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   "text": "Les avancées consacrées il y a quarante-sept ans par la loi du 17 janvier 1975 relative à l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse (IVG), dite loi Veil, sont désormais acceptées par une immense majorité de nos concitoyens. Ce texte a traversé les âges pour protéger les droits des femmes dans tous nos territoires. Aujourd’hui, on nous demande d’aller plus loin et d’inscrire la liberté d’accès à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans notre Constitution.Comme beaucoup de mes collègues, comme Jean-Félix Acquaviva, chef de file de notre groupe sur ce texte, je tiens à rendre hommage au combat mené par Simone Veil en 1975. Ce combat pour le droit des femmes est entré dans l’histoire, mais il reste d’actualité. Il ne tient qu’à nous de le prolonger et de le consacrer solennellement dans notre norme la plus élevée.Les Françaises nous écoutent avec une attention particulière. J’aimerais répondre à ceux qui laissent entendre que nous serions suffisamment protégés en France et qu’il n’est nul besoin de sécuriser l’IVG. Je leur dirai que l’optimisme est une qualité, mais qu’elle ne doit pas mener à l’aveuglement.La loi Veil est une garantie essentielle pour le droit à l’IVG, mais ce droit n’est garanti que par la loi ordinaire. Une autre loi pourrait donc le limiter, le restreindre et revenir sur ces acquis. Des revirements jurisprudentiels peuvent également conduire à des décisions inattendues, dans le bon ou dans le mauvais sens.Inutile d’aller jusqu’aux États-Unis pour trouver des exemples inquiétants : il s’en trouve ici même, parmi les pays membres de l’Union européenne. En Pologne, le tribunal constitutionnel a réduit de manière drastique l’accès à l’avortement, à rebours de l’équilibre juridique qu’il avait trouvé dans les années 1990. Le Gouvernement portugais a quant à lui décidé en 2015 de mettre à la charge des femmes tous les frais liés à l’arrêt de leur grossesse. En Espagne, un projet de loi, approuvé en 2013 en conseil des ministres, prévoyait de limiter l’IVG aux cas de grave danger pour la santé de la mère ou de viol, avant d’être retiré devant le tollé suscité.Dans notre pays, certains organismes militent aussi contre l’IVG : souvenez-vous, il n’y a pas si longtemps, en janvier 2020, une campagne anti-IVG était affichée dans les espaces publicitaires du métro de notre capitale.Certes, en France, aucun mouvement politique d’ampleur ne demande encore l’abolition pure et simple du droit à l’IVG. Est-ce pour cela qu’il faudrait ne rien faire ? Devrions-nous rester les bras croisés sous prétexte que le danger que ce droit soit amoindri n’est pas encore à la porte de notre assemblée ? Au contraire, nous devons agir pendant que nous le pouvons, tant qu’une majorité d’entre nous est contre tout recul.Je l’affirme dans cet hémicycle : l’improbable n’est pas impossible, et c’est bien le rôle d’un élu, d’un représentant de la nation d’anticiper et d’agir, même face à ce qui est aujourd’hui considéré comme hautement incertain. Ne prenons pas de risque, ne parions pas sur un sujet aussi important ! Le droit à l’IVG fait pleinement partie de notre contrat social. Les droits des femmes sont des droits fondamentaux, l’IVG mérite d’être inscrite dans notre Constitution.À ceux qui estiment qu’il n’y a là qu’un symbole, je veux dire qu’il ne s’agit aucunement de faire semblant, mais de renforcer une protection ordinaire pour lui offrir un bouclier constitutionnel à la hauteur des enjeux.C’est pourquoi nous nous rangeons derrière la rédaction de compromis proposée par le Gouvernement, que nous avons adoptée la semaine dernière, qui fait le choix de la notion de liberté et de son inscription à l’article 34 de la Constitution. Si l’expression « droit à l’IVG » semblait préférable à bon nombre des membres de mon groupe, le débat entre les forces politiques permet aussi d’évoluer et, dans un objectif de rassemblement, nous l’acceptons. Je fais donc le choix de renforcer les acquis de la loi Veil en actant cette consécration au rang constitutionnel.Je terminerai en insistant sur la notion d’égalité d’accès à l’IVG pour les femmes qui le souhaitent. Des difficultés pratiques et des fractures sociales et territoriales élevées persistent en France. Nous devons veiller à garantir un accès effectif à l’IVG ; cela impose une réponse forte de l’État.La très grande majorité des membres de mon groupe votera pour cette avancée en faveur du droit des femmes et de la liberté de choisir ou non de donner la vie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT. – Mme Anne-Cécile Violland applaudit également.)",
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   "analysis_text": "Les avancées consacrées il y a quarante-sept ans par la loi du 17 janvier 1975 relative à l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse (IVG), dite loi Veil, sont désormais acceptées par une immense majorité de nos concitoyens. Ce texte a traversé les âges pour protéger les droits des femmes dans tous nos territoires. Aujourd’hui, on nous demande d’aller plus loin et d’inscrire la liberté d’accès à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans notre Constitution.Comme beaucoup de mes collègues, comme [PERSONNE], chef de file de notre groupe sur ce texte, je tiens à rendre hommage au combat mené par Simone Veil en 1975. Ce combat pour le droit des femmes est entré dans l’histoire, mais il reste d’actualité. Il ne tient qu’à nous de le prolonger et de le consacrer solennellement dans notre norme la plus élevée.Les Françaises nous écoutent avec une attention particulière. J’aimerais répondre à ceux qui laissent entendre que nous serions suffisamment protégés en France et qu’il n’est nul besoin de sécuriser l’IVG. Je leur dirai que l’optimisme est une qualité, mais qu’elle ne doit pas mener à l’aveuglement.La loi Veil est une garantie essentielle pour le droit à l’IVG, mais ce droit n’est garanti que par la loi ordinaire. Une autre loi pourrait donc le limiter, le restreindre et revenir sur ces acquis. Des revirements jurisprudentiels peuvent également conduire à des décisions inattendues, dans le bon ou dans le mauvais sens.Inutile d’aller jusqu’aux États-Unis pour trouver des exemples inquiétants : il s’en trouve ici même, parmi les pays membres de l’Union européenne. En Pologne, le tribunal constitutionnel a réduit de manière drastique l’accès à l’avortement, à rebours de l’équilibre juridique qu’il avait trouvé dans les années 1990. Le Gouvernement portugais a quant à lui décidé en 2015 de mettre à la charge des femmes tous les frais liés à l’arrêt de leur grossesse. En Espagne, un projet de loi, approuvé en 2013 en conseil des ministres, prévoyait de limiter l’IVG aux cas de grave danger pour la santé de la mère ou de viol, avant d’être retiré devant le tollé suscité.Dans notre pays, certains organismes militent aussi contre l’IVG : souvenez-vous, il n’y a pas si longtemps, en janvier 2020, une campagne anti-IVG était affichée dans les espaces publicitaires du métro de notre capitale.Certes, en France, aucun mouvement politique d’ampleur ne demande encore l’abolition pure et simple du droit à l’IVG. Est-ce pour cela qu’il faudrait ne rien faire ? Devrions-nous rester les bras croisés sous prétexte que le danger que ce droit soit amoindri n’est pas encore à la porte de notre assemblée ? Au contraire, nous devons agir pendant que nous le pouvons, tant qu’une majorité d’entre nous est contre tout recul.Je l’affirme dans cet hémicycle : l’improbable n’est pas impossible, et c’est bien le rôle d’un élu, d’un représentant de la nation d’anticiper et d’agir, même face à ce qui est aujourd’hui considéré comme hautement incertain. Ne prenons pas de risque, ne parions pas sur un sujet aussi important ! Le droit à l’IVG fait pleinement partie de notre contrat social. Les droits des femmes sont des droits fondamentaux, l’IVG mérite d’être inscrite dans notre Constitution.À ceux qui estiment qu’il n’y a là qu’un symbole, je veux dire qu’il ne s’agit aucunement de faire semblant, mais de renforcer une protection ordinaire pour lui offrir un bouclier constitutionnel à la hauteur des enjeux.C’est pourquoi nous nous rangeons derrière la rédaction de compromis proposée par le Gouvernement, que nous avons adoptée la semaine dernière, qui fait le choix de la notion de liberté et de son inscription à l’article 34 de la Constitution. Si l’expression « droit à l’IVG » semblait préférable à bon nombre des membres de mon groupe, le débat entre les forces politiques permet aussi d’évoluer et, dans un objectif de rassemblement, nous l’acceptons. Je fais donc le choix de renforcer les acquis de la loi Veil en actant cette consécration au rang constitutionnel.Je terminerai en insistant sur la notion d’égalité d’accès à l’IVG pour les femmes qui le souhaitent. Des difficultés pratiques et des fractures sociales et territoriales élevées persistent en France. Nous devons veiller à garantir un accès effectif à l’IVG ; cela impose une réponse forte de l’État.La très grande majorité des membres de mon groupe votera pour cette avancée en faveur du droit des femmes et de la liberté de choisir ou non de donner la vie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
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   "text": "Nous voici sur le point de franchir une étape cruciale du processus entamé dès les premiers jours de notre législature, avec le dépôt de plusieurs propositions de révision constitutionnelle, issues de la majorité comme de l’opposition, permettant de sanctuariser le droit à l’avortement. Nous avons longuement débattu, ici et en commission, et ce débat trouve un large écho en dehors de nos murs, car les Françaises et les Français en ont bien compris l’enjeu : ce sont les droits de nos filles et de nos petites-filles que nous sommes sur le point de protéger ; ce sont bien les contours de la société française de demain que nous allons désormais garantir.Ce débat a permis de dissiper les derniers doutes, et les dernières interrogations sincères : non, la constitutionnalisation de la liberté garantie à la femme de recourir à l’IVG n’entraînera pas de modifications des modalités actuelles d’exercice de ce droit, ni sur le délai durant lequel une femme peut avorter, ni sur les modalités d’accès, ni sur la clause de conscience dont bénéficient les soignants et dont la portée constitutionnelle est déjà garantie par le juge. Non, le droit de recourir à l’IVG n’est, en l’état du droit, protégé par aucune norme supralégislative, de sorte que si nous ne parvenions pas à faire aboutir cette réforme constitutionnelle, une simple loi ordinaire pourrait tout à fait venir effacer l’édifice juridique qu’une succession de lois a créé en un demi-siècle.Comme le rapporteur l’a très justement résumé, ce texte est rien et tout à la fois : certes, il ne modifie pas le cadre juridique actuel mais, demain, il pourrait devenir le seul bouclier du droit des femmes, son seul rempart contre une majorité parlementaire réactionnaire.Les circonstances politiques nous incitent à passer à l’acte maintenant car, oui, le droit à l’avortement est bien plus menacé que dans le passé. Non, l’exemple américain n’est pas une exception culturelle circonscrite dans le temps et l’espace, et limitée à une culture politique à laquelle nous serions par nature hermétiques. Le croire serait faire preuve d’un optimisme naïf que je ne peux partager.Il n’est d’ailleurs pas nécessaire de franchir l’océan pour constater que les majorités réactionnaires font toujours du droit à l’avortement des femmes une de leurs premières cibles : la Pologne, la Hongrie, Malte, l’Italie, l’Espagne, le Portugal, tous ces pays sont des démocraties, mais des majorités parlementaires y ont mis ou tenté de mettre en œuvre des politiques qui mettent à mal le droit à l’IVG, jusqu’à forcer les femmes à écouter les battements de cœur du fœtus ou à interdire l’avortement, même en cas de malformation fœtale.Et en France alors – ici même, devrais-je dire –, devons-nous prendre pour argent comptant la promesse proférée la main sur le cœur par ceux qui étaient contre le droit à l’avortement hier qu’on ne les y reprendrait plus ? Faut-il fermer les yeux au passage de milliers de manifestants opposés au droit à l’avortement dans les rues de Paris, comme ce fut le cas il y a dix jours ? Faut-il se boucher les oreilles lorsque des parlementaires du Rassemblement national comparent l’avortement à un génocide ? (Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)Pardonnez-moi, mais je ne crois pas que les réactionnaires de tout crin aient changé d’avis sur la place des femmes dans la société.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 894,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357519",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 549,
   "annotation_id": "N8f65432fdab8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voici sur le point de franchir une étape cruciale du processus entamé dès les premiers jours de notre législature, avec le dépôt de plusieurs propositions de révision constitutionnelle, issues de la majorité comme de l’opposition, permettant de sanctuariser le droit à l’avortement. Nous avons longuement débattu, ici et en commission, et ce débat trouve un large écho en dehors de nos murs, car les Françaises et les Français en ont bien compris l’enjeu : ce sont les droits de nos filles et de nos petites-filles que nous sommes sur le point de protéger ; ce sont bien les contours de la société française de demain que nous allons désormais garantir.Ce débat a permis de dissiper les derniers doutes, et les dernières interrogations sincères : non, la constitutionnalisation de la liberté garantie à la femme de recourir à l’IVG n’entraînera pas de modifications des modalités actuelles d’exercice de ce droit, ni sur le délai durant lequel une femme peut avorter, ni sur les modalités d’accès, ni sur la clause de conscience dont bénéficient les soignants et dont la portée constitutionnelle est déjà garantie par le juge. Non, le droit de recourir à l’IVG n’est, en l’état du droit, protégé par aucune norme supralégislative, de sorte que si nous ne parvenions pas à faire aboutir cette réforme constitutionnelle, une simple loi ordinaire pourrait tout à fait venir effacer l’édifice juridique qu’une succession de lois a créé en un demi-siècle.Comme le rapporteur l’a très justement résumé, ce texte est rien et tout à la fois : certes, il ne modifie pas le cadre juridique actuel mais, demain, il pourrait devenir le seul bouclier du droit des femmes, son seul rempart contre une majorité parlementaire réactionnaire.Les circonstances politiques nous incitent à passer à l’acte maintenant car, oui, le droit à l’avortement est bien plus menacé que dans le passé. Non, l’exemple américain n’est pas une exception culturelle circonscrite dans le temps et l’espace, et limitée à une culture politique à laquelle nous serions par nature hermétiques. Le croire serait faire preuve d’un optimisme naïf que je ne peux partager.Il n’est d’ailleurs pas nécessaire de franchir l’océan pour constater que les majorités réactionnaires font toujours du droit à l’avortement des femmes une de leurs premières cibles : la Pologne, la Hongrie, Malte, l’Italie, l’Espagne, le Portugal, tous ces pays sont des démocraties, mais des majorités parlementaires y ont mis ou tenté de mettre en œuvre des politiques qui mettent à mal le droit à l’IVG, jusqu’à forcer les femmes à écouter les battements de cœur du fœtus ou à interdire l’avortement, même en cas de malformation fœtale.Et en France alors – ici même, devrais-je dire –, devons-nous prendre pour argent comptant la promesse proférée la main sur le cœur par ceux qui étaient contre le droit à l’avortement hier qu’on ne les y reprendrait plus ? Faut-il fermer les yeux au passage de milliers de manifestants opposés au droit à l’avortement dans les rues de Paris, comme ce fut le cas il y a dix jours ? Faut-il se boucher les oreilles lorsque des parlementaires du [GROUPE] comparent l’avortement à un génocide ? (Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Pardonnez-moi, mais je ne crois pas que les réactionnaires de tout crin aient changé d’avis sur la place des femmes dans la société."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357527",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357527"
   ],
   "order": 902,
   "text": "Et je sais que c’est en empêchant les femmes de maîtriser leur corps qu’ils prévoient de les renvoyer dans les foyers.Voter pour ce bouclier protecteur n’est pas faire preuve de pessimisme, mais de responsabilité. C’est anticiper de probables évolutions particulièrement néfastes avant qu’il ne soit trop tard pour nous en prémunir.Nous pouvons être fiers du travail accompli. Je tiens à saluer l’esprit de responsabilité de plusieurs des groupes politiques de notre assemblée qui ont accepté de se ranger derrière la rédaction de compromis proposée par le Gouvernement.C’est une formulation équilibrée qui préserve la volonté du Sénat, tout en protégeant efficacement les modalités d’exercice du droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce compromis ne pourra souffrir aucun recul, sous peine de voir disparaître le bouclier protecteur non régressif que nous appelons de nos vœux. En effet, comment le juge constitutionnel interpréterait-il un recul – par exemple le retrait du mot « garantie » – autrement que comme une volonté du constituant de ne pas garantir la liberté donnée à la femme de recourir à l’avortement ?Nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre une telle ambiguïté. Alors que ce texte s’apprête à poursuivre son parcours parlementaire, je forme le vœu qu’il soit examiné par nos collègues sénateurs pour ce qu’il est : un pas vers l’autre en faveur de la défense d’intérêts qui nous dépassent ; un compromis entre la gauche – qui a abandonné beaucoup, je le sais –, la majorité et la droite républicaine. Je ne doute pas que le Sénat, chambre du compromis et de la mesure, entende notre appel à l’unité républicaine pour le droit des femmes.Le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps, à choisir leur destin, à faire seules les choix qui les concernent, n’est pas une humeur, une concession donnée à l’air du temps ou à des prescripteurs de morale venus de l’étranger. Il est la source même de la liberté des femmes, acceptées comme des individus libres dotés de raison et jouissant de leurs droits de citoyennes. Cette liberté, essentielle, a toute sa place dans notre Constitution.Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe Renaissance votera bien sûr en faveur de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE et sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 902,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357527",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 376,
   "annotation_id": "N992f07260429",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Et je sais que c’est en empêchant les femmes de maîtriser leur corps qu’ils prévoient de les renvoyer dans les foyers.Voter pour ce bouclier protecteur n’est pas faire preuve de pessimisme, mais de responsabilité. C’est anticiper de probables évolutions particulièrement néfastes avant qu’il ne soit trop tard pour nous en prémunir.Nous pouvons être fiers du travail accompli. Je tiens à saluer l’esprit de responsabilité de plusieurs des groupes politiques de notre assemblée qui ont accepté de se ranger derrière la rédaction de compromis proposée par le Gouvernement.C’est une formulation équilibrée qui préserve la volonté du Sénat, tout en protégeant efficacement les modalités d’exercice du droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce compromis ne pourra souffrir aucun recul, sous peine de voir disparaître le bouclier protecteur non régressif que nous appelons de nos vœux. En effet, comment le juge constitutionnel interpréterait-il un recul – par exemple le retrait du mot « garantie » – autrement que comme une volonté du constituant de ne pas garantir la liberté donnée à la femme de recourir à l’avortement ?Nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre une telle ambiguïté. Alors que ce texte s’apprête à poursuivre son parcours parlementaire, je forme le vœu qu’il soit examiné par nos collègues sénateurs pour ce qu’il est : un pas vers l’autre en faveur de la défense d’intérêts qui nous dépassent ; un compromis entre la gauche – qui a abandonné beaucoup, je le sais –, la majorité et la [GROUPE]. Je ne doute pas que le Sénat, chambre du compromis et de la mesure, entende notre appel à l’unité républicaine pour le droit des femmes.Le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps, à choisir leur destin, à faire seules les choix qui les concernent, n’est pas une humeur, une concession donnée à l’air du temps ou à des prescripteurs de morale venus de l’étranger. Il est la source même de la liberté des femmes, acceptées comme des individus libres dotés de raison et jouissant de leurs droits de citoyennes. Cette liberté, essentielle, a toute sa place dans notre Constitution.Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] votera bien sûr en faveur de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE et sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357542",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357542"
   ],
   "order": 922,
   "text": "…à l’heure où ils viennent également interpeller les parlementaires que nous sommes sur les problèmes que connaît leur profession, comment pouvons-nous consacrer autant de temps à un texte qui vise à constitutionnaliser l’IVG ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 922,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357542",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N1ffac586db4b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…à l’heure où ils viennent également interpeller les parlementaires que nous sommes sur les problèmes que connaît leur profession, comment pouvons-nous consacrer autant de temps à un texte qui vise à constitutionnaliser l’IVG ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357544",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357544"
   ],
   "order": 924,
   "text": "Le débat sur l’IVG a eu lieu il y a presque cinquante ans – certains parmi vous l’ont oublié – et personne, absolument personne, dans la société française contemporaine, ne souhaite plus remettre ce droit en cause,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 924,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357544",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Nb99515221803",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le débat sur l’IVG a eu lieu il y a presque cinquante ans – certains parmi vous l’ont oublié – et personne, absolument personne, dans la société française contemporaine, ne souhaite plus remettre ce droit en cause,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357546",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357546"
   ],
   "order": 926,
   "text": "…notamment aucun parti politique représenté au Parlement (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN), étant rappelé que 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées en France en 2022, soit deux fois plus qu’en Allemagne.Alors que la liberté de la femme d’avorter est pleinement protégée par la loi défendue par Simone Veil, et qu’elle fait désormais partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique, alors que sur le plan constitutionnel, il n’y a strictement aucun risque d’atteinte à l’IVG…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 926,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357546",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N6b08b95a4f12",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…notamment aucun parti politique représenté au Parlement (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), étant rappelé que 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées en France en 2022, soit deux fois plus qu’en Allemagne.Alors que la liberté de la femme d’avorter est pleinement protégée par la loi défendue par Simone Veil, et qu’elle fait désormais partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique, alors que sur le plan constitutionnel, il n’y a strictement aucun risque d’atteinte à l’IVG…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357549",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357549"
   ],
   "order": 929,
   "text": "…puisque le Conseil constitutionnel a toujours jugé l’avortement conforme à la Constitution, nos débats sont inaudibles pour ceux qui estiment (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs de la majorité) – vous ne voulez pas l’entendre mais vous l’entendrez quand même – que nous devrions plutôt légiférer sur des droits et libertés réellement menacés, comme le droit de nos agriculteurs à vivre décemment de leur travail. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Ce droit-là est menacé par l’Union européenne…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 929,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357549",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "N8af10b44f2e3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…puisque le Conseil constitutionnel a toujours jugé l’avortement conforme à la Constitution, nos débats sont inaudibles pour ceux qui estiment (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs de la majorité) – vous ne voulez pas l’entendre mais vous l’entendrez quand même – que nous devrions plutôt légiférer sur des droits et libertés réellement menacés, comme le droit de nos agriculteurs à vivre décemment de leur travail. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ce droit-là est menacé par l’Union européenne…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357552",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357552"
   ],
   "order": 932,
   "text": "…et par la politique menée par les gouvernements successifs du président Macron. De même, la liberté des femmes est menacée par l’islamisme galopant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 932,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357552",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nf8921858cd74",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…et par la politique menée par les gouvernements successifs du président Macron. De même, la liberté des femmes est menacée par l’islamisme galopant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357553",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357553"
   ],
   "order": 934,
   "text": "Pourquoi ce texte ? Et pourquoi à ce moment précis ? Vous ne m’enlèverez pas de l’esprit qu’il s’agit d’une pâle diversion, notamment destinée à masquer le véritable problème : l’effectivité de l’accès à l’IVG sur tout le territoire français. Cela devrait d’ailleurs vous inquiéter car, près de cinquante ans après l’adoption de la loi Veil, nombre de femmes, principalement dans les zones rurales, ne parviennent pas à recourir à une IVG dans le délai légal. Au reste, c’est précisément pour pallier les carences abyssales de notre système de santé que ce délai a récemment été repoussé à quatorze semaines ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)D’aucuns mettent en avant l’aspect symbolique de la démarche – c’est d’ailleurs en raison de sa portée symbolique qu’une majorité de notre groupe a voté pour le texte soumis à notre assemblée en novembre 2022. La Constitution étant le texte suprême, les députés du Rassemblement national considèrent que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle devrait quoi qu’il en soit être soumis à référendum car la Constitution ne devrait pouvoir être modifiée que directement par le peuple souverain. (Mêmes mouvements.)Dès lors, ce texte, inutile et totalement à rebours des attentes premières de nos concitoyens…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 934,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357553",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 199,
   "annotation_id": "N366fb05db0d2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi ce texte ? Et pourquoi à ce moment précis ? Vous ne m’enlèverez pas de l’esprit qu’il s’agit d’une pâle diversion, notamment destinée à masquer le véritable problème : l’effectivité de l’accès à l’IVG sur tout le territoire français. Cela devrait d’ailleurs vous inquiéter car, près de cinquante ans après l’adoption de la loi Veil, nombre de femmes, principalement dans les zones rurales, ne parviennent pas à recourir à une IVG dans le délai légal. Au reste, c’est précisément pour pallier les carences abyssales de notre système de santé que ce délai a récemment été repoussé à quatorze semaines ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)D’aucuns mettent en avant l’aspect symbolique de la démarche – c’est d’ailleurs en raison de sa portée symbolique qu’une majorité de notre groupe a voté pour le texte soumis à notre assemblée en novembre 2022. La Constitution étant le texte suprême, les députés du [GROUPE] considèrent que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle devrait quoi qu’il en soit être soumis à référendum car la Constitution ne devrait pouvoir être modifiée que directement par le peuple souverain. (Mêmes mouvements.)Dès lors, ce texte, inutile et totalement à rebours des attentes premières de nos concitoyens…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357832",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357832"
   ],
   "order": 938,
   "text": "…– nous devrions en avoir conscience en ces moments où les agriculteurs connaissent des difficultés – ne réglera pas les problèmes quotidiens des femmes, car il ne s’agit là que d’une opération de communication destinée à flatter l’ego de certains (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN),…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 938,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357832",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "Naeea19061d52",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…– nous devrions en avoir conscience en ces moments où les agriculteurs connaissent des difficultés – ne réglera pas les problèmes quotidiens des femmes, car il ne s’agit là que d’une opération de communication destinée à flatter l’ego de certains (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357834",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357834"
   ],
   "order": 940,
   "text": "…tout en masquant la réalité de l’insondable état de notre système de santé, comme je l’ai rappelé la semaine dernière. Bref, ce texte n’est en fin de compte qu’un artifice destiné à masquer la vacuité de votre politique de défense des droits des femmes.Farouchement attaché à la liberté de conscience, le groupe Rassemblement national laissera chacun voter en conscience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 940,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357834",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N404fb98931b3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…tout en masquant la réalité de l’insondable état de notre système de santé, comme je l’ai rappelé la semaine dernière. Bref, ce texte n’est en fin de compte qu’un artifice destiné à masquer la vacuité de votre politique de défense des droits des femmes.Farouchement attaché à la liberté de conscience, le groupe [GROUPE] laissera chacun voter en conscience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NUPES)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357837",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357837"
   ],
   "order": 943,
   "text": "Collègues, nous nous tenons au seuil de l’histoire : en votant cette loi, la France deviendra le premier pays au monde à inscrire le droit à l’avortement dans sa Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 943,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357837",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Nca810947f046",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Collègues, nous nous tenons au seuil de l’histoire : en votant cette loi, la France deviendra le premier pays au monde à inscrire le droit à l’avortement dans sa Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357839",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357839"
   ],
   "order": 945,
   "text": "Elle fera ainsi acte de progrès humain.Lorsque nous modifions la Constitution, c’est le temps long que nous touchons du doigt. Aujourd’hui, l’histoire longue vient à notre rencontre : voter pour protéger le droit à l’avortement en l’inscrivant dans notre norme suprême est d’abord la consécration d’une victoire arrachée de haute lutte. Je salue les militantes, les associations et les collectifs qui se battent depuis des années ; à elles, présentes en tribune, je dis à nouveau notre reconnaissance. (Les députés des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES puis des groupes RE, Dem et HOR se lèvent et applaudissent. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Du Mouvement pour la liberté de l’avortement et de la contraception (Mlac) à l’association Choisir la cause des femmes, en passant par le Mouvement français pour le planning familial et le Mouvement de libération des femmes (MLF) : la maîtrise de notre destin, à nous les femmes, leur doit tant.Gloire à celles et ceux qui par leur combat ont arraché au fil du temps le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en 1975, son remboursement par la sécurité sociale en 1981, l’allongement des délais de dix à douze semaines en 2001, puis de douze à quatorze semaines en 2022 – je salue la présence en tribune d’Albane Gaillot, qui nous a ainsi fait remporter une magnifique victoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)C’est toujours grâce à elles que le droit n’a eu de cesse de progresser : droit des mineures à avorter sans accord parental, suppression du délai de réflexion, création du délit d’entrave et autorisation pour les sages-femmes à pratiquer des IVG.Cette victoire résonne aussi comme une réparation, sinon une revanche – une revanche contre la honte, la clandestinité, le silence, la souffrance et la mort, qu’ont eu à affronter des centaines de milliers de femmes.Collègues, nous nous tenons au seuil de l’histoire. Cette victoire est parlementaire. Députées insoumises, nous sommes fières d’avoir été à l’origine du premier texte voté à l’Assemblée le 24 novembre 2022. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 945,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357839",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 356,
   "annotation_id": "N02fd3eeff5ab",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Elle fera ainsi acte de progrès humain.Lorsque nous modifions la Constitution, c’est le temps long que nous touchons du doigt. Aujourd’hui, l’histoire longue vient à notre rencontre : voter pour protéger le droit à l’avortement en l’inscrivant dans notre norme suprême est d’abord la consécration d’une victoire arrachée de haute lutte. Je salue les militantes, les associations et les collectifs qui se battent depuis des années ; à elles, présentes en tribune, je dis à nouveau notre reconnaissance. (Les députés des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] puis des groupes RE, Dem et HOR se lèvent et applaudissent. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Du Mouvement pour la liberté de l’avortement et de la contraception (Mlac) à l’association Choisir la cause des femmes, en passant par le Mouvement français pour le planning familial et le Mouvement de libération des femmes (MLF) : la maîtrise de notre destin, à nous les femmes, leur doit tant.Gloire à celles et ceux qui par leur combat ont arraché au fil du temps le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en 1975, son remboursement par la sécurité sociale en 1981, l’allongement des délais de dix à douze semaines en 2001, puis de douze à quatorze semaines en 2022 – je salue la présence en tribune d’[PERSONNE], qui nous a ainsi fait remporter une magnifique victoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)C’est toujours grâce à elles que le droit n’a eu de cesse de progresser : droit des mineures à avorter sans accord parental, suppression du délai de réflexion, création du délit d’entrave et autorisation pour les sages-femmes à pratiquer des IVG.Cette victoire résonne aussi comme une réparation, sinon une revanche – une revanche contre la honte, la clandestinité, le silence, la souffrance et la mort, qu’ont eu à affronter des centaines de milliers de femmes.Collègues, nous nous tenons au seuil de l’histoire. Cette victoire est parlementaire. Députées insoumises, nous sommes fières d’avoir été à l’origine du premier texte voté à l’Assemblée le 24 novembre 2022. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357846",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357846"
   ],
   "order": 952,
   "text": "Cette victoire, nous la dédions aussi à toutes les femmes qui luttent dans le monde pour le droit à disposer d’elles-mêmes – aux femmes italiennes, hongroises, argentines. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Partout où l’extrême droite a accédé au pouvoir, ce sont les droits des femmes et des personnes LGBTQIA+ qui ont été attaqués en premier. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Ce n’est donc pas un texte de communication, mais de protection contre vous, l’extrême droite, qui ne cessez de tenir les pires propos anti-avortement et anti-droits des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.) Nous dédions cette victoire aux femmes polonaises, dont le parcours pour légaliser l’avortement est encore semé d’embûches et aux femmes états-uniennes, alors que nous apprenons que 65 000 d’entre elles – 65 000 ! – ont été obligées de porter l’enfant de leur violeur dans les États anti-avortement.À présent, nous formons le vœu que la civilisation humaine s’engage dans le siècle des droits des femmes.Collègues, nous nous tenons au seuil de l’histoire ! Ce texte est surtout une promesse de sûreté, une garantie apportée à toutes celles qui viendront après nous qu’elles jouiront des mêmes droits que nous. Dans la VIe République, nous assortirons au droit d’avorter son corollaire, celui de recourir au droit à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)Souvenez-vous qu’il n’y a pas de liberté sans autonomie. Loin d’être un droit parmi d’autres dans un catalogue, le droit à l’avortement est celui qui préside tous les autres, celui qui nous élève au rang de sujets politiques.En votant la constitutionnalisation, nous votons la fin d’une relégation. Il en est assez d’avoir été assignées aux marges de l’histoire : les femmes ne sont pas ces « utérus à deux pattes, un point c’est tout », comme l’écrivait Margaret Atwood, ni ces « vases sacrés », ni ces « calices ambulants ». Notre corps nous appartient : tel est le droit fondamental et la liberté ultime de choix que nous allons graver dans la Constitution, que nous allons graver dans le temps long. Des marges, entrons maintenant au cœur de l’histoire : votons cette loi. (Les députés du groupe LFI-NUPES se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 952,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357846",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 405,
   "annotation_id": "Nb044292c796c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette victoire, nous la dédions aussi à toutes les femmes qui luttent dans le monde pour le droit à disposer d’elles-mêmes – aux femmes italiennes, hongroises, argentines. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Partout où l’extrême droite a accédé au pouvoir, ce sont les droits des femmes et des personnes LGBTQIA+ qui ont été attaqués en premier. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ce n’est donc pas un texte de communication, mais de protection contre vous, l’extrême droite, qui ne cessez de tenir les pires propos anti-avortement et anti-droits des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous dédions cette victoire aux femmes polonaises, dont le parcours pour légaliser l’avortement est encore semé d’embûches et aux femmes états-uniennes, alors que nous apprenons que 65 000 d’entre elles – 65 000 ! – ont été obligées de porter l’enfant de leur violeur dans les États anti-avortement.À présent, nous formons le vœu que la civilisation humaine s’engage dans le siècle des droits des femmes.Collègues, nous nous tenons au seuil de l’histoire ! Ce texte est surtout une promesse de sûreté, une garantie apportée à toutes celles qui viendront après nous qu’elles jouiront des mêmes droits que nous. Dans la VIe République, nous assortirons au droit d’avorter son corollaire, celui de recourir au droit à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)Souvenez-vous qu’il n’y a pas de liberté sans autonomie. Loin d’être un droit parmi d’autres dans un catalogue, le droit à l’avortement est celui qui préside tous les autres, celui qui nous élève au rang de sujets politiques.En votant la constitutionnalisation, nous votons la fin d’une relégation. Il en est assez d’avoir été assignées aux marges de l’histoire : les femmes ne sont pas ces « utérus à deux pattes, un point c’est tout », comme l’écrivait Margaret Atwood, ni ces « vases sacrés », ni ces « calices ambulants ». Notre corps nous appartient : tel est le droit fondamental et la liberté ultime de choix que nous allons graver dans la Constitution, que nous allons graver dans le temps long. Des marges, entrons maintenant au cœur de l’histoire : votons cette loi. (Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357856",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357856"
   ],
   "order": 960,
   "text": "Le sujet est grave : nous parlons de la liberté des femmes à recourir à l’avortement et du respect de la vie humaine. Nous parlons du respect de libertés et de droits fondamentaux.Or la fermeture, sous la présidence d’Emmanuel Macron, de plus de 114 centres pratiquant des IVG met en péril le recours effectif des femmes à l’IVG et pose question. L’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution devant un beau Congrès, après de grands discours à la tribune de la majorité et du Président évoquant les droits des femmes avec des trémolos dans la voix, c’est bien ; garantir réellement aux femmes, dès aujourd’hui, la possibilité de recourir à l’IVG en France, c’est mieux !Si l’IVG est si importante pour la Macronie, pourquoi ne pas vous être battus contre ces fermetures ? Pourquoi vos ministres de la santé successifs n’ont-ils rien fait en sept ans ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 960,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357856",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "N00189131f83e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le sujet est grave : nous parlons de la liberté des femmes à recourir à l’avortement et du respect de la vie humaine. Nous parlons du respect de libertés et de droits fondamentaux.Or la fermeture, sous la présidence d’[PERSONNE], de plus de 114 centres pratiquant des IVG met en péril le recours effectif des femmes à l’IVG et pose question. L’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution devant un beau Congrès, après de grands discours à la tribune de la majorité et du Président évoquant les droits des femmes avec des trémolos dans la voix, c’est bien ; garantir réellement aux femmes, dès aujourd’hui, la possibilité de recourir à l’IVG en France, c’est mieux !Si l’IVG est si importante pour la Macronie, pourquoi ne pas vous être battus contre ces fermetures ? Pourquoi vos ministres de la santé successifs n’ont-ils rien fait en sept ans ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357862",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357862"
   ],
   "order": 966,
   "text": "À titre personnel, je suis favorable à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, mais en respectant l’article 1er de la loi Veil : « le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de la vie ». Ce qui fait la force de la loi Veil de 1975, c’est l’équilibre instauré entre la possibilité pour la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG et « le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de la vie ». C’est donc bien l’ensemble de la loi Veil et son équilibre que les députés Les Républicains veulent s’assurer de voir respecter.Pour nous, cette constitutionnalisation consiste à garantir que personne en France ne pourra revenir sur la liberté pour la femme de recourir à l’IVG,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 966,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357862",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Ne5f2451895d2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "À titre personnel, je suis favorable à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, mais en respectant l’article 1er de la loi Veil : « le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de la vie ». Ce qui fait la force de la loi Veil de 1975, c’est l’équilibre instauré entre la possibilité pour la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG et « le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de la vie ». C’est donc bien l’ensemble de la loi Veil et son équilibre que les députés [GROUPE] veulent s’assurer de voir respecter.Pour nous, cette constitutionnalisation consiste à garantir que personne en France ne pourra revenir sur la liberté pour la femme de recourir à l’IVG,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357865",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357865"
   ],
   "order": 969,
   "text": "…comme c’est dramatiquement le cas aux États-Unis, en Hongrie et en Pologne.Il s’agit tout autant de nous prémunir contre toute velléité d’utiliser cette inscription dans la Constitution pour supprimer les délais d’IVG ou restreindre la clause de conscience des soignants.Si 81 % des Français sont favorables à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution – j’en fais partie –, je pense qu’ils sont tout aussi nombreux à refuser que l’on autorise à avorter par choix à sept, huit ou neuf mois. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 969,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357865",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "N2b46cc47f6f9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…comme c’est dramatiquement le cas aux États-Unis, en Hongrie et en Pologne.Il s’agit tout autant de nous prémunir contre toute velléité d’utiliser cette inscription dans la Constitution pour supprimer les délais d’IVG ou restreindre la clause de conscience des soignants.Si 81 % des Français sont favorables à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution – j’en fais partie –, je pense qu’ils sont tout aussi nombreux à refuser que l’on autorise à avorter par choix à sept, huit ou neuf mois. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357870",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357870"
   ],
   "order": 974,
   "text": "Je le précise pour nos concitoyens car je n’imaginais pas qu’on pouvait même y penser. Force est de constater que la suppression des délais pour avorter ne choque pas tout le monde dans cet hémicycle, puisque les macronistes alliés à la gauche ont voté il y a deux ans un amendement autorisant l’avortement jusqu’à neuf mois pour « détresse psychosociale ».Je ne reviendrai pas ici sur les propos d’une association reconnue d’utilité publique, financée par l’argent public, agréée par l’Éducation nationale et recevant et conseillant des jeunes, qui assume « défendre la suppression totale du délai de recours à l’IVG » et « lutter pour l’allongement des délais de l’IVG », en visant un premier objectif d’allongement des délais à vingt-quatre semaines, soit six mois ! Nous, Les Républicains, voulons nous prémunir contre tous ces excès.L’IVG n’est jamais anodine, ni physiquement, ni moralement. Elle relève bien plus de la nécessité que d’un choix positif des femmes. La liberté réelle de ces dernières de disposer de leur corps ne réside pas dans la possibilité d’avorter à six, sept ou neuf mois…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 974,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357870",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 180,
   "annotation_id": "N34a10c8f36f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je le précise pour nos concitoyens car je n’imaginais pas qu’on pouvait même y penser. Force est de constater que la suppression des délais pour avorter ne choque pas tout le monde dans cet hémicycle, puisque les macronistes alliés à la gauche ont voté il y a deux ans un amendement autorisant l’avortement jusqu’à neuf mois pour « détresse psychosociale ».Je ne reviendrai pas ici sur les propos d’une association reconnue d’utilité publique, financée par l’argent public, agréée par l’Éducation nationale et recevant et conseillant des jeunes, qui assume « défendre la suppression totale du délai de recours à l’IVG » et « lutter pour l’allongement des délais de l’IVG », en visant un premier objectif d’allongement des délais à vingt-quatre semaines, soit six mois ! Nous, [GROUPE], voulons nous prémunir contre tous ces excès.L’IVG n’est jamais anodine, ni physiquement, ni moralement. Elle relève bien plus de la nécessité que d’un choix positif des femmes. La liberté réelle de ces dernières de disposer de leur corps ne réside pas dans la possibilité d’avorter à six, sept ou neuf mois…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357875",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357875"
   ],
   "order": 978,
   "text": "…mais bien en amont – dans la connaissance de leur corps et la maîtrise de leur contraception. Je ne connais pas une femme qui décide de gaieté de cœur de se faire avorter.Ici, à cette tribune, Simone Veil avait évoqué son genre – le fait d’être une femme devant une assemblée composée d’hommes – afin de mieux s’en extraire immédiatement et placer son discours dans le champ de la raison et de l’humanité.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 978,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357875",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "Ne5f6e7316a15",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…mais bien en amont – dans la connaissance de leur corps et la maîtrise de leur contraception. Je ne connais pas une femme qui décide de gaieté de cœur de se faire avorter.Ici, à cette tribune, Simone Veil avait évoqué son genre – le fait d’être une femme devant une assemblée composée d’hommes – afin de mieux s’en extraire immédiatement et placer son discours dans le champ de la raison et de l’humanité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357878",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357878"
   ],
   "order": 981,
   "text": "C’est ce qui a fait sa force et celle de sa loi, et qui a fait accepter cette dernière par une immense majorité de nos concitoyens. C’est ce que nous devons faire aujourd’hui en tant que constituants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 981,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357878",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N3d9d05ac3f07",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est ce qui a fait sa force et celle de sa loi, et qui a fait accepter cette dernière par une immense majorité de nos concitoyens. C’est ce que nous devons faire aujourd’hui en tant que constituants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE])"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357880",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357880"
   ],
   "order": 983,
   "text": "Ma seule préoccupation de constituante est de défendre les principes fondamentaux et les droits universels de tout être humain, que nous avons hérités de notre Constitution, d’éviter que l’un soit nié au profit de l’autre et de veiller à ce que chacun de ces droits soit préservé : la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG et le respect de la dignité de la vie humaine.Je voterai donc pour ce texte avec exigence, en préconisant un vote final au Sénat, qui me paraît bien plus protecteur de cet équilibre (Mêmes mouvements), en refusant toute forme d’instrumentalisation de ce droit et en exigeant que le Gouvernement mette ses actes en accord avec ses belles paroles, ce qui serait bien plus utile aux femmes, et rouvre des centres pratiquant des IVG.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 983,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357880",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 130,
   "annotation_id": "N8fa83721d408",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ma seule préoccupation de constituante est de défendre les principes fondamentaux et les droits universels de tout être humain, que nous avons hérités de notre Constitution, d’éviter que l’un soit nié au profit de l’autre et de veiller à ce que chacun de ces droits soit préservé : la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG et le respect de la dignité de la vie humaine.Je voterai donc pour ce texte avec exigence, en préconisant un vote final au Sénat, qui me paraît bien plus protecteur de cet équilibre (Mêmes mouvements), en refusant toute forme d’instrumentalisation de ce droit et en exigeant que le Gouvernement mette ses actes en accord avec ses belles paroles, ce qui serait bien plus utile aux femmes, et rouvre des centres pratiquant des IVG."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357883",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357883"
   ],
   "order": 986,
   "text": "Chez Les Républicains, nous respectons sur ces questions un principe fondamental : la liberté de conscience absolue et la liberté de vote de chacun de nos députés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 986,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357883",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N7f5864f57976",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Chez [GROUPE], nous respectons sur ces questions un principe fondamental : la liberté de conscience absolue et la liberté de vote de chacun de nos députés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant (Dem)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357886",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3357886"
   ],
   "order": 989,
   "text": "« La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Telle est la rédaction qui nous est soumise aujourd’hui pour ce vote solennel. Avec ces mots, que nous nous apprêtons à faire entrer dans la Constitution, nous avons rendez-vous avec l’histoire – celle de la construction de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, celle de nos mères et de nos grands-mères, celle de nos filles et de nos petites-filles.Cette rédaction est la plus aboutie qui soit – j’en suis convaincu. Elle est, sans nul doute possible, la plus protectrice pour toutes les femmes de ce pays. Fruit d’un équilibre entre les positions de notre assemblée et celles du Sénat, elle retient les mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » afin de ne laisser subsister aucune ambiguïté. Elle consacre l’existence d’une liberté, conformément à l’esprit de la loi de Simone Veil de 1975. Elle reconnaît le rôle du Parlement dans l’établissement des conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce cette liberté, garantie par la Constitution.Sous couvert d’une prétendue meilleure protection des femmes et de leurs intérêts, certains s’inquiètent qu’aucune limite ne soit explicitement mentionnée dans la Constitution. Sur ce point, je me contenterai de vous relire l’avis du Conseil d’État sur le projet de loi : « Il considère que cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites et dans le respect des principes mentionnés au point 8 » – la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine et la liberté de la femme – « sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel ».Ces derniers temps, la tendance est à la remise en cause de nos institutions. Arrêtons un instant ces postures purement politiques : considérons cette décision comme elle doit l’être et admettons que les parlementaires que nous sommes pourront bien fixer les limites juridiques de cette liberté. En votant ce texte, nous ne reviendrons toutefois jamais en arrière.À toutes celles et ceux qui estiment encore aujourd’hui que cette rédaction manque de ceci ou manque de cela, après les multiples débats que nous avons eus en commission des lois et en séance, à l’Assemblée nationale aussi bien qu’au Sénat et au cours desquels chacun a pu développer ses revendications et ses argumentaires, je dirai que le temps n’est plus à la casuistique.Prenons nos responsabilités et votons pour la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. Je comprends la volonté de certains de nos collègues d’inscrire également la contraception dans la Constitution, mais je ne pense pas qu’elle y ait sa place, d’autant que son intégration risquerait d’inciter le Sénat à ne pas adopter le texte conforme, nous privant de facto d’un vote du Congrès dans les prochains mois. Je les rejoins cependant sur un point essentiel : ces deux combats sont intimement liés. Les politiques publiques doivent garantir la bonne information relative à la contraception et en permettre l’accès à toutes les femmes souhaitant y avoir recours. Le groupe Démocrate sera vigilant sur ce point.« L’histoire nous montre que les grands débats qui ont divisé un moment les Français apparaissent avec le recul du temps comme une étape nécessaire à la formation d’un nouveau consensus social, qui s’inscrit dans la tradition de tolérance et de mesure de notre pays ». En ce jour historique, ces mots de Simone Veil résonnent vivement dans notre hémicycle.En mémoire de nos grands-mères, qui ont tant souffert de ne pas avoir ce droit, à qui la liberté de disposer de leur corps a tant manqué, et pour garantir demain ce droit à nos filles et à nos petites-filles, écrivons un nouveau chapitre dans l’histoire des droits des femmes. Le groupe Démocrate votera pour la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 989,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3357886",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 640,
   "annotation_id": "N865d9ef33a95",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "« La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Telle est la rédaction qui nous est soumise aujourd’hui pour ce vote solennel. Avec ces mots, que nous nous apprêtons à faire entrer dans la Constitution, nous avons rendez-vous avec l’histoire – celle de la construction de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, celle de nos mères et de nos grands-mères, celle de nos filles et de nos petites-filles.Cette rédaction est la plus aboutie qui soit – j’en suis convaincu. Elle est, sans nul doute possible, la plus protectrice pour toutes les femmes de ce pays. Fruit d’un équilibre entre les positions de notre assemblée et celles du Sénat, elle retient les mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » afin de ne laisser subsister aucune ambiguïté. Elle consacre l’existence d’une liberté, conformément à l’esprit de la loi de Simone Veil de 1975. Elle reconnaît le rôle du Parlement dans l’établissement des conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce cette liberté, garantie par la Constitution.Sous couvert d’une prétendue meilleure protection des femmes et de leurs intérêts, certains s’inquiètent qu’aucune limite ne soit explicitement mentionnée dans la Constitution. Sur ce point, je me contenterai de vous relire l’avis du Conseil d’État sur le projet de loi : « Il considère que cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites et dans le respect des principes mentionnés au point 8 » – la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine et la liberté de la femme – « sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel ».Ces derniers temps, la tendance est à la remise en cause de nos institutions. Arrêtons un instant ces postures purement politiques : considérons cette décision comme elle doit l’être et admettons que les parlementaires que nous sommes pourront bien fixer les limites juridiques de cette liberté. En votant ce texte, nous ne reviendrons toutefois jamais en arrière.À toutes celles et ceux qui estiment encore aujourd’hui que cette rédaction manque de ceci ou manque de cela, après les multiples débats que nous avons eus en commission des lois et en séance, à l’Assemblée nationale aussi bien qu’au Sénat et au cours desquels chacun a pu développer ses revendications et ses argumentaires, je dirai que le temps n’est plus à la casuistique.Prenons nos responsabilités et votons pour la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. Je comprends la volonté de certains de nos collègues d’inscrire également la contraception dans la Constitution, mais je ne pense pas qu’elle y ait sa place, d’autant que son intégration risquerait d’inciter le Sénat à ne pas adopter le texte conforme, nous privant de facto d’un vote du Congrès dans les prochains mois. Je les rejoins cependant sur un point essentiel : ces deux combats sont intimement liés. Les politiques publiques doivent garantir la bonne information relative à la contraception et en permettre l’accès à toutes les femmes souhaitant y avoir recours. Le groupe Démocrate sera vigilant sur ce point.« L’histoire nous montre que les grands débats qui ont divisé un moment les Français apparaissent avec le recul du temps comme une étape nécessaire à la formation d’un nouveau consensus social, qui s’inscrit dans la tradition de tolérance et de mesure de notre pays ». En ce jour historique, ces mots de Simone Veil résonnent vivement dans notre hémicycle.En mémoire de nos grands-mères, qui ont tant souffert de ne pas avoir ce droit, à qui la liberté de disposer de leur corps a tant manqué, et pour garantir demain ce droit à nos filles et à nos petites-filles, écrivons un nouveau chapitre dans l’histoire des droits des femmes. Le groupe Démocrate votera pour la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358198",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358198"
   ],
   "order": 998,
   "text": "Nous y sommes ! La semaine dernière, à cette même tribune, les orateurs se sont succédé pour dire leur intime conviction sur ce projet de loi constitutionnel relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Durant ces débats, nous avons pu réaffirmer notre fierté et notre engagement que soit gravé dans le marbre constitutionnel ce droit acquis de haute lutte. Nous avons aussi entendu, sur certains bancs, les soubresauts réactionnaires de ceux qui osent à peine dire le fond de leur pensée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 998,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358198",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N367272af4300",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous y sommes ! La semaine dernière, à cette même tribune, les orateurs se sont succédé pour dire leur intime conviction sur ce projet de loi constitutionnel relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Durant ces débats, nous avons pu réaffirmer notre fierté et notre engagement que soit gravé dans le marbre constitutionnel ce droit acquis de haute lutte. Nous avons aussi entendu, sur certains bancs, les soubresauts réactionnaires de ceux qui osent à peine dire le fond de leur pensée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358200",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358200"
   ],
   "order": 1000,
   "text": "Néanmoins, ce débat aura permis de montrer que la représentation nationale peut être à la hauteur des aspirations profondes autant que des préoccupations quotidiennes des Français. Être au rendez-vous de l’histoire n’est pas si aisé et demande tout à la fois la force des convictions, le temps de l’écoute, la fermeté des principes et la souplesse nécessaire aux compromis.Même s’il est imparfait, ce texte ouvre la voie, mobilise les consciences et marquera durablement l’histoire des droits des femmes, dans notre pays et bien au-delà. C’est un honneur de porter la parole du groupe Socialistes et apparentés et de contribuer, avec vous tous, à écrire une nouvelle page de notre histoire féministe ; une page qui s’ajoute aux nombreux chapitres rédigés par les associations et les mouvements féministes ; une page de la grande histoire, qui est avant tout une épreuve du quotidien, écrite par celles et ceux qui, loin des couloirs de l’Assemblée nationale, se battent pour faire de l’avortement un droit réel et effectif. Soyez remerciés pour le cap que vous avez su tenir malgré les vents contraires : cette victoire est la vôtre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1000,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358200",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 210,
   "annotation_id": "Nfea875121c84",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Néanmoins, ce débat aura permis de montrer que la représentation nationale peut être à la hauteur des aspirations profondes autant que des préoccupations quotidiennes des Français. Être au rendez-vous de l’histoire n’est pas si aisé et demande tout à la fois la force des convictions, le temps de l’écoute, la fermeté des principes et la souplesse nécessaire aux compromis.Même s’il est imparfait, ce texte ouvre la voie, mobilise les consciences et marquera durablement l’histoire des droits des femmes, dans notre pays et bien au-delà. C’est un honneur de porter la parole du groupe [GROUPE] et de contribuer, avec vous tous, à écrire une nouvelle page de notre histoire féministe ; une page qui s’ajoute aux nombreux chapitres rédigés par les associations et les mouvements féministes ; une page de la grande histoire, qui est avant tout une épreuve du quotidien, écrite par celles et ceux qui, loin des couloirs de l’Assemblée nationale, se battent pour faire de l’avortement un droit réel et effectif. Soyez remerciés pour le cap que vous avez su tenir malgré les vents contraires : cette victoire est la vôtre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358203",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358203"
   ],
   "order": 1003,
   "text": "C’est aussi un grand jour pour nous, socialistes, qui avons défendu plusieurs lois visant à renforcer et à protéger l’IVG. Merci à Cécile Untermaier, à Fatiha Keloua Hachi et à Laurence Rossignol, qui n’ont eu de cesse de se battre, comme moi, pour cette cause. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Mme Michèle Peyron applaudit également.)Ce résultat est aussi le fruit d’un travail collectif autour du texte de la présidente Mathilde Panot, adopté il y a quelques mois. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.) Je salue également mes collègues Elsa Faucillon et Marie-Charlotte Garin pour leur engagement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.) Enfin, je tiens à remercier le rapporteur Guillaume Gouffier Valente, qui mène ce combat depuis longtemps et sur lequel nous avons pu nous appuyer. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)Lors de mon intervention liminaire, je nous avais exhortés à faire triompher la vigilance. Celle, indispensable, que Simone de Beauvoir appelait de ses vœux pour défendre les droits des femmes, qui ne sont finalement jamais acquis. Le texte proposé est bien celui de la vigilance, notamment vis-à-vis de ceux qui prétendent que le droit à l’avortement n’est pas menacé en France.Oui, le droit à l’avortement peut être entravé chez nous, à l’image de ce qui se passe dans des pays où il semblait pourtant hors d’atteinte : la Pologne, la Hongrie et le Portugal, pour ne citer qu’eux.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1003,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358203",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 264,
   "annotation_id": "Nbdd80024af3b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est aussi un grand jour pour nous, socialistes, qui avons défendu plusieurs lois visant à renforcer et à protéger l’IVG. Merci à [PERSONNE], à [PERSONNE] et à [PERSONNE], qui n’ont eu de cesse de se battre, comme moi, pour cette cause. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Ce résultat est aussi le fruit d’un travail collectif autour du texte de la présidente [PERSONNE], adopté il y a quelques mois. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Je salue également mes collègues [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] pour leur engagement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Enfin, je tiens à remercier le rapporteur [PERSONNE], qui mène ce combat depuis longtemps et sur lequel nous avons pu nous appuyer. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)Lors de mon intervention liminaire, je nous avais exhortés à faire triompher la vigilance. Celle, indispensable, que Simone de Beauvoir appelait de ses vœux pour défendre les droits des femmes, qui ne sont finalement jamais acquis. Le texte proposé est bien celui de la vigilance, notamment vis-à-vis de ceux qui prétendent que le droit à l’avortement n’est pas menacé en France.Oui, le droit à l’avortement peut être entravé chez nous, à l’image de ce qui se passe dans des pays où il semblait pourtant hors d’atteinte : la Pologne, la Hongrie et le Portugal, pour ne citer qu’eux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358210",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358210"
   ],
   "order": 1008,
   "text": "Qui peut préjuger de ce qui pourrait advenir demain en France, alors que des propos particulièrement inquiétants ont été réitérés avec insistance de ce côté-ci de l’hémicycle ? (L’oratrice désigne les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1008,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358210",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Ne0e7cc8d7733",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Qui peut préjuger de ce qui pourrait advenir demain en France, alors que des propos particulièrement inquiétants ont été réitérés avec insistance de ce côté-ci de l’hémicycle ? (L’oratrice désigne les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358212",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358212"
   ],
   "order": 1010,
   "text": "Qui peut nier que les entraves que les mouvements antidroits dressent contre l’IVG prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses ?Oui, la constitutionnalisation conférera un niveau supérieur de protection juridique, en protégeant ce qu’une simple loi pourrait défaire demain. La loi des lois est la norme suprême qui fonde le socle des valeurs et fait la force d’une république indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale. Oui, la constitutionnalisation des droits reproductifs viendra renforcer la promesse d’égalité réelle en sanctuarisant la liberté des femmes à disposer librement de leurs corps.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1010,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358212",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "N1f22ea076e18",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Qui peut nier que les entraves que les mouvements antidroits dressent contre l’IVG prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses ?Oui, la constitutionnalisation conférera un niveau supérieur de protection juridique, en protégeant ce qu’une simple loi pourrait défaire demain. La loi des lois est la norme suprême qui fonde le socle des valeurs et fait la force d’une république indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale. Oui, la constitutionnalisation des droits reproductifs viendra renforcer la promesse d’égalité réelle en sanctuarisant la liberté des femmes à disposer librement de leurs corps."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358215",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358215"
   ],
   "order": 1013,
   "text": "Non, le droit à l’avortement ne bénéficie pas encore d’un niveau de protection juridique renforcé. Non, il ne jouit pas d’une protection constitutionnelle autonome. Non, il n’a jamais été consacré par le juge constitutionnel ni par le juge européen dans la catégorie des droits fondamentaux.Certes, ce texte est imparfait et la consécration de l’IVG aurait pu être plus forte, grâce à une rédaction plus ambitieuse. Nous aurions préféré inscrire à l’article unique un droit fondamental plutôt qu’une liberté garantie, et y mentionner l’accès à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.) Nous savons cependant que les victoires féministes ont toujours été le fruit de compromis, dès lors que l’on peut obtenir gain de cause sur l’essentiel.Parce qu’il est important de mettre sévèrement en échec ceux qui combattent les droits des femmes ; parce que des millions de femmes attendent un signal fort pour aujourd’hui et pour demain ; parce que partout dans le monde, la voie tracée par la France est suivie de près lorsqu’il s’agit de protéger des droits fondamentaux ; parce que nous avons les droits des femmes chevillés au corps ; enfin, parce que c’est juste et nécessaire, les députés du groupe Socialistes et apparentés voteront avec fierté ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, pour contribuer à faire de ce jour une grande victoire féministe. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1013,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358215",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 240,
   "annotation_id": "Nfb3109592e26",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Non, le droit à l’avortement ne bénéficie pas encore d’un niveau de protection juridique renforcé. Non, il ne jouit pas d’une protection constitutionnelle autonome. Non, il n’a jamais été consacré par le juge constitutionnel ni par le juge européen dans la catégorie des droits fondamentaux.Certes, ce texte est imparfait et la consécration de l’IVG aurait pu être plus forte, grâce à une rédaction plus ambitieuse. Nous aurions préféré inscrire à l’article unique un droit fondamental plutôt qu’une liberté garantie, et y mentionner l’accès à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous savons cependant que les victoires féministes ont toujours été le fruit de compromis, dès lors que l’on peut obtenir gain de cause sur l’essentiel.Parce qu’il est important de mettre sévèrement en échec ceux qui combattent les droits des femmes ; parce que des millions de femmes attendent un signal fort pour aujourd’hui et pour demain ; parce que partout dans le monde, la voie tracée par la France est suivie de près lorsqu’il s’agit de protéger des droits fondamentaux ; parce que nous avons les droits des femmes chevillés au corps ; enfin, parce que c’est juste et nécessaire, les députés du groupe [GROUPE] voteront avec fierté ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, pour contribuer à faire de ce jour une grande victoire féministe. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358220",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358220"
   ],
   "order": 1018,
   "text": "En ce 30 janvier 2024, nous, députés, représentants du peuple, devons nous prononcer en notre âme et conscience sur la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de la femme à recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Cette constitutionnalisation pose des questions légitimes auxquelles il nous faut répondre.La première est la suivante : est-il nécessaire d’inscrire cette liberté dans notre norme suprême, alors même qu’elle n’est pas structurellement menacée en France ? Oui, d’abord et avant tout parce que le jour où cette liberté sera réellement menacée, il sera trop tard. Anticiper les risques, c’est comme bâtir un rempart avant l’assaut.En outre, vous n’êtes pas sans savoir qu’assise sur une simple loi ordinaire, cette liberté est bien plus fragile qu’il n’y paraît : elle est réversible au gré de la composition de cet hémicycle. Comme le rappelle le Conseil d’État, elle ne fait l’objet d’aucune consécration en tant que telle, ni dans la Constitution, ni dans la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) et pas davantage dans le droit de l’Union européenne.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1018,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358220",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 170,
   "annotation_id": "Neb3013ca3432",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En ce 30 janvier 2024, nous, députés, représentants du peuple, devons nous prononcer en notre âme et conscience sur la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de la femme à recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Cette constitutionnalisation pose des questions légitimes auxquelles il nous faut répondre.La première est la suivante : est-il nécessaire d’inscrire cette liberté dans notre norme suprême, alors même qu’elle n’est pas structurellement menacée en France ? Oui, d’abord et avant tout parce que le jour où cette liberté sera réellement menacée, il sera trop tard. Anticiper les risques, c’est comme bâtir un rempart avant l’assaut.En outre, vous n’êtes pas sans savoir qu’assise sur une simple loi ordinaire, cette liberté est bien plus fragile qu’il n’y paraît : elle est réversible au gré de la composition de cet hémicycle. Comme le rappelle le Conseil d’État, elle ne fait l’objet d’aucune consécration en tant que telle, ni dans la Constitution, ni dans la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) et pas davantage dans le droit de l’Union européenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358224"
   ],
   "order": 1022,
   "text": "Or nous avons pu le constater aux États-Unis comme en Europe : ce que l’on pensait acquis dans nos sociétés modernes ne l’est jamais définitivement, surtout lorsque l’on parle des droits des femmes. Le temps est venu de consacrer à ce droit une valeur constitutionnelle autonome. Par cette constitutionnalisation, nous enverrons un message aux femmes de France et du monde entier : mesdames, votre liberté de choisir fait partie intégrante des valeurs fondamentales de notre pays. (Mme Delphine Batho applaudit.) Votre corps n’est pas un territoire à réguler, mais un espace sacré de libre arbitre et d’autodétermination.Une autre question s’est régulièrement invitée dans nos débats, à laquelle il est essentiel de répondre clairement : la consécration de cette liberté aura-t-elle pour conséquence la création d’une liberté inconditionnelle de recourir à l’IVG ? Pourrait-elle remettre en cause la clause de conscience des médecins ? La réponse est non.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1022,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358224",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "Nab5bc7f7410e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Or nous avons pu le constater aux États-Unis comme en Europe : ce que l’on pensait acquis dans nos sociétés modernes ne l’est jamais définitivement, surtout lorsque l’on parle des droits des femmes. Le temps est venu de consacrer à ce droit une valeur constitutionnelle autonome. Par cette constitutionnalisation, nous enverrons un message aux femmes de France et du monde entier : mesdames, votre liberté de choisir fait partie intégrante des valeurs fondamentales de notre pays. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Votre corps n’est pas un territoire à réguler, mais un espace sacré de libre arbitre et d’autodétermination.Une autre question s’est régulièrement invitée dans nos débats, à laquelle il est essentiel de répondre clairement : la consécration de cette liberté aura-t-elle pour conséquence la création d’une liberté inconditionnelle de recourir à l’IVG ? Pourrait-elle remettre en cause la clause de conscience des médecins ? La réponse est non."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358229",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358229"
   ],
   "order": 1027,
   "text": "Par exemple, à ceux qui s’inquiètent d’un éventuel déséquilibre entre les deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle que sont la liberté de la femme et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne contre toute forme de dégradation, je réponds que ce n’est nullement l’objectif de ce projet de loi.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1027,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358229",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "N874d3aace6a8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Par exemple, à ceux qui s’inquiètent d’un éventuel déséquilibre entre les deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle que sont la liberté de la femme et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne contre toute forme de dégradation, je réponds que ce n’est nullement l’objectif de ce projet de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358231",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358231"
   ],
   "order": 1029,
   "text": "Ce texte n’a qu’un seul but : encadrer l’office du législateur, afin qu’il ne puisse plus interdire tout recours à l’IVG ni en restreindre les conditions d’exercice de façon à priver cette liberté de toute portée. De la même manière, comme le dit très clairement le Conseil d’État,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1029,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358231",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N4c43db55f842",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte n’a qu’un seul but : encadrer l’office du législateur, afin qu’il ne puisse plus interdire tout recours à l’IVG ni en restreindre les conditions d’exercice de façon à priver cette liberté de toute portée. De la même manière, comme le dit très clairement le Conseil d’État,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358233",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358233"
   ],
   "order": 1031,
   "text": "…l’inscription dans la Constitution de la liberté de recourir à une IVG, dans les termes proposés par le Gouvernement, ne remet pas davantage en cause la liberté constitutionnelle de conscience, qui sous-tend la liberté des médecins et des sages-femmes de ne pas pratiquer une interruption volontaire de grossesse.Enfin, une question non moins essentielle met en lumière l’ensemble des interrogations que sous-tend cette constitutionnalisation : la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement est-elle la bonne ? Elle n’est probablement pas parfaite pour tout le monde, mais le consensus réside dans chacun de ses mots.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1031,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358233",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 92,
   "annotation_id": "Nf4eed2229cce",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…l’inscription dans la Constitution de la liberté de recourir à une IVG, dans les termes proposés par le Gouvernement, ne remet pas davantage en cause la liberté constitutionnelle de conscience, qui sous-tend la liberté des médecins et des sages-femmes de ne pas pratiquer une interruption volontaire de grossesse.Enfin, une question non moins essentielle met en lumière l’ensemble des interrogations que sous-tend cette constitutionnalisation : la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement est-elle la bonne ? Elle n’est probablement pas parfaite pour tout le monde, mais le consensus réside dans chacun de ses mots."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358236",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358236"
   ],
   "order": 1034,
   "text": "Elle est le fruit d’un travail de long terme mené par l’ensemble des parlementaires, députés comme sénateurs, qui se sont longuement interrogés sur la place de cette liberté dans la Constitution, sur la question de savoir s’il fallait consacrer un droit ou une liberté, sur le choix de chacun des mots pour s’assurer de donner sa pleine force au texte. À l’Assemblée comme au Sénat, les propositions de lois constitutionnelles ont été adoptées, preuve qu’un consensus existe.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1034,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358236",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "N3e6016ff0f2c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Elle est le fruit d’un travail de long terme mené par l’ensemble des parlementaires, députés comme sénateurs, qui se sont longuement interrogés sur la place de cette liberté dans la Constitution, sur la question de savoir s’il fallait consacrer un droit ou une liberté, sur le choix de chacun des mots pour s’assurer de donner sa pleine force au texte. À l’Assemblée comme au Sénat, les propositions de lois constitutionnelles ont été adoptées, preuve qu’un consensus existe."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358240",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358240"
   ],
   "order": 1038,
   "text": "Néanmoins, ce projet de loi ne peut et ne doit occulter la disparité dans l’accès réel à l’IVG et invite à encore plus de vigilance quant au déploiement des centres IVG. Parce qu’il consacre la liberté de la femme, la protection de ses choix et le rôle des représentants du peuple dans la fixation du cadre dans lequel cette liberté s’exerce, le groupe Horizons et apparentés votera en faveur de ce projet de loi avec force et conviction. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR et Dem, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1038,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358240",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 95,
   "annotation_id": "N632e675b8e52",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Néanmoins, ce projet de loi ne peut et ne doit occulter la disparité dans l’accès réel à l’IVG et invite à encore plus de vigilance quant au déploiement des centres IVG. Parce qu’il consacre la liberté de la femme, la protection de ses choix et le rôle des représentants du peuple dans la fixation du cadre dans lequel cette liberté s’exerce, le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de ce projet de loi avec force et conviction. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR et Dem, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358244",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358244"
   ],
   "order": 1042,
   "text": "De quoi le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution est-il le nom ? Dans les débats que nous avons eus ici, vous, à droite et à l’extrême droite, avez dit que le droit à l’IVG n’était pas en danger en France.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1042,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358244",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "Nc4260815847e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "De quoi le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution est-il le nom ? Dans les débats que nous avons eus ici, vous, [GROUPE] et à l’extrême droite, avez dit que le droit à l’IVG n’était pas en danger en France."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358248",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358248"
   ],
   "order": 1046,
   "text": "Vous avez surtout insisté sur le fait qu’une IVG était un drame. Mais ce que nous avons entendu, c’est qu’au fond, peut-être, vous souhaiteriez que cela en reste un – un drame. Vous avez évoqué l’accompagnement supposément nécessaire pour que les femmes soient sûres de faire le bon choix. Vous avez souvent employé le terme d’exception : cela doit rester « une exception », avez-vous dit.Je voudrais affirmer ici, tranquillement mais fermement, que tous ces mots contribuent insidieusement, souterrainement, aux atteintes à la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’IVG, car ils contribuent à laisser penser que d’autres solutions sont possibles – supposément meilleures.« Non tu n’as pas d’existence, tu n’es que ce qu’on en pense… » (L’oratrice chantonne à nouveau.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1046,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358248",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "N08abce09d49f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez surtout insisté sur le fait qu’une IVG était un drame. Mais ce que nous avons entendu, c’est qu’au fond, peut-être, vous souhaiteriez que cela en reste un – un drame. Vous avez évoqué l’accompagnement supposément nécessaire pour que les femmes soient sûres de faire le bon choix. Vous avez souvent employé le terme d’exception : cela doit rester « une exception », avez-vous dit.Je voudrais affirmer ici, tranquillement mais fermement, que tous ces mots contribuent insidieusement, souterrainement, aux atteintes à la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’IVG, car ils contribuent à laisser penser que d’autres solutions sont possibles – supposément meilleures.« Non tu n’as pas d’existence, tu n’es que ce qu’on en pense… » (L’oratrice chantonne à nouveau.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358419"
   ],
   "order": 1050,
   "text": "Les femmes n’ont pas besoin que l’IVG soit un drame pour y recourir. Elles ont ce droit et, en conscience, elles l’exercent. Les femmes n’ont pas à expliciter ou à justifier leur choix à une personne tierce, puisque ce choix leur appartient, absolument, intimement, effectivement. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.)Les femmes n’ont pas à voir leur parcours d’IVG compliqué par l’éloignement du centre de soins ou par la nécessité de conférer à cet acte un caractère exceptionnel. Lorsqu’une femme décide d’avorter, c’est à la société de s’adapter pour lui garantir ce droit.« Non, non, tu n’as pas de nom, oh non, tu n’es pas un être… » (Mêmes mouvements.)Intégrer le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, c’est passer de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme à celle des droits humains. C’est postuler que le masculin n’est pas le neutre et que la liberté se décline sur nos corps de manière différente. (Mêmes mouvements.)Oui, cette garantie doit nous être propre ; il ne s’agit pas d’une petite décision. Dans bien des endroits du monde, la France sera regardée et peut-être qu’ailleurs, ici ou là, des féministes d’autres parlements déposeront à leur tour une proposition de loi, se passant ainsi de femme en femme un témoin invisible.« Tu le deviendrais peut-être si je te donnais asile, si c’était moins difficile… »Nous aurions bien sûr préféré que la formulation du texte soit encore plus protectrice.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1050,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358419",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 236,
   "annotation_id": "Nfcfbabedc408",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les femmes n’ont pas besoin que l’IVG soit un drame pour y recourir. Elles ont ce droit et, en conscience, elles l’exercent. Les femmes n’ont pas à expliciter ou à justifier leur choix à une personne tierce, puisque ce choix leur appartient, absolument, intimement, effectivement. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Les femmes n’ont pas à voir leur parcours d’IVG compliqué par l’éloignement du centre de soins ou par la nécessité de conférer à cet acte un caractère exceptionnel. Lorsqu’une femme décide d’avorter, c’est à la société de s’adapter pour lui garantir ce droit.« Non, non, tu n’as pas de nom, oh non, tu n’es pas un être… » (Mêmes mouvements.)Intégrer le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, c’est passer de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme à celle des droits humains. C’est postuler que le masculin n’est pas le neutre et que la liberté se décline sur nos corps de manière différente. (Mêmes mouvements.)Oui, cette garantie doit nous être propre ; il ne s’agit pas d’une petite décision. Dans bien des endroits du monde, la France sera regardée et peut-être qu’ailleurs, ici ou là, des féministes d’autres parlements déposeront à leur tour une proposition de loi, se passant ainsi de femme en femme un témoin invisible.« Tu le deviendrais peut-être si je te donnais asile, si c’était moins difficile… »Nous aurions bien sûr préféré que la formulation du texte soit encore plus protectrice."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358427",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358427"
   ],
   "order": 1058,
   "text": "Nous aurions aimé que le projet de loi intègre la notion de droit et non seulement celle de recours. Nous aurions aimé que la loi évoque la contraception, ce qui aurait déplacé le débat de la question de l’IVG stricto sensu à celle, plus générale, du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. Nous aurions aimé que les personnes transgenres…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1058,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358427",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "Nada944f18222",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous aurions aimé que le projet de loi intègre la notion de droit et non seulement celle de recours. Nous aurions aimé que la loi évoque la contraception, ce qui aurait déplacé le débat de la question de l’IVG stricto sensu à celle, plus générale, du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. Nous aurions aimé que les personnes transgenres…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358429",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358429"
   ],
   "order": 1060,
   "text": "…soient mieux incluses dans la formulation finalement retenue. Quoi qu’il en soit, ce projet de loi marque une première étape.Merci à Mélanie Vogel et à Mathilde Panot pour leurs textes initiaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.)« S’il me suffisait d’attendre de voir mon ventre se tendre… »Impossible de clore ce débat sur l’IVG sans saluer l’action historique, ancienne et constante, des associations féministes, au premier rang desquelles le MLF et le Mouvement français pour le planning familial – vous savez, cette grande et vieille association que des militantes du droit des femmes ont créée, fait vivre et développé depuis 1960, ce planning installé partout, qui dispense des conseils et donne accès aux soins.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1060,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358429",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 117,
   "annotation_id": "N634680b41dae",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…soient mieux incluses dans la formulation finalement retenue. Quoi qu’il en soit, ce projet de loi marque une première étape.Merci à [PERSONNE] et à [PERSONNE] pour leurs textes initiaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)« S’il me suffisait d’attendre de voir mon ventre se tendre… »Impossible de clore ce débat sur l’IVG sans saluer l’action historique, ancienne et constante, des associations féministes, au premier rang desquelles le MLF et le Mouvement français pour le planning familial – vous savez, cette grande et vieille association que des militantes du droit des femmes ont créée, fait vivre et développé depuis 1960, ce planning installé partout, qui dispense des conseils et donne accès aux soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358436"
   ],
   "order": 1067,
   "text": "…et dont les subventions sont discrètement supprimées par des élus de droite dès qu’ils en ont l’occasion ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)Impossible de terminer ce débat sans saluer ces médecins et ces figures de la lutte – avocates, femmes politiques, philosophes, artistes – qu’il est difficile de toutes citer.« Si ce n’était pas un piège ou quel douteux sortilège ; non, non, tu n’as pas de nom. » Ces vers sont ceux d’Anne Sylvestre et me donnent l’occasion de remercier les féministes des vagues précédentes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1067,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358436",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 95,
   "annotation_id": "Nbd5043c4226d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et dont les subventions sont discrètement supprimées par des élus de droite dès qu’ils en ont l’occasion ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Impossible de terminer ce débat sans saluer ces médecins et ces figures de la lutte – avocates, femmes politiques, philosophes, artistes – qu’il est difficile de toutes citer.« Si ce n’était pas un piège ou quel douteux sortilège ; non, non, tu n’as pas de nom. » Ces vers sont ceux d’Anne Sylvestre et me donnent l’occasion de remercier les féministes des vagues précédentes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358441",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358441"
   ],
   "order": 1071,
   "text": "Celles, les suffragettes, qui ont été gavées – et certaines en sont mortes ! – alors qu’elles demandaient simplement le droit de vote ! (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.) Celles aussi qui se sont battues pour le droit à la contraception et à l’IVG, pour le droit à n’être pas réduites au fait d’enfanter et à ne pas devoir réarmer quoi que ce soit ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Vives exclamations sur les bancs des groupes RN et LR.) Enfin, celles – vous, mes sœurs – qui aujourd’hui portent si haut les couleurs du mouvement #MeToo !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1071,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358441",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N635653897d41",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Celles, les suffragettes, qui ont été gavées – et certaines en sont mortes ! – alors qu’elles demandaient simplement le droit de vote ! (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Celles aussi qui se sont battues pour le droit à la contraception et à l’IVG, pour le droit à n’être pas réduites au fait d’enfanter et à ne pas devoir réarmer quoi que ce soit ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Vives exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Enfin, celles – vous, mes sœurs – qui aujourd’hui portent si haut les couleurs du mouvement #MeToo !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358447",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358447"
   ],
   "order": 1077,
   "text": "Alors, que le combat continue ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Huées sur les bancs du groupe RN et sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.) Nous, écologistes, voterons pour ce texte !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1077,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358447",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N47205e8a3d6c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Alors, que le combat continue ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Huées sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous, écologistes, voterons pour ce texte !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720838",
   "speaker": "Soumya Bourouaha",
   "quality": "Mme Soumya Bourouaha (GDR-NUPES)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358450",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358450"
   ],
   "order": 1079,
   "text": "Ne jamais baisser la garde ; ne jamais penser que les droits que nous avons si durement acquis nous seront toujours assurés. Oui, le combat pour le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps est plus que jamais d’actualité dans notre pays.Il suffit d’ailleurs de mesurer les moyens déployés par les opposants à l’IVG pour comprendre que le débat n’est pas terminé. Encore aujourd’hui, ce sont les mêmes qui s’opposent à l’éducation à la sexualité et à la vie affective, les mêmes qui subventionnent des plateformes de désinformation sur la contraception et l’avortement, les mêmes qui culpabilisent les femmes pour qu’elles renoncent à avorter.Le projet de loi sur lequel nous nous prononcerons ce soir est présenté dans un contexte particulier : les droits de millions de femmes dans le monde sont en recul. Nous ne pouvons pas baisser la garde !Ce soir, nous pouvons inscrire un droit fondamental dans notre Constitution, qui garantira aux femmes la liberté d’avoir recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Un vote favorable ferait de la France l’un des premiers pays au monde à protéger ce droit aussi fermement et je serai fière de cette avancée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)Pour le groupe GDR et moi-même, ce vote est tout sauf anecdotique. Il s’inscrit dans la continuité d’un long combat féministe et je voudrais rendre ici hommage à ces femmes, à ces militantes et à ces associations qui se sont battues pour l’accès libre à la contraception et pour la légalisation de l’avortement ; j’en profite pour les applaudir.Depuis près de cinquante ans, avorter n’est plus un crime. En 1974, Simone Veil prenait la parole dans cet hémicycle pour défendre un projet de loi qu’elle qualifiait de « solution à la fois réaliste, humaine et juste » pour répondre à la souffrance des femmes qui avortaient clandestinement. Grâce à elle, enfin, nous avions le choix.Si cela fait près de cinquante ans que les femmes ne meurent plus en avortant, c’est parce que la loi les protège. Plusieurs générations de femmes ont souffert de ne pas avoir ce choix. Plusieurs générations de femmes sont mortes parce qu’elles voulaient faire le choix de ne pas enfanter, de ne pas devenir mères. Malheureusement, nous constatons bien que ce droit est toujours remis en cause par celles et ceux qui n’accorderont jamais de nouveaux droits aux femmes. Ce droit est remis en question par celles et ceux qui ont une vision conservatrice de la femme dans notre société.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1079,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358450",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 414,
   "annotation_id": "N9a65113377ca",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ne jamais baisser la garde ; ne jamais penser que les droits que nous avons si durement acquis nous seront toujours assurés. Oui, le combat pour le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps est plus que jamais d’actualité dans notre pays.Il suffit d’ailleurs de mesurer les moyens déployés par les opposants à l’IVG pour comprendre que le débat n’est pas terminé. Encore aujourd’hui, ce sont les mêmes qui s’opposent à l’éducation à la sexualité et à la vie affective, les mêmes qui subventionnent des plateformes de désinformation sur la contraception et l’avortement, les mêmes qui culpabilisent les femmes pour qu’elles renoncent à avorter.Le projet de loi sur lequel nous nous prononcerons ce soir est présenté dans un contexte particulier : les droits de millions de femmes dans le monde sont en recul. Nous ne pouvons pas baisser la garde !Ce soir, nous pouvons inscrire un droit fondamental dans notre Constitution, qui garantira aux femmes la liberté d’avoir recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Un vote favorable ferait de la France l’un des premiers pays au monde à protéger ce droit aussi fermement et je serai fière de cette avancée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Pour le groupe [GROUPE] et moi-même, ce vote est tout sauf anecdotique. Il s’inscrit dans la continuité d’un long combat féministe et je voudrais rendre ici hommage à ces femmes, à ces militantes et à ces associations qui se sont battues pour l’accès libre à la contraception et pour la légalisation de l’avortement ; j’en profite pour les applaudir.Depuis près de cinquante ans, avorter n’est plus un crime. En 1974, Simone Veil prenait la parole dans cet hémicycle pour défendre un projet de loi qu’elle qualifiait de « solution à la fois réaliste, humaine et juste » pour répondre à la souffrance des femmes qui avortaient clandestinement. Grâce à elle, enfin, nous avions le choix.Si cela fait près de cinquante ans que les femmes ne meurent plus en avortant, c’est parce que la loi les protège. Plusieurs générations de femmes ont souffert de ne pas avoir ce choix. Plusieurs générations de femmes sont mortes parce qu’elles voulaient faire le choix de ne pas enfanter, de ne pas devenir mères. Malheureusement, nous constatons bien que ce droit est toujours remis en cause par celles et ceux qui n’accorderont jamais de nouveaux droits aux femmes. Ce droit est remis en question par celles et ceux qui ont une vision conservatrice de la femme dans notre société."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720838",
   "speaker": "Soumya Bourouaha",
   "quality": "Mme Soumya Bourouaha",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358458"
   ],
   "order": 1087,
   "text": "Aux États-Unis, il a suffi d’un arrêt de la Cour suprême pour que le droit à l’avortement soit remis en cause et que quatorze États l’interdisent. Plus près de nous, en Pologne et en Hongrie, l’extrême droite au pouvoir s’en prend violemment aux droits des femmes. Ces exemples démontrent bien le danger que de telles décisions représentent, y compris en France. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous ne voulons pas attendre que ce risque se transforme en réalité pour agir : nous ne voulons pas que ce droit si durement acquis soit confisqué.Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est une nécessité. Cela étant, il faut garantir partout en France le droit effectif à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, en y consacrant les moyens nécessaires.Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle pose problème à ceux qui ne défendront jamais le droit à l’avortement et qui ne garantiront jamais aux femmes leur indépendance. Le combat du groupe GDR pour les droits des femmes s’inscrit dans la lignée des grandes luttes féministes d’hier, d’aujourd’hui et de demain. Parce que jamais nous ne baisserons la garde, nous voterons pour ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1087,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358458",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 197,
   "annotation_id": "N1605219d1f67",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Aux États-Unis, il a suffi d’un arrêt de la Cour suprême pour que le droit à l’avortement soit remis en cause et que quatorze États l’interdisent. Plus près de nous, en Pologne et en Hongrie, l’extrême droite au pouvoir s’en prend violemment aux droits des femmes. Ces exemples démontrent bien le danger que de telles décisions représentent, y compris en France. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous ne voulons pas attendre que ce risque se transforme en réalité pour agir : nous ne voulons pas que ce droit si durement acquis soit confisqué.Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est une nécessité. Cela étant, il faut garantir partout en France le droit effectif à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, en y consacrant les moyens nécessaires.Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle pose problème à ceux qui ne défendront jamais le droit à l’avortement et qui ne garantiront jamais aux femmes leur indépendance. Le combat du groupe [GROUPE] pour les droits des femmes s’inscrit dans la lignée des grandes luttes féministes d’hier, d’aujourd’hui et de demain. Parce que jamais nous ne baisserons la garde, nous voterons pour ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109",
   "date": "2024-01-30",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28031",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 30 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65504977e5faed0aa868212148738945da7567b65583678b86d71a700ef25dba",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358486",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3358486"
   ],
   "order": 1098,
   "text": "…l’Assemblée nationale et le Gouvernement n’ont pas manqué leur rendez-vous avec l’histoire des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.) L’Assemblée nationale et le Gouvernement n’ont pas manqué leur rendez-vous avec l’histoire tout court. (Plusieurs députées des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES continuent de fredonner en chœur. – Vives exclamations sur les bancs des groupes RN et LR.)Je vais à présent m’atteler à porter le message qui est le vôtre au Sénat. Je vais convaincre le Sénat, avec détermination, humilité et le respect dû à toutes les consciences, que cette réforme est juste et utile. Je m’attellerai à convaincre le Sénat que cette réforme, nous la devons à toutes les femmes du pays et qu’il est grand temps, en 2024, d’inscrire dans la Constitution que la liberté d’avorter est une liberté fondamentale et que les femmes peuvent disposer comme elles l’entendent de leur corps. (Les députés des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES, Dem, SOC, HOR, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES se lèvent et applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1098,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N109-3358486",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "Nb4dc8b84381e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…l’Assemblée nationale et le Gouvernement n’ont pas manqué leur rendez-vous avec l’histoire des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.) L’Assemblée nationale et le Gouvernement n’ont pas manqué leur rendez-vous avec l’histoire tout court. (Plusieurs députées des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE] continuent de fredonner en chœur. – Vives exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Je vais à présent m’atteler à porter le message qui est le vôtre au Sénat. Je vais convaincre le Sénat, avec détermination, humilité et le respect dû à toutes les consciences, que cette réforme est juste et utile. Je m’attellerai à convaincre le Sénat que cette réforme, nous la devons à toutes les femmes du pays et qu’il est grand temps, en 2024, d’inscrire dans la Constitution que la liberté d’avorter est une liberté fondamentale et que les femmes peuvent disposer comme elles l’entendent de leur corps. (Les députés des groupes RE, [GROUPE], Dem, [GROUPE], HOR, Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "97849cab961a7d259e8968f28686dcf9497f89b2b47fd1afcf07a500f46d9e7e",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3382774",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382774"
   ],
   "order": 688,
   "text": "Le chlordécone est un insecticide de la famille des organophosphorés qui a été utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Cela fait trente ans que ce pesticide a été définitivement interdit sur le territoire national. Pourtant, d’après les données de Santé publique France, on le retrouve encore dans le sang de plus de 90 % de la population antillaise. Rémanent et permanent, le chlordécone est une véritable bombe sanitaire, dont on ne connaît pas encore toutes les conséquences. Il a pollué l’ensemble des sols et des nappes d’eau de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, contaminant les produits de l’agriculture et de l’élevage, les poissons, l’eau potable. Les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais ont été contaminés par le passé, le sont encore aujourd’hui et continueront à l’être demain.Ce ne serait pas si grave si le chlordécone n’était pas un produit d’une très grande toxicité – une toxicité connue depuis les années 1970 et le scandale du Kepone, aux États-Unis,…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 688,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3382774",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 162,
   "annotation_id": "Nc60d9479fdfe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le chlordécone est un insecticide de la famille des organophosphorés qui a été utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Cela fait trente ans que ce pesticide a été définitivement interdit sur le territoire national. Pourtant, d’après les données de Santé publique France, on le retrouve encore dans le sang de plus de 90 % de la population antillaise. Rémanent et permanent, le chlordécone est une véritable bombe sanitaire, dont on ne connaît pas encore toutes les conséquences. Il a pollué l’ensemble des sols et des nappes d’eau de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, contaminant les produits de l’agriculture et de l’élevage, les poissons, l’eau potable. Les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais ont été contaminés par le passé, le sont encore aujourd’hui et continueront à l’être demain.Ce ne serait pas si grave si le chlordécone n’était pas un produit d’une très grande toxicité – une toxicité connue depuis les années 1970 et le scandale du Kepone, aux États-Unis,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_sha256": "97849cab961a7d259e8968f28686dcf9497f89b2b47fd1afcf07a500f46d9e7e",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3382777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382777"
   ],
   "order": 691,
   "text": "…où il avait déclenché des tremblements, des difficultés respiratoires et des atteintes neurologiques et testiculaires chez les ouvriers de l’usine qui le produisait. Les États-Unis ont alors interdit ce pesticide et indemnisé les victimes.Ce qui est plus préoccupant encore, c’est que le chlordécone est également toxique à faible dose. C’est un perturbateur endocrinien et une substance cancérogène. L’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) a identifié un lien avec le cancer de la prostate chez les hommes et, plus grave encore, avec les troubles du neurodéveloppement et du développement statuto-pondéral chez les enfants. La jeunesse antillaise est menacée ; ce sont les générations futures de Martiniquais et de Guadeloupéens qui, par la voie des modifications épigénétiques, sont condamnées à payer un lourd tribut.Lors des auditions que nous avons menées, on nous a confirmé que le chlordécone, reprotoxique, pouvait provoquer de nombreuses maladies hormono-induites et que l’exposition des femmes enceintes était significativement corrélée à un risque accru de prématurité.Nous sommes donc devant un scandale à grande échelle : un scandale sanitaire, mais aussi un scandale économique, car la contamination au chlordécone empêche désormais les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens de produire ce qu’ils veulent sur leurs terres. L’aquaculture a sombré, les pêcheurs doivent s’équiper pour pêcher au large ou cesser leur activité, car les littoraux sont contaminés ; les éleveurs sont censés mettre leurs animaux en quarantaine pendant des semaines, voire des mois, pour les décontaminer avant de les vendre ; l’eau de source est déclassée, et les traitements au charbon actif qui permettent de la rendre potable en augmentent le prix. Le manque à gagner est colossal pour ces territoires et leur population, et l’ONU parle même de terres sacrifiées.Face à ces préjudices, la responsabilité de l’État ne fait pas débat – j’insiste sur ce point : elle a été reconnue par le Président de la République en 2018, ainsi que par la justice, qui a pointé les « négligences fautives » de l’État. Cette responsabilité a été longuement étayée dans le rapport de la commission d’enquête parlementaire sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et du paraquat conduite en 2019 par Serge Letchimy. Je me bornerai ici à rappeler quelques faits incontestables – et, à ma connaissance, incontestés.En 1972, le ministère de l’agriculture a fait le choix de recourir à une procédure dérogatoire pour autoriser l’utilisation du chlordécone dans les Antilles, ce qui lui a permis d’en retarder l’homologation jusqu’en 1986. Je rappelle qu’à cette date, les États-Unis l’avaient déjà interdit depuis dix ans ! En 1990, il est interdit dans l’ensemble du territoire national, mais, tenez-vous bien, son utilisation s’est poursuivie jusqu’en décembre 1993 dans les Antilles, toujours grâce à des dérogations, au motif d’écouler les stocks – le tout au mépris de la décision de retrait du chlordécone formulée dès le 1er janvier 1990 par le comité d’homologation. Il faudra ensuite attendre 1999 pour que l’État se préoccupe de la présence de chlordécone dans les captages pour l’alimentation en eau potable, et ce n’est que neuf ans plus tard – neuf ans ! –, en 2008, que les premières mesures de protection de la population sont prises, avec la fermeture de certains captages. Ces faits sont incontestables, ils ont été établis dans de nombreux rapports.La proposition de loi que je défends devant vous aujourd’hui vise donc à reconnaître officiellement la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, environnementaux et économiques liés à la mise sur le marché et à l’utilisation du chlordécone.En 2018, le Président de la République a reconnu un « aveuglement collectif » et la nécessité « d’avancer sur le chemin de la réparation ». Il appartient aujourd’hui à la République de réparer ce scandale, cette injustice, car la République, c’est bien la rupture avec l’injustice et le combat pour l’égalité. (M. Arthur Delaporte applaudit.) Cette réparation passe par la recherche scientifique, par la dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et par l’indemnisation des victimes.Forte de la reconnaissance symbolique de la souffrance des Antillais – en politique, les symboles comptent –, cette proposition de loi vise à reconnaître la faute commise par l’État, qui a autorisé pendant plus de vingt ans l’utilisation à grande échelle de ce pesticide, et cela en dépit des nombreuses alertes sanitaires et environnementales, et à inscrire dans la loi l’engagement de l’État à réparer les préjudices qui en découlent pour qu’il ne dépende pas des fluctuations de la vie politique. Aujourd’hui, nous avons le plan Chlordécone IV, mais qu’en sera-t-il demain ? Or la pollution, elle, est bien là, et durable. Ce texte est une main tendue à la population de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, qui est aujourd’hui fataliste : elle se pense condamnée et n’a plus confiance en l’État.Mes chers collègues, je pense sincèrement que nous pouvons trouver un consensus autour de ce texte aussi pondéré dans sa formulation que volontairement synthétique. Pour entrer dans un véritable processus de réparation, l’État doit reconnaître qu’il s’est trompé, comme il l’a fait avec la loi du 23 février 2022, dans laquelle il reconnaît sa responsabilité dans les préjudices subis par les harkis. Je répète qu’il s’agit non pas de minimiser ce qui a été fait à travers le plan Chlordécone, mais de ne plus nier les conséquences du chlordécone en outre-mer : toucher les territoires ultramarins, c’est toucher le cœur de la République. Or ces territoires souffrent, et nous devons être unis.Pourtant, par la voix de la présidente de la commission des affaires sociales et par celle de notre collègue Maud Petit, la majorité a choisi de vider cette démarche de son sens en déposant des amendements de réécriture globale qui dénaturent profondément la proposition de loi et ne font que renforcer la défiance de la population.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 691,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3382777",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 947,
   "annotation_id": "N98a2a7afecc1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABEJLMPQRSTV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…où il avait déclenché des tremblements, des difficultés respiratoires et des atteintes neurologiques et testiculaires chez les ouvriers de l’usine qui le produisait. Les États-Unis ont alors interdit ce pesticide et indemnisé les victimes.Ce qui est plus préoccupant encore, c’est que le chlordécone est également toxique à faible dose. C’est un perturbateur endocrinien et une substance cancérogène. L’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) a identifié un lien avec le cancer de la prostate chez les hommes et, plus grave encore, avec les troubles du neurodéveloppement et du développement statuto-pondéral chez les enfants. La jeunesse antillaise est menacée ; ce sont les générations futures de Martiniquais et de Guadeloupéens qui, par la voie des modifications épigénétiques, sont condamnées à payer un lourd tribut.Lors des auditions que nous avons menées, on nous a confirmé que le chlordécone, reprotoxique, pouvait provoquer de nombreuses maladies hormono-induites et que l’exposition des femmes enceintes était significativement corrélée à un risque accru de prématurité.Nous sommes donc devant un scandale à grande échelle : un scandale sanitaire, mais aussi un scandale économique, car la contamination au chlordécone empêche désormais les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens de produire ce qu’ils veulent sur leurs terres. L’aquaculture a sombré, les pêcheurs doivent s’équiper pour pêcher au large ou cesser leur activité, car les littoraux sont contaminés ; les éleveurs sont censés mettre leurs animaux en quarantaine pendant des semaines, voire des mois, pour les décontaminer avant de les vendre ; l’eau de source est déclassée, et les traitements au charbon actif qui permettent de la rendre potable en augmentent le prix. Le manque à gagner est colossal pour ces territoires et leur population, et l’ONU parle même de terres sacrifiées.Face à ces préjudices, la responsabilité de l’État ne fait pas débat – j’insiste sur ce point : elle a été reconnue par le Président de la République en 2018, ainsi que par la justice, qui a pointé les « négligences fautives » de l’État. Cette responsabilité a été longuement étayée dans le rapport de la commission d’enquête parlementaire sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et du paraquat conduite en 2019 par [PERSONNE]. Je me bornerai ici à rappeler quelques faits incontestables – et, à ma connaissance, incontestés.En 1972, le ministère de l’agriculture a fait le choix de recourir à une procédure dérogatoire pour autoriser l’utilisation du chlordécone dans les Antilles, ce qui lui a permis d’en retarder l’homologation jusqu’en 1986. Je rappelle qu’à cette date, les États-Unis l’avaient déjà interdit depuis dix ans ! En 1990, il est interdit dans l’ensemble du territoire national, mais, tenez-vous bien, son utilisation s’est poursuivie jusqu’en décembre 1993 dans les Antilles, toujours grâce à des dérogations, au motif d’écouler les stocks – le tout au mépris de la décision de retrait du chlordécone formulée dès le 1er janvier 1990 par le comité d’homologation. Il faudra ensuite attendre 1999 pour que l’État se préoccupe de la présence de chlordécone dans les captages pour l’alimentation en eau potable, et ce n’est que neuf ans plus tard – neuf ans ! –, en 2008, que les premières mesures de protection de la population sont prises, avec la fermeture de certains captages. Ces faits sont incontestables, ils ont été établis dans de nombreux rapports.La proposition de loi que je défends devant vous aujourd’hui vise donc à reconnaître officiellement la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, environnementaux et économiques liés à la mise sur le marché et à l’utilisation du chlordécone.En 2018, le Président de la République a reconnu un « aveuglement collectif » et la nécessité « d’avancer sur le chemin de la réparation ». Il appartient aujourd’hui à la République de réparer ce scandale, cette injustice, car la République, c’est bien la rupture avec l’injustice et le combat pour l’égalité. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Cette réparation passe par la recherche scientifique, par la dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et par l’indemnisation des victimes.Forte de la reconnaissance symbolique de la souffrance des Antillais – en politique, les symboles comptent –, cette proposition de loi vise à reconnaître la faute commise par l’État, qui a autorisé pendant plus de vingt ans l’utilisation à grande échelle de ce pesticide, et cela en dépit des nombreuses alertes sanitaires et environnementales, et à inscrire dans la loi l’engagement de l’État à réparer les préjudices qui en découlent pour qu’il ne dépende pas des fluctuations de la vie politique. Aujourd’hui, nous avons le plan Chlordécone IV, mais qu’en sera-t-il demain ? Or la pollution, elle, est bien là, et durable. Ce texte est une main tendue à la population de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, qui est aujourd’hui fataliste : elle se pense condamnée et n’a plus confiance en l’État.Mes chers collègues, je pense sincèrement que nous pouvons trouver un consensus autour de ce texte aussi pondéré dans sa formulation que volontairement synthétique. Pour entrer dans un véritable processus de réparation, l’État doit reconnaître qu’il s’est trompé, comme il l’a fait avec la loi du 23 février 2022, dans laquelle il reconnaît sa responsabilité dans les préjudices subis par les harkis. Je répète qu’il s’agit non pas de minimiser ce qui a été fait à travers le plan Chlordécone, mais de ne plus nier les conséquences du chlordécone en outre-mer : toucher les territoires ultramarins, c’est toucher le cœur de la République. Or ces territoires souffrent, et nous devons être unis.Pourtant, par la voix de la présidente de la commission des affaires sociales et par celle de notre collègue [PERSONNE], la majorité a choisi de vider cette démarche de son sens en déposant des amendements de réécriture globale qui dénaturent profondément la proposition de loi et ne font que renforcer la défiance de la population."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
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   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3382788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 705,
   "text": "Cependant, la responsabilité de l’État est première et incontestable (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et LFI-NUPES), car le législateur lui avait imposé, dans des lois de 1949 et 1972, de n’autoriser la mise sur le marché que des produits dont l’innocuité à l’égard de la santé publique, des utilisateurs, des cultures et des animaux était garantie.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
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   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N23c597e3a011",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cependant, la responsabilité de l’État est première et incontestable (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]), car le législateur lui avait imposé, dans des lois de 1949 et 1972, de n’autoriser la mise sur le marché que des produits dont l’innocuité à l’égard de la santé publique, des utilisateurs, des cultures et des animaux était garantie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
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   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3382790",
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   "order": 707,
   "text": "Convenez avec moi que cette responsabilité n’a pas été confiée aux producteurs de bananes, ni aux entreprises phytopharmaceutiques. L’État, c’est un fait, est en permanence soumis à la pression des lobbys.Pour conclure, mes chers collègues, je vous invite vraiment à réfléchir à la manière dont notre vote sera perçu par les 800 000 Français de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Ils attendent la justice républicaine. Gardons-nous, en adoptant un amendement de réécriture, de dire aux Antillais qu’on a assez fait pour eux, qu’on n’a pas l’intention d’aller plus loin et qu’ils peuvent s’estimer heureux. Ce serait un mauvais signal.Mes chers collègues, l’engagement que je vous demande de prendre ne doit pas être vu autrement que comme la réalisation de notre promesse républicaine. Face à cette injustice environnementale, nous avons le devoir de réagir en législateurs libres des contingences de majorité et d’opposition. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES, GDR-NUPES et LIOT, ainsi que sur certains bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 707,
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   "direct": false,
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   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 161,
   "annotation_id": "Ncd66787d6182",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Convenez avec moi que cette responsabilité n’a pas été confiée aux producteurs de bananes, ni aux entreprises phytopharmaceutiques. L’État, c’est un fait, est en permanence soumis à la pression des lobbys.Pour conclure, mes chers collègues, je vous invite vraiment à réfléchir à la manière dont notre vote sera perçu par les 800 000 Français de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Ils attendent la justice républicaine. Gardons-nous, en adoptant un amendement de réécriture, de dire aux Antillais qu’on a assez fait pour eux, qu’on n’a pas l’intention d’aller plus loin et qu’ils peuvent s’estimer heureux. Ce serait un mauvais signal.Mes chers collègues, l’engagement que je vous demande de prendre ne doit pas être vu autrement que comme la réalisation de notre promesse républicaine. Face à cette injustice environnementale, nous avons le devoir de réagir en législateurs libres des contingences de majorité et d’opposition. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et LIOT, ainsi que sur certains bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée chargée des outre-mer",
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   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383035",
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   "order": 711,
   "text": "Pour pouvoir se projeter dans l’avenir avec confiance, encore faut-il savoir regarder le passé avec lucidité. C’est l’honneur d’une nation et, en tant que responsables politiques, c’est ce que nous devons à nos concitoyens. Les hasards du calendrier auront voulu que ma première expression devant la représentation nationale depuis ma nomination comme ministre déléguée chargée des outre-mer porte sur le chlordécone, un drame qui touche directement ou indirectement tous les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais.J’en mesure évidemment la gravité. Comme chacun ici, j’ai conscience des attentes légitimes et des vives émotions que soulève le chlordécone. La lutte contre ses effets constitue un enjeu environnemental, sanitaire, agricole, économique et social pour les Antilles. Je peux vous assurer que le Gouvernement, que je représente avec mon collègue Frédéric Valletoux, ministre délégué chargé de la santé et de la prévention – qui nous rejoindra ultérieurement –, est pleinement mobilisé pour lutter contre cette pollution ; il le fait sous l’impulsion du Président de la République, qui est le premier à avoir reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État lors de son discours au Morne-Rouge en septembre 2018 et à avoir dénoncé, comme vous, monsieur le rapporteur, ce scandale sanitaire.Je veux remercier le rapporteur, M. Elie Califer, dont la proposition de loi porte devant la représentation nationale un sujet si important et me permet de rappeler les engagements du Président de la République ainsi que les actions menées par le Gouvernement.Nous avons un credo, la réparation par l’action, et un objectif : nous rapprocher chaque jour un peu plus du zéro chlordécone. Trois impératifs animent notre action : informer, protéger et réparer les préjudices liés à la contamination, grâce à une quarantaine d’actions dans tous les secteurs. Pour cela, notre méthode est claire – je m’y tiendrai : l’écoute, la concertation, la prise en compte des travaux scientifiques, la collaboration avec tous les acteurs locaux, partenaires essentiels pour accompagner les personnes concernées et faire changer les comportements.Sur cette base, le Gouvernement a pris ses responsabilités en renforçant son action en juin 2023, après avoir entendu les attentes des élus, des acteurs économiques et des associations, et pris en compte les avancées scientifiques. Le budget mobilisé pour le plan Chlordécone IV sur la période 2021-2027 est sans précédent : initialement fixé à 92 millions, il atteint aujourd’hui 130 millions d’euros. Ce budget est supérieur à la somme des budgets des trois plans précédents réunis. En outre, la stratégie du Gouvernement s’appuie sur la mobilisation de plusieurs acteurs : neuf ministères – dont ceux chargés de la santé, de la prévention, de l’agriculture, de la pêche, du travail, de l’écologie, des finances –, les préfets, les agences régionales de santé (ARS) des Antilles, ainsi que plus de 150 référents et partenaires. La lutte contre le risque chlordécone est pleinement engagée, mais elle prendra du temps. Les mesures concrètes déployées par l’État avec ses partenaires concernent tous les publics touchés par cette pollution. Permettez-moi de vous en donner quelques illustrations.Sur le plan sanitaire, des solutions existent pour toutes les populations potentiellement exposées à ce pesticide en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Pour mesurer le taux de chlordécone dans le sang et son évolution, des dosages gratuits sont à la disposition des habitants. Ce dosage, appelé chlordéconémie, est un outil essentiel pour prendre en charge sa santé. Il est accessible à tous et permet à chacun d’agir pour réduire son exposition, en modifiant son alimentation. Avec mon collègue Frédéric Valletoux, nous tenons à souligner le travail remarquable des agences régionales de santé, qui sont en première ligne et ont déployé ce dispositif très rapidement.Cet engagement porte ses fruits : le nombre d’analyses augmente nettement chaque année depuis 2021. Ce sont 30 000 dosages de chlordéconémie qui ont été réalisés depuis la création du dispositif. En complément, un programme spécifique dédié à toutes les femmes enceintes a été lancé en Guadeloupe : ce bilan est proposé en même temps que le bilan sanguin de grossesse. Les personnes surexposées bénéficient gratuitement d’une visite à domicile réalisée par un professionnel de santé pour identifier les sources de leur exposition : plus de 2 000 personnes ont déjà été accompagnées individuellement. Chacun d’entre nous a un rôle à jouer. Le mien est d’appeler les Antillais à faire ce test simple et à suivre les préconisations recommandées. Tout est pris en charge par le plan Chlordécone. Je le redis : des solutions sont possibles et il faut se saisir de tous les outils offerts aux habitants potentiellement exposés.Nous agissons également par une meilleure information et formation des professionnels de santé dans les territoires concernés. Les médecins, sages-femmes et gynécologues volontaires ont été formés par les agences régionales de santé entre 2021 et 2023. D’autres formations sont prévues dans les mois à venir. Cette action répond à trois impératifs : sensibiliser, former et informer.Enfin, un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides est actif, destiné aux personnes exposées à titre professionnel à tous les pesticides, notamment le chlordécone. À ce jour, 150 dossiers ont été reçus, 107 d’entre eux ont donné lieu à un accord et d’autres réponses sont en cours d’instruction. Une soixantaine d’indemnisations ont déjà été versées.Pour les exploitants agricoles, des analyses de sol gratuites et des recommandations de pratiques culturales sont proposées selon le degré de contamination des sols. Depuis 2021, environ 4 500 analyses de sol ont été effectuées. Pour les éleveurs de bovins touchés par la pollution, une aide financière de 160 à 200 euros par animal est disponible, afin de sécuriser la qualité de la viande bovine, éviter tout risque chlordécone et prendre en charge les surcoûts. Nous comptons à ce jour plus de 300 éleveurs accompagnés et quarante dossiers de demande d’aide en cours d’instruction. Pour les pêcheurs concernés par les zones d’interdiction de pêche partielle ou totale, une aide financière pour compenser la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) et la contribution pour le remboursement de la dette sociale (CRDS) vient d’être simplifiée et prolongée jusqu’en 2027 ; 400 pêcheurs en ont bénéficié depuis 2022. Pour les chercheurs, les crédits de recherche seront doublés à l’horizon 2030 ; ils passeront de 26 millions à 52 millions d’euros. De nombreux travaux scientifiques ont été engagés ou sont en cours de renforcement, relatifs à la dépollution des sols, à la santé des femmes, aux liens entre le chlordécone et le cancer, notamment de la prostate, au suivi d’une cohorte de plus de 12 000 travailleurs en bananeraies et d’une cohorte mère-enfant, ou encore aux transferts de la pollution dans les milieux. Le volet recherche occupe une place importante : il n’y a pas de sujet tabou. Faire la lumière sur ces sujets est une condition de réussite du plan Chlordécone.Le Gouvernement reconnaît qu’il est possible de promouvoir les dispositifs existants et d’accompagner davantage les citoyens concernés, et il sera attentif à toutes les propositions en ce sens. Il demeure pleinement engagé pour déployer les quarante mesures du plan Chlordécone IV, dans un dialogue actif et continu avec l’ensemble des acteurs : élus, associations, organisations professionnelles, professionnels de santé, scientifiques, communauté éducative. Ensemble, continuons d’avancer avec énergie, transparence et en bonne intelligence. Comme vous, monsieur le rapporteur, comme les parlementaires présents en commission – je pense en particulier à Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq et à Maud Petit –, je veux croire que nous trouverons une solution qui fasse consensus pour que les Antillais puissent obtenir justice et que toutes les responsabilités soient établies. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour pouvoir se projeter dans l’avenir avec confiance, encore faut-il savoir regarder le passé avec lucidité. C’est l’honneur d’une nation et, en tant que responsables politiques, c’est ce que nous devons à nos concitoyens. Les hasards du calendrier auront voulu que ma première expression devant la représentation nationale depuis ma nomination comme ministre déléguée chargée des outre-mer porte sur le chlordécone, un drame qui touche directement ou indirectement tous les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais.J’en mesure évidemment la gravité. Comme chacun ici, j’ai conscience des attentes légitimes et des vives émotions que soulève le chlordécone. La lutte contre ses effets constitue un enjeu environnemental, sanitaire, agricole, économique et social pour les Antilles. Je peux vous assurer que le Gouvernement, que je représente avec mon collègue [PERSONNE], ministre délégué chargé de la santé et de la prévention – qui nous rejoindra ultérieurement –, est pleinement mobilisé pour lutter contre cette pollution ; il le fait sous l’impulsion du Président de la République, qui est le premier à avoir reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État lors de son discours au Morne-Rouge en septembre 2018 et à avoir dénoncé, comme vous, monsieur le rapporteur, ce scandale sanitaire.Je veux remercier le rapporteur, M. [PERSONNE], dont la proposition de loi porte devant la représentation nationale un sujet si important et me permet de rappeler les engagements du Président de la République ainsi que les actions menées par le Gouvernement.Nous avons un credo, la réparation par l’action, et un objectif : nous rapprocher chaque jour un peu plus du zéro chlordécone. Trois impératifs animent notre action : informer, protéger et réparer les préjudices liés à la contamination, grâce à une quarantaine d’actions dans tous les secteurs. Pour cela, notre méthode est claire – je m’y tiendrai : l’écoute, la concertation, la prise en compte des travaux scientifiques, la collaboration avec tous les acteurs locaux, partenaires essentiels pour accompagner les personnes concernées et faire changer les comportements.Sur cette base, le Gouvernement a pris ses responsabilités en renforçant son action en juin 2023, après avoir entendu les attentes des élus, des acteurs économiques et des associations, et pris en compte les avancées scientifiques. Le budget mobilisé pour le plan Chlordécone IV sur la période 2021-2027 est sans précédent : initialement fixé à 92 millions, il atteint aujourd’hui 130 millions d’euros. Ce budget est supérieur à la somme des budgets des trois plans précédents réunis. En outre, la stratégie du Gouvernement s’appuie sur la mobilisation de plusieurs acteurs : neuf ministères – dont ceux chargés de la santé, de la prévention, de l’agriculture, de la pêche, du travail, de l’écologie, des finances –, les préfets, les agences régionales de santé (ARS) des Antilles, ainsi que plus de 150 référents et partenaires. La lutte contre le risque chlordécone est pleinement engagée, mais elle prendra du temps. Les mesures concrètes déployées par l’État avec ses partenaires concernent tous les publics touchés par cette pollution. Permettez-moi de vous en donner quelques illustrations.Sur le plan sanitaire, des solutions existent pour toutes les populations potentiellement exposées à ce pesticide en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Pour mesurer le taux de chlordécone dans le sang et son évolution, des dosages gratuits sont à la disposition des habitants. Ce dosage, appelé chlordéconémie, est un outil essentiel pour prendre en charge sa santé. Il est accessible à tous et permet à chacun d’agir pour réduire son exposition, en modifiant son alimentation. Avec mon collègue [PERSONNE], nous tenons à souligner le travail remarquable des agences régionales de santé, qui sont en première ligne et ont déployé ce dispositif très rapidement.Cet engagement porte ses fruits : le nombre d’analyses augmente nettement chaque année depuis 2021. Ce sont 30 000 dosages de chlordéconémie qui ont été réalisés depuis la création du dispositif. En complément, un programme spécifique dédié à toutes les femmes enceintes a été lancé en Guadeloupe : ce bilan est proposé en même temps que le bilan sanguin de grossesse. Les personnes surexposées bénéficient gratuitement d’une visite à domicile réalisée par un professionnel de santé pour identifier les sources de leur exposition : plus de 2 000 personnes ont déjà été accompagnées individuellement. Chacun d’entre nous a un rôle à jouer. Le mien est d’appeler les Antillais à faire ce test simple et à suivre les préconisations recommandées. Tout est pris en charge par le plan Chlordécone. Je le redis : des solutions sont possibles et il faut se saisir de tous les outils offerts aux habitants potentiellement exposés.Nous agissons également par une meilleure information et formation des professionnels de santé dans les territoires concernés. Les médecins, sages-femmes et gynécologues volontaires ont été formés par les agences régionales de santé entre 2021 et 2023. D’autres formations sont prévues dans les mois à venir. Cette action répond à trois impératifs : sensibiliser, former et informer.Enfin, un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides est actif, destiné aux personnes exposées à titre professionnel à tous les pesticides, notamment le chlordécone. À ce jour, 150 dossiers ont été reçus, 107 d’entre eux ont donné lieu à un accord et d’autres réponses sont en cours d’instruction. Une soixantaine d’indemnisations ont déjà été versées.Pour les exploitants agricoles, des analyses de sol gratuites et des recommandations de pratiques culturales sont proposées selon le degré de contamination des sols. Depuis 2021, environ 4 500 analyses de sol ont été effectuées. Pour les éleveurs de bovins touchés par la pollution, une aide financière de 160 à 200 euros par animal est disponible, afin de sécuriser la qualité de la viande bovine, éviter tout risque chlordécone et prendre en charge les surcoûts. Nous comptons à ce jour plus de 300 éleveurs accompagnés et quarante dossiers de demande d’aide en cours d’instruction. Pour les pêcheurs concernés par les zones d’interdiction de pêche partielle ou totale, une aide financière pour compenser la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) et la contribution pour le remboursement de la dette sociale (CRDS) vient d’être simplifiée et prolongée jusqu’en 2027 ; 400 pêcheurs en ont bénéficié depuis 2022. Pour les chercheurs, les crédits de recherche seront doublés à l’horizon 2030 ; ils passeront de 26 millions à 52 millions d’euros. De nombreux travaux scientifiques ont été engagés ou sont en cours de renforcement, relatifs à la dépollution des sols, à la santé des femmes, aux liens entre le chlordécone et le cancer, notamment de la prostate, au suivi d’une cohorte de plus de 12 000 travailleurs en bananeraies et d’une cohorte mère-enfant, ou encore aux transferts de la pollution dans les milieux. Le volet recherche occupe une place importante : il n’y a pas de sujet tabou. Faire la lumière sur ces sujets est une condition de réussite du plan Chlordécone.Le Gouvernement reconnaît qu’il est possible de promouvoir les dispositifs existants et d’accompagner davantage les citoyens concernés, et il sera attentif à toutes les propositions en ce sens. Il demeure pleinement engagé pour déployer les quarante mesures du plan Chlordécone IV, dans un dialogue actif et continu avec l’ensemble des acteurs : élus, associations, organisations professionnelles, professionnels de santé, scientifiques, communauté éducative. Ensemble, continuons d’avancer avec énergie, transparence et en bonne intelligence. Comme vous, monsieur le rapporteur, comme les parlementaires présents en commission – je pense en particulier à [PERSONNE] et à [PERSONNE] –, je veux croire que nous trouverons une solution qui fasse consensus pour que les Antillais puissent obtenir justice et que toutes les responsabilités soient établies. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
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   "order": 725,
   "text": "Le chlordécone, appelé aussi kepone ou curlone, est un insecticide, un polluant et aussi un poison dont la toxicité et la rémanence sont connues depuis 1969. Entre 1975 et 1992, de multiples alertes et signaux ont été largement ignorés par l’État français, parmi lesquels le scandale d’Hopewell, en Virginie, révélé en 1975, où les ouvriers travaillant dans la production de chlordécone furent ses premières victimes. En effet, la forte pollution environnementale ajoutée à des dégâts sur la santé humaine, tels que des atteintes au système nerveux, une hypertrophie du foie et une perte de la fertilité masculine, ont conduit l’État fédéral américain à réagir rapidement. En à peine deux ans, les sites de production de chlordécone situés à Hopewell ont été fermés, sa production et son utilisation aux États-Unis ont été interdites, les entreprises privées responsables ont été attaquées en justice par l’État fédéral et ont été condamnées.Cela n’a pas été le cas en France. En effet, entre 1970 et 1990, de nombreux rapports, études et alertes de terrain en Guadeloupe et en Martinique ont été ignorés par l’État français. En dépit de sa dangerosité historiquement et clairement reconnue, l’État français, sous la pression, notamment, des lobbys de fabricants, de distributeurs et de grandes exploitations bananières,…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale",
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   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 206,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEIMPS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le chlordécone, appelé aussi kepone ou curlone, est un insecticide, un polluant et aussi un poison dont la toxicité et la rémanence sont connues depuis 1969. Entre 1975 et 1992, de multiples alertes et signaux ont été largement ignorés par l’État français, parmi lesquels le scandale d’Hopewell, en Virginie, révélé en 1975, où les ouvriers travaillant dans la production de chlordécone furent ses premières victimes. En effet, la forte pollution environnementale ajoutée à des dégâts sur la santé humaine, tels que des atteintes au système nerveux, une hypertrophie du foie et une perte de la fertilité masculine, ont conduit l’État fédéral américain à réagir rapidement. En à peine deux ans, les sites de production de chlordécone situés à Hopewell ont été fermés, sa production et son utilisation aux États-Unis ont été interdites, les entreprises privées responsables ont été attaquées en justice par l’État fédéral et ont été condamnées.Cela n’a pas été le cas en France. En effet, entre 1970 et 1990, de nombreux rapports, études et alertes de terrain en Guadeloupe et en Martinique ont été ignorés par l’État français. En dépit de sa dangerosité historiquement et clairement reconnue, l’État français, sous la pression, notamment, des lobbys de fabricants, de distributeurs et de grandes exploitations bananières,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795828",
   "speaker": "Johnny Hajjar",
   "quality": "M. Johnny Hajjar",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383050",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 728,
   "text": "…a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe de 1972 à 1990, autorisation prorogée jusqu’en 1993. Cette situation est d’autant plus choquante que plusieurs produits de substitution au chlordécone existaient et étaient disponibles avant même 1993.Fait troublant, l’interdiction du chlordécone décidée par l’État français en 1993 est arrivée dans le contexte de l’application d’une nouvelle législation européenne, qui visait à priver les États membres de leur pouvoir d’autoriser des substances actives et de décider la mise sur le marché des produits phytosanitaires. Même après l’interdiction finalement décidée par l’État en octobre 1993, aucun dispositif spécifique n’a été prévu pour détruire les stocks non utilisés de curlone. La gestion de ces stocks par l’État a ainsi été clairement et gravement défaillante jusqu’en 2002.L’État a donc autorisé puis laissé faire l’empoisonnement au chlordécone durant au moins trente ans en Martinique et en Guadeloupe. Grâce à plusieurs rapports, notamment celui de la commission d’enquête créée en 2009 à l’initiative du groupe socialiste, présidée par le député Serge Letchimy et dont la rapporteure fut Justine Benin, les responsabilités publiques et privées ont pu être formellement établies. Cette commission a également permis d’évaluer l’ampleur du désastre écologique, sanitaire et économique, ainsi que l’insuffisance et l’inefficacité des politiques publiques menées depuis les années 2000 au moyen des plans Chlordécone successifs.En effet, les actions de réparation conduites n’ont pas été du tout à la hauteur du drame humain, sanitaire, écologique et économique subi. Le rapport de la commission précisait l’impact de l’utilisation du chlordécone, ainsi que les très graves conséquences associées : la pollution durable et généralisée des sols, des eaux, des eaux marines, une rémanence qui diffuse le chlordécone dans les produits alimentaires, agricoles et animaux, la présence de chlordécone dans le sang de 95 % des Guadeloupéens et de 92 % des Martiniquais, le risque de prématurité, les troubles cognitifs et de motricité chez l’enfant, les malformations cardiaques et génitales, une propension accrue à l’obésité infantile, des pathologies multiples, telles que des cancers, des leucémies ou des maladies endocriniennes et neurodégénératives, la mise en danger de filières économiques, particulièrement la pêche et l’agriculture.Face à ce scandale d’État, le Président de la République a lui-même reconnu, lors de son déplacement à la Martinique le 27 septembre 2018, le scandale environnemental, la responsabilité de l’État et la nécessité d’accorder des réparations ; les ministres auditionnés ont fait de même. Il est désormais clairement établi que l’État est le premier responsable ; il est pleinement et entièrement responsable, même s’il n’est pas le seul.Aux souffrances durables et profondes imposées aux Martiniquais et aux Guadeloupéens s’ajoute l’incompréhension consécutive au non-lieu prononcé par la justice pour des raisons de prescription. Cette décision laisse s’installer l’impunité, l’injustice et une colère froide, collective et profonde, dont l’État devra assumer les conséquences. Elle démontre encore davantage l’importance et l’urgence de la présente proposition de loi. Cette dernière, une fois adoptée, accompagnera et consolidera la poursuite du combat judiciaire, pour que justice soit faite ; nous éviterons ainsi que se reproduise ce type de drame et de violence.La proposition de loi répond à la réalité historique que je viens de rappeler en effectuant le premier acte de réparation politique qui s’impose : celui de la reconnaissance, par la loi, de la responsabilité de la République française dans les préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les peuples et pays de Guadeloupe et de Martinique après l’autorisation par l’État de mise sur le marché de produits à base de chlordécone.À l’instar de la proposition de loi relative au suivi des conséquences environnementales des essais nucléaires français en Polynésie française, ce texte fait un premier pas sur le chemin des réparations nécessaires, à la hauteur d’une catastrophe à dimensions multiples. De manière opérationnelle et concrète, ces réparations passent fondamentalement par la dépollution des sols et des eaux, par l’indemnisation et par l’accompagnement des victimes au sens large – personnes physiques et ayants droit, entreprises – sur les plans sanitaire et économique.L’empoisonnement des hommes et de l’environnement par le chlordécone se poursuivant, il est indispensable que la recherche scientifique sur ce sujet vital devienne une priorité nationale.Les obligations prévues par la proposition de loi permettront aussi d’élaborer un programme global et structurel de sortie du chlordécone, sur la base des quarante-neuf préconisations formulées par le président de la commission d’enquête, Serge Letchimy. En adoptant ce texte, nous nous inscrirons dans la lignée de celles et ceux qui ont œuvré pour la dignité humaine, pour la justice et pour le progrès dans leur acceptation humaniste et universelle. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES, GDR-NUPES et LIOT.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "case": "chlordecone",
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   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe de 1972 à 1990, autorisation prorogée jusqu’en 1993. Cette situation est d’autant plus choquante que plusieurs produits de substitution au chlordécone existaient et étaient disponibles avant même 1993.Fait troublant, l’interdiction du chlordécone décidée par l’État français en 1993 est arrivée dans le contexte de l’application d’une nouvelle législation européenne, qui visait à priver les États membres de leur pouvoir d’autoriser des substances actives et de décider la mise sur le marché des produits phytosanitaires. Même après l’interdiction finalement décidée par l’État en octobre 1993, aucun dispositif spécifique n’a été prévu pour détruire les stocks non utilisés de curlone. La gestion de ces stocks par l’État a ainsi été clairement et gravement défaillante jusqu’en 2002.L’État a donc autorisé puis laissé faire l’empoisonnement au chlordécone durant au moins trente ans en Martinique et en Guadeloupe. Grâce à plusieurs rapports, notamment celui de la commission d’enquête créée en 2009 à l’initiative du groupe [GROUPE], présidée par le député [PERSONNE] et dont la rapporteure fut [PERSONNE], les responsabilités publiques et privées ont pu être formellement établies. Cette commission a également permis d’évaluer l’ampleur du désastre écologique, sanitaire et économique, ainsi que l’insuffisance et l’inefficacité des politiques publiques menées depuis les années 2000 au moyen des plans Chlordécone successifs.En effet, les actions de réparation conduites n’ont pas été du tout à la hauteur du drame humain, sanitaire, écologique et économique subi. Le rapport de la commission précisait l’impact de l’utilisation du chlordécone, ainsi que les très graves conséquences associées : la pollution durable et généralisée des sols, des eaux, des eaux marines, une rémanence qui diffuse le chlordécone dans les produits alimentaires, agricoles et animaux, la présence de chlordécone dans le sang de 95 % des Guadeloupéens et de 92 % des Martiniquais, le risque de prématurité, les troubles cognitifs et de motricité chez l’enfant, les malformations cardiaques et génitales, une propension accrue à l’obésité infantile, des pathologies multiples, telles que des cancers, des leucémies ou des maladies endocriniennes et neurodégénératives, la mise en danger de filières économiques, particulièrement la pêche et l’agriculture.Face à ce scandale d’État, le Président de la République a lui-même reconnu, lors de son déplacement à la Martinique le 27 septembre 2018, le scandale environnemental, la responsabilité de l’État et la nécessité d’accorder des réparations ; les ministres auditionnés ont fait de même. Il est désormais clairement établi que l’État est le premier responsable ; il est pleinement et entièrement responsable, même s’il n’est pas le seul.Aux souffrances durables et profondes imposées aux Martiniquais et aux Guadeloupéens s’ajoute l’incompréhension consécutive au non-lieu prononcé par la justice pour des raisons de prescription. Cette décision laisse s’installer l’impunité, l’injustice et une colère froide, collective et profonde, dont l’État devra assumer les conséquences. Elle démontre encore davantage l’importance et l’urgence de la présente proposition de loi. Cette dernière, une fois adoptée, accompagnera et consolidera la poursuite du combat judiciaire, pour que justice soit faite ; nous éviterons ainsi que se reproduise ce type de drame et de violence.La proposition de loi répond à la réalité historique que je viens de rappeler en effectuant le premier acte de réparation politique qui s’impose : celui de la reconnaissance, par la loi, de la responsabilité de la République française dans les préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les peuples et pays de Guadeloupe et de Martinique après l’autorisation par l’État de mise sur le marché de produits à base de chlordécone.À l’instar de la proposition de loi relative au suivi des conséquences environnementales des essais nucléaires français en Polynésie française, ce texte fait un premier pas sur le chemin des réparations nécessaires, à la hauteur d’une catastrophe à dimensions multiples. De manière opérationnelle et concrète, ces réparations passent fondamentalement par la dépollution des sols et des eaux, par l’indemnisation et par l’accompagnement des victimes au sens large – personnes physiques et ayants droit, entreprises – sur les plans sanitaire et économique.L’empoisonnement des hommes et de l’environnement par le chlordécone se poursuivant, il est indispensable que la recherche scientifique sur ce sujet vital devienne une priorité nationale.Les obligations prévues par la proposition de loi permettront aussi d’élaborer un programme global et structurel de sortie du chlordécone, sur la base des quarante-neuf préconisations formulées par le président de la commission d’enquête, [PERSONNE]. En adoptant ce texte, nous nous inscrirons dans la lignée de celles et ceux qui ont œuvré pour la dignité humaine, pour la justice et pour le progrès dans leur acceptation humaniste et universelle. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et LIOT.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
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   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383291",
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   "text": "Je tiens avant tout à saluer votre engagement constant pour la reconnaissance des victimes du chlordécone, monsieur le rapporteur. Je vous remercie d’avoir inscrit cette proposition de loi en troisième position de la journée d’initiative parlementaire du groupe Socialistes et apparentés. Vous connaissez les liens forts qui unissent le port de Dunkerque – situé dans ma circonscription – et les ports antillais, en partenariat avec l’Union des groupements de producteurs de bananes de Guadeloupe et Martinique.Nos compatriotes antillais expriment des attentes fortes de réparation, non seulement de la part de l’État, mais également de la part de l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Ils attendent de nous des réponses concrètes : l’indemnisation des victimes, tout d’abord, mais aussi la dépollution des sols et des zones hautement contaminées. Quatre plans et feuilles de route se sont ainsi succédé depuis 2008 pour lutter contre les conséquences de l’exposition au chlordécone. Dès 2018, le Président de la République s’est rendu en Martinique et a affirmé que l’État prendrait sa part de responsabilité dans ce scandale environnemental et sanitaire, conséquence dramatique d’un choix collectif erroné.La nouvelle stratégie pour 2021-2027, dotée d’un budget initial de 92 millions d’euros, vise plusieurs objectifs : protéger la santé des habitants, tendre vers le zéro chlordécone, prendre en charge les conséquences de cette exposition néfaste. M’étant vu confier, lors du dernier Printemps social de l’évaluation, l’élaboration d’un rapport sur le déploiement du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides (FIVP) – créé à la suite d’une proposition de loi dont notre collègue Dominique Potier avait été le rapporteur –, et ayant pris part à la discussion du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2020, j’ai conscience du retard que nous accusons en matière de reconnaissance des victimes.Pour rappel, le FIVP vise à simplifier les modalités de reconnaissance des pathologies liées à une exposition professionnelle à des pesticides faisant ou ayant fait l’objet d’une autorisation de mise sur le marché. Il a permis d’élargir le périmètre des personnes couvertes, de centraliser et d’homogénéiser l’instruction des demandes, et d’améliorer la réparation des non-salariés agricoles. Malgré un début difficile, ce fonds est de plus en plus connu des agriculteurs. Le nombre de victimes ayant obtenu une indemnisation est d’ailleurs en nette augmentation : il a triplé en trois ans, pour dépasser 1 000 dossiers en 2023. Quant au montant total des indemnisations versées, il a été multiplié par six en un an, atteignant 6,7 millions d’euros en 2022.Malgré l’avis favorable accordé à certains dossiers déposés aux Antilles, malgré la reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate comme maladie professionnelle liée à l’exposition aux pesticides, et malgré les actions entreprises par le FIVP pour remédier aux difficultés rencontrées dans le déploiement du dispositif aux Antilles, celui-ci reste trop peu connu. Il reste beaucoup à accomplir, notamment pour amplifier et sécuriser le recours au fonds d’indemnisation des victimes des pesticides, renforcer la communication et lutter contre les fausses informations.La responsabilité du scandale du chlordécone est le fruit d’une décision collective de l’État, des élus et des acteurs économiques face aux menaces qui pesaient sur une partie des exploitations et des emplois aux Antilles. Elle doit être appréciée dans sa globalité.Depuis 2017, la majorité et le Gouvernement se sont mobilisés. Fruit d’un travail concerté avec les acteurs et les parlementaires, la trajectoire Chlordécone engagée en 2021 propose une réponse globale : protection, prévention, dépistage, réparation, analyse et aide financière. Le budget qui lui est alloué a été revu à la hausse, pour atteindre 130 millions d’euros, et l’effort dédié à la recherche a doublé – vous l’avez souligné, madame la ministre.Si le groupe Horizons et apparentés partage la conviction que beaucoup reste à accomplir, il ne nous semble pas opportun de faire peser uniquement sur l’État la responsabilité de cette tragédie – la proposition de loi n’a d’ailleurs pas de portée normative. Nous espérons que l’examen du texte aboutira à une nouvelle rédaction, qui reconnaîtra l’ampleur des dommages causés dans les territoires, en complément des travaux menés depuis 2020, et qui gravera dans la loi les ambitions de la stratégie de lutte contre la pollution par le chlordécone. En conséquence, notre groupe pourrait voter en faveur du texte.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale",
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   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens avant tout à saluer votre engagement constant pour la reconnaissance des victimes du chlordécone, monsieur le rapporteur. Je vous remercie d’avoir inscrit cette proposition de loi en troisième position de la journée d’initiative parlementaire du groupe [GROUPE]. Vous connaissez les liens forts qui unissent le port de Dunkerque – situé dans ma circonscription – et les ports antillais, en partenariat avec l’Union des groupements de producteurs de bananes de Guadeloupe et Martinique.Nos compatriotes antillais expriment des attentes fortes de réparation, non seulement de la part de l’État, mais également de la part de l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Ils attendent de nous des réponses concrètes : l’indemnisation des victimes, tout d’abord, mais aussi la dépollution des sols et des zones hautement contaminées. Quatre plans et feuilles de route se sont ainsi succédé depuis 2008 pour lutter contre les conséquences de l’exposition au chlordécone. Dès 2018, le Président de la République s’est rendu en Martinique et a affirmé que l’État prendrait sa part de responsabilité dans ce scandale environnemental et sanitaire, conséquence dramatique d’un choix collectif erroné.La nouvelle stratégie pour 2021-2027, dotée d’un budget initial de 92 millions d’euros, vise plusieurs objectifs : protéger la santé des habitants, tendre vers le zéro chlordécone, prendre en charge les conséquences de cette exposition néfaste. M’étant vu confier, lors du dernier Printemps social de l’évaluation, l’élaboration d’un rapport sur le déploiement du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides (FIVP) – créé à la suite d’une proposition de loi dont notre collègue [PERSONNE] avait été le rapporteur –, et ayant pris part à la discussion du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2020, j’ai conscience du retard que nous accusons en matière de reconnaissance des victimes.Pour rappel, le FIVP vise à simplifier les modalités de reconnaissance des pathologies liées à une exposition professionnelle à des pesticides faisant ou ayant fait l’objet d’une autorisation de mise sur le marché. Il a permis d’élargir le périmètre des personnes couvertes, de centraliser et d’homogénéiser l’instruction des demandes, et d’améliorer la réparation des non-salariés agricoles. Malgré un début difficile, ce fonds est de plus en plus connu des agriculteurs. Le nombre de victimes ayant obtenu une indemnisation est d’ailleurs en nette augmentation : il a triplé en trois ans, pour dépasser 1 000 dossiers en 2023. Quant au montant total des indemnisations versées, il a été multiplié par six en un an, atteignant 6,7 millions d’euros en 2022.Malgré l’avis favorable accordé à certains dossiers déposés aux Antilles, malgré la reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate comme maladie professionnelle liée à l’exposition aux pesticides, et malgré les actions entreprises par le FIVP pour remédier aux difficultés rencontrées dans le déploiement du dispositif aux Antilles, celui-ci reste trop peu connu. Il reste beaucoup à accomplir, notamment pour amplifier et sécuriser le recours au fonds d’indemnisation des victimes des pesticides, renforcer la communication et lutter contre les fausses informations.La responsabilité du scandale du chlordécone est le fruit d’une décision collective de l’État, des élus et des acteurs économiques face aux menaces qui pesaient sur une partie des exploitations et des emplois aux Antilles. Elle doit être appréciée dans sa globalité.Depuis 2017, la majorité et le Gouvernement se sont mobilisés. Fruit d’un travail concerté avec les acteurs et les parlementaires, la trajectoire Chlordécone engagée en 2021 propose une réponse globale : protection, prévention, dépistage, réparation, analyse et aide financière. Le budget qui lui est alloué a été revu à la hausse, pour atteindre 130 millions d’euros, et l’effort dédié à la recherche a doublé – vous l’avez souligné, madame la ministre.Si le groupe [GROUPE] partage la conviction que beaucoup reste à accomplir, il ne nous semble pas opportun de faire peser uniquement sur l’État la responsabilité de cette tragédie – la proposition de loi n’a d’ailleurs pas de portée normative. Nous espérons que l’examen du texte aboutira à une nouvelle rédaction, qui reconnaîtra l’ampleur des dommages causés dans les territoires, en complément des travaux menés depuis 2020, et qui gravera dans la loi les ambitions de la stratégie de lutte contre la pollution par le chlordécone. En conséquence, notre groupe pourrait voter en faveur du texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
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   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383299",
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   "order": 748,
   "text": "« Pendant plus de vingt ans, nos sols de Guadeloupe et de Martinique ont été sciemment empoisonnés – sciemment, car l’impact du chlordécone sur la santé humaine, tout comme sa rémanence, étaient connus des pouvoirs publics. Dès 1963, des données industrielles faisaient état de la toxicité du chlordécone ; elles ont été confirmées et complétées par l’Agence de protection de l’environnement des États-Unis en 1976 et la production de chlordécone a été définitivement arrêtée la même année, après la contamination des ouvriers de l’usine de Hopewell. Pourtant, il aura fallu attendre le 3 juillet 1990 pour que le gouvernement français interdise enfin l’utilisation et la commercialisation du chlordécone. Néanmoins, MM. Louis Mermaz, ministre de l’agriculture et de la forêt, puis Jean-Pierre Soisson, son successeur, vont accorder aux producteurs de bananes une dérogation permettant de poursuivre l’empoisonnement des sols et des populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique pendant trois années supplémentaires. Comment ne pas voir, ici, la collusion évidente entre l’État et les planteurs de bananes, au détriment de notre environnement et, plus encore, de la santé des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ? Comment ne pas voir cette faute inexcusable ? Reconnaître cette responsabilité n’est que justice envers les Ultramarins et Ultramarines, ce dont notre République s’enorgueillira. Nous comptons sur vous. » Voilà la lettre que mes camarades écologistes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique m’ont demandé de vous communiquer.La proposition de loi que nous examinons est fondamentale, parce qu’elle reconnaît la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale du chlordécone – oui, le scandale. Cette responsabilité n’est pas exclusive, comme certains voudraient nous le faire dire, mais elle a été active.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "« Pendant plus de vingt ans, nos sols de Guadeloupe et de Martinique ont été sciemment empoisonnés – sciemment, car l’impact du chlordécone sur la santé humaine, tout comme sa rémanence, étaient connus des pouvoirs publics. Dès 1963, des données industrielles faisaient état de la toxicité du chlordécone ; elles ont été confirmées et complétées par l’Agence de protection de l’environnement des États-Unis en 1976 et la production de chlordécone a été définitivement arrêtée la même année, après la contamination des ouvriers de l’usine de Hopewell. Pourtant, il aura fallu attendre le 3 juillet 1990 pour que le gouvernement français interdise enfin l’utilisation et la commercialisation du chlordécone. Néanmoins, MM. [PERSONNE], ministre de l’agriculture et de la forêt, puis [PERSONNE], son successeur, vont accorder aux producteurs de bananes une dérogation permettant de poursuivre l’empoisonnement des sols et des populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique pendant trois années supplémentaires. Comment ne pas voir, ici, la collusion évidente entre l’État et les planteurs de bananes, au détriment de notre environnement et, plus encore, de la santé des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ? Comment ne pas voir cette faute inexcusable ? Reconnaître cette responsabilité n’est que justice envers les Ultramarins et Ultramarines, ce dont notre République s’enorgueillira. Nous comptons sur vous. » Voilà la lettre que mes camarades écologistes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique m’ont demandé de vous communiquer.La proposition de loi que nous examinons est fondamentale, parce qu’elle reconnaît la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale du chlordécone – oui, le scandale. Cette responsabilité n’est pas exclusive, comme certains voudraient nous le faire dire, mais elle a été active."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_sha256": "97849cab961a7d259e8968f28686dcf9497f89b2b47fd1afcf07a500f46d9e7e",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383302",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383302"
   ],
   "order": 751,
   "text": "Pendant plus de vingt ans, malgré les alertes scientifiques, les rapports et la mise en garde de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), l’État a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone année après année, en toute connaissance de cause – je dis bien, en toute connaissance de cause. Les conséquences sanitaires et environnementales en sont dramatiques : 90 % des Guadeloupéens et Martiniquais vivent avec du chlordécone dans le sang ; le taux de cancer de la prostate de cette population est le plus élevé au monde ; les sols, les fleuves, la mer, les plantes, les animaux, les aliments et les habitants sont contaminés pour plusieurs siècles.Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, c’est dire aux victimes de cette contamination : « Nous vous avons entendues, et la puissance publique s’engage à mener les politiques de réparation que vous méritez ». Il s’agit non d’une simple indemnisation, mais de la reconnaissance de la responsabilité morale de l’État.Reconnaître cette responsabilité, c’est mettre en garde celles et ceux qui seraient aujourd’hui tentés de sacrifier les normes environnementales, de modifier des indicateurs pour diminuer la quantification des pesticides utilisés dans l’agriculture, ou encore de revenir sur les objectifs de réduction de pesticides pour satisfaire les appétits de l’agro-industrie – n’est-ce pas, messieurs Fesneau et Béchu ? Nous vous regardons, messieurs les ministres, endosser en ce moment même une responsabilité comparable à celle de vos prédécesseurs s’agissant du chlordécone. Nous saurons le rappeler.Le groupe Écologiste soutient activement cette proposition de loi ; nous voterons en sa faveur, et nous remercions le groupe Socialistes de l’avoir déposée. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 751,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383302",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 270,
   "annotation_id": "N36e4dfd7d7a5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pendant plus de vingt ans, malgré les alertes scientifiques, les rapports et la mise en garde de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), l’État a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone année après année, en toute connaissance de cause – je dis bien, en toute connaissance de cause. Les conséquences sanitaires et environnementales en sont dramatiques : 90 % des Guadeloupéens et Martiniquais vivent avec du chlordécone dans le sang ; le taux de cancer de la prostate de cette population est le plus élevé au monde ; les sols, les fleuves, la mer, les plantes, les animaux, les aliments et les habitants sont contaminés pour plusieurs siècles.Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, c’est dire aux victimes de cette contamination : « Nous vous avons entendues, et la puissance publique s’engage à mener les politiques de réparation que vous méritez ». Il s’agit non d’une simple indemnisation, mais de la reconnaissance de la responsabilité morale de l’État.Reconnaître cette responsabilité, c’est mettre en garde celles et ceux qui seraient aujourd’hui tentés de sacrifier les normes environnementales, de modifier des indicateurs pour diminuer la quantification des pesticides utilisés dans l’agriculture, ou encore de revenir sur les objectifs de réduction de pesticides pour satisfaire les appétits de l’agro-industrie – n’est-ce pas, messieurs Fesneau et Béchu ? Nous vous regardons, messieurs les ministres, endosser en ce moment même une responsabilité comparable à celle de vos prédécesseurs s’agissant du chlordécone. Nous saurons le rappeler.Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient activement cette proposition de loi ; nous voterons en sa faveur, et nous remercions le groupe Socialistes de l’avoir déposée. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_sha256": "97849cab961a7d259e8968f28686dcf9497f89b2b47fd1afcf07a500f46d9e7e",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795820",
   "speaker": "Marcellin Nadeau",
   "quality": "M. Marcellin Nadeau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383306",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383306"
   ],
   "order": 756,
   "text": "Nous examinons enfin cette proposition de loi tant attendue par les victimes contaminées par le chlordécone, soit près de 90 % des habitantes et habitants de Martinique et de Guadeloupe – excusez du peu !Depuis près de trente ans, nous militons pour que la question de la contamination des territoires dits d’outre-mer par le chlordécone soit sérieusement abordée. Plusieurs propositions de loi ont été déposées sur le sujet au cours de cette législature et des précédentes. Une commission d’enquête a même été créée par le passé. M. le rapporteur avait déposé une proposition de loi en même temps qu’une autre, dont je suis l’auteur, en juillet 2023. Ces deux textes allaient dans le bon sens, car ils visaient à appréhender l’ampleur du phénomène, à le connaître, à le répertorier, à l’analyser, à tenter d’apporter des solutions de dépollution et de traitement, enfin à réparer les préjudices sanitaires, économiques et sociaux nés de cette contamination massive. Cela doit passer en particulier par la création d’un établissement public indépendant chargé de ces missions – principe contenu dans ma proposition de loi –, afin que l’État ne soit plus juge et partie dans ce contentieux.En 2018, au cours d’un voyage aux Antilles, le Président de la République a lui-même reconnu la responsabilité de l’État et engagé des plans relatifs au chlordécone. Nous en sommes au quatrième, sans qu’aucune évolution concrète, significative ou suffisante n’ait véritablement été constatée.Voici que le groupe Socialistes prend l’initiative de déposer une nouvelle proposition de loi relative au chlordécone et de l’inscrire à l’ordre du jour de sa journée d’initiative parlementaire. Je regrette que ce texte soit nettement moins ambitieux que le précédent, et que ses objectifs soient bien inférieurs. (Mme Maud Petit applaudit.) Cette nouvelle mouture vide la proposition initiale de l’essentiel de son contenu. Néanmoins, nous avons cosigné ce nouveau texte – tout comme le précédent – et nous voterons en sa faveur, en adressant nos pensées à nos compatriotes contaminés, qui souffrent dans leur chair et qui attendent des actes concrets.Eu égard à l’énormité de la catastrophe, nous sommes conscients de la trop faible portée de cette proposition de loi. Elle sera très certainement adoptée – ce que nous souhaitons –, mais ne va malheureusement pas aussi loin qu’il le faudrait. C’est d’ailleurs l’une des raisons pour lesquelles nous soutiendrons, sans aucune hésitation, les amendements de Mereana Reid Arbelot relatifs à la question des victimes indirectes. Si, encore une fois, ce petit pas doit être salué, je crains que ne soit confirmée l’assertion d’Édouard Herriot selon laquelle il existe deux manières d’écarter un texte : voter contre ou l’adopter à l’unanimité. (M. Jiovanny William applaudit.) Sans doute celui-ci sera-t-il adopté à une large majorité, car il s’engage à bien peu et est bien peu contraignant pour l’État.Il y a peu de temps, un ouvrier agricole de Martinique, contaminé par le chlordécone, nous racontait avoir été convoqué à l’hôpital en vue d’un test : il avait dans le sang deux fois et demie la valeur toxicologique de référence. Pour tout protocole de traitement, il lui a été demandé de revenir dans deux ans faire un nouveau test, afin de savoir comment aurait évolué ce taux. Voilà le seul traitement thérapeutique proposé aux personnes contaminées ! « Mais je suis déjà malade, m’a-t-il dit, et je ne suis pas sûr d’être encore là dans deux ans. » Est-ce ainsi que l’une des principales puissances mondiales traite ses concitoyennes et citoyens : mourez, on verra plus tard ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 756,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383306",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 596,
   "annotation_id": "Nc977593bdd8d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous examinons enfin cette proposition de loi tant attendue par les victimes contaminées par le chlordécone, soit près de 90 % des habitantes et habitants de Martinique et de Guadeloupe – excusez du peu !Depuis près de trente ans, nous militons pour que la question de la contamination des territoires dits d’outre-mer par le chlordécone soit sérieusement abordée. Plusieurs propositions de loi ont été déposées sur le sujet au cours de cette législature et des précédentes. Une commission d’enquête a même été créée par le passé. M. le rapporteur avait déposé une proposition de loi en même temps qu’une autre, dont je suis l’auteur, en juillet 2023. Ces deux textes allaient dans le bon sens, car ils visaient à appréhender l’ampleur du phénomène, à le connaître, à le répertorier, à l’analyser, à tenter d’apporter des solutions de dépollution et de traitement, enfin à réparer les préjudices sanitaires, économiques et sociaux nés de cette contamination massive. Cela doit passer en particulier par la création d’un établissement public indépendant chargé de ces missions – principe contenu dans ma proposition de loi –, afin que l’État ne soit plus juge et partie dans ce contentieux.En 2018, au cours d’un voyage aux Antilles, le Président de la République a lui-même reconnu la responsabilité de l’État et engagé des plans relatifs au chlordécone. Nous en sommes au quatrième, sans qu’aucune évolution concrète, significative ou suffisante n’ait véritablement été constatée.Voici que le groupe Socialistes prend l’initiative de déposer une nouvelle proposition de loi relative au chlordécone et de l’inscrire à l’ordre du jour de sa journée d’initiative parlementaire. Je regrette que ce texte soit nettement moins ambitieux que le précédent, et que ses objectifs soient bien inférieurs. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Cette nouvelle mouture vide la proposition initiale de l’essentiel de son contenu. Néanmoins, nous avons cosigné ce nouveau texte – tout comme le précédent – et nous voterons en sa faveur, en adressant nos pensées à nos compatriotes contaminés, qui souffrent dans leur chair et qui attendent des actes concrets.Eu égard à l’énormité de la catastrophe, nous sommes conscients de la trop faible portée de cette proposition de loi. Elle sera très certainement adoptée – ce que nous souhaitons –, mais ne va malheureusement pas aussi loin qu’il le faudrait. C’est d’ailleurs l’une des raisons pour lesquelles nous soutiendrons, sans aucune hésitation, les amendements de [PERSONNE] relatifs à la question des victimes indirectes. Si, encore une fois, ce petit pas doit être salué, je crains que ne soit confirmée l’assertion d’Édouard Herriot selon laquelle il existe deux manières d’écarter un texte : voter contre ou l’adopter à l’unanimité. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Sans doute celui-ci sera-t-il adopté à une large majorité, car il s’engage à bien peu et est bien peu contraignant pour l’État.Il y a peu de temps, un ouvrier agricole de Martinique, contaminé par le chlordécone, nous racontait avoir été convoqué à l’hôpital en vue d’un test : il avait dans le sang deux fois et demie la valeur toxicologique de référence. Pour tout protocole de traitement, il lui a été demandé de revenir dans deux ans faire un nouveau test, afin de savoir comment aurait évolué ce taux. Voilà le seul traitement thérapeutique proposé aux personnes contaminées ! « Mais je suis déjà malade, m’a-t-il dit, et je ne suis pas sûr d’être encore là dans deux ans. » Est-ce ainsi que l’une des principales puissances mondiales traite ses concitoyennes et citoyens : mourez, on verra plus tard ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28085",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131.xml",
   "source_sha256": "97849cab961a7d259e8968f28686dcf9497f89b2b47fd1afcf07a500f46d9e7e",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795820",
   "speaker": "Marcellin Nadeau",
   "quality": "M. Marcellin Nadeau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383525",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383525"
   ],
   "order": 763,
   "text": "Mes chers collègues, nous ne nous satisfaisons pas de cette fatalité. Le chlordécone aux Antilles, ce n’est pas seulement un scandale environnemental, sanitaire, économique et social ; au même titre que le sang contaminé, l’amiante, les essais nucléaires en Polynésie ou le mercure en Guyane, c’est un scandale politique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et LIOT. – MM. Jean-Philippe Nilor et Perceval Gaillard se lèvent pour applaudir.) Il exige une réponse au plus haut niveau de l’État. Telle est la proposition que, pour notre part, nous faisons, avec la ferme détermination de répondre aux aspirations légitimes de nos concitoyennes et concitoyens. (Les députés des groupes GDR-NUPES et LIOT, ainsi que plusieurs députés du groupe LFI-NUPES se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 763,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N131-3383525",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "N21a78db9588e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mes chers collègues, nous ne nous satisfaisons pas de cette fatalité. Le chlordécone aux Antilles, ce n’est pas seulement un scandale environnemental, sanitaire, économique et social ; au même titre que le sang contaminé, l’amiante, les essais nucléaires en Polynésie ou le mercure en Guyane, c’est un scandale politique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et LIOT. – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] se lèvent pour applaudir.) Il exige une réponse au plus haut niveau de l’État. Telle est la proposition que, pour notre part, nous faisons, avec la ferme détermination de répondre aux aspirations légitimes de nos concitoyennes et concitoyens. (Les députés des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et LIOT, ainsi que plusieurs députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720960",
   "speaker": "Olivier Serva",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Serva",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381791",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381791"
   ],
   "order": 13,
   "text": "Tout d’abord, j’aimerais remercier mon collègue Elie Califer, rapporteur du texte, pour ce travail ô combien important pour nos populations. Je remercie également les associations guadeloupéennes et martiniquaises, qui œuvrent depuis tant d’années afin que soit reconnue la responsabilité de l’État et que les victimes soient indemnisées.J’entends çà et là que l’État ne serait pas entièrement responsable, qu’il n’aurait qu’une « part de responsabilité ». Le spectacle que vous donnez est celui de grotesques calculs politiciens faits sur le compte de vies humaines. Honte à vous ! Tenter de réduire la responsabilité de l’État face à un tel scandale sanitaire est un crachat gluant à l’endroit de tous les ouvriers agricoles guadeloupéens et martiniquais qui ont été atteints d’un cancer – et beaucoup sont décédés des suites d’une maladie professionnelle. C’est également un doigt d’honneur au reste de la population, empoisonné par sa consommation alimentaire et en eau ; ceux-là aussi développent des cancers.Et bien qu’il faille la saluer, nous ne pouvons nous contenter de la déclaration faite par le président Emmanuel Macron en 2018, car comme on dit chez nous : Pawol an bouch pa chaj – la parole ne pèse pas lourd. Plus de 90 % d’entre nous, Guadeloupéens et Martiniquais, sont empoisonnés, et aucun antidote n’existe. Nous détenons le record mondial en matière de cancer de la prostate : chez nous, son taux d’incidence est plus de sept fois supérieur à celui observé dans l’Hexagone et partout ailleurs dans le monde.Parallèlement, un écocide grave a été commis. C’est tout l’environnement qui est touché et c’est aussi toute l’activité économique qui en subit les conséquences : des terres sont devenues inexploitables et les activités de pêche ont été très réduites.Ce cadre macabre étant posé, nous espérons que ceux qui tentent, face à notre triste constat, de minimiser la responsabilité de l’État, seront capables de faire preuve de respect et de décence envers nous, populations de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique. J’en appelle donc, chers collègues de la majorité et madame la ministre déléguée chargée des outre-mer, à la retenue et à la mesure. Nous parlons là de familles meurtries par la perte ou par la maladie d’un proche. Ici, la politique politicienne n’a pas sa place ; descendez du train de l’indécence à bord duquel vous avez choisi d’embarquer. La Guadeloupe, la Martinique, la France entière vous regardent.Il ne s’agit plus de déterminer la dangerosité de ces pesticides, ni même de constater l’ampleur du désastre écologique et sanitaire pour nos territoires et nos populations. Il faut, comme le propose le texte d’Elie Califer et de ses cosignataires, reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, qui a autorisé les pesticides. Rappelons que dès 1979, le chlordécone avait été déclaré par l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) « cancérigène possible » ; pourtant, il a été sciemment épandu sur nos terres de 1972 à 1993. En 1990, le produit a certes été interdit en France, mais le puissant lobby de la banane est parvenu à obtenir du ministère de l’agriculture, donc de l’État, une dérogation permettant de poursuivre son épandage sur nos sols jusqu’en 1993. Cette autorisation a été signée par l’État, qui est donc responsable à part entière !",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 13,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381791",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 529,
   "annotation_id": "Nab2f70f07ece",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Tout d’abord, j’aimerais remercier mon collègue [PERSONNE], rapporteur du texte, pour ce travail ô combien important pour nos populations. Je remercie également les associations guadeloupéennes et martiniquaises, qui œuvrent depuis tant d’années afin que soit reconnue la responsabilité de l’État et que les victimes soient indemnisées.J’entends çà et là que l’État ne serait pas entièrement responsable, qu’il n’aurait qu’une « part de responsabilité ». Le spectacle que vous donnez est celui de grotesques calculs politiciens faits sur le compte de vies humaines. Honte à vous ! Tenter de réduire la responsabilité de l’État face à un tel scandale sanitaire est un crachat gluant à l’endroit de tous les ouvriers agricoles guadeloupéens et martiniquais qui ont été atteints d’un cancer – et beaucoup sont décédés des suites d’une maladie professionnelle. C’est également un doigt d’honneur au reste de la population, empoisonné par sa consommation alimentaire et en eau ; ceux-là aussi développent des cancers.Et bien qu’il faille la saluer, nous ne pouvons nous contenter de la déclaration faite par le président [PERSONNE] en 2018, car comme on dit chez nous : Pawol an bouch pa chaj – la parole ne pèse pas lourd. Plus de 90 % d’entre nous, Guadeloupéens et Martiniquais, sont empoisonnés, et aucun antidote n’existe. Nous détenons le record mondial en matière de cancer de la prostate : chez nous, son taux d’incidence est plus de sept fois supérieur à celui observé dans l’Hexagone et partout ailleurs dans le monde.Parallèlement, un écocide grave a été commis. C’est tout l’environnement qui est touché et c’est aussi toute l’activité économique qui en subit les conséquences : des terres sont devenues inexploitables et les activités de pêche ont été très réduites.Ce cadre macabre étant posé, nous espérons que ceux qui tentent, face à notre triste constat, de minimiser la responsabilité de l’État, seront capables de faire preuve de respect et de décence envers nous, populations de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique. J’en appelle donc, chers collègues de la majorité et madame la ministre déléguée chargée des outre-mer, à la retenue et à la mesure. Nous parlons là de familles meurtries par la perte ou par la maladie d’un proche. Ici, la politique politicienne n’a pas sa place ; descendez du train de l’indécence à bord duquel vous avez choisi d’embarquer. La Guadeloupe, la Martinique, la France entière vous regardent.Il ne s’agit plus de déterminer la dangerosité de ces pesticides, ni même de constater l’ampleur du désastre écologique et sanitaire pour nos territoires et nos populations. Il faut, comme le propose le texte d’[PERSONNE] et de ses cosignataires, reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, qui a autorisé les pesticides. Rappelons que dès 1979, le chlordécone avait été déclaré par l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) « cancérigène possible » ; pourtant, il a été sciemment épandu sur nos terres de 1972 à 1993. En 1990, le produit a certes été interdit en France, mais le puissant lobby de la banane est parvenu à obtenir du ministère de l’agriculture, donc de l’État, une dérogation permettant de poursuivre son épandage sur nos sols jusqu’en 1993. Cette autorisation a été signée par l’État, qui est donc responsable à part entière !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720960",
   "speaker": "Olivier Serva",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Serva",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381798",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381798"
   ],
   "order": 20,
   "text": "Reconnaître cette responsabilité, c’est participer à restaurer le lien de confiance tant distendu en outre-mer – vous l’avez constaté. C’est aussi aller plus loin sur le chemin de la réparation annoncé par le Président de la République, en traduisant en actes cette reconnaissance. Par conséquent, le groupe LIOT soutiendra sans réserve cette proposition de loi socialiste, qui appelle à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale lié au chlordécone, à poursuivre un objectif de dépollution des eaux et des sols, et à indemniser les victiDans la lignée des recommandations du dernier rapport de l’Opecst, l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques, notre groupe appelle à aller plus loin en instaurant un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans, en accentuant fortement l’effort de recherche sur les effets exacts de cette contamination, en améliorant la communication à l’endroit des populations et en accélérant la formation des professionnels de santé de Guadeloupe et de Martinique.Enfin, l’État doit doter nos territoires d’un institut dédié aux soins oncologiques – puisque nous sommes sept fois plus touchés par le cancer, engagez des moyens efficaces pour y faire face – et introduire une indemnisation supérieure à celle prévue par le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides, dans la mesure où ce dernier ne prend en compte que les maladies professionnelles. (MM. Marcellin Nadeau et Jiovanny William applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 20,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381798",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 226,
   "annotation_id": "Nb0cfa6b549ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Reconnaître cette responsabilité, c’est participer à restaurer le lien de confiance tant distendu en outre-mer – vous l’avez constaté. C’est aussi aller plus loin sur le chemin de la réparation annoncé par le Président de la République, en traduisant en actes cette reconnaissance. Par conséquent, le groupe LIOT soutiendra sans réserve cette proposition de loi [GROUPE], qui appelle à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale lié au chlordécone, à poursuivre un objectif de dépollution des eaux et des sols, et à indemniser les victiDans la lignée des recommandations du dernier rapport de l’Opecst, l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques, notre groupe appelle à aller plus loin en instaurant un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans, en accentuant fortement l’effort de recherche sur les effets exacts de cette contamination, en améliorant la communication à l’endroit des populations et en accélérant la formation des professionnels de santé de Guadeloupe et de Martinique.Enfin, l’État doit doter nos territoires d’un institut dédié aux soins oncologiques – puisque nous sommes sept fois plus touchés par le cancer, engagez des moyens efficaces pour y faire face – et introduire une indemnisation supérieure à celle prévue par le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides, dans la mesure où ce dernier ne prend en compte que les maladies professionnelles. (MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381802",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381802"
   ],
   "order": 24,
   "text": "Nous examinons aujourd’hui la proposition de loi de notre collègue Elie Califer visant à inscrire dans la loi la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État vis-à-vis des victimes du chlordécone.Je veux tout d’abord remercier M. le rapporteur d’avoir mis ce sujet à l’ordre du jour, car c’est un sujet majeur. L’usage du chlordécone a fait des ravages dans les Antilles. Il a entraîné une pollution durable des sols, des eaux et, par répercussion, a provoqué – et provoquera encore – de graves pathologies dont souffre la population antillaise.De 1972 à 1993, l’État a laissé faire. Il a donc incontestablement une part de responsabilité dans cette situation ; il ne doit y avoir aucune ambiguïté là-dessus. Trente années plus tard, il était nécessaire de réparer ces préjudices, et c’est ce que nous avons collectivement commencé à faire depuis quelques années.Une étape importante a été franchie en 2018, lorsque le Président de la République a reconnu officiellement la part de responsabilité de l’État. Il aura donc fallu attendre près de trente ans après l’arrêt de l’usage du chlordécone pour que l’État reconnaisse enfin sa part de responsabilité.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous tenez à ce que cette reconnaissance soit gravée dans le marbre de la loi, afin d’en garantir la pérennité. Après nos débats en commission, le groupe Renaissance a décidé de vous suivre sur cette voie, sans toutefois occulter le fait que d’autres responsabilités ont été à l’œuvre. Cela a d’ailleurs été plusieurs fois souligné par les orateurs qui sont intervenus lors de la discussion générale, et c’est l’objet de l’amendement que je défendrai.Il est vrai que cet acte symbolique, que nous pouvons soutenir collectivement, est important, mais il n’apporte pas de réponses nouvelles aux populations antillaises qui ont été touchées. Il est donc essentiel d’évoquer aussi le plan Chlordécone IV, qui a d’ailleurs fait l’objet d’une évolution budgétaire considérable – son budget est passé de 90 à 130 millions d’euros.Je vous propose donc d’inscrire également dans la loi les engagements concrets que l’État doit continuer à prendre et qui font d’ailleurs l’objet de financements croissants et conséquents. Les enjeux sont nombreux : il faut renforcer la recherche et améliorer les connaissances scientifiques, afin de mesurer les incidences de l’usage du chlordécone et de remédier à ses effets défavorables sur l’environnement, la santé humaine et l’activité économique ; mener des actions visant à supprimer le risque d’exposition au chlordécone, notamment pour protéger la santé des populations en garantissant leur sécurité sanitaire et alimentaire ; et à terme, supprimer les risques liés à la pollution au chlordécone des terres et des milieux aquatiques.Je vous propose également la création d’une instance indépendante chargée d’évaluer régulièrement l’atteinte de ces objectifs. Le groupe Renaissance approuve également votre volonté d’inscrire dans la loi l’objectif de poursuivre l’indemnisation des victimes, qui doit concentrer toute notre attention.D’importantes avancées ont été menées depuis 2020, en particulier la reconnaissance de maladies professionnelles liées à l’exposition au chlordécone. Une telle possibilité est un progrès majeur pour les travailleurs exposés ainsi que pour leurs enfants. Cependant, monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez soulevé la difficulté d’instruire les dossiers d’indemnisation, et c’est d’ailleurs pour y remédier que l’État a décidé de financer une association venant en appui aux victimes, afin de les accompagner concrètement dans la constitution de leur dossier.En outre, nous devons poursuivre les études permettant d’identifier le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le fait de contracter certaines pathologies, donc ses conséquences pour la santé des personnes, afin d’ouvrir la voie à une indemnisation liée à ces situations spécifiques. À ce titre, la création d’un fonds dédié aux victimes du chlordécone serait une avancée, à la fois pour faciliter l’accès à l’indemnisation et pour en élargir la portée, au-delà des seules victimes de maladies professionnelles.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous pouvez compter sur mon appui plein et entier en vue d’atteindre cet objectif : avançons ensemble pour continuer d’apporter des réponses concrètes aux populations antillaises de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 24,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381802",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 666,
   "annotation_id": "N474d05b3c19c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous examinons aujourd’hui la proposition de loi de notre collègue [PERSONNE] visant à inscrire dans la loi la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État vis-à-vis des victimes du chlordécone.Je veux tout d’abord remercier M. le rapporteur d’avoir mis ce sujet à l’ordre du jour, car c’est un sujet majeur. L’usage du chlordécone a fait des ravages dans les Antilles. Il a entraîné une pollution durable des sols, des eaux et, par répercussion, a provoqué – et provoquera encore – de graves pathologies dont souffre la population antillaise.De 1972 à 1993, l’État a laissé faire. Il a donc incontestablement une part de responsabilité dans cette situation ; il ne doit y avoir aucune ambiguïté là-dessus. Trente années plus tard, il était nécessaire de réparer ces préjudices, et c’est ce que nous avons collectivement commencé à faire depuis quelques années.Une étape importante a été franchie en 2018, lorsque le Président de la République a reconnu officiellement la part de responsabilité de l’État. Il aura donc fallu attendre près de trente ans après l’arrêt de l’usage du chlordécone pour que l’État reconnaisse enfin sa part de responsabilité.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous tenez à ce que cette reconnaissance soit gravée dans le marbre de la loi, afin d’en garantir la pérennité. Après nos débats en commission, le groupe [GROUPE] a décidé de vous suivre sur cette voie, sans toutefois occulter le fait que d’autres responsabilités ont été à l’œuvre. Cela a d’ailleurs été plusieurs fois souligné par les orateurs qui sont intervenus lors de la discussion générale, et c’est l’objet de l’amendement que je défendrai.Il est vrai que cet acte symbolique, que nous pouvons soutenir collectivement, est important, mais il n’apporte pas de réponses nouvelles aux populations antillaises qui ont été touchées. Il est donc essentiel d’évoquer aussi le plan Chlordécone IV, qui a d’ailleurs fait l’objet d’une évolution budgétaire considérable – son budget est passé de 90 à 130 millions d’euros.Je vous propose donc d’inscrire également dans la loi les engagements concrets que l’État doit continuer à prendre et qui font d’ailleurs l’objet de financements croissants et conséquents. Les enjeux sont nombreux : il faut renforcer la recherche et améliorer les connaissances scientifiques, afin de mesurer les incidences de l’usage du chlordécone et de remédier à ses effets défavorables sur l’environnement, la santé humaine et l’activité économique ; mener des actions visant à supprimer le risque d’exposition au chlordécone, notamment pour protéger la santé des populations en garantissant leur sécurité sanitaire et alimentaire ; et à terme, supprimer les risques liés à la pollution au chlordécone des terres et des milieux aquatiques.Je vous propose également la création d’une instance indépendante chargée d’évaluer régulièrement l’atteinte de ces objectifs. Le groupe [GROUPE] approuve également votre volonté d’inscrire dans la loi l’objectif de poursuivre l’indemnisation des victimes, qui doit concentrer toute notre attention.D’importantes avancées ont été menées depuis 2020, en particulier la reconnaissance de maladies professionnelles liées à l’exposition au chlordécone. Une telle possibilité est un progrès majeur pour les travailleurs exposés ainsi que pour leurs enfants. Cependant, monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez soulevé la difficulté d’instruire les dossiers d’indemnisation, et c’est d’ailleurs pour y remédier que l’État a décidé de financer une association venant en appui aux victimes, afin de les accompagner concrètement dans la constitution de leur dossier.En outre, nous devons poursuivre les études permettant d’identifier le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le fait de contracter certaines pathologies, donc ses conséquences pour la santé des personnes, afin d’ouvrir la voie à une indemnisation liée à ces situations spécifiques. À ce titre, la création d’un fonds dédié aux victimes du chlordécone serait une avancée, à la fois pour faciliter l’accès à l’indemnisation et pour en élargir la portée, au-delà des seules victimes de maladies professionnelles.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous pouvez compter sur mon appui plein et entier en vue d’atteindre cet objectif : avançons ensemble pour continuer d’apporter des réponses concrètes aux populations antillaises de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381736",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381736"
   ],
   "order": 36,
   "text": "L’Assemblée nationale se saisit enfin de ce douloureux sujet, un sujet difficile, lié à une tragédie silencieuse qui se déroule et perdure depuis des décennies dans les territoires pourtant idylliques de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique, une tragédie écologique, humaine et sanitaire causée par le chlordécone, insecticide insidieux utilisé pendant des années dans les plantations de bananes, malgré les avertissements précoces alertant sur sa nocivité, une tragédie sur laquelle, je tiens à le rappeler, Marine Le Pen a été l’une des premières responsables politiques à appeler l’attention au niveau national. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 36,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381736",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "Ncb9b1940dace",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’Assemblée nationale se saisit enfin de ce douloureux sujet, un sujet difficile, lié à une tragédie silencieuse qui se déroule et perdure depuis des décennies dans les territoires pourtant idylliques de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique, une tragédie écologique, humaine et sanitaire causée par le chlordécone, insecticide insidieux utilisé pendant des années dans les plantations de bananes, malgré les avertissements précoces alertant sur sa nocivité, une tragédie sur laquelle, je tiens à le rappeler, [PERSONNE] a été l’une des premières responsables politiques à appeler l’attention au niveau national. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381739",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381739"
   ],
   "order": 38,
   "text": "Dès le début de sa production, ce pesticide a semé la désolation sur son passage. Connu sous le nom de Kepone lors de sa conception en Virginie dans les années 1960, il a rapidement suscité de vives inquiétudes du fait de ses effets secondaires.En effet, après plusieurs années d’exposition à cette substance toxique, les travailleurs américains chargés de sa production ont commencé à manifester des symptômes alarmants, notamment des troubles neurologiques et des problèmes respiratoires. En conséquence, l’usine responsable de sa fabrication fut fermée, dès 1976. L’accès à la rivière James, qui coulait à côté de l’usine, a été interdit pendant treize ans.Pourtant, la France a ignoré ces mises en garde et a continué à autoriser l’utilisation de ce pesticide dans les Antilles jusqu’en 1993. L’économie prévalait alors sur la vie, le profit sur le bon sens. Les gains à court terme ont été privilégiés au détriment de la santé de plusieurs générations de Français.Le coût de cette politique est colossal pour nos compatriotes d’outre-mer. Sur des milliers d’hectares, les sols sont contaminés ; les rivières, les mers et les poissons sont empoisonnés. Les cultures, les élevages : toute une économie a été anéantie. Des familles entières qui vivaient de leur activité se sont retrouvées sans rien, quasiment du jour au lendemain.Les effets du pesticide sur la santé des habitants ont également été dévastateurs, ce dont témoigne l’augmentation des taux de cancer de la prostate, trois fois supérieurs chez les personnes exposées au chlordécone. Mais au-delà des conséquences sanitaires, écologiques et économiques, son utilisation a surtout eu des répercussions sociales terribles. Elle a privé des générations entières de la possibilité de jouir paisiblement de leurs terres. C’est toute une culture locale qui a été frappée. Et elle le sera encore pendant des décennies, voire des siècles. Les autorités françaises ne peuvent plus ignorer l’évidence : l’affaire du chlordécone est un scandale.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 38,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381739",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 311,
   "annotation_id": "Necf5e140aebb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dès le début de sa production, ce pesticide a semé la désolation sur son passage. Connu sous le nom de Kepone lors de sa conception en Virginie dans les années 1960, il a rapidement suscité de vives inquiétudes du fait de ses effets secondaires.En effet, après plusieurs années d’exposition à cette substance toxique, les travailleurs américains chargés de sa production ont commencé à manifester des symptômes alarmants, notamment des troubles neurologiques et des problèmes respiratoires. En conséquence, l’usine responsable de sa fabrication fut fermée, dès 1976. L’accès à la rivière James, qui coulait à côté de l’usine, a été interdit pendant treize ans.Pourtant, la France a ignoré ces mises en garde et a continué à autoriser l’utilisation de ce pesticide dans les Antilles jusqu’en 1993. L’économie prévalait alors sur la vie, le profit sur le bon sens. Les gains à court terme ont été privilégiés au détriment de la santé de plusieurs générations de Français.Le coût de cette politique est colossal pour nos compatriotes d’outre-mer. Sur des milliers d’hectares, les sols sont contaminés ; les rivières, les mers et les poissons sont empoisonnés. Les cultures, les élevages : toute une économie a été anéantie. Des familles entières qui vivaient de leur activité se sont retrouvées sans rien, quasiment du jour au lendemain.Les effets du pesticide sur la santé des habitants ont également été dévastateurs, ce dont témoigne l’augmentation des taux de cancer de la prostate, trois fois supérieurs chez les personnes exposées au chlordécone. Mais au-delà des conséquences sanitaires, écologiques et économiques, son utilisation a surtout eu des répercussions sociales terribles. Elle a privé des générations entières de la possibilité de jouir paisiblement de leurs terres. C’est toute une culture locale qui a été frappée. Et elle le sera encore pendant des décennies, voire des siècles. Les autorités françaises ne peuvent plus ignorer l’évidence : l’affaire du chlordécone est un scandale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381746",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 45,
   "text": "Alors que l’on aurait pu espérer un changement, dès lors que le Président de la République avait reconnu une part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce désastre, en 2019, il rétropédale, minimisant la gravité des conséquences du pesticide, allant jusqu’à nier son caractère potentiellement cancérigène – le fameux « en même temps » macronien.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 45,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381746",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "Nd7b7a4d16921",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que l’on aurait pu espérer un changement, dès lors que le Président de la République avait reconnu une part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce désastre, en 2019, il rétropédale, minimisant la gravité des conséquences du pesticide, allant jusqu’à nier son caractère potentiellement cancérigène – le fameux « en même temps » macronien."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381748",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381748"
   ],
   "order": 47,
   "text": "Qu’il s’agisse des problèmes de l’immigration à Mayotte, du coût élevé de la vie à La Réunion ou de la difficulté de l’accès à l’eau potable en Guadeloupe, le Gouvernement se contente d’assurer le service minimum, qui est loin de répondre à l’urgence des préoccupations de nos compatriotes ultramarins. Cette attitude mêlée d’insuffisance et d’indifférence envers les populations antillaises doit cesser.La population de Guadeloupe et de Martinique attend que la responsabilité de l’État soit reconnue dans le scandale du chlordécone et qu’une politique de réparation pour les nombreuses victimes soit engagée. Et je ne parle pas seulement des professionnels de la pêche ou de l’élevage, dont les cancers de la prostate ont été reconnus comme une maladie professionnelle, mais de toutes les personnes touchées directement ou indirectement par l’utilisation du chlordécone. Des centaines de milliers de personnes seraient concernées.Ce n’est pas avec le faible budget alloué au plan Chlordécone IV, fixé à 92 millions d’euros pour une période de six ans, que nous répondrons à cette crise. Ce budget, même s’il est supérieur aux trois précédents, est clairement insuffisant. Ce n’est pas en millions mais en milliards que l’on devrait parler !Des investissements massifs, bien supérieurs à ceux envisagés dans ce plan, seront nécessaires afin de prendre de véritables mesures de prévention, de suivi, de recherche, d’information et d’indemnisation pour les populations affectées. Ce scandale sanitaire ne peut plus être traité à la légère. L’État doit assumer ses responsabilités dans cette tragédie.C’est pourquoi le Rassemblement national votera pour cette proposition de loi qui doit tendre, non pas seulement à répondre à une tragédie passée, mais à préparer l’avenir. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 47,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381748",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 275,
   "annotation_id": "N6102e38cf8eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Qu’il s’agisse des problèmes de l’immigration à Mayotte, du coût élevé de la vie à La Réunion ou de la difficulté de l’accès à l’eau potable en Guadeloupe, le Gouvernement se contente d’assurer le service minimum, qui est loin de répondre à l’urgence des préoccupations de nos compatriotes ultramarins. Cette attitude mêlée d’insuffisance et d’indifférence envers les populations antillaises doit cesser.La population de Guadeloupe et de Martinique attend que la responsabilité de l’État soit reconnue dans le scandale du chlordécone et qu’une politique de réparation pour les nombreuses victimes soit engagée. Et je ne parle pas seulement des professionnels de la pêche ou de l’élevage, dont les cancers de la prostate ont été reconnus comme une maladie professionnelle, mais de toutes les personnes touchées directement ou indirectement par l’utilisation du chlordécone. Des centaines de milliers de personnes seraient concernées.Ce n’est pas avec le faible budget alloué au plan Chlordécone IV, fixé à 92 millions d’euros pour une période de six ans, que nous répondrons à cette crise. Ce budget, même s’il est supérieur aux trois précédents, est clairement insuffisant. Ce n’est pas en millions mais en milliards que l’on devrait parler !Des investissements massifs, bien supérieurs à ceux envisagés dans ce plan, seront nécessaires afin de prendre de véritables mesures de prévention, de suivi, de recherche, d’information et d’indemnisation pour les populations affectées. Ce scandale sanitaire ne peut plus être traité à la légère. L’État doit assumer ses responsabilités dans cette tragédie.C’est pourquoi le [GROUPE] votera pour cette proposition de loi qui doit tendre, non pas seulement à répondre à une tragédie passée, mais à préparer l’avenir. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381754",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381754"
   ],
   "order": 53,
   "text": "Alors que la contamination au chlordécone continue ses ravages aux Antilles, l’État a aujourd’hui, à travers ce texte, l’opportunité historique de réarmer, un tant soit peu, son image et sa dignité. Par dérogation, nos pays ont été purement et simplement empoisonnés. Le chlordécone, pesticide ultratoxique interdit en France hexagonale en 1990 et aux États-Unis dès 1976, a pourtant été autorisé jusqu’en 1993 dans nos territoires, au mépris du principe de précaution et malgré sa nocivité connue et reconnue par les autorités publiques et scientifiques !Nos terres, mers et cours d’eau sont durablement contaminés. Les concentrations en chlordécone y sont cinquante fois supérieures aux normes européennes. Nos cultures, productions animales et autres activités de pêche sont lourdement touchées. Plus de 90 % des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés et l’on déplore une forte augmentation des cancers, notamment de la prostate, des malformations génitales et des problèmes de fertilité à l’heure où vous osez nous assigner des objectifs de réarmement démographique.Ce scandale d’État tient autant à l’empoisonnement perpétré en parfaite connaissance de cause, qu’au refus obstiné de le reconnaître officiellement et de réparer ses préjudices. Il demeure l’un des symptômes les plus prégnants du continuum colonial avec lequel la France refuse de rompre.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 53,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381754",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 203,
   "annotation_id": "Nde3af21ff737",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que la contamination au chlordécone continue ses ravages aux Antilles, l’État a aujourd’hui, à travers ce texte, l’opportunité historique de réarmer, un tant soit peu, son image et sa dignité. Par dérogation, nos pays ont été purement et simplement empoisonnés. Le chlordécone, pesticide ultratoxique interdit en France hexagonale en 1990 et aux États-Unis dès 1976, a pourtant été autorisé jusqu’en 1993 dans nos territoires, au mépris du principe de précaution et malgré sa nocivité connue et reconnue par les autorités publiques et scientifiques !Nos terres, mers et cours d’eau sont durablement contaminés. Les concentrations en chlordécone y sont cinquante fois supérieures aux normes européennes. Nos cultures, productions animales et autres activités de pêche sont lourdement touchées. Plus de 90 % des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés et l’on déplore une forte augmentation des cancers, notamment de la prostate, des malformations génitales et des problèmes de fertilité à l’heure où vous osez nous assigner des objectifs de réarmement démographique.Ce scandale d’État tient autant à l’empoisonnement perpétré en parfaite connaissance de cause, qu’au refus obstiné de le reconnaître officiellement et de réparer ses préjudices. Il demeure l’un des symptômes les plus prégnants du continuum colonial avec lequel la France refuse de rompre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381757",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381757"
   ],
   "order": 57,
   "text": "L’heure de la réparation a sonné et la reconnaissance symbolique par l’État de sa responsabilité à l’origine de ce scandale relève du niveau plancher de la décence.C’est d’ailleurs pourquoi le vote de ce texte n’est qu’un premier pas, d’autres sont à venir. Il faudra légiférer pour reconnaître comme maladie professionnelle les cancers du sein et de l’utérus dont sont atteintes les ouvrières agricoles et assouplir les conditions de reconnaissance comme maladie professionnelle du cancer de la prostate dont souffrent nombre d’ouvriers agricoles. Il faudra prévoir, par une loi de programmation et une loi de finances, de dépolluer nos territoires, détoxiquer nos populations, réparer les préjudices corporels, environnementaux, moraux et économiques.Il faudra créer un régime d’indemnisation dérogatoire au droit commun pour réparer lesdits préjudices, sur le modèle de ce qui a été fait pour les victimes de l’amiante. Il faudra créer une autorité administrative indépendante – c’est d’ailleurs l’objet d’une proposition de loi de mon excellent collègue Marcellin Nadeau.Après tant de déceptions et de désillusions, d’incompréhension et de colère, comme celle qui a suivi l’inacceptable non-lieu prononcé le 2 janvier 2023, après les insuffisances des plans Chlordécone qui se sont succédé, présentés pourtant avec suffisance mais jamais à la hauteur de nos attentes légitimes, après tant de criantes discriminations dans le traitement des victimes du chlordécone et celles de l’amiante, il est temps que l’État, si prompt à concéder des dérogations sous la pression des lobbys, reconnaisse enfin sa responsabilité, ce qui ouvrirait droit à indemnisation.Le colonialisme tend à exiger que les peuples colonisés se taisent et se satisfassent des miettes qui leur sont versées. Cette époque est révolue ! Nous ne nous tairons plus, forts de notre unité qui transcende les clivages politiques et territoriaux, et de l’extraordinaire mobilisation de nos peuples. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.)La France ne peut plus sacrifier notre dignité et notre humanité sur l’autel des intérêts pécuniaires d’une minorité.Je finirai en adressant un mot à nos compatriotes de Martinique et de Guadeloupe : Allons ! Enfants des colonies ! Allons ! Enfants maltraités par la patrie !À l’issue de ce vote, nous saurons, Si un jour de gloire peut arriver ! (Mmes et MM. les députés des groupes LFI-NUPES, GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES, ainsi que M. Christian Baptiste, se lèvent et applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 57,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381757",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 378,
   "annotation_id": "N2913aefaa272",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BIMQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’heure de la réparation a sonné et la reconnaissance symbolique par l’État de sa responsabilité à l’origine de ce scandale relève du niveau plancher de la décence.C’est d’ailleurs pourquoi le vote de ce texte n’est qu’un premier pas, d’autres sont à venir. Il faudra légiférer pour reconnaître comme maladie professionnelle les cancers du sein et de l’utérus dont sont atteintes les ouvrières agricoles et assouplir les conditions de reconnaissance comme maladie professionnelle du cancer de la prostate dont souffrent nombre d’ouvriers agricoles. Il faudra prévoir, par une loi de programmation et une loi de finances, de dépolluer nos territoires, détoxiquer nos populations, réparer les préjudices corporels, environnementaux, moraux et économiques.Il faudra créer un régime d’indemnisation dérogatoire au droit commun pour réparer lesdits préjudices, sur le modèle de ce qui a été fait pour les victimes de l’amiante. Il faudra créer une autorité administrative indépendante – c’est d’ailleurs l’objet d’une proposition de loi de mon excellent collègue [PERSONNE].Après tant de déceptions et de désillusions, d’incompréhension et de colère, comme celle qui a suivi l’inacceptable non-lieu prononcé le 2 janvier 2023, après les insuffisances des plans Chlordécone qui se sont succédé, présentés pourtant avec suffisance mais jamais à la hauteur de nos attentes légitimes, après tant de criantes discriminations dans le traitement des victimes du chlordécone et celles de l’amiante, il est temps que l’État, si prompt à concéder des dérogations sous la pression des lobbys, reconnaisse enfin sa responsabilité, ce qui ouvrirait droit à indemnisation.Le colonialisme tend à exiger que les peuples colonisés se taisent et se satisfassent des miettes qui leur sont versées. Cette époque est révolue ! Nous ne nous tairons plus, forts de notre unité qui transcende les clivages politiques et territoriaux, et de l’extraordinaire mobilisation de nos peuples. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)La France ne peut plus sacrifier notre dignité et notre humanité sur l’autel des intérêts pécuniaires d’une minorité.Je finirai en adressant un mot à nos compatriotes de Martinique et de Guadeloupe : Allons ! Enfants des colonies ! Allons ! Enfants maltraités par la patrie !À l’issue de ce vote, nous saurons, Si un jour de gloire peut arriver ! (Mmes et MM. les députés des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE], ainsi que M. [PERSONNE], se lèvent et applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381765",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381765"
   ],
   "order": 65,
   "text": "La quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés par le chlordécone. Toxique et bioaccumulable, cette substance n’est plus utilisée depuis 1993 mais, du fait de sa rémanence, elle reste présente dans les sols et peut se retrouver dans certaines denrées végétales et animales, ainsi que dans des captages d’eau. Les risques ont été rappelés : cancers de la prostate, accouchements prématurés et sans doute bien d’autre pathologies.Cette injustice ressentie par les Antillais…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 65,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381765",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "Nbfbc8721db37",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés par le chlordécone. Toxique et bioaccumulable, cette substance n’est plus utilisée depuis 1993 mais, du fait de sa rémanence, elle reste présente dans les sols et peut se retrouver dans certaines denrées végétales et animales, ainsi que dans des captages d’eau. Les risques ont été rappelés : cancers de la prostate, accouchements prématurés et sans doute bien d’autre pathologies.Cette injustice ressentie par les Antillais…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381768",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381768"
   ],
   "order": 68,
   "text": "…est en partie responsable du sentiment de déconnexion et d’abandon qu’ils éprouvent. C’est aussi toute l’économie de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe qui est frappée. Les conséquences de la pollution ne sont pas seulement sanitaires, elles sont aussi économiques. Les populations locales paient leur tribut au chlordécone, à commencer par les plus pauvres, car ceux qui n’ont pas les moyens d’acheter des produits importés, plus chers, se rabattent sur la production locale, qui est contaminée.Disons-le clairement : si cette contamination avait frappé la métropole, on aurait réagi depuis longtemps. Nous n’acceptons plus cette politique du deux poids deux mesures entre la métropole et l’outre-mer, alors que nous ne formons qu’un seul pays : la France.La prise de conscience de ce problème a conduit l’État à édicter des mesures sanitaires et agronomiques. C’est François Fillon qui a initié en 2008 le premier plan Chlordécone. D’autres ont suivi. Celui en vigueur, le plan Chlordécone IV, ne prévoit pas de financements suffisants et il est, de surcroît, sous-financé. Bien sûr, on nous annonce des sommes extraordinaires mais en pratique, lorsque l’on compare ce qui peut l’être, l’on s’aperçoit que moins de 11 millions sont débloqués chaque année pour le plan IV contre 12 millions pour le premier, en 2010, près de quinze ans plus tôt.Les actions engagées doivent être améliorées et l’ampleur des contaminations impose de définir une stratégie de long terme. Il faut financer correctement le plan Chlordécone IV car, pour l’heure, le compte n’y est pas. Les paroles c’est bien mais les actes, c’est mieux.Je salue l’initiative de mes collègues socialistes qui, par cette proposition de loi, tentent d’apporter une solution à ces populations.Le groupe Les Républicains soutient avec force l’objectif du texte : donner corps à la reconnaissance, il y a quelques années, par le Président de la République, de la responsabilité de l’État. Toutefois, l’engagement de cette responsabilité ne doit pas servir de prétexte à une chasse à l’homme comme pourraient le laisser craindre certains amendements.C’est vrai, l’État a commis une faute, qui doit être réparée, mais l’État n’est pas le seul acteur en cause dans cette affaire.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 68,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381768",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 350,
   "annotation_id": "Ne26043ea8aa1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…est en partie responsable du sentiment de déconnexion et d’abandon qu’ils éprouvent. C’est aussi toute l’économie de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe qui est frappée. Les conséquences de la pollution ne sont pas seulement sanitaires, elles sont aussi économiques. Les populations locales paient leur tribut au chlordécone, à commencer par les plus pauvres, car ceux qui n’ont pas les moyens d’acheter des produits importés, plus chers, se rabattent sur la production locale, qui est contaminée.Disons-le clairement : si cette contamination avait frappé la métropole, on aurait réagi depuis longtemps. Nous n’acceptons plus cette politique du deux poids deux mesures entre la métropole et l’outre-mer, alors que nous ne formons qu’un seul pays : la France.La prise de conscience de ce problème a conduit l’État à édicter des mesures sanitaires et agronomiques. C’est [PERSONNE] qui a initié en 2008 le premier plan Chlordécone. D’autres ont suivi. Celui en vigueur, le plan Chlordécone IV, ne prévoit pas de financements suffisants et il est, de surcroît, sous-financé. Bien sûr, on nous annonce des sommes extraordinaires mais en pratique, lorsque l’on compare ce qui peut l’être, l’on s’aperçoit que moins de 11 millions sont débloqués chaque année pour le plan IV contre 12 millions pour le premier, en 2010, près de quinze ans plus tôt.Les actions engagées doivent être améliorées et l’ampleur des contaminations impose de définir une stratégie de long terme. Il faut financer correctement le plan Chlordécone IV car, pour l’heure, le compte n’y est pas. Les paroles c’est bien mais les actes, c’est mieux.Je salue l’initiative de mes collègues socialistes qui, par cette proposition de loi, tentent d’apporter une solution à ces populations.Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient avec force l’objectif du texte : donner corps à la reconnaissance, il y a quelques années, par le Président de la République, de la responsabilité de l’État. Toutefois, l’engagement de cette responsabilité ne doit pas servir de prétexte à une chasse à l’homme comme pourraient le laisser craindre certains amendements.C’est vrai, l’État a commis une faute, qui doit être réparée, mais l’État n’est pas le seul acteur en cause dans cette affaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381776",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381776"
   ],
   "order": 76,
   "text": "Le scandale du chlordécone résulte d’un choix collectif fait par l’État, les élus locaux, les acteurs économiques car tous ont, à une époque, pesé de leur poids pour laisser faire.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 76,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381776",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nffe301e7c1da",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le scandale du chlordécone résulte d’un choix collectif fait par l’État, les élus locaux, les acteurs économiques car tous ont, à une époque, pesé de leur poids pour laisser faire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381778",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381778"
   ],
   "order": 78,
   "text": "Nous serons très attentifs à ce que les droits des populations soient respectés lorsque nous chercherons à identifier les responsabilités mais nous le serons tout autant à ce que l’application de l’article 1er respecte les équilibres en présence. Plus que de symboles, les populations antillaises ont besoin de réparation. Depuis des années, elles demandent à être reconnues et indemnisées pour le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental qu’elles ont subi. Nous, députés du groupe Les Républicains, veillerons à ce que les fautes dont elles souffrent encore aujourd’hui soient réparées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 78,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381778",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "Nd50c6e399785",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous serons très attentifs à ce que les droits des populations soient respectés lorsque nous chercherons à identifier les responsabilités mais nous le serons tout autant à ce que l’application de l’article 1er respecte les équilibres en présence. Plus que de symboles, les populations antillaises ont besoin de réparation. Depuis des années, elles demandent à être reconnues et indemnisées pour le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental qu’elles ont subi. Nous, députés du groupe [GROUPE], veillerons à ce que les fautes dont elles souffrent encore aujourd’hui soient réparées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381639",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381639"
   ],
   "order": 80,
   "text": "Nous examinons aujourd’hui un sujet particulièrement sensible, tant il suscite d’émotion, d’incompréhension et de colère chez nos compatriotes antillais. Je veux parler du chlordécone, pesticide épandu pendant plus de vingt ans – dont trois au-delà de son interdiction officielle pour dangerosité avérée – sur les bananeraies de deux départements français d’outre-mer : la Martinique et la Guadeloupe.En raison de sa rémanence, la molécule a continué de contaminer sols, eaux, faune, flore – et il se dit que cette contamination durera 700 ans – et malheureusement aussi la population, en particulier par le biais de la chaîne alimentaire.Face aux conséquences sur la santé, l’environnement, l’agriculture et l’économie locale de cette pollution durable et généralisée – qui concernerait 25 % des terres arables –, associations et élus se battent depuis des années pour obtenir la reconnaissance de l’existence d’un scandale sanitaire, ainsi qu’une réparation et la prise en charge des victimes.Votre proposition de loi, monsieur le rapporteur Califer, constitue une nouvelle expression de ce combat, dont les demandes sont légitimes.Il nous faut à présent répondre à trois questions. En premier lieu, qui reconnaître comme fautif dans ce désastre, quand les responsabilités sont à la fois scientifiques,…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 80,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381639",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 194,
   "annotation_id": "N6dddb1f91b93",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous examinons aujourd’hui un sujet particulièrement sensible, tant il suscite d’émotion, d’incompréhension et de colère chez nos compatriotes antillais. Je veux parler du chlordécone, pesticide épandu pendant plus de vingt ans – dont trois au-delà de son interdiction officielle pour dangerosité avérée – sur les bananeraies de deux départements français d’outre-mer : la Martinique et la Guadeloupe.En raison de sa rémanence, la molécule a continué de contaminer sols, eaux, faune, flore – et il se dit que cette contamination durera 700 ans – et malheureusement aussi la population, en particulier par le biais de la chaîne alimentaire.Face aux conséquences sur la santé, l’environnement, l’agriculture et l’économie locale de cette pollution durable et généralisée – qui concernerait 25 % des terres arables –, associations et élus se battent depuis des années pour obtenir la reconnaissance de l’existence d’un scandale sanitaire, ainsi qu’une réparation et la prise en charge des victimes.Votre proposition de loi, monsieur le rapporteur Califer, constitue une nouvelle expression de ce combat, dont les demandes sont légitimes.Il nous faut à présent répondre à trois questions. En premier lieu, qui reconnaître comme fautif dans ce désastre, quand les responsabilités sont à la fois scientifiques,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381645",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381645"
   ],
   "order": 86,
   "text": "…économiques et politiques ? En deuxième lieu, des moyens d’accompagnement et de prise en charge adéquats sont-ils mis en œuvre en faveur des victimes et du monde agricole ? Enfin, comment mettre fin aux conséquences sanitaires et écologiques de cette pollution ?Il existe, de toute évidence, une responsabilité partagée entre les acteurs économiques, scientifiques et les gouvernements de l’époque, qui, en toute connaissance de cause, ont autorisé l’épandage de produits à base de chlordécone à titre dérogatoire jusqu’en 1993, soit trois ans au-delà de leur interdiction officielle. Ces trois années supplémentaires ont-elles aggravé la situation ? Probablement non, car les vingt années d’utilisation précédentes avaient déjà semé le mal. Cependant, en 1990, lorsque les dérogations ont été accordées, la dangerosité de la poudre blanche était connue. Ceux qui ont fabriqué, ceux qui ont autorisé et ceux qui ont utilisé le chlordécone sont ainsi conjointement responsables.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 86,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381645",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "N0fa3821d81c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…économiques et politiques ? En deuxième lieu, des moyens d’accompagnement et de prise en charge adéquats sont-ils mis en œuvre en faveur des victimes et du monde agricole ? Enfin, comment mettre fin aux conséquences sanitaires et écologiques de cette pollution ?Il existe, de toute évidence, une responsabilité partagée entre les acteurs économiques, scientifiques et les gouvernements de l’époque, qui, en toute connaissance de cause, ont autorisé l’épandage de produits à base de chlordécone à titre dérogatoire jusqu’en 1993, soit trois ans au-delà de leur interdiction officielle. Ces trois années supplémentaires ont-elles aggravé la situation ? Probablement non, car les vingt années d’utilisation précédentes avaient déjà semé le mal. Cependant, en 1990, lorsque les dérogations ont été accordées, la dangerosité de la poudre blanche était connue. Ceux qui ont fabriqué, ceux qui ont autorisé et ceux qui ont utilisé le chlordécone sont ainsi conjointement responsables."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381650",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381650"
   ],
   "order": 91,
   "text": "En 2018, le président Emmanuel Macron reconnaît solennellement que l’État doit « prendre sa part de responsabilité dans cette pollution » invitant à « avancer dans le chemin de la réparation et des projets ».Depuis cette déclaration, l’État met les bouchées doubles pour réparer la défaillance de ses services, accompagner les victimes, notamment les agriculteurs, et faire face à la pollution. Le plan Chlordécone est reconduit depuis plusieurs années. Il vise, entre autres, à réduire l’exposition des populations au chlordécone, à tendre vers le zéro chlordécone dans l’alimentation, à prendre en charge les impacts liés à la pollution dans les domaines de la santé, de l’agriculture et de la pêche. Au nombre des actions mises en œuvre, il convient en outre d’évoquer l’étude Kannari, la gratuité des tests sanguins de dépistage, la reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate consécutif à une exposition au chlordécone comme maladie professionnelle, l’inclusion de l’exposition au chlordécone parmi les causes de prise en charge par le Fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides (FIVP), la compensation des dommages économiques par l’État et le soutien financier à la recherche.Enfin, comment éviter que les conséquences sanitaires et écologiques ne perdurent, si ce n’est en dépolluant les sols ? Le projet Pyrosar propose une approche scientifique innovante de dépollution des sols par la transformation des sargasses – algues brunes toxiques – en charbon actif capable de fixer les molécules de chlordécone. Je salue Sarra Gaspard, professeur de chimie à l’origine de cette découverte. Grâce à elle, nous serions en passe de résoudre deux problèmes environnementaux majeurs de nos départements en transformant une contrainte en opportunité. Ce projet doit maintenant être accompagné pour que nous entrevoyions la fin de cette catastrophe sanitaire.Ainsi, mes chers collègues, les réponses concrètes aux dommages évoqués dans la proposition de loi de notre collègue rapporteur Elie Califer sont déjà nombreuses. Mais nous sommes ici en présence de demandes d’une autre nature : une demande adressée à l’État par une partie de sa population, en souffrance depuis trop longtemps, en faveur d’une plus grande transparence à son égard, une demande d’inscription de l’événement dans la mémoire collective, premier pas vers la guérison. Il s’agit aussi d’une démarche visant à réparer la confiance en l’État et à opérer une prise de conscience pour éviter la survenance de drames identiques dans le futur.Le groupe Démocrate comprend cette volonté d’inscrire ce processus dans le marbre législatif. Les Démocrates et indépendants voteront en faveur de cette proposition de loi, sous réserve de son amélioration rédactionnelle en cours de séance. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, RE, HOR et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 91,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381650",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 430,
   "annotation_id": "N3c9c0757f937",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJMPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En 2018, le président [PERSONNE] reconnaît solennellement que l’État doit « prendre sa part de responsabilité dans cette pollution » invitant à « avancer dans le chemin de la réparation et des projets ».Depuis cette déclaration, l’État met les bouchées doubles pour réparer la défaillance de ses services, accompagner les victimes, notamment les agriculteurs, et faire face à la pollution. Le plan Chlordécone est reconduit depuis plusieurs années. Il vise, entre autres, à réduire l’exposition des populations au chlordécone, à tendre vers le zéro chlordécone dans l’alimentation, à prendre en charge les impacts liés à la pollution dans les domaines de la santé, de l’agriculture et de la pêche. Au nombre des actions mises en œuvre, il convient en outre d’évoquer l’étude Kannari, la gratuité des tests sanguins de dépistage, la reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate consécutif à une exposition au chlordécone comme maladie professionnelle, l’inclusion de l’exposition au chlordécone parmi les causes de prise en charge par le Fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides (FIVP), la compensation des dommages économiques par l’État et le soutien financier à la recherche.Enfin, comment éviter que les conséquences sanitaires et écologiques ne perdurent, si ce n’est en dépolluant les sols ? Le projet Pyrosar propose une approche scientifique innovante de dépollution des sols par la transformation des sargasses – algues brunes toxiques – en charbon actif capable de fixer les molécules de chlordécone. Je salue Sarra Gaspard, professeur de chimie à l’origine de cette découverte. Grâce à elle, nous serions en passe de résoudre deux problèmes environnementaux majeurs de nos départements en transformant une contrainte en opportunité. Ce projet doit maintenant être accompagné pour que nous entrevoyions la fin de cette catastrophe sanitaire.Ainsi, mes chers collègues, les réponses concrètes aux dommages évoqués dans la proposition de loi de notre collègue rapporteur [PERSONNE] sont déjà nombreuses. Mais nous sommes ici en présence de demandes d’une autre nature : une demande adressée à l’État par une partie de sa population, en souffrance depuis trop longtemps, en faveur d’une plus grande transparence à son égard, une demande d’inscription de l’événement dans la mémoire collective, premier pas vers la guérison. Il s’agit aussi d’une démarche visant à réparer la confiance en l’État et à opérer une prise de conscience pour éviter la survenance de drames identiques dans le futur.Le groupe Démocrate comprend cette volonté d’inscrire ce processus dans le marbre législatif. [GROUPE] et indépendants voteront en faveur de cette proposition de loi, sous réserve de son amélioration rédactionnelle en cours de séance. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, RE, HOR et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA643143",
   "speaker": "Christian Baptiste",
   "quality": "M. Christian Baptiste",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381565",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381565"
   ],
   "order": 106,
   "text": "Le chlordécone, ce poison qui a imprégné notre terre, nos rivières et la vie de nos concitoyens, est à l’origine d’un cri de désespoir que notre nation ne peut ignorer. Certains peuvent se cacher derrière les non-lieux pour échapper à leurs responsabilités ou invoquer les prescriptions pour éviter de plonger dans les profondeurs de la tragédie humaine.En soutenant cette proposition de loi, nous faisons face à notre propre responsabilité collective envers nos concitoyens. Les victimes du chlordécone exigent que nous prenions position et que nous agissions maintenant. C’est un appel à l’action immédiate, à la justice réelle et à la restitution de la dignité volée à nos concitoyens.Alors oui, vous me direz qu’il est indéniable que des actions ont été entreprises depuis la tragédie du chlordécone dans le cadre du prétendu plan Chlordécone. Celui-ci est cependant loin d’être à la hauteur des enjeux colossaux auxquels nous devons faire face. Certes, des mesures ont été prises mais elles ne prévoient pas les réparations nécessaires, tant sur le plan de la santé que sur ceux de la justice ou de l’environnement.En soutenant cette proposition de loi, nous disons non seulement que les actions passées ont été insuffisantes mais aussi que nous sommes prêts à rectifier le tir et à déployer des mesures qui répondent véritablement aux besoins des victimes. Faisons preuve de courage politique et adoptons des solutions ambitieuses. C’est pourquoi je voterai le texte.J’aimerais enfin m’adresser à Mme Parmentier-Lecoq.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 106,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381565",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 238,
   "annotation_id": "N0e2d0d908d06",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le chlordécone, ce poison qui a imprégné notre terre, nos rivières et la vie de nos concitoyens, est à l’origine d’un cri de désespoir que notre nation ne peut ignorer. Certains peuvent se cacher derrière les non-lieux pour échapper à leurs responsabilités ou invoquer les prescriptions pour éviter de plonger dans les profondeurs de la tragédie humaine.En soutenant cette proposition de loi, nous faisons face à notre propre responsabilité collective envers nos concitoyens. Les victimes du chlordécone exigent que nous prenions position et que nous agissions maintenant. C’est un appel à l’action immédiate, à la justice réelle et à la restitution de la dignité volée à nos concitoyens.Alors oui, vous me direz qu’il est indéniable que des actions ont été entreprises depuis la tragédie du chlordécone dans le cadre du prétendu plan Chlordécone. Celui-ci est cependant loin d’être à la hauteur des enjeux colossaux auxquels nous devons faire face. Certes, des mesures ont été prises mais elles ne prévoient pas les réparations nécessaires, tant sur le plan de la santé que sur ceux de la justice ou de l’environnement.En soutenant cette proposition de loi, nous disons non seulement que les actions passées ont été insuffisantes mais aussi que nous sommes prêts à rectifier le tir et à déployer des mesures qui répondent véritablement aux besoins des victimes. Faisons preuve de courage politique et adoptons des solutions ambitieuses. C’est pourquoi je voterai le texte.J’aimerais enfin m’adresser à Mme Parmentier-Lecoq."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA643143",
   "speaker": "Christian Baptiste",
   "quality": "M. Christian Baptiste",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381571",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381571"
   ],
   "order": 112,
   "text": "Chère Charlotte, comment les Guadeloupéens comprendraient-ils que vous qui êtes née sur les terres guadeloupéennes ne vous engagiez pas en faveur de l’adoption de cette loi ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 112,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381571",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N3d63ee46d9ed",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chère Charlotte, comment les Guadeloupéens comprendraient-ils que vous qui êtes née sur les terres guadeloupéennes ne vous engagiez pas en faveur de l’adoption de cette loi ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381574",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381574"
   ],
   "order": 115,
   "text": "Cet article vise à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans la mesure où il n’a pas respecté les avis scientifiques ni suivi les interdictions prononcées par d’autres pays, notamment les États-Unis. C’est bien l’État en tant qu’institution – autrement dit le Gouvernement – qui a autorisé la mise en vente de ces pesticides. C’est donc lui qui doit être considéré comme totalement responsable de leur usage.Il n’est pas question, par quelque tour de passe-passe ou manœuvre de contournement, d’écrire dans ce texte que les planteurs seraient les premiers responsables. Bien sûr, les propriétaires de plantations de bananes ont utilisé ce qui était autorisé par l’État (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LIOT), mais si vous autorisez la vitesse à 130 kilomètres à l’heure sur l’autoroute, vous ne pouvez pas vous plaindre que des conducteurs roulent à 130 kilomètres à l’heure sur l’autoroute.Il s’agit d’un texte historique car, pour la première fois, l’État sera reconnu responsable d’avoir autorisé des produits dangereux. Je vous garantis que cela pourra faire jurisprudence. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 115,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381574",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 192,
   "annotation_id": "N6cb83e21c531",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article vise à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans la mesure où il n’a pas respecté les avis scientifiques ni suivi les interdictions prononcées par d’autres pays, notamment les États-Unis. C’est bien l’État en tant qu’institution – autrement dit le Gouvernement – qui a autorisé la mise en vente de ces pesticides. C’est donc lui qui doit être considéré comme totalement responsable de leur usage.Il n’est pas question, par quelque tour de passe-passe ou manœuvre de contournement, d’écrire dans ce texte que les planteurs seraient les premiers responsables. Bien sûr, les propriétaires de plantations de bananes ont utilisé ce qui était autorisé par l’État (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LIOT), mais si vous autorisez la vitesse à 130 kilomètres à l’heure sur l’autoroute, vous ne pouvez pas vous plaindre que des conducteurs roulent à 130 kilomètres à l’heure sur l’autoroute.Il s’agit d’un texte historique car, pour la première fois, l’État sera reconnu responsable d’avoir autorisé des produits dangereux. Je vous garantis que cela pourra faire jurisprudence. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381578",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381578"
   ],
   "order": 119,
   "text": "Le scandale du chlordécone, avec son lot de victimes des contaminations des terres, des cours d’eau et de la mer, représente la quintessence de deux maux qui se sont combinés dans les Antilles françaises. Le premier est l’irresponsabilité écologique, avec l’épandage d’un pesticide dangereux et reconnu comme tel par des scientifiques américains dès 1976.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 119,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381578",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N5a16a4c9bb0b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "SV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le scandale du chlordécone, avec son lot de victimes des contaminations des terres, des cours d’eau et de la mer, représente la quintessence de deux maux qui se sont combinés dans les Antilles françaises. Le premier est l’irresponsabilité écologique, avec l’épandage d’un pesticide dangereux et reconnu comme tel par des scientifiques américains dès 1976."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381580",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3381580"
   ],
   "order": 121,
   "text": "Ce ne sont donc pas trois ans de dérogation mais dix-sept ans de déni et de dégâts insupportables qui ont été imposés à nos compatriotes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)Ensuite, comme cela a déjà été dit, si ce scandale avait eu lieu dans l’Hexagone, voilà bien longtemps que l’État aurait pris cette question à bras-le-corps – les relents coloniaux, voire colonisateurs sont encore bien présents. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES. – M. Olivier Faure applaudit également.)C’est pourquoi j’en appelle à ce que Malcolm Ferdinand nomme à juste titre une action « pour une écologie décoloniale ». Il faudra passer par une autorité indépendante pour assurer la réparation, la protection et la confiance. Nous ne sommes, je le crois, qu’au début de ce processus. Aussi aurai-je la responsabilité, au nom de la commission des finances, et dans le cadre du Printemps de l’évaluation, de mener des travaux à propos de l’efficacité des politiques publiques concernant le chlordécone et les sargasses, comme le prévoit le programme 162 de la mission Cohésion des territoires, et ce rapport sera rendu en mai prochain.Si notre groupe GDR-NUPES apprécie les premiers pas de ce jour, il est clair qu’ils ne suffiront pas pour achever la longue marche permettant de retrouver confiance et d’assurer l’égalité entre tous nos concitoyens avec le respect et la dignité que l’État leur doit ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 121,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3381580",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 247,
   "annotation_id": "Nb43ef25d13eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce ne sont donc pas trois ans de dérogation mais dix-sept ans de déni et de dégâts insupportables qui ont été imposés à nos compatriotes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Ensuite, comme cela a déjà été dit, si ce scandale avait eu lieu dans l’Hexagone, voilà bien longtemps que l’État aurait pris cette question à bras-le-corps – les relents coloniaux, voire colonisateurs sont encore bien présents. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)C’est pourquoi j’en appelle à ce que Malcolm Ferdinand nomme à juste titre une action « pour une écologie décoloniale ». Il faudra passer par une autorité indépendante pour assurer la réparation, la protection et la confiance. Nous ne sommes, je le crois, qu’au début de ce processus. Aussi aurai-je la responsabilité, au nom de la commission des finances, et dans le cadre du Printemps de l’évaluation, de mener des travaux à propos de l’efficacité des politiques publiques concernant le chlordécone et les sargasses, comme le prévoit le programme 162 de la mission Cohésion des territoires, et ce rapport sera rendu en mai prochain.Si notre groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] apprécie les premiers pas de ce jour, il est clair qu’ils ne suffiront pas pour achever la longue marche permettant de retrouver confiance et d’assurer l’égalité entre tous nos concitoyens avec le respect et la dignité que l’État leur doit ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720976",
   "speaker": "Max Mathiasin",
   "quality": "M. Max Mathiasin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382877",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382877"
   ],
   "order": 126,
   "text": "Je ne suis pas de ceux qui viennent quémander devant vous ici, et je ne crois pas que ce soit le cas de nos concitoyens ultramarins ni de leurs représentants dans cette assemblée, épris d’esprit républicain et de liberté.Commes tous les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais, je suis issu d’un pays où l’esclavage avait été aboli en 1794 par la Révolution, avant d’être rétabli en 1802, comme pour d’autres aussi.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 126,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382877",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "Nfa481dac9bf9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis pas de ceux qui viennent quémander devant vous ici, et je ne crois pas que ce soit le cas de nos concitoyens ultramarins ni de leurs représentants dans cette assemblée, épris d’esprit républicain et de liberté.Commes tous les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais, je suis issu d’un pays où l’esclavage avait été aboli en 1794 par la Révolution, avant d’être rétabli en 1802, comme pour d’autres aussi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720976",
   "speaker": "Max Mathiasin",
   "quality": "M. Max Mathiasin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382880",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382880"
   ],
   "order": 129,
   "text": "Et si nous en sommes arrivés à une abolition définitive, c’est grâce au combat que ces peuples et tous ceux qui sont épris de liberté ont mené dans leurs territoires respectifs.Cette proposition de loi est un cri pour la dignité définitive et complète, un cri du cœur ! Nos populations nous regardent, nos populations attendent, rivées à leur poste de télévision et de radio. J’aurais aimé que la ministre du travail, de la santé et des solidarités soit présente, mais il y a bien eu de toute façon un ministre en charge qui, à l’époque, a signé les autorisations ! Ce ne sont pas les planteurs de bananes, petits ou grands, qui ont d’eux-mêmes décidé d’épandre le chlordécone alors que l’interdiction était déjà appliquée en France hexagonale.Traitons-nous tous avec dignité, avec respect et dans un esprit d’égalité. C’est la raison pour laquelle je vous demande ici, mes chers collègues, madame la ministre déléguée, que nous reconnaissions tous la responsabilité de l’État et que nous arrêtions de biaiser avec l’esprit de liberté, avec la République, avec la politique !J’attends la discussion des amendements et la rédaction de la proposition de loi à l’issue de cette première lecture, et j’espère que nous allons avoir le courage d’aller jusqu’à cette reconnaissance de responsabilité. (M. Olivier Serva applaudit.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 129,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382880",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 214,
   "annotation_id": "N8052a77947f9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Et si nous en sommes arrivés à une abolition définitive, c’est grâce au combat que ces peuples et tous ceux qui sont épris de liberté ont mené dans leurs territoires respectifs.Cette proposition de loi est un cri pour la dignité définitive et complète, un cri du cœur ! Nos populations nous regardent, nos populations attendent, rivées à leur poste de télévision et de radio. J’aurais aimé que la ministre du travail, de la santé et des solidarités soit présente, mais il y a bien eu de toute façon un ministre en charge qui, à l’époque, a signé les autorisations ! Ce ne sont pas les planteurs de bananes, petits ou grands, qui ont d’eux-mêmes décidé d’épandre le chlordécone alors que l’interdiction était déjà appliquée en France hexagonale.Traitons-nous tous avec dignité, avec respect et dans un esprit d’égalité. C’est la raison pour laquelle je vous demande ici, mes chers collègues, madame la ministre déléguée, que nous reconnaissions tous la responsabilité de l’État et que nous arrêtions de biaiser avec l’esprit de liberté, avec la République, avec la politique !J’attends la discussion des amendements et la rédaction de la proposition de loi à l’issue de cette première lecture, et j’espère que nous allons avoir le courage d’aller jusqu’à cette reconnaissance de responsabilité. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382886",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382886"
   ],
   "order": 135,
   "text": "Ce qui est en train de se passer aujourd’hui dans cet hémicycle est proprement inqualifiable. Au départ, l’orientation du Gouvernement, c’était de mentionner une part de responsabilité de l’État, mais pas sa responsabilité entière. Cette stratégie a échoué. Maintenant, on nous impose des négociations, chipotant sur les mots, car l’on considère que le collègue Califer n’a pas suffisamment bien écrit le texte… pour imposer une nouvelle rédaction. Mais c’est une opération purement de communication que vous êtes en train de mener, madame la ministre déléguée, sur le dos de la souffrance des gens ! (« Eh oui ! » sur divers bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Respectez la souffrance des gens ! (Mêmes mouvements.)Au demeurant, si ce gouvernement était si concerné, il n’aurait pas attendu qu’un collègue de Guadeloupe dépose une proposition de loi sur le sujet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.) Il fallait qu’il anticipe les choses, assume ses responsabilités et nous propose un projet de loi cohérent, lequel aurait été peut-être beaucoup plus loin encore. Vous ne l’avez pas fait et il est trop tard pour vouloir le faire à la dernière minute. Respectez-nous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 135,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382886",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 204,
   "annotation_id": "N9f9d125ad018",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qui est en train de se passer aujourd’hui dans cet hémicycle est proprement inqualifiable. Au départ, l’orientation du Gouvernement, c’était de mentionner une part de responsabilité de l’État, mais pas sa responsabilité entière. Cette stratégie a échoué. Maintenant, on nous impose des négociations, chipotant sur les mots, car l’on considère que le collègue Califer n’a pas suffisamment bien écrit le texte… pour imposer une nouvelle rédaction. Mais c’est une opération purement de communication que vous êtes en train de mener, madame la ministre déléguée, sur le dos de la souffrance des gens ! (« Eh oui ! » sur divers bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Respectez la souffrance des gens ! (Mêmes mouvements.)Au demeurant, si ce gouvernement était si concerné, il n’aurait pas attendu qu’un collègue de Guadeloupe dépose une proposition de loi sur le sujet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Il fallait qu’il anticipe les choses, assume ses responsabilités et nous propose un projet de loi cohérent, lequel aurait été peut-être beaucoup plus loin encore. Vous ne l’avez pas fait et il est trop tard pour vouloir le faire à la dernière minute. Respectez-nous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382891",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382891"
   ],
   "order": 140,
   "text": "Le Président de la République a été le premier à reconnaître, dès 2018, cette part de responsabilité et à dénoncer l’exposition au chlordécone comme un scandale environnemental. Je crois que sa déclaration a été d’une extrême clarté et que cela mérite d’être rappelé ici. Je tiens à répondre à chacun des orateurs qui se sont exprimés dans le cadre de la discussion générale et de la discussion sur l’article.Monsieur Hajjar, vous avez raison de souligner l’importance du rapport parlementaire rendu en 2019 par Serge Letchimy et Justine Benin, lequel contenait quarante-neuf recommandations pour tirer les enseignements de l’exposition au chlordécone afin d’informer, de protéger et de réparer. La quasi-totalité de ces recommandations est intégrée au plan Chlordécone IV, les mesures que celui-ci prévoit étant même nettement plus ambitieuses : le budget augmente ; la chlordéconémie est gratuite ; un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes a été créé et s’adresse à ceux qui ont subi à ce titre une maladie professionnelle mais aussi à leurs enfants exposés dans le cadre prénatal ; des aides aux éleveurs sont prévues ; la prise en charge des surcoûts du traitement de l’eau est assurée, des associations comme Phyto-Victimes, qu’a évoquée Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq, aident les victimes à obtenir réparation ;…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 140,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382891",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 204,
   "annotation_id": "N54efba360d57",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABIQR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le Président de la République a été le premier à reconnaître, dès 2018, cette part de responsabilité et à dénoncer l’exposition au chlordécone comme un scandale environnemental. Je crois que sa déclaration a été d’une extrême clarté et que cela mérite d’être rappelé ici. Je tiens à répondre à chacun des orateurs qui se sont exprimés dans le cadre de la discussion générale et de la discussion sur l’article.Monsieur Hajjar, vous avez raison de souligner l’importance du rapport parlementaire rendu en 2019 par [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], lequel contenait quarante-neuf recommandations pour tirer les enseignements de l’exposition au chlordécone afin d’informer, de protéger et de réparer. La quasi-totalité de ces recommandations est intégrée au plan Chlordécone IV, les mesures que celui-ci prévoit étant même nettement plus ambitieuses : le budget augmente ; la chlordéconémie est gratuite ; un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes a été créé et s’adresse à ceux qui ont subi à ce titre une maladie professionnelle mais aussi à leurs enfants exposés dans le cadre prénatal ; des aides aux éleveurs sont prévues ; la prise en charge des surcoûts du traitement de l’eau est assurée, des associations comme Phyto-Victimes, qu’a évoquée [PERSONNE], aident les victimes à obtenir réparation ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382894",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382894"
   ],
   "order": 143,
   "text": "…enfin, l’amplification des travaux de recherche, y compris sur la dépollution des sols et sur la recherche en matière de santé des personnes, est assurée grâce un budget en nette hausse. Évidemment, cette dynamique mérite d’être poursuivie, des améliorations sont possibles et le Gouvernement est bien sûr à l’écoute pour que nous travaillions tous ensemble.Monsieur Christophe, vous avez raison de rappeler que beaucoup de fausses informations circulent et que les mécanismes de prévention et de réparation ne sont pas encore suffisamment connus. Il faut rappeler qu’un changement d’habitudes alimentaires avec l’aide d’un nutritionniste peut permettre aux personnes exposées de revenir à un taux normal de chlordécone,…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 143,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382894",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "Nd13d24b383f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…enfin, l’amplification des travaux de recherche, y compris sur la dépollution des sols et sur la recherche en matière de santé des personnes, est assurée grâce un budget en nette hausse. Évidemment, cette dynamique mérite d’être poursuivie, des améliorations sont possibles et le Gouvernement est bien sûr à l’écoute pour que nous travaillions tous ensemble.Monsieur Christophe, vous avez raison de rappeler que beaucoup de fausses informations circulent et que les mécanismes de prévention et de réparation ne sont pas encore suffisamment connus. Il faut rappeler qu’un changement d’habitudes alimentaires avec l’aide d’un nutritionniste peut permettre aux personnes exposées de revenir à un taux normal de chlordécone,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382897",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382897"
   ],
   "order": 146,
   "text": "…c’est-à-dire inférieur au seuil de danger, et que des soins sont possibles. Les mécanismes de prévention et de réparation ne sont pas suffisamment connus, disais-je, et c’est pourquoi nous faisons en sorte, avec l’association Phyto-Victimes, qu’ils le soient davantage, y compris auprès des professionnels de santé. Cette politique doit évidemment être poursuivie, sachant que l’objectif est 0 % d’exposition au chlordécone pour l’ensemble des Antillais, c’est-à-dire zéro chlordécone dans l’alimentationMadame Rousseau, sans en minorer l’impact, je rappelle que les scientifiques indiquent que le chlordécone s’élimine naturellement de l’organisme si l’on supprime les expositions alimentaires, sans tourner le dos à l’ensemble de la production locale.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 146,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382897",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd98dfca613a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…c’est-à-dire inférieur au seuil de danger, et que des soins sont possibles. Les mécanismes de prévention et de réparation ne sont pas suffisamment connus, disais-je, et c’est pourquoi nous faisons en sorte, avec l’association Phyto-Victimes, qu’ils le soient davantage, y compris auprès des professionnels de santé. Cette politique doit évidemment être poursuivie, sachant que l’objectif est 0 % d’exposition au chlordécone pour l’ensemble des Antillais, c’est-à-dire zéro chlordécone dans l’alimentationMadame Rousseau, sans en minorer l’impact, je rappelle que les scientifiques indiquent que le chlordécone s’élimine naturellement de l’organisme si l’on supprime les expositions alimentaires, sans tourner le dos à l’ensemble de la production locale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383280",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383280"
   ],
   "order": 149,
   "text": "Il y a évidemment des solutions pour tendre vers le zéro chlordécone dans l’alimentation, ce qui est, je le répète, notre priorité. L’ensemble des Antillais qui en font la démarche et aussi l’ensemble des collectivités locales qui nous aident à aller vers ces publics vulnérables permettront d’y parvenir. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 149,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383280",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Nad4d2e8953df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a évidemment des solutions pour tendre vers le zéro chlordécone dans l’alimentation, ce qui est, je le répète, notre priorité. L’ensemble des Antillais qui en font la démarche et aussi l’ensemble des collectivités locales qui nous aident à aller vers ces publics vulnérables permettront d’y parvenir. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382900",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382900"
   ],
   "order": 151,
   "text": "Si la colère est compréhensible, elle ne doit pas être un obstacle à la prévention. (Mêmes mouvements.) Par ailleurs, en ce qui concerne la pollution des sols, je rappelle que tous ne sont pas contaminés : la pollution concerne 20 % des sols agricoles en Guadeloupe et un tiers des terres en Martinique. Je ne dis pas cela pour en minimiser l’impact…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 151,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382900",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N5e7faa6ff860",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si la colère est compréhensible, elle ne doit pas être un obstacle à la prévention. (Mêmes mouvements.) Par ailleurs, en ce qui concerne la pollution des sols, je rappelle que tous ne sont pas contaminés : la pollution concerne 20 % des sols agricoles en Guadeloupe et un tiers des terres en Martinique. Je ne dis pas cela pour en minimiser l’impact…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382902",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382902"
   ],
   "order": 154,
   "text": "…mais les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes. Il est important que l’ensemble des Antillais puissent avoir conscience de la réalité de l’impact, et une cartographie publique le détaillant parcelle par parcelle est disponible en ligne. Il me semble important, là aussi, de partager ces informations. Enfin, je rappelle que toutes les cultures ne sont pas sensibles au chlordécone : je citerai, par exemple, les agrumes, les goyaves, les piments, les gombos, l’ananas, le chou et d’autres cultures encore.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 154,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382902",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "Nda136c9a3523",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…mais les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes. Il est important que l’ensemble des Antillais puissent avoir conscience de la réalité de l’impact, et une cartographie publique le détaillant parcelle par parcelle est disponible en ligne. Il me semble important, là aussi, de partager ces informations. Enfin, je rappelle que toutes les cultures ne sont pas sensibles au chlordécone : je citerai, par exemple, les agrumes, les goyaves, les piments, les gombos, l’ananas, le chou et d’autres cultures encore."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382904",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382904"
   ],
   "order": 156,
   "text": "Monsieur Juvin, comme vous l’avez dit, il n’y a qu’un seul pays : la France. Je vous rejoins parfaitement sur ce point. Et c’est pourquoi il ne peut pas y avoir de santé à deux vitesses, de prévention à deux vitesses ni de réparation à deux vitesses. Oui, il n’y a qu’un seul pays : la France. Mais il me semble que vous avez commis une erreur en ce qui concerne le budget du plan Chlordécone IV puisqu’il s’élevait initialement à 92 millions d’euros et atteint 130 millions d’euros aujourd’hui.Monsieur Serva, vous m’avez, comme d’autres de vos collègues, incitée à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État en raison des autorisations qu’il a délivrées. On aura l’occasion au cours du débat de reparler de ce point, mais je répète d’emblée que l’État reconnaît toute sa part de responsabilité. En revanche, comme l’ont dit Maud Petit et d’autres orateurs, si l’État est entièrement responsable pour ce qui relève de ses compétences, il faut clairement reconnaître que le mode de fabrication et d’utilisation du produit entraînait la responsabilité d’autres acteurs.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 156,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382904",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 176,
   "annotation_id": "Nca9a3e82ff2d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Juvin, comme vous l’avez dit, il n’y a qu’un seul pays : la France. Je vous rejoins parfaitement sur ce point. Et c’est pourquoi il ne peut pas y avoir de santé à deux vitesses, de prévention à deux vitesses ni de réparation à deux vitesses. Oui, il n’y a qu’un seul pays : la France. Mais il me semble que vous avez commis une erreur en ce qui concerne le budget du plan Chlordécone IV puisqu’il s’élevait initialement à 92 millions d’euros et atteint 130 millions d’euros aujourd’hui.Monsieur Serva, vous m’avez, comme d’autres de vos collègues, incitée à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État en raison des autorisations qu’il a délivrées. On aura l’occasion au cours du débat de reparler de ce point, mais je répète d’emblée que l’État reconnaît toute sa part de responsabilité. En revanche, comme l’ont dit [PERSONNE] et d’autres orateurs, si l’État est entièrement responsable pour ce qui relève de ses compétences, il faut clairement reconnaître que le mode de fabrication et d’utilisation du produit entraînait la responsabilité d’autres acteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382907",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382907"
   ],
   "order": 159,
   "text": "Je pense qu’il est donc important pour les Antillais qui demandent réparation qu’ils puissent s’adresser certes à l’État pour ce qui relève de ses responsabilités, mais aussi à des acteurs qui ont été cités sur tous les bancs, pour que le préjudice subi soit justement indemnisé. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 159,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382907",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "N3e307f86cb8b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je pense qu’il est donc important pour les Antillais qui demandent réparation qu’ils puissent s’adresser certes à l’État pour ce qui relève de ses responsabilités, mais aussi à des acteurs qui ont été cités sur tous les bancs, pour que le préjudice subi soit justement indemnisé. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794762",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382914",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382914"
   ],
   "order": 166,
   "text": "Ceci est un amendement d’appel visant à faire reconnaître que l’utilisation du chlordécone, au-delà des conséquences sanitaires, écologiques ou économiques, a également engendré de graves répercussions sociales sur la population locale. Des familles qui vivaient de leur activité se sont retrouvées sans rien quasiment du jour au lendemain, des savoir-faire hérités de traditions séculaires et qui se transmettaient de génération en génération ont été perdus, des liens ont été brisés. Aujourd’hui encore, de nombreuses familles vivent dans l’inquiétude et ne peuvent jouir sereinement de leur terre par peur de la contamination. C’est toute une culture, toute une structure sociale, qui a été impactée. Même si, en droit français, le concept de préjudice social n’est pas explicitement reconnu, il existe des situations où les tribunaux peuvent tenir compte de l’impact social d’un préjudice dans l’évaluation des dommages et intérêts. Par le biais de cet amendement, nous appelons donc les autorités à reconnaître que l’utilisation de ce pesticide a un impact social conséquent dans plusieurs de nos départements d’outre-mer.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 166,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382914",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 167,
   "annotation_id": "N6398d6220659",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ceci est un amendement d’appel visant à faire reconnaître que l’utilisation du chlordécone, au-delà des conséquences sanitaires, écologiques ou économiques, a également engendré de graves répercussions sociales sur la population locale. Des familles qui vivaient de leur activité se sont retrouvées sans rien quasiment du jour au lendemain, des savoir-faire hérités de traditions séculaires et qui se transmettaient de génération en génération ont été perdus, des liens ont été brisés. Aujourd’hui encore, de nombreuses familles vivent dans l’inquiétude et ne peuvent jouir sereinement de leur terre par peur de la contamination. C’est toute une culture, toute une structure sociale, qui a été impactée. Même si, en droit français, le concept de préjudice social n’est pas explicitement reconnu, il existe des situations où les tribunaux peuvent tenir compte de l’impact social d’un préjudice dans l’évaluation des dommages et intérêts. Par le biais de cet amendement, nous appelons donc les autorités à reconnaître que l’utilisation de ce pesticide a un impact social conséquent dans plusieurs de nos départements d’outre-mer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383363",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383363"
   ],
   "order": 169,
   "text": "Nous comprenons l’idée qui sous-tend l’amendement ; cependant, cette dimension est déjà prise en compte dans la rédaction actuelle. Les territoires sont victimes, mais les hommes et les femmes qui les habitent également. L’amendement étant satisfait, j’émets un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 169,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383363",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "Nf4ffdc2508d5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous comprenons l’idée qui sous-tend l’amendement ; cependant, cette dimension est déjà prise en compte dans la rédaction actuelle. Les territoires sont victimes, mais les hommes et les femmes qui les habitent également. L’amendement étant satisfait, j’émets un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795240",
   "speaker": "Mereana Reid Arbelot",
   "quality": "Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383318",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383318"
   ],
   "order": 178,
   "text": "Il vise à étendre le bénéfice de l’indemnisation aux victimes indirectes de l’exposition au chlordécone.De nombreux systèmes d’indemnisation visant à réparer des dommages sanitaires, tels les régimes visant les victimes de l’amiante et celles des erreurs médicales, prévoient l’indemnisation des victimes indirectes et des ayants droit. En effet, le droit civil français reconnaît les divers préjudices que peuvent subir les victimes indirectes : frais d’obsèques en cas de décès de la victime, perte de revenu, préjudice moral d’accompagnement, préjudice moral d’affection et autres préjudices extrapatrimoniaux. Or le système d’indemnisation des victimes des essais nucléaires, prévu dans la loi du 5 janvier 2010 relative à la reconnaissance et à l’indemnisation des victimes des essais nucléaires français, dite loi Morin, et celui des victimes du chlordécone, qui les fait bénéficier du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes des pesticides, ne prévoient rien au sujet des victimes indirectes. C’est une anomalie.Les milliers de manifestants réunis à Fort-de-France le 10 décembre 2022, à la suite de la décision du parquet de demander un non-lieu dans l’enquête sur l’usage du chlordécone aux Antilles – non-lieu finalement prononcé le 2 janvier 2023 –, demandaient justice pour les victimes tant directes qu’indirectes de l’exposition au chlordécone. Les victimes indirectes et les ayants droit étaient d’ailleurs inclus dans les mesures envisagées dans les propositions de loi déposées respectivement par Elie Califer et Marcellin Nadeau, et enregistrées à la présidence de l’Assemblée le 20 juillet 2023. Ces deux textes visant à l’indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe ont obtenu le soutien de nombreux autres députés ultramarins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 178,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383318",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 275,
   "annotation_id": "N36be8a8afe2f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à étendre le bénéfice de l’indemnisation aux victimes indirectes de l’exposition au chlordécone.De nombreux systèmes d’indemnisation visant à réparer des dommages sanitaires, tels les régimes visant les victimes de l’amiante et celles des erreurs médicales, prévoient l’indemnisation des victimes indirectes et des ayants droit. En effet, le droit civil français reconnaît les divers préjudices que peuvent subir les victimes indirectes : frais d’obsèques en cas de décès de la victime, perte de revenu, préjudice moral d’accompagnement, préjudice moral d’affection et autres préjudices extrapatrimoniaux. Or le système d’indemnisation des victimes des essais nucléaires, prévu dans la loi du 5 janvier 2010 relative à la reconnaissance et à l’indemnisation des victimes des essais nucléaires français, dite loi Morin, et celui des victimes du chlordécone, qui les fait bénéficier du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes des pesticides, ne prévoient rien au sujet des victimes indirectes. C’est une anomalie.Les milliers de manifestants réunis à Fort-de-France le 10 décembre 2022, à la suite de la décision du parquet de demander un non-lieu dans l’enquête sur l’usage du chlordécone aux Antilles – non-lieu finalement prononcé le 2 janvier 2023 –, demandaient justice pour les victimes tant directes qu’indirectes de l’exposition au chlordécone. Les victimes indirectes et les ayants droit étaient d’ailleurs inclus dans les mesures envisagées dans les propositions de loi déposées respectivement par [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], et enregistrées à la présidence de l’Assemblée le 20 juillet 2023. Ces deux textes visant à l’indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe ont obtenu le soutien de nombreux autres députés ultramarins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383322",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383322"
   ],
   "order": 182,
   "text": "Le préjudice moral est bien réel. Vous faites allusion à ce qui a été fait pour les victimes de l’amiante ; j’appelle à suivre le même schéma pour le chlordécone. Avis favorable et merci pour cette proposition. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 182,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383322",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N7a213127e629",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le préjudice moral est bien réel. Vous faites allusion à ce qui a été fait pour les victimes de l’amiante ; j’appelle à suivre le même schéma pour le chlordécone. Avis favorable et merci pour cette proposition. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383326",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383326"
   ],
   "order": 186,
   "text": "Nous considérons en effet que les préjudices moraux évoqués relèvent de l’appréciation du juge et qu’il convient, avant de les définir, de préciser le périmètre et les modalités de financement et de mise en œuvre de l’indemnisation.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 186,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383326",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Nedaeac8dbf45",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous considérons en effet que les préjudices moraux évoqués relèvent de l’appréciation du juge et qu’il convient, avant de les définir, de préciser le périmètre et les modalités de financement et de mise en œuvre de l’indemnisation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383330"
   ],
   "order": 190,
   "text": "On l’a dit, la population ultramarine est méfiante envers les autorités métropolitaines. Après des années de dissimulation et de minimisation, c’est compréhensible. Aussi, par le présent amendement, souhaitons-nous garantir que l’État associera les autorités et organismes locaux impliqués dans la gestion du problème aux futurs projets ayant trait au chlordécone. Ces structures y ont toute leur place et il est essentiel de l’inscrire noir sur blanc dans la loi. En plus de rassurer la population locale, le fait de travailler en partenariat avec l’État permettra, avec le temps, de rétablir la confiance entre toutes les parties.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 190,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383330",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 96,
   "annotation_id": "Nc1c9998ca89b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "On l’a dit, la population ultramarine est méfiante envers les autorités métropolitaines. Après des années de dissimulation et de minimisation, c’est compréhensible. Aussi, par le présent amendement, souhaitons-nous garantir que l’État associera les autorités et organismes locaux impliqués dans la gestion du problème aux futurs projets ayant trait au chlordécone. Ces structures y ont toute leur place et il est essentiel de l’inscrire noir sur blanc dans la loi. En plus de rassurer la population locale, le fait de travailler en partenariat avec l’État permettra, avec le temps, de rétablir la confiance entre toutes les parties."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383332",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383332"
   ],
   "order": 192,
   "text": "Lorsque la proposition avait été examinée en commission, j’avais souhaité rester sur l’essentiel, sans entrer dans le détail. Je vous redemande d’accepter ce principe : concentrons-nous sur le cœur du sujet, et on verra les détails plus tard. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 192,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383332",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N56b018b49c43",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsque la proposition avait été examinée en commission, j’avais souhaité rester sur l’essentiel, sans entrer dans le détail. Je vous redemande d’accepter ce principe : concentrons-nous sur le cœur du sujet, et on verra les détails plus tard. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383334"
   ],
   "order": 194,
   "text": "L’amendement est en réalité satisfait. Je vous propose de le retirer ; à défaut, mon avis sera défavorable.Les travaux de recherche sur le chlordécone mobilisent d’ores et déjà une large communauté d’acteurs scientifiques qui travaillent, au niveau tant local que national, sur la dépollution des sols, la santé féminine ou les transferts de la molécule dans l’environnement. à titre d’exemple, la région de Guadeloupe et la collectivité territoriale de Martinique cofinancent l’appel à projets Chlordécone de l’Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR), lancé en 2022 et doté d’un budget inédit de 5,5 millions d’euros, dont 1 million à la charge des collectivités et 4,5 millions à celle de l’État.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 194,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383334",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 109,
   "annotation_id": "Ne33b60a70c3f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BES",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement est en réalité satisfait. Je vous propose de le retirer ; à défaut, mon avis sera défavorable.Les travaux de recherche sur le chlordécone mobilisent d’ores et déjà une large communauté d’acteurs scientifiques qui travaillent, au niveau tant local que national, sur la dépollution des sols, la santé féminine ou les transferts de la molécule dans l’environnement. à titre d’exemple, la région de Guadeloupe et la collectivité territoriale de Martinique cofinancent l’appel à projets Chlordécone de l’Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR), lancé en 2022 et doté d’un budget inédit de 5,5 millions d’euros, dont 1 million à la charge des collectivités et 4,5 millions à celle de l’État."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383337",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383337"
   ],
   "order": 197,
   "text": "Pour abonder dans le sens du Gouvernement et du rapporteur, depuis le premier plan Chlordécone, un travail conjoint est mené entre les autorités de l’État et les collectivités territoriales ultramarines. L’amendement est donc satisfait. L’adopter reviendrait à dire que cette collaboration n’existe pas, ce qui serait injuste. Il faut donc, bien sûr, le repousser. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 197,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383337",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N7c684b3b46ae",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour abonder dans le sens du Gouvernement et du rapporteur, depuis le premier plan Chlordécone, un travail conjoint est mené entre les autorités de l’État et les collectivités territoriales ultramarines. L’amendement est donc satisfait. L’adopter reviendrait à dire que cette collaboration n’existe pas, ce qui serait injuste. Il faut donc, bien sûr, le repousser. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383344",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383344"
   ],
   "order": 204,
   "text": "Je me permets d’abord de revenir sur l’amendement no 32 qui tendait à réécrire l’article et que j’ai retiré au début de la discussion. En effet, je voudrais expliquer pourquoi le groupe Renaissance n’est pas d’accord avec la rédaction actuelle de l’article 1er. En l’état, celui-ci exclut la responsabilité d’autres acteurs que l’État – celle des producteurs, des industriels et des élus locaux de l’époque. C’est un peu facile et je déplore que nous ne soyons pas parvenus à un accord sur ce point. Cependant, comme Maud Petit qui a aussi retiré son amendement, je souhaite éviter toute ambiguïté quant à la volonté de la majorité de reconnaître la part de responsabilité qui revient à l’État.Je regrette également que la portée de l’article soit essentiellement symbolique. Les mesures prévues sont insuffisantes et il faut aller plus loin dans l’action. L’amendement no 35 vise à ajouter, après l’alinéa 2, l’alinéa suivant : « Elle s’engage pour ce faire à conduire les actions visant à supprimer le risque d’exposition à la chlordécone en priorité pour protéger la santé des populations, en particulier en matière de sécurité sanitaire et de l’alimentation. » En effet, ces éléments manquent à l’article 1er.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 204,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383344",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 197,
   "annotation_id": "N45d2db888026",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je me permets d’abord de revenir sur l’amendement no 32 qui tendait à réécrire l’article et que j’ai retiré au début de la discussion. En effet, je voudrais expliquer pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] n’est pas d’accord avec la rédaction actuelle de l’article 1er. En l’état, celui-ci exclut la responsabilité d’autres acteurs que l’État – celle des producteurs, des industriels et des élus locaux de l’époque. C’est un peu facile et je déplore que nous ne soyons pas parvenus à un accord sur ce point. Cependant, comme [PERSONNE] qui a aussi retiré son amendement, je souhaite éviter toute ambiguïté quant à la volonté de la majorité de reconnaître la part de responsabilité qui revient à l’État.Je regrette également que la portée de l’article soit essentiellement symbolique. Les mesures prévues sont insuffisantes et il faut aller plus loin dans l’action. L’amendement no 35 vise à ajouter, après l’alinéa 2, l’alinéa suivant : « Elle s’engage pour ce faire à conduire les actions visant à supprimer le risque d’exposition à la chlordécone en priorité pour protéger la santé des populations, en particulier en matière de sécurité sanitaire et de l’alimentation. » En effet, ces éléments manquent à l’article 1er."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383347"
   ],
   "order": 207,
   "text": "Madame Parmentier-Lecocq, chère collègue Maud Petit, je vous remercie pour le geste que vous avez fait en retirant les amendements de réécriture de l’article, dont l’idée – et non la formulation – était presque insultante. Vous faites preuve de responsabilité car vous connaissez nos territoires et la souffrance de nos populations ; vous savez donc pertinemment que votre démarche aurait été mal vue.Quant à l’amendement no 35, la suppression du risque d’exposition est un objectif à atteindre. Sous réserve de l’adoption de mon sous-amendement no 40, avis favorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 207,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383347",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "Nafdcc14522da",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Parmentier-Lecocq, chère collègue [PERSONNE], je vous remercie pour le geste que vous avez fait en retirant les amendements de réécriture de l’article, dont l’idée – et non la formulation – était presque insultante. Vous faites preuve de responsabilité car vous connaissez nos territoires et la souffrance de nos populations ; vous savez donc pertinemment que votre démarche aurait été mal vue.Quant à l’amendement no 35, la suppression du risque d’exposition est un objectif à atteindre. Sous réserve de l’adoption de mon sous-amendement no 40, avis favorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué chargé de la santé et de la prévention",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383350",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383350"
   ],
   "order": 210,
   "text": "Nous sommes favorables au sous-amendement rédactionnel et de cohérence du rapporteur. Comme certains orateurs l’ont souligné, la réduction de l’exposition au chlordécone grâce à l’action sur l’alimentation est une priorité du plan lancé par le Président de la République et soutenu par la majorité. Ce plan s’attaque pour la première fois au fléau du chlordécone de manière convaincante, fort des budgets nécessaires et de la coopération de nombreuses parties prenantes.Nous sommes également favorables à l’amendement qui permet d’inscrire dans la loi l’engagement pérenne de l’État de protéger la santé des populations, et de faire de l’objectif de sécurité sanitaire un élément majeur du plan Chlordécone.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 210,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383350",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 105,
   "annotation_id": "Ndb8933d499b8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes favorables au sous-amendement rédactionnel et de cohérence du rapporteur. Comme certains orateurs l’ont souligné, la réduction de l’exposition au chlordécone grâce à l’action sur l’alimentation est une priorité du plan lancé par le Président de la République et soutenu par la majorité. Ce plan s’attaque pour la première fois au fléau du chlordécone de manière convaincante, fort des budgets nécessaires et de la coopération de nombreuses parties prenantes.Nous sommes également favorables à l’amendement qui permet d’inscrire dans la loi l’engagement pérenne de l’État de protéger la santé des populations, et de faire de l’objectif de sécurité sanitaire un élément majeur du plan Chlordécone."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383355",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383355"
   ],
   "order": 215,
   "text": "Il vise à intégrer à l’article un dispositif qui n’est pas encore prévu : une commission de suivi indépendante qui évaluera le déploiement de la stratégie en matière de chlordécone, afin de mesurer les avancées qu’elle permet ainsi que les progrès réalisés par la recherche, et d’examiner les pistes susceptibles d’améliorer l’accès des victimes à l’indemnisation. Il s’agirait par exemple d’aider ces dernières à monter les dossiers, mais aussi de réfléchir sur l’élargissement du périmètre de l’indemnisation au-delà des maladies professionnelles.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 215,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383355",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "N7cd9e71144bf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à intégrer à l’article un dispositif qui n’est pas encore prévu : une commission de suivi indépendante qui évaluera le déploiement de la stratégie en matière de chlordécone, afin de mesurer les avancées qu’elle permet ainsi que les progrès réalisés par la recherche, et d’examiner les pistes susceptibles d’améliorer l’accès des victimes à l’indemnisation. Il s’agirait par exemple d’aider ces dernières à monter les dossiers, mais aussi de réfléchir sur l’élargissement du périmètre de l’indemnisation au-delà des maladies professionnelles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383357",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383357"
   ],
   "order": 217,
   "text": "Nous sentons, madame Parmentier-Lecocq, que vous avez bien travaillé le sujet et nous apprécions votre amendement qui vise à confier à une instance indépendante le soin d’évaluer les actions mises en œuvre en application de ce texte. Il est en effet nécessaire d’évaluer régulièrement l’avancement vers les objectifs. Je soutiens donc l’amendement, auquel je souhaite néanmoins apporter trois modifications – de portée modeste, elles ne dénaturent pas votre proposition.Le sous-amendement no 41 modifie l’endroit où serait placé le nouvel alinéa : il semble plus logique que l’instance d’évaluation soit mentionnée à la fin de l’article 1er, une fois que tous les objectifs ont été énoncés.Le sous-amendement no 42 reformule une expression qui manquait de précision : vous parliez d’évaluer les « impacts de la stratégie », sans qu’on sache de quelle stratégie il s’agit ; je propose d’évaluer « l’atteinte [des] objectifs ». Cela serait plus logique, sans rien changer sur le fond.Enfin, le sous-amendement no 43, que je me permets de défendre également, modifie la périodicité des rapports que rendra cette instance. Vous prévoyez un premier rapport fin 2027, soit dans quatre ans ; ce délai étant trop important, je propose que ce rapport soit rendu fin 2025, afin de faire le point. Par ailleurs, vous prévoyez un rapport tous les sept ans. Les avancées pouvant être mesurées plus souvent, je suggère de le faire tous les trois ans, pour bénéficier d’un retour régulier du terrain et mobiliser l’ensemble des acteurs.Sous réserve de l’adoption de ces trois sous-amendements, je donnerai un avis favorable à l’amendement.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 217,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383357",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 256,
   "annotation_id": "N7848594474af",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sentons, madame Parmentier-Lecocq, que vous avez bien travaillé le sujet et nous apprécions votre amendement qui vise à confier à une instance indépendante le soin d’évaluer les actions mises en œuvre en application de ce texte. Il est en effet nécessaire d’évaluer régulièrement l’avancement vers les objectifs. Je soutiens donc l’amendement, auquel je souhaite néanmoins apporter trois modifications – de portée modeste, elles ne dénaturent pas votre proposition.Le sous-amendement no 41 modifie l’endroit où serait placé le nouvel alinéa : il semble plus logique que l’instance d’évaluation soit mentionnée à la fin de l’article 1er, une fois que tous les objectifs ont été énoncés.Le sous-amendement no 42 reformule une expression qui manquait de précision : vous parliez d’évaluer les « impacts de la stratégie », sans qu’on sache de quelle stratégie il s’agit ; je propose d’évaluer « l’atteinte [des] objectifs ». Cela serait plus logique, sans rien changer sur le fond.Enfin, le sous-amendement no 43, que je me permets de défendre également, modifie la périodicité des rapports que rendra cette instance. Vous prévoyez un premier rapport fin 2027, soit dans quatre ans ; ce délai étant trop important, je propose que ce rapport soit rendu fin 2025, afin de faire le point. Par ailleurs, vous prévoyez un rapport tous les sept ans. Les avancées pouvant être mesurées plus souvent, je suggère de le faire tous les trois ans, pour bénéficier d’un retour régulier du terrain et mobiliser l’ensemble des acteurs.Sous réserve de l’adoption de ces trois sous-amendements, je donnerai un avis favorable à l’amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382667",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382667"
   ],
   "order": 223,
   "text": "Il s’agit de préciser que l’instance indépendante se prononce non sur la « stratégie » – terme assez vague – mais bien sur le plan stratégique de lutte contre la pollution par la chlordécone, dont la quatrième version, adoptée en 2021, court jusqu’en 2027.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 223,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382667",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N01c4f6964de6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit de préciser que l’instance indépendante se prononce non sur la « stratégie » – terme assez vague – mais bien sur le plan stratégique de lutte contre la pollution par la chlordécone, dont la quatrième version, adoptée en 2021, court jusqu’en 2027."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382669",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382669"
   ],
   "order": 225,
   "text": "C’est ce plan qui doit être évalué de manière indépendante car c’est grâce à lui que l’État et les collectivités agissent de concert sur la dépollution ou sur les tests. Il s’agit de ne pas laisser entendre que rien ne serait fait. Je rappelle que le budget du plan Chlordécone IV, initialement de 93 millions d’euros, a été porté à 130 millions en février 2023.Il convient de souligner l’importance de ce plan, en y rattachant le travail de la commission indépendante. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 225,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382669",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "N8dfb8bacb1ef",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est ce plan qui doit être évalué de manière indépendante car c’est grâce à lui que l’État et les collectivités agissent de concert sur la dépollution ou sur les tests. Il s’agit de ne pas laisser entendre que rien ne serait fait. Je rappelle que le budget du plan Chlordécone IV, initialement de 93 millions d’euros, a été porté à 130 millions en février 2023.Il convient de souligner l’importance de ce plan, en y rattachant le travail de la commission indépendante. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382672",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382672"
   ],
   "order": 229,
   "text": "Monsieur Cazeneuve, votre sous-amendement a le même objectif que le mien : clarifier. Vous proposez que la commission mesure les impacts du plan Chlordécone, je propose qu’elle évalue l’atteinte de l’ensemble des objectifs. Je crois que nous pouvons nous accorder autour de cette volonté, que j’ai ressentie sur tous les bancs.Ma rédaction me semble toutefois préférable. Vous visez le plan Chlordécone, mais nul ne sait s’il existera toujours demain et si les actions ne prendront pas une autre forme. Je recommande de sertir dans la loi une formulation plus générale et intemporelle. De plus, en ne visant que le plan, vous faites l’impasse sur les procédures d’indemnisation, qui n’entrent pas dans son champ. Je vous suggère de vous rallier à ma rédaction, claire et raisonnable, et de retirer votre sous-amendement.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 229,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382672",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 130,
   "annotation_id": "N66be95e706c2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Cazeneuve, votre sous-amendement a le même objectif que le mien : clarifier. Vous proposez que la commission mesure les impacts du plan Chlordécone, je propose qu’elle évalue l’atteinte de l’ensemble des objectifs. Je crois que nous pouvons nous accorder autour de cette volonté, que j’ai ressentie sur tous les bancs.Ma rédaction me semble toutefois préférable. Vous visez le plan Chlordécone, mais nul ne sait s’il existera toujours demain et si les actions ne prendront pas une autre forme. Je recommande de sertir dans la loi une formulation plus générale et intemporelle. De plus, en ne visant que le plan, vous faites l’impasse sur les procédures d’indemnisation, qui n’entrent pas dans son champ. Je vous suggère de vous rallier à ma rédaction, claire et raisonnable, et de retirer votre sous-amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382675",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382675"
   ],
   "order": 232,
   "text": "Je veux d’abord saluer le dialogue qui s’est ouvert entre Mme Parmentier-Lecocq et le rapporteur Califer, conduisant l’une à retirer certains de ses amendements en commission, l’autre à proposer ici un sous-amendement.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 232,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382675",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "Nd17d75b07dc3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux d’abord saluer le dialogue qui s’est ouvert entre Mme Parmentier-Lecocq et le rapporteur Califer, conduisant l’une à retirer certains de ses amendements en commission, l’autre à proposer ici un sous-amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382679",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382679"
   ],
   "order": 236,
   "text": "L’évaluation par une instance indépendante nous paraît essentielle. Elle permettra d’améliorer, si besoin, les mesures engagées. Nous souhaitons aussi que le bilan annuel du plan Chlordécone, qui sera publié en avril, soit présenté en avant-première aux parlementaires. Nous pourrons proposer à cette occasion des pistes de travail pour cette instance indépendante. Enfin, nous sommes favorables à ce que celle-ci remette son premier rapport d’ici à la fin de 2025, puis l’actualise tous les trois ans.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 236,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382679",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N60fb8ffb7852",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’évaluation par une instance indépendante nous paraît essentielle. Elle permettra d’améliorer, si besoin, les mesures engagées. Nous souhaitons aussi que le bilan annuel du plan Chlordécone, qui sera publié en avril, soit présenté en avant-première aux parlementaires. Nous pourrons proposer à cette occasion des pistes de travail pour cette instance indépendante. Enfin, nous sommes favorables à ce que celle-ci remette son premier rapport d’ici à la fin de 2025, puis l’actualise tous les trois ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382681",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382681"
   ],
   "order": 238,
   "text": "Il ne s’agit pas d’insulter qui que ce soit et je veux rassurer le rapporteur : ce qui nous rassemble, ce ne sont pas seulement deux ports, mais l’ambition de voir réparer cette injustice flagrante. Seulement, notre décision ne doit pas écraser les responsabilités autres, que des actions en justice visent aujourd’hui. La rédaction que nous adopterons doit certes reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, mais sans lui imputer toutes les responsabilités ni exonérer les autres acteurs.Il est intéressant de retenir la proposition de Pierre Cazeneuve pour que l’évaluation porte à la fois sur la stratégie et l’atteinte des objectifs. Les rédactions ne semblant pas contradictoires, mais complémentaires, il serait de bon ton de voter le sous-amendement no 44.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 238,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382681",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "N5452acf68334",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne s’agit pas d’insulter qui que ce soit et je veux rassurer le rapporteur : ce qui nous rassemble, ce ne sont pas seulement deux ports, mais l’ambition de voir réparer cette injustice flagrante. Seulement, notre décision ne doit pas écraser les responsabilités autres, que des actions en justice visent aujourd’hui. La rédaction que nous adopterons doit certes reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, mais sans lui imputer toutes les responsabilités ni exonérer les autres acteurs.Il est intéressant de retenir la proposition de [PERSONNE] pour que l’évaluation porte à la fois sur la stratégie et l’atteinte des objectifs. Les rédactions ne semblant pas contradictoires, mais complémentaires, il serait de bon ton de voter le sous-amendement no 44."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382684",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382684"
   ],
   "order": 241,
   "text": "Je suis d’accord avec le rapporteur, le premier rapport de la commission de suivi devra être remis plus tôt, en 2025, et réactualisé tous les trois ans car l’un des buts est de rendre visibles les progrès de la stratégie sur le chlordécone. Je soutiens donc le sous-amendement no 43.Je voterai aussi en faveur du sous-amendement de Pierre Cazeneuve car il faut être vigilant et précis : la commission doit évaluer les travaux et les résultats de la stratégie sur le chlordécone et ne pas s’attacher exclusivement aux objectifs, quelque peu reculés, de la proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 241,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382684",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "N3c3b7bca2f60",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis d’accord avec le rapporteur, le premier rapport de la commission de suivi devra être remis plus tôt, en 2025, et réactualisé tous les trois ans car l’un des buts est de rendre visibles les progrès de la stratégie sur le chlordécone. Je soutiens donc le sous-amendement no 43.Je voterai aussi en faveur du sous-amendement de [PERSONNE] car il faut être vigilant et précis : la commission doit évaluer les travaux et les résultats de la stratégie sur le chlordécone et ne pas s’attacher exclusivement aux objectifs, quelque peu reculés, de la proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382692",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382692"
   ],
   "order": 248,
   "text": "Il vise à demander l’étude des effets des « cocktails » de produits phytosanitaires et à intégrer leurs victimes dans la réparation. En effet, la Guadeloupe et la Martinique, très exposées au chlordécone, l’ont aussi été au glyphosate, par exemple. Les conséquences sur la santé de la combinaison des deux produits, notamment au moment de leur dégradation, ne sont pas analysées.En tenant compte des remarques faites en commission, nous proposons une rédaction qui permette d’imaginer une réparation globale des effets conjugués des produits chimiques introduits dans le sol, où ils perdurent pendant des années.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 248,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382692",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "N9dd8debea85b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à demander l’étude des effets des « cocktails » de produits phytosanitaires et à intégrer leurs victimes dans la réparation. En effet, la Guadeloupe et la Martinique, très exposées au chlordécone, l’ont aussi été au glyphosate, par exemple. Les conséquences sur la santé de la combinaison des deux produits, notamment au moment de leur dégradation, ne sont pas analysées.En tenant compte des remarques faites en commission, nous proposons une rédaction qui permette d’imaginer une réparation globale des effets conjugués des produits chimiques introduits dans le sol, où ils perdurent pendant des années."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382694",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382694"
   ],
   "order": 251,
   "text": "Cette question nous intéresse particulièrement. L’exposition aux produits a été générale, dans tout l’environnement. Toutefois, votre amendement pourrait brouiller le message que nous voulons faire passer et, pour rester sur l’essentiel de notre texte, nous y opposons un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 251,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382694",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "Nc8a8de121ca9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette question nous intéresse particulièrement. L’exposition aux produits a été générale, dans tout l’environnement. Toutefois, votre amendement pourrait brouiller le message que nous voulons faire passer et, pour rester sur l’essentiel de notre texte, nous y opposons un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382696",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382696"
   ],
   "order": 253,
   "text": "Madame Rousseau, si vous aviez regardé de près le plan Chlordécone du Gouvernement, vous auriez vu que l’effort de recherche répond à votre demande. Je rappelle que le volet Recherche du plan mobilise des sommes importantes, qui passeront de 26 millions d’euros en 2023 à 52 millions en 2030, soit un doublement. Les études, dont l’objet est d’améliorer la compréhension de phénomènes scientifiques, portent sur la dépollution des sols, la santé des femmes, les liens entre la chlordécone et certains cancers, dont celui de la prostate ; elles s’appuient notamment sur une cohorte de plus de 10 000 travailleurs en bananeraie.Sur les interactions entre produits, je veux citer l’étude Kannari 2, lancée par Santé publique France, dix ans après un premier volet. Visant à mesurer l’imprégnation des populations, elle a élargi la liste des molécules recherchées dans le sang à d’autres pesticides et métaux lourds. De son côté, le Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières (BRGM) a publié des travaux sur le lien entre chlordécone et glyphosate dans l’environnement. Enfin, l’Observatoire de la pollution agricole aux Antilles (Opale), financé par le plan Chlordécone, analyse les transferts de tous les pesticides sur deux bassins versants terre-mer pilotes.Cet amendement est satisfait. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 253,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382696",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 201,
   "annotation_id": "N76ed6e5588cd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Rousseau, si vous aviez regardé de près le plan Chlordécone du Gouvernement, vous auriez vu que l’effort de recherche répond à votre demande. Je rappelle que le volet Recherche du plan mobilise des sommes importantes, qui passeront de 26 millions d’euros en 2023 à 52 millions en 2030, soit un doublement. Les études, dont l’objet est d’améliorer la compréhension de phénomènes scientifiques, portent sur la dépollution des sols, la santé des femmes, les liens entre la chlordécone et certains cancers, dont celui de la prostate ; elles s’appuient notamment sur une cohorte de plus de 10 000 travailleurs en bananeraie.Sur les interactions entre produits, je veux citer l’étude Kannari 2, lancée par Santé publique France, dix ans après un premier volet. Visant à mesurer l’imprégnation des populations, elle a élargi la liste des molécules recherchées dans le sang à d’autres pesticides et métaux lourds. De son côté, le Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières (BRGM) a publié des travaux sur le lien entre chlordécone et glyphosate dans l’environnement. Enfin, l’Observatoire de la pollution agricole aux Antilles (Opale), financé par le plan Chlordécone, analyse les transferts de tous les pesticides sur deux bassins versants terre-mer pilotes.Cet amendement est satisfait. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382699",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382699"
   ],
   "order": 257,
   "text": "Nous sommes tout à fait d’accord avec l’amendement d’appel de Mme Rousseau. Les effets « cocktail » constituent une bombe à retardement. Dès que les imputabilités auront été établies, quand les dommages corporels, en conséquence directe ou indirecte d’une exposition, auront été reconnus, il faudra une prise en charge. À cet égard, il est déplorable que des fonds de la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles (AT-MP) soient ponctionnés pour d’autres risques alors que cette bombe à retardement explosera bientôt. Les sommes pour indemniser les victimes de ces contaminations devraient d’ores et déjà être disponibles. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 257,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382699",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N4c04b5ee10df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes tout à fait d’accord avec l’amendement d’appel de Mme Rousseau. Les effets « cocktail » constituent une bombe à retardement. Dès que les imputabilités auront été établies, quand les dommages corporels, en conséquence directe ou indirecte d’une exposition, auront été reconnus, il faudra une prise en charge. À cet égard, il est déplorable que des fonds de la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles (AT-MP) soient ponctionnés pour d’autres risques alors que cette bombe à retardement explosera bientôt. Les sommes pour indemniser les victimes de ces contaminations devraient d’ores et déjà être disponibles. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382704",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382704"
   ],
   "order": 261,
   "text": "Cet amendement est particulièrement important – je dirais même vital. Nous voulons préciser la rédaction du dispositif afin de garantir l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes du chlordécone.Actuellement, l’indemnisation est tardive, elle est complexe et, de surcroît, restreinte. Bien que le cancer de la prostate lié à la surexposition au chlordécone figure depuis 2021 au tableau des maladies professionnelles, les travailleurs agricoles se heurtent à des critères restrictifs. Seuls 150 dossiers ont été reçus à ce jour, pour 12 700 travailleurs en bananeraie. Cela traduit bien un malaise, une difficulté.Pour ce qui concerne les femmes, je fais appel à celles qui sont dans l’hémicycle. Les femmes qui travaillaient dans les plantations transportaient le chlordécone à mains nues – oui, vous avez bien entendu : à mains nues ! Mais les cancers du sein ou de l’utérus dont elles souffrent aujourd’hui ne sont toujours pas reconnus comme maladie professionnelle.Enfin, l’indemnisation ne concerne que les maladies professionnelles. Elle est donc très limitée et une majorité de la population se trouve ainsi exclue du droit à une réparation pour le préjudice subi.Nous proposons de préciser que l’objectif d’indemnisation concerne toutes les victimes, que la contamination ait eu lieu dans le milieu professionnel ou non. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 261,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382704",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 207,
   "annotation_id": "N6333da9d8b17",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est particulièrement important – je dirais même vital. Nous voulons préciser la rédaction du dispositif afin de garantir l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes du chlordécone.Actuellement, l’indemnisation est tardive, elle est complexe et, de surcroît, restreinte. Bien que le cancer de la prostate lié à la surexposition au chlordécone figure depuis 2021 au tableau des maladies professionnelles, les travailleurs agricoles se heurtent à des critères restrictifs. Seuls 150 dossiers ont été reçus à ce jour, pour 12 700 travailleurs en bananeraie. Cela traduit bien un malaise, une difficulté.Pour ce qui concerne les femmes, je fais appel à celles qui sont dans l’hémicycle. Les femmes qui travaillaient dans les plantations transportaient le chlordécone à mains nues – oui, vous avez bien entendu : à mains nues ! Mais les cancers du sein ou de l’utérus dont elles souffrent aujourd’hui ne sont toujours pas reconnus comme maladie professionnelle.Enfin, l’indemnisation ne concerne que les maladies professionnelles. Elle est donc très limitée et une majorité de la population se trouve ainsi exclue du droit à une réparation pour le préjudice subi.Nous proposons de préciser que l’objectif d’indemnisation concerne toutes les victimes, que la contamination ait eu lieu dans le milieu professionnel ou non. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796018",
   "speaker": "Danielle Simonnet",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Simonnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382718",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382718"
   ],
   "order": 277,
   "text": "Il nous semble important de préciser le champ des personnes concernées par la proposition de loi, afin que toutes les victimes du chlordécone soient reconnues. Par l’amendement précédent, nous avons spécifié que le texte s’appliquerait à toutes les personnes contaminées par le chlordécone, qu’elles l’aient été dans le cadre de leur travail ou non. Par le présent amendement, nous souhaitons indiquer qu’il s’appliquera aux personnes contaminées en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, qu’elles résident toujours dans ces territoires ou qu’elles les aient quittés pour s’installer ailleurs, notamment dans l’Hexagone.Nombre de nos compatriotes guadeloupéens et martiniquais exposés auparavant au chlordécone – dont nous connaissons les effets terribles sur la santé – sont susceptibles de résider désormais dans un autre territoire de la République. Même s’ils ne résident plus en Guadeloupe ou en Martinique, justice doit leur être rendue ; indemnisation doit leur être garantie.Cet amendement a été préparé avec l’association DiivinesLGBTQIA+ visibilité et représentativité afro-carïbéen.ne.s, dont je salue le travail sur cette question si essentielle pour nombre de nos territoires. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 277,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382718",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 175,
   "annotation_id": "Nab62049a47dc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il nous semble important de préciser le champ des personnes concernées par la proposition de loi, afin que toutes les victimes du chlordécone soient reconnues. Par l’amendement précédent, nous avons spécifié que le texte s’appliquerait à toutes les personnes contaminées par le chlordécone, qu’elles l’aient été dans le cadre de leur travail ou non. Par le présent amendement, nous souhaitons indiquer qu’il s’appliquera aux personnes contaminées en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, qu’elles résident toujours dans ces territoires ou qu’elles les aient quittés pour s’installer ailleurs, notamment dans l’Hexagone.Nombre de nos compatriotes guadeloupéens et martiniquais exposés auparavant au chlordécone – dont nous connaissons les effets terribles sur la santé – sont susceptibles de résider désormais dans un autre territoire de la République. Même s’ils ne résident plus en Guadeloupe ou en Martinique, justice doit leur être rendue ; indemnisation doit leur être garantie.Cet amendement a été préparé avec l’association DiivinesLGBTQIA+ visibilité et représentativité afro-carïbéen.ne.s, dont je salue le travail sur cette question si essentielle pour nombre de nos territoires. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382722",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382722"
   ],
   "order": 281,
   "text": "Je tiens aussi à vous féliciter, chère collègue, pour votre travail. Notre proposition de loi vise bel et bien toutes les victimes qui ont été contaminées. La précision que vous souhaitez apporter serait redondante. Je vous demande de retirer l’amendement, sans quoi mon avis sera défavorable. Nous souhaitons conserver au dispositif son caractère synthétique.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 281,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382722",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N4b79c4f2df62",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens aussi à vous féliciter, chère collègue, pour votre travail. Notre proposition de loi vise bel et bien toutes les victimes qui ont été contaminées. La précision que vous souhaitez apporter serait redondante. Je vous demande de retirer l’amendement, sans quoi mon avis sera défavorable. Nous souhaitons conserver au dispositif son caractère synthétique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382724",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382724",
    "3393354"
   ],
   "order": 283,
   "text": "S’agissant de l’exposition au chlordécone, nous devons faire preuve de rigueur scientifique, dans l’analyse comme dans le commentaire. La science nous dit que le chlordécone s’élimine naturellement de l’organisme avec une alimentation adaptée ; le taux de chlordécone dans le sang est alors divisé par deux en moins de six mois. La science dit aussi très clairement que le fait pour une personne d’avoir du chlordécone dans le sang ne signifie pas qu’elle est malade ou qu’elle le sera. Je saisis l’occasion de l’examen de cette proposition de loi, en particulier de cet amendement, pour faire part à la représentation nationale de ces informations importantes. Il faut les rappeler dans l’intérêt des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais qui écoutent nos débats. Ceux-ci peuvent être légitimement inquiets : s’ils ont été exposés au chlordécone, ils peuvent croire qu’ils sont d’ores et déjà malades et, dès lors, se soustraire – nous avons reçu des témoignages en ce sens – à des examens médicaux sur le fondement desquels ils pourraient au contraire, en changeant leur alimentation, se prémunir contre des risques.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 284,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382724",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 177,
   "annotation_id": "Nf9df1de3dedc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "S’agissant de l’exposition au chlordécone, nous devons faire preuve de rigueur scientifique, dans l’analyse comme dans le commentaire. La science nous dit que le chlordécone s’élimine naturellement de l’organisme avec une alimentation adaptée ; le taux de chlordécone dans le sang est alors divisé par deux en moins de six mois. La science dit aussi très clairement que le fait pour une personne d’avoir du chlordécone dans le sang ne signifie pas qu’elle est malade ou qu’elle le sera. Je saisis l’occasion de l’examen de cette proposition de loi, en particulier de cet amendement, pour faire part à la représentation nationale de ces informations importantes. Il faut les rappeler dans l’intérêt des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais qui écoutent nos débats. Ceux-ci peuvent être légitimement inquiets : s’ils ont été exposés au chlordécone, ils peuvent croire qu’ils sont d’ores et déjà malades et, dès lors, se soustraire – nous avons reçu des témoignages en ce sens – à des examens médicaux sur le fondement desquels ils pourraient au contraire, en changeant leur alimentation, se prémunir contre des risques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796018",
   "speaker": "Danielle Simonnet",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Simonnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382729",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382729"
   ],
   "order": 288,
   "text": "Oui, madame la présidente.Le test sanguin est gratuit en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, mais il ne l’est pas dans les autres territoires de la République. Nous souhaitons que toutes les personnes qui ont été contaminées en Martinique et en Guadeloupe bénéficient de la gratuité des tests, quel que soit le lieu où elles résident dorénavant. Telles sont les implications de l’amendement, et elles sont importantes.Nombre de nos concitoyens guadeloupéens et martiniquais ont quitté la Guadeloupe ou la Martinique pour vivre dans un autre territoire de la République. Il faut qu’ils soient tous pris en considération. Fort heureusement, il ne suffit pas d’être contaminé pour être condamné, mais n’oubliez pas que beaucoup de victimes viennent se faire soigner dans l’Hexagone et y mourir ! (M. Jean-Philippe Nilor acquiesce.)Envisagez cet amendement avec sérieux : toutes les victimes doivent être concernées par le texte, notamment pour bénéficier de la gratuité des tests. D’ailleurs, la politique de sensibilisation et de prévention devrait être menée dans l’ensemble des territoires de la République. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 288,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382729",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 183,
   "annotation_id": "N2791ac97fea3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, madame la présidente.Le test sanguin est gratuit en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, mais il ne l’est pas dans les autres territoires de la République. Nous souhaitons que toutes les personnes qui ont été contaminées en Martinique et en Guadeloupe bénéficient de la gratuité des tests, quel que soit le lieu où elles résident dorénavant. Telles sont les implications de l’amendement, et elles sont importantes.Nombre de nos concitoyens guadeloupéens et martiniquais ont quitté la Guadeloupe ou la Martinique pour vivre dans un autre territoire de la République. Il faut qu’ils soient tous pris en considération. Fort heureusement, il ne suffit pas d’être contaminé pour être condamné, mais n’oubliez pas que beaucoup de victimes viennent se faire soigner dans l’Hexagone et y mourir ! (M. [PERSONNE] acquiesce.)Envisagez cet amendement avec sérieux : toutes les victimes doivent être concernées par le texte, notamment pour bénéficier de la gratuité des tests. D’ailleurs, la politique de sensibilisation et de prévention devrait être menée dans l’ensemble des territoires de la République. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795820",
   "speaker": "Marcellin Nadeau",
   "quality": "M. Marcellin Nadeau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382734",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382734"
   ],
   "order": 293,
   "text": "Nous connaissons la complexité de la situation, mais une chose est assez bizarre dans l’affaire du chlordécone : lorsque quelques éléments scientifiques semblent indiquer que tout va pour le mieux dans le meilleur des mondes, on les prend en considération ; lorsque d’autres disent l’inverse, on tend à les ignorer.Inscrivons au moins dans notre droit le principe selon lequel les membres de ce que l’on pourrait appeler la diaspora antillaise pourront bénéficier de la gratuité des tests. Cet élément nous paraît fondamental. (Mme Danielle Simonnet applaudit.)Dès lors que le lien de causalité est démontré, il faut que toutes les victimes soient indemnisées, quelles qu’elles soient et où qu’elles habitent. C’est pourquoi nous soutiendrons cet amendement avec conviction et détermination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 293,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382734",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 137,
   "annotation_id": "N1bdf8319a2d9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous connaissons la complexité de la situation, mais une chose est assez bizarre dans l’affaire du chlordécone : lorsque quelques éléments scientifiques semblent indiquer que tout va pour le mieux dans le meilleur des mondes, on les prend en considération ; lorsque d’autres disent l’inverse, on tend à les ignorer.Inscrivons au moins dans notre droit le principe selon lequel les membres de ce que l’on pourrait appeler la diaspora antillaise pourront bénéficier de la gratuité des tests. Cet élément nous paraît fondamental. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Dès lors que le lien de causalité est démontré, il faut que toutes les victimes soient indemnisées, quelles qu’elles soient et où qu’elles habitent. C’est pourquoi nous soutiendrons cet amendement avec conviction et détermination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA717379",
   "speaker": "Sylvain Maillard",
   "quality": "M. Sylvain Maillard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382738",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382738"
   ],
   "order": 297,
   "text": "Madame Simonnet, votre propos, au demeurant intéressant, ne correspond pas à ce qui est écrit dans l’amendement. Celui-ci est redondant avec ce qui figure dans la proposition de loi, d’où l’invitation du rapporteur et de la ministre à le retirer. C’est aussi pour cette raison que nous voterons contre.Je comprends votre intention : vous êtes convaincue que l’accès aux tests doit être partout gratuit. Déposez un sous-amendement en ce sens et nous nous prononcerons alors à ce sujet. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 297,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382738",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Nfab01069ff4f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Simonnet, votre propos, au demeurant intéressant, ne correspond pas à ce qui est écrit dans l’amendement. Celui-ci est redondant avec ce qui figure dans la proposition de loi, d’où l’invitation du rapporteur et de la ministre à le retirer. C’est aussi pour cette raison que nous voterons contre.Je comprends votre intention : vous êtes convaincue que l’accès aux tests doit être partout gratuit. Déposez un sous-amendement en ce sens et nous nous prononcerons alors à ce sujet. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382741",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382741"
   ],
   "order": 300,
   "text": "Je fais partie de la diaspora antillaise : née à Paris, j’ai vécu plusieurs années en Martinique et je suis désormais élue dans le Val-de-Marne. Or je ne suis pas sûre qu’il soit nécessaire que les membres de la diaspora procèdent à un test sanguin. En effet, au bout de quelque temps, avec une alimentation diversifiée, la plus saine possible, le chlordécone disparaît du sang, ainsi que l’a expliqué Mme la ministre. Selon moi, votre amendement n’est pas approprié. Le groupe MODEM ne votera pas en sa faveur.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 300,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382741",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "Ne55f0421bc6e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je fais partie de la diaspora antillaise : née à Paris, j’ai vécu plusieurs années en Martinique et je suis désormais élue dans le Val-de-Marne. Or je ne suis pas sûre qu’il soit nécessaire que les membres de la diaspora procèdent à un test sanguin. En effet, au bout de quelque temps, avec une alimentation diversifiée, la plus saine possible, le chlordécone disparaît du sang, ainsi que l’a expliqué Mme la ministre. Selon moi, votre amendement n’est pas approprié. Le groupe [GROUPE] ne votera pas en sa faveur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382747",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382747"
   ],
   "order": 306,
   "text": "Rien ne pouvait justifier, en 1972, que le ministère de l’agriculture autorise la mise sur le marché du chlordécone, alors que sa toxicité était déjà scientifiquement connue depuis 1963. Rien ne pouvait justifier, le 2 avril 1976, soit un peu moins d’un an après l’incident survenu à l’usine de Hopewell aux États-Unis, que la France prolonge l’autorisation provisoire du chlordécone. Rien ne pouvait justifier, en 1980, l’homologation du chlordécone, alors même que, dès 1979, l’OMS avait classé la molécule parmi les cancérigènes possibles. Surtout, rien ne pouvait justifier que les pouvoirs publics français autorisent, comme ils l’ont fait en 1992, puis une nouvelle fois en 1993, l’utilisation du chlordécone sur les sols martiniquais et guadeloupéens, alors qu’ils l’avaient interdite sur le territoire hexagonal.Ces décisions ont été prises en connaissance de cause. Le temps est désormais à la reconnaissance de la responsabilité et à la réparation. Pour réparer et restaurer la confiance, il est nécessaire que la responsabilité des décideurs politiques soit publiquement établie. Grâce à ce travail de mémoire, nous devons nous rappeler les erreurs du passé et éviter de les reproduire.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 306,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382747",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 182,
   "annotation_id": "N1c18d6ef34e8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Rien ne pouvait justifier, en 1972, que le ministère de l’agriculture autorise la mise sur le marché du chlordécone, alors que sa toxicité était déjà scientifiquement connue depuis 1963. Rien ne pouvait justifier, le 2 avril 1976, soit un peu moins d’un an après l’incident survenu à l’usine de Hopewell aux États-Unis, que la France prolonge l’autorisation provisoire du chlordécone. Rien ne pouvait justifier, en 1980, l’homologation du chlordécone, alors même que, dès 1979, l’OMS avait classé la molécule parmi les cancérigènes possibles. Surtout, rien ne pouvait justifier que les pouvoirs publics français autorisent, comme ils l’ont fait en 1992, puis une nouvelle fois en 1993, l’utilisation du chlordécone sur les sols martiniquais et guadeloupéens, alors qu’ils l’avaient interdite sur le territoire hexagonal.Ces décisions ont été prises en connaissance de cause. Le temps est désormais à la reconnaissance de la responsabilité et à la réparation. Pour réparer et restaurer la confiance, il est nécessaire que la responsabilité des décideurs politiques soit publiquement établie. Grâce à ce travail de mémoire, nous devons nous rappeler les erreurs du passé et éviter de les reproduire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382750",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382750"
   ],
   "order": 309,
   "text": "Je comprends parfaitement ce que vous recherchez par cet amendement, mais l’heure n’est plus à la recherche des responsabilités. La commission d’enquête présidée par Serge Letchimy et dont la rapporteure était Justine Benin a déjà précisé où étaient les responsabilités. Ce que nous voulons maintenant, c’est que la responsabilité de l’État soit reconnue, afin que toutes les conséquences soient tirées en matière de dépollution et d’indemnisation. C’est pourquoi nous donnons un avis défavorable, comme nous l’avions fait en commission.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 309,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382750",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Na7d4c0a31ef1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends parfaitement ce que vous recherchez par cet amendement, mais l’heure n’est plus à la recherche des responsabilités. La commission d’enquête présidée par [PERSONNE] et dont la rapporteure était [PERSONNE] a déjà précisé où étaient les responsabilités. Ce que nous voulons maintenant, c’est que la responsabilité de l’État soit reconnue, afin que toutes les conséquences soient tirées en matière de dépollution et d’indemnisation. C’est pourquoi nous donnons un avis défavorable, comme nous l’avions fait en commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382756",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382756"
   ],
   "order": 315,
   "text": "Comme nous souhaitions l’indiquer par certains de nos amendements, cette responsabilité n’est pas unique ; elle est globale et partagée. Plusieurs orateurs l’ont dit dans la discussion générale et c’est aussi le sens du présent amendement. C’est pourquoi je ne comprends pas que nous ne soyons pas parvenus à un accord.Il y a quelque chose de cocasse. Nous parlons de la responsabilité de l’État. Or qui était l’État à l’époque où le scandale du chlordécone a eu lieu, c’est-à-dire jusqu’en 1993 ? Qui était alors le chef de l’État ? François Mitterrand, qui était socialiste. Or c’est à l’occasion d’une niche socialiste que l’on nous demande d’adopter un texte reconnaissant la responsabilité de l’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – « Et alors ? » et autres exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 315,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382756",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "Nd1535765d33e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Comme nous souhaitions l’indiquer par certains de nos amendements, cette responsabilité n’est pas unique ; elle est globale et partagée. Plusieurs orateurs l’ont dit dans la discussion générale et c’est aussi le sens du présent amendement. C’est pourquoi je ne comprends pas que nous ne soyons pas parvenus à un accord.Il y a quelque chose de cocasse. Nous parlons de la responsabilité de l’État. Or qui était l’État à l’époque où le scandale du chlordécone a eu lieu, c’est-à-dire jusqu’en 1993 ? Qui était alors le chef de l’État ? François Mitterrand, qui était [GROUPE]. Or c’est à l’occasion d’une niche [GROUPE] que l’on nous demande d’adopter un texte reconnaissant la responsabilité de l’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – « Et alors ? » et autres exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382759",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382759"
   ],
   "order": 318,
   "text": "Il faut être clair. C’est incroyable qu’on en arrive là ! On oublie que tout cela s’est passé il y a plus de trente ans. Certains orateurs essaient de nier l’engagement qui a été celui de la majorité, du Gouvernement et du Président de la République. Quel chef de l’État a enfin reconnu la responsabilité de l’État ? (« C’est nous ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – Mme Maud Petit applaudit également.) Cela embête beaucoup de gens de le dire, mais c’est Emmanuel Macron. Dans le prolongement de la commission d’enquête, qui a lancé un véritable plan Chlordécone pour que l’on commence enfin à indemniser les victimes ? (« C’est nous ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.) C’est là encore Emmanuel Macron. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et SOC.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 318,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382759",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 140,
   "annotation_id": "Nc7462a0b7b85",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut être clair. C’est incroyable qu’on en arrive là ! On oublie que tout cela s’est passé il y a plus de trente ans. Certains orateurs essaient de nier l’engagement qui a été celui de la majorité, du Gouvernement et du Président de la République. Quel chef de l’État a enfin reconnu la responsabilité de l’État ? (« C’est nous ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Cela embête beaucoup de gens de le dire, mais c’est [PERSONNE]. Dans le prolongement de la commission d’enquête, qui a lancé un véritable plan Chlordécone pour que l’on commence enfin à indemniser les victimes ? (« C’est nous ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.) C’est là encore [PERSONNE]. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382761",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3382761"
   ],
   "order": 320,
   "text": "Je voudrais que l’on prenne en considération que c’est avec cette majorité que l’on avance dans la réparation, dans l’indemnisation et dans le déploiement de la stratégie relative au chlordécone (Mêmes mouvements.) L’heure n’est plus à une chasse aux sorcières. Consacrons dans ce texte – tel était l’objet de mes amendements – l’action qui vise à réparer les dommages causés aux populations antillaises. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – Mme Maud Petit applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 320,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3382761",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N7ca73982cdba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais que l’on prenne en considération que c’est avec cette majorité que l’on avance dans la réparation, dans l’indemnisation et dans le déploiement de la stratégie relative au chlordécone (Mêmes mouvements.) L’heure n’est plus à une chasse aux sorcières. Consacrons dans ce texte – tel était l’objet de mes amendements – l’action qui vise à réparer les dommages causés aux populations antillaises. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795876",
   "speaker": "Davy Rimane",
   "quality": "M. Davy Rimane",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383058",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383058"
   ],
   "order": 322,
   "text": "Je ne comprends pas ce que vous venez de dire. Nous cherchons non à mettre un nom derrière l’entité État, mais à comprendre ce qui s’est passé. La décision a été prise par les autorités compétentes, qui ont agi dans une continuité, année après année. Que cette politique ait été le fait de la gauche, de la droite, du centre, on s’en fiche ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et SOC. – Mme Astrid Panosyan-Bouvet applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 322,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383058",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Ne5537562f694",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne comprends pas ce que vous venez de dire. Nous cherchons non à mettre un nom derrière l’entité État, mais à comprendre ce qui s’est passé. La décision a été prise par les autorités compétentes, qui ont agi dans une continuité, année après année. Que cette politique ait été le fait de la gauche, de la droite, du centre, on s’en fiche ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795876",
   "speaker": "Davy Rimane",
   "quality": "M. Davy Rimane",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383062",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383062"
   ],
   "order": 326,
   "text": "Chers collègues, je vous demande de prendre un peu de hauteur. Je le répète : cela ne nous intéresse pas de savoir si c’était la gauche ou la droite. Tout ce que nous voulons, c’est que l’État, à travers les parlementaires que nous sommes, reconnaisse qu’il a fauté. Nous n’entrerons pas dans la politique politicienne.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 326,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383062",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N7ca0a7e666a7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues, je vous demande de prendre un peu de hauteur. Je le répète : cela ne nous intéresse pas de savoir si c’était la gauche ou la droite. Tout ce que nous voulons, c’est que l’État, à travers les parlementaires que nous sommes, reconnaisse qu’il a fauté. Nous n’entrerons pas dans la politique politicienne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796070",
   "speaker": "Perceval Gaillard",
   "quality": "M. Perceval Gaillard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383066",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383066"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Avant de le défendre, je tiens à dire que ce qui vient de se passer est indigne. La nation nous regarde, les Antillais nous regardent. Faire de la politique politicienne sur le dos des victimes est indigne de notre débat ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)J’en viens à l’amendement. Mme la ministre déléguée et certains de nos collègues ont expliqué que les bilans sanguins ne servent à rien, puisqu’il est impossible de savoir si l’on est malade ou pas. Il est pourtant écrit dans un rapport de l’Opecst de février 2023 qu’il « apparaît important d’encourager activement des populations sensibles et exposées à réaliser ces analyses, afin qu’elles puissent évaluer leur éventuelle imprégnation et être accompagnées par des professionnels de santé et des équipes formées pour réduire celle-ci. » Alors, qui raconte n’importe quoi ? Vous ou l’Opecst ?Par cet amendement, nous proposons qu’une campagne de prévention soit organisée pour encourager les citoyens et les citoyennes à réaliser un dosage sanguin de chlordécone. Ces tests sont gratuits en Martinique, en Guadeloupe, mais payants dans le reste de l’Hexagone.Lors de la présentation du bilan du plan Chlordécone IV, en novembre 2022, les résultats étaient décevants car le nombre de personnes dépistées étaient insuffisant – il faut dire que vos propos n’encourageront pas les gens à effectuer la démarche ! Les tests sont pourtant essentiels pour évaluer l’exposition aux pesticides et bénéficier d’un accompagnement adapté. Une campagne à l’échelle nationale permettrait de mieux mesurer l’ampleur de la contamination. C’est un amendement essentiel pour nous faire une idée claire et nette du nombre de personnes contaminées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 330,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383066",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 272,
   "annotation_id": "N097bc48d9be6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de le défendre, je tiens à dire que ce qui vient de se passer est indigne. La nation nous regarde, les Antillais nous regardent. Faire de la politique politicienne sur le dos des victimes est indigne de notre débat ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)J’en viens à l’amendement. Mme la ministre déléguée et certains de nos collègues ont expliqué que les bilans sanguins ne servent à rien, puisqu’il est impossible de savoir si l’on est malade ou pas. Il est pourtant écrit dans un rapport de l’Opecst de février 2023 qu’il « apparaît important d’encourager activement des populations sensibles et exposées à réaliser ces analyses, afin qu’elles puissent évaluer leur éventuelle imprégnation et être accompagnées par des professionnels de santé et des équipes formées pour réduire celle-ci. » Alors, qui raconte n’importe quoi ? Vous ou l’Opecst ?Par cet amendement, nous proposons qu’une campagne de prévention soit organisée pour encourager les citoyens et les citoyennes à réaliser un dosage sanguin de chlordécone. Ces tests sont gratuits en Martinique, en Guadeloupe, mais payants dans le reste de l’Hexagone.Lors de la présentation du bilan du plan Chlordécone IV, en novembre 2022, les résultats étaient décevants car le nombre de personnes dépistées étaient insuffisant – il faut dire que vos propos n’encourageront pas les gens à effectuer la démarche ! Les tests sont pourtant essentiels pour évaluer l’exposition aux pesticides et bénéficier d’un accompagnement adapté. Une campagne à l’échelle nationale permettrait de mieux mesurer l’ampleur de la contamination. C’est un amendement essentiel pour nous faire une idée claire et nette du nombre de personnes contaminées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383071",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383071"
   ],
   "order": 335,
   "text": "Cher collègue, je vous comprends. Moi-même, j’ai eu envie de tout mettre dans un seul texte. Je suis bien conscient de l’importance de cette mesure, mais nous sommes dans le cadre d’une niche ; restons-en au texte. Ce dépistage gratuit pourrait être proposé dans le cadre de la prochaine loi de financement de la sécurité sociale ; il semble que ce soit là le projet de la commission des affaires sociales. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 335,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383071",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N23dfe1d073ea",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cher collègue, je vous comprends. Moi-même, j’ai eu envie de tout mettre dans un seul texte. Je suis bien conscient de l’importance de cette mesure, mais nous sommes dans le cadre d’une niche ; restons-en au texte. Ce dépistage gratuit pourrait être proposé dans le cadre de la prochaine loi de financement de la sécurité sociale ; il semble que ce soit là le projet de la commission des affaires sociales. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383073",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383073"
   ],
   "order": 337,
   "text": "Je salue la sagesse du rapporteur. Il ne faut pas partir dans tous les sens, ni exprimer de la défiance vis-à-vis d’un plan Chlordécone par ailleurs loué par nos partenaires, ainsi que le soulignent de nombreux élus des Antilles.Mme la ministre déléguée aux outre-mer n’a jamais dit que les tests ne servaient à rien.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 337,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383073",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N8f3e28597a55",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue la sagesse du rapporteur. Il ne faut pas partir dans tous les sens, ni exprimer de la défiance vis-à-vis d’un plan Chlordécone par ailleurs loué par nos partenaires, ainsi que le soulignent de nombreux élus des Antilles.Mme la ministre déléguée aux outre-mer n’a jamais dit que les tests ne servaient à rien."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383076",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383076"
   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "Elle a insisté sur le fait que la campagne, pour être efficace, devait être ciblée sur les territoires concernés. Les moyens qui y sont consacrés augmenteront dans les années à venir. Ils doivent être concentrés sur les populations les plus exposées, c’est-à-dire celles des Antilles, de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Pour cette raison, je partage l’avis défavorable du rapporteur.Nous devons poursuivre la campagne de tests menée par les agences régionales de santé (ARS). Je rappelle que 30 000 analyses ont déjà été effectuées, que les crédits qui les financent ont déjà été multipliés par près de 2,5 et que l’État, comme il s’y était engagé, poursuivra cet effort de dépistage, de traçabilité et de meilleure compréhension de l’impact scientifique du chlordécone – je fais ici référence aux crédits alloués à la recherche.Cet amendement implique un éparpillement de la stratégie ; cela se retournerait contre les premiers concernés.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 340,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383076",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N8104f2f82560",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Elle a insisté sur le fait que la campagne, pour être efficace, devait être ciblée sur les territoires concernés. Les moyens qui y sont consacrés augmenteront dans les années à venir. Ils doivent être concentrés sur les populations les plus exposées, c’est-à-dire celles des Antilles, de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Pour cette raison, je partage l’avis défavorable du rapporteur.Nous devons poursuivre la campagne de tests menée par les agences régionales de santé (ARS). Je rappelle que 30 000 analyses ont déjà été effectuées, que les crédits qui les financent ont déjà été multipliés par près de 2,5 et que l’État, comme il s’y était engagé, poursuivra cet effort de dépistage, de traçabilité et de meilleure compréhension de l’impact scientifique du chlordécone – je fais ici référence aux crédits alloués à la recherche.Cet amendement implique un éparpillement de la stratégie ; cela se retournerait contre les premiers concernés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383080",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383080"
   ],
   "order": 344,
   "text": "Je persiste et je signe : il n’est pas nécessaire de mener une campagne au niveau national. Ne me pointez pas du doigt en m’accusant de ne pas vouloir réaliser ces tests et de ne pas passer le message ! Pas plus tard que mardi matin, lors des questions orales sans débat, dans un hémicycle quasiment vide, j’ai interpellé le Gouvernement en lui demandant d’améliorer l’efficacité de la campagne de tests en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, en adressant des courriers à nos concitoyens antillais, pour que chacun sache que ces tests existent. Je n’ai pas été satisfaite de la réponse du ministre délégué, Patrice Vergriete, qui est passé à côté de la question.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 344,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383080",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 113,
   "annotation_id": "N91f7d4e0e724",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je persiste et je signe : il n’est pas nécessaire de mener une campagne au niveau national. Ne me pointez pas du doigt en m’accusant de ne pas vouloir réaliser ces tests et de ne pas passer le message ! Pas plus tard que mardi matin, lors des questions orales sans débat, dans un hémicycle quasiment vide, j’ai interpellé le Gouvernement en lui demandant d’améliorer l’efficacité de la campagne de tests en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, en adressant des courriers à nos concitoyens antillais, pour que chacun sache que ces tests existent. Je n’ai pas été satisfaite de la réponse du ministre délégué, [PERSONNE], qui est passé à côté de la question."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383085",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383085"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Nous voterons pour cet amendement. J’ai écouté attentivement M. Maillard tout à l’heure. Je dois dire que, pour une fois – c’est rare, et même assez exceptionnel pour être fêté –, j’étais parfaitement en phase avec son argumentaire. Par bon sens, il nous a suggéré de déposer un sous-amendement, ce qui était une proposition particulièrement pertinente ; comme quoi, la vérité peut jaillir de tous les bancs de cette assemblée ! Je comprendrais mal qu’il ne fasse pas campagne pour cet amendement-ci, qui propose exactement les dispositions qu’il souhaitait voir figurer dans le sous-amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)J’ajoute à l’intention de notre collègue Maud Petit que la moitié de la population antillaise vit dans l’Hexagone.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 349,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383085",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "N4c5b019deda3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voterons pour cet amendement. J’ai écouté attentivement M. Maillard tout à l’heure. Je dois dire que, pour une fois – c’est rare, et même assez exceptionnel pour être fêté –, j’étais parfaitement en phase avec son argumentaire. Par bon sens, il nous a suggéré de déposer un sous-amendement, ce qui était une proposition particulièrement pertinente ; comme quoi, la vérité peut jaillir de tous les bancs de cette assemblée ! Je comprendrais mal qu’il ne fasse pas campagne pour cet amendement-ci, qui propose exactement les dispositions qu’il souhaitait voir figurer dans le sous-amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)J’ajoute à l’intention de notre collègue [PERSONNE] que la moitié de la population antillaise vit dans l’Hexagone."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383088",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383088"
   ],
   "order": 352,
   "text": "Une campagne de sensibilisation lui assurant la gratuité des tests permettrait de voir si ses résultats diffèrent de ceux de la population vivant encore aux Antilles. Cela permettrait de valider ou d’infirmer la théorie fumeuse, selon laquelle, dès qu’on prend l’avion pour traverser l’Atlantique, il n’y aurait plus de problème. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 352,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383088",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "N7fb97cf1757b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une campagne de sensibilisation lui assurant la gratuité des tests permettrait de voir si ses résultats diffèrent de ceux de la population vivant encore aux Antilles. Cela permettrait de valider ou d’infirmer la théorie fumeuse, selon laquelle, dès qu’on prend l’avion pour traverser l’Atlantique, il n’y aurait plus de problème. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA717379",
   "speaker": "Sylvain Maillard",
   "quality": "M. Sylvain Maillard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383092",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383092"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Il se fonde sur l’article 100 du règlement, puisque mon collègue m’a interpellé. Cet amendement ne propose pas la même chose que le précédent : Mme Simonnet voulait généraliser la gratuité des tests, ce à quoi nous avons répondu que c’était déjà possible. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.) Celui-ci propose de lancer une campagne de prévention.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3381563",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 356,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383092",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N002c63ba48e1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il se fonde sur l’article 100 du règlement, puisque mon collègue m’a interpellé. Cet amendement ne propose pas la même chose que le précédent : Mme Simonnet voulait généraliser la gratuité des tests, ce à quoi nous avons répondu que c’était déjà possible. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Celui-ci propose de lancer une campagne de prévention."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383099",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383099"
   ],
   "order": 363,
   "text": "À force de dissimuler les problèmes et de repousser les actions nécessaires, les gouvernements successifs ont suscité chez les Antillais une méfiance importante et parfaitement compréhensible, qu’il convient désormais de dissiper.Par cet amendement, nous entendons assigner l’État à une obligation d’information, transparente et juste, sur les effets du chlordécone et les avancées de la dépollution. De même, l’État devra s’assurer de la parfaite information de nos concitoyens ultramarins sur les démarches qu’ils peuvent entreprendre en cas de contamination.Trop peu de personnes effectuent les tests gratuits de dépistage, trop peu connaissent l’existence du fonds d’indemnisation. Il existe bien, en matière d’information, une lacune que cet amendement tend à combler.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 363,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383099",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N7f853f7fb318",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À force de dissimuler les problèmes et de repousser les actions nécessaires, les gouvernements successifs ont suscité chez les Antillais une méfiance importante et parfaitement compréhensible, qu’il convient désormais de dissiper.Par cet amendement, nous entendons assigner l’État à une obligation d’information, transparente et juste, sur les effets du chlordécone et les avancées de la dépollution. De même, l’État devra s’assurer de la parfaite information de nos concitoyens ultramarins sur les démarches qu’ils peuvent entreprendre en cas de contamination.Trop peu de personnes effectuent les tests gratuits de dépistage, trop peu connaissent l’existence du fonds d’indemnisation. Il existe bien, en matière d’information, une lacune que cet amendement tend à combler."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383101",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383101"
   ],
   "order": 367,
   "text": "La situation que vous décrivez n’est pas due à l’absence de communication. Il y a une campagne d’information dans le cadre du plan Chlordécone, mais elle est inefficace. Pourquoi ? Parce qu’il y a eu une rupture de la confiance entre l’État et les populations martiniquaise et guadeloupéenne. L’objectif de la proposition de loi est de rétablir cette confiance. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 367,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383101",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N72d3923a4f61",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La situation que vous décrivez n’est pas due à l’absence de communication. Il y a une campagne d’information dans le cadre du plan Chlordécone, mais elle est inefficace. Pourquoi ? Parce qu’il y a eu une rupture de la confiance entre l’État et les populations martiniquaise et guadeloupéenne. L’objectif de la proposition de loi est de rétablir cette confiance. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383103",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383103"
   ],
   "order": 369,
   "text": "Je partage l’avis de M. le rapporteur, mais pas son argumentation. Une synthèse des connaissances scientifiques est publiée régulièrement ; la cartographie des sols est disponible sur internet et mise à jour deux fois par an ; un livret sur l’état des connaissances est publié régulièrement ; enfin, j’ai annoncé tout à l’heure que le bilan du plan Chlordécone serait publié en avril. Bien sûr, on peut toujours mieux faire, et nous avons noué des partenariats avec les collectivités de Martinique et de Guadeloupe pour aller au contact des populations.Vos propos sont des incantations, qui ne correspondent pas à la réalité. Avis défavorable. (Mme Stéphanie Rist et M. Sylvain Maillard applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 369,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383103",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 111,
   "annotation_id": "Nc127b3b5e7f7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage l’avis de M. le rapporteur, mais pas son argumentation. Une synthèse des connaissances scientifiques est publiée régulièrement ; la cartographie des sols est disponible sur internet et mise à jour deux fois par an ; un livret sur l’état des connaissances est publié régulièrement ; enfin, j’ai annoncé tout à l’heure que le bilan du plan Chlordécone serait publié en avril. Bien sûr, on peut toujours mieux faire, et nous avons noué des partenariats avec les collectivités de Martinique et de Guadeloupe pour aller au contact des populations.Vos propos sont des incantations, qui ne correspondent pas à la réalité. Avis défavorable. (Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383107",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383107"
   ],
   "order": 373,
   "text": "Nous proposons d’ajouter un volet sanitaire, en plus de la dépollution des eaux et des terres et de l’indemnisation des victimes. Il s’agit de mettre l’accent sur les effets néfastes du chlordécone sur la santé des populations. Le lien entre le cancer de la prostate et la surexposition au chlordécone étant bien établi, l’amendement no 20 vise à mieux prévenir ce cancer en prévoyant un dépistage systématique à partir de 45 ans.L’amendement no 21 est un amendement de repli.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 373,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383107",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N6c40b5705e3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons d’ajouter un volet sanitaire, en plus de la dépollution des eaux et des terres et de l’indemnisation des victimes. Il s’agit de mettre l’accent sur les effets néfastes du chlordécone sur la santé des populations. Le lien entre le cancer de la prostate et la surexposition au chlordécone étant bien établi, l’amendement no 20 vise à mieux prévenir ce cancer en prévoyant un dépistage systématique à partir de 45 ans.L’amendement no 21 est un amendement de repli."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383110",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383110"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "Comme je l’ai dit en commission, même si la prévalence du cancer de la prostate est particulièrement élevée dans les Antilles, je ne pense pas qu’il faille se limiter au dépistage de cette pathologie. C’est un constat que nous partageons avec les scientifiques.Un tel amendement aura toute sa place dans le prochain projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 376,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383110",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "Ne2cf5361fae2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme je l’ai dit en commission, même si la prévalence du cancer de la prostate est particulièrement élevée dans les Antilles, je ne pense pas qu’il faille se limiter au dépistage de cette pathologie. C’est un constat que nous partageons avec les scientifiques.Un tel amendement aura toute sa place dans le prochain projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383623",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383623"
   ],
   "order": 379,
   "text": "Pourquoi vouloir imposer aux Antillais ce qui n’existe pas de manière générale dans notre pays ? Par ailleurs, des travaux de recherche sont toujours en cours pour établir le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le cancer de la prostate, même s’il existe une suspicion forte. Enfin, les recommandations de la Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) sont hésitantes quant à un dépistage systématique par dosage de l’antigène spécifique de la prostate (PSA). En effet, ses effets sont incertains sur la diminution de la mortalité, compte tenu des conséquences physiques et psychologiques importantes liées aux dosages de PSA, aux biopsies et aux traitements. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 379,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383623",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "Nc5baf1bd3f58",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi vouloir imposer aux Antillais ce qui n’existe pas de manière générale dans notre pays ? Par ailleurs, des travaux de recherche sont toujours en cours pour établir le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le cancer de la prostate, même s’il existe une suspicion forte. Enfin, les recommandations de la Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) sont hésitantes quant à un dépistage systématique par dosage de l’antigène spécifique de la prostate (PSA). En effet, ses effets sont incertains sur la diminution de la mortalité, compte tenu des conséquences physiques et psychologiques importantes liées aux dosages de PSA, aux biopsies et aux traitements. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383625",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383625"
   ],
   "order": 381,
   "text": "Je ne m’attendais pas à cette réponse. Je ne pensais pas que le doute était encore permis s’agissant du lien entre chlordécone et cancer de la prostate ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Jiovanny William applaudit également.)D’autre part, le dosage de PSA, comparé à l’ensemble des dommages liés au chlordécone, ne coûte quasiment rien. Je n’ai pas calculé son coût, mais compte tenu du nombre d’habitants, il ne devrait pas être très élevé. Nous le devons aux Antilles.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 381,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383625",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 84,
   "annotation_id": "Nd86deb18f532",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne m’attendais pas à cette réponse. Je ne pensais pas que le doute était encore permis s’agissant du lien entre chlordécone et cancer de la prostate ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)D’autre part, le dosage de PSA, comparé à l’ensemble des dommages liés au chlordécone, ne coûte quasiment rien. Je n’ai pas calculé son coût, mais compte tenu du nombre d’habitants, il ne devrait pas être très élevé. Nous le devons aux Antilles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383627",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383627"
   ],
   "order": 384,
   "text": "Je ne voudrais pas laisser le doute s’installer : je n’ai jamais dit qu’il n’y avait pas de lien entre le cancer de la prostate et le chlordécone ! Au contraire, j’ai indiqué à maintes reprises que des recherches étaient financées dans le cadre du plan Chlordécone pour le prouver. Il y a donc suspicion, mais tant que ce lien n’est pas avéré sur le plan scientifique et médical, nous ne pouvons pas le considérer comme tel.Compte tenu les recommandations de la HAS, cette suspicion de lien ne doit pas conduire à un dépistage systématique. Pourquoi ferait-on subir aux Antillais ce qui n’est pas recommandé au niveau national par la HAS ?",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 384,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383627",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "Nc29b49055873",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne voudrais pas laisser le doute s’installer : je n’ai jamais dit qu’il n’y avait pas de lien entre le cancer de la prostate et le chlordécone ! Au contraire, j’ai indiqué à maintes reprises que des recherches étaient financées dans le cadre du plan Chlordécone pour le prouver. Il y a donc suspicion, mais tant que ce lien n’est pas avéré sur le plan scientifique et médical, nous ne pouvons pas le considérer comme tel.Compte tenu les recommandations de la HAS, cette suspicion de lien ne doit pas conduire à un dépistage systématique. Pourquoi ferait-on subir aux Antillais ce qui n’est pas recommandé au niveau national par la HAS ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383629",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383629"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "Nous voterons contre cet amendement, pour les raisons évoquées par M. le ministre. Cependant, il est important de rappeler que le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le cancer de la prostate pourra être très rapidement établi grâce aux travaux de recherche.La question est celle de la modalité de dépistage, la HAS ayant déjà exprimé à d’autres occasions ses réticences face au dépistage systématique. Ce sujet mérite d’être approfondi au sein de la commission des affaires sociales, et relié au déploiement des rendez-vous médicaux de prévention aux âges clés de la vie. Cela doit nous conduire à formuler d’autres propositions, particulièrement en ce qui concerne les Antilles, compte tenu de l’impact du chlordécone. Pour le moment, le temps doit être laissé à l’avancée des recherches en la matière.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383096",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 387,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383629",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 128,
   "annotation_id": "N16aaba12ec13",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voterons contre cet amendement, pour les raisons évoquées par M. le ministre. Cependant, il est important de rappeler que le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le cancer de la prostate pourra être très rapidement établi grâce aux travaux de recherche.La question est celle de la modalité de dépistage, la HAS ayant déjà exprimé à d’autres occasions ses réticences face au dépistage systématique. Ce sujet mérite d’être approfondi au sein de la commission des affaires sociales, et relié au déploiement des rendez-vous médicaux de prévention aux âges clés de la vie. Cela doit nous conduire à formuler d’autres propositions, particulièrement en ce qui concerne les Antilles, compte tenu de l’impact du chlordécone. Pour le moment, le temps doit être laissé à l’avancée des recherches en la matière."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795998",
   "speaker": "Émeline K/Bidi",
   "quality": "Mme Emeline K/Bidi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383638",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383638"
   ],
   "order": 399,
   "text": "Il vise à ajouter aux objectifs que s’assigne l’État celui de la prévention de tous les risques sanitaires, particulièrement en outre-mer.Le meilleur moyen de n’avoir ni à dépolluer ni à indemniser, c’est de prévenir et d’anticiper. Je pense notamment à la pollution due au mercure, en Guyane, et à celle due au glyphosate, pour lequel le Gouvernement a prononcé, en 2023, une prolongation d’utilisation de dix ans à La Réunion. Ce sont des risques sanitaires que l’État peut prévenir.Tout à l’heure, les collègues de la majorité étaient particulièrement véhéments pour dénoncer ceux qui, à l’époque, pour le compte de l’État, ont délivré les autorisations ayant permis que tel ou tel risque se réalise. Quand on regardera dans dix ans la période actuelle, on saura que c’est Emmanuel Macron, ce gouvernement et vous, collègues de la majorité, qui ont permis ou favorisé tel ou tel risque. Le meilleur moyen pour l’État de ne pas avoir à reconnaître sa responsabilité dans dix ans, c’est de prévenir…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383717",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 399,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383638",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 164,
   "annotation_id": "Ne186bb5d7ff2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à ajouter aux objectifs que s’assigne l’État celui de la prévention de tous les risques sanitaires, particulièrement en outre-mer.Le meilleur moyen de n’avoir ni à dépolluer ni à indemniser, c’est de prévenir et d’anticiper. Je pense notamment à la pollution due au mercure, en Guyane, et à celle due au glyphosate, pour lequel le Gouvernement a prononcé, en 2023, une prolongation d’utilisation de dix ans à La Réunion. Ce sont des risques sanitaires que l’État peut prévenir.Tout à l’heure, les collègues de la majorité étaient particulièrement véhéments pour dénoncer ceux qui, à l’époque, pour le compte de l’État, ont délivré les autorisations ayant permis que tel ou tel risque se réalise. Quand on regardera dans dix ans la période actuelle, on saura que c’est [PERSONNE], ce gouvernement et vous, collègues de la majorité, qui ont permis ou favorisé tel ou tel risque. Le meilleur moyen pour l’État de ne pas avoir à reconnaître sa responsabilité dans dix ans, c’est de prévenir…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795998",
   "speaker": "Émeline K/Bidi",
   "quality": "Mme Emeline K/Bidi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383642",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383642"
   ],
   "order": 403,
   "text": "…et de se pencher sur tous les risques sanitaires que nous connaissons, et que nous pouvons encore conjurer.Ajoutons cet objectif de prévention dans la loi ! Cela ne mange pas de pain, et je vois que vous en êtes d’accord. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES. – Mme Sandra Regol applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383717",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 403,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383642",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "N108b3f8596e7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et de se pencher sur tous les risques sanitaires que nous connaissons, et que nous pouvons encore conjurer.Ajoutons cet objectif de prévention dans la loi ! Cela ne mange pas de pain, et je vois que vous en êtes d’accord. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383644",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383644"
   ],
   "order": 406,
   "text": "Être rapporteur est parfois un exercice très difficile. Je comprends et partage tout ce que vous avez dit : je vous propose de revenir sur ces questions à l’occasion d’autres débats et de nous en tenir, pour l’heure et dans le cadre de cette niche parlementaire, au sujet du texte : le chlordécone.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383717",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 406,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383644",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "Nf8daa28350dc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Être rapporteur est parfois un exercice très difficile. Je comprends et partage tout ce que vous avez dit : je vous propose de revenir sur ces questions à l’occasion d’autres débats et de nous en tenir, pour l’heure et dans le cadre de cette niche parlementaire, au sujet du texte : le chlordécone."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383647",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383647"
   ],
   "order": 409,
   "text": "On peut se faire plaisir en ajoutant beaucoup de choses au texte, mais la prévention des risques sanitaires est déjà inscrite à l’article 1er du code de la santé publique.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383717",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 409,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383647",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N6c8cf4921f87",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "On peut se faire plaisir en ajoutant beaucoup de choses au texte, mais la prévention des risques sanitaires est déjà inscrite à l’article 1er du code de la santé publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383726",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383726"
   ],
   "order": 415,
   "text": "Pour les raisons qui viennent d’être évoquées, nous voterons contre cet amendement. L’amendement no 35, que nous avons adopté tout à l’heure, permet déjà de couvrir le champ de la prévention.Je souhaite aussi expliquer la position du groupe Renaissance – identique, me semble-t-il, à celle des autres groupes de la majorité – sur l’article 1er.Nous sommes favorables à la reconnaissance, dans la loi, de la part de responsabilité de l’État, non exclusive. Parce que nous ne sommes pas parvenus à un accord sur la rédaction et que, en dépit de certaines avancées, des amendements ne nous satisfont pas – à l’image de l’amendement no 23 de Mme Rousseau –, nous nous abstiendrons.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383717",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 415,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383726",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N87f011280563",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour les raisons qui viennent d’être évoquées, nous voterons contre cet amendement. L’amendement no 35, que nous avons adopté tout à l’heure, permet déjà de couvrir le champ de la prévention.Je souhaite aussi expliquer la position du groupe [GROUPE] – identique, me semble-t-il, à celle des autres groupes de la majorité – sur l’article 1er.Nous sommes favorables à la reconnaissance, dans la loi, de la part de responsabilité de l’État, non exclusive. Parce que nous ne sommes pas parvenus à un accord sur la rédaction et que, en dépit de certaines avancées, des amendements ne nous satisfont pas – à l’image de l’amendement no 23 de Mme Rousseau –, nous nous abstiendrons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA643157",
   "speaker": "Philippe Naillet",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Naillet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383733",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383733"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "Toutes les études ont montré que ces produits ne protègent pas, mais détruisent le vivant. Toutes les études ont prouvé qu’ils ne sont bons ni pour la santé publique, ni pour l’environnement, ni pour la biodiversité – exceptionnelle, comme les écosystèmes – de nos territoires. Nous ne voulons plus de ces produits : nous voulons être des territoires exemplaires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC, ainsi sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3383717",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 422,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383733",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N983c3aa423bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Toutes les études ont montré que ces produits ne protègent pas, mais détruisent le vivant. Toutes les études ont prouvé qu’ils ne sont bons ni pour la santé publique, ni pour l’environnement, ni pour la biodiversité – exceptionnelle, comme les écosystèmes – de nos territoires. Nous ne voulons plus de ces produits : nous voulons être des territoires exemplaires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], ainsi sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794762",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383744",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383744"
   ],
   "order": 433,
   "text": "Il vise à sensibiliser et à impliquer les professionnels de santé et de l’éducation des territoires guadeloupéen et martiniquais sur le sujet du chlordécone. L’objectif est de mettre à profit des professionnels proches de la population, acteurs en qui elle a confiance et à qui elle a régulièrement affaire, pour informer nos compatriotes sur ce pesticide, ses répercussions et les avancées réalisées en matière de dépollution.Ces professionnels joueraient un rôle central dans la diffusion des informations, notamment en ce qui concerne les dépistages et les analyses gratuites. Du jeune qui va à l’école à la femme enceinte qui se présente chez le médecin, toute la population pourrait être facilement sensibilisée, informée, conseillée et rassurée.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 433,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383744",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 114,
   "annotation_id": "N24cdcb6207bf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à sensibiliser et à impliquer les professionnels de santé et de l’éducation des territoires guadeloupéen et martiniquais sur le sujet du chlordécone. L’objectif est de mettre à profit des professionnels proches de la population, acteurs en qui elle a confiance et à qui elle a régulièrement affaire, pour informer nos compatriotes sur ce pesticide, ses répercussions et les avancées réalisées en matière de dépollution.Ces professionnels joueraient un rôle central dans la diffusion des informations, notamment en ce qui concerne les dépistages et les analyses gratuites. Du jeune qui va à l’école à la femme enceinte qui se présente chez le médecin, toute la population pourrait être facilement sensibilisée, informée, conseillée et rassurée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383749",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383749"
   ],
   "order": 438,
   "text": "Une fois de plus, il faut faire attention à ne pas s’éparpiller. Ne donnons pas l’impression que nous partons d’une feuille blanche et que la formation des professionnels de santé est une nécessité, alors même qu’elle est au cœur du plan Chlordécone. Je vous invite à vous reporter au document, où tout est expliqué.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 438,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383749",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N342c2c6b1be0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Une fois de plus, il faut faire attention à ne pas s’éparpiller. Ne donnons pas l’impression que nous partons d’une feuille blanche et que la formation des professionnels de santé est une nécessité, alors même qu’elle est au cœur du plan Chlordécone. Je vous invite à vous reporter au document, où tout est expliqué."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383751",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383751"
   ],
   "order": 440,
   "text": "Il suffit de le lire et vous verrez que des actions de formation sont pensées et entreprises pour rendre le dispositif de dépistage, de soins et d’accompagnement efficace.En 2023, plus de 250 professionnels de santé ont ainsi été formés en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, et il est prévu d’aller plus loin. Rappelons aussi que les rectorats et le ministère de l’agriculture et de la souveraineté alimentaire veillent à la formation de leurs personnels et mènent des actions concrètes d’accompagnement et de dépistage afin de mieux repérer les cas et lutter contre ce fléau dans les deux départements.L’amendement est pleinement satisfait par l’engagement du Gouvernement et de l’État au travers du plan Chlordécone. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 440,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383751",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 114,
   "annotation_id": "Nbdb6f5a3fc31",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il suffit de le lire et vous verrez que des actions de formation sont pensées et entreprises pour rendre le dispositif de dépistage, de soins et d’accompagnement efficace.En 2023, plus de 250 professionnels de santé ont ainsi été formés en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, et il est prévu d’aller plus loin. Rappelons aussi que les rectorats et le ministère de l’agriculture et de la souveraineté alimentaire veillent à la formation de leurs personnels et mènent des actions concrètes d’accompagnement et de dépistage afin de mieux repérer les cas et lutter contre ce fléau dans les deux départements.L’amendement est pleinement satisfait par l’engagement du Gouvernement et de l’État au travers du plan Chlordécone. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383756",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383756"
   ],
   "order": 445,
   "text": "Cet amendement s’inscrit dans la continuité des travaux que nous menons. Nous sommes en effet réunis pour reconnaître un crime que l’on peut qualifier de crime d’État et discuter de pratiques qui relèvent de l’héritage colonial. (Murmures sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)Oui, chers collègues : il est évident que ce qui a eu lieu provient de l’héritage colonial ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.) C’est d’ailleurs pour cette raison qu’il est important que nous traitions de ce sujet ensemble. Un crime a été commis main dans la main par des acteurs étatiques et de grands monopoles chimiques privés, lesquels ont œuvré contre les populations des Antilles.Cet amendement vise donc à interroger et à mesurer l’ampleur du crime, car des inconnues demeurent. En effet, nous savons qu’après l’interdiction de la molécule aux États-Unis, celle-ci a été importée de ce pays puis exportée ailleurs par Spiess und Sohn, une entreprise allemande qui n’existe plus. Or cette société, manifestement dirigée par des génies, a réussi à perdre la trace de 1 500 tonnes de cette substance. Nous ne savons pas où elles ont servi, étant donné que les listes des ventes et des achats ne coïncident pas.Cette information manquante a été identifiée par des associations, qui se demandent dans quels autres territoires le chlordécone a pu être utilisé, ainsi que par un rapport transpartisan de l’Opecst, dans lequel des parlementaires de tous bords ont affirmé la nécessité de lever cette inconnue.Notons également que le présent amendement s’inscrit dans la continuité de l’amendement no 5, que nous avons adopté il y a quelques minutes et qui vise à ce qu’une campagne nationale de prévention soit organisée. En effet, dès lors qu’une telle campagne est menée, elle s’accompagne d’une campagne d’information et d’investigations sur les lieux où l’épandage de cette molécule a pu avoir lieu. Par exemple, du chlordécone a-t-il été exporté vers La Réunion ou vers d’autres territoires des Antilles ? Ce pesticide a-t-il été utilisé sur des plants de pommes de terre – nous savons qu’il a servi à éliminer le taupin ?C’est à ces questions qu’il faut répondre. Le rapport que nous demandons par cet amendement sera d’autant plus important qu’il sera issu du travail que nous sommes en train de réaliser ensemble.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 445,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383756",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 383,
   "annotation_id": "Nafca50ec72d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IQ",
   "s": "AR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement s’inscrit dans la continuité des travaux que nous menons. Nous sommes en effet réunis pour reconnaître un crime que l’on peut qualifier de crime d’État et discuter de pratiques qui relèvent de l’héritage colonial. (Murmures sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)Oui, chers collègues : il est évident que ce qui a eu lieu provient de l’héritage colonial ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) C’est d’ailleurs pour cette raison qu’il est important que nous traitions de ce sujet ensemble. Un crime a été commis main dans la main par des acteurs étatiques et de grands monopoles chimiques privés, lesquels ont œuvré contre les populations des Antilles.Cet amendement vise donc à interroger et à mesurer l’ampleur du crime, car des inconnues demeurent. En effet, nous savons qu’après l’interdiction de la molécule aux États-Unis, celle-ci a été importée de ce pays puis exportée ailleurs par Spiess und Sohn, une entreprise allemande qui n’existe plus. Or cette société, manifestement dirigée par des génies, a réussi à perdre la trace de 1 500 tonnes de cette substance. Nous ne savons pas où elles ont servi, étant donné que les listes des ventes et des achats ne coïncident pas.Cette information manquante a été identifiée par des associations, qui se demandent dans quels autres territoires le chlordécone a pu être utilisé, ainsi que par un rapport transpartisan de l’Opecst, dans lequel des parlementaires de tous bords ont affirmé la nécessité de lever cette inconnue.Notons également que le présent amendement s’inscrit dans la continuité de l’amendement no 5, que nous avons adopté il y a quelques minutes et qui vise à ce qu’une campagne nationale de prévention soit organisée. En effet, dès lors qu’une telle campagne est menée, elle s’accompagne d’une campagne d’information et d’investigations sur les lieux où l’épandage de cette molécule a pu avoir lieu. Par exemple, du chlordécone a-t-il été exporté vers La Réunion ou vers d’autres territoires des Antilles ? Ce pesticide a-t-il été utilisé sur des plants de pommes de terre – nous savons qu’il a servi à éliminer le taupin ?C’est à ces questions qu’il faut répondre. Le rapport que nous demandons par cet amendement sera d’autant plus important qu’il sera issu du travail que nous sommes en train de réaliser ensemble."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383763",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383763"
   ],
   "order": 452,
   "text": "Il faut essayer de savoir si ce crime a été commis à une échelle plus grande. Je répète que nous pouvons obtenir une réponse si nous œuvrons ensemble. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 452,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383763",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N22d9c407625d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut essayer de savoir si ce crime a été commis à une échelle plus grande. Je répète que nous pouvons obtenir une réponse si nous œuvrons ensemble. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383766",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383766"
   ],
   "order": 455,
   "text": "Plutôt qu’un rapport du Gouvernement, c’est une commission d’enquête qui pourrait nous éclairer. Je demande le retrait de l’amendement, à défaut de quoi j’émettrai un avis défavorable. (M. Marcellin Nadeau s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 455,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383766",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Nbaf06793b179",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Plutôt qu’un rapport du Gouvernement, c’est une commission d’enquête qui pourrait nous éclairer. Je demande le retrait de l’amendement, à défaut de quoi j’émettrai un avis défavorable. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383768",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383768"
   ],
   "order": 457,
   "text": "Le rapport de la mission d’information de 2005 sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et des autres pesticides dans l’agriculture martiniquaise et guadeloupéenne, dont le président était le député de Martinique Philippe Edmond-Mariette, indique très clairement que l’usage du produit n’a été homologué que pour les bananeraies et qu’on n’y a jamais eu recours dans l’Hexagone, où il n’aurait eu aucune utilité.J’ajoute que l’Agence française de sécurité sanitaire de l’environnement et du travail (Afsset), l’ancêtre de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), a produit ce qui est certainement le document le plus complet sur l’historique des autorisations. Ce dernier indique que le chlordécone, le mirex et le kelevan n’ont été autorisés que pour des usages tropicaux.Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 457,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383768",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "Nb7a89ae58908",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le rapport de la mission d’information de 2005 sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et des autres pesticides dans l’agriculture martiniquaise et guadeloupéenne, dont le président était le député de Martinique [PERSONNE], indique très clairement que l’usage du produit n’a été homologué que pour les bananeraies et qu’on n’y a jamais eu recours dans l’Hexagone, où il n’aurait eu aucune utilité.J’ajoute que l’Agence française de sécurité sanitaire de l’environnement et du travail (Afsset), l’ancêtre de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), a produit ce qui est certainement le document le plus complet sur l’historique des autorisations. Ce dernier indique que le chlordécone, le mirex et le kelevan n’ont été autorisés que pour des usages tropicaux.Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795828",
   "speaker": "Johnny Hajjar",
   "quality": "M. Johnny Hajjar",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383772",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383772"
   ],
   "order": 461,
   "text": "Je souhaite répondre à certaines contrevérités qui me semblent très graves. Nous parlons ici de plus de cinquante ans de responsabilité de l’État. Nous parlons d’injustice. Et la réalité que vivent les Martiniquaises et les Martiniquais n’est pas celle que j’entends cet après-midi.Les études sont très en retard. Je suis désolé, mais contrairement à ce que vous présentez comme un constat scientifique, les eaux, les eaux marines et les terres sont contaminées. Il n’est actuellement procédé à aucune décontamination : l’empoisonnement continue. J’insiste, le niveau de la recherche a cinquante ans de retard !Cela signifie que nous ne sommes pas à la hauteur et que les plans Chlordécone I, II, III et IV sont très largement insuffisants, non coordonnés et non structurés. Comme l’a dit la commission d’enquête parlementaire sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et du paraquat, ils ne sont pas efficients ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)Il faut en prendre conscience et faire preuve d’humilité. On n’efface pas le chlordécone en mangeant convenablement. Matin, midi et soir, les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens boivent et mangent du chlordécone ; en témoignent la multiplication des maladies, des cancers, des pathologies neurodégénératives ou encore des troubles du développement cognitif. Or il n’y a pas de parcours de soins ni d’accompagnement social pour les peuples, les enfants, les aînés. La contamination continue !Faites preuve d’humilité, s’il vous plaît. Votons ce texte et arrêtons de donner le sentiment que les quelques millions d’euros alloués çà et là suffisent. Il faut rompre avec des plans segmentés, non structurés et non coordonnés, élaborer une véritable stratégie de réparation et rattraper le temps en matière de recherche. C’est une priorité si nous voulons parvenir à décontaminer et à sauver la vie des personnes atteintes d’un cancer. (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 461,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383772",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 300,
   "annotation_id": "N4f65f7e2d942",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite répondre à certaines contrevérités qui me semblent très graves. Nous parlons ici de plus de cinquante ans de responsabilité de l’État. Nous parlons d’injustice. Et la réalité que vivent les Martiniquaises et les Martiniquais n’est pas celle que j’entends cet après-midi.Les études sont très en retard. Je suis désolé, mais contrairement à ce que vous présentez comme un constat scientifique, les eaux, les eaux marines et les terres sont contaminées. Il n’est actuellement procédé à aucune décontamination : l’empoisonnement continue. J’insiste, le niveau de la recherche a cinquante ans de retard !Cela signifie que nous ne sommes pas à la hauteur et que les plans Chlordécone I, II, III et IV sont très largement insuffisants, non coordonnés et non structurés. Comme l’a dit la commission d’enquête parlementaire sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et du paraquat, ils ne sont pas efficients ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Il faut en prendre conscience et faire preuve d’humilité. On n’efface pas le chlordécone en mangeant convenablement. Matin, midi et soir, les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens boivent et mangent du chlordécone ; en témoignent la multiplication des maladies, des cancers, des pathologies neurodégénératives ou encore des troubles du développement cognitif. Or il n’y a pas de parcours de soins ni d’accompagnement social pour les peuples, les enfants, les aînés. La contamination continue !Faites preuve d’humilité, s’il vous plaît. Votons ce texte et arrêtons de donner le sentiment que les quelques millions d’euros alloués çà et là suffisent. Il faut rompre avec des plans segmentés, non structurés et non coordonnés, élaborer une véritable stratégie de réparation et rattraper le temps en matière de recherche. C’est une priorité si nous voulons parvenir à décontaminer et à sauver la vie des personnes atteintes d’un cancer. (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795828",
   "speaker": "Johnny Hajjar",
   "quality": "M. Johnny Hajjar",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383777"
   ],
   "order": 467,
   "text": "Je le dis en toute humilité : s’il vous plaît, avançons et votons cette proposition de loi afin de faire progresser les choses. Il faut que l’indemnisation et les réparations – je dis bien les réparations – sanitaires, économiques, sociales et écologiques soient réelles et concrètes pour nos peuples. (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 467,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383777",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N86863866cc33",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je le dis en toute humilité : s’il vous plaît, avançons et votons cette proposition de loi afin de faire progresser les choses. Il faut que l’indemnisation et les réparations – je dis bien les réparations – sanitaires, économiques, sociales et écologiques soient réelles et concrètes pour nos peuples. (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383781",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383781"
   ],
   "order": 471,
   "text": "Je ne me suis pas exprimé jusque-là, mais je souhaite faire part de mon malaise général vis-à-vis de l’examen de ce texte. Il me semble que, collectivement, nous ne sommes pas à la hauteur des enjeux, M. le rapporteur excepté. J’apprécie en effet sa très grande modération (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et RE)…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 471,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383781",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N3fd4b47cc16a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne me suis pas exprimé jusque-là, mais je souhaite faire part de mon malaise général vis-à-vis de l’examen de ce texte. Il me semble que, collectivement, nous ne sommes pas à la hauteur des enjeux, M. le rapporteur excepté. J’apprécie en effet sa très grande modération (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et RE)…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383783",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383783"
   ],
   "order": 473,
   "text": "…et sa volonté de faire progresser la prise en compte de ce drame que vivent les Antillais et que j’ai personnellement découvert grâce à ma collègue Maud Petit. Je n’en avais pas connaissance avant mon élection. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 473,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383783",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 46,
   "annotation_id": "N73c4f0e7a730",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…et sa volonté de faire progresser la prise en compte de ce drame que vivent les Antillais et que j’ai personnellement découvert grâce à ma collègue [PERSONNE]. Je n’en avais pas connaissance avant mon élection. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383785",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383785"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "Notre collègue Clouet a parlé de crime d’État colonial, mais pourquoi faire de ce sujet un objet politique, alors qu’il revêt des enjeux sanitaires et sociaux majeurs et que nous devons reconstruire notre relation avec nos concitoyens antillais ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 476,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383785",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "N180579d92206",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Notre collègue Clouet a parlé de crime d’État colonial, mais pourquoi faire de ce sujet un objet politique, alors qu’il revêt des enjeux sanitaires et sociaux majeurs et que nous devons reconstruire notre relation avec nos concitoyens antillais ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383787"
   ],
   "order": 479,
   "text": "Concentrons-nous sur cet objectif. Il est évident que l’État a une part de responsabilité. Il faut que nous avancions, mais ensemble. Pour l’heure, nous faisons de cette question une confrontation politique.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 479,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383787",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N5b0a9609627d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Concentrons-nous sur cet objectif. Il est évident que l’État a une part de responsabilité. Il faut que nous avancions, mais ensemble. Pour l’heure, nous faisons de cette question une confrontation politique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383789",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383789"
   ],
   "order": 481,
   "text": "Elle ne devrait pourtant pas nous diviser, mais nous rassembler. Je le répète, nous ne sommes collectivement pas à la hauteur de l’enjeu, et je m’inclus dans ce constat. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE. – M. Hadrien Clouet s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 481,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383789",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nd9b0c4722681",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Elle ne devrait pourtant pas nous diviser, mais nous rassembler. Je le répète, nous ne sommes collectivement pas à la hauteur de l’enjeu, et je m’inclus dans ce constat. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE. – M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796018",
   "speaker": "Danielle Simonnet",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Simonnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383793",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383793"
   ],
   "order": 485,
   "text": "Il vise à ce que, le 1er janvier 2025 au plus tard, le Gouvernement remette au Parlement un rapport évaluant le coût d’une grande campagne nationale de prévention et de détection de l’exposition au chlordécone, ainsi que le coût d’une gratuité totale de la chlordéconémie sur l’ensemble du territoire français.Vous avez refusé la gratuité des tests sur l’ensemble du territoire de la République. Nous souhaitons que son coût soit évalué. Vous estimez que, quand nos concitoyens guadeloupéens ou martiniquais arrivent dans l’Hexagone, ils n’ont, très vite, plus de problèmes avec le chlordécone : il sera possible de le vérifier.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 485,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383793",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 99,
   "annotation_id": "N59bced264d2f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à ce que, le 1er janvier 2025 au plus tard, le Gouvernement remette au Parlement un rapport évaluant le coût d’une grande campagne nationale de prévention et de détection de l’exposition au chlordécone, ainsi que le coût d’une gratuité totale de la chlordéconémie sur l’ensemble du territoire français.Vous avez refusé la gratuité des tests sur l’ensemble du territoire de la République. Nous souhaitons que son coût soit évalué. Vous estimez que, quand nos concitoyens guadeloupéens ou martiniquais arrivent dans l’Hexagone, ils n’ont, très vite, plus de problèmes avec le chlordécone : il sera possible de le vérifier."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383905",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383905"
   ],
   "order": 488,
   "text": "Je partage votre constat car je viens de ce territoire, mais nous venons d’adopter l’amendement no 3 de M. Nilor. Le vôtre est donc superfétatoire. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, mon avis sera défavorable.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 488,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383905",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Ne1becaec1232",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage votre constat car je viens de ce territoire, mais nous venons d’adopter l’amendement no 3 de M. Nilor. Le vôtre est donc superfétatoire. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, mon avis sera défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383907",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383907"
   ],
   "order": 490,
   "text": "Je salue à mon tour les efforts du rapporteur pour mener à bon port sa proposition de loi en restant dans l’épure initiale. Je déplore les tentatives d’éparpillement et la multitude d’amendements qui, sur le fond, n’apportent rien au débat. Au lieu de diluer les efforts, concentrons-les sur les populations principalement concernées, c’est-à-dire celles des Antilles. Mon avis sera défavorable, pour des raisons de fond similaires à celles déjà évoquées sur un autre amendement de Mme Simonnet, repoussé.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 490,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383907",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "Nef131b5aafe2",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue à mon tour les efforts du rapporteur pour mener à bon port sa proposition de loi en restant dans l’épure initiale. Je déplore les tentatives d’éparpillement et la multitude d’amendements qui, sur le fond, n’apportent rien au débat. Au lieu de diluer les efforts, concentrons-les sur les populations principalement concernées, c’est-à-dire celles des Antilles. Mon avis sera défavorable, pour des raisons de fond similaires à celles déjà évoquées sur un autre amendement de Mme Simonnet, repoussé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383909",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383909"
   ],
   "order": 492,
   "text": "Mon explication vaut pour tous nos amendements demandant la remise de rapports. Nous souhaitons simplement disposer d’informations. C’est aussi cela, faire des choses ensemble ! Il ne s’agit pas de pointer un doigt accusateur sur qui que ce soit, ni de diviser l’Assemblée – en tout cas, cela ne devrait pas être le cas !Ce débat se tient après des combats immenses. Vous nous répondez « commission d’enquête », mais le rapporteur et tous les acteurs qui luttent sur le sujet ont déjà eu bien du mal à arriver jusqu’ici !Mme la ministre déléguée a cité des rapports. Mais celui de l’Opecst du 16 février 2023, comme le précédent de 2009 ou celui de la mission d’information de 2005 concluent tous en expliquant que nous ne savons pas si le territoire national abrite du chlordécone.On ne le sait pas. C’est écrit noir sur blanc, y compris par les députés de votre majorité et nos collègues sénateurs de tous bords politiques ! Vous ne pouvez pas affirmer que certains rapports disent autre chose ; c’est faux ! Ou, alors, vous n’avez pas lu les bons. Dans ce cas, nous pouvons vous les envoyer.Vous expliquez que le chlordécone n’était utile que pour certains types de parasites dans des zones dites tropicales. C’est également faux ! Initialement, le chlordécone était utilisé contre le taupin de la pomme de terre. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et SOC.) Il n’est donc pas vrai que ce produit toxique, dangereux, n’a été utilisé et n’était pensé que pour la banane. Nous ne pouvons pas laisser passer ce type de propos, qui réduisent d’autant notre confiance dans le ministère !",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 492,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383909",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 274,
   "annotation_id": "N1b840fe0c4c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon explication vaut pour tous nos amendements demandant la remise de rapports. Nous souhaitons simplement disposer d’informations. C’est aussi cela, faire des choses ensemble ! Il ne s’agit pas de pointer un doigt accusateur sur qui que ce soit, ni de diviser l’Assemblée – en tout cas, cela ne devrait pas être le cas !Ce débat se tient après des combats immenses. Vous nous répondez « commission d’enquête », mais le rapporteur et tous les acteurs qui luttent sur le sujet ont déjà eu bien du mal à arriver jusqu’ici !Mme la ministre déléguée a cité des rapports. Mais celui de l’Opecst du 16 février 2023, comme le précédent de 2009 ou celui de la mission d’information de 2005 concluent tous en expliquant que nous ne savons pas si le territoire national abrite du chlordécone.On ne le sait pas. C’est écrit noir sur blanc, y compris par les députés de votre majorité et nos collègues sénateurs de tous bords politiques ! Vous ne pouvez pas affirmer que certains rapports disent autre chose ; c’est faux ! Ou, alors, vous n’avez pas lu les bons. Dans ce cas, nous pouvons vous les envoyer.Vous expliquez que le chlordécone n’était utile que pour certains types de parasites dans des zones dites tropicales. C’est également faux ! Initialement, le chlordécone était utilisé contre le taupin de la pomme de terre. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Il n’est donc pas vrai que ce produit toxique, dangereux, n’a été utilisé et n’était pensé que pour la banane. Nous ne pouvons pas laisser passer ce type de propos, qui réduisent d’autant notre confiance dans le ministère !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383914",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383914"
   ],
   "order": 498,
   "text": "Il ne s’agit pas de faire diversion. Ces demandes de rapports visent simplement à étudier l’ampleur de l’impact du chlordécone. Nous ne dévoyons pas l’objet initial de la proposition de loi. Nous souhaitons juste disposer d’un maximum d’informations sur le chlordécone, ses impacts, ses interactions et les territoires sur lesquels il a été répandu.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 498,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383914",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "Nfefe3415d937",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne s’agit pas de faire diversion. Ces demandes de rapports visent simplement à étudier l’ampleur de l’impact du chlordécone. Nous ne dévoyons pas l’objet initial de la proposition de loi. Nous souhaitons juste disposer d’un maximum d’informations sur le chlordécone, ses impacts, ses interactions et les territoires sur lesquels il a été répandu."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383920",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383920"
   ],
   "order": 504,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à demander au Gouvernement un rapport sur les répercussions du chlordécone sur le corps des femmes. La demande a été formulée plusieurs fois, notamment lors des auditions. Longtemps, les recherches se sont concentrées sur les hommes, les problèmes de fertilité ou le cancer de la prostate, si bien qu’on connaît mal l’impact du chlordécone sur la santé des femmes. Qu’en est-il du cancer du sein ou de celui de l’utérus ? Cette invisibilisation doit être corrigée. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 504,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383920",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 86,
   "annotation_id": "N923c3d36297e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à demander au Gouvernement un rapport sur les répercussions du chlordécone sur le corps des femmes. La demande a été formulée plusieurs fois, notamment lors des auditions. Longtemps, les recherches se sont concentrées sur les hommes, les problèmes de fertilité ou le cancer de la prostate, si bien qu’on connaît mal l’impact du chlordécone sur la santé des femmes. Qu’en est-il du cancer du sein ou de celui de l’utérus ? Cette invisibilisation doit être corrigée. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383922",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383922"
   ],
   "order": 506,
   "text": "Je ne vous dirai pas que ce rapport serait inutile, par respect pour votre travail et parce que j’ai huit sœurs. Mais ce n’est pas là l’objet de la proposition de loi. Pour autant, cette dernière érige la recherche sur les effets du chlordécone comme priorité nationale – ce qui permettra de répondre à vos questions. Je serai défavorable à toutes les demandes de rapports.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 506,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383922",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N7658e1d7f4f5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne vous dirai pas que ce rapport serait inutile, par respect pour votre travail et parce que j’ai huit sœurs. Mais ce n’est pas là l’objet de la proposition de loi. Pour autant, cette dernière érige la recherche sur les effets du chlordécone comme priorité nationale – ce qui permettra de répondre à vos questions. Je serai défavorable à toutes les demandes de rapports."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383924",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383924"
   ],
   "order": 508,
   "text": "Cet amendement est déjà satisfait. J’ai déjà eu l’occasion d’évoquer les programmes de recherche qui accompagnent le plan Chlordécone. Le Comité de pilotage scientifique national publie régulièrement une synthèse des travaux scientifiques sur le chlordécone, et donc sur ses conséquences sur la santé des femmes. Je ne rappellerai pas toutes les études menées mais je peux citer la cohorte Timoun ou le projet Karu Fertil.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3383742",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 508,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383924",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N28735fe5b48a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est déjà satisfait. J’ai déjà eu l’occasion d’évoquer les programmes de recherche qui accompagnent le plan Chlordécone. Le Comité de pilotage scientifique national publie régulièrement une synthèse des travaux scientifiques sur le chlordécone, et donc sur ses conséquences sur la santé des femmes. Je ne rappellerai pas toutes les études menées mais je peux citer la cohorte Timoun ou le projet Karu Fertil."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795820",
   "speaker": "Marcellin Nadeau",
   "quality": "M. Marcellin Nadeau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383930",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383930"
   ],
   "order": 514,
   "text": "Je tiens à revenir très rapidement sur quelques propos entendus sur différents bancs, à droite, à gauche comme au centre. En tant que fils de la Martinique, je suis particulièrement heurté par certaines considérations. Nous parlons d’un drame et non de théâtre ! Les gens souffrent dans leur chair. Par provocation, je suis tenté d’affirmer que c’est la droite qui est responsable de ce drame car c’est une logique libérale – de droite – qui l’a rendu possible !",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 514,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383930",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N02e6fdfe1c1a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à revenir très rapidement sur quelques propos entendus sur différents bancs, [GROUPE], à gauche comme au centre. En tant que fils de la Martinique, je suis particulièrement heurté par certaines considérations. Nous parlons d’un drame et non de théâtre ! Les gens souffrent dans leur chair. Par provocation, je suis tenté d’affirmer que c’est la droite qui est responsable de ce drame car c’est une logique libérale – de droite – qui l’a rendu possible !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795820",
   "speaker": "Marcellin Nadeau",
   "quality": "M. Marcellin Nadeau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383932",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383932"
   ],
   "order": 516,
   "text": "Nous savons que cette réalité est aussi un symptôme de ce qu’un jeune Martiniquais appelle l’« habiter colonial ». Cette affaire a un caractère caricatural ! De grâce, ne jouons pas, soyons à la hauteur car des femmes et des hommes souffrent ; leur vie est brisée ; des générations entières sont concernées par ce drame, notamment sur le plan économique et social. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 516,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383932",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 72,
   "annotation_id": "Nbd2a2b099191",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous savons que cette réalité est aussi un symptôme de ce qu’un jeune Martiniquais appelle l’« habiter colonial ». Cette affaire a un caractère caricatural ! De grâce, ne jouons pas, soyons à la hauteur car des femmes et des hommes souffrent ; leur vie est brisée ; des générations entières sont concernées par ce drame, notamment sur le plan économique et social. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383934",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383934"
   ],
   "order": 518,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à financer l’indemnisation et la réparation des dommages aux personnes victimes du chlordécone et à leurs proches, ou celle des effets cumulés de plusieurs produits associés au chlordécone, en compensant la charge pour l’État selon le principe pollueur-payeur, les producteurs des substances répandues étant taxés.Cette coresponsabilité a déjà été évoquée. Bien sûr, c’est l’État qui a autorisé ces substances. Il est donc responsable en dernier ressort. Mais des entreprises en ont produit et ont délibérément privilégié le profit qu’elles pouvaient en tirer, au détriment des alertes sur la santé. (Mme Danielle Brulebois s’exclame.)La surutilisation de ces produits sur les territoires concernés est avérée. Il est donc indispensable d’appliquer le principe pollueur-payeur. Il devrait d’ailleurs toujours s’appliquer quand la transition écologique ou la santé sont en jeu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Discussion des articles / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 518,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383934",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 143,
   "annotation_id": "N555238bd88e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à financer l’indemnisation et la réparation des dommages aux personnes victimes du chlordécone et à leurs proches, ou celle des effets cumulés de plusieurs produits associés au chlordécone, en compensant la charge pour l’État selon le principe pollueur-payeur, les producteurs des substances répandues étant taxés.Cette coresponsabilité a déjà été évoquée. Bien sûr, c’est l’État qui a autorisé ces substances. Il est donc responsable en dernier ressort. Mais des entreprises en ont produit et ont délibérément privilégié le profit qu’elles pouvaient en tirer, au détriment des alertes sur la santé. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)La surutilisation de ces produits sur les territoires concernés est avérée. Il est donc indispensable d’appliquer le principe pollueur-payeur. Il devrait d’ailleurs toujours s’appliquer quand la transition écologique ou la santé sont en jeu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383943",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383943"
   ],
   "order": 527,
   "text": "Je remercie le rapporteur, M. Elie Califer, d’avoir défendu ce sujet dans l’hémicycle avec beaucoup de constance et de sagesse. Malgré tout, j’exprime quelques regrets. Bien sûr, l’intention n’était pas de faire porter intégralement la responsabilité à l’État, et d’exonérer les autres acteurs. Il s’agissait de ne pas écraser les actions engagées en justice qui visent, elles aussi, à faire payer ceux qui ont participé à l’époque et sont responsables.Je salue également, monsieur le rapporteur, votre volonté de focaliser ce texte sur son objet initial. Mais nous nous en sommes beaucoup écartés, notamment au dernier moment et je doute que les sénateurs le votent en l’état. Ceux d’entre vous qui ont participé à des commissions mixtes paritaires (CMP) savent combien le Sénat goûte peu les demandes de rapport excessives. Nous allons donc perdre beaucoup de temps alors que notre but, louable, était de permettre une reconnaissance rapide.J’ajoute que nous nous sommes éloignés du sujet en élargissant ces dispositions à tous les risques sanitaires et que cette nouvelle disposition constitue sans doute un cavalier.Enfin, vous avez estimé que les décideurs politiques devaient payer, citant Mme Cresson et M. Mermaz. Je rappelle qu’ils ont respectivement 90 ans et 92 ans.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 527,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383943",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 198,
   "annotation_id": "N930f282274bd",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie le rapporteur, M. [PERSONNE], d’avoir défendu ce sujet dans l’hémicycle avec beaucoup de constance et de sagesse. Malgré tout, j’exprime quelques regrets. Bien sûr, l’intention n’était pas de faire porter intégralement la responsabilité à l’État, et d’exonérer les autres acteurs. Il s’agissait de ne pas écraser les actions engagées en justice qui visent, elles aussi, à faire payer ceux qui ont participé à l’époque et sont responsables.Je salue également, monsieur le rapporteur, votre volonté de focaliser ce texte sur son objet initial. Mais nous nous en sommes beaucoup écartés, notamment au dernier moment et je doute que les sénateurs le votent en l’état. Ceux d’entre vous qui ont participé à des commissions mixtes paritaires (CMP) savent combien le Sénat goûte peu les demandes de rapport excessives. Nous allons donc perdre beaucoup de temps alors que notre but, louable, était de permettre une reconnaissance rapide.J’ajoute que nous nous sommes éloignés du sujet en élargissant ces dispositions à tous les risques sanitaires et que cette nouvelle disposition constitue sans doute un cavalier.Enfin, vous avez estimé que les décideurs politiques devaient payer, citant Mme Cresson et M. Mermaz. Je rappelle qu’ils ont respectivement 90 ans et 92 ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720992",
   "speaker": "Jiovanny William",
   "quality": "M. Jiovanny William (GDR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383948",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383948"
   ],
   "order": 532,
   "text": "L’État s’est satisfait de lancer quatre plans Chlordécone successifs. Avant l’examen de cette proposition de loi, les gouvernements estimaient qu’ils étaient suffisants, remarquables ; à nos yeux, ils sont profondément insignifiants. Un premier plan, un deuxième plan, un troisième plan – où on a eu l’audace de proposer aux agriculteurs et aux pêcheurs de se reconvertir, comme si cela pouvait constituer une solution face à ce scandale ! –, un quatrième plan… En réalité, on nous proposait d’attendre patiemment que les générations et les terres se renouvellent. Depuis quinze ans, aucun gouvernement, aucun ministre des outre-mer ou de la santé n’a estimé utile de soumettre un projet de loi complet et volontaire à la représentation nationale, afin d’indemniser, de soigner et de sauver nos compatriotes.Plus de quatorze ans de planification ! On fait des plans, on multiplie les plans, on débat des plans et, finalement, on range les plans.En tant qu’élu, Martiniquais, citoyen et tout simplement être humain, je n’accepte pas que la seule réponse de l’État face à ce crime d’empoisonnement – auquel il a pris part – enferme dans la souffrance mes sœurs, atteintes de cancer dès leur trentaine, d’endométriose, de fibromyalgie et d’infertilité et mes frères, plus sensibles que les autres hommes au cancer de la prostate.J’exprime mon mécontentement et celui de beaucoup d’entre nous car vos choix ne sont pas à la hauteur du scandale ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)La proposition de notre collègue Élie Califer s’inscrit dans cette volonté transpartisane de respecter, d’indemniser et de protéger, au-delà des agriculteurs, toutes les victimes de cette molécule : merci, cher collègue ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)Dans la gestion judiciaire et politique de ce scandale sanitaire, quelle a été la part de l’être humain ? J’en appelle à la responsabilité de tous, dans cet hémicycle ! Nous allons nous prononcer sur l’indemnisation des victimes vivantes, qui souffrent à cause de cette molécule de mort qui coule dans nos veines, dans l’eau, dans le lait maternel, qui est présente sous la terre comme sous la mer !Je pense aussi aux agriculteurs et aux marins pêcheurs qui ne peuvent plus exercer librement leur métier à cause de la dérogation – scandaleuse –accordée par l’État avec la complicité de lobbys.Le groupe GDR a pour ambition de toujours placer l’humain au centre de ses préoccupations : portés par un souci de cohérence et le sens du devoir, nous voterons cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 532,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383948",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 424,
   "annotation_id": "N9ea89add47c3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJLQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’État s’est satisfait de lancer quatre plans Chlordécone successifs. Avant l’examen de cette proposition de loi, les gouvernements estimaient qu’ils étaient suffisants, remarquables ; à nos yeux, ils sont profondément insignifiants. Un premier plan, un deuxième plan, un troisième plan – où on a eu l’audace de proposer aux agriculteurs et aux pêcheurs de se reconvertir, comme si cela pouvait constituer une solution face à ce scandale ! –, un quatrième plan… En réalité, on nous proposait d’attendre patiemment que les générations et les terres se renouvellent. Depuis quinze ans, aucun gouvernement, aucun ministre des outre-mer ou de la santé n’a estimé utile de soumettre un projet de loi complet et volontaire à la représentation nationale, afin d’indemniser, de soigner et de sauver nos compatriotes.Plus de quatorze ans de planification ! On fait des plans, on multiplie les plans, on débat des plans et, finalement, on range les plans.En tant qu’élu, Martiniquais, citoyen et tout simplement être humain, je n’accepte pas que la seule réponse de l’État face à ce crime d’empoisonnement – auquel il a pris part – enferme dans la souffrance mes sœurs, atteintes de cancer dès leur trentaine, d’endométriose, de fibromyalgie et d’infertilité et mes frères, plus sensibles que les autres hommes au cancer de la prostate.J’exprime mon mécontentement et celui de beaucoup d’entre nous car vos choix ne sont pas à la hauteur du scandale ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)La proposition de notre collègue Élie Califer s’inscrit dans cette volonté transpartisane de respecter, d’indemniser et de protéger, au-delà des agriculteurs, toutes les victimes de cette molécule : merci, cher collègue ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Dans la gestion judiciaire et politique de ce scandale sanitaire, quelle a été la part de l’être humain ? J’en appelle à la responsabilité de tous, dans cet hémicycle ! Nous allons nous prononcer sur l’indemnisation des victimes vivantes, qui souffrent à cause de cette molécule de mort qui coule dans nos veines, dans l’eau, dans le lait maternel, qui est présente sous la terre comme sous la mer !Je pense aussi aux agriculteurs et aux marins pêcheurs qui ne peuvent plus exercer librement leur métier à cause de la dérogation – scandaleuse –accordée par l’État avec la complicité de lobbys.Le groupe [GROUPE] a pour ambition de toujours placer l’humain au centre de ses préoccupations : portés par un souci de cohérence et le sens du devoir, nous voterons cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (RE)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383965",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383965"
   ],
   "order": 541,
   "text": "Monsieur Califer, nous entendons parfaitement vos revendications et, à travers elles, celles de tous nos concitoyens de Guadeloupe et de Martinique.Le Président de la République aussi les a entendues. Dès 2018, et de manière inédite, il a reconnu sans ambages la responsabilité de l’État dans la manière dont le chlordécone a été utilisé dans les territoires d’outre-mer.Il a néanmoins tenu à préciser que l’État ne pouvait être considéré comme seul responsable des conséquences de l’usage du chlordécone, ce que pourrait laisser penser cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 541,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383965",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 86,
   "annotation_id": "N85aa235e832c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Califer, nous entendons parfaitement vos revendications et, à travers elles, celles de tous nos concitoyens de Guadeloupe et de Martinique.Le Président de la République aussi les a entendues. Dès 2018, et de manière inédite, il a reconnu sans ambages la responsabilité de l’État dans la manière dont le chlordécone a été utilisé dans les territoires d’outre-mer.Il a néanmoins tenu à préciser que l’État ne pouvait être considéré comme seul responsable des conséquences de l’usage du chlordécone, ce que pourrait laisser penser cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383969",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383969"
   ],
   "order": 545,
   "text": "Outre les pouvoirs publics, des élus locaux et des acteurs économiques ont également choisi d’approuver cette molécule. Omettre de mentionner l’ensemble des parties prenantes revient à occulter leur part de responsabilité, en faisant supporter à l’État plus que la sienne. Nous ne sommes pas les seuls à faire ce reproche à votre proposition de loi : des acteurs de la société civile engagés sur le sujet ont publiquement déploré la portée du texte.Contrairement à ce qui a été affirmé, en amendant le texte, nous ne cherchions pas à minimiser la responsabilité de l’État, mais à donner à votre proposition l’envergure qu’elle mérite – il nous semblait malvenu d’ignorer la chaîne de responsabilité.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 545,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383969",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N8172e63049c5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Outre les pouvoirs publics, des élus locaux et des acteurs économiques ont également choisi d’approuver cette molécule. Omettre de mentionner l’ensemble des parties prenantes revient à occulter leur part de responsabilité, en faisant supporter à l’État plus que la sienne. Nous ne sommes pas les seuls à faire ce reproche à votre proposition de loi : des acteurs de la société civile engagés sur le sujet ont publiquement déploré la portée du texte.Contrairement à ce qui a été affirmé, en amendant le texte, nous ne cherchions pas à minimiser la responsabilité de l’État, mais à donner à votre proposition l’envergure qu’elle mérite – il nous semblait malvenu d’ignorer la chaîne de responsabilité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383972",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383972"
   ],
   "order": 548,
   "text": "Nous regrettons votre réticence à réécrire le dispositif afin de tenir compte de cette réalité. La proposition de loi fera son chemin ; aujourd’hui, nous nous abstiendrons. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 548,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383972",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "Nd400b6674c02",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous regrettons votre réticence à réécrire le dispositif afin de tenir compte de cette réalité. La proposition de loi fera son chemin ; aujourd’hui, nous nous abstiendrons. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit (Dem)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383974",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383974"
   ],
   "order": 551,
   "text": "Je suis arrivée en séance avec l’espoir de faire voter le groupe MODEM en faveur de la proposition de loi, contre l’avis du Gouvernement s’il le fallait – vous m’en savez capable.Le sujet du chlordécone relève à la fois du sensible et du politique. Hautement symbolique, ce texte résulte d’une demande de transparence et de reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État, qui a le devoir, aujourd’hui et demain, d’assurer la protection sanitaire des habitants. Deux populations, qui souffrent depuis trop longtemps, demandent que l’on fasse un pas vers la guérison.Le groupe MODEM considère que l’objectif de cette proposition de loi – symbole d’un drame passé, présent et peut-être à venir – est légitime : il s’agit de mettre en lumière les responsabilités multiples et d’éviter de futurs scandales sanitaires et écologiques. Merci, Élie, pour cela. (MM. Philippe Brun et Gérard Leseul applaudissent.)J’avais cependant conditionné un vote favorable à l’évolution rédactionnelle du texte. Or elle ne nous convient pas – non parce que des amendements de la majorité ont été rejetés, mais parce que des amendements, à nos yeux incohérents, ont été adoptés, parfois même contre l’avis du rapporteur. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 551,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383974",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 205,
   "annotation_id": "N6f8b51a78465",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis arrivée en séance avec l’espoir de faire voter le groupe [GROUPE] en faveur de la proposition de loi, contre l’avis du Gouvernement s’il le fallait – vous m’en savez capable.Le sujet du chlordécone relève à la fois du sensible et du politique. Hautement symbolique, ce texte résulte d’une demande de transparence et de reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État, qui a le devoir, aujourd’hui et demain, d’assurer la protection sanitaire des habitants. Deux populations, qui souffrent depuis trop longtemps, demandent que l’on fasse un pas vers la guérison.Le groupe [GROUPE] considère que l’objectif de cette proposition de loi – symbole d’un drame passé, présent et peut-être à venir – est légitime : il s’agit de mettre en lumière les responsabilités multiples et d’éviter de futurs scandales sanitaires et écologiques. Merci, Élie, pour cela. (MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)J’avais cependant conditionné un vote favorable à l’évolution rédactionnelle du texte. Or elle ne nous convient pas – non parce que des amendements de la majorité ont été rejetés, mais parce que des amendements, à nos yeux incohérents, ont été adoptés, parfois même contre l’avis du rapporteur. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383980",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383980"
   ],
   "order": 556,
   "text": "Par égard pour nos compatriotes de Martinique et de Guadeloupe, que je salue et que j’aime – je n’ai pas honte de le dire ici –, (« Bravo ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et RE) nous ne nous opposerons pas à l’adoption du texte. Mais, en l’état actuel de sa rédaction, nous ne pourrons nous y associer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 556,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383980",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N4599d9c34ba5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Par égard pour nos compatriotes de Martinique et de Guadeloupe, que je salue et que j’aime – je n’ai pas honte de le dire ici –, (« Bravo ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et RE) nous ne nous opposerons pas à l’adoption du texte. Mais, en l’état actuel de sa rédaction, nous ne pourrons nous y associer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin (LR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383986",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383986"
   ],
   "order": 561,
   "text": "Je suis moi aussi arrivé dans cet hémicycle avec l’idée très claire de voter cette disposition : évidemment, nous avons besoin de reconnaître ce qui s’est passé – que la nation le reconnaisse – et de procéder à des réparations.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 561,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383986",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N325182dd95fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis moi aussi arrivé dans cet hémicycle avec l’idée très claire de voter cette disposition : évidemment, nous avons besoin de reconnaître ce qui s’est passé – que la nation le reconnaisse – et de procéder à des réparations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3384062",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3384062"
   ],
   "order": 565,
   "text": "La loi ne doit pas servir à cela, mais à réparer et à réconcilier. Je devrai donc malheureusement m’abstenir, ce texte n’étant pas satisfaisant. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 565,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3384062",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N9fe736976f27",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La loi ne doit pas servir à cela, mais à réparer et à réconcilier. Je devrai donc malheureusement m’abstenir, ce texte n’étant pas satisfaisant. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383995",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3383995"
   ],
   "order": 574,
   "text": "Je salue le travail que nous avons mené et la bonne volonté sur tous les bancs. Nous étions favorables à une réécriture, mais ce n’était pas le cas, un peu plus haut…Notre travail sera examiné avec attention dans nos territoires. Les attentes y sont telles que celui qui a présenté cette proposition ne peut être satisfait du résultat ! Mais il fallait bien trouver un chemin.Je remercie le groupe Socialistes, qui a fait de ce texte une priorité et qui m’a soutenu, (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES).Je remercie aussi Mme Parmentier-Lecocq, qui a fait de son mieux pour faire de ce vote une victoire, celle de la représentation nationale et de la République de l’égalité et de la fraternité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)Je remercie également Mme la ministre, qui a contribué à faire aboutir les discussions ce matin. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 574,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3383995",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "Na71f7febf90d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue le travail que nous avons mené et la bonne volonté sur tous les bancs. Nous étions favorables à une réécriture, mais ce n’était pas le cas, un peu plus haut…Notre travail sera examiné avec attention dans nos territoires. Les attentes y sont telles que celui qui a présenté cette proposition ne peut être satisfait du résultat ! Mais il fallait bien trouver un chemin.Je remercie le groupe Socialistes, qui a fait de ce texte une priorité et qui m’a soutenu, (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]).Je remercie aussi Mme Parmentier-Lecocq, qui a fait de son mieux pour faire de ce vote une victoire, celle de la représentation nationale et de la République de l’égalité et de la fraternité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)Je remercie également Mme la ministre, qui a contribué à faire aboutir les discussions ce matin. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132",
   "date": "2024-02-29",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28086",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 29 février 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132.xml",
   "source_sha256": "75fd64a268d37509cdb603f2c8192628413b4bbd320408e7551e6657b5e3bb1d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721880",
   "speaker": "Marie Guévenoux",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3384000",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3384000"
   ],
   "order": 580,
   "text": "Je remercie M. le rapporteur pour ses mots et la dignité avec laquelle il a accompagné ces débats.Des collègues se sont exprimés sur tous les bancs pour dire la réalité du drame du chlordécone dans les Antilles pour les familles, les individus et le territoire. Dès 2018, le Président de la République a reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce scandale environnemental.Depuis, le plan Chlordécone IV a été lancé : 130 millions d’euros sont consacrés à trois objectifs – informer, protéger et réparer. Ce plan découle d’amendements proposés par le Gouvernement lors des discussions budgétaires. Il est donc faux de dire que le Gouvernement a attendu ou n’a pas produit de travaux législatifs : il s’est appuyé sur des dispositions législatives que vous avez votées !En ce qui concerne cette proposition de loi, le Gouvernement déplore que de nombreux amendements, qui témoignent parfois d’une mauvaise connaissance des avancées scientifiques, aient été adoptés contre l’avis du rapporteur.Monsieur le rapporteur, le Gouvernement est toujours disposé à trouver un compromis qui permettra que soit reconnue la responsabilité de l’État sans que celle des autres soit occultée. J’ai bon espoir que nous y parvenions dans le cadre de la navette. C’est là l’intérêt des Antillais. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3383928",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 580,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N132-3384000",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 210,
   "annotation_id": "N730c8edf2492",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie M. le rapporteur pour ses mots et la dignité avec laquelle il a accompagné ces débats.Des collègues se sont exprimés sur tous les bancs pour dire la réalité du drame du chlordécone dans les Antilles pour les familles, les individus et le territoire. Dès 2018, le Président de la République a reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce scandale environnemental.Depuis, le plan Chlordécone IV a été lancé : 130 millions d’euros sont consacrés à trois objectifs – informer, protéger et réparer. Ce plan découle d’amendements proposés par le Gouvernement lors des discussions budgétaires. Il est donc faux de dire que le Gouvernement a attendu ou n’a pas produit de travaux législatifs : il s’est appuyé sur des dispositions législatives que vous avez votées !En ce qui concerne cette proposition de loi, le Gouvernement déplore que de nombreux amendements, qui témoignent parfois d’une mauvaise connaissance des avancées scientifiques, aient été adoptés contre l’avis du rapporteur.Monsieur le rapporteur, le Gouvernement est toujours disposé à trouver un compromis qui permettra que soit reconnue la responsabilité de l’État sans que celle des autres soit occultée. J’ai bon espoir que nous y parvenions dans le cadre de la navette. C’est là l’intérêt des Antillais. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "rapporteure",
   "role": "rapporteur",
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   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316451",
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   "order": 11,
   "text": "La présente proposition de loi est le fruit d’un travail initié il y a un an avec les associations de lutte contre le tabac et de protection de l’environnement. Cosignée par 166 députés, appartenant à huit groupes politiques différents, elle a été adoptée à l’unanimité en commission des affaires sociales. Le groupe Écologiste se félicite d’avoir été rapidement rejoint dans ce combat par des députés engagés, tels mon corapporteur Michel Lauzzana.Notre objectif est simple : interdire les puffs, c’est-à-dire les cigarettes électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, dont il convient d’emblée d’indiquer qu’elles ne contiennent pas de tabac, mais peuvent contenir de la nicotine, une substance vénéneuse au double effet psychotrope et addictif. Avant que nous en venions au vote, il me semble nécessaire d’être très claire sur les produits visés par la proposition de loi.En effet, l’initiative que nous défendons aujourd’hui ne s’attaque pas aux produits de vapotage rechargeables, qui servent souvent à sortir de la consommation du tabac, ni aux nouvelles formes de délivrance nicotinique. Je le précise pour que chacun dans cet hémicycle et parmi ceux qui nous écoutent comprenne que, même si des questions juridiques, économiques ou sanitaires peuvent se poser à propos de ces produits, nous avons fait le choix de nous focaliser uniquement sur les puffs pour aboutir assurément et rapidement à leur pure et simple interdiction. Les fabricants des puffs, ces objets au développement exponentiel et anarchique, visent surtout, au travers d’un marketing agressif et bien souvent illégal, à compenser le risque, pour les industriels du tabac, que les générations à venir ne fument plus du tout.Apparues sur le marché français en 2021, les puffs ont un format compact et prêt à l’emploi beaucoup plus discret et pratique que les cigarettes électroniques rechargeables. Ces caractéristiques ont incité des commerçants aussi divers que des magasins de décoration, des kiosques à journaux ou des grandes surfaces à en proposer à leurs clients. Les puffs sont donc facilement accessibles et, de surcroît, de graves contournements de l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs ont été constatés. Ceux-ci en font un large usage, car leur prix est dérisoire et leurs arômes fruités et sucrés attirants, la discrétion du dispositif les faisant passer inaperçues auprès des parents. Ainsi, au Royaume-Uni, leur consommation a quadruplé au cours de la dernière année et, actuellement, huit puffs finissent à la poubelle toutes les secondes, soit 5 millions chaque semaine ! En France, 15 % des adolescents les ont déjà utilisées et la moitié d’entre eux ont découvert la nicotine à travers ces produits.Nous avons également affaire, avec ce produit, à une véritable aberration sur le plan environnemental : le plastique et le lithium qui les composent ont un mode de production très consommateur de pétrole et d’eau ; extraits à l’autre bout du monde, dans des conditions déplorables, ces mêmes matériaux sont aussi polluants à la fin de leur cycle de vie car ils ne disparaissent jamais de notre environnement. Les vendeurs de produits de vapotage nous ont indiqué que le respect de l’obligation légale de reprise des déchets électroniques et électroménagers, catégorie à laquelle appartiennent les puffs, est presque nul. Les éco-organismes reconnaissent eux aussi être démunis car, même une fois épuisées, les puffs sont encore dotées d’une charge d’ions dans leur batterie qui les rend extrêmement inflammables.Facilité d’usage, disponibilité du produit, publicité déguisée, cycle de vie très court : tous les éléments sont réunis, avec ces cigarettes électroniques jetables, pour qu’un scandale sanitaire et environnemental voie le jour. L’interdiction totale des puffs que nous vous proposons est donc une mesure de santé publique à double titre : il s’agit de protéger la santé de nos concitoyens, mais également de protéger l’environnement qui nous entoure. La santé des personnes n’étant pas indépendante de la santé des écosystèmes, nous devons agir face à ces aberrations sanitaires et environnementales. L’interdiction des puffs est une étape nécessaire pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens.Les débats en commission ont montré que la représentation nationale était tout entière mobilisée face aux nouveaux pièges tendus par l’industrie de la nicotine. Chers collègues, j’espère que vous serez nombreux à vous joindre à nous dans ce combat et que le texte sera adopté à l’unanimité. Ainsi cet hémicycle enverra-t-il un signal fort aux sénateurs, qui seront bientôt saisis du texte, et aux parlementaires européens, qui luttent, eux aussi, contre ce fléau. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 739,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPQV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La présente proposition de loi est le fruit d’un travail initié il y a un an avec les associations de lutte contre le tabac et de protection de l’environnement. Cosignée par 166 députés, appartenant à huit groupes politiques différents, elle a été adoptée à l’unanimité en commission des affaires sociales. Le groupe [GROUPE] se félicite d’avoir été rapidement rejoint dans ce combat par des députés engagés, tels mon corapporteur [PERSONNE].Notre objectif est simple : interdire les puffs, c’est-à-dire les cigarettes électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, dont il convient d’emblée d’indiquer qu’elles ne contiennent pas de tabac, mais peuvent contenir de la nicotine, une substance vénéneuse au double effet psychotrope et addictif. Avant que nous en venions au vote, il me semble nécessaire d’être très claire sur les produits visés par la proposition de loi.En effet, l’initiative que nous défendons aujourd’hui ne s’attaque pas aux produits de vapotage rechargeables, qui servent souvent à sortir de la consommation du tabac, ni aux nouvelles formes de délivrance nicotinique. Je le précise pour que chacun dans cet hémicycle et parmi ceux qui nous écoutent comprenne que, même si des questions juridiques, économiques ou sanitaires peuvent se poser à propos de ces produits, nous avons fait le choix de nous focaliser uniquement sur les puffs pour aboutir assurément et rapidement à leur pure et simple interdiction. Les fabricants des puffs, ces objets au développement exponentiel et anarchique, visent surtout, au travers d’un marketing agressif et bien souvent illégal, à compenser le risque, pour les industriels du tabac, que les générations à venir ne fument plus du tout.Apparues sur le marché français en 2021, les puffs ont un format compact et prêt à l’emploi beaucoup plus discret et pratique que les cigarettes électroniques rechargeables. Ces caractéristiques ont incité des commerçants aussi divers que des magasins de décoration, des kiosques à journaux ou des grandes surfaces à en proposer à leurs clients. Les puffs sont donc facilement accessibles et, de surcroît, de graves contournements de l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs ont été constatés. Ceux-ci en font un large usage, car leur prix est dérisoire et leurs arômes fruités et sucrés attirants, la discrétion du dispositif les faisant passer inaperçues auprès des parents. Ainsi, au Royaume-Uni, leur consommation a quadruplé au cours de la dernière année et, actuellement, huit puffs finissent à la poubelle toutes les secondes, soit 5 millions chaque semaine ! En France, 15 % des adolescents les ont déjà utilisées et la moitié d’entre eux ont découvert la nicotine à travers ces produits.Nous avons également affaire, avec ce produit, à une véritable aberration sur le plan environnemental : le plastique et le lithium qui les composent ont un mode de production très consommateur de pétrole et d’eau ; extraits à l’autre bout du monde, dans des conditions déplorables, ces mêmes matériaux sont aussi polluants à la fin de leur cycle de vie car ils ne disparaissent jamais de notre environnement. Les vendeurs de produits de vapotage nous ont indiqué que le respect de l’obligation légale de reprise des déchets électroniques et électroménagers, catégorie à laquelle appartiennent les puffs, est presque nul. Les éco-organismes reconnaissent eux aussi être démunis car, même une fois épuisées, les puffs sont encore dotées d’une charge d’ions dans leur batterie qui les rend extrêmement inflammables.Facilité d’usage, disponibilité du produit, publicité déguisée, cycle de vie très court : tous les éléments sont réunis, avec ces cigarettes électroniques jetables, pour qu’un scandale sanitaire et environnemental voie le jour. L’interdiction totale des puffs que nous vous proposons est donc une mesure de santé publique à double titre : il s’agit de protéger la santé de nos concitoyens, mais également de protéger l’environnement qui nous entoure. La santé des personnes n’étant pas indépendante de la santé des écosystèmes, nous devons agir face à ces aberrations sanitaires et environnementales. L’interdiction des puffs est une étape nécessaire pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens.Les débats en commission ont montré que la représentation nationale était tout entière mobilisée face aux nouveaux pièges tendus par l’industrie de la nicotine. Chers collègues, j’espère que vous serez nombreux à vous joindre à nous dans ce combat et que le texte sera adopté à l’unanimité. Ainsi cet hémicycle enverra-t-il un signal fort aux sénateurs, qui seront bientôt saisis du texte, et aux parlementaires européens, qui luttent, eux aussi, contre ce fléau. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
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   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316460",
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   "order": 20,
   "text": "Nous voilà réunis, enfin, pour aborder la proposition de loi transpartisane visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, dits puffs. Enfin, ai-je souligné, car l’urgence est bel et bien là. D’ici le vote du texte tout à l’heure, plus d’une dizaine puffs auront été jetées dans la nature et n’importe quel mineur aura pu s’en procurer facilement, et ce malgré l’interdiction de la vente aux moins de 18 ans. Face à ce constat accablant, je suis heureux d’achever aujourd’hui la première étape d’un processus législatif et réglementaire qui débouchera sur une interdiction pure et simple de la vente et de la fabrication des puffs en France à partir, je l’espère, de septembre 2024.Au-delà de l’aberration environnementale mise en évidence par ma corapporteure, les puffs posent des risques majeurs en matière de santé publique, d’abord pour la santé des jeunes. L’Académie nationale de médecine les qualifie ainsi de « piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents » et les derniers chiffres de l’Alliance contre le tabac confirment qu’il s’agit d’une véritable porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme : 15 % des adolescents l’ont déjà utilisé et, parmi eux, 47 % ont commencé leur initiation à la nicotine à travers ce dispositif.Outre la nicotine, les puffs peuvent contenir parmi leurs ingrédients du plastique et des métaux lourds, qui, une fois chauffés, produisent une vapeur dont l’inhalation est nocive pour les poumons, en particulier ceux des enfants. Les puffs ne sont pas un moyen de sevrage tabagique et représentent un danger environnemental et sanitaire. Leur interdiction est nécessaire et soutenue par tous les acteurs, que ce soient les citoyens, les scientifiques, les associations, les entreprises de vapotage ou même, c’est à noter, les buralistes.Je rappelle que notre proposition de loi est ciblée : elle vise uniquement les puffs. Après son adoption définitive par le Parlement, le Gouvernement devra notifier la mesure à la Commission européenne, qui disposera d’un délai de six mois pour l’approuver ou la rejeter. Loin de représenter une entrave à la souveraineté du législateur, cette coordination est nécessaire dès lors que les biens et les services circulent librement dans le marché commun. L’exemple de la Belgique est important de ce point de vue, ce pays n’ayant pas réussi à interdire les puffs l’année dernière. C’est l’une des raisons pour lesquelles nous focalisons la proposition de loi strictement sur ce dispositif afin de ne pas compromettre son approbation par la Commission européenne.Je sais néanmoins que cette seule interdiction ne résoudra pas tous les problèmes liés au tabagisme en France. C’est pourquoi je salue vos annonces récentes, monsieur le ministre de la santé et de la prévention, dans le cadre du programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme (PNLT). Vous avez fixé un double objectif : créer une génération sans tabac d’ici à 2032 et accompagner les fumeurs dans leur arrêt du tabac.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 20,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316460",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 476,
   "annotation_id": "N8f3ac2cce4d2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voilà réunis, enfin, pour aborder la proposition de loi transpartisane visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, dits puffs. Enfin, ai-je souligné, car l’urgence est bel et bien là. D’ici le vote du texte tout à l’heure, plus d’une dizaine puffs auront été jetées dans la nature et n’importe quel mineur aura pu s’en procurer facilement, et ce malgré l’interdiction de la vente aux moins de 18 ans. Face à ce constat accablant, je suis heureux d’achever aujourd’hui la première étape d’un processus législatif et réglementaire qui débouchera sur une interdiction pure et simple de la vente et de la fabrication des puffs en France à partir, je l’espère, de septembre 2024.Au-delà de l’aberration environnementale mise en évidence par ma corapporteure, les puffs posent des risques majeurs en matière de santé publique, d’abord pour la santé des jeunes. L’Académie nationale de médecine les qualifie ainsi de « piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents » et les derniers chiffres de l’Alliance contre le tabac confirment qu’il s’agit d’une véritable porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme : 15 % des adolescents l’ont déjà utilisé et, parmi eux, 47 % ont commencé leur initiation à la nicotine à travers ce dispositif.Outre la nicotine, les puffs peuvent contenir parmi leurs ingrédients du plastique et des métaux lourds, qui, une fois chauffés, produisent une vapeur dont l’inhalation est nocive pour les poumons, en particulier ceux des enfants. Les puffs ne sont pas un moyen de sevrage tabagique et représentent un danger environnemental et sanitaire. Leur interdiction est nécessaire et soutenue par tous les acteurs, que ce soient les citoyens, les scientifiques, les associations, les entreprises de vapotage ou même, c’est à noter, les buralistes.Je rappelle que notre proposition de loi est ciblée : elle vise uniquement les puffs. Après son adoption définitive par le Parlement, le Gouvernement devra notifier la mesure à la Commission européenne, qui disposera d’un délai de six mois pour l’approuver ou la rejeter. Loin de représenter une entrave à la souveraineté du législateur, cette coordination est nécessaire dès lors que les biens et les services circulent librement dans le marché commun. L’exemple de la Belgique est important de ce point de vue, ce pays n’ayant pas réussi à interdire les puffs l’année dernière. C’est l’une des raisons pour lesquelles nous focalisons la proposition de loi strictement sur ce dispositif afin de ne pas compromettre son approbation par la Commission européenne.Je sais néanmoins que cette seule interdiction ne résoudra pas tous les problèmes liés au tabagisme en France. C’est pourquoi je salue vos annonces récentes, monsieur le ministre de la santé et de la prévention, dans le cadre du programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme (PNLT). Vous avez fixé un double objectif : créer une génération sans tabac d’ici à 2032 et accompagner les fumeurs dans leur arrêt du tabac."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
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   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316466",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316466"
   ],
   "order": 26,
   "text": "Sachez que la représentation nationale se tient à vos côtés dans cette entreprise.Je veux souligner, enfin, que ce texte émane d’un travail transpartisan. Je remercie tout particulièrement ma corapporteure Francesca Pasquini, mais également les députés Karl Olive et Bruno Studer,…",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316466",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N02a2fa93d73e",
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   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sachez que la représentation nationale se tient à vos côtés dans cette entreprise.Je veux souligner, enfin, que ce texte émane d’un travail transpartisan. Je remercie tout particulièrement ma corapporteure [PERSONNE], mais également les députés [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE],…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "rapporteur spécial",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316689",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316689"
   ],
   "order": 29,
   "text": "…avec qui nous avons travaillé en bonne intelligence pour que cette proposition de loi soit inscrite à l’ordre du jour de l’Assemblée nationale. Je remercie également les 162 autres députés, de huit bords politiques différents, qui ont cosigné la proposition de loi. Ce fléau touche tous nos territoires.Je sais gré à mes collègues de la commission des affaires sociales d’avoir voté à l’unanimité en faveur de la proposition de loi et d’avoir abordé des problématiques complémentaires : je pense notamment aux sachets de nicotine, aux paquets neutres et aux espaces sans tabac, aux abords des écoles par exemple.Chers collègues, je vous invite à poursuivre cette démarche transpartisane.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
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   "r": "X",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…avec qui nous avons travaillé en bonne intelligence pour que cette proposition de loi soit inscrite à l’ordre du jour de l’Assemblée nationale. Je remercie également les 162 autres députés, de huit bords politiques différents, qui ont cosigné la proposition de loi. Ce fléau touche tous nos territoires.Je sais gré à mes collègues de la commission des affaires sociales d’avoir voté à l’unanimité en faveur de la proposition de loi et d’avoir abordé des problématiques complémentaires : je pense notamment aux sachets de nicotine, aux paquets neutres et aux espaces sans tabac, aux abords des écoles par exemple.Chers collègues, je vous invite à poursuivre cette démarche transpartisane."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316469",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316469"
   ],
   "order": 33,
   "text": "C’est le souhait de nos concitoyens, qui ont choisi la composition de cette assemblée, et c’est le vœu que formulent des députés du groupe Renaissance, prêts à se mobiliser avec des partenaires et des parlementaires responsables pour mettre en avant des sujets dans l’intérêt de nos concitoyens. Je vous appelle donc à voter la proposition de loi et à poursuivre notre travail collectif de lutte contre le tabagisme et contre les produits nocifs conçus par l’industrie du tabac. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. Louis Boyard applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 33,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316469",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 91,
   "annotation_id": "N09778153cda2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est le souhait de nos concitoyens, qui ont choisi la composition de cette assemblée, et c’est le vœu que formulent des députés du groupe [GROUPE], prêts à se mobiliser avec des partenaires et des parlementaires responsables pour mettre en avant des sujets dans l’intérêt de nos concitoyens. Je vous appelle donc à voter la proposition de loi et à poursuivre notre travail collectif de lutte contre le tabagisme et contre les produits nocifs conçus par l’industrie du tabac. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA826635",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Rousseau",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé et de la prévention",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316473",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316473"
   ],
   "order": 36,
   "text": "Grâce à des années de politique de santé publique volontariste, l’usage du tabac est en nette baisse chez les jeunes : leur prévalence tabagique est passée de 25 % à 16 % depuis 2017. Ce combat nécessite de la ténacité, de l’engagement et quelquefois des mesures impopulaires. Tous ceux qui sont sur ces bancs ce soir et les 166 signataires de la proposition de loi partagent cet engagement. Sans ce travail législatif qui conduit à sortir de la banalité un produit dont les fabricants font tout pour le rendre totalement anecdotique, voire ludique, je pense sincèrement que le Gouvernement n’aurait pas été en mesure d’annoncer les dispositions que j’ai présentées la semaine dernière dans le cadre du nouveau programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme.Je salue donc les liens qui existent entre le Parlement et le pouvoir exécutif,…",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 36,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316473",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 138,
   "annotation_id": "N5ff917c41d28",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Grâce à des années de politique de santé publique volontariste, l’usage du tabac est en nette baisse chez les jeunes : leur prévalence tabagique est passée de 25 % à 16 % depuis 2017. Ce combat nécessite de la ténacité, de l’engagement et quelquefois des mesures impopulaires. Tous ceux qui sont sur ces bancs ce soir et les 166 signataires de la proposition de loi partagent cet engagement. Sans ce travail législatif qui conduit à sortir de la banalité un produit dont les fabricants font tout pour le rendre totalement anecdotique, voire ludique, je pense sincèrement que le Gouvernement n’aurait pas été en mesure d’annoncer les dispositions que j’ai présentées la semaine dernière dans le cadre du nouveau programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme.Je salue donc les liens qui existent entre le Parlement et le pouvoir exécutif,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA826635",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Rousseau",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316475",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316475"
   ],
   "order": 39,
   "text": "…liens essentiels au-delà même du caractère transpartisan du texte. Je félicite les corapporteurs du texte, Francesca Pasquini et Michel Lauzzana, pour leur remarquable travail.Le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme que j’ai présenté la semaine dernière pourrait, vous le savez, se résumer au néologisme « débanalisation » : il faut, en effet, sortir de la banalité du tabac.Il faut, bien entendu, agir sur le prix en rendant son augmentation visible pour nos concitoyens ; généraliser les espaces sans tabac, pour faire reculer celui-ci dans l’espace public, notamment à proximité des plus jeunes ; accompagner les fumeurs par différents moyens, en accordant une attention particulière aux plus précaires – il faut proposer une aide adaptée à chaque profil de fumeur.Je vois sur ces bancs nombre de parlementaires engagés, tel Karl Olive,…",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 39,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316475",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "N46313412332a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…liens essentiels au-delà même du caractère transpartisan du texte. Je félicite les corapporteurs du texte, [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], pour leur remarquable travail.Le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme que j’ai présenté la semaine dernière pourrait, vous le savez, se résumer au néologisme « débanalisation » : il faut, en effet, sortir de la banalité du tabac.Il faut, bien entendu, agir sur le prix en rendant son augmentation visible pour nos concitoyens ; généraliser les espaces sans tabac, pour faire reculer celui-ci dans l’espace public, notamment à proximité des plus jeunes ; accompagner les fumeurs par différents moyens, en accordant une attention particulière aux plus précaires – il faut proposer une aide adaptée à chaque profil de fumeur.Je vois sur ces bancs nombre de parlementaires engagés, tel [PERSONNE],…"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA826635",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Rousseau",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316767",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316767"
   ],
   "order": 44,
   "text": "…dans l’action en faveur du sport santé, un complément essentiel de la politique de lutte contre le tabac. Tout cela me conforte dans l’idée que notre objectif d’une première génération débarrassée du tabac dès 2032 est réaliste et atteignable.Cet objectif est toutefois loin d’être acquis. Pour l’atteindre, il fallait, j’en suis convaincu, conjuguer nos ambitions : celle qui s’exprime aujourd’hui au Parlement et celle que le Gouvernement a formulée dans le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme. C’est d’autant plus vrai que les usages évoluent et que la réponse des pouvoirs publics doit rester adaptée et agile pour relever les nouveaux défis – défis qui correspondent en réalité aux innovations marketing que les grands industriels mettent en œuvre pour attirer les plus jeunes de nos concitoyens dans les filets du tabagisme.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 44,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316767",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "Nb6907fadfd30",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…dans l’action en faveur du sport santé, un complément essentiel de la politique de lutte contre le tabac. Tout cela me conforte dans l’idée que notre objectif d’une première génération débarrassée du tabac dès 2032 est réaliste et atteignable.Cet objectif est toutefois loin d’être acquis. Pour l’atteindre, il fallait, j’en suis convaincu, conjuguer nos ambitions : celle qui s’exprime aujourd’hui au Parlement et celle que le Gouvernement a formulée dans le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme. C’est d’autant plus vrai que les usages évoluent et que la réponse des pouvoirs publics doit rester adaptée et agile pour relever les nouveaux défis – défis qui correspondent en réalité aux innovations marketing que les grands industriels mettent en œuvre pour attirer les plus jeunes de nos concitoyens dans les filets du tabagisme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA826635",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Rousseau",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316733",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316733"
   ],
   "order": 47,
   "text": "Il y a encore dix ans, la lutte contre le tabagisme concernait quasi exclusivement la cigarette ; aujourd’hui, les pratiques et les produits sont multiples. Certains sont colorés et ludiques, ciblant clairement les jeunes, à grand renfort de marketing – plusieurs d’entre vous l’ont noté. Je parle bien sûr de l’objet qui nous occupe ce soir : la cigarette électronique jetable, à usage unique, qui porte – malheureusement – le joli nom de puff.Par son prix compétitif, son emballage attractif, ses saveurs sucrées et fruitées, la puff est attractive et accessible, singulièrement pour les jeunes. Michel Lauzzana l’a souligné, elle a gagné une popularité inquiétante jusque chez les très jeunes, malgré l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs : parmi les enfants de 13 à 16 ans, un sur dix a déjà essayé la puff, un chiffre en constante augmentation. La puff, pourtant, n’est ni un moindre mal ni un outil de sevrage. En effet, son taux de nicotine, pouvant aller jusqu’à 20 milligrammes par millilitre, ouvre la voie à une forte dépendance. Elle crée aussi une accoutumance au geste de fumer. Tous ces éléments facilitent l’effet passerelle vers le tabagisme.Au-delà de l’aspect sanitaire, vu sa composition et son caractère non rechargeable, la cigarette électronique jetable est un fléau environnemental, une bombe à retardement en parfaite contradiction avec l’esprit des lois que vous avez récemment adoptées, notamment la loi relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire (Agec), dite antigaspillage.L’importation de ce produit a déjà été interdite dans un territoire de la République, la Nouvelle-Calédonie ; en Europe, plusieurs pays – la Belgique, l’Allemagne et l’Irlande – s’acheminent également vers sa proscription, malgré les difficultés qu’a rappelées Michel Lauzzana.Toutes ces raisons ont rapidement conduit tant l’Assemblée nationale, à l’initiative de ce texte, que le Gouvernement à proposer l’interdiction de la puff. La proposition de loi que nous examinons a été déposée dès novembre 2022 et soutenue par le Gouvernement il y a quelques mois. Je suis heureux d’être aujourd’hui à la tribune pour réaffirmer notre engagement en faveur de cette initiative.Votre rôle, mesdames et messieurs les députés, a donc été déterminant, et je ne peux que le saluer. Je salue tout particulièrement les premiers signataires de la proposition de loi,…",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 47,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316733",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 371,
   "annotation_id": "N6e40049ed03e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPQV",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a encore dix ans, la lutte contre le tabagisme concernait quasi exclusivement la cigarette ; aujourd’hui, les pratiques et les produits sont multiples. Certains sont colorés et ludiques, ciblant clairement les jeunes, à grand renfort de marketing – plusieurs d’entre vous l’ont noté. Je parle bien sûr de l’objet qui nous occupe ce soir : la cigarette électronique jetable, à usage unique, qui porte – malheureusement – le joli nom de puff.Par son prix compétitif, son emballage attractif, ses saveurs sucrées et fruitées, la puff est attractive et accessible, singulièrement pour les jeunes. [PERSONNE] l’a souligné, elle a gagné une popularité inquiétante jusque chez les très jeunes, malgré l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs : parmi les enfants de 13 à 16 ans, un sur dix a déjà essayé la puff, un chiffre en constante augmentation. La puff, pourtant, n’est ni un moindre mal ni un outil de sevrage. En effet, son taux de nicotine, pouvant aller jusqu’à 20 milligrammes par millilitre, ouvre la voie à une forte dépendance. Elle crée aussi une accoutumance au geste de fumer. Tous ces éléments facilitent l’effet passerelle vers le tabagisme.Au-delà de l’aspect sanitaire, vu sa composition et son caractère non rechargeable, la cigarette électronique jetable est un fléau environnemental, une bombe à retardement en parfaite contradiction avec l’esprit des lois que vous avez récemment adoptées, notamment la loi relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire (Agec), dite antigaspillage.L’importation de ce produit a déjà été interdite dans un territoire de la République, la Nouvelle-Calédonie ; en Europe, plusieurs pays – la Belgique, l’Allemagne et l’Irlande – s’acheminent également vers sa proscription, malgré les difficultés qu’a rappelées [PERSONNE].Toutes ces raisons ont rapidement conduit tant l’Assemblée nationale, à l’initiative de ce texte, que le Gouvernement à proposer l’interdiction de la puff. La proposition de loi que nous examinons a été déposée dès novembre 2022 et soutenue par le Gouvernement il y a quelques mois. Je suis heureux d’être aujourd’hui à la tribune pour réaffirmer notre engagement en faveur de cette initiative.Votre rôle, mesdames et messieurs les députés, a donc été déterminant, et je ne peux que le saluer. Je salue tout particulièrement les premiers signataires de la proposition de loi,…"
  },
  {
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   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
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   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316740",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316740"
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   "order": 56,
   "text": "Je ne suis pas surpris par ce cheminement. Toutes et tous ici, nous souhaitons atteindre l’objectif d’une génération sans tabac – même si nous mesurons les contraintes que cela imposera, y compris à nous-mêmes.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
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   "annotation_id": "Nadaf685ff0fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis pas surpris par ce cheminement. Toutes et tous ici, nous souhaitons atteindre l’objectif d’une génération sans tabac – même si nous mesurons les contraintes que cela imposera, y compris à nous-mêmes."
  },
  {
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   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
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   "order": 58,
   "text": "Nous connaissons tous les risques de ces produits pour la jeunesse. L’enjeu pour ce texte est avant tout de produire ses effets le plus rapidement possible. J’ai confiance dans le fait que les sénateurs l’accueilleront avec autant d’enthousiasme et de détermination que vous. La procédure de notification à la Commission européenne allongera le délai d’entrée en vigueur de quelques mois, mais elle est indispensable, car nous avons, face à nous, des acteurs très attentifs – et, s’il le faut, agressifs –, désireux de protéger leurs produits. La sécurité juridique de cette procédure est donc essentielle.Bien sûr, la proposition de loi doit s’inscrire dans un travail plus large et de longue haleine. C’est un des volets du nouveau PNLT, qui vise à anticiper les évolutions du marché pour toujours mieux protéger nos concitoyens. Nous continuerons de travailler dans ce cadre à la diminution de l’attractivité des produits du tabac et du vapotage ; en particulier, le paquet neutre sera étendu à l’ensemble de ces produits. Nous aurons l’occasion d’échanger avec vous dans la perspective d’une nouvelle loi en ce sens.J’ai également annoncé que j’engagerai prochainement un travail avec l’ensemble des parties prenantes pour limiter les arômes autorisés dans les produits du vapotage – là aussi, voie d’entrée détournée des jeunes dans le tabac.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 58,
   "amendments": [],
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   "direct": true,
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   "annotation_id": "N9259d1276ff3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous connaissons tous les risques de ces produits pour la jeunesse. L’enjeu pour ce texte est avant tout de produire ses effets le plus rapidement possible. J’ai confiance dans le fait que les sénateurs l’accueilleront avec autant d’enthousiasme et de détermination que vous. La procédure de notification à la Commission européenne allongera le délai d’entrée en vigueur de quelques mois, mais elle est indispensable, car nous avons, face à nous, des acteurs très attentifs – et, s’il le faut, agressifs –, désireux de protéger leurs produits. La sécurité juridique de cette procédure est donc essentielle.Bien sûr, la proposition de loi doit s’inscrire dans un travail plus large et de longue haleine. C’est un des volets du nouveau PNLT, qui vise à anticiper les évolutions du marché pour toujours mieux protéger nos concitoyens. Nous continuerons de travailler dans ce cadre à la diminution de l’attractivité des produits du tabac et du vapotage ; en particulier, le paquet neutre sera étendu à l’ensemble de ces produits. Nous aurons l’occasion d’échanger avec vous dans la perspective d’une nouvelle loi en ce sens.J’ai également annoncé que j’engagerai prochainement un travail avec l’ensemble des parties prenantes pour limiter les arômes autorisés dans les produits du vapotage – là aussi, voie d’entrée détournée des jeunes dans le tabac."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA826635",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Rousseau",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316745",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 63,
   "text": "Quand on voit, sur le site d’une des grandes marques du secteur, le « top 10 des meilleures saveurs », avec « marshmallow », « milk-shake fraise » ou « pastèque givrée »,…",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 63,
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   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316745",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N25f542a15d01",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quand on voit, sur le site d’une des grandes marques du secteur, le « top 10 des meilleures saveurs », avec « marshmallow », « milk-shake fraise » ou « pastèque givrée »,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA826635",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Rousseau",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 66,
   "text": "…on mesure l’urgence.Nous élaborerons aussi une feuille de route pour renforcer la surveillance des produits du tabac et du vapotage, et assurer ainsi une cohérence de la réglementation dès qu’un nouveau dispositif se présente. Il nous faut être armés a priori, par exemple face aux sachets de nicotine, qui représentent encore un nouveau mode de consommation, arrivé très récemment dans notre pays, et dont nous devons surveiller les conséquences pour les plus jeunes. Je sais pouvoir compter sur tous les parlementaires engagés, que je ne peux citer tant cet enjeu rassemble largement au sein des groupes.Le 25 juin 1990, Claude Évin, ministre de la solidarité, de la santé et de la protection sociale, avait dit dans cet hémicycle : « [La] lutte contre le tabagisme […] a toujours eu dans nos institutions une valeur symbolique. Sans doute parce qu’il s’agit de légiférer sur des comportements, des activités et des habitudes de vie qui conduisent à la mort ou à la souffrance physique et psychologique […]. » Plus de trente ans après, ces mots sont toujours d’actualité, alors que nous franchissons, grâce à vous, une nouvelle étape dans cette lutte majeure – majeure car, je le rappelle, il s’agit de diminuer le terrible chiffre de 200 morts par jour à cause du tabac dans notre pays. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem, ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 66,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316777",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 231,
   "annotation_id": "N4d41a1a421a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…on mesure l’urgence.Nous élaborerons aussi une feuille de route pour renforcer la surveillance des produits du tabac et du vapotage, et assurer ainsi une cohérence de la réglementation dès qu’un nouveau dispositif se présente. Il nous faut être armés a priori, par exemple face aux sachets de nicotine, qui représentent encore un nouveau mode de consommation, arrivé très récemment dans notre pays, et dont nous devons surveiller les conséquences pour les plus jeunes. Je sais pouvoir compter sur tous les parlementaires engagés, que je ne peux citer tant cet enjeu rassemble largement au sein des groupes.Le 25 juin 1990, Claude Évin, ministre de la solidarité, de la santé et de la protection sociale, avait dit dans cet hémicycle : « [La] lutte contre le tabagisme […] a toujours eu dans nos institutions une valeur symbolique. Sans doute parce qu’il s’agit de légiférer sur des comportements, des activités et des habitudes de vie qui conduisent à la mort ou à la souffrance physique et psychologique […]. » Plus de trente ans après, ces mots sont toujours d’actualité, alors que nous franchissons, grâce à vous, une nouvelle étape dans cette lutte majeure – majeure car, je le rappelle, il s’agit de diminuer le terrible chiffre de 200 morts par jour à cause du tabac dans notre pays. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem, ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795438",
   "speaker": "Rachel Keke",
   "quality": "Mme Rachel Keke (LFI-NUPES)",
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   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316754",
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   "order": 75,
   "text": "Tout d’abord, je tiens à saluer le travail des rapporteurs sur cette proposition de loi qui vise à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Le fait qu’elle ait été cosignée par 166 députés, membres de huit groupes politiques de l’Assemblée, démontre que la représentation nationale peut trouver des compromis sur des questions majeures de santé – celle de la planète et celle de nos jeunes.Pour comprendre l’importance de ce texte, il faut mesurer celle de la lutte contre le tabagisme, mais aussi sa difficulté. Les chiffres de Santé publique France (SPF) montrent le chemin que nous avons parcouru au fil des décennies face à ce fléau. Il y a une cinquantaine d’années, la part des personnes consommant du tabac quotidiennement s’élevait à 42 % ; en 2022, elle est passée sous la barre des 25 %. Cette baisse est particulièrement notable chez les jeunes de 17 ans :…",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 75,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316754",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 151,
   "annotation_id": "N1de6063128a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tout d’abord, je tiens à saluer le travail des rapporteurs sur cette proposition de loi qui vise à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Le fait qu’elle ait été cosignée par 166 députés, membres de huit groupes politiques de l’Assemblée, démontre que la représentation nationale peut trouver des compromis sur des questions majeures de santé – celle de la planète et celle de nos jeunes.Pour comprendre l’importance de ce texte, il faut mesurer celle de la lutte contre le tabagisme, mais aussi sa difficulté. Les chiffres de Santé publique France (SPF) montrent le chemin que nous avons parcouru au fil des décennies face à ce fléau. Il y a une cinquantaine d’années, la part des personnes consommant du tabac quotidiennement s’élevait à 42 % ; en 2022, elle est passée sous la barre des 25 %. Cette baisse est particulièrement notable chez les jeunes de 17 ans :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795438",
   "speaker": "Rachel Keke",
   "quality": "Mme Rachel Keke",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316757",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316757"
   ],
   "order": 78,
   "text": "…la proportion de consommateurs quotidiens a évolué d’une moyenne de 40 % en 2000 à 15,6 % en 2022. Alors que la consommation des jeunes connaît une baisse évidente, l’industrie du tabac a lancé de nouveaux produits tels que la cigarette électronique en 2010 et surtout la cigarette électronique à usage unique, appelée puff, en 2021.La puff a connu un succès fulgurant. Sa popularité croissante chez les jeunes est liée à des stratégies de marketing agressives, des prix abordables – moins de 10 euros –, des emballages qui donnent envie, une variété de saveurs et la promotion d’influenceurs sur TikTok, Instagram ou Snapchat. Tout cela a eu pour effet de créer une nouvelle mode, une tendance. Les chiffres sont graves : d’après l’Alliance contre le tabac, 13 % des 13 à 16 ans en ont déjà fait usage ; d’après l’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives (OFDT), c’est le cas de 34 % des élèves de troisième.Or, bien qu’elles ne contiennent pas de tabac, les puffs renferment de la nicotine : le risque est celui d’un passage de la puff vers la cigarette traditionnelle. C’est pourquoi je profite de cette tribune pour faire passer un message de prévention à toutes celles et tous ceux qui m’écoutent : ne touchez jamais à quoi que ce soit qui vienne de l’industrie du tabac, c’est un piège ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) J’appelle également les responsables politiques à montrer l’exemple en ne vapotant pas dans l’hémicycle ou devant les caméras. Le tabac est la première cause de mortalité évitable en France, avec 75 000 décès par an – un décès sur huit est dû au tabac –, soit 200 morts par jour ou une personne toutes les sept minutes. Ces chiffres ne sont pas des statistiques, ce sont des vies perdues, des familles déchirées, des tragédies évitables. (Mêmes mouvements. – Mme la rapporteure applaudit également.) En interdisant les puffs, on rétablit une frontière entre les jeunes et l’industrie du tabac.Ce sujet ne se limite cependant pas à la santé individuelle, car la consommation de puffs a également de graves conséquences sur la santé environnementale. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables, avec leurs composants en plastique et leurs batteries au lithium, ajoutent du malheur au malheur. Le temps où nous pouvions ignorer l’impact de nos choix sur l’environnement n’est plus.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 78,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316757",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 389,
   "annotation_id": "N8bdf7c776a47",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…la proportion de consommateurs quotidiens a évolué d’une moyenne de 40 % en 2000 à 15,6 % en 2022. Alors que la consommation des jeunes connaît une baisse évidente, l’industrie du tabac a lancé de nouveaux produits tels que la cigarette électronique en 2010 et surtout la cigarette électronique à usage unique, appelée puff, en 2021.La puff a connu un succès fulgurant. Sa popularité croissante chez les jeunes est liée à des stratégies de marketing agressives, des prix abordables – moins de 10 euros –, des emballages qui donnent envie, une variété de saveurs et la promotion d’influenceurs sur TikTok, Instagram ou Snapchat. Tout cela a eu pour effet de créer une nouvelle mode, une tendance. Les chiffres sont graves : d’après l’Alliance contre le tabac, 13 % des 13 à 16 ans en ont déjà fait usage ; d’après l’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives (OFDT), c’est le cas de 34 % des élèves de troisième.Or, bien qu’elles ne contiennent pas de tabac, les puffs renferment de la nicotine : le risque est celui d’un passage de la puff vers la cigarette traditionnelle. C’est pourquoi je profite de cette tribune pour faire passer un message de prévention à toutes celles et tous ceux qui m’écoutent : ne touchez jamais à quoi que ce soit qui vienne de l’industrie du tabac, c’est un piège ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) J’appelle également les responsables politiques à montrer l’exemple en ne vapotant pas dans l’hémicycle ou devant les caméras. Le tabac est la première cause de mortalité évitable en France, avec 75 000 décès par an – un décès sur huit est dû au tabac –, soit 200 morts par jour ou une personne toutes les sept minutes. Ces chiffres ne sont pas des statistiques, ce sont des vies perdues, des familles déchirées, des tragédies évitables. (Mêmes mouvements. – Mme la rapporteure applaudit également.) En interdisant les puffs, on rétablit une frontière entre les jeunes et l’industrie du tabac.Ce sujet ne se limite cependant pas à la santé individuelle, car la consommation de puffs a également de graves conséquences sur la santé environnementale. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables, avec leurs composants en plastique et leurs batteries au lithium, ajoutent du malheur au malheur. Le temps où nous pouvions ignorer l’impact de nos choix sur l’environnement n’est plus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795438",
   "speaker": "Rachel Keke",
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   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316761",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 84,
   "text": "Vous l’aurez compris, dire non au tabac, c’est dire oui à la planète et à la santé. C’est pourquoi nous sommes favorables à l’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques à usage unique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
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   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N854f49560a50",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous l’aurez compris, dire non au tabac, c’est dire oui à la planète et à la santé. C’est pourquoi nous sommes favorables à l’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques à usage unique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721474",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Viry",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Viry (LR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316763",
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   ],
   "order": 86,
   "text": "Le groupe Les Républicains votera naturellement cette proposition de loi. Au début de l’année 2023, j’avais posé une question écrite à Mme la Première ministre l’invitant à mettre un terme à la consommation excessive de cigarettes électroniques jetables.Les deux raisons qui rendent cette interdiction nécessaire ont été évoquées. La première est d’ordre sanitaire. Vous l’avez rappelé, monsieur le ministre : la puff représente un véritable danger pour la santé publique, celle des jeunes en particulier, et il fallait prendre des mesures rapidement pour y remédier. Un chiffre mérite d’être cité : 47 % des jeunes se sont initiés à la nicotine par la puff, soit près d’un sur deux – cela ne peut pas nous laisser de marbre. Nous devons réagir d’autant plus fermement que la tendance est alimentée par des stratégies marketing puissantes, par un packaging attrayant et par la promesse d’arômes sucrés. Si nous n’interdisons pas les cigarettes électroniques jetables, nous aurons du mal à lutter contre le savoir-faire de leurs fabricants.La seconde raison est écologique. Il faut mettre un terme à la dérive que représentent les puffs dans ce domaine. Une fois utilisées, ces cigarettes deviennent des déchets non biodégradables qui menacent l’environnement et la biodiversité.Face à ce double danger, la proposition de loi relève du bon sens – elle est d’ailleurs consensuelle et fait l’unanimité, dans la continuité des auditions menées en amont de l’examen du texte.Avant de conclure, je veux rassurer les buralistes, dont nous avons besoin pour assurer le lien avec nos concitoyens dans les villages les plus reculés des territoires (Mme Caroline Fiat applaudit) : ils ne doivent pas voir dans la proposition de loi une marque de défiance à leur égard.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 86,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316763",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 279,
   "annotation_id": "N4b39c24fa496",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] votera naturellement cette proposition de loi. Au début de l’année 2023, j’avais posé une question écrite à Mme la Première ministre l’invitant à mettre un terme à la consommation excessive de cigarettes électroniques jetables.Les deux raisons qui rendent cette interdiction nécessaire ont été évoquées. La première est d’ordre sanitaire. Vous l’avez rappelé, monsieur le ministre : la puff représente un véritable danger pour la santé publique, celle des jeunes en particulier, et il fallait prendre des mesures rapidement pour y remédier. Un chiffre mérite d’être cité : 47 % des jeunes se sont initiés à la nicotine par la puff, soit près d’un sur deux – cela ne peut pas nous laisser de marbre. Nous devons réagir d’autant plus fermement que la tendance est alimentée par des stratégies marketing puissantes, par un packaging attrayant et par la promesse d’arômes sucrés. Si nous n’interdisons pas les cigarettes électroniques jetables, nous aurons du mal à lutter contre le savoir-faire de leurs fabricants.La seconde raison est écologique. Il faut mettre un terme à la dérive que représentent les puffs dans ce domaine. Une fois utilisées, ces cigarettes deviennent des déchets non biodégradables qui menacent l’environnement et la biodiversité.Face à ce double danger, la proposition de loi relève du bon sens – elle est d’ailleurs consensuelle et fait l’unanimité, dans la continuité des auditions menées en amont de l’examen du texte.Avant de conclure, je veux rassurer les buralistes, dont nous avons besoin pour assurer le lien avec nos concitoyens dans les villages les plus reculés des territoires (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit) : ils ne doivent pas voir dans la proposition de loi une marque de défiance à leur égard."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721474",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Viry",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Viry",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316787"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, j’ai été attentif à vos propos ce soir et, il y a quelques jours, dans les Vosges : vous avez raison, il faut modifier la réglementation relative aux produits contenant de la nicotine et mettre fin à la pratique croissante consistant à la consommer sous forme de gommes à mâcher. Pour protéger la santé de nos enfants, nous ne devons pas hésiter à prendre des mesures rapides et radicales.Le groupe Les Républicains, conscient de la gravité de ce problème sanitaire, votera en faveur de la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem et sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 92,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316787",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 114,
   "annotation_id": "N1f4508a875c7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, j’ai été attentif à vos propos ce soir et, il y a quelques jours, dans les Vosges : vous avez raison, il faut modifier la réglementation relative aux produits contenant de la nicotine et mettre fin à la pratique croissante consistant à la consommer sous forme de gommes à mâcher. Pour protéger la santé de nos enfants, nous ne devons pas hésiter à prendre des mesures rapides et radicales.Le groupe [GROUPE], conscient de la gravité de ce problème sanitaire, votera en faveur de la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem et sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793860",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Zgainski",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Zgainski (Dem)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316790",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316790"
   ],
   "order": 95,
   "text": "Alors que le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme présenté la semaine dernière par le Gouvernement prévoyait l’interdiction des puffs, nous examinons ce soir un texte qui vise à interdire ces cigarettes électroniques jetables, néfastes pour l’environnement et la santé de nos concitoyens, en particulier des plus jeunes d’entre eux. Contrairement au système de vapotage rechargeable, principalement utilisé pour faciliter le sevrage – l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (Opecst) l’a rappelé en septembre dernier –, aucune étude scientifique n’a prouvé que ces produits jetables à usage unique étaient efficaces pour un tel usage. Pis, en raison d’un marketing agressif, ils sont en passe de devenir un enjeu majeur de santé publique au sein des collèges et des lycées.De plus en plus de jeunes, séduits par leur packaging et leurs arômes sucrés, utilisent ces produits, qui sont une porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme pour ces collégiens devenus dépendants de la nicotine. L’Académie nationale de médecine nous alerte : les cigarettes électroniques jetables représentent « un piège sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents ».Les conséquences sont désastreuses sur le plan sanitaire, mais aussi environnemental. Une cigarette électronique jetable, du fait de sa composition et de l’impossibilité de la recharger, est un fléau environnemental. L’usage de ce produit entre en contradiction avec les principes de la loi relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire et avec les initiatives prises pour mettre fin à l’usage unique.Remarquons, d’autre part, que ces cigarettes électroniques sont surtout fabriquées en Chine. Si nous restons passifs, elles finiront par remplacer les systèmes de vapotage rechargeables fabriqués en France selon les normes de l’Afnor, l’Association française de normalisation, définies en 2015. Les dispositifs de vapotage rechargeables français, comme en produit une entreprise de Cestas, dans ma circonscription, en Gironde, répondent à des exigences environnementales et sanitaires, contrairement aux dispositifs jetables. Nous devons préserver cette industrie.Je remercie les rapporteurs d’avoir présenté ce texte transpartisan, que j’ai cosigné. Le groupe Démocrate, conscient des graves conséquences de l’usage de la cigarette électronique jetable pour la santé et l’environnement, votera pour la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 95,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316790",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 363,
   "annotation_id": "Nb6c80f8a8a38",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPSV",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme présenté la semaine dernière par le Gouvernement prévoyait l’interdiction des puffs, nous examinons ce soir un texte qui vise à interdire ces cigarettes électroniques jetables, néfastes pour l’environnement et la santé de nos concitoyens, en particulier des plus jeunes d’entre eux. Contrairement au système de vapotage rechargeable, principalement utilisé pour faciliter le sevrage – l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (Opecst) l’a rappelé en septembre dernier –, aucune étude scientifique n’a prouvé que ces produits jetables à usage unique étaient efficaces pour un tel usage. Pis, en raison d’un marketing agressif, ils sont en passe de devenir un enjeu majeur de santé publique au sein des collèges et des lycées.De plus en plus de jeunes, séduits par leur packaging et leurs arômes sucrés, utilisent ces produits, qui sont une porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme pour ces collégiens devenus dépendants de la nicotine. L’Académie nationale de médecine nous alerte : les cigarettes électroniques jetables représentent « un piège sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents ».Les conséquences sont désastreuses sur le plan sanitaire, mais aussi environnemental. Une cigarette électronique jetable, du fait de sa composition et de l’impossibilité de la recharger, est un fléau environnemental. L’usage de ce produit entre en contradiction avec les principes de la loi relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire et avec les initiatives prises pour mettre fin à l’usage unique.Remarquons, d’autre part, que ces cigarettes électroniques sont surtout fabriquées en Chine. Si nous restons passifs, elles finiront par remplacer les systèmes de vapotage rechargeables fabriqués en France selon les normes de l’Afnor, l’Association française de normalisation, définies en 2015. Les dispositifs de vapotage rechargeables français, comme en produit une entreprise de Cestas, dans ma circonscription, en Gironde, répondent à des exigences environnementales et sanitaires, contrairement aux dispositifs jetables. Nous devons préserver cette industrie.Je remercie les rapporteurs d’avoir présenté ce texte transpartisan, que j’ai cosigné. Le groupe Démocrate, conscient des graves conséquences de l’usage de la cigarette électronique jetable pour la santé et l’environnement, votera pour la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774958",
   "speaker": "Gérard Leseul",
   "quality": "M. Gérard Leseul (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316797",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3316797"
   ],
   "order": 101,
   "text": "Nous examinons ce soir la proposition de loi transpartisane qui vise à interdire la vente des puffs, ces cigarettes électroniques à usage unique très populaires chez les adolescents. Ce produit constitue un piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents, mais aussi un fléau environnemental. Nous l’avons dénoncé, avec la sénatrice Catherine Procaccia dans la note no 41 de l’Opecst, publiée fin septembre 2023 et intitulée « Nouveaux produits du tabac ou à base de nicotine : lever l’écran de fumée », que vous avez eu, madame la rapporteure, monsieur le rapporteur, l’amabilité de citer dans votre rapport.Le tabagisme est la première cause de mortalité évitable en France. Il était responsable de la mort de 75 000 personnes en 2015 – environ 13 % des décès – des suites d’un cancer, d’une maladie cardiovasculaire ou d’une pathologie respiratoire. Malgré la baisse de la consommation de tabac observée en France ces dernières années, 15,6 % des jeunes de 17 ans et 3,7 % des élèves de troisième déclarent fumer quotidiennement du tabac. Cette prévalence est particulièrement élevée par rapport aux autres pays de l’OCDE – Organisation de coopération et de développement économique – et marquée par de fortes inégalités sociales.L’addiction au tabac est principalement provoquée par la nicotine qu’il contient. Certains fumeurs tentent d’arrêter en recourant à la cigarette électronique. Cependant, depuis leur arrivée sur le marché, plusieurs formes de cigarettes électroniques sont apparues, les dernières en date étant ces fameuses cigarettes électroniques à usage unique, dites puffs. Elles sont vantées pour leur simplicité d’utilisation, leur côté pratique, par les professionnels du secteur et les usagers. Les fabricants ciblent une clientèle jeune grâce à des emballages et à des prix attractifs, malgré l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs, qui n’est pas suffisamment respectée.Le marché de la puff a très rapidement explosé en France, notamment grâce à des prix attractifs et à une large distribution : magasins spécialisés dans le vapotage, sites internet, dont certains sont même appelés tout simplement « Puff », bureaux de tabac, enseignes comme Gifi ou Centrakor – bref, on en trouve partout.La puff, c’est ce bâtonnet légèrement plus large qu’un stylo, au packaging accrocheur, à la couleur fluo et à l’arôme sucré. Les fabricants ont conçu un marketing à toute épreuve pour un produit qui peut contenir jusqu’à 20 milligrammes de nicotine, cette substance, nous le savons, provoquant l’addiction. Une puff coûte entre 8 et 12 euros, pour 500 bouffées, contre 30 euros environ pour une cigarette électronique rechargeable.Nous sommes inquiets car les adolescents sont la première cible. Entre 2017 et 2022, l’usage par les adolescents de la cigarette électronique, puff comprise, a triplé. Selon une étude récente de l’Alliance contre le tabac et de l’institut BVA, publiée le 14 novembre dernier, 47 % des 13-16 ans se sont initiés à la nicotine par ce dispositif, ce qui représente une hausse de 19 points par rapport à l’an dernier. Ces pratiques sont nouvelles et les statistiques doivent être interprétées avec prudence, mais ces tendances doivent nous inquiéter.Au-delà de leur alarmante popularité chez les adolescents, nous devons également nous soucier de l’empreinte environnementale de ces cigarettes électroniques jetables. Leur batterie n’est pas rechargeable et contient environ 0,15 gramme de lithium, ainsi que des métaux lourds. Ces métaux, nous les retrouvons partout, faute d’avoir trouvé le moyen de recycler les cigarettes électroniques à usage unique : celles-ci constituent donc des déchets complexes, mal collectés, mal recyclés, présents dans les sols, les nappes phréatiques et les océans.Je salue l’initiative des auteurs de la proposition de loi, à laquelle j’ai d’ailleurs souscrit, ainsi que plusieurs de mes collègues. Le groupe Socialistes et apparentés votera pour l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 101,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316797",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 624,
   "annotation_id": "N3b1226a04ef7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous examinons ce soir la proposition de loi transpartisane qui vise à interdire la vente des puffs, ces cigarettes électroniques à usage unique très populaires chez les adolescents. Ce produit constitue un piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents, mais aussi un fléau environnemental. Nous l’avons dénoncé, avec la sénatrice [PERSONNE] dans la note no 41 de l’Opecst, publiée fin septembre 2023 et intitulée « Nouveaux produits du tabac ou à base de nicotine : lever l’écran de fumée », que vous avez eu, madame la rapporteure, monsieur le rapporteur, l’amabilité de citer dans votre rapport.Le tabagisme est la première cause de mortalité évitable en France. Il était responsable de la mort de 75 000 personnes en 2015 – environ 13 % des décès – des suites d’un cancer, d’une maladie cardiovasculaire ou d’une pathologie respiratoire. Malgré la baisse de la consommation de tabac observée en France ces dernières années, 15,6 % des jeunes de 17 ans et 3,7 % des élèves de troisième déclarent fumer quotidiennement du tabac. Cette prévalence est particulièrement élevée par rapport aux autres pays de l’OCDE – Organisation de coopération et de développement économique – et marquée par de fortes inégalités sociales.L’addiction au tabac est principalement provoquée par la nicotine qu’il contient. Certains fumeurs tentent d’arrêter en recourant à la cigarette électronique. Cependant, depuis leur arrivée sur le marché, plusieurs formes de cigarettes électroniques sont apparues, les dernières en date étant ces fameuses cigarettes électroniques à usage unique, dites puffs. Elles sont vantées pour leur simplicité d’utilisation, leur côté pratique, par les professionnels du secteur et les usagers. Les fabricants ciblent une clientèle jeune grâce à des emballages et à des prix attractifs, malgré l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs, qui n’est pas suffisamment respectée.Le marché de la puff a très rapidement explosé en France, notamment grâce à des prix attractifs et à une large distribution : magasins spécialisés dans le vapotage, sites internet, dont certains sont même appelés tout simplement « Puff », bureaux de tabac, enseignes comme Gifi ou Centrakor – bref, on en trouve partout.La puff, c’est ce bâtonnet légèrement plus large qu’un stylo, au packaging accrocheur, à la couleur fluo et à l’arôme sucré. Les fabricants ont conçu un marketing à toute épreuve pour un produit qui peut contenir jusqu’à 20 milligrammes de nicotine, cette substance, nous le savons, provoquant l’addiction. Une puff coûte entre 8 et 12 euros, pour 500 bouffées, contre 30 euros environ pour une cigarette électronique rechargeable.Nous sommes inquiets car les adolescents sont la première cible. Entre 2017 et 2022, l’usage par les adolescents de la cigarette électronique, puff comprise, a triplé. Selon une étude récente de l’Alliance contre le tabac et de l’institut BVA, publiée le 14 novembre dernier, 47 % des 13-16 ans se sont initiés à la nicotine par ce dispositif, ce qui représente une hausse de 19 points par rapport à l’an dernier. Ces pratiques sont nouvelles et les statistiques doivent être interprétées avec prudence, mais ces tendances doivent nous inquiéter.Au-delà de leur alarmante popularité chez les adolescents, nous devons également nous soucier de l’empreinte environnementale de ces cigarettes électroniques jetables. Leur batterie n’est pas rechargeable et contient environ 0,15 gramme de lithium, ainsi que des métaux lourds. Ces métaux, nous les retrouvons partout, faute d’avoir trouvé le moyen de recycler les cigarettes électroniques à usage unique : celles-ci constituent donc des déchets complexes, mal collectés, mal recyclés, présents dans les sols, les nappes phréatiques et les océans.Je salue l’initiative des auteurs de la proposition de loi, à laquelle j’ai d’ailleurs souscrit, ainsi que plusieurs de mes collègues. Le groupe [GROUPE] votera pour l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316807",
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   ],
   "order": 110,
   "text": "Sans surprise, le groupe Horizons et apparentés soutiendra cette proposition de loi, car nous devons interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Derrière l’emballage coloré et le goût attractif des puffs se cache la première cause de mortalité en France : le tabagisme tue 75 000 personnes chaque année, soit 200 décès par jour.Vendues sans contrôler l’âge des acheteurs, en usant d’un marketing agressif à destination de nos jeunes, bien moins coûteuses que les cigarettes classiques, les puffs sont une bombe à retardement pour la santé de nos concitoyens et un frein à la lutte que nous menons collectivement contre le tabagisme et contre toutes les formes d’addiction.En 2022, 13 % des adolescents entre 13 et 16 ans les ont déjà essayées et, pour 28 % d’entre eux, il s’agissait de leur première consommation de nicotine. Ce chiffre prouve que les puffs sont des produits toxiques, des produits d’appel, qui ouvrent la voie à l’addiction à la nicotine et au tabac.J’espère que nous mettrons ce soir un terme à ce fléau sanitaire en suivant l’exemple de l’Allemagne, de la Belgique ou de l’Irlande, qui ont déjà interdit ces produits néfastes pour la santé et l’environnement. Car ces produits constituent aussi une aberration écologique, en totale contradiction avec les objectifs que la France s’est fixés pour réduire ses déchets.Afin de prévenir la survenue de nouvelles addictions chez les jeunes et de renforcer la régulation des nouveaux produits du tabac, notre groupe a déposé, en commission, plusieurs amendements s’inscrivant dans la continuité des lois adoptées pour lutter contre le tabagisme – paquet neutre pour les produits de vapotage, interdiction des arômes ou des sachets de nicotine. Nous sommes heureux, monsieur le ministre, de constater que ces mesures font l’objet d’une attention particulière dans le cadre du programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme. Je pense, en particulier, à celle visant à limiter les arômes utilisés dans les produits de vapotage.Les risques liés à ces nouveaux produits en appelaient à notre responsabilité collective et nous avons été à la hauteur de l’enjeu puisque ce texte transpartisan, qui a recueilli la signature de huit groupes et de bon nombre de députés, a été voté à l’unanimité en commission des affaires sociales.Je remercie les corapporteurs pour leur engagement. Nous devons relever le défi d’une génération sans tabac dès 2032. Le groupe Horizons et apparentés votera pour ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 110,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316807",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 408,
   "annotation_id": "Nab15698be876",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Sans surprise, le groupe [GROUPE] soutiendra cette proposition de loi, car nous devons interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Derrière l’emballage coloré et le goût attractif des puffs se cache la première cause de mortalité en France : le tabagisme tue 75 000 personnes chaque année, soit 200 décès par jour.Vendues sans contrôler l’âge des acheteurs, en usant d’un marketing agressif à destination de nos jeunes, bien moins coûteuses que les cigarettes classiques, les puffs sont une bombe à retardement pour la santé de nos concitoyens et un frein à la lutte que nous menons collectivement contre le tabagisme et contre toutes les formes d’addiction.En 2022, 13 % des adolescents entre 13 et 16 ans les ont déjà essayées et, pour 28 % d’entre eux, il s’agissait de leur première consommation de nicotine. Ce chiffre prouve que les puffs sont des produits toxiques, des produits d’appel, qui ouvrent la voie à l’addiction à la nicotine et au tabac.J’espère que nous mettrons ce soir un terme à ce fléau sanitaire en suivant l’exemple de l’Allemagne, de la Belgique ou de l’Irlande, qui ont déjà interdit ces produits néfastes pour la santé et l’environnement. Car ces produits constituent aussi une aberration écologique, en totale contradiction avec les objectifs que la France s’est fixés pour réduire ses déchets.Afin de prévenir la survenue de nouvelles addictions chez les jeunes et de renforcer la régulation des nouveaux produits du tabac, notre groupe a déposé, en commission, plusieurs amendements s’inscrivant dans la continuité des lois adoptées pour lutter contre le tabagisme – paquet neutre pour les produits de vapotage, interdiction des arômes ou des sachets de nicotine. Nous sommes heureux, monsieur le ministre, de constater que ces mesures font l’objet d’une attention particulière dans le cadre du programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme. Je pense, en particulier, à celle visant à limiter les arômes utilisés dans les produits de vapotage.Les risques liés à ces nouveaux produits en appelaient à notre responsabilité collective et nous avons été à la hauteur de l’enjeu puisque ce texte transpartisan, qui a recueilli la signature de huit groupes et de bon nombre de députés, a été voté à l’unanimité en commission des affaires sociales.Je remercie les corapporteurs pour leur engagement. Nous devons relever le défi d’une génération sans tabac dès 2032. Le groupe [GROUPE] votera pour ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794146",
   "speaker": "Julie Laernoes",
   "quality": "Mme Julie Laernoes (Écolo-NUPES)",
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   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3316816",
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   "order": 118,
   "text": "Les Écologistes voteront résolument pour cette proposition de loi qui vise à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Nous nous félicitons de l’inscription à l’ordre du jour de ce texte transpartisan, à l’initiative de notre groupe. Je salue en particulier le travail de ma collègue Francesca Pasquini, qui s’est investie, en tant que rapporteure, pour que ce sujet primordial de santé publique soit inscrit à l’ordre du jour, et dont l’engagement a été tel qu’il lui a permis de réunir plus de 150 signatures dans huit groupes politiques différents.Il est impossible d’échapper au phénomène des puffs, ces cigarettes électroniques jetables et colorées qui ont envahi tous les tabacs, les revendeurs, jusqu’à la grande distribution. Elles se sont d’abord immiscées dans le marché américain, avant d’infiltrer le marché français, il y a deux ans, sans que nous ne réagissions. Goût sucré, couleur criarde, facilité d’usage, ces produits sont marketés comme des bonbons, en ciblant clairement les plus jeunes. Ils sont prêts à l’emploi, ce qui facilite la création de nouvelles addictions. Pas moins de 15 % des 13-16 ans ont déjà tiré une bouffée d’une puff. Pour la moitié d’entre eux, c’était la première fois qu’ils consommaient de la nicotine.En une bouffée – en une puff –, voilà une dépendance à vie qui se crée. Comment peut-on laisser des objets aussi néfastes pour la santé entre les mains d’enfants et d’adolescents ? Interdire purement et simplement ce dispositif est un impératif éthique. Nous ne pouvons pas laisser des marques s’enrichir sur le dos des jeunes générations en faisant naître de graves dépendances. Les puffs ne sont pas simplement une menace pour la santé de tous, elles sont aussi une aberration environnementale. Elles reproduisent en effet un modèle de consommation rapide, fondé sur le jetable, qui n’est pas compatible avec les objectifs écologiques. Que l’on considère les puffs sous l’angle des déchets ou des ressources, elles sont une absurdité.Trois ans après l’adoption de la loi Agec, et alors que tout le monde convient que les dispositifs à usage unique sont une ineptie, il est aberrant que les puffs, classées parmi les déchets d’équipements électriques et électroniques, soient soustraites à la réglementation sur le recyclage des déchets. Les puffs, qui ne sont pas recyclables, sont jetées n’importe où et n’importe comment. Or elles présentent un risque non négligeable d’incendie car leur batterie est facilement inflammable.En outre, les puffs contiennent du lithium, ressource précieuse, notamment pour la fabrication des batteries de véhicules électriques. Il convient de faire preuve d’un minimum de cohérence. Nous ne pouvons pas simultanément nous inquiéter du manque de lithium pour produire des véhicules électriques et fermer les yeux sur sa présence dans les puffs ! Si vous pensez que cette utilisation est marginale, j’espère que ce chiffre vous fera réfléchir : en 2022, la quantité de lithium nécessaire à la production des puffs aurait pu permettre la fabrication de 11 000 batteries de véhicules électriques.Après les annonces décevantes du plan antitabac la semaine dernière par le Gouvernement, la présente proposition de loi présente un réel intérêt. Il convient d’interdire de toute urgence ces dispositifs qui vont à contresens de la lutte contre le tabagisme et contre les addictions et qui présentent un danger réel pour la santé publique et pour l’environnement.Pour toutes ces raisons, nous soutenons ce texte et espérons que l’Assemblée votera pour l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE et sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
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   "words": 581,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les Écologistes voteront résolument pour cette proposition de loi qui vise à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Nous nous félicitons de l’inscription à l’ordre du jour de ce texte transpartisan, à l’initiative de notre groupe. Je salue en particulier le travail de ma collègue [PERSONNE], qui s’est investie, en tant que rapporteure, pour que ce sujet primordial de santé publique soit inscrit à l’ordre du jour, et dont l’engagement a été tel qu’il lui a permis de réunir plus de 150 signatures dans huit groupes politiques différents.Il est impossible d’échapper au phénomène des puffs, ces cigarettes électroniques jetables et colorées qui ont envahi tous les tabacs, les revendeurs, jusqu’à la grande distribution. Elles se sont d’abord immiscées dans le marché américain, avant d’infiltrer le marché français, il y a deux ans, sans que nous ne réagissions. Goût sucré, couleur criarde, facilité d’usage, ces produits sont marketés comme des bonbons, en ciblant clairement les plus jeunes. Ils sont prêts à l’emploi, ce qui facilite la création de nouvelles addictions. Pas moins de 15 % des 13-16 ans ont déjà tiré une bouffée d’une puff. Pour la moitié d’entre eux, c’était la première fois qu’ils consommaient de la nicotine.En une bouffée – en une puff –, voilà une dépendance à vie qui se crée. Comment peut-on laisser des objets aussi néfastes pour la santé entre les mains d’enfants et d’adolescents ? Interdire purement et simplement ce dispositif est un impératif éthique. Nous ne pouvons pas laisser des marques s’enrichir sur le dos des jeunes générations en faisant naître de graves dépendances. Les puffs ne sont pas simplement une menace pour la santé de tous, elles sont aussi une aberration environnementale. Elles reproduisent en effet un modèle de consommation rapide, fondé sur le jetable, qui n’est pas compatible avec les objectifs écologiques. Que l’on considère les puffs sous l’angle des déchets ou des ressources, elles sont une absurdité.Trois ans après l’adoption de la loi Agec, et alors que tout le monde convient que les dispositifs à usage unique sont une ineptie, il est aberrant que les puffs, classées parmi les déchets d’équipements électriques et électroniques, soient soustraites à la réglementation sur le recyclage des déchets. Les puffs, qui ne sont pas recyclables, sont jetées n’importe où et n’importe comment. Or elles présentent un risque non négligeable d’incendie car leur batterie est facilement inflammable.En outre, les puffs contiennent du lithium, ressource précieuse, notamment pour la fabrication des batteries de véhicules électriques. Il convient de faire preuve d’un minimum de cohérence. Nous ne pouvons pas simultanément nous inquiéter du manque de lithium pour produire des véhicules électriques et fermer les yeux sur sa présence dans les puffs ! Si vous pensez que cette utilisation est marginale, j’espère que ce chiffre vous fera réfléchir : en 2022, la quantité de lithium nécessaire à la production des puffs aurait pu permettre la fabrication de 11 000 batteries de véhicules électriques.Après les annonces décevantes du plan antitabac la semaine dernière par le Gouvernement, la présente proposition de loi présente un réel intérêt. Il convient d’interdire de toute urgence ces dispositifs qui vont à contresens de la lutte contre le tabagisme et contre les addictions et qui présentent un danger réel pour la santé publique et pour l’environnement.Pour toutes ces raisons, nous soutenons ce texte et espérons que l’Assemblée votera pour l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE et sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR-NUPES)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
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   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317073",
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   "order": 127,
   "text": "Depuis leur apparition en France en 2021, les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, appelés couramment puffs, ont suscité de nombreuses réprobations de la part de l’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives, du Comité national contre le tabagisme, de l’Alliance contre le tabac et de l’Académie nationale de médecine.Une tribune signée par une vingtaine de médecins tabacologues et militants écologistes, parue dans Le Monde le 30 avril dernier, dénonçait le fléau environnemental et sanitaire que représentent ces cigarettes électroniques à usage unique spécifiquement élaborées pour attirer les adolescents, avec un emballage attractif, des saveurs sucrées et fruitées et un prix relativement faible. Disponibles chez les buralistes, ainsi que dans la grande distribution ou sur internet, les puffs ont rapidement séduit un public jeune et insuffisamment conscient de la dépendance qu’elles instaurent tant à la nicotine qu’à la gestuelle du fumeur. Il est ainsi démontré qu’elles constituent une porte d’entrée vers le vapotage durable et vers le tabac.Sur le plan environnemental, la situation n’est pas meilleure. Plastique, lithium, métaux lourds : les composants non biodégradables et non recyclables des vapoteuses jetables ont des effets certains sur l’environnement, tout particulièrement en matière de pollution de l’eau et des sols.Que les députés décident de réagir en tenant compte des alertes lancées par les différentes études menées sur le sujet est une bonne chose. Les députés communistes et ultramarins du groupe GDR voteront pour la proposition de loi.Toutefois, l’interdiction des puffs ne doit pas nous conduire à délaisser d’autres problèmes, parmi lesquels ceux liés aux réseaux sociaux, qui contribuent très largement à la promotion de ce type de dispositifs auprès des jeunes. (« Exactement ! » sur certains bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)D’autre part, les cigarettes électroniques jetables et les sachets de nicotine, évoqués en commission, sont au cœur de la stratégie des industriels du secteur du tabac. (Applaudissements sur certains bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Philip Morris aspire ainsi à réaliser la moitié de son chiffre d’affaires au moyen de la vente de produits sans fumée en 2025. Ces dispositifs représentent la marque un moyen de contrer la baisse des ventes de cigarettes traditionnelles dans de nombreux pays occidentaux ; c’est aussi un levier pour la promotion du tabac lui-même. British American Tobacco aurait ainsi dépensé plus de 1 milliard d’euros pour promouvoir ses produits sans tabac sur les réseaux sociaux, selon une enquête du Guardian publiée en 2021.Reste aussi en suspens la question cruciale de la politique de prévention des addictions et d’accompagnement des personnes souffrant d’addiction, qu’elle soit au tabac, à l’alcool, aux jeux en ligne ou aux écrans. Cette réflexion, nous aurions souhaité la mener dans le cadre du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS), mais, comme chacun le sait, ce n’est désormais plus permis.Nous pensons que si le législateur doit interdire des dispositifs dont le danger est avéré, il doit également mieux encadrer les logiques marchandes peu soucieuses de la santé publique et de l’environnement, ainsi qu’améliorer la prévention et la réparation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES, ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317073",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 514,
   "annotation_id": "Ndce9b63deab5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEIMQSV",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis leur apparition en France en 2021, les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, appelés couramment puffs, ont suscité de nombreuses réprobations de la part de l’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives, du Comité national contre le tabagisme, de l’Alliance contre le tabac et de l’Académie nationale de médecine.Une tribune signée par une vingtaine de médecins tabacologues et militants écologistes, parue dans Le Monde le 30 avril dernier, dénonçait le fléau environnemental et sanitaire que représentent ces cigarettes électroniques à usage unique spécifiquement élaborées pour attirer les adolescents, avec un emballage attractif, des saveurs sucrées et fruitées et un prix relativement faible. Disponibles chez les buralistes, ainsi que dans la grande distribution ou sur internet, les puffs ont rapidement séduit un public jeune et insuffisamment conscient de la dépendance qu’elles instaurent tant à la nicotine qu’à la gestuelle du fumeur. Il est ainsi démontré qu’elles constituent une porte d’entrée vers le vapotage durable et vers le tabac.Sur le plan environnemental, la situation n’est pas meilleure. Plastique, lithium, métaux lourds : les composants non biodégradables et non recyclables des vapoteuses jetables ont des effets certains sur l’environnement, tout particulièrement en matière de pollution de l’eau et des sols.Que les députés décident de réagir en tenant compte des alertes lancées par les différentes études menées sur le sujet est une bonne chose. Les députés communistes et ultramarins du groupe [GROUPE] voteront pour la proposition de loi.Toutefois, l’interdiction des puffs ne doit pas nous conduire à délaisser d’autres problèmes, parmi lesquels ceux liés aux réseaux sociaux, qui contribuent très largement à la promotion de ce type de dispositifs auprès des jeunes. (« Exactement ! » sur certains bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)D’autre part, les cigarettes électroniques jetables et les sachets de nicotine, évoqués en commission, sont au cœur de la stratégie des industriels du secteur du tabac. (Applaudissements sur certains bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Philip Morris aspire ainsi à réaliser la moitié de son chiffre d’affaires au moyen de la vente de produits sans fumée en 2025. Ces dispositifs représentent la marque un moyen de contrer la baisse des ventes de cigarettes traditionnelles dans de nombreux pays occidentaux ; c’est aussi un levier pour la promotion du tabac lui-même. British American Tobacco aurait ainsi dépensé plus de 1 milliard d’euros pour promouvoir ses produits sans tabac sur les réseaux sociaux, selon une enquête du Guardian publiée en 2021.Reste aussi en suspens la question cruciale de la politique de prévention des addictions et d’accompagnement des personnes souffrant d’addiction, qu’elle soit au tabac, à l’alcool, aux jeux en ligne ou aux écrans. Cette réflexion, nous aurions souhaité la mener dans le cadre du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS), mais, comme chacun le sait, ce n’est désormais plus permis.Nous pensons que si le législateur doit interdire des dispositifs dont le danger est avéré, il doit également mieux encadrer les logiques marchandes peu soucieuses de la santé publique et de l’environnement, ainsi qu’améliorer la prévention et la réparation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
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   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
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   ],
   "order": 136,
   "text": "Notre groupe soutient l’interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, convaincu que le principe de précaution doit s’appliquer. Nous avons conscience que le rapport bénéfices-risques est encore mal connu. Les études à notre disposition ne permettent pas de conclure à la plus forte toxicité de ces dispositifs comparativement à la cigarette ou à d’autres produits du tabac, mais elles ne permettent pas d’exclure qu’ils aient des effets négatifs sur la santé. Surtout, elles montrent que les puffs ne permettent pas le sevrage. Dire qu’elles sont une alternative moins nocive au tabac ne suffit pas à en faire un produit de substitution. Elles ne doivent pas être un outil de la politique de lutte contre le tabagisme, comme c’est le cas dans certains pays. Le pire – c’est le principal argument qui doit motiver leur interdiction –, c’est qu’elles peuvent avoir un effet d’entraînement, au point que l’Alliance contre le tabac les considère comme des prédateurs de la jeunesse.Le marketing est clairement ciblé sur les jeunes, y compris les mineurs – en dépit de l’interdiction –, avec des produits colorés et des goûts attractifs, voire enfantins, le tout accompagné de messages vantant leur moindre toxicité, voire leur non-toxicité, messages contre-productifs pour la lutte contre le tabagisme.Dernier argument en faveur de l’interdiction : l’impact écologique avéré des produits à usage unique, qui contiennent des composants toxiques pour l’environnement.Le groupe LIOT soutiendra la proposition de loi, mais regrette que le texte n’ait pas été au-delà de la seule interdiction des puffs. Nous avions proposé en commission de mettre en œuvre les recommandations de l’Opecst, comme l’utilisation d’emballages neutres pour les produits de vapotage ou l’interdiction des arômes dits pièges à enfant pour les cigarettes électroniques. Nous prenons bonne note de votre engagement à le faire, monsieur le ministre, mais à quelle échéance ? Nous avions également suggéré d’améliorer l’information, notamment à destination des plus jeunes. Il faut combattre l’idée que les dispositifs de vapotage sont moins nocifs pour la santé sous prétexte qu’ils contiennent peu ou pas de nicotine. Nous regrettons que cette proposition n’ait pas été retenue.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 136,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317082",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 347,
   "annotation_id": "N21b1768e869c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQSV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Notre groupe soutient l’interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, convaincu que le principe de précaution doit s’appliquer. Nous avons conscience que le rapport bénéfices-risques est encore mal connu. Les études à notre disposition ne permettent pas de conclure à la plus forte toxicité de ces dispositifs comparativement à la cigarette ou à d’autres produits du tabac, mais elles ne permettent pas d’exclure qu’ils aient des effets négatifs sur la santé. Surtout, elles montrent que les puffs ne permettent pas le sevrage. Dire qu’elles sont une alternative moins nocive au tabac ne suffit pas à en faire un produit de substitution. Elles ne doivent pas être un outil de la politique de lutte contre le tabagisme, comme c’est le cas dans certains pays. Le pire – c’est le principal argument qui doit motiver leur interdiction –, c’est qu’elles peuvent avoir un effet d’entraînement, au point que l’Alliance contre le tabac les considère comme des prédateurs de la jeunesse.Le marketing est clairement ciblé sur les jeunes, y compris les mineurs – en dépit de l’interdiction –, avec des produits colorés et des goûts attractifs, voire enfantins, le tout accompagné de messages vantant leur moindre toxicité, voire leur non-toxicité, messages contre-productifs pour la lutte contre le tabagisme.Dernier argument en faveur de l’interdiction : l’impact écologique avéré des produits à usage unique, qui contiennent des composants toxiques pour l’environnement.Le groupe LIOT soutiendra la proposition de loi, mais regrette que le texte n’ait pas été au-delà de la seule interdiction des puffs. Nous avions proposé en commission de mettre en œuvre les recommandations de l’Opecst, comme l’utilisation d’emballages neutres pour les produits de vapotage ou l’interdiction des arômes dits pièges à enfant pour les cigarettes électroniques. Nous prenons bonne note de votre engagement à le faire, monsieur le ministre, mais à quelle échéance ? Nous avions également suggéré d’améliorer l’information, notamment à destination des plus jeunes. Il faut combattre l’idée que les dispositifs de vapotage sont moins nocifs pour la santé sous prétexte qu’ils contiennent peu ou pas de nicotine. Nous regrettons que cette proposition n’ait pas été retenue."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317089",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3317089"
   ],
   "order": 141,
   "text": "Le plan antitabac présenté la semaine dernière doit intégrer ces aspects et mieux anticiper l’avènement de nouveaux produits, comme le tabac à chauffer, le tabac à mâcher ou à priser ou les sachets de nicotine. Nous devons renforcer notre action à destination des fumeurs pour les aider à arrêter le tabac et mieux les accompagner. Gardons en tête que le tabagisme est la première cause de mortalité évitable en France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 141,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317089",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N6b886c2c5ca1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le plan antitabac présenté la semaine dernière doit intégrer ces aspects et mieux anticiper l’avènement de nouveaux produits, comme le tabac à chauffer, le tabac à mâcher ou à priser ou les sachets de nicotine. Nous devons renforcer notre action à destination des fumeurs pour les aider à arrêter le tabac et mieux les accompagner. Gardons en tête que le tabagisme est la première cause de mortalité évitable en France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795722",
   "speaker": "Karl Olive",
   "quality": "M. Karl Olive (RE)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317091",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3317091"
   ],
   "order": 143,
   "text": "Enfin ! Après un an de travail, la proposition de loi transpartisane visant à interdire les dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique, dits puffs, va être adoptée. Il s’agit d’une avancée majeure, qui montrera la voie à nos voisins européens.Le fléau des cigarettes électroniques jetables est préoccupant pour les adolescents et pour l’environnement. Les puffs sont une nouvelle porte d’entrée dans la dépendance à la nicotine et aux produits du tabac. Le marketing, le goût – malabar, carambar, fraise tagada, pastèque givrée –,…",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 143,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317091",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "Ndb67bc5cd370",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin ! Après un an de travail, la proposition de loi transpartisane visant à interdire les dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique, dits puffs, va être adoptée. Il s’agit d’une avancée majeure, qui montrera la voie à nos voisins européens.Le fléau des cigarettes électroniques jetables est préoccupant pour les adolescents et pour l’environnement. Les puffs sont une nouvelle porte d’entrée dans la dépendance à la nicotine et aux produits du tabac. Le marketing, le goût – malabar, carambar, fraise tagada, pastèque givrée –,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795722",
   "speaker": "Karl Olive",
   "quality": "M. Karl Olive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317094",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3317094"
   ],
   "order": 146,
   "text": "…la couleur des paquets, les publicités illégales sur les réseaux sociaux visent principalement les adolescents. On voit des collégiens, parfois même des écoliers, y succomber et vapoter des puffs devant les grilles des établissements – par exemple à Poissy. C’est préoccupant car les puffs contiennent des taux de nicotine beaucoup trop importants pour des cerveaux en formation, ainsi que des produits chimiques, du lithium, du plastique. Plus de 1 million de puffs sont jetées chaque semaine sans qu’on puisse les recycler. Dans toutes les circonscriptions, on les retrouve dans la nature, sur les plages, dans les parcs, dans les rivières.Au cours des derniers mois, une prise de conscience s’est opérée parmi les acteurs français. Acteurs du vapotage, buralistes, associations environnementales, médecins, Gouvernement : tous ont exprimé, publiquement ou lors des auditions, leur mobilisation contre ce dispositif. La proposition de loi bénéficie d’un soutien unanime.Les puffs sont une nouvelle porte d’entrée vers le tabac, cette industrie de la dépendance, cette industrie de la mort. On ne le rappellera jamais assez : le tabagisme fait 75 000 morts chaque année dans notre pays et 200 morts par jour. Derrière ces statistiques, ce sont autant de personnes, de vies, de familles brisées et endeuillées.Permettez-moi d’évoquer brièvement l’histoire d’une de ces victimes : Philippe, fumeur depuis son adolescence. D’abord une taffe, puis une clope, puis un paquet, puis une cartouche : il est devenu addict à la nicotine et aux différents poisons contenus dans ces cigarettes qu’il consommait chaque jour depuis tant d’années. Philippe est mort trop tôt : il avait 46 ans. Philippe était mon frère aîné. J’ai été témoin personnellement des ravages de cette industrie sur nos vies. Voilà pourquoi je la combats de toutes mes forces.De nombreux adolescents succombent à cause d’elle, du fait de la consommation de cigarettes traditionnelles ou de nouveaux produits tels que les puffs. Je le rappelle : 15 % des ados ont déjà consommé des puffs ; 47 % ont été initiés à la nicotine par leur intermédiaire ou par celui des sachets ou des billes de nicotine, qui peuvent in fine conduire aux produits du tabac. Il s’agit d’un tremplin nocif, suivi d’une descente inéluctable aux enfers.Cette proposition de loi transpartisane s’inscrit dans le prolongement du programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme présenté la semaine dernière par M. Aurélien Rousseau, ministre de la santé et de la prévention, que je salue. Ce premier pas devra être suivi d’autres textes. Nous devons réfléchir collectivement à la lutte contre les autres nouveaux produits contenant de la nicotine, comme les sachets de nicotine ou les billes de nicotine, ainsi qu’à la vente en ligne et au contrôle de l’âge, de manière à atteindre l’objectif d’une génération sans tabac. Ne soyons pas dupes de ce qui se joue, ne prenons pas de retard dans ce combat.Les règles européennes nous obligent à avancer progressivement, mais je ne doute pas que ce premier pas nous incitera à poursuivre de manière transpartisane la lutte contre les autres produits. Je ne doute pas non plus que le Gouvernement apportera son soutien aux travaux parlementaires à venir afin que nous puissions atteindre l’objectif d’une génération sans tabac.Avant le vote du texte et, je l’espère, son adoption unanime, je tiens à remercier les rapporteurs Francesca Pasquini et Michel Lauzzana, ainsi que Bruno Studer, pour la qualité des échanges et des travaux que nous menons depuis plusieurs mois. Merci aussi à l’ensemble de nos collègues pour la rigueur et l’excellence avec lesquelles ils ont conduit l’examen de la proposition de loi jusqu’au vote de ce soir.Nous ne ferons preuve d’aucune mansuétude envers l’industrie du tabac. La proposition de loi bénéficiera du soutien unanime du groupe Renaissance. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE et sur les bancs des commissions. – M. Philippe Bolo applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 146,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317094",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 630,
   "annotation_id": "Nbba3a1e7813b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILPQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…la couleur des paquets, les publicités illégales sur les réseaux sociaux visent principalement les adolescents. On voit des collégiens, parfois même des écoliers, y succomber et vapoter des puffs devant les grilles des établissements – par exemple à Poissy. C’est préoccupant car les puffs contiennent des taux de nicotine beaucoup trop importants pour des cerveaux en formation, ainsi que des produits chimiques, du lithium, du plastique. Plus de 1 million de puffs sont jetées chaque semaine sans qu’on puisse les recycler. Dans toutes les circonscriptions, on les retrouve dans la nature, sur les plages, dans les parcs, dans les rivières.Au cours des derniers mois, une prise de conscience s’est opérée parmi les acteurs français. Acteurs du vapotage, buralistes, associations environnementales, médecins, Gouvernement : tous ont exprimé, publiquement ou lors des auditions, leur mobilisation contre ce dispositif. La proposition de loi bénéficie d’un soutien unanime.Les puffs sont une nouvelle porte d’entrée vers le tabac, cette industrie de la dépendance, cette industrie de la mort. On ne le rappellera jamais assez : le tabagisme fait 75 000 morts chaque année dans notre pays et 200 morts par jour. Derrière ces statistiques, ce sont autant de personnes, de vies, de familles brisées et endeuillées.Permettez-moi d’évoquer brièvement l’histoire d’une de ces victimes : Philippe, fumeur depuis son adolescence. D’abord une taffe, puis une clope, puis un paquet, puis une cartouche : il est devenu addict à la nicotine et aux différents poisons contenus dans ces cigarettes qu’il consommait chaque jour depuis tant d’années. Philippe est mort trop tôt : il avait 46 ans. Philippe était mon frère aîné. J’ai été témoin personnellement des ravages de cette industrie sur nos vies. Voilà pourquoi je la combats de toutes mes forces.De nombreux adolescents succombent à cause d’elle, du fait de la consommation de cigarettes traditionnelles ou de nouveaux produits tels que les puffs. Je le rappelle : 15 % des ados ont déjà consommé des puffs ; 47 % ont été initiés à la nicotine par leur intermédiaire ou par celui des sachets ou des billes de nicotine, qui peuvent in fine conduire aux produits du tabac. Il s’agit d’un tremplin nocif, suivi d’une descente inéluctable aux enfers.Cette proposition de loi transpartisane s’inscrit dans le prolongement du programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme présenté la semaine dernière par M. [PERSONNE], ministre de la santé et de la prévention, que je salue. Ce premier pas devra être suivi d’autres textes. Nous devons réfléchir collectivement à la lutte contre les autres nouveaux produits contenant de la nicotine, comme les sachets de nicotine ou les billes de nicotine, ainsi qu’à la vente en ligne et au contrôle de l’âge, de manière à atteindre l’objectif d’une génération sans tabac. Ne soyons pas dupes de ce qui se joue, ne prenons pas de retard dans ce combat.Les règles européennes nous obligent à avancer progressivement, mais je ne doute pas que ce premier pas nous incitera à poursuivre de manière transpartisane la lutte contre les autres produits. Je ne doute pas non plus que le Gouvernement apportera son soutien aux travaux parlementaires à venir afin que nous puissions atteindre l’objectif d’une génération sans tabac.Avant le vote du texte et, je l’espère, son adoption unanime, je tiens à remercier les rapporteurs [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], ainsi que [PERSONNE], pour la qualité des échanges et des travaux que nous menons depuis plusieurs mois. Merci aussi à l’ensemble de nos collègues pour la rigueur et l’excellence avec lesquelles ils ont conduit l’examen de la proposition de loi jusqu’au vote de ce soir.Nous ne ferons preuve d’aucune mansuétude envers l’industrie du tabac. La proposition de loi bénéficiera du soutien unanime du groupe [GROUPE]. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE et sur les bancs des commissions. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793696",
   "speaker": "Serge Muller",
   "quality": "M. Serge Muller (RN)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317104",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3317104"
   ],
   "order": 156,
   "text": "Vendues au prix attractif d’environ 8 euros l’unité, les puffs sont des minicigarettes électroniques et jetables, non rechargeables, aux arômes sucrés ou fruités – fraise, banane, bonbon, j’en passe et des meilleures – et aux emballages colorés. Popularisées en France au moyen des réseaux sociaux tels que TikTok ou Instagram, elles sont à la mode chez les adolescents. En 2022, l’Alliance contre le tabac indiquait que 13 % des adolescents âgés de 13 à 16 ans en avaient déjà utilisé une et que pour 28 % d’entre eux, il s’agissait de leur première consommation de nicotine.Vapoter des puffs est mauvais pour la santé et pour l’environnement. La plupart d’entre elles contiennent de la nicotine – une puff équivaut en moyenne à quarante cigarettes. Or les jeunes sont particulièrement vulnérables à la nicotine en raison de ses effets sur le développement de leur cerveau. L’accoutumance à la nicotine est par ailleurs la porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme.Enfin, l’empreinte environnementale des puffs est importante. Les consignes de tri, qui indiquent que les puffs doivent être jetées à la déchetterie ou dans les boîtes destinées aux piles usagées ou aux déchets électroniques, sont peu ou pas respectées.Plusieurs pays, comme la Nouvelle-Zélande, l’Allemagne, la Belgique ou le Royaume-Uni, ont interdit ou envisagent d’interdire la commercialisation des puffs ; d’autres – l’Islande, les Pays-Bas, le Danemark – en restreignent les arômes.Le Rassemblement national se félicite de l’adoption à l’unanimité en commission de la proposition de loi visant à interdire les puffs dans notre pays. Nous saluons cette décision importante pour la santé de nos enfants et pour l’environnement. Notre groupe votera pour ce texte avec volontarisme et responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 156,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317104",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 280,
   "annotation_id": "Nfbab6758b2f5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Vendues au prix attractif d’environ 8 euros l’unité, les puffs sont des minicigarettes électroniques et jetables, non rechargeables, aux arômes sucrés ou fruités – fraise, banane, bonbon, j’en passe et des meilleures – et aux emballages colorés. Popularisées en France au moyen des réseaux sociaux tels que TikTok ou Instagram, elles sont à la mode chez les adolescents. En 2022, l’Alliance contre le tabac indiquait que 13 % des adolescents âgés de 13 à 16 ans en avaient déjà utilisé une et que pour 28 % d’entre eux, il s’agissait de leur première consommation de nicotine.Vapoter des puffs est mauvais pour la santé et pour l’environnement. La plupart d’entre elles contiennent de la nicotine – une puff équivaut en moyenne à quarante cigarettes. Or les jeunes sont particulièrement vulnérables à la nicotine en raison de ses effets sur le développement de leur cerveau. L’accoutumance à la nicotine est par ailleurs la porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme.Enfin, l’empreinte environnementale des puffs est importante. Les consignes de tri, qui indiquent que les puffs doivent être jetées à la déchetterie ou dans les boîtes destinées aux piles usagées ou aux déchets électroniques, sont peu ou pas respectées.Plusieurs pays, comme la Nouvelle-Zélande, l’Allemagne, la Belgique ou le Royaume-Uni, ont interdit ou envisagent d’interdire la commercialisation des puffs ; d’autres – l’Islande, les Pays-Bas, le Danemark – en restreignent les arômes.Le [GROUPE] se félicite de l’adoption à l’unanimité en commission de la proposition de loi visant à interdire les puffs dans notre pays. Nous saluons cette décision importante pour la santé de nos enfants et pour l’environnement. Notre groupe votera pour ce texte avec volontarisme et responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317130",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3317130"
   ],
   "order": 168,
   "text": "Monsieur Viry, vous avez soulevé à juste titre un problème important : la situation des buralistes. Lorsque M. Darmanin était ministre de l’action et des comptes publics, nous avions ébauché avec lui une réflexion sur la reconversion des buralistes vers des activités multiservices. Leur accompagnement est de toute évidence nécessaire dans le cadre du nouveau programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme.Monsieur Colombani, le rejet des amendements de votre groupe par la commission a été un crève-cœur. Ils étaient tout à fait bienvenus, tout comme ceux du groupe Horizons et apparentés, évoqués par M. Christophe. Si nous les avons repoussés, c’était pour ne pas fragiliser la proposition de loi. (M. Paul Christophe acquiesce.) Celle-ci sera notifiée à la Commission européenne et nous voulons qu’elle entre en vigueur le plus rapidement possible. Il était important de nous cantonner aux puffs.Merci à tous, chers collègues, d’avoir permis l’adoption de cette proposition de loi transpartisane ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 168,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317130",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 160,
   "annotation_id": "N8132614d811b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Viry, vous avez soulevé à juste titre un problème important : la situation des buralistes. Lorsque M. Darmanin était ministre de l’action et des comptes publics, nous avions ébauché avec lui une réflexion sur la reconversion des buralistes vers des activités multiservices. Leur accompagnement est de toute évidence nécessaire dans le cadre du nouveau programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme.Monsieur Colombani, le rejet des amendements de votre groupe par la commission a été un crève-cœur. Ils étaient tout à fait bienvenus, tout comme ceux du groupe [GROUPE], évoqués par M. Christophe. Si nous les avons repoussés, c’était pour ne pas fragiliser la proposition de loi. (M. [PERSONNE] acquiesce.) Celle-ci sera notifiée à la Commission européenne et nous voulons qu’elle entre en vigueur le plus rapidement possible. Il était important de nous cantonner aux puffs.Merci à tous, chers collègues, d’avoir permis l’adoption de cette proposition de loi transpartisane ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "rapporteure",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317134",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3317134"
   ],
   "order": 172,
   "text": "Je vous remercie à mon tour, chers collègues, d’avoir adopté cette proposition de loi à l’unanimité. Je tiens à remercier M. le ministre de la santé et de la prévention, mon collègue rapporteur Michel Lauzzana, ainsi que nos collègues Bruno Studer et Karl Olive, qui ont contribué au succès du texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 172,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317134",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "Nb56d6af3f650",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie à mon tour, chers collègues, d’avoir adopté cette proposition de loi à l’unanimité. Je tiens à remercier M. le ministre de la santé et de la prévention, mon collègue rapporteur [PERSONNE], ainsi que nos collègues [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], qui ont contribué au succès du texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074",
   "date": "2023-12-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS27898",
   "title": "Troisième séance du lundi 04 décembre 2023",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3f464b7386ac1d771187c2424b185b48712ef127d7bc8fc3254b736ff269fe89",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "rapporteure",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317136",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3317136"
   ],
   "order": 174,
   "text": "Je tiens également à remercier le groupe Écologiste et tous les collègues de la NUPES de m’avoir soutenue. Mes remerciements vont aussi à M. Benoît Rinnert, administrateur de la commission des affaires sociales, et aux collaborateurs qui ont travaillé sur le texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 174,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N074-3317136",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N154462ce536a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens également à remercier le groupe [GROUPE] et tous les collègues de la [GROUPE] de m’avoir soutenue. Mes remerciements vont aussi à M. Benoît Rinnert, administrateur de la commission des affaires sociales, et aux collaborateurs qui ont travaillé sur le texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426290",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426290"
   ],
   "order": 12,
   "text": "Les députés du groupe La France insoumise demandent l’instauration d’un moratoire sur la construction ou l’extension de toute entreprise utilisant, produisant ou rejetant des substances perfluoroalkylées ou polyfluoroalkylées, des Pfas, ces « polluants éternels » qui s’accumulent dans les organismes vivants et dans le milieu naturel. On parle de 5 000 à 12 000 composés chimiques différents, qui auraient la faculté de se déplacer extrêmement vite, notamment dans l’eau. Le phénomène de la bioamplification, par lequel un polluant se diffuse parmi les organismes vivants de toute une chaîne alimentaire, explique que nous ayons même retrouvé des Pfas dans le sang d’ours polaires.Les polluants éternels constituent une menace pour toute la biodiversité, y compris pour les êtres humains. Une enquête de 2023 a révélé la présence de 900 sites français pollués aux Pfas, dont 108 considérés comme des « hot spots de contamination », dangereux pour la santé humaine. La plupart sont des sites industriels. La situation est particulièrement criante dans la Vallée de la chimie, près de Lyon : un article du Monde indiquait récemment que ce site était sans doute le plus pollué d’Europe aux Pfas du fait de la présence d’entreprises comme Arkema et Daikin, qui en produisent. Il y a quelques semaines, l’entreprise Daikin a pourtant obtenu l’autorisation d’étendre son usine à Pierre-Bénite. C’est incroyable étant donné l’urgence de la situation ! Pierre Labadie, chercheur du Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), a lui-même souligné, au sujet de la pollution aux Pfas, que nous ne voyons qu’un petit bout de l’iceberg. Ces polluants s’accumulent dans notre environnement. Selon l’association Générations futures, ils risquent d’y être encore présents dans cent ans, compte tenu du coût de la dépollution.Le moins que nous puissions faire, dans une telle situation, est de décréter une pause et d’interrompre la production de nouvelles Pfas. Tel est le sens du moratoire que nous proposons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "62",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 12,
   "amendments": [
    "62"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426290",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 318,
   "annotation_id": "Nd54a0993908f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BESV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] demandent l’instauration d’un moratoire sur la construction ou l’extension de toute entreprise utilisant, produisant ou rejetant des substances perfluoroalkylées ou polyfluoroalkylées, des Pfas, ces « polluants éternels » qui s’accumulent dans les organismes vivants et dans le milieu naturel. On parle de 5 000 à 12 000 composés chimiques différents, qui auraient la faculté de se déplacer extrêmement vite, notamment dans l’eau. Le phénomène de la bioamplification, par lequel un polluant se diffuse parmi les organismes vivants de toute une chaîne alimentaire, explique que nous ayons même retrouvé des Pfas dans le sang d’ours polaires.Les polluants éternels constituent une menace pour toute la biodiversité, y compris pour les êtres humains. Une enquête de 2023 a révélé la présence de 900 sites français pollués aux Pfas, dont 108 considérés comme des « hot spots de contamination », dangereux pour la santé humaine. La plupart sont des sites industriels. La situation est particulièrement criante dans la Vallée de la chimie, près de Lyon : un article du Monde indiquait récemment que ce site était sans doute le plus pollué d’Europe aux Pfas du fait de la présence d’entreprises comme Arkema et Daikin, qui en produisent. Il y a quelques semaines, l’entreprise Daikin a pourtant obtenu l’autorisation d’étendre son usine à Pierre-Bénite. C’est incroyable étant donné l’urgence de la situation ! Pierre Labadie, chercheur du Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), a lui-même souligné, au sujet de la pollution aux Pfas, que nous ne voyons qu’un petit bout de l’iceberg. Ces polluants s’accumulent dans notre environnement. Selon l’association Générations futures, ils risquent d’y être encore présents dans cent ans, compte tenu du coût de la dépollution.Le moins que nous puissions faire, dans une telle situation, est de décréter une pause et d’interrompre la production de nouvelles Pfas. Tel est le sens du moratoire que nous proposons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué chargé de l’industrie et de l’énergie",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426296",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426296"
   ],
   "order": 18,
   "text": "S’agissant des ours polaires, que vous avez cités à maintes reprises, permettez-moi de vous dire que votre moratoire ne leur sera d’aucun secours ! Les Pfas sont des polluants locaux et le fait que la France décide un moratoire sur les nouvelles installations industrielles ne changera rien pour eux.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 18,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426296",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "Nf969ee3056ba",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "S’agissant des ours polaires, que vous avez cités à maintes reprises, permettez-moi de vous dire que votre moratoire ne leur sera d’aucun secours ! Les Pfas sont des polluants locaux et le fait que la France décide un moratoire sur les nouvelles installations industrielles ne changera rien pour eux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426343",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426343"
   ],
   "order": 26,
   "text": "Puis-je m’exprimer ?Votre amendement conduirait, par exemple, à ce que les batteries des véhicules électriques – ces véhicules que nous souhaitons voir rouler partout en France et en Europe dans les prochaines années – soient fabriquées ailleurs que dans notre pays.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 26,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426343",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N5563fc9b2b24",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Puis-je m’exprimer ?Votre amendement conduirait, par exemple, à ce que les batteries des véhicules électriques – ces véhicules que nous souhaitons voir rouler partout en France et en Europe dans les prochaines années – soient fabriquées ailleurs que dans notre pays."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426304",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426304"
   ],
   "order": 29,
   "text": "Ou alors vous voulez que nous arrêtions de rouler avec des voitures électriques sur les routes de France ? Choisissez ! Sans extension des lignes de production autorisées par la direction régionale sur la base de critères très contraignants en matière de rejets industriels, les batteries électriques seront produites à l’étranger. Nous serons extrêmement verts, mais aussi extrêmement pauvres. Je ne suis pas sûr que la France s’en porte mieux. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 29,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426304",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 72,
   "annotation_id": "N3fbbf5ac92a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ou alors vous voulez que nous arrêtions de rouler avec des voitures électriques sur les routes de France ? Choisissez ! Sans extension des lignes de production autorisées par la direction régionale sur la base de critères très contraignants en matière de rejets industriels, les batteries électriques seront produites à l’étranger. Nous serons extrêmement verts, mais aussi extrêmement pauvres. Je ne suis pas sûr que la France s’en porte mieux. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426308",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426308"
   ],
   "order": 35,
   "text": "Pour chaque tuyau, il y a des joints, des vannes et des récipients. Vous voulez instaurer un moratoire sur toute industrie qui utilise des Pfas. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Je ne fais que lire votre amendement, ou alors je n’ai pas compris… (M. Louis Boyard applaudit.) La mesure que vous proposez revient à interdire la fabrication de tout tuyau, de tout joint, de toute vanne, de tout récipient. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 35,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426308",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "N2e9d47b6758b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour chaque tuyau, il y a des joints, des vannes et des récipients. Vous voulez instaurer un moratoire sur toute industrie qui utilise des Pfas. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je ne fais que lire votre amendement, ou alors je n’ai pas compris… (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) La mesure que vous proposez revient à interdire la fabrication de tout tuyau, de tout joint, de toute vanne, de tout récipient. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426313",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426313"
   ],
   "order": 43,
   "text": "J’insiste une nouvelle fois : il faut cibler les monomères, qui sont toxiques, et non les polymères, qui sont partout, notamment dans l’industrie. Non seulement le moratoire que vous proposez nuirait à l’industrie, mais il empêcherait de fabriquer n’importe quel conduit, par exemple de chauffage.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 43,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426313",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "Nf32e01bc4029",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’insiste une nouvelle fois : il faut cibler les monomères, qui sont toxiques, et non les polymères, qui sont partout, notamment dans l’industrie. Non seulement le moratoire que vous proposez nuirait à l’industrie, mais il empêcherait de fabriquer n’importe quel conduit, par exemple de chauffage."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426323",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426323"
   ],
   "order": 57,
   "text": "Force est de constater, après avoir relu l’amendement, que sa portée dépasse de très loin la question des Pfas. Je vous demande de le retirer ; à défaut, mon avis sera défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 57,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426323",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N419f388dad57",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Force est de constater, après avoir relu l’amendement, que sa portée dépasse de très loin la question des Pfas. Je vous demande de le retirer ; à défaut, mon avis sera défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426327",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426327"
   ],
   "order": 61,
   "text": "J’appelle cependant tous ceux qui nous regardent à être attentifs aux votes des groupes de la majorité, qui font tout leur possible pour vider le texte de son contenu, et qui vont sans doute continuer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3426288",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 61,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426327",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N0a4cbfd7924d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’appelle cependant tous ceux qui nous regardent à être attentifs aux votes des groupes de la majorité, qui font tout leur possible pour vider le texte de son contenu, et qui vont sans doute continuer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426333",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426333"
   ],
   "order": 67,
   "text": "Je serai bref, par respect pour cette niche parlementaire, mais je veux dire quelques mots sur cet article important.Permettez-moi toutefois de revenir un instant sur la portée de l’amendement précédent. Vous avez décrié le professeur Isaac-Sibille, mais la mesure que vous proposiez interdisait purement et simplement la construction de toute nouvelle usine en France au cours des cent prochaines années ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 67,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426333",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N0e5d46876807",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je serai bref, par respect pour cette niche parlementaire, mais je veux dire quelques mots sur cet article important.Permettez-moi toutefois de revenir un instant sur la portée de l’amendement précédent. Vous avez décrié le professeur Isaac-Sibille, mais la mesure que vous proposiez interdisait purement et simplement la construction de toute nouvelle usine en France au cours des cent prochaines années ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426337",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426337"
   ],
   "order": 71,
   "text": "Je tenais à cette précision, mais, en effet, avançons !L’article 1er bis, qui est très important, est un ajout du groupe Renaissance et plus généralement de la majorité. Il fait le lien avec l’amendement du docteur Isaac-Sibille qui a été retiré. Il vise à mettre fin aux rejets d’eau polluée dans les cours d’eau. L’objectif fixé par la majorité est très ambitieux.Monsieur le rapporteur, je m’exprime sous votre contrôle : en commission, vous avez malheureusement émis un avis défavorable sur l’amendement correspondant no CD70, et vous avez voté contre lui. Je ne veux pas que, dans la suite de la discussion, vous ne dénaturiez les dispositions de l’amendement no 75, ou que vous changiez votre fusil d’épaule en proposant l’adoption d’une mesure encore plus exigeante.L’article 1er bis vise à obliger les usines qui déversent actuellement des Pfas dans les cours d’eau à mettre fin à ces rejets dans les cinq ans. Cette échéance et cet objectif nous semblent adéquats afin d’avancer dans la protection de l’environnement et de la santé humaine.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 71,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426337",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 171,
   "annotation_id": "N60c2df74f35c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tenais à cette précision, mais, en effet, avançons !L’article 1er bis, qui est très important, est un ajout du groupe [GROUPE] et plus généralement de la majorité. Il fait le lien avec l’amendement du docteur Isaac-Sibille qui a été retiré. Il vise à mettre fin aux rejets d’eau polluée dans les cours d’eau. L’objectif fixé par la majorité est très ambitieux.Monsieur le rapporteur, je m’exprime sous votre contrôle : en commission, vous avez malheureusement émis un avis défavorable sur l’amendement correspondant no CD70, et vous avez voté contre lui. Je ne veux pas que, dans la suite de la discussion, vous ne dénaturiez les dispositions de l’amendement no 75, ou que vous changiez votre fusil d’épaule en proposant l’adoption d’une mesure encore plus exigeante.L’article 1er bis vise à obliger les usines qui déversent actuellement des Pfas dans les cours d’eau à mettre fin à ces rejets dans les cinq ans. Cette échéance et cet objectif nous semblent adéquats afin d’avancer dans la protection de l’environnement et de la santé humaine."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426364",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426364"
   ],
   "order": 76,
   "text": "L’article 1er bis résulte effectivement de l’adoption par la commission de l’amendement no CD70 que j’avais défendu.Je viens d’un territoire soumis à la pollution par les Pfas. La première préoccupation de nos concitoyens, je l’ai dit, est d’arrêter les rejets des monomères perfluorés dans les milieux naturels – dans le Rhône, pour prendre le cas de mon département.Comme l’a souligné Pierre Cazeneuve, cet article constitue un pas important. Je suis heureux que M. le rapporteur s’en soit saisi dans l’hémicycle, alors qu’il avait oublié cette disposition dans la rédaction initiale de sa proposition de loi. Cependant, il ne faut pas aller trop loin.Il faut engager le processus, chacun le reconnaît. Dès qu’on a constaté la pollution dans le Rhône, la préfecture a pris un arrêté pour demander à Arkema de réduire les rejets par paliers, sur une certaine durée. Les entreprises chimiques suivent effectivement ce calendrier pour arrêter les rejets de monomères d’ici à la fin de l’année.C’est comme cela qu’il faut accompagner les industriels afin d’atteindre l’objectif fixé par l’article 1er bis. En effet, les dispositions prévues à l’article 1er sont bonnes, mais elles concernent le futur. Il faut désormais traiter le problème des rejets et des pollutions historiques. Je rappelle que depuis trente ans, les industries ont largement largué ces monomères qui se trouvent désormais dans les sédiments des fleuves. Il faut fermer le robinet de ces rejets. Tel est le but de l’article.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 76,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426364",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 236,
   "annotation_id": "N0f98a459eeeb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er bis résulte effectivement de l’adoption par la commission de l’amendement no CD70 que j’avais défendu.Je viens d’un territoire soumis à la pollution par les Pfas. La première préoccupation de nos concitoyens, je l’ai dit, est d’arrêter les rejets des monomères perfluorés dans les milieux naturels – dans le Rhône, pour prendre le cas de mon département.Comme l’a souligné [PERSONNE], cet article constitue un pas important. Je suis heureux que M. le rapporteur s’en soit saisi dans l’hémicycle, alors qu’il avait oublié cette disposition dans la rédaction initiale de sa proposition de loi. Cependant, il ne faut pas aller trop loin.Il faut engager le processus, chacun le reconnaît. Dès qu’on a constaté la pollution dans le Rhône, la préfecture a pris un arrêté pour demander à Arkema de réduire les rejets par paliers, sur une certaine durée. Les entreprises chimiques suivent effectivement ce calendrier pour arrêter les rejets de monomères d’ici à la fin de l’année.C’est comme cela qu’il faut accompagner les industriels afin d’atteindre l’objectif fixé par l’article 1er bis. En effet, les dispositions prévues à l’article 1er sont bonnes, mais elles concernent le futur. Il faut désormais traiter le problème des rejets et des pollutions historiques. Je rappelle que depuis trente ans, les industries ont largement largué ces monomères qui se trouvent désormais dans les sédiments des fleuves. Il faut fermer le robinet de ces rejets. Tel est le but de l’article."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426373",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426373"
   ],
   "order": 85,
   "text": "Je souhaite vous exposer la raison pour laquelle le Gouvernement est favorable à cet amendement de suppression, car il est évidemment favorable à ce qu’on réglemente les rejets de Pfas. La seule différence entre les dispositions prévues par l’article 1er bis tel qu’il a été adopté en commission et ce que nous proposons réside dans le fait que nous préconisons une approche site par site au niveau des directions régionales de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (Dreal). Les arrêtés préfectoraux tiendront évidemment compte de la spécificité du processus industriel, de la Pfas concernée et du lieu.Je le répète : plutôt qu’une approche à taille unique qui reposerait sur un seul décret pour toutes les Pfas et pour toutes les régions de France, une approche site par site nous paraît plus adaptée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 85,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426373",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "N6c2911743fcd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite vous exposer la raison pour laquelle le Gouvernement est favorable à cet amendement de suppression, car il est évidemment favorable à ce qu’on réglemente les rejets de Pfas. La seule différence entre les dispositions prévues par l’article 1er bis tel qu’il a été adopté en commission et ce que nous proposons réside dans le fait que nous préconisons une approche site par site au niveau des directions régionales de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (Dreal). Les arrêtés préfectoraux tiendront évidemment compte de la spécificité du processus industriel, de la Pfas concernée et du lieu.Je le répète : plutôt qu’une approche à taille unique qui reposerait sur un seul décret pour toutes les Pfas et pour toutes les régions de France, une approche site par site nous paraît plus adaptée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426381",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426381"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "Il modifie la rédaction de l’article 1er bis pour étendre son champ à toutes les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement (ICPE), pour définir une date d’entrée en vigueur – que nous proposons de fixer au 1er janvier 2025, tandis que la rédaction actuelle de l’article ne fixe pas de date – et pour inclure les effluents gazeux dans l’interdiction des rejets.Interdire les rejets, c’est bien ; cependant nous devons d’abord définir des valeurs limites et des paliers successifs, car les entreprises ne sont pas actuellement capables de traiter 100 % des rejets, même si elles peuvent traiter déjà plus de 99 % de ceux-ci.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "49",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 92,
   "amendments": [
    "49"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426381",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N2f3941c007d7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il modifie la rédaction de l’article 1er bis pour étendre son champ à toutes les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement (ICPE), pour définir une date d’entrée en vigueur – que nous proposons de fixer au 1er janvier 2025, tandis que la rédaction actuelle de l’article ne fixe pas de date – et pour inclure les effluents gazeux dans l’interdiction des rejets.Interdire les rejets, c’est bien ; cependant nous devons d’abord définir des valeurs limites et des paliers successifs, car les entreprises ne sont pas actuellement capables de traiter 100 % des rejets, même si elles peuvent traiter déjà plus de 99 % de ceux-ci."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426384",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426384"
   ],
   "order": 95,
   "text": "La rédaction de l’article 1er bis proposée par cet amendement permet de cibler l’ensemble des installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement qui sont soumises à autorisation.En outre, elle s’applique aussi bien aux rejets gazeux qu’aux rejets aqueux.Enfin, la fin des rejets doit avoir lieu avant 2027, tandis que la rédaction initiale renvoyait au pouvoir réglementaire la définition de la trajectoire.Cette rédaction est donc plus ambitieuse et surtout plus solide juridiquement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "75",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 95,
   "amendments": [
    "75"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426384",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 71,
   "annotation_id": "N64d76c10bdc5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La rédaction de l’article 1er bis proposée par cet amendement permet de cibler l’ensemble des installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement qui sont soumises à autorisation.En outre, elle s’applique aussi bien aux rejets gazeux qu’aux rejets aqueux.Enfin, la fin des rejets doit avoir lieu avant 2027, tandis que la rédaction initiale renvoyait au pouvoir réglementaire la définition de la trajectoire.Cette rédaction est donc plus ambitieuse et surtout plus solide juridiquement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426389",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426389"
   ],
   "order": 100,
   "text": "Il propose de remplacer l’interdiction brutale des rejets aqueux de Pfas par la fixation de valeurs limites d’émission pour les installations classées utilisant, produisant, traitant ou rejetant des Pfas.En effet, il est techniquement impossible pour nos industries utilisant des Pfas de s’assurer que leurs rejets aqueux ne contiennent plus aucune substance perfluoroalkylée ni polyfluoroalkylée. Par conséquent, l’interdiction proposée par la rédaction de l’article 1er bis aurait pour conséquence de provoquer des délocalisations à l’étranger.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 100,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426389",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "Nd15a42e9a718",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il propose de remplacer l’interdiction brutale des rejets aqueux de Pfas par la fixation de valeurs limites d’émission pour les installations classées utilisant, produisant, traitant ou rejetant des Pfas.En effet, il est techniquement impossible pour nos industries utilisant des Pfas de s’assurer que leurs rejets aqueux ne contiennent plus aucune substance perfluoroalkylée ni polyfluoroalkylée. Par conséquent, l’interdiction proposée par la rédaction de l’article 1er bis aurait pour conséquence de provoquer des délocalisations à l’étranger."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426392",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426392"
   ],
   "order": 103,
   "text": "Par ailleurs, cette interdiction ne permet pas de prendre en compte les résultats de la campagne nationale actuellement menée pour mesurer les Pfas dans les rejets aqueux des installations classées.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 103,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426392",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Ned0701f21770",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Par ailleurs, cette interdiction ne permet pas de prendre en compte les résultats de la campagne nationale actuellement menée pour mesurer les Pfas dans les rejets aqueux des installations classées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426396",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426396"
   ],
   "order": 107,
   "text": "Il est estimé qu’un nombre très limité d’installations industrielles est responsable de près de 90 % des rejets aqueux de Pfas.Le présent amendement vise à définir une trajectoire nationale de réduction des rejets aqueux de Pfas par ces installations industrielles pour que les services de l’État disposent d’une base juridique robuste permettant d’exiger la réduction drastique de ces rejets. L’interdiction pour les exploitants de ces installations d’émettre des Pfas dans leurs rejets aqueux et gazeux interviendra dans les cinq ans suivant la promulgation de la loi, avec un objectif intermédiaire de réduction de 90 % des rejets dans les deux ans suivant cette promulgation.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 107,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426396",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "Ne44177d5d9c3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il est estimé qu’un nombre très limité d’installations industrielles est responsable de près de 90 % des rejets aqueux de Pfas.Le présent amendement vise à définir une trajectoire nationale de réduction des rejets aqueux de Pfas par ces installations industrielles pour que les services de l’État disposent d’une base juridique robuste permettant d’exiger la réduction drastique de ces rejets. L’interdiction pour les exploitants de ces installations d’émettre des Pfas dans leurs rejets aqueux et gazeux interviendra dans les cinq ans suivant la promulgation de la loi, avec un objectif intermédiaire de réduction de 90 % des rejets dans les deux ans suivant cette promulgation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426399"
   ],
   "order": 110,
   "text": "Les débats en commission ont été rappelés par les orateurs précédents. Si nous étions favorables à la redevance proposée par le rapporteur, il nous semblait toutefois qu’il fallait aller plus loin pour réduire les rejets. Certes, instaurer une redevance constituera une première incitation, mais ce n’est pas suffisant. Nous voulons instaurer des objectifs clairs de réduction des rejets.L’amendement no 103 vise à définir une trajectoire sur cinq ans, en fixant une étape au bout de deux ans, pour aller vraiment vers la fin des rejets et limiter la pollution dans l’environnement et dans l’eau.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "103",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 110,
   "amendments": [
    "103"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426399",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "Ne540cfe7f24c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les débats en commission ont été rappelés par les orateurs précédents. Si nous étions favorables à la redevance proposée par le rapporteur, il nous semblait toutefois qu’il fallait aller plus loin pour réduire les rejets. Certes, instaurer une redevance constituera une première incitation, mais ce n’est pas suffisant. Nous voulons instaurer des objectifs clairs de réduction des rejets.L’amendement no 103 vise à définir une trajectoire sur cinq ans, en fixant une étape au bout de deux ans, pour aller vraiment vers la fin des rejets et limiter la pollution dans l’environnement et dans l’eau."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426403",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426403"
   ],
   "order": 114,
   "text": "Je reprendrai l’exemple du Rhône et du sud de la métropole de Lyon. À la suite d’un arrêté préfectoral, les industriels qui rejetaient des Pfas ont montré qu’en deux ans, ils pouvaient supprimer ces rejets, grâce à différents procédés, en particulier en les retenant grâce aux charbons actifs.L’amendement vise à préciser la rédaction de l’article 1er bis issu de l’adoption de l’amendement no CD70 que j’avais défendu en commission. Au lieu de fixer les objectifs par décrets, il vise à les inscrire dans la loi. Nous proposons un objectif de réduction 90 % en deux ans, sachant que cette proportion peut être atteinte, tandis que la réduction des derniers 10 % est plus difficile.Nous proposons donc une trajectoire pour tendre vers la suppression des rejets de Pfas au cours des cinq prochaines années.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "115",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 114,
   "amendments": [
    "115"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426403",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 133,
   "annotation_id": "N0a846b4fc786",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je reprendrai l’exemple du Rhône et du sud de la métropole de Lyon. À la suite d’un arrêté préfectoral, les industriels qui rejetaient des Pfas ont montré qu’en deux ans, ils pouvaient supprimer ces rejets, grâce à différents procédés, en particulier en les retenant grâce aux charbons actifs.L’amendement vise à préciser la rédaction de l’article 1er bis issu de l’adoption de l’amendement no CD70 que j’avais défendu en commission. Au lieu de fixer les objectifs par décrets, il vise à les inscrire dans la loi. Nous proposons un objectif de réduction 90 % en deux ans, sachant que cette proportion peut être atteinte, tandis que la réduction des derniers 10 % est plus difficile.Nous proposons donc une trajectoire pour tendre vers la suppression des rejets de Pfas au cours des cinq prochaines années."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426407",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426407"
   ],
   "order": 118,
   "text": "Ces amendements identiques visent à réécrire l’article 1er bis. Lorsqu’il a été introduit en commission, celui-ci actait la suppression de ces rejets dans un calendrier fixé par décret par le Gouvernement. Les amendements identiques nos 95, 103 et 115 visent à fixer un délai de cinq ans, qui nous paraît raisonnable.Nous demandons à des centaines d’entreprises d’investir en cinq ans afin de supprimer le rejet des Pfas dans les cours d’eau français. Ce délai est déjà très contraignant.Nous avons donc voulu préciser la rédaction en fixant la date à 2029. Monsieur le rapporteur, vous proposez 2027, mais un délai de trois ans est bien trop court pour demander à plusieurs centaines d’usines qui relèvent de secteurs différents, qui font face à des contraintes différentes et qui ne sont pas situées sur les mêmes cours d’eau de mettre fin aux rejets.Le sous-amendement vise également à supprimer l’étape intermédiaire et à laisser au Gouvernement le soin de fixer cette trajectoire par décret.La borne à cinq ans est la plus cohérente. Elle reste parfaitement ambitieuse.Encore une fois, cet objectif n’était pas dans le texte initial. Il s’agit d’un ajout de la majorité très ambitieux d’un point de vue environnemental. Je vous prie de ne pas le dénaturer en fixant une date butoir déconnectée de la réalité industrielle de nos entreprises.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "115",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 118,
   "amendments": [
    "115"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426407",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 217,
   "annotation_id": "N0a19fb3285c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements identiques visent à réécrire l’article 1er bis. Lorsqu’il a été introduit en commission, celui-ci actait la suppression de ces rejets dans un calendrier fixé par décret par le Gouvernement. Les amendements identiques nos 95, 103 et 115 visent à fixer un délai de cinq ans, qui nous paraît raisonnable.Nous demandons à des centaines d’entreprises d’investir en cinq ans afin de supprimer le rejet des Pfas dans les cours d’eau français. Ce délai est déjà très contraignant.Nous avons donc voulu préciser la rédaction en fixant la date à 2029. Monsieur le rapporteur, vous proposez 2027, mais un délai de trois ans est bien trop court pour demander à plusieurs centaines d’usines qui relèvent de secteurs différents, qui font face à des contraintes différentes et qui ne sont pas situées sur les mêmes cours d’eau de mettre fin aux rejets.Le sous-amendement vise également à supprimer l’étape intermédiaire et à laisser au Gouvernement le soin de fixer cette trajectoire par décret.La borne à cinq ans est la plus cohérente. Elle reste parfaitement ambitieuse.Encore une fois, cet objectif n’était pas dans le texte initial. Il s’agit d’un ajout de la majorité très ambitieux d’un point de vue environnemental. Je vous prie de ne pas le dénaturer en fixant une date butoir déconnectée de la réalité industrielle de nos entreprises."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426416",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426416"
   ],
   "order": 127,
   "text": "L’avis de la commission est favorable sur l’amendement no 75, car je considère que cette réécriture est beaucoup plus ambitieuse.Avis défavorable sur les autres amendements en discussion commune, ainsi que sur le sous-amendement no 122.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 127,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426416",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Nd565ff69aa97",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis de la commission est favorable sur l’amendement no 75, car je considère que cette réécriture est beaucoup plus ambitieuse.Avis défavorable sur les autres amendements en discussion commune, ainsi que sur le sous-amendement no 122."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426419"
   ],
   "order": 130,
   "text": "J’ai exposé les limites de l’approche que j’ai qualifiée précédemment de « taille unique ».L’avis du Gouvernement sur les amendements nos 49, 75, 83 et 90 est défavorable. Il est favorable sur le sous-amendement no 122. Sous réserve de l’adoption de ce sous-amendement, le Gouvernement s’en remet à la sagesse de l’Assemblée sur les amendements nos 95, 103 et 115.Les amendements nos 49, 75, 83 et 90, auxquels je suis fortement défavorable, visent à imposer les mêmes contraintes à toutes les ICPE.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 130,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426419",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Nd62300e8425e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai exposé les limites de l’approche que j’ai qualifiée précédemment de « taille unique ».L’avis du Gouvernement sur les amendements nos 49, 75, 83 et 90 est défavorable. Il est favorable sur le sous-amendement no 122. Sous réserve de l’adoption de ce sous-amendement, le Gouvernement s’en remet à la sagesse de l’Assemblée sur les amendements nos 95, 103 et 115.Les amendements nos 49, 75, 83 et 90, auxquels je suis fortement défavorable, visent à imposer les mêmes contraintes à toutes les ICPE."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426425",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426425"
   ],
   "order": 136,
   "text": "Si vous préférez que je me taise, je vous laisse entre vous et je vais faire autre chose. (Exclamations prolongées sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Louis Boyard applaudit.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 136,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426425",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nc8b91e195a25",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si vous préférez que je me taise, je vous laisse entre vous et je vais faire autre chose. (Exclamations prolongées sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426430",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426430"
   ],
   "order": 142,
   "text": "Nous avons lancé un inventaire systématique des 5 000 ICPE. Au vu des résultats préliminaires, qui ne concernent qu’un tiers de ces installations, il est très probable que 95 % des rejets sont le fait d’une cinquantaine d’entre elles.Soit nous énonçons une interdiction globale, nationale, qui s’impose à tous, y compris aux entreprises qui sont, au fond, très peu concernées, mais pour lesquelles les coûts seront très élevés, soit nous nous concentrons sur l’essentiel.Nous préférons la seconde solution. Nous prévoyons donc des décrets qui établissent précisément, site par site, ce qu’il est possible de faire pour accélérer la réduction des rejets.Si le sous-amendement no 122 est adopté, la démarche instaurée par les amendements nos 95, 103 et 115 a plus de sens. Vous nous demandez d’élaborer une stratégie nationale, compte tenu notamment de ce que je viens de dire.Je suis donc prêt à donner un avis favorable aux amendements nos 95, 103 et 115 ainsi sous-amendés, car tout cela a du sens. Nous travaillons avec la cinquantaine de sites qui sont responsables des rejets les plus importants et nous évaluons les résultats concrets au niveau national.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 142,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426430",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 186,
   "annotation_id": "N817134870d07",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons lancé un inventaire systématique des 5 000 ICPE. Au vu des résultats préliminaires, qui ne concernent qu’un tiers de ces installations, il est très probable que 95 % des rejets sont le fait d’une cinquantaine d’entre elles.Soit nous énonçons une interdiction globale, nationale, qui s’impose à tous, y compris aux entreprises qui sont, au fond, très peu concernées, mais pour lesquelles les coûts seront très élevés, soit nous nous concentrons sur l’essentiel.Nous préférons la seconde solution. Nous prévoyons donc des décrets qui établissent précisément, site par site, ce qu’il est possible de faire pour accélérer la réduction des rejets.Si le sous-amendement no 122 est adopté, la démarche instaurée par les amendements nos 95, 103 et 115 a plus de sens. Vous nous demandez d’élaborer une stratégie nationale, compte tenu notamment de ce que je viens de dire.Je suis donc prêt à donner un avis favorable aux amendements nos 95, 103 et 115 ainsi sous-amendés, car tout cela a du sens. Nous travaillons avec la cinquantaine de sites qui sont responsables des rejets les plus importants et nous évaluons les résultats concrets au niveau national."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426436"
   ],
   "order": 148,
   "text": "La discussion est un peu cocasse. En commission, M. Isaac-Sibille, auteur d’un rapport sur les Pfas, soutenait qu’il fallait être audacieux, en affirmant que le sujet principal était la réduction des rejets. Il disait alors qu’il fallait aller plus loin en la matière, être les mieux-disants. Pourtant, dans l’hémicycle, le même député Isaac-Sibille soutient qu’il faut être moins ambitieux et être moins disant.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 148,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426436",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "Nc9233b8148c6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La discussion est un peu cocasse. En commission, M. Isaac-Sibille, auteur d’un rapport sur les Pfas, soutenait qu’il fallait être audacieux, en affirmant que le sujet principal était la réduction des rejets. Il disait alors qu’il fallait aller plus loin en la matière, être les mieux-disants. Pourtant, dans l’hémicycle, le même député Isaac-Sibille soutient qu’il faut être moins ambitieux et être moins disant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426437",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426437"
   ],
   "order": 150,
   "text": "L’amendement mieux-disant est l’amendement no 75 défendu par le rapporteur Nicolas Thierry. Je vous invite donc à le soutenir. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.)Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, en commission, vous nous avez fait la leçon sur le sujet, vous avez même prétendu que nous étions favorables aux rejets – cela m’avait énervé, et je vous l’avais dit.Au moment où nous devrions aller plus loin, vous défendez finalement une position moins-disante. Vous le savez, on ne peut pas faire consensus seul : si vous voulez susciter un consensus collectif, il faudra vous montrer plus audacieux ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 150,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426437",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "Nec0041161342",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement mieux-disant est l’amendement no 75 défendu par le rapporteur [PERSONNE]. Je vous invite donc à le soutenir. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, en commission, vous nous avez fait la leçon sur le sujet, vous avez même prétendu que nous étions favorables aux rejets – cela m’avait énervé, et je vous l’avais dit.Au moment où nous devrions aller plus loin, vous défendez finalement une position moins-disante. Vous le savez, on ne peut pas faire consensus seul : si vous voulez susciter un consensus collectif, il faudra vous montrer plus audacieux ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA717379",
   "speaker": "Sylvain Maillard",
   "quality": "M. Sylvain Maillard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426737",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426737"
   ],
   "order": 154,
   "text": "Vous avez raison, la situation est cocasse : vous aviez en effet voté contre l’article 1er bis en commission, alors que nous y avions travaillé avec l’intention de fixer à cinq ans des objectifs d’émissions ambitieux, qu’il serait réaliste d’inscrire dans la loi ! Nous avons échangé les uns avec les autres et notre position est claire : nous voulons que cette proposition devienne une loi de la République.Toutefois, la position que défend le rapporteur – je la découvre en séance – n’est pas opérante. Je vous le dis en toute transparence, les industriels ne parviendront pas à tenir le délai que vous souhaitez inscrire dans la loi. De ce fait, nous débattons d’un article 1er bis qui pourrait être rejeté au cours de la navette parlementaire parce qu’il a été inspiré par une volonté d’affichage politique plus que par le réalisme industriel.Monsieur le rapporteur, je vous demande donc de retirer votre amendement, afin que l’article 1er bis soit voté tel qu’il a été adopté en commission. Très ambitieux, il pourrait d’ailleurs faire l’unanimité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 1er bis /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426330",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 154,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426737",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 181,
   "annotation_id": "Nf22aa916f357",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez raison, la situation est cocasse : vous aviez en effet voté contre l’article 1er bis en commission, alors que nous y avions travaillé avec l’intention de fixer à cinq ans des objectifs d’émissions ambitieux, qu’il serait réaliste d’inscrire dans la loi ! Nous avons échangé les uns avec les autres et notre position est claire : nous voulons que cette proposition devienne une loi de la République.Toutefois, la position que défend le rapporteur – je la découvre en séance – n’est pas opérante. Je vous le dis en toute transparence, les industriels ne parviendront pas à tenir le délai que vous souhaitez inscrire dans la loi. De ce fait, nous débattons d’un article 1er bis qui pourrait être rejeté au cours de la navette parlementaire parce qu’il a été inspiré par une volonté d’affichage politique plus que par le réalisme industriel.Monsieur le rapporteur, je vous demande donc de retirer votre amendement, afin que l’article 1er bis soit voté tel qu’il a été adopté en commission. Très ambitieux, il pourrait d’ailleurs faire l’unanimité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426756",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426756"
   ],
   "order": 173,
   "text": "Visant à interdire les rejets gazeux de Pfas, il reprend une partie des objectifs de l’amendement no 75, défendu plus tôt par M. le rapporteur.L’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (Igedd) a estimé dans un rapport publié en mars 2023 que le système de surveillance des Pfas accusait d’importantes défaillances, car la réglementation est trop lacunaire – elle encadre insuffisamment le rejet de ces substances par les installations industrielles et ne tient pas compte de leur présence dans l’air. Or cette pollution est détectée dans tous les milieux, que ce soit l’eau, les sols ou l’air, et donc dans tous les maillons de la chaîne alimentaire.Comme le plan d’action ministériel relatif aux Pfas a réussi l’exploit de n’imposer aucune mesure contraignante aux industriels, nous pensons qu’il est urgent d’agir. Nous proposons donc d’interdire aux ICPE tout rejet de Pfas dans l’air. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426754",
   "amendment": "65",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 173,
   "amendments": [
    "65"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426756",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 150,
   "annotation_id": "N143a8876d6a5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Visant à interdire les rejets gazeux de Pfas, il reprend une partie des objectifs de l’amendement no 75, défendu plus tôt par M. le rapporteur.L’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (Igedd) a estimé dans un rapport publié en mars 2023 que le système de surveillance des Pfas accusait d’importantes défaillances, car la réglementation est trop lacunaire – elle encadre insuffisamment le rejet de ces substances par les installations industrielles et ne tient pas compte de leur présence dans l’air. Or cette pollution est détectée dans tous les milieux, que ce soit l’eau, les sols ou l’air, et donc dans tous les maillons de la chaîne alimentaire.Comme le plan d’action ministériel relatif aux Pfas a réussi l’exploit de n’imposer aucune mesure contraignante aux industriels, nous pensons qu’il est urgent d’agir. Nous proposons donc d’interdire aux ICPE tout rejet de Pfas dans l’air. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426760",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426760"
   ],
   "order": 177,
   "text": "Bien que je partage votre intention, l’exigence de rapidité, compte tenu des contraintes de la navette parlementaire, me convainc de vous demander de retirer votre amendement. À défaut, notre avis sera défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426754",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 177,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426760",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N298fd9cf6e92",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Bien que je partage votre intention, l’exigence de rapidité, compte tenu des contraintes de la navette parlementaire, me convainc de vous demander de retirer votre amendement. À défaut, notre avis sera défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426762",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426762"
   ],
   "order": 179,
   "text": "L’alchimiste Paracelse affirmait déjà au XVIe siècle que « Tout est poison, rien n’est poison : c’est la dose qui fait le poison. » En fixant le seuil d’émissions autorisées à zéro, vous dévoilez vos intentions : vous voulez tuer l’industrie française, assumez-le !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426754",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 179,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426762",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N2ed740a5bceb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’alchimiste Paracelse affirmait déjà au XVIe siècle que « Tout est poison, rien n’est poison : c’est la dose qui fait le poison. » En fixant le seuil d’émissions autorisées à zéro, vous dévoilez vos intentions : vous voulez tuer l’industrie française, assumez-le !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426770",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426770"
   ],
   "order": 187,
   "text": "Il ne sort pas de nulle part : dans le département du Rhône viennent d’être épandues sur plus de 1 100 hectares des boues d’épuration de la station de Givors. Au vu et au su des services de l’État, celles-ci présentent des taux de Pfas hors normes, mais leur épandage a bien été autorisé.Nous vous demandons donc que les boues d’épuration contenant des Pfas soient purement et simplement détruites, afin que les terres agricoles, les routes forestières et les autres voies ne puissent pas être contaminées par les résidus d’épuration.Même si l’amendement ne les évoque pas, les mâchefers devraient subir le même sort – nous y reviendrons peut-être plus tard.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3426754",
   "amendment": "65",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 187,
   "amendments": [
    "65"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426770",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 110,
   "annotation_id": "N472ae57e0f6b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne sort pas de nulle part : dans le département du Rhône viennent d’être épandues sur plus de 1 100 hectares des boues d’épuration de la station de Givors. Au vu et au su des services de l’État, celles-ci présentent des taux de Pfas hors normes, mais leur épandage a bien été autorisé.Nous vous demandons donc que les boues d’épuration contenant des Pfas soient purement et simplement détruites, afin que les terres agricoles, les routes forestières et les autres voies ne puissent pas être contaminées par les résidus d’épuration.Même si l’amendement ne les évoque pas, les mâchefers devraient subir le même sort – nous y reviendrons peut-être plus tard."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426785",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426785"
   ],
   "order": 202,
   "text": "Cohérent avec l’amendement de suppression de l’article 1er, il vise à supprimer l’article 2 qui tend à instaurer une contribution directe des émetteurs de Pfas dans l’environnement, laquelle serait fléchée vers les agences de l’eau.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "58",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 202,
   "amendments": [
    "58"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426785",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Nb8500ed91ea2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cohérent avec l’amendement de suppression de l’article 1er, il vise à supprimer l’article 2 qui tend à instaurer une contribution directe des émetteurs de Pfas dans l’environnement, laquelle serait fléchée vers les agences de l’eau."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426787"
   ],
   "order": 204,
   "text": "L’article 2 tend à instaurer une redevance pour pollution de l’eau, qui serait reçue par les agences de l’eau et qui pèserait sur les comptes des entreprises rejetant des Pfas. La création d’une nouvelle recette au profit des agences de l’eau reviendrait donc à l’application aux entreprises d’un impôt déguisé, qui serait directement fléché vers les caisses de l’État, sans bénéfice pour l’environnement.En effet, le système de plafond mordant impose déjà aux agences de l’eau une limitation à 2 183 millions d’euros de leurs recettes annuelles de 2023 et de 2024. D’après le jaune budgétaire de ces agences dans le projet de loi de finance 2023, « l’écrêtement s’établit ainsi à 22,37 millions d’euros en 2021 et concerne les agences Adour-Garonne, Artois-Picardie, Rhin-Meuse et Loire-Bretagne. Les recettes perçues par les agences Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse et Seine-Normandie n’ont pas atteint leurs plafonds individuels et n’occasionnent donc pas d’écrêtement pour ces deux dernières agences. »",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "70",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 204,
   "amendments": [
    "70"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426787",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 151,
   "annotation_id": "N8987c30b1098",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 tend à instaurer une redevance pour pollution de l’eau, qui serait reçue par les agences de l’eau et qui pèserait sur les comptes des entreprises rejetant des Pfas. La création d’une nouvelle recette au profit des agences de l’eau reviendrait donc à l’application aux entreprises d’un impôt déguisé, qui serait directement fléché vers les caisses de l’État, sans bénéfice pour l’environnement.En effet, le système de plafond mordant impose déjà aux agences de l’eau une limitation à 2 183 millions d’euros de leurs recettes annuelles de 2023 et de 2024. D’après le jaune budgétaire de ces agences dans le projet de loi de finance 2023, « l’écrêtement s’établit ainsi à 22,37 millions d’euros en 2021 et concerne les agences Adour-Garonne, Artois-Picardie, Rhin-Meuse et Loire-Bretagne. Les recettes perçues par les agences Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse et Seine-Normandie n’ont pas atteint leurs plafonds individuels et n’occasionnent donc pas d’écrêtement pour ces deux dernières agences. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426792",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426792"
   ],
   "order": 210,
   "text": "Permettez-moi d’abord de rappeler que le seuil de perception de la redevance est fixé à 100 grammes et que son taux atteindrait 100 euros pour 100 grammes. Dans le cadre des auditions préparatoires, les représentants du ministère de la transition écologique nous ont assuré qu’une dizaine de sites seulement rejetaient plus d’un kilogramme de Pfas par an, chiffre en fonction duquel nous avons calibré le seuil évoqué.Cette redevance concernera d’abord les producteurs de Pfas, qui ne sont pas des TPE et PME – des très petites, petites et moyennes entreprises. Il est au contraire question de grands groupes, dont le chiffre d’affaires ou les bénéfices peuvent atteindre plusieurs milliards d’euros.Le principe de pollueur-payeur doit s’appliquer à ces industriels. S’il n’était pas prévu et si des polluants éternels étaient détectés dans l’eau potable ou si des communes constataient le dépassement des seuils réglementaires de pollution sur leur territoire, le coût de la dépollution serait imputé aux contribuables. Les pollutions anciennes de plusieurs décennies ne doivent pas être traitées par la mobilisation d’argent public : les contribuables et les usagers de l’eau n’ont pas à payer leur dépollution, contrairement aux industriels.Notre article ne cible que les grands groupes et je vous assure que la redevance que nous proposons demeure raisonnable. Le supprimer reviendrait à faire peser le coût de la dépollution sur les consommateurs d’eau et à exonérer les industriels responsables de toute participation à son financement. Mon avis est donc très défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 210,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426792",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 241,
   "annotation_id": "Nb019a2abc6f7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi d’abord de rappeler que le seuil de perception de la redevance est fixé à 100 grammes et que son taux atteindrait 100 euros pour 100 grammes. Dans le cadre des auditions préparatoires, les représentants du ministère de la transition écologique nous ont assuré qu’une dizaine de sites seulement rejetaient plus d’un kilogramme de Pfas par an, chiffre en fonction duquel nous avons calibré le seuil évoqué.Cette redevance concernera d’abord les producteurs de Pfas, qui ne sont pas des TPE et PME – des très petites, petites et moyennes entreprises. Il est au contraire question de grands groupes, dont le chiffre d’affaires ou les bénéfices peuvent atteindre plusieurs milliards d’euros.Le principe de pollueur-payeur doit s’appliquer à ces industriels. S’il n’était pas prévu et si des polluants éternels étaient détectés dans l’eau potable ou si des communes constataient le dépassement des seuils réglementaires de pollution sur leur territoire, le coût de la dépollution serait imputé aux contribuables. Les pollutions anciennes de plusieurs décennies ne doivent pas être traitées par la mobilisation d’argent public : les contribuables et les usagers de l’eau n’ont pas à payer leur dépollution, contrairement aux industriels.Notre article ne cible que les grands groupes et je vous assure que la redevance que nous proposons demeure raisonnable. Le supprimer reviendrait à faire peser le coût de la dépollution sur les consommateurs d’eau et à exonérer les industriels responsables de toute participation à son financement. Mon avis est donc très défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426797",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426797"
   ],
   "order": 215,
   "text": "Par cohérence, notre avis est favorable. Lors de la discussion générale, Anne-Cécile Violland a demandé un engagement ferme sur les moyens de financement consacrés à la dépollution ; elle soulevait une question importante et je profite de ma prise de parole pour y répondre.Pour dépolluer les nappes phréatiques présentant une concentration en Pfas supérieure aux seuils fixés, quelqu’un devra nécessairement payer, et rien ne justifierait que les collectivités territoriales seules s’acquittent de ce financement.L’article 2 n’apporte pas une réponse satisfaisante à l’enjeu du financement. Plusieurs options s’offrent à nous pour soutenir les investissements prévus par les collectivités afin de dépolluer l’eau potable, la première étant la redevance inscrite dans la proposition de loi. Or cette solution n’est pas opérationnelle, puisqu’elle vise à accompagner la réduction des émissions de Pfas par les industriels eux-mêmes : l’assiette de la redevance étant déterminée par des émissions de Pfas, la diminution de celles-ci réduira mécaniquement le montant de la redevance, jusqu’à tarir les ressources permettant de dépolluer les nappes phréatiques.L’autre proposition serait de créer une taxe Pfas qui constituerait un impôt de production d’un montant significatif, supporté par les industriels d’aujourd’hui pour financer la dépollution de la production passée, qui n’a d’ailleurs pas toujours de rapport direct avec l’industrie. Certaines zones sont ainsi particulièrement polluées du fait de leur proximité avec des aéroports dans lesquels des mousses anti-incendie ont été utilisées. Alors qu’il ne s’agit donc pas toujours de rejets industriels, une taxe à la production viserait paradoxalement les seuls industriels.Il reste deux options, que nous sommes prêts à étudier dans le cadre du projet de loi de finances (PLF), et que je m’engage à discuter avec vous. La première est de relever le plafond des agences de l’eau, afin de soutenir les investissements des collectivités. Oui, monsieur le rapporteur, c’est un coût pour les consommateurs, mais c’est au fond un coût pour la nation, qui doit prendre à sa charge la dépollution des activités d’hier – qui à l’époque étaient autorisées. Rappelons-le : les acteurs économiques ont respecté la loi pendant des décennies, il serait trop simple d’en faire les méchants de l’histoire.La responsabilité collective de réparer les pollutions passées ne peut être portée que par le consommateur, en relevant le plafond des agences de l’eau, ou par le contribuable, en créant une charge budgétaire nouvelle. Certains parlementaires ont ainsi envisagé la création par le PLF d’un fonds Bleu, qui soutiendra les investissements des collectivités sur le modèle du fonds Vert. À ce jour, aucune de ces options n’a fait l’objet d’un arbitrage et nous sommes prêts à en discuter. En attendant, je répète que les propositions qui figurent dans la proposition de loi sont au mieux inefficaces, au pire contre-productives. Avis favorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 215,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426797",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 450,
   "annotation_id": "N8693910f212a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Par cohérence, notre avis est favorable. Lors de la discussion générale, [PERSONNE] a demandé un engagement ferme sur les moyens de financement consacrés à la dépollution ; elle soulevait une question importante et je profite de ma prise de parole pour y répondre.Pour dépolluer les nappes phréatiques présentant une concentration en Pfas supérieure aux seuils fixés, quelqu’un devra nécessairement payer, et rien ne justifierait que les collectivités territoriales seules s’acquittent de ce financement.L’article 2 n’apporte pas une réponse satisfaisante à l’enjeu du financement. Plusieurs options s’offrent à nous pour soutenir les investissements prévus par les collectivités afin de dépolluer l’eau potable, la première étant la redevance inscrite dans la proposition de loi. Or cette solution n’est pas opérationnelle, puisqu’elle vise à accompagner la réduction des émissions de Pfas par les industriels eux-mêmes : l’assiette de la redevance étant déterminée par des émissions de Pfas, la diminution de celles-ci réduira mécaniquement le montant de la redevance, jusqu’à tarir les ressources permettant de dépolluer les nappes phréatiques.L’autre proposition serait de créer une taxe Pfas qui constituerait un impôt de production d’un montant significatif, supporté par les industriels d’aujourd’hui pour financer la dépollution de la production passée, qui n’a d’ailleurs pas toujours de rapport direct avec l’industrie. Certaines zones sont ainsi particulièrement polluées du fait de leur proximité avec des aéroports dans lesquels des mousses anti-incendie ont été utilisées. Alors qu’il ne s’agit donc pas toujours de rejets industriels, une taxe à la production viserait paradoxalement les seuls industriels.Il reste deux options, que nous sommes prêts à étudier dans le cadre du projet de loi de finances (PLF), et que je m’engage à discuter avec vous. La première est de relever le plafond des agences de l’eau, afin de soutenir les investissements des collectivités. Oui, monsieur le rapporteur, c’est un coût pour les consommateurs, mais c’est au fond un coût pour la nation, qui doit prendre à sa charge la dépollution des activités d’hier – qui à l’époque étaient autorisées. Rappelons-le : les acteurs économiques ont respecté la loi pendant des décennies, il serait trop simple d’en faire les méchants de l’histoire.La responsabilité collective de réparer les pollutions passées ne peut être portée que par le consommateur, en relevant le plafond des agences de l’eau, ou par le contribuable, en créant une charge budgétaire nouvelle. Certains parlementaires ont ainsi envisagé la création par le PLF d’un fonds Bleu, qui soutiendra les investissements des collectivités sur le modèle du fonds Vert. À ce jour, aucune de ces options n’a fait l’objet d’un arbitrage et nous sommes prêts à en discuter. En attendant, je répète que les propositions qui figurent dans la proposition de loi sont au mieux inefficaces, au pire contre-productives. Avis favorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426951",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426951"
   ],
   "order": 224,
   "text": "Vous ne pouvez pas dire que les industriels ont respecté la loi et ignoraient la situation alors que le problème des Pfas est connu depuis des années. On continue à rejeter du PFOA – acide perfluorooctanoïque –, alors qu’il est interdit depuis 2020. On continue à rejeter du Pfos – acide perfluorooctanesulfonique –, alors que son utilisation est réglementée depuis 2009. On continue de fabriquer de nouveaux polluants : je vous ai parlé ce matin du bisphénol A fluoré. Il est donc normal, en application du principe pollueur-payeur, que les industriels participent à la dépollution.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 224,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426951",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 95,
   "annotation_id": "Nea57d23ba9e4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous ne pouvez pas dire que les industriels ont respecté la loi et ignoraient la situation alors que le problème des Pfas est connu depuis des années. On continue à rejeter du PFOA – acide perfluorooctanoïque –, alors qu’il est interdit depuis 2020. On continue à rejeter du Pfos – acide perfluorooctanesulfonique –, alors que son utilisation est réglementée depuis 2009. On continue de fabriquer de nouveaux polluants : je vous ai parlé ce matin du bisphénol A fluoré. Il est donc normal, en application du principe pollueur-payeur, que les industriels participent à la dépollution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426841",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426841"
   ],
   "order": 226,
   "text": "Pour certains d’entre eux, la charge sera d’ailleurs indolore, alors qu’elle serait lourde à porter pour les collectivités. Ce n’est donc pas aux contribuables ni aux collectivités de payer, mais bien aux industriels : ce qu’ils ont abîmé, ils doivent le réparer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 226,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426841",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "N31c670b47b87",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour certains d’entre eux, la charge sera d’ailleurs indolore, alors qu’elle serait lourde à porter pour les collectivités. Ce n’est donc pas aux contribuables ni aux collectivités de payer, mais bien aux industriels : ce qu’ils ont abîmé, ils doivent le réparer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426843",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426843"
   ],
   "order": 228,
   "text": "Nous sommes opposés non à l’application du principe pollueur-payeur, mais à la création d’une taxe dont les produits iraient alimenter directement les caisses de l’État, comme je l’ai déjà expliqué à propos du plafond mordant des agences de l’eau. Si les amendements de suppression ne sont pas votés, un amendement ultérieur viendra préciser nos propositions. Enfin, je note que le Gouvernement a donné un avis favorable aux amendements de Mme Ménard et de mon collègue Meurin : je vous remercie, monsieur le ministre, pour cette évolution positive. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 228,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426843",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "N775e3a0a0a79",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes opposés non à l’application du principe pollueur-payeur, mais à la création d’une taxe dont les produits iraient alimenter directement les caisses de l’État, comme je l’ai déjà expliqué à propos du plafond mordant des agences de l’eau. Si les amendements de suppression ne sont pas votés, un amendement ultérieur viendra préciser nos propositions. Enfin, je note que le Gouvernement a donné un avis favorable aux amendements de Mme Ménard et de mon collègue Meurin : je vous remercie, monsieur le ministre, pour cette évolution positive. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426848",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426848"
   ],
   "order": 233,
   "text": "Il faut financer la dépollution d’activités naguère autorisées, pas toujours industrielles. Je reconnais qu’il n’est pas simple de trouver une solution, mais vouloir que les utilisateurs des Pfas de demain paient pour ceux des Pfas d’hier, de surcroît avec une redevance qui a vocation à s’éteindre car nous travaillons à réduire les émissions, est une solution vraiment kafkaïenne. Il faudra en imaginer d’autres ensemble, et j’espère que nous trouverons un consensus, mais je le répète : vos propositions sont contre-productives.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 233,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426848",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "Nf2364c1cf741",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut financer la dépollution d’activités naguère autorisées, pas toujours industrielles. Je reconnais qu’il n’est pas simple de trouver une solution, mais vouloir que les utilisateurs des Pfas de demain paient pour ceux des Pfas d’hier, de surcroît avec une redevance qui a vocation à s’éteindre car nous travaillons à réduire les émissions, est une solution vraiment kafkaïenne. Il faudra en imaginer d’autres ensemble, et j’espère que nous trouverons un consensus, mais je le répète : vos propositions sont contre-productives."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426850",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426850"
   ],
   "order": 235,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, la redevance ne vise pas la pollution historique mais taxerait les entreprises sur la base du volume de leur rejet actuel des Pfas dans l’environnement. Chers collègues, ayez conscience que quel que soit le sort de la proposition de loi, la détection des polluants éternels dans l’eau sera rendue obligatoire par l’Union européenne en 2026. Or l’expérience des États-Unis est riche d’enseignements : la dépollution, quelle que soit la technique utilisée – charbon actif ou osmose inversée – coûte extrêmement cher. Pour une grande collectivité, telle qu’une métropole, le coût est déjà difficile à supporter. Pour les communes petites ou moyennes, la charge sera insurmontable et certaines connaîtront d’immenses difficultés.Les industriels présents dans les territoires et qui rejettent actuellement des Pfas dans l’environnement doivent participer à une partie du financement de la dépollution, qui ne doit pas reposer intégralement sur les consommateurs, déjà touchés quand ils habitent près des usines et en subissent les désagréments. La contribution du secteur privé est parfaitement acceptable, d’autant que le niveau de la taxe est tout à fait raisonnable. Pensez donc aux petites collectivités qui seront devant un mur en 2026 !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 235,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426850",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 191,
   "annotation_id": "N6c71fd10deac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, la redevance ne vise pas la pollution historique mais taxerait les entreprises sur la base du volume de leur rejet actuel des Pfas dans l’environnement. Chers collègues, ayez conscience que quel que soit le sort de la proposition de loi, la détection des polluants éternels dans l’eau sera rendue obligatoire par l’Union européenne en 2026. Or l’expérience des États-Unis est riche d’enseignements : la dépollution, quelle que soit la technique utilisée – charbon actif ou osmose inversée – coûte extrêmement cher. Pour une grande collectivité, telle qu’une métropole, le coût est déjà difficile à supporter. Pour les communes petites ou moyennes, la charge sera insurmontable et certaines connaîtront d’immenses difficultés.Les industriels présents dans les territoires et qui rejettent actuellement des Pfas dans l’environnement doivent participer à une partie du financement de la dépollution, qui ne doit pas reposer intégralement sur les consommateurs, déjà touchés quand ils habitent près des usines et en subissent les désagréments. La contribution du secteur privé est parfaitement acceptable, d’autant que le niveau de la taxe est tout à fait raisonnable. Pensez donc aux petites collectivités qui seront devant un mur en 2026 !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426853",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426853"
   ],
   "order": 238,
   "text": "Le débat est important et mérite de la précision. J’ai entendu dire que seules les grandes entreprises paieront. Non, toutes les entreprises – petites, moyennes, grandes – qui rejettent des Pfas paieront !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 238,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426853",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N21fc99c9663f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le débat est important et mérite de la précision. J’ai entendu dire que seules les grandes entreprises paieront. Non, toutes les entreprises – petites, moyennes, grandes – qui rejettent des Pfas paieront !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426855",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426855"
   ],
   "order": 240,
   "text": "Vous voulez taxer les flux futurs, les émissions de Pfas à venir. Je vais vous donner un exemple très concret, au risque de rouvrir le débat de ce matin : l’usine Seb de Rumilly émet des Pfas, dont vous voulez réduire l’émission, qui sera taxée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 240,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426855",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N026f344800c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous voulez taxer les flux futurs, les émissions de Pfas à venir. Je vais vous donner un exemple très concret, au risque de rouvrir le débat de ce matin : l’usine Seb de Rumilly émet des Pfas, dont vous voulez réduire l’émission, qui sera taxée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426857",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426857"
   ],
   "order": 242,
   "text": "Le député Ruffin nous l’a suffisamment rappelé ce matin : un certain nombre de sites industriels ont fermé en France ces dernières années. Juste à côté de Seb, se trouvait une usine de skis qui émettait des Pfas. Celle-ci a fermé et donc vous allez faire payer à Seb les émissions passées : c’est mécanique !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 242,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426857",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N16088d4f583f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le député Ruffin nous l’a suffisamment rappelé ce matin : un certain nombre de sites industriels ont fermé en France ces dernières années. Juste à côté de Seb, se trouvait une usine de skis qui émettait des Pfas. Celle-ci a fermé et donc vous allez faire payer à Seb les émissions passées : c’est mécanique !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426860",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426860"
   ],
   "order": 245,
   "text": "Quand vous financez la dépollution de la production passée par des usines actuelles, vous n’appliquez pas le principe pollueur-payeur, mais le principe suivant : les producteurs de demain, aussi vertueux soient-ils, paieront pour les pollueurs d’hier. Je le répète, monsieur le rapporteur : nous souhaitons trouver des solutions efficaces pour que la dépollution n’incombe pas aux communes. Nous sommes d’accord sur ce point.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 245,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426860",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "N9bb5ae6bd5bd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quand vous financez la dépollution de la production passée par des usines actuelles, vous n’appliquez pas le principe pollueur-payeur, mais le principe suivant : les producteurs de demain, aussi vertueux soient-ils, paieront pour les pollueurs d’hier. Je le répète, monsieur le rapporteur : nous souhaitons trouver des solutions efficaces pour que la dépollution n’incombe pas aux communes. Nous sommes d’accord sur ce point."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426868",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426868"
   ],
   "order": 255,
   "text": "On peut ne pas être d’accord, mais ne donnons pas l’impression que l’argent des industriels tombe du ciel et que mettre à contribution les Français serait une spoliation du bien collectif…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 255,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426868",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N8579425fb808",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "On peut ne pas être d’accord, mais ne donnons pas l’impression que l’argent des industriels tombe du ciel et que mettre à contribution les Français serait une spoliation du bien collectif…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426870",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426870"
   ],
   "order": 257,
   "text": "Si vous continuez à m’invectiver de cette façon, je vais aller faire autre chose et vous n’aurez pas de réponse du Gouvernement ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.) C’est ce que vous voulez ? Jusqu’à présent, nous avons eu des discussions de fond, à peu près acceptables. Si vous préférez que je me contente de donner l’avis du Gouvernement, je le ferai. Croyez-vous que le débat parlementaire en sera enrichi ? Avis favorable aux amendements de suppression.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 257,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426870",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "Ne8803cb122a0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si vous continuez à m’invectiver de cette façon, je vais aller faire autre chose et vous n’aurez pas de réponse du Gouvernement ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].) C’est ce que vous voulez ? Jusqu’à présent, nous avons eu des discussions de fond, à peu près acceptables. Si vous préférez que je me contente de donner l’avis du Gouvernement, je le ferai. Croyez-vous que le débat parlementaire en sera enrichi ? Avis favorable aux amendements de suppression."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426878",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426878"
   ],
   "order": 265,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous avez besoin d’un soutien plus fort de la majorité. Sur le scrutin précédent, seuls les groupes Rassemblement national et Les Républicains ont suivi votre avis, c’est quand même surprenant ! Cet amendement propose une solution alternative à la rédaction actuelle de l’article 2. Il vise à diriger les recettes des redevances des entreprises qui rejettent des Pfas, non vers les agences de l’eau – c’est-à-dire finalement vers le budget de l’État –, mais vers l’Office français de la biodiversité, afin de bénéficier plus directement à la défense de l’environnement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "70",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 265,
   "amendments": [
    "70"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426878",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N7868199525f6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous avez besoin d’un soutien plus fort de la majorité. Sur le scrutin précédent, seuls les groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ont suivi votre avis, c’est quand même surprenant ! Cet amendement propose une solution alternative à la rédaction actuelle de l’article 2. Il vise à diriger les recettes des redevances des entreprises qui rejettent des Pfas, non vers les agences de l’eau – c’est-à-dire finalement vers le budget de l’État –, mais vers l’Office français de la biodiversité, afin de bénéficier plus directement à la défense de l’environnement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426884",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426884"
   ],
   "order": 271,
   "text": "Notre groupe a voté contre les amendements de suppression mais nous nous abstiendrons sur le vote de l’article 2. La question de la redevance est importante dans ce débat. Je rejoins M. le ministre sur plusieurs points. Premièrement, la question relève du PLF. Deuxièmement, le sujet de la qualité de l’eau est beaucoup plus large que le seul sujet des Pfas et ne peut se résoudre que par la seule redevance sur les entreprises polluantes. Il faut aborder le sujet d’une manière beaucoup plus globale. Nous l’avons déjà dit en commission : nous ne voulons pas voter contre la redevance, car nous approuvons le principe qui veut que les entreprises polluantes contribuent à la dépollution de l’eau, mais nous ne voterons pas pour l’article 2 pour les raisons que je viens d’exposer.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 271,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426884",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "Naa6904a02a09",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Notre groupe a voté contre les amendements de suppression mais nous nous abstiendrons sur le vote de l’article 2. La question de la redevance est importante dans ce débat. Je rejoins M. le ministre sur plusieurs points. Premièrement, la question relève du PLF. Deuxièmement, le sujet de la qualité de l’eau est beaucoup plus large que le seul sujet des Pfas et ne peut se résoudre que par la seule redevance sur les entreprises polluantes. Il faut aborder le sujet d’une manière beaucoup plus globale. Nous l’avons déjà dit en commission : nous ne voulons pas voter contre la redevance, car nous approuvons le principe qui veut que les entreprises polluantes contribuent à la dépollution de l’eau, mais nous ne voterons pas pour l’article 2 pour les raisons que je viens d’exposer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426890",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426890"
   ],
   "order": 277,
   "text": "Il exprime notre préoccupation s’agissant des pollutions passées et à venir. Les autorités organisatrices de la dépollution vont devoir chiffrer, planifier et engager chaque année des moyens pour faire face à de hauts niveaux de pollution. Les recettes que vous proposez, monsieur le rapporteur, portent sur les rejets à venir et donc sur le financement des dépollutions à venir.C’est pourquoi, afin que les usagers domestiques de l’eau du robinet ne soient pas les seuls à supporter la charge des dépollutions à venir – qui vont durer quelques décennies – et afin qu’un fonds Pfas puisse être financé durablement, nous proposons une redevance qui s’appliquerait uniquement aux industries classées comme productrices de Pfas, sur les mètres cubes réellement consommés, prélevés et rejetés dans les milieux naturels. Pour les entreprises comme pour toutes les personnes morales, les charges relatives à l’eau et les redevances y afférentes sont déductibles du résultat fiscal et permettent de réduire le montant du bénéfice imposable au titre de l’impôt sur les sociétés. La redevance proposée ne pénalisera donc en rien les entreprises qu’elle concernera. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "120",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 277,
   "amendments": [
    "120"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426890",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 184,
   "annotation_id": "N9cce5f373926",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il exprime notre préoccupation s’agissant des pollutions passées et à venir. Les autorités organisatrices de la dépollution vont devoir chiffrer, planifier et engager chaque année des moyens pour faire face à de hauts niveaux de pollution. Les recettes que vous proposez, monsieur le rapporteur, portent sur les rejets à venir et donc sur le financement des dépollutions à venir.C’est pourquoi, afin que les usagers domestiques de l’eau du robinet ne soient pas les seuls à supporter la charge des dépollutions à venir – qui vont durer quelques décennies – et afin qu’un fonds Pfas puisse être financé durablement, nous proposons une redevance qui s’appliquerait uniquement aux industries classées comme productrices de Pfas, sur les mètres cubes réellement consommés, prélevés et rejetés dans les milieux naturels. Pour les entreprises comme pour toutes les personnes morales, les charges relatives à l’eau et les redevances y afférentes sont déductibles du résultat fiscal et permettent de réduire le montant du bénéfice imposable au titre de l’impôt sur les sociétés. La redevance proposée ne pénalisera donc en rien les entreprises qu’elle concernera. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426893",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426893"
   ],
   "order": 280,
   "text": "Vous souhaitez faire peser une redevance sur les entreprises qui ont émis des Pfas dans le passé et ont ainsi pollué l’environnement. Néanmoins, dans l’exposé des motifs, vous mentionnez la production actuelle de Pfas par certaines entreprises. Je ne saurais dire si vous visez de fait la production passée pour internaliser la pollution historique, ou bien le flux de pollution.Dans tous les cas, il paraît difficile, à ce stade, d’évaluer rapidement le coût de la dépollution pour fixer le barème de la redevance.Je défends plutôt l’article 2 dans sa version actuelle – à l’exception d’un aménagement que je proposerai avec l’amendement no 77 –, prévoyant une redevance au tarif ambitieux, calculée en fonction des rejets annuels de Pfas opérés par ceux dont l’activité n’est pas assimilable à une activité domestique. C’est pourquoi je vous invite à retirer votre amendement ; à défaut, j’émets un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 280,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426893",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "Nb39cec3f43d2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous souhaitez faire peser une redevance sur les entreprises qui ont émis des Pfas dans le passé et ont ainsi pollué l’environnement. Néanmoins, dans l’exposé des motifs, vous mentionnez la production actuelle de Pfas par certaines entreprises. Je ne saurais dire si vous visez de fait la production passée pour internaliser la pollution historique, ou bien le flux de pollution.Dans tous les cas, il paraît difficile, à ce stade, d’évaluer rapidement le coût de la dépollution pour fixer le barème de la redevance.Je défends plutôt l’article 2 dans sa version actuelle – à l’exception d’un aménagement que je proposerai avec l’amendement no 77 –, prévoyant une redevance au tarif ambitieux, calculée en fonction des rejets annuels de Pfas opérés par ceux dont l’activité n’est pas assimilable à une activité domestique. C’est pourquoi je vous invite à retirer votre amendement ; à défaut, j’émets un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428537",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428537"
   ],
   "order": 290,
   "text": "Il apporte une clarification : les personnes qui devront s’acquitter de la redevance pour pollution de l’eau sont celles qui exploitent une installation classée pour la protection de l’environnement soumise à autorisation. Le périmètre est ainsi plus précis. Cet amendement permet, en outre, de répondre aux remarques de M. le ministre. En effet, les personnes ou les entreprises les plus susceptibles de rejeter de telles substances directement dans le milieu naturel ou par l’intermédiaire d’un réseau de collecte sont des installations classées, notamment celles qui produisent lesdites substances.Le présent amendement permet également de s’assurer que certains services publics – notamment les pompiers – ne seront pas ciblés par la redevance.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "120",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 290,
   "amendments": [
    "120"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428537",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 110,
   "annotation_id": "N6747253b5dd1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il apporte une clarification : les personnes qui devront s’acquitter de la redevance pour pollution de l’eau sont celles qui exploitent une installation classée pour la protection de l’environnement soumise à autorisation. Le périmètre est ainsi plus précis. Cet amendement permet, en outre, de répondre aux remarques de M. le ministre. En effet, les personnes ou les entreprises les plus susceptibles de rejeter de telles substances directement dans le milieu naturel ou par l’intermédiaire d’un réseau de collecte sont des installations classées, notamment celles qui produisent lesdites substances.Le présent amendement permet également de s’assurer que certains services publics – notamment les pompiers – ne seront pas ciblés par la redevance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428540",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428540"
   ],
   "order": 293,
   "text": "J’avais défendu un amendement similaire en commission, qui avait reçu un avis défavorable. Il a depuis été retravaillé, en lien avec le rapporteur. En effet, dans la rédaction initiale du texte, toute personne utilisant ou rejetant des Pfas était soumise à la redevance. Or qui répand des Pfas dans les milieux naturels ? Ce sont les industriels, bien sûr, mais aussi les agriculteurs – certains produits phytosanitaires sont des Pfas – et les pompiers. Là est toute la subtilité. Est-il normal de les faire payer ? Le service départemental d’incendie et de secours (Sdis), qui utilise les Pfas à bon escient, doit-il être soumis à la redevance ? Non. Je l’avais signalé au rapporteur en commission, car je pense qu’il convient d’exempter de redevance tant les pompiers que les agriculteurs.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "117",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 293,
   "amendments": [
    "117"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428540",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 130,
   "annotation_id": "N3c0425e4fd47",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’avais défendu un amendement similaire en commission, qui avait reçu un avis défavorable. Il a depuis été retravaillé, en lien avec le rapporteur. En effet, dans la rédaction initiale du texte, toute personne utilisant ou rejetant des Pfas était soumise à la redevance. Or qui répand des Pfas dans les milieux naturels ? Ce sont les industriels, bien sûr, mais aussi les agriculteurs – certains produits phytosanitaires sont des Pfas – et les pompiers. Là est toute la subtilité. Est-il normal de les faire payer ? Le service départemental d’incendie et de secours (Sdis), qui utilise les Pfas à bon escient, doit-il être soumis à la redevance ? Non. Je l’avais signalé au rapporteur en commission, car je pense qu’il convient d’exempter de redevance tant les pompiers que les agriculteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428542",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428542"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "Pour information, j’émettrai un avis défavorable à tous les amendements déposés sur l’article 2. J’ai déjà expliqué les raisons pour lesquelles le Gouvernement est favorable à un débat en projet de loi de finances sur le financement de ces activités.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 295,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428542",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "Nd97786e89ed6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour information, j’émettrai un avis défavorable à tous les amendements déposés sur l’article 2. J’ai déjà expliqué les raisons pour lesquelles le Gouvernement est favorable à un débat en projet de loi de finances sur le financement de ces activités."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794946",
   "speaker": "Antoine Villedieu",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Villedieu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428546",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428546"
   ],
   "order": 299,
   "text": "Seuls les rejets nets de Pfas ou intentionnellement ajoutées dans le milieu naturel par les industriels doivent faire l’objet d’une redevance. Dans le cas de l’eau utilisée par les industriels, il conviendrait de mesurer la quantité de Pfas à l’entrée et à la sortie de l’usine, afin de déterminer ce qui est concrètement rejeté dans le milieu naturel par l’industriel.Vous avez souligné en commission qu’il serait difficile de connaître le taux de Pfas à l’entrée de l’usine : toutefois, il est possible d’utiliser les mêmes méthodes de calcul et de mesure à l’entrée et à la sortie. Surtout, il est souhaitable de ne prendre en compte que les rejets nets de l’industriel, afin que le principe du pollueur-payeur s’applique de manière claire.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "22",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 299,
   "amendments": [
    "22"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428546",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "N6969d4cc198a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Seuls les rejets nets de Pfas ou intentionnellement ajoutées dans le milieu naturel par les industriels doivent faire l’objet d’une redevance. Dans le cas de l’eau utilisée par les industriels, il conviendrait de mesurer la quantité de Pfas à l’entrée et à la sortie de l’usine, afin de déterminer ce qui est concrètement rejeté dans le milieu naturel par l’industriel.Vous avez souligné en commission qu’il serait difficile de connaître le taux de Pfas à l’entrée de l’usine : toutefois, il est possible d’utiliser les mêmes méthodes de calcul et de mesure à l’entrée et à la sortie. Surtout, il est souhaitable de ne prendre en compte que les rejets nets de l’industriel, afin que le principe du pollueur-payeur s’applique de manière claire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428549",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428549"
   ],
   "order": 302,
   "text": "Les dispositions de l’article L. 213-10-2 du code de l’environnement actuellement en vigueur, qui s’appliqueront à la redevance nouvellement créée par l’article 2, satisfont votre amendement. En effet, l’industriel peut déjà demander que le suivi des rejets ait pour objet de mesurer « la pollution annuelle ajoutée par l’activité ». Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 302,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428549",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N98c72e7f4fd5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les dispositions de l’article L. 213-10-2 du code de l’environnement actuellement en vigueur, qui s’appliqueront à la redevance nouvellement créée par l’article 2, satisfont votre amendement. En effet, l’industriel peut déjà demander que le suivi des rejets ait pour objet de mesurer « la pollution annuelle ajoutée par l’activité ». Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428559",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428559"
   ],
   "order": 312,
   "text": "Il précise que, pour des raisons évidentes d’équité, seules sont prises en compte dans le calcul de la redevance pour l’eau potable les Pfas ajoutées intentionnellement dans le milieu et non l’ensemble des rejets, afin d’en exclure les pollutions historiques générées en amont, qui ne sont pas imputables aux industriels.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "11",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 312,
   "amendments": [
    "11"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428559",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N280a7af1dcc9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il précise que, pour des raisons évidentes d’équité, seules sont prises en compte dans le calcul de la redevance pour l’eau potable les Pfas ajoutées intentionnellement dans le milieu et non l’ensemble des rejets, afin d’en exclure les pollutions historiques générées en amont, qui ne sont pas imputables aux industriels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428565",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428565"
   ],
   "order": 318,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Vous proposez de renvoyer à un décret la fixation du taux de la redevance. Pourquoi refuser d’inscrire directement ce taux dans la loi, en prenant le risque que le décret ne soit publié qu’après un certain délai ? À l’issue des auditions de plusieurs ministères notamment, nous disposons des informations nécessaires pour fixer un taux juste. Il est donc de notre responsabilité de prendre cette décision dès aujourd’hui.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 318,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428565",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N48c9dc78b29e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Vous proposez de renvoyer à un décret la fixation du taux de la redevance. Pourquoi refuser d’inscrire directement ce taux dans la loi, en prenant le risque que le décret ne soit publié qu’après un certain délai ? À l’issue des auditions de plusieurs ministères notamment, nous disposons des informations nécessaires pour fixer un taux juste. Il est donc de notre responsabilité de prendre cette décision dès aujourd’hui."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428569",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428569"
   ],
   "order": 322,
   "text": "La raison pour laquelle nous pensons qu’il n’est pas judicieux de fixer dès à présent le tarif de la redevance à 100 euros par 100 grammes est que, dans la version originale du texte, celui-ci était de 1 000 euros par kilogramme. La fixation du tarif peut évoluer, à la hausse comme à la baisse, et il peut y avoir débat sur le sujet. Il ne nous semble pas utile de l’inscrire dans la loi, ce tarif pouvant être décidé ultérieurement par décret.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 322,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428569",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "N6711554d0547",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La raison pour laquelle nous pensons qu’il n’est pas judicieux de fixer dès à présent le tarif de la redevance à 100 euros par 100 grammes est que, dans la version originale du texte, celui-ci était de 1 000 euros par kilogramme. La fixation du tarif peut évoluer, à la hausse comme à la baisse, et il peut y avoir débat sur le sujet. Il ne nous semble pas utile de l’inscrire dans la loi, ce tarif pouvant être décidé ultérieurement par décret."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428573",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428573"
   ],
   "order": 326,
   "text": "Il me donne l’occasion d’évoquer le rapport d’information de nos collègues Yannick Haury et Vincent Descoeur sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique, dont l’une des recommandations était d’élargir l’assiette de la redevance pour pollutions diffuses de l’eau aux Pfas. Le sujet a été largement évoqué, mais il était important de le citer. Je retire mon amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3426783",
   "amendment": "71",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 326,
   "amendments": [
    "71"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428573",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N12615897dfc6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il me donne l’occasion d’évoquer le rapport d’information de nos collègues [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique, dont l’une des recommandations était d’élargir l’assiette de la redevance pour pollutions diffuses de l’eau aux Pfas. Le sujet a été largement évoqué, mais il était important de le citer. Je retire mon amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428581",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428581"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, nous demandons aux agences régionales de santé (ARS) de présenter, dans un délai de six mois à compter de la promulgation de la loi, le niveau d’exposition de la population aux Pfas.Ces niveaux d’exposition revêtent plusieurs paramètres : tout d’abord, pour renforcer la transparence au niveau local sur les niveaux de contamination, le Gouvernement prévoit le déploiement d’une cartographie qui rassemblerait les données sur les sites producteurs, émetteurs et utilisateurs de Pfas, ainsi qu’une surveillance des milieux ; ensuite, concernant les données sur l’exposition interne des populations locales aux Pfas, il est difficile de produire des chiffres dans les délais impartis.Toutefois, en cohérence avec la préoccupation légitime de la population en matière de sécurité de l’eau, cet amendement tend à ce que les ARS rendent public leur programme d’analyses. Il prévoit également que le ministère chargé de la santé et de la prévention réalise un bilan annuel spécifique sur les Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428579",
   "amendment": "96",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 334,
   "amendments": [
    "96"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428581",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 154,
   "annotation_id": "N86d1fa8274d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ST",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, nous demandons aux agences régionales de santé (ARS) de présenter, dans un délai de six mois à compter de la promulgation de la loi, le niveau d’exposition de la population aux Pfas.Ces niveaux d’exposition revêtent plusieurs paramètres : tout d’abord, pour renforcer la transparence au niveau local sur les niveaux de contamination, le Gouvernement prévoit le déploiement d’une cartographie qui rassemblerait les données sur les sites producteurs, émetteurs et utilisateurs de Pfas, ainsi qu’une surveillance des milieux ; ensuite, concernant les données sur l’exposition interne des populations locales aux Pfas, il est difficile de produire des chiffres dans les délais impartis.Toutefois, en cohérence avec la préoccupation légitime de la population en matière de sécurité de l’eau, cet amendement tend à ce que les ARS rendent public leur programme d’analyses. Il prévoit également que le ministère chargé de la santé et de la prévention réalise un bilan annuel spécifique sur les Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428586",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428586"
   ],
   "order": 339,
   "text": "Il faut que tout le monde prenne bien conscience de l’importance de ce sujet ; les acteurs industriels l’ont fait, mais je ne suis pas sûr que ce soit le cas de nos concitoyens. La transparence de l’information est importante à cet égard, tant au niveau régional que national, pour suivre les pollutions aux Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428579",
   "amendment": "96",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 339,
   "amendments": [
    "96"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428586",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N22dc9abd601d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut que tout le monde prenne bien conscience de l’importance de ce sujet ; les acteurs industriels l’ont fait, mais je ne suis pas sûr que ce soit le cas de nos concitoyens. La transparence de l’information est importante à cet égard, tant au niveau régional que national, pour suivre les pollutions aux Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428588",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428588"
   ],
   "order": 341,
   "text": "J’approuve votre proposition de rédaction de l’article 2 bis, qui viendrait se substituer à la version du texte soumise à votre examen. Il me semble en effet davantage opportun d’inscrire dans la loi une obligation pour les agences régionales de santé de publier les résultats des analyses de détection et de quantification des Pfas dans l’eau potable et de publier, en amont, leur programme d’analyses. Dans un souci de transparence, une telle mesure serait la bienvenue. Avis favorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428579",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 341,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428588",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "Nff7f3470ec65",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’approuve votre proposition de rédaction de l’article 2 bis, qui viendrait se substituer à la version du texte soumise à votre examen. Il me semble en effet davantage opportun d’inscrire dans la loi une obligation pour les agences régionales de santé de publier les résultats des analyses de détection et de quantification des Pfas dans l’eau potable et de publier, en amont, leur programme d’analyses. Dans un souci de transparence, une telle mesure serait la bienvenue. Avis favorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428597",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428597"
   ],
   "order": 350,
   "text": "L’objectif est de demander au Gouvernement de remettre un rapport présentant l’état des données disponibles en matière d’exposition de la population aux Pfas, afin que les collectivités puissent en disposer ou, si elles sont manquantes, les coconstruire avec les services déconcentrés de l’État. Cela leur permettrait de déterminer ensuite les leviers à actionner dans les territoires au bénéfice des populations.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428595",
   "amendment": "35",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 350,
   "amendments": [
    "35"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428597",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N073cb923a424",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’objectif est de demander au Gouvernement de remettre un rapport présentant l’état des données disponibles en matière d’exposition de la population aux Pfas, afin que les collectivités puissent en disposer ou, si elles sont manquantes, les coconstruire avec les services déconcentrés de l’État. Cela leur permettrait de déterminer ensuite les leviers à actionner dans les territoires au bénéfice des populations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794946",
   "speaker": "Antoine Villedieu",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Villedieu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428603",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428603"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, nous demandons un rapport visant à identifier les populations les plus exposées aux risques de contamination aux Pfas. Le nombre de Pfas existantes est tel qu’il est impossible pour les laboratoires de toutes les connaître. De ce fait, il est également difficile pour les autorités sanitaires de mesurer les impacts réels de ces substances sur la santé des populations. Cette demande de rapport vise donc à déterminer quelles sont les substances les plus à risques en fonction de la population considérée et quelles populations devraient être étudiées en priorité.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428595",
   "amendment": "26",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 356,
   "amendments": [
    "26"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428603",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 92,
   "annotation_id": "N3a27b35eab8b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, nous demandons un rapport visant à identifier les populations les plus exposées aux risques de contamination aux Pfas. Le nombre de Pfas existantes est tel qu’il est impossible pour les laboratoires de toutes les connaître. De ce fait, il est également difficile pour les autorités sanitaires de mesurer les impacts réels de ces substances sur la santé des populations. Cette demande de rapport vise donc à déterminer quelles sont les substances les plus à risques en fonction de la population considérée et quelles populations devraient être étudiées en priorité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794946",
   "speaker": "Antoine Villedieu",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Villedieu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428979",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428979"
   ],
   "order": 361,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’évaluer dans un rapport les coûts de dépollution des espaces contaminés par les Pfas. Différentes techniques de dépollution sont connues – le charbon actif, l’osmose inverse. Au-delà des coûts économiques et énergétiques qu’elles engendrent, elles sont parfois difficiles à appliquer techniquement. Les coûts de dépollution risquent d’être répercutés sur le tarif de l’eau et donc sur la facture des ménages. Avant d’engager de tels frais, il convient donc d’identifier des solutions de financement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428595",
   "amendment": "25",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 361,
   "amendments": [
    "25"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428979",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N6f28d46f89d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’évaluer dans un rapport les coûts de dépollution des espaces contaminés par les Pfas. Différentes techniques de dépollution sont connues – le charbon actif, l’osmose inverse. Au-delà des coûts économiques et énergétiques qu’elles engendrent, elles sont parfois difficiles à appliquer techniquement. Les coûts de dépollution risquent d’être répercutés sur le tarif de l’eau et donc sur la facture des ménages. Avant d’engager de tels frais, il convient donc d’identifier des solutions de financement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794946",
   "speaker": "Antoine Villedieu",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Villedieu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428984",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428984"
   ],
   "order": 366,
   "text": "Bien que les sites industriels soient identifiés comme contributeurs aux rejets des Pfas dans les milieux naturels, l’usage domestique de certains appareils peut également contribuer à cette pollution. C’est notamment le cas des machines à laver le linge, qui rejettent des Pfas dans les eaux usées quand les vêtements en contiennent. Plusieurs méthodes de filtrage existent pour dépolluer les eaux. Nous devons étudier l’adaptation de ces technologies pour une utilisation à plus grande échelle. Cette proposition est calquée sur les dispositions de la loi dite Agec – relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire – qui impose aux industriels la mise en place de filtres à microplastiques sur certains appareils à compter de 2025.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428595",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 366,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428984",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Ncecbca7f7db2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Bien que les sites industriels soient identifiés comme contributeurs aux rejets des Pfas dans les milieux naturels, l’usage domestique de certains appareils peut également contribuer à cette pollution. C’est notamment le cas des machines à laver le linge, qui rejettent des Pfas dans les eaux usées quand les vêtements en contiennent. Plusieurs méthodes de filtrage existent pour dépolluer les eaux. Nous devons étudier l’adaptation de ces technologies pour une utilisation à plus grande échelle. Cette proposition est calquée sur les dispositions de la loi dite Agec – relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire – qui impose aux industriels la mise en place de filtres à microplastiques sur certains appareils à compter de 2025."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428987",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428987"
   ],
   "order": 369,
   "text": "Nous proposons que dans un délai de six mois à compter de la promulgation de la présente loi, le Gouvernement remette au Parlement un rapport portant sur l’incinération des produits contenant des Pfas, qui étudie notamment les pistes envisagées pour les détruire. Je le rappelle, lors d’une récente audition de la commission des affaires européennes, l’Igedd a préconisé, afin de garantir leur destruction, un seuil de 1 350 degrés pour l’incinération. Enfin, les autorités organisatrices des services d’eau et d’assainissement font minéraliser en Belgique les concentrats présentant de hauts niveaux de Pfas. Il serait intéressant de disposer d’un rapport gouvernemental pour ouvrir des pistes de travail afin de les traiter en France. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428595",
   "amendment": "67",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 369,
   "amendments": [
    "67"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428987",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "N579b67918d07",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons que dans un délai de six mois à compter de la promulgation de la présente loi, le Gouvernement remette au Parlement un rapport portant sur l’incinération des produits contenant des Pfas, qui étudie notamment les pistes envisagées pour les détruire. Je le rappelle, lors d’une récente audition de la commission des affaires européennes, l’Igedd a préconisé, afin de garantir leur destruction, un seuil de 1 350 degrés pour l’incinération. Enfin, les autorités organisatrices des services d’eau et d’assainissement font minéraliser en Belgique les concentrats présentant de hauts niveaux de Pfas. Il serait intéressant de disposer d’un rapport gouvernemental pour ouvrir des pistes de travail afin de les traiter en France. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428989",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428989"
   ],
   "order": 371,
   "text": "Je partage l’intention qui a présidé à la rédaction de l’amendement. Toutefois, j’émettrai un avis défavorable car, dans le cadre de la navette parlementaire, je ne souhaite pas alourdir cette proposition d’un article additionnel. Demande de retrait ou défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3428595",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 371,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428989",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "Ndc576c79c6c3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage l’intention qui a présidé à la rédaction de l’amendement. Toutefois, j’émettrai un avis défavorable car, dans le cadre de la navette parlementaire, je ne souhaite pas alourdir cette proposition d’un article additionnel. Demande de retrait ou défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428998",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3428998"
   ],
   "order": 380,
   "text": "J’avais déposé un amendement relatif au financement de la dépollution. Je profite de l’examen de l’article 3 pour poser à nouveau la question – qui sera plus importante qu’on ne le croit. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous avez répondu qu’elle pourrait être examinée dans le cadre d’un plan. Si, pour les pollutions futures, nous pouvons appliquer le principe du pollueur-payeur, qu’en est-il des pollutions historiques ? Comment traiter les conséquences de décennies de rejets ?Les avis de la NUPES sont très changeants. Monsieur le rapporteur, l’article 2 fait payer les rejets – je suis d’accord, vous m’avez rejoint sur ce point –, mais je souhaiterais les stopper et supprimer la redevance. L’accès à une eau saine préoccupe des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens. Comment garantir qu’elle le soit, et comment financer les équipements permettant de la dépolluer ? Nous avons beaucoup discuté des pollutions historiques : est-ce les producteurs d’amiante qui financent les réparations de l’amiante ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 380,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3428998",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 158,
   "annotation_id": "N6bb87c440c00",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’avais déposé un amendement relatif au financement de la dépollution. Je profite de l’examen de l’article 3 pour poser à nouveau la question – qui sera plus importante qu’on ne le croit. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous avez répondu qu’elle pourrait être examinée dans le cadre d’un plan. Si, pour les pollutions futures, nous pouvons appliquer le principe du pollueur-payeur, qu’en est-il des pollutions historiques ? Comment traiter les conséquences de décennies de rejets ?Les avis de la [GROUPE] sont très changeants. Monsieur le rapporteur, l’article 2 fait payer les rejets – je suis d’accord, vous m’avez rejoint sur ce point –, mais je souhaiterais les stopper et supprimer la redevance. L’accès à une eau saine préoccupe des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens. Comment garantir qu’elle le soit, et comment financer les équipements permettant de la dépolluer ? Nous avons beaucoup discuté des pollutions historiques : est-ce les producteurs d’amiante qui financent les réparations de l’amiante ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429003",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429003"
   ],
   "order": 385,
   "text": "Qui doit financer la dépollution pour le chlordécone ? À l’occasion de l’examen récent d’une proposition de loi, nous avons estimé que c’était à l’État de le faire. La question reste entière, monsieur le ministre : équiper les stations de prélèvement d’eau coûtera des dizaines, voire des centaines de millions d’euros.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 385,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429003",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N2d8d40233d8d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Qui doit financer la dépollution pour le chlordécone ? À l’occasion de l’examen récent d’une proposition de loi, nous avons estimé que c’était à l’État de le faire. La question reste entière, monsieur le ministre : équiper les stations de prélèvement d’eau coûtera des dizaines, voire des centaines de millions d’euros."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429009",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429009"
   ],
   "order": 391,
   "text": "L’amendement qui a été retiré reflétait nos inquiétudes quant à ces pollutions, à la nécessité de dépolluer, et au financement de la dépollution – alors que les collectivités territoriales sont soumises à des charges croissantes. Monsieur le ministre, j’ai entendu votre position par rapport à la hausse des redevances pour les agences de l’eau. Je veillerai à son application. Nous pouvons tout de même conduire une étude d’impact sur la taxe que nous avons proposée – elle est juste et vient en complément de la cessation des rejets. Vous pourrez compter sur le groupe Horizons et apparentés pour travailler à vos côtés sur le prochain PLF.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 391,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429009",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N825b115a385e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement qui a été retiré reflétait nos inquiétudes quant à ces pollutions, à la nécessité de dépolluer, et au financement de la dépollution – alors que les collectivités territoriales sont soumises à des charges croissantes. Monsieur le ministre, j’ai entendu votre position par rapport à la hausse des redevances pour les agences de l’eau. Je veillerai à son application. Nous pouvons tout de même conduire une étude d’impact sur la taxe que nous avons proposée – elle est juste et vient en complément de la cessation des rejets. Vous pourrez compter sur le groupe [GROUPE] pour travailler à vos côtés sur le prochain PLF."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat (RE)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429014",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429014"
   ],
   "order": 397,
   "text": "Le groupe Renaissance votera ce texte. Nous saluons le compromis trouvé dans cette assemblée et les échanges globalement sereins – quoique parfois houleux. Je remercie monsieur le rapporteur pour son écoute. (M. Charles Fournier applaudit.) Nous avons voté l’interdiction des Pfas dans les cosmétiques, les farts et les textiles, nous apportons aux citoyens de la transparence et de l’information, nous prévenons leur exposition aux Pfas, et nous définissons une trajectoire pour tendre vers la fin des rejets. Il nous restera à préciser, en lien avec le Gouvernement, les modalités de financement de la dépollution, et à accompagner les collectivités territoriales. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. Isaac-Sibille applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 397,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429014",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N443df373da38",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPST",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] votera ce texte. Nous saluons le compromis trouvé dans cette assemblée et les échanges globalement sereins – quoique parfois houleux. Je remercie monsieur le rapporteur pour son écoute. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Nous avons voté l’interdiction des Pfas dans les cosmétiques, les farts et les textiles, nous apportons aux citoyens de la transparence et de l’information, nous prévenons leur exposition aux Pfas, et nous définissons une trajectoire pour tendre vers la fin des rejets. Il nous restera à préciser, en lien avec le Gouvernement, les modalités de financement de la dépollution, et à accompagner les collectivités territoriales. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. Isaac-Sibille applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon (RN)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429016",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429016"
   ],
   "order": 399,
   "text": "Ce texte risquait de provoquer une catastrophe industrielle – je l’avais indiqué dans mon intervention lors de la discussion générale. Heureusement, nous l’avons empêchée en supprimant l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 399,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429016",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N9637dc7861d6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte risquait de provoquer une catastrophe industrielle – je l’avais indiqué dans mon intervention lors de la discussion générale. Heureusement, nous l’avons empêchée en supprimant l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429018",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429018"
   ],
   "order": 401,
   "text": "Nous avons donc voté l’article 1er. En ce qui concerne l’article 2, j’ai exprimé nos réserves au sujet du produit de la taxe sur les entreprises – l’argent ira directement dans les caisses de l’État. Je ne reprendrai pas les arguments développés précédemment, mais c’est un point important.Le deuxième point concerne le montant fixe de la taxe supplémentaire – que vous appelez redevance –, lequel sera déterminé par la loi si ce texte est adopté – je l’ai souligné tout à l’heure. Nous jugions préférable qu’il soit fixé par décret. Nous souhaitions que seuls les rejets nets des entreprises soient soumis à cette redevance – mon collègue Villedieu l’a rappelé. Vous nous dites que cette condition est déjà satisfaite, mais vous aviez indiqué en commission qu’il n’était pas possible d’isoler l’apport des Pfas antérieur à l’activité de l’entreprise – nous sommes toujours suspicieux à cet égard.Je remercie de nouveau M. le ministre d’avoir donné des avis favorables à certains des amendements du groupe Rassemblement national. Des efforts sont encore nécessaires pour que votre majorité suive vos avis quand ils sont favorables à des amendements de mon groupe, mais nous avançons – peut-être que d’ici quelques mois, nous aurons franchi un nouveau pas. Si cette proposition ne nous donne pas entière satisfaction, elle n’est pas aussi catastrophique qu’elle aurait pu l’être. Mon groupe s’abstiendra donc. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 401,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429018",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 231,
   "annotation_id": "Nd72ef6550c4c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons donc voté l’article 1er. En ce qui concerne l’article 2, j’ai exprimé nos réserves au sujet du produit de la taxe sur les entreprises – l’argent ira directement dans les caisses de l’État. Je ne reprendrai pas les arguments développés précédemment, mais c’est un point important.Le deuxième point concerne le montant fixe de la taxe supplémentaire – que vous appelez redevance –, lequel sera déterminé par la loi si ce texte est adopté – je l’ai souligné tout à l’heure. Nous jugions préférable qu’il soit fixé par décret. Nous souhaitions que seuls les rejets nets des entreprises soient soumis à cette redevance – mon collègue Villedieu l’a rappelé. Vous nous dites que cette condition est déjà satisfaite, mais vous aviez indiqué en commission qu’il n’était pas possible d’isoler l’apport des Pfas antérieur à l’activité de l’entreprise – nous sommes toujours suspicieux à cet égard.Je remercie de nouveau M. le ministre d’avoir donné des avis favorables à certains des amendements du groupe [GROUPE]. Des efforts sont encore nécessaires pour que votre majorité suive vos avis quand ils sont favorables à des amendements de mon groupe, mais nous avançons – peut-être que d’ici quelques mois, nous aurons franchi un nouveau pas. Si cette proposition ne nous donne pas entière satisfaction, elle n’est pas aussi catastrophique qu’elle aurait pu l’être. Mon groupe s’abstiendra donc. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin (LR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429022",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429022"
   ],
   "order": 405,
   "text": "Les discussions sur ce texte visant à éliminer les Pfas – qui est aussi un texte d’appel très intéressant et utile – ont été très riches. Nous sommes tous attachés à la défense de la santé mais aussi à celle de l’emploi et de l’économie nationale. Le texte a été amélioré, toutefois, il n’est pas satisfaisant. Nous nous abstiendrons.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 405,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429022",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "N6ff6ed5e4152",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les discussions sur ce texte visant à éliminer les Pfas – qui est aussi un texte d’appel très intéressant et utile – ont été très riches. Nous sommes tous attachés à la défense de la santé mais aussi à celle de l’emploi et de l’économie nationale. Le texte a été amélioré, toutefois, il n’est pas satisfaisant. Nous nous abstiendrons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429025",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429025"
   ],
   "order": 408,
   "text": "Nous arrivons au terme de l’examen de ce texte, qui reprend en partie le contenu de la feuille de route que j’avais rédigée à la suite de mon rapport, notamment la cessation des rejets – je vous en remercie. La question du financement des équipements pour dépolluer l’eau est posée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 408,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429025",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "Nf14b13a17dcd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous arrivons au terme de l’examen de ce texte, qui reprend en partie le contenu de la feuille de route que j’avais rédigée à la suite de mon rapport, notamment la cessation des rejets – je vous en remercie. La question du financement des équipements pour dépolluer l’eau est posée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429343",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429343"
   ],
   "order": 410,
   "text": "En ce qui concerne les usages, nous envoyons à l’Europe le message que la France souhaite une restriction du règlement Reach – enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances. Ce n’est qu’un début.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 410,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429343",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "Nc7cf10fbb6a7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En ce qui concerne les usages, nous envoyons à l’Europe le message que la France souhaite une restriction du règlement Reach – enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances. Ce n’est qu’un début."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429027",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429027"
   ],
   "order": 412,
   "text": "La pollution aux Pfas demeurera un enjeu pendant plusieurs dizaines d’années. Nous devrons continuer à en éclairer les mécanismes. Nous avons posé aujourd’hui une première pierre. Grâce au rapporteur, nous sommes arrivés à un compromis acceptable – sur de nombreux aspects, pas tous. Le groupe Démocrate votera donc cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 412,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429027",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "Nfa2052aa65b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La pollution aux Pfas demeurera un enjeu pendant plusieurs dizaines d’années. Nous devrons continuer à en éclairer les mécanismes. Nous avons posé aujourd’hui une première pierre. Grâce au rapporteur, nous sommes arrivés à un compromis acceptable – sur de nombreux aspects, pas tous. Le groupe Démocrate votera donc cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429031",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429031"
   ],
   "order": 416,
   "text": "Je salue également le travail de compromis. Ce texte constitue une première étape importante pour affirmer la nécessité d’interdire les Pfas. Toutefois, sur le long terme, nous devrons travailler à des mesures encore plus ambitieuses. Je tiens ces propos au titre de la présidence du groupe santé et environnement de l’Assemblée nationale – qui travaille au quotidien sur ces questions. Je salue le rapporteur et la qualité des échanges. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Enfin, je conserve une vigilance accrue sur le principe du polleur-payeur – je n’abandonnerai pas sur le financement. Merci, monsieur le ministre, pour les engagements pris au banc. Le groupe Horizons et apparentés votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 416,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429031",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 137,
   "annotation_id": "N58f71b7390f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue également le travail de compromis. Ce texte constitue une première étape importante pour affirmer la nécessité d’interdire les Pfas. Toutefois, sur le long terme, nous devrons travailler à des mesures encore plus ambitieuses. Je tiens ces propos au titre de la présidence du groupe santé et environnement de l’Assemblée nationale – qui travaille au quotidien sur ces questions. Je salue le rapporteur et la qualité des échanges. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Enfin, je conserve une vigilance accrue sur le principe du polleur-payeur – je n’abandonnerai pas sur le financement. Merci, monsieur le ministre, pour les engagements pris au banc. Le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac (LIOT)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429033",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429033"
   ],
   "order": 418,
   "text": "Il y a un peu moins d’un an, j’avais présenté en commission du développement durable une proposition de loi sur les Pfas, qui avait été vidée de sa substance par la majorité de l’époque. J’alertais alors sur la nécessité de légiférer – faute de quoi les citoyens, les associations environnementales et les médias prendraient en charge ce dossier. C’est ce qu’il s’est passé. Il s’est ensuivi le plan d’action du Gouvernement et le rapport que Cyrille Isaac-Sibille a remis au Gouvernement. Je remercie Nicolas Thierry d’avoir préparé cette proposition de loi plus ambitieuse, qui comporte certaines innovations. Si nous regrettons qu’elle ait été vidée de sa substance sur certains aspects, c’est une première pierre. Je regrette que le Gouvernement ait envoyé le ministre de l’industrie et de l’énergie sur un sujet aussi important– c’est un mauvais signal.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 418,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429033",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 137,
   "annotation_id": "N011f4a4bb922",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a un peu moins d’un an, j’avais présenté en commission du développement durable une proposition de loi sur les Pfas, qui avait été vidée de sa substance par la majorité de l’époque. J’alertais alors sur la nécessité de légiférer – faute de quoi les citoyens, les associations environnementales et les médias prendraient en charge ce dossier. C’est ce qu’il s’est passé. Il s’est ensuivi le plan d’action du Gouvernement et le rapport que [PERSONNE] a remis au Gouvernement. Je remercie [PERSONNE] d’avoir préparé cette proposition de loi plus ambitieuse, qui comporte certaines innovations. Si nous regrettons qu’elle ait été vidée de sa substance sur certains aspects, c’est une première pierre. Je regrette que le Gouvernement ait envoyé le ministre de l’industrie et de l’énergie sur un sujet aussi important– c’est un mauvais signal."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429035",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429035"
   ],
   "order": 420,
   "text": "Nous aurions préféré que le ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires soit présent. Cela aurait été logique puisqu’il défend le plan d’action sur les Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 420,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429035",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nc4d85b2ba124",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous aurions préféré que le ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires soit présent. Cela aurait été logique puisqu’il défend le plan d’action sur les Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429037",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3429037"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "C’est la preuve que le Gouvernement n’a pas encore pleinement saisi l’intérêt de lutter contre les Pfas, ce qui me préoccupe. (M. Inaki Echaniz applaudit.) Le groupe LIOT votera évidemment en faveur de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LIOT, LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 422,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3429037",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "Ncfe1abd0ee80",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est la preuve que le Gouvernement n’a pas encore pleinement saisi l’intérêt de lutter contre les Pfas, ce qui me préoccupe. (M. Inaki Echaniz applaudit.) Le groupe LIOT votera évidemment en faveur de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LIOT, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426895",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426895"
   ],
   "order": 429,
   "text": "Chers collègues, le texte que nous venons d’adopter est un premier jalon dans la lutte contre les polluants éternels. Nous avons envoyé un message fort et pris une décision d’importance sur le principe du pollueur-payeur.Je regrette néanmoins que le lobby grossier d’un industriel ait pu trouver un écho auprès de députés de la majorité, de la droite et de l’extrême droite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 429,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426895",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Nbbeb7b2ea811",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues, le texte que nous venons d’adopter est un premier jalon dans la lutte contre les polluants éternels. Nous avons envoyé un message fort et pris une décision d’importance sur le principe du pollueur-payeur.Je regrette néanmoins que le lobby grossier d’un industriel ait pu trouver un écho auprès de députés de la majorité, de la droite et de l’extrême droite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28205",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169.xml",
   "source_sha256": "a07919011ca9eb8804dd03fff2b1508d60931b5c1859b4360af7fc627172d021",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426900",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426900"
   ],
   "order": 434,
   "text": "Je retiendrai toutefois les points positifs. Pour la première fois, l’Assemblée nationale adopte un texte pour lutter contre le fléau que constituent les polluants éternels. C’est une avancée majeure dont nous pouvons tous être fiers.Je me tournerai d’abord vers l’ensemble des personnes qui nous observent, parce qu’elles sont engagées d’une manière ou d’une autre dans cette lutte.Je pense avant tout aux victimes des Pfas, les salariés de sites du Rhône ou d’ailleurs dont le sang contient ces substances dans des proportions alarmantes.Je pense à l’ensemble des associations mobilisées : à Générations futures, pour sa précieuse expertise, à Notre Affaire à tous pour son engagement politique sur le terrain juridique (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES), à Bien vivre à Pierre-Bénite, à Ozon l’eau saine et Pfas contre terre, qui luttent contre la contamination massive de leurs territoires.Je pense à ces chercheurs déterminés à faire peser la science et uniquement la science dans le débat public. (Mme Cyrielle Chatelain applaudit.) J’aurai un mot particulier pour l’infatigable Pierre Labadie, directeur de recherche au CNRS. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)Je pense également aux journalistes d’investigation qui documentent minutieusement la contamination aux polluants éternels en France et en Europe.Je pense, bien sûr, aux activistes, à Camille Étienne, notamment (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES), et salue leur dévouement au service des générations futures et de l’intérêt général. Je sais que certains sont présents dans les tribunes.Je terminerai en remerciant les administrateurs de la commission qui m’ont accompagné dans ce parcours législatif, en particulier Olivia Sanson. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)Comptez sur nous : dès demain, nous serons à nouveau au travail pour lutter contre la civilisation des toxiques ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3428995",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 434,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N169-3426900",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 315,
   "annotation_id": "Nb0dd23a6a572",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je retiendrai toutefois les points positifs. Pour la première fois, l’Assemblée nationale adopte un texte pour lutter contre le fléau que constituent les polluants éternels. C’est une avancée majeure dont nous pouvons tous être fiers.Je me tournerai d’abord vers l’ensemble des personnes qui nous observent, parce qu’elles sont engagées d’une manière ou d’une autre dans cette lutte.Je pense avant tout aux victimes des Pfas, les salariés de sites du Rhône ou d’ailleurs dont le sang contient ces substances dans des proportions alarmantes.Je pense à l’ensemble des associations mobilisées : à Générations futures, pour sa précieuse expertise, à Notre Affaire à tous pour son engagement politique sur le terrain juridique (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]), à Bien vivre à Pierre-Bénite, à Ozon l’eau saine et Pfas contre terre, qui luttent contre la contamination massive de leurs territoires.Je pense à ces chercheurs déterminés à faire peser la science et uniquement la science dans le débat public. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) J’aurai un mot particulier pour l’infatigable Pierre Labadie, directeur de recherche au CNRS. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Je pense également aux journalistes d’investigation qui documentent minutieusement la contamination aux polluants éternels en France et en Europe.Je pense, bien sûr, aux activistes, à Camille Étienne, notamment (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]), et salue leur dévouement au service des générations futures et de l’intérêt général. Je sais que certains sont présents dans les tribunes.Je terminerai en remerciant les administrateurs de la commission qui m’ont accompagné dans ce parcours législatif, en particulier Olivia Sanson. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)Comptez sur nous : dès demain, nous serons à nouveau au travail pour lutter contre la civilisation des toxiques ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux, ministre de la justice",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349027",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349027"
   ],
   "order": 234,
   "text": "Madame la présidente, madame la ministre déléguée chargée de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes et de la lutte contre les discriminations – chère Aurore –, monsieur le président de la commission des lois,...",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 234,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349027",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N5a88d3fb4ae7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la présidente, madame la ministre déléguée chargée de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes et de la lutte contre les discriminations – chère Aurore –, monsieur le président de la commission des lois,..."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349029",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349029"
   ],
   "order": 236,
   "text": "Si cela vous fait plaisir : cher Sacha.…monsieur le rapporteur, mesdames, messieurs les députés, « Les filles comme moi gâchaient la journée des médecins. [...] elles les obligeaient à se rappeler la loi qui pouvait les envoyer en prison et leur interdire d’exercer pour toujours. Ils n’osaient pas dire la vérité, qu’ils n’allaient pas risquer de tout perdre pour les beaux yeux d’une demoiselle assez stupide pour se faire mettre en cloque. »C’est par ces mots que la narratrice du roman L’Événement, d’Annie Ernaux, se remémore les circonstances de son avortement clandestin en janvier 1964. Ces mots pourraient être ceux de nos mères, de nos sœurs, de nos grands-mères, de nos tantes, de nos amies. Ces mots pourraient être ceux de toutes les femmes qui ont vécu dans leur chair l’interdiction de l’avortement, ce sentiment de ne pas pouvoir disposer de leur corps, d’être à la merci d’une grossesse qu’elles ne désiraient pas.Ces mots et la souffrance qu’ils définissent nous obligent. Ils nous rappellent un fait simple : il n’y a pas de démocratie digne de ce nom lorsque la moitié de sa population ne peut s’émanciper. Non, une démocratie ne peut pas maîtriser son destin si les femmes qui y vivent n’ont pas la liberté de maîtriser le leur. La liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse (IVG) n’est pas une liberté comme les autres, car elle permet aux femmes de décider de leur avenir.L’histoire regorge d’exemples de libertés et droits fondamentaux, conquis au prix du sang et des larmes, que tous – je dis bien : tous – croyaient définitivement acquis, et qui, dans la stupeur ou l’indifférence, ont été balayés d’un revers de manche. C’est d’ailleurs l’histoire de la femme qui nous en offre les plus cruels exemples. Oui, les premiers droits qui disparaissent sont souvent ceux des femmes. C’est ce que nous a rappelé récemment la décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. Cet exemple rend plus que jamais criants de vérité les mots de Simone de Beauvoir rapportés par Claudine Monteil : « N’oubliez jamais qu’il suffira d’une crise politique, économique ou religieuse pour que les droits des femmes soient remis en question. Ces droits ne sont jamais acquis. Vous devrez rester vigilantes votre vie durant. » Nous avons désormais la preuve irréfutable que plus aucune démocratie, pas même la plus grande d’entre toutes, n’est à l’abri.Je suis particulièrement fier d’être parmi vous pour défendre le projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Si je parle d’un projet de loi, c’est bien parce que ce texte est présenté par le Gouvernement, mais je dois à la vérité de dire qu’il s’agit plutôt d’une forme de troisième lecture, tant les initiatives parlementaires ont été nombreuses et tant le sujet a été débattu au Parlement ces derniers mois. Je veux ici rendre solennellement hommage à l’ensemble des initiatives parlementaires, de celle de l’ancienne présidente Bergé – ma chère Aurore – à celle de la présidente Panot,...",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 236,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349029",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 498,
   "annotation_id": "Nf0dc75751af1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si cela vous fait plaisir : cher Sacha.…monsieur le rapporteur, mesdames, messieurs les députés, « Les filles comme moi gâchaient la journée des médecins. [...] elles les obligeaient à se rappeler la loi qui pouvait les envoyer en prison et leur interdire d’exercer pour toujours. Ils n’osaient pas dire la vérité, qu’ils n’allaient pas risquer de tout perdre pour les beaux yeux d’une demoiselle assez stupide pour se faire mettre en cloque. »C’est par ces mots que la narratrice du roman L’Événement, d’Annie Ernaux, se remémore les circonstances de son avortement clandestin en janvier 1964. Ces mots pourraient être ceux de nos mères, de nos sœurs, de nos grands-mères, de nos tantes, de nos amies. Ces mots pourraient être ceux de toutes les femmes qui ont vécu dans leur chair l’interdiction de l’avortement, ce sentiment de ne pas pouvoir disposer de leur corps, d’être à la merci d’une grossesse qu’elles ne désiraient pas.Ces mots et la souffrance qu’ils définissent nous obligent. Ils nous rappellent un fait simple : il n’y a pas de démocratie digne de ce nom lorsque la moitié de sa population ne peut s’émanciper. Non, une démocratie ne peut pas maîtriser son destin si les femmes qui y vivent n’ont pas la liberté de maîtriser le leur. La liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse (IVG) n’est pas une liberté comme les autres, car elle permet aux femmes de décider de leur avenir.L’histoire regorge d’exemples de libertés et droits fondamentaux, conquis au prix du sang et des larmes, que tous – je dis bien : tous – croyaient définitivement acquis, et qui, dans la stupeur ou l’indifférence, ont été balayés d’un revers de manche. C’est d’ailleurs l’histoire de la femme qui nous en offre les plus cruels exemples. Oui, les premiers droits qui disparaissent sont souvent ceux des femmes. C’est ce que nous a rappelé récemment la décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. Cet exemple rend plus que jamais criants de vérité les mots de Simone de Beauvoir rapportés par Claudine Monteil : « N’oubliez jamais qu’il suffira d’une crise politique, économique ou religieuse pour que les droits des femmes soient remis en question. Ces droits ne sont jamais acquis. Vous devrez rester vigilantes votre vie durant. » Nous avons désormais la preuve irréfutable que plus aucune démocratie, pas même la plus grande d’entre toutes, n’est à l’abri.Je suis particulièrement fier d’être parmi vous pour défendre le projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Si je parle d’un projet de loi, c’est bien parce que ce texte est présenté par le Gouvernement, mais je dois à la vérité de dire qu’il s’agit plutôt d’une forme de troisième lecture, tant les initiatives parlementaires ont été nombreuses et tant le sujet a été débattu au Parlement ces derniers mois. Je veux ici rendre solennellement hommage à l’ensemble des initiatives parlementaires, de celle de l’ancienne présidente Bergé – ma chère Aurore – à celle de la présidente Panot,..."
  },
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   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "text": "…en passant par celle de la sénatrice Mélanie Vogel et celle du sénateur Philippe Bas.Le projet que je vous présente fait suite à ces travaux et à la volonté exprimée par le Président de la République d’inscrire cette liberté dans le marbre de la Constitution. Le 8 mars dernier, dans le discours qu’il a prononcé en hommage à Gisèle Halimi, il a émis le souhait de « changer notre Constitution afin d’y graver la liberté des femmes à recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse pour assurer solennellement que rien ne pourra entraver ou défaire ce qui sera ainsi irréversible ». Voilà ce que nous nous apprêtons à faire cet après-midi à l’Assemblée nationale.Ainsi que le Conseil d’État l’a souligné dans son avis d’une très grande qualité, il n’existe pas aujourd’hui de véritable protection supralégislative du droit ou de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme ne comporte pas de disposition spécifique relative à l’avortement. Par ailleurs, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme considère que le droit au respect de la vie privée et familiale, protégé par l’article 8 de la Convention, ne consacre pas un droit à l’avortement. De la même manière, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne se borne à rappeler, en l’absence de disposition spécifique sur ce point, la compétence des États membres et renvoie à l’appréciation du législateur national.Quant au Conseil constitutionnel, il a jugé conforme à la Constitution les différentes lois relatives à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce faisant, il a examiné l’équilibre ménagé entre, d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration de 1789. Il n’est pas allé plus loin ; il a même pris le soin de souligner, au sujet de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, qu’il « ne dispose pas d’un pouvoir général d’appréciation et de décision de même nature que celui du Parlement » et qu’il ne lui appartient donc pas « de remettre en cause, au regard de l’état des connaissances et des techniques, les dispositions prises par le législateur ». Ainsi, la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ne bénéficie pas, à ce jour, d’une véritable consécration constitutionnelle.Lorsqu’elle s’est exprimée devant l’Assemblée nationale le 26 novembre 1974 pour défendre sa grande loi, Simone Veil a inscrit son projet sous le signe de l’espérance. Permettez-moi de reprendre humblement les mots par lesquels elle a conclu son discours, afin de convaincre les députés encore hésitants : « Je ne suis pas de ceux et de celles qui redoutent l’avenir. » Simone Veil croyait profondément que la loi qu’elle présentait alors permettrait à la société française de progresser. L’avenir lui a, bien heureusement, donné raison.Mais, car il y a un « mais »... Près de cinquante ans après la légalisation de l’avortement, j’aimerais tant vous dire à cette tribune que non, moi non plus, je ne redoute pas l’avenir. J’aimerais tant pouvoir vous dire que je ne suis pas de ceux qui s’inquiètent face à l’avenir et aux incertitudes qu’il charrie parfois. J’aimerais tant être de ceux qui, tranquilles et d’un pas assuré, avancent insouciants sur le chemin de la vie, croyant que ce qui est acquis l’est pour toujours. J’aimerais tant, enfin, être de ceux qui, d’un revers de main, balayent les exemples étrangers dans lesquels le droit recule et, avec lui, souvent, la condition des femmes. Tel est le cas aux États-Unis, en Hongrie ou encore en Pologne, où les femmes sont forcées, avant d’avorter, d’écouter les battements de cœur du fœtus.Qui peut garantir que ce qui s’est produit outre-Atlantique ne pourra pas se produire en France ? Non pas demain, bien sûr, mais à plus long terme. Le pire n’est jamais certain ; le meilleur, non plus. C’est en raison de cette incertitude que je suis favorable à ce que l’on élève la grande loi Veil, celle de 1975 telle qu’elle a été modifiée, au sommet de notre hiérarchie des normes. À ceux qui répondent que l’IVG n’est pas menacée en France, je dis que l’on écrit la Constitution non seulement pour le présent, mais d’abord et surtout pour l’avenir.",
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   "analysis_text": "…en passant par celle de la sénatrice [PERSONNE] et celle du sénateur [PERSONNE].Le projet que je vous présente fait suite à ces travaux et à la volonté exprimée par le Président de la République d’inscrire cette liberté dans le marbre de la Constitution. Le 8 mars dernier, dans le discours qu’il a prononcé en hommage à Gisèle Halimi, il a émis le souhait de « changer notre Constitution afin d’y graver la liberté des femmes à recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse pour assurer solennellement que rien ne pourra entraver ou défaire ce qui sera ainsi irréversible ». Voilà ce que nous nous apprêtons à faire cet après-midi à l’Assemblée nationale.Ainsi que le Conseil d’État l’a souligné dans son avis d’une très grande qualité, il n’existe pas aujourd’hui de véritable protection supralégislative du droit ou de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme ne comporte pas de disposition spécifique relative à l’avortement. Par ailleurs, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme considère que le droit au respect de la vie privée et familiale, protégé par l’article 8 de la Convention, ne consacre pas un droit à l’avortement. De la même manière, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne se borne à rappeler, en l’absence de disposition spécifique sur ce point, la compétence des États membres et renvoie à l’appréciation du législateur national.Quant au Conseil constitutionnel, il a jugé conforme à la Constitution les différentes lois relatives à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce faisant, il a examiné l’équilibre ménagé entre, d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration de 1789. Il n’est pas allé plus loin ; il a même pris le soin de souligner, au sujet de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, qu’il « ne dispose pas d’un pouvoir général d’appréciation et de décision de même nature que celui du Parlement » et qu’il ne lui appartient donc pas « de remettre en cause, au regard de l’état des connaissances et des techniques, les dispositions prises par le législateur ». Ainsi, la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ne bénéficie pas, à ce jour, d’une véritable consécration constitutionnelle.Lorsqu’elle s’est exprimée devant l’Assemblée nationale le 26 novembre 1974 pour défendre sa grande loi, Simone Veil a inscrit son projet sous le signe de l’espérance. Permettez-moi de reprendre humblement les mots par lesquels elle a conclu son discours, afin de convaincre les députés encore hésitants : « Je ne suis pas de ceux et de celles qui redoutent l’avenir. » Simone Veil croyait profondément que la loi qu’elle présentait alors permettrait à la société française de progresser. L’avenir lui a, bien heureusement, donné raison.Mais, car il y a un « mais »... Près de cinquante ans après la légalisation de l’avortement, j’aimerais tant vous dire à cette tribune que non, moi non plus, je ne redoute pas l’avenir. J’aimerais tant pouvoir vous dire que je ne suis pas de ceux qui s’inquiètent face à l’avenir et aux incertitudes qu’il charrie parfois. J’aimerais tant être de ceux qui, tranquilles et d’un pas assuré, avancent insouciants sur le chemin de la vie, croyant que ce qui est acquis l’est pour toujours. J’aimerais tant, enfin, être de ceux qui, d’un revers de main, balayent les exemples étrangers dans lesquels le droit recule et, avec lui, souvent, la condition des femmes. Tel est le cas aux États-Unis, en Hongrie ou encore en Pologne, où les femmes sont forcées, avant d’avorter, d’écouter les battements de cœur du fœtus.Qui peut garantir que ce qui s’est produit outre-Atlantique ne pourra pas se produire en France ? Non pas demain, bien sûr, mais à plus long terme. Le pire n’est jamais certain ; le meilleur, non plus. C’est en raison de cette incertitude que je suis favorable à ce que l’on élève la grande loi Veil, celle de 1975 telle qu’elle a été modifiée, au sommet de notre hiérarchie des normes. À ceux qui répondent que l’IVG n’est pas menacée en France, je dis que l’on écrit la Constitution non seulement pour le présent, mais d’abord et surtout pour l’avenir."
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  {
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   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "text": "Le propre même de la loi suprême est de durer, de valoir pour l’avenir, en protégeant nos droits, les acquis démocratiques et notre État de droit.Vous l’avez compris, l’objectif du Gouvernement est clair. Il rejoint, je crois, les positions déjà exprimées par l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat. Il s’agit, par le présent projet de loi constitutionnelle, d’accorder à cette liberté une véritable protection constitutionnelle, laquelle doit être suffisamment souple pour permettre au législateur de continuer son œuvre en la matière, donc ménager un équilibre satisfaisant au regard, notamment, des évolutions techniques, médicales ou scientifiques qui pourraient advenir. Il s’agit d’empêcher que le législateur puisse un jour interdire tout recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ou qu’il en restreigne si drastiquement les conditions d’accès que la substance même de la liberté d’y recourir s’en trouverait irrémédiablement atteinte. Voilà notre objectif.Le Gouvernement s’est attelé à trouver un équilibre entre les versions votées au Sénat et à l’Assemblée. La rédaction proposée permet de répondre non seulement aux attentes, mais aussi aux craintes d’une grande partie des parlementaires. Le Gouvernement souhaite consacrer pleinement la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, tout en reconnaissant le rôle du législateur d’organiser les conditions d’exercice de cette liberté.En effet, le projet de loi constitutionnelle comporte une disposition unique ayant pour objet de modifier l’article 34 de la Constitution en y ajoutant, après le dix-septième alinéa, un alinéa ainsi rédigé : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. »",
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   "analysis_text": "Le propre même de la loi suprême est de durer, de valoir pour l’avenir, en protégeant nos droits, les acquis démocratiques et notre État de droit.Vous l’avez compris, l’objectif du Gouvernement est clair. Il rejoint, je crois, les positions déjà exprimées par l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat. Il s’agit, par le présent projet de loi constitutionnelle, d’accorder à cette liberté une véritable protection constitutionnelle, laquelle doit être suffisamment souple pour permettre au législateur de continuer son œuvre en la matière, donc ménager un équilibre satisfaisant au regard, notamment, des évolutions techniques, médicales ou scientifiques qui pourraient advenir. Il s’agit d’empêcher que le législateur puisse un jour interdire tout recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ou qu’il en restreigne si drastiquement les conditions d’accès que la substance même de la liberté d’y recourir s’en trouverait irrémédiablement atteinte. Voilà notre objectif.Le Gouvernement s’est attelé à trouver un équilibre entre les versions votées au Sénat et à l’Assemblée. La rédaction proposée permet de répondre non seulement aux attentes, mais aussi aux craintes d’une grande partie des parlementaires. Le Gouvernement souhaite consacrer pleinement la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, tout en reconnaissant le rôle du législateur d’organiser les conditions d’exercice de cette liberté.En effet, le projet de loi constitutionnelle comporte une disposition unique ayant pour objet de modifier l’article 34 de la Constitution en y ajoutant, après le dix-septième alinéa, un alinéa ainsi rédigé : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. »"
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   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
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   "text": "Si vous pouviez, madame la députée, me laisser prononcer mon discours sans m’interrompre en permanence, je vous en serais extrêmement reconnaissant.Le Gouvernement a tout d’abord retenu l’article 34 de la Constitution, comme l’avait fait le Sénat. En termes juridiques, cet emplacement paraît en effet le plus adapté. Il faut rappeler que la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît que l’article 34 de la Constitution peut, contrairement à ce qu’une première lecture pourrait sembler indiquer, accueillir des règles de fond et mettre des obligations positives à la charge du législateur. C’est ce qui a été fait avec la révision constitutionnelle du 23 juillet 2008, qui a prévu à l’article 34 que la loi fixe les règles concernant « la liberté, le pluralisme et l’indépendance des médias ».Le projet fait par ailleurs le choix du mot « liberté » plutôt que du mot « droit ». Ce choix, très commenté, ne doit pas être surestimé. Car, ainsi que l’a relevé dans son avis le Conseil d’État, il n’existe pas, en droit positif ni dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, de différence établie entre les deux termes. Si le Gouvernement a choisi ce terme, c’est dans un souci de clarté : il ne s’agit pas de créer un droit absolu et sans limite, mais de faire référence à l’autonomie de la femme,…",
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   "analysis_text": "Si vous pouviez, madame la députée, me laisser prononcer mon discours sans m’interrompre en permanence, je vous en serais extrêmement reconnaissant.Le Gouvernement a tout d’abord retenu l’article 34 de la Constitution, comme l’avait fait le Sénat. En termes juridiques, cet emplacement paraît en effet le plus adapté. Il faut rappeler que la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît que l’article 34 de la Constitution peut, contrairement à ce qu’une première lecture pourrait sembler indiquer, accueillir des règles de fond et mettre des obligations positives à la charge du législateur. C’est ce qui a été fait avec la révision constitutionnelle du 23 juillet 2008, qui a prévu à l’article 34 que la loi fixe les règles concernant « la liberté, le pluralisme et l’indépendance des médias ».Le projet fait par ailleurs le choix du mot « liberté » plutôt que du mot « droit ». Ce choix, très commenté, ne doit pas être surestimé. Car, ainsi que l’a relevé dans son avis le Conseil d’État, il n’existe pas, en droit positif ni dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, de différence établie entre les deux termes. Si le Gouvernement a choisi ce terme, c’est dans un souci de clarté : il ne s’agit pas de créer un droit absolu et sans limite, mais de faire référence à l’autonomie de la femme,…"
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   "order": 264,
   "text": "Vous aurez deux fois plus de temps pour critiquer le texte le moment venu. En attendant, s’il vous plaît, laissez-moi terminer.Enfin, le Gouvernement a souhaité, par la rédaction qu’il propose, insister sur le fait que si les conditions de cette liberté sont déterminées par le législateur, cette liberté doit rester dans tous les cas garantie aux femmes qui en bénéficient. C’est là un point particulièrement important. Le mot « garantie », issu des travaux menés par votre assemblée, vise là encore à exprimer clairement l’intention qui nous anime. Que les choses soient bien claires : il s’agit non d’une simple attribution de compétence au législateur, mais bien de la création d’une obligation positive à sa charge, celle de protéger une liberté que la Constitution garantit dans les conditions qu’il estime appropriées. L’objectif est bien qu’aucune majorité future ne puisse réellement porter atteinte à la liberté intangible qu’est celle pour la femme de disposer de son corps.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 264,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349129",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 156,
   "annotation_id": "N4d78f3fc852a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous aurez deux fois plus de temps pour critiquer le texte le moment venu. En attendant, s’il vous plaît, laissez-moi terminer.Enfin, le Gouvernement a souhaité, par la rédaction qu’il propose, insister sur le fait que si les conditions de cette liberté sont déterminées par le législateur, cette liberté doit rester dans tous les cas garantie aux femmes qui en bénéficient. C’est là un point particulièrement important. Le mot « garantie », issu des travaux menés par votre assemblée, vise là encore à exprimer clairement l’intention qui nous anime. Que les choses soient bien claires : il s’agit non d’une simple attribution de compétence au législateur, mais bien de la création d’une obligation positive à sa charge, celle de protéger une liberté que la Constitution garantit dans les conditions qu’il estime appropriées. L’objectif est bien qu’aucune majorité future ne puisse réellement porter atteinte à la liberté intangible qu’est celle pour la femme de disposer de son corps."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
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   "group_id": null,
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   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349132",
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   "order": 267,
   "text": "Un mot, enfin, sur les effets attendus de cette révision constitutionnelle.Tout d’abord – c’est un point important –, aucune disposition législative en vigueur ne devrait se voir remise en cause par l’adoption de cette révision de la Constitution. Le Conseil d’État lui-même l’a constaté, et telle est bien l’intention du Gouvernement. De manière claire et précise, et pour répondre par anticipation à certaines craintes exprimées ici ou là – je pense notamment à celles de la députée Bonnivard, qui pose des questions légitimes –, la consécration de cette liberté n’emporte la remise en question d’aucune autre liberté, et surtout pas de la liberté de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes, qui leur permet de choisir de ne pas pratiquer d’IVG si cet acte est contraire à leurs convictions. Cette liberté-là est totalement préservée. Autre point important, le principe de respect de la dignité de la personne humaine est lui aussi préservé. Une loi qui porterait à 30 semaines, par exemple, le délai maximal pour avorter pourrait tout à fait être censurée, y compris avec la présente révision.Ensuite, la rédaction proposée tend à rendre clair le fait que la décision d’avorter appartient à la femme enceinte, et à elle seule. Elle ne nécessite ni l’autorisation d’un tiers, que ce tiers soit le conjoint ou les parents, ni l’appréciation d’une autre personne. Cette liberté est strictement personnelle. Elle est d’ailleurs reconnue à toutes les femmes enceintes, et même à toute personne enceinte, sans considération de son état civil, de son âge, de sa nationalité ou de la régularité de son séjour en France.Enfin, j’insiste sur ce point, cette rédaction ne vise pas à créer une forme de droit opposable, absolu et sans limites. Le Gouvernement n’ignore pas les difficultés matérielles et concrètes qui peuvent encore exister dans l’accès à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, notamment dans certaines parties du territoire, mais il s’agit là d’un autre sujet, qui n’est pas d’ordre constitutionnel. Nous nous retrouvons aujourd’hui pour réviser la Constitution, et non pour voter je ne sais quelle mesure relevant du périmètre du ministère de la santé, lequel est pleinement mobilisé pour améliorer l’accès à l’IVG partout en France. Cette révision de la Constitution ne lèvera pas toutes les difficultés mais elle protégera les femmes, en France, d’une éventuelle régression brutale de leur liberté de recourir à l’avortement. C’est là la volonté exprimée par l’Assemblée puis par le Sénat ; c’est là l’objectif du Président de la République, repris par le Gouvernement.Je veux prendre un instant pour remercier le rapporteur Gouffier-Valente, militant éclairé et infatigable du droit des femmes et partenaire hors pair dans le projet qui nous réunit aujourd’hui. Je sais que sa pédagogie a convaincu en commission, comme en témoigne l’adoption du texte.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 267,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349132",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 452,
   "annotation_id": "Nbc7fe9f66c99",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Un mot, enfin, sur les effets attendus de cette révision constitutionnelle.Tout d’abord – c’est un point important –, aucune disposition législative en vigueur ne devrait se voir remise en cause par l’adoption de cette révision de la Constitution. Le Conseil d’État lui-même l’a constaté, et telle est bien l’intention du Gouvernement. De manière claire et précise, et pour répondre par anticipation à certaines craintes exprimées ici ou là – je pense notamment à celles de la députée Bonnivard, qui pose des questions légitimes –, la consécration de cette liberté n’emporte la remise en question d’aucune autre liberté, et surtout pas de la liberté de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes, qui leur permet de choisir de ne pas pratiquer d’IVG si cet acte est contraire à leurs convictions. Cette liberté-là est totalement préservée. Autre point important, le principe de respect de la dignité de la personne humaine est lui aussi préservé. Une loi qui porterait à 30 semaines, par exemple, le délai maximal pour avorter pourrait tout à fait être censurée, y compris avec la présente révision.Ensuite, la rédaction proposée tend à rendre clair le fait que la décision d’avorter appartient à la femme enceinte, et à elle seule. Elle ne nécessite ni l’autorisation d’un tiers, que ce tiers soit le conjoint ou les parents, ni l’appréciation d’une autre personne. Cette liberté est strictement personnelle. Elle est d’ailleurs reconnue à toutes les femmes enceintes, et même à toute personne enceinte, sans considération de son état civil, de son âge, de sa nationalité ou de la régularité de son séjour en France.Enfin, j’insiste sur ce point, cette rédaction ne vise pas à créer une forme de droit opposable, absolu et sans limites. Le Gouvernement n’ignore pas les difficultés matérielles et concrètes qui peuvent encore exister dans l’accès à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, notamment dans certaines parties du territoire, mais il s’agit là d’un autre sujet, qui n’est pas d’ordre constitutionnel. Nous nous retrouvons aujourd’hui pour réviser la Constitution, et non pour voter je ne sais quelle mesure relevant du périmètre du ministère de la santé, lequel est pleinement mobilisé pour améliorer l’accès à l’IVG partout en France. Cette révision de la Constitution ne lèvera pas toutes les difficultés mais elle protégera les femmes, en France, d’une éventuelle régression brutale de leur liberté de recourir à l’avortement. C’est là la volonté exprimée par l’Assemblée puis par le Sénat ; c’est là l’objectif du Président de la République, repris par le Gouvernement.Je veux prendre un instant pour remercier le rapporteur Gouffier-Valente, militant éclairé et infatigable du droit des femmes et partenaire hors pair dans le projet qui nous réunit aujourd’hui. Je sais que sa pédagogie a convaincu en commission, comme en témoigne l’adoption du texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
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   "group_id": null,
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   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349142",
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   "order": 277,
   "text": "Un dernier mot, enfin, pour répondre à un certain nombre de critiques et de craintes qui ont été exprimées. Depuis que je suis à la Chancellerie, j’ai toujours respecté les convictions de chacun sur les sujets sociétaux. J’entends et je respecte les craintes que suscite ce que certains perçoivent comme la création d’un droit absolu et sans limite. Je veux les rassurer : il n’en est rien. Il s’agit aujourd’hui de donner une protection constitutionnelle à l’état actuel de notre droit. J’ai entendu aussi la crainte du président Larcher que la Constitution ne devienne, je le cite : « un catalogue de droits sociaux et sociétaux ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 277,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349142",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N8d8c82e31c4e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Un dernier mot, enfin, pour répondre à un certain nombre de critiques et de craintes qui ont été exprimées. Depuis que je suis à la Chancellerie, j’ai toujours respecté les convictions de chacun sur les sujets sociétaux. J’entends et je respecte les craintes que suscite ce que certains perçoivent comme la création d’un droit absolu et sans limite. Je veux les rassurer : il n’en est rien. Il s’agit aujourd’hui de donner une protection constitutionnelle à l’état actuel de notre droit. J’ai entendu aussi la crainte du président Larcher que la Constitution ne devienne, je le cite : « un catalogue de droits sociaux et sociétaux »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349147",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 282,
   "text": "Je crois donc que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG y a toute sa place.Enfin, je veux revenir sur la question du calendrier parlementaire. Je sais l’émoi qu’a provoqué la pseudo-annonce d’une date de Congrès, avant même que les chambres ne se soient prononcées. Cela a été perçu par certains comme un manque de respect à l’égard du Parlement. Afin de dissiper tout malentendu, permettez-moi de revenir à la parole présidentielle initiale. Lors des rencontres de Saint-Denis, le Président de la République n’a jamais parlé que d’une possibilité de Congrès. Voilà les termes précis de ce qu’il proposait aux différents partis politiques : « Un examen dans chaque assemblée pourra avoir lieu au premier trimestre 2024, afin qu’un Congrès puisse être envisagé le 4 mars prochain. » Vous le voyez, il ne s’agit là que d’une possibilité.C’est pourquoi je veux vous rassurer et vous dire que nous prendrons le temps qu’il faut pour aller au bout de cette révision, car je crois profondément que nous pouvons y arriver. Tout, j’insiste, tout dans le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui vous est présenté est fait pour que chacun puisse voter sans crainte cette écriture calibrée et soupesée.Ce projet de révision de la Constitution constitue le point d’équilibre de nombreux travaux engagés dans les deux chambres et commencés ici même. Parce qu’elle respecte les priorités de l’Assemblée, parce qu’elle respecte le travail du Sénat, la rédaction proposée doit nous permettre de trouver une majorité dans les deux chambres et d’obtenir ensuite une majorité qualifiée au Congrès. Nos débats doivent permettre de dissiper les dernières hésitations afin que notre pays, par le vote d’une loi constitutionnelle, franchisse un pas historique pour les femmes de notre pays. La France deviendrait alors le premier pays au monde à protéger cette liberté inaliénable de la femme dans sa Constitution. Mais, avant cela, il faut que l’Assemblée adopte le texte de la manière la plus large possible. Les Français, et peut-être surtout les Françaises, nous regardent ; si nous réussissons dans ce travail, n’en doutons pas, ce sera le monde entier qui tournera son regard vers notre pays. La France aura alors été, une fois de plus, au rendez-vous de sa vocation universelle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et Hor, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, LR et SOC.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 282,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349147",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 386,
   "annotation_id": "N88e343407042",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je crois donc que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG y a toute sa place.Enfin, je veux revenir sur la question du calendrier parlementaire. Je sais l’émoi qu’a provoqué la pseudo-annonce d’une date de Congrès, avant même que les chambres ne se soient prononcées. Cela a été perçu par certains comme un manque de respect à l’égard du Parlement. Afin de dissiper tout malentendu, permettez-moi de revenir à la parole présidentielle initiale. Lors des rencontres de Saint-Denis, le Président de la République n’a jamais parlé que d’une possibilité de Congrès. Voilà les termes précis de ce qu’il proposait aux différents partis politiques : « Un examen dans chaque assemblée pourra avoir lieu au premier trimestre 2024, afin qu’un Congrès puisse être envisagé le 4 mars prochain. » Vous le voyez, il ne s’agit là que d’une possibilité.C’est pourquoi je veux vous rassurer et vous dire que nous prendrons le temps qu’il faut pour aller au bout de cette révision, car je crois profondément que nous pouvons y arriver. Tout, j’insiste, tout dans le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui vous est présenté est fait pour que chacun puisse voter sans crainte cette écriture calibrée et soupesée.Ce projet de révision de la Constitution constitue le point d’équilibre de nombreux travaux engagés dans les deux chambres et commencés ici même. Parce qu’elle respecte les priorités de l’Assemblée, parce qu’elle respecte le travail du Sénat, la rédaction proposée doit nous permettre de trouver une majorité dans les deux chambres et d’obtenir ensuite une majorité qualifiée au Congrès. Nos débats doivent permettre de dissiper les dernières hésitations afin que notre pays, par le vote d’une loi constitutionnelle, franchisse un pas historique pour les femmes de notre pays. La France deviendrait alors le premier pays au monde à protéger cette liberté inaliénable de la femme dans sa Constitution. Mais, avant cela, il faut que l’Assemblée adopte le texte de la manière la plus large possible. Les Français, et peut-être surtout les Françaises, nous regardent ; si nous réussissons dans ce travail, n’en doutons pas, ce sera le monde entier qui tournera son regard vers notre pays. La France aura alors été, une fois de plus, au rendez-vous de sa vocation universelle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et Hor, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA722046",
   "speaker": "Aurore Bergé",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée chargée de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes et de la lutte contre les discriminations",
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   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349152",
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   "order": 287,
   "text": "L’histoire de l’avortement, c’est d’abord l’histoire du corps des femmes, qui est et a toujours été un corps politique. Un corps scruté, réglé, rangé ; un corps que la loi examine sous toutes ses coutures et auquel on n’a cessé de prescrire des façons d’être, de se tenir, de se vêtir ; un corps pour lequel des hommes réunis en assemblée ont déterminé des règles lui donnant le droit de recourir ou non à la contraception, de vivre ou de ne pas vivre sa grossesse, d’entrer dans la maternité.Quand la loi s’est-elle penchée de cette façon sur le corps des hommes ? Quand s’est-elle interrogée sur leur sexe, est-elle entrée dans leur ventre, a-t-elle scruté jusqu’au fond de leurs entrailles ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 287,
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "Ne0978c28d2d2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’histoire de l’avortement, c’est d’abord l’histoire du corps des femmes, qui est et a toujours été un corps politique. Un corps scruté, réglé, rangé ; un corps que la loi examine sous toutes ses coutures et auquel on n’a cessé de prescrire des façons d’être, de se tenir, de se vêtir ; un corps pour lequel des hommes réunis en assemblée ont déterminé des règles lui donnant le droit de recourir ou non à la contraception, de vivre ou de ne pas vivre sa grossesse, d’entrer dans la maternité.Quand la loi s’est-elle penchée de cette façon sur le corps des hommes ? Quand s’est-elle interrogée sur leur sexe, est-elle entrée dans leur ventre, a-t-elle scruté jusqu’au fond de leurs entrailles ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722046",
   "speaker": "Aurore Bergé",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349372",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349372"
   ],
   "order": 292,
   "text": "L’histoire de l’avortement, c’est l’histoire de celles qui ne se rangent pas parce qu’elles ne le veulent pas, parce qu’elles ne le peuvent pas. C’est celle de femmes à qui l’on réserve tous les raffinements de la douleur et de la honte. Car il n’a jamais suffi d’interdire aux femmes : encore fallait-il les faire souffrir.L’histoire de l’avortement, c’est un cintre plongé dans un utérus, sur une table de cuisine ; ce sont des vessies et des intestins perforés ; ce sont des femmes mourant de septicémie, comme il en meurt encore 40 000 par an dans le monde à la suite d’un avortement réalisé dans des conditions indignes. Ce sont des curetages pratiqués sans anesthésie dans les hôpitaux, parce que « ça lui apprendra ». Ce sont ces gamines violées qu’on enfermait dans les couvents de la Madeleine pour « leur apprendre à aguicher les hommes ». C’est cette mère de famille épuisée que l’on embarquait au poste parce qu’elle n’avait pas voulu d’un nouvel enfant.Dans cette histoire, des femmes ont lutté, et des hommes auprès d’elles. De grandes héroïnes comme Simone Veil et Gisèle Halimi, et à leurs côtés Lucien Neuwirth, Eugène Claudius-Petit, Jacques Chirac, des médecins et des avocats ; mais aussi des foules d’anonymes, des femmes qui se recommandaient une adresse dans le coin d’une cuisine, qui se formaient comme elles le pouvaient aux méthodes d’aspiration, qui s’entouraient et qui s’entraidaient.Parmi elles, les plus exposées n’ont peut-être pas été celles à qui nous avons le plus rendu hommage, car la lutte pour l’avortement était aussi une lutte de classes. Qui a-t-on condamné dans les procès de l’avortement ? Les caissières, les ouvrières, les employées. Celles qui triment, qui écument et qui galèrent ; celles à qui s’imposent toujours en premier les servitudes que l’on réserve aux femmes. Et qu’en est-il aujourd’hui ? Quel soin leur apportons-nous ? Sommes-nous à la hauteur de ce qui pèse sur leurs vies et sur leurs corps ?Quand nous avons déposé, il y a maintenant plus d’un an, une proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à inscrire la liberté des femmes à recourir à l’avortement dans le texte fondamental et fondateur de notre République, tant de voix se sont élevées pour nous dire que c’était inutile et superflu, qu’il s’agissait d’une diversion politique visant à détourner le regard de sujets « sérieux », que ce n’était qu’un symbole pour bourgeoises en mal de combats. Eh bien oui, cette loi est un symbole ! Elle symbolise la fierté de ce que nous sommes, de ce en quoi nous croyons et de ce qui fonde le projet d’émancipation et d’égalité de notre pays.Mais cette loi n’est pas seulement un symbole. Parce que pour trop de femmes encore, le droit à l’avortement reste entravé par des défauts d’accès à l’information, aux soins et à un accompagnement adapté ; parce qu’insidieusement, partout à travers le monde, ce droit recule ; parce que dans des sociétés qui apparaissaient comme des terres de liberté, les fractures et le repli conduisent à s’attaquer à ce qui nous semblait définitivement acquis, il n’est pas de raison de croire que ce qui arrive autour de nous ne pourra pas arriver chez nous, comme si nous étions préservés de toute régression.Et si l’on abattait ce symbole, si ce qui a incarné au plus haut point la lutte d’émancipation des femmes en venait à tomber, alors tout le reste céderait. Je fais partie d’une génération qui croyait que l’histoire avancerait inéluctablement vers le progrès des sociétés, que les combats se gagneraient pied à pied et sans retour. L’avortement était acquis, et avec lui la libération sexuelle et l’égalité des droits, puis viendraient l’égalité des salaires, l’égalité réelle et finalement un monde où il ne serait plus question d’être une femme ou d’être un homme mais seulement d’être soi, libéré des déterminismes, des assignations, des conditionnements, des rôles imposés et de toute violence. Il suffisait que d’autres générations prennent la place et l’affaire serait réglée.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, j’aurais voulu qu’il n’y ait plus besoin d’un ministre de l’égalité. J’aurais voulu que ce combat s’achève par la disparition de son objet. J’aurais voulu que nous puissions déposer les armes en sachant que, grâce à notre intelligence collective, nous étions parvenus à nous défaire de ces enfermements et de cette violence. J’aurais voulu que cette inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution soit une cérémonie d’hommage, un point final, le clairon que l’on sonne après la victoire – votons, réjouissons-nous et finissons-en !Mais ce temps n’est pas encore venu. L’histoire résiste et c’est pourquoi nous sommes ici réunis, conscients du caractère fondateur d’un tel débat et d’un tel vote. Vous vous apprêtez – du moins, je l’espère – à voter pour inscrire l’avortement dans la Constitution, à la faveur d’un projet soutenu par le Président de la République et par le garde des sceaux dès le premier jour, ainsi que par des parlementaires issus de tous les bancs, à l’Assemblée nationale comme au Sénat. Cela aurait été inimaginable il y a cinquante ans, tout comme le fait de voir une femme parler à une assemblée composée indistinctement de femmes et d’hommes et présidée par une femme.Mais nous savons aussi désormais qu’il ne suffit pas d’un changement de génération pour acter la victoire des droits des femmes. Ce texte n’est donc pas un point final. Il est un moment que prend la République pour mettre en sécurité une liberté précieuse avant de reprendre sa marche. Mesdames et messieurs les députés, ce vote sera l’un des plus importants, l’un des plus marquants de cette législature. Je suis la fille d’une mère qui a risqué la prison et la mort pour avorter dans la clandestinité, et la mère d’une fille que je souhaite voir grandir libre, libre de disposer de son corps, d’un corps qui ne soit plus scruté, réglé, rangé.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, dans ce débat et par vos votes, soyons tout simplement à la hauteur de nos mères et de nos filles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES. – Mme Elsa Faucillon applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
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   "analysis_text": "L’histoire de l’avortement, c’est l’histoire de celles qui ne se rangent pas parce qu’elles ne le veulent pas, parce qu’elles ne le peuvent pas. C’est celle de femmes à qui l’on réserve tous les raffinements de la douleur et de la honte. Car il n’a jamais suffi d’interdire aux femmes : encore fallait-il les faire souffrir.L’histoire de l’avortement, c’est un cintre plongé dans un utérus, sur une table de cuisine ; ce sont des vessies et des intestins perforés ; ce sont des femmes mourant de septicémie, comme il en meurt encore 40 000 par an dans le monde à la suite d’un avortement réalisé dans des conditions indignes. Ce sont des curetages pratiqués sans anesthésie dans les hôpitaux, parce que « ça lui apprendra ». Ce sont ces gamines violées qu’on enfermait dans les couvents de la Madeleine pour « leur apprendre à aguicher les hommes ». C’est cette mère de famille épuisée que l’on embarquait au poste parce qu’elle n’avait pas voulu d’un nouvel enfant.Dans cette histoire, des femmes ont lutté, et des hommes auprès d’elles. De grandes héroïnes comme Simone Veil et Gisèle Halimi, et à leurs côtés Lucien Neuwirth, Eugène Claudius-Petit, Jacques Chirac, des médecins et des avocats ; mais aussi des foules d’anonymes, des femmes qui se recommandaient une adresse dans le coin d’une cuisine, qui se formaient comme elles le pouvaient aux méthodes d’aspiration, qui s’entouraient et qui s’entraidaient.Parmi elles, les plus exposées n’ont peut-être pas été celles à qui nous avons le plus rendu hommage, car la lutte pour l’avortement était aussi une lutte de classes. Qui a-t-on condamné dans les procès de l’avortement ? Les caissières, les ouvrières, les employées. Celles qui triment, qui écument et qui galèrent ; celles à qui s’imposent toujours en premier les servitudes que l’on réserve aux femmes. Et qu’en est-il aujourd’hui ? Quel soin leur apportons-nous ? Sommes-nous à la hauteur de ce qui pèse sur leurs vies et sur leurs corps ?Quand nous avons déposé, il y a maintenant plus d’un an, une proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à inscrire la liberté des femmes à recourir à l’avortement dans le texte fondamental et fondateur de notre République, tant de voix se sont élevées pour nous dire que c’était inutile et superflu, qu’il s’agissait d’une diversion politique visant à détourner le regard de sujets « sérieux », que ce n’était qu’un symbole pour bourgeoises en mal de combats. Eh bien oui, cette loi est un symbole ! Elle symbolise la fierté de ce que nous sommes, de ce en quoi nous croyons et de ce qui fonde le projet d’émancipation et d’égalité de notre pays.Mais cette loi n’est pas seulement un symbole. Parce que pour trop de femmes encore, le droit à l’avortement reste entravé par des défauts d’accès à l’information, aux soins et à un accompagnement adapté ; parce qu’insidieusement, partout à travers le monde, ce droit recule ; parce que dans des sociétés qui apparaissaient comme des terres de liberté, les fractures et le repli conduisent à s’attaquer à ce qui nous semblait définitivement acquis, il n’est pas de raison de croire que ce qui arrive autour de nous ne pourra pas arriver chez nous, comme si nous étions préservés de toute régression.Et si l’on abattait ce symbole, si ce qui a incarné au plus haut point la lutte d’émancipation des femmes en venait à tomber, alors tout le reste céderait. Je fais partie d’une génération qui croyait que l’histoire avancerait inéluctablement vers le progrès des sociétés, que les combats se gagneraient pied à pied et sans retour. L’avortement était acquis, et avec lui la libération sexuelle et l’égalité des droits, puis viendraient l’égalité des salaires, l’égalité réelle et finalement un monde où il ne serait plus question d’être une femme ou d’être un homme mais seulement d’être soi, libéré des déterminismes, des assignations, des conditionnements, des rôles imposés et de toute violence. Il suffisait que d’autres générations prennent la place et l’affaire serait réglée.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, j’aurais voulu qu’il n’y ait plus besoin d’un ministre de l’égalité. J’aurais voulu que ce combat s’achève par la disparition de son objet. J’aurais voulu que nous puissions déposer les armes en sachant que, grâce à notre intelligence collective, nous étions parvenus à nous défaire de ces enfermements et de cette violence. J’aurais voulu que cette inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution soit une cérémonie d’hommage, un point final, le clairon que l’on sonne après la victoire – votons, réjouissons-nous et finissons-en !Mais ce temps n’est pas encore venu. L’histoire résiste et c’est pourquoi nous sommes ici réunis, conscients du caractère fondateur d’un tel débat et d’un tel vote. Vous vous apprêtez – du moins, je l’espère – à voter pour inscrire l’avortement dans la Constitution, à la faveur d’un projet soutenu par le Président de la République et par le garde des sceaux dès le premier jour, ainsi que par des parlementaires issus de tous les bancs, à l’Assemblée nationale comme au Sénat. Cela aurait été inimaginable il y a cinquante ans, tout comme le fait de voir une femme parler à une assemblée composée indistinctement de femmes et d’hommes et présidée par une femme.Mais nous savons aussi désormais qu’il ne suffit pas d’un changement de génération pour acter la victoire des droits des femmes. Ce texte n’est donc pas un point final. Il est un moment que prend la République pour mettre en sécurité une liberté précieuse avant de reprendre sa marche. Mesdames et messieurs les députés, ce vote sera l’un des plus importants, l’un des plus marquants de cette législature. Je suis la fille d’une mère qui a risqué la prison et la mort pour avorter dans la clandestinité, et la mère d’une fille que je souhaite voir grandir libre, libre de disposer de son corps, d’un corps qui ne soit plus scruté, réglé, rangé.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, dans ce débat et par vos votes, soyons tout simplement à la hauteur de nos mères et de nos filles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des lois constitutionnelles, de la législation et de l’administration générale de la République",
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   "order": 304,
   "text": "Certains textes sont particulièrement attendus. Celui qui nous réunit aujourd’hui, relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, en fait partie.À moins d’un an du cinquantième anniversaire de la loi Veil et à la suite des initiatives parlementaires qui ont été prises au début de cette législature – je tiens à saluer l’engagement et les travaux de nos collègues, notamment Mmes Battistel, Panot, Faucillon, Vogel, Rixain et M. Balanant, ainsi que notre ancienne collègue Aurore Bergé –, je salue le choix du Président de la République de remettre l’ouvrage sur le métier pour aboutir à une adoption rapide et autonome de cette révision, qui doit nous permettre d’introduire dans notre Constitution la reconnaissance de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et d’en assurer la protection la plus forte possible. Le Parlement a travaillé en bonne intelligence et nous nous devons de poursuivre sur cette voie.Pour mémoire, en novembre 2022, l’Assemblée nationale a adopté une rédaction, fruit d’un consensus transpartisan, qui reconnaissait la garantie du droit à l’IVG et à un accès effectif à celui-ci. Dans la foulée, le Sénat, qui avait jusqu’alors fait valoir sa réticence à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, a également adopté une rédaction qui était certes moins ambitieuse mais dont le sens était néanmoins clair et avait une portée historique : par ces deux votes, les deux chambres ont signalé qu’elles souhaitaient faire aboutir une révision constitutionnelle sur ce sujet.Que les choses soient claires : si nous combattons ceux qui s’attaquent au droit à l’avortement et aux droits des femmes, nous respectons l’opinion de ceux qui s’interrogent sur l’opportunité d’inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Nous le savons, réformer notre Constitution est un acte fort et exigeant. Il exprime la volonté de nous autres, constituants, d’entériner le choix du peuple présent pour le peuple futur. Réformer notre Constitution, c’est au fond consacrer le présent pour protéger l’avenir.En outre, pour le bon déroulé de nos débats, je crois qu’il faut circonscrire le périmètre de la discussion. Je veux dire clairement, en préambule de nos débats, ce que ce projet est et ce qu’il n’est pas. Il ne s’agit pas de discuter du cadre législatif en vigueur ni de préparer de futures évolutions législatives visant à élargir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Il ne s’agit pas non plus de créer un droit opposable. Nos débats seront scrutés en cas de contentieux et les intentions du Gouvernement et du Parlement doivent être claires : la rédaction soumise à notre examen n’implique nullement une évolution du droit existant et ne saurait être source d’un nouveau contentieux, par exemple par voie de question prioritaire de constitutionnalité (QPC). L’avis du Conseil d’État est on ne peut plus clair sur ce point.En revanche, le projet qui nous est soumis remplit l’objectif que nous partageons : faire en sorte qu’il ne soit pas possible de modifier la loi afin d’interdire le recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ou d’en restreindre les conditions d’exercice au point qu’elle se verrait privée de toute portée.L’adoption du texte nous paraît indispensable pour garantir la reconnaissance réelle de cette liberté et pour renforcer sa protection juridique. La Constitution recense déjà de nombreux droits et libertés, sans distinguer d’ailleurs ces deux notions – l’une valant pour l’autre –, ni dans ses préambules ni dans ses articles : laïcité, égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, interdiction de la peine de mort, libre administration des collectivités territoriales, droit d’asile et bien d’autres. Il n’y a donc pas d’incohérence ni de risque à reconnaître un nouveau droit. Au contraire, il est même de la responsabilité du législateur constituant d’en prendre la responsabilité, sans attendre que le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaisse ou non ce nouveau droit de manière prétorienne.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
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   "analysis_text": "Certains textes sont particulièrement attendus. Celui qui nous réunit aujourd’hui, relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, en fait partie.À moins d’un an du cinquantième anniversaire de la loi Veil et à la suite des initiatives parlementaires qui ont été prises au début de cette législature – je tiens à saluer l’engagement et les travaux de nos collègues, notamment Mmes Battistel, Panot, Faucillon, Vogel, Rixain et M. Balanant, ainsi que notre ancienne collègue [PERSONNE] –, je salue le choix du Président de la République de remettre l’ouvrage sur le métier pour aboutir à une adoption rapide et autonome de cette révision, qui doit nous permettre d’introduire dans notre Constitution la reconnaissance de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et d’en assurer la protection la plus forte possible. Le Parlement a travaillé en bonne intelligence et nous nous devons de poursuivre sur cette voie.Pour mémoire, en novembre 2022, l’Assemblée nationale a adopté une rédaction, fruit d’un consensus transpartisan, qui reconnaissait la garantie du droit à l’IVG et à un accès effectif à celui-ci. Dans la foulée, le Sénat, qui avait jusqu’alors fait valoir sa réticence à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, a également adopté une rédaction qui était certes moins ambitieuse mais dont le sens était néanmoins clair et avait une portée historique : par ces deux votes, les deux chambres ont signalé qu’elles souhaitaient faire aboutir une révision constitutionnelle sur ce sujet.Que les choses soient claires : si nous combattons ceux qui s’attaquent au droit à l’avortement et aux droits des femmes, nous respectons l’opinion de ceux qui s’interrogent sur l’opportunité d’inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Nous le savons, réformer notre Constitution est un acte fort et exigeant. Il exprime la volonté de nous autres, constituants, d’entériner le choix du peuple présent pour le peuple futur. Réformer notre Constitution, c’est au fond consacrer le présent pour protéger l’avenir.En outre, pour le bon déroulé de nos débats, je crois qu’il faut circonscrire le périmètre de la discussion. Je veux dire clairement, en préambule de nos débats, ce que ce projet est et ce qu’il n’est pas. Il ne s’agit pas de discuter du cadre législatif en vigueur ni de préparer de futures évolutions législatives visant à élargir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Il ne s’agit pas non plus de créer un droit opposable. Nos débats seront scrutés en cas de contentieux et les intentions du Gouvernement et du Parlement doivent être claires : la rédaction soumise à notre examen n’implique nullement une évolution du droit existant et ne saurait être source d’un nouveau contentieux, par exemple par voie de question prioritaire de constitutionnalité (QPC). L’avis du Conseil d’État est on ne peut plus clair sur ce point.En revanche, le projet qui nous est soumis remplit l’objectif que nous partageons : faire en sorte qu’il ne soit pas possible de modifier la loi afin d’interdire le recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ou d’en restreindre les conditions d’exercice au point qu’elle se verrait privée de toute portée.L’adoption du texte nous paraît indispensable pour garantir la reconnaissance réelle de cette liberté et pour renforcer sa protection juridique. La Constitution recense déjà de nombreux droits et libertés, sans distinguer d’ailleurs ces deux notions – l’une valant pour l’autre –, ni dans ses préambules ni dans ses articles : laïcité, égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, interdiction de la peine de mort, libre administration des collectivités territoriales, droit d’asile et bien d’autres. Il n’y a donc pas d’incohérence ni de risque à reconnaître un nouveau droit. Au contraire, il est même de la responsabilité du législateur constituant d’en prendre la responsabilité, sans attendre que le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaisse ou non ce nouveau droit de manière prétorienne."
  },
  {
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   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
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   "order": 312,
   "text": "Ne croyons pas non plus que la protection de l’IVG par la loi suffit à nous prémunir contre tout risque d’atteinte à cette liberté. Certes, le Conseil constitutionnel a admis la conformité à la Constitution des différentes réformes concernant l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Il a considéré que le législateur avait toujours respecté l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme, telle qu’elle découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation.Notons cependant trois limites à cette protection. Premièrement, s’il admet sa constitutionnalité, le Conseil constitutionnel n’a jamais reconnu l’interruption volontaire de grossesse comme un droit ou une liberté fondamentale en soi, comme il a pu le faire dans d’autres cas, par exemple à propos de la liberté d’enseignement. Deuxièmement, il n’a jamais eu à se prononcer sur une restriction du droit à l’IVG, et on peut s’interroger sur sa capacité à déclarer inconstitutionnelles de telles dispositions sur le fondement de l’équilibre qu’il a défini, qui repose sur une interprétation déjà extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen. Troisièmement, le Conseil reconnaît au législateur un large pouvoir d’appréciation sur cette question, ce qui est bien normal compte tenu du silence des textes constitutionnels en la matière.C’est cette ambiguïté, cette incertitude que nous souhaitons lever, sans priver le juge constitutionnel de son office. La modification de l’article 34 de la Constitution renvoie explicitement à la prérogative du législateur chargé d’encadrer cette liberté, qui ne saurait être absolue. L’ajout du mot « garantie », principale évolution par rapport à la rédaction du Sénat – très largement reprise par ailleurs –, doit renforcer la protection de cette liberté, désormais de rang constitutionnel, contre d’éventuelles atteintes à l’avenir. À l’inverse, la suppression du mot « garantie » rétablirait une incertitude quant à l’intention du constituant ;…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 312,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349392",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 317,
   "annotation_id": "N16b101bb6389",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ne croyons pas non plus que la protection de l’IVG par la loi suffit à nous prémunir contre tout risque d’atteinte à cette liberté. Certes, le Conseil constitutionnel a admis la conformité à la Constitution des différentes réformes concernant l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Il a considéré que le législateur avait toujours respecté l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme, telle qu’elle découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation.Notons cependant trois limites à cette protection. Premièrement, s’il admet sa constitutionnalité, le Conseil constitutionnel n’a jamais reconnu l’interruption volontaire de grossesse comme un droit ou une liberté fondamentale en soi, comme il a pu le faire dans d’autres cas, par exemple à propos de la liberté d’enseignement. Deuxièmement, il n’a jamais eu à se prononcer sur une restriction du droit à l’IVG, et on peut s’interroger sur sa capacité à déclarer inconstitutionnelles de telles dispositions sur le fondement de l’équilibre qu’il a défini, qui repose sur une interprétation déjà extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen. Troisièmement, le Conseil reconnaît au législateur un large pouvoir d’appréciation sur cette question, ce qui est bien normal compte tenu du silence des textes constitutionnels en la matière.C’est cette ambiguïté, cette incertitude que nous souhaitons lever, sans priver le juge constitutionnel de son office. La modification de l’article 34 de la Constitution renvoie explicitement à la prérogative du législateur chargé d’encadrer cette liberté, qui ne saurait être absolue. L’ajout du mot « garantie », principale évolution par rapport à la rédaction du Sénat – très largement reprise par ailleurs –, doit renforcer la protection de cette liberté, désormais de rang constitutionnel, contre d’éventuelles atteintes à l’avenir. À l’inverse, la suppression du mot « garantie » rétablirait une incertitude quant à l’intention du constituant ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
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   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349396",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349396"
   ],
   "order": 316,
   "text": "…elle pourrait même indiquer que celui-ci n’a pas souhaité garantir ce droit, ce qui serait contre-productif. C’est pourquoi nous resterons impérativement attachés à ce mot.Plus largement, je pense, chers collègues, que la rédaction actuelle du projet de loi constitutionnelle est la plus robuste et la plus opportune, sur le plan juridique, de celles qui ont été proposées. Compte tenu des auditions que j’ai menées et de l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui a été particulièrement positif à ce sujet,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 316,
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   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349396",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "Ndc73f279509d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…elle pourrait même indiquer que celui-ci n’a pas souhaité garantir ce droit, ce qui serait contre-productif. C’est pourquoi nous resterons impérativement attachés à ce mot.Plus largement, je pense, chers collègues, que la rédaction actuelle du projet de loi constitutionnelle est la plus robuste et la plus opportune, sur le plan juridique, de celles qui ont été proposées. Compte tenu des auditions que j’ai menées et de l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui a été particulièrement positif à ce sujet,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349399"
   ],
   "order": 319,
   "text": "…mais aussi des travaux de nos collègues sénateurs et des discussions qui ont été les nôtres en commission des lois mercredi dernier, je défends la position selon laquelle cette rédaction est suffisamment précise et ne crée aucune ambivalence concernant l’objectif que nous poursuivons.L’emplacement retenu, à l’article 34 de la Constitution, a du sens compte tenu de notre histoire constitutionnelle et de son évolution. Cela ne diminue en aucune manière la portée de la liberté ainsi garantie. Une telle rédaction est enfin de nature à garantir une protection qui respecte le choix individuel de chaque personne souhaitant recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse.Je pense par ailleurs que la rédaction retenue est susceptible d’aboutir un accord avec nos collègues sénateurs, car elle se fonde sur les travaux de qualité qu’ils ont menés sur le sujet au début de l’année 2023, et qui ont ouvert le chemin vers la présentation de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. C’est la raison pour laquelle je n’ai pas déposé le moindre amendement, comme en commission des lois ; je vous inviterai donc à retenir la rédaction qui nous est proposée et qui a d’ailleurs été largement adoptée par les commissaires aux lois, sans modification, le 17 janvier dernier.Je note également que lors de nos débats en commission, la majorité des députés a exprimé son attachement à travailler à la construction d’un accord avec le Sénat. J’en veux pour preuve le débat que nous avons eu à propos d’amendements visant à rétablir les rédactions initiales des différentes propositions de loi ayant trait à ce sujet ; leur examen nous a permis d’avoir un débat juridique abouti, avant qu’ils ne soient retirés au profit de la rédaction initiale du présent projet de révision constitutionnelle.Bien entendu, les débats qui vont s’engager demeurent d’une importance considérable. Comme lors de la commission, ils nous permettront de mettre en lumière l’objectif poursuivi et les choix juridiques qui ont conduit à cette rédaction, et je salue le fait qu’à l’exception de quelques-uns, tous les amendements déposés ont un rapport avec le projet de révision de la Constitution qui nous est soumis.Cette révision intervient dans un contexte inquiétant pour celles et ceux qui défendent les droits des femmes. Rappelons qu’en Europe et aux États-Unis, ce droit est menacé. L’arrêt de la Cour suprême américaine, véritable électrochoc, nous a rappelé que, même dans un pays aussi développé et attaché aux libertés que les États-Unis, un recul du droit à l’IVG est possible. Leur situation juridique n’est pas comparable à celle de notre pays, mais force est de constater que ce droit, comme le disait Simone de Beauvoir, n’est « jamais acquis », et qu’il « suffira d’une crise […] pour que les droits des femmes soient remis en question ».En Pologne, en Hongrie, les gouvernements ont élevé de nouvelles barrières à l’accès à l’IVG, comme l’obligation d’écouter le cœur du bébé ou l’interdiction d’avorter en cas de malformation du fœtus. Le droit européen n’apporte d’ailleurs aucune garantie en la matière, car la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne laissent une grande marge d’appréciation aux États.Les militants dits antichoix sont très actifs en France et reçoivent d’importants financements. Les entraves prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses : certaines plateformes vont jusqu’à créer des numéros verts afin de se faire passer pour des organismes publics et de dissuader ensuite les femmes qui les appellent.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 319,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349399",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 567,
   "annotation_id": "N25a60f4e7ef7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…mais aussi des travaux de nos collègues sénateurs et des discussions qui ont été les nôtres en commission des lois mercredi dernier, je défends la position selon laquelle cette rédaction est suffisamment précise et ne crée aucune ambivalence concernant l’objectif que nous poursuivons.L’emplacement retenu, à l’article 34 de la Constitution, a du sens compte tenu de notre histoire constitutionnelle et de son évolution. Cela ne diminue en aucune manière la portée de la liberté ainsi garantie. Une telle rédaction est enfin de nature à garantir une protection qui respecte le choix individuel de chaque personne souhaitant recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse.Je pense par ailleurs que la rédaction retenue est susceptible d’aboutir un accord avec nos collègues sénateurs, car elle se fonde sur les travaux de qualité qu’ils ont menés sur le sujet au début de l’année 2023, et qui ont ouvert le chemin vers la présentation de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. C’est la raison pour laquelle je n’ai pas déposé le moindre amendement, comme en commission des lois ; je vous inviterai donc à retenir la rédaction qui nous est proposée et qui a d’ailleurs été largement adoptée par les commissaires aux lois, sans modification, le 17 janvier dernier.Je note également que lors de nos débats en commission, la majorité des députés a exprimé son attachement à travailler à la construction d’un accord avec le Sénat. J’en veux pour preuve le débat que nous avons eu à propos d’amendements visant à rétablir les rédactions initiales des différentes propositions de loi ayant trait à ce sujet ; leur examen nous a permis d’avoir un débat juridique abouti, avant qu’ils ne soient retirés au profit de la rédaction initiale du présent projet de révision constitutionnelle.Bien entendu, les débats qui vont s’engager demeurent d’une importance considérable. Comme lors de la commission, ils nous permettront de mettre en lumière l’objectif poursuivi et les choix juridiques qui ont conduit à cette rédaction, et je salue le fait qu’à l’exception de quelques-uns, tous les amendements déposés ont un rapport avec le projet de révision de la Constitution qui nous est soumis.Cette révision intervient dans un contexte inquiétant pour celles et ceux qui défendent les droits des femmes. Rappelons qu’en Europe et aux États-Unis, ce droit est menacé. L’arrêt de la Cour suprême américaine, véritable électrochoc, nous a rappelé que, même dans un pays aussi développé et attaché aux libertés que les États-Unis, un recul du droit à l’IVG est possible. Leur situation juridique n’est pas comparable à celle de notre pays, mais force est de constater que ce droit, comme le disait Simone de Beauvoir, n’est « jamais acquis », et qu’il « suffira d’une crise […] pour que les droits des femmes soient remis en question ».En Pologne, en Hongrie, les gouvernements ont élevé de nouvelles barrières à l’accès à l’IVG, comme l’obligation d’écouter le cœur du bébé ou l’interdiction d’avorter en cas de malformation du fœtus. Le droit européen n’apporte d’ailleurs aucune garantie en la matière, car la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne laissent une grande marge d’appréciation aux États.Les militants dits antichoix sont très actifs en France et reçoivent d’importants financements. Les entraves prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses : certaines plateformes vont jusqu’à créer des numéros verts afin de se faire passer pour des organismes publics et de dissuader ensuite les femmes qui les appellent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349408",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349408"
   ],
   "order": 328,
   "text": "Les attaques à l’encontre du droit à l’avortement nourrissent le débat public, comme en témoignent d’ailleurs certains amendements dont nous aurons à discuter aujourd’hui. Ne croyons donc pas que la France est complètement imperméable à ce risque. C’est précisément parce que ce droit est encore solidement ancré en France qu’il faut le protéger : je le redis à cette tribune, on ne prend pas une assurance quand la maison brûle.Par cette révision, enfin, la France enverrait un message fort dans le monde entier en devenant le premier pays à reconnaître l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans le texte de sa Constitution – qui a servi de modèle à tant de pays à travers l’histoire.En somme, ce texte, d’une certaine manière, c’est rien et tout à la fois : il n’est rien, parce qu’il ne bouleverse pas le droit existant ; mais il est tout, parce qu’il crée un bouclier pour le futur en érigeant la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, c’est-à-dire la liberté de disposer de son corps, parmi les libertés fondamentales devant être garanties par un État de droit au XXIe siècle. Cette reconnaissance, je le crois, viendra renforcer notre démocratie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Léo Walter applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 328,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 220,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe4a78213e9b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les attaques à l’encontre du droit à l’avortement nourrissent le débat public, comme en témoignent d’ailleurs certains amendements dont nous aurons à discuter aujourd’hui. Ne croyons donc pas que la France est complètement imperméable à ce risque. C’est précisément parce que ce droit est encore solidement ancré en France qu’il faut le protéger : je le redis à cette tribune, on ne prend pas une assurance quand la maison brûle.Par cette révision, enfin, la France enverrait un message fort dans le monde entier en devenant le premier pays à reconnaître l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans le texte de sa Constitution – qui a servi de modèle à tant de pays à travers l’histoire.En somme, ce texte, d’une certaine manière, c’est rien et tout à la fois : il n’est rien, parce qu’il ne bouleverse pas le droit existant ; mais il est tout, parce qu’il crée un bouclier pour le futur en érigeant la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, c’est-à-dire la liberté de disposer de son corps, parmi les libertés fondamentales devant être garanties par un État de droit au XXIe siècle. Cette reconnaissance, je le crois, viendra renforcer notre démocratie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA722150",
   "speaker": "Sacha Houlié",
   "quality": "président de la commission des lois constitutionnelles, de la législation et de l’administration générale de la République",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349412",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349412"
   ],
   "order": 332,
   "text": "C’est un jour important pour notre assemblée : nous examinons le projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Si notre assemblée vote ce texte, si le Sénat l’approuve dans les mêmes termes, si le Parlement réuni en Congrès l’adopte, alors la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse sera inscrite dans notre Constitution : la France deviendra le premier pays au monde à la garantir à ce niveau. Si notre assemblée vote ce texte, si le Sénat l’adopte dans les mêmes termes, si le Parlement réuni en Congrès l’approuve, ce sera la première révision constitutionnelle adoptée depuis près de seize ans.Si le conditionnel est de rigueur, c’est parce qu’il faut mesurer combien le parcours d’un projet de révision constitutionnelle est difficile. Celui du texte qui nous occupe a débuté il y a plusieurs mois grâce aux deux propositions de lois constitutionnelles défendues tant par la majorité – par la voix de Mme Bergé – que par l’opposition – par la voix de Mme Panot. Ce fut l’ébauche du consensus que nous devons concrétiser aujourd’hui, malgré des résistances anciennes.Pour parvenir à réformer la Constitution, il faut en effet un consensus. Nous l’avions trouvé ici même en novembre 2022. Le Sénat, de son côté, avait adopté une autre rédaction, sans remettre en cause le principe consistant à garantir aux femmes la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en l’inscrivant dans la Constitution. Le projet de loi présenté par le Gouvernement opère une synthèse qui permet cette révision : consécration de la liberté de la femme et du rôle prépondérant du législateur pour l’encadrer, recours garanti à cette liberté pour se prémunir de toute régression, inscription littérale de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse au cœur de la Constitution.Les travaux menés la semaine passée par la commission des lois, éclairés par l’avis du Conseil d’État, ont, je le crois, permis à chacun de mesurer les enjeux et de lever les dernières réserves – pour celles qui étaient sincères. Certains ont, à cette occasion, raillé le caractère symbolique d’une telle révision constitutionnelle. Mais si celle-ci n’est que symbolique, pourquoi s’y opposer ?La vérité, c’est que réviser la Constitution est tout sauf symbolique. La révision de 2007 constitutionnalisant l’interdiction de la peine de mort n’était pas symbolique. La protection d’une liberté fondamentale n’est pas symbolique. De même, le caractère indivisible, laïc, démocratique et social de notre République, l’égalité devant la loi de tous les citoyens sans distinction d’origine, de race ou de religion et le respect de toutes les croyances mentionnées à l’article 1er de notre Constitution, ne sont pas des symboles mais des droits garantis, auxquels le rang constitutionnel confère la plus haute protection qui soit, pour les mettre à l’abri de toute menace.Car l’interruption volontaire de grossesse – comme plusieurs droits fondamentaux, d’ailleurs – est remise en cause dans le monde. La France n’étant pas isolée, hermétique au monde ou autarcique, rien ne la prémunit par principe des mouvements conservateurs et réactionnaires, pro-vie et anti-IVG. En l’état du droit, qui pouvait prédire avec certitude l’adoption, par la Cour suprême des États-Unis, de l’arrêt Dobbs du 24 juin 2022, par lequel elle a rompu avec cinquante-neuf ans de reconnaissance du droit à l’avortement à l’échelle fédérale ? Qui peut sereinement observer la Hongrie et la Pologne, pourtant membres de l’Union européenne, restreindre avec force le recours à l’IVG en obligeant les femmes à écouter le cœur du fœtus ou en interdisant les avortements en cas de malformation ? Nul besoin pour les détracteurs de l’IVG, dans ces pays, de dénoncer la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme ou de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne : ni l’une ni l’autre ne protègent ce droit, car elles considèrent que son application relève de la libre appréciation des États.Aussi vrai soit-il qu’en France, l’avortement est largement soutenu par la population comme par les associations, les mouvements antichoix sont bien présents et se sont sinistrement rappelés à la mémoire de chacun en dégradant plusieurs accueils du Planning familial, dont je souligne ici l’importance et le rôle indispensable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES, sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et SOC et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Aussi vrai soit-il qu’en France, la loi reconnaît le droit de recourir à l’IVG, aucune règle constitutionnelle ne protège pour l’heure cette liberté : le Conseil constitutionnel ne l’a jamais consacrée et n’a jamais estimé qu’elle était garantie aux femmes.La conformité de l’IVG à la Constitution ne résulte pas même d’un principe constitutionnel spécifique, mais de l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme – appréciée à l’aune d’une interprétation extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen – et de la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine. À titre de rappel – pour ceux à qui cela échapperait dans les prochains jours –, le Conseil constitutionnel lui-même estime, depuis sa décision relative à l’IVG du 15 janvier 1975, qu’il ne dispose pas d’un « pouvoir général d’appréciation et de décision identique à celui du Parlement ». Autrement dit, seul le Parlement agissant en constituant peut élever la protection du recours à l’IVG au rang de principe constitutionnel.Nous voilà donc placés devant une responsabilité importante et, au vu de la marche du monde, peut-être historique. La main de celles et ceux qui nous ont précédés, comme Simone Veil, n’a pas tremblé quand il a fallu adopter la loi de 1975. La voix de celles et ceux qui se sont battus ne s’est jamais tue lorsque, comme l’a fait Gisèle Halimi, il a fallu chèrement « choisir la cause des femmes ». (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – Mme Marie-Pierre Rixain applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "amendment": "",
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   "case": "ivg",
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   "analysis_text": "C’est un jour important pour notre assemblée : nous examinons le projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Si notre assemblée vote ce texte, si le Sénat l’approuve dans les mêmes termes, si le Parlement réuni en Congrès l’adopte, alors la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse sera inscrite dans notre Constitution : la France deviendra le premier pays au monde à la garantir à ce niveau. Si notre assemblée vote ce texte, si le Sénat l’adopte dans les mêmes termes, si le Parlement réuni en Congrès l’approuve, ce sera la première révision constitutionnelle adoptée depuis près de seize ans.Si le conditionnel est de rigueur, c’est parce qu’il faut mesurer combien le parcours d’un projet de révision constitutionnelle est difficile. Celui du texte qui nous occupe a débuté il y a plusieurs mois grâce aux deux propositions de lois constitutionnelles défendues tant par la majorité – par la voix de Mme Bergé – que par l’opposition – par la voix de Mme Panot. Ce fut l’ébauche du consensus que nous devons concrétiser aujourd’hui, malgré des résistances anciennes.Pour parvenir à réformer la Constitution, il faut en effet un consensus. Nous l’avions trouvé ici même en novembre 2022. Le Sénat, de son côté, avait adopté une autre rédaction, sans remettre en cause le principe consistant à garantir aux femmes la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en l’inscrivant dans la Constitution. Le projet de loi présenté par le Gouvernement opère une synthèse qui permet cette révision : consécration de la liberté de la femme et du rôle prépondérant du législateur pour l’encadrer, recours garanti à cette liberté pour se prémunir de toute régression, inscription littérale de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse au cœur de la Constitution.Les travaux menés la semaine passée par la commission des lois, éclairés par l’avis du Conseil d’État, ont, je le crois, permis à chacun de mesurer les enjeux et de lever les dernières réserves – pour celles qui étaient sincères. Certains ont, à cette occasion, raillé le caractère symbolique d’une telle révision constitutionnelle. Mais si celle-ci n’est que symbolique, pourquoi s’y opposer ?La vérité, c’est que réviser la Constitution est tout sauf symbolique. La révision de 2007 constitutionnalisant l’interdiction de la peine de mort n’était pas symbolique. La protection d’une liberté fondamentale n’est pas symbolique. De même, le caractère indivisible, laïc, démocratique et social de notre République, l’égalité devant la loi de tous les citoyens sans distinction d’origine, de race ou de religion et le respect de toutes les croyances mentionnées à l’article 1er de notre Constitution, ne sont pas des symboles mais des droits garantis, auxquels le rang constitutionnel confère la plus haute protection qui soit, pour les mettre à l’abri de toute menace.Car l’interruption volontaire de grossesse – comme plusieurs droits fondamentaux, d’ailleurs – est remise en cause dans le monde. La France n’étant pas isolée, hermétique au monde ou autarcique, rien ne la prémunit par principe des mouvements conservateurs et réactionnaires, pro-vie et anti-IVG. En l’état du droit, qui pouvait prédire avec certitude l’adoption, par la Cour suprême des États-Unis, de l’arrêt Dobbs du 24 juin 2022, par lequel elle a rompu avec cinquante-neuf ans de reconnaissance du droit à l’avortement à l’échelle fédérale ? Qui peut sereinement observer la Hongrie et la Pologne, pourtant membres de l’Union européenne, restreindre avec force le recours à l’IVG en obligeant les femmes à écouter le cœur du fœtus ou en interdisant les avortements en cas de malformation ? Nul besoin pour les détracteurs de l’IVG, dans ces pays, de dénoncer la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme ou de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne : ni l’une ni l’autre ne protègent ce droit, car elles considèrent que son application relève de la libre appréciation des États.Aussi vrai soit-il qu’en France, l’avortement est largement soutenu par la population comme par les associations, les mouvements antichoix sont bien présents et se sont sinistrement rappelés à la mémoire de chacun en dégradant plusieurs accueils du Planning familial, dont je souligne ici l’importance et le rôle indispensable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE], sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Aussi vrai soit-il qu’en France, la loi reconnaît le droit de recourir à l’IVG, aucune règle constitutionnelle ne protège pour l’heure cette liberté : le Conseil constitutionnel ne l’a jamais consacrée et n’a jamais estimé qu’elle était garantie aux femmes.La conformité de l’IVG à la Constitution ne résulte pas même d’un principe constitutionnel spécifique, mais de l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme – appréciée à l’aune d’une interprétation extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen – et de la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine. À titre de rappel – pour ceux à qui cela échapperait dans les prochains jours –, le Conseil constitutionnel lui-même estime, depuis sa décision relative à l’IVG du 15 janvier 1975, qu’il ne dispose pas d’un « pouvoir général d’appréciation et de décision identique à celui du Parlement ». Autrement dit, seul le Parlement agissant en constituant peut élever la protection du recours à l’IVG au rang de principe constitutionnel.Nous voilà donc placés devant une responsabilité importante et, au vu de la marche du monde, peut-être historique. La main de celles et ceux qui nous ont précédés, comme Simone Veil, n’a pas tremblé quand il a fallu adopter la loi de 1975. La voix de celles et ceux qui se sont battus ne s’est jamais tue lorsque, comme l’a fait Gisèle Halimi, il a fallu chèrement « choisir la cause des femmes ». (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "présidente de la délégation aux droits des femmes et à l’égalité des chances entre les hommes et les femmes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
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   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349425",
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   "order": 345,
   "text": "C’est avec émotion et détermination que je me tiens ici devant vous, cinquante ans après le discours de Simone Veil à cette même tribune, pour garantir la pérennité du droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. En cet instant, j’ai une pensée pour toutes les femmes, connues et inconnues, qui ont œuvré pour faire inscrire dans la loi ce droit fondamental à disposer de son corps, pour toutes celles et ceux qui accompagnent au quotidien les femmes qui ont recours à l’avortement, et aussi pour toutes les Françaises de notre pays qui nous écoutent, avec attention et emplies d’espoir. Comme le disait Simone Veil, « il suffit d’écouter les femmes », premières concernées par l’IVG. Or 80 % des Françaises et des Français sont en faveur de la constitutionnalisation de ce droit. Écoutons-les.Je le répéterai autant de fois que j’en aurai la force : n’en déplaise à certains dans cet hémicycle, le droit à l’avortement n’est pas une simple tolérance ou une grâce faite aux femmes. L’IVG est un droit humain fondamental : celui de disposer librement de notre corps et de choisir si, oui ou non, nous voulons poursuivre une grossesse. Les droits sexuels et reproductifs sont le socle de tous les droits des femmes. Comme le disait Gisèle Halimi, « il y a dans le droit à l’avortement de la femme une revendication élémentaire, physique, de liberté ».Je sais que certains d’entre vous, minoritaires, s’interrogent légitimement sur la nécessité de constitutionnaliser ce droit. À ceux qui doutent, je rappelle que l’histoire du droit à l’avortement est jalonnée de victoires, mais aussi de régressions. Qui aurait pu penser, il y a deux ou trois ans, que ce droit serait torpillé aux États-Unis ? Certains me rétorqueront qu’on n’écrit pas la loi en fonction de la situation internationale. À ceux-là, je veux répondre deux choses.Premièrement, je l’affirme : les mouvements antichoix sont parmi nous. Il n’y a qu’à voir les votes au sein de cet hémicycle, entendre certains propos tenus en commission des lois ou encore constater la mobilisation grandissante autour de la « marche pour la vie » pour se rendre compte que le droit à l’IVG n’est pas une évidence pour tout le monde.Deuxièmement, c’est précisément parce que le droit à l’IVG n’est pas encore remis en cause en France que nous pouvons et devons l’inscrire dans la Constitution dès maintenant. Soyons humbles : reconnaissons que ce droit qui nous est cher pourrait disparaître. En Europe, on l’observe déjà : les forces politiques qui y sont opposées le remettent clairement en cause dès leur arrivée au pouvoir. Ce qu’une simple loi ordinaire nous a permis d’obtenir il y a cinquante ans, une simple loi ordinaire pourrait le défaire. Ayons la modestie de reconnaître que ce qui arrive chez nos voisins italiens, hongrois ou polonais – qui n’habitent pas des contrées exotiques et lointaines, contrairement à ce qu’on a pu entendre en commission – peut aussi arriver en France.L’avis du Conseil d’État est très clair et doit servir de base à nos débats : personne ni aucun texte ne peut présentement garantir l’intangibilité du droit de recourir à l’IVG. Que celles et ceux qui refusent d’intégrer le droit à l’IVG dans notre Constitution parce qu’ils estiment qu’il n’est nullement menacé regardent autour d’eux, qu’ils regardent à l’horizon ! Pouvez-vous assurer aux générations futures qu’elles auront accès aux mêmes droits que nous ? Pouvez-vous le leur garantir ? Nous connaissons tous la réponse. Le sujet est trop grave pour ne pas faire preuve d’honnêteté intellectuelle.Vous qui clamez que les conditions d’accès à l’IVG sont prioritaires, comment justifiez-vous avoir déposé des amendements visant à affaiblir le droit actuel ? Comment expliquez-vous aux Françaises et aux Français votre volonté de réduire de quatorze à dix le nombre de semaines durant lesquelles il est possible d’avorter ? Comment justifiez-vous votre volonté de dérembourser l’IVG ? Et la liste ne s’arrête pas là : en prétendant créer un nouveau droit à « la protection de la vie à naître », vous reprenez les mots des antichoix qui ont défilé ce dimanche dans la rue. Quel choc en lisant vos amendements !Quelle vision avez-vous, ou plutôt vous faites-vous du droit à l’avortement et des femmes ? Que les femmes seraient trop légères lorsqu’elles ont recours à l’avortement ? Qu’elles ne seraient pas capables de faire ce choix libre et éclairé ? Ces sous-entendus sont d’une violence extraordinaire pour les personnes concernées ; j’ai une pensée pour toutes celles d’entre nous, au sein même de cet hémicycle et au-delà, qui ont eu recours à l’IVG. Disons les choses clairement : ce discours qui vise à culpabiliser les femmes témoigne d’une vision paternaliste et rétrograde qui n’est l’alliée ni des femmes ni de leurs libertés. Vous faites croire qu’il n’existe aucune menace contre le droit à l’IVG, mais vous incarnez vous-mêmes cette menace : vos amendements sont la preuve flagrante de la nécessité de constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG.Chers collègues, n’attendons pas que le droit à l’IVG soit en danger pour agir : agissons maintenant pour qu’il ne soit jamais menacé. Mon cœur, mon corps, mon choix. Constitutionnalisons le droit à l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES, Dem, SOC, HOR, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 345,
   "amendments": [],
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349425",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 868,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est avec émotion et détermination que je me tiens ici devant vous, cinquante ans après le discours de Simone Veil à cette même tribune, pour garantir la pérennité du droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. En cet instant, j’ai une pensée pour toutes les femmes, connues et inconnues, qui ont œuvré pour faire inscrire dans la loi ce droit fondamental à disposer de son corps, pour toutes celles et ceux qui accompagnent au quotidien les femmes qui ont recours à l’avortement, et aussi pour toutes les Françaises de notre pays qui nous écoutent, avec attention et emplies d’espoir. Comme le disait Simone Veil, « il suffit d’écouter les femmes », premières concernées par l’IVG. Or 80 % des Françaises et des Français sont en faveur de la constitutionnalisation de ce droit. Écoutons-les.Je le répéterai autant de fois que j’en aurai la force : n’en déplaise à certains dans cet hémicycle, le droit à l’avortement n’est pas une simple tolérance ou une grâce faite aux femmes. L’IVG est un droit humain fondamental : celui de disposer librement de notre corps et de choisir si, oui ou non, nous voulons poursuivre une grossesse. Les droits sexuels et reproductifs sont le socle de tous les droits des femmes. Comme le disait Gisèle Halimi, « il y a dans le droit à l’avortement de la femme une revendication élémentaire, physique, de liberté ».Je sais que certains d’entre vous, minoritaires, s’interrogent légitimement sur la nécessité de constitutionnaliser ce droit. À ceux qui doutent, je rappelle que l’histoire du droit à l’avortement est jalonnée de victoires, mais aussi de régressions. Qui aurait pu penser, il y a deux ou trois ans, que ce droit serait torpillé aux États-Unis ? Certains me rétorqueront qu’on n’écrit pas la loi en fonction de la situation internationale. À ceux-là, je veux répondre deux choses.Premièrement, je l’affirme : les mouvements antichoix sont parmi nous. Il n’y a qu’à voir les votes au sein de cet hémicycle, entendre certains propos tenus en commission des lois ou encore constater la mobilisation grandissante autour de la « marche pour la vie » pour se rendre compte que le droit à l’IVG n’est pas une évidence pour tout le monde.Deuxièmement, c’est précisément parce que le droit à l’IVG n’est pas encore remis en cause en France que nous pouvons et devons l’inscrire dans la Constitution dès maintenant. Soyons humbles : reconnaissons que ce droit qui nous est cher pourrait disparaître. En Europe, on l’observe déjà : les forces politiques qui y sont opposées le remettent clairement en cause dès leur arrivée au pouvoir. Ce qu’une simple loi ordinaire nous a permis d’obtenir il y a cinquante ans, une simple loi ordinaire pourrait le défaire. Ayons la modestie de reconnaître que ce qui arrive chez nos voisins italiens, hongrois ou polonais – qui n’habitent pas des contrées exotiques et lointaines, contrairement à ce qu’on a pu entendre en commission – peut aussi arriver en France.L’avis du Conseil d’État est très clair et doit servir de base à nos débats : personne ni aucun texte ne peut présentement garantir l’intangibilité du droit de recourir à l’IVG. Que celles et ceux qui refusent d’intégrer le droit à l’IVG dans notre Constitution parce qu’ils estiment qu’il n’est nullement menacé regardent autour d’eux, qu’ils regardent à l’horizon ! Pouvez-vous assurer aux générations futures qu’elles auront accès aux mêmes droits que nous ? Pouvez-vous le leur garantir ? Nous connaissons tous la réponse. Le sujet est trop grave pour ne pas faire preuve d’honnêteté intellectuelle.Vous qui clamez que les conditions d’accès à l’IVG sont prioritaires, comment justifiez-vous avoir déposé des amendements visant à affaiblir le droit actuel ? Comment expliquez-vous aux Françaises et aux Français votre volonté de réduire de quatorze à dix le nombre de semaines durant lesquelles il est possible d’avorter ? Comment justifiez-vous votre volonté de dérembourser l’IVG ? Et la liste ne s’arrête pas là : en prétendant créer un nouveau droit à « la protection de la vie à naître », vous reprenez les mots des antichoix qui ont défilé ce dimanche dans la rue. Quel choc en lisant vos amendements !Quelle vision avez-vous, ou plutôt vous faites-vous du droit à l’avortement et des femmes ? Que les femmes seraient trop légères lorsqu’elles ont recours à l’avortement ? Qu’elles ne seraient pas capables de faire ce choix libre et éclairé ? Ces sous-entendus sont d’une violence extraordinaire pour les personnes concernées ; j’ai une pensée pour toutes celles d’entre nous, au sein même de cet hémicycle et au-delà, qui ont eu recours à l’IVG. Disons les choses clairement : ce discours qui vise à culpabiliser les femmes témoigne d’une vision paternaliste et rétrograde qui n’est l’alliée ni des femmes ni de leurs libertés. Vous faites croire qu’il n’existe aucune menace contre le droit à l’IVG, mais vous incarnez vous-mêmes cette menace : vos amendements sont la preuve flagrante de la nécessité de constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG.Chers collègues, n’attendons pas que le droit à l’IVG soit en danger pour agir : agissons maintenant pour qu’il ne soit jamais menacé. Mon cœur, mon corps, mon choix. Constitutionnalisons le droit à l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE], Dem, [GROUPE], HOR, Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA719146",
   "speaker": "Jean-Félix Acquaviva",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva",
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   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Comment ne pas évoquer solennellement, à mon tour, la grande dame que fut Mme Simone Veil, qui prenait la parole ici même, il y a près de cinquante ans ? Comment ne pas se remémorer l’adversité et la haine qu’elle a endurées jusque dans ses propres rangs ? Si ce texte majeur pour le droit des femmes a traversé les années, personne ne prétend le remettre en cause aujourd’hui, hormis quelques militants acharnés – que je respecte totalement dès lors qu’ils ne versent pas dans un fanatisme religieux.Cela étant, à ceux qui disent qu’il n’existe pas de risque politique réel et imminent, les élus du groupe Libertés, indépendants, outre-mer et territoires répondent que l’improbable n’est pas impossible et que si l’optimisme est une qualité, il ne doit pas mener à l’aveuglement. Comment rester insensible face aux positions réactionnaires de divers gouvernements que l’on voit poindre au cœur même de l’Europe – sans parler de la décision prise par la Cour suprême de l’autre côté de l’Atlantique ?Dans ce contexte, nous espérons que ce débat et le vote de cette loi enverront un message rassurant. Un an après le vote de la dernière proposition de loi sur ce thème, ma position – comme celle de la très grande majorité de notre groupe – n’a pas changé. Il faut être constant et rester fidèle à ses convictions sur des sujets de société aussi importants.Nous sommes favorables à l’inscription dans la Constitution française du droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse pour toutes les femmes. (Mme Maud Petit applaudit.) Je salue mon collègue de l’Ariège, Laurent Panifous, très engagé sur la question du droit à l’avortement. Saisissons la fenêtre de tir qui se présente à nous ! Ainsi que je l’ai déjà dit en commission au nom du groupe LIOT, nous ne pouvons manquer cette opportunité.J’en appelle ainsi à la bienveillance de nos collègues sénateurs et du président Gérard Larcher : nous n’enlevons aucun droit à personne, nous consacrons simplement une liberté légitime. Certains estiment notre législation suffisamment protectrice, mais cette opinion ne doit pas mener à une inconscience béate. Si la loi Veil est une grande loi, elle demeure une loi ordinaire qui pourrait être limitée par une autre loi ordinaire. Nous pouvons aller plus loin en lui conférant une force constitutionnelle incontestable.L’existence d’une majorité dans cette Assemblée pour voter ce texte doit nous pousser non à l’inertie mais à l’action pour renforcer la protection de ce droit.J’en viens au texte que nous proposent le Gouvernement et cette majorité. Comme évoqué en commission, sa rédaction témoigne d’une forme de prudence un peu excessive. L’article unique reste timide par rapport à la version qu’avaient défendue en novembre 2022 de nombreux députés dont Mathilde Panot, et que nous avions soutenue. Cependant, pour des raisons d’équilibre, nous sommes prêts à nous ranger s’il le faut – et il le faudra certainement – derrière cette rédaction de compromis qui privilégie la notion de liberté et une inscription à l’article 34 de la Constitution.Au-delà des avancées symboliques, la question essentielle pour les citoyennes françaises demeure celle de l’exercice concret et sans entrave de l’IVG. Les difficultés pratiques ainsi que les importantes fractures sociales et territoriales qui subsistent dans l’accès effectif à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse imposent une réponse forte de l’État.Contrairement à d’autres Constitutions, comme celle de la République fédérale d’Allemagne, la Constitution du 4 octobre 1958 ne contient pas de liste de droits et libertés garantis. Ceux-ci sont renvoyés à ce qu’on appelle le bloc de constitutionnalité.La question de l’IVG démontre que la sacralisation de droits et libertés fondamentaux représente un chantier à ouvrir dans le cadre d’une révision constitutionnelle d’ampleur. Faisons tous aujourd’hui un choix noble et juste, votons ce texte ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LIOT, RE, LR, Dem et HOR et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 356,
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   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Comment ne pas évoquer solennellement, à mon tour, la grande dame que fut Mme Simone Veil, qui prenait la parole ici même, il y a près de cinquante ans ? Comment ne pas se remémorer l’adversité et la haine qu’elle a endurées jusque dans ses propres rangs ? Si ce texte majeur pour le droit des femmes a traversé les années, personne ne prétend le remettre en cause aujourd’hui, hormis quelques militants acharnés – que je respecte totalement dès lors qu’ils ne versent pas dans un fanatisme religieux.Cela étant, à ceux qui disent qu’il n’existe pas de risque politique réel et imminent, les élus du groupe [GROUPE] répondent que l’improbable n’est pas impossible et que si l’optimisme est une qualité, il ne doit pas mener à l’aveuglement. Comment rester insensible face aux positions réactionnaires de divers gouvernements que l’on voit poindre au cœur même de l’Europe – sans parler de la décision prise par la Cour suprême de l’autre côté de l’Atlantique ?Dans ce contexte, nous espérons que ce débat et le vote de cette loi enverront un message rassurant. Un an après le vote de la dernière proposition de loi sur ce thème, ma position – comme celle de la très grande majorité de notre groupe – n’a pas changé. Il faut être constant et rester fidèle à ses convictions sur des sujets de société aussi importants.Nous sommes favorables à l’inscription dans la Constitution française du droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse pour toutes les femmes. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Je salue mon collègue de l’Ariège, [PERSONNE], très engagé sur la question du droit à l’avortement. Saisissons la fenêtre de tir qui se présente à nous ! Ainsi que je l’ai déjà dit en commission au nom du groupe LIOT, nous ne pouvons manquer cette opportunité.J’en appelle ainsi à la bienveillance de nos collègues sénateurs et du président [PERSONNE] : nous n’enlevons aucun droit à personne, nous consacrons simplement une liberté légitime. Certains estiment notre législation suffisamment protectrice, mais cette opinion ne doit pas mener à une inconscience béate. Si la loi Veil est une grande loi, elle demeure une loi ordinaire qui pourrait être limitée par une autre loi ordinaire. Nous pouvons aller plus loin en lui conférant une force constitutionnelle incontestable.L’existence d’une majorité dans cette Assemblée pour voter ce texte doit nous pousser non à l’inertie mais à l’action pour renforcer la protection de ce droit.J’en viens au texte que nous proposent le Gouvernement et cette majorité. Comme évoqué en commission, sa rédaction témoigne d’une forme de prudence un peu excessive. L’article unique reste timide par rapport à la version qu’avaient défendue en novembre 2022 de nombreux députés dont [PERSONNE], et que nous avions soutenue. Cependant, pour des raisons d’équilibre, nous sommes prêts à nous ranger s’il le faut – et il le faudra certainement – derrière cette rédaction de compromis qui privilégie la notion de liberté et une inscription à l’article 34 de la Constitution.Au-delà des avancées symboliques, la question essentielle pour les citoyennes françaises demeure celle de l’exercice concret et sans entrave de l’IVG. Les difficultés pratiques ainsi que les importantes fractures sociales et territoriales qui subsistent dans l’accès effectif à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse imposent une réponse forte de l’État.Contrairement à d’autres Constitutions, comme celle de la République fédérale d’Allemagne, la Constitution du 4 octobre 1958 ne contient pas de liste de droits et libertés garantis. Ceux-ci sont renvoyés à ce qu’on appelle le bloc de constitutionnalité.La question de l’IVG démontre que la sacralisation de droits et libertés fondamentaux représente un chantier à ouvrir dans le cadre d’une révision constitutionnelle d’ampleur. Faisons tous aujourd’hui un choix noble et juste, votons ce texte ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LIOT, RE, [GROUPE], Dem et HOR et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "text": "Il y a près d’un demi-siècle, cette assemblée légalisait le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse sous l’impulsion de Simone Veil, marquant le commencement d’une nouvelle ère pour les femmes : celle de la maîtrise de leur corps et de leur destin.Depuis cet acte fondateur pour les droits des femmes dans notre pays, que de chemin parcouru ! Le droit à l’avortement a été renforcé et facilité et son remboursement a été obtenu. Les politiques d’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes dans notre pays auraient été impossibles sans ce pas décisif.Il appartient aujourd’hui à cette législature de consacrer un droit qui représente un pilier de l’édifice législatif émancipateur des femmes en inscrivant dans notre Constitution la liberté garantie à la femme de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse.Plusieurs groupes parlementaires – que je salue – ont pris l’initiative de déposer une proposition de loi constitutionnelle tout en soulignant la nécessité de privilégier le recours à un projet de loi. Ces textes eurent le mérite de permettre à nos deux chambres de débattre sereinement. Puis, au terme d’une première navette, le Président de la République a déposé, comme il s’y était engagé, un projet de loi constitutionnelle en Conseil des ministres.À ce stade, je salue l’engagement constant de M. le garde des sceaux en faveur de l’inscription dans la Constitution du droit de recourir à l’IVG ainsi que votre détermination sans borne, madame la ministre déléguée. Nous nous souvenons tous du discours sincère et combatif que vous aviez tenu ici, en votre qualité de députée, il y a un an, lors de l’examen d’une première proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à garantir le droit à l’IVG.Je salue aussi la qualité de votre rapport, monsieur le rapporteur. Sa lecture et celle de l’avis particulièrement éclairant du Conseil d’État expliquent les conséquences juridiques de l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution.Ces deux textes présentent une réponse à ceux qui arguent que celle-ci est superfétatoire.Le Conseil d’État rappelle sans ambiguïté qu’en l’état de notre droit, il n’existe pas de garantie supralégislative à la liberté donnée aux femmes de recourir à l’avortement. Certes, le juge constitutionnel a consacré la conformité à la Constitution de la législation actuelle en matière d’IVG mais il n’a jamais affirmé qu’une loi qui viendrait réduire ou faire disparaître ce droit de l’ordonnancement juridique serait contraire à notre loi fondamentale. Il est donc essentiel d’introduire dans la Constitution une disposition claire qui consacre cette liberté.Vos travaux, monsieur le rapporteur, ainsi que ceux du Conseil d’État, sont également précieux pour apprécier la formulation retenue : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Je fais miennes les observations du Conseil d’État sur l’usage du mot « liberté » plutôt que du mot « droit », lorsqu’il indique : « Au vu de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel qui ne retient pas une acception différente des termes de droit et de liberté, le Conseil d’État considère que la consécration d’un droit à recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse n’aurait pas une portée différente de la proclamation d’une liberté. »La Constitution consacre la liberté d’expression ou la liberté de conscience, qui sont des droits fondamentaux dont nul ne conteste la portée, quand bien même il ne s’agit pas de droits à proprement parler.L’avis du Conseil d’État est tout aussi éclairant sur le choix du mot « femme » : si la désignation d’un bénéficiaire de cette liberté est indispensable pour donner un caractère personnel à celle-ci, l’usage du mot « femme » – somme toute assez légitime lorsqu’on parle de droits reproductifs – n’empêche pas de faire de toute personne en état de grossesse un bénéficiaire de cette liberté.Enfin, le choix du gouvernement de reprendre les travaux du Sénat sur l’inscription de cette liberté à l’article 34 de notre Constitution tout en précisant que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG est « garantie » aux femmes est pertinent et susceptible de proportionner avec justesse le niveau de protection de cette liberté. Cet équilibre consacre les prérogatives du législateur pour délimiter les contours et les modalités d’exercice de ce droit, tout en renvoyant à la Constitution pour en protéger le caractère effectif.L’adoption de ce projet de loi n’entraînera ni la nécessité de faire évoluer notre cadre législatif ni une remise en cause d’autres droits et libertés – en particulier de la liberté de conscience des médecins. Il n’en résultera pas un droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en dehors du cadre législatif actuel. Il ne sera en revanche pas possible pour un législateur réactionnaire d’interdire l’avortement ou de le limiter de manière excessive.Fruit d’un premier échange entre les deux chambres de notre parlement, cette rédaction de compromis est d’une redoutable efficacité : elle permet la mise en place d’un bouclier protecteur non régressif et empêche tout retour en arrière qui viendrait priver d’effectivité le droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG.À ceux de nos collègues, très engagés sur ce sujet, qui seraient tentés de vouloir améliorer la rédaction proposée, je voudrais dire que les deux chambres ont déjà eu l’occasion d’exprimer leur volonté, que le mieux est l’ennemi du bien et qu’à partir du moment où le terme « garantie » a été ajouté à la formulation du Sénat, il ne fait aucun doute qu’elle offre un niveau de protection suffisant.Parce que toute modification du texte nous éloignerait de la perspective d’une constitutionnalisation, il nous faut en tirer les conclusions appropriées et le voter sans rien y ajouter et sans rien y retrancher, pour tendre la main à nos collègues sénateurs. C’est ce que feront les députés du groupe Renaissance.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
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   "analysis_text": "Il y a près d’un demi-siècle, cette assemblée légalisait le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse sous l’impulsion de Simone Veil, marquant le commencement d’une nouvelle ère pour les femmes : celle de la maîtrise de leur corps et de leur destin.Depuis cet acte fondateur pour les droits des femmes dans notre pays, que de chemin parcouru ! Le droit à l’avortement a été renforcé et facilité et son remboursement a été obtenu. Les politiques d’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes dans notre pays auraient été impossibles sans ce pas décisif.Il appartient aujourd’hui à cette législature de consacrer un droit qui représente un pilier de l’édifice législatif émancipateur des femmes en inscrivant dans notre Constitution la liberté garantie à la femme de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse.Plusieurs groupes parlementaires – que je salue – ont pris l’initiative de déposer une proposition de loi constitutionnelle tout en soulignant la nécessité de privilégier le recours à un projet de loi. Ces textes eurent le mérite de permettre à nos deux chambres de débattre sereinement. Puis, au terme d’une première navette, le Président de la République a déposé, comme il s’y était engagé, un projet de loi constitutionnelle en Conseil des ministres.À ce stade, je salue l’engagement constant de M. le garde des sceaux en faveur de l’inscription dans la Constitution du droit de recourir à l’IVG ainsi que votre détermination sans borne, madame la ministre déléguée. Nous nous souvenons tous du discours sincère et combatif que vous aviez tenu ici, en votre qualité de députée, il y a un an, lors de l’examen d’une première proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à garantir le droit à l’IVG.Je salue aussi la qualité de votre rapport, monsieur le rapporteur. Sa lecture et celle de l’avis particulièrement éclairant du Conseil d’État expliquent les conséquences juridiques de l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution.Ces deux textes présentent une réponse à ceux qui arguent que celle-ci est superfétatoire.Le Conseil d’État rappelle sans ambiguïté qu’en l’état de notre droit, il n’existe pas de garantie supralégislative à la liberté donnée aux femmes de recourir à l’avortement. Certes, le juge constitutionnel a consacré la conformité à la Constitution de la législation actuelle en matière d’IVG mais il n’a jamais affirmé qu’une loi qui viendrait réduire ou faire disparaître ce droit de l’ordonnancement juridique serait contraire à notre loi fondamentale. Il est donc essentiel d’introduire dans la Constitution une disposition claire qui consacre cette liberté.Vos travaux, monsieur le rapporteur, ainsi que ceux du Conseil d’État, sont également précieux pour apprécier la formulation retenue : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Je fais miennes les observations du Conseil d’État sur l’usage du mot « liberté » plutôt que du mot « droit », lorsqu’il indique : « Au vu de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel qui ne retient pas une acception différente des termes de droit et de liberté, le Conseil d’État considère que la consécration d’un droit à recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse n’aurait pas une portée différente de la proclamation d’une liberté. »La Constitution consacre la liberté d’expression ou la liberté de conscience, qui sont des droits fondamentaux dont nul ne conteste la portée, quand bien même il ne s’agit pas de droits à proprement parler.L’avis du Conseil d’État est tout aussi éclairant sur le choix du mot « femme » : si la désignation d’un bénéficiaire de cette liberté est indispensable pour donner un caractère personnel à celle-ci, l’usage du mot « femme » – somme toute assez légitime lorsqu’on parle de droits reproductifs – n’empêche pas de faire de toute personne en état de grossesse un bénéficiaire de cette liberté.Enfin, le choix du gouvernement de reprendre les travaux du Sénat sur l’inscription de cette liberté à l’article 34 de notre Constitution tout en précisant que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG est « garantie » aux femmes est pertinent et susceptible de proportionner avec justesse le niveau de protection de cette liberté. Cet équilibre consacre les prérogatives du législateur pour délimiter les contours et les modalités d’exercice de ce droit, tout en renvoyant à la Constitution pour en protéger le caractère effectif.L’adoption de ce projet de loi n’entraînera ni la nécessité de faire évoluer notre cadre législatif ni une remise en cause d’autres droits et libertés – en particulier de la liberté de conscience des médecins. Il n’en résultera pas un droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en dehors du cadre législatif actuel. Il ne sera en revanche pas possible pour un législateur réactionnaire d’interdire l’avortement ou de le limiter de manière excessive.Fruit d’un premier échange entre les deux chambres de notre parlement, cette rédaction de compromis est d’une redoutable efficacité : elle permet la mise en place d’un bouclier protecteur non régressif et empêche tout retour en arrière qui viendrait priver d’effectivité le droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG.À ceux de nos collègues, très engagés sur ce sujet, qui seraient tentés de vouloir améliorer la rédaction proposée, je voudrais dire que les deux chambres ont déjà eu l’occasion d’exprimer leur volonté, que le mieux est l’ennemi du bien et qu’à partir du moment où le terme « garantie » a été ajouté à la formulation du Sénat, il ne fait aucun doute qu’elle offre un niveau de protection suffisant.Parce que toute modification du texte nous éloignerait de la perspective d’une constitutionnalisation, il nous faut en tirer les conclusions appropriées et le voter sans rien y ajouter et sans rien y retrancher, pour tendre la main à nos collègues sénateurs. C’est ce que feront les députés du groupe [GROUPE]."
  },
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   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "text": "Juridiquement, la situation est claire ; politiquement, elle l’est aussi, malheureusement ! Pour certains, modifier la Constitution serait une mesure symbolique non nécessaire en l’absence de menace pesant sur le droit à l’IVG. Mais c’est lorsqu’on a une majorité pour le faire qu’il convient d’inscrire une liberté dans notre loi fondamentale. Après, il est trop tard !En second lieu, c’est une erreur que de considérer que la menace est nulle. L’humilité impose de regarder avec lucidité ce qui se passe hors du territoire français et de constater que, partout, les réactionnaires, lorsqu’ils arrivent au pouvoir, portent atteinte à ce droit car il constitue un pilier essentiel de la capacité des femmes à maîtriser leur corps et donc leur destin.L’arrêt Dobbs rendu par la Cour suprême américaine nous rappelle qu’une tradition juridique bien ancrée peut être modifiée par une minorité très organisée. Au reste, le mouvement ne concerne pas uniquement les États-Unis : au Portugal, les conservateurs ont limité les conditions d’accès à l’IVG ; en Hongrie, ils ont quasiment fait disparaître ce droit et en Pologne, l’IVG a été pratiquement aboli dans les faits. Suppression totale ou partielle, déremboursement, mesures vexatoires comme l’imposition d’un examen psychologique ou d’un délai de réflexion ou l’obligation d’entendre au préalable les battements de cœur du fœtus,…",
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   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Juridiquement, la situation est claire ; politiquement, elle l’est aussi, malheureusement ! Pour certains, modifier la Constitution serait une mesure symbolique non nécessaire en l’absence de menace pesant sur le droit à l’IVG. Mais c’est lorsqu’on a une majorité pour le faire qu’il convient d’inscrire une liberté dans notre loi fondamentale. Après, il est trop tard !En second lieu, c’est une erreur que de considérer que la menace est nulle. L’humilité impose de regarder avec lucidité ce qui se passe hors du territoire français et de constater que, partout, les réactionnaires, lorsqu’ils arrivent au pouvoir, portent atteinte à ce droit car il constitue un pilier essentiel de la capacité des femmes à maîtriser leur corps et donc leur destin.L’arrêt Dobbs rendu par la Cour suprême américaine nous rappelle qu’une tradition juridique bien ancrée peut être modifiée par une minorité très organisée. Au reste, le mouvement ne concerne pas uniquement les États-Unis : au Portugal, les conservateurs ont limité les conditions d’accès à l’IVG ; en Hongrie, ils ont quasiment fait disparaître ce droit et en Pologne, l’IVG a été pratiquement aboli dans les faits. Suppression totale ou partielle, déremboursement, mesures vexatoires comme l’imposition d’un examen psychologique ou d’un délai de réflexion ou l’obligation d’entendre au préalable les battements de cœur du fœtus,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349808",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349808"
   ],
   "order": 388,
   "text": "…partout, les adversaires de l’IVG multiplient les attaques contre ce droit, y compris en Europe. Que toutes les défenseures du droit à l’avortement en Europe, qui militent parfois dans des conditions très difficiles, soient ici saluées et encouragées, leur combat est le nôtre !Il faudrait être aveugle ou de mauvaise foi pour ne pas voir que la menace est réelle, ici aussi. Non, les anti-IVG n’ont pas disparu dans notre pays. Ils pullulent sur les réseaux sociaux et sur internet ; ils envoient des fœtus en plastique aux députés engagés sur cette question ; 6 000 à 15 000 d’entre eux ont défilé dans nos rues la semaine dernière ; ils siègent même dans les rangs de notre assemblée. N’oublions pas que, si la stratégie de la cravate change l’apparence, elle ne change rien au fond ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)Oui, l’extrême droite est l’adversaire historique du droit des femmes en général et du droit à l’avortement en particulier. Marine Le Pen défendait il y a encore quelques années le déremboursement de l’IVG, considérant qu’il fallait lutter contre « les avortements de confort ». En 2021, lorsque cette assemblée allongeait de douze à quatorze semaines le délai de recours à l’IVG, elle dénonçait « une dérive idéologique ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 388,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349808",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 215,
   "annotation_id": "N68f9328e20be",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…partout, les adversaires de l’IVG multiplient les attaques contre ce droit, y compris en Europe. Que toutes les défenseures du droit à l’avortement en Europe, qui militent parfois dans des conditions très difficiles, soient ici saluées et encouragées, leur combat est le nôtre !Il faudrait être aveugle ou de mauvaise foi pour ne pas voir que la menace est réelle, ici aussi. Non, les anti-IVG n’ont pas disparu dans notre pays. Ils pullulent sur les réseaux sociaux et sur internet ; ils envoient des fœtus en plastique aux députés engagés sur cette question ; 6 000 à 15 000 d’entre eux ont défilé dans nos rues la semaine dernière ; ils siègent même dans les rangs de notre assemblée. N’oublions pas que, si la stratégie de la cravate change l’apparence, elle ne change rien au fond ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)Oui, l’extrême droite est l’adversaire historique du droit des femmes en général et du droit à l’avortement en particulier. [PERSONNE] défendait il y a encore quelques années le déremboursement de l’IVG, considérant qu’il fallait lutter contre « les avortements de confort ». En 2021, lorsque cette assemblée allongeait de douze à quatorze semaines le délai de recours à l’IVG, elle dénonçait « une dérive idéologique »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349812",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349812"
   ],
   "order": 392,
   "text": "D’ailleurs, on attend toujours qu’elle condamne l’interdiction par ses alliés du parti Droit et justice (PiS) de l’avortement en Pologne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)Nous pouvons avoir des doutes légitimes quant au fait que les idées du RN auraient changé. Simplement, la soif de pouvoir pousse ses membres à dissimuler leurs croyances profondes derrière des cravates. C’est bien une élue RN qui avait qualifié en 2018 l’avortement de « génocide de Français remplacé à tour de bras par les migrants » et c’est au RN qu’un député a comparé en 2020 l’IVG à la Shoah, aux génocides arméniens et rwandais, et aux crimes de Daech. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et HOR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes LR et LIOT.)À ceux qui disent que la constitutionnalisation ne servirait à rien, je pose cette question : veulent-ils sérieusement prendre le risque de voir demain leurs filles et leurs petites-filles mettre leur vie entre les mains de faiseuses d’anges, se retrouver dans une arrière-cuisine et finir mutilées ou pire, pour n’avoir pas voulu se résoudre à mener une grossesse à terme ? Ce n’est ni mon choix, ni celui de mon groupe.Pour consacrer le droit des femmes à maîtriser leur corps, pour envoyer un message d’espoir à toutes les femmes du monde qui voient leurs droits reproductifs fragilisés, le groupe Renaissance votera ce texte sans modification. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 392,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349812",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 242,
   "annotation_id": "N4f818aa89b7b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "D’ailleurs, on attend toujours qu’elle condamne l’interdiction par ses alliés du parti Droit et justice (PiS) de l’avortement en Pologne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Nous pouvons avoir des doutes légitimes quant au fait que les idées du [GROUPE] auraient changé. Simplement, la soif de pouvoir pousse ses membres à dissimuler leurs croyances profondes derrière des cravates. C’est bien une élue [GROUPE] qui avait qualifié en 2018 l’avortement de « génocide de Français remplacé à tour de bras par les migrants » et c’est au [GROUPE] qu’un député a comparé en 2020 l’IVG à la Shoah, aux génocides arméniens et rwandais, et aux crimes de Daech. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et HOR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et LIOT.)À ceux qui disent que la constitutionnalisation ne servirait à rien, je pose cette question : veulent-ils sérieusement prendre le risque de voir demain leurs filles et leurs petites-filles mettre leur vie entre les mains de faiseuses d’anges, se retrouver dans une arrière-cuisine et finir mutilées ou pire, pour n’avoir pas voulu se résoudre à mener une grossesse à terme ? Ce n’est ni mon choix, ni celui de mon groupe.Pour consacrer le droit des femmes à maîtriser leur corps, pour envoyer un message d’espoir à toutes les femmes du monde qui voient leurs droits reproductifs fragilisés, le groupe [GROUPE] votera ce texte sans modification. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349817",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349817"
   ],
   "order": 397,
   "text": "Vouloir inscrire dans la Constitution la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG est à tout le moins inapproprié et inutile.Inapproprié car ce texte est très éloigné des aspirations actuelles de nos concitoyens,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 397,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349817",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N6f1a7ac41bcc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Vouloir inscrire dans la Constitution la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG est à tout le moins inapproprié et inutile.Inapproprié car ce texte est très éloigné des aspirations actuelles de nos concitoyens,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349878",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349878"
   ],
   "order": 401,
   "text": "…davantage préoccupés par la hausse galopante des prix, notamment de l’énergie, et la baisse corrélative du pouvoir d’achat, par le sort plus qu’inquiétant des pêcheurs et des agriculteurs sacrifiés sur l’autel de l’Union européenne,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 401,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349878",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N1cce670c2acb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…davantage préoccupés par la hausse galopante des prix, notamment de l’énergie, et la baisse corrélative du pouvoir d’achat, par le sort plus qu’inquiétant des pêcheurs et des agriculteurs sacrifiés sur l’autel de l’Union européenne,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349882",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349882"
   ],
   "order": 405,
   "text": "…et surtout totalement décorrélée de tous ces sujets qui ne vous intéressent pas mais qui suscitent les plus grandes craintes chez nos concitoyens. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 405,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349882",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Ndbc061ba4fca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…et surtout totalement décorrélée de tous ces sujets qui ne vous intéressent pas mais qui suscitent les plus grandes craintes chez nos concitoyens. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349887",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349887"
   ],
   "order": 411,
   "text": "Je le répète car je connais la vision partiale et partielle – je n’ose pas aller jusqu’à parler de mauvaise foi – qui s’exprime parfois sur certains bancs : il n’est pas question que notre famille politique remette en cause l’accès à l’avortement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 411,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349887",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "Nc84e20602c76",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je le répète car je connais la vision partiale et partielle – je n’ose pas aller jusqu’à parler de mauvaise foi – qui s’exprime parfois sur certains bancs : il n’est pas question que notre famille politique remette en cause l’accès à l’avortement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349891",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349891"
   ],
   "order": 415,
   "text": "La liberté d’avorter, aujourd’hui pleinement protégée par la loi défendue par Simone Veil, fait désormais partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique.Le Conseil constitutionnel, quant à lui, a toujours jugé l’avortement conforme à la Constitution et rattache au demeurant l’IVG au principe de liberté de la femme découlant de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, qu’il concilie avec celui de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine. Ainsi, sur le plan constitutionnel, il n’existe strictement aucun risque d’atteinte à l’IVG.Dès lors, à quel titre devrions-nous modifier notre Constitution afin d’y inscrire une liberté que personne ne conteste et qui est protégée par la jurisprudence constante du Conseil constitutionnel – que vous savez brandir en d’autres occasions ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 415,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349891",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 130,
   "annotation_id": "Nb4e07019e78d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La liberté d’avorter, aujourd’hui pleinement protégée par la loi défendue par Simone Veil, fait désormais partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique.Le Conseil constitutionnel, quant à lui, a toujours jugé l’avortement conforme à la Constitution et rattache au demeurant l’IVG au principe de liberté de la femme découlant de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, qu’il concilie avec celui de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine. Ainsi, sur le plan constitutionnel, il n’existe strictement aucun risque d’atteinte à l’IVG.Dès lors, à quel titre devrions-nous modifier notre Constitution afin d’y inscrire une liberté que personne ne conteste et qui est protégée par la jurisprudence constante du Conseil constitutionnel – que vous savez brandir en d’autres occasions ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349894",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349894"
   ],
   "order": 419,
   "text": "À cet égard, et alors que certains tentent de semer la confusion, ne vous trompez pas de débat. Le problème n’est pas de savoir si l’on est pour ou contre l’IVG ; ce débat a été tranché en 1975, il y a bientôt cinquante ans.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 419,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349894",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N197fb40de199",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À cet égard, et alors que certains tentent de semer la confusion, ne vous trompez pas de débat. Le problème n’est pas de savoir si l’on est pour ou contre l’IVG ; ce débat a été tranché en 1975, il y a bientôt cinquante ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349899",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349899"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "…et dont on use dans notre pays où 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées en 2022, soit deux fois plus qu’en Allemagne.Par ailleurs, ce texte risque de remettre en cause l’équilibre de la loi Veil. En effet, celle-ci énonce dans son article 1er : « La loi garantit le respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie. Il ne saurait être porté atteinte à ce principe qu’en cas de nécessité et selon les conditions définies par la présente loi. »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 425,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349899",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "Nda98d6cd0b1b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…et dont on use dans notre pays où 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées en 2022, soit deux fois plus qu’en Allemagne.Par ailleurs, ce texte risque de remettre en cause l’équilibre de la loi Veil. En effet, celle-ci énonce dans son article 1er : « La loi garantit le respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie. Il ne saurait être porté atteinte à ce principe qu’en cas de nécessité et selon les conditions définies par la présente loi. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349902",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349902"
   ],
   "order": 428,
   "text": "À travers cet article, le législateur de 1975 a souhaité – il y a quasiment cinquante ans – équilibrer les droits de la femme enceinte et ceux de l’embryon en posant une règle dérogatoire et fondamentale, au « respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie ». La loi Veil était donc, dès l’origine, un texte dérogatoire au droit commun, faisant de l’IVG une exception au principe de respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie.C’est pourquoi vouloir inscrire aujourd’hui dans la Constitution « la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une IVG » peut paraître en contradiction avec la loi Veil. Si le texte proposé est voté, l’IVG sera constitutionnalisée. D’exception, elle deviendra principe. Dès lors, c’est tout un pan du code de la santé publique et du droit médical qu’il nous faudra rebâtir autour de ce principe, quoi qu’en disent les partisans de ce texte afin d’assurer à tout prix cette nouvelle liberté constitutionnelle. Au vu de l’état actuel de notre système de santé, est-ce bien judicieux ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)D’aucuns, pour pallier cet écueil, mettent en avant l’aspect symbolique de la démarche. C’est d’ailleurs pour cette raison qu’une majorité de notre groupe avait voté le texte soumis à notre assemblée en novembre 2022.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 428,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349902",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 218,
   "annotation_id": "N1227c447ba4a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À travers cet article, le législateur de 1975 a souhaité – il y a quasiment cinquante ans – équilibrer les droits de la femme enceinte et ceux de l’embryon en posant une règle dérogatoire et fondamentale, au « respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie ». La loi Veil était donc, dès l’origine, un texte dérogatoire au droit commun, faisant de l’IVG une exception au principe de respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie.C’est pourquoi vouloir inscrire aujourd’hui dans la Constitution « la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une IVG » peut paraître en contradiction avec la loi Veil. Si le texte proposé est voté, l’IVG sera constitutionnalisée. D’exception, elle deviendra principe. Dès lors, c’est tout un pan du code de la santé publique et du droit médical qu’il nous faudra rebâtir autour de ce principe, quoi qu’en disent les partisans de ce texte afin d’assurer à tout prix cette nouvelle liberté constitutionnelle. Au vu de l’état actuel de notre système de santé, est-ce bien judicieux ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)D’aucuns, pour pallier cet écueil, mettent en avant l’aspect symbolique de la démarche. C’est d’ailleurs pour cette raison qu’une majorité de notre groupe avait voté le texte soumis à notre assemblée en novembre 2022."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349907",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349907"
   ],
   "order": 432,
   "text": "La Constitution étant le texte suprême de notre droit, nous considérons que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle devrait dans tous les cas être soumis à référendum car la Constitution ne devrait pouvoir être modifiée que directement par le peuple souverain. D’autre part, comme Marine Le Pen l’a souligné durant la campagne présidentielle (« Ah ! » sur divers bancs)…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 432,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349907",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "Nce8a26cb64e6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La Constitution étant le texte suprême de notre droit, nous considérons que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle devrait dans tous les cas être soumis à référendum car la Constitution ne devrait pouvoir être modifiée que directement par le peuple souverain. D’autre part, comme [PERSONNE] l’a souligné durant la campagne présidentielle (« Ah ! » sur divers bancs)…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349909",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349909"
   ],
   "order": 434,
   "text": "…– je savais que ça vous plairait –, les sujets de société doivent être tranchés directement par la société.En outre, certains constitutionnalistes estiment qu’il ne serait pas responsable d’inscrire cette liberté dans la Constitution car la norme constitutionnelle doit être un point d’ancrage de notre droit, un élément de stabilité de l’ordre juridique et non l’exutoire des désirs de certains.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 434,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349909",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N383838344283",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…– je savais que ça vous plairait –, les sujets de société doivent être tranchés directement par la société.En outre, certains constitutionnalistes estiment qu’il ne serait pas responsable d’inscrire cette liberté dans la Constitution car la norme constitutionnelle doit être un point d’ancrage de notre droit, un élément de stabilité de l’ordre juridique et non l’exutoire des désirs de certains."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349914",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349914"
   ],
   "order": 439,
   "text": "Cette nouvelle liberté risque par ailleurs – et c’est fondamental – d’entrer en conflit avec d’autres libertés garanties par le bloc de constitutionnalité. Je pense par exemple à la liberté de conscience garantie par l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 439,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349914",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N760b9f6117b3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cette nouvelle liberté risque par ailleurs – et c’est fondamental – d’entrer en conflit avec d’autres libertés garanties par le bloc de constitutionnalité. Je pense par exemple à la liberté de conscience garantie par l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349916",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349916"
   ],
   "order": 441,
   "text": "Enfin, la formulation retenue – « la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une IVG » – pourrait conduire à consacrer un accès sans condition à l’IVG, par exemple bien au-delà de la limite légale en vigueur. C’est le débat que nous avions eu il y a quelques mois.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 441,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349916",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N0280dd8fc09b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin, la formulation retenue – « la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une IVG » – pourrait conduire à consacrer un accès sans condition à l’IVG, par exemple bien au-delà de la limite légale en vigueur. C’est le débat que nous avions eu il y a quelques mois."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349919",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349919"
   ],
   "order": 444,
   "text": "À ce sujet, quelques amendements déposés par certains groupes parlementaires – toujours à la pointe de l’innovation – laissent à penser que d’aucuns ne verraient absolument pas d’inconvénient à ce que des IVG soient pratiquées jusqu’à huit ou neuf mois de grossesse. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 444,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349919",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N9f727a921c80",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À ce sujet, quelques amendements déposés par certains groupes parlementaires – toujours à la pointe de l’innovation – laissent à penser que d’aucuns ne verraient absolument pas d’inconvénient à ce que des IVG soient pratiquées jusqu’à huit ou neuf mois de grossesse. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349921",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349921"
   ],
   "order": 446,
   "text": "Alors pourquoi ce texte ? Tout en reconnaissant que cette liberté n’est nullement menacée dans notre pays, on invoque désormais, comme dans un inventaire à la Prévert : une croisade que notre pays se devrait d’entreprendre partout dans le monde – l’utilisation du terme « croisade » par le rapporteur souligne le caractère très idéologique de ce texte – ,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 446,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349921",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N472336f53692",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Alors pourquoi ce texte ? Tout en reconnaissant que cette liberté n’est nullement menacée dans notre pays, on invoque désormais, comme dans un inventaire à la Prévert : une croisade que notre pays se devrait d’entreprendre partout dans le monde – l’utilisation du terme « croisade » par le rapporteur souligne le caractère très idéologique de ce texte – ,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349923",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349923"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "…le fait que la France serait ainsi l’un des premiers pays au monde et le premier en Europe à reconnaître dans sa Constitution une telle liberté ; enfin – j’ai gardé le meilleur pour la fin – la volonté du chef de l’État d’adresser un message universel de solidarité à toutes les femmes qui voient aujourd’hui cette liberté bafouée.Or la sauvegarde des droits et libertés des femmes ne se réduit pas à un sombre concours pour savoir qui est le premier, ni à une croisade à travers le monde (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN), encore moins à un message universel envoyé à la terre entière, voire à la galaxie, a fortiori lorsque la situation de ces mêmes droits et libertés n’est pas, tant s’en faut, satisfaisante en France.C’en est fini de la défense des droits des femmes : place au message politique, au tract de campagne électorale. Où qu’elles vivent dans le monde, les femmes méritent mieux que cette vulgaire course à la gloriole.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 448,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349923",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 166,
   "annotation_id": "N201e7a2115f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…le fait que la France serait ainsi l’un des premiers pays au monde et le premier en Europe à reconnaître dans sa Constitution une telle liberté ; enfin – j’ai gardé le meilleur pour la fin – la volonté du chef de l’État d’adresser un message universel de solidarité à toutes les femmes qui voient aujourd’hui cette liberté bafouée.Or la sauvegarde des droits et libertés des femmes ne se réduit pas à un sombre concours pour savoir qui est le premier, ni à une croisade à travers le monde (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), encore moins à un message universel envoyé à la terre entière, voire à la galaxie, a fortiori lorsque la situation de ces mêmes droits et libertés n’est pas, tant s’en faut, satisfaisante en France.C’en est fini de la défense des droits des femmes : place au message politique, au tract de campagne électorale. Où qu’elles vivent dans le monde, les femmes méritent mieux que cette vulgaire course à la gloriole."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349927",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349927"
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   "order": 452,
   "text": "Pour conclure, ce texte inapproprié, inutile et contraire à l’équilibre de la loi Veil ne permettra par ailleurs, en aucune façon, de résoudre la question majeure de l’effectivité de l’accès à l’IVG sur tout le territoire français où, près de cinquante ans après la loi Veil, nombre de femmes, essentiellement dans les zones rurales, ne parviennent pas à avoir recours à une IVG dans les délais légaux, repoussés récemment jusqu’à quatorze semaines pour pallier les carences abyssales de notre système de santé.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 452,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349927",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Ndb3d2b2ef3e8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Pour conclure, ce texte inapproprié, inutile et contraire à l’équilibre de la loi Veil ne permettra par ailleurs, en aucune façon, de résoudre la question majeure de l’effectivité de l’accès à l’IVG sur tout le territoire français où, près de cinquante ans après la loi Veil, nombre de femmes, essentiellement dans les zones rurales, ne parviennent pas à avoir recours à une IVG dans les délais légaux, repoussés récemment jusqu’à quatorze semaines pour pallier les carences abyssales de notre système de santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349930",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349930"
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   "order": 456,
   "text": "Dès lors, ce texte ne réglera pas le problème de toutes ces femmes au quotidien car il ne s’agit là que d’une opération de communication destinée à flatter l’ego de certains, tout en masquant la réalité de l’insondable état de notre système de santé.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 456,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349930",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "Nb72bce9980d9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dès lors, ce texte ne réglera pas le problème de toutes ces femmes au quotidien car il ne s’agit là que d’une opération de communication destinée à flatter l’ego de certains, tout en masquant la réalité de l’insondable état de notre système de santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349936",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349936"
   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "…le groupe Rassemblement national laissera chacun voter en conscience.Ce sujet est beaucoup trop grave pour être instrumentalisé à des fins politiciennes. Ne nous trompons pas de débat : ne pas voter ce texte n’est pas remettre en cause l’accès à l’avortement (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN),…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 462,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349936",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N0db156c04b7e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…le groupe [GROUPE] laissera chacun voter en conscience.Ce sujet est beaucoup trop grave pour être instrumentalisé à des fins politiciennes. Ne nous trompons pas de débat : ne pas voter ce texte n’est pas remettre en cause l’accès à l’avortement (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349939",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349939"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "…lequel, je le répète, fait aujourd’hui partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique. Quel que soit notre vote, nous sommes tous, je le crois, sur ces bancs, attachés à faire de la défense des femmes une priorité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 465,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349939",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N8d218811f123",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…lequel, je le répète, fait aujourd’hui partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique. Quel que soit notre vote, nous sommes tous, je le crois, sur ces bancs, attachés à faire de la défense des femmes une priorité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349945",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349945"
   ],
   "order": 471,
   "text": "…collègues, aujourd’hui, la France parle au monde. Aujourd’hui, l’histoire longue vient à notre rencontre et nous appelle à prendre une décision à la hauteur de ce que nous sommes collectivement. Collègues, c’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)D’aucuns nous disent pourtant que nous serions réunis dans un but nul et non avenu, et que constitutionnaliser l’avortement ne serait ni urgent, ni majeur, ni vital.C’est nier qu’en 2024, en France, quarante-neuf ans après la loi Veil, le droit à l’IVG n’est toujours pas pleinement effectif. C’est nier qu’en 2024, en France, il est toujours difficile pour des femmes d’accéder à un avortement dans des délais convenables,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 471,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349945",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "N8736693ee432",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…collègues, aujourd’hui, la France parle au monde. Aujourd’hui, l’histoire longue vient à notre rencontre et nous appelle à prendre une décision à la hauteur de ce que nous sommes collectivement. Collègues, c’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)D’aucuns nous disent pourtant que nous serions réunis dans un but nul et non avenu, et que constitutionnaliser l’avortement ne serait ni urgent, ni majeur, ni vital.C’est nier qu’en 2024, en France, quarante-neuf ans après la loi Veil, le droit à l’IVG n’est toujours pas pleinement effectif. C’est nier qu’en 2024, en France, il est toujours difficile pour des femmes d’accéder à un avortement dans des délais convenables,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349949",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349949"
   ],
   "order": 475,
   "text": "…sans faire des centaines de kilomètres et avec la méthode de son choix. C’est nier qu’en 2024, en France, 130 centres IVG ont fermé en quinze ans (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES) et que l’accès à l’avortement est toujours conditionné à une double clause de conscience des médecins.Pourquoi en est-il ainsi ? Parce que, quarante-neuf ans après la loi Veil, le combat des femmes pour le droit à disposer de leur corps est plus que jamais d’actualité.C’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution parce que, quarante-neuf ans après la loi Veil, nous restons dans un « en même temps » insupportable de la part de ce gouvernement,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 475,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349949",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "N327cb2fafa20",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…sans faire des centaines de kilomètres et avec la méthode de son choix. C’est nier qu’en 2024, en France, 130 centres IVG ont fermé en quinze ans (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]) et que l’accès à l’avortement est toujours conditionné à une double clause de conscience des médecins.Pourquoi en est-il ainsi ? Parce que, quarante-neuf ans après la loi Veil, le combat des femmes pour le droit à disposer de leur corps est plus que jamais d’actualité.C’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution parce que, quarante-neuf ans après la loi Veil, nous restons dans un « en même temps » insupportable de la part de ce gouvernement,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349953",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349953"
   ],
   "order": 479,
   "text": "…et, d’abord, de la part d’Emmanuel Macron lui-même, lui qui, il y a une semaine, n’a pas eu un mot, en deux heures vingt de conférence de presse, pour évoquer la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’’avortement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 479,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349953",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N87b7e30d35e7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et, d’abord, de la part d’[PERSONNE] lui-même, lui qui, il y a une semaine, n’a pas eu un mot, en deux heures vingt de conférence de presse, pour évoquer la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’’avortement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349956",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349956"
   ],
   "order": 482,
   "text": "À l’inverse, il aura préféré, reprenant les mots de Viktor Orbán, Premier ministre hongrois d’extrême droite, se faire le chantre du « réarmement démographique ». Je rappelle que M. Orbán impose aux femmes hongroises d’écouter le cœur du fœtus lorsqu’elles souhaitent mettre fin à une grossesse. Modèle de Jordan Bardella et plus largement du Rassemblement national (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES), il s’est saisi, à l’image de tous les réactionnaires et fascistes à travers l’histoire, de la question de la démographie pour instrumentaliser le corps des femmes.Collègues, nos ovaires ne sont pas des armes de guerre. (Mêmes mouvements.) Monsieur le ministre et madame la ministre, le corps des femmes appartient non à l’État, à la famille, aux juges mais aux femmes et à elles seules. (Mêmes mouvements.)L’obsession nataliste est liée depuis le début à la criminalisation de l’avortement. Le régime de Vichy en avait fait un crime contre la sûreté de l’État, passible de peine capitale – un corollaire de sa politique nataliste. Dans tous les régimes fascistes du siècle passé, le contrôle de la reproduction et la domination du corps des femmes sont les premiers leviers vers un État totalitaire. Aujourd’hui, partout dans le monde, les groupes rétrogrades redoublent encore de stratégies pour restreindre et bafouer les droits sexuels et reproductifs.C’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution. Car les mouvements antichoix sont toujours une menace féroce et organisée. En la matière, il n’y a pas d’exception française. Ils manifestent et désinforment massivement sur les réseaux sociaux ; leurs militants attaquent de plus en plus régulièrement les permanences du Planning familial ; ils font campagne pour le déremboursement de l’avortement ; ils combattent également l’éducation à la vie affective et sexuelle à l’école (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.),…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 482,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349956",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 307,
   "annotation_id": "Nace12b7d6000",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À l’inverse, il aura préféré, reprenant les mots de Viktor Orbán, Premier ministre hongrois d’extrême droite, se faire le chantre du « réarmement démographique ». Je rappelle que M. Orbán impose aux femmes hongroises d’écouter le cœur du fœtus lorsqu’elles souhaitent mettre fin à une grossesse. Modèle de Jordan Bardella et plus largement du [GROUPE] (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]), il s’est saisi, à l’image de tous les réactionnaires et fascistes à travers l’histoire, de la question de la démographie pour instrumentaliser le corps des femmes.Collègues, nos ovaires ne sont pas des armes de guerre. (Mêmes mouvements.) Monsieur le ministre et madame la ministre, le corps des femmes appartient non à l’État, à la famille, aux juges mais aux femmes et à elles seules. (Mêmes mouvements.)L’obsession nataliste est liée depuis le début à la criminalisation de l’avortement. Le régime de Vichy en avait fait un crime contre la sûreté de l’État, passible de peine capitale – un corollaire de sa politique nataliste. Dans tous les régimes fascistes du siècle passé, le contrôle de la reproduction et la domination du corps des femmes sont les premiers leviers vers un État totalitaire. Aujourd’hui, partout dans le monde, les groupes rétrogrades redoublent encore de stratégies pour restreindre et bafouer les droits sexuels et reproductifs.C’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution. Car les mouvements antichoix sont toujours une menace féroce et organisée. En la matière, il n’y a pas d’exception française. Ils manifestent et désinforment massivement sur les réseaux sociaux ; leurs militants attaquent de plus en plus régulièrement les permanences du Planning familial ; ils font campagne pour le déremboursement de l’avortement ; ils combattent également l’éducation à la vie affective et sexuelle à l’école (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349961",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349961"
   ],
   "order": 487,
   "text": "…s’attaquant, par là, à la bonne information sur la contraception, à l’éducation au consentement ou encore à la lutte contre les inégalités.Ces antidroits siègent aussi à l’extrême droite de cet hémicycle, au Rassemblement national, dont le fondateur Jean-Marie Le Pen déclarait en 1996 : « L ’affirmation que votre corps vous appartient est tout à fait dérisoire. Il appartient à la vie et aussi, en partie, à la nation. »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 487,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349961",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N954a724a7e47",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…s’attaquant, par là, à la bonne information sur la contraception, à l’éducation au consentement ou encore à la lutte contre les inégalités.Ces antidroits siègent aussi à l’extrême droite de cet hémicycle, au [GROUPE], dont le fondateur Jean-Marie Le Pen déclarait en 1996 : « L ’affirmation que votre corps vous appartient est tout à fait dérisoire. Il appartient à la vie et aussi, en partie, à la nation. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349964",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349964"
   ],
   "order": 490,
   "text": "Je rappelle qu’en 2012, le Rassemblement national, par la voix de Marine Le Pen, souhaitait dérembourser les avortements dits de confort et qu’en 2022, Marine Le Pen – toujours elle – s’opposait à l’allongement du délai légal pour avorter.Sur les bancs d’extrême droite, on retrouve, pêle-mêle, Laure Lavalette qui écrit qu’elle veut « abroger, à terme, le droit à l’avortement », Hervé de Lépinau qui compare l’avortement aux génocides arménien et rwandais, à la Shoah et aux crimes de Daech (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe RN), Caroline Parmentier qui regrette qu’après « avoir génocidé les enfants français à raison de 200 000 par an », soit le nombre d’avortements en France, on doive « maintenant les remplacer à tour de bras par des migrants ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 490,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349964",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "Na09493193a80",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle qu’en 2012, le [GROUPE], par la voix de [PERSONNE], souhaitait dérembourser les avortements dits de confort et qu’en 2022, [PERSONNE] – toujours elle – s’opposait à l’allongement du délai légal pour avorter.Sur les bancs d’extrême droite, on retrouve, pêle-mêle, [PERSONNE] qui écrit qu’elle veut « abroger, à terme, le droit à l’avortement », [PERSONNE] qui compare l’avortement aux génocides arménien et rwandais, à la Shoah et aux crimes de Daech (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), [PERSONNE] qui regrette qu’après « avoir génocidé les enfants français à raison de 200 000 par an », soit le nombre d’avortements en France, on doive « maintenant les remplacer à tour de bras par des migrants »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349967",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349967"
   ],
   "order": 493,
   "text": "Oui, le pire danger pour les droits des femmes, c’est vous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES, dont de nombreux députés se lèvent pour applaudir, ainsi que sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)Voilà pourquoi, aujourd’hui, nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement. Notre responsabilité est immense. L’avortement n’est peut-être pas en danger imminent. Peut-être. Inscrivons-le dans la Constitution et il ne le sera jamais à l’avenir. Car c’est justement quand il n’est pas encore en danger imminent qu’il faut le protéger. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Erwan Balanant applaudit également.)Introduire le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution sécurise la portée, aujourd’hui incertaine, de ce droit humain fondamental.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 493,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349967",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 120,
   "annotation_id": "N74bd7f361cde",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, le pire danger pour les droits des femmes, c’est vous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont de nombreux députés se lèvent pour applaudir, ainsi que sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)Voilà pourquoi, aujourd’hui, nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement. Notre responsabilité est immense. L’avortement n’est peut-être pas en danger imminent. Peut-être. Inscrivons-le dans la Constitution et il ne le sera jamais à l’avenir. Car c’est justement quand il n’est pas encore en danger imminent qu’il faut le protéger. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Introduire le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution sécurise la portée, aujourd’hui incertaine, de ce droit humain fondamental."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349971",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349971"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "C’est affirmer ici à nos filles, petites-filles et arrière-petites-filles qu’elles n’auront pas moins de droits que nous. C’est conjurer l’idée que les générations futures devraient un jour ingurgiter de l’eau oxygénée, du détergent ou s’introduire dans l’utérus une aiguille à tricoter, une brosse à dents, de l’eau savonneuse ou un épi de blé. C’est parer la réalité des sévices que des femmes pouvaient s’infliger avant 1975, entraînant parfois leur mort. Car oui : la seule conséquence de la privation des femmes du droit à avorter, c’est l’avortement clandestin et, bien souvent, la mort. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)Collègues, voilà pourquoi c’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement. Être le premier pays au monde à graver dans sa Constitution le droit à l’avortement honorera la France en tant que nation pionnière des droits des femmes ! Cette consécration que nous appelons de nos vœux aujourd’hui représente pour nous un encouragement à la lutte et un hommage aux femmes états-uniennes traquées jusque dans leurs conversations Facebook et condamnées pour l’usage de pilules abortives, un hommage aux femmes argentines en grève générale aujourd’hui, notamment pour le droit à l’avortement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Erwan Balanant applaudit également.) Cette consécration que nous appelons de nos vœux aujourd’hui, nous la voulons en hommage à Vanessa Mendoza Cortés, traînée en justice pour avoir dénoncé devant l’ONU la quasi-interdiction de l’avortement en Andorre, à Justyna Wydrzyñska, militante polonaise condamnée pour avoir aidé une femme à avorter ou encore à Izabela, à qui on a refusé l’avortement et qui déclarait dans son dernier SMS avant son décès : « C’est la loi, le supplice de l’être humain. Les femmes sont devenues des couveuses. »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 497,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349971",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 290,
   "annotation_id": "Nf1b29e83ad4d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est affirmer ici à nos filles, petites-filles et arrière-petites-filles qu’elles n’auront pas moins de droits que nous. C’est conjurer l’idée que les générations futures devraient un jour ingurgiter de l’eau oxygénée, du détergent ou s’introduire dans l’utérus une aiguille à tricoter, une brosse à dents, de l’eau savonneuse ou un épi de blé. C’est parer la réalité des sévices que des femmes pouvaient s’infliger avant 1975, entraînant parfois leur mort. Car oui : la seule conséquence de la privation des femmes du droit à avorter, c’est l’avortement clandestin et, bien souvent, la mort. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Collègues, voilà pourquoi c’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement. Être le premier pays au monde à graver dans sa Constitution le droit à l’avortement honorera la France en tant que nation pionnière des droits des femmes ! Cette consécration que nous appelons de nos vœux aujourd’hui représente pour nous un encouragement à la lutte et un hommage aux femmes états-uniennes traquées jusque dans leurs conversations Facebook et condamnées pour l’usage de pilules abortives, un hommage aux femmes argentines en grève générale aujourd’hui, notamment pour le droit à l’avortement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Cette consécration que nous appelons de nos vœux aujourd’hui, nous la voulons en hommage à Vanessa Mendoza Cortés, traînée en justice pour avoir dénoncé devant l’ONU la quasi-interdiction de l’avortement en Andorre, à Justyna Wydrzyñska, militante polonaise condamnée pour avoir aidé une femme à avorter ou encore à Izabela, à qui on a refusé l’avortement et qui déclarait dans son dernier SMS avant son décès : « C’est la loi, le supplice de l’être humain. Les femmes sont devenues des couveuses. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350353",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350353"
   ],
   "order": 500,
   "text": "Cette consécration que nous appelons de nos vœux aujourd’hui, nous la voulons en hommage aux personnes qui meurent toutes les neuf minutes dans le monde du fait d’un avortement non sécurisé.Collègues, voilà pourquoi c’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) Insoumises, nous nous réclamons héritières d’un humanisme dont le principe directeur est l’autonomie car c’est l’autonomie individuelle, consacrée par les droits humains, qui est à la base des libertés de conscience, d’expression et de mouvements. Il s’agit de se commander soi-même, d’être maître de soi, d’être libre de choisir ; il n’y a pas d’aspiration plus haute pour tout être humain ! C’est pourquoi le droit à l’avortement est le préalable à tout féminisme.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 500,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350353",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "N8bb2caabd72b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette consécration que nous appelons de nos vœux aujourd’hui, nous la voulons en hommage aux personnes qui meurent toutes les neuf minutes dans le monde du fait d’un avortement non sécurisé.Collègues, voilà pourquoi c’est aujourd’hui que nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) Insoumises, nous nous réclamons héritières d’un humanisme dont le principe directeur est l’autonomie car c’est l’autonomie individuelle, consacrée par les droits humains, qui est à la base des libertés de conscience, d’expression et de mouvements. Il s’agit de se commander soi-même, d’être maître de soi, d’être libre de choisir ; il n’y a pas d’aspiration plus haute pour tout être humain ! C’est pourquoi le droit à l’avortement est le préalable à tout féminisme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 503,
   "text": "Constitutionnaliser ce droit aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas seulement défendre la justice reproductive dans le monde mais aussi la démocratie qui permet d’être sujet de sa vie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.) Car le féminisme ne concerne pas exclusivement les femmes : c’est l’histoire multimillénaire d’une émancipation. Voilà pourquoi aujourd’hui, je le répète, nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement.La constitutionnalisation de l’IVG s’inscrit dans une longue histoire de privation des femmes à disposer de leur corps, dans la continuité de toutes les mobilisations féministes. Cette victoire est d’abord celle de tous les militants des associations et des collectifs : je veux saluer leur présence dans les tribunes et leur exprimer notre reconnaissance pour leur engagement à faire vivre les droits des femmes au quotidien. (Mmes et MM. les députés des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que M. Erwan Balanant, M. Frédéric Zgainski et Mme Ingrid Dordain, se lèvent et applaudissent longuement. – M. le rapporteur et M. le président de la commission applaudissent également.) Militantes féministes de tout temps, si ce débat existe et si cette victoire est proche, c’est d’abord grâce à vos combats ! Car derrière la loi, il y a toujours une foule. Et c’est une longue foule de militantes qui a arraché le droit à l’IVG en 1975, leur combat qui a permis le remboursement de l’IVG par la sécurité sociale en 1981, porté à 100 % depuis 2013, et qui a imposé l’allongement des délais de dix à douze semaines en 2001, puis de douze à quatorze semaines en 2022. C’est toujours cette foule qui a arraché, victoire après victoire, le droit des mineurs à avorter sans accord parental, la suppression du délai de réflexion, la création d’un délit d’entrave et l’autorisation des sages-femmes à pratiquer des IVG. Et cette prochaine victoire est aussi une victoire insoumise et parlementaire puisque la proposition de loi que j’avais eu l’honneur de présenter au nom de mon groupe, adoptée le 24 novembre 2022 à l’Assemblée nationale (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES. – Mme Elsa Faucilllon applaudit également), puis le 1er février 2023 au Sénat, a forcé le Gouvernement à inscrire ce projet de loi constitutionnelle à l’ordre du jour.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 503,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350356",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 379,
   "annotation_id": "N3e5eaa718f8e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Constitutionnaliser ce droit aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas seulement défendre la justice reproductive dans le monde mais aussi la démocratie qui permet d’être sujet de sa vie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Car le féminisme ne concerne pas exclusivement les femmes : c’est l’histoire multimillénaire d’une émancipation. Voilà pourquoi aujourd’hui, je le répète, nous devons consacrer le droit à l’avortement.La constitutionnalisation de l’IVG s’inscrit dans une longue histoire de privation des femmes à disposer de leur corps, dans la continuité de toutes les mobilisations féministes. Cette victoire est d’abord celle de tous les militants des associations et des collectifs : je veux saluer leur présence dans les tribunes et leur exprimer notre reconnaissance pour leur engagement à faire vivre les droits des femmes au quotidien. (Mmes et MM. les députés des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE], se lèvent et applaudissent longuement. – M. le rapporteur et M. le président de la commission applaudissent également.) Militantes féministes de tout temps, si ce débat existe et si cette victoire est proche, c’est d’abord grâce à vos combats ! Car derrière la loi, il y a toujours une foule. Et c’est une longue foule de militantes qui a arraché le droit à l’IVG en 1975, leur combat qui a permis le remboursement de l’IVG par la sécurité sociale en 1981, porté à 100 % depuis 2013, et qui a imposé l’allongement des délais de dix à douze semaines en 2001, puis de douze à quatorze semaines en 2022. C’est toujours cette foule qui a arraché, victoire après victoire, le droit des mineurs à avorter sans accord parental, la suppression du délai de réflexion, la création d’un délit d’entrave et l’autorisation des sages-femmes à pratiquer des IVG. Et cette prochaine victoire est aussi une victoire insoumise et parlementaire puisque la proposition de loi que j’avais eu l’honneur de présenter au nom de mon groupe, adoptée le 24 novembre 2022 à l’Assemblée nationale (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – Mme Elsa Faucilllon applaudit également), puis le 1er février 2023 au Sénat, a forcé le Gouvernement à inscrire ce projet de loi constitutionnelle à l’ordre du jour."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350359",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 506,
   "text": "Depuis les années soixante et jusqu’au troisième millénaire, le droit à l’IVG aura été un champ de bataille permanent. Nous sommes conscientes qu’il n’y aura jamais de marbre assez puissant pour graver définitivement ce droit, conscientes que la formulation retenue n’est pas celle que nous aurions souhaitée, mais le temps venu, le peuple l’améliorera dans le cadre de la Constituante en y ajoutant le droit à la contraception, corollaire du droit à l’avortement. Mais l’inscription dans la Constitution de « la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse » marque une victoire historique. Cette victoire est la vôtre, la nôtre, et c’est la défaite des antichoix ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)Aujourd’hui, la France parle au monde !Pour terminer, je souhaite vous livrer les mots de Gisèle Halimi lors de sa plaidoirie au procès de Bobigny en 1972 : « Personne, comprenez-moi, messieurs, personne n’a jamais pu obliger une femme à donner la vie quand elle a décidé de ne pas le faire. » Et comme un symbole magnifique au moment où nous débattons de ce texte, nous apprenons que les militantes polonaises vont permettre aux femmes de reconquérir l’accès libre à la pilule du lendemain. Leur combat est le nôtre ; notre victoire est la leur ! (Les députés du groupe LFI-NUPES ainsi que plusieurs députés des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES se lèvent et applaudissent longuement. – Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 506,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350359",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 264,
   "annotation_id": "N3b7485f4b2bc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis les années soixante et jusqu’au troisième millénaire, le droit à l’IVG aura été un champ de bataille permanent. Nous sommes conscientes qu’il n’y aura jamais de marbre assez puissant pour graver définitivement ce droit, conscientes que la formulation retenue n’est pas celle que nous aurions souhaitée, mais le temps venu, le peuple l’améliorera dans le cadre de la Constituante en y ajoutant le droit à la contraception, corollaire du droit à l’avortement. Mais l’inscription dans la Constitution de « la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse » marque une victoire historique. Cette victoire est la vôtre, la nôtre, et c’est la défaite des antichoix ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)Aujourd’hui, la France parle au monde !Pour terminer, je souhaite vous livrer les mots de Gisèle Halimi lors de sa plaidoirie au procès de Bobigny en 1972 : « Personne, comprenez-moi, messieurs, personne n’a jamais pu obliger une femme à donner la vie quand elle a décidé de ne pas le faire. » Et comme un symbole magnifique au moment où nous débattons de ce texte, nous apprenons que les militantes polonaises vont permettre aux femmes de reconquérir l’accès libre à la pilule du lendemain. Leur combat est le nôtre ; notre victoire est la leur ! (Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que plusieurs députés des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent longuement. – Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350363",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 510,
   "text": "« Les représentants du peuple français […] ont résolu d’exposer, dans une déclaration solennelle, les droits naturels, inaliénables et sacrés de l’homme, afin que cette déclaration, constamment présente à tous les membres du corps social, leur rappelle sans cesse leurs droits et leurs devoirs […] » Ces mots sont ceux du préambule de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789. Nous, constituants, avons un devoir fondamental : celui de veiller au respect de l’esprit et de la lettre de cette déclaration quand nous nous apprêtons à modifier notre Constitution. Parmi les droits que la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen qualifie de « naturels et imprescriptibles » figure notamment, en son article 2, la liberté. C’est en s’appuyant sur cet article que le Conseil constitutionnel a jugé l’interruption volontaire de grossesse comme principe à valeur constitutionnelle, la liberté pour la femme de mettre fin à sa grossesse étant déduit du droit fondamental à la liberté.Mais dans leur immense sagesse, nos illustres prédécesseurs ont défini à l’article 4 de cette même déclaration ce qu’est la liberté en tant que droit naturel et imprescriptible : « La liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui […]. » La liberté ici mentionnée n’est donc pas absolue, elle ne revient pas à permettre de faire absolument tout ce que l’on veut ; elle est limitée par le fait de ne pas nuire à autrui et donc par un autre droit fondamental : celui du droit de toute personne à la vie, déduit de cette même déclaration et mentionné à l’article 2 de la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales.C’est précisément cet équilibre fragile entre ces deux libertés, entre ces deux droits fondamentaux, que la loi Veil du 17 janvier 1975 a réussi à protéger en consacrant à la fois le respect de la liberté de la femme de mettre un terme à sa grossesse et la protection du droit de l’enfant à naître. Je souhaite rappeler ici que dans son article 1er, elle consacre le principe du « respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de sa vie », tout en permettant à la femme de mettre un terme à sa grossesse – à l’époque jusqu’à la dixième semaine et dans des conditions spécifiques, telle une situation de détresse. La loi Veil, c’est aussi cela. Elle prévoit qu’au cours des premières semaines de la grossesse, dont le nombre est déterminé par la loi, c’est la liberté de la femme qui prévaut, mais qu’après la fin du délai légalement prévu, c’est la protection de l’enfant à naître qui prévaut. C’est donc cet équilibre délicat qui permet la conciliation de ces deux principes fondamentaux que nous devons préserver quand nous débattons de l’inscription de l’IVG dans notre Constitution.À la lecture du discours tenu par Simone Veil à cette tribune, il y a quarante-neuf ans, je suis convaincue que son intention ne relevait pas du militantisme. Je crois qu’elle visait comme législatrice, de manière pragmatique, responsable et humaine, à mettre fin à des situations de détresse inacceptables pour les femmes, alors que les pratiques illégales d’IVG étaient courantes et notoirement risquées pour la vie et la fertilité à venir des femmes. Elle cherchait à accorder le droit de l’époque à une réalité sociale incontestable. Elle visait aussi à mettre fin à la peur et à la culpabilité des femmes d’être hors la loi. Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, alors président de la République, disait au sujet de ce texte qu’il s’agissait de mettre fin à une situation de désordre et d’injustice, et d’apporter une solution mesurée et humaine à l’un des problèmes les plus difficiles de notre temps. Sans la volonté de Valéry Giscard d’Estaing et de Jacques Chirac, alors Premier ministre, sans l’humilité de Simone Veil et sans la mobilisation de députés sur tous les bancs, l’IVG n’aurait pas été inscrite à l’ordre du jour de notre assemblée et n’aurait donc pas été votée. Je ne laisserai donc personne, durant ces débats, tenir des propos réducteurs à l’égard de la droite républicaine, en l’occurrence des Républicains que j’ai l’honneur de représenter à cette tribune. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 510,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 701,
   "annotation_id": "Na8ba7c7f9e7a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "« Les représentants du peuple français […] ont résolu d’exposer, dans une déclaration solennelle, les droits naturels, inaliénables et sacrés de l’homme, afin que cette déclaration, constamment présente à tous les membres du corps social, leur rappelle sans cesse leurs droits et leurs devoirs […] » Ces mots sont ceux du préambule de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789. Nous, constituants, avons un devoir fondamental : celui de veiller au respect de l’esprit et de la lettre de cette déclaration quand nous nous apprêtons à modifier notre Constitution. Parmi les droits que la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen qualifie de « naturels et imprescriptibles » figure notamment, en son article 2, la liberté. C’est en s’appuyant sur cet article que le Conseil constitutionnel a jugé l’interruption volontaire de grossesse comme principe à valeur constitutionnelle, la liberté pour la femme de mettre fin à sa grossesse étant déduit du droit fondamental à la liberté.Mais dans leur immense sagesse, nos illustres prédécesseurs ont défini à l’article 4 de cette même déclaration ce qu’est la liberté en tant que droit naturel et imprescriptible : « La liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui […]. » La liberté ici mentionnée n’est donc pas absolue, elle ne revient pas à permettre de faire absolument tout ce que l’on veut ; elle est limitée par le fait de ne pas nuire à autrui et donc par un autre droit fondamental : celui du droit de toute personne à la vie, déduit de cette même déclaration et mentionné à l’article 2 de la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales.C’est précisément cet équilibre fragile entre ces deux libertés, entre ces deux droits fondamentaux, que la loi Veil du 17 janvier 1975 a réussi à protéger en consacrant à la fois le respect de la liberté de la femme de mettre un terme à sa grossesse et la protection du droit de l’enfant à naître. Je souhaite rappeler ici que dans son article 1er, elle consacre le principe du « respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de sa vie », tout en permettant à la femme de mettre un terme à sa grossesse – à l’époque jusqu’à la dixième semaine et dans des conditions spécifiques, telle une situation de détresse. La loi Veil, c’est aussi cela. Elle prévoit qu’au cours des premières semaines de la grossesse, dont le nombre est déterminé par la loi, c’est la liberté de la femme qui prévaut, mais qu’après la fin du délai légalement prévu, c’est la protection de l’enfant à naître qui prévaut. C’est donc cet équilibre délicat qui permet la conciliation de ces deux principes fondamentaux que nous devons préserver quand nous débattons de l’inscription de l’IVG dans notre Constitution.À la lecture du discours tenu par Simone Veil à cette tribune, il y a quarante-neuf ans, je suis convaincue que son intention ne relevait pas du militantisme. Je crois qu’elle visait comme législatrice, de manière pragmatique, responsable et humaine, à mettre fin à des situations de détresse inacceptables pour les femmes, alors que les pratiques illégales d’IVG étaient courantes et notoirement risquées pour la vie et la fertilité à venir des femmes. Elle cherchait à accorder le droit de l’époque à une réalité sociale incontestable. Elle visait aussi à mettre fin à la peur et à la culpabilité des femmes d’être hors la loi. Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, alors président de la République, disait au sujet de ce texte qu’il s’agissait de mettre fin à une situation de désordre et d’injustice, et d’apporter une solution mesurée et humaine à l’un des problèmes les plus difficiles de notre temps. Sans la volonté de Valéry Giscard d’Estaing et de Jacques Chirac, alors Premier ministre, sans l’humilité de Simone Veil et sans la mobilisation de députés sur tous les bancs, l’IVG n’aurait pas été inscrite à l’ordre du jour de notre assemblée et n’aurait donc pas été votée. Je ne laisserai donc personne, durant ces débats, tenir des propos réducteurs à l’égard de la [GROUPE], en l’occurrence des Républicains que j’ai l’honneur de représenter à cette tribune. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   ],
   "order": 515,
   "text": "La loi Veil de 1975 ainsi que de très nombreuses autres dispositions relatives aux droits des femmes ont été présentées et soutenues par des gouvernements de droite.Chez les Républicains, nous revendiquons une exigence forte : celle de nous assurer que l’équilibre de la loi Veil soit toujours maintenu et la liberté de conscience de chacun respectée. Si à titre personnel, en tant que femme, je suis favorable à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, j’ai en tant que législateur constituant, un devoir fondamental prioritaire qui l’emporte sur mon avis personnel et sur ma condition genrée : celui de m’assurer que cette inscription de l’IVG – à laquelle, je le répète, je suis favorable – n’aboutisse pas d’une manière ou d’une autre à la réduction, au grignotage, voire à la négation de l’autre droit fondamental qu’est le respect de la vie humaine. Car ces droits n’ont pas à être hiérarchisés. Humainement, je ne pourrais l’accepter. Et je ne me réduis pas à mes ovaires, y compris au sens de la Constitution.Or à ce stade de l’examen du projet de loi, un certain nombre de doutes subsistent, monsieur le garde des sceaux, notamment en raison de la modification par le Gouvernement de la rédaction du texte de notre collègue Philippe Bas, président LR de la commission des lois du Sénat. Il avait su pourtant trouver une rédaction de compromis, votée notamment par la gauche sénatoriale. Si nous débattions aujourd’hui du texte du Sénat, il s’en serait probablement suivi un vote conforme ici même, puis un vote sans difficulté au Congrès.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 515,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350365",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 258,
   "annotation_id": "N3b3c4376912b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La loi Veil de 1975 ainsi que de très nombreuses autres dispositions relatives aux droits des femmes ont été présentées et soutenues par des gouvernements de droite.Chez [GROUPE], nous revendiquons une exigence forte : celle de nous assurer que l’équilibre de la loi Veil soit toujours maintenu et la liberté de conscience de chacun respectée. Si à titre personnel, en tant que femme, je suis favorable à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, j’ai en tant que législateur constituant, un devoir fondamental prioritaire qui l’emporte sur mon avis personnel et sur ma condition genrée : celui de m’assurer que cette inscription de l’IVG – à laquelle, je le répète, je suis favorable – n’aboutisse pas d’une manière ou d’une autre à la réduction, au grignotage, voire à la négation de l’autre droit fondamental qu’est le respect de la vie humaine. Car ces droits n’ont pas à être hiérarchisés. Humainement, je ne pourrais l’accepter. Et je ne me réduis pas à mes ovaires, y compris au sens de la Constitution.Or à ce stade de l’examen du projet de loi, un certain nombre de doutes subsistent, monsieur le garde des sceaux, notamment en raison de la modification par le Gouvernement de la rédaction du texte de notre collègue [PERSONNE], président [GROUPE] de la commission des lois du Sénat. Il avait su pourtant trouver une rédaction de compromis, votée notamment par la gauche sénatoriale. Si nous débattions aujourd’hui du texte du Sénat, il s’en serait probablement suivi un vote conforme ici même, puis un vote sans difficulté au Congrès."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350369",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350369"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "Mais le Gouvernement a tenu à ajouter dans son texte que la liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG lui est garantie. Aussi ouvre-t-il un questionnement sur le caractère opposable de cette liberté,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 519,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350369",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N90f4aa00c1df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mais le Gouvernement a tenu à ajouter dans son texte que la liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG lui est garantie. Aussi ouvre-t-il un questionnement sur le caractère opposable de cette liberté,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350371",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350371"
   ],
   "order": 521,
   "text": "…laquelle pourrait dans les faits et sur le fond compromettre un autre principe fondamental qui est celui du respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous avez rassurés dans vos propos liminaires mais nous aurons encore besoin de l’être. Vous aviez dit en commission que nous n’avions pas à nous inquiéter et que l’avis du Conseil d’État devait d’autant plus nous tranquilliser.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 521,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350371",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N8fc39a855ff9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "A",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…laquelle pourrait dans les faits et sur le fond compromettre un autre principe fondamental qui est celui du respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous avez rassurés dans vos propos liminaires mais nous aurons encore besoin de l’être. Vous aviez dit en commission que nous n’avions pas à nous inquiéter et que l’avis du Conseil d’État devait d’autant plus nous tranquilliser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350373",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350373"
   ],
   "order": 523,
   "text": "Il n’en reste pas moins que c’est nous qui faisons la loi et, en l’espèce, qui modifions la Constitution. Aussi, j’aurai besoin que vous expliquiez comment pourra statuer le Conseil constitutionnel face au cas suivant : une femme ayant découvert sa grossesse tardivement, à la douzième semaine par exemple, et vivant éloignée d’un centre hospitalier ou n’ayant pas pu consulter un médecin ou une sage-femme dans les temps – on sait que cela arrive, malheureusement –, estime que sa liberté d’avoir recours à une IVG, pourtant garantie par la Constitution, n’a pas été effective et demande à pouvoir y recourir hors délai. Que décidera le juge constitutionnel ? Comment statuera-t-il ? Nous avons besoin de connaître votre réponse.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 523,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350373",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "N8da4ddccccae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’en reste pas moins que c’est nous qui faisons la loi et, en l’espèce, qui modifions la Constitution. Aussi, j’aurai besoin que vous expliquiez comment pourra statuer le Conseil constitutionnel face au cas suivant : une femme ayant découvert sa grossesse tardivement, à la douzième semaine par exemple, et vivant éloignée d’un centre hospitalier ou n’ayant pas pu consulter un médecin ou une sage-femme dans les temps – on sait que cela arrive, malheureusement –, estime que sa liberté d’avoir recours à une IVG, pourtant garantie par la Constitution, n’a pas été effective et demande à pouvoir y recourir hors délai. Que décidera le juge constitutionnel ? Comment statuera-t-il ? Nous avons besoin de connaître votre réponse."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350375",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350375"
   ],
   "order": 525,
   "text": "Autre doute : aujourd’hui, la liberté de la femme à avoir recours à l’IVG est déjà un principe à valeur constitutionnelle, comme le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie, et ces deux principes ont donc la même valeur au regard de notre Constitution ; or demain, ce texte va y inscrire en toutes lettres l’IVG – je répète que j’y suis favorable –, mais pas le droit de l’enfant à naître. Que dira le juge constitutionnel le jour où il aura à interpréter l’intention du constituant, y compris au regard de ce que celui-ci aura décidé de ne pas faire ? Pourquoi ne pas avoir prévu d’inscrire non seulement la liberté pour la femme de recourir à l’IVG, mais aussi le droit de l’enfant à naître dans la Constitution ?C’est en raison de ces doutes que nous avons toujours besoin d’être rassurés. Car il s’agit bien, chers collègues, de se tenir à l’écart de deux visions extrêmes présentes au sein de notre société mais aussi, comme l’ont montré malheureusement les deux précédentes interventions, parfois même au sein de notre hémicycle.Dans le premier cas, le droit de l’enfant à naître prévaut sur la liberté de la femme et, à ce titre, l’IVG devrait être remis en cause ; dans le second cas, la liberté absolue de la femme prévaut sur le droit de l’enfant à naître et alors l’IVG ne peut avoir aucune limite. Je me demande dans quelle mesure ces extrêmes ne se nourrissent pas l’un l’autre. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 525,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350375",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 258,
   "annotation_id": "Ne440647f6b0f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Autre doute : aujourd’hui, la liberté de la femme à avoir recours à l’IVG est déjà un principe à valeur constitutionnelle, comme le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie, et ces deux principes ont donc la même valeur au regard de notre Constitution ; or demain, ce texte va y inscrire en toutes lettres l’IVG – je répète que j’y suis favorable –, mais pas le droit de l’enfant à naître. Que dira le juge constitutionnel le jour où il aura à interpréter l’intention du constituant, y compris au regard de ce que celui-ci aura décidé de ne pas faire ? Pourquoi ne pas avoir prévu d’inscrire non seulement la liberté pour la femme de recourir à l’IVG, mais aussi le droit de l’enfant à naître dans la Constitution ?C’est en raison de ces doutes que nous avons toujours besoin d’être rassurés. Car il s’agit bien, chers collègues, de se tenir à l’écart de deux visions extrêmes présentes au sein de notre société mais aussi, comme l’ont montré malheureusement les deux précédentes interventions, parfois même au sein de notre hémicycle.Dans le premier cas, le droit de l’enfant à naître prévaut sur la liberté de la femme et, à ce titre, l’IVG devrait être remis en cause ; dans le second cas, la liberté absolue de la femme prévaut sur le droit de l’enfant à naître et alors l’IVG ne peut avoir aucune limite. Je me demande dans quelle mesure ces extrêmes ne se nourrissent pas l’un l’autre. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350380",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350380"
   ],
   "order": 530,
   "text": "C’est bien pour nous prémunir du premier extrémisme que l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution est à l’ordre du jour et que j’y suis favorable. Même si l’IVG n’est pas en danger juridiquement en France,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 530,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350380",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Nd4e0882535e9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est bien pour nous prémunir du premier extrémisme que l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution est à l’ordre du jour et que j’y suis favorable. Même si l’IVG n’est pas en danger juridiquement en France,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350382",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350382"
   ],
   "order": 532,
   "text": "…ce droit est remis en cause dans la plus grande des démocraties du monde que sont les États-Unis et en Europe, à quelques centaines de kilomètres de notre pays, en Pologne et en Hongrie. On ne peut pas faire comme si cela n’existait pas. Le pire n’est jamais certain, certes, mais malheureusement, l’histoire nous a suffisamment démontré qu’il pouvait advenir, en l’occurrence sous la forme d’un extrémisme dont il n’est pas incongru de se préserver par ce texte.Toutefois, nous devons rejeter avec la même force l’autre extrémisme, et nous en prémunir.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 532,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350382",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 91,
   "annotation_id": "N08a7e9a35831",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…ce droit est remis en cause dans la plus grande des démocraties du monde que sont les États-Unis et en Europe, à quelques centaines de kilomètres de notre pays, en Pologne et en Hongrie. On ne peut pas faire comme si cela n’existait pas. Le pire n’est jamais certain, certes, mais malheureusement, l’histoire nous a suffisamment démontré qu’il pouvait advenir, en l’occurrence sous la forme d’un extrémisme dont il n’est pas incongru de se préserver par ce texte.Toutefois, nous devons rejeter avec la même force l’autre extrémisme, et nous en prémunir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350974",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350974"
   ],
   "order": 535,
   "text": "Il s’agit de celui selon lequel le droit de la femme est absolu et que celle-ci, si elle le souhaite, peut mettre fin à sa grossesse à tout moment – jusqu’au sixième, septième, voire neuvième mois !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 535,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350974",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N3422885e4fc3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit de celui selon lequel le droit de la femme est absolu et que celle-ci, si elle le souhaite, peut mettre fin à sa grossesse à tout moment – jusqu’au sixième, septième, voire neuvième mois !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350976",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350976"
   ],
   "order": 537,
   "text": "Nous avions ainsi débattu dans cette enceinte d’un amendement visant à autoriser l’interruption médicale de grossesse (IMG) en cas de « détresse psychosociale », disposition qui avait été condamnée par le Conseil d’État.Ces forces agissent dans la société et dans l’hémicycle. Il est de notre devoir de constituants de les maintenir à égale distance de notre travail, afin de maintenir l’équilibre de la loi Veil. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 537,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350976",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N4a30cb36d118",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avions ainsi débattu dans cette enceinte d’un amendement visant à autoriser l’interruption médicale de grossesse (IMG) en cas de « détresse psychosociale », disposition qui avait été condamnée par le Conseil d’État.Ces forces agissent dans la société et dans l’hémicycle. Il est de notre devoir de constituants de les maintenir à égale distance de notre travail, afin de maintenir l’équilibre de la loi Veil. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350980",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350980"
   ],
   "order": 541,
   "text": "« Une nouvelle loi est-elle vraiment nécessaire ? » Ces mots ne sont pas les miens. Ce sont ceux de Simone Veil, qui avait dû démontrer la nécessité de légiférer en vue de dépénaliser l’avortement. La situation est la même aujourd’hui. Soyons fiers de marcher dans ses pas.C’est non sans émotion que nous nous retrouvons pour défendre l’inscription dans la Constitution de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Je suis heureux, pour toutes les femmes mais aussi pour tous les hommes de ce pays, que nous en débattions aujourd’hui.Mais quelle humilité cela impose ! Quelle dignité cela demande ! J’espère que nous saurons collectivement en faire preuve, tant le sujet est important – il touche à l’intimité des femmes.N’oublions pas non plus ce que cela signifie. Aujourd’hui comme hier, il nous faut justifier la défense de ce droit et la nécessité d’en garantir la protection. Le 24 novembre 2022, trente-deux députés ont voté contre la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. Sous couvert d’une meilleure protection des femmes et de leurs intérêts, les arguments avancés n’avaient en réalité pour objet que de limiter ce droit.Cela interroge. Cela effraie. Cela illustre malheureusement que ce droit, que nous pensons fondamental et inaliénable, n’est pas hors d’atteinte, y compris dans nos démocraties. Cela justifie d’autant plus l’impérieuse nécessité de l’inscrire dans la Constitution. Oui, les anti-IVG sont toujours présents et vindicatifs dans notre pays. Ne soyons pas dupes et agissons !C’est ce que nous avons commencé à faire. Je tiens à rendre hommage à tous les groupes parlementaires qui ont permis, de manière transpartisane, d’inscrire ce sujet à l’ordre du jour.Le 24 novembre 2022, notre Assemblée avait adopté à une large majorité – transpartisane – une proposition de loi constitutionnelle garantissant aux femmes l’effectivité de l’IVG ainsi que son égal accès. Le 1er février 2023, le Sénat adoptait à son tour ce texte, dans une nouvelle rédaction.Le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui nous est proposé aujourd’hui offre un équilibre entre les positions des deux chambres : il retient les mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » afin de ne laisser subsister aucune ambiguïté, consacre l’existence d’une liberté et reconnaît le rôle du Parlement dans l’établissement des conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce cette liberté garantie par la Constitution.Ce projet de loi est le véhicule législatif que nous attendions. Il marque ni plus ni moins la volonté du Gouvernement et de la représentation nationale d’aller au bout du processus législatif grâce à un vote des parlementaires réunis en Congrès.Il s’agit d’une aspiration de toute la société. Plus de 80 % des Françaises et des Français souhaitent cette constitutionnalisation.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 541,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350980",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 432,
   "annotation_id": "Nbe1dfd80c509",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "« Une nouvelle loi est-elle vraiment nécessaire ? » Ces mots ne sont pas les miens. Ce sont ceux de Simone Veil, qui avait dû démontrer la nécessité de légiférer en vue de dépénaliser l’avortement. La situation est la même aujourd’hui. Soyons fiers de marcher dans ses pas.C’est non sans émotion que nous nous retrouvons pour défendre l’inscription dans la Constitution de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Je suis heureux, pour toutes les femmes mais aussi pour tous les hommes de ce pays, que nous en débattions aujourd’hui.Mais quelle humilité cela impose ! Quelle dignité cela demande ! J’espère que nous saurons collectivement en faire preuve, tant le sujet est important – il touche à l’intimité des femmes.N’oublions pas non plus ce que cela signifie. Aujourd’hui comme hier, il nous faut justifier la défense de ce droit et la nécessité d’en garantir la protection. Le 24 novembre 2022, trente-deux députés ont voté contre la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. Sous couvert d’une meilleure protection des femmes et de leurs intérêts, les arguments avancés n’avaient en réalité pour objet que de limiter ce droit.Cela interroge. Cela effraie. Cela illustre malheureusement que ce droit, que nous pensons fondamental et inaliénable, n’est pas hors d’atteinte, y compris dans nos démocraties. Cela justifie d’autant plus l’impérieuse nécessité de l’inscrire dans la Constitution. Oui, les anti-IVG sont toujours présents et vindicatifs dans notre pays. Ne soyons pas dupes et agissons !C’est ce que nous avons commencé à faire. Je tiens à rendre hommage à tous les groupes parlementaires qui ont permis, de manière transpartisane, d’inscrire ce sujet à l’ordre du jour.Le 24 novembre 2022, notre Assemblée avait adopté à une large majorité – transpartisane – une proposition de loi constitutionnelle garantissant aux femmes l’effectivité de l’IVG ainsi que son égal accès. Le 1er février 2023, le Sénat adoptait à son tour ce texte, dans une nouvelle rédaction.Le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui nous est proposé aujourd’hui offre un équilibre entre les positions des deux chambres : il retient les mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » afin de ne laisser subsister aucune ambiguïté, consacre l’existence d’une liberté et reconnaît le rôle du Parlement dans l’établissement des conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce cette liberté garantie par la Constitution.Ce projet de loi est le véhicule législatif que nous attendions. Il marque ni plus ni moins la volonté du Gouvernement et de la représentation nationale d’aller au bout du processus législatif grâce à un vote des parlementaires réunis en Congrès.Il s’agit d’une aspiration de toute la société. Plus de 80 % des Françaises et des Français souhaitent cette constitutionnalisation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350992",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 552,
   "text": "Si Simone Veil avait malheureusement dû s’excuser d’être une femme devant une Assemblée « presque exclusivement composée d’hommes », je ne m’excuserai pas d’être un homme défendant la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. D’une part, parce que c’est un honneur de le faire devant les nombreuses femmes désormais assises dans l’hémicycle – vous l’avez rappelé, madame Bergé : c’était inenvisageable il y a cinquante ans. D’autre part, parce que je suis convaincu que les hommes doivent eux aussi se saisir de ce sujet, comme de tous ceux qui ont trait à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 552,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350992",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 98,
   "annotation_id": "N64cccb9d2a72",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Si Simone Veil avait malheureusement dû s’excuser d’être une femme devant une Assemblée « presque exclusivement composée d’hommes », je ne m’excuserai pas d’être un homme défendant la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. D’une part, parce que c’est un honneur de le faire devant les nombreuses femmes désormais assises dans l’hémicycle – vous l’avez rappelé, madame Bergé : c’était inenvisageable il y a cinquante ans. D’autre part, parce que je suis convaincu que les hommes doivent eux aussi se saisir de ce sujet, comme de tous ceux qui ont trait à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350994",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350994"
   ],
   "order": 554,
   "text": "S’inspirant de l’histoire de Marie-Louise Giraud, l’une des dernières femmes guillotinées en France pour avoir été une « faiseuse d’anges », Claude Chabrol avait réalisé en 1988 un film magnifique : Une affaire de femmes. Aujourd’hui, on peut dire que ce n’est pas seulement une affaire de femmes ni même de genre, mais que c’est une affaire de société.Je crois fermement qu’il est de notre rôle non seulement de législateurs, mais avant tout de citoyens et de citoyennes, de nous prononcer résolument pour la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. Il y va de notre responsabilité et de notre devoir de protéger la liberté, demain, de nos filles et de nos petites-filles à disposer de leur corps.Comme Simone Veil, je rappellerai qu’aucune femme ne recourt de gaieté de cœur à l’avortement. Sur ce point, rien n’a changé. Jamais aucun jugement ne doit être porté sur les raisons qui la poussent à y recourir.L’onde de choc provoquée par la décision historique de la Cour suprême américaine bouleverse nos convictions et brise le mouvement que l’on croyait continu de progression du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. Nous devons nous interroger sur notre capacité à anticiper de tels revers en Europe et en France. Son inscription dans notre norme suprême lui offrira la protection la plus forte qui soit. Elle rendra autrement plus difficile les velléités de certains de la remettre en cause par la loi.Vous l’avez souligné, monsieur le garde des sceaux : quand nous inscrivons une liberté dans la Constitution, nous le faisons pour l’avenir. Vous avez raison, monsieur le président du Sénat : la Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits sociaux et sociétaux – toutefois, elle définit les droits fondamentaux qu’elle protège, et c’est pourquoi l’IVG y a toute sa place.Certains n’y voient là qu’un symbole, presque inutile. Eh bien, oui : la constitutionnalisation par la France de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG est aussi un symbole. Ne nous en cachons pas. Bien au contraire, soyons-en fiers. Soyons fiers du message que l’on enverra aux autres pays – et je suis certain qu’il y en aura qui suivront le mouvement.S’il y a bien un moment pour lui rendre hommage, c’est celui-ci. J’ai ouvert mon propos avec les mots de Simone Veil ; je le terminerai de la même façon. « L’histoire nous montre que les grands débats qui ont divisé un moment les Français apparaissent avec le recul du temps comme une étape nécessaire à la formation d’un nouveau consensus social, qui s’inscrit dans la tradition de tolérance et de mesure de notre pays. »En mémoire de Simone Veil, en mémoire de nos grands-mères et de nos mères qui ont tant souffert de ne pas avoir ce droit, à qui la liberté de disposer de leur corps a tant manqué, pour garantir demain ce droit à nos filles et à nos petites-filles, écrivons un nouveau chapitre dans l’histoire des droits des femmes : constitutionnalisons le droit à l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 554,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350994",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 499,
   "annotation_id": "N0564128afb9a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "S’inspirant de l’histoire de Marie-Louise Giraud, l’une des dernières femmes guillotinées en France pour avoir été une « faiseuse d’anges », Claude Chabrol avait réalisé en 1988 un film magnifique : Une affaire de femmes. Aujourd’hui, on peut dire que ce n’est pas seulement une affaire de femmes ni même de genre, mais que c’est une affaire de société.Je crois fermement qu’il est de notre rôle non seulement de législateurs, mais avant tout de citoyens et de citoyennes, de nous prononcer résolument pour la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. Il y va de notre responsabilité et de notre devoir de protéger la liberté, demain, de nos filles et de nos petites-filles à disposer de leur corps.Comme Simone Veil, je rappellerai qu’aucune femme ne recourt de gaieté de cœur à l’avortement. Sur ce point, rien n’a changé. Jamais aucun jugement ne doit être porté sur les raisons qui la poussent à y recourir.L’onde de choc provoquée par la décision historique de la Cour suprême américaine bouleverse nos convictions et brise le mouvement que l’on croyait continu de progression du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. Nous devons nous interroger sur notre capacité à anticiper de tels revers en Europe et en France. Son inscription dans notre norme suprême lui offrira la protection la plus forte qui soit. Elle rendra autrement plus difficile les velléités de certains de la remettre en cause par la loi.Vous l’avez souligné, monsieur le garde des sceaux : quand nous inscrivons une liberté dans la Constitution, nous le faisons pour l’avenir. Vous avez raison, monsieur le président du Sénat : la Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits sociaux et sociétaux – toutefois, elle définit les droits fondamentaux qu’elle protège, et c’est pourquoi l’IVG y a toute sa place.Certains n’y voient là qu’un symbole, presque inutile. Eh bien, oui : la constitutionnalisation par la France de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG est aussi un symbole. Ne nous en cachons pas. Bien au contraire, soyons-en fiers. Soyons fiers du message que l’on enverra aux autres pays – et je suis certain qu’il y en aura qui suivront le mouvement.S’il y a bien un moment pour lui rendre hommage, c’est celui-ci. J’ai ouvert mon propos avec les mots de Simone Veil ; je le terminerai de la même façon. « L’histoire nous montre que les grands débats qui ont divisé un moment les Français apparaissent avec le recul du temps comme une étape nécessaire à la formation d’un nouveau consensus social, qui s’inscrit dans la tradition de tolérance et de mesure de notre pays. »En mémoire de Simone Veil, en mémoire de nos grands-mères et de nos mères qui ont tant souffert de ne pas avoir ce droit, à qui la liberté de disposer de leur corps a tant manqué, pour garantir demain ce droit à nos filles et à nos petites-filles, écrivons un nouveau chapitre dans l’histoire des droits des femmes : constitutionnalisons le droit à l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351005",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351005"
   ],
   "order": 565,
   "text": "Aujourd’hui est un grand jour : nous pouvons écrire ensemble une page de notre histoire.C’est un grand jour pour les femmes, qui sont toujours ballottées dans les soubresauts de l’histoire et qui, de changement politique en changement de régime, ne sont jamais à l’abri de voir leurs droits reculer.Au moment d’inscrire dans la Constitution ce droit sacralisé, il me plaît de citer à la tribune les mots de Simone de Beauvoir à l’adresse des femmes : « N’oubliez jamais qu’il suffira d’une crise politique, économique ou religieuse pour que les droits des femmes soient remis en question. Ces droits ne sont jamais acquis. Vous devrez rester vigilantes votre vie durant. » Aujourd’hui, nous pouvons faire triompher cette vigilance.Ce grand jour est d’abord celui des féministes, des associations, du Planning familial (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, RE, Dem, Écolo-NUPES, GDR-NUPES ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions), de tous les professionnels qui se battent chaque jour pour faire de l’avortement un droit réel et effectif, qui accompagnent au quotidien les femmes dans la revendication et l’exercice de leur droit à disposer librement de leur corps. Je veux les saluer pour leur engagement et pour leur combat. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – M. Ian Boucard applaudit aussi.)C’est un grand jour aussi pour les socialistes, auteurs de plusieurs textes tendant à renforcer et à protéger l’IVG. En 2018, nous défendions déjà un amendement visant à reconnaître dans le préambule de la Constitution de 1946 le droit d’avoir accès à une contraception adaptée et gratuite ainsi que de recourir librement à l’IVG. (Mme Cécile Untermaier applaudit.) L’année suivante, nous reprenions cet amendement sous la forme d’une proposition de loi constitutionnelle, qui n’obtint pas, alors, l’aval de la majorité. Aujourd’hui, nous nous retrouvons ensemble – et c’est une bonne nouvelle – dans les rangs de ceux qui veulent faire avancer les droits des femmes. Je salue la constance et l’engagement de mes collègues Laurence Rossignol, Cécile Untermaier et Fatiha Keloua-Hachi, qui, comme moi, n’ont jamais cessé de se battre pour cette cause.C’est un grand jour pour les groupes de gauche, qui, rassemblés, ont fait adopter une proposition de loi constitutionnelle par l’Assemblée nationale et par le Sénat, ce qui nous amène à examiner aujourd’hui ce projet de loi constitutionnelle.Je remercie mes partenaires Mathilde Panot, Elsa Faucillon et Marie-Charlotte Garin pour leur engagement pugnace en faveur des droits des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.) Je salue également le rapporteur, Guillaume Gouffier Valente, sur qui nous avons toujours pu nous appuyer durant ce long parcours (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – M. Ian Boucard applaudit aussi), ainsi que toutes celles et tous ceux qui, parmi nous, portent ce combat.Ne laissons personne confisquer cette victoire.À ceux qui prétendent que le droit d’avorter n’est pas menacé en France, je rappelle les exemples des sept États américains ayant, depuis l’arrêt de la Cour suprême, interdit l’IVG, même en cas de viol ou d’inceste. Je leur rappelle aussi l’exemple de nos voisins européens, comme la Pologne, où désormais seules les IVG en cas de viol ou de danger pour la vie de la mère sont autorisées ; comme la Hongrie, qui oblige les femmes souhaitant avorter à écouter battre le cœur du fœtus ; comme le Portugal, qui impose depuis peu aux femmes un examen psychologique préalable. Personne ne saurait préjuger de ce qu’il pourrait advenir demain en France.Méfions-nous d’ailleurs, soyons vigilants, car, partout sur le territoire, les entraves à l’IVG prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses de la part des mouvements antichoix, qui cherchent à tromper les femmes peu ou mal informées afin qu’elles poursuivent leur grossesse. Ces militants sont nombreux, y compris ici, et très organisés.Nous devons aussi convaincre ceux qui pensent que la Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits et que le droit à l’avortement n’y a pas sa place. À ceux-là, nous posons la question suivante : la Constitution n’est-elle pas la norme suprême qui permet à la nation d’indiquer les valeurs et les principes auxquels elle donne une importance particulière ? En effet, la Constitution, la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, le préambule de la Constitution de 1946 font plus que fixer l’organisation institutionnelle notre pays ; ils rappellent les droits fondamentaux, les valeurs intangibles et tout ce qui fait la force d’une République indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale.En ce sens, la constitutionnalisation des droits reproductifs se justifie pleinement en ce qu’elle permet de consacrer à la fois l’égalité des citoyens et des citoyennes ainsi que l’effectivité de leurs droits. La Constitution, Kelsen le souligne, est la loi des lois. Elle doit protéger ce qu’une simple loi pourrait défaire demain.Enfin, à ceux qui estiment que ce droit serait déjà protégé par le juge constitutionnel et par le juge européen, nous répondons que le droit à l’avortement ne bénéficie pas de la protection juridique la plus forte. Non, il n’a jamais été consacré par le juge constitutionnel sous la forme d’un droit fondamental. Non, il ne jouit pas d’une protection constitutionnelle autonome. Non, il n’est pas protégé au niveau européen, en raison de l’absence d’un consensus sur la question.Nous ne parlerons pas de ceux qui, pour des raisons purement politiques ou politiciennes, voudraient faire échouer ce projet. À ceux-là, nous n’avons pas de réponse à donner… si ce n’est de leur dire : « Pensez à votre responsabilité et au sens de notre mandat. Au moment du vote, pensez aux citoyennes qui comptent sur nous. » En 1975, l’opposition de gauche avait choisi la conviction plutôt que la posture, et la dignité plutôt que le calcul, pour faire adopter la loi Veil refusée jusque dans son propre camp. Nous leur disons : « Comme nous, répondez à la grande histoire. » (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)Certes, le droit à l’IVG aurait pu être consacré plus fortement encore si nous avions été plus ambitieux. Nous aurions préféré la consécration d’un droit plutôt que celle d’une liberté, afin de garantir un véritable droit fondamental à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, sans qu’il soit nécessairement rattaché à la liberté personnelle. Nous n’aurions pas introduit l’IVG à l’article 34 mais nous aurions plutôt consacré ce droit de façon autonome, en l’inscrivant à l’article 1er, qui constitue pour nous l’écrin des droits. Nous aurions également souhaité que la notion de contraception y figure.Toutefois, nous savons que les victoires féministes ont toujours été le fruit de compromis, dès lors que l’essentiel est obtenu. Sans ces compromis, qui refusent la compromission, Simone Veil ne serait pas parvenue à faire adopter la loi sur l’avortement. Cinquante ans plus tard, nous continuons à suivre cette ligne constructive pour faire primer l’intérêt des femmes.Néanmoins, monsieur le ministre, nous tenons à insister sur deux points, à commencer par la notion indispensable de « garantie ». En effet, de l’avis des constitutionnalistes que nous avons auditionnés, l’absence du mot « garantie » créerait une incertitude quant à la volonté du constituant : s’agirait-il de simplement rappeler le droit existant ou pire, de donner au législateur une plus grande marge d’appréciation, dont il pourrait se servir pour faire progresser ou reculer cette liberté ?Deuxièmement, l’emploi du terme « femme » ne doit pas être interprétée comme excluant les personnes transgenres, par exemple. Le Conseil d’État le rappelle au point 15 de l’avis qu’il a rendu en décembre 2023 : « Il résulte de l’objet même de cette liberté […] qu’elle doit être entendue comme bénéficiant à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité […] ». Nous y tenons.C’est dans cet esprit que nous présenterons l’amendement n° 68 afin de reprendre la proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à protéger le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception, déposée le 20 octobre 2022 par Cécile Untermaier et le groupe Socialistes et apparentés. Il tend à inscrire à l’article 1er de la Constitution que « La loi garantit l’effectivité et l’égal accès au droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ainsi qu’à la contraception. »La mention de l’effectivité et de l’égal accès au droit à l’avortement nous semble en effet plus pertinente, notamment lorsqu’on sait que l’actuelle ministre de la santé avait, en 2017, saisi le Conseil constitutionnel contre la loi relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
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   "analysis_text": "Aujourd’hui est un grand jour : nous pouvons écrire ensemble une page de notre histoire.C’est un grand jour pour les femmes, qui sont toujours ballottées dans les soubresauts de l’histoire et qui, de changement politique en changement de régime, ne sont jamais à l’abri de voir leurs droits reculer.Au moment d’inscrire dans la Constitution ce droit sacralisé, il me plaît de citer à la tribune les mots de Simone de Beauvoir à l’adresse des femmes : « N’oubliez jamais qu’il suffira d’une crise politique, économique ou religieuse pour que les droits des femmes soient remis en question. Ces droits ne sont jamais acquis. Vous devrez rester vigilantes votre vie durant. » Aujourd’hui, nous pouvons faire triompher cette vigilance.Ce grand jour est d’abord celui des féministes, des associations, du Planning familial (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], RE, Dem, Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions), de tous les professionnels qui se battent chaque jour pour faire de l’avortement un droit réel et effectif, qui accompagnent au quotidien les femmes dans la revendication et l’exercice de leur droit à disposer librement de leur corps. Je veux les saluer pour leur engagement et pour leur combat. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.)C’est un grand jour aussi pour les socialistes, auteurs de plusieurs textes tendant à renforcer et à protéger l’IVG. En 2018, nous défendions déjà un amendement visant à reconnaître dans le préambule de la Constitution de 1946 le droit d’avoir accès à une contraception adaptée et gratuite ainsi que de recourir librement à l’IVG. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) L’année suivante, nous reprenions cet amendement sous la forme d’une proposition de loi constitutionnelle, qui n’obtint pas, alors, l’aval de la majorité. Aujourd’hui, nous nous retrouvons ensemble – et c’est une bonne nouvelle – dans les rangs de ceux qui veulent faire avancer les droits des femmes. Je salue la constance et l’engagement de mes collègues [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] et Fatiha Keloua-Hachi, qui, comme moi, n’ont jamais cessé de se battre pour cette cause.C’est un grand jour pour les groupes de gauche, qui, rassemblés, ont fait adopter une proposition de loi constitutionnelle par l’Assemblée nationale et par le Sénat, ce qui nous amène à examiner aujourd’hui ce projet de loi constitutionnelle.Je remercie mes partenaires [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] pour leur engagement pugnace en faveur des droits des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].) Je salue également le rapporteur, [PERSONNE], sur qui nous avons toujours pu nous appuyer durant ce long parcours (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi), ainsi que toutes celles et tous ceux qui, parmi nous, portent ce combat.Ne laissons personne confisquer cette victoire.À ceux qui prétendent que le droit d’avorter n’est pas menacé en France, je rappelle les exemples des sept États américains ayant, depuis l’arrêt de la Cour suprême, interdit l’IVG, même en cas de viol ou d’inceste. Je leur rappelle aussi l’exemple de nos voisins européens, comme la Pologne, où désormais seules les IVG en cas de viol ou de danger pour la vie de la mère sont autorisées ; comme la Hongrie, qui oblige les femmes souhaitant avorter à écouter battre le cœur du fœtus ; comme le Portugal, qui impose depuis peu aux femmes un examen psychologique préalable. Personne ne saurait préjuger de ce qu’il pourrait advenir demain en France.Méfions-nous d’ailleurs, soyons vigilants, car, partout sur le territoire, les entraves à l’IVG prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses de la part des mouvements antichoix, qui cherchent à tromper les femmes peu ou mal informées afin qu’elles poursuivent leur grossesse. Ces militants sont nombreux, y compris ici, et très organisés.Nous devons aussi convaincre ceux qui pensent que la Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits et que le droit à l’avortement n’y a pas sa place. À ceux-là, nous posons la question suivante : la Constitution n’est-elle pas la norme suprême qui permet à la nation d’indiquer les valeurs et les principes auxquels elle donne une importance particulière ? En effet, la Constitution, la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, le préambule de la Constitution de 1946 font plus que fixer l’organisation institutionnelle notre pays ; ils rappellent les droits fondamentaux, les valeurs intangibles et tout ce qui fait la force d’une République indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale.En ce sens, la constitutionnalisation des droits reproductifs se justifie pleinement en ce qu’elle permet de consacrer à la fois l’égalité des citoyens et des citoyennes ainsi que l’effectivité de leurs droits. La Constitution, Kelsen le souligne, est la loi des lois. Elle doit protéger ce qu’une simple loi pourrait défaire demain.Enfin, à ceux qui estiment que ce droit serait déjà protégé par le juge constitutionnel et par le juge européen, nous répondons que le droit à l’avortement ne bénéficie pas de la protection juridique la plus forte. Non, il n’a jamais été consacré par le juge constitutionnel sous la forme d’un droit fondamental. Non, il ne jouit pas d’une protection constitutionnelle autonome. Non, il n’est pas protégé au niveau européen, en raison de l’absence d’un consensus sur la question.Nous ne parlerons pas de ceux qui, pour des raisons purement politiques ou politiciennes, voudraient faire échouer ce projet. À ceux-là, nous n’avons pas de réponse à donner… si ce n’est de leur dire : « Pensez à votre responsabilité et au sens de notre mandat. Au moment du vote, pensez aux citoyennes qui comptent sur nous. » En 1975, l’opposition de gauche avait choisi la conviction plutôt que la posture, et la dignité plutôt que le calcul, pour faire adopter la loi Veil refusée jusque dans son propre camp. Nous leur disons : « Comme nous, répondez à la grande histoire. » (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Certes, le droit à l’IVG aurait pu être consacré plus fortement encore si nous avions été plus ambitieux. Nous aurions préféré la consécration d’un droit plutôt que celle d’une liberté, afin de garantir un véritable droit fondamental à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, sans qu’il soit nécessairement rattaché à la liberté personnelle. Nous n’aurions pas introduit l’IVG à l’article 34 mais nous aurions plutôt consacré ce droit de façon autonome, en l’inscrivant à l’article 1er, qui constitue pour nous l’écrin des droits. Nous aurions également souhaité que la notion de contraception y figure.Toutefois, nous savons que les victoires féministes ont toujours été le fruit de compromis, dès lors que l’essentiel est obtenu. Sans ces compromis, qui refusent la compromission, Simone Veil ne serait pas parvenue à faire adopter la loi sur l’avortement. Cinquante ans plus tard, nous continuons à suivre cette ligne constructive pour faire primer l’intérêt des femmes.Néanmoins, monsieur le ministre, nous tenons à insister sur deux points, à commencer par la notion indispensable de « garantie ». En effet, de l’avis des constitutionnalistes que nous avons auditionnés, l’absence du mot « garantie » créerait une incertitude quant à la volonté du constituant : s’agirait-il de simplement rappeler le droit existant ou pire, de donner au législateur une plus grande marge d’appréciation, dont il pourrait se servir pour faire progresser ou reculer cette liberté ?Deuxièmement, l’emploi du terme « femme » ne doit pas être interprétée comme excluant les personnes transgenres, par exemple. Le Conseil d’État le rappelle au point 15 de l’avis qu’il a rendu en décembre 2023 : « Il résulte de l’objet même de cette liberté […] qu’elle doit être entendue comme bénéficiant à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité […] ». Nous y tenons.C’est dans cet esprit que nous présenterons l’amendement n° 68 afin de reprendre la proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à protéger le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception, déposée le 20 octobre 2022 par [PERSONNE] et le groupe [GROUPE]. Il tend à inscrire à l’article 1er de la Constitution que « La loi garantit l’effectivité et l’égal accès au droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ainsi qu’à la contraception. »La mention de l’effectivité et de l’égal accès au droit à l’avortement nous semble en effet plus pertinente, notamment lorsqu’on sait que l’actuelle ministre de la santé avait, en 2017, saisi le Conseil constitutionnel contre la loi relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse."
  },
  {
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   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
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   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
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   "text": "…qui doit nous conduire à une adoption par le Congrès, parce qu’il est important de tenir sévèrement en échec ceux qui combattent les droits des femmes et de renforcer, collectivement, les protections et les garanties bénéficiant aux femmes, parce que des millions d’entre elles, aujourd’hui et demain, attendent un signal fort et des droits solides, parce que, partout dans le monde, la voie tracée par la France est observée avec attention lorsqu’il s’agit de protéger des droits fondamentaux dont beaucoup trop de femmes sont dépourvues, parce qu’enfin, cela est tout simplement juste et nécessaire, le groupe Socialistes et apparentés votera avec fierté ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, pour contribuer à faire de ce jour une victoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, RE, LFI-NUPES, Dem, HOR, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…qui doit nous conduire à une adoption par le Congrès, parce qu’il est important de tenir sévèrement en échec ceux qui combattent les droits des femmes et de renforcer, collectivement, les protections et les garanties bénéficiant aux femmes, parce que des millions d’entre elles, aujourd’hui et demain, attendent un signal fort et des droits solides, parce que, partout dans le monde, la voie tracée par la France est observée avec attention lorsqu’il s’agit de protéger des droits fondamentaux dont beaucoup trop de femmes sont dépourvues, parce qu’enfin, cela est tout simplement juste et nécessaire, le groupe [GROUPE] votera avec fierté ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, pour contribuer à faire de ce jour une victoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], RE, [GROUPE], Dem, HOR, Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
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   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351201",
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   "order": 591,
   "text": "« Pouvoir que le citoyen a de faire ce qu’il veut, sous la protection des lois et dans les limites de celles-ci ». Telle est la définition de la liberté, selon le Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales. Permettez-moi, monsieur le garde des sceaux, de partager votre fierté, et de vous remercier pour votre engagement assumé et qui nous inspire.Le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui nous est soumis consacre la liberté de la femme, la protection de ses choix, et le rôle des représentants du peuple pour fixer le cadre dans lequel cette liberté s’exerce.À l’heure où nous débattons souvent – peut-être trop – d’interdictions, de sanctions ou de normes contraignantes, je me réjouis de prendre la parole pour débattre de la constitutionnalisation d’une liberté : celle de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, dont disposent aujourd’hui les femmes françaises.Cette liberté n’est, fort heureusement, que très marginalement remise en cause dans notre pays. De récentes manifestations, bien que concentrées et minoritaires, se qualifiant elles-mêmes de « pro-vie », nous rappellent toutefois que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ne fait pas encore pleinement consensus.D’autres, sans renier la liberté de la femme, estiment que l’IVG n’a pas sa place dans la Constitution. Je leur réponds en reprenant à mon compte l’avis, limpide, du Conseil d’État qui précise en son point 10 que « Le caractère réversible et limité de la protection conférée par la loi ordinaire justifie, pour le Gouvernement, que soit garantie par la Constitution la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Soyons honnêtes : c’est bien parce que cette liberté n’est pas structurellement menacée, aujourd’hui, que nous pouvons avoir ce débat – de manière apaisée, je l’espère. Si un jour, en France, cette liberté venait à se trouver menacée, vous le savez comme moi : il serait trop tard pour tenir un tel débat.",
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   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "« Pouvoir que le citoyen a de faire ce qu’il veut, sous la protection des lois et dans les limites de celles-ci ». Telle est la définition de la liberté, selon le Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales. Permettez-moi, monsieur le garde des sceaux, de partager votre fierté, et de vous remercier pour votre engagement assumé et qui nous inspire.Le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui nous est soumis consacre la liberté de la femme, la protection de ses choix, et le rôle des représentants du peuple pour fixer le cadre dans lequel cette liberté s’exerce.À l’heure où nous débattons souvent – peut-être trop – d’interdictions, de sanctions ou de normes contraignantes, je me réjouis de prendre la parole pour débattre de la constitutionnalisation d’une liberté : celle de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, dont disposent aujourd’hui les femmes françaises.Cette liberté n’est, fort heureusement, que très marginalement remise en cause dans notre pays. De récentes manifestations, bien que concentrées et minoritaires, se qualifiant elles-mêmes de « pro-vie », nous rappellent toutefois que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ne fait pas encore pleinement consensus.D’autres, sans renier la liberté de la femme, estiment que l’IVG n’a pas sa place dans la Constitution. Je leur réponds en reprenant à mon compte l’avis, limpide, du Conseil d’État qui précise en son point 10 que « Le caractère réversible et limité de la protection conférée par la loi ordinaire justifie, pour le Gouvernement, que soit garantie par la Constitution la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Soyons honnêtes : c’est bien parce que cette liberté n’est pas structurellement menacée, aujourd’hui, que nous pouvons avoir ce débat – de manière apaisée, je l’espère. Si un jour, en France, cette liberté venait à se trouver menacée, vous le savez comme moi : il serait trop tard pour tenir un tel débat."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351207",
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   "order": 597,
   "text": "Anticiper les risques, c’est bâtir un rempart avant l’assaut. Ne pas attendre la catastrophe pour se prémunir, voilà la sagesse de l’assurance. (M. Ian Boucard applaudit.)À ceux qui s’inquiètent d’un éventuel déséquilibre entre deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle – la liberté de la femme et le respect, contre toute forme de dégradation, de la dignité de la personne humaine –, je réponds que ce n’est nullement l’intention de ce projet de loi. Ce dernier n’a qu’un but : encadrer l’office du législateur afin qu’il ne puisse interdire tout recours à l’IVG, ni en restreindre les conditions d’exercice à un point tel qu’il priverait cette liberté de toute réalité.Cette constitutionnalisation, c’est l’assurance pour les femmes françaises que nul ne pourra remettre en cause leur liberté de choisir. Cette liberté est bien trop importante, structurante et essentielle, pour que nous baissions la garde et ne fassions preuve de la grande vigilance à laquelle nous invitait Simone de Beauvoir.Le devoir de vigilance s’accroît lorsque, outre-Atlantique, la Cour suprême met un terme à sa célèbre jurisprudence Roe vs Wade de 1973. Ce que l’on pense acquis dans nos sociétés modernes ne l’est jamais définitivement, surtout lorsqu’il s’agit du droit des femmes.Ce devoir de vigilance augmente encore davantage lorsque, au sein même de l’Union européenne, ce droit se trouve considérablement restreint. Aux exemples déjà évoqués du Portugal, de la Hongrie et de la Pologne, j’ajouterai celui de Malte. L’IVG y est strictement interdite, et passible de dix-huit mois à trois ans de prison pour les femmes, et de quatre ans de prison assortis de l’interdiction d’exercer pour les médecins qui la pratiquent. La seule exception, votée le 28 juin 2023, concerne les fœtus non viables mettant la vie de la mère en danger.À ceux qui pensent que le droit à l’avortement n’est pas menacé en France, je pose les questions suivantes : avez-vous besoin d’autres exemples ? Combien de pays doivent restreindre ce droit avant que vous admettiez la nécessité de le protéger ? Avons-nous besoin d’attendre ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
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   "last_order": 597,
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   "words": 333,
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   "s": "I",
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   "analysis_text": "Anticiper les risques, c’est bâtir un rempart avant l’assaut. Ne pas attendre la catastrophe pour se prémunir, voilà la sagesse de l’assurance. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)À ceux qui s’inquiètent d’un éventuel déséquilibre entre deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle – la liberté de la femme et le respect, contre toute forme de dégradation, de la dignité de la personne humaine –, je réponds que ce n’est nullement l’intention de ce projet de loi. Ce dernier n’a qu’un but : encadrer l’office du législateur afin qu’il ne puisse interdire tout recours à l’IVG, ni en restreindre les conditions d’exercice à un point tel qu’il priverait cette liberté de toute réalité.Cette constitutionnalisation, c’est l’assurance pour les femmes françaises que nul ne pourra remettre en cause leur liberté de choisir. Cette liberté est bien trop importante, structurante et essentielle, pour que nous baissions la garde et ne fassions preuve de la grande vigilance à laquelle nous invitait Simone de Beauvoir.Le devoir de vigilance s’accroît lorsque, outre-Atlantique, la Cour suprême met un terme à sa célèbre jurisprudence Roe vs Wade de 1973. Ce que l’on pense acquis dans nos sociétés modernes ne l’est jamais définitivement, surtout lorsqu’il s’agit du droit des femmes.Ce devoir de vigilance augmente encore davantage lorsque, au sein même de l’Union européenne, ce droit se trouve considérablement restreint. Aux exemples déjà évoqués du Portugal, de la Hongrie et de la Pologne, j’ajouterai celui de Malte. L’IVG y est strictement interdite, et passible de dix-huit mois à trois ans de prison pour les femmes, et de quatre ans de prison assortis de l’interdiction d’exercer pour les médecins qui la pratiquent. La seule exception, votée le 28 juin 2023, concerne les fœtus non viables mettant la vie de la mère en danger.À ceux qui pensent que le droit à l’avortement n’est pas menacé en France, je pose les questions suivantes : avez-vous besoin d’autres exemples ? Combien de pays doivent restreindre ce droit avant que vous admettiez la nécessité de le protéger ? Avons-nous besoin d’attendre ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
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   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351214",
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   "order": 604,
   "text": "Face à ces retours en arrière, la France doit montrer la voie. Consacrer cette liberté au sommet de la hiérarchie des normes, ferait de notre pays le premier au monde à protéger dans sa Constitution la santé physique – et aussi psychique – des femmes, contre les risques de l’avortement dans la clandestinité. En héritiers de Simone Veil, près de cinquante ans après la loi fondatrice du 17 janvier 1975, nous devons nous prémunir contre la possibilité d’un retour aux faiseuses d’anges, en empêchant la remise en cause, par la loi, de la liberté d’avoir recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce serait un message fort envoyé aux femmes et aux hommes du monde entier : mesdames, votre liberté de choisir fait partie intégrante des valeurs fondamentales de notre pays, votre corps n’est pas un territoire à réguler mais un espace sacré de libre arbitre et d’autodétermination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR et Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)En réalité, cette liberté est très fragile. Comme le souligne le Conseil d’État, elle ne fait à ce jour l’objet d’aucune consécration dans nos textes fondamentaux – ni dans la Constitution, ni dans la Convention de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, ni dans le droit de l’Union européenne. Si le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa décision du 27 juin 2001, a fait le choix d’adosser la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG à celle de la liberté de la femme prévue par l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, le temps est venu de lui conférer une valeur constitutionnelle autonome.Certes, la Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits sociaux. « La Constitution, c’est l’esprit d’un peuple, d’une époque et d’une volonté » déclarait Jean-Louis Debré le 4 octobre 2018, à l’occasion du soixantième anniversaire de notre loi fondamentale,Je me réjouis que la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement soit issue du long travail mené par l’ensemble des parlementaires. À l’Assemblée, à l’initiative des présidentes Panot et Bergé, nous avions adopté une proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à garantir le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Elle a été reprise et modifiée par nos collègues sénateurs – je salue à cet égard la sénatrice Mélanie Vogel. Des divergences sont alors apparues, quant à l’emplacement à choisir au sein de la Constitution, ou quant au choix sémantique de consacrer un « droit » ou une « liberté », afin de donner à la disposition sa pleine force. Toutefois, à l’Assemblée comme au Sénat, ces propositions de lois constitutionnelles ont été adoptées. Preuve qu’il existe une voie de passage et un consensus en faveur de la constitutionnalisation. Je salue également les associations féministes pour leurs propositions constructives.Les rédactions adoptées ont été synthétisées par le Gouvernement, et enrichies des remarques pertinentes du Conseil d’État. La rédaction de compromis qui en résulte emporte notre approbation, parce qu’elle précise que c’est à la loi de garantir l’effectivité et l’accès à l’IVG. En d’autres termes, il revient aux représentants du peuple de déterminer les conditions dans lesquelles ce droit est exercé. Ainsi, la liberté de recourir à l’IVG sera protégée de façon pérenne, tout en continuant à être encadrée démocratiquement.D’autre part, l’emploi d’une formule positive permet d’assurer la constitutionnalité de plusieurs dispositions importantes de notre droit, notamment la clause de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes.Résolument attaché à la liberté de choisir, le groupe Horizons et apparentés sera toujours guidé par la volonté d’empêcher toute remise en cause de l’équilibre défini par la loi Veil. Parce qu’il confère à cet équilibre une assurance solennelle et un caractère irréversible que rien ne pourra entraver ou défaire, nous voterons en faveur de ce projet de loi, dans sa rédaction initiale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, RE et Dem. – Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 604,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351214",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 642,
   "annotation_id": "Nc47233c44a8e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Face à ces retours en arrière, la France doit montrer la voie. Consacrer cette liberté au sommet de la hiérarchie des normes, ferait de notre pays le premier au monde à protéger dans sa Constitution la santé physique – et aussi psychique – des femmes, contre les risques de l’avortement dans la clandestinité. En héritiers de Simone Veil, près de cinquante ans après la loi fondatrice du 17 janvier 1975, nous devons nous prémunir contre la possibilité d’un retour aux faiseuses d’anges, en empêchant la remise en cause, par la loi, de la liberté d’avoir recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce serait un message fort envoyé aux femmes et aux hommes du monde entier : mesdames, votre liberté de choisir fait partie intégrante des valeurs fondamentales de notre pays, votre corps n’est pas un territoire à réguler mais un espace sacré de libre arbitre et d’autodétermination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR et Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)En réalité, cette liberté est très fragile. Comme le souligne le Conseil d’État, elle ne fait à ce jour l’objet d’aucune consécration dans nos textes fondamentaux – ni dans la Constitution, ni dans la Convention de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, ni dans le droit de l’Union européenne. Si le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa décision du 27 juin 2001, a fait le choix d’adosser la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG à celle de la liberté de la femme prévue par l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, le temps est venu de lui conférer une valeur constitutionnelle autonome.Certes, la Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits sociaux. « La Constitution, c’est l’esprit d’un peuple, d’une époque et d’une volonté » déclarait Jean-Louis Debré le 4 octobre 2018, à l’occasion du soixantième anniversaire de notre loi fondamentale,Je me réjouis que la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement soit issue du long travail mené par l’ensemble des parlementaires. À l’Assemblée, à l’initiative des présidentes Panot et Bergé, nous avions adopté une proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à garantir le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Elle a été reprise et modifiée par nos collègues sénateurs – je salue à cet égard la sénatrice [PERSONNE]. Des divergences sont alors apparues, quant à l’emplacement à choisir au sein de la Constitution, ou quant au choix sémantique de consacrer un « droit » ou une « liberté », afin de donner à la disposition sa pleine force. Toutefois, à l’Assemblée comme au Sénat, ces propositions de lois constitutionnelles ont été adoptées. Preuve qu’il existe une voie de passage et un consensus en faveur de la constitutionnalisation. Je salue également les associations féministes pour leurs propositions constructives.Les rédactions adoptées ont été synthétisées par le Gouvernement, et enrichies des remarques pertinentes du Conseil d’État. La rédaction de compromis qui en résulte emporte notre approbation, parce qu’elle précise que c’est à la loi de garantir l’effectivité et l’accès à l’IVG. En d’autres termes, il revient aux représentants du peuple de déterminer les conditions dans lesquelles ce droit est exercé. Ainsi, la liberté de recourir à l’IVG sera protégée de façon pérenne, tout en continuant à être encadrée démocratiquement.D’autre part, l’emploi d’une formule positive permet d’assurer la constitutionnalité de plusieurs dispositions importantes de notre droit, notamment la clause de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes.Résolument attaché à la liberté de choisir, le groupe [GROUPE] sera toujours guidé par la volonté d’empêcher toute remise en cause de l’équilibre défini par la loi Veil. Parce qu’il confère à cet équilibre une assurance solennelle et un caractère irréversible que rien ne pourra entraver ou défaire, nous voterons en faveur de ce projet de loi, dans sa rédaction initiale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, RE et Dem. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794778",
   "speaker": "Sandra Regol",
   "quality": "Mme Sandra Regol",
   "role": "depute",
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   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351222",
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   "order": 612,
   "text": "Depuis bientôt cinquante ans, les femmes ont acquis, par la loi Veil, le droit de recourir à l’IVG ; pourtant elles se sentent toujours obligées de se justifier. Depuis cinquante ans, cette justification permanente – n’en déplaise à ceux qui prétendent que rien n’est en danger – rappelle que rien n’est gagné ni acquis.Les manifestations contre nos droits, les agressions à proximité des centres IVG, les attaques récurrentes contre le Planning familial, tout cela rappelle cruellement que malgré l’obtention d’un droit, rien n’est jamais acquis.Pourtant, le droit à l’IVG est une conquête féministe – j’insiste sur ce mot – qui instaure le droit des femmes en France : le droit à disposer de leur corps et par conséquent de leur vie. Il ne s’agit pas d’un combat récent ; il a été mené par nos aînées, ces féministes que l’on vilipendait parce que leur verbe était trop haut, ces avorteuses, ces faiseuses d’anges qui étaient poursuivies par la justice, et dont l’histoire reconnaît aujourd’hui l’apport car elles ont, en réalité, sauvé des vies entières.Ces femmes qui « n’étaient rien », mais qui, ensemble, faisaient front, ont œuvré pour que leur sororité nous permette d’en être là aujourd’hui. Merci à elles, qui ont tracé ce sillon (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES. – Mme Sarah Tanzilli applaudit également), et à celles qui reprennent le flambeau. Je sais qu’elles sont nombreuses dans ces travées et dans les tribunes cet après-midi.Ces femmes ont tracé le sillon qui nous conduit à délibérer sur ce texte, qui constitue une suite à leur travail. En aucune manière, il ne s’agit d’un point final, ce que je regrette : ce n’est qu’une étape dans le long processus de notre « empouvoirement », c’est-à-dire de l’égalité.À tout moment, nos droits peuvent être menacés dès lors qu’ils ne sont pas institués. On pense naturellement aux États-Unis, à la Pologne – nos collègues en ont parlé –, à tous ces pays où, en réalité, c’est une bascule politique qui produit une fracture dans le socle des droits fondamentaux. En pareil cas, les femmes sont toujours les premières victimes. J’insiste, ce sont bien des bascules politiques conjoncturelles qui défont les libertés durement acquises.Cette réalité concerne aussi la France, où des sites incitent les femmes à culpabiliser ou à renoncer à leurs droits, où des déserts médicaux rendent l’accès à l’IVG inégalitaire sur le territoire, et où certains médecins refusent de pratiquer cette intervention ou culpabilisent les femmes. Directement ou indirectement, nous avons toutes connu cette honte que nous ne ressentions pas, mais que certains se sont sentis en droit de nous imposer. Cela passe par nos proches, par nos familles, par notre entourage. Cette honte-là doit changer de camp.Je le répète, les moments de bascule dont je parle ont pour point commun d’être politiques et issus des réactionnaires, toujours prêts à empêcher les femmes de disposer de leur corps et de leur vie, de décider de leur avenir, et à vouloir les rendre dépendantes. Ici même, nous avons une nouvelle fois dû subir, venus de ma droite, ces discours qui font toujours passer les femmes au dernier plan et qui ne cessent de renier nos droits. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)À cet égard, certains, et pas qu’à ma droite, persistent à vouloir légiférer sur le ventre des femmes, nous jouant une mauvaise reprise de La Servante écarlate, afin de nous obliger à produire selon des quotas. Ce sont les mêmes qui opposent les droits des femmes à ceux des fœtus et qui refusent de construire l’histoire parce que c’est la nôtre : celle des femmes.À nos collègues qui s’inquiètent sincèrement des possibles conséquences du texte, je le redis : constitutionnaliser, ce n’est pas banaliser. C’est sanctuariser un droit, en l’occurrence celui des femmes. Ce n’est pas démultiplier les recours à l’IVG. Ce n’est pas nier le choix de celles qui ne veulent pas avorter. C’est s’assurer que, quoi qu’il arrive, le droit n’ira pas à rebours ; s’assurer que nos droits ne régresseront pas. C’est aussi inscrire la France dans l’histoire en faisant de notre pays le premier à agir en faveur d’une constitutionnalisation.Certes, nous préférions le travail commencé par des femmes : Mmes Panot, Vogel et Bergé. Elles ont été capables de travailler ensemble et sans elles nous n’aurions pas de projet de loi constitutionnelle à examiner. Certes, nous préférions la formulation proposée par Mathilde Panot, qui permettait de garantir l’accès aussi bien à l’IVG qu’à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.) Si nous défendrons des amendements en ce sens, nous ne viserons qu’un seul objectif, qui sursoit à tout autre enjeu : construire notre histoire et constitutionnaliser cette liberté fondamentale de toutes les femmes, fût-ce seulement à l’article 34, fût-ce dans une rédaction revue à la baisse.Comme le rappelle « L’hymne des femmes », c’est debout que nous avons avancé et c’est debout que nous avancerons.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
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   "last_order": 612,
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   "direct": true,
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   "frames": "ALMQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis bientôt cinquante ans, les femmes ont acquis, par la loi Veil, le droit de recourir à l’IVG ; pourtant elles se sentent toujours obligées de se justifier. Depuis cinquante ans, cette justification permanente – n’en déplaise à ceux qui prétendent que rien n’est en danger – rappelle que rien n’est gagné ni acquis.Les manifestations contre nos droits, les agressions à proximité des centres IVG, les attaques récurrentes contre le Planning familial, tout cela rappelle cruellement que malgré l’obtention d’un droit, rien n’est jamais acquis.Pourtant, le droit à l’IVG est une conquête féministe – j’insiste sur ce mot – qui instaure le droit des femmes en France : le droit à disposer de leur corps et par conséquent de leur vie. Il ne s’agit pas d’un combat récent ; il a été mené par nos aînées, ces féministes que l’on vilipendait parce que leur verbe était trop haut, ces avorteuses, ces faiseuses d’anges qui étaient poursuivies par la justice, et dont l’histoire reconnaît aujourd’hui l’apport car elles ont, en réalité, sauvé des vies entières.Ces femmes qui « n’étaient rien », mais qui, ensemble, faisaient front, ont œuvré pour que leur sororité nous permette d’en être là aujourd’hui. Merci à elles, qui ont tracé ce sillon (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également), et à celles qui reprennent le flambeau. Je sais qu’elles sont nombreuses dans ces travées et dans les tribunes cet après-midi.Ces femmes ont tracé le sillon qui nous conduit à délibérer sur ce texte, qui constitue une suite à leur travail. En aucune manière, il ne s’agit d’un point final, ce que je regrette : ce n’est qu’une étape dans le long processus de notre « empouvoirement », c’est-à-dire de l’égalité.À tout moment, nos droits peuvent être menacés dès lors qu’ils ne sont pas institués. On pense naturellement aux États-Unis, à la Pologne – nos collègues en ont parlé –, à tous ces pays où, en réalité, c’est une bascule politique qui produit une fracture dans le socle des droits fondamentaux. En pareil cas, les femmes sont toujours les premières victimes. J’insiste, ce sont bien des bascules politiques conjoncturelles qui défont les libertés durement acquises.Cette réalité concerne aussi la France, où des sites incitent les femmes à culpabiliser ou à renoncer à leurs droits, où des déserts médicaux rendent l’accès à l’IVG inégalitaire sur le territoire, et où certains médecins refusent de pratiquer cette intervention ou culpabilisent les femmes. Directement ou indirectement, nous avons toutes connu cette honte que nous ne ressentions pas, mais que certains se sont sentis en droit de nous imposer. Cela passe par nos proches, par nos familles, par notre entourage. Cette honte-là doit changer de camp.Je le répète, les moments de bascule dont je parle ont pour point commun d’être politiques et issus des réactionnaires, toujours prêts à empêcher les femmes de disposer de leur corps et de leur vie, de décider de leur avenir, et à vouloir les rendre dépendantes. Ici même, nous avons une nouvelle fois dû subir, venus de ma droite, ces discours qui font toujours passer les femmes au dernier plan et qui ne cessent de renier nos droits. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)À cet égard, certains, et pas qu’à ma droite, persistent à vouloir légiférer sur le ventre des femmes, nous jouant une mauvaise reprise de La Servante écarlate, afin de nous obliger à produire selon des quotas. Ce sont les mêmes qui opposent les droits des femmes à ceux des fœtus et qui refusent de construire l’histoire parce que c’est la nôtre : celle des femmes.À nos collègues qui s’inquiètent sincèrement des possibles conséquences du texte, je le redis : constitutionnaliser, ce n’est pas banaliser. C’est sanctuariser un droit, en l’occurrence celui des femmes. Ce n’est pas démultiplier les recours à l’IVG. Ce n’est pas nier le choix de celles qui ne veulent pas avorter. C’est s’assurer que, quoi qu’il arrive, le droit n’ira pas à rebours ; s’assurer que nos droits ne régresseront pas. C’est aussi inscrire la France dans l’histoire en faisant de notre pays le premier à agir en faveur d’une constitutionnalisation.Certes, nous préférions le travail commencé par des femmes : Mmes Panot, Vogel et Bergé. Elles ont été capables de travailler ensemble et sans elles nous n’aurions pas de projet de loi constitutionnelle à examiner. Certes, nous préférions la formulation proposée par [PERSONNE], qui permettait de garantir l’accès aussi bien à l’IVG qu’à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Si nous défendrons des amendements en ce sens, nous ne viserons qu’un seul objectif, qui sursoit à tout autre enjeu : construire notre histoire et constitutionnaliser cette liberté fondamentale de toutes les femmes, fût-ce seulement à l’article 34, fût-ce dans une rédaction revue à la baisse.Comme le rappelle « L’hymne des femmes », c’est debout que nous avons avancé et c’est debout que nous avancerons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794778",
   "speaker": "Sandra Regol",
   "quality": "Mme Sandra Regol",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349828",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349828"
   ],
   "order": 625,
   "text": "Ne ratons pas ce rendez-vous avec l’histoire : constitutionnalisons l’IVG et continuons ce combat ensemble. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE. – M. Ian Boucard, Mme Michèle Peyron et Mme Sarah Tanzilli applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 625,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349828",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 46,
   "annotation_id": "N011c03558371",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ne ratons pas ce rendez-vous avec l’histoire : constitutionnalisons l’IVG et continuons ce combat ensemble. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE. – M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349830",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349830"
   ],
   "order": 627,
   "text": "Ce texte, qui vise à constitutionnaliser le droit à l’avortement, est le fruit d’une longue lutte féministe, laquelle devra évidemment se poursuivre.En préambule, je tiens à dire que c’est pour moi un honneur de prononcer, au nom du groupe Gauche démocrate et républicaine-NUPES, cette intervention en faveur de cette constitutionnalisation. J’ai une pensée pour toutes les femmes qui, dans les collectifs et les associations, ont mené cette lutte acharnée grâce à laquelle nous en sommes là aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Erwan Balanant applaudit également.)J’adresse aussi mes remerciements amicaux aux parlementaires qui ont défendu cette revendication à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, je pense notamment à Mathilde Panot, Albane Gaillot, Marie-Noëlle Battistel, Erwan Balanant, Marie-Charlotte Garin, ou encore à Mélanie Vogel et Guillaume Gouffier Valente. (Mêmes mouvements.)Enfin, je veux adresser toute ma solidarité et mon soutien aux femmes qui défendent ce droit à travers le monde et qui, en retour, subissent harcèlement, stigmatisation, violences physiques et procès. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, Dem, SOC et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Ian Boucard applaudit également.)Ce texte, j’en suis convaincue, n’est pas vain, ni cosmétique. Il est profondément politique, car nos corps le sont, en particulier ceux des femmes tant ils sont scrutés, réglementés, sous contrôle. Ce texte est également utile à l’heure de la montée en puissance de fascismes en Europe.Le droit à l’IVG est un droit bafoué dans de nombreux pays, y compris chez certains de nos voisins européens. D’autres l’ont dit avant moi, la Pologne a adopté une interdiction quasi totale de l’avortement en octobre 2021, tandis que la Hongrie a voté une loi qui oblige les femmes à écouter les battements du cœur de leur fœtus avant de subir une interruption de grossesse.En matière de droits des femmes, il y a une constante à l’extrême droite qui consiste à combattre et à mépriser toutes celles qui les défendent. Il n’y a pas si longtemps, Marine Le Pen parlait encore d’IVG de confort…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 627,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349830",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 334,
   "annotation_id": "N555402b12337",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte, qui vise à constitutionnaliser le droit à l’avortement, est le fruit d’une longue lutte féministe, laquelle devra évidemment se poursuivre.En préambule, je tiens à dire que c’est pour moi un honneur de prononcer, au nom du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], cette intervention en faveur de cette constitutionnalisation. J’ai une pensée pour toutes les femmes qui, dans les collectifs et les associations, ont mené cette lutte acharnée grâce à laquelle nous en sommes là aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)J’adresse aussi mes remerciements amicaux aux parlementaires qui ont défendu cette revendication à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, je pense notamment à [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE], ou encore à [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE]. (Mêmes mouvements.)Enfin, je veux adresser toute ma solidarité et mon soutien aux femmes qui défendent ce droit à travers le monde et qui, en retour, subissent harcèlement, stigmatisation, violences physiques et procès. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], Dem, [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Ce texte, j’en suis convaincue, n’est pas vain, ni cosmétique. Il est profondément politique, car nos corps le sont, en particulier ceux des femmes tant ils sont scrutés, réglementés, sous contrôle. Ce texte est également utile à l’heure de la montée en puissance de fascismes en Europe.Le droit à l’IVG est un droit bafoué dans de nombreux pays, y compris chez certains de nos voisins européens. D’autres l’ont dit avant moi, la Pologne a adopté une interdiction quasi totale de l’avortement en octobre 2021, tandis que la Hongrie a voté une loi qui oblige les femmes à écouter les battements du cœur de leur fœtus avant de subir une interruption de grossesse.En matière de droits des femmes, il y a une constante à l’extrême droite qui consiste à combattre et à mépriser toutes celles qui les défendent. Il n’y a pas si longtemps, [PERSONNE] parlait encore d’IVG de confort…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349838",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349838"
   ],
   "order": 635,
   "text": "…et n’hésitait pas à dire, écoutez bien : « Je refuse que des femmes se fassent avorter à plusieurs reprises quand d’autres au même moment doivent renoncer aux soins faute de moyens ».À l’Assemblée nationale comme au Parlement européen, les élus de son parti se sont presque unanimement et systématiquement opposés aux textes qui promeuvent l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES), que ces lois concernent l’égalité salariale, l’accès à la contraception, la lutte contre les violences faites aux femmes et les violences de genre, ou la promotion de la parité.Éric Zemmour a fait du combat contre le féminisme un combat contre la « dévirilisation de l’Occident » et contre le « grand remplacement ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 635,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349838",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "N536221ad13d4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et n’hésitait pas à dire, écoutez bien : « Je refuse que des femmes se fassent avorter à plusieurs reprises quand d’autres au même moment doivent renoncer aux soins faute de moyens ».À l’Assemblée nationale comme au Parlement européen, les élus de son parti se sont presque unanimement et systématiquement opposés aux textes qui promeuvent l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]), que ces lois concernent l’égalité salariale, l’accès à la contraception, la lutte contre les violences faites aux femmes et les violences de genre, ou la promotion de la parité.Éric Zemmour a fait du combat contre le féminisme un combat contre la « dévirilisation de l’Occident » et contre le « grand remplacement »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349844",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349844"
   ],
   "order": 641,
   "text": "L’extrême droite est bien un danger pour les droits des femmes.Ainsi, à ceux qui souhaitent classer le droit à l’IVG parmi les droits sociétaux, nous répondons que la liberté de disposer de son corps et les droits sexuels et reproductifs sont des droits fondamentaux à part entière et ont, à ce titre, toute leur place dans la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Aurélien Pradié applaudit également.) J’insiste, le droit de disposer de son corps est un droit fondamental, essentiel à la liberté individuelle. Il est donc une condition indispensable à l’existence de toutes les autres libertés.Il s’agit aussi d’une manière de se prémunir contre les politiques natalistes, qui font du ventre des femmes une variable d’ajustement démographique au mépris des droits fondamentaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 641,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349844",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 138,
   "annotation_id": "N7dd41bb5fce1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’extrême droite est bien un danger pour les droits des femmes.Ainsi, à ceux qui souhaitent classer le droit à l’IVG parmi les droits sociétaux, nous répondons que la liberté de disposer de son corps et les droits sexuels et reproductifs sont des droits fondamentaux à part entière et ont, à ce titre, toute leur place dans la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) J’insiste, le droit de disposer de son corps est un droit fondamental, essentiel à la liberté individuelle. Il est donc une condition indispensable à l’existence de toutes les autres libertés.Il s’agit aussi d’une manière de se prémunir contre les politiques natalistes, qui font du ventre des femmes une variable d’ajustement démographique au mépris des droits fondamentaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349849",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349849"
   ],
   "order": 645,
   "text": "Rappelons-le, le droit d’avorter est une question de vie ou de mort. Selon l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), chaque année, dans le monde, 47 000 femmes meurent encore d’un avortement clandestin, soit une femme toutes les neuf minutes.Mes chers collègues, messieurs, les femmes qui veulent avorter avortent. C’est le cas depuis la nuit des temps. Lorsqu’elles n’en ont pas le droit, les femmes qui souhaitent avorter recourent à tous les moyens pour mettre fin à leur grossesse, quitte à mettre leur vie en péril en s’enfonçant une aiguille, de l’eau savonneuse ou du persil dans l’utérus, en se mutilant le ventre, ou encore en ingérant de l’acide.Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est attendu de longue date par les associations et plus généralement par celles et ceux qui souhaitent s’assurer de la protection absolue de ce droit, en particulier depuis l’annulation, par la Cour suprême américaine, de l’arrêt Roe vs Wade – annulation qui a eu une résonance internationale. En effet, dans certains pays tels que le Kenya, le Nigeria, l’Éthiopie ou l’Inde, des mouvements antiavortement ont saisi cette occasion pour interrompre des processus législatifs progressistes en faveur des droits sexuels et reproductifs. En définitive, les régressions comme les conquêtes ont une résonance mondiale.En France, ce séisme américain a rouvert le débat autour de la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG. Selon un sondage de février 2021 conduit pour la Fondation des femmes et le Planning familial, 93 % des Français se disent attachés au droit à l’avortement. Et selon un sondage mené en juillet 2022 pour la Fondation Jean-Jaurès, 81 % des Français sont favorables à la constitutionnalisation de ce droit. (MM. Benjamin Lucas et Damien Maudet applaudissent.)Toutefois, cela ne réduit pas la vigueur de l’action des associations antiavortement, qui sont abreuvées de financements opaques. Selon un rapport de 2021 du Forum parlementaire européen pour les droits sexuels et reproductifs, entre 2009 et 2018, près de 707 millions de dollars ont été versés aux mouvements anti-droits des femmes et antiavortement en Europe, la France faisant partie de leurs cibles prioritaires.Ces associations s’offrent des campagnes régulières et d’ampleur. Manifestations anti-IVG, diffusion de fausses informations auprès des femmes sur internet, mobilisation d’élus conservateurs : les antiavortement redoublent d’idées pour empêcher les femmes d’avorter.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 645,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349849",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 371,
   "annotation_id": "N9ce20494a867",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IJQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Rappelons-le, le droit d’avorter est une question de vie ou de mort. Selon l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), chaque année, dans le monde, 47 000 femmes meurent encore d’un avortement clandestin, soit une femme toutes les neuf minutes.Mes chers collègues, messieurs, les femmes qui veulent avorter avortent. C’est le cas depuis la nuit des temps. Lorsqu’elles n’en ont pas le droit, les femmes qui souhaitent avorter recourent à tous les moyens pour mettre fin à leur grossesse, quitte à mettre leur vie en péril en s’enfonçant une aiguille, de l’eau savonneuse ou du persil dans l’utérus, en se mutilant le ventre, ou encore en ingérant de l’acide.Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est attendu de longue date par les associations et plus généralement par celles et ceux qui souhaitent s’assurer de la protection absolue de ce droit, en particulier depuis l’annulation, par la Cour suprême américaine, de l’arrêt Roe vs Wade – annulation qui a eu une résonance internationale. En effet, dans certains pays tels que le Kenya, le Nigeria, l’Éthiopie ou l’Inde, des mouvements antiavortement ont saisi cette occasion pour interrompre des processus législatifs progressistes en faveur des droits sexuels et reproductifs. En définitive, les régressions comme les conquêtes ont une résonance mondiale.En France, ce séisme américain a rouvert le débat autour de la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG. Selon un sondage de février 2021 conduit pour la Fondation des femmes et le Planning familial, 93 % des Français se disent attachés au droit à l’avortement. Et selon un sondage mené en juillet 2022 pour la Fondation Jean-Jaurès, 81 % des Français sont favorables à la constitutionnalisation de ce droit. (MM. Benjamin Lucas et [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)Toutefois, cela ne réduit pas la vigueur de l’action des associations antiavortement, qui sont abreuvées de financements opaques. Selon un rapport de 2021 du Forum parlementaire européen pour les droits sexuels et reproductifs, entre 2009 et 2018, près de 707 millions de dollars ont été versés aux mouvements anti-droits des femmes et antiavortement en Europe, la France faisant partie de leurs cibles prioritaires.Ces associations s’offrent des campagnes régulières et d’ampleur. Manifestations anti-IVG, diffusion de fausses informations auprès des femmes sur internet, mobilisation d’élus conservateurs : les antiavortement redoublent d’idées pour empêcher les femmes d’avorter."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349856",
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   "order": 652,
   "text": "Je pense, entre autres, à la campagne coordonnée de pose d’autocollants sur des vélos à Paris, laquelle a parfaitement imité la charte graphique des Vélib afin de semer le doute chez les usagers.Les réseaux sociaux sont également devenus un lieu privilégié pour de telles campagnes, car le jeune public représente une cible de choix. Selon un rapport de la Fondation des femmes et de l’Institut pour le dialogue stratégique (ISD) publié en 2024, un cinquième des vidéos les plus recommandées sur Instagram concernant l’avortement contiennent des fausses informations, notamment sur la pilule contraceptive, des conseils de santé alternatifs, ou promeuvent le style de vie dit femmes au foyer.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 652,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349856",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N4b2c0932548e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je pense, entre autres, à la campagne coordonnée de pose d’autocollants sur des vélos à Paris, laquelle a parfaitement imité la charte graphique des Vélib afin de semer le doute chez les usagers.Les réseaux sociaux sont également devenus un lieu privilégié pour de telles campagnes, car le jeune public représente une cible de choix. Selon un rapport de la Fondation des femmes et de l’Institut pour le dialogue stratégique (ISD) publié en 2024, un cinquième des vidéos les plus recommandées sur Instagram concernant l’avortement contiennent des fausses informations, notamment sur la pilule contraceptive, des conseils de santé alternatifs, ou promeuvent le style de vie dit femmes au foyer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349859",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349859"
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   "order": 655,
   "text": "Je le dis sans ambages : le groupe GDR-NUPES votera ce texte avec détermination, même si nous pensons que la rédaction choisie est améliorable.En premier lieu, nous regrettons que le droit à la contraception ne soit pas mentionné, tant nous savons qu’il va de pair avec le droit à l’avortement. En effet, dans le monde, 225 millions de femmes qui souhaiteraient différer ou éviter une grossesse n’ont pas accès à une contraception sûre et efficace. Nous savons qu’il s’agit là également d’une arme de choix des anti-IVG pour s’attaquer au ventre des femmes.Deuxièmement, le terme « garantie » va dans le bon sens, en ce qu’il sous-tend que l’État doit prendre les mesures nécessaires pour assurer la bonne application du droit à l’IVG. Cependant, si ce dernier ne peut être supprimé, la rédaction retenue laisse la possibilité d’ajouter des conditions à son exercice, pour le meilleur comme pour le pire. Voilà pourquoi nous défendrons un amendement visant à revenir à la formulation issue du travail parlementaire transpartisan mené à l’Assemblée nationale.Par ailleurs, si le droit à l’IVG est en danger, c’est également à cause des restrictions de personnels dans les hôpitaux publics et des suppressions de centres d’orthogénie. Au total, 130 centres pratiquant l’IVG ont été fermés ces quinze dernières années et d’autres sont menacés. Les personnes en situation de pauvreté ou d’exclusion, les migrants et les personnes mineures en sont les premières victimes. Oui, il y a bien là une question de classe, madame Bergé. Lors du procès de Bobigny, Gisèle Halimi nous avertissait d’ailleurs sur ce point : « C’est toujours la même classe, celle des femmes pauvres, vulnérables économiquement et socialement, cette classe des sans-argent et des sans-relations qui est frappée. » (Mme Cyrielle Chatelain applaudit.)Le droit à l’IVG existe désormais, mais le manque de moyens en fait un droit moins accessible pour les plus précaires. Nous l’avons constaté pendant la crise du covid, mais le phénomène perdure. Les associations l’affirment : dans certains territoires, certaines semaines, il est impossible de faire des avortements en raison de la démographie des professionnels ou parce qu’on se trouve en période estivale. Il apparaît donc que la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG nous oblige – et vous oblige – à prendre en compte la nécessaire hausse des moyens.Pour conclure, je souhaite m’adresser aux collègues du Sénat. À l’Assemblée, nous avons d’abord réalisé un travail transpartisan, qui a conduit chacun et chacune à faire des compromis. Et après le travail du Sénat, nous faisons de nouveau des compromis pour permettre la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 655,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349859",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 425,
   "annotation_id": "Ne64ae03312f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je le dis sans ambages : le groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] votera ce texte avec détermination, même si nous pensons que la rédaction choisie est améliorable.En premier lieu, nous regrettons que le droit à la contraception ne soit pas mentionné, tant nous savons qu’il va de pair avec le droit à l’avortement. En effet, dans le monde, 225 millions de femmes qui souhaiteraient différer ou éviter une grossesse n’ont pas accès à une contraception sûre et efficace. Nous savons qu’il s’agit là également d’une arme de choix des anti-IVG pour s’attaquer au ventre des femmes.Deuxièmement, le terme « garantie » va dans le bon sens, en ce qu’il sous-tend que l’État doit prendre les mesures nécessaires pour assurer la bonne application du droit à l’IVG. Cependant, si ce dernier ne peut être supprimé, la rédaction retenue laisse la possibilité d’ajouter des conditions à son exercice, pour le meilleur comme pour le pire. Voilà pourquoi nous défendrons un amendement visant à revenir à la formulation issue du travail parlementaire transpartisan mené à l’Assemblée nationale.Par ailleurs, si le droit à l’IVG est en danger, c’est également à cause des restrictions de personnels dans les hôpitaux publics et des suppressions de centres d’orthogénie. Au total, 130 centres pratiquant l’IVG ont été fermés ces quinze dernières années et d’autres sont menacés. Les personnes en situation de pauvreté ou d’exclusion, les migrants et les personnes mineures en sont les premières victimes. Oui, il y a bien là une question de classe, madame Bergé. Lors du procès de Bobigny, Gisèle Halimi nous avertissait d’ailleurs sur ce point : « C’est toujours la même classe, celle des femmes pauvres, vulnérables économiquement et socialement, cette classe des sans-argent et des sans-relations qui est frappée. » (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Le droit à l’IVG existe désormais, mais le manque de moyens en fait un droit moins accessible pour les plus précaires. Nous l’avons constaté pendant la crise du covid, mais le phénomène perdure. Les associations l’affirment : dans certains territoires, certaines semaines, il est impossible de faire des avortements en raison de la démographie des professionnels ou parce qu’on se trouve en période estivale. Il apparaît donc que la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG nous oblige – et vous oblige – à prendre en compte la nécessaire hausse des moyens.Pour conclure, je souhaite m’adresser aux collègues du Sénat. À l’Assemblée, nous avons d’abord réalisé un travail transpartisan, qui a conduit chacun et chacune à faire des compromis. Et après le travail du Sénat, nous faisons de nouveau des compromis pour permettre la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349866",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349866"
   ],
   "order": 662,
   "text": "Je rappelle donc aux sénateurs et sénatrices qu’eux aussi doivent faire œuvre de compromis pour que le processus aboutisse. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – M. le rapporteur applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 662,
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349866",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 46,
   "annotation_id": "Na089e503fd9c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle donc aux sénateurs et sénatrices qu’eux aussi doivent faire œuvre de compromis pour que le processus aboutisse. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – M. le rapporteur applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349869",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3349869"
   ],
   "order": 665,
   "text": "Vous l’aurez compris, nous considérons que ce texte est perfectible. En matière de droits des femmes, les luttes à mener sont toujours nombreuses. J’espère donc sincèrement que, très vite, nous pourrons dédier cette conquête historique à toutes celles qui se sont battues et qui continuent de se battre à travers le monde pour le droit à l’IVG et à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES, M. Benjamin Lucas s’étant levé, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – M. Aurélien Pradié applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 665,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349869",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N066824d1e4c6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous l’aurez compris, nous considérons que ce texte est perfectible. En matière de droits des femmes, les luttes à mener sont toujours nombreuses. J’espère donc sincèrement que, très vite, nous pourrons dédier cette conquête historique à toutes celles qui se sont battues et qui continuent de se battre à travers le monde pour le droit à l’IVG et à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE], M. Benjamin Lucas s’étant levé, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349871",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 667,
   "text": "« Un million de femmes se font avorter chaque année en France. Elles le font dans des conditions dangereuses en raison de la clandestinité à laquelle elles sont condamnées, alors que cette opération, pratiquée sous contrôle médical, est des plus simples. On fait le silence sur ces millions de femmes. Je déclare que je suis l’une d’elles. Je déclare avoir avorté. De même que nous réclamons le libre accès aux moyens anticonceptionnels, nous réclamons l’avortement libre. » Ces mots datent de 1971, alors que le manifeste des 343 personnalités célèbres ou anonymes appelle à la légalisation de l’avortement en France.Nous sommes collectivement les héritiers et les héritières de celles qui nous ont précédés pour avoir le droit d’avorter dans de bonnes conditions. Je commencerai par dire « Merci » : merci Simone, merci Gisèle, merci Monique, merci Delphine, Christiane, merci au Mouvement de libération des femmes, merci au Mouvement pour la liberté de l’avortement et de la contraception, merci à toutes les associations pour leur travail (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem), merci à toutes les femmes politiques qui ont relayé ce travail, et merci à toutes celles et ceux qui ont œuvré inlassablement pour sauver la vie des femmes ayant eu besoin de l’avortement.C’est l’histoire avec un grand H, celle qui s’écrit au féminin dans les contreforts des grands discours, la mobilisation de milliers de femmes qui, dans l’illégalité, ont permis aux autres femmes d’avorter, qui ont tenu la main des plus jeunes, calmé les angoisses, apporté des réponses, répondu à la détresse, pris des risques pour que celles qui ne voulaient pas, celles qui ne pouvaient pas, puissent choisir librement, dans une société qui les en empêchait, si elles voulaient ou non avoir un enfant.Parce que la pilule n’a pas marché, parce que le préservatif a craqué, parce qu’on a oublié, parce que la vie est trop chère, trop dure, pour construire une famille, parce que le corps ne peut pas, parce que le cœur ne veut pas, parce que, toujours, cela doit rester un choix.Que celles qui veulent avorter le puissent, que celles qui ne le veulent pas s’en abstiennent et que tous ceux qui disent vouloir défendre la vie permettent l’accès massif à la contraception, à l’éducation à la vie sexuelle et affective, et l’implication à égalité des deux parents ; qu’ils accompagnent les familles, soutiennent des politiques plus justes pour les plus précaires et les familles monoparentales – au sein desquelles on trouve souvent des femmes ; qu’ils financent le planning familial et toutes les associations de terrain qui se battent pour la santé des femmes, qu’ils agissent enfin pour garantir un accès à l’IVG et à la santé sexuelle et reproductive sur tout le territoire, sans exception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES. – Mme Maud Petit et M. Freddy Sertin applaudissent également.)On ne naît pas femme, mais on peut en mourir quand on n’a pas accès à des soins de qualité près de chez soi. Rendre plus difficile l’accès à l’avortement pour les femmes n’entraînera pas une baisse du nombre d’avortements en France, mais une hausse du nombre de femmes qui en meurent.Aujourd’hui, parce que la loi a changé hier, ne pas mourir quand on avorte, c’est la réalité d’Alice, de Mathilde, de Samia, de Laura, de Christelle, de nos mères, de nos sœurs, de vos filles et de tant d’autres anonymes qui ne nous doivent rien, ni à nous, ni à personne : pas une explication, pas une excuse, puisqu’elles ont un droit, celui de choisir.Celui de dire non au réarmement démographique, non aux politiques natalistes qui instrumentalisent nos corps et ébranlent nos libertés. Notre pays ne peut pas se ranger aux côtés des États-Unis de Trump ou de la Hongrie d’Orbán.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 667,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3349871",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 639,
   "annotation_id": "N2ec108feca1f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALMQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "« Un million de femmes se font avorter chaque année en France. Elles le font dans des conditions dangereuses en raison de la clandestinité à laquelle elles sont condamnées, alors que cette opération, pratiquée sous contrôle médical, est des plus simples. On fait le silence sur ces millions de femmes. Je déclare que je suis l’une d’elles. Je déclare avoir avorté. De même que nous réclamons le libre accès aux moyens anticonceptionnels, nous réclamons l’avortement libre. » Ces mots datent de 1971, alors que le manifeste des 343 personnalités célèbres ou anonymes appelle à la légalisation de l’avortement en France.Nous sommes collectivement les héritiers et les héritières de celles qui nous ont précédés pour avoir le droit d’avorter dans de bonnes conditions. Je commencerai par dire « Merci » : merci Simone, merci Gisèle, merci Monique, merci Delphine, Christiane, merci au Mouvement de libération des femmes, merci au Mouvement pour la liberté de l’avortement et de la contraception, merci à toutes les associations pour leur travail (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem), merci à toutes les femmes politiques qui ont relayé ce travail, et merci à toutes celles et ceux qui ont œuvré inlassablement pour sauver la vie des femmes ayant eu besoin de l’avortement.C’est l’histoire avec un grand H, celle qui s’écrit au féminin dans les contreforts des grands discours, la mobilisation de milliers de femmes qui, dans l’illégalité, ont permis aux autres femmes d’avorter, qui ont tenu la main des plus jeunes, calmé les angoisses, apporté des réponses, répondu à la détresse, pris des risques pour que celles qui ne voulaient pas, celles qui ne pouvaient pas, puissent choisir librement, dans une société qui les en empêchait, si elles voulaient ou non avoir un enfant.Parce que la pilule n’a pas marché, parce que le préservatif a craqué, parce qu’on a oublié, parce que la vie est trop chère, trop dure, pour construire une famille, parce que le corps ne peut pas, parce que le cœur ne veut pas, parce que, toujours, cela doit rester un choix.Que celles qui veulent avorter le puissent, que celles qui ne le veulent pas s’en abstiennent et que tous ceux qui disent vouloir défendre la vie permettent l’accès massif à la contraception, à l’éducation à la vie sexuelle et affective, et l’implication à égalité des deux parents ; qu’ils accompagnent les familles, soutiennent des politiques plus justes pour les plus précaires et les familles monoparentales – au sein desquelles on trouve souvent des femmes ; qu’ils financent le planning familial et toutes les associations de terrain qui se battent pour la santé des femmes, qu’ils agissent enfin pour garantir un accès à l’IVG et à la santé sexuelle et reproductive sur tout le territoire, sans exception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)On ne naît pas femme, mais on peut en mourir quand on n’a pas accès à des soins de qualité près de chez soi. Rendre plus difficile l’accès à l’avortement pour les femmes n’entraînera pas une baisse du nombre d’avortements en France, mais une hausse du nombre de femmes qui en meurent.Aujourd’hui, parce que la loi a changé hier, ne pas mourir quand on avorte, c’est la réalité d’Alice, de Mathilde, de Samia, de Laura, de Christelle, de nos mères, de nos sœurs, de vos filles et de tant d’autres anonymes qui ne nous doivent rien, ni à nous, ni à personne : pas une explication, pas une excuse, puisqu’elles ont un droit, celui de choisir.Celui de dire non au réarmement démographique, non aux politiques natalistes qui instrumentalisent nos corps et ébranlent nos libertés. Notre pays ne peut pas se ranger aux côtés des États-Unis de Trump ou de la Hongrie d’Orbán."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350071",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350071"
   ],
   "order": 676,
   "text": "Il nous faut être responsables et construire des digues pour protéger nos droits fondamentaux face à la montée de la boue fasciste partout en Europe. Les corbeaux sont à nos portes et nous ne leur laisserons pas nos corps. Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, c’est dire à nos petites sœurs que si, notre vie durant, nous devons nous battre pour nos droits, plus jamais elles n’auront à se battre pour celui-là. Plus jamais ! Plus jamais inquiétées, plus jamais condamnées, plus jamais les cintres, plus jamais la peur, plus jamais la mort.Toujours la liberté, le droit à disposer de son corps ; toujours le choix, le choix, le choix… Le choix d’être mère ou pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES et sur quelques les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 676,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350071",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 140,
   "annotation_id": "N04e5dbcb6889",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il nous faut être responsables et construire des digues pour protéger nos droits fondamentaux face à la montée de la boue fasciste partout en Europe. Les corbeaux sont à nos portes et nous ne leur laisserons pas nos corps. Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, c’est dire à nos petites sœurs que si, notre vie durant, nous devons nous battre pour nos droits, plus jamais elles n’auront à se battre pour celui-là. Plus jamais ! Plus jamais inquiétées, plus jamais condamnées, plus jamais les cintres, plus jamais la peur, plus jamais la mort.Toujours la liberté, le droit à disposer de son corps ; toujours le choix, le choix, le choix… Le choix d’être mère ou pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur quelques les bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350074",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350074"
   ],
   "order": 679,
   "text": "En me tenant devant vous aujourd’hui, je suis consciente de la gravité du sujet qui nous occupe. Nous sommes ici pour discuter non pas de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en tant que telle, mais de sa place dans notre Constitution, sanctuaire national, fondement de nos valeurs et de notre identité en tant que peuple français.J’entends déjà les tenants de la pensée unique nous expliquer que ceux qui s’opposent à ce texte sont contre l’IVG. C’est faux, et je vais m’en expliquer.La question de la nécessité de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle visant à graver dans le marbre le droit à l’avortement se pose : quelle est l’utilité d’inscrire dans notre Constitution un droit qui n’a jamais été sérieusement contesté au sein de notre pays ? (Mme Elsa Faucillon et M. Benjamin Lucas s’exclament.)À quoi tout cela rime-t-il ? Est-ce ainsi que nous utilisons au mieux notre temps législatif alors que nous devrions agir pour traiter d’autres sujets de société criants et urgents ? Sommes-nous conscients que nous consacrons notre énergie à sacraliser un droit qui n’a jamais été réellement menacé ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 679,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350074",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 181,
   "annotation_id": "N1d222f90d181",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En me tenant devant vous aujourd’hui, je suis consciente de la gravité du sujet qui nous occupe. Nous sommes ici pour discuter non pas de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse en tant que telle, mais de sa place dans notre Constitution, sanctuaire national, fondement de nos valeurs et de notre identité en tant que peuple français.J’entends déjà les tenants de la pensée unique nous expliquer que ceux qui s’opposent à ce texte sont contre l’IVG. C’est faux, et je vais m’en expliquer.La question de la nécessité de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle visant à graver dans le marbre le droit à l’avortement se pose : quelle est l’utilité d’inscrire dans notre Constitution un droit qui n’a jamais été sérieusement contesté au sein de notre pays ? (Mme [PERSONNE] et M. Benjamin Lucas s’exclament.)À quoi tout cela rime-t-il ? Est-ce ainsi que nous utilisons au mieux notre temps législatif alors que nous devrions agir pour traiter d’autres sujets de société criants et urgents ? Sommes-nous conscients que nous consacrons notre énergie à sacraliser un droit qui n’a jamais été réellement menacé ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350261",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350261"
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   "order": 686,
   "text": "Nous devrions plutôt nous saisir du véritable sujet de l’accompagnement des femmes qui font face aux drames de l’avortement. Il conviendrait de soutenir au mieux celles qui ont eu recours à cet acte de détresse. Car avorter n’est pas anodin. Tous les témoignages le confirment : si l’IVG est un droit, cela reste une blessure morale.En outre, il est désolant de constater que nous copions aveuglément les États-Unis, en estimant que tout ce qui est bon pour eux l’est aussi pour nous.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 686,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350261",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Nf127fe2096f5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous devrions plutôt nous saisir du véritable sujet de l’accompagnement des femmes qui font face aux drames de l’avortement. Il conviendrait de soutenir au mieux celles qui ont eu recours à cet acte de détresse. Car avorter n’est pas anodin. Tous les témoignages le confirment : si l’IVG est un droit, cela reste une blessure morale.En outre, il est désolant de constater que nous copions aveuglément les États-Unis, en estimant que tout ce qui est bon pour eux l’est aussi pour nous."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350082",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 689,
   "text": "La France, doit-on le rappeler, a sa propre histoire et sa propre identité, qui impliquent des solutions uniques et non automatiques. Ce texte inutile n’est qu’un écran de fumée destiné à occulter des problèmes bien plus pressants, sur lesquels les Français nous attendent. Notre pays est confronté à des défis majeurs, notre système éducatif est en péril, l’hôpital public à bout de souffle, l’insécurité nous ronge, nos aînés sont souvent négligés, les agriculteurs et les pêcheurs sont en colère…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 689,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350082",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N15ffb7b82abd",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La France, doit-on le rappeler, a sa propre histoire et sa propre identité, qui impliquent des solutions uniques et non automatiques. Ce texte inutile n’est qu’un écran de fumée destiné à occulter des problèmes bien plus pressants, sur lesquels les Français nous attendent. Notre pays est confronté à des défis majeurs, notre système éducatif est en péril, l’hôpital public à bout de souffle, l’insécurité nous ronge, nos aînés sont souvent négligés, les agriculteurs et les pêcheurs sont en colère…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350085",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350085"
   ],
   "order": 691,
   "text": "Pourtant, aujourd’hui, nous regardons ailleurs. La politique, au sens le plus noble, c’est aussi l’art de prioriser les problèmes les plus criants de notre société et d’y apporter des réponses empreintes de justice et d’audace.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 691,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350085",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N6bbf9fc1f789",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pourtant, aujourd’hui, nous regardons ailleurs. La politique, au sens le plus noble, c’est aussi l’art de prioriser les problèmes les plus criants de notre société et d’y apporter des réponses empreintes de justice et d’audace."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350087",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350087"
   ],
   "order": 693,
   "text": "Il y a quelques jours, le Président de la République prononçait une grande tirade sur les problèmes démographiques de la France et, au même moment, il veut sacraliser l’avortement. N’est-ce pas là tout le paradoxe du « en même temps » ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 693,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350087",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Neff7f875d2e7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a quelques jours, le Président de la République prononçait une grande tirade sur les problèmes démographiques de la France et, au même moment, il veut sacraliser l’avortement. N’est-ce pas là tout le paradoxe du « en même temps » ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350088",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350088"
   ],
   "order": 695,
   "text": "Trois réalités s’imposent : une dénatalité sans précédent depuis la dernière guerre, un triste record avec plus de 230 000 avortements en 2022, et une politique familiale inexistante depuis François Hollande.De plus en plus de femmes avortent alors qu’elles sont de moins en moins nombreuses à accoucher. Plutôt que de légiférer inutilement, pourquoi ne pas, plutôt, envisager enfin un grand plan Marshall pour encourager les naissances et la célébration de la vie ? (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RE.)Transmettons aux futures générations l’idéal de la vie, pas celui de la mort. Faisons renaître en elles un nouvel espoir !L’espoir que leurs enfants pourront grandir et s’épanouir dans une France sûre et résolument tournée vers un avenir plus prometteur.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 695,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350088",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "N684fada5d517",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Trois réalités s’imposent : une dénatalité sans précédent depuis la dernière guerre, un triste record avec plus de 230 000 avortements en 2022, et une politique familiale inexistante depuis [PERSONNE].De plus en plus de femmes avortent alors qu’elles sont de moins en moins nombreuses à accoucher. Plutôt que de légiférer inutilement, pourquoi ne pas, plutôt, envisager enfin un grand plan Marshall pour encourager les naissances et la célébration de la vie ? (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RE.)Transmettons aux futures générations l’idéal de la vie, pas celui de la mort. Faisons renaître en elles un nouvel espoir !L’espoir que leurs enfants pourront grandir et s’épanouir dans une France sûre et résolument tournée vers un avenir plus prometteur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350097",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350097"
   ],
   "order": 702,
   "text": "Notre devoir, en tant que représentants du peuple français, est d’agir avec sagesse et prévoyance, en accordant la priorité aux enjeux qui façonnent le quotidien et l’avenir de nos concitoyens plutôt qu’à des questions déjà résolues.La Constitution est le socle de notre République ; elle dicte les valeurs fondamentales qui doivent régir notre pays. Chacune de ses modifications doit être mûrement réfléchie, pesée, et empreinte de notre responsabilité envers les générations présentes et futures. Montesquieu n’estimait-il pas que nous ne devions y toucher que d’une main tremblante ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 702,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350097",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "Nb10e33c51c13",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Notre devoir, en tant que représentants du peuple français, est d’agir avec sagesse et prévoyance, en accordant la priorité aux enjeux qui façonnent le quotidien et l’avenir de nos concitoyens plutôt qu’à des questions déjà résolues.La Constitution est le socle de notre République ; elle dicte les valeurs fondamentales qui doivent régir notre pays. Chacune de ses modifications doit être mûrement réfléchie, pesée, et empreinte de notre responsabilité envers les générations présentes et futures. Montesquieu n’estimait-il pas que nous ne devions y toucher que d’une main tremblante ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350100",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350100"
   ],
   "order": 705,
   "text": "À défaut, nous nous rendrions coupables d’avoir ouvert la boîte de Pandore. Après mûre réflexion, en toute responsabilité, et convaincue que le socle de notre République ne doit pas être victime des coups de com’ de la majorité, je voterai contre cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 705,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350100",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N11aa76c49b8f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "À défaut, nous nous rendrions coupables d’avoir ouvert la boîte de Pandore. Après mûre réflexion, en toute responsabilité, et convaincue que le socle de notre République ne doit pas être victime des coups de com’ de la majorité, je voterai contre cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793688",
   "speaker": "Pascale Martin",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Martin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350107",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350107"
   ],
   "order": 712,
   "text": "Comme vous pouvez l’imaginer, la rédaction qui nous est proposée ne nous satisfait pas puisqu’elle exclut le droit à la contraception. Or nous souhaitions que ce droit soit inscrit dans la Constitution.On affirme que le droit à l’IVG n’est pas garanti en France pour l’avenir. C’est vrai ! Lisez en particulier les amendements déposés par le groupe Les Républicains – ils veulent que le délai de pratique de l’IVG revienne à douze semaines, ou interdire aux sages-femmes de pratiquer les IVG instrumentales.Lisez l’amendement de Mme Ménard ou celui de Mme Bordes qui évoquent le droit de l’embryon. Écoutez les propos hallucinants tenus par les députés du groupe RN sur l’IVG ces dernières années – ils vont jusqu’à parler d’IVG de confort et de génocide. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)Je le répète, le droit à l’IVG est en danger. C’est pourquoi nous devons le faire entrer dans la Constitution.Cela ne nous empêchera pas de travailler en parallèle afin de garantir l’accès effectif à ce droit et de lutter sans relâche contre les mouvements anti-IVG et pro-vie.Nous proposerons quelques amendements pour débattre de la contraception : c’est un sujet fondamental, pour nous, et pour les femmes qui vous remercieront de vos propos en leur faveur dans cet hémicycle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "3350105",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 712,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350107",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 219,
   "annotation_id": "N79d0c6549f2e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme vous pouvez l’imaginer, la rédaction qui nous est proposée ne nous satisfait pas puisqu’elle exclut le droit à la contraception. Or nous souhaitions que ce droit soit inscrit dans la Constitution.On affirme que le droit à l’IVG n’est pas garanti en France pour l’avenir. C’est vrai ! Lisez en particulier les amendements déposés par le groupe [GROUPE] – ils veulent que le délai de pratique de l’IVG revienne à douze semaines, ou interdire aux sages-femmes de pratiquer les IVG instrumentales.Lisez l’amendement de Mme Ménard ou celui de Mme Bordes qui évoquent le droit de l’embryon. Écoutez les propos hallucinants tenus par les députés du groupe [GROUPE] sur l’IVG ces dernières années – ils vont jusqu’à parler d’IVG de confort et de génocide. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Je le répète, le droit à l’IVG est en danger. C’est pourquoi nous devons le faire entrer dans la Constitution.Cela ne nous empêchera pas de travailler en parallèle afin de garantir l’accès effectif à ce droit et de lutter sans relâche contre les mouvements anti-IVG et pro-vie.Nous proposerons quelques amendements pour débattre de la contraception : c’est un sujet fondamental, pour nous, et pour les femmes qui vous remercieront de vos propos en leur faveur dans cet hémicycle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794810",
   "speaker": "Louise Morel",
   "quality": "Mme Louise Morel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350115",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350115"
   ],
   "order": 719,
   "text": "Avant l’examen des amendements et après avoir aussi entendu les quelques réticences qui se sont exprimées, je souhaite apporter ma contribution. Doit-on inscrire ce droit fondamental visant à protéger et à garantir l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans notre Constitution ? Bien entendu, je soutiens cette disposition, et je salue le travail des commissaires aux lois pour trouver la rédaction la plus juste possible.Chers collègues, dans la vie d’une femme, cette liberté constante à disposer de son corps est un droit fondamental, un droit qui doit être solidement protégé et mérite de se trouver au sommet de notre hiérarchie des normes, un droit qui a donc toute sa place dans la Constitution de la République française.Certains estiment qu’il s’agit d’un débat importé et que la liberté en question n’est pas menacée en France. C’est bien mal connaître le vécu de certaines femmes que le médecin contraint à écouter le cœur de l’enfant, ou qui ont des difficultés à trouver un praticien pour réaliser cet acte, encore en 2024.Ce ne sont pas des études qui inspirent ces propos, mais des témoignages que j’ai reçus personnellement : ces femmes vivent dans l’angoisse du temps qui passe, pour rester dans le délai légal, ce qui les traumatise, en particulier quand il s’agit de leur première grossesse.Notre pays compte évidemment avant tout des médecins et des professionnels à l’écoute, mais n’occultons pas les difficultés – sans parler des mouvements, bien trop nombreux, qui veulent revenir sur ce droit.En résumé, non seulement ce débat n’est pas importé, mais il est fondamental. S’il semble, après la discussion générale, que la majorité des membres de notre hémicycle soutienne ce texte, la majorité n’est pas certaine au Sénat. Je souhaite donc appeler tous les parlementaires à soutenir ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, afin de faire en sorte qu’aucune femme ne souffre de la remise en cause de ce droit dans le futur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, RE et HOR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "3350105",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 719,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350115",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 323,
   "annotation_id": "N947223b3348d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avant l’examen des amendements et après avoir aussi entendu les quelques réticences qui se sont exprimées, je souhaite apporter ma contribution. Doit-on inscrire ce droit fondamental visant à protéger et à garantir l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans notre Constitution ? Bien entendu, je soutiens cette disposition, et je salue le travail des commissaires aux lois pour trouver la rédaction la plus juste possible.Chers collègues, dans la vie d’une femme, cette liberté constante à disposer de son corps est un droit fondamental, un droit qui doit être solidement protégé et mérite de se trouver au sommet de notre hiérarchie des normes, un droit qui a donc toute sa place dans la Constitution de la République française.Certains estiment qu’il s’agit d’un débat importé et que la liberté en question n’est pas menacée en France. C’est bien mal connaître le vécu de certaines femmes que le médecin contraint à écouter le cœur de l’enfant, ou qui ont des difficultés à trouver un praticien pour réaliser cet acte, encore en 2024.Ce ne sont pas des études qui inspirent ces propos, mais des témoignages que j’ai reçus personnellement : ces femmes vivent dans l’angoisse du temps qui passe, pour rester dans le délai légal, ce qui les traumatise, en particulier quand il s’agit de leur première grossesse.Notre pays compte évidemment avant tout des médecins et des professionnels à l’écoute, mais n’occultons pas les difficultés – sans parler des mouvements, bien trop nombreux, qui veulent revenir sur ce droit.En résumé, non seulement ce débat n’est pas importé, mais il est fondamental. S’il semble, après la discussion générale, que la majorité des membres de notre hémicycle soutienne ce texte, la majorité n’est pas certaine au Sénat. Je souhaite donc appeler tous les parlementaires à soutenir ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, afin de faire en sorte qu’aucune femme ne souffre de la remise en cause de ce droit dans le futur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, RE et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350123",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350123"
   ],
   "order": 727,
   "text": "Je tenais à prendre la parole pour rappeler que ce jour est important et que cette séance est historique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.) Nous devons tous être fiers d’être ici aujourd’hui, même ceux qui s’opposent au texte, car nous attendions ce débat depuis quelques années.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "3350105",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 727,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350123",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "Nf016d3c470e1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tenais à prendre la parole pour rappeler que ce jour est important et que cette séance est historique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Nous devons tous être fiers d’être ici aujourd’hui, même ceux qui s’opposent au texte, car nous attendions ce débat depuis quelques années."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350126",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350126"
   ],
   "order": 730,
   "text": "Constitutionnaliser l’IVG est absolument indispensable car accéder à une interruption de grossesse est un droit fondamental pour toute personne qui en a besoin. Si l’article unique du projet de loi constitutionnelle que nous allons adopter n’est pas parfait, nous saurons faire des concessions et nous ferons un pas en avant. Nous nous obligerons à voter cet article.En outre, il est important de s’opposer fermement aux amendements des Républicains qui sont toujours là lorsqu’il s’agit d’entraver les avancées des femmes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "3350105",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 730,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350126",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N3cb19f7dbab8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Constitutionnaliser l’IVG est absolument indispensable car accéder à une interruption de grossesse est un droit fondamental pour toute personne qui en a besoin. Si l’article unique du projet de loi constitutionnelle que nous allons adopter n’est pas parfait, nous saurons faire des concessions et nous ferons un pas en avant. Nous nous obligerons à voter cet article.En outre, il est important de s’opposer fermement aux amendements des Républicains qui sont toujours là lorsqu’il s’agit d’entraver les avancées des femmes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350129",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350129"
   ],
   "order": 733,
   "text": "Ne se sont-ils pas fermement opposés à l’allongement du délai de pratique de l’IVG ? Ces combats, nous le savons, seront encore longs et compliqués.Je conclus en lançant un appel en faveur de l’accès à l’avortement. Aujourd’hui, toutes les femmes n’ont pas un égal accès en la matière. Je pense aux femmes les plus précaires, à celles qui vivent dans les territoires ruraux ou outre-mer.Le combat est encore long, mais nous allons le mener. Nous souhaitons que l’IVG soit inscrite dans la Constitution et qu’en France, toutes les femmes puissent accéder de manière égale et libre à l’avortement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "3350105",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 733,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350129",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 109,
   "annotation_id": "Na13bd601a9f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ne se sont-ils pas fermement opposés à l’allongement du délai de pratique de l’IVG ? Ces combats, nous le savons, seront encore longs et compliqués.Je conclus en lançant un appel en faveur de l’accès à l’avortement. Aujourd’hui, toutes les femmes n’ont pas un égal accès en la matière. Je pense aux femmes les plus précaires, à celles qui vivent dans les territoires ruraux ou outre-mer.Le combat est encore long, mais nous allons le mener. Nous souhaitons que l’IVG soit inscrite dans la Constitution et qu’en France, toutes les femmes puissent accéder de manière égale et libre à l’avortement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350267",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350267"
   ],
   "order": 738,
   "text": "Ce rappel au règlement se fonde sur l’article relatif à la bonne tenue de nos débats.Comme je l’ai dit, je m’opposerai à toute remarque diffamatoire prétendant que les Républicains dans leur ensemble, par leurs amendements, sont toujours prompts à réduire le droit à l’avortement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "3350105",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 738,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350267",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "Ne03700c4fbc3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce rappel au règlement se fonde sur l’article relatif à la bonne tenue de nos débats.Comme je l’ai dit, je m’opposerai à toute remarque diffamatoire prétendant que [GROUPE] dans leur ensemble, par leurs amendements, sont toujours prompts à réduire le droit à l’avortement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA736201",
   "speaker": "Sophie Taillé-Polian",
   "quality": "Mme Sophie Taillé-Polian",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350274",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350274"
   ],
   "order": 745,
   "text": "C’est avec quelque émotion que nous sommes rassemblés ici aujourd’hui pour poser une nouvelle pierre à la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG.Je tiens à remercier Mathilde Panot, les militantes d’aujourd’hui (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – M. le rapporteur et Mme Michèle Peyron applaudissent également), et Albane Gaillot, qui m’a précédée à l’Assemblée nationale comme députée de la onzième circonscription du Val-de-Marne et s’est beaucoup battue pour le droit à l’avortement.C’est aussi avec émotion que je pense à Élisabeth, ma tante, qui a eu le courage de dire publiquement « J’ai avorté » avec 342 autres femmes, dans Le Nouvel observateur, il y a plus de cinquante ans, se mettant hors-la-loi par solidarité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Mmes Marina Ferrari et Marie-Pierre Rixain applaudissent également.)Cette étape est d’autant plus cruciale qu’elle advient alors que l’obscurantisme et les forces réactionnaires s’organisent pour faire barrage au mouvement féministe. Je pense donc à ma fille – à toutes nos filles – avec la volonté de leur garantir qu’elles pourront consacrer leur énergie aux combats suivants, combats qui restent nombreux avant d’atteindre l’égalité.En Europe, nous assistons depuis plusieurs années à des remises en cause des droits fondamentaux des femmes. Notre pays n’est pas épargné par ce phénomène : il y a des groupuscules violents dans la rue, des écoles qui organisent le séparatisme de genre…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 745,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350274",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 235,
   "annotation_id": "Nbcc782ae5686",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est avec quelque émotion que nous sommes rassemblés ici aujourd’hui pour poser une nouvelle pierre à la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG.Je tiens à remercier [PERSONNE], les militantes d’aujourd’hui (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – M. le rapporteur et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent également), et [PERSONNE], qui m’a précédée à l’Assemblée nationale comme députée de la onzième circonscription du Val-de-Marne et s’est beaucoup battue pour le droit à l’avortement.C’est aussi avec émotion que je pense à Élisabeth, ma tante, qui a eu le courage de dire publiquement « J’ai avorté » avec 342 autres femmes, dans Le Nouvel observateur, il y a plus de cinquante ans, se mettant hors-la-loi par solidarité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mmes [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)Cette étape est d’autant plus cruciale qu’elle advient alors que l’obscurantisme et les forces réactionnaires s’organisent pour faire barrage au mouvement féministe. Je pense donc à ma fille – à toutes nos filles – avec la volonté de leur garantir qu’elles pourront consacrer leur énergie aux combats suivants, combats qui restent nombreux avant d’atteindre l’égalité.En Europe, nous assistons depuis plusieurs années à des remises en cause des droits fondamentaux des femmes. Notre pays n’est pas épargné par ce phénomène : il y a des groupuscules violents dans la rue, des écoles qui organisent le séparatisme de genre…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA736201",
   "speaker": "Sophie Taillé-Polian",
   "quality": "Mme Sophie Taillé-Polian",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350281",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350281"
   ],
   "order": 752,
   "text": "…et dont les enseignements dénigrent l’avortement, les difficultés persistantes que rencontrent un grand nombre de femmes pour accéder à l’avortement. J’ai aussi été surprise d’entendre le Président de la République dire récemment qu’il fallait que les ventres des femmes viennent au secours d’une civilisation qui serait en perdition. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.) Autant de mots qui résonnent comme des dissonances si l’on considère notre débat et les droits des femmes.À toutes celles et ceux qui pensent qu’il serait inutile de protéger davantage nos droits, je réponds qu’ils sont plus fragiles qu’il n’y paraît dans une société où l’extrême droite et son idéologie sont omniprésentes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 752,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350281",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "Nc6271ce78650",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et dont les enseignements dénigrent l’avortement, les difficultés persistantes que rencontrent un grand nombre de femmes pour accéder à l’avortement. J’ai aussi été surprise d’entendre le Président de la République dire récemment qu’il fallait que les ventres des femmes viennent au secours d’une civilisation qui serait en perdition. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.) Autant de mots qui résonnent comme des dissonances si l’on considère notre débat et les droits des femmes.À toutes celles et ceux qui pensent qu’il serait inutile de protéger davantage nos droits, je réponds qu’ils sont plus fragiles qu’il n’y paraît dans une société où l’extrême droite et son idéologie sont omniprésentes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA736201",
   "speaker": "Sophie Taillé-Polian",
   "quality": "Mme Sophie Taillé-Polian",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350285",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350285"
   ],
   "order": 755,
   "text": "Nous ne sommes pas alarmistes mais nous sommes vigilants, et nous serons donc présents et présentes pour constitutionnaliser l’IVG et faire ainsi de la France une pionnière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 755,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350285",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N076f896352dd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne sommes pas alarmistes mais nous sommes vigilants, et nous serons donc présents et présentes pour constitutionnaliser l’IVG et faire ainsi de la France une pionnière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722252",
   "speaker": "Marie-Pierre Rixain",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Pierre Rixain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350288",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350288"
   ],
   "order": 757,
   "text": "L’avortement est intrinsèquement un sujet de femmes : elles peuvent le vivre – ou non – dans leur chair.Je saluerai d’abord toutes ces femmes qui se sont battues, que ce soit dans la rue ou dans le cadre d’une association, mais aussi tous les professionnels de santé qui accompagnent celles qui avortent.Je salue également notre mobilisation politique, en particulier depuis 2017, et ce sur tous les bancs. Je pense notamment à Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel, auteure d’un rapport d’information qui fera date dans notre assemblée.L’avortement se situe au centre du nœud gordien de la liberté des femmes et de leur émancipation, qu’il s’agisse de l’émancipation de leur corps, de leur sexualité ou de leur fécondité. Les hommes ont voulu exercer sur cette dernière leur pouvoir et leur domination depuis des temps ancestraux. Reconnaître aux femmes le libre usage de leur corps, c’est desserrer ce nœud et faire disparaître les principaux freins et obstacles à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes.Posséder les corps féminins, faire main basse sur leur utérus, s’approprier la fécondité féminine, c’est aussi imposer aux femmes ce qui va avec : les confiner aux rôles de génitrice et de mère, donc à des tâches nourricières et d’entretien, mais également leur confisquer la moindre parcelle de pouvoir politique et économique, voire de savoir. De là, on en vient à nier aux femmes leur dimension de sujets à part entière, aptes à décider de leur sort, à œuvrer pour le bien commun et à contribuer à notre croissance.Protéger le droit à l’avortement permet donc de garantir aux femmes le pouvoir de disposer d’elles-mêmes et de leur corps, ainsi que de l’usage, procréatif ou non qui peut en être fait. L’inscription de l’avortement dans la Constitution fait donc entrer dans l’histoire l’autonomie des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 757,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350288",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 302,
   "annotation_id": "N2221372c9b77",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’avortement est intrinsèquement un sujet de femmes : elles peuvent le vivre – ou non – dans leur chair.Je saluerai d’abord toutes ces femmes qui se sont battues, que ce soit dans la rue ou dans le cadre d’une association, mais aussi tous les professionnels de santé qui accompagnent celles qui avortent.Je salue également notre mobilisation politique, en particulier depuis 2017, et ce sur tous les bancs. Je pense notamment à Mme [PERSONNE], auteure d’un rapport d’information qui fera date dans notre assemblée.L’avortement se situe au centre du nœud gordien de la liberté des femmes et de leur émancipation, qu’il s’agisse de l’émancipation de leur corps, de leur sexualité ou de leur fécondité. Les hommes ont voulu exercer sur cette dernière leur pouvoir et leur domination depuis des temps ancestraux. Reconnaître aux femmes le libre usage de leur corps, c’est desserrer ce nœud et faire disparaître les principaux freins et obstacles à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes.Posséder les corps féminins, faire main basse sur leur utérus, s’approprier la fécondité féminine, c’est aussi imposer aux femmes ce qui va avec : les confiner aux rôles de génitrice et de mère, donc à des tâches nourricières et d’entretien, mais également leur confisquer la moindre parcelle de pouvoir politique et économique, voire de savoir. De là, on en vient à nier aux femmes leur dimension de sujets à part entière, aptes à décider de leur sort, à œuvrer pour le bien commun et à contribuer à notre croissance.Protéger le droit à l’avortement permet donc de garantir aux femmes le pouvoir de disposer d’elles-mêmes et de leur corps, ainsi que de l’usage, procréatif ou non qui peut en être fait. L’inscription de l’avortement dans la Constitution fait donc entrer dans l’histoire l’autonomie des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350295",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350295"
   ],
   "order": 764,
   "text": "Avec l’examen des amendements, nous allons pouvoir entrer dans le vif du sujet et nous atteler à la rédaction du texte.Il faut dédramatiser le débat autour de ce projet de loi. J’ai à nouveau entendu parler de première historique.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 764,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350295",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "Nb77e7ccb1ef3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Avec l’examen des amendements, nous allons pouvoir entrer dans le vif du sujet et nous atteler à la rédaction du texte.Il faut dédramatiser le débat autour de ce projet de loi. J’ai à nouveau entendu parler de première historique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350298",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350298"
   ],
   "order": 767,
   "text": "Or, comme je l’ai indiqué à M. le garde des sceaux et à M. le rapporteur en commission des lois, il existe un précédent : il y a cinquante ans, l’article 191 de la nouvelle Constitution yougoslave de 1974 disposait que « c’est un droit de l’homme de décider librement de la naissance de ses enfants ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 767,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350298",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "N3a756325c29b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Or, comme je l’ai indiqué à M. le garde des sceaux et à M. le rapporteur en commission des lois, il existe un précédent : il y a cinquante ans, l’article 191 de la nouvelle Constitution yougoslave de 1974 disposait que « c’est un droit de l’homme de décider librement de la naissance de ses enfants »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350300",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350300"
   ],
   "order": 769,
   "text": "La Constitution de la Yougoslavie socialiste consacrait donc un droit à l’avortement en même temps qu’elle conférait des pouvoirs à vie au président Tito. (Murmures sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 769,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350300",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nb730f38ba1df",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La Constitution de la Yougoslavie [GROUPE] consacrait donc un droit à l’avortement en même temps qu’elle conférait des pouvoirs à vie au président Tito. (Murmures sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350302",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350302"
   ],
   "order": 771,
   "text": "Voilà qui relativise la portée historique de votre texte : contrairement à ce que vous prétendez, nous ne serons pas le premier pays à inscrire un droit à l’avortement ou une liberté d’avorter dans sa Constitution, mais le deuxième ! Vous vous en contenterez peut-être, mais cela met les choses en perspective.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 771,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350302",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "Ne1a7c26bd0e7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà qui relativise la portée historique de votre texte : contrairement à ce que vous prétendez, nous ne serons pas le premier pays à inscrire un droit à l’avortement ou une liberté d’avorter dans sa Constitution, mais le deuxième ! Vous vous en contenterez peut-être, mais cela met les choses en perspective."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350310",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350310"
   ],
   "order": 779,
   "text": "…avant d’être consacré par la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel.L’équilibre sera-t-il rompu par la révision constitutionnelle que vous proposez ? Les questions sont nombreuses à ce sujet. Nous allons maintenant les poser en défendant nos amendements. Nous attendons des réponses car elles serviront, comme tout notre débat, à l’interprétation de la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 779,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350310",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N4e1f8fbf6c78",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…avant d’être consacré par la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel.L’équilibre sera-t-il rompu par la révision constitutionnelle que vous proposez ? Les questions sont nombreuses à ce sujet. Nous allons maintenant les poser en défendant nos amendements. Nous attendons des réponses car elles serviront, comme tout notre débat, à l’interprétation de la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350312",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350312"
   ],
   "order": 782,
   "text": "Une précaution oratoire est de mise : il ne s’agit pas dans le débat qui nous occupe cet après-midi d’être pour ou contre l’IVG mais bien pour ou contre son inscription dans la Constitution.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 782,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350312",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "Nc7806dd112f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Une précaution oratoire est de mise : il ne s’agit pas dans le débat qui nous occupe cet après-midi d’être pour ou contre l’IVG mais bien pour ou contre son inscription dans la Constitution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350314",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350314"
   ],
   "order": 784,
   "text": "Pour ma part, je ne pense pas qu’elle soit opportune. Elle me paraît tout d’abord inutile. Certains députés, et même le Gouvernement, expliquent que l’IVG pourrait être un jour menacée en France ; mais par quoi, et par qui ? (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES. – Mme Véronique Riotton s’exclame également.) Toutes les modifications législatives depuis la loi de 1975 sont allées dans le sens de l’élargissement et de l’assouplissement des conditions requises pour avorter :…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 784,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350314",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "N8394b619a135",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ma part, je ne pense pas qu’elle soit opportune. Elle me paraît tout d’abord inutile. Certains députés, et même le Gouvernement, expliquent que l’IVG pourrait être un jour menacée en France ; mais par quoi, et par qui ? (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame également.) Toutes les modifications législatives depuis la loi de 1975 sont allées dans le sens de l’élargissement et de l’assouplissement des conditions requises pour avorter :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350316",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350316"
   ],
   "order": 786,
   "text": "…allongement des délais à deux reprises, suppression du délai de réflexion, du consentement parental pour les mineures, de la notion de détresse pour avorter, instauration du délit d’entrave, remboursement intégral…Aucun risque non plus, bien au contraire, de revirement de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, qui a toujours admis les différentes évolutions législatives.Ensuite, votre référence à l’arrêt de la Cour suprême des États-Unis rendu en 2022 pour justifier cette inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution me sidère, tant il est évident qu’importer en France un débat lié aux spécificités constitutionnelles des États-Unis, qui ne ressemblent en rien aux nôtres, est dépourvu de sens.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 786,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350316",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 102,
   "annotation_id": "N0724a175401b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…allongement des délais à deux reprises, suppression du délai de réflexion, du consentement parental pour les mineures, de la notion de détresse pour avorter, instauration du délit d’entrave, remboursement intégral…Aucun risque non plus, bien au contraire, de revirement de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, qui a toujours admis les différentes évolutions législatives.Ensuite, votre référence à l’arrêt de la Cour suprême des États-Unis rendu en 2022 pour justifier cette inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution me sidère, tant il est évident qu’importer en France un débat lié aux spécificités constitutionnelles des États-Unis, qui ne ressemblent en rien aux nôtres, est dépourvu de sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350320",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350320"
   ],
   "order": 790,
   "text": "Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution me paraît également dangereux : toucher à la Constitution pour une question sociétale comme l’avortement, c’est ouvrir le catalogue de tout ce qui vous paraîtra digne, à un moment donné, de devenir un droit inaliénable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 790,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350320",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "Na5334811a5de",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution me paraît également dangereux : toucher à la Constitution pour une question sociétale comme l’avortement, c’est ouvrir le catalogue de tout ce qui vous paraîtra digne, à un moment donné, de devenir un droit inaliénable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350322",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350322"
   ],
   "order": 792,
   "text": "En faisant de l’accès à l’avortement un droit constitutionnel, vous bouleversez les équilibres trouvés par la loi Veil, dont vous ne cessez pourtant de vous réclamer. Je pense notamment à la clause de conscience des médecins, puisque deux droits fondamentaux s’opposeront : le droit à l’IVG et la liberté de conscience.Vous l’aurez compris : je pense que vous prenez le problème à l’envers. Tout le monde pourra s’accorder sur l’idée qu’il vaut mieux, d’un point de vue éthique, psychologique ou économique, prévenir les IVG plutôt que d’avoir à les réaliser. Or, en 2023, 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées. C’est un record absolu. Je ne crois pas que l’IVG soit menacée aujourd’hui en France. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN. – Mme Véronique Riotton s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 792,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350322",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "N8674a7f1bab0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En faisant de l’accès à l’avortement un droit constitutionnel, vous bouleversez les équilibres trouvés par la loi Veil, dont vous ne cessez pourtant de vous réclamer. Je pense notamment à la clause de conscience des médecins, puisque deux droits fondamentaux s’opposeront : le droit à l’IVG et la liberté de conscience.Vous l’aurez compris : je pense que vous prenez le problème à l’envers. Tout le monde pourra s’accorder sur l’idée qu’il vaut mieux, d’un point de vue éthique, psychologique ou économique, prévenir les IVG plutôt que d’avoir à les réaliser. Or, en 2023, 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées. C’est un record absolu. Je ne crois pas que l’IVG soit menacée aujourd’hui en France. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350326",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350326"
   ],
   "order": 796,
   "text": "Je veux être très clair : je défends cet amendement à titre personnel. Seule Émilie Bonnivard est habilitée, en tant qu’oratrice du groupe Les Républicains, à s’exprimer au nom de ce dernier. Si vous devez vous en prendre à quelqu’un, adressez vos reproches aux députés à titre individuel et non au groupe. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.)Nous déposons un amendement de suppression car, même après les débats en commission, nous n’y voyons pas clair. Un équilibre doit être recherché entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. La formulation que vous souhaitez introduire dans la Constitution changera-t-elle quoi que ce soit ? Si cet ajout est sans conséquences, à quoi bon ? S’il en a, il faut nous expliquer lesquelles. Nous n’avons toujours pas compris ! Cela ne peut modifier que l’équilibre entre la liberté…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 796,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350326",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 143,
   "annotation_id": "N573fc33e9b8b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux être très clair : je défends cet amendement à titre personnel. Seule [PERSONNE] est habilitée, en tant qu’oratrice du groupe [GROUPE], à s’exprimer au nom de ce dernier. Si vous devez vous en prendre à quelqu’un, adressez vos reproches aux députés à titre individuel et non au groupe. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous déposons un amendement de suppression car, même après les débats en commission, nous n’y voyons pas clair. Un équilibre doit être recherché entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. La formulation que vous souhaitez introduire dans la Constitution changera-t-elle quoi que ce soit ? Si cet ajout est sans conséquences, à quoi bon ? S’il en a, il faut nous expliquer lesquelles. Nous n’avons toujours pas compris ! Cela ne peut modifier que l’équilibre entre la liberté…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350330"
   ],
   "order": 800,
   "text": "Monsieur Balanant, n’hésitez pas à prendre la parole ! Nous aurons l’occasion de débattre.Est-ce que cela change l’équilibre entre la protection de la vie à naître et la liberté de la femme ? Nous pensons que oui. Si vous n’êtes pas d’accord, dites-nous en quoi consiste le changement. Nous avons besoin d’y voir clair ! Si cette modification relève du pur symbole, le moment nous paraît mal choisi. Si, au contraire, elle a des conséquences, dites-nous lesquelles. Nous attendons des réponses claires. Comme nous ne les avons pas obtenues en commission,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 800,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350330",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 91,
   "annotation_id": "N43a5707fa270",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Balanant, n’hésitez pas à prendre la parole ! Nous aurons l’occasion de débattre.Est-ce que cela change l’équilibre entre la protection de la vie à naître et la liberté de la femme ? Nous pensons que oui. Si vous n’êtes pas d’accord, dites-nous en quoi consiste le changement. Nous avons besoin d’y voir clair ! Si cette modification relève du pur symbole, le moment nous paraît mal choisi. Si, au contraire, elle a des conséquences, dites-nous lesquelles. Nous attendons des réponses claires. Comme nous ne les avons pas obtenues en commission,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350335",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350335"
   ],
   "order": 806,
   "text": "Permettez-moi pour défendre cet amendement en commençant par une citation : « Je vous renvoie au comité Veil qui a aussi pointé, en 2008, le danger qu’il y aurait de constitutionnaliser […] \"des principes qui peuvent apparaître aujourd’hui comme intangibles mais qui pourraient fort bien se révéler ne plus l’être demain\". Les sujets de bioéthique ne gagneraient pas à être inscrits ainsi dans la Constitution, au risque d’interdire tout débat et toute évolution en la matière. »Il s’agit d’une intervention de Mme Yaël Braun-Pivet (Applaudissements et sourires sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.),…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "25",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 806,
   "amendments": [
    "25"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350335",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N70ffaa19a701",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi pour défendre cet amendement en commençant par une citation : « Je vous renvoie au comité Veil qui a aussi pointé, en 2008, le danger qu’il y aurait de constitutionnaliser […] \"des principes qui peuvent apparaître aujourd’hui comme intangibles mais qui pourraient fort bien se révéler ne plus l’être demain\". Les sujets de bioéthique ne gagneraient pas à être inscrits ainsi dans la Constitution, au risque d’interdire tout débat et toute évolution en la matière. »Il s’agit d’une intervention de Mme [PERSONNE] (Applaudissements et sourires sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350337",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350337"
   ],
   "order": 809,
   "text": "…alors présidente de la commission des lois, qui, en tant que rapporteure du projet de loi constitutionnelle pour un renouveau de la vie démocratique, s’est exprimée à plusieurs reprises pour indiquer qu’il ne fallait surtout pas constitutionnaliser l’IVG.Je vous invite à reprendre les débats en question, vous verrez que ces propos ont été tenus et répétés. Madame la présidente, nous défendons ces amendements pour être totalement en phase avec vos déclarations de 2018 ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RN et LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "25",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 809,
   "amendments": [
    "25"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350337",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "N4a50d46e897a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…alors présidente de la commission des lois, qui, en tant que rapporteure du projet de loi constitutionnelle pour un renouveau de la vie démocratique, s’est exprimée à plusieurs reprises pour indiquer qu’il ne fallait surtout pas constitutionnaliser l’IVG.Je vous invite à reprendre les débats en question, vous verrez que ces propos ont été tenus et répétés. Madame la présidente, nous défendons ces amendements pour être totalement en phase avec vos déclarations de 2018 ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350343",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350343"
   ],
   "order": 815,
   "text": "Je promets de ne pas vous citer ! (Sourires.)Si j’ai déposé un amendement pour supprimer l’article unique, c’est tout simplement parce qu’aujourd’hui, en France, la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG est inutile. Depuis la loi Veil du 17 janvier 1975, le Conseil constitutionnel a systématiquement accepté les évolutions toujours plus permissives de la législation sur l’IVG, en considérant qu’il ne lui appartenait pas de substituer son appréciation à celle du législateur dans un tel domaine.Par sa décision du 27 juin 2001, le Conseil constitutionnel a même explicitement rattaché l’IVG à la liberté personnelle de la femme, protégée par l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789. Désormais, c’est la remise en cause de l’IVG par la loi qui serait censurée par le Conseil constitutionnel.Si vous prenez une telle initiative aujourd’hui, c’est parce qu’en France, les responsables politiques s’attaquent toujours à des sujets de société quand ils sont incapables de résoudre les vrais problèmes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "25",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 815,
   "amendments": [
    "25"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350343",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 159,
   "annotation_id": "N505cd61a0955",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je promets de ne pas vous citer ! (Sourires.)Si j’ai déposé un amendement pour supprimer l’article unique, c’est tout simplement parce qu’aujourd’hui, en France, la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG est inutile. Depuis la loi Veil du 17 janvier 1975, le Conseil constitutionnel a systématiquement accepté les évolutions toujours plus permissives de la législation sur l’IVG, en considérant qu’il ne lui appartenait pas de substituer son appréciation à celle du législateur dans un tel domaine.Par sa décision du 27 juin 2001, le Conseil constitutionnel a même explicitement rattaché l’IVG à la liberté personnelle de la femme, protégée par l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789. Désormais, c’est la remise en cause de l’IVG par la loi qui serait censurée par le Conseil constitutionnel.Si vous prenez une telle initiative aujourd’hui, c’est parce qu’en France, les responsables politiques s’attaquent toujours à des sujets de société quand ils sont incapables de résoudre les vrais problèmes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350348",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350348"
   ],
   "order": 820,
   "text": "Est-il plus urgent aujourd’hui de s’attaquer au problème de l’IVG qui n’est menacée par personne, ou de trouver des solutions pour les agriculteurs ?Mme Bergé a parlé de symboles ; je ne suis pas opposée aux symboles en politique, mais pas quand ils servent de prétexte pour mettre la poussière sous le tapis. Au lieu de nous interroger sur les causes du recours massif à l’IVG, et sur les moyens d’aider les femmes qui y ont recours, vous voulez inscrire dans le marbre constitutionnel ce que Simon Veil pointait clairement comme une solution qui devait rester exceptionnelle à une situation de détresse.En 2023, 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées, un record absolu. Quelle est l’urgence aujourd’hui : constitutionnaliser l’IVG, ou mettre en place une véritable politique de prévention de l’avortement, notamment pour les jeunes ? J’espère que nos débats répondront à cette question. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "25",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 820,
   "amendments": [
    "25"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350348",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 150,
   "annotation_id": "N25456b0595f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Est-il plus urgent aujourd’hui de s’attaquer au problème de l’IVG qui n’est menacée par personne, ou de trouver des solutions pour les agriculteurs ?Mme Bergé a parlé de symboles ; je ne suis pas opposée aux symboles en politique, mais pas quand ils servent de prétexte pour mettre la poussière sous le tapis. Au lieu de nous interroger sur les causes du recours massif à l’IVG, et sur les moyens d’aider les femmes qui y ont recours, vous voulez inscrire dans le marbre constitutionnel ce que Simon Veil pointait clairement comme une solution qui devait rester exceptionnelle à une situation de détresse.En 2023, 234 300 IVG ont été pratiquées, un record absolu. Quelle est l’urgence aujourd’hui : constitutionnaliser l’IVG, ou mettre en place une véritable politique de prévention de l’avortement, notamment pour les jeunes ? J’espère que nos débats répondront à cette question. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351480",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351480"
   ],
   "order": 824,
   "text": "À mon tour, je m’interroge : est-il nécessaire de modifier la Constitution alors qu’il n’existe pas, en France, de risque avéré de revirement du Conseil constitutionnel sur la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans le cadre législatif actuel ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "56",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 824,
   "amendments": [
    "56"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351480",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nb66ad4e09466",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "À mon tour, je m’interroge : est-il nécessaire de modifier la Constitution alors qu’il n’existe pas, en France, de risque avéré de revirement du Conseil constitutionnel sur la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans le cadre législatif actuel ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351482",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351482"
   ],
   "order": 826,
   "text": "Heureusement, la France n’est pas les États-Unis et aucun groupe parlementaire ne souhaite supprimer cette liberté. Selon moi, c’est une erreur d’importer des questions qui ne se posent pas ici. D’ailleurs, si des entraves particulières existaient en France, comment expliquer que le recours effectif à l’IVG n’ait jamais été aussi important ?La question n’est pas de savoir si l’on est pour ou contre cette liberté, mais s’il faut l’inscrire dans la Constitution et, le cas échéant, s’il s’agit d’en faire un droit absolu sans condition. Cela relève sans doute du symbole mais en 2008, Simone Veil elle-même avait refusé d’y inscrire des dispositions à la portée purement symbolique. Si nous le faisions, il faudrait alors y inscrire d’autres principes qui bénéficient d’une protection juridique équivalente.N’est-ce pas un peu superflu, alors que nous devrions réserver notre énergie et notre temps à légiférer sur les problèmes que rencontre la France ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "56",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 826,
   "amendments": [
    "56"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351482",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 149,
   "annotation_id": "N6ff32b7ded5d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Heureusement, la France n’est pas les États-Unis et aucun groupe parlementaire ne souhaite supprimer cette liberté. Selon moi, c’est une erreur d’importer des questions qui ne se posent pas ici. D’ailleurs, si des entraves particulières existaient en France, comment expliquer que le recours effectif à l’IVG n’ait jamais été aussi important ?La question n’est pas de savoir si l’on est pour ou contre cette liberté, mais s’il faut l’inscrire dans la Constitution et, le cas échéant, s’il s’agit d’en faire un droit absolu sans condition. Cela relève sans doute du symbole mais en 2008, Simone Veil elle-même avait refusé d’y inscrire des dispositions à la portée purement symbolique. Si nous le faisions, il faudrait alors y inscrire d’autres principes qui bénéficient d’une protection juridique équivalente.N’est-ce pas un peu superflu, alors que nous devrions réserver notre énergie et notre temps à légiférer sur les problèmes que rencontre la France ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351527",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351527"
   ],
   "order": 832,
   "text": "…ou nous appliquer à résoudre la crise agricole, ce qui nécessiterait de revenir sur des surtranspositions législatives ?Au-delà des questions relatives à l’opportunité d’inscrire la liberté de recourir à l’IVG dans la Constitution, rappelons que la loi Veil ménage un fragile équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de l’enfant à naître.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "56",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 832,
   "amendments": [
    "56"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351527",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N99e68713adab",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…ou nous appliquer à résoudre la crise agricole, ce qui nécessiterait de revenir sur des surtranspositions législatives ?Au-delà des questions relatives à l’opportunité d’inscrire la liberté de recourir à l’IVG dans la Constitution, rappelons que la loi Veil ménage un fragile équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de l’enfant à naître."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351529",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351529"
   ],
   "order": 835,
   "text": "N’y renonçons pas. Or la formulation choisie par le Gouvernement ne semble pas suffisamment précise car l’emploi du terme « garantie » engendre des incertitudes. Cette garantie serait-elle relative ou absolue ? La loi Veil a prévu un encadrement éthique de cette liberté, puisque toute liberté a ses conditions et ses limites. La formulation envisagée pourrait-elle remettre en cause l’équilibre recherché par Simone Veil ? Voici les questions que je me pose et que je souhaite partager avec vous. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "56",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 835,
   "amendments": [
    "56"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351529",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 86,
   "annotation_id": "Nf3eee630b552",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "N’y renonçons pas. Or la formulation choisie par le Gouvernement ne semble pas suffisamment précise car l’emploi du terme « garantie » engendre des incertitudes. Cette garantie serait-elle relative ou absolue ? La loi Veil a prévu un encadrement éthique de cette liberté, puisque toute liberté a ses conditions et ses limites. La formulation envisagée pourrait-elle remettre en cause l’équilibre recherché par Simone Veil ? Voici les questions que je me pose et que je souhaite partager avec vous. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351489",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351489"
   ],
   "order": 837,
   "text": "En cet instant, nous ne sommes plus législateurs, nous sommes devenus constituants. C’est un rôle grave, j’en conviens, puisqu’il n’y a pas eu de révision de la Constitution depuis 2008.Je regrette que pour procéder à un acte de cette gravité, nous saisissions le prétexte de ce qui se passe aux États-Unis, comme si nous n’avions pas suffisamment de problèmes à régler chez nous !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "117",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 837,
   "amendments": [
    "117"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351489",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "Nf1559fac4a43",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En cet instant, nous ne sommes plus législateurs, nous sommes devenus constituants. C’est un rôle grave, j’en conviens, puisqu’il n’y a pas eu de révision de la Constitution depuis 2008.Je regrette que pour procéder à un acte de cette gravité, nous saisissions le prétexte de ce qui se passe aux États-Unis, comme si nous n’avions pas suffisamment de problèmes à régler chez nous !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351531",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351531"
   ],
   "order": 840,
   "text": "C’est tellement plus amusant de s’occuper des problèmes des autres, surtout quand on est défaillant pour régler les siens ! (MM. Jérémie Iordanoff et Benjamin Lucas s’exclament.)De plus, nous nous positionnons comme une sorte de phare pour l’humanité – ce sont vos propos, monsieur le ministre. Tous ceux qui ont eu l’occasion d’échanger avec des parlementaires d’autres pays, notamment des pays du tiers-monde, peuvent constater que cette attitude, très française, suscite irritation et parfois mépris.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "117",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 840,
   "amendments": [
    "117"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351531",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "Nf0f1cf377e3a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est tellement plus amusant de s’occuper des problèmes des autres, surtout quand on est défaillant pour régler les siens ! (MM. [PERSONNE] et Benjamin Lucas s’exclament.)De plus, nous nous positionnons comme une sorte de phare pour l’humanité – ce sont vos propos, monsieur le ministre. Tous ceux qui ont eu l’occasion d’échanger avec des parlementaires d’autres pays, notamment des pays du tiers-monde, peuvent constater que cette attitude, très française, suscite irritation et parfois mépris."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351494",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351494"
   ],
   "order": 844,
   "text": "Évitons de donner ce type de leçons au monde et intéressons-nous plutôt à ce qui se passe chez nous, à savoir 234 000 avortements en 2022 d’après l’Insee. Ce chiffre est considérable ! En Europe, il n’y a devant nous que la Russie – un voisinage qui n’est peut-être pas flatteur, du moins pour nous –, qui tire cela de son histoire communiste. Avec 234 000 avortements dans l’année, le sujet n’est plus simplement individuel, mais national et démographique.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "117",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 844,
   "amendments": [
    "117"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351494",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Ne6fad1d7dea3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Évitons de donner ce type de leçons au monde et intéressons-nous plutôt à ce qui se passe chez nous, à savoir 234 000 avortements en 2022 d’après l’Insee. Ce chiffre est considérable ! En Europe, il n’y a devant nous que la Russie – un voisinage qui n’est peut-être pas flatteur, du moins pour nous –, qui tire cela de son histoire communiste. Avec 234 000 avortements dans l’année, le sujet n’est plus simplement individuel, mais national et démographique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351496",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351496"
   ],
   "order": 846,
   "text": "Au moment où le Président de la République admet qu’il faut mettre sur la table la natalité – ce que je trouve plutôt bien –, nous choisissons de solenniser le droit à l’avortement, de le canoniser et d’en faire une sorte de dogme.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "117",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 846,
   "amendments": [
    "117"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351496",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N5f76d6236701",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au moment où le Président de la République admet qu’il faut mettre sur la table la natalité – ce que je trouve plutôt bien –, nous choisissons de solenniser le droit à l’avortement, de le canoniser et d’en faire une sorte de dogme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351562",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351562"
   ],
   "order": 848,
   "text": "Eh bien non ! Les lois ont vocation à évoluer et il n’y a pas de raison de leur donner un tour dogmatique. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "117",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 848,
   "amendments": [
    "117"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351562",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N21b15970fd60",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Eh bien non ! Les lois ont vocation à évoluer et il n’y a pas de raison de leur donner un tour dogmatique. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351569",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351569"
   ],
   "order": 852,
   "text": "Il est inquiétant de manipuler à ce point les procédés juridiques et de vouloir modifier la Constitution, qui est la norme la plus importante de notre pays. Monsieur le ministre, permettez-moi de citer l’exposé des motifs du projet de loi : « Si, dans notre pays, cette liberté n’est pas aujourd’hui directement menacée ou remise en cause, hormis par quelques courants de l’opinion heureusement très minoritaires, tel n’est pas le cas dans d’autres États et non des moindres. » Vous reconnaissez vous-même que la liberté de recourir à l’avortement n’est pas remise en cause. D’ailleurs, il est rappelé sur un site internet de l’État, vie-publique.fr, que depuis une décision du 27 juin 2001, confirmée en 2017, le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît cette liberté.Elle découle d’un principe général de liberté posé à l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789. Cette liberté, que vous souhaitez intégrer à notre Constitution, a donc déjà valeur constitutionnelle.La procédure nous impose d’examiner les amendements de suppression avant toute discussion mais compte tenu des débats en commission et de ceux qui s’ouvrent maintenant, la suite de l’examen du texte nous éclairera davantage sur les volontés des uns et des autres, en particulier de l’extrême gauche renforcée par les macronistes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "169",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 852,
   "amendments": [
    "169"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351569",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 208,
   "annotation_id": "Nb254aae01cd0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il est inquiétant de manipuler à ce point les procédés juridiques et de vouloir modifier la Constitution, qui est la norme la plus importante de notre pays. Monsieur le ministre, permettez-moi de citer l’exposé des motifs du projet de loi : « Si, dans notre pays, cette liberté n’est pas aujourd’hui directement menacée ou remise en cause, hormis par quelques courants de l’opinion heureusement très minoritaires, tel n’est pas le cas dans d’autres États et non des moindres. » Vous reconnaissez vous-même que la liberté de recourir à l’avortement n’est pas remise en cause. D’ailleurs, il est rappelé sur un site internet de l’État, vie-publique.fr, que depuis une décision du 27 juin 2001, confirmée en 2017, le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît cette liberté.Elle découle d’un principe général de liberté posé à l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789. Cette liberté, que vous souhaitez intégrer à notre Constitution, a donc déjà valeur constitutionnelle.La procédure nous impose d’examiner les amendements de suppression avant toute discussion mais compte tenu des débats en commission et de ceux qui s’ouvrent maintenant, la suite de l’examen du texte nous éclairera davantage sur les volontés des uns et des autres, en particulier de l’extrême gauche renforcée par les macronistes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351502"
   ],
   "order": 856,
   "text": "Même à la tribune, vous utilisez des exemples étrangers. Afin d’éclairer vos esprits, permettez-moi de vous signaler qu’aux États-Unis, de janvier à juillet 2023, c’est-à-dire après la décision de la Cour suprême, plus de 500 000 IVG ont été pratiquées. Il y a donc eu plus d’IVG après l’interdiction de l’avortement qu’avant. Vous voyez bien que ce droit n’est pas remis en cause. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 856,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351502",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N3adf6b0e0318",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Même à la tribune, vous utilisez des exemples étrangers. Afin d’éclairer vos esprits, permettez-moi de vous signaler qu’aux États-Unis, de janvier à juillet 2023, c’est-à-dire après la décision de la Cour suprême, plus de 500 000 IVG ont été pratiquées. Il y a donc eu plus d’IVG après l’interdiction de l’avortement qu’avant. Vous voyez bien que ce droit n’est pas remis en cause. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351504",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351504"
   ],
   "order": 858,
   "text": "Avis défavorable à tous les amendements de suppression. Nous sommes en désaccord sur trois points : la réalité des menaces contre le droit à l’avortement, la protection juridique du droit à l’avortement et les conséquences de cette révision constitutionnelle pour notre cadre législatif.Les menaces qui pèsent sur le droit à l’avortement sont réelles et sérieuses. Il y a dix ou quinze ans, personne n’aurait pensé devoir légiférer pour protéger le droit à l’avortement au niveau constitutionnel.Ces menaces ne sont pas fictives : aux États-Unis mais aussi en Hongrie, en Pologne, en Espagne et au Portugal, elles sont une réalité juridique et politique. Dernièrement, le Honduras a constitutionnalisé l’interdiction de l’avortement, afin de criminaliser l’IVG. Ces menaces ont des ramifications dans notre pays, où elles se traduisent notamment par des violences physiques à l’encontre des associations.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 858,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351504",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 135,
   "annotation_id": "Na8b8e8e1391f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JOQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable à tous les amendements de suppression. Nous sommes en désaccord sur trois points : la réalité des menaces contre le droit à l’avortement, la protection juridique du droit à l’avortement et les conséquences de cette révision constitutionnelle pour notre cadre législatif.Les menaces qui pèsent sur le droit à l’avortement sont réelles et sérieuses. Il y a dix ou quinze ans, personne n’aurait pensé devoir légiférer pour protéger le droit à l’avortement au niveau constitutionnel.Ces menaces ne sont pas fictives : aux États-Unis mais aussi en Hongrie, en Pologne, en Espagne et au Portugal, elles sont une réalité juridique et politique. Dernièrement, le Honduras a constitutionnalisé l’interdiction de l’avortement, afin de criminaliser l’IVG. Ces menaces ont des ramifications dans notre pays, où elles se traduisent notamment par des violences physiques à l’encontre des associations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351508",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351508"
   ],
   "order": 862,
   "text": "Je tiens à saluer la présidente et l’ensemble des membres du Planning familial, qui subissent au quotidien ces menaces et ces actions violentes, comme d’autres associations dans tout le territoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)En France, les menaces peuvent être juridiques et politiques, elles s’invitent dans le débat public et le débat politique, comme en témoignent les liens qu’entretiennent des partis tel que le Rassemblement national avec d’autres forces politiques en Hongrie, en Pologne et en Italie. Dès lors qu’elles arrivent au pouvoir, ces forces politiques n’interdisent pas le droit à l’avortement mais elles en ferment presque totalement l’accès par le déremboursement, la réduction des délais, la remise en cause du délai de réflexion et la disparition du délit d’entrave.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 862,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351508",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 135,
   "annotation_id": "Nade258bd9e8b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à saluer la présidente et l’ensemble des membres du Planning familial, qui subissent au quotidien ces menaces et ces actions violentes, comme d’autres associations dans tout le territoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)En France, les menaces peuvent être juridiques et politiques, elles s’invitent dans le débat public et le débat politique, comme en témoignent les liens qu’entretiennent des partis tel que le [GROUPE] avec d’autres forces politiques en Hongrie, en Pologne et en Italie. Dès lors qu’elles arrivent au pouvoir, ces forces politiques n’interdisent pas le droit à l’avortement mais elles en ferment presque totalement l’accès par le déremboursement, la réduction des délais, la remise en cause du délai de réflexion et la disparition du délit d’entrave."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351511",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351511"
   ],
   "order": 865,
   "text": "Certains amendements au présent projet de loi sont certes personnels, mais ce sont bien des attaques contre le droit à l’avortement.Le deuxième désaccord porte sur la protection juridique qui, rappelons-le, n’existe pas au niveau européen. Au niveau national, la protection juridique s’appuie sur une jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, qui a eu à se prononcer au sujet de la constitutionnalité des différentes lois relatives au dispositif législatif d’accès au droit à l’avortement. En aucun cas le Conseil constitutionnel n’a reconnu le droit à l’avortement comme une liberté. En aucun cas non plus il n’a eu à se prononcer sur des lois à caractère régressif, ce qui crée une incertitude quant à la position qu’il pourrait adopter en cas d’adoption d’une loi qui réduirait fortement l’accès au droit à l’avortement. C’est ce qui justifie, compte tenu de la réalité des menaces, la nécessité de reconnaître cette liberté en tant que liberté fondamentale, puis de la protéger en l’inscrivant dans la Constitution.Le troisième désaccord concerne la rupture d’équilibre entre les différentes libertés qu’entraînerait cette révision constitutionnelle, ainsi que toutes les conséquences qu’elle aurait pour les révisions d’ordre législatif. Dans la discussion générale, Mme Pascale Bordes a déclaré que cette révision entraînerait la refonte totale du code de la santé publique. Permettez-moi de vous renvoyer au point 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui est très clair : cette révision constitutionnelle n’entraîne aucune rupture d’équilibre entre les différentes libertés du bloc de constitutionnalité ni aucune demande de révision de notre législation.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 865,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351511",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 247,
   "annotation_id": "N7b237dfa147b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Certains amendements au présent projet de loi sont certes personnels, mais ce sont bien des attaques contre le droit à l’avortement.Le deuxième désaccord porte sur la protection juridique qui, rappelons-le, n’existe pas au niveau européen. Au niveau national, la protection juridique s’appuie sur une jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, qui a eu à se prononcer au sujet de la constitutionnalité des différentes lois relatives au dispositif législatif d’accès au droit à l’avortement. En aucun cas le Conseil constitutionnel n’a reconnu le droit à l’avortement comme une liberté. En aucun cas non plus il n’a eu à se prononcer sur des lois à caractère régressif, ce qui crée une incertitude quant à la position qu’il pourrait adopter en cas d’adoption d’une loi qui réduirait fortement l’accès au droit à l’avortement. C’est ce qui justifie, compte tenu de la réalité des menaces, la nécessité de reconnaître cette liberté en tant que liberté fondamentale, puis de la protéger en l’inscrivant dans la Constitution.Le troisième désaccord concerne la rupture d’équilibre entre les différentes libertés qu’entraînerait cette révision constitutionnelle, ainsi que toutes les conséquences qu’elle aurait pour les révisions d’ordre législatif. Dans la discussion générale, Mme [PERSONNE] a déclaré que cette révision entraînerait la refonte totale du code de la santé publique. Permettez-moi de vous renvoyer au point 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui est très clair : cette révision constitutionnelle n’entraîne aucune rupture d’équilibre entre les différentes libertés du bloc de constitutionnalité ni aucune demande de révision de notre législation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351517",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351517"
   ],
   "order": 871,
   "text": "À cet instant, tout le monde imagine certainement que je serai défavorable aux amendements de suppression. Tout d’abord, je remercie les uns et les autres d’avoir précisé qu’ils exprimaient une position personnelle. Je vais essayer, non pas de vous convaincre, mais de débattre des arguments que vous avez mis en exergue, parce que je suis respectueux de vos opinions personnelles. Nous débattons d’un sujet qui, philosophiquement et pourquoi pas religieusement, ne peut nous conduire à l’unanimité.Non seulement cette assemblée a largement voté le texte, mais je crois pouvoir dire que nous sommes tous favorables à la loi Veil – la grande loi Veil.Monsieur Breton, je passe sur cette dérive titiste (M. Philippe Gosselin sourit), qui est un trait de l’humour que l’on vous connaît. La Constitution de 1958 vaut largement celle de la Yougoslavie, de l’ex-Yougoslavie d’ailleurs, ce qui ferait véritablement de la France le premier pays à inscrire la liberté de recourir à l’avortement dans la Constitution.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 871,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351517",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 158,
   "annotation_id": "Nc8a67e921b1d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "À cet instant, tout le monde imagine certainement que je serai défavorable aux amendements de suppression. Tout d’abord, je remercie les uns et les autres d’avoir précisé qu’ils exprimaient une position personnelle. Je vais essayer, non pas de vous convaincre, mais de débattre des arguments que vous avez mis en exergue, parce que je suis respectueux de vos opinions personnelles. Nous débattons d’un sujet qui, philosophiquement et pourquoi pas religieusement, ne peut nous conduire à l’unanimité.Non seulement cette assemblée a largement voté le texte, mais je crois pouvoir dire que nous sommes tous favorables à la loi Veil – la grande loi Veil.Monsieur Breton, je passe sur cette dérive titiste (M. [PERSONNE] sourit), qui est un trait de l’humour que l’on vous connaît. La Constitution de 1958 vaut largement celle de la Yougoslavie, de l’ex-Yougoslavie d’ailleurs, ce qui ferait véritablement de la France le premier pays à inscrire la liberté de recourir à l’avortement dans la Constitution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351522",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351522"
   ],
   "order": 876,
   "text": "La Yougoslavie n’est plus un pays et il n’y a plus que M. Xavier Breton qui se réfère à sa Constitution ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 876,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351522",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N6c08def8730d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La Yougoslavie n’est plus un pays et il n’y a plus que M. [PERSONNE] qui se réfère à sa Constitution ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351526",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351526"
   ],
   "order": 880,
   "text": "D’aucuns disent que la grande loi Veil n’est pas menacée dans l’immédiat. Je l’entends et j’ai tenté, à la tribune, de répondre à cet argument en expliquant qu’une modification constitutionnelle était aussi pratiquée pour l’avenir. Il s’agit de donner davantage de force à ce texte, qui est très important et dont la nécessité est désormais reconnue par la majorité d’entre nous.Permettez-moi de vous présenter les choses autrement.Certes, l’avortement n’est pas menacé dans l’immédiat mais il n’est pas protégé constitutionnellement, ce que souligne le Conseil d’État dans un avis très clair. Cet avis, documenté par les jurisprudences supranationales de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, puis par la jurisprudence française, rappelle que le Conseil constitutionnel n’a pas conféré à la loi Veil la protection que le Gouvernement souhaite et qui a fait l’objet, je le rappelle, de multiples initiatives parlementaires.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 880,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351526",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 149,
   "annotation_id": "N1417281e4508",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "D’aucuns disent que la grande loi Veil n’est pas menacée dans l’immédiat. Je l’entends et j’ai tenté, à la tribune, de répondre à cet argument en expliquant qu’une modification constitutionnelle était aussi pratiquée pour l’avenir. Il s’agit de donner davantage de force à ce texte, qui est très important et dont la nécessité est désormais reconnue par la majorité d’entre nous.Permettez-moi de vous présenter les choses autrement.Certes, l’avortement n’est pas menacé dans l’immédiat mais il n’est pas protégé constitutionnellement, ce que souligne le Conseil d’État dans un avis très clair. Cet avis, documenté par les jurisprudences supranationales de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, puis par la jurisprudence française, rappelle que le Conseil constitutionnel n’a pas conféré à la loi Veil la protection que le Gouvernement souhaite et qui a fait l’objet, je le rappelle, de multiples initiatives parlementaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351814",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351814"
   ],
   "order": 884,
   "text": "Madame Ménard, vous affirmez qu’il n’y a pas urgence. Vous avez raison mais le moment est opportun pour inscrire le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution : nous disposons ici d’une majorité pour ce faire et nous avons réuni une majorité au Sénat. (Mme Véronique Riotton applaudit.) Bien sûr que l’urgence n’est pas avérée mais rappelons tout de même que l’une des plus grandes démocraties au monde est revenue sur ce que l’on croyait acquis, que certains, qu’il n’y a même pas lieu de chercher outre-Atlantique, puisqu’ils sont en Europe, ont des velléités de faire reculer cette liberté, pourtant essentielle. Enfin madame Ménard, vous dites qu’il vaut mieux prévenir les grossesses pour ne pas avoir à avorter. Avec tout le respect que je vous porte, je vous répondrai que ce n’est pas ainsi que cela se passe dans la vie !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 884,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351814",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 144,
   "annotation_id": "Nc110378414cc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Ménard, vous affirmez qu’il n’y a pas urgence. Vous avez raison mais le moment est opportun pour inscrire le droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution : nous disposons ici d’une majorité pour ce faire et nous avons réuni une majorité au Sénat. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Bien sûr que l’urgence n’est pas avérée mais rappelons tout de même que l’une des plus grandes démocraties au monde est revenue sur ce que l’on croyait acquis, que certains, qu’il n’y a même pas lieu de chercher outre-Atlantique, puisqu’ils sont en Europe, ont des velléités de faire reculer cette liberté, pourtant essentielle. Enfin madame Ménard, vous dites qu’il vaut mieux prévenir les grossesses pour ne pas avoir à avorter. Avec tout le respect que je vous porte, je vous répondrai que ce n’est pas ainsi que cela se passe dans la vie !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351816",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351816"
   ],
   "order": 886,
   "text": "Parfois, les femmes se retrouvent enceintes par accident et il arrive aussi que cet enfant, elles l’ont voulu, mais que les circonstances de la vie les ont contraintes à y renoncer. C’est une liberté – c’est la leur – et je souhaite que la Constitution l’affirme clairement ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)Bien que cela revienne à tenter l’escalade de la face nord des Grandes Jorasses un jour d’hiver et sans gants, je voudrais tenter de rassurer quelques sceptiques, dont les convictions, que je respecte, sont bien ancrées. Nous conserverons les libertés essentielles qui sont déjà les nôtres.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 886,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351816",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N7f09bff79043",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Parfois, les femmes se retrouvent enceintes par accident et il arrive aussi que cet enfant, elles l’ont voulu, mais que les circonstances de la vie les ont contraintes à y renoncer. C’est une liberté – c’est la leur – et je souhaite que la Constitution l’affirme clairement ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)Bien que cela revienne à tenter l’escalade de la face nord des Grandes Jorasses un jour d’hiver et sans gants, je voudrais tenter de rassurer quelques sceptiques, dont les convictions, que je respecte, sont bien ancrées. Nous conserverons les libertés essentielles qui sont déjà les nôtres."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351819",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351819"
   ],
   "order": 889,
   "text": "Madame Roullaud, vous seriez parfaitement rassurée si vous relisiez l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui rappelle clairement que la liberté de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes est une liberté totalement garantie. (Mme Anne-Laure Blin s’exclame.)Le projet de loi est très précis et se veut la traduction du compromis entre ce que vous avez voté et ce que le Sénat a voté.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 889,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351819",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N224b9e574049",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Roullaud, vous seriez parfaitement rassurée si vous relisiez l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui rappelle clairement que la liberté de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes est une liberté totalement garantie. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)Le projet de loi est très précis et se veut la traduction du compromis entre ce que vous avez voté et ce que le Sénat a voté."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351824",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351824"
   ],
   "order": 894,
   "text": "Les sénateurs ont ensuite pu exprimer des désaccords personnels : j’en accepte l’augure car nous sommes en démocratie mais l’argument selon lequel le projet entraverait la liberté de conscience des médecins n’est, quoi qu’il en soit, pas recevable.Je suis, bien naturellement, opposé à l’amendement de suppression, mais je respecte vos opinions.Madame Bordes, vous affirmez que le Rassemblement national défend le droit à l’avortement (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN) et nous en revenons encore au même sujet : le projet de loi comporte peu d’articles, il n’en compte même qu’un ! Si vous défendez vraiment le droit à l’avortement, votez-le !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 894,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351824",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 102,
   "annotation_id": "N91ff56342ec7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les sénateurs ont ensuite pu exprimer des désaccords personnels : j’en accepte l’augure car nous sommes en démocratie mais l’argument selon lequel le projet entraverait la liberté de conscience des médecins n’est, quoi qu’il en soit, pas recevable.Je suis, bien naturellement, opposé à l’amendement de suppression, mais je respecte vos opinions.Madame Bordes, vous affirmez que le [GROUPE] défend le droit à l’avortement (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et nous en revenons encore au même sujet : le projet de loi comporte peu d’articles, il n’en compte même qu’un ! Si vous défendez vraiment le droit à l’avortement, votez-le !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351831",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351831"
   ],
   "order": 901,
   "text": "J’ai bien entendu ce que vous avez dit, madame Bonnivard, et je comprends que la démonstration de M. Le Fur, que j’ai écoutée avec attention, n’engage que lui et pas le groupe Les Républicains. J’en ai cependant déduit qu’il devenait urgent d’inscrire le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution.Je respecte votre position, monsieur Le Fur, mais vous avez clairement démontré, chacun en est témoin, que vous n’étiez pas tout à fait favorable au droit à l’avortement. Votre parti politique aspirant, comme d’autres, à revenir un jour aux responsabilités…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 901,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351831",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "N4fe0c6c4aee3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai bien entendu ce que vous avez dit, madame Bonnivard, et je comprends que la démonstration de M. Le Fur, que j’ai écoutée avec attention, n’engage que lui et pas le groupe [GROUPE]. J’en ai cependant déduit qu’il devenait urgent d’inscrire le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution.Je respecte votre position, monsieur Le Fur, mais vous avez clairement démontré, chacun en est témoin, que vous n’étiez pas tout à fait favorable au droit à l’avortement. Votre parti politique aspirant, comme d’autres, à revenir un jour aux responsabilités…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351834",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351834"
   ],
   "order": 904,
   "text": "…il est de notre responsabilité de légiférer aujourd’hui pour préparer l’avenir. Tel est bien le rôle d’une Constitution : légiférer pour l’avenir en empêchant de revenir en arrière. C’est ce que nous nous apprêtons à faire en inscrivant dans notre texte suprême le droit à l’avortement.Je comprends votre opposition au droit à l’avortement, que d’aucuns peuvent juger légitime, mais c’est précisément en raison de cette opposition que nous souhaitons protéger le droit des femmes à avorter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur les bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 904,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351834",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "N7e32cb72d136",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…il est de notre responsabilité de légiférer aujourd’hui pour préparer l’avenir. Tel est bien le rôle d’une Constitution : légiférer pour l’avenir en empêchant de revenir en arrière. C’est ce que nous nous apprêtons à faire en inscrivant dans notre texte suprême le droit à l’avortement.Je comprends votre opposition au droit à l’avortement, que d’aucuns peuvent juger légitime, mais c’est précisément en raison de cette opposition que nous souhaitons protéger le droit des femmes à avorter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur les bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351837",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351837"
   ],
   "order": 907,
   "text": "Je pensais avoir clairement exposé ma position mais certains ne l’ont manifestement pas comprise – à moins qu’ils ne soient durs d’oreille ?Je le répète donc, à titre personnel et en tant qu’oratrice du groupe Rassemblement national : le Rassemblement national n’entend pas remettre en cause le droit à l’avortement, institué il y a près de cinquante ans.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 907,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351837",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N60800e7957cc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je pensais avoir clairement exposé ma position mais certains ne l’ont manifestement pas comprise – à moins qu’ils ne soient durs d’oreille ?Je le répète donc, à titre personnel et en tant qu’oratrice du groupe [GROUPE] : le [GROUPE] n’entend pas remettre en cause le droit à l’avortement, institué il y a près de cinquante ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351840",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351840"
   ],
   "order": 910,
   "text": "Certains se trompent ou font mine de se tromper : il n’est pas question de revenir sur le droit à l’avortement, puisque nous n’en débattons pas, mais d’empêcher son inscription dans la Constitution.J’insiste, ce texte est totalement inutile !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 910,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351840",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N44ed5ca9859a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Certains se trompent ou font mine de se tromper : il n’est pas question de revenir sur le droit à l’avortement, puisque nous n’en débattons pas, mais d’empêcher son inscription dans la Constitution.J’insiste, ce texte est totalement inutile !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351843",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351843"
   ],
   "order": 913,
   "text": "Les dangers que présente la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’avortement ont été soulignés par divers députés siégeant de mon côté de l’hémicycle, en particulier le risque d’un télescopage entre certaines libertés et certains droits, comme la liberté d’avorter et la liberté de conscience des soignants. Vous nous renvoyez à l’avis éclairant du Conseil d’État, pour reprendre l’expression que vous avez employée en commission des lois, monsieur le rapporteur.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 913,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351843",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Na5e0064a5cc1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les dangers que présente la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’avortement ont été soulignés par divers députés siégeant de mon côté de l’hémicycle, en particulier le risque d’un télescopage entre certaines libertés et certains droits, comme la liberté d’avorter et la liberté de conscience des soignants. Vous nous renvoyez à l’avis éclairant du Conseil d’État, pour reprendre l’expression que vous avez employée en commission des lois, monsieur le rapporteur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351847",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351847"
   ],
   "order": 917,
   "text": "Vous savez ce que valent les avis de la Cour de cassation ou du Conseil d’État. Ce ne serait pas faire injure au Conseil d’État que de dire qu’un avis n’est qu’un avis ou qu’un avis n’engage que celui qui l’a rendu.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 917,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351847",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "N0edca12f808e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Vous savez ce que valent les avis de la Cour de cassation ou du Conseil d’État. Ce ne serait pas faire injure au Conseil d’État que de dire qu’un avis n’est qu’un avis ou qu’un avis n’engage que celui qui l’a rendu."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351851",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351851"
   ],
   "order": 921,
   "text": "Et quand bien même, un arrêt du Conseil d’État irait dans votre sens, rien n’empêcherait ce même Conseil d’État de changer de jurisprudence, quelques heures ou quelques jours plus tard.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 921,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351851",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nbd8cb8d550f4",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Et quand bien même, un arrêt du Conseil d’État irait dans votre sens, rien n’empêcherait ce même Conseil d’État de changer de jurisprudence, quelques heures ou quelques jours plus tard."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351857",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351857"
   ],
   "order": 927,
   "text": "Je rebondis sur les propos de notre collègue Hetzel : vous voulez nous convaincre de voter favorablement, au motif que ce projet de loi ne changerait rien. Mais si ce projet ne change rien, c’est bien qu’il y a un problème. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 927,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351857",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "Nabf7fdfe8d25",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je rebondis sur les propos de notre collègue Hetzel : vous voulez nous convaincre de voter favorablement, au motif que ce projet de loi ne changerait rien. Mais si ce projet ne change rien, c’est bien qu’il y a un problème. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Riotton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351860",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351860"
   ],
   "order": 930,
   "text": "Faut-il qu’un droit soit menacé pour l’étendre et renforcer son application ? Peut-être n’avons-nous pas la même lecture de ce qu’il se passe en France. En effet, il n’est pas nécessaire de regarder ce qu’il se passe à l’étranger, puisqu’en France aussi, des voix d’extrême droite, des programmes et des mouvements pro-vie mettent en péril un droit légitimement acquis il y a cinquante ans. Aux portes de notre pays, en Italie, en Ukraine, en Pologne, des femmes n’ont pas le droit d’avorter, ce droit leur étant même refusé, dans certains pays, en cas de viol ou d’inceste.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 930,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351860",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "N7a5df3919a78",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Faut-il qu’un droit soit menacé pour l’étendre et renforcer son application ? Peut-être n’avons-nous pas la même lecture de ce qu’il se passe en France. En effet, il n’est pas nécessaire de regarder ce qu’il se passe à l’étranger, puisqu’en France aussi, des voix d’extrême droite, des programmes et des mouvements pro-vie mettent en péril un droit légitimement acquis il y a cinquante ans. Aux portes de notre pays, en Italie, en Ukraine, en Pologne, des femmes n’ont pas le droit d’avorter, ce droit leur étant même refusé, dans certains pays, en cas de viol ou d’inceste."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Riotton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351862",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351862"
   ],
   "order": 932,
   "text": "Le Conseil d’État a indiqué qu’aucun texte ne garantissait l’intangibilité du droit à avorter. Il est donc très important d’aborder ce projet avec beaucoup d’humilité, puisque ce droit n’est toujours pas garanti aujourd’hui, et de vous exhorter à adopter la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 932,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351862",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N3562de1a9605",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil d’État a indiqué qu’aucun texte ne garantissait l’intangibilité du droit à avorter. Il est donc très important d’aborder ce projet avec beaucoup d’humilité, puisque ce droit n’est toujours pas garanti aujourd’hui, et de vous exhorter à adopter la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351864",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351864"
   ],
   "order": 934,
   "text": "Mon propos s’adresse tout particulièrement aux auteurs de l’amendement.Vous ne comprenez pas pourquoi nous nous engageons pour la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’avortement car à vous croire, l’accès à l’IVG ne serait pas en danger en France.Je ne répéterai pas les exemples que j’ai cités pendant la discussion générale et qui attestent du retrait, dans différents pays, de l’accès à l’IVG. Ces exemples sont d’ailleurs trop nombreux pour que je puisse tous les énumérer dans le temps qui m’est imparti, mais il faut cesser de nier la réalité.Les associations antichoix mènent des campagnes pernicieuses, qu’aucun d’entre nous ne saurait ignorer. Là encore, nous ne pouvons pas faire comme si cela n’existait pas.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 934,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351864",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N5622d90065b1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon propos s’adresse tout particulièrement aux auteurs de l’amendement.Vous ne comprenez pas pourquoi nous nous engageons pour la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’avortement car à vous croire, l’accès à l’IVG ne serait pas en danger en France.Je ne répéterai pas les exemples que j’ai cités pendant la discussion générale et qui attestent du retrait, dans différents pays, de l’accès à l’IVG. Ces exemples sont d’ailleurs trop nombreux pour que je puisse tous les énumérer dans le temps qui m’est imparti, mais il faut cesser de nier la réalité.Les associations antichoix mènent des campagnes pernicieuses, qu’aucun d’entre nous ne saurait ignorer. Là encore, nous ne pouvons pas faire comme si cela n’existait pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351869",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351869"
   ],
   "order": 939,
   "text": "Le Conseil d’État a reconnu que l’IVG n’avait jamais été consacrée par le juge constitutionnel sous la forme d’un droit fondamental. Aujourd’hui, nous souhaitons cette consécration.Vous vous défendez d’être contre le droit à l’IVG, mais c’est bien vous qui vous étiez opposés, alors que j’étais corapporteure avec Albane Gaillot de la loi visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement, à la prolongation des délais d’accès à l’IVG de douze à quatorze semaines.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 939,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351869",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 72,
   "annotation_id": "N5dcc501ee6f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil d’État a reconnu que l’IVG n’avait jamais été consacrée par le juge constitutionnel sous la forme d’un droit fondamental. Aujourd’hui, nous souhaitons cette consécration.Vous vous défendez d’être contre le droit à l’IVG, mais c’est bien vous qui vous étiez opposés, alors que j’étais corapporteure avec [PERSONNE] de la loi visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement, à la prolongation des délais d’accès à l’IVG de douze à quatorze semaines."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351875",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351875"
   ],
   "order": 945,
   "text": "Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir plus tard sur la clause de conscience mais je tenais, monsieur le ministre, à corriger ce que vous avez dit à mon sujet. Je n’ai pas dit qu’il n’y avait pas d’urgence…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 945,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351875",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N5284d70a15af",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir plus tard sur la clause de conscience mais je tenais, monsieur le ministre, à corriger ce que vous avez dit à mon sujet. Je n’ai pas dit qu’il n’y avait pas d’urgence…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351881",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351881"
   ],
   "order": 951,
   "text": "Vous avez moqué mon propos, assez facilement je dois le dire, en expliquant que la prévention n’était pas l’enjeu et que je méconnaissais la réalité. Votre réponse me sidère car au fond, vous procédez toujours de la même façon, c’est-à-dire à l’envers.De la même manière que vous vous empressez de préparer une loi sur l’euthanasie avant d’avoir généralisé les soins palliatifs en France, vous voulez inscrire le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution avant de vous être attaqué aux causes des IVG, toujours plus nombreuses.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 951,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351881",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Nd845d1cdf60d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez moqué mon propos, assez facilement je dois le dire, en expliquant que la prévention n’était pas l’enjeu et que je méconnaissais la réalité. Votre réponse me sidère car au fond, vous procédez toujours de la même façon, c’est-à-dire à l’envers.De la même manière que vous vous empressez de préparer une loi sur l’euthanasie avant d’avoir généralisé les soins palliatifs en France, vous voulez inscrire le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution avant de vous être attaqué aux causes des IVG, toujours plus nombreuses."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351884",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351884"
   ],
   "order": 954,
   "text": "Je veux bien donner crédit aux députés qui s’alarment des menaces pesant sur l’IVG en France, mais des IVG, il y en a toujours plus chaque année. Comment soutenir alors que l’IVG est menacée ? Je ne comprends pas.Pourquoi, pour vous attaquer aux causes de ces IVG, ne pas recruter des infirmières dans les collèges et dans les lycées ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 954,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351884",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N23a4906dd4b5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux bien donner crédit aux députés qui s’alarment des menaces pesant sur l’IVG en France, mais des IVG, il y en a toujours plus chaque année. Comment soutenir alors que l’IVG est menacée ? Je ne comprends pas.Pourquoi, pour vous attaquer aux causes de ces IVG, ne pas recruter des infirmières dans les collèges et dans les lycées ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352059",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352059"
   ],
   "order": 957,
   "text": "Personne n’évoque cette solution, mais recrutons ces professionnels de santé pour qu’ils enseignent aux gamins ce qu’est véritablement la sexualité et les risques qu’implique un rapport sexuel non protégé ! Faisons-le, chiche ! Vous n’en parlez pas, mais ces infirmières pourraient informer et conseiller les plus jeunes. Vous, vous préférez ne pas traiter les causes et inscrire la liberté des femmes de disposer de leur corps dans la Constitution.C’est très bien, sauf que vous ne vous souciez pas des conséquences des IVG pour celles qui y recourent.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 957,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352059",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "Nc503ae37e453",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Personne n’évoque cette solution, mais recrutons ces professionnels de santé pour qu’ils enseignent aux gamins ce qu’est véritablement la sexualité et les risques qu’implique un rapport sexuel non protégé ! Faisons-le, chiche ! Vous n’en parlez pas, mais ces infirmières pourraient informer et conseiller les plus jeunes. Vous, vous préférez ne pas traiter les causes et inscrire la liberté des femmes de disposer de leur corps dans la Constitution.C’est très bien, sauf que vous ne vous souciez pas des conséquences des IVG pour celles qui y recourent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351888",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351888"
   ],
   "order": 960,
   "text": "Après tout, pourquoi auriez-vous ce souci, puisque votre objectif est atteint : les femmes peuvent jouir de leur corps en toute liberté. Très bien mais le problème ne sera pas réglé et nous compterons chaque année toujours plus d’IVG en France. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 960,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351888",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N4a7f5faffd6d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Après tout, pourquoi auriez-vous ce souci, puisque votre objectif est atteint : les femmes peuvent jouir de leur corps en toute liberté. Très bien mais le problème ne sera pas réglé et nous compterons chaque année toujours plus d’IVG en France. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352112",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352112"
   ],
   "order": 962,
   "text": "Je souhaite tout d’abord rappeler que, dans son avis, le Conseil d’État confirme que l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ne fait l’objet d’aucune consécration dans le droit, que ce soit dans la Constitution, la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, les protocoles additionnels, le droit de l’Union européenne, la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, celle de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme ou de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. Nous devons donc consacrer ce droit dans la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)Ensuite, les militantes polonaises avec qui nous avons discuté nous ont raconté avec quelle rapidité le droit à la contraception et à l’avortement avait été remis en cause. Elles ne s’y attendaient pas du tout ! Si elles sont en train de reconquérir le droit à la contraception, la perte du droit à l’avortement fut à l’origine de six décès ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES. – M. Philippe Brun applaudit également.) Dès lors, il y a urgence à inscrire ce droit dans la Constitution, tant qu’il n’est pas remis en cause.Quant au Rassemblement national, nous ne croyons pas une seule seconde ses déclarations, d’autant plus que ses représentants prennent comme modèle Viktor Orbán,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 962,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352112",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 216,
   "annotation_id": "N4eee26067c78",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite tout d’abord rappeler que, dans son avis, le Conseil d’État confirme que l’interruption volontaire de grossesse ne fait l’objet d’aucune consécration dans le droit, que ce soit dans la Constitution, la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, les protocoles additionnels, le droit de l’Union européenne, la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, celle de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme ou de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. Nous devons donc consacrer ce droit dans la Constitution. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Ensuite, les militantes polonaises avec qui nous avons discuté nous ont raconté avec quelle rapidité le droit à la contraception et à l’avortement avait été remis en cause. Elles ne s’y attendaient pas du tout ! Si elles sont en train de reconquérir le droit à la contraception, la perte du droit à l’avortement fut à l’origine de six décès ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Dès lors, il y a urgence à inscrire ce droit dans la Constitution, tant qu’il n’est pas remis en cause.Quant au [GROUPE], nous ne croyons pas une seule seconde ses déclarations, d’autant plus que ses représentants prennent comme modèle Viktor Orbán,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352116",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352116"
   ],
   "order": 966,
   "text": "…lequel oblige les femmes à écouter le cœur du fœtus avant de pouvoir avorter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et Écolo-NUPES.) On peut également citer l’Italie ! Oh certes, on ne touche pas à la législation mais on impose des clauses de conscience, on multiplie les obstacles et, finalement, le droit n’est plus accessible ! Nous savons bien de quel côté vous êtes. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Comme partout dans le monde, lorsque l’extrême droite arrive au pouvoir, elle s’en prend d’abord aux droits des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)Enfin, j’ai espoir en l’avenir car, à l’époque, votre famille politique avait combattu très ardemment la loi Veil. Or aujourd’hui, vous n’osez même plus dire que vous êtes contre l’avortement – ce que vous êtes au fond –, vous contentant de nous enjoindre à respecter l’équilibre de cette loi. Cela veut dire que nous avons gagné contre vous, les antidroits, les antichoix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) Nous continuerons à progresser, en votant cette nouvelle étape qui marquera non seulement une victoire des progressistes en faveur des droits humains, mais surtout une défaite des antichoix dans ce pays et dans le monde. (Les députés du groupe LFI-NUPES se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 966,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352116",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 245,
   "annotation_id": "N377b645835f0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…lequel oblige les femmes à écouter le cœur du fœtus avant de pouvoir avorter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].) On peut également citer l’Italie ! Oh certes, on ne touche pas à la législation mais on impose des clauses de conscience, on multiplie les obstacles et, finalement, le droit n’est plus accessible ! Nous savons bien de quel côté vous êtes. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Comme partout dans le monde, lorsque l’extrême droite arrive au pouvoir, elle s’en prend d’abord aux droits des femmes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Enfin, j’ai espoir en l’avenir car, à l’époque, votre famille politique avait combattu très ardemment la loi Veil. Or aujourd’hui, vous n’osez même plus dire que vous êtes contre l’avortement – ce que vous êtes au fond –, vous contentant de nous enjoindre à respecter l’équilibre de cette loi. Cela veut dire que nous avons gagné contre vous, les antidroits, les antichoix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) Nous continuerons à progresser, en votant cette nouvelle étape qui marquera non seulement une victoire des progressistes en faveur des droits humains, mais surtout une défaite des antichoix dans ce pays et dans le monde. (Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352119",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352119"
   ],
   "order": 969,
   "text": "Je ne comprends pas tous les arguments développés dans cet hémicycle. Le Conseil d’État n’est pas CNews mais une instance de la République, garante de la légalité des lois que nous votons.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 969,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352119",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "Na2706e7b6145",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne comprends pas tous les arguments développés dans cet hémicycle. Le Conseil d’État n’est pas CNews mais une instance de la République, garante de la légalité des lois que nous votons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352125",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352125"
   ],
   "order": 975,
   "text": "Dans ce cas, pourquoi refusez-vous systématiquement l’inscription de programmes d’éducation à l’égalité dans les écoles ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.) Pourquoi êtes-vous les premiers et les premières à supprimer les subventions au Planning familial, si vous tenez tant que cela à limiter le recours à l’IVG ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 975,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352125",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N3d948ccc87d4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans ce cas, pourquoi refusez-vous systématiquement l’inscription de programmes d’éducation à l’égalité dans les écoles ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Pourquoi êtes-vous les premiers et les premières à supprimer les subventions au Planning familial, si vous tenez tant que cela à limiter le recours à l’IVG ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352127",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352127"
   ],
   "order": 977,
   "text": "Pourquoi refusez-vous la constitutionnalisation de ce droit si elle est inutile ? La vérité est que vous ne voulez pas que celui-ci devienne un droit fondamental des femmes, alors que c’est ce que nous devons faire aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 977,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352127",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N0f9bad8049b7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi refusez-vous la constitutionnalisation de ce droit si elle est inutile ? La vérité est que vous ne voulez pas que celui-ci devienne un droit fondamental des femmes, alors que c’est ce que nous devons faire aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Genevard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352132",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352132"
   ],
   "order": 982,
   "text": "…je rappelle que vous n’avez pas le droit de faire un procès d’intention au groupe LR. Il s’agit non pas d’un débat sur le bien-fondé ou non du droit à l’IVG, mais sur sa constitutionnalité.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 982,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352132",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N9f103b1e6b9c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…je rappelle que vous n’avez pas le droit de faire un procès d’intention au groupe [GROUPE]. Il s’agit non pas d’un débat sur le bien-fondé ou non du droit à l’IVG, mais sur sa constitutionnalité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Genevard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352134",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352134"
   ],
   "order": 984,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas du tout la même chose.Messieurs le rapporteur et le garde des sceaux, vous avez invoqué deux types d’arguments. Vous avez dit que partout à l’étranger, le droit à l’IVG était remis en cause…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 984,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352134",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N6fafcc4473d0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas du tout la même chose.Messieurs le rapporteur et le garde des sceaux, vous avez invoqué deux types d’arguments. Vous avez dit que partout à l’étranger, le droit à l’IVG était remis en cause…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Genevard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352137",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352137"
   ],
   "order": 987,
   "text": "…et que, par conséquent, il serait urgent de légiférer.Cela fait dix ans que je siège dans cet hémicycle. À chaque fois que nous avons débattu de cette question, nous n’avons jamais remis en cause ce droit mais l’avons élargi. J’en veux pour preuve l’adoption par l’Assemblée de l’amendement, défendu par Mme Battistel lors de l’examen du projet de loi relatif à la bioéthique en juillet 2020, qui visait à permettre la réalisation d’une interruption médicale de grossesse jusqu’à neuf mois, en raison de la détresse psychosociale de la femme. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 987,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352137",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 96,
   "annotation_id": "Nace79dbe1193",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et que, par conséquent, il serait urgent de légiférer.Cela fait dix ans que je siège dans cet hémicycle. À chaque fois que nous avons débattu de cette question, nous n’avons jamais remis en cause ce droit mais l’avons élargi. J’en veux pour preuve l’adoption par l’Assemblée de l’amendement, défendu par Mme Battistel lors de l’examen du projet de loi relatif à la bioéthique en juillet 2020, qui visait à permettre la réalisation d’une interruption médicale de grossesse jusqu’à neuf mois, en raison de la détresse psychosociale de la femme. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Genevard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352141",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352141"
   ],
   "order": 991,
   "text": "N’est-ce pas, madame la députée ?Heureusement, il a été retoqué par le Sénat. Nous ne nous sommes donc jamais prononcés dans le sens d’un rétrécissement de ce droit mais toujours en faveur de son élargissement.Le deuxième argument invoqué est l’existence d’associations anti-IVG. C’est vrai, elles sont là depuis longtemps. Néanmoins, vous n’ignorez pas que nous sommes dans un pays de liberté d’expression. Ce n’est pas mon opinion mais on a le droit d’exprimer son opposition au droit à l’IVG. (Mme Ségolène Amiot s’exclame.) Je ne vois pas en quoi ce serait infondé. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)Enfin, vous voulez constitutionnaliser ce droit de manière préventive. Cette position est fort discutable, ce qui explique que nous souhaitions supprimer l’article. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 991,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352141",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 127,
   "annotation_id": "N53e4a950e376",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "N’est-ce pas, madame la députée ?Heureusement, il a été retoqué par le Sénat. Nous ne nous sommes donc jamais prononcés dans le sens d’un rétrécissement de ce droit mais toujours en faveur de son élargissement.Le deuxième argument invoqué est l’existence d’associations anti-IVG. C’est vrai, elles sont là depuis longtemps. Néanmoins, vous n’ignorez pas que nous sommes dans un pays de liberté d’expression. Ce n’est pas mon opinion mais on a le droit d’exprimer son opposition au droit à l’IVG. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Je ne vois pas en quoi ce serait infondé. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Enfin, vous voulez constitutionnaliser ce droit de manière préventive. Cette position est fort discutable, ce qui explique que nous souhaitions supprimer l’article. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795266",
   "speaker": "Agnès Carel",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Carel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352146",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352146"
   ],
   "order": 996,
   "text": "Ne nous trompons pas de débat. La question est de savoir si nous devons ou non inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Vous venez de nous prouver que, tout compte fait, ce ne serait pas inutile.Relisez l’avis du Conseil d’État : la loi ordinaire ne garantit pas ce droit. Il ne serait donc pas inutile de l’inscrire dans notre Constitution car il mérite d’être sacralisé. Nous ne sommes plus sous le coup de l’émotion suscitée par ce qui s’est passé aux États-Unis. Depuis quelques mois, nous avons dépassé ce stade, mais nous sommes décidés à protéger nos droits pour préserver notre avenir.Jusqu’à présent, je croyais qu’il n’y avait pas urgence. Après avoir écouté certains orateurs, j’ai changé d’avis. En tout cas, le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps est inaliénable et doit le rester. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe RE et LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Ian Boucard applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 996,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352146",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 160,
   "annotation_id": "N566003d93252",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ne nous trompons pas de débat. La question est de savoir si nous devons ou non inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Vous venez de nous prouver que, tout compte fait, ce ne serait pas inutile.Relisez l’avis du Conseil d’État : la loi ordinaire ne garantit pas ce droit. Il ne serait donc pas inutile de l’inscrire dans notre Constitution car il mérite d’être sacralisé. Nous ne sommes plus sous le coup de l’émotion suscitée par ce qui s’est passé aux États-Unis. Depuis quelques mois, nous avons dépassé ce stade, mais nous sommes décidés à protéger nos droits pour préserver notre avenir.Jusqu’à présent, je croyais qu’il n’y avait pas urgence. Après avoir écouté certains orateurs, j’ai changé d’avis. En tout cas, le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps est inaliénable et doit le rester. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe RE et [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333421",
   "speaker": "Bertrand Pancher",
   "quality": "M. Bertrand Pancher",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352150",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352150"
   ],
   "order": 1000,
   "text": "Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution est bien entendu une garantie supplémentaire. J’invite les uns et les autres à se méfier en permanence des tentatives de remise en cause des droits et des libertés publiques.Dans de nombreuses démocraties qui nous entourent, des pans entiers de libertés publiques sont remis en cause, tels le droit à l’information, l’indépendance de la justice ou encore la séparation des pouvoirs – qui aurait pu le penser ?Par conséquent, nous ne pouvons que nous réjouir d’apporter une garantie supplémentaire, en inscrivant ce droit dans la Constitution. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle soit adopté. Nous nous opposons donc aux amendements de suppression de l’article. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1000,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352150",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "N7768adc96b2e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution est bien entendu une garantie supplémentaire. J’invite les uns et les autres à se méfier en permanence des tentatives de remise en cause des droits et des libertés publiques.Dans de nombreuses démocraties qui nous entourent, des pans entiers de libertés publiques sont remis en cause, tels le droit à l’information, l’indépendance de la justice ou encore la séparation des pouvoirs – qui aurait pu le penser ?Par conséquent, nous ne pouvons que nous réjouir d’apporter une garantie supplémentaire, en inscrivant ce droit dans la Constitution. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle soit adopté. Nous nous opposons donc aux amendements de suppression de l’article. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA791824",
   "speaker": "Sarah Legrain",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Legrain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352159",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352159"
   ],
   "order": 1008,
   "text": "Comme de nombreux orateurs avant moi, j’exprime l’émotion qui m’étreint, à l’instant où je prends la parole dans cet hémicycle, alors que nous vivons un moment que nous considérons toutes et tous comme historique.Nous allons adopter un texte historique qui est un texte de compromis. Bien entendu, nous le soutiendrons contre certaines voix qui s’expriment ici, ne serait-ce que pour infliger une défaite au discours antichoix (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES) et pour faire valoir le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps.Pourtant, nous estimons nécessaire de rappeler la rédaction initiale de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle que nous avions déposée, signée par 114 sénateurs appartenant à cinq groupes politiques et par tous les députés de quatre groupes politiques, et adoptée le 16 novembre 2022 à l’Assemblée.Le texte visait à élargir et à rendre encore plus effective la garantie du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. En effet, il tendait à garantir, à toute personne qui en faisait la demande, l’accès effectif tant à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse qu’à la contraception.La question de la contraception n’est pas une petite question. Tout comme l’accès à l’IVG, le droit à la contraception a été obtenu de haute lutte par ces femmes qui se sont battues, le Planning familial que je salue, et tant d’autres.L’accès à droit, strictement encadré au départ, en particulier pour ce qui concernait la contraception d’urgence, la pilule du lendemain, a été progressivement élargi. En Pologne, c’est d’abord la contraception d’urgence qui a été remise en cause avant que ne vienne le tour de l’IVG. Il est donc important d’inclure cette dimension.D’autre part, il est fondamental de garantir l’effectivité de ces droits. Du fait des politiques d’austérité, 130 centres IVG ont fermé en une dizaine d’années et nous sommes confrontés à une pénurie de pilules abortives. L’accès à ces droits s’en trouve menacé. L’heure est non pas au réarmement démographique mais au réarmement du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "113",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1008,
   "amendments": [
    "113"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352159",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 342,
   "annotation_id": "N714ece978697",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme de nombreux orateurs avant moi, j’exprime l’émotion qui m’étreint, à l’instant où je prends la parole dans cet hémicycle, alors que nous vivons un moment que nous considérons toutes et tous comme historique.Nous allons adopter un texte historique qui est un texte de compromis. Bien entendu, nous le soutiendrons contre certaines voix qui s’expriment ici, ne serait-ce que pour infliger une défaite au discours antichoix (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et pour faire valoir le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps.Pourtant, nous estimons nécessaire de rappeler la rédaction initiale de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle que nous avions déposée, signée par 114 sénateurs appartenant à cinq groupes politiques et par tous les députés de quatre groupes politiques, et adoptée le 16 novembre 2022 à l’Assemblée.Le texte visait à élargir et à rendre encore plus effective la garantie du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. En effet, il tendait à garantir, à toute personne qui en faisait la demande, l’accès effectif tant à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse qu’à la contraception.La question de la contraception n’est pas une petite question. Tout comme l’accès à l’IVG, le droit à la contraception a été obtenu de haute lutte par ces femmes qui se sont battues, le Planning familial que je salue, et tant d’autres.L’accès à droit, strictement encadré au départ, en particulier pour ce qui concernait la contraception d’urgence, la pilule du lendemain, a été progressivement élargi. En Pologne, c’est d’abord la contraception d’urgence qui a été remise en cause avant que ne vienne le tour de l’IVG. Il est donc important d’inclure cette dimension.D’autre part, il est fondamental de garantir l’effectivité de ces droits. Du fait des politiques d’austérité, 130 centres IVG ont fermé en une dizaine d’années et nous sommes confrontés à une pénurie de pilules abortives. L’accès à ces droits s’en trouve menacé. L’heure est non pas au réarmement démographique mais au réarmement du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352167",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352167"
   ],
   "order": 1016,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, nous réaffirmons notre préférence pour une rédaction différente qui aurait consacré un droit plutôt qu’une liberté – même si elle est garantie –, ce qui nous aurait semblé plus protecteur.Pour la même raison, nous aurions préféré inscrire cette disposition à l’article 1er plutôt qu’à l’article 34.Enfin, nous aurions souhaité que la rédaction inclue également la contraception.Cependant, il s’agit-là d’un amendement d’appel et nous nous rangerons à la rédaction retenue puisqu’elle sera le fruit d’un compromis. En effet, il est très important que ce texte, qui doit être examiné par le Sénat, nous emmène au Congrès ! Il demeure que nous tenions à vous proposer cette autre rédaction, défendue il y a quelque temps par Cécile Untermaier. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "68",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1016,
   "amendments": [
    "68"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352167",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "N5540adb67e72",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, nous réaffirmons notre préférence pour une rédaction différente qui aurait consacré un droit plutôt qu’une liberté – même si elle est garantie –, ce qui nous aurait semblé plus protecteur.Pour la même raison, nous aurions préféré inscrire cette disposition à l’article 1er plutôt qu’à l’article 34.Enfin, nous aurions souhaité que la rédaction inclue également la contraception.Cependant, il s’agit-là d’un amendement d’appel et nous nous rangerons à la rédaction retenue puisqu’elle sera le fruit d’un compromis. En effet, il est très important que ce texte, qui doit être examiné par le Sénat, nous emmène au Congrès ! Il demeure que nous tenions à vous proposer cette autre rédaction, défendue il y a quelque temps par [PERSONNE]. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793872",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Oziol",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Oziol",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352172",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352172"
   ],
   "order": 1021,
   "text": "Il vise à garantir l’égal accès au droit à la contraception et à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Souvent, le recours à l’IVG apparaît comme toléré mais n’est pas garanti. Ainsi, la loi du 2 mars 2022 visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement, dite loi Gaillot, tendait à étendre la compétence de la pratique des IVG par méthode instrumentale aux sages-femmes en établissement de santé. Or le décret d’application impose qu’au moins quatre médecins soient disponibles sur site ou à distance pour qu’une sage-femme puisse réaliser une IVG instrumentale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Imposer de pareilles conditions, non seulement ne va pas dans le sens du renforcement ou de l’élargissement du droit à l’IVG, mais l’entrave. Ces dispositions vont donc à rebours des attentes de notre époque.Aujourd’hui, nous débattons de l’inscription du droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. De nombreux parlementaires et de nombreux groupes politiques s’expriment en ce sens. Pour que l’égal accès au droit à la contraception et à l’IVG soit effectif, nous devons aussi acter le principe de non-régression. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Graver le droit à l’IVG dans le marbre de la Constitution revient à l’inscrire pour de bon sans pouvoir y renoncer. C’est un acte franc, clair, résolu. Limiter ou réduire ce droit revient à ne pas le garantir.On ne dispose pas de son corps à moitié. Il s’agit d’entériner et de consacrer le droit à l’IVG et à la contraception. Les avis à ce sujet sont tranchés et non pas mitigés, notre débat le prouve. On entend qu’il serait inutile de constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG. Il n’y a pourtant qu’un pas de la remise en question de la constitutionnalisation à celle du droit tout court ! Garantissons ce droit pleinement, entièrement, franchement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "109",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1021,
   "amendments": [
    "109"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352172",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 302,
   "annotation_id": "N861a8df15176",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALMQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à garantir l’égal accès au droit à la contraception et à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Souvent, le recours à l’IVG apparaît comme toléré mais n’est pas garanti. Ainsi, la loi du 2 mars 2022 visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement, dite loi Gaillot, tendait à étendre la compétence de la pratique des IVG par méthode instrumentale aux sages-femmes en établissement de santé. Or le décret d’application impose qu’au moins quatre médecins soient disponibles sur site ou à distance pour qu’une sage-femme puisse réaliser une IVG instrumentale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Imposer de pareilles conditions, non seulement ne va pas dans le sens du renforcement ou de l’élargissement du droit à l’IVG, mais l’entrave. Ces dispositions vont donc à rebours des attentes de notre époque.Aujourd’hui, nous débattons de l’inscription du droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. De nombreux parlementaires et de nombreux groupes politiques s’expriment en ce sens. Pour que l’égal accès au droit à la contraception et à l’IVG soit effectif, nous devons aussi acter le principe de non-régression. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Graver le droit à l’IVG dans le marbre de la Constitution revient à l’inscrire pour de bon sans pouvoir y renoncer. C’est un acte franc, clair, résolu. Limiter ou réduire ce droit revient à ne pas le garantir.On ne dispose pas de son corps à moitié. Il s’agit d’entériner et de consacrer le droit à l’IVG et à la contraception. Les avis à ce sujet sont tranchés et non pas mitigés, notre débat le prouve. On entend qu’il serait inutile de constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG. Il n’y a pourtant qu’un pas de la remise en question de la constitutionnalisation à celle du droit tout court ! Garantissons ce droit pleinement, entièrement, franchement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352305",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352305"
   ],
   "order": 1025,
   "text": "Il tend à reprendre la rédaction transpartisane à laquelle nous étions parvenus lors des travaux sur la précédente proposition de loi constitutionnelle. Mme Panot avait proposé une formulation, Mme Bergé une autre, et puis quelques-uns – et surtout quelques-unes – avaient trouvé une rédaction commune répondant à un objectif de solidité, tout en rappelant des principes auxquels nous tenons : la non-régression et l’effectivité du droit à l’IVG. La loi, en effet, ne suffit pas toujours à rendre ce droit effectif, pour des raisons de santé publique et parfois à cause de la double clause de conscience. Déposer de nouveau cet amendement transpartisan est une manière de rappeler à la fois ces principes et cette exigence de solidité. C’est aussi l’occasion de rappeler aux collègues ici présents, et plus particulièrement aux sénateurs et aux sénatrices, que nous avons déjà fait beaucoup de chemin sur la voie du compromis.Plusieurs versions étaient en effet en discussion et je rappelle que celle de Mme Panot s’attachait aussi à défendre le droit à la contraception, dont on sait que la remise en cause peut conduire à celle du droit à l’IVG. Nous demandons aux sénateurs de faire à leur tour une part du chemin, sans s’arc-bouter sur leur propre version. À moins qu’ils ne veuillent envoyer un message différent, à savoir qu’ils ne veulent pas vraiment constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG. Soit ils sont eux aussi disposés au compromis pour aller au bout de cette longue lutte, soit ils ne veulent pas vraiment y arriver. (M. Jérémie Iordanoff applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "63",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1025,
   "amendments": [
    "63"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352305",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 255,
   "annotation_id": "N7621f7be46b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il tend à reprendre la rédaction transpartisane à laquelle nous étions parvenus lors des travaux sur la précédente proposition de loi constitutionnelle. Mme Panot avait proposé une formulation, Mme Bergé une autre, et puis quelques-uns – et surtout quelques-unes – avaient trouvé une rédaction commune répondant à un objectif de solidité, tout en rappelant des principes auxquels nous tenons : la non-régression et l’effectivité du droit à l’IVG. La loi, en effet, ne suffit pas toujours à rendre ce droit effectif, pour des raisons de santé publique et parfois à cause de la double clause de conscience. Déposer de nouveau cet amendement transpartisan est une manière de rappeler à la fois ces principes et cette exigence de solidité. C’est aussi l’occasion de rappeler aux collègues ici présents, et plus particulièrement aux sénateurs et aux sénatrices, que nous avons déjà fait beaucoup de chemin sur la voie du compromis.Plusieurs versions étaient en effet en discussion et je rappelle que celle de Mme Panot s’attachait aussi à défendre le droit à la contraception, dont on sait que la remise en cause peut conduire à celle du droit à l’IVG. Nous demandons aux sénateurs de faire à leur tour une part du chemin, sans s’arc-bouter sur leur propre version. À moins qu’ils ne veuillent envoyer un message différent, à savoir qu’ils ne veulent pas vraiment constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG. Soit ils sont eux aussi disposés au compromis pour aller au bout de cette longue lutte, soit ils ne veulent pas vraiment y arriver. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719146",
   "speaker": "Jean-Félix Acquaviva",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352308",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352308"
   ],
   "order": 1028,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à reprendre, lui aussi, la rédaction de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle adoptée par l’Assemblée le 24 novembre 2022 qui nous paraît plus adaptée pour préserver et protéger ce droit fondamental puisqu’elle insiste sur l’égal accès et l’effectivité.La discussion d’un projet de loi constitutionnelle est néanmoins un exercice juridique et démocratique qui exige de faire preuve de responsabilité. Aussi nous rendrons-nous à la version rédigée par le Gouvernement.À la suite de Mme Faucillon, nous appelons également les sénateurs à la responsabilité. Sur un sujet aussi fondamental et à l’heure d’une possible remise en cause de ce droit, cinquante après son instauration, on ne peut pas faire de la politique politicienne. Nous en appelons donc à la responsabilité de l’Assemblée et du Sénat et nous retirons cet amendement après l’avoir soutenu.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "64",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1028,
   "amendments": [
    "64"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352308",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "N82ca57c97ad1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à reprendre, lui aussi, la rédaction de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle adoptée par l’Assemblée le 24 novembre 2022 qui nous paraît plus adaptée pour préserver et protéger ce droit fondamental puisqu’elle insiste sur l’égal accès et l’effectivité.La discussion d’un projet de loi constitutionnelle est néanmoins un exercice juridique et démocratique qui exige de faire preuve de responsabilité. Aussi nous rendrons-nous à la version rédigée par le Gouvernement.À la suite de Mme Faucillon, nous appelons également les sénateurs à la responsabilité. Sur un sujet aussi fondamental et à l’heure d’une possible remise en cause de ce droit, cinquante après son instauration, on ne peut pas faire de la politique politicienne. Nous en appelons donc à la responsabilité de l’Assemblée et du Sénat et nous retirons cet amendement après l’avoir soutenu."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA588884",
   "speaker": "Clémentine Autain",
   "quality": "Mme Clémentine Autain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352312",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352312"
   ],
   "order": 1033,
   "text": "Je voudrais d’abord exprimer ma fierté et ma joie de voir inscrit à l’ordre du jour un texte consolidant dans notre droit la liberté fondamentale, pour les femmes, de pouvoir avorter, de disposer de son corps et de choisir d’avoir ou non un enfant. Nous la devons à toutes les femmes et à toutes les féministes qui se sont battues depuis un siècle pour changer le cours de l’histoire. Ayons conscience que pour défendre ce droit à l’IVG, il est important qu’il existe dans les faits. C’est pourquoi nous insistons sur l’effectivité et l’égal accès. Aujourd’hui, en effet, la possibilité donnée en droit est entravée dans les faits par des difficultés concrètes, matérielles, liées à des choix de politique publique.Je pense d’abord aux médicaments administrés lors des IVG qui ont connu, vous ne le savez peut-être pas, des ruptures de stock durant des mois – trois pour Gymiso et deux pour MisoOne. Vous voyez bien le problème : si on a le droit d’avorter mais qu’on ne peut pas prendre la pilule abortive, la responsabilité en revient aux politiques publiques.Je pense ensuite à un problème concret : le manque de gynécologues. Quand on veut avorter, il faut d’abord trouver la porte d’un gynécologue ouverte. Or la situation est dramatique. En secteur 1, il est très compliqué d’obtenir un rendez-vous, il faut souvent compter plusieurs mois.Enfin, je pense au carnage du service public, qui manque cruellement de moyens, notamment en matière d’accès aux soins. L’obsession de la rentabilité conduit à la fermeture de centres IVG, car l’IVG n’est pas très rentable. Si le service public dépérit et que le privé ne les pratique pas non plus, vous voyez bien la quadrature du cercle infernale qui se met en place. Au bout du compte, de plus en plus de femmes sont contraintes d’aller avorter à l’étranger ou y renoncent carrément.Il ne suffira donc pas – je voulais alerter notre assemblée sur ce point – de constitutionnaliser l’IVG, même si c’est un pas historique fondamental. Il faudra se donner les moyens de cette liberté pour toutes partout sur le territoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "108",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1033,
   "amendments": [
    "108"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352312",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 357,
   "annotation_id": "N0d25c390cdfc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais d’abord exprimer ma fierté et ma joie de voir inscrit à l’ordre du jour un texte consolidant dans notre droit la liberté fondamentale, pour les femmes, de pouvoir avorter, de disposer de son corps et de choisir d’avoir ou non un enfant. Nous la devons à toutes les femmes et à toutes les féministes qui se sont battues depuis un siècle pour changer le cours de l’histoire. Ayons conscience que pour défendre ce droit à l’IVG, il est important qu’il existe dans les faits. C’est pourquoi nous insistons sur l’effectivité et l’égal accès. Aujourd’hui, en effet, la possibilité donnée en droit est entravée dans les faits par des difficultés concrètes, matérielles, liées à des choix de politique publique.Je pense d’abord aux médicaments administrés lors des IVG qui ont connu, vous ne le savez peut-être pas, des ruptures de stock durant des mois – trois pour Gymiso et deux pour MisoOne. Vous voyez bien le problème : si on a le droit d’avorter mais qu’on ne peut pas prendre la pilule abortive, la responsabilité en revient aux politiques publiques.Je pense ensuite à un problème concret : le manque de gynécologues. Quand on veut avorter, il faut d’abord trouver la porte d’un gynécologue ouverte. Or la situation est dramatique. En secteur 1, il est très compliqué d’obtenir un rendez-vous, il faut souvent compter plusieurs mois.Enfin, je pense au carnage du service public, qui manque cruellement de moyens, notamment en matière d’accès aux soins. L’obsession de la rentabilité conduit à la fermeture de centres IVG, car l’IVG n’est pas très rentable. Si le service public dépérit et que le privé ne les pratique pas non plus, vous voyez bien la quadrature du cercle infernale qui se met en place. Au bout du compte, de plus en plus de femmes sont contraintes d’aller avorter à l’étranger ou y renoncent carrément.Il ne suffira donc pas – je voulais alerter notre assemblée sur ce point – de constitutionnaliser l’IVG, même si c’est un pas historique fondamental. Il faudra se donner les moyens de cette liberté pour toutes partout sur le territoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352318",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352318"
   ],
   "order": 1039,
   "text": "Je regrette parfois le ton du débat. Notre collègue Panot, notamment, prétend avoir gagné. Il n’y a pourtant pas de gagnants et de perdants dans les domaines relevant de l’éthique ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1039,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352318",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N976094adb8e2",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je regrette parfois le ton du débat. Notre collègue Panot, notamment, prétend avoir gagné. Il n’y a pourtant pas de gagnants et de perdants dans les domaines relevant de l’éthique ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352320",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352320"
   ],
   "order": 1041,
   "text": "Des principes se confrontent les uns aux autres : d’un côté l’autonomie, la liberté de la femme ; de l’autre la vulnérabilité, la fragilité, la nécessaire protection de la vie à naître. En matière d’éthique ou de bioéthique – certains ont l’habitude de ces textes –, il faut effectivement essayer de concilier des principes. Parfois, ça se passe bien ; d’autres fois, la confrontation n’est pas évidente. Certains, ou certaines d’entre vous, vont évidemment tenter de transformer le débat en combat, en lutte des classes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1041,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352320",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Ndfa6436f8de6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Des principes se confrontent les uns aux autres : d’un côté l’autonomie, la liberté de la femme ; de l’autre la vulnérabilité, la fragilité, la nécessaire protection de la vie à naître. En matière d’éthique ou de bioéthique – certains ont l’habitude de ces textes –, il faut effectivement essayer de concilier des principes. Parfois, ça se passe bien ; d’autres fois, la confrontation n’est pas évidente. Certains, ou certaines d’entre vous, vont évidemment tenter de transformer le débat en combat, en lutte des classes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352433",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352433"
   ],
   "order": 1043,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas notre approche des débats éthiques, qui commandent de concilier des principes et de les travailler.Avec cet amendement, nous proposons une rédaction différente de l’article pour garantir l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans les conditions fixées par la loi. Parce que ce que vous constitutionnalisez, en l’état, ce n’est pas l’IVG, c’est la liberté de la femme, laquelle est déjà dans l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits l’homme et du citoyen.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1043,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352433",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "Ncc4416f8c2aa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas notre approche des débats éthiques, qui commandent de concilier des principes et de les travailler.Avec cet amendement, nous proposons une rédaction différente de l’article pour garantir l’interruption volontaire de grossesse dans les conditions fixées par la loi. Parce que ce que vous constitutionnalisez, en l’état, ce n’est pas l’IVG, c’est la liberté de la femme, laquelle est déjà dans l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits l’homme et du citoyen."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352325",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352325"
   ],
   "order": 1048,
   "text": "Or vous ne constitutionnalisez pas la protection de la vie à naître. Il y a donc bien un déséquilibre. Vous faites le choix de constitutionnaliser non pas l’IVG mais la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG, ce qui est différent et conduira à un déséquilibre. La formulation que nous proposons – « L’interruption volontaire de grossesse est garantie dans les conditions fixées par la loi » – respecte les deux principes : à la fois la liberté de la femme, qu’il faut évidemment respecter, et la protection de la vie à naître, qu’il faut également respecter. Nous vous donnons l’occasion de débattre au fond, sans qu’il y ait des vainqueurs et des vaincus, hors de toute lutte des classes ou je ne sais quoi. Nous sommes simplement en train de rédiger la Constitution. La manière est importante.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1048,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352325",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "N7c26c9143382",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Or vous ne constitutionnalisez pas la protection de la vie à naître. Il y a donc bien un déséquilibre. Vous faites le choix de constitutionnaliser non pas l’IVG mais la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG, ce qui est différent et conduira à un déséquilibre. La formulation que nous proposons – « L’interruption volontaire de grossesse est garantie dans les conditions fixées par la loi » – respecte les deux principes : à la fois la liberté de la femme, qu’il faut évidemment respecter, et la protection de la vie à naître, qu’il faut également respecter. Nous vous donnons l’occasion de débattre au fond, sans qu’il y ait des vainqueurs et des vaincus, hors de toute lutte des classes ou je ne sais quoi. Nous sommes simplement en train de rédiger la Constitution. La manière est importante."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352327",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352327"
   ],
   "order": 1050,
   "text": "La loi Veil relative à l’IVG que vous proposez de constitutionnaliser, cela a été rappelé plusieurs fois, notamment par notre oratrice Émilie Bonnivard, était une loi d’équilibre : elle évoquait également la préservation et la protection de la vie à naître, tout en se préoccupant de la clause de conscience des professionnels. Ma question est très simple, monsieur le garde des sceaux : à partir du moment où vous constitutionnalisez l’un des éléments constitutifs du triptyque de la loi Veil et non pas les deux autres, n’allez-vous pas créer, hiérarchie des normes oblige, une asymétrie juridique au profit du droit à l’IVG ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "26",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1050,
   "amendments": [
    "26"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352327",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N691a0adf7917",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La loi Veil relative à l’IVG que vous proposez de constitutionnaliser, cela a été rappelé plusieurs fois, notamment par notre oratrice [PERSONNE], était une loi d’équilibre : elle évoquait également la préservation et la protection de la vie à naître, tout en se préoccupant de la clause de conscience des professionnels. Ma question est très simple, monsieur le garde des sceaux : à partir du moment où vous constitutionnalisez l’un des éléments constitutifs du triptyque de la loi Veil et non pas les deux autres, n’allez-vous pas créer, hiérarchie des normes oblige, une asymétrie juridique au profit du droit à l’IVG ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352329",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352329"
   ],
   "order": 1052,
   "text": "Argument supplémentaire pour le même amendement : on cite beaucoup Simone Veil, je le comprends parfaitement. Chacun a rappelé qu’elle n’avait pas estimé nécessaire de constitutionnaliser la loi, c’est une réalité.Il faut également revenir au grand discours prononcé par elle à cette tribune le 27 novembre 1974. Le mot « droit » n’y apparaît jamais, sinon à la fin : « [la loi] est faite pour s’appliquer à des situations individuelles souvent angoissantes », écrivait-elle, et chacun avait alors à l’esprit les avortements clandestins, les drames, les femmes qui parfois mouraient. Elle ajoutait que « si [la loi] n’interdit plus, elle ne crée aucun droit à l’avortement ». Voilà quel était son propos en 1974.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "118",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1052,
   "amendments": [
    "118"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352329",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "N04f4b6a4b011",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Argument supplémentaire pour le même amendement : on cite beaucoup Simone Veil, je le comprends parfaitement. Chacun a rappelé qu’elle n’avait pas estimé nécessaire de constitutionnaliser la loi, c’est une réalité.Il faut également revenir au grand discours prononcé par elle à cette tribune le 27 novembre 1974. Le mot « droit » n’y apparaît jamais, sinon à la fin : « [la loi] est faite pour s’appliquer à des situations individuelles souvent angoissantes », écrivait-elle, et chacun avait alors à l’esprit les avortements clandestins, les drames, les femmes qui parfois mouraient. Elle ajoutait que « si [la loi] n’interdit plus, elle ne crée aucun droit à l’avortement ». Voilà quel était son propos en 1974."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352332",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352332"
   ],
   "order": 1055,
   "text": "On était dans une logique du moindre mal, de l’équilibre, comme cela a été dit, entre la liberté donnée à la femme et le respect de cette vie, vie potentielle pour les uns, réelle pour d’autres, en tout cas d’une vie qui devient réalité si la femme finit par donner naissance. On s’est considérablement éloigné de cet équilibre et la proposition qui nous est faite s’en éloigne encore un peu plus.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "118",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1055,
   "amendments": [
    "118"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352332",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 71,
   "annotation_id": "N0d5f0cdf6840",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On était dans une logique du moindre mal, de l’équilibre, comme cela a été dit, entre la liberté donnée à la femme et le respect de cette vie, vie potentielle pour les uns, réelle pour d’autres, en tout cas d’une vie qui devient réalité si la femme finit par donner naissance. On s’est considérablement éloigné de cet équilibre et la proposition qui nous est faite s’en éloigne encore un peu plus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352337",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352337"
   ],
   "order": 1060,
   "text": "Je voudrais compléter les chiffres que je n’avais pas fini de citer tout à l’heure. Avant l’annulation, par la Cour suprême des États-Unis, de l’arrêt qui garantissait l’accès à l’IVG, il y avait 10 % d’avortements en moins.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "165",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1060,
   "amendments": [
    "165"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352337",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N2d023f168811",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais compléter les chiffres que je n’avais pas fini de citer tout à l’heure. Avant l’annulation, par la Cour suprême des États-Unis, de l’arrêt qui garantissait l’accès à l’IVG, il y avait 10 % d’avortements en moins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352341",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352341"
   ],
   "order": 1064,
   "text": "En réalité, la remise en cause de l’accès à l’IVG par la Cour suprême n’a pas réellement porté préjudice à l’accès des femmes à l’IVG. S’agissant de la clause de conscience des professionnels, comme l’a souligné notre collègue Hetzel, vous avez dit, monsieur le garde des sceaux, qu’elle serait garantie après la modification de la Constitution. Pouvez-vous dire ce qui la garantira ? Ne faudrait-il pas constitutionnaliser la clause de conscience en même temps que le droit à l’IVG ? Ce parallélisme formel nous rassurerait. À défaut, cela poserait plusieurs difficultés.J’ai une autre question à vous poser. L’article 34 de la Constitution délimite le domaine de la loi. Or le législateur a déjà voté des lois pour garantir le droit à l’IVG, et ce sans être restreint par le domaine de la loi. Puisqu’il n’est pas nécessaire de protéger ou de garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG par un droit, le législateur l’ayant déjà fait maintes et maintes fois dans le domaine de la loi, que voulez-vous faire véritablement ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "165",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1064,
   "amendments": [
    "165"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352341",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 171,
   "annotation_id": "N9b3aec783d6f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En réalité, la remise en cause de l’accès à l’IVG par la Cour suprême n’a pas réellement porté préjudice à l’accès des femmes à l’IVG. S’agissant de la clause de conscience des professionnels, comme l’a souligné notre collègue Hetzel, vous avez dit, monsieur le garde des sceaux, qu’elle serait garantie après la modification de la Constitution. Pouvez-vous dire ce qui la garantira ? Ne faudrait-il pas constitutionnaliser la clause de conscience en même temps que le droit à l’IVG ? Ce parallélisme formel nous rassurerait. À défaut, cela poserait plusieurs difficultés.J’ai une autre question à vous poser. L’article 34 de la Constitution délimite le domaine de la loi. Or le législateur a déjà voté des lois pour garantir le droit à l’IVG, et ce sans être restreint par le domaine de la loi. Puisqu’il n’est pas nécessaire de protéger ou de garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG par un droit, le législateur l’ayant déjà fait maintes et maintes fois dans le domaine de la loi, que voulez-vous faire véritablement ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350896"
   ],
   "order": 1067,
   "text": "Merci, chers collègues, pour ces amendements ; ils sont particulièrement importants, comme j’ai eu l’occasion de l’indiquer à Mmes Faucillon, Panot, Battistel et Untermaier ainsi qu’à M. Acquaviva lors de nos échanges en commission.Vous l’avez dit, chère collègue Faucillon : nous nous dirigeons – et c’est le point important – vers un compromis. Nous l’acceptons, et j’espère que cette position sera maintenue. C’est pourquoi je demanderai à leurs auteurs de bien vouloir retirer l’ensemble de ces amendements.Cela ne nous empêche pas pour autant d’évoquer les rédactions que nous avions discutées de manière transpartisane il y a un peu plus d’un an ; elles peuvent éclairer nos réflexions, leur évolution et la manière dont nous construisons – nous l’espérons – un compromis avec nos collègues sénateurs, lesquels devront également s’y atteler de leur côté.Sur le fond, je ne regrette pas d’avoir voté, il y a un an, en faveur d’une rédaction visant à insérer un article 66-2 dans la Constitution. Toutefois, j’ai suivi avec beaucoup d’intérêt le travail du sénateur Philippe Bas, qui a opté, quant à lui, pour une modification de l’article 34.En effet, si l’on inscrivait la reconnaissance de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG dans un article 66-2, on l’enfermerait dans son histoire fondamentale : celle d’une dépénalisation, d’une exception dans le droit pénal. De fait, même s’il est reconnu, ce droit demeure une tolérance, dans beaucoup de pays, dont le nôtre, d’une certaine manière, ce qui l’expose à un certain nombre d’attaques.J’en ai pris conscience lors de nos auditions, notamment celle de M. Neil Datta, directeur exécutif du Forum parlementaire européen pour les droits sexuels et reproductifs, qui a souligné que, dans l’ensemble des pays où le droit à l’avortement est reconnu, la construction est toujours celle-là. En l’espèce, nous voulons reconnaître une liberté fondamentale. Or celle-ci a davantage sa place, compte tenu de notre histoire constitutionnelle, à l’article 34 de la Constitution que dans son titre VIII, relatif à l’autorité judiciaire.On pouvait également envisager – Mme Battistel l’a rappelé – de modifier l’article 1er. Mme Garrido – elle est absente mais je tiens à la citer car elle a assisté, comme d’autres, à l’ensemble des auditions – avait, quant à elle, déposé un amendement, déclaré irrecevable, qui visait à inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans le Préambule de 1946, ce qui n’est évidemment pas faisable, ni pertinent.Mais pour créer un bouclier protecteur, le choix qui paraît le plus pertinent est certainement celui de l’article 34 et de la rédaction qui nous est proposée plutôt que celui de l’article 66-2.J’en viens aux amendements de nos collègues du groupe LR. Je constate une certaine avancée puisqu’après avoir défendu des amendements de suppression, ceux-ci semblent accepter désormais de constitutionnaliser la liberté de recourir à l’IVG.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1067,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350896",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 456,
   "annotation_id": "N6b9ba11bc46d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Merci, chers collègues, pour ces amendements ; ils sont particulièrement importants, comme j’ai eu l’occasion de l’indiquer à Mmes Faucillon, Panot, Battistel et Untermaier ainsi qu’à M. Acquaviva lors de nos échanges en commission.Vous l’avez dit, chère collègue Faucillon : nous nous dirigeons – et c’est le point important – vers un compromis. Nous l’acceptons, et j’espère que cette position sera maintenue. C’est pourquoi je demanderai à leurs auteurs de bien vouloir retirer l’ensemble de ces amendements.Cela ne nous empêche pas pour autant d’évoquer les rédactions que nous avions discutées de manière transpartisane il y a un peu plus d’un an ; elles peuvent éclairer nos réflexions, leur évolution et la manière dont nous construisons – nous l’espérons – un compromis avec nos collègues sénateurs, lesquels devront également s’y atteler de leur côté.Sur le fond, je ne regrette pas d’avoir voté, il y a un an, en faveur d’une rédaction visant à insérer un article 66-2 dans la Constitution. Toutefois, j’ai suivi avec beaucoup d’intérêt le travail du sénateur [PERSONNE], qui a opté, quant à lui, pour une modification de l’article 34.En effet, si l’on inscrivait la reconnaissance de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG dans un article 66-2, on l’enfermerait dans son histoire fondamentale : celle d’une dépénalisation, d’une exception dans le droit pénal. De fait, même s’il est reconnu, ce droit demeure une tolérance, dans beaucoup de pays, dont le nôtre, d’une certaine manière, ce qui l’expose à un certain nombre d’attaques.J’en ai pris conscience lors de nos auditions, notamment celle de M. Neil Datta, directeur exécutif du Forum parlementaire européen pour les droits sexuels et reproductifs, qui a souligné que, dans l’ensemble des pays où le droit à l’avortement est reconnu, la construction est toujours celle-là. En l’espèce, nous voulons reconnaître une liberté fondamentale. Or celle-ci a davantage sa place, compte tenu de notre histoire constitutionnelle, à l’article 34 de la Constitution que dans son titre VIII, relatif à l’autorité judiciaire.On pouvait également envisager – Mme Battistel l’a rappelé – de modifier l’article 1er. Mme Garrido – elle est absente mais je tiens à la citer car elle a assisté, comme d’autres, à l’ensemble des auditions – avait, quant à elle, déposé un amendement, déclaré irrecevable, qui visait à inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans le Préambule de 1946, ce qui n’est évidemment pas faisable, ni pertinent.Mais pour créer un bouclier protecteur, le choix qui paraît le plus pertinent est certainement celui de l’article 34 et de la rédaction qui nous est proposée plutôt que celui de l’article 66-2.J’en viens aux amendements de nos collègues du groupe [GROUPE]. Je constate une certaine avancée puisqu’après avoir défendu des amendements de suppression, ceux-ci semblent accepter désormais de constitutionnaliser la liberté de recourir à l’IVG."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350906",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350906"
   ],
   "order": 1077,
   "text": "Je m’étonne néanmoins qu’à la différence de la gauche et de la majorité présidentielle, qui reconnaissent le travail des sénateurs, ils refusent, d’une certaine manière, de rechercher un compromis avec la Haute Assemblée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1077,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350906",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N8f65b91511a0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’étonne néanmoins qu’à la différence de la gauche et de la majorité présidentielle, qui reconnaissent le travail des sénateurs, ils refusent, d’une certaine manière, de rechercher un compromis avec la Haute Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350908",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350908"
   ],
   "order": 1079,
   "text": "Je tiens à évoquer deux points techniques, même si nous y reviendrons peut-être ultérieurement.Tout d’abord, le droit de la vie à naître, qui a été évoqué à plusieurs reprises, ne fait pas partie, ainsi que je l’ai indiqué à M. Breton en commission, de notre bloc de constitutionnalité.S’agissant du droit à l’avortement, on s’appuie, d’une part, sur la liberté de la femme, fondée sur une lecture extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, d’autre part, sur la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation. Telles sont, pour la question qui nous occupe, les deux libertés reconnues dans le bloc de constitutionnalité.Le « droit de la vie à naître », c’est une formule utilisée par ceux qui combattent le droit à l’avortement depuis le tout début. Nous y serons donc toujours profondément opposés.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1079,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350908",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "Neecf8a3f48a1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à évoquer deux points techniques, même si nous y reviendrons peut-être ultérieurement.Tout d’abord, le droit de la vie à naître, qui a été évoqué à plusieurs reprises, ne fait pas partie, ainsi que je l’ai indiqué à M. Breton en commission, de notre bloc de constitutionnalité.S’agissant du droit à l’avortement, on s’appuie, d’une part, sur la liberté de la femme, fondée sur une lecture extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, d’autre part, sur la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation. Telles sont, pour la question qui nous occupe, les deux libertés reconnues dans le bloc de constitutionnalité.Le « droit de la vie à naître », c’est une formule utilisée par ceux qui combattent le droit à l’avortement depuis le tout début. Nous y serons donc toujours profondément opposés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350912",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350912"
   ],
   "order": 1084,
   "text": "Quant à la liberté de conscience, évoquée par Mme Blin, elle est, à la différence de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, déjà reconnue dans notre bloc de constitutionnalité. C’est à ce titre qu’est protégée, de manière générale, la clause de conscience de nos personnels soignants. Ainsi, le juge constitutionnel aura à veiller au respect d’un bon équilibre entre ces deux libertés que sont la liberté de conscience et celle de recourir à l’IVG – que nous allons introduire dans notre Constitution – et à leur bon exercice.Pour ces différentes raisons, je demande à leurs auteurs de bien vouloir retirer ces amendements ; à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1084,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350912",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N320c67bec05f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Quant à la liberté de conscience, évoquée par Mme Blin, elle est, à la différence de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, déjà reconnue dans notre bloc de constitutionnalité. C’est à ce titre qu’est protégée, de manière générale, la clause de conscience de nos personnels soignants. Ainsi, le juge constitutionnel aura à veiller au respect d’un bon équilibre entre ces deux libertés que sont la liberté de conscience et celle de recourir à l’IVG – que nous allons introduire dans notre Constitution – et à leur bon exercice.Pour ces différentes raisons, je demande à leurs auteurs de bien vouloir retirer ces amendements ; à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350915",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350915"
   ],
   "order": 1087,
   "text": "Tout d’abord, je veux vous rassurer, madame Blin. Au fond, dites-vous, puisqu’on choisit de garantir la liberté d’avorter par une norme supérieure, il faut, par respect du parallélisme des formes, élever au même rang la clause de conscience et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne. Mais c’est le cas !S’agissant de la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne, la décision dite bioéthique du Conseil constitutionnel de 1994 confère très clairement à ce principe une valeur constitutionnelle. Quant à la clause de conscience, elle a été reconnue, sur le fondement de l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, par une décision de 2001. Ces deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel sont de nature à vous rassurer entièrement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1087,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350915",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 123,
   "annotation_id": "Nfbfbf2c37438",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Tout d’abord, je veux vous rassurer, madame Blin. Au fond, dites-vous, puisqu’on choisit de garantir la liberté d’avorter par une norme supérieure, il faut, par respect du parallélisme des formes, élever au même rang la clause de conscience et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne. Mais c’est le cas !S’agissant de la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne, la décision dite bioéthique du Conseil constitutionnel de 1994 confère très clairement à ce principe une valeur constitutionnelle. Quant à la clause de conscience, elle a été reconnue, sur le fondement de l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, par une décision de 2001. Ces deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel sont de nature à vous rassurer entièrement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350918",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350918"
   ],
   "order": 1090,
   "text": "Pas du tout : s’agissant du droit de recourir à l’IVG, c’est précisément le contraire. Relisez, je vous prie, l’avis du Conseil d’État. Je ne cherche pas à le survendre, quoique ces avis soient toujours très utiles au Gouvernement, mais il est très clair. Il précise que le Conseil constitutionnel et la jurisprudence internationale – celle de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne – ne donnent pas à ce droit une valeur constitutionnelle. Entendez-le ! C’est précisément la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons que vous adoptiez le projet de loi constitutionnelle.Vous émettez quelques réserves, et je l’entends, estimant que la clause de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes n’est pas suffisamment garantie par notre Constitution. J’ai répondu : je vous ai cité la décision du Conseil constitutionnel qui porte sur la liberté de conscience – je vous en communiquerai la référence précise –, ainsi que celle relative au respect de la dignité de la personne. Les choses sont donc très claires.Quant aux autres amendements, j’y suis également totalement défavorable. Je veux défendre ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, qu’une grande majorité d’entre nous veut voir adopté. Face à un texte de l’Assemblée nationale et à un texte différent du Sénat, que fait le Gouvernement ? Il s’efforce de parvenir à un équilibre, et il y a bien travaillé car, je le rappelle, le texte adopté par le Sénat va dans le même sens. Le Conseil d’État y a mis sa patte, et nous ajoutons un mot, un seul !Je demande donc aux uns et aux autres de retirer leurs amendements. Car quel est notre but ? Ce n’est pas de nous livrer à du chipotage sémantique – pardon, le mot n’est pas le mieux choisi –, mais c’est d’aboutir. Le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui vous est soumis est un texte de compromis, d’équilibre, qui doit nous permettre d’avancer.Vous pouvez estimer que le vôtre est meilleur, mais ce n’est pas ainsi que nous avancerons, au contraire : le débat s’enlisera. Nous avons un objectif commun : tenons-nous-y. (M. Éric Bothorel applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1090,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350918",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 349,
   "annotation_id": "N24651c916648",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pas du tout : s’agissant du droit de recourir à l’IVG, c’est précisément le contraire. Relisez, je vous prie, l’avis du Conseil d’État. Je ne cherche pas à le survendre, quoique ces avis soient toujours très utiles au Gouvernement, mais il est très clair. Il précise que le Conseil constitutionnel et la jurisprudence internationale – celle de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne – ne donnent pas à ce droit une valeur constitutionnelle. Entendez-le ! C’est précisément la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons que vous adoptiez le projet de loi constitutionnelle.Vous émettez quelques réserves, et je l’entends, estimant que la clause de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes n’est pas suffisamment garantie par notre Constitution. J’ai répondu : je vous ai cité la décision du Conseil constitutionnel qui porte sur la liberté de conscience – je vous en communiquerai la référence précise –, ainsi que celle relative au respect de la dignité de la personne. Les choses sont donc très claires.Quant aux autres amendements, j’y suis également totalement défavorable. Je veux défendre ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, qu’une grande majorité d’entre nous veut voir adopté. Face à un texte de l’Assemblée nationale et à un texte différent du Sénat, que fait le Gouvernement ? Il s’efforce de parvenir à un équilibre, et il y a bien travaillé car, je le rappelle, le texte adopté par le Sénat va dans le même sens. Le Conseil d’État y a mis sa patte, et nous ajoutons un mot, un seul !Je demande donc aux uns et aux autres de retirer leurs amendements. Car quel est notre but ? Ce n’est pas de nous livrer à du chipotage sémantique – pardon, le mot n’est pas le mieux choisi –, mais c’est d’aboutir. Le projet de loi constitutionnelle qui vous est soumis est un texte de compromis, d’équilibre, qui doit nous permettre d’avancer.Vous pouvez estimer que le vôtre est meilleur, mais ce n’est pas ainsi que nous avancerons, au contraire : le débat s’enlisera. Nous avons un objectif commun : tenons-nous-y. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350924",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350924"
   ],
   "order": 1096,
   "text": "Si Simone Veil est parvenue, en son temps, à faire adopter un texte dont, je le crois et l’espère, nous sommes tous fiers, c’est parce qu’elle avait cherché à convaincre tout le monde, au-delà des consciences, des convictions et parfois même des croyances.Peut-être vais-je le dire un peu brutalement, mais il me paraît nécessaire de le souligner : les femmes ont eu de la chance que Simone Veil porte leur parole et défende leurs droits.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1096,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350924",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N1826f15bccab",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si Simone Veil est parvenue, en son temps, à faire adopter un texte dont, je le crois et l’espère, nous sommes tous fiers, c’est parce qu’elle avait cherché à convaincre tout le monde, au-delà des consciences, des convictions et parfois même des croyances.Peut-être vais-je le dire un peu brutalement, mais il me paraît nécessaire de le souligner : les femmes ont eu de la chance que Simone Veil porte leur parole et défende leurs droits."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350927",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350927"
   ],
   "order": 1099,
   "text": "Elles ont, aujourd’hui, certainement beaucoup de chance que, sur ces bancs, quels qu’ils soient, des femmes et des hommes portent leur parole. Mais je ne suis pas certain que, pour le féminisme, le vrai (« Ah ! » sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES), pour les femmes, ce soit une chance incroyable d’avoir pour porte-parole certaines d’entre vous…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1099,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350927",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N7e3c26b46526",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Elles ont, aujourd’hui, certainement beaucoup de chance que, sur ces bancs, quels qu’ils soient, des femmes et des hommes portent leur parole. Mais je ne suis pas certain que, pour le féminisme, le vrai (« Ah ! » sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]), pour les femmes, ce soit une chance incroyable d’avoir pour porte-parole certaines d’entre vous…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350929",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350929"
   ],
   "order": 1101,
   "text": "…qui ne cessent, depuis des heures, d’hystériser le débat. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR. – Exclamations prolongées sur de nombreux bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1101,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350929",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N764d5fe16da9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…qui ne cessent, depuis des heures, d’hystériser le débat. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Exclamations prolongées sur de nombreux bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350937",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350937"
   ],
   "order": 1109,
   "text": "…je vous l’assure, il n’y a, dans mon propos, aucune intention d’hystériser le débat. (Mêmes mouvements. – « Laissez-le parler ! » sur les bancs du groupe LR.) Je comptais indiquer que, depuis l’origine, mon intention est de voter pour ce texte. Mais lorsque j’entends certaines de mes collègues s’exprimer, je m’interroge sur mon vote final. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1109,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350937",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "N5a1f569cf040",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…je vous l’assure, il n’y a, dans mon propos, aucune intention d’hystériser le débat. (Mêmes mouvements. – « Laissez-le parler ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je comptais indiquer que, depuis l’origine, mon intention est de voter pour ce texte. Mais lorsque j’entends certaines de mes collègues s’exprimer, je m’interroge sur mon vote final. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350939",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350939"
   ],
   "order": 1112,
   "text": "Si nous voulons, comme le garde des sceaux l’a dit, aboutir à la protection de ce droit fondamental, nous ne pouvons pas accepter que quiconque tente de dresser les uns contre les autres. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RE ainsi que sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)Enfin, pour en venir au fond,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1112,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350939",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "N0e091d7e2764",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si nous voulons, comme le garde des sceaux l’a dit, aboutir à la protection de ce droit fondamental, nous ne pouvons pas accepter que quiconque tente de dresser les uns contre les autres. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RE ainsi que sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)Enfin, pour en venir au fond,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA588884",
   "speaker": "Clémentine Autain",
   "quality": "Mme Clémentine Autain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350946",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350946"
   ],
   "order": 1119,
   "text": "…qui pourrait concerner beaucoup d’entre nous.Que lors d’un débat sur l’IVG, un député siégeant sur les bancs de la droite se permette de prononcer le mot « hystériser » à propos des féministes qui ont défendu le droit à l’avortement, c’est honteux ! (Applaudissements prolongés sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et RE, dont de nombreux députés se lèvent, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, Mme Sandrine Rousseau s’étant également levée.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1119,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350946",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N7b44e0c47fc8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…qui pourrait concerner beaucoup d’entre nous.Que lors d’un débat sur l’IVG, un député siégeant sur les bancs de la droite se permette de prononcer le mot « hystériser » à propos des féministes qui ont défendu le droit à l’avortement, c’est honteux ! (Applaudissements prolongés sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et RE, dont de nombreux députés se lèvent, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], Mme [PERSONNE] s’étant également levée.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA588884",
   "speaker": "Clémentine Autain",
   "quality": "Mme Clémentine Autain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350949",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350949"
   ],
   "order": 1122,
   "text": "Manifestement, monsieur Pradié, vous n’avez pas l’air d’être très au courant de l’histoire, en particulier de celle des femmes. Oui, nous pouvons rendre hommage à Simone Veil, qui, dans cet hémicycle, a affronté ceux qui, en 1975, siégeaient sur les mêmes bancs que vous aujourd’hui et qui ont été absolument ignobles ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1122,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350949",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "Ncf5f1682aa9a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Manifestement, monsieur Pradié, vous n’avez pas l’air d’être très au courant de l’histoire, en particulier de celle des femmes. Oui, nous pouvons rendre hommage à Simone Veil, qui, dans cet hémicycle, a affronté ceux qui, en 1975, siégeaient sur les mêmes bancs que vous aujourd’hui et qui ont été absolument ignobles ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA588884",
   "speaker": "Clémentine Autain",
   "quality": "Mme Clémentine Autain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350951",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350951"
   ],
   "order": 1124,
   "text": "Oui, elle a été courageuse. Mais la loi de 1975, nous la devons d’abord et avant tout aux femmes féministes : à celles qui, par millions, sont descendues dans la rue, aux 343 d’entre elles qui ont signé un appel dans lequel elles se mettaient hors la loi…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1124,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350951",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N558a2e5ac0d4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, elle a été courageuse. Mais la loi de 1975, nous la devons d’abord et avant tout aux femmes féministes : à celles qui, par millions, sont descendues dans la rue, aux 343 d’entre elles qui ont signé un appel dans lequel elles se mettaient hors la loi…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350960",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350960"
   ],
   "order": 1133,
   "text": "…pour désigner, en médecine, un processus par lequel l’utérus insatisfait migrerait à l’intérieur du corps et remplacerait le cerveau dans la tête des femmes. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Voilà l’histoire de ce mot ! Il est d’autant plus scandaleux de l’utiliser que nous débattons de l’IVG !Par ailleurs, j’entends, sur tous les bancs, évoquer les droits de la femme. Or, je le rappelle, la femme n’existe que dans le fantasme des hommes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES.) Il s’agit, ici, de défendre les droits des femmes, ce qui est très différent. C’est peut-être un détail pour vous mais, pour nous, ça veut dire beaucoup ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350272",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1133,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350960",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "N0ebe95372ffb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…pour désigner, en médecine, un processus par lequel l’utérus insatisfait migrerait à l’intérieur du corps et remplacerait le cerveau dans la tête des femmes. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Voilà l’histoire de ce mot ! Il est d’autant plus scandaleux de l’utiliser que nous débattons de l’IVG !Par ailleurs, j’entends, sur tous les bancs, évoquer les droits de la femme. Or, je le rappelle, la femme n’existe que dans le fantasme des hommes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Il s’agit, ici, de défendre les droits des femmes, ce qui est très différent. C’est peut-être un détail pour vous mais, pour nous, ça veut dire beaucoup ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350964",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350964"
   ],
   "order": 1137,
   "text": "Je souhaite m’exprimer notamment sur l’amendement n° 113 de Mme Panot, qui vise à compléter le titre VIII de la Constitution par un article 66-2 ainsi rédigé : « Nul ne peut porter atteinte au droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception. La loi garantit à toute personne qui en fait la demande l’accès libre et effectif à ces droits. »Le débat, nous l’avons eu lors de l’examen des textes précédents, mais je rappelle que, tel qu’il est rédigé, cet article garantirait un droit inconditionnel et absolu, de sorte que n’importe qui pourrait demander un avortement pour une femme enceinte : son compagnon, son conjoint, un parent… C’est absurde et incohérent.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1137,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350964",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 114,
   "annotation_id": "N4b5cd3dcb6a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite m’exprimer notamment sur l’amendement n° 113 de Mme Panot, qui vise à compléter le titre VIII de la Constitution par un article 66-2 ainsi rédigé : « Nul ne peut porter atteinte au droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception. La loi garantit à toute personne qui en fait la demande l’accès libre et effectif à ces droits. »Le débat, nous l’avons eu lors de l’examen des textes précédents, mais je rappelle que, tel qu’il est rédigé, cet article garantirait un droit inconditionnel et absolu, de sorte que n’importe qui pourrait demander un avortement pour une femme enceinte : son compagnon, son conjoint, un parent… C’est absurde et incohérent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350968",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350968"
   ],
   "order": 1141,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, monsieur le rapporteur, lorsque j’ai évoqué la clause de la conscience, vous avez brandi l’avis du Conseil d’État. Soit.De mon côté, je vous renvoie à la lecture éclairante de l’avis du Comité consultatif national d’éthique du 8 décembre 2020, qui précise que « dès lors que le droit d’un État comporte une clause de conscience spécifique, il peut être difficile de la supprimer tant que n’est pas reconnu un droit à l’avortement ». Ce qui suppose, a contrario, que, si on reconnaît un droit à l’avortement, c’en est terminé de la clause de conscience des personnels soignants – il suffit d’écouter ce qu’en dit Mme Panot. Je renvoie donc dos à dos le Conseil d’État et le Comité consultatif national d’éthique, dont les avis me paraissent aussi fondés les uns que les autres.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1141,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3350968",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 136,
   "annotation_id": "Nac03fa006fd1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, monsieur le rapporteur, lorsque j’ai évoqué la clause de la conscience, vous avez brandi l’avis du Conseil d’État. Soit.De mon côté, je vous renvoie à la lecture éclairante de l’avis du Comité consultatif national d’éthique du 8 décembre 2020, qui précise que « dès lors que le droit d’un État comporte une clause de conscience spécifique, il peut être difficile de la supprimer tant que n’est pas reconnu un droit à l’avortement ». Ce qui suppose, a contrario, que, si on reconnaît un droit à l’avortement, c’en est terminé de la clause de conscience des personnels soignants – il suffit d’écouter ce qu’en dit Mme Panot. Je renvoie donc dos à dos le Conseil d’État et le Comité consultatif national d’éthique, dont les avis me paraissent aussi fondés les uns que les autres."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351317",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351317"
   ],
   "order": 1144,
   "text": "Mes chers collègues, je voudrais un peu apaiser les échanges. Je comprends que la rédaction que vous proposez, les uns ou les autres, soit celle qui vous semble idéale. Mais nous avons déjà eu cette discussion en novembre 2022. Aujourd’hui, il me semble que le moment est venu de trouver une solution de compromis qui permette aux femmes de bénéficier d’une sorte de bouclier. Je le précise car, à cet instant, les amendements ne sont pas retirés. En l’état, la rédaction du texte assure une protection suffisante, et le mieux est l’ennemi du bien.Je pense qu’il ne faut pas nous engager dans des modifications, car ce chemin sans issue ne nous permettra pas d’aboutir et satisfera ceux qui, depuis le début de nos discussions, essayent de tout faire pour nous en empêcher. Mieux vaut tendre la main aux sénateurs.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1144,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351317",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "N1272c55db5fc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mes chers collègues, je voudrais un peu apaiser les échanges. Je comprends que la rédaction que vous proposez, les uns ou les autres, soit celle qui vous semble idéale. Mais nous avons déjà eu cette discussion en novembre 2022. Aujourd’hui, il me semble que le moment est venu de trouver une solution de compromis qui permette aux femmes de bénéficier d’une sorte de bouclier. Je le précise car, à cet instant, les amendements ne sont pas retirés. En l’état, la rédaction du texte assure une protection suffisante, et le mieux est l’ennemi du bien.Je pense qu’il ne faut pas nous engager dans des modifications, car ce chemin sans issue ne nous permettra pas d’aboutir et satisfera ceux qui, depuis le début de nos discussions, essayent de tout faire pour nous en empêcher. Mieux vaut tendre la main aux sénateurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "Mme Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351320",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351320"
   ],
   "order": 1147,
   "text": "J’écoute ces débats avec beaucoup d’intérêt depuis quelques heures au cours desquelles j’ai, bien sûr, beaucoup entendu parler de Simone Veil et des années 1974 et 1975. À mon tour, je veux dire mon profond respect pour cette femme qui, grâce à un courage extraordinaire et un engagement puissant, a su convaincre, ce qui a permis que la loi sur l’IVG soit votée.À partir de 1974, les droits et les libertés des femmes ont progressé de façon régulière dans notre pays, mais depuis cinq ou dix ans, je m’inquiète du recul, visible ou sous-jacent, du droit des femmes dans les démocraties – je ne parle même pas des pays où elles n’ont aucun droit. Je crois donc que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est essentiel pour proclamer leur liberté de recourir à l’IVG.De grâce, adoptons un texte simple, compréhensible et arrêtons de débattre des virgules, des accents ou des adjectifs qualificatifs supplémentaires qui n’apporteront rien au texte et pourraient inciter les sénateurs à ne pas le voter. Pour les femmes, faisons en sorte d’être simples, concis et efficaces. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1147,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351320",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 187,
   "annotation_id": "Nb5e31203b961",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’écoute ces débats avec beaucoup d’intérêt depuis quelques heures au cours desquelles j’ai, bien sûr, beaucoup entendu parler de Simone Veil et des années 1974 et 1975. À mon tour, je veux dire mon profond respect pour cette femme qui, grâce à un courage extraordinaire et un engagement puissant, a su convaincre, ce qui a permis que la loi sur l’IVG soit votée.À partir de 1974, les droits et les libertés des femmes ont progressé de façon régulière dans notre pays, mais depuis cinq ou dix ans, je m’inquiète du recul, visible ou sous-jacent, du droit des femmes dans les démocraties – je ne parle même pas des pays où elles n’ont aucun droit. Je crois donc que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est essentiel pour proclamer leur liberté de recourir à l’IVG.De grâce, adoptons un texte simple, compréhensible et arrêtons de débattre des virgules, des accents ou des adjectifs qualificatifs supplémentaires qui n’apporteront rien au texte et pourraient inciter les sénateurs à ne pas le voter. Pour les femmes, faisons en sorte d’être simples, concis et efficaces. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351324",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351324"
   ],
   "order": 1151,
   "text": "Je veux revenir sur la clause de conscience. Monsieur le ministre, j’ai bien entendu vos arguments, en particulier ceux fondés sur l’avis du Conseil d’État. Toutefois, je me pose une question, peut-être stupide. Comment se fait-il que, lors de l’examen de textes précédents, on ait parlé pendant des heures de la suppression de la clause de conscience spécifique à l’IVG et qu’aujourd’hui vous nous disiez qu’il n’y a pas de sujet car elle est de valeur constitutionnelle ?La clause de conscience des médecins spécifique à l’IVG a pour particularité d’avoir été créée par la loi Veil. Elle est donc d’ordre législatif, et non réglementaire comme la clause de conscience générale des médecins. Durant des heures, nous avons débattu de la spécificité de cette clause de conscience relative à l’IVG – j’ai avec moi les comptes rendus qui en font foi. Je ne comprends donc pas pourquoi, aujourd’hui, d’un coup, miraculeusement, elle a été élevée au rang de norme constitutionnelle alors qu’elle ne constituait jusque-là qu’une disposition législative que toute la gauche souhaitait abolir.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1151,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351324",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 173,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe83066d1fd9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux revenir sur la clause de conscience. Monsieur le ministre, j’ai bien entendu vos arguments, en particulier ceux fondés sur l’avis du Conseil d’État. Toutefois, je me pose une question, peut-être stupide. Comment se fait-il que, lors de l’examen de textes précédents, on ait parlé pendant des heures de la suppression de la clause de conscience spécifique à l’IVG et qu’aujourd’hui vous nous disiez qu’il n’y a pas de sujet car elle est de valeur constitutionnelle ?La clause de conscience des médecins spécifique à l’IVG a pour particularité d’avoir été créée par la loi Veil. Elle est donc d’ordre législatif, et non réglementaire comme la clause de conscience générale des médecins. Durant des heures, nous avons débattu de la spécificité de cette clause de conscience relative à l’IVG – j’ai avec moi les comptes rendus qui en font foi. Je ne comprends donc pas pourquoi, aujourd’hui, d’un coup, miraculeusement, elle a été élevée au rang de norme constitutionnelle alors qu’elle ne constituait jusque-là qu’une disposition législative que toute la gauche souhaitait abolir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351327",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351327"
   ],
   "order": 1154,
   "text": "Tout d’abord, nous retirons l’amendement n° 68, pour que le travail parlementaire soit plus rapide et plus efficace. Nous insistons néanmoins sur le fait que les lois sur l’IVG et la contraception sont intrinsèquement liées. Un pays proche nous en apporte la preuve par l’exemple. Il s’agit de la Pologne, où la contraception, notamment d’urgence, a d’abord été restreinte avant que ce soit aussi le cas pour l’IVG.Ensuite, en pensant aux amendements nos 119 et 165, que nous examinerons dans un instant, respectivement signés par M. Le Fur et Mme Blin du groupe Les Républicains, je veux rappeler que nous ne sommes pas le 17 janvier 1975, ne leur en déplaise. Nous sommes le 24 janvier 2024. Pourquoi dis-je cela ? Parce que les exposés sommaires de ces deux amendements sont un peu particuliers. Vous écrivez qu’il est bon que les femmes soient informées…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1154,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351327",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 144,
   "annotation_id": "N53c79bf55a0c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tout d’abord, nous retirons l’amendement n° 68, pour que le travail parlementaire soit plus rapide et plus efficace. Nous insistons néanmoins sur le fait que les lois sur l’IVG et la contraception sont intrinsèquement liées. Un pays proche nous en apporte la preuve par l’exemple. Il s’agit de la Pologne, où la contraception, notamment d’urgence, a d’abord été restreinte avant que ce soit aussi le cas pour l’IVG.Ensuite, en pensant aux amendements nos 119 et 165, que nous examinerons dans un instant, respectivement signés par M. Le Fur et Mme Blin du groupe [GROUPE], je veux rappeler que nous ne sommes pas le 17 janvier 1975, ne leur en déplaise. Nous sommes le 24 janvier 2024. Pourquoi dis-je cela ? Parce que les exposés sommaires de ces deux amendements sont un peu particuliers. Vous écrivez qu’il est bon que les femmes soient informées…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351330"
   ],
   "order": 1157,
   "text": "…pour décider d’interrompre ou non leur grossesse. Je crois que vous ne connaissez pas le parcours de l’IVG en France, sans cela vous ne déposeriez pas ce genre d’amendements auxquels, bien sûr, nous nous opposerons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1157,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351330",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nef2915250192",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…pour décider d’interrompre ou non leur grossesse. Je crois que vous ne connaissez pas le parcours de l’IVG en France, sans cela vous ne déposeriez pas ce genre d’amendements auxquels, bien sûr, nous nous opposerons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351333",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351333"
   ],
   "order": 1160,
   "text": "Je les retire, madame la présidente. Toutefois, je veux dire à M. le ministre que je ne crois pas que la question de la formulation relève de la « chipoterie », a fortiori quand on veut légiférer dans le temps long. Le corollaire au droit à l’avortement, c’est-à-dire le droit à la contraception, n’est pas une chipoterie, pas plus que la recherche d’une rédaction qui empêche toute régression.Nous retirons ces amendements parce que nous acceptons le compromis, mais j’espère qu’un jour nous parviendrons à inscrire le droit à l’IVG de manière plus complète dans notre norme suprême, par exemple grâce à la Constituante et à la VIe République que nous continuons à appeler de nos vœux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1160,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351333",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 123,
   "annotation_id": "Nfb72b25412cc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je les retire, madame la présidente. Toutefois, je veux dire à M. le ministre que je ne crois pas que la question de la formulation relève de la « chipoterie », a fortiori quand on veut légiférer dans le temps long. Le corollaire au droit à l’avortement, c’est-à-dire le droit à la contraception, n’est pas une chipoterie, pas plus que la recherche d’une rédaction qui empêche toute régression.Nous retirons ces amendements parce que nous acceptons le compromis, mais j’espère qu’un jour nous parviendrons à inscrire le droit à l’IVG de manière plus complète dans notre norme suprême, par exemple grâce à la Constituante et à la VIe République que nous continuons à appeler de nos vœux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351336",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351336"
   ],
   "order": 1164,
   "text": "Nous sommes conscients qu’il faut saisir cette occasion historique d’inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. C’est pour cela que nous faisons le choix du compromis – et ils ont déjà été nombreux –, très loin des appels à la provocation de M. Pradié. Chacun peut constater, depuis le début de nos discussions, que nous cherchons à consacrer le droit à l’IVG et que, tout en débattant, nous sommes ouverts au compromis. Nous retirerons l’amendement n° 63, l’un des rares que nous avions déposés.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1164,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351336",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Nb88f1aa7abf1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes conscients qu’il faut saisir cette occasion historique d’inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. C’est pour cela que nous faisons le choix du compromis – et ils ont déjà été nombreux –, très loin des appels à la provocation de M. Pradié. Chacun peut constater, depuis le début de nos discussions, que nous cherchons à consacrer le droit à l’IVG et que, tout en débattant, nous sommes ouverts au compromis. Nous retirerons l’amendement n° 63, l’un des rares que nous avions déposés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351341",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351341"
   ],
   "order": 1167,
   "text": "Comme je l’ai dit, l’amendement n° 2 avait été déposé pour susciter le débat. Je vais le retirer mais je fais remarquer à notre collègue Darrieussecq que la formulation de notre amendement était plus claire que celle du texte du Gouvernement, qui est : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Nous proposions d’écrire : « L’interruption volontaire de grossesse est garantie dans les conditions fixées par la loi. » Qu’est-ce qui peut être plus clair que cela ? La formule retenue est alambiquée car elle est le fruit d’un compromis – on y reviendra. Nous vous proposions quelque chose de clair ; vous le refusez. Dont acte. Je retire cet amendement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite)",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1167,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351341",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 129,
   "annotation_id": "Nbb34f1dd345e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comme je l’ai dit, l’amendement n° 2 avait été déposé pour susciter le débat. Je vais le retirer mais je fais remarquer à notre collègue Darrieussecq que la formulation de notre amendement était plus claire que celle du texte du Gouvernement, qui est : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Nous proposions d’écrire : « L’interruption volontaire de grossesse est garantie dans les conditions fixées par la loi. » Qu’est-ce qui peut être plus clair que cela ? La formule retenue est alambiquée car elle est le fruit d’un compromis – on y reviendra. Nous vous proposions quelque chose de clair ; vous le refusez. Dont acte. Je retire cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351675",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351675"
   ],
   "order": 1175,
   "text": "Il s’agit là encore d’un amendement de repli, puisque nous estimons qu’il n’y a pas lieu de réviser la Constitution. Néanmoins, si l’on en vient à réviser la Constitution, il nous semble utile de garantir l’information de la femme qui envisage d’interrompre sa grossesse.Certains considèrent toute information à ce sujet comme une forme d’entrave, ce qui n’est pas du tout le cas. Les libertés d’opinion et d’expression existent. Il est parfaitement loisible aux uns et aux autres de se forger une opinion à partir de ce qu’ils entendent.Il nous semble indispensable que, dans cette information, l’on fasse part aux femmes de solutions alternatives à l’avortement. Je pense aux possibilités en matière d’accueil de l’enfant, mais aussi d’hébergement et d’accompagnement, dans les derniers mois de la grossesse et immédiatement après la naissance de l’enfant, de femmes et de jeunes mamans qui peuvent se sentir perdues, abandonnées ou isolées. Ce sont là des considérations de pure humanité.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1175,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351675",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 155,
   "annotation_id": "Nc132ae3d4a3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit là encore d’un amendement de repli, puisque nous estimons qu’il n’y a pas lieu de réviser la Constitution. Néanmoins, si l’on en vient à réviser la Constitution, il nous semble utile de garantir l’information de la femme qui envisage d’interrompre sa grossesse.Certains considèrent toute information à ce sujet comme une forme d’entrave, ce qui n’est pas du tout le cas. Les libertés d’opinion et d’expression existent. Il est parfaitement loisible aux uns et aux autres de se forger une opinion à partir de ce qu’ils entendent.Il nous semble indispensable que, dans cette information, l’on fasse part aux femmes de solutions alternatives à l’avortement. Je pense aux possibilités en matière d’accueil de l’enfant, mais aussi d’hébergement et d’accompagnement, dans les derniers mois de la grossesse et immédiatement après la naissance de l’enfant, de femmes et de jeunes mamans qui peuvent se sentir perdues, abandonnées ou isolées. Ce sont là des considérations de pure humanité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351679",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351679"
   ],
   "order": 1179,
   "text": "Il s’agit effectivement d’un amendement de repli. Vous avez bien compris quel sera, je le crains, le sens de mon vote.Chers collègues, vous nous avez attaqués en affirmant que nous ne connaissions pas la vraie vie, ni le parcours de l’IVG. Or nous sommes des élus de terrain qui discutons et rencontrons des Françaises qui évoquent les situations auxquelles elles sont confrontées. Il nous arrive en outre de réfléchir, d’observer et de lire. À cet égard, Simone Veil disait que l’avortement était « toujours un drame ». Dès lors, la banalisation de l’IVG est malsaine. Or vous souhaitez le rendre inéluctable et le banaliser.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "161",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1179,
   "amendments": [
    "161"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351679",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "N4e1db57f70b6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit effectivement d’un amendement de repli. Vous avez bien compris quel sera, je le crains, le sens de mon vote.Chers collègues, vous nous avez attaqués en affirmant que nous ne connaissions pas la vraie vie, ni le parcours de l’IVG. Or nous sommes des élus de terrain qui discutons et rencontrons des Françaises qui évoquent les situations auxquelles elles sont confrontées. Il nous arrive en outre de réfléchir, d’observer et de lire. À cet égard, Simone Veil disait que l’avortement était « toujours un drame ». Dès lors, la banalisation de l’IVG est malsaine. Or vous souhaitez le rendre inéluctable et le banaliser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351682",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351682"
   ],
   "order": 1182,
   "text": "Certaines associations sont d’ailleurs très en pointe dans la promotion de l’avortement.Selon M. Le Fur et moi, dès lors que des femmes doivent recourir à l’avortement, qui peut éventuellement leur paraître inéluctable, il convient qu’elles soient parfaitement éclairées non seulement sur les conséquences et les suites de l’acte qui sera pratiqué, mais aussi sur les alternatives qui pourraient s’offrir à elles si elles ne mettaient pas fin à leur grossesse. Il faudrait que la société se mette à l’écoute de ces femmes, qui pourraient vouloir garder leur enfant mais peuvent avoir des difficultés à concevoir sa venue dans leur vie et dans leur famille. Notre rôle de législateur consiste aussi à prévoir l’accompagnement de ces femmes, qui sont confrontées à une grossesse mais pourraient, si on les aiguille bien, décider de la poursuivre et donner naissance à un enfant.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "161",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1182,
   "amendments": [
    "161"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351682",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "N392031fe094b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Certaines associations sont d’ailleurs très en pointe dans la promotion de l’avortement.Selon M. Le Fur et moi, dès lors que des femmes doivent recourir à l’avortement, qui peut éventuellement leur paraître inéluctable, il convient qu’elles soient parfaitement éclairées non seulement sur les conséquences et les suites de l’acte qui sera pratiqué, mais aussi sur les alternatives qui pourraient s’offrir à elles si elles ne mettaient pas fin à leur grossesse. Il faudrait que la société se mette à l’écoute de ces femmes, qui pourraient vouloir garder leur enfant mais peuvent avoir des difficultés à concevoir sa venue dans leur vie et dans leur famille. Notre rôle de législateur consiste aussi à prévoir l’accompagnement de ces femmes, qui sont confrontées à une grossesse mais pourraient, si on les aiguille bien, décider de la poursuivre et donner naissance à un enfant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351685",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351685"
   ],
   "order": 1185,
   "text": "Je vous rejoins sur un point, madame Blin : tous les amendements ont le mérite de nous permettre de débattre de la constitutionnalisation envisagée, d’éclairer l’objectif du texte et sa rédaction.En revanche, je l’ai indiqué tout à l’heure, cette révision ne vise en rien à modifier le cadre législatif et réglementaire. Or les présents amendements portent sur des dispositions de niveau réglementaire – plutôt que législatif. J’en demande donc le retrait, sans quoi mon avis sera défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1185,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351685",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "Naeb68515c36a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous rejoins sur un point, madame Blin : tous les amendements ont le mérite de nous permettre de débattre de la constitutionnalisation envisagée, d’éclairer l’objectif du texte et sa rédaction.En revanche, je l’ai indiqué tout à l’heure, cette révision ne vise en rien à modifier le cadre législatif et réglementaire. Or les présents amendements portent sur des dispositions de niveau réglementaire – plutôt que législatif. J’en demande donc le retrait, sans quoi mon avis sera défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351688",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351688"
   ],
   "order": 1188,
   "text": "L’information est déjà prévue par les articles L. 2212-1 et R. 2212-13 du code de la santé publique, qui n’ont pas vocation à être modifiés. Mon avis est donc, bien évidemment, défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1188,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351688",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N2f44f79c6876",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’information est déjà prévue par les articles L. 2212-1 et R. 2212-13 du code de la santé publique, qui n’ont pas vocation à être modifiés. Mon avis est donc, bien évidemment, défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351690",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351690"
   ],
   "order": 1190,
   "text": "D’abord, la loi du 4 juillet 2001 relative à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception prévoyait que trois séances relatives à la vie affective et sexuelle seraient dispensées chaque année dans les établissements scolaires. Collègues qui défendez les présents amendements, j’espère que vous soutiendrez les mesures qui visent à rendre cette disposition effective. En effet, seuls 15 % des élèves ont eu droit à ces trois séances annuelles. Il y a donc un défaut d’enseignement et d’information sur la contraception, sur l’avortement, sur le consentement ou encore sur l’égalité entre les élèves. L’école étant souvent attaquée sur ces questions, j’espère que vous soutiendrez l’application de la loi de 2001.Ensuite, s’il y a effectivement un problème d’information, c’est bien souvent le fait des antichoix. Il y a quelques jours, la Fondation des femmes a rendu un rapport révélant l’explosion de la désinformation, notamment sur les réseaux sociaux. Par exemple, des minipublicités contre l’avortement diffusées sur les réseaux sociaux de Meta ont été vues 9 millions de fois, à 40 % par des jeunes de 13 à 17 ans. Pourquoi les antichoix font-ils cela, en ciblant particulièrement les jeunes ? Pour essayer d’éroder le soutien massif au droit à l’avortement. Nous le savons, 85 % à 90 % des Françaises et des Français sont favorables à la constitutionnalisation de ce droit et du droit à la contraception.Enfin, il faut faire très attention. Pour certaines femmes, je ne le nie pas, l’avortement peut être un drame. En revanche, pour beaucoup d’autres, dont je fais partie, l’avortement a été un soulagement. Eh oui ! Il est important de le comprendre. Vous pouvez interroger à ce sujet le Planning familial, qui reçoit de nombreuses femmes et permet à celles qui le souhaitent d’accéder à l’avortement.Vous soulevez la question de l’information de même que vous avez soulevé celle du délai de réflexion. Ce faisant, n’infantilisez pas les femmes : lorsqu’une femme a décidé d’avorter, elle le fera ; elle n’a pas besoin qu’on lui demande si elle est sûre ou qu’on lui propose autre chose. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – Mme Véronique Riotton applaudit également. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.) Il faut simplement respecter le choix des femmes, notamment celui de poursuivre ou non une grossesse. C’est ce droit que nous voulons constitutionnaliser.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1190,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351690",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 385,
   "annotation_id": "Na803cffe28d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQRTV",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "D’abord, la loi du 4 juillet 2001 relative à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception prévoyait que trois séances relatives à la vie affective et sexuelle seraient dispensées chaque année dans les établissements scolaires. Collègues qui défendez les présents amendements, j’espère que vous soutiendrez les mesures qui visent à rendre cette disposition effective. En effet, seuls 15 % des élèves ont eu droit à ces trois séances annuelles. Il y a donc un défaut d’enseignement et d’information sur la contraception, sur l’avortement, sur le consentement ou encore sur l’égalité entre les élèves. L’école étant souvent attaquée sur ces questions, j’espère que vous soutiendrez l’application de la loi de 2001.Ensuite, s’il y a effectivement un problème d’information, c’est bien souvent le fait des antichoix. Il y a quelques jours, la Fondation des femmes a rendu un rapport révélant l’explosion de la désinformation, notamment sur les réseaux sociaux. Par exemple, des minipublicités contre l’avortement diffusées sur les réseaux sociaux de Meta ont été vues 9 millions de fois, à 40 % par des jeunes de 13 à 17 ans. Pourquoi les antichoix font-ils cela, en ciblant particulièrement les jeunes ? Pour essayer d’éroder le soutien massif au droit à l’avortement. Nous le savons, 85 % à 90 % des Françaises et des Français sont favorables à la constitutionnalisation de ce droit et du droit à la contraception.Enfin, il faut faire très attention. Pour certaines femmes, je ne le nie pas, l’avortement peut être un drame. En revanche, pour beaucoup d’autres, dont je fais partie, l’avortement a été un soulagement. Eh oui ! Il est important de le comprendre. Vous pouvez interroger à ce sujet le Planning familial, qui reçoit de nombreuses femmes et permet à celles qui le souhaitent d’accéder à l’avortement.Vous soulevez la question de l’information de même que vous avez soulevé celle du délai de réflexion. Ce faisant, n’infantilisez pas les femmes : lorsqu’une femme a décidé d’avorter, elle le fera ; elle n’a pas besoin qu’on lui demande si elle est sûre ou qu’on lui propose autre chose. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Il faut simplement respecter le choix des femmes, notamment celui de poursuivre ou non une grossesse. C’est ce droit que nous voulons constitutionnaliser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351695",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351695"
   ],
   "order": 1195,
   "text": "Lorsque l’on apporte une information à une femme au moment où elle est confrontée, dans l’urgence, à un choix difficile, il est déjà, dans une certaine mesure, trop tard. Je crains que cela ne la mette dans une situation de doute et de détresse psychique excessive. Je ne pense donc pas qu’il faille renforcer l’information au moment où une femme est confrontée à l’IVG. C’est pourquoi je ne suis pas favorable aux amendements que mes collègues viennent de présenter.En revanche, nous devons avancer sur la question, majeure, de l’information des jeunes femmes, à un stade antérieur, sur la manière de contrôler ce qu’elles souhaitent faire de leur corps – je rejoins les collègues qui se sont exprimés à propos de la contraception. De mon point de vue, la réelle liberté, qu’il convient de consacrer, c’est celle de tomber ou de ne pas tomber enceinte. Je présenterai tout à l’heure un amendement relatif à la nécessité d’informer les jeunes femmes et les jeunes hommes sur la contraception, sur la réalité du fonctionnement du corps féminin et sur ses contraintes. C’est aussi dans l’intérêt des femmes qui peuvent se retrouver piégées pour avoir cru qu’elles avaient une liberté totale par rapport à la nature ; à un certain âge, elles ne peuvent plus avoir d’enfant.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1195,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351695",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 213,
   "annotation_id": "Nec871467fa73",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsque l’on apporte une information à une femme au moment où elle est confrontée, dans l’urgence, à un choix difficile, il est déjà, dans une certaine mesure, trop tard. Je crains que cela ne la mette dans une situation de doute et de détresse psychique excessive. Je ne pense donc pas qu’il faille renforcer l’information au moment où une femme est confrontée à l’IVG. C’est pourquoi je ne suis pas favorable aux amendements que mes collègues viennent de présenter.En revanche, nous devons avancer sur la question, majeure, de l’information des jeunes femmes, à un stade antérieur, sur la manière de contrôler ce qu’elles souhaitent faire de leur corps – je rejoins les collègues qui se sont exprimés à propos de la contraception. De mon point de vue, la réelle liberté, qu’il convient de consacrer, c’est celle de tomber ou de ne pas tomber enceinte. Je présenterai tout à l’heure un amendement relatif à la nécessité d’informer les jeunes femmes et les jeunes hommes sur la contraception, sur la réalité du fonctionnement du corps féminin et sur ses contraintes. C’est aussi dans l’intérêt des femmes qui peuvent se retrouver piégées pour avoir cru qu’elles avaient une liberté totale par rapport à la nature ; à un certain âge, elles ne peuvent plus avoir d’enfant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722252",
   "speaker": "Marie-Pierre Rixain",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Pierre Rixain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351698",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351698"
   ],
   "order": 1198,
   "text": "L’avortement peut parfois être un moment difficile dans la vie d’une femme, mais ce n’est pas toujours nécessairement un drame. Il importe effectivement de rappeler qu’il peut aussi être un soulagement, une libération, voire permettre un retour à la vie, une réappropriation du corps.Tout le monde s’accorde à dire que l’IVG est un droit pour les femmes. Dès lors, il est de notre responsabilité non seulement de rendre ce droit effectif, mais aussi de faciliter l’accès à ce droit et de le protéger en l’inscrivant dans la Constitution.Enfin, les femmes sont suffisamment éclairées. Elles sont dotées de la conscience à la fois de leur corps et de leur vie. Elles savent, par elles-mêmes,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1198,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351698",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 113,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe190ba534c7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’avortement peut parfois être un moment difficile dans la vie d’une femme, mais ce n’est pas toujours nécessairement un drame. Il importe effectivement de rappeler qu’il peut aussi être un soulagement, une libération, voire permettre un retour à la vie, une réappropriation du corps.Tout le monde s’accorde à dire que l’IVG est un droit pour les femmes. Dès lors, il est de notre responsabilité non seulement de rendre ce droit effectif, mais aussi de faciliter l’accès à ce droit et de le protéger en l’inscrivant dans la Constitution.Enfin, les femmes sont suffisamment éclairées. Elles sont dotées de la conscience à la fois de leur corps et de leur vie. Elles savent, par elles-mêmes,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722252",
   "speaker": "Marie-Pierre Rixain",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Pierre Rixain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351702",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351702"
   ],
   "order": 1202,
   "text": "…quels sont les choix qui peuvent les libérer et leur permettre de mener la vie qui est la leur. Cessons, s’il vous plaît, de proposer aux femmes des cours de morale ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1202,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351702",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N0d9f01f85c9f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…quels sont les choix qui peuvent les libérer et leur permettre de mener la vie qui est la leur. Cessons, s’il vous plaît, de proposer aux femmes des cours de morale ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351707",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351707"
   ],
   "order": 1207,
   "text": "Cet amendement, que Thibault Bazin a rédigé et que j’ai cosigné, vise à inscrire expressément dans le texte qu’il ne faut pas rompre l’équilibre entre deux principes, d’une part la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation, d’autre part la liberté de la femme.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "57",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1207,
   "amendments": [
    "57"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351707",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N589f2767286e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement, que [PERSONNE] a rédigé et que j’ai cosigné, vise à inscrire expressément dans le texte qu’il ne faut pas rompre l’équilibre entre deux principes, d’une part la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation, d’autre part la liberté de la femme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351709",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351709"
   ],
   "order": 1209,
   "text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel se fonde sur ces deux principes dans sa jurisprudence.Monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous avez indiqué tout à l’heure que le texte visait à donner davantage de force à la liberté de la femme…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "57",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1209,
   "amendments": [
    "57"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351709",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Nb3aefbca95ab",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel se fonde sur ces deux principes dans sa jurisprudence.Monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous avez indiqué tout à l’heure que le texte visait à donner davantage de force à la liberté de la femme…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351712",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351712"
   ],
   "order": 1212,
   "text": "…et à l’élever dans la hiérarchie des normes. Cela veut bien dire que le ou les principes qui restent au même rang seront moins forts par rapport à la liberté de la femme. Il y a donc une rupture de l’équilibre existant. Assumez-le ! Vous ne pouvez pas dire que cela ne change rien.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez affirmé que le texte ne modifierait en rien le cadre législatif et réglementaire en vigueur. Donc acte. Le Conseil d’État estime effectivement que la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "57",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1212,
   "amendments": [
    "57"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351712",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N523d82ccd84c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et à l’élever dans la hiérarchie des normes. Cela veut bien dire que le ou les principes qui restent au même rang seront moins forts par rapport à la liberté de la femme. Il y a donc une rupture de l’équilibre existant. Assumez-le ! Vous ne pouvez pas dire que cela ne change rien.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez affirmé que le texte ne modifierait en rien le cadre législatif et réglementaire en vigueur. Donc acte. Le Conseil d’État estime effectivement que la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351715",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351715"
   ],
   "order": 1215,
   "text": "…n’impose aucune modification de la législation. Toutefois, les choses peuvent changer à l’avenir, en raison du déséquilibre créé en faveur de la liberté de la femme, au détriment de la protection de la vie à naître.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "57",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1215,
   "amendments": [
    "57"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351715",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N7b0fe08225da",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…n’impose aucune modification de la législation. Toutefois, les choses peuvent changer à l’avenir, en raison du déséquilibre créé en faveur de la liberté de la femme, au détriment de la protection de la vie à naître."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351724",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351724"
   ],
   "order": 1224,
   "text": "Si j’ai envie de dire « l’homme » pour faire référence aux hommes et « la femme » pour faire référence aux femmes, je continuerai à le faire, ne vous en déplaise. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes LR et RN.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "57",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1224,
   "amendments": [
    "57"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351724",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N4c8d3bd0299b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si j’ai envie de dire « l’homme » pour faire référence aux hommes et « la femme » pour faire référence aux femmes, je continuerai à le faire, ne vous en déplaise. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351728",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351728"
   ],
   "order": 1228,
   "text": "Vous rendez-vous compte qu’il s’agit d’atteintes à la liberté d’expression ? Vous nous obligez à utiliser des mots… (Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur, dont le temps de parole est écoulé.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "57",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1228,
   "amendments": [
    "57"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351728",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N8eeee907d15e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous rendez-vous compte qu’il s’agit d’atteintes à la liberté d’expression ? Vous nous obligez à utiliser des mots… (Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur, dont le temps de parole est écoulé.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351732",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351732"
   ],
   "order": 1232,
   "text": "…et la protection de la vie à naître. La liberté « de la femme » ou « des femmes », c’est comme vous voulez ; ce que vous entendrez sera le bienvenu.Non seulement l’équilibre existant me semble rompu dans le texte, mais vous n’avez pas évoqué dans votre propos, monsieur le ministre, la protection de la vie à naître.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "128",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1232,
   "amendments": [
    "128"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351732",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "Nddc687ef3800",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "A",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et la protection de la vie à naître. La liberté « de la femme » ou « des femmes », c’est comme vous voulez ; ce que vous entendrez sera le bienvenu.Non seulement l’équilibre existant me semble rompu dans le texte, mais vous n’avez pas évoqué dans votre propos, monsieur le ministre, la protection de la vie à naître."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351735",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351735"
   ],
   "order": 1235,
   "text": "Peut-être est-ce un oubli que vous allez réparer.Le point d’équilibre entre les deux principes a des incidences objectives, en particulier pour la détermination du délai de recours à l’IVG, question majeure, puisque l’enfant se crée en quelque sorte progressivement. La loi Veil avait initialement fixé ce délai à dix semaines. En 2014, il a été porté à douze semaines. Depuis peu, il est de quatorze semaines – je me suis opposé à ce nouvel allongement.En fonction de l’âge du fœtus, lequel des deux principes doit prévaloir ? Tel est le véritable enjeu. Monsieur le ministre, je n’ai pas entendu, dans votre propos,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "128",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1235,
   "amendments": [
    "128"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351735",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 102,
   "annotation_id": "N373c484a6ec9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Peut-être est-ce un oubli que vous allez réparer.Le point d’équilibre entre les deux principes a des incidences objectives, en particulier pour la détermination du délai de recours à l’IVG, question majeure, puisque l’enfant se crée en quelque sorte progressivement. La loi Veil avait initialement fixé ce délai à dix semaines. En 2014, il a été porté à douze semaines. Depuis peu, il est de quatorze semaines – je me suis opposé à ce nouvel allongement.En fonction de l’âge du fœtus, lequel des deux principes doit prévaloir ? Tel est le véritable enjeu. Monsieur le ministre, je n’ai pas entendu, dans votre propos,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351743",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351743"
   ],
   "order": 1243,
   "text": "Sa formulation est identique à celle des amendements précédents, à ceci près qu’il est précisé que la liberté de la femme découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration de 1789.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "7",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1243,
   "amendments": [
    "7"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351743",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N3a4fec18adc9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Sa formulation est identique à celle des amendements précédents, à ceci près qu’il est précisé que la liberté de la femme découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration de 1789."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351745",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351745"
   ],
   "order": 1245,
   "text": "L’article unique que vous vous apprêtez à voter est ainsi rédigé : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme… » Présentez des amendements pour écrire « aux femmes », et débattons-en ! Manifestement, vous avez de grands principes que vous êtes incapables de mettre en pratique. Voilà une affaire réglée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "7",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1245,
   "amendments": [
    "7"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351745",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N6a47aff6bdb9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article unique que vous vous apprêtez à voter est ainsi rédigé : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme… » Présentez des amendements pour écrire « aux femmes », et débattons-en ! Manifestement, vous avez de grands principes que vous êtes incapables de mettre en pratique. Voilà une affaire réglée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351748",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351748"
   ],
   "order": 1248,
   "text": "Avec la constitutionnalisation de la liberté dont il est question, il ne faut pas se le cacher, deux mesures sont dans le viseur : d’une part, l’allongement du délai de recours à l’IVG et, à terme, sa suppression ; d’autre part, la suppression de la clause de conscience. Nous savons très bien que cette constitutionnalisation est un pas dans cette direction. En effet, ceux qui sont favorables à ces deux mesures – je les invite à prendre la parole – ont présenté régulièrement des amendements en ce sens sur des textes que nous avons examinés précédemment.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "7",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1248,
   "amendments": [
    "7"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351748",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 96,
   "annotation_id": "N78ccbe75a571",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Avec la constitutionnalisation de la liberté dont il est question, il ne faut pas se le cacher, deux mesures sont dans le viseur : d’une part, l’allongement du délai de recours à l’IVG et, à terme, sa suppression ; d’autre part, la suppression de la clause de conscience. Nous savons très bien que cette constitutionnalisation est un pas dans cette direction. En effet, ceux qui sont favorables à ces deux mesures – je les invite à prendre la parole – ont présenté régulièrement des amendements en ce sens sur des textes que nous avons examinés précédemment."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351750",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351750"
   ],
   "order": 1250,
   "text": "Ils sont à la manœuvre et, que vous le vouliez ou non, vous serez complices de l’allongement du délai de recours à l’IVG et de la suppression de la clause de conscience. Vous ne pourrez pas dire que vous ne saviez pas.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "7",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1250,
   "amendments": [
    "7"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3351750",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nb0d02be937c2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ils sont à la manœuvre et, que vous le vouliez ou non, vous serez complices de l’allongement du délai de recours à l’IVG et de la suppression de la clause de conscience. Vous ne pourrez pas dire que vous ne saviez pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352015",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352015"
   ],
   "order": 1252,
   "text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel s’est déjà prononcé à quatre reprises sur la question de l’IVG : en 1975, en 2001 et, plus récemment, en 2014 et en 2016. Ses conclusions, qui sont reprises dans l’avis du Conseil d’État, ont toujours jugé l’IVG conforme à la Constitution.L’amendement reprend la décision du Conseil constitutionnel du 27 juin 2001, laquelle indique que le respect de la Constitution impose un équilibre « entre, d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen ». La loi fondamentale doit garantir l’équilibre entre le respect de la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. Il est troublant de constater à quel point vous êtes gênés lorsque nous évoquons l’asymétrie que provoque la constitutionnalisation de l’une sans celle de l’autre. (MM. Philippe Gosselin et Xavier Breton applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "37",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1252,
   "amendments": [
    "37"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352015",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "Ne6b3dbf068e5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel s’est déjà prononcé à quatre reprises sur la question de l’IVG : en 1975, en 2001 et, plus récemment, en 2014 et en 2016. Ses conclusions, qui sont reprises dans l’avis du Conseil d’État, ont toujours jugé l’IVG conforme à la Constitution.L’amendement reprend la décision du Conseil constitutionnel du 27 juin 2001, laquelle indique que le respect de la Constitution impose un équilibre « entre, d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen ». La loi fondamentale doit garantir l’équilibre entre le respect de la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. Il est troublant de constater à quel point vous êtes gênés lorsque nous évoquons l’asymétrie que provoque la constitutionnalisation de l’une sans celle de l’autre. (MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352019",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352019"
   ],
   "order": 1256,
   "text": "Il traite, là encore, de la question de l’équilibre. Au fur et à mesure que le fœtus grandit, on dispose de plus en plus d’informations sur sa constitution : on sait, par exemple, si c’est un garçon ou fille. Le risque qui pèse ici est celui de l’eugénisme, c’est-à-dire que la mère, les parents, la famille, ne décident de tel ou tel… (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "129",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1256,
   "amendments": [
    "129"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352019",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N75f6d66fafa3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "A",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il traite, là encore, de la question de l’équilibre. Au fur et à mesure que le fœtus grandit, on dispose de plus en plus d’informations sur sa constitution : on sait, par exemple, si c’est un garçon ou fille. Le risque qui pèse ici est celui de l’eugénisme, c’est-à-dire que la mère, les parents, la famille, ne décident de tel ou tel… (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352021",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352021"
   ],
   "order": 1258,
   "text": "C’est une réalité. J’en veux pour preuve ce qui se passe en Inde. L’Inde n’est pas n’importe quel pays : c’est la plus grande démocratie du monde, qui peut certes avoir quelques difficultés. Elle est confrontée à un eugénisme considérable au détriment des jeunes filles. Il y a beaucoup de féministes dans cette enceinte ; j’espère qu’un certain nombre d’entre elles se mobilisent contre cet eugénisme qui met un terme à l’existence de futures petites filles (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES) – je dis futures petites filles, parce qu’elles ne sont évidemment pas nées. Il y avait naguère des infanticides ; maintenant, il y a des avortements.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "129",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1258,
   "amendments": [
    "129"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352021",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 109,
   "annotation_id": "N4d5fdb5eda36",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une réalité. J’en veux pour preuve ce qui se passe en Inde. L’Inde n’est pas n’importe quel pays : c’est la plus grande démocratie du monde, qui peut certes avoir quelques difficultés. Elle est confrontée à un eugénisme considérable au détriment des jeunes filles. Il y a beaucoup de féministes dans cette enceinte ; j’espère qu’un certain nombre d’entre elles se mobilisent contre cet eugénisme qui met un terme à l’existence de futures petites filles (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) – je dis futures petites filles, parce qu’elles ne sont évidemment pas nées. Il y avait naguère des infanticides ; maintenant, il y a des avortements."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352023",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352023"
   ],
   "order": 1260,
   "text": "Le Gouvernement indien a pris conscience du phénomène et il a pris des mesures pour y remédier, en particulier une mesure touchant au délai, que j’applaudis ; j’espère ne pas être le seul.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "129",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1260,
   "amendments": [
    "129"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352023",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nd6d49eddb18c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le Gouvernement indien a pris conscience du phénomène et il a pris des mesures pour y remédier, en particulier une mesure touchant au délai, que j’applaudis ; j’espère ne pas être le seul."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352027",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352027"
   ],
   "order": 1264,
   "text": "…dont le but est d’interdire la naissance de petites filles. C’est le cas en Inde, cela peut être le cas dans un certain nombre de familles françaises. Entre onze et treize semaines, on peut tout à fait identifier le sexe du fœtus et communiquer l’information aux futurs parents. C’est un problème très concret et j’espère que tous ceux qui se réclament, et je les comprends parfaitement, de la défense des femmes, ou de la femme, sauront se mobiliser sur le sujet.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "129",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1264,
   "amendments": [
    "129"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352027",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "Naef00944b5c4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…dont le but est d’interdire la naissance de petites filles. C’est le cas en Inde, cela peut être le cas dans un certain nombre de familles françaises. Entre onze et treize semaines, on peut tout à fait identifier le sexe du fœtus et communiquer l’information aux futurs parents. C’est un problème très concret et j’espère que tous ceux qui se réclament, et je les comprends parfaitement, de la défense des femmes, ou de la femme, sauront se mobiliser sur le sujet."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352030",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352030"
   ],
   "order": 1267,
   "text": "Cet amendement du groupe LR vise à insérer dans l’article unique les mots « sans rompre l’équilibre entre la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789 ». Comme l’ont dit mes collègues, l’idée est de nous assurer collectivement de la préservation de cet équilibre.Permettez-moi de revenir rapidement sur la distinction philosophique entre la femme et les femmes. Simone de Beauvoir, c’est l’existentialisme : l’existence précède l’essence, il n’y a pas d’essentialisation de la femme, donc pas de femme ; la femme n’existe pas.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "151",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1267,
   "amendments": [
    "151"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352030",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N560a607fc2d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement du groupe [GROUPE] vise à insérer dans l’article unique les mots « sans rompre l’équilibre entre la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789 ». Comme l’ont dit mes collègues, l’idée est de nous assurer collectivement de la préservation de cet équilibre.Permettez-moi de revenir rapidement sur la distinction philosophique entre la femme et les femmes. Simone de Beauvoir, c’est l’existentialisme : l’existence précède l’essence, il n’y a pas d’essentialisation de la femme, donc pas de femme ; la femme n’existe pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352033",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352033"
   ],
   "order": 1270,
   "text": "Pourtant, nous parlons des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et non des droits des hommes et des citoyens. C’est bien qu’il y a là un essentiel. Dans son avis, le Conseil d’État indique d’ailleurs qu’il s’agit de reconnaître l’égalité de la femme par rapport à l’homme au nom des droits de l’homme et du citoyen. Il ne me semble donc pas utile de revenir sur les écrits de Simone de Beauvoir pour accuser ses interlocuteurs de ne pas connaître l’essentialisation ou la différence entre la femme et les femmes.J’ai dit que j’étais favorable à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution. Toutefois, monsieur le rapporteur, vous ne m’avez pas rassurée en indiquant qu’il n’y avait pas de protection juridique du droit de l’enfant à naître.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "151",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1270,
   "amendments": [
    "151"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352033",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "Ndc18a9ce3461",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pourtant, nous parlons des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et non des droits des hommes et des citoyens. C’est bien qu’il y a là un essentiel. Dans son avis, le Conseil d’État indique d’ailleurs qu’il s’agit de reconnaître l’égalité de la femme par rapport à l’homme au nom des droits de l’homme et du citoyen. Il ne me semble donc pas utile de revenir sur les écrits de Simone de Beauvoir pour accuser ses interlocuteurs de ne pas connaître l’essentialisation ou la différence entre la femme et les femmes.J’ai dit que j’étais favorable à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution. Toutefois, monsieur le rapporteur, vous ne m’avez pas rassurée en indiquant qu’il n’y avait pas de protection juridique du droit de l’enfant à naître."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352037",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352037"
   ],
   "order": 1274,
   "text": "Le préambule de la Constitution de 1946 garantit pourtant le principe du respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie, lequel est déduit de celui relatif à la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme d’asservissement et de dégradation. Il est important que nous réaffirmions ces principes.Je remercie ceux de nos collègues qui, sur plusieurs bancs, ont retiré leurs amendements, démontrant ainsi leur volonté d’avancer et de parvenir à un compromis. Quant à moi, je serais rassurée s’ils nous disaient : « Nous sommes attachés au respect de la vie humaine dès son commencement ». Cela indiquerait qu’ils partagent le sentiment de l’importance de cet équilibre. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe HOR. – M. Antoine Vermorel-Marques applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "151",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1274,
   "amendments": [
    "151"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352037",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "Ncb2c582b020a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le préambule de la Constitution de 1946 garantit pourtant le principe du respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie, lequel est déduit de celui relatif à la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme d’asservissement et de dégradation. Il est important que nous réaffirmions ces principes.Je remercie ceux de nos collègues qui, sur plusieurs bancs, ont retiré leurs amendements, démontrant ainsi leur volonté d’avancer et de parvenir à un compromis. Quant à moi, je serais rassurée s’ils nous disaient : « Nous sommes attachés au respect de la vie humaine dès son commencement ». Cela indiquerait qu’ils partagent le sentiment de l’importance de cet équilibre. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe HOR. – M. [PERSONNE]-Marques applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352040",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352040"
   ],
   "order": 1277,
   "text": "Les échanges qui viennent d’avoir lieu ne font que justifier l’existence de nos amendements. Le diktat de la pensée unique (« Oh ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES) prétend qu’un côté représenterait les femmes et pas l’autre. Or je m’estime aussi légitime que vous pour m’exprimer dans cette enceinte, tout comme nos collègues hommes.Le principe de la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine ne mérite pas d’être bafoué. Il en va de même de celui la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, laquelle est claire et sans ambiguïté. Pour garantir un équilibre effectif entre ces deux principes, et pour nous préserver d’une future extension du premier, il est important de permettre, dès l’étape de la réforme de la Constitution, que la protection et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine soient élevées d’un cran, à hauteur constitutionnelle, comme vous voulez le faire pour l’IVG. Cet amendement de repli vise donc à les intégrer conjointement à la formulation que vous avez proposée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1277,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352040",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 180,
   "annotation_id": "Neba6dd93698d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les échanges qui viennent d’avoir lieu ne font que justifier l’existence de nos amendements. Le diktat de la pensée unique (« Oh ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) prétend qu’un côté représenterait les femmes et pas l’autre. Or je m’estime aussi légitime que vous pour m’exprimer dans cette enceinte, tout comme nos collègues hommes.Le principe de la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine ne mérite pas d’être bafoué. Il en va de même de celui la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, laquelle est claire et sans ambiguïté. Pour garantir un équilibre effectif entre ces deux principes, et pour nous préserver d’une future extension du premier, il est important de permettre, dès l’étape de la réforme de la Constitution, que la protection et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine soient élevées d’un cran, à hauteur constitutionnelle, comme vous voulez le faire pour l’IVG. Cet amendement de repli vise donc à les intégrer conjointement à la formulation que vous avez proposée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352043",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352043"
   ],
   "order": 1280,
   "text": "Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable.Ces amendements posent la question du respect de l’équilibre entre différents principes constitutionnels. Il est donc important d’y répondre.Chère collègue Bonnivard, nous en avons parlé à plusieurs reprises.Premièrement, sur le fond, les amendements sont techniquement satisfaits. C’est le rôle du Conseil constitutionnel de veiller à la bonne conciliation des principes constitutionnels, ce qu’il fait au quotidien, par exemple en arbitrant entre la liberté de manifester et l’ordre public, ou entre la liberté d’expression et la laïcité. C’est dans le respect de la conciliation de ces différentes libertés qu’il a donné une protection constitutionnelle à certaines jurisprudences, en indiquant que les lois relatives au droit à l’avortement respectaient deux grands principes : la liberté de la femme, tirée d’une lecture extensive de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et le respect de la dignité humaine.La jurisprudence de 1975 s’appuyait sur l’expression « dès le commencement de la vie », mais pas de la vie à naître, car ce terme n’existe pas dans les textes dont nous parlons. L’article 16 du code civil, quant à lui, veille au « respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie ». Tous ces termes sont différents de la protection de la vie à naître que vous avez évoquée, laquelle n’a pas de protection constitutionnelle.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1280,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352043",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 221,
   "annotation_id": "N5cc87ab22aa5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable.Ces amendements posent la question du respect de l’équilibre entre différents principes constitutionnels. Il est donc important d’y répondre.Chère collègue Bonnivard, nous en avons parlé à plusieurs reprises.Premièrement, sur le fond, les amendements sont techniquement satisfaits. C’est le rôle du Conseil constitutionnel de veiller à la bonne conciliation des principes constitutionnels, ce qu’il fait au quotidien, par exemple en arbitrant entre la liberté de manifester et l’ordre public, ou entre la liberté d’expression et la laïcité. C’est dans le respect de la conciliation de ces différentes libertés qu’il a donné une protection constitutionnelle à certaines jurisprudences, en indiquant que les lois relatives au droit à l’avortement respectaient deux grands principes : la liberté de la femme, tirée d’une lecture extensive de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et le respect de la dignité humaine.La jurisprudence de 1975 s’appuyait sur l’expression « dès le commencement de la vie », mais pas de la vie à naître, car ce terme n’existe pas dans les textes dont nous parlons. L’article 16 du code civil, quant à lui, veille au « respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie ». Tous ces termes sont différents de la protection de la vie à naître que vous avez évoquée, laquelle n’a pas de protection constitutionnelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352048",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352048"
   ],
   "order": 1286,
   "text": "Deuxièmement, la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG ne remet pas en question l’équilibre entre ces grands principes. Simplement, pour assurer leur conciliation, le Conseil constitutionnel pourra à l’avenir s’appuyer non plus sur une lecture extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, mais sur une liberté garantie reconnue à l’article 34 de la Constitution.Pour ce qui est du respect de l’équilibre entre ces grands principes, je vous renvoie au point 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui est très clair. « Il considère que cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites », et dans le respect de l’équilibre que le respect de la Constitution impose entre « d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen », sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel.Comme l’a indiqué le garde des sceaux dans son discours introductif et lors de différentes interventions ultérieures, il n’y a pas de rupture d’équilibre entre ces différents principes. Il reviendra au Conseil constitutionnel de veiller à leur bonne conciliation si, à l’avenir, des propositions de loi ou des projets de loi étaient amenés à proposer des dispositions allant plus loin que le cadre législatif que nous protégeons aujourd’hui.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1286,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352048",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 248,
   "annotation_id": "Nf8a4aa4b8571",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Deuxièmement, la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG ne remet pas en question l’équilibre entre ces grands principes. Simplement, pour assurer leur conciliation, le Conseil constitutionnel pourra à l’avenir s’appuyer non plus sur une lecture extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, mais sur une liberté garantie reconnue à l’article 34 de la Constitution.Pour ce qui est du respect de l’équilibre entre ces grands principes, je vous renvoie au point 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui est très clair. « Il considère que cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites », et dans le respect de l’équilibre que le respect de la Constitution impose entre « d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen », sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel.Comme l’a indiqué le garde des sceaux dans son discours introductif et lors de différentes interventions ultérieures, il n’y a pas de rupture d’équilibre entre ces différents principes. Il reviendra au Conseil constitutionnel de veiller à leur bonne conciliation si, à l’avenir, des propositions de loi ou des projets de loi étaient amenés à proposer des dispositions allant plus loin que le cadre législatif que nous protégeons aujourd’hui."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352051",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352051"
   ],
   "order": 1290,
   "text": "Je vais vous donner, une énième fois, un certain nombre de précisions.Monsieur Le Fur, je suis surpris que vous n’ayez pas entendu ce que j’ai dit dans mon discours. Cela m’étonne d’autant plus que vous êtes habituellement extrêmement attentif sur ce sujet qui, à l’évidence, vous préoccupe.Madame Blin, concernant la sauvegarde de la dignité humaine, la décision du 27 juillet 1994, qui se fonde sur le préambule de la Constitution de 1946, indique qu’il s’agit d’un « principe à valeur constitutionnelle ». Je ne peux rien vous dire de plus. Quant à la clause de conscience des professionnels de santé, médecins et sages-femmes, elle est garantie par la décision du 27 juin 2001, qui se fonde sur l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen pour affirmer que « la liberté de conscience constitue l’un des principes fondamentaux reconnus par les lois de la République », reconnaissant de ce fait que la liberté de conscience a valeur constitutionnelle. Je ne fais que vous lire ce qui est écrit, ce n’est pas moi qui suis en train de l’inventer. Une décision du Conseil constitutionnel devrait vous rassurer, contrairement à Mme Bordes, du RN, qui disait, tout à l’heure : « Au fond, le Conseil d’État… »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "158",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1290,
   "amendments": [
    "158"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352051",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 209,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe40316763ac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais vous donner, une énième fois, un certain nombre de précisions.Monsieur Le Fur, je suis surpris que vous n’ayez pas entendu ce que j’ai dit dans mon discours. Cela m’étonne d’autant plus que vous êtes habituellement extrêmement attentif sur ce sujet qui, à l’évidence, vous préoccupe.Madame Blin, concernant la sauvegarde de la dignité humaine, la décision du 27 juillet 1994, qui se fonde sur le préambule de la Constitution de 1946, indique qu’il s’agit d’un « principe à valeur constitutionnelle ». Je ne peux rien vous dire de plus. Quant à la clause de conscience des professionnels de santé, médecins et sages-femmes, elle est garantie par la décision du 27 juin 2001, qui se fonde sur l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen pour affirmer que « la liberté de conscience constitue l’un des principes fondamentaux reconnus par les lois de la République », reconnaissant de ce fait que la liberté de conscience a valeur constitutionnelle. Je ne fais que vous lire ce qui est écrit, ce n’est pas moi qui suis en train de l’inventer. Une décision du Conseil constitutionnel devrait vous rassurer, contrairement à Mme Bordes, du [GROUPE], qui disait, tout à l’heure : « Au fond, le Conseil d’État… »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352056",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352056"
   ],
   "order": 1295,
   "text": "C’est exactement ce qu’elle a dit, et tout le monde l’a entendu.En revanche, la liberté de recourir à l’avortement, qui fait l’objet de nos débats, n’est pas protégée par une décision du Conseil constitutionnel. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous devons la constitutionnaliser, afin que ces trois éléments – sauvegarde de la dignité humaine, clause de conscience des professionnels et liberté garantie de recourir à l’avortement – figurent dans la Constitution. Il n’y aura donc pas de normes inégales entre elles, contrairement à ce que vous vous plaisez à dire depuis tout à l’heure. C’est ce qu’écrit le Conseil d’État. Si, avec deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel, je ne parviens pas à vous rassurer, c’est à désespérer de tout ; il me semble que nous sommes tous respectueux des décisions du Conseil constitutionnel.Enfin, vous vous avez salué la volonté de certains de vos collègues d’avancer dans le débat en retirant leurs amendements. Je n’ai rien à dire concernant votre liberté d’amender mais, si nous voulons avancer, avançons, si vous me permettez cet impératif.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "158",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1983)",
   "last_order": 1295,
   "amendments": [
    "158"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352056",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 173,
   "annotation_id": "N5562f5808302",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est exactement ce qu’elle a dit, et tout le monde l’a entendu.En revanche, la liberté de recourir à l’avortement, qui fait l’objet de nos débats, n’est pas protégée par une décision du Conseil constitutionnel. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous devons la constitutionnaliser, afin que ces trois éléments – sauvegarde de la dignité humaine, clause de conscience des professionnels et liberté garantie de recourir à l’avortement – figurent dans la Constitution. Il n’y aura donc pas de normes inégales entre elles, contrairement à ce que vous vous plaisez à dire depuis tout à l’heure. C’est ce qu’écrit le Conseil d’État. Si, avec deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel, je ne parviens pas à vous rassurer, c’est à désespérer de tout ; il me semble que nous sommes tous respectueux des décisions du Conseil constitutionnel.Enfin, vous vous avez salué la volonté de certains de vos collègues d’avancer dans le débat en retirant leurs amendements. Je n’ai rien à dire concernant votre liberté d’amender mais, si nous voulons avancer, avançons, si vous me permettez cet impératif."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352276",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352276"
   ],
   "order": 1299,
   "text": "Merci de vos efforts, monsieur le ministre, mais je n’ai pas eu de réponse sur le phénomène constaté en Inde et qui pourrait exister ailleurs. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1299,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352276",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N4d9d5bea437a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Merci de vos efforts, monsieur le ministre, mais je n’ai pas eu de réponse sur le phénomène constaté en Inde et qui pourrait exister ailleurs. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352279",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352279"
   ],
   "order": 1303,
   "text": "On nous a bassinés avec les États-Unis, en nous parlant de l’Iowa et du Nebraska ; moi, je vais vous parler de l’Inde et de l’Uttar Pradesh. (Mêmes mouvements.) Et voilà la réalité : dans ce pays, sur dix ans, le déficit de naissances de filles s’élève à 6,8 millions, et il est de 2 millions dans le seul État de l’Uttar Pradesh. On y trouve des cliniques qui proposent systématiquement des échographies suivies d’avortements pour les fœtus féminins. La voilà, la réalité de ces pays !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1303,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352279",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "N328268f8bb84",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On nous a bassinés avec les États-Unis, en nous parlant de l’Iowa et du Nebraska ; moi, je vais vous parler de l’Inde et de l’Uttar Pradesh. (Mêmes mouvements.) Et voilà la réalité : dans ce pays, sur dix ans, le déficit de naissances de filles s’élève à 6,8 millions, et il est de 2 millions dans le seul État de l’Uttar Pradesh. On y trouve des cliniques qui proposent systématiquement des échographies suivies d’avortements pour les fœtus féminins. La voilà, la réalité de ces pays !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352282",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352282"
   ],
   "order": 1306,
   "text": "Cela signifie que les délais comptent. On ne peut pas évoquer certains exemples étrangers, jusqu’au Guatemala, sans mentionner la plus grande démocratie du monde, le pays le plus peuplé du monde, et je salue d’ailleurs les efforts fournis par le gouvernement indien pour prévenir ce type d’avortements…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1306,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352282",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "Nb87abd543fd7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cela signifie que les délais comptent. On ne peut pas évoquer certains exemples étrangers, jusqu’au Guatemala, sans mentionner la plus grande démocratie du monde, le pays le plus peuplé du monde, et je salue d’ailleurs les efforts fournis par le gouvernement indien pour prévenir ce type d’avortements…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28011",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ba8c4b9b8d69fe0636cc08bf1c790b60af4e1db66e910c561d638c839c3557d4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352284",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352284"
   ],
   "order": 1308,
   "text": "…et pour réglementer ce type de pratiques. Je crois que c’est nécessaire quand on veut protéger sa propre population, et j’aimerais entendre tous ceux qui se réclament du féminisme – avec raison – exprimer aussi leur solidarité concernant ces fœtus féminins qui disparaissent de la circulation.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3350962",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1308,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N103-3352284",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 46,
   "annotation_id": "N0dabed60af08",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et pour réglementer ce type de pratiques. Je crois que c’est nécessaire quand on veut protéger sa propre population, et j’aimerais entendre tous ceux qui se réclament du féminisme – avec raison – exprimer aussi leur solidarité concernant ces fœtus féminins qui disparaissent de la circulation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794022",
   "speaker": "Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "quality": "M. Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351114",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351114"
   ],
   "order": 12,
   "text": "Je tiens, par cet amendement, à rappeler que nous avions défendu une formulation plus ambitieuse que celle qui nous est proposée et à redire, encore et encore, que l’interruption volontaire de grossesse (IVG) et la contraception ont toute leur place dans notre Constitution. Ce sont des droits fondamentaux. Or, aux termes de l’article 16 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789, la Constitution ne détermine pas seulement la séparation des pouvoirs : elle assure aussi la garantie des droits.Je ne referai pas l’exégèse des différentes rédactions possibles, car les débats ont déjà eu lieu – en commission, dans l’hémicycle, au Sénat, puis encore aujourd’hui : cela devient fastidieux. Je veux ici m’adresser à la droite, ou du moins à cette partie de la droite qui semble avancer à reculons : chers collègues, il s’agit désormais d’aboutir et de voter un texte dans les mêmes termes à l’Assemblée et au Sénat. À celles et ceux qui trouvent que la formule retenue manque de ceci ou de cela, je réponds que le temps n’est plus aux arguties ou à l’obstruction.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 12,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351114",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 183,
   "annotation_id": "Nde6a15a1d6ef",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens, par cet amendement, à rappeler que nous avions défendu une formulation plus ambitieuse que celle qui nous est proposée et à redire, encore et encore, que l’interruption volontaire de grossesse (IVG) et la contraception ont toute leur place dans notre Constitution. Ce sont des droits fondamentaux. Or, aux termes de l’article 16 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789, la Constitution ne détermine pas seulement la séparation des pouvoirs : elle assure aussi la garantie des droits.Je ne referai pas l’exégèse des différentes rédactions possibles, car les débats ont déjà eu lieu – en commission, dans l’hémicycle, au Sénat, puis encore aujourd’hui : cela devient fastidieux. Je veux ici m’adresser à la droite, ou du moins à cette partie de la droite qui semble avancer à reculons : chers collègues, il s’agit désormais d’aboutir et de voter un texte dans les mêmes termes à l’Assemblée et au Sénat. À celles et ceux qui trouvent que la formule retenue manque de ceci ou de cela, je réponds que le temps n’est plus aux arguties ou à l’obstruction."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794022",
   "speaker": "Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "quality": "M. Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351117",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351117"
   ],
   "order": 15,
   "text": "Nous avons bataillé, nous aussi, lors de l’examen de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle de novembre 2022, pour convaincre. Nous avons d’ailleurs contribué à améliorer la formulation alors adoptée par l’Assemblée nationale. Aujourd’hui, si nous jugeons la rédaction retenue par le Gouvernement insatisfaisante et incomplète, nous estimons qu’elle préserve l’essentiel. Aussi acceptons-nous ce compromis minimal.Chers collègues de droite – et, à travers vous, je m’adresse également aux sénateurs –, acceptez également ce compromis. Je retire mon amendement, car notre objectif n’est pas de faire obstacle au texte. Je vous demande d’en faire autant : retirez vos amendements. Nous ne sommes plus en novembre 2022 : tous les débats ont déjà eu lieu. (Mme Sarah Tanzilli applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 15,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351117",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "Nfbc7818dbb7a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons bataillé, nous aussi, lors de l’examen de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle de novembre 2022, pour convaincre. Nous avons d’ailleurs contribué à améliorer la formulation alors adoptée par l’Assemblée nationale. Aujourd’hui, si nous jugeons la rédaction retenue par le Gouvernement insatisfaisante et incomplète, nous estimons qu’elle préserve l’essentiel. Aussi acceptons-nous ce compromis minimal.Chers collègues de droite – et, à travers vous, je m’adresse également aux sénateurs –, acceptez également ce compromis. Je retire mon amendement, car notre objectif n’est pas de faire obstacle au texte. Je vous demande d’en faire autant : retirez vos amendements. Nous ne sommes plus en novembre 2022 : tous les débats ont déjà eu lieu. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794022",
   "speaker": "Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "quality": "M. Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351120",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351120"
   ],
   "order": 18,
   "text": "Derrière vos arguments et vos amendements, chacun comprend quel est votre souhait : que ce texte n’aboutisse pas, que l’Assemblée retienne une formulation différente de celle du Sénat, que le processus traîne en longueur et que, finalement, on ne constitutionnalise pas le droit à l’IVG. Jouez franc jeu et allez au bout de vos idées. Si vous souhaitez voter contre le texte, faites-le. Seulement, à cette heure, vos arguments ne servent plus à rien. Retirez-les. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et GDR-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 18,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351120",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 92,
   "annotation_id": "Ndb79b02f8601",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Derrière vos arguments et vos amendements, chacun comprend quel est votre souhait : que ce texte n’aboutisse pas, que l’Assemblée retienne une formulation différente de celle du Sénat, que le processus traîne en longueur et que, finalement, on ne constitutionnalise pas le droit à l’IVG. Jouez franc jeu et allez au bout de vos idées. Si vous souhaitez voter contre le texte, faites-le. Seulement, à cette heure, vos arguments ne servent plus à rien. Retirez-les. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351124",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351124"
   ],
   "order": 22,
   "text": "Pourquoi avez-vous peur du débat, cher collègue ? Nous examinons un projet de loi constitutionnelle qui fera l’objet d’une seule lecture. Si le processus législatif devait aller jusqu’au bout, le texte sera examiné par le Parlement réuni en Congrès à Versailles, où nous n’aurons pas la possibilité de nous exprimer : nous nous contenterons de voter. Nous avons consacré deux heures à la discussion générale et trois heures à la discussion des amendements, que nous poursuivons ce soir. Est-ce encore trop pour vous ? Souhaitez-vous pratiquer l’entrave aux débats ? Auriez-vous peur de discuter de ces questions ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 22,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351124",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 98,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe2e19ef8c1e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi avez-vous peur du débat, cher collègue ? Nous examinons un projet de loi constitutionnelle qui fera l’objet d’une seule lecture. Si le processus législatif devait aller jusqu’au bout, le texte sera examiné par le Parlement réuni en Congrès à Versailles, où nous n’aurons pas la possibilité de nous exprimer : nous nous contenterons de voter. Nous avons consacré deux heures à la discussion générale et trois heures à la discussion des amendements, que nous poursuivons ce soir. Est-ce encore trop pour vous ? Souhaitez-vous pratiquer l’entrave aux débats ? Auriez-vous peur de discuter de ces questions ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351128",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351128"
   ],
   "order": 24,
   "text": "Pourquoi refusez-vous d’organiser un référendum sur un tel sujet ? Parce que vous ne voulez pas que nos concitoyens entendent des conceptions différentes des vôtres, vous qui vous prétendez les tenants du pluralisme et de la liberté d’expression ? Débattons, même si nous ne sommes pas d’accord ! N’ayons pas peur ! Nous sommes en train de nous prononcer sur une révision de notre Constitution : chaque mot compte.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 24,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351128",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "Nb3b1cd4bcc07",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi refusez-vous d’organiser un référendum sur un tel sujet ? Parce que vous ne voulez pas que nos concitoyens entendent des conceptions différentes des vôtres, vous qui vous prétendez les tenants du pluralisme et de la liberté d’expression ? Débattons, même si nous ne sommes pas d’accord ! N’ayons pas peur ! Nous sommes en train de nous prononcer sur une révision de notre Constitution : chaque mot compte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351136",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351136"
   ],
   "order": 32,
   "text": "Encore une fois, si vous souhaitez vous exprimer, faites-le dans le micro, cher collègue.Nous proposons, dans cet amendement, d’adjoindre la notion de « limites » à celle de « conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce » le recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Aucun principe n’est absolu : ils doivent toujours s’appliquer au regard des autres principes existants. Ainsi, la liberté de la femme doit être conciliée avec la protection de la vie à naître. En mentionnant explicitement ces limites dans la Constitution, nous assurerions cet équilibre, dont nous voyons bien que vous voulez le rompre mais que nous souhaitons maintenir.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 32,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351136",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 99,
   "annotation_id": "N69cea0aa9c30",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Encore une fois, si vous souhaitez vous exprimer, faites-le dans le micro, cher collègue.Nous proposons, dans cet amendement, d’adjoindre la notion de « limites » à celle de « conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce » le recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Aucun principe n’est absolu : ils doivent toujours s’appliquer au regard des autres principes existants. Ainsi, la liberté de la femme doit être conciliée avec la protection de la vie à naître. En mentionnant explicitement ces limites dans la Constitution, nous assurerions cet équilibre, dont nous voyons bien que vous voulez le rompre mais que nous souhaitons maintenir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351139",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351139"
   ],
   "order": 35,
   "text": "Je reviendrai à mon tour sur l’intervention inaugurale de cette séance du soir. J’estime qu’on peut ne pas être d’accord et que c’est l’honneur de la démocratie que de pouvoir débattre. Je ne vois pas pourquoi une pensée unique devrait s’exprimer. Nous ne sommes pas simplement législateurs, ce soir : nous sommes le pouvoir constituant.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 35,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351139",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N7df2dbd98ab6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je reviendrai à mon tour sur l’intervention inaugurale de cette séance du soir. J’estime qu’on peut ne pas être d’accord et que c’est l’honneur de la démocratie que de pouvoir débattre. Je ne vois pas pourquoi une pensée unique devrait s’exprimer. Nous ne sommes pas simplement législateurs, ce soir : nous sommes le pouvoir constituant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351141",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351141"
   ],
   "order": 37,
   "text": "Nous nous apprêtons à évacuer, en deux séances, un certain nombre de points – certains seront votés, d’autres seront rejetés. Sur une question aussi importante que la réforme de la Constitution, il me semble que nous pouvons bien consacrer quelques heures au débat et souffrir de nous écouter les uns les autres.Je fais partie de ceux qui considèrent que le débat est politique avant d’être juridique : comme cela a été dit cet après-midi, il est importé des États-Unis, alors que le cadre juridique français n’a rien à voir avec le système américain. Notre inquiétude est qu’en inscrivant dans la Constitution la « liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse », on rompe l’équilibre qui existe actuellement. M. le ministre de la justice nous a assuré tout à l’heure qu’il n’y aurait aucun problème,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 37,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351141",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 140,
   "annotation_id": "N468979a56380",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous apprêtons à évacuer, en deux séances, un certain nombre de points – certains seront votés, d’autres seront rejetés. Sur une question aussi importante que la réforme de la Constitution, il me semble que nous pouvons bien consacrer quelques heures au débat et souffrir de nous écouter les uns les autres.Je fais partie de ceux qui considèrent que le débat est politique avant d’être juridique : comme cela a été dit cet après-midi, il est importé des États-Unis, alors que le cadre juridique français n’a rien à voir avec le système américain. Notre inquiétude est qu’en inscrivant dans la Constitution la « liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse », on rompe l’équilibre qui existe actuellement. M. le ministre de la justice nous a assuré tout à l’heure qu’il n’y aurait aucun problème,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351144",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351144"
   ],
   "order": 40,
   "text": "…puisque la liberté de conscience a été reconnue par une décision du Conseil constitutionnel.Mais la question n’est pas tant de savoir ce que reconnaît le Conseil constitutionnel que de déterminer comment seront conciliés ces principes à valeur constitutionnelle ou ces principes fondamentaux reconnus par les lois de la République.Permettez-moi de prendre un tout autre exemple pour illustrer mon propos : le droit de grève et la continuité des services publics sont deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle. Or qu’advient-il quand il s’agit de les concilier ? En général, c’est plutôt le droit de grève qui l’emporte. Pris isolément, ces deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle semblent pourtant de rang parfaitement identique : c’est la manière dont on les concilie qui fait la différence. (Mme Ségolène Amiot s’exclame.)Comme d’autres, je m’interroge donc sur cette conciliation qui pourrait se révéler défavorable à la liberté de conscience, à la liberté de la femme ou au respect de l’enfant à naître – qui renvoie à l’article 16 du code civil, lequel, cela a été dit, consacre un principe de dignité que nous voulons rappeler. Tout comme les droits sont assortis de devoirs, les conditions doivent être assorties de limites.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 40,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351144",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 193,
   "annotation_id": "Nc993fdc03ece",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…puisque la liberté de conscience a été reconnue par une décision du Conseil constitutionnel.Mais la question n’est pas tant de savoir ce que reconnaît le Conseil constitutionnel que de déterminer comment seront conciliés ces principes à valeur constitutionnelle ou ces principes fondamentaux reconnus par les lois de la République.Permettez-moi de prendre un tout autre exemple pour illustrer mon propos : le droit de grève et la continuité des services publics sont deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle. Or qu’advient-il quand il s’agit de les concilier ? En général, c’est plutôt le droit de grève qui l’emporte. Pris isolément, ces deux principes à valeur constitutionnelle semblent pourtant de rang parfaitement identique : c’est la manière dont on les concilie qui fait la différence. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)Comme d’autres, je m’interroge donc sur cette conciliation qui pourrait se révéler défavorable à la liberté de conscience, à la liberté de la femme ou au respect de l’enfant à naître – qui renvoie à l’article 16 du code civil, lequel, cela a été dit, consacre un principe de dignité que nous voulons rappeler. Tout comme les droits sont assortis de devoirs, les conditions doivent être assorties de limites."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351148",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351148"
   ],
   "order": 45,
   "text": "J’ai été surpris par le propos de notre collègue Iordanoff. J’imagine que ses mots ont dépassé sa pensée, mais, si j’ai bien compris, l’objectif était de censurer tout débat. « Taisez-vous », nous avez-vous dit, en des termes d’ailleurs assez peu choisis. Nous n’avons pas l’intention de nous taire, cher collègue : nous sommes ici au Parlement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 45,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351148",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "Nc990399e5a8d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai été surpris par le propos de notre collègue Iordanoff. J’imagine que ses mots ont dépassé sa pensée, mais, si j’ai bien compris, l’objectif était de censurer tout débat. « Taisez-vous », nous avez-vous dit, en des termes d’ailleurs assez peu choisis. Nous n’avons pas l’intention de nous taire, cher collègue : nous sommes ici au Parlement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351150",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351150"
   ],
   "order": 47,
   "text": "C’est d’autant plus vrai que nous nous exprimons ce soir non pas en tant que législateurs, mais en tant que constituants. Il est donc tout à fait légitime que nous y consacrions du temps et de l’énergie et que nous débattions.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 47,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351150",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N91b979936e35",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est d’autant plus vrai que nous nous exprimons ce soir non pas en tant que législateurs, mais en tant que constituants. Il est donc tout à fait légitime que nous y consacrions du temps et de l’énergie et que nous débattions."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351152",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351152"
   ],
   "order": 49,
   "text": "Le but n’est pas simplement de vous convaincre, mais de saisir cette occasion pour soulever, devant l’opinion, un certain nombre de questions. Pour vous, elles relèvent de dogmes, mais je ne suis pas d’accord : la Constitution n’est pas un dogme.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 49,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351152",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nb53d57c9aa27",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le but n’est pas simplement de vous convaincre, mais de saisir cette occasion pour soulever, devant l’opinion, un certain nombre de questions. Pour vous, elles relèvent de dogmes, mais je ne suis pas d’accord : la Constitution n’est pas un dogme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351313",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351313"
   ],
   "order": 51,
   "text": "Dans une société laïque, d’ailleurs, il n’y a pas de dogmes : il y a un État de droit qui prévaut à une date donnée et qui peut évoluer, dans un sens ou dans un autre. Voilà la réalité du droit, y compris du droit constitutionnel, que nous voulons mettre en avant.Nous considérons donc que, dès lors qu’on entend constitutionnaliser…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 51,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351313",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N6b48d6685cb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dans une société laïque, d’ailleurs, il n’y a pas de dogmes : il y a un État de droit qui prévaut à une date donnée et qui peut évoluer, dans un sens ou dans un autre. Voilà la réalité du droit, y compris du droit constitutionnel, que nous voulons mettre en avant.Nous considérons donc que, dès lors qu’on entend constitutionnaliser…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351155",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351155"
   ],
   "order": 54,
   "text": "…une liberté qui existe objectivement déjà dans les faits, il faut bien évidemment en assurer la garantie mais aussi, comme pour toute liberté – ou tout droit, selon la rédaction qui sera retenue –, lui associer des limites. C’est aussi simple que cela. Dire cela me semble relever de notre honneur et de notre devoir. Nos interventions ne relèvent pas du tout d’une quelconque obstruction parlementaire : elles participent de l’échange normal entre députés.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 54,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351155",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "Ne99fdc63e539",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…une liberté qui existe objectivement déjà dans les faits, il faut bien évidemment en assurer la garantie mais aussi, comme pour toute liberté – ou tout droit, selon la rédaction qui sera retenue –, lui associer des limites. C’est aussi simple que cela. Dire cela me semble relever de notre honneur et de notre devoir. Nos interventions ne relèvent pas du tout d’une quelconque obstruction parlementaire : elles participent de l’échange normal entre députés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351159",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351159"
   ],
   "order": 58,
   "text": "Il vise à insérer, après le mot « conditions », les mots « et limites ». La constitutionnalisation de l’accès à l’IVG aura en effet pour conséquence, entre autres, d’en faire un droit ou une liberté inconditionnels. Or il faut fixer des bornes et des limites. C’est ce qu’a fait le législateur, notamment en prévoyant des délais de recours à l’IVG. Pouvez-vous nous garantir, monsieur le ministre, que la constitutionnalisation n’ouvrira pas droit, à l’avenir, au recours à l’IVG jusqu’au terme de la grossesse ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 58,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351159",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N7981c69c4e87",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à insérer, après le mot « conditions », les mots « et limites ». La constitutionnalisation de l’accès à l’IVG aura en effet pour conséquence, entre autres, d’en faire un droit ou une liberté inconditionnels. Or il faut fixer des bornes et des limites. C’est ce qu’a fait le législateur, notamment en prévoyant des délais de recours à l’IVG. Pouvez-vous nous garantir, monsieur le ministre, que la constitutionnalisation n’ouvrira pas droit, à l’avenir, au recours à l’IVG jusqu’au terme de la grossesse ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351161",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351161"
   ],
   "order": 60,
   "text": "C’est bien la question qu’on peut légitimement se poser, au vu des débats qui nous ont animés à plusieurs occasions : l’accès à l’IVG de façon inconditionnelle jusqu’à la fin de la grossesse est une revendication, exprimée notamment sur les bancs de la gauche de cet hémicycle.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 60,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351161",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "N47496f46ba8d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est bien la question qu’on peut légitimement se poser, au vu des débats qui nous ont animés à plusieurs occasions : l’accès à l’IVG de façon inconditionnelle jusqu’à la fin de la grossesse est une revendication, exprimée notamment sur les bancs de la gauche de cet hémicycle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351168",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351168"
   ],
   "order": 67,
   "text": "Il est identique aux précédents, à un mot près. L’objectif est tout simplement de revenir à l’esprit de la loi du 17 janvier 1975 relative à l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse, la loi Veil, qui encadrait le recours à l’avortement, et de s’assurer que l’IVG ne deviendra pas, à terme, un droit dénué de limites. Le terme de « garantie » que vous proposez engendre des incertitudes : quelle sera la nature de cette garantie ? Sera-t-elle relative ou absolue ? Cette formulation pourrait remettre en cause l’équilibre trouvé dans la loi Veil, qui a prévu un encadrement éthique de cette liberté. De fait, toute liberté s’accompagne de conditions et de limites.Il semble donc judicieux de compléter l’alinéa 2 en ce sens, les limites devant être le pendant des garanties. C’est en réglementant au quotidien l’usage des libertés que la loi peut garantir à tous la même jouissance des mêmes droits. C’est précisément ce qui caractérise notre État de droit.Enfin, petit élément de rappel : l’Assemblée nationale avait adopté, en août 2020, dans le cadre de l’examen du projet de loi relatif à la bioéthique, un amendement ajoutant la détresse psychosociale aux motifs justifiant une interruption médicale de grossesse (IMG) jusqu’au neuvième mois. Vous voyez donc bien que, de la même manière que vous souhaitez apporter des garanties, il est important de poser des limites. (Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 67,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351168",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 229,
   "annotation_id": "Ncf49cfae0b19",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est identique aux précédents, à un mot près. L’objectif est tout simplement de revenir à l’esprit de la loi du 17 janvier 1975 relative à l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse, la loi Veil, qui encadrait le recours à l’avortement, et de s’assurer que l’IVG ne deviendra pas, à terme, un droit dénué de limites. Le terme de « garantie » que vous proposez engendre des incertitudes : quelle sera la nature de cette garantie ? Sera-t-elle relative ou absolue ? Cette formulation pourrait remettre en cause l’équilibre trouvé dans la loi Veil, qui a prévu un encadrement éthique de cette liberté. De fait, toute liberté s’accompagne de conditions et de limites.Il semble donc judicieux de compléter l’alinéa 2 en ce sens, les limites devant être le pendant des garanties. C’est en réglementant au quotidien l’usage des libertés que la loi peut garantir à tous la même jouissance des mêmes droits. C’est précisément ce qui caractérise notre État de droit.Enfin, petit élément de rappel : l’Assemblée nationale avait adopté, en août 2020, dans le cadre de l’examen du projet de loi relatif à la bioéthique, un amendement ajoutant la détresse psychosociale aux motifs justifiant une interruption médicale de grossesse (IMG) jusqu’au neuvième mois. Vous voyez donc bien que, de la même manière que vous souhaitez apporter des garanties, il est important de poser des limites. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des lois constitutionnelles, de la législation et de l’administration générale de la République",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351172",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351172"
   ],
   "order": 71,
   "text": "À travers ces amendements, vous voulez rappeler que le législateur est compétent pour fixer le cadre – les limites – du recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Vos demandes sont satisfaites par la rédaction même du projet de révision constitutionnelle, qui vise précisément à prévoir à l’article 34 de la Constitution que « la loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 71,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351172",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "Nbd4fd34b1488",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "À travers ces amendements, vous voulez rappeler que le législateur est compétent pour fixer le cadre – les limites – du recours à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Vos demandes sont satisfaites par la rédaction même du projet de révision constitutionnelle, qui vise précisément à prévoir à l’article 34 de la Constitution que « la loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351174",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351174"
   ],
   "order": 73,
   "text": "Je rappelle que, dans son avis sur le texte, le Conseil d’État indique, au considérant 12, que « cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites […], sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel ». Je vous renvoie également au considérant 4 du même avis, dans lequel il est rappelé que la rédaction retenue doit être « limpide, concise et précise », ce qui est précisément le cas de celle proposée par le Gouvernement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 73,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351174",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 96,
   "annotation_id": "N224223b0fc5f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle que, dans son avis sur le texte, le Conseil d’État indique, au considérant 12, que « cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites […], sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel ». Je vous renvoie également au considérant 4 du même avis, dans lequel il est rappelé que la rédaction retenue doit être « limpide, concise et précise », ce qui est précisément le cas de celle proposée par le Gouvernement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351176",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351176"
   ],
   "order": 75,
   "text": "Or la rédaction que vous suggérez introduit de l’ambiguïté : elle pourrait laisser entendre qu’en réalité on ne cherche pas à créer un bouclier, mais à inviter le Parlement à légiférer dans le sens inverse. J’émets donc un avis défavorable sur l’ensemble des amendements.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 75,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351176",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "Ned9e82d5c890",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Or la rédaction que vous suggérez introduit de l’ambiguïté : elle pourrait laisser entendre qu’en réalité on ne cherche pas à créer un bouclier, mais à inviter le Parlement à légiférer dans le sens inverse. J’émets donc un avis défavorable sur l’ensemble des amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux, ministre de la justice",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351179",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351179"
   ],
   "order": 78,
   "text": "En trente-six ans de barreau, j’ai eu très souvent le sentiment de ne pas être clair et de ne pas m’exprimer de façon intelligible. Naturellement, le résultat n’était alors pas à l’aune de mes espérances. Mais, en l’occurrence, messieurs les députés Le Fur, Breton, Gosselin et Hetzel, madame la députée Blin, c’est la dixième fois que je vous dis les choses.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 78,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351179",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N74d5e90a40f1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En trente-six ans de barreau, j’ai eu très souvent le sentiment de ne pas être clair et de ne pas m’exprimer de façon intelligible. Naturellement, le résultat n’était alors pas à l’aune de mes espérances. Mais, en l’occurrence, messieurs les députés Le Fur, Breton, Gosselin et Hetzel, madame la députée Blin, c’est la dixième fois que je vous dis les choses."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351181",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351181"
   ],
   "order": 80,
   "text": "Si ç’avait été une fois ou deux, j’aurais pu me dire que je ne suis pas très en forme, que j’ai pu bégayer ou manquer de clarté – mais pas dix fois !Je vais donc, pour la dernière fois, vous lire l’avis du Conseil d’État. « Le Conseil d’État considère que, par elle-même, l’inscription de la liberté de recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution, dans les termes que propose le Gouvernement, ne remet pas en cause les autres droits et libertés que la Constitution garantit, tels que notamment la liberté de conscience qui sous-tend la liberté des médecins et sages-femmes de ne pas pratiquer une interruption volontaire de grossesse ainsi que la liberté d’expression. »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 80,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351181",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "N1739c0a212c4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si ç’avait été une fois ou deux, j’aurais pu me dire que je ne suis pas très en forme, que j’ai pu bégayer ou manquer de clarté – mais pas dix fois !Je vais donc, pour la dernière fois, vous lire l’avis du Conseil d’État. « Le Conseil d’État considère que, par elle-même, l’inscription de la liberté de recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution, dans les termes que propose le Gouvernement, ne remet pas en cause les autres droits et libertés que la Constitution garantit, tels que notamment la liberté de conscience qui sous-tend la liberté des médecins et sages-femmes de ne pas pratiquer une interruption volontaire de grossesse ainsi que la liberté d’expression. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351347"
   ],
   "order": 83,
   "text": "Je vous ai donné les références adéquates, à savoir les deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel, la décision du 29 juillet 1994 et la décision du 27 juin 2001, que je vous ai lues pour partie.Je respecte vos opinions – c’est bien normal – mais voulez-vous réellement une discussion ou visez-vous l’obstruction ? (Mme Anne-Laurence Petel et M. Jean-François Lovisolo applaudissent.) Je suis très respectueux de ce que vous exprimez, je vous donne une réponse qui dépasse ma modeste personne en citant des décisions du Conseil constitutionnel et un avis du Conseil d’État, excusez du peu ! J’ai même envisagé, monsieur Le Fur, de vous répondre en hindi, puisque, cet après-midi, vous avez évoqué l’Inde. Je dispose d’une traduction…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 83,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351347",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Nf5b8471d8037",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous ai donné les références adéquates, à savoir les deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel, la décision du 29 juillet 1994 et la décision du 27 juin 2001, que je vous ai lues pour partie.Je respecte vos opinions – c’est bien normal – mais voulez-vous réellement une discussion ou visez-vous l’obstruction ? (Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.) Je suis très respectueux de ce que vous exprimez, je vous donne une réponse qui dépasse ma modeste personne en citant des décisions du Conseil constitutionnel et un avis du Conseil d’État, excusez du peu ! J’ai même envisagé, monsieur Le Fur, de vous répondre en hindi, puisque, cet après-midi, vous avez évoqué l’Inde. Je dispose d’une traduction…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351351",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351351"
   ],
   "order": 86,
   "text": "M. Le Fur m’a déjà fait le coup – avorté, au demeurant – de la langue régionale, lors d’une précédente tentative de révision constitutionnelle ; je m’en souviens comme si c’était hier…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 86,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351351",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N1bb20e710905",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "M. Le Fur m’a déjà fait le coup – avorté, au demeurant – de la langue régionale, lors d’une précédente tentative de révision constitutionnelle ; je m’en souviens comme si c’était hier…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351355",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351355"
   ],
   "order": 90,
   "text": "Je pensais vous avoir rassurés pleinement, au-delà même de mes arguments personnels, mais ce n’est pas le cas. Essayons malgré tout d’avancer… ou assumez l’obstruction ! (M. Jean-François Lovisolo applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 90,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351355",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N2fcf4db926b5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je pensais vous avoir rassurés pleinement, au-delà même de mes arguments personnels, mais ce n’est pas le cas. Essayons malgré tout d’avancer… ou assumez l’obstruction ! (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794022",
   "speaker": "Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "quality": "M. Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351357",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351357"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "En accord avec l’argumentation du garde des sceaux, je m’oppose à ces amendements. Nous avons déjà eu cette discussion en commission et, auparavant, en 2022. Nous refaisons sans cesse les mêmes débats.Dans la Constitution, que je vous invite à relire, aucun des droits et libertés garantis n’est assorti de limites.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 92,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351357",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N35289824240f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En accord avec l’argumentation du garde des sceaux, je m’oppose à ces amendements. Nous avons déjà eu cette discussion en commission et, auparavant, en 2022. Nous refaisons sans cesse les mêmes débats.Dans la Constitution, que je vous invite à relire, aucun des droits et libertés garantis n’est assorti de limites."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794022",
   "speaker": "Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "quality": "M. Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351363",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351363"
   ],
   "order": 99,
   "text": "Notre but, ce soir, est d’aboutir ensemble à une formulation qui puisse être adoptée par l’Assemblée et le Sénat. Notre groupe n’était pas d’accord avec la formulation retenue par le Gouvernement, mais nous avons fait un effort. Or vous donnez l’impression de ne pas souhaiter aboutir, comme en novembre 2022, lorsque vous aviez déposé des centaines d’amendements pour faire de l’obstruction. Lors des débats en commission, vous n’avez cessé de vous répéter, et vous recommencez ce soir. Si vous ne voulez pas inscrire l’IVG dans la Constitution, dites-le et votez contre ! Mais cessez ces arguties, vous n’êtes pas crédibles ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe Écolo-NUPES, RE et SOC. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 99,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351363",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "Nf12782052e60",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre but, ce soir, est d’aboutir ensemble à une formulation qui puisse être adoptée par l’Assemblée et le Sénat. Notre groupe n’était pas d’accord avec la formulation retenue par le Gouvernement, mais nous avons fait un effort. Or vous donnez l’impression de ne pas souhaiter aboutir, comme en novembre 2022, lorsque vous aviez déposé des centaines d’amendements pour faire de l’obstruction. Lors des débats en commission, vous n’avez cessé de vous répéter, et vous recommencez ce soir. Si vous ne voulez pas inscrire l’IVG dans la Constitution, dites-le et votez contre ! Mais cessez ces arguties, vous n’êtes pas crédibles ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe Écolo-[GROUPE], RE et [GROUPE]. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351369",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351369"
   ],
   "order": 104,
   "text": "Nous estimons simplement que certains points relèvent du débat, et nous ne pouvons pas laisser dire n’importe quoi ! Ni dans la Constitution ni dans le bloc de constitutionnalité – je vous renvoie sur ce point à la décision du Conseil constitutionnel du 16 juillet 1971 –, il n’est précisé que les libertés sont générales, absolues et sans limite.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 104,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351369",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "N3d75ab27d521",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous estimons simplement que certains points relèvent du débat, et nous ne pouvons pas laisser dire n’importe quoi ! Ni dans la Constitution ni dans le bloc de constitutionnalité – je vous renvoie sur ce point à la décision du Conseil constitutionnel du 16 juillet 1971 –, il n’est précisé que les libertés sont générales, absolues et sans limite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351658",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351658"
   ],
   "order": 106,
   "text": "Aux termes de l’article 4 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, c’est la loi qui borne les libertés, sachant, évidemment, que la liberté de chacun s’arrête où commence celle de l’autre. Ainsi, la loi fixe des limites. Ce n’est pas nouveau. Nous ne pouvons pas laisser dire que la liberté est générale et absolue.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 106,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351658",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N670bbe8b3668",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Aux termes de l’article 4 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, c’est la loi qui borne les libertés, sachant, évidemment, que la liberté de chacun s’arrête où commence celle de l’autre. Ainsi, la loi fixe des limites. Ce n’est pas nouveau. Nous ne pouvons pas laisser dire que la liberté est générale et absolue."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351374"
   ],
   "order": 111,
   "text": "Nous souhaitons de bonne foi qu’il n’y ait aucun doute sur la formulation afin que le texte puisse être voté par le plus grand nombre de députés. Il existe des divergences de vue sur des points fondamentaux, car chacun a sa liberté de conscience. Aussi, je refuse d’entendre que ce que nous faisons ce soir en déposant des amendements est une honte. Non, ce n’est pas une honte, ce sont les accusations de nos collègues qui sont honteuses.Je suis heureuse que nous ayons déposé des amendements – j’observe que le RN n’en a déposé aucun – car ils nous permettent de clarifier les choses et d’avancer ensemble. Nous disposons ce soir du pouvoir constituant. Nos travaux doivent éclairer le Conseil constitutionnel en cas de recours. Nos amendements ont permis au ministre et au rapporteur de clarifier leur propos et l’intention du constituant. Pas de pétition de principe ! Le sujet est suffisamment important pour que nous y consacrions du temps, sans obstruction. Je me suis battue pour qu’il n’y en ait pas dans mon groupe.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351112",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 111,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351374",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 175,
   "annotation_id": "N81ba3b7f167d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous souhaitons de bonne foi qu’il n’y ait aucun doute sur la formulation afin que le texte puisse être voté par le plus grand nombre de députés. Il existe des divergences de vue sur des points fondamentaux, car chacun a sa liberté de conscience. Aussi, je refuse d’entendre que ce que nous faisons ce soir en déposant des amendements est une honte. Non, ce n’est pas une honte, ce sont les accusations de nos collègues qui sont honteuses.Je suis heureuse que nous ayons déposé des amendements – j’observe que le [GROUPE] n’en a déposé aucun – car ils nous permettent de clarifier les choses et d’avancer ensemble. Nous disposons ce soir du pouvoir constituant. Nos travaux doivent éclairer le Conseil constitutionnel en cas de recours. Nos amendements ont permis au ministre et au rapporteur de clarifier leur propos et l’intention du constituant. Pas de pétition de principe ! Le sujet est suffisamment important pour que nous y consacrions du temps, sans obstruction. Je me suis battue pour qu’il n’y en ait pas dans mon groupe."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794118",
   "speaker": "Antoine Vermorel",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Vermorel-Marques",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351385",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351385"
   ],
   "order": 121,
   "text": "Cet amendement de groupe vise à permettre la constitutionnalisation de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, le plus rapidement possible. Nous proposons pour cela d’adopter une version du texte conforme à celle votée par le Sénat le 1er février dernier, de manière à accélérer nos débats et à réunir le Congrès sans tarder.Par ailleurs, même si je ne partage pas la position de certains des collègues de mon groupe, il est sain de pouvoir exposer ses opinions dans cet hémicycle. Le droit d’amendement est inaliénable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 121,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351385",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "N0b9cf3966bed",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement de groupe vise à permettre la constitutionnalisation de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, le plus rapidement possible. Nous proposons pour cela d’adopter une version du texte conforme à celle votée par le Sénat le 1er février dernier, de manière à accélérer nos débats et à réunir le Congrès sans tarder.Par ailleurs, même si je ne partage pas la position de certains des collègues de mon groupe, il est sain de pouvoir exposer ses opinions dans cet hémicycle. Le droit d’amendement est inaliénable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351388",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351388"
   ],
   "order": 125,
   "text": "Il y a quelques semaines, vous contestiez toute possibilité de modifier la Constitution sur la question de l’immigration, et ce soir, tout devrait passer sans débat… Mais réformer la Constitution, ce n’est pas rien ! Selon Montesquieu, il ne faut y toucher qu’avec parcimonie. Chaque terme du libellé d’une disposition constitutionnelle a son intérêt. Tel est l’enjeu, juridique et législatif, de notre débat de ce soir.En l’occurrence, le terme « garantie », choisi par le Gouvernement et qui ne figure pas dans la rédaction adoptée par les sénateurs, contrairement à ce que M. le garde des sceaux a affirmé, n’est pas sans incidence.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 125,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351388",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N0a096a25b41e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a quelques semaines, vous contestiez toute possibilité de modifier la Constitution sur la question de l’immigration, et ce soir, tout devrait passer sans débat… Mais réformer la Constitution, ce n’est pas rien ! Selon Montesquieu, il ne faut y toucher qu’avec parcimonie. Chaque terme du libellé d’une disposition constitutionnelle a son intérêt. Tel est l’enjeu, juridique et législatif, de notre débat de ce soir.En l’occurrence, le terme « garantie », choisi par le Gouvernement et qui ne figure pas dans la rédaction adoptée par les sénateurs, contrairement à ce que M. le garde des sceaux a affirmé, n’est pas sans incidence."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351391",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351391"
   ],
   "order": 128,
   "text": "Lors de la discussion générale, Émilie Bonnivard a évoqué les conséquences de ce mot, à propos du cas précis d’une jeune femme ne pouvant accéder à l’IVG dans les délais imposés par la loi. Vous ne lui avez pas réellement répondu ni levé les incertitudes existantes. En qualité de garde des sceaux, vous avez un avis, mais celui du Conseil constitutionnel sera peut-être différent. Je vous propose de supprimer ce terme, écarté par les sénateurs car il est source d’incertitudes en ce qui concerne la conciliation de plusieurs principes.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 128,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351391",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "Nd7cf1789c2f5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Lors de la discussion générale, [PERSONNE] a évoqué les conséquences de ce mot, à propos du cas précis d’une jeune femme ne pouvant accéder à l’IVG dans les délais imposés par la loi. Vous ne lui avez pas réellement répondu ni levé les incertitudes existantes. En qualité de garde des sceaux, vous avez un avis, mais celui du Conseil constitutionnel sera peut-être différent. Je vous propose de supprimer ce terme, écarté par les sénateurs car il est source d’incertitudes en ce qui concerne la conciliation de plusieurs principes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351393",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351393"
   ],
   "order": 130,
   "text": "Je suis favorable à l’inscription des termes « interruption volontaire de grossesse » dans la Constitution mais pas à l’expression « mettre fin à sa grossesse », qui me paraît ambiguë. Je supprimerai le terme « garantie » de manière à avoir le plus rapidement possible un vote conforme des deux assemblées.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 130,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351393",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "Nb4f6fc094915",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis favorable à l’inscription des termes « interruption volontaire de grossesse » dans la Constitution mais pas à l’expression « mettre fin à sa grossesse », qui me paraît ambiguë. Je supprimerai le terme « garantie » de manière à avoir le plus rapidement possible un vote conforme des deux assemblées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351395",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351395"
   ],
   "order": 132,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Ces amendements proposent d’en revenir à la rédaction validée par le Sénat il y a un peu plus d’un an. Si nous les votions, cela n’entraînerait pas un vote conforme, mais nous repartirons de zéro. Quoi qu’il arrive, il faudrait un délai de quatre semaines avant que les débats aient lieu au Sénat, avec, en cas de désaccord, le passage par la navette.Sur la rédaction de l’article en elle-même, je l’ai saluée et j’ai regardé avec attention les travaux de M. Philippe Bas sur l’emplacement et le choix du terme « liberté ».Mme Bonnivard a raison de préférer l’emploi des mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » à l’expression « mettre fin à sa grossesse », qui n’a pas de valeur juridique.Madame Blin, le mot « garantie » ne crée pas d’ambiguïté, il précise et clarifie notre volonté de créer un bouclier protecteur, pour empêcher que, demain, une loi vienne interdire ou restreindre le droit à l’avortement tel que défini par l’ensemble des lois votées depuis 1975.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 132,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351395",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 169,
   "annotation_id": "N306fbde72574",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Ces amendements proposent d’en revenir à la rédaction validée par le Sénat il y a un peu plus d’un an. Si nous les votions, cela n’entraînerait pas un vote conforme, mais nous repartirons de zéro. Quoi qu’il arrive, il faudrait un délai de quatre semaines avant que les débats aient lieu au Sénat, avec, en cas de désaccord, le passage par la navette.Sur la rédaction de l’article en elle-même, je l’ai saluée et j’ai regardé avec attention les travaux de M. [PERSONNE] sur l’emplacement et le choix du terme « liberté ».Mme Bonnivard a raison de préférer l’emploi des mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » à l’expression « mettre fin à sa grossesse », qui n’a pas de valeur juridique.Madame Blin, le mot « garantie » ne crée pas d’ambiguïté, il précise et clarifie notre volonté de créer un bouclier protecteur, pour empêcher que, demain, une loi vienne interdire ou restreindre le droit à l’avortement tel que défini par l’ensemble des lois votées depuis 1975."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351757",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351757"
   ],
   "order": 141,
   "text": "Ces deux amendements visent à remplacer, à l’alinéa 2, les mots « à la femme », soit par « aux personnes » – dans le cas du n° 112 – soit par « toute personne en état de grossesse » – dans le cas du n° 110.L’avis du Conseil d’État indique assez clairement que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG « doit être entendue comme bénéficiant à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France ». D’ailleurs, la question des personnes transgenre et intersexe en situation de grossesse avait été posée lors de l’examen d’un précédent texte discuté ici-même.Il me semble donc très important de réaffirmer que toutes les personnes enceintes sont concernées. C’est ce que je vous demande de faire, monsieur le ministre, car cela permettra d’éclairer la volonté du législateur et cela me semble important pour la suite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "112 et 110",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 141,
   "amendments": [
    "112 et 110"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351757",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 172,
   "annotation_id": "N04ad6d9f6c31",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ces deux amendements visent à remplacer, à l’alinéa 2, les mots « à la femme », soit par « aux personnes » – dans le cas du n° 112 – soit par « toute personne en état de grossesse » – dans le cas du n° 110.L’avis du Conseil d’État indique assez clairement que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG « doit être entendue comme bénéficiant à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France ». D’ailleurs, la question des personnes transgenre et intersexe en situation de grossesse avait été posée lors de l’examen d’un précédent texte discuté ici-même.Il me semble donc très important de réaffirmer que toutes les personnes enceintes sont concernées. C’est ce que je vous demande de faire, monsieur le ministre, car cela permettra d’éclairer la volonté du législateur et cela me semble important pour la suite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351761",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351761"
   ],
   "order": 145,
   "text": "Je laisserai bien sûr le garde des sceaux répondre à cette question importante – à laquelle j’avais moi-même répondu en commission.En citant l’avis du Conseil d’État, et plus particulièrement le considérant n° 15, d’une certaine manière, vous avez vous-même déjà répondu. Dans la rédaction proposée, le terme « femme » est inclusif et concerne donc l’ensemble des personnes qui souhaiteraient mettre un terme à leur grossesse.Par conséquent, je demande le retrait de cet amendement et émettrai, à défaut, un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 145,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351761",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "N572953b03c43",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je laisserai bien sûr le garde des sceaux répondre à cette question importante – à laquelle j’avais moi-même répondu en commission.En citant l’avis du Conseil d’État, et plus particulièrement le considérant n° 15, d’une certaine manière, vous avez vous-même déjà répondu. Dans la rédaction proposée, le terme « femme » est inclusif et concerne donc l’ensemble des personnes qui souhaiteraient mettre un terme à leur grossesse.Par conséquent, je demande le retrait de cet amendement et émettrai, à défaut, un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793688",
   "speaker": "Pascale Martin",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Martin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351768",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351768"
   ],
   "order": 152,
   "text": "Comme vous le savez, nous tenons beaucoup à l’inscription du droit à la contraception dans la Constitution.Quelqu’un a dit tout à l’heure qu’il ne fallait pas s’appuyer sur les exemples des autres pays. Or ce sont bien ces réalités qui fondent notre humanité. J’aimerais donc vous citer l’exemple de la Pologne. L’avortement y est légalisé en 1956, il est alors gratuit. En 1993, une première loi restreint la possibilité d’avoir recours à une IVG à quelques cas uniquement : viol, inceste, malformation grave du fœtus et risque pour la vie ou la santé de la femme enceinte. Nouvelle atteinte aux droits des femmes en 2017 : la vente de la contraception d’urgence sans ordonnance est interdite. En 2020, le droit à l’avortement est de nouveau restreint, l’interdiction visant même les cas de malformation grave et irréversible du fœtus et de maladie incurable ou potentiellement mortelle.Si j’ai fait cet historique, c’est pour vous montrer que, contrairement à ce qui a été beaucoup dit dans l’hémicycle, le droit à l’avortement est bel et bien menacé. La contraception l’est également : si, demain, ce droit n’était pas constitutionnalisé, quelqu’un pourrait décider de le retirer, ce qui créerait des problèmes pour nous, les femmes.Contraception et avortement sont deux versants d’une même lutte pour le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. En Hongrie, l’avortement a été légalisé en 1953 mais, depuis 2022 – cela a déjà été dit à plusieurs reprises mais il faut le répéter –, les femmes sont obligées d’écouter les battements de cœur du fœtus avant de mettre un terme à leur grossesse. La contraception d’urgence, accessible uniquement sur ordonnance, n’est pas remboursée.C’est pourquoi, par cet amendement, nous demandons la constitutionnalisation de la liberté du recours à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "111",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 152,
   "amendments": [
    "111"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351768",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 300,
   "annotation_id": "N9cddba265908",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme vous le savez, nous tenons beaucoup à l’inscription du droit à la contraception dans la Constitution.Quelqu’un a dit tout à l’heure qu’il ne fallait pas s’appuyer sur les exemples des autres pays. Or ce sont bien ces réalités qui fondent notre humanité. J’aimerais donc vous citer l’exemple de la Pologne. L’avortement y est légalisé en 1956, il est alors gratuit. En 1993, une première loi restreint la possibilité d’avoir recours à une IVG à quelques cas uniquement : viol, inceste, malformation grave du fœtus et risque pour la vie ou la santé de la femme enceinte. Nouvelle atteinte aux droits des femmes en 2017 : la vente de la contraception d’urgence sans ordonnance est interdite. En 2020, le droit à l’avortement est de nouveau restreint, l’interdiction visant même les cas de malformation grave et irréversible du fœtus et de maladie incurable ou potentiellement mortelle.Si j’ai fait cet historique, c’est pour vous montrer que, contrairement à ce qui a été beaucoup dit dans l’hémicycle, le droit à l’avortement est bel et bien menacé. La contraception l’est également : si, demain, ce droit n’était pas constitutionnalisé, quelqu’un pourrait décider de le retirer, ce qui créerait des problèmes pour nous, les femmes.Contraception et avortement sont deux versants d’une même lutte pour le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps. En Hongrie, l’avortement a été légalisé en 1953 mais, depuis 2022 – cela a déjà été dit à plusieurs reprises mais il faut le répéter –, les femmes sont obligées d’écouter les battements de cœur du fœtus avant de mettre un terme à leur grossesse. La contraception d’urgence, accessible uniquement sur ordonnance, n’est pas remboursée.C’est pourquoi, par cet amendement, nous demandons la constitutionnalisation de la liberté du recours à la contraception. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351774",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351774"
   ],
   "order": 158,
   "text": "Je profite de l’occasion que me donne cet amendement pour saluer votre engagement sur ces questions, notamment dans le cadre de la Délégation aux droits des femmes et à l’égalité des chances entre les hommes et les femmes.Vous avez raison, les deux combats sont étroitement liés, – d’ailleurs, la loi de 1969 sur la contraception avait précédé celle de 1974 sur l’avortement. Cependant ces questions restent distinctes et ne donnent pas lieu aux mêmes menaces. J’entends l’exemple polonais, mais il faut reconnaître que les attaques contre le droit à l’avortement existent dans un grand nombre de pays à travers le monde, en Europe et en France, ce qui justifie notre volonté de le protéger de façon urgente aujourd’hui.Si je vous demande de retirer votre amendement, c’est aussi pour préserver la possibilité d’obtenir un accord avec les collègues sénateurs. Si nous introduisions ce nouveau sujet dans le débat, nous risquerions, selon moi, d’empêcher tout accord.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 158,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351774",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 154,
   "annotation_id": "N8be51c9b894b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je profite de l’occasion que me donne cet amendement pour saluer votre engagement sur ces questions, notamment dans le cadre de la Délégation aux droits des femmes et à l’égalité des chances entre les hommes et les femmes.Vous avez raison, les deux combats sont étroitement liés, – d’ailleurs, la loi de 1969 sur la contraception avait précédé celle de 1974 sur l’avortement. Cependant ces questions restent distinctes et ne donnent pas lieu aux mêmes menaces. J’entends l’exemple polonais, mais il faut reconnaître que les attaques contre le droit à l’avortement existent dans un grand nombre de pays à travers le monde, en Europe et en France, ce qui justifie notre volonté de le protéger de façon urgente aujourd’hui.Si je vous demande de retirer votre amendement, c’est aussi pour préserver la possibilité d’obtenir un accord avec les collègues sénateurs. Si nous introduisions ce nouveau sujet dans le débat, nous risquerions, selon moi, d’empêcher tout accord."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351780",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351780"
   ],
   "order": 164,
   "text": "J’aimerais tout d’abord revenir sur le mot « femme » dont il a été question lors de l’examen des amendements de Mme Panot, il y a quelques instants.Les mots ont-ils encore un sens ? Ou bien on considère que des personnes, quel que soit leur état civil, peuvent être enceintes, ce qui peut arriver, nous le savons ; dans ce cas, employons le mot « personnes ». Ou bien on considère que seules les femmes peuvent être enceintes ; dans ce cas, nous devons nous mettre d’accord sur la définition juridique d’une femme.L’extrait de l’avis du Conseil d’État que vous avez lu – « sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge […] » –, c’est du blabla !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "127 et 155",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 164,
   "amendments": [
    "127 et 155"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351780",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Ne11029a4b056",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’aimerais tout d’abord revenir sur le mot « femme » dont il a été question lors de l’examen des amendements de Mme Panot, il y a quelques instants.Les mots ont-ils encore un sens ? Ou bien on considère que des personnes, quel que soit leur état civil, peuvent être enceintes, ce qui peut arriver, nous le savons ; dans ce cas, employons le mot « personnes ». Ou bien on considère que seules les femmes peuvent être enceintes ; dans ce cas, nous devons nous mettre d’accord sur la définition juridique d’une femme.L’extrait de l’avis du Conseil d’État que vous avez lu – « sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge […] » –, c’est du blabla !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351932",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351932"
   ],
   "order": 168,
   "text": "D’un point de vue juridique, une femme est définie comme telle en fonction de l’état civil, un point c’est tout, à moins que M. le garde des sceaux nous donne une autre définition juridique du mot « femme ».Vous avez choisi d’employer le mot « femme » dans votre rédaction. Dont acte. Allez jusqu’au bout. Un homme, défini comme tel par l’état civil, fût-il transgenre et enceint avant son changement de sexe, ne peut pas avoir accès au droit tel que vous l’avez prévu, puisque vous avez choisi de l’accorder à une « femme ».Si, à présent, vous êtes perméable à l’idéologie woke, libre à vous d’accorder ce droit. Mais quand vous considérez que, en vertu d’un changement de sexe à l’état civil – une mesure que vous avez décidée et que nous avons condamnée –, des hommes peuvent être enceints, nous répondons qu’il n’est pas possible d’employer le mot « femme » car celui-ci répond à une définition bien précise.Vous dites que la définition du mot « femme » n’a rien à voir avec l’état civil. Dans ce cas, donnez-nous la vôtre. J’attends votre réponse, elle me semble importante.J’en viens à l’amendement. Il prévoit que la loi mentionne le respect de l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. J’en profite pour indiquer au rapporteur que nous n’avons jamais utilisé l’expression « droit à la vie à naître » mais bien « protection de la vie à naître ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "127 et 155",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 168,
   "amendments": [
    "127 et 155"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351932",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 247,
   "annotation_id": "N6660916dbaf3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "D’un point de vue juridique, une femme est définie comme telle en fonction de l’état civil, un point c’est tout, à moins que M. le garde des sceaux nous donne une autre définition juridique du mot « femme ».Vous avez choisi d’employer le mot « femme » dans votre rédaction. Dont acte. Allez jusqu’au bout. Un homme, défini comme tel par l’état civil, fût-il transgenre et enceint avant son changement de sexe, ne peut pas avoir accès au droit tel que vous l’avez prévu, puisque vous avez choisi de l’accorder à une « femme ».Si, à présent, vous êtes perméable à l’idéologie woke, libre à vous d’accorder ce droit. Mais quand vous considérez que, en vertu d’un changement de sexe à l’état civil – une mesure que vous avez décidée et que nous avons condamnée –, des hommes peuvent être enceints, nous répondons qu’il n’est pas possible d’employer le mot « femme » car celui-ci répond à une définition bien précise.Vous dites que la définition du mot « femme » n’a rien à voir avec l’état civil. Dans ce cas, donnez-nous la vôtre. J’attends votre réponse, elle me semble importante.J’en viens à l’amendement. Il prévoit que la loi mentionne le respect de l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. J’en profite pour indiquer au rapporteur que nous n’avons jamais utilisé l’expression « droit à la vie à naître » mais bien « protection de la vie à naître »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351788"
   ],
   "order": 174,
   "text": "Vous avez dit tout à l’heure que la protection de la vie à naître ne faisait pas partie du bloc de constitutionnalité. Cela signifie bien que la liberté de la femme l’emportera sur celui du respect de la vie à naître. Par conséquent, ce qui nous attend, c’est une suppression des délais et des clauses de conscience. (Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "127 et 155",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 174,
   "amendments": [
    "127 et 155"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351788",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "Nb3dfc7999209",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez dit tout à l’heure que la protection de la vie à naître ne faisait pas partie du bloc de constitutionnalité. Cela signifie bien que la liberté de la femme l’emportera sur celui du respect de la vie à naître. Par conséquent, ce qui nous attend, c’est une suppression des délais et des clauses de conscience. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351791",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351791"
   ],
   "order": 177,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, nous proposons simplement de compléter la rédaction actuelle de l’article en ajoutant, à l’alinéa 2 : « en respectant un équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître ».Monsieur le ministre et monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez dit, avant la pause de vingt heures, que vous étiez sur cette même ligne et que cela ne vous posait pas de problème. En pareil cas, vous connaissez l’adage : ça va mieux en le disant. La précision peut être utile, surtout en matière juridique. Si vous considérez que l’équilibre que nous évoquons est maintenu, pourquoi refusez-vous cet amendement ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 177,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351791",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N2555854733ab",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, nous proposons simplement de compléter la rédaction actuelle de l’article en ajoutant, à l’alinéa 2 : « en respectant un équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître ».Monsieur le ministre et monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez dit, avant la pause de vingt heures, que vous étiez sur cette même ligne et que cela ne vous posait pas de problème. En pareil cas, vous connaissez l’adage : ça va mieux en le disant. La précision peut être utile, surtout en matière juridique. Si vous considérez que l’équilibre que nous évoquons est maintenu, pourquoi refusez-vous cet amendement ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351794",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351794"
   ],
   "order": 180,
   "text": "Il porte également sur la volonté de concilier les deux principes évoqués par mon collègue.Pour être très honnête, si je devais réécrire cet amendement, je citerais plutôt l’article 16 du code civil – que je hisserais donc ainsi au rang constitutionnel –, qui mentionne notamment « le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie ». Cela aurait du sens. L’article 16 du code civil, qui évoque aussi les atteintes à « la dignité de la personne » mériterait d’avoir rang constitutionnel, tout autant que la question dont nous débattons ce soir.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 180,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351794",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "Na3e78c85bc41",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il porte également sur la volonté de concilier les deux principes évoqués par mon collègue.Pour être très honnête, si je devais réécrire cet amendement, je citerais plutôt l’article 16 du code civil – que je hisserais donc ainsi au rang constitutionnel –, qui mentionne notamment « le respect de l’être humain dès le commencement de sa vie ». Cela aurait du sens. L’article 16 du code civil, qui évoque aussi les atteintes à « la dignité de la personne » mériterait d’avoir rang constitutionnel, tout autant que la question dont nous débattons ce soir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351797",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351797"
   ],
   "order": 183,
   "text": "Nous estimons que le mot « vie » doit figurer dans cette loi constitutionnelle à travers l’expression « protection de la vie à naître ».L’équilibre dont nous parlons a existé dès la loi Veil de 1975. Il a été respecté jusqu’à présent. Je conclus de vos propos que, demain, il ne sera plus respecté de la même façon. Ou alors, si vous êtes d’accord avec nous, acceptez nos amendements. C’est aussi simple que cela.Nous aurons ici différents débats au sujet de la vie. D’ailleurs, de façon étonnante, nous aurons étudié, au cours de cette même année, des textes qui portent sur les deux extrémités de l’existence : la conception et la mort.Objectivement, nous sommes des militants de la vie car nous considérons que la vie doit l’emporter. Il n’empêche que la liberté de la femme doit aussi être respectée, c’est pourquoi nous militons en faveur d’un équilibre. Celui-ci doit s’exprimer de façon explicite, d’où cet amendement. Si vous êtes d’accord – comme vous semblez nous le dire –, ajoutez cette phrase, comme nous vous le demandons.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 183,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351797",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 176,
   "annotation_id": "Nc4d6861790a7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous estimons que le mot « vie » doit figurer dans cette loi constitutionnelle à travers l’expression « protection de la vie à naître ».L’équilibre dont nous parlons a existé dès la loi Veil de 1975. Il a été respecté jusqu’à présent. Je conclus de vos propos que, demain, il ne sera plus respecté de la même façon. Ou alors, si vous êtes d’accord avec nous, acceptez nos amendements. C’est aussi simple que cela.Nous aurons ici différents débats au sujet de la vie. D’ailleurs, de façon étonnante, nous aurons étudié, au cours de cette même année, des textes qui portent sur les deux extrémités de l’existence : la conception et la mort.Objectivement, nous sommes des militants de la vie car nous considérons que la vie doit l’emporter. Il n’empêche que la liberté de la femme doit aussi être respectée, c’est pourquoi nous militons en faveur d’un équilibre. Celui-ci doit s’exprimer de façon explicite, d’où cet amendement. Si vous êtes d’accord – comme vous semblez nous le dire –, ajoutez cette phrase, comme nous vous le demandons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351802",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351802"
   ],
   "order": 188,
   "text": "Monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous avez fait référence à des décisions du Conseil constitutionnel de 1994 et de 2001. Mais celles-ci avaient été prises dans l’état de la Constitution actuelle. Dès lors que vous la modifiez, la pondération des principes par le Conseil sera différente.Vous avez décidé d’élever la liberté de la femme au rang constitutionnel. Or nous avons bien entendu tout à l’heure M. le rapporteur dire que la protection de la vie à naître ne faisait pas partie du bloc de constitutionnalité. Il y aura donc bien une supériorité du principe de liberté de la femme.Lorsque nous tenons ces propos, nous ne faisons pas de l’obstruction, nous vous posons de vraies questions. Nous attendons donc vos réponses. D’une part, quelle est votre définition de la femme ? D’autre part, comment envisagez-vous l’articulation entre, d’un côté, la liberté de la femme et, de l’autre, la protection de la vie à naître ? Cela pose un problème de hiérarchie des normes : ou bien il y aura un déséquilibre entre les deux principes, ou bien ce ne sera pas le cas – comme vous semblez l’exprimer par des signes de la tête, mais il serait important que vous le disiez – et alors ces deux principes seront considérés à égalité, ce qui serait une bonne nouvelle et prouverait donc l’utilité de nos débats. (Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 188,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351802",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 228,
   "annotation_id": "N4c60c23b3f4b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous avez fait référence à des décisions du Conseil constitutionnel de 1994 et de 2001. Mais celles-ci avaient été prises dans l’état de la Constitution actuelle. Dès lors que vous la modifiez, la pondération des principes par le Conseil sera différente.Vous avez décidé d’élever la liberté de la femme au rang constitutionnel. Or nous avons bien entendu tout à l’heure M. le rapporteur dire que la protection de la vie à naître ne faisait pas partie du bloc de constitutionnalité. Il y aura donc bien une supériorité du principe de liberté de la femme.Lorsque nous tenons ces propos, nous ne faisons pas de l’obstruction, nous vous posons de vraies questions. Nous attendons donc vos réponses. D’une part, quelle est votre définition de la femme ? D’autre part, comment envisagez-vous l’articulation entre, d’un côté, la liberté de la femme et, de l’autre, la protection de la vie à naître ? Cela pose un problème de hiérarchie des normes : ou bien il y aura un déséquilibre entre les deux principes, ou bien ce ne sera pas le cas – comme vous semblez l’exprimer par des signes de la tête, mais il serait important que vous le disiez – et alors ces deux principes seront considérés à égalité, ce qui serait une bonne nouvelle et prouverait donc l’utilité de nos débats. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351806",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351806"
   ],
   "order": 192,
   "text": "Xavier Breton a dit l’essentiel. Nous souhaitons maintenir l’équilibre qui existe, peu ou prou, depuis la loi de 1975. Si notre amendement n’est pas adopté, cet équilibre sera rompu. À un moment, il faut que les choses soient dites.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 192,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351806",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N83229f9342eb",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "[PERSONNE] a dit l’essentiel. Nous souhaitons maintenir l’équilibre qui existe, peu ou prou, depuis la loi de 1975. Si notre amendement n’est pas adopté, cet équilibre sera rompu. À un moment, il faut que les choses soient dites."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351808",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351808"
   ],
   "order": 194,
   "text": "Il a déjà été donné à plusieurs reprises avant le dîner. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.) M. Hetzel lui-même a rappelé la ligne que le garde des sceaux et moi-même avions défendue tout à l’heure : elle n’a pas évolué depuis le dîner. Il n’y a pas de rupture d’équilibre entre les différents principes reconnus par la Constitution – je parle bien uniquement de ceux-là. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 194,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351808",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N181e80b82ed3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il a déjà été donné à plusieurs reprises avant le dîner. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.) M. Hetzel lui-même a rappelé la ligne que le garde des sceaux et moi-même avions défendue tout à l’heure : elle n’a pas évolué depuis le dîner. Il n’y a pas de rupture d’équilibre entre les différents principes reconnus par la Constitution – je parle bien uniquement de ceux-là. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352063",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352063"
   ],
   "order": 196,
   "text": "Je suis évidemment défavorable à cette série d’amendements, mais je veux répondre à la question précise que m’ont posée Mme la députée Blin et Mme la députée Bonnivard : une jeune femme qui souhaiterait avorter au-delà de quatorze semaines de grossesse pourrait-elle se prévaloir du fait que la liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG est dorénavant garantie pour avorter coûte que coûte, en dehors des délais légaux ? La réponse est très claire : c’est non. La révision dont nous débattons ne permet pas d’allonger de facto le délai légal. Le Conseil d’État a précisé dans son avis qu’elle n’imposait pas de modifier les textes en vigueur.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 196,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352063",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N2720f57bc582",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis évidemment défavorable à cette série d’amendements, mais je veux répondre à la question précise que m’ont posée Mme la députée Blin et Mme la députée Bonnivard : une jeune femme qui souhaiterait avorter au-delà de quatorze semaines de grossesse pourrait-elle se prévaloir du fait que la liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG est dorénavant garantie pour avorter coûte que coûte, en dehors des délais légaux ? La réponse est très claire : c’est non. La révision dont nous débattons ne permet pas d’allonger de facto le délai légal. Le Conseil d’État a précisé dans son avis qu’elle n’imposait pas de modifier les textes en vigueur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352065",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352065"
   ],
   "order": 198,
   "text": "Madame Blin, je vous renvoie, pour la quinzième fois au moins, à l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui est très clair. Vous avez une préoccupation que j’estime légitime et je prends logiquement la peine vous répondre. En effet, votre crainte, c’est qu’une gamine de 15 ans se prévale d’une liberté constitutionnellement garantie pour avorter au-delà des délais fixés par la loi, mais les choses sont extrêmement claires : je redis que la révision dont nous débattons empêchera toute évolution législative qui porterait atteinte à la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, pas plus et pas moins. Je ne sais pas comment je peux vous le dire autrement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 198,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352065",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 105,
   "annotation_id": "Nc662608ab0e1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Blin, je vous renvoie, pour la quinzième fois au moins, à l’avis du Conseil d’État, qui est très clair. Vous avez une préoccupation que j’estime légitime et je prends logiquement la peine vous répondre. En effet, votre crainte, c’est qu’une gamine de 15 ans se prévale d’une liberté constitutionnellement garantie pour avorter au-delà des délais fixés par la loi, mais les choses sont extrêmement claires : je redis que la révision dont nous débattons empêchera toute évolution législative qui porterait atteinte à la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, pas plus et pas moins. Je ne sais pas comment je peux vous le dire autrement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA606098",
   "speaker": "Olivier Marleix",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Marleix",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352069",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352069"
   ],
   "order": 202,
   "text": "Notre question, monsieur le garde des sceaux, est plus précise que votre réponse. Vous demandez si un jour le législateur pourrait décider d’aller au-delà des quatorze semaines, voire bien au-delà. Ce n’est pas une question anodine, et elle se pose d’autant plus que nous sommes déjà passés d’un délai de dix semaines à un délai de douze semaines, puis, actuellement, de quatorze semaines. Je rappelle que le législateur a déjà supprimé tout délai en cas d’interruption médicale de grossesse.Il y a un principe de valeur constitutionnelle que vous-même et le Conseil d’État avez d’ailleurs rappelé : le principe de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation. Pour le Conseil constitutionnel, le respect de la vie de l’enfant à naître en est-il pour autant assuré ? Si la réponse est non, cela veut dire de toute façon que vous créez un déséquilibre entre la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, qui aura une valeur explicitement constitutionnelle et protégée à ce titre, et le respect de la vie de l’enfant à naître qui en demeurera dépourvu.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 202,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352069",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 179,
   "annotation_id": "Nc8246acf7d2e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Notre question, monsieur le garde des sceaux, est plus précise que votre réponse. Vous demandez si un jour le législateur pourrait décider d’aller au-delà des quatorze semaines, voire bien au-delà. Ce n’est pas une question anodine, et elle se pose d’autant plus que nous sommes déjà passés d’un délai de dix semaines à un délai de douze semaines, puis, actuellement, de quatorze semaines. Je rappelle que le législateur a déjà supprimé tout délai en cas d’interruption médicale de grossesse.Il y a un principe de valeur constitutionnelle que vous-même et le Conseil d’État avez d’ailleurs rappelé : le principe de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation. Pour le Conseil constitutionnel, le respect de la vie de l’enfant à naître en est-il pour autant assuré ? Si la réponse est non, cela veut dire de toute façon que vous créez un déséquilibre entre la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, qui aura une valeur explicitement constitutionnelle et protégée à ce titre, et le respect de la vie de l’enfant à naître qui en demeurera dépourvu."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352074",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352074"
   ],
   "order": 206,
   "text": "Monsieur le président Marleix, la précision de la rédaction évite de créer une contradiction entre ces différents principes. À l’alinéa 12 de son avis, le Conseil d’État « considère que cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites, et dans le respect des principes mentionnés au point 8, sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel. Il souligne que la disposition examinée n’impose aucune modification des dispositions législatives existantes. » En d’autres termes, dans le cas, qui vous préoccupe, d’une loi qui, demain, tendrait à allonger les délais légaux de recours à l’avortement, le juge constitutionnel aurait à se prononcer, comme il l’a déjà fait par le passé, sur sa validité, en prenant comme critère l’équilibre entre, d’une part, la liberté de la femme, telle qu’évoquée à l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et, d’autre part, le respect de la dignité humaine.L’avis du Conseil d’État joint à la rédaction précise, concise et claire de l’alinéa 2 doit éclairer le débat et permettre de lever les inquiétudes, entendables jusqu’alors, sur le risque d’une rupture d’équilibre entre ces deux principes. À défaut de retrait, l’avis serait défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 206,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352074",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 212,
   "annotation_id": "N580d95dbbe1f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président Marleix, la précision de la rédaction évite de créer une contradiction entre ces différents principes. À l’alinéa 12 de son avis, le Conseil d’État « considère que cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites, et dans le respect des principes mentionnés au point 8, sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel. Il souligne que la disposition examinée n’impose aucune modification des dispositions législatives existantes. » En d’autres termes, dans le cas, qui vous préoccupe, d’une loi qui, demain, tendrait à allonger les délais légaux de recours à l’avortement, le juge constitutionnel aurait à se prononcer, comme il l’a déjà fait par le passé, sur sa validité, en prenant comme critère l’équilibre entre, d’une part, la liberté de la femme, telle qu’évoquée à l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, et, d’autre part, le respect de la dignité humaine.L’avis du Conseil d’État joint à la rédaction précise, concise et claire de l’alinéa 2 doit éclairer le débat et permettre de lever les inquiétudes, entendables jusqu’alors, sur le risque d’une rupture d’équilibre entre ces deux principes. À défaut de retrait, l’avis serait défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352079",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352079"
   ],
   "order": 212,
   "text": "Nous abordons ici la question des délais, et elle n’a rien de théorique. Je rappelle qu’il y en a, dans ce pays, qui militent pour la suppression des délais et qu’ils sont très proches de vous : j’ai entendu les compliments que vous faisiez au Planning familial, en vous prosternant devant lui. Mais, à voir son plan stratégique 2023-2025, il me semble que si le Planning familial est normalement le bras armé du Gouvernement, les rôles s’inversent pour lui permettre dorénavant de faire passer son idéologie. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 212,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352079",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N4643a4596ff6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous abordons ici la question des délais, et elle n’a rien de théorique. Je rappelle qu’il y en a, dans ce pays, qui militent pour la suppression des délais et qu’ils sont très proches de vous : j’ai entendu les compliments que vous faisiez au Planning familial, en vous prosternant devant lui. Mais, à voir son plan stratégique 2023-2025, il me semble que si le Planning familial est normalement le bras armé du Gouvernement, les rôles s’inversent pour lui permettre dorénavant de faire passer son idéologie. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352183",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352183"
   ],
   "order": 214,
   "text": "En effet, le Planning familial s’engage à « défendre la suppression totale du délai de recours à l’IVG » et à « lutter pour l’allongement des délais d’IVG ». Je note que l’IMG n’est certes pas soumise à des conditions de délai, mais qu’elle ne peut s’appliquer que sous conditions médicales. Or, pour le Planning familial, seule la personne enceinte a le droit de décider pour son corps et devrait donc avoir le droit, si elle le souhaite, de mettre fin à une grossesse non désirée. Êtes-vous d’accord avec ces positions ? Je vous le demande parce que vous semblez à la remorque du Planning familial sur toutes ces questions. Ou bien est-ce que vous prenez l’engagement de ne jamais aller dans le sens d’un allongement du délai de l’IVG ?On avait déjà eu droit au critère de la détresse psychosociale – notion confuse – pour justifier cet allongement, lequel a, heureusement été supprimé par le Sénat. Il y en a qui ne veulent aucune limite à l’avortement et je respecte la cohérence de leur choix car eux, au moins, ne sont pas hypocrites !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 214,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352183",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 185,
   "annotation_id": "N2aca187b5ae7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En effet, le Planning familial s’engage à « défendre la suppression totale du délai de recours à l’IVG » et à « lutter pour l’allongement des délais d’IVG ». Je note que l’IMG n’est certes pas soumise à des conditions de délai, mais qu’elle ne peut s’appliquer que sous conditions médicales. Or, pour le Planning familial, seule la personne enceinte a le droit de décider pour son corps et devrait donc avoir le droit, si elle le souhaite, de mettre fin à une grossesse non désirée. Êtes-vous d’accord avec ces positions ? Je vous le demande parce que vous semblez à la remorque du Planning familial sur toutes ces questions. Ou bien est-ce que vous prenez l’engagement de ne jamais aller dans le sens d’un allongement du délai de l’IVG ?On avait déjà eu droit au critère de la détresse psychosociale – notion confuse – pour justifier cet allongement, lequel a, heureusement été supprimé par le Sénat. Il y en a qui ne veulent aucune limite à l’avortement et je respecte la cohérence de leur choix car eux, au moins, ne sont pas hypocrites !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352087",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352087"
   ],
   "order": 223,
   "text": "Nous avons tous pu constater que ce délai a évolué : à l’époque de la loi Veil, qui doit guider nos pas malgré tout, il était de dix semaines, puis on est passé à douze semaines en 2001,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 223,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352087",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "Ne92b09f3dad9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons tous pu constater que ce délai a évolué : à l’époque de la loi Veil, qui doit guider nos pas malgré tout, il était de dix semaines, puis on est passé à douze semaines en 2001,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352089",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352089"
   ],
   "order": 226,
   "text": "…puis, en 2022, à quatorze semaines, et je m’y étais opposé – avec d’autres – parce que l’on changeait ainsi la nature du dispositif. Mais ma crainte, c’est que, la prochaine fois, le délai se situe au-delà – je sais que certains d’entre vous militent en ce sens, Xavier Breton l’a évoqué.Que dit le professeur Nisand, chef du service de gynécologie-obstétrique du CHU – centre hospitalier universitaire – de Strasbourg ? À douze semaines, un fœtus mesure huit centimètres et demi (Protestations sur divers bancs), à quatorze semaines, il mesure douze centimètres (Mêmes mouvements) et sa tête est déjà ossifiée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 226,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352089",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N7df11608b8c3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…puis, en 2022, à quatorze semaines, et je m’y étais opposé – avec d’autres – parce que l’on changeait ainsi la nature du dispositif. Mais ma crainte, c’est que, la prochaine fois, le délai se situe au-delà – je sais que certains d’entre vous militent en ce sens, [PERSONNE] l’a évoqué.Que dit le professeur Nisand, chef du service de gynécologie-obstétrique du CHU – centre hospitalier universitaire – de Strasbourg ? À douze semaines, un fœtus mesure huit centimètres et demi (Protestations sur divers bancs), à quatorze semaines, il mesure douze centimètres (Mêmes mouvements) et sa tête est déjà ossifiée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352091",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352091"
   ],
   "order": 230,
   "text": "C’est une réalité, que cela vous plaise ou non. Et cela veut dire qu’il faut alors couper le fœtus en morceaux et écraser sa tête pour pouvoir le sortir du corps de sa mère. On peut donc comprendre que ce soit assez difficile à réaliser pour beaucoup de professionnels, qui, d’ailleurs, refusent très clairement de pratiquer des avortements après les douze premières semaines. La nature de l’enfant à naître change très vite – son corps se constitue, son sexe apparaît et on sait s’il s’agit d’un fœtus féminin ou masculin –, et cela pose de multiples autres problèmes. (Mêmes mouvements.)Pour toutes ces raisons, nous considérons que la question des délais est majeure. Autant on peut concevoir une constitutionnalisation de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, autant il faut alors que la question des délais soit prise en compte pour que le législateur ait la possibilité de les modifier, y compris dans un sens qui nous semble plus raisonnable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 230,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352091",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 156,
   "annotation_id": "N8674e87265f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une réalité, que cela vous plaise ou non. Et cela veut dire qu’il faut alors couper le fœtus en morceaux et écraser sa tête pour pouvoir le sortir du corps de sa mère. On peut donc comprendre que ce soit assez difficile à réaliser pour beaucoup de professionnels, qui, d’ailleurs, refusent très clairement de pratiquer des avortements après les douze premières semaines. La nature de l’enfant à naître change très vite – son corps se constitue, son sexe apparaît et on sait s’il s’agit d’un fœtus féminin ou masculin –, et cela pose de multiples autres problèmes. (Mêmes mouvements.)Pour toutes ces raisons, nous considérons que la question des délais est majeure. Autant on peut concevoir une constitutionnalisation de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, autant il faut alors que la question des délais soit prise en compte pour que le législateur ait la possibilité de les modifier, y compris dans un sens qui nous semble plus raisonnable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352096",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352096"
   ],
   "order": 235,
   "text": "Continuons à voir ce que sont les préconisations du Planning familial dans son plan stratégique. Il y a une pensée unique qui interdit de le mettre en cause, mais je m’y oppose ! Et je souhaiterais que vous soyez aussi clairs que moi sur votre position, mes chers collègues. Pour ma part, je suis contre la suppression de tout délai pour l’IVG et je m’oppose aussi à ce que « le Planning familial s’engage à lutter contre la stigmatisation de l’avortement, notamment à travers la demande de la suppression de la double clause de conscience ». Dites que vous êtes d’accord ou non, mais soyez clairs ! On voit bien que vous êtes vraiment à sa disposition, que vous êtes les larbins du Planning familial pour mettre en œuvre son idéologie. (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes RE et LFI-NUPES.) Sinon, réagissez un petit peu ! Dites-nous que vous êtes contre la suppression de la double clause de conscience !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 235,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352096",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 160,
   "annotation_id": "N3ae407ef8231",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Continuons à voir ce que sont les préconisations du Planning familial dans son plan stratégique. Il y a une pensée unique qui interdit de le mettre en cause, mais je m’y oppose ! Et je souhaiterais que vous soyez aussi clairs que moi sur votre position, mes chers collègues. Pour ma part, je suis contre la suppression de tout délai pour l’IVG et je m’oppose aussi à ce que « le Planning familial s’engage à lutter contre la stigmatisation de l’avortement, notamment à travers la demande de la suppression de la double clause de conscience ». Dites que vous êtes d’accord ou non, mais soyez clairs ! On voit bien que vous êtes vraiment à sa disposition, que vous êtes les larbins du Planning familial pour mettre en œuvre son idéologie. (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes RE et [GROUPE].) Sinon, réagissez un petit peu ! Dites-nous que vous êtes contre la suppression de la double clause de conscience !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352098",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352098"
   ],
   "order": 237,
   "text": "Au titre de votre tutelle sur le Planning familial, demandez-lui qu’il renonce à ses propositions inadmissibles ! L’avortement jusqu’à neuf mois et inconditionnel est inadmissible dans notre pays. Mais que ceux qui défendent ces propositions au nom de leur propre cohérence le disent aussi. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 237,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352098",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N7cc080910f07",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au titre de votre tutelle sur le Planning familial, demandez-lui qu’il renonce à ses propositions inadmissibles ! L’avortement jusqu’à neuf mois et inconditionnel est inadmissible dans notre pays. Mais que ceux qui défendent ces propositions au nom de leur propre cohérence le disent aussi. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352101",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352101"
   ],
   "order": 240,
   "text": "Avis défavorable, parce que ces amendements proposent de toucher au cadre législatif, alors que cette révision n’implique aucune modification de la loi.Mais je tiens à répondre aux propos tenus notamment par notre collègue Xavier Breton qui a commis des attaques directes contre une association qui agit de manière indépendante, à savoir le Planning familial. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.) Et nous sommes nombreux à saluer son action et à contrer les attaques que subissent ses militantes qui défendent les droits des femmes.Nous agissons, nous aussi, de manière indépendante, et il nous arrive d’avoir des oppositions de fond avec cette association, y compris sur les points que vous avez cités.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 240,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352101",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "N60624805f0b3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable, parce que ces amendements proposent de toucher au cadre législatif, alors que cette révision n’implique aucune modification de la loi.Mais je tiens à répondre aux propos tenus notamment par notre collègue [PERSONNE] qui a commis des attaques directes contre une association qui agit de manière indépendante, à savoir le Planning familial. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.) Et nous sommes nombreux à saluer son action et à contrer les attaques que subissent ses militantes qui défendent les droits des femmes.Nous agissons, nous aussi, de manière indépendante, et il nous arrive d’avoir des oppositions de fond avec cette association, y compris sur les points que vous avez cités."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352105",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352105"
   ],
   "order": 244,
   "text": "Vous allez bien l’entendre. Je n’ai pas vu, depuis le début de cette législature, le moindre amendement demandant un allongement des délais – j’en prends à témoin tous mes collègues. J’ai bien dit pas un ! En revanche, j’ai vu en commission des amendements proposant la réduction des délais et même demandant le déremboursement de l’IVG ou encore la remise en place des délais de réflexion, ou bien s’attaquant au délit d’entrave, monsieur Breton ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.) Des amendements qui pilonnent l’accès à l’avortement ! C’est la seule réalité des amendements que nous examinons sur ce texte.Les partisans de ce texte n’ont pas l’intention de modifier le cadre législatif mais appellent à son application, tel qu’il a été défini par notre assemblée à la fin de la dernière législature et tel que nous entendons le protéger aujourd’hui.Aussi, je vous le dis avec tout le respect que je vous dois : un peu de sérieux ! (Mme Jacqueline Maquet applaudit.) Vous prétendez que certains proposent d’allonger les délais, alors que ce sont vos amendements qui proposent de les réduire. Avis profondément défavorable. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem, HOR, LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 244,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352105",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 214,
   "annotation_id": "Nec0457de69e7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous allez bien l’entendre. Je n’ai pas vu, depuis le début de cette législature, le moindre amendement demandant un allongement des délais – j’en prends à témoin tous mes collègues. J’ai bien dit pas un ! En revanche, j’ai vu en commission des amendements proposant la réduction des délais et même demandant le déremboursement de l’IVG ou encore la remise en place des délais de réflexion, ou bien s’attaquant au délit d’entrave, monsieur Breton ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.) Des amendements qui pilonnent l’accès à l’avortement ! C’est la seule réalité des amendements que nous examinons sur ce texte.Les partisans de ce texte n’ont pas l’intention de modifier le cadre législatif mais appellent à son application, tel qu’il a été défini par notre assemblée à la fin de la dernière législature et tel que nous entendons le protéger aujourd’hui.Aussi, je vous le dis avec tout le respect que je vous dois : un peu de sérieux ! (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Vous prétendez que certains proposent d’allonger les délais, alors que ce sont vos amendements qui proposent de les réduire. Avis profondément défavorable. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, Dem, HOR, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794106",
   "speaker": "Andrée Taurinya",
   "quality": "Mme Andrée Taurinya",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352110",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352110"
   ],
   "order": 250,
   "text": "Je dois vous dire que je suis extrêmement choquée par tout ce que je viens d’entendre (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Mme Jacqueline Maquet applaudit également), et surtout par vos ricanements, alors que vous insultez les femmes et, à l’instant, des associations qui œuvrent souvent bénévolement pour le droit et la liberté des femmes (Mêmes mouvements), pour leur droit d’être maîtresses de leur corps.Vous avez fait la description des vies à naître et vous nous avez interpellés en faisant un amalgame avec l’immigration.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 250,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352110",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "N36edf3eda8ee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je dois vous dire que je suis extrêmement choquée par tout ce que je viens d’entendre (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également), et surtout par vos ricanements, alors que vous insultez les femmes et, à l’instant, des associations qui œuvrent souvent bénévolement pour le droit et la liberté des femmes (Mêmes mouvements), pour leur droit d’être maîtresses de leur corps.Vous avez fait la description des vies à naître et vous nous avez interpellés en faisant un amalgame avec l’immigration."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794106",
   "speaker": "Andrée Taurinya",
   "quality": "Mme Andrée Taurinya",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352345",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352345"
   ],
   "order": 253,
   "text": "Laissez-moi vous dire que vous vous intéressez peut-être au fœtus, mais jamais aux enfants qui meurent dans la Méditerranée, ni à ceux qui meurent à Gaza. C’est scandaleux ! Vous êtes le symbole de l’inhumanité ! (« Bravo ! » sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES, dont les députés se lèvent et applaudissent vivement. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 253,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352345",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N0f133372badb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Laissez-moi vous dire que vous vous intéressez peut-être au fœtus, mais jamais aux enfants qui meurent dans la Méditerranée, ni à ceux qui meurent à Gaza. C’est scandaleux ! Vous êtes le symbole de l’inhumanité ! (« Bravo ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont les députés se lèvent et applaudissent vivement. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352351",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352351"
   ],
   "order": 260,
   "text": "Comme un très grand nombre de mes collègues du groupe Les Républicains, je suis favorable à l’inscription de cette liberté dans la Constitution. Je ne suis pas favorable aux amendements de mes collègues visant à revenir sur la loi que nous avons adoptée ici – que l’on soit d’accord ou non avec celle-ci –, parce qu’il ne me semble pas nécessaire de refaire un débat que nous avons déjà eu.En revanche, le garde des sceaux a tenu à la tribune des propos qui m’ont rassurée quant au respect de l’enfant à naître et de la vie, et à la conciliation des deux droits fondamentaux en cause. J’aimerais qu’il les réitère.Et, chers collègues d’en face, je suis opposée à cet autre extrémisme, qu’on ne peut pas nier… (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Attention, je ne dis pas que vous le représentez, je dis simplement que certaines forces, dans la société, estiment – ce qui, philosophiquement, s’explique – que le droit de la femme à disposer de son corps est absolu…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 260,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352351",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 171,
   "annotation_id": "N2201f855c733",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comme un très grand nombre de mes collègues du groupe [GROUPE], je suis favorable à l’inscription de cette liberté dans la Constitution. Je ne suis pas favorable aux amendements de mes collègues visant à revenir sur la loi que nous avons adoptée ici – que l’on soit d’accord ou non avec celle-ci –, parce qu’il ne me semble pas nécessaire de refaire un débat que nous avons déjà eu.En revanche, le garde des sceaux a tenu à la tribune des propos qui m’ont rassurée quant au respect de l’enfant à naître et de la vie, et à la conciliation des deux droits fondamentaux en cause. J’aimerais qu’il les réitère.Et, chers collègues d’en face, je suis opposée à cet autre extrémisme, qu’on ne peut pas nier… (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Attention, je ne dis pas que vous le représentez, je dis simplement que certaines forces, dans la société, estiment – ce qui, philosophiquement, s’explique – que le droit de la femme à disposer de son corps est absolu…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352357",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352357"
   ],
   "order": 266,
   "text": "Laissez-moi finir ! On parle là des principes, et c’est important.Le problème, c’est que ce droit absolu – que, d’un point de vue philosophique, je le répète, je peux comprendre – que vous estimez découler du droit à disposer de son corps est limité par les principes constitutionnels que sont l’obligation de ne pas nuire à autrui, le respect de la vie dès son commencement et le respect de la vie humaine.Il existe donc des forces extrémistes des deux côtés – vous ne pouvez pas le nier. Nous avons besoin d’être rassurés concernant les intentions de l’autre côté de l’hémicycle et d’éviter les arguties afin que les extrémistes des deux côtés ne se nourrissent pas mutuellement et ne s’envoient pas d’invectives.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 266,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352357",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "Nad4d72373267",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Laissez-moi finir ! On parle là des principes, et c’est important.Le problème, c’est que ce droit absolu – que, d’un point de vue philosophique, je le répète, je peux comprendre – que vous estimez découler du droit à disposer de son corps est limité par les principes constitutionnels que sont l’obligation de ne pas nuire à autrui, le respect de la vie dès son commencement et le respect de la vie humaine.Il existe donc des forces extrémistes des deux côtés – vous ne pouvez pas le nier. Nous avons besoin d’être rassurés concernant les intentions de l’autre côté de l’hémicycle et d’éviter les arguties afin que les extrémistes des deux côtés ne se nourrissent pas mutuellement et ne s’envoient pas d’invectives."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352365",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352365"
   ],
   "order": 272,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, chers collègues, les amendements que nous déposons – ne vous en déplaise – visent à revenir à la loi Veil ! Vous voulez aller au-delà, dont acte, mais nous, nous demandons simplement le retour à cette loi dont on vient de fêter le cinquantenaire.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 272,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352365",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "N73f795afbbe5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, chers collègues, les amendements que nous déposons – ne vous en déplaise – visent à revenir à la loi Veil ! Vous voulez aller au-delà, dont acte, mais nous, nous demandons simplement le retour à cette loi dont on vient de fêter le cinquantenaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352367",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352367"
   ],
   "order": 274,
   "text": "Il n’y a pas de sens de l’histoire – et il serait inquiétant que l’on considère que, quel que soit le sujet, il existe une sorte de marche du progrès. Cela vous conduirait à être incapables de condamner ce que demande le Planning familial,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 274,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352367",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N379d96d048f2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’y a pas de sens de l’histoire – et il serait inquiétant que l’on considère que, quel que soit le sujet, il existe une sorte de marche du progrès. Cela vous conduirait à être incapables de condamner ce que demande le Planning familial,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352369",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352369"
   ],
   "order": 276,
   "text": "…à savoir la suppression des délais pour l’IVG et la possibilité d’interrompre une grossesse au huitième mois (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES) – ce avec quoi les bancs d’en face sont d’accord.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 276,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352369",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N7756f2dae348",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…à savoir la suppression des délais pour l’IVG et la possibilité d’interrompre une grossesse au huitième mois (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) – ce avec quoi les bancs d’en face sont d’accord."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352371",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352371"
   ],
   "order": 278,
   "text": "Au lieu de grands blabla avec des trémolos sur le rôle des associations, j’attends de vous, monsieur le garde des sceaux, que vous nous indiquiez si vous êtes d’accord avec cela. Ils veulent supprimer la double clause de conscience. En êtes-vous d’accord, oui ou non ?Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez effectué des auditions, mais j’ai l’impression qu’elles ont été un peu unilatérales.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 278,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352371",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N7534f91b63a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au lieu de grands blabla avec des trémolos sur le rôle des associations, j’attends de vous, monsieur le garde des sceaux, que vous nous indiquiez si vous êtes d’accord avec cela. Ils veulent supprimer la double clause de conscience. En êtes-vous d’accord, oui ou non ?Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez effectué des auditions, mais j’ai l’impression qu’elles ont été un peu unilatérales."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352438",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352438"
   ],
   "order": 281,
   "text": "Quel juriste, quelle association a émis des réserves sur le texte ? Dites-le ! Tous sont allés dans le même sens. Pourquoi ? Parce qu’il y avait un a priori idéologique. Vous étiez là pour répondre à une commande passée par le Planning familial et par les militants de l’avortement inconditionnel. Nous nous y opposons. Je pensais que la majorité relative s’y opposait aussi, mais je vois que vous êtes complices.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 281,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352438",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 71,
   "annotation_id": "Ncfedb2462426",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quel juriste, quelle association a émis des réserves sur le texte ? Dites-le ! Tous sont allés dans le même sens. Pourquoi ? Parce qu’il y avait un a priori idéologique. Vous étiez là pour répondre à une commande passée par le Planning familial et par les militants de l’avortement inconditionnel. Nous nous y opposons. Je pensais que la majorité relative s’y opposait aussi, mais je vois que vous êtes complices."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352374"
   ],
   "order": 283,
   "text": "Xavier Breton l’a dit à sa façon : nous considérons que la loi Veil avait une logique et qu’elle était équilibrée. Il s’agissait de donner un droit pour éviter des drames, tout en prévoyant un certain nombre de garanties. L’idée était d’allier la liberté de la femme et la protection de l’enfant à naître.Or ce que vous voulez constitutionnaliser aujourd’hui, chers collègues, c’est non pas la loi Veil, mais l’ensemble des dispositifs juridiques introduits entre-temps,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 283,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352374",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "Nff83fab788e7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "[PERSONNE] l’a dit à sa façon : nous considérons que la loi Veil avait une logique et qu’elle était équilibrée. Il s’agissait de donner un droit pour éviter des drames, tout en prévoyant un certain nombre de garanties. L’idée était d’allier la liberté de la femme et la protection de l’enfant à naître.Or ce que vous voulez constitutionnaliser aujourd’hui, chers collègues, c’est non pas la loi Veil, mais l’ensemble des dispositifs juridiques introduits entre-temps,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352381",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352381"
   ],
   "order": 290,
   "text": "Mais le législateur de demain, nous n’avons pas à le brider ! Ayons confiance dans le peuple et dans ses élus ! Il conviendra qu’il tienne compte à la fois des circonstances, de l’histoire, de l’évolution des préoccupations et des demandes sociales, ainsi que de tout nouvel élément objectif. Par exemple, on en saura de plus en plus sur le fœtus, et des risques d’eugénisme existeront très certainement si l’on maintient les délais actuels.Constitutionnaliser la loi Veil, pourquoi pas si c’est nécessaire, mais pas ce qui a été ajouté depuis.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 290,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352381",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "N30dbcd40e41a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mais le législateur de demain, nous n’avons pas à le brider ! Ayons confiance dans le peuple et dans ses élus ! Il conviendra qu’il tienne compte à la fois des circonstances, de l’histoire, de l’évolution des préoccupations et des demandes sociales, ainsi que de tout nouvel élément objectif. Par exemple, on en saura de plus en plus sur le fœtus, et des risques d’eugénisme existeront très certainement si l’on maintient les délais actuels.Constitutionnaliser la loi Veil, pourquoi pas si c’est nécessaire, mais pas ce qui a été ajouté depuis."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352386"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "…c’est qu’on attend toujours votre réponse sur le sens du mot « femme ».Si j’ai bien suivi, du fait de votre législation sur le changement de sexe dans l’état civil, cela ne concernera pas que des femmes. Alors, assumez-le, et reconnaissez que des hommes enceints pourront demander à avorter ! On peut même voir dans le métro des affiches sur le sujet !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 295,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352386",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "N3a5048ba9974",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…c’est qu’on attend toujours votre réponse sur le sens du mot « femme ».Si j’ai bien suivi, du fait de votre législation sur le changement de sexe dans l’état civil, cela ne concernera pas que des femmes. Alors, assumez-le, et reconnaissez que des hommes enceints pourront demander à avorter ! On peut même voir dans le métro des affiches sur le sujet !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352390",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352390"
   ],
   "order": 300,
   "text": "Le problème, c’est que vous n’osez pas le dire. Vous êtes à la dérive, il n’y a plus de repères. Au moins, à la NUPES, ils sont cohérents, ils ont des convictions, les choses sont claires. Le Planning familial affiche ses revendications, il a un plan. Alors que vous, vous suivez sans oser le dire.Je répète donc ma question. Que doit-on entendre par « femme » ? S’agit-il de toutes les femmes, rien que les femmes ? Apparemment, non : cela concernerait également celles qui ne le sont plus, etc. Quelle est la définition juridique du terme ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 300,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352390",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 98,
   "annotation_id": "Nff3a9ad46aad",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le problème, c’est que vous n’osez pas le dire. Vous êtes à la dérive, il n’y a plus de repères. Au moins, à la [GROUPE], ils sont cohérents, ils ont des convictions, les choses sont claires. Le Planning familial affiche ses revendications, il a un plan. Alors que vous, vous suivez sans oser le dire.Je répète donc ma question. Que doit-on entendre par « femme » ? S’agit-il de toutes les femmes, rien que les femmes ? Apparemment, non : cela concernerait également celles qui ne le sont plus, etc. Quelle est la définition juridique du terme ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352394",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352394"
   ],
   "order": 304,
   "text": "Voilà le niveau du débat. Je demande au garde des sceaux de préciser la signification du mot « femme », qui n’a plus son sens historique, et tout ce que vous trouvez à dire, c’est « Foutez-nous la paix » !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 304,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352394",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N6d1a1cebe15c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà le niveau du débat. Je demande au garde des sceaux de préciser la signification du mot « femme », qui n’a plus son sens historique, et tout ce que vous trouvez à dire, c’est « Foutez-nous la paix » !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352401",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352401"
   ],
   "order": 311,
   "text": "Les députés du groupe LR, qui s’expriment en toute liberté, essaient de développer des arguments. Or on a en face de nous des gens qui profèrent des slogans. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) C’est bien le reflet de cette législature, mes chers collègues ! Le Parlement n’est pas le lieu pour proférer des slogans ; on y développe des arguments – avec lesquels on a le droit d’être en désaccord et auxquels on peut répondre, mais, en tout état de cause, il faut qu’on puisse les présenter.J’en reviens aux propos du collègue qui voulait, en début de séance, supprimer le droit d’amendement, c’est-à-dire nous couper la parole. Le droit d’amendement, c’est la possibilité de développer – en peu de temps, puisqu’on ne dispose que de deux minutes pour ce faire – une pensée qui se veut construite.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 311,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352401",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "N19f9e1f2b712",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les députés du groupe [GROUPE], qui s’expriment en toute liberté, essaient de développer des arguments. Or on a en face de nous des gens qui profèrent des slogans. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) C’est bien le reflet de cette législature, mes chers collègues ! Le Parlement n’est pas le lieu pour proférer des slogans ; on y développe des arguments – avec lesquels on a le droit d’être en désaccord et auxquels on peut répondre, mais, en tout état de cause, il faut qu’on puisse les présenter.J’en reviens aux propos du collègue qui voulait, en début de séance, supprimer le droit d’amendement, c’est-à-dire nous couper la parole. Le droit d’amendement, c’est la possibilité de développer – en peu de temps, puisqu’on ne dispose que de deux minutes pour ce faire – une pensée qui se veut construite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352411",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352411"
   ],
   "order": 321,
   "text": "J’en dirai quelques mots pour faire retomber la pression.Je trouve cependant insupportable que des collègues demandent de manière péremptoire qu’on se taise. On peut ne pas partager les mêmes points de vue, madame Martin, mais essayons au moins de s’écouter et d’échanger des arguments. Il n’y aurait aucun intérêt à avoir ici 577 clones – ou des hologrammes : M. Mélenchon était à la buvette ce soir, et il a dû faire souffler un esprit de révolte encore plus fort que d’habitude. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Bref, ne vous en déplaise, la République, ce soir, ce n’est pas que lui.Vu le débat, nous sommes obligés d’enfoncer des portes ouvertes. En l’occurrence, il s’agit de préciser, dans une formule certes un peu longue, qu’il doit y avoir un délai de réflexion minimal. En effet, tout ce qui a été voté ces dernières années va dans le sens d’un détricotage tant de l’esprit que de la lettre de la loi Veil. Comme le disait Xavier Breton tout à l’heure, certains militent, avec une cohérence qu’on peut leur reconnaître, pour la fin de tout délai de réflexion, de tout délai pour recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse et la suppression de la double cause de conscience.Cela nous conduit à proposer une rédaction plus précise afin de garantir un équilibre qui est loin d’être assuré vu les réactions de certains. On imagine très bien voir arriver, après l’adoption de la révision constitutionnelle, des textes visant à élargir toujours plus les conditions de recours à l’IVG. Ce n’est pas, me semble-t-il, ce que souhaite la majorité d’entre vous, mais on voit bien comment ça pourrait déraper.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 321,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352411",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 275,
   "annotation_id": "N784a310fe875",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’en dirai quelques mots pour faire retomber la pression.Je trouve cependant insupportable que des collègues demandent de manière péremptoire qu’on se taise. On peut ne pas partager les mêmes points de vue, madame Martin, mais essayons au moins de s’écouter et d’échanger des arguments. Il n’y aurait aucun intérêt à avoir ici 577 clones – ou des hologrammes : M. Mélenchon était à la buvette ce soir, et il a dû faire souffler un esprit de révolte encore plus fort que d’habitude. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Bref, ne vous en déplaise, la République, ce soir, ce n’est pas que lui.Vu le débat, nous sommes obligés d’enfoncer des portes ouvertes. En l’occurrence, il s’agit de préciser, dans une formule certes un peu longue, qu’il doit y avoir un délai de réflexion minimal. En effet, tout ce qui a été voté ces dernières années va dans le sens d’un détricotage tant de l’esprit que de la lettre de la loi Veil. Comme le disait [PERSONNE] tout à l’heure, certains militent, avec une cohérence qu’on peut leur reconnaître, pour la fin de tout délai de réflexion, de tout délai pour recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse et la suppression de la double cause de conscience.Cela nous conduit à proposer une rédaction plus précise afin de garantir un équilibre qui est loin d’être assuré vu les réactions de certains. On imagine très bien voir arriver, après l’adoption de la révision constitutionnelle, des textes visant à élargir toujours plus les conditions de recours à l’IVG. Ce n’est pas, me semble-t-il, ce que souhaite la majorité d’entre vous, mais on voit bien comment ça pourrait déraper."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352420"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Il reste une question de fond à laquelle aucune réponse n’a été apportée ; je me permets de la réitérer parce que c’est un point clé. Pouvez-vous nous garantir que le principe constitutionnel de respect de la dignité humaine englobe la protection de la vie à naître ? Si tel était le cas, ce serait de nature à nous rassurer. Pouvez-vous juste nous garantir cela ? (M. Olivier Marleix applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 330,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352420",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "Nde28e1906461",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il reste une question de fond à laquelle aucune réponse n’a été apportée ; je me permets de la réitérer parce que c’est un point clé. Pouvez-vous nous garantir que le principe constitutionnel de respect de la dignité humaine englobe la protection de la vie à naître ? Si tel était le cas, ce serait de nature à nous rassurer. Pouvez-vous juste nous garantir cela ? (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352423"
   ],
   "order": 333,
   "text": "Comme ils touchent au cadre législatif, l’avis sera défavorable sur la totalité d’entre eux.Monsieur Breton, au cours des auditions, nous avons entendu des personnalités qui étaient opposées à la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG – notamment des constitutionnalistes. Je pense à la professeure émérite Zoller, dont le propos était particulièrement intéressant et pertinent, et qui a avancé des arguments juridiques qui se défendaient parfaitement. Il y a également eu des débats entre des associations qui n’avaient pas le même point de vue.Les propos de nos collègues Le Fur et Gosselin mettent en évidence notre désaccord. Vous dites explicitement que vous seriez d’accord pour constitutionnaliser et protéger l’IVG à condition d’en rester au droit de 1975.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 333,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352423",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 113,
   "annotation_id": "N36128fb57bec",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Comme ils touchent au cadre législatif, l’avis sera défavorable sur la totalité d’entre eux.Monsieur Breton, au cours des auditions, nous avons entendu des personnalités qui étaient opposées à la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG – notamment des constitutionnalistes. Je pense à la professeure émérite Zoller, dont le propos était particulièrement intéressant et pertinent, et qui a avancé des arguments juridiques qui se défendaient parfaitement. Il y a également eu des débats entre des associations qui n’avaient pas le même point de vue.Les propos de nos collègues Le Fur et Gosselin mettent en évidence notre désaccord. Vous dites explicitement que vous seriez d’accord pour constitutionnaliser et protéger l’IVG à condition d’en rester au droit de 1975."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352427",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352427",
    "3350387"
   ],
   "order": 337,
   "text": "Je reconnais bien là le fin juriste que vous êtes, cher collègue Gosselin ! L’esprit de la loi est conservé – je vous ai d’ailleurs répondu à plusieurs reprises au sujet de l’équilibre, que le juge constitutionnel a évoqué à plusieurs reprises. En revanche, la législation actuelle s’agissant de l’accès à l’avortement repose sur la loi du 17 janvier 1975, rapidement pérennisée par la loi du 31 décembre 1979 relative à l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse, puis prolongée par les lois du 27 janvier 1993 portant diverses mesures d’ordre social, du 4 juillet 2001 relative à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception, du 17 décembre 2012 de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2013, du 4 août 2014 pour l’égalité réelle entre les femmes et les hommes, du 26 janvier 2016 de modernisation de notre système de santé, du 20 mars 2017 relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et du 2 mars 2022 visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement. Je vous renvoie à la page 12 du rapport de la commission des lois, qui revient sur l’ensemble des dispositions en vigueur, et qui seront, demain, si le présent texte est voté, protégées par la Constitution. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 338,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352427",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 205,
   "annotation_id": "Ne065e0d17e38",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je reconnais bien là le fin juriste que vous êtes, cher collègue Gosselin ! L’esprit de la loi est conservé – je vous ai d’ailleurs répondu à plusieurs reprises au sujet de l’équilibre, que le juge constitutionnel a évoqué à plusieurs reprises. En revanche, la législation actuelle s’agissant de l’accès à l’avortement repose sur la loi du 17 janvier 1975, rapidement pérennisée par la loi du 31 décembre 1979 relative à l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse, puis prolongée par les lois du 27 janvier 1993 portant diverses mesures d’ordre social, du 4 juillet 2001 relative à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception, du 17 décembre 2012 de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2013, du 4 août 2014 pour l’égalité réelle entre les femmes et les hommes, du 26 janvier 2016 de modernisation de notre système de santé, du 20 mars 2017 relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et du 2 mars 2022 visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement. Je vous renvoie à la page 12 du rapport de la commission des lois, qui revient sur l’ensemble des dispositions en vigueur, et qui seront, demain, si le présent texte est voté, protégées par la Constitution. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350389",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350389"
   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "Il est défavorable ; je souhaite cependant répondre aux questions du président Marleix et de M. Hetzel. J’y ai d’ailleurs déjà répondu, qui plus est à de nombreuses reprises – notamment lors de mon discours de présentation, que je peux vous communiquer, monsieur Marleix. Il s’agit en effet d’une question essentielle. Deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel sont à considérer.La première est la décision no 74-54 du 15 janvier 1975 – j’ai donné tout à l’heure à Mme Blin les références de cette décision. Le Conseil constitutionnel y a précisé que le respect de tout être humain, dès le commencement de la vie, est l’une des modalités de la mise en œuvre par la loi du principe de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine. Cela devrait définitivement vous rassurer.Allons plus loin, puisqu’une autre question a été posée. Dans sa décision no 2001-446 du 27 juin 2001, le Conseil constitutionnel a constaté que notre droit concilie la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG avec le principe du respect de l’être humain, dès le commencement de sa vie, inscrit à l’article 16 du code civil.Ces deux décisions sont claires, nettes et précises et, j’y insiste, elles sont de nature, bien au-delà d’une affirmation ministérielle, à vous rassurer pleinement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 340,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350389",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 209,
   "annotation_id": "Na6c9b87ea8b3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est défavorable ; je souhaite cependant répondre aux questions du président Marleix et de M. Hetzel. J’y ai d’ailleurs déjà répondu, qui plus est à de nombreuses reprises – notamment lors de mon discours de présentation, que je peux vous communiquer, monsieur Marleix. Il s’agit en effet d’une question essentielle. Deux décisions du Conseil constitutionnel sont à considérer.La première est la décision no 74-54 du 15 janvier 1975 – j’ai donné tout à l’heure à Mme Blin les références de cette décision. Le Conseil constitutionnel y a précisé que le respect de tout être humain, dès le commencement de la vie, est l’une des modalités de la mise en œuvre par la loi du principe de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine. Cela devrait définitivement vous rassurer.Allons plus loin, puisqu’une autre question a été posée. Dans sa décision no 2001-446 du 27 juin 2001, le Conseil constitutionnel a constaté que notre droit concilie la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG avec le principe du respect de l’être humain, dès le commencement de sa vie, inscrit à l’article 16 du code civil.Ces deux décisions sont claires, nettes et précises et, j’y insiste, elles sont de nature, bien au-delà d’une affirmation ministérielle, à vous rassurer pleinement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350394",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350394"
   ],
   "order": 345,
   "text": "Collègues du groupe les Républicains, vous avez exprimé votre souhait d’un retour à la loi Veil. Il s’agit là d’une régression qui illustre parfaitement la raison pour laquelle nous sommes réunis : la constitutionnalisation du droit fondamental à l’IVG. Depuis 1974, le débat sur l’avortement a ressurgi à maintes reprises, et nous avons fait évoluer la loi ; c’est tant mieux. Cependant, ce n’est absolument pas la question du jour. Vous posez le problème en des termes qui ne sont pas ceux du présent débat ; il s’agit simplement de constitutionnaliser le droit en vigueur. Il n’est pas question d’en modifier les délais ni les modalités, ni de revenir sur aucune des dispositions légales. Or vous revenez, vous, sur les débats que nous avons pu avoir depuis 1974.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 345,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350394",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 128,
   "annotation_id": "N489ff8c478d5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Collègues du groupe [GROUPE], vous avez exprimé votre souhait d’un retour à la loi Veil. Il s’agit là d’une régression qui illustre parfaitement la raison pour laquelle nous sommes réunis : la constitutionnalisation du droit fondamental à l’IVG. Depuis 1974, le débat sur l’avortement a ressurgi à maintes reprises, et nous avons fait évoluer la loi ; c’est tant mieux. Cependant, ce n’est absolument pas la question du jour. Vous posez le problème en des termes qui ne sont pas ceux du présent débat ; il s’agit simplement de constitutionnaliser le droit en vigueur. Il n’est pas question d’en modifier les délais ni les modalités, ni de revenir sur aucune des dispositions légales. Or vous revenez, vous, sur les débats que nous avons pu avoir depuis 1974."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794778",
   "speaker": "Sandra Regol",
   "quality": "Mme Sandra Regol",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350399"
   ],
   "order": 350,
   "text": "Chers collègues du groupe Les Républicains, je vous rejoins au moins sur un point : le débat sur les valeurs et les raisons de nos désaccords est toujours sain, surtout en démocratie. Nous nous sommes tous – ou presque – retrouvés un jour minoritaires sur un point, et avons ressenti la nécessité de développer nos arguments parce qu’ils nous semblaient importants pour éclairer le débat public. Toutefois, nous avons déjà eu, très largement, ces discussions au sein de la commission des lois. Nous les avons désormais dans l’hémicycle, ce qui est tout à fait normal.Ce qui l’est beaucoup moins, c’est que quatre personnes « embolisent » la totalité des débats sur l’article unique.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 350,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350399",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 113,
   "annotation_id": "Ne852e25aedfe",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues du groupe [GROUPE], je vous rejoins au moins sur un point : le débat sur les valeurs et les raisons de nos désaccords est toujours sain, surtout en démocratie. Nous nous sommes tous – ou presque – retrouvés un jour minoritaires sur un point, et avons ressenti la nécessité de développer nos arguments parce qu’ils nous semblaient importants pour éclairer le débat public. Toutefois, nous avons déjà eu, très largement, ces discussions au sein de la commission des lois. Nous les avons désormais dans l’hémicycle, ce qui est tout à fait normal.Ce qui l’est beaucoup moins, c’est que quatre personnes « embolisent » la totalité des débats sur l’article unique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794778",
   "speaker": "Sandra Regol",
   "quality": "Mme Sandra Regol",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350402",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350402"
   ],
   "order": 353,
   "text": "Quatre personnes, et non quatre courants politiques ! L’essentiel de vos amendements n’ont qu’un seul signataire, parfois deux. Ce cas montre, madame la présidente, que nous rencontrons un problème de fonctionnement. Il n’est pas possible que 577 députés dépendent du bon vouloir de quatre ou cinq personnes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES et Dem.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 353,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350402",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "N2cfd672c58da",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Quatre personnes, et non quatre courants politiques ! L’essentiel de vos amendements n’ont qu’un seul signataire, parfois deux. Ce cas montre, madame la présidente, que nous rencontrons un problème de fonctionnement. Il n’est pas possible que 577 députés dépendent du bon vouloir de quatre ou cinq personnes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350410",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350410"
   ],
   "order": 362,
   "text": "Nous étions plusieurs à exprimer tout à l’heure notre joie et notre fierté de nous retrouver dans cet hémicycle pour parler de ce texte. Je voudrais partager à présent ma tristesse : celle de voir une partie de l’hémicycle incapable d’entendre une position divergente de la sienne,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 362,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350410",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "N18dc17838293",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous étions plusieurs à exprimer tout à l’heure notre joie et notre fierté de nous retrouver dans cet hémicycle pour parler de ce texte. Je voudrais partager à présent ma tristesse : celle de voir une partie de l’hémicycle incapable d’entendre une position divergente de la sienne,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350412",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350412"
   ],
   "order": 364,
   "text": "…même si je ne la partage pas. C’est une véritable tristesse : vous déplorez que cinq personnes monopolisent la parole, mais combien de fois a-t-on rencontré la même chose de votre côté ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes HOR, RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 364,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350412",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N87fd2658cc76",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…même si je ne la partage pas. C’est une véritable tristesse : vous déplorez que cinq personnes monopolisent la parole, mais combien de fois a-t-on rencontré la même chose de votre côté ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes HOR, RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350414",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350414"
   ],
   "order": 366,
   "text": "Reste, mesdames et messieurs des Républicains, que vous êtes en train de dénaturer profondément ce projet de loi, en faisant grief au Gouvernement de soutenir le Planning familial. Or ce dernier réalise, au quotidien, un travail extraordinaire – heureusement qu’il est là ! Où avez-vous entendu parler de modification du délai de l’IVG ? À quel moment ? Ce sera à la main du législateur, vous en êtes, faites-vous confiance !Quant à la question du consentement et du délai de réflexion, de grâce, ne sous-estimez pas et ne méprisez pas les femmes qui vont subir une IVG : ce n’est jamais une décision aisée, qui serait prise sur un coup de tête ; elle fait toujours l’objet d’une réflexion.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 366,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350414",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "N32f2ce642d84",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Reste, mesdames et messieurs des Républicains, que vous êtes en train de dénaturer profondément ce projet de loi, en faisant grief au Gouvernement de soutenir le Planning familial. Or ce dernier réalise, au quotidien, un travail extraordinaire – heureusement qu’il est là ! Où avez-vous entendu parler de modification du délai de l’IVG ? À quel moment ? Ce sera à la main du législateur, vous en êtes, faites-vous confiance !Quant à la question du consentement et du délai de réflexion, de grâce, ne sous-estimez pas et ne méprisez pas les femmes qui vont subir une IVG : ce n’est jamais une décision aisée, qui serait prise sur un coup de tête ; elle fait toujours l’objet d’une réflexion."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350420"
   ],
   "order": 372,
   "text": "Au début de ces débats, je me suis posé trois questions, manifestement partagées par d’autres. Ce dont il s’agit aujourd’hui, c’est de constitutionnaliser l’accès à l’IVG. La première question est de savoir s’il s’agit là d’un droit sociétal supplémentaire ou s’il s’agit d’un droit fondamental. Certains, au Sénat, ont récemment soulevé cette question, indiquant que s’ils étaient favorables à l’accès à l’IVG, ils ne souhaitaient pas que la Constitution devienne « un catalogue de droits sociaux et sociétaux ». Or je ne crois pas que l’objet de notre discussion soit un droit social ou sociétal. Ce dont nous débattons est la liberté pour une femme de disposer de son corps. Ce droit-là n’est ni un droit social ni un droit sociétal, mais un droit fondamental. Il a donc pleinement sa place, de mon point de vue, dans la Constitution.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 372,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350420",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "Nd23a7b4421a4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au début de ces débats, je me suis posé trois questions, manifestement partagées par d’autres. Ce dont il s’agit aujourd’hui, c’est de constitutionnaliser l’accès à l’IVG. La première question est de savoir s’il s’agit là d’un droit sociétal supplémentaire ou s’il s’agit d’un droit fondamental. Certains, au Sénat, ont récemment soulevé cette question, indiquant que s’ils étaient favorables à l’accès à l’IVG, ils ne souhaitaient pas que la Constitution devienne « un catalogue de droits sociaux et sociétaux ». Or je ne crois pas que l’objet de notre discussion soit un droit social ou sociétal. Ce dont nous débattons est la liberté pour une femme de disposer de son corps. Ce droit-là n’est ni un droit social ni un droit sociétal, mais un droit fondamental. Il a donc pleinement sa place, de mon point de vue, dans la Constitution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350422",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350422"
   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "La deuxième question, importante, est de savoir si les droits fondamentaux ont vocation à évoluer au fur et à mesure du temps – et donc à potentiellement être modifiés dans la rédaction de la Constitution – ou non. La définition même d’un droit fondamental fait que la nature qui était la sienne il y a trente ou quarante ans n’est pas la même aujourd’hui. Chacun jugera de la qualité de l’évolution ; mais personne ne peut imaginer ici – car alors, notre mission s’éteindrait – que les droits fondamentaux n’évoluent pas, ne progressent pas – selon le sens que chacun se fait du progrès. Il n’y a donc aucun problème à ce qu’un droit fondamental progresse dans la Constitution et qu’il y soit inscrit aujourd’hui alors qu’il ne l’était pas hier.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 374,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350422",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "N7506efd1ae30",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La deuxième question, importante, est de savoir si les droits fondamentaux ont vocation à évoluer au fur et à mesure du temps – et donc à potentiellement être modifiés dans la rédaction de la Constitution – ou non. La définition même d’un droit fondamental fait que la nature qui était la sienne il y a trente ou quarante ans n’est pas la même aujourd’hui. Chacun jugera de la qualité de l’évolution ; mais personne ne peut imaginer ici – car alors, notre mission s’éteindrait – que les droits fondamentaux n’évoluent pas, ne progressent pas – selon le sens que chacun se fait du progrès. Il n’y a donc aucun problème à ce qu’un droit fondamental progresse dans la Constitution et qu’il y soit inscrit aujourd’hui alors qu’il ne l’était pas hier."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350424",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350424"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "Enfin, une dernière question se pose : celle de la charge symbolique de la loi, et singulièrement de la loi constitutionnelle. Je considère que nous ne traitons pas que de questions pratiques, techniques ou opérationnelles, même si elles sont importantes pour assurer l’effectivité des droits, notamment en matière d’accès à la contraception. Nous traitons d’une matière symbolique. La loi constitutionnelle a aussi vocation à adresser à la nation, pas seulement une précaution, mais un message : la liberté pour une femme de disposer de son corps est une liberté fondamentale que nous devons garantir. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 376,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350424",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N464e5241e10c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin, une dernière question se pose : celle de la charge symbolique de la loi, et singulièrement de la loi constitutionnelle. Je considère que nous ne traitons pas que de questions pratiques, techniques ou opérationnelles, même si elles sont importantes pour assurer l’effectivité des droits, notamment en matière d’accès à la contraception. Nous traitons d’une matière symbolique. La loi constitutionnelle a aussi vocation à adresser à la nation, pas seulement une précaution, mais un message : la liberté pour une femme de disposer de son corps est une liberté fondamentale que nous devons garantir. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794810",
   "speaker": "Louise Morel",
   "quality": "Mme Louise Morel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350426",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350426"
   ],
   "order": 379,
   "text": "Je voudrais rappeler que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle comporte un article unique, de deux alinéas, soit quatre lignes. Il ne s’agit donc ni de repousser le délai pour avorter, ni d’encadrer le suivi des femmes par les différentes associations et les professionnels de santé, ni de réguler plus généralement les travaux des acteurs concernés par ces questions. Nous sommes simplement en train de réfléchir à la façon de garantir constitutionnellement ce droit.Je suis assez effarée, en tant que jeune parlementaire, d’entendre les prises de parole de la droite, que je trouve très désagréables, très moralisatrices et très hors sujet. Si nous réussissons à faire aboutir ce projet de loi, j’espère que cela permettra surtout aux futurs parlementaires qui siégeront sur ces bancs, de ne plus avoir à entendre ce type de parole. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, RE, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 379,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350426",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "N3c9943a9e276",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais rappeler que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle comporte un article unique, de deux alinéas, soit quatre lignes. Il ne s’agit donc ni de repousser le délai pour avorter, ni d’encadrer le suivi des femmes par les différentes associations et les professionnels de santé, ni de réguler plus généralement les travaux des acteurs concernés par ces questions. Nous sommes simplement en train de réfléchir à la façon de garantir constitutionnellement ce droit.Je suis assez effarée, en tant que jeune parlementaire, d’entendre les prises de parole de la droite, que je trouve très désagréables, très moralisatrices et très hors sujet. Si nous réussissons à faire aboutir ce projet de loi, j’espère que cela permettra surtout aux futurs parlementaires qui siégeront sur ces bancs, de ne plus avoir à entendre ce type de parole. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, RE, [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350435"
   ],
   "order": 389,
   "text": "Il vise à réaffirmer le principe du consentement de la personne la plus concernée, la femme. Nous ne sommes pas dans un monde irénique. Une femme enceinte peut subir des pressions pour avorter,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 389,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350435",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N96956fedc048",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à réaffirmer le principe du consentement de la personne la plus concernée, la femme. Nous ne sommes pas dans un monde irénique. Une femme enceinte peut subir des pressions pour avorter,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350437",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350437"
   ],
   "order": 391,
   "text": "…des pressions de son employeur – la chose existe, parfois sous forme de harcèlement –, ou de celui qui était son compagnon, qui ne l’est plus ou qui menace de ne plus l’être. Ce sont des choses qui existent. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES, Dem, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 391,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350437",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N75be67589e27",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…des pressions de son employeur – la chose existe, parfois sous forme de harcèlement –, ou de celui qui était son compagnon, qui ne l’est plus ou qui menace de ne plus l’être. Ce sont des choses qui existent. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE], Dem, [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350442",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350442"
   ],
   "order": 396,
   "text": "Je souhaite poser une question à M. le garde des sceaux. Pourquoi, alors qu’on souhaite constitutionnaliser l’IVG sur la base de fantasmes qui ne concernent pas la France (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES), vos craintes seraient plus légitimes que les doutes que nous émettons sur les futures évolutions de ce droit, et les répercussions que cette modification de la Constitution pourrait avoir sur la vie des femmes ? J’avoue ne pas comprendre pourquoi vous seriez fondés à vous poser des questions et à faire part de vos inquiétudes, et pourquoi nous ne le serions pas.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 396,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350442",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "Neea34d5a8bdf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite poser une question à M. le garde des sceaux. Pourquoi, alors qu’on souhaite constitutionnaliser l’IVG sur la base de fantasmes qui ne concernent pas la France (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), vos craintes seraient plus légitimes que les doutes que nous émettons sur les futures évolutions de ce droit, et les répercussions que cette modification de la Constitution pourrait avoir sur la vie des femmes ? J’avoue ne pas comprendre pourquoi vous seriez fondés à vous poser des questions et à faire part de vos inquiétudes, et pourquoi nous ne le serions pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350446",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3350446"
   ],
   "order": 400,
   "text": "Il me semble qu’un consentement libre et éclairé est tout à fait nécessaire afin d’éviter les pressions extérieures, dans un sens – pour avorter – comme dans l’autre – pour garder l’enfant.Il n’est pas ici question, comme je l’ai entendu en commission, de faire ou non confiance aux femmes. On ne va jamais avorter de gaieté de cœur et si les femmes sont souvent informées sur l’acte de l’IVG en lui-même, elles ne le sont pas toujours sur les solutions alternatives qui leur auraient permis de l’éviter.À cet égard, je vous avoue avoir été quelque peu sidérée de la discussion que nous avons eue à ce sujet en commission et avoir été très étonnée de l’aveuglement de certains qui ont nié que certaines femmes – surtout quand elles sont jeunes, bien sûr – étaient poussées à avorter par leur entourage familial ou par leur compagnon, alors qu’elles auraient peut-être souhaité garder leur enfant. Certains députés ont même balayé d’un revers de main cet élément au prétexte que dans « interruption volontaire de grossesse » il y a le mot « volontaire ». Ce mot doit aussi protéger les femmes qui subissent des pressions inadmissibles.Et pour ceux qui demeureraient dubitatifs, j’ai quelques témoignages à leur fournir, car on ne peut pas nier que ces pressions pour avorter s’exercent bel et bien sur certaines femmes : c’est une réalité que nous devons prendre en compte. La liberté des femmes dont vous vous revendiquez sans cesse ne doit pas se mesurer au seul exercice du droit de recourir à l’avortement. Les femmes doivent également pouvoir choisir en totale liberté de ne pas avorter.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 400,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3350446",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 270,
   "annotation_id": "Nbd09ee547cd8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il me semble qu’un consentement libre et éclairé est tout à fait nécessaire afin d’éviter les pressions extérieures, dans un sens – pour avorter – comme dans l’autre – pour garder l’enfant.Il n’est pas ici question, comme je l’ai entendu en commission, de faire ou non confiance aux femmes. On ne va jamais avorter de gaieté de cœur et si les femmes sont souvent informées sur l’acte de l’IVG en lui-même, elles ne le sont pas toujours sur les solutions alternatives qui leur auraient permis de l’éviter.À cet égard, je vous avoue avoir été quelque peu sidérée de la discussion que nous avons eue à ce sujet en commission et avoir été très étonnée de l’aveuglement de certains qui ont nié que certaines femmes – surtout quand elles sont jeunes, bien sûr – étaient poussées à avorter par leur entourage familial ou par leur compagnon, alors qu’elles auraient peut-être souhaité garder leur enfant. Certains députés ont même balayé d’un revers de main cet élément au prétexte que dans « interruption volontaire de grossesse » il y a le mot « volontaire ». Ce mot doit aussi protéger les femmes qui subissent des pressions inadmissibles.Et pour ceux qui demeureraient dubitatifs, j’ai quelques témoignages à leur fournir, car on ne peut pas nier que ces pressions pour avorter s’exercent bel et bien sur certaines femmes : c’est une réalité que nous devons prendre en compte. La liberté des femmes dont vous vous revendiquez sans cesse ne doit pas se mesurer au seul exercice du droit de recourir à l’avortement. Les femmes doivent également pouvoir choisir en totale liberté de ne pas avorter."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351405",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351405"
   ],
   "order": 407,
   "text": "Par ces amendements et pour reprendre les mots de M. Le Fur ou de Mme Ménard, vous souhaitez préciser que le droit à l’IVG s’exerce avec le consentement de la femme. Or sur le plan juridique, la rédaction que nous proposons consacre justement en ces termes la notion de consentement. Le Conseil d’État est d’ailleurs très clair sur le caractère individuel et librement consenti de l’exercice de la liberté définie par le projet de loi constitutionnelle ; je vous renvoie à son avis. Mme Ménard l’a d’ailleurs dit elle-même, reprenant l’argument utilisé par M. Balanant en commission : l’interruption de grossesse est volontaire, ce qui corrobore mon propos.Enfin, je rappelle également, comme je l’avais fait en commission, que l’article 223-10 du code pénal prévoit que « l’interruption de grossesse sans le consentement de l’intéressée est punie de cinq ans d’emprisonnement et de 75 000 euros d’amende ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 407,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351405",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N9f4220640212",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Par ces amendements et pour reprendre les mots de M. Le Fur ou de Mme Ménard, vous souhaitez préciser que le droit à l’IVG s’exerce avec le consentement de la femme. Or sur le plan juridique, la rédaction que nous proposons consacre justement en ces termes la notion de consentement. Le Conseil d’État est d’ailleurs très clair sur le caractère individuel et librement consenti de l’exercice de la liberté définie par le projet de loi constitutionnelle ; je vous renvoie à son avis. Mme Ménard l’a d’ailleurs dit elle-même, reprenant l’argument utilisé par M. Balanant en commission : l’interruption de grossesse est volontaire, ce qui corrobore mon propos.Enfin, je rappelle également, comme je l’avais fait en commission, que l’article 223-10 du code pénal prévoit que « l’interruption de grossesse sans le consentement de l’intéressée est punie de cinq ans d’emprisonnement et de 75 000 euros d’amende »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351414",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351414"
   ],
   "order": 416,
   "text": "Et en tant que députée, j’ai également le droit de combattre les idées qu’ils véhiculent.Cela étant, les termes que vous utilisez et les axes que vous choisissez, évoquant la détresse psychologique des femmes confrontées à une grossesse visiblement non désirée et les pressions qu’elles peuvent subir, et revendiquant par là même un prétendu équilibre – j’ai plutôt l’impression qu’il s’agit d’un déséquilibre – avec le respect du droit de la vie à naître, ne sont en réalité que les arguments opposés de très longue date à toutes celles qui ont voulu faire du droit à l’IVG un droit effectif dans notre pays. J’insiste, tous ces arguments ont été opposés aux très longues luttes féministes pour faire du droit à l’avortement une réalité.Voilà pourquoi mon devoir est évidemment de m’opposer aux arguments que vous exposez. J’estime qu’ils mettent en danger non seulement sa constitutionnalisation, mais aussi le droit à l’IVG en lui-même, et qu’ils viennent ajouter encore un peu plus à la culpabilité que l’on tente de faire peser sur les femmes qui veulent avorter. Cette culpabilité a été un atout considérable pour les personnes qui ont voulu s’opposer au droit à l’avortement en France. Ce faisant, un tabou continue d’entourer l’avortement et nombre de femmes qui pourraient avorter sans que cela soit un drame – oui, cela arrive – ont toujours un sentiment d’échec (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES), quand on ne va pas jusqu’à leur instiller l’idée, comme ce fut le cas dans vos rangs, chers collègues, lors de l’examen de la loi Veil, que l’IVG est un homicide programmé.Il faut que ces propos cessent car ils représentent non seulement une opposition à l’IVG, mais une attaque contre les femmes qui, ne vous en déplaise, ont le droit d’avorter dans notre pays. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 416,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351414",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 308,
   "annotation_id": "N3a9eb823f3b6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Et en tant que députée, j’ai également le droit de combattre les idées qu’ils véhiculent.Cela étant, les termes que vous utilisez et les axes que vous choisissez, évoquant la détresse psychologique des femmes confrontées à une grossesse visiblement non désirée et les pressions qu’elles peuvent subir, et revendiquant par là même un prétendu équilibre – j’ai plutôt l’impression qu’il s’agit d’un déséquilibre – avec le respect du droit de la vie à naître, ne sont en réalité que les arguments opposés de très longue date à toutes celles qui ont voulu faire du droit à l’IVG un droit effectif dans notre pays. J’insiste, tous ces arguments ont été opposés aux très longues luttes féministes pour faire du droit à l’avortement une réalité.Voilà pourquoi mon devoir est évidemment de m’opposer aux arguments que vous exposez. J’estime qu’ils mettent en danger non seulement sa constitutionnalisation, mais aussi le droit à l’IVG en lui-même, et qu’ils viennent ajouter encore un peu plus à la culpabilité que l’on tente de faire peser sur les femmes qui veulent avorter. Cette culpabilité a été un atout considérable pour les personnes qui ont voulu s’opposer au droit à l’avortement en France. Ce faisant, un tabou continue d’entourer l’avortement et nombre de femmes qui pourraient avorter sans que cela soit un drame – oui, cela arrive – ont toujours un sentiment d’échec (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]), quand on ne va pas jusqu’à leur instiller l’idée, comme ce fut le cas dans vos rangs, chers collègues, lors de l’examen de la loi Veil, que l’IVG est un homicide programmé.Il faut que ces propos cessent car ils représentent non seulement une opposition à l’IVG, mais une attaque contre les femmes qui, ne vous en déplaise, ont le droit d’avorter dans notre pays. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351422",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351422"
   ],
   "order": 423,
   "text": "C’est une donnée, une réalité, même si je n’ai pas de statistiques à apporter. Regardez autour de vous, écoutez.Par ailleurs, j’apprécie la réponse du rapporteur, lequel a indiqué qu’une disposition du code pénal permet de sanctionner les personnes qui font pression pour inciter, obliger, forcer les femmes à avorter. J’aurais toutefois souhaité qu’il précise dans quelle proportion des poursuites sont lancées contre les auteurs de cette infraction ; qu’il précise dans quelle mesure les parquets agissent.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 423,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351422",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "Ne51b04831adf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une donnée, une réalité, même si je n’ai pas de statistiques à apporter. Regardez autour de vous, écoutez.Par ailleurs, j’apprécie la réponse du rapporteur, lequel a indiqué qu’une disposition du code pénal permet de sanctionner les personnes qui font pression pour inciter, obliger, forcer les femmes à avorter. J’aurais toutefois souhaité qu’il précise dans quelle proportion des poursuites sont lancées contre les auteurs de cette infraction ; qu’il précise dans quelle mesure les parquets agissent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351429",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351429"
   ],
   "order": 431,
   "text": "Pour répondre à notre collègue Faucillon, s’il y a un tabou dans cette assemblée, il porte sur la détresse et les situations compliquées que vivent certaines femmes. Je n’ai d’ailleurs pas dit que ces situations concernaient toutes les femmes car, c’est heureux, certaines vivent très bien leur avortement, mais il s’avère que ce n’est pas le cas de toutes les femmes.À cet égard, et sans vouloir faire du François Ruffin dans le texte, je souhaite tout de même vous faire lecture de quelques lignes.« J’ai 19 ans. À 16 ans, ma famille m’a forcée à avorter. Je ne l’ai pas supporté : j’ai fait une dépression et des tentatives de suicide. Comment faire le deuil de cet enfant que je voulais ? »Autre témoignage : « J’avais 17 ans quand je suis tombée enceinte par accident. Mon copain et moi étions ensemble depuis un an. Nous formions un couple stable, mais nous n’avions pas encore prévu de fonder une famille. […] La famille de mon petit ami […] [a] cherché à me convaincre [d’avorter]. Pour eux, il était hors de question que je mette cet enfant au monde et que j’impose à mon amoureux une situation qu’il n’avait pas voulue. […] Ils ont finalement réussi à me convaincre de commettre la plus grosse erreur de ma vie : j’ai accepté de me faire avorter pour mon petit ami. »Voulez-vous que je continue ? (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES et SOC.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 431,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351429",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 243,
   "annotation_id": "N2293f8f98273",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour répondre à notre collègue Faucillon, s’il y a un tabou dans cette assemblée, il porte sur la détresse et les situations compliquées que vivent certaines femmes. Je n’ai d’ailleurs pas dit que ces situations concernaient toutes les femmes car, c’est heureux, certaines vivent très bien leur avortement, mais il s’avère que ce n’est pas le cas de toutes les femmes.À cet égard, et sans vouloir faire du [PERSONNE] dans le texte, je souhaite tout de même vous faire lecture de quelques lignes.« J’ai 19 ans. À 16 ans, ma famille m’a forcée à avorter. Je ne l’ai pas supporté : j’ai fait une dépression et des tentatives de suicide. Comment faire le deuil de cet enfant que je voulais ? »Autre témoignage : « J’avais 17 ans quand je suis tombée enceinte par accident. Mon copain et moi étions ensemble depuis un an. Nous formions un couple stable, mais nous n’avions pas encore prévu de fonder une famille. […] La famille de mon petit ami […] [a] cherché à me convaincre [d’avorter]. Pour eux, il était hors de question que je mette cet enfant au monde et que j’impose à mon amoureux une situation qu’il n’avait pas voulue. […] Ils ont finalement réussi à me convaincre de commettre la plus grosse erreur de ma vie : j’ai accepté de me faire avorter pour mon petit ami. »Voulez-vous que je continue ? (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351436"
   ],
   "order": 439,
   "text": "Sur le site Écoute IVG, on peut également lire ceci : « Si l’on vous a forcée à avorter, vous pouvez ressentir de la colère », etc. Cela signifie bien que même des sites fort peu susceptibles d’être hostiles à l’avortement admettent que le consentement à l’IVG n’est pas toujours libre et éclairé. Il me semble important de le signaler dans cet hémicycle.Si vous n’acceptez pas nos amendements, au moins cette discussion figurera-t-elle au compte rendu intégral des débats et au moins aura-t-on parlé de cette question. Merci pour les femmes concernées.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 439,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351436",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 92,
   "annotation_id": "N8139b57e8bbe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le site Écoute IVG, on peut également lire ceci : « Si l’on vous a forcée à avorter, vous pouvez ressentir de la colère », etc. Cela signifie bien que même des sites fort peu susceptibles d’être hostiles à l’avortement admettent que le consentement à l’IVG n’est pas toujours libre et éclairé. Il me semble important de le signaler dans cet hémicycle.Si vous n’acceptez pas nos amendements, au moins cette discussion figurera-t-elle au compte rendu intégral des débats et au moins aura-t-on parlé de cette question. Merci pour les femmes concernées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351439",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351439"
   ],
   "order": 442,
   "text": "Il est tout de même assez cocasse de vous voir vous faire les grands défenseurs de la liberté absolue de la femme – ou des femmes, si vous voulez jouer sur les mots. Vous êtes pour l’IVG inconditionnelle et absolue.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 442,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351439",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "Ndbde25fc7a56",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il est tout de même assez cocasse de vous voir vous faire les grands défenseurs de la liberté absolue de la femme – ou des femmes, si vous voulez jouer sur les mots. Vous êtes pour l’IVG inconditionnelle et absolue."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351447",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351447"
   ],
   "order": 450,
   "text": "…dont vous devez avoir conscience si vous voulez comprendre la réalité dans laquelle nous vivons. Car si vous souhaitez vivre dans un monde idéal, la réalité, elle, ne l’est pas. Oui, les femmes peuvent être confrontées à des difficultés, raison pour laquelle le consentement à l’avortement est nécessaire.J’y insiste, la liberté doit être entière. C’est ce que nous défendons : il faut que l’ensemble des femmes soient libres devant un choix individuel qui peut être difficile.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 450,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351447",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N9fc969c44818",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…dont vous devez avoir conscience si vous voulez comprendre la réalité dans laquelle nous vivons. Car si vous souhaitez vivre dans un monde idéal, la réalité, elle, ne l’est pas. Oui, les femmes peuvent être confrontées à des difficultés, raison pour laquelle le consentement à l’avortement est nécessaire.J’y insiste, la liberté doit être entière. C’est ce que nous défendons : il faut que l’ensemble des femmes soient libres devant un choix individuel qui peut être difficile."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351450",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351450"
   ],
   "order": 453,
   "text": "Avec ces derniers amendements, nous allons de digression en digression, de régression en régression. Parle-t-on de la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG ou de l’IVG elle-même ? Quoi qu’il en soit je suis inquiète car il semble que vous souhaitiez revenir aux douze semaines, comme si la loi Gaillot, la loi du 2 mars 2022 visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement, n’existait pas. Oui, vous voulez faire disparaître des lois !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 453,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351450",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N77210c78b0a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avec ces derniers amendements, nous allons de digression en digression, de régression en régression. Parle-t-on de la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG ou de l’IVG elle-même ? Quoi qu’il en soit je suis inquiète car il semble que vous souhaitiez revenir aux douze semaines, comme si la loi Gaillot, la loi du 2 mars 2022 visant à renforcer le droit à l’avortement, n’existait pas. Oui, vous voulez faire disparaître des lois !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351452",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351452"
   ],
   "order": 455,
   "text": "Je suis désolée de le dire, mais vous utilisez des termes qui relèvent de la propagande antichoix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Mmes Véronique Riotton et Marie-Pierre Rixain applaudissent également.) En témoigne l’exposé sommaire de votre amendement no 53, madame Ménard, dans lequel vous dites qu’une femme doit avoir le choix de garder son bébé, alors qu’à douze ou quatorze semaines de grossesse, on doit parler de fœtus. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Mme Véronique Riotton applaudit également.)Et puisque vous voulez nous renvoyer en 1974, je rappelle que Simone Veil s’est montrée particulièrement courageuse quand elle s’est présentée devant une assemblée composée de 481 hommes et de seulement 9 femmes – et je ne dis pas cela pour « genrer » le débat.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 455,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351452",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 137,
   "annotation_id": "N15d6ce7d41a5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis désolée de le dire, mais vous utilisez des termes qui relèvent de la propagande antichoix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mmes [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.) En témoigne l’exposé sommaire de votre amendement no 53, madame Ménard, dans lequel vous dites qu’une femme doit avoir le choix de garder son bébé, alors qu’à douze ou quatorze semaines de grossesse, on doit parler de fœtus. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Et puisque vous voulez nous renvoyer en 1974, je rappelle que Simone Veil s’est montrée particulièrement courageuse quand elle s’est présentée devant une assemblée composée de 481 hommes et de seulement 9 femmes – et je ne dis pas cela pour « genrer » le débat."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351571",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351571"
   ],
   "order": 458,
   "text": "Si ces dernières ont été dignes, beaucoup d’hommes ont tenu des propos odieux, dont certains me sont toujours en mémoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) J’aurais préféré ne pas les citer, mais je le ferai malgré tout. Pendant les débats, un député a dit avec l’assentiment de plusieurs autres que l’avortement était comme la mort des Juifs envoyés dans les camps d’extermination. (Mme Emmanuelle Ménard proteste.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 458,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351571",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "N2ec348e9dba9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Si ces dernières ont été dignes, beaucoup d’hommes ont tenu des propos odieux, dont certains me sont toujours en mémoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) J’aurais préféré ne pas les citer, mais je le ferai malgré tout. Pendant les débats, un député a dit avec l’assentiment de plusieurs autres que l’avortement était comme la mort des Juifs envoyés dans les camps d’extermination. (Mme [PERSONNE] proteste.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795156",
   "speaker": "Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "quality": "Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351455",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351455"
   ],
   "order": 460,
   "text": "Depuis 1974, vous rabâchez la même chose ! Vous décrivez le développement d’un fœtus entre douze et quatorze semaines. Est-ce le lieu pour le faire et est-ce le cœur du présent débat ? Je le répète, je suis inquiète de la dérive de ces débats et je nous invite à nous recentrer que la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG et sur cette seule question. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NUPES, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 460,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351455",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N579d6c5cc73b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis 1974, vous rabâchez la même chose ! Vous décrivez le développement d’un fœtus entre douze et quatorze semaines. Est-ce le lieu pour le faire et est-ce le cœur du présent débat ? Je le répète, je suis inquiète de la dérive de ces débats et je nous invite à nous recentrer que la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG et sur cette seule question. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351457",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351457"
   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "En ce qui concerne tout d’abord le consentement, je rappelle que, dans son avis sur ce texte, « le Conseil d’État considère que la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement a pour effet de faire relever l’exercice de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse de la seule appréciation de la femme, sans autorisation d’un tiers, que ce soit le conjoint ou les titulaires de l’autorité parentale ».Ensuite, monsieur Le Fur, madame Ménard, j’aimerais savoir d’où viennent les témoignages dont vous avez fait état, car une recherche Google sur les pressions que peuvent subir les femmes qui souhaitent avorter ne nous conduit que vers des sites d’associations antichoix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et SOC.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 462,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351457",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Ne50aed506777",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ILQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En ce qui concerne tout d’abord le consentement, je rappelle que, dans son avis sur ce texte, « le Conseil d’État considère que la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement a pour effet de faire relever l’exercice de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse de la seule appréciation de la femme, sans autorisation d’un tiers, que ce soit le conjoint ou les titulaires de l’autorité parentale ».Ensuite, monsieur Le Fur, madame Ménard, j’aimerais savoir d’où viennent les témoignages dont vous avez fait état, car une recherche Google sur les pressions que peuvent subir les femmes qui souhaitent avorter ne nous conduit que vers des sites d’associations antichoix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351460"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "Voilà la réalité ! Cela participe d’ailleurs de la désinformation selon laquelle, comme vous l’avez dit, madame Blin, toute femme ayant avorté serait traumatisée.Comme une femme sur trois dans notre pays, j’ai avorté, et je ne suis pas traumatisée ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 465,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351460",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "Nca50f62ace63",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà la réalité ! Cela participe d’ailleurs de la désinformation selon laquelle, comme vous l’avez dit, madame Blin, toute femme ayant avorté serait traumatisée.Comme une femme sur trois dans notre pays, j’ai avorté, et je ne suis pas traumatisée ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351463",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351463"
   ],
   "order": 468,
   "text": "L’avortement fait partie de la vie des femmes en France, que vous le vouliez ou non. Je répéterai d’ailleurs les mots de Gisèle Halimi, lesquels doivent fortement résonner dans cet hémicycle : « Nous ne voulons pas avorter en passant à travers les mailles du filet législatif et devant des psychiatres et des juges. Nous voulons avoir le droit de le faire lorsque nous l’avons décidé, sans culpabilité, sans peur, sans honte, sans complexes. Comme des femmes libres et responsables qui décident d’elles-mêmes sans être acculées, pour le faire, à une infâme comédie. »Arrêtez d’infantiliser les femmes ! Les femmes savent ce qu’elles font et qu’elles ont le choix. Voilà la liberté que nous voulons constitutionnaliser. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – Mme Michèle Peyron applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 468,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351463",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 133,
   "annotation_id": "Neaddec807cb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’avortement fait partie de la vie des femmes en France, que vous le vouliez ou non. Je répéterai d’ailleurs les mots de Gisèle Halimi, lesquels doivent fortement résonner dans cet hémicycle : « Nous ne voulons pas avorter en passant à travers les mailles du filet législatif et devant des psychiatres et des juges. Nous voulons avoir le droit de le faire lorsque nous l’avons décidé, sans culpabilité, sans peur, sans honte, sans complexes. Comme des femmes libres et responsables qui décident d’elles-mêmes sans être acculées, pour le faire, à une infâme comédie. »Arrêtez d’infantiliser les femmes ! Les femmes savent ce qu’elles font et qu’elles ont le choix. Voilà la liberté que nous voulons constitutionnaliser. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351469",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351469"
   ],
   "order": 474,
   "text": "Cet amendement porte sur la clause de conscience : nous avons besoin de connaître vos positions, monsieur le garde des sceaux et monsieur le rapporteur. Êtes-vous pour ou contre sa suppression ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 474,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351469",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N740c82fadeae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement porte sur la clause de conscience : nous avons besoin de connaître vos positions, monsieur le garde des sceaux et monsieur le rapporteur. Êtes-vous pour ou contre sa suppression ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351471",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351471"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "Vous me répondrez que cet élément ne figure pas dans le texte. Dont acte. Cependant, tel qu’il est actuellement rédigé, celui-ci autoriserait la suppression de la clause de conscience si elle devait être votée. Une telle disposition serait conforme à la Constitution car, pour reprendre les termes du garde des sceaux, vous renforcez ici la liberté de la femme par rapport à la protection de la vie à naître.De la même manière, notre collègue Panot s’est dite favorable au droit inconditionnel à l’avortement jusqu’à neuf mois de grossesse. Dont acte. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 476,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351471",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "Nbfbfbd74bfe0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous me répondrez que cet élément ne figure pas dans le texte. Dont acte. Cependant, tel qu’il est actuellement rédigé, celui-ci autoriserait la suppression de la clause de conscience si elle devait être votée. Une telle disposition serait conforme à la Constitution car, pour reprendre les termes du garde des sceaux, vous renforcez ici la liberté de la femme par rapport à la protection de la vie à naître.De la même manière, notre collègue Panot s’est dite favorable au droit inconditionnel à l’avortement jusqu’à neuf mois de grossesse. Dont acte. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351574",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351574"
   ],
   "order": 486,
   "text": "Il faut avoir ce courage afin de concilier deux principes. Si l’on ne défend que la liberté de la femme, où sont les limites ? La protection de la vie à naître ne saurait rester du seul ressort de l’article 16 du code civil – de niveau législatif donc – car c’est aussi un principe d’ordre supérieur.Monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous rappelez les décisions du Conseil constitutionnel qui font référence à la liberté de conscience. Mais il ne s’agit pas d’une référence explicite aux clauses de conscience, qui pourraient être amputées avec la constitutionnalisation à venir. Et je ne parle pas de celle de l’IVG, mais de la liberté de la femme. C’est le chemin que vous préparez. Soyez clair !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 486,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351574",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "Nd51c6ea74b12",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut avoir ce courage afin de concilier deux principes. Si l’on ne défend que la liberté de la femme, où sont les limites ? La protection de la vie à naître ne saurait rester du seul ressort de l’article 16 du code civil – de niveau législatif donc – car c’est aussi un principe d’ordre supérieur.Monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous rappelez les décisions du Conseil constitutionnel qui font référence à la liberté de conscience. Mais il ne s’agit pas d’une référence explicite aux clauses de conscience, qui pourraient être amputées avec la constitutionnalisation à venir. Et je ne parle pas de celle de l’IVG, mais de la liberté de la femme. C’est le chemin que vous préparez. Soyez clair !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351233",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351233"
   ],
   "order": 492,
   "text": "Vous serez d’accord avec nous pour affirmer qu’en l’état du droit, les deux clauses de conscience – la clause de conscience générale et celle qui s’applique spécifiquement à l’IVG – sont inscrites dans la loi ordinaire.Pour le reste, il y a débat : si certains constitutionnalistes estiment que ces clauses sont également constitutionnellement protégées – c’est la thèse que vous semblez développer –, nous n’en avons pas la garantie. C’est pourquoi nous défendons ces amendements de précision afin que le respect de la liberté de conscience figure dans la réforme constitutionnelle. Je ne vois vraiment pas pourquoi vous vous y opposeriez !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 492,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351233",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 102,
   "annotation_id": "N8435e9ed1051",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous serez d’accord avec nous pour affirmer qu’en l’état du droit, les deux clauses de conscience – la clause de conscience générale et celle qui s’applique spécifiquement à l’IVG – sont inscrites dans la loi ordinaire.Pour le reste, il y a débat : si certains constitutionnalistes estiment que ces clauses sont également constitutionnellement protégées – c’est la thèse que vous semblez développer –, nous n’en avons pas la garantie. C’est pourquoi nous défendons ces amendements de précision afin que le respect de la liberté de conscience figure dans la réforme constitutionnelle. Je ne vois vraiment pas pourquoi vous vous y opposeriez !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351241",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351241"
   ],
   "order": 500,
   "text": "…ou de niveau constitutionnel. Mais vous conviendrez avec moi qu’il ne s’agit que d’une interprétation prétorienne puisque l’expression « liberté de conscience » n’est pas gravée dans la Constitution.C’est pourquoi nous vous proposons de faire pour la liberté de conscience ce que vous nous demandez de faire pour l’IVG, considérant – je reprends vos arguments, et vous les retourne – que la décision de 2001 ne constitue qu’une interprétation de la Constitution.Puisque vous voulez élever la liberté de recourir à l’IVG au rang constitutionnel, gravons dans les mêmes conditions la liberté de conscience dans la Constitution, et l’affaire sera réglée. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 500,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351241",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N35508dae022f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…ou de niveau constitutionnel. Mais vous conviendrez avec moi qu’il ne s’agit que d’une interprétation prétorienne puisque l’expression « liberté de conscience » n’est pas gravée dans la Constitution.C’est pourquoi nous vous proposons de faire pour la liberté de conscience ce que vous nous demandez de faire pour l’IVG, considérant – je reprends vos arguments, et vous les retourne – que la décision de 2001 ne constitue qu’une interprétation de la Constitution.Puisque vous voulez élever la liberté de recourir à l’IVG au rang constitutionnel, gravons dans les mêmes conditions la liberté de conscience dans la Constitution, et l’affaire sera réglée. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351248",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351248"
   ],
   "order": 505,
   "text": "Il s’agit également d’un amendement relatif à la clause de conscience. Dans la loi Veil, elle était sanctuarisée mais, aujourd’hui, le moins que l’on puisse dire, c’est qu’elle est menacée. Or Simone Veil elle-même le rappelait dans son discours de 1974 : « L’interruption de grossesse ne peut être pratiquée que par un médecin, comme c’est la règle dans tous les pays qui ont modifié leur législation dans ce domaine. Mais il va de soi qu’aucun médecin ou auxiliaire médical ne sera jamais tenu d’y participer. »En outre, à chaque fois qu’il a été sollicité, le Comité consultatif national d’éthique (CCNE) s’est exprimé contre la suppression de la clause de conscience spécifique des médecins, qui impose aux praticiens qui refusent l’acte, d’orienter immédiatement la patiente vers un confrère qui pourra pratiquer l’IVG.Nous l’avons rappelé à de nombreuses reprises : depuis quelques années, les avortements sont de plus en plus nombreux. Mais, au lieu de tout mettre en œuvre pour que ce nombre diminue, vous tentez d’imposer l’idée que le recours à l’IVG serait un droit absolu.Comment, dans ce cas, un médecin pourra-t-il continuer à opposer sa liberté de conscience ? Personne ne peut s’opposer à une liberté fondamentale. Aura-t-on encore seulement le droit – y compris dans cet hémicycle – de faire part de notre désaccord sur l’avortement ? La teneur de nos débats me prête à penser que non.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 505,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351248",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 230,
   "annotation_id": "N1ec7f2a820d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit également d’un amendement relatif à la clause de conscience. Dans la loi Veil, elle était sanctuarisée mais, aujourd’hui, le moins que l’on puisse dire, c’est qu’elle est menacée. Or Simone Veil elle-même le rappelait dans son discours de 1974 : « L’interruption de grossesse ne peut être pratiquée que par un médecin, comme c’est la règle dans tous les pays qui ont modifié leur législation dans ce domaine. Mais il va de soi qu’aucun médecin ou auxiliaire médical ne sera jamais tenu d’y participer. »En outre, à chaque fois qu’il a été sollicité, le Comité consultatif national d’éthique (CCNE) s’est exprimé contre la suppression de la clause de conscience spécifique des médecins, qui impose aux praticiens qui refusent l’acte, d’orienter immédiatement la patiente vers un confrère qui pourra pratiquer l’IVG.Nous l’avons rappelé à de nombreuses reprises : depuis quelques années, les avortements sont de plus en plus nombreux. Mais, au lieu de tout mettre en œuvre pour que ce nombre diminue, vous tentez d’imposer l’idée que le recours à l’IVG serait un droit absolu.Comment, dans ce cas, un médecin pourra-t-il continuer à opposer sa liberté de conscience ? Personne ne peut s’opposer à une liberté fondamentale. Aura-t-on encore seulement le droit – y compris dans cet hémicycle – de faire part de notre désaccord sur l’avortement ? La teneur de nos débats me prête à penser que non."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351253",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351253"
   ],
   "order": 510,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, pendant la discussion générale, vous avez affirmé que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ne menacerait aucune autre liberté. Vous faisiez notamment allusion à la liberté de conscience. Certes, le Conseil constitutionnel et le Conseil d’État estiment que la clause de conscience est absolue, mais – je vous ai déjà posé la question et vous ne m’avez pas répondu – la clause de conscience spécifique a déjà été attaquée à de nombreuses reprises, y compris récemment dans cet hémicycle.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 510,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351253",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Na43cd239a014",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, pendant la discussion générale, vous avez affirmé que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ne menacerait aucune autre liberté. Vous faisiez notamment allusion à la liberté de conscience. Certes, le Conseil constitutionnel et le Conseil d’État estiment que la clause de conscience est absolue, mais – je vous ai déjà posé la question et vous ne m’avez pas répondu – la clause de conscience spécifique a déjà été attaquée à de nombreuses reprises, y compris récemment dans cet hémicycle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351258"
   ],
   "order": 517,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à rappeler que, en matière d’interruption volontaire de grossesse, la clause de conscience concerne bien évidemment les médecins – on l’évoque souvent –, les sages-femmes plus encore, puisque ce beau métier consiste à accompagner la naissance, mais aussi les infirmiers, les infirmières et les auxiliaires médicaux.Monsieur le ministre, quand vous évoquez la clause de conscience pour réaffirmer son importance – cela me va bien –, vous ne visez que les médecins.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 517,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351258",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N384462d9fe9a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à rappeler que, en matière d’interruption volontaire de grossesse, la clause de conscience concerne bien évidemment les médecins – on l’évoque souvent –, les sages-femmes plus encore, puisque ce beau métier consiste à accompagner la naissance, mais aussi les infirmiers, les infirmières et les auxiliaires médicaux.Monsieur le ministre, quand vous évoquez la clause de conscience pour réaffirmer son importance – cela me va bien –, vous ne visez que les médecins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351263",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351263"
   ],
   "order": 522,
   "text": "Les responsables ne sont pas seuls concernés. Il ne faut pas oublier les personnels qui jouent un rôle plus modeste et qui ont aussi leur conscience et la volonté d’accompagner la vie à naître. Il conviendrait donc que vous en précisiez la liste exhaustive.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 522,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351263",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "Neb8fb3d4729c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les responsables ne sont pas seuls concernés. Il ne faut pas oublier les personnels qui jouent un rôle plus modeste et qui ont aussi leur conscience et la volonté d’accompagner la vie à naître. Il conviendrait donc que vous en précisiez la liste exhaustive."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351265",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351265"
   ],
   "order": 524,
   "text": "Enfin, j’attends la réponse à ma question sur le nombre de poursuites pénales engagées par les parquets à l’encontre des personnes qui forcent des jeunes femmes à recourir à l’avortement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 524,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351265",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N69a931f1b11d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "O",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin, j’attends la réponse à ma question sur le nombre de poursuites pénales engagées par les parquets à l’encontre des personnes qui forcent des jeunes femmes à recourir à l’avortement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351271",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351271"
   ],
   "order": 530,
   "text": "…en nous garantissant la préservation de clause de conscience, même après la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Vous craignez une remise en cause de l’IVG, d’où l’intégration de cette liberté dans la Constitution, mais nous ne devrions pas nous inquiéter pour la clause de conscience des professionnels du fait de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel. C’est incompréhensible.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 530,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351271",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "Nf317d9e73734",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…en nous garantissant la préservation de clause de conscience, même après la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Vous craignez une remise en cause de l’IVG, d’où l’intégration de cette liberté dans la Constitution, mais nous ne devrions pas nous inquiéter pour la clause de conscience des professionnels du fait de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel. C’est incompréhensible."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351275",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351275"
   ],
   "order": 535,
   "text": "L’acte pratiqué n’est pas sans incidence sur la femme, mais aussi sur le médecin. L’acte médical est d’autant plus lourd que le délai dans lequel on le pratique est éloigné du début de la grossesse – notamment lorsque l’on atteint quasiment quatorze semaines.Or, nous l’avons constaté à de nombreuses reprises, le Gouvernement, les députés macronistes, l’extrême gauche…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 535,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351275",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "Ne6bd4b1d69fb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’acte pratiqué n’est pas sans incidence sur la femme, mais aussi sur le médecin. L’acte médical est d’autant plus lourd que le délai dans lequel on le pratique est éloigné du début de la grossesse – notamment lorsque l’on atteint quasiment quatorze semaines.Or, nous l’avons constaté à de nombreuses reprises, le Gouvernement, les députés macronistes, l’extrême gauche…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351278",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351278"
   ],
   "order": 538,
   "text": "…et plus largement la gauche ne veulent plus de cette clause. Nos débats doivent permettre de clarifier les choses. Il faut que la clause de conscience soit inscrite dans la Constitution afin qu’elle bénéficie des mêmes garanties que l’accès à l’IVG.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 538,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351278",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nd3bd81143804",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et plus largement la gauche ne veulent plus de cette clause. Nos débats doivent permettre de clarifier les choses. Il faut que la clause de conscience soit inscrite dans la Constitution afin qu’elle bénéficie des mêmes garanties que l’accès à l’IVG."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351284",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351284"
   ],
   "order": 544,
   "text": "Nous avons déjà eu le débat et le garde des sceaux, comme moi-même, avons apporté à plusieurs reprises des éléments de réponse concrets. Vous importez dans ce débat constitutionnel des questions d’ordre législatif, d’où mon avis défavorable sur l’ensemble des amendements.En outre, madame Blin, vous entretenez une confusion sur la clause de conscience. En réalité, vous faites référence à la double clause de conscience et donc à celle, spécifique, insérée dans la loi du 17 janvier 1975.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 544,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351284",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "Ne9d7750053ec",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons déjà eu le débat et le garde des sceaux, comme moi-même, avons apporté à plusieurs reprises des éléments de réponse concrets. Vous importez dans ce débat constitutionnel des questions d’ordre législatif, d’où mon avis défavorable sur l’ensemble des amendements.En outre, madame Blin, vous entretenez une confusion sur la clause de conscience. En réalité, vous faites référence à la double clause de conscience et donc à celle, spécifique, insérée dans la loi du 17 janvier 1975."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351289",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351289"
   ],
   "order": 549,
   "text": "Enfin, vous affirmez que la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît la clause de conscience. Ce n’est pas exactement cela : le Conseil constitutionnel ne reconnaît pas l’IVG comme une liberté mais, s’appuyant sur l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, il reconnaît la liberté de conscience comme une liberté fondamentale.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 549,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351289",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Nb8ed845f71f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin, vous affirmez que la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît la clause de conscience. Ce n’est pas exactement cela : le Conseil constitutionnel ne reconnaît pas l’IVG comme une liberté mais, s’appuyant sur l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, il reconnaît la liberté de conscience comme une liberté fondamentale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351291",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351291"
   ],
   "order": 551,
   "text": "La clause de conscience, notamment la clause générale, est donc bien constitutionnellement protégée et, monsieur Le Fur, elle concerne l’ensemble des soignants.Je n’ai pas la réponse à votre question concernant l’application de l’article 223-10 du code pénal, et je m’en excuse, mais j’ai noté ce point et j’essaierai de vous faire le plus rapidement possible un retour sur le nombre de condamnations ou, au moins, le nombre de plaintes déposées.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 551,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351291",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "Ne390e7c36c82",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La clause de conscience, notamment la clause générale, est donc bien constitutionnellement protégée et, monsieur Le Fur, elle concerne l’ensemble des soignants.Je n’ai pas la réponse à votre question concernant l’application de l’article 223-10 du code pénal, et je m’en excuse, mais j’ai noté ce point et j’essaierai de vous faire le plus rapidement possible un retour sur le nombre de condamnations ou, au moins, le nombre de plaintes déposées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351303",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351303"
   ],
   "order": 563,
   "text": "Soyons sérieux ! La décision du 27 juin 2001 protège tous ceux qui peuvent exprimer un refus au titre de leur clause de conscience. C’est la dernière fois que je le répète : cette décision se fonde sur l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 563,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351303",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "Naf047f283eb4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Soyons sérieux ! La décision du 27 juin 2001 protège tous ceux qui peuvent exprimer un refus au titre de leur clause de conscience. C’est la dernière fois que je le répète : cette décision se fonde sur l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351305",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351305"
   ],
   "order": 566,
   "text": "Monsieur Gosselin, n’allez pas dire dans deux minutes que je ne l’ai pas expliqué ! C’est donc un principe fondamental reconnu par les lois de la République, qui a aussi valeur constitutionnelle – selon la terminologie consacrée. Ce n’est donc pas rien !Enfin, monsieur le président Marleix, madame Blin, le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa décision du 27 juillet 1994, considère qu’il ressort du préambule de la Constitution de 1946 que « la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme d’asservissement et de dégradation est un principe à valeur constitutionnelle ».",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 566,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351305",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "Nf5b1f52eb2a9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Gosselin, n’allez pas dire dans deux minutes que je ne l’ai pas expliqué ! C’est donc un principe fondamental reconnu par les lois de la République, qui a aussi valeur constitutionnelle – selon la terminologie consacrée. Ce n’est donc pas rien !Enfin, monsieur le président Marleix, madame Blin, le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa décision du 27 juillet 1994, considère qu’il ressort du préambule de la Constitution de 1946 que « la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme d’asservissement et de dégradation est un principe à valeur constitutionnelle »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351311",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351311"
   ],
   "order": 573,
   "text": "La loi Veil est certes une très grande loi, mais, demain, il sera possible de la modifier par une autre loi. C’est pourquoi nous plaidons pour une protection constitutionnelle.En effet, nous avons constaté ensemble – j’en ai égrainé les raisons en long, en large et en travers et le Sénat et l’Assemblée l’ont voté – que…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 573,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351311",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "Nefc032630736",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La loi Veil est certes une très grande loi, mais, demain, il sera possible de la modifier par une autre loi. C’est pourquoi nous plaidons pour une protection constitutionnelle.En effet, nous avons constaté ensemble – j’en ai égrainé les raisons en long, en large et en travers et le Sénat et l’Assemblée l’ont voté – que…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351936",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351936"
   ],
   "order": 576,
   "text": "D’accord, mais cela va dans le même sens ! Vous pouvez me dire tout ce que vous voulez mais… (Mme Anne-Laure Blin s’exclame.) Bon, madame, écoutez : c’est la dernière fois que je m’exprime sur ce point. J’ai tout fait pour porter une grande attention à vos questions,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 576,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351936",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "Na78319d54af2",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "D’accord, mais cela va dans le même sens ! Vous pouvez me dire tout ce que vous voulez mais… (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Bon, madame, écoutez : c’est la dernière fois que je m’exprime sur ce point. J’ai tout fait pour porter une grande attention à vos questions,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351938",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351938"
   ],
   "order": 579,
   "text": "…aux réserves, notamment philosophiques, que vous avez exprimées et que j’entends, pour me mettre à votre écoute, et pour vous répondre mais… (Mme Anne-Laure Blin s’exclame de nouveau) – écoutez-moi deux minutes ! – ce que nous constatons, après une analyse fine du Conseil d’État, que j’ai évoquée à de très nombreuses reprises,… (Mme Nadia Hai s’exclame) – madame Hai, attendez un instant – c’est que ce texte, que…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 579,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351938",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N907ac1d08f4d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…aux réserves, notamment philosophiques, que vous avez exprimées et que j’entends, pour me mettre à votre écoute, et pour vous répondre mais… (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame de nouveau) – écoutez-moi deux minutes ! – ce que nous constatons, après une analyse fine du Conseil d’État, que j’ai évoquée à de très nombreuses reprises,… (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame) – madame Hai, attendez un instant – c’est que ce texte, que…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351939",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351939"
   ],
   "order": 580,
   "text": "Ils ne sont pas très attentifs, à côté de vous ! (M. Marc Le Fur désigne Mme Nadia Hai. – M. le garde des sceaux s’interrompt et se rassoit. – Exclamations sur de nombreux bancs.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 580,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351939",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N674ba43358eb",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ils ne sont pas très attentifs, à côté de vous ! (M. [PERSONNE] désigne Mme [PERSONNE]. – M. le garde des sceaux s’interrompt et se rassoit. – Exclamations sur de nombreux bancs.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351944",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351944"
   ],
   "order": 585,
   "text": "Vous avez évoqué à de nombreuses reprises les praticiens et les autres professionnels de santé amenés à prendre en charge des interruptions volontaires de grossesse. J’en fais partie et, même si je n’exerce plus, je connais bien le sujet.La loi Veil a permis de sortir d’une période obscurantiste où les avortements étaient pratiqués dans des conditions sordides et pouvaient entraîner des complications, des hémorragies et des morts. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES, Dem, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)Nous voulons éviter que, dans l’avenir, des femmes se retrouvent de nouveau dans ces situations dangereuses parce qu’on aurait attenté à leur liberté d’interrompre une grossesse.Dans les conditions définies par la loi Veil, un avortement est un acte chirurgical réalisé en chirurgie réglée, sous anesthésie, dans un bloc opératoire, ce qui garantit une sécurité et une asepsie optimales. Il est précédé d’une consultation avec le praticien chargé d’opérer la patiente et d’une autre avec l’anesthésiste qui l’endormira, qui informent cette dernière des risques et des complications possibles. La loi impose aussi que le consentement éclairé de la patiente soit recueilli sous la forme d’un document signé. Ce que vous demandiez tout à l’heure existe donc déjà,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 585,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351944",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 194,
   "annotation_id": "N5293a2d7290d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez évoqué à de nombreuses reprises les praticiens et les autres professionnels de santé amenés à prendre en charge des interruptions volontaires de grossesse. J’en fais partie et, même si je n’exerce plus, je connais bien le sujet.La loi Veil a permis de sortir d’une période obscurantiste où les avortements étaient pratiqués dans des conditions sordides et pouvaient entraîner des complications, des hémorragies et des morts. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE], Dem, [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Nous voulons éviter que, dans l’avenir, des femmes se retrouvent de nouveau dans ces situations dangereuses parce qu’on aurait attenté à leur liberté d’interrompre une grossesse.Dans les conditions définies par la loi Veil, un avortement est un acte chirurgical réalisé en chirurgie réglée, sous anesthésie, dans un bloc opératoire, ce qui garantit une sécurité et une asepsie optimales. Il est précédé d’une consultation avec le praticien chargé d’opérer la patiente et d’une autre avec l’anesthésiste qui l’endormira, qui informent cette dernière des risques et des complications possibles. La loi impose aussi que le consentement éclairé de la patiente soit recueilli sous la forme d’un document signé. Ce que vous demandiez tout à l’heure existe donc déjà,…"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
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   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351950",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351950"
   ],
   "order": 591,
   "text": "…la loi l’impose, il n’est donc pas nécessaire d’en faire des tonnes.Quant à la clause de conscience, il s’agit d’une liberté conférée au praticien par la loi. Il exerce en effet un métier qui soulève des difficultés car il implique de toucher à l’intégrité du corps humain. C’est une transgression d’une des premières lois de l’humanité : avant l’apparition de la chirurgie, seuls les bourreaux étaient autorisés à attenter à l’intégrité d’une personne. La loi permet donc à un praticien, pour des raisons de conscience qu’il n’a pas à justifier, de se retirer et de ne pas pratiquer l’acte qui lui pose problème.Si un praticien ne souhaite pas pratiquer un acte, il peut, assez rapidement, pour que les délais soient respectés, confier la patiente à un collègue acceptant de l’opérer.Nous pourrions discuter des heures de consentement, de la clause de conscience et d’autres points ; s’il faut inscrire dans la Constitution la possibilité pour les femmes d’interrompre volontairement leur grossesse dans de très bonnes conditions, c’est pour que des personnes malveillantes, dans l’avenir, ne puissent pas revenir en arrière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 591,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351950",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 199,
   "annotation_id": "Ne799c14bfe8d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…la loi l’impose, il n’est donc pas nécessaire d’en faire des tonnes.Quant à la clause de conscience, il s’agit d’une liberté conférée au praticien par la loi. Il exerce en effet un métier qui soulève des difficultés car il implique de toucher à l’intégrité du corps humain. C’est une transgression d’une des premières lois de l’humanité : avant l’apparition de la chirurgie, seuls les bourreaux étaient autorisés à attenter à l’intégrité d’une personne. La loi permet donc à un praticien, pour des raisons de conscience qu’il n’a pas à justifier, de se retirer et de ne pas pratiquer l’acte qui lui pose problème.Si un praticien ne souhaite pas pratiquer un acte, il peut, assez rapidement, pour que les délais soient respectés, confier la patiente à un collègue acceptant de l’opérer.Nous pourrions discuter des heures de consentement, de la clause de conscience et d’autres points ; s’il faut inscrire dans la Constitution la possibilité pour les femmes d’interrompre volontairement leur grossesse dans de très bonnes conditions, c’est pour que des personnes malveillantes, dans l’avenir, ne puissent pas revenir en arrière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et Dem, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351956",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351956"
   ],
   "order": 597,
   "text": "L’expression « clause de conscience » n’apparaît nulle part dans la loi Veil. Cette dernière précise simplement qu’un professionnel de santé qui aurait à pratiquer un avortement peut refuser de le faire si sa conscience lui commande de ne pas le faire.J’insiste sur ce point puisque nous en sommes à des considérations techniques. Certains de mes collègues – et leurs inquiétudes s’entendent – veulent introduire la clause de conscience dans la Constitution, en parallèle de ce que vous proposez, pour la garantir. Or, je le répète, cette expression ne figure pas telle quelle dans la loi Veil, même si la notion en découle.Ce que la loi Veil protège, c’est la liberté de conscience et non la clause de conscience, qui n’en est qu’une déclinaison. Vous serez peut-être surpris de me voir abonder dans le sens de M. le garde des sceaux : la liberté de conscience n’est pas uniquement garantie par des décisions constitutionnelles ayant trait à l’IVG.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 597,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351956",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 158,
   "annotation_id": "N780793b59a20",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’expression « clause de conscience » n’apparaît nulle part dans la loi Veil. Cette dernière précise simplement qu’un professionnel de santé qui aurait à pratiquer un avortement peut refuser de le faire si sa conscience lui commande de ne pas le faire.J’insiste sur ce point puisque nous en sommes à des considérations techniques. Certains de mes collègues – et leurs inquiétudes s’entendent – veulent introduire la clause de conscience dans la Constitution, en parallèle de ce que vous proposez, pour la garantir. Or, je le répète, cette expression ne figure pas telle quelle dans la loi Veil, même si la notion en découle.Ce que la loi Veil protège, c’est la liberté de conscience et non la clause de conscience, qui n’en est qu’une déclinaison. Vous serez peut-être surpris de me voir abonder dans le sens de M. le garde des sceaux : la liberté de conscience n’est pas uniquement garantie par des décisions constitutionnelles ayant trait à l’IVG."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351960",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351960"
   ],
   "order": 601,
   "text": "La liberté de conscience, ou la clause de conscience, comme vous voudrez, ne s’applique pas seulement aux médecins ayant à pratiquer une IVG, mais à tous les professionnels – aux journalistes, par exemple – qui ne voudraient pas appliquer une directive qui leur aurait été donnée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 601,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351960",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 46,
   "annotation_id": "N6a9d1dcb6a47",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La liberté de conscience, ou la clause de conscience, comme vous voudrez, ne s’applique pas seulement aux médecins ayant à pratiquer une IVG, mais à tous les professionnels – aux journalistes, par exemple – qui ne voudraient pas appliquer une directive qui leur aurait été donnée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720100",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Pradié",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Pradié",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351962",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351962"
   ],
   "order": 603,
   "text": "Cette garantie de conscience, si j’ose dire, bénéficie d’une forte protection constitutionnelle car elle concerne toutes les activités professionnelles. Elle est garantie par des moyens bien plus nombreux que ceux dont jouira l’IVG en étant inscrite dans la Constitution.Ce qui est fondamental, ce n’est donc pas d’inscrire la clause de conscience dans la Constitution mais, comme nos collègues l’ont demandé, d’avoir la garantie absolue que chaque praticien aura la possibilité de pratiquer un avortement ou de refuser de le faire, en accord avec sa conscience.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 603,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351962",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Nb13c85c9588a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cette garantie de conscience, si j’ose dire, bénéficie d’une forte protection constitutionnelle car elle concerne toutes les activités professionnelles. Elle est garantie par des moyens bien plus nombreux que ceux dont jouira l’IVG en étant inscrite dans la Constitution.Ce qui est fondamental, ce n’est donc pas d’inscrire la clause de conscience dans la Constitution mais, comme nos collègues l’ont demandé, d’avoir la garantie absolue que chaque praticien aura la possibilité de pratiquer un avortement ou de refuser de le faire, en accord avec sa conscience."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351966",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351966"
   ],
   "order": 607,
   "text": "Deux clauses de conscience existent aujourd’hui : l’une est d’ordre réglementaire et s’applique à tous les médecins – c’est une disposition de l’article R. 4127-47 du code de la santé publique –, et l’autre, qui concerne spécifiquement l’IVG, est d’ordre législatif et figure à l’article L. 2212-8 du code de la santé publique – elle ne s’applique pas seulement aux médecins, mais aussi aux infirmiers et à l’ensemble des auxiliaires médicaux.La protection de ces clauses de conscience a une base constitutionnelle. Vous l’avez indiqué, et je reprends exactement vos termes. Cette protection constitutionnelle se fonde notamment sur la liberté de conscience.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 607,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351966",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "N0c3c856554c6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Deux clauses de conscience existent aujourd’hui : l’une est d’ordre réglementaire et s’applique à tous les médecins – c’est une disposition de l’article R. 4127-47 du code de la santé publique –, et l’autre, qui concerne spécifiquement l’IVG, est d’ordre législatif et figure à l’article L. 2212-8 du code de la santé publique – elle ne s’applique pas seulement aux médecins, mais aussi aux infirmiers et à l’ensemble des auxiliaires médicaux.La protection de ces clauses de conscience a une base constitutionnelle. Vous l’avez indiqué, et je reprends exactement vos termes. Cette protection constitutionnelle se fonde notamment sur la liberté de conscience."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351972",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351972"
   ],
   "order": 613,
   "text": "La liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG intégrera le bloc de constitutionnalité !Dites-moi si ce n’est pas le cas. Il y aura bien deux niveaux constitutionnels, avec d’un côté la liberté de la femme… (M. le garde des sceaux proteste.)On opposera donc devant le Conseil constitutionnel des principes de même niveau constitutionnel. Il y aura donc nécessairement un changement. Si vous me dites le contraire, monsieur le garde des sceaux, nous sommes en désaccord sur l’analyse juridique de la situation. La base constitutionnelle sera modifiée par cette révision de la Constitution,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 613,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351972",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "Nd00bd1ea174d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG intégrera le bloc de constitutionnalité !Dites-moi si ce n’est pas le cas. Il y aura bien deux niveaux constitutionnels, avec d’un côté la liberté de la femme… (M. le garde des sceaux proteste.)On opposera donc devant le Conseil constitutionnel des principes de même niveau constitutionnel. Il y aura donc nécessairement un changement. Si vous me dites le contraire, monsieur le garde des sceaux, nous sommes en désaccord sur l’analyse juridique de la situation. La base constitutionnelle sera modifiée par cette révision de la Constitution,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351976",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351976"
   ],
   "order": 617,
   "text": "…ou alors cette dernière n’est d’aucune utilité. Il est évident que cela aura des conséquences : la liberté de la femme sera renforcée, donc quand la clause de conscience sera remise en question, elle ne sera plus protégée par la liberté de conscience, ou, du moins elle le sera dans une moindre mesure.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 617,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351976",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "Nc4c0d0330f9e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…ou alors cette dernière n’est d’aucune utilité. Il est évident que cela aura des conséquences : la liberté de la femme sera renforcée, donc quand la clause de conscience sera remise en question, elle ne sera plus protégée par la liberté de conscience, ou, du moins elle le sera dans une moindre mesure."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "garde des sceaux",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351980",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351980"
   ],
   "order": 621,
   "text": "Pensez-vous en toute franchise que la valeur et la portée de l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen peuvent être ainsi amoindries ? Enfin, ce n’est pas sérieux, monsieur le député ! (M. Xavier Breton proteste.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 621,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351980",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Na24f3a5a877b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pensez-vous en toute franchise que la valeur et la portée de l’article 10 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen peuvent être ainsi amoindries ? Enfin, ce n’est pas sérieux, monsieur le député ! (M. [PERSONNE] proteste.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351987",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351987"
   ],
   "order": 628,
   "text": "Nous proposons de compléter l’article unique par les mots : « ainsi que les conditions dans lesquelles est assurée l’information concernant les différentes méthodes de contraception existantes ».Par cet amendement, les députés du groupe Les Républicains entendent renforcer et améliorer l’information relative aux différents moyens de contraception dont disposent les personnes – j’emploie ce terme à dessein car il me semble essentiel que les hommes et les femmes bénéficient du même niveau d’information.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "153",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 628,
   "amendments": [
    "153"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351987",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N3df97fadbc6f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons de compléter l’article unique par les mots : « ainsi que les conditions dans lesquelles est assurée l’information concernant les différentes méthodes de contraception existantes ».Par cet amendement, les députés du groupe [GROUPE] entendent renforcer et améliorer l’information relative aux différents moyens de contraception dont disposent les personnes – j’emploie ce terme à dessein car il me semble essentiel que les hommes et les femmes bénéficient du même niveau d’information."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351992",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351992"
   ],
   "order": 633,
   "text": "…en faisant voter la légalisation de la pilule contraceptive en décembre 1967, sur proposition du député gaulliste de la Loire Lucien Neuwirth. Jacques Chirac et Simone Veil ont pour leur part instauré le remboursement de la pilule en 1974.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "153",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 633,
   "amendments": [
    "153"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351992",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N2996668b76c2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…en faisant voter la légalisation de la pilule contraceptive en décembre 1967, sur proposition du député gaulliste de la Loire Lucien Neuwirth. Jacques Chirac et Simone Veil ont pour leur part instauré le remboursement de la pilule en 1974."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351994",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3351994"
   ],
   "order": 635,
   "text": "Permettez-moi de revenir sur la notion de liberté éclairée. Cette liberté, c’est celle qui nous élève et ne nous place jamais dans une situation de non-choix. Or l’IVG est toujours une situation de non-choix. Les femmes et les hommes doivent connaître et maîtriser le fonctionnement de la fécondité et du corps des femmes.Les méthodes contraceptives, aujourd’hui trop nombreuses pour être énumérées, concernent aujourd’hui les femmes mais aussi les hommes. Depuis quelques années, nous traversons une crise de confiance autour de la pilule ; un travail commun est à mener sur ce sujet. C’est essentiel car la liberté fondamentale de la femme à disposer de son corps, c’est avant tout celle de choisir si elle souhaite tomber enceinte ou non, pas de se retrouver dans une situation où elle est contrainte de décider si elle doit avorter ou non. Même si l’avortement peut causer un sentiment de soulagement – j’ai bien entendu Mme Panot –, il s’agit toujours d’une décision difficile, qui marque à vie.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "153",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 635,
   "amendments": [
    "153"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3351994",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 164,
   "annotation_id": "Ncefd53be5ee7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi de revenir sur la notion de liberté éclairée. Cette liberté, c’est celle qui nous élève et ne nous place jamais dans une situation de non-choix. Or l’IVG est toujours une situation de non-choix. Les femmes et les hommes doivent connaître et maîtriser le fonctionnement de la fécondité et du corps des femmes.Les méthodes contraceptives, aujourd’hui trop nombreuses pour être énumérées, concernent aujourd’hui les femmes mais aussi les hommes. Depuis quelques années, nous traversons une crise de confiance autour de la pilule ; un travail commun est à mener sur ce sujet. C’est essentiel car la liberté fondamentale de la femme à disposer de son corps, c’est avant tout celle de choisir si elle souhaite tomber enceinte ou non, pas de se retrouver dans une situation où elle est contrainte de décider si elle doit avorter ou non. Même si l’avortement peut causer un sentiment de soulagement – j’ai bien entendu Mme Panot –, il s’agit toujours d’une décision difficile, qui marque à vie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352000",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352000"
   ],
   "order": 643,
   "text": "Permettez-moi d’ajouter qu’à force de parler de liberté, on risque de faire croire aux femmes qu’elles exercent une maîtrise absolue sur leur corps et sur leurs choix. Or, on le sait, à partir de 35 ans, la nature se fait beaucoup plus dure avec les femmes : il leur devient alors plus difficile d’exercer ce droit effectif et de tomber enceintes si elles le désirent. Or pouvoir être mère est un droit essentiel de la femme. (M. Olivier Marleix applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "153",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 643,
   "amendments": [
    "153"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352000",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "Nbe1211c97ffb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi d’ajouter qu’à force de parler de liberté, on risque de faire croire aux femmes qu’elles exercent une maîtrise absolue sur leur corps et sur leurs choix. Or, on le sait, à partir de 35 ans, la nature se fait beaucoup plus dure avec les femmes : il leur devient alors plus difficile d’exercer ce droit effectif et de tomber enceintes si elles le désirent. Or pouvoir être mère est un droit essentiel de la femme. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352002",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352002"
   ],
   "order": 645,
   "text": "Cet amendement de groupe présenté par notre collègue Émilie Bonnivard et relatif à un mécanisme d’information ne relève pas, d’après moi, du champ constitutionnel, mais davantage du champ réglementaire.Par ailleurs, comme je l’ai dit à propos d’autres amendements qui touchaient à la garantie ou à la reconnaissance de la garantie de l’accès à la contraception, il faut prendre garde à ne pas confondre ou mélanger ces deux sujets, ce qui pourrait rendre l’objectif visé et la rédaction proposée ambigus et incertains. Je demande par conséquent le retrait de l’amendement, faute de quoi j’émettrai un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 645,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352002",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 96,
   "annotation_id": "N49d945fc08be",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement de groupe présenté par notre collègue [PERSONNE] et relatif à un mécanisme d’information ne relève pas, d’après moi, du champ constitutionnel, mais davantage du champ réglementaire.Par ailleurs, comme je l’ai dit à propos d’autres amendements qui touchaient à la garantie ou à la reconnaissance de la garantie de l’accès à la contraception, il faut prendre garde à ne pas confondre ou mélanger ces deux sujets, ce qui pourrait rendre l’objectif visé et la rédaction proposée ambigus et incertains. Je demande par conséquent le retrait de l’amendement, faute de quoi j’émettrai un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352009",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352009"
   ],
   "order": 652,
   "text": "Alors que je m’apprête à voter cette loi de compromis – la rédaction proposée par le Sénat est déjà un compromis –, je souhaiterais que nous fassions en sorte de rehausser le niveau d’information en matière de contraception. Il faut que la liberté de la femme de disposer de son corps et de ne pas subir ce qu’elle ne souhaite pas subir soit réelle et absolue.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 652,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352009",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N94690f2deeb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que je m’apprête à voter cette loi de compromis – la rédaction proposée par le Sénat est déjà un compromis –, je souhaiterais que nous fassions en sorte de rehausser le niveau d’information en matière de contraception. Il faut que la liberté de la femme de disposer de son corps et de ne pas subir ce qu’elle ne souhaite pas subir soit réelle et absolue."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352013",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352013"
   ],
   "order": 656,
   "text": "Votée en 2001, elle n’est toujours pas appliquée correctement puisque seuls 15 % des élèves bénéficient des trois séances annuelles d’éducation à la vie affective et sexuelle auxquelles ils devraient avoir droit au cours de leur scolarité. Ces séances permettent pourtant aux enfants puis aux adolescents d’avoir accès aux informations relatives à la contraception et au consentement, et favorisent un travail autour de l’égalité entre les personnes.Je me permets de le répéter parce que c’est très important : la question de l’éducation est fondamentale à chaque fois qu’il est question du recours à l’avortement.Or de récents rapports montrent que le sexisme, chez les jeunes, augmente à nouveau, prenant notamment la forme de clichés, alors que ces cours d’éducation à la vie affective et sexuelle, qui sont pourtant primordiaux, j’y insiste, ne sont pas assurés. Nous demandons donc que cette loi soit appliquée, comme le font les représentants d’associations présents dans les tribunes du public – associations qui ont lancé une plainte contre l’État à cet effet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – Mme Fatiha Keloua Hachi applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 656,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352013",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 180,
   "annotation_id": "N1f4fcd0885c4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votée en 2001, elle n’est toujours pas appliquée correctement puisque seuls 15 % des élèves bénéficient des trois séances annuelles d’éducation à la vie affective et sexuelle auxquelles ils devraient avoir droit au cours de leur scolarité. Ces séances permettent pourtant aux enfants puis aux adolescents d’avoir accès aux informations relatives à la contraception et au consentement, et favorisent un travail autour de l’égalité entre les personnes.Je me permets de le répéter parce que c’est très important : la question de l’éducation est fondamentale à chaque fois qu’il est question du recours à l’avortement.Or de récents rapports montrent que le sexisme, chez les jeunes, augmente à nouveau, prenant notamment la forme de clichés, alors que ces cours d’éducation à la vie affective et sexuelle, qui sont pourtant primordiaux, j’y insiste, ne sont pas assurés. Nous demandons donc que cette loi soit appliquée, comme le font les représentants d’associations présents dans les tribunes du public – associations qui ont lancé une plainte contre l’État à cet effet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352191",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352191"
   ],
   "order": 662,
   "text": "Il revient sur la clause de conscience. Je me permets de rappeler la différence entre la clause de conscience générale et celle qui est spécifique à l’IVG. Je ne voudrais pas, au prétexte d’une décision du Conseil d’État, que cette dernière passe à la trappe. (M. le garde des sceaux fait non de la tête.)Ces deux clauses de conscience ne profitent pas exactement aux mêmes bénéficiaires : la clause générale protège les médecins, les sages-femmes et les infirmiers, alors que l’ensemble du personnel médical bénéficie de la clause spécifique. Les deux clauses ne couvrent pas non plus le même champ : la clause spécifique établit un principe absolu, alors que la clause générale prévoit une exception et ne peut être invoquée en cas d’urgence. Enfin, elles n’ont pas non plus la même valeur juridique puisque l’une est consacrée par la loi, alors que l’autre l’est par un règlement – elle est donc juridiquement inférieure.Je tenais à rappeler cette distinction, que notre collègue, médecin de profession, n’a pas faite quand il a évoqué la clause de conscience.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 662,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352191",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 176,
   "annotation_id": "Ne6d0b3063cd0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il revient sur la clause de conscience. Je me permets de rappeler la différence entre la clause de conscience générale et celle qui est spécifique à l’IVG. Je ne voudrais pas, au prétexte d’une décision du Conseil d’État, que cette dernière passe à la trappe. (M. le garde des sceaux fait non de la tête.)Ces deux clauses de conscience ne profitent pas exactement aux mêmes bénéficiaires : la clause générale protège les médecins, les sages-femmes et les infirmiers, alors que l’ensemble du personnel médical bénéficie de la clause spécifique. Les deux clauses ne couvrent pas non plus le même champ : la clause spécifique établit un principe absolu, alors que la clause générale prévoit une exception et ne peut être invoquée en cas d’urgence. Enfin, elles n’ont pas non plus la même valeur juridique puisque l’une est consacrée par la loi, alors que l’autre l’est par un règlement – elle est donc juridiquement inférieure.Je tenais à rappeler cette distinction, que notre collègue, médecin de profession, n’a pas faite quand il a évoqué la clause de conscience."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352196",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352196"
   ],
   "order": 667,
   "text": "L’intention du constituant doit être sans équivoque. Cet amendement a pour objectif de proposer une autre formulation pour la liberté de conscience. Considérons-le comme défendu, puisque nous avons déjà eu ce débat ; nous n’allons pas remettre cent balles – si j’ose dire – dans la machine !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 667,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352196",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N4858779231a3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’intention du constituant doit être sans équivoque. Cet amendement a pour objectif de proposer une autre formulation pour la liberté de conscience. Considérons-le comme défendu, puisque nous avons déjà eu ce débat ; nous n’allons pas remettre cent balles – si j’ose dire – dans la machine !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352205",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352205"
   ],
   "order": 676,
   "text": "Le présent amendement vise à faire figurer dans le texte la distinction entre l’IVG et l’IMG. En effet, certains militent pour un avortement inconditionnel qui ne reprendrait ni le terme « volontaire » ni le terme « médicale », au nom de la liberté absolue de la femme.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 676,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352205",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N889aab5db12c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le présent amendement vise à faire figurer dans le texte la distinction entre l’IVG et l’IMG. En effet, certains militent pour un avortement inconditionnel qui ne reprendrait ni le terme « volontaire » ni le terme « médicale », au nom de la liberté absolue de la femme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352210",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352210"
   ],
   "order": 681,
   "text": "L’examen de ce texte s’inscrit dans un contexte d’évolution de la législation relative à l’interruption de la grossesse. La question est claire : oui ou non, condamnez-vous les idées promouvant l’interruption de grossesse jusqu’au neuvième mois sans motifs médicaux ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 681,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352210",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "Ne239d9da780b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’examen de ce texte s’inscrit dans un contexte d’évolution de la législation relative à l’interruption de la grossesse. La question est claire : oui ou non, condamnez-vous les idées promouvant l’interruption de grossesse jusqu’au neuvième mois sans motifs médicaux ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352212",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352212"
   ],
   "order": 684,
   "text": "Nous ne vous avons pas entendu, monsieur le garde des sceaux ; nous en concluons que vous êtes d’accord, sinon vous auriez clairement dit le contraire. Quant à nous, nous assumons y être opposés. M. le rapporteur est-il également d’accord ? (M. le rapporteur fait non de la tête.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 684,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352212",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "N96dbf7791d45",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne vous avons pas entendu, monsieur le garde des sceaux ; nous en concluons que vous êtes d’accord, sinon vous auriez clairement dit le contraire. Quant à nous, nous assumons y être opposés. M. le rapporteur est-il également d’accord ? (M. le rapporteur fait non de la tête.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352219",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352219"
   ],
   "order": 691,
   "text": "Il vise à apporter une précision. L’équilibre trouvé à l’époque de l’adoption de la loi Veil, grâce aux critères médicaux et aux délais, tenait compte de la protection de la vie à naître.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 691,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352219",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N2bf5bd4329ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "A",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à apporter une précision. L’équilibre trouvé à l’époque de l’adoption de la loi Veil, grâce aux critères médicaux et aux délais, tenait compte de la protection de la vie à naître."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352221",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352221"
   ],
   "order": 693,
   "text": "La question des délais est importante parce qu’un embryon n’est pas un fœtus, pas plus qu’un fœtus de dix semaines n’est un fœtus de seize semaines. Quant aux critères médicaux, ils permettent de justifier une interruption de grossesse jusqu’au neuvième mois si la santé de la femme ou de l’enfant est en jeu.Monsieur le ministre, monsieur le rapporteur, nous souhaiterions que vous vous leviez pour déclarer : « Nous sommes contre une interruption de grossesse inconditionnelle jusqu’au neuvième mois. » (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes RE, LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 693,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352221",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "N3f7ac8879a56",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La question des délais est importante parce qu’un embryon n’est pas un fœtus, pas plus qu’un fœtus de dix semaines n’est un fœtus de seize semaines. Quant aux critères médicaux, ils permettent de justifier une interruption de grossesse jusqu’au neuvième mois si la santé de la femme ou de l’enfant est en jeu.Monsieur le ministre, monsieur le rapporteur, nous souhaiterions que vous vous leviez pour déclarer : « Nous sommes contre une interruption de grossesse inconditionnelle jusqu’au neuvième mois. » (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352230",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352230"
   ],
   "order": 705,
   "text": "Il vise à distinguer l’IVG de l’IMG dans le projet de loi. J’en profite pour communiquer un chiffre à Mme Panot : en 2020, un sondage indiquait que 92 % des personnes interrogées considéraient qu’un avortement laisse des traces psychologiques difficiles à vivre pour les femmes ; elles étaient 89 % en 2016.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 705,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352230",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "N866357e4da75",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à distinguer l’IVG de l’IMG dans le projet de loi. J’en profite pour communiquer un chiffre à Mme Panot : en 2020, un sondage indiquait que 92 % des personnes interrogées considéraient qu’un avortement laisse des traces psychologiques difficiles à vivre pour les femmes ; elles étaient 89 % en 2016."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352233",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352233"
   ],
   "order": 710,
   "text": "Il est défavorable sur tous les amendements en discussion commune. J’avais promis à Mme Bonnivard une clarification : le cadre législatif distingue très clairement l’IVG de l’IMG. Cette révision constitutionnelle reconnaît et protège la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, avec une rédaction plus précise que celle du Sénat, qui parlait de « mettre fin à la grossesse ». Dans le présent texte figure le terme juridique et technique d’interruption volontaire de grossesse. La législation en vigueur n’est donc aucunement remise en question ici.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 710,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352233",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "Na9823a618bd5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est défavorable sur tous les amendements en discussion commune. J’avais promis à Mme Bonnivard une clarification : le cadre législatif distingue très clairement l’IVG de l’IMG. Cette révision constitutionnelle reconnaît et protège la liberté de recourir à l’IVG, avec une rédaction plus précise que celle du Sénat, qui parlait de « mettre fin à la grossesse ». Dans le présent texte figure le terme juridique et technique d’interruption volontaire de grossesse. La législation en vigueur n’est donc aucunement remise en question ici."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352238",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352238"
   ],
   "order": 715,
   "text": "Il y a quelques années, la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG avait été évoquée et je n’y étais pas favorable. Différentes interventions, ainsi que des évolutions dans des pays voisins m’ont conduit à me rallier à cette idée.Quand j’entends vos propos, monsieur Breton, évoquant la possibilité d’avorter à neuf mois,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 715,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352238",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N6a33066ec7a1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a quelques années, la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG avait été évoquée et je n’y étais pas favorable. Différentes interventions, ainsi que des évolutions dans des pays voisins m’ont conduit à me rallier à cette idée.Quand j’entends vos propos, monsieur Breton, évoquant la possibilité d’avorter à neuf mois,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352241",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352241"
   ],
   "order": 718,
   "text": "…j’ai presque envie de vomir ! Je ne sais pas si vous mesurez la violence de ces propos ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE et sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 718,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352241",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nb06e799ea7e7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…j’ai presque envie de vomir ! Je ne sais pas si vous mesurez la violence de ces propos ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE et sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352243",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352243"
   ],
   "order": 720,
   "text": "Vous nous fournissez tous les arguments en faveur de la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG et j’en profite pour remercier ceux qui l’ont lancée ; je ne mesurais pas à quel point de telles idées pouvaient encore être partagées ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, RE, LFI-NUPES, SOC et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 720,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352243",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N32f8b25ea998",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous nous fournissez tous les arguments en faveur de la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG et j’en profite pour remercier ceux qui l’ont lancée ; je ne mesurais pas à quel point de telles idées pouvaient encore être partagées ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, RE, [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352247",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352247"
   ],
   "order": 724,
   "text": "L’IVG aura une valeur constitutionnelle, contrairement à l’IMG. C’est un vrai sujet ! Vous n’accordez pas une valeur constitutionnelle à l’IMG, alors que la vie de la mère peut être mise en danger.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 724,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352247",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nc934ae34b1c0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’IVG aura une valeur constitutionnelle, contrairement à l’IMG. C’est un vrai sujet ! Vous n’accordez pas une valeur constitutionnelle à l’IMG, alors que la vie de la mère peut être mise en danger."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352254",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352254"
   ],
   "order": 732,
   "text": "Madame Ménard, lorsque vous citez des chiffres ou des témoignages, il serait bon de préciser leur origine. Les chiffres que vous venez d’indiquer proviennent d’Alliance VITA, une association antichoix et anti-droit à l’avortement bien connue. (« Ah ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 732,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352254",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "Na06be4fa6a7e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Ménard, lorsque vous citez des chiffres ou des témoignages, il serait bon de préciser leur origine. Les chiffres que vous venez d’indiquer proviennent d’Alliance VITA, une association antichoix et anti-droit à l’avortement bien connue. (« Ah ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352256",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352256"
   ],
   "order": 734,
   "text": "Je viens de vérifier, madame Ménard. Par ailleurs, les sondages effectués par l’Ifop ou l’institut Harris montrent que 80 % à 86 % des Français se disent favorables à l’inscription du droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution. Le consensus en la matière au sein du peuple de France est donc très large. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 734,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352256",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N41aec3bc4219",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je viens de vérifier, madame Ménard. Par ailleurs, les sondages effectués par l’Ifop ou l’institut Harris montrent que 80 % à 86 % des Français se disent favorables à l’inscription du droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution. Le consensus en la matière au sein du peuple de France est donc très large. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352258"
   ],
   "order": 736,
   "text": "Je ne suis pas d’accord avec certains collègues de mon groupe sur la question de l’IMG, qui est toujours un drame absolu, puisqu’elle concerne des femmes qui souhaitaient avoir un enfant. À l’occasion d’une IMG, le corps médical apporte un accompagnement correct. Je suis convaincue que ce droit n’a pas à être constitutionnalisé, parce qu’il est totalement effectif, en raison du respect de la vie humaine.La question se pose toutefois, parce que, dans cet hémicycle, a été adopté par la majorité – je le rappelle à l’attention de M. Turquois – et les députés de gauche, un amendement – que je ne juge pas – autorisant la pratique d’une IMG jusqu’au neuvième mois de grossesse en cas de péril – jusque-là nous sommes d’accord –, ainsi qu’en cas de détresse psychosociale de la mère. Préalablement, le Conseil d’État avait indiqué que pratiquer une IMG jusqu’au neuvième mois de grossesse au seul motif d’une détresse psychosociale, sans péril grave, certain et immédiat constaté pour la santé de la mère, serait illicite.La question d’une intervention au neuvième mois de grossesse a donc en effet déjà été posée et la notion de détresse psychosociale, retenue dans un amendement adopté ici même, a été préalablement censurée, en quelque sorte, par le Conseil d’État. Tenir ce débat n’est donc pas totalement aberrant.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 736,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352258",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 217,
   "annotation_id": "Nbc3c430da90b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis pas d’accord avec certains collègues de mon groupe sur la question de l’IMG, qui est toujours un drame absolu, puisqu’elle concerne des femmes qui souhaitaient avoir un enfant. À l’occasion d’une IMG, le corps médical apporte un accompagnement correct. Je suis convaincue que ce droit n’a pas à être constitutionnalisé, parce qu’il est totalement effectif, en raison du respect de la vie humaine.La question se pose toutefois, parce que, dans cet hémicycle, a été adopté par la majorité – je le rappelle à l’attention de M. Turquois – et les députés de gauche, un amendement – que je ne juge pas – autorisant la pratique d’une IMG jusqu’au neuvième mois de grossesse en cas de péril – jusque-là nous sommes d’accord –, ainsi qu’en cas de détresse psychosociale de la mère. Préalablement, le Conseil d’État avait indiqué que pratiquer une IMG jusqu’au neuvième mois de grossesse au seul motif d’une détresse psychosociale, sans péril grave, certain et immédiat constaté pour la santé de la mère, serait illicite.La question d’une intervention au neuvième mois de grossesse a donc en effet déjà été posée et la notion de détresse psychosociale, retenue dans un amendement adopté ici même, a été préalablement censurée, en quelque sorte, par le Conseil d’État. Tenir ce débat n’est donc pas totalement aberrant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352265",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352265"
   ],
   "order": 743,
   "text": "Il a été réalisé en 2020 par l’Ifop, que vous avez vous-même cité ! Dois-je comprendre que vous sous-entendez que l’Ifop truque ses réponses en fonction du commanditaire ? (M. Jocelyn Dessigny applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 743,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352265",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nc28c3e32a770",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il a été réalisé en 2020 par l’Ifop, que vous avez vous-même cité ! Dois-je comprendre que vous sous-entendez que l’Ifop truque ses réponses en fonction du commanditaire ? (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352443",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352443"
   ],
   "order": 752,
   "text": "Je profite de la défense de cet amendement pour clarifier ce que notre collègue Turquois disait à l’instant. Je ne défends pas la possibilité d’avorter jusqu’à neuf mois de grossesse ; bien au contraire, je la combats.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "80",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 752,
   "amendments": [
    "80"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352443",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Nf1e9aa974d02",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je profite de la défense de cet amendement pour clarifier ce que notre collègue Turquois disait à l’instant. Je ne défends pas la possibilité d’avorter jusqu’à neuf mois de grossesse ; bien au contraire, je la combats."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352445",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352445"
   ],
   "order": 754,
   "text": "La majorité l’a votée, en la réservant à des cas – pourtant flous – de détresse psychosociale. Le Planning familial avait pour objectif de faire adopter cette mesure et, étant manifestement suivi par le Gouvernement et sa majorité, sa logique s’impose.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "80",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 754,
   "amendments": [
    "80"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352445",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nbd5a3a269449",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La majorité l’a votée, en la réservant à des cas – pourtant flous – de détresse psychosociale. Le Planning familial avait pour objectif de faire adopter cette mesure et, étant manifestement suivi par le Gouvernement et sa majorité, sa logique s’impose."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352448",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352448"
   ],
   "order": 757,
   "text": "Deuxièmement, s’interroger sur les raisons pour lesquelles le projet de loi ne concerne pas l’IMG révèle la philosophie d’un texte qui n’aborde l’interruption volontaire de grossesse qu’en tant qu’expression de la volonté de la femme.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "80",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 757,
   "amendments": [
    "80"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352448",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Nba6c158569a4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Deuxièmement, s’interroger sur les raisons pour lesquelles le projet de loi ne concerne pas l’IMG révèle la philosophie d’un texte qui n’aborde l’interruption volontaire de grossesse qu’en tant qu’expression de la volonté de la femme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352450",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352450"
   ],
   "order": 759,
   "text": "Or, l’interruption médicale de grossesse répond aux mêmes critères, la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître, auxquels s’ajoutent des critères médicaux et des critères de délais. Il serait donc intéressant de savoir si la liberté pour la femme – ou son droit, pour employer son équivalent dans l’avis du Conseil d’État – d’avorter serait moins forte dans le cas d’une IMG que dans le cas d’une IVG. Cette question est claire et si simple qu’on n’oserait même plus la poser à un licencié en droit : monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous devriez donc pouvoir y répondre.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "80",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 759,
   "amendments": [
    "80"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352450",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "Nc9a9511c5b03",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Or, l’interruption médicale de grossesse répond aux mêmes critères, la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître, auxquels s’ajoutent des critères médicaux et des critères de délais. Il serait donc intéressant de savoir si la liberté pour la femme – ou son droit, pour employer son équivalent dans l’avis du Conseil d’État – d’avorter serait moins forte dans le cas d’une IMG que dans le cas d’une IVG. Cette question est claire et si simple qu’on n’oserait même plus la poser à un licencié en droit : monsieur le garde des sceaux, vous devriez donc pouvoir y répondre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352452",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352452"
   ],
   "order": 761,
   "text": "Du point de vue de la liberté de la femme, l’IMG est-elle moins protégée que l’IVG ? Nous attendons votre réponse, mais je crains qu’une fois encore, ma question soit laissée sans suite.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "80",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 761,
   "amendments": [
    "80"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352452",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N221d39ec7711",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Du point de vue de la liberté de la femme, l’IMG est-elle moins protégée que l’IVG ? Nous attendons votre réponse, mais je crains qu’une fois encore, ma question soit laissée sans suite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352456",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352456"
   ],
   "order": 765,
   "text": "La principale défaillance du système actuel est qu’on informe sur l’IVG, mais qu’on n’informe presque pas, voire pas du tout, sur les autres possibilités qui pourraient être laissées aux femmes qui traversent souvent des situations compliquées de poursuivre leur grossesse, d’être accueillies – certaines sont abandonnées – ou d’être hébergées – de façon à échapper aux pressions diverses et variées qui peuvent s’exercer sur elles.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "80",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 765,
   "amendments": [
    "80"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352456",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "Nc567ef16caee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La principale défaillance du système actuel est qu’on informe sur l’IVG, mais qu’on n’informe presque pas, voire pas du tout, sur les autres possibilités qui pourraient être laissées aux femmes qui traversent souvent des situations compliquées de poursuivre leur grossesse, d’être accueillies – certaines sont abandonnées – ou d’être hébergées – de façon à échapper aux pressions diverses et variées qui peuvent s’exercer sur elles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352465"
   ],
   "order": 773,
   "text": "Nous avions, dans le prolongement des débats portant sur la loi du 2 août 2021 relative à la bioéthique, engagé un recours auprès du Conseil Constitutionnel afin d’en obtenir l’avis sur l’eugénisme, question importante s’il en est.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "34",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 773,
   "amendments": [
    "34"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352465",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Na7dad07d13bf",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avions, dans le prolongement des débats portant sur la loi du 2 août 2021 relative à la bioéthique, engagé un recours auprès du Conseil Constitutionnel afin d’en obtenir l’avis sur l’eugénisme, question importante s’il en est."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352468",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352468"
   ],
   "order": 776,
   "text": "Le Conseil Constitutionnel avait alors indiqué qu’il ne lui appartenait pas de se prononcer sur le sujet, que cela revenait au constituant. Or, comme nous discutons d’un projet de loi constitutionnelle, il nous semble pertinent d’évoquer la lutte contre l’eugénisme. Notre amendement vise donc à compléter l’alinéa 2 par les mots : « Elle garantit la lutte contre l’eugénisme. »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "34",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 776,
   "amendments": [
    "34"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352468",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N068e77c95960",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil Constitutionnel avait alors indiqué qu’il ne lui appartenait pas de se prononcer sur le sujet, que cela revenait au constituant. Or, comme nous discutons d’un projet de loi constitutionnelle, il nous semble pertinent d’évoquer la lutte contre l’eugénisme. Notre amendement vise donc à compléter l’alinéa 2 par les mots : « Elle garantit la lutte contre l’eugénisme. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352474",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352474"
   ],
   "order": 785,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous le savez : nous examinons un projet de loi constitutionnelle. Nous n’avons déposé aucun amendement qui déborde du périmètre du projet de loi, mais lorsqu’il est question de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, il est légitime d’évoquer l’eugénisme.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 785,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352474",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N604681852705",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "A",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous le savez : nous examinons un projet de loi constitutionnelle. Nous n’avons déposé aucun amendement qui déborde du périmètre du projet de loi, mais lorsqu’il est question de l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, il est légitime d’évoquer l’eugénisme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352525",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352525"
   ],
   "order": 792,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, je demande le respect du principe de proportionnalité entre le délit d’entrave et la liberté d’opinion ou la liberté de communication, soit, plus largement, la liberté d’expression.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article unique (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article unique (suite)",
   "article_id": "3351662",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 792,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352525",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N4d028449c13b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, je demande le respect du principe de proportionnalité entre le délit d’entrave et la liberté d’opinion ou la liberté de communication, soit, plus largement, la liberté d’expression."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352497"
   ],
   "order": 806,
   "text": "Si le sujet que j’aborde présente peu de liens avec l’IVG, il concerne tout de même la question de la procréation. Nous attendions que le Gouvernement se place à la tête d’un mouvement d’opposition à la gestation pour autrui (GPA).",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article unique / ",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "3352495",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 806,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352497",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N720cc4d5e823",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si le sujet que j’aborde présente peu de liens avec l’IVG, il concerne tout de même la question de la procréation. Nous attendions que le Gouvernement se place à la tête d’un mouvement d’opposition à la gestation pour autrui (GPA)."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352501",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352501"
   ],
   "order": 810,
   "text": "On attendrait qu’une position très claire soit exprimée face au risque de marchandisation du corps des femmes. Ainsi, au lieu d’un débat aussi compliqué que celui auquel nous avons participé ce soir, une clarification sur la question de la GPA aurait été bienvenue. Il y va du respect de la liberté des femmes, qui devrait être réaffirmé ; mais sur ce sujet, on ne risque pas de vous entendre. (Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article unique / ",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "3352495",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 810,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352501",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N172b57e32df6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On attendrait qu’une position très claire soit exprimée face au risque de marchandisation du corps des femmes. Ainsi, au lieu d’un débat aussi compliqué que celui auquel nous avons participé ce soir, une clarification sur la question de la GPA aurait été bienvenue. Il y va du respect de la liberté des femmes, qui devrait être réaffirmé ; mais sur ce sujet, on ne risque pas de vous entendre. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352505",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352505"
   ],
   "order": 814,
   "text": "Quitte à mobiliser l’Assemblée nationale, à mobiliser le Sénat et à nous réunir en Congrès à Versailles – tout cela coûte cher –, autant que cela serve à quelque chose. En l’occurrence, à dénoncer et à lutter contre la GPA, cette forme moderne d’esclavage, de marchandisation du travail de la femme et de marchandisation du travail de l’enfant. J’espère qu’un certain nombre d’entre nous en sont convaincus et que nous pourrons saisir cette occasion pour dénoncer, sanctionner et interdire la gestation pour autrui. (Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article unique / ",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "3352495",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 814,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352505",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "N49def8fa7ef6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quitte à mobiliser l’Assemblée nationale, à mobiliser le Sénat et à nous réunir en Congrès à Versailles – tout cela coûte cher –, autant que cela serve à quelque chose. En l’occurrence, à dénoncer et à lutter contre la GPA, cette forme moderne d’esclavage, de marchandisation du travail de la femme et de marchandisation du travail de l’enfant. J’espère qu’un certain nombre d’entre nous en sont convaincus et que nous pourrons saisir cette occasion pour dénoncer, sanctionner et interdire la gestation pour autrui. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352512",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352512"
   ],
   "order": 820,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à lutter contre toutes les formes d’eugénisme. Hélas, l’IVG est, de fait, souvent utilisé à des fins d’eugénisme. Je pense à ceux qui sont atteints de trisomie 21 et qui disparaissent – c’est bien de cela qu’il s’agit –,…",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article unique / ",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "3352495",
   "amendment": "62",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 820,
   "amendments": [
    "62"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352512",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nfbeb336d1fb6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à lutter contre toutes les formes d’eugénisme. Hélas, l’IVG est, de fait, souvent utilisé à des fins d’eugénisme. Je pense à ceux qui sont atteints de trisomie 21 et qui disparaissent – c’est bien de cela qu’il s’agit –,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1874",
   "speaker": "Marc Le Fur",
   "quality": "M. Marc Le Fur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352514"
   ],
   "order": 822,
   "text": "…alors même qu’ils pourraient, comme ceux qui survivent – les enfants, les jeunes adultes, les adultes plus âgés, atteints de trisomie 21 – travailler, faire du sport ou être comédiens ou acteurs. Il faut savoir qu’ils sont capables d’avoir une vie – certes difficile – et de donner de l’amour autour d’eux. Voilà les quelques mots que je voulais avoir pour ces personnes qui sont, hélas, et j’espère que nous en avons tous conscience, les grandes victimes de l’avortement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article unique / ",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "3352495",
   "amendment": "62",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 822,
   "amendments": [
    "62"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352514",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N969c13b24e71",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…alors même qu’ils pourraient, comme ceux qui survivent – les enfants, les jeunes adultes, les adultes plus âgés, atteints de trisomie 21 – travailler, faire du sport ou être comédiens ou acteurs. Il faut savoir qu’ils sont capables d’avoir une vie – certes difficile – et de donner de l’amour autour d’eux. Voilà les quelques mots que je voulais avoir pour ces personnes qui sont, hélas, et j’espère que nous en avons tous conscience, les grandes victimes de l’avortement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352516",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352516"
   ],
   "order": 828,
   "text": "J’estime que l’intervention de M. Le Fur, dont je ne partage pas toutes les positions, est très importante. La diversité de ce qui constitue l’humanité, notamment dans son imperfection – si terrible soit ce mot –, c’est aussi ce qui fait notre richesse. Il me semble utile d’aborder ce sujet et je regrette qu’il soit balayé d’un revers de main car prendre soin des plus fragiles, de ceux qui sont différents, leur faire une place et grandir avec leurs différences, c’est aussi ce qui fait l’humanité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR. – Mme Emmanuelle Ménard applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article unique / ",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "3352495",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 828,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352516",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 99,
   "annotation_id": "N58737165e0d0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’estime que l’intervention de M. Le Fur, dont je ne partage pas toutes les positions, est très importante. La diversité de ce qui constitue l’humanité, notamment dans son imperfection – si terrible soit ce mot –, c’est aussi ce qui fait notre richesse. Il me semble utile d’aborder ce sujet et je regrette qu’il soit balayé d’un revers de main car prendre soin des plus fragiles, de ceux qui sont différents, leur faire une place et grandir avec leurs différences, c’est aussi ce qui fait l’humanité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104",
   "date": "2024-01-24",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28012",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 24 janvier 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbaaae107349aa36deb5131995e9f880d2b00e0a0b8a6c837a1df4337dd6745a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774954",
   "speaker": "Anne-Laure Blin",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Laure Blin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352531",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3352531"
   ],
   "order": 831,
   "text": "Les discussions ont clairement mis en évidence l’objectif idéologique que vous souhaitez malheureusement atteindre, à savoir le droit absolu à l’IVG à laquelle on pourrait avoir recours dans tous les cas. Or c’est un acte qui n’est pas anodin – je l’ai dit et répété.Certains d’entre vous revendiquez un droit à l’enfant. La discussion de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle me donne l’occasion, qui n’est peut-être pas vaine, de défendre un dernier amendement – j’ose l’espérer, monsieur le garde des sceaux.Comme vous souhaitez absolument réformer la Constitution, il vise à ce que notre plus haute norme juridique précise clairement que « nul ne peut se prévaloir d’un droit à l’enfant ». Nous constatons la manière dont évolue la situation : des militants se mobilisent pour réclamer avec toujours plus de force ce droit à l’enfant, notamment par le recours à la GPA. Monsieur le rapporteur, monsieur le garde des sceaux, si vous êtes fermement opposés à la GPA, c’est l’occasion de le dire et de l’inscrire clairement dans la Constitution. (« Bravo ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR. – Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article unique / ",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "3352495",
   "amendment": "171",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2070)",
   "last_order": 831,
   "amendments": [
    "171"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N104-3352531",
   "case": "ivg",
   "words": 188,
   "annotation_id": "Ndc4996bdace3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les discussions ont clairement mis en évidence l’objectif idéologique que vous souhaitez malheureusement atteindre, à savoir le droit absolu à l’IVG à laquelle on pourrait avoir recours dans tous les cas. Or c’est un acte qui n’est pas anodin – je l’ai dit et répété.Certains d’entre vous revendiquez un droit à l’enfant. La discussion de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle me donne l’occasion, qui n’est peut-être pas vaine, de défendre un dernier amendement – j’ose l’espérer, monsieur le garde des sceaux.Comme vous souhaitez absolument réformer la Constitution, il vise à ce que notre plus haute norme juridique précise clairement que « nul ne peut se prévaloir d’un droit à l’enfant ». Nous constatons la manière dont évolue la situation : des militants se mobilisent pour réclamer avec toujours plus de force ce droit à l’enfant, notamment par le recours à la GPA. Monsieur le rapporteur, monsieur le garde des sceaux, si vous êtes fermement opposés à la GPA, c’est l’occasion de le dire et de l’inscrire clairement dans la Constitution. (« Bravo ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425726",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425726"
   ],
   "order": 10,
   "text": "C’est avec gravité que je vous soumets ce matin une proposition de loi sur les Pfas, ces substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées que vous connaissez peut-être mieux sous le nom de « polluants éternels ». Les Pfas sont un véritable fléau, qui a ses victimes. Je pense aux travailleurs et aux travailleuses de chaînes de production industrielle, aux salariés dont les analyses sanguines livrent des résultats alarmants : pour certains, mille fois plus de PFOA – acide perfluorooctanoïque – que la moyenne française. Je pense aussi aux riverains de sites pollués, atteints de maladies chroniques et à qui nous ne donnons pas de réponse à la hauteur des enjeux. Ce fléau a aussi ses lanceurs d’alerte. Je pense à l’avocat Robert Bilott, qui, le premier, a tiré la sonnette d’alarme sur la contamination aux polluants éternels dans l’est américain. Je pense également à ces journalistes qui documentent minutieusement la pollution et qui vont de révélation en révélation. Ce fléau a ses scientifiques. Je pense à l’inestimable qualité de la recherche française, à la précision et au dévouement des chimistes et des toxicologues qui peuplent les plus grands instituts et centres de recherche du pays. Ce fléau, enfin, a ses activistes. Je pense aux associations mobilisées sur les terrains les plus pollués pour faire entendre la voix des citoyennes et des citoyens, mobilisées plus largement pour nous convaincre d’agir collectivement et de rehausser notre ambition dans la lutte contre la civilisation des toxiques.La portée de ce fléau – je mesure l’ampleur de la comparaison – est de l’ordre de celle du désastre du chlordécone ou des ravages de l’amiante. Nous, parlementaires, devons toutefois dire notre humilité. Si nous intervenons, c’est grâce à l’énergie déployée par ceux dont je viens de souligner l’action. À toutes les personnes mobilisées, aux journalistes, aux chercheurs, aux associations et aux activistes, je tiens à dire ma gratitude. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Édouard Bénard applaudit également.) Si nous légiférons en tant que représentants de la nation, ce n’est que pour remplir humblement la première de nos nobles missions : protéger nos concitoyens sans jamais céder aux sirènes des tenants de l’inaction. En commission, il y a une semaine, nous avons su nous montrer à la hauteur de l’enjeu. Je tiens d’emblée à vous en remercier, chers collègues, car nous sommes parvenus à adopter un texte de compromis qui nous honore. Puisse notre discussion en séance être du même acabit. Tout recul remettrait en cause l’ambition collectivement arrêtée il y a une semaine. Toute tergiversation serait incompréhensible. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Gabriel Amard applaudit également.)En ouverture de notre débat, il convient de prendre quelques instants pour énoncer brièvement les principales caractéristiques des Pfas. Celles-ci désignent des familles de substances chimiques qui regroupent chacune plusieurs combinaisons d’atomes que l’on ne trouve pas à l’état naturel. Il existe aujourd’hui plus de 12 000 composés dans la famille des polluants éternels. Leur point commun est leur composition : une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor qui leur confère toutes sortes de propriétés recherchées dans l’industrie. Les Pfas restent stables sous de fortes chaleurs, sont imperméables, repoussent les graisses et ont des propriétés antitaches ou antiadhésives. Nous avons tous à l’esprit le cas de certaines poêles de cuisson, mais ce n’est qu’un exemple parmi des centaines d’applications différentes.Revers de ces qualités, les composés des Pfas ne se dégradent pas, ou très peu, dans l’environnement. Ils s’infiltrent dans les sols, dans l’eau, dans l’air et dans les tissus organiques, aussi bien ceux des humains que ceux de la faune et de la flore. Pour le dire autrement, les Pfas sont à l’origine d’une pollution systémique, et dans certains cas éternelle, en raison notamment de leur extrême persistance. Il est donc impossible, pour nous les humains comme pour les autres êtres vivants, d’échapper à une exposition croissante aux Pfas : plus nous en produisons, plus nous y sommes exposés. On a même retrouvé ces polluants éternels dans le sang d’ours polaires. Or il est difficile de s’en débarrasser une fois qu’ils ont pénétré l’organisme : leurs propriétés chimiques les mettent hors de portée de l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader et favoriser leur élimination par le corps.Cette exposition subie, massive, est extrêmement grave : les scientifiques considèrent que ces substances représentent un sérieux risque pour la santé. Nous disposons de nombreuses études qui caractérisent le risque sanitaire lié à une exposition à ces substances. Les risques pathologiques les plus documentés sont l’altération de la fertilité, des maladies thyroïdiennes, des taux élevés de cholestérol, des lésions au foie, des cancers du rein et des testicules, une réponse réduite aux vaccins ou encore un faible poids à la naissance. Nous sommes bel et bien face à un problème sanitaire d’une gravité et d’une portée inédites.Le problème concerne toute la famille des Pfas. Or, depuis plusieurs jours, des opérations sont menées par des intérêts privés pour détourner notre regard de la famille des polluants éternels. Ces lobbys jouent sur la méconnaissance que nous avons de ces molécules. Il est ainsi avancé que les polymères seraient des molécules inertes, donc sans danger. Je le dis sans détour : de grossières erreurs scientifiques ont été répandues sciemment dans le paysage médiatique. Les polymères sont une famille de Pfas composée de deux sous-familles : les fluoropolymères et les polymères à chaînes latérales fluorées. La littérature scientifique a clairement établi que ces deux types de polymères étaient responsables de rejets de Pfas dangereux lors de leur fabrication ou de leur mise en déchet. En d’autres termes, les chaînes de production utilisant des polymères rejettent inexorablement des Pfas non polymériques parmi les plus dangereux. Les produits sortis de ces chaînes de production, une fois mis en déchet, sont par ailleurs source de diffusion massive de Pfas non polymériques.De nombreux sites industriels implantés sur le territoire national, dans le Rhône, dans l’Oise ou en Haute-Savoie, utilisent des Pfas polymères et rejettent – et continueront fatalement de rejeter – des Pfas non polymériques parmi les plus préoccupants. Je mets au défi quiconque de contredire ce que je viens d’avancer.",
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   "analysis_text": "C’est avec gravité que je vous soumets ce matin une proposition de loi sur les Pfas, ces substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées que vous connaissez peut-être mieux sous le nom de « polluants éternels ». Les Pfas sont un véritable fléau, qui a ses victimes. Je pense aux travailleurs et aux travailleuses de chaînes de production industrielle, aux salariés dont les analyses sanguines livrent des résultats alarmants : pour certains, mille fois plus de PFOA – acide perfluorooctanoïque – que la moyenne française. Je pense aussi aux riverains de sites pollués, atteints de maladies chroniques et à qui nous ne donnons pas de réponse à la hauteur des enjeux. Ce fléau a aussi ses lanceurs d’alerte. Je pense à l’avocat Robert Bilott, qui, le premier, a tiré la sonnette d’alarme sur la contamination aux polluants éternels dans l’est américain. Je pense également à ces journalistes qui documentent minutieusement la pollution et qui vont de révélation en révélation. Ce fléau a ses scientifiques. Je pense à l’inestimable qualité de la recherche française, à la précision et au dévouement des chimistes et des toxicologues qui peuplent les plus grands instituts et centres de recherche du pays. Ce fléau, enfin, a ses activistes. Je pense aux associations mobilisées sur les terrains les plus pollués pour faire entendre la voix des citoyennes et des citoyens, mobilisées plus largement pour nous convaincre d’agir collectivement et de rehausser notre ambition dans la lutte contre la civilisation des toxiques.La portée de ce fléau – je mesure l’ampleur de la comparaison – est de l’ordre de celle du désastre du chlordécone ou des ravages de l’amiante. Nous, parlementaires, devons toutefois dire notre humilité. Si nous intervenons, c’est grâce à l’énergie déployée par ceux dont je viens de souligner l’action. À toutes les personnes mobilisées, aux journalistes, aux chercheurs, aux associations et aux activistes, je tiens à dire ma gratitude. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Si nous légiférons en tant que représentants de la nation, ce n’est que pour remplir humblement la première de nos nobles missions : protéger nos concitoyens sans jamais céder aux sirènes des tenants de l’inaction. En commission, il y a une semaine, nous avons su nous montrer à la hauteur de l’enjeu. Je tiens d’emblée à vous en remercier, chers collègues, car nous sommes parvenus à adopter un texte de compromis qui nous honore. Puisse notre discussion en séance être du même acabit. Tout recul remettrait en cause l’ambition collectivement arrêtée il y a une semaine. Toute tergiversation serait incompréhensible. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)En ouverture de notre débat, il convient de prendre quelques instants pour énoncer brièvement les principales caractéristiques des Pfas. Celles-ci désignent des familles de substances chimiques qui regroupent chacune plusieurs combinaisons d’atomes que l’on ne trouve pas à l’état naturel. Il existe aujourd’hui plus de 12 000 composés dans la famille des polluants éternels. Leur point commun est leur composition : une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor qui leur confère toutes sortes de propriétés recherchées dans l’industrie. Les Pfas restent stables sous de fortes chaleurs, sont imperméables, repoussent les graisses et ont des propriétés antitaches ou antiadhésives. Nous avons tous à l’esprit le cas de certaines poêles de cuisson, mais ce n’est qu’un exemple parmi des centaines d’applications différentes.Revers de ces qualités, les composés des Pfas ne se dégradent pas, ou très peu, dans l’environnement. Ils s’infiltrent dans les sols, dans l’eau, dans l’air et dans les tissus organiques, aussi bien ceux des humains que ceux de la faune et de la flore. Pour le dire autrement, les Pfas sont à l’origine d’une pollution systémique, et dans certains cas éternelle, en raison notamment de leur extrême persistance. Il est donc impossible, pour nous les humains comme pour les autres êtres vivants, d’échapper à une exposition croissante aux Pfas : plus nous en produisons, plus nous y sommes exposés. On a même retrouvé ces polluants éternels dans le sang d’ours polaires. Or il est difficile de s’en débarrasser une fois qu’ils ont pénétré l’organisme : leurs propriétés chimiques les mettent hors de portée de l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader et favoriser leur élimination par le corps.Cette exposition subie, massive, est extrêmement grave : les scientifiques considèrent que ces substances représentent un sérieux risque pour la santé. Nous disposons de nombreuses études qui caractérisent le risque sanitaire lié à une exposition à ces substances. Les risques pathologiques les plus documentés sont l’altération de la fertilité, des maladies thyroïdiennes, des taux élevés de cholestérol, des lésions au foie, des cancers du rein et des testicules, une réponse réduite aux vaccins ou encore un faible poids à la naissance. Nous sommes bel et bien face à un problème sanitaire d’une gravité et d’une portée inédites.Le problème concerne toute la famille des Pfas. Or, depuis plusieurs jours, des opérations sont menées par des intérêts privés pour détourner notre regard de la famille des polluants éternels. Ces lobbys jouent sur la méconnaissance que nous avons de ces molécules. Il est ainsi avancé que les polymères seraient des molécules inertes, donc sans danger. Je le dis sans détour : de grossières erreurs scientifiques ont été répandues sciemment dans le paysage médiatique. Les polymères sont une famille de Pfas composée de deux sous-familles : les fluoropolymères et les polymères à chaînes latérales fluorées. La littérature scientifique a clairement établi que ces deux types de polymères étaient responsables de rejets de Pfas dangereux lors de leur fabrication ou de leur mise en déchet. En d’autres termes, les chaînes de production utilisant des polymères rejettent inexorablement des Pfas non polymériques parmi les plus dangereux. Les produits sortis de ces chaînes de production, une fois mis en déchet, sont par ailleurs source de diffusion massive de Pfas non polymériques.De nombreux sites industriels implantés sur le territoire national, dans le Rhône, dans l’Oise ou en Haute-Savoie, utilisent des Pfas polymères et rejettent – et continueront fatalement de rejeter – des Pfas non polymériques parmi les plus préoccupants. Je mets au défi quiconque de contredire ce que je viens d’avancer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
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   "text": "La lutte contre les Pfas doit donc nécessairement cibler les polluants éternels dans leur ensemble, sans opérer une distinction scientifiquement absurde. L’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE), l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (Echa), le gouvernement français et le rapport de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille sont formels : il faut traiter les Pfas dans leur ensemble, au risque de perdre toute efficacité dans l’action publique. Revenir aujourd’hui sur ce point serait faire prendre un tournant dangereux à notre législation et faire fi de la science. La représentation nationale ne doit pas perdre de vue son unique boussole : l’intérêt général.Forts de ce constat, nous pouvons, je crois, nous accorder à dire que la proposition de loi est tout à fait mesurée et que les mesures qu’elle comporte sont raisonnables. Celles-ci, je le rappelle, ont été adoptées à l’unanimité en commission il y a une semaine et s’inscrivent dans la continuité de travaux entrepris par plusieurs de nos collègues : je pense à la proposition de loi de notre collègue David Taupiac et, plus récemment, au rapport que Cyrille Isaac-Sibille a remis au Gouvernement.La première mesure vise à limiter la pollution aux Pfas à la source, en restreignant leur utilisation de manière échelonnée selon la disponibilité de solutions alternatives. Je vous propose d’agir dès 2026 sur quatre usages, pour lesquels nous savons faire autrement : les ustensiles de cuisine, les cosmétiques, le fart et les textiles d’habillement. Certains parmi vous me rappelleront qu’un projet de restriction des Pfas est en cours au niveau européen : il est nécessaire, mais pas suffisant ; je le soutiens, mais je ne m’en contente pas. Vous le savez, la procédure sera longue. Lorsque l’Echa aura terminé son travail, en 2027, la proposition de restriction sera soumise aux États membres : qui peut prédire aujourd’hui la position de chacun de nos partenaires européens ? Comme Cyrille Isaac-Sibille dans les recommandations 10 et 11 de son rapport, je vous propose de prendre des mesures anticipées au niveau national pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens. (M. Sébastien Peytavie applaudit.) Le texte de compromis adopté la semaine dernière à l’unanimité cible plusieurs produits identifiés, également mentionnés dans le rapport de notre collègue du groupe MODEM.La deuxième mesure concerne le contrôle de l’eau potable. Je vous propose, dès la promulgation de la loi, d’inclure les Pfas dans le contrôle sanitaire de la qualité de l’eau potable. Cette disposition va au-devant de la réglementation actuelle et de celle prévue par la directive européenne sur l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine. (M. Dominique Potier applaudit.) Elle évite d’attendre 2026 et impose la recherche obligatoire des Pfas que nous savons détecter. Pour rappel, le droit européen nous obligera seulement à rechercher une vingtaine de Pfas et n’inclut pas, par exemple, le TFA – acide trifluoroacétique –, retrouvé massivement autour de Salindres dans le Gard.La troisième mesure a été ajoutée en commission et vise à mettre progressivement fin aux rejets de Pfas par certains sites industriels. La rédaction de la disposition n’est pas encore satisfaisante, mais je soutiens son ambition. Je vous propose par ailleurs d’introduire une redevance assise sur les rejets de Pfas dans l’eau pour que les industriels à l’origine de la pollution contribuent financièrement à la dépollution, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) J’insiste, chers collègues, sur le coût que représentera la pollution aux Pfas dans nos territoires et pour nos collectivités. Dès l’entrée en vigueur du contrôle de la présence des Pfas dans l’eau, nombre de nos communes connaîtront des dépassements de la norme réglementaire. Nos collectivités devront alors consentir des investissements massifs pour traiter l’eau. La redevance que je vous propose est un premier levier pour anticiper ce mur d’investissement. J’espère que nous serons nombreux à nous retrouver sur cette disposition, adoptée à l’unanimité en commission.En conclusion, je veux dire que nous avons aujourd’hui l’opportunité de nous montrer collectivement au rendez-vous pour engager une avancée dans la lutte contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. (Mme Christine Arrighi applaudit.) Nous sommes observés, certains attendent beaucoup de cette proposition de loi et j’espère que nous saurons être à la hauteur. Sur ce sujet, chaque année perdue se compte en vies humaines. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
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   "analysis_text": "La lutte contre les Pfas doit donc nécessairement cibler les polluants éternels dans leur ensemble, sans opérer une distinction scientifiquement absurde. L’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE), l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (Echa), le gouvernement français et le rapport de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille sont formels : il faut traiter les Pfas dans leur ensemble, au risque de perdre toute efficacité dans l’action publique. Revenir aujourd’hui sur ce point serait faire prendre un tournant dangereux à notre législation et faire fi de la science. La représentation nationale ne doit pas perdre de vue son unique boussole : l’intérêt général.Forts de ce constat, nous pouvons, je crois, nous accorder à dire que la proposition de loi est tout à fait mesurée et que les mesures qu’elle comporte sont raisonnables. Celles-ci, je le rappelle, ont été adoptées à l’unanimité en commission il y a une semaine et s’inscrivent dans la continuité de travaux entrepris par plusieurs de nos collègues : je pense à la proposition de loi de notre collègue [PERSONNE] et, plus récemment, au rapport que [PERSONNE] a remis au Gouvernement.La première mesure vise à limiter la pollution aux Pfas à la source, en restreignant leur utilisation de manière échelonnée selon la disponibilité de solutions alternatives. Je vous propose d’agir dès 2026 sur quatre usages, pour lesquels nous savons faire autrement : les ustensiles de cuisine, les cosmétiques, le fart et les textiles d’habillement. Certains parmi vous me rappelleront qu’un projet de restriction des Pfas est en cours au niveau européen : il est nécessaire, mais pas suffisant ; je le soutiens, mais je ne m’en contente pas. Vous le savez, la procédure sera longue. Lorsque l’Echa aura terminé son travail, en 2027, la proposition de restriction sera soumise aux États membres : qui peut prédire aujourd’hui la position de chacun de nos partenaires européens ? Comme [PERSONNE] dans les recommandations 10 et 11 de son rapport, je vous propose de prendre des mesures anticipées au niveau national pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Le texte de compromis adopté la semaine dernière à l’unanimité cible plusieurs produits identifiés, également mentionnés dans le rapport de notre collègue du groupe [GROUPE].La deuxième mesure concerne le contrôle de l’eau potable. Je vous propose, dès la promulgation de la loi, d’inclure les Pfas dans le contrôle sanitaire de la qualité de l’eau potable. Cette disposition va au-devant de la réglementation actuelle et de celle prévue par la directive européenne sur l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Elle évite d’attendre 2026 et impose la recherche obligatoire des Pfas que nous savons détecter. Pour rappel, le droit européen nous obligera seulement à rechercher une vingtaine de Pfas et n’inclut pas, par exemple, le TFA – acide trifluoroacétique –, retrouvé massivement autour de Salindres dans le Gard.La troisième mesure a été ajoutée en commission et vise à mettre progressivement fin aux rejets de Pfas par certains sites industriels. La rédaction de la disposition n’est pas encore satisfaisante, mais je soutiens son ambition. Je vous propose par ailleurs d’introduire une redevance assise sur les rejets de Pfas dans l’eau pour que les industriels à l’origine de la pollution contribuent financièrement à la dépollution, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) J’insiste, chers collègues, sur le coût que représentera la pollution aux Pfas dans nos territoires et pour nos collectivités. Dès l’entrée en vigueur du contrôle de la présence des Pfas dans l’eau, nombre de nos communes connaîtront des dépassements de la norme réglementaire. Nos collectivités devront alors consentir des investissements massifs pour traiter l’eau. La redevance que je vous propose est un premier levier pour anticiper ce mur d’investissement. J’espère que nous serons nombreux à nous retrouver sur cette disposition, adoptée à l’unanimité en commission.En conclusion, je veux dire que nous avons aujourd’hui l’opportunité de nous montrer collectivement au rendez-vous pour engager une avancée dans la lutte contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Nous sommes observés, certains attendent beaucoup de cette proposition de loi et j’espère que nous saurons être à la hauteur. Sur ce sujet, chaque année perdue se compte en vies humaines. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
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   "text": "J’espère qu’il n’opposera pas non plus ceux qui sont pour l’industrie française et ceux qui sont contre. (Mme Danielle Brulebois applaudit. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’espère qu’il n’opposera pas non plus ceux qui sont pour l’industrie française et ceux qui sont contre. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425746",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425746"
   ],
   "order": 32,
   "text": "Une grande majorité des députés présents sur ces bancs sont convaincus, j’en suis sûr, que l’industrie fait partie des solutions à la crise environnementale plutôt qu’elle n’y contribue. (M. Gabriel Amard et Mme Christine Arrighi s’exclament.) Rêver d’une France sans usines (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES), dans laquelle les produits seraient toujours disponibles, mais fabriqués dans d’autres pays, reviendrait à fermer les yeux pour se débarrasser du problème et serait contre-productif. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)Je pensais que notre débat n’opposerait pas ceux qui sont pour l’industrie et ceux qui sont contre, mais certains ici ne sont apparemment pas d’accord.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 32,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425746",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N2bc28a826dbb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Une grande majorité des députés présents sur ces bancs sont convaincus, j’en suis sûr, que l’industrie fait partie des solutions à la crise environnementale plutôt qu’elle n’y contribue. (M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclament.) Rêver d’une France sans usines (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]), dans laquelle les produits seraient toujours disponibles, mais fabriqués dans d’autres pays, reviendrait à fermer les yeux pour se débarrasser du problème et serait contre-productif. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)Je pensais que notre débat n’opposerait pas ceux qui sont pour l’industrie et ceux qui sont contre, mais certains ici ne sont apparemment pas d’accord."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425749",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 37,
   "text": "Nous sommes également tous favorables à la protection de l’environnement. Contre les produits dangereux, pour l’industrie, pour la protection de la santé publique et pour la protection de l’environnement : ces grands principes doivent nous rassembler dans l’examen de cette proposition de loi.La raison pour laquelle le Gouvernement émettra un avis favorable sur les amendements de suppression de plusieurs articles tient principalement à la méthode choisie. En effet, s’il était adopté dans sa rédaction actuelle, le texte serait inefficace, inopérant et probablement contre-productif. Pourquoi ? Tout d’abord, monsieur le rapporteur, parce que vous visez les usages plutôt que les produits : vous interdisez tous les Pfas dans certains usages au lieu de vous focaliser sur les Pfas effectivement dangereux dans tous les usages. Ce faisant, vous risquez d’interdire des Pfas qui ne sont pas dangereux tout en maintenant l’autorisation de Pfas dangereux dans d’autres usages – tout cela au détriment des quatre principes que j’ai énoncés.Enfin – et je m’attarderai un peu sur ce point –, en privilégiant une approche nationale qui, contrairement à ce que vous avez indiqué, ne complète pas l’approche européenne mais va à son encontre, vous mettriez en danger le fonctionnement même du marché unique. Pour un parti qui se dit pro-européen, c’est dommage ! Surtout, vous entendez compromettre une procédure, à savoir la réglementation européenne d’autorisation ou d’interdiction des produits chimiques, qui a fait ses preuves et est reconnue dans le monde entier comme une des plus exigeantes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 37,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425749",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 243,
   "annotation_id": "Nd5cf4962fcd8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes également tous favorables à la protection de l’environnement. Contre les produits dangereux, pour l’industrie, pour la protection de la santé publique et pour la protection de l’environnement : ces grands principes doivent nous rassembler dans l’examen de cette proposition de loi.La raison pour laquelle le Gouvernement émettra un avis favorable sur les amendements de suppression de plusieurs articles tient principalement à la méthode choisie. En effet, s’il était adopté dans sa rédaction actuelle, le texte serait inefficace, inopérant et probablement contre-productif. Pourquoi ? Tout d’abord, monsieur le rapporteur, parce que vous visez les usages plutôt que les produits : vous interdisez tous les Pfas dans certains usages au lieu de vous focaliser sur les Pfas effectivement dangereux dans tous les usages. Ce faisant, vous risquez d’interdire des Pfas qui ne sont pas dangereux tout en maintenant l’autorisation de Pfas dangereux dans d’autres usages – tout cela au détriment des quatre principes que j’ai énoncés.Enfin – et je m’attarderai un peu sur ce point –, en privilégiant une approche nationale qui, contrairement à ce que vous avez indiqué, ne complète pas l’approche européenne mais va à son encontre, vous mettriez en danger le fonctionnement même du marché unique. Pour un parti qui se dit pro-européen, c’est dommage ! Surtout, vous entendez compromettre une procédure, à savoir la réglementation européenne d’autorisation ou d’interdiction des produits chimiques, qui a fait ses preuves et est reconnue dans le monde entier comme une des plus exigeantes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425847",
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   "order": 41,
   "text": "Je le répète : en introduisant une démarche orthogonale à celle de l’Union européenne, fondée sur les usages plutôt que sur les produits, vous complexifieriez la réglementation, au risque de mettre en danger l’approche européenne elle-même et d’aboutir à un texte contre-productif.En imposant des valeurs limites irréalistes – zéro – et en prévoyant de faire reposer le financement des mesures à prendre pour les atteindre essentiellement, voire exclusivement, sur l’industrie, vous mettriez en danger l’industrie française sans vous assurer d’aucune façon d’atteindre le résultat escompté, puisque les produits concernés seront probablement fabriqués ailleurs, parfois selon des procédés présentant une performance sanitaire ou environnementale dégradée.L’Europe bénéficie d’un cadre exemplaire, celui du règlement Reach (enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances), reconnu par les organisations environnementales et les industriels comme une des normes les plus protectrices et efficaces au monde – car on peut être à la fois protecteur et efficace. Il s’agit d’un cadre scientifique – j’insiste sur ce point –, qui garantit la cohérence et l’exhaustivité de l’analyse des risques. Ce règlement, qui constitue l’une des briques du marché unique, assure la qualité de la réponse européenne face aux risques chimiques en garantissant son caractère coordonné et rigoureux. Depuis son entrée en vigueur en 2007, il protège ainsi efficacement nos concitoyens des risques chimiques. Nous devons continuer d’agir en ce sens en Européens, en mettant à profit la force du marché unique et de l’expertise scientifique collective.Que sont les Pfas ? Je ne m’étendrai pas sur leur définition, le rapporteur ayant déjà avancé un certain nombre d’éléments, mais ce terme désigne les composants chimiques contenant au moins un atome de carbone entouré d’atomes de fluor – voilà tout. Il englobe donc des produits très divers – leur nombre est estimé entre 5 000 et 12 000 selon les sources –, se caractérisant par une liaison carbone-fluor, laquelle compte parmi les liaisons chimiques les plus fortes et donne à ces composés des propriétés de résistance remarquables qui les rendent particulièrement adaptés à de nombreuses applications, notamment pour permettre à des produits de résister aux températures, aux frictions ou au feu. C’est la raison pour laquelle ces composés sont utilisés pour fabriquer des objets très divers comme les tenues ignifugées protégeant les pompiers ou les ouvriers du bâtiment et de l’industrie lourde, les mousses destinées à éteindre les incendies, ou encore des dispositifs médicaux comme les prothèses de hanche ou les cathéters.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 41,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425847",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 405,
   "annotation_id": "N13e84d686083",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EJM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je le répète : en introduisant une démarche orthogonale à celle de l’Union européenne, fondée sur les usages plutôt que sur les produits, vous complexifieriez la réglementation, au risque de mettre en danger l’approche européenne elle-même et d’aboutir à un texte contre-productif.En imposant des valeurs limites irréalistes – zéro – et en prévoyant de faire reposer le financement des mesures à prendre pour les atteindre essentiellement, voire exclusivement, sur l’industrie, vous mettriez en danger l’industrie française sans vous assurer d’aucune façon d’atteindre le résultat escompté, puisque les produits concernés seront probablement fabriqués ailleurs, parfois selon des procédés présentant une performance sanitaire ou environnementale dégradée.L’Europe bénéficie d’un cadre exemplaire, celui du règlement Reach (enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances), reconnu par les organisations environnementales et les industriels comme une des normes les plus protectrices et efficaces au monde – car on peut être à la fois protecteur et efficace. Il s’agit d’un cadre scientifique – j’insiste sur ce point –, qui garantit la cohérence et l’exhaustivité de l’analyse des risques. Ce règlement, qui constitue l’une des briques du marché unique, assure la qualité de la réponse européenne face aux risques chimiques en garantissant son caractère coordonné et rigoureux. Depuis son entrée en vigueur en 2007, il protège ainsi efficacement nos concitoyens des risques chimiques. Nous devons continuer d’agir en ce sens en Européens, en mettant à profit la force du marché unique et de l’expertise scientifique collective.Que sont les Pfas ? Je ne m’étendrai pas sur leur définition, le rapporteur ayant déjà avancé un certain nombre d’éléments, mais ce terme désigne les composants chimiques contenant au moins un atome de carbone entouré d’atomes de fluor – voilà tout. Il englobe donc des produits très divers – leur nombre est estimé entre 5 000 et 12 000 selon les sources –, se caractérisant par une liaison carbone-fluor, laquelle compte parmi les liaisons chimiques les plus fortes et donne à ces composés des propriétés de résistance remarquables qui les rendent particulièrement adaptés à de nombreuses applications, notamment pour permettre à des produits de résister aux températures, aux frictions ou au feu. C’est la raison pour laquelle ces composés sont utilisés pour fabriquer des objets très divers comme les tenues ignifugées protégeant les pompiers ou les ouvriers du bâtiment et de l’industrie lourde, les mousses destinées à éteindre les incendies, ou encore des dispositifs médicaux comme les prothèses de hanche ou les cathéters."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425852",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425852"
   ],
   "order": 46,
   "text": "Ils servent également à protéger les câbles électriques et les réservoirs d’avion, à fabriquer les membranes de batteries électriques dont nous aurons tant besoin pour réussir la transition écologique ainsi que les membranes des électrolyseurs d’hydrogène, ou encore – cela a été largement commenté – à rendre les poêles antiadhésives.Leur grande résistance explique aussi que ces composés se dégradent très peu : ils sont très persistants dans l’environnement, d’où l’usage du terme « polluants éternels » pour les décrire.Au-delà de ces propriétés communes, ils constituent cependant une famille de composés très divers, comprenant, je le répète, 5 000 produits selon l’OCDE et jusqu’à 10 000 en comptant leurs multiples variations. Cette diversité des produits se traduit par la diversité des risques qui y sont associés. Les monomères, c’est-à-dire les Pfas de petite taille, très susceptibles de s’accumuler dans nos organismes, sont ainsi probablement dangereux, voire très dangereux – ce sont en tout cas les plus dangereux. Ceux dont la toxicité a été la plus signalée, à savoir le PFOA et le Pfos – sulfonate de perfluorooctane –, sont déjà interdits.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 46,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425852",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 180,
   "annotation_id": "N70d56b34b68f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ils servent également à protéger les câbles électriques et les réservoirs d’avion, à fabriquer les membranes de batteries électriques dont nous aurons tant besoin pour réussir la transition écologique ainsi que les membranes des électrolyseurs d’hydrogène, ou encore – cela a été largement commenté – à rendre les poêles antiadhésives.Leur grande résistance explique aussi que ces composés se dégradent très peu : ils sont très persistants dans l’environnement, d’où l’usage du terme « polluants éternels » pour les décrire.Au-delà de ces propriétés communes, ils constituent cependant une famille de composés très divers, comprenant, je le répète, 5 000 produits selon l’OCDE et jusqu’à 10 000 en comptant leurs multiples variations. Cette diversité des produits se traduit par la diversité des risques qui y sont associés. Les monomères, c’est-à-dire les Pfas de petite taille, très susceptibles de s’accumuler dans nos organismes, sont ainsi probablement dangereux, voire très dangereux – ce sont en tout cas les plus dangereux. Ceux dont la toxicité a été la plus signalée, à savoir le PFOA et le Pfos – sulfonate de perfluorooctane –, sont déjà interdits."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425856",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425856"
   ],
   "order": 50,
   "text": "À l’autre extrémité du spectre, les polymères de grande taille, plus stables et peu susceptibles de passer la barrière biologique, donc de s’accumuler dans l’organisme, sont probablement les moins dangereux. Ils sont d’ailleurs utilisés jusque dans certains dispositifs médicaux, comme les prothèses de hanche, que j’évoquais précédemment.Le sujet qui nous occupe ce matin est donc complexe : il couvre des produits divers, affectés à des usages divers et présentant des risques divers. La proposition de loi soumise à votre examen, qui vise à leur appliquer un traitement « à taille unique », si je puis dire, pourrait donc se révéler trop exigeante, tout en s’appliquant à un champ trop limité, ce qui la rendrait, je le répète, à la fois inefficace et inopérante, voire, pour certains composés, contre-productive.Que fait la France ? D’abord, elle agit dans un cadre européen, sur la base des études qui ont établi la toxicité de certains Pfas. La pollution qu’ils engendrent est évidemment un enjeu majeur de santé publique et de protection de l’environnement. J’insiste : sur ce point, il n’existe aucune divergence d’appréciation entre le Gouvernement et l’ensemble des députés qui sont sensibles à ce risque. Je remercie d’ailleurs les parlementaires qui ont inscrit ce débat à l’ordre du jour.Le risque lié aux Pfas présente deux dimensions. La première réside dans les contacts entre les consommateurs et des produits contenant des Pfas – la tenue ignifugée des pompiers, les poêles antiadhésives. Traiter ce risque implique de réguler la mise sur le marché de ces produits, leur importation et leur exportation, ce qui ne saurait se faire, nous en sommes convaincus, qu’à l’échelle européenne. L’autre dimension concerne la contamination de notre environnement par les Pfas, en lien avec la production de certaines substances chimiques, susceptible d’occasionner des rejets de produits polluants. Soyons très clairs : la prise en charge de ce risque relève de la réglementation nationale. Nous devons le traiter et nous le ferons en imposant à la fois la réduction des rejets et la dépollution de l’environnement – il s’agit, d’une certaine façon, de diminuer à la fois les flux et les stocks, en cessant de rejeter des produits polluants dans la nature et en traitant ceux qui s’y trouvent déjà.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 50,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 368,
   "annotation_id": "N8ad0092adc87",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "À l’autre extrémité du spectre, les polymères de grande taille, plus stables et peu susceptibles de passer la barrière biologique, donc de s’accumuler dans l’organisme, sont probablement les moins dangereux. Ils sont d’ailleurs utilisés jusque dans certains dispositifs médicaux, comme les prothèses de hanche, que j’évoquais précédemment.Le sujet qui nous occupe ce matin est donc complexe : il couvre des produits divers, affectés à des usages divers et présentant des risques divers. La proposition de loi soumise à votre examen, qui vise à leur appliquer un traitement « à taille unique », si je puis dire, pourrait donc se révéler trop exigeante, tout en s’appliquant à un champ trop limité, ce qui la rendrait, je le répète, à la fois inefficace et inopérante, voire, pour certains composés, contre-productive.Que fait la France ? D’abord, elle agit dans un cadre européen, sur la base des études qui ont établi la toxicité de certains Pfas. La pollution qu’ils engendrent est évidemment un enjeu majeur de santé publique et de protection de l’environnement. J’insiste : sur ce point, il n’existe aucune divergence d’appréciation entre le Gouvernement et l’ensemble des députés qui sont sensibles à ce risque. Je remercie d’ailleurs les parlementaires qui ont inscrit ce débat à l’ordre du jour.Le risque lié aux Pfas présente deux dimensions. La première réside dans les contacts entre les consommateurs et des produits contenant des Pfas – la tenue ignifugée des pompiers, les poêles antiadhésives. Traiter ce risque implique de réguler la mise sur le marché de ces produits, leur importation et leur exportation, ce qui ne saurait se faire, nous en sommes convaincus, qu’à l’échelle européenne. L’autre dimension concerne la contamination de notre environnement par les Pfas, en lien avec la production de certaines substances chimiques, susceptible d’occasionner des rejets de produits polluants. Soyons très clairs : la prise en charge de ce risque relève de la réglementation nationale. Nous devons le traiter et nous le ferons en imposant à la fois la réduction des rejets et la dépollution de l’environnement – il s’agit, d’une certaine façon, de diminuer à la fois les flux et les stocks, en cessant de rejeter des produits polluants dans la nature et en traitant ceux qui s’y trouvent déjà."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425861",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425861"
   ],
   "order": 55,
   "text": "Sur ces deux aspects, le Gouvernement agit pour protéger nos concitoyens.S’agissant d’abord de la mise sur le marché, nous avons déjà interdit des Pfas à l’échelle européenne lorsque nous disposions d’un niveau de preuve suffisant. Nous savons en effet que certains de ces produits sont fortement toxiques : ils ont fait l’objet d’études scientifiques pendant plusieurs décennies et sont désormais interdits. C’est le cas du Pfos et du PFOA, interdits respectivement depuis 2009 et 2020. D’autres sont en passe d’être proscrits, comme le PFHXA – acide perfluorohexanoïque –, dont l’évaluation s’est révélée négative et qui sera interdit dans les prochains mois.Pour d’autres, une forte présomption de toxicité existe et des analyses ont été lancées il y a plusieurs années au niveau européen. Je songe par exemple aux acides carboxyliques perfluorés (ACPF). Des restrictions s’y appliquent déjà et des interdictions seront prononcées dans des délais brefs.Enfin, il est des Pfas pour lesquels nous ne disposons pas de suffisamment de données et dont, pour certains, nous pouvons raisonnablement penser qu’ils ne sont pas dangereux. C’est le cas du PVDF – polyfluorure de vinylidène –, un composé clef des batteries électriques, à ce titre indispensable pour accélérer la transition écologique des véhicules fabriqués en France et en Europe,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 55,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425861",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 205,
   "annotation_id": "N7046ff3bbe23",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sur ces deux aspects, le Gouvernement agit pour protéger nos concitoyens.S’agissant d’abord de la mise sur le marché, nous avons déjà interdit des Pfas à l’échelle européenne lorsque nous disposions d’un niveau de preuve suffisant. Nous savons en effet que certains de ces produits sont fortement toxiques : ils ont fait l’objet d’études scientifiques pendant plusieurs décennies et sont désormais interdits. C’est le cas du Pfos et du PFOA, interdits respectivement depuis 2009 et 2020. D’autres sont en passe d’être proscrits, comme le PFHXA – acide perfluorohexanoïque –, dont l’évaluation s’est révélée négative et qui sera interdit dans les prochains mois.Pour d’autres, une forte présomption de toxicité existe et des analyses ont été lancées il y a plusieurs années au niveau européen. Je songe par exemple aux acides carboxyliques perfluorés (ACPF). Des restrictions s’y appliquent déjà et des interdictions seront prononcées dans des délais brefs.Enfin, il est des Pfas pour lesquels nous ne disposons pas de suffisamment de données et dont, pour certains, nous pouvons raisonnablement penser qu’ils ne sont pas dangereux. C’est le cas du PVDF – polyfluorure de vinylidène –, un composé clef des batteries électriques, à ce titre indispensable pour accélérer la transition écologique des véhicules fabriqués en France et en Europe,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425866",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425866"
   ],
   "order": 60,
   "text": "…ou du désormais célèbre PTFE – polytétrafluoroéthylène –, utilisé comme antiadhérent pour les matériels de cuisine, qui, à en croire les experts avec qui nous dialoguons, ne présente très probablement pas de danger.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 60,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425866",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N81658693e899",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…ou du désormais célèbre PTFE – polytétrafluoroéthylène –, utilisé comme antiadhérent pour les matériels de cuisine, qui, à en croire les experts avec qui nous dialoguons, ne présente très probablement pas de danger."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425870",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425870"
   ],
   "order": 64,
   "text": "Si j’ai bien une conviction, c’est qu’il ne revient pas aux parlementaires ni au Gouvernement d’évaluer la qualité scientifique des études qui nous sont soumises. (Mme Danielle Brulebois et M. Philippe Berta applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 64,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425870",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N9bdbe00f66fc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si j’ai bien une conviction, c’est qu’il ne revient pas aux parlementaires ni au Gouvernement d’évaluer la qualité scientifique des études qui nous sont soumises. (Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425872",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425872"
   ],
   "order": 66,
   "text": "Je suis en effet intimement persuadé – comme nous devrions tous l’être – que la meilleure, et même la seule façon d’évaluer la qualité scientifique des travaux qui nous sont soumis, consiste à s’appuyer sur des autorités indépendantes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, LR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 66,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425872",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "Naf094cdaf555",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis en effet intimement persuadé – comme nous devrions tous l’être – que la meilleure, et même la seule façon d’évaluer la qualité scientifique des travaux qui nous sont soumis, consiste à s’appuyer sur des autorités indépendantes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE, [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425875",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425875"
   ],
   "order": 69,
   "text": "Vous avez vos opinions et j’ai les miennes, mais nous devrions nous accorder sur le fait qu’en France comme en Europe, la préservation d’une autorité scientifique indépendante est la seule manière d’évaluer de manière objective ce type de dangerosité.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 69,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425875",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "Nb6e025b0c473",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez vos opinions et j’ai les miennes, mais nous devrions nous accorder sur le fait qu’en France comme en Europe, la préservation d’une autorité scientifique indépendante est la seule manière d’évaluer de manière objective ce type de dangerosité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425877",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425877"
   ],
   "order": 71,
   "text": "Étant donné les risques avérés d’autres produits de la famille des Pfas, nous avons demandé qu’une analyse exhaustive soit menée à l’échelle européenne, en accompagnant la démarche des cinq États – Pays-Bas, Suède, Norvège, Danemark et Allemagne – qui ont déposé un dossier auprès de l’Echa en 2023. Nous soutenons cette démarche, que nous souhaitons accélérer, car il importe que l’Europe prenne des décisions fortes, même difficiles, en la matière. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons plusieurs outils. Le règlement Reach, que j’ai mentionné, a déjà permis d’interdire le PFOA. Le règlement du 29 avril 2004, dit règlement POP (polluants organiques persistants) a quant à lui conduit à l’interdiction précoce du Pfos.À l’issue de cette démarche, certains produits seront proscrits, quand d’autres seront probablement exemptés d’interdiction.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 71,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425877",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "Ncb13258b869d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Étant donné les risques avérés d’autres produits de la famille des Pfas, nous avons demandé qu’une analyse exhaustive soit menée à l’échelle européenne, en accompagnant la démarche des cinq États – Pays-Bas, Suède, Norvège, Danemark et Allemagne – qui ont déposé un dossier auprès de l’Echa en 2023. Nous soutenons cette démarche, que nous souhaitons accélérer, car il importe que l’Europe prenne des décisions fortes, même difficiles, en la matière. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons plusieurs outils. Le règlement Reach, que j’ai mentionné, a déjà permis d’interdire le PFOA. Le règlement du 29 avril 2004, dit règlement POP (polluants organiques persistants) a quant à lui conduit à l’interdiction précoce du Pfos.À l’issue de cette démarche, certains produits seront proscrits, quand d’autres seront probablement exemptés d’interdiction."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425880",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425880"
   ],
   "order": 74,
   "text": "Contrairement à ce qui a été dit dans la presse et à ce que j’ai cru entendre de la bouche du rapporteur à la tribune, l’interdiction totale des Pfas n’est pas inéluctable si certains n’ont pas d’impact sanitaire. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) En l’absence de solution alternative, si un produit n’est pas considéré comme toxique et si sa fin de vie est contrôlée – comme c’est le cas pour les Pfas utilisés dans les batteries électriques –, il est très probable que l’Echa autorise son usage.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 74,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425880",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "N745c19cfe95c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Contrairement à ce qui a été dit dans la presse et à ce que j’ai cru entendre de la bouche du rapporteur à la tribune, l’interdiction totale des Pfas n’est pas inéluctable si certains n’ont pas d’impact sanitaire. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) En l’absence de solution alternative, si un produit n’est pas considéré comme toxique et si sa fin de vie est contrôlée – comme c’est le cas pour les Pfas utilisés dans les batteries électriques –, il est très probable que l’Echa autorise son usage."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425882",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425882"
   ],
   "order": 76,
   "text": "L’analyse est en cours depuis un an. Je le reconnais, il s’agit là d’un processus long, qui pourra prendre encore un à deux ans. Une note préparée par les services de mon ministère et ceux de mon collègue Christophe Béchu a d’ailleurs été transmise aux autorités européennes dès cet été pour demander son accélération.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 76,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425882",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N2fa3a350f68c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’analyse est en cours depuis un an. Je le reconnais, il s’agit là d’un processus long, qui pourra prendre encore un à deux ans. Une note préparée par les services de mon ministère et ceux de mon collègue [PERSONNE] a d’ailleurs été transmise aux autorités européennes dès cet été pour demander son accélération."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425884",
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   "order": 78,
   "text": "Évidemment, nous n’attendrons pas que les 5 000 – voire 12 000 – Pfas existants soient examinés pour prendre des décisions : à chaque fois que le comité compétent identifiera des Pfas comme dangereux, nous en tirerons les conséquences, soit en prononçant des interdictions sectorielles, soit en régulant les flux ou les usages des produits concernés. Les interdictions sectorielles seront prévues dans tous les règlements européens en cours de discussion, comme l’illustre d’ailleurs l’adoption récente du principe d’interdiction des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires dès 2026. Nous nous engageons à procéder de la même façon pour les règlements relatifs aux jouets, aux cosmétiques ou encore aux textiles, à mesure que les connaissances scientifiques progresseront. Cette démarche n’empêche nullement les filières de s’engager également, ce que certaines font d’ailleurs. Cet engagement à agir à l’échelle européenne est public : il figure dans le plan d’action relatif aux Pfas dévoilé aujourd’hui par le Gouvernement.Le second point, tout aussi important, consiste à réduire les pollutions de l’environnement – ce que j’appelais tout à l’heure les stocks et les flux de rejets. Ce travail – réduire les rejets de Pfas, dépolluer les écosystèmes, assurer la qualité de l’eau potable – relève de la responsabilité nationale. Il a d’ailleurs été lancé dès 1998, par le biais d’un arrêté du 2 février établissant une valeur limite de concentration de 25 microgrammes par litre dans les eaux rejetées en milieu naturel, complété par l’ordonnance du 22 décembre 2022 relative à l’accès et à la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, qui généralise la réalisation d’un diagnostic Pfas.Nous avons accéléré cette démarche depuis 2023, à travers le plan ministériel lancé en janvier 2023 en vue de mesurer les impacts des Pfas sur 5 000 installations classées et, plus largement, sur l’ensemble des prélèvements d’eau. Ces contrôles, effectués par les industriels, les agences régionales de santé (ARS) et la direction générale de la prévention des risques (DGPR), permettront de dresser un diagnostic des contaminations. Le bilan de cette campagne sera bientôt connu et je m’engage à faire la pleine transparence sur ses résultats. Dès qu’ils seront consolidés – lorsque les trois mesures distinctes effectuées sur chaque site auront été effectuées –, ils seront publiés sur les sites internet des directions régionales de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (Dreal). Les premiers résultats disponibles en Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes permettent déjà de dresser un constat important : l’origine des contaminations n’est pas seulement industrielle, les aéroports étant une source majeure de pollution aux Pfas à travers les mousses utilisées dans le cadre des exercices anti-incendie.Le plan interministériel d’action sur les Pfas, publié aujourd’hui par le Gouvernement, rassemble les actions déjà existantes en les complétant. Élaboré par les ministères chargés de la transition écologique, du travail et de la santé, de l’intérieur, de l’agriculture, des armées, et de la recherche, il permettra de coordonner toutes les administrations pour étendre la campagne de mesures, réduire les rejets le plus vite possible et dépolluer l’environnement, à travers vingt-six actions qui seront chacune confiées à une administration pilote, afin de responsabiliser les acteurs. Bercy, par exemple, sera chargé du contrôle systématique des Pfas interdits dans les produits importés par les douanes – contrôles que les services assurent évidemment déjà pour les PFOA et les Pfos, interdits au niveau européen. Le directeur général de la prévention des risques et le directeur général de la santé feront un rapport régulier aux ministres concernés.Concrètement, ce plan comporte trois mesures phares. En premier lieu, des arrêtés préfectoraux seront pris pour réduire au plus vite les rejets industriels au minimum techniquement réalisable, sur la base à la fois des mesures des rejets de 5 000 installations industrielles et des travaux de l’Echa, au niveau européen, et de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), au niveau national.En second lieu, des dispositifs de traitement des Pfas seront mis en place dans les installations traitées par des mousses anti-incendie, notamment les aéroports.En troisième et dernier lieu, il prévoit, le cas échéant, la dépollution des Pfas par les collectivités avec le soutien des agences de l’eau.Pour protéger nos concitoyens, le Gouvernement agit donc dans les deux dimensions de la lutte contre les polluants éternels, et ce dans une optique d’efficacité, c’est-à-dire à l’échelle pertinente pour chaque mesure. Pour encadrer les rejets des installations classées, l’échelle pertinente se situe au niveau du préfet, de l’installation elle-même ou du territoire. Pour interdire ou restreindre la mise sur le marché ou l’usage de produits chimiques, il convient d’agir dans le cadre européen…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Évidemment, nous n’attendrons pas que les 5 000 – voire 12 000 – Pfas existants soient examinés pour prendre des décisions : à chaque fois que le comité compétent identifiera des Pfas comme dangereux, nous en tirerons les conséquences, soit en prononçant des interdictions sectorielles, soit en régulant les flux ou les usages des produits concernés. Les interdictions sectorielles seront prévues dans tous les règlements européens en cours de discussion, comme l’illustre d’ailleurs l’adoption récente du principe d’interdiction des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires dès 2026. Nous nous engageons à procéder de la même façon pour les règlements relatifs aux jouets, aux cosmétiques ou encore aux textiles, à mesure que les connaissances scientifiques progresseront. Cette démarche n’empêche nullement les filières de s’engager également, ce que certaines font d’ailleurs. Cet engagement à agir à l’échelle européenne est public : il figure dans le plan d’action relatif aux Pfas dévoilé aujourd’hui par le Gouvernement.Le second point, tout aussi important, consiste à réduire les pollutions de l’environnement – ce que j’appelais tout à l’heure les stocks et les flux de rejets. Ce travail – réduire les rejets de Pfas, dépolluer les écosystèmes, assurer la qualité de l’eau potable – relève de la responsabilité nationale. Il a d’ailleurs été lancé dès 1998, par le biais d’un arrêté du 2 février établissant une valeur limite de concentration de 25 microgrammes par litre dans les eaux rejetées en milieu naturel, complété par l’ordonnance du 22 décembre 2022 relative à l’accès et à la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, qui généralise la réalisation d’un diagnostic Pfas.Nous avons accéléré cette démarche depuis 2023, à travers le plan ministériel lancé en janvier 2023 en vue de mesurer les impacts des Pfas sur 5 000 installations classées et, plus largement, sur l’ensemble des prélèvements d’eau. Ces contrôles, effectués par les industriels, les agences régionales de santé (ARS) et la direction générale de la prévention des risques (DGPR), permettront de dresser un diagnostic des contaminations. Le bilan de cette campagne sera bientôt connu et je m’engage à faire la pleine transparence sur ses résultats. Dès qu’ils seront consolidés – lorsque les trois mesures distinctes effectuées sur chaque site auront été effectuées –, ils seront publiés sur les sites internet des directions régionales de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (Dreal). Les premiers résultats disponibles en Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes permettent déjà de dresser un constat important : l’origine des contaminations n’est pas seulement industrielle, les aéroports étant une source majeure de pollution aux Pfas à travers les mousses utilisées dans le cadre des exercices anti-incendie.Le plan interministériel d’action sur les Pfas, publié aujourd’hui par le Gouvernement, rassemble les actions déjà existantes en les complétant. Élaboré par les ministères chargés de la transition écologique, du travail et de la santé, de l’intérieur, de l’agriculture, des armées, et de la recherche, il permettra de coordonner toutes les administrations pour étendre la campagne de mesures, réduire les rejets le plus vite possible et dépolluer l’environnement, à travers vingt-six actions qui seront chacune confiées à une administration pilote, afin de responsabiliser les acteurs. Bercy, par exemple, sera chargé du contrôle systématique des Pfas interdits dans les produits importés par les douanes – contrôles que les services assurent évidemment déjà pour les PFOA et les Pfos, interdits au niveau européen. Le directeur général de la prévention des risques et le directeur général de la santé feront un rapport régulier aux ministres concernés.Concrètement, ce plan comporte trois mesures phares. En premier lieu, des arrêtés préfectoraux seront pris pour réduire au plus vite les rejets industriels au minimum techniquement réalisable, sur la base à la fois des mesures des rejets de 5 000 installations industrielles et des travaux de l’Echa, au niveau européen, et de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), au niveau national.En second lieu, des dispositifs de traitement des Pfas seront mis en place dans les installations traitées par des mousses anti-incendie, notamment les aéroports.En troisième et dernier lieu, il prévoit, le cas échéant, la dépollution des Pfas par les collectivités avec le soutien des agences de l’eau.Pour protéger nos concitoyens, le Gouvernement agit donc dans les deux dimensions de la lutte contre les polluants éternels, et ce dans une optique d’efficacité, c’est-à-dire à l’échelle pertinente pour chaque mesure. Pour encadrer les rejets des installations classées, l’échelle pertinente se situe au niveau du préfet, de l’installation elle-même ou du territoire. Pour interdire ou restreindre la mise sur le marché ou l’usage de produits chimiques, il convient d’agir dans le cadre européen…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426066",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 87,
   "text": "…régi par le règlement Reach. Entré en vigueur en 2007, ce texte est à la fois reconnu, y compris par les organisations environnementales, comme constituant une des régulations les plus efficaces au monde dans ce domaine et salué par les industriels pour son caractère scientifique et, partant, opposable. Il a permis d’identifier 181 produits ayant un impact négatif sur la santé et d’interdire le bisphénol A, le PFOA et les nonylphénols, perturbateurs endocriniens qui ne sont pas encore prohibés aux États-Unis.Pourquoi ce cadre, qui protège les Européens depuis dix-sept ans, ne serait-il plus adapté ? Mes collègues des pays qui défendent l’interdiction des Pfas au niveau européen, à savoir l’Allemagne – dont le gouvernement inclut des écologistes –, les Pays-Bas, le Danemark…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 87,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426066",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "Na192125121e6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…régi par le règlement Reach. Entré en vigueur en 2007, ce texte est à la fois reconnu, y compris par les organisations environnementales, comme constituant une des régulations les plus efficaces au monde dans ce domaine et salué par les industriels pour son caractère scientifique et, partant, opposable. Il a permis d’identifier 181 produits ayant un impact négatif sur la santé et d’interdire le bisphénol A, le PFOA et les nonylphénols, perturbateurs endocriniens qui ne sont pas encore prohibés aux États-Unis.Pourquoi ce cadre, qui protège les Européens depuis dix-sept ans, ne serait-il plus adapté ? Mes collègues des pays qui défendent l’interdiction des Pfas au niveau européen, à savoir l’Allemagne – dont le gouvernement inclut des écologistes –, les Pays-Bas, le Danemark…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426069",
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   "order": 90,
   "text": "…la Norvège et la Suède, avec qui nous travaillons étroitement, sont profondément surpris que la France fasse cavalier seul.Ils s’étonnent que nous ne respections pas les cadres européens que nous nous sommes donnés, d’autant que cette méthode est inefficace : agir en Européens, c’est mieux protéger nos concitoyens. La force normative du marché unique assure l’effectivité des interdictions dans un marché européen au sein duquel les produits, les hommes et les femmes circulent de manière libre.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 90,
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426069",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N26aebaa32c96",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…la Norvège et la Suède, avec qui nous travaillons étroitement, sont profondément surpris que la France fasse cavalier seul.Ils s’étonnent que nous ne respections pas les cadres européens que nous nous sommes donnés, d’autant que cette méthode est inefficace : agir en Européens, c’est mieux protéger nos concitoyens. La force normative du marché unique assure l’effectivité des interdictions dans un marché européen au sein duquel les produits, les hommes et les femmes circulent de manière libre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
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   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426072",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 93,
   "text": "Le cadre européen assure également la rationalité de notre action : nous sommes plus puissants épaulés par des institutions européennes qui rassemblent des experts des vingt-sept États membres. Là où l’Echa a besoin de vingt-quatre à trente-six mois pour analyser 5 000 Pfas, il aurait fallu des années à une agence nationale. Vous croyez à l’Europe, rassemblons-nous derrière les institutions européennes !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 93,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426072",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N10c2cdbf1acc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le cadre européen assure également la rationalité de notre action : nous sommes plus puissants épaulés par des institutions européennes qui rassemblent des experts des vingt-sept États membres. Là où l’Echa a besoin de vingt-quatre à trente-six mois pour analyser 5 000 Pfas, il aurait fallu des années à une agence nationale. Vous croyez à l’Europe, rassemblons-nous derrière les institutions européennes !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426074",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426074"
   ],
   "order": 95,
   "text": "Je suis désolé, mais la méthode que vous proposez n’est pas la bonne. Ce n’est pas grâce à une proposition de loi adoptée à l’échelle nationale que nous pourrons protéger efficacement les Françaises et les Français, ce qui constitue in fine notre objectif commun.Si l’approche nationale est privilégiée dans chaque pays de l’Union européenne, que se passera-t-il ? Chaque pays interdira dans son coin une liste différente de Pfas, en se fondant sur des travaux scientifiques de qualité variable. Vingt-sept réglementations différentes : c’est la voie vers une application défaillante, une santé mal protégée et des contrôles aux frontières créant des situations absurdes. Imaginez-vous les douaniers contrôlant les produits en provenance d’Allemagne, de Pologne, d’Italie, d’Espagne ou des Pays-Bas pour s’assurer que les 5 000 Pfas que vous avez interdits dans les textiles n’y sont pas présents ? C’est tout simplement inopérant.Je crois au marché unique européen…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 95,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426074",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N1d955457def3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis désolé, mais la méthode que vous proposez n’est pas la bonne. Ce n’est pas grâce à une proposition de loi adoptée à l’échelle nationale que nous pourrons protéger efficacement les Françaises et les Français, ce qui constitue in fine notre objectif commun.Si l’approche nationale est privilégiée dans chaque pays de l’Union européenne, que se passera-t-il ? Chaque pays interdira dans son coin une liste différente de Pfas, en se fondant sur des travaux scientifiques de qualité variable. Vingt-sept réglementations différentes : c’est la voie vers une application défaillante, une santé mal protégée et des contrôles aux frontières créant des situations absurdes. Imaginez-vous les douaniers contrôlant les produits en provenance d’Allemagne, de Pologne, d’Italie, d’Espagne ou des Pays-Bas pour s’assurer que les 5 000 Pfas que vous avez interdits dans les textiles n’y sont pas présents ? C’est tout simplement inopérant.Je crois au marché unique européen…"
  },
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   "legislature": 16,
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   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426078",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426078"
   ],
   "order": 99,
   "text": "…– j’avais cru comprendre que vous y croyiez aussi – et en la nécessité de travailler en Européens. L’Europe est un gain de puissance, c’est un tout plus grand que la somme des parties. C’est vrai pour la réglementation chimique comme pour beaucoup d’autres sujets.La méthode de cette proposition de loi n’est pas la bonne, car elle ignore le rôle des scientifiques et le travail des agences indépendantes. Le périmètre visé dans votre texte est instructif, puisqu’il manquera probablement sa cible : il n’interdit pas les Pfas anti-incendie, qui constituent à ce jour la première cause de contamination dans les mesures objectives faites en Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. À l’inverse, il interdit des produits qui ne sont probablement pas toxiques, comme les fameux revêtements antiadhésifs de cuisine. Mais voilà, vous vous êtes payé la poêle Tefal, vous êtes heureux ! Pour le reste, la pollution se poursuit. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 99,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426078",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 151,
   "annotation_id": "Ndddbe07152f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…– j’avais cru comprendre que vous y croyiez aussi – et en la nécessité de travailler en Européens. L’Europe est un gain de puissance, c’est un tout plus grand que la somme des parties. C’est vrai pour la réglementation chimique comme pour beaucoup d’autres sujets.La méthode de cette proposition de loi n’est pas la bonne, car elle ignore le rôle des scientifiques et le travail des agences indépendantes. Le périmètre visé dans votre texte est instructif, puisqu’il manquera probablement sa cible : il n’interdit pas les Pfas anti-incendie, qui constituent à ce jour la première cause de contamination dans les mesures objectives faites en Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. À l’inverse, il interdit des produits qui ne sont probablement pas toxiques, comme les fameux revêtements antiadhésifs de cuisine. Mais voilà, vous vous êtes payé la poêle Tefal, vous êtes heureux ! Pour le reste, la pollution se poursuit. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426086",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426086"
   ],
   "order": 107,
   "text": "…c’est en gagner en évitant les mauvaises décisions. La crise sanitaire nous l’a appris.Je l’ai dit et je le répéterai à l’occasion de la défense des amendements, le Gouvernement souhaite bien sûr protéger la santé de nos concitoyens ainsi que l’environnement…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 107,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426086",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N6860e8c84515",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…c’est en gagner en évitant les mauvaises décisions. La crise sanitaire nous l’a appris.Je l’ai dit et je le répéterai à l’occasion de la défense des amendements, le Gouvernement souhaite bien sûr protéger la santé de nos concitoyens ainsi que l’environnement…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426089",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426089"
   ],
   "order": 110,
   "text": "…et disposer d’une législation non pas contre-productive, mais efficace.Ces principes, et eux seuls, guideront notre discussion sur les amendements. Je suis très heureux d’entamer la discussion générale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 110,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426089",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N71c31257d612",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…et disposer d’une législation non pas contre-productive, mais efficace.Ces principes, et eux seuls, guideront notre discussion sur les amendements. Je suis très heureux d’entamer la discussion générale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RE et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426093",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426093"
   ],
   "order": 114,
   "text": "Dans cent ans, quelle trace aurons-nous laissée dans l’histoire ? A priori, les pyramides seront toujours debout, on pourra continuer d’admirer les colonnes du Parthénon et on écoutera peut-être encore Beethoven, Led Zeppelin et pourquoi pas Orelsan. Mais dans cent ans, nos successeurs devront aussi s’occuper d’un héritage autrement plus encombrant : les polluants dits éternels, plusieurs millions de tonnes de ces substances aussi appelées Pfas, répandus au fil des décennies dans nos sols, notre air ou dans l’eau que nous buvons.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 114,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426093",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "N542a5b11d1e9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans cent ans, quelle trace aurons-nous laissée dans l’histoire ? A priori, les pyramides seront toujours debout, on pourra continuer d’admirer les colonnes du Parthénon et on écoutera peut-être encore Beethoven, Led Zeppelin et pourquoi pas Orelsan. Mais dans cent ans, nos successeurs devront aussi s’occuper d’un héritage autrement plus encombrant : les polluants dits éternels, plusieurs millions de tonnes de ces substances aussi appelées Pfas, répandus au fil des décennies dans nos sols, notre air ou dans l’eau que nous buvons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426095",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426095"
   ],
   "order": 116,
   "text": "Tout le monde expliquera ici, ou a expliqué ailleurs, ce que sont les Pfas : extrêmement persistants, extrêmement résistants, ils sont partout, dans 99 % des corps des Français et même dans l’estomac des ours polaires.Tout le monde a appelé ou appellera l’attention sur le caractère généralisé de cette pollution. Tout le monde redira combien les Pfas sont pernicieux, à cause de leur fâcheuse tendance à se déplacer très vite dans l’environnement et à s’accumuler dans les tissus vivants et les milieux, d’où leur qualification de « polluants éternels ».Tout le monde a souligné qu’ils sont omniprésents dans notre quotidien : ustensiles de cuisine, emballages alimentaires, textiles, cosmétiques, farts de ski. Les fabricants de poêles n’ont pas l’apanage des Pfas et nous ne nous payons pas Tefal, bien au contraire. Nous avons d’ailleurs rencontré hier les salariés de l’entreprise – j’y reviendrai.Tout le monde dira ici que nul n’est ou ne sera épargné par les Pfas : ni les femmes et les hommes ayant banni des produits utilisant des Pfas, ni les nouveau-nés qui se nourrissent du lait maternel, ni les ours polaires. Je ne vis pas dans la vallée de la chimie. Pourtant, mes cheveux contiennent des valeurs très importantes de PFOA et de Pfos, alors même que le premier est interdit depuis 2020 et la production comme l’utilisation du second très fortement restreintes depuis 2009.La vérité, c’est que les Pfas constituent le scandale sanitaire de notre siècle, un scandale de la même ampleur que ceux de l’amiante ou du tabac !Tout le monde sait ce qui se passe à Pierre-Bénite, dans la vallée de la chimie, au sud de Lyon. Les salariés de Daikin et Arkema en témoignent : « C’est partout, c’est dans l’air ». Les salariés de l’industrie chimique sont les premiers exposés et ils veulent que nous le sachions, comme ce salarié de Total que j’ai rencontré à Saint-Avold et qui se demandait pourquoi nous ne faisions rien sur les Pfas.Tout le monde sait qu’après avoir été exposé à une telle substance, on peut la garder jusqu’à la fin de sa vie, ce qui fait courir des risques sanitaires importants, avec des conséquences dramatiques sur la santé.Je vous laisse imaginer l’état de santé des salariés de l’industrie chimique ayant été exposés à de fortes doses : « Je n’ai même pas 40 ans et je suis malade » nous dit un salarié d’Arkema dans une enquête de France 3. D’autres salariés expriment des regrets : « On croit ce que dit l’entreprise ; si j’avais su, je n’aurais peut-être pas risqué ma vie pour 2 000 euros par mois ».Le monde industriel et une partie du monde politique savent que ces produits sont toxiques, et ce depuis 1950. Aux États-Unis, le sujet est sur la table depuis fort longtemps.On sait et pourtant, on tergiverse…Monsieur le ministre, vous avez souvent vanté dans cet hémicycle la coconstruction des textes. Nous présentons une proposition de loi – tel est bien le sens d’une niche parlementaire – pour avancer sur le sujet. Et vous nous dites que celui-ci doit être renvoyé à plus tard, qu’un plan sera mis en œuvre, que l’initiative parlementaire n’aurait aucun sens en l’espèce.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 116,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426095",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 529,
   "annotation_id": "N6d9c1383fbb8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tout le monde expliquera ici, ou a expliqué ailleurs, ce que sont les Pfas : extrêmement persistants, extrêmement résistants, ils sont partout, dans 99 % des corps des Français et même dans l’estomac des ours polaires.Tout le monde a appelé ou appellera l’attention sur le caractère généralisé de cette pollution. Tout le monde redira combien les Pfas sont pernicieux, à cause de leur fâcheuse tendance à se déplacer très vite dans l’environnement et à s’accumuler dans les tissus vivants et les milieux, d’où leur qualification de « polluants éternels ».Tout le monde a souligné qu’ils sont omniprésents dans notre quotidien : ustensiles de cuisine, emballages alimentaires, textiles, cosmétiques, farts de ski. Les fabricants de poêles n’ont pas l’apanage des Pfas et nous ne nous payons pas Tefal, bien au contraire. Nous avons d’ailleurs rencontré hier les salariés de l’entreprise – j’y reviendrai.Tout le monde dira ici que nul n’est ou ne sera épargné par les Pfas : ni les femmes et les hommes ayant banni des produits utilisant des Pfas, ni les nouveau-nés qui se nourrissent du lait maternel, ni les ours polaires. Je ne vis pas dans la vallée de la chimie. Pourtant, mes cheveux contiennent des valeurs très importantes de PFOA et de Pfos, alors même que le premier est interdit depuis 2020 et la production comme l’utilisation du second très fortement restreintes depuis 2009.La vérité, c’est que les Pfas constituent le scandale sanitaire de notre siècle, un scandale de la même ampleur que ceux de l’amiante ou du tabac !Tout le monde sait ce qui se passe à Pierre-Bénite, dans la vallée de la chimie, au sud de Lyon. Les salariés de Daikin et Arkema en témoignent : « C’est partout, c’est dans l’air ». Les salariés de l’industrie chimique sont les premiers exposés et ils veulent que nous le sachions, comme ce salarié de Total que j’ai rencontré à Saint-Avold et qui se demandait pourquoi nous ne faisions rien sur les Pfas.Tout le monde sait qu’après avoir été exposé à une telle substance, on peut la garder jusqu’à la fin de sa vie, ce qui fait courir des risques sanitaires importants, avec des conséquences dramatiques sur la santé.Je vous laisse imaginer l’état de santé des salariés de l’industrie chimique ayant été exposés à de fortes doses : « Je n’ai même pas 40 ans et je suis malade » nous dit un salarié d’Arkema dans une enquête de France 3. D’autres salariés expriment des regrets : « On croit ce que dit l’entreprise ; si j’avais su, je n’aurais peut-être pas risqué ma vie pour 2 000 euros par mois ».Le monde industriel et une partie du monde politique savent que ces produits sont toxiques, et ce depuis 1950. Aux États-Unis, le sujet est sur la table depuis fort longtemps.On sait et pourtant, on tergiverse…Monsieur le ministre, vous avez souvent vanté dans cet hémicycle la coconstruction des textes. Nous présentons une proposition de loi – tel est bien le sens d’une niche parlementaire – pour avancer sur le sujet. Et vous nous dites que celui-ci doit être renvoyé à plus tard, qu’un plan sera mis en œuvre, que l’initiative parlementaire n’aurait aucun sens en l’espèce."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426107",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426107"
   ],
   "order": 128,
   "text": "Selon vous, nous opposerions emploi et écologie. Ce n’est pas le cas, et vous le savez. Vous savez que j’effectue un tour de France sur les questions industrielles pour marier demain emploi et écologie. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) Lors du débat sur la loi relative à l’industrie verte, vous avez refusé d’intégrer le sujet des Pfas. Nicolas Thierry a formulé des propositions, j’en ai fait aussi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.) Aucune n’a été retenue, ce n’était pas le sujet du moment.Aujourd’hui, ce sujet est devant nous et nous devons le traiter. Nous n’avons pas le temps d’attendre. Oui, nous sommes Européens et nous souhaitons que l’Europe adopte les mesures les plus ambitieuses en la matière, mais nous ne pouvons faire un pari sur ce point.Nous voulons faire comme le Danemark, qui a déjà interdit les Pfas dans tous les emballages alimentaires. Si le Danemark l’a fait, la France peut être un fer de lance pour pousser l’Europe à aller le plus loin possible.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 128,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426107",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 177,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd03a7a0bd8a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Selon vous, nous opposerions emploi et écologie. Ce n’est pas le cas, et vous le savez. Vous savez que j’effectue un tour de France sur les questions industrielles pour marier demain emploi et écologie. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) Lors du débat sur la loi relative à l’industrie verte, vous avez refusé d’intégrer le sujet des Pfas. [PERSONNE] a formulé des propositions, j’en ai fait aussi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Aucune n’a été retenue, ce n’était pas le sujet du moment.Aujourd’hui, ce sujet est devant nous et nous devons le traiter. Nous n’avons pas le temps d’attendre. Oui, nous sommes Européens et nous souhaitons que l’Europe adopte les mesures les plus ambitieuses en la matière, mais nous ne pouvons faire un pari sur ce point.Nous voulons faire comme le Danemark, qui a déjà interdit les Pfas dans tous les emballages alimentaires. Si le Danemark l’a fait, la France peut être un fer de lance pour pousser l’Europe à aller le plus loin possible."
  },
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   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
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   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426110",
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   ],
   "order": 132,
   "text": "En ce moment, l’Europe recule sur la réglementation Reach et sur la notation extra-financière et nous nous en inquiétons. La France doit se positionner pour être en pointe sur le sujet. (Mme Christine Arrighi applaudit.)Nous aurions pu attendre des mesures européennes, mais cela serait insuffisant. Il nous faut agir maintenant.Après l’argument nous invitant à attendre, on utilise la technique du brouillage technique en distinguant polymères et monomères.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 132,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426110",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "N77138b822a5c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En ce moment, l’Europe recule sur la réglementation Reach et sur la notation extra-financière et nous nous en inquiétons. La France doit se positionner pour être en pointe sur le sujet. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Nous aurions pu attendre des mesures européennes, mais cela serait insuffisant. Il nous faut agir maintenant.Après l’argument nous invitant à attendre, on utilise la technique du brouillage technique en distinguant polymères et monomères."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426114",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426114"
   ],
   "order": 136,
   "text": "Cette distinction ne vise qu’à perdre l’auditoire. L’ensemble des catégories posent problème. Un polymère chauffé à plus de 340 degrés comme cela se produit dans les processus industriels peut redevenir un monomère. Les deux sont indissociables ; c’est un même sujet. Nous devons assumer nos responsabilités et appliquer le principe de précaution.Vous évoquez un plan interministériel, à l’image des plans sur l’eau ou la sobriété.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 136,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426114",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N4854322d8d30",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette distinction ne vise qu’à perdre l’auditoire. L’ensemble des catégories posent problème. Un polymère chauffé à plus de 340 degrés comme cela se produit dans les processus industriels peut redevenir un monomère. Les deux sont indissociables ; c’est un même sujet. Nous devons assumer nos responsabilités et appliquer le principe de précaution.Vous évoquez un plan interministériel, à l’image des plans sur l’eau ou la sobriété."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426117",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426117"
   ],
   "order": 139,
   "text": "Mais ils n’ont pas donné de résultats suffisants. Nous avançons vite lorsque nous légiférons, et c’est ce que nous vous proposons de faire aujourd’hui.Enfin, on agite l’épouvantail du chômage et des suppressions d’emplois. Nous avons discuté avec les salariés de Tefal, qui semblaient ignorer ce que dit l’ARS des eaux et boues rejetées par Tefal – on y trouve encore des PFOA, interdits depuis 2020. Nous avons pu avoir une discussion constructive. Il est possible de transformer les chaînes de production et de continuer à fabriquer des poêles. Nous n’allons pas supprimer tous les emplois, mais il faut changer les modes de production. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille proteste.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 139,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426117",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "N953ad867f55d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mais ils n’ont pas donné de résultats suffisants. Nous avançons vite lorsque nous légiférons, et c’est ce que nous vous proposons de faire aujourd’hui.Enfin, on agite l’épouvantail du chômage et des suppressions d’emplois. Nous avons discuté avec les salariés de Tefal, qui semblaient ignorer ce que dit l’ARS des eaux et boues rejetées par Tefal – on y trouve encore des PFOA, interdits depuis 2020. Nous avons pu avoir une discussion constructive. Il est possible de transformer les chaînes de production et de continuer à fabriquer des poêles. Nous n’allons pas supprimer tous les emplois, mais il faut changer les modes de production. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] proteste.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426120",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426120"
   ],
   "order": 143,
   "text": "Il faut agir vite et nous proposons des délais raisonnables. Nicolas Thierry a présenté de nombreux amendements de compromis. Le texte a été voté à l’unanimité parce que des compromis ont été trouvés grâce au rapporteur, qui mérite de nombreux applaudissements. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)Une autre industrie est possible, d’autres emplois sont possibles. Une véritable industrie verte n’est pas une industrie décarbonée, mais une industrie qui n’altère pas la santé, qui n’utilise pas de perturbateurs endocriniens, qui fait le pari de la qualité, de la proximité, de la coopération et de la santé de ses salariés.Maintenant que tout cela a été dit, qu’est-ce qui justifierait d’attendre ? Pourquoi distinguer les sujets, pourquoi interdire les Pfas dans les cosmétiques et renvoyer à demain leur interdiction dans les ustensiles de cuisine ? Il existe des alternatives : Tefal fabrique déjà des poêles sans Pfas. La plupart des industriels que nous avons auditionnés se disent prêts à modifier leurs procédés rapidement : la Fédération française de ski est disposée à supprimer les Pfas dans les farts, l’Union des industries textiles est d’accord pour avancer sur le sujet, McDonald’s a supprimé les Pfas dans ses emballages. Pourquoi attendre encore ? Il faut répondre à l’urgence, et c’est le sens de la proposition de loi de Nicolas Thierry.Allez voir le film Dark Waters ! Il s’agit d’un vrai film et non d’un documentaire, vous ne vous ennuierez pas. Vous apprendrez beaucoup de choses sur les Pfas. Vous apprendrez ce qui se passe aux États-Unis depuis les années cinquante : les malformations des bébés, les vaches qui meurent. Vous découvrirez le travail de l’avocat Robert Bilott, qui continue à se battre sur le sujet. Il faut voir ce film. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupes Écolo-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)Allez voir aussi le documentaire de Camille Étienne qui vient de sortir ! Vous apprendrez beaucoup. Elle est ici dans les tribunes : je la salue. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES. – M. Marcellin Nadaud applaudit également.) Nous avons besoin de courage politique. Il nous faut mettre les industriels devant leurs responsabilités. Je n’oppose pas écologie et emploi. Au contraire, repousser les décisions à demain mettrait les emplois en péril dans un certain nombre d’activités. Celles et ceux qui sauront faire ces changements garantiront les emplois à long terme.Les Pays-Bas nous ont ouvert la voie. D’autres pays les imitent ; la France doit être le fer de lance de ces évolutions.Auparavant, nous devons marteler ici que le meilleur moyen de vider une baignoire est de couper le robinet – car cela coûte cher. En l’occurrence, il faut le couper au niveau de la production, mais aussi des rejets, stopper aussi bien l’un que l’autre. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) Sur cette question, je partage le point de vue du collègue Isaac-Sibille,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 143,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426120",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 478,
   "annotation_id": "N44a1f6f8a306",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELMPQRS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut agir vite et nous proposons des délais raisonnables. [PERSONNE] a présenté de nombreux amendements de compromis. Le texte a été voté à l’unanimité parce que des compromis ont été trouvés grâce au rapporteur, qui mérite de nombreux applaudissements. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)Une autre industrie est possible, d’autres emplois sont possibles. Une véritable industrie verte n’est pas une industrie décarbonée, mais une industrie qui n’altère pas la santé, qui n’utilise pas de perturbateurs endocriniens, qui fait le pari de la qualité, de la proximité, de la coopération et de la santé de ses salariés.Maintenant que tout cela a été dit, qu’est-ce qui justifierait d’attendre ? Pourquoi distinguer les sujets, pourquoi interdire les Pfas dans les cosmétiques et renvoyer à demain leur interdiction dans les ustensiles de cuisine ? Il existe des alternatives : Tefal fabrique déjà des poêles sans Pfas. La plupart des industriels que nous avons auditionnés se disent prêts à modifier leurs procédés rapidement : la Fédération française de ski est disposée à supprimer les Pfas dans les farts, l’Union des industries textiles est d’accord pour avancer sur le sujet, McDonald’s a supprimé les Pfas dans ses emballages. Pourquoi attendre encore ? Il faut répondre à l’urgence, et c’est le sens de la proposition de loi de [PERSONNE].Allez voir le film Dark Waters ! Il s’agit d’un vrai film et non d’un documentaire, vous ne vous ennuierez pas. Vous apprendrez beaucoup de choses sur les Pfas. Vous apprendrez ce qui se passe aux États-Unis depuis les années cinquante : les malformations des bébés, les vaches qui meurent. Vous découvrirez le travail de l’avocat Robert Bilott, qui continue à se battre sur le sujet. Il faut voir ce film. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)Allez voir aussi le documentaire de Camille Étienne qui vient de sortir ! Vous apprendrez beaucoup. Elle est ici dans les tribunes : je la salue. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. Marcellin Nadaud applaudit également.) Nous avons besoin de courage politique. Il nous faut mettre les industriels devant leurs responsabilités. Je n’oppose pas écologie et emploi. Au contraire, repousser les décisions à demain mettrait les emplois en péril dans un certain nombre d’activités. Celles et ceux qui sauront faire ces changements garantiront les emplois à long terme.Les Pays-Bas nous ont ouvert la voie. D’autres pays les imitent ; la France doit être le fer de lance de ces évolutions.Auparavant, nous devons marteler ici que le meilleur moyen de vider une baignoire est de couper le robinet – car cela coûte cher. En l’occurrence, il faut le couper au niveau de la production, mais aussi des rejets, stopper aussi bien l’un que l’autre. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) Sur cette question, je partage le point de vue du collègue Isaac-Sibille,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426441",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426441"
   ],
   "order": 152,
   "text": "…dont je salue une nouvelle fois le rapport tout en rappelant qu’il doit être suivi d’effets à la hauteur.Cette proposition de loi n’est pas punitive. Dans de nombreux secteurs, comme le textile ou les sports d’hiver, le marché est déjà prêt. Allons donc plus loin, monsieur le ministre ! Osons dès aujourd’hui franchir une étape, de manière raisonnable, vers une sortie des Pfas – nous avons renvoyé à plus tard les questions difficiles. Grâce au travail du rapporteur, de nombreuses personnes se sont mobilisées autour de cette question.Comme nous l’avons fait en commission, nous devons ici voter ce texte à l’unanimité. C’est indispensable : il y va de notre avenir et de celui de nos enfants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et LFI-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 152,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426441",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 133,
   "annotation_id": "N52a82853be53",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…dont je salue une nouvelle fois le rapport tout en rappelant qu’il doit être suivi d’effets à la hauteur.Cette proposition de loi n’est pas punitive. Dans de nombreux secteurs, comme le textile ou les sports d’hiver, le marché est déjà prêt. Allons donc plus loin, monsieur le ministre ! Osons dès aujourd’hui franchir une étape, de manière raisonnable, vers une sortie des Pfas – nous avons renvoyé à plus tard les questions difficiles. Grâce au travail du rapporteur, de nombreuses personnes se sont mobilisées autour de cette question.Comme nous l’avons fait en commission, nous devons ici voter ce texte à l’unanimité. C’est indispensable : il y va de notre avenir et de celui de nos enfants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426446",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426446"
   ],
   "order": 156,
   "text": "Les polluants éternels : ainsi désigne-t-on les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées ou Pfas. L’adjectif « éternels » n’est pas choisi au hasard : une fois libérées dans notre environnement, ces substances persistent pendant des décennies, s’accumulant dans les écosystèmes et les organismes vivants, y compris les nôtres.Les Pfas rassemblent plus de 4 000 composés chimiques, largement répandus dans notre quotidien car ils ont des propriétés antiadhésives, imperméabilisantes et thermorésistantes. Cependant, ils représentent une menace sérieuse pour la santé humaine et pour la biodiversité.Les scientifiques ont mis en évidence un large éventail d’effets néfastes de ces substances, allant de maladies bien identifiées à des réactions plus subtiles de notre organisme. Parmi les effets les plus préoccupants sur la santé, citons une diminution importante de la réponse immunitaire et une augmentation du risque de cancer du rein – des risques unanimement reconnus. Le 1er décembre 2023, le Centre international de recherche sur le cancer a classé le PFOA comme substance cancérogène pour les humains et le Pfos comme probablement cancérogène.En légiférant sur ce sujet, la France a une nouvelle fois l’occasion de se placer en pionnière à l’échelle européenne et de montrer l’exemple en matière de protection des citoyens et de la nature.Le texte dont nous allons débattre revêt une importance capitale pour la santé de nos concitoyens et la préservation de notre environnement. Il est impératif que nous agissions avec détermination pour limiter l’exposition de notre population aux Pfas. Pour garantir une protection contre les risques associés à ces substances, il est nécessaire d’agir à la fois sur leur diffusion et sur leur production.Dans cette optique, il est d’abord essentiel de réduire l’utilisation des Pfas. C’est pourquoi nous défendons l’interdiction des produits contenant ces substances dans les secteurs des cosmétiques et du textile et dans les farts.Nous sommes également conscients des défis que représente cette transition pour certaines industries, notamment celles qui produisent des ustensiles de cuisine. Nous ne devons pas abandonner un secteur qui fait la fierté de l’industrie française et où des milliers d’emplois sont en jeu. Une interdiction prématurée de ces produits serait une erreur ouvrant la voie à des substitutions hasardeuses – nous en avons connu par le passé.En outre, nos acteurs industriels ont manifesté leur volonté d’agir et d’évoluer vers des solutions plus durables. Il est donc nécessaire de les accompagner dans cette voie et de les soutenir.Parallèlement, il est impératif d’agir au niveau de la production. Il est urgent de s’attaquer aux rejets industriels de Pfas dans l’eau, qui émanent d’un petit nombre d’installations industrielles mais représentent un risque significatif pour notre environnement et notre santé. Nous proposons donc d’établir une trajectoire nationale de réduction de ces rejets, avec des objectifs clairs et contraignants pour les installations concernées. Cette proposition est issue du rapport de notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille.Le débat sur le financement de la dépollution devra également avoir lieu. II sera nécessaire d’accompagner les collectivités territoriales dans cette démarche. En vertu du principe pollueur-payeur, les émetteurs de Pfas doivent soutenir l’effort de dépollution.Par ailleurs, il est essentiel d’informer au mieux le public. Il importe donc d’assurer une transparence totale sur le sujet, notamment en rendant publiques chaque année les analyses d’eau potable effectuées par les agences régionales de santé.Pour conclure, je tiens à rappeler que la question dont nous discutons nous est familière. Le rapport d’information présenté par nos collègues Yannick Haury et Vincent Descoeur a mis en lumière les problèmes posés par ces substances dans le cadre de la politique de l’eau. Une mission gouvernementale a été diligentée à cet effet et nous devons nous appuyer sur le travail exemplaire de M. Isaac-Sibille pour orienter nos débats.Il y a un an, le groupe LIOT a déposé une proposition de loi sur le même sujet. Aujourd’hui, un autre texte est à l’étude.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 156,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426446",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 628,
   "annotation_id": "Nfb120d0fe9a9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPQST",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les polluants éternels : ainsi désigne-t-on les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées ou Pfas. L’adjectif « éternels » n’est pas choisi au hasard : une fois libérées dans notre environnement, ces substances persistent pendant des décennies, s’accumulant dans les écosystèmes et les organismes vivants, y compris les nôtres.Les Pfas rassemblent plus de 4 000 composés chimiques, largement répandus dans notre quotidien car ils ont des propriétés antiadhésives, imperméabilisantes et thermorésistantes. Cependant, ils représentent une menace sérieuse pour la santé humaine et pour la biodiversité.Les scientifiques ont mis en évidence un large éventail d’effets néfastes de ces substances, allant de maladies bien identifiées à des réactions plus subtiles de notre organisme. Parmi les effets les plus préoccupants sur la santé, citons une diminution importante de la réponse immunitaire et une augmentation du risque de cancer du rein – des risques unanimement reconnus. Le 1er décembre 2023, le Centre international de recherche sur le cancer a classé le PFOA comme substance cancérogène pour les humains et le Pfos comme probablement cancérogène.En légiférant sur ce sujet, la France a une nouvelle fois l’occasion de se placer en pionnière à l’échelle européenne et de montrer l’exemple en matière de protection des citoyens et de la nature.Le texte dont nous allons débattre revêt une importance capitale pour la santé de nos concitoyens et la préservation de notre environnement. Il est impératif que nous agissions avec détermination pour limiter l’exposition de notre population aux Pfas. Pour garantir une protection contre les risques associés à ces substances, il est nécessaire d’agir à la fois sur leur diffusion et sur leur production.Dans cette optique, il est d’abord essentiel de réduire l’utilisation des Pfas. C’est pourquoi nous défendons l’interdiction des produits contenant ces substances dans les secteurs des cosmétiques et du textile et dans les farts.Nous sommes également conscients des défis que représente cette transition pour certaines industries, notamment celles qui produisent des ustensiles de cuisine. Nous ne devons pas abandonner un secteur qui fait la fierté de l’industrie française et où des milliers d’emplois sont en jeu. Une interdiction prématurée de ces produits serait une erreur ouvrant la voie à des substitutions hasardeuses – nous en avons connu par le passé.En outre, nos acteurs industriels ont manifesté leur volonté d’agir et d’évoluer vers des solutions plus durables. Il est donc nécessaire de les accompagner dans cette voie et de les soutenir.Parallèlement, il est impératif d’agir au niveau de la production. Il est urgent de s’attaquer aux rejets industriels de Pfas dans l’eau, qui émanent d’un petit nombre d’installations industrielles mais représentent un risque significatif pour notre environnement et notre santé. Nous proposons donc d’établir une trajectoire nationale de réduction de ces rejets, avec des objectifs clairs et contraignants pour les installations concernées. Cette proposition est issue du rapport de notre collègue [PERSONNE].Le débat sur le financement de la dépollution devra également avoir lieu. II sera nécessaire d’accompagner les collectivités territoriales dans cette démarche. En vertu du principe pollueur-payeur, les émetteurs de Pfas doivent soutenir l’effort de dépollution.Par ailleurs, il est essentiel d’informer au mieux le public. Il importe donc d’assurer une transparence totale sur le sujet, notamment en rendant publiques chaque année les analyses d’eau potable effectuées par les agences régionales de santé.Pour conclure, je tiens à rappeler que la question dont nous discutons nous est familière. Le rapport d’information présenté par nos collègues [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] a mis en lumière les problèmes posés par ces substances dans le cadre de la politique de l’eau. Une mission gouvernementale a été diligentée à cet effet et nous devons nous appuyer sur le travail exemplaire de M. Isaac-Sibille pour orienter nos débats.Il y a un an, le groupe LIOT a déposé une proposition de loi sur le même sujet. Aujourd’hui, un autre texte est à l’étude."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426460"
   ],
   "order": 170,
   "text": "Il est impératif que nous agissions. J’espère que nous pourrons débattre dans les meilleures conditions afin de surmonter nos divergences et de voter un texte qui revêt une importance cruciale pour les Français. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et HOR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 170,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426460",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "Nf8d88d742088",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est impératif que nous agissions. J’espère que nous pourrons débattre dans les meilleures conditions afin de surmonter nos divergences et de voter un texte qui revêt une importance cruciale pour les Français. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RE et HOR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426462",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426462"
   ],
   "order": 172,
   "text": "Les Pfas, ces substances aux propriétés chimiques remarquables, sont présentes dans une multitude de produits de notre quotidien, offrant des caractéristiques telles que la résistance à la chaleur et à la lumière, ainsi que des propriétés antiadhésives et antitaches. Leur utilisation ayant contribué au développement de nombreux secteurs industriels, il est important de reconnaître leur valeur dans notre économie.Cependant, nous ne pouvons ignorer les préoccupations légitimes concernant leur impact sur la santé publique et l’environnement. Il est essentiel de prendre des mesures pour évaluer et atténuer les risques associés à ces substances tout en garantissant la continuité des activités industrielles.Une interdiction immédiate des Pfas pourrait avoir des répercussions néfastes sur plusieurs secteurs économiques. Il est donc nécessaire d’adopter une approche souple qui permette aux entreprises de s’adapter. Cela suppose d’investir dans la recherche et le développement de solutions alternatives, tout en offrant un soutien aux industries pour faciliter leur transition vers des pratiques plus durables.Cette proposition de loi va plus loin que le règlement européen Reach. Elle établit une législation encore plus contraignante en interdisant notamment toute substance Pfas dans le domaine des ustensiles de cuisine. Nos producteurs seraient alors confrontés à la concurrence déloyale d’autres pays européens, et plus de 6 000 emplois menacés dans le seul domaine des ustensiles de cuisine.Par ailleurs, nous pouvons nous interroger sur la capacité de nos services de douane – qui effectuent un travail remarquable dans des conditions très difficiles – à contrôler la présence des Pfas dans les milliers de tonnes de marchandises qui arrivent chaque année en France.Avant d’interdire les Pfas, il faut s’assurer que plusieurs conditions sont réunies. Il faut instaurer un contrôle rigoureux des marchandises que nous importons sur le sol français pour éviter que des produits étrangers contenant des Pfas arrivent sur le territoire national. Il faut également développer nos connaissances en matière de Pfas. En effet, il existe entre 4 000 et 15 000 substances. Nous devons approfondir leur étude afin de connaître leurs spécificités et surtout leur niveau de dangerosité pour la santé humaine.Je tiens à vous alerter sur la terrible menace que représente l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er, qui prévoit d’interdire dès 2026 les ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas. Cette mesure, si elle était adoptée, condamnerait un fleuron de l’industrie française et pourrait plonger des milliers de travailleurs dans le chômage et la précarité.Imaginez la catastrophe industrielle qui se prépare : les usines produisant des poêles Tefal, telles que celles de Rumilly en Savoie ou de Tournus en Bourgogne, seraient contraintes de fermer leurs portes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 172,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426462",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 421,
   "annotation_id": "Nabe5ecba575c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EJMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les Pfas, ces substances aux propriétés chimiques remarquables, sont présentes dans une multitude de produits de notre quotidien, offrant des caractéristiques telles que la résistance à la chaleur et à la lumière, ainsi que des propriétés antiadhésives et antitaches. Leur utilisation ayant contribué au développement de nombreux secteurs industriels, il est important de reconnaître leur valeur dans notre économie.Cependant, nous ne pouvons ignorer les préoccupations légitimes concernant leur impact sur la santé publique et l’environnement. Il est essentiel de prendre des mesures pour évaluer et atténuer les risques associés à ces substances tout en garantissant la continuité des activités industrielles.Une interdiction immédiate des Pfas pourrait avoir des répercussions néfastes sur plusieurs secteurs économiques. Il est donc nécessaire d’adopter une approche souple qui permette aux entreprises de s’adapter. Cela suppose d’investir dans la recherche et le développement de solutions alternatives, tout en offrant un soutien aux industries pour faciliter leur transition vers des pratiques plus durables.Cette proposition de loi va plus loin que le règlement européen Reach. Elle établit une législation encore plus contraignante en interdisant notamment toute substance Pfas dans le domaine des ustensiles de cuisine. Nos producteurs seraient alors confrontés à la concurrence déloyale d’autres pays européens, et plus de 6 000 emplois menacés dans le seul domaine des ustensiles de cuisine.Par ailleurs, nous pouvons nous interroger sur la capacité de nos services de douane – qui effectuent un travail remarquable dans des conditions très difficiles – à contrôler la présence des Pfas dans les milliers de tonnes de marchandises qui arrivent chaque année en France.Avant d’interdire les Pfas, il faut s’assurer que plusieurs conditions sont réunies. Il faut instaurer un contrôle rigoureux des marchandises que nous importons sur le sol français pour éviter que des produits étrangers contenant des Pfas arrivent sur le territoire national. Il faut également développer nos connaissances en matière de Pfas. En effet, il existe entre 4 000 et 15 000 substances. Nous devons approfondir leur étude afin de connaître leurs spécificités et surtout leur niveau de dangerosité pour la santé humaine.Je tiens à vous alerter sur la terrible menace que représente l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er, qui prévoit d’interdire dès 2026 les ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas. Cette mesure, si elle était adoptée, condamnerait un fleuron de l’industrie française et pourrait plonger des milliers de travailleurs dans le chômage et la précarité.Imaginez la catastrophe industrielle qui se prépare : les usines produisant des poêles Tefal, telles que celles de Rumilly en Savoie ou de Tournus en Bourgogne, seraient contraintes de fermer leurs portes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426473",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426473"
   ],
   "order": 183,
   "text": "Pensons à ces 1 800 travailleurs dont les vies seraient bouleversées, jetés dans l’inquiétude du chômage et dans l’incertitude sur leur avenir. J’ai une pensée plus particulière pour les 140 salariés du groupe Seb, ancré dans ma circonscription, dans la commune de Faucogney-et-la-Mer. Leur espoir, c’est que nous laissions le temps aux producteurs d’ustensiles de cuisine de trouver un substitut satisfaisant plutôt que d’interdire brutalement, sans solution de remplacement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 183,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426473",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N017dc681bb93",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Pensons à ces 1 800 travailleurs dont les vies seraient bouleversées, jetés dans l’inquiétude du chômage et dans l’incertitude sur leur avenir. J’ai une pensée plus particulière pour les 140 salariés du groupe Seb, ancré dans ma circonscription, dans la commune de Faucogney-et-la-Mer. Leur espoir, c’est que nous laissions le temps aux producteurs d’ustensiles de cuisine de trouver un substitut satisfaisant plutôt que d’interdire brutalement, sans solution de remplacement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426475",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426475"
   ],
   "order": 185,
   "text": "Des substituts aux Pfas ont déjà été trouvés dans les autres secteurs mentionnés dans l’article 1er – je pense aux cosmétiques ou aux farts de ski. Cette proposition de loi ne changera donc rien pour ces industriels ; elle entraînera simplement l’inscription dans la loi d’un état de fait. Seule l’interdiction des importations de produits contenant des Pfas constituera une avancée – encore faut-il en avoir les moyens.Chers collègues, ne cédez pas à la tentation de l’écologie punitive qui menace de désindustrialiser encore un peu plus la France. Ne sous-estimons cependant pas non plus les réels dangers que représentent les Pfas pour la santé et l’environnement.Mon collègue Pierre Meurin, député du Gard, regrette de ne pouvoir être présent aujourd’hui. Il est particulièrement conscient du problème de la pollution aux Pfas et de ses impacts sur la santé des habitants – il est même concerné puisque la question se pose à Salindres.Il est impératif de mettre en œuvre des mesures de dépollution et de protection tout en veillant à ne pas compromettre la viabilité économique de notre pays. Nous devons également rester vigilants pour éviter le remplacement des Pfas par des substances tout aussi préoccupantes et pour empêcher l’importation de produits en contenant.Par exemple, s’agissant des poêles de cuisine, la seule solution antiadhésive alternative est la céramique. Or celle-ci a un impact environnemental et énergétique bien pire que les Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 185,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426475",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 229,
   "annotation_id": "N409b0125136e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Des substituts aux Pfas ont déjà été trouvés dans les autres secteurs mentionnés dans l’article 1er – je pense aux cosmétiques ou aux farts de ski. Cette proposition de loi ne changera donc rien pour ces industriels ; elle entraînera simplement l’inscription dans la loi d’un état de fait. Seule l’interdiction des importations de produits contenant des Pfas constituera une avancée – encore faut-il en avoir les moyens.Chers collègues, ne cédez pas à la tentation de l’écologie punitive qui menace de désindustrialiser encore un peu plus la France. Ne sous-estimons cependant pas non plus les réels dangers que représentent les Pfas pour la santé et l’environnement.Mon collègue [PERSONNE], député du Gard, regrette de ne pouvoir être présent aujourd’hui. Il est particulièrement conscient du problème de la pollution aux Pfas et de ses impacts sur la santé des habitants – il est même concerné puisque la question se pose à Salindres.Il est impératif de mettre en œuvre des mesures de dépollution et de protection tout en veillant à ne pas compromettre la viabilité économique de notre pays. Nous devons également rester vigilants pour éviter le remplacement des Pfas par des substances tout aussi préoccupantes et pour empêcher l’importation de produits en contenant.Par exemple, s’agissant des poêles de cuisine, la seule solution antiadhésive alternative est la céramique. Or celle-ci a un impact environnemental et énergétique bien pire que les Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426483"
   ],
   "order": 193,
   "text": "En effet, les poêles en céramique ont une durée de vie plus courte. Il faudrait donc en produire plus, ce qui ne serait pas très vertueux d’un point de vue environnemental. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 193,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426483",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "Nc75c91f9f88b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "En effet, les poêles en céramique ont une durée de vie plus courte. Il faudrait donc en produire plus, ce qui ne serait pas très vertueux d’un point de vue environnemental. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426485",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426485"
   ],
   "order": 195,
   "text": "Je tiens tout d’abord à saluer le travail et l’engagement des collectifs citoyens et des associations mobilisés sur la question des polluants éternels. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – M. Marcellin Nadeau et M. le rapporteur applaudissent également.) Merci à Notre affaire à tous, à PFAS contre Terre, à Ozon l’eau saine, à Générations futures ou encore à Bien vivre à Pierre-Bénite.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 195,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426485",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "N15f7dcc83ed1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens tout d’abord à saluer le travail et l’engagement des collectifs citoyens et des associations mobilisés sur la question des polluants éternels. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] et M. le rapporteur applaudissent également.) Merci à Notre affaire à tous, à PFAS contre Terre, à Ozon l’eau saine, à Générations futures ou encore à Bien vivre à Pierre-Bénite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426487",
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   "order": 197,
   "text": "Producteurs de savoirs, vous avez obligé la puissance publique et l’Assemblée à se saisir de cette question. Au siècle dernier, les Pfas étaient produits à grande échelle. Par temps de guerre, ils servaient à assurer l’étanchéité des chars d’assauts ; en temps de paix, ils ont accompagné les politiques de production et de consommation populaires au service du capitalisme et du productivisme.On les retrouve dans d’innombrables produits de consommation courante comme les textiles infroissables et imperméables aux graisses, les emballages alimentaires, les mousses anti-incendie, les revêtements antiadhésifs, les ustensiles de cuisine, les couches pour bébés, les protections périodiques ou encore les cosmétiques.Ces substances possèdent de nombreuses propriétés – antiadhésion, imperméabilité ou encore résistance aux fortes chaleurs – qui, aussi intéressantes soient-elles, ne peuvent occulter la réalité qu’elles provoquent : une pollution généralisée des écosystèmes et du vivant à l’échelle du jardin planétaire. Ces polluants ne se dégradent pas ou persistent dans l’environnement en se dégradant. Pire, ils s’accumulent. Cela s’explique par les liaisons chimiques – carbone et fluor – qui les composent.Les Pfas sont présents absolument partout : dans l’eau, dans l’air, dans les sols et dans l’ensemble du vivant, c’est-à-dire dans les végétaux, dans l’ensemble de la chaîne alimentaire et donc, bien sûr, dans les organismes vivants, c’est-à-dire les animaux – les humains comme les non-humains. (Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir applaudit.)À Salindres dans le Gard, à Oullins-Pierre-Bénite dans le Rhône ou encore à Tavaux dans le Jura, les milieux sont pourris par les rejets des industries Solvay, Daikin et Arkema. Il est urgent d’interdire les rejets de ces usines ainsi que la mise sur le marché et l’importation de produits contenant ces substances. Nous devons protéger le peuple de France.La présence des polluants éternels dans le vivant n’est pas anodine. Elle occasionne de graves dangers sanitaires. Les académies nationales des sciences, d’ingénierie et de médecine des États-Unis en 2022, l’Agence européenne pour l’environnement dès 2019, l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments dans son rapport de 2020 convergent : elles font le lien entre d’un côté, l’exposition aux Pfas, et de l’autre, de mauvaises réponses immunitaires aux vaccins, des cancers ou encore des taux élevés de triglycérides, des amas de graisse provoquant AVC – accidents vasculaires cérébraux – et infarctus.Pouvons-nous vraiment dire que nous avons besoin de plus de temps pour agir ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
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   "analysis_text": "Producteurs de savoirs, vous avez obligé la puissance publique et l’Assemblée à se saisir de cette question. Au siècle dernier, les Pfas étaient produits à grande échelle. Par temps de guerre, ils servaient à assurer l’étanchéité des chars d’assauts ; en temps de paix, ils ont accompagné les politiques de production et de consommation populaires au service du capitalisme et du productivisme.On les retrouve dans d’innombrables produits de consommation courante comme les textiles infroissables et imperméables aux graisses, les emballages alimentaires, les mousses anti-incendie, les revêtements antiadhésifs, les ustensiles de cuisine, les couches pour bébés, les protections périodiques ou encore les cosmétiques.Ces substances possèdent de nombreuses propriétés – antiadhésion, imperméabilité ou encore résistance aux fortes chaleurs – qui, aussi intéressantes soient-elles, ne peuvent occulter la réalité qu’elles provoquent : une pollution généralisée des écosystèmes et du vivant à l’échelle du jardin planétaire. Ces polluants ne se dégradent pas ou persistent dans l’environnement en se dégradant. Pire, ils s’accumulent. Cela s’explique par les liaisons chimiques – carbone et fluor – qui les composent.Les Pfas sont présents absolument partout : dans l’eau, dans l’air, dans les sols et dans l’ensemble du vivant, c’est-à-dire dans les végétaux, dans l’ensemble de la chaîne alimentaire et donc, bien sûr, dans les organismes vivants, c’est-à-dire les animaux – les humains comme les non-humains. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)À Salindres dans le Gard, à Oullins-Pierre-Bénite dans le Rhône ou encore à Tavaux dans le Jura, les milieux sont pourris par les rejets des industries Solvay, Daikin et Arkema. Il est urgent d’interdire les rejets de ces usines ainsi que la mise sur le marché et l’importation de produits contenant ces substances. Nous devons protéger le peuple de France.La présence des polluants éternels dans le vivant n’est pas anodine. Elle occasionne de graves dangers sanitaires. Les académies nationales des sciences, d’ingénierie et de médecine des États-Unis en 2022, l’Agence européenne pour l’environnement dès 2019, l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments dans son rapport de 2020 convergent : elles font le lien entre d’un côté, l’exposition aux Pfas, et de l’autre, de mauvaises réponses immunitaires aux vaccins, des cancers ou encore des taux élevés de triglycérides, des amas de graisse provoquant AVC – accidents vasculaires cérébraux – et infarctus.Pouvons-nous vraiment dire que nous avons besoin de plus de temps pour agir ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
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   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426803",
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   "order": 205,
   "text": "Pouvons-nous dire que nous avons besoin de plus d’informations précises sur chacune des 10 000 molécules composant la famille des Pfas ? Évidemment non ! Interdire une unique molécule encouragerait seulement les industriels à en créer d’autres pour contourner les réglementations. Le principe de précaution, consacré dans la Charte de l’environnement, qui fait partie de notre bloc de constitutionnalité, doit primer !Alors que nous étions au beau milieu de nos travaux parlementaires sur ce sujet, des décisions inacceptables, contre lesquelles je ne peux que m’insurger, ont été prises. Dans le département du Rhône, une autorisation d’extension a été donnée à l’entreprise Daikin alors qu’il est urgent de protéger les habitants ! Et que dire de l’épandage des boues d’épuration contaminées aux Pfas dans l’Est lyonnais, autorisé par l’État alors que les services signalaient cette contamination depuis plus d’un an ?Le groupe La France insoumise soutient par conséquent cette proposition de loi. Aux dirigeants des entreprises qui veulent instrumentaliser nos travaux pour orchestrer un chantage à l’emploi, je réponds ceci : ne racontez pas d’histoires ! Les salariés de vos entreprises savent faire des ustensiles de cuisine sans polluer ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.) La France aura toujours besoin de matériaux résistant aux températures et aux fortes pressions, toujours besoin de batteries et de dispositifs médicaux. Mais il faut équiper le pays d’incinérateurs efficaces au lieu d’exporter ses concentrats de Pfas en Belgique pour les minéraliser.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 205,
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   "case": "pfas",
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pouvons-nous dire que nous avons besoin de plus d’informations précises sur chacune des 10 000 molécules composant la famille des Pfas ? Évidemment non ! Interdire une unique molécule encouragerait seulement les industriels à en créer d’autres pour contourner les réglementations. Le principe de précaution, consacré dans la Charte de l’environnement, qui fait partie de notre bloc de constitutionnalité, doit primer !Alors que nous étions au beau milieu de nos travaux parlementaires sur ce sujet, des décisions inacceptables, contre lesquelles je ne peux que m’insurger, ont été prises. Dans le département du Rhône, une autorisation d’extension a été donnée à l’entreprise Daikin alors qu’il est urgent de protéger les habitants ! Et que dire de l’épandage des boues d’épuration contaminées aux Pfas dans l’Est lyonnais, autorisé par l’État alors que les services signalaient cette contamination depuis plus d’un an ?Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient par conséquent cette proposition de loi. Aux dirigeants des entreprises qui veulent instrumentaliser nos travaux pour orchestrer un chantage à l’emploi, je réponds ceci : ne racontez pas d’histoires ! Les salariés de vos entreprises savent faire des ustensiles de cuisine sans polluer ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) La France aura toujours besoin de matériaux résistant aux températures et aux fortes pressions, toujours besoin de batteries et de dispositifs médicaux. Mais il faut équiper le pays d’incinérateurs efficaces au lieu d’exporter ses concentrats de Pfas en Belgique pour les minéraliser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
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   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426807",
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   "order": 209,
   "text": "Collègues, adopter cette proposition de loi sera un grand pas à valeur d’exemple pour l’humanité et pour le vivant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES, dont quelques députés se lèvent, et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
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   "analysis_text": "Collègues, adopter cette proposition de loi sera un grand pas à valeur d’exemple pour l’humanité et pour le vivant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont quelques députés se lèvent, et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426809",
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   "order": 211,
   "text": "Avec cette proposition de loi sur les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées, les Pfas, on peut dire qu’on revient de loin ! S’appuyant sur des engagements très allants mais un peu hâtifs de la majorité, les auteurs de ce texte avaient initialement proposé d’interdire tous les produits en contenant dès 2027, en avance sur le calendrier européen. Cette interdiction franco-française généralisée aurait tout simplement constitué une surtransposition par rapport aux intentions de nos partenaires, à l’image de ce que nous ne cessons de faire en matière d’agriculture. C’est avec ce genre de réglementation ne s’appliquant qu’à nos produits, alors même que nous continuons à en importer du monde entier, que l’on a fragilisé l’ensemble de la filière fruits et légumes.Ne faisons pas la même erreur avec notre industrie. Ne soyons pas hypocrites : le contexte économique, en raison du coût de l’énergie, n’est pas idéal pour soumettre le secteur de la chimie à de nouvelles contraintes. Ce sont jusqu’à 3 milliards d’euros d’investissements par an et dix ans de recherches qu’il faudra déployer au niveau européen pour trouver des composés de substitution, alors même que l’État est aux abonnés absents pour ce qui est du soutien financier. La proposition de restriction initiée par cinq États européens nous semble donc le moyen le plus sûr d’aboutir à une régulation ordonnée des Pfas les plus nocifs, tout comme les divers règlements sectoriels qui seront adoptés au fur et à mesure par l’Union européenne dans les prochaines années. Un contrôle de l’ensemble des Pfas sera ainsi possible d’ici 2027 ou 2028 grâce à l’adoption de textes harmonisés au niveau européen, ce qui évitera toute distorsion de concurrence nuisible à la compétitivité de nos entreprises et de notre industrie.La nouvelle rédaction proposée par le rapporteur nous paraît plus acceptable, puisqu’elle vise d’abord des produits disposant d’alternatives facilement mobilisables comme les cosmétiques, le fart pour le ski ou les textiles. Il reste cependant du chemin à faire pour rendre le texte acceptable. Je pense tout d’abord à l’interdiction prévue par l’article 1er pour les ustensiles de cuisine en 2026, sujet éminemment sensible pour l’activité et pour l’emploi. Prenons l’exemple de l’entreprise Seb, dont les salariés sont venus en nombre hier s’inquiéter devant l’Assemblée nationale de la pérennité de leurs usines et de leurs métiers : cette interdiction entraînerait une réduction de 70 % de son chiffre d’affaires et la disparition de 1 800 emplois directs. Non seulement nous n’abolirions pas les Pfas sur notre territoire, compte tenu des importations, mais ces marchés seraient récupérés par des groupes de pays voisins ou par les Chinois, qui ne seront pas soumis aux mêmes restrictions. Je rappelle aussi – ce n’est pas le moindre des paradoxes – que des exceptions sont déjà tolérées, notamment pour les composants nécessaires à la transition écologique. On n’a jamais entendu les écologistes s’en plaindre !Il y a ensuite le sujet de la dangerosité de chaque substance et le risque d’aboutir à une interdiction généralisée des 10 000 Pfas au lieu de ne cibler que les seules substances préoccupantes. Le terme « Pfas » est un terme général qui ne dit pas si une substance est nocive ou non, mais qui indique seulement qu’elle comporte une liaison carbone-fluor. Contrairement à ce qu’affirme M. le rapporteur, le consensus scientifique tend à distinguer les Pfas préoccupants d’autres polymères. De nombreuses études existent à cet égard de par le monde. Enrichissons-les donc avant de prendre une décision à l’emporte-pièce. Les évolutions réglementaires que j’évoquais au niveau européen prévoient d’ailleurs de différencier ces substances. Mais si la rédaction actuelle de la proposition de loi était confirmée, la France serait le seul pays à pratiquer une telle surtransposition. Il s’agit pour nous, au groupe Les Républicains, d’une ligne rouge. En effet, l’analyse scientifique et la recherche doivent prévaloir, et des délais doivent être octroyés aux industriels pour entamer leur mutation, sous peine de ruiner l’économie et l’emploi de régions entières de notre pays.Notre objectif est le même que le vôtre, monsieur le rapporteur, mais il s’agit pour nous d’aboutir à une régulation mesurée et différenciée des Pfas, alignée sur le calendrier européen et dans des délais raisonnables, sans omettre d’autres pistes de régulation tout aussi pertinentes. Je pense notamment à des systèmes d’autorisation substance par substance, usage par usage, et aussi à l’incitation que peut représenter une redevance sur la pollution ou bien à des arrêtés préfectoraux en cas de dépassement de seuil. Un accompagnement des pouvoirs publics serait par ailleurs vital pour encourager la recherche en matière de développement d’alternatives viables en cas d’interdiction.Vous l’aurez compris, notre groupe ne pourra voter en faveur de ce texte que si des avancées sont obtenues sur les différents points que je viens d’évoquer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Avec cette proposition de loi sur les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées, les Pfas, on peut dire qu’on revient de loin ! S’appuyant sur des engagements très allants mais un peu hâtifs de la majorité, les auteurs de ce texte avaient initialement proposé d’interdire tous les produits en contenant dès 2027, en avance sur le calendrier européen. Cette interdiction franco-française généralisée aurait tout simplement constitué une surtransposition par rapport aux intentions de nos partenaires, à l’image de ce que nous ne cessons de faire en matière d’agriculture. C’est avec ce genre de réglementation ne s’appliquant qu’à nos produits, alors même que nous continuons à en importer du monde entier, que l’on a fragilisé l’ensemble de la filière fruits et légumes.Ne faisons pas la même erreur avec notre industrie. Ne soyons pas hypocrites : le contexte économique, en raison du coût de l’énergie, n’est pas idéal pour soumettre le secteur de la chimie à de nouvelles contraintes. Ce sont jusqu’à 3 milliards d’euros d’investissements par an et dix ans de recherches qu’il faudra déployer au niveau européen pour trouver des composés de substitution, alors même que l’État est aux abonnés absents pour ce qui est du soutien financier. La proposition de restriction initiée par cinq États européens nous semble donc le moyen le plus sûr d’aboutir à une régulation ordonnée des Pfas les plus nocifs, tout comme les divers règlements sectoriels qui seront adoptés au fur et à mesure par l’Union européenne dans les prochaines années. Un contrôle de l’ensemble des Pfas sera ainsi possible d’ici 2027 ou 2028 grâce à l’adoption de textes harmonisés au niveau européen, ce qui évitera toute distorsion de concurrence nuisible à la compétitivité de nos entreprises et de notre industrie.La nouvelle rédaction proposée par le rapporteur nous paraît plus acceptable, puisqu’elle vise d’abord des produits disposant d’alternatives facilement mobilisables comme les cosmétiques, le fart pour le ski ou les textiles. Il reste cependant du chemin à faire pour rendre le texte acceptable. Je pense tout d’abord à l’interdiction prévue par l’article 1er pour les ustensiles de cuisine en 2026, sujet éminemment sensible pour l’activité et pour l’emploi. Prenons l’exemple de l’entreprise Seb, dont les salariés sont venus en nombre hier s’inquiéter devant l’Assemblée nationale de la pérennité de leurs usines et de leurs métiers : cette interdiction entraînerait une réduction de 70 % de son chiffre d’affaires et la disparition de 1 800 emplois directs. Non seulement nous n’abolirions pas les Pfas sur notre territoire, compte tenu des importations, mais ces marchés seraient récupérés par des groupes de pays voisins ou par les Chinois, qui ne seront pas soumis aux mêmes restrictions. Je rappelle aussi – ce n’est pas le moindre des paradoxes – que des exceptions sont déjà tolérées, notamment pour les composants nécessaires à la transition écologique. On n’a jamais entendu les écologistes s’en plaindre !Il y a ensuite le sujet de la dangerosité de chaque substance et le risque d’aboutir à une interdiction généralisée des 10 000 Pfas au lieu de ne cibler que les seules substances préoccupantes. Le terme « Pfas » est un terme général qui ne dit pas si une substance est nocive ou non, mais qui indique seulement qu’elle comporte une liaison carbone-fluor. Contrairement à ce qu’affirme M. le rapporteur, le consensus scientifique tend à distinguer les Pfas préoccupants d’autres polymères. De nombreuses études existent à cet égard de par le monde. Enrichissons-les donc avant de prendre une décision à l’emporte-pièce. Les évolutions réglementaires que j’évoquais au niveau européen prévoient d’ailleurs de différencier ces substances. Mais si la rédaction actuelle de la proposition de loi était confirmée, la France serait le seul pays à pratiquer une telle surtransposition. Il s’agit pour nous, au groupe [GROUPE], d’une ligne rouge. En effet, l’analyse scientifique et la recherche doivent prévaloir, et des délais doivent être octroyés aux industriels pour entamer leur mutation, sous peine de ruiner l’économie et l’emploi de régions entières de notre pays.Notre objectif est le même que le vôtre, monsieur le rapporteur, mais il s’agit pour nous d’aboutir à une régulation mesurée et différenciée des Pfas, alignée sur le calendrier européen et dans des délais raisonnables, sans omettre d’autres pistes de régulation tout aussi pertinentes. Je pense notamment à des systèmes d’autorisation substance par substance, usage par usage, et aussi à l’incitation que peut représenter une redevance sur la pollution ou bien à des arrêtés préfectoraux en cas de dépassement de seuil. Un accompagnement des pouvoirs publics serait par ailleurs vital pour encourager la recherche en matière de développement d’alternatives viables en cas d’interdiction.Vous l’aurez compris, notre groupe ne pourra voter en faveur de ce texte que si des avancées sont obtenues sur les différents points que je viens d’évoquer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426815",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426815"
   ],
   "order": 218,
   "text": "Ce matin, nous traitons d’un sujet grave de santé publique : l’imprégnation insidieuse des Pfas dans les milieux de tous nos territoires, dans l’organisme de tous nos concitoyens. Alors que cette pollution est connue depuis vingt-cinq ans aux États-Unis d’Amérique mais aussi en France, aucun gouvernement, de droite comme de gauche, aucun ministre de l’écologie ne s’en était saisi chez nous. Je tiens donc, en préambule, à remercier l’équipe Vert de rage, composée de journalistes, qui a révélé cette pollution en mai 2022, dans ma circonscription, au sud de Lyon. Je remercie également notre gouvernement et notre ministre de la transition écologique, Christophe Béchu, que j’ai interpellé dès juillet 2022 à ce sujet et qui a rapidement réagi en formulant un plan Pfas en six points, ce qui permet de recenser tous les territoires français pollués par ces molécules. Je sais enfin gré à Élisabeth Borne, alors Première ministre, de m’avoir confié une mission pour émettre des recommandations qui sont reprises en partie dans la proposition de loi. Je reconnais que mon rapport est dense, mais si vous en avez pris connaissance, vous avez pu appréhender l’extrême complexité de cette pollution. Certains veulent faire croire que la question est simple, mais c’est beaucoup plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît.Permettez-moi d’aborder les deux principales préoccupations des habitants de ma circonscription qui sont exposés aux Pfas.Leur première demande, c’est l’arrêt des rejets industriels dans les milieux naturels, notamment les fleuves et les rivières. J’ai fait adopter en commission un amendement permettant de faire cesser ces rejets rapidement. Je souhaite que vous confirmiez ainsi la fermeture du robinet. Voilà la première priorité.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 218,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426815",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 268,
   "annotation_id": "N4fd082c4c103",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce matin, nous traitons d’un sujet grave de santé publique : l’imprégnation insidieuse des Pfas dans les milieux de tous nos territoires, dans l’organisme de tous nos concitoyens. Alors que cette pollution est connue depuis vingt-cinq ans aux États-Unis d’Amérique mais aussi en France, aucun gouvernement, de droite comme de gauche, aucun ministre de l’écologie ne s’en était saisi chez nous. Je tiens donc, en préambule, à remercier l’équipe Vert de rage, composée de journalistes, qui a révélé cette pollution en mai 2022, dans ma circonscription, au sud de Lyon. Je remercie également notre gouvernement et notre ministre de la transition écologique, [PERSONNE], que j’ai interpellé dès juillet 2022 à ce sujet et qui a rapidement réagi en formulant un plan Pfas en six points, ce qui permet de recenser tous les territoires français pollués par ces molécules. Je sais enfin gré à [PERSONNE], alors Première ministre, de m’avoir confié une mission pour émettre des recommandations qui sont reprises en partie dans la proposition de loi. Je reconnais que mon rapport est dense, mais si vous en avez pris connaissance, vous avez pu appréhender l’extrême complexité de cette pollution. Certains veulent faire croire que la question est simple, mais c’est beaucoup plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît.Permettez-moi d’aborder les deux principales préoccupations des habitants de ma circonscription qui sont exposés aux Pfas.Leur première demande, c’est l’arrêt des rejets industriels dans les milieux naturels, notamment les fleuves et les rivières. J’ai fait adopter en commission un amendement permettant de faire cesser ces rejets rapidement. Je souhaite que vous confirmiez ainsi la fermeture du robinet. Voilà la première priorité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426819",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426819"
   ],
   "order": 222,
   "text": "La seconde, c’est le traitement des eaux que des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens boivent alors que le seuil recommandé de 100 nanogrammes par litre est dépassé. J’attends un geste du Gouvernement pour aider au financement des installations permettant de dépolluer l’eau du robinet des foyers concernés.Résoudre ces deux problématiques relève de notre responsabilité. Aujourd’hui, nous pouvons démontrer notre utilité en apportant des solutions.J’en viens à la complexité des Pfas, à commencer par leur complexité chimique : nous ne disposons toujours pas de valeur toxicologique de référence, c’est dire ! Aucune agence française, européenne ou américaine n’est d’accord avec une autre sur le sujet. Quant à la complexité des usages, je rappelle que toutes les filières de production utilisent des Pfas. Cela veut dire que la France ne peut résoudre seule cette question. Pour ce faire, nous devons additionner les intelligences, les expertises et les moyens au niveau de l’Europe : c’est elle qui nous apportera les connaissances scientifiques nécessaires. Cependant, comme le préconise mon rapport, la France peut envoyer des messages à l’Europe pour lui dire qu’elle est prête à restreindre les usages les plus simples, c’est-à-dire ce qui concerne le fart, les cosmétiques et le textile. Aujourd’hui, les restrictions d’utilisation sont promues par six pays, dont la France, et l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques a commencé à faire des propositions.Ce matin, nous avons une responsabilité. Lorsque j’ai présenté mon rapport aux commissions de notre assemblée, tous les groupes ont été d’accord pour avancer sur le sujet.Ce matin, nous devons trouver un consensus pour montrer à nos concitoyens que nous sommes unis pour traiter ce problème, hors des polémiques politiciennes. Je pense ici particulièrement à ma collègue Marie-Charlotte Garin, qui a trouvé comme seul argument, pour se montrer dans les médias, que je serais le porte-parole de l’industrie chimique, influencé par les lobbys. Merci pour cet argument de haute tenue !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 222,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426819",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 313,
   "annotation_id": "N4ed90ea2b920",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEIMQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La seconde, c’est le traitement des eaux que des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens boivent alors que le seuil recommandé de 100 nanogrammes par litre est dépassé. J’attends un geste du Gouvernement pour aider au financement des installations permettant de dépolluer l’eau du robinet des foyers concernés.Résoudre ces deux problématiques relève de notre responsabilité. Aujourd’hui, nous pouvons démontrer notre utilité en apportant des solutions.J’en viens à la complexité des Pfas, à commencer par leur complexité chimique : nous ne disposons toujours pas de valeur toxicologique de référence, c’est dire ! Aucune agence française, européenne ou américaine n’est d’accord avec une autre sur le sujet. Quant à la complexité des usages, je rappelle que toutes les filières de production utilisent des Pfas. Cela veut dire que la France ne peut résoudre seule cette question. Pour ce faire, nous devons additionner les intelligences, les expertises et les moyens au niveau de l’Europe : c’est elle qui nous apportera les connaissances scientifiques nécessaires. Cependant, comme le préconise mon rapport, la France peut envoyer des messages à l’Europe pour lui dire qu’elle est prête à restreindre les usages les plus simples, c’est-à-dire ce qui concerne le fart, les cosmétiques et le textile. Aujourd’hui, les restrictions d’utilisation sont promues par six pays, dont la France, et l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques a commencé à faire des propositions.Ce matin, nous avons une responsabilité. Lorsque j’ai présenté mon rapport aux commissions de notre assemblée, tous les groupes ont été d’accord pour avancer sur le sujet.Ce matin, nous devons trouver un consensus pour montrer à nos concitoyens que nous sommes unis pour traiter ce problème, hors des polémiques politiciennes. Je pense ici particulièrement à ma collègue [PERSONNE], qui a trouvé comme seul argument, pour se montrer dans les médias, que je serais le porte-parole de l’industrie chimique, influencé par les lobbys. Merci pour cet argument de haute tenue !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426825",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426825"
   ],
   "order": 228,
   "text": "Ce matin, nous devons montrer au Gouvernement et aux sénateurs que l’Assemblée est unie et qu’elle ne souhaite pas que cette proposition de loi se perde dans les méandres de la navette entre nos deux chambres, voire dans les limbes parlementaires. Je fais confiance au rapporteur Nicolas Thierry pour l’éviter. Je le remercie pour sa proposition de loi et je fais confiance à la présidente de son groupe, Cyrielle Chatelain, ainsi qu’au ministre pour parvenir à un consensus.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous ne pouvez pas trouver ce consensus tout seul. J’espère que vous écouterez et que nous trouverons une solution permettant de voter ce texte. Chacun doit être prêt à faire un pas afin d’envoyer un message fort à l’Europe et d’accélérer sur les restrictions d’usage des Pfas en matière industrielle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 228,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426825",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "Nd334231db65f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce matin, nous devons montrer au Gouvernement et aux sénateurs que l’Assemblée est unie et qu’elle ne souhaite pas que cette proposition de loi se perde dans les méandres de la navette entre nos deux chambres, voire dans les limbes parlementaires. Je fais confiance au rapporteur [PERSONNE] pour l’éviter. Je le remercie pour sa proposition de loi et je fais confiance à la présidente de son groupe, [PERSONNE], ainsi qu’au ministre pour parvenir à un consensus.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous ne pouvez pas trouver ce consensus tout seul. J’espère que vous écouterez et que nous trouverons une solution permettant de voter ce texte. Chacun doit être prêt à faire un pas afin d’envoyer un message fort à l’Europe et d’accélérer sur les restrictions d’usage des Pfas en matière industrielle. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426828",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426828"
   ],
   "order": 231,
   "text": "Nous avons déjà eu plusieurs fois l’occasion de débattre des Pfas et nous savons tous que les propriétés pour lesquelles ces substances ont été largement développées, utilisées et répandues depuis des décennies sont aujourd’hui à l’origine de multiples problèmes de pollution et de toxicité. Face à une telle situation, les questions d’adaptation, de réglementation voire d’interdiction se posent plus que jamais. Je vous remercie, monsieur le rapporteur, des échanges que nous avons eus, comme je vous sais gré de nous offrir à nouveau l’opportunité de débattre de ce sujet essentiel.Est-il encore besoin de s’étendre sur les dangers de ces polluants éternels ? L’utilisation variée de ces composés chimiques, combinée à leur caractère très persistant, entraîne une contamination de tous les milieux : l’eau, l’air, les sols et les sédiments. Certains s’accumulent dans les organismes vivants et se retrouvent dans la chaîne alimentaire ; d’autres, plus mobiles, sont transportés sur de très longues distances par l’eau ou par l’air, et peuvent se retrouver jusque dans les océans Arctique et Antarctique. On retrouve certaines de ces substances, même plusieurs années après leur interdiction, dans les différents écosystèmes. Leur impact sur la santé humaine, animale et végétale et sur celle des écosystèmes en est d’autant plus préoccupant. Ces substances peuvent provoquer chez l’être humain une augmentation du taux de cholestérol, entraîner des cancers, avoir des effets sur la fertilité et le développement du fœtus. Elles sont également suspectées d’interférer avec le système endocrinien et immunitaire.Cette proposition de loi s’inscrit donc dans l’objectif de réduire l’exposition de la population aux risques des Pfas. Partageant cette préoccupation majeure, le ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires, M. Christophe Béchu, a présenté un plan d’action interministériel pour la période 2023-2027.Ce plan vise à réduire les risques à la source, à poursuivre la surveillance des milieux, à accélérer la production des connaissances scientifiques, à faciliter l’accès à l’information pour les citoyens et à soutenir l’inscription de la question dans le cadre réglementaire européen. Je tiens à cette occasion à saluer le travail et l’engagement de mes collègues Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, Jimmy Pahun et David Taupiac sur le sujet.Vu l’importance des enjeux sanitaires et environnementaux, il importe de sortir de l’opposition entre écologie et économie. Le principe du développement durable est clair : il s’agit d’intégrer dans une perspective à long terme les contraintes environnementales et sociales à l’économie, de manière à répondre aux besoins du présent sans compromettre les capacités des générations futures. C’est de cela qu’il s’agit aujourd’hui.Parce que le législateur se doit d’être rationnel, juste et mesuré, le groupe Horizons a déposé des amendements visant non seulement à protéger l’homme, le végétal et les différents écosystèmes contre la pollution aux Pfas, mais aussi à préserver les aspects économiques.Il serait malhonnête et irresponsable d’interdire sans prévoir d’autre solution. D’où la proposition de permettre aux entreprises de travailler sur ces autres solutions jusqu’en 2030, sous réserve que la révision du règlement européen Reach intervienne avant cette date – ce que je souhaite vivement.S’agissant des substances concernées, j’abonde dans votre sens, monsieur le ministre : il est indispensable de se fier aux agences indépendantes. Je remercie notamment l’Anses de contribuer à éclairer nos arbitrages. Je la remercie aussi, ainsi que les directions concernées des ministères de la santé, de l’agriculture et de la transition écologique, pour leur apport aux travaux du groupe santé environnement, que je préside.Vous avez, monsieur le ministre, évoqué le plan Pfas publié ce jour. Permettez-moi de vous interpeller en tant qu’ancienne maire d’un petit village haut-savoyard.La dépollution des eaux représente des sommes considérables. Il est impensable de laisser cette charge aux collectivités territoriales. J’ai retiré mon amendement visant à taxer à la source la fabrication des Pfas, taxe qui aurait été complémentaire de la redevance sur les rejets. Cette piste me semblait pertinente, mais j’entends que nous ne disposons pas de l’étude d’impact nécessaire pour rendre un arbitrage juste. En conscience, je ne veux pas fragiliser la compétitivité de nos industries françaises. Je m’en remets donc à votre vigilance. Je vous demande néanmoins de prendre un engagement ferme concernant le financement de cette dépollution.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 231,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426828",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 683,
   "annotation_id": "Nafb06362c561",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons déjà eu plusieurs fois l’occasion de débattre des Pfas et nous savons tous que les propriétés pour lesquelles ces substances ont été largement développées, utilisées et répandues depuis des décennies sont aujourd’hui à l’origine de multiples problèmes de pollution et de toxicité. Face à une telle situation, les questions d’adaptation, de réglementation voire d’interdiction se posent plus que jamais. Je vous remercie, monsieur le rapporteur, des échanges que nous avons eus, comme je vous sais gré de nous offrir à nouveau l’opportunité de débattre de ce sujet essentiel.Est-il encore besoin de s’étendre sur les dangers de ces polluants éternels ? L’utilisation variée de ces composés chimiques, combinée à leur caractère très persistant, entraîne une contamination de tous les milieux : l’eau, l’air, les sols et les sédiments. Certains s’accumulent dans les organismes vivants et se retrouvent dans la chaîne alimentaire ; d’autres, plus mobiles, sont transportés sur de très longues distances par l’eau ou par l’air, et peuvent se retrouver jusque dans les océans Arctique et Antarctique. On retrouve certaines de ces substances, même plusieurs années après leur interdiction, dans les différents écosystèmes. Leur impact sur la santé humaine, animale et végétale et sur celle des écosystèmes en est d’autant plus préoccupant. Ces substances peuvent provoquer chez l’être humain une augmentation du taux de cholestérol, entraîner des cancers, avoir des effets sur la fertilité et le développement du fœtus. Elles sont également suspectées d’interférer avec le système endocrinien et immunitaire.Cette proposition de loi s’inscrit donc dans l’objectif de réduire l’exposition de la population aux risques des Pfas. Partageant cette préoccupation majeure, le ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires, M. [PERSONNE], a présenté un plan d’action interministériel pour la période 2023-2027.Ce plan vise à réduire les risques à la source, à poursuivre la surveillance des milieux, à accélérer la production des connaissances scientifiques, à faciliter l’accès à l’information pour les citoyens et à soutenir l’inscription de la question dans le cadre réglementaire européen. Je tiens à cette occasion à saluer le travail et l’engagement de mes collègues [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] sur le sujet.Vu l’importance des enjeux sanitaires et environnementaux, il importe de sortir de l’opposition entre écologie et économie. Le principe du développement durable est clair : il s’agit d’intégrer dans une perspective à long terme les contraintes environnementales et sociales à l’économie, de manière à répondre aux besoins du présent sans compromettre les capacités des générations futures. C’est de cela qu’il s’agit aujourd’hui.Parce que le législateur se doit d’être rationnel, juste et mesuré, le groupe Horizons a déposé des amendements visant non seulement à protéger l’homme, le végétal et les différents écosystèmes contre la pollution aux Pfas, mais aussi à préserver les aspects économiques.Il serait malhonnête et irresponsable d’interdire sans prévoir d’autre solution. D’où la proposition de permettre aux entreprises de travailler sur ces autres solutions jusqu’en 2030, sous réserve que la révision du règlement européen Reach intervienne avant cette date – ce que je souhaite vivement.S’agissant des substances concernées, j’abonde dans votre sens, monsieur le ministre : il est indispensable de se fier aux agences indépendantes. Je remercie notamment l’Anses de contribuer à éclairer nos arbitrages. Je la remercie aussi, ainsi que les directions concernées des ministères de la santé, de l’agriculture et de la transition écologique, pour leur apport aux travaux du groupe santé environnement, que je préside.Vous avez, monsieur le ministre, évoqué le plan Pfas publié ce jour. Permettez-moi de vous interpeller en tant qu’ancienne maire d’un petit village haut-savoyard.La dépollution des eaux représente des sommes considérables. Il est impensable de laisser cette charge aux collectivités territoriales. J’ai retiré mon amendement visant à taxer à la source la fabrication des Pfas, taxe qui aurait été complémentaire de la redevance sur les rejets. Cette piste me semblait pertinente, mais j’entends que nous ne disposons pas de l’étude d’impact nécessaire pour rendre un arbitrage juste. En conscience, je ne veux pas fragiliser la compétitivité de nos industries françaises. Je m’en remets donc à votre vigilance. Je vous demande néanmoins de prendre un engagement ferme concernant le financement de cette dépollution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427148",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427148"
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   "order": 242,
   "text": "Vous pouvez compter sur ma coopération et sur mon obstination constructive lors du prochain projet de loi de finances (PLF). Je saurai rappeler à votre bon souvenir la nécessité d’apporter un soutien aux collectivités territoriales. (Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice, dont le temps de parole est écoulé. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 242,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427148",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N689e0b799e91",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous pouvez compter sur ma coopération et sur mon obstination constructive lors du prochain projet de loi de finances (PLF). Je saurai rappeler à votre bon souvenir la nécessité d’apporter un soutien aux collectivités territoriales. (Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice, dont le temps de parole est écoulé. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA344201",
   "speaker": "Bertrand Petit",
   "quality": "M. Bertrand Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427150",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427150"
   ],
   "order": 244,
   "text": "Les Pfas, substances perfluorées et polyfluorées, sont encore peu connues du grand public. Pourtant, on les trouve partout dans les objets du quotidien. Il faut dire qu’elles sont imperméabilisantes, antitaches, antiadhésives, ininflammables et isolantes. Il y en a dans nos chaussures, dans nos vêtements de sport, dans nos produits cosmétiques ainsi que dans l’ameublement et dans nos couettes.Ces substances chimiques sont toxiques. Du fait des rejets industriels, on les retrouve dans notre environnement, dans l’eau, l’air et les sols. Indestructibles dans la nature, susceptibles de migrer sur de très longues distances, ce sont des « produits chimiques éternels », qui peuvent persister pendant des milliers d’années.En raison de la capacité de ces substances à s’accumuler dans les tissus des organismes vivants, tous les maillons de la chaîne alimentaire sont touchés. Elles sont aujourd’hui présentes dans l’ensemble du vivant, de notre environnement à notre organisme.Leurs effets sur la santé humaine nous exposent à une véritable catastrophe sanitaire. Elles affectent notre métabolisme, notre système cardiovasculaire, notre système reproductif, notre système immunitaire. Elles nous exposent à des cancers et provoquent des dérèglements endocriniens et thyroïdiens. Selon l’Anses, 100 % de la population française est contaminée.Nous débattons donc d’un texte d’intérêt général : il s’agit de protéger les Français des risques liés à l’exposition aux Pfas.Le rapport de l’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (Igedd) fait état d’une situation critique et recommande à l’État d’engager sans tarder les actions de maîtrise du risque les plus urgentes.Dans son rapport, notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille relève qu’en l’absence d’avancées européennes, la France peut restreindre certains de leurs usages – fart, cosmétiques, textiles d’habillement, emballages alimentaires, papier carton…. – en distinguant les usages essentiels de ceux qui ne le sont pas et en prenant en considération l’existence ou non d’autres solutions.La proposition de loi prévoit d’interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché de ces produits, en fixant comme horizon 2025 pour les produits pouvant être facilement remplacés et 2027 pour l’ensemble des produits contenant des Pfas.Elle applique le principe du pollueur-payeur, en instituant une redevance dont ceux dont les activités entraînent des rejets de Pfas devront s’acquitter.Eu égard à l’ampleur du problème sanitaire et environnemental que posent les Pfas, le groupe Socialistes et apparentés remercie le rapporteur de mettre ce sujet dans le débat public et de soumettre ce texte à notre assemblée. Il l’accueille très favorablement et le soutiendra. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et GDR-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 244,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427150",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 414,
   "annotation_id": "N940f61831286",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les Pfas, substances perfluorées et polyfluorées, sont encore peu connues du grand public. Pourtant, on les trouve partout dans les objets du quotidien. Il faut dire qu’elles sont imperméabilisantes, antitaches, antiadhésives, ininflammables et isolantes. Il y en a dans nos chaussures, dans nos vêtements de sport, dans nos produits cosmétiques ainsi que dans l’ameublement et dans nos couettes.Ces substances chimiques sont toxiques. Du fait des rejets industriels, on les retrouve dans notre environnement, dans l’eau, l’air et les sols. Indestructibles dans la nature, susceptibles de migrer sur de très longues distances, ce sont des « produits chimiques éternels », qui peuvent persister pendant des milliers d’années.En raison de la capacité de ces substances à s’accumuler dans les tissus des organismes vivants, tous les maillons de la chaîne alimentaire sont touchés. Elles sont aujourd’hui présentes dans l’ensemble du vivant, de notre environnement à notre organisme.Leurs effets sur la santé humaine nous exposent à une véritable catastrophe sanitaire. Elles affectent notre métabolisme, notre système cardiovasculaire, notre système reproductif, notre système immunitaire. Elles nous exposent à des cancers et provoquent des dérèglements endocriniens et thyroïdiens. Selon l’Anses, 100 % de la population française est contaminée.Nous débattons donc d’un texte d’intérêt général : il s’agit de protéger les Français des risques liés à l’exposition aux Pfas.Le rapport de l’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (Igedd) fait état d’une situation critique et recommande à l’État d’engager sans tarder les actions de maîtrise du risque les plus urgentes.Dans son rapport, notre collègue [PERSONNE] relève qu’en l’absence d’avancées européennes, la France peut restreindre certains de leurs usages – fart, cosmétiques, textiles d’habillement, emballages alimentaires, papier carton…. – en distinguant les usages essentiels de ceux qui ne le sont pas et en prenant en considération l’existence ou non d’autres solutions.La proposition de loi prévoit d’interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché de ces produits, en fixant comme horizon 2025 pour les produits pouvant être facilement remplacés et 2027 pour l’ensemble des produits contenant des Pfas.Elle applique le principe du pollueur-payeur, en instituant une redevance dont ceux dont les activités entraînent des rejets de Pfas devront s’acquitter.Eu égard à l’ampleur du problème sanitaire et environnemental que posent les Pfas, le groupe [GROUPE] remercie le rapporteur de mettre ce sujet dans le débat public et de soumettre ce texte à notre assemblée. Il l’accueille très favorablement et le soutiendra. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796106",
   "speaker": "Édouard Bénard",
   "quality": "M. Édouard Bénard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427162",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427162"
   ],
   "order": 256,
   "text": "Nous remercions M. le rapporteur et nos collègues du groupe Écologiste de proposer, avec ce texte, que la France prenne les devants en Europe dans la lutte contre les Pfas.Largement utilisées depuis les années 1950 dans une grande diversité de produits de consommation courante, ces substances constituent une grave menace pour la santé humaine et pour l’environnement. Ces polluants éternels se sont accumulés partout : dans l’air que nous respirons, dans l’eau que nous consommons, dans nos aliments, dans les sols. Je ne reprendrai pas l’exposé des motifs, mais nous sommes unanimement convaincus, parce qu’il y a un consensus scientifique sur le sujet, qu’ils représentent un danger, qu’il convient d’appréhender avec sérieux : s’il est une certitude incontournable, c’est leur toxicité.L’Agence européenne pour l’environnement a exposé les risques sanitaires pour lesquels le niveau de certitude est élevé ; ils sont nombreux : maladies thyroïdiennes, taux élevé de cholestérol, lésions au foie, cancers du rein, retards de développement du fœtus, réponse réduite aux vaccins.Face à ces risques avérés, les réglementations françaises et européennes sont balbutiantes.L’Allemagne, les Pays-Bas, la Norvège, la Suède et le Danemark ont déposé l’an dernier auprès de l’Echa une proposition de restriction ciblant la fabrication, la mise sur le marché et l’utilisation de l’ensemble des Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 256,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427162",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 208,
   "annotation_id": "N4605269049b7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous remercions M. le rapporteur et nos collègues du groupe [GROUPE] de proposer, avec ce texte, que la France prenne les devants en Europe dans la lutte contre les Pfas.Largement utilisées depuis les années 1950 dans une grande diversité de produits de consommation courante, ces substances constituent une grave menace pour la santé humaine et pour l’environnement. Ces polluants éternels se sont accumulés partout : dans l’air que nous respirons, dans l’eau que nous consommons, dans nos aliments, dans les sols. Je ne reprendrai pas l’exposé des motifs, mais nous sommes unanimement convaincus, parce qu’il y a un consensus scientifique sur le sujet, qu’ils représentent un danger, qu’il convient d’appréhender avec sérieux : s’il est une certitude incontournable, c’est leur toxicité.L’Agence européenne pour l’environnement a exposé les risques sanitaires pour lesquels le niveau de certitude est élevé ; ils sont nombreux : maladies thyroïdiennes, taux élevé de cholestérol, lésions au foie, cancers du rein, retards de développement du fœtus, réponse réduite aux vaccins.Face à ces risques avérés, les réglementations françaises et européennes sont balbutiantes.L’Allemagne, les Pays-Bas, la Norvège, la Suède et le Danemark ont déposé l’an dernier auprès de l’Echa une proposition de restriction ciblant la fabrication, la mise sur le marché et l’utilisation de l’ensemble des Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796106",
   "speaker": "Édouard Bénard",
   "quality": "M. Édouard Bénard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427168",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427168"
   ],
   "order": 262,
   "text": "Comme vous l’avez souligné, monsieur le rapporteur, ce processus risque de prendre trop de temps avant d’aboutir à une éventuelle réglementation. Compte tenu du nombre de substances concernées, de la variété de leurs utilisations et des pressions que ne manqueront pas d’exercer les lobbys, de lourdes incertitudes pèsent sur lui.La présente proposition de loi nous entraîne dans un changement de paradigme, tant pour nos modes de consommation que pour nos modes de production. Et parce qu’il s’agit d’un sujet majeur, au creux de nos échanges se logent des doutes, nourris d’affirmations et de contrevérités.Il a été dit tout à l’heure qu’il s’agissait d’une loi trop exigeante, avec un champ trop limité, opposant l’écologie à l’industrie. D’aucuns, au-delà de ces murs, pourraient nous dire que nous n’avons pas le recul nécessaire, que des études sont en cours à l’échelon européen, que des réglementations sont en voie d’élaboration, que ces textes-là se font un peu rapidement… Au risque de me répéter, l’écologie sans la lutte des classes, c’est du jardinage ! (M. Gabriel Amard applaudit.) Il n’est pas étonnant que les propos de ce genre soient plus particulièrement proférés par ceux qui ne voient dans de telles mesures qu’une atteinte à leurs profits.Opposer l’emploi à l’environnement ou à la santé n’est qu’une vulgaire manœuvre pour diviser ceux que tout devrait rassembler. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.) À ceux qui voudraient faire peser sur les épaules des pouvoirs publics les retards d’investissement dans leurs processus industriels, tandis que les dividendes continueraient de se déverser dans leurs poches, nous répondons que le pollueur-payeur n’est pas qu’un principe, il est une condition.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 262,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427168",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 269,
   "annotation_id": "Nfb841aef653d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme vous l’avez souligné, monsieur le rapporteur, ce processus risque de prendre trop de temps avant d’aboutir à une éventuelle réglementation. Compte tenu du nombre de substances concernées, de la variété de leurs utilisations et des pressions que ne manqueront pas d’exercer les lobbys, de lourdes incertitudes pèsent sur lui.La présente proposition de loi nous entraîne dans un changement de paradigme, tant pour nos modes de consommation que pour nos modes de production. Et parce qu’il s’agit d’un sujet majeur, au creux de nos échanges se logent des doutes, nourris d’affirmations et de contrevérités.Il a été dit tout à l’heure qu’il s’agissait d’une loi trop exigeante, avec un champ trop limité, opposant l’écologie à l’industrie. D’aucuns, au-delà de ces murs, pourraient nous dire que nous n’avons pas le recul nécessaire, que des études sont en cours à l’échelon européen, que des réglementations sont en voie d’élaboration, que ces textes-là se font un peu rapidement… Au risque de me répéter, l’écologie sans la lutte des classes, c’est du jardinage ! (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Il n’est pas étonnant que les propos de ce genre soient plus particulièrement proférés par ceux qui ne voient dans de telles mesures qu’une atteinte à leurs profits.Opposer l’emploi à l’environnement ou à la santé n’est qu’une vulgaire manœuvre pour diviser ceux que tout devrait rassembler. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) À ceux qui voudraient faire peser sur les épaules des pouvoirs publics les retards d’investissement dans leurs processus industriels, tandis que les dividendes continueraient de se déverser dans leurs poches, nous répondons que le pollueur-payeur n’est pas qu’un principe, il est une condition."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA796106",
   "speaker": "Édouard Bénard",
   "quality": "M. Édouard Bénard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427173",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427173"
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   "order": 267,
   "text": "Je pense en cet instant aux débats qui ont déjà eu lieu dans cet hémicycle quant l’usage de l’amiante au détriment des travailleurs et des populations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 267,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427173",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nda9b80cf3217",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je pense en cet instant aux débats qui ont déjà eu lieu dans cet hémicycle quant l’usage de l’amiante au détriment des travailleurs et des populations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796106",
   "speaker": "Édouard Bénard",
   "quality": "M. Édouard Bénard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427175",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427175"
   ],
   "order": 269,
   "text": "Je pense aux travailleurs qui ont vu leur corps usé par la surexposition exponentielle à ces substances portant atteinte au système immunitaire. Je pense aux populations qui ont vu fermer les captages d’eau situés à proximité de leurs habitations à cause d’une surconcentration en polluants éternels cancérogènes. Et cela alors même que dans les industries textile, cosmétique ou des ustensiles, d’autres solutions existent et sont disponibles – Charles Fournier l’a rappelé. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et LFI-NUPES. – M. Jean-Charles Larsonneur applaudit aussi.)À problème de santé publique, il faut une réponse publique. Non, nous n’utiliserons plus de Pfas dans nos processus de production. Non, nous n’en importerons plus. Notre pays doit prendre ses responsabilités.Le groupe GDR-NUPES salue votre initiative, monsieur le rapporteur, et soutient votre souhait d’aboutir à un texte à la fois volontariste et équilibré. Nous nous félicitons du renforcement du contrôle sanitaire de la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, aujourd’hui défaillant. Nous approuvons bien entendu l’application du principe pollueur-payeur aux émetteurs de Pfas au moyen d’une contribution directe à l’effort de dépollution.Compte tenu des incertitudes qui pèsent sur le processus européen, manifestes dans l’ajournement sine die du projet de révision du règlement Reach, et alors que les publications scientifiques internationales sont de plus en plus alarmantes, je me réjouis du pas important que vous nous proposez de faire aujourd’hui.« La production capitaliste ne se développe qu’en épuisant dans le même temps la terre et le travailleur » écrivait, il y a plus de cent cinquante ans, un philosophe dont les initiales sont K et M. (Sourires.) Nous le constatons. Nous tentons, aussi humblement soit-il, d’y répondre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 269,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427175",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 288,
   "annotation_id": "N3d9d9da1ac8a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je pense aux travailleurs qui ont vu leur corps usé par la surexposition exponentielle à ces substances portant atteinte au système immunitaire. Je pense aux populations qui ont vu fermer les captages d’eau situés à proximité de leurs habitations à cause d’une surconcentration en polluants éternels cancérogènes. Et cela alors même que dans les industries textile, cosmétique ou des ustensiles, d’autres solutions existent et sont disponibles – [PERSONNE] l’a rappelé. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.)À problème de santé publique, il faut une réponse publique. Non, nous n’utiliserons plus de Pfas dans nos processus de production. Non, nous n’en importerons plus. Notre pays doit prendre ses responsabilités.Le groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] salue votre initiative, monsieur le rapporteur, et soutient votre souhait d’aboutir à un texte à la fois volontariste et équilibré. Nous nous félicitons du renforcement du contrôle sanitaire de la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, aujourd’hui défaillant. Nous approuvons bien entendu l’application du principe pollueur-payeur aux émetteurs de Pfas au moyen d’une contribution directe à l’effort de dépollution.Compte tenu des incertitudes qui pèsent sur le processus européen, manifestes dans l’ajournement sine die du projet de révision du règlement Reach, et alors que les publications scientifiques internationales sont de plus en plus alarmantes, je me réjouis du pas important que vous nous proposez de faire aujourd’hui.« La production capitaliste ne se développe qu’en épuisant dans le même temps la terre et le travailleur » écrivait, il y a plus de cent cinquante ans, un philosophe dont les initiales sont K et M. (Sourires.) Nous le constatons. Nous tentons, aussi humblement soit-il, d’y répondre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427181",
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   "order": 275,
   "text": "Une fois encore, les Pfas sont à l’ordre du jour de nos travaux. On compte désormais trois propositions de loi, dont deux en moins d’un an, parmi lesquelles celle du groupe LIOT, présentée en juin dernier, ainsi qu’un récent rapport remis par notre collègue Isaac-Sibille. C’est la preuve de la prise de conscience de l’urgence qu’il y a à réglementer l’utilisation de ces polluants éternels, qui contaminent massivement notre environnement. Les travailleurs, les riverains des usines, les consommateurs, la nourriture, l’eau, les sols et, selon les dernières études, l’air sont concernés.À cause de leur persistance et de leur capacité à s’accumuler dans les tissus des organismes vivants, les Pfas contaminent tous les maillons de la chaîne alimentaire.Santé publique France a montré que 90 % des Pfas auxquels nous sommes exposés provenaient de l’alimentation, en particulier des poissons, de la viande, des charcuteries, des plats composés et de l’eau potable. Les études concernant la contamination de cette dernière tendent à démontrer une pollution généralisée et largement sous-estimée.Or, à ce jour, seuls deux types de Pfas sont interdits au niveau international : les PFOA et les Pfos. La pollution se poursuit donc. En 2020, près de 75 000 tonnes de Pfas ont été émises en Europe. Selon les experts, près de 4,4 millions de tonnes devraient être relâchées en Europe d’ici à 2030, si rien n’est fait pour diminuer la pollution à la source.Une prise de conscience se fait jour, et avec elle les premières actions politiques. Le Parlement européen a ainsi proposé d’interdire les Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires – ce que je prévoyais moi aussi dans ma proposition de loi. C’est un premier pas, mais tant reste à faire !Nous partageons le constat de notre collègue Nicolas Thierry : l’encadrement des sources de pollution est insuffisant. Ce point avait d’ailleurs été signalé par notre collègue Isaac-Sibille dans son rapport rédigé à la demande du Gouvernement.Pour réduire la pollution à la source, la proposition de loi impose un cadre strict – mais nécessaire au vu de leurs dangers sanitaires et environnementaux – à l’utilisation des Pfas. Cela passe par une interdiction graduelle de l’utilisation de ces molécules.Nos travaux en commission ont fait progresser ce texte vers un compromis satisfaisant au sujet du calendrier. À partir de 2026, l’utilisation des Pfas serait interdite dans les ustensiles de cuisine, les cosmétiques, les produits de fart et les textiles d’habillement. Pour ces produits avec lesquels nous sommes en contact direct, il existe des solutions alternatives. Eu égard aux enjeux sanitaires, il appartient aux industriels de se mobiliser pour offrir aux consommateurs des produits ne mettant plus leur santé en péril.Nous entendons les inquiétudes de certains, mais opposer emploi et santé est une position d’arrière-garde face à l’ampleur du scandale sanitaire. Se tourner dès que possible vers la recherche de nouvelles solutions industrielles représentera à terme un avantage décisif dans des secteurs qui, en raison de l’inquiétude croissante des consommateurs, excluront progressivement les Pfas. Cette transition devra être accompagnée dans le cadre de la stratégie nationale pour une industrie verte.Par ailleurs, nous considérons que ce n’est pas à la collectivité, notamment aux collectivités territoriales, de payer le coût de la pollution causée par les industriels. Aussi soutenons-nous la mesure visant à ajouter les Pfas à la liste des substances assujetties à la redevance pour pollution de l’eau.Ce principe du pollueur-payeur fait d’ailleurs son chemin, y compris parmi les industriels. Ainsi, le 18 mars, le Groupe Seb a annoncé que son usine Tefal de Rumilly allait prendre en charge les frais de fonctionnement de l’unité de traitement des eaux mise en place dans la commune pour juguler la pollution aux Pfas. Ce n’est que justice et c’est la preuve que les industriels sont en mesure de prendre en charge les dépenses qui leur incombent.Il nous faut ouvrir les yeux, sans dogmatisme, sur le danger que représentent ces polluants dans toute la chaîne environnementale et sanitaire. La responsabilité du législateur est d’agir le plus rapidement possible. Il est temps qu’une proposition de loi sur les Pfas aboutisse. C’est pourquoi notre groupe, conscient de ses responsabilités, votera ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 275,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 697,
   "annotation_id": "N6770e4f8dc99",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPQRS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Une fois encore, les Pfas sont à l’ordre du jour de nos travaux. On compte désormais trois propositions de loi, dont deux en moins d’un an, parmi lesquelles celle du groupe LIOT, présentée en juin dernier, ainsi qu’un récent rapport remis par notre collègue Isaac-Sibille. C’est la preuve de la prise de conscience de l’urgence qu’il y a à réglementer l’utilisation de ces polluants éternels, qui contaminent massivement notre environnement. Les travailleurs, les riverains des usines, les consommateurs, la nourriture, l’eau, les sols et, selon les dernières études, l’air sont concernés.À cause de leur persistance et de leur capacité à s’accumuler dans les tissus des organismes vivants, les Pfas contaminent tous les maillons de la chaîne alimentaire.Santé publique France a montré que 90 % des Pfas auxquels nous sommes exposés provenaient de l’alimentation, en particulier des poissons, de la viande, des charcuteries, des plats composés et de l’eau potable. Les études concernant la contamination de cette dernière tendent à démontrer une pollution généralisée et largement sous-estimée.Or, à ce jour, seuls deux types de Pfas sont interdits au niveau international : les PFOA et les Pfos. La pollution se poursuit donc. En 2020, près de 75 000 tonnes de Pfas ont été émises en Europe. Selon les experts, près de 4,4 millions de tonnes devraient être relâchées en Europe d’ici à 2030, si rien n’est fait pour diminuer la pollution à la source.Une prise de conscience se fait jour, et avec elle les premières actions politiques. Le Parlement européen a ainsi proposé d’interdire les Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires – ce que je prévoyais moi aussi dans ma proposition de loi. C’est un premier pas, mais tant reste à faire !Nous partageons le constat de notre collègue [PERSONNE] : l’encadrement des sources de pollution est insuffisant. Ce point avait d’ailleurs été signalé par notre collègue Isaac-Sibille dans son rapport rédigé à la demande du Gouvernement.Pour réduire la pollution à la source, la proposition de loi impose un cadre strict – mais nécessaire au vu de leurs dangers sanitaires et environnementaux – à l’utilisation des Pfas. Cela passe par une interdiction graduelle de l’utilisation de ces molécules.Nos travaux en commission ont fait progresser ce texte vers un compromis satisfaisant au sujet du calendrier. À partir de 2026, l’utilisation des Pfas serait interdite dans les ustensiles de cuisine, les cosmétiques, les produits de fart et les textiles d’habillement. Pour ces produits avec lesquels nous sommes en contact direct, il existe des solutions alternatives. Eu égard aux enjeux sanitaires, il appartient aux industriels de se mobiliser pour offrir aux consommateurs des produits ne mettant plus leur santé en péril.Nous entendons les inquiétudes de certains, mais opposer emploi et santé est une position d’arrière-garde face à l’ampleur du scandale sanitaire. Se tourner dès que possible vers la recherche de nouvelles solutions industrielles représentera à terme un avantage décisif dans des secteurs qui, en raison de l’inquiétude croissante des consommateurs, excluront progressivement les Pfas. Cette transition devra être accompagnée dans le cadre de la stratégie nationale pour une industrie verte.Par ailleurs, nous considérons que ce n’est pas à la collectivité, notamment aux collectivités territoriales, de payer le coût de la pollution causée par les industriels. Aussi soutenons-nous la mesure visant à ajouter les Pfas à la liste des substances assujetties à la redevance pour pollution de l’eau.Ce principe du pollueur-payeur fait d’ailleurs son chemin, y compris parmi les industriels. Ainsi, le 18 mars, le Groupe Seb a annoncé que son usine Tefal de Rumilly allait prendre en charge les frais de fonctionnement de l’unité de traitement des eaux mise en place dans la commune pour juguler la pollution aux Pfas. Ce n’est que justice et c’est la preuve que les industriels sont en mesure de prendre en charge les dépenses qui leur incombent.Il nous faut ouvrir les yeux, sans dogmatisme, sur le danger que représentent ces polluants dans toute la chaîne environnementale et sanitaire. La responsabilité du législateur est d’agir le plus rapidement possible. Il est temps qu’une proposition de loi sur les Pfas aboutisse. C’est pourquoi notre groupe, conscient de ses responsabilités, votera ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427465",
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   "order": 289,
   "text": "Permettez-moi de répondre rapidement à certaines des remarques qui ont été faites. Je n’ai pas vraiment entendu d’arguments pour s’opposer à l’approche européenne, qui me paraît être pertinente – ce dont j’essaie de convaincre l’Assemblée nationale. Il y a eu des remarques sur les délais. À ce sujet, je précise à nouveau que la France insiste pour que l’Union européenne accélère. En revanche, je n’ai entendu personne soutenir que les choses iront mieux si la France fait quelque chose et laisse les vingt-six autres États membres faire autre chose. En cette journée de niche parlementaire, je voudrais comprendre en quoi l’approche européenne – qui est en train de devenir la plus efficace – pose un problème au rapporteur et à celles et ceux qui soutiennent sa proposition.Comme cela vient d’être dit, l’approche européenne a tendu jusqu’à présent à traiter les produits les uns après les autres. Parmi les milliers qui existent, seuls trois ont été interdits. Il faut donc élargir le mouvement. Mais ce problème est traité par la demande – formulée par l’Allemagne, le Danemark et les Pays-Bas, et soutenue par la France – de traiter désormais les Pfas par familles de produits. Cette méthode sera plus efficace et plus rapide, puisqu’au fur et à mesure que les familles seront analysées par le comité d’évaluation des risques de l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques, nous soutiendrons les interdictions prises à l’échelle de l’Union, comme cela a été le cas pour les produits alimentaires.M. Fournier a parlé des Danois. La seule mesure qu’ils ont prise avant les autres pays est l’interdiction des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires. À l’initiative de la France, elle est désormais en vigueur partout en Europe, ce qui conduit les Danois eux-mêmes à privilégier une approche européenne. Sans vouloir opposer le Parlement au Gouvernement ou la nation à l’Europe, je constate que la démarche européenne est la plus efficace.Il m’a été reproché d’opposer emploi et environnement. (Murmures sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) Non, monsieur Peytavie, ce n’est pas ce que j’ai dit. Non, trois fois non ! Nous ne sacrifierons pas la santé des Français pour préserver l’emploi, à condition évidemment que l’on parle de produits dangereux. Pour ceux dont la dangerosité n’est pas connue ou à propos desquels des études concluent à une probable absence de danger, faut-il s’en remettre à des autorités indépendantes, aux avis des uns et des autres ou à des documentaires qui – fussent-ils très bien faits – mettent en avant des témoignages individuels ?Pour ma part, je crois à la science et je pense que la loi doit être fondée sur des faits, non sur des émotions. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
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   "s": "R",
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   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi de répondre rapidement à certaines des remarques qui ont été faites. Je n’ai pas vraiment entendu d’arguments pour s’opposer à l’approche européenne, qui me paraît être pertinente – ce dont j’essaie de convaincre l’Assemblée nationale. Il y a eu des remarques sur les délais. À ce sujet, je précise à nouveau que la France insiste pour que l’Union européenne accélère. En revanche, je n’ai entendu personne soutenir que les choses iront mieux si la France fait quelque chose et laisse les vingt-six autres États membres faire autre chose. En cette journée de niche parlementaire, je voudrais comprendre en quoi l’approche européenne – qui est en train de devenir la plus efficace – pose un problème au rapporteur et à celles et ceux qui soutiennent sa proposition.Comme cela vient d’être dit, l’approche européenne a tendu jusqu’à présent à traiter les produits les uns après les autres. Parmi les milliers qui existent, seuls trois ont été interdits. Il faut donc élargir le mouvement. Mais ce problème est traité par la demande – formulée par l’Allemagne, le Danemark et les Pays-Bas, et soutenue par la France – de traiter désormais les Pfas par familles de produits. Cette méthode sera plus efficace et plus rapide, puisqu’au fur et à mesure que les familles seront analysées par le comité d’évaluation des risques de l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques, nous soutiendrons les interdictions prises à l’échelle de l’Union, comme cela a été le cas pour les produits alimentaires.M. Fournier a parlé des Danois. La seule mesure qu’ils ont prise avant les autres pays est l’interdiction des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires. À l’initiative de la France, elle est désormais en vigueur partout en Europe, ce qui conduit les Danois eux-mêmes à privilégier une approche européenne. Sans vouloir opposer le Parlement au Gouvernement ou la nation à l’Europe, je constate que la démarche européenne est la plus efficace.Il m’a été reproché d’opposer emploi et environnement. (Murmures sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) Non, monsieur Peytavie, ce n’est pas ce que j’ai dit. Non, trois fois non ! Nous ne sacrifierons pas la santé des Français pour préserver l’emploi, à condition évidemment que l’on parle de produits dangereux. Pour ceux dont la dangerosité n’est pas connue ou à propos desquels des études concluent à une probable absence de danger, faut-il s’en remettre à des autorités indépendantes, aux avis des uns et des autres ou à des documentaires qui – fussent-ils très bien faits – mettent en avant des témoignages individuels ?Pour ma part, je crois à la science et je pense que la loi doit être fondée sur des faits, non sur des émotions. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
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   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
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   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427471",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427471"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "Je suis persuadé qu’il faut s’en remettre à des évaluations indépendantes, de manière à légiférer au niveau pertinent – national ou européen – et sur la base de faits.Je reconnais la capacité d’un certain nombre de documentaires, de films et de reportages à sensibiliser les populations. M. Fournier a parlé de Dark Waters…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 295,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427471",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "Nd78e8a62f52f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis persuadé qu’il faut s’en remettre à des évaluations indépendantes, de manière à légiférer au niveau pertinent – national ou européen – et sur la base de faits.Je reconnais la capacité d’un certain nombre de documentaires, de films et de reportages à sensibiliser les populations. M. Fournier a parlé de Dark Waters…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427474",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427474"
   ],
   "order": 298,
   "text": "Je m’attendais, monsieur Fournier, à ce qu’on s’envoie des études scientifiques à la figure, mais là, c’est pire… Ce film a effectivement accru la sensibilisation des populations à des phénomènes observés aux États-Unis – et en aucun cas, heureusement, en France ou ailleurs en Europe –, en lien avec une contamination très importante des nappes phréatiques causée par les comportements déviants d’industriels américains qui utilisaient deux Pfas désormais interdits, le PFOA et le Pfos.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 298,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427474",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N0d7ed6971dc8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’attendais, monsieur Fournier, à ce qu’on s’envoie des études scientifiques à la figure, mais là, c’est pire… Ce film a effectivement accru la sensibilisation des populations à des phénomènes observés aux États-Unis – et en aucun cas, heureusement, en France ou ailleurs en Europe –, en lien avec une contamination très importante des nappes phréatiques causée par les comportements déviants d’industriels américains qui utilisaient deux Pfas désormais interdits, le PFOA et le Pfos."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427476"
   ],
   "order": 300,
   "text": "Au moins, vous avez des cheveux, ce qui n’est plus mon cas ! (Sourires.) Le film, qui raconte une histoire vieille de quinze ans, a été utile – et on l’en remercie. Mais depuis, ces Pfas ont été interdits en Europe, où on est en train d’accélérer le mouvement. Donc Dark Waters n’a rien à voir avec le schmilblick ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 300,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427476",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "N4039191d7efa",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Au moins, vous avez des cheveux, ce qui n’est plus mon cas ! (Sourires.) Le film, qui raconte une histoire vieille de quinze ans, a été utile – et on l’en remercie. Mais depuis, ces Pfas ont été interdits en Europe, où on est en train d’accélérer le mouvement. Donc Dark Waters n’a rien à voir avec le schmilblick ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427478",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427478"
   ],
   "order": 302,
   "text": "J’essaye d’avoir une approche que je pense raisonnable. J’écoute vos arguments et je m’efforce d’y répondre. Si vous préférez que l’on s’invective et que l’on s’interrompe, nous pouvons le faire aussi, mais je ne crois pas que ce sera très efficace.J’ai été interrogé par M. Amard sur l’extension du site Daikin de Pierre-Bénite. Elle a été autorisée par la Dreal sur la base de l’utilisation des meilleures techniques disponibles pour limiter les rejets dans l’air, sous forme de poussière, de Pfas de type bisphénol AF. Dans l’air, parce que l’entreprise a déjà mis en œuvre tout ce qu’il faut pour limiter les rejets dans l’eau. L’activité du site est très encadrée : pas de rejets dans l’eau, donc, et une limite très restrictive d’un microgramme de bisphénol AF par nanomètre cube de rejet dans l’air. Enfin, un plan de substitution a été demandé à l’industriel dans un délai de trois ans. Je vous détaille cela pour démontrer que des mesures sont prises et que les industriels s’engagent.On peut donc se pointer du doigt les uns les autres ou bien privilégier, du côté de la consommation, l’approche européenne, la seule qui soit opérante, la seule qui va nous permettre de remporter ce combat. Du côté des rejets, il faut avoir une approche installation par installation, comme cela a été indiqué dans le plan annoncé hier. Les préfets prendront des arrêtés qui, compte tenu des spécificités de chaque installation, seront parfois plus restrictifs que ce que vous souhaitez, parfois moins.C’est plus compliqué qu’une mesure passe-partout, qu’une « taille unique » qui interdit tout et partout – sauf pour quelques usages où n’existent pas de solutions alternatives – et qui ne va pas protéger les Françaises et les Français. Mais c’est une approche bien plus rationnelle, bien plus efficace et bien plus opérationnelle. C’est donc celle que défendra le Gouvernement tout au long de l’examen du texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE. – M. Frédéric Petit applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 302,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427478",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 327,
   "annotation_id": "N5284765e461b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’essaye d’avoir une approche que je pense raisonnable. J’écoute vos arguments et je m’efforce d’y répondre. Si vous préférez que l’on s’invective et que l’on s’interrompe, nous pouvons le faire aussi, mais je ne crois pas que ce sera très efficace.J’ai été interrogé par M. Amard sur l’extension du site Daikin de Pierre-Bénite. Elle a été autorisée par la Dreal sur la base de l’utilisation des meilleures techniques disponibles pour limiter les rejets dans l’air, sous forme de poussière, de Pfas de type bisphénol AF. Dans l’air, parce que l’entreprise a déjà mis en œuvre tout ce qu’il faut pour limiter les rejets dans l’eau. L’activité du site est très encadrée : pas de rejets dans l’eau, donc, et une limite très restrictive d’un microgramme de bisphénol AF par nanomètre cube de rejet dans l’air. Enfin, un plan de substitution a été demandé à l’industriel dans un délai de trois ans. Je vous détaille cela pour démontrer que des mesures sont prises et que les industriels s’engagent.On peut donc se pointer du doigt les uns les autres ou bien privilégier, du côté de la consommation, l’approche européenne, la seule qui soit opérante, la seule qui va nous permettre de remporter ce combat. Du côté des rejets, il faut avoir une approche installation par installation, comme cela a été indiqué dans le plan annoncé hier. Les préfets prendront des arrêtés qui, compte tenu des spécificités de chaque installation, seront parfois plus restrictifs que ce que vous souhaitez, parfois moins.C’est plus compliqué qu’une mesure passe-partout, qu’une « taille unique » qui interdit tout et partout – sauf pour quelques usages où n’existent pas de solutions alternatives – et qui ne va pas protéger les Françaises et les Français. Mais c’est une approche bien plus rationnelle, bien plus efficace et bien plus opérationnelle. C’est donc celle que défendra le Gouvernement tout au long de l’examen du texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RE. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427483"
   ],
   "order": 307,
   "text": "Je vais être bref, car dans le cadre d’une niche parlementaire, il ne faut pas s’éterniser ni enliser les débats. Aucune agence, européenne ou française, ne préconise une approche substance par substance plutôt qu’une approche par usage. Il y a un consensus entre toutes les études scientifiques pour dire que tous les polluants éternels, tous les Pfas, se caractérisent par leur persistance et que cela suffit pour les classer comme substances préoccupantes.L’approche substance par substance…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 307,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427483",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N705795eb1b94",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais être bref, car dans le cadre d’une niche parlementaire, il ne faut pas s’éterniser ni enliser les débats. Aucune agence, européenne ou française, ne préconise une approche substance par substance plutôt qu’une approche par usage. Il y a un consensus entre toutes les études scientifiques pour dire que tous les polluants éternels, tous les Pfas, se caractérisent par leur persistance et que cela suffit pour les classer comme substances préoccupantes.L’approche substance par substance…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427486",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427486"
   ],
   "order": 310,
   "text": "…n’a donc aucun sens. (M. Sébastien Peytavie approuve.) Aux États-Unis, le débat s’est enlisé pendant vingt-cinq ans précisément à cause de cette approche. Je vous propose de ne pas faire la même erreur et d’écouter les agences.Par ailleurs, vous rappelez que la France soutient les cinq pays européens qui ont saisi l’Echa. Or ils demandent une approche par famille. Je vois là une contradiction : d’un côté, vous soutenez l’initiative de ces cinq pays et de l’autre, vous nous dites qu’il faudrait une approche substance par substance.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 310,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427486",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "Na51edbbfb111",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…n’a donc aucun sens. (M. [PERSONNE] approuve.) Aux États-Unis, le débat s’est enlisé pendant vingt-cinq ans précisément à cause de cette approche. Je vous propose de ne pas faire la même erreur et d’écouter les agences.Par ailleurs, vous rappelez que la France soutient les cinq pays européens qui ont saisi l’Echa. Or ils demandent une approche par famille. Je vois là une contradiction : d’un côté, vous soutenez l’initiative de ces cinq pays et de l’autre, vous nous dites qu’il faudrait une approche substance par substance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427489",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427489"
   ],
   "order": 313,
   "text": "Vous ne dites pas « substance par substance », mais vous dites qu’il n’y a qu’une famille, celle des Pfas, et des sous-familles. Or les sous-familles ne sont pas reconnues par le texte des cinq pays européens.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 313,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427489",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N8152e2d79236",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous ne dites pas « substance par substance », mais vous dites qu’il n’y a qu’une famille, celle des Pfas, et des sous-familles. Or les sous-familles ne sont pas reconnues par le texte des cinq pays européens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427493",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427493"
   ],
   "order": 317,
   "text": "Par ailleurs, vous prétendez que la France ne serait pas capable de réguler seule ce qui est mis sur le marché. Il y a pourtant de multiples exemples qui prouvent le contraire. Prenons celui du bisphénol A.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 317,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427493",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N978d8702395a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par ailleurs, vous prétendez que la France ne serait pas capable de réguler seule ce qui est mis sur le marché. Il y a pourtant de multiples exemples qui prouvent le contraire. Prenons celui du bisphénol A."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427495",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 319,
   "text": "Exactement ! La France l’a interdit trois ans avant les autres pays et la direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) a tout à fait su contrôler le marché, en anticipant des normes européennes. Idem avec le colorant E 171, qui était présent à peu près partout et que nous avons interdit avant tout le monde ; là aussi, nous avons su contrôler.À propos des hormones de croissance dans la viande, qui avaient fait scandale, la France – à raison – a anticipé la réglementation européenne. Là aussi, on a su contrôler. Et aujourd’hui, sur les Pfas, sur les polluants éternels, pour le nombre limité d’usages qui figurent dans la proposition de loi, vous nous dites que la France ne serait pas capable de le faire ! Je vous livre mon impression : les arguments que vous avez avancés sont extrêmement fragiles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 319,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427495",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 170,
   "annotation_id": "Nca1ce1d39a5b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Exactement ! La France l’a interdit trois ans avant les autres pays et la direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) a tout à fait su contrôler le marché, en anticipant des normes européennes. Idem avec le colorant E 171, qui était présent à peu près partout et que nous avons interdit avant tout le monde ; là aussi, nous avons su contrôler.À propos des hormones de croissance dans la viande, qui avaient fait scandale, la France – à raison – a anticipé la réglementation européenne. Là aussi, on a su contrôler. Et aujourd’hui, sur les Pfas, sur les polluants éternels, pour le nombre limité d’usages qui figurent dans la proposition de loi, vous nous dites que la France ne serait pas capable de le faire ! Je vous livre mon impression : les arguments que vous avez avancés sont extrêmement fragiles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427498",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427498"
   ],
   "order": 322,
   "text": "Je ne veux pas faire durer les débats (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES), mais ayant été interpellé sur des points très précis, je souhaite, pour la clarté des débats, y répondre de manière très concrète. J’irai vite sur le reste.Vous dites que nous avons une approche substance par substance. Or je viens de dire exactement l’inverse. Nous avons poussé pour que la directive et le processus Reach passent d’une procédure substance par substance à une procédure par familles, ou sous-familles si vous préférez. Soit on interdit, comme vous le préconisez, les 12 000 Pfas – option que je persiste à trouver contre-productive –, soit, sur la base d’une étude objective, on soutient la demande d’évaluation formulée par les cinq pays auprès de l’Echa.Cette évaluation se déroule en deux étapes. Dans la première, le comité des risques établit si les produits, ou les familles de produits, ou les sous-familles de produits, sont risqués ou non. Si ce comité produit un diagnostic selon lequel les produits de telle ou telle famille ne sont pas risqués, l’agence ne proposera pas de les interdire. Peut-être que 5 000 Pfas, voire les 12 000 qui existent, sont hyper-risqués, conformément à votre conviction.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 322,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427498",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 199,
   "annotation_id": "N8f2ebf668c70",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne veux pas faire durer les débats (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]), mais ayant été interpellé sur des points très précis, je souhaite, pour la clarté des débats, y répondre de manière très concrète. J’irai vite sur le reste.Vous dites que nous avons une approche substance par substance. Or je viens de dire exactement l’inverse. Nous avons poussé pour que la directive et le processus Reach passent d’une procédure substance par substance à une procédure par familles, ou sous-familles si vous préférez. Soit on interdit, comme vous le préconisez, les 12 000 Pfas – option que je persiste à trouver contre-productive –, soit, sur la base d’une étude objective, on soutient la demande d’évaluation formulée par les cinq pays auprès de l’Echa.Cette évaluation se déroule en deux étapes. Dans la première, le comité des risques établit si les produits, ou les familles de produits, ou les sous-familles de produits, sont risqués ou non. Si ce comité produit un diagnostic selon lequel les produits de telle ou telle famille ne sont pas risqués, l’agence ne proposera pas de les interdire. Peut-être que 5 000 Pfas, voire les 12 000 qui existent, sont hyper-risqués, conformément à votre conviction."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427502"
   ],
   "order": 326,
   "text": "Pour ma part, je préfère fonder l’expertise sur des analyses précises.Ensuite, un second comité, celui dit d’analyse socio-économique, étudie, usage par usage, la possibilité d’avoir des substituts et le temps nécessaire pour en trouver, en intégrant les enjeux socio-économiques. Cela peut en effet se traduire par des interdictions avec des dates d’entrée en vigueur différentes, selon les usages.On peut, faute de substituts, garder les Pfas dans les prothèses de hanche pendant trois, quatre ou cinq ans, et les interdire immédiatement pour les produits alimentaires, comme cela a été fait.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 326,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427502",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "Naa4807a57ee0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ma part, je préfère fonder l’expertise sur des analyses précises.Ensuite, un second comité, celui dit d’analyse socio-économique, étudie, usage par usage, la possibilité d’avoir des substituts et le temps nécessaire pour en trouver, en intégrant les enjeux socio-économiques. Cela peut en effet se traduire par des interdictions avec des dates d’entrée en vigueur différentes, selon les usages.On peut, faute de substituts, garder les Pfas dans les prothèses de hanche pendant trois, quatre ou cinq ans, et les interdire immédiatement pour les produits alimentaires, comme cela a été fait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427506",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427506"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Pour le bisphénol dans les biberons puis les emballages alimentaires, effectivement, la France a pris de l’avance. Vous proposez aujourd’hui que la France prenne « de l’avance » – je mets ces mots entre guillemets, car de mon point de vue, cela pourrait être du retard – pour 12 000 produits. Ce que vous proposez impliquerait que chaque tee-shirt qui entre en France soit contrôlé à la frontière par un douanier. Je préfère agir au niveau européen et employer nos douaniers à autre chose que contrôler tous les tee-shirts entrant en France depuis un autre pays européen.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 330,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427506",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "N5c6375f3d1a5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour le bisphénol dans les biberons puis les emballages alimentaires, effectivement, la France a pris de l’avance. Vous proposez aujourd’hui que la France prenne « de l’avance » – je mets ces mots entre guillemets, car de mon point de vue, cela pourrait être du retard – pour 12 000 produits. Ce que vous proposez impliquerait que chaque tee-shirt qui entre en France soit contrôlé à la frontière par un douanier. Je préfère agir au niveau européen et employer nos douaniers à autre chose que contrôler tous les tee-shirts entrant en France depuis un autre pays européen."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794008",
   "speaker": "Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "quality": "Mme Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427872",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427872"
   ],
   "order": 335,
   "text": "En vous invitant à adopter la présente proposition de loi, nous ne vous demandons pas de choisir entre santé et industrie ; au contraire, nous affirmons qu’il est possible de les concilier. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.) Députée de la deuxième circonscription de l’Isère, où est implantée une plateforme chimique, je sais qu’Avery Dennison a modifié ses procédés de fabrication, il y a plusieurs années, pour respecter les normes de qualité de l’air ; je sais que l’industrie de la papeterie est en train d’exclure les Pfas des emballages alimentaires. Autrement dit, nous demandons de faire quelque chose qui est non seulement possible et faisable, mais indispensable.Monsieur le ministre, les méta-analyses sont très claires : les Pfas, polluants éternels, sont dangereux pour la santé. Ils augmentent les risques de cancer et d’infertilité ; ils ont même des impacts sur le développement des embryons. Nous devons exprimer collectivement ce que disent les Françaises et les Français : on ne peut pas sacrifier notre santé à l’industrie. Nous pouvons faire en sorte qu’il y ait des emplois ; nous pouvons nous appuyer sur les compétences, sur les capacités et sur l’envie de faire des ouvriers et des ingénieurs français pour réussir à produire des matières qui ne nous mettent pas en danger. Nous savons le faire ; nous pouvons le faire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)J’en viens au volet européen de la question. Oui, notre pays doit être pionnier. Le Danemark l’a été en interdisant les Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires, et l’Europe a suivi. Si la France est pionnière en interdisant les Pfas dans les cosmétiques, le fart et les ustensiles de cuisine, nous parviendrons à enclencher une dynamique européenne.Qui plus est, nous devons légiférer pour une raison simple : lorsque l’Europe légifère, si la France ne se fixe pas d’objectifs, elle ne respecte pas les normes européennes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Gabriel Amard applaudit également.) En octobre 2021, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne a condamné la France pour non-respect des directives relatives à l’eau potable.Mes chers collègues, soyons fiers :…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 335,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427872",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 365,
   "annotation_id": "Nb9fcb9c40889",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En vous invitant à adopter la présente proposition de loi, nous ne vous demandons pas de choisir entre santé et industrie ; au contraire, nous affirmons qu’il est possible de les concilier. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Députée de la deuxième circonscription de l’Isère, où est implantée une plateforme chimique, je sais qu’Avery Dennison a modifié ses procédés de fabrication, il y a plusieurs années, pour respecter les normes de qualité de l’air ; je sais que l’industrie de la papeterie est en train d’exclure les Pfas des emballages alimentaires. Autrement dit, nous demandons de faire quelque chose qui est non seulement possible et faisable, mais indispensable.Monsieur le ministre, les méta-analyses sont très claires : les Pfas, polluants éternels, sont dangereux pour la santé. Ils augmentent les risques de cancer et d’infertilité ; ils ont même des impacts sur le développement des embryons. Nous devons exprimer collectivement ce que disent les Françaises et les Français : on ne peut pas sacrifier notre santé à l’industrie. Nous pouvons faire en sorte qu’il y ait des emplois ; nous pouvons nous appuyer sur les compétences, sur les capacités et sur l’envie de faire des ouvriers et des ingénieurs français pour réussir à produire des matières qui ne nous mettent pas en danger. Nous savons le faire ; nous pouvons le faire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)J’en viens au volet européen de la question. Oui, notre pays doit être pionnier. Le Danemark l’a été en interdisant les Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires, et l’Europe a suivi. Si la France est pionnière en interdisant les Pfas dans les cosmétiques, le fart et les ustensiles de cuisine, nous parviendrons à enclencher une dynamique européenne.Qui plus est, nous devons légiférer pour une raison simple : lorsque l’Europe légifère, si la France ne se fixe pas d’objectifs, elle ne respecte pas les normes européennes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) En octobre 2021, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne a condamné la France pour non-respect des directives relatives à l’eau potable.Mes chers collègues, soyons fiers :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427880",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 343,
   "text": "L’article 1er n’a pas fait l’objet d’une étude d’impact. En réalité, on nous demande de surtransposer une directive européenne. Je m’interroge : en quoi serions-nous plus malins et plus efficaces que la convention de Stockholm et le règlement Reach ? Sur le fondement de ce dernier ont déjà été interdits, en 2022, les principaux Pfas – le PFOA, le Pfos et le perfluorohexane sulfonique.Nous sommes tous préoccupés par l’exposition aux Pfas. Nous convenons tous qu’il faut agir. Toutefois, pour agir, il faut aussi laisser le temps à nos entreprises de s’adapter et à la recherche de faire son travail. Chers collègues, regardez sur vous : il y a des Pfas dans votre costume, dans votre papier, dans vos lunettes, dans vos chaussures, dans votre smartphone ! On dit beaucoup de mal des Pfas, mais on oublie de rappeler que, depuis les années 1950, ils ont permis de nombreux progrès humains, non seulement dans la vie quotidienne – je viens d’en donner des exemples – mais aussi dans le domaine de la santé : les Pfas sont présents dans les implants dentaires et dans les prothèses, notamment de hanche.Il est dangereux d’agiter les peurs, car cela altère la confiance de nos concitoyens dans le progrès scientifique, en particulier dans celui que permet la chimie. (Murmures.) Mais enfin, que veut-on ? L’usine Solvay a été mise en cause. Pourtant, elle a été sollicitée pour fabriquer des batteries lithium-ion, car le PVDF qu’elle produit est plus résistant que l’inox.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 343,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427880",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 246,
   "annotation_id": "N69c557d5d656",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LMS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er n’a pas fait l’objet d’une étude d’impact. En réalité, on nous demande de surtransposer une directive européenne. Je m’interroge : en quoi serions-nous plus malins et plus efficaces que la convention de Stockholm et le règlement Reach ? Sur le fondement de ce dernier ont déjà été interdits, en 2022, les principaux Pfas – le PFOA, le Pfos et le perfluorohexane sulfonique.Nous sommes tous préoccupés par l’exposition aux Pfas. Nous convenons tous qu’il faut agir. Toutefois, pour agir, il faut aussi laisser le temps à nos entreprises de s’adapter et à la recherche de faire son travail. Chers collègues, regardez sur vous : il y a des Pfas dans votre costume, dans votre papier, dans vos lunettes, dans vos chaussures, dans votre smartphone ! On dit beaucoup de mal des Pfas, mais on oublie de rappeler que, depuis les années 1950, ils ont permis de nombreux progrès humains, non seulement dans la vie quotidienne – je viens d’en donner des exemples – mais aussi dans le domaine de la santé : les Pfas sont présents dans les implants dentaires et dans les prothèses, notamment de hanche.Il est dangereux d’agiter les peurs, car cela altère la confiance de nos concitoyens dans le progrès scientifique, en particulier dans celui que permet la chimie. (Murmures.) Mais enfin, que veut-on ? L’usine Solvay a été mise en cause. Pourtant, elle a été sollicitée pour fabriquer des batteries lithium-ion, car le PVDF qu’elle produit est plus résistant que l’inox."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois",
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   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427884",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427884"
   ],
   "order": 347,
   "text": "Cela nous permettra de relocaliser la fabrication des batteries en France, de ne plus les importer de Chine… (Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice, dont le temps de parole est écoulé. – Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 347,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427884",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N3faba5928e3d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cela nous permettra de relocaliser la fabrication des batteries en France, de ne plus les importer de Chine… (Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice, dont le temps de parole est écoulé. – Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427886",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427886"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, mon intervention sera brève, car je ne souhaite pas prendre de temps sur votre niche parlementaire. Je ne reviens pas sur les arguments que j’ai développés dans la discussion générale. Comme je l’ai expliqué, l’alinéa 5, qui vise à interdire tous les ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas, nous pose un problème. Nous n’avons pas déposé d’amendement de suppression de l’article 1er. En revanche, nous en avons déposé un qui tend à supprimer l’alinéa 5, qui constitue pour nous une ligne rouge.Êtes-vous prêt à accepter cet amendement ? Si tel était le cas, nous serions d’accord pour voter l’article 1er. A contrario, si vous ne preniez pas d’engagement en ce sens, nous serions dans l’obligation d’utiliser les moyens à notre disposition pour bloquer l’adoption de l’alinéa 5, donc de voter en faveur des amendements de suppression de l’article déposés notamment par Mme Brulebois et par nos collègues du groupe Les Républicains. La balle est dans votre camp.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 349,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427886",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 160,
   "annotation_id": "N7c012e6db032",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, mon intervention sera brève, car je ne souhaite pas prendre de temps sur votre niche parlementaire. Je ne reviens pas sur les arguments que j’ai développés dans la discussion générale. Comme je l’ai expliqué, l’alinéa 5, qui vise à interdire tous les ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas, nous pose un problème. Nous n’avons pas déposé d’amendement de suppression de l’article 1er. En revanche, nous en avons déposé un qui tend à supprimer l’alinéa 5, qui constitue pour nous une ligne rouge.Êtes-vous prêt à accepter cet amendement ? Si tel était le cas, nous serions d’accord pour voter l’article 1er. A contrario, si vous ne preniez pas d’engagement en ce sens, nous serions dans l’obligation d’utiliser les moyens à notre disposition pour bloquer l’adoption de l’alinéa 5, donc de voter en faveur des amendements de suppression de l’article déposés notamment par Mme Brulebois et par nos collègues du groupe [GROUPE]. La balle est dans votre camp."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427889",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427889"
   ],
   "order": 352,
   "text": "Grâce à ce texte de loi, nous nous attaquons à la pollution aux Pfas. Il s’agit de milliers de composés chimiques toxiques qui s’accumulent dans notre environnement. Ces polluants éternels présentent, nous le savons, un risque majeur pour notre santé.Le texte que nous étudions est une version de compromis issue des travaux de la commission du développement durable, autrement dit une version réduite par rapport à la proposition de loi initiale de M. Thierry. Nous avons accepté ce compromis parce qu’il permet de dégager un consensus entre nous. (Mme Marie Pochon applaudit.) En effet, nous pensons qu’il est urgent d’avancer sur la question.Collègues, je suis vraiment atterrée par le nombre d’amendements déposés, qui visent soit à supprimer l’article 1er, soit à réduire encore le champ d’application de la loi, soit à ralentir l’action. Honnêtement, ce n’est pas sérieux ! On ne peut pas, une fois de plus, reculer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)Je fais un petit rappel. En février 2022, on a découvert que les puits et les nappes phréatiques de la région de Rouen étaient pollués aux Pfas. En février 2023, dans la banlieue de Lyon, plus de 200 000 personnes se sont retrouvées avec une eau potable présentant des taux de Pfas supérieurs aux normes. En novembre 2023, en Île-de-France, une pollution généralisée a atteint les œufs de poule, qui ont été déclarés impropres à la consommation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – MM. Benjamin Lucas-Lundy et Marcellin Nadeau applaudissent également.) En février 2024, il y a quelques semaines, on a découvert des taux records de Pfas à Salindres, dans le Gard. Or il y a aussi malheureusement, dans cette même commune, un taux anormal de tumeurs au cerveau.Ne voyez-vous pas que les scandales vont se multiplier, que l’inquiétude va grandir ? Tous les scientifiques nous alertent, la situation est complètement sous-estimée. Lorsque le prochain scandale sanitaire se produira dans votre circonscription, que direz-vous aux habitants ? (Mêmes mouvements.) Qu’il y avait un règlement européen, sur le fondement duquel on allait peut-être agir en 2029, et qu’il était donc urgent d’attendre ? Ce n’est pas sérieux !Selon les scientifiques, la pollution aux Pfas doit être considérée, au même titre que le changement climatique, comme une limite planétaire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.) Or, si on la considérait comme telle, cette limite serait déjà franchie ! En réalité, il est question du droit des générations futures à la vie. Votez l’article 1er ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES, dont plusieurs députés se lèvent, et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 352,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427889",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 442,
   "annotation_id": "Na06bc889524c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Grâce à ce texte de loi, nous nous attaquons à la pollution aux Pfas. Il s’agit de milliers de composés chimiques toxiques qui s’accumulent dans notre environnement. Ces polluants éternels présentent, nous le savons, un risque majeur pour notre santé.Le texte que nous étudions est une version de compromis issue des travaux de la commission du développement durable, autrement dit une version réduite par rapport à la proposition de loi initiale de M. Thierry. Nous avons accepté ce compromis parce qu’il permet de dégager un consensus entre nous. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) En effet, nous pensons qu’il est urgent d’avancer sur la question.Collègues, je suis vraiment atterrée par le nombre d’amendements déposés, qui visent soit à supprimer l’article 1er, soit à réduire encore le champ d’application de la loi, soit à ralentir l’action. Honnêtement, ce n’est pas sérieux ! On ne peut pas, une fois de plus, reculer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)Je fais un petit rappel. En février 2022, on a découvert que les puits et les nappes phréatiques de la région de Rouen étaient pollués aux Pfas. En février 2023, dans la banlieue de Lyon, plus de 200 000 personnes se sont retrouvées avec une eau potable présentant des taux de Pfas supérieurs aux normes. En novembre 2023, en Île-de-France, une pollution généralisée a atteint les œufs de poule, qui ont été déclarés impropres à la consommation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.) En février 2024, il y a quelques semaines, on a découvert des taux records de Pfas à Salindres, dans le Gard. Or il y a aussi malheureusement, dans cette même commune, un taux anormal de tumeurs au cerveau.Ne voyez-vous pas que les scandales vont se multiplier, que l’inquiétude va grandir ? Tous les scientifiques nous alertent, la situation est complètement sous-estimée. Lorsque le prochain scandale sanitaire se produira dans votre circonscription, que direz-vous aux habitants ? (Mêmes mouvements.) Qu’il y avait un règlement européen, sur le fondement duquel on allait peut-être agir en 2029, et qu’il était donc urgent d’attendre ? Ce n’est pas sérieux !Selon les scientifiques, la pollution aux Pfas doit être considérée, au même titre que le changement climatique, comme une limite planétaire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Or, si on la considérait comme telle, cette limite serait déjà franchie ! En réalité, il est question du droit des générations futures à la vie. Votez l’article 1er ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont plusieurs députés se lèvent, et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427896"
   ],
   "order": 359,
   "text": "Il ne faut pas tout mélanger. D’abord, il faut bien distinguer la pollution historique et la pollution à venir. La pollution qui a affecté ma circonscription est historique : elle est liée au fait que des industriels ont déversé, pendant des décennies, des Pfas dans les milieux naturels. Par cette proposition de loi, il est question de restreindre les usages pour empêcher la pollution à venir.S’agissant de la pollution à venir, j’aimerais introduire, à ce stade de nos débats, une autre distinction, entre les substances à propos desquelles il existe un consensus scientifique et celles à propos desquelles il n’y en a pas. En ce qui concerne les Pfas, il existe un consensus au sujet des monomères, qui présentent des particularités : ce sont des tensioactifs, autrement dit des surfactants, qui sont, nous le savons, agressifs pour la santé. En revanche, il n’y a pas de consensus à propos des polymères. On peut s’interroger sur ce que donne leur dégradation dans le temps, mais rien n’est établi. Selon moi, il convient de distinguer ces deux sous-familles, que M. le rapporteur et M. le ministre ont évoquées. Il faut que notre assemblée soit consciente de ces différences.Il est anormal que les monomères, qui sont dangereux, soient déversés dans la nature. Il importe, pour l’avenir – je ne parle donc pas de la pollution historique –, d’instaurer un suivi de ces monomères, tout au long de la filière, de leur production jusqu’à leur destruction, en passant par leur utilisation. C’est ce que je proposerai par amendement. Pour le moment, cette filière n’est pas contrôlée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 359,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427896",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 262,
   "annotation_id": "Nee3f4d6e7dfa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne faut pas tout mélanger. D’abord, il faut bien distinguer la pollution historique et la pollution à venir. La pollution qui a affecté ma circonscription est historique : elle est liée au fait que des industriels ont déversé, pendant des décennies, des Pfas dans les milieux naturels. Par cette proposition de loi, il est question de restreindre les usages pour empêcher la pollution à venir.S’agissant de la pollution à venir, j’aimerais introduire, à ce stade de nos débats, une autre distinction, entre les substances à propos desquelles il existe un consensus scientifique et celles à propos desquelles il n’y en a pas. En ce qui concerne les Pfas, il existe un consensus au sujet des monomères, qui présentent des particularités : ce sont des tensioactifs, autrement dit des surfactants, qui sont, nous le savons, agressifs pour la santé. En revanche, il n’y a pas de consensus à propos des polymères. On peut s’interroger sur ce que donne leur dégradation dans le temps, mais rien n’est établi. Selon moi, il convient de distinguer ces deux sous-familles, que M. le rapporteur et M. le ministre ont évoquées. Il faut que notre assemblée soit consciente de ces différences.Il est anormal que les monomères, qui sont dangereux, soient déversés dans la nature. Il importe, pour l’avenir – je ne parle donc pas de la pollution historique –, d’instaurer un suivi de ces monomères, tout au long de la filière, de leur production jusqu’à leur destruction, en passant par leur utilisation. C’est ce que je proposerai par amendement. Pour le moment, cette filière n’est pas contrôlée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427902",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427902"
   ],
   "order": 365,
   "text": "Il vise effectivement à supprimer l’article 1er. L’introduction de restrictions nationales ciblées avant l’entrée en vigueur de la restriction qui sera adoptée au niveau européen présenterait des risques importants : non-atteinte de l’objectif visé, non-conformité de la loi française aux règles européennes, fragmentation du marché intérieur, non-conformité des produits mis sur le marché national. Une telle mesure serait donc disproportionnée. Elle affecterait fortement la compétitivité de nos entreprises, en particulier de celles qui commercialisent des produits à l’export. J’ai mentionné la société Solvay, implantée dans le Jura. Mes collègues de Haute-Savoie auront à cœur de défendre Tefal.Il convient de privilégier l’introduction d’une restriction européenne relative à la fabrication, à la mise sur le marché et à l’utilisation des Pfas, qui portera notamment sur leur présence dans les produits manufacturés.En 2023, le Gouvernement a adopté un plan d’action ambitieux relatif au Pfas, visant à les contrôler et à réduire les émissions. En juin de la même année, il a pris un arrêté pour imposer aux sites industriels d’analyser les émissions de Pfas dans l’eau qui sont issues de leur activité et de communiquer les résultats. Je peux vous dire que c’est effectif : dans le Jura, la préfecture effectue régulièrement des contrôles très exigeants et très rigoureux.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 365,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427902",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 206,
   "annotation_id": "N29d2db99df7f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EJMT",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise effectivement à supprimer l’article 1er. L’introduction de restrictions nationales ciblées avant l’entrée en vigueur de la restriction qui sera adoptée au niveau européen présenterait des risques importants : non-atteinte de l’objectif visé, non-conformité de la loi française aux règles européennes, fragmentation du marché intérieur, non-conformité des produits mis sur le marché national. Une telle mesure serait donc disproportionnée. Elle affecterait fortement la compétitivité de nos entreprises, en particulier de celles qui commercialisent des produits à l’export. J’ai mentionné la société Solvay, implantée dans le Jura. Mes collègues de Haute-Savoie auront à cœur de défendre Tefal.Il convient de privilégier l’introduction d’une restriction européenne relative à la fabrication, à la mise sur le marché et à l’utilisation des Pfas, qui portera notamment sur leur présence dans les produits manufacturés.En 2023, le Gouvernement a adopté un plan d’action ambitieux relatif au Pfas, visant à les contrôler et à réduire les émissions. En juin de la même année, il a pris un arrêté pour imposer aux sites industriels d’analyser les émissions de Pfas dans l’eau qui sont issues de leur activité et de communiquer les résultats. Je peux vous dire que c’est effectif : dans le Jura, la préfecture effectue régulièrement des contrôles très exigeants et très rigoureux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA332523",
   "speaker": "Marie-Christine Dalloz",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Christine Dalloz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427908",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427908"
   ],
   "order": 371,
   "text": "Je souhaite poser quatre questions à propos de l’article 1er.Premièrement, un certain nombre de substances, dont la dangerosité a été identifiée, sont déjà interdites. En ce qui concerne les autres substances, avons-nous des certitudes ? Leur dangerosité est-elle avérée ? Non, nous n’avons pas de certitude : M. le ministre l’a rappelé, les études sont controversées. La prudence est donc nécessaire. Tant que nous n’avons pas de certitude, évitons de légiférer ainsi, dans l’urgence.Deuxièmement, est-il possible de trouver des produits de substitution aux Pfas qui entrent dans la composition de certains biens ? Je pense aux prothèses de hanche, aux vêtements de protection des sapeurs-pompiers – comment ferait-on pour les défendre ? – ou aux batteries électriques – une grande priorité. Soyons un peu réalistes !Troisièmement, l’article 1er vise à interdire aussi l’importation de produits contenant des Pfas. A-t-on déjà vu cela ? Avons-nous des garanties à ce sujet ? Une fois encore, nous laisserons entrer sur le marché des produits qui feront une concurrence totalement déloyale à nos propres productions.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 371,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427908",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 171,
   "annotation_id": "N0f171ce4bdb8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELMS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite poser quatre questions à propos de l’article 1er.Premièrement, un certain nombre de substances, dont la dangerosité a été identifiée, sont déjà interdites. En ce qui concerne les autres substances, avons-nous des certitudes ? Leur dangerosité est-elle avérée ? Non, nous n’avons pas de certitude : M. le ministre l’a rappelé, les études sont controversées. La prudence est donc nécessaire. Tant que nous n’avons pas de certitude, évitons de légiférer ainsi, dans l’urgence.Deuxièmement, est-il possible de trouver des produits de substitution aux Pfas qui entrent dans la composition de certains biens ? Je pense aux prothèses de hanche, aux vêtements de protection des sapeurs-pompiers – comment ferait-on pour les défendre ? – ou aux batteries électriques – une grande priorité. Soyons un peu réalistes !Troisièmement, l’article 1er vise à interdire aussi l’importation de produits contenant des Pfas. A-t-on déjà vu cela ? Avons-nous des garanties à ce sujet ? Une fois encore, nous laisserons entrer sur le marché des produits qui feront une concurrence totalement déloyale à nos propres productions."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA332523",
   "speaker": "Marie-Christine Dalloz",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Christine Dalloz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427913",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427913"
   ],
   "order": 377,
   "text": "Nous avons été champions en la matière et nous allons continuer !Quatrièmement, sommes-nous contraints d’anticiper sur la réglementation européenne ? Je pense que non.Sur tous ces points, nous n’avons que des incertitudes. Il est donc urgent de supprimer l’article 1er.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 377,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427913",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N04d70a724ddb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons été champions en la matière et nous allons continuer !Quatrièmement, sommes-nous contraints d’anticiper sur la réglementation européenne ? Je pense que non.Sur tous ces points, nous n’avons que des incertitudes. Il est donc urgent de supprimer l’article 1er."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427918",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427918"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "Nous comprenons bien l’intention : ne plus utiliser ni consommer de produits néfastes pour la santé. Néanmoins, l’article 1er pose un problème : il s’agit certes de polluants éternels, mais aucune distinction n’est établie entre les Pfas qui sont nocifs et ceux qui ne le sont pas – par exemple, les fluoropolymères. Quant aux Pfas utiles pour assurer notre compétitivité et notre souveraineté industrielle, il faut évidemment les réglementer et les contrôler, mais on ne peut pas les interdire ainsi, purement et simplement.Les interdictions générales et arbitraires entraînent souvent des effets négatifs. Ce sera sans doute le cas ici. Je pense notamment à la destruction d’emplois, surtout dans la filière des ustensiles de cuisine.Nous partageons tous l’ambition d’une régulation rapide, puis d’une interdiction des Pfas les plus dangereux pour la santé et pour l’environnement. Cependant, il va de soi que leur interdiction dans les ustensiles de cuisine dès le 1er janvier 2026 ne permettrait pas aux industriels de développer des solutions de rechange. Nous avons fait la même erreur avec le glyphosate et les produits en plastique jetables : une interdiction trop rapide, sans avoir suffisamment réfléchi au fait qu’il faudrait nécessairement les remplacer.En outre, il est absolument nécessaire de préserver l’emploi. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) L’article 1er entraînerait la perte de milliers d’emplois en Europe et aurait des conséquences désastreuses pour notre compétitivité industrielle.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 382,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427918",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 228,
   "annotation_id": "N68b7537ce349",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous comprenons bien l’intention : ne plus utiliser ni consommer de produits néfastes pour la santé. Néanmoins, l’article 1er pose un problème : il s’agit certes de polluants éternels, mais aucune distinction n’est établie entre les Pfas qui sont nocifs et ceux qui ne le sont pas – par exemple, les fluoropolymères. Quant aux Pfas utiles pour assurer notre compétitivité et notre souveraineté industrielle, il faut évidemment les réglementer et les contrôler, mais on ne peut pas les interdire ainsi, purement et simplement.Les interdictions générales et arbitraires entraînent souvent des effets négatifs. Ce sera sans doute le cas ici. Je pense notamment à la destruction d’emplois, surtout dans la filière des ustensiles de cuisine.Nous partageons tous l’ambition d’une régulation rapide, puis d’une interdiction des Pfas les plus dangereux pour la santé et pour l’environnement. Cependant, il va de soi que leur interdiction dans les ustensiles de cuisine dès le 1er janvier 2026 ne permettrait pas aux industriels de développer des solutions de rechange. Nous avons fait la même erreur avec le glyphosate et les produits en plastique jetables : une interdiction trop rapide, sans avoir suffisamment réfléchi au fait qu’il faudrait nécessairement les remplacer.En outre, il est absolument nécessaire de préserver l’emploi. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) L’article 1er entraînerait la perte de milliers d’emplois en Europe et aurait des conséquences désastreuses pour notre compétitivité industrielle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721458",
   "speaker": "Xavier Roseren",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Roseren",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426221",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426221"
   ],
   "order": 389,
   "text": "Notre industrie a besoin de temps pour trouver des solutions. L’adoption dans la précipitation de cette proposition de loi aurait pour seule conséquence de l’affaiblir, puisque l’importation de ces produits depuis d’autres pays ne serait pas interdite. Arrêtons de pénaliser notre industrie en anticipant des transpositions européennes encore hypothétiques !La France soutient l’Europe dans son processus de restriction des Pfas d’ici à 2027 ou 2029, selon un calendrier de travail établi. La publication d’avis et de résultats précis est attendue. Nous devons adopter une position commune avec l’Europe plutôt qu’anticiper, sans étude d’impact solide, des décisions européennes. La volonté est là. La France et l’Europe ont clairement manifesté leur intention de restreindre l’usage des Pfas et la révision des règlements en cours permettra d’obtenir des interdictions bien plus efficaces.L’amendement vise donc supprimer l’article 1er afin de mettre le texte en accord avec la réglementation européenne.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "78",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 389,
   "amendments": [
    "78"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426221",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "N5b040cee1389",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Notre industrie a besoin de temps pour trouver des solutions. L’adoption dans la précipitation de cette proposition de loi aurait pour seule conséquence de l’affaiblir, puisque l’importation de ces produits depuis d’autres pays ne serait pas interdite. Arrêtons de pénaliser notre industrie en anticipant des transpositions européennes encore hypothétiques !La France soutient l’Europe dans son processus de restriction des Pfas d’ici à 2027 ou 2029, selon un calendrier de travail établi. La publication d’avis et de résultats précis est attendue. Nous devons adopter une position commune avec l’Europe plutôt qu’anticiper, sans étude d’impact solide, des décisions européennes. La volonté est là. La France et l’Europe ont clairement manifesté leur intention de restreindre l’usage des Pfas et la révision des règlements en cours permettra d’obtenir des interdictions bien plus efficaces.L’amendement vise donc supprimer l’article 1er afin de mettre le texte en accord avec la réglementation européenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794974",
   "speaker": "Louis Margueritte",
   "quality": "M. Louis Margueritte",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426225",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426225"
   ],
   "order": 393,
   "text": "Je soutiens mes collègues Roseren et Brulebois. L’intention est la bonne et j’ose espérer qu’il y a sur ces bancs une volonté unanime d’aller dans le sens de l’histoire, mais c’est un sujet qui relève typiquement de la compétence européenne. (« Ah ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "105",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 393,
   "amendments": [
    "105"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426225",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N6b62f26c130c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je soutiens mes collègues Roseren et Brulebois. L’intention est la bonne et j’ose espérer qu’il y a sur ces bancs une volonté unanime d’aller dans le sens de l’histoire, mais c’est un sujet qui relève typiquement de la compétence européenne. (« Ah ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794974",
   "speaker": "Louis Margueritte",
   "quality": "M. Louis Margueritte",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426227",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426227"
   ],
   "order": 396,
   "text": "Je ne dis pas cela pour mettre en avant l’Europe, qui est un sujet d’actualité. (Exclamations sur les mêmes bancs.) Chers collègues, je vous ai écoutés avec attention, je vous prie de faire de même.Ce n’est pas en interdisant l’ensemble des molécules sans distinction, alors que leurs conséquences pour la santé ne sont pas toutes connues ni appréciées de la même façon, qu’on empêchera les entreprises de les faire entrer dans notre marché. Elles ne sont pas des lapins de six semaines, elles finiront par trouver un moyen ! Vous avez le droit de ne pas y croire mais il se passera la même chose que pour les produits phytosanitaires dans l’agriculture.Agissons plutôt au niveau européen. La France est pilote dans ce domaine et je suis sûr que le ministre et ses services font le maximum pour pousser le sujet auprès des autres États membres. (Mme Véronique Riotton applaudit.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "105",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 396,
   "amendments": [
    "105"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426227",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 149,
   "annotation_id": "N2e3d74aaa69f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne dis pas cela pour mettre en avant l’Europe, qui est un sujet d’actualité. (Exclamations sur les mêmes bancs.) Chers collègues, je vous ai écoutés avec attention, je vous prie de faire de même.Ce n’est pas en interdisant l’ensemble des molécules sans distinction, alors que leurs conséquences pour la santé ne sont pas toutes connues ni appréciées de la même façon, qu’on empêchera les entreprises de les faire entrer dans notre marché. Elles ne sont pas des lapins de six semaines, elles finiront par trouver un moyen ! Vous avez le droit de ne pas y croire mais il se passera la même chose que pour les produits phytosanitaires dans l’agriculture.Agissons plutôt au niveau européen. La France est pilote dans ce domaine et je suis sûr que le ministre et ses services font le maximum pour pousser le sujet auprès des autres États membres. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426341",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426341",
    "3426232"
   ],
   "order": 400,
   "text": "Les amendements proposent de supprimer l’article 1er, qui vise à réduire l’exposition de la population aux Pfas. Vous comprendrez que j’y sois fermement opposé. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et SOC.) Il prévoit d’interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché d’un certain nombre de produits entre 2026 et 2030 sans attendre que le processus décisionnel européen porte ses fruits. Nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre d’attendre encore des années, surtout quand il existe des solutions de remplacement pour des produits qui sont des sources d’exposition pour la population. Je le répéterai autant qu’il le faut : chaque année, chaque mois perdu se compte en vies humaines abîmées ou fauchées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 401,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426341",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "N5dc7f281ebac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les amendements proposent de supprimer l’article 1er, qui vise à réduire l’exposition de la population aux Pfas. Vous comprendrez que j’y sois fermement opposé. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Il prévoit d’interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché d’un certain nombre de produits entre 2026 et 2030 sans attendre que le processus décisionnel européen porte ses fruits. Nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre d’attendre encore des années, surtout quand il existe des solutions de remplacement pour des produits qui sont des sources d’exposition pour la population. Je le répéterai autant qu’il le faut : chaque année, chaque mois perdu se compte en vies humaines abîmées ou fauchées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426356"
   ],
   "order": 403,
   "text": "J’ai entendu la députée Stambach-Terrenoir opposer ceux qui seraient pour la santé à ceux qui seraient prêts à la sacrifier au nom de l’emploi. J’ai même entendu un député dire : « Le cancer aussi, ça crée de l’emploi. » Je pense que nous pouvons mieux faire.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 403,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426356",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "Na3d1b1c3e548",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai entendu la députée Stambach-Terrenoir opposer ceux qui seraient pour la santé à ceux qui seraient prêts à la sacrifier au nom de l’emploi. J’ai même entendu un député dire : « Le cancer aussi, ça crée de l’emploi. » Je pense que nous pouvons mieux faire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426237",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426237"
   ],
   "order": 407,
   "text": "…tout comme j’aime à imaginer qu’il n’y a pas ceux qui sont pour l’industrie et ceux qui sont contre l’industrie. En tout cas, je suis convaincu que le Gouvernement et la totalité des députés présents sur ces bancs, quel que soit leur groupe, y compris ceux avec qui je suis en désaccord sur tout, considèrent que la santé publique des Français est une priorité absolue. Si l’on pouvait éviter de se renvoyer ce genre d’argument, tout le monde y gagnerait, et la qualité du débat aussi. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)Imaginer que certains voteront pour la suppression de l’article parce qu’ils sont prêts à sacrifier des milliers de vies pour sauver 100 jobs, c’est insultant pour le ministre, mais aussi pour tous ceux qui ont déposé ces amendements. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 407,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426237",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 137,
   "annotation_id": "Nac0bce7e4dcb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…tout comme j’aime à imaginer qu’il n’y a pas ceux qui sont pour l’industrie et ceux qui sont contre l’industrie. En tout cas, je suis convaincu que le Gouvernement et la totalité des députés présents sur ces bancs, quel que soit leur groupe, y compris ceux avec qui je suis en désaccord sur tout, considèrent que la santé publique des Français est une priorité absolue. Si l’on pouvait éviter de se renvoyer ce genre d’argument, tout le monde y gagnerait, et la qualité du débat aussi. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)Imaginer que certains voteront pour la suppression de l’article parce qu’ils sont prêts à sacrifier des milliers de vies pour sauver 100 jobs, c’est insultant pour le ministre, mais aussi pour tous ceux qui ont déposé ces amendements. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426240",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426240"
   ],
   "order": 411,
   "text": "J’assume. J’ai parlé vingt minutes avant la discussion générale et je suis convaincu que la manière la plus efficace de traiter le sujet pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens, c’est…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 411,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426240",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N90ed911d708b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’assume. J’ai parlé vingt minutes avant la discussion générale et je suis convaincu que la manière la plus efficace de traiter le sujet pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens, c’est…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426243",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426243"
   ],
   "order": 414,
   "text": "…de le faire en Européens, aussi vite que possible. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.) Sous la législature précédente, j’ai assisté à d’innombrables débats qui consistaient à corriger des mesures prises cinq ou six ans auparavant parce que l’on s’était dit : « Tout va bien, la France sera le phare de la démocratie globale et le reste du monde nous suivra comme un seul homme… » Ah non, finalement, nous avons été les seuls à interdire telle ou telle substance (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES), des filières se sont écroulées et il a fallu, en urgence, voter des exemptions.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 414,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426243",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 105,
   "annotation_id": "Nb1f5fdd1675c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…de le faire en Européens, aussi vite que possible. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.) Sous la législature précédente, j’ai assisté à d’innombrables débats qui consistaient à corriger des mesures prises cinq ou six ans auparavant parce que l’on s’était dit : « Tout va bien, la France sera le phare de la démocratie globale et le reste du monde nous suivra comme un seul homme… » Ah non, finalement, nous avons été les seuls à interdire telle ou telle substance (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE]), des filières se sont écroulées et il a fallu, en urgence, voter des exemptions."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426250",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426250"
   ],
   "order": 421,
   "text": "…fondée, je le répète, sur les faits, sur la science, sur des analyses objectives qui nous permettront d’avancer ensemble, en Européens, suivant une approche opérante qui n’ira pas à rebours des intérêts de la nation. Avis favorable aux amendements de suppression.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 421,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426250",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nac2b9f7e1854",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…fondée, je le répète, sur les faits, sur la science, sur des analyses objectives qui nous permettront d’avancer ensemble, en Européens, suivant une approche opérante qui n’ira pas à rebours des intérêts de la nation. Avis favorable aux amendements de suppression."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426253",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426253"
   ],
   "order": 424,
   "text": "La position du groupe Renaissance est claire depuis le début. Nous l’avons exprimée en commission et nous la reprenons aujourd’hui.Monsieur le rapporteur, nous avons eu des échanges constructifs, basés pour une bonne partie sur les conclusions du rapport de notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille. J’ai reconnu votre travail et il est certain que nous avons des points de convergence, en particulier la suppression dès 2026 des Pfas dans les farts et dans les cosmétiques et en 2030 dans le textile. Nous avons aussi, depuis le début, un désaccord concernant les ustensiles de cuisine.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 424,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426253",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 92,
   "annotation_id": "Nb57bc948d1dc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La position du groupe [GROUPE] est claire depuis le début. Nous l’avons exprimée en commission et nous la reprenons aujourd’hui.Monsieur le rapporteur, nous avons eu des échanges constructifs, basés pour une bonne partie sur les conclusions du rapport de notre collègue [PERSONNE]. J’ai reconnu votre travail et il est certain que nous avons des points de convergence, en particulier la suppression dès 2026 des Pfas dans les farts et dans les cosmétiques et en 2030 dans le textile. Nous avons aussi, depuis le début, un désaccord concernant les ustensiles de cuisine."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426256",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426256"
   ],
   "order": 427,
   "text": "Ce désaccord persiste pour des raisons évidentes qui tiennent aux risques de délocalisation et de perte de compétitivité. En deux ans, Seb et les autres entreprises qui produisent en France des ustensiles de cuisine ne sont pas capables de transformer leur outil de production. Nous sommes donc contre cette partie de l’article 1er mais favorables au reste, en particulier à la redevance sur les rejets. Nous proposerons d’ailleurs des amendements pour améliorer ces dispositions.Nous voterons donc contre ces amendements qui tendent à supprimer intégralement l’article 1er, mais nous voterons ensuite l’amendement de Mme Brulebois visant à supprimer l’alinéa 5 pour retirer les ustensiles de cuisine de l’équation. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 427,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426256",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 117,
   "annotation_id": "N6fd7d05c2e07",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce désaccord persiste pour des raisons évidentes qui tiennent aux risques de délocalisation et de perte de compétitivité. En deux ans, Seb et les autres entreprises qui produisent en France des ustensiles de cuisine ne sont pas capables de transformer leur outil de production. Nous sommes donc contre cette partie de l’article 1er mais favorables au reste, en particulier à la redevance sur les rejets. Nous proposerons d’ailleurs des amendements pour améliorer ces dispositions.Nous voterons donc contre ces amendements qui tendent à supprimer intégralement l’article 1er, mais nous voterons ensuite l’amendement de Mme Brulebois visant à supprimer l’alinéa 5 pour retirer les ustensiles de cuisine de l’équation. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE, Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426264",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426264"
   ],
   "order": 435,
   "text": "Il semble que nous puissions trouver un consensus et j’espère que nous poursuivrons dans cette voie, sur la base des éléments qu’a rappelés Pierre Cazeneuve. (Brouhaha sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "106",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 435,
   "amendments": [
    "106"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426264",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N0147c95bf3be",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il semble que nous puissions trouver un consensus et j’espère que nous poursuivrons dans cette voie, sur la base des éléments qu’a rappelés [PERSONNE]. (Brouhaha sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426266"
   ],
   "order": 437,
   "text": "Les Pfas se divisent en deux sous-familles. D’un côté, il y a celle des monomères, qui sont des assemblages de molécules de carbone et de fluor ; très nombreux, ils sont utilisés comme tensioactifs et coadjuvants. Ce sont ces molécules qu’il faut surveiller depuis leur production jusqu’à leur destruction.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "106",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 437,
   "amendments": [
    "106"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426266",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "N19f9f2fc1bde",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les Pfas se divisent en deux sous-familles. D’un côté, il y a celle des monomères, qui sont des assemblages de molécules de carbone et de fluor ; très nombreux, ils sont utilisés comme tensioactifs et coadjuvants. Ce sont ces molécules qu’il faut surveiller depuis leur production jusqu’à leur destruction."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426268",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426268"
   ],
   "order": 439,
   "text": "De l’autre côté, il y a celle des polymères, qui sont stables mais qui pourraient – il n’y a pas de consensus sur ce point – se dégrader en monomères avec le temps. L’amendement vise à faire la distinction entre ces deux sous-familles. Il est essentiel de contrôler dès maintenant la filière des monomères pour éviter leur diffusion, car ce sont eux qui sont toxiques et qui polluent. Je compte sur votre soutien.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "106",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 439,
   "amendments": [
    "106"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426268",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N628e4ae81dc6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "De l’autre côté, il y a celle des polymères, qui sont stables mais qui pourraient – il n’y a pas de consensus sur ce point – se dégrader en monomères avec le temps. L’amendement vise à faire la distinction entre ces deux sous-familles. Il est essentiel de contrôler dès maintenant la filière des monomères pour éviter leur diffusion, car ce sont eux qui sont toxiques et qui polluent. Je compte sur votre soutien."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426270",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426270"
   ],
   "order": 441,
   "text": "Vous proposez de définir les Pfas. Votre amendement est composé de deux parties : la première reprend une nouvelle définition des Pfas proposée par l’OCDE tandis que la deuxième distingue les différents types de Pfas. C’est cette deuxième partie qui me semble la plus dangereuse. Des scientifiques nous ont en effet alertés, lors des auditions et depuis le dépôt de ces amendements, et je vais essayer de vous expliquer les raisons de leur inquiétude pour que chacun comprenne bien l’enjeu.Vous proposez d’indiquer que les Pfas se divisent en deux familles, les monomères et les polymères. Cette distinction est erronée scientifiquement et dangereuse politiquement. Tout d’abord, d’un point de vue scientifique et chimique, il n’est pas fait de distinction entre les polymères et les monomères, car les substances non polymériques ne sont pas forcément des monomères : il existe, par exemple, des substances oligomériques, que vous ne citez pas dans l’amendement. Scientifiquement, il n’y a donc pas de sens à distinguer uniquement deux catégories. En outre, la littérature scientifique a clairement établi que les Pfas polymères étaient responsables de rejets de Pfas dangereux lors de leur fabrication ou de leur mise en déchets. Autrement dit, les chaînes de production utilisant des polymères rejettent inexorablement des Pfas non polymériques parmi les plus dangereux. Par ailleurs, les produits sortis des chaînes de production, une fois mis en déchet, sont une source de diffusion massive de Pfas non polymériques.J’y reviens : certains affirment que les polymères pourraient être considérés comme des substances inertes et non problématiques. C’est faux. Les scientifiques ont fortement insisté sur ce point ces dernières années, ce qui a conduit les institutions européennes et internationales à l’intégrer. L’OCDE rappelle ainsi qu’ « il est faux de considérer les fluoropolymères comme des polymères peu préoccupants ». L’Echa s’est alignée sur cette conclusion. La deuxième partie de l’amendement doit absolument être supprimée.Par ailleurs, comme je l’ai dit plus tôt ce matin à M. le ministre, la France soutient l’initiative des cinq pays qui souhaitent une interdiction large des Pfas au niveau européen. Cette initiative s’appuie sur une définition élargie de la famille des Pfas et prend soin de ne pas faire la distinction entre monomères et polymères. Par conséquent, adopter l’amendement irait à l’encontre de la position du projet de restriction européen.Quant à la première phrase, elle reprend la définition donnée par l’OCDE, qui s’attache uniquement à la structure chimique des substances. L’inscrire dans la loi n’est pas utile et conduirait à figer une définition qui pourrait évoluer dans les années à venir.Je demande le retrait total de l’amendement ; à tout le moins, il faut supprimer la deuxième partie qui est très problématique. Je donnerai donc un avis favorable à cet amendement, sous réserve de l’adoption de mes deux sous-amendements.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "106",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 441,
   "amendments": [
    "106"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426270",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 458,
   "annotation_id": "N7649a9d6e0db",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous proposez de définir les Pfas. Votre amendement est composé de deux parties : la première reprend une nouvelle définition des Pfas proposée par l’OCDE tandis que la deuxième distingue les différents types de Pfas. C’est cette deuxième partie qui me semble la plus dangereuse. Des scientifiques nous ont en effet alertés, lors des auditions et depuis le dépôt de ces amendements, et je vais essayer de vous expliquer les raisons de leur inquiétude pour que chacun comprenne bien l’enjeu.Vous proposez d’indiquer que les Pfas se divisent en deux familles, les monomères et les polymères. Cette distinction est erronée scientifiquement et dangereuse politiquement. Tout d’abord, d’un point de vue scientifique et chimique, il n’est pas fait de distinction entre les polymères et les monomères, car les substances non polymériques ne sont pas forcément des monomères : il existe, par exemple, des substances oligomériques, que vous ne citez pas dans l’amendement. Scientifiquement, il n’y a donc pas de sens à distinguer uniquement deux catégories. En outre, la littérature scientifique a clairement établi que les Pfas polymères étaient responsables de rejets de Pfas dangereux lors de leur fabrication ou de leur mise en déchets. Autrement dit, les chaînes de production utilisant des polymères rejettent inexorablement des Pfas non polymériques parmi les plus dangereux. Par ailleurs, les produits sortis des chaînes de production, une fois mis en déchet, sont une source de diffusion massive de Pfas non polymériques.J’y reviens : certains affirment que les polymères pourraient être considérés comme des substances inertes et non problématiques. C’est faux. Les scientifiques ont fortement insisté sur ce point ces dernières années, ce qui a conduit les institutions européennes et internationales à l’intégrer. L’OCDE rappelle ainsi qu’ « il est faux de considérer les fluoropolymères comme des polymères peu préoccupants ». L’Echa s’est alignée sur cette conclusion. La deuxième partie de l’amendement doit absolument être supprimée.Par ailleurs, comme je l’ai dit plus tôt ce matin à M. le ministre, la France soutient l’initiative des cinq pays qui souhaitent une interdiction large des Pfas au niveau européen. Cette initiative s’appuie sur une définition élargie de la famille des Pfas et prend soin de ne pas faire la distinction entre monomères et polymères. Par conséquent, adopter l’amendement irait à l’encontre de la position du projet de restriction européen.Quant à la première phrase, elle reprend la définition donnée par l’OCDE, qui s’attache uniquement à la structure chimique des substances. L’inscrire dans la loi n’est pas utile et conduirait à figer une définition qui pourrait évoluer dans les années à venir.Je demande le retrait total de l’amendement ; à tout le moins, il faut supprimer la deuxième partie qui est très problématique. Je donnerai donc un avis favorable à cet amendement, sous réserve de l’adoption de mes deux sous-amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426496",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426496"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "Je donne un avis défavorable aux deux sous-amendements présentés par le rapporteur. Quant à l’amendement no 106 du député Isaac-Sibille, je demande son retrait en faveur d’un autre qu’il a lui-même déposé, l’amendement no 109, que nous examinerons ultérieurement. Vous proposez de reprendre la définition de l’OCDE, qui est largement acceptée par la communauté scientifique, mais vous ajoutez à celle-ci une catégorisation distinguant monomères et polymères, qui pourrait introduire de la confusion. C’est plus compliqué que cela : il y a des milliers de Pfas, je l’ai déjà précisé, et la distinction entre monomères et polymères n’est pas complètement pertinente. La plupart des monomères sont dangereux ; certains polymères le sont également mais d’autres ne le sont pas.Nous préférons donc votre amendement no 109, qui tend à préciser cette définition par décret en Conseil d’État. Inscrire ce type de précision scientifique dans la loi me semble très dangereux et risque de scléroser l’ensemble du dispositif.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 448,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426496",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 155,
   "annotation_id": "Ncffc7512bbca",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je donne un avis défavorable aux deux sous-amendements présentés par le rapporteur. Quant à l’amendement no 106 du député Isaac-Sibille, je demande son retrait en faveur d’un autre qu’il a lui-même déposé, l’amendement no 109, que nous examinerons ultérieurement. Vous proposez de reprendre la définition de l’OCDE, qui est largement acceptée par la communauté scientifique, mais vous ajoutez à celle-ci une catégorisation distinguant monomères et polymères, qui pourrait introduire de la confusion. C’est plus compliqué que cela : il y a des milliers de Pfas, je l’ai déjà précisé, et la distinction entre monomères et polymères n’est pas complètement pertinente. La plupart des monomères sont dangereux ; certains polymères le sont également mais d’autres ne le sont pas.Nous préférons donc votre amendement no 109, qui tend à préciser cette définition par décret en Conseil d’État. Inscrire ce type de précision scientifique dans la loi me semble très dangereux et risque de scléroser l’ensemble du dispositif."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426499",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426499"
   ],
   "order": 451,
   "text": "Il est important que nous en discutions dès maintenant. J’entends, monsieur le ministre, que vous seriez favorable à l’amendement no 109 ; à mon sens, il est essentiel que les Pfas monomères soient contrôlés depuis leur production jusqu’à leur élimination. Il faut donc caractériser les monomères.Compte tenu de ce qu’ont dit le rapporteur et le ministre, je suis prêt à retirer l’amendement, à condition qu’ils précisent tous les deux leur avis concernant l’amendement no 109.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 451,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426499",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N56d5aed5e456",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important que nous en discutions dès maintenant. J’entends, monsieur le ministre, que vous seriez favorable à l’amendement no 109 ; à mon sens, il est essentiel que les Pfas monomères soient contrôlés depuis leur production jusqu’à leur élimination. Il faut donc caractériser les monomères.Compte tenu de ce qu’ont dit le rapporteur et le ministre, je suis prêt à retirer l’amendement, à condition qu’ils précisent tous les deux leur avis concernant l’amendement no 109."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426513",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426513"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "Mais j’aimerais que vous cessiez de croire que vous pouvez faire consensus tout seul, comme vous l’avez fait en commission. Je reconnais que votre texte reprend de nombreuses propositions formulées dans mon rapport, qui avait été demandé par le Gouvernement. Mais je vous en supplie, monsieur le rapporteur, faites des pas en avant pour que nous puissions adopter ensemble cette proposition de loi. Je retire l’amendement no 106, mais je vous demande de reconsidérer votre position sur l’amendement no 109.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 465,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426513",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "Nf734c701fb41",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mais j’aimerais que vous cessiez de croire que vous pouvez faire consensus tout seul, comme vous l’avez fait en commission. Je reconnais que votre texte reprend de nombreuses propositions formulées dans mon rapport, qui avait été demandé par le Gouvernement. Mais je vous en supplie, monsieur le rapporteur, faites des pas en avant pour que nous puissions adopter ensemble cette proposition de loi. Je retire l’amendement no 106, mais je vous demande de reconsidérer votre position sur l’amendement no 109."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426517",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426517"
   ],
   "order": 469,
   "text": "Il vise à supprimer les alinéas 4 à 8 de l’article 1er, qui conduiraient à interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit d’un certain nombre de produits d’ici à 2026. Je l’ai déjà dit : une telle échéance me paraît très prématurée, d’autant que, comme certains orateurs l’ont dit avant moi, aucune étude d’impact n’a été fournie pour évaluer les conséquences de ces interdictions pour notre industrie.Je le répète, des mesures votées par notre assemblée pour interdire certains produits, pendant cette législature ou la précédente, l’ont été beaucoup trop rapidement : on s’est rendu compte, par la suite, de toutes les conséquences négatives qu’elles pouvaient avoir. On ne peut pas voter des interdictions à l’emporte-pièce, en l’absence de produits de substitution ou de solutions alternatives, que ce soit pour notre industrie ou, bien entendu, pour la protection de notre santé et de l’environnement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "52",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 469,
   "amendments": [
    "52"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426517",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 152,
   "annotation_id": "N185e42c14f8f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à supprimer les alinéas 4 à 8 de l’article 1er, qui conduiraient à interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit d’un certain nombre de produits d’ici à 2026. Je l’ai déjà dit : une telle échéance me paraît très prématurée, d’autant que, comme certains orateurs l’ont dit avant moi, aucune étude d’impact n’a été fournie pour évaluer les conséquences de ces interdictions pour notre industrie.Je le répète, des mesures votées par notre assemblée pour interdire certains produits, pendant cette législature ou la précédente, l’ont été beaucoup trop rapidement : on s’est rendu compte, par la suite, de toutes les conséquences négatives qu’elles pouvaient avoir. On ne peut pas voter des interdictions à l’emporte-pièce, en l’absence de produits de substitution ou de solutions alternatives, que ce soit pour notre industrie ou, bien entendu, pour la protection de notre santé et de l’environnement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426522",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426522"
   ],
   "order": 474,
   "text": "Je ne sais pas quoi dire ! Vous souhaitez supprimer plusieurs alinéas auxquels le Gouvernement est opposé, pour les raisons que j’ai mentionnées tout à l’heure, mais vous en gardez d’autres auxquels nous sommes tout aussi opposés.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 474,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426522",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N5e8b50f4d6c0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne sais pas quoi dire ! Vous souhaitez supprimer plusieurs alinéas auxquels le Gouvernement est opposé, pour les raisons que j’ai mentionnées tout à l’heure, mais vous en gardez d’autres auxquels nous sommes tout aussi opposés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721458",
   "speaker": "Xavier Roseren",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Roseren",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426528",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426528"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "Cet amendement, dans l’esprit de celui que j’ai défendu tout à l’heure, vise à adapter le calendrier du texte à celui de l’Union européenne. Conserver l’article 1er permettra de faire passer aux États membres un message fort sur le volontarisme de la France en matière de restriction des Pfas, mais le calendrier fixé ne doit pas compromettre la mise en application à venir du texte. Il doit demeurer cohérent par rapport à ce que fait l’Union européenne, qui vise vraiment le même objectif que nous.Par conséquent, mon amendement tend à modifier le calendrier prévu afin d’éviter qu’il ne devance les prochaines dispositions européennes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "79",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 480,
   "amendments": [
    "79"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426528",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "Nb40bec85c7b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement, dans l’esprit de celui que j’ai défendu tout à l’heure, vise à adapter le calendrier du texte à celui de l’Union européenne. Conserver l’article 1er permettra de faire passer aux États membres un message fort sur le volontarisme de la France en matière de restriction des Pfas, mais le calendrier fixé ne doit pas compromettre la mise en application à venir du texte. Il doit demeurer cohérent par rapport à ce que fait l’Union européenne, qui vise vraiment le même objectif que nous.Par conséquent, mon amendement tend à modifier le calendrier prévu afin d’éviter qu’il ne devance les prochaines dispositions européennes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426531",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426531"
   ],
   "order": 483,
   "text": "Je m’en suis expliqué tout à l’heure : repousser de plusieurs années toute avancée entraînerait un problème de santé publique. Chaque mois et chaque année que nous perdons, ce sont des vies humaines en moins. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 483,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426531",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N8408f174fa50",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’en suis expliqué tout à l’heure : repousser de plusieurs années toute avancée entraînerait un problème de santé publique. Chaque mois et chaque année que nous perdons, ce sont des vies humaines en moins. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426542",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426542"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "L’amendement no 40 est un amendement d’appel, dont l’objectif est de mettre le sujet sur la table : il faut que les choses soient dites. Il est évident que si l’on interdit la fabrication de certains produits contenant des Pfas, il faut également en interdire l’importation sur notre sol. Toutefois, une telle interdiction serait-elle suivie d’effet ? Les services chargés des vérifications nécessaires en auront-ils les moyens, sachant que celles-ci sont particulièrement complexes à réaliser et que peu de laboratoires en ont la capacité ? La France fera-t-elle ce qu’il faut pour tenir cet engagement ? De quels moyens disposeront les agents de l’État ? Les importations de ce type de produits ont-elles été quantifiées ?En commission, le rapporteur soulignait, à juste titre, la qualité des agents de la DGCCRF. Le Gouvernement peut-il nous assurer qu’ils seront pourvus d’une formation et de moyens suffisants pour contrôler la bonne application d’une telle interdiction ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "40",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 494,
   "amendments": [
    "40"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426542",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 153,
   "annotation_id": "N1fa836e8013a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement no 40 est un amendement d’appel, dont l’objectif est de mettre le sujet sur la table : il faut que les choses soient dites. Il est évident que si l’on interdit la fabrication de certains produits contenant des Pfas, il faut également en interdire l’importation sur notre sol. Toutefois, une telle interdiction serait-elle suivie d’effet ? Les services chargés des vérifications nécessaires en auront-ils les moyens, sachant que celles-ci sont particulièrement complexes à réaliser et que peu de laboratoires en ont la capacité ? La France fera-t-elle ce qu’il faut pour tenir cet engagement ? De quels moyens disposeront les agents de l’État ? Les importations de ce type de produits ont-elles été quantifiées ?En commission, le rapporteur soulignait, à juste titre, la qualité des agents de la DGCCRF. Le Gouvernement peut-il nous assurer qu’ils seront pourvus d’une formation et de moyens suffisants pour contrôler la bonne application d’une telle interdiction ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426545",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426545"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "Je m’en suis en effet expliqué en commission. La DGCCRF accomplit un travail formidable – je citais tout à l’heure les exemples du bisphénol A, du colorant E171 (dioxyde de titane) ou du bœuf aux hormones : on a su contrôler par le passé, et j’ai pleinement confiance en l’administration pour mener ce travail.Retirer du texte les importations, comme vous le proposez, me semble en contradiction avec son esprit. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 497,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426545",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 71,
   "annotation_id": "N8dbba410170d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’en suis en effet expliqué en commission. La DGCCRF accomplit un travail formidable – je citais tout à l’heure les exemples du bisphénol A, du colorant E171 (dioxyde de titane) ou du bœuf aux hormones : on a su contrôler par le passé, et j’ai pleinement confiance en l’administration pour mener ce travail.Retirer du texte les importations, comme vous le proposez, me semble en contradiction avec son esprit. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426548",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426548"
   ],
   "order": 500,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. J’y vois un amendement d’appel, qui vise à interroger les modalités de contrôle des interdictions prévues par la proposition de loi, dont j’ai bien dit dans mon intervention liminaire qu’elles étaient totalement inopérantes. En effet, si l’on interdit le passage des 5 000 Pfas présents dans tous les textiles à nos différentes frontières – franco-allemande, franco-belge, franco-espagnole ou franco-italienne –, nos douaniers, qui ont tout de même autre chose à faire, auront beaucoup de mal à procéder aux contrôles nécessaires.Des actions coordonnées de contrôle sur les réglementations en matière de produits chimiques ont évidemment lieu chaque année à l’échelle européenne, car c’est à ce niveau – je l’ai dit et je le répète – qu’il faut agir.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 500,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426548",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "N4d692d9734af",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. J’y vois un amendement d’appel, qui vise à interroger les modalités de contrôle des interdictions prévues par la proposition de loi, dont j’ai bien dit dans mon intervention liminaire qu’elles étaient totalement inopérantes. En effet, si l’on interdit le passage des 5 000 Pfas présents dans tous les textiles à nos différentes frontières – franco-allemande, franco-belge, franco-espagnole ou franco-italienne –, nos douaniers, qui ont tout de même autre chose à faire, auront beaucoup de mal à procéder aux contrôles nécessaires.Des actions coordonnées de contrôle sur les réglementations en matière de produits chimiques ont évidemment lieu chaque année à l’échelle européenne, car c’est à ce niveau – je l’ai dit et je le répète – qu’il faut agir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426551",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426551"
   ],
   "order": 503,
   "text": "Si le règlement Reach décide d’autoriser certains Pfas pour certains usages, ces substances feront également l’objet d’un contrôle au niveau européen. De telles mesures ont du sens à l’échelle européenne…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 503,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426551",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N7e6c5086868e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si le règlement Reach décide d’autoriser certains Pfas pour certains usages, ces substances feront également l’objet d’un contrôle au niveau européen. De telles mesures ont du sens à l’échelle européenne…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426553",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426553"
   ],
   "order": 505,
   "text": "…mais au niveau national, elles introduisent malheureusement beaucoup de complexité, des coûts supplémentaires, y compris – sans doute – administratifs, et de l’inefficacité. Avis défavorable, donc, à défaut d’un retrait.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 505,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426553",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Na2c4e2262b2f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…mais au niveau national, elles introduisent malheureusement beaucoup de complexité, des coûts supplémentaires, y compris – sans doute – administratifs, et de l’inefficacité. Avis défavorable, donc, à défaut d’un retrait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426555",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426555"
   ],
   "order": 507,
   "text": "Les réponses très optimistes du rapporteur et celles, plus réalistes, du Gouvernement, sont conformes à ce que nous attendions. Nous allons bien évidemment retirer cet amendement, qui était un amendement d’appel ; au moins, les choses ont été dites.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 507,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426555",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N2b19c4c53af0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les réponses très optimistes du rapporteur et celles, plus réalistes, du Gouvernement, sont conformes à ce que nous attendions. Nous allons bien évidemment retirer cet amendement, qui était un amendement d’appel ; au moins, les choses ont été dites."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795786",
   "speaker": "Yaël Ménaché",
   "quality": "Mme Yaël Menache",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426558",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426558"
   ],
   "order": 510,
   "text": "Je défendrai en même temps l’amendement no 80, qui fait partie de la discussion commune. La gauche, qui est l’avant-garde du Gouvernement pour ruiner économiquement la France (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES), se fait une spécialité des restrictions et des interdictions,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "1",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 510,
   "amendments": [
    "1"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426558",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N75b9751aa72b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je défendrai en même temps l’amendement no 80, qui fait partie de la discussion commune. La gauche, qui est l’avant-garde du Gouvernement pour ruiner économiquement la France (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), se fait une spécialité des restrictions et des interdictions,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795786",
   "speaker": "Yaël Ménaché",
   "quality": "Mme Yaël Menache",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426564",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426564"
   ],
   "order": 517,
   "text": "Ces entreprises travaillent déjà sur des solutions de rechange aux Pfas ; ces solutions ne sont certes pas encore abouties, mais cela ne se fait pas en un claquement de doigts ! Les Pfas sont utilisés dans la fabrication de plus de 10 000 produits ! Elles sont nécessaires et indispensables notamment dans les ustensiles de cuisine, dont il a été question tout à l’heure : on ne peut pas les supprimer comme ça ! Sinon, vous allez ruiner ce qui reste de l’industrie française. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.) Alors cessons de mener des politiques ruineuses et brouillonnes : laissons le temps au temps…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "1",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 517,
   "amendments": [
    "1"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426564",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 109,
   "annotation_id": "N7d5234a9a4fc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ces entreprises travaillent déjà sur des solutions de rechange aux Pfas ; ces solutions ne sont certes pas encore abouties, mais cela ne se fait pas en un claquement de doigts ! Les Pfas sont utilisés dans la fabrication de plus de 10 000 produits ! Elles sont nécessaires et indispensables notamment dans les ustensiles de cuisine, dont il a été question tout à l’heure : on ne peut pas les supprimer comme ça ! Sinon, vous allez ruiner ce qui reste de l’industrie française. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].) Alors cessons de mener des politiques ruineuses et brouillonnes : laissons le temps au temps…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795786",
   "speaker": "Yaël Ménaché",
   "quality": "Mme Yaël Menache",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426566",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426566"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "Laissez-moi parler ! Laissons le temps aux entreprises de trouver des produits de substitution aux Pfas ! (Mêmes mouvements.) Vous êtes les fossoyeurs de la France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN. – « C’est ridicule ! » sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "1",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 519,
   "amendments": [
    "1"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426566",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "Nb7c50aceb327",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Laissez-moi parler ! Laissons le temps aux entreprises de trouver des produits de substitution aux Pfas ! (Mêmes mouvements.) Vous êtes les fossoyeurs de la France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – « C’est ridicule ! » sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426569",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426569"
   ],
   "order": 522,
   "text": "Comme nous l’avons dit lors de la discussion générale, nous souhaitons supprimer l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er, afin de retirer tout ustensile de cuisine contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées ou polyfluoralkylées de la proposition de loi. Il est évident que nos industriels ne peuvent effectuer cette transition sans prendre un temps incompressible – nous l’avons déjà expliqué. J’insiste donc fermement là-dessus, afin que nos entreprises puissent assurer la mutation que nous leur demanderons dans un délai raisonnable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "1",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 522,
   "amendments": [
    "1"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426569",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "Nd8770f13614f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comme nous l’avons dit lors de la discussion générale, nous souhaitons supprimer l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er, afin de retirer tout ustensile de cuisine contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées ou polyfluoralkylées de la proposition de loi. Il est évident que nos industriels ne peuvent effectuer cette transition sans prendre un temps incompressible – nous l’avons déjà expliqué. J’insiste donc fermement là-dessus, afin que nos entreprises puissent assurer la mutation que nous leur demanderons dans un délai raisonnable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426573",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426573"
   ],
   "order": 526,
   "text": "Il vise à supprimer l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er, et donc à exempter les ustensiles de cuisine contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées ou polyfluoralkylées de l’interdiction de fabrication. En effet, la rédaction actuelle de l’article ne fait aucune distinction entre les Pfas préoccupants et les autres, notamment les fluoropolymères, aux caractéristiques chimiques particulièrement utiles et dont l’innocuité est avérée ; une telle distinction est pourtant indispensable si nous voulons maintenir la compétitivité et la souveraineté industrielle de la France.On l’a dit, il n’est pas si facile de trouver des produits de substitution. En aura-t-on d’ici à 2026 ? Non ! Il arrive même que le remède soit plus nuisible que le mal. Par exemple, les plastiques à usage unique ont été interdits et remplacés par des cartons ; or ces cartons ne sont pas imperméables. Qu’a-t-on mis à l’intérieur ? Des Pfas ! Je pense aussi aux pailles en carton importées, qui remplacent les pailles en plastique : elles contiennent aussi des Pfas.Ce sont des milliers d’emplois qui sont en jeu et, comme l’ont dit les salariés de l’entreprise Seb, supprimer cette partie du texte – l’alinéa 5 – reviendrait à maintenir des emplois. S’ils perdent leur travail, ce seront aussi leurs familles qui en souffriront : il faut les entendre !Par ailleurs, une telle interdiction pousserait à la destruction immédiate de tous ces articles, ainsi que des pièces détachées destinées à leur réparation, qui ne contiennent pas de Pfas. Cela irait totalement à contre-courant de l’excellente loi Agec, la loi du 10 février 2020 relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire, que nous avons votée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "1",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 526,
   "amendments": [
    "1"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426573",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 269,
   "annotation_id": "Nadc2661e34fd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à supprimer l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er, et donc à exempter les ustensiles de cuisine contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées ou polyfluoralkylées de l’interdiction de fabrication. En effet, la rédaction actuelle de l’article ne fait aucune distinction entre les Pfas préoccupants et les autres, notamment les fluoropolymères, aux caractéristiques chimiques particulièrement utiles et dont l’innocuité est avérée ; une telle distinction est pourtant indispensable si nous voulons maintenir la compétitivité et la souveraineté industrielle de la France.On l’a dit, il n’est pas si facile de trouver des produits de substitution. En aura-t-on d’ici à 2026 ? Non ! Il arrive même que le remède soit plus nuisible que le mal. Par exemple, les plastiques à usage unique ont été interdits et remplacés par des cartons ; or ces cartons ne sont pas imperméables. Qu’a-t-on mis à l’intérieur ? Des Pfas ! Je pense aussi aux pailles en carton importées, qui remplacent les pailles en plastique : elles contiennent aussi des Pfas.Ce sont des milliers d’emplois qui sont en jeu et, comme l’ont dit les salariés de l’entreprise Seb, supprimer cette partie du texte – l’alinéa 5 – reviendrait à maintenir des emplois. S’ils perdent leur travail, ce seront aussi leurs familles qui en souffriront : il faut les entendre !Par ailleurs, une telle interdiction pousserait à la destruction immédiate de tous ces articles, ainsi que des pièces détachées destinées à leur réparation, qui ne contiennent pas de Pfas. Cela irait totalement à contre-courant de l’excellente loi Agec, la loi du 10 février 2020 relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire, que nous avons votée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425937",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425937"
   ],
   "order": 532,
   "text": "Comme évoqué tout à l’heure, cet amendement vise à permettre aux industries de prendre le temps de développer d’autres techniques. Il entend décaler l’interdiction appliquée aux ustensiles de cuisine au 1er janvier 2030. En effet, qu’il s’agisse des industries cosmétiques, du fart ou de l’industrie textile d’habillement, les fabricants d’ustensiles ne seront pas prêts d’ici deux ans.Cependant, comme ces produits sont utilisés au quotidien, il apparaît important de prévoir une interdiction à terme, en donnant un calendrier précis aux acteurs de la filière. C’est un message très important qu’il faut leur adresser pour qu’ils anticipent la révision du modèle de production et l’interdiction des Pfas.L’adoption de l’amendement permettrait également d’articuler l’interdiction des produits textiles et des ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas avec les futures mesures de restriction européennes en cours d’élaboration, dans le cadre du règlement Reach. Tant pour les textiles que pour les ustensiles, le cadre européen semble être le plus approprié pour définir une trajectoire de sortie des Pfas de ces secteurs.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 532,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425937",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 165,
   "annotation_id": "Nb690d843e853",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comme évoqué tout à l’heure, cet amendement vise à permettre aux industries de prendre le temps de développer d’autres techniques. Il entend décaler l’interdiction appliquée aux ustensiles de cuisine au 1er janvier 2030. En effet, qu’il s’agisse des industries cosmétiques, du fart ou de l’industrie textile d’habillement, les fabricants d’ustensiles ne seront pas prêts d’ici deux ans.Cependant, comme ces produits sont utilisés au quotidien, il apparaît important de prévoir une interdiction à terme, en donnant un calendrier précis aux acteurs de la filière. C’est un message très important qu’il faut leur adresser pour qu’ils anticipent la révision du modèle de production et l’interdiction des Pfas.L’adoption de l’amendement permettrait également d’articuler l’interdiction des produits textiles et des ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas avec les futures mesures de restriction européennes en cours d’élaboration, dans le cadre du règlement Reach. Tant pour les textiles que pour les ustensiles, le cadre européen semble être le plus approprié pour définir une trajectoire de sortie des Pfas de ces secteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425941",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425941"
   ],
   "order": 536,
   "text": "J’userai des mêmes arguments que ma collègue Anne-Cécile Violland pour présenter cet amendement qui tend à décaler au 1er janvier 2030 l’interdiction appliquée aux ustensiles de cuisine. Ceux-ci relevant de notre quotidien, il est important de prévoir une interdiction à terme et de donner un calendrier précis aux acteurs de cette filière.L’adoption de l’amendement permettrait également d’articuler l’interdiction des produits textiles et des ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas avec les futures mesures de restrictions européennes en cours d’élaboration dans le cadre du règlement Reach. Encore une fois, ce règlement doit faire foi sur les usages. Tant pour les textiles que pour les ustensiles, le cadre européen semble être le plus approprié. Nous devons suivre ces révisions et prévoir une clause-filet au cas où elles s’appliqueraient plus rapidement que ce texte.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 536,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425941",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "N20954968fa3d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’userai des mêmes arguments que ma collègue [PERSONNE] pour présenter cet amendement qui tend à décaler au 1er janvier 2030 l’interdiction appliquée aux ustensiles de cuisine. Ceux-ci relevant de notre quotidien, il est important de prévoir une interdiction à terme et de donner un calendrier précis aux acteurs de cette filière.L’adoption de l’amendement permettrait également d’articuler l’interdiction des produits textiles et des ustensiles de cuisine contenant des Pfas avec les futures mesures de restrictions européennes en cours d’élaboration dans le cadre du règlement Reach. Encore une fois, ce règlement doit faire foi sur les usages. Tant pour les textiles que pour les ustensiles, le cadre européen semble être le plus approprié. Nous devons suivre ces révisions et prévoir une clause-filet au cas où elles s’appliqueraient plus rapidement que ce texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425944",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425944"
   ],
   "order": 539,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement commun aux trois groupes de la majorité. Monsieur le rapporteur, êtes-vous prêt à un compromis ? Il y a trois façons de voir les choses. Certains veulent supprimer l’alinéa 5, pour mettre de côté les ustensiles de cuisine. Vous souhaitez, de votre côté, les interdire dès 2026. La majorité, quant à elle, tient à trouver un consensus. Nous proposons donc l’horizon 2030 car nous espérons bien que, d’ici là, l’Europe aura avancé grâce au règlement Reach et que nous aurons une meilleure connaissance scientifique des polymères.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 539,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425944",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "N498c12015fa9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement commun aux trois groupes de la majorité. Monsieur le rapporteur, êtes-vous prêt à un compromis ? Il y a trois façons de voir les choses. Certains veulent supprimer l’alinéa 5, pour mettre de côté les ustensiles de cuisine. Vous souhaitez, de votre côté, les interdire dès 2026. La majorité, quant à elle, tient à trouver un consensus. Nous proposons donc l’horizon 2030 car nous espérons bien que, d’ici là, l’Europe aura avancé grâce au règlement Reach et que nous aurons une meilleure connaissance scientifique des polymères."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425945",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425945"
   ],
   "order": 541,
   "text": "Il est important que vous vous prononciez maintenant, avec les groupes de l’opposition. Si vous êtes prêts à un compromis, dites-le. Nous ne voterons pas la suppression et nous trouverons un accord.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 541,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425945",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N5b910c885a5c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important que vous vous prononciez maintenant, avec les groupes de l’opposition. Si vous êtes prêts à un compromis, dites-le. Nous ne voterons pas la suppression et nous trouverons un accord."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425947",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425947"
   ],
   "order": 543,
   "text": "En revanche, si vous refusez le compromis pour vous en tenir à l’horizon 2026, si vous décidez de retoquer notre amendement, nous serons obligés de voter la suppression de l’alinéa. Monsieur le rapporteur, mesdames et messieurs les écologistes, vous avez le sort de ces amendements entre vos mains. Je vous remercie de préciser ce que vous allez faire.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 543,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425947",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N2aa16607d669",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En revanche, si vous refusez le compromis pour vous en tenir à l’horizon 2026, si vous décidez de retoquer notre amendement, nous serons obligés de voter la suppression de l’alinéa. Monsieur le rapporteur, mesdames et messieurs les écologistes, vous avez le sort de ces amendements entre vos mains. Je vous remercie de préciser ce que vous allez faire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425949",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425949"
   ],
   "order": 545,
   "text": "Tout à l’heure, monsieur le ministre, vous nous avez reproché de « balancer » des études. Mais j’ai entendu toute une série d’arguments qui faisaient référence à des études scientifiques ! Y aurait-il donc les bons et les mauvais scientifiques ?Nous avons étudié ce que disent les scientifiques. (Mme Marie Pochon applaudit.) Ils sont largement d’accord entre eux et je ne me permettrai pas d’affirmer que certains Pfas seraient dangereux et pas d’autres. Je lis ce qu’écrivent les scientifiques car notre rôle est de prendre des décisions politiques à partir de leurs études.Ensuite, quand je vous invite à regarder le film Dark Waters, ce n’est pas pour vous proposer une bonne soirée mais pour vous sensibiliser à la gravité du problème : le film montre en effet comment la plus grande étude épidémiologique de l’histoire mondiale, menée auprès de 69 000 personnes, a révélé l’extrême dangerosité des Pfas et la nécessité d’agir pour nous en protéger.Le rapporteur a accepté de faire des compromis et de reculer des dates.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 545,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425949",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 168,
   "annotation_id": "N8148a3dfdc0b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tout à l’heure, monsieur le ministre, vous nous avez reproché de « balancer » des études. Mais j’ai entendu toute une série d’arguments qui faisaient référence à des études scientifiques ! Y aurait-il donc les bons et les mauvais scientifiques ?Nous avons étudié ce que disent les scientifiques. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Ils sont largement d’accord entre eux et je ne me permettrai pas d’affirmer que certains Pfas seraient dangereux et pas d’autres. Je lis ce qu’écrivent les scientifiques car notre rôle est de prendre des décisions politiques à partir de leurs études.Ensuite, quand je vous invite à regarder le film Dark Waters, ce n’est pas pour vous proposer une bonne soirée mais pour vous sensibiliser à la gravité du problème : le film montre en effet comment la plus grande étude épidémiologique de l’histoire mondiale, menée auprès de 69 000 personnes, a révélé l’extrême dangerosité des Pfas et la nécessité d’agir pour nous en protéger.Le rapporteur a accepté de faire des compromis et de reculer des dates."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425954",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425954"
   ],
   "order": 550,
   "text": "Je vous propose un nouveau compromis. L’horizon 2030, c’est dans six ans ! Allons-nous expliquer à nos concitoyens que nous ne nous occuperons des ustensiles de cuisine – qui sont dans leur maison, dont ils se servent dans la vie courante – que dans six ans ?Non, nous vous proposons l’horizon 2027, ce qui laisserait trois ans aux industriels pour changer les chaînes de production.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 550,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425954",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "Nff3c6ff8cc60",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous propose un nouveau compromis. L’horizon 2030, c’est dans six ans ! Allons-nous expliquer à nos concitoyens que nous ne nous occuperons des ustensiles de cuisine – qui sont dans leur maison, dont ils se servent dans la vie courante – que dans six ans ?Non, nous vous proposons l’horizon 2027, ce qui laisserait trois ans aux industriels pour changer les chaînes de production."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425957",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425957"
   ],
   "order": 553,
   "text": "Permettez-moi de rappeler que, pendant le covid, nous avons su adapter très rapidement les chaînes de production, afin de leur donner d’autres usages. Chez moi, dans l’industrie cosmétique, on a su fabriquer du gel hydroalcoolique en quelques mois. Nous savons le faire, c’est possible. Trois ans est un délai raisonnable et j’espère que vous accepterez ce nouveau compromis. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 553,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425957",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "Ndc6d480cb3cf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi de rappeler que, pendant le covid, nous avons su adapter très rapidement les chaînes de production, afin de leur donner d’autres usages. Chez moi, dans l’industrie cosmétique, on a su fabriquer du gel hydroalcoolique en quelques mois. Nous savons le faire, c’est possible. Trois ans est un délai raisonnable et j’espère que vous accepterez ce nouveau compromis. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425959",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425959"
   ],
   "order": 555,
   "text": "Je vais essayer de répondre méthodiquement à ces nombreuses propositions. Je suis opposé à une suppression totale de l’alinéa 5. Il existe des ustensiles de cuisine alternatifs, sans polluants éternels.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 555,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425959",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N095f0dc516e5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais essayer de répondre méthodiquement à ces nombreuses propositions. Je suis opposé à une suppression totale de l’alinéa 5. Il existe des ustensiles de cuisine alternatifs, sans polluants éternels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425961",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425961"
   ],
   "order": 557,
   "text": "Ils sont déjà commercialisés par les marques que nous avons citées. Je pense, par exemple, aux ustensiles en inox. L’Agence européenne des produits chimiques a pris soin d’identifier les produits pour lesquels il est possible de se passer des polluants éternels immédiatement, sans dérogation. Les ustensiles de cuisine en font partie.Ma proposition de loi ne fait que s’aligner sur les recommandations de cette agence et sur le rapport de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille.Ensuite, je dois répondre à un autre argument : celui de l’emploi. Rappelons le contexte actuel. Nous parlons du scandale sanitaire des polluants éternels qui a éclaté aux États-Unis il y a vingt-cinq ans. Des industries y sont traînées devant les tribunaux et payent des dizaines de milliards pour éviter des procès.En Europe, cinq pays ont saisi l’Agence européenne pour interdire largement les Pfas. Les consommateurs sont de plus en plus sensibilisés et vigilants quant à la présence de Pfas dans les produits. Dans ce contexte, un industriel annonce qu’il mise son avenir sur les polluants éternels.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 557,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425961",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 168,
   "annotation_id": "Nc84022505fa0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ils sont déjà commercialisés par les marques que nous avons citées. Je pense, par exemple, aux ustensiles en inox. L’Agence européenne des produits chimiques a pris soin d’identifier les produits pour lesquels il est possible de se passer des polluants éternels immédiatement, sans dérogation. Les ustensiles de cuisine en font partie.Ma proposition de loi ne fait que s’aligner sur les recommandations de cette agence et sur le rapport de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille.Ensuite, je dois répondre à un autre argument : celui de l’emploi. Rappelons le contexte actuel. Nous parlons du scandale sanitaire des polluants éternels qui a éclaté aux États-Unis il y a vingt-cinq ans. Des industries y sont traînées devant les tribunaux et payent des dizaines de milliards pour éviter des procès.En Europe, cinq pays ont saisi l’Agence européenne pour interdire largement les Pfas. Les consommateurs sont de plus en plus sensibilisés et vigilants quant à la présence de Pfas dans les produits. Dans ce contexte, un industriel annonce qu’il mise son avenir sur les polluants éternels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425966",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425966"
   ],
   "order": 562,
   "text": "Ce qui menace l’emploi, ce n’est pas une réglementation visant à protéger la santé publique mais le manque d’anticipation de la sortie du Téflon. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) Vous pourrez le vérifier : la sortie totale du Téflon était annoncée dès le début des années 2010 par certaines des marques que nous avons évoquées mais, faute de réglementation, les industriels ont laissé traîner. (Mme Véronique Riotton s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 562,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425966",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N22b7a5cc86ae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qui menace l’emploi, ce n’est pas une réglementation visant à protéger la santé publique mais le manque d’anticipation de la sortie du Téflon. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) Vous pourrez le vérifier : la sortie totale du Téflon était annoncée dès le début des années 2010 par certaines des marques que nous avons évoquées mais, faute de réglementation, les industriels ont laissé traîner. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425968",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 564,
   "text": "Et aujourd’hui, on voudrait demander encore des délais pour gagner une dizaine d’années. Je le répète, ce qui pose problème pour l’emploi, c’est un flagrant délit de manque d’anticipation et non pas une norme supplémentaire de santé publique. Je m’oppose donc à la suppression de la mention des ustensiles de cuisine dans le texte.Cependant, une démarche de compromis est proposée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 564,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425968",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N03b0a54ff025",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Et aujourd’hui, on voudrait demander encore des délais pour gagner une dizaine d’années. Je le répète, ce qui pose problème pour l’emploi, c’est un flagrant délit de manque d’anticipation et non pas une norme supplémentaire de santé publique. Je m’oppose donc à la suppression de la mention des ustensiles de cuisine dans le texte.Cependant, une démarche de compromis est proposée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425971",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425971"
   ],
   "order": 567,
   "text": "Tel a été mon état d’esprit tout au long des débats en commission. Je vais être très clair sur mes avis. (M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille s’exclame.) Laissez-moi donc m’expliquer. Mon collègue Fournier a proposé une solution de compromis pour porter l’échéance à 2027. Je donne un avis favorable à ce sous-amendement, car ce délai me semble raisonnable. Néanmoins, je comprends aussi votre démarche, qui consiste, non pas à revenir sur l’interdiction des ustensiles de cuisine contenant du Pfas mais à la reporter à l’horizon 2030. Je m’en remets à la sagesse de l’assemblée pour cette proposition de la majorité.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 567,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425971",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 98,
   "annotation_id": "Ne8de10ce8074",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tel a été mon état d’esprit tout au long des débats en commission. Je vais être très clair sur mes avis. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Laissez-moi donc m’expliquer. Mon collègue Fournier a proposé une solution de compromis pour porter l’échéance à 2027. Je donne un avis favorable à ce sous-amendement, car ce délai me semble raisonnable. Néanmoins, je comprends aussi votre démarche, qui consiste, non pas à revenir sur l’interdiction des ustensiles de cuisine contenant du Pfas mais à la reporter à l’horizon 2030. Je m’en remets à la sagesse de l’assemblée pour cette proposition de la majorité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425974",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425974"
   ],
   "order": 570,
   "text": "Nous sommes au cœur de ce qui nous oppose, à la fois dans la démarche et dans l’analyse. M. le rapporteur a parlé de l’entreprise que nous évoquons tous sans oser prononcer son nom, comme dans Harry Potter : Seb, connue de tous les Français, dont les produits sont appréciés dans notre pays et dans le monde entier. Cette entreprise contribue positivement à la balance commerciale mais aussi à une économie plus durable, en proposant par exemple aux consommateurs de rapporter les produits pour les recycler. C’est une entreprise exemplaire du point de vue environnemental – même pour ce qui concerne les Pfas.Selon M. le rapporteur, les industriels auraient, en quelque sorte, dormi au gaz en attendant que la réglementation européenne les force à sortir des Pfas. Veuillez m’écouter, s’il vous plaît.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 570,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425974",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "Nc9a25226343b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes au cœur de ce qui nous oppose, à la fois dans la démarche et dans l’analyse. M. le rapporteur a parlé de l’entreprise que nous évoquons tous sans oser prononcer son nom, comme dans Harry Potter : Seb, connue de tous les Français, dont les produits sont appréciés dans notre pays et dans le monde entier. Cette entreprise contribue positivement à la balance commerciale mais aussi à une économie plus durable, en proposant par exemple aux consommateurs de rapporter les produits pour les recycler. C’est une entreprise exemplaire du point de vue environnemental – même pour ce qui concerne les Pfas.Selon M. le rapporteur, les industriels auraient, en quelque sorte, dormi au gaz en attendant que la réglementation européenne les force à sortir des Pfas. Veuillez m’écouter, s’il vous plaît."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425977",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425977"
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   "order": 573,
   "text": "Seb a cessé d’utiliser du PFOA en 2012. Le PFOA permettait de coller le revêtement antiadhésif aux poêles Seb. La réglementation européenne l’a interdit en 2020. Il est donc malheureux de pointer du doigt l’une des entreprises les plus exemplaires. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 573,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425977",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "N7142a4262b81",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Seb a cessé d’utiliser du PFOA en 2012. Le PFOA permettait de coller le revêtement antiadhésif aux poêles Seb. La réglementation européenne l’a interdit en 2020. Il est donc malheureux de pointer du doigt l’une des entreprises les plus exemplaires. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425981",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425981"
   ],
   "order": 577,
   "text": "Je ne suis pas l’avocat des industriels. Je le répète une dernière fois, personne, sur ces bancs ou au Gouvernement, ne souhaite sacrifier la santé des Françaises et des Français à l’emploi. Personne ! Arrêtons les jugements pseudo-moraux qui opposent les méchants industriels polluants aux gentils sanitaires anti-européens. J’en ai marre d’entendre ça ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 577,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425981",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N5ecb5aa45f58",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis pas l’avocat des industriels. Je le répète une dernière fois, personne, sur ces bancs ou au Gouvernement, ne souhaite sacrifier la santé des Françaises et des Français à l’emploi. Personne ! Arrêtons les jugements pseudo-moraux qui opposent les méchants industriels polluants aux gentils sanitaires anti-européens. J’en ai marre d’entendre ça ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425983",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425983"
   ],
   "order": 579,
   "text": "Par ailleurs, nous nous opposons sur la méthode. Si nous retrouvons le calme, madame la présidente, je pourrai peut-être expliquer en quoi ces amendements le montrent.Depuis plus de dix ans, le PTFE remplace le PFOA dans les poêles Tefal. Il sera vraisemblablement considéré comme étant un Pfas non dangereux. Je crois à la science et je m’en remets à l’avis des autorités européennes. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Aujourd’hui, en tout cas, tout le monde admet qu’il est bien moins dangereux que les autres. Pourtant, au fil des amendements, nous débattons de son interdiction en 2026, 2027 ou 2030, alors que, d’ici 2027, vous aurez l’avis de l’Autorité européenne.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 579,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425983",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 111,
   "annotation_id": "N4c4ce1664bd0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Par ailleurs, nous nous opposons sur la méthode. Si nous retrouvons le calme, madame la présidente, je pourrai peut-être expliquer en quoi ces amendements le montrent.Depuis plus de dix ans, le PTFE remplace le PFOA dans les poêles Tefal. Il sera vraisemblablement considéré comme étant un Pfas non dangereux. Je crois à la science et je m’en remets à l’avis des autorités européennes. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RE.) Aujourd’hui, en tout cas, tout le monde admet qu’il est bien moins dangereux que les autres. Pourtant, au fil des amendements, nous débattons de son interdiction en 2026, 2027 ou 2030, alors que, d’ici 2027, vous aurez l’avis de l’Autorité européenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425985",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3425985"
   ],
   "order": 582,
   "text": "Cet avis, qui est rendu par une instance indépendante, permettra de prendre des décisions éclairées. Je suis, bien évidemment, favorable aux amendements de suppression et j’inviterai à retirer les amendements qui visent à reporter l’interdiction aux calendes grecques car il serait incohérent de prendre une telle décision alors que, d’ici là, nous aurons obtenu un avis qui nous conduira soit à autoriser ces produits soit à les interdire !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 582,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3425985",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "Nf611d45c18c1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet avis, qui est rendu par une instance indépendante, permettra de prendre des décisions éclairées. Je suis, bien évidemment, favorable aux amendements de suppression et j’inviterai à retirer les amendements qui visent à reporter l’interdiction aux calendes grecques car il serait incohérent de prendre une telle décision alors que, d’ici là, nous aurons obtenu un avis qui nous conduira soit à autoriser ces produits soit à les interdire !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426587",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 590,
   "text": "Je souhaite revenir sur l’un des sujets qui bloque nos débats depuis le début, celui des ustensiles de cuisine au sens large – pas uniquement les poêles. Le rapporteur nous a proposé une solution de compromis qui nous semble acceptable.Nous ne sommes ni les amis, ni les ennemis, de l’industrie mais je voudrais vous citer l’exemple de l’usine Daikin qui vient d’inventer un nouveau Pfas, le bisphénol A fluoré, comme le révèle l’enquête de France 3 Rhône-Alpes. Alors que nous discutons, de nouveaux Pfas arrivent sur le marché !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 590,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426587",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "Na05602d51416",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite revenir sur l’un des sujets qui bloque nos débats depuis le début, celui des ustensiles de cuisine au sens large – pas uniquement les poêles. Le rapporteur nous a proposé une solution de compromis qui nous semble acceptable.Nous ne sommes ni les amis, ni les ennemis, de l’industrie mais je voudrais vous citer l’exemple de l’usine Daikin qui vient d’inventer un nouveau Pfas, le bisphénol A fluoré, comme le révèle l’enquête de France 3 Rhône-Alpes. Alors que nous discutons, de nouveaux Pfas arrivent sur le marché !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
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   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426590",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426590"
   ],
   "order": 593,
   "text": "C’est pourquoi il faut légiférer, et vite. Le délai de trois ans que nous proposons est raisonnable. Il permet de modifier les chaînes de production et l’organisation industrielle sans supprimer d’emplois.Il est temps d’agir. Je vous invite à voter notre sous-amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 593,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426590",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N61fe58ca769f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est pourquoi il faut légiférer, et vite. Le délai de trois ans que nous proposons est raisonnable. Il permet de modifier les chaînes de production et l’organisation industrielle sans supprimer d’emplois.Il est temps d’agir. Je vous invite à voter notre sous-amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426598",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426598"
   ],
   "order": 601,
   "text": "Nous avions proposé un amendement de compromis.Mais le rapporteur a réservé un traitement inégal aux propositions en rendant un avis favorable au sous-amendement de son collègue Fournier qui visait à reporter l’interdiction à 2027.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 601,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426598",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd2fd4104ff3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avions proposé un amendement de compromis.Mais le rapporteur a réservé un traitement inégal aux propositions en rendant un avis favorable au sous-amendement de son collègue Fournier qui visait à reporter l’interdiction à 2027."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426605",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426605"
   ],
   "order": 608,
   "text": "Ce vote est important. S’il avait rendu un avis favorable aux deux, la situation aurait été différente. Nous vous avions tendu la main (M. Charles Fournier et Mme Marie Pochon font « non » de la tête) et nous souhaitions un compromis. Vous ne nous tendez pas la main si vous proposez 2027 !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 608,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426605",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "Ne6f0cc2a3ead",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce vote est important. S’il avait rendu un avis favorable aux deux, la situation aurait été différente. Nous vous avions tendu la main (M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] font « non » de la tête) et nous souhaitions un compromis. Vous ne nous tendez pas la main si vous proposez 2027 !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426956",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426956"
   ],
   "order": 621,
   "text": "Il relève du bon sens : les vêtements de protection destinés aux professionnels de la sécurité et de la sécurité civile doivent pouvoir déroger à l’interdiction des textiles d’habillement. (Brouhaha.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "93",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 621,
   "amendments": [
    "93"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426956",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N7d8cce16ac1e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il relève du bon sens : les vêtements de protection destinés aux professionnels de la sécurité et de la sécurité civile doivent pouvoir déroger à l’interdiction des textiles d’habillement. (Brouhaha.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426960",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426960"
   ],
   "order": 625,
   "text": "Il s’agit du même amendement : il vise à préciser que les textiles d’habillement bénéficiant d’une dérogation à l’interdiction prévue par le texte sont destinés à l’habillement des professionnels travaillant dans le domaine de la protection des personnes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "101",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 625,
   "amendments": [
    "101"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426960",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N195b0cb5a5f0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit du même amendement : il vise à préciser que les textiles d’habillement bénéficiant d’une dérogation à l’interdiction prévue par le texte sont destinés à l’habillement des professionnels travaillant dans le domaine de la protection des personnes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426962",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426962"
   ],
   "order": 627,
   "text": "C’est l’occasion pour moi d’évoquer les pompiers, qui manipulent des Pfas tous les jours. Pour éteindre des feux d’hydrocarbures ou de voitures, les pompiers ont besoin d’émulsifiants. Or ces émulsifiants sont des Pfas – c’est dire leur intérêt dans certaines situations. Aussi les pompiers doivent-ils porter des vêtements pour s’en protéger ; d’où cet amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "108",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 627,
   "amendments": [
    "108"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426962",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N6eb28b3e1a3a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est l’occasion pour moi d’évoquer les pompiers, qui manipulent des Pfas tous les jours. Pour éteindre des feux d’hydrocarbures ou de voitures, les pompiers ont besoin d’émulsifiants. Or ces émulsifiants sont des Pfas – c’est dire leur intérêt dans certaines situations. Aussi les pompiers doivent-ils porter des vêtements pour s’en protéger ; d’où cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426965",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426965"
   ],
   "order": 630,
   "text": "Vous proposez de préciser le périmètre des dérogations à l’interdiction, afin d’y inclure tous les textiles d’habillement conçus pour la protection des personnes. Cela me paraît pertinent et va dans le sens du texte ; j’émets donc un avis favorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 630,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426965",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "Nf1be90fb1d76",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous proposez de préciser le périmètre des dérogations à l’interdiction, afin d’y inclure tous les textiles d’habillement conçus pour la protection des personnes. Cela me paraît pertinent et va dans le sens du texte ; j’émets donc un avis favorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794008",
   "speaker": "Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "quality": "Mme Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426970",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426970"
   ],
   "order": 635,
   "text": "Je suivrai l’avis du rapporteur, mais je voudrais revenir sur le vote qui vient d’avoir lieu et qui a abouti à supprimer l’interdiction des Pfas dans les ustensiles de cuisine ; il n’est pas anodin. Nous avons tous grandi en suivant cette consigne : « Attention à ne pas gratter la poêle avec la fourchette ! », consigne qui s’expliquait par la présence de PFOA dans les poêles – aujourd’hui elles contiennent du PTFE. Or que retrouve-t-on, aujourd’hui encore, dans les rejets de l’usine Tefal de Rumilly ? Du PFOA. Ce que vous qualifiez de « sûr » ne l’est pas ! Aucun consensus scientifique ne soutient une telle affirmation. Par ce vote, vous venez de faire gagner encore un peu plus de temps à une industrie, au détriment de la santé des Français ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.) C’est vous qui établissez une hiérarchie, en mettant l’industrie au-dessus de la santé !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 635,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426970",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 158,
   "annotation_id": "N4e0f604badd2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suivrai l’avis du rapporteur, mais je voudrais revenir sur le vote qui vient d’avoir lieu et qui a abouti à supprimer l’interdiction des Pfas dans les ustensiles de cuisine ; il n’est pas anodin. Nous avons tous grandi en suivant cette consigne : « Attention à ne pas gratter la poêle avec la fourchette ! », consigne qui s’expliquait par la présence de PFOA dans les poêles – aujourd’hui elles contiennent du PTFE. Or que retrouve-t-on, aujourd’hui encore, dans les rejets de l’usine Tefal de Rumilly ? Du PFOA. Ce que vous qualifiez de « sûr » ne l’est pas ! Aucun consensus scientifique ne soutient une telle affirmation. Par ce vote, vous venez de faire gagner encore un peu plus de temps à une industrie, au détriment de la santé des Français ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) C’est vous qui établissez une hiérarchie, en mettant l’industrie au-dessus de la santé !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794008",
   "speaker": "Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "quality": "Mme Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426972",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426972"
   ],
   "order": 637,
   "text": "Les seuls qui garantissent l’industrie et la santé, ce sont les députés écologistes et les députés de gauche, voilà la vérité ! Nous avions négocié un compromis : au départ, l’interdiction devait intervenir en 2025 ; puis nous sommes convenus de la reporter à 2027 ; puis 2028 ; et le rapporteur a finalement émis un avis de sagesse sur l’amendement retardant l’échéance à 2030. Nous avons construit un compromis pas à pas, afin de fixer un horizon : vous l’avez refusé ! (Mmes Marie Pochon et Raquel Garrido applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 637,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426972",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "Nf7b79c18e401",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les seuls qui garantissent l’industrie et la santé, ce sont les députés écologistes et les députés de gauche, voilà la vérité ! Nous avions négocié un compromis : au départ, l’interdiction devait intervenir en 2025 ; puis nous sommes convenus de la reporter à 2027 ; puis 2028 ; et le rapporteur a finalement émis un avis de sagesse sur l’amendement retardant l’échéance à 2030. Nous avons construit un compromis pas à pas, afin de fixer un horizon : vous l’avez refusé ! (Mmes [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794008",
   "speaker": "Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "quality": "Mme Cyrielle Chatelain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426975",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426975"
   ],
   "order": 640,
   "text": "L’avis favorable du rapporteur émis à l’instant démontre, de nouveau, notre capacité à trouver des compromis. La suppression de l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er est pour nous un échec. J’espère que nous pourrons au moins maintenir dans le texte les cosmétiques et les farts parmi les produits contenant des Pfas visés par l’interdiction. Nous devons impérativement protéger la santé des Français ; c’est la seule chose qui doit, constamment, nous guider ! N’opposons pas la santé et l’économie, cela n’a pas lieu d’être. Nous croyons fermement qu’en engageant une transition écologique et énergétique, nous parviendrons à concilier l’un et l’autre et que nous en serons fiers ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et GDR-NUPES, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 640,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426975",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "N16cd670ba45c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis favorable du rapporteur émis à l’instant démontre, de nouveau, notre capacité à trouver des compromis. La suppression de l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er est pour nous un échec. J’espère que nous pourrons au moins maintenir dans le texte les cosmétiques et les farts parmi les produits contenant des Pfas visés par l’interdiction. Nous devons impérativement protéger la santé des Français ; c’est la seule chose qui doit, constamment, nous guider ! N’opposons pas la santé et l’économie, cela n’a pas lieu d’être. Nous croyons fermement qu’en engageant une transition écologique et énergétique, nous parviendrons à concilier l’un et l’autre et que nous en serons fiers ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426979",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426979"
   ],
   "order": 644,
   "text": "Lors des négociations qui se sont tenues hier encore, vous ne vouliez pas du sous-amendement repoussant l’interdiction à 2030 ! Disons les choses devant la nation ! Que le rapporteur donne un avis asymétrique en préférant une interdiction à partir de 2027…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 644,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426979",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nd729e70e9de0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Lors des négociations qui se sont tenues hier encore, vous ne vouliez pas du sous-amendement repoussant l’interdiction à 2030 ! Disons les choses devant la nation ! Que le rapporteur donne un avis asymétrique en préférant une interdiction à partir de 2027…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426981",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426981"
   ],
   "order": 646,
   "text": "…à un amendement de compromis repoussant l’échéance à 2030, on peut le regretter. (Mêmes mouvements.) On peut en revanche s’accorder sur un point : l’article 1er prévoyant l’interdiction des Pfas que je préconisais dans mon rapport de janvier 2024 sera sans doute adopté ; il concernera les farts, les cosmétiques et les textiles, à condition que les amendements actuellement en discussion soient adoptés. Nous aurons alors fait un pas dans la bonne direction.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 646,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426981",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N43332fe10669",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…à un amendement de compromis repoussant l’échéance à 2030, on peut le regretter. (Mêmes mouvements.) On peut en revanche s’accorder sur un point : l’article 1er prévoyant l’interdiction des Pfas que je préconisais dans mon rapport de janvier 2024 sera sans doute adopté ; il concernera les farts, les cosmétiques et les textiles, à condition que les amendements actuellement en discussion soient adoptés. Nous aurons alors fait un pas dans la bonne direction."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426990",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426990"
   ],
   "order": 656,
   "text": "Pardonnez-moi, madame la députée, mais si l’on pouvait éviter les noms d’oiseaux et les caricatures… (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – Brouhaha.) Puis-je expliquer la raison pour laquelle, dans le cas d’espèce, vous apportez la preuve flagrante que votre approche à sens unique est contre-productive, ou vais-je me faire insulter à chaque fois ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.) Vous avez le choix : soit vous me traitez de tous les noms à chacune de mes interventions, mais j’utiliserai tout de même mon temps de parole ; soit j’essaie de vous montrer de manière raisonnable, en conservant le ton qui a été le mien jusqu’à présent, en quoi plusieurs dispositions du présent texte sont inopérantes.Vous vous dites prêts, dans votre grande sagesse, à attendre 2030. D’ici là, grâce à l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques, à laquelle je souhaite me référer, nous connaîtrons la vérité ! D’ici à 2027, elle nous aura peut-être avertis des dangers de certains produits.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 656,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426990",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 174,
   "annotation_id": "N4ea4a1860cef",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pardonnez-moi, madame la députée, mais si l’on pouvait éviter les noms d’oiseaux et les caricatures… (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – Brouhaha.) Puis-je expliquer la raison pour laquelle, dans le cas d’espèce, vous apportez la preuve flagrante que votre approche à sens unique est contre-productive, ou vais-je me faire insulter à chaque fois ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].) Vous avez le choix : soit vous me traitez de tous les noms à chacune de mes interventions, mais j’utiliserai tout de même mon temps de parole ; soit j’essaie de vous montrer de manière raisonnable, en conservant le ton qui a été le mien jusqu’à présent, en quoi plusieurs dispositions du présent texte sont inopérantes.Vous vous dites prêts, dans votre grande sagesse, à attendre 2030. D’ici là, grâce à l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques, à laquelle je souhaite me référer, nous connaîtrons la vérité ! D’ici à 2027, elle nous aura peut-être avertis des dangers de certains produits."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426997",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3426997"
   ],
   "order": 663,
   "text": "Il ne s’agit pas du principe de précaution en l’occurrence, puisque vous dites « Ceinture, bretelles et airbags » alors même que nous ne sommes pas encore en route !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 663,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3426997",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N520263a61427",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne s’agit pas du principe de précaution en l’occurrence, puisque vous dites « Ceinture, bretelles et airbags » alors même que nous ne sommes pas encore en route !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427001",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427001"
   ],
   "order": 667,
   "text": "Entre-temps, la production aura évidemment été exportée ailleurs. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.) Nous ne pourrons plus les produire, mais nous aurons toujours des poêles au revêtement antiadhésif ! Celles-ci ne seront toujours pas dangereuses… elles auront seulement – et c’est la seule différence – été fabriquées hors de France.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 667,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427001",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N419218cf2aa8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Entre-temps, la production aura évidemment été exportée ailleurs. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].) Nous ne pourrons plus les produire, mais nous aurons toujours des poêles au revêtement antiadhésif ! Celles-ci ne seront toujours pas dangereuses… elles auront seulement – et c’est la seule différence – été fabriquées hors de France."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427006",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427006"
   ],
   "order": 672,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, je propose de supprimer l’alinéa 9 de l’article 1er qui vise à interdire, à compter du 1er janvier 2030, la fabrication, l’importation et l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit de tout produit textile contenant des polluants éternels, et ce pour les mêmes raisons que celles évoquées précédemment : cette interdiction est trop rapide, elle menace notre industrie.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "54",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 672,
   "amendments": [
    "54"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427006",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N7f23ea146431",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, je propose de supprimer l’alinéa 9 de l’article 1er qui vise à interdire, à compter du 1er janvier 2030, la fabrication, l’importation et l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit de tout produit textile contenant des polluants éternels, et ce pour les mêmes raisons que celles évoquées précédemment : cette interdiction est trop rapide, elle menace notre industrie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427017",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427017"
   ],
   "order": 683,
   "text": "…et nous envoyons ainsi un message intéressant à nos voisins. En revanche, si l’Union européenne venait à prendre des mesures légèrement différentes, il faudrait se coordonner. Tel est l’objet de cet amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "111",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 683,
   "amendments": [
    "111"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427017",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N36a9909a2e5f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…et nous envoyons ainsi un message intéressant à nos voisins. En revanche, si l’Union européenne venait à prendre des mesures légèrement différentes, il faudrait se coordonner. Tel est l’objet de cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427019",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427019"
   ],
   "order": 685,
   "text": "Votre amendement tend à faire primer un éventuel cadre européen qui réglementerait l’usage des Pfas dans les produits textiles. Je m’y oppose pour une bonne et simple raison : le présent texte va plus loin et assurément plus vite. Il n’est pas non plus inutile de rappeler que les règlements européens s’appliquent de plein droit. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 685,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427019",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "Nb64667dbcd5c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement tend à faire primer un éventuel cadre européen qui réglementerait l’usage des Pfas dans les produits textiles. Je m’y oppose pour une bonne et simple raison : le présent texte va plus loin et assurément plus vite. Il n’est pas non plus inutile de rappeler que les règlements européens s’appliquent de plein droit. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427021",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427021"
   ],
   "order": 687,
   "text": "J’ai entendu M. Jumel, pour ne pas le citer, dire que nous avions délocalisé toute l’industrie textile. Nous sommes justement en train de la relocaliser ! (« Oh… » et exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – Sourires sur les bancs du groupe GDR-NUPES.) Eh oui ! L’entreprise Petit Bateau augmente ses lignes de production à Troyes, dans l’Aube ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. Cyrille Isaac Sibille applaudit également.) Des start-up très performantes se relocalisent en France. On a l’espoir de refaire du textile made in France, y compris du textile technique, du textile recyclé, y compris… (Exclamations prolongées sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – Brouhaha.)Je suis désolé, madame la présidente, mais il est difficile de poursuivre dans ces conditions. Hurlez tant que vous voulez !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 687,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427021",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 133,
   "annotation_id": "N1421de0ac7fc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai entendu M. Jumel, pour ne pas le citer, dire que nous avions délocalisé toute l’industrie textile. Nous sommes justement en train de la relocaliser ! (« Oh… » et exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Sourires sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].) Eh oui ! L’entreprise Petit Bateau augmente ses lignes de production à Troyes, dans l’Aube ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. Cyrille Isaac Sibille applaudit également.) Des start-up très performantes se relocalisent en France. On a l’espoir de refaire du textile made in France, y compris du textile technique, du textile recyclé, y compris… (Exclamations prolongées sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Brouhaha.)Je suis désolé, madame la présidente, mais il est difficile de poursuivre dans ces conditions. Hurlez tant que vous voulez !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427024",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427024"
   ],
   "order": 690,
   "text": "La France comptait en 2023 une vingtaine d’usines de plus qu’en 2022. Vous pouvez brailler et hurler, c’est la réalité. J’expose des faits : oui, nous créons des entreprises qui fabriquent des textiles techniques, des textiles sportifs, des chaussures de sport, des tee-shirts et des shorts de running qui sont compétitifs. On peut considérer que cela importe peu, et continuer à importer des tee-shirts fabriqués ailleurs parce qu’on ne peut pas le faire sur notre sol, ou alors – et c’est la raison pour laquelle je suis favorable à l’amendement – on peut reconnaître qu’on est allé un peu trop loin en votant des lois qui vont au-delà de la réglementation européenne pourtant fondée sur les analyses d’une agence indépendante et qu’il faut donc se conformer à la réglementation européenne ! (Mme Sandra Marsaud et M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 690,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427024",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "Ndaf63352355c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La France comptait en 2023 une vingtaine d’usines de plus qu’en 2022. Vous pouvez brailler et hurler, c’est la réalité. J’expose des faits : oui, nous créons des entreprises qui fabriquent des textiles techniques, des textiles sportifs, des chaussures de sport, des tee-shirts et des shorts de running qui sont compétitifs. On peut considérer que cela importe peu, et continuer à importer des tee-shirts fabriqués ailleurs parce qu’on ne peut pas le faire sur notre sol, ou alors – et c’est la raison pour laquelle je suis favorable à l’amendement – on peut reconnaître qu’on est allé un peu trop loin en votant des lois qui vont au-delà de la réglementation européenne pourtant fondée sur les analyses d’une agence indépendante et qu’il faut donc se conformer à la réglementation européenne ! (Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427026",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427026"
   ],
   "order": 692,
   "text": "Je ne comprends pas comment des partis, des mouvements ou des groupes qui se prétendent pro-européens peuvent en arriver à penser qu’ils connaissent mieux la situation que tous les autres, et qu’ils peuvent donc conserver leur législation visiblement inadaptée en dépit de l’adoption d’une nouvelle réglementation européenne…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 692,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427026",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "Ne184feb8ae72",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne comprends pas comment des partis, des mouvements ou des groupes qui se prétendent pro-européens peuvent en arriver à penser qu’ils connaissent mieux la situation que tous les autres, et qu’ils peuvent donc conserver leur législation visiblement inadaptée en dépit de l’adoption d’une nouvelle réglementation européenne…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427028",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427028"
   ],
   "order": 694,
   "text": "« C’est pas grave, on garde notre truc ! L’Europe ? On s’en moque ! » : je trouve ça franchement décevant de la part de partis qui se prétendent pro-européens. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 694,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427028",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N1ac0867967e5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "« C’est pas grave, on garde notre truc ! L’Europe ? On s’en moque ! » : je trouve ça franchement décevant de la part de partis qui se prétendent pro-européens. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427030",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427030"
   ],
   "order": 697,
   "text": "Appliquons les directives européennes et cessons de les surtransposer, cela n’a que trop duré : depuis des années, nos industriels et nos agriculteurs en meurent. Libre à vous de continuer !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 697,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427030",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N9b60a43ee34c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Appliquons les directives européennes et cessons de les surtransposer, cela n’a que trop duré : depuis des années, nos industriels et nos agriculteurs en meurent. Libre à vous de continuer !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427055",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427055"
   ],
   "order": 701,
   "text": "…lorsqu’elles ne sont pas bonnes – et cela arrive régulièrement. De fait, on constate, depuis peu, la constitution, au niveau européen, d’une sorte d’alliance contre les mesures écologiques. Ce n’est pas parce que nous nous opposons aux décisions qui ne vont pas dans le bon sens que nous sommes anti-européens : nous sommes des Européens convaincus qui se battent pour que l’on adopte de bonnes mesures.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 701,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427055",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N7c4695c6d4d4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…lorsqu’elles ne sont pas bonnes – et cela arrive régulièrement. De fait, on constate, depuis peu, la constitution, au niveau européen, d’une sorte d’alliance contre les mesures écologiques. Ce n’est pas parce que nous nous opposons aux décisions qui ne vont pas dans le bon sens que nous sommes anti-européens : nous sommes des Européens convaincus qui se battent pour que l’on adopte de bonnes mesures."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427057",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427057"
   ],
   "order": 703,
   "text": "En l’espèce, nous voulons des règles plus exigeantes. La révision du règlement Reach a été reportée : à chaque fois que des avancées écologiques sont proposées, l’ensemble de la droite s’unit pour s’y opposer.Vous porterez la responsabilité de cette absence de décision, à l’échelle européenne comme à l’échelle nationale ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 703,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427057",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "Nb404e418ba2c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En l’espèce, nous voulons des règles plus exigeantes. La révision du règlement Reach a été reportée : à chaque fois que des avancées écologiques sont proposées, l’ensemble de la droite s’unit pour s’y opposer.Vous porterez la responsabilité de cette absence de décision, à l’échelle européenne comme à l’échelle nationale ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721314",
   "speaker": "Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "quality": "M. Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427060",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427060"
   ],
   "order": 706,
   "text": "On verse dans la caricature à force de vouloir construire des clivages là où il n’y en a pas. Tout le monde veut protéger la santé (« Non ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES) et prolonger l’espérance de vie, à commencer par l’industrie, qui est à l’origine de nombreux progrès.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 706,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427060",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "Ne83b6dabeffc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On verse dans la caricature à force de vouloir construire des clivages là où il n’y en a pas. Tout le monde veut protéger la santé (« Non ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et prolonger l’espérance de vie, à commencer par l’industrie, qui est à l’origine de nombreux progrès."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721314",
   "speaker": "Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "quality": "M. Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427062",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427062"
   ],
   "order": 708,
   "text": "Le confort dans lequel nous vivons et l’amélioration de notre santé, nous les devons à notre capacité de produire à grande échelle des solutions aux problèmes environnementaux et sanitaires. L’accroissement du confort quotidien de nos concitoyens contribue lui-même à améliorer leur santé.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 708,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427062",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nda776d5ebd50",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le confort dans lequel nous vivons et l’amélioration de notre santé, nous les devons à notre capacité de produire à grande échelle des solutions aux problèmes environnementaux et sanitaires. L’accroissement du confort quotidien de nos concitoyens contribue lui-même à améliorer leur santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721314",
   "speaker": "Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "quality": "M. Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427066",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427066"
   ],
   "order": 712,
   "text": "…et, in fine, on délocalise la pollution dans des pays qui n’ont pas, comme nous, les moyens de la réduire et d’innover. Des mesures telles que celles que vous proposez ont ainsi coûté, il y a quelques semaines, soixante-dix emplois dans ma circonscription. De fait, si l’on ne produit plus en France, on le fera à l’autre bout de la planète. La production ne s’arrête pas ; elle se fait ailleurs.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 712,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427066",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 71,
   "annotation_id": "Ncfbb3319a8ef",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et, in fine, on délocalise la pollution dans des pays qui n’ont pas, comme nous, les moyens de la réduire et d’innover. Des mesures telles que celles que vous proposez ont ainsi coûté, il y a quelques semaines, soixante-dix emplois dans ma circonscription. De fait, si l’on ne produit plus en France, on le fera à l’autre bout de la planète. La production ne s’arrête pas ; elle se fait ailleurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721314",
   "speaker": "Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "quality": "M. Raphaël Schellenberger",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427071",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427071"
   ],
   "order": 717,
   "text": "…et non s’apparenter à des peurs dont on espère, à quelques semaines des élections, qu’elles mobiliseront les électeurs. La peur, en politique, a toujours conduit à des catastrophes démocratiques ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 717,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427071",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N4e0f441a035a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et non s’apparenter à des peurs dont on espère, à quelques semaines des élections, qu’elles mobiliseront les électeurs. La peur, en politique, a toujours conduit à des catastrophes démocratiques ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427077",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427077"
   ],
   "order": 724,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, nous proposons d’autoriser, dans certaines conditions, fixées par décret, des dérogations aux interdictions prévues à l’article 1er. Nous l’avions déposé notamment pour le cas où l’alinéa 5 aurait été maintenu, mais il conserve sa pertinence.L’alinéa 8, par exemple, ne prévoit pas d’exception pour les vêtements de protection portés par des professionnels autres que ceux exerçant dans les secteurs de la sécurité ou de la sécurité civile. Or des vêtements utilisés dans l’industrie ou le secteur du bâtiment et travaux publics (BTP) peuvent contenir des Pfas. Il convient donc de laisser le temps à ces filières de trouver une alternative qui ne mette pas en danger le personnel.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "38",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 724,
   "amendments": [
    "38"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427077",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 110,
   "annotation_id": "N751b51facc08",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, nous proposons d’autoriser, dans certaines conditions, fixées par décret, des dérogations aux interdictions prévues à l’article 1er. Nous l’avions déposé notamment pour le cas où l’alinéa 5 aurait été maintenu, mais il conserve sa pertinence.L’alinéa 8, par exemple, ne prévoit pas d’exception pour les vêtements de protection portés par des professionnels autres que ceux exerçant dans les secteurs de la sécurité ou de la sécurité civile. Or des vêtements utilisés dans l’industrie ou le secteur du bâtiment et travaux publics (BTP) peuvent contenir des Pfas. Il convient donc de laisser le temps à ces filières de trouver une alternative qui ne mette pas en danger le personnel."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722202",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Jumel",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Jumel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427085",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427085"
   ],
   "order": 732,
   "text": "J’écoute attentivement nos débats, et je dois dire qu’il y a tout de même un truc insupportable à entendre pour un élu qui a grandi et vit encore dans un bassin industriel.Vous avez laissé notre industrie se faire laminer, pendant des années, à force de renoncements et d’abandons de souveraineté qui ont provoqué des drames humains et des saignées dans nos territoires.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 732,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427085",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N69560ea6b539",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’écoute attentivement nos débats, et je dois dire qu’il y a tout de même un truc insupportable à entendre pour un élu qui a grandi et vit encore dans un bassin industriel.Vous avez laissé notre industrie se faire laminer, pendant des années, à force de renoncements et d’abandons de souveraineté qui ont provoqué des drames humains et des saignées dans nos territoires."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722202",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Jumel",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Jumel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427089",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427089"
   ],
   "order": 736,
   "text": "Ce qui a produit cette situation, ce ne sont pas les règles environnementales (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES et LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES), c’est le fait que les tauliers, les libéraux, bref : les politiques qui se sont succédé, ont considéré qu’il fallait permettre à des gens de faire du pognon partout dans le monde, au détriment des salariés et de leurs familles. (Même mouvement.) C’est vrai pour le textile, la sidérurgie, l’automobile : tous les secteurs industriels !Entendre des élus de droite et d’extrême droite, des libéraux, verser des larmes de crocodile et prétendre que l’écologie serait responsable des délocalisations, ce n’est pas acceptable, notamment pour le député communiste que je suis ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et Écolo-NUPES.) Vous avez laissé faire : la crise du covid a montré à quel point vous avez renoncé à des pans entiers de notre souveraineté et, à présent, vous nous donnez des leçons ! C’est inacceptable, malhonnête et hypocrite ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR-NUPES, LFI-NUPES et SOC.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 736,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427089",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 179,
   "annotation_id": "Nb64fcce57a3c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qui a produit cette situation, ce ne sont pas les règles environnementales (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]), c’est le fait que les tauliers, les libéraux, bref : les politiques qui se sont succédé, ont considéré qu’il fallait permettre à des gens de faire du pognon partout dans le monde, au détriment des salariés et de leurs familles. (Même mouvement.) C’est vrai pour le textile, la sidérurgie, l’automobile : tous les secteurs industriels !Entendre des élus de droite et d’extrême droite, des libéraux, verser des larmes de crocodile et prétendre que l’écologie serait responsable des délocalisations, ce n’est pas acceptable, notamment pour le député communiste que je suis ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Écolo-[GROUPE].) Vous avez laissé faire : la crise du covid a montré à quel point vous avez renoncé à des pans entiers de notre souveraineté et, à présent, vous nous donnez des leçons ! C’est inacceptable, malhonnête et hypocrite ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-[GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722142",
   "speaker": "François Ruffin",
   "quality": "M. François Ruffin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427096",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427096"
   ],
   "order": 743,
   "text": "Qui nous fera croire que tout cela, c’est la faute des contraintes environnementales et de l’écologie ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES et sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.) C’est la faute des gouvernements qui se succèdent depuis quarante ans et qui ont fait le choix de la mondialisation, de l’Europe du marché et du seul marché ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)Nous devons transformer notre économie, notre industrie, notre énergie, pour affronter la catastrophe écologique en cours. Pour les poêles, on veut se donner une décennie pour résoudre le problème, alors qu’on doit relever un défi : transformer tout le reste. Or nous ne pourrons le faire que si les pouvoirs publics, l’État, la politique protègent la santé mais aussi l’emploi des salariés.Si nous disons aux gens, aux salariés et aux ouvriers, qu’il va falloir changer, sans les rassurer en leur offrant la possibilité de changer de métier, ça va craquer ! Par conséquent, ce que devrait faire le Gouvernement, monsieur le ministre, c’est créer un contrat de sécurité professionnelle pour les salariés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES et sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES. – M. Inaki Echaniz applaudit également.) Or vous faites tout l’inverse : réforme après réforme, vous installez la précarité et l’instabilité ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-NUPES. – M. Sébastien Jumel applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 743,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427096",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 229,
   "annotation_id": "Nc06bd733b74a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Qui nous fera croire que tout cela, c’est la faute des contraintes environnementales et de l’écologie ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) C’est la faute des gouvernements qui se succèdent depuis quarante ans et qui ont fait le choix de la mondialisation, de l’Europe du marché et du seul marché ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous devons transformer notre économie, notre industrie, notre énergie, pour affronter la catastrophe écologique en cours. Pour les poêles, on veut se donner une décennie pour résoudre le problème, alors qu’on doit relever un défi : transformer tout le reste. Or nous ne pourrons le faire que si les pouvoirs publics, l’État, la politique protègent la santé mais aussi l’emploi des salariés.Si nous disons aux gens, aux salariés et aux ouvriers, qu’il va falloir changer, sans les rassurer en leur offrant la possibilité de changer de métier, ça va craquer ! Par conséquent, ce que devrait faire le Gouvernement, monsieur le ministre, c’est créer un contrat de sécurité professionnelle pour les salariés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE]. – M. Inaki Echaniz applaudit également.) Or vous faites tout l’inverse : réforme après réforme, vous installez la précarité et l’instabilité ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Écolo-[GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721210",
   "speaker": "Alexis Corbière",
   "quality": "M. Alexis Corbière",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427104",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427104"
   ],
   "order": 751,
   "text": "Un peu de respect, monsieur le ministre : arrêtez de nous parler de cette manière ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe RE.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 751,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427104",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Nd7205cb5e5bf",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Un peu de respect, monsieur le ministre : arrêtez de nous parler de cette manière ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe RE.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427108",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427108"
   ],
   "order": 755,
   "text": "Monsieur le député Corbière, je vais répéter exactement ce que je viens de dire et vous m’expliquerez en quoi je vous ai manqué de respect, à vous ou à qui que ce soit.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 755,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427108",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N7359ce497c95",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le député Corbière, je vais répéter exactement ce que je viens de dire et vous m’expliquerez en quoi je vous ai manqué de respect, à vous ou à qui que ce soit."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427111",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427111"
   ],
   "order": 758,
   "text": "Je ne vais pas répondre à M. Corbière, en définitive ; je vais le laisser hurler. Et, ce disant, je ne lui manque pas de respect : je l’ai entendu alors qu’il ne s’exprimait même pas au micro.MM. Ruffin et Jumel, disais-je, nous ont donné une leçon dont ils ont le secret.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 758,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427111",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N6810ea0f5a28",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne vais pas répondre à M. Corbière, en définitive ; je vais le laisser hurler. Et, ce disant, je ne lui manque pas de respect : je l’ai entendu alors qu’il ne s’exprimait même pas au micro.MM. Ruffin et Jumel, disais-je, nous ont donné une leçon dont ils ont le secret."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427114",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427114"
   ],
   "order": 761,
   "text": "Je les côtoie depuis six ans maintenant, puisque nous avons été membres de la même commission sous la précédente législature. Qu’avons-nous fait au cours de ces cinq années, monsieur Ruffin ? Nous n’avons pas détruit 2 millions d’emplois industriels.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 761,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427114",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N787fe4cabbd8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je les côtoie depuis six ans maintenant, puisque nous avons été membres de la même commission sous la précédente législature. Qu’avons-nous fait au cours de ces cinq années, monsieur Ruffin ? Nous n’avons pas détruit 2 millions d’emplois industriels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427120",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427120"
   ],
   "order": 767,
   "text": "Je parle de créations nettes. C’est l’Insee qui le dit. Lorsqu’on calcule la différence entre le nombre des emplois industriels créés et le nombre de ceux qui ont été détruits, au cours des sept dernières années – car c’est ainsi que fonctionne l’économie, monsieur : des emplois sont détruits, d’autres sont créés –, on constate que le bilan de la majorité est de plus 130 000 (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille applaudit également) alors que celui des décennies précédentes a été, effectivement, de moins 2 millions.Pourquoi a-t-on obtenu ce résultat, monsieur Jumel ? Parce que nous avons adopté des mesures courageuses (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES) contre lesquelles, du reste, vous avez voté de manière systématique – je pense à la réforme du code du travail. Il y a quinze jours, un entrepreneur m’a dit que la mesure qui lui avait permis de doubler le nombre de ses salariés, en le portant de dix à vingt, c’est la réforme des prud’hommes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 767,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427120",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 169,
   "annotation_id": "N77bb1210abf4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je parle de créations nettes. C’est l’Insee qui le dit. Lorsqu’on calcule la différence entre le nombre des emplois industriels créés et le nombre de ceux qui ont été détruits, au cours des sept dernières années – car c’est ainsi que fonctionne l’économie, monsieur : des emplois sont détruits, d’autres sont créés –, on constate que le bilan de la majorité est de plus 130 000 (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RE. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également) alors que celui des décennies précédentes a été, effectivement, de moins 2 millions.Pourquoi a-t-on obtenu ce résultat, monsieur Jumel ? Parce que nous avons adopté des mesures courageuses (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) contre lesquelles, du reste, vous avez voté de manière systématique – je pense à la réforme du code du travail. Il y a quinze jours, un entrepreneur m’a dit que la mesure qui lui avait permis de doubler le nombre de ses salariés, en le portant de dix à vingt, c’est la réforme des prud’hommes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427123",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427123"
   ],
   "order": 770,
   "text": "Je vous parle, madame, du dirigeant d’une PME dont le nombre de salariés est passé de dix à vingt et qui doit gagner moins d’argent que vous chaque année. Ce petit entrepreneur m’a remercié, car les mesures courageuses adoptées par la majorité ont permis de créer 130 000 emplois.Qu’en est-il des usines ? Lorsque j’ai pris mes fonctions au ministère de l’industrie, j’ai demandé un baromètre objectif des créations et des destructions d’usines. Car, oui, monsieur le député, des usines ouvrent quand d’autres ferment – ce qui compte, c’est que les premières soient plus nombreuses que les secondes –, des lignes de production ouvrent – par exemple, chez Petit Bateau, dans l’Aube – et d’autres ferment, malheureusement, notamment à Condat, dans la circonscription de M. Peytavie. Toujours est-il que, l’an dernier, le bilan présentait un solde positif de 201 créations et, l’année précédente, de 176 créations.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 770,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427123",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "Ncc124d1ded5d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous parle, madame, du dirigeant d’une PME dont le nombre de salariés est passé de dix à vingt et qui doit gagner moins d’argent que vous chaque année. Ce petit entrepreneur m’a remercié, car les mesures courageuses adoptées par la majorité ont permis de créer 130 000 emplois.Qu’en est-il des usines ? Lorsque j’ai pris mes fonctions au ministère de l’industrie, j’ai demandé un baromètre objectif des créations et des destructions d’usines. Car, oui, monsieur le député, des usines ouvrent quand d’autres ferment – ce qui compte, c’est que les premières soient plus nombreuses que les secondes –, des lignes de production ouvrent – par exemple, chez Petit Bateau, dans l’Aube – et d’autres ferment, malheureusement, notamment à Condat, dans la circonscription de M. Peytavie. Toujours est-il que, l’an dernier, le bilan présentait un solde positif de 201 créations et, l’année précédente, de 176 créations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427126",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427126"
   ],
   "order": 773,
   "text": "Dans l’agroalimentaire, les industries vertes et l’économie circulaire, on compte près de trente usines et lignes de production supplémentaires. Je crois à l’industrie verte, au caractère éminemment industriel de la révolution écologique. Je suis sans doute l’un des ministres les plus écolos du Gouvernement ! (Sourires et exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NUPES, SOC, Écolo-NUPES et GDR-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 773,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427126",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N44c50e5d6d39",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Dans l’agroalimentaire, les industries vertes et l’économie circulaire, on compte près de trente usines et lignes de production supplémentaires. Je crois à l’industrie verte, au caractère éminemment industriel de la révolution écologique. Je suis sans doute l’un des ministres les plus écolos du Gouvernement ! (Sourires et exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Écolo-[GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-[GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427128",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427128"
   ],
   "order": 775,
   "text": "Je m’attendais un peu à cette réaction. Nous allons créer de l’emploi dans l’industrie d’hier en la verdissant et dans celle de demain en favorisant son développement en France. L’an dernier, notre pays comptait dix-neuf usines textiles de plus que l’année précédente. C’est vrai, elles fabriquent les textiles de demain, des textiles techniques. Si nous adoptons une réglementation plus contraignante que les normes européennes, elles souffriront d’un déficit de compétitivité. Vous pouvez continuer à hurler : c’est la réalité.J’ai soutenu l’amendement no 111, qui a, hélas, été rejeté. Je continue à penser que l’industrie est l’une des contributions essentielles à la révolution écologique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 775,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427128",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "Na25eed9f7e8c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’attendais un peu à cette réaction. Nous allons créer de l’emploi dans l’industrie d’hier en la verdissant et dans celle de demain en favorisant son développement en France. L’an dernier, notre pays comptait dix-neuf usines textiles de plus que l’année précédente. C’est vrai, elles fabriquent les textiles de demain, des textiles techniques. Si nous adoptons une réglementation plus contraignante que les normes européennes, elles souffriront d’un déficit de compétitivité. Vous pouvez continuer à hurler : c’est la réalité.J’ai soutenu l’amendement no 111, qui a, hélas, été rejeté. Je continue à penser que l’industrie est l’une des contributions essentielles à la révolution écologique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427134",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427134"
   ],
   "order": 781,
   "text": "Je vais défendre en même l’amendement no 110, madame la présidente.J’ai de la suite dans les idées. Il est nécessaire de créer une filière qui englobe la fabrication, l’utilisation et la destruction des monomères. Ces produits ne font l’objet d’aucun suivi alors qu’on connaît leur dangerosité. L’amendement no 109, auquel M. le ministre a annoncé qu’il donnerait un avis favorable, tend à préciser la notion de monomères. Quant à l’amendement no 110, il vise à créer la filière que je viens d’évoquer.Pour éviter que les monomères, qui sont dangereux, ne se retrouvent dans les différents milieux, il est important d’assurer leur suivi. Lorsque l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques a lancé une consultation sur les Pfas, elle a reçu plus de 5 000 contributions, alors qu’elle n’en avait reçu que 500 lors de sa consultation sur les plastiques. Cela signifie que tous les acteurs industriels sont concernés.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "109",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 781,
   "amendments": [
    "109"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427134",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "Nb9ba31970f65",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais défendre en même l’amendement no 110, madame la présidente.J’ai de la suite dans les idées. Il est nécessaire de créer une filière qui englobe la fabrication, l’utilisation et la destruction des monomères. Ces produits ne font l’objet d’aucun suivi alors qu’on connaît leur dangerosité. L’amendement no 109, auquel M. le ministre a annoncé qu’il donnerait un avis favorable, tend à préciser la notion de monomères. Quant à l’amendement no 110, il vise à créer la filière que je viens d’évoquer.Pour éviter que les monomères, qui sont dangereux, ne se retrouvent dans les différents milieux, il est important d’assurer leur suivi. Lorsque l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques a lancé une consultation sur les Pfas, elle a reçu plus de 5 000 contributions, alors qu’elle n’en avait reçu que 500 lors de sa consultation sur les plastiques. Cela signifie que tous les acteurs industriels sont concernés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427138",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427138"
   ],
   "order": 785,
   "text": "Vous proposez de renvoyer la définition des Pfas à un décret en Conseil d’État. J’ai indiqué tout à l’heure que cela ne me paraissait pas opportun. Il est en effet nécessaire de se reporter aux définitions scientifiques en retenant une acception large de la notion de Pfas. Or, si cette définition figurait dans un décret, elle serait figée. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 785,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427138",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N56c4bb0e8ec3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous proposez de renvoyer la définition des Pfas à un décret en Conseil d’État. J’ai indiqué tout à l’heure que cela ne me paraissait pas opportun. Il est en effet nécessaire de se reporter aux définitions scientifiques en retenant une acception large de la notion de Pfas. Or, si cette définition figurait dans un décret, elle serait figée. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427244",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427244"
   ],
   "order": 787,
   "text": "Il est favorable. L’amendement vise à ce que les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées soient définies par décret, ce qui serait tout à fait opportun.La caractéristique de cette famille de plusieurs milliers de substances – dont on ne peut même pas dresser la liste complète, cela a été répété – est sa très haute persistance dans l’environnement. Préciser la notion de substances Pfas dans le cadre d’un décret nous permettrait de nous appuyer sur les travaux de l’OCDE. Ceux-ci évoluent dans le temps et la définition technique des Pfas que propose cette organisation est largement acceptée par la communauté scientifique.Il s’agit donc d’un amendement de bon sens.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 787,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427244",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N8c888a6f8fc7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est favorable. L’amendement vise à ce que les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées soient définies par décret, ce qui serait tout à fait opportun.La caractéristique de cette famille de plusieurs milliers de substances – dont on ne peut même pas dresser la liste complète, cela a été répété – est sa très haute persistance dans l’environnement. Préciser la notion de substances Pfas dans le cadre d’un décret nous permettrait de nous appuyer sur les travaux de l’OCDE. Ceux-ci évoluent dans le temps et la définition technique des Pfas que propose cette organisation est largement acceptée par la communauté scientifique.Il s’agit donc d’un amendement de bon sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720900",
   "speaker": "Cécile Rilhac",
   "quality": "Mme Cécile Rilhac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427250",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427250"
   ],
   "order": 793,
   "text": "En effet, on ne peut s’opposer systématiquement à ce qui vient de l’industrie.L’industrie française est engagée en faveur de la dépollution. Vous connaissez mon soutien à l’industrie spatiale, mais aussi mon engagement sincère en faveur de la dépollution et de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique.Je souhaite voter cette proposition de loi, mais si nous continuons d’échouer à trouver des compromis, au sujet des dates d’application des mesures, ou concernant les régions devant être réindustrialisées dans l’optique de créer des emplois, nous allons braquer une partie de la population, qui ne voudra plus comprendre pourquoi nous devons lutter contre les polluants et contre le réchauffement climatique.J’y insiste : quand il existe des solutions de compromis qui nous permettent d’avancer sur nos deux jambes, il faut s’en saisir. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 793,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427250",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 136,
   "annotation_id": "Nee87183802f4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En effet, on ne peut s’opposer systématiquement à ce qui vient de l’industrie.L’industrie française est engagée en faveur de la dépollution. Vous connaissez mon soutien à l’industrie spatiale, mais aussi mon engagement sincère en faveur de la dépollution et de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique.Je souhaite voter cette proposition de loi, mais si nous continuons d’échouer à trouver des compromis, au sujet des dates d’application des mesures, ou concernant les régions devant être réindustrialisées dans l’optique de créer des emplois, nous allons braquer une partie de la population, qui ne voudra plus comprendre pourquoi nous devons lutter contre les polluants et contre le réchauffement climatique.J’y insiste : quand il existe des solutions de compromis qui nous permettent d’avancer sur nos deux jambes, il faut s’en saisir. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RE et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427259",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427259"
   ],
   "order": 802,
   "text": "Je l’ai dit dans ma précédente intervention et n’y reviendrai pas : selon moi, il est important de créer une filière de traitement des Pfas.Ce qui m’étonne, particulièrement alors que nous parlons de coconstruction et de consensus, c’est que le rapporteur ait donné un avis défavorable à la définition des monomères dans la loi. Car en l’absence d’une telle définition, comment pourrions-nous créer une filière pour leur traitement ?J’anticipe donc votre réponse au présent amendement, monsieur le rapporteur. N’allez-vous pas me dire qu’il serait très intéressant de créer une filière, mais que comme les monomères ne sont malheureusement pas définis, vous ne pouvez émettre un avis favorable ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "110",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 802,
   "amendments": [
    "110"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427259",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "Ncb89efb99c36",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je l’ai dit dans ma précédente intervention et n’y reviendrai pas : selon moi, il est important de créer une filière de traitement des Pfas.Ce qui m’étonne, particulièrement alors que nous parlons de coconstruction et de consensus, c’est que le rapporteur ait donné un avis défavorable à la définition des monomères dans la loi. Car en l’absence d’une telle définition, comment pourrions-nous créer une filière pour leur traitement ?J’anticipe donc votre réponse au présent amendement, monsieur le rapporteur. N’allez-vous pas me dire qu’il serait très intéressant de créer une filière, mais que comme les monomères ne sont malheureusement pas définis, vous ne pouvez émettre un avis favorable ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793094",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Ray",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Ray",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427263",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427263"
   ],
   "order": 806,
   "text": "Il vise à préciser l’amendement de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille, car aux termes de celui-ci, tous les déchets contenant des Pfas devraient être considérés comme des déchets dangereux. Or une telle rédaction empêcherait de poursuivre le traitement habituel des déchets ne contenant qu’une quantité très minime de ces substances.Le présent sous-amendement vise donc à fixer par décret des seuils limites de concentration de Pfas, comme il en existe pour d’autres substances. De cette manière, les déchets qui n’en contiennent qu’un faible volume pourraient être orientés vers les filières de traitement adaptées à leur dangerosité.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "110",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 806,
   "amendments": [
    "110"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427263",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "Ne8dbd51c63c6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à préciser l’amendement de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille, car aux termes de celui-ci, tous les déchets contenant des Pfas devraient être considérés comme des déchets dangereux. Or une telle rédaction empêcherait de poursuivre le traitement habituel des déchets ne contenant qu’une quantité très minime de ces substances.Le présent sous-amendement vise donc à fixer par décret des seuils limites de concentration de Pfas, comme il en existe pour d’autres substances. De cette manière, les déchets qui n’en contiennent qu’un faible volume pourraient être orientés vers les filières de traitement adaptées à leur dangerosité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718710",
   "speaker": "Pascale Boyer",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Boyer",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427266"
   ],
   "order": 809,
   "text": "L’amendement no 110 de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille vise, d’une part, à créer un mécanisme de suivi et de contrôle des Pfas et, d’autre part, à ce que les déchets contenant des monomères de Pfas relèvent du statut des déchets dangereux. Cet amendement aurait donc pour conséquence de ne confier la destruction des Pfas qu’aux seules installations de traitement des déchets dangereux. Nous partons donc du principe que ces substances chimiques ne sont actuellement pas considérées comme des déchets dangereux et qu’elles suivent donc un processus de traitement classique, à des températures qui ne permettent pas leur destruction, provoquant ainsi leur diffusion dans l’environnement.Il n’en demeure pas moins que les travaux scientifiques, tant au niveau français qu’au niveau européen, sont toujours en cours pour déterminer les solutions et les conditions d’élimination de ces substances. Or il est nécessaire de se fonder sur des analyses scientifiques et des méthodes éprouvées pour déterminer les solutions d’élimination les plus réalisables et efficaces possible.L’acquisition de connaissances scientifiques sur cette vaste famille de substances, ainsi que la définition de méthodologies de caractérisation et d’analyse scientifique, sont indispensables pour que les évolutions réglementaires à venir, s’agissant aussi bien des niveaux de surveillance pour la population et les salariés que du traitement et de l’élimination des Pfas, s’appuient sur des données fiables, vérifiables et reproductibles.Ce sous-amendement vise donc à ce que les valeurs limites de concentration de ces substances soient définies par décret, afin de déterminer les installations de traitement les plus adaptées à leur dangerosité.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "110",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 809,
   "amendments": [
    "110"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427266",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 248,
   "annotation_id": "Ndafa398acb4e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement no 110 de notre collègue Isaac-Sibille vise, d’une part, à créer un mécanisme de suivi et de contrôle des Pfas et, d’autre part, à ce que les déchets contenant des monomères de Pfas relèvent du statut des déchets dangereux. Cet amendement aurait donc pour conséquence de ne confier la destruction des Pfas qu’aux seules installations de traitement des déchets dangereux. Nous partons donc du principe que ces substances chimiques ne sont actuellement pas considérées comme des déchets dangereux et qu’elles suivent donc un processus de traitement classique, à des températures qui ne permettent pas leur destruction, provoquant ainsi leur diffusion dans l’environnement.Il n’en demeure pas moins que les travaux scientifiques, tant au niveau français qu’au niveau européen, sont toujours en cours pour déterminer les solutions et les conditions d’élimination de ces substances. Or il est nécessaire de se fonder sur des analyses scientifiques et des méthodes éprouvées pour déterminer les solutions d’élimination les plus réalisables et efficaces possible.L’acquisition de connaissances scientifiques sur cette vaste famille de substances, ainsi que la définition de méthodologies de caractérisation et d’analyse scientifique, sont indispensables pour que les évolutions réglementaires à venir, s’agissant aussi bien des niveaux de surveillance pour la population et les salariés que du traitement et de l’élimination des Pfas, s’appuient sur des données fiables, vérifiables et reproductibles.Ce sous-amendement vise donc à ce que les valeurs limites de concentration de ces substances soient définies par décret, afin de déterminer les installations de traitement les plus adaptées à leur dangerosité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427271",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427271"
   ],
   "order": 814,
   "text": "Ma réponse est toujours la même. Cher collègue Isaac-Sibille, isoler les monomères parmi les Pfas, comme votre amendement tend à le faire, revient à faire une distinction qui n’est pas fondée scientifiquement.Rien que pour cette raison, et par cohérence avec ce que j’ai dit depuis le début des débats, mon avis sera défavorable aussi bien sur les sous-amendements que sur l’amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 814,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427271",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "Ne74aec7023c4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ma réponse est toujours la même. Cher collègue Isaac-Sibille, isoler les monomères parmi les Pfas, comme votre amendement tend à le faire, revient à faire une distinction qui n’est pas fondée scientifiquement.Rien que pour cette raison, et par cohérence avec ce que j’ai dit depuis le début des débats, mon avis sera défavorable aussi bien sur les sous-amendements que sur l’amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427274",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427274"
   ],
   "order": 817,
   "text": "Une fois n’est pas coutume, et même si mes raisons sont différentes, mon avis sera le même que celui du rapporteur. La gestion des déchets dangereux est régie par une directive européenne. Par cet amendement, monsieur Isaac-Sibille, vous proposez d’y intégrer les Pfas par un moyen détourné, ce qui constituerait une surtransposition de fait. Nous le faisons déjà fréquemment, aussi suggérerai-je le retrait des sous-amendements et de l’amendement. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 817,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427274",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N793565694bce",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Une fois n’est pas coutume, et même si mes raisons sont différentes, mon avis sera le même que celui du rapporteur. La gestion des déchets dangereux est régie par une directive européenne. Par cet amendement, monsieur Isaac-Sibille, vous proposez d’y intégrer les Pfas par un moyen détourné, ce qui constituerait une surtransposition de fait. Nous le faisons déjà fréquemment, aussi suggérerai-je le retrait des sous-amendements et de l’amendement. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427276",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427276"
   ],
   "order": 819,
   "text": "Pendant six mois, je me suis penché sur la question des Pfas, et ce qui m’interpelle, c’est combien le groupe Écologiste s’est focalisé sur les poêles en téflon, sans considérer les tonnes de monomères actuellement répandus dans la nature, alors qu’ils ne sont contrôlés par personne. La dépollution s’effectue en effet grâce à des charbons actifs qui, à la fin, deviennent un concentrat de monomères Pfas. Or, je le répète, qui contrôle leur devenir ?Monsieur le rapporteur, je vous suggère de lire une deuxième fois mon rapport sur les Pfas, car bien davantage que les poêles, ce qui est important, ce sont ces tonnes de monomères rejetés dans la nature sans contrôle. Si je puis comprendre la position du ministre, la vôtre, monsieur le rapporteur, qui êtes normalement sensibilisé à la question des Pfas et aux sujets environnementaux, me surprend.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 819,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427276",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 140,
   "annotation_id": "Nb326dd0a7694",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pendant six mois, je me suis penché sur la question des Pfas, et ce qui m’interpelle, c’est combien le groupe [GROUPE] s’est focalisé sur les poêles en téflon, sans considérer les tonnes de monomères actuellement répandus dans la nature, alors qu’ils ne sont contrôlés par personne. La dépollution s’effectue en effet grâce à des charbons actifs qui, à la fin, deviennent un concentrat de monomères Pfas. Or, je le répète, qui contrôle leur devenir ?Monsieur le rapporteur, je vous suggère de lire une deuxième fois mon rapport sur les Pfas, car bien davantage que les poêles, ce qui est important, ce sont ces tonnes de monomères rejetés dans la nature sans contrôle. Si je puis comprendre la position du ministre, la vôtre, monsieur le rapporteur, qui êtes normalement sensibilisé à la question des Pfas et aux sujets environnementaux, me surprend."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793182",
   "speaker": "Jorys Bovet",
   "quality": "M. Jorys Bovet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427283",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427283"
   ],
   "order": 826,
   "text": "Les termes « eaux potables » et « eaux destinées à la consommation humaine » sont parfaitement synonymes. Le présent amendement vise donc à supprimer le pléonasme figurant à l’alinéa 11.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "20",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 826,
   "amendments": [
    "20"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427283",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Nb63316e69ef8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les termes « eaux potables » et « eaux destinées à la consommation humaine » sont parfaitement synonymes. Le présent amendement vise donc à supprimer le pléonasme figurant à l’alinéa 11."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427291",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427291"
   ],
   "order": 834,
   "text": "L’amendement est rédactionnel, mais son adoption changerait tout de même le sens de l’alinéa 12. Les mots « cartographie », qui est l’étude des cartes, et « cartes », ne sont pas équivalents. J’aimerais donc connaître, en deux mots, le but de cette modification rédactionnelle.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 834,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427291",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N2cf018826d2d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement est rédactionnel, mais son adoption changerait tout de même le sens de l’alinéa 12. Les mots « cartographie », qui est l’étude des cartes, et « cartes », ne sont pas équivalents. J’aimerais donc connaître, en deux mots, le but de cette modification rédactionnelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427296",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427296"
   ],
   "order": 839,
   "text": "Il vise à ce que la carte des sites émetteurs tienne compte de tous les types de substances définies comme des Pfas, la rédaction actuelle de l’alinéa 12 omettant de mentionner les substances polyfluoroalkylées.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "73",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 839,
   "amendments": [
    "73"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427296",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N9a9a1dc48040",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à ce que la carte des sites émetteurs tienne compte de tous les types de substances définies comme des Pfas, la rédaction actuelle de l’alinéa 12 omettant de mentionner les substances polyfluoroalkylées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427299",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427299"
   ],
   "order": 842,
   "text": "Il vise tout simplement à ce que les mesures de prévention à appliquer par les personnes résidant dans des communes faisant face à un danger élevé ou très élevé d’exposition aux Pfas soient établies par les agences régionales de santé. De cette manière, les préconisations seraient mieux adaptées aux réalités locales, et donc plus pertinentes et plus efficaces.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "94",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 842,
   "amendments": [
    "94"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427299",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N8226d61f971c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise tout simplement à ce que les mesures de prévention à appliquer par les personnes résidant dans des communes faisant face à un danger élevé ou très élevé d’exposition aux Pfas soient établies par les agences régionales de santé. De cette manière, les préconisations seraient mieux adaptées aux réalités locales, et donc plus pertinentes et plus efficaces."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427302",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427302"
   ],
   "order": 845,
   "text": "Comme l’a exposé Anne-Cécile Violland, ces amendements identiques visent à confier aux agences régionales de santé les missions d’information du public et de prévention s’agissant de l’exposition aux Pfas, afin que soient proposées les mesures les plus adaptées aux spécificités locales.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "94",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 845,
   "amendments": [
    "94"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427302",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N9c3f7327b8dd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Comme l’a exposé [PERSONNE], ces amendements identiques visent à confier aux agences régionales de santé les missions d’information du public et de prévention s’agissant de l’exposition aux Pfas, afin que soient proposées les mesures les plus adaptées aux spécificités locales."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427305",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427305"
   ],
   "order": 848,
   "text": "Cette question est très importante. Lorsque la pollution aux Pfas a été révélée dans le Rhône il y a deux ans, la question de la coordination de l’information s’est posée, étant donné que celle-ci émanait aussi bien de la préfecture que la Dreal et de l’ARS. Des prélèvements ont été faits dans les eaux, dans les sols, sur les poules, dans les œufs, conduisant à la collecte de milliers de données qui n’étaient pas nécessairement compréhensibles par les citoyens, ni par les élus.Or vous ne pouvez pas imaginer la réaction d’un élu à qui on dit que des tests font état de la présence de Pfas sur son territoire, par exemple sur un terrain football, ou une butte au sein d’une école. L’élu en question, désemparé, se demande ce que cela signifie, ce qu’il doit faire, quelles préconisations il doit prendre. Quant aux citoyens, comme je le disais, eux non plus ne disposent pas toujours d’une information lisible et claire.Ces amendements identiques sont donc importants, car ils permettraient la centralisation des informations par les ARS, qui mettraient les données à disposition du public et émettraient les recommandations adéquates. Lorsqu’on vit une crise sanitaire, le plus important est de donner une information claire et compréhensible. C’est le sens de ces amendements.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "112",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 848,
   "amendments": [
    "112"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427305",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 210,
   "annotation_id": "N6ea2d9496879",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cette question est très importante. Lorsque la pollution aux Pfas a été révélée dans le Rhône il y a deux ans, la question de la coordination de l’information s’est posée, étant donné que celle-ci émanait aussi bien de la préfecture que la Dreal et de l’ARS. Des prélèvements ont été faits dans les eaux, dans les sols, sur les poules, dans les œufs, conduisant à la collecte de milliers de données qui n’étaient pas nécessairement compréhensibles par les citoyens, ni par les élus.Or vous ne pouvez pas imaginer la réaction d’un élu à qui on dit que des tests font état de la présence de Pfas sur son territoire, par exemple sur un terrain football, ou une butte au sein d’une école. L’élu en question, désemparé, se demande ce que cela signifie, ce qu’il doit faire, quelles préconisations il doit prendre. Quant aux citoyens, comme je le disais, eux non plus ne disposent pas toujours d’une information lisible et claire.Ces amendements identiques sont donc importants, car ils permettraient la centralisation des informations par les ARS, qui mettraient les données à disposition du public et émettraient les recommandations adéquates. Lorsqu’on vit une crise sanitaire, le plus important est de donner une information claire et compréhensible. C’est le sens de ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427309",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427309"
   ],
   "order": 852,
   "text": "Dans sa version actuelle, l’alinéa 13 prévoit la publication de la liste des communes les plus exposées aux Pfas. Ces amendements identiques sont plus précis, en ce qu’ils visent à confier aux ARS le soin de prendre les mesures de prévention à destination des résidents de ces communes. Je leur donnerai donc un avis favorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 852,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427309",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N25353db65e9e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans sa version actuelle, l’alinéa 13 prévoit la publication de la liste des communes les plus exposées aux Pfas. Ces amendements identiques sont plus précis, en ce qu’ils visent à confier aux ARS le soin de prendre les mesures de prévention à destination des résidents de ces communes. Je leur donnerai donc un avis favorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427382",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427382"
   ],
   "order": 866,
   "text": "Je comprends la logique de votre amendement. Néanmoins, je vous invite à le retirer au profit des amendements identiques no 96, 104 et 118 – amendement dont vous êtes le signataire –, déposés à l’article 2 bis, qui sont plus pertinents. Je leur donnerai un avis favorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 866,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427382",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "Neae6d9d25034",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends la logique de votre amendement. Néanmoins, je vous invite à le retirer au profit des amendements identiques no 96, 104 et 118 – amendement dont vous êtes le signataire –, déposés à l’article 2 bis, qui sont plus pertinents. Je leur donnerai un avis favorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794946",
   "speaker": "Antoine Villedieu",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Villedieu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427386"
   ],
   "order": 870,
   "text": "Notre connaissance en matière de Pfas est très éparse. Or si nous souhaitons les interdire, nous devons avoir une idée claire et précise des dangers que représente chaque Pfas. Il n’existe aucune classification de ces substances en fonction de leur dangerosité. Il faut d’abord cibler les Pfas les plus dangereux en vue de les interdire totalement et prendre le temps de trouver des substances alternatives moins dangereuses.Cet amendement vise donc à ajouter une classification des Pfas selon leur dangerosité dans le rapport relatif aux normes sanitaires pour les Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "112",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 870,
   "amendments": [
    "112"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427386",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "Nd0ecd42d87cc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Notre connaissance en matière de Pfas est très éparse. Or si nous souhaitons les interdire, nous devons avoir une idée claire et précise des dangers que représente chaque Pfas. Il n’existe aucune classification de ces substances en fonction de leur dangerosité. Il faut d’abord cibler les Pfas les plus dangereux en vue de les interdire totalement et prendre le temps de trouver des substances alternatives moins dangereuses.Cet amendement vise donc à ajouter une classification des Pfas selon leur dangerosité dans le rapport relatif aux normes sanitaires pour les Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794094",
   "speaker": "Mickaël Bouloux",
   "quality": "M. Mickaël Bouloux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427399"
   ],
   "order": 883,
   "text": "Cet amendement, proposé par le groupe Socialistes et apparentés, vise à organiser une campagne nationale de sensibilisation pour prévenir les risques associés aux Pfas, sur lesquels je ne reviendrai pas – nous en avons malheureusement beaucoup parlé.Il s’agit d’informer la population sur leurs dangers et de promouvoir les produits de substitution existants. Je me permets un clin d’œil : je suis breton, je cite donc l’inusable crêpière Billig en fonte usinée (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES), qui permet de faire d’excellentes galettes au sarrasin en Bretagne et partout dans le monde.En répondant à la recommandation no 7 du rapport de l’inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable relatif à l’analyse des risques de présence de Pfas dans l’environnement et à la recommandation no 2 du rapport de notre collègue Cyril Isaac-Sibille, commandé par l’ancienne Première ministre, Élisabeth Borne, cet amendement s’inscrit dans une démarche proactive visant à protéger la santé publique et à limiter l’exposition aux Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "6",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 883,
   "amendments": [
    "6"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427399",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 160,
   "annotation_id": "N4954ae583857",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement, proposé par le groupe [GROUPE], vise à organiser une campagne nationale de sensibilisation pour prévenir les risques associés aux Pfas, sur lesquels je ne reviendrai pas – nous en avons malheureusement beaucoup parlé.Il s’agit d’informer la population sur leurs dangers et de promouvoir les produits de substitution existants. Je me permets un clin d’œil : je suis breton, je cite donc l’inusable crêpière Billig en fonte usinée (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), qui permet de faire d’excellentes galettes au sarrasin en Bretagne et partout dans le monde.En répondant à la recommandation no 7 du rapport de l’inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable relatif à l’analyse des risques de présence de Pfas dans l’environnement et à la recommandation no 2 du rapport de notre collègue Cyril Isaac-Sibille, commandé par l’ancienne Première ministre, [PERSONNE], cet amendement s’inscrit dans une démarche proactive visant à protéger la santé publique et à limiter l’exposition aux Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427403",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427403"
   ],
   "order": 887,
   "text": "Il est important que le rapport se focalise sur un seul sujet, à savoir les normes appliquées en matière de contrôle sanitaire de l’eau potable. Mon avis est donc défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 887,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427403",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nf9ffaf08270e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important que le rapport se focalise sur un seul sujet, à savoir les normes appliquées en matière de contrôle sanitaire de l’eau potable. Mon avis est donc défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427405",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427405"
   ],
   "order": 889,
   "text": "Cela devient dangereux, car je suis d’accord avec le rapporteur ! (Sourires. – Mme Nadège Abomangoli fait mine de rire.)J’ajoute que cet amendement est déjà satisfait, tant par notre beau débat qui a franchi le mur du son, que par le fait qu’au niveau local, les ARS et les services déconcentrés des ministères communiquent sur les dangers et les risques associés aux Pfas ainsi que sur les cas de contamination.Je l’ai dit lors de la présentation du texte : nous avons annoncé un plan d’action ministériel dont l’un des six axes vise à mieux informer pour mieux lutter contre la pollution. À cet égard, une plaquette d’information destinée au grand public est en cours d’élaboration. Ce travail sera documenté et mobilisera des experts, notamment de Santé publique France. Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement ; à défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable, comme le rapporteur.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427870",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 889,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427405",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "Ned059a83b074",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cela devient dangereux, car je suis d’accord avec le rapporteur ! (Sourires. – Mme [PERSONNE] fait mine de rire.)J’ajoute que cet amendement est déjà satisfait, tant par notre beau débat qui a franchi le mur du son, que par le fait qu’au niveau local, les ARS et les services déconcentrés des ministères communiquent sur les dangers et les risques associés aux Pfas ainsi que sur les cas de contamination.Je l’ai dit lors de la présentation du texte : nous avons annoncé un plan d’action ministériel dont l’un des six axes vise à mieux informer pour mieux lutter contre la pollution. À cet égard, une plaquette d’information destinée au grand public est en cours d’élaboration. Ce travail sera documenté et mobilisera des experts, notamment de Santé publique France. Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement ; à défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable, comme le rapporteur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427421",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427421"
   ],
   "order": 905,
   "text": "Il vise à imposer aux metteurs sur le marché d’afficher clairement que leur produit contient des Pfas, par voie d’étiquetage ou, lorsque ce n’est pas possible, par un autre moyen.Comme le souligne Cyrille Isaac-Sibille dans la recommandation no 9 de son rapport, il faut « informer l’ensemble des acteurs de la chaîne de valeur concernant l’utilisation des Pfas et exiger la transparence, en amont pour les fournisseurs, et en aval pour les consommateurs ».",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "51",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 905,
   "amendments": [
    "51"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427421",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N124996eef860",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à imposer aux metteurs sur le marché d’afficher clairement que leur produit contient des Pfas, par voie d’étiquetage ou, lorsque ce n’est pas possible, par un autre moyen.Comme le souligne [PERSONNE] dans la recommandation no 9 de son rapport, il faut « informer l’ensemble des acteurs de la chaîne de valeur concernant l’utilisation des Pfas et exiger la transparence, en amont pour les fournisseurs, et en aval pour les consommateurs »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427424",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427424"
   ],
   "order": 908,
   "text": "Votre amendement vise à introduire une obligation d’information du consommateur en cas de présence de Pfas dans un produit. Je ne peux pas contester l’intérêt de la mesure dès lors que les consommateurs sont très peu informés de l’existence et de l’usage de ces substances chimiques.Néanmoins, je rencontre un problème d’ordre législatif : je ne souhaite pas introduire de nouveaux sujets dans le texte, dans la perspective de la navette parlementaire et en vue de faire aboutir la proposition de loi. Mon avis est défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 908,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427424",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N59e0259c452e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement vise à introduire une obligation d’information du consommateur en cas de présence de Pfas dans un produit. Je ne peux pas contester l’intérêt de la mesure dès lors que les consommateurs sont très peu informés de l’existence et de l’usage de ces substances chimiques.Néanmoins, je rencontre un problème d’ordre législatif : je ne souhaite pas introduire de nouveaux sujets dans le texte, dans la perspective de la navette parlementaire et en vue de faire aboutir la proposition de loi. Mon avis est défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794938",
   "speaker": "Idir Boumertit",
   "quality": "M. Idir Boumertit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427428",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427428"
   ],
   "order": 912,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à établir une liste répertoriant les substances Pfas utilisées, produites, traitées ou rejetées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement – ICPE. Cette liste serait rendue publique et mise à jour de façon hebdomadaire. Elle est cruciale puisqu’elle fournirait une information sur le niveau d’exposition à ces substances chimiques cancérigènes.En plus de sensibiliser les riveraines et les riverains des installations classées, cette liste permettrait aux agriculteurs locaux d’avoir une connaissance plus éclairée de leur production. Enfin, cette pollution est principalement due à l’activité industrielle de certaines entreprises. Le caractère public de la liste contribuerait ainsi à responsabiliser ces entreprises et les inciterait à prendre des mesures afin de respecter les réglementations en vigueur relatives aux rejets. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "63",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 912,
   "amendments": [
    "63"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427428",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 128,
   "annotation_id": "N4807e2e6c3c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à établir une liste répertoriant les substances Pfas utilisées, produites, traitées ou rejetées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement – ICPE. Cette liste serait rendue publique et mise à jour de façon hebdomadaire. Elle est cruciale puisqu’elle fournirait une information sur le niveau d’exposition à ces substances chimiques cancérigènes.En plus de sensibiliser les riveraines et les riverains des installations classées, cette liste permettrait aux agriculteurs locaux d’avoir une connaissance plus éclairée de leur production. Enfin, cette pollution est principalement due à l’activité industrielle de certaines entreprises. Le caractère public de la liste contribuerait ainsi à responsabiliser ces entreprises et les inciterait à prendre des mesures afin de respecter les réglementations en vigueur relatives aux rejets. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427431",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427431"
   ],
   "order": 915,
   "text": "Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement. En effet, l’article 1er bis prévoit d’imposer aux ICPE de cesser tout rejet aqueux de Pfas. Je propose d’étendre cette mesure aux rejets gazeux. Nous partageons le même objectif.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 915,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427431",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "Nd55a07c1bfc8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement. En effet, l’article 1er bis prévoit d’imposer aux ICPE de cesser tout rejet aqueux de Pfas. Je propose d’étendre cette mesure aux rejets gazeux. Nous partageons le même objectif."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427433",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427433"
   ],
   "order": 917,
   "text": "Je comprends votre volonté de bien informer les populations. C’est d’ailleurs l’une des raisons pour lesquelles le plan d’action ministériel, que j’ai annoncé tout à l’heure, prévoit d’organiser des campagnes de mesures des rejets dans l’air, ciblées sur les installations présentant les risques les plus importants d’émission des Pfas dans l’air. Selon l’activité de l’installation classée et ses caractéristiques, la présence de Pfas ou leur utilisation sur l’installation n’entraîne pas nécessairement de risques d’émissions notables.Ce ciblage, qui sera fondé sur une analyse exhaustive de tous les sites industriels potentiels, devra être réalisé en tenant compte des résultats des travaux engagés avec l’Anses, afin de mieux connaître l’imprégnation des compartiments environnementaux et la hiérarchisation des voies d’exposition des populations. Les résultats de ces campagnes de mesures seront rendus publics, au même titre que ceux de la campagne relative à la présence de Pfas dans les rejets aqueux de 5 000 sites industriels. Votre amendement étant satisfait, j’y suis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 917,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427433",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 158,
   "annotation_id": "N517f5a04e06b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends votre volonté de bien informer les populations. C’est d’ailleurs l’une des raisons pour lesquelles le plan d’action ministériel, que j’ai annoncé tout à l’heure, prévoit d’organiser des campagnes de mesures des rejets dans l’air, ciblées sur les installations présentant les risques les plus importants d’émission des Pfas dans l’air. Selon l’activité de l’installation classée et ses caractéristiques, la présence de Pfas ou leur utilisation sur l’installation n’entraîne pas nécessairement de risques d’émissions notables.Ce ciblage, qui sera fondé sur une analyse exhaustive de tous les sites industriels potentiels, devra être réalisé en tenant compte des résultats des travaux engagés avec l’Anses, afin de mieux connaître l’imprégnation des compartiments environnementaux et la hiérarchisation des voies d’exposition des populations. Les résultats de ces campagnes de mesures seront rendus publics, au même titre que ceux de la campagne relative à la présence de Pfas dans les rejets aqueux de 5 000 sites industriels. Votre amendement étant satisfait, j’y suis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427437",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427437"
   ],
   "order": 921,
   "text": "Vous nous renvoyez régulièrement aux règles communautaires. L’article 129 du règlement Reach nous donne déjà la possibilité de prendre des mesures en urgence afin de protéger nos concitoyens en cas de scandale sanitaire.Bien que le PFOA soit interdit en matière sanitaire, j’appelle votre attention sur le fait qu’il est également présent dans les ustensiles de cuisine. Une autre substance, l’Adona, qui a les mêmes propriétés que le PFOA, n’est pas interdite à ce jour. Ainsi, dans l’hypothèse où, à l’avenir, nous rencontrerions des difficultés sanitaires, je vous invite à voter cet amendement, qui vise à permettre au Gouvernement d’agir en urgence pour protéger nos concitoyens, en application du règlement Reach en vigueur depuis 2007.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "59",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 921,
   "amendments": [
    "59"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427437",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 114,
   "annotation_id": "Nb0ee2a7056ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous nous renvoyez régulièrement aux règles communautaires. L’article 129 du règlement Reach nous donne déjà la possibilité de prendre des mesures en urgence afin de protéger nos concitoyens en cas de scandale sanitaire.Bien que le PFOA soit interdit en matière sanitaire, j’appelle votre attention sur le fait qu’il est également présent dans les ustensiles de cuisine. Une autre substance, l’Adona, qui a les mêmes propriétés que le PFOA, n’est pas interdite à ce jour. Ainsi, dans l’hypothèse où, à l’avenir, nous rencontrerions des difficultés sanitaires, je vous invite à voter cet amendement, qui vise à permettre au Gouvernement d’agir en urgence pour protéger nos concitoyens, en application du règlement Reach en vigueur depuis 2007."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427442",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427442"
   ],
   "order": 926,
   "text": "L’Europe et vous, cela fait deux. L’amendement vise à interdire tous les Pfas, sauf dérogations relatives à des usages essentiels, en vertu de la clause de sauvegarde du règlement Reach. Qu’est-ce que la clause de sauvegarde ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 926,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427442",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Na789f10ff36c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’Europe et vous, cela fait deux. L’amendement vise à interdire tous les Pfas, sauf dérogations relatives à des usages essentiels, en vertu de la clause de sauvegarde du règlement Reach. Qu’est-ce que la clause de sauvegarde ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427444",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427444"
   ],
   "order": 928,
   "text": "Oui. Elle a déjà été invoquée par plusieurs États, et nous soutenons cette démarche. Nous ne pouvons invoquer la clause de sauvegarde si elle a déjà été invoquée par un État membre. D’ailleurs, si cette mesure venait à être votée et notifiée à la Commission européenne, il est très probable que l’Europe rappellerait qu’un processus est en cours – j’aimerais éviter ce risque. Je crois en l’Europe et en sa capacité à agir de manière plus raisonnable que vous. Surtout, cette mesure pourrait entrer en conflit avec la réglementation européenne.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 928,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427444",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "N0edc7da80bb3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Oui. Elle a déjà été invoquée par plusieurs États, et nous soutenons cette démarche. Nous ne pouvons invoquer la clause de sauvegarde si elle a déjà été invoquée par un État membre. D’ailleurs, si cette mesure venait à être votée et notifiée à la Commission européenne, il est très probable que l’Europe rappellerait qu’un processus est en cours – j’aimerais éviter ce risque. Je crois en l’Europe et en sa capacité à agir de manière plus raisonnable que vous. Surtout, cette mesure pourrait entrer en conflit avec la réglementation européenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427448",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427448"
   ],
   "order": 932,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas sérieux. Cette clause de sauvegarde permet à la France de prendre les devants pour protéger le peuple.Nous vous invitons simplement à prévoir dans ce texte la possibilité d’invoquer, dès que cela sera nécessaire, la clause de sauvegarde du règlement Reach. Ce n’est pas en contradiction avec le fait que d’autres pays l’invoquent pour protéger leur population.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 932,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427448",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "N9c44bc6131d0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas sérieux. Cette clause de sauvegarde permet à la France de prendre les devants pour protéger le peuple.Nous vous invitons simplement à prévoir dans ce texte la possibilité d’invoquer, dès que cela sera nécessaire, la clause de sauvegarde du règlement Reach. Ce n’est pas en contradiction avec le fait que d’autres pays l’invoquent pour protéger leur population."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "ministre délégué",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427455",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427455"
   ],
   "order": 939,
   "text": "Je n’ai pas commencé. J’ai simplement dit que l’Europe et vous, cela faisait deux. Un projet de restriction des Pfas, avec le même champ d’application, est déjà en cours d’examen au niveau européen. Ce processus vise à identifier les substances alternatives, à déterminer des périodes de transition et à adapter les dérogations pour les usages essentiels dans de très nombreux secteurs dans lesquels ces substances sont utilisées. La mesure de sauvegarde que vous proposez n’est donc ni pertinente ni opérationnelle.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 939,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427455",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "N95b739a12bb3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je n’ai pas commencé. J’ai simplement dit que l’Europe et vous, cela faisait deux. Un projet de restriction des Pfas, avec le même champ d’application, est déjà en cours d’examen au niveau européen. Ce processus vise à identifier les substances alternatives, à déterminer des périodes de transition et à adapter les dérogations pour les usages essentiels dans de très nombreux secteurs dans lesquels ces substances sont utilisées. La mesure de sauvegarde que vous proposez n’est donc ni pertinente ni opérationnelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA817211",
   "speaker": "René Pilato",
   "quality": "M. René Pilato",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427511",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427511"
   ],
   "order": 942,
   "text": "Il est maintenant acté que les Pfas se retrouvent partout. Le traitement par incinération des déchets qui en contiennent contribue à leur diffusion dans notre écosystème en contaminant l’eau, l’air et la nourriture – 99 % des Français en ont dans leur corps.Une synthèse bibliographique réalisée par l’Institut national de l’environnement industriel et des risques (Ineris) en décembre 2023 et qui porte sur la dégradation thermique des Pfas par incinération précise qu’une température supérieure à 1 400 degrés Celsius garantit la minéralisation de tous les Pfas. Nous savons maintenant que la température moyenne d’incinération des ordures ménagères, située entre 750 et 1 100 degrés Celsius, ne permet pas cette minéralisation. Pire, cette chauffe insuffisante provoque la production de nouveaux Pfas.La France dispose actuellement de 126 incinérateurs, soit le parc le plus important d’Europe. Selon l’Agence de la transition écologique (Ademe), la capacité d’incinération française est suffisante. Malgré nos efforts pour réduire nos déchets, huit incinérateurs sont à l’état de projet, l’un d’entre eux en Charente. Ce projet, comme tant d’autres, est inutile et ne permettra pas la destruction des Pfas.Si mettre à niveau les incinérateurs actuels pour qu’ils atteignent la température de 1 400 degrés Celsius est impossible, il est indispensable que la construction de nouveaux équipements respecte cette contrainte. Le présent amendement apporte cette garantie : l’autorisation d’exploiter une nouvelle usine d’incinération sera délivrée à condition que l’incinération soit effectuée à une température supérieure à 1 400 degrés Celsius. (M. Antoine Léaument applaudit.) Dans le cas contraire, elle s’avérerait non seulement inutile, mais productrice de Pfas – donc dangereuse. Dans l’intérêt de la santé publique, je vous invite donc à voter cet amendement. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NUPES.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "82",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2408)",
   "last_order": 942,
   "amendments": [
    "82"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427511",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 281,
   "annotation_id": "N64395dbc475d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est maintenant acté que les Pfas se retrouvent partout. Le traitement par incinération des déchets qui en contiennent contribue à leur diffusion dans notre écosystème en contaminant l’eau, l’air et la nourriture – 99 % des Français en ont dans leur corps.Une synthèse bibliographique réalisée par l’Institut national de l’environnement industriel et des risques (Ineris) en décembre 2023 et qui porte sur la dégradation thermique des Pfas par incinération précise qu’une température supérieure à 1 400 degrés Celsius garantit la minéralisation de tous les Pfas. Nous savons maintenant que la température moyenne d’incinération des ordures ménagères, située entre 750 et 1 100 degrés Celsius, ne permet pas cette minéralisation. Pire, cette chauffe insuffisante provoque la production de nouveaux Pfas.La France dispose actuellement de 126 incinérateurs, soit le parc le plus important d’Europe. Selon l’Agence de la transition écologique (Ademe), la capacité d’incinération française est suffisante. Malgré nos efforts pour réduire nos déchets, huit incinérateurs sont à l’état de projet, l’un d’entre eux en Charente. Ce projet, comme tant d’autres, est inutile et ne permettra pas la destruction des Pfas.Si mettre à niveau les incinérateurs actuels pour qu’ils atteignent la température de 1 400 degrés Celsius est impossible, il est indispensable que la construction de nouveaux équipements respecte cette contrainte. Le présent amendement apporte cette garantie : l’autorisation d’exploiter une nouvelle usine d’incinération sera délivrée à condition que l’incinération soit effectuée à une température supérieure à 1 400 degrés Celsius. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Dans le cas contraire, elle s’avérerait non seulement inutile, mais productrice de Pfas – donc dangereuse. Dans l’intérêt de la santé publique, je vous invite donc à voter cet amendement. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168",
   "date": "2024-04-04",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L16S2024IDS28204",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 avril 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.html",
   "archive": "debats_16.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168.xml",
   "source_sha256": "64ece185ffb97c8fe411be88b1fb23bbcf02075d182ddf3349f5011af58d19ae",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427516",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3427516"
   ],
   "order": 947,
   "text": "Ce sujet doit être étudié en détail, car les incinérateurs actuels ne peuvent probablement pas éliminer les Pfas. Cependant, comme nous souhaitons que cette proposition de loi bénéficie des apports de la navette parlementaire, je vous demande de retirer votre amendement. À défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3427419",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 947,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L16S2024O1N168-3427516",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N5f7ce0f02a4c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce sujet doit être étudié en détail, car les incinérateurs actuels ne peuvent probablement pas éliminer les Pfas. Cependant, comme nous souhaitons que cette proposition de loi bénéficie des apports de la navette parlementaire, je vous demande de retirer votre amendement. À défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29864",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.xml",
   "source_sha256": "4ab45f36d73ed1aa0bb89b223d6d2137c39837af7b35cee21a2e8656befe345b",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032-3886098",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3886098"
   ],
   "order": 693,
   "text": "Je suis très surpris de votre propos, qui n’a rien à voir avec l’exposé sommaire de l’amendement. Vous évoquez des cas de triche et des primes de 100 000 euros versées par des hôpitaux, alors que la disposition de la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale adoptée en février 2025 que l’amendement no 809 rectifié tend à supprimer permettait de simplifier grandement les démarches administratives des médecins en retraite qui reprennent du service et dont nos territoires ont besoin.En matière de cumul emploi-retraite des médecins, l’Assemblée avait adopté une mesure qui, selon la Caisse autonome de retraite des médecins de France, allait trop loin. En CMP – commission mixte paritaire –, un équilibre avait été trouvé pour éviter les effets d’aubaine et permettre une transition vers un régime simplifié.Celui-ci permet surtout d’alléger significativement la charge administrative des médecins quand ils doivent retravailler : les obligations administratives sont simplifiées, l’Urssaf est l’interlocuteur unique des praticiens et gère pour leur compte les formalités nécessaires à la création ou à la reprise d’une activité. Ces aides sont décisives pour les médecins volontaires souhaitant sortir de leur retraite.Vous affirmez dans l’exposé des motifs que le dispositif a pour seul effet de priver la sécurité sociale de recettes, mais je ne suis pas d’accord. Un médecin affilié au régime simplifié paiera 3 200 euros de cotisations, contre 3 300 euros pour le médecin au régime de droit commun : cette perte est très faible en comparaison des bénéfices que procure la simplification.Pour toutes ces raisons, j’émets un avis défavorable à cet amendement qui a été rejeté par la commission.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 5 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 5",
   "article_id": "3886862",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 693,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032-3886098",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 265,
   "annotation_id": "Nd206705d2535",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très surpris de votre propos, qui n’a rien à voir avec l’exposé sommaire de l’amendement. Vous évoquez des cas de triche et des primes de 100 000 euros versées par des hôpitaux, alors que la disposition de la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale adoptée en février 2025 que l’amendement no 809 rectifié tend à supprimer permettait de simplifier grandement les démarches administratives des médecins en retraite qui reprennent du service et dont nos territoires ont besoin.En matière de cumul emploi-retraite des médecins, l’Assemblée avait adopté une mesure qui, selon la Caisse autonome de retraite des médecins de France, allait trop loin. En CMP – commission mixte paritaire –, un équilibre avait été trouvé pour éviter les effets d’aubaine et permettre une transition vers un régime simplifié.Celui-ci permet surtout d’alléger significativement la charge administrative des médecins quand ils doivent retravailler : les obligations administratives sont simplifiées, l’Urssaf est l’interlocuteur unique des praticiens et gère pour leur compte les formalités nécessaires à la création ou à la reprise d’une activité. Ces aides sont décisives pour les médecins volontaires souhaitant sortir de leur retraite.Vous affirmez dans l’exposé des motifs que le dispositif a pour seul effet de priver la sécurité sociale de recettes, mais je ne suis pas d’accord. Un médecin affilié au régime simplifié paiera 3 200 euros de cotisations, contre 3 300 euros pour le médecin au régime de droit commun : cette perte est très faible en comparaison des bénéfices que procure la simplification.Pour toutes ces raisons, j’émets un avis défavorable à cet amendement qui a été rejeté par la commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29864",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.xml",
   "source_sha256": "4ab45f36d73ed1aa0bb89b223d6d2137c39837af7b35cee21a2e8656befe345b",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA873624",
   "speaker": "Jean-Pierre Farandou",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032-3886104",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3886104"
   ],
   "order": 699,
   "text": "On a besoin de médecins dans nos territoires, pour soigner les Françaises et les Français. Toutes les mesures qui permettent que leur nombre progresse me semblent donc aller dans le bon sens et l’esprit des mesures de cumul emploi-retraite des médecins est le bon.Votre amendement tend à abroger l’article 5 de la loi du 28 février 2025 de financement de la sécurité sociale, qui est relatif à l’extension du régime simplifié des professions médicales (RSPM), aux médecins en cumul emploi-retraite ainsi qu’aux médecins participant aux campagnes de vaccination, au motif de son inefficacité à améliorer l’accès aux soins.Les médecins en cumul emploi-retraite bénéficiaient déjà de ce dispositif lorsqu’ils faisaient des remplacements ou de la régulation. L’article que vous souhaitez abroger assouplit seulement les conditions de leur reprise de service et contribue ainsi au meilleur accès aux soins de nos concitoyens.En facilitant leurs démarches et en adaptant les prélèvements à la réalité de leur activité, cet article favorise l’engagement de praticiens expérimentés dans des zones où les besoins sont les plus forts. Ce dispositif a déjà permis à plusieurs centaines de médecins de renforcer temporairement les équipes locales ou de participer à la régulation et aux campagnes de prévention.Le RSPM n’institue pas une exonération de cotisations sociales, mais une simplification administrative, particulièrement adaptée aux médecins exerçant une activité réduite. Il s’agit donc d’un dispositif équilibré, incitatif et responsable du point de vue des finances sociales.La lutte contre les déserts médicaux est loin d’être terminée, mais les premiers résultats observés sont plutôt encourageants. La participation des médecins retraités progresse et les retours du terrain sont positifs.Pour ces raisons, je suis défavorable à votre amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 5 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 5",
   "article_id": "3886862",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 699,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032-3886104",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 272,
   "annotation_id": "Nabfaf626cd4c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "On a besoin de médecins dans nos territoires, pour soigner les Françaises et les Français. Toutes les mesures qui permettent que leur nombre progresse me semblent donc aller dans le bon sens et l’esprit des mesures de cumul emploi-retraite des médecins est le bon.Votre amendement tend à abroger l’article 5 de la loi du 28 février 2025 de financement de la sécurité sociale, qui est relatif à l’extension du régime simplifié des professions médicales (RSPM), aux médecins en cumul emploi-retraite ainsi qu’aux médecins participant aux campagnes de vaccination, au motif de son inefficacité à améliorer l’accès aux soins.Les médecins en cumul emploi-retraite bénéficiaient déjà de ce dispositif lorsqu’ils faisaient des remplacements ou de la régulation. L’article que vous souhaitez abroger assouplit seulement les conditions de leur reprise de service et contribue ainsi au meilleur accès aux soins de nos concitoyens.En facilitant leurs démarches et en adaptant les prélèvements à la réalité de leur activité, cet article favorise l’engagement de praticiens expérimentés dans des zones où les besoins sont les plus forts. Ce dispositif a déjà permis à plusieurs centaines de médecins de renforcer temporairement les équipes locales ou de participer à la régulation et aux campagnes de prévention.Le RSPM n’institue pas une exonération de cotisations sociales, mais une simplification administrative, particulièrement adaptée aux médecins exerçant une activité réduite. Il s’agit donc d’un dispositif équilibré, incitatif et responsable du point de vue des finances sociales.La lutte contre les déserts médicaux est loin d’être terminée, mais les premiers résultats observés sont plutôt encourageants. La participation des médecins retraités progresse et les retours du terrain sont positifs.Pour ces raisons, je suis défavorable à votre amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29864",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032.xml",
   "source_sha256": "4ab45f36d73ed1aa0bb89b223d6d2137c39837af7b35cee21a2e8656befe345b",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793616",
   "speaker": "Kévin Mauvieux",
   "quality": "M. Kévin Mauvieux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032-3886896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3886896"
   ],
   "order": 707,
   "text": "Je suis désolé, monsieur Boyard, mais, à gauche, vous souffrez bel et bien de taxomanie. Vous imposez des surcotisations parce que vous refusez que la TVA finance le système de protection sociale – c’est ce que vous m’avez répondu – mais, dans les deux cas, cela revient à taxer les Français, encore et toujours ! Or ils en ont assez et veulent que la pression fiscale baisse, pas qu’elle augmente.Le Rassemblement national l’a compris : nous sommes les seuls à proposer une baisse massive des dépenses pour soulager nos concitoyens et les entreprises.En outre, nous sommes opposés au principe même de cet amendement. Nous sommes tous d’accord pour reconnaître que le manque de médecins vient du fait qu’il n’y en a pas assez de formés. Mais, en attendant qu’ils le soient, nous refusons de dire aux Français que, pour des raisons purement démagogiques, ils vont être privés de médecins.Nous préférons inciter les médecins retraités à poursuivre leur activité, et contribuer ainsi à soutenir l’offre de soins, en les exonérant de charges, voire d’impôt sur le revenu. (M. Louis Boyard s’exclame.) Quel est notre objectif ? Maintenir les médecins en activité le plus longtemps possible, en attendant que les nouveaux prennent le relais.Nous refusons de punir les Français en leur retirant des médecins ; nous refusons de nous enfermer dans une logique où l’on taxe, où l’on charge, où l’on fait cotiser en permanence. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 5 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 5",
   "article_id": "3886862",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 707,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N032-3886896",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 240,
   "annotation_id": "N923d2fb1abf5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis désolé, monsieur Boyard, mais, à gauche, vous souffrez bel et bien de taxomanie. Vous imposez des surcotisations parce que vous refusez que la TVA finance le système de protection sociale – c’est ce que vous m’avez répondu – mais, dans les deux cas, cela revient à taxer les Français, encore et toujours ! Or ils en ont assez et veulent que la pression fiscale baisse, pas qu’elle augmente.Le [GROUPE] l’a compris : nous sommes les seuls à proposer une baisse massive des dépenses pour soulager nos concitoyens et les entreprises.En outre, nous sommes opposés au principe même de cet amendement. Nous sommes tous d’accord pour reconnaître que le manque de médecins vient du fait qu’il n’y en a pas assez de formés. Mais, en attendant qu’ils le soient, nous refusons de dire aux Français que, pour des raisons purement démagogiques, ils vont être privés de médecins.Nous préférons inciter les médecins retraités à poursuivre leur activité, et contribuer ainsi à soutenir l’offre de soins, en les exonérant de charges, voire d’impôt sur le revenu. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Quel est notre objectif ? Maintenir les médecins en activité le plus longtemps possible, en attendant que les nouveaux prennent le relais.Nous refusons de punir les Français en leur retirant des médecins ; nous refusons de nous enfermer dans une logique où l’on taxe, où l’on charge, où l’on fait cotiser en permanence. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30026",
   "title": "Première séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65aef1525708b347a528129520f26a2d036b3f98bdcd4b819a5c2b8834d48b1c",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3957339",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3957339"
   ],
   "order": 115,
   "text": "Tout le monde défend la sécu avec de belles paroles, mais personne ne propose de financement ! Votre problème, c’est qu’en fait, vous ne voulez pas de la sécu !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 8 bis A (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 8 bis A (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3956453",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 115,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3957339",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N867f86a3ba2e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tout le monde défend la sécu avec de belles paroles, mais personne ne propose de financement ! Votre problème, c’est qu’en fait, vous ne voulez pas de la sécu !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30026",
   "title": "Première séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65aef1525708b347a528129520f26a2d036b3f98bdcd4b819a5c2b8834d48b1c",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3957341",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3957341"
   ],
   "order": 117,
   "text": "Votre vision de la société, c’est que les plus riches pourront se soigner, payer l’hôpital et payer l’Ehpad plein pot.Je suis totalement contre ces amendements de suppression, car l’article a au moins le mérite de prendre à ceux qui ont le plus.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 8 bis A (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 8 bis A (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3956453",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 117,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3957341",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nb41b0fabc973",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre vision de la société, c’est que les plus riches pourront se soigner, payer l’hôpital et payer l’Ehpad plein pot.Je suis totalement contre ces amendements de suppression, car l’article a au moins le mérite de prendre à ceux qui ont le plus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30026",
   "title": "Première séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65aef1525708b347a528129520f26a2d036b3f98bdcd4b819a5c2b8834d48b1c",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795920",
   "speaker": "Prisca Thevenot",
   "quality": "Mme Prisca Thevenot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3957344",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3957344"
   ],
   "order": 120,
   "text": "Nous serons résolument pour ces amendements de suppression, puisque nous sommes résolument contre l’ouverture d’un débat sur une énième taxation.En l’occurrence, elle est assez étonnante. On discute à longueur de journée de la manière dont on pourrait partager la valeur au sein de l’entreprise, un sujet cher à nos collègues de gauche. L’intéressement, la participation, la prime Macron, dont je souligne le nom pour Mme la ministre…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 8 bis A (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 8 bis A (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3956453",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 120,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3957344",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "Nd80d9cc49156",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous serons résolument pour ces amendements de suppression, puisque nous sommes résolument contre l’ouverture d’un débat sur une énième taxation.En l’occurrence, elle est assez étonnante. On discute à longueur de journée de la manière dont on pourrait partager la valeur au sein de l’entreprise, un sujet cher à nos collègues de gauche. L’intéressement, la participation, la prime Macron, dont je souligne le nom pour Mme la ministre…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30026",
   "title": "Première séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3958087",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958087"
   ],
   "order": 1022,
   "text": "Oui, c’est bien dommage ! La Cour des comptes, donc, estime qu’il manque 7 milliards d’euros aux hôpitaux pour qu’ils fonctionnent. Que fait ce projet de financement de la sécurité sociale à ce sujet ? Rien.Vous avez en revanche pris des décisions financières. Qui va payer ? Les hôpitaux de ce pays, par l’intermédiaire de la taxe sur les salaires, votée avec les voix d’un Parti socialiste qui s’y opposait il y a encore deux semaines ! Pour un hôpital comme celui de Toulouse, elle représentera 60 millions d’euros l’année prochaine.Qui d’autre va payer ? Celles et ceux qui adhèrent à une mutuelle : leurs cotisations augmenteront de 2 % l’année prochaine.Qui ne paiera pas ? Les grands groupes pharmaceutiques. Les grandes fortunes. Les très hauts salaires.On a même proposé de faire cotiser ceux et celles qui gagnent 20 smics – 20 smics, un niveau stratosphérique –, mais ils et elles ne paieront pas.Vous parlez d’irritants, mais le sujet, ce n’est pas les irritants. Qu’avez-vous dit aux gens qui vous ont fait confiance ? Voilà la question à poser. Avez-vous dit à une seule personne dans ce pays qu’elle paierait, l’année prochaine, à la place des très riches ? Non ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Vous ne l’avez pas fait, mais vous vous apprêtez à le décider.Moi, je ne m’occupe pas d’irritants, mais d’un programme politique : abroger la réforme des retraites, instaurer le 100 % sécu, alimenter l’hôpital public ! Voilà l’engagement que nous avons pris auprès du pays… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Les députés du groupe LFI-NFP se lèvent pour applaudir ce dernier.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3958039",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1022,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3958087",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 278,
   "annotation_id": "N1a4653214369",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, c’est bien dommage ! La Cour des comptes, donc, estime qu’il manque 7 milliards d’euros aux hôpitaux pour qu’ils fonctionnent. Que fait ce projet de financement de la sécurité sociale à ce sujet ? Rien.Vous avez en revanche pris des décisions financières. Qui va payer ? Les hôpitaux de ce pays, par l’intermédiaire de la taxe sur les salaires, votée avec les voix d’un Parti [GROUPE] qui s’y opposait il y a encore deux semaines ! Pour un hôpital comme celui de Toulouse, elle représentera 60 millions d’euros l’année prochaine.Qui d’autre va payer ? Celles et ceux qui adhèrent à une mutuelle : leurs cotisations augmenteront de 2 % l’année prochaine.Qui ne paiera pas ? Les grands groupes pharmaceutiques. Les grandes fortunes. Les très hauts salaires.On a même proposé de faire cotiser ceux et celles qui gagnent 20 smics – 20 smics, un niveau stratosphérique –, mais ils et elles ne paieront pas.Vous parlez d’irritants, mais le sujet, ce n’est pas les irritants. Qu’avez-vous dit aux gens qui vous ont fait confiance ? Voilà la question à poser. Avez-vous dit à une seule personne dans ce pays qu’elle paierait, l’année prochaine, à la place des très riches ? Non ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Vous ne l’avez pas fait, mais vous vous apprêtez à le décider.Moi, je ne m’occupe pas d’irritants, mais d’un programme politique : abroger la réforme des retraites, instaurer le 100 % sécu, alimenter l’hôpital public ! Voilà l’engagement que nous avons pris auprès du pays… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent pour applaudir ce dernier.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30026",
   "title": "Première séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65aef1525708b347a528129520f26a2d036b3f98bdcd4b819a5c2b8834d48b1c",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3958096",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958096"
   ],
   "order": 1031,
   "text": "La France est une République indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale. Au cœur de cette République sociale – notre mètre étalon, notre boussole à nous, députés socialistes –, il y a la sécurité sociale, dont nous fêtons les 80 ans cette année.Pour partir des besoins et déterminer les moyens que nous affectons, il nous faut pouvoir examiner la troisième partie du PLFSS, qui est au cœur de nos préoccupations. C’est cette troisième partie qui fixera la manière dont nous répondons aux besoins de l’hôpital, aux besoins que suppose la prise en charge de l’autonomie dans les Ehpad, dans les services d’aide à domicile ou dans le cadre de l’accompagnement des personnes en situation de handicap.C’est aussi en examinant cette troisième partie que nous pourrons aborder les sujets relatifs à la retraite.En bref, sa discussion permettra de répondre aux enjeux de protection qui sont au cœur de la sécurité sociale.S’il fallait citer la première raison de voter cette deuxième partie, c’est…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3958039",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1031,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3958096",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 159,
   "annotation_id": "N0399e1776a61",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La France est une République indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale. Au cœur de cette République sociale – notre mètre étalon, notre boussole à nous, députés socialistes –, il y a la sécurité sociale, dont nous fêtons les 80 ans cette année.Pour partir des besoins et déterminer les moyens que nous affectons, il nous faut pouvoir examiner la troisième partie du PLFSS, qui est au cœur de nos préoccupations. C’est cette troisième partie qui fixera la manière dont nous répondons aux besoins de l’hôpital, aux besoins que suppose la prise en charge de l’autonomie dans les Ehpad, dans les services d’aide à domicile ou dans le cadre de l’accompagnement des personnes en situation de handicap.C’est aussi en examinant cette troisième partie que nous pourrons aborder les sujets relatifs à la retraite.En bref, sa discussion permettra de répondre aux enjeux de protection qui sont au cœur de la sécurité sociale.S’il fallait citer la première raison de voter cette deuxième partie, c’est…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30026",
   "title": "Première séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082.xml",
   "source_sha256": "65aef1525708b347a528129520f26a2d036b3f98bdcd4b819a5c2b8834d48b1c",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3958102",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958102"
   ],
   "order": 1037,
   "text": "…de débattre des dépenses de sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)Nous la voterons d’autant plus que nous revendiquons le compromis dont elle est le fruit. Ce compromis est nécessairement insatisfaisant pour les uns et les autres, mais nous avons pu, nous, députés socialistes, dégager des recettes, notamment avec l’engagement massif d’une compensation de l’État au budget de la sécurité sociale.Au moment d’examiner ces dépenses, nous avons désormais une marge de manœuvre – Mme la ministre l’a rappelé – et nous souhaitons l’employer dans un débat que les députés socialistes espèrent constructif. Constructifs comme ils l’ont eux-mêmes été pendant tout l’examen du PLFSS.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3958039",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1037,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N082-3958102",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 105,
   "annotation_id": "Nd71a9c356c38",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…de débattre des dépenses de sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous la voterons d’autant plus que nous revendiquons le compromis dont elle est le fruit. Ce compromis est nécessairement insatisfaisant pour les uns et les autres, mais nous avons pu, nous, députés socialistes, dégager des recettes, notamment avec l’engagement massif d’une compensation de l’État au budget de la sécurité sociale.Au moment d’examiner ces dépenses, nous avons désormais une marge de manœuvre – Mme la ministre l’a rappelé – et nous souhaitons l’employer dans un débat que les députés socialistes espèrent constructif. Constructifs comme ils l’ont eux-mêmes été pendant tout l’examen du PLFSS."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949810",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3949810"
   ],
   "order": 682,
   "text": "En première lecture, grâce au compromis, vous avez adopté la partie recettes du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) et la plupart des articles de sa troisième partie. Les débats, qui reprennent en nouvelle lecture, seront suivis de près par nos concitoyens, nos soignants et tous ceux attachés à notre modèle social. C’est pourquoi je souhaite revenir sur quelques mesures qui concernent leur quotidien et dont nous débattrons dans les prochains jours.En votant ce PLFSS, vous avez d’abord l’occasion d’améliorer la situation des hôpitaux. Au cours des débats, le gouvernement a pris ses responsabilités. Grâce à votre soutien, un amendement a été introduit pour majorer de 1 milliard d’euros l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam). L’intention est simple : donner plus de moyens là où les besoins sont les plus forts.Sur ce milliard, 850 millions sont dédiés aux hôpitaux afin d’y assurer des tarifs stables. Concrètement, les financements hospitaliers ne baisseront pas et permettront de couvrir l’activité. Au total, ce sont près de 2 milliards d’euros de crédits supplémentaires qui permettront d’accompagner l’évolution des charges des établissements et de soutenir l’activité hospitalière, alors même qu’elle retrouve enfin son niveau d’avant crise, notamment dans le secteur public – une très bonne nouvelle pour nos concitoyens. Si ce PLFSS est adopté, cela changera la donne pour les hôpitaux, les soignants et les patients.Je souhaite également rappeler que, parmi les 2 milliards évoqués, le texte initial prévoit 190 millions d’euros pour investir dans la formation et les ressources humaines à l’hôpital, afin de soutenir nos soignants et d’attirer de nouveaux talents.L’Ondam hospitalier prévoit en outre 65 millions d’euros de mesures nouvelles pour soutenir les actions en santé mentale. Nous mobilisons aussi des moyens pour l’offre de soins destinée aux personnes en situation de handicap, aux soins critiques, à la recherche et à l’innovation, à la lutte contre les cancers et les maladies neurodégénératives ainsi qu’aux soins palliatifs.Enfin, le PLFSS intègre une mesure importante pour soutenir les hôpitaux dans leur contribution à une meilleure efficience du système de santé.En votant ce PLFSS, vous avez ensuite l’occasion d’améliorer l’accès aux soins. D’abord, en revalorisant les rémunérations des professions de santé libérales : 750 millions d’euros sont prévus pour reconnaître leur engagement et leur rôle essentiel sur le terrain.La création et le déploiement du réseau France Santé, annoncé par le premier ministre, apporte deux progrès majeurs. Plus de lisibilité et de proximité : il permettra de structurer l’offre existante, de clarifier les parcours et de rendre l’accès aux soins réellement plus simple pour chacun. Un financement adapté aux réalités locales : chaque structure bénéficiera en moyenne de 50 000 euros pour renforcer sa capacité d’action et apporter des réponses concrètes aux besoins locaux.En votant ce PLFSS, vous pouvez aussi améliorer la place de la prévention. Ainsi de la vaccination obligatoire, de la santé des femmes avec la création d’une consultation longue pour les femmes sujettes à la ménopause, du renforcement des prises en charge des violences sexistes et sexuelles (VSS) et de la soumission chimique. Je pense également au projet très structurant de création d’un statut à destination des assurés en risque de développer des affections de longue durée (ALD), qui permettra la mise en place de nouveaux parcours préventifs pour éviter l’apparition ou l’aggravation de pathologies chroniques.En votant ce PLFSS, vous pouvez enfin améliorer la vie des familles, grâce à la création, très attendue, d’un congé de naissance supplémentaire et mieux rémunéré.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 682,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949810",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 572,
   "annotation_id": "N239a01702501",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "pour reconnaître leur engagement et leur rôle essentiel sur le terrain.La création et le déploiement du réseau France Santé, annoncé par le premier ministre, apporte deux progrès majeurs. Plus de lisibilité et de proximité : il permettra de structurer l’offre existante, de clarifier les parcours et de rendre l’accès aux soins réellement plus simple pour chacun. Un financement adapté aux réalités locales : chaque structure bénéficiera en moyenne de 50 000 euros pour renforcer sa capacité d’action et apporter des réponses concrètes aux besoins locaux.En votant ce PLFSS, vous pouvez aussi améliorer la place de la prévention. Ainsi de la vaccination obligatoire, de la santé des femmes avec la création d’une consultation longue pour les femmes sujettes à la ménopause, du renforcement des prises en charge des violences sexistes et sexuelles (VSS) et de la soumission chimique. Je pense également au projet très structurant de création d’un statut à destination des assurés en risque de développer des affections de longue durée (ALD), qui permettra la mise en place de nouveaux parcours préventifs pour éviter l’apparition ou l’aggravation de pathologies chroniques.En votant ce PLFSS, vous pouvez enfin améliorer la vie des familles, grâce à la création, très attendue, d’un congé de naissance"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
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   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
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   "text": "Il permettra aux parents de prolonger le temps dont ils disposent pour entrer dans la parentalité et construire avec leur enfant une relation de qualité dans les premiers mois de sa vie. C’est aussi une avancée concrète pour l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes.Au-delà de ces mesures, il nous faudra débattre, dans les semaines et les mois à venir, de l’évolution du financement de notre modèle social. L’enjeu est de renforcer notre efficience collective et de renforcer la protection des assurés. C’est pour nourrir ce débat que j’ai souhaité lancer une mission sur une meilleure articulation entre organismes complémentaires et assurance maladie.Pour l’avenir de notre modèle social et pour introduire des avancées dans le quotidien des Français, il vaut mieux un budget que pas de budget du tout. Le compromis est entre vos mains. Le gouvernement sera là pour vous accompagner sur ce chemin. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
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   "analysis_text": "Il permettra aux parents de prolonger le temps dont ils disposent pour entrer dans la parentalité et construire avec leur enfant une relation de qualité dans les premiers mois de sa vie. C’est aussi une avancée concrète pour l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes.Au-delà de ces mesures, il nous faudra débattre, dans les semaines et les mois à venir, de l’évolution du financement de notre modèle social. L’enjeu est de renforcer notre efficience collective et de renforcer la protection des assurés. C’est pour nourrir ce débat que j’ai souhaité lancer une mission sur une meilleure articulation entre organismes complémentaires et assurance maladie.Pour l’avenir de notre modèle social et pour introduire des avancées dans le quotidien des Français, il vaut mieux un budget que pas de budget du tout. Le compromis est entre vos mains. Le gouvernement sera là pour vous accompagner sur ce chemin. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
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   "speaker": "Jean-Pierre Farandou",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949891",
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   "order": 701,
   "text": "…qui est décisive pour obtenir la stabilité voulue par les Françaises et les Français, dont des chefs d’entreprise qui attendent avant d’investir et d’embaucher.Ce qui se joue maintenant, c’est le redressement des comptes de la sécurité sociale. Il faut être clair sur un point : si nous ne parvenons pas à une copie commune pour financer le système de sécurité sociale, son déficit s’aggravera inexorablement, pour atteindre 29 milliards d’euros. Ainsi seront posées les bases d’une crise de trésorerie majeure, qui compromettra son avenir. Nous ne devons pas mettre en danger la sécurité sociale, l’année de ses 80 ans. Le compromis majoritaire est une nécessité absolue pour éviter cette crise : c’est notre seul moyen pour faire adopter le budget de la sécurité sociale pour 2026.Nous avons entendu les réactions qu’ont suscitées chez vous les mesures relatives aux retraites. Nous sommes à l’écoute de vos propositions au sujet du périmètre du gel des pensions et des minima sociaux. Vous aviez rejeté le principe d’une année blanche en première lecture, mais le Sénat a rouvert le débat, tout en excluant du gel les retraites inférieures à 1 400 euros brut par mois. Des options intermédiaires ont été proposées par plusieurs groupes parlementaires et peuvent encore être discutées. Il s’agit d’équilibrer l’effort budgétaire et de faire participer les retraités qui le peuvent à l’effort général. Ce PLFSS contient également des mesures en faveur de la retraite des femmes qui ont eu des enfants. À ce sujet, les deux chambres du Parlement sont d’accord pour réduire l’écart entre les pensions des hommes et celles des femmes, preuve que le consensus est possible et que l’intérêt général peut et doit l’emporter.Vous aurez également à examiner l’article 39, qui tend à assurer une meilleure reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles. Le temps nous avait manqué pour en parler ici en première lecture, alors même que les mesures prévues par cet article font l’objet d’un consensus et qu’elles marquent un progrès social.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, les positions du gouvernement ont évolué au fil de l’examen du texte ; les vôtres aussi. Le compromis majoritaire est possible. La copie finale sur laquelle vous voterez sera celle du Parlement et non celle du gouvernement. Aussi, voter ce budget, ce n’est pas voter le soutien au gouvernement, c’est voter pour la sécurité sociale.La suspension de la réforme des retraites de 2023 sera un marqueur fort du texte. Le débat sur une suspension jusqu’au 1er janvier 2028 est utile ; le lancement de la conférence sur le travail et les retraites constitue la première étape du dialogue social. Il faut dire clairement les choses : la proposition du gouvernement a ravivé l’espoir de trouver des solutions grâce à ce dialogue. Les partenaires sociaux sont prêts à travailler ensemble et tiennent des pistes très concrètes d’amélioration des conditions de travail et de l’égalité entre femmes et hommes, de prise en compte de la pénibilité, de gestion des fins de carrière et de développement de l’emploi des jeunes et des seniors.Nous ne perdons pas de temps sur ce sujet crucial pour la vie des Françaises et des Français, puisque nous réunirons les partenaires sociaux dès ce vendredi au Conseil économique, social et environnemental (Cese), pour la grande réunion plénière d’ouverture de la conférence. La démocratie sociale joue pleinement son rôle.Je le disais en introduction de mon propos : cette nouvelle lecture est une seconde chance qu’il faut saisir. Le compromis est toujours le chemin le plus difficile. Bâtir des convergences suppose de sortir des logiques de bloc contre bloc, du tout ou rien, selon lesquelles chacun campe sur ses positions et est plus attentif à ce qu’il cède qu’à ce qu’il gagne. Nous devons réussir. Il n’y a pas de solution alternative, il n’y a pas de plan B, pas de loi spéciale pour la sécurité sociale. Bâtir un compromis et, finalement, ne pas voter le budget de la sécurité sociale, c’est comme bâtir sa maison sans vouloir y habiter. À quoi bon se battre pour améliorer le texte, en gommer les aspérités, revendiquer des évolutions positives, si, en définitive, c’est pour ne pas le voter ?Je ne vous demande pas un vote de soutien au gouvernement, mais il faut que l’Assemblée nationale se rassemble le temps d’un vote, pour le budget de la sécurité sociale. C’est dans cet état d’esprit que je suis venu ouvrir la discussion parlementaire aujourd’hui, avec mes collègues ministres. Je sais que vous êtes nombreuses et nombreux ici à partager notre volonté de dialogue au service de l’intérêt général. Le compromis majoritaire est à votre portée. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "analysis_text": "…qui est décisive pour obtenir la stabilité voulue par les Françaises et les Français, dont des chefs d’entreprise qui attendent avant d’investir et d’embaucher.Ce qui se joue maintenant, c’est le redressement des comptes de la sécurité sociale. Il faut être clair sur un point : si nous ne parvenons pas à une copie commune pour financer le système de sécurité sociale, son déficit s’aggravera inexorablement, pour atteindre 29 milliards d’euros. Ainsi seront posées les bases d’une crise de trésorerie majeure, qui compromettra son avenir. Nous ne devons pas mettre en danger la sécurité sociale, l’année de ses 80 ans. Le compromis majoritaire est une nécessité absolue pour éviter cette crise : c’est notre seul moyen pour faire adopter le budget de la sécurité sociale pour 2026.Nous avons entendu les réactions qu’ont suscitées chez vous les mesures relatives aux retraites. Nous sommes à l’écoute de vos propositions au sujet du périmètre du gel des pensions et des minima sociaux. Vous aviez rejeté le principe d’une année blanche en première lecture, mais le Sénat a rouvert le débat, tout en excluant du gel les retraites inférieures à 1 400 euros brut par mois. Des options intermédiaires ont été proposées par plusieurs groupes parlementaires et peuvent encore être discutées. Il s’agit d’équilibrer l’effort budgétaire et de faire participer les retraités qui le peuvent à l’effort général. Ce PLFSS contient également des mesures en faveur de la retraite des femmes qui ont eu des enfants. À ce sujet, les deux chambres du Parlement sont d’accord pour réduire l’écart entre les pensions des hommes et celles des femmes, preuve que le consensus est possible et que l’intérêt général peut et doit l’emporter.Vous aurez également à examiner l’article 39, qui tend à assurer une meilleure reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles. Le temps nous avait manqué pour en parler ici en première lecture, alors même que les mesures prévues par cet article font l’objet d’un consensus et qu’elles marquent un progrès social.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, les positions du gouvernement ont évolué au fil de l’examen du texte ; les vôtres aussi. Le compromis majoritaire est possible. La copie finale sur laquelle vous voterez sera celle du Parlement et non celle du gouvernement. Aussi, voter ce budget, ce n’est pas voter le soutien au gouvernement, c’est voter pour la sécurité sociale.La suspension de la réforme des retraites de 2023 sera un marqueur fort du texte. Le débat sur une suspension jusqu’au 1er janvier 2028 est utile ; le lancement de la conférence sur le travail et les retraites constitue la première étape du dialogue social. Il faut dire clairement les choses : la proposition du gouvernement a ravivé l’espoir de trouver des solutions grâce à ce dialogue. Les partenaires sociaux sont prêts à travailler ensemble et tiennent des pistes très concrètes d’amélioration des conditions de travail et de l’égalité entre femmes et hommes, de prise en compte de la pénibilité, de gestion des fins de carrière et de développement de l’emploi des jeunes et des seniors.Nous ne perdons pas de temps sur ce sujet crucial pour la vie des Françaises et des Français, puisque nous réunirons les partenaires sociaux dès ce vendredi au Conseil économique, social et environnemental (Cese), pour la grande réunion plénière d’ouverture de la conférence. La démocratie sociale joue pleinement son rôle.Je le disais en introduction de mon propos : cette nouvelle lecture est une seconde chance qu’il faut saisir. Le compromis est toujours le chemin le plus difficile. Bâtir des convergences suppose de sortir des logiques de bloc contre bloc, du tout ou rien, selon lesquelles chacun campe sur ses positions et est plus attentif à ce qu’il cède qu’à ce qu’il gagne. Nous devons réussir. Il n’y a pas de solution alternative, il n’y a pas de plan B, pas de loi spéciale pour la sécurité sociale. Bâtir un compromis et, finalement, ne pas voter le budget de la sécurité sociale, c’est comme bâtir sa maison sans vouloir y habiter. À quoi bon se battre pour améliorer le texte, en gommer les aspérités, revendiquer des évolutions positives, si, en définitive, c’est pour ne pas le voter ?Je ne vous demande pas un vote de soutien au gouvernement, mais il faut que l’Assemblée nationale se rassemble le temps d’un vote, pour le budget de la sécurité sociale. C’est dans cet état d’esprit que je suis venu ouvrir la discussion parlementaire aujourd’hui, avec mes collègues ministres. Je sais que vous êtes nombreuses et nombreux ici à partager notre volonté de dialogue au service de l’intérêt général. Le compromis majoritaire est à votre portée. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
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  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
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   "order": 711,
   "text": "Nous ouvrons aujourd’hui une nouvelle lecture décisive du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. Décisive, parce que nous entrons dans la phase la plus importante, celle lors de laquelle peut se construire un vote inédit dans cette assemblée. Un vote de toutes les forces politiques qui veulent travailler pour la santé des Français et pour notre sécurité sociale, ici et maintenant, au-delà de leurs différences – pour que 2026 ne soit pas une année d’inaction et de chaos social, une perspective devant laquelle les extrêmes des deux bords se frottent déjà les mains à l’approche de la campagne de 2027.C’est dans les jours qui viennent que se jouera la capacité de ce texte à rassembler ces forces, non pas par un vote d’adhésion intégrale – ce texte de compromis est par nature imparfait pour chacun –, mais par responsabilité – par devoir, devrais-je même dire – partagée au service de tous.Vous avez les moyens de préserver notre protection sociale. Si aucun budget n’est adoptable, si aucun compromis n’émerge ou si ce compromis se fait au prix de l’abandon de toute ambition pour nos comptes sociaux, la protection sociale des Français ne sera financée que par la dette. Ce serait alors tourner le dos au principe fondateur énoncé en 1945 : celui d’une dette sociale qui n’est acceptable que si elle est temporaire. Personne ne veut, dans ce pays, d’une sécurité sociale fragilisée durablement. Hors période de crise, la sécurité sociale a été conçue pour être à l’équilibre et la trajectoire de redressement de nos finances publiques, dans leur ensemble, n’est possible à moyen terme qu’avec une sécurité sociale à l’équilibre.Ce que nous demandent les Français et toutes celles et tous ceux qui sont attachés à ce modèle social, c’est que nous puissions bâtir ici un texte de compromis, qui permettra à chacun, par sens des responsabilités, de voter ce texte en fin de semaine. Un texte qui préserve l’essentiel, qui garantit la soutenabilité de notre modèle social et qui laisse à celles et ceux qui nous succéderont la liberté de faire encore des choix qui n’auront pas été rendus impossibles par l’accumulation de déficits insoutenables.Je souhaite que nous gardions le cap que nous nous étions fixé en première lecture : celui d’un déficit de la sécurité sociale, avant mesures de transfert, contenu autour de 20 milliards d’euros. C’est peu ou prou l’équilibre du texte transmis par le Sénat et dont vous n’étiez pas très éloignés à l’issue de la première lecture, si on neutralise l’effet des mesures de transfert votées en faveur de l’Unedic et des départements. Je le dis avec beaucoup de solennité : cet objectif n’est pas inatteignable. Il suppose, de la part de l’ensemble de cet hémicycle, d’accepter des mesures de redressement dans le domaine des recettes – nous débattrons de la contribution des revenus du capital et des compléments de salaire – et des mesures de redressement dans celui des dépenses – je pense à la régulation du système de santé et à l’évolution des prestations sociales.Sans compromis et sans budget de la sécurité sociale, nous n’aurions pas les moyens de créer de nouveaux droits et, partant, de tenir la promesse républicaine de progrès social à laquelle nous sommes tous et toutes attachés. Sans ce PLFSS, il n’y aurait pas de moyens nouveaux pour l’hôpital, comme l’a dit Stéphanie Rist, et l’Ondam hospitalier ne progresserait pas de 3,2 %, soit de 3,4 milliards d’euros. Il n’y aurait pas de nouveaux investissements structurants, de renforcement des effectifs dans les Ehpad, de nouvelles solutions dans le champ du handicap et de moyens nouveaux pour développer l’habitat intermédiaire au bénéfice de nos aînés.Sans compromis et sans PLFSS, de nouveaux droits ne pourraient pas être ouverts. Sans devancer le résultat de vos votes, je pense à ce que le compromis que vous pourriez construire aurait de nouveau et de positif.De nouveau et de positif pour le parcours de prévention devant permettre de réduire le risque de maladies chroniques.De nouveau et de positif avec le nouveau congé de naissance.De nouveau et de positif avec la consultation longue pour les femmes de 45 à 65 ans.De nouveau et de positif grâce à l’amélioration des droits à la retraite des femmes, pour mieux prendre en compte les conséquences de la maternité sur les carrières.Sans PLFSS, les heures supplémentaires dans les entreprises de plus de 250 salariés ne pourront pas être éligibles à déduction forfaitaire de cotisations patronales.Sans PLFSS, l’application de la loi pour le développement économique des outre-mer (Lodeom) ne pourrait pas être étendue à Mayotte dès juillet 2026.Sans PLFSS, la situation des conjoints collaborateurs agricoles devenant chefs d’exploitation ne pourra pas être améliorée.Sans PLFSS, c’est la promesse du réseau France Santé pour lutter contre les déserts médicaux qui ne pourra être tenue.Sans PLFSS, ce sont les nombreuses réformes d’organisation qui doivent permettre un meilleur fonctionnement du système de sécurité sociale qui ne pourront pas être appliquées. Je pense au renforcement de la politique vaccinale, à la réforme pour une adéquation des financements aux parcours des personnes handicapées dans les services et les établissements (Serafin-PH) – qui doit permettre une meilleure allocation des moyens dans le champ du handicap –, à la simplification des procédures de reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles ou encore à la réforme de la sécurité sociale des artistes auteurs.Sans PLFSS, ce sont aussi des mesures importantes pour la solidité financière et le financement des hôpitaux, pour les soignants, pour les retraités, pour les familles, qui ne pourraient pas voir le jour. La hausse du plafond d’endettement de l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale (Acoss) ou le transfert vers la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale (Cades) ne pourraient pas être appliqués. Les compensations entre l’État et la sécurité sociale, sujet dont nous avons longuement parlé, ne pourraient pas évoluer.Sans PLFSS, et sans PLFSS de compromis, nous ne pourrions pas engager les réformes d’efficience indispensables et qui sont soutenues, ici, par une majorité d’entre vous. Celles-ci concernent la lutte contre les rentes dans certaines spécialités – notamment la radiothérapie –, l’encadrement de certains dépassements d’honoraires qui pèsent sur les ménages, les mécanismes de régulation du médicament – pour donner une meilleure prévisibilité aux acteurs tout en renforçant la contribution de l’industrie pharmaceutique, avec près de 1,6 milliard d’euros de baisses de prix –, la lutte contre le gaspillage des produits de santé, la substitution des biosimilaires et des génériques, la réforme du cumul emploi-retraite des professionnels de santé, le renforcement du recouvrement social et la lutte contre la fraude.Enfin, sans PLFSS voté, l’âge de départ à la retraite sera automatiquement et très mécaniquement décalé d’un trimestre l’année prochaine.Le premier ministre a pris ici l’engagement de laisser le Parlement débattre. Les débats ont eu lieu. Nous avions pris l’engagement de tenir des débats ouverts et nous l’avons respecté.Il vous revient de construire ensemble un compromis, pour aller au vote. Un texte déséquilibré, illisible ou irresponsable ne doit pas être voté. Mais un texte qui fédère une majorité, bien qu’il ne soit idéal pour personne, doit être voté. Nous ne vous demandons pas une adhésion immédiate, nous ne vous demandons pas de vous prononcer par oui ou par non maintenant. Nous vous proposons de travailler pendant une semaine à trouver le chemin du compromis. En le suivant, vous pourrez voter, à l’issue de nos débats, un texte soutenable, juste et qui préserve la capacité des générations futures à choisir leur modèle social.Construire le compromis, c’est accepter que chaque vote compte dans l’équilibre général : à la fin des débats, c’est bien l’ensemble du texte qui doit recueillir une majorité.J’ai suivi avec attention les débats de la commission des affaires sociales. À compter d’aujourd’hui, plus de « tirs à blanc », selon l’expression de son président, et plus de « tour de chauffe ». J’en appelle donc à votre sens des responsabilités et à l’attachement commun à notre sécurité sociale – je l’ai mesuré lors de nos débats – pour travailler ensemble.C’est dans cet esprit que le premier ministre a pris d’emblée devant vous des engagements forts sur les retraites, les minima sociaux, l’hôpital et l’évolution de l’année blanche – autrement appelée année de stabilité.Lors les prochains jours et les prochaines nuits que nous passerons dans cet hémicycle, Jean-Pierre Farandou, Stéphanie Rist, Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq et moi n’aurons qu’une seule responsabilité. Celle de travailler à préserver notre modèle social, pour que les Français d’aujourd’hui continuent d’en bénéficier et pour que ceux de demain puissent en bénéficier à leur tour.Avec mes collègues du gouvernement et sous l’autorité du premier ministre, je veux y travailler avec vous tous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 711,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949908",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 1436,
   "annotation_id": "N471d2be24a92",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "dans celui des dépenses – je pense à la régulation du système de santé et à l’évolution des prestations sociales.Sans compromis et sans budget de la sécurité sociale, nous n’aurions pas les moyens de créer de nouveaux droits et, partant, de tenir la promesse républicaine de progrès social à laquelle nous sommes tous et toutes attachés. Sans ce PLFSS, il n’y aurait pas de moyens nouveaux pour l’hôpital, comme l’a dit [PERSONNE], et l’Ondam hospitalier ne progresserait pas de 3,2 %, soit de 3,4 milliards d’euros. Il n’y aurait pas de nouveaux investissements structurants, de renforcement des effectifs dans les Ehpad, de nouvelles solutions dans le champ du handicap et de moyens nouveaux pour développer l’habitat intermédiaire au bénéfice de nos aînés.Sans compromis et sans PLFSS, de nouveaux droits ne pourraient pas être ouverts. Sans devancer le résultat de vos votes, je pense à ce que le compromis que vous pourriez construire aurait de nouveau et de positif.De nouveau et de positif pour le parcours de prévention devant permettre de réduire le risque de maladies chroniques.De nouveau et de positif avec le nouveau congé de naissance.De nouveau et de positif avec la consultation longue pour les femmes de 45 à 65 […] 250 salariés ne pourront pas être éligibles à déduction forfaitaire de cotisations patronales.Sans PLFSS, l’application de la loi pour le développement économique des outre-mer (Lodeom) ne pourrait pas être étendue à Mayotte dès juillet 2026.Sans PLFSS, la situation des conjoints collaborateurs agricoles devenant chefs d’exploitation ne pourra pas être améliorée.Sans PLFSS, c’est la promesse du réseau France Santé pour lutter contre les déserts médicaux qui ne pourra être tenue.Sans PLFSS, ce sont les nombreuses réformes d’organisation qui doivent permettre un meilleur fonctionnement du système de sécurité sociale qui ne pourront pas être appliquées. Je pense au renforcement de la politique vaccinale, à la réforme pour une adéquation des financements aux parcours des personnes handicapées dans les services et les établissements (Serafin-PH) – qui doit permettre une meilleure allocation des moyens dans le champ du handicap –, à la simplification des procédures de reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles ou encore à la réforme de la sécurité sociale des artistes auteurs.Sans PLFSS, ce sont aussi des mesures importantes pour la solidité financière et le financement des hôpitaux, pour les soignants, pour les retraités, pour les familles, qui ne pourraient pas voir le jour. La hausse du plafond d’endettement de l’Agence centrale des organismes de"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée chargée de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950331",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950331"
   ],
   "order": 738,
   "text": "Nous commençons la nouvelle lecture d’un texte essentiel. Concrètement, malgré un contexte budgétaire contraint, ce PLFSS contient 1,5 milliard d’euros de moyens supplémentaires pour l’autonomie. Dans le détail, à destination de nos concitoyens en situation de handicap, cela représente 250 millions d’euros pour créer 7 000 nouvelles solutions dans le cadre du plan 50 000 solutions ; 360 millions pour cette réforme structurelle qu’est le projet Serafin-PH afin de mieux accompagner la transformation des établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux ; 28 millions au soutien de la stratégie pour les maladies neurodégénératives ; mais c’est aussi le déploiement de la guidance parentale pour mieux accompagner les familles des enfants en situation de handicap.Par ailleurs, 260 millions d’euros sont prévus pour recruter 4 500 professionnels supplémentaires en Ehpad, poursuivre les créations de places de service de soins infirmiers à domicile (Ssiad) et renforcer les centres de ressources territoriaux ; 110 millions pour l’expérimentation de la fusion des sections soins et dépendance au sein du budget des Ehpad dans 23 départements ; 100 millions pour l’habitat partagé, qui permettront la création de 10 000 places supplémentaires afin d’offrir une vraie alternative entre le maintien à domicile et l’entrée en Ehpad ; et enfin 300 millions à destination des établissements médico-sociaux pour faire face à l’inflation et garantir la continuité de l’accompagnement.L’enjeu est simple : sans ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, aucune de ces nouvelles mesures attendues par le secteur ne verra le jour ; il n’y aura pas de professionnels supplémentaires dans les Ehpad, pas de nouvelles solutions pour les personnes handicapées, bref pas de réponses à des besoins pressants.Ce texte indispensable ne sera pas celui du gouvernement ni d’un seul groupe. Il ne peut être que le fruit d’un compromis. Le gouvernement est pleinement mobilisé pour y parvenir avec vous. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 738,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950331",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 312,
   "annotation_id": "N6909e3157fef",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous commençons la nouvelle lecture d’un texte essentiel. Concrètement, malgré un contexte budgétaire contraint, ce PLFSS contient 1,5 milliard d’euros de moyens supplémentaires pour l’autonomie. Dans le détail, à destination de nos concitoyens en situation de handicap, cela représente 250 millions d’euros pour créer 7 000 nouvelles solutions dans le cadre du plan 50 000 solutions ; 360 millions pour cette réforme structurelle qu’est le projet Serafin-PH afin de mieux accompagner la transformation des établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux ; 28 millions au soutien de la stratégie pour les maladies neurodégénératives ; mais c’est aussi le déploiement de la guidance parentale pour mieux accompagner les familles des enfants en situation de handicap.Par ailleurs, 260 millions d’euros sont prévus pour recruter 4 500 professionnels supplémentaires en Ehpad, poursuivre les créations de places de service de soins infirmiers à domicile (Ssiad) et renforcer les centres de ressources territoriaux ; 110 millions pour l’expérimentation de la fusion des sections soins et dépendance au sein du budget des Ehpad dans 23 départements ; 100 millions pour l’habitat partagé, qui permettront la création de 10 000 places supplémentaires afin d’offrir une vraie alternative entre le maintien à domicile et l’entrée en Ehpad ; et enfin 300 millions à destination des établissements médico-sociaux pour faire face à l’inflation et garantir la continuité de l’accompagnement.L’enjeu est simple : sans ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, aucune de ces nouvelles mesures attendues par le secteur ne verra le jour ; il n’y aura pas de professionnels supplémentaires dans les Ehpad, pas de nouvelles solutions pour les personnes handicapées, bref pas de réponses à des besoins pressants.Ce texte indispensable ne sera pas celui du gouvernement ni d’un seul groupe. Il ne peut être que le fruit d’un compromis. Le gouvernement est pleinement mobilisé pour y parvenir avec vous. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949581",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3949581"
   ],
   "order": 822,
   "text": "Pour négocier, il faut parler à des ministres de la République, pas à des interlocuteurs qui mentent de façon pathologique et portent la procuration de toute la bourgeoisie française. Les engagements pris dans cet hémicycle ont été systématiquement rompus quelques heures plus tard. Vous avez déclaré respecter les votes ; c’est faux. Ainsi, alors que nous nous sommes battus, avec les pharmaciens, pour sauver le plafond de remise sur les médicaments génériques, qui leur permet de dégager des revenus suffisants pour survivre.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 822,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949581",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Nd0d4d2bfb759",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour négocier, il faut parler à des ministres de la République, pas à des interlocuteurs qui mentent de façon pathologique et portent la procuration de toute la bourgeoisie française. Les engagements pris dans cet hémicycle ont été systématiquement rompus quelques heures plus tard. Vous avez déclaré respecter les votes ; c’est faux. Ainsi, alors que nous nous sommes battus, avec les pharmaciens, pour sauver le plafond de remise sur les médicaments génériques, qui leur permet de dégager des revenus suffisants pour survivre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949583",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3949583"
   ],
   "order": 824,
   "text": "Le gouvernement a déposé un amendement pour supprimer ce plafond. Vous dites que c’est vous qui l’avez sauvé, or c’est le gouvernement que vous soutenez qui en demande la suppression ! Lisez au moins ce que vous faites, à défaut de le comprendre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur quelques bancs du groupe GDR.)Autre exemple. L’hiver dernier, la ministre de la santé, Mme Vautrin – ex-ex-ex-ministre de la santé, pour ceux qui suivent –, proposait un deal aux entreprises pharmaceutiques : si vous baissez le prix des médicaments, vous ne paierez que 1,6 milliard d’euros d’impôt au titre de la clause de sauvegarde, spécifique au secteur. La même ministre, en juin, annonce qu’elle n’est pas parvenue à un accord. Pourtant, vous leur signez le chèque ! Lorsqu’on négocie aussi mal, il faut arrêter ! Vos enfants sont sans doute contents, cela n’a pas l’air difficile d’obtenir de l’argent de poche avec vous ; mais en l’espèce, il s’agit de nos impôts qui filent dans les caisses du patronat pharmaceutique.Le bilan est connu : des pénuries générales de médicaments, qui ne sont pas dues aux très petites entreprises (TPE). Il manque actuellement du Praluent, pour les personnes à risque cardiaque, ou du Rifater, contre la tuberculose, tous deux produits par Sanofi – une entreprise qui préfère gaspiller 5 milliards d’euros en dividendes versés aux actionnaires plutôt que de faire son boulot : produire des médicaments qui soignent. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Il faut donc s’extraire d’un débat pourri sur l’industrie pharmaceutique, consistant à se demander si on doit la gaver ou l’arroser. Ni l’un, ni l’autre : il faut créer un pôle public du médicament. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Voyez ce qui se fait aux États-Unis, où une centaine d’hôpitaux se sont associés de façon coopérative et non lucrative pour fabriquer eux-mêmes des médicaments. Regardez le Brésil, où le gouvernement, par une fondation publique, produit des médicaments génériques et des vaccins. Ces pays n’arrosent pas des multinationales qui délocalisent ou dorlotent des actionnaires ; ils paient eux-mêmes les lignes de production, recrutent des chercheurs, des ouvriers et des techniciens, pour fabriquer ce dont ils ont besoin.Avec tout votre passif, vous osez encore présenter un texte budgétaire dont la moitié des dispositions dépendent d’un décret – c’est-à-dire de ce que vous déciderez vous-mêmes, dans des alcôves, derrière des rideaux. Taxe sur les médicaments ? Par décret, à la main de la ministre. Durée des arrêts de travail ? Par décret, à la main du ministre. Niveau des cotisations sociales ? À la main des ministres. Réforme du budget des établissements médico-sociaux ? Par décret, à la main des ministres. Vous devez comprendre que nous n’avons pas confiance en vous : même lorsqu’on vous serre la main, on recompte nos doigts ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 824,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949583",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 475,
   "annotation_id": "Nf157d63aa4e8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "plutôt que de faire son boulot : produire des médicaments qui soignent. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Il faut donc s’extraire d’un débat pourri sur l’industrie pharmaceutique, consistant à se demander si on doit la gaver ou l’arroser. Ni l’un, ni l’autre : il faut créer un pôle public du médicament. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Voyez ce qui se fait aux États-Unis, où une centaine d’hôpitaux se sont associés de façon coopérative et non lucrative pour fabriquer eux-mêmes des médicaments. Regardez le Brésil, où le gouvernement, par une fondation publique, produit des médicaments génériques et des vaccins. Ces pays n’arrosent pas des multinationales qui délocalisent ou dorlotent des actionnaires ; ils paient eux-mêmes les lignes de production, recrutent des chercheurs, des ouvriers et des techniciens, pour fabriquer ce dont ils ont besoin.Avec tout votre passif, vous osez encore présenter un texte budgétaire dont la moitié des dispositions dépendent d’un décret – c’est-à-dire de ce que vous déciderez vous-mêmes, dans des alcôves, derrière des rideaux. Taxe sur les médicaments ? Par décret, à la main de la ministre. Durée des arrêts de travail ? Par décret, à la main du ministre. Niveau des cotisations sociales ? À la"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949589",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3949589"
   ],
   "order": 830,
   "text": "Nous n’allons donc pas confier à vos décrets l’ensemble des choix important du pays ni mettre nos compatriotes à votre discrétion, soumis à votre arbitraire et à vos choix personnels.Au contraire, la journée réservée au groupe La France insoumise, le 27 novembre, a montré que la victoire politique ne dépendait pas de magouilles de salon, mais de la mobilisation déterminée au-dehors et de la lutte implacable ici. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 830,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3949589",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "Nc114cf8dc833",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous n’allons donc pas confier à vos décrets l’ensemble des choix important du pays ni mettre nos compatriotes à votre discrétion, soumis à votre arbitraire et à vos choix personnels.Au contraire, la journée réservée au groupe [GROUPE], le 27 novembre, a montré que la victoire politique ne dépendait pas de magouilles de salon, mais de la mobilisation déterminée au-dehors et de la lutte implacable ici. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950125",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950125"
   ],
   "order": 872,
   "text": "…mais aussi la création des maisons France Santé qui doivent améliorer l’accès aux soins. En rejetant le texte, nous écarterions d’office, sans discussion, tous ces dispositifs.Je pourrais aussi citer l’exemple de la maladie d’Alzheimer – le groupe d’étude Alzheimer et maladies neurodégénératives s’est réuni ce matin – à laquelle le PLFSS pour 2026 prévoit de consacrer 28 millions d’euros. Si le PLFSS n’est pas voté, ces sommes ne seront pas versées. (M. Stéphane Mazars applaudit.)Nous devons nous saisir de cette seconde chance et ne pas renoncer. Je reste convaincu qu’un accord est possible à la fin de la semaine à condition que nous acceptions le débat. C’est pourquoi le groupe Ensemble pour la République votera contre cette motion de rejet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 872,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950125",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 134,
   "annotation_id": "Nc51fb344e5eb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…mais aussi la création des maisons France Santé qui doivent améliorer l’accès aux soins. En rejetant le texte, nous écarterions d’office, sans discussion, tous ces dispositifs.Je pourrais aussi citer l’exemple de la maladie d’Alzheimer – le groupe d’étude Alzheimer et maladies neurodégénératives s’est réuni ce matin – à laquelle le PLFSS pour 2026 prévoit de consacrer 28 millions d’euros. Si le PLFSS n’est pas voté, ces sommes ne seront pas versées. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Nous devons nous saisir de cette seconde chance et ne pas renoncer. Je reste convaincu qu’un accord est possible à la fin de la semaine à condition que nous acceptions le débat. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] votera contre cette motion de rejet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet (LFI-NFP)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950130",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950130"
   ],
   "order": 877,
   "text": "Pourquoi avons-nous été élus ? Nous avons été élus pour stopper la folie macroniste qui affaiblit l’État et la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Nous avons aussi été élus pour éviter l’autre folie : celle qui veut nous faire croire que l’étranger serait coupable de tous les maux dont souffre la sécurité sociale. Les uns comme les autres, les macronistes comme ceux qui veulent stigmatiser les étrangers, ont le même objectif : protéger une poignée de privilégiés, que l’on gave et à cause desquels nous n’avons pas les moyens de soigner tout le monde. (Mêmes mouvements.)Aujourd’hui, vous nous parlez de compromis. Nous n’y sommes pas forcément opposés. Le problème, c’est que le seul compromis que vous nous proposiez consiste à choisir qui, des malades, des jeunes, des retraités, des travailleurs ou des personnes modestes, devra se serrer la ceinture et payer pour protéger ceux que vous soutenez depuis des années. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Vous voulez que nous choisissions qui, de Catherine, qui souffre d’une affection longue durée, Laetitia, aide-soignante en Ehpad, ou Mohamed, apprenti, devra se serrer la ceinture pour que vous puissiez continuer d’offrir des cadeaux et des exonérations de cotisations sociales aux plus grandes entreprises. (Mêmes mouvements.)On ne peut pas parler de compromis lorsqu’on propose, comme vous, de réduire de 6 milliards d’euros les ressources d’un système de santé déjà à l’agonie. On ne peut pas parler de compromis lorsqu’on demande, comme vous, à Lilia, qui cumule deux emplois à Boisseuil, de choisir entre se chauffer et manger.On ne peut pas non plus parler de compromis quand Mathieu, à Ambazac, a peur de sortir sa voiture car, si celle-ci tombe en panne, il se retrouvera en difficulté financière, ou quand Nevine qui a, elle aussi, deux emplois, ne peut se nourrir qu’une fois par jour et se verra imposer une taxe sur ses frais de santé. (Mêmes mouvements.)Non, on ne peut parler de compromis mais d’une véritable dégradation des conditions d’existence de nos compatriotes. Ce texte doit donc être renvoyé là d’où il vient. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – M. Emmanuel Fernandes se lève pour applaudir.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 877,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950130",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 358,
   "annotation_id": "N1267698f5bbd",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "une poignée de privilégiés, que l’on gave et à cause desquels nous n’avons pas les moyens de soigner tout le monde. (Mêmes mouvements.)Aujourd’hui, vous nous parlez de compromis. Nous n’y sommes pas forcément opposés. Le problème, c’est que le seul compromis que vous nous proposiez consiste à choisir qui, des malades, des jeunes, des retraités, des travailleurs ou des personnes modestes, devra se serrer la ceinture et payer pour protéger ceux que vous soutenez depuis des années. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Vous voulez que nous choisissions qui, de Catherine, qui souffre d’une affection longue durée, Laetitia, aide-soignante en Ehpad, ou Mohamed, apprenti, devra se serrer la ceinture pour que vous puissiez continuer d’offrir des cadeaux et des exonérations de cotisations sociales aux plus grandes entreprises. (Mêmes mouvements.)On ne peut pas parler de compromis lorsqu’on propose, comme vous, de réduire de 6 milliards d’euros les ressources d’un système de santé déjà à l’agonie. On ne peut pas parler de compromis lorsqu’on demande, comme vous, à Lilia, qui cumule deux emplois à Boisseuil, de choisir entre se chauffer et manger.On ne peut pas non plus parler de compromis quand Mathieu, à Ambazac, a peur de sortir sa voiture car, si celle-ci"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840939",
   "speaker": "Océane Godard",
   "quality": "Mme Océane Godard (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950137",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950137"
   ],
   "order": 884,
   "text": "Après de nombreuses heures – pour ne pas dire des dizaines d’heures – passées en commission puis dans l’hémicycle, jour et nuit, pendant plusieurs semaines, nous avons modifié la copie budgétaire initiale du gouvernement, à force de dialogue et de débat. Les socialistes ont fait preuve de responsabilité et d’exigence (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC. – M. François Cormier-Bouligeon applaudit également. – «Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Ils ont prouvé qu’ils avaient une conscience fine de ce dont les Françaises et les Français ont besoin : de la stabilité, un budget, de l’écoute et de l’apaisement.Nous n’avons donc pas le compromis honteux. Je dirai même plus : aujourd’hui nous pouvons regarder calmement les Français et leur dire que 3,5 millions d’entre eux pourront partir à la retraite trois à six mois plus tôt car nous avons suspendu (« Décalé ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP) la réforme des retraites, un totem de la politique d’Emmanuel Macron. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)Nous pourrons leur dire que nous protégeons leurs pensions de retraite et évitons aux 17 millions de retraités une perte de pouvoir d’achat – celle-ci aurait atteint 257 euros par an pour les retraités dont la pension moyenne s’élève à 1 500 euros mensuels net.Nous pourrons leur dire que l’année blanche a été supprimée (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC), ce qui signifie, concrètement, que, pour les allocataires du RSA – qui perçoivent 646 euros par mois –, le gain s’élèvera à 81 euros en 2026.Nous pourrons leur dire que l’enveloppe dédiée à l’hôpital public sera augmentée de 1 milliard d’euros, que la CSG sur le patrimoine des plus aisés sera relevée de 1,4 point, ce qui permet un rendement de près de 3 milliards sans que les petits épargnants soient touchés, que les aides à l’emploi et à l’apprentissage versées aux territoires d’outre-mer – dans le cadre de la Lodeom – ne seront pas réduites, que les franchises médicales ne doubleront pas et que les salariés continueront de bénéficier des chèques-vacances et des titres-restaurant.Je pourrais encore citer bien d’autres avancées qui protègent les Français et ne font pas peser la réduction de la dette sur les épaules des plus vulnérables.Alors oui, le texte est imparfait. Non, ce n’est pas le Grand Soir. Tel est d’ailleurs bien le sens du mot « compromis ». Toutefois, qu’irez-vous dire aux Français si cette motion de rejet est adoptée ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.) Comment leur expliquerez-vous ce choix ? Car la conséquence d’un tel vote sera la suppression de toutes les avancées que je viens de citer. Votre intransigeance mènera au rejet du budget… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice. – Plusieurs députés du groupe SOC applaudissent cette dernière.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 884,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950137",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 469,
   "annotation_id": "Nb2ed1319abcf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Après de nombreuses heures – pour ne pas dire des dizaines d’heures – passées en commission puis dans l’hémicycle, jour et nuit, pendant plusieurs semaines, nous avons modifié la copie budgétaire initiale du gouvernement, à force de dialogue et de débat. Les socialistes ont fait preuve de responsabilité et d’exigence (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également. – «Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ils ont prouvé qu’ils avaient une conscience fine de ce dont les Françaises et les Français ont besoin : de la stabilité, un budget, de l’écoute et de l’apaisement.Nous n’avons donc pas le compromis honteux. Je dirai même plus : aujourd’hui nous pouvons regarder calmement les Français et leur dire que 3,5 millions d’entre eux pourront partir à la retraite trois à six mois plus tôt car nous avons suspendu (« Décalé ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) la réforme des retraites, un totem de la politique d’[PERSONNE]. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous pourrons leur dire que nous protégeons leurs pensions de retraite et évitons aux 17 millions de retraités une perte de pouvoir d’achat – celle-ci aurait atteint 257 euros par an pour les retraités dont la pension moyenne s’élève à 1 500 euros mensuels net.Nous pourrons leur dire que l’année blanche a été supprimée (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), ce qui signifie, concrètement, que, pour les allocataires du RSA – qui perçoivent 646 euros par mois –, le gain s’élèvera à 81 euros en 2026.Nous pourrons leur dire que l’enveloppe dédiée à l’hôpital public sera augmentée de 1 milliard d’euros, que la CSG sur le patrimoine des plus aisés sera relevée de 1,4 point, ce qui permet un rendement de près de 3 milliards sans que les petits épargnants soient touchés, que les aides à l’emploi et à l’apprentissage versées aux territoires d’outre-mer – dans le cadre de la Lodeom – ne seront pas réduites, que les franchises médicales ne doubleront pas et que les salariés continueront de bénéficier des chèques-vacances et des titres-restaurant.Je pourrais encore citer bien d’autres avancées qui protègent les Français et ne font pas peser la réduction de la dette sur les épaules des plus vulnérables.Alors oui, le texte est imparfait. Non, ce n’est pas le Grand Soir. Tel est d’ailleurs bien le sens du mot « compromis ». Toutefois, qu’irez-vous dire aux Français si cette motion de rejet est adoptée ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Comment leur expliquerez-vous ce choix ? Car la conséquence d’un tel vote sera la suppression de toutes les avancées que je viens de citer. Votre intransigeance mènera au rejet du budget… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice. – Plusieurs députés du groupe [GROUPE] applaudissent cette dernière.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950419"
   ],
   "order": 957,
   "text": "Nous abordons l’examen de la nouvelle lecture du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale après son examen au Sénat. Le bicamérisme, c’est le dialogue, certes, mais souvent aussi le constat de divergences.Sur ce PLFSS, il y a des points de convergence, à commencer par la réintroduction des articles obligatoires. En effet, supprimer ces articles, c’est méconnaître l’article 34 de la Constitution qui prévoit que « les lois de financement de la sécurité sociale déterminent les conditions générales de son équilibre financier et […] fixent ses objectifs de dépenses ». Je pense également aux avancées en faveur de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes à la retraite, ou encore à la nécessité de ne pas modifier la prestation de compensation du handicap ou l’allocation de solidarité aux personnes âgées en cas d’indemnisation.Il y a aussi des points de désaccord majeurs qui concernent notamment la suspension de la réforme des retraites, le gel des pensions de retraite et des prestations, la fiscalité comportementale, la remise en cause du soutien à la politique d’apprentissage que nous avons mise en place en 2018 et différentes taxations issues de nos débats en première lecture. Je ne dresserai pas une liste complète. Cela a conduit à une commission mixte paritaire non conclusive, comme souvent d’ailleurs sur les textes budgétaires.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 957,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950419",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 217,
   "annotation_id": "N04135b28bb1a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous abordons l’examen de la nouvelle lecture du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale après son examen au Sénat. Le bicamérisme, c’est le dialogue, certes, mais souvent aussi le constat de divergences.Sur ce PLFSS, il y a des points de convergence, à commencer par la réintroduction des articles obligatoires. En effet, supprimer ces articles, c’est méconnaître l’article 34 de la Constitution qui prévoit que « les lois de financement de la sécurité sociale déterminent les conditions générales de son équilibre financier et […] fixent ses objectifs de dépenses ». Je pense également aux avancées en faveur de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes à la retraite, ou encore à la nécessité de ne pas modifier la prestation de compensation du handicap ou l’allocation de solidarité aux personnes âgées en cas d’indemnisation.Il y a aussi des points de désaccord majeurs qui concernent notamment la suspension de la réforme des retraites, le gel des pensions de retraite et des prestations, la fiscalité comportementale, la remise en cause du soutien à la politique d’apprentissage que nous avons mise en place en 2018 et différentes taxations issues de nos débats en première lecture. Je ne dresserai pas une liste complète. Cela a conduit à une commission mixte paritaire non conclusive, comme souvent d’ailleurs sur les textes budgétaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950422",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950422"
   ],
   "order": 961,
   "text": "J’exprime un regret : en première lecture, le débat a été empêché, suite à la suppression d’articles pourtant essentiels, notamment celui sur le gel des pensions de retraite, et j’espère que cette nouvelle lecture nous offrira la possibilité de débattre de tous les articles.Chers collègues, je veux le dire ici solennellement : nous portons une lourde responsabilité aujourd’hui et dans les jours à venir. Serons-nous capables de doter la sécurité sociale d’un budget ? Et vous le savez toutes et tous : il n’y a pas de loi spéciale pour la sécurité sociale.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est empêcher que des moyens supplémentaires soient mobilisés pour nos hôpitaux, pour les structures du médico-social et pour la politique vaccinale, entre autres.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est priver les Français d’avancées pour mieux lutter contre les déserts médicaux, pour mieux reconnaître les maladies professionnelles, pour mieux recouvrer les pensions alimentaires, pour mieux accompagner les parents grâce au congé de naissance et pour mieux protéger les femmes.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est ne pas augmenter l’Ondam.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est enregistrer un déficit encore plus important.L’absence de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale affaiblirait ainsi durablement notre système de protection sociale. Il nous appartient donc de proposer au vote, à l’issue de nos débats, un budget de compromis. Le groupe EPR restera attentif aux impacts des mesures proposées sur le travail et sur l’emploi, et donc à l’équilibre des cotisations qui financent pour partie la sécurité sociale.Nous pensons, et cette conviction est partagée au sein du bloc central, qu’il est possible de soigner aussi bien en dépensant mieux grâce à des mesures pertinentes qui ne dégradent pas la qualité de la prise en charge des patients, à laquelle nous sommes tous ici très attachés.Enfin, permettez-moi d’insister sur le réseau France Santé qui va utilement soutenir les professionnels de santé dans l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins, particulièrement dans les zones rurales, et donner ainsi aux patients une meilleure visibilité de l’offre de soins à proximité de leur lieu de résidence. Rappelons que nous nous trouvons dans un contexte budgétaire particulièrement contraint puisque depuis l’après-crise sanitaire, nous constituons, d’année en année, une dette sociale qui pèsera mécaniquement sur les générations futures.Nous, nous suivons une ligne, celle de la responsabilité, de la justice et du compromis, et je suis convaincue qu’il y a dans cet hémicycle beaucoup de députés, voire une majorité, qui souhaitent qu’un budget puisse être voté. Ce ne sera pas le budget du gouvernement, ni celui de la droite, ni celui de la gauche, ni celui du centre, mais le budget établi par les parlementaires, au prix de certains renoncements, pour les Françaises et les Français, parce que nous le leur devons !Au-delà de ce budget, une réflexion profonde sur le financement de la protection sociale s’impose pour que dans quatre-vingts ans, la sécurité sociale soit toujours aussi universelle, solidaire et protectrice, comme nous l’aimons aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 961,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950422",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 494,
   "annotation_id": "Nb8d157c55ce0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "pourtant essentiels, notamment celui sur le gel des pensions de retraite, et j’espère que cette nouvelle lecture nous offrira la possibilité de débattre de tous les articles.Chers collègues, je veux le dire ici solennellement : nous portons une lourde responsabilité aujourd’hui et dans les jours à venir. Serons-nous capables de doter la sécurité sociale d’un budget ? Et vous le savez toutes et tous : il n’y a pas de loi spéciale pour la sécurité sociale.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est empêcher que des moyens supplémentaires soient mobilisés pour nos hôpitaux, pour les structures du médico-social et pour la politique vaccinale, entre autres.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est priver les Français d’avancées pour mieux lutter contre les déserts médicaux, pour mieux reconnaître les maladies professionnelles, pour mieux recouvrer les pensions alimentaires, pour mieux accompagner les parents grâce au congé de naissance et pour mieux protéger les femmes.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est ne pas augmenter l’Ondam.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, c’est enregistrer un déficit encore plus important.L’absence de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale affaiblirait ainsi durablement notre système de protection sociale. Il nous appartient donc de proposer au vote, à l’issue de nos débats, un budget de compromis. Le"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30019",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8f573ca3d311fcb39d4ea4eb337ca3d1bad47f02d0a709ba1006b16283585cda",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950434",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950434"
   ],
   "order": 973,
   "text": "Il y a quatre semaines, l’examen du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale commençait. Je rappelais alors, au nom du groupe La France insoumise, à quel point ce budget serait un désastre. Le gouvernement avait en effet décidé de taper sur les malades, sur les accidentés du travail, sur les jeunes, sur les femmes, sur les retraités, sur les travailleuses et les travailleurs, sur les personnes handicapées, sur les fonctionnaires de la santé et du social ainsi que sur les familles.Quatre semaines plus tard, je recommence.Le gouvernement a toujours décidé de taper sur 68 millions de personnes, sauf évidemment sur les 500 premières fortunes de France – avec la complicité, évidemment, de la majorité LR du Sénat. (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 973,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N075-3950434",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "Nc891b760ee2d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a quatre semaines, l’examen du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale commençait. Je rappelais alors, au nom du groupe [GROUPE], à quel point ce budget serait un désastre. Le gouvernement avait en effet décidé de taper sur les malades, sur les accidentés du travail, sur les jeunes, sur les femmes, sur les retraités, sur les travailleuses et les travailleurs, sur les personnes handicapées, sur les fonctionnaires de la santé et du social ainsi que sur les familles.Quatre semaines plus tard, je recommence.Le gouvernement a toujours décidé de taper sur 68 millions de personnes, sauf évidemment sur les 500 premières fortunes de France – avec la complicité, évidemment, de la majorité [GROUPE] du Sénat. (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731710",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731710"
   ],
   "order": 1303,
   "text": "…dont les conséquences m’inquiètent. Comme le ministre, je crains qu’elle n’aggrave le problème.Dans ma circonscription, dans l’établissement public de coopération intercommunale (EPCI) avec la plus faible densité, le Pays du Sanon, il n’y a plus de médecin généraliste. Pourtant, il n’a été classé ni zone d’intervention prioritaire (ZIP) ni zone d’action complémentaire (ZAC). Dans le centre-bourg de Bayon, deux généralistes sont partis à la retraite il y a plusieurs années ; ils n’ont toujours pas été remplacés. Bayon n’a pas davantage bénéficié d’un classement ZIP ou ZAC. L’adoption de cette proposition de loi, en particulier son article 1er, empêcherait à court terme l’installation de médecins dans de tels endroits, qui en ont pourtant grand besoin.Le zonage des professionnels de santé doit correspondre à la réalité des territoires pour rendre les dispositifs incitatifs efficaces.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "98",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 1303,
   "amendments": [
    "98"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731710",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 133,
   "annotation_id": "N0d3fa0ad8406",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…dont les conséquences m’inquiètent. Comme le ministre, je crains qu’elle n’aggrave le problème.Dans ma circonscription, dans l’établissement public de coopération intercommunale (EPCI) avec la plus faible densité, le Pays du Sanon, il n’y a plus de médecin généraliste. Pourtant, il n’a été classé ni zone d’intervention prioritaire (ZIP) ni zone d’action complémentaire (ZAC). Dans le centre-bourg de Bayon, deux généralistes sont partis à la retraite il y a plusieurs années ; ils n’ont toujours pas été remplacés. Bayon n’a pas davantage bénéficié d’un classement ZIP ou ZAC. L’adoption de cette proposition de loi, en particulier son article 1er, empêcherait à court terme l’installation de médecins dans de tels endroits, qui en ont pourtant grand besoin.Le zonage des professionnels de santé doit correspondre à la réalité des territoires pour rendre les dispositifs incitatifs efficaces."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731716",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731716"
   ],
   "order": 1307,
   "text": "L’article L. 1434-4 du code de la santé publique impose une concertation des représentants des professionnels de santé concernés, sans que cette procédure soit précisément définie. L’amendement vise à obliger les organisations représentatives à présenter un avis conforme afin d’améliorer le zonage et à impliquer davantage les professionnels des territoires concernés.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "98",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 1307,
   "amendments": [
    "98"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731716",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N2440c74f7ed6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article L. 1434-4 du code de la santé publique impose une concertation des représentants des professionnels de santé concernés, sans que cette procédure soit précisément définie. L’amendement vise à obliger les organisations représentatives à présenter un avis conforme afin d’améliorer le zonage et à impliquer davantage les professionnels des territoires concernés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731719",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731719"
   ],
   "order": 1310,
   "text": "Nous sommes défavorables à votre amendement pour deux raisons. Quand vous proposez de conditionner la définition du zonage à un avis conforme du conseil territorial de santé (CTS), vous méconnaissez l’article 21 de la Constitution et créez une injonction au gouvernement. Sur le fond, cet avis conforme du CTS risque de créer des situations de blocage et d’empêcher toute actualisation du zonage par les agences régionales de santé (ARS).",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1310,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731719",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N0ce27a99c7e2",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes défavorables à votre amendement pour deux raisons. Quand vous proposez de conditionner la définition du zonage à un avis conforme du conseil territorial de santé (CTS), vous méconnaissez l’article 21 de la Constitution et créez une injonction au gouvernement. Sur le fond, cet avis conforme du CTS risque de créer des situations de blocage et d’empêcher toute actualisation du zonage par les agences régionales de santé (ARS)."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731727",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731727"
   ],
   "order": 1317,
   "text": "Les élus locaux, en particulier les maires, sont en première ligne partout sur le territoire pour lutter contre la désertification médicale. Ils sont très actifs. Depuis la loi de 2005 relative au développement des territoires ruraux, les collectivités recourent à différentes formes d’interventions dans les zones sous-dotées : aides individuelles pour les nouvelles installations, aide au maintien, mise à disposition des locaux, prise en charge des frais de fonctionnement, etc.Compte tenu de la pleine implication des élus dans la territorialisation de l’offre de soins, l’amendement prévoit que l’association départementale des maires est consultée en amont de la définition des zonages.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "32",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 1317,
   "amendments": [
    "32"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731727",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N9da47cdab6e9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les élus locaux, en particulier les maires, sont en première ligne partout sur le territoire pour lutter contre la désertification médicale. Ils sont très actifs. Depuis la loi de 2005 relative au développement des territoires ruraux, les collectivités recourent à différentes formes d’interventions dans les zones sous-dotées : aides individuelles pour les nouvelles installations, aide au maintien, mise à disposition des locaux, prise en charge des frais de fonctionnement, etc.Compte tenu de la pleine implication des élus dans la territorialisation de l’offre de soins, l’amendement prévoit que l’association départementale des maires est consultée en amont de la définition des zonages."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731734",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731734"
   ],
   "order": 1323,
   "text": "Pourquoi faudrait-il réserver l’exclusivité de la représentation des élus locaux à l’association départementale des maires ? Ce ne serait pas correct vis-à-vis des autres associations représentant les élus. Je vous suggère de retirer ces amendements, qui sont satisfaits.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1323,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731734",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "Ne70bfc38aff9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi faudrait-il réserver l’exclusivité de la représentation des élus locaux à l’association départementale des maires ? Ce ne serait pas correct vis-à-vis des autres associations représentant les élus. Je vous suggère de retirer ces amendements, qui sont satisfaits."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731738",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731738"
   ],
   "order": 1326,
   "text": "L’esprit de cet amendement est d’associer les élus locaux à la définition du zonage, puisqu’ils participent de fait à la territorialisation de l’action publique. Il est tout à fait légitime d’intégrer les maires à la concertation, mais aussi les présidents d’intercommunalités, car ce n’est pas nécessairement à l’échelon communal qu’une solution pourra être trouvée. Sagesse.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1326,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731738",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Nc19ad273b80d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’esprit de cet amendement est d’associer les élus locaux à la définition du zonage, puisqu’ils participent de fait à la territorialisation de l’action publique. Il est tout à fait légitime d’intégrer les maires à la concertation, mais aussi les présidents d’intercommunalités, car ce n’est pas nécessairement à l’échelon communal qu’une solution pourra être trouvée. Sagesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731741",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731741"
   ],
   "order": 1329,
   "text": "Quelle est la première collectivité à apporter des réponses ? Ce n’est ni l’intercommunalité, ni le département, ni la région, ni l’État, c’est la commune. Voilà pourquoi il faudrait privilégier les associations départementales de maires au détriment d’autres associations d’élus. Cela fait déjà longtemps, des décennies, que des maires ont réagi et décidé de créer des maisons de santé. Même s’il est nécessaire d’avoir une vision d’ensemble, il faut avoir à l’esprit que l’échelon communal est important et qu’il joue un grand rôle pour répondre aux besoins.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1329,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731741",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "Nb08888eaabbd",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quelle est la première collectivité à apporter des réponses ? Ce n’est ni l’intercommunalité, ni le département, ni la région, ni l’État, c’est la commune. Voilà pourquoi il faudrait privilégier les associations départementales de maires au détriment d’autres associations d’élus. Cela fait déjà longtemps, des décennies, que des maires ont réagi et décidé de créer des maisons de santé. Même s’il est nécessaire d’avoir une vision d’ensemble, il faut avoir à l’esprit que l’échelon communal est important et qu’il joue un grand rôle pour répondre aux besoins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731744",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731744"
   ],
   "order": 1331,
   "text": "Les maires sont les premiers à s’inquiéter des déserts médicaux. Les 1 500 élus qui ont signé il y a quelques jours la tribune parue dans un hebdomadaire sont principalement des maires et leurs adjoints.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1331,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731744",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N38b5ba919728",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les maires sont les premiers à s’inquiéter des déserts médicaux. Les 1 500 élus qui ont signé il y a quelques jours la tribune parue dans un hebdomadaire sont principalement des maires et leurs adjoints."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731746",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731746"
   ],
   "order": 1333,
   "text": "Il est important d’associer les élus locaux, mais doit-on s’en tenir aux élus municipaux, ou le conseil départemental doit-il aussi être concerné ? Dans certains départements, c’est bien le conseil départemental qui agit. Associons les élus locaux et précisons au cours de la navette lesquels.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1333,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731746",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N9dc755265706",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important d’associer les élus locaux, mais doit-on s’en tenir aux élus municipaux, ou le conseil départemental doit-il aussi être concerné ? Dans certains départements, c’est bien le conseil départemental qui agit. Associons les élus locaux et précisons au cours de la navette lesquels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "M. Elie Califer",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731749",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731749"
   ],
   "order": 1336,
   "text": "Dans certains secteurs d’activité relatifs à la santé, la régulation de l’installation des praticiens a pu révéler une tendance à une commercialisation officieuse des autorisations d’exercice. Ainsi, depuis qu’en 2017 l’installation des kinésithérapeutes a été soumise à des règles de zonage, une pratique informelle de commercialisation s’est développée dans les zones « surdotées », via la désignation d’un praticien par un autre.Censé garantir une égale répartition des soignants sur le territoire, un tel système peut avoir pour contre-effet la création d’un marché secondaire, fondé sur la cession onéreuse de numéros de conventionnement, tels que les numéros Adeli. L’amendement vise à empêcher une telle commercialisation.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "37",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 1336,
   "amendments": [
    "37"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731749",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "N2dd96a0fae93",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans certains secteurs d’activité relatifs à la santé, la régulation de l’installation des praticiens a pu révéler une tendance à une commercialisation officieuse des autorisations d’exercice. Ainsi, depuis qu’en 2017 l’installation des kinésithérapeutes a été soumise à des règles de zonage, une pratique informelle de commercialisation s’est développée dans les zones « surdotées », via la désignation d’un praticien par un autre.Censé garantir une égale répartition des soignants sur le territoire, un tel système peut avoir pour contre-effet la création d’un marché secondaire, fondé sur la cession onéreuse de numéros de conventionnement, tels que les numéros Adeli. L’amendement vise à empêcher une telle commercialisation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731753",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731753"
   ],
   "order": 1339,
   "text": "Je comprends l’objectif de l’amendement, mais je vois mal comment on pourrait empêcher la valorisation de l’autorisation d’exercice, dès lors qu’un professionnel de santé qui recherche un successeur peut lui revendre sa patientèle. C’est une pratique très ancienne.Il faut faire très attention à ne pas remettre en cause l’exercice libéral de la médecine, là où les médecins souhaitent exercer. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731706",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1339,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731753",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "N605031ffb73c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends l’objectif de l’amendement, mais je vois mal comment on pourrait empêcher la valorisation de l’autorisation d’exercice, dès lors qu’un professionnel de santé qui recherche un successeur peut lui revendre sa patientèle. C’est une pratique très ancienne.Il faut faire très attention à ne pas remettre en cause l’exercice libéral de la médecine, là où les médecins souhaitent exercer. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841563",
   "speaker": "Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731777"
   ],
   "order": 1350,
   "text": "Les dispositifs qui régissent l’organisation du parcours de soins ont été conçus pour optimiser le maillage des professionnels de santé. En d’autres termes, ce corpus de règles n’est pertinent que lorsque nos concitoyens peuvent réellement avoir recours à une offre de soins de proximité. Dans ce cas, le recours au médecin traitant – point d’entrée dans le parcours de soins – peut et doit conditionner le système de prise en charge. La majoration du ticket modérateur a donc pour objectif d’inciter les patients à désigner ce médecin.Mais dans les déserts médicaux, le dispositif devient contre-productif. Les causes de la désertification médicale sont bien connues – le manque affolant d’anticipation des évolutions de la démographie, l’inanité du numerus clausus – et les conséquences sont catastrophiques pour de très nombreux Français. Exception faite du Luxembourg, notre pays présente la densité de médecins la plus faible d’Europe, avec près de 237 000 praticiens en activité au 1er janvier 2024.Dans ma circonscription et dans de très nombreux territoires, trouver un médecin traitant qui accepte de vous intégrer à sa patientèle ou un spécialiste qui vous accordera un rendez-vous de consultation relève bien souvent de l’exploit, voire de la mission impossible. Dans ces conditions, il est parfaitement injuste d’appliquer une majoration vécue légitimement comme une véritable pénalité.Nous voterons donc pour l’article 2, qui prévoit de supprimer la majoration de la participation de l’assuré social quand celui-ci se trouve dans l’impossibilité de désigner un médecin traitant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3731775",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1350,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731777",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 247,
   "annotation_id": "N495d7bd707d6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les dispositifs qui régissent l’organisation du parcours de soins ont été conçus pour optimiser le maillage des professionnels de santé. En d’autres termes, ce corpus de règles n’est pertinent que lorsque nos concitoyens peuvent réellement avoir recours à une offre de soins de proximité. Dans ce cas, le recours au médecin traitant – point d’entrée dans le parcours de soins – peut et doit conditionner le système de prise en charge. La majoration du ticket modérateur a donc pour objectif d’inciter les patients à désigner ce médecin.Mais dans les déserts médicaux, le dispositif devient contre-productif. Les causes de la désertification médicale sont bien connues – le manque affolant d’anticipation des évolutions de la démographie, l’inanité du numerus clausus – et les conséquences sont catastrophiques pour de très nombreux Français. Exception faite du Luxembourg, notre pays présente la densité de médecins la plus faible d’Europe, avec près de 237 000 praticiens en activité au 1er janvier 2024.Dans ma circonscription et dans de très nombreux territoires, trouver un médecin traitant qui accepte de vous intégrer à sa patientèle ou un spécialiste qui vous accordera un rendez-vous de consultation relève bien souvent de l’exploit, voire de la mission impossible. Dans ces conditions, il est parfaitement injuste d’appliquer une majoration vécue légitimement comme une véritable pénalité.Nous voterons donc pour l’article 2, qui prévoit de supprimer la majoration de la participation de l’assuré social quand celui-ci se trouve dans l’impossibilité de désigner un médecin traitant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731788"
   ],
   "order": 1360,
   "text": "Pour qu’il y ait des médecins traitants, il faut qu’il y ait des médecins généralistes et pour qu’il y ait des médecins généralistes, il faut qu’il y ait des médecins installés en libéral. Or on constate que l’exercice libéral de la médecine cumule malheureusement les difficultés, au point d’être menacé d’extinction : il y a de plus en plus de médecins salariés, de moins en moins de médecins libéraux !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3731775",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1360,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731788",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "Naee7a77f080e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour qu’il y ait des médecins traitants, il faut qu’il y ait des médecins généralistes et pour qu’il y ait des médecins généralistes, il faut qu’il y ait des médecins installés en libéral. Or on constate que l’exercice libéral de la médecine cumule malheureusement les difficultés, au point d’être menacé d’extinction : il y a de plus en plus de médecins salariés, de moins en moins de médecins libéraux !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841893",
   "speaker": "Céline Thiébault-Martinez",
   "quality": "Mme Céline Thiébault-Martinez",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731795",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731795"
   ],
   "order": 1366,
   "text": "En 2005, la mise en place du parcours de soins coordonnés faisait du médecin traitant le point d’entrée dans le système de soins pour tous les assurés sociaux. Cette réforme devait nous responsabiliser et encourager un usage raisonné des soins ; elle est ainsi assortie d’une sanction financière appliquée aux remboursements dus par l’assurance maladie aux assurés qui n’ont pas, aujourd’hui, de médecin traitant.Nous sommes, car j’en fais partie, 6 millions de Français à ne pas avoir de médecin traitant et 600 000 d’entre nous sont atteints d’une affection de longue durée. Il va sans dire que ne pas avoir de médecin traitant n’est pas un choix mais une contrainte subie.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3731775",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1366,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731795",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 111,
   "annotation_id": "N1b492f395b97",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En 2005, la mise en place du parcours de soins coordonnés faisait du médecin traitant le point d’entrée dans le système de soins pour tous les assurés sociaux. Cette réforme devait nous responsabiliser et encourager un usage raisonné des soins ; elle est ainsi assortie d’une sanction financière appliquée aux remboursements dus par l’assurance maladie aux assurés qui n’ont pas, aujourd’hui, de médecin traitant.Nous sommes, car j’en fais partie, 6 millions de Français à ne pas avoir de médecin traitant et 600 000 d’entre nous sont atteints d’une affection de longue durée. Il va sans dire que ne pas avoir de médecin traitant n’est pas un choix mais une contrainte subie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29361",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185.xml",
   "source_sha256": "733b62e6f1a3ca21783e6bbc8f18da74e41b7e9156441aace5e5e9f5ec295f75",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841893",
   "speaker": "Céline Thiébault-Martinez",
   "quality": "Mme Céline Thiébault-Martinez",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731798",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731798"
   ],
   "order": 1369,
   "text": "Une femme s’acquittera de 33,50 euros pour une consultation auprès d’un gynécologue en accès direct appliquant le tarif conventionné de secteur 1. Sans médecin traitant, elle ne recevra de la sécurité sociale que 10,85 euros, au lieu d’être remboursée à hauteur de 21,45 euros.Je rappelle qu’un assuré social consultant un médecin hors parcours de soins ne peut pas bénéficier d’une prise en charge complémentaire par son assurance ou sa mutuelle – le contrat responsable l’interdit.La suppression de la sanction injustifiée que constitue cette majoration est donc, pour l’ensemble des patients dépourvus de médecin traitant, une mesure de justice sociale. Pour cette raison, il me paraît important d’adopter cet article.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3731775",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1369,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N185-3731798",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 109,
   "annotation_id": "N3eae526fb5d7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une femme s’acquittera de 33,50 euros pour une consultation auprès d’un gynécologue en accès direct appliquant le tarif conventionné de secteur 1. Sans médecin traitant, elle ne recevra de la sécurité sociale que 10,85 euros, au lieu d’être remboursée à hauteur de 21,45 euros.Je rappelle qu’un assuré social consultant un médecin hors parcours de soins ne peut pas bénéficier d’une prise en charge complémentaire par son assurance ou sa mutuelle – le contrat responsable l’interdit.La suppression de la sanction injustifiée que constitue cette majoration est donc, pour l’ensemble des patients dépourvus de médecin traitant, une mesure de justice sociale. Pour cette raison, il me paraît important d’adopter cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.xml",
   "source_sha256": "934486131611020df3456fa97e6a646c607c0d8be8ccc9f519ae222f052454a9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795636",
   "speaker": "Benjamin Lucas-Lundy",
   "quality": "M. Benjamin Lucas-Lundy",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630888",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3630888"
   ],
   "order": 770,
   "text": "Dans une démocratie adulte et apaisée, vous ne seriez pas là, monsieur le premier ministre ! Pour remettre les choses à l’endroit, pour être fidèles au vote des Français et pour que la démocratie survive à vos attaques répétées, il nous appartient de faire en sorte que vous ne soyez plus là demain. Voilà pourquoi nous vous censurerons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS. – MM. Jean-François Coulomme et Paul Molac applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 770,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630888",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N1a854a959070",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans une démocratie adulte et apaisée, vous ne seriez pas là, monsieur le premier ministre ! Pour remettre les choses à l’endroit, pour être fidèles au vote des Français et pour que la démocratie survive à vos attaques répétées, il nous appartient de faire en sorte que vous ne soyez plus là demain. Voilà pourquoi nous vous censurerons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.xml",
   "source_sha256": "934486131611020df3456fa97e6a646c607c0d8be8ccc9f519ae222f052454a9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630890",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3630890"
   ],
   "order": 772,
   "text": "Nous sommes le 12 février 2025 et la France ne dispose toujours pas d’une loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, loi qui permet pourtant d’assurer la pérennité de ce système.Cette situation inédite plonge les Français dans une profonde incertitude, alors même que la trajectoire des comptes sociaux se dégrade d’une façon alarmante. Chaque semaine perdue accentue nos difficultés et fragilise un peu plus notre modèle solidaire. Le déficit de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 était estimé initialement à 16 milliards d’euros ; nous savons désormais qu’il atteindra 23 milliards. Si nous repoussons encore l’adoption de ce texte, il frôlera les 30 milliards, ce qui mettra en péril notre modèle de protection sociale.Chers collègues Insoumis, votre motion de censure est irresponsable – ce n’est pas moi qui le dis, mais le Haut Conseil du financement de la protection sociale (HCFIPS) : « l’inertie décisionnelle » de notre Parlement « conduirait à une fragilisation sans précédent de la sécurité sociale ». Il ajoute qu’une « reprise de dette à relativement brève échéance apparaît inévitable compte tenu des montants que l’Acoss est capable de financer à court terme ». Le besoin de financement de l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale est estimé à près de 80 milliards pour 2025, alors que sa trésorerie ne lui permettrait de tenir qu’entre trente et cinquante jours. Nous courons donc un risque majeur d’asphyxie financière si nous ne trouvons pas rapidement de solutions pérennes pour l’année en cours.Le Haut Conseil nous alerte également sur le fait qu’une reprise de dette opérée en allongeant la durée de vie de la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale (Cades) pourrait conduire à une augmentation de la contribution pour le remboursement de la dette sociale (CRDS) ou de la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG). Ainsi, en soutenant cette motion de censure, vous mettez en péril l’avenir de notre système de protection sociale, celui de nos concitoyens dont les besoins sociaux ne pourraient plus être pris en charge et celui de nos enfants qui hériteront d’une dette insupportable. J’en appelle à la responsabilité de chacun, car nous n’avons plus le luxe d’attendre.Nous pouvons avoir des désaccords sur le budget. En effet, nous abordons un texte budgétaire sans avoir débattu au préalable de la vision, des missions et des objectifs de notre système de santé. Ce dernier est malade de son financement, mais aussi de son organisation, qui ne répond plus aux besoins de nos concitoyens.Il a été créé pour faire face à des pathologies aiguës, alors que nous sommes confrontés à des pathologies chroniques de plus en plus répandues. Il a été bâti sur deux piliers – une médecine hospitalière publique et une médecine de ville libérale. Les professionnels de santé travaillaient chacun de leur côté alors que l’on se rend compte que leurs interventions doivent être coordonnées. Les hospitalisations étaient longues ; aujourd’hui, la plupart des soins hospitaliers sont prodigués en ambulatoire. Il a surtout été bâti autour du soin : en 1945, la promesse faite aux Français était de prendre en charge leurs soins, en ne tenant compte ni de leurs revenus ni de leur comportement sanitaire. La prévention des nouvelles pathologies chroniques, de longue durée et coûteuses, a été négligée. Ce système n’est plus adapté aux nouveaux besoins de nos concitoyens.En outre, nous n’arrivons plus à redresser durablement nos comptes sociaux. Chaque automne, à l’occasion de la discussion du PLFSS, nous sommes tous ébranlés par le déficit croissant de la sécurité sociale. Malgré cela, une fois les discussions budgétaires passées, nous remettons à plus tard les mesures nécessaires. Le déficit de la sécurité sociale s’élevait à 19 milliards en 2022, à 11 milliards en 2023 et à 18 milliards en 2024. Il atteindra probablement 23 milliards en 2025. Combien de temps notre système de sécurité sociale peut-il perdurer dans ces conditions ? Ce système unique et envié de tous a couvert tous les risques, pour tous – chômage, pension, maladie.Chaque année, le déficit se creuse un peu plus. Trois manières de le combler s’offrent à nous : nous pouvons augmenter les cotisations, creuser la dette ou dépenser mieux. Les deux premières solutions ne sont pas souhaitables. Il faut faire des arbitrages – la politique, c’est faire des choix. Alors que le déficit est plus important que jamais, nous avons récemment voté des mesures certes justifiées et toujours généreuses, mais non financées. Je pense à la meilleure prise en charge des pathologies de la femme, normale mais non financée, ou celle des fauteuils roulants. Demain, il nous faudra nous accorder avec lucidité et courage sur les priorités, afin d’éviter que notre générosité soit financée par la dette, donc à la charge des prochaines générations.Comment changer de système ? Toute réforme structurelle qui ne partirait pas des besoins de la population serait vaine. Parlementaires, nous devons débattre pour définir les besoins en matière de prévention et de soin, repenser l’offre en fonction de ces besoins, recentrer les missions des organismes sociaux, élaborer une stratégie et une trajectoire budgétaires. Nous proposerons ainsi aux acteurs une vision et un financement pluriannuel.Le premier ministre François Bayrou a ouvert le débat sur la pluriannualité du financement de la sécurité sociale. Aujourd’hui, notre logique budgétaire de court terme enferme tous les acteurs de la santé dans l’incertitude et freine toute réforme structurelle. Une programmation pluriannuelle leur permettrait de mieux anticiper, d’investir, de fixer un cap clair, des priorités et des objectifs et d’avoir une visibilité budgétaire afin de sortir de cette navigation à vue qui met en péril notre système. Surtout, la pluriannualité responsabiliserait chaque acteur, qu’il soit élu, professionnel de santé, industriel ou patient. Il est difficile d’exiger des économies quand personne ne sait de quoi demain sera fait. Planifier sur plusieurs années, c’est faire des choix réfléchis et construire une trajectoire soutenable. En outre, cette logique pluriannuelle permettrait de donner, enfin, des moyens durables à une politique systémique. Elle autoriserait même une politique, j’ose employer le terme, industrielle de prévention en santé, qui encourage les bons comportements.Face à la complexité politique actuelle, le premier ministre a pris ses responsabilités en proposant un budget de compromis transitoire, pragmatique et responsable. En matière de santé, le gouvernement a abondé de 1 milliard l’Ondam, augmentant l’Ondam hospitalier de 3,6 % au lieu des 3,1 % prévus, afin de poursuivre les recrutements nécessaires pour faire face aux besoins de fonctionnement des services hospitaliers. Un accord avec l’industrie du médicament a été conclu pour économiser 600 millions d’euros en échange d’un plafonnement du rendement de la clause de sauvegarde du médicament à 1,6 milliard. Enfin, le ticket modérateur et la prise en charge par l’assurance maladie seront maintenus à leur niveau actuel pour éviter toute hausse du coût des mutuelles et pour préserver l’accès de tous aux soins.En matière de prévention en santé, le groupe Démocrates, soutenu par le gouvernement, est à l’initiative d’une réforme de la taxe « soda », inspirée du modèle britannique, pensée comme une incitation à réduire la consommation excessive de sucre, responsable de l’augmentation de l’obésité et du diabète.En matière de dépendance, le premier ministre a triplé le fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad, le portant à 300 millions d’euros. C’est une réponse forte aux défis de vieillissement de la population, qui doit s’accompagner d’une réflexion plus large sur le financement du grand âge.Chers collègues, ce budget transitoire n’est certes pas satisfaisant, mais il est essentiel au fonctionnement de nos organismes sociaux. C’est pourquoi le groupe Démocrates soutient le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025. Il œuvrera dès les prochaines semaines pour proposer aux Français une nouvelle conception de notre système de santé, allant de pair avec une vision pluriannuelle de la sécurité sociale et s’opposera à cette motion de censure.Collègues Insoumis, vous qui avez déposé cette motion pour censurer le budget de notre protection sociale, vous qui revendiquez l’héritage d’Ambroise Croizat, pourquoi mettre définitivement à bas notre système de protection sociale ? Si cette motion de censure était adoptée, vous en porteriez la lourde responsabilité devant l’ensemble de nos concitoyens, notamment les plus fragiles, ceux dont le seul patrimoine est la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem. – Mme Danielle Brulebois applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 772,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630890",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 1358,
   "annotation_id": "N2230c0699828",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "l’Acoss est capable de financer à court terme ». Le besoin de financement de l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale est estimé à près de 80 milliards pour 2025, alors que sa trésorerie ne lui permettrait de tenir qu’entre trente et cinquante jours. Nous courons donc un risque majeur d’asphyxie financière si nous ne trouvons pas rapidement de solutions pérennes pour l’année en cours.Le Haut Conseil nous alerte également sur le fait qu’une reprise de dette opérée en allongeant la durée de vie de la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale (Cades) pourrait conduire à une augmentation de la contribution pour le remboursement de la dette sociale (CRDS) ou de la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG). Ainsi, en soutenant cette motion de censure, vous mettez en péril l’avenir de notre système de protection sociale, celui de nos concitoyens dont les besoins sociaux ne pourraient plus être pris en charge et celui de nos enfants qui hériteront d’une dette insupportable. J’en appelle à la responsabilité de chacun, car nous n’avons plus le luxe d’attendre.Nous pouvons avoir des désaccords sur le budget. En effet, nous abordons un texte budgétaire sans avoir débattu au préalable de la vision, des missions et des objectifs de"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.xml",
   "source_sha256": "934486131611020df3456fa97e6a646c607c0d8be8ccc9f519ae222f052454a9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630907",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3630907"
   ],
   "order": 790,
   "text": "Nous voilà réunis pour discuter, une dernière fois je l’espère, d’une motion de censure du groupe La France insoumise, déposée pour rejeter le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025.Aujourd’hui, après quatre engagements successifs de la responsabilité de ce gouvernement, se dessine la fin d’un long périple budgétaire, laissant place à une lueur d’espoir.Un espoir de stabilité, car nous aspirons à un exécutif capable de durer et de restaurer la confiance des citoyens dans nos institutions. La stabilité s’avère essentielle pour aborder les réformes qui permettront de redresser durablement notre pays.L’espoir d’un retour de la confiance, tant chez nos concitoyens que chez les investisseurs et chez nos partenaires économiques, grâce à un budget enfin adopté, qui rétablisse la prévisibilité nécessaire à la préservation de l’emploi et à la création de richesses.L’espoir enfin d’un renforcement de la solidarité, car ce budget marque un engagement fort en faveur de notre système de santé et de protection sociale, avec, notamment, le triplement du fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad, qui s’élève désormais à 300 millions d’euros, ce qui permettra de mieux accompagner nos aînés dans des conditions dignes, ou encore les 270 millions d’euros qui permettront d’apporter de nouvelles solutions aux personnes en situation de handicap.En effet, dans ce budget, des dépenses, il y en a – plus de 660 milliards pour l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base de la sécurité sociale. Je ne peux donc pas vous laisser dire que ce budget est un budget d’austérité !Les résultats des élections législatives ont révélé une réalité incontournable : aucun groupe politique ne peut prétendre, à lui seul, construire l’avenir de notre pays. Cette diversité d’opinions, loin d’être une faiblesse, est le reflet de la richesse de notre démocratie. Elle nous oblige à l’humilité et au dialogue.À l’opposé du dialogue, nous avons vu des coalitions se former, non pas autour de projets communs mais dans le seul but de censurer, de bloquer, sans proposer d’alternative viable. Ces postures sont dangereuses car elles minent la confiance des concitoyens en notre capacité à gouverner et à répondre à leurs attentes. Il est donc de notre responsabilité, en tant que représentants du peuple, de dépasser ces alliances négatives, de construire des ponts entre nous.Ce PLFSS doit nous y inciter. Fruit d’un compromis, il n’est parfait pour personne, et pas davantage pour le groupe Horizons & Indépendants.La troisième partie de ce projet de loi est cruciale pour assurer la pérennité et l’efficacité de notre système de santé et de solidarité. Dans ce contexte, nous saluons la hausse de 3,3 % de l’Ondam.Je souhaiterais également insister sur l’article 16 bis F, issu d’une proposition de notre groupe, qui vise à interdire les plateformes numériques délivrant des arrêts de travail en ligne contre rémunération. En permettant l’obtention d’arrêts maladie via un simple questionnaire en ligne, sans réelle consultation, ces plateformes compromettent la santé publique et le principe de responsabilité médicale.Nous sommes face à un tournant décisif pour notre nation. Nous devons choisir entre l’unité et la division, entre la solidarité et l’égoïsme partisan. Ne nous laissons pas entraîner dans des débats stériles qui ne font que nous diviser davantage. Ne cédons pas aux tentatives de ceux qui cherchent à nous détourner de notre objectif commun : une France forte et solidaire.Nous devons nous concentrer sur l’essentiel : soutenir notre système de solidarité, garantir la continuité de nos services publics et assurer un avenir meilleur pour tous les citoyens. La France traverse une période de crise ; c’est aussi une chance, que nous devons saisir, de nous réinventer.Ce PLFSS est un pas dans la bonne direction, puisqu’il répond aux urgences immédiates. Nous ne pouvons nous permettre de soutenir une motion de censure qui ne ferait que nous maintenir dans l’incertitude et l’instabilité.Avec le groupe Horizons & Indépendants, que j’ai l’honneur de présider, nous croyons en la force du dialogue, en la puissance du compromis. Nous croyons en une France capable de surmonter les défis, de se relever et de prospérer, une France de progrès, de justice et de solidarité, une France où chacun a sa place, où chacun contribue à juste proportion à la richesse et à la solidarité collectives, et en bénéficie en un juste retour.Ceux qui soutiendront cette motion de censure ne partagent pas cette vision. Ils ne représentent pas l’avenir que nous voulons pour notre pays. Je le dis aux Français, viscéralement attachés à ces valeurs de solidarité, de justice, d’égalité : en déposant cette motion de censure, ceux qui vous font tant de promesses dévoilent au grand jour qu’ils vous mentent.Ils vous disent que les dépenses peuvent être infinies et qu’il y aura toujours des recettes nouvelles pour couvrir leurs promesses électorales – taxer la croissance, tout en promettant la décroissance. Ils vous disent qu’une loi spéciale est un budget comme un autre, alors qu’elle ne permet pas à nos services publics de fonctionner jusqu’à la fin de l’année. Ils vous disent qu’ils sont les défenseurs des plus modestes, des femmes, des familles, mais ils refusent d’adopter un budget de la sécurité sociale qui les protège avant tous les autres, car les plus aisés n’ont pas besoin de la solidarité nationale.Pour notre part, nous disons non à la censure, mais oui au dialogue franc et sincère, dans une situation politique inédite où aucun bloc ne peut avoir l’arrogance de décider seul. Mes chers collègues, croyez-moi, il y va de la crédibilité de la France ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 790,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630907",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 916,
   "annotation_id": "N85b11a75f8df",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voilà réunis pour discuter, une dernière fois je l’espère, d’une motion de censure du groupe [GROUPE], déposée pour rejeter le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025.Aujourd’hui, après quatre engagements successifs de la responsabilité de ce gouvernement, se dessine la fin d’un long périple budgétaire, laissant place à une lueur d’espoir.Un espoir de stabilité, car nous aspirons à un exécutif capable de durer et de restaurer la confiance des citoyens dans nos institutions. La stabilité s’avère essentielle pour aborder les réformes qui permettront de redresser durablement notre pays.L’espoir d’un retour de la confiance, tant chez nos concitoyens que chez les investisseurs et chez nos partenaires économiques, grâce à un budget enfin adopté, qui rétablisse la prévisibilité nécessaire à la préservation de l’emploi et à la création de richesses.L’espoir enfin d’un renforcement de la solidarité, car ce budget marque un engagement fort en faveur de notre système de santé et de protection sociale, avec, notamment, le triplement du fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad, qui s’élève désormais à 300 millions d’euros, ce qui permettra de mieux accompagner nos aînés dans des conditions dignes, ou encore les 270 millions d’euros qui permettront d’apporter de nouvelles solutions aux personnes en situation de handicap.En effet, dans ce budget, des dépenses, il y en a – plus de 660 milliards pour l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base de la sécurité sociale. Je ne peux donc pas vous laisser dire que ce budget est un budget d’austérité !Les résultats des élections législatives ont révélé une réalité incontournable : aucun groupe politique ne peut prétendre, à lui seul, construire l’avenir de notre pays. Cette diversité d’opinions, loin d’être une faiblesse, est le reflet de la richesse de notre démocratie. Elle nous oblige à l’humilité et au dialogue.À l’opposé du dialogue, nous avons vu des coalitions se former, non pas autour de projets communs mais dans le seul but de censurer, de bloquer, sans proposer d’alternative viable. Ces postures sont dangereuses car elles minent la confiance des concitoyens en notre capacité à gouverner et à répondre à leurs attentes. Il est donc de notre responsabilité, en tant que représentants du peuple, de dépasser ces alliances négatives, de construire des ponts entre nous.Ce PLFSS doit nous y inciter. Fruit d’un compromis, il n’est parfait pour personne, et pas davantage pour le groupe [GROUPE].La troisième partie de ce projet de loi est cruciale pour assurer la pérennité et l’efficacité de notre système de santé et de solidarité. Dans ce contexte, nous saluons la hausse de 3,3 % de l’Ondam.Je souhaiterais également insister sur l’article 16 bis F, issu d’une proposition de notre groupe, qui vise à interdire les plateformes numériques délivrant des arrêts de travail en ligne contre rémunération. En permettant l’obtention d’arrêts maladie via un simple questionnaire en ligne, sans réelle consultation, ces plateformes compromettent la santé publique et le principe de responsabilité médicale.Nous sommes face à un tournant décisif pour notre nation. Nous devons choisir entre l’unité et la division, entre la solidarité et l’égoïsme partisan. Ne nous laissons pas entraîner dans des débats stériles qui ne font que nous diviser davantage. Ne cédons pas aux tentatives de ceux qui cherchent à nous détourner de notre objectif commun : une France forte et solidaire.Nous devons nous concentrer sur l’essentiel : soutenir notre système de solidarité, garantir la continuité de nos services publics et assurer un avenir meilleur pour tous les citoyens. La France traverse une période de crise ; c’est aussi une chance, que nous devons saisir, de nous réinventer.Ce PLFSS est un pas dans la bonne direction, puisqu’il répond aux urgences immédiates. Nous ne pouvons nous permettre de soutenir une motion de censure qui ne ferait que nous maintenir dans l’incertitude et l’instabilité.Avec le groupe [GROUPE], que j’ai l’honneur de présider, nous croyons en la force du dialogue, en la puissance du compromis. Nous croyons en une France capable de surmonter les défis, de se relever et de prospérer, une France de progrès, de justice et de solidarité, une France où chacun a sa place, où chacun contribue à juste proportion à la richesse et à la solidarité collectives, et en bénéficie en un juste retour.Ceux qui soutiendront cette motion de censure ne partagent pas cette vision. Ils ne représentent pas l’avenir que nous voulons pour notre pays. Je le dis aux Français, viscéralement attachés à ces valeurs de solidarité, de justice, d’égalité : en déposant cette motion de censure, ceux qui vous font tant de promesses dévoilent au grand jour qu’ils vous mentent.Ils vous disent que les dépenses peuvent être infinies et qu’il y aura toujours des recettes nouvelles pour couvrir leurs promesses électorales – taxer la croissance, tout en promettant la décroissance. Ils vous disent qu’une loi spéciale est un budget comme un autre, alors qu’elle ne permet pas à nos services publics de fonctionner jusqu’à la fin de l’année. Ils vous disent qu’ils sont les défenseurs des plus modestes, des femmes, des familles, mais ils refusent d’adopter un budget de la sécurité sociale qui les protège avant tous les autres, car les plus aisés n’ont pas besoin de la solidarité nationale.Pour notre part, nous disons non à la censure, mais oui au dialogue franc et sincère, dans une situation politique inédite où aucun bloc ne peut avoir l’arrogance de décider seul. Mes chers collègues, croyez-moi, il y va de la crédibilité de la France ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
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   "speaker": "Paul Molac",
   "quality": "M. Paul Molac",
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   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630926",
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   "text": "Le groupe LIOT a coutume de dire que l’article 49.3 affaiblit la pratique démocratique et le gouvernement qui y recourt. Depuis 2022, il est pourtant devenu la règle pour faire adopter les budgets de l’État et de la sécurité sociale. Cette pratique réduit la portée du débat parlementaire et érode la confiance des citoyens. L’utilisation répétée de cet outil ne traduit pas seulement l’incapacité de rassembler une majorité autour des propositions budgétaires – ce qui est déjà profondément préoccupant –, elle traduit aussi l’échec d’une méthode, l’échec du gouvernement à trouver des compromis.Le rejet des motions de censure successives sur le PLF et le PLFSS aura toutefois démontré que la seule majorité qui existe aujourd’hui à l’Assemblée nationale est celle qui ne veut pas déstabiliser davantage le pays. La seule explication au rejet de ces motions et à l’adoption, par défaut, de nos textes budgétaires, réside dans le refus des parlementaires de priver notre pays d’un budget pour l’État et la sécurité sociale.Refuser de voter les motions de censure ne signifie évidemment pas qu’on apporte son soutien à ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale. Et, je tiens à le réaffirmer, si nous avions pu voter sur le PLF ou le PLFSS, notre groupe aurait voté contre. Nous demeurons un groupe d’opposition, une opposition certes constructive et responsable, mais une opposition quand même. Dès lors, refuser de voter en faveur des motions de censure traduit simplement notre volonté de doter les établissements de santé, les Ehpad, les départements, des moyens financiers pour assurer leurs missions de service public en matière de santé et de solidarité.Pour autant, accepter qu’il soit légiféré par 49.3 demeurera toujours pour les parlementaires que nous sommes un renoncement et un choix que nous ne prenons jamais à la légère. D’autant qu’à l’heure où nous parlons, il faut rappeler que nous avons été échaudés par ce qui s’est passé avec le projet de loi de finances.Nous découvrons ainsi des mesures problématiques, qui n’étaient pas dans le texte initial ou qui contreviennent à l’esprit des négociations et des engagements du gouvernement. Je citerai l’abaissement du seuil d’assujettissement à la TVA pour les indépendants, la suppression des crédits pour la recherche sur les cancers pédiatriques…",
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   "analysis_text": "Le groupe LIOT a coutume de dire que l’article 49.3 affaiblit la pratique démocratique et le gouvernement qui y recourt. Depuis 2022, il est pourtant devenu la règle pour faire adopter les budgets de l’État et de la sécurité sociale. Cette pratique réduit la portée du débat parlementaire et érode la confiance des citoyens. L’utilisation répétée de cet outil ne traduit pas seulement l’incapacité de rassembler une majorité autour des propositions budgétaires – ce qui est déjà profondément préoccupant –, elle traduit aussi l’échec d’une méthode, l’échec du gouvernement à trouver des compromis.Le rejet des motions de censure successives sur le PLF et le PLFSS aura toutefois démontré que la seule majorité qui existe aujourd’hui à l’Assemblée nationale est celle qui ne veut pas déstabiliser davantage le pays. La seule explication au rejet de ces motions et à l’adoption, par défaut, de nos textes budgétaires, réside dans le refus des parlementaires de priver notre pays d’un budget pour l’État et la sécurité sociale.Refuser de voter les motions de censure ne signifie évidemment pas qu’on apporte son soutien à ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale. Et, je tiens à le réaffirmer, si nous avions pu voter sur le PLF ou le PLFSS, notre groupe aurait voté contre. Nous demeurons un groupe d’opposition, une opposition certes constructive et responsable, mais une opposition quand même. Dès lors, refuser de voter en faveur des motions de censure traduit simplement notre volonté de doter les établissements de santé, les Ehpad, les départements, des moyens financiers pour assurer leurs missions de service public en matière de santé et de solidarité.Pour autant, accepter qu’il soit légiféré par 49.3 demeurera toujours pour les parlementaires que nous sommes un renoncement et un choix que nous ne prenons jamais à la légère. D’autant qu’à l’heure où nous parlons, il faut rappeler que nous avons été échaudés par ce qui s’est passé avec le projet de loi de finances.Nous découvrons ainsi des mesures problématiques, qui n’étaient pas dans le texte initial ou qui contreviennent à l’esprit des négociations et des engagements du gouvernement. Je citerai l’abaissement du seuil d’assujettissement à la TVA pour les indépendants, la suppression des crédits pour la recherche sur les cancers pédiatriques…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA607619",
   "speaker": "Paul Molac",
   "quality": "M. Paul Molac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630932",
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   "order": 815,
   "text": "…ou encore la hausse de la taxe de solidarité sur les billets d’avion pour l’outre-mer et la Corse.Ces mesures non seulement ne reflètent pas notre travail parlementaire mais elles traduisent de surcroît un manque de préparation et de transparence. Elles appellent à une vigilance de tous les instants. Le gouvernement a indiqué renoncer à certaines de ces dispositions. Nous lui en donnons acte, mais cette méthode est loin d’être satisfaisante.Accepter qu’on légifère par la procédure prévue à l’article 49.3, c’est prendre le risque de l’arbitraire. Certaines décisions du gouvernement ne correspondent pas à ce qu’il est ressorti de nos débats. Ainsi en va-t-il de l’assujettissement à la CSG et à la CRDS au-delà de 50 % du smic et de la baisse de l’exonération de cotisations sociales pour les apprentis, lesquels perdront du pouvoir d’achat. Nous ne comprenons pas pourquoi la création de recettes nouvelles – qui est un objectif légitime – se fait au détriment de personnes dont la rémunération est la plupart du temps inférieure au smic, en pénalisant une voie d’insertion par le travail pourtant intéressante.Le compromis sur la réforme des cotisations sociales aurait pu être plus ambitieux. Les exonérations représentent plus de 80 milliards d’euros de dépenses par an, et plusieurs rapports ont souligné leur faible efficacité sur l’emploi. C’était une mesure audacieuse, qu’il fallait ajuster pour ne pas nuire aux bas salaires. La version issue du Sénat était un bon atterrissage, malheureusement non conservé.Surtout, l’utilisation de l’article 49.3 a abouti à la suppression d’une disposition qui aurait permis de calculer les allégements généraux pour les entreprises dont les salaires minimaux sont inférieurs au smic, sur la base de ces salaires minimaux plutôt que sur la base du smic, ce qui aurait permis de soutenir les salaires. Nous comprenons d’autant moins cette suppression que la mesure avait fait l’objet d’un accord en commission mixte paritaire.Tout n’est cependant pas à jeter dans ce PLFSS, et c’est heureux. Plusieurs dispositions en faveur des agriculteurs sont très attendues – je pense en particulier au calcul de leurs pensions de retraite sur les vingt-cinq meilleures années.Plusieurs mesures en faveur de la prévention ont également été ajoutées à l’Assemblée et au Sénat, sous la forme de taxes comportementales sur les sodas ou sur les jeux de hasard. Nous estimons que nous aurions pu aller plus loin, en ciblant également le sucre contenu dans les produits transformés. La qualité de notre alimentation est un enjeu de santé publique beaucoup trop sous-estimé ; il est temps d’y remédier.La prévention doit aussi passer par une plus grande ambition en matière de sport-santé, particulièrement pour certaines maladies chroniques, comme le diabète ou les cancers.La prévention, c’est également la prévention en santé mentale, pourtant grande cause nationale, mais insuffisamment traitée dans ce projet de loi.Beaucoup de sujets essentiels passent ainsi à la trappe : la petite enfance en premier lieu, quand les récents scandales auraient dû susciter une plus vaste prise de conscience.C’est aussi le cas pour le handicap, alors que nous fêtons les vingt ans de la loi de 2005 et que nous constatons encore de très grandes lacunes dans l’inclusion et l’accès aux droits des personnes en situation de handicap.La situation budgétaire de notre système de sécurité sociale devrait nous conduire à nous montrer responsables et à essayer de dépasser nos clivages pour œuvrer en faveur du bien commun. Car la sécurité sociale, dont nous fêtons les 80 ans cette année, est notre bien commun. Elle est une des institutions les plus précieuses de notre pays. Elle constitue la promesse d’égalité et de solidarité au cœur de notre pacte social.Dans le PLFSS se joue la vie de nos concitoyens. Tous nous disent leurs inquiétudes sur les fermetures de service d’urgences, de maternité, en particulier dans les territoires ruraux ; tous nous disent leur difficulté pour trouver un médecin traitant ou prendre rendez-vous chez un spécialiste ; tous nous disent leur difficulté pour s’occuper de leurs parents lorsque ces derniers prennent de l’âge et perdent en autonomie, leur difficulté pour leur trouver une solution en établissement ou à domicile.Pourtant, les exercices budgétaires se succèdent sans qu’une vision à long terme sur les recettes et les besoins ne soit définie. L’absence de majorité à l’Assemblée nationale et le manque de stabilité politique entravent tout projet de réforme en profondeur, qu’il s’agisse de la santé, de l’autonomie ou de nos retraites.Nous saluons des mesures telles que la revalorisation de l’Ondam ou l’enveloppe budgétaire d’urgence pour les Ehpad en difficulté, mais elles ne constituent toujours pas une politique cohérente pour la protection sociale.Il y a un consensus autour de l’avènement d’une loi de programmation sur l’autonomie ou d’une loi pluriannuelle sur les besoins de santé ; mais quel gouvernement pourra les exécuter ?Notre groupe maintient la position qui est la sienne depuis le début des débats : responsabilité et lucidité – pour nos comptes publics qui sont en grande difficulté, mais aussi pour les besoins des citoyens en matière de santé et de protection sociale.Une politique de réduction des dépenses, dans un objectif purement comptable, ne constitue pas une bonne politique.Nous avons obtenu d’autres avancées, justifiant notre refus de voter cette motion de censure, mais il faudra faire bien davantage pour pérenniser notre modèle de protection sociale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT. – M. Elie Califer applaudit également.)",
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   "analysis_text": "…ou encore la hausse de la taxe de solidarité sur les billets d’avion pour l’outre-mer et la Corse.Ces mesures non seulement ne reflètent pas notre travail parlementaire mais elles traduisent de surcroît un manque de préparation et de transparence. Elles appellent à une vigilance de tous les instants. Le gouvernement a indiqué renoncer à certaines de ces dispositions. Nous lui en donnons acte, mais cette méthode est loin d’être satisfaisante.Accepter qu’on légifère par la procédure prévue à l’article 49.3, c’est prendre le risque de l’arbitraire. Certaines décisions du gouvernement ne correspondent pas à ce qu’il est ressorti de nos débats. Ainsi en va-t-il de l’assujettissement à la"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720838",
   "speaker": "Soumya Bourouaha",
   "quality": "Mme Soumya Bourouaha",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100-3630799",
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   "order": 835,
   "text": "Dix jours ; quatre 49.3 déclenchés : voilà pour résumer nos débats sur l’exercice budgétaire pour 2025.Je regrette d’avoir à défendre ce soir une quatrième motion de censure. Force est de constater que le socle commun d’aujourd’hui, comme la majorité d’hier, n’est pas capable de gouverner autrement que par la matraque parlementaire. Si honte il y a, elle est définitivement de votre côté. Votre profonde angoisse du débat vous pousse à des usages irraisonnés de cet outil constitutionnel, si éloigné de notre vision du débat démocratique.C’est bien parce que vous ne permettez pas le débat que nous sommes contraints d’user de tous les moyens disponibles pour en avoir un.L’examen du PLFSS avait mal débuté puisque c’est sur ce texte de loi que le gouvernement de Michel Barnier est tombé le 4 décembre dernier. À tous ceux qui pensent encore que les conclusions de la CMP constituaient un point d’équilibre, je me permets de rappeler que si tel avait été le cas, le gouvernement Barnier n’aurait pas eu besoin d’avoir recours au 49.3 pour les valider et il n’aurait pas été censuré dans la foulée.Étant donné que cette copie était mauvaise, nous aurions pu repartir d’un nouveau texte, revu et corrigé, que le Parlement aurait pu amender. Par le débat, nous aurions proposé des recettes nouvelles et des mesures inédites de justice sociale.C’était compter sans le choix malheureux de repartir du texte du Sénat et de couper court à toute discussion. Pas de possibilité de défendre des articles additionnels et in fine, nul débat. Il y aurait pourtant eu des choses à dire.Par ce texte, vous choisissez une ligne politique que nous contestons et qui consiste à vouloir faire supporter aux assurés sociaux, aux établissements de santé et à leurs personnels, les mauvais choix budgétaires des gouvernements Macron.Le déficit des hôpitaux publics devrait avoisiner 3,5 milliards d’euros en 2024, 85 % des Ehpad sont en déficit et leurs personnels, soignants et non soignants, sont fragilisés.En sus, vous envisagez de faire travailler les Français sept heures de plus par an, sans être rémunérés. C’est une des propositions des sénateurs de droite les plus mal venues. Alors que le travail paye si mal, que des millions de Français sont contraints de rogner sur toutes leurs dépenses, même les plus essentielles, comment pouvez-vous soutenir décemment une telle mesure ?Que dire aussi de votre tentative honteuse de supprimer 15 millions d’euros en faveur de la recherche pour les cancers pédiatriques ? Décision sur laquelle vous êtes revenus, fort heureusement, en réponse au tollé provoqué par tant d’indécence – celle-ci caractérisant encore trop souvent votre vision des politiques publiques.Dernière mesure en date : la volonté de ponctionner les mutuelles de santé, alors que pour compenser l’augmentation du ticket modérateur, elles ont augmenté leurs tarifs par anticipation.Certes, vous êtes revenus à la raison sur cette disposition, mais plutôt que de rendre le trop-perçu aux assurés, vous faites le choix de ponctionner ces mutuelles et donc de demander un effort supplémentaire aux assurés sociaux – quand bien même elles ont déjà augmenté leurs tarifs entre 8 % et 10 % en 2024 et que près de 3 millions de personnes n’en ont pas. C’est inacceptable.Pour tenter de répondre à ce constat alarmant, les municipalités sont de plus en plus nombreuses à proposer des mutuelles communales, mais est-ce vraiment leur rôle ?Dans ma circonscription, comme partout en France, nous ne sommes pas épargnés par les déserts médicaux. Face à cette situation, les maires se démènent pour trouver des moyens inventifs afin de faciliter l’implantation de spécialistes à l’aide d’un budget pourtant raboté.Par ailleurs, le manque de médecins n’explique pas à lui seul le non-recours de nos concitoyens aux soins. Le fait qu’il faille avancer le montant des consultations en santé et la faible généralisation du tiers payant ne favorisent pas le suivi médical. Près de six Français sur dix renoncent à des soins dont ils ont besoin et les patients qui consultent alors que leur état de santé est déjà plus que préoccupant sont nombreux. Le forfait de passage aux urgences, loin de les désengorger, a fait reculer la prise en charge des patients dont l’état de santé le nécessitait.Je suis saisie d’effroi lorsque je pense à ces femmes et ces hommes décédés dans les couloirs des urgences à cause du manque d’effectif de soignants et d’un système indécent qui les broie.Cela fait maintenant plus de six ans que nous n’avons pas pu débattre d’un texte majeur sur la santé publique. Cela fait aussi plusieurs années que nous attendons une loi sur le grand âge et qui ne vient toujours pas, malgré le scandale Orpea et la maltraitance, connue, que subissent nos aînés dans les institutions qui les accueillent.Certes, le gouvernement a pris des engagements : soutenir la suppression de l’article 23 du PLFSS, qui prévoyait un report et un plafonnement de la revalorisation des pensions de retraite ou bien l’annulation des mesures de déremboursement des consultations médicales et des médicaments initialement prévues par le gouvernement Barnier par voie réglementaire.En ce qui concerne le fonctionnement des hôpitaux publics et des Ehpad, l’Ondam, initialement augmenté de 2,8 %, le sera à hauteur de 3,3 % et l’Ondam hospitalier à hauteur de 3,6 %.J’ai tout de même le sentiment que ce que vous nous donnez d’une main, vous le reprenez de l’autre, en prenant un peu plus à chaque fois. Qu’il s’agisse de la proposition par la ministre du travail, de la santé, des solidarités et des familles de davantage mettre à contribution, par une hausse de la CSG, les retraités les plus aisés pour le financement de la protection sociale, ou du soutien de la même ministre à la proposition de faire travailler nos concitoyens sept heures de plus sans les rémunérer, ou du soutien du gouvernement au démantèlement du service de contrôle médical, de l’instauration d’une taxe « lapin » ou bien encore de la remise en cause des arrêts de travail des fonctionnaires, tous ces éléments confirment que vous vous inscrivez dans les pas de vos prédécesseurs.S’il était effectivement urgent de voter un budget, cela ne peut occulter d’autres urgences, tout aussi impérieuses : celle des besoins sociaux et sanitaires et de leur financement ou celle d’avoir un débat sur les enjeux de santé publique et d’accès aux soins, au lieu de traquer la moindre réduction de dépenses sans vision de long terme pour notre système de soins.Nous devons répondre au besoin de sécurité de nos hôpitaux et de nos Ehpad. Ils ont besoin d’une visibilité pluriannuelle pour redresser durablement leur situation. Nous devons donner à la sécurité sociale des ressources à la hauteur des besoins de nos concitoyens car là réside en vérité le meilleur gisement d’économies pour l’avenir.Puisque vous avez choisi de confisquer ces débats, le groupe GDR votera dans sa grande majorité cette motion de censure. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR. – M. Steevy Gustave applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
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   "analysis_text": "Dix jours ; quatre 49.3 déclenchés : voilà pour résumer nos débats sur l’exercice budgétaire pour 2025.Je regrette d’avoir à défendre ce soir une quatrième motion de censure. Force est de constater que le socle commun d’aujourd’hui, comme la majorité d’hier, n’est pas capable de gouverner autrement que par la matraque parlementaire. Si honte il y a, elle est définitivement de votre côté. Votre profonde angoisse du débat vous pousse à des usages irraisonnés de cet outil constitutionnel, si éloigné de notre vision du débat démocratique.C’est bien parce que vous ne permettez pas le débat que nous sommes contraints d’user de tous les moyens disponibles pour en avoir un.L’examen du PLFSS avait mal débuté puisque c’est sur ce texte de loi que le gouvernement de [PERSONNE] est tombé le 4 décembre dernier. À tous ceux qui pensent encore que les conclusions de la CMP constituaient un point d’équilibre, je me permets de rappeler que si tel avait été le cas, le gouvernement Barnier n’aurait pas eu besoin d’avoir recours au 49.3 pour les valider et il n’aurait pas été censuré dans la foulée.Étant donné que cette copie était mauvaise, nous aurions pu repartir d’un nouveau texte, revu et corrigé, que le Parlement aurait pu amender. Par le débat, nous aurions proposé des recettes nouvelles et des mesures inédites de justice sociale.C’était compter sans le choix malheureux de repartir du texte du Sénat et de couper court à toute discussion. Pas de possibilité de défendre des articles additionnels et in fine, nul débat. Il y aurait pourtant eu des choses à dire.Par ce texte, vous choisissez une ligne politique que nous contestons et qui consiste à vouloir faire supporter aux assurés sociaux, aux établissements de santé et à leurs personnels, les mauvais choix budgétaires des gouvernements Macron.Le déficit des hôpitaux publics devrait avoisiner 3,5 milliards d’euros en 2024, 85 % des Ehpad sont en déficit et leurs personnels, soignants et non soignants, sont fragilisés.En sus, vous envisagez de faire travailler les Français sept heures de plus par an, sans être rémunérés. C’est une des propositions des sénateurs de droite les plus mal venues. Alors que le travail paye si mal, que des millions de Français sont contraints de rogner sur toutes leurs dépenses, même les plus essentielles, comment pouvez-vous soutenir décemment une telle mesure ?Que dire aussi de votre tentative honteuse de supprimer 15 millions d’euros en faveur de la recherche pour les cancers pédiatriques ? Décision sur laquelle vous êtes revenus, fort heureusement, en réponse au tollé provoqué par tant d’indécence – celle-ci caractérisant encore trop souvent votre vision des politiques publiques.Dernière mesure en date : la volonté de ponctionner les mutuelles de santé, alors que pour compenser l’augmentation du ticket modérateur, elles ont augmenté leurs tarifs par anticipation.Certes, vous êtes revenus à la raison sur cette disposition, mais plutôt que de rendre le trop-perçu aux assurés, vous faites le choix de ponctionner ces mutuelles et donc de demander un effort supplémentaire aux assurés sociaux – quand bien même elles ont déjà augmenté leurs tarifs entre 8 % et 10 % en 2024 et que près de 3 millions de personnes n’en ont pas. C’est inacceptable.Pour tenter de répondre à ce constat alarmant, les municipalités sont de plus en plus nombreuses à proposer des mutuelles communales, mais est-ce vraiment leur rôle ?Dans ma circonscription, comme partout en France, nous ne sommes pas épargnés par les déserts médicaux. Face à cette situation, les maires se démènent pour trouver des moyens inventifs afin de faciliter l’implantation de spécialistes à l’aide d’un budget pourtant raboté.Par ailleurs, le manque de médecins n’explique pas à lui seul le non-recours de nos concitoyens aux soins. Le fait qu’il faille avancer le montant des consultations en santé et la faible généralisation du tiers payant ne favorisent pas le suivi médical. Près de six Français sur dix renoncent à des soins dont ils ont besoin et les patients qui consultent alors que leur état de santé est déjà plus que préoccupant sont nombreux. Le forfait de passage aux urgences, loin de les désengorger, a fait reculer la prise en charge des patients dont l’état de santé le nécessitait.Je suis saisie d’effroi lorsque je pense à ces femmes et ces hommes décédés dans les couloirs des urgences à cause du manque d’effectif de soignants et d’un système indécent qui les broie.Cela fait maintenant plus de six ans que nous n’avons pas pu débattre d’un texte majeur sur la santé publique. Cela fait aussi plusieurs années que nous attendons une loi sur le grand âge et qui ne vient toujours pas, malgré le scandale Orpea et la maltraitance, connue, que subissent nos aînés dans les institutions qui les accueillent.Certes, le gouvernement a pris des engagements : soutenir la suppression de l’article 23 du PLFSS, qui prévoyait un report et un plafonnement de la revalorisation des pensions de retraite ou bien l’annulation des mesures de déremboursement des consultations médicales et des médicaments initialement prévues par le gouvernement Barnier par voie réglementaire.En ce qui concerne le fonctionnement des hôpitaux publics et des Ehpad, l’Ondam, initialement augmenté de 2,8 %, le sera à hauteur de 3,3 % et l’Ondam hospitalier à hauteur de 3,6 %.J’ai tout de même le sentiment que ce que vous nous donnez d’une main, vous le reprenez de l’autre, en prenant un peu plus à chaque fois. Qu’il s’agisse de la proposition par la ministre du travail, de la santé, des solidarités et des familles de davantage mettre à contribution, par une hausse de la CSG, les retraités les plus aisés pour le financement de la protection sociale, ou du soutien de la même ministre à la proposition de faire travailler nos concitoyens sept heures de plus sans les rémunérer, ou du soutien du gouvernement au démantèlement du service de contrôle médical, de l’instauration d’une taxe « lapin » ou bien encore de la remise en cause des arrêts de travail des fonctionnaires, tous ces éléments confirment que vous vous inscrivez dans les pas de vos prédécesseurs.S’il était effectivement urgent de voter un budget, cela ne peut occulter d’autres urgences, tout aussi impérieuses : celle des besoins sociaux et sanitaires et de leur financement ou celle d’avoir un débat sur les enjeux de santé publique et d’accès aux soins, au lieu de traquer la moindre réduction de dépenses sans vision de long terme pour notre système de soins.Nous devons répondre au besoin de sécurité de nos hôpitaux et de nos Ehpad. Ils ont besoin d’une visibilité pluriannuelle pour redresser durablement leur situation. Nous devons donner à la sécurité sociale des ressources à la hauteur des besoins de nos concitoyens car là réside en vérité le meilleur gisement d’économies pour l’avenir.Puisque vous avez choisi de confisquer ces débats, le groupe [GROUPE] votera dans sa grande majorité cette motion de censure. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA840773",
   "speaker": "Olivier Fayssat",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Fayssat",
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   "text": "Cela étant, l’orateur change, mais le message reste similaire. La troisième partie du PLFSS ne nous convient pas plus que les deux premières, toutefois, nous poursuivrons en direction de la stabilité et nous ne censurerons pas.Annoncer un plan en trois parties en brisant si tôt le suspense est un exercice périlleux. Il m’oblige à une certaine concision car il serait redondant de s’étendre une fois de plus sur certaines de nos lignes rouges qui n’ont pas été franchies. La désindexation des retraites, qui aurait obligé les retraités à financer l’inflation, a ainsi été abandonnée, de même que le déremboursement des soins, quand bien même ce ne seront plus les patients qui paieront le milliard d’euros supplémentaires, mais les mutuelles, ce qui se répercutera sur les cotisations.Contenez néanmoins votre joie car nous conservons encore quelques points d’insatisfaction. Nous restons donc dans l’opposition.Je me contenterai de citer à titre principal et non exhaustif quelques arbitrages qui nous laissent perplexes.La ponction de 1 milliard d’euros sur les mutuelles, qui, en réalité, pèse sur les Français, risque de devenir durable, puisque les tarifs ont été augmentés par anticipation.L’alourdissement des charges générales acquittées par les entreprises, d’abord prévu à 4 milliards d’euros, sera finalement de 1,6 milliard d’euros ; le fardeau s’en trouve allégé mais n’est pas supprimé. Pour les apprentis et les jeunes entreprises, cela représente 450 millions d’euros de charges supplémentaires, contre 960 millions en première lecture.Nous ne cautionnons pas non plus la nouvelle taxation des boissons sucrées, du tabac et des sachets de nicotine. Elle apparaît comme une bonne idée sur le papier mais elle constitue une manière détournée de ponctionner les Français sans assumer de véritables réformes structurelles. Elle est l’expression d’un réflexe fiscal, alors que la France est déjà le pays où les prélèvements obligatoires sont les plus élevés.Nous regrettons aussi de ne toujours pas voir de concession sur l’introduction d’une dose de capitalisation dans notre système de retraites. Pourtant, le choc démographique et financier qui s’annonce ne se réglera pas à coups d’ajustements comptables.Enfin, l’AME, reste quasiment intouchée. C’est de nouveau refuser d’aborder un sujet qui mérite un débat sérieux.",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "de citer à titre principal et non exhaustif quelques arbitrages qui nous laissent perplexes.La ponction de 1 milliard d’euros sur les mutuelles, qui, en réalité, pèse sur les Français, risque de devenir durable, puisque les tarifs ont été augmentés par anticipation.L’alourdissement des charges générales acquittées par les entreprises, d’abord prévu à 4 milliards d’euros, sera finalement de 1,6 milliard d’euros ; le fardeau s’en trouve allégé mais n’est pas supprimé. Pour les apprentis et les jeunes entreprises, cela représente 450 millions d’euros de charges supplémentaires, contre 960 millions en première lecture.Nous ne cautionnons pas non plus la nouvelle taxation des boissons sucrées, du tabac et des sachets de nicotine. Elle apparaît comme une bonne idée sur le papier mais elle constitue une manière détournée de ponctionner les Français sans assumer de véritables réformes structurelles. Elle est l’expression d’un réflexe fiscal, alors que la France est déjà le pays où les prélèvements obligatoires sont les plus élevés.Nous regrettons aussi de ne toujours pas voir de concession sur l’introduction d’une dose de capitalisation dans notre système de retraites. Pourtant, le choc démographique et financier qui s’annonce ne se réglera pas à coups d’ajustements comptables.Enfin, l’AME, reste quasiment intouchée. C’est de nouveau refuser d’aborder"
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   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29021",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N100.html",
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   "speaker": "Olivier Fayssat",
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   "order": 875,
   "text": "Bref, à ces quelques joies, s’ajoutent aussi des peines.Ne vous méprenez pas sur mon intervention : nous savons que les mesures indispensables ne pourront être prises que par une majorité courageuse, donc dès que les urnes auront porté notre alliance au pouvoir.Dans cet intervalle que nous espérons bref dans l’intérêt de la France, nous accepterons de subir, dans les limites du respect de nos valeurs fondatrices, certaines faiblesses de votre part, déjà aux frontières du supportable, qu’il s’agisse d’un déficit devenant structurel – 18 milliards d’euros en 2024, 23 milliards en 2025, 16 milliards annoncés pour 2028, sous réserve que les prévisions soient justes –, de l’absence totale de vraies économies – on rabote ici et là, mais on ne s’attaque pas aux racines du problème –, d’une lutte contre la fraude sociale encore bien timide – on en parle, on la renforce un peu, mais toujours pas de carte Vitale biométrique à l’horizon.Nous vous donnons donc rendez-vous, dans très peu de temps, pour un travail sérieux sur ces questions.Notre intérêt à tous est que la sécurité sociale protège tous les Français et qu’elle ne fasse pas peser un poids insupportable sur la croissance et l’emploi, seules manières de garantir aux générations futures la même protection contre les risques de la vie.Monsieur le premier ministre, certains de nos adversaires ne vous ont pas ménagé et je ne m’associe en aucun cas aux incorrections et autres inélégances dont ils se sont rendus coupables.J’espère que vous aurez apprécié cette parenthèse de douceur, sans brutalité ni agressivité. Je suis certain néanmoins que votre sagesse n’y verra pas des acquis que nous n’entendons pas vous concéder. À l’UDR, nous sommes attachés à une expression courtoise et mesurée, qui ne saurait cependant altérer une détermination sans faille. L’UDR ne menace pas, mais elle vous aura prévenu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN.)",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
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   "analysis_text": "Bref, à ces quelques joies, s’ajoutent aussi des peines.Ne vous méprenez pas sur mon intervention : nous savons que les mesures indispensables ne pourront être prises que par une majorité courageuse, donc dès que les urnes auront porté notre alliance au pouvoir.Dans cet intervalle que nous espérons bref dans l’intérêt de la France, nous accepterons de subir, dans les limites du respect de nos valeurs fondatrices, certaines faiblesses de votre part, déjà aux frontières du supportable, qu’il s’agisse d’un déficit devenant structurel – 18 milliards d’euros en 2024, 23 milliards en 2025, 16 milliards annoncés pour 2028, sous réserve que les prévisions soient justes –, de l’absence totale de vraies économies – on rabote ici et là, mais on ne s’attaque pas aux racines du problème –, d’une lutte contre la fraude sociale encore bien timide – on en parle, on la renforce un peu, mais toujours pas de carte Vitale biométrique à l’horizon.Nous vous donnons donc rendez-vous, dans très peu de temps, pour un travail sérieux sur ces questions.Notre intérêt à tous est que la sécurité sociale protège tous les Français et qu’elle ne fasse pas peser un poids insupportable sur la croissance et l’emploi, seules manières de garantir aux générations futures la même protection contre les risques de la vie.Monsieur le premier ministre, certains de nos adversaires ne vous ont pas ménagé et je ne m’associe en aucun cas aux incorrections et autres inélégances dont ils se sont rendus coupables.J’espère que vous aurez apprécié cette parenthèse de douceur, sans brutalité ni agressivité. Je suis certain néanmoins que votre sagesse n’y verra pas des acquis que nous n’entendons pas vous concéder. À l’[GROUPE], nous sommes attachés à une expression courtoise et mesurée, qui ne saurait cependant altérer une détermination sans faille. L’[GROUPE] ne menace pas, mais elle vous aura prévenu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
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  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
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   "order": 450,
   "text": "Dans ce projet, les dépenses sociales continueraient d’augmenter de 1,6 % en 2026, ce qui représente 11 milliards de plus pour la protection sociale des Français, répartis entre la branche maladie pour 5 milliards, la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles (AT-MP) pour 0,5 milliard, la branche vieillesse pour 4 milliards et la branche autonomie pour 1,5 milliard. Le gouvernement a bel et bien proposé une hausse de 11 milliards des dépenses sociales après avoir prévu que les recettes augmentent de plus de 16 milliards grâce à de nouvelles mesures.Dans le champ de la santé, les moyens de l’hôpital continueront à croître, contrairement à ce que l’on entend dire, de 2,6 milliards d’euros, sans parler du milliard supplémentaire que nous prévoyons pour le secteur médico-social. Dans ce projet, et j’insiste sur le mot « projet », le gouvernement veut également préserver les dépenses qui améliorent la qualité de la prise en charge, l’accès aux soins et les conditions de travail des soignants. Nous vous proposons par ailleurs de réguler les dépenses les moins efficaces en baissant le remboursement de certains médicaments à faible intérêt thérapeutique, en encadrant les dépassements d’honoraire excessifs, en renforçant la lutte contre la fraude et contre les arrêts maladie injustifiés, et en responsabilisant davantage les professionnels pour améliorer la pertinence des parcours.Nous voulons que l’effort soit partagé et que chacun contribue selon ses moyens. C’est pourquoi les assurés qui le peuvent contribueraient davantage, par le rehaussement des franchises médicales et des participations forfaitaires – mais rappelons-le, un quart des Français les plus modestes en seraient évidemment exonérés. Une contribution exceptionnelle serait demandée aux organismes complémentaires et le secteur du médicament, en forte croissance, participerait lui aussi à l’effort collectif à hauteur de 3 milliards d’euros. Notre objectif est de ramener l’Ondam à 8,8 % de notre richesse nationale, c’est-à-dire à son niveau de 2024. Nous avons à cœur de stabiliser la dépense de santé dans le PIB à son niveau de l’année dernière.Ces quelques choix que nous vous proposons sont évidemment à débattre mais ils témoignent de notre ambition de préserver la protection sociale autour des trois principes que sont le travail, l’équité et la prévention.Le travail d’abord, parce que le financement de nos droits sociaux repose depuis 1945 sur les cotisations.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "analysis_text": "Dans ce projet, les dépenses sociales continueraient d’augmenter de 1,6 % en 2026, ce qui représente 11 milliards de plus pour la protection sociale des Français, répartis entre la branche maladie pour 5 milliards, la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles (AT-MP) pour 0,5 milliard, la branche vieillesse pour 4 milliards et la branche autonomie pour 1,5 milliard. Le gouvernement a bel et bien proposé une hausse de 11 milliards des dépenses sociales après avoir prévu que les recettes augmentent de plus de 16 milliards grâce à de nouvelles mesures.Dans le champ de la santé, les moyens de l’hôpital continueront à croître, contrairement à ce que l’on entend dire, de 2,6 milliards d’euros, sans parler du milliard supplémentaire que nous prévoyons pour le secteur médico-social. Dans ce projet, et j’insiste sur le mot « projet », le gouvernement veut également préserver les dépenses qui améliorent la qualité de la prise en charge, l’accès aux soins et les conditions de travail des soignants. Nous vous proposons par ailleurs de réguler les dépenses les moins efficaces en baissant le remboursement de certains médicaments à faible intérêt thérapeutique, en encadrant les dépassements d’honoraire excessifs, en renforçant la lutte contre la fraude et contre les arrêts maladie injustifiés, et en responsabilisant davantage les professionnels pour améliorer la pertinence des parcours.Nous voulons que l’effort soit partagé et que chacun contribue selon ses moyens. C’est pourquoi les assurés qui le peuvent contribueraient davantage, par le rehaussement des franchises médicales et des participations forfaitaires – mais rappelons-le, un quart des Français les plus modestes en seraient évidemment exonérés. Une contribution exceptionnelle serait demandée aux organismes complémentaires et le secteur du médicament, en forte croissance, participerait lui aussi à l’effort collectif à hauteur de 3 milliards d’euros. Notre objectif est de ramener l’Ondam à 8,8 % de notre richesse nationale, c’est-à-dire à son niveau de 2024. Nous avons à cœur de stabiliser la dépense de santé dans le PIB à son niveau de l’année dernière.Ces quelques choix que nous vous proposons sont évidemment à débattre mais ils témoignent de notre ambition de préserver la protection sociale autour des trois principes que sont le travail, l’équité et la prévention.Le travail d’abord, parce que le financement de nos droits sociaux repose depuis 1945 sur les cotisations."
  },
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   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883186",
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   "order": 456,
   "text": "Si le nombre de travailleurs baisse, nous devons adapter les droits ouverts, notamment dans le champ des retraites, conformément au principe même de la retraite par répartition.Le deuxième principe, c’est l’équité parce que chaque euro de la protection sociale doit aller à celles et ceux qui en ont le plus besoin. Nous agissons également pour renforcer la solidarité intergénérationnelle et corriger les inégalités entre les hommes et les femmes.La prévention enfin : ce PLFSS 2026 la renforce en associant mieux les acteurs aux politiques de vaccination, à la lutte contre les maladies chroniques et au développement de l’habitat intermédiaire pour les personnes âgées, ainsi qu’en prévenant plus efficacement les risques professionnels. Je sais que c’est une fierté pour vous, mesdames les ministres Stéphanie Rist et Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq.Avant de conclure, j’évoquerai le projet de loi de lutte contre les fraudes sociales et fiscales car c’est un complément indispensable à ce PLFSS.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "annotation_id": "Na48d5cba78b1",
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   "analysis_text": "Si le nombre de travailleurs baisse, nous devons adapter les droits ouverts, notamment dans le champ des retraites, conformément au principe même de la retraite par répartition.Le deuxième principe, c’est l’équité parce que chaque euro de la protection sociale doit aller à celles et ceux qui en ont le plus besoin. Nous agissons également pour renforcer la solidarité intergénérationnelle et corriger les inégalités entre les hommes et les femmes.La prévention enfin : ce PLFSS 2026 la renforce en associant mieux les acteurs aux politiques de vaccination, à la lutte contre les maladies chroniques et au développement de l’habitat intermédiaire pour les personnes âgées, ainsi qu’en prévenant plus efficacement les risques professionnels. Je sais que c’est une fierté pour vous, mesdames les ministres [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE].Avant de conclure, j’évoquerai le projet de loi de lutte contre les fraudes sociales et fiscales car c’est un complément indispensable à ce PLFSS."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
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   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883191",
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   "order": 461,
   "text": "Le premier ministre a choisi d’y consacrer un texte spécifique pour que soient abordées ensemble, de manière décloisonnée, la fraude fiscale et la fraude sociale. C’est une question de justice et de confiance dans notre modèle. Les travaux parlementaires s’ouvriront dès les prochains jours au Sénat, puis ici dans les meilleurs délais, et permettront, je le sais, monsieur le rapporteur général, d’inclure des mesures que beaucoup parmi vous veulent voir advenir mais qui manquent encore souvent d’un véhicule juridique.Faire ces choix aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas faire le choix de l’austérité ou de la coupe aveugle.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "last_order": 461,
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   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883191",
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   "words": 95,
   "annotation_id": "N9e8a47c2e7e2",
   "r": "X",
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   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le premier ministre a choisi d’y consacrer un texte spécifique pour que soient abordées ensemble, de manière décloisonnée, la fraude fiscale et la fraude sociale. C’est une question de justice et de confiance dans notre modèle. Les travaux parlementaires s’ouvriront dès les prochains jours au Sénat, puis ici dans les meilleurs délais, et permettront, je le sais, monsieur le rapporteur général, d’inclure des mesures que beaucoup parmi vous veulent voir advenir mais qui manquent encore souvent d’un véhicule juridique.Faire ces choix aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas faire le choix de l’austérité ou de la coupe aveugle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883202",
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   "order": 472,
   "text": "De compromis d’abord, puisque la copie initiale du gouvernement, désormais entre vos mains, est loin d’être définitive. Fidèle à l’esprit de responsabilité et de dialogue voulu par le premier ministre, le gouvernement propose, nous débattons, et à la fin, vous votez. D’ambition ensuite car, malgré le contexte budgétaire contraint, le PLFSS que nous vous présentons comporte une hausse de plus de 1,5 milliard pour l’autonomie. En ce sens, c’est important de le rappeler dans cet hémicycle, l’adoption de ce texte est essentielle car, au-delà des chiffres, il est porteur de mesures nouvelles, concrètes et attendues, afin de répondre aux besoins des personnes âgées, des personnes handicapées et de leurs familles.Le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, c’est d’abord la poursuite du plan « 50 000 solutions » afin de transformer durablement l’offre médico-sociale pour les personnes en situation de handicap : 250 millions d’euros supplémentaires pour l’année 2026 permettront ainsi de réaliser 22 000 nouvelles solutions d’ici la fin de l’année prochaine. Pour répondre aux difficultés de nos concitoyens qui attendent parfois de longs mois, pour ne pas dire des années, une réponse à leur demande d’aide, il nous faut aussi simplifier encore davantage les procédures d’accès à leurs droits. À la suite du Tour de France du premier semestre 2025, j’ai annoncé un plan d’action autour de dix-huit mesures que l’adoption de ce budget permettrait de financer.Vous le savez, je souhaite aussi que nous repensions le modèle de la prise en charge des personnes âgées. Ce PLFSS témoigne d’une conviction forte, celle que l’autodétermination des personnes accompagnées doit être le fil conducteur de l’ensemble de la politique médico-sociale. Cela suppose de renforcer notre action dans plusieurs secteurs, à commencer par la prévention des maltraitances, une priorité que nous partageons tous ici et qui doit continuer à se traduire au quotidien dans toutes les organisations. Ce texte permet de poursuivre cette stratégie, notamment par la hausse du taux d’encadrement : 4 500 professionnels supplémentaires seront recrutés en Ehpad pour environ 250 millions d’euros.Ensuite, s’agissant du maintien à domicile, le PLFSS 2026 prévoit de créer de nouvelles places dans les Ssiad, les services de soins infirmiers à domicile, et de renforcer les centres de ressources territoriaux. Il s’agit ainsi de mieux soutenir les professionnels et d’offrir aux personnes accompagnées des parcours de soins cohérents dans l’ensemble du territoire.Enfin, parce que nous voulons offrir aux personnes âgées une solution alternative à l’Ehpad quand il est devenu difficile de rester à son domicile, 100 millions d’euros seront consacrés au développement de l’habitat partagé. C’est une réponse humaine et sociale à l’isolement, une façon de vivre autrement le vieillissement.Au-delà de ces nouveaux engagements, le budget 2026 traduit la volonté du gouvernement de continuer à soutenir les établissements et services sociaux et médico-sociaux (ESMS). C’est pourquoi plus de 300 millions d’euros financeront la hausse des coûts liés à l’inflation. Je le répète : les moyens ne sont pas gelés et nous garantirons la continuité et la qualité de l’accompagnement.J’en profite pour revenir sur les nombreuses approximations, quand ce ne sont pas de fausses informations, que j’ai entendues au sujet de la réforme du financement des ESMS, inscrite à l’article 36 du texte.Il ne s’agit en aucun cas d’une tarification à l’acte puisque le nouveau mode de financement reposera sur deux volets complémentaires : un volet forfaitaire et un volet variable. Ce modèle, loin d’être improvisé, est l’aboutissement de dix années de travail et de concertation avec l’ensemble des acteurs du secteur.Pour toutes ces raisons, je souhaite que les débats permettent d’adopter le PLFSS ainsi que toutes les mesures nouvelles nécessaires pour répondre aux besoins des personnes les plus vulnérables de notre pays. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR, DR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "last_order": 472,
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   "annotation_id": "N20e4518cacaa",
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   "s": "-",
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   "analysis_text": "financer.Vous le savez, je souhaite aussi que nous repensions le modèle de la prise en charge des personnes âgées. Ce PLFSS témoigne d’une conviction forte, celle que l’autodétermination des personnes accompagnées doit être le fil conducteur de l’ensemble de la politique médico-sociale. Cela suppose de renforcer notre action dans plusieurs secteurs, à commencer par la prévention des maltraitances, une priorité que nous partageons tous ici et qui doit continuer à se traduire au quotidien dans toutes les organisations. Ce texte permet de poursuivre cette stratégie, notamment par la hausse du taux d’encadrement : 4 500 professionnels supplémentaires seront recrutés en Ehpad pour environ 250 millions d’euros.Ensuite, s’agissant du maintien à domicile, le PLFSS 2026 prévoit de créer de nouvelles places dans les Ssiad, les services de soins infirmiers à domicile, et de renforcer les centres de ressources territoriaux. Il s’agit ainsi de mieux soutenir les professionnels et d’offrir aux personnes accompagnées des parcours de soins cohérents dans l’ensemble du territoire.Enfin, parce que nous voulons offrir aux personnes âgées une solution alternative à l’Ehpad quand il est devenu difficile de rester à son domicile, 100 millions d’euros seront consacrés au développement de l’habitat partagé. C’est une réponse humaine et sociale à l’isolement, une façon de vivre autrement le vieillissement.Au-delà de ces nouveaux engagements, le budget 2026 traduit la volonté du gouvernement de continuer à soutenir les établissements et services sociaux et médico-sociaux (ESMS). C’est pourquoi plus de 300 millions d’euros financeront la hausse des coûts liés à l’inflation. Je le répète : les moyens ne sont pas gelés et nous garantirons la continuité et la qualité de l’accompagnement.J’en profite pour revenir sur les nombreuses"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
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   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883211",
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   "order": 482,
   "text": "L’exercice budgétaire auquel nous nous livrons cette année est hors-norme. Sur le plan politique d’abord puisque, comme l’année dernière, les circonstances ont conduit à ce que le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale soit déposé à l’Assemblée nationale bien après l’expiration des délais organiques. Nommé deux jours avant le dépôt du texte, le nouveau gouvernement n’a eu qu’un temps très réduit pour s’approprier un projet de loi préparé par le précédent, et qui plus est, de son aveu même, imparfait et inabouti.Hors-norme, cet exercice devrait l’être également sur le plan procédural : le premier ministre a pris en effet l’engagement solennel de renoncer à utiliser l’article 49, alinéa 3, de la Constitution. Cet engagement est à saluer. Il répond à l’aspiration de nos concitoyens à plus de respect des délibérations parlementaires mais il oblige aussi le gouvernement et tous les groupes politiques à un exercice exigeant : celui du débat parlementaire, du compromis et du dialogue. Or que constatons-nous ? Une commission saisie dans des délais très courts, sur la base d’un calendrier maintes fois modifié, un temps trop bref laissé aux députés pour discuter, négocier et bâtir des compromis, et une lettre rectificative déposée à la hâte, une semaine après le dépôt du PLFSS, pour intégrer un article 45 bis décalant le calendrier du report de l’âge de départ à la retraite, fruit d’une négociation bilatérale avec un seul groupe politique, au détriment de la transparence et du travail collectif.Ainsi, alors qu’on nous promettait à l’envi, « le temps le plus parlementaire de la Ve République », on a surtout vu de la précipitation. Pourtant, la commission des affaires sociales a fait un travail sérieux et de bonne qualité.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’exercice budgétaire auquel nous nous livrons cette année est hors-norme. Sur le plan politique d’abord puisque, comme l’année dernière, les circonstances ont conduit à ce que le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale soit déposé à l’Assemblée nationale bien après l’expiration des délais organiques. Nommé deux jours avant le dépôt du texte, le nouveau gouvernement n’a eu qu’un temps très réduit pour s’approprier un projet de loi préparé par le précédent, et qui plus est, de son aveu même, imparfait et inabouti.Hors-norme, cet exercice devrait l’être également sur le plan procédural : le premier ministre a pris en effet l’engagement solennel de renoncer à utiliser l’article 49, alinéa 3, de la Constitution. Cet engagement est à saluer. Il répond à l’aspiration de nos concitoyens à plus de respect des délibérations parlementaires mais il oblige aussi le gouvernement et tous les groupes politiques à un exercice exigeant : celui du débat parlementaire, du compromis et du dialogue. Or que constatons-nous ? Une commission saisie dans des délais très courts, sur la base d’un calendrier maintes fois modifié, un temps trop bref laissé aux députés pour discuter, négocier et bâtir des compromis, et une lettre rectificative déposée à la hâte, une semaine après le dépôt du PLFSS, pour intégrer un article 45 bis décalant le calendrier du report de l’âge de départ à la retraite, fruit d’une négociation bilatérale avec un seul groupe politique, au détriment de la transparence et du travail collectif.Ainsi, alors qu’on nous promettait à l’envi, « le temps le plus parlementaire de la Ve République », on a surtout vu de la précipitation. Pourtant, la commission des affaires sociales a fait un travail sérieux et de bonne qualité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883241",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 510,
   "text": "Comme cela a été dit, nous fêtons les 80 ans de la sécurité sociale. Forme la plus avancée de démocratie ouvrière, elle a permis de gagner vingt ans d’espérance de vie depuis 1945 (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP) mais elle est une institution populaire dont, réforme après réforme, la Macronie veut la mort. Entre vos mains, le principe « De chacun selon ses moyens, à chacun selon ses besoins » est devenu « De chacun – sauf les riches –, à chacun selon ce qui reste ». Ambroise Croizat ne doit cesser de se retourner dans sa tombe. (Mêmes mouvements.)Dans ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, on ne discute ni de nos besoins, ni de nos droits, ni de la façon de remplir les caisses. Le texte a été présenté comme ambitieux. Il l’est assurément, puisqu’on doit choisir entre des coupes catastrophiques et des coupes désastreuses. Belle ambition, beau choix ! (Mêmes mouvements.) L’objectif semble être d’éviter la moindre contribution au grand patronat et de permettre à quelques familles de partir skier à Dubaï cet hiver. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Depuis sa création en 2021, la branche autonomie est dépourvue de moyens comme de vision, ainsi qu’en témoigne l’évolution des bilans financiers. En 2021, il manquait 400 millions d’euros ; en 2023, 1 milliard ; cette année, il manque 1,7 milliard. Bravo la Macronie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Chaque année est pire que la précédente alors qu’étant donné les besoins, on aurait pu espérer un sursaut de votre part, une fois dans votre existence. La loi sur le grand âge promise n’est jamais arrivée et celle de 2005 sur le handicap n’est pas appliquée. En Macronie, l’autonomie n’est pas un droit fondamental, mais une prestation de services réservée à celles et ceux qui en ont les moyens. (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 510,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883241",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 311,
   "annotation_id": "N27b5e7b6ab5e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme cela a été dit, nous fêtons les 80 ans de la sécurité sociale. Forme la plus avancée de démocratie ouvrière, elle a permis de gagner vingt ans d’espérance de vie depuis 1945 (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) mais elle est une institution populaire dont, réforme après réforme, la Macronie veut la mort. Entre vos mains, le principe « De chacun selon ses moyens, à chacun selon ses besoins » est devenu « De chacun – sauf les riches –, à chacun selon ce qui reste ». Ambroise Croizat ne doit cesser de se retourner dans sa tombe. (Mêmes mouvements.)Dans ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, on ne discute ni de nos besoins, ni de nos droits, ni de la façon de remplir les caisses. Le texte a été présenté comme ambitieux. Il l’est assurément, puisqu’on doit choisir entre des coupes catastrophiques et des coupes désastreuses. Belle ambition, beau choix ! (Mêmes mouvements.) L’objectif semble être d’éviter la moindre contribution au grand patronat et de permettre à quelques familles de partir skier à Dubaï cet hiver. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Depuis sa création en 2021, la branche autonomie est dépourvue de moyens comme de vision, ainsi qu’en témoigne l’évolution des bilans financiers. En 2021, il manquait 400 millions d’euros ; en 2023, 1 milliard ; cette année, il manque 1,7 milliard. Bravo la Macronie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Chaque année est pire que la précédente alors qu’étant donné les besoins, on aurait pu espérer un sursaut de votre part, une fois dans votre existence. La loi sur le grand âge promise n’est jamais arrivée et celle de 2005 sur le handicap n’est pas appliquée. En Macronie, l’autonomie n’est pas un droit fondamental, mais une prestation de services réservée à celles et ceux qui en ont les moyens. (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883245",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3883245"
   ],
   "order": 514,
   "text": "Aujourd’hui, les grands groupes financiers se gavent sur le dos de nos anciens, à qui ils volent les économies de toute une vie pour une place en Ehpad. Le grand capital réussit à récupérer ce qu’on lui a arraché au travers de l’assurance vieillesse en encaissant la pension de retraite obtenue par les travailleuses et les travailleurs après toute une vie de cotisant, sous forme de factures pour une chambre d’Ehpad. (Mêmes mouvements. – M. Ian Boucard s’exclame.) Arrêtez de faire le singe, je vous répondrai ensuite !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 514,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883245",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "N136b165cdf6e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Aujourd’hui, les grands groupes financiers se gavent sur le dos de nos anciens, à qui ils volent les économies de toute une vie pour une place en Ehpad. Le grand capital réussit à récupérer ce qu’on lui a arraché au travers de l’assurance vieillesse en encaissant la pension de retraite obtenue par les travailleuses et les travailleurs après toute une vie de cotisant, sous forme de factures pour une chambre d’Ehpad. (Mêmes mouvements. – M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Arrêtez de faire le singe, je vous répondrai ensuite !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_sha256": "6a77b0a408449b8f28f0e0e948303292d7d7127d5cbd6be22cdaf95899455f02",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883247",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3883247"
   ],
   "order": 516,
   "text": "Quant aux personnes en situation de handicap, elles se saignent pour payer des restes à charge et sont marginalisées en raison des défaillances en matière d’accessibilité.Voici la réalité actuelle, en France, de la perte d’autonomie, qui n’est jamais une défaillance individuelle. Elle résulte toujours d’obstacles délibérés qu’un ordre social oppose à l’épanouissement de toutes et de tous. Cette ségrégation débute avec l’absence d’accompagnants d’élèves en situation de handicap (AESH) à l’école et s’achève, à la fin de l’existence, avec la concentration de personnes âgées dans des mouroirs facturés à prix d’or. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Aucune des mesures du PLFSS consacrées à la branche autonomie n’améliorera les conditions de vie de nos anciens ou des personnes en situation de handicap. Les seuls éléments utiles du texte ont été gagnés contre le gouvernement, par exemple grâce à l’amendement de La France insoumise qui chasse Orpea hors de nos vies avec une idée assez simple : tout Ehpad qui a reçu à tort des fonds publics ne pourra plus y prétendre. (Mêmes mouvements.) C’est utile et efficace.Vous annoncez dans ce PLFSS que vous allez compenser la moitié des frais engagés par les départements pour la prime Ségur. Vous êtes trop bons ! Une goutte dans le verre, et vous voulez faire croire qu’il est plein. En réalité, les départements continueront à payer la moitié de la revalorisation, qui ne concerne de plus qu’une partie des personnels puisque les effectifs administratifs et techniques sont toujours maintenus en dehors du dispositif. Exclu aussi le personnel des associations : à cause de l’absence de compensation des revalorisations, de nombreuses structures comme Aides, la Croix-Rouge ou Act Up sont contraintes de licencier. (Mêmes mouvements.)Pire encore, avec la réforme dite Serafin-PH, pour services et établissements, réforme pour une adéquation des financements aux parcours des personnes handicapées, serpent de mer vieux de plus de quinze ans, vous proposez un nouveau financement des établissements médico-sociaux. Il s’agirait d’harmoniser les tarifs – à budget constant, c’est-à-dire en déshabillant Pierre pour habiller Paul – dans l’opacité la plus totale. En effet, le tarif ne sera pas défini par la loi mais fixé par décret. Ainsi, trois macronistes réunis dans une salle obscure vont décider de la future tarification. Même surveillés, vous faites n’importe quoi. Alors sans surveillance, je n’ose imaginer. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) L’article qui prévoit cette réforme a évidemment été rejeté en commission. Il le sera à nouveau dans quelques jours ici.Il en ira de même pour l’indigne article 38, qui autorise les départements à déduire de l’allocation personnalisée d’autonomie (APA) des seniors ou de la prestation de compensation du handicap (PCH) toute indemnité qu’une personne percevrait après une agression ou un accident. Non seulement le gouvernement mélange les indemnités et les compensations mais, surtout, il s’attaque à celles et à ceux qui vivent avec 800 ou 900 euros par mois pour réaliser une économie de 28 millions d’euros, soit 0,004 % des dépenses de la sécurité sociale.Ce texte gave les plus riches et prive les plus précaires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Mesdames et messieurs les ministres, votre projet est de prendre jusqu’à leur dernier euro à ceux qui survivent en étant à découvert le 15 du mois. Vous avez touché le fond – on le savait. Collègues, ne les accompagnons pas, et rejetons le texte ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP, dont plusieurs députés se lèvent.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 516,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883247",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 569,
   "annotation_id": "N701fb2dbf3ff",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "tous. Cette ségrégation débute avec l’absence d’accompagnants d’élèves en situation de handicap (AESH) à l’école et s’achève, à la fin de l’existence, avec la concentration de personnes âgées dans des mouroirs facturés à prix d’or. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Aucune des mesures du PLFSS consacrées à la branche autonomie n’améliorera les conditions de vie de nos anciens ou des personnes en situation de handicap. Les seuls éléments utiles du texte ont été gagnés contre le gouvernement, par exemple grâce à l’amendement de [GROUPE] qui chasse Orpea hors de nos vies avec une idée assez simple : tout Ehpad qui a reçu à tort des fonds publics ne pourra plus y prétendre. (Mêmes mouvements.) C’est utile et efficace.Vous annoncez dans ce PLFSS que vous allez compenser la moitié des frais engagés par les départements pour la prime Ségur. Vous êtes trop bons ! Une goutte dans le verre, et vous voulez faire croire qu’il est plein. En réalité, les départements continueront à payer la moitié de la revalorisation, qui ne concerne de plus qu’une partie des personnels puisque les effectifs administratifs et techniques sont toujours maintenus en dehors du dispositif. Exclu aussi le personnel des associations : à cause"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_sha256": "6a77b0a408449b8f28f0e0e948303292d7d7127d5cbd6be22cdaf95899455f02",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA805166",
   "speaker": "Anne Bergantz",
   "quality": "rapporteure de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883956",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3883956"
   ],
   "order": 523,
   "text": "La branche famille soutient les familles avec des objectifs clairs : compenser la charge de l’enfant dans les foyers, aider les familles modestes, contribuer à la conciliation entre vie familiale et vie professionnelle dans une logique d’égalité entre les deux parents.Le budget prévu pour cela, près de 60 milliards d’euros, représente une partie seulement des dépenses globales de la politique familiale, lesquelles s’élèvent à 100 milliards environ et comprennent les effets du quotient familial sur la fiscalité et les prestations sociales familialisées.Ce texte prévoit deux nouvelles mesures, dont nous pouvons collectivement nous réjouir. Tout d’abord, l’article 41 facilite le recouvrement des pensions alimentaires, en étendant de deux à cinq ans le délai de recours à la procédure de paiement direct de l’Agence de recouvrement et d’intermédiation des pensions alimentaires (Aripa). Une telle simplification est particulièrement bienvenue pour la caisse d’allocation familiale (CAF) et pour la Mutualité sociale agricole (MSA), mais surtout pour les familles – bien souvent monoparentales –, dont les chances de recouvrer les pensions seront maximisées. Rappelons qu’à ce jour, 30 % des pensions alimentaires ne sont pas versées, pour partie ou en totalité.J’en viens à une deuxième mesure, prévue à l’article 42 : la création d’un congé supplémentaire de naissance d’un à deux mois, ouvert à chacun des deux parents. Rémunéré à hauteur de 70 % du salaire environ le premier mois, ce congé est très attendu par les parents. Il leur permettra de rester plus longtemps auprès de leur enfant au cours des premiers mois de sa vie, dont l’importance est déterminante tant pour le développement cognitif, affectif et social que pour le bien-être et la santé, comme en attestent de nombreuses études, en particulier le rapport sur les 1 000 premiers jours.En commission, j’ai entendu deux philosophies, toutes deux entendables, mais qui risquent de détourner la mesure de ses objectifs premiers. Certains ont souhaité plus de liberté, proposant que le congé puisse être pris en temps partiel ou fractionné par semaine, quitte à faire de ce dispositif un congé à la carte, éloigné de l’objectif initial. D’autres ont voulu introduire plus de rigidité. En imposant une part non transférable pour chaque parent, dans le but, certes louable, de favoriser la parité, ils prennent le risque non négligeable de priver de fait l’un des deux parents de son droit à congé, dès lors que l’autre parent ne pourrait pas bénéficier du sien, comme cela peut arriver.Pour ma part je pense que ce congé nous permettra d’avancer naturellement vers plus d’égalité. Je fais confiance aux jeunes parents pour en discuter au sein de leur couple.Cela étant dit, je m’interroge sur deux choix de paramètres retenus par le gouvernement. D’une part, la dégressivité de l’indemnisation au deuxième mois ne me semble pas vraiment opportune, compte tenu de la courte durée – deux mois maximum – du congé. D’habitude très attentive aux implications budgétaires de nos décisions, je considère en l’occurrence que cet arbitrage pourrait inciter chacun des parents à ne prendre qu’un mois de congé. Est-ce vraiment l’objectif ? J’avais d’ailleurs déposé un amendement pour revenir sur ce principe de dégressivité. Cet amendement a bien sûr été déclaré irrecevable, mais je le regrette.D’autre part, je m’interroge sur le choix laissé aux parents de prendre ce congé simultanément ou à tour de rôle, d’autant plus que la possibilité d’opter pour la simultanéité existe déjà, puisque le père peut prendre son congé paternité ainsi qu’un mois de congé supplémentaire de naissance pendant le congé maternité de la mère. Une fois ce dernier congé terminé, je proposerai que celui que nous voulons créer ne puisse être pris qu’en alternance. La simultanéité peut certes avoir du bon pendant les deux premiers mois, afin de fournir à la mère le soutien spécifique dont elle peut légitimement considérer qu’elle a besoin pendant le post-partum. Au-delà de cette période, elle me semble en revanche contraire aux objectifs d’égalité que nous cherchons à atteindre. En effet, quand les deux parents sont avec l’enfant, le rôle du père s’en trouve souvent peu renforcé : le care tout comme les tâches ménagères demeurent alors dans le giron de la mère, tandis que le père reste bien trop souvent enfermé dans un rôle de parent auxiliaire.Dernier argument, permettre la simultanéité est assez coûteux, pour un bénéfice réel discutable : en offrant aux parents la possibilité de répartir leurs congés sur deux mois au lieu de quatre, nous divisons par deux l’effet bénéfique de la mesure sur la tension des modes de garde, que ce nouveau congé devrait aussi tendre à réduire.Pour finir, je voudrais simplement alerter sur le fait que nous aurons désormais cinq congés différents à proposer aux parents : le congé de maternité, le congé de naissance du père financé par l’employeur, le congé de paternité, le congé supplémentaire de naissance et la prestation partagée d’éducation de l’enfant (Prepare). Ces cinq congés différeront par leur durée – celle-ci varie parfois avec le rang de l’enfant dans la fratrie –, leur financement et leur indemnisation. Une remise à plat de ces congés deviendra donc, à terme, indispensable.La création de ce congé supplémentaire de naissance représente une vraie et belle avancée, et je remercie le gouvernement de l’avoir proposé dans le PLFSS. J’espère que la discussion aura lieu et que nous aurons en tête de proposer un congé dont les modalités permettent aux parents d’y avoir recours, tout simplement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, EPR et HOR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 523,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3883956",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 900,
   "annotation_id": "N68aeeef11421",
   "r": "X",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La branche famille soutient les familles avec des objectifs clairs : compenser la charge de l’enfant dans les foyers, aider les familles modestes, contribuer à la conciliation entre vie familiale et vie professionnelle dans une logique d’égalité entre les deux parents.Le budget prévu pour cela, près de 60 milliards d’euros, représente une partie seulement des dépenses globales de la politique familiale, lesquelles s’élèvent à 100 milliards environ et comprennent les effets du quotient familial sur la fiscalité et les prestations sociales familialisées.Ce texte prévoit deux nouvelles mesures, dont nous pouvons collectivement nous réjouir. Tout d’abord, l’article 41 facilite le recouvrement des pensions alimentaires, en étendant de deux à cinq ans le délai de recours à la procédure de paiement direct de l’Agence de recouvrement et d’intermédiation des pensions alimentaires (Aripa). Une telle simplification est particulièrement bienvenue pour la caisse d’allocation familiale (CAF) et pour la Mutualité sociale agricole (MSA), mais surtout pour les familles – bien souvent monoparentales –, dont les chances de recouvrer les pensions seront maximisées. Rappelons qu’à ce jour, 30 % des pensions alimentaires ne sont pas versées, pour partie ou en totalité.J’en viens à une deuxième mesure, prévue à l’article 42 : la création d’un congé supplémentaire de naissance d’un à deux mois, ouvert à chacun des deux parents. Rémunéré à hauteur de 70 % du salaire environ le premier mois, ce congé est très attendu par les parents. Il leur permettra de rester plus longtemps auprès de leur enfant au cours des premiers mois de sa vie, dont l’importance est déterminante tant pour le développement cognitif, affectif et social que pour le bien-être et la santé, comme en attestent de nombreuses études, en particulier le rapport sur les 1 000 premiers jours.En commission, j’ai entendu deux philosophies, toutes deux entendables, mais qui risquent de détourner la mesure de ses objectifs premiers. Certains ont souhaité plus de liberté, proposant que le congé puisse être pris en temps partiel ou fractionné par semaine, quitte à faire de ce dispositif un congé à la carte, éloigné de l’objectif initial. D’autres ont voulu introduire plus de rigidité. En imposant une part non transférable pour chaque parent, dans le but, certes louable, de favoriser la parité, ils prennent le risque non négligeable de priver de fait l’un des deux parents de son droit à congé, dès lors que l’autre parent ne pourrait pas bénéficier du sien, comme cela peut arriver.Pour ma part je pense que ce congé nous permettra d’avancer naturellement vers plus d’égalité. Je fais confiance aux jeunes parents pour en discuter au sein de leur couple.Cela étant dit, je m’interroge sur deux choix de paramètres retenus par le gouvernement. D’une part, la dégressivité de l’indemnisation au deuxième mois ne me semble pas vraiment opportune, compte tenu de la courte durée – deux mois maximum – du congé. D’habitude très attentive aux implications budgétaires de nos décisions, je considère en l’occurrence que cet arbitrage pourrait inciter chacun des parents à ne prendre qu’un mois de congé. Est-ce vraiment l’objectif ? J’avais d’ailleurs déposé un amendement pour revenir sur ce principe de dégressivité. Cet amendement a bien sûr été déclaré irrecevable, mais je le regrette.D’autre part, je m’interroge sur le choix laissé aux parents de prendre ce congé simultanément ou à tour de rôle, d’autant plus que la possibilité d’opter pour la simultanéité existe déjà, puisque le père peut prendre son congé paternité ainsi qu’un mois de congé supplémentaire de naissance pendant le congé maternité de la mère. Une fois ce dernier congé terminé, je proposerai que celui que nous voulons créer ne puisse être pris qu’en alternance. La simultanéité peut certes avoir du bon pendant les deux premiers mois, afin de fournir à la mère le soutien spécifique dont elle peut légitimement considérer qu’elle a besoin pendant le post-partum. Au-delà de cette période, elle me semble en revanche contraire aux objectifs d’égalité que nous cherchons à atteindre. En effet, quand les deux parents sont avec l’enfant, le rôle du père s’en trouve souvent peu renforcé : le care tout comme les tâches ménagères demeurent alors dans le giron de la mère, tandis que le père reste bien trop souvent enfermé dans un rôle de parent auxiliaire.Dernier argument, permettre la simultanéité est assez coûteux, pour un bénéfice réel discutable : en offrant aux parents la possibilité de répartir leurs congés sur deux mois au lieu de quatre, nous divisons par deux l’effet bénéfique de la mesure sur la tension des modes de garde, que ce nouveau congé devrait aussi tendre à réduire.Pour finir, je voudrais simplement alerter sur le fait que nous aurons désormais cinq congés différents à proposer aux parents : le congé de maternité, le congé de naissance du père financé par l’employeur, le congé de paternité, le congé supplémentaire de naissance et la prestation partagée d’éducation de l’enfant (Prepare). Ces cinq congés différeront par leur durée – celle-ci varie parfois avec le rang de l’enfant dans la fratrie –, leur financement et leur indemnisation. Une remise à plat de ces congés deviendra donc, à terme, indispensable.La création de ce congé supplémentaire de naissance représente une vraie et belle avancée, et je remercie le gouvernement de l’avoir proposé dans le PLFSS. J’espère que la discussion aura lieu et que nous aurons en tête de proposer un congé dont les modalités permettent aux parents d’y avoir recours, tout simplement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE] et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
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   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884055",
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   "order": 675,
   "text": "Poursuivant votre logique, vous vous attaquez aux titres-restaurant et aux chèques-vacances. Nous défendons le droit au repos pour tous les malades, mais vous nous demandez de voter une mesure de maltraitance sociale.Vous nous demandez de voter des économies sur la santé. La hausse tendancielle de l’Ondam est supérieure à 4 %. Pourtant, vous proposez, pour 2026, de limiter l’augmentation de l’Ondam à seulement 1,6 %. Cela revient à faire des économies de 7 milliards d’euros sur la santé publique.La Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) dénonce « la pire cure d’économies sur l’hôpital depuis les années 2010 » (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP) et estime que l’Ondam n’a jamais été « aussi éloigné de la hausse tendancielle des besoins ».",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
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   "last_order": 675,
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   "inclusion": "contexte",
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   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "N54ef78a87001",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Poursuivant votre logique, vous vous attaquez aux titres-restaurant et aux chèques-vacances. Nous défendons le droit au repos pour tous les malades, mais vous nous demandez de voter une mesure de maltraitance sociale.Vous nous demandez de voter des économies sur la santé. La hausse tendancielle de l’Ondam est supérieure à 4 %. Pourtant, vous proposez, pour 2026, de limiter l’augmentation de l’Ondam à seulement 1,6 %. Cela revient à faire des économies de 7 milliards d’euros sur la santé publique.La Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) dénonce « la pire cure d’économies sur l’hôpital depuis les années 2010 » (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et estime que l’Ondam n’a jamais été « aussi éloigné de la hausse tendancielle des besoins »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795108",
   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884058",
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   "order": 679,
   "text": "Alors que l’hôpital public traverse une crise sans précédent, que les services d’urgence sont contraints de trier les patients, que les soignants sont mal rémunérés et à bout de souffle ; alors que l’écrasante majorité du territoire est un désert médical et qu’il n’a jamais été aussi difficile d’accéder aux soins en médecine de ville ; alors que 8 000 lits ont été supprimés dans la psychiatrie publique depuis 2008 et que l’investissement en faveur de la santé mentale, grande cause nationale 2025, équivaut à 1,66 euro par personne, vous nous proposez de graver dans la loi un sous-financement d’ampleur de notre système de soins. Pour notre part, nous défendons une augmentation de l’Ondam de 1,1 milliard d’euros.Vous nous demandez de voter la soumission à cotisations sociales du revenu des apprentis. À cause de votre mesure, les apprentis vont perdre 100 à 200 euros de salaire net par mois. Vous osez proposer cette mesure alors que plus de 75 % d’entre eux vivent sous le seuil de pauvreté. Il est inacceptable d’exiger d’eux qu’ils soient les premiers à contribuer lorsque l’on sait que le patronat est massivement subventionné pour les contrats d’apprentissage. (« Exactement ! » et applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Nous défendons la revalorisation de la rémunération des apprentis, mais vous nous demandez de voter pour la précarisation de leurs revenus.Vous nous demandez de voter un projet qui méprise les droits des seniors. Aujourd’hui, un Français sur cinq a plus de 65 ans ; en 2050, les plus de 65 ans compteront pour 30 % de la population. La loi « grand âge », maintes fois promise, n’est jamais arrivée ; l’examen de la petite loi « bien vieillir » a sans cesse été repoussé, et son manque d’ambition est souligné par l’ensemble des acteurs du secteur. Les mesures annoncées ne couvrent pas les besoins réels et laissent un déficit de 500 millions d’euros pour les Ehpad et les services à domicile, ce qui compromet l’indispensable création d’emplois et de places. Nous défendons une véritable politique de l’autonomie.Vous nous demandez de voter pour un budget dont les recettes sont largement inférieures aux besoins de financement. Votre projet de loi entérine des exonérations sociales et fiscales qui atteignent 88,5 milliards d’euros. La prolifération des exonérations de cotisations coûte un pognon de dingue à la sécurité sociale ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Mme Anna Pic applaudit également.) Elle la définance jusqu’à la fragiliser ; c’est à se demander si ce n’est pas là votre projet.Dans le même temps, votre texte ne touche pas aux revenus du capital,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 679,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884058",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 433,
   "annotation_id": "N64973855d259",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "la précarisation de leurs revenus.Vous nous demandez de voter un projet qui méprise les droits des seniors. Aujourd’hui, un Français sur cinq a plus de 65 ans ; en 2050, les plus de 65 ans compteront pour 30 % de la population. La loi « grand âge », maintes fois promise, n’est jamais arrivée ; l’examen de la petite loi « bien vieillir » a sans cesse été repoussé, et son manque d’ambition est souligné par l’ensemble des acteurs du secteur. Les mesures annoncées ne couvrent pas les besoins réels et laissent un déficit de 500 millions d’euros pour les Ehpad et les services à domicile, ce qui compromet l’indispensable création d’emplois et de places. Nous défendons une véritable politique de l’autonomie.Vous nous demandez de voter pour un budget dont les recettes sont largement inférieures aux besoins de financement. Votre projet de loi entérine des exonérations sociales et fiscales qui atteignent 88,5 milliards d’euros. La prolifération des exonérations de cotisations coûte un pognon de dingue à la sécurité sociale ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Elle la définance jusqu’à la fragiliser ; c’est à se demander si ce n’est pas là votre projet.Dans le"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795108",
   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884066",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 685,
   "text": "…alors que les actionnaires du CAC40 perçoivent près de 100 milliards d’euros chaque année. Nous pourrions facilement augmenter de 10 milliards les recettes de la sécu en soumettant à cotisations sociales les dividendes, l’intéressement et la participation.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 685,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884066",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd25a197c38e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…alors que les actionnaires du CAC40 perçoivent près de 100 milliards d’euros chaque année. Nous pourrions facilement augmenter de 10 milliards les recettes de la sécu en soumettant à cotisations sociales les dividendes, l’intéressement et la participation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884227",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884227"
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   "order": 856,
   "text": "Les années se suivent et, malheureusement pour notre système social, se ressemblent. Ce PLFSS, comme les précédents, a été élaboré avec un aveuglement et une rigidité sans nom, sur le même socle d’approximations…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 856,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884227",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N75952ac4eea7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les années se suivent et, malheureusement pour notre système social, se ressemblent. Ce PLFSS, comme les précédents, a été élaboré avec un aveuglement et une rigidité sans nom, sur le même socle d’approximations…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_sha256": "6a77b0a408449b8f28f0e0e948303292d7d7127d5cbd6be22cdaf95899455f02",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884229",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884229"
   ],
   "order": 858,
   "text": "…et – disons le mot – d’insincérité, sur la même diagonale du fou faite de fausses bonnes idées et de réelles intentions de faciliter la financiarisation. Je le dis clairement : tout se passe comme si, par un appauvrissement inexorable, notre système social, tel un marché, devait devenir la proie d’investisseurs qui – rappelons-le – investissent à crédit et non sur fonds propres.En attendant, et en citant presque littéralement les rapports récents de la Commission des comptes de la sécurité sociale (CCSS) – celui d’hier, écrit au vitriol, reprend ce que nous disons depuis longtemps – et du Haut Conseil des finances publiques (HCFP), je vais planter le décor que vous refusez de voir.La conjoncture économique se détériore en 2025, comme depuis de nombreuses années. Les prévisions qui fondent l’élaboration du PLFSS sont erronées : 0,7 % de croissance au lieu du 0,9 % attendu, c’est une stagnation négative. Vous me permettrez de douter de la petite accélération prévue pour 2026, tant des faillites en cascade se profilent après les 80 000 de ces derniers mois. La masse salariale ne pourra donc pas augmenter comme prévu : c’est ce que M. Moscovici confirmait hier avec force.Ces rapports indiquent aussi que le déficit est reparti à la hausse, avec 23 milliards d’euros en 2025 et 28,7 milliards en 2026, ce qui nous ramène à l’étiage des grands déficits de 2010 et 2019. Ces déficits sont nettement supérieurs aux 5,5 milliards prévus par la LFSS pour 2025 et se détériorent malgré l’affectation de 6,7 milliards, au prix de transferts incontrôlables et de multiples dispositifs capillotractés.Quant aux dépenses, elles sont plus dynamiques que les recettes : on dira en bon français que nous dépensons plus que nos moyens ne nous le permettent. Les Français vieillissent et contractent des maladies chroniques coûteuses : en quarante ans, nous avons obtenu dix ans de vie supplémentaires en relative bonne santé. Les branches retraite, maladie et autonomie doivent payer ce gain à sa juste mesure.S’agissant de ces trois points, vous voudriez nous faire croire que demain, ce sera mieux. Or c’est impossible, même à la faveur de la baisse de la natalité et de la faible revalorisation des retraites. Il ne faut pas oublier que la baisse des recettes sociales n’est contenue que par l’augmentation des taxes et impôts.Pour piloter ces données inquiétantes, vous vous arc-boutez sur l’Ondam, outil obsolète et inefficient au regard de son bilan sur trente ans : malgré les sommes invraisemblables effectivement déboursées, 50 % de nos Ehpad et de nos hôpitaux sont en déficit et la médecine de ville est un grand désert sur 87 % du territoire.Aujourd’hui, nous nous apprêtons à voter une autorisation d’emprunt de 83 milliards pour l’Acoss. Avec 100 milliards à l’horizon 2030, elle portera autant de dettes que la Cades. Le covid a masqué les 56 milliards de déficit de 2010 et les 44 milliards de 2019, révélés a posteriori.En trente ans, la Cades a remboursé 400 milliards mais il en reste encore 100 ! D’après la commission des comptes de la sécurité sociale, en l’état, les perspectives de remboursement sont lointaines. Ainsi, votre projet est bancal, approximatif et, selon nous, mensonger et insincère. Sur la forme, il n’est ni fait ni à faire : à vouloir en quelques semaines vous différencier du budget Bayrou, vous en avez fait un copier-coller mal fagoté, mal écrit, parfois incompréhensible, digne seulement d’être réécrit !Sur le fond, c’est panique à bord ! Alors qu’il n’y a plus grand-chose à gratter ou à tondre, vous persistez à vouloir passer le rabot – en couches minces certes, tant nous sommes à l’os. Les retraités ont failli voir leurs pensions non revalorisées – nous nous réjouissons à cet égard des annonces du premier ministre. Les familles craignent pour leurs prestations. Les personnes en perte d’autonomie, âgées ou handicapées, ont les mêmes craintes, tant le financement de la cinquième branche est incertain – y compris l’avenir des soins palliatifs, dont on ne sait pas s’ils seront financés. Quant aux usagers de santé, ils sont pénalisés en permanence, à coups de doublement des franchises ou de déremboursements. Bientôt, les sommes prélevées sur un remboursement de médicament seront supérieures au prix du médicament lui-même !Parallèlement, les prestataires de la branche autonomie comme les soignants, certes en délégation de service public, subissent des contraintes désormais insupportables. Les pharmaciens sont obligés de compter sur des remises pour assurer leur activité ; ils commencent à licencier. Les forfaits techniques en imagerie médicale ou en onco-radiologie sont très faibles et fragilisent, par ricochet, les investissements et les innovations. Les laboratoires d’analyses ont depuis longtemps été phagocytés par les grands groupes. Résultat : 30 % des médecins diplômés n’exercent pas et la durée moyenne d’exercice d’une infirmière est de quatre ans. Tout cela fait disparaître des propositions qui auraient pu être intéressantes dans votre PLFSS, comme le congé de naissance.Selon vous, en France, le reste à charge est le plus faible d’Europe.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 858,
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   "direct": true,
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   "case": "vaccination",
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   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
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   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les branches retraite, maladie et autonomie doivent payer ce gain à sa juste mesure.S’agissant de ces trois points, vous voudriez nous faire croire que demain, ce sera mieux. Or c’est impossible, même à la faveur de la baisse de la natalité et de la faible revalorisation des retraites. Il ne faut pas oublier que la baisse des recettes sociales n’est contenue que par l’augmentation des taxes et impôts.Pour piloter ces données inquiétantes, vous vous arc-boutez sur l’Ondam, outil obsolète et inefficient au regard de son bilan sur trente ans : malgré les sommes invraisemblables effectivement déboursées, 50 % de nos Ehpad et de nos hôpitaux sont en déficit et la médecine de ville est un grand désert sur 87 % du territoire.Aujourd’hui, nous nous apprêtons à voter une autorisation d’emprunt de 83 milliards pour l’Acoss. Avec 100 milliards à l’horizon 2030, elle portera autant de dettes que la Cades. Le covid a masqué les 56 milliards de déficit de 2010 et les 44 milliards de 2019, révélés a posteriori.En trente ans, la Cades a remboursé 400 milliards mais il en reste encore 100 ! D’après la commission des comptes de la sécurité sociale, en l’état, les perspectives de remboursement sont lointaines."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884244",
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   "order": 871,
   "text": "À quel prix ? La flambée du prix des mutuelles de prévoyance et de santé, inabordables pour beaucoup, contraint à renoncer aux soins. De même que trop d’impôt tue l’impôt, trop de prélèvements ou de rabotages d’honoraires, associés aux aberrations des études médicales, conduisent aux déserts médicaux. Trop de prélèvements tue l’appareil productif des secteurs de la medtech et de l’innovation, pourtant si brillants dans notre pays. Nous disons non à toute taxe supplémentaire.N’oublions pas qu’à cause des charges les plus lourdes d’Europe, le salaire médian, fixé à 2 026 euros net, dépasse d’à peine 400 euros le seuil de pauvreté tel qu’il est défini par le Bureau international du travail, soit 80 % du revenu médian. Quant au smic et aux minima sociaux, ils tournent, à 200 euros près, autour du seuil de pauvreté fixé par l’Insee à 60 % du revenu médian. Même à deux pour faire entrer l’équivalent du salaire qu’une seule personne gagnait il y a vingt ans, cela ne passe plus.La spirale ne redeviendra vertueuse qu’avec la fin des accords de libre-échange européens et surtout avec la réindustrialisation, soutenue par un allégement des charges. Celle-ci permettra de revaloriser les salaires et contribuera ainsi à relancer la consommation. Notre modèle social, qui fait partie intégrante de notre identité nationale, ne redeviendra pas viable tant qu’il restera universel. Pour nos finances publiques si détériorées, pour la justice sociale si importante pour les Français, il est urgent d’instaurer le principe de priorité nationale.Certaines prestations doivent être exclusivement réservées aux Français tandis que d’autres ne doivent être ouvertes aux étrangers qu’après cinq ans équivalent temps plein de travail sur notre sol. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.) Ces mesures de justice sont, vous le savez tous, plébiscitées par les Français – y compris, chers collègues de gauche, par vos électeurs ! (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe RN.)Si la logique dépenses-recettes ne marche pas, même en tenant compte de la conjoncture, c’est qu’il y a un biais. Ce biais se situe dans la gestion des flux financiers – des 666 milliards, dont vous, mesdames et messieurs les ministres, avez la responsabilité, avec les directeurs de caisses. Oui, il faut contrôler les dépenses et les recettes, mais il faut aussi – il est grand temps – contrôler les flux financiers et la gestion interne de la sécurité sociale, ce qui n’a jamais été fait.C’est pourquoi je saisis cette occasion pour vous indiquer que Marine Le Pen et le groupe Rassemblement national vont utiliser leur droit de tirage pour créer une commission d’enquête sur les comptes de la sécurité sociale. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.) Avec la fermeté et l’opiniâtreté que nécessite la situation hors de contrôle des comptes, nous nous ferons expliquer pourquoi la branche famille a perdu 16 milliards d’euros en trois ans, pourquoi les rapports de certification font état de près de 30 milliards de cotisations non recouvrées au 31 décembre 2024,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À quel prix ? La flambée du prix des mutuelles de prévoyance et de santé, inabordables pour beaucoup, contraint à renoncer aux soins. De même que trop d’impôt tue l’impôt, trop de prélèvements ou de rabotages d’honoraires, associés aux aberrations des études médicales, conduisent aux déserts médicaux. Trop de prélèvements tue l’appareil productif des secteurs de la medtech et de l’innovation, pourtant si brillants dans notre pays. Nous disons non à toute taxe supplémentaire.N’oublions pas qu’à cause des charges les plus lourdes d’Europe, le salaire médian, fixé à 2 026 euros net, dépasse d’à peine 400 euros le seuil de pauvreté tel qu’il est défini par le Bureau international du travail, soit 80 % du revenu médian. Quant au smic et aux minima sociaux, ils tournent, à 200 euros près, autour du seuil de pauvreté fixé par l’Insee à 60 % du revenu médian. Même à deux pour faire entrer l’équivalent du salaire qu’une seule personne gagnait il y a vingt ans, cela ne passe plus.La spirale ne redeviendra vertueuse qu’avec la fin des accords de libre-échange européens et surtout avec la réindustrialisation, soutenue par un allégement des charges. Celle-ci permettra de revaloriser les salaires et contribuera ainsi à relancer la consommation. Notre modèle social, qui fait partie intégrante de notre identité nationale, ne redeviendra pas viable tant qu’il restera universel. Pour nos finances publiques si détériorées, pour la justice sociale si importante pour les Français, il est urgent d’instaurer le principe de priorité nationale.Certaines prestations doivent être exclusivement réservées aux Français tandis que d’autres ne doivent être ouvertes aux étrangers qu’après cinq ans équivalent temps plein de travail sur notre sol. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Ces mesures de justice sont, vous le savez tous, plébiscitées par les Français – y compris, chers collègues de gauche, par vos électeurs ! (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Si la logique dépenses-recettes ne marche pas, même en tenant compte de la conjoncture, c’est qu’il y a un biais. Ce biais se situe dans la gestion des flux financiers – des 666 milliards, dont vous, mesdames et messieurs les ministres, avez la responsabilité, avec les directeurs de caisses. Oui, il faut contrôler les dépenses et les recettes, mais il faut aussi – il est grand temps – contrôler les flux financiers et la gestion interne de la sécurité sociale, ce qui n’a jamais été fait.C’est pourquoi je saisis cette occasion pour vous indiquer que [PERSONNE] et le groupe [GROUPE] vont utiliser leur droit de tirage pour créer une commission d’enquête sur les comptes de la sécurité sociale. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Avec la fermeté et l’opiniâtreté que nécessite la situation hors de contrôle des comptes, nous nous ferons expliquer pourquoi la branche famille a perdu 16 milliards d’euros en trois ans, pourquoi les rapports de certification font état de près de 30 milliards de cotisations non recouvrées au 31 décembre 2024,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA719736",
   "speaker": "Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "quality": "Mme Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "role": "depute",
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   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884258",
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   "order": 884,
   "text": "Chaque année, à l’automne, le Parlement débat du budget de la sécurité sociale. Si le PLFSS pour l’année 2026 s’inscrit dans ce calendrier habituel, il n’a pourtant rien d’ordinaire. Son examen s’ouvre aujourd’hui dans un contexte inédit tant sur le plan politique qu’économique.Il est inédit politiquement en raison de l’absence de groupe majoritaire dans notre assemblée, et parce que le gouvernement a pris l’engagement de ne pas recourir à l’article 49, alinéa 3, de la Constitution. Rien n’est décidé, tout est à construire. Mesdames et messieurs les ministres, vous avez proposé un budget, nous allons débattre et nous voterons.Il est inédit économiquement en raison du poids de la dette, qui nous contraint. La sécurité sociale fête cette année ses 80 ans. À l’heure où nous célébrons cet anniversaire, la Cour des comptes nous rappelle à une exigence, celle que la préservation de notre modèle social passe par l’adoption d’une trajectoire crédible de retour rapide des comptes sociaux vers l’équilibre, préalable à une opération de reprise de dette. C’est ainsi que se conclut le rapport qu’elle a rendu hier sur la situation financière de la sécurité sociale.Nous sommes à un moment de vérité pour nos finances publiques. Les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes : selon le rapport précité, le doublement du déficit de la sécurité sociale entre 2023 et 2025 atteste d’une perte de contrôle de la trajectoire des finances sociales. L’objectif de ce PLFSS est clair : ramener le déficit de 23 milliards en 2025 à 17,5 milliards en 2026. Nous sommes donc contraints de nous plier à une trajectoire de maîtrise des comptes publics, non pas pour satisfaire une discipline comptable, mais pour garantir que chaque euro de la sécurité sociale serve les Français – leur santé, leur travail, leur vie quotidienne – plutôt que de nourrir la spirale de la dette.Chaque année, des ressources sont mobilisées pour assurer le service de la dette et amortir les déficits accumulés ; chaque euro consacré au remboursement de la dette ou au paiement des charges d’intérêts est un euro en moins pour l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins, la prévention, la réduction des inégalités et la solidarité envers les plus fragiles.La maîtrise des comptes publics est donc un devoir de justice sociale. C’est la condition pour que notre modèle de protection sociale demeure viable, équitable et digne. Mais ce PLFSS n’est pas un budget d’austérité : c’est un budget de responsabilité. Malgré les contraintes, il mobilise plus de 5 milliards d’euros supplémentaires pour la santé, la prévention et la solidarité. Oui, c’est un budget difficile, mais ce n’est pas un budget de renoncement. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Depuis la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale, la France a choisi de bâtir un système de protection universelle : couverture maladie généralisée, retraites, allocations familiales, sécurité sociale – un modèle de solidarité nationale fondé sur l’idée que chacune et chacun contribue selon ses moyens et reçoit selon ses besoins.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 884,
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   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 485,
   "annotation_id": "N2f1fb6a3be29",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Chaque année, à l’automne, le Parlement débat du budget de la sécurité sociale. Si le PLFSS pour l’année 2026 s’inscrit dans ce calendrier habituel, il n’a pourtant rien d’ordinaire. Son examen s’ouvre aujourd’hui dans un contexte inédit tant sur le plan politique qu’économique.Il est inédit politiquement en raison de l’absence de groupe majoritaire dans notre assemblée, et parce que le gouvernement a pris l’engagement de ne pas recourir à l’article 49, alinéa 3, de la Constitution. Rien n’est décidé, tout est à construire. Mesdames et messieurs les ministres, vous avez proposé un budget, nous allons débattre et nous voterons.Il est inédit économiquement en raison du poids de la dette, qui nous contraint. La sécurité sociale fête cette année ses 80 ans. À l’heure où nous célébrons cet anniversaire, la Cour des comptes nous rappelle à une exigence, celle que la préservation de notre modèle social passe par l’adoption d’une trajectoire crédible de retour rapide des comptes sociaux vers l’équilibre, préalable à une opération de reprise de dette. C’est ainsi que se conclut le rapport qu’elle a rendu hier sur la situation financière de la sécurité sociale.Nous sommes à un moment de vérité pour nos finances publiques. Les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes : selon le rapport précité, le doublement du déficit de la sécurité sociale entre 2023 et 2025 atteste d’une perte de contrôle de la trajectoire des finances sociales. L’objectif de ce PLFSS est clair : ramener le déficit de 23 milliards en 2025 à 17,5 milliards en 2026. Nous sommes donc contraints de nous plier à une trajectoire de maîtrise des comptes publics, non pas pour satisfaire une discipline comptable, mais pour garantir que chaque euro de la sécurité sociale serve les Français – leur santé, leur travail, leur vie quotidienne – plutôt que de nourrir la spirale de la dette.Chaque année, des ressources sont mobilisées pour assurer le service de la dette et amortir les déficits accumulés ; chaque euro consacré au remboursement de la dette ou au paiement des charges d’intérêts est un euro en moins pour l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins, la prévention, la réduction des inégalités et la solidarité envers les plus fragiles.La maîtrise des comptes publics est donc un devoir de justice sociale. C’est la condition pour que notre modèle de protection sociale demeure viable, équitable et digne. Mais ce PLFSS n’est pas un budget d’austérité : c’est un budget de responsabilité. Malgré les contraintes, il mobilise plus de 5 milliards d’euros supplémentaires pour la santé, la prévention et la solidarité. Oui, c’est un budget difficile, mais ce n’est pas un budget de renoncement. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Depuis la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale, la France a choisi de bâtir un système de protection universelle : couverture maladie généralisée, retraites, allocations familiales, sécurité sociale – un modèle de solidarité nationale fondé sur l’idée que chacune et chacun contribue selon ses moyens et reçoit selon ses besoins."
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  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA719736",
   "speaker": "Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "quality": "Mme Camille Galliard-Minier",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884266",
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   "order": 892,
   "text": "Ce modèle social, qui est l’un des piliers de notre pacte républicain, repose sur la conviction que la santé, le soin et la sécurité sociale ne sont pas des coûts accessoires mais des biens communs.Malgré ses faiblesses, notre système de santé et de protection sociale est l’un des plus solides et des plus équitables d’Europe. La France demeure l’un des rares pays où l’accès aux soins est réellement universel : plus de 77 % des dépenses de santé sont prises en charge par la collectivité, contre 73 % en Allemagne, 65 % en Italie, et à peine 50 % en Espagne. Le reste à payer y est de loin le plus faible et la qualité des soins hospitaliers figure parmi les meilleures du continent européen. La prévention vaccinale ainsi que la protection maternelle et infantile sont reconnues comme exemplaires. Ce modèle continue de garantir, grâce à la sécurité sociale, une solidarité entre les générations et entre les territoires – sans condition de statut, de fortune ou d’origine.Ce système, souvent critiqué mais toujours envié, a tenu dans les tempêtes. Pendant la pandémie, lors des crises économiques, face aux réformes successives, il a tenu parce qu’il est l’héritage d’un choix moral et politique, celui de faire de la santé un droit, et non un privilège. Aujourd’hui, ce socle est mis à l’épreuve. Il nous appartient, collectivement, de le protéger – nous devons le faire évoluer, oui, mais sans le fragiliser.Notre pays fait face à plusieurs défis majeurs. D’abord, le vieillissement de la population : le fait que nous vivions plus longtemps est une bonne nouvelle, mais cette réalité amène son lot de défis, en particulier l’augmentation des dépenses liées à la santé, à la dépendance et aux retraites. Ensuite, la baisse continue de la natalité fragilise notre équilibre démographique et social, et appelle des politiques plus fortes de soutien à la parentalité et à la petite enfance. Parmi les défis figurent également la progression des maladies chroniques, qui suppose de renforcer le suivi des soins à domicile, l’accroissement des besoins en prévention, l’aggravation des inégalités territoriales et sociales, notamment pour ce qui est de l’accès aux soins, la pression sur les ressources humaines et sur les structures de financement – les hôpitaux, les professions de santé, tout comme la prise en charge ambulatoire, nécessitent d’être adaptés. Enfin, la durabilité financière n’est pas le moindre des défis que nous devrons relever : si nous ne maîtrisons pas nos dépenses et si nous ne garantissons pas nos recettes, notre modèle social restera fragile.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "direct": true,
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   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 419,
   "annotation_id": "Nb56c2f5ac22a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "pas des coûts accessoires mais des biens communs.Malgré ses faiblesses, notre système de santé et de protection sociale est l’un des plus solides et des plus équitables d’Europe. La France demeure l’un des rares pays où l’accès aux soins est réellement universel : plus de 77 % des dépenses de santé sont prises en charge par la collectivité, contre 73 % en Allemagne, 65 % en Italie, et à peine 50 % en Espagne. Le reste à payer y est de loin le plus faible et la qualité des soins hospitaliers figure parmi les meilleures du continent européen. La prévention vaccinale ainsi que la protection maternelle et infantile sont reconnues comme exemplaires. Ce modèle continue de garantir, grâce à la sécurité sociale, une solidarité entre les générations et entre les territoires – sans condition de statut, de fortune ou d’origine.Ce système, souvent critiqué mais toujours envié, a tenu dans les tempêtes. Pendant la pandémie, lors des crises économiques, face aux réformes successives, il a tenu parce qu’il est l’héritage d’un choix moral et politique, celui de faire de la santé un droit, et non un privilège. Aujourd’hui, ce socle est mis à l’épreuve. Il nous appartient, collectivement, de le protéger –"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884468",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 922,
   "text": "Pourtant chaque année, les budgets, rejetés par toutes les organisations syndicales, les directions ou les associations de patients, parce qu’ils sont bien en deçà des besoins, sont adoptés en force par 49.3 ! Chaque année, alors que les établissements de santé sont sous-financés, vous nous dites que l’hôpital est responsable de la dette, qu’il coûte trop cher ! Tant qu’à y être, le premier ministre aurait tout aussi bien pu tenir le même discours en Alsace, où une maternité a dû fermer plusieurs jours faute de personnel, à Mantes-la-Jolie, où il pleuvait dans l’hôpital, à Saint-Yrieix-la-Perche, où les urgences, là aussi, ont dû fermer la nuit. Il aurait pu aller où il voulait, puisque l’hôpital est partout à l’agonie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Confinés dans les chiffres, bien loin des réalités que vivent les soignants et dont souffrent les patients, que vivent les patients et dont souffrent les soignants, vous assénez que l’hôpital serait responsable de la dette. C’est à la fois faux et insultant.Le principe est simple : la sécurité sociale est financée par les cotisations sociales. Mais depuis 2017, vous les avez tant diminuées que le trou à compenser a doublé. Par votre faute, 80 milliards manquent chaque année dans les caisses de la sécurité sociale. Une partie est compensée par le budget de l’État car vous redirigez les recettes de la TVA, dont s’acquittent tous les Français. Résultat : il manque de l’argent dans le budget de l’État ! C’est un cercle vicieux dont on ne sort pas. Pire, une partie des baisses de cotisations ne sont même pas compensées : le trou reste béant, il manque de l’argent, il manque des recettes, mais qu’à cela ne tienne, vous prétendez régler le problème en réduisant les dépenses de santé. Sur les 15 milliards de déficit de 2024, 5 milliards relèvent de votre responsabilité.L’origine du problème des finances publiques n’est pas à chercher, contrairement à ce que prétend le premier ministre, du côté de l’hôpital, non plus que de celui des étrangers, mais à Matignon, Bercy et l’Élysée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Tout est question de choix. Le vôtre se résume dans un communiqué de presse commun à toutes les fédérations hospitalières, qui dénoncent un budget historiquement bas : 1,1 milliard manquera en 2026, soit l’équivalent de 20 000 postes d’infirmiers qui ne pourront pas être pourvus.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 922,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884468",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 396,
   "annotation_id": "N85fc634f1063",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pourtant chaque année, les budgets, rejetés par toutes les organisations syndicales, les directions ou les associations de patients, parce qu’ils sont bien en deçà des besoins, sont adoptés en force par 49.3 ! Chaque année, alors que les établissements de santé sont sous-financés, vous nous dites que l’hôpital est responsable de la dette, qu’il coûte trop cher ! Tant qu’à y être, le premier ministre aurait tout aussi bien pu tenir le même discours en Alsace, où une maternité a dû fermer plusieurs jours faute de personnel, à Mantes-la-Jolie, où il pleuvait dans l’hôpital, à Saint-Yrieix-la-Perche, où les urgences, là aussi, ont dû fermer la nuit. Il aurait pu aller où il voulait, puisque l’hôpital est partout à l’agonie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Confinés dans les chiffres, bien loin des réalités que vivent les soignants et dont souffrent les patients, que vivent les patients et dont souffrent les soignants, vous assénez que l’hôpital serait responsable de la dette. C’est à la fois faux et insultant.Le principe est simple : la sécurité sociale est financée par les cotisations sociales. Mais depuis 2017, vous les avez tant diminuées que le trou à compenser a doublé. Par votre faute, 80 milliards manquent chaque année dans les caisses de la sécurité sociale. Une partie est compensée par le budget de l’État car vous redirigez les recettes de la TVA, dont s’acquittent tous les Français. Résultat : il manque de l’argent dans le budget de l’État ! C’est un cercle vicieux dont on ne sort pas. Pire, une partie des baisses de cotisations ne sont même pas compensées : le trou reste béant, il manque de l’argent, il manque des recettes, mais qu’à cela ne tienne, vous prétendez régler le problème en réduisant les dépenses de santé. Sur les 15 milliards de déficit de 2024, 5 milliards relèvent de votre responsabilité.L’origine du problème des finances publiques n’est pas à chercher, contrairement à ce que prétend le premier ministre, du côté de l’hôpital, non plus que de celui des étrangers, mais à Matignon, Bercy et l’Élysée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Tout est question de choix. Le vôtre se résume dans un communiqué de presse commun à toutes les fédérations hospitalières, qui dénoncent un budget historiquement bas : 1,1 milliard manquera en 2026, soit l’équivalent de 20 000 postes d’infirmiers qui ne pourront pas être pourvus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884472",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 926,
   "text": "Ce choix a des conséquences concrètes : celui d’imposer des choix aux autres ! Lila, aide-soignante en Ehpad, explique : « On doit faire des choix dans notre prise en charge : est-ce qu’on doit faire une toilette complète ou est-ce qu’on change les draps ? ». Elle ne devrait pas avoir à choisir. C’est aussi Tristan, à Limoges, qui doit choisir : « L’autre jour, j’ai un patient qui m’a demandé de l’accompagner aux toilettes. Je lui ai dit que je revenais dans cinq minutes, mais quand on a dix-neuf autres patients, les cinq minutes se transforment en trois heures et, quand vous repassez, le patient, il s’est fait dessus. » Mathieu, infirmier à l’hôpital en Normandie, avoue : « Fin de journée, j’étais fatigué. J’ai donné les traitements d’une patiente en chambre double à sa voisine. Cela aurait pu être très grave. Avec ce rythme, les erreurs de travail, ça arrive très souvent. » Mais c’est comme ça : lui, il n’a pas le choix.J’invite M. le premier ministre à partager son analyse sur le problème des finances publiques avec les professionnels de l’hôpital de Caen : en période de paix, sans pandémie, ils doivent compter sur leur réserve sanitaire, pour ne pas dire leur réserve humanitaire, faute de médecins et faute d’internes. Je partage avec vous le message d’un des soignants de cet hôpital : « S’il n’y a plus de docteur, c’est parce que les conditions de travail sont insoutenables. Si elles sont insoutenables, c’est parce qu’on manque de lits, de personnel, du fait d’un budget insuffisant par rapport aux besoins de la population. Il y a un grand risque de mort inattendue sur des brancards. »Monsieur le premier ministre, changez de cap pour que l’hôpital sorte de ce cauchemar ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 926,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884472",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 302,
   "annotation_id": "Nbc7bc1aacc44",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce choix a des conséquences concrètes : celui d’imposer des choix aux autres ! Lila, aide-soignante en Ehpad, explique : « On doit faire des choix dans notre prise en charge : est-ce qu’on doit faire une toilette complète ou est-ce qu’on change les draps ? ». Elle ne devrait pas avoir à choisir. C’est aussi Tristan, à Limoges, qui doit choisir : « L’autre jour, j’ai un patient qui m’a demandé de l’accompagner aux toilettes. Je lui ai dit que je revenais dans cinq minutes, mais quand on a dix-neuf autres patients, les cinq minutes se transforment en trois heures et, quand vous repassez, le patient, il s’est fait dessus. » Mathieu, infirmier à l’hôpital en Normandie, avoue : « Fin de journée, j’étais fatigué. J’ai donné les traitements d’une patiente en chambre double à sa voisine. Cela aurait pu être très grave. Avec ce rythme, les erreurs de travail, ça arrive très souvent. » Mais c’est comme ça : lui, il n’a pas le choix.J’invite M. le premier ministre à partager son analyse sur le problème des finances publiques avec les professionnels de l’hôpital de Caen : en période de paix, sans pandémie, ils doivent compter sur leur réserve sanitaire, pour ne pas dire leur réserve humanitaire, faute de médecins et faute d’internes. Je partage avec vous le message d’un des soignants de cet hôpital : « S’il n’y a plus de docteur, c’est parce que les conditions de travail sont insoutenables. Si elles sont insoutenables, c’est parce qu’on manque de lits, de personnel, du fait d’un budget insuffisant par rapport aux besoins de la population. Il y a un grand risque de mort inattendue sur des brancards. »Monsieur le premier ministre, changez de cap pour que l’hôpital sorte de ce cauchemar ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29862",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030.xml",
   "source_sha256": "6a77b0a408449b8f28f0e0e948303292d7d7127d5cbd6be22cdaf95899455f02",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 930,
   "text": "Avant de commencer mon propos, je voudrais que nous partagions ensemble l’excellente nouvelle que nous venons d’apprendre, et qui a été confirmée par le président de la République : la libération de Cécile Kohler et de Jacques Paris. Alors que leurs photographies sont exposées sur les grilles de la colonnade de l’Assemblée nationale, nous avons régulièrement, dans cet hémicycle, déploré leur situation et attendu avec impatience cet événement. Nous pouvons, au nom de l’ensemble de la représentation nationale, nous féliciter de cette excellente nouvelle et leur souhaiter un retour rapide parmi nous. (Tous les députés se lèvent pour applaudir.)J’avais 1 000 idées à partager avec vous à l’occasion de l’ouverture de l’examen du budget de la sécurité sociale. En cette année du 80e anniversaire de la sécurité sociale, à laquelle je suis si attaché, j’aurais voulu rappeler que nous sommes les héritiers de cette ambition folle, dans un pays ravagé au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale, de mettre la cohésion sociale au service de la cohésion nationale. Hélas, ce PLFSS n’est satisfaisant en aucun point mais nous avons décidé de jouer le jeu de son amélioration, de sa réécriture, de sa refondation.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 930,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N030-3884476",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 193,
   "annotation_id": "Ne6c15d9162fb",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de commencer mon propos, je voudrais que nous partagions ensemble l’excellente nouvelle que nous venons d’apprendre, et qui a été confirmée par le président de la République : la libération de Cécile Kohler et de Jacques Paris. Alors que leurs photographies sont exposées sur les grilles de la colonnade de l’Assemblée nationale, nous avons régulièrement, dans cet hémicycle, déploré leur situation et attendu avec impatience cet événement. Nous pouvons, au nom de l’ensemble de la représentation nationale, nous féliciter de cette excellente nouvelle et leur souhaiter un retour rapide parmi nous. (Tous les députés se lèvent pour applaudir.)J’avais 1 000 idées à partager avec vous à l’occasion de l’ouverture de l’examen du budget de la sécurité sociale. En cette année du 80e anniversaire de la sécurité sociale, à laquelle je suis si attaché, j’aurais voulu rappeler que nous sommes les héritiers de cette ambition folle, dans un pays ravagé au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale, de mettre la cohésion sociale au service de la cohésion nationale. Hélas, ce PLFSS n’est satisfaisant en aucun point mais nous avons décidé de jouer le jeu de son amélioration, de sa réécriture, de sa refondation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "Mme Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898421",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 67,
   "text": "Or nous devons intégrer la prévention de manière structurée dans nos objectifs de santé. La prévention secondaire, c’est ce qui permet, une fois la maladie contractée, d’être moins malade dans l’année qui suit, et donc de prendre moins de médicaments et de coûter moins cher à la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 18 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 18 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3898369",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 67,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898421",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N411bf9bc9516",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Or nous devons intégrer la prévention de manière structurée dans nos objectifs de santé. La prévention secondaire, c’est ce qui permet, une fois la maladie contractée, d’être moins malade dans l’année qui suit, et donc de prendre moins de médicaments et de coûter moins cher à la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "Mme Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 69,
   "text": "Les cures thermales en font partie, au même titre que le sport santé. Si nous ne sommes pas capables de les intégrer dans un grand plan de prévention, c’est – excusez-moi – que nous ne sommes pas bons ! Les vaccins et les messages de prévention primaire sont bien sûr essentiels mais la prévention secondaire l’est aussi. Il ne faut donc pas voter cet amendement. Par ailleurs, la réduction du remboursement à 15 % est un sujet dont nous devrons débattre : il faudra trouver un équilibre avec les mutuelles pour faire en sorte que ces actes de prévention puissent se poursuivre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC. – Mme Claire Marais-Beuil et M. Frédéric Petit applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 18 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 18 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3898369",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 69,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898423",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "Nee0044632718",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les cures thermales en font partie, au même titre que le sport santé. Si nous ne sommes pas capables de les intégrer dans un grand plan de prévention, c’est – excusez-moi – que nous ne sommes pas bons ! Les vaccins et les messages de prévention primaire sont bien sûr essentiels mais la prévention secondaire l’est aussi. Il ne faut donc pas voter cet amendement. Par ailleurs, la réduction du remboursement à 15 % est un sujet dont nous devrons débattre : il faudra trouver un équilibre avec les mutuelles pour faire en sorte que ces actes de prévention puissent se poursuivre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898425",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898425"
   ],
   "order": 71,
   "text": "Comme les collègues qui viennent de s’exprimer, je vais bien évidemment contester cet amendement qui me semble de courte vue pour la santé des gens. Ce n’est pas responsable ! Les cures thermales représentent 0,1 % des dépenses de santé, comme l’a rappelé mon collègue bourbonnais Nicolas Ray, mais aussi 8,3 millions de journées de soin.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 18 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 18 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3898369",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 71,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898425",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N7a407de40cd7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme les collègues qui viennent de s’exprimer, je vais bien évidemment contester cet amendement qui me semble de courte vue pour la santé des gens. Ce n’est pas responsable ! Les cures thermales représentent 0,1 % des dépenses de santé, comme l’a rappelé mon collègue bourbonnais [PERSONNE], mais aussi 8,3 millions de journées de soin."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900008",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900008"
   ],
   "order": 286,
   "text": "L’article 20 nous laisse – c’est peu de le dire – sceptiques et réservés. En effet, il franchit une nouvelle étape vers l’obligation vaccinale des soignants, à laquelle nous nous opposons par principe. Nous n’avons pas déposé d’amendement de suppression – à dessein car nous voulons corriger l’article. Notre vote final sera conditionné à l’adoption d’une série d’amendements. Plusieurs concernent la place des agences régionales de santé (ARS), auxquelles vous donnez davantage de prérogatives – nous nous y opposons, naturellement, même s’il s’agit en l’occurrence du pilotage des centres de santé. Nous proposons des amendements de suppression partielle, portant sur les parties les plus problématiques de l’article, celles qui concernent l’obligation vaccinale des soignants. Notre collègue Guillaume Florquin défendra également un amendement relatif aux contre-indications médicales.Nous réaffirmons avec fermeté notre attachement au principe de liberté vaccinale, une déclinaison de celui de liberté personnelle – la France est un pays de liberté. Par ailleurs, franchir une nouvelle étape vers l’obligation vaccinale risque d’aggraver encore la carence de soignants. En effet, cela peut dissuader les futurs étudiants en médecine et en métiers de santé de s’engager dans cette voie, faisant tarir les vocations, et décourager les médecins retraités, tentés par le cumul emploi-retraite. Certains soignants pourraient également décider de changer d’activité.Nous réservons notre vote, qui sera fonction de votre capacité d’entendre l’inquiétude légitime des soignants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 286,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900008",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 232,
   "annotation_id": "N1339eb61559a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 20 nous laisse – c’est peu de le dire – sceptiques et réservés. En effet, il franchit une nouvelle étape vers l’obligation vaccinale des soignants, à laquelle nous nous opposons par principe. Nous n’avons pas déposé d’amendement de suppression – à dessein car nous voulons corriger l’article. Notre vote final sera conditionné à l’adoption d’une série d’amendements. Plusieurs concernent la place des agences régionales de santé (ARS), auxquelles vous donnez davantage de prérogatives – nous nous y opposons, naturellement, même s’il s’agit en l’occurrence du pilotage des centres de santé. Nous proposons des amendements de suppression partielle, portant sur les parties les plus problématiques de l’article, celles qui concernent l’obligation vaccinale des soignants. Notre collègue [PERSONNE] défendra également un amendement relatif aux contre-indications médicales.Nous réaffirmons avec fermeté notre attachement au principe de liberté vaccinale, une déclinaison de celui de liberté personnelle – la France est un pays de liberté. Par ailleurs, franchir une nouvelle étape vers l’obligation vaccinale risque d’aggraver encore la carence de soignants. En effet, cela peut dissuader les futurs étudiants en médecine et en métiers de santé de s’engager dans cette voie, faisant tarir les vocations, et décourager les médecins retraités, tentés par le cumul emploi-retraite. Certains soignants pourraient également décider de changer d’activité.Nous réservons notre vote, qui sera fonction de votre capacité d’entendre l’inquiétude légitime des soignants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720154",
   "speaker": "Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "quality": "Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900013",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900013"
   ],
   "order": 291,
   "text": "L’article 20 traite de la prévention, notamment de la vaccination, dans un double objectif : protéger les personnes et lutter contre la propagation des maladies. C’est un défi majeur pour le pays, à cause des groupes antivaccination.La nouvelle stratégie Vaccination et immunisation 2025-2030 a pour ambition de répondre aux enjeux de simplification et d’efficience. Les objectifs sont les suivants : simplifier l’organisation territoriale de l’offre vaccinale pour rendre celle-ci plus accessible et mieux adaptée aux réalités de terrain – cela permettra de mieux protéger les populations fragiles, notamment les enfants et les personnes âgées ou vulnérables ; actualiser les obligations vaccinales, notamment le vaccin contre la grippe – cela concerne les professionnels des secteurs sanitaire, médico-social et de la petite enfance. C’est une mesure de bon sens pour limiter la circulation des virus en hiver dans les lieux collectifs fréquentés par des patients fragiles, et éviter les maladies, les arrêts de travail et les complications chez les personnes à risque. Je rappelle que la grippe touche 2 à 6 millions de personnes chaque année et provoque 10 000 décès. Si cette proposition est adoptée, la HAS sera sollicitée pour nous adresser ses recommandations en matière vaccinale.Juste un mot sur les cures : monsieur Bazin, vous avez mal interprété mon propos qui ne visait pas à exclure complètement les cures. Cependant, la HAS ne fait pas de recommandations en la matière ; l’évaluation des bienfaits des séjours en cure est réalisée par les établissements eux-mêmes. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 291,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900013",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 251,
   "annotation_id": "Nd30b91c930a1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 20 traite de la prévention, notamment de la vaccination, dans un double objectif : protéger les personnes et lutter contre la propagation des maladies. C’est un défi majeur pour le pays, à cause des groupes antivaccination.La nouvelle stratégie Vaccination et immunisation 2025-2030 a pour ambition de répondre aux enjeux de simplification et d’efficience. Les objectifs sont les suivants : simplifier l’organisation territoriale de l’offre vaccinale pour rendre celle-ci plus accessible et mieux adaptée aux réalités de terrain – cela permettra de mieux protéger les populations fragiles, notamment les enfants et les personnes âgées ou vulnérables ; actualiser les obligations vaccinales, notamment le vaccin contre la grippe – cela concerne les professionnels des secteurs sanitaire, médico-social et de la petite enfance. C’est une mesure de bon sens pour limiter la circulation des virus en hiver dans les lieux collectifs fréquentés par des patients fragiles, et éviter les maladies, les arrêts de travail et les complications chez les personnes à risque. Je rappelle que la grippe touche 2 à 6 millions de personnes chaque année et provoque 10 000 décès. Si cette proposition est adoptée, la HAS sera sollicitée pour nous adresser ses recommandations en matière vaccinale.Juste un mot sur les cures : monsieur Bazin, vous avez mal interprété mon propos qui ne visait pas à exclure complètement les cures. Cependant, la HAS ne fait pas de recommandations en la matière ; l’évaluation des bienfaits des séjours en cure est réalisée par les établissements eux-mêmes. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900017",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900017"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "On touche à un sujet sensible. Considérons les deux grandes statues qui nous font face dans cet hémicycle. Elles symbolisent les deux principes qui permettent de vivre en collectivité : la liberté et l’ordre public. À droite, on défendra toujours la liberté mais on endosse également la responsabilité de protéger les plus vulnérables. Il faut piloter la politique de santé dans la proximité tout en adoptant une communication nationale en matière de prophylaxie. Députée de la circonscription de Louis Pasteur – il est né à Dole et a exercé à Arbois, réalisant de nombreuses expériences dans son laboratoire –, je crois que nous devons recréer un lien de confiance avec la vaccination.Pour cela, chaque acteur a un rôle important à jouer : l’ARS donne la vision globale et promeut la stratégie ministérielle ; les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé (CPTS) coordonnent l’action des professionnels de santé, comme ils l’ont fait lors de la vaccination contre le covid ; les médecins traitants font de la pédagogie et ciblent les patients qu’ils connaissent le mieux – leur rôle est à cet égard essentiel ; les infirmières et les pharmaciens s’occupent concrètement du déploiement de l’action vaccinale. Il faut aller au plus près des patients pour les sensibiliser à la responsabilité qui consiste à protéger les plus vulnérables ; c’est ainsi qu’on arrivera – je reviens au préambule de mon intervention – à vivre en collectivité.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 295,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900017",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 233,
   "annotation_id": "Nda4ada577e73",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On touche à un sujet sensible. Considérons les deux grandes statues qui nous font face dans cet hémicycle. Elles symbolisent les deux principes qui permettent de vivre en collectivité : la liberté et l’ordre public. [GROUPE], on défendra toujours la liberté mais on endosse également la responsabilité de protéger les plus vulnérables. Il faut piloter la politique de santé dans la proximité tout en adoptant une communication nationale en matière de prophylaxie. Députée de la circonscription de Louis Pasteur – il est né à Dole et a exercé à Arbois, réalisant de nombreuses expériences dans son laboratoire –, je crois que nous devons recréer un lien de confiance avec la vaccination.Pour cela, chaque acteur a un rôle important à jouer : l’ARS donne la vision globale et promeut la stratégie ministérielle ; les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé (CPTS) coordonnent l’action des professionnels de santé, comme ils l’ont fait lors de la vaccination contre le covid ; les médecins traitants font de la pédagogie et ciblent les patients qu’ils connaissent le mieux – leur rôle est à cet égard essentiel ; les infirmières et les pharmaciens s’occupent concrètement du déploiement de l’action vaccinale. Il faut aller au plus près des patients pour les sensibiliser à la responsabilité qui consiste à protéger les plus vulnérables ; c’est ainsi qu’on arrivera – je reviens au préambule de mon intervention – à vivre en collectivité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900020",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900020"
   ],
   "order": 298,
   "text": "L’article 20 vise à renforcer et à clarifier notre politique vaccinale dans un contexte où la prévention doit redevenir la priorité nationale. Il confie aux ARS le pilotage des centres de vaccination et actualise les obligations vaccinales pour les professionnels de santé et de la petite enfance. Une fois n’est pas coutume, ces mesures vont dans le bon sens. La santé est un bien commun et la vaccination contribue à la préserver : elle protège les individus et, par là, la collectivité tout entière. C’est l’un des outils les plus efficaces de santé publique, qui sauve chaque année des milliers de vies, réduit le nombre des hospitalisations et aide à préserver notre système de soins.Cependant, cette politique ne peut réussir que si elle est comprise, partagée et fondée sur la confiance. Rendre la vaccination plus accessible, plus transparente et mieux organisée, c’est aussi renforcer l’adhésion de nos concitoyens et réaffirmer la responsabilité collective qui fonde la santé publique. Cette confiance est menacée par la recherche de profit des laboratoires pharmaceutiques qui produisent les vaccins : le refus de la vaccination de beaucoup de nos concitoyens vient de leur méfiance envers ce mécanisme, et il va falloir travailler sur cette question.Enfin, même si ce n’est pas le sujet, j’ajouterai que le dérèglement climatique augmente les risques de maladies virales, notamment d’infections émergentes – qui ne connaissent pas de frontières. Un des objectifs pour l’avenir serait de développer la vaccination contre le chikungunya, la dengue et d’autres maladies similaires. Notez d’ailleurs que, tant que ces maladies concernaient les territoires d’outre-mer, on n’avait pas cherché de vaccins ; maintenant qu’elles nous concernent, les travaux sont légion. Face au risque qu’elles représentent, la solution consisterait aussi à transformer notre modèle productiviste et nos modes de vie. Alors que s’ouvre la COP30, cet enjeu du climat est étrangement absent de nos débats. (Mme Cyrielle Chatelain applaudit.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 298,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900020",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 311,
   "annotation_id": "N9bf1d4ddc5df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 20 vise à renforcer et à clarifier notre politique vaccinale dans un contexte où la prévention doit redevenir la priorité nationale. Il confie aux ARS le pilotage des centres de vaccination et actualise les obligations vaccinales pour les professionnels de santé et de la petite enfance. Une fois n’est pas coutume, ces mesures vont dans le bon sens. La santé est un bien commun et la vaccination contribue à la préserver : elle protège les individus et, par là, la collectivité tout entière. C’est l’un des outils les plus efficaces de santé publique, qui sauve chaque année des milliers de vies, réduit le nombre des hospitalisations et aide à préserver notre système de soins.Cependant, cette politique ne peut réussir que si elle est comprise, partagée et fondée sur la confiance. Rendre la vaccination plus accessible, plus transparente et mieux organisée, c’est aussi renforcer l’adhésion de nos concitoyens et réaffirmer la responsabilité collective qui fonde la santé publique. Cette confiance est menacée par la recherche de profit des laboratoires pharmaceutiques qui produisent les vaccins : le refus de la vaccination de beaucoup de nos concitoyens vient de leur méfiance envers ce mécanisme, et il va falloir travailler sur cette question.Enfin, même si ce n’est pas le sujet, j’ajouterai que le dérèglement climatique augmente les risques de maladies virales, notamment d’infections émergentes – qui ne connaissent pas de frontières. Un des objectifs pour l’avenir serait de développer la vaccination contre le chikungunya, la dengue et d’autres maladies similaires. Notez d’ailleurs que, tant que ces maladies concernaient les territoires d’outre-mer, on n’avait pas cherché de vaccins ; maintenant qu’elles nous concernent, les travaux sont légion. Face au risque qu’elles représentent, la solution consisterait aussi à transformer notre modèle productiviste et nos modes de vie. Alors que s’ouvre la COP30, cet enjeu du climat est étrangement absent de nos débats. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900024",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 302,
   "text": "En 1900, l’espérance de vie était de 45 ans. Si elle a pratiquement doublé, c’est grâce à deux choses : la vaccination et les antibiotiques. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR. – M. Dominique Potier applaudit également.) La politique de vaccination est donc essentielle ; c’est un des premiers actes de prévention. Il faut bien sûr soutenir l’article 20 et mieux structurer notre action – comme je l’ai dit, je plaide pour une politique industrielle de prévention. Pour cela, il faut disposer d’outils adaptés.Avez-vous, personnellement, ouvert votre dossier médical partagé (DMP) et Mon espace santé ? Celui-ci contient-il vraiment votre carnet de vaccination électronique ? Non. Il y a quelques jours, je me suis fait vacciner contre la grippe, au cabinet médical de l’Assemblée nationale ; j’ai demandé qu’on l’inscrive dans mon DMP, mais on m’a répondu que ce n’était pas possible. Comment voulez-vous avoir une politique industrielle de prévention et de vaccination si, en face, les outils manquent ? Consultez votre espace santé et vous verrez que vous ne savez pas quel est votre état vaccinal ! J’ai consulté le mien : les seules vaccinations qui y figurent sont celles contre le covid il y a quatre ou cinq ans.Madame la ministre, l’article 20 est essentiel ; mais demandez à l’assurance maladie, qui est maintenant chargée de la gestion de Mon espace santé, que celui-ci intègre un véritable carnet de vaccination électronique qui contiendrait toutes les vaccinations et prévoirait des rappels, avec envoi de textos lorsque vous devez vous faire administrer un vaccin. Le vétérinaire est capable de vous envoyer un texto pour vous rappeler de vacciner votre animal de compagnie ; pour les patients humains, cette possibilité n’existe pas. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 302,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900024",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 289,
   "annotation_id": "Nf50d0dadb158",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En 1900, l’espérance de vie était de 45 ans. Si elle a pratiquement doublé, c’est grâce à deux choses : la vaccination et les antibiotiques. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) La politique de vaccination est donc essentielle ; c’est un des premiers actes de prévention. Il faut bien sûr soutenir l’article 20 et mieux structurer notre action – comme je l’ai dit, je plaide pour une politique industrielle de prévention. Pour cela, il faut disposer d’outils adaptés.Avez-vous, personnellement, ouvert votre dossier médical partagé (DMP) et Mon espace santé ? Celui-ci contient-il vraiment votre carnet de vaccination électronique ? Non. Il y a quelques jours, je me suis fait vacciner contre la grippe, au cabinet médical de l’Assemblée nationale ; j’ai demandé qu’on l’inscrive dans mon DMP, mais on m’a répondu que ce n’était pas possible. Comment voulez-vous avoir une politique industrielle de prévention et de vaccination si, en face, les outils manquent ? Consultez votre espace santé et vous verrez que vous ne savez pas quel est votre état vaccinal ! J’ai consulté le mien : les seules vaccinations qui y figurent sont celles contre le covid il y a quatre ou cinq ans.Madame la ministre, l’article 20 est essentiel ; mais demandez à l’assurance maladie, qui est maintenant chargée de la gestion de Mon espace santé, que celui-ci intègre un véritable carnet de vaccination électronique qui contiendrait toutes les vaccinations et prévoirait des rappels, avec envoi de textos lorsque vous devez vous faire administrer un vaccin. Le vétérinaire est capable de vous envoyer un texto pour vous rappeler de vacciner votre animal de compagnie ; pour les patients humains, cette possibilité n’existe pas. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720644",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Nury",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Nury",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898906",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898906"
   ],
   "order": 306,
   "text": "Cet article, qui instaure une obligation vaccinale contre la grippe en Ehpad, me donne le sentiment de revenir cinq ans en arrière quand, dans cet hémicycle, la représentation nationale et le gouvernement, dans un grand délire collectif, ont adopté le passe sanitaire et le passe vaccinal, privant de liberté des millions de citoyens.Dans cet article 20, le gouvernement propose de créer un passe vaccinal spécial Ehpad pour les résidents et les soignants. Adieu liberté individuelle, consentement libre et éclairé : on infantilise et on contraint d’une manière inacceptable ! L’industrie pharmaceutique doit déjà se frotter les mains à l’idée de fournir 1 million de doses de vaccin à tous les résidents et personnels des Ehpad.Considérant qu’il est préférable d’inciter et de laisser le choix, plutôt que de contraindre, je propose la suppression de cet article.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "428",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 306,
   "amendments": [
    "428"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898906",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 135,
   "annotation_id": "Nfca9a0105e25",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article, qui instaure une obligation vaccinale contre la grippe en Ehpad, me donne le sentiment de revenir cinq ans en arrière quand, dans cet hémicycle, la représentation nationale et le gouvernement, dans un grand délire collectif, ont adopté le passe sanitaire et le passe vaccinal, privant de liberté des millions de citoyens.Dans cet article 20, le gouvernement propose de créer un passe vaccinal spécial Ehpad pour les résidents et les soignants. Adieu liberté individuelle, consentement libre et éclairé : on infantilise et on contraint d’une manière inacceptable ! L’industrie pharmaceutique doit déjà se frotter les mains à l’idée de fournir 1 million de doses de vaccin à tous les résidents et personnels des Ehpad.Considérant qu’il est préférable d’inciter et de laisser le choix, plutôt que de contraindre, je propose la suppression de cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898909",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898909"
   ],
   "order": 310,
   "text": "Je comprends votre inquiétude, eu égard à tous les débats qui ont pu exister il y a quelques années, mais je vais tenter de vous rassurer. Tout d’abord, l’obligation du vaccin contre la grippe existe déjà dans les établissements sanitaires et médico-sociaux, mais elle peut être suspendue si les conditions épidémiologiques le permettent. D’ailleurs, l’article ne concerne pas que la grippe, mais aussi la rougeole, qui réapparaît et peut entraîner de graves complications. Ensuite, la mesure est très ciblée : elle concerne les professions à risque, qui sont en contact avec un public très vulnérable.J’ai déposé sur cet article une dizaine d’amendements, tous rédactionnels – et tous défendus, évidemment – à l’exception d’un seul, le plus important, qui précisera que cette obligation vaut « sauf contre-indication médicale ».C’est donc une demande de retrait, sinon avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 310,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898909",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 136,
   "annotation_id": "N0aa22b05284d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends votre inquiétude, eu égard à tous les débats qui ont pu exister il y a quelques années, mais je vais tenter de vous rassurer. Tout d’abord, l’obligation du vaccin contre la grippe existe déjà dans les établissements sanitaires et médico-sociaux, mais elle peut être suspendue si les conditions épidémiologiques le permettent. D’ailleurs, l’article ne concerne pas que la grippe, mais aussi la rougeole, qui réapparaît et peut entraîner de graves complications. Ensuite, la mesure est très ciblée : elle concerne les professions à risque, qui sont en contact avec un public très vulnérable.J’ai déposé sur cet article une dizaine d’amendements, tous rédactionnels – et tous défendus, évidemment – à l’exception d’un seul, le plus important, qui précisera que cette obligation vaut « sauf contre-indication médicale ».C’est donc une demande de retrait, sinon avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898912",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898912"
   ],
   "order": 314,
   "text": "Cet article est sensible, compte tenu des nombreuses fausses informations qui circulent sur les réseaux sociaux. Nous devons donc en débattre pour rassurer les Français qui nous écoutent. Les professionnels soignants sont déjà soumis à des obligations vaccinales contre la diphtérie, le tétanos, la poliomyélite et l’hépatite B.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 314,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898912",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "Ne1989e07d50c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article est sensible, compte tenu des nombreuses fausses informations qui circulent sur les réseaux sociaux. Nous devons donc en débattre pour rassurer les Français qui nous écoutent. Les professionnels soignants sont déjà soumis à des obligations vaccinales contre la diphtérie, le tétanos, la poliomyélite et l’hépatite B."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898914",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898914"
   ],
   "order": 316,
   "text": "Nous allons rajouter le ROR (rougeole, oreillons, rubéole), puisque 80 % des infections par ROR sont nosocomiales, donc transmises par les soignants.Je comprends que vous souleviez la question de la liberté vaccinale, mais les soignants sont déjà soumis à des obligations vaccinales. En effet, des études ont montré que ces vaccins les protègent eux-mêmes, mais aussi les malades dont ils s’occupent.Cet article indique que si la HAS, qui est indépendante, valide scientifiquement le bénéfice que les patients tireront de la vaccination des soignants contre la grippe, l’obligation sera instaurée. La HAS a été saisie, mais nous n’aurons les résultats de ses travaux qu’à la fin du premier semestre 2026. Nous avons déjà inscrit cette mesure dans l’article 20 car, dans le cas où elle recommanderait la vaccination, nous pourrions démarrer la prochaine campagne dès avant l’adoption du PLFSS pour 2027.Nous savons déjà qu’il existe un intérêt personnel à se faire vacciner ; les études le montrent pour les personnes âgées de plus de 65 ans et celles atteintes de maladies chroniques. D’ailleurs, c’est maintenant qu’elles doivent se faire vacciner, puisque la grippe n’est pas encore là mais va bientôt arriver, comme tous les ans. Si la HAS valide l’intérêt collectif de la vaccination, nous l’imposerons aux soignants l’année prochaine.Avis défavorable sur cet amendement de suppression. Cet article sert l’intérêt des patients et des soignants.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 316,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898914",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 224,
   "annotation_id": "Nfd29b242721e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous allons rajouter le ROR (rougeole, oreillons, rubéole), puisque 80 % des infections par ROR sont nosocomiales, donc transmises par les soignants.Je comprends que vous souleviez la question de la liberté vaccinale, mais les soignants sont déjà soumis à des obligations vaccinales. En effet, des études ont montré que ces vaccins les protègent eux-mêmes, mais aussi les malades dont ils s’occupent.Cet article indique que si la HAS, qui est indépendante, valide scientifiquement le bénéfice que les patients tireront de la vaccination des soignants contre la grippe, l’obligation sera instaurée. La HAS a été saisie, mais nous n’aurons les résultats de ses travaux qu’à la fin du premier semestre 2026. Nous avons déjà inscrit cette mesure dans l’article 20 car, dans le cas où elle recommanderait la vaccination, nous pourrions démarrer la prochaine campagne dès avant l’adoption du PLFSS pour 2027.Nous savons déjà qu’il existe un intérêt personnel à se faire vacciner ; les études le montrent pour les personnes âgées de plus de 65 ans et celles atteintes de maladies chroniques. D’ailleurs, c’est maintenant qu’elles doivent se faire vacciner, puisque la grippe n’est pas encore là mais va bientôt arriver, comme tous les ans. Si la HAS valide l’intérêt collectif de la vaccination, nous l’imposerons aux soignants l’année prochaine.Avis défavorable sur cet amendement de suppression. Cet article sert l’intérêt des patients et des soignants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "Mme Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898920",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898920"
   ],
   "order": 322,
   "text": "C’est un sujet à la fois délicat, philosophique et de santé publique. Les libertés individuelles s’arrêtent là où les libertés collectives sont entravées. Or, face à une épidémie, les choses sont complexes car un virus se transmet avant même que l’on soit malade. Quand on est soignant, éviter d’être malade permet tout de même d’éviter de contaminer des patients fragilisés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 322,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898920",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "Nb1ab65e255e6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un sujet à la fois délicat, philosophique et de santé publique. Les libertés individuelles s’arrêtent là où les libertés collectives sont entravées. Or, face à une épidémie, les choses sont complexes car un virus se transmet avant même que l’on soit malade. Quand on est soignant, éviter d’être malade permet tout de même d’éviter de contaminer des patients fragilisés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "Mme Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898922",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898922"
   ],
   "order": 324,
   "text": "Il faut être très concret. L’idéologie n’a pas sa place ici : les soignants sont là pour soigner, mais aussi pour protéger leurs patients, et ils le font avec beaucoup de conscience professionnelle. Je suis donc défavorable à cet amendement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 324,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898922",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "Ne8fd1c94e36d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut être très concret. L’idéologie n’a pas sa place ici : les soignants sont là pour soigner, mais aussi pour protéger leurs patients, et ils le font avec beaucoup de conscience professionnelle. Je suis donc défavorable à cet amendement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898924",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898924"
   ],
   "order": 326,
   "text": "Nous sommes également opposés à cet amendement de suppression de l’article, parce que la politique vaccinale relève de la prévention.J’en profite, madame la ministre, pour vous interpeller à propos d’un amendement qui, malheureusement, a été jugé irrecevable. Il consistait à proposer une expérimentation pour soutenir la politique vaccinale sur nos territoires, en s’appuyant sur les acteurs sanitaires, sociaux, médico-sociaux, et sur les élus locaux. Pour soutenir une politique vaccinale, c’est l’aller vers qui produit le plus d’effet. J’aimerais donc savoir si, indépendamment de ce PLFSS, une telle expérimentation pourrait être envisagée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 326,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898924",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 91,
   "annotation_id": "N0edb5113a98d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes également opposés à cet amendement de suppression de l’article, parce que la politique vaccinale relève de la prévention.J’en profite, madame la ministre, pour vous interpeller à propos d’un amendement qui, malheureusement, a été jugé irrecevable. Il consistait à proposer une expérimentation pour soutenir la politique vaccinale sur nos territoires, en s’appuyant sur les acteurs sanitaires, sociaux, médico-sociaux, et sur les élus locaux. Pour soutenir une politique vaccinale, c’est l’aller vers qui produit le plus d’effet. J’aimerais donc savoir si, indépendamment de ce PLFSS, une telle expérimentation pourrait être envisagée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898927",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898927"
   ],
   "order": 329,
   "text": "Si nous sommes, en général, pour la prévention et l’incitation massive à la vaccination, l’obligation vaccinale pour les résidents en Ehpad nous laisse dubitatifs parce qu’ils y sont à domicile. Que fait-on si les résidents refusent d’être vaccinés ? Si la curatelle refuse que le résident soit vacciné ? Les met-on à la porte, les force-t-on ? C’est une question sincère : que fait-on des personnes dans la mesure où elles sont chez elles, en Ehpad ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 329,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898927",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "Nee001927794b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Si nous sommes, en général, pour la prévention et l’incitation massive à la vaccination, l’obligation vaccinale pour les résidents en Ehpad nous laisse dubitatifs parce qu’ils y sont à domicile. Que fait-on si les résidents refusent d’être vaccinés ? Si la curatelle refuse que le résident soit vacciné ? Les met-on à la porte, les force-t-on ? C’est une question sincère : que fait-on des personnes dans la mesure où elles sont chez elles, en Ehpad ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719032",
   "speaker": "Bertrand Bouyx",
   "quality": "M. Bertrand Bouyx",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898929",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898929"
   ],
   "order": 331,
   "text": "J’entends des collègues parler de liberté vaccinale alors que nous devons non seulement nous intéresser à l’ordre public, mais aussi à la santé publique. Il faudra tôt ou tard aborder la question de l’assurance multirisque professionnelle des établissements qui ne favorisent pas ces politiques de santé publique, ou qui passent au travers. Il est insupportable d’entendre parler de liberté sans qu’il soit question de la responsabilité des professionnels de santé. S’il est impossible d’obliger les professionnels de santé à se faire vacciner, il faudra peut-être qu’ils assument financièrement leurs responsabilités. (Mme Sandra Marsaud et M. Michel Lauzzana applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 331,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898929",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 98,
   "annotation_id": "Nb19afcf78166",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’entends des collègues parler de liberté vaccinale alors que nous devons non seulement nous intéresser à l’ordre public, mais aussi à la santé publique. Il faudra tôt ou tard aborder la question de l’assurance multirisque professionnelle des établissements qui ne favorisent pas ces politiques de santé publique, ou qui passent au travers. Il est insupportable d’entendre parler de liberté sans qu’il soit question de la responsabilité des professionnels de santé. S’il est impossible d’obliger les professionnels de santé à se faire vacciner, il faudra peut-être qu’ils assument financièrement leurs responsabilités. (Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898931",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898931"
   ],
   "order": 333,
   "text": "Je partage en partie les préoccupations de notre collègue Nury. Madame la ministre, je vous remercie pour votre début de réponse dans ce débat important, sensible, que nous devons avoir sur le fond.Évidemment, il existe déjà certaines obligations vaccinales, mais vous confirmez bien l’ajout de nouveaux vaccins. Ce ne sont donc pas de fausses informations qui circulent, sur les réseaux sociaux notamment, mais une inquiétude légitime exprimée par les soignants.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 333,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898931",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N7eb744e9617e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage en partie les préoccupations de notre collègue Nury. Madame la ministre, je vous remercie pour votre début de réponse dans ce débat important, sensible, que nous devons avoir sur le fond.Évidemment, il existe déjà certaines obligations vaccinales, mais vous confirmez bien l’ajout de nouveaux vaccins. Ce ne sont donc pas de fausses informations qui circulent, sur les réseaux sociaux notamment, mais une inquiétude légitime exprimée par les soignants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898934",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898934"
   ],
   "order": 336,
   "text": "Nous ne voterons pas cet amendement de suppression car nous voulons mener un débat de fond en défendant nos amendements. Nous allons nous abstenir, mais nous conditionnerons notre vote final à l’adoption de nos amendements. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 336,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898934",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "N35498deab3bc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne voterons pas cet amendement de suppression car nous voulons mener un débat de fond en défendant nos amendements. Nous allons nous abstenir, mais nous conditionnerons notre vote final à l’adoption de nos amendements. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898936",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898936"
   ],
   "order": 338,
   "text": "Je souhaite répondre à Mme Amiot, qui demande ce que l’on fait si les patients ne souhaitent pas être vaccinés dans les Ehpad. D’abord, 82 % des résidents en Ehpad sont vaccinés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 338,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898936",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N25382ddbf3d6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite répondre à Mme Amiot, qui demande ce que l’on fait si les patients ne souhaitent pas être vaccinés dans les Ehpad. D’abord, 82 % des résidents en Ehpad sont vaccinés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898938",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898938"
   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "C’est bien mais on peut faire mieux, ce qui motive cette obligation. Si elle est adoptée, suivant les recommandations à venir de l’HAS, il relèvera de la responsabilité gouvernementale d’assumer les données scientifiques qui entraînent cette obligation. C’est une façon de rassurer beaucoup de nos concitoyens inquiets face à la vaccination.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 340,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898938",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "Ne5de80576805",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est bien mais on peut faire mieux, ce qui motive cette obligation. Si elle est adoptée, suivant les recommandations à venir de l’HAS, il relèvera de la responsabilité gouvernementale d’assumer les données scientifiques qui entraînent cette obligation. C’est une façon de rassurer beaucoup de nos concitoyens inquiets face à la vaccination."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898940",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898940"
   ],
   "order": 342,
   "text": "En revanche, seuls 25 % des soignants sont vaccinés, à ce jour, contre la grippe. Un énorme effort est à faire auprès des soignants pour, au minimum, les inciter à se faire vacciner.En ce qui concerne la décision de retirer ou pas les personnes des Ehpad, les décisions seront prises en concertation avec les directeurs d’établissement et les comités de patients. Notre volonté n’est pas d’exclure des résidents, mais, lorsque la HAS aura confirmé le bénéfice collectif de la vaccination, de rassurer et d’inciter plus de soignants à se faire vacciner. Il n’est pas normal que, dans notre pays, seuls 25 % des soignants soient vaccinés contre la grippe. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 342,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898940",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "Ncb1e58fdf9f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En revanche, seuls 25 % des soignants sont vaccinés, à ce jour, contre la grippe. Un énorme effort est à faire auprès des soignants pour, au minimum, les inciter à se faire vacciner.En ce qui concerne la décision de retirer ou pas les personnes des Ehpad, les décisions seront prises en concertation avec les directeurs d’établissement et les comités de patients. Notre volonté n’est pas d’exclure des résidents, mais, lorsque la HAS aura confirmé le bénéfice collectif de la vaccination, de rassurer et d’inciter plus de soignants à se faire vacciner. Il n’est pas normal que, dans notre pays, seuls 25 % des soignants soient vaccinés contre la grippe. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898947",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898947"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Madame la ministre, je vous avais promis cet amendement qui vise à supprimer le rôle des ARS dans le pilotage des centres de vaccination. Nous souhaitons, comme vous le savez, la suppression de ces agences et nous ne voulons surtout pas leur donner de nouvelles prérogatives.Pendant le Covid, les centres de vaccination ont très bien été pilotés par le couple maire-préfet. C’est l’organisation que nous proposons, plutôt que de passer par les ARS. Il y a trois jours, j’ai publié un rapport sur le rôle des collectivités territoriales en matière de santé : nous avons des propositions à vous faire pour réorganiser autrement le pilotage de la santé et, en l’occurrence, de la vaccination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "1749",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 349,
   "amendments": [
    "1749"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898947",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 123,
   "annotation_id": "N68f157a43fa0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre, je vous avais promis cet amendement qui vise à supprimer le rôle des ARS dans le pilotage des centres de vaccination. Nous souhaitons, comme vous le savez, la suppression de ces agences et nous ne voulons surtout pas leur donner de nouvelles prérogatives.Pendant le Covid, les centres de vaccination ont très bien été pilotés par le couple maire-préfet. C’est l’organisation que nous proposons, plutôt que de passer par les ARS. Il y a trois jours, j’ai publié un rapport sur le rôle des collectivités territoriales en matière de santé : nous avons des propositions à vous faire pour réorganiser autrement le pilotage de la santé et, en l’occurrence, de la vaccination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898950",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898950"
   ],
   "order": 352,
   "text": "Nous avons déjà débattu en commission sur ce point. Dans certains territoires, les collectivités pilotent la vaccination, mais il est important qu’un pilotage unifié des activités de vaccination existe dans chaque territoire. Parfois, les collectivités ne peuvent pas l’assurer, ou ne le souhaitent pas. Il peut être important que ce pilotage relève d’une émanation de l’État. La question de la manière de déconcentrer l’État dans les territoires peut se poser : puisque vous souhaitez la suppression des ARS, regrettez-vous les DDASS (directions départementales des affaires sanitaires et sociales) ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 352,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3898950",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "Nd00ebb616f95",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons déjà débattu en commission sur ce point. Dans certains territoires, les collectivités pilotent la vaccination, mais il est important qu’un pilotage unifié des activités de vaccination existe dans chaque territoire. Parfois, les collectivités ne peuvent pas l’assurer, ou ne le souhaitent pas. Il peut être important que ce pilotage relève d’une émanation de l’État. La question de la manière de déconcentrer l’État dans les territoires peut se poser : puisque vous souhaitez la suppression des ARS, regrettez-vous les DDASS (directions départementales des affaires sanitaires et sociales) ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899119",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899119"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Le rôle des ARS peut faire débat, mais il ne faut pas céder à la simplification – et je ne dis pas que c’est ce que vous faites. D’ailleurs le dispositif peut connaître des améliorations.On l’a vu pendant la pandémie de covid, notre politique vaccinale suppose une chaîne de commandement courte et efficace. Elle l’est, même quand elle passe par les ARS : le rapport d’Agnès Firmin Le Bodo pour la commission des affaires sociales l’a démontré, à mon étonnement, à l’issue de la crise sanitaire.Qu’il faille renforcer l’ancrage territorial des ARS, je vous rejoins là-dessus, d’autant que la configuration la plus efficace est celle qui repose sur le couple formé par le directeur de l’ARS ou le préfet, d’une part, et le maire et le président du conseil départemental, d’autre part. En tout cas, simplifier au nom de l’efficacité ne fonctionne pas toujours. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 356,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899119",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "Nd835a78492d2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le rôle des ARS peut faire débat, mais il ne faut pas céder à la simplification – et je ne dis pas que c’est ce que vous faites. D’ailleurs le dispositif peut connaître des améliorations.On l’a vu pendant la pandémie de covid, notre politique vaccinale suppose une chaîne de commandement courte et efficace. Elle l’est, même quand elle passe par les ARS : le rapport d’[PERSONNE] pour la commission des affaires sociales l’a démontré, à mon étonnement, à l’issue de la crise sanitaire.Qu’il faille renforcer l’ancrage territorial des ARS, je vous rejoins là-dessus, d’autant que la configuration la plus efficace est celle qui repose sur le couple formé par le directeur de l’ARS ou le préfet, d’une part, et le maire et le président du conseil départemental, d’autre part. En tout cas, simplifier au nom de l’efficacité ne fonctionne pas toujours. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899124",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899124"
   ],
   "order": 360,
   "text": "Qui pourrait remettre en question l’efficacité de la vaccination contre la poliomyélite, qui a permis d’éradiquer la maladie ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)Quand on parle de liberté, il faut parler de responsabilité. On dispose d’un vaccin qui coûte zéro francs six sous, qui permet d’éviter la grippe, une maladie mortelle pour les plus fragiles, et la multiplication des arrêts maladie chez ceux qui travaillent.On doit sans doute débattre de l’organisation de la vaccination et du rôle qu’y joueront les ARS, les médecins généralistes ou une infirmière ; en revanche, on ne devrait pas débattre de l’importance de la vaccination. Comme l’a dit notre collègue Bouyx, il n’est pas impossible qu’un jour un patient ou une famille porte plainte contre un soignant qui a pris en charge une personne âgée fragile et lui a transmis la grippe.Je ne comprends pas comment, en 2025, on peut en être encore là au sujet des vaccinations. Ce débat me paraît être d’un autre temps ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 360,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899124",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 171,
   "annotation_id": "N28a81bbabacc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Qui pourrait remettre en question l’efficacité de la vaccination contre la poliomyélite, qui a permis d’éradiquer la maladie ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Quand on parle de liberté, il faut parler de responsabilité. On dispose d’un vaccin qui coûte zéro francs six sous, qui permet d’éviter la grippe, une maladie mortelle pour les plus fragiles, et la multiplication des arrêts maladie chez ceux qui travaillent.On doit sans doute débattre de l’organisation de la vaccination et du rôle qu’y joueront les ARS, les médecins généralistes ou une infirmière ; en revanche, on ne devrait pas débattre de l’importance de la vaccination. Comme l’a dit notre collègue Bouyx, il n’est pas impossible qu’un jour un patient ou une famille porte plainte contre un soignant qui a pris en charge une personne âgée fragile et lui a transmis la grippe.Je ne comprends pas comment, en 2025, on peut en être encore là au sujet des vaccinations. Ce débat me paraît être d’un autre temps ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899136",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899136"
   ],
   "order": 372,
   "text": "Le sort de cet amendement pourrait faire basculer le vote final de l’article 20. Il tend à supprimer les alinéas 4 à 16 de l’article, ceux qui posent le plus problème.Ces alinéas portent sur une nouvelle obligation vaccinale des soignants. Rappelons que ceux-ci sont déjà soumis à une telle obligation, mais que vous voulez aller plus loin.Nous sommes attachés à la liberté vaccinale et nous voulons la protéger. C’est un principe fondamental. En matière de vaccination, notre position est très simple : convaincre plutôt que contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "1749",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 372,
   "amendments": [
    "1749"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899136",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N772ca6c34178",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le sort de cet amendement pourrait faire basculer le vote final de l’article 20. Il tend à supprimer les alinéas 4 à 16 de l’article, ceux qui posent le plus problème.Ces alinéas portent sur une nouvelle obligation vaccinale des soignants. Rappelons que ceux-ci sont déjà soumis à une telle obligation, mais que vous voulez aller plus loin.Nous sommes attachés à la liberté vaccinale et nous voulons la protéger. C’est un principe fondamental. En matière de vaccination, notre position est très simple : convaincre plutôt que contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899141",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899141"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "Cet amendement que vous considérez comme un pont de bascule porte sur les trois quarts de l’article. Autant dire que ce qui pourrait faire basculer votre vote n’est pas négligeable !L’obligation vaccinale dont il est question est ciblée sur les professionnels qui sont au contact des publics les plus vulnérables. Elle ne repose pas sur un principe de généralisation, mais sur un principe de ciblage.Il en va de même pour la vaccination contre la rougeole, qui cible, entre autres, les personnes au contact d’enfants, chez qui les risques de contamination sont importants.Votre amendement ne me semble pas pertinent, car il tend à vider l’article de sa substance. Supprimer ce dernier vous aurait permis d’atteindre le même résultat, et nous aurions gagné du temps.Je demande le retrait de votre amendement, sinon mon avis sera défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 376,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899141",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 134,
   "annotation_id": "Nc6793544630a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement que vous considérez comme un pont de bascule porte sur les trois quarts de l’article. Autant dire que ce qui pourrait faire basculer votre vote n’est pas négligeable !L’obligation vaccinale dont il est question est ciblée sur les professionnels qui sont au contact des publics les plus vulnérables. Elle ne repose pas sur un principe de généralisation, mais sur un principe de ciblage.Il en va de même pour la vaccination contre la rougeole, qui cible, entre autres, les personnes au contact d’enfants, chez qui les risques de contamination sont importants.Votre amendement ne me semble pas pertinent, car il tend à vider l’article de sa substance. Supprimer ce dernier vous aurait permis d’atteindre le même résultat, et nous aurions gagné du temps.Je demande le retrait de votre amendement, sinon mon avis sera défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899147",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899147"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "L’amendement ne tend pas à supprimer l’article 20, mais presque tous ses alinéas !Vous l’avez clairement indiqué, vous êtes contre l’obligation vaccinale. Moi non plus, je n’aime pas les obligations et j’aurais préféré qu’une simple incitation fonctionne, mais quand on est aux responsabilités, on est obligé de protéger les gens.La rougeole est une maladie grave, qui n’est pas seulement infantile : elle peut provoquer des malformations chez le bébé d’une femme enceinte et peut être mortelle dans certains cas. Or, dans 83 % des cas, la rougeole est une infection nosocomiale, contractée dans un établissement de santé. C’est ma responsabilité, sachant que les soignants sont très peu vaccinés, d’aller au-delà de la simple incitation.Je comprends la facilité qu’il y a à choisir de convaincre, d’autant que moi aussi, je m’y emploie. Il est temps de se faire vacciner. Je dis à tous les soignants du pays de se vacciner contre la grippe, pour protéger leurs patients. S’ils me suivent, nous n’aurons pas besoin d’obligation vaccinale.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 382,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899147",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 165,
   "annotation_id": "N4f38604fc28a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement ne tend pas à supprimer l’article 20, mais presque tous ses alinéas !Vous l’avez clairement indiqué, vous êtes contre l’obligation vaccinale. Moi non plus, je n’aime pas les obligations et j’aurais préféré qu’une simple incitation fonctionne, mais quand on est aux responsabilités, on est obligé de protéger les gens.La rougeole est une maladie grave, qui n’est pas seulement infantile : elle peut provoquer des malformations chez le bébé d’une femme enceinte et peut être mortelle dans certains cas. Or, dans 83 % des cas, la rougeole est une infection nosocomiale, contractée dans un établissement de santé. C’est ma responsabilité, sachant que les soignants sont très peu vaccinés, d’aller au-delà de la simple incitation.Je comprends la facilité qu’il y a à choisir de convaincre, d’autant que moi aussi, je m’y emploie. Il est temps de se faire vacciner. Je dis à tous les soignants du pays de se vacciner contre la grippe, pour protéger leurs patients. S’ils me suivent, nous n’aurons pas besoin d’obligation vaccinale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899152",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899152"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "Il n’y a pas si longtemps, la vaccination était obligatoire. Les enfants étaient vaccinés par le BCG et on ne se posait pas de telles questions. Depuis, quelque chose s’est perdu, et on voit se développer des doutes sur la vaccination, sûrement alimentés par les réseaux sociaux. Je suis, pour ma part, favorable à la vaccination, mais j’ai entendu, au moment du covid, les résistances qui se sont exprimées à l’égard de l’obligation vaccinale, en particulier outre-mer, aux Antilles, mais aussi dans les hôpitaux de l’Hexagone.Défavorable à cet amendement, je suis convaincu qu’il faut aller vers la vaccination obligatoire, mais en faisant preuve de beaucoup de pédagogie, car un nouveau blocage nous empêcherait d’atteindre notre objectif. Madame la ministre, quelle méthode envisagez-vous pour aller vers l’obligation vaccinale et créer de l’adhésion ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 387,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899152",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 132,
   "annotation_id": "N5fdfdbab61a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LMPT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’y a pas si longtemps, la vaccination était obligatoire. Les enfants étaient vaccinés par le BCG et on ne se posait pas de telles questions. Depuis, quelque chose s’est perdu, et on voit se développer des doutes sur la vaccination, sûrement alimentés par les réseaux sociaux. Je suis, pour ma part, favorable à la vaccination, mais j’ai entendu, au moment du covid, les résistances qui se sont exprimées à l’égard de l’obligation vaccinale, en particulier outre-mer, aux Antilles, mais aussi dans les hôpitaux de l’Hexagone.Défavorable à cet amendement, je suis convaincu qu’il faut aller vers la vaccination obligatoire, mais en faisant preuve de beaucoup de pédagogie, car un nouveau blocage nous empêcherait d’atteindre notre objectif. Madame la ministre, quelle méthode envisagez-vous pour aller vers l’obligation vaccinale et créer de l’adhésion ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794762",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899163",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899163"
   ],
   "order": 395,
   "text": "À ce sujet, je vous renvoie à l’article L. 111-4 du code de la santé publique.Lorsque nous examinions la proposition de loi relative à la fin de vie, beaucoup défendaient la liberté de choisir. En matière de vaccination, c’est pareil : chacun doit être libre de se faire vacciner ou pas.Alors que nous manquons de soignants, certains d’entre eux ont été purement et simplement écartés parce qu’ils avaient refusé un vaccin. C’est une faute. Ces femmes et ces hommes ont souvent servi au plus fort de la crise sanitaire ; ils méritent le respect, pas la sanction ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.) La vaccination doit rester un choix éclairé, fondé sur la confiance et non sur la contrainte. Les Français n’ont pas besoin d’injonctions, ils ont besoin de clarté, de transparence et de liberté.Protéger, ce n’est pas imposer. La République, ce n’est pas la peur ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 395,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899163",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 156,
   "annotation_id": "N72720cb6fdbb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À ce sujet, je vous renvoie à l’article L. 111-4 du code de la santé publique.Lorsque nous examinions la proposition de loi relative à la fin de vie, beaucoup défendaient la liberté de choisir. En matière de vaccination, c’est pareil : chacun doit être libre de se faire vacciner ou pas.Alors que nous manquons de soignants, certains d’entre eux ont été purement et simplement écartés parce qu’ils avaient refusé un vaccin. C’est une faute. Ces femmes et ces hommes ont souvent servi au plus fort de la crise sanitaire ; ils méritent le respect, pas la sanction ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) La vaccination doit rester un choix éclairé, fondé sur la confiance et non sur la contrainte. Les Français n’ont pas besoin d’injonctions, ils ont besoin de clarté, de transparence et de liberté.Protéger, ce n’est pas imposer. La République, ce n’est pas la peur ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840143",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Florquin",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Florquin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899857",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899857"
   ],
   "order": 411,
   "text": "Cet amendement de repli, adopté en commission et repris par le rapporteur général, vise à introduire une exception médicale explicite à l’obligation vaccinale contre la grippe pour les professionnels de santé exerçant à titre libéral. Il s’agit tout simplement de reconnaître, conformément au principe de proportionnalité, que certains professionnels peuvent présenter une contre-indication médicale avérée qui rend la vaccination impossible ou risquée. Une telle disposition relève du bon sens : on ne peut pas imposer une obligation sanitaire uniforme à ceux qui, pour des raisons médicales, ne peuvent s’y soumettre sans danger. Cette précision permettrait d’étendre aux professionnels de santé un droit déjà reconnu aux résidents des Ehpad et de garantir le respect de la situation individuelle de chacun.Le vaccin contre la grippe a fait ses preuves et demeure un outil essentiel de prévention et de protection, notamment pour les soignants des publics fragiles. Pour être efficace et accepté, il doit cependant reposer sur l’adhésion, la pédagogie et la confiance. En matière de santé publique, il faut convaincre et non contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 411,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899857",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 178,
   "annotation_id": "Nf5ba1602ba20",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement de repli, adopté en commission et repris par le rapporteur général, vise à introduire une exception médicale explicite à l’obligation vaccinale contre la grippe pour les professionnels de santé exerçant à titre libéral. Il s’agit tout simplement de reconnaître, conformément au principe de proportionnalité, que certains professionnels peuvent présenter une contre-indication médicale avérée qui rend la vaccination impossible ou risquée. Une telle disposition relève du bon sens : on ne peut pas imposer une obligation sanitaire uniforme à ceux qui, pour des raisons médicales, ne peuvent s’y soumettre sans danger. Cette précision permettrait d’étendre aux professionnels de santé un droit déjà reconnu aux résidents des Ehpad et de garantir le respect de la situation individuelle de chacun.Le vaccin contre la grippe a fait ses preuves et demeure un outil essentiel de prévention et de protection, notamment pour les soignants des publics fragiles. Pour être efficace et accepté, il doit cependant reposer sur l’adhésion, la pédagogie et la confiance. En matière de santé publique, il faut convaincre et non contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899860",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899860"
   ],
   "order": 414,
   "text": "En commission des affaires sociales, présidée par M. Frédéric Valletoux, nous avons observé que l’alinéa 11 de l’article 20 ne reprenait pas la rédaction de l’alinéa 5, où figurait déjà l’exemption en question. Aussi étions-nous convenus, dans un souci d’harmonisation et afin de cibler la même chose à l’alinéa 11, de reprendre les mêmes termes – « sauf contre-indication médicale reconnue ». L’amendement a été adopté par la commission.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "2504",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 414,
   "amendments": [
    "2504"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899860",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N7b326872807d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En commission des affaires sociales, présidée par M. [PERSONNE], nous avons observé que l’alinéa 11 de l’article 20 ne reprenait pas la rédaction de l’alinéa 5, où figurait déjà l’exemption en question. Aussi étions-nous convenus, dans un souci d’harmonisation et afin de cibler la même chose à l’alinéa 11, de reprendre les mêmes termes – « sauf contre-indication médicale reconnue ». L’amendement a été adopté par la commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899864",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899864"
   ],
   "order": 418,
   "text": "Tout en étant favorable à cet amendement, je reviens sur le thème de nos échanges : vaccins et liberté. Tout le monde connaît la locution latine primum non nocere, qui signifie « d’abord, ne pas nuire ». Ce principe a toujours guidé l’enseignement des soignants ; ils doivent l’avoir en tête.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 418,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899864",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "Na0dbf6b74f13",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Tout en étant favorable à cet amendement, je reviens sur le thème de nos échanges : vaccins et liberté. Tout le monde connaît la locution latine primum non nocere, qui signifie « d’abord, ne pas nuire ». Ce principe a toujours guidé l’enseignement des soignants ; ils doivent l’avoir en tête."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899866",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899866"
   ],
   "order": 420,
   "text": "La liberté que l’on évoque ici pour certains serait la liberté de transmettre des maladies à d’autres personnes. Le droit de ne pas se vacciner, c’est cela : le droit de transmettre la grippe ou la tuberculose à d’autres personnes fragiles ! Comment peut-on, en tant que soignant, envisager de ne pas se vacciner ? Dans ce cas, il ne faut pas être soignant ! Cette position s’apparente à une négation de la science, donc à de l’obscurantisme. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 420,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899866",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N3885a861a5a3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La liberté que l’on évoque ici pour certains serait la liberté de transmettre des maladies à d’autres personnes. Le droit de ne pas se vacciner, c’est cela : le droit de transmettre la grippe ou la tuberculose à d’autres personnes fragiles ! Comment peut-on, en tant que soignant, envisager de ne pas se vacciner ? Dans ce cas, il ne faut pas être soignant ! Cette position s’apparente à une négation de la science, donc à de l’obscurantisme. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899877",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899877"
   ],
   "order": 431,
   "text": "Je profite de l’examen de cette série d’amendements rédactionnels – à l’égard desquels nous aurons une position constructive et courageuse d’abstention de combat – pour demander à Mme la ministre pourquoi la couverture vaccinale ne concerne que 82 % des résidentes et des résidents d’Ehpad – ce taux important est une bonne nouvelle mais ne pourrait-il pas être plus élevé ? A-t-on une idée des raisons pour lesquelles 18 % ne le sont pas ? Si oui, il serait utile de les connaître. Ensuite, que se passe-t-il si les résidents des Ehpad, qui sont chez eux, refusent l’obligation, quelle est la conséquence contractuelle ? Peuvent-ils rester chez eux, en Ehpad ? Nous n’avons toujours pas la réponse. Enfin, pourquoi avoir réservé la prise en charge totale du coût vaccinal aux résidents et ne pas l’étendre aux soignants concernés ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3900006",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 431,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899877",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "Nedea9f4e5633",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je profite de l’examen de cette série d’amendements rédactionnels – à l’égard desquels nous aurons une position constructive et courageuse d’abstention de combat – pour demander à Mme la ministre pourquoi la couverture vaccinale ne concerne que 82 % des résidentes et des résidents d’Ehpad – ce taux important est une bonne nouvelle mais ne pourrait-il pas être plus élevé ? A-t-on une idée des raisons pour lesquelles 18 % ne le sont pas ? Si oui, il serait utile de les connaître. Ensuite, que se passe-t-il si les résidents des Ehpad, qui sont chez eux, refusent l’obligation, quelle est la conséquence contractuelle ? Peuvent-ils rester chez eux, en Ehpad ? Nous n’avons toujours pas la réponse. Enfin, pourquoi avoir réservé la prise en charge totale du coût vaccinal aux résidents et ne pas l’étendre aux soignants concernés ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899894",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899894"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "Il est défavorable. Le FIR est important : il permet aux ARS d’adapter territorialement le financement de la sécurité sociale. L’une de ses missions est l’organisation et la promotion de parcours de santé coordonnés. La loi de 2023 visant à améliorer l’accès aux soins par l’engagement territorial des professionnels a précisé les modalités de la participation des parlementaires aux conseils de surveillance des ARS. Dans la région Centre-Val de Loire, nous avons ainsi pu obtenir le détail des financements alloués par le FIR – ce qui a permis de constater son importance. J’y tiens particulièrement, et il faut se réjouir de voir ses crédits augmenter ces dernières années. J’émets donc un avis défavorable sur l’amendement et sur le sous-amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 448,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899894",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "Nbe1f21e1042b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est défavorable. Le FIR est important : il permet aux ARS d’adapter territorialement le financement de la sécurité sociale. L’une de ses missions est l’organisation et la promotion de parcours de santé coordonnés. La loi de 2023 visant à améliorer l’accès aux soins par l’engagement territorial des professionnels a précisé les modalités de la participation des parlementaires aux conseils de surveillance des ARS. Dans la région Centre-Val de Loire, nous avons ainsi pu obtenir le détail des financements alloués par le FIR – ce qui a permis de constater son importance. J’y tiens particulièrement, et il faut se réjouir de voir ses crédits augmenter ces dernières années. J’émets donc un avis défavorable sur l’amendement et sur le sous-amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841713",
   "speaker": "Boris Tavernier",
   "quality": "M. Boris Tavernier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899896"
   ],
   "order": 450,
   "text": "En considérant comme accessoire la participation des usagers au système de santé, nous enverrions un signal très préoccupant, puisqu’il s’agirait d’une remise en cause de la logique de coconstruction qui l’anime. La démocratie sanitaire n’est pas un luxe mais un levier d’efficacité et de justice. Elle repose sur deux piliers indissociables : d’un côté le respect des droits des patients et des usagers, de l’autre la participation des acteurs de santé à l’élaboration et à la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques. La participation citoyenne en matière de prévention, de vaccination, d’accès aux soins, d’implantation de structures ou de formations médicales est, quant à elle, indispensable si l’on veut adapter notre système de santé aux besoins réels du terrain. Ne sacrifions pas la démocratie sanitaire ; rejetons l’amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 450,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899896",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 128,
   "annotation_id": "N130e400fbff7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En considérant comme accessoire la participation des usagers au système de santé, nous enverrions un signal très préoccupant, puisqu’il s’agirait d’une remise en cause de la logique de coconstruction qui l’anime. La démocratie sanitaire n’est pas un luxe mais un levier d’efficacité et de justice. Elle repose sur deux piliers indissociables : d’un côté le respect des droits des patients et des usagers, de l’autre la participation des acteurs de santé à l’élaboration et à la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques. La participation citoyenne en matière de prévention, de vaccination, d’accès aux soins, d’implantation de structures ou de formations médicales est, quant à elle, indispensable si l’on veut adapter notre système de santé aux besoins réels du terrain. Ne sacrifions pas la démocratie sanitaire ; rejetons l’amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899898",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899898"
   ],
   "order": 452,
   "text": "Pardonnez-moi si je n’ai pas été suffisamment clair, monsieur Tavernier, il est tard. Le sous-amendement que je propose vise précisément à conserver la mission du FIR consistant à développer la démocratie sanitaire – et ce, afin de réparer un loupé survenu en commission. Resteriez-vous défavorable à l’amendement quand bien même nous adopterions son sous-amendement ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 452,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899898",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Nf5aa07222ec6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pardonnez-moi si je n’ai pas été suffisamment clair, monsieur Tavernier, il est tard. Le sous-amendement que je propose vise précisément à conserver la mission du FIR consistant à développer la démocratie sanitaire – et ce, afin de réparer un loupé survenu en commission. Resteriez-vous défavorable à l’amendement quand bien même nous adopterions son sous-amendement ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899910",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899910"
   ],
   "order": 464,
   "text": "Il vise à autoriser les médecins généralistes qui le souhaitent à détenir des vaccins contre la grippe saisonnière et le covid-19, en vue de leur administration directe aux personnes concernées par les recommandations du calendrier vaccinal.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 464,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899910",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N2def48dbca1d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à autoriser les médecins généralistes qui le souhaitent à détenir des vaccins contre la grippe saisonnière et le covid-19, en vue de leur administration directe aux personnes concernées par les recommandations du calendrier vaccinal."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899912",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899912"
   ],
   "order": 466,
   "text": "Vous voulez autoriser les médecins à stocker des vaccins afin qu’ils puissent vacciner de manière opportuniste les patients qu’ils reçoivent en consultation et qui en auraient besoin, afin d’éviter à ces derniers d’avoir à se déplacer plusieurs fois – une fois chez le médecin pour la prescription, une autre chez le pharmacien pour obtenir le vaccin, voire une troisième fois, de nouveau chez le médecin, pour la vaccination, au cas où celle-ci ne serait pas possible au sein de la pharmacie.Sur le papier, l’idée de concentrer toutes ces étapes en une seule est très séduisante, mais je me demande si son application n’entraînerait pas des complications. Financières, tout d’abord : les médecins devront-ils avancer les frais des vaccins auprès des pharmaciens ? Ensuite sur le plan sécuritaire et réglementaire : le stockage étant très réglementé, et variable en fonction des vaccins, les médecins seraient-ils en mesure de s’aligner sur ce niveau d’exigence ?L’amendement n’a pas été examiné en commission. À titre personnel et de manière spontanée, j’aurais tendance à y être favorable. Je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 466,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899912",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 181,
   "annotation_id": "N982ed78a4ae4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous voulez autoriser les médecins à stocker des vaccins afin qu’ils puissent vacciner de manière opportuniste les patients qu’ils reçoivent en consultation et qui en auraient besoin, afin d’éviter à ces derniers d’avoir à se déplacer plusieurs fois – une fois chez le médecin pour la prescription, une autre chez le pharmacien pour obtenir le vaccin, voire une troisième fois, de nouveau chez le médecin, pour la vaccination, au cas où celle-ci ne serait pas possible au sein de la pharmacie.Sur le papier, l’idée de concentrer toutes ces étapes en une seule est très séduisante, mais je me demande si son application n’entraînerait pas des complications. Financières, tout d’abord : les médecins devront-ils avancer les frais des vaccins auprès des pharmaciens ? Ensuite sur le plan sécuritaire et réglementaire : le stockage étant très réglementé, et variable en fonction des vaccins, les médecins seraient-ils en mesure de s’aligner sur ce niveau d’exigence ?L’amendement n’a pas été examiné en commission. À titre personnel et de manière spontanée, j’aurais tendance à y être favorable. Je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899916",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899916"
   ],
   "order": 470,
   "text": "Je voudrais d’abord faire part de ma tristesse après le rejet de l’article 20. Nous avons encore beaucoup de boulot à fournir pour que la science revienne au centre de la société. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et GDR. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 470,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3899916",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "Nb1067cc14c43",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais d’abord faire part de ma tristesse après le rejet de l’article 20. Nous avons encore beaucoup de boulot à fournir pour que la science revienne au centre de la société. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900252",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900252"
   ],
   "order": 474,
   "text": "La ministre a raison : le rejet de l’article 20 est regrettable.Je suis très favorable à l’amendement du collègue Colombani. Auparavant, les médecins disposaient de vaccins à leur cabinet. Ainsi, lorsqu’ils convainquaient leur patient de son bien-fondé, la vaccination pouvait être effectuée directement. L’administration du vaccin a moins de chances d’être faite si le patient doit préalablement se rendre chez le pharmacien pour se le procurer. Il faut rétablir quelque chose de plus fonctionnel.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 474,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900252",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N22d4fed1433e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La ministre a raison : le rejet de l’article 20 est regrettable.Je suis très favorable à l’amendement du collègue Colombani. Auparavant, les médecins disposaient de vaccins à leur cabinet. Ainsi, lorsqu’ils convainquaient leur patient de son bien-fondé, la vaccination pouvait être effectuée directement. L’administration du vaccin a moins de chances d’être faite si le patient doit préalablement se rendre chez le pharmacien pour se le procurer. Il faut rétablir quelque chose de plus fonctionnel."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900258"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "Tous les moyens qui peuvent favoriser la vaccination non obligatoire doivent être mobilisés. La possibilité pour les médecins généralistes qui maîtrisent la chaîne du froid de vacciner facilement, en ayant des vaccins à leur disposition, constituera une avancée significative. À l’occasion d’une banale consultation, ils pourront ainsi demander à leur patient s’il est vacciné contre la grippe, se saisir de la dose conservée au réfrigérateur et l’administrer. Cela sauvera de nombreuses vies, évitera des arrêts de travail ainsi que des procès. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 480,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900258",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "Ne8eac907d6e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Tous les moyens qui peuvent favoriser la vaccination non obligatoire doivent être mobilisés. La possibilité pour les médecins généralistes qui maîtrisent la chaîne du froid de vacciner facilement, en ayant des vaccins à leur disposition, constituera une avancée significative. À l’occasion d’une banale consultation, ils pourront ainsi demander à leur patient s’il est vacciné contre la grippe, se saisir de la dose conservée au réfrigérateur et l’administrer. Cela sauvera de nombreuses vies, évitera des arrêts de travail ainsi que des procès. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900261",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900261"
   ],
   "order": 483,
   "text": "L’esprit est le même que pour l’amendement précédent qui ciblait la grippe saisonnière. Mon avis demeure plutôt favorable. Cependant, son adoption entraînera l’insertion d’un deuxième article additionnel fort ressemblant à celui qui existe déjà. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.) Oui, vous me direz, au point où on en est… Tout de même, il faudra rapprocher les deux dispositions pour que le texte reste cohérent. Sagesse.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 483,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900261",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "N4d5b85bed001",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’esprit est le même que pour l’amendement précédent qui ciblait la grippe saisonnière. Mon avis demeure plutôt favorable. Cependant, son adoption entraînera l’insertion d’un deuxième article additionnel fort ressemblant à celui qui existe déjà. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Oui, vous me direz, au point où on en est… Tout de même, il faudra rapprocher les deux dispositions pour que le texte reste cohérent. Sagesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900303",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900303"
   ],
   "order": 525,
   "text": "Cet amendement de mon collègue Stéphane Viry vise à prolonger l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions (HSA), afin d’adapter ce dispositif en tenant compte des évaluations qui ont été menées, avant de décider de son éventuelle pérennisation.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "2632",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 525,
   "amendments": [
    "2632"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900303",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "Ne7e4307b075b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement de mon collègue [PERSONNE] vise à prolonger l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions (HSA), afin d’adapter ce dispositif en tenant compte des évaluations qui ont été menées, avant de décider de son éventuelle pérennisation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794270",
   "speaker": "Anna Pic",
   "quality": "Mme Anna Pic",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900305",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900305"
   ],
   "order": 527,
   "text": "Il vise à prolonger cette expérimentation des haltes soins addictions, en demandant l’évaluation de paramètres supplémentaires. Après neuf années d’expérimentation, les HSA ont fait leurs preuves : les quatre évaluations successives du dispositif – menées entre autres par l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) et par l’Igas – sont unanimes. Sur le plan sanitaire, les HSA préviennent jusqu’à 69 % des overdoses, réduisent les situations d’infections graves et évitent de nombreuses contaminations par le VIH et le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC). La première condition pour sortir de l’addiction, c’est de ne pas en mourir. C’est ce que permettent ces salles de consommation à moindre risque.Sur le plan social, elles accompagnent vers les soins des personnes très éloignées des parcours médico-sociaux. Cette politique de santé publique fonctionne et son expérimentation doit se poursuivre. Si nous ne faisons rien, les deux salles fermeront leurs portes le 31 décembre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "2634",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 527,
   "amendments": [
    "2634"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900305",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 168,
   "annotation_id": "N8be52487d379",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à prolonger cette expérimentation des haltes soins addictions, en demandant l’évaluation de paramètres supplémentaires. Après neuf années d’expérimentation, les HSA ont fait leurs preuves : les quatre évaluations successives du dispositif – menées entre autres par l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) et par l’Igas – sont unanimes. Sur le plan sanitaire, les HSA préviennent jusqu’à 69 % des overdoses, réduisent les situations d’infections graves et évitent de nombreuses contaminations par le VIH et le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC). La première condition pour sortir de l’addiction, c’est de ne pas en mourir. C’est ce que permettent ces salles de consommation à moindre risque.Sur le plan social, elles accompagnent vers les soins des personnes très éloignées des parcours médico-sociaux. Cette politique de santé publique fonctionne et son expérimentation doit se poursuivre. Si nous ne faisons rien, les deux salles fermeront leurs portes le 31 décembre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900308",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900308"
   ],
   "order": 530,
   "text": "Le gouvernement a déposé un amendement pour couvrir la charge qui résultera de la prolongation de deux ans de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions. Nous n’avons pu débattre de ce dispositif en commission mais, grâce à l’amendement du gouvernement, nous pouvons le faire en séance.Nous attendions le rapport gouvernemental prévu, dans les termes suivants, par l’article 43 de la loi de modernisation de notre système de santé de 2016 ayant permis cette expérimentation : « Dans un délai de six mois avant le terme de l’expérimentation, le gouvernement adresse au Parlement un rapport d’évaluation de l’expérimentation, portant notamment sur son impact sur la santé publique et sur la réduction des nuisances dans l’espace public. »Neuf ans plus tard, nous ne disposons toujours pas de ce rapport.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 530,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3900308",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "Nef768f261e0f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le gouvernement a déposé un amendement pour couvrir la charge qui résultera de la prolongation de deux ans de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions. Nous n’avons pu débattre de ce dispositif en commission mais, grâce à l’amendement du gouvernement, nous pouvons le faire en séance.Nous attendions le rapport gouvernemental prévu, dans les termes suivants, par l’article 43 de la loi de modernisation de notre système de santé de 2016 ayant permis cette expérimentation : « Dans un délai de six mois avant le terme de l’expérimentation, le gouvernement adresse au Parlement un rapport d’évaluation de l’expérimentation, portant notamment sur son impact sur la santé publique et sur la réduction des nuisances dans l’espace public. »Neuf ans plus tard, nous ne disposons toujours pas de ce rapport."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901213",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901213"
   ],
   "order": 545,
   "text": "…alors même qu’il s’agit des seuls objectifs valables de santé publique. Quand on lutte contre les addictions, on doit essayer de mettre fin à la consommation. À titre personnel, je suis opposé à la prolongation de cette expérimentation, étant précisé que la commission ne s’est pas prononcée à ce sujet.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 545,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901213",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N262858ce0a35",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…alors même qu’il s’agit des seuls objectifs valables de santé publique. Quand on lutte contre les addictions, on doit essayer de mettre fin à la consommation. À titre personnel, je suis opposé à la prolongation de cette expérimentation, étant précisé que la commission ne s’est pas prononcée à ce sujet."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901215",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901215"
   ],
   "order": 547,
   "text": "Je donne un avis favorable à ces amendements. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et quelques bancs du groupe EcoS. – Mme Ségolène Amiot et M. Yannick Monnet applaudissent également.) Le rapport gouvernemental, qui va vous être transmis, ainsi que de nombreuses autres évaluations vont en ce sens. Dans ce cas, pourquoi avons-nous renoncé à les pérenniser ? Parce que les évaluations ont mis en évidence des pistes d’amélioration – renforcer les relations entre acteurs, fluidifier les parcours de prise en charge, expérimenter de nouvelles formes d’organisation et renforcer la contribution des HSA à la veille sanitaire – qui poussent à poursuivre l’expérimentation pour deux ans.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 547,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901215",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N53d90d6b8789",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je donne un avis favorable à ces amendements. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.) Le rapport gouvernemental, qui va vous être transmis, ainsi que de nombreuses autres évaluations vont en ce sens. Dans ce cas, pourquoi avons-nous renoncé à les pérenniser ? Parce que les évaluations ont mis en évidence des pistes d’amélioration – renforcer les relations entre acteurs, fluidifier les parcours de prise en charge, expérimenter de nouvelles formes d’organisation et renforcer la contribution des HSA à la veille sanitaire – qui poussent à poursuivre l’expérimentation pour deux ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901219",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901219"
   ],
   "order": 550,
   "text": "Il est nécessaire de prolonger l’expérimentation des HSA. Si la France en compte peu, il y en a quatre-vingt-dix dans le monde qui ont toutes démontré leur efficacité pour la santé des personnes – matérialisée par la diminution du nombre d’overdoses – mais aussi pour la sécurité des riverains, avec une baisse de la délinquance. Il est donc important de poursuivre.Vous le savez, madame la ministre, il existe un projet de HSA à Marseille. Le sous-amendement que j’avais déposé pour le voir aboutir a été déclaré irrecevable. Je vous pose donc la question : êtes-vous favorable à l’ouverture, indispensable, de cette nouvelle HSA ? J’attends une réponse.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 550,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901219",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N3996dde87825",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est nécessaire de prolonger l’expérimentation des HSA. Si la France en compte peu, il y en a quatre-vingt-dix dans le monde qui ont toutes démontré leur efficacité pour la santé des personnes – matérialisée par la diminution du nombre d’overdoses – mais aussi pour la sécurité des riverains, avec une baisse de la délinquance. Il est donc important de poursuivre.Vous le savez, madame la ministre, il existe un projet de HSA à Marseille. Le sous-amendement que j’avais déposé pour le voir aboutir a été déclaré irrecevable. Je vous pose donc la question : êtes-vous favorable à l’ouverture, indispensable, de cette nouvelle HSA ? J’attends une réponse."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901222",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901222"
   ],
   "order": 553,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, vous qui êtes honnête intellectuellement, je vous suggère d’appliquer la règle suivante : quand on ne connaît pas un sujet, on s’abstient, on ne rend pas un avis !Pour accompagner les personnes en état d’addiction, il faut d’abord être en lien avec elles. Si vous fermez ces centres, ces gens disparaîtront, vous ne les verrez plus mais l’addiction continuera. Ne croyez pas que, pour se sevrer, il faille appliquer la méthode Orange mécanique ! Cela ne fonctionne pas ! (MM. Dominique Potier et Pierre Pribetich applaudissent) Il faut prendre le temps d’accompagner les gens, dans des espaces sécurisés. On ne décrète pas que quelqu’un va se sevrer. Ces lieux sont adaptés. Changez votre avis ou émettez des réserves ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 553,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901222",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 130,
   "annotation_id": "N87a88c87b94b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, vous qui êtes honnête intellectuellement, je vous suggère d’appliquer la règle suivante : quand on ne connaît pas un sujet, on s’abstient, on ne rend pas un avis !Pour accompagner les personnes en état d’addiction, il faut d’abord être en lien avec elles. Si vous fermez ces centres, ces gens disparaîtront, vous ne les verrez plus mais l’addiction continuera. Ne croyez pas que, pour se sevrer, il faille appliquer la méthode Orange mécanique ! Cela ne fonctionne pas ! (MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent) Il faut prendre le temps d’accompagner les gens, dans des espaces sécurisés. On ne décrète pas que quelqu’un va se sevrer. Ces lieux sont adaptés. Changez votre avis ou émettez des réserves ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841681",
   "speaker": "Thierry Sother",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Sother",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901225",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901225"
   ],
   "order": 556,
   "text": "Permettez-moi de vous éclairer – à la manière de ce que fait Mme la ministre depuis plusieurs jours – en m’appuyant sur l’évaluation des HSA figurant dans le rapport publié le 7 juillet dernier par la mission interministérielle de lutte contre les drogues et les conduites addictives. Les HSA y sont décrites comme « un outil supplémentaire dans l’offre médico-sociale particulièrement adapté aux publics consommateurs de drogues en situation de grande précarité et souvent en rupture avec les dispositifs traditionnels ».Je voulais aussi vous faire part de mon expérience d’élu. Il existe une HSA à Strasbourg : je peux témoigner de sa bonne insertion dans le territoire et de son acceptation par les riverains. À défaut de pouvoir pérenniser et étendre cette expérimentation, j’encourage mes collègues à la poursuivre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – M. Yannick Monnet applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 556,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901225",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 149,
   "annotation_id": "N29071001976b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi de vous éclairer – à la manière de ce que fait Mme la ministre depuis plusieurs jours – en m’appuyant sur l’évaluation des HSA figurant dans le rapport publié le 7 juillet dernier par la mission interministérielle de lutte contre les drogues et les conduites addictives. Les HSA y sont décrites comme « un outil supplémentaire dans l’offre médico-sociale particulièrement adapté aux publics consommateurs de drogues en situation de grande précarité et souvent en rupture avec les dispositifs traditionnels ».Je voulais aussi vous faire part de mon expérience d’élu. Il existe une HSA à Strasbourg : je peux témoigner de sa bonne insertion dans le territoire et de son acceptation par les riverains. À défaut de pouvoir pérenniser et étendre cette expérimentation, j’encourage mes collègues à la poursuivre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721960",
   "speaker": "Danièle Obono",
   "quality": "Mme Danièle Obono",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901227",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901227"
   ],
   "order": 558,
   "text": "Nous voterons ces amendements, mais nous aurions aimé que le gouvernement maintienne le sien puisqu’il en avait un : cela aurait été un geste politique fort ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Alors que, dans ces débats sur le PLFSS, nous divergeons sur un grand nombre de sujets, nous aurions pu nous accorder sur celui-ci.Pour notre part, nous sommes favorables à la pérennisation du dispositif. Contrairement à ce que dit Mme la ministre, l’existence de pistes d’amélioration milite en ce sens : mettons-en place ces mesures ! Élue à Paris, j’ai, comme d’autres collègues, visité la HSA, pendant mon premier mandat puis, plus récemment, à la demande des responsables du centre, inquiets de sa possible disparition. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)J’invite M. le rapporteur, qui ne semble pas maîtriser le sujet, à s’y rendre. Il lui serait pédagogiquement et politiquement utile de voir à quel point ce lieu – dont les usagers souhaitent le maintien – est important. Plus largement, j’invite l’ensemble de nos collègues à la visiter pour sortir des nombreux clichés sur ces sujets, y compris ceux qui concernent les réactions des habitants. La situation était bien pire en termes de sécurité près de la gare du Nord avant l’ouverture de la HSA. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 558,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901227",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 216,
   "annotation_id": "N9bbd23565f98",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voterons ces amendements, mais nous aurions aimé que le gouvernement maintienne le sien puisqu’il en avait un : cela aurait été un geste politique fort ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Alors que, dans ces débats sur le PLFSS, nous divergeons sur un grand nombre de sujets, nous aurions pu nous accorder sur celui-ci.Pour notre part, nous sommes favorables à la pérennisation du dispositif. Contrairement à ce que dit Mme la ministre, l’existence de pistes d’amélioration milite en ce sens : mettons-en place ces mesures ! Élue à Paris, j’ai, comme d’autres collègues, visité la HSA, pendant mon premier mandat puis, plus récemment, à la demande des responsables du centre, inquiets de sa possible disparition. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)J’invite M. le rapporteur, qui ne semble pas maîtriser le sujet, à s’y rendre. Il lui serait pédagogiquement et politiquement utile de voir à quel point ce lieu – dont les usagers souhaitent le maintien – est important. Plus largement, j’invite l’ensemble de nos collègues à la visiter pour sortir des nombreux clichés sur ces sujets, y compris ceux qui concernent les réactions des habitants. La situation était bien pire en termes de sécurité près de la gare du Nord avant l’ouverture de la HSA. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901232",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901232"
   ],
   "order": 564,
   "text": "Cette demande de rapport sur l’article de la LFSS pour 2022 ayant prolongé la durée de l’expérimentation des HSA jusqu’au 31 décembre 2025 me donne l’occasion de parler de ces centres. Je milite depuis vingt-cinq ans pour la réduction des risques. J’ai visité les HSA : il s’agit souvent de la première porte d’accès aux soins pour des personnes qui sont totalement déconnectées du soin, du médico-social et de la prévention. Même si elles ne parviennent pas à un sevrage immédiat, elles y entament un chemin permettant de réduire leur risque de contamination à tout un tas de maladies et un parcours de soins dans la confiance, pour accéder, un jour, au sevrage.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "2634",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 564,
   "amendments": [
    "2634"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901232",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 113,
   "annotation_id": "N2157acdbef98",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette demande de rapport sur l’article de la LFSS pour 2022 ayant prolongé la durée de l’expérimentation des HSA jusqu’au 31 décembre 2025 me donne l’occasion de parler de ces centres. Je milite depuis vingt-cinq ans pour la réduction des risques. J’ai visité les HSA : il s’agit souvent de la première porte d’accès aux soins pour des personnes qui sont totalement déconnectées du soin, du médico-social et de la prévention. Même si elles ne parviennent pas à un sevrage immédiat, elles y entament un chemin permettant de réduire leur risque de contamination à tout un tas de maladies et un parcours de soins dans la confiance, pour accéder, un jour, au sevrage."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901234",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901234"
   ],
   "order": 566,
   "text": "Mea culpa ! Je ne suis pas omniscient : j’irai visiter la HSA avec grand intérêt et je lirai le rapport gouvernemental. J’exprime des avis sur la base de convictions – nous en avons tous – et de mes lectures.Vous sollicitez un rapport sur la pérennisation du dispositif mais il semble que nous disposons déjà d’un rapport de l’Igas sur le sujet. Je demande à Mme la ministre de transmettre le rapport existant à la commission. Votre amendement sera alors satisfait. Je demande son retrait.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 566,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901234",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N20b8dfbedf4a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mea culpa ! Je ne suis pas omniscient : j’irai visiter la HSA avec grand intérêt et je lirai le rapport gouvernemental. J’exprime des avis sur la base de convictions – nous en avons tous – et de mes lectures.Vous sollicitez un rapport sur la pérennisation du dispositif mais il semble que nous disposons déjà d’un rapport de l’Igas sur le sujet. Je demande à Mme la ministre de transmettre le rapport existant à la commission. Votre amendement sera alors satisfait. Je demande son retrait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29882",
   "title": "Troisième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8d01055233516e260e77a2eb967a1156eafc9c7d8302ea3eb699442cbfb680f4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794778",
   "speaker": "Sandra Regol",
   "quality": "Mme Sandra Regol",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901239",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3901239"
   ],
   "order": 571,
   "text": "Nous pouvons nous féliciter que nos amendements sur la prolongation de l’expérimentation des HSA aient été votés. C’est un petit pas pour nous mais un grand pas pour ces salles. Comme le rappelait mon collègue strasbourgeois, chez nous, les HSA apportent beaucoup.À l’intention de M. le rapporteur qui doute : il s’agit d’un travail de long terme qui permet d’abord de sauver des vies, puis d’apporter de la stabilité avant d’envisager le sevrage. Chaque ville et chaque région méritent de disposer d’une HSA. Cet amendement est une première étape ; il nous faut penser à pérenniser et à généraliser ces expériences pour lutter contre les addictions et le trafic de drogue. Investissons dans des lieux qui empêchent les trafiquants d’exercer leur emprise sur les corps, les vies, les personnes ! (M. Dominique Potier applaudit.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20",
   "article_id": "3899887",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 571,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N042-3901239",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 134,
   "annotation_id": "N257a95216006",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous pouvons nous féliciter que nos amendements sur la prolongation de l’expérimentation des HSA aient été votés. C’est un petit pas pour nous mais un grand pas pour ces salles. Comme le rappelait mon collègue strasbourgeois, chez nous, les HSA apportent beaucoup.À l’intention de M. le rapporteur qui doute : il s’agit d’un travail de long terme qui permet d’abord de sauver des vies, puis d’apporter de la stabilité avant d’envisager le sevrage. Chaque ville et chaque région méritent de disposer d’une HSA. Cet amendement est une première étape ; il nous faut penser à pérenniser et à généraliser ces expériences pour lutter contre les addictions et le trafic de drogue. Investissons dans des lieux qui empêchent les trafiquants d’exercer leur emprise sur les corps, les vies, les personnes ! (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fcfd24523f3345697ab951bc4299dfe6923c8c1e81f8129b4183c21c4b8020de",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618048",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618048"
   ],
   "order": 333,
   "text": "Enfin, nous y voilà ! L’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques jetables, dites puffs, va devenir une réalité en France. Tel est l’objet de la proposition de loi que je vous invite à adopter définitivement aujourd’hui. Enfin, car ces produits ont envahi le marché français, en particulier nos écoles et nos collèges, alors que leurs dangers sont multiples, d’abord sanitaires : ces dispositifs contiennent le plus souvent de la nicotine, substance aux effets psychotropes et hautement addictifs. Ils constituent aussi un danger pour notre jeunesse : l’Académie nationale de médecine qualifie les puffs de « piège sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents », piège dissimulé par leur goût acidulé, leur packaging coloré et leur promotion ludique sur les réseaux sociaux. Enfin, les puffs représentent un danger environnemental car elles sont composées de plastique et de piles au lithium. Au Royaume-Uni, plus de 1,3 million de puffs sont jetées chaque semaine. Ces produits constituent donc un triple fléau : sanitaire, social et environnemental.J’ai mené le combat en faveur de leur interdiction avec Francesca Pasquini, ancienne députée écologiste, que je tiens à remercier pour son engagement et son travail. Ce texte est un exemple de dépassement politique au service de la santé de notre jeunesse et j’en suis fier. Je remercie les présidents de nos deux groupes parlementaires qui ont travaillé en bonne intelligence.La procédure a été longue et sinueuse. Après une adoption à l’unanimité à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, puis une première commission mixte paritaire (CMP) conclusive en mars 2024, il nous a fallu observer un délai de six mois pour que la Commission européenne valide cette interdiction, conformément aux directives de 2014 sur les produits du tabac et produits connexes, et de 2015 sur la réglementation de la commercialisation. La Commission européenne a approuvé notre texte en y intégrant des limites : l’interdiction ne s’applique ni aux puffs fabriquées en France et destinées aux marchés étrangers, ni aux cigarettes électroniques rechargeables avec une batterie non remplaçable, non commercialisées en France aujourd’hui.Nous avons tiré les conséquences de cette décision lors d’une seconde CMP, qui s’est tenue le 23 janvier dernier au Sénat et qui fut également l’occasion d’adopter une mesure de coordination relative aux compétences des agents de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes. Je remercie à ce titre le sénateur et rapporteur Khalifé Khalifé, ainsi que tous nos collègues du Parlement qui ont permis d’aboutir à un texte conclusif.Il était temps d’aboutir, car les stratégies commerciales des industries du tabac sont bien moins lentes à se développer que le temps législatif. Pendant que nous légiférions, de nouveaux produits ont émergé. Je pense notamment aux sachets de nicotine – je vous remercie, monsieur le ministre chargé de la santé et de l’accès aux soins, d’avoir annoncé leur interdiction prochaine à la suite de notre interpellation. Notre approche transpartisane doit se poursuivre avec de nouvelles mesures fortes pour protéger la santé de nos jeunes. Je pense, par exemple, à la nécessité de prévoir une autorisation préalable à toute mise sur le marché de produits nicotiniques, à la généralisation du paquet neutre à tous les produits du tabac et du vapotage, ou encore au renforcement des contrôles sur la vente aux mineurs.Toutes ces mesures, dont certaines sont inscrites dans le programme national de lutte contre le tabac 2023-2027 – présenté par notre ancien ministre et désormais collègue Aurélien Rousseau –, doivent être débattues et appliquées. Elles répondent à notre engagement collectif de créer une génération sans tabac d’ici à 2032. Ainsi, en cette Journée mondiale contre le cancer – cause qui me tient particulièrement à cœur –, je vous invite à envoyer un signal fort à l’industrie du tabac et à conclure ce beau travail transpartisan : votons, à l’unanimité, pour l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR, SOC, Dem, HOR et LIOT.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 333,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "analysis_text": "Enfin, nous y voilà ! L’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques jetables, dites puffs, va devenir une réalité en France. Tel est l’objet de la proposition de loi que je vous invite à adopter définitivement aujourd’hui. Enfin, car ces produits ont envahi le marché français, en particulier nos écoles et nos collèges, alors que leurs dangers sont multiples, d’abord sanitaires : ces dispositifs contiennent le plus souvent de la nicotine, substance aux effets psychotropes et hautement addictifs. Ils constituent aussi un danger pour notre jeunesse : l’Académie nationale de médecine qualifie les puffs de « piège sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents », piège dissimulé par leur goût acidulé, leur packaging coloré et leur promotion ludique sur les réseaux sociaux. Enfin, les puffs représentent un danger environnemental car elles sont composées de plastique et de piles au lithium. Au Royaume-Uni, plus de 1,3 million de puffs sont jetées chaque semaine. Ces produits constituent donc un triple fléau : sanitaire, social et environnemental.J’ai mené le combat en faveur de leur interdiction avec [PERSONNE], ancienne députée [GROUPE], que je tiens à remercier pour son engagement et son travail. Ce texte est un exemple de dépassement politique au service de la santé de notre jeunesse et j’en suis fier. Je remercie les présidents de nos deux groupes parlementaires qui ont travaillé en bonne intelligence.La procédure a été longue et sinueuse. Après une adoption à l’unanimité à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, puis une première commission mixte paritaire (CMP) conclusive en mars 2024, il nous a fallu observer un délai de six mois pour que la Commission européenne valide cette interdiction, conformément aux directives de 2014 sur les produits du tabac et produits connexes, et de 2015 sur la réglementation de la commercialisation. La Commission européenne a approuvé notre texte en y intégrant des limites : l’interdiction ne s’applique ni aux puffs fabriquées en France et destinées aux marchés étrangers, ni aux cigarettes électroniques rechargeables avec une batterie non remplaçable, non commercialisées en France aujourd’hui.Nous avons tiré les conséquences de cette décision lors d’une seconde CMP, qui s’est tenue le 23 janvier dernier au Sénat et qui fut également l’occasion d’adopter une mesure de coordination relative aux compétences des agents de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes. Je remercie à ce titre le sénateur et rapporteur [PERSONNE], ainsi que tous nos collègues du Parlement qui ont permis d’aboutir à un texte conclusif.Il était temps d’aboutir, car les stratégies commerciales des industries du tabac sont bien moins lentes à se développer que le temps législatif. Pendant que nous légiférions, de nouveaux produits ont émergé. Je pense notamment aux sachets de nicotine – je vous remercie, monsieur le ministre chargé de la santé et de l’accès aux soins, d’avoir annoncé leur interdiction prochaine à la suite de notre interpellation. Notre approche transpartisane doit se poursuivre avec de nouvelles mesures fortes pour protéger la santé de nos jeunes. Je pense, par exemple, à la nécessité de prévoir une autorisation préalable à toute mise sur le marché de produits nicotiniques, à la généralisation du paquet neutre à tous les produits du tabac et du vapotage, ou encore au renforcement des contrôles sur la vente aux mineurs.Toutes ces mesures, dont certaines sont inscrites dans le programme national de lutte contre le tabac 2023-2027 – présenté par notre ancien ministre et désormais collègue [PERSONNE] –, doivent être débattues et appliquées. Elles répondent à notre engagement collectif de créer une génération sans tabac d’ici à 2032. Ainsi, en cette Journée mondiale contre le cancer – cause qui me tient particulièrement à cœur –, je vous invite à envoyer un signal fort à l’industrie du tabac et à conclure ce beau travail transpartisan : votons, à l’unanimité, pour l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Dem, HOR et LIOT.)"
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   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
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   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
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   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
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   "text": "Je suis très heureux de vous retrouver aujourd’hui pour la lecture des conclusions de la commission mixte paritaire, qui marque la dernière étape de la navette de ce texte visant à interdire les cigarettes électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, plus connues sous le nom de puffs. L’aboutissement de cette proposition de loi fait honneur au travail parlementaire et révèle ce qu’il a de meilleur. Je commencerai donc par saluer l’esprit transpartisan qui nous a conduits jusqu’ici et qui a également prévalu au Sénat, permettant, en mars 2024, l’adoption unanime de ce texte cosigné par 166 députés appartenant à huit groupes parlementaires différents.Je salue bien évidemment Michel Lauzzana et notre ancienne collègue Francesca Pasquini – peut-être présente dans les tribunes –, tous deux à l’origine de la proposition de loi, mais je pense aussi à l’ensemble des députés qui se sont investis dans ce combat et que je ne pourrai pas tous citer – parmi bien d’autres, ce sont Stéphane Viry, Karl Olive, Paul Christophe et Arthur Delaporte. Je rends aussi hommage à mes prédécesseurs, François Braun, Aurélien Rousseau – à l’initiative du texte – et Geneviève Darrieussecq, qui ont toujours soutenu cette mesure. C’est bien la preuve que, lorsqu’il s’agit de légiférer sur des produits ou des comportements qui nuisent à notre jeunesse, à notre santé ou à notre environnement, nous savons nous retrouver au-delà des clivages politiques, pour avancer ensemble.Cette mobilisation collective n’a pas fléchi durant un processus législatif qui aura duré, en tout, plus de deux ans. C’est long, je le concède, mais il fallait notamment passer par l’étape de la notification à la Commission européenne et recueillir son feu vert pour assurer la sécurité juridique et l’applicabilité du texte. C’est chose faite depuis le 25 septembre dernier et nous voyons désormais le bout du chemin. La loi sera promulguée quelques semaines après son passage au Sénat, le 12 février prochain. Quand il y a de belles victoires, il faut s’en réjouir, et nous pouvons nous féliciter de cette mesure importante.Elle est importante, en premier lieu, car elle constitue une étape supplémentaire vers l’émergence d’une génération débarrassée du tabac, soit un objectif central du programme national de lutte contre le tabac promu par mon ministère. En cette Journée mondiale de lutte contre le cancer, j’ai eu le plaisir de coprésider ce matin le comité national de suivi de la stratégie décennale de lutte contre le cancer, avec mon collègue ministre chargé de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. Nous y avons réaffirmé l’engagement du gouvernement.Il s’agit bien de lutter contre les addictions et le tabagisme, et surtout de diminuer le chiffre terrible des 200 morts par jour causés par le tabac. Il y a encore assez peu de temps, ce combat ciblait exclusivement ou presque la cigarette. Des années de politiques publiques volontaristes ont porté leurs fruits, puisque l’usage du tabac est aujourd’hui en nette baisse chez les jeunes – le ministre chargé de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche souhaite d’ailleurs poursuivre la politique du campus sans tabac. C’est une tendance positive et réjouissante, mais les usages évoluent et les pratiques et les produits se sont multipliés, au premier rang desquels la puff.Bon marché, accessible et prête à consommer, elle cible les jeunes à grand renfort de marketing, notamment sur les réseaux sociaux. Elle attire l’œil avec ses emballages colorés et ses couleurs vives. Ses arômes sucrés aux connotations ludiques sont sans équivoque quant à la population cible. Dans le haut du classement des goûts de puff que l’on peut consulter sur internet, on trouve ice tea fresh, crème glacée fraise, cola, sans oublier les incontournables bubble-gum et barbapapa. Comme l’a rappelé l’Académie nationale de médecine, il s’agit là d’un « piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents ».Suivant une évolution contraire à celle de la cigarette, la puff a très vite gagné une popularité inquiétante jusque chez les très jeunes, malgré son interdiction aux mineurs. Chez les 13-16 ans, 15 % l’avaient déjà essayée en 2023, selon la deuxième édition de l’étude de l’Alliance contre le tabac (ACT) consacrée à ce sujet – un chiffre en augmentation, puisqu’ils n’étaient que 10 % l’année précédente. La puff n’est pourtant ni un moindre mal, ni un outil de sevrage. Son taux de nicotine pouvant s’élever jusqu’à 20 milligrammes par millilitre ouvre la voie à une forte dépendance. C’est d’ailleurs ce qu’a souligné le Haut Conseil de la santé publique (HCSP) dans un avis relatif aux cigarettes électroniques publié en 2021. Elle crée également une accoutumance au geste de fumer. La même étude de l’ACT pointe que parmi les adolescents l’ayant expérimentée, près de la moitié – 47 % – ont commencé leur initiation à la nicotine avec ce dispositif.Tous ces éléments contribuent à faire de la puff une passerelle facilitée vers le tabagisme. Certains pays nous ont précédés pour l’interdire. Je suis heureux que nous rejoignions désormais prochainement nos voisins belges. De l’autre côté du globe, la Nouvelle-Zélande a aussi franchi le pas et l’Allemagne, le Royaume-Uni ou encore l’Irlande s’acheminent vers sa proscription.Au-delà de l’aspect sanitaire, la cigarette électronique jetable est un véritable fléau environnemental, en parfaite contradiction avec l’esprit de la loi antigaspillage du 10 février 2020 et de toutes les initiatives pour en finir avec la surconsommation de matières premières et l’usage unique. Constituées de plastique, d’une batterie au lithium et de sels de nicotine contenant des traces métaux lourds, les puffs constituent un nouveau déchet extrêmement complexe, mal collecté et difficilement recyclable. Ses composants peuvent polluer les sols et les eaux jusqu’aux nappes phréatiques, et représentent aussi un risque pour la biodiversité. En bref, il s’agit de véritables petites bombes environnementales.C’est sur ce double fondement que les e-cigarettes à usage unique ont déjà été interdites dans un territoire de la République, la Nouvelle-Calédonie, depuis avril 2022, et c’est pour l’ensemble de ces raisons que le gouvernement a toujours soutenu et continue de soutenir avec conviction l’interdiction de ces produits. Je serai personnellement attentif à ce que cette interdiction soit scrupuleusement respectée et que la contrebande éventuelle soit sanctionnée.Je me réjouis de cette première étape importante qui doit nous enthousiasmer quant à notre capacité collective à progresser efficacement, sans pour autant diminuer notre vigilance. Les industriels et les fabricants redoublent d’inventivité et d’imagination pour proposer toujours plus de nouveaux produits, à un rythme soutenu : nous ne devons pas nous laisser doubler. En tant que ministre et en tant que médecin, je crois au principe de précaution face à cette valse de dispositifs novateurs, parce que je refuse de prendre le moindre risque, même potentiel, pour la santé de la population et de notre jeunesse.C’est pourquoi je veux continuer d’avancer avec vous, notamment au sujet des sachets de nicotine ou du protoxyde d’azote, dont votre assemblée a récemment voté l’interdiction de la vente aux particuliers. C’est à nous, gouvernement, et à vous, parlementaires, de garder une longueur d’avance. Je sais que je peux compter sur vous, avec l’appui essentiel des associations, véritables vigies, souvent les premières à nous alerter face à des phénomènes émergents. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR, SOC, DR, EcoS, Dem et HOR.)",
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   "analysis_text": "Je suis très heureux de vous retrouver aujourd’hui pour la lecture des conclusions de la commission mixte paritaire, qui marque la dernière étape de la navette de ce texte visant à interdire les cigarettes électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, plus connues sous le nom de puffs. L’aboutissement de cette proposition de loi fait honneur au travail parlementaire et révèle ce qu’il a de meilleur. Je commencerai donc par saluer l’esprit transpartisan qui nous a conduits jusqu’ici et qui a également prévalu au Sénat, permettant, en mars 2024, l’adoption unanime de ce texte cosigné par 166 députés appartenant à huit groupes parlementaires différents.Je salue bien évidemment [PERSONNE] et notre ancienne collègue [PERSONNE] – peut-être présente dans les tribunes –, tous deux à l’origine de la proposition de loi, mais je pense aussi à l’ensemble des députés qui se sont investis dans ce combat et que je ne pourrai pas tous citer – parmi bien d’autres, ce sont [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE]. Je rends aussi hommage à mes prédécesseurs, [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] – à l’initiative du texte – et [PERSONNE], qui ont toujours soutenu cette mesure. C’est bien la preuve que, lorsqu’il s’agit de légiférer sur des produits ou des comportements qui nuisent à notre jeunesse, à notre santé ou à notre environnement, nous savons nous retrouver au-delà des clivages politiques, pour avancer ensemble.Cette mobilisation collective n’a pas fléchi durant un processus législatif qui aura duré, en tout, plus de deux ans. C’est long, je le concède, mais il fallait notamment passer par l’étape de la notification à la Commission européenne et recueillir son feu vert pour assurer la sécurité juridique et l’applicabilité du texte. C’est chose faite depuis le 25 septembre dernier et nous voyons désormais le bout du chemin. La loi sera promulguée quelques semaines après son passage au Sénat, le 12 février prochain. Quand il y a de belles victoires, il faut s’en réjouir, et nous pouvons nous féliciter de cette mesure importante.Elle est importante, en premier lieu, car elle constitue une étape supplémentaire vers l’émergence d’une génération débarrassée du tabac, soit un objectif central du programme national de lutte contre le tabac promu par mon ministère. En cette Journée mondiale de lutte contre le cancer, j’ai eu le plaisir de coprésider ce matin le comité national de suivi de la stratégie décennale de lutte contre le cancer, avec mon collègue ministre chargé de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. Nous y avons réaffirmé l’engagement du gouvernement.Il s’agit bien de lutter contre les addictions et le tabagisme, et surtout de diminuer le chiffre terrible des 200 morts par jour causés par le tabac. Il y a encore assez peu de temps, ce combat ciblait exclusivement ou presque la cigarette. Des années de politiques publiques volontaristes ont porté leurs fruits, puisque l’usage du tabac est aujourd’hui en nette baisse chez les jeunes – le ministre chargé de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche souhaite d’ailleurs poursuivre la politique du campus sans tabac. C’est une tendance positive et réjouissante, mais les usages évoluent et les pratiques et les produits se sont multipliés, au premier rang desquels la puff.Bon marché, accessible et prête à consommer, elle cible les jeunes à grand renfort de marketing, notamment sur les réseaux sociaux. Elle attire l’œil avec ses emballages colorés et ses couleurs vives. Ses arômes sucrés aux connotations ludiques sont sans équivoque quant à la population cible. Dans le haut du classement des goûts de puff que l’on peut consulter sur internet, on trouve ice tea fresh, crème glacée fraise, cola, sans oublier les incontournables bubble-gum et barbapapa. Comme l’a rappelé l’Académie nationale de médecine, il s’agit là d’un « piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents ».Suivant une évolution contraire à celle de la cigarette, la puff a très vite gagné une popularité inquiétante jusque chez les très jeunes, malgré son interdiction aux mineurs. Chez les 13-16 ans, 15 % l’avaient déjà essayée en 2023, selon la deuxième édition de l’étude de l’Alliance contre le tabac (ACT) consacrée à ce sujet – un chiffre en augmentation, puisqu’ils n’étaient que 10 % l’année précédente. La puff n’est pourtant ni un moindre mal, ni un outil de sevrage. Son taux de nicotine pouvant s’élever jusqu’à 20 milligrammes par millilitre ouvre la voie à une forte dépendance. C’est d’ailleurs ce qu’a souligné le Haut Conseil de la santé publique (HCSP) dans un avis relatif aux cigarettes électroniques publié en 2021. Elle crée également une accoutumance au geste de fumer. La même étude de l’ACT pointe que parmi les adolescents l’ayant expérimentée, près de la moitié – 47 % – ont commencé leur initiation à la nicotine avec ce dispositif.Tous ces éléments contribuent à faire de la puff une passerelle facilitée vers le tabagisme. Certains pays nous ont précédés pour l’interdire. Je suis heureux que nous rejoignions désormais prochainement nos voisins belges. De l’autre côté du globe, la Nouvelle-Zélande a aussi franchi le pas et l’Allemagne, le Royaume-Uni ou encore l’Irlande s’acheminent vers sa proscription.Au-delà de l’aspect sanitaire, la cigarette électronique jetable est un véritable fléau environnemental, en parfaite contradiction avec l’esprit de la loi antigaspillage du 10 février 2020 et de toutes les initiatives pour en finir avec la surconsommation de matières premières et l’usage unique. Constituées de plastique, d’une batterie au lithium et de sels de nicotine contenant des traces métaux lourds, les puffs constituent un nouveau déchet extrêmement complexe, mal collecté et difficilement recyclable. Ses composants peuvent polluer les sols et les eaux jusqu’aux nappes phréatiques, et représentent aussi un risque pour la biodiversité. En bref, il s’agit de véritables petites bombes environnementales.C’est sur ce double fondement que les e-cigarettes à usage unique ont déjà été interdites dans un territoire de la République, la Nouvelle-Calédonie, depuis avril 2022, et c’est pour l’ensemble de ces raisons que le gouvernement a toujours soutenu et continue de soutenir avec conviction l’interdiction de ces produits. Je serai personnellement attentif à ce que cette interdiction soit scrupuleusement respectée et que la contrebande éventuelle soit sanctionnée.Je me réjouis de cette première étape importante qui doit nous enthousiasmer quant à notre capacité collective à progresser efficacement, sans pour autant diminuer notre vigilance. Les industriels et les fabricants redoublent d’inventivité et d’imagination pour proposer toujours plus de nouveaux produits, à un rythme soutenu : nous ne devons pas nous laisser doubler. En tant que ministre et en tant que médecin, je crois au principe de précaution face à cette valse de dispositifs novateurs, parce que je refuse de prendre le moindre risque, même potentiel, pour la santé de la population et de notre jeunesse.C’est pourquoi je veux continuer d’avancer avec vous, notamment au sujet des sachets de nicotine ou du protoxyde d’azote, dont votre assemblée a récemment voté l’interdiction de la vente aux particuliers. C’est à nous, gouvernement, et à vous, parlementaires, de garder une longueur d’avance. Je sais que je peux compter sur vous, avec l’appui essentiel des associations, véritables vigies, souvent les premières à nous alerter face à des phénomènes émergents. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR, [GROUPE], Dem et HOR.)"
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   "analysis_text": "En 1945, nos prédécesseurs ont fait une promesse à nos concitoyens : « Quels que soient vos comportements de santé, nous vous soignerons. » Cet engagement a fondé notre système de protection sociale. Aujourd’hui, notre responsabilité ne se limite plus au soin. Notre devoir est également de permettre à chacun, notamment aux jeunes, de vivre longtemps en bonne santé. Cela implique de donner à nos concitoyens les clés pour adopter des comportements favorables à la santé afin de prévenir les maladies évitables."
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   "text": "C’est dans cette logique que nous avons progressivement renforcé la prévention en matière de santé, s’agissant notamment des produits sources d’addiction : durcissement de la taxe soda afin que les industriels sucrent moins leurs produits ; vote récent de l’interdiction de la vente des capsules de protoxyde d’azote aux particuliers ; réglementation future pour les sachets de nicotine ; encadrement futur – je l’espère – de la publicité de l’alcool par les influenceurs. Petit à petit, nous avançons.Il nous faut désormais donner à nos concitoyens une vision d’ensemble et privilégier une approche globale en matière de prévention – éducation, santé, urbanisme, alimentation, sport – pour créer des environnements favorables à la santé. Aujourd’hui, nous renforçons cette dynamique en interdisant les cigarettes électroniques à usage unique, ces fameuses puffs que l’on retrouve partout, en particulier dans les mains des adolescents. C’est un pas dans la bonne direction. Certains prétendent que ces dispositifs favoriseraient le sevrage tabagique et qu’ils seraient un moyen de réduire la consommation de cigarettes classiques, aux côtés des alternatives rechargeables. Cet argument est largement relayé par l’industrie du tabac. Mais la réalité est tout autre.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 356,
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   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 187,
   "annotation_id": "N9724f8fbcaa2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est dans cette logique que nous avons progressivement renforcé la prévention en matière de santé, s’agissant notamment des produits sources d’addiction : durcissement de la taxe soda afin que les industriels sucrent moins leurs produits ; vote récent de l’interdiction de la vente des capsules de protoxyde d’azote aux particuliers ; réglementation future pour les sachets de nicotine ; encadrement futur – je l’espère – de la publicité de l’alcool par les influenceurs. Petit à petit, nous avançons.Il nous faut désormais donner à nos concitoyens une vision d’ensemble et privilégier une approche globale en matière de prévention – éducation, santé, urbanisme, alimentation, sport – pour créer des environnements favorables à la santé. Aujourd’hui, nous renforçons cette dynamique en interdisant les cigarettes électroniques à usage unique, ces fameuses puffs que l’on retrouve partout, en particulier dans les mains des adolescents. C’est un pas dans la bonne direction. Certains prétendent que ces dispositifs favoriseraient le sevrage tabagique et qu’ils seraient un moyen de réduire la consommation de cigarettes classiques, aux côtés des alternatives rechargeables. Cet argument est largement relayé par l’industrie du tabac. Mais la réalité est tout autre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618075",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 359,
   "text": "Loin d’aider les fumeurs à arrêter, les puffs créent une nouvelle génération d’addicts à la nicotine. Il suffit d’observer ce qui se passe dans les lycées et collèges : 15 % des adolescents ont déjà utilisé une puff, et parmi eux, 47 % ont été initiés à la nicotine par ces cigarettes électroniques jetables. On ne parle plus de sevrage, mais d’initiation ! Que dire de la puff 9k, qui contient l’équivalent de dix-huit paquets de cigarettes ? C’est une porte d’entrée vers la dépendance, dès le plus jeune âge. Le succès de ce produit ne doit rien au hasard. Tout est conçu pour séduire les jeunes : un marketing agressif, des packagings colorés et des arômes sucrés.Nous ne le répéterons jamais assez, un cancer sur trois est lié au tabagisme. Derrière ces chiffres, il y a des vies, des familles touchées.Au-delà de l’enjeu sanitaire, il y a la question écologique. Ces produits, à usage unique et non biodégradables, contiennent des substances toxiques pour la santé et pour l’environnement. Les batteries au lithium et les conducteurs en cuivre devraient passer par une filière de traitement spécifique, mais, faute de collecte adaptée, finissent bien souvent dans la nature ou dans les déchets ménagers.C’est pourquoi cette proposition de loi est nécessaire. Je tiens à saluer le travail transpartisan qui a permis d’aboutir à ce texte. Dans cette période politique souvent marquée par les divisions, lorsque l’intérêt général est en jeu, nous savons nous rassembler.Néanmoins, combien de fois notre assemblée se réunira-t-elle pour interdire le dernier produit à la mode mis sur le marché ? Après les puffs, quel sera le prochain produit destiné à attirer les jeunes vers l’addiction ? Il est grand temps que nous changions de logique. Au lieu de courir derrière les nouveaux produits nocifs, il faut poser enfin un cadre solide, fondé sur un système d’autorisation stricte dans lequel seuls les produits ayant prouvé leur utilité seraient mis sur le marché. C’est cette réflexion que nous devons mener, car l’interdiction des puffs, même s’il s’agit d’une victoire, ne suffira pas.Le groupe Les Démocrates votera résolument pour cette interdiction, mais appelle à un véritable changement de paradigme. Il est temps de reprendre la main sur la régulation des produits du tabac et de la nicotine. Plutôt que de réagir à chaque nouveau produit, il est temps d’instaurer un cadre durable pour protéger nos concitoyens, surtout les plus jeunes. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 359,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618075",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 406,
   "annotation_id": "N0971e78eb2b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPQSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Loin d’aider les fumeurs à arrêter, les puffs créent une nouvelle génération d’addicts à la nicotine. Il suffit d’observer ce qui se passe dans les lycées et collèges : 15 % des adolescents ont déjà utilisé une puff, et parmi eux, 47 % ont été initiés à la nicotine par ces cigarettes électroniques jetables. On ne parle plus de sevrage, mais d’initiation ! Que dire de la puff 9k, qui contient l’équivalent de dix-huit paquets de cigarettes ? C’est une porte d’entrée vers la dépendance, dès le plus jeune âge. Le succès de ce produit ne doit rien au hasard. Tout est conçu pour séduire les jeunes : un marketing agressif, des packagings colorés et des arômes sucrés.Nous ne le répéterons jamais assez, un cancer sur trois est lié au tabagisme. Derrière ces chiffres, il y a des vies, des familles touchées.Au-delà de l’enjeu sanitaire, il y a la question écologique. Ces produits, à usage unique et non biodégradables, contiennent des substances toxiques pour la santé et pour l’environnement. Les batteries au lithium et les conducteurs en cuivre devraient passer par une filière de traitement spécifique, mais, faute de collecte adaptée, finissent bien souvent dans la nature ou dans les déchets ménagers.C’est pourquoi cette proposition de loi est nécessaire. Je tiens à saluer le travail transpartisan qui a permis d’aboutir à ce texte. Dans cette période politique souvent marquée par les divisions, lorsque l’intérêt général est en jeu, nous savons nous rassembler.Néanmoins, combien de fois notre assemblée se réunira-t-elle pour interdire le dernier produit à la mode mis sur le marché ? Après les puffs, quel sera le prochain produit destiné à attirer les jeunes vers l’addiction ? Il est grand temps que nous changions de logique. Au lieu de courir derrière les nouveaux produits nocifs, il faut poser enfin un cadre solide, fondé sur un système d’autorisation stricte dans lequel seuls les produits ayant prouvé leur utilité seraient mis sur le marché. C’est cette réflexion que nous devons mener, car l’interdiction des puffs, même s’il s’agit d’une victoire, ne suffira pas.Le groupe [GROUPE] votera résolument pour cette interdiction, mais appelle à un véritable changement de paradigme. Il est temps de reprendre la main sur la régulation des produits du tabac et de la nicotine. Plutôt que de réagir à chaque nouveau produit, il est temps d’instaurer un cadre durable pour protéger nos concitoyens, surtout les plus jeunes. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794234",
   "speaker": "François Gernigon",
   "quality": "M. François Gernigon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618083",
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   "order": 367,
   "text": "Nous examinons un texte attendu, un texte de santé publique et de responsabilité environnementale. Cette proposition de loi vise à interdire les dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique, plus connus sous le nom de puffs. Leur interdiction est justifiée par la nécessité sanitaire, l’exigence écologique et notre responsabilité vis-à-vis de la jeunesse.Nous ne parlons pas ici de la cigarette électronique dans son ensemble, mais bien de ces dispositifs à usage unique, spécifiquement conçus pour attirer les plus jeunes. Leur marketing est explicite : arômes sucrés, couleurs vives, présence massive sur les réseaux sociaux. Ce n’est pas un hasard si, en 2022, 13 % des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà essayé ces puffs et si, dans près d’un tiers des cas, il s’agissait de leur première exposition à la nicotine. Sachant que la dépendance à la nicotine s’installe rapidement et qu’elle est particulièrement forte chez les plus jeunes, nous ne pouvons pas ignorer ce phénomène.Sur le plan environnemental, ces dispositifs représentent également une aberration. Chaque année, nous adoptons des mesures pour réduire la production de déchets et mieux gérer nos ressources. Pourtant, ces cigarettes électroniques sont conçues pour être jetées après usage, alors même qu’elles contiennent une batterie au lithium, qui, par nature, devrait être rechargeable. Des millions de ces produits finissent ainsi dans la nature, générant une pollution supplémentaire que nous devons limiter.Cette interdiction aurait dû être mise en œuvre plus tôt : son examen a été retardé par la dissolution puis par la censure du gouvernement Barnier. Pendant ce temps, la consommation s’est poursuivie et les impacts sur la jeunesse et sur l’environnement se sont amplifiés. D’autres pays ont déjà pris des mesures en ce sens ; la France ne peut rester en retrait. Nous devons répondre à l’inquiétude des parents, aux alertes des professionnels de santé et aux signalements des personnels éducatifs, qui constatent la banalisation de ces produits. L’interdiction des puffs ne réglera pas à elle seule le problème du tabagisme et de l’addiction à la nicotine, mais c’est une étape nécessaire. C’est pourquoi le groupe Horizons & indépendants votera en faveur de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 367,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618083",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 367,
   "annotation_id": "Nfb6cdd76f205",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPQSV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous examinons un texte attendu, un texte de santé publique et de responsabilité environnementale. Cette proposition de loi vise à interdire les dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique, plus connus sous le nom de puffs. Leur interdiction est justifiée par la nécessité sanitaire, l’exigence écologique et notre responsabilité vis-à-vis de la jeunesse.Nous ne parlons pas ici de la cigarette électronique dans son ensemble, mais bien de ces dispositifs à usage unique, spécifiquement conçus pour attirer les plus jeunes. Leur marketing est explicite : arômes sucrés, couleurs vives, présence massive sur les réseaux sociaux. Ce n’est pas un hasard si, en 2022, 13 % des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà essayé ces puffs et si, dans près d’un tiers des cas, il s’agissait de leur première exposition à la nicotine. Sachant que la dépendance à la nicotine s’installe rapidement et qu’elle est particulièrement forte chez les plus jeunes, nous ne pouvons pas ignorer ce phénomène.Sur le plan environnemental, ces dispositifs représentent également une aberration. Chaque année, nous adoptons des mesures pour réduire la production de déchets et mieux gérer nos ressources. Pourtant, ces cigarettes électroniques sont conçues pour être jetées après usage, alors même qu’elles contiennent une batterie au lithium, qui, par nature, devrait être rechargeable. Des millions de ces produits finissent ainsi dans la nature, générant une pollution supplémentaire que nous devons limiter.Cette interdiction aurait dû être mise en œuvre plus tôt : son examen a été retardé par la dissolution puis par la censure du gouvernement Barnier. Pendant ce temps, la consommation s’est poursuivie et les impacts sur la jeunesse et sur l’environnement se sont amplifiés. D’autres pays ont déjà pris des mesures en ce sens ; la France ne peut rester en retrait. Nous devons répondre à l’inquiétude des parents, aux alertes des professionnels de santé et aux signalements des personnels éducatifs, qui constatent la banalisation de ces produits. L’interdiction des puffs ne réglera pas à elle seule le problème du tabagisme et de l’addiction à la nicotine, mais c’est une étape nécessaire. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721474",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Viry",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Viry",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618088",
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   "order": 372,
   "text": "Nous sommes appelés à nous prononcer sur les conclusions de la commission mixte paritaire au sujet d’une proposition de loi essentielle à la protection de la santé publique et de l’environnement : l’interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, communément appelés puffs. Cette mesure vise un double objectif, sanitaire et écologique, et s’inscrit pleinement dans nos engagements en matière de lutte contre le tabagisme.Soyons clairs, ces gadgets n’ont rien d’inoffensif. Ils ne sont ni un outil de sevrage tabagique ni une alternative crédible à la cigarette. Ce sont des pièges à addiction, des bonbons à la nicotine destinés à séduire les jeunes. Les chiffres sont édifiants : en 2022, 13 % des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà consommé de tels produits et dans 28 % des cas, il s’agissait de leur première exposition à la nicotine. Le marketing agressif, les saveurs sucrées et l’apparente innocuité de ces produits en font une porte d’entrée dangereuse vers la dépendance. L’industrie du tabac a changé de visage, mais son objectif reste le même : créer une nouvelle génération de dépendants. Il est de notre responsabilité d’employer notre pouvoir de législateur pour mettre un terme à ce projet.L’impact environnemental de ces dispositifs est tout aussi préoccupant. Produits jetables par essence, ils génèrent des déchets plastiques et électroniques non recyclables, contenant du lithium et d’autres substances polluantes. Chaque puff abandonnée est une source de pollution supplémentaire, à rebours de nos engagements en matière de protection de la biodiversité et de réduction des déchets toxiques.Le parcours du texte a débuté à l’Assemblée nationale en 2023 ; il avait alors été adopté. Nous arrivons désormais au terme de la navette parlementaire, qui a permis d’enrichir le texte et d’anticiper l’évolution rapide du marché du vapotage. Toutefois, nous devons dire franchement les choses : l’Europe nous freine. La décision de la Commission européenne de limiter l’interdiction au seul marché français est un non-sens. Nous ne devons pas nous laisser dicter notre politique de santé publique par l’Union européenne. Cette contrainte doit nous inciter à poursuivre notre engagement au niveau européen, notamment dans le cadre de la révision, ouverte en février 2023, de la directive de 2014 sur les produits du tabac.L’adoption de ce nouveau texte complétera l’arsenal législatif visant à protéger les jeunes des addictions. La proposition de loi procède du même esprit que celle, votée la semaine dernière, visant à restreindre la vente de protoxyde d’azote aux professionnels et à renforcer les actions de prévention des consommations détournées. Face à la multiplication des addictions auxquelles notre jeunesse est confrontée, nous devons nous montrer à la hauteur en renforçant notre arsenal législatif.Par ailleurs, nous avons entendu les préoccupations des buralistes et tenons à les rassurer : cette interdiction ne vise pas à les fragiliser. Au contraire, il s’agit de préserver un commerce responsable et de lutter contre des pratiques qui échappent aux contrôles et aux réglementations strictes en matière de distribution de nicotine.Adopter cette proposition de loi, c’est choisir la santé contre le cynisme industriel, la protection de notre jeunesse contre l’inaction, l’écologie contre le laisser-faire. C’est pourquoi le groupe Libertés, indépendants, outre-mer et territoires votera sans hésitation le texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et SOC.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 372,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618088",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 543,
   "annotation_id": "N420384865a3f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes appelés à nous prononcer sur les conclusions de la commission mixte paritaire au sujet d’une proposition de loi essentielle à la protection de la santé publique et de l’environnement : l’interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, communément appelés puffs. Cette mesure vise un double objectif, sanitaire et écologique, et s’inscrit pleinement dans nos engagements en matière de lutte contre le tabagisme.Soyons clairs, ces gadgets n’ont rien d’inoffensif. Ils ne sont ni un outil de sevrage tabagique ni une alternative crédible à la cigarette. Ce sont des pièges à addiction, des bonbons à la nicotine destinés à séduire les jeunes. Les chiffres sont édifiants : en 2022, 13 % des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà consommé de tels produits et dans 28 % des cas, il s’agissait de leur première exposition à la nicotine. Le marketing agressif, les saveurs sucrées et l’apparente innocuité de ces produits en font une porte d’entrée dangereuse vers la dépendance. L’industrie du tabac a changé de visage, mais son objectif reste le même : créer une nouvelle génération de dépendants. Il est de notre responsabilité d’employer notre pouvoir de législateur pour mettre un terme à ce projet.L’impact environnemental de ces dispositifs est tout aussi préoccupant. Produits jetables par essence, ils génèrent des déchets plastiques et électroniques non recyclables, contenant du lithium et d’autres substances polluantes. Chaque puff abandonnée est une source de pollution supplémentaire, à rebours de nos engagements en matière de protection de la biodiversité et de réduction des déchets toxiques.Le parcours du texte a débuté à l’Assemblée nationale en 2023 ; il avait alors été adopté. Nous arrivons désormais au terme de la navette parlementaire, qui a permis d’enrichir le texte et d’anticiper l’évolution rapide du marché du vapotage. Toutefois, nous devons dire franchement les choses : l’Europe nous freine. La décision de la Commission européenne de limiter l’interdiction au seul marché français est un non-sens. Nous ne devons pas nous laisser dicter notre politique de santé publique par l’Union européenne. Cette contrainte doit nous inciter à poursuivre notre engagement au niveau européen, notamment dans le cadre de la révision, ouverte en février 2023, de la directive de 2014 sur les produits du tabac.L’adoption de ce nouveau texte complétera l’arsenal législatif visant à protéger les jeunes des addictions. La proposition de loi procède du même esprit que celle, votée la semaine dernière, visant à restreindre la vente de protoxyde d’azote aux professionnels et à renforcer les actions de prévention des consommations détournées. Face à la multiplication des addictions auxquelles notre jeunesse est confrontée, nous devons nous montrer à la hauteur en renforçant notre arsenal législatif.Par ailleurs, nous avons entendu les préoccupations des buralistes et tenons à les rassurer : cette interdiction ne vise pas à les fragiliser. Au contraire, il s’agit de préserver un commerce responsable et de lutter contre des pratiques qui échappent aux contrôles et aux réglementations strictes en matière de distribution de nicotine.Adopter cette proposition de loi, c’est choisir la santé contre le cynisme industriel, la protection de notre jeunesse contre l’inaction, l’écologie contre le laisser-faire. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] votera sans hésitation le texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
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   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618096",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 380,
   "text": "Depuis leur apparition en France en 2021, les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, appelés couramment puffs, ont maintes fois suscité la réprobation de l’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives (OFDT), du Comité national contre le tabagisme (CNCT), de l’Alliance contre le tabac ou encore de l’Académie nationale de médecine. Une tribune signée par une vingtaine de médecins, tabacologues et militants écologistes, parue dans Le Monde le 30 avril 2023, dénonçait ainsi le « fléau environnemental et sanitaire » que représentent ces cigarettes électroniques à usage unique.Spécifiquement élaborées pour être attirantes pour les adolescents, avec un emballage attractif, des saveurs sucrées et fruitées et un prix relativement faible, disponibles chez les buralistes mais également en grande distribution et sur internet, les puffs ont rapidement séduit un public jeune et insuffisamment conscient de leurs effets de dépendance tant à la nicotine qu’à la gestuelle du fumeur. Il a ainsi été démontré que les puffs constituent une porte d’entrée vers le vapotage durable et le tabac.Du point de vue environnemental, la situation n’est pas meilleure : plastique, lithium, métaux lourds... Les composants non biodégradables et non recyclables des vapoteuses jetables ont un effet négatif certain sur l’environnement. Ils polluent particulièrement l’eau et les sols.Il est bon que les députés décident de réagir de manière appropriée aux alertes lancées par les différentes études en santé publique et en matière environnementale. C’est un signal fort après l’examen, la semaine dernière, de la proposition de loi visant à interdire l’usage détourné du protoxyde d’azote. Les députés communistes et ultramarins du groupe de la Gauche démocrate et républicaine voteront donc cette proposition de loi.Toutefois, l’interdiction que nous nous apprêtons à voter ne doit pas nous conduire à délaisser d’autres difficultés. Je pense au rôle des réseaux sociaux, qui contribuent très largement à la promotion de ce type de dispositifs auprès des jeunes. Je pense aussi à la place stratégique qu’occupent les cigarettes électroniques jetables pour les industriels du secteur du tabac ; ainsi, la société Philip Morris aspire à réaliser 50 % de son chiffre d’affaires de 2025 au moyen de produits sans fumée. Ces dispositifs sont non seulement un moyen de contrer la baisse des ventes de cigarettes traditionnelles dans de nombreux pays occidentaux, mais ils constituent aussi un levier de promotion pour le tabac lui-même. Ainsi, British American Tobacco aurait, selon une enquête du Guardian publiée en 2021, dépensé plus de 1 milliard d’euros pour promouvoir ses produits sans tabac sur les réseaux sociaux. Enfin, il est crucial de bâtir une politique de prévention des addictions et d’accompagnement des personnes concernées, qu’il s’agisse de l’addiction au tabac, aux jeux en ligne ou plus largement aux écrans.Si le législateur doit intervenir pour interdire des dispositifs dont le danger est avéré, il doit aussi agir pour mieux encadrer les logiques marchandes peu soucieuses de la santé publique et de l’environnement et pour améliorer la prévention et la réparation. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et SOC.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 380,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618096",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 494,
   "annotation_id": "N1d1412ff5842",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEIMPQSV",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis leur apparition en France en 2021, les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, appelés couramment puffs, ont maintes fois suscité la réprobation de l’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives (OFDT), du Comité national contre le tabagisme (CNCT), de l’Alliance contre le tabac ou encore de l’Académie nationale de médecine. Une tribune signée par une vingtaine de médecins, tabacologues et militants écologistes, parue dans Le Monde le 30 avril 2023, dénonçait ainsi le « fléau environnemental et sanitaire » que représentent ces cigarettes électroniques à usage unique.Spécifiquement élaborées pour être attirantes pour les adolescents, avec un emballage attractif, des saveurs sucrées et fruitées et un prix relativement faible, disponibles chez les buralistes mais également en grande distribution et sur internet, les puffs ont rapidement séduit un public jeune et insuffisamment conscient de leurs effets de dépendance tant à la nicotine qu’à la gestuelle du fumeur. Il a ainsi été démontré que les puffs constituent une porte d’entrée vers le vapotage durable et le tabac.Du point de vue environnemental, la situation n’est pas meilleure : plastique, lithium, métaux lourds... Les composants non biodégradables et non recyclables des vapoteuses jetables ont un effet négatif certain sur l’environnement. Ils polluent particulièrement l’eau et les sols.Il est bon que les députés décident de réagir de manière appropriée aux alertes lancées par les différentes études en santé publique et en matière environnementale. C’est un signal fort après l’examen, la semaine dernière, de la proposition de loi visant à interdire l’usage détourné du protoxyde d’azote. Les députés communistes et ultramarins du groupe de la [GROUPE] voteront donc cette proposition de loi.Toutefois, l’interdiction que nous nous apprêtons à voter ne doit pas nous conduire à délaisser d’autres difficultés. Je pense au rôle des réseaux sociaux, qui contribuent très largement à la promotion de ce type de dispositifs auprès des jeunes. Je pense aussi à la place stratégique qu’occupent les cigarettes électroniques jetables pour les industriels du secteur du tabac ; ainsi, la société Philip Morris aspire à réaliser 50 % de son chiffre d’affaires de 2025 au moyen de produits sans fumée. Ces dispositifs sont non seulement un moyen de contrer la baisse des ventes de cigarettes traditionnelles dans de nombreux pays occidentaux, mais ils constituent aussi un levier de promotion pour le tabac lui-même. Ainsi, British American Tobacco aurait, selon une enquête du Guardian publiée en 2021, dépensé plus de 1 milliard d’euros pour promouvoir ses produits sans tabac sur les réseaux sociaux. Enfin, il est crucial de bâtir une politique de prévention des addictions et d’accompagnement des personnes concernées, qu’il s’agisse de l’addiction au tabac, aux jeux en ligne ou plus largement aux écrans.Si le législateur doit intervenir pour interdire des dispositifs dont le danger est avéré, il doit aussi agir pour mieux encadrer les logiques marchandes peu soucieuses de la santé publique et de l’environnement et pour améliorer la prévention et la réparation. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840773",
   "speaker": "Olivier Fayssat",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618103",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618103"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "La mesure qui nous occupe relève du bon sens, car la prolifération des cigarettes électroniques jetables pose une série de problèmes concrets, tant environnementaux que sanitaires. Ce texte ne relève ni d’un réflexe idéologique ni d’un excès de précaution : il répond à des constats factuels, largement partagés indépendamment des sensibilités politiques.Chaque année, plus de 20 millions de puffs sont jetées en France. Ces objets cumulent plusieurs sources de pollution : un plastique non recyclable qui finit sur les trottoirs ou dans les rivières, des batteries au lithium dont le recyclage est complexe et qui sont dangereuses si elles ne sont pas correctement traitées, des substances chimiques qui s’infiltrent dans les sols et les cours d’eau. Alors que nous faisons des efforts considérables pour réduire les déchets inutiles et pour améliorer la gestion des composants électroniques, laisser ces millions de dispositifs jetables s’accumuler serait un contresens.En effet, contrairement à d’autres dispositifs électroniques qui répondent à un besoin précis, les puffs n’apportent aucun bénéfice particulier, que ce soit en matière de santé, d’innovation ou d’usage social. Il ne s’agit ni d’un produit de première nécessité ni d’un outil répondant à une demande légitime, mais d’un objet conçu uniquement pour être jeté après quelques minutes d’utilisation. Dans un contexte où nous cherchons à rationaliser nos modes de consommation, à limiter les déchets inutiles et à encourager des pratiques plus responsables, il est difficile de justifier la présence de tels articles sur le marché, d’autant que leur interdiction ne privera personne d’un usage essentiel et ne créera aucune contrainte insurmontable.En interdisant les puffs, nous ne freinons aucun progrès, nous ne limitons aucune liberté fondamentale, nous ne compliquons pas la vie des consommateurs. Nous ne faisons que supprimer un produit superflu.Les rapporteurs ont rappelé que d’autres pays avaient déjà pris leurs responsabilités : le Royaume-Uni envisage des restrictions et la Belgique a interdit ces produits, dont l’Union européenne s’inquiète de la prolifération. Il serait illogique que la France ne prenne pas les mêmes dispositions.Les puffs sont conçues pour être attractives. Avec un design coloré, des arômes sucrés et des formats ludiques, elles trouvent rapidement leur public, notamment chez les plus jeunes. Les chiffres sont sans appel : 47 % des adolescents qui essayent la puff n’avaient jamais consommé de nicotine auparavant ; à 17 ans, 30,7 % des jeunes ont déjà utilisé une cigarette électronique et 15 % des 13-16 ans ont déjà testé une puff. Leur usage précoce est un fait avéré. Or ces produits, souvent très fortement dosés, favorisent une accoutumance rapide.La réglementation interdit déjà la vente aux mineurs, mais, dans les faits, les puffs restent largement accessibles, que ce soit en magasin, en ligne ou sur des canaux plus difficiles à contrôler. Mieux encadrer leur distribution aurait été une tâche complexe et aléatoire. L’interdiction est donc la réponse la plus efficace pour mettre un terme à cette diffusion incontrôlée.Nous avons déjà pris des mesures pour lutter contre la prolifération des déchets électroniques, limiter la consommation d’objets en plastique à usage unique et mieux encadrer l’utilisation des batteries au lithium. Il serait paradoxal de ne pas agir sur un produit qui combine ces trois problèmes.La proposition de loi s’inscrit donc dans une continuité logique. Elle constitue une réponse claire à une dérive identifiée et permet d’anticiper des conséquences plus lourdes à l’avenir. L’interdiction des puffs est non un geste symbolique ou une posture de principe mais une décision fondée sur des réalités environnementales et sanitaires incontestables. Elle s’inscrit dans une approche pragmatique, soucieuse de préserver notre environnement ainsi que nos rues et de protéger les jeunes contre des produits dont l’usage se banalise trop rapidement. C’est pourquoi le groupe UDR votera en sa faveur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN. – M. Karl Olive applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
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   "last_order": 387,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618103",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 627,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPQV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La mesure qui nous occupe relève du bon sens, car la prolifération des cigarettes électroniques jetables pose une série de problèmes concrets, tant environnementaux que sanitaires. Ce texte ne relève ni d’un réflexe idéologique ni d’un excès de précaution : il répond à des constats factuels, largement partagés indépendamment des sensibilités politiques.Chaque année, plus de 20 millions de puffs sont jetées en France. Ces objets cumulent plusieurs sources de pollution : un plastique non recyclable qui finit sur les trottoirs ou dans les rivières, des batteries au lithium dont le recyclage est complexe et qui sont dangereuses si elles ne sont pas correctement traitées, des substances chimiques qui s’infiltrent dans les sols et les cours d’eau. Alors que nous faisons des efforts considérables pour réduire les déchets inutiles et pour améliorer la gestion des composants électroniques, laisser ces millions de dispositifs jetables s’accumuler serait un contresens.En effet, contrairement à d’autres dispositifs électroniques qui répondent à un besoin précis, les puffs n’apportent aucun bénéfice particulier, que ce soit en matière de santé, d’innovation ou d’usage social. Il ne s’agit ni d’un produit de première nécessité ni d’un outil répondant à une demande légitime, mais d’un objet conçu uniquement pour être jeté après quelques minutes d’utilisation. Dans un contexte où nous cherchons à rationaliser nos modes de consommation, à limiter les déchets inutiles et à encourager des pratiques plus responsables, il est difficile de justifier la présence de tels articles sur le marché, d’autant que leur interdiction ne privera personne d’un usage essentiel et ne créera aucune contrainte insurmontable.En interdisant les puffs, nous ne freinons aucun progrès, nous ne limitons aucune liberté fondamentale, nous ne compliquons pas la vie des consommateurs. Nous ne faisons que supprimer un produit superflu.Les rapporteurs ont rappelé que d’autres pays avaient déjà pris leurs responsabilités : le Royaume-Uni envisage des restrictions et la Belgique a interdit ces produits, dont l’Union européenne s’inquiète de la prolifération. Il serait illogique que la France ne prenne pas les mêmes dispositions.Les puffs sont conçues pour être attractives. Avec un design coloré, des arômes sucrés et des formats ludiques, elles trouvent rapidement leur public, notamment chez les plus jeunes. Les chiffres sont sans appel : 47 % des adolescents qui essayent la puff n’avaient jamais consommé de nicotine auparavant ; à 17 ans, 30,7 % des jeunes ont déjà utilisé une cigarette électronique et 15 % des 13-16 ans ont déjà testé une puff. Leur usage précoce est un fait avéré. Or ces produits, souvent très fortement dosés, favorisent une accoutumance rapide.La réglementation interdit déjà la vente aux mineurs, mais, dans les faits, les puffs restent largement accessibles, que ce soit en magasin, en ligne ou sur des canaux plus difficiles à contrôler. Mieux encadrer leur distribution aurait été une tâche complexe et aléatoire. L’interdiction est donc la réponse la plus efficace pour mettre un terme à cette diffusion incontrôlée.Nous avons déjà pris des mesures pour lutter contre la prolifération des déchets électroniques, limiter la consommation d’objets en plastique à usage unique et mieux encadrer l’utilisation des batteries au lithium. Il serait paradoxal de ne pas agir sur un produit qui combine ces trois problèmes.La proposition de loi s’inscrit donc dans une continuité logique. Elle constitue une réponse claire à une dérive identifiée et permet d’anticiper des conséquences plus lourdes à l’avenir. L’interdiction des puffs est non un geste symbolique ou une posture de principe mais une décision fondée sur des réalités environnementales et sanitaires incontestables. Elle s’inscrit dans une approche pragmatique, soucieuse de préserver notre environnement ainsi que nos rues et de protéger les jeunes contre des produits dont l’usage se banalise trop rapidement. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] votera en sa faveur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793382",
   "speaker": "Emmanuel Taché",
   "quality": "M. Emmanuel Taché de la Pagerie",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618409",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618409"
   ],
   "order": 397,
   "text": "Je serai bref car de nombreux collègues ont déjà rappelé le consensus que la proposition de loi a suscité, que ce soit en commission des affaires sociales, au cours des réunions des deux commissions mixtes paritaires ou en séance à l’Assemblée et au Sénat.Nous examinons un texte portant sur un enjeu sanitaire et environnemental majeur : l’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques jetables, appelées puffs. Si, comme je le présume, il est adopté, la France deviendra le second État européen, après la Belgique, à interdire la commercialisation de ces dispositifs sur son territoire.Cette mesure est indispensable car 15 % des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans ont déjà testé les puffs, qui offrent leur premier contact avec la nicotine à près de la moitié de leurs jeunes utilisateurs. Le danger est donc réel. Une seule puff peut contenir autant de nicotine que plusieurs paquets de cigarettes. Cela accroît le risque d’addiction, un phénomène dont nous connaissons les dangers.Le groupe Rassemblement national votera en faveur de la proposition de loi, qui s’inscrit dans une volonté de protéger la jeunesse et de lutter contre une production irresponsable de déchets particulièrement polluants. Nous regrettons toutefois que l’Union européenne – ainsi que cela a été souligné – ait pu constituer un frein à l’amplitude de la mesure de santé publique que représente l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 397,
   "amendments": [],
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618409",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 228,
   "annotation_id": "N3fead2b25f10",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je serai bref car de nombreux collègues ont déjà rappelé le consensus que la proposition de loi a suscité, que ce soit en commission des affaires sociales, au cours des réunions des deux commissions mixtes paritaires ou en séance à l’Assemblée et au Sénat.Nous examinons un texte portant sur un enjeu sanitaire et environnemental majeur : l’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques jetables, appelées puffs. Si, comme je le présume, il est adopté, la France deviendra le second État européen, après la Belgique, à interdire la commercialisation de ces dispositifs sur son territoire.Cette mesure est indispensable car 15 % des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans ont déjà testé les puffs, qui offrent leur premier contact avec la nicotine à près de la moitié de leurs jeunes utilisateurs. Le danger est donc réel. Une seule puff peut contenir autant de nicotine que plusieurs paquets de cigarettes. Cela accroît le risque d’addiction, un phénomène dont nous connaissons les dangers.Le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de la proposition de loi, qui s’inscrit dans une volonté de protéger la jeunesse et de lutter contre une production irresponsable de déchets particulièrement polluants. Nous regrettons toutefois que l’Union européenne – ainsi que cela a été souligné – ait pu constituer un frein à l’amplitude de la mesure de santé publique que représente l’interdiction des puffs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795722",
   "speaker": "Karl Olive",
   "quality": "M. Karl Olive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618414",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618414"
   ],
   "order": 402,
   "text": "Selon une formule célèbre prêtée à Bismarck, « la politique est l’art de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire ». Après trois années de travail, de combats et d’obstacles, nous voici enfin réunis pour voter l’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques à usage unique, ces fameuses puffs qui empoisonnent notre jeunesse et notre environnement.Les aléas de la vie politique nous ont fait perdre un temps précieux sur un sujet pourtant vital : la santé de nos concitoyens et, plus particulièrement, de nos enfants. La dissolution a emporté avec elle le mandat de nos collègues Francesca Pasquini, écologiste, et Bruno Studer, du bloc central, avec qui j’avais mené le combat contre les puffs, aux côtés de M. le rapporteur, Michel Lauzzana. Toutefois, leur engagement n’a pas été vain. Je tiens à les citer et à les féliciter car le texte dont nous débattons est le fruit de leur travail et de leur détermination. De même, je salue le soutien que nous avait apporté notre collègue Aurélien Rousseau lorsqu’il était ministre de la santé.Cette proposition de loi transpartisane est une preuve que, lorsque nous dépassons les postures et les querelles stériles, nous savons nous rassembler autour d’un objectif commun : protéger nos concitoyens. Elle honore le Parlement, notre engagement collectif et le principe même du service public.On ne peut être éternellement jeune, mais on peut mourir jeune. Ces mots, que Serge Gainsbourg aurait pu chanter, prennent un sens tragique lorsqu’on parle de tabagisme. En effet, derrière le vernis coloré et parfumé des puffs se cache la réalité implacable de la dépendance et de la mort prématurée. En cette Journée mondiale de lutte contre le cancer, comment ne pas rappeler que le tabac tue en France 75 000 personnes chaque année, soit 200 morts par jour, l’équivalent d’un crash aérien quotidien dont les victimes seraient nos proches, nos amis, nos enfants ?",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
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   "last_order": 402,
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   "words": 307,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Selon une formule célèbre prêtée à Bismarck, « la politique est l’art de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire ». Après trois années de travail, de combats et d’obstacles, nous voici enfin réunis pour voter l’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques à usage unique, ces fameuses puffs qui empoisonnent notre jeunesse et notre environnement.Les aléas de la vie politique nous ont fait perdre un temps précieux sur un sujet pourtant vital : la santé de nos concitoyens et, plus particulièrement, de nos enfants. La dissolution a emporté avec elle le mandat de nos collègues [PERSONNE], [GROUPE], et [PERSONNE], du bloc central, avec qui j’avais mené le combat contre les puffs, aux côtés de M. le rapporteur, [PERSONNE]. Toutefois, leur engagement n’a pas été vain. Je tiens à les citer et à les féliciter car le texte dont nous débattons est le fruit de leur travail et de leur détermination. De même, je salue le soutien que nous avait apporté notre collègue [PERSONNE] lorsqu’il était ministre de la santé.Cette proposition de loi transpartisane est une preuve que, lorsque nous dépassons les postures et les querelles stériles, nous savons nous rassembler autour d’un objectif commun : protéger nos concitoyens. Elle honore le Parlement, notre engagement collectif et le principe même du service public.On ne peut être éternellement jeune, mais on peut mourir jeune. Ces mots, que Serge Gainsbourg aurait pu chanter, prennent un sens tragique lorsqu’on parle de tabagisme. En effet, derrière le vernis coloré et parfumé des puffs se cache la réalité implacable de la dépendance et de la mort prématurée. En cette Journée mondiale de lutte contre le cancer, comment ne pas rappeler que le tabac tue en France 75 000 personnes chaque année, soit 200 morts par jour, l’équivalent d’un crash aérien quotidien dont les victimes seraient nos proches, nos amis, nos enfants ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795722",
   "speaker": "Karl Olive",
   "quality": "M. Karl Olive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 407,
   "text": "Mon frère est parti trop tôt, à 46 ans. J’ai vu de mes propres yeux ce que signifie être dévoré de l’intérieur par cette industrie cynique. C’est pourquoi je mène ce combat de toutes mes forces. C’est pourquoi, à toutes celles et à tous ceux qui ont perdu un être cher à cause du tabac, je dis : nous pensons à vous, nous nous battons pour vous. (M. le rapporteur et M. Aurélien Rousseau applaudissent.)Les puffs ne sont pas des gadgets inoffensifs. Elles forment une nouvelle porte d’entrée vers la nicotine et le tabac, un piège tendu aux plus jeunes. Colorées, sucrées, accessibles, omniprésentes sur les réseaux sociaux, elles sont pensées pour séduire les adolescents. Nous voyons des collégiens, parfois même des écoliers – j’en ai été témoin –, vapoter devant leur établissement scolaire, à la terrasse des cafés, dans les parcs. Est-ce cela que nous voulons pour notre jeunesse ?Le cerveau des adolescents est particulièrement vulnérable. La nicotine altère leur mémoire, leur concentration et leurs capacités d’apprentissage. Elle est à l’origine d’un empoisonnement insidieux qui enferme des générations entières dans la dépendance et les pousse progressivement vers la tabagie classique. La santé publique doit primer sur le profit des industriels.En plus d’être une menace pour la santé, les puffs sont aussi un non-sens écologique. Un million d’unités sont jetées chaque semaine en France. Ces bâtonnets jetables, bourrés de plastique, de lithium et de produits chimiques, finissent dans la nature, sur nos plages, dans nos rivières. Alors que nous interdisons les sacs en plastique, que nous traquons les mégots, que nous prônons la sobriété écologique, nous laissons se répandre ces déchets toxiques et non recyclables. Il s’agit d’une incohérence que nous devons corriger.L’interdiction des puffs n’est qu’une première étape. En effet, les cigarettiers ne manquent pas d’imagination pour continuer à piéger les jeunes. Déjà, d’autres produits comme les sachets de nicotine, les snuffs ou le tabac à chiquer arrivent sur le marché. Derrière ces termes obscurs se cachent de nouvelles manœuvres pour habituer nos enfants à la nicotine avant de les conduire à la cigarette. Ne nous y trompons pas : l’industrie du tabac est une industrie de la mort.Nous devons aller plus loin pour renforcer le contrôle de l’âge des acheteurs, encadrer la vente en ligne et traquer les dérives. Les règles européennes nous imposent de n’avancer que progressivement, mais nous ne lâcherons rien. Nous continuerons à nous battre, avec détermination et dans un esprit transpartisan, car notre objectif est clair : une génération sans tabac d’ici 2032.L’interdiction que nous allons adopter n’est ni une mesure hygiéniste ni une atteinte aux libertés. Elle témoigne d’un choix de civilisation, elle constitue une réponse à une industrie qui tue avant même de rendre malade. Elle porte un message adressé à nos enfants : nous refusons que vous soyez les prochaines victimes d’un commerce cynique et impitoyable. Le groupe Ensemble pour la République, que j’ai l’honneur de représenter, votera en sa faveur avec fierté et conviction, parce qu’une vie sauvée vaut tous les combats. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR. – M. Aurélien Rousseau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 407,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618419",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 515,
   "annotation_id": "N9102f9df97da",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mon frère est parti trop tôt, à 46 ans. J’ai vu de mes propres yeux ce que signifie être dévoré de l’intérieur par cette industrie cynique. C’est pourquoi je mène ce combat de toutes mes forces. C’est pourquoi, à toutes celles et à tous ceux qui ont perdu un être cher à cause du tabac, je dis : nous pensons à vous, nous nous battons pour vous. (M. le rapporteur et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)Les puffs ne sont pas des gadgets inoffensifs. Elles forment une nouvelle porte d’entrée vers la nicotine et le tabac, un piège tendu aux plus jeunes. Colorées, sucrées, accessibles, omniprésentes sur les réseaux sociaux, elles sont pensées pour séduire les adolescents. Nous voyons des collégiens, parfois même des écoliers – j’en ai été témoin –, vapoter devant leur établissement scolaire, à la terrasse des cafés, dans les parcs. Est-ce cela que nous voulons pour notre jeunesse ?Le cerveau des adolescents est particulièrement vulnérable. La nicotine altère leur mémoire, leur concentration et leurs capacités d’apprentissage. Elle est à l’origine d’un empoisonnement insidieux qui enferme des générations entières dans la dépendance et les pousse progressivement vers la tabagie classique. La santé publique doit primer sur le profit des industriels.En plus d’être une menace pour la santé, les puffs sont aussi un non-sens écologique. Un million d’unités sont jetées chaque semaine en France. Ces bâtonnets jetables, bourrés de plastique, de lithium et de produits chimiques, finissent dans la nature, sur nos plages, dans nos rivières. Alors que nous interdisons les sacs en plastique, que nous traquons les mégots, que nous prônons la sobriété écologique, nous laissons se répandre ces déchets toxiques et non recyclables. Il s’agit d’une incohérence que nous devons corriger.L’interdiction des puffs n’est qu’une première étape. En effet, les cigarettiers ne manquent pas d’imagination pour continuer à piéger les jeunes. Déjà, d’autres produits comme les sachets de nicotine, les snuffs ou le tabac à chiquer arrivent sur le marché. Derrière ces termes obscurs se cachent de nouvelles manœuvres pour habituer nos enfants à la nicotine avant de les conduire à la cigarette. Ne nous y trompons pas : l’industrie du tabac est une industrie de la mort.Nous devons aller plus loin pour renforcer le contrôle de l’âge des acheteurs, encadrer la vente en ligne et traquer les dérives. Les règles européennes nous imposent de n’avancer que progressivement, mais nous ne lâcherons rien. Nous continuerons à nous battre, avec détermination et dans un esprit transpartisan, car notre objectif est clair : une génération sans tabac d’ici 2032.L’interdiction que nous allons adopter n’est ni une mesure hygiéniste ni une atteinte aux libertés. Elle témoigne d’un choix de civilisation, elle constitue une réponse à une industrie qui tue avant même de rendre malade. Elle porte un message adressé à nos enfants : nous refusons que vous soyez les prochaines victimes d’un commerce cynique et impitoyable. Le groupe [GROUPE], que j’ai l’honneur de représenter, votera en sa faveur avec fierté et conviction, parce qu’une vie sauvée vaut tous les combats. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795616",
   "speaker": "Carlos Martens Bilongo",
   "quality": "M. Carlos Martens Bilongo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618427",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618427"
   ],
   "order": 415,
   "text": "Je veux d’abord avoir une pensée pour notre ancienne collègue Francesca Pasquini, qui est à l’origine du texte soumis à notre vote.Alors que notre ambition est de voir la première génération sans tabac, comment pouvons-nous tolérer que des objets aux conséquences aussi graves que celles des puffs soient laissés entre les mains de nos enfants ? L’interdiction de la consommation et de la vente de ces dispositifs électroniques à usage unique est une urgence absolue. L’industrie du tabac redouble d’ingéniosité pour attirer les plus jeunes et les initier au tabagisme. Les puffs, au marketing agressif et à l’apparence ludique avec leurs couleurs et leurs arômes, sont vendues à bas prix tandis que leur composition intègre des substances douteuses, voire alarmantes.Chauffés, le propylène glycol et le glycérol qu’elles contiennent libèrent des substances très toxiques. On retrouve également dans les puffs des nitrosamines et du formaldéhyde, reconnus comme cancérigènes, ainsi que des métaux lourds comme le plomb et le nickel, susceptibles d’endommager les poumons et le système nerveux.Nous ne pouvons pas fermer les yeux face à ce produit dangereux pour la santé publique. Les chiffres sont accablants : en 2022, 13 % des jeunes de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà utilisé une puff et, pour 28 % d’entre eux, il s’agissait de leur première consommation de nicotine. Pire encore, ils sont 17 % à s’être tournés ensuite vers d’autres produits du tabac. Huit adolescents sur dix ont déjà vu quelqu’un utiliser une cigarette électronique jetable.Ce sont les jeunes qui parlent le mieux de la puff. Voilà ce que m’indique Yannis Atik, un collégien de troisième : « La puff est partout. Des élèves de ma classe en utilisent depuis trois ans. Ils sont totalement accros, les filles comme les garçons. Moi, je ne fume pas parce que mes parents me l’interdisent et parce que je joue au football. Je n’aime pas la cigarette et je ne suis pas influençable. » Ce témoignage édifiant doit nous alerter.Alors que la consommation de tabac a fortement diminué au cours des cinquante dernières années, l’essor des puffs menace d’inverser cette tendance. L’Académie de médecine a d’ailleurs expliqué que la popularité des e-cigarettes chez les jeunes risque de freiner, voire d’annihiler, les progrès accomplis.Le rôle des réseaux sociaux dans le phénomène des puffs est dangereux. De nombreuses célébrités, influenceurs ou acteurs, font leur promotion sur Snapchat ou TikTok, voire à la télévision. Dans ce contexte, comment expliquer aux jeunes que fumer ne les rendra ni plus cool ni plus stylés ?Par ailleurs, un test mené par UFC-Que choisir révèle que 75 % des buralistes vendent ces produits à des collégiens. Ce constat est inacceptable. Plus nous tardons à agir, plus le problème s’aggrave. Alors que les premières puffs contenaient 600 bouffées, certaines en proposent désormais jusqu’à 100 000 ! Je vous livre un autre témoignage, celui de Linda Ayari, née en 2003 : « La puff est vendue partout sur Snapchat. Vous envoyez un message et vous êtes livré cinq minutes plus tard. »Cette escalade est dangereuse car la nicotine, une substance considérée comme une drogue dure par les professionnels de santé, engendre une dépendance qui affecte directement le développement du cerveau des jeunes. Les conséquences neurologiques sont importantes. La nicotine stimule la libération de dopamine, procurant un bien-être artificiel et temporaire. Chez les adolescents, elle altère le développement cérébral et augmente les risques de troubles de l’humeur et d’impulsivité.Le problème est également écologique car les puffs finissent souvent jetées dans la nature, contribuant aux pollutions plastique et électronique. En 2024, la production mondiale de puffs jetables a englouti 90 tonnes de lithium, de quoi fabriquer plus de 33 000 batteries pour véhicule électrique. Ce gaspillage est inacceptable.Le marché du vapotage, gangrené par des pratiques illégales et synonyme d’aggravation de la pollution, génère en France un chiffre d’affaires annuel de 1,2 milliard d’euros, dont environ 150 millions pour les puffs.Monsieur le ministre, en cette Journée mondiale de lutte contre le cancer, je vous demande de faire tout votre possible pour que les décrets d’application de cette future loi soient pris quelques semaines, voire quelques jours, après sa promulgation. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Il y va de la santé des jeunes générations. (M. le rapporteur et M. Aurélien Rousseau applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 415,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618427",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 706,
   "annotation_id": "Ne4a0f7a5d6f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPQSV",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux d’abord avoir une pensée pour notre ancienne collègue [PERSONNE], qui est à l’origine du texte soumis à notre vote.Alors que notre ambition est de voir la première génération sans tabac, comment pouvons-nous tolérer que des objets aux conséquences aussi graves que celles des puffs soient laissés entre les mains de nos enfants ? L’interdiction de la consommation et de la vente de ces dispositifs électroniques à usage unique est une urgence absolue. L’industrie du tabac redouble d’ingéniosité pour attirer les plus jeunes et les initier au tabagisme. Les puffs, au marketing agressif et à l’apparence ludique avec leurs couleurs et leurs arômes, sont vendues à bas prix tandis que leur composition intègre des substances douteuses, voire alarmantes.Chauffés, le propylène glycol et le glycérol qu’elles contiennent libèrent des substances très toxiques. On retrouve également dans les puffs des nitrosamines et du formaldéhyde, reconnus comme cancérigènes, ainsi que des métaux lourds comme le plomb et le nickel, susceptibles d’endommager les poumons et le système nerveux.Nous ne pouvons pas fermer les yeux face à ce produit dangereux pour la santé publique. Les chiffres sont accablants : en 2022, 13 % des jeunes de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà utilisé une puff et, pour 28 % d’entre eux, il s’agissait de leur première consommation de nicotine. Pire encore, ils sont 17 % à s’être tournés ensuite vers d’autres produits du tabac. Huit adolescents sur dix ont déjà vu quelqu’un utiliser une cigarette électronique jetable.Ce sont les jeunes qui parlent le mieux de la puff. Voilà ce que m’indique Yannis Atik, un collégien de troisième : « La puff est partout. Des élèves de ma classe en utilisent depuis trois ans. Ils sont totalement accros, les filles comme les garçons. Moi, je ne fume pas parce que mes parents me l’interdisent et parce que je joue au football. Je n’aime pas la cigarette et je ne suis pas influençable. » Ce témoignage édifiant doit nous alerter.Alors que la consommation de tabac a fortement diminué au cours des cinquante dernières années, l’essor des puffs menace d’inverser cette tendance. L’Académie de médecine a d’ailleurs expliqué que la popularité des e-cigarettes chez les jeunes risque de freiner, voire d’annihiler, les progrès accomplis.Le rôle des réseaux sociaux dans le phénomène des puffs est dangereux. De nombreuses célébrités, influenceurs ou acteurs, font leur promotion sur Snapchat ou TikTok, voire à la télévision. Dans ce contexte, comment expliquer aux jeunes que fumer ne les rendra ni plus cool ni plus stylés ?Par ailleurs, un test mené par UFC-Que choisir révèle que 75 % des buralistes vendent ces produits à des collégiens. Ce constat est inacceptable. Plus nous tardons à agir, plus le problème s’aggrave. Alors que les premières puffs contenaient 600 bouffées, certaines en proposent désormais jusqu’à 100 000 ! Je vous livre un autre témoignage, celui de Linda Ayari, née en 2003 : « La puff est vendue partout sur Snapchat. Vous envoyez un message et vous êtes livré cinq minutes plus tard. »Cette escalade est dangereuse car la nicotine, une substance considérée comme une drogue dure par les professionnels de santé, engendre une dépendance qui affecte directement le développement du cerveau des jeunes. Les conséquences neurologiques sont importantes. La nicotine stimule la libération de dopamine, procurant un bien-être artificiel et temporaire. Chez les adolescents, elle altère le développement cérébral et augmente les risques de troubles de l’humeur et d’impulsivité.Le problème est également écologique car les puffs finissent souvent jetées dans la nature, contribuant aux pollutions plastique et électronique. En 2024, la production mondiale de puffs jetables a englouti 90 tonnes de lithium, de quoi fabriquer plus de 33 000 batteries pour véhicule électrique. Ce gaspillage est inacceptable.Le marché du vapotage, gangrené par des pratiques illégales et synonyme d’aggravation de la pollution, génère en France un chiffre d’affaires annuel de 1,2 milliard d’euros, dont environ 150 millions pour les puffs.Monsieur le ministre, en cette Journée mondiale de lutte contre le cancer, je vous demande de faire tout votre possible pour que les décrets d’application de cette future loi soient pris quelques semaines, voire quelques jours, après sa promulgation. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Il y va de la santé des jeunes générations. (M. le rapporteur et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
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   "speaker": "Océane Godard",
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   ],
   "order": 428,
   "text": "C’est en conscience et avec responsabilité (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe RN) que le groupe socialiste soutient la version adoptée par la commission mixte paritaire de la proposition de loi visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, aussi appelés puffs. Il s’agit d’une réponse nécessaire à une double urgence, sanitaire et écologique. Je voudrais à cet égard exprimer ma reconnaissance à mon collègue Aurélien Rousseau, qui, le 4 décembre 2023, siégeait en tant que ministre sur le banc du gouvernement et avait soutenu l’interdiction des puffs.La CMP a adapté la proposition de loi à l’avis que la Commission européenne a rendu le 25 septembre. Elle a précisé que la détention de dispositifs électroniques de vapotage était interdite et que l’interdiction valait pour les dispositifs non rechargeables en liquide. Elle a supprimé l’interdiction de fabrication en France et a renforcé le rôle des inspecteurs de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes dans l’application de la loi.Parlons de santé publique. Si la cigarette électronique a été présentée comme un outil de potentielle réduction des risques pour les fumeurs adultes, nous ne pouvons ignorer que les puffs ont envahi le marché en séduisant un public qui est tout autre : les adolescents et les jeunes adultes.Les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes : selon une étude de l’Alliance contre le tabac, en 2022, 13 % des 13-16 ans avaient déjà expérimenté la puff. Ce produit est souvent aromatisé avec un goût sucré ou fruité et arbore une couleur attrayante ; il fait penser à un gadget plutôt qu’à un produit contenant de la nicotine. Design, marketing et facilité d’accès en ont fait une redoutable porte d’entrée vers l’addiction. Nous ne pouvons accepter qu’un quart des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans disent qu’il est facile d’acheter une puff, alors que l’on sait que ce produit est conçu pour les séduire. Saveurs sucrées, couleurs flashy, marketing ciblé : tout est pensé pour pousser nos enfants dans l’engrenage de la dépendance.La nicotine a des effets délétères sur le cerveau en développement des jeunes : c’est scientifiquement prouvé, c’est objectif. Elle altère la concentration, accroît l’anxiété, peut susciter une dépendance rapide. Plusieurs études montrent que les jeunes qui commencent par vapoter sont susceptibles de se tourner par la suite vers la cigarette classique.Au-delà de la question sanitaire, les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont un non-sens écologique. Elles sont composées de plastique non recyclable, de batteries au lithium, de métaux rares. Pourtant, elles sont conçues pour être jetées après seulement quelques centaines de bouffées. Chaque jour, des milliers de ces dispositifs finissent dans les rues, dans les cours de collège ou de lycée, dans les rivières, sur les plages, dans les océans. Alors que le réchauffement climatique, loin d’être un fantasme ou un complot, est bien réel, tolérer la prolifération de ces objets à usage unique est paradoxal, inacceptable et irresponsable.Nous ne sommes pas naïfs. Pour l’industrie du tabac, les adolescents d’aujourd’hui sont les consommateurs de demain. Elle investit massivement dans le marché du vapotage, avec des tactiques similaires à celles du passé : séduire les jeunes, minimiser les risques, retarder toute régulation. Certains diront qu’interdire un produit, c’est risquer de créer un marché noir, priver les fumeurs d’une alternative. Soyons clairs : la proposition de loi ne remet pas en cause le vapotage dans son ensemble ; elle s’attaque aux produits jetables, nocifs pour la santé.Cette proposition de loi ne serait pas complète si nous ne nous attachions pas à la prévention et à l’éducation sur les dangers du vapotage chez les jeunes. Assurons-nous que d’autres solutions responsables existent pour les adultes qui utilisent la cigarette électronique comme un outil de sortie du tabagisme. L’objectif du texte est d’agir en amont, pour éviter qu’une nouvelle génération ne tombe dans la dépendance à la nicotine. C’est une mesure de protection, fondée sur la science et sur les conséquences avérées sur les vies.L’ensemble des groupes ont voté pour ce texte consensuel en commission des affaires sociales. Preuve que la santé publique et la protection de l’environnement priment. L’interdiction des puffs est une étape nécessaire et responsable. Le groupe socialiste votera pour. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, EPR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 428,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618207",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 702,
   "annotation_id": "Nbf3d0a59bde5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est en conscience et avec responsabilité (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) que le groupe [GROUPE] soutient la version adoptée par la commission mixte paritaire de la proposition de loi visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, aussi appelés puffs. Il s’agit d’une réponse nécessaire à une double urgence, sanitaire et écologique. Je voudrais à cet égard exprimer ma reconnaissance à mon collègue [PERSONNE], qui, le 4 décembre 2023, siégeait en tant que ministre sur le banc du gouvernement et avait soutenu l’interdiction des puffs.La CMP a adapté la proposition de loi à l’avis que la Commission européenne a rendu le 25 septembre. Elle a précisé que la détention de dispositifs électroniques de vapotage était interdite et que l’interdiction valait pour les dispositifs non rechargeables en liquide. Elle a supprimé l’interdiction de fabrication en France et a renforcé le rôle des inspecteurs de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes dans l’application de la loi.Parlons de santé publique. Si la cigarette électronique a été présentée comme un outil de potentielle réduction des risques pour les fumeurs adultes, nous ne pouvons ignorer que les puffs ont envahi le marché en séduisant un public qui est tout autre : les adolescents et les jeunes adultes.Les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes : selon une étude de l’Alliance contre le tabac, en 2022, 13 % des 13-16 ans avaient déjà expérimenté la puff. Ce produit est souvent aromatisé avec un goût sucré ou fruité et arbore une couleur attrayante ; il fait penser à un gadget plutôt qu’à un produit contenant de la nicotine. Design, marketing et facilité d’accès en ont fait une redoutable porte d’entrée vers l’addiction. Nous ne pouvons accepter qu’un quart des adolescents de 13 à 16 ans disent qu’il est facile d’acheter une puff, alors que l’on sait que ce produit est conçu pour les séduire. Saveurs sucrées, couleurs flashy, marketing ciblé : tout est pensé pour pousser nos enfants dans l’engrenage de la dépendance.La nicotine a des effets délétères sur le cerveau en développement des jeunes : c’est scientifiquement prouvé, c’est objectif. Elle altère la concentration, accroît l’anxiété, peut susciter une dépendance rapide. Plusieurs études montrent que les jeunes qui commencent par vapoter sont susceptibles de se tourner par la suite vers la cigarette classique.Au-delà de la question sanitaire, les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont un non-sens écologique. Elles sont composées de plastique non recyclable, de batteries au lithium, de métaux rares. Pourtant, elles sont conçues pour être jetées après seulement quelques centaines de bouffées. Chaque jour, des milliers de ces dispositifs finissent dans les rues, dans les cours de collège ou de lycée, dans les rivières, sur les plages, dans les océans. Alors que le réchauffement climatique, loin d’être un fantasme ou un complot, est bien réel, tolérer la prolifération de ces objets à usage unique est paradoxal, inacceptable et irresponsable.Nous ne sommes pas naïfs. Pour l’industrie du tabac, les adolescents d’aujourd’hui sont les consommateurs de demain. Elle investit massivement dans le marché du vapotage, avec des tactiques similaires à celles du passé : séduire les jeunes, minimiser les risques, retarder toute régulation. Certains diront qu’interdire un produit, c’est risquer de créer un marché noir, priver les fumeurs d’une alternative. Soyons clairs : la proposition de loi ne remet pas en cause le vapotage dans son ensemble ; elle s’attaque aux produits jetables, nocifs pour la santé.Cette proposition de loi ne serait pas complète si nous ne nous attachions pas à la prévention et à l’éducation sur les dangers du vapotage chez les jeunes. Assurons-nous que d’autres solutions responsables existent pour les adultes qui utilisent la cigarette électronique comme un outil de sortie du tabagisme. L’objectif du texte est d’agir en amont, pour éviter qu’une nouvelle génération ne tombe dans la dépendance à la nicotine. C’est une mesure de protection, fondée sur la science et sur les conséquences avérées sur les vies.L’ensemble des groupes ont voté pour ce texte consensuel en commission des affaires sociales. Preuve que la santé publique et la protection de l’environnement priment. L’interdiction des puffs est une étape nécessaire et responsable. Le groupe [GROUPE] votera pour. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794042",
   "speaker": "Sylvie Dezarnaud",
   "quality": "Mme Sylvie Dezarnaud",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618218",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618218"
   ],
   "order": 439,
   "text": "Nous arrivons au terme du long cheminement de la proposition de loi visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, communément appelés puffs. Les puffs sont moins chères que les cigarettes électroniques classiques ; elles sont colorées et souvent acidulées. Arrivées en France en 2021, elles sont conçues, par leur goût et leur marketing, pour séduire une clientèle jeune, voire très jeune – on parle ici de collégiens.Pour la santé publique, les puffs sont une aberration. Elles contiennent des sels de nicotine et enferment les jeunes, dès le collège, dans une addiction qui les poussera plus tard à consommer du tabac. C’est en quelque sorte un produit d’appel pour la cigarette.Le recours aux sels de nicotine n’est pas anodin. Leur utilisation est plus facile et a moins d’effets indésirables que la nicotine traditionnelle extraite des plants de tabac. Certains des effets négatifs de la cigarette classique, comme l’irritation et la toux, ne se font pas ressentir.Cette facilité à vapoter s’inscrit dans un contexte où l’utilisation de cigarettes électroniques par les collégiens et lycéens est en progression, malgré l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs dans notre pays. Une étude de novembre 2023 d’Alliance contre le tabac révélait que 15 % des adolescents avaient déjà utilisé une puff et que 47 % d’entre eux avaient commencé leur initiation à la nicotine avec ce dispositif. Comment ne pas s’alarmer de cette véritable bombe à retardement sanitaire ? Nous ne pouvons pas, d’un côté, nous mobiliser pour débarrasser les Français du tabagisme, de l’autre, laisser apparaître des générations de jeunes préaccros qui seront les fumeurs de demain.Les puffs sont également néfastes du point de vue environnemental. Jetées très rapidement après leur utilisation, elles contiennent des batteries au lithium et du plastique. Dans le monde dans lequel nous vivons, et que nous laisserons à nos enfants et à nos petits-enfants, ce n’est pas acceptable.Le législateur devait donc agir. Je salue le travail transpartisan que le Parlement a entrepris depuis 2022, avec le soutien du groupe Droite républicaine. Ce travail a été possible grâce au volontarisme du gouvernement, notamment du ministre chargé de la santé et de l’accès aux soins, Yannick Neuder, que je salue amicalement.",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 439,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618218",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 362,
   "annotation_id": "Ne07a7b9e6f50",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous arrivons au terme du long cheminement de la proposition de loi visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique, communément appelés puffs. Les puffs sont moins chères que les cigarettes électroniques classiques ; elles sont colorées et souvent acidulées. Arrivées en France en 2021, elles sont conçues, par leur goût et leur marketing, pour séduire une clientèle jeune, voire très jeune – on parle ici de collégiens.Pour la santé publique, les puffs sont une aberration. Elles contiennent des sels de nicotine et enferment les jeunes, dès le collège, dans une addiction qui les poussera plus tard à consommer du tabac. C’est en quelque sorte un produit d’appel pour la cigarette.Le recours aux sels de nicotine n’est pas anodin. Leur utilisation est plus facile et a moins d’effets indésirables que la nicotine traditionnelle extraite des plants de tabac. Certains des effets négatifs de la cigarette classique, comme l’irritation et la toux, ne se font pas ressentir.Cette facilité à vapoter s’inscrit dans un contexte où l’utilisation de cigarettes électroniques par les collégiens et lycéens est en progression, malgré l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs dans notre pays. Une étude de novembre 2023 d’Alliance contre le tabac révélait que 15 % des adolescents avaient déjà utilisé une puff et que 47 % d’entre eux avaient commencé leur initiation à la nicotine avec ce dispositif. Comment ne pas s’alarmer de cette véritable bombe à retardement sanitaire ? Nous ne pouvons pas, d’un côté, nous mobiliser pour débarrasser les Français du tabagisme, de l’autre, laisser apparaître des générations de jeunes préaccros qui seront les fumeurs de demain.Les puffs sont également néfastes du point de vue environnemental. Jetées très rapidement après leur utilisation, elles contiennent des batteries au lithium et du plastique. Dans le monde dans lequel nous vivons, et que nous laisserons à nos enfants et à nos petits-enfants, ce n’est pas acceptable.Le législateur devait donc agir. Je salue le travail transpartisan que le Parlement a entrepris depuis 2022, avec le soutien du groupe [GROUPE]. Ce travail a été possible grâce au volontarisme du gouvernement, notamment du ministre chargé de la santé et de l’accès aux soins, [PERSONNE], que je salue amicalement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fcfd24523f3345697ab951bc4299dfe6923c8c1e81f8129b4183c21c4b8020de",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794042",
   "speaker": "Sylvie Dezarnaud",
   "quality": "Mme Sylvie Dezarnaud",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618225",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618225"
   ],
   "order": 446,
   "text": "Dans un esprit constructif, au-delà des clivages traditionnels, nous sommes sur le point d’acter l’interdiction des puffs après une commission mixte paritaire conclusive et un avis favorable de la Commission européenne.La CMP a bien pris en compte les évolutions technologiques possibles, qui auraient rendu caduque la définition initiale. La rédaction retenue – « dispositifs électroniques de vapotage […] préremplis avec un liquide et ne pouvant être remplis à nouveau, qu’ils disposent ou non d’une batterie rechargeable » – est plus cohérente et permettra une bonne application de la loi.La mise en vente, la vente, la distribution ou l’offre gratuite de puffs seront interdites, sous peine d’une amende de 100 000 euros et de 200 000 euros en cas de récidive. J’espère que cette sanction sera suffisamment dissuasive pour limiter les contournements et le trafic. Les agents de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes seront chargés de constater l’infraction.Depuis le 1er janvier 2025, la Belgique applique déjà une telle interdiction. Nous deviendrons donc le deuxième pays de l’Union européenne à adopter une telle loi, et nous nous en félicitons.Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, pour la santé de nos enfants et petits-enfants, le groupe Droite républicaine votera en faveur de ce texte. En protégeant nos enfants, nous protégeons notre avenir. C’est ce que nous ferons, je l’espère, à l’unanimité aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem. – M. Aurélien Rousseau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 446,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618225",
   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 245,
   "annotation_id": "N2d55bc1d978e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dans un esprit constructif, au-delà des clivages traditionnels, nous sommes sur le point d’acter l’interdiction des puffs après une commission mixte paritaire conclusive et un avis favorable de la Commission européenne.La CMP a bien pris en compte les évolutions technologiques possibles, qui auraient rendu caduque la définition initiale. La rédaction retenue – « dispositifs électroniques de vapotage […] préremplis avec un liquide et ne pouvant être remplis à nouveau, qu’ils disposent ou non d’une batterie rechargeable » – est plus cohérente et permettra une bonne application de la loi.La mise en vente, la vente, la distribution ou l’offre gratuite de puffs seront interdites, sous peine d’une amende de 100 000 euros et de 200 000 euros en cas de récidive. J’espère que cette sanction sera suffisamment dissuasive pour limiter les contournements et le trafic. Les agents de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes seront chargés de constater l’infraction.Depuis le 1er janvier 2025, la Belgique applique déjà une telle interdiction. Nous deviendrons donc le deuxième pays de l’Union européenne à adopter une telle loi, et nous nous en félicitons.Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, pour la santé de nos enfants et petits-enfants, le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de ce texte. En protégeant nos enfants, nous protégeons notre avenir. C’est ce que nous ferons, je l’espère, à l’unanimité aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091",
   "date": "2025-02-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28969",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA841507",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Bonnet",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Bonnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "puffs::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N091-3618231",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 452,
   "text": "Je prends la parole, au nom du groupe Écologiste et social, sur un sujet qui me tient particulièrement à cœur : la lutte contre le tabagisme sous toutes ses formes. Je prends la parole ou plutôt je reprends la parole et le travail de ma collègue Francesca Pasquini, députée écologiste des Hauts-de-Seine de 2022 à 2024, qui fut à l’origine de la proposition de loi. Si les puffs sont interdites à l’issue de notre vote, c’est en grande partie grâce à son travail. Je tiens à la remercier sincèrement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et GDR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR, SOC et DR.) Je tiens également à remercier les associations Alliance contre le tabac, notamment son président Loïc Josseran, et Surfrider, qui l’ont accompagnée.Avant de parler du fond, j’aimerais m’attarder sur la forme. Dans le contexte parlementaire actuel, il est rare de voir une démarche transpartisane aller à son terme. Déposée en novembre 2022 par Francesca Pasquini, rapidement soutenue par Michel Lauzzana, Bruno Studer et Karl Olive, cosignée par 168 députés issus de huit groupes politiques, puis inscrite à l’ordre du jour d’une semaine de l’Assemblée, cette proposition de loi est un exemple réussi d’une démarche transpartisane. J’invite celles et ceux qui m’écoutent à s’en inspirer aussi souvent que possible pour obtenir des avancées sur des sujets dépassant les clivages – et ils sont plus nombreux qu’on ne veut le croire.Quoi de plus consensuel que l’interdiction des puffs ? Ces cigarettes électroniques jetables à usage unique sont apparues en France en 2021. Elles ne sont rien d’autre qu’un scandale sanitaire et une aberration écologique, une énième trouvaille de l’industrie du tabac pour créer de nouveaux consommateurs, toujours plus jeunes. La puff n’est rien d’autre qu’un nom cool donné à la cigarette pour enfants. Le nier serait malhonnête : les puffs sont pensées pour cela. Par leurs emballages, colorés, attractifs, semblables à ceux des bonbons, par leurs goûts variés, sucrés ou fruités – saveur cookie, fraise, banane ou marshmallow –, par leur facilité d’accès, dans des points de vente non réglementés, en magasin ou sur internet, tout a été pensé dans un seul objectif : s’adresser aux mineurs, aux ados, aux collégiens, s’adresser à un âge où les premières habitudes de fumeur apparaissent, où l’on est le plus vulnérable.Si les puffs ne contiennent pas de tabac, elles contiennent le plus souvent de la nicotine et leur nocivité pour la santé est avérée. De plus, elles contribuent à normaliser le geste de fumer.Certes, les fabricants nous expliquent que la vente des puffs est interdite aux mineurs. En théorie, c’est vrai. En pratique, une étude conduite à la demande de l’Alliance contre le tabac a montré qu’en 2023, 15 % des 13 à 16 ans en avaient déjà utilisé et conclu que la puff est de plus en plus la porte d’entrée des ados dans la nicotine et le tabac.Les puffs sont également une aberration écologique : cigarette électronique à usage unique, cigarette jetable, elles sont la matérialisation parfaite de l’objet éphémère que l’on jette après l’avoir consommé. Elles sont principalement composées de plastique et de métaux lourds, comme le lithium ou le plomb. Elles sont très rarement recyclées ; on les retrouve par terre, dans les rues ou dans la nature. Elles se décomposent lentement, polluant ainsi pendant plusieurs siècles les cours d’eau, la faune et la flore.Un scandale sanitaire qui menace les plus jeunes, doublé d’une aberration écologique : ces deux raisons suffisent à justifier l’interdiction des puffs, instaurée par l’article unique de la proposition de loi.Permettez-moi pour conclure d’évoquer l’horizon dessiné par ce texte : la sortie du tabagisme et, plus généralement, des produits nocifs pour la santé et pour l’environnement. La France compte 12 millions de fumeurs quotidiens. Le tabac reste la première cause de mortalité évitable, avec 75 000 décès par an. Six fumeurs quotidiens sur dix souhaiteraient arrêter. Il ne faut jamais oublier que le tabac est une addiction. L’addiction, ce n’est pas seulement une personne et un produit ; c’est la rencontre entre une personne, un produit et un contexte socioculturel.La présente proposition de loi doit nous conduire à mener une réflexion générale sur la place du tabac dans notre société, ainsi que sur celle de l’alcool et de toutes les drogues. Nous devons réfléchir à la place de l’addiction dans notre société consumériste, qui crée des besoins artificiels, débouchant sur un cercle vicieux faisant alterner frustration et satisfaction. Le tabac n’en est qu’un exemple parmi tant d’autres, parmi trop d’autres.Le groupe Écologiste et social votera pour la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS, EPR et SOC.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 452,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "puffs",
   "words": 771,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je prends la parole, au nom du groupe [GROUPE], sur un sujet qui me tient particulièrement à cœur : la lutte contre le tabagisme sous toutes ses formes. Je prends la parole ou plutôt je reprends la parole et le travail de ma collègue [PERSONNE], députée [GROUPE] des Hauts-de-Seine de 2022 à 2024, qui fut à l’origine de la proposition de loi. Si les puffs sont interdites à l’issue de notre vote, c’est en grande partie grâce à son travail. Je tiens à la remercier sincèrement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et DR.) Je tiens également à remercier les associations Alliance contre le tabac, notamment son président Loïc Josseran, et Surfrider, qui l’ont accompagnée.Avant de parler du fond, j’aimerais m’attarder sur la forme. Dans le contexte parlementaire actuel, il est rare de voir une démarche transpartisane aller à son terme. Déposée en novembre 2022 par [PERSONNE], rapidement soutenue par [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], cosignée par 168 députés issus de huit groupes politiques, puis inscrite à l’ordre du jour d’une semaine de l’Assemblée, cette proposition de loi est un exemple réussi d’une démarche transpartisane. J’invite celles et ceux qui m’écoutent à s’en inspirer aussi souvent que possible pour obtenir des avancées sur des sujets dépassant les clivages – et ils sont plus nombreux qu’on ne veut le croire.Quoi de plus consensuel que l’interdiction des puffs ? Ces cigarettes électroniques jetables à usage unique sont apparues en France en 2021. Elles ne sont rien d’autre qu’un scandale sanitaire et une aberration écologique, une énième trouvaille de l’industrie du tabac pour créer de nouveaux consommateurs, toujours plus jeunes. La puff n’est rien d’autre qu’un nom cool donné à la cigarette pour enfants. Le nier serait malhonnête : les puffs sont pensées pour cela. Par leurs emballages, colorés, attractifs, semblables à ceux des bonbons, par leurs goûts variés, sucrés ou fruités – saveur cookie, fraise, banane ou marshmallow –, par leur facilité d’accès, dans des points de vente non réglementés, en magasin ou sur internet, tout a été pensé dans un seul objectif : s’adresser aux mineurs, aux ados, aux collégiens, s’adresser à un âge où les premières habitudes de fumeur apparaissent, où l’on est le plus vulnérable.Si les puffs ne contiennent pas de tabac, elles contiennent le plus souvent de la nicotine et leur nocivité pour la santé est avérée. De plus, elles contribuent à normaliser le geste de fumer.Certes, les fabricants nous expliquent que la vente des puffs est interdite aux mineurs. En théorie, c’est vrai. En pratique, une étude conduite à la demande de l’Alliance contre le tabac a montré qu’en 2023, 15 % des 13 à 16 ans en avaient déjà utilisé et conclu que la puff est de plus en plus la porte d’entrée des ados dans la nicotine et le tabac.Les puffs sont également une aberration écologique : cigarette électronique à usage unique, cigarette jetable, elles sont la matérialisation parfaite de l’objet éphémère que l’on jette après l’avoir consommé. Elles sont principalement composées de plastique et de métaux lourds, comme le lithium ou le plomb. Elles sont très rarement recyclées ; on les retrouve par terre, dans les rues ou dans la nature. Elles se décomposent lentement, polluant ainsi pendant plusieurs siècles les cours d’eau, la faune et la flore.Un scandale sanitaire qui menace les plus jeunes, doublé d’une aberration écologique : ces deux raisons suffisent à justifier l’interdiction des puffs, instaurée par l’article unique de la proposition de loi.Permettez-moi pour conclure d’évoquer l’horizon dessiné par ce texte : la sortie du tabagisme et, plus généralement, des produits nocifs pour la santé et pour l’environnement. La France compte 12 millions de fumeurs quotidiens. Le tabac reste la première cause de mortalité évitable, avec 75 000 décès par an. Six fumeurs quotidiens sur dix souhaiteraient arrêter. Il ne faut jamais oublier que le tabac est une addiction. L’addiction, ce n’est pas seulement une personne et un produit ; c’est la rencontre entre une personne, un produit et un contexte socioculturel.La présente proposition de loi doit nous conduire à mener une réflexion générale sur la place du tabac dans notre société, ainsi que sur celle de l’alcool et de toutes les drogues. Nous devons réfléchir à la place de l’addiction dans notre société consumériste, qui crée des besoins artificiels, débouchant sur un cercle vicieux faisant alterner frustration et satisfaction. Le tabac n’en est qu’un exemple parmi tant d’autres, parmi trop d’autres.Le groupe [GROUPE] votera pour la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29876",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036-3891444",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 113,
   "text": "…mais pour en souligner une autre : la transition démographique. Depuis plusieurs jours, nous discutons de nombreux sujets intéressants, mais surtout pas de ce qui concerne directement le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) : quand parlerons-nous des Ehpad qui n’arrivent pas à boucler leur budget à cause des charges sociales plus importantes dans le secteur public que dans le privé ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 8 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 8 (suite)",
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   "last_order": 113,
   "amendments": [],
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   "annotation_id": "Ndab0aee4db30",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…mais pour en souligner une autre : la transition démographique. Depuis plusieurs jours, nous discutons de nombreux sujets intéressants, mais surtout pas de ce qui concerne directement le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) : quand parlerons-nous des Ehpad qui n’arrivent pas à boucler leur budget à cause des charges sociales plus importantes dans le secteur public que dans le privé ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29876",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "6dca11e83d4ef9fe8bfa00cf804868dbd13e5a3208969043eee2fb1a11615717",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036-3891476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 148,
   "text": "Mme Vidal nous a interrogés au sujet d’une autre transition, la transition démographique, elle aussi source de difficultés tant à court qu’à moyen terme. Je l’ai dit hier soir à propos de la taxe sur les salaires – c’est un peu le même sujet –, nous devons réfléchir à l’échelle du monde socio-économique dans son ensemble, en intégrant les établissements médico-sociaux et les Ehpad, afin de calibrer les enjeux de charges et de taxes pour que les personnels soient mieux payés, que les employeurs soient incités à mieux recruter, à embaucher à temps plein et à donner à celles et ceux qui s’engagent pour nos aînés des conditions de travail plus avantageuses, leur permettant de s’engager plus durablement dans leur métier.On sait que le turnover est considérable et qu’il est la conséquence d’un traitement salarial et managérial à revoir en profondeur. Madame la députée Vidal, nous allons travailler pour répondre à votre inquiétude dans le cadre de cette réflexion plus globale en intégrant la taxe sur les salaires et en visant les établissements assujettis ou non à TVA.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 8 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 8 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3891201",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 148,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036-3891476",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 178,
   "annotation_id": "Nd694b710638c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mme Vidal nous a interrogés au sujet d’une autre transition, la transition démographique, elle aussi source de difficultés tant à court qu’à moyen terme. Je l’ai dit hier soir à propos de la taxe sur les salaires – c’est un peu le même sujet –, nous devons réfléchir à l’échelle du monde socio-économique dans son ensemble, en intégrant les établissements médico-sociaux et les Ehpad, afin de calibrer les enjeux de charges et de taxes pour que les personnels soient mieux payés, que les employeurs soient incités à mieux recruter, à embaucher à temps plein et à donner à celles et ceux qui s’engagent pour nos aînés des conditions de travail plus avantageuses, leur permettant de s’engager plus durablement dans leur métier.On sait que le turnover est considérable et qu’il est la conséquence d’un traitement salarial et managérial à revoir en profondeur. Madame la députée Vidal, nous allons travailler pour répondre à votre inquiétude dans le cadre de cette réflexion plus globale en intégrant la taxe sur les salaires et en visant les établissements assujettis ou non à TVA."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29876",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036.xml",
   "source_sha256": "6dca11e83d4ef9fe8bfa00cf804868dbd13e5a3208969043eee2fb1a11615717",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA842195",
   "speaker": "Romain Eskenazi",
   "quality": "M. Romain Eskenazi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036-3891229",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3891229"
   ],
   "order": 284,
   "text": "Cet amendement de M. Guedj déposé au nom du groupe socialiste vise à supprimer la déduction forfaitaire des cotisations sociales : c’est de l’argent en plus pour la sécurité sociale, sans toucher au pouvoir d’achat des salariés, contrairement aux amendements précédents. Notre objectif est en effet de trouver des ressources pour nos Ehpad, nos hôpitaux et le bien-être de nos aînés. Pour avoir travaillé quatre ans à l’hôpital avant d’être élu, je peux vous assurer que l’hôpital a besoin d’argent.La déduction forfaitaire est aujourd’hui de 1,50 euro pour les entreprises de moins de 20 salariés, et de 0,50 euro pour celles de moins de 250 salariés. Elle contrevient au principe du partage du travail et contribue à diminuer les recettes de la sécurité sociale, alors que notre système de santé en a besoin. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 8 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 8 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3891201",
   "amendment": "258",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 284,
   "amendments": [
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   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036-3891229",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 140,
   "annotation_id": "N554f8ef8e42e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement de M. Guedj déposé au nom du groupe [GROUPE] vise à supprimer la déduction forfaitaire des cotisations sociales : c’est de l’argent en plus pour la sécurité sociale, sans toucher au pouvoir d’achat des salariés, contrairement aux amendements précédents. Notre objectif est en effet de trouver des ressources pour nos Ehpad, nos hôpitaux et le bien-être de nos aînés. Pour avoir travaillé quatre ans à l’hôpital avant d’être élu, je peux vous assurer que l’hôpital a besoin d’argent.La déduction forfaitaire est aujourd’hui de 1,50 euro pour les entreprises de moins de 20 salariés, et de 0,50 euro pour celles de moins de 250 salariés. Elle contrevient au principe du partage du travail et contribue à diminuer les recettes de la sécurité sociale, alors que notre système de santé en a besoin. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29876",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036-3891232",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 287,
   "text": "J’ai déjà répondu à M. Monnet dans le même sens, lorsque nous avons examiné son amendement relatif aux heures supplémentaires. Vous proposez de revenir sur une mesure adoptée dans le courant de l’été 2022, à la suite de l’élection présidentielle et des élections législatives, lors desquelles nous avions pu mesurer dans nos circonscriptions les attentes fortes de nos concitoyens en matière de pouvoir d’achat.À l’époque déjà, il n’existait pas de majorité absolue, mais une majorité s’était néanmoins dégagée pour encourager les entreprises à recourir aux heures supplémentaires. Le coût du dispositif reste très ciblé : il bénéficie à quelque 740 000 entreprises, majoritairement des TPE-PME. Parce que la déduction est forfaitaire, et non proportionnelle, elle favorise surtout les salaires modestes : comme vous l’avez rappelé, elle s’élève à 1,50 euro par heure pour les entreprises de moins de 20 salariés, et à 0,50 euro pour celles comptant entre 20 et 250 salariés.Vous affirmez que cette déduction va à l’encontre du partage du travail. Mais dans la vraie vie des entreprises, notamment chez les artisans, l’activité n’est pas un gâteau que l’on partage : on ne crée pas un emploi en remplacement d’heures supplémentaires. (M. Didier Le Gac applaudit.)Certaines compétences ou expertises particulières peuvent être ponctuellement requises, ce qui rend indispensable le recours à des heures supplémentaires. Certaines activités sont saisonnières.Par ailleurs, les heures supplémentaires représentent une véritable source de pouvoir d’achat pour les salariés. Dans ma circonscription, plusieurs d’entre eux m’ont confié qu’ils aimeraient en effectuer davantage, mais que leur employeur n’en a pas les moyens en raison de leur coût. Or la mesure que vous proposez de supprimer aide justement les entreprises, moyennant un coût limité, à proposer ces heures supplémentaires. Elle constitue donc une mesure concrète de soutien au pouvoir d’achat. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à votre amendement. (M. Didier Le Gac applaudit.)J’ajoute qu’avec mes collègues du groupe Droite républicaine, nous proposerons même de rétablir le dispositif tel qu’il existait sous la présidence de Nicolas Sarkozy, sans distinction entre les entreprises de moins de 250 salariés et les autres.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 8 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 8 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3891201",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 287,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N036-3891232",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 342,
   "annotation_id": "N25ed83540bf9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai déjà répondu à M. Monnet dans le même sens, lorsque nous avons examiné son amendement relatif aux heures supplémentaires. Vous proposez de revenir sur une mesure adoptée dans le courant de l’été 2022, à la suite de l’élection présidentielle et des élections législatives, lors desquelles nous avions pu mesurer dans nos circonscriptions les attentes fortes de nos concitoyens en matière de pouvoir d’achat.À l’époque déjà, il n’existait pas de majorité absolue, mais une majorité s’était néanmoins dégagée pour encourager les entreprises à recourir aux heures supplémentaires. Le coût du dispositif reste très ciblé : il bénéficie à quelque 740 000 entreprises, majoritairement des TPE-PME. Parce que la déduction est forfaitaire, et non proportionnelle, elle favorise surtout les salaires modestes : comme vous l’avez rappelé, elle s’élève à 1,50 euro par heure pour les entreprises de moins de 20 salariés, et à 0,50 euro pour celles comptant entre 20 et 250 salariés.Vous affirmez que cette déduction va à l’encontre du partage du travail. Mais dans la vraie vie des entreprises, notamment chez les artisans, l’activité n’est pas un gâteau que l’on partage : on ne crée pas un emploi en remplacement d’heures supplémentaires. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Certaines compétences ou expertises particulières peuvent être ponctuellement requises, ce qui rend indispensable le recours à des heures supplémentaires. Certaines activités sont saisonnières.Par ailleurs, les heures supplémentaires représentent une véritable source de pouvoir d’achat pour les salariés. Dans ma circonscription, plusieurs d’entre eux m’ont confié qu’ils aimeraient en effectuer davantage, mais que leur employeur n’en a pas les moyens en raison de leur coût. Or la mesure que vous proposez de supprimer aide justement les entreprises, moyennant un coût limité, à proposer ces heures supplémentaires. Elle constitue donc une mesure concrète de soutien au pouvoir d’achat. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à votre amendement. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)J’ajoute qu’avec mes collègues du groupe [GROUPE], nous proposerons même de rétablir le dispositif tel qu’il existait sous la présidence de Nicolas Sarkozy, sans distinction entre les entreprises de moins de 250 salariés et les autres."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29957",
   "title": "Première séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_sha256": "35d6ec2f09bdfd9da999a7bb5350840d10120bad08f9caf3f80b602330e83e64",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3900521",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900521"
   ],
   "order": 239,
   "text": "Il est vain de croire que nous pourrons terminer l’examen du texte, même si nous avancions à 20 amendements à l’heure, ce qui est vraiment rapide – il faut s’accrocher. La question est de savoir si nous siégeons jusqu’à 7 heures du matin – je crois qu’il n’y a pas grand monde qui en a envie –, si nous ouvrons la journée de demain pour terminer le texte, ou si le projet est de ne pas le terminer pour envoyer au Sénat un texte avec les amendements retenus par le gouvernement. C’est simple, mais nous voulons savoir où nous en sommes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Après l’article 20 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3899061",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 239,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3900521",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N2971c07b0e99",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est vain de croire que nous pourrons terminer l’examen du texte, même si nous avancions à 20 amendements à l’heure, ce qui est vraiment rapide – il faut s’accrocher. La question est de savoir si nous siégeons jusqu’à 7 heures du matin – je crois qu’il n’y a pas grand monde qui en a envie –, si nous ouvrons la journée de demain pour terminer le texte, ou si le projet est de ne pas le terminer pour envoyer au Sénat un texte avec les amendements retenus par le gouvernement. C’est simple, mais nous voulons savoir où nous en sommes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29957",
   "title": "Première séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_sha256": "35d6ec2f09bdfd9da999a7bb5350840d10120bad08f9caf3f80b602330e83e64",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3900523",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900523"
   ],
   "order": 241,
   "text": "Sur le fondement des mêmes articles, sur l’organisation de nos débats. Nous voulons évidemment examiner l’ensemble des dépenses. Il est assez cocasse d’entendre ceux qui ont tout fait hier pour nous empêcher d’aborder le cœur de la sécurité sociale, les dépenses de l’hôpital, des Ehpad, de la santé mentale, s’inquiéter aujourd’hui que nous ne puissions pas aller au terme de ce débat à cause du grand nombre d’amendements qu’ils ont déposés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EPR et DR. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Je propose donc que nous avancions à marche rythmée, forcée, pour pouvoir aller le plus loin possible dans l’examen de ce texte et si possible à son terme. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Après l’article 20 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3899061",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 241,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3900523",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "N76b71813491e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fondement des mêmes articles, sur l’organisation de nos débats. Nous voulons évidemment examiner l’ensemble des dépenses. Il est assez cocasse d’entendre ceux qui ont tout fait hier pour nous empêcher d’aborder le cœur de la sécurité sociale, les dépenses de l’hôpital, des Ehpad, de la santé mentale, s’inquiéter aujourd’hui que nous ne puissions pas aller au terme de ce débat à cause du grand nombre d’amendements qu’ils ont déposés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et DR. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je propose donc que nous avancions à marche rythmée, forcée, pour pouvoir aller le plus loin possible dans l’examen de ce texte et si possible à son terme. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29957",
   "title": "Première séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_sha256": "35d6ec2f09bdfd9da999a7bb5350840d10120bad08f9caf3f80b602330e83e64",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3902515",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3902515"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "Je voudrais le dire avec force : derrière vos propos, derrière votre vision d’un préfet tout-puissant, il y a la vision d’un État autoritaire qui nie la démocratie. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)Et derrière cette vision, il y a un affaiblissement de la puissance publique et de la science ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et EPR et sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem, EcoS et GDR. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 21 / ",
   "article": "Article 21",
   "article_id": "3900527",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 376,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3902515",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N0a5a202aa270",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais le dire avec force : derrière vos propos, derrière votre vision d’un préfet tout-puissant, il y a la vision d’un État autoritaire qui nie la démocratie. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Et derrière cette vision, il y a un affaiblissement de la puissance publique et de la science ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29957",
   "title": "Première séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_sha256": "35d6ec2f09bdfd9da999a7bb5350840d10120bad08f9caf3f80b602330e83e64",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795108",
   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3899073",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899073"
   ],
   "order": 21,
   "text": "Ces amendements, que nous avons rédigés avec les associations et les fédérations concernées, proposent de lancer des expérimentations visant à financer la création d’espaces dédiés exclusivement aux femmes dans les centres de soins, d’accompagnement et de prévention en addictologie (Csapa) pour le premier et dans les centres d’accueil et d’accompagnement à la réduction des risques pour usagers de drogues (Caarud) pour le second.Bien que ces établissements soient ouverts à tous, 76 % des personnes accompagnées en 2021 par les Csapa étaient des hommes. Cela s’explique par plusieurs facteurs, comme les représentations stéréotypées des addictions ou la peur de subir des violences sexistes et sexuelles. La surreprésentation des hommes entraîne un non-recours par les femmes, alors qu’elles sont elles aussi concernées par les addictions. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3899061",
   "amendment": "1813 et 1822",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 21,
   "amendments": [
    "1813 et 1822"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3899073",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 130,
   "annotation_id": "N7a2e2aa7766a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements, que nous avons rédigés avec les associations et les fédérations concernées, proposent de lancer des expérimentations visant à financer la création d’espaces dédiés exclusivement aux femmes dans les centres de soins, d’accompagnement et de prévention en addictologie (Csapa) pour le premier et dans les centres d’accueil et d’accompagnement à la réduction des risques pour usagers de drogues (Caarud) pour le second.Bien que ces établissements soient ouverts à tous, 76 % des personnes accompagnées en 2021 par les Csapa étaient des hommes. Cela s’explique par plusieurs facteurs, comme les représentations stéréotypées des addictions ou la peur de subir des violences sexistes et sexuelles. La surreprésentation des hommes entraîne un non-recours par les femmes, alors qu’elles sont elles aussi concernées par les addictions. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29957",
   "title": "Première séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043.xml",
   "source_sha256": "35d6ec2f09bdfd9da999a7bb5350840d10120bad08f9caf3f80b602330e83e64",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3899076",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899076"
   ],
   "order": 24,
   "text": "Nous avons eu ce débat en commission. Ces amendements soulèvent des questions légitimes dans la mesure où les femmes qui fréquentent ces structures se trouvent souvent en situation de grande vulnérabilité.Toutefois, le vote d’une disposition législative n’est pas nécessaire pour créer des espaces dédiés aux femmes, comme l’illustre l’exemple du centre Charonne, dans le 18e arrondissement de Paris. Par ailleurs, il aurait sans doute été plus cohérent de prévoir une seule expérimentation au lieu de deux, même s’il s’agit de structures différentes. Nous pourrions profiter de la navette pour regrouper ces deux expérimentations dans une même disposition.Ces amendements avaient été adoptés par la commission. À titre personnel, je m’en remettrai à la sagesse de l’Assemblée sur les deux, même si j’étais en principe défavorable au second.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 20 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 20 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3899061",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 24,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N043-3899076",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "N68133c4accae",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons eu ce débat en commission. Ces amendements soulèvent des questions légitimes dans la mesure où les femmes qui fréquentent ces structures se trouvent souvent en situation de grande vulnérabilité.Toutefois, le vote d’une disposition législative n’est pas nécessaire pour créer des espaces dédiés aux femmes, comme l’illustre l’exemple du centre Charonne, dans le 18e arrondissement de Paris. Par ailleurs, il aurait sans doute été plus cohérent de prévoir une seule expérimentation au lieu de deux, même s’il s’agit de structures différentes. Nous pourrions profiter de la navette pour regrouper ces deux expérimentations dans une même disposition.Ces amendements avaient été adoptés par la commission. À titre personnel, je m’en remettrai à la sagesse de l’Assemblée sur les deux, même si j’étais en principe défavorable au second."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29880",
   "title": "Première séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3135583322937d059120be0d6e35a089c70384c6766464c26f12d6d33ef12ca0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040-3895915",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3895915"
   ],
   "order": 110,
   "text": "Au mois de juin, un comité d’alerte de l’Ondam a appelé le gouvernement à réagir, constatant qu’un certain nombre d’économies prévues par la LFSS n’avaient pas encore été mises en œuvre – notamment que l’arrêté sur les biosimilaires n’avait pas encore été pris. Le comité d’alerte a alors enjoint au gouvernement de prendre des mesures d’urgence pour éviter que le déficit de la sécurité sociale n’aille complètement dans le décor – si vous me permettez l’expression – en 2025.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 11 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 11 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3895726",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 110,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040-3895915",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N8264bbad9c49",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Au mois de juin, un comité d’alerte de l’Ondam a appelé le gouvernement à réagir, constatant qu’un certain nombre d’économies prévues par la LFSS n’avaient pas encore été mises en œuvre – notamment que l’arrêté sur les biosimilaires n’avait pas encore été pris. Le comité d’alerte a alors enjoint au gouvernement de prendre des mesures d’urgence pour éviter que le déficit de la sécurité sociale n’aille complètement dans le décor – si vous me permettez l’expression – en 2025."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29880",
   "title": "Première séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3135583322937d059120be0d6e35a089c70384c6766464c26f12d6d33ef12ca0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040-3895917",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3895917"
   ],
   "order": 112,
   "text": "Dans le cadre de l’accord sur les biosimilaires, il a donc été décidé d’une évolution que les pharmaciens – reçus toutes les semaines, si ce n’est tous les jours, par Yannick Neuder, Catherine Vautrin et leurs équipes – n’ont certes pas acceptée.Autre élément que je souhaite vous rappeler : dans le PLFSS pour 2026 tel que proposé par le gouvernement, les pharmaciens bénéficieront de plus de 45 millions d’euros de soutien au titre de l’avenant conventionnel de 2024. Le texte que vous examinez prévoit notamment : une aide financière pouvant aller jusqu’à 20 000 euros par an pour les officines en difficulté dans les zones rurales ; une revalorisation des astreintes et des honoraires de garde, ainsi que la création d’un horaire de nuit profonde, entre minuit et 6 heures, lorsque les pharmacies sont ouvertes ; la tarification de nouvelles missions de santé publique – prise en charge des angines et des cystites, par exemple ; l’élargissement des compétences vaccinales ; la rémunération sous forme de primes de missions de santé publique pour la vaccination, le dépistage, les bilans de médication pour les patients âgés et les entretiens spécifiques pour les patients sous opioïdes ; l’incitation à la substitution par des biosimilaires avec des forfaits incitatifs ; la revalorisation de 20 % de l’honoraire de dispensation à l’ordonnance et l’évolution de celui lié à l’âge ; la génération d’un outil de lutte contre la fraude qui s’appuie sur l’intelligence artificielle (IA).Tout cela doit évidemment être intégré au débat, sinon, on donne l’impression, une fois de plus, que la chaîne du médicament fait peser tout l’effort sur les pharmaciens, dont le rôle est évidemment déterminant face aux enjeux de santé publique, et que nous les laissons se débrouiller seuls.Je souscris aux propos de ma collègue Stéphanie Rist. Je comprends pourquoi vous souhaitez figer dans la loi certains éléments qui relevaient jusqu’ici de la convention, de la négociation et de la concertation, mais c’est la pire manière de faire si nous voulons travailler en bonne intelligence. Cela ferait de vous les négociateurs de la chaîne du médicament et cela risquerait de compromettre la mission IGF-Igas.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 11 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 11 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3895726",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 112,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040-3895917",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 353,
   "annotation_id": "N0c2c1cdcf25a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Dans le cadre de l’accord sur les biosimilaires, il a donc été décidé d’une évolution que les pharmaciens – reçus toutes les semaines, si ce n’est tous les jours, par [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] et leurs équipes – n’ont certes pas acceptée.Autre élément que je souhaite vous rappeler : dans le PLFSS pour 2026 tel que proposé par le gouvernement, les pharmaciens bénéficieront de plus de 45 millions d’euros de soutien au titre de l’avenant conventionnel de 2024. Le texte que vous examinez prévoit notamment : une aide financière pouvant aller jusqu’à 20 000 euros par an pour les officines en difficulté dans les zones rurales ; une revalorisation des astreintes et des honoraires de garde, ainsi que la création d’un horaire de nuit profonde, entre minuit et 6 heures, lorsque les pharmacies sont ouvertes ; la tarification de nouvelles missions de santé publique – prise en charge des angines et des cystites, par exemple ; l’élargissement des compétences vaccinales ; la rémunération sous forme de primes de missions de santé publique pour la vaccination, le dépistage, les bilans de médication pour les patients âgés et les entretiens spécifiques pour les patients sous opioïdes ; l’incitation à la substitution par des biosimilaires avec des forfaits incitatifs ; la revalorisation de 20 % de l’honoraire de dispensation à l’ordonnance et l’évolution de celui lié à l’âge ; la génération d’un outil de lutte contre la fraude qui s’appuie sur l’intelligence artificielle (IA).Tout cela doit évidemment être intégré au débat, sinon, on donne l’impression, une fois de plus, que la chaîne du médicament fait peser tout l’effort sur les pharmaciens, dont le rôle est évidemment déterminant face aux enjeux de santé publique, et que nous les laissons se débrouiller seuls.Je souscris aux propos de ma collègue [PERSONNE]. Je comprends pourquoi vous souhaitez figer dans la loi certains éléments qui relevaient jusqu’ici de la convention, de la négociation et de la concertation, mais c’est la pire manière de faire si nous voulons travailler en bonne intelligence. Cela ferait de vous les négociateurs de la chaîne du médicament et cela risquerait de compromettre la mission IGF-Igas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29880",
   "title": "Première séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040.xml",
   "source_sha256": "3135583322937d059120be0d6e35a089c70384c6766464c26f12d6d33ef12ca0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040-3896114",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3896114"
   ],
   "order": 117,
   "text": "Si tout est figé dans la loi, à quoi bon s’organiser ? Le sujet n’est pas binaire : il n’y a pas d’un côté le méchant gouvernement et de l’autre les gentils pharmaciens ; il y a simplement l’État qui cherche à activer le réseau de proximité, qui a conscience que la réalité des pharmacies rurales n’a rien à voir avec celle des pharmacies de centre-ville et qui souhaite accompagner une évolution collective et concertée. La loi pourra traduire la concertation une fois celle-ci achevée, mais ce serait faire les choses dans le mauvais sens que de l’anticiper.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 11 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 11 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3895726",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 117,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N040-3896114",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 98,
   "annotation_id": "Nbbab5b352114",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si tout est figé dans la loi, à quoi bon s’organiser ? Le sujet n’est pas binaire : il n’y a pas d’un côté le méchant gouvernement et de l’autre les gentils pharmaciens ; il y a simplement l’État qui cherche à activer le réseau de proximité, qui a conscience que la réalité des pharmacies rurales n’a rien à voir avec celle des pharmacies de centre-ville et qui souhaite accompagner une évolution collective et concertée. La loi pourra traduire la concertation une fois celle-ci achevée, mais ce serait faire les choses dans le mauvais sens que de l’anticiper."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028",
   "date": "2024-10-30",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28635",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 30 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1a21a53bc1c73f089c15d8f28de78ed9ee76b2552e4aa7c8fd5a455dff47bb68",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA335612",
   "speaker": "Jean-Paul Lecoq",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Paul Lecoq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028-3544033",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3544033"
   ],
   "order": 148,
   "text": "…des organismes de retraite professionnelle supplémentaire, tout en prévoyant des assouplissements réglementaires.L’étape suivante a consisté à amplifier au maximum les produits d’épargne retraite, tels ceux de la Caisse nationale de prévoyance de la fonction publique, ou Préfon, le plan d’épargne retraite populaire (Perp), les contrats Madelin, en les regroupant en un seul dispositif, le plan d’épargne retraite individuel ou collectif. Toutes ces retraites supplémentaires sont proposées par des banques, des assurances et des mutuelles. Celles-ci les gèrent ensuite elles-mêmes, ou les confient à des gestionnaires d’actifs, comme Moody’s Group.Selon les chiffres de la direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees), le montant total des actifs de ces retraites supplémentaires dépasse désormais 250 milliards d’euros, contre 205 milliards en 2015. Il concerne 14,3 millions de personnes. Ces dispositifs font donc la part belle à la capitalisation individuelle et inégalitaire, contre notre système solidaire par répartition. C’est afin de conforter ce dernier que nous proposons, par cet amendement, d’instaurer une contribution exceptionnelle à hauteur de 15 % sur ces fonds de pension. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3544091",
   "amendment": "1293",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 148,
   "amendments": [
    "1293"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028-3544033",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 182,
   "annotation_id": "N1e6fc9b6f0ea",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…des organismes de retraite professionnelle supplémentaire, tout en prévoyant des assouplissements réglementaires.L’étape suivante a consisté à amplifier au maximum les produits d’épargne retraite, tels ceux de la Caisse nationale de prévoyance de la fonction publique, ou Préfon, le plan d’épargne retraite populaire (Perp), les contrats Madelin, en les regroupant en un seul dispositif, le plan d’épargne retraite individuel ou collectif. Toutes ces retraites supplémentaires sont proposées par des banques, des assurances et des mutuelles. Celles-ci les gèrent ensuite elles-mêmes, ou les confient à des gestionnaires d’actifs, comme Moody’s Group.Selon les chiffres de la direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees), le montant total des actifs de ces retraites supplémentaires dépasse désormais 250 milliards d’euros, contre 205 milliards en 2015. Il concerne 14,3 millions de personnes. Ces dispositifs font donc la part belle à la capitalisation individuelle et inégalitaire, contre notre système solidaire par répartition. C’est afin de conforter ce dernier que nous proposons, par cet amendement, d’instaurer une contribution exceptionnelle à hauteur de 15 % sur ces fonds de pension. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028",
   "date": "2024-10-30",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28635",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 30 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1a21a53bc1c73f089c15d8f28de78ed9ee76b2552e4aa7c8fd5a455dff47bb68",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028-3544582",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3544582"
   ],
   "order": 153,
   "text": "L’avis de la commission est défavorable. Cette fois, il s’agit de taxer les plans d’épargne retraite. Votre addiction aux taxes est vraiment évidente ce soir. («Oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe DR.) Vous proposerez bientôt une taxe pour lutter contre l’addiction au sucre ; je me demande s’il ne faudrait pas envisager une taxe contre l’addiction aux taxes. (Approbations sur les bancs du groupe DR. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3544091",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 153,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N028-3544582",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "Ne1647328cd8d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis de la commission est défavorable. Cette fois, il s’agit de taxer les plans d’épargne retraite. Votre addiction aux taxes est vraiment évidente ce soir. («Oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe DR.) Vous proposerez bientôt une taxe pour lutter contre l’addiction au sucre ; je me demande s’il ne faudrait pas envisager une taxe contre l’addiction aux taxes. (Approbations sur les bancs du groupe DR. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046718",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046718"
   ],
   "order": 433,
   "text": "Je remercie d’avance l’ensemble des groupes qui permettront l’adoption de cette proposition de loi en une demi-heure. Celle-ci a été adoptée à l’unanimité en commission. La proposition tend tout simplement à interdire aux industriels l’ajout de sucre dans les plats destinés à l’alimentation des nourrissons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 433,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046718",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N377f497212a3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie d’avance l’ensemble des groupes qui permettront l’adoption de cette proposition de loi en une demi-heure. Celle-ci a été adoptée à l’unanimité en commission. La proposition tend tout simplement à interdire aux industriels l’ajout de sucre dans les plats destinés à l’alimentation des nourrissons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046721",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046721"
   ],
   "order": 435,
   "text": "Pour aller vite, je résumerai la position du gouvernement sur ce texte, qui vise à protéger les nourrissons du sucre ajouté dans leurs aliments. Nous partageons avec vous l’objectif de protéger les enfants et d’améliorer leur alimentation. Le sujet doit néanmoins être traité au niveau européen, raison pour laquelle le gouvernement s’en remettra à la sagesse de l’Assemblée.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 435,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046721",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N9fdef5106cc4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour aller vite, je résumerai la position du gouvernement sur ce texte, qui vise à protéger les nourrissons du sucre ajouté dans leurs aliments. Nous partageons avec vous l’objectif de protéger les enfants et d’améliorer leur alimentation. Le sujet doit néanmoins être traité au niveau européen, raison pour laquelle le gouvernement s’en remettra à la sagesse de l’Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046797",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046797"
   ],
   "order": 453,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi visant à interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux enfants de moins de trois ans est malheureusement beaucoup moins ambitieuse que celle présentée par notre collègue Sabrina Sebaihi il y a quelques semaines. Rappelons d’ailleurs que la droite et le centre de cet hémicycle se sont évertués à pourrir la journée réservée au groupe écologiste (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP),…",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 453,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046797",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "N6113879f5db0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi visant à interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux enfants de moins de trois ans est malheureusement beaucoup moins ambitieuse que celle présentée par notre collègue [PERSONNE] il y a quelques semaines. Rappelons d’ailleurs que la droite et le centre de cet hémicycle se sont évertués à pourrir la journée réservée au groupe [GROUPE] (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
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   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046799",
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   "order": 455,
   "text": "…niche parlementaire à l’ordre du jour de laquelle figurait cette proposition de loi bien plus ambitieuse, « pour une génération sans sucre », destinée à préserver la santé de nos enfants et dont vous ne nous proposez aujourd’hui qu’un pâle ersatz.Il est bien sûr nécessaire de réduire la concentration de sucre dans les aliments des plus jeunes : le surpoids pourrait concerner un enfant sur trois à l’horizon 2030, et l’une des causes en est la surconsommation de sucre. Il en découle des maladies graves comme l’obésité, le diabète et les maladies cardiovasculaires.On ne peut toutefois lutter contre ces maladies par des taxes comportementales qui s’appliqueront aux produits les moins chers et pèseront donc sur les familles les plus précaires. Les responsables sont l’agro-industrie et ses lobbys. On ne saurait lutter contre ces maladies sans avoir conscience de leur caractère politique. Depuis 2018, notre collègue Loïc Prud’homme alerte sur les produits ultra-transformés à destination des enfants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Nous mettons également en garde contre la publicité à destination des plus jeunes. L’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) a retrouvé jusque dans les petits pots pour bébés des composés néoformés, des résidus de pesticides et des hydrocarbures à effet neurotoxique et cancérigène.L’acte II de la loi Duplomb montre que ces dangers ne sont pas pris au sérieux, preuve que notre santé, et celle de nos enfants, est le cadet des soucis de certains parlementaires, et qu’elle peut tout à fait être sacrifiée sur l’autel du profit de l’agro-industrie.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 455,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046799",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 259,
   "annotation_id": "Nd2b325e00055",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILMPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…niche parlementaire à l’ordre du jour de laquelle figurait cette proposition de loi bien plus ambitieuse, « pour une génération sans sucre », destinée à préserver la santé de nos enfants et dont vous ne nous proposez aujourd’hui qu’un pâle ersatz.Il est bien sûr nécessaire de réduire la concentration de sucre dans les aliments des plus jeunes : le surpoids pourrait concerner un enfant sur trois à l’horizon 2030, et l’une des causes en est la surconsommation de sucre. Il en découle des maladies graves comme l’obésité, le diabète et les maladies cardiovasculaires.On ne peut toutefois lutter contre ces maladies par des taxes comportementales qui s’appliqueront aux produits les moins chers et pèseront donc sur les familles les plus précaires. Les responsables sont l’agro-industrie et ses lobbys. On ne saurait lutter contre ces maladies sans avoir conscience de leur caractère politique. Depuis 2018, notre collègue Loïc Prud’homme alerte sur les produits ultra-transformés à destination des enfants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous mettons également en garde contre la publicité à destination des plus jeunes. L’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) a retrouvé jusque dans les petits pots pour bébés des composés néoformés, des résidus de pesticides et des hydrocarbures à effet neurotoxique et cancérigène.L’acte II de la loi Duplomb montre que ces dangers ne sont pas pris au sérieux, preuve que notre santé, et celle de nos enfants, est le cadet des soucis de certains parlementaires, et qu’elle peut tout à fait être sacrifiée sur l’autel du profit de l’agro-industrie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046832",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 460,
   "text": "Non seulement notre santé est sacrifiée, mais notre intelligence est insultée : certains agro-industriels, rencontrant des difficultés à vendre certains de leurs produits, inventent de nouveaux concepts, par exemple des biscuits apéritifs pour favoriser l’apprentissage de la mastication. Je vous laisse le temps de computer cette information. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Il s’agit bien de biscuits apéritifs destinés à ceux qui ne savent pas encore mâcher – pour les bébés ! Comme si l’humanité avait dû attendre la manifestation du génie de certains industriels pour apprendre à consommer des aliments solides. Voyez comme ils nous prennent pour des idiots. Et ils ont raison, manifestement : le Rassemblement national en a fait un amendement.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 460,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046832",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "N0dd57aedeb3a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Non seulement notre santé est sacrifiée, mais notre intelligence est insultée : certains agro-industriels, rencontrant des difficultés à vendre certains de leurs produits, inventent de nouveaux concepts, par exemple des biscuits apéritifs pour favoriser l’apprentissage de la mastication. Je vous laisse le temps de computer cette information. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Il s’agit bien de biscuits apéritifs destinés à ceux qui ne savent pas encore mâcher – pour les bébés ! Comme si l’humanité avait dû attendre la manifestation du génie de certains industriels pour apprendre à consommer des aliments solides. Voyez comme ils nous prennent pour des idiots. Et ils ont raison, manifestement : le [GROUPE] en a fait un amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046804",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "Nous ne pouvons pas compter sur les députés de ce groupe pour nous protéger, nous et nos enfants, des appétits voraces des industriels de l’agroalimentaire. Hélas, nous ne pouvons pas non plus compter sur les gouvernements successifs : ils ne s’attaquent pas aux causes des maladies, ils n’ont pas de politique de prévention. La sécurité alimentaire n’est plus contrôlée par l’État dans notre pays – j’en veux pour preuve le scandale des laits infantiles contaminés de Nestlé et Lactalis qui a éclaté en décembre dernier. Les lobbys de l’agro-industrie ont milité pour un affaiblissement du cadre réglementaire et du contrôle des aliments. Les effectifs de la direction ministérielle chargés des contrôles ont ainsi diminué de 25 % ces quinze dernières années. Dès lors, comment nous assurer que les industriels ne contournent pas l’interdiction que nous nous apprêtons à voter, en modifiant simplement leurs emballages ?Oui, il est temps d’interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux plus jeunes, mais il est surtout temps d’entériner une définition des aliments ultra-transformés, de donner aux familles les moyens de connaître la qualité des aliments qui sont dans leurs assiettes et de stopper les industriels qui nous empoisonnent sans vergogne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 462,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046804",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 211,
   "annotation_id": "N5ff2be2c8a7a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEIMPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne pouvons pas compter sur les députés de ce groupe pour nous protéger, nous et nos enfants, des appétits voraces des industriels de l’agroalimentaire. Hélas, nous ne pouvons pas non plus compter sur les gouvernements successifs : ils ne s’attaquent pas aux causes des maladies, ils n’ont pas de politique de prévention. La sécurité alimentaire n’est plus contrôlée par l’État dans notre pays – j’en veux pour preuve le scandale des laits infantiles contaminés de Nestlé et Lactalis qui a éclaté en décembre dernier. Les lobbys de l’agro-industrie ont milité pour un affaiblissement du cadre réglementaire et du contrôle des aliments. Les effectifs de la direction ministérielle chargés des contrôles ont ainsi diminué de 25 % ces quinze dernières années. Dès lors, comment nous assurer que les industriels ne contournent pas l’interdiction que nous nous apprêtons à voter, en modifiant simplement leurs emballages ?Oui, il est temps d’interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux plus jeunes, mais il est surtout temps d’entériner une définition des aliments ultra-transformés, de donner aux familles les moyens de connaître la qualité des aliments qui sont dans leurs assiettes et de stopper les industriels qui nous empoisonnent sans vergogne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840955",
   "speaker": "Pierre Pribetich",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Pribetich",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046807",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046807"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "Personne n’aurait l’idée saugrenue de donner à son nourrisson une cigarette à fumer ; nous savons tous que ce produit est addictif et dangereux pour la santé. Pourtant, un nourrisson peut parfois recevoir dès ses premières préparations alimentaires une substance tout aussi addictive : le sucre. Ces produits ont en commun d’activer le circuit de la récompense et de libérer la dopamine, qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la motivation et la désirabilité : elle amplifie le plaisir et renforce l’envie de consommer le produit de nouveau. Ainsi s’enclenche le cycle infernal de l’addiction, délétère pour la santé. Les taux de dopamine augmentent fortement lorsque l’on consomme de l’alcool ou de la nicotine ; il en va de même lorsque l’on consomme du sucre. S’active le même circuit de récompense : plus nous en consommons, plus nous en avons envie et plus nous en achetons.La nourriture qu’on nous donne à consommer est conçue pour être irrésistible. Ce n’est pas un hasard si, depuis le XIXe siècle, notre consommation de sucre n’a cessé de croître, jusqu’à s’imposer massivement dans notre alimentation quotidienne. Et je n’évoquerai pas le scandale des sucres ajoutés en outre-mer, véritable fléau sanitaire. Notre dépendance n’aboutit pas seulement à une plus grande consommation de produits mauvais pour la santé, elle fait aussi du sucre un produit de moins en moins cher – il s’agit bien d’un cycle infernal. Que le sucre soit une matière première très bon marché explique son omniprésence dans les plats préparés, les sauces, les yaourts, les céréales ; et désormais dans l’ensemble des aliments destinés aux nourrissons. Le sucre reconfigure nos palais tout en générant d’importants profits, avec d’immenses conséquences sanitaires : oui, on meurt de la surconsommation de sucre.Le sucre favorise le surpoids, l’obésité et les maladies associées, telles que le diabète de type 2, les maladies cardiovasculaires et certains cancers. Près d’un Français sur deux est en surpoids, comme déjà près d’un quart des jeunes, si bien que de nombreux spécialistes prédisent une épidémie de diabète pour la prochaine génération. Nos plus jeunes enfants n’y échappent pas. Du sucre se retrouve désormais dans les préparations alimentaires du nourrisson. On habitue des enfants qui ne savent même pas parler à préférer le sucré ! On façonne leurs habitudes alimentaires avant même qu’ils ne puissent choisir.Si nous ne les encadrons pas, de telles méthodes produiront des générations entières d’individus aux comportements alimentaires délétères, au détriment de la santé publique. Nulle morale alimentaire dans mon propos. Je ne cherche pas à culpabiliser les parents mais à mettre au jour un enjeu de santé publique, de prévention et de protection des enfants. Un nourrisson ne décide pas ce qu’il mange ; ce sont les adultes, les industriels et les législateurs – nous ! – qui choisissent pour lui. La santé des enfants engage notre responsabilité.C’est pourquoi le groupe Socialistes et apparentés remercie M. le rapporteur et soutient cette proposition de loi, qui s’inscrit dans une longue lignée de travaux visant à améliorer l’alimentation, à protéger la santé et à sécuriser l’avenir de la nouvelle génération. Prendre soin des nourrissons d’aujourd’hui, c’est garantir la santé publique de demain – cela passe aussi par l’élaboration d’un budget de la sécurité sociale équilibré. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem. – M. Jacques Oberti applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 465,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046807",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 547,
   "annotation_id": "N98cf50a1fd00",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Personne n’aurait l’idée saugrenue de donner à son nourrisson une cigarette à fumer ; nous savons tous que ce produit est addictif et dangereux pour la santé. Pourtant, un nourrisson peut parfois recevoir dès ses premières préparations alimentaires une substance tout aussi addictive : le sucre. Ces produits ont en commun d’activer le circuit de la récompense et de libérer la dopamine, qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la motivation et la désirabilité : elle amplifie le plaisir et renforce l’envie de consommer le produit de nouveau. Ainsi s’enclenche le cycle infernal de l’addiction, délétère pour la santé. Les taux de dopamine augmentent fortement lorsque l’on consomme de l’alcool ou de la nicotine ; il en va de même lorsque l’on consomme du sucre. S’active le même circuit de récompense : plus nous en consommons, plus nous en avons envie et plus nous en achetons.La nourriture qu’on nous donne à consommer est conçue pour être irrésistible. Ce n’est pas un hasard si, depuis le XIXe siècle, notre consommation de sucre n’a cessé de croître, jusqu’à s’imposer massivement dans notre alimentation quotidienne. Et je n’évoquerai pas le scandale des sucres ajoutés en outre-mer, véritable fléau sanitaire. Notre dépendance n’aboutit pas seulement à une plus grande consommation de produits mauvais pour la santé, elle fait aussi du sucre un produit de moins en moins cher – il s’agit bien d’un cycle infernal. Que le sucre soit une matière première très bon marché explique son omniprésence dans les plats préparés, les sauces, les yaourts, les céréales ; et désormais dans l’ensemble des aliments destinés aux nourrissons. Le sucre reconfigure nos palais tout en générant d’importants profits, avec d’immenses conséquences sanitaires : oui, on meurt de la surconsommation de sucre.Le sucre favorise le surpoids, l’obésité et les maladies associées, telles que le diabète de type 2, les maladies cardiovasculaires et certains cancers. Près d’un Français sur deux est en surpoids, comme déjà près d’un quart des jeunes, si bien que de nombreux spécialistes prédisent une épidémie de diabète pour la prochaine génération. Nos plus jeunes enfants n’y échappent pas. Du sucre se retrouve désormais dans les préparations alimentaires du nourrisson. On habitue des enfants qui ne savent même pas parler à préférer le sucré ! On façonne leurs habitudes alimentaires avant même qu’ils ne puissent choisir.Si nous ne les encadrons pas, de telles méthodes produiront des générations entières d’individus aux comportements alimentaires délétères, au détriment de la santé publique. Nulle morale alimentaire dans mon propos. Je ne cherche pas à culpabiliser les parents mais à mettre au jour un enjeu de santé publique, de prévention et de protection des enfants. Un nourrisson ne décide pas ce qu’il mange ; ce sont les adultes, les industriels et les législateurs – nous ! – qui choisissent pour lui. La santé des enfants engage notre responsabilité.C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] remercie M. le rapporteur et soutient cette proposition de loi, qui s’inscrit dans une longue lignée de travaux visant à améliorer l’alimentation, à protéger la santé et à sécuriser l’avenir de la nouvelle génération. Prendre soin des nourrissons d’aujourd’hui, c’est garantir la santé publique de demain – cela passe aussi par l’élaboration d’un budget de la sécurité sociale équilibré. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046813",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046813"
   ],
   "order": 471,
   "text": "La santé de nos enfants mérite mieux que des demi-mesures et surtout mieux que l’indifférence qui a trop longtemps régné, car la réalité est là : 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids, 6 % souffrent d’obésité et les trois quarts dépassent déjà les apports journaliers en sucre recommandés. Certains médecins soulignent même qu’un enfant de 8 ans aurait ingéré la totalité du sucre consommé par son grand-père durant toute sa vie.Nous ne sommes pas ici pour élaborer une nouvelle norme sanitaire, mais pour garantir aux enfants une protection en traçant une frontière entre leur intérêt et les stratégies commerciales qui capturent leur santé dès le berceau, en créant une habituation au sucre pouvant aller jusqu’à l’addiction – le terme est utilisé par des chercheurs.Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation des nourrissons est une première mesure, un acte de responsabilité nécessaire. Il aurait toutefois été plus juste d’aller au bout de la logique. Exclure du texte les laits infantiles et faire l’impasse sur le marketing alimentaire – tandis que le Royaume-Uni vient d’interdire la publicité ciblée sur les mineurs pour les produits sucrés, gras et salés –, c’est laisser subsister des failles que les industriels ne manqueront pas d’exploiter. Face à un enjeu de santé publique d’une telle ampleur, on ne peut pas se satisfaire d’un cadre minimal.Nous le regrettons d’autant plus que nous avons déposé une proposition de loi – pour une génération sans sucre – beaucoup plus ambitieuse, qui traitait non seulement de l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés pour les enfants de moins de 3 ans, mais également du problème du marketing à destination des mineurs ; elle allait beaucoup plus loin sur le plan de la prévention et de la protection de ces derniers. Alors même que le texte avait réuni toutes les conditions pour être mis à l’ordre du jour d’une semaine transpartisane, certains groupes, représentés ici, l’ont bloqué au profit de la présente proposition de loi, moins-disante puisqu’elle laisse aussi de côté, outre, je l’ai dit, le marketing et le lait infantile – facteur d’habituation très important du palais au sucre –, les aliments ultra-transformés.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 471,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046813",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 349,
   "annotation_id": "N9cc838a5b69a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La santé de nos enfants mérite mieux que des demi-mesures et surtout mieux que l’indifférence qui a trop longtemps régné, car la réalité est là : 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids, 6 % souffrent d’obésité et les trois quarts dépassent déjà les apports journaliers en sucre recommandés. Certains médecins soulignent même qu’un enfant de 8 ans aurait ingéré la totalité du sucre consommé par son grand-père durant toute sa vie.Nous ne sommes pas ici pour élaborer une nouvelle norme sanitaire, mais pour garantir aux enfants une protection en traçant une frontière entre leur intérêt et les stratégies commerciales qui capturent leur santé dès le berceau, en créant une habituation au sucre pouvant aller jusqu’à l’addiction – le terme est utilisé par des chercheurs.Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation des nourrissons est une première mesure, un acte de responsabilité nécessaire. Il aurait toutefois été plus juste d’aller au bout de la logique. Exclure du texte les laits infantiles et faire l’impasse sur le marketing alimentaire – tandis que le Royaume-Uni vient d’interdire la publicité ciblée sur les mineurs pour les produits sucrés, gras et salés –, c’est laisser subsister des failles que les industriels ne manqueront pas d’exploiter. Face à un enjeu de santé publique d’une telle ampleur, on ne peut pas se satisfaire d’un cadre minimal.Nous le regrettons d’autant plus que nous avons déposé une proposition de loi – pour une génération sans sucre – beaucoup plus ambitieuse, qui traitait non seulement de l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés pour les enfants de moins de 3 ans, mais également du problème du marketing à destination des mineurs ; elle allait beaucoup plus loin sur le plan de la prévention et de la protection de ces derniers. Alors même que le texte avait réuni toutes les conditions pour être mis à l’ordre du jour d’une semaine transpartisane, certains groupes, représentés ici, l’ont bloqué au profit de la présente proposition de loi, moins-disante puisqu’elle laisse aussi de côté, outre, je l’ai dit, le marketing et le lait infantile – facteur d’habituation très important du palais au sucre –, les aliments ultra-transformés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046818",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046818"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "Pourtant, comme nous l’avons fait en commission, nous choisissons d’avancer, car jeter ce texte au motif qu’il n’est pas parfait serait tout aussi inélégant que de nier l’urgence sanitaire à laquelle nous faisons face. Ce texte est un timide premier pas et ne doit certainement pas être le dernier. Notre responsabilité est claire : nous devons construire un environnement alimentaire qui protège réellement les enfants, qui rompe avec la banalisation du sucre et qui mette enfin la puissance publique du côté de la santé plutôt que des intérêts économiques.C’est avec cette hauteur de vue et dans un esprit d’exigence et de responsabilité que le groupe Écologiste et social votera la proposition de loi. Nous aurions aimé, chers collègues du centre, que vous fassiez de même pour le texte que nous avions proposé (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et LFI-NFP) et que vous vous gardiez de cette obstruction parlementaire qui a empêché sa discussion en séance lors de notre journée de niche. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 476,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046818",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 170,
   "annotation_id": "Ned6ab52b720c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pourtant, comme nous l’avons fait en commission, nous choisissons d’avancer, car jeter ce texte au motif qu’il n’est pas parfait serait tout aussi inélégant que de nier l’urgence sanitaire à laquelle nous faisons face. Ce texte est un timide premier pas et ne doit certainement pas être le dernier. Notre responsabilité est claire : nous devons construire un environnement alimentaire qui protège réellement les enfants, qui rompe avec la banalisation du sucre et qui mette enfin la puissance publique du côté de la santé plutôt que des intérêts économiques.C’est avec cette hauteur de vue et dans un esprit d’exigence et de responsabilité que le groupe [GROUPE] votera la proposition de loi. Nous aurions aimé, chers collègues du centre, que vous fassiez de même pour le texte que nous avions proposé (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]) et que vous vous gardiez de cette obstruction parlementaire qui a empêché sa discussion en séance lors de notre journée de niche. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046821",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046821"
   ],
   "order": 479,
   "text": "Respecter le travail des parlementaires, c’est aussi respecter les textes qu’ils déposent. Lorsqu’il est question de nos enfants et de santé publique, l’intérêt supérieur doit toujours prévaloir sur les postures et l’obstruction. (M. Pierre Pribetich applaudit.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 479,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046821",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N91b8c61e05be",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Respecter le travail des parlementaires, c’est aussi respecter les textes qu’ils déposent. Lorsqu’il est question de nos enfants et de santé publique, l’intérêt supérieur doit toujours prévaloir sur les postures et l’obstruction. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046823",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046823"
   ],
   "order": 481,
   "text": "Non, je ne fais pas obstruction au débat, j’explique les raisons de notre soutien au texte ! Le groupe Écologiste et social votera en sa faveur, car l’intérêt supérieur doit toujours l’emporter sur l’ego des uns et des autres. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 481,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046823",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N27477e2056d1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Non, je ne fais pas obstruction au débat, j’explique les raisons de notre soutien au texte ! Le groupe [GROUPE] votera en sa faveur, car l’intérêt supérieur doit toujours l’emporter sur l’ego des uns et des autres. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046879",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046879"
   ],
   "order": 487,
   "text": "J’irai très vite. L’interdiction absolue prévue par l’article ne tient pas compte des contraintes nutritionnelles et technologiques propres à certaines catégories de produits destinés aux jeunes enfants. C’est pourquoi cet amendement tend à renvoyer à un décret la fixation d’un seuil maximal, fondé sur une expertise scientifique, afin d’assurer une régulation proportionnée conciliant l’objectif de santé publique avec les réalités nutritionnelles et industrielles.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "18",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 487,
   "amendments": [
    "18"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046879",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "N8edabd36cc55",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "J’irai très vite. L’interdiction absolue prévue par l’article ne tient pas compte des contraintes nutritionnelles et technologiques propres à certaines catégories de produits destinés aux jeunes enfants. C’est pourquoi cet amendement tend à renvoyer à un décret la fixation d’un seuil maximal, fondé sur une expertise scientifique, afin d’assurer une régulation proportionnée conciliant l’objectif de santé publique avec les réalités nutritionnelles et industrielles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046905",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046905"
   ],
   "order": 513,
   "text": "Il tend à augmenter le montant de l’amende passible en cas de manquement en la faisant passer à 300 000 euros au lieu de 30 000 euros. Pour l’agro-industrie, 30 000 euros, c’est de l’argent de poche ! C’est à peine si on apercevra ce montant dans le compte de pertes et de profits. Si l’on veut vraiment que les comportements des agro-industriels changent et qu’ils prennent ce sujet au sérieux, il est nécessaire de fixer le montant maximal de l’amende à un niveau dissuasif.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "8",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 513,
   "amendments": [
    "8"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046905",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Nbabe9ac6fab5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il tend à augmenter le montant de l’amende passible en cas de manquement en la faisant passer à 300 000 euros au lieu de 30 000 euros. Pour l’agro-industrie, 30 000 euros, c’est de l’argent de poche ! C’est à peine si on apercevra ce montant dans le compte de pertes et de profits. Si l’on veut vraiment que les comportements des agro-industriels changent et qu’ils prennent ce sujet au sérieux, il est nécessaire de fixer le montant maximal de l’amende à un niveau dissuasif."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046911",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046911"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "Il vise à ce que le taux de 5 % du chiffre d’affaires constitue un plancher, plutôt qu’un plafond, de l’amende fixée par l’article en cas de manquement. Une fois encore, il s’agit d’inciter réellement les industriels à ne pas ignorer la loi, afin de préserver la santé de nos enfants.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "9",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 519,
   "amendments": [
    "9"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046911",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N479d6cb7d78b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à ce que le taux de 5 % du chiffre d’affaires constitue un plancher, plutôt qu’un plafond, de l’amende fixée par l’article en cas de manquement. Une fois encore, il s’agit d’inciter réellement les industriels à ne pas ignorer la loi, afin de préserver la santé de nos enfants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046913",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046913"
   ],
   "order": 521,
   "text": "Je le répète : le code de la consommation prévoit déjà une peine allant jusqu’à trois ans d’emprisonnement, ce qui apparaît plus sévère qu’une amende, quel qu’en soit le montant. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 521,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046913",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "Nb7f29f965fb9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je le répète : le code de la consommation prévoit déjà une peine allant jusqu’à trois ans d’emprisonnement, ce qui apparaît plus sévère qu’une amende, quel qu’en soit le montant. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046916",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046916"
   ],
   "order": 524,
   "text": "Il vise à porter le montant maximum de l’amende à 10 % – au lieu de 5 % – du chiffre d’affaires réalisé sur les produits concernés. Effectivement, monsieur Isaac-Sibille, une peine d’emprisonnement est déjà prévue par le code de la consommation. Cependant, ce n’est que lorsqu’on s’attaque à leur porte-monnaie que les agro-industries commencent vraiment à réagir – comme nous l’avons vu avec les sucres dans les sodas : la sanction financière a fonctionné.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "10",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 524,
   "amendments": [
    "10"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046916",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N4cff5b5e0665",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à porter le montant maximum de l’amende à 10 % – au lieu de 5 % – du chiffre d’affaires réalisé sur les produits concernés. Effectivement, monsieur Isaac-Sibille, une peine d’emprisonnement est déjà prévue par le code de la consommation. Cependant, ce n’est que lorsqu’on s’attaque à leur porte-monnaie que les agro-industries commencent vraiment à réagir – comme nous l’avons vu avec les sucres dans les sodas : la sanction financière a fonctionné."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046929",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046929"
   ],
   "order": 537,
   "text": "Même réponse que précédemment : la législation prévoit déjà qu’en cas de non-respect de l’interdiction, le montant de l’amende puisse être porté à 10 % du chiffre d’affaires ou à 100 millions d’euros. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 537,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046929",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N3ae4c5627083",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Même réponse que précédemment : la législation prévoit déjà qu’en cas de non-respect de l’interdiction, le montant de l’amende puisse être porté à 10 % du chiffre d’affaires ou à 100 millions d’euros. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046932",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046932"
   ],
   "order": 540,
   "text": "Il vise à permettre que lorsqu’un industriel est pris la main dans le sac pour avoir contourné l’interdiction d’ajouter du sucre, cette information soit rendue publique. C’est la pratique du name and shame : elle permettra aux gens de savoir que certains industriels se moquent de leur santé et qu’ils essaient de rendre leurs enfants addicts au sucre, malgré l’interdiction que nous sommes en passe de voter.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "7",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 540,
   "amendments": [
    "7"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046932",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "N8cc2aee133fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à permettre que lorsqu’un industriel est pris la main dans le sac pour avoir contourné l’interdiction d’ajouter du sucre, cette information soit rendue publique. C’est la pratique du name and shame : elle permettra aux gens de savoir que certains industriels se moquent de leur santé et qu’ils essaient de rendre leurs enfants addicts au sucre, malgré l’interdiction que nous sommes en passe de voter."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046938",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046938"
   ],
   "order": 546,
   "text": "J’entends l’argument du rapporteur : la possibilité existe déjà. Cependant, nous ne pouvons pas nous contenter du volontariat des entreprises et des agro-industries en matière de santé publique : tant qu’elles ne sont pas soumises à une obligation, cela ne fonctionne pas. Lorsqu’une entreprise ne respecte pas la loi – qu’elle dépasse le taux de sucre réglementaire et ajoute du sucre dans l’alimentation de nos enfants, alors que nous connaissons les ravages qu’il produit sur leur santé –, elle ne doit pas pouvoir passer entre les mailles du filet.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 546,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046938",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "N7954370e710e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’entends l’argument du rapporteur : la possibilité existe déjà. Cependant, nous ne pouvons pas nous contenter du volontariat des entreprises et des agro-industries en matière de santé publique : tant qu’elles ne sont pas soumises à une obligation, cela ne fonctionne pas. Lorsqu’une entreprise ne respecte pas la loi – qu’elle dépasse le taux de sucre réglementaire et ajoute du sucre dans l’alimentation de nos enfants, alors que nous connaissons les ravages qu’il produit sur leur santé –, elle ne doit pas pouvoir passer entre les mailles du filet."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046941",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046941"
   ],
   "order": 549,
   "text": "Il vise à subordonner le bénéfice des exonérations de cotisations sociales au respect du présent texte. En effet, ces cotisations assurent la participation des entreprises au financement de la sécurité sociale, donc de la santé. Je ne comprendrais pas qu’on puisse s’opposer à un tel amendement. Nous aurions alors des industriels qui ne respectent pas la loi, sont pris la main dans le pot de confiture et condamnés pour cela, mais continuent de bénéficier d’exonérations de cotisations sociales, celles-là mêmes qui permettent de soigner les gens que ces industriels ont rendus malades. Cet amendement relève du bon sens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "11",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 549,
   "amendments": [
    "11"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046941",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 105,
   "annotation_id": "N5eeb04dcf664",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à subordonner le bénéfice des exonérations de cotisations sociales au respect du présent texte. En effet, ces cotisations assurent la participation des entreprises au financement de la sécurité sociale, donc de la santé. Je ne comprendrais pas qu’on puisse s’opposer à un tel amendement. Nous aurions alors des industriels qui ne respectent pas la loi, sont pris la main dans le pot de confiture et condamnés pour cela, mais continuent de bénéficier d’exonérations de cotisations sociales, celles-là mêmes qui permettent de soigner les gens que ces industriels ont rendus malades. Cet amendement relève du bon sens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046943",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046943"
   ],
   "order": 551,
   "text": "Lorsqu’un industriel est pris la main dans le sac – ou dans le pot de confiture, comme vous dites –, il risque de deux à sept ans de prison. Cette sanction me paraît suffisamment dissuasive. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 551,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046943",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Ne77c740b1c93",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsqu’un industriel est pris la main dans le sac – ou dans le pot de confiture, comme vous dites –, il risque de deux à sept ans de prison. Cette sanction me paraît suffisamment dissuasive. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841251",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Feld",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Feld",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046953",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046953"
   ],
   "order": 561,
   "text": "Concernant l’amendement présenté par Mme Amiot, je trouve également hallucinant qu’on se permette d’y répondre comme vous le faites, monsieur le rapporteur, sans vous lever, si bien que vous nous tournez le dos, ce qui ne facilite pas la compréhension de vos arguments.",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 561,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046953",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N972deffe9c67",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Concernant l’amendement présenté par Mme Amiot, je trouve également hallucinant qu’on se permette d’y répondre comme vous le faites, monsieur le rapporteur, sans vous lever, si bien que vous nous tournez le dos, ce qui ne facilite pas la compréhension de vos arguments."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841251",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Feld",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Feld",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046955",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046955"
   ],
   "order": 563,
   "text": "Dire qu’on peut encore exonérer de cotisations sociales des entreprises qui enfreignent la loi, mais dans quel monde vit-on ? Cette absence de débat sur des questions aussi essentielles est proprement stupéfiante. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 563,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046955",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N8c197d829a34",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dire qu’on peut encore exonérer de cotisations sociales des entreprises qui enfreignent la loi, mais dans quel monde vit-on ? Cette absence de débat sur des questions aussi essentielles est proprement stupéfiante. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046964",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046964"
   ],
   "order": 572,
   "text": "Il vise à avancer d’un an l’entrée en vigueur du texte – c’est dire à quel point nous le soutenons. Il faut que l’interdiction du sucre à destination des plus jeunes soit appliquée très rapidement.Entendez-le bien : ce que nous sommes en train de faire est, effectivement, hallucinant. (Murmures sur les bancs du groupe Dem.) Rassurez-vous, il reste trois minutes, le texte sera adopté !",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "12",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 572,
   "amendments": [
    "12"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046964",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N485fbfe3999a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à avancer d’un an l’entrée en vigueur du texte – c’est dire à quel point nous le soutenons. Il faut que l’interdiction du sucre à destination des plus jeunes soit appliquée très rapidement.Entendez-le bien : ce que nous sommes en train de faire est, effectivement, hallucinant. (Murmures sur les bancs du groupe Dem.) Rassurez-vous, il reste trois minutes, le texte sera adopté !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046967",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046967"
   ],
   "order": 575,
   "text": "Nous aurions dû avoir un débat et nous aurions pu l’avoir il y a six semaines, dans le cadre de la journée réservée du groupe Écologiste et social, qui présentait un texte de bien meilleure qualité. (M. Erwan Balanant s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Discussion des articles / Article unique / ",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "12",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 2527)",
   "last_order": 575,
   "amendments": [
    "12"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046967",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N8c648a94691c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous aurions dû avoir un débat et nous aurions pu l’avoir il y a six semaines, dans le cadre de la journée réservée du groupe [GROUPE], qui présentait un texte de bien meilleure qualité. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183",
   "date": "2026-03-26",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30405",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 26 mars 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183.xml",
   "source_sha256": "45c88750647eb87dd3c7bc2e3034bfd9f56b3cfb856a73d581ff82cf551cb554",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719938",
   "speaker": "Marc Fesneau",
   "quality": "M. Marc Fesneau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046977",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4046977"
   ],
   "order": 585,
   "text": "Je tiens à saluer l’ensemble des rapporteurs du groupe Les Démocrates ainsi que l’ensemble des collègues des autres groupes, qui ont été présents et ont permis que ces textes soient adoptés parfois dans des conditions particulières – surtout le dernier, qui a demandé un grand effort à certains ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)Je tiens également à saluer l’administration de l’Assemblée nationale qui a travaillé à nos côtés – de nombreux textes figuraient aujourd’hui à l’ordre du jour – ainsi que l’ensemble des agents. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et SOC.)",
   "top": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge / Vote sur l’article unique",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "4046827",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 585,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N183-4046977",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "words": 95,
   "annotation_id": "Na4bc2722e02f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à saluer l’ensemble des rapporteurs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que l’ensemble des collègues des autres groupes, qui ont été présents et ont permis que ces textes soient adoptés parfois dans des conditions particulières – surtout le dernier, qui a demandé un grand effort à certains ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)Je tiens également à saluer l’administration de l’Assemblée nationale qui a travaillé à nos côtés – de nombreux textes figuraient aujourd’hui à l’ordre du jour – ainsi que l’ensemble des agents. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025",
   "date": "2024-10-29",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28625",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 29 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9759d1c707dcd4b7069f14b0a28bf041bd1002e81f667b78b1593083ece51704",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3540266"
   ],
   "order": 197,
   "text": "Ma question s’adresse à Mme la ministre de la santé et de l’accès aux soins. Notre système de protection sociale semble avoir atteint ses limites : les dépenses de santé ne cessent d’augmenter, les comptes publics se creusent, les établissements de santé sont saturés et surtout – j’insiste – la santé de nos concitoyens ne s’améliore pas. En 1980, 3 millions de nos concitoyens étaient pris en charge pour une affection de longue durée ; aujourd’hui, ils sont 13 millions.Cela témoigne de l’échec de notre politique de santé publique. Au lieu de prévenir les maladies évitables, nous soignons les conséquences de ces maladies chroniques. Ce modèle de production de soins toujours plus nombreux et coûteux n’est aujourd’hui plus soutenable ni durable. Comme nous avons su, depuis soixante-dix ans, produire des soins, nous devons maintenant investir pour produire de la prévention en santé.Cela suppose une réforme ambitieuse, structurelle, avec des priorités précises, un portage interministériel et un investissement massif pour permettre à nos concitoyens, dès le plus jeune âge et tout au long de la vie, d’acquérir une culture en matière de santé – je pense notamment aux personnes les plus éloignées de ces enjeux, souvent les ménages les plus modestes. De telles mesures peuvent être prises rapidement.Une des causes des pathologies chroniques et de l’obésité est notre alimentation.",
   "top": "Questions au Gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au Gouvernement / Politique de santé et alimentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 197,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540266",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 218,
   "annotation_id": "Nb8fbb73ebc2a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ma question s’adresse à Mme la ministre de la santé et de l’accès aux soins. Notre système de protection sociale semble avoir atteint ses limites : les dépenses de santé ne cessent d’augmenter, les comptes publics se creusent, les établissements de santé sont saturés et surtout – j’insiste – la santé de nos concitoyens ne s’améliore pas. En 1980, 3 millions de nos concitoyens étaient pris en charge pour une affection de longue durée ; aujourd’hui, ils sont 13 millions.Cela témoigne de l’échec de notre politique de santé publique. Au lieu de prévenir les maladies évitables, nous soignons les conséquences de ces maladies chroniques. Ce modèle de production de soins toujours plus nombreux et coûteux n’est aujourd’hui plus soutenable ni durable. Comme nous avons su, depuis soixante-dix ans, produire des soins, nous devons maintenant investir pour produire de la prévention en santé.Cela suppose une réforme ambitieuse, structurelle, avec des priorités précises, un portage interministériel et un investissement massif pour permettre à nos concitoyens, dès le plus jeune âge et tout au long de la vie, d’acquérir une culture en matière de santé – je pense notamment aux personnes les plus éloignées de ces enjeux, souvent les ménages les plus modestes. De telles mesures peuvent être prises rapidement.Une des causes des pathologies chroniques et de l’obésité est notre alimentation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025",
   "date": "2024-10-29",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28625",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 29 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9759d1c707dcd4b7069f14b0a28bf041bd1002e81f667b78b1593083ece51704",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540271",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3540271"
   ],
   "order": 202,
   "text": "Les produits sucrés et ultratransformés représentent désormais 11 % du panier alimentaire français, contre 8 % en 1990 et 6 % en 1960. Depuis plusieurs examens budgétaires, notre assemblée propose une fiscalité incitative, visant les industriels, pour améliorer la qualité de notre alimentation, ce qui passe notamment par une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés, défendue de longue date par le groupe Démocrates pour réorienter notre consommation vers des boissons sucrées et des aliments de meilleure qualité.",
   "top": "Questions au Gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au Gouvernement / Politique de santé et alimentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 202,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540271",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N37a82a674842",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les produits sucrés et ultratransformés représentent désormais 11 % du panier alimentaire français, contre 8 % en 1990 et 6 % en 1960. Depuis plusieurs examens budgétaires, notre assemblée propose une fiscalité incitative, visant les industriels, pour améliorer la qualité de notre alimentation, ce qui passe notamment par une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés, défendue de longue date par le groupe Démocrates pour réorienter notre consommation vers des boissons sucrées et des aliments de meilleure qualité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025",
   "date": "2024-10-29",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28625",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 29 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9759d1c707dcd4b7069f14b0a28bf041bd1002e81f667b78b1593083ece51704",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé et de l’accès aux soins",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540278",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3540278"
   ],
   "order": 208,
   "text": "Je veux tout d’abord, monsieur le député, saluer votre engagement sur les questions de prévention, votre prise en considération des déterminants de santé et votre combat contre des éléments qui sont à portée de tous et dégradent la santé.Je partage votre point de vue : la prévention est plus fondamentale que jamais, une politique structurée et interministérielle est absolument nécessaire en la matière.",
   "top": "Questions au Gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au Gouvernement / Politique de santé et alimentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 208,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540278",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "N46a34a55aee4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux tout d’abord, monsieur le député, saluer votre engagement sur les questions de prévention, votre prise en considération des déterminants de santé et votre combat contre des éléments qui sont à portée de tous et dégradent la santé.Je partage votre point de vue : la prévention est plus fondamentale que jamais, une politique structurée et interministérielle est absolument nécessaire en la matière."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025",
   "date": "2024-10-29",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28625",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 29 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9759d1c707dcd4b7069f14b0a28bf041bd1002e81f667b78b1593083ece51704",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540281",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3540281"
   ],
   "order": 211,
   "text": "Si j’ai bien compris votre question, vous proposez des amendements relatifs aux taxes sur les sucres. Sur tous les bancs de l’Assemblée, chacun sera d’accord pour dire que le sucre, lorsqu’il est consommé en trop grande quantité, est un poison. Il génère de l’obésité mais aussi toutes les maladies associées, par exemple le diabète de type 2, entre autres maladies qui ont un coût humain élevé – le coût le plus important à mes yeux – mais aussi un coût pour notre santé publique et les équilibres financiers. Nous devons donc travailler sur ces questions.Je souscris à votre proposition consistant à modifier la taxation sur les sodas pour la rendre plus simple et contraignante pour les industriels. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)En revanche, s’agissant de l’ensemble des acteurs de l’industrie agroalimentaire, plutôt que de taxer de façon systématique,…",
   "top": "Questions au Gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au Gouvernement / Politique de santé et alimentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 211,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N025-3540281",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 140,
   "annotation_id": "N0ab59384e8ed",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si j’ai bien compris votre question, vous proposez des amendements relatifs aux taxes sur les sucres. Sur tous les bancs de l’Assemblée, chacun sera d’accord pour dire que le sucre, lorsqu’il est consommé en trop grande quantité, est un poison. Il génère de l’obésité mais aussi toutes les maladies associées, par exemple le diabète de type 2, entre autres maladies qui ont un coût humain élevé – le coût le plus important à mes yeux – mais aussi un coût pour notre santé publique et les équilibres financiers. Nous devons donc travailler sur ces questions.Je souscris à votre proposition consistant à modifier la taxation sur les sodas pour la rendre plus simple et contraignante pour les industriels. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)En revanche, s’agissant de l’ensemble des acteurs de l’industrie agroalimentaire, plutôt que de taxer de façon systématique,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694597",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694597"
   ],
   "order": 10,
   "text": "Nous traitons d’un sujet majeur : l’accès aux soins. À l’heure où nous parlons, 7 millions de personnes, soit plus de 10 % de la population, n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Il s’agit de la priorité des Français, tous les sondages le démontrent. Qui ici peut soutenir qu’il n’a pas été sensibilisé par les habitants de sa circonscription, venus lui dire qu’ils rencontraient des difficultés, que les urgences étaient toujours plus encombrées, et cela bien que des sommes considérables – plus de 40 milliards d’euros en cinq ans – aient été mises sur la table pour améliorer le fonctionnement du système de soins ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 10,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694597",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "N20988899b745",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous traitons d’un sujet majeur : l’accès aux soins. À l’heure où nous parlons, 7 millions de personnes, soit plus de 10 % de la population, n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Il s’agit de la priorité des Français, tous les sondages le démontrent. Qui ici peut soutenir qu’il n’a pas été sensibilisé par les habitants de sa circonscription, venus lui dire qu’ils rencontraient des difficultés, que les urgences étaient toujours plus encombrées, et cela bien que des sommes considérables – plus de 40 milliards d’euros en cinq ans – aient été mises sur la table pour améliorer le fonctionnement du système de soins ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694599",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694599"
   ],
   "order": 12,
   "text": "Pourtant, des choses ont été faites. Le numerus clausus est devenu un numerus apertus. Vous l’avez rappelé, monsieur le ministre : en 2001, 3 500 médecins étaient formés ; ils sont 12 000 cette année. On a procédé à des délégations de tâches, c’est-à-dire confié des responsabilités normalement dévolues aux médecins à d’autres professionnels de santé. Cela n’a pas été simple. On a attendu longtemps les décrets d’application.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 12,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694599",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Neb52874d3665",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pourtant, des choses ont été faites. Le numerus clausus est devenu un numerus apertus. Vous l’avez rappelé, monsieur le ministre : en 2001, 3 500 médecins étaient formés ; ils sont 12 000 cette année. On a procédé à des délégations de tâches, c’est-à-dire confié des responsabilités normalement dévolues aux médecins à d’autres professionnels de santé. Cela n’a pas été simple. On a attendu longtemps les décrets d’application."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694601",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 14,
   "text": "Des parlementaires se sont impliqués dans d’autres textes, notamment ceux concernant les IPA, les infirmiers en pratique avancée, les infirmières Asalée – Action de santé libérale en équipe – ou les orthophonistes, avec l’examen du texte de notre collègue du groupe Horizons en commission la semaine dernière. Partout, on dresse le même constat.Des CPTS, des communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé, ont été créées ; elles permettent de faire travailler ensemble les professionnels. On a lancé un système d’accès aux soins, la PAIS, la plateforme alternative d’innovation en santé – je vous invite à le découvrir ; j’étais d’ailleurs encore dans le Loir-et-Cher vendredi après-midi. Il y a eu des accompagnements fiscaux – je regarde Jean-Paul Mattei, dont on connaît l’expertise sur le sujet. La Cour des comptes a été très incisive à ce propos, en se demandant si cet argent avait été bien dépensé.Malgré tout cela, Guillaume Garot l’a souligné, les disparités se sont aggravées. Pire encore, moins de 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent. On s’inscrit en secteur 2 plutôt qu’en secteur 1. Et je ne parle pas de la financiarisation de la médecine, qui est un désastre dont on subira les conséquences dans les prochaines années.Depuis de longues années, nous essayons modestement de travailler. Je suis pour ma part un multirécidiviste : c’est la cinquième fois que je dépose un texte sur le sujet – mais quand on est parlementaire, il faut savoir plusieurs fois sur le métier remettre l’ouvrage, n’est-ce pas, cher Thierry Benoit ? Nous avons donc élaboré un texte simple, à l’issue d’un tour de France et d’un travail transpartisan, où chacun s’est mis à l’écoute de l’autre, où chacun a fait un pas vers l’autre – M. le ministre aussi, et je le remercie d’avancer avec nous : les anciens ministres qui sont présents dans cette enceinte savent qu’il n’est pas facile d’être au rendez-vous, de faire preuve de courage et de remettre en cause certaines antiennes et des positions figées.À commencer par les discours relatifs à la profession médicale. Guillaume Garot l’a souligné : nombreuses sont les professions réglementées. Qui peut dire le contraire ? Celle de notaire l’est, de même que celle d’huissier de justice ou de commissaire-priseur. Connaissez-vous ce très beau film avec Delon, Le Guépard ? « Il faut que tout change pour que rien ne change. »Nous proposons pour notre part d’ouvrir modestement une porte, celle de la régulation. Nous savons tous qu’il existe des territoires sur-dotés : prenez votre smartphone, cherchez un rendez-vous dans certaines villes, vous verrez qu’on vous en proposera plusieurs pour le jour même. Quand une plaque est retirée, une autre prend sa place. Et ne nous faites pas croire que, dans ces territoires, la densité médicale va chuter : plus un moins un, ce sera toujours un jeu à somme nulle.D’aucuns crient à la coercition – ce fut votre cas tout à l’heure, monsieur le ministre. Je vous répondrai avec gravité. Un étudiant de médecine en première année est-il sûr d’accéder à la deuxième année ? Non. A-t-il le droit de redoubler ? Non. Avoir envie d’être médecin et ne pas le pouvoir parce qu’on n’a pas réussi sa première année : n’est-ce pas là la plus grande des coercitions ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.) Et les épreuves classantes nationales ! Vous savez, c’est ce qui a remplacé l’internat. Il n’existe pas pire. On y est classé du rang 1 au rang 10 000. Lorsqu’on est au rang 6 000, vous croyez vraiment qu’on va où l’on veut ? (M. Mickaël Cosson applaudit.)Il faut, avec les jeunes, trouver les voies et les moyens de remédier à la situation actuelle et les accompagner dans les territoires. (Mme Stéphanie Rist s’exclame.) Ils auront la liberté d’installation sur 87 % du territoire français, madame Rist !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 14,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694601",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 637,
   "annotation_id": "N0ee641edfcb0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Des parlementaires se sont impliqués dans d’autres textes, notamment ceux concernant les IPA, les infirmiers en pratique avancée, les infirmières Asalée – Action de santé libérale en équipe – ou les orthophonistes, avec l’examen du texte de notre collègue du groupe Horizons en commission la semaine dernière. Partout, on dresse le même constat.Des CPTS, des communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé, ont été créées ; elles permettent de faire travailler ensemble les professionnels. On a lancé un système d’accès aux soins, la PAIS, la plateforme alternative d’innovation en santé – je vous invite à le découvrir ; j’étais d’ailleurs encore dans le Loir-et-Cher vendredi après-midi. Il y a eu des accompagnements fiscaux – je regarde [PERSONNE], dont on connaît l’expertise sur le sujet. La Cour des comptes a été très incisive à ce propos, en se demandant si cet argent avait été bien dépensé.Malgré tout cela, [PERSONNE] l’a souligné, les disparités se sont aggravées. Pire encore, moins de 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent. On s’inscrit en secteur 2 plutôt qu’en secteur 1. Et je ne parle pas de la financiarisation de la médecine, qui est un désastre dont on subira les conséquences dans les prochaines années.Depuis de longues années, nous essayons modestement de travailler. Je suis pour ma part un multirécidiviste : c’est la cinquième fois que je dépose un texte sur le sujet – mais quand on est parlementaire, il faut savoir plusieurs fois sur le métier remettre l’ouvrage, n’est-ce pas, cher [PERSONNE] ? Nous avons donc élaboré un texte simple, à l’issue d’un tour de France et d’un travail transpartisan, où chacun s’est mis à l’écoute de l’autre, où chacun a fait un pas vers l’autre – M. le ministre aussi, et je le remercie d’avancer avec nous : les anciens ministres qui sont présents dans cette enceinte savent qu’il n’est pas facile d’être au rendez-vous, de faire preuve de courage et de remettre en cause certaines antiennes et des positions figées.À commencer par les discours relatifs à la profession médicale. [PERSONNE] l’a souligné : nombreuses sont les professions réglementées. Qui peut dire le contraire ? Celle de notaire l’est, de même que celle d’huissier de justice ou de commissaire-priseur. Connaissez-vous ce très beau film avec Delon, Le Guépard ? « Il faut que tout change pour que rien ne change. »Nous proposons pour notre part d’ouvrir modestement une porte, celle de la régulation. Nous savons tous qu’il existe des territoires sur-dotés : prenez votre smartphone, cherchez un rendez-vous dans certaines villes, vous verrez qu’on vous en proposera plusieurs pour le jour même. Quand une plaque est retirée, une autre prend sa place. Et ne nous faites pas croire que, dans ces territoires, la densité médicale va chuter : plus un moins un, ce sera toujours un jeu à somme nulle.D’aucuns crient à la coercition – ce fut votre cas tout à l’heure, monsieur le ministre. Je vous répondrai avec gravité. Un étudiant de médecine en première année est-il sûr d’accéder à la deuxième année ? Non. A-t-il le droit de redoubler ? Non. Avoir envie d’être médecin et ne pas le pouvoir parce qu’on n’a pas réussi sa première année : n’est-ce pas là la plus grande des coercitions ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Et les épreuves classantes nationales ! Vous savez, c’est ce qui a remplacé l’internat. Il n’existe pas pire. On y est classé du rang 1 au rang 10 000. Lorsqu’on est au rang 6 000, vous croyez vraiment qu’on va où l’on veut ? (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Il faut, avec les jeunes, trouver les voies et les moyens de remédier à la situation actuelle et les accompagner dans les territoires. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Ils auront la liberté d’installation sur 87 % du territoire français, madame Rist !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694610",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 23,
   "text": "Pour ma part, je ne les incite pas à aller s’inscrire dans des facultés à l’étranger, je n’encourage pas les formations en Roumanie, à Zagreb ou ailleurs. Cela reviendrait à un abandon. Ce serait un échec complet.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N8242c809bbc2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ma part, je ne les incite pas à aller s’inscrire dans des facultés à l’étranger, je n’encourage pas les formations en Roumanie, à Zagreb ou ailleurs. Cela reviendrait à un abandon. Ce serait un échec complet."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694612",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694612"
   ],
   "order": 25,
   "text": "Mes chers collègues, il est temps d’agir ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR, ainsi que sur certains bancs des groupes EPR et HOR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 25,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694612",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N50d1b53b3c6c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mes chers collègues, il est temps d’agir ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur certains bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694614",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 27,
   "text": "Nous voilà réunis pour évoquer une réalité qui ébranle la confiance de nos concitoyens dans l’égalité républicaine : les déserts médicaux. Derrière ce terme se jouent des vies. Il suscite de réelles inquiétudes.Le diagnostic est partagé sur tous les bancs : près de 87 % du territoire français est aujourd’hui considéré comme un désert médical. Je pense à nos aînés, qui peinent à trouver un ophtalmo pour surveiller leur vue ; à ces parents anxieux, qui doivent faire des dizaines de kilomètres pour faire soigner leur enfant fiévreux. La situation actuelle n’est pas tenable, ni pour les patients ni pour les soignants. Elle heurte de plein fouet ce que notre Constitution érige pourtant en principe, à savoir que « la nation garantit à tous […] la protection de la santé ».Face à cette urgence, notre devoir est d’agir avec lucidité, sans céder aux faux-semblants. Je tiens à dire, au nom du groupe Horizons & indépendants, que nous entendons la colère et le sentiment d’abandon des habitants des territoires sous-dotés et qu’à plusieurs reprises, nous avons agi concrètement ici pour tenter d’améliorer leur quotidien.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 27,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694614",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 183,
   "annotation_id": "N8d93aba7615f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voilà réunis pour évoquer une réalité qui ébranle la confiance de nos concitoyens dans l’égalité républicaine : les déserts médicaux. Derrière ce terme se jouent des vies. Il suscite de réelles inquiétudes.Le diagnostic est partagé sur tous les bancs : près de 87 % du territoire français est aujourd’hui considéré comme un désert médical. Je pense à nos aînés, qui peinent à trouver un ophtalmo pour surveiller leur vue ; à ces parents anxieux, qui doivent faire des dizaines de kilomètres pour faire soigner leur enfant fiévreux. La situation actuelle n’est pas tenable, ni pour les patients ni pour les soignants. Elle heurte de plein fouet ce que notre Constitution érige pourtant en principe, à savoir que « la nation garantit à tous […] la protection de la santé ».Face à cette urgence, notre devoir est d’agir avec lucidité, sans céder aux faux-semblants. Je tiens à dire, au nom du groupe [GROUPE], que nous entendons la colère et le sentiment d’abandon des habitants des territoires sous-dotés et qu’à plusieurs reprises, nous avons agi concrètement ici pour tenter d’améliorer leur quotidien."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694618",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694618"
   ],
   "order": 31,
   "text": "La réponse dont nous débattons aujourd’hui ne vise pas seulement à geler la situation dans les territoires pour limiter toute dégradation supplémentaire de l’accès aux soins ; elle touche également à un autre principe fondamental de notre système de santé, la liberté d’installation des médecins. (Mme Béatrice Bellamy, Mme Stéphanie Rist et M. Jean-François Rousset applaudissent.)Depuis des décennies, notre pays fait confiance aux professionnels de santé pour le choix de leur lieu d’exercice, et mise sur l’incitation plutôt que sur la contrainte administrative. Cette liberté d’installation n’est pas un privilège corporatiste ; elle était jusqu’ici considérée comme le gage d’un exercice libéral dynamique et d’un maintien des vocations.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 31,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694618",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "Ne021013fc13c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La réponse dont nous débattons aujourd’hui ne vise pas seulement à geler la situation dans les territoires pour limiter toute dégradation supplémentaire de l’accès aux soins ; elle touche également à un autre principe fondamental de notre système de santé, la liberté d’installation des médecins. (Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)Depuis des décennies, notre pays fait confiance aux professionnels de santé pour le choix de leur lieu d’exercice, et mise sur l’incitation plutôt que sur la contrainte administrative. Cette liberté d’installation n’est pas un privilège corporatiste ; elle était jusqu’ici considérée comme le gage d’un exercice libéral dynamique et d’un maintien des vocations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694621",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 34,
   "text": "Ces deux exigences – la liberté des médecins et l’égalité d’accès aux soins des patients – peuvent être conciliées intelligemment ; c’est ce qu’ont cherché à faire jusqu’à présent le législateur et le gouvernement.Ces dernières années, plusieurs réformes importantes ont été engagées afin de s’attaquer à la racine du problème : la suppression du numerus clausus ; l’élargissement de l’accès direct à certains spécialistes grâce à la loi Rist 2 de 2023 ; l’incitation à l’installation durable des professionnels de santé dans les territoires grâce à la loi Valletoux de 2023 ; la facilitation du cumul emploi retraite pour les médecins dans la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 ;…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
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   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 34,
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 113,
   "annotation_id": "Na5d273d1cfd8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ces deux exigences – la liberté des médecins et l’égalité d’accès aux soins des patients – peuvent être conciliées intelligemment ; c’est ce qu’ont cherché à faire jusqu’à présent le législateur et le gouvernement.Ces dernières années, plusieurs réformes importantes ont été engagées afin de s’attaquer à la racine du problème : la suppression du numerus clausus ; l’élargissement de l’accès direct à certains spécialistes grâce à la loi Rist 2 de 2023 ; l’incitation à l’installation durable des professionnels de santé dans les territoires grâce à la loi Valletoux de 2023 ; la facilitation du cumul emploi retraite pour les médecins dans la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694627",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694627"
   ],
   "order": 40,
   "text": "…l’introduction du statut de docteur junior à la quatrième année d’internat pour les médecins généralistes – à partir de la rentrée 2026, on comptera chaque année 3 700 docteurs juniors supplémentaires dans les territoires sous-dotés.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 40,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694627",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N0ce0128c60c0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…l’introduction du statut de docteur junior à la quatrième année d’internat pour les médecins généralistes – à partir de la rentrée 2026, on comptera chaque année 3 700 docteurs juniors supplémentaires dans les territoires sous-dotés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694629",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694629"
   ],
   "order": 42,
   "text": "Ces réformes témoignent de notre mobilisation constante – mais il faut attendre qu’elles produisent entièrement leurs effets.Je souhaiterais revenir sur une proposition qui a été faite par la profession elle-même et qui est rapidement applicable : l’assistanat territorial.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 42,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694629",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N119bdd58f51f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ces réformes témoignent de notre mobilisation constante – mais il faut attendre qu’elles produisent entièrement leurs effets.Je souhaiterais revenir sur une proposition qui a été faite par la profession elle-même et qui est rapidement applicable : l’assistanat territorial."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694632",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694632"
   ],
   "order": 45,
   "text": "S’il vous plaît, cher collègue !Ce dispositif repose sur une idée simple : mobiliser pour une à deux années des médecins spécialistes qui ont terminé leur internat, qui viennent d’être diplômés et qui seraient envoyés dans des zones sous-denses.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 45,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694632",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N7d61976103de",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "S’il vous plaît, cher collègue !Ce dispositif repose sur une idée simple : mobiliser pour une à deux années des médecins spécialistes qui ont terminé leur internat, qui viennent d’être diplômés et qui seraient envoyés dans des zones sous-denses."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694636",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694636"
   ],
   "order": 49,
   "text": "Le dispositif concernerait 2 000 à 3 000 jeunes médecins par an et pourrait parfaitement s’articuler avec celui des docteurs juniors. La lutte contre les déserts médicaux nécessite en effet un éventail d’actions coordonnées et structurelles. En la matière, il n’existe pas de mesure miracle.Mes chers collègues, le cri d’alarme des territoires en détresse médicale nous oblige à l’action. Au-delà des divergences politiques, nous sommes unis par la même volonté : redonner vie au droit à la santé partout en France. En revanche, les avis divergent sur les moyens. Pour ma part, je ne crois pas que la contrainte administrative d’installation soit une solution satisfaisante ; je la pense même contre-productive. (« Bravo ! » sur certains bancs du groupe HOR.) J’y suis opposée – tout en respectant celles et ceux qui, y compris dans mon groupe, la défendent par souci sincère de trouver une issue.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 49,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694636",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "N3d22d47c6aba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le dispositif concernerait 2 000 à 3 000 jeunes médecins par an et pourrait parfaitement s’articuler avec celui des docteurs juniors. La lutte contre les déserts médicaux nécessite en effet un éventail d’actions coordonnées et structurelles. En la matière, il n’existe pas de mesure miracle.Mes chers collègues, le cri d’alarme des territoires en détresse médicale nous oblige à l’action. Au-delà des divergences politiques, nous sommes unis par la même volonté : redonner vie au droit à la santé partout en France. En revanche, les avis divergent sur les moyens. Pour ma part, je ne crois pas que la contrainte administrative d’installation soit une solution satisfaisante ; je la pense même contre-productive. (« Bravo ! » sur certains bancs du groupe HOR.) J’y suis opposée – tout en respectant celles et ceux qui, y compris dans mon groupe, la défendent par souci sincère de trouver une issue."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694639",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694639"
   ],
   "order": 52,
   "text": "Nous sommes en effet nombreux à penser que passer de l’incitation à la contrainte ne résoudra pas le problème. Nous manquons au niveau national de médecins de ville en exercice, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes. Le cœur du problème est bien là.Les habitants de nos régions délaissées attendent des médecins dans leurs cabinets médicaux et des soignants à leurs côtés quand ils en ont besoin, non des symboles ou des coups d’État législatifs. Ne les décevons pas, répondons à leur appel avec la responsabilité et l’humilité qui doivent caractériser cette assemblée. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe HOR et sur certains bancs du groupe EPR. – M. Vincent Thiébaut et Mme Béatrice Bellamy se lèvent pour applaudir.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 52,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694639",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 117,
   "annotation_id": "Na2a9e5050dd6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes en effet nombreux à penser que passer de l’incitation à la contrainte ne résoudra pas le problème. Nous manquons au niveau national de médecins de ville en exercice, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes. Le cœur du problème est bien là.Les habitants de nos régions délaissées attendent des médecins dans leurs cabinets médicaux et des soignants à leurs côtés quand ils en ont besoin, non des symboles ou des coups d’État législatifs. Ne les décevons pas, répondons à leur appel avec la responsabilité et l’humilité qui doivent caractériser cette assemblée. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe HOR et sur certains bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] se lèvent pour applaudir.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA267042",
   "speaker": "Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694642",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694642"
   ],
   "order": 55,
   "text": "Enfin ! Enfin, l’espoir, enfin, la lumière au bout du tunnel (M. Damien Maudet applaudit) – un tunnel qui dure depuis vingt-cinq ans pour 8 millions de Français sans médecin traitant, parmi lesquels 30 000 Mayennais.Enfin ! Enfin, grâce, il faut le dire, à la pugnacité de notre rapporteur, qui s’est battu pour l’inscription de ce texte important à l’ordre du jour de notre assemblée, nous voici réunis dans l’hémicycle pour discuter d’une proposition de loi sur laquelle nous travaillons depuis près de trois ans, pour tenter de mettre un terme à l’une des plus grandes inégalités territoriales de ce début de XXIe siècle, celle de l’accès aux soins pour tous.Enfin ! Enfin, sous l’égide de Guillaume Garot, nous avons été capables d’unir nos forces et nos expériences au service de l’intérêt général pour répondre à l’angoisse, au désespoir, parfois même à la colère de nos concitoyens qui ne peuvent se soigner faute de médecin. Permettez-moi de souligner le redoutable défi politique que constituait l’initiative de notre rapporteur : former un groupe transpartisan, auquel je fus le premier à adhérer, en réunissant chaque semaine autour de la même table des femmes et des hommes représentant neuf groupes parlementaires différents.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 55,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694642",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 199,
   "annotation_id": "Nd573b3058e9c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin ! Enfin, l’espoir, enfin, la lumière au bout du tunnel (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit) – un tunnel qui dure depuis vingt-cinq ans pour 8 millions de Français sans médecin traitant, parmi lesquels 30 000 Mayennais.Enfin ! Enfin, grâce, il faut le dire, à la pugnacité de notre rapporteur, qui s’est battu pour l’inscription de ce texte important à l’ordre du jour de notre assemblée, nous voici réunis dans l’hémicycle pour discuter d’une proposition de loi sur laquelle nous travaillons depuis près de trois ans, pour tenter de mettre un terme à l’une des plus grandes inégalités territoriales de ce début de XXIe siècle, celle de l’accès aux soins pour tous.Enfin ! Enfin, sous l’égide de [PERSONNE], nous avons été capables d’unir nos forces et nos expériences au service de l’intérêt général pour répondre à l’angoisse, au désespoir, parfois même à la colère de nos concitoyens qui ne peuvent se soigner faute de médecin. Permettez-moi de souligner le redoutable défi politique que constituait l’initiative de notre rapporteur : former un groupe transpartisan, auquel je fus le premier à adhérer, en réunissant chaque semaine autour de la même table des femmes et des hommes représentant neuf groupes parlementaires différents."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA267042",
   "speaker": "Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694646",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694646"
   ],
   "order": 59,
   "text": "Oui, c’est rare, et il faut l’en remercier.Enfin ! Enfin, grâce au pragmatisme de ce texte, nous allons pouvoir apporter des réponses fortes, concrètes, efficaces à celles et ceux qui viennent nous voir dans nos permanences, parfois en pleurant, pour nous dire qu’ils ne parviennent pas à obtenir de rendez-vous chez le médecin généraliste ou chez un spécialiste ou que, quand ils parviennent à en obtenir un, ce n’est pas avant des semaines, voire des mois.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 59,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694646",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N67d85864be37",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, c’est rare, et il faut l’en remercier.Enfin ! Enfin, grâce au pragmatisme de ce texte, nous allons pouvoir apporter des réponses fortes, concrètes, efficaces à celles et ceux qui viennent nous voir dans nos permanences, parfois en pleurant, pour nous dire qu’ils ne parviennent pas à obtenir de rendez-vous chez le médecin généraliste ou chez un spécialiste ou que, quand ils parviennent à en obtenir un, ce n’est pas avant des semaines, voire des mois."
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA267042",
   "speaker": "Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694652",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 65,
   "text": "…ne prétend pas tout résoudre à lui tout seul. Il vient compléter efficacement les mesures prises depuis vingt ans mais qui, sur le terrain, ne répondent malheureusement pas à l’urgence de la situation ; je le constate chez moi, en Mayenne – chez nous, devrais-je dire, cher Guillaume Garot. Certes, il existe des mesures d’incitation et je salue l’engagement de nos élus locaux dans ce domaine ; ils n’ont guère compté leur temps, avec la construction de pôles de santé, de maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires ou encore de centres de santé.Toutefois, nous devons mieux répartir dans les territoires les médecins, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes, libéraux ou salariés.Cela veut dire légiférer avec responsabilité et bon sens en amenant les médecins à s’installer là où les patients les attendent. On appelle cela la régulation, objet de l’article 1er de notre proposition de loi, article structurant, incontournable, l’ADN même de notre texte !La régulation de l’installation, ce n’est pas une punition pour les médecins ni de la coercition, mais une solution supplémentaire indispensable pour les patients ! C’est pourquoi, notre texte propose d’adapter le principe de liberté d’installation – dont je rappelle qu’il n’est nullement mis à mal – aux nécessités de santé publique et aux problèmes d’inégalité d’accès aux soins.Déjà appliquée à d’autres professions médicales, la mesure donne des résultats concluants : les inégalités de répartition territoriale des pharmaciens, des kinésithérapeutes, des infirmiers et des sages-femmes ont diminué.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "V",
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   "analysis_text": "…ne prétend pas tout résoudre à lui tout seul. Il vient compléter efficacement les mesures prises depuis vingt ans mais qui, sur le terrain, ne répondent malheureusement pas à l’urgence de la situation ; je le constate chez moi, en Mayenne – chez nous, devrais-je dire, cher [PERSONNE]. Certes, il existe des mesures d’incitation et je salue l’engagement de nos élus locaux dans ce domaine ; ils n’ont guère compté leur temps, avec la construction de pôles de santé, de maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires ou encore de centres de santé.Toutefois, nous devons mieux répartir dans les territoires les médecins, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes, libéraux ou salariés.Cela veut dire légiférer avec responsabilité et bon sens en amenant les médecins à s’installer là où les patients les attendent. On appelle cela la régulation, objet de l’article 1er de notre proposition de loi, article structurant, incontournable, l’ADN même de notre texte !La régulation de l’installation, ce n’est pas une punition pour les médecins ni de la coercition, mais une solution supplémentaire indispensable pour les patients ! C’est pourquoi, notre texte propose d’adapter le principe de liberté d’installation – dont je rappelle qu’il n’est nullement mis à mal – aux nécessités de santé publique et aux problèmes d’inégalité d’accès aux soins.Déjà appliquée à d’autres professions médicales, la mesure donne des résultats concluants : les inégalités de répartition territoriale des pharmaciens, des kinésithérapeutes, des infirmiers et des sages-femmes ont diminué."
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker": "Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
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   "text": "La régulation de l’installation a si bien fait ses preuves qu’elle a été étendue aux chirurgiens-dentistes depuis janvier dernier.Notre article sur la régulation n’ayant pas été adopté en commission à trois voix près, nous l’avons réécrit en y intégrant une procédure d’élaboration de son décret d’application qui prévoit la consultation des représentants des étudiants en médecine, de ceux des usagers et de ceux des élus locaux.Jointe aux autres mesures du texte – je pense à la déconcentration des lieux de formation sur le territoire, avec la création d’une première année de médecine dans chaque département et à l’octroi de plus de temps médical aux médecins –, j’ai la conviction que cette disposition permettra à nos concitoyens de se soigner en toute sérénité, conformément à l’un des principes fondamentaux de notre République, l’égalité, en l’espèce l’égalité d’accès aux soins sur tout le territoire.Chaque Français pourra – enfin ! – voir la lumière au bout du tunnel, pour peu qu’en responsabilité, notre assemblée adopte l’ensemble des articles de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS, Dem et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "analysis_text": "La régulation de l’installation a si bien fait ses preuves qu’elle a été étendue aux chirurgiens-dentistes depuis janvier dernier.Notre article sur la régulation n’ayant pas été adopté en commission à trois voix près, nous l’avons réécrit en y intégrant une procédure d’élaboration de son décret d’application qui prévoit la consultation des représentants des étudiants en médecine, de ceux des usagers et de ceux des élus locaux.Jointe aux autres mesures du texte – je pense à la déconcentration des lieux de formation sur le territoire, avec la création d’une première année de médecine dans chaque département et à l’octroi de plus de temps médical aux médecins –, j’ai la conviction que cette disposition permettra à nos concitoyens de se soigner en toute sérénité, conformément à l’un des principes fondamentaux de notre République, l’égalité, en l’espèce l’égalité d’accès aux soins sur tout le territoire.Chaque Français pourra – enfin ! – voir la lumière au bout du tunnel, pour peu qu’en responsabilité, notre assemblée adopte l’ensemble des articles de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
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   "order": 76,
   "text": "Pas une semaine ne passe sans que nous ne soyons, les uns et les autres, interpellés dans nos permanences par des patients, souvent âgés, angoissés par la perte de leur médecin traitant ou par l’impossibilité d’en trouver un – 8 millions de Français sont dans ce cas. Quand nous discutons avec les médecins installés dans ces territoires, tous nous disent leur écœurement de devoir dire non à des centaines de patients qui les sollicitent – dans bien des départements plus de 20 % des habitants sont sans médecin traitant, voire sans médecin tout court.Ces deux réalités sont emblématiques d’un droit à la santé, principe constitutionnel, qui n’est aujourd’hui plus garanti : l’égalité de nos concitoyens dans l’accès aux soins est bafouée, les pertes de chances augmentent.De fait, nous ne saurions attendre une dizaine d’années, le temps que la fin du numerus clausus et apertus produise ses premiers effets, d’autant que les inégalités entre les territoires se creusent année après année. Sans reprendre les chiffres qu’a égrainés notre excellent rapporteur, je soulignerai que la caisse primaire d’assurance maladie (CPAM) indique que le Cher compte 54 médecins généralistes pour 100 000 habitants, un taux deux fois inférieur à la moyenne nationale. Et c’est encore pire en Guyane, à Mayotte, en Seine-Saint-Denis !La question qui nous est posée dépasse donc largement les intérêts individuels, voire égoïstes ; c’est tout simplement une question de respect de nos valeurs républicaines, une question d’humanité : voulons-nous continuer à faire société ?Dans bien des zones rurales, mais aussi au cœur des quartiers populaires, l’impossibilité de se soigner est une violence qui crée ressentiment, colère et division !Ne vous étonnez pas, monsieur le ministre, que l’extrême droite soutienne le statu quo et s’oppose à ce texte. Imaginez que nous arrivions à résoudre une petite part du problème, ce serait du carburant en moins pour la haine, la division et le déclassement, terreau sur lequel l’extrême droite veut prospérer ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "analysis_text": "Pas une semaine ne passe sans que nous ne soyons, les uns et les autres, interpellés dans nos permanences par des patients, souvent âgés, angoissés par la perte de leur médecin traitant ou par l’impossibilité d’en trouver un – 8 millions de Français sont dans ce cas. Quand nous discutons avec les médecins installés dans ces territoires, tous nous disent leur écœurement de devoir dire non à des centaines de patients qui les sollicitent – dans bien des départements plus de 20 % des habitants sont sans médecin traitant, voire sans médecin tout court.Ces deux réalités sont emblématiques d’un droit à la santé, principe constitutionnel, qui n’est aujourd’hui plus garanti : l’égalité de nos concitoyens dans l’accès aux soins est bafouée, les pertes de chances augmentent.De fait, nous ne saurions attendre une dizaine d’années, le temps que la fin du numerus clausus et apertus produise ses premiers effets, d’autant que les inégalités entre les territoires se creusent année après année. Sans reprendre les chiffres qu’a égrainés notre excellent rapporteur, je soulignerai que la caisse primaire d’assurance maladie (CPAM) indique que le Cher compte 54 médecins généralistes pour 100 000 habitants, un taux deux fois inférieur à la moyenne nationale. Et c’est encore pire en Guyane, à Mayotte, en Seine-Saint-Denis !La question qui nous est posée dépasse donc largement les intérêts individuels, voire égoïstes ; c’est tout simplement une question de respect de nos valeurs républicaines, une question d’humanité : voulons-nous continuer à faire société ?Dans bien des zones rurales, mais aussi au cœur des quartiers populaires, l’impossibilité de se soigner est une violence qui crée ressentiment, colère et division !Ne vous étonnez pas, monsieur le ministre, que l’extrême droite soutienne le statu quo et s’oppose à ce texte. Imaginez que nous arrivions à résoudre une petite part du problème, ce serait du carburant en moins pour la haine, la division et le déclassement, terreau sur lequel l’extrême droite veut prospérer ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
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  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
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   "order": 83,
   "text": "La santé est en effet la première préoccupation de nos concitoyens. Qu’ils soient locaux ou nationaux, les élus sont sans cesse interpellés sur ce sujet. Et c’est bien normal !En France, la santé est très majoritairement affaire de solidarité collective, grâce à la grande et belle sécurité sociale, financée par les cotisations et l’impôt. De ce fait, personne ne saurait s’affranchir de son devoir de servir le public dans un cadre assurant l’égalité territoriale. Cela vaut d’abord pour les professionnels de santé, pleinement inscrits dans ce système collectif.Certes, nombre de dispositifs ont été déployés, bien souvent par le truchement de l’intelligence de nos élus locaux, pour créer, qui une maison de santé pluridisciplinaire, qui un centre de santé, ou instaurer des primes à l’installation. Force est de constater que ces dispositifs, si tant est qu’ils aient freiné la catastrophe qui vient, n’ont pas amélioré le taux de présence médicale sur les territoires en difficulté.Je sais, d’expérience, que l’innovation locale peut être salvatrice : dans l’intercommunalité de Vierzon, nous avons créé un centre de santé prenant la forme d’un groupement d’intérêt public (GIP), auquel s’est récemment ajouté un centre de santé externe à l’hôpital, mais fonctionnant grâce à des Padhue – praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne. Toutefois, de telles initiatives sont loin de tout régler. La multiplication des maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires, dont certaines sont de véritables coquilles vides, entraîne même des effets pervers, notamment des concurrences entre collectivités locales qui confinent à l’insupportable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "analysis_text": "La santé est en effet la première préoccupation de nos concitoyens. Qu’ils soient locaux ou nationaux, les élus sont sans cesse interpellés sur ce sujet. Et c’est bien normal !En France, la santé est très majoritairement affaire de solidarité collective, grâce à la grande et belle sécurité sociale, financée par les cotisations et l’impôt. De ce fait, personne ne saurait s’affranchir de son devoir de servir le public dans un cadre assurant l’égalité territoriale. Cela vaut d’abord pour les professionnels de santé, pleinement inscrits dans ce système collectif.Certes, nombre de dispositifs ont été déployés, bien souvent par le truchement de l’intelligence de nos élus locaux, pour créer, qui une maison de santé pluridisciplinaire, qui un centre de santé, ou instaurer des primes à l’installation. Force est de constater que ces dispositifs, si tant est qu’ils aient freiné la catastrophe qui vient, n’ont pas amélioré le taux de présence médicale sur les territoires en difficulté.Je sais, d’expérience, que l’innovation locale peut être salvatrice : dans l’intercommunalité de Vierzon, nous avons créé un centre de santé prenant la forme d’un groupement d’intérêt public (GIP), auquel s’est récemment ajouté un centre de santé externe à l’hôpital, mais fonctionnant grâce à des Padhue – praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne. Toutefois, de telles initiatives sont loin de tout régler. La multiplication des maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires, dont certaines sont de véritables coquilles vides, entraîne même des effets pervers, notamment des concurrences entre collectivités locales qui confinent à l’insupportable."
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  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "order": 88,
   "text": "Élaborée de manière transpartisane et soutenue par les associations de patients, les associations d’élus locaux comme les professionnels de santé des zones les plus en difficulté, notre proposition de loi n’est, bien entendu, qu’un outil parmi d’autres. Mais elle a l’immense mérite de respecter notre pacte républicain, de combattre l’idée d’une France où l’on accepterait, de fait, l’existence de citoyens de seconde zone.« Il faut sortir de l’enlisement et de l’impasse. Il faut probablement une régulation », a dit le premier ministre hier. Je n’ose croire que le bloc central et, à plus forte raison, le ministre de la santé et de l’accès aux soins défient la position du chef du gouvernement.L’amendement qui rétablit la régulation est bien loin de créer une obligation géographique d’installation – caricature qu’en font ceux qui s’y opposent –, puisque 87 % du territoire ne sera soumis à aucune autorisation, la liberté d’installation y restant totale.Voter le rétablissement de l’article 1er serait un signe que la représentation nationale fait vivre le grand principe d’égalité territoriale. Cela irait aussi dans le sens de l’histoire de la régulation des professions de santé, tels que les infirmiers, les pharmaciens, les kinésithérapeutes, les chirurgiens-dentistes et les sages-femmes, dont l’installation est déjà régulée.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Élaborée de manière transpartisane et soutenue par les associations de patients, les associations d’élus locaux comme les professionnels de santé des zones les plus en difficulté, notre proposition de loi n’est, bien entendu, qu’un outil parmi d’autres. Mais elle a l’immense mérite de respecter notre pacte républicain, de combattre l’idée d’une France où l’on accepterait, de fait, l’existence de citoyens de seconde zone.« Il faut sortir de l’enlisement et de l’impasse. Il faut probablement une régulation », a dit le premier ministre hier. Je n’ose croire que le bloc central et, à plus forte raison, le ministre de la santé et de l’accès aux soins défient la position du chef du gouvernement.L’amendement qui rétablit la régulation est bien loin de créer une obligation géographique d’installation – caricature qu’en font ceux qui s’y opposent –, puisque 87 % du territoire ne sera soumis à aucune autorisation, la liberté d’installation y restant totale.Voter le rétablissement de l’article 1er serait un signe que la représentation nationale fait vivre le grand principe d’égalité territoriale. Cela irait aussi dans le sens de l’histoire de la régulation des professions de santé, tels que les infirmiers, les pharmaciens, les kinésithérapeutes, les chirurgiens-dentistes et les sages-femmes, dont l’installation est déjà régulée."
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   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
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   "order": 93,
   "text": "L’ouverture de formations médicales au plus près des territoires – à l’image de la licence donnant accès aux études de santé que nous proposons à Bourges –, la suppression de la double peine financière pour les patients n’ayant pas de médecin traitant et l’élargissement de la permanence des soins constitueront autant d’atouts pour faire société.La santé n’appartient pas aux professionnels de santé, c’est un droit pour tous. Assurer un meilleur accès aux soins, c’est un devoir pour nous, législateurs ! La régulation, ce n’est pas la coercition, c’est l’essence même du respect de l’égalité, valeur qui fonde notre pacte républicain. Le groupe de la Gauche démocrate et républicaine sera au rendez-vous, monsieur le rapporteur ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS, et Dem.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 93,
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   "annotation_id": "N8565d5d2f163",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’ouverture de formations médicales au plus près des territoires – à l’image de la licence donnant accès aux études de santé que nous proposons à Bourges –, la suppression de la double peine financière pour les patients n’ayant pas de médecin traitant et l’élargissement de la permanence des soins constitueront autant d’atouts pour faire société.La santé n’appartient pas aux professionnels de santé, c’est un droit pour tous. Assurer un meilleur accès aux soins, c’est un devoir pour nous, législateurs ! La régulation, ce n’est pas la coercition, c’est l’essence même du respect de l’égalité, valeur qui fonde notre pacte républicain. Le groupe de la [GROUPE] sera au rendez-vous, monsieur le rapporteur ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA841067",
   "speaker": "Alexandre Allegret-Pilot",
   "quality": "M. Alexandre Allegret-Pilot",
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   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694738",
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   "order": 96,
   "text": "Il est des territoires où l’abandon sanitaire et social prend les traits quotidiens de l’isolement, de la fatigue et du découragement. Il est un pays où 2 800 bébés meurent chaque année avant d’atteindre leur premier anniversaire, en grande partie du fait du reflux des maternités et de notre long déclin démographique. Ce pays classé 23e sur 27 au sein de l’Union européenne pour la mortalité infantile, c’est la France – non pas la France du Général de Gaulle, la France d’Emmanuel Macron.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "analysis_text": "Il est des territoires où l’abandon sanitaire et social prend les traits quotidiens de l’isolement, de la fatigue et du découragement. Il est un pays où 2 800 bébés meurent chaque année avant d’atteindre leur premier anniversaire, en grande partie du fait du reflux des maternités et de notre long déclin démographique. Ce pays classé 23e sur 27 au sein de l’Union européenne pour la mortalité infantile, c’est la France – non pas la France du Général de Gaulle, la France d’[PERSONNE]."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA841067",
   "speaker": "Alexandre Allegret-Pilot",
   "quality": "M. Alexandre Allegret-Pilot",
   "role": "depute",
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   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694740",
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   "order": 98,
   "text": "Les déserts médicaux ne sont plus une réalité périphérique et anecdotique ; ils constituent désormais le cas général et un défi vital pour notre pacte social. L’endroit où l’on naît, où l’on vieillit, où l’on tombe malade ne devrait pas conditionner autant l’accès aux soins, l’espoir de guérir ou simplement de ne pas souffrir. Et pourtant, les déserts médicaux sont l’illustration la plus alarmante de notre lente agonie collective. Or il s’agit là de la dignité et des conditions de vie de nos concitoyens.Plus de 6 millions de Français vivent aujourd’hui dans des zones où l’accès aux soins n’est plus qu’un vague souvenir de l’époque où chaque village disposait d’un bureau de poste, d’un médecin et d’un instituteur. Image d’Épinal battue en brèche par des décisions irresponsables en matière de finances publiques : nos dirigeants ont délaissé le bien commun pour alimenter les copinages, financer des lubies altermondialistes et récompenser l’oisiveté – toujours au détriment des Français.C’est un choix que nous payons très cher. Consulter un médecin devient une course d’endurance, un défi que l’on anticipe comme on planifie un pèlerinage : dans ma circonscription, il faut ainsi patienter dix-huit mois en moyenne pour consulter un cardiologue. Autant dire que l’infarctus n’attend pas ! Dans nos campagnes dépeuplées, on bricole donc comme on pouvait le faire jadis, la population vieillissante en plus, l’égalité de traitement en moins. Seule l’absence répond à l’urgence.Après des années d’une pénurie médicale structurelle sans précédent, après l’échec du numerus apertus face à l’enjeu capacitaire de l’accueil d’étudiants dans les formations médicales, la proposition de loi que nous étudions vise à réguler l’installation des médecins en fonction des besoins territoriaux, à rétablir la permanence des soins, à ouvrir une première année de médecine dans chaque département et à supprimer la majoration tarifaire pour les patients dépourvus de médecin traitant. Ces pistes ont le mérite de nommer l’aberration et de la prendre à bras-le-corps. Certaines peuvent sembler pertinentes.Elles mettent surtout en exergue la schizophrénie de notre pays sur ce sujet : entre réglementation de leurs professions, financement par l’argent du contribuable et liberté d’exercice, les professionnels de santé ont tantôt les attributs du fonctionnaire – et certaines de ses servitudes –, tantôt ceux de l’entrepreneur – et certaines de ses libertés. Se fait probablement jour un besoin de libéralisation pour passer de la contrainte à l’incitation et respecter la liberté d’installation, à laquelle nous sommes attachés.Le flou continu généré par cet entre-deux bancal ne pénalise qu’une seule catégorie de personnes : nos concitoyens les plus fragiles, les oubliés des territoires ruraux, ceux qui souffrent et qui meurent dans l’indifférence générale, ceux qui n’ont pas la chance d’appartenir à une communauté ou à une minorité que nos dirigeants veulent acheter,...",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "last_order": 98,
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les déserts médicaux ne sont plus une réalité périphérique et anecdotique ; ils constituent désormais le cas général et un défi vital pour notre pacte social. L’endroit où l’on naît, où l’on vieillit, où l’on tombe malade ne devrait pas conditionner autant l’accès aux soins, l’espoir de guérir ou simplement de ne pas souffrir. Et pourtant, les déserts médicaux sont l’illustration la plus alarmante de notre lente agonie collective. Or il s’agit là de la dignité et des conditions de vie de nos concitoyens.Plus de 6 millions de Français vivent aujourd’hui dans des zones où l’accès aux soins n’est plus qu’un vague souvenir de l’époque où chaque village disposait d’un bureau de poste, d’un médecin et d’un instituteur. Image d’Épinal battue en brèche par des décisions irresponsables en matière de finances publiques : nos dirigeants ont délaissé le bien commun pour alimenter les copinages, financer des lubies altermondialistes et récompenser l’oisiveté – toujours au détriment des Français.C’est un choix que nous payons très cher. Consulter un médecin devient une course d’endurance, un défi que l’on anticipe comme on planifie un pèlerinage : dans ma circonscription, il faut ainsi patienter dix-huit mois en moyenne pour consulter un cardiologue. Autant dire que l’infarctus n’attend pas ! Dans nos campagnes dépeuplées, on bricole donc comme on pouvait le faire jadis, la population vieillissante en plus, l’égalité de traitement en moins. Seule l’absence répond à l’urgence.Après des années d’une pénurie médicale structurelle sans précédent, après l’échec du numerus apertus face à l’enjeu capacitaire de l’accueil d’étudiants dans les formations médicales, la proposition de loi que nous étudions vise à réguler l’installation des médecins en fonction des besoins territoriaux, à rétablir la permanence des soins, à ouvrir une première année de médecine dans chaque département et à supprimer la majoration tarifaire pour les patients dépourvus de médecin traitant. Ces pistes ont le mérite de nommer l’aberration et de la prendre à bras-le-corps. Certaines peuvent sembler pertinentes.Elles mettent surtout en exergue la schizophrénie de notre pays sur ce sujet : entre réglementation de leurs professions, financement par l’argent du contribuable et liberté d’exercice, les professionnels de santé ont tantôt les attributs du fonctionnaire – et certaines de ses servitudes –, tantôt ceux de l’entrepreneur – et certaines de ses libertés. Se fait probablement jour un besoin de libéralisation pour passer de la contrainte à l’incitation et respecter la liberté d’installation, à laquelle nous sommes attachés.Le flou continu généré par cet entre-deux bancal ne pénalise qu’une seule catégorie de personnes : nos concitoyens les plus fragiles, les oubliés des territoires ruraux, ceux qui souffrent et qui meurent dans l’indifférence générale, ceux qui n’ont pas la chance d’appartenir à une communauté ou à une minorité que nos dirigeants veulent acheter,..."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA841067",
   "speaker": "Alexandre Allegret-Pilot",
   "quality": "M. Alexandre Allegret-Pilot",
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   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694747",
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   "order": 105,
   "text": "…cette France profonde, travailleuse, silencieuse : notre France.Nous sommes donc à un embranchement entre deux voies, deux modèles d’allocation de nos ressources. Vous vous doutez bien que l’UDR préférera une solution plus libérale, fondée sur l’incitation. Soyons clairs : la mesure envisagée ne saurait suffire, si elle n’est pas accompagnée d’une politique plus ambitieuse de formation, de revalorisation et de péréquation. Cela permettrait une meilleure allocation des ressources publiques sur le territoire, car elle serait prise en charge en grande partie par l’assurance maladie. Libérons davantage d’offre pour répondre à la demande de nos concitoyens, demande qui prend la forme de supplication tant la situation est insupportable.Nous payons manifestement l’absence de politique du village, sacrifiée sur l’autel de la politique de la ville.Cette réforme doit être plus partenariale et plus équilibrée. Surtout, nous devons écouter : écouter les professionnels de santé certes, mais aussi, et surtout, ces habitants invisibles à qui l’on a retiré, peu à peu, la possibilité du soin à portée de main, pourtant constitutive de la promesse républicaine. Cela vaut pour nos médecins, mais aussi pour nos instituteurs.Après des années de progrès, la santé est redevenue un privilège. C’est le premier signe de notre déchéance en tant que nation, engagée depuis maintenant cinquante ans. La contrainte incohérente, entre servitude et liberté, ne saurait être le principal moteur de réforme. Trouvons l’équilibre avec humanité, lucidité et ambition : il s’agit pour la République de renouer avec cette France rurale, trop longtemps méprisée, trop longtemps oubliée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 105,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…cette France profonde, travailleuse, silencieuse : notre France.Nous sommes donc à un embranchement entre deux voies, deux modèles d’allocation de nos ressources. Vous vous doutez bien que l’[GROUPE] préférera une solution plus libérale, fondée sur l’incitation. Soyons clairs : la mesure envisagée ne saurait suffire, si elle n’est pas accompagnée d’une politique plus ambitieuse de formation, de revalorisation et de péréquation. Cela permettrait une meilleure allocation des ressources publiques sur le territoire, car elle serait prise en charge en grande partie par l’assurance maladie. Libérons davantage d’offre pour répondre à la demande de nos concitoyens, demande qui prend la forme de supplication tant la situation est insupportable.Nous payons manifestement l’absence de politique du village, sacrifiée sur l’autel de la politique de la ville.Cette réforme doit être plus partenariale et plus équilibrée. Surtout, nous devons écouter : écouter les professionnels de santé certes, mais aussi, et surtout, ces habitants invisibles à qui l’on a retiré, peu à peu, la possibilité du soin à portée de main, pourtant constitutive de la promesse républicaine. Cela vaut pour nos médecins, mais aussi pour nos instituteurs.Après des années de progrès, la santé est redevenue un privilège. C’est le premier signe de notre déchéance en tant que nation, engagée depuis maintenant cinquante ans. La contrainte incohérente, entre servitude et liberté, ne saurait être le principal moteur de réforme. Trouvons l’équilibre avec humanité, lucidité et ambition : il s’agit pour la République de renouer avec cette France rurale, trop longtemps méprisée, trop longtemps oubliée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
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   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694753",
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   "order": 111,
   "text": "La désertification médicale est un problème majeur, un problème grave, un problème urgent à résoudre. Ses causes sont multiples, structurelles et anciennes. Ses conséquences sont désastreuses pour la santé des Français.Elle touche durement les Français : le renoncement aux soins et les pertes de chances médicales augmentent dangereusement dans notre pays. Le recul des services de santé de proximité ne cesse de s’accélérer et la pénurie de soignants de s’accroître. Cette réalité sensible, partout dans notre pays, atteint en particulier les territoires qui sont malheureusement les avant-postes du désert médical, les zones rurales et les territoires ultramarins.Les Français sont légitimement préoccupés par l’avenir de leurs territoires en matière d’accès aux soins et vivent cette situation comme une véritable injustice sociale, car notre système de santé, jadis performant, a été abîmé par les décisions politiques des gouvernements qui se succèdent depuis des décennies.Cette proposition de loi comporte des avancées réelles et des écueils sérieux, du moins dans sa version initiale, dont l’article 1er, supprimé en commission, visait à restreindre la liberté d’installation des médecins. Une telle coercition ne réglerait en rien le problème du manque de médecins. Elle risquerait au contraire de produire des effets opposés à ceux qui sont recherchés.La France traverse en effet une crise profonde en matière de personnels soignants, formés et disponibles. Certes, il n’existe pas de solution miracle pour répondre à cette pénurie, mais la coercition est une fausse bonne idée : comment voulez-vous redistribuer une pénurie, partager une carence, répartir une absence, mutualiser un manque ?En commission des affaires sociales, le groupe Rassemblement national a rejeté la disposition qui prévoyait d’instaurer un régime d’autorisation de l’installation d’un nouveau médecin, l’autorisation devant être délivrée par les agences régionales de santé. Par les ARS ? Sérieusement ? Ces instances si lointaines, les plus technocratiques et les plus déconnectées des réalités territoriales, qui ne comprennent pas grand-chose aux bassins de vie et de santé ? C’est la pire solution, le pire échelon de décision !Restreindre la liberté d’installation est une fausse bonne idée qui aurait des conséquences dramatiques, notamment celle de réduire davantage le nombre de médecins, en particulier dans les zones rurales. Une telle coercition créerait par ailleurs des déserts médicaux dans les territoires qui ne sont pas encore sous-dotés en médecins ; elle nuirait à l’attractivité de la profession et réduirait les vocations des Français pour la médecine. Réguler arbitrairement l’installation des soignants dans le désert médical français ne règle en rien la pénurie – en rien ! Les problèmes principaux à résoudre d’urgence sont ceux de la formation des soignants, de leur reconnaissance et de leur revalorisation.Le groupe Rassemblement national propose de multiples solutions pour améliorer l’accès aux soins des Français : supprimer totalement le numerus clausus, puis le numerus apertus, pour former davantage, décentraliser vraiment les études propédeutiques en santé,…",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La désertification médicale est un problème majeur, un problème grave, un problème urgent à résoudre. Ses causes sont multiples, structurelles et anciennes. Ses conséquences sont désastreuses pour la santé des Français.Elle touche durement les Français : le renoncement aux soins et les pertes de chances médicales augmentent dangereusement dans notre pays. Le recul des services de santé de proximité ne cesse de s’accélérer et la pénurie de soignants de s’accroître. Cette réalité sensible, partout dans notre pays, atteint en particulier les territoires qui sont malheureusement les avant-postes du désert médical, les zones rurales et les territoires ultramarins.Les Français sont légitimement préoccupés par l’avenir de leurs territoires en matière d’accès aux soins et vivent cette situation comme une véritable injustice sociale, car notre système de santé, jadis performant, a été abîmé par les décisions politiques des gouvernements qui se succèdent depuis des décennies.Cette proposition de loi comporte des avancées réelles et des écueils sérieux, du moins dans sa version initiale, dont l’article 1er, supprimé en commission, visait à restreindre la liberté d’installation des médecins. Une telle coercition ne réglerait en rien le problème du manque de médecins. Elle risquerait au contraire de produire des effets opposés à ceux qui sont recherchés.La France traverse en effet une crise profonde en matière de personnels soignants, formés et disponibles. Certes, il n’existe pas de solution miracle pour répondre à cette pénurie, mais la coercition est une fausse bonne idée : comment voulez-vous redistribuer une pénurie, partager une carence, répartir une absence, mutualiser un manque ?En commission des affaires sociales, le groupe [GROUPE] a rejeté la disposition qui prévoyait d’instaurer un régime d’autorisation de l’installation d’un nouveau médecin, l’autorisation devant être délivrée par les agences régionales de santé. Par les ARS ? Sérieusement ? Ces instances si lointaines, les plus technocratiques et les plus déconnectées des réalités territoriales, qui ne comprennent pas grand-chose aux bassins de vie et de santé ? C’est la pire solution, le pire échelon de décision !Restreindre la liberté d’installation est une fausse bonne idée qui aurait des conséquences dramatiques, notamment celle de réduire davantage le nombre de médecins, en particulier dans les zones rurales. Une telle coercition créerait par ailleurs des déserts médicaux dans les territoires qui ne sont pas encore sous-dotés en médecins ; elle nuirait à l’attractivité de la profession et réduirait les vocations des Français pour la médecine. Réguler arbitrairement l’installation des soignants dans le désert médical français ne règle en rien la pénurie – en rien ! Les problèmes principaux à résoudre d’urgence sont ceux de la formation des soignants, de leur reconnaissance et de leur revalorisation.Le groupe [GROUPE] propose de multiples solutions pour améliorer l’accès aux soins des Français : supprimer totalement le numerus clausus, puis le numerus apertus, pour former davantage, décentraliser vraiment les études propédeutiques en santé,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694768",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694768"
   ],
   "order": 120,
   "text": "…développer les dispositifs existants – notamment fiscaux – d’incitation à l’installation destinés aux jeunes médecins, augmenter le nombre de médecins maîtres de stage, faciliter le recrutement d’assistants pour gagner du temps médical, aider les collectivités territoriales qui accompagnent les nouveaux médecins, ou encore moduler les tarifs en fonction des territoires.Les autres mesures du texte sont positives et vont dans le bon sens. L’article 2, qui prévoit la suppression de la majoration des tarifs des consultations pour les Français sans médecin traitant, apporte une correction bienvenue à l’injustice sociale que subissent, sans en être responsables, les près de 7 millions de Français qui sont dans cette situation. L’article 3, sur la décentralisation des études en santé, est sans doute l’idée la plus pertinente : la décentralisation est nécessaire et constitue une réponse adaptée aux enjeux de formation à long terme. L’article 4, relatif aux permanences de soins, tend à réaffirmer un principe déjà en vigueur, quoique partiellement, et prévoit un ajustement louable – si tant est que la contrainte prévue par le dispositif soit acceptée et appliquée.Nous abordons cette proposition de loi dans un état d’esprit constructif, avec le souci du bien commun et la volonté d’aider à proposer des solutions efficaces pour résoudre un problème qui constitue naturellement une priorité absolue pour les Français : l’accès aux soins. Leur santé et leur vie sont en jeu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 120,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694768",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 235,
   "annotation_id": "Na8ec88295232",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…développer les dispositifs existants – notamment fiscaux – d’incitation à l’installation destinés aux jeunes médecins, augmenter le nombre de médecins maîtres de stage, faciliter le recrutement d’assistants pour gagner du temps médical, aider les collectivités territoriales qui accompagnent les nouveaux médecins, ou encore moduler les tarifs en fonction des territoires.Les autres mesures du texte sont positives et vont dans le bon sens. L’article 2, qui prévoit la suppression de la majoration des tarifs des consultations pour les Français sans médecin traitant, apporte une correction bienvenue à l’injustice sociale que subissent, sans en être responsables, les près de 7 millions de Français qui sont dans cette situation. L’article 3, sur la décentralisation des études en santé, est sans doute l’idée la plus pertinente : la décentralisation est nécessaire et constitue une réponse adaptée aux enjeux de formation à long terme. L’article 4, relatif aux permanences de soins, tend à réaffirmer un principe déjà en vigueur, quoique partiellement, et prévoit un ajustement louable – si tant est que la contrainte prévue par le dispositif soit acceptée et appliquée.Nous abordons cette proposition de loi dans un état d’esprit constructif, avec le souci du bien commun et la volonté d’aider à proposer des solutions efficaces pour résoudre un problème qui constitue naturellement une priorité absolue pour les Français : l’accès aux soins. Leur santé et leur vie sont en jeu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694771",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694771"
   ],
   "order": 124,
   "text": "Je vous remercie, monsieur le rapporteur, pour cette proposition de loi dont l’objectif est partagé par le groupe Ensemble pour la République : lutter contre les déserts médicaux. Au fond, qui pourrait s’opposer à une telle entreprise ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 124,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694771",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N9c5d5effc21f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie, monsieur le rapporteur, pour cette proposition de loi dont l’objectif est partagé par le groupe [GROUPE] : lutter contre les déserts médicaux. Au fond, qui pourrait s’opposer à une telle entreprise ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694774",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694774"
   ],
   "order": 127,
   "text": "Beaucoup trop de nos concitoyens rencontrent avec angoisse des difficultés pour se faire soigner. Beaucoup trop renoncent aux soins. Beaucoup trop de médecins, aussi, subissent cette situation, liée à la fois à une démographie médicale trop faible – en raison d’un numerus clausus fixé trop bas pendant trop d’années – et à des besoins en santé croissants. Vous avez raison : nous devons continuer d’agir, et agir avec courage.Mais quand bien même c’est avec courage que la France a entrepris la construction de la ligne Maginot dans les années 1930, le pays n’en était pas moins en retard d’une guerre.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 127,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694774",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N6d18aab16dbb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Beaucoup trop de nos concitoyens rencontrent avec angoisse des difficultés pour se faire soigner. Beaucoup trop renoncent aux soins. Beaucoup trop de médecins, aussi, subissent cette situation, liée à la fois à une démographie médicale trop faible – en raison d’un numerus clausus fixé trop bas pendant trop d’années – et à des besoins en santé croissants. Vous avez raison : nous devons continuer d’agir, et agir avec courage.Mais quand bien même c’est avec courage que la France a entrepris la construction de la ligne Maginot dans les années 1930, le pays n’en était pas moins en retard d’une guerre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694776",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694776"
   ],
   "order": 130,
   "text": "De la même façon, l’article 1er, supprimé en commission, montre que nous sommes en retard d’une guerre et que nous essayons, au moyen d’une mesure inefficace, de réparer les errements passés.Vouloir réguler l’installation des médecins aurait eu du sens jusque dans les années 1990-2000, mais la pénurie de médecin s’est installée depuis et cette volonté de régulation aggraverait désormais la situation – très rapidement d’ailleurs. Pourquoi s’agit-il d’une fausse bonne idée ? Parce que votre postulat de départ, selon lequel certains territoires auraient trop de médecins, ou suffisamment de médecins généralistes pour refuser que de nouveaux s’y installent, est erroné. Quel député approuverait que, dans sa ville – Dijon, Lyon, Caen, Limoges –, aucun nouveau médecin ne puisse s’installer à moins qu’un autre ne parte à la retraite ? Qui considère que certains des citoyens de sa circonscription sont privilégiés dans l’accès aux soins ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 130,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694776",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "Nb266b33b6fcf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "De la même façon, l’article 1er, supprimé en commission, montre que nous sommes en retard d’une guerre et que nous essayons, au moyen d’une mesure inefficace, de réparer les errements passés.Vouloir réguler l’installation des médecins aurait eu du sens jusque dans les années 1990-2000, mais la pénurie de médecin s’est installée depuis et cette volonté de régulation aggraverait désormais la situation – très rapidement d’ailleurs. Pourquoi s’agit-il d’une fausse bonne idée ? Parce que votre postulat de départ, selon lequel certains territoires auraient trop de médecins, ou suffisamment de médecins généralistes pour refuser que de nouveaux s’y installent, est erroné. Quel député approuverait que, dans sa ville – Dijon, Lyon, Caen, Limoges –, aucun nouveau médecin ne puisse s’installer à moins qu’un autre ne parte à la retraite ? Qui considère que certains des citoyens de sa circonscription sont privilégiés dans l’accès aux soins ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694778",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694778"
   ],
   "order": 133,
   "text": "Ce n’est en tout cas pas l’avis de l’Association des maires de France (AMF), ni celui de l’Association des maires ruraux de France (AMRF) ou de Départements de France. Tous sont opposés à la régulation telle que vous la proposez, car ils savent qu’il n’existe pas de zones surdotées dans leurs territoires. On ne peut pas réguler une pénurie. On ne peut pas rationner du vide…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 133,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694778",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N66bdb98a6547",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est en tout cas pas l’avis de l’Association des maires de France (AMF), ni celui de l’Association des maires ruraux de France (AMRF) ou de Départements de France. Tous sont opposés à la régulation telle que vous la proposez, car ils savent qu’il n’existe pas de zones surdotées dans leurs territoires. On ne peut pas réguler une pénurie. On ne peut pas rationner du vide…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694783",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694783"
   ],
   "order": 139,
   "text": "Nous devons cependant, je le disais, continuer d’agir. Aussi notre groupe ne s’opposera-t-il pas aux autres articles de cette proposition de loi. Je veux rappeler les mesures fortes qui ont été prises ces sept dernières années. À commencer par l’augmentation du nombre de médecins formés : ils étaient 7 500 à la fin du mandat de Nicolas Sarkozy et 8 000 à la fin du mandat de François Hollande, monsieur le rapporteur ; ils auront doublé d’ici à la fin du mandat d’Emmanuel Macron, comme s’y était engagé Gabriel Attal, alors premier ministre. Nous avons mis fin à l’aveuglement en supprimant le numerus clausus. Nous avons aussi libéré du temps médical, renforcé les compétences des autres professionnels, mis progressivement fin à l’exercice isolé, facilité la télémédecine et mis en place le service d’accès aux soins (SAS), qui permet d’obtenir une réponse adaptée à la demande.Nous devons aller plus loin encore. De nombreuses mesures restent à prendre : mettre fin aux certificats médicaux inutiles, renforcer l’accès direct à certains praticiens, poursuivre la coopération entre professionnels – tout cela doit se faire avec les soignants, en leur témoignant notre confiance. Telle est la vision défendue par le groupe EPR, celle d’un système de santé adapté à notre époque, souple, innovant, qui repose beaucoup plus sur la médecine en ville, qui permette à nos concitoyens d’être soignés à proximité. Nous défendons cette vision avec humilité, en considération des difficultés actuelles de nos concitoyens, dans la situation démographique implacable où nous sommes. Nous la défendons avec l’ambition d’être utiles aux Français. Faisons preuve de courage, chers collègues, mais ne construisons pas une nouvelle ligne Maginot ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et HOR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 139,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694783",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 281,
   "annotation_id": "Ndab1e20338d6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous devons cependant, je le disais, continuer d’agir. Aussi notre groupe ne s’opposera-t-il pas aux autres articles de cette proposition de loi. Je veux rappeler les mesures fortes qui ont été prises ces sept dernières années. À commencer par l’augmentation du nombre de médecins formés : ils étaient 7 500 à la fin du mandat de Nicolas Sarkozy et 8 000 à la fin du mandat de [PERSONNE], monsieur le rapporteur ; ils auront doublé d’ici à la fin du mandat d’[PERSONNE], comme s’y était engagé [PERSONNE], alors premier ministre. Nous avons mis fin à l’aveuglement en supprimant le numerus clausus. Nous avons aussi libéré du temps médical, renforcé les compétences des autres professionnels, mis progressivement fin à l’exercice isolé, facilité la télémédecine et mis en place le service d’accès aux soins (SAS), qui permet d’obtenir une réponse adaptée à la demande.Nous devons aller plus loin encore. De nombreuses mesures restent à prendre : mettre fin aux certificats médicaux inutiles, renforcer l’accès direct à certains praticiens, poursuivre la coopération entre professionnels – tout cela doit se faire avec les soignants, en leur témoignant notre confiance. Telle est la vision défendue par le groupe [GROUPE], celle d’un système de santé adapté à notre époque, souple, innovant, qui repose beaucoup plus sur la médecine en ville, qui permette à nos concitoyens d’être soignés à proximité. Nous défendons cette vision avec humilité, en considération des difficultés actuelles de nos concitoyens, dans la situation démographique implacable où nous sommes. Nous la défendons avec l’ambition d’être utiles aux Français. Faisons preuve de courage, chers collègues, mais ne construisons pas une nouvelle ligne Maginot ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793532",
   "speaker": "Murielle Lepvraud",
   "quality": "Mme Murielle Lepvraud",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 143,
   "text": "Je vous parlerai d’une femme, mère de trois enfants – qu’elle élevait seule –, médecin de campagne dans un bourg des Côtes-d’Armor, il y a trente ans. À l’époque, elle travaillait 24 heures sur 24 en semaine. Les dimanches, une garde était organisée avec les deux autres médecins de la commune – elle travaillait donc un week-end sur trois. Des patients pouvaient arriver à n’importe quelle heure du jour où de la nuit mais, une bonne partie du temps, c’est elle qui se déplaçait sur les routes, en visite. Trop de travail, trop de charge mentale professionnelle et familiale, trop de tabac sans doute, ont précipité son infarctus, à 53 ans. Il lui fut alors impossible de reprendre le travail. Elle se mit donc à chercher un médecin pour prendre la suite. En vain. Trop de patients, dans un endroit trop éloigné de tout, pas assez près de la mer… Sa patientèle dut alors se débrouiller et se répartir chez les confrères, déjà bien occupés. Cette femme, c’était ma mère. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe GDR.)C’était il y a trente ans, au début de la dégradation de l’accès aux soins, au moment où l’on entendait en boucle « la santé coûte trop cher », « quand il y a trop de médecins, il y a trop de malades » – l’époque où la profession incitait, primes à l’appui, les médecins à partir à la retraite à 56 ans. Les conditions de travail des médecins libéraux ont heureusement évolué, grâce notamment à l’augmentation du nombre de femmes praticiennes. Cependant, la pénurie de médecins, organisée par la profession elle-même, a entraîné une détérioration de l’accès aux soins et une répartition inégale de la charge de travail sur un nombre restreint de praticiens.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 143,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694787",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 298,
   "annotation_id": "N7bb0cd43da94",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous parlerai d’une femme, mère de trois enfants – qu’elle élevait seule –, médecin de campagne dans un bourg des Côtes-d’Armor, il y a trente ans. À l’époque, elle travaillait 24 heures sur 24 en semaine. Les dimanches, une garde était organisée avec les deux autres médecins de la commune – elle travaillait donc un week-end sur trois. Des patients pouvaient arriver à n’importe quelle heure du jour où de la nuit mais, une bonne partie du temps, c’est elle qui se déplaçait sur les routes, en visite. Trop de travail, trop de charge mentale professionnelle et familiale, trop de tabac sans doute, ont précipité son infarctus, à 53 ans. Il lui fut alors impossible de reprendre le travail. Elle se mit donc à chercher un médecin pour prendre la suite. En vain. Trop de patients, dans un endroit trop éloigné de tout, pas assez près de la mer… Sa patientèle dut alors se débrouiller et se répartir chez les confrères, déjà bien occupés. Cette femme, c’était ma mère. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)C’était il y a trente ans, au début de la dégradation de l’accès aux soins, au moment où l’on entendait en boucle « la santé coûte trop cher », « quand il y a trop de médecins, il y a trop de malades » – l’époque où la profession incitait, primes à l’appui, les médecins à partir à la retraite à 56 ans. Les conditions de travail des médecins libéraux ont heureusement évolué, grâce notamment à l’augmentation du nombre de femmes praticiennes. Cependant, la pénurie de médecins, organisée par la profession elle-même, a entraîné une détérioration de l’accès aux soins et une répartition inégale de la charge de travail sur un nombre restreint de praticiens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793532",
   "speaker": "Murielle Lepvraud",
   "quality": "Mme Murielle Lepvraud",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694790",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694790"
   ],
   "order": 146,
   "text": "Pour faire face à cette pénurie, on prend aujourd’hui des mesures destinées à inciter les médecins à prolonger leur activité après l’âge de la retraite, notamment au moyen du cumul emploi-retraite.Environ 30 % de la population française vit désormais dans un désert médical. Selon la direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees), près de 11 % de la population vivait dans une zone sous-dotée en médecins généralistes en 2024 ; 7 millions de Français sont en grande difficulté pour obtenir un rendez-vous dans un délai raisonnable ; plus de 1 million de personnes renoncent chaque année à se soigner ; on meurt sur des brancards aux urgences ; la mortalité infantile remonte. Nous constatons depuis des années la détérioration progressive de notre système de santé publique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS.)Les élus locaux sont témoins des difficultés croissantes de leurs administrés pour obtenir un rendez-vous médical. Dans mon département, plus d’une cinquantaine de maires ont pris des arrêtés pour exhorter l’État à agir en urgence afin d’améliorer l’accès aux soins. Pendant ce temps, des communes rurales rivalisent d’imagination pour attirer des professionnels de santé, allant jusqu’à proposer des ponts d’or à celui qui daignerait venir s’installer dans leur coin perdu. Est-ce vraiment aux médecins qu’il faut accorder des aides financières à l’installation, alors que ces mesures incitatives ne produisent pas les effets escomptés ?Conscient de la situation, le groupe transpartisan initié par Guillaume Garot travaille depuis trois ans sur l’accès aux soins. Et aujourd’hui, nous pouvons enfin examiner un texte visant à lutter contre les déserts médicaux.Bien que cette proposition de loi s’en tienne au minimum et se concentre sur trois mesures prioritaires – la régulation, la formation et la permanence des soins –, cela n’a pas empêché les lobbys des médecins libéraux de mener une offensive pour tenter d’empêcher son adoption : ces derniers préfèrent maintenir un statu quo intenable pour la population. À l’Assemblée nationale, l’offensive est menée par une majorité de députés médecins. Certains d’entre eux s’opposent au texte au nom de la liberté d’installation, alors que nous proposons uniquement que, dans les zones surdotées, un médecin ne puisse s’installer que si un confrère part à la retraite. Partout ailleurs, il n’y aurait pas de régulation : 87 % du territoire resterait donc librement accessible aux médecins. Il n’y a là aucune coercition !En l’espace de quelques décennies, nous sommes passés d’un extrême à l’autre : autrefois, les médecins étaient toujours disponibles, car constamment en service ; ils sont aujourd’hui difficilement accessibles, débordés et quasi introuvables le week-end. Qu’ils travaillent moins qu’auparavant ou que certains choisissent un temps partiel ne pose pas de difficulté en soi. La continuité des soins doit être garantie, en tout lieu et à toute heure – c’est l’objet de l’article 4. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR.)Le volontariat s’est révélé insuffisant pour répondre aux besoins des patients sur l’ensemble du territoire. Le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins évoque même un désengagement des médecins libéraux. En 2024, moins de 40 % d’entre eux ont participé à la permanence des soins ambulatoires. En rétablissant l’obligation de permanence des soins pour l’ensemble des praticiens, il deviendra possible de mieux répartir la charge de travail tout en améliorant l’accès aux soins. La solidarité est toujours bénéfique !Pour toutes celles et tous ceux qui ne parviennent plus à se soigner, en milieu rural comme dans les quartiers, je vous invite donc à voter en faveur de cette proposition de loi d’utilité publique. (Les députés du groupe LFI-NFP se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 146,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694790",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 620,
   "annotation_id": "N3037f329d3d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour faire face à cette pénurie, on prend aujourd’hui des mesures destinées à inciter les médecins à prolonger leur activité après l’âge de la retraite, notamment au moyen du cumul emploi-retraite.Environ 30 % de la population française vit désormais dans un désert médical. Selon la direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees), près de 11 % de la population vivait dans une zone sous-dotée en médecins généralistes en 2024 ; 7 millions de Français sont en grande difficulté pour obtenir un rendez-vous dans un délai raisonnable ; plus de 1 million de personnes renoncent chaque année à se soigner ; on meurt sur des brancards aux urgences ; la mortalité infantile remonte. Nous constatons depuis des années la détérioration progressive de notre système de santé publique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Les élus locaux sont témoins des difficultés croissantes de leurs administrés pour obtenir un rendez-vous médical. Dans mon département, plus d’une cinquantaine de maires ont pris des arrêtés pour exhorter l’État à agir en urgence afin d’améliorer l’accès aux soins. Pendant ce temps, des communes rurales rivalisent d’imagination pour attirer des professionnels de santé, allant jusqu’à proposer des ponts d’or à celui qui daignerait venir s’installer dans leur coin perdu. Est-ce vraiment aux médecins qu’il faut accorder des aides financières à l’installation, alors que ces mesures incitatives ne produisent pas les effets escomptés ?Conscient de la situation, le groupe transpartisan initié par [PERSONNE] travaille depuis trois ans sur l’accès aux soins. Et aujourd’hui, nous pouvons enfin examiner un texte visant à lutter contre les déserts médicaux.Bien que cette proposition de loi s’en tienne au minimum et se concentre sur trois mesures prioritaires – la régulation, la formation et la permanence des soins –, cela n’a pas empêché les lobbys des médecins libéraux de mener une offensive pour tenter d’empêcher son adoption : ces derniers préfèrent maintenir un statu quo intenable pour la population. À l’Assemblée nationale, l’offensive est menée par une majorité de députés médecins. Certains d’entre eux s’opposent au texte au nom de la liberté d’installation, alors que nous proposons uniquement que, dans les zones surdotées, un médecin ne puisse s’installer que si un confrère part à la retraite. Partout ailleurs, il n’y aurait pas de régulation : 87 % du territoire resterait donc librement accessible aux médecins. Il n’y a là aucune coercition !En l’espace de quelques décennies, nous sommes passés d’un extrême à l’autre : autrefois, les médecins étaient toujours disponibles, car constamment en service ; ils sont aujourd’hui difficilement accessibles, débordés et quasi introuvables le week-end. Qu’ils travaillent moins qu’auparavant ou que certains choisissent un temps partiel ne pose pas de difficulté en soi. La continuité des soins doit être garantie, en tout lieu et à toute heure – c’est l’objet de l’article 4. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Le volontariat s’est révélé insuffisant pour répondre aux besoins des patients sur l’ensemble du territoire. Le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins évoque même un désengagement des médecins libéraux. En 2024, moins de 40 % d’entre eux ont participé à la permanence des soins ambulatoires. En rétablissant l’obligation de permanence des soins pour l’ensemble des praticiens, il deviendra possible de mieux répartir la charge de travail tout en améliorant l’accès aux soins. La solidarité est toujours bénéfique !Pour toutes celles et tous ceux qui ne parviennent plus à se soigner, en milieu rural comme dans les quartiers, je vous invite donc à voter en faveur de cette proposition de loi d’utilité publique. (Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642764",
   "speaker": "Joël Aviragnet",
   "quality": "M. Joël Aviragnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694798",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694798"
   ],
   "order": 157,
   "text": "Je salue aussi l’abnégation des membres du groupe transpartisan, qui se sont mobilisés chaque semaine depuis trois ans, et qui ont mis leurs divergences de côté pour produire ce que la politique peut faire de mieux : servir l’intérêt général. Cette nouvelle méthode doit nous inspirer, car elle permet au Parlement d’examiner enfin, ce soir, une proposition de loi pour mettre fin aux déserts médicaux. Nous nous apprêtons peut-être à connaître un moment phare de notre vie parlementaire. Si ce texte venait à être adopté, nous prouverions aux Français que nous les écoutons, que nous sommes sensibles aux alertes qu’ils formulent lorsqu’ils nous interpellent dans nos permanences ou sur les marchés, et que nous agissons pour réduire les délais pour obtenir un rendez-vous avec un médecin. Notre rôle est de légiférer. Notre mission est de servir les Français. Notre horizon doit être l’amélioration de leur vie quotidienne.Fruit d’un travail transpartisan, le présent texte propose une approche globale. Les différents mécanismes qu’il prévoit permettront d’améliorer l’accès aux soins. Seule, la régulation ne résoudrait rien ; mais sans régulation, l’incitation est inefficace – l’expérience l’a montré. En actionnant plusieurs leviers, cette proposition de loi mettra fin, si elle était votée, à la spirale infernale qui conduit nos territoires, notamment ruraux, à manquer de médecins.La suppression de la majoration des tarifs à l’encontre des patients qui n’ont pas de médecin traitant relève du bon sens. Pourquoi punir ces concitoyens en les faisant payer plus cher ? Proposer une formation en première année de médecine dans chaque département aura le mérite d’ancrer territorialement les jeunes médecins et de les inciter à exercer par la suite dans les territoires qui manquent de professionnels. Enfin, le rétablissement de l’obligation de permanence des soins est une mesure évidente d’équité.Je sais que cette proposition de loi suscite des débats, mais je constate l’évolution des mentalités sur le sujet. De nombreuses professions médicales ou paramédicales sont d’ores et déjà régulées et, quoi qu’on en dise en France ou à l’étranger, cela fonctionne.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 157,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694798",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 333,
   "annotation_id": "N92eb4834eb22",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue aussi l’abnégation des membres du groupe transpartisan, qui se sont mobilisés chaque semaine depuis trois ans, et qui ont mis leurs divergences de côté pour produire ce que la politique peut faire de mieux : servir l’intérêt général. Cette nouvelle méthode doit nous inspirer, car elle permet au Parlement d’examiner enfin, ce soir, une proposition de loi pour mettre fin aux déserts médicaux. Nous nous apprêtons peut-être à connaître un moment phare de notre vie parlementaire. Si ce texte venait à être adopté, nous prouverions aux Français que nous les écoutons, que nous sommes sensibles aux alertes qu’ils formulent lorsqu’ils nous interpellent dans nos permanences ou sur les marchés, et que nous agissons pour réduire les délais pour obtenir un rendez-vous avec un médecin. Notre rôle est de légiférer. Notre mission est de servir les Français. Notre horizon doit être l’amélioration de leur vie quotidienne.Fruit d’un travail transpartisan, le présent texte propose une approche globale. Les différents mécanismes qu’il prévoit permettront d’améliorer l’accès aux soins. Seule, la régulation ne résoudrait rien ; mais sans régulation, l’incitation est inefficace – l’expérience l’a montré. En actionnant plusieurs leviers, cette proposition de loi mettra fin, si elle était votée, à la spirale infernale qui conduit nos territoires, notamment ruraux, à manquer de médecins.La suppression de la majoration des tarifs à l’encontre des patients qui n’ont pas de médecin traitant relève du bon sens. Pourquoi punir ces concitoyens en les faisant payer plus cher ? Proposer une formation en première année de médecine dans chaque département aura le mérite d’ancrer territorialement les jeunes médecins et de les inciter à exercer par la suite dans les territoires qui manquent de professionnels. Enfin, le rétablissement de l’obligation de permanence des soins est une mesure évidente d’équité.Je sais que cette proposition de loi suscite des débats, mais je constate l’évolution des mentalités sur le sujet. De nombreuses professions médicales ou paramédicales sont d’ores et déjà régulées et, quoi qu’on en dise en France ou à l’étranger, cela fonctionne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642764",
   "speaker": "Joël Aviragnet",
   "quality": "M. Joël Aviragnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694916",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694916"
   ],
   "order": 162,
   "text": "Nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre le luxe de l’inaction ; la situation est trop grave. Les Français n’accepteraient pas la lâcheté ni le confort du statu quo.Mes chers collègues, écoutez nos concitoyens, entendez leur détresse et agissons ! Agissons en votant cette loi. Agissons en rétablissant l’article 1er, afin que le dispositif cohérent et ambitieux prévu initialement puisse s’appliquer. Combattons les déserts médicaux, loin des postures partisanes et dans le seul intérêt des Français. De la sorte, nous leur serions utiles et nous réaliserions ce pourquoi chacun d’entre nous s’est engagé en politique : améliorer la vie des gens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NFP, EcoS, Dem et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 162,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694916",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N3ddf56fa3ee9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre le luxe de l’inaction ; la situation est trop grave. Les Français n’accepteraient pas la lâcheté ni le confort du statu quo.Mes chers collègues, écoutez nos concitoyens, entendez leur détresse et agissons ! Agissons en votant cette loi. Agissons en rétablissant l’article 1er, afin que le dispositif cohérent et ambitieux prévu initialement puisse s’appliquer. Combattons les déserts médicaux, loin des postures partisanes et dans le seul intérêt des Français. De la sorte, nous leur serions utiles et nous réaliserions ce pourquoi chacun d’entre nous s’est engagé en politique : améliorer la vie des gens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694919",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694919"
   ],
   "order": 165,
   "text": "Tout d’abord, partageons un constat qui peut faire consensus : nous avons un problème réel et croissant de désertification médicale ; nous manquons de médecins qui s’installent. Nos concitoyens ressentent à raison une fracture territoriale. Lorsque l’on ne trouve plus de médecin à proximité de chez soi, cela nourrit un sentiment d’abandon, que chacun peut comprendre.Des déserts médicaux existent dans l’immense majorité des circonscriptions des députés du groupe Droite républicaine, y compris dans mon département, la Meurthe-et-Moselle. Nous appelons tous à des solutions.Pour remédier au problème, il faut poser le bon diagnostic. Comment en sommes-nous arrivés là ? Nous observons plusieurs phénomènes cumulatifs, qui n’ont pas été anticipés.Premier constat : les modes d’exercice changent. Il faut désormais 2,3 jeunes médecins pour remplacer un médecin retraité.Deuxième constat : un virage vers l’exercice salarié ou mixte s’opère de manière accélérée. Aujourd’hui, seulement 12 % des étudiants en médecine, toutes spécialités comprises, choisissent l’exercice libéral, et ce chiffre baisse depuis plusieurs années. Or seul un médecin libéral peut devenir médecin traitant, et un médecin libéral accomplit en moyenne plus d’actes qu’un médecin salarié, ainsi que l’a récemment rappelé un rapport de l’Inspection générale des affaires sociales (Igas).Troisième constat : les Français sont de plus en plus âgés. D’ici à 2030, le nombre de Français âgés de 75 à 84 ans augmentera de 50 %. Qui plus est, les pathologies se complexifient.Face à ce triple constat, quelles solutions apporter ?La première réponse est dans la formation. Mais nous avons un problème : nous formons actuellement presque le même nombre de médecins qu’en 1970, alors que nous sommes 15 millions de plus et que les besoins en soins augmentent.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 165,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694919",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 274,
   "annotation_id": "Ne0a3fdce8f5a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Tout d’abord, partageons un constat qui peut faire consensus : nous avons un problème réel et croissant de désertification médicale ; nous manquons de médecins qui s’installent. Nos concitoyens ressentent à raison une fracture territoriale. Lorsque l’on ne trouve plus de médecin à proximité de chez soi, cela nourrit un sentiment d’abandon, que chacun peut comprendre.Des déserts médicaux existent dans l’immense majorité des circonscriptions des députés du groupe [GROUPE], y compris dans mon département, la Meurthe-et-Moselle. Nous appelons tous à des solutions.Pour remédier au problème, il faut poser le bon diagnostic. Comment en sommes-nous arrivés là ? Nous observons plusieurs phénomènes cumulatifs, qui n’ont pas été anticipés.Premier constat : les modes d’exercice changent. Il faut désormais 2,3 jeunes médecins pour remplacer un médecin retraité.Deuxième constat : un virage vers l’exercice salarié ou mixte s’opère de manière accélérée. Aujourd’hui, seulement 12 % des étudiants en médecine, toutes spécialités comprises, choisissent l’exercice libéral, et ce chiffre baisse depuis plusieurs années. Or seul un médecin libéral peut devenir médecin traitant, et un médecin libéral accomplit en moyenne plus d’actes qu’un médecin salarié, ainsi que l’a récemment rappelé un rapport de l’Inspection générale des affaires sociales (Igas).Troisième constat : les Français sont de plus en plus âgés. D’ici à 2030, le nombre de Français âgés de 75 à 84 ans augmentera de 50 %. Qui plus est, les pathologies se complexifient.Face à ce triple constat, quelles solutions apporter ?La première réponse est dans la formation. Mais nous avons un problème : nous formons actuellement presque le même nombre de médecins qu’en 1970, alors que nous sommes 15 millions de plus et que les besoins en soins augmentent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694928",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694928"
   ],
   "order": 174,
   "text": "Entre 2010 et 2022, le nombre de médecins a diminué de 11 %. Un autre phénomène est plus inquiétant encore : au bout de seulement quelques années, des médecins n’exercent plus du tout.Vous vous êtes engagé, monsieur le ministre, à augmenter le nombre de places ouvertes en deuxième année de médecine, tout en faisant revenir les 5 000 étudiants français en médecine partis se former à l’étranger. Nous devons probablement tendre, d’ici cinq ans, vers le chiffre de 20 000 places ouvertes en deuxième année. Il convient en outre d’examiner avec les facultés les raisons pour lesquelles celles-ci n’ont pas toutes utilisé à plein le numerus apertus.Certains diront : « C’est trop long ! » Je l’entends et le comprends. Au sein de mon groupe, nous sommes plusieurs à ressentir une certaine lassitude. Nous avons le sentiment que le sujet de la désertification médicale est abordé régulièrement, mais sans que nos concitoyens constatent une amélioration dans leur vie quotidienne. Oui, il faut aussi des réponses de court terme.Nous considérons que les actions déployées jusqu’à présent ne suffisent pas. Je ne cache pas d’ailleurs que nous avons eu des débats au sein du groupe Droite républicaine, ni que les solutions nous divisent.Cela étant dit, s’il est indéniable que nous manquons de médecins installés dans la plupart de nos territoires et que le problème est de plus en plus prégnant, la France devenant un désert médical dans sa totalité ou presque, cette proposition de loi, en l’état, risque à mon sens d’aggraver le problème qu’elle prétend traiter plutôt que d’y remédier.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 174,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694928",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 259,
   "annotation_id": "Ndcc8c36dfa6c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Entre 2010 et 2022, le nombre de médecins a diminué de 11 %. Un autre phénomène est plus inquiétant encore : au bout de seulement quelques années, des médecins n’exercent plus du tout.Vous vous êtes engagé, monsieur le ministre, à augmenter le nombre de places ouvertes en deuxième année de médecine, tout en faisant revenir les 5 000 étudiants français en médecine partis se former à l’étranger. Nous devons probablement tendre, d’ici cinq ans, vers le chiffre de 20 000 places ouvertes en deuxième année. Il convient en outre d’examiner avec les facultés les raisons pour lesquelles celles-ci n’ont pas toutes utilisé à plein le numerus apertus.Certains diront : « C’est trop long ! » Je l’entends et le comprends. Au sein de mon groupe, nous sommes plusieurs à ressentir une certaine lassitude. Nous avons le sentiment que le sujet de la désertification médicale est abordé régulièrement, mais sans que nos concitoyens constatent une amélioration dans leur vie quotidienne. Oui, il faut aussi des réponses de court terme.Nous considérons que les actions déployées jusqu’à présent ne suffisent pas. Je ne cache pas d’ailleurs que nous avons eu des débats au sein du groupe [GROUPE], ni que les solutions nous divisent.Cela étant dit, s’il est indéniable que nous manquons de médecins installés dans la plupart de nos territoires et que le problème est de plus en plus prégnant, la France devenant un désert médical dans sa totalité ou presque, cette proposition de loi, en l’état, risque à mon sens d’aggraver le problème qu’elle prétend traiter plutôt que d’y remédier."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694934",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694934"
   ],
   "order": 180,
   "text": "Dit autrement, les dispositions envisagées ne risquent-elles pas de provoquer encore davantage de pénurie, donc de créer plus de déserts médicaux ? En quoi conduiront-elles à une augmentation du nombre d’installations ? En quoi inciteront-elles demain les internes en médecine générale à choisir l’installation plutôt que le salariat ou l’exercice libéral sans installation, par exemple le remplacement exclusif ou la télémédecine, qui est en plein essor ?Nous nous posons ces questions en particulier à propos de l’article 1er, que le rapporteur souhaite rétablir. Cet article tend à créer une autorisation d’installation qui sera délivrée aux médecins par les ARS en fonction du zonage que celles-ci établissent. Or ce zonage est problématique : les ARS ne le fournissent que tous les deux ans, et il ne couvre que 87 % du territoire. C’est très insuffisant et cela bloque même l’installation de médecins dans des zones officiellement dotées alors qu’elles ne le sont plus depuis des mois, voire depuis plus d’un an.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 180,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694934",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 160,
   "annotation_id": "Nf08465c04971",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dit autrement, les dispositions envisagées ne risquent-elles pas de provoquer encore davantage de pénurie, donc de créer plus de déserts médicaux ? En quoi conduiront-elles à une augmentation du nombre d’installations ? En quoi inciteront-elles demain les internes en médecine générale à choisir l’installation plutôt que le salariat ou l’exercice libéral sans installation, par exemple le remplacement exclusif ou la télémédecine, qui est en plein essor ?Nous nous posons ces questions en particulier à propos de l’article 1er, que le rapporteur souhaite rétablir. Cet article tend à créer une autorisation d’installation qui sera délivrée aux médecins par les ARS en fonction du zonage que celles-ci établissent. Or ce zonage est problématique : les ARS ne le fournissent que tous les deux ans, et il ne couvre que 87 % du territoire. C’est très insuffisant et cela bloque même l’installation de médecins dans des zones officiellement dotées alors qu’elles ne le sont plus depuis des mois, voire depuis plus d’un an."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694937",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694937"
   ],
   "order": 183,
   "text": "Il y a plusieurs exemples de cette nature dans ma circonscription, et cela m’agace au plus haut point. Ce dispositif risque de pénaliser injustement des territoires qui, dans les faits, manquent de médecins.Nos débats en commission ont montré qu’il fallait retravailler d’urgence la question du zonage : celui-ci est inadapté aux réalités locales pour les généralistes ; il est inexistant pour les non-généralistes. J’ai déposé plusieurs sous-amendements à l’amendement no 55 du rapporteur, afin que nous débattions de nouveau de l’article 1er, rejeté en commission.Certains veulent mieux répartir demain les médecins qui s’installent. Encore faut-il qu’il y en ait qui s’installent ! C’est le premier enjeu : nous avons besoin que davantage de médecins s’installent. Comment augmenter ce flux ?J’appelle à un choc massif et urgent d’attractivité pour les médecins qui s’installent. Il est urgent de rendre la médecine libérale plus attractive, de libérer du temps médical et de redonner du sens au travail des médecins, dans un partenariat exigeant et valorisant avec ceux qui s’engagent dans nos territoires.À mon sens, il faut travailler à des solutions alternatives à l’article 1er, à court terme, pour que ce texte de loi ne soit pas une énième promesse non tenue. Nos concitoyens, qui attendent des solutions, nous le reprocheraient à raison. Je propose par exemple que nous développions l’assistanat territorial pour toutes les spécialités : 3 700 médecins juniors arriveront dans ce cadre en novembre 2026 ; amplifions le mouvement en portant ce nombre à 6 000 ! Veillons également à ne pas casser les dynamiques engagées par certaines collectivités.Nous sommes au début d’un processus législatif au cours duquel il sera nécessaire de s’accorder avec les sénateurs pour élaborer des solutions adaptées et efficaces. Si la rédaction n’évolue pas, vous n’obtiendrez pas le soutien unanime du groupe Droite républicaine pour ce texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes DR et HOR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 183,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694937",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 309,
   "annotation_id": "N4d991647a5ba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a plusieurs exemples de cette nature dans ma circonscription, et cela m’agace au plus haut point. Ce dispositif risque de pénaliser injustement des territoires qui, dans les faits, manquent de médecins.Nos débats en commission ont montré qu’il fallait retravailler d’urgence la question du zonage : celui-ci est inadapté aux réalités locales pour les généralistes ; il est inexistant pour les non-généralistes. J’ai déposé plusieurs sous-amendements à l’amendement no 55 du rapporteur, afin que nous débattions de nouveau de l’article 1er, rejeté en commission.Certains veulent mieux répartir demain les médecins qui s’installent. Encore faut-il qu’il y en ait qui s’installent ! C’est le premier enjeu : nous avons besoin que davantage de médecins s’installent. Comment augmenter ce flux ?J’appelle à un choc massif et urgent d’attractivité pour les médecins qui s’installent. Il est urgent de rendre la médecine libérale plus attractive, de libérer du temps médical et de redonner du sens au travail des médecins, dans un partenariat exigeant et valorisant avec ceux qui s’engagent dans nos territoires.À mon sens, il faut travailler à des solutions alternatives à l’article 1er, à court terme, pour que ce texte de loi ne soit pas une énième promesse non tenue. Nos concitoyens, qui attendent des solutions, nous le reprocheraient à raison. Je propose par exemple que nous développions l’assistanat territorial pour toutes les spécialités : 3 700 médecins juniors arriveront dans ce cadre en novembre 2026 ; amplifions le mouvement en portant ce nombre à 6 000 ! Veillons également à ne pas casser les dynamiques engagées par certaines collectivités.Nous sommes au début d’un processus législatif au cours duquel il sera nécessaire de s’accorder avec les sénateurs pour élaborer des solutions adaptées et efficaces. Si la rédaction n’évolue pas, vous n’obtiendrez pas le soutien unanime du groupe [GROUPE] pour ce texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes DR et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694944",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694944"
   ],
   "order": 190,
   "text": "Ce soir, c’est l’heure de vérité, dans la configuration politique actuelle de l’Assemblée nationale. Le vote qui aura lieu sur ce texte ne sera le vote d’aucun groupe. Il ne relève pas des catégories habituelles. Il transcende tout, parce qu’il porte sur une question de vie ou de mort, au sens réel du terme, pour les citoyennes et les citoyens que nous représentons, comme pour l’avenir des territoires.Cette proposition de loi n’appartient à personne, si ce n’est à l’Assemblée nationale et, à travers elle, au peuple qui nous a confié le mandat de voter les lois qui résolvent les problèmes de la vie de tous les jours.Elle n’est pas socialiste ; elle ne porte pas atteinte à la liberté d’installation. Elle n’est pas Insoumise ni communiste ; elle ne supprime pas la médecine libérale. Elle n’est pas écologiste ; elle ne déstabilise pas le système de soins pour passer à un système fondé sur la pleine santé, privilégiant la santé environnementale, le sport santé et la qualité de l’alimentation. Elle n’est pas non plus libérale, parce qu’elle ne se résigne pas au fait accompli des inégalités. Elle n’est pas centriste, au sens auquel la caricature résume parfois le centrisme, à savoir une forme d’indécision et de non-choix. Elle n’est rien de cela.C’est une proposition de loi démocratique et républicaine, à laquelle chacune et chacun d’entre nous, face à l’urgence de santé publique, a décidé d’apporter sa pierre, pour construire une solution d’intérêt général. (Mme Dominique Voynet applaudit.) Nous avons travaillé ensemble, en refusant le sectarisme. Ce texte vient des profondeurs du pays. Il est soutenu par 86 % des Françaises et des Français.Pour chacune et chacun d’entre nous, les drames des déserts médicaux ont des visages. Je pense pour ma part à cet habitant des Deux-Sèvres affecté par un banal rhume, puis par une fièvre sévère. Les tests de la grippe et du covid ayant donné un résultat négatif, un rendez-vous est demandé avec le médecin traitant de la commune, mais celui-ci ne peut pas le recevoir avant quinze jours. S’ensuit l’application des recommandations que l’on trouve sur internet dans ce genre de circonstances : l’alternance entre paracétamol et ibuprofène pour faire tomber la fièvre. Or, quelques jours de fièvre plus tard, c’est l’enchaînement : SOS Médecins, prise de sang, infection sévère, hospitalisation. C’était en fait une pneumonie qui, faute d’être soignée à temps, aggravée par l’ibuprofène, est devenue une septicémie, puis une myocardite aiguë, entraînant examens, intervention, hospitalisation.Combien de victimes des déserts médicaux y a-t-il dans nos hôpitaux ? Combien de ravages de l’automédication ? Combien de renoncements aux soins ? Combien de pertes de chance ? Quel est le coût pour l’assurance maladie ? Avec le groupe de travail transpartisan sur les déserts médicaux, nous avons formé une sorte de conseil national de la résilience pour la santé de proximité. Nous sommes humbles, nous ne prétendons pas au miracle, mais nous ne renonçons pas à l’idée qu’il est possible d’améliorer l’accès aux soins.Aux choix irrationnels d’hier avec le numerus clausus ne doivent pas succéder les choix irrationnels d’aujourd’hui face aux inégalités flagrantes de la démographie médicale. Nous le disons non seulement au nom des habitants, mais aussi au nom d’un nombre croissant de médecins, dont nous recevons les témoignages : ils se surpassent à la tâche ; ils sont épuisés ;…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "article": "",
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   "s": "V",
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   "analysis_text": "Ce soir, c’est l’heure de vérité, dans la configuration politique actuelle de l’Assemblée nationale. Le vote qui aura lieu sur ce texte ne sera le vote d’aucun groupe. Il ne relève pas des catégories habituelles. Il transcende tout, parce qu’il porte sur une question de vie ou de mort, au sens réel du terme, pour les citoyennes et les citoyens que nous représentons, comme pour l’avenir des territoires.Cette proposition de loi n’appartient à personne, si ce n’est à l’Assemblée nationale et, à travers elle, au peuple qui nous a confié le mandat de voter les lois qui résolvent les problèmes de la vie de tous les jours.Elle n’est pas [GROUPE] ; elle ne porte pas atteinte à la liberté d’installation. Elle n’est pas Insoumise ni communiste ; elle ne supprime pas la médecine libérale. Elle n’est pas [GROUPE] ; elle ne déstabilise pas le système de soins pour passer à un système fondé sur la pleine santé, privilégiant la santé environnementale, le sport santé et la qualité de l’alimentation. Elle n’est pas non plus libérale, parce qu’elle ne se résigne pas au fait accompli des inégalités. Elle n’est pas centriste, au sens auquel la caricature résume parfois le centrisme, à savoir une forme d’indécision et de non-choix. Elle n’est rien de cela.C’est une proposition de loi démocratique et républicaine, à laquelle chacune et chacun d’entre nous, face à l’urgence de santé publique, a décidé d’apporter sa pierre, pour construire une solution d’intérêt général. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Nous avons travaillé ensemble, en refusant le sectarisme. Ce texte vient des profondeurs du pays. Il est soutenu par 86 % des Françaises et des Français.Pour chacune et chacun d’entre nous, les drames des déserts médicaux ont des visages. Je pense pour ma part à cet habitant des Deux-Sèvres affecté par un banal rhume, puis par une fièvre sévère. Les tests de la grippe et du covid ayant donné un résultat négatif, un rendez-vous est demandé avec le médecin traitant de la commune, mais celui-ci ne peut pas le recevoir avant quinze jours. S’ensuit l’application des recommandations que l’on trouve sur internet dans ce genre de circonstances : l’alternance entre paracétamol et ibuprofène pour faire tomber la fièvre. Or, quelques jours de fièvre plus tard, c’est l’enchaînement : SOS Médecins, prise de sang, infection sévère, hospitalisation. C’était en fait une pneumonie qui, faute d’être soignée à temps, aggravée par l’ibuprofène, est devenue une septicémie, puis une myocardite aiguë, entraînant examens, intervention, hospitalisation.Combien de victimes des déserts médicaux y a-t-il dans nos hôpitaux ? Combien de ravages de l’automédication ? Combien de renoncements aux soins ? Combien de pertes de chance ? Quel est le coût pour l’assurance maladie ? Avec le groupe de travail transpartisan sur les déserts médicaux, nous avons formé une sorte de conseil national de la résilience pour la santé de proximité. Nous sommes humbles, nous ne prétendons pas au miracle, mais nous ne renonçons pas à l’idée qu’il est possible d’améliorer l’accès aux soins.Aux choix irrationnels d’hier avec le numerus clausus ne doivent pas succéder les choix irrationnels d’aujourd’hui face aux inégalités flagrantes de la démographie médicale. Nous le disons non seulement au nom des habitants, mais aussi au nom d’un nombre croissant de médecins, dont nous recevons les témoignages : ils se surpassent à la tâche ; ils sont épuisés ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
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   "text": "…leur souffrance est aggravée par l’inquiétude pour l’avenir de leurs patients une fois qu’ils seront partis à la retraite. Tous les jours, dans les Deux-Sèvres, je vois des médecins engagés qui se démènent, qui se font à la fois généralistes, pédiatres, gynécologues, gériatres et psychiatres. Je pense en particulier aux médecins maîtres de stage, auxquels on devrait décerner la Légion d’honneur. Elles et ils ont besoin que les renforts arrivent.Aux pathologies chroniques et aux besoins liés à l’augmentation de l’espérance de vie s’ajoutent désormais des bouleversements historiques : la guerre à nos portes, l’accélération du changement climatique et le danger de nouvelles pandémies, aggravé par les décisions scandaleuses de Donald Trump en matière d’aide humanitaire et de vaccins, représentent des risques supplémentaires qui mettent à l’épreuve notre système de soins. Quelles seront les forces morales du pays si, dans 87 % du territoire national, tout un chacun a peur de ne pas être soigné lorsqu’il tombe malade ?Nous appelons l’Assemblée nationale à être au rendez-vous de cette urgence et à rétablir l’article 1er, pierre angulaire de cette proposition de loi visant à lutter contre les déserts médicaux. Nous appelons chacune et chacun à voter librement, en conscience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, SOC et GDR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et Dem.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "analysis_text": "…leur souffrance est aggravée par l’inquiétude pour l’avenir de leurs patients une fois qu’ils seront partis à la retraite. Tous les jours, dans les Deux-Sèvres, je vois des médecins engagés qui se démènent, qui se font à la fois généralistes, pédiatres, gynécologues, gériatres et psychiatres. Je pense en particulier aux médecins maîtres de stage, auxquels on devrait décerner la Légion d’honneur. Elles et ils ont besoin que les renforts arrivent.Aux pathologies chroniques et aux besoins liés à l’augmentation de l’espérance de vie s’ajoutent désormais des bouleversements historiques : la guerre à nos portes, l’accélération du changement climatique et le danger de nouvelles pandémies, aggravé par les décisions scandaleuses de Donald Trump en matière d’aide humanitaire et de vaccins, représentent des risques supplémentaires qui mettent à l’épreuve notre système de soins. Quelles seront les forces morales du pays si, dans 87 % du territoire national, tout un chacun a peur de ne pas être soigné lorsqu’il tombe malade ?Nous appelons l’Assemblée nationale à être au rendez-vous de cette urgence et à rétablir l’article 1er, pierre angulaire de cette proposition de loi visant à lutter contre les déserts médicaux. Nous appelons chacune et chacun à voter librement, en conscience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
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   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "text": "En France, en 2025, de nombreux territoires souffrent d’une offre de soins insuffisante pour leur population. C’est le cas presque partout, même dans le Maine-et-Loire, alors que ce département n’est pas le moins doté – selon l’Insee, il est au 28e rang dans le classement des départements en fonction de la densité de médecins généralistes pour 100 000 habitants. Cependant, plus d’un tiers des habitants de ma circonscription résident dans un secteur sous-doté. C’est pourquoi je crois que nous devons poursuivre notre action, dans la continuité de ce que nous avons déjà fait. La proposition de loi permet de rouvrir ce sujet qui, en définitive, ne se ferme jamais.Depuis 2017, nous avons pris différentes mesures. Le Ségur de la santé a débouché sur des revalorisations salariales et un plan d’investissement dans les hôpitaux. Le nombre de maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles (MSP) a doublé. Plusieurs orateurs l’ont rappelé, nous avons supprimé le numerus clausus, et le nombre d’étudiants a augmenté de 22 %. Des aides financières continuent d’accompagner l’installation des médecins dans les zones sous-denses. Nous avons également accordé davantage de responsabilités aux pharmaciens et aux infirmiers. Nous avons libéré du temps médical, notamment grâce aux assistants médicaux, qui allègent la charge administrative des médecins. Et ainsi de suite.Mais force est de constater que la situation reste trop tendue sur le terrain, tant pour les patients que pour les médecins, certaines mesures étant des changements structurels qui mettent du temps à produire leurs effets.Les conclusions d’un rapport sénatorial de 2022 ne peuvent que nous encourager à sortir de l’inertie, alors que 1,6 million de Français renoncent chaque année à des soins médicaux. Je souligne d’ailleurs que la notion même de « désert médical » mérite d’être revue et précisée ; un indicateur plus pertinent est nécessaire pour évaluer la densité de l’offre de soins médicaux et paramédicaux par spécialité dans chaque territoire de santé.Notre groupe de travail propose ainsi de créer un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins, qui me semble très utile. La difficulté du sujet réside dans le fait que nous devons prendre tout à la fois des mesures de fond, qui produisent leurs effets dans le temps, et des mesures d’urgence, pour faire face aux difficultés.Nous le savons, la problématique principale de l’accès aux soins est liée à l’insuffisance du nombre et de la disponibilité des médecins généralistes ou spécialistes pour faire face aux besoins de santé, qui vont croissant. M. le ministre l’a dit : la solution consiste à former davantage de professionnels, professionnels qui s’installeront partout en France sur l’ensemble des territoires.Guillaume Garot l’a rappelé : depuis dix ans, le fossé ne cesse de se creuser entre les territoires qui attirent les médecins et voient leur nombre se maintenir, voire augmenter, et les territoires sous-denses. Sans être une solution miracle, la régulation de l’installation, à l’article 1er, vise à limiter cette dynamique.Je comprends les préoccupations des syndicats de médecins et d’étudiants en médecine. La régulation soulève des questions légitimes quant à son efficacité et à ses conséquences potentielles, notamment sur la motivation des jeunes médecins. Mais nous ne pouvons pas rester les bras croisés !Examinons ce texte, poursuivons surtout le travail entamé avec la profession pour mettre en œuvre certaines des propositions qu’elle a formulées : valoriser davantage les fonctions de maître de stage universitaire et de docteur junior pour accroître l’expérience professionnelle des praticiens libéraux dans les territoires ; supprimer le numerus apertus – M. le ministre a évoqué cette bonne mesure – ; doter les départements d’un site d’enseignement de première année ; renforcer les capacités hospitalières et pédagogiques locales.Regardons aussi avec attention les propositions de la profession relatives aux rémunérations, parfois inégales. On peut constater, par exemple, un déséquilibre entre les gardes, qui ont été revalorisées, et la rémunération horaire des médecins régulateurs.La question de l’attractivité du métier de médecin libéral est réelle, ne la laissons pas de côté !Ce texte propose un ensemble de mesures : la régulation de l’installation, la suppression de la majoration des tarifs pour les patients sans médecin traitant, l’encadrement de la financiarisation, l’accès aux études de médecine dans tous les territoires.Il me semble utile d’examiner cette proposition de loi car elle aborde un sujet qui préoccupe de nombreux citoyens et fait régulièrement l’actualité dans nos territoires. C’est le cas en Anjou, où l’accès aux soins psychiatriques est particulièrement problématique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et LIOT.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "analysis_text": "En France, en 2025, de nombreux territoires souffrent d’une offre de soins insuffisante pour leur population. C’est le cas presque partout, même dans le Maine-et-Loire, alors que ce département n’est pas le moins doté – selon l’Insee, il est au 28e rang dans le classement des départements en fonction de la densité de médecins généralistes pour 100 000 habitants. Cependant, plus d’un tiers des habitants de ma circonscription résident dans un secteur sous-doté. C’est pourquoi je crois que nous devons poursuivre notre action, dans la continuité de ce que nous avons déjà fait. La proposition de loi permet de rouvrir ce sujet qui, en définitive, ne se ferme jamais.Depuis 2017, nous avons pris différentes mesures. Le Ségur de la santé a débouché sur des revalorisations salariales et un plan d’investissement dans les hôpitaux. Le nombre de maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles (MSP) a doublé. Plusieurs orateurs l’ont rappelé, nous avons supprimé le numerus clausus, et le nombre d’étudiants a augmenté de 22 %. Des aides financières continuent d’accompagner l’installation des médecins dans les zones sous-denses. Nous avons également accordé davantage de responsabilités aux pharmaciens et aux infirmiers. Nous avons libéré du temps médical, notamment grâce aux assistants médicaux, qui allègent la charge administrative des médecins. Et ainsi de suite.Mais force est de constater que la situation reste trop tendue sur le terrain, tant pour les patients que pour les médecins, certaines mesures étant des changements structurels qui mettent du temps à produire leurs effets.Les conclusions d’un rapport sénatorial de 2022 ne peuvent que nous encourager à sortir de l’inertie, alors que 1,6 million de Français renoncent chaque année à des soins médicaux. Je souligne d’ailleurs que la notion même de « désert médical » mérite d’être revue et précisée ; un indicateur plus pertinent est nécessaire pour évaluer la densité de l’offre de soins médicaux et paramédicaux par spécialité dans chaque territoire de santé.Notre groupe de travail propose ainsi de créer un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins, qui me semble très utile. La difficulté du sujet réside dans le fait que nous devons prendre tout à la fois des mesures de fond, qui produisent leurs effets dans le temps, et des mesures d’urgence, pour faire face aux difficultés.Nous le savons, la problématique principale de l’accès aux soins est liée à l’insuffisance du nombre et de la disponibilité des médecins généralistes ou spécialistes pour faire face aux besoins de santé, qui vont croissant. M. le ministre l’a dit : la solution consiste à former davantage de professionnels, professionnels qui s’installeront partout en France sur l’ensemble des territoires.[PERSONNE] l’a rappelé : depuis dix ans, le fossé ne cesse de se creuser entre les territoires qui attirent les médecins et voient leur nombre se maintenir, voire augmenter, et les territoires sous-denses. Sans être une solution miracle, la régulation de l’installation, à l’article 1er, vise à limiter cette dynamique.Je comprends les préoccupations des syndicats de médecins et d’étudiants en médecine. La régulation soulève des questions légitimes quant à son efficacité et à ses conséquences potentielles, notamment sur la motivation des jeunes médecins. Mais nous ne pouvons pas rester les bras croisés !Examinons ce texte, poursuivons surtout le travail entamé avec la profession pour mettre en œuvre certaines des propositions qu’elle a formulées : valoriser davantage les fonctions de maître de stage universitaire et de docteur junior pour accroître l’expérience professionnelle des praticiens libéraux dans les territoires ; supprimer le numerus apertus – M. le ministre a évoqué cette bonne mesure – ; doter les départements d’un site d’enseignement de première année ; renforcer les capacités hospitalières et pédagogiques locales.Regardons aussi avec attention les propositions de la profession relatives aux rémunérations, parfois inégales. On peut constater, par exemple, un déséquilibre entre les gardes, qui ont été revalorisées, et la rémunération horaire des médecins régulateurs.La question de l’attractivité du métier de médecin libéral est réelle, ne la laissons pas de côté !Ce texte propose un ensemble de mesures : la régulation de l’installation, la suppression de la majoration des tarifs pour les patients sans médecin traitant, l’encadrement de la financiarisation, l’accès aux études de médecine dans tous les territoires.Il me semble utile d’examiner cette proposition de loi car elle aborde un sujet qui préoccupe de nombreux citoyens et fait régulièrement l’actualité dans nos territoires. C’est le cas en Anjou, où l’accès aux soins psychiatriques est particulièrement problématique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et LIOT.)"
  },
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   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
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   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
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   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695076",
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   "order": 218,
   "text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 100 de notre règlement, relatif au déroulement des débats, madame la présidente. L’oratrice du groupe La France insoumise a déclaré que les lobbys médicaux étaient à l’offensive à l’Assemblée nationale, une offensive menée par une majorité de députés médecins.Dans cet hémicycle, nous sommes tous des députés. De même que je suis médecin et pas députée lorsque je suis en consultation le lundi, je suis ici députée avant d’être médecin. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR. – Protestations sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
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   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "Nfdff2846412b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 100 de notre règlement, relatif au déroulement des débats, madame la présidente. L’oratrice du groupe [GROUPE] a déclaré que les lobbys médicaux étaient à l’offensive à l’Assemblée nationale, une offensive menée par une majorité de députés médecins.Dans cet hémicycle, nous sommes tous des députés. De même que je suis médecin et pas députée lorsque je suis en consultation le lundi, je suis ici députée avant d’être médecin. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR. – Protestations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695081",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 223,
   "text": "Je voudrais remercier l’ensemble des intervenants car le débat a été bien posé. Chacun reconnaît que la situation est insupportable et que les fortes inégalités dans l’accès aux soins se creusent entre les territoires, donc entre les Français. Que faire ? Pouvons-nous laisser la situation se dégrader encore ?J’entends dire qu’il faut former davantage de médecins ; c’est exact, mais le temps de formation est long et il nous faut des solutions immédiates. J’entends dire aussi que nous disposons de solutions alternatives, comme la télémédecine. En réalité, nous savons bien que la télémédecine ne peut totalement remplacer les consultations d’humain à humain, sans écran interposé.Le groupe transpartisan travaille assidûment, sans relâche, depuis trois ans. Nous avons laissé tout dogmatisme à la porte de nos réunions et nous avons tenté de regarder quelles étaient les solutions efficaces.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 223,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695081",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 136,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe0d0cd411b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais remercier l’ensemble des intervenants car le débat a été bien posé. Chacun reconnaît que la situation est insupportable et que les fortes inégalités dans l’accès aux soins se creusent entre les territoires, donc entre les Français. Que faire ? Pouvons-nous laisser la situation se dégrader encore ?J’entends dire qu’il faut former davantage de médecins ; c’est exact, mais le temps de formation est long et il nous faut des solutions immédiates. J’entends dire aussi que nous disposons de solutions alternatives, comme la télémédecine. En réalité, nous savons bien que la télémédecine ne peut totalement remplacer les consultations d’humain à humain, sans écran interposé.Le groupe transpartisan travaille assidûment, sans relâche, depuis trois ans. Nous avons laissé tout dogmatisme à la porte de nos réunions et nous avons tenté de regarder quelles étaient les solutions efficaces."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695694",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695694"
   ],
   "order": 229,
   "text": "…ce n’est pas pour embêter le monde, c’est parce que nous avons fait le constat qu’une telle mesure pouvait fonctionner, qu’elle s’était révélée efficace pour d’autres professions de santé, qu’elle avait permis de stopper l’aggravation des inégalités entre les territoires, donc entre les Français. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.) Pourquoi s’empêcher de mettre en œuvre une telle solution alors qu’elle porte ses fruits à l’étranger et en France, pour les autres professions de santé ?Un chercheur de l’université de Lille a modélisé notre proposition. Il a démontré qu’elle permettrait, chaque année, à 600 000 personnes vivant – survivant parfois – dans des zones mal dotées, de trouver un médecin ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, Ecos et GDR.)Vous ne devez pas avoir peur de la régulation de l’installation ! N’ayez pas peur ! Au sein du groupe transpartisan, nous avons construit un compromis autour de cette idée. Nous voyons qu’elle gagne du terrain et fait son chemin auprès des associations d’usagers et d’élus. Le premier ministre lui-même s’y est dit favorable hier.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 229,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695694",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 179,
   "annotation_id": "Na3e436e6fe84",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…ce n’est pas pour embêter le monde, c’est parce que nous avons fait le constat qu’une telle mesure pouvait fonctionner, qu’elle s’était révélée efficace pour d’autres professions de santé, qu’elle avait permis de stopper l’aggravation des inégalités entre les territoires, donc entre les Français. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Pourquoi s’empêcher de mettre en œuvre une telle solution alors qu’elle porte ses fruits à l’étranger et en France, pour les autres professions de santé ?Un chercheur de l’université de Lille a modélisé notre proposition. Il a démontré qu’elle permettrait, chaque année, à 600 000 personnes vivant – survivant parfois – dans des zones mal dotées, de trouver un médecin ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Vous ne devez pas avoir peur de la régulation de l’installation ! N’ayez pas peur ! Au sein du groupe transpartisan, nous avons construit un compromis autour de cette idée. Nous voyons qu’elle gagne du terrain et fait son chemin auprès des associations d’usagers et d’élus. Le premier ministre lui-même s’y est dit favorable hier."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695092",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695092"
   ],
   "order": 233,
   "text": "Nous pouvons avancer avec pragmatisme et détermination pour que chacun de nos compatriotes retrouve espoir. En notre qualité de législateur, nous devons répondre au sentiment d’abandon de ces Français privés de l’accès aux soins. Je vous en conjure, ayez confiance dans le travail que nous avons accompli ! Dites-vous que les Français, ce soir, nous regardent : ils attendent des solutions, ils comptent sur nous, ils comptent sur vous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NFP, Ecos, Dem et GDR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 233,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695092",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "Nd6c18b2b692d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous pouvons avancer avec pragmatisme et détermination pour que chacun de nos compatriotes retrouve espoir. En notre qualité de législateur, nous devons répondre au sentiment d’abandon de ces Français privés de l’accès aux soins. Je vous en conjure, ayez confiance dans le travail que nous avons accompli ! Dites-vous que les Français, ce soir, nous regardent : ils attendent des solutions, ils comptent sur nous, ils comptent sur vous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre chargé de la santé et de l’accès aux soins",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695095",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695095"
   ],
   "order": 235,
   "text": "J’ai écouté avec beaucoup d’attention les interventions des orateurs des groupes. Je veux rendre hommage au travail sérieux du rapporteur Guillaume Garot, étayé par cette modélisation scientifique qui aboutit au nombre de 600 000 personnes prises en charge.Cependant, face à ce problème insupportable qui touche toutes vos circonscriptions, je souhaite que nous puissions coconstruire une solution avec tous.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 235,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695095",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N72251526ff9f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai écouté avec beaucoup d’attention les interventions des orateurs des groupes. Je veux rendre hommage au travail sérieux du rapporteur [PERSONNE], étayé par cette modélisation scientifique qui aboutit au nombre de 600 000 personnes prises en charge.Cependant, face à ce problème insupportable qui touche toutes vos circonscriptions, je souhaite que nous puissions coconstruire une solution avec tous."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695098",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695098"
   ],
   "order": 238,
   "text": "Vous avez raison, madame la députée, il en faut. Pendant le mois d’avril, nous devrons construire ces solutions avec le Parlement, les élus locaux, régionaux et départementaux et les professionnels de santé.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 238,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695098",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "Na48fff785644",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez raison, madame la députée, il en faut. Pendant le mois d’avril, nous devrons construire ces solutions avec le Parlement, les élus locaux, régionaux et départementaux et les professionnels de santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695103",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695103"
   ],
   "order": 242,
   "text": "Cela fait cent jours que je suis ministre ! Cela fait trente ans que les pouvoirs politiques concourent à cette situation. L’heure n’est pas à la recherche des coupables ; il nous faut voir comment avancer ensemble de façon responsable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 242,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695103",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N2a04ce75c710",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cela fait cent jours que je suis ministre ! Cela fait trente ans que les pouvoirs politiques concourent à cette situation. L’heure n’est pas à la recherche des coupables ; il nous faut voir comment avancer ensemble de façon responsable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695112",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695112"
   ],
   "order": 252,
   "text": "…tandis que les autres articles ont reçu un accueil plutôt favorable.Je salue votre volonté – je sais que le premier ministre souhaite cette démarche – de trouver dans le mois à venir des solutions. Ce sont des solutions que nous attendons depuis longtemps. Il est évident qu’il ne se serait rien passé si ce texte n’était pas venu en discussion.J’ai écouté les arguments des uns et des autres. J’ai entendu dire que la régulation, c’était idiot, que ça n’avait pas été testé et qu’on n’y arriverait pas. Un peu d’humilité ! Nous sommes tous en situation d’échec. L’échec est partout.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "55",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 252,
   "amendments": [
    "55"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695112",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "Nd86fc38637e4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…tandis que les autres articles ont reçu un accueil plutôt favorable.Je salue votre volonté – je sais que le premier ministre souhaite cette démarche – de trouver dans le mois à venir des solutions. Ce sont des solutions que nous attendons depuis longtemps. Il est évident qu’il ne se serait rien passé si ce texte n’était pas venu en discussion.J’ai écouté les arguments des uns et des autres. J’ai entendu dire que la régulation, c’était idiot, que ça n’avait pas été testé et qu’on n’y arriverait pas. Un peu d’humilité ! Nous sommes tous en situation d’échec. L’échec est partout."
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695117",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695117"
   ],
   "order": 257,
   "text": "Cette voie n’a jamais encore été explorée… (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, LFI-NFP, SOC, DR, EcoS, HOR et GDR.) En la matière, et je l’ai dit à Stéphanie Rist, l’humilité doit être sur tous les bancs !Il faut bien comprendre que, pour remplacer des médecins qui travaillaient quatre-vingts heures par semaine, il faut 2,3 nouveaux praticiens. N’oublions pas que ces médecins âgés de plus de 70 ans, ceux qui tiennent la boutique et font des soins non programmés, ceux qui sont en burn-out, nous regardent ce soir ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et DR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "55",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 257,
   "amendments": [
    "55"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695117",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "N988de2022050",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cette voie n’a jamais encore été explorée… (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR, [GROUPE], HOR et [GROUPE].) En la matière, et je l’ai dit à [PERSONNE], l’humilité doit être sur tous les bancs !Il faut bien comprendre que, pour remplacer des médecins qui travaillaient quatre-vingts heures par semaine, il faut 2,3 nouveaux praticiens. N’oublions pas que ces médecins âgés de plus de 70 ans, ceux qui tiennent la boutique et font des soins non programmés, ceux qui sont en burn-out, nous regardent ce soir ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695120",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695120"
   ],
   "order": 260,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, avec les élus locaux, les professionnels de santé, les syndicats, les internes, nous sommes capables d’identifier les zones surdenses – vous les connaissez d’ailleurs aussi bien que moi ! L’idée n’est pas de diminuer l’offre dans ces territoires ; quand vous enlevez une plaque pour en rajouter une, la somme est nulle.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "55",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 260,
   "amendments": [
    "55"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695120",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Nc50d715c4250",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, avec les élus locaux, les professionnels de santé, les syndicats, les internes, nous sommes capables d’identifier les zones surdenses – vous les connaissez d’ailleurs aussi bien que moi ! L’idée n’est pas de diminuer l’offre dans ces territoires ; quand vous enlevez une plaque pour en rajouter une, la somme est nulle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695122",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695122"
   ],
   "order": 262,
   "text": "Et quand vous remplacez un médecin qui travaille quatre-vingts heures par deux médecins qui en travaillent quarante, rien ne change.Certains parlent de coercition, mais quel message enverrons-nous aux autres professions qui ont accepté la régulation si nous abandonnons cette disposition ? Que diront les infirmiers, les kinésithérapeutes, les pharmaciens, les dentistes ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR dont plusieurs députés se lèvent, et sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, DR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "55",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 262,
   "amendments": [
    "55"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695122",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Ne440719a55af",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Et quand vous remplacez un médecin qui travaille quatre-vingts heures par deux médecins qui en travaillent quarante, rien ne change.Certains parlent de coercition, mais quel message enverrons-nous aux autres professions qui ont accepté la régulation si nous abandonnons cette disposition ? Que diront les infirmiers, les kinésithérapeutes, les pharmaciens, les dentistes ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] dont plusieurs députés se lèvent, et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695125",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695125"
   ],
   "order": 265,
   "text": "De qui et de quoi parlons-nous ce soir ? Nous parlons de la situation des 6 millions de Français sans médecin traitant, des ruraux, des Ardéchois qui habitent à deux heures du centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) le plus proche et mettent entre six mois et un an pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un spécialiste. Nous parlons de l’espérance de vie : dans les campagnes, elle est bien inférieure à celle des villes, comme l’a montré une étude de l’association des maires ruraux de France, consacrée à la mortalité dans les zones rurales. Nous parlons de ces 10 % du territoire, essentiellement les métropoles et les régions littorales, qui comptent trois à six fois plus de médecins pour 100 000 habitants. Nous parlons de l’équité de l’accès aux soins, qui fait partie intégrante du pacte républicain.Oui, il faut créer des parcours d’accès spécifique santé (Pass), comme nous le ferons en septembre à Aubenas, améliorer l’attractivité du métier de médecin, valoriser le statut des internes et des infirmiers ! Oui, il faut des assistants médicaux et des maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires ! Oui, il faut investir dans les hôpitaux de proximité et former davantage de médecins.Mais rien ne nous dit que ces médecins s’installeront dans les zones les moins dotées !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "67",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 265,
   "amendments": [
    "67"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695125",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 209,
   "annotation_id": "Ncfd307a93569",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "De qui et de quoi parlons-nous ce soir ? Nous parlons de la situation des 6 millions de Français sans médecin traitant, des ruraux, des Ardéchois qui habitent à deux heures du centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) le plus proche et mettent entre six mois et un an pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un spécialiste. Nous parlons de l’espérance de vie : dans les campagnes, elle est bien inférieure à celle des villes, comme l’a montré une étude de l’association des maires ruraux de France, consacrée à la mortalité dans les zones rurales. Nous parlons de ces 10 % du territoire, essentiellement les métropoles et les régions littorales, qui comptent trois à six fois plus de médecins pour 100 000 habitants. Nous parlons de l’équité de l’accès aux soins, qui fait partie intégrante du pacte républicain.Oui, il faut créer des parcours d’accès spécifique santé (Pass), comme nous le ferons en septembre à Aubenas, améliorer l’attractivité du métier de médecin, valoriser le statut des internes et des infirmiers ! Oui, il faut des assistants médicaux et des maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires ! Oui, il faut investir dans les hôpitaux de proximité et former davantage de médecins.Mais rien ne nous dit que ces médecins s’installeront dans les zones les moins dotées !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695130",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695130"
   ],
   "order": 269,
   "text": "C’est tout l’enjeu de ce texte. Non, nous n’avons pas tout essayé ! Si à Nice, à Paris, à Lyon, une installation est conditionnée à un départ, ces villes conserveront le même nombre de médecins, tandis que nos campagnes en accueilleront davantage. Pour ma part, je signe des deux mains et une très grande majorité d’Ardéchois avec moi ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS, Dem et GDR et sur quelques bancs des groupes DR et HOR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "67",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 269,
   "amendments": [
    "67"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695130",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "Nd0f13d23bc29",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est tout l’enjeu de ce texte. Non, nous n’avons pas tout essayé ! Si à Nice, à Paris, à Lyon, une installation est conditionnée à un départ, ces villes conserveront le même nombre de médecins, tandis que nos campagnes en accueilleront davantage. Pour ma part, je signe des deux mains et une très grande majorité d’Ardéchois avec moi ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes DR et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720146",
   "speaker": "Denis Masséglia",
   "quality": "M. Denis Masséglia",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694428",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694428"
   ],
   "order": 271,
   "text": "J’ai rédigé ce sous-amendement avec les acteurs de la santé du territoire choletais. L’agglomération de Cholet compte 104 000 habitants, dont 27 000 personnes sans médecin traitant – bientôt 33 000.Il ressort des échanges que j’ai eus avec plusieurs dizaines de personnes que les médecins sont, très majoritairement, contre cette obligation alors que les patients et les professionnels de santé y sont largement favorables.Je vous soumets donc un amendement qui me semble équilibré en ce qu’il vise à répondre aux attentes des personnels de santé et des patients, tout en évitant les écueils d’une obligation pérenne. En effet, une telle mesure présente des risques : les médecins qui en ont les moyens pourraient se payer l’installation dans les villes qu’ils souhaitent alors que les moins aisés seraient contraints de rester dans les territoires ruraux.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 271,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694428",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 134,
   "annotation_id": "N8db02728c1ae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai rédigé ce sous-amendement avec les acteurs de la santé du territoire choletais. L’agglomération de Cholet compte 104 000 habitants, dont 27 000 personnes sans médecin traitant – bientôt 33 000.Il ressort des échanges que j’ai eus avec plusieurs dizaines de personnes que les médecins sont, très majoritairement, contre cette obligation alors que les patients et les professionnels de santé y sont largement favorables.Je vous soumets donc un amendement qui me semble équilibré en ce qu’il vise à répondre aux attentes des personnels de santé et des patients, tout en évitant les écueils d’une obligation pérenne. En effet, une telle mesure présente des risques : les médecins qui en ont les moyens pourraient se payer l’installation dans les villes qu’ils souhaitent alors que les moins aisés seraient contraints de rester dans les territoires ruraux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720146",
   "speaker": "Denis Masséglia",
   "quality": "M. Denis Masséglia",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694435"
   ],
   "order": 275,
   "text": "Voici le compromis que je vous propose : une fois leurs études terminées, les médecins rendront – si vous me permettez l’expression – trois années de leurs études auprès des territoires les plus en difficulté et ce n’est qu’ensuite qu’ils pourront s’installer, mais sans contrepartie financière, où ils le souhaitent.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 275,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694435",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N137ee1335ae1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Voici le compromis que je vous propose : une fois leurs études terminées, les médecins rendront – si vous me permettez l’expression – trois années de leurs études auprès des territoires les plus en difficulté et ce n’est qu’ensuite qu’ils pourront s’installer, mais sans contrepartie financière, où ils le souhaitent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694437",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694437"
   ],
   "order": 277,
   "text": "Nous partageons le diagnostic et l’objectif. Mais l’article 1er aura-t-il l’effet souhaité ? Garantira-t-il que davantage de médecins s’installent dans les territoires ? Ne prend-on pas le risque que moins de médecins ne s’y établissent, au contraire ?Le rapporteur propose de rétablir l’article mais nous devons envisager toutes les conséquences d’une telle mesure. Je suis bien d’accord que le contact humain est préférable à la télémédecine mais, précisément, certains médecins ne seront-ils pas tentés, faute de pouvoir ouvrir un cabinet où ils veulent, de ne proposer que des consultations en visio ? C’est possible, aujourd’hui.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 277,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694437",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 95,
   "annotation_id": "Nb0eabcdcdfdf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous partageons le diagnostic et l’objectif. Mais l’article 1er aura-t-il l’effet souhaité ? Garantira-t-il que davantage de médecins s’installent dans les territoires ? Ne prend-on pas le risque que moins de médecins ne s’y établissent, au contraire ?Le rapporteur propose de rétablir l’article mais nous devons envisager toutes les conséquences d’une telle mesure. Je suis bien d’accord que le contact humain est préférable à la télémédecine mais, précisément, certains médecins ne seront-ils pas tentés, faute de pouvoir ouvrir un cabinet où ils veulent, de ne proposer que des consultations en visio ? C’est possible, aujourd’hui."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694440",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694440"
   ],
   "order": 280,
   "text": "L’obligation, c’est déjà une réalité pour d’autres professions – plusieurs l’ont voulu, d’autres ne souffrent pas de pénurie. Dans certains secteurs, des professionnels en profitent pour revendre leur patientèle à des prix excessifs. C’est un effet collatéral auquel nous devons être vigilants.Nous devons également nous poser la question du modèle que nous souhaitons. Celui de l’installation est-il attractif ? Le rendons-nous attractif, du reste ? La régulation n’est pas toujours la solution : ainsi, cela ne fonctionne plus pour les pharmacies. Comparaison ne vaut donc pas raison et nous devons analyser en détail chaque situation car, s’il faut créer de l’espoir, gardons-nous des faux espoirs.Vous avez parlé de confiance, de responsabilité collective et contractuelle, monsieur le ministre. Je crois moi aussi que la décentralisation permet de mieux répondre aux besoins locaux. Mon sous-amendement vise donc à responsabiliser les ordres.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 280,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694440",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "Nff1ee55093e6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’obligation, c’est déjà une réalité pour d’autres professions – plusieurs l’ont voulu, d’autres ne souffrent pas de pénurie. Dans certains secteurs, des professionnels en profitent pour revendre leur patientèle à des prix excessifs. C’est un effet collatéral auquel nous devons être vigilants.Nous devons également nous poser la question du modèle que nous souhaitons. Celui de l’installation est-il attractif ? Le rendons-nous attractif, du reste ? La régulation n’est pas toujours la solution : ainsi, cela ne fonctionne plus pour les pharmacies. Comparaison ne vaut donc pas raison et nous devons analyser en détail chaque situation car, s’il faut créer de l’espoir, gardons-nous des faux espoirs.Vous avez parlé de confiance, de responsabilité collective et contractuelle, monsieur le ministre. Je crois moi aussi que la décentralisation permet de mieux répondre aux besoins locaux. Mon sous-amendement vise donc à responsabiliser les ordres."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694445",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694445"
   ],
   "order": 284,
   "text": "J’ai beaucoup de respect pour les députés qui essaient de trouver des solutions afin d’améliorer l’accès aux soins et qui pensent que le rétablissement de l’article 1er en serait une mais je voudrais leur expliquer pourquoi je ne le suis pas, ce qui me conduit à vous soumettre ce sous-amendement destiné à supprimer des alinéas de l’amendement, afin de neutraliser l’effet du rétablissement de l’article.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 284,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694445",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N4103d9ab55f6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai beaucoup de respect pour les députés qui essaient de trouver des solutions afin d’améliorer l’accès aux soins et qui pensent que le rétablissement de l’article 1er en serait une mais je voudrais leur expliquer pourquoi je ne le suis pas, ce qui me conduit à vous soumettre ce sous-amendement destiné à supprimer des alinéas de l’amendement, afin de neutraliser l’effet du rétablissement de l’article."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694447",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694447"
   ],
   "order": 286,
   "text": "Mettons-nous dans la peau d’une étudiante en médecine qui habite dans le centre-ville de Nice, fait ses études à Nice et a décidé d’y vivre parce que son mari y réside. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.)Elle a une première possibilité… (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 286,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694447",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "N35b9fe904db5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mettons-nous dans la peau d’une étudiante en médecine qui habite dans le centre-ville de Nice, fait ses études à Nice et a décidé d’y vivre parce que son mari y réside. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Elle a une première possibilité… (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694451",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694451"
   ],
   "order": 290,
   "text": "Je voudrais illustrer la différence entre la théorie de cet amendement et la pratique. Cette étudiante, qui veut vivre à Nice mais à qui l’agence régionale de santé ne donnera pas l’autorisation de s’installer, a une première possibilité, celle de chercher un médecin généraliste proche de la retraite pour lui acheter sa patientèle. Ce faisant, ce généraliste partira à la retraite plus tôt que prévu, ce qui réduira d’autant le temps médical – on le constate de plus en plus pour les kinésithérapeutes.Elle peut aussi, c’est une deuxième possibilité, accepter un poste salarié à l’hôpital de Nice ou dans une clinique privée. En conséquence, elle ne s’installera pas et ne deviendra pas médecin traitant à Nice.Enfin, troisième possibilité, elle peut se décider pour une autre spécialité, après avoir choisi médecine générale et son mode d’exercice – centre de santé, hôpital, clinique, libéral –, voire arrêter ses études, comme c’est malheureusement le cas pour de plus en plus d’internes qui préfèrent changer de voie et devenir acupuncteur, par exemple.Quelle que soit l’option retenue, elles se traduisent toutes par une perte de temps médical. Le rétablissement de l’article peut donner l’impression d’une mesure de bon sens, mais il aura au contraire pour conséquence d’aggraver la situation.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 290,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694451",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 204,
   "annotation_id": "Nd0279fe5f66f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais illustrer la différence entre la théorie de cet amendement et la pratique. Cette étudiante, qui veut vivre à Nice mais à qui l’agence régionale de santé ne donnera pas l’autorisation de s’installer, a une première possibilité, celle de chercher un médecin généraliste proche de la retraite pour lui acheter sa patientèle. Ce faisant, ce généraliste partira à la retraite plus tôt que prévu, ce qui réduira d’autant le temps médical – on le constate de plus en plus pour les kinésithérapeutes.Elle peut aussi, c’est une deuxième possibilité, accepter un poste salarié à l’hôpital de Nice ou dans une clinique privée. En conséquence, elle ne s’installera pas et ne deviendra pas médecin traitant à Nice.Enfin, troisième possibilité, elle peut se décider pour une autre spécialité, après avoir choisi médecine générale et son mode d’exercice – centre de santé, hôpital, clinique, libéral –, voire arrêter ses études, comme c’est malheureusement le cas pour de plus en plus d’internes qui préfèrent changer de voie et devenir acupuncteur, par exemple.Quelle que soit l’option retenue, elles se traduisent toutes par une perte de temps médical. Le rétablissement de l’article peut donner l’impression d’une mesure de bon sens, mais il aura au contraire pour conséquence d’aggraver la situation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694456",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694456"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "La proposition de loi vise à réguler l’installation des médecins sur le territoire. Une telle mesure repose sur une vision simpliste et inefficace de l’accès aux soins dans notre pays car elle se fonde sur un postulat erroné.La quasi-totalité du territoire est un désert médical : nous manquons de médecins partout – tout le monde partage ce constat. Faisons une comparaison simple : comment imaginer imposer à un agriculteur d’arroser un champ plutôt qu’un autre quand il n’a pas suffisamment d’eau ? Ne nous y trompons pas : le véritable enjeu, c’est de réparer le système d’approvisionnement en eau, pas de choisir le champ à arroser !Notre système de santé vit la même situation. Il faut donc agir sur l’origine du problème. Les expériences étrangères similaires à votre proposition sont d’ailleurs un échec. Au Royaume-Uni, en Suisse, au Québec et aux Pays-Bas, elles ont même été abandonnées.Les conséquences de la mesure sont attendues : les étudiants seront moins enclins à s’engager dans des études de médecine. Votre réforme méconnaît les déterminants à l’installation des jeunes médecins. Vous allez créer une nouvelle pénurie.Il faut donc offrir de meilleures conditions d’installation, en rendant les territoires et les conditions d’exercice plus attractifs. Il faut favoriser l’incitation sous toutes ses formes, améliorer les conditions de travail, développer l’exercice coordonné, accompagner les professionnels.Nous travaillons dans cette direction depuis 2017 : suppression du numerus clausus en 2019 afin d’atteindre 16 000 nouveaux étudiants en médecine dès 2027 ; quatrième année d’internat de médecine générale effective dès la rentrée 2026, qui permettra à 3 700 docteurs juniors d’irriguer les territoires et, à terme, de s’y installer.L’essentiel est également de favoriser les délégations de tâches, l’accès direct ou le développement des structures de soins coordonnés, afin de gagner du temps libéral. Donnons du temps au temps, au lieu de nous engager dans la voie de la régulation pour gérer la pénurie – c’est un non-sens.Mon sous-amendement vise donc à supprimer le mécanisme d’autorisation.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 295,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694456",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 325,
   "annotation_id": "Na6dcd64a8361",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition de loi vise à réguler l’installation des médecins sur le territoire. Une telle mesure repose sur une vision simpliste et inefficace de l’accès aux soins dans notre pays car elle se fonde sur un postulat erroné.La quasi-totalité du territoire est un désert médical : nous manquons de médecins partout – tout le monde partage ce constat. Faisons une comparaison simple : comment imaginer imposer à un agriculteur d’arroser un champ plutôt qu’un autre quand il n’a pas suffisamment d’eau ? Ne nous y trompons pas : le véritable enjeu, c’est de réparer le système d’approvisionnement en eau, pas de choisir le champ à arroser !Notre système de santé vit la même situation. Il faut donc agir sur l’origine du problème. Les expériences étrangères similaires à votre proposition sont d’ailleurs un échec. Au Royaume-Uni, en Suisse, au Québec et aux Pays-Bas, elles ont même été abandonnées.Les conséquences de la mesure sont attendues : les étudiants seront moins enclins à s’engager dans des études de médecine. Votre réforme méconnaît les déterminants à l’installation des jeunes médecins. Vous allez créer une nouvelle pénurie.Il faut donc offrir de meilleures conditions d’installation, en rendant les territoires et les conditions d’exercice plus attractifs. Il faut favoriser l’incitation sous toutes ses formes, améliorer les conditions de travail, développer l’exercice coordonné, accompagner les professionnels.Nous travaillons dans cette direction depuis 2017 : suppression du numerus clausus en 2019 afin d’atteindre 16 000 nouveaux étudiants en médecine dès 2027 ; quatrième année d’internat de médecine générale effective dès la rentrée 2026, qui permettra à 3 700 docteurs juniors d’irriguer les territoires et, à terme, de s’y installer.L’essentiel est également de favoriser les délégations de tâches, l’accès direct ou le développement des structures de soins coordonnés, afin de gagner du temps libéral. Donnons du temps au temps, au lieu de nous engager dans la voie de la régulation pour gérer la pénurie – c’est un non-sens.Mon sous-amendement vise donc à supprimer le mécanisme d’autorisation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694465"
   ],
   "order": 304,
   "text": "Dans ma circonscription, certains médecins ne sont pas encore définitivement partis mais ont considérablement réduit leur temps de travail, pour des raisons de santé ou parce qu’ils préparent progressivement leur départ à la retraite. Plusieurs collègues m’ont confirmé que c’était là l’une des problématiques abordées par le groupe transpartisan au cours de ses trois ans de travaux. Or l’article, tel que vous proposez de le rétablir, ne prend pas en compte cette donnée. Le sous-amendement no 131 vise ainsi à corriger cet écueil.D’autre part, il n’existe pas de zonage pour les médecins non généralistes – et il n’est pas prévu de pouvoir y remédier par voie réglementaire. À Lunéville, dans ma circonscription, certaines spécialités n’existent pas. Or si l’on suit à la lettre l’article que vous voulez rétablir, il n’y aurait pas d’autorisation de droit à s’installer pour les spécialistes, faute de zonage, alors même que ces spécialités manquent. C’est paradoxal et c’est un autre écueil qu’il faut corriger. C’est le sens du sous-amendement no 126.Le sous-amendement no 127 traite de l’actualisation du zonage. Dans certains bourgs-centres de ma circonscription, tous les médecins généralistes sont partis. Or tant que le zonage n’est pas actualisé, personne ne s’en inquiète et on nous dit d’attendre la révision ! Par conséquent, si un médecin veut s’installer, il ne le pourra pas, si l’on suit l’article 1er tel que vous voulez le rétablir. C’est encore un point à revoir.Le sous-amendement no 129 tend à poser le principe d’une révision annuelle des zonages afin qu’ils s’adaptent aux réalités d’un territoire. La réforme ne peut s’appuyer sur des zonages inadaptés ou inexistants.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "67",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 304,
   "amendments": [
    "67"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694465",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 266,
   "annotation_id": "N59582dc64867",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dans ma circonscription, certains médecins ne sont pas encore définitivement partis mais ont considérablement réduit leur temps de travail, pour des raisons de santé ou parce qu’ils préparent progressivement leur départ à la retraite. Plusieurs collègues m’ont confirmé que c’était là l’une des problématiques abordées par le groupe transpartisan au cours de ses trois ans de travaux. Or l’article, tel que vous proposez de le rétablir, ne prend pas en compte cette donnée. Le sous-amendement no 131 vise ainsi à corriger cet écueil.D’autre part, il n’existe pas de zonage pour les médecins non généralistes – et il n’est pas prévu de pouvoir y remédier par voie réglementaire. À Lunéville, dans ma circonscription, certaines spécialités n’existent pas. Or si l’on suit à la lettre l’article que vous voulez rétablir, il n’y aurait pas d’autorisation de droit à s’installer pour les spécialistes, faute de zonage, alors même que ces spécialités manquent. C’est paradoxal et c’est un autre écueil qu’il faut corriger. C’est le sens du sous-amendement no 126.Le sous-amendement no 127 traite de l’actualisation du zonage. Dans certains bourgs-centres de ma circonscription, tous les médecins généralistes sont partis. Or tant que le zonage n’est pas actualisé, personne ne s’en inquiète et on nous dit d’attendre la révision ! Par conséquent, si un médecin veut s’installer, il ne le pourra pas, si l’on suit l’article 1er tel que vous voulez le rétablir. C’est encore un point à revoir.Le sous-amendement no 129 tend à poser le principe d’une révision annuelle des zonages afin qu’ils s’adaptent aux réalités d’un territoire. La réforme ne peut s’appuyer sur des zonages inadaptés ou inexistants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694474",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694474"
   ],
   "order": 309,
   "text": "Ce sous-amendement tend à supprimer les mots « et consultation ». L’article 1er, que le rapporteur souhaite rétablir, concerne les médecins qui vont s’installer en ville, et donc les étudiants en médecine. Il est inenvisageable que ces derniers ne soient pas formellement et directement impliqués dans la rédaction du décret d’application.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "67",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 309,
   "amendments": [
    "67"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694474",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "Nfdcfac9722c2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce sous-amendement tend à supprimer les mots « et consultation ». L’article 1er, que le rapporteur souhaite rétablir, concerne les médecins qui vont s’installer en ville, et donc les étudiants en médecine. Il est inenvisageable que ces derniers ne soient pas formellement et directement impliqués dans la rédaction du décret d’application."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694476"
   ],
   "order": 311,
   "text": "Mon sous-amendement vise le même objectif. Les étudiants en médecine seront les premiers concernés par la régulation. Il paraît donc inadmissible et impensable de ne pas les associer à la rédaction du décret.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "67",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 311,
   "amendments": [
    "67"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694476",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nff31bf2c13de",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mon sous-amendement vise le même objectif. Les étudiants en médecine seront les premiers concernés par la régulation. Il paraît donc inadmissible et impensable de ne pas les associer à la rédaction du décret."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694478",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694478"
   ],
   "order": 313,
   "text": "En lien étroit avec les agences régionales de santé, il s’agit de conférer un rôle décisionnaire aux CPTS dans l’orientation et la validation des projets d’installation de médecins libéraux.Les CPTS, composées de professionnels de santé ancrés dans le tissu local, disposent d’une connaissance fine des besoins sanitaires du territoire. Leur implication active dans l’élaboration du projet de santé local et dans la coordination des soins leur confère une légitimité opérationnelle à réguler, de manière concertée, l’installation de nouveaux praticiens.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 313,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694478",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Nc34d6d5e9672",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En lien étroit avec les agences régionales de santé, il s’agit de conférer un rôle décisionnaire aux CPTS dans l’orientation et la validation des projets d’installation de médecins libéraux.Les CPTS, composées de professionnels de santé ancrés dans le tissu local, disposent d’une connaissance fine des besoins sanitaires du territoire. Leur implication active dans l’élaboration du projet de santé local et dans la coordination des soins leur confère une légitimité opérationnelle à réguler, de manière concertée, l’installation de nouveaux praticiens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694484",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694484"
   ],
   "order": 319,
   "text": "Effectivement, la commission ne l’a pas retenu. Nous sommes pragmatiques et nous avons été très attentifs aux remarques et aux critiques qui nous ont été adressées. Certains nous ont alertés contre le risque de donner le sentiment de cibler la médecine libérale. Nous sommes complètement d’accord ! L’amendement de rétablissement de l’article 1er prévoit ainsi que les médecins salariés seront également concernés par la régulation.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 319,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694484",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N4405e92259b1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Effectivement, la commission ne l’a pas retenu. Nous sommes pragmatiques et nous avons été très attentifs aux remarques et aux critiques qui nous ont été adressées. Certains nous ont alertés contre le risque de donner le sentiment de cibler la médecine libérale. Nous sommes complètement d’accord ! L’amendement de rétablissement de l’article 1er prévoit ainsi que les médecins salariés seront également concernés par la régulation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694487",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694487"
   ],
   "order": 321,
   "text": "Notre approche territoriale vise donc l’ensemble des professionnels de santé, libéraux ou salariés, généralistes ou spécialistes, conventionnés ou pas, et quel que soit leur niveau de conventionnement avec l’assurance maladie.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 321,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694487",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nc0d9e446cfa2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre approche territoriale vise donc l’ensemble des professionnels de santé, libéraux ou salariés, généralistes ou spécialistes, conventionnés ou pas, et quel que soit leur niveau de conventionnement avec l’assurance maladie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694489",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694489"
   ],
   "order": 323,
   "text": "À présent, je voudrais donner mon avis sur les sous-amendements. Trop souvent – je le dis à nos collègues avec regret –, on sent bien qu’au travers de ces sous-amendements transparaît votre volonté de vider de sa substance l’amendement rétablissant l’article qui prévoit la régulation. C’est pourquoi mon avis sera défavorable sur l’ensemble des sous-amendements. Je répondrai très rapidement à chacun de leurs auteurs.Notre collègue Masséglia propose, dans le sous-amendement no 116, de circonscrire la régulation aux médecins diplômés depuis moins de trois ans. Non ! On ne peut pas viser seulement les jeunes diplômés. Mettez-vous à leur place : ils se diront qu’eux seuls, jeunes médecins, doivent faire l’effort demandé à la profession. Eh bien non ! Nous considérons que l’ensemble des praticiens souhaitant s’installer dans un territoire doivent être concernés.Je ne reviens pas sur les sous-amendements nos 120 et 122, respectivement défendus par Mme Rist et M. Rousset, puisqu’ils tendent à vider l’amendement de sa substance même. Quant aux mots « et consultation », que le sous-amendement no 121 de Mme Rist tend à supprimer à l’alinéa 11, le Conseil d’État a considéré que l’emploi du mot « avis » emportait exactement et rigoureusement la même conséquence que celui du mot « consultation ».J’en viens au sous-amendement no 117 de Jean-François Rousset relatif à la consultation des représentants. Il a raison sur un point : il faut bien sûr élargir cette consultation non seulement aux représentants mais aussi, comme nous l’avons également dit, aux représentants des associations d’usagers et d’élus. Cette exigence est satisfaite par l’article, dans la rédaction que l’amendement tend à rétablir.Quant à ce que propose Thibault Bazin dans le sous-amendement no 125 rectifié, qui tend à remplacer l’autorisation préalable du directeur général de l’ARS à laquelle est soumise l’installation d’un médecin à titre libéral ou salarié par l’autorisation préalable du conseil départemental de l’Ordre dont ce médecin relève, nous estimons que ce travail est bien de la compétence du directeur général de l’ARS.Je poursuis rapidement : il ne convient pas de prévoir que le zonage soit inopposable lorsqu’il est établi depuis plus d’un an, comme le propose Thibault Bazin dans le sous-amendement no 127. Si l’on écrit cela, on bloquera l’application de la régulation, car l’établissement du zonage et l’application de la régulation seront alors d’une complexité insurmontable pour ceux qui en seront chargés.Pour en finir avec l’examen de ces sous-amendements, je dirai que le Conseil de l’Ordre ne dispose pas des données relatives à la réduction du temps de travail hebdomadaire de chacun des praticiens libéraux. Par le sous-amendement no 131, vous proposez, monsieur Bazin, d’autoriser l’installation d’un médecin d’une spécialité donnée si un autre médecin de la même spécialité réduit son activité d’au moins 25 %, mais le Conseil de l’Ordre n’a pas la capacité de quantifier cette réduction. J’y suis donc évidemment défavorable.Enfin, l’amendement no 67 de M. Brun étant strictement identique à l’amendement no 55 défendu par M. Philippe Vigier, je lui propose de le retirer au profit de ce dernier.Quant à l’amendement de rétablissement no 78 de Josiane Corneloup, je l’invite à le retirer car la version de l’article rétablie par l’amendement proposé par Philippe Vigier, donc par le groupe transpartisan, reprend l’ensemble des corrections, des réponses, s’agissant notamment du champ, de l’étendue du statut des praticiens concernés, de telle sorte qu’elle est mieux adaptée à ce que nous voulons collectivement pour cette régulation.Voilà ce que je voulais vous préciser, chers collègues. Nous avons tenu compte de ce qui a été dit en commission et entendu ce qui a été dit dans le débat public. Nous cherchons à y répondre avec pragmatisme, donc avec efficacité, pour que le principe de la régulation soit inscrit dans le marbre et doté d’une pleine efficacité, au service d’une politique publique de la santé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur quelques bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 323,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694489",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 646,
   "annotation_id": "N2a2610550544",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À présent, je voudrais donner mon avis sur les sous-amendements. Trop souvent – je le dis à nos collègues avec regret –, on sent bien qu’au travers de ces sous-amendements transparaît votre volonté de vider de sa substance l’amendement rétablissant l’article qui prévoit la régulation. C’est pourquoi mon avis sera défavorable sur l’ensemble des sous-amendements. Je répondrai très rapidement à chacun de leurs auteurs.Notre collègue Masséglia propose, dans le sous-amendement no 116, de circonscrire la régulation aux médecins diplômés depuis moins de trois ans. Non ! On ne peut pas viser seulement les jeunes diplômés. Mettez-vous à leur place : ils se diront qu’eux seuls, jeunes médecins, doivent faire l’effort demandé à la profession. Eh bien non ! Nous considérons que l’ensemble des praticiens souhaitant s’installer dans un territoire doivent être concernés.Je ne reviens pas sur les sous-amendements nos 120 et 122, respectivement défendus par Mme Rist et M. Rousset, puisqu’ils tendent à vider l’amendement de sa substance même. Quant aux mots « et consultation », que le sous-amendement no 121 de Mme Rist tend à supprimer à l’alinéa 11, le Conseil d’État a considéré que l’emploi du mot « avis » emportait exactement et rigoureusement la même conséquence que celui du mot « consultation ».J’en viens au sous-amendement no 117 de [PERSONNE] relatif à la consultation des représentants. Il a raison sur un point : il faut bien sûr élargir cette consultation non seulement aux représentants mais aussi, comme nous l’avons également dit, aux représentants des associations d’usagers et d’élus. Cette exigence est satisfaite par l’article, dans la rédaction que l’amendement tend à rétablir.Quant à ce que propose [PERSONNE] dans le sous-amendement no 125 rectifié, qui tend à remplacer l’autorisation préalable du directeur général de l’ARS à laquelle est soumise l’installation d’un médecin à titre libéral ou salarié par l’autorisation préalable du conseil départemental de l’Ordre dont ce médecin relève, nous estimons que ce travail est bien de la compétence du directeur général de l’ARS.Je poursuis rapidement : il ne convient pas de prévoir que le zonage soit inopposable lorsqu’il est établi depuis plus d’un an, comme le propose [PERSONNE] dans le sous-amendement no 127. Si l’on écrit cela, on bloquera l’application de la régulation, car l’établissement du zonage et l’application de la régulation seront alors d’une complexité insurmontable pour ceux qui en seront chargés.Pour en finir avec l’examen de ces sous-amendements, je dirai que le Conseil de l’Ordre ne dispose pas des données relatives à la réduction du temps de travail hebdomadaire de chacun des praticiens libéraux. Par le sous-amendement no 131, vous proposez, monsieur Bazin, d’autoriser l’installation d’un médecin d’une spécialité donnée si un autre médecin de la même spécialité réduit son activité d’au moins 25 %, mais le Conseil de l’Ordre n’a pas la capacité de quantifier cette réduction. J’y suis donc évidemment défavorable.Enfin, l’amendement no 67 de M. Brun étant strictement identique à l’amendement no 55 défendu par M. [PERSONNE], je lui propose de le retirer au profit de ce dernier.Quant à l’amendement de rétablissement no 78 de [PERSONNE], je l’invite à le retirer car la version de l’article rétablie par l’amendement proposé par [PERSONNE], donc par le groupe transpartisan, reprend l’ensemble des corrections, des réponses, s’agissant notamment du champ, de l’étendue du statut des praticiens concernés, de telle sorte qu’elle est mieux adaptée à ce que nous voulons collectivement pour cette régulation.Voilà ce que je voulais vous préciser, chers collègues. Nous avons tenu compte de ce qui a été dit en commission et entendu ce qui a été dit dans le débat public. Nous cherchons à y répondre avec pragmatisme, donc avec efficacité, pour que le principe de la régulation soit inscrit dans le marbre et doté d’une pleine efficacité, au service d’une politique publique de la santé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694500",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694500"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "J’ai bien pris note de votre souhait, exprimé lors de l’examen du texte en commission, de supprimer l’article 1er. La question qui se pose ce soir est celle de son rétablissement. Je voudrais rebondir sur les propos du rapporteur, qui souhaite continuer à avancer avec pragmatisme et efficacité. Moi aussi, monsieur le rapporteur, je veux que nous continuions d’avancer, pendant tout le mois d’avril, avec pragmatisme et efficacité.Je voudrais citer quelques chiffres, qui n’ont pas été évoqués ce soir. En 2024, l’activité salariée supplante largement l’activité libérale : selon les dernières statistiques, sur les 8 613 primo-inscriptions à l’Ordre en 2022, 12 % sont en mode libéral, 24 % en mode de remplacement et 62 % en mode salarié. Nous devons garder ces chiffres en tête pour, justement, continuer d’avancer avec l’ensemble des groupes et avec efficacité et pragmatisme.Un certain nombre de sujets n’ont pas été inclus dans la discussion à ce stade, que nous ne pouvons exclure. Nous devrons en discuter tout au long du mois d’avril. (M. Nicolas Sansu s’exclame.) Je pense notamment à la quatrième année de médecine générale – des discussions sont en cours en vue de prévoir les conditions d’accueil des internes concernés – ainsi qu’aux 20 000 praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne, ou Padhue, dont l’activité est essentiellement hospitalière et s’agissant desquels on est en droit se demander s’ils ne pourraient pas exercer également une activité libérale au bout d’un certain nombre d’années d’exercice. Je souhaite aussi que nous évitions la rupture de confiance avec les syndicats, les syndicats étudiants et les conseils de l’Ordre.Je voudrais revenir sur le cas très pratique évoqué par Mme Rist dans sa défense du sous-amendement no 120.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 334,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694500",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 280,
   "annotation_id": "N408690d3b462",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai bien pris note de votre souhait, exprimé lors de l’examen du texte en commission, de supprimer l’article 1er. La question qui se pose ce soir est celle de son rétablissement. Je voudrais rebondir sur les propos du rapporteur, qui souhaite continuer à avancer avec pragmatisme et efficacité. Moi aussi, monsieur le rapporteur, je veux que nous continuions d’avancer, pendant tout le mois d’avril, avec pragmatisme et efficacité.Je voudrais citer quelques chiffres, qui n’ont pas été évoqués ce soir. En 2024, l’activité salariée supplante largement l’activité libérale : selon les dernières statistiques, sur les 8 613 primo-inscriptions à l’Ordre en 2022, 12 % sont en mode libéral, 24 % en mode de remplacement et 62 % en mode salarié. Nous devons garder ces chiffres en tête pour, justement, continuer d’avancer avec l’ensemble des groupes et avec efficacité et pragmatisme.Un certain nombre de sujets n’ont pas été inclus dans la discussion à ce stade, que nous ne pouvons exclure. Nous devrons en discuter tout au long du mois d’avril. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Je pense notamment à la quatrième année de médecine générale – des discussions sont en cours en vue de prévoir les conditions d’accueil des internes concernés – ainsi qu’aux 20 000 praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne, ou Padhue, dont l’activité est essentiellement hospitalière et s’agissant desquels on est en droit se demander s’ils ne pourraient pas exercer également une activité libérale au bout d’un certain nombre d’années d’exercice. Je souhaite aussi que nous évitions la rupture de confiance avec les syndicats, les syndicats étudiants et les conseils de l’Ordre.Je voudrais revenir sur le cas très pratique évoqué par Mme Rist dans sa défense du sous-amendement no 120."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694509",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694509"
   ],
   "order": 343,
   "text": "On voit bien que, si le futur jeune médecin en question, quel que soit son sexe, rachète une patientèle, le médecin qu’il remplace est bien entendu susceptible de la libérer et de partir à la retraite plus rapidement.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 343,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694509",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N167e8d91bc08",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "On voit bien que, si le futur jeune médecin en question, quel que soit son sexe, rachète une patientèle, le médecin qu’il remplace est bien entendu susceptible de la libérer et de partir à la retraite plus rapidement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694511",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694511"
   ],
   "order": 345,
   "text": "Cela pourrait aussi favoriser un changement de spécialité. Je rappelle que le choix de la spécialité médecine générale représente environ 25 % de l’ensemble des choix. Faisons attention ! Encore une fois, je pose des questions. Si vous avez des réponses, je les prends !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 345,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694511",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N3edf5fb4f78d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cela pourrait aussi favoriser un changement de spécialité. Je rappelle que le choix de la spécialité médecine générale représente environ 25 % de l’ensemble des choix. Faisons attention ! Encore une fois, je pose des questions. Si vous avez des réponses, je les prends !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694513",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694513"
   ],
   "order": 347,
   "text": "Sommes-nous sûrs que certaines mesures ne conduiront pas à choisir des spécialités autres que la médecine générale de préférence à cette dernière, ce qui en dernière analyse ne permettra pas l’installation de davantage de médecins généralistes ? Avez-vous les réponses à ces questions ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 347,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694513",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "Nd1731652b1a9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sommes-nous sûrs que certaines mesures ne conduiront pas à choisir des spécialités autres que la médecine générale de préférence à cette dernière, ce qui en dernière analyse ne permettra pas l’installation de davantage de médecins généralistes ? Avez-vous les réponses à ces questions ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694515",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694515"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Moi, je ne les ai pas.Nous pouvons imaginer d’autres solutions. Peut-être pourrions-nous permettre à ce médecin évoqué par Mme Rist de s’installer où il le souhaite, tout en menant une activité complémentaire, par exemple près de la Vésubie – vous connaissez bien votre géographie, monsieur Sansu ! –, dans un cabinet secondaire, avec l’appui de remplaçants, en suivant des stages et en faisant lui-même office de médecin enseignant accueillant des stagiaires.J’en suis désolé, mesdames et messieurs les députés, mais nous n’avons pas ce soir toutes les réponses aux questions que j’ai posées. Je suis donc favorable au maintien de la suppression de l’article 1er. (Protestations vives et prolongées sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.) Sans cela, je couperais les discussions ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN, EPR, DR et HOR.) Or le sujet qui nous occupe est suffisamment important et grave pour que nous les poursuivions !Je souhaite poursuivre ces discussions et les ouvrir. Je ne souhaite pas fracturer la communauté soignante, médicale et paramédicale. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.) Tout le monde doit rester à bord ! Si, ce soir, vous décidez de rétablir l’article 1er, les discussions se fermeront !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 349,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694515",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 204,
   "annotation_id": "N739d437e9a03",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Moi, je ne les ai pas.Nous pouvons imaginer d’autres solutions. Peut-être pourrions-nous permettre à ce médecin évoqué par Mme Rist de s’installer où il le souhaite, tout en menant une activité complémentaire, par exemple près de la Vésubie – vous connaissez bien votre géographie, monsieur Sansu ! –, dans un cabinet secondaire, avec l’appui de remplaçants, en suivant des stages et en faisant lui-même office de médecin enseignant accueillant des stagiaires.J’en suis désolé, mesdames et messieurs les députés, mais nous n’avons pas ce soir toutes les réponses aux questions que j’ai posées. Je suis donc favorable au maintien de la suppression de l’article 1er. (Protestations vives et prolongées sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Sans cela, je couperais les discussions ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR et HOR.) Or le sujet qui nous occupe est suffisamment important et grave pour que nous les poursuivions !Je souhaite poursuivre ces discussions et les ouvrir. Je ne souhaite pas fracturer la communauté soignante, médicale et paramédicale. (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Tout le monde doit rester à bord ! Si, ce soir, vous décidez de rétablir l’article 1er, les discussions se fermeront !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694520",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694520"
   ],
   "order": 354,
   "text": "Je veux que nous nous laissions tout le mois d’avril (Mêmes mouvements. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN) pour discuter avec l’ensemble des personnes concernées, après quoi nous verrons ! Je demande donc le retrait des amendements en discussion commune !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 354,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694520",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "Nf94cbceb94bc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux que nous nous laissions tout le mois d’avril (Mêmes mouvements. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) pour discuter avec l’ensemble des personnes concernées, après quoi nous verrons ! Je demande donc le retrait des amendements en discussion commune !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694523",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694523"
   ],
   "order": 357,
   "text": "Je veux répondre aux propos qu’a tenus à l’instant M. le ministre. Il n’a sans doute pas bien écouté ce que nous avons dit. (« Oh ! » et exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe RN. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes DR et HOR.) En effet, la régulation de l’installation des médecins, je l’ai dit et je le redis, ne concerne pas seulement les généralistes, mais l’ensemble des praticiens d’un territoire. Elle s’applique donc aux généralistes – quelles que soient les évolutions qu’ils adoptent dans leur pratique, étant entendu que certains d’entre eux s’orientent vers d’autres pratiques – mais aussi aux spécialistes de toutes les autres spécialités.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 357,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694523",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 109,
   "annotation_id": "Nffa7e64626a9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux répondre aux propos qu’a tenus à l’instant M. le ministre. Il n’a sans doute pas bien écouté ce que nous avons dit. (« Oh ! » et exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes DR et HOR.) En effet, la régulation de l’installation des médecins, je l’ai dit et je le redis, ne concerne pas seulement les généralistes, mais l’ensemble des praticiens d’un territoire. Elle s’applique donc aux généralistes – quelles que soient les évolutions qu’ils adoptent dans leur pratique, étant entendu que certains d’entre eux s’orientent vers d’autres pratiques – mais aussi aux spécialistes de toutes les autres spécialités."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694525",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694525"
   ],
   "order": 359,
   "text": "En outre, elle s’applique autant aux libéraux qu’aux salariés. Personne n’est exclu ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, EcoS et GDR.) Tout le monde est concerné ! Cela doit quand même rassurer ceux qui seraient inquiets. Enfin, la régulation s’applique à ceux qui sont conventionnés comme à ceux qui voudraient ne plus l’être.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 359,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694525",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "Nc6013fad5e77",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En outre, elle s’applique autant aux libéraux qu’aux salariés. Personne n’est exclu ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Tout le monde est concerné ! Cela doit quand même rassurer ceux qui seraient inquiets. Enfin, la régulation s’applique à ceux qui sont conventionnés comme à ceux qui voudraient ne plus l’être."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694527",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 361,
   "text": "L’ensemble des médecins est visé ! Il est important de le dire : des critiques ont été émises et nous y répondons, de façon ouverte et constructive. Si je parle d’ouverture et de construction, monsieur le ministre, c’est parce que vos propos me surprennent. Vous nous demandez de retirer les amendements de rétablissement, sans quoi ce sera le drame absolu ! Non ! Non : la représentation nationale débat et vote. C’est notre rôle, monsieur le ministre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et GDR et sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – M. Christophe Marion applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 361,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694527",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "Nf1c74d3996fa",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’ensemble des médecins est visé ! Il est important de le dire : des critiques ont été émises et nous y répondons, de façon ouverte et constructive. Si je parle d’ouverture et de construction, monsieur le ministre, c’est parce que vos propos me surprennent. Vous nous demandez de retirer les amendements de rétablissement, sans quoi ce sera le drame absolu ! Non ! Non : la représentation nationale débat et vote. C’est notre rôle, monsieur le ministre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694529",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 363,
   "text": "Bien sûr, nous écoutons ce qu’ont à dire les uns et les autres. Mais nous devons surtout légiférer en fonction de l’intérêt général ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 363,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694529",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Ndef457e27f6c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Bien sûr, nous écoutons ce qu’ont à dire les uns et les autres. Mais nous devons surtout légiférer en fonction de l’intérêt général ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
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   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694531",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 365,
   "text": "Nous n’écoutons pas simplement une catégorie plutôt qu’une autre. Nous écoutons aussi, monsieur le ministre, les associations d’usagers – et vous savez très bien ce qu’elles ont à vous dire !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 365,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694531",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N826b8177783c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous n’écoutons pas simplement une catégorie plutôt qu’une autre. Nous écoutons aussi, monsieur le ministre, les associations d’usagers – et vous savez très bien ce qu’elles ont à vous dire !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694533",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694533"
   ],
   "order": 367,
   "text": "Nous écoutons également les élus locaux – et vous savez très bien ce qu’ils ont à vous dire, monsieur le ministre !Soyons ouverts dans nos concertations et avançons ! Ce soir,…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 367,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694533",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N47d10e4796c1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous écoutons également les élus locaux – et vous savez très bien ce qu’ils ont à vous dire, monsieur le ministre !Soyons ouverts dans nos concertations et avançons ! Ce soir,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694540",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "Nous savons bien que cela n’épuise pas l’ensemble des réponses. Peut-être que tout ce qui a été dit ce soir devra être validé. Je n’en sais rien, il faut y travailler. Mais ce que je sais, c’est que, pour que toutes ces solutions marchent ensemble, il faut en appliquer une, qui est la condition de possibilité et d’efficacité des autres : la régulation de l’installation des médecins, quels que soient leurs statuts. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NFP, EcoS et GDR et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem. – M. Christophe Marion applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 374,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694540",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "N3d4576886276",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous savons bien que cela n’épuise pas l’ensemble des réponses. Peut-être que tout ce qui a été dit ce soir devra être validé. Je n’en sais rien, il faut y travailler. Mais ce que je sais, c’est que, pour que toutes ces solutions marchent ensemble, il faut en appliquer une, qui est la condition de possibilité et d’efficacité des autres : la régulation de l’installation des médecins, quels que soient leurs statuts. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694542",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694542"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "Pour la parfaite information de l’ensemble de nos collègues, je précise que la commission des affaires sociales n’a pas voté l’article 1er et que, par ailleurs, l’association Départements de France, l’Association des maires ruraux de France et l’Association des maires de France et des présidents d’intercommunalité sont complètement opposées à cette régulation. (« Non, c’est faux ! » et protestations vives et prolongées sur les bancs des groupes SOC, DR et EcoS.) Nous les avons entendues hier ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN. – Mmes Stéphanie Rist et Liliana Tanguy applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 376,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694542",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "N42373da5dd56",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour la parfaite information de l’ensemble de nos collègues, je précise que la commission des affaires sociales n’a pas voté l’article 1er et que, par ailleurs, l’association Départements de France, l’Association des maires ruraux de France et l’Association des maires de France et des présidents d’intercommunalité sont complètement opposées à cette régulation. (« Non, c’est faux ! » et protestations vives et prolongées sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR et [GROUPE].) Nous les avons entendues hier ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mmes [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694545",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 379,
   "text": "Nous les avons reçues lors d’auditions organisées dans le cadre des travaux de la commission d’enquête relative à l’organisation du système de santé et aux difficultés d’accès aux soins. Ces auditions sont publiques et les auditionnés nous l’ont dit droit dans les yeux ! Les fédérations hospitalières, les unions régionales des professionnels de santé (URPS) et les médecins libéraux nous l’ont dit également.Quand j’entends toutes ces personnes, qui font face à la réalité des choses, s’opposer à ce point à l’adoption de cet article, cela suscite des interrogations.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 379,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694545",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "N7212878fe82f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous les avons reçues lors d’auditions organisées dans le cadre des travaux de la commission d’enquête relative à l’organisation du système de santé et aux difficultés d’accès aux soins. Ces auditions sont publiques et les auditionnés nous l’ont dit droit dans les yeux ! Les fédérations hospitalières, les unions régionales des professionnels de santé (URPS) et les médecins libéraux nous l’ont dit également.Quand j’entends toutes ces personnes, qui font face à la réalité des choses, s’opposer à ce point à l’adoption de cet article, cela suscite des interrogations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694548",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3694548"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "Je veux simplement répondre au rapporteur. Monsieur Garot, c’est bien parce que je souhaite que les conditions du débat et de la consultation du mois d’avril soient réunies que je fais le choix de demander le retrait, afin que toutes les parties prenantes soient autour de la table pour proposer les solutions que le premier ministre souhaite voir aboutir d’ici à la fin du mois d’avril.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 382,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3694548",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N2eb7f2a1e5ce",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux simplement répondre au rapporteur. Monsieur Garot, c’est bien parce que je souhaite que les conditions du débat et de la consultation du mois d’avril soient réunies que je fais le choix de demander le retrait, afin que toutes les parties prenantes soient autour de la table pour proposer les solutions que le premier ministre souhaite voir aboutir d’ici à la fin du mois d’avril."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695007",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695007"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "Qui se fonde sur l’article 100, alinéa 7, de notre règlement, pour la bonne tenue et l’éclairage de notre débat. Le rapporteur, la présidente de commission et le ministre ont émis un avis sur les sous-amendements, notamment celui qui touche à l’absence d’actualisation du zonage des territoires, mais pas sur le sous-amendement no 126 qui concerne les cas d’absence totale de zonage, s’agissant notamment des médecins spécialistes.Enfin, monsieur le ministre, pour notre bonne information, vous avez demandé le retrait de l’amendement de rétablissement de l’article 1er, mais vous ne vous êtes pas prononcé sur les sous-amendements. Est-ce parce que, étant défavorable à l’amendement, vous n’avez pas jugé nécessaire d’émettre un avis sur les sous-amendements ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695696",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 387,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695007",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "Nb005b1ea1246",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Qui se fonde sur l’article 100, alinéa 7, de notre règlement, pour la bonne tenue et l’éclairage de notre débat. Le rapporteur, la présidente de commission et le ministre ont émis un avis sur les sous-amendements, notamment celui qui touche à l’absence d’actualisation du zonage des territoires, mais pas sur le sous-amendement no 126 qui concerne les cas d’absence totale de zonage, s’agissant notamment des médecins spécialistes.Enfin, monsieur le ministre, pour notre bonne information, vous avez demandé le retrait de l’amendement de rétablissement de l’article 1er, mais vous ne vous êtes pas prononcé sur les sous-amendements. Est-ce parce que, étant défavorable à l’amendement, vous n’avez pas jugé nécessaire d’émettre un avis sur les sous-amendements ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695012",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695012"
   ],
   "order": 392,
   "text": "Je précise donc ma position. Je demande le retrait des amendements de rétablissement de l’article 1er afin de favoriser les discussions qui doivent se tenir dans le courant de ce mois…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 392,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695012",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N206a790b3034",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je précise donc ma position. Je demande le retrait des amendements de rétablissement de l’article 1er afin de favoriser les discussions qui doivent se tenir dans le courant de ce mois…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695016",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695016"
   ],
   "order": 396,
   "text": "M. Bazin pose très légitimement la question du zonage des territoires s’agissant des spécialistes. L’article du code qui permet le zonage pour les généralistes s’applique exactement de la même façon pour les spécialistes. Il revient à la puissance publique d’établir ce zonage. Nous irons d’ailleurs plus loin dans la suite du débat, puisque nous proposerons un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins pour disposer d’un zonage réel, complet et cohérent de l’ensemble du territoire (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC) qui ne se limite pas à telle ou telle spécialité mais englobe l’ensemble des besoins de santé. Soyez donc rassuré : le droit positif permet d’établir ce zonage. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 396,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695016",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Nf92d18d434e7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "M. Bazin pose très légitimement la question du zonage des territoires s’agissant des spécialistes. L’article du code qui permet le zonage pour les généralistes s’applique exactement de la même façon pour les spécialistes. Il revient à la puissance publique d’établir ce zonage. Nous irons d’ailleurs plus loin dans la suite du débat, puisque nous proposerons un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins pour disposer d’un zonage réel, complet et cohérent de l’ensemble du territoire (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) qui ne se limite pas à telle ou telle spécialité mais englobe l’ensemble des besoins de santé. Soyez donc rassuré : le droit positif permet d’établir ce zonage. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695021",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695021"
   ],
   "order": 401,
   "text": "Les déserts médicaux quantitatifs mais aussi qualitatifs – nous avons parlé des spécialités – concernent 87 % de nos territoires urbains mais surtout ruraux. Il y a donc urgence à répondre à la demande et aux inquiétudes de nos concitoyens. Toutefois, l’idée d’imposer des lieux d’installation obligatoires aux médecins, à l’instar de professions en moindre pénurie, risque très vite de se révéler être une fausse bonne idée, comme ces dizaines de décisions du même type qui ont précisément conduit à la pénurie actuelle. Cette mesure ne ferait qu’aggraver la cause même de la pénurie, à savoir le manque d’attractivité de la profession.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 401,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695021",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 102,
   "annotation_id": "N64bf89ba1e1f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les déserts médicaux quantitatifs mais aussi qualitatifs – nous avons parlé des spécialités – concernent 87 % de nos territoires urbains mais surtout ruraux. Il y a donc urgence à répondre à la demande et aux inquiétudes de nos concitoyens. Toutefois, l’idée d’imposer des lieux d’installation obligatoires aux médecins, à l’instar de professions en moindre pénurie, risque très vite de se révéler être une fausse bonne idée, comme ces dizaines de décisions du même type qui ont précisément conduit à la pénurie actuelle. Cette mesure ne ferait qu’aggraver la cause même de la pénurie, à savoir le manque d’attractivité de la profession."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695023",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695023"
   ],
   "order": 403,
   "text": "De plus, comment couvrir rapidement et efficacement 87 % du territoire métropolitain et ultramarin avec un solde positif d’installations par an de moins de 5 000 médecins ? Comment pourront-ils soigner 600 000 personnes ? Est-ce les médecins qui feront revenir les services publics et les services ruraux qui sont maintenant en pénurie, ainsi que l’emploi dans les zones sinistrées ? Feront-ils revenir les pharmacies pourtant réglementées dont 300 ferment chaque année ? Sans compter que les conditions d’installation de la famille du médecin ne seront probablement pas réunies.Enfin, les résultats d’un récent sondage montrent que 96 % des jeunes diplômés déjà épuisés par plusieurs années pendant lesquelles, comme internes, ils ont tenu à bout de bras à l’hôpital pour 1 600 euros par mois, malgré l’amour de leur métier et la conscience de leur mission, envisagent très mal voire refusent cette coercition. Nous proposons donc de lever les contraintes et de faire des propositions d’incitation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 403,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695023",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "N46d8e6fdd643",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "De plus, comment couvrir rapidement et efficacement 87 % du territoire métropolitain et ultramarin avec un solde positif d’installations par an de moins de 5 000 médecins ? Comment pourront-ils soigner 600 000 personnes ? Est-ce les médecins qui feront revenir les services publics et les services ruraux qui sont maintenant en pénurie, ainsi que l’emploi dans les zones sinistrées ? Feront-ils revenir les pharmacies pourtant réglementées dont 300 ferment chaque année ? Sans compter que les conditions d’installation de la famille du médecin ne seront probablement pas réunies.Enfin, les résultats d’un récent sondage montrent que 96 % des jeunes diplômés déjà épuisés par plusieurs années pendant lesquelles, comme internes, ils ont tenu à bout de bras à l’hôpital pour 1 600 euros par mois, malgré l’amour de leur métier et la conscience de leur mission, envisagent très mal voire refusent cette coercition. Nous proposons donc de lever les contraintes et de faire des propositions d’incitation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720644",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Nury",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Nury",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695027",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695027"
   ],
   "order": 407,
   "text": "La mesure phare de cette proposition de loi transpartisane, à l’initiative de Guillaume Garot, de moi-même et de nombreux députés de tous bords, est précisément cet article qui vise à réguler l’installation des médecins. Je suis élu du département de l’Orne qui est en urgence absolue en matière d’accès à la santé. Depuis quinze ans, tout a été essayé pour faire venir des médecins : des incitations financières, des exonérations d’impôt, des locaux flambant neufs fournis par les collectivités, des bourses aux étudiants. En matière d’incitation, on a tout essayé mais cela ne fonctionne pas !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 407,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695027",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 96,
   "annotation_id": "N836dff48dd54",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La mesure phare de cette proposition de loi transpartisane, à l’initiative de [PERSONNE], de moi-même et de nombreux députés de tous bords, est précisément cet article qui vise à réguler l’installation des médecins. Je suis élu du département de l’Orne qui est en urgence absolue en matière d’accès à la santé. Depuis quinze ans, tout a été essayé pour faire venir des médecins : des incitations financières, des exonérations d’impôt, des locaux flambant neufs fournis par les collectivités, des bourses aux étudiants. En matière d’incitation, on a tout essayé mais cela ne fonctionne pas !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720644",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Nury",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Nury",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695030",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695030"
   ],
   "order": 410,
   "text": "Dans un département de 280 000 habitants, il ne nous reste que 150 médecins généralistes dont la moitié ont plus de 60 ans. Face à cette urgence, au désarroi des habitants qui se transforme en colère et à nos professionnels de santé encore présents mais qui sont mis en grande tension par les patients, il faut sortir des sentiers battus et des solutions qui ne marchent pas.La régulation doit être essayée car elle porte en elle la justice et l’égalité aux soins de nos concitoyens. Elle ne sera pas une solution miracle instantanée mais elle assurera une péréquation territoriale de santé indispensable pour redonner espoir à nos concitoyens, notamment dans les zones rurales. Si la régulation a été introduite pour les infirmiers, les pharmaciens, les kinés et depuis le 1er janvier dernier pour les dentistes, c’est qu’elle permet une meilleure répartition des professionnels.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 410,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695030",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 143,
   "annotation_id": "N3ada5e693952",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dans un département de 280 000 habitants, il ne nous reste que 150 médecins généralistes dont la moitié ont plus de 60 ans. Face à cette urgence, au désarroi des habitants qui se transforme en colère et à nos professionnels de santé encore présents mais qui sont mis en grande tension par les patients, il faut sortir des sentiers battus et des solutions qui ne marchent pas.La régulation doit être essayée car elle porte en elle la justice et l’égalité aux soins de nos concitoyens. Elle ne sera pas une solution miracle instantanée mais elle assurera une péréquation territoriale de santé indispensable pour redonner espoir à nos concitoyens, notamment dans les zones rurales. Si la régulation a été introduite pour les infirmiers, les pharmaciens, les kinés et depuis le 1er janvier dernier pour les dentistes, c’est qu’elle permet une meilleure répartition des professionnels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720644",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Nury",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Nury",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695033",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695033"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "C’est d’ailleurs ce qu’a reconnu récemment le premier ministre, en se déclarant favorable à cette expérimentation et à la régulation à l’installation. Nos nombreux concitoyens vivant dans des déserts médicaux nous regardent. Soyons à la hauteur de leurs espérances ! Mettons de côté, tous ensemble, nos idéologies, nos corporatismes et nos clivages et montrons que notre assemblée est capable de voter avec pragmatisme et bon sens ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes DR, SOC, EcoS. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 413,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695033",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Na3054197ffb9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est d’ailleurs ce qu’a reconnu récemment le premier ministre, en se déclarant favorable à cette expérimentation et à la régulation à l’installation. Nos nombreux concitoyens vivant dans des déserts médicaux nous regardent. Soyons à la hauteur de leurs espérances ! Mettons de côté, tous ensemble, nos idéologies, nos corporatismes et nos clivages et montrons que notre assemblée est capable de voter avec pragmatisme et bon sens ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes DR, [GROUPE], [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695036",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695036"
   ],
   "order": 415,
   "text": "Je comprends les amendements de mes collègues Vigier et Brun parce que la colère gronde et que les Français ne peuvent pas se faire soigner : il faudrait être aveugle pour ne pas le voir. Cependant, je veux aussi leur dire que si nous en sommes arrivés là, c’est que depuis des années, des décisions n’ont pas été prises. (MM. Thierry Benoit et Jérôme Nury applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 415,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695036",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N80a4835716b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends les amendements de mes collègues Vigier et Brun parce que la colère gronde et que les Français ne peuvent pas se faire soigner : il faudrait être aveugle pour ne pas le voir. Cependant, je veux aussi leur dire que si nous en sommes arrivés là, c’est que depuis des années, des décisions n’ont pas été prises. (MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695038",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695038"
   ],
   "order": 417,
   "text": "Nous sommes au bord du gouffre mais la décision de la régulation qu’ils proposent risque d’entraîner des effets bien pires et contraires à leurs espérances. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RN et EPR. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 417,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695038",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nb48b03f09da0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes au bord du gouffre mais la décision de la régulation qu’ils proposent risque d’entraîner des effets bien pires et contraires à leurs espérances. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695040",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695040"
   ],
   "order": 419,
   "text": "Je vais m’expliquer. Je veux absolument m’installer dans une ville où la régulation interdirait que je m’installe. Que va-t-il se passer ? Je vais me faire embaucher par l’Ehpad, par l’hôpital, par la médecine scolaire, je vais trouver un poste et j’arriverai à m’installer. Vous aurez perdu ainsi un médecin qui voulait s’installer en libéral.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 419,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695040",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N7f968ac7519b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais m’expliquer. Je veux absolument m’installer dans une ville où la régulation interdirait que je m’installe. Que va-t-il se passer ? Je vais me faire embaucher par l’Ehpad, par l’hôpital, par la médecine scolaire, je vais trouver un poste et j’arriverai à m’installer. Vous aurez perdu ainsi un médecin qui voulait s’installer en libéral."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695043",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695043"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "Une fois que j’ai dit cela, je comprendrais que MM. Brun et Vigier me répondent : alors, que fait-on ? C’est pourquoi nous devons être disruptifs ! (Sourires et exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.) Il nous faut proposer des solutions disruptives mais qui fonctionnent. (Nouvelles protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.)L’an dernier, 20 000 médecins étrangers ont voulu venir travailler en France et nous en avons accueilli 3 000.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 422,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695043",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "N9bd1eebc934f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Une fois que j’ai dit cela, je comprendrais que MM. Brun et Vigier me répondent : alors, que fait-on ? C’est pourquoi nous devons être disruptifs ! (Sourires et exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Il nous faut proposer des solutions disruptives mais qui fonctionnent. (Nouvelles protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)L’an dernier, 20 000 médecins étrangers ont voulu venir travailler en France et nous en avons accueilli 3 000."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695046",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695046"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "Cette année, le gouvernement a augmenté le nombre de médecins étrangers, mais il faut aller bien au-delà. Si 20 000 médecins étrangers veulent venir, pourquoi n’en prendre que 3 000 ? Prenez tous ceux qui ont le niveau et mettez-les là où on en a besoin !De même, il y a trois ans, j’avais proposé la création des docteurs juniors. Il faut reconsidérer cette proposition et les affecter là où on en a besoin ! Si on ne le fait pas, on ne répond pas aux besoins de la nation.Enfin, la conférence des doyens a récemment fait une proposition, que M. le ministre connaît, pour faire en sorte que les étudiants en médecine qui viennent de passer leurs tests soient affectés durant deux ans dans des territoires. Voilà une sorte de nouveau docteur junior !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 425,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695046",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 135,
   "annotation_id": "Nf1163dc2f514",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cette année, le gouvernement a augmenté le nombre de médecins étrangers, mais il faut aller bien au-delà. Si 20 000 médecins étrangers veulent venir, pourquoi n’en prendre que 3 000 ? Prenez tous ceux qui ont le niveau et mettez-les là où on en a besoin !De même, il y a trois ans, j’avais proposé la création des docteurs juniors. Il faut reconsidérer cette proposition et les affecter là où on en a besoin ! Si on ne le fait pas, on ne répond pas aux besoins de la nation.Enfin, la conférence des doyens a récemment fait une proposition, que M. le ministre connaît, pour faire en sorte que les étudiants en médecine qui viennent de passer leurs tests soient affectés durant deux ans dans des territoires. Voilà une sorte de nouveau docteur junior !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695051",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695051"
   ],
   "order": 430,
   "text": "Je me réjouis de ce travail très intéressant et transpartisan des partisans d’un meilleur accès aux soins. Néanmoins, je suis assez troublé de la nature de nos débats parce qu’on parle beaucoup des médecins mais très peu des patients ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes GDR, LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, HOR et UDR.) Une chose est sûre et je veux la dire à mes collègues opposés à cette proposition de loi et à M. le ministre : vous avez déjà perdu la bataille des idées parce que la totalité des patients qui n’ont pas de médecin sont favorables à cette proposition de loi. (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 430,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695051",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N49d408ffe7ce",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je me réjouis de ce travail très intéressant et transpartisan des partisans d’un meilleur accès aux soins. Néanmoins, je suis assez troublé de la nature de nos débats parce qu’on parle beaucoup des médecins mais très peu des patients ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], HOR et [GROUPE].) Une chose est sûre et je veux la dire à mes collègues opposés à cette proposition de loi et à M. le ministre : vous avez déjà perdu la bataille des idées parce que la totalité des patients qui n’ont pas de médecin sont favorables à cette proposition de loi. (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695053",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695053"
   ],
   "order": 432,
   "text": "Dans notre pays, six Français sur dix renoncent à des soins. Certes, des médecins grognent mais dois-je rappeler qu’ils vivent et travaillent grâce au financement de la solidarité nationale, par la sécurité sociale, et que nous leur demandons simplement une juste contrepartie au vu de l’ampleur du désert médical qui progresse dans notre pays ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.)Beaucoup d’entre vous nous disent ce qu’il faudrait faire. En l’occurrence, vous avez l’occasion de faire quelque chose : installer un peu de régulation pour un meilleur accès aux soins et voter pour l’amendement ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes GDR, LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 432,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695053",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 111,
   "annotation_id": "N6806733ddbf8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans notre pays, six Français sur dix renoncent à des soins. Certes, des médecins grognent mais dois-je rappeler qu’ils vivent et travaillent grâce au financement de la solidarité nationale, par la sécurité sociale, et que nous leur demandons simplement une juste contrepartie au vu de l’ampleur du désert médical qui progresse dans notre pays ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Beaucoup d’entre vous nous disent ce qu’il faudrait faire. En l’occurrence, vous avez l’occasion de faire quelque chose : installer un peu de régulation pour un meilleur accès aux soins et voter pour l’amendement ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695057",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695057"
   ],
   "order": 436,
   "text": "L’association des maires ruraux de France, qui représente des territoires particulièrement concernés, s’est prononcée pour la régulation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, EcoS et GDR. – M. Éric Martineau applaudit également.) La régulation ne signifie pas la coercition, elle permet aux médecins de s’installer où ils veulent sur 87 % du territoire.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez évoqué, à juste titre, les dynamiques opérées par les professionnels de santé, notamment dans le cadre des maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires, dans les centres de santé où travaillent des salariés, dans les CPTS. Vous avez raison et ces structures attendent justement de disposer de plus de médecins : la régulation le permettrait.Nous avons entendu des chercheurs qui nous ont expliqué l’évolution de la répartition des médecins. Dans les années 1970, il y avait pléthore de médecins qui étaient déjà mal répartis. Ces problèmes se sont accentués depuis les années 2000, jusqu’à aboutir à la catastrophe que nous vivons avec les déserts médicaux. La mesure de régulation que nous proposons permettra de stopper la fuite vers les territoires sur-dotés, ce qui sera bon à la fois pour la santé publique et pour l’assurance maladie, car une trop grande concentration de médecins les incite à pratiquer la surconsultation, problème qui doit être maîtrisé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 436,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695057",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 230,
   "annotation_id": "N5e78d1831a42",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’association des maires ruraux de France, qui représente des territoires particulièrement concernés, s’est prononcée pour la régulation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) La régulation ne signifie pas la coercition, elle permet aux médecins de s’installer où ils veulent sur 87 % du territoire.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez évoqué, à juste titre, les dynamiques opérées par les professionnels de santé, notamment dans le cadre des maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires, dans les centres de santé où travaillent des salariés, dans les CPTS. Vous avez raison et ces structures attendent justement de disposer de plus de médecins : la régulation le permettrait.Nous avons entendu des chercheurs qui nous ont expliqué l’évolution de la répartition des médecins. Dans les années 1970, il y avait pléthore de médecins qui étaient déjà mal répartis. Ces problèmes se sont accentués depuis les années 2000, jusqu’à aboutir à la catastrophe que nous vivons avec les déserts médicaux. La mesure de régulation que nous proposons permettra de stopper la fuite vers les territoires sur-dotés, ce qui sera bon à la fois pour la santé publique et pour l’assurance maladie, car une trop grande concentration de médecins les incite à pratiquer la surconsultation, problème qui doit être maîtrisé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695061",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695061"
   ],
   "order": 440,
   "text": "Je remercie Guillaume Garot pour le travail qu’il réalise depuis maintenant trois ans. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – Mme Stella Dupont applaudit également.) J’ai été heureux de travailler avec lui dans un cadre transpartisan qui nous a permis d’aboutir à cette première proposition dont nous débattons ce soir.La régulation sur les installations que nous proposons avec l’amendement no 55 que j’ai cosigné pour rétablir l’article 1er n’est pas une régulation coercitive. La liberté d’installation est préservée dans plus de 87 % du territoire, là où existent des déserts médicaux et où il manque des médecins.La régulation ne concernera donc que les territoires bien dotés, c’est-à-dire une minorité.Je reviens également sur la répartition territoriale. Comme Fabrice Brun, je suis d’un territoire rural – le Gers, dans mon cas – qui se sent parfois oublié des politiques publiques. Les disparités entre les territoires sont criantes ; je l’ai vu quand, travaillant en tant que maire sur la question des déserts médicaux, j’ai constaté que le Pays basque ou encore la côte comptaient énormément de médecins. Améliorons donc la répartition territoriale et limitons les inégalités entre les territoires ; cela est déterminant.La rédaction proposée maintient également les dispositifs d’aide à l’installation. Il serait aberrant de faire croire aux médecins que nous allons les modifier ! Ils seront préservés.Enfin, que dirons-nous à nos concitoyens qui ne peuvent consulter un médecin ? Certes, cette disposition n’est pas une solution miracle, mais elle améliorera la situation des déserts médicaux et favorisera l’installation de médecins dans ces territoires. Or ceux qui ont été maires savent, pour avoir été confrontés au désespoir de leurs concitoyens, que chaque installation de médecin en milieu rural est une victoire ! (M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit.) Si cette disposition permet d’obtenir ne serait-ce que quelques médecins de plus en milieu rural, ce sera une grande victoire. J’appelle donc l’ensemble de mes collègues à voter l’amendement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, DR, EcoS, Dem et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 440,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695061",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 328,
   "annotation_id": "N414eabcef86a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LMQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie [PERSONNE] pour le travail qu’il réalise depuis maintenant trois ans. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) J’ai été heureux de travailler avec lui dans un cadre transpartisan qui nous a permis d’aboutir à cette première proposition dont nous débattons ce soir.La régulation sur les installations que nous proposons avec l’amendement no 55 que j’ai cosigné pour rétablir l’article 1er n’est pas une régulation coercitive. La liberté d’installation est préservée dans plus de 87 % du territoire, là où existent des déserts médicaux et où il manque des médecins.La régulation ne concernera donc que les territoires bien dotés, c’est-à-dire une minorité.Je reviens également sur la répartition territoriale. Comme [PERSONNE], je suis d’un territoire rural – le Gers, dans mon cas – qui se sent parfois oublié des politiques publiques. Les disparités entre les territoires sont criantes ; je l’ai vu quand, travaillant en tant que maire sur la question des déserts médicaux, j’ai constaté que le Pays basque ou encore la côte comptaient énormément de médecins. Améliorons donc la répartition territoriale et limitons les inégalités entre les territoires ; cela est déterminant.La rédaction proposée maintient également les dispositifs d’aide à l’installation. Il serait aberrant de faire croire aux médecins que nous allons les modifier ! Ils seront préservés.Enfin, que dirons-nous à nos concitoyens qui ne peuvent consulter un médecin ? Certes, cette disposition n’est pas une solution miracle, mais elle améliorera la situation des déserts médicaux et favorisera l’installation de médecins dans ces territoires. Or ceux qui ont été maires savent, pour avoir été confrontés au désespoir de leurs concitoyens, que chaque installation de médecin en milieu rural est une victoire ! (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Si cette disposition permet d’obtenir ne serait-ce que quelques médecins de plus en milieu rural, ce sera une grande victoire. J’appelle donc l’ensemble de mes collègues à voter l’amendement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR, [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695477",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695477"
   ],
   "order": 447,
   "text": "Je dresse le même constat que de nombreux députés, en particulier mon ami et collègue Fabrice Brun. Malheureusement, je ne partage pas leur avis sur les remèdes. L’article 1er nous fait partir sur de mauvaises bases car la régulation n’a jamais rien réglé nulle part, ni en Allemagne, ni en France pour les pharmaciens : il n’y a jamais eu autant de fermetures de pharmacie dans les zones rurales qu’actuellement.D’autres l’ont dit avant moi, le dispositif sera très facile à contourner, puisqu’il manque des postes partout, de la médecine scolaire aux Ehpad en passant par la médecine du travail. Nous risquons même de pousser certains des 12 % qui restent à aller s’installer en Suisse, ce qui serait une catastrophe étant donné le coût de la formation d’un médecin.La proposition de loi est fondée sur le zonage. Or cet outil n’est pas du tout au point. C’est cela qui m’inquiète : à cause du zonage, nous risquons d’aggraver la situation. Nous serions incapables de réviser le dispositif de manière suffisamment régulière. En outre, la profession a changé. Il faut 2,3 médecins pour en remplacer 1 qui part à la retraite. En combinant ces deux facteurs, on se rend compte que le rétablissement de l’article aggravera le manque de médecins dans les zones rurales. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 447,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695477",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 220,
   "annotation_id": "N6013eed474f0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je dresse le même constat que de nombreux députés, en particulier mon ami et collègue [PERSONNE]. Malheureusement, je ne partage pas leur avis sur les remèdes. L’article 1er nous fait partir sur de mauvaises bases car la régulation n’a jamais rien réglé nulle part, ni en Allemagne, ni en France pour les pharmaciens : il n’y a jamais eu autant de fermetures de pharmacie dans les zones rurales qu’actuellement.D’autres l’ont dit avant moi, le dispositif sera très facile à contourner, puisqu’il manque des postes partout, de la médecine scolaire aux Ehpad en passant par la médecine du travail. Nous risquons même de pousser certains des 12 % qui restent à aller s’installer en Suisse, ce qui serait une catastrophe étant donné le coût de la formation d’un médecin.La proposition de loi est fondée sur le zonage. Or cet outil n’est pas du tout au point. C’est cela qui m’inquiète : à cause du zonage, nous risquons d’aggraver la situation. Nous serions incapables de réviser le dispositif de manière suffisamment régulière. En outre, la profession a changé. Il faut 2,3 médecins pour en remplacer 1 qui part à la retraite. En combinant ces deux facteurs, on se rend compte que le rétablissement de l’article aggravera le manque de médecins dans les zones rurales. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794154",
   "speaker": "Jean-Claude Raux",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Claude Raux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695481",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695481"
   ],
   "order": 451,
   "text": "Je crois qu’il faut dépassionner le débat et nous défaire de l’idée que l’article serait une mesure de coercition risquant de détourner les praticiens de l’exercice de la médecine et d’assécher les bonnes volontés. J’ai l’impression que nous sommes en bonne voie, car il est rare de voir cette mesure recueillir dans l’hémicycle un assentiment aussi large.Tout le monde sait qu’il n’y a pas de solution miracle, mais pouvons-nous continuer à penser que l’offre de soins répondra naturellement aux besoins de la population, qu’en matière de santé l’offre et la demande s’équilibrent dans notre pays ?Les médecins, du moins leurs représentants, n’ont pas été tendres avec notre groupe transpartisan, mais je vais faire preuve d’un peu de tendresse à leur égard. Nous savons que l’exercice de la médecine générale n’est pas un métier comme les autres, que le profil et les attentes des médecins ont changé, qu’ils et elles ne veulent plus d’un sacerdoce, revendiquent leur droit à une vie privée, sont attirés par l’exercice salarié et collectif. Nous voulons dire à tous les médecins qu’ils doivent se sentir soutenus et considérés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EcoS, LFI-NFP et GDR. – M. le rapporteur applaudit également.)Néanmoins, ils et elles doivent aussi prendre conscience que leurs confrères de plus en plus seuls et épuisés qui exercent dans les déserts médicaux ont urgemment besoin d’aide. Ils doivent prendre conscience que le désespoir de ces millions de personnes qui n’ont plus de médecin nous impose d’explorer de nouvelles pistes, qu’entretenir la concurrence entre les territoires sans régler les problèmes de désertification médicale nuit gravement à la santé démocratique, que ne rien faire reviendrait à laisser se creuser les inégalités territoriales, à accepter qu’ici ou là on ne puisse plus se soigner. Les exemples de non-recours aux soins sont déjà beaucoup trop nombreux pour être tolérables. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR.) Le groupe Écologiste et social vous invite à voter le rétablissement de l’article 1er et la régulation de l’installation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 451,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695481",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 349,
   "annotation_id": "N19523b31209e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je crois qu’il faut dépassionner le débat et nous défaire de l’idée que l’article serait une mesure de coercition risquant de détourner les praticiens de l’exercice de la médecine et d’assécher les bonnes volontés. J’ai l’impression que nous sommes en bonne voie, car il est rare de voir cette mesure recueillir dans l’hémicycle un assentiment aussi large.Tout le monde sait qu’il n’y a pas de solution miracle, mais pouvons-nous continuer à penser que l’offre de soins répondra naturellement aux besoins de la population, qu’en matière de santé l’offre et la demande s’équilibrent dans notre pays ?Les médecins, du moins leurs représentants, n’ont pas été tendres avec notre groupe transpartisan, mais je vais faire preuve d’un peu de tendresse à leur égard. Nous savons que l’exercice de la médecine générale n’est pas un métier comme les autres, que le profil et les attentes des médecins ont changé, qu’ils et elles ne veulent plus d’un sacerdoce, revendiquent leur droit à une vie privée, sont attirés par l’exercice salarié et collectif. Nous voulons dire à tous les médecins qu’ils doivent se sentir soutenus et considérés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. le rapporteur applaudit également.)Néanmoins, ils et elles doivent aussi prendre conscience que leurs confrères de plus en plus seuls et épuisés qui exercent dans les déserts médicaux ont urgemment besoin d’aide. Ils doivent prendre conscience que le désespoir de ces millions de personnes qui n’ont plus de médecin nous impose d’explorer de nouvelles pistes, qu’entretenir la concurrence entre les territoires sans régler les problèmes de désertification médicale nuit gravement à la santé démocratique, que ne rien faire reviendrait à laisser se creuser les inégalités territoriales, à accepter qu’ici ou là on ne puisse plus se soigner. Les exemples de non-recours aux soins sont déjà beaucoup trop nombreux pour être tolérables. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Le groupe [GROUPE] vous invite à voter le rétablissement de l’article 1er et la régulation de l’installation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695486",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695486"
   ],
   "order": 456,
   "text": "C’est avec beaucoup de fierté que nous proposons cet amendement et ce texte. C’est le fruit d’un travail qui a duré trois ans, qui a réuni des députés membres de 90 % des groupes parlementaires (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR) et donné lieu à quatre-vingt-dix auditions. Il n’y a rien de plus transpartisan ni de plus démocratique que cette proposition de loi défendue par Guillaume Garot ! (Mêmes mouvements.)Si nous avons mené ce travail, c’est parce que les déserts médicaux sont un fléau. Ils le sont d’abord pour les patients : 6 millions d’entre eux n’ont pas de médecin traitant, parmi lesquels 500 000 souffrent d’une maladie chronique. Selon une récente étude, le risque de mourir l’année suivant le diagnostic d’un cancer est deux fois plus grand pour une personne vivant dans un désert médical, faute de suivi correct. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 456,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695486",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 154,
   "annotation_id": "Nf1ec188b9c9f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est avec beaucoup de fierté que nous proposons cet amendement et ce texte. C’est le fruit d’un travail qui a duré trois ans, qui a réuni des députés membres de 90 % des groupes parlementaires (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]) et donné lieu à quatre-vingt-dix auditions. Il n’y a rien de plus transpartisan ni de plus démocratique que cette proposition de loi défendue par [PERSONNE] ! (Mêmes mouvements.)Si nous avons mené ce travail, c’est parce que les déserts médicaux sont un fléau. Ils le sont d’abord pour les patients : 6 millions d’entre eux n’ont pas de médecin traitant, parmi lesquels 500 000 souffrent d’une maladie chronique. Selon une récente étude, le risque de mourir l’année suivant le diagnostic d’un cancer est deux fois plus grand pour une personne vivant dans un désert médical, faute de suivi correct. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695491",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695491"
   ],
   "order": 461,
   "text": "Chez moi, à Ambazac, quatre médecins ont mis fin à leur activité. D’après un médecin avec qui j’en ai parlé, cela mettra 4 000 patients sur le carreau. Sa liste d’attente étant déjà pleine, il ne pourra pas les accueillir lui-même. Cela ne ferait qu’ajouter à sa fatigue ; je rappelle que 45 % des médecins généralistes montrent des signes de burn-out. La proposition de loi est faite pour aider les patients mais aussi les généralistes qui attendent des collègues dans les déserts médicaux ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR. – Mme Nicole Le Peih, M. Thierry Benoit et M. Loïc Kervran applaudissent également.)Oui, il y a des déserts médicaux dans tous les départements : dans les quartiers prioritaires, dans les zones rurales ou encore dans les villes. Chez moi – quelqu’un a cité Limoges –, nous avons perdu trente médecins en cinq ans et risquons d’en perdre quatre-vingts dans les quatre prochaines années. Cette mesure est simplement de bon sens :…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 461,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695491",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 168,
   "annotation_id": "Ne12bddbb25ae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chez moi, à Ambazac, quatre médecins ont mis fin à leur activité. D’après un médecin avec qui j’en ai parlé, cela mettra 4 000 patients sur le carreau. Sa liste d’attente étant déjà pleine, il ne pourra pas les accueillir lui-même. Cela ne ferait qu’ajouter à sa fatigue ; je rappelle que 45 % des médecins généralistes montrent des signes de burn-out. La proposition de loi est faite pour aider les patients mais aussi les généralistes qui attendent des collègues dans les déserts médicaux ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)Oui, il y a des déserts médicaux dans tous les départements : dans les quartiers prioritaires, dans les zones rurales ou encore dans les villes. Chez moi – quelqu’un a cité Limoges –, nous avons perdu trente médecins en cinq ans et risquons d’en perdre quatre-vingts dans les quatre prochaines années. Cette mesure est simplement de bon sens :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695495",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695495"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "…si 90 % du territoire est un désert médical, faisons en sorte que les médecins s’installent dans ces 90 % plutôt que dans les 10 % restants. La même mesure est appliquée aux pharmaciens,…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 465,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695495",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "Nb4006b2936ac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…si 90 % du territoire est un désert médical, faisons en sorte que les médecins s’installent dans ces 90 % plutôt que dans les 10 % restants. La même mesure est appliquée aux pharmaciens,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695497"
   ],
   "order": 467,
   "text": "…aux infirmiers, aux kinésithérapeutes. Pourquoi ne pourrait-on l’appliquer aux médecins libéraux ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.) Elle fonctionne à l’étranger et 90 % des Français sont pour ; le Parlement doit l’entendre. (Mêmes mouvements. – Plusieurs députés du groupe LFI-NFP se lèvent pour applaudir. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 467,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695497",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "N6356976cad5f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…aux infirmiers, aux kinésithérapeutes. Pourquoi ne pourrait-on l’appliquer aux médecins libéraux ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Elle fonctionne à l’étranger et 90 % des Français sont pour ; le Parlement doit l’entendre. (Mêmes mouvements. – Plusieurs députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent pour applaudir. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695499",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695499"
   ],
   "order": 469,
   "text": "Je vais expliquer une nouvelle fois, avec de nouveaux arguments, pourquoi nous sommes contre l’amendement. Les gens souffrent des déserts médicaux ; il ne faut pas leur faire de fausses promesses. Or je considère que cet amendement est porteur de fausses promesses. (Mme Liliana Tanguy applaudit.)Vous voulez nous rassurer en soulignant que seuls 10 % du territoire sont considérés comme sur-dotés. Cela signifie que les nouvelles installations concerneront 90 % du territoire. Faisons un calcul rapide. D’après vous, la régulation permettrait que 400 médecins par an s’installent dans 90 % du territoire ; cela suppose qu’ils restent médecins généralistes plutôt que de se tourner vers une autre activité, mais admettons. Cela fait donc 400 médecins pour 32 760 communes – allez choisir –, soit 1 médecin pour 81 communes. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.) À ce rythme, il faudra 90 ans pour compenser les départs à la retraite des médecins de mon département.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 469,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695499",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 158,
   "annotation_id": "N1aa87a772bf1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais expliquer une nouvelle fois, avec de nouveaux arguments, pourquoi nous sommes contre l’amendement. Les gens souffrent des déserts médicaux ; il ne faut pas leur faire de fausses promesses. Or je considère que cet amendement est porteur de fausses promesses. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Vous voulez nous rassurer en soulignant que seuls 10 % du territoire sont considérés comme sur-dotés. Cela signifie que les nouvelles installations concerneront 90 % du territoire. Faisons un calcul rapide. D’après vous, la régulation permettrait que 400 médecins par an s’installent dans 90 % du territoire ; cela suppose qu’ils restent médecins généralistes plutôt que de se tourner vers une autre activité, mais admettons. Cela fait donc 400 médecins pour 32 760 communes – allez choisir –, soit 1 médecin pour 81 communes. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) À ce rythme, il faudra 90 ans pour compenser les départs à la retraite des médecins de mon département."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695502"
   ],
   "order": 472,
   "text": "Plutôt qu’une mesure qui mettra 90 ans pour être efficace, nous devons prendre des mesures efficaces dès maintenant. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.) Le transfert de compétences ou encore l’accès direct aux soins, voilà des mesures efficaces. Il ne faut pas mentir aux gens en leur assurant que votre amendement améliorera la situation car, je le répète, il ne fera que l’aggraver. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 472,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695502",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N59ec07ce85bc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Plutôt qu’une mesure qui mettra 90 ans pour être efficace, nous devons prendre des mesures efficaces dès maintenant. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Le transfert de compétences ou encore l’accès direct aux soins, voilà des mesures efficaces. Il ne faut pas mentir aux gens en leur assurant que votre amendement améliorera la situation car, je le répète, il ne fera que l’aggraver. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695504",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695504"
   ],
   "order": 474,
   "text": "Essayons de dépassionner un peu le débat. (Murmures sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.) Je ne pourrai pas parler si j’entends des bruissements derrière moi dès que je dis un mot ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC et sur quelques bancs des groupes DR, EcoS et HOR.)Monsieur le ministre, je salue votre volonté de trouver un chemin. Avec respect, je vous ferai observer que Guillaume Garot et les autres défenseurs de la mesure n’ont pas clamé que nous détenions une solution extraordinaire ; nous avons simplement proposé une solution qui n’a pas encore été essayée.Personne n’a répondu à ce que j’ai dit lors de la discussion générale à propos des étudiants en médecine. Monsieur le ministre, puisque le mois d’avril doit être fertile, peut-être pourrez-vous donner une réponse aux étudiants de première année qui nous regardent et qui pourraient louper à un ou deux points près le passage en deuxième année : le redoublement sera-t-il possible ? Explorerez-vous cette piste actuellement fermée ? L’impossibilité de redoubler brise des vocations ! Pas un mot n’a été dit à ce sujet. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et SOC. – MM. Thierry Benoit et François-Xavier Ceccoli applaudissent également.)Par ailleurs, je m’inscris en faux contre l’idée qu’un médecin pourrait choisir sa spécialité médicale. La vérité – si j’ai tort, vous me le démontrerez et j’accepterai mon erreur –, c’est que les médecins choisissent en fonction de leur classement leur spécialité et la ville où ils seront accueillis ! C’est la vérité, nul ne peut le contester ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et SOC. – Mme Ségolène Amiot et M. Yannick Monnet applaudissent également. – Mme Stéphanie Rist s’exclame.) Vous aurez beau vouloir être radiologue, si vous êtes 6 000e au classement, vous ne serez jamais radiologue de votre vie. Osons le dire car personne n’en parle ; pas vu, pas pris ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem, SOC, EcoS et GDR.)Pour terminer, monsieur le ministre, je vous fais une proposition. Je salue à nouveau votre volonté de trouver des solutions en avril. Le texte que nous examinons étant une proposition de loi, son parcours sera loin d’être fini même si nous rétablissons l’article 1er. (M. Gérard Leseul applaudit.) Pour donner du poids politique à votre démarche, votons l’article, et travaillons ensemble lors de la navette parlementaire pour inclure les résultats que vous aurez obtenus ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, LFI-NFP, SOC, DR, EcoS, HOR et GDR ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 474,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695504",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 422,
   "annotation_id": "N101554a66ac2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Essayons de dépassionner un peu le débat. (Murmures sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je ne pourrai pas parler si j’entends des bruissements derrière moi dès que je dis un mot ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes DR, [GROUPE] et HOR.)Monsieur le ministre, je salue votre volonté de trouver un chemin. Avec respect, je vous ferai observer que [PERSONNE] et les autres défenseurs de la mesure n’ont pas clamé que nous détenions une solution extraordinaire ; nous avons simplement proposé une solution qui n’a pas encore été essayée.Personne n’a répondu à ce que j’ai dit lors de la discussion générale à propos des étudiants en médecine. Monsieur le ministre, puisque le mois d’avril doit être fertile, peut-être pourrez-vous donner une réponse aux étudiants de première année qui nous regardent et qui pourraient louper à un ou deux points près le passage en deuxième année : le redoublement sera-t-il possible ? Explorerez-vous cette piste actuellement fermée ? L’impossibilité de redoubler brise des vocations ! Pas un mot n’a été dit à ce sujet. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE]. – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)Par ailleurs, je m’inscris en faux contre l’idée qu’un médecin pourrait choisir sa spécialité médicale. La vérité – si j’ai tort, vous me le démontrerez et j’accepterai mon erreur –, c’est que les médecins choisissent en fonction de leur classement leur spécialité et la ville où ils seront accueillis ! C’est la vérité, nul ne peut le contester ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également. – Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Vous aurez beau vouloir être radiologue, si vous êtes 6 000e au classement, vous ne serez jamais radiologue de votre vie. Osons le dire car personne n’en parle ; pas vu, pas pris ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Pour terminer, monsieur le ministre, je vous fais une proposition. Je salue à nouveau votre volonté de trouver des solutions en avril. Le texte que nous examinons étant une proposition de loi, son parcours sera loin d’être fini même si nous rétablissons l’article 1er. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Pour donner du poids politique à votre démarche, votons l’article, et travaillons ensemble lors de la navette parlementaire pour inclure les résultats que vous aurez obtenus ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR, [GROUPE], HOR et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA267780",
   "speaker": "Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695510",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695510"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "Pour avoir sagement écouté tous les orateurs pendant maintenant plusieurs heures, je crois pouvoir dire que le diagnostic est largement partagé. La volonté de lutter contre les déserts médicaux n’est l’apanage de personne ; nous la partageons tous ici, même si nos remèdes sont différents.Les déserts médicaux ont commencé par toucher la ruralité, mais n’oublions pas que le plus grand désert médical de France, c’est Paris ! (Exclamations prolongées sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.) Eh oui !",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 480,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695510",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Nd0844da5b579",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pour avoir sagement écouté tous les orateurs pendant maintenant plusieurs heures, je crois pouvoir dire que le diagnostic est largement partagé. La volonté de lutter contre les déserts médicaux n’est l’apanage de personne ; nous la partageons tous ici, même si nos remèdes sont différents.Les déserts médicaux ont commencé par toucher la ruralité, mais n’oublions pas que le plus grand désert médical de France, c’est Paris ! (Exclamations prolongées sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Eh oui !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA267780",
   "speaker": "Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695513",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695513"
   ],
   "order": 483,
   "text": "Les déserts médicaux recouvrent donc 87 % de la France. Pourquoi suis-je opposée à l’amendement ? J’appartiens à une profession régulée, celle de pharmacien, qui a été citée à plusieurs reprises, et je peux témoigner que la régulation est un problème pour nous ! (Mme Stéphanie Rist applaudit.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 483,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695513",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N3ffc807d0858",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les déserts médicaux recouvrent donc 87 % de la France. Pourquoi suis-je opposée à l’amendement ? J’appartiens à une profession régulée, celle de pharmacien, qui a été citée à plusieurs reprises, et je peux témoigner que la régulation est un problème pour nous ! (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA267780",
   "speaker": "Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695515",
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   "order": 485,
   "text": "Pour réguler l’installation, il faut d’abord des professionnels en nombre suffisant. Or il n’y en a plus assez. À l’école, on m’a appris que zéro multiplié par zéro faisait toujours zéro. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)En outre, la contrainte n’est certainement pas la meilleure des méthodes pour inciter les professionnels à s’installer dans les régions délaissées. Cette méthode délétère peut au contraire, cela a été dit, les pousser à déplaquer, à fuir à l’étranger, voire à quitter la profession. Ce n’est pas, je crois, ce que nous recherchons. Par contraste, c’est de leur plein gré que les dentistes ont accepté la régulation.La faillite est collective. Les mesures nécessaires n’ont pas été prises au début des années 2000, par manque d’anticipation.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 485,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "Nfd358249ed80",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pour réguler l’installation, il faut d’abord des professionnels en nombre suffisant. Or il n’y en a plus assez. À l’école, on m’a appris que zéro multiplié par zéro faisait toujours zéro. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)En outre, la contrainte n’est certainement pas la meilleure des méthodes pour inciter les professionnels à s’installer dans les régions délaissées. Cette méthode délétère peut au contraire, cela a été dit, les pousser à déplaquer, à fuir à l’étranger, voire à quitter la profession. Ce n’est pas, je crois, ce que nous recherchons. Par contraste, c’est de leur plein gré que les dentistes ont accepté la régulation.La faillite est collective. Les mesures nécessaires n’ont pas été prises au début des années 2000, par manque d’anticipation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA267780",
   "speaker": "Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Firmin Le Bodo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695519",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 489,
   "text": "Des mesures ont été prises depuis. Il faut continuer dans cette voie. L’enjeu principal réside dans la formation. La solution sera collective. Cette proposition de loi est une fausse bonne idée ; nous sommes là non pour donner de l’espoir, mais pour trouver des solutions qui fonctionnent. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.) Monsieur Aviragnet, contrairement à ce que vous avez dit, le texte ne mettra pas fin aux déserts médicaux ; ne faisons pas… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice. – Plusieurs députés des groupes HOR et EPR applaudissent cette dernière.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 489,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695519",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "N3593ed44a167",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Des mesures ont été prises depuis. Il faut continuer dans cette voie. L’enjeu principal réside dans la formation. La solution sera collective. Cette proposition de loi est une fausse bonne idée ; nous sommes là non pour donner de l’espoir, mais pour trouver des solutions qui fonctionnent. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Monsieur Aviragnet, contrairement à ce que vous avez dit, le texte ne mettra pas fin aux déserts médicaux ; ne faisons pas… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’oratrice. – Plusieurs députés des groupes HOR et [GROUPE] applaudissent cette dernière.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695521",
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   "order": 491,
   "text": "J’ajoute quelques éléments pour répondre à M. Vigier. Je souhaite que les discussions se poursuivent pour les différentes raisons que j’ai évoquées. Pour les conduire, il faut que nous ayons toutes les parties prenantes autour de la table. Vous avez mentionné plusieurs pistes pour la réforme de la formation des études de santé, qui est très importante et que nous n’avons pas encore assez abordée. D’abord, vous avez évoqué la suppression du numerus apertus pour fixer un nombre d’étudiants en fonction des besoins du territoire. Ensuite, pour faire revenir les étudiants français à l’étranger, en Roumanie, en Belgique, en Espagne, nous devons déterminer comment les intégrer dans le système de santé actuel. Vous posez également à juste titre la question du redoublement. Je porte à votre connaissance le fait que la conférence des doyens a annoncé hier soir envisager de nouvelles modalités de Pass et de licence accès santé (LAS).",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 491,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695521",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 150,
   "annotation_id": "N4bc74cf2b029",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ajoute quelques éléments pour répondre à M. Vigier. Je souhaite que les discussions se poursuivent pour les différentes raisons que j’ai évoquées. Pour les conduire, il faut que nous ayons toutes les parties prenantes autour de la table. Vous avez mentionné plusieurs pistes pour la réforme de la formation des études de santé, qui est très importante et que nous n’avons pas encore assez abordée. D’abord, vous avez évoqué la suppression du numerus apertus pour fixer un nombre d’étudiants en fonction des besoins du territoire. Ensuite, pour faire revenir les étudiants français à l’étranger, en Roumanie, en Belgique, en Espagne, nous devons déterminer comment les intégrer dans le système de santé actuel. Vous posez également à juste titre la question du redoublement. Je porte à votre connaissance le fait que la conférence des doyens a annoncé hier soir envisager de nouvelles modalités de Pass et de licence accès santé (LAS)."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695523",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695523"
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   "order": 493,
   "text": "Nous devons en effet intégrer à nos réflexions la réforme du Pass et de la LAS. Enfin, nous n’avons pas évoqué deux autres sujets – je ne m’exprime pas pour ralentir les débats mais, au contraire, pour les éclairer. Nous tenons des discussions sur les concours de spécialisation. À l’époque où j’ai passé l’internat, les concours étaient régionaux. Nous devons aussi nous poser la question de régionaliser le choix au moment du concours.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 493,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695523",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "Ne378d3da96f5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous devons en effet intégrer à nos réflexions la réforme du Pass et de la LAS. Enfin, nous n’avons pas évoqué deux autres sujets – je ne m’exprime pas pour ralentir les débats mais, au contraire, pour les éclairer. Nous tenons des discussions sur les concours de spécialisation. À l’époque où j’ai passé l’internat, les concours étaient régionaux. Nous devons aussi nous poser la question de régionaliser le choix au moment du concours."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695525",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 495,
   "text": "C’est un sujet important, car tout le monde sait qu’on ne s’installe pas dans un territoire qu’on ne connaît pas. Le fait d’avoir nationalisé les concours a accentué le problème.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 495,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695525",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N3a1e618fb392",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un sujet important, car tout le monde sait qu’on ne s’installe pas dans un territoire qu’on ne connaît pas. Le fait d’avoir nationalisé les concours a accentué le problème."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
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   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695529",
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   "order": 499,
   "text": "Enfin, nous devons développer les passerelles au sein des différentes formations. Le covid a changé beaucoup de choses : certes, des soignants ont voulu quitter le soin, cependant des personnes en quête de sens ont souhaité rejoindre les filières de santé. Nous pouvons donc envisager ces questions de territoire et de régionalisation pour définir les passerelles. Prenons le temps d’échanger au cours de tout le mois d’avril sur ces sujets.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3695010",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 499,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695529",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "Nd0f9c7287aac",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin, nous devons développer les passerelles au sein des différentes formations. Le covid a changé beaucoup de choses : certes, des soignants ont voulu quitter le soin, cependant des personnes en quête de sens ont souhaité rejoindre les filières de santé. Nous pouvons donc envisager ces questions de territoire et de régionalisation pour définir les passerelles. Prenons le temps d’échanger au cours de tout le mois d’avril sur ces sujets."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695547",
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   "order": 516,
   "text": "…qui reconnaît que l’égal accès aux soins est une mission de la nation et donc, par réciproque, que la citoyenneté est fondée sur le fait d’être soigné. Dès lors que nous sommes majoritairement convaincus que la main invisible de l’installation ne suffit pas pour garantir la santé publique, mais qu’au contraire, il convient d’adopter une politique de régulation, se pose la question de son organisation concrète. Le zonage existant, c’est-à-dire la manière dont nous mesurons l’offre de soins et dont nous comparons les territoires, suscite une insatisfaction générale, partagée par les députés mais aussi par les professionnels de santé. Nous avons donc besoin d’une boussole pertinente et efficace pour organiser cette installation médicale et l’orienter vers les lieux qui en ont le plus besoin en identifiant des zones mieux dotées et parfois sur-dotées et des zones sous-dotées.C’est pourquoi nous proposons par cet amendement un « indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins » – chaque mot compte. Cet indicateur mesurera dans chaque bassin de vie le temps médical disponible. En effet, il ne suffit pas de rapporter le nombre de médecins au nombre d’habitants ; il faut mesurer le temps médical accessible pour la population, en prenant en compte les pathologies, les conditions de santé de la population, ses caractéristiques socio-économiques, etc. Bref, nous devons réussir là où l’indicateur d’accessibilité potentielle localisée (APL) a échoué, car il ne tient pas compte de nombre de phénomènes sociaux et d’inégalités qui structurent les territoires. Nous proposons donc cette boussole, qui nous fournira une base pour mener d’autres politiques sur de nombreux autres sujets, car nous saurons finement, commune par commune, quels sont les besoins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "56 rectifié",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 516,
   "amendments": [
    "56 rectifié"
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695547",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 290,
   "annotation_id": "N49d544ffdd04",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…qui reconnaît que l’égal accès aux soins est une mission de la nation et donc, par réciproque, que la citoyenneté est fondée sur le fait d’être soigné. Dès lors que nous sommes majoritairement convaincus que la main invisible de l’installation ne suffit pas pour garantir la santé publique, mais qu’au contraire, il convient d’adopter une politique de régulation, se pose la question de son organisation concrète. Le zonage existant, c’est-à-dire la manière dont nous mesurons l’offre de soins et dont nous comparons les territoires, suscite une insatisfaction générale, partagée par les députés mais aussi par les professionnels de santé. Nous avons donc besoin d’une boussole pertinente et efficace pour organiser cette installation médicale et l’orienter vers les lieux qui en ont le plus besoin en identifiant des zones mieux dotées et parfois sur-dotées et des zones sous-dotées.C’est pourquoi nous proposons par cet amendement un « indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins » – chaque mot compte. Cet indicateur mesurera dans chaque bassin de vie le temps médical disponible. En effet, il ne suffit pas de rapporter le nombre de médecins au nombre d’habitants ; il faut mesurer le temps médical accessible pour la population, en prenant en compte les pathologies, les conditions de santé de la population, ses caractéristiques socio-économiques, etc. Bref, nous devons réussir là où l’indicateur d’accessibilité potentielle localisée (APL) a échoué, car il ne tient pas compte de nombre de phénomènes sociaux et d’inégalités qui structurent les territoires. Nous proposons donc cette boussole, qui nous fournira une base pour mener d’autres politiques sur de nombreux autres sujets, car nous saurons finement, commune par commune, quels sont les besoins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
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   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695551",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695551"
   ],
   "order": 520,
   "text": "Je le défendrai rapidement. La densité médicale, nous l’avons bien compris, n’est pas égale dans tous les territoires et les difficultés ne présentent pas partout la même acuité. Voilà pourquoi nous proposons un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins qui prenne mieux en considération les disparités. Il prend en compte le nombre de médecins pour un équivalent de 100 000 habitants, l’éloignement des habitants par rapport au premier CHU – des habitants de ma circonscription sont situés à deux heures de route du premier CHU –, la pyramide des âges des professionnels de santé, le taux de remplissage des terrains de stage pour les internes – dans ma circonscription, à peine 38 % des terrains de stage pour les internes sont pourvus tandis qu’à Lyon, 100 % le sont. Nous proposons donc des critères concrets afin de mesurer précisément la densité de l’offre de soins et donc les chances de survie, qui sont bien différentes selon que vous vivez à Aubenas ou dans le troisième arrondissement de Lyon.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "56 rectifié",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 520,
   "amendments": [
    "56 rectifié"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695551",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 168,
   "annotation_id": "N2ae44b65e2a3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je le défendrai rapidement. La densité médicale, nous l’avons bien compris, n’est pas égale dans tous les territoires et les difficultés ne présentent pas partout la même acuité. Voilà pourquoi nous proposons un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins qui prenne mieux en considération les disparités. Il prend en compte le nombre de médecins pour un équivalent de 100 000 habitants, l’éloignement des habitants par rapport au premier CHU – des habitants de ma circonscription sont situés à deux heures de route du premier CHU –, la pyramide des âges des professionnels de santé, le taux de remplissage des terrains de stage pour les internes – dans ma circonscription, à peine 38 % des terrains de stage pour les internes sont pourvus tandis qu’à Lyon, 100 % le sont. Nous proposons donc des critères concrets afin de mesurer précisément la densité de l’offre de soins et donc les chances de survie, qui sont bien différentes selon que vous vivez à Aubenas ou dans le troisième arrondissement de Lyon."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720146",
   "speaker": "Denis Masséglia",
   "quality": "M. Denis Masséglia",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695553",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695553"
   ],
   "order": 522,
   "text": "La représentation nationale a instauré à l’article 1er une aide pour l’installation des médecins. Le zonage qui existe actuellement est, à mon avis, l’exemple même de ce que notre administration peut faire de pire. Le zonage est construit par les ARS suivant un indicateur APL qui définit des ZIP (zones d’intervention prioritaire) et des ZAC (zones d’action complémentaire). Je ne suis même pas sûr que Cédric Villani, lauréat de la médaille Fields, puisse comprendre mathématiquement la manière dont cet indicateur est construit.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "84 rectifié",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 522,
   "amendments": [
    "84 rectifié"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695553",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "N10a0c736db73",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La représentation nationale a instauré à l’article 1er une aide pour l’installation des médecins. Le zonage qui existe actuellement est, à mon avis, l’exemple même de ce que notre administration peut faire de pire. Le zonage est construit par les ARS suivant un indicateur APL qui définit des ZIP (zones d’intervention prioritaire) et des ZAC (zones d’action complémentaire). Je ne suis même pas sûr que [PERSONNE], lauréat de la médaille Fields, puisse comprendre mathématiquement la manière dont cet indicateur est construit."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720146",
   "speaker": "Denis Masséglia",
   "quality": "M. Denis Masséglia",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695555",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695555"
   ],
   "order": 524,
   "text": "Si nous voulons à un moment donné instaurer une régulation, il me semble important qu’il y ait des critères construits, acceptés par les élus et les médecins des territoires, et que nous remplacions cet indicateur imbuvable et incompréhensible par un indicateur construit avec l’ensemble des acteurs de soins sur les territoires ainsi que les élus.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "84 rectifié",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 524,
   "amendments": [
    "84 rectifié"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695555",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N11fb8ac6e545",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Si nous voulons à un moment donné instaurer une régulation, il me semble important qu’il y ait des critères construits, acceptés par les élus et les médecins des territoires, et que nous remplacions cet indicateur imbuvable et incompréhensible par un indicateur construit avec l’ensemble des acteurs de soins sur les territoires ainsi que les élus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695557",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695557"
   ],
   "order": 526,
   "text": "Je suis plutôt favorable à valider l’indicateur que vous proposez et je ne fais pas de l’adoption du sous-amendement no 133 rectifié une condition pour donner un avis favorable aux amendements identiques. Le sous-amendement vise à permettre une meilleure application de l’indicateur, pour qu’il ne soit ni contesté ni contestable, en l’affinant.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "84 rectifié",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 526,
   "amendments": [
    "84 rectifié"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695557",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N7a5ab54ee67a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis plutôt favorable à valider l’indicateur que vous proposez et je ne fais pas de l’adoption du sous-amendement no 133 rectifié une condition pour donner un avis favorable aux amendements identiques. Le sous-amendement vise à permettre une meilleure application de l’indicateur, pour qu’il ne soit ni contesté ni contestable, en l’affinant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695560",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695560"
   ],
   "order": 529,
   "text": "L’avis de la commission sur l’amendement no 56 rectifié défendu par Hadrien Clouet au nom du groupe transpartisan et sur les amendements identiques est évidemment favorable.L’avis de la commission sur le sous-amendement no 133 rectifié du gouvernement est défavorable car vous restreignez beaucoup trop le champ de cet indicateur, ce qui entraînerait une perte de précision dans l’appréciation des réalités territoriales.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 529,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695560",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N0b8d86c44b89",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis de la commission sur l’amendement no 56 rectifié défendu par [PERSONNE] au nom du groupe transpartisan et sur les amendements identiques est évidemment favorable.L’avis de la commission sur le sous-amendement no 133 rectifié du gouvernement est défavorable car vous restreignez beaucoup trop le champ de cet indicateur, ce qui entraînerait une perte de précision dans l’appréciation des réalités territoriales."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695566",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695566"
   ],
   "order": 535,
   "text": "Il faut prévoir l’articulation entre l’article 1er, qui a été rétabli, et cet article additionnel. L’article 1er a-t-il vocation à être modifié pour se baser sur ce nouvel indicateur, ou s’appuie-t-il sur le zonage tel qu’il existait ?Ensuite, vous nous avez dit qu’il était difficile de prendre en compte la diminution du temps d’activité, cependant vous avez déclaré que l’indicateur mesurera le temps disponible par patient. Comment ferez-vous donc ?Enfin, vous avez soutenu que les conseils de l’Ordre des médecins n’ont pas les données – les ARS non plus, d’ailleurs –, mais que les CPAM disposent d’une grande partie d’entre elles, avec les professionnels. Vous dites que vous articulez l’élaboration de l’indicateur avec les CPTS, mais comment cela se passe-t-il dans les territoires où il n’y a pas encore de CPTS ? Je vous pose donc un certain nombre de questions sur l’indicateur que vous proposez, cependant je souhaite qu’on améliore les indicateurs, et je suis favorable à l’instauration d’un indicateur qui prenne en compte les réalités du terrain.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 535,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695566",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 169,
   "annotation_id": "N3d2f13e2897f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut prévoir l’articulation entre l’article 1er, qui a été rétabli, et cet article additionnel. L’article 1er a-t-il vocation à être modifié pour se baser sur ce nouvel indicateur, ou s’appuie-t-il sur le zonage tel qu’il existait ?Ensuite, vous nous avez dit qu’il était difficile de prendre en compte la diminution du temps d’activité, cependant vous avez déclaré que l’indicateur mesurera le temps disponible par patient. Comment ferez-vous donc ?Enfin, vous avez soutenu que les conseils de l’Ordre des médecins n’ont pas les données – les ARS non plus, d’ailleurs –, mais que les CPAM disposent d’une grande partie d’entre elles, avec les professionnels. Vous dites que vous articulez l’élaboration de l’indicateur avec les CPTS, mais comment cela se passe-t-il dans les territoires où il n’y a pas encore de CPTS ? Je vous pose donc un certain nombre de questions sur l’indicateur que vous proposez, cependant je souhaite qu’on améliore les indicateurs, et je suis favorable à l’instauration d’un indicateur qui prenne en compte les réalités du terrain."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841563",
   "speaker": "Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695570",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695570"
   ],
   "order": 539,
   "text": "L’article 1er a été rétabli, cependant je me pose encore beaucoup de questions. Je rejoindrai, en quelque sorte, les propos de Mme Rist, en m’appuyant sur mon propre exemple. Étant donné que les études sont assez longues, beaucoup de couples de médecins arrivent au moment de l’installation avec des enfants. Ce fut mon cas, nous étions deux médecins généralistes avec des enfants. Que faisons-nous à présent de ceux qui sont dans une telle situation ? L’un s’installe, l’autre non, ou on l’envoie à l’autre bout du territoire ? Dans ces conditions, peut-être le deuxième n’exercera-t-il pas son métier et deviendra salarié. Je pose cette question, qui est importante d’autant qu’il y a beaucoup de couples de médecins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 539,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695570",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 124,
   "annotation_id": "Nf4fb4430c8f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er a été rétabli, cependant je me pose encore beaucoup de questions. Je rejoindrai, en quelque sorte, les propos de Mme Rist, en m’appuyant sur mon propre exemple. Étant donné que les études sont assez longues, beaucoup de couples de médecins arrivent au moment de l’installation avec des enfants. Ce fut mon cas, nous étions deux médecins généralistes avec des enfants. Que faisons-nous à présent de ceux qui sont dans une telle situation ? L’un s’installe, l’autre non, ou on l’envoie à l’autre bout du territoire ? Dans ces conditions, peut-être le deuxième n’exercera-t-il pas son métier et deviendra salarié. Je pose cette question, qui est importante d’autant qu’il y a beaucoup de couples de médecins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29263",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158.xml",
   "source_sha256": "2c0f0e29fa544d5a3246067fb3e67550fb04902b72eab10ee867bafbae61feac",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695573",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695573"
   ],
   "order": 542,
   "text": "Je connais le sens de la précision de M. Thibault Bazin, et je lui rappelle qu’il s’agit de choisir entre des indicateurs inexistants ou qui ne fonctionnent pas car ils sont établis par la Drees – c’est actuellement Bercy qui établit les indicateurs de la santé ; cela montre le niveau de connaissance des réalités évaluées – ou le nouvel indicateur que nous proposons. Avec M. le ministre, au cours du mois de concertation, puis au cours de la navette parlementaire, nous trouverons un accord pour intégrer les éléments pertinents dans l’indicateur. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem, LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles / Après l’article 1er / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "3695543",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 542,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N158-3695573",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "Nef156eec1f30",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je connais le sens de la précision de M. [PERSONNE], et je lui rappelle qu’il s’agit de choisir entre des indicateurs inexistants ou qui ne fonctionnent pas car ils sont établis par la Drees – c’est actuellement Bercy qui établit les indicateurs de la santé ; cela montre le niveau de connaissance des réalités évaluées – ou le nouvel indicateur que nous proposons. Avec M. le ministre, au cours du mois de concertation, puis au cours de la navette parlementaire, nous trouverons un accord pour intégrer les éléments pertinents dans l’indicateur. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720908",
   "speaker": "Naïma Moutchou",
   "quality": "ministre des outre-mer",
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   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4112770",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 647,
   "text": "Le scandale de la chlordécone a ceci de très particulier qu’il ne s’est jamais totalement résorbé. C’est d’ailleurs bien plus qu’une question sanitaire ou environnementale : en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, il occupe une place particulière dans la mémoire collective. Outre qu’il touche à la santé, à la terre, à l’alimentation, au milieu dans lequel plusieurs générations ont grandi et continuent de vivre, il a profondément marqué et probablement fragilisé, voire abîmé, la relation entre l’État et une partie de nos compatriotes.Plus de trente ans après l’arrêt de l’utilisation de la chlordécone, ses conséquences sont toujours présentes. C’est toute la singularité de cette pollution : le temps a passé, mais les questions sont restées. Comment une telle situation a-t-elle pu durer si longtemps ? Pourquoi a-t-il fallu tant d’années pour que la parole publique mesure pleinement ce que ce scandale représentait pour les populations concernées ? Ces interrogations que nous connaissons – elles ont souvent été relayées ici même – nourrissent parfois la colère, souvent l’incompréhension. Il faut regarder cette réalité humaine en face et faire la vérité politique sur ce scandale.Les faits sont aujourd’hui établis. Entre 1972 et 1993, cet insecticide a été utilisé dans les bananeraies des Antilles françaises. Nous savons désormais que cette utilisation a entraîné une pollution durable des sols et de certains milieux aquatiques. Nous savons également que ces conséquences continueront de se faire sentir pendant de nombreuses années encore.La proposition de loi que vous examinez s’inscrit dans cette histoire. Elle vise à reconnaître les préjudices subis et à affirmer un engagement durable de l’État à poursuivre la réflexion sur les conditions d’une réparation adaptée aux conséquences de ce scandale. Monsieur le rapporteur, le gouvernement accueille cette initiative avec autant d’attention que de respect.Lors de son déplacement au Morne-Rouge, le 27 septembre 2018, le président de la République a reconnu solennellement la part de responsabilité de l’État, aux côtés d’autres acteurs, dans cette pollution. Cette parole était importante. Elle demeure pleinement valable aujourd’hui. Je souhaite le réaffirmer devant vous : oui, l’État a sa part de responsabilité dans le scandale de la chlordécone. Cette reconnaissance ne relève pas seulement d’une question juridique ou institutionnelle, mais répond à une attente profonde, exprimée depuis de nombreuses années par les populations concernées.Reconnaître cette réalité ne revient pas à désigner un responsable unique ou à simplifier une histoire complexe. Elle consiste à regarder les faits avec lucidité, à reconnaître que des décisions ont été prises, que des alertes existaient et que les protections qui auraient dû prévaloir n’ont pas permis d’éviter les conséquences que nous constatons aujourd’hui.Pendant longtemps, beaucoup de Guadeloupéens et de Martiniquais ont eu le sentiment que la pollution était reconnue, mais que ce qu’ils vivaient ne l’était pas toujours pleinement. Cette réalité doit être entendue pour renouer un lien de confiance avec nos compatriotes. La vérité ne répare pas tout, mais aucune réparation durable ne peut se construire sans elle.Nécessaire pour les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens, cette reconnaissance l’est également pour la République elle-même tant pour assumer nos responsabilités que pour préparer l’avenir, car les populations attendent que l’on agisse, que l’on apporte des solutions concrètes aux conséquences sanitaires, environnementales, économiques et sociales de cette pollution.Depuis plusieurs années, l’État est pleinement mobilisé. Pour faire face à une pollution dont les effets s’inscrivent dans le temps long, nous sommes convaincus qu’il n’existe pas de réponse unique. Il faut agir sur tous les fronts à la fois : mieux connaître, mieux protéger, mieux accompagner et mieux réparer lorsque cela est possible.La stratégie interministérielle mise en œuvre depuis 2021 constitue à cet égard une étape importante : année après année, les moyens engagés ont été renforcés pour permettre le déploiement d’actions directes utiles dans les territoires. Celles-ci concernent d’abord la protection des populations. Les dispositifs d’analyse de l’exposition à la chlordécone ont été développés afin de permettre à chacun de mieux connaître sa situation et de bénéficier, lorsque cela est nécessaire, d’un accompagnement adapté. Près de 80 000 dosages de chlordéconémie ont ainsi été réalisés. Les analyses de sol ont également été multipliées, afin d’aider les particuliers, les agriculteurs et les collectivités à adapter leurs pratiques.La qualité sanitaire des denrées alimentaires fait l’objet d’une surveillance constante : l’État réalise chaque année près de 5 000 contrôles aux stades de la production, de la commercialisation et de l’importation. L’eau distribuée à la population fait, elle aussi, l’objet de contrôle rigoureux pour garantir sa conformité aux exigences sanitaires. En Martinique, le taux de conformité de l’eau potable distribuée a atteint 100 % en 2025. Ces résultats ne font pas disparaître les inquiétudes, mais ils témoignent d’une mobilisation concrète pour réduire plus efficacement l’exposition de nos compatriotes.L’action de l’État concerne également celles et ceux dont l’activité professionnelle est directement affectée par les conséquences de la pollution à la chlordécone. Je pense aux agriculteurs, aux éleveurs et aux pêcheurs : ils jouent un rôle essentiel dans la vie économique et sociale des territoires et font face des contraintes particulières, qui justifient un accompagnement adapté. Depuis 2024, plus de 500 exploitants agricoles ont fréquenté le centre d’examens de santé de Guadeloupe. S’agissant des professionnels de la pêche, plus 695 macarons « marin-pêcheur » leur ont été distribués en 2025. Une enveloppe financière de 1,5 million d’euros permet également de prendre en charge les contributions sociales concernées. Ces dispositifs ne règlent pas tout, mais ils répondent à l’absolue nécessité de ne pas laisser seuls celles et ceux qui subissent encore aujourd’hui les conséquences économiques de la pollution. L’État continuera d’être à leurs côtés.Notre mobilisation repose sur un autre impératif, celui de la connaissance. Car, face à une pollution dont les effets s’inscrivent dans la durée, nous avons le devoir de continuer à chercher, à comprendre et à mesurer. C’est pourquoi l’État poursuit un effort de recherche sans précédent sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la chlordécone. Les connaissances scientifiques ont considérablement progressé : les données disponibles permettent notamment d’établir un lien entre l’exposition à cette molécule et un risque accru de développer certaines pathologies, en particulier le cancer de la prostate. Elles mettent également en évidence certains effets sur le développement de l’enfant exposé avant la naissance.Ces connaissances nous guident afin que l’action publique soit toujours efficace. Conduite dans un cadre scientifique indépendant, la recherche mobilise des équipes reconnues et contribue à faire progresser nos connaissances sur toutes les conséquences de cette pollution. Les travaux sont coordonnés par le comité de pilotage scientifique national (CPSN) et par la coordination locale de la recherche sur la chlordécone aux Antilles (Cloreca). Ces instances réunissent régulièrement des chercheurs, des experts et des acteurs de terrain pour diffuser les avancées scientifiques et fixer les orientations de recherche prioritaires. Et, évidemment, l’effort se poursuit. À cet égard, un nouveau colloque scientifique se tiendra en Martinique du 23 au 25 juin prochains, qui réunira des chercheurs, des experts et des acteurs de terrain autour des enjeux liés à la chlordécone et des réponses qu’ils appellent. La connaissance scientifique n’est pas un exercice abstrait, j’y insiste, mais une condition de l’action, l’un des leviers essentiels pour mieux protéger les populations.Toutefois, chacun le sait, la prévention, la protection et la recherche ne suffisent pas à elles seules à répondre à toutes les attentes. Une autre question demeure : celle de la réparation. Elle est au cœur des échanges que nous avons avec les élus, les associations, les professionnels, les habitants des territoires concernés. Elle est au cœur des attentes exprimées depuis de nombreuses années par celles et ceux qui estiment avoir subi les conséquences de cette pollution.Cette attente est légitime. On parle ici de parcours de vie, de femmes et d’hommes qui vivent avec la maladie, de familles qui s’interrogent et s’inquiètent pour leurs enfants. C’est une question de justice.Des dispositifs existent : le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides (FIVP) permet aujourd’hui la prise en charge de certaines pathologies liées à une exposition professionnelle aux pesticides, dont le chlordécone. À ce jour, près de 246 accords ont été conclus et ont donné lieu à 186 indemnisations. Ce fonds constitue une avancée importante, puisqu’il a permis une reconnaissance qui n’existait pas auparavant, mais chacun en mesure aussi les limites : les attentes exprimées dans les territoires dépassent le seul cadre des expositions professionnelles, elles concernent également des personnes qui estiment avoir subi des conséquences sanitaires ou d’autres préjudices liés à cette pollution et ne peuvent bénéficier des dispositifs existants.C’est pourquoi le gouvernement poursuit son travail sur cette question. Les ministres chargés de la santé, de l’agriculture, des finances et moi-même avons conjointement lancé une mission inter-inspections pour éclairer les conditions dans lesquelles une évolution des dispositifs existants est envisageable. Cette mission mènera ses travaux en lien avec les acteurs concernés dans les territoires. Elle se rendra en Guadeloupe et en Martinique dans quelques semaines pour y rencontrer les élus, les associations, les professionnels, les experts, les personnes directement concernées par les conséquences de la pollution à la chlordécone. Son rapport, attendu dans les tout prochains mois, nous permettra de disposer d’une analyse approfondie des différentes options qui peuvent être envisagées et de leurs implications.Je veux être très claire devant vous : reconnaître la part de responsabilité de l’État est une exigence de vérité, dont celle de construire un dispositif de réparation juste, équitable, juridiquement solide est indissociable. La reconnaissance est nécessaire ; la réparation doit être examinée avec sérieux et avec le souci d’apporter des réponses justes à celles et ceux qui attendent encore d’être pleinement entendus. C’est dans cet esprit que le gouvernement poursuivra son travail aux côtés des parlementaires engagés.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, la chlordécone a laissé une trace profonde en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Cette trace ne disparaîtra pas du seul fait que vous adopterez un texte. Mais nous avons une responsabilité : regarder cette réalité telle qu’elle est. Or votre proposition de loi permet cette avancée, monsieur le rapporteur. Regarder cette réalité sans la minimiser, sans la contourner, sans jamais considérer que le temps suffirait en lui-même à réparer ce qui doit encore l’être, c’est tout le sens de cette proposition de loi importante. Parce qu’ils permettront de reconnaître, d’assumer ce qui est, de continuer d’agir pour nos compatriotes, pour toutes celles et tous ceux qui vivent avec les conséquences de ce scandale, pour les territoires qui en portent encore les marques et pour que jamais une telle situation ne puisse se reproduire, je veux vous remercier, monsieur le rapporteur, d’avoir permis ces échanges, et remercier les parlementaires qui y contribuent. C’est dans cet esprit que le gouvernement soutient pleinement la présente proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 647,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4112770",
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   "words": 1758,
   "annotation_id": "N376c14086542",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le scandale de la chlordécone a ceci de très particulier qu’il ne s’est jamais totalement résorbé. C’est d’ailleurs bien plus qu’une question sanitaire ou environnementale : en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, il occupe une place particulière dans la mémoire collective. Outre qu’il touche à la santé, à la terre, à l’alimentation, au milieu dans lequel plusieurs générations ont grandi et continuent de vivre, il a profondément marqué et probablement fragilisé, voire abîmé, la relation entre l’État et une partie de nos compatriotes.Plus de trente ans après l’arrêt de l’utilisation de la chlordécone, ses conséquences sont toujours présentes. C’est toute la singularité de cette pollution : le temps a passé, mais les questions sont restées. Comment une telle situation a-t-elle pu durer si longtemps ? Pourquoi a-t-il fallu tant d’années pour que la parole publique mesure pleinement ce que ce scandale représentait pour les populations concernées ? Ces interrogations que nous connaissons – elles ont souvent été relayées ici même – nourrissent parfois la colère, souvent l’incompréhension. Il faut regarder cette réalité humaine en face et faire la vérité politique sur ce scandale.Les faits sont aujourd’hui établis. Entre 1972 et 1993, cet insecticide a été utilisé dans les bananeraies des Antilles françaises. Nous savons désormais que cette utilisation a entraîné une pollution durable des sols et de certains milieux aquatiques. Nous savons également que ces conséquences continueront de se faire sentir pendant de nombreuses années encore.La proposition de loi que vous examinez s’inscrit dans cette histoire. Elle vise à reconnaître les préjudices subis et à affirmer un engagement durable de l’État à poursuivre la réflexion sur les conditions d’une réparation adaptée aux conséquences de ce scandale. Monsieur le rapporteur, le gouvernement accueille cette initiative avec autant d’attention que de respect.Lors de son déplacement au Morne-Rouge, le 27 septembre 2018, le président de la République a reconnu solennellement la part de responsabilité de l’État, aux côtés d’autres acteurs, dans cette pollution. Cette parole était importante. Elle demeure pleinement valable aujourd’hui. Je souhaite le réaffirmer devant vous : oui, l’État a sa part de responsabilité dans le scandale de la chlordécone. Cette reconnaissance ne relève pas seulement d’une question juridique ou institutionnelle, mais répond à une attente profonde, exprimée depuis de nombreuses années par les populations concernées.Reconnaître cette réalité ne revient pas à désigner un responsable unique ou à simplifier une histoire complexe. Elle consiste à regarder les faits avec lucidité, à reconnaître que des décisions ont été prises, que des alertes existaient et que les protections qui auraient dû prévaloir n’ont pas permis d’éviter les conséquences que nous constatons aujourd’hui.Pendant longtemps, beaucoup de Guadeloupéens et de Martiniquais ont eu le sentiment que la pollution était reconnue, mais que ce qu’ils vivaient ne l’était pas toujours pleinement. Cette réalité doit être entendue pour renouer un lien de confiance avec nos compatriotes. La vérité ne répare pas tout, mais aucune réparation durable ne peut se construire sans elle.Nécessaire pour les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens, cette reconnaissance l’est également pour la République elle-même tant pour assumer nos responsabilités que pour préparer l’avenir, car les populations attendent que l’on agisse, que l’on apporte des solutions concrètes aux conséquences sanitaires, environnementales, économiques et sociales de cette pollution.Depuis plusieurs années, l’État est pleinement mobilisé. Pour faire face à une pollution dont les effets s’inscrivent dans le temps long, nous sommes convaincus qu’il n’existe pas de réponse unique. Il faut agir sur tous les fronts à la fois : mieux connaître, mieux protéger, mieux accompagner et mieux réparer lorsque cela est possible.La stratégie interministérielle mise en œuvre depuis 2021 constitue à cet égard une étape importante : année après année, les moyens engagés ont été renforcés pour permettre le déploiement d’actions directes utiles dans les territoires. Celles-ci concernent d’abord la protection des populations. Les dispositifs d’analyse de l’exposition à la chlordécone ont été développés afin de permettre à chacun de mieux connaître sa situation et de bénéficier, lorsque cela est nécessaire, d’un accompagnement adapté. Près de 80 000 dosages de chlordéconémie ont ainsi été réalisés. Les analyses de sol ont également été multipliées, afin d’aider les particuliers, les agriculteurs et les collectivités à adapter leurs pratiques.La qualité sanitaire des denrées alimentaires fait l’objet d’une surveillance constante : l’État réalise chaque année près de 5 000 contrôles aux stades de la production, de la commercialisation et de l’importation. L’eau distribuée à la population fait, elle aussi, l’objet de contrôle rigoureux pour garantir sa conformité aux exigences sanitaires. En Martinique, le taux de conformité de l’eau potable distribuée a atteint 100 % en 2025. Ces résultats ne font pas disparaître les inquiétudes, mais ils témoignent d’une mobilisation concrète pour réduire plus efficacement l’exposition de nos compatriotes.L’action de l’État concerne également celles et ceux dont l’activité professionnelle est directement affectée par les conséquences de la pollution à la chlordécone. Je pense aux agriculteurs, aux éleveurs et aux pêcheurs : ils jouent un rôle essentiel dans la vie économique et sociale des territoires et font face des contraintes particulières, qui justifient un accompagnement adapté. Depuis 2024, plus de 500 exploitants agricoles ont fréquenté le centre d’examens de santé de Guadeloupe. S’agissant des professionnels de la pêche, plus 695 macarons « marin-pêcheur » leur ont été distribués en 2025. Une enveloppe financière de 1,5 million d’euros permet également de prendre en charge les contributions sociales concernées. Ces dispositifs ne règlent pas tout, mais ils répondent à l’absolue nécessité de ne pas laisser seuls celles et ceux qui subissent encore aujourd’hui les conséquences économiques de la pollution. L’État continuera d’être à leurs côtés.Notre mobilisation repose sur un autre impératif, celui de la connaissance. Car, face à une pollution dont les effets s’inscrivent dans la durée, nous avons le devoir de continuer à chercher, à comprendre et à mesurer. C’est pourquoi l’État poursuit un effort de recherche sans précédent sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la chlordécone. Les connaissances scientifiques ont considérablement progressé : les données disponibles permettent notamment d’établir un lien entre l’exposition à cette molécule et un risque accru de développer certaines pathologies, en particulier le cancer de la prostate. Elles mettent également en évidence certains effets sur le développement de l’enfant exposé avant la naissance.Ces connaissances nous guident afin que l’action publique soit toujours efficace. Conduite dans un cadre scientifique indépendant, la recherche mobilise des équipes reconnues et contribue à faire progresser nos connaissances sur toutes les conséquences de cette pollution. Les travaux sont coordonnés par le comité de pilotage scientifique national (CPSN) et par la coordination locale de la recherche sur la chlordécone aux Antilles (Cloreca). Ces instances réunissent régulièrement des chercheurs, des experts et des acteurs de terrain pour diffuser les avancées scientifiques et fixer les orientations de recherche prioritaires. Et, évidemment, l’effort se poursuit. À cet égard, un nouveau colloque scientifique se tiendra en Martinique du 23 au 25 juin prochains, qui réunira des chercheurs, des experts et des acteurs de terrain autour des enjeux liés à la chlordécone et des réponses qu’ils appellent. La connaissance scientifique n’est pas un exercice abstrait, j’y insiste, mais une condition de l’action, l’un des leviers essentiels pour mieux protéger les populations.Toutefois, chacun le sait, la prévention, la protection et la recherche ne suffisent pas à elles seules à répondre à toutes les attentes. Une autre question demeure : celle de la réparation. Elle est au cœur des échanges que nous avons avec les élus, les associations, les professionnels, les habitants des territoires concernés. Elle est au cœur des attentes exprimées depuis de nombreuses années par celles et ceux qui estiment avoir subi les conséquences de cette pollution.Cette attente est légitime. On parle ici de parcours de vie, de femmes et d’hommes qui vivent avec la maladie, de familles qui s’interrogent et s’inquiètent pour leurs enfants. C’est une question de justice.Des dispositifs existent : le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides (FIVP) permet aujourd’hui la prise en charge de certaines pathologies liées à une exposition professionnelle aux pesticides, dont le chlordécone. À ce jour, près de 246 accords ont été conclus et ont donné lieu à 186 indemnisations. Ce fonds constitue une avancée importante, puisqu’il a permis une reconnaissance qui n’existait pas auparavant, mais chacun en mesure aussi les limites : les attentes exprimées dans les territoires dépassent le seul cadre des expositions professionnelles, elles concernent également des personnes qui estiment avoir subi des conséquences sanitaires ou d’autres préjudices liés à cette pollution et ne peuvent bénéficier des dispositifs existants.C’est pourquoi le gouvernement poursuit son travail sur cette question. Les ministres chargés de la santé, de l’agriculture, des finances et moi-même avons conjointement lancé une mission inter-inspections pour éclairer les conditions dans lesquelles une évolution des dispositifs existants est envisageable. Cette mission mènera ses travaux en lien avec les acteurs concernés dans les territoires. Elle se rendra en Guadeloupe et en Martinique dans quelques semaines pour y rencontrer les élus, les associations, les professionnels, les experts, les personnes directement concernées par les conséquences de la pollution à la chlordécone. Son rapport, attendu dans les tout prochains mois, nous permettra de disposer d’une analyse approfondie des différentes options qui peuvent être envisagées et de leurs implications.Je veux être très claire devant vous : reconnaître la part de responsabilité de l’État est une exigence de vérité, dont celle de construire un dispositif de réparation juste, équitable, juridiquement solide est indissociable. La reconnaissance est nécessaire ; la réparation doit être examinée avec sérieux et avec le souci d’apporter des réponses justes à celles et ceux qui attendent encore d’être pleinement entendus. C’est dans cet esprit que le gouvernement poursuivra son travail aux côtés des parlementaires engagés.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, la chlordécone a laissé une trace profonde en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Cette trace ne disparaîtra pas du seul fait que vous adopterez un texte. Mais nous avons une responsabilité : regarder cette réalité telle qu’elle est. Or votre proposition de loi permet cette avancée, monsieur le rapporteur. Regarder cette réalité sans la minimiser, sans la contourner, sans jamais considérer que le temps suffirait en lui-même à réparer ce qui doit encore l’être, c’est tout le sens de cette proposition de loi importante. Parce qu’ils permettront de reconnaître, d’assumer ce qui est, de continuer d’agir pour nos compatriotes, pour toutes celles et tous ceux qui vivent avec les conséquences de ce scandale, pour les territoires qui en portent encore les marques et pour que jamais une telle situation ne puisse se reproduire, je veux vous remercier, monsieur le rapporteur, d’avoir permis ces échanges, et remercier les parlementaires qui y contribuent. C’est dans cet esprit que le gouvernement soutient pleinement la présente proposition de loi."
  },
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   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
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   ],
   "order": 668,
   "text": "C’est avec la force d’un mandat d’espoir de justice, confié par les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, que je me tiens devant vous.Nous revoilà au cœur de cet hémicycle pour aborder une question qui n’est ni partisane, ni purement locale. Il s’agit d’une question de responsabilité nationale. La proposition de loi visant à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et à indemniser les victimes du chlordécone est un rendez-vous de la République avec une partie d’elle-même : celle qui fait d’elle la seconde zone économique exclusive (ZEE) mondiale.Le chlordécone est un scandale sanitaire et environnemental sans précédent. Les juges déclaraient en 2022, après quinze années d’instruction, qu’il s’agissait d’un scandale sanitaire hors normes et ont qualifié le chlordécone de pesticide hautement toxique, de monstre chimique. Des terres polluées, des populations empoisonnées !Une question demeure suspendue, que des générations de Guadeloupéens et de Martiniquais se transmettront avec incompréhension, avec résignation et, souvent, avec colère : comment l’État a-t-il pu autoriser, puis prolonger l’usage d’un pesticide dont les risques et la dangerosité étaient déjà dénoncés par la communauté scientifique ?Dès 1969, la commission des toxiques, les rapports de l’Inra et d’autres données toxicologiques démontraient l’impact de la pollution au chlordécone sur la santé. Le monde savait, la France savait. L’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) avait lancé l’alerte en classant le chlordécone comme substance potentiellement cancérogène. Les États-Unis, la Suède, la RDA – oui, la RDA ! –, la RFA ou encore l’Espagne ont décidé d’interdire l’usage ou la production du chlordécone, faisant prévaloir le principe de précaution. La France, elle, a regardé ailleurs et a choisi de sacrifier les Antilles, comme le montrent les rapports de l’ONU qui évoquent nos îles comme des territoires « sacrifiés ».Pire encore : en 1972, l’État a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone par une procédure dérogatoire, tout en connaissant la toxicité et la rémanence de la molécule. Il faudra attendre 1990 pour que la France en prononce l’interdiction sur le sol national, tandis que des dérogations ministérielles funestes permettront encore l’utilisation du chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier jusqu’en 1993. Permettez-moi d’ajouter qu’en vertu de la loi du 22 décembre 1972, l’État était chargé de vérifier, en amont, l’innocuité des produits antiparasitaires qu’il autorisait sur le marché. Il ne l’a pas fait. Il y a eu faillite de l’État dans sa mission de protection des populations. En 2022, la justice a reconnu que la France avait commis des négligences fautives.Une chose est désormais certaine : nos populations en subissent aujourd’hui les conséquences. Le chlordécone est un perturbateur endocrinien actif entraînant des modifications épigénétiques. L’empoisonnement est continu et transgénérationnel. Il s’invite tous les jours dans notre assiette, dans les légumes, le poisson, les produits d’élevage et même dans l’eau. Il est présent dans notre sang.C’est là le drame. Les études de l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) sont formelles : 92 % des Martiniquais et 95 % des Guadeloupéens sont contaminés par la molécule. Derrière ces statistiques se cachent des vies humaines. Des pathologies insidieusement mortifères, des souffrances profondément enkystées, un avenir collectif obscurci. Les études scientifiques ont mis en évidence les liens entre l’exposition au chlordécone et plusieurs pathologies graves : cancers, notamment de la prostate ; effets néfastes sur le système nerveux et sur certains organes tels que le foie, les reins et le cœur ; syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (SOPK), augmentation de l’obésité infantile, prévalence de l’endométriose.Nos îles détiennent le triste record mondial du taux de cancer de la prostate. Et alors qu’elles s’engouffrent dans la précarité et subissent un fort déclin démographique, les recherches montrent que le chlordécone, molécule reprotoxique, a aussi un impact sur la fertilité et favorise les complications liées à la grossesse. Si on évoque le réarmement démographique au niveau national, en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, nous avons l’amertume de voir une substance affecter l’avenir démographique de nos territoires.Ce scandale est sanitaire, mais il est aussi économique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et GDR.) Le chlordécone est une molécule d’une forte rémanence. Elle ne se dégrade pas. Nos sols, nos cours d’eau et nos littoraux sont pollués pour plusieurs décennies, voire des siècles. L’impact du chlordécone obère notre potentiel de développement agroéconomique, car un tiers de la surface agricole utile est pollué. Devant les surcoûts rédhibitoires, les agriculteurs et les pêcheurs assistent impuissants à la mort de leurs exploitations.Mes chers collègues, lorsqu’un peuple souffre, que les responsabilités tardent à être assumées et que la réparation demeure incomplète, la douleur se mue en défiance. Et cette défiance est amplifiée par le non-lieu prononcé par la justice pénale en début d’année 2023 pour cause de prescription. Désormais, c’est à la représentation nationale de réparer le présent et de sécuriser l’avenir. Notre mission, notre devoir, est d’aider ces territoires à se départir de ce fatalisme et de cette colère. Nous ferons œuvre de justice législative en votant ce texte. (Mêmes mouvements.)Cela fait plus de deux ans et demi que je m’attache à mener ce combat avec mon groupe, prenant le relais des députés Serge Letchimy, Hélène Vainqueur-Christophe et bien d’autres. (Mêmes mouvements.) Mais ce combat s’inscrit dans une histoire collective encore plus longue, façonnée par des élus, des scientifiques, des associations, des collectifs de victimes et des citoyens qui refusent l’oubli. Avec la reconnaissance solennelle de cette responsabilité, nous instaurons le droit et la justice, préalables indispensables à toute résilience. (Mêmes mouvements.)Le texte sur lequel nous sommes appelés à nous prononcer aujourd’hui nous fait percevoir l’esquisse d’une avancée et le chemin législatif à construire pour aller plus loin, car il faut aller plus loin sur le chemin des réparations. Ce texte n’est sans doute pas parfait. Nous aurions pu avancer sur certains aspects, notamment en créant un fonds d’indemnisation spécifique,…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4112791",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 962,
   "annotation_id": "Nf7c7c7aa0d81",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJLMPQRS",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est avec la force d’un mandat d’espoir de justice, confié par les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, que je me tiens devant vous.Nous revoilà au cœur de cet hémicycle pour aborder une question qui n’est ni partisane, ni purement locale. Il s’agit d’une question de responsabilité nationale. La proposition de loi visant à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et à indemniser les victimes du chlordécone est un rendez-vous de la République avec une partie d’elle-même : celle qui fait d’elle la seconde zone économique exclusive (ZEE) mondiale.Le chlordécone est un scandale sanitaire et environnemental sans précédent. Les juges déclaraient en 2022, après quinze années d’instruction, qu’il s’agissait d’un scandale sanitaire hors normes et ont qualifié le chlordécone de pesticide hautement toxique, de monstre chimique. Des terres polluées, des populations empoisonnées !Une question demeure suspendue, que des générations de Guadeloupéens et de Martiniquais se transmettront avec incompréhension, avec résignation et, souvent, avec colère : comment l’État a-t-il pu autoriser, puis prolonger l’usage d’un pesticide dont les risques et la dangerosité étaient déjà dénoncés par la communauté scientifique ?Dès 1969, la commission des toxiques, les rapports de l’Inra et d’autres données toxicologiques démontraient l’impact de la pollution au chlordécone sur la santé. Le monde savait, la France savait. L’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) avait lancé l’alerte en classant le chlordécone comme substance potentiellement cancérogène. Les États-Unis, la Suède, la RDA – oui, la RDA ! –, la RFA ou encore l’Espagne ont décidé d’interdire l’usage ou la production du chlordécone, faisant prévaloir le principe de précaution. La France, elle, a regardé ailleurs et a choisi de sacrifier les Antilles, comme le montrent les rapports de l’ONU qui évoquent nos îles comme des territoires « sacrifiés ».Pire encore : en 1972, l’État a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone par une procédure dérogatoire, tout en connaissant la toxicité et la rémanence de la molécule. Il faudra attendre 1990 pour que la France en prononce l’interdiction sur le sol national, tandis que des dérogations ministérielles funestes permettront encore l’utilisation du chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier jusqu’en 1993. Permettez-moi d’ajouter qu’en vertu de la loi du 22 décembre 1972, l’État était chargé de vérifier, en amont, l’innocuité des produits antiparasitaires qu’il autorisait sur le marché. Il ne l’a pas fait. Il y a eu faillite de l’État dans sa mission de protection des populations. En 2022, la justice a reconnu que la France avait commis des négligences fautives.Une chose est désormais certaine : nos populations en subissent aujourd’hui les conséquences. Le chlordécone est un perturbateur endocrinien actif entraînant des modifications épigénétiques. L’empoisonnement est continu et transgénérationnel. Il s’invite tous les jours dans notre assiette, dans les légumes, le poisson, les produits d’élevage et même dans l’eau. Il est présent dans notre sang.C’est là le drame. Les études de l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) sont formelles : 92 % des Martiniquais et 95 % des Guadeloupéens sont contaminés par la molécule. Derrière ces statistiques se cachent des vies humaines. Des pathologies insidieusement mortifères, des souffrances profondément enkystées, un avenir collectif obscurci. Les études scientifiques ont mis en évidence les liens entre l’exposition au chlordécone et plusieurs pathologies graves : cancers, notamment de la prostate ; effets néfastes sur le système nerveux et sur certains organes tels que le foie, les reins et le cœur ; syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (SOPK), augmentation de l’obésité infantile, prévalence de l’endométriose.Nos îles détiennent le triste record mondial du taux de cancer de la prostate. Et alors qu’elles s’engouffrent dans la précarité et subissent un fort déclin démographique, les recherches montrent que le chlordécone, molécule reprotoxique, a aussi un impact sur la fertilité et favorise les complications liées à la grossesse. Si on évoque le réarmement démographique au niveau national, en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, nous avons l’amertume de voir une substance affecter l’avenir démographique de nos territoires.Ce scandale est sanitaire, mais il est aussi économique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Le chlordécone est une molécule d’une forte rémanence. Elle ne se dégrade pas. Nos sols, nos cours d’eau et nos littoraux sont pollués pour plusieurs décennies, voire des siècles. L’impact du chlordécone obère notre potentiel de développement agroéconomique, car un tiers de la surface agricole utile est pollué. Devant les surcoûts rédhibitoires, les agriculteurs et les pêcheurs assistent impuissants à la mort de leurs exploitations.Mes chers collègues, lorsqu’un peuple souffre, que les responsabilités tardent à être assumées et que la réparation demeure incomplète, la douleur se mue en défiance. Et cette défiance est amplifiée par le non-lieu prononcé par la justice pénale en début d’année 2023 pour cause de prescription. Désormais, c’est à la représentation nationale de réparer le présent et de sécuriser l’avenir. Notre mission, notre devoir, est d’aider ces territoires à se départir de ce fatalisme et de cette colère. Nous ferons œuvre de justice législative en votant ce texte. (Mêmes mouvements.)Cela fait plus de deux ans et demi que je m’attache à mener ce combat avec mon groupe, prenant le relais des députés [PERSONNE], [PERSONNE] et bien d’autres. (Mêmes mouvements.) Mais ce combat s’inscrit dans une histoire collective encore plus longue, façonnée par des élus, des scientifiques, des associations, des collectifs de victimes et des citoyens qui refusent l’oubli. Avec la reconnaissance solennelle de cette responsabilité, nous instaurons le droit et la justice, préalables indispensables à toute résilience. (Mêmes mouvements.)Le texte sur lequel nous sommes appelés à nous prononcer aujourd’hui nous fait percevoir l’esquisse d’une avancée et le chemin législatif à construire pour aller plus loin, car il faut aller plus loin sur le chemin des réparations. Ce texte n’est sans doute pas parfait. Nous aurions pu avancer sur certains aspects, notamment en créant un fonds d’indemnisation spécifique,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113024",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 682,
   "text": "…mais nous attachons un prix à ce que ce texte ne devienne pas la victime collatérale des turbulences politiques précédant l’élection présidentielle et soit voté aujourd’hui.Les plans Chlordécone mis en œuvre demeurent insuffisants et aléatoires. Les victimes attendent des engagements durables inscrits dans la loi, et elles attendent réparation. Ce texte de compromis permettra de restaurer une confiance profondément abîmée ainsi que d’apaiser le sentiment d’abandon et d’indignation. Le cœur de cette proposition de loi, c’est l’opérationnalisation de la réparation. Elle ancre la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, moraux, écologiques et économiques subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Elle affirme aussi solennellement les objectifs qui en découlent : l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes ; le financement renforcé de la dépollution et de la recherche, notamment sur la santé des femmes ; l’accompagnement des pêcheurs et des agriculteurs.Mes chers collègues, l’océan qui sépare nos territoires d’outre-mer ne doit pas être une barrière à l’égalité des droits. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – M. Steevy Gustave applaudit également.) Si un tel empoisonnement avait touché 90 % de la population de la Creuse, de la Bretagne ou de l’Île-de-France, la responsabilité de l’État aurait été reconnue depuis bien longtemps. Je vous demande de satisfaire l’attente des populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique en adoptant définitivement ce texte. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et GDR. – M. Arnaud Simion se lève pour applaudir.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 682,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113024",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 243,
   "annotation_id": "N18a776c35405",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…mais nous attachons un prix à ce que ce texte ne devienne pas la victime collatérale des turbulences politiques précédant l’élection présidentielle et soit voté aujourd’hui.Les plans Chlordécone mis en œuvre demeurent insuffisants et aléatoires. Les victimes attendent des engagements durables inscrits dans la loi, et elles attendent réparation. Ce texte de compromis permettra de restaurer une confiance profondément abîmée ainsi que d’apaiser le sentiment d’abandon et d’indignation. Le cœur de cette proposition de loi, c’est l’opérationnalisation de la réparation. Elle ancre la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, moraux, écologiques et économiques subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Elle affirme aussi solennellement les objectifs qui en découlent : l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes ; le financement renforcé de la dépollution et de la recherche, notamment sur la santé des femmes ; l’accompagnement des pêcheurs et des agriculteurs.Mes chers collègues, l’océan qui sépare nos territoires d’outre-mer ne doit pas être une barrière à l’égalité des droits. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Si un tel empoisonnement avait touché 90 % de la population de la Creuse, de la Bretagne ou de l’Île-de-France, la responsabilité de l’État aurait été reconnue depuis bien longtemps. Je vous demande de satisfaire l’attente des populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique en adoptant définitivement ce texte. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] se lève pour applaudir.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794518",
   "speaker": "Pierre Marle",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Marle (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113010",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 687,
   "text": "Nous parvenons aujourd’hui au terme du parcours parlementaire d’un texte qui touche à une contamination ayant durablement affecté les sols, les eaux et la santé des populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Selon l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), près de neuf habitants sur dix sont aujourd’hui imprégnés de chlordécone, tant en Martinique qu’en Guadeloupe. Pour une partie d’entre eux – un quart des Martiniquais et près d’un Guadeloupéen sur sept – cette exposition se traduit par un risque sanitaire avéré.Notre commission a adopté cette proposition de loi la semaine dernière, sans modification et à l’unanimité. Ce vote conforme, s’il est réitéré aujourd’hui, la rendra définitive. En première lecture, notre groupe s’était abstenu. Non par doute sur la réalité du drame, le président de la République ayant, dès 2018, reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce scandale environnemental et sanitaire, mais par réserve sur une rédaction qui imputait à l’État une responsabilité pleine et entière et demeurait dépourvue de portée normative.Il faut le dire avec gravité : ce pesticide, interdit aux États-Unis dès 1976, est resté autorisé aux Antilles jusqu’en 1993 par dérogation, pour des raisons économiques. Cette singularité a nourri, bien au-delà du seul dossier sanitaire, un profond sentiment d’injustice et une défiance tenace envers l’État.Reconnaître aujourd’hui dans la loi la part de responsabilité de la puissance publique, ce n’est pas rouvrir une plaie, c’est poser un acte de vérité sans lequel aucune réparation durable n’est possible. La navette parlementaire a répondu à ces réserves et le Sénat a précisé que l’État a sa part de responsabilité, non pour l’amoindrir, mais pour reconnaître, comme l’ont admis les juridictions, l’existence de coresponsabilités. Il a inscrit dans la loi une stratégie pluriannuelle consacrée à ce sujet, définie par arrêté interministériel, qui ancre désormais les ambitions du plan Chlordécone.L’essentiel se joue toujours sur le terrain, dans l’indemnisation par le fonds spécifique, le dépistage, la dépollution et la recherche. Cette loi n’est pas un aboutissement, elle n’épuise pas l’action ; elle lui donne un cadre et une direction. Mais cette reconnaissance, longtemps attendue par nos compatriotes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, méritait d’être inscrite dans notre droit. Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, le groupe Horizons & indépendants votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi, telle qu’adoptée conforme par notre commission.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 687,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113010",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 387,
   "annotation_id": "N3026372f6310",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJMPQRS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous parvenons aujourd’hui au terme du parcours parlementaire d’un texte qui touche à une contamination ayant durablement affecté les sols, les eaux et la santé des populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Selon l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), près de neuf habitants sur dix sont aujourd’hui imprégnés de chlordécone, tant en Martinique qu’en Guadeloupe. Pour une partie d’entre eux – un quart des Martiniquais et près d’un Guadeloupéen sur sept – cette exposition se traduit par un risque sanitaire avéré.Notre commission a adopté cette proposition de loi la semaine dernière, sans modification et à l’unanimité. Ce vote conforme, s’il est réitéré aujourd’hui, la rendra définitive. En première lecture, notre groupe s’était abstenu. Non par doute sur la réalité du drame, le président de la République ayant, dès 2018, reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce scandale environnemental et sanitaire, mais par réserve sur une rédaction qui imputait à l’État une responsabilité pleine et entière et demeurait dépourvue de portée normative.Il faut le dire avec gravité : ce pesticide, interdit aux États-Unis dès 1976, est resté autorisé aux Antilles jusqu’en 1993 par dérogation, pour des raisons économiques. Cette singularité a nourri, bien au-delà du seul dossier sanitaire, un profond sentiment d’injustice et une défiance tenace envers l’État.Reconnaître aujourd’hui dans la loi la part de responsabilité de la puissance publique, ce n’est pas rouvrir une plaie, c’est poser un acte de vérité sans lequel aucune réparation durable n’est possible. La navette parlementaire a répondu à ces réserves et le Sénat a précisé que l’État a sa part de responsabilité, non pour l’amoindrir, mais pour reconnaître, comme l’ont admis les juridictions, l’existence de coresponsabilités. Il a inscrit dans la loi une stratégie pluriannuelle consacrée à ce sujet, définie par arrêté interministériel, qui ancre désormais les ambitions du plan Chlordécone.L’essentiel se joue toujours sur le terrain, dans l’indemnisation par le fonds spécifique, le dépistage, la dépollution et la recherche. Cette loi n’est pas un aboutissement, elle n’épuise pas l’action ; elle lui donne un cadre et une direction. Mais cette reconnaissance, longtemps attendue par nos compatriotes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, méritait d’être inscrite dans notre droit. Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi, telle qu’adoptée conforme par notre commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA720960",
   "speaker": "Olivier Serva",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Serva (LIOT)",
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   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113016",
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   "order": 693,
   "text": "Nous voilà réunis plus de deux ans après l’examen de ce texte en première lecture pour examiner cette proposition de loi visant à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et à indemniser les victimes du chlordécone. Deux ans, c’est le temps qu’il aura fallu pour aborder une nouvelle fois ce texte si important pour nos territoires ultramarins. Nous avons bien attendu quatorze années, pendant lesquelles l’État a fait la sourde oreille à l’OMS qui, dès 1979, classait le chlordécone parmi les cancérigènes possibles. Pendant ces quatorze années, l’État a préféré écouter le puissant lobby de la banane plutôt que la science, au risque de détruire les sols, d’empoisonner les eaux, de compromettre des vies et même de tuer. C’est bien ce dont il s’agit aujourd’hui : des familles meurtries par la perte ou la maladie d’un proche, des femmes et des hommes touchés dans leur chair aujourd’hui encore, vivant dans la peur, conscients d’avoir été empoisonnés.J’appelle notre assemblée à les respecter. La Guadeloupe et la Martinique nous regardent. Là-bas, plus de 90 % de la population – moi compris – est empoisonnée par cette substance. À ce drame humain s’ajoute un écocide qui frappe les eaux, les sols, les mers, les poissons, les légumes, le bétail. En somme, nos deux îles toutes entières souffrent de cette pollution qui touche par ricochet toute notre économie, avec des terres devenues inexploitables et une pêche réduite à peau de chagrin – elle subit aujourd’hui encore un blocage en Guadeloupe.Dans ce contexte, il est impossible de minimiser la responsabilité de l’État. Ce serait insulter, une fois de plus, ces ouvriers agricoles guadeloupéens et martiniquais qui ont répandu le poison de leurs propres mains, et qui en sont morts ou tombés malades. Ce serait faire un affront au reste de la population, empoisonnée par son eau et son alimentation, et frappée à son tour par le cancer.J’avais déclaré en première lecture : pawol an bouch pa chaj – seuls les actes comptent. Aujourd’hui nous devons inscrire dans la loi le fait que l’État reconnaisse sa grande part de responsabilité. Rendez-vous compte : des vies humaines ont été sacrifiées sur l’autel du profit agricole avec, en toile de fond, une complaisance malsaine de l’État, censé être le garant de l’ordre public sanitaire. Reconnaître cette responsabilité, c’est contribuer à restaurer le lien de confiance, c’est aussi aller plus loin sur le chemin de la réparation annoncée par le président de la République pour traduire cette reconnaissance en actes.Par conséquent, le groupe LIOT soutiendra sans réserve cette proposition de loi qui appelle à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale lié au chlordécone, à poursuivre un objectif de dépollution des eaux et des sols et à indemniser les victimes dignement.Le Sénat est revenu sur des mesures qui faisaient consensus au sein de notre assemblée. Je pense notamment à la suppression de l’amendement de notre groupe qui fixait l’objectif d’une campagne de dépistage du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, conformément aux préconisations de nombreux professionnels sur place.Je vous rappelle les chiffres. En Guadeloupe, nous détenons le triste record mondial du nombre de cancers de la prostate : 200 cas par an pour 100 000 habitants, contre 90 dans l’Hexagone. La mortalité y est tout aussi vertigineuse : vingt-trois décès pour 100 000 habitants, contre neuf à l’échelle nationale – soit près de trois fois plus en Guadeloupe. Or aucun antidote n’existe. Le lancement de cette campagne de dépistage nous paraissait donc indispensable.Cela étant, le Sénat a inscrit dans la loi une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée aux objectifs de l’État face à cette pollution, et nous saluons cette mesure. Une telle stratégie donnera corps aux principes que ce texte défend.Je remercie chaleureusement mon collègue Elie Califer pour ce travail ô combien essentiel. Il est essentiel pour les populations de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique, mais aussi, en définitive, pour le peuple français tout entier. En effet, une nation se grandit non pas en détournant les yeux, mais en regardant ses fautes en face.Reconnaître, réparer, se grandir, voilà ce qu’une grande nation doit à ses enfants. Aujourd’hui, nous devons adopter un texte qui reconnaît un crime grave commis par la France, l’État, contre les peuples de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe. Je souhaite que notre assemblée s’honore en l’adoptant à l’unanimité. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113016",
   "case": "chlordecone",
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voilà réunis plus de deux ans après l’examen de ce texte en première lecture pour examiner cette proposition de loi visant à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et à indemniser les victimes du chlordécone. Deux ans, c’est le temps qu’il aura fallu pour aborder une nouvelle fois ce texte si important pour nos territoires ultramarins. Nous avons bien attendu quatorze années, pendant lesquelles l’État a fait la sourde oreille à l’OMS qui, dès 1979, classait le chlordécone parmi les cancérigènes possibles. Pendant ces quatorze années, l’État a préféré écouter le puissant lobby de la banane plutôt que la science, au risque de détruire les sols, d’empoisonner les eaux, de compromettre des vies et même de tuer. C’est bien ce dont il s’agit aujourd’hui : des familles meurtries par la perte ou la maladie d’un proche, des femmes et des hommes touchés dans leur chair aujourd’hui encore, vivant dans la peur, conscients d’avoir été empoisonnés.J’appelle notre assemblée à les respecter. La Guadeloupe et la Martinique nous regardent. Là-bas, plus de 90 % de la population – moi compris – est empoisonnée par cette substance. À ce drame humain s’ajoute un écocide qui frappe les eaux, les sols, les mers, les poissons, les légumes, le bétail. En somme, nos deux îles toutes entières souffrent de cette pollution qui touche par ricochet toute notre économie, avec des terres devenues inexploitables et une pêche réduite à peau de chagrin – elle subit aujourd’hui encore un blocage en Guadeloupe.Dans ce contexte, il est impossible de minimiser la responsabilité de l’État. Ce serait insulter, une fois de plus, ces ouvriers agricoles guadeloupéens et martiniquais qui ont répandu le poison de leurs propres mains, et qui en sont morts ou tombés malades. Ce serait faire un affront au reste de la population, empoisonnée par son eau et son alimentation, et frappée à son tour par le cancer.J’avais déclaré en première lecture : pawol an bouch pa chaj – seuls les actes comptent. Aujourd’hui nous devons inscrire dans la loi le fait que l’État reconnaisse sa grande part de responsabilité. Rendez-vous compte : des vies humaines ont été sacrifiées sur l’autel du profit agricole avec, en toile de fond, une complaisance malsaine de l’État, censé être le garant de l’ordre public sanitaire. Reconnaître cette responsabilité, c’est contribuer à restaurer le lien de confiance, c’est aussi aller plus loin sur le chemin de la réparation annoncée par le président de la République pour traduire cette reconnaissance en actes.Par conséquent, le groupe LIOT soutiendra sans réserve cette proposition de loi qui appelle à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale lié au chlordécone, à poursuivre un objectif de dépollution des eaux et des sols et à indemniser les victimes dignement.Le Sénat est revenu sur des mesures qui faisaient consensus au sein de notre assemblée. Je pense notamment à la suppression de l’amendement de notre groupe qui fixait l’objectif d’une campagne de dépistage du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, conformément aux préconisations de nombreux professionnels sur place.Je vous rappelle les chiffres. En Guadeloupe, nous détenons le triste record mondial du nombre de cancers de la prostate : 200 cas par an pour 100 000 habitants, contre 90 dans l’Hexagone. La mortalité y est tout aussi vertigineuse : vingt-trois décès pour 100 000 habitants, contre neuf à l’échelle nationale – soit près de trois fois plus en Guadeloupe. Or aucun antidote n’existe. Le lancement de cette campagne de dépistage nous paraissait donc indispensable.Cela étant, le Sénat a inscrit dans la loi une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée aux objectifs de l’État face à cette pollution, et nous saluons cette mesure. Une telle stratégie donnera corps aux principes que ce texte défend.Je remercie chaleureusement mon collègue [PERSONNE] pour ce travail ô combien essentiel. Il est essentiel pour les populations de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique, mais aussi, en définitive, pour le peuple français tout entier. En effet, une nation se grandit non pas en détournant les yeux, mais en regardant ses fautes en face.Reconnaître, réparer, se grandir, voilà ce qu’une grande nation doit à ses enfants. Aujourd’hui, nous devons adopter un texte qui reconnaît un crime grave commis par la France, l’État, contre les peuples de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe. Je souhaite que notre assemblée s’honore en l’adoptant à l’unanimité. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker": "Marcellin Nadeau",
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   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113146",
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   "order": 704,
   "text": "La proposition de loi que nous examinons touche à l’un des plus graves scandales sanitaires et écologiques que la Martinique et la Guadeloupe aient connus. Pendant plus de vingt ans, le chlordécone a été utilisé dans les bananeraies antillaises alors que sa toxicité était connue. Les conséquences sont désormais largement documentées : les études établissent une contamination durable des sols et des eaux, des impacts sur la santé des populations, des difficultés persistantes pour les agriculteurs, les pêcheurs et l’ensemble des acteurs économiques concernés.Cette réalité impose à l’Assemblée nationale un devoir de vérité, de justice et de responsabilité. C’est pourquoi nous accueillons favorablement ce texte. Toute avancée en faveur des victimes mérite d’être soutenue. Toute reconnaissance, même partielle, constitue une étape utile. C’est pourquoi je salue chaleureusement l’initiative de notre collègue Elie Califer.Cependant, nous devons aussi constater que cette proposition de loi demeure plutôt en retrait – d’autant plus depuis sa sortie du Sénat – par rapport aux attentes exprimées depuis de nombreuses années par les associations, les collectifs de victimes et les élus des territoires concernés. Ainsi, elle reconnaît certes des préjudices, mais pourquoi ne va-t-elle pas jusqu’au bout de la réflexion sur les responsabilités publiques qui ont permis l’utilisation prolongée de ce produit ? Elle ouvre une voie vers la réparation, mais pourquoi ne répond-elle pas pleinement à l’exigence d’une indemnisation simple, accessible et à la hauteur des dommages subis ?On nous dira qu’elle constitue un signal politique. Peut-être est-ce le cas, mais n’eût-il pas été préférable de sortir de l’effet de symbole ? Les dits outre-mer sont en ce moment gavés de symboles ! Or ils ont besoin d’actes répondant à leurs aspirations concrètes.En l’état, ce texte ne saurait être considéré comme l’aboutissement du combat pour la justice en faveur des populations antillaises et des victimes. Je pense aux différentes initiatives législatives défendues par mon groupe au cours des dernières années. Elles visaient à une reconnaissance plus complète de la responsabilité de l’État, à une réparation intégrale des préjudices et à un engagement plus ambitieux en matière de dépollution et de suivi sanitaire.La question des responsabilités est essentielle. Elle aurait mérité d’être abordée. Dans d’autres crises sanitaires majeures de notre histoire, qu’il s’agisse du sang contaminé ou de l’amiante, la société a progressivement reconnu que les victimes avaient droit non seulement à une réparation, mais aussi à la compréhension des mécanismes qui avaient conduit à ces drames. Le chlordécone mérite la même exigence de clarté.En effet, il ne s’agit pas seulement de regarder le passé. Au moment même où nous débattons de ce texte, des discussions sont engagées sur l’extension de l’épandage par drone dans certaines exploitations agricoles. Je ne confonds évidemment pas les produits concernés ni les situations réglementaires. Toutefois, il serait incompréhensible que les enseignements du chlordécone ne conduisent pas à appliquer un principe de précaution particulièrement exigeant dans des territoires qui ont déjà payé un prix considérable aux choix agricoles du passé. Paraphrasant Robespierre, je déclare : « Périssent les bananeraies chlordéconées plutôt que ce principe ! » De fait, le chlordécone devrait précisément nous obliger à penser autrement notre modèle de développement agricole, à renforcer la protection de la santé publique et à mieux associer les populations aux décisions qui concernent leur environnement.Le texte qui nous est soumis est utile, et nous le voterons. Néanmoins, nous le voterons avec la conviction qu’il ne constitue qu’une étape et qu’il nous reste à construire un véritable dispositif d’indemnisation à la hauteur des préjudices subis et à renforcer les moyens consacrés à la recherche, au suivi sanitaire et à la dépollution. C’est de cela que nous avons besoin, ici et maintenant.En effet, une exigence impérative demeure : garantir aux ouvriers agricoles, aux pêcheurs, aux familles concernées et à la jeunesse martiniquaise et guadeloupéenne que les erreurs du passé ne se reproduiront plus. Ce texte l’exclut-il ? Enfin, il nous reste à poursuivre le travail de vérité et de responsabilité que les victimes attendent depuis trop longtemps. Ce texte le permet-il ? C’est pourtant à cette condition que la reconnaissance pourra devenir réparation, et que la réparation pourra devenir justice. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
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   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 701,
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   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition de loi que nous examinons touche à l’un des plus graves scandales sanitaires et écologiques que la Martinique et la Guadeloupe aient connus. Pendant plus de vingt ans, le chlordécone a été utilisé dans les bananeraies antillaises alors que sa toxicité était connue. Les conséquences sont désormais largement documentées : les études établissent une contamination durable des sols et des eaux, des impacts sur la santé des populations, des difficultés persistantes pour les agriculteurs, les pêcheurs et l’ensemble des acteurs économiques concernés.Cette réalité impose à l’Assemblée nationale un devoir de vérité, de justice et de responsabilité. C’est pourquoi nous accueillons favorablement ce texte. Toute avancée en faveur des victimes mérite d’être soutenue. Toute reconnaissance, même partielle, constitue une étape utile. C’est pourquoi je salue chaleureusement l’initiative de notre collègue [PERSONNE].Cependant, nous devons aussi constater que cette proposition de loi demeure plutôt en retrait – d’autant plus depuis sa sortie du Sénat – par rapport aux attentes exprimées depuis de nombreuses années par les associations, les collectifs de victimes et les élus des territoires concernés. Ainsi, elle reconnaît certes des préjudices, mais pourquoi ne va-t-elle pas jusqu’au bout de la réflexion sur les responsabilités publiques qui ont permis l’utilisation prolongée de ce produit ? Elle ouvre une voie vers la réparation, mais pourquoi ne répond-elle pas pleinement à l’exigence d’une indemnisation simple, accessible et à la hauteur des dommages subis ?On nous dira qu’elle constitue un signal politique. Peut-être est-ce le cas, mais n’eût-il pas été préférable de sortir de l’effet de symbole ? Les dits outre-mer sont en ce moment gavés de symboles ! Or ils ont besoin d’actes répondant à leurs aspirations concrètes.En l’état, ce texte ne saurait être considéré comme l’aboutissement du combat pour la justice en faveur des populations antillaises et des victimes. Je pense aux différentes initiatives législatives défendues par mon groupe au cours des dernières années. Elles visaient à une reconnaissance plus complète de la responsabilité de l’État, à une réparation intégrale des préjudices et à un engagement plus ambitieux en matière de dépollution et de suivi sanitaire.La question des responsabilités est essentielle. Elle aurait mérité d’être abordée. Dans d’autres crises sanitaires majeures de notre histoire, qu’il s’agisse du sang contaminé ou de l’amiante, la société a progressivement reconnu que les victimes avaient droit non seulement à une réparation, mais aussi à la compréhension des mécanismes qui avaient conduit à ces drames. Le chlordécone mérite la même exigence de clarté.En effet, il ne s’agit pas seulement de regarder le passé. Au moment même où nous débattons de ce texte, des discussions sont engagées sur l’extension de l’épandage par drone dans certaines exploitations agricoles. Je ne confonds évidemment pas les produits concernés ni les situations réglementaires. Toutefois, il serait incompréhensible que les enseignements du chlordécone ne conduisent pas à appliquer un principe de précaution particulièrement exigeant dans des territoires qui ont déjà payé un prix considérable aux choix agricoles du passé. Paraphrasant Robespierre, je déclare : « Périssent les bananeraies chlordéconées plutôt que ce principe ! » De fait, le chlordécone devrait précisément nous obliger à penser autrement notre modèle de développement agricole, à renforcer la protection de la santé publique et à mieux associer les populations aux décisions qui concernent leur environnement.Le texte qui nous est soumis est utile, et nous le voterons. Néanmoins, nous le voterons avec la conviction qu’il ne constitue qu’une étape et qu’il nous reste à construire un véritable dispositif d’indemnisation à la hauteur des préjudices subis et à renforcer les moyens consacrés à la recherche, au suivi sanitaire et à la dépollution. C’est de cela que nous avons besoin, ici et maintenant.En effet, une exigence impérative demeure : garantir aux ouvriers agricoles, aux pêcheurs, aux familles concernées et à la jeunesse martiniquaise et guadeloupéenne que les erreurs du passé ne se reproduiront plus. Ce texte l’exclut-il ? Enfin, il nous reste à poursuivre le travail de vérité et de responsabilité que les victimes attendent depuis trop longtemps. Ce texte le permet-il ? C’est pourtant à cette condition que la reconnaissance pourra devenir réparation, et que la réparation pourra devenir justice. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
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   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
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   "order": 716,
   "text": "Derrière ce chiffre se trouvent le plus grand scandale sanitaire et environnemental de notre histoire contemporaine et, avant tout, une immense détresse humaine.Entre 1972 et 1993, cet insecticide a été massivement utilisé en Martinique et en Guadeloupe dans les cultures de banane. Pourtant, sa dangerosité était déjà connue et les alertes scientifiques se multipliaient de manière unanime. Plus de trente ans après son interdiction, les sols, les cours d’eau et la population des Antilles continuent d’en subir les conséquences.Face à une telle situation, il est légitime que la représentation nationale reconnaisse la responsabilité de l’État. Il est également nécessaire que les victimes soient indemnisées. L’UDR soutiendra donc cette démarche.Je tiens d’ailleurs à souligner l’engagement de longue date de la présidente Marine Le Pen, qui dénonce la responsabilité de l’État, demande une reconnaissance des victimes et exige des moyens concrets, notamment un plan d’urgence interministériel. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes GDR et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 716,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113321",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "Nd45f37e6dd26",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BIQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Derrière ce chiffre se trouvent le plus grand scandale sanitaire et environnemental de notre histoire contemporaine et, avant tout, une immense détresse humaine.Entre 1972 et 1993, cet insecticide a été massivement utilisé en Martinique et en Guadeloupe dans les cultures de banane. Pourtant, sa dangerosité était déjà connue et les alertes scientifiques se multipliaient de manière unanime. Plus de trente ans après son interdiction, les sols, les cours d’eau et la population des Antilles continuent d’en subir les conséquences.Face à une telle situation, il est légitime que la représentation nationale reconnaisse la responsabilité de l’État. Il est également nécessaire que les victimes soient indemnisées. L’[GROUPE] soutiendra donc cette démarche.Je tiens d’ailleurs à souligner l’engagement de longue date de la présidente [PERSONNE], qui dénonce la responsabilité de l’État, demande une reconnaissance des victimes et exige des moyens concrets, notamment un plan d’urgence interministériel. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO872880",
   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113161",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113161"
   ],
   "order": 721,
   "text": "Cette position courageuse tranche avec celle de nos gouvernants actuels. En février 2019, Emmanuel Macron affirmait devant des élus d’outre-mer que le chlordécone n’était pas cancérigène. Comble de l’ironie : au premier rang était présent ce jour-là le ministre chargé des collectivités territoriales, un certain Sébastien Lecornu.Tirer les leçons du chlordécone, c’est réparer les erreurs du passé, mais ce n’est pas seulement cela. En effet, pendant que nos agriculteurs respectent des normes toujours plus strictes,…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 721,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113161",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N2a36377f4f7c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cette position courageuse tranche avec celle de nos gouvernants actuels. En février 2019, [PERSONNE] affirmait devant des élus d’outre-mer que le chlordécone n’était pas cancérigène. Comble de l’ironie : au premier rang était présent ce jour-là le ministre chargé des collectivités territoriales, un certain [PERSONNE].Tirer les leçons du chlordécone, c’est réparer les erreurs du passé, mais ce n’est pas seulement cela. En effet, pendant que nos agriculteurs respectent des normes toujours plus strictes,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO872880",
   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113164",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113164"
   ],
   "order": 724,
   "text": "…on importe du bizarre, mais pas que ! On importe aussi des produits agricoles dispensés de respecter nos règles. C’est le cas en application du traité avec le Mercosur imposé par l’Europe, mais également des mesures douanières en faveur de l’Ukraine. Ce sera de nouveau le cas en vertu du traité de libre-échange qui vient d’être signé entre l’Europe et l’Australie. À chaque fois, on importe massivement des produits de mauvaise qualité, parfois dangereux pour la santé – par exemple, des poulets ukrainiens gavés aux antibiotiques et traités à l’eau de Javel, ou encore du bœuf argentin aux hormones !Je le redis : on importe du bizarre, mais pas que ! Cette situation est profondément injuste : elle pénalise nos agriculteurs, crée une concurrence déloyale, menace notre souveraineté alimentaire et, surtout, détruit notre santé publique. En France, certaines substances sont interdites.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 724,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113164",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 141,
   "annotation_id": "N64005ea68b99",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…on importe du bizarre, mais pas que ! On importe aussi des produits agricoles dispensés de respecter nos règles. C’est le cas en application du traité avec le Mercosur imposé par l’Europe, mais également des mesures douanières en faveur de l’Ukraine. Ce sera de nouveau le cas en vertu du traité de libre-échange qui vient d’être signé entre l’Europe et l’Australie. À chaque fois, on importe massivement des produits de mauvaise qualité, parfois dangereux pour la santé – par exemple, des poulets ukrainiens gavés aux antibiotiques et traités à l’eau de Javel, ou encore du bœuf argentin aux hormones !Je le redis : on importe du bizarre, mais pas que ! Cette situation est profondément injuste : elle pénalise nos agriculteurs, crée une concurrence déloyale, menace notre souveraineté alimentaire et, surtout, détruit notre santé publique. En France, certaines substances sont interdites."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO872880",
   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113167",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113167"
   ],
   "order": 727,
   "text": "Nos agriculteurs s’adaptent, investissent et supportent les contraintes qui en découlent. Nous devons refuser fermement toute concurrence déloyale.La reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et l’indemnisation relèvent d’un devoir de justice.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 727,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113167",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Nd4aa7f0cb2d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nos agriculteurs s’adaptent, investissent et supportent les contraintes qui en découlent. Nous devons refuser fermement toute concurrence déloyale.La reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et l’indemnisation relèvent d’un devoir de justice."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO872880",
   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113327",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113327"
   ],
   "order": 730,
   "text": "Nous le devons aux victimes d’hier et aux générations d’aujourd’hui. C’est aussi un message fort d’espoir et de confiance en l’avenir envoyé à nos concitoyens ultramarins. La France n’est jamais aussi belle et grande que lorsqu’elle est unie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 730,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113327",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N69f043247c60",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous le devons aux victimes d’hier et aux générations d’aujourd’hui. C’est aussi un message fort d’espoir et de confiance en l’avenir envoyé à nos concitoyens ultramarins. La France n’est jamais aussi belle et grande que lorsqu’elle est unie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793696",
   "speaker": "Serge Muller",
   "quality": "M. Serge Muller (RN)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113171",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113171"
   ],
   "order": 733,
   "text": "Le scandale du chlordécone constitue l’une des plus graves fautes sanitaires et environnementales commises par l’État français dans nos territoires ultramarins. Pendant plus de vingt ans, entre 1972 et 1993, l’utilisation de ce pesticide hautement toxique a été autorisée dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe alors même que sa dangerosité était connue. Elle avait été établie dès 1968, lorsque la commission d’étude de la toxicité des produits antiparasitaires à usage agricole et des produits assimilés avait constaté le caractère toxique et persistant de la molécule. Elle avait été confirmée en 1981, lorsque la production du Kepone avait été arrêtée. Pourtant, des dérogations successives ont permis son utilisation jusqu’en 1993, soit douze ans de plus – douze ans d’empoisonnement délibérément toléré.Aujourd’hui encore, les conséquences sont dramatiques. Les sols, les cours d’eau, les nappes phréatiques et les espaces maritimes demeurent durablement contaminés. Plus grave encore, des générations entières de nos compatriotes antillais vivent désormais avec l’angoisse permanente de développer des pathologies lourdes : cancer de la prostate, infertilité féminine, troubles neurologiques, méningiomes. Comment accepter que 95 % de la population des Antilles françaises présente des traces de chlordécone dans l’organisme ?D’autre part, comment accepter que l’État ait tant tardé à reconnaître sa responsabilité ? Depuis 2022, les juridictions administratives ont reconnu les carences fautives et les négligences de l’État. Oui, les pouvoirs publics savaient. Pourtant, pendant des années, le déni a prévalu sur l’action. En septembre 2018, en Martinique, le président de la République lui-même a reconnu que l’État devait prendre sa part de responsabilité. Encore des mots ! Il était temps que les actes suivent.Face à cette situation, le Rassemblement national soutient cette proposition de loi, qui reconnaît la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, moraux, écologiques et économiques. Ce sont des avancées concrètes, que nous saluons. Toutefois, nous affirmons que ce texte ne saurait suffire à réparer des décennies d’abandon. Le plan Chlordécone IV, doté de 130 millions d’euros pour la période 2021-2027, a permis à 42 500 personnes de bénéficier de tests de chlordéconémie gratuits. C’est utile, mais c’est insuffisant face à l’ampleur de la catastrophe.En effet, ce dont les Antilles ont besoin, c’est non pas d’un service minimum, mais d’un engagement total de la nation. Marine Le Pen fut la première responsable politique nationale à alerter sur ce scandale sanitaire (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes GDR, SOC et EcoS),…",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 733,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113171",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 395,
   "annotation_id": "Nf630ed962f03",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le scandale du chlordécone constitue l’une des plus graves fautes sanitaires et environnementales commises par l’État français dans nos territoires ultramarins. Pendant plus de vingt ans, entre 1972 et 1993, l’utilisation de ce pesticide hautement toxique a été autorisée dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe alors même que sa dangerosité était connue. Elle avait été établie dès 1968, lorsque la commission d’étude de la toxicité des produits antiparasitaires à usage agricole et des produits assimilés avait constaté le caractère toxique et persistant de la molécule. Elle avait été confirmée en 1981, lorsque la production du Kepone avait été arrêtée. Pourtant, des dérogations successives ont permis son utilisation jusqu’en 1993, soit douze ans de plus – douze ans d’empoisonnement délibérément toléré.Aujourd’hui encore, les conséquences sont dramatiques. Les sols, les cours d’eau, les nappes phréatiques et les espaces maritimes demeurent durablement contaminés. Plus grave encore, des générations entières de nos compatriotes antillais vivent désormais avec l’angoisse permanente de développer des pathologies lourdes : cancer de la prostate, infertilité féminine, troubles neurologiques, méningiomes. Comment accepter que 95 % de la population des Antilles françaises présente des traces de chlordécone dans l’organisme ?D’autre part, comment accepter que l’État ait tant tardé à reconnaître sa responsabilité ? Depuis 2022, les juridictions administratives ont reconnu les carences fautives et les négligences de l’État. Oui, les pouvoirs publics savaient. Pourtant, pendant des années, le déni a prévalu sur l’action. En septembre 2018, en Martinique, le président de la République lui-même a reconnu que l’État devait prendre sa part de responsabilité. Encore des mots ! Il était temps que les actes suivent.Face à cette situation, le [GROUPE] soutient cette proposition de loi, qui reconnaît la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, moraux, écologiques et économiques. Ce sont des avancées concrètes, que nous saluons. Toutefois, nous affirmons que ce texte ne saurait suffire à réparer des décennies d’abandon. Le plan Chlordécone IV, doté de 130 millions d’euros pour la période 2021-2027, a permis à 42 500 personnes de bénéficier de tests de chlordéconémie gratuits. C’est utile, mais c’est insuffisant face à l’ampleur de la catastrophe.En effet, ce dont les Antilles ont besoin, c’est non pas d’un service minimum, mais d’un engagement total de la nation. [PERSONNE] fut la première responsable politique nationale à alerter sur ce scandale sanitaire (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793696",
   "speaker": "Serge Muller",
   "quality": "M. Serge Muller",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113519",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113519"
   ],
   "order": 741,
   "text": "…lorsque les gouvernements successifs s’enfermaient encore dans le déni.Depuis des années, nous demandons un véritable plan d’urgence interministériel associant les ministères chargés de la santé, de l’agriculture, de l’outre-mer, de l’environnement et des finances. Nous proposons un audit écologique et médical complet, un dépistage systématique des populations, le financement massif de la recherche afin de dépolluer les terres contaminées, la reconversion des exploitations agricoles vers des cultures adaptées, le soutien aux pêcheurs durement touchés par la contamination des zones maritimes, la modernisation des sites de production d’eau potable et la création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes réel, accessible et doté des moyens nécessaires.Pour ce scandale comme pour la crise des algues sargasses, pour la situation à Mayotte ou pour les problèmes de coût de la vie à La Réunion, l’outre-mer attend toujours que la République soit à la hauteur de ses promesses. Il est temps d’en finir avec l’abandon structurel de nos compatriotes ultramarins. Ce sont des Français comme les autres ; ils méritent d’être protégés comme les autres.Nos compatriotes antillais demandent la justice, la vérité et la protection de leur santé. Nous voterons ce texte avec la conviction que ce n’est qu’un début et que la dette de l’État envers les victimes du chlordécone exige un engagement durable, sincère et à la hauteur du drame qu’elles ont vécu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 741,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113519",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 228,
   "annotation_id": "Ncf3057c38033",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…lorsque les gouvernements successifs s’enfermaient encore dans le déni.Depuis des années, nous demandons un véritable plan d’urgence interministériel associant les ministères chargés de la santé, de l’agriculture, de l’outre-mer, de l’environnement et des finances. Nous proposons un audit écologique et médical complet, un dépistage systématique des populations, le financement massif de la recherche afin de dépolluer les terres contaminées, la reconversion des exploitations agricoles vers des cultures adaptées, le soutien aux pêcheurs durement touchés par la contamination des zones maritimes, la modernisation des sites de production d’eau potable et la création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes réel, accessible et doté des moyens nécessaires.Pour ce scandale comme pour la crise des algues sargasses, pour la situation à Mayotte ou pour les problèmes de coût de la vie à La Réunion, l’outre-mer attend toujours que la République soit à la hauteur de ses promesses. Il est temps d’en finir avec l’abandon structurel de nos compatriotes ultramarins. Ce sont des Français comme les autres ; ils méritent d’être protégés comme les autres.Nos compatriotes antillais demandent la justice, la vérité et la protection de leur santé. Nous voterons ce texte avec la conviction que ce n’est qu’un début et que la dette de l’État envers les victimes du chlordécone exige un engagement durable, sincère et à la hauteur du drame qu’elles ont vécu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113331",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 746,
   "text": "Je tiens tout d’abord à saluer notre collègue rapporteur Elie Califer pour la constance avec laquelle il défend la cause qui nous réunit. Derrière ce texte, il y a des populations dont la santé, la terre, le quotidien sont meurtris, et qui attendent depuis trop longtemps que la République prenne ses responsabilités. On a utilisé le chlordécone pendant plus de vingt ans dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Ses effets ont imprégné chaque composante de la vie de ces territoires : en contaminant les sols, il a contaminé les produits agricoles, les bovins, les ovins ; en contaminant les eaux, il a contaminé les produits de la pêche, de l’aquaculture, et jusqu’à l’eau du robinet. Aujourd’hui, 95 % de la population guadeloupéenne et 92 % de la population martiniquaise présentent des signes d’exposition.Au-delà de ces chiffres alarmants, une profonde souffrance morale pèse chaque jour sur les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais. Ils se sentent livrés à eux-mêmes face à ce fléau et vivent dans l’angoisse des conséquences à venir pour eux-mêmes et pour leurs proches, sans même parler des enfants. Les conséquences sanitaires sont en effet dramatiques et multiples. Le chlordécone, perturbateur endocrinien, est classé cancérogène probable. Les études scientifiques établissent une corrélation entre la contamination au chlordécone et l’occurrence du cancer de la prostate, mais aussi de la prématurité, de troubles du développement, de l’obésité infantile ou encore de la diminution de la fertilité des jeunes femmes. Nous ne parlons donc pas d’une affaire ancienne et close, mais d’une réalité qui pèse encore sur des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens.Outre le drame moral et sanitaire, le préjudice écologique et économique n’est pas près de s’effacer. À ce jour, il n’existe aucune technique mobilisable pour dépolluer les sols de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Ces territoires se trouvent donc contraints d’importer ce qu’ils ne peuvent plus produire, au détriment de la souveraineté alimentaire de notre territoire. Des filières entières ont été fragilisées et des agriculteurs, des pêcheurs, des éleveurs ont vu leurs moyens de subsistance durablement atteints.Des efforts ont été engagés. Le plan Chlordécone – nous en sommes au quatrième – témoigne d’une prise de conscience progressive, mais force est de constater que ces plans successifs n’ont pas suffi à répondre à l’ampleur du préjudice ni à effacer le sentiment d’abandon qu’éprouvent les populations. Dans ce contexte, le présent texte est bienvenu, et même nécessaire. Le président de la République l’a reconnu solennellement en 2018 lors d’un déplacement en Martinique : « L’État doit prendre sa part de responsabilité » dans ce scandale environnemental. Il appartient désormais au législateur de traduire cet engagement dans la loi. C’est ce que nous faisons aujourd’hui.Toutefois, le groupe Ensemble pour la République a été attentif à ce que cette reconnaissance soit formulée en termes précis. La rédaction initiale imputait à la seule République française l’ensemble des préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les populations. Cette formulation ne reflétait pas la réalité : les élus locaux et les acteurs économiques portent aussi une part de responsabilité dans ce qui s’est passé. Reconnaître dans la loi la responsabilité exclusive de l’État aurait risqué de fausser les contentieux à venir. C’est précisément sur ce point que les sénateurs ont apporté les corrections nécessaires, en substituant à la notion de « République française » celle d’« État » et en prévoyant que ce dernier reconnaîtrait « sa part de responsabilité ». Ce faisant, le Sénat a rejoint la position que notre groupe avait défendue dès la première lecture. Ce travail a ainsi abouti à un texte équilibré, juridiquement solide et respectueux de la vérité des faits.Face à la souffrance de ces territoires, nous devons avancer. C’est pourquoi le groupe Ensemble pour la République appelle à voter conforme la rédaction du Sénat. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 746,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113331",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 632,
   "annotation_id": "Nbb4990f756d7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJLPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens tout d’abord à saluer notre collègue rapporteur [PERSONNE] pour la constance avec laquelle il défend la cause qui nous réunit. Derrière ce texte, il y a des populations dont la santé, la terre, le quotidien sont meurtris, et qui attendent depuis trop longtemps que la République prenne ses responsabilités. On a utilisé le chlordécone pendant plus de vingt ans dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Ses effets ont imprégné chaque composante de la vie de ces territoires : en contaminant les sols, il a contaminé les produits agricoles, les bovins, les ovins ; en contaminant les eaux, il a contaminé les produits de la pêche, de l’aquaculture, et jusqu’à l’eau du robinet. Aujourd’hui, 95 % de la population guadeloupéenne et 92 % de la population martiniquaise présentent des signes d’exposition.Au-delà de ces chiffres alarmants, une profonde souffrance morale pèse chaque jour sur les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais. Ils se sentent livrés à eux-mêmes face à ce fléau et vivent dans l’angoisse des conséquences à venir pour eux-mêmes et pour leurs proches, sans même parler des enfants. Les conséquences sanitaires sont en effet dramatiques et multiples. Le chlordécone, perturbateur endocrinien, est classé cancérogène probable. Les études scientifiques établissent une corrélation entre la contamination au chlordécone et l’occurrence du cancer de la prostate, mais aussi de la prématurité, de troubles du développement, de l’obésité infantile ou encore de la diminution de la fertilité des jeunes femmes. Nous ne parlons donc pas d’une affaire ancienne et close, mais d’une réalité qui pèse encore sur des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens.Outre le drame moral et sanitaire, le préjudice écologique et économique n’est pas près de s’effacer. À ce jour, il n’existe aucune technique mobilisable pour dépolluer les sols de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Ces territoires se trouvent donc contraints d’importer ce qu’ils ne peuvent plus produire, au détriment de la souveraineté alimentaire de notre territoire. Des filières entières ont été fragilisées et des agriculteurs, des pêcheurs, des éleveurs ont vu leurs moyens de subsistance durablement atteints.Des efforts ont été engagés. Le plan Chlordécone – nous en sommes au quatrième – témoigne d’une prise de conscience progressive, mais force est de constater que ces plans successifs n’ont pas suffi à répondre à l’ampleur du préjudice ni à effacer le sentiment d’abandon qu’éprouvent les populations. Dans ce contexte, le présent texte est bienvenu, et même nécessaire. Le président de la République l’a reconnu solennellement en 2018 lors d’un déplacement en Martinique : « L’État doit prendre sa part de responsabilité » dans ce scandale environnemental. Il appartient désormais au législateur de traduire cet engagement dans la loi. C’est ce que nous faisons aujourd’hui.Toutefois, le groupe [GROUPE] a été attentif à ce que cette reconnaissance soit formulée en termes précis. La rédaction initiale imputait à la seule République française l’ensemble des préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les populations. Cette formulation ne reflétait pas la réalité : les élus locaux et les acteurs économiques portent aussi une part de responsabilité dans ce qui s’est passé. Reconnaître dans la loi la responsabilité exclusive de l’État aurait risqué de fausser les contentieux à venir. C’est précisément sur ce point que les sénateurs ont apporté les corrections nécessaires, en substituant à la notion de « République française » celle d’« État » et en prévoyant que ce dernier reconnaîtrait « sa part de responsabilité ». Ce faisant, le Sénat a rejoint la position que notre groupe avait défendue dès la première lecture. Ce travail a ainsi abouti à un texte équilibré, juridiquement solide et respectueux de la vérité des faits.Face à la souffrance de ces territoires, nous devons avancer. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] appelle à voter conforme la rédaction du Sénat. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (LFI-NFP)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113338",
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    "4113338"
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   "order": 753,
   "text": "Le vote d’aujourd’hui n’effacera ni les souffrances humaines, ni les terres empoisonnées, ni les eaux contaminées. Mais pour la première fois, il gravera dans la loi une évidence dont les peuples de Martinique et de Guadeloupe sont imprégnés depuis des décennies : l’État savait depuis longtemps ; l’État a laissé faire pendant longtemps ; l’État a été complice tout le temps. Il est temps pour l’État de répondre.Il faut dire que la proposition de notre collègue Califer prévoyait la reconnaissance de la pleine responsabilité de la République française dans les préjudices subis par nos territoires du fait de l’utilisation du chlordécone. Hélas, le Sénat n’a voulu concéder que l’imputation d’une « part de responsabilité » à l’État, sans bien sûr en définir les contours, ce qui nous laisse dans un flou sémantique, juridique et judiciaire paralysant. Voilà ce que pensent profondément tous ceux qui ont voulu améliorer ce texte, jusqu’au rapporteur lui-même – les grands efforts qu’il a faits pour masquer son désappointement auront du mal à me convaincre. (M. Marcellin Nadeau sourit et applaudit.)Nous, parlementaires des dits outre-mer, partageons les mêmes indignations. La France a décidément du mal à assumer sa responsabilité et plus encore à inscrire dans son récit national la réparation des crimes et délits commis dans nos pays. Combien de séquences parlementaires nous démontrent que l’État veut nous enfermer à tout prix dans une série de reconnaissances symboliques et stériles ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – MM. Marcellin Nadeau et Jiovanny William applaudissent également.)Le Sénat a sorti de son chapeau un concept surréaliste : la « part de responsabilité ». Quelle part ? Une grande part ? Une petite part ? Qu’est-ce que cela veut dire ? C’est une chose impossible à évaluer, à quantifier, donc à réparer. (Mêmes mouvements.) Le récit est toujours le même : les auteurs sont responsables, jamais coupables ; l’État est reconnaisseur, non réparateur. La liste est longue des renoncements qui se sont multipliés au cours du calvaire parlementaire qu’a connu cette proposition de loi. En effet, le Sénat a rejeté bon nombre de nos amendements votés en première lecture, comme pour réduire la portée de la version finale du texte. Mais déterminé à avancer contre vents et marées, le groupe LFI-NFP le votera.Je me permets de souligner que les modifications introduites par deux de mes amendements ont tout de même échappé à la censure du Sénat ! (Mêmes mouvements.) Je salue notamment l’adoption de celui qui prévoit que l’État s’assignera désormais pour objectif l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes de la contamination au chlordécone, qu’elle ait ou non eu lieu dans le cadre d’une activité professionnelle.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 753,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113338",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 438,
   "annotation_id": "Nab6061ad205d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le vote d’aujourd’hui n’effacera ni les souffrances humaines, ni les terres empoisonnées, ni les eaux contaminées. Mais pour la première fois, il gravera dans la loi une évidence dont les peuples de Martinique et de Guadeloupe sont imprégnés depuis des décennies : l’État savait depuis longtemps ; l’État a laissé faire pendant longtemps ; l’État a été complice tout le temps. Il est temps pour l’État de répondre.Il faut dire que la proposition de notre collègue Califer prévoyait la reconnaissance de la pleine responsabilité de la République française dans les préjudices subis par nos territoires du fait de l’utilisation du chlordécone. Hélas, le Sénat n’a voulu concéder que l’imputation d’une « part de responsabilité » à l’État, sans bien sûr en définir les contours, ce qui nous laisse dans un flou sémantique, juridique et judiciaire paralysant. Voilà ce que pensent profondément tous ceux qui ont voulu améliorer ce texte, jusqu’au rapporteur lui-même – les grands efforts qu’il a faits pour masquer son désappointement auront du mal à me convaincre. (M. [PERSONNE] sourit et applaudit.)Nous, parlementaires des dits outre-mer, partageons les mêmes indignations. La France a décidément du mal à assumer sa responsabilité et plus encore à inscrire dans son récit national la réparation des crimes et délits commis dans nos pays. Combien de séquences parlementaires nous démontrent que l’État veut nous enfermer à tout prix dans une série de reconnaissances symboliques et stériles ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)Le Sénat a sorti de son chapeau un concept surréaliste : la « part de responsabilité ». Quelle part ? Une grande part ? Une petite part ? Qu’est-ce que cela veut dire ? C’est une chose impossible à évaluer, à quantifier, donc à réparer. (Mêmes mouvements.) Le récit est toujours le même : les auteurs sont responsables, jamais coupables ; l’État est reconnaisseur, non réparateur. La liste est longue des renoncements qui se sont multipliés au cours du calvaire parlementaire qu’a connu cette proposition de loi. En effet, le Sénat a rejeté bon nombre de nos amendements votés en première lecture, comme pour réduire la portée de la version finale du texte. Mais déterminé à avancer contre vents et marées, le groupe [GROUPE] le votera.Je me permets de souligner que les modifications introduites par deux de mes amendements ont tout de même échappé à la censure du Sénat ! (Mêmes mouvements.) Je salue notamment l’adoption de celui qui prévoit que l’État s’assignera désormais pour objectif l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes de la contamination au chlordécone, qu’elle ait ou non eu lieu dans le cadre d’une activité professionnelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113442",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 759,
   "text": "En tout état de cause, cette indemnisation est trop faible, trop tardive, trop complexe, trop dérisoire. Un autre amendement déterminant avait trait à l’utilisation du chlordécone dans l’ensemble du territoire français. L’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (Opecst) exprimait dans son rapport de juin 2009 une terrible incertitude quant à la destination de 1 500 tonnes de chlordécone importées en Europe via une société basée en Allemagne. Qui peut nous affirmer les yeux dans les yeux que ces milliers de tonnes de chlordécone n’ont pas servi à lutter en France contre le ver taupin, parasite de la pomme de terre, ou alimenté les réseaux clandestins orientés vers La Réunion et les Caraïbes ?",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 759,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113442",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "N6eaad0681803",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En tout état de cause, cette indemnisation est trop faible, trop tardive, trop complexe, trop dérisoire. Un autre amendement déterminant avait trait à l’utilisation du chlordécone dans l’ensemble du territoire français. L’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (Opecst) exprimait dans son rapport de juin 2009 une terrible incertitude quant à la destination de 1 500 tonnes de chlordécone importées en Europe via une société basée en Allemagne. Qui peut nous affirmer les yeux dans les yeux que ces milliers de tonnes de chlordécone n’ont pas servi à lutter en France contre le ver taupin, parasite de la pomme de terre, ou alimenté les réseaux clandestins orientés vers La Réunion et les Caraïbes ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113344",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 761,
   "text": "L’histoire retiendra que ce poison a contaminé pour des siècles nos terres, nos mers, nos rivières, jusqu’à nos chairs ! Mais elle retiendra également que la mauvaise foi complice a contaminé jusqu’au plus haut sommet de l’État.",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 761,
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113344",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N7e92a9fba150",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’histoire retiendra que ce poison a contaminé pour des siècles nos terres, nos mers, nos rivières, jusqu’à nos chairs ! Mais elle retiendra également que la mauvaise foi complice a contaminé jusqu’au plus haut sommet de l’État."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113346",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113346"
   ],
   "order": 763,
   "text": "Ce vote n’est que le premier acte de la guérison de la République par karchérisation de sa mauvaise conscience. J’ose le dire : à ce rythme de sénateur, la guérison risque d’être longue et lente, puisque nous devons nous-mêmes arracher chaque petite avancée. Les réparations vont dans le sens de l’histoire : elles viendront tôt ou tard. Nous le disons avec force : ce scandale sanitaire montre que ce ne sont pas les peuples de Martinique et de Guadeloupe qui ont failli à la République ; c’est la République qui a failli aux peuples de Martinique et de Guadeloupe ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP, dont les députés se lèvent, et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR. – M. Jiovanny William applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 763,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113346",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 127,
   "annotation_id": "N167bd8a3830c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce vote n’est que le premier acte de la guérison de la République par karchérisation de sa mauvaise conscience. J’ose le dire : à ce rythme de sénateur, la guérison risque d’être longue et lente, puisque nous devons nous-mêmes arracher chaque petite avancée. Les réparations vont dans le sens de l’histoire : elles viendront tôt ou tard. Nous le disons avec force : ce scandale sanitaire montre que ce ne sont pas les peuples de Martinique et de Guadeloupe qui ont failli à la République ; c’est la République qui a failli aux peuples de Martinique et de Guadeloupe ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont les députés se lèvent, et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720992",
   "speaker": "Jiovanny William",
   "quality": "M. Jiovanny William (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113348",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113348"
   ],
   "order": 765,
   "text": "Nous nous apprêtons à voter un texte visant à rétablir nos compatriotes martiniquais et guadeloupéens dans leurs droits et dans leur chair. Car les blessures de la chair ne se réparent pas à coups de mots, mais par des textes de droit qui ouvrent la voie de la réparation. Nous avons dû avaler des couleuvres : le passage éprouvant du texte par la navette parlementaire a révélé que l’État ne reconnaîtrait qu’une « part de responsabilité » – une responsabilité partielle, en d’autres termes – alors que c’est bien lui qui a autorisé cette molécule de mort et permis qu’en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, on déroge au respect de la vie, pour des raisons purement mercantiles.Le chlordécone, ce n’est pas la grippe, ce ne sont pas des chevilles foulées, mais bien le cancer, l’infertilité, les maladies les plus graves, qui affectent l’ensemble de nos populations ! Nous parlons d’une partie importante de notre économie déjà en grande difficulté du fait de l’impossibilité de cultiver les terres ou de pêcher. L’urgence pour nous, parlementaires, est de permettre à ces populations de guérir, sinon de compenser un mal irréversible, suivant un idéal de dignité, d’égalité et de fraternité.Nous ne sommes pas dupes : le combat ne fait que commencer. Je rappelle que les expertises dont les victimes du chlordécone font l’objet sont menées à distance, sur dossier, depuis Paris ! Je rappelle la faiblesse des rentes allouées aux victimes, notamment aux ouvriers agricoles, depuis plusieurs années. Si le gouvernement a fait le choix de ne reconnaître que « sa part de responsabilité », je rappelle qu’il est en revanche de son entière responsabilité de garantir l’égalité de traitement de toutes les victimes de ces produits phytosanitaires ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)Toutefois, pour ce pas de géant dans la lutte contre ce fléau, je remercie mon collègue et ami Elie Califer : an bèl woulo-bravo ba’y, mèsi anpil, mèsi anchay – un grand bravo à lui, merci beaucoup, vraiment merci. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 765,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113348",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 347,
   "annotation_id": "N9073b11c480d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous apprêtons à voter un texte visant à rétablir nos compatriotes martiniquais et guadeloupéens dans leurs droits et dans leur chair. Car les blessures de la chair ne se réparent pas à coups de mots, mais par des textes de droit qui ouvrent la voie de la réparation. Nous avons dû avaler des couleuvres : le passage éprouvant du texte par la navette parlementaire a révélé que l’État ne reconnaîtrait qu’une « part de responsabilité » – une responsabilité partielle, en d’autres termes – alors que c’est bien lui qui a autorisé cette molécule de mort et permis qu’en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, on déroge au respect de la vie, pour des raisons purement mercantiles.Le chlordécone, ce n’est pas la grippe, ce ne sont pas des chevilles foulées, mais bien le cancer, l’infertilité, les maladies les plus graves, qui affectent l’ensemble de nos populations ! Nous parlons d’une partie importante de notre économie déjà en grande difficulté du fait de l’impossibilité de cultiver les terres ou de pêcher. L’urgence pour nous, parlementaires, est de permettre à ces populations de guérir, sinon de compenser un mal irréversible, suivant un idéal de dignité, d’égalité et de fraternité.Nous ne sommes pas dupes : le combat ne fait que commencer. Je rappelle que les expertises dont les victimes du chlordécone font l’objet sont menées à distance, sur dossier, depuis Paris ! Je rappelle la faiblesse des rentes allouées aux victimes, notamment aux ouvriers agricoles, depuis plusieurs années. Si le gouvernement a fait le choix de ne reconnaître que « sa part de responsabilité », je rappelle qu’il est en revanche de son entière responsabilité de garantir l’égalité de traitement de toutes les victimes de ces produits phytosanitaires ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Toutefois, pour ce pas de géant dans la lutte contre ce fléau, je remercie mon collègue et ami [PERSONNE] : an bèl woulo-bravo ba’y, mèsi anpil, mèsi anchay – un grand bravo à lui, merci beaucoup, vraiment merci. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720992",
   "speaker": "Jiovanny William",
   "quality": "M. Jiovanny William",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113353",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113353"
   ],
   "order": 770,
   "text": "Je tiens aussi à remercier les parlementaires qui ont participé à cette reconnaissance : mèsi anpil – merci beaucoup.Je dois tout de même rappeler que sur les bancs de l’extrême droite, on défend le retour des pesticides. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et SOC. – Mme Dominique Voynet applaudit également.) Qu’elle ne vienne pas nous parler de combat contre le chlordécone !",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 770,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113353",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "N84162452734b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens aussi à remercier les parlementaires qui ont participé à cette reconnaissance : mèsi anpil – merci beaucoup.Je dois tout de même rappeler que sur les bancs de l’extrême droite, on défend le retour des pesticides. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Qu’elle ne vienne pas nous parler de combat contre le chlordécone !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720992",
   "speaker": "Jiovanny William",
   "quality": "M. Jiovanny William",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113356"
   ],
   "order": 773,
   "text": "On peut tout dire, mais ce texte pose le fondement de la réparation du préjudice subi par les populations. Par conséquent, le groupe Socialistes et apparentés votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi progressiste. Merci, cher ami. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, LFI-NFP et EcoS. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 773,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113356",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N087b8ba6c5ac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On peut tout dire, mais ce texte pose le fondement de la réparation du préjudice subi par les populations. Par conséquent, le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi progressiste. Merci, cher ami. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_sha256": "057ca87c2ec80494afe7dd36d08b1508fde0a9f66be6b5e6d9600548997463cd",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720390",
   "speaker": "Jérôme End",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme End (DR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113358",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113358"
   ],
   "order": 775,
   "text": "Pesticide très toxique, le chlordécone, massivement utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique afin de lutter contre le charançon de la banane, a contaminé la quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais. Son utilisation a été suspendue en 1993, mais son caractère bioaccumulable est tel qu’il reste présent dans les sols et qu’on le retrouve dans certaines denrées végétales et animales, ainsi que dans certains captages d’eau. On soupçonne que la contamination au chlordécone est corrélée à une augmentation du risque de cancer de la prostate.Les populations guadeloupéenne et martiniquaise, qui vivent une situation unique au monde, demandent depuis de nombreuses années que le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental auquel elles ont à faire face soit reconnu et qu’elles soient indemnisées pour celui-ci. Outre les problèmes engendrés par l’utilisation de ces pesticides, l’économie de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique est également affectée puisqu’il est impossible de vendre sur les marchés des produits agricoles issus des sols contaminés ou des produits de la mer contaminés, agriculteurs et pêcheurs voyant de fait leurs parcelles et zones de pêche réduites.La prise de conscience de cette problématique a conduit l’État à déployer une succession de plans Chlordécone visant à sensibiliser et à protéger les populations, à soutenir les professionnels touchés et à améliorer les connaissances sur les produits utilisés.Depuis 1999, la droite a été la première à édicter un ensemble de mesures sanitaires et agronomiques de protection contre les effets du chlordécone. C’est François Fillon, alors premier ministre, qui a lancé pour la première fois en 2008 un plan Chlordécone, reposant sur quarante actions, afin de fédérer l’action de sept ministères et de quinze organismes de recherche. C’est à partir de ce premier plan qu’ont été construits les plans Chlordécone 2011-2013, puis 2014-2020.Les évaluations administratives portant sur ces plans ont cependant estimé que les actions ont été déployées tardivement et qu’elles étaient inadaptées à l’ampleur de la pollution qui exigeait une stratégie à longue échéance. Un nouveau plan, entré en vigueur en février 2021 pour la période 2021-2027, prend en compte des limites des précédents plans.Il appartient à l’État de faire un geste à l’égard des populations touchées. Depuis de nombreuses années, les ministres successifs chargés de l’outre-mer, toutes tendances politiques confondues, se sont mobilisés pour trouver des solutions.L’article 1er reconnaît la responsabilité de la République française pour les préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique et par leurs populations.Le Sénat a souhaité préciser que l’État a « sa part de responsabilité », ce qui n’a pas pour effet d’amoindrir la portée de la reconnaissance, mais de préciser que des coresponsabilités peuvent être recherchées. L’article enjoint par ailleurs l’État à se doter d’un objectif de dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et érige comme priorité nationale la recherche scientifique sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la molécule.Pendant la navette, l’étude et la recherche scientifique ont été élargies aux risques environnementaux et sanitaires représentés par les produits de transformation du chlordécone.Enfin, l’État se voit fixer un objectif d’indemnisation des victimes de contamination et de leurs territoires. Actuellement, il existe une prise en charge des professionnels victimes de pesticides dans le cadre de l’assurance accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles du régime général et des régimes agricoles. Le cancer de la prostate lié aux travaux exposant habituellement aux pesticides, dont le chlordécone, figure désormais au tableau des maladies professionnelles reconnues.Sur l’impulsion notamment de Gérard Menuel, ancien député Les Républicains, un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de produits phytopharmaceutiques a été créé. Ce fonds couvre tous les pesticides tels que définis par le droit, c’est-à-dire à la fois les produits phytopharmaceutiques et les produits biocides, dont le chlordécone.Enfin, les autres articles de la proposition de loi prévoient la remise d’un rapport sur une possible extension du périmètre du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides et d’un rapport pour établir la présence ou l’absence de chlordécone dans les sols du territoire national, ainsi que l’inscription dans la loi de l’élaboration et de l’application d’une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée à l’atteinte des objectifs de l’article 1er.Le groupe Droite républicaine soutient l’objectif de ce texte. Il est absolument nécessaire d’éviter qu’un tel drame se reproduise et d’apporter une réponse à toutes les victimes du chlordécone.Le texte issu des travaux du Sénat étant plus équilibré que la rédaction initiale, les députés de notre groupe voteront pour cette proposition de loi, sur laquelle ils souhaitent un vote conforme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 775,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113358",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 745,
   "annotation_id": "N9f08e492d4c7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJMPQRSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pesticide très toxique, le chlordécone, massivement utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique afin de lutter contre le charançon de la banane, a contaminé la quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais. Son utilisation a été suspendue en 1993, mais son caractère bioaccumulable est tel qu’il reste présent dans les sols et qu’on le retrouve dans certaines denrées végétales et animales, ainsi que dans certains captages d’eau. On soupçonne que la contamination au chlordécone est corrélée à une augmentation du risque de cancer de la prostate.Les populations guadeloupéenne et martiniquaise, qui vivent une situation unique au monde, demandent depuis de nombreuses années que le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental auquel elles ont à faire face soit reconnu et qu’elles soient indemnisées pour celui-ci. Outre les problèmes engendrés par l’utilisation de ces pesticides, l’économie de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique est également affectée puisqu’il est impossible de vendre sur les marchés des produits agricoles issus des sols contaminés ou des produits de la mer contaminés, agriculteurs et pêcheurs voyant de fait leurs parcelles et zones de pêche réduites.La prise de conscience de cette problématique a conduit l’État à déployer une succession de plans Chlordécone visant à sensibiliser et à protéger les populations, à soutenir les professionnels touchés et à améliorer les connaissances sur les produits utilisés.Depuis 1999, la droite a été la première à édicter un ensemble de mesures sanitaires et agronomiques de protection contre les effets du chlordécone. C’est [PERSONNE], alors premier ministre, qui a lancé pour la première fois en 2008 un plan Chlordécone, reposant sur quarante actions, afin de fédérer l’action de sept ministères et de quinze organismes de recherche. C’est à partir de ce premier plan qu’ont été construits les plans Chlordécone 2011-2013, puis 2014-2020.Les évaluations administratives portant sur ces plans ont cependant estimé que les actions ont été déployées tardivement et qu’elles étaient inadaptées à l’ampleur de la pollution qui exigeait une stratégie à longue échéance. Un nouveau plan, entré en vigueur en février 2021 pour la période 2021-2027, prend en compte des limites des précédents plans.Il appartient à l’État de faire un geste à l’égard des populations touchées. Depuis de nombreuses années, les ministres successifs chargés de l’outre-mer, toutes tendances politiques confondues, se sont mobilisés pour trouver des solutions.L’article 1er reconnaît la responsabilité de la République française pour les préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique et par leurs populations.Le Sénat a souhaité préciser que l’État a « sa part de responsabilité », ce qui n’a pas pour effet d’amoindrir la portée de la reconnaissance, mais de préciser que des coresponsabilités peuvent être recherchées. L’article enjoint par ailleurs l’État à se doter d’un objectif de dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et érige comme priorité nationale la recherche scientifique sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la molécule.Pendant la navette, l’étude et la recherche scientifique ont été élargies aux risques environnementaux et sanitaires représentés par les produits de transformation du chlordécone.Enfin, l’État se voit fixer un objectif d’indemnisation des victimes de contamination et de leurs territoires. Actuellement, il existe une prise en charge des professionnels victimes de pesticides dans le cadre de l’assurance accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles du régime général et des régimes agricoles. Le cancer de la prostate lié aux travaux exposant habituellement aux pesticides, dont le chlordécone, figure désormais au tableau des maladies professionnelles reconnues.Sur l’impulsion notamment de [PERSONNE], ancien député [GROUPE], un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de produits phytopharmaceutiques a été créé. Ce fonds couvre tous les pesticides tels que définis par le droit, c’est-à-dire à la fois les produits phytopharmaceutiques et les produits biocides, dont le chlordécone.Enfin, les autres articles de la proposition de loi prévoient la remise d’un rapport sur une possible extension du périmètre du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides et d’un rapport pour établir la présence ou l’absence de chlordécone dans les sols du territoire national, ainsi que l’inscription dans la loi de l’élaboration et de l’application d’une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée à l’atteinte des objectifs de l’article 1er.Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient l’objectif de ce texte. Il est absolument nécessaire d’éviter qu’un tel drame se reproduise et d’apporter une réponse à toutes les victimes du chlordécone.Le texte issu des travaux du Sénat étant plus équilibré que la rédaction initiale, les députés de notre groupe voteront pour cette proposition de loi, sur laquelle ils souhaitent un vote conforme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA842013",
   "speaker": "Steevy Gustave",
   "quality": "M. Steevy Gustave (EcoS)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113580",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 791,
   "text": "Le chlordécone a cessé d’être utilisé en 1993, mais il n’a jamais quitté la Martinique et la Guadeloupe. Trente-trois ans après son interdiction, il est encore présent dans les sols, dans les eaux et dans l’organisme de la grande majorité des habitants de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Nous débattons donc aujourd’hui non pas d’un scandale du passé, mais d’un scandale qui continue de produire ses effets. Voilà pourquoi le groupe Écologiste et social votera ce texte.Rappelons les faits. Autorisé en 1972, interdit aux États-Unis dès 1976, retiré du marché français en 1990, le chlordécone continue pourtant à être utilisé en Martinique et en Guadeloupe jusqu’en 1993 – trois années supplémentaires dont les conséquences se font encore sentir. Entre 1972 et 1993, près de 300 tonnes de chlordécone ont été répandues dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Aujourd’hui encore, plus de 90 % des adultes de ces territoires présentent des traces de cette molécule dans leur organisme. Certaines terres resteront contaminées pendant des siècles. Derrière les cartes postales de Martinique et de Guadeloupe, il y a aussi cette réalité : des terres contaminées, des cours d’eau touchés et des zones de pêche interdites.Mes chers collègues, quand on parle du chlordécone, on parle souvent des sols. Moi, je voudrais parler d’êtres humains. La Martinique et la Guadeloupe figurent parmi les territoires les plus touchés au monde par le cancer de la prostate. Le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et l’augmentation du risque de développer cette maladie est désormais reconnu. Le scandale du chlordécone se mesure aussi dans les salles d’attente des hôpitaux.Les recherches ont également mis en évidence des risques pour la grossesse et le développement de l’enfant. Elles rappellent surtout que ce scandale ne s’arrête pas à une génération, puisqu’il suscite des interrogations sur l’avenir des enfants qui naissent de nos jours en Martinique et en Guadeloupe.Je pense aussi aux ouvriers agricoles, à ces femmes et à ces hommes qui ont manipulé ces produits pendant des années, souvent avec des protections insuffisantes, parfois à mains nues. Eux aussi ont droit à la vérité et la justice.N’oublions pas que les premières alertes ne sont pas venues des ministères, mais des champs. Dès 1974, des ouvriers agricoles martiniquais alertaient déjà sur les dangers de ces produits. Ils demandaient que leur santé compte autant que les rendements. Leurs alertes n’ont pas été entendues. Cette lutte sociale s’est achevée dans le sang lors des événements de Chalvet, où deux hommes ont perdu la vie.Des femmes et des hommes ont lancé l’alerte. Ils demandaient simplement à être protégés. On ne les a pas écoutés. L’État savait ; et pourtant, les décisions qui auraient dû protéger les populations ont tardé à être prises.L’histoire nous met parfois face aux mêmes questions. Hier, des femmes et des hommes étaient réduits à n’être qu’une force de travail. Plus tard, d’autres ont considéré que des intérêts économiques pouvaient justifier que l’on prenne des risques avec la santé de populations entières. Que vaut la dignité humaine lorsque des intérêts économiques entrent en jeu ?La Martinique et la Guadeloupe connaissent trop bien les blessures qui traversent les générations. Elles savent ce que signifie endurer les conséquences de décisions prises par d’autres. C’est précisément pour cela que la République devrait y être plus exigeante avec elle-même. Non par charité ou par culpabilité, mais par devoir. L’égalité n’est pas seulement un principe que l’on proclame, mais une exigence que l’on démontre. Elle devrait être encore plus forte là où l’histoire a laissé les traces les plus profondes.Au fond, une question demeure. Si les mêmes faits avaient concerné un autre territoire de la République, aurait-on attendu aussi longtemps ? (M. Arnaud Simion applaudit.) Aurait-on accordé les mêmes dérogations ? Je ne prétends pas connaître la réponse. Mais je sais que cette question traverse encore de nombreuses familles de Martinique et de Guadeloupe et je sais qu’une République indivisible ne peut pas avoir plusieurs niveaux de protection selon le territoire où les citoyens vivent.Dès lors que la terre qui nourrit et les ressources maritimes sont durablement touchées, c’est aussi la souveraineté alimentaire de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe qui est fragilisée. Le chlordécone n’a pas créé à lui seul la vie chère, mais il a contribué à affaiblir la souveraineté alimentaire.Les Antillais ne demandent pas la compassion, mais la vérité et la justice. Ils demandent que la République reconnaisse enfin ce qu’ils vivent depuis des décennies. La justice a reconnu les fautes de l’État. À nous, désormais, de prendre nos responsabilités. Ceux qui ont signé les autorisations ont quitté leurs fonctions depuis longtemps. Le chlordécone, lui, est toujours là.Voilà ce que l’histoire retiendra. Elle retiendra qu’un peuple a parlé, qu’il a attendu, qu’il a demandé justice. Aujourd’hui, nous savons. À nous de faire en sorte que l’histoire retienne aussi que la République a fini par répondre. Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe Écologiste et Social votera ce texte, comme je le voterai moi-même.Je finirai par une remarque : ce n’est pas Marine Le Pen qui a parlé la première du chlordécone, mais ma collègue Dominique Voynet en 1997. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
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   "amendments": [],
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113580",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 855,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le chlordécone a cessé d’être utilisé en 1993, mais il n’a jamais quitté la Martinique et la Guadeloupe. Trente-trois ans après son interdiction, il est encore présent dans les sols, dans les eaux et dans l’organisme de la grande majorité des habitants de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Nous débattons donc aujourd’hui non pas d’un scandale du passé, mais d’un scandale qui continue de produire ses effets. Voilà pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] votera ce texte.Rappelons les faits. Autorisé en 1972, interdit aux États-Unis dès 1976, retiré du marché français en 1990, le chlordécone continue pourtant à être utilisé en Martinique et en Guadeloupe jusqu’en 1993 – trois années supplémentaires dont les conséquences se font encore sentir. Entre 1972 et 1993, près de 300 tonnes de chlordécone ont été répandues dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Aujourd’hui encore, plus de 90 % des adultes de ces territoires présentent des traces de cette molécule dans leur organisme. Certaines terres resteront contaminées pendant des siècles. Derrière les cartes postales de Martinique et de Guadeloupe, il y a aussi cette réalité : des terres contaminées, des cours d’eau touchés et des zones de pêche interdites.Mes chers collègues, quand on parle du chlordécone, on parle souvent des sols. Moi, je voudrais parler d’êtres humains. La Martinique et la Guadeloupe figurent parmi les territoires les plus touchés au monde par le cancer de la prostate. Le lien entre l’exposition au chlordécone et l’augmentation du risque de développer cette maladie est désormais reconnu. Le scandale du chlordécone se mesure aussi dans les salles d’attente des hôpitaux.Les recherches ont également mis en évidence des risques pour la grossesse et le développement de l’enfant. Elles rappellent surtout que ce scandale ne s’arrête pas à une génération, puisqu’il suscite des interrogations sur l’avenir des enfants qui naissent de nos jours en Martinique et en Guadeloupe.Je pense aussi aux ouvriers agricoles, à ces femmes et à ces hommes qui ont manipulé ces produits pendant des années, souvent avec des protections insuffisantes, parfois à mains nues. Eux aussi ont droit à la vérité et la justice.N’oublions pas que les premières alertes ne sont pas venues des ministères, mais des champs. Dès 1974, des ouvriers agricoles martiniquais alertaient déjà sur les dangers de ces produits. Ils demandaient que leur santé compte autant que les rendements. Leurs alertes n’ont pas été entendues. Cette lutte sociale s’est achevée dans le sang lors des événements de Chalvet, où deux hommes ont perdu la vie.Des femmes et des hommes ont lancé l’alerte. Ils demandaient simplement à être protégés. On ne les a pas écoutés. L’État savait ; et pourtant, les décisions qui auraient dû protéger les populations ont tardé à être prises.L’histoire nous met parfois face aux mêmes questions. Hier, des femmes et des hommes étaient réduits à n’être qu’une force de travail. Plus tard, d’autres ont considéré que des intérêts économiques pouvaient justifier que l’on prenne des risques avec la santé de populations entières. Que vaut la dignité humaine lorsque des intérêts économiques entrent en jeu ?La Martinique et la Guadeloupe connaissent trop bien les blessures qui traversent les générations. Elles savent ce que signifie endurer les conséquences de décisions prises par d’autres. C’est précisément pour cela que la République devrait y être plus exigeante avec elle-même. Non par charité ou par culpabilité, mais par devoir. L’égalité n’est pas seulement un principe que l’on proclame, mais une exigence que l’on démontre. Elle devrait être encore plus forte là où l’histoire a laissé les traces les plus profondes.Au fond, une question demeure. Si les mêmes faits avaient concerné un autre territoire de la République, aurait-on attendu aussi longtemps ? (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Aurait-on accordé les mêmes dérogations ? Je ne prétends pas connaître la réponse. Mais je sais que cette question traverse encore de nombreuses familles de Martinique et de Guadeloupe et je sais qu’une République indivisible ne peut pas avoir plusieurs niveaux de protection selon le territoire où les citoyens vivent.Dès lors que la terre qui nourrit et les ressources maritimes sont durablement touchées, c’est aussi la souveraineté alimentaire de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe qui est fragilisée. Le chlordécone n’a pas créé à lui seul la vie chère, mais il a contribué à affaiblir la souveraineté alimentaire.Les Antillais ne demandent pas la compassion, mais la vérité et la justice. Ils demandent que la République reconnaisse enfin ce qu’ils vivent depuis des décennies. La justice a reconnu les fautes de l’État. À nous, désormais, de prendre nos responsabilités. Ceux qui ont signé les autorisations ont quitté leurs fonctions depuis longtemps. Le chlordécone, lui, est toujours là.Voilà ce que l’histoire retiendra. Elle retiendra qu’un peuple a parlé, qu’il a attendu, qu’il a demandé justice. Aujourd’hui, nous savons. À nous de faire en sorte que l’histoire retienne aussi que la République a fini par répondre. Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] votera ce texte, comme je le voterai moi-même.Je finirai par une remarque : ce n’est pas [PERSONNE] qui a parlé la première du chlordécone, mais ma collègue [PERSONNE] en 1997. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793556",
   "speaker": "Sabine Gervais",
   "quality": "Mme Sabine Gervais (Dem)",
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   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113597",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 808,
   "text": "Nous sommes réunis dans cet hémicycle pour évoquer un sujet particulièrement sensible, tant il suscite d’émotion, d’incompréhension et de colère chez nous, chez nos compatriotes antillais. Vous le savez, le chlordécone, ce pesticide utilisé dans les bananeraies de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe de 1972 à 1993 pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier, a laissé des traces indélébiles.Après plus de vingt ans d’utilisation, les études toxicologiques sont unanimes : le chlordécone a entraîné une pollution des sols, des eaux usées, des eaux de rivière et du milieu marin dans les zones concernées. De nombreux aliments locaux, principalement les légumes-racines, les poissons et crustacés, ainsi que les œufs issus de poulaillers particuliers peuvent être contaminés, notamment dans les zones réputées les plus exposées en raison de la présence ancienne de bananeraies. (L’hémicycle s’emplit progressivement en vue du vote solennel. – Bruit croissant dû aux allées et venues et aux conversations dans les travées.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 808,
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113597",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 154,
   "annotation_id": "N6b6c0b5b7a5b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes réunis dans cet hémicycle pour évoquer un sujet particulièrement sensible, tant il suscite d’émotion, d’incompréhension et de colère chez nous, chez nos compatriotes antillais. Vous le savez, le chlordécone, ce pesticide utilisé dans les bananeraies de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe de 1972 à 1993 pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier, a laissé des traces indélébiles.Après plus de vingt ans d’utilisation, les études toxicologiques sont unanimes : le chlordécone a entraîné une pollution des sols, des eaux usées, des eaux de rivière et du milieu marin dans les zones concernées. De nombreux aliments locaux, principalement les légumes-racines, les poissons et crustacés, ainsi que les œufs issus de poulaillers particuliers peuvent être contaminés, notamment dans les zones réputées les plus exposées en raison de la présence ancienne de bananeraies. (L’hémicycle s’emplit progressivement en vue du vote solennel. – Bruit croissant dû aux allées et venues et aux conversations dans les travées.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259",
   "date": "2026-06-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30660",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 02 juin 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793556",
   "speaker": "Sabine Gervais",
   "quality": "Mme Sabine Gervais",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113600",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4113600"
   ],
   "order": 811,
   "text": "C’est, en somme, toute la chaîne alimentaire des populations guadeloupéenne et martiniquaise qui a été contaminée en toute impunité. Vous le savez, cette pollution ne s’arrêtera pas demain : elle perdurera pendant sept cents ans, affectant les générations futures.Nous saluons le travail des associations et des élus qui se battent depuis des années pour obtenir la reconnaissance d’un scandale sanitaire, ainsi que la réparation et la prise en charge des victimes.Votre proposition de loi, monsieur le rapporteur Califer, constitue une nouvelle expression de ce combat, qui vise à faire valoir des demandes pleinement légitimes. Ce travail n’est pas symbolique : il répond à une exigence profonde des Antillais.Il existe, de toute évidence, une responsabilité partagée entre les acteurs économiques et les gouvernements de l’époque qui, en toute connaissance de cause, ont autorisé l’épandage de produits à base de chlordécone à titre dérogatoire jusqu’en 1993. Ceux qui ont fabriqué, ceux qui ont autorisé et ceux qui ont utilisé le chlordécone portent une responsabilité conjointe. Le dire ne revient pas à exonérer l’État de la sienne.Depuis 2018, après que le président de la République Emmanuel Macron a solennellement reconnu pour la première fois – nous devons le lui reconnaître – que l’État devait assumer sa part de responsabilité dans cette pollution, les réponses concrètes se sont multipliées : les plans Chlordécone successifs, la gratuité des tests sanguins, la reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate comme maladie professionnelle, l’inclusion de l’exposition au chlordécone parmi les causes de prise en charge par le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides, la compensation des dommages économiques et le soutien financier à la recherche. Le chemin est long ; nous avons posé les fondations et il faut désormais continuer.Cependant, nous sommes ici en présence de demandes d’une autre nature. Nos compatriotes antillais adressent à l’État une exigence de transparence accrue et de mémoire collective. C’est un premier pas vers la guérison, une volonté de restaurer la confiance et d’éviter que des événements similaires ne se reproduisent. Nous y voyons une réponse nécessaire à un ressentiment légitime, profondément ancré dans la relation entre les Antilles et la métropole.C’est dans cet esprit que le groupe Les Démocrates votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem. – Mme Stella Dupont applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Responsabilité de l’État et indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone / Explications de vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 811,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N259-4113600",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "words": 379,
   "annotation_id": "Nd95e0b964c98",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BIQR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est, en somme, toute la chaîne alimentaire des populations guadeloupéenne et martiniquaise qui a été contaminée en toute impunité. Vous le savez, cette pollution ne s’arrêtera pas demain : elle perdurera pendant sept cents ans, affectant les générations futures.Nous saluons le travail des associations et des élus qui se battent depuis des années pour obtenir la reconnaissance d’un scandale sanitaire, ainsi que la réparation et la prise en charge des victimes.Votre proposition de loi, monsieur le rapporteur Califer, constitue une nouvelle expression de ce combat, qui vise à faire valoir des demandes pleinement légitimes. Ce travail n’est pas symbolique : il répond à une exigence profonde des Antillais.Il existe, de toute évidence, une responsabilité partagée entre les acteurs économiques et les gouvernements de l’époque qui, en toute connaissance de cause, ont autorisé l’épandage de produits à base de chlordécone à titre dérogatoire jusqu’en 1993. Ceux qui ont fabriqué, ceux qui ont autorisé et ceux qui ont utilisé le chlordécone portent une responsabilité conjointe. Le dire ne revient pas à exonérer l’État de la sienne.Depuis 2018, après que le président de la République [PERSONNE] a solennellement reconnu pour la première fois – nous devons le lui reconnaître – que l’État devait assumer sa part de responsabilité dans cette pollution, les réponses concrètes se sont multipliées : les plans Chlordécone successifs, la gratuité des tests sanguins, la reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate comme maladie professionnelle, l’inclusion de l’exposition au chlordécone parmi les causes de prise en charge par le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides, la compensation des dommages économiques et le soutien financier à la recherche. Le chemin est long ; nous avons posé les fondations et il faut désormais continuer.Cependant, nous sommes ici en présence de demandes d’une autre nature. Nos compatriotes antillais adressent à l’État une exigence de transparence accrue et de mémoire collective. C’est un premier pas vers la guérison, une volonté de restaurer la confiance et d’éviter que des événements similaires ne se reproduisent. Nous y voyons une réponse nécessaire à un ressentiment légitime, profondément ancré dans la relation entre les Antilles et la métropole.C’est dans cet esprit que le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036",
   "date": "2024-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28623",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 05 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036-3554497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 140,
   "text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 100, relatif au déroulement de nos débats. On se rend compte, avec cette dernière prise de parole, que vous ne voulez pas qu’on avance dans le débat sur la santé. Depuis cet après-midi, vous ne voulez pas parler de santé. (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Après l’article 18 (suite)",
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   "r": "D",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 100, relatif au déroulement de nos débats. On se rend compte, avec cette dernière prise de parole, que vous ne voulez pas qu’on avance dans le débat sur la santé. Depuis cet après-midi, vous ne voulez pas parler de santé. (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036",
   "date": "2024-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28623",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 05 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fe61717b53d538dd29d8c1611f1ff51a03dfefebbe451ef27387c91d1e1ca76d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036-3554507",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3554507"
   ],
   "order": 149,
   "text": "Laissez-moi vous rappeler une chose : le sort des Padhue a été réglé par une proposition de loi que j’ai présentée l’année dernière, que votre groupe n’a pas votée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Après l’article 18 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3554249",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 149,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036-3554507",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "Nf94a7636b755",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Laissez-moi vous rappeler une chose : le sort des Padhue a été réglé par une proposition de loi que j’ai présentée l’année dernière, que votre groupe n’a pas votée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036",
   "date": "2024-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28623",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 05 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fe61717b53d538dd29d8c1611f1ff51a03dfefebbe451ef27387c91d1e1ca76d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036-3554509",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3554509"
   ],
   "order": 151,
   "text": "Cette question, je la règle, tandis que vous, vous ne la regardez pas. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Cette affaire pourrait être réglée très rapidement. Quand j’ai demandé hier un nouveau vote sur la taxe soda, il a fallu deux minutes à la présidence pour constater que le nouveau vote était de droit et l’organiser. Cette polémique que vous créez est idiote. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Après l’article 18 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3554249",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 151,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036-3554509",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N5ecd58cc48fb",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cette question, je la règle, tandis que vous, vous ne la regardez pas. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Cette affaire pourrait être réglée très rapidement. Quand j’ai demandé hier un nouveau vote sur la taxe soda, il a fallu deux minutes à la présidence pour constater que le nouveau vote était de droit et l’organiser. Cette polémique que vous créez est idiote. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036",
   "date": "2024-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28623",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 05 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fe61717b53d538dd29d8c1611f1ff51a03dfefebbe451ef27387c91d1e1ca76d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036-3554955",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3554955"
   ],
   "order": 211,
   "text": "Peut-être n’ai-je pas été très clair tout à l’heure, j’essaierai de l’être cette fois. Je précise bien que je ne souhaite pas créer d’incident de procédure. Je demande simplement, par parallélisme des formes après le vote d’hier sur l’amendement relatif à la taxe sur les sodas, que nous puissions, le moment venu – pas tout de suite mais peut-être en fin de séance – procéder à une seconde délibération sur les amendements de M. Clouet et de M. Garot, comme j’en ai le droit en tant que président de commission. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Cela est laissé à votre appréciation, madame la présidente.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 18 (suite)",
   "article": "Après l’article 18 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3554951",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 211,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N036-3554955",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N6aebb6fd7426",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Peut-être n’ai-je pas été très clair tout à l’heure, j’essaierai de l’être cette fois. Je précise bien que je ne souhaite pas créer d’incident de procédure. Je demande simplement, par parallélisme des formes après le vote d’hier sur l’amendement relatif à la taxe sur les sodas, que nous puissions, le moment venu – pas tout de suite mais peut-être en fin de séance – procéder à une seconde délibération sur les amendements de M. Clouet et de M. Garot, comme j’en ai le droit en tant que président de commission. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Cela est laissé à votre appréciation, madame la présidente."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30028",
   "title": "Troisième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5d8dc225887459048371ec3bd47720db08c690871d01b4311688167f52f2fb6d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084-3960908",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960908"
   ],
   "order": 560,
   "text": "Cet article vise à organiser la chasse aux arrêts de travail, dont vous estimez qu’ils ne sont pas légitimes. Moi, je veux rappeler ici, de manière assez forte, que c’est le médecin qui doit décider de l’arrêt de travail, en concertation avec son patient, et de sa durée.Limiter les arrêts de travail, c’est dangereux. Un salarié du secteur du bâtiment court un danger s’il grimpe sur un échafaudage avec une fièvre à 40o C ; un malade de la grippe, s’il se rend au bureau, risque de contaminer ses collègues de bureau, dont des personnes peut-être vulnérables.Les arrêts de travail contribuent à la santé publique. Cessez de leur donner la chasse ! (Mme Sandrine Rousseau applaudit.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 28",
   "article": "Article 28",
   "article_id": "3960983",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 560,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084-3960908",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "Na9dbecea5ad0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article vise à organiser la chasse aux arrêts de travail, dont vous estimez qu’ils ne sont pas légitimes. Moi, je veux rappeler ici, de manière assez forte, que c’est le médecin qui doit décider de l’arrêt de travail, en concertation avec son patient, et de sa durée.Limiter les arrêts de travail, c’est dangereux. Un salarié du secteur du bâtiment court un danger s’il grimpe sur un échafaudage avec une fièvre à 40o C ; un malade de la grippe, s’il se rend au bureau, risque de contaminer ses collègues de bureau, dont des personnes peut-être vulnérables.Les arrêts de travail contribuent à la santé publique. Cessez de leur donner la chasse ! (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30028",
   "title": "Troisième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5d8dc225887459048371ec3bd47720db08c690871d01b4311688167f52f2fb6d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841947",
   "speaker": "Zahia Hamdane",
   "quality": "Mme Zahia Hamdane",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084-3960913",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960913"
   ],
   "order": 565,
   "text": "Dans son principe même, l’article 28 est inacceptable : il vise à réduire les droits des travailleurs malades, en particulier celles et ceux concernés par une incapacité temporaire, en organisant une bascule accélérée vers l’incapacité permanente, avant même que leur état de santé ne soit stabilisé.Cette mesure est brutale. Elle menace de laisser sans ressources des personnes trop fragiles pour reprendre un emploi et dont l’incapacité ne sera pas reconnue à temps par l’administration.On demande à des corps blessés de payer pour les économies du gouvernement. Que nous dit ce choix politique ? Que la priorité n’est pas la santé, mais la ligne budgétaire, que l’on contrôle, que l’on restreint, que l’on coupe, mais toujours du côté des assurés sociaux, alors que les causes des arrêts, elles, ne sont jamais traitées.Les conditions de travail dégradées, l’usure des postes, les employeurs négligents… Notre collègue Ségolène Amiot nous interpellait mardi sur le titre de championne d’Europe des morts au travail détenu par la France. On cible les malades, pas ce qui les rend malades. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Pour toutes ces raisons, et parce que la sécurité sociale n’a pas été créée pour traquer les arrêts mais pour protéger les travailleurs, nous demandons la suppression de l’article 28. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 28 / ",
   "article": "Article 28",
   "article_id": "3960983",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 565,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084-3960913",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 215,
   "annotation_id": "N6e4f9cdbb055",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans son principe même, l’article 28 est inacceptable : il vise à réduire les droits des travailleurs malades, en particulier celles et ceux concernés par une incapacité temporaire, en organisant une bascule accélérée vers l’incapacité permanente, avant même que leur état de santé ne soit stabilisé.Cette mesure est brutale. Elle menace de laisser sans ressources des personnes trop fragiles pour reprendre un emploi et dont l’incapacité ne sera pas reconnue à temps par l’administration.On demande à des corps blessés de payer pour les économies du gouvernement. Que nous dit ce choix politique ? Que la priorité n’est pas la santé, mais la ligne budgétaire, que l’on contrôle, que l’on restreint, que l’on coupe, mais toujours du côté des assurés sociaux, alors que les causes des arrêts, elles, ne sont jamais traitées.Les conditions de travail dégradées, l’usure des postes, les employeurs négligents… Notre collègue [PERSONNE] nous interpellait mardi sur le titre de championne d’Europe des morts au travail détenu par la France. On cible les malades, pas ce qui les rend malades. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Pour toutes ces raisons, et parce que la sécurité sociale n’a pas été créée pour traquer les arrêts mais pour protéger les travailleurs, nous demandons la suppression de l’article 28. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30028",
   "title": "Troisième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5d8dc225887459048371ec3bd47720db08c690871d01b4311688167f52f2fb6d",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084-3961383",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3961383"
   ],
   "order": 1017,
   "text": "Cet article important sur l’Ondam suscite beaucoup d’attentes – comme l’ont prouvé les multiples questions concernant ses répercussions sur les franchises sur les médicaments, sur les cures thermales, sur le fonds d’intervention régional (FIR) pour l’outre-mer, sur les Ehpad, etc. Si nous examinons ces amendements maintenant, je vais bêtement en demander le retrait afin d’attendre l’amendement du gouvernement : cette méthode n’est pas la bonne. Si l’article 49 doit être modifié, ne vaut-il pas mieux le réserver et renvoyer son examen à mardi, avant le vote solennel ? (Applaudissements sur divers bancs.) Notre travail serait ainsi plus sérieux : après avoir commis plusieurs incohérences qui amèneront nécessairement de nouvelles délibérations, ne multiplions pas les articles qui seront concernés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 / ",
   "article": "Article 49",
   "article_id": "3961372",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1017,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N084-3961383",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "Ne20f75057b65",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article important sur l’Ondam suscite beaucoup d’attentes – comme l’ont prouvé les multiples questions concernant ses répercussions sur les franchises sur les médicaments, sur les cures thermales, sur le fonds d’intervention régional (FIR) pour l’outre-mer, sur les Ehpad, etc. Si nous examinons ces amendements maintenant, je vais bêtement en demander le retrait afin d’attendre l’amendement du gouvernement : cette méthode n’est pas la bonne. Si l’article 49 doit être modifié, ne vaut-il pas mieux le réserver et renvoyer son examen à mardi, avant le vote solennel ? (Applaudissements sur divers bancs.) Notre travail serait ainsi plus sérieux : après avoir commis plusieurs incohérences qui amèneront nécessairement de nouvelles délibérations, ne multiplions pas les articles qui seront concernés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28621",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.xml",
   "source_sha256": "4643081ed89fef9ab37ec135d6e72d5d1340eed2ca69031f92a1ebb92f675604",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA588884",
   "speaker": "Clémentine Autain",
   "quality": "Mme Clémentine Autain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024-3539741",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3539741"
   ],
   "order": 154,
   "text": "Évidemment, cela ne marche pas ! Et quand on vous propose de nouvelles recettes, justement pour répondre aux nouveaux besoins, cette logique ne rentre visiblement pas dans votre cerveau. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes DR et HOR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Avant la première partie / Article liminaire / ",
   "article": "Article liminaire",
   "article_id": "3538988",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 154,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024-3539741",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N6fd13e4bf94d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Évidemment, cela ne marche pas ! Et quand on vous propose de nouvelles recettes, justement pour répondre aux nouveaux besoins, cette logique ne rentre visiblement pas dans votre cerveau. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes DR et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28621",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.xml",
   "source_sha256": "4643081ed89fef9ab37ec135d6e72d5d1340eed2ca69031f92a1ebb92f675604",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA588884",
   "speaker": "Clémentine Autain",
   "quality": "Mme Clémentine Autain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024-3539765",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3539765"
   ],
   "order": 156,
   "text": "Il est important de se mettre cela en tête alors que vous ne tendez depuis quarante ans qu’à privatiser la sécurité sociale ; alors que M. Kasbarian nous explique que les fonctionnaires, c’est-à-dire ceux qui œuvrent au service de l’esprit public (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et sur quelques bancs du groupe GDR), devront, en matière de jours de carence, s’aligner sur le privé ; alors que notre société est en train de crever de cette infiltration de la rentabilité dans les comptes sociaux, les services publics !Si vous n’êtes pas capables de penser recettes, vous ne trouverez pas de solution pour répondre aux besoins de la population. Les gisements ne manquent pas. Augmentez les salaires, les cotisations rapporteront davantage. Taxez les hyper-riches, les revenus du capital, qui ont explosé ; taxez le sucre, le gras, tout ce qui fait du mal à la société !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Avant la première partie / Article liminaire / ",
   "article": "Article liminaire",
   "article_id": "3538988",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 156,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024-3539765",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 148,
   "annotation_id": "Ne45ab95d6b11",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important de se mettre cela en tête alors que vous ne tendez depuis quarante ans qu’à privatiser la sécurité sociale ; alors que M. Kasbarian nous explique que les fonctionnaires, c’est-à-dire ceux qui œuvrent au service de l’esprit public (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), devront, en matière de jours de carence, s’aligner sur le privé ; alors que notre société est en train de crever de cette infiltration de la rentabilité dans les comptes sociaux, les services publics !Si vous n’êtes pas capables de penser recettes, vous ne trouverez pas de solution pour répondre aux besoins de la population. Les gisements ne manquent pas. Augmentez les salaires, les cotisations rapporteront davantage. Taxez les hyper-riches, les revenus du capital, qui ont explosé ; taxez le sucre, le gras, tout ce qui fait du mal à la société !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28621",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024.xml",
   "source_sha256": "4643081ed89fef9ab37ec135d6e72d5d1340eed2ca69031f92a1ebb92f675604",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA588884",
   "speaker": "Clémentine Autain",
   "quality": "Mme Clémentine Autain",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024-3539768",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3539768"
   ],
   "order": 159,
   "text": "Cessez de nous répéter qu’il faut valider des comptes dont les concepteurs ne s’attaquent jamais à la question des recettes, de refuser toutes les nouvelles ressources que nous vous proposons. Ne nous racontez pas qu’en l’état, nos finances pourront faire face à l’allongement de la durée de la vie, au nombre toujours croissant de personnes âgées que nous devrons aider.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Avant la première partie / Article liminaire / ",
   "article": "Article liminaire",
   "article_id": "3538988",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 159,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N024-3539768",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "Nca0013a3b8db",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cessez de nous répéter qu’il faut valider des comptes dont les concepteurs ne s’attaquent jamais à la question des recettes, de refuser toutes les nouvelles ressources que nous vous proposons. Ne nous racontez pas qu’en l’état, nos finances pourront faire face à l’allongement de la durée de la vie, au nombre toujours croissant de personnes âgées que nous devrons aider."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058",
   "date": "2024-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28738",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 02 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f6420c1c18bb88c23cb9cf8c6ce3cedecc4ea33987cbeb1ad1ccbc3446802e39",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581987",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3581987"
   ],
   "order": 59,
   "text": "Nous sommes donc fiers de vous présenter le texte dont sont à présent saisies les deux assemblées. Ne vous y trompez pas : comme j’ai déjà eu l’occasion de le dire à plusieurs reprises, le texte en question n’est pas parfait. J’ai cependant conscience des délais restreints qu’a dû respecter le gouvernement lors de la rédaction de ce projet de loi.Le texte proposé initialement avait pour ambition de freiner les dépenses. Étant donné l’état de nos finances publiques et de la sécurité sociale, c’était déjà une grande vertu. La logique du rabot a naturellement créé des insatisfactions, d’autant que les deux mois de discussions parlementaires n’ont pas permis de le compléter par des mesures structurelles, dont notre système de santé et de protection sociale a pourtant besoin. La méthode de construction du texte avec les parlementaires doit être améliorée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 59,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581987",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "N8ea46ef1bbd0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes donc fiers de vous présenter le texte dont sont à présent saisies les deux assemblées. Ne vous y trompez pas : comme j’ai déjà eu l’occasion de le dire à plusieurs reprises, le texte en question n’est pas parfait. J’ai cependant conscience des délais restreints qu’a dû respecter le gouvernement lors de la rédaction de ce projet de loi.Le texte proposé initialement avait pour ambition de freiner les dépenses. Étant donné l’état de nos finances publiques et de la sécurité sociale, c’était déjà une grande vertu. La logique du rabot a naturellement créé des insatisfactions, d’autant que les deux mois de discussions parlementaires n’ont pas permis de le compléter par des mesures structurelles, dont notre système de santé et de protection sociale a pourtant besoin. La méthode de construction du texte avec les parlementaires doit être améliorée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058",
   "date": "2024-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28738",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 02 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f6420c1c18bb88c23cb9cf8c6ce3cedecc4ea33987cbeb1ad1ccbc3446802e39",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581990",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3581990"
   ],
   "order": 62,
   "text": "Une collaboration plus étroite, dès les premiers jours de nos travaux, aurait permis d’éviter certains blocages – je pense à l’article 6, relatif aux allégements de cotisations sociales patronales, très tardivement ajusté, mais aussi à l’article 23, portant sur le report d’indexation des retraites. Les députés de plusieurs groupes ont très vite alerté en vain le gouvernement sur ces deux sujets majeurs. Ils ont eu le sentiment de n’être ni écoutés, ni entendus, et ce pendant de nombreuses semaines. Je ne peux que déplorer cette situation.Les discussions à l’Assemblée nationale ont néanmoins permis plusieurs vraies avancées, qui ont été reprises dans le texte soumis à notre vote : la taxe sur les boissons sucrées, la pérennisation de l’autorisation faite aux infirmiers de délivrer des certificats de décès, l’accès direct aux psychologues, notamment dans le cadre du dispositif Mon soutien psy, ou encore l’obligation de mener une réflexion sur la pertinence des dépenses de santé. Ce sont autant de victoires issues de nos rangs.Pour autant, chacun des groupes qui composent notre hémicycle est-il pleinement satisfait ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 62,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581990",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 175,
   "annotation_id": "Nafb46c130941",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Une collaboration plus étroite, dès les premiers jours de nos travaux, aurait permis d’éviter certains blocages – je pense à l’article 6, relatif aux allégements de cotisations sociales patronales, très tardivement ajusté, mais aussi à l’article 23, portant sur le report d’indexation des retraites. Les députés de plusieurs groupes ont très vite alerté en vain le gouvernement sur ces deux sujets majeurs. Ils ont eu le sentiment de n’être ni écoutés, ni entendus, et ce pendant de nombreuses semaines. Je ne peux que déplorer cette situation.Les discussions à l’Assemblée nationale ont néanmoins permis plusieurs vraies avancées, qui ont été reprises dans le texte soumis à notre vote : la taxe sur les boissons sucrées, la pérennisation de l’autorisation faite aux infirmiers de délivrer des certificats de décès, l’accès direct aux psychologues, notamment dans le cadre du dispositif Mon soutien psy, ou encore l’obligation de mener une réflexion sur la pertinence des dépenses de santé. Ce sont autant de victoires issues de nos rangs.Pour autant, chacun des groupes qui composent notre hémicycle est-il pleinement satisfait ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058",
   "date": "2024-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28738",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 02 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f6420c1c18bb88c23cb9cf8c6ce3cedecc4ea33987cbeb1ad1ccbc3446802e39",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581994",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3581994"
   ],
   "order": 66,
   "text": "Bien sûr que non. Mais ce texte a au moins le mérite d’exister et d’offrir une réponse satisfaisante à des questions importantes pour nos compatriotes et notre pays. Permet-il de continuer à assurer aux Français un niveau élevé de protection sociale ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 66,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581994",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "N5ffdc370244e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Bien sûr que non. Mais ce texte a au moins le mérite d’exister et d’offrir une réponse satisfaisante à des questions importantes pour nos compatriotes et notre pays. Permet-il de continuer à assurer aux Français un niveau élevé de protection sociale ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058",
   "date": "2024-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28738",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 02 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f6420c1c18bb88c23cb9cf8c6ce3cedecc4ea33987cbeb1ad1ccbc3446802e39",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720878",
   "speaker": "Laurent Saint-Martin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581804",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3581804"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "Le Premier ministre a assumé d’entrée de jeu que le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 était perfectible, pourvu que le cadre de responsabilité soit respecté. Ce cadre, vous le connaissez ; nous en avons longuement débattu, comme nous en avons débattu avec vos collègues du Sénat. Le gouvernement n’a qu’un seul objectif : contenir le déficit autour 5 % du PIB dès l’an prochain, afin d’être en mesure de le ramener sous la barre des 3 % à l’horizon 2029. C’est tout simplement le niveau qui nous permettra de stabiliser, puis de réduire notre endettement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 92,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581804",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "Naeea279a202c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le Premier ministre a assumé d’entrée de jeu que le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 était perfectible, pourvu que le cadre de responsabilité soit respecté. Ce cadre, vous le connaissez ; nous en avons longuement débattu, comme nous en avons débattu avec vos collègues du Sénat. Le gouvernement n’a qu’un seul objectif : contenir le déficit autour 5 % du PIB dès l’an prochain, afin d’être en mesure de le ramener sous la barre des 3 % à l’horizon 2029. C’est tout simplement le niveau qui nous permettra de stabiliser, puis de réduire notre endettement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058",
   "date": "2024-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28738",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 02 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f6420c1c18bb88c23cb9cf8c6ce3cedecc4ea33987cbeb1ad1ccbc3446802e39",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720878",
   "speaker": "Laurent Saint-Martin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581806",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3581806"
   ],
   "order": 94,
   "text": "Le gouvernement a proposé un effort inédit de 60 milliards d’euros, mais c’est un effort équilibré, qui porte aux deux tiers sur la baisse des dépenses, et c’est un effort partagé, équitablement réparti entre toutes les administrations publiques, à commencer par l’État.Tout au long des débats, à l’Assemblée nationale comme au Sénat, je n’ai jamais dévié de ce cap. Je n’ai jamais dévié non plus des engagements que j’ai pris devant vous dès la présentation du texte. J’ai toujours veillé au respect de vos prérogatives. Je vous ai toujours transmis sans délai les informations nouvelles susceptibles d’éclairer nos échanges dès lors qu’elles étaient portées à ma connaissance.Surtout, le gouvernement n’a jamais refusé le débat. (« C’est faux ! » sur les bancs du groupe SOC.) Il a toujours considéré toutes les propositions, issues de tous les bancs, sans distinction, dès lors que nous étions d’accord, à la fin, pour rééquilibrer progressivement les comptes. Nous avons été à l’écoute de vos alertes, de vos remontées, de vos observations.Du fait de l’application des délais constitutionnels, les débats, en première lecture, n’ont pas pu aller à leur terme à l’Assemblée nationale. Cela ne signifie pas pour autant qu’ils n’ont pas été pris en compte. Comme vous l’aurez remarqué, le gouvernement a fait le choix de ne pas repartir de la version initiale du texte lors de son examen au Sénat, ainsi que l’y autorise pourtant la Constitution, mais de reprendre plus d’une trentaine d’amendements issus de toutes les sensibilités politiques.Le texte qui vous est soumis aujourd’hui est donc un texte complété, amélioré, enrichi par les compromis trouvés en commission mixte paritaire. Le gouvernement a entendu les parlementaires de tous les groupes, qui ont appelé à modérer l’effort demandé aux entreprises, au titre de la réforme des allégements généraux de cotisation : la cible d’économies, qui était fixée à 4 milliards d’euros dans le texte initial, est ramenée à 1,6 milliard. En outre, le dispositif d’exonération spécifique aux outre-mer sera préservé.Nous protégeons le pouvoir d’achat des retraités. Toutes les retraites seront bien revalorisées dès le 1er janvier, et nous ferons un effort complémentaire à l’été pour les petites retraites, dont le niveau sera bel et bien indexé sur l’inflation.Nous préservons l’apprentissage, en limitant aux seuls nouveaux contrats l’assujettissement partiel des apprentis à la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG), sans rétroactivité.Nous modérons l’effort demandé aux employeurs territoriaux et hospitaliers au titre du relèvement du taux de cotisation à la Caisse nationale de retraite des agents des collectivités locales, la CNRACL. Le rehaussement de 12 points du taux de cotisation sera étalé sur quatre ans, au lieu des trois initialement prévus, sans baisse de l’Ondam, l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie, à due concurrence. Nous avons entendu les observations que les élus locaux et leurs représentants nous ont adressées sur ce point.Nous améliorons par ailleurs la situation financière des hôpitaux et des établissements médico-sociaux, avec un effort complémentaire de 700 millions d’euros. Cet effort est financé par les marges de manœuvre que nous dégageons, dans le cadre des mesures relatives à la CNRACL et à la lutte contre l’absentéisme.Comme l’a annoncé le premier ministre, nous rehaussons à hauteur de 200 millions d’euros les moyens nouveaux affectés aux départements par la branche autonomie, tout en simplifiant considérablement l’architecture de ces concours. Au total, les financements de la branche autonomie aux départements et aux maisons départementales des personnes handicapées auront ainsi pratiquement doublé par rapport à 2019 ; ils atteindront, à périmètre constant, près de 6 milliards d’euros en 2025. Les départements jouent un rôle essentiel dans la prise en charge de nos aînés ; l’État sera plus que jamais à leurs côtés.Enfin, le gouvernement a annoncé ce matin son engagement d’abandonner le déremboursement des médicaments par voie réglementaire.À l’issue de l’examen parlementaire, le déficit des régimes obligatoires de base et du fonds de solidarité vieillesse (FSV) s’établirait à 18,3 milliards d’euros en 2025, contre 16 milliards dans la copie initiale du gouvernement et 15 milliards à l’issue de l’examen au Sénat – nous aurons l’occasion d’y revenir lors de la présentation des amendements à l’article d’équilibre. C’est un bon compromis, un compromis responsable, qui représente un effort de freinage réel de la dépense sociale, mais un effort de freinage proportionné, qui préserve notre capacité à protéger les Français.Au total, et par rapport au texte initial du gouvernement, les dépenses des régimes obligatoires de base et du FSV progresseront de 2,7 %, contre 2,8 %. Cela représente un freinage de 0,6 milliard d’euros supplémentaires, reflétant principalement l’effort demandé par la CMP sur l’Ondam et la gestion des caisses de sécurité sociale.Ainsi, les dépenses de la branche maladie progresseront de 2,2 %. Celles de la branche vieillesse et de la branche autonomie seront plus dynamiques. Les dépenses des branches famille et accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles (AT-MP) maintiendront, comme dans le texte initial, une progression de 3,1 % et de 6,3 % en 2025.Les recettes de la sécurité sociale s’établiront, quant à elles, 2,8 milliards en deçà de l’équilibre du texte initial et progresseront, elles aussi, de 2,7 % en 2025. Ces moindres recettes résultent en partie de la moindre dynamique des remises sur les médicaments, à hauteur de 1,2 milliard d’euros, en partie contrebalancée par les recettes attendues au titre de la clause de sauvegarde sur les dispositifs médicaux.Les travaux parlementaires ont, en contrepartie, permis de dégager 1,1 milliard de recettes supplémentaires, grâce au relèvement du taux de contribution sur les attributions gratuites d’actions, aux mesures de fiscalité comportementale portant sur les sodas et les jeux d’argent, mais aussi grâce aux économies supplémentaires introduites par la CMP sur les niches sociales.Le texte issu de la CMP est un texte de compromis qui permet des avancées significatives, au bénéfice de l’ensemble des Français, et que je veux ici rappeler.Il s’agit des mesures en faveur des agriculteurs auxquelles le gouvernement s’est engagé à la suite de la crise de l’an dernier. Avec ce PLFSS, nous renforçons et nous pérennisons les dispositifs d’exonération de cotisations sociales dont bénéficient les agriculteurs, en particulier au titre de l’emploi de travailleurs saisonniers. Nous avançons également au 1er janvier 2026 l’entrée en vigueur du nouveau mode de calcul des retraites agricoles. C’est un gain pour l’ensemble du monde agricole et, à ce titre, nous avons besoin de ce texte.Il s’agit de la revalorisation des personnels soignants : 1,6 milliard d’euros seront ainsi consacrés aux revalorisations conventionnelles en ville en 2025, dont 1 milliard pour les médecins.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 94,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581806",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 1071,
   "annotation_id": "Nfdb08c3f8612",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "2025.Les recettes de la sécurité sociale s’établiront, quant à elles, 2,8 milliards en deçà de l’équilibre du texte initial et progresseront, elles aussi, de 2,7 % en 2025. Ces moindres recettes résultent en partie de la moindre dynamique des remises sur les médicaments, à hauteur de 1,2 milliard d’euros, en partie contrebalancée par les recettes attendues au titre de la clause de sauvegarde sur les dispositifs médicaux.Les travaux parlementaires ont, en contrepartie, permis de dégager 1,1 milliard de recettes supplémentaires, grâce au relèvement du taux de contribution sur les attributions gratuites d’actions, aux mesures de fiscalité comportementale portant sur les sodas et les jeux d’argent, mais aussi grâce aux économies supplémentaires introduites par la CMP sur les niches sociales.Le texte issu de la CMP est un texte de compromis qui permet des avancées significatives, au bénéfice de l’ensemble des Français, et que je veux ici rappeler.Il s’agit des mesures en faveur des agriculteurs auxquelles le gouvernement s’est engagé à la suite de la crise de l’an dernier. Avec ce PLFSS, nous renforçons et nous pérennisons les dispositifs d’exonération de cotisations sociales dont bénéficient les agriculteurs, en particulier au titre de l’emploi de travailleurs saisonniers. Nous avançons également au 1er janvier 2026"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058",
   "date": "2024-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28738",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 02 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f6420c1c18bb88c23cb9cf8c6ce3cedecc4ea33987cbeb1ad1ccbc3446802e39",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720878",
   "speaker": "Laurent Saint-Martin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581826",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3581826"
   ],
   "order": 114,
   "text": "Pour permettre ces avancées, nous avons besoin de ce texte.Il s’agit du fonctionnement de nos hôpitaux, qui recevront, au sein de l’Ondam, plus de 3 milliards de financements supplémentaires en 2025 mais, pour cela, nous avons besoin de ce texte.Il s’agit des hausses d’effectifs dans les Ehpad et des mesures en faveur de la prise en charge de l’autonomie. Au total, les dépenses de la branche autonomie progresseront de 2,7 milliards en 2025,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 114,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N058-3581826",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "Nf9b4698663e2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour permettre ces avancées, nous avons besoin de ce texte.Il s’agit du fonctionnement de nos hôpitaux, qui recevront, au sein de l’Ondam, plus de 3 milliards de financements supplémentaires en 2025 mais, pour cela, nous avons besoin de ce texte.Il s’agit des hausses d’effectifs dans les Ehpad et des mesures en faveur de la prise en charge de l’autonomie. Au total, les dépenses de la branche autonomie progresseront de 2,7 milliards en 2025,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29958",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_sha256": "322b753ee0695bd8a6e1ef0728fdb13b88506d014046fcc573506db194401631",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3900671",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900671"
   ],
   "order": 11,
   "text": "Au titre de l’article 49, alinéa 15 de notre règlement, qui dispose que « si la conférence des présidents constate que la durée maximale fixée pour l’examen d’un texte est insuffisante, elle peut décider de l’augmenter ».Je vous demande donc que la conférence des présidents se réunisse en urgence. Oui ou non, madame la ministre, allez-vous laisser l’Assemblée nationale voter sur les dépenses de la sécurité sociale et sur l’ensemble de son budget ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.) Sont concernés la santé, le handicap, les Ehpad, les retraités ou encore l’année blanche.Un refus d’ouvrir de nouvelles séances ne pourrait signifier, de votre part, qu’une volonté d’empêcher ce vote. Peut-être êtes-vous pressée de transmettre le texte au Sénat, pour que Retailleau fasse le sale boulot à votre place ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Si vous jouez la montre, c’est pour que le budget de la sécurité sociale, au bout du compte, soit pris par ordonnance – ce qui n’est rien d’autre qu’un super 49.3. Comme l’a dit le ministre en conférence des présidents, c’est en effet le texte du gouvernement qui passera en force et sera imposé au peuple de France.Je réitère ma question, madame la ministre : allez-vous laisser l’Assemblée nationale voter, afin que le peuple de France puisse voir quelle position chaque député aura prise sur un texte aussi cruel que celui-ci ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 11,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3900671",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 244,
   "annotation_id": "Na958a4c55d54",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Au titre de l’article 49, alinéa 15 de notre règlement, qui dispose que « si la conférence des présidents constate que la durée maximale fixée pour l’examen d’un texte est insuffisante, elle peut décider de l’augmenter ».Je vous demande donc que la conférence des présidents se réunisse en urgence. Oui ou non, madame la ministre, allez-vous laisser l’Assemblée nationale voter sur les dépenses de la sécurité sociale et sur l’ensemble de son budget ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Sont concernés la santé, le handicap, les Ehpad, les retraités ou encore l’année blanche.Un refus d’ouvrir de nouvelles séances ne pourrait signifier, de votre part, qu’une volonté d’empêcher ce vote. Peut-être êtes-vous pressée de transmettre le texte au Sénat, pour que Retailleau fasse le sale boulot à votre place ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Si vous jouez la montre, c’est pour que le budget de la sécurité sociale, au bout du compte, soit pris par ordonnance – ce qui n’est rien d’autre qu’un super 49.3. Comme l’a dit le ministre en conférence des présidents, c’est en effet le texte du gouvernement qui passera en force et sera imposé au peuple de France.Je réitère ma question, madame la ministre : allez-vous laisser l’Assemblée nationale voter, afin que le peuple de France puisse voir quelle position chaque député aura prise sur un texte aussi cruel que celui-ci ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29958",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_sha256": "322b753ee0695bd8a6e1ef0728fdb13b88506d014046fcc573506db194401631",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902445",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3902445"
   ],
   "order": 800,
   "text": "Il propose d’interdire les dépassements d’honoraires pour les consultations médicales relatives à la santé sexuelle.Rappelons quelques faits. Une grossesse sur trois n’est pas prévue. Au cours des cinq dernières années, 34,7 % des grossesses n’étaient pas désirées et ce nombre est en augmentation. La couverture vaccinale contre le papillomavirus, qui peut causer le cancer du col de l’utérus, et contre l’hépatite B est insuffisante. Le nombre de victimes qui osent parler de leur agression sexuelle est en augmentation. Les retards de diagnostic sur le SOPK – syndrome des ovaires polykystiques –, sur l’endométriose et sur l’infertilité sont faramineux et peuvent avoir de graves conséquences sur la vie des patientes. Enfin, UFC-Que choisir alerte sur les dépassements d’honoraires des gynécologues : 71 % d’entre eux les pratiqueraient, ce qui constitue encore un obstacle à l’accès à la santé sexuelle. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 26 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 26 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3903660",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 800,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902445",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "N72e33b98074b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il propose d’interdire les dépassements d’honoraires pour les consultations médicales relatives à la santé sexuelle.Rappelons quelques faits. Une grossesse sur trois n’est pas prévue. Au cours des cinq dernières années, 34,7 % des grossesses n’étaient pas désirées et ce nombre est en augmentation. La couverture vaccinale contre le papillomavirus, qui peut causer le cancer du col de l’utérus, et contre l’hépatite B est insuffisante. Le nombre de victimes qui osent parler de leur agression sexuelle est en augmentation. Les retards de diagnostic sur le SOPK – syndrome des ovaires polykystiques –, sur l’endométriose et sur l’infertilité sont faramineux et peuvent avoir de graves conséquences sur la vie des patientes. Enfin, UFC-Que choisir alerte sur les dépassements d’honoraires des gynécologues : 71 % d’entre eux les pratiqueraient, ce qui constitue encore un obstacle à l’accès à la santé sexuelle. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29958",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_sha256": "322b753ee0695bd8a6e1ef0728fdb13b88506d014046fcc573506db194401631",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902449",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3902449"
   ],
   "order": 803,
   "text": "Je ne peux que partager votre volonté d’améliorer l’accessibilité des consultations relatives à la santé sexuelle, mais je ne suis pas sûr que votre proposition soit le meilleur moyen d’y parvenir.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 26 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 26 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3903660",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 803,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902449",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Nd80a401cc208",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne peux que partager votre volonté d’améliorer l’accessibilité des consultations relatives à la santé sexuelle, mais je ne suis pas sûr que votre proposition soit le meilleur moyen d’y parvenir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29958",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_sha256": "322b753ee0695bd8a6e1ef0728fdb13b88506d014046fcc573506db194401631",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902637",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3902637"
   ],
   "order": 895,
   "text": "Je ne suis pas du tout favorable à ces amendements de suppression. Depuis que nous avons commencé à examiner la partie recettes du PLFSS, nous avons établi que, dans ces efforts nécessairement partagés, chaque euro de l’assurance maladie devait être dépensé à bon escient. Parce qu’il s’agit de l’hôpital public, nous n’aurions pas le droit de nous en inquiéter ?Les fédérations hospitalières sont favorables à ce mécanisme, d’autant plus qu’elles vont récupérer la moitié des gains liés à l’efficience. Ce n’est pas rien : c’est aussi un moyen de mieux financer l’hôpital. Je rappelle que ce budget prévoit une augmentation de 2,3 milliards d’euros pour l’hôpital public.Ces dernières années, nous avons demandé aux professionnels de ville de maîtriser leurs dépenses et d’améliorer leurs prescriptions. Pourquoi ne pourrions-nous pas appliquer la même logique à l’hôpital ? Le dispositif permettra, par exemple, d’examiner les prescriptions qui sortent de l’hôpital et de les améliorer, que ce soit du point de vue de la quantité, de la qualité ou de la pertinence. Ce n’est pas honteux : il s’agit simplement de dépenser correctement chaque euro de l’assurance maladie. Avis très défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 27 / ",
   "article": "Article 27",
   "article_id": "3902580",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 895,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902637",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 187,
   "annotation_id": "N3b3ecc8e0cd0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis pas du tout favorable à ces amendements de suppression. Depuis que nous avons commencé à examiner la partie recettes du PLFSS, nous avons établi que, dans ces efforts nécessairement partagés, chaque euro de l’assurance maladie devait être dépensé à bon escient. Parce qu’il s’agit de l’hôpital public, nous n’aurions pas le droit de nous en inquiéter ?Les fédérations hospitalières sont favorables à ce mécanisme, d’autant plus qu’elles vont récupérer la moitié des gains liés à l’efficience. Ce n’est pas rien : c’est aussi un moyen de mieux financer l’hôpital. Je rappelle que ce budget prévoit une augmentation de 2,3 milliards d’euros pour l’hôpital public.Ces dernières années, nous avons demandé aux professionnels de ville de maîtriser leurs dépenses et d’améliorer leurs prescriptions. Pourquoi ne pourrions-nous pas appliquer la même logique à l’hôpital ? Le dispositif permettra, par exemple, d’examiner les prescriptions qui sortent de l’hôpital et de les améliorer, que ce soit du point de vue de la quantité, de la qualité ou de la pertinence. Ce n’est pas honteux : il s’agit simplement de dépenser correctement chaque euro de l’assurance maladie. Avis très défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29958",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_sha256": "322b753ee0695bd8a6e1ef0728fdb13b88506d014046fcc573506db194401631",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902643",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3902643"
   ],
   "order": 900,
   "text": "Nous soutenons cet article car l’incitation à la pertinence est un bon moyen de réduire les dépenses sans affecter la prise en charge des patients. Des indicateurs existent déjà ; ce ne sont ni des indicateurs financiers, ni des indicateurs de gestion, comme dans une entreprise. Ce sont par exemple ceux de la Fédération des médecins de France, qui concernent la lutte contre l’antibiorésistance – on sait que les antibiotiques sont encore trop souvent prescrits, avec un taux de surprescription estimé entre 20 % et 30 %.Ces indicateurs concernent aussi les personnes âgées qui entrent en Ehpad : elles arrivent souvent avec des ordonnances comprenant vingt-cinq molécules ! Or tous les pharmaciens le disent : au-delà de six ou sept molécules, on ne maîtrise plus les interactions. Autre exemple : les inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons, largement surprescrits. L’incitation à la pertinence est donc bien un moyen de dépenser moins tout en soignant aussi bien. C’est pourquoi il ne faut pas supprimer cet article.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 27 / ",
   "article": "Article 27",
   "article_id": "3902580",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 900,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902643",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 165,
   "annotation_id": "N114f1198328d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous soutenons cet article car l’incitation à la pertinence est un bon moyen de réduire les dépenses sans affecter la prise en charge des patients. Des indicateurs existent déjà ; ce ne sont ni des indicateurs financiers, ni des indicateurs de gestion, comme dans une entreprise. Ce sont par exemple ceux de la Fédération des médecins de France, qui concernent la lutte contre l’antibiorésistance – on sait que les antibiotiques sont encore trop souvent prescrits, avec un taux de surprescription estimé entre 20 % et 30 %.Ces indicateurs concernent aussi les personnes âgées qui entrent en Ehpad : elles arrivent souvent avec des ordonnances comprenant vingt-cinq molécules ! Or tous les pharmaciens le disent : au-delà de six ou sept molécules, on ne maîtrise plus les interactions. Autre exemple : les inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons, largement surprescrits. L’incitation à la pertinence est donc bien un moyen de dépenser moins tout en soignant aussi bien. C’est pourquoi il ne faut pas supprimer cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29958",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044.xml",
   "source_sha256": "322b753ee0695bd8a6e1ef0728fdb13b88506d014046fcc573506db194401631",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA335612",
   "speaker": "Jean-Paul Lecoq",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Paul Lecoq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902647",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3902647"
   ],
   "order": 903,
   "text": "Lorsqu’il évoquait le budget de son ministère, très affecté par les coupes budgétaires, un récent ministre des affaires étrangères parlait d’« un budget à l’os, sans gras ni muscle ». N’avez-vous pas, vous aussi, l’impression que l’hôpital public est aujourd’hui à l’os ? Depuis trente ou quarante ans, il subit des économies, des réorganisations et des transformations de ses services. Et la variable d’ajustement, ce sont trop souvent les conditions de travail des personnels hospitaliers. Cela ne peut plus durer !On vous dit qu’il manque de l’argent : commencez par donner à l’hôpital public les moyens financiers nécessaires ! Ensuite, lorsque vous aurez remis les compteurs à zéro, vous pourrez, si vous le souhaitez, l’organiser différemment, dans l’intérêt du patient. Je partage votre objectif mais pour l’instant, je le répète, ceux qui souffrent, et qui souffrent énormément, ce sont les personnels, à cause de toutes les optimisations, réorganisations et autres mots en -tion ! (M. Yannick Monnet et Mme Danielle Simonnet applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 27 / ",
   "article": "Article 27",
   "article_id": "3902580",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 903,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N044-3902647",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 162,
   "annotation_id": "N3517b6afea05",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsqu’il évoquait le budget de son ministère, très affecté par les coupes budgétaires, un récent ministre des affaires étrangères parlait d’« un budget à l’os, sans gras ni muscle ». N’avez-vous pas, vous aussi, l’impression que l’hôpital public est aujourd’hui à l’os ? Depuis trente ou quarante ans, il subit des économies, des réorganisations et des transformations de ses services. Et la variable d’ajustement, ce sont trop souvent les conditions de travail des personnels hospitaliers. Cela ne peut plus durer !On vous dit qu’il manque de l’argent : commencez par donner à l’hôpital public les moyens financiers nécessaires ! Ensuite, lorsque vous aurez remis les compteurs à zéro, vous pourrez, si vous le souhaitez, l’organiser différemment, dans l’intérêt du patient. Je partage votre objectif mais pour l’instant, je le répète, ceux qui souffrent, et qui souffrent énormément, ce sont les personnels, à cause de toutes les optimisations, réorganisations et autres mots en -tion ! (M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795482",
   "speaker": "Manon Meunier",
   "quality": "Mme Manon Meunier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964146",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964146"
   ],
   "order": 258,
   "text": "Madame la ministre de l’agriculture, où étiez-vous ? Où étiez-vous cet été, quand la famille Duchêne, la ferme de la Mésange bleue et tant d’autres encore ont subi par vos ordres l’abattage total de leurs troupeaux ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Où étiez-vous il y a un mois, quand vos services sanitaires n’ont pas trouvé mieux que de contraindre, à la carabine, un troupeau à la contention, avant de l’abattre pour de bon, sous les yeux de l’éleveur ? Où étiez-vous mardi dernier, quand des centaines d’habitants de votre département, le Doubs, venus soutenir la famille Lhomme contre l’abattage de ses quatre-vingts vaches saines, n’ont eu pour seule réponse que gazage et cars de CRS ? Où étiez-vous ? (Mêmes mouvements.)Constituer un troupeau, c’est le travail d’une vie – parfois de plusieurs générations. Il faut sélectionner les animaux et leur génétique, créer un lien de confiance.Vous ne pouvez rien faire subir de pire à un éleveur que l’abattage total.Vous allez me répondre : oui, c’est dur, mais c’est le seul moyen de protéger le cheptel français. L’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, l’Efsa, indique pourtant que la solution la plus efficace pour lutter contre la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse n’est pas l’abattage total mais la vaccination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Mme Sandra Marsaud s’exclame.)Or c’est vous qui bloquez la généralisation de la vaccination, pour éviter d’avoir à remettre en question l’Union européenne et ses politiques d’export dépassées. L’Efsa indique également que, lorsque la vaccination est effective, un abattage partiel a la même efficacité sanitaire qu’un abattage total. Quand vous imposez à la famille Lhomme l’abattage total de son troupeau alors qu’il est vacciné et que les élevages alentour le sont également, vous ne respectez ni les éleveurs ni votre dignité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) À l’heure du changement climatique, les épidémies s’enchaînent : il est urgent de mettre à jour les logiciels sanitaires.Demain, la Confédération paysanne et la Coordination rurale du Doubs organisent à Besançon une manifestation de soutien à la famille Lhomme. Nous y serons – et vous, madame la ministre, où serez-vous ? (Les députés du groupe LFI-NFP applaudissent et se lèvent. – M. Arnaud Bonnet applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Abattage administratif total de troupeaux",
   "article": "Article 24 du PLFSS",
   "article_id": "3963492",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 258,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964146",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 369,
   "annotation_id": "N0d91053b80ba",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "n’ont eu pour seule réponse que gazage et cars de CRS ? Où étiez-vous ? (Mêmes mouvements.)Constituer un troupeau, c’est le travail d’une vie – parfois de plusieurs générations. Il faut sélectionner les animaux et leur génétique, créer un lien de confiance.Vous ne pouvez rien faire subir de pire à un éleveur que l’abattage total.Vous allez me répondre : oui, c’est dur, mais c’est le seul moyen de protéger le cheptel français. L’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, l’Efsa, indique pourtant que la solution la plus efficace pour lutter contre la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse n’est pas l’abattage total mais la vaccination. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)Or c’est vous qui bloquez la généralisation de la vaccination, pour éviter d’avoir à remettre en question l’Union européenne et ses politiques d’export dépassées. L’Efsa indique également que, lorsque la vaccination est effective, un abattage partiel a la même efficacité sanitaire qu’un abattage total. Quand vous imposez à la famille Lhomme l’abattage total de son troupeau alors qu’il est vacciné et que les élevages alentour le sont également, vous ne respectez ni les éleveurs ni votre dignité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) À l’heure du changement climatique, les épidémies s’enchaînent : il est urgent de mettre à jour les logiciels sanitaires.Demain, la Confédération paysanne et la Coordination rurale du Doubs organisent à Besançon une manifestation de soutien à la famille Lhomme. Nous y serons – et vous, madame la ministre, où serez-vous ? (Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] applaudissent et se lèvent. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964154",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964154"
   ],
   "order": 265,
   "text": "Je suis là où je dois être, madame la députée : à la tête d’un ministère dont l’objectif est de protéger les éleveurs et l’élevage bovin français. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR, sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC et sur les bancs des groupes DR et Dem.)Je suis là pour prendre les décisions à même de protéger les élevages voisins d’un élevage dont les animaux vaccinés ont été infectés avant d’être immunisés. (Mme Ségolène Amiot s’exclame.) Je suis là lorsqu’il s’agit, avec M. le ministre de l’intérieur, d’empêcher les mouvements illégaux, à l’origine de la contamination de l’élevage de M. et Mme Lhomme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Abattage administratif total de troupeaux",
   "article": "Article 24 du PLFSS",
   "article_id": "3963492",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 265,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964154",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 112,
   "annotation_id": "N85d142a07e23",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis là où je dois être, madame la députée : à la tête d’un ministère dont l’objectif est de protéger les éleveurs et l’élevage bovin français. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur les bancs des groupes DR et Dem.)Je suis là pour prendre les décisions à même de protéger les élevages voisins d’un élevage dont les animaux vaccinés ont été infectés avant d’être immunisés. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Je suis là lorsqu’il s’agit, avec M. le ministre de l’intérieur, d’empêcher les mouvements illégaux, à l’origine de la contamination de l’élevage de M. et Mme Lhomme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964157",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964157"
   ],
   "order": 268,
   "text": "L’ennemi, c’est le virus, c’est cette maladie terrible, si contagieuse qu’elle est au sommet du classement européen en termes de gravité. Vous pouvez bien sûr manifester, mais on ne manifeste pas efficacement contre un virus.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Abattage administratif total de troupeaux",
   "article": "Article 24 du PLFSS",
   "article_id": "3963492",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 268,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964157",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Na4a0c5c90202",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’ennemi, c’est le virus, c’est cette maladie terrible, si contagieuse qu’elle est au sommet du classement européen en termes de gravité. Vous pouvez bien sûr manifester, mais on ne manifeste pas efficacement contre un virus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964032",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964032"
   ],
   "order": 342,
   "text": "Cette série d’amendements porte sur le tableau par sous-objectif de l’Ondam, l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie. Pour que ceux qui n’ont pas suivi comprennent, il s’agit pour beaucoup d’amendements d’appel, visant à souligner la nécessité d’ajouter des moyens dans certains secteurs.Le présent amendement vise ainsi à augmenter le budget de l’EFS, l’Établissement français du sang, qui assure non seulement la collecte du sang mais aussi celle des plaquettes et du plasma.Or nous rencontrons de grandes difficultés avec le plasma, dont le besoin explose du fait des nouvelles thérapies qui y ont recours. Cet enjeu sanitaire pose aussi la question de notre souveraineté. À Arras, 1 milliard d’euros a été investi pour le traitement du plasma, mais la collecte est trop faible et nous devons importer 65 % de notre plasma des États-Unis, où il est collecté dans des conditions éthiques très problématiques : le don étant rémunéré, ce sont donc les plus pauvres qui donnent, au détriment de leur santé et de la qualité du plasma collecté.Cet amendement doit permettre à l’EFS de collecter le plasma à hauteur de nos besoins.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "88",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 342,
   "amendments": [
    "88"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964032",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 182,
   "annotation_id": "N23ff69558299",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette série d’amendements porte sur le tableau par sous-objectif de l’Ondam, l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie. Pour que ceux qui n’ont pas suivi comprennent, il s’agit pour beaucoup d’amendements d’appel, visant à souligner la nécessité d’ajouter des moyens dans certains secteurs.Le présent amendement vise ainsi à augmenter le budget de l’EFS, l’Établissement français du sang, qui assure non seulement la collecte du sang mais aussi celle des plaquettes et du plasma.Or nous rencontrons de grandes difficultés avec le plasma, dont le besoin explose du fait des nouvelles thérapies qui y ont recours. Cet enjeu sanitaire pose aussi la question de notre souveraineté. À Arras, 1 milliard d’euros a été investi pour le traitement du plasma, mais la collecte est trop faible et nous devons importer 65 % de notre plasma des États-Unis, où il est collecté dans des conditions éthiques très problématiques : le don étant rémunéré, ce sont donc les plus pauvres qui donnent, au détriment de leur santé et de la qualité du plasma collecté.Cet amendement doit permettre à l’EFS de collecter le plasma à hauteur de nos besoins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre de l’action et des comptes publics",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964039",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964039"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Le présent amendement témoigne de la sincérité du gouvernement, tant vis-à-vis des assurés sociaux que des soignants, en matière de comptes publics. Il tire les conséquences des débats que nous avons eus, des mesures votées, par exemple autour de France Santé, mais aussi de celles qui ne l’ont pas été – je pense notamment aux franchises ou aux cures thermales.Dans ce dernier domaine, qui ne fait pas consensus, M. Wauquiez a déposé un sous-amendement visant à s’assurer que les cures thermales ne sont pas touchées : je confirme au groupe Droite républicaine que les chiffres que nous présentons n’incluent pas d’économies sur les cures thermales et que ce sous-amendement est inutile, voire qu’il compenserait une baisse inexistante.Enfin, sont également prises en compte, dans le tableau proposé, des mesures adoptées par le passé, lors du Ségur de la santé notamment, et qu’il nous faut financer.Nous avons rehaussé la cible de croissance de notre objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie de 3 %, c’est-à-dire de 8 milliards entre 2025 et 2026. Cela se traduit plus précisément par une hausse portée à 3,1 % pour les soins de ville, soit une augmentation de 3,6 milliards d’euros, et par une hausse de l’Ondam hospitalier portée à 3,3 %, soit, là encore, 3,6 milliards d’euros.Notez que les hôpitaux ne sont pas financés uniquement par l’assurance maladie mais également par les complémentaires santé et, au vu des mesures que vous avez votées, ils recevront d’elles 400 millions d’euros supplémentaires. En d’autres termes, ce ne sont pas seulement 3,6 milliards supplémentaires, au titre des dépenses de l’assurance maladie, que recevront les hôpitaux mais bien 4 milliards au total.Par ailleurs, l’amendement propose d’autres augmentations : une hausse de 100 millions d’euros du fonds d’intervention régional (FIR), en particulier au profit des outre-mer – ainsi que le premier ministre l’avait annoncé dans l’hémicycle ; un rehaussement de l’objectif global pour les personnes âgées de 150 millions d’euros, afin de renforcer le soutien aux Ehpad et aux établissements de santé ; une hausse de 100 millions d’euros, enfin, au titre de l’abandon des franchises.Il est important de préciser, comme l’a dit le premier ministre, qu’il n’y a pas d’économies cachées. Il n’y aura ni mises en réserve excessives ni coups de rabot à l’hôpital.Toujours selon les annonces du premier ministre et compte tenu des conditions dans lesquelles ce budget se construit, nous souhaitons, en réponse à l’inquiétude de certains face à ce qui relèvera du décret, associer l’ensemble d’entre vous aux décisions de gestion relevant de l’exécution du budget grâce à la création d’un comité de suivi parlementaire.Tout cela témoigne de notre sincérité mais aussi de la confiance que nous voulons établir avec l’ensemble des parlementaires, qu’il s’agisse des mesures retenues ou du choix des réformes que nous voulons lancer. Celles-ci s’appuieront sur les investissements que nous voulons engager dès cette année, pour qu’au fur et à mesure des mois et des années à venir, le système fonctionne mieux pour les patients et pour les soignants, mais aussi pour qu’il soit mieux armé face au vieillissement de la population – nous savons tous, en effet, que notre système hospitalier n’a pas été originellement conçu pour répondre aux besoins de patients vieillissants et de plus en plus exposés aux maladies chroniques.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "88",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 349,
   "amendments": [
    "88"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964039",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 540,
   "annotation_id": "N944112fd5ec7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "les complémentaires santé et, au vu des mesures que vous avez votées, ils recevront d’elles 400 millions d’euros supplémentaires. En d’autres termes, ce ne sont pas seulement 3,6 milliards supplémentaires, au titre des dépenses de l’assurance maladie, que recevront les hôpitaux mais bien 4 milliards au total.Par ailleurs, l’amendement propose d’autres augmentations : une hausse de 100 millions d’euros du fonds d’intervention régional (FIR), en particulier au profit des outre-mer – ainsi que le premier ministre l’avait annoncé dans l’hémicycle ; un rehaussement de l’objectif global pour les personnes âgées de 150 millions d’euros, afin de renforcer le soutien aux Ehpad et aux établissements de santé ; une hausse de 100 millions d’euros, enfin, au titre de l’abandon des franchises.Il est important de préciser, comme l’a dit le premier ministre, qu’il n’y a pas d’économies cachées. Il n’y aura ni mises en réserve excessives ni coups de rabot à l’hôpital.Toujours selon les annonces du premier ministre et compte tenu des conditions dans lesquelles ce budget se construit, nous souhaitons, en réponse à l’inquiétude de certains face à ce qui relèvera du décret, associer l’ensemble d’entre vous aux décisions de gestion relevant de l’exécution du budget grâce à la création d’un comité"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964050",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 360,
   "text": "Il vise à alerter la représentation nationale au sujet des 200 millions d’économies prévues par le gouvernement sur le remboursement des cures thermales.Le thermalisme dégage des économies sous-jacentes non prises en compte dans le débat public, notamment grâce à la réduction de la consommation médicamenteuse qui en résulte. Face aux remises en cause de ses bienfaits thérapeutiques, plus de soixante études scientifiques démontrent le service médical rendu par les cures. Le thermalisme, ce sont 500 000 patients et 90 % de prescriptions justifiées par un service médical rendu avéré.Au-delà, les cures thermales s’intègrent également dans un bassin de vie : 70 % des stations thermales françaises sont implantées dans des communes de moins de 5 000 habitants, ce qui fait de la médecine thermale un rempart naturel contre la désertification médicale.Les retombées économiques du thermalisme sont estimées à 4,8 milliards d’euros pour plus de 100 000 emplois directs, indirects et induits.Madame la ministre, j’ai entendu qu’aucune économie sur les cures thermales n’était envisagée par voie législative. J’attends qu’il en soit de même dans le champ réglementaire – il faut notamment que le décret annoncé soit abandonné. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "88",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 360,
   "amendments": [
    "88"
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   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964050",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 193,
   "annotation_id": "Nb06aeeaeab2a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à alerter la représentation nationale au sujet des 200 millions d’économies prévues par le gouvernement sur le remboursement des cures thermales.Le thermalisme dégage des économies sous-jacentes non prises en compte dans le débat public, notamment grâce à la réduction de la consommation médicamenteuse qui en résulte. Face aux remises en cause de ses bienfaits thérapeutiques, plus de soixante études scientifiques démontrent le service médical rendu par les cures. Le thermalisme, ce sont 500 000 patients et 90 % de prescriptions justifiées par un service médical rendu avéré.Au-delà, les cures thermales s’intègrent également dans un bassin de vie : 70 % des stations thermales françaises sont implantées dans des communes de moins de 5 000 habitants, ce qui fait de la médecine thermale un rempart naturel contre la désertification médicale.Les retombées économiques du thermalisme sont estimées à 4,8 milliards d’euros pour plus de 100 000 emplois directs, indirects et induits.Madame la ministre, j’ai entendu qu’aucune économie sur les cures thermales n’était envisagée par voie législative. J’attends qu’il en soit de même dans le champ réglementaire – il faut notamment que le décret annoncé soit abandonné. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964056",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964056"
   ],
   "order": 366,
   "text": "Avec cet amendement, la boucle de ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) est en quelque sorte bouclée, puisque nous en revenons au premier point que notre groupe avait évoqué. Nous sommes loin d’être fans de la logique absurde de l’Ondam, qui consiste à définir une enveloppe et à y faire entrer des besoins, alors qu’il faudrait évidemment faire l’inverse. Néanmoins, notre boussole a toujours été alignée sur les préconisations de la Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF). En prenant comme une bonne nouvelle le rehaussement de l’Ondam à 3 % – et donc les quelques moyens supplémentaires obtenus –, nous proposons donc, par cet amendement, une répartition des sous-Ondam des établissements de santé, des Ehpad et des établissements pour les personnes en situation de handicap qui soit conforme aux recommandations de cette instance.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "88",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 366,
   "amendments": [
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   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964056",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 137,
   "annotation_id": "N6b8b93c8538c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avec cet amendement, la boucle de ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) est en quelque sorte bouclée, puisque nous en revenons au premier point que notre groupe avait évoqué. Nous sommes loin d’être fans de la logique absurde de l’Ondam, qui consiste à définir une enveloppe et à y faire entrer des besoins, alors qu’il faudrait évidemment faire l’inverse. Néanmoins, notre boussole a toujours été alignée sur les préconisations de la Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF). En prenant comme une bonne nouvelle le rehaussement de l’Ondam à 3 % – et donc les quelques moyens supplémentaires obtenus –, nous proposons donc, par cet amendement, une répartition des sous-Ondam des établissements de santé, des Ehpad et des établissements pour les personnes en situation de handicap qui soit conforme aux recommandations de cette instance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964058",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964058"
   ],
   "order": 368,
   "text": "Nous l’avons déposé avant que le gouvernement dépose le sien. Il nous donne néanmoins l’occasion d’évoquer les problèmes que pose ce dernier. En effet, si l’amendement du gouvernement augmente bien l’Ondam de 5,6 milliards d’euros par rapport à la copie initiale, il ne propose pas un euro de plus pour l’Ondam hospitalier que ce que vous proposiez la semaine dernière.Or un tiers des établissements de santé déclarent des incidents graves. Récemment, dans le cadre d’un procès, l’AP-HP a reconnu sa responsabilité dans une affaire dont Mediapart a repris les tenants et les aboutissants : il s’agit d’une patiente morte aux urgences alors qu’elle aurait pu être sauvée si elle n’avait pas attendu douze heures sans voir de médecin.Les signaux d’alerte indiquent que l’hôpital et les soignants sont à bout, ce qui justifie que nous demandions, par cet amendement, que l’Ondam hospitalier soit fixé à 116 milliards d’euros. C’est d’autant plus indispensable que la dette de l’hôpital s’élève actuellement à 30 milliards d’euros et que celui-ci accuse un déficit de 2,9 milliards. Ce que propose le gouvernement est donc largement insuffisant.Vous nous avez dit, madame la ministre, qu’il existait peut-être des moyens d’effacer une part du déficit hospitalier. J’aimerais donc que vous vous engagiez publiquement à ce que l’État reprenne le déficit des hôpitaux publics. C’est en tout cas une demande des syndicats. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "684",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 368,
   "amendments": [
    "684"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964058",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 229,
   "annotation_id": "N8cdbe9af36f0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous l’avons déposé avant que le gouvernement dépose le sien. Il nous donne néanmoins l’occasion d’évoquer les problèmes que pose ce dernier. En effet, si l’amendement du gouvernement augmente bien l’Ondam de 5,6 milliards d’euros par rapport à la copie initiale, il ne propose pas un euro de plus pour l’Ondam hospitalier que ce que vous proposiez la semaine dernière.Or un tiers des établissements de santé déclarent des incidents graves. Récemment, dans le cadre d’un procès, l’AP-HP a reconnu sa responsabilité dans une affaire dont Mediapart a repris les tenants et les aboutissants : il s’agit d’une patiente morte aux urgences alors qu’elle aurait pu être sauvée si elle n’avait pas attendu douze heures sans voir de médecin.Les signaux d’alerte indiquent que l’hôpital et les soignants sont à bout, ce qui justifie que nous demandions, par cet amendement, que l’Ondam hospitalier soit fixé à 116 milliards d’euros. C’est d’autant plus indispensable que la dette de l’hôpital s’élève actuellement à 30 milliards d’euros et que celui-ci accuse un déficit de 2,9 milliards. Ce que propose le gouvernement est donc largement insuffisant.Vous nous avez dit, madame la ministre, qu’il existait peut-être des moyens d’effacer une part du déficit hospitalier. J’aimerais donc que vous vous engagiez publiquement à ce que l’État reprenne le déficit des hôpitaux publics. C’est en tout cas une demande des syndicats. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964446",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 389,
   "text": "Vous nous annoncez, dès le mois de décembre 2025, que les besoins en matière de santé publique ne seront pas couverts en 2026. (Mme Mathilde Panot et M. Pierre-Yves Cadalen applaudissent.) Vous engagez-vous à reprendre la dette des hôpitaux ? Vous avez rejeté l’amendement que nous avions déposé dans ce sens. Allez-vous continuer à alourdir les charges à la Cades, la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale, et donc à grever les ressources de la sécurité sociale ? Confirmez-vous que vous n’allez pas financer la couverture des besoins des Françaises et des Français en 2026 ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "599",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 389,
   "amendments": [
    "599"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964446",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N69a4e21b26dd",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous nous annoncez, dès le mois de décembre 2025, que les besoins en matière de santé publique ne seront pas couverts en 2026. (Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.) Vous engagez-vous à reprendre la dette des hôpitaux ? Vous avez rejeté l’amendement que nous avions déposé dans ce sens. Allez-vous continuer à alourdir les charges à la Cades, la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale, et donc à grever les ressources de la sécurité sociale ? Confirmez-vous que vous n’allez pas financer la couverture des besoins des Françaises et des Français en 2026 ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964449",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964449"
   ],
   "order": 392,
   "text": "Il cible la nécessité de mieux accompagner financièrement les Ehpad. L’an dernier, la discussion budgétaire avait permis de tripler le fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad, en le passant de 100 à 300 millions, mais ce n’est qu’un fonds ponctuel. Nous proposons d’accompagner durablement les établissements, suivant les attentes des opérateurs, dans deux domaines principaux. Il s’agit de financer, d’une part, des actions autour de l’alimentation – prévention de la dénutrition, adaptation des cuisines, lutte contre l’isolement grâce aux repas partagés, activité physique adaptée – et, d’autre part, la transformation du modèle de l’Ehpad, qu’il faut ouvrir sur son environnement immédiat, sur la cité, pour en faire une plateforme, un centre de ressources territoriales pour les fragiles qui vivent à proximité. L’amendement gouvernemental, qui élève à 150 millions l’objectif global de dépenses (OGD) pour les personnes âgées, va dans la bonne direction, mais nous vous suggérons de créer un fonds pérenne qui accompagnera les Ehpad sur des projets dans ces deux sphères.Il s’agit d’un amendement d’appel qui tombera en cas d’adoption de l’amendement du gouvernement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "599",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 392,
   "amendments": [
    "599"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964449",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 174,
   "annotation_id": "Nd19a38188ef3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il cible la nécessité de mieux accompagner financièrement les Ehpad. L’an dernier, la discussion budgétaire avait permis de tripler le fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad, en le passant de 100 à 300 millions, mais ce n’est qu’un fonds ponctuel. Nous proposons d’accompagner durablement les établissements, suivant les attentes des opérateurs, dans deux domaines principaux. Il s’agit de financer, d’une part, des actions autour de l’alimentation – prévention de la dénutrition, adaptation des cuisines, lutte contre l’isolement grâce aux repas partagés, activité physique adaptée – et, d’autre part, la transformation du modèle de l’Ehpad, qu’il faut ouvrir sur son environnement immédiat, sur la cité, pour en faire une plateforme, un centre de ressources territoriales pour les fragiles qui vivent à proximité. L’amendement gouvernemental, qui élève à 150 millions l’objectif global de dépenses (OGD) pour les personnes âgées, va dans la bonne direction, mais nous vous suggérons de créer un fonds pérenne qui accompagnera les Ehpad sur des projets dans ces deux sphères.Il s’agit d’un amendement d’appel qui tombera en cas d’adoption de l’amendement du gouvernement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964958",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 396,
   "text": "Nous proposons d’ajouter 100 millions au FIR pour les outre-mer. Comme je l’ai dit lors de la séance de questions au gouvernement, c’est une augmentation de 25 %, qui vise à résorber les inégalités en matière de santé, notamment face au diabète et à l’hypertension, et à améliorer en général l’accès aux soins dans les outre-mer.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 396,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964958",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N12ec10c22889",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons d’ajouter 100 millions au FIR pour les outre-mer. Comme je l’ai dit lors de la séance de questions au gouvernement, c’est une augmentation de 25 %, qui vise à résorber les inégalités en matière de santé, notamment face au diabète et à l’hypertension, et à améliorer en général l’accès aux soins dans les outre-mer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964959",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964959"
   ],
   "order": 400,
   "text": "Sans cet article, il n’y aura pas de progression de l’Ondam ni d’Ondam tout court ; et un Ondam à zéro entraînera des tarifs négatifs pour les hôpitaux. Cet article est nécessaire si vous souhaitez défendre les hôpitaux. L’Ondam doit en outre être bien calibré, afin d’éviter que le comité d’alerte ne se déclenche, comme en juin dernier, et ne pénalise injustement des professionnels de santé, comme ce fut le cas des kinésithérapeutes.Dans la version initiale du PLFSS, l’Ondam progressait de 1,6 % par rapport à l’an dernier. Vous avez, sur tous les bancs, indiqué que c’était insuffisant pour répondre à la croissance des besoins. Il a été augmenté, en première lecture, à 2 %, ce qui correspond à 850 millions d’euros pour les hôpitaux et à 150 millions pour le déploiement de France Santé. Cependant, le Sénat a supprimé l’article 49, alors qu’il est obligatoire.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 400,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964959",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "N8490f2acbe91",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Sans cet article, il n’y aura pas de progression de l’Ondam ni d’Ondam tout court ; et un Ondam à zéro entraînera des tarifs négatifs pour les hôpitaux. Cet article est nécessaire si vous souhaitez défendre les hôpitaux. L’Ondam doit en outre être bien calibré, afin d’éviter que le comité d’alerte ne se déclenche, comme en juin dernier, et ne pénalise injustement des professionnels de santé, comme ce fut le cas des kinésithérapeutes.Dans la version initiale du PLFSS, l’Ondam progressait de 1,6 % par rapport à l’an dernier. Vous avez, sur tous les bancs, indiqué que c’était insuffisant pour répondre à la croissance des besoins. Il a été augmenté, en première lecture, à 2 %, ce qui correspond à 850 millions d’euros pour les hôpitaux et à 150 millions pour le déploiement de France Santé. Cependant, le Sénat a supprimé l’article 49, alors qu’il est obligatoire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964458"
   ],
   "order": 403,
   "text": "Le respect du cadre organique exige de rétablir cet article.Ensuite, il a fallu, tout au long des débats, traduire des annonces, comme celle du premier ministre qui, lors de la discussion de l’amendement « Lodeom » de Mme Youssouffa, a promis d’ajouter 100 millions d’euros au fonds d’intervention régional pour faire face aux besoins de santé de l’outre-mer. L’amendement gouvernemental intègre également des décisions de l’Assemblée et du Sénat, prises de manière consensuelle, comme celle sur les affections de longue durée (ALD) non exonérantes qui a mené à la suppression de l’article 29, pour un coût de 100 millions d’euros. Des messages venus de différents bancs ont enfin conduit le gouvernement à renoncer à certaines mesures réglementaires : 2,5 milliards d’euros ont été ajoutés pour couvrir les franchises et participations, et les cures thermales. L’amendement du gouvernement corrigeant la trajectoire de l’Ondam traduit donc les paroles en actes, si bien que l’Ondam augmentera finalement de 3 %.En début d’après-midi, j’ai eu le détail du chiffrage pour vérifier que ce que dit le gouvernement dans l’exposé sommaire correspond bien à ce qu’il fait. L’Ondam augmente précisément de 3,04 %, s’établissant à 274,28 milliards, soit une hausse de 8,09 milliards par rapport à 2025, et de 2,83 milliards par rapport à la copie initiale. La progression est de 3,14 % pour les soins de ville, soit 3,57 milliards, et de 3,29 % pour les établissements de santé, soit 3,59 milliards. Je tiens à vous informer aussi que 140 millions ont été ajoutés pour les Ehpad.C’est une réponse aux demandes des fédérations mentionnées par M. Yannick Monnet, à celles des parlementaires de tous les bancs, et surtout, la traduction des décisions annoncées oralement par le gouvernement. J’espère qu’en adoptant l’amendement no 1143 du gouvernement, et en rétablissant donc l’article 49, on évitera une nouvelle intervention du comité d’alerte, dont le seuil de déclenchement est fixé à 1,37 milliard. Si vous ne voulez pas pénaliser injustement les professionnels de santé en cours d’année, il faut l’adopter.J’invite tous mes collègues à retirer leurs amendements puisqu’ils sont satisfaits après les propos rassurants de Mme la ministre, qui a indiqué que les cures thermales n’étaient plus comptées dans la trajectoire et que des mesures sur les fédérations étaient intégrées. Avis favorable sur l’amendement no 1143 – à titre personnel puisqu’il n’a pas été examiné en commission.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 403,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964458",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 389,
   "annotation_id": "N0b41c31eacef",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "augmentera finalement de 3 %.En début d’après-midi, j’ai eu le détail du chiffrage pour vérifier que ce que dit le gouvernement dans l’exposé sommaire correspond bien à ce qu’il fait. L’Ondam augmente précisément de 3,04 %, s’établissant à 274,28 milliards, soit une hausse de 8,09 milliards par rapport à 2025, et de 2,83 milliards par rapport à la copie initiale. La progression est de 3,14 % pour les soins de ville, soit 3,57 milliards, et de 3,29 % pour les établissements de santé, soit 3,59 milliards. Je tiens à vous informer aussi que 140 millions ont été ajoutés pour les Ehpad.C’est une réponse aux demandes des fédérations mentionnées par M. [PERSONNE], à celles des parlementaires de tous les bancs, et surtout, la traduction des décisions annoncées oralement par le gouvernement. J’espère qu’en adoptant l’amendement no 1143 du gouvernement, et en rétablissant donc l’article 49, on évitera une nouvelle intervention du comité d’alerte, dont le seuil de déclenchement est fixé à 1,37 milliard. Si vous ne voulez pas pénaliser injustement les professionnels de santé en cours d’année, il faut l’adopter.J’invite tous mes collègues à retirer leurs amendements puisqu’ils sont satisfaits après les propos rassurants de Mme la ministre, qui a indiqué que"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964465"
   ],
   "order": 409,
   "text": "Monsieur Davi, vous m’avez interrogée sur les enjeux d’endettement des hôpitaux. Depuis quelques mois, les deux ministères sur lesquels nous avons autorité, avec Mme Stéphanie Rist, ont lancé un plan d’apurement des dettes des établissements hospitaliers, représentant à peu près 1 milliard d’euros. Il commencera dans les prochaines semaines par une première tranche de 750 millions d’euros qui reprendra des créances datant des années 2005-2006 afin de soulager la trésorerie des établissements les plus endettés. Par ailleurs, les hôpitaux disposaient, fin 2024, de 7,7 milliards d’euros de trésorerie ; c’est une bonne nouvelle car ils peuvent faire face à leurs besoins courants, notamment d’investissement.Cette prévision montre que le calibrage que nous faisons est sincère : comme cela a été dit avec beaucoup de précision par M. le rapporteur général, nous avons indiqué des chiffres qui correspondent aux besoins et à vos votes.Je reviens également sur le sujet des outre-mer, puisque nous avons annoncé une hausse de 100 millions d’euros pour le FIR à destination des Antilles, mais aussi de Mayotte, de la Polynésie et de la Guyane, notamment pour tenir compte des enjeux de santé publique et de prévention. Il s’agit par exemple de prendre en charge les conséquences sanitaires de la pollution au mercure entraînée, en Guyane, par l’orpaillage illégal, ou de la propagation, en Polynésie française, de l’ ice, une méthamphétamine fumable qui crée d’importantes addictions et donc des besoins en matière de santé publique. En pratique, ces milliards correspondent au recrutement de 4 500 soignants dans les Ehpad, à la revalorisation des salaires des infirmières et au déploiement de politiques de prévention. Ils traduisent aussi notre volonté d’assurer le suivi en continu des malades chroniques, pour que les urgences ne soient plus leur seul lieu de prise en charge.En ma qualité de ministre des comptes publics, je pense qu’il est essentiel que nous soyons sincères dans le chiffrage de nos budgets. Trop souvent, on a fixé des chiffres conceptuels que l’on a revus à la baisse ou à la hausse par décret. Le pilotage du système n’était pas transparent. En 2025, nous avons respecté l’Ondam à l’euro près, et en 2026, nous prenons l’engagement, avec mes collègues Stéphanie Rist, Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq et Jean-Pierre Farandou, que ce budget, qui est le vôtre, soit exécuté en toute transparence, selon vos instructions, et fasse l’objet d’un véritable suivi. Je confirme qu’il n’y a pas de plan caché ou de décrets que nous prendrions sur les franchises ou sur les cures thermales. Notre amendement acte que, s’il n’y a pas de majorité, nous ne passerons pas en force.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 409,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964465",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 427,
   "annotation_id": "N694d6a093890",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "nous avons annoncé une hausse de 100 millions d’euros pour le FIR à destination des Antilles, mais aussi de Mayotte, de la Polynésie et de la Guyane, notamment pour tenir compte des enjeux de santé publique et de prévention. Il s’agit par exemple de prendre en charge les conséquences sanitaires de la pollution au mercure entraînée, en Guyane, par l’orpaillage illégal, ou de la propagation, en Polynésie française, de l’ ice, une méthamphétamine fumable qui crée d’importantes addictions et donc des besoins en matière de santé publique. En pratique, ces milliards correspondent au recrutement de 4 500 soignants dans les Ehpad, à la revalorisation des salaires des infirmières et au déploiement de politiques de prévention. Ils traduisent aussi notre volonté d’assurer le suivi en continu des malades chroniques, pour que les urgences ne soient plus leur seul lieu de prise en charge.En ma qualité de ministre des comptes publics, je pense qu’il est essentiel que nous soyons sincères dans le chiffrage de nos budgets. Trop souvent, on a fixé des chiffres conceptuels que l’on a revus à la baisse ou à la hausse par décret. Le pilotage du système n’était pas transparent. En 2025, nous avons respecté l’Ondam à l’euro près,"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965019",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965019"
   ],
   "order": 414,
   "text": "Les sous-amendements de M. Wauquiez et de M. Monnet sont satisfaits. Je vous demande de les retirer ; à défaut, ce sera un avis défavorable.Si nous devions nous prononcer sur l’amendement no 417 de M. Bazin, j’y serais favorable, à condition qu’il ait été sous-amendé par le no 1145. Cependant, l’amendement no 417 est beaucoup moins avantageux pour le système de santé et répond moins à ses besoins que l’amendement no 1143.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 414,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965019",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 72,
   "annotation_id": "N7f4d7eef5bc1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les sous-amendements de M. Wauquiez et de M. Monnet sont satisfaits. Je vous demande de les retirer ; à défaut, ce sera un avis défavorable.Si nous devions nous prononcer sur l’amendement no 417 de M. Bazin, j’y serais favorable, à condition qu’il ait été sous-amendé par le no 1145. Cependant, l’amendement no 417 est beaucoup moins avantageux pour le système de santé et répond moins à ses besoins que l’amendement no 1143."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965040",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965040"
   ],
   "order": 434,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas possible ! Vous ne pouvez pas nous dire que, dans tous les cas, l’offre sur la table consiste à réduire les dépenses de l’assurance maladie et à priver les soignantes et les soignants, les usagères et les usagers, les patientes et les patients, d’accès aux soins. Nous voterons contre votre amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP, dont quelques députés se lèvent.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 434,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965040",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "N937a37c60769",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas possible ! Vous ne pouvez pas nous dire que, dans tous les cas, l’offre sur la table consiste à réduire les dépenses de l’assurance maladie et à priver les soignantes et les soignants, les usagères et les usagers, les patientes et les patients, d’accès aux soins. Nous voterons contre votre amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont quelques députés se lèvent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965042",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965042"
   ],
   "order": 436,
   "text": "Je ne redirai pas à quel point nous tenons l’Ondam en mauvaise estime, considérant que c’est un indicateur obsolète et inefficace. Nous reconnaissons néanmoins qu’on lui en demande beaucoup trop : anticiper et contrôler des comptes qui sont déjà hors de contrôle.Je ne redirai pas non plus ce que nous pensons du comité d’alerte de l’Ondam, lequel devait initialement se réunir une fois par an et qui se réunit désormais une fois par trimestre. Gageons qu’il se réunira chaque semaine l’année prochaine, puisque rien n’aura changé !Cela étant, vous faites l’effort de reconnaître que beaucoup d’hôpitaux et d’établissements médico-sociaux présentent des déficits trop importants, voire sont au bord de la faillite. Dans ma circonscription, un Ehpad ferme cette semaine. Cela n’est plus tolérable.En nous abstenant sur le vote de l’amendement no 1143, ce qui est déjà beaucoup, nous ferons l’effort de vous suivre, car tout ce qui peut aider les hôpitaux, les établissements médico-sociaux, les Ehpad ou la médecine de ville est bienvenu ; mais nous ne nous faisons pas d’illusions. Au 1er janvier 2026, le problème restera le même : la peur que des décrets ou des arrêtés rabotent à droite et à gauche, et, qu’en tout état de cause, les comptes ne soient pas plus maîtrisés l’an prochain. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (précédemment réservé) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3963431",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 436,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965042",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 219,
   "annotation_id": "Nad359498776b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne redirai pas à quel point nous tenons l’Ondam en mauvaise estime, considérant que c’est un indicateur obsolète et inefficace. Nous reconnaissons néanmoins qu’on lui en demande beaucoup trop : anticiper et contrôler des comptes qui sont déjà hors de contrôle.Je ne redirai pas non plus ce que nous pensons du comité d’alerte de l’Ondam, lequel devait initialement se réunir une fois par an et qui se réunit désormais une fois par trimestre. Gageons qu’il se réunira chaque semaine l’année prochaine, puisque rien n’aura changé !Cela étant, vous faites l’effort de reconnaître que beaucoup d’hôpitaux et d’établissements médico-sociaux présentent des déficits trop importants, voire sont au bord de la faillite. Dans ma circonscription, un Ehpad ferme cette semaine. Cela n’est plus tolérable.En nous abstenant sur le vote de l’amendement no 1143, ce qui est déjà beaucoup, nous ferons l’effort de vous suivre, car tout ce qui peut aider les hôpitaux, les établissements médico-sociaux, les Ehpad ou la médecine de ville est bienvenu ; mais nous ne nous faisons pas d’illusions. Au 1er janvier 2026, le problème restera le même : la peur que des décrets ou des arrêtés rabotent [GROUPE] et à gauche, et, qu’en tout état de cause, les comptes ne soient pas plus maîtrisés l’an prochain. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965079",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965079"
   ],
   "order": 472,
   "text": "Je regrette, tout d’abord, d’être le seul rapporteur thématique à pouvoir prendre la parole sur l’ensemble des finalisations budgétaires. J’essaierai donc de parler aussi au nom de mes collègues rapporteurs qui n’ont pas eu cette chance.L’article que nous discutons concerne la branche autonomie, une branche qui a quelques années d’ancienneté et qui vise à garantir un droit fondamental : celui de toute personne à exister indépendamment de ce que l’ordre social lui fait subir, qu’il s’agisse de personnes âgées ou de personnes en situation de handicap (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP) – bref, d’individus à qui, au quotidien, on oppose des obstacles pour leur existence et leur émancipation. Ces obstacles peuvent être physiques, matériels, ou renvoyer à des formes de discrimination qui s’appliquent au tout début de l’existence, continuent dans la formation initiale et professionnelle, et durent jusqu’aux derniers jours, avec un accès inégal aux soins ou aux différents établissements de séjour tels que les Ehpad. J’en profite pour dire que ces derniers sont une honte pour notre pays, parce qu’ils deviennent, dans certains cas, des mouroirs pour seniors. (Mêmes mouvements.) C’est d’autant plus le cas quand ces établissements appartiennent à de grands groupes privés, des holdings ou des fonds de pensions, qui privilégient systématiquement la rémunération des actionnaires au bien-être et aux conditions d’existence des usagères et des usagers (Mêmes mouvements.)Si je voulais évoquer ces points, c’est parce que nous n’avons pas eu l’occasion, au cours des débats, d’en dire un mot. Nous n’avons pas consacré une minute, dans l’examen du PLFSS, aux personnes en situation de handicap. Rien ! Le seul moment, c’est maintenant, lorsqu’il est question des objectifs de dépenses de la branche autonomie. Or les montants prévus sont notoirement insuffisants. Pour preuve, la branche autonomie est en déficit. Ce déficit n’est pas un accident, il dure depuis des années. Il y a donc une planification volontaire du déficit de cette branche. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article": "Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3965075",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 472,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965079",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 324,
   "annotation_id": "N61e5777b6658",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je regrette, tout d’abord, d’être le seul rapporteur thématique à pouvoir prendre la parole sur l’ensemble des finalisations budgétaires. J’essaierai donc de parler aussi au nom de mes collègues rapporteurs qui n’ont pas eu cette chance.L’article que nous discutons concerne la branche autonomie, une branche qui a quelques années d’ancienneté et qui vise à garantir un droit fondamental : celui de toute personne à exister indépendamment de ce que l’ordre social lui fait subir, qu’il s’agisse de personnes âgées ou de personnes en situation de handicap (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) – bref, d’individus à qui, au quotidien, on oppose des obstacles pour leur existence et leur émancipation. Ces obstacles peuvent être physiques, matériels, ou renvoyer à des formes de discrimination qui s’appliquent au tout début de l’existence, continuent dans la formation initiale et professionnelle, et durent jusqu’aux derniers jours, avec un accès inégal aux soins ou aux différents établissements de séjour tels que les Ehpad. J’en profite pour dire que ces derniers sont une honte pour notre pays, parce qu’ils deviennent, dans certains cas, des mouroirs pour seniors. (Mêmes mouvements.) C’est d’autant plus le cas quand ces établissements appartiennent à de grands groupes privés, des holdings ou des fonds de pensions, qui privilégient systématiquement la rémunération des actionnaires au bien-être et aux conditions d’existence des usagères et des usagers (Mêmes mouvements.)Si je voulais évoquer ces points, c’est parce que nous n’avons pas eu l’occasion, au cours des débats, d’en dire un mot. Nous n’avons pas consacré une minute, dans l’examen du PLFSS, aux personnes en situation de handicap. Rien ! Le seul moment, c’est maintenant, lorsqu’il est question des objectifs de dépenses de la branche autonomie. Or les montants prévus sont notoirement insuffisants. Pour preuve, la branche autonomie est en déficit. Ce déficit n’est pas un accident, il dure depuis des années. Il y a donc une planification volontaire du déficit de cette branche. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965227",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965227"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "Ce déficit implique logiquement deux conséquences possibles. La première possibilité consiste à priver de leurs droits les plus anciens ou les personnes en situation de handicap, c’est-à-dire à résorber les déséquilibres comptables en abaissant leurs droits – c’est ce qui se fait dans le pays depuis des années.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article": "Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3965075",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 476,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965227",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N315705804891",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce déficit implique logiquement deux conséquences possibles. La première possibilité consiste à priver de leurs droits les plus anciens ou les personnes en situation de handicap, c’est-à-dire à résorber les déséquilibres comptables en abaissant leurs droits – c’est ce qui se fait dans le pays depuis des années."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965229",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965229"
   ],
   "order": 478,
   "text": "Non, ce n’est pas faux : je suis sûr que dans votre circonscription, comme dans la mienne, certaines personnes n’ont même pas de transports pour leurs gamins en situation de handicap et certaines personnes n’ont pas les moyens de payer une chambre en Ehpad. (Mêmes mouvements.) Des milliers d’individus n’arrivent même pas à vivre chez eux car leur appartement et leur immeuble ne sont pas adaptés à leur capacité à se mouvoir.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article": "Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3965075",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 478,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965229",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 72,
   "annotation_id": "N0df4bbbe4d6e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Non, ce n’est pas faux : je suis sûr que dans votre circonscription, comme dans la mienne, certaines personnes n’ont même pas de transports pour leurs gamins en situation de handicap et certaines personnes n’ont pas les moyens de payer une chambre en Ehpad. (Mêmes mouvements.) Des milliers d’individus n’arrivent même pas à vivre chez eux car leur appartement et leur immeuble ne sont pas adaptés à leur capacité à se mouvoir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965347"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "Donc, non, ce n’est pas faux. On peut regarder ailleurs, mais ce n’est pas faux.La seule question qu’il faut se poser est la suivante : le bilan comptable proposé répond-il à ces besoins ? La réponse est non, d’autant plus que la loi de 2005 relative au handicap n’est toujours pas appliquée et que les différents types de dispositifs médicaux ou de soutien aux personnes en situation de handicap ne sont toujours pas remboursés dans notre pays. Il y a donc bel et bien un abandon de ces personnes par la puissance publique et la sécurité sociale.Dès lors, pouvons-nous nous satisfaire d’un déficit qui ne couvre pas les besoins ? La réponse est non. Si nous ne le pouvons pas, que faut-il faire ? Capituler en rase campagne et accepter encore un an de privation des besoins fondamentaux ? (M. Erwan Balanant s’exclame.) Je ne le pense pas. Il y a une autre possibilité qui consiste à supprimer cet article, à repousser cette disposition et à renvoyer la copie au gouvernement, en disant que nous ne ferons pas de compromis sur le droit à l’existence des plus anciens ou des personnes en situation de handicap. C’est pourquoi je vous invite à voter l’amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article": "Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3965075",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 480,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965347",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 210,
   "annotation_id": "N22b851cf5107",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Donc, non, ce n’est pas faux. On peut regarder ailleurs, mais ce n’est pas faux.La seule question qu’il faut se poser est la suivante : le bilan comptable proposé répond-il à ces besoins ? La réponse est non, d’autant plus que la loi de 2005 relative au handicap n’est toujours pas appliquée et que les différents types de dispositifs médicaux ou de soutien aux personnes en situation de handicap ne sont toujours pas remboursés dans notre pays. Il y a donc bel et bien un abandon de ces personnes par la puissance publique et la sécurité sociale.Dès lors, pouvons-nous nous satisfaire d’un déficit qui ne couvre pas les besoins ? La réponse est non. Si nous ne le pouvons pas, que faut-il faire ? Capituler en rase campagne et accepter encore un an de privation des besoins fondamentaux ? (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Je ne le pense pas. Il y a une autre possibilité qui consiste à supprimer cet article, à repousser cette disposition et à renvoyer la copie au gouvernement, en disant que nous ne ferons pas de compromis sur le droit à l’existence des plus anciens ou des personnes en situation de handicap. C’est pourquoi je vous invite à voter l’amendement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965244",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965244"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "…ce n’est pas grâce à vous, monsieur le rapporteur. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 54 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3965075",
   "amendment": "1144",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 494,
   "amendments": [
    "1144"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965244",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Nc51080778536",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…ce n’est pas grâce à vous, monsieur le rapporteur. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "ministre déléguée",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965246",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965246"
   ],
   "order": 496,
   "text": "Le rehaussement de l’Ondam vise à revoir le niveau de dépenses dans le champ médico-social. Il prend en compte les votes précédents qui permettent de résorber le déficit de la branche autonomie mais aussi de prévoir un fonds spécialement dédié à la qualité et à la transformation de l’offre des Ehpad. Ce fonds va donc plus loin que celui qui vise à répondre aux difficultés financières des Ehpad, que nous avions créé l’année dernière.À cela s’ajoute tout ce qui a été prévu dans ce budget : je pense à l’habitat partagé, au plan « 50 000 solutions » qui offrira de nouvelles pistes, et à bien d’autres mesures prévues dans le champ médico-social pour répondre aux besoins de nos concitoyens âgés et en situation de handicap.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 54 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3965075",
   "amendment": "1144",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 496,
   "amendments": [
    "1144"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965246",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "N29ccf8ea5128",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le rehaussement de l’Ondam vise à revoir le niveau de dépenses dans le champ médico-social. Il prend en compte les votes précédents qui permettent de résorber le déficit de la branche autonomie mais aussi de prévoir un fonds spécialement dédié à la qualité et à la transformation de l’offre des Ehpad. Ce fonds va donc plus loin que celui qui vise à répondre aux difficultés financières des Ehpad, que nous avions créé l’année dernière.À cela s’ajoute tout ce qui a été prévu dans ce budget : je pense à l’habitat partagé, au plan « 50 000 solutions » qui offrira de nouvelles pistes, et à bien d’autres mesures prévues dans le champ médico-social pour répondre aux besoins de nos concitoyens âgés et en situation de handicap."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965249",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965249"
   ],
   "order": 499,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à rehausser de 150 millions d’euros l’objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie – cette somme serait affectée aux Ehpad. Pour ma part, je n’arrive pas très bien à comprendre comment vous comptez améliorer ou développer des prises en charge avec 150 millions d’euros. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EPR.) Vous vous exclamez, mais combien d’Ehpad, publics par exemple, cette somme permettra-t-elle d’ouvrir ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 54 (précédemment réservé) / ",
   "article": "Article 54 (précédemment réservé)",
   "article_id": "3965075",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 499,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965249",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "N8735374b73b8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à rehausser de 150 millions d’euros l’objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie – cette somme serait affectée aux Ehpad. Pour ma part, je n’arrive pas très bien à comprendre comment vous comptez améliorer ou développer des prises en charge avec 150 millions d’euros. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Vous vous exclamez, mais combien d’Ehpad, publics par exemple, cette somme permettra-t-elle d’ouvrir ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964904",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964904"
   ],
   "order": 712,
   "text": "Nous sommes appelés à voter la troisième partie du PLFSS, relative aux dépenses. Force est de constater, et nous le faisons tous, que le pire a été évité : l’année blanche, le gel des pensions de retraite et des allocations, la suppression des exonérations de cotisations sur les rémunérations des apprentis. Peut-être était-ce là le but de l’inscription de ces mesures dans la troisième partie : permettre à certains de revendiquer une victoire après en avoir obtenu la suppression, alors que nous avons seulement évité le pire.Pourtant, tout le pire n’a pas été évité. Il reste la suppression de la majoration des allocations familiales lorsque les enfants dépassent l’âge de 14 ans, la taxe sur les mutuelles, les bonus-malus sur les hôpitaux, la tarification à l’acte dans le médico-social, la participation forfaitaire sur la protection universelle maladie (Puma) et la création de France Santé.Cependant, dans ce texte, il y a aussi des mesures positives : la suspension de la réforme des retraites, qui permettra à une génération de partir trois mois plus tôt, et l’augmentation de l’Ondam – nous ne savons certes pas où sera pris l’argent qui la permettra, mais nous actons le fait que des milliards supplémentaires ont été accordés. Peut-être augmentera-t-on le déficit dans le projet de loi de finances ou peut-être instaurera-t-on de nouveaux impôts sur les riches – faisons le vœu que cette dernière option soit retenue. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.) Ce PLFSS comprend aussi le congé de naissance et une meilleure prise en considération des carrières des femmes dans le calcul de la retraite.Cette partie dépenses est donc un melting-pot résultant de ce qui a été évité, de ce que nous avons obtenu et de ce qui n’a pas été évité. Le groupe Écologiste et social s’abstiendra lors du vote. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Troisième partie)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 712,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964904",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 306,
   "annotation_id": "N520d7b0120bc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes appelés à voter la troisième partie du PLFSS, relative aux dépenses. Force est de constater, et nous le faisons tous, que le pire a été évité : l’année blanche, le gel des pensions de retraite et des allocations, la suppression des exonérations de cotisations sur les rémunérations des apprentis. Peut-être était-ce là le but de l’inscription de ces mesures dans la troisième partie : permettre à certains de revendiquer une victoire après en avoir obtenu la suppression, alors que nous avons seulement évité le pire.Pourtant, tout le pire n’a pas été évité. Il reste la suppression de la majoration des allocations familiales lorsque les enfants dépassent l’âge de 14 ans, la taxe sur les mutuelles, les bonus-malus sur les hôpitaux, la tarification à l’acte dans le médico-social, la participation forfaitaire sur la protection universelle maladie (Puma) et la création de France Santé.Cependant, dans ce texte, il y a aussi des mesures positives : la suspension de la réforme des retraites, qui permettra à une génération de partir trois mois plus tôt, et l’augmentation de l’Ondam – nous ne savons certes pas où sera pris l’argent qui la permettra, mais nous actons le fait que des milliards supplémentaires ont été accordés. Peut-être augmentera-t-on le déficit dans le projet de loi de finances ou peut-être instaurera-t-on de nouveaux impôts sur les riches – faisons le vœu que cette dernière option soit retenue. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ce PLFSS comprend aussi le congé de naissance et une meilleure prise en considération des carrières des femmes dans le calcul de la retraite.Cette partie dépenses est donc un melting-pot résultant de ce qui a été évité, de ce que nous avons obtenu et de ce qui n’a pas été évité. Le groupe [GROUPE] s’abstiendra lors du vote. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964909",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964909"
   ],
   "order": 717,
   "text": "Le groupe Les Démocrates votera sans hésiter pour la troisième partie du PLFSS. Nous aurions certes souhaité plus d’économies sur les dépenses, mais cette partie est le reflet d’un compromis qui nous semble utile pour la sécurité sociale. Quoi qu’on en dise, il comporte un Ondam en progression de 3 %, profitable notamment aux hôpitaux. Après vérification, nous confirmons la cohérence des chiffres communiqués et nous saluons l’effort de sincérité du gouvernement.La partie dépenses comporte des dispositions intéressantes. Par exemple, notre groupe considère que la culture de la prévention est la révolution intellectuelle que nous devons engager pour sauver notre système de protection sociale. Les mesures sur la vaccination en Ehpad ou le panier de soins pour prévenir les ALD vont incontestablement dans le bon sens et il faudra les amplifier dans les prochaines années. Nous nous félicitons aussi de l’adoption du congé de naissance, ainsi que des mesures en faveur des retraites des femmes, issues de réflexions menées dans le cadre du conclave.Pour toutes ces raisons, nous voterons la partie dépenses, mais ce texte nous engage. Nous serons donc très vigilants s’agissant de l’exécution du PLFSS, notamment sur le respect de l’Ondam, car il y va de la pérennité de notre système de santé. Face à celles et ceux qui nous promettent la lune, qui annoncent tout et son contraire, nous choisissons l’esprit de responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Troisième partie)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 717,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964909",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 240,
   "annotation_id": "Naffa5caf3b6f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] votera sans hésiter pour la troisième partie du PLFSS. Nous aurions certes souhaité plus d’économies sur les dépenses, mais cette partie est le reflet d’un compromis qui nous semble utile pour la sécurité sociale. Quoi qu’on en dise, il comporte un Ondam en progression de 3 %, profitable notamment aux hôpitaux. Après vérification, nous confirmons la cohérence des chiffres communiqués et nous saluons l’effort de sincérité du gouvernement.La partie dépenses comporte des dispositions intéressantes. Par exemple, notre groupe considère que la culture de la prévention est la révolution intellectuelle que nous devons engager pour sauver notre système de protection sociale. Les mesures sur la vaccination en Ehpad ou le panier de soins pour prévenir les ALD vont incontestablement dans le bon sens et il faudra les amplifier dans les prochaines années. Nous nous félicitons aussi de l’adoption du congé de naissance, ainsi que des mesures en faveur des retraites des femmes, issues de réflexions menées dans le cadre du conclave.Pour toutes ces raisons, nous voterons la partie dépenses, mais ce texte nous engage. Nous serons donc très vigilants s’agissant de l’exécution du PLFSS, notamment sur le respect de l’Ondam, car il y va de la pérennité de notre système de santé. Face à celles et ceux qui nous promettent la lune, qui annoncent tout et son contraire, nous choisissons l’esprit de responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964913",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964913"
   ],
   "order": 721,
   "text": "Au moment de voter la partie dépenses du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, j’invite chacun ici à regarder avec lucidité ce qu’elle contient après son examen en nouvelle lecture. D’abord, le gouvernement, à la demande du groupe socialiste, a réintroduit la suspension de la réforme des retraites, alors que tant d’élus sur ces bancs affirmaient que cette réforme était vitale pour la survie de notre modèle social. En adoptant cette suspension, vous validez l’idée que travailler moins serait possible, alors que ni la démographie ni les équilibres budgétaires ne le permettent.Ensuite, plus de 8 milliards d’euros de dépenses viennent s’ajouter à celles qui étaient prévues dans le texte initial, d’où un déficit de 25 milliards d’euros avant transferts. Pour afficher un déficit de façade inférieur à 20 milliards, vous allez chercher 4,5 milliards dans le budget de l’État pour colmater les trous du budget de la sécurité sociale. Personne ne peut sérieusement expliquer où seront trouvés ces 4,5 milliards d’euros autrement que dans plus de dettes et plus d’impôts.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Troisième partie)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 721,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964913",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 173,
   "annotation_id": "Nfeadf0317aa1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au moment de voter la partie dépenses du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, j’invite chacun ici à regarder avec lucidité ce qu’elle contient après son examen en nouvelle lecture. D’abord, le gouvernement, à la demande du groupe [GROUPE], a réintroduit la suspension de la réforme des retraites, alors que tant d’élus sur ces bancs affirmaient que cette réforme était vitale pour la survie de notre modèle social. En adoptant cette suspension, vous validez l’idée que travailler moins serait possible, alors que ni la démographie ni les équilibres budgétaires ne le permettent.Ensuite, plus de 8 milliards d’euros de dépenses viennent s’ajouter à celles qui étaient prévues dans le texte initial, d’où un déficit de 25 milliards d’euros avant transferts. Pour afficher un déficit de façade inférieur à 20 milliards, vous allez chercher 4,5 milliards dans le budget de l’État pour colmater les trous du budget de la sécurité sociale. Personne ne peut sérieusement expliquer où seront trouvés ces 4,5 milliards d’euros autrement que dans plus de dettes et plus d’impôts."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964986",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3964986"
   ],
   "order": 750,
   "text": "Sur ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, vous déplorez les dérapages budgétaires dont vous êtes les auteurs, vous dénoncez les déficits structurels dont vous êtes les responsables. Vous pouvez tenter de détourner le regard ou de chercher des responsables ailleurs, mais la cause originelle du problème n’est pas votre opposition, qui vous lance des alertes : c’est Emmanuel Macron et la politique destructrice qu’il vous impose de conduire depuis près de neuf ans ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.) Ce texte n’en est qu’une illustration parmi d’autres : il prévoit plus de taxes pour les Français, plus de contraintes pour les entreprises et plus de difficultés pour notre système d’accès aux soins. Votre trajectoire politique nous mène droit dans le mur et vous accélérez !Alors que beaucoup, comme le président de la Cour des comptes, Pierre Moscovici, vous alertent sur la perte de contrôle de nos finances sociales, vous refusez, par manque de pragmatisme, par aveuglement idéologique – ou les deux à la fois –, de vous attaquer aux vrais chantiers d’économies et de réduction des dépenses : l’immigration, la suradministration, les dérapages des comptes sociaux, les insincérités budgétaires ou encore la lutte contre la fraude. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.) À ce sujet, nous réclamons depuis des années des mesures fermes et fortes contre les fraudeurs et nous serons très exigeants sur le texte dont l’examen démarre ce soir.Votre PLFSS est socialement injuste et économiquement délétère. Toujours irritant, malgré nos efforts pour le rendre le moins néfaste possible pour les Français, il demeure inacceptable. Comme s’abstenir, c’est voter pour, nous voterons donc contre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)Ce mauvais texte est conforme au bilan désastreux du macronisme, qui aura fait tant de mal à la France et aux Français. Le macronisme, c’est plus de 1 100 milliards d’euros de dette, un tissu économique en crise, une désindustrialisation accélérée, l’appauvrissement des Français, l’explosion des prix de l’énergie et l’abandon des territoires, sans parler de vos marques régulières de mépris et d’arrogance – la signature macroniste. Votre bilan économique est catastrophique. Vous avez perdu le droit de donner des leçons d’économie à qui que ce soit ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Votre bilan social est lui aussi catastrophique. Les Français souffrent et leurs moyens de vivre se réduisent à grande vitesse. Notre modèle social s’effondre sous nos yeux. Les services publics de proximité se dégradent et reculent. La désertification médicale s’accentue, générant une grave perte de chance pour les patients et le renoncement aux soins d’un nombre croissant de Français.Les Français ne trouveront aucune source de réjouissance dans ce texte. Ils n’y verront que des taxes supplémentaires : une hausse de 1,2 milliard de la CSG sur les produits de l’épargne et du patrimoine et une hausse de 1,1 milliard des taxes sur les complémentaires santé, qui se répercuteront mécaniquement sur les tarifs, au détriment du pouvoir d’achat, alors qu’augmente sans cesse le reste à charge dans les dépenses de santé. Quant aux soignants, ils y trouveront malheureusement une nouvelle étape d’obligation vaccinale, sans aucun respect du principe de liberté.Le groupe RN a tenté de limiter la casse en supprimant certains irritants comme le gel des pensions de retraite et des prestations sociales pour les familles ou les personnes handicapées. La seule maigre avancée de ce texte est le report de l’application de la réforme des retraites, en attendant les élections présidentielles de 2027 et la mise en œuvre d’une réforme juste : celle défendue par Marine Le Pen ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)Rien n’est proposé pour lutter contre la financiarisation de la santé, pour accroître le nombre de soignants, pour soutenir la médecine libérale, la médecine des villes et des villages, et pour répondre à la crise des urgences hospitalières. Ce budget social est une nouvelle fois condamné à l’échec car vous refusez de vous remettre en cause. Vous ne tirez jamais les leçons de vos erreurs. Pire, vous vous déresponsabilisez, alors que ce texte ne répond en rien aux problèmes cruciaux de la santé, du travail et de la solidarité.Les Français souhaitent une rupture. Ils veulent une alternance pour voir un véritable changement de cap, un changement politique concret. Ils n’attendent plus rien des gouvernements macronistes, si ce n’est leur départ. Seul le Rassemblement national aura le courage de changer réellement le cap au service des Français. Nous redonnerons confiance et espoir dans la politique menée pour la nation française. Courage, patience, nous arrivons ! (Les députés des groupes RN et UDR se lèvent et applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 750,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3964986",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 765,
   "annotation_id": "N09c460f6e022",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "une grave perte de chance pour les patients et le renoncement aux soins d’un nombre croissant de Français.Les Français ne trouveront aucune source de réjouissance dans ce texte. Ils n’y verront que des taxes supplémentaires : une hausse de 1,2 milliard de la CSG sur les produits de l’épargne et du patrimoine et une hausse de 1,1 milliard des taxes sur les complémentaires santé, qui se répercuteront mécaniquement sur les tarifs, au détriment du pouvoir d’achat, alors qu’augmente sans cesse le reste à charge dans les dépenses de santé. Quant aux soignants, ils y trouveront malheureusement une nouvelle étape d’obligation vaccinale, sans aucun respect du principe de liberté.Le groupe [GROUPE] a tenté de limiter la casse en supprimant certains irritants comme le gel des pensions de retraite et des prestations sociales pour les familles ou les personnes handicapées. La seule maigre avancée de ce texte est le report de l’application de la réforme des retraites, en attendant les élections présidentielles de 2027 et la mise en œuvre d’une réforme juste : celle défendue par [PERSONNE] ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Rien n’est proposé pour lutter contre la financiarisation de la santé, pour accroître le nombre de soignants, pour soutenir"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965223",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965223"
   ],
   "order": 823,
   "text": "Notre ligne, les députés de la Droite républicaine l’ont défendue avec beaucoup de sérieux tout au long des débats. Nous avons indiqué clairement que le projet de loi initial était inacceptable et nous avons obtenu, dans cet hémicycle, des avancées en faveur de la France qui travaille, avec le retour de la défiscalisation intégrale des heures supplémentaires (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe DR), et des avancées en faveur de la France qui a travaillé toute sa vie, avec la revalorisation de toutes les pensions de retraite indexée sur l’inflation. Pour nous, la retraite n’est pas un privilège mais, je le répète, le fruit d’une vie passée à travailler, à cotiser. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.) En faveur des classes moyennes, citons la suppression de la hausse de la CSG sur des produits d’épargne plébiscités par les Français comme l’assurance vie et le plan d’épargne logement (PEL). Enfin, en faveur de nos professionnels de santé, nous avons obtenu que le texte revienne sur l’essentiel des mesures qui allaient pénaliser les pharmaciens et les médecins libéraux, si précieux dans nos territoires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)Cependant, ce budget ne correspond pas à celui que nous aurions souhaité pour la sécurité sociale et l’assurance maladie : il comporte des hausses d’impôt et de taxe certes réduites par notre mobilisation, largement inférieures à ce que réclamaient le Parti socialiste et La France insoumise, mais des hausses d’impôt tout de même. Par ailleurs, il ne contient aucune réforme structurelle qui permettrait de dégager des économies d’ampleur pour réduire nos déficits et assurer le financement de nos services publics. Pour beaucoup d’entre nous, la suspension de la réforme des retraites sans financement constitue un élément préoccupant pour l’avenir de notre régime de retraite face à l’implacable réalité de l’évolution démographique. Non, ce budget ne correspond pas à nos convictions. Ce n’est pas le budget parfait, mais dans la situation actuelle, soyons lucides : un budget idéal est un budget impossible. L’absence de budget, qui conduirait à laisser dériver nos comptes sociaux et à priver de moyens supplémentaires nos hôpitaux, nos Ehpad et nos professionnels de santé, n’est pas plus souhaitable. Dans leur majorité, les députés de notre groupe s’abstiendront. Nous ne prendrons pas le risque de bloquer l’adoption de ce texte.Chers collègues, lorsque les Français n’ont plus les moyens de payer leurs factures, ils commencent par faire le point sur les dépenses de leur foyer qui peuvent être réduites. Ils ne vont pas demander toujours plus d’argent à leurs voisins, notamment ceux qui travaillent. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.) C’est ce travail exigeant que nous devons conduire, ce travail que nos compatriotes attendent. Dès demain, nous poursuivrons notre travail parlementaire exigeant et nous œuvrerons en faveur des réformes structurelles que nous estimons indispensables pour sauver notre système de protection sociale et redresser le pays : diminuer les dépenses inutiles de l’administration, limiter l’accès aux étrangers qui n’ont jamais contribué à notre système, lutter contre la fraude sociale qui mine tant nos comptes publics que la confiance des Français, revaloriser toujours le travail face à l’assistanat, avec la création d’une aide sociale unique, qui permet de garantir un écart net entre les revenus du travail et les revenus de l’assistanat (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR),…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 823,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965223",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 555,
   "annotation_id": "Ncaeb7f0702e9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "qui permettrait de dégager des économies d’ampleur pour réduire nos déficits et assurer le financement de nos services publics. Pour beaucoup d’entre nous, la suspension de la réforme des retraites sans financement constitue un élément préoccupant pour l’avenir de notre régime de retraite face à l’implacable réalité de l’évolution démographique. Non, ce budget ne correspond pas à nos convictions. Ce n’est pas le budget parfait, mais dans la situation actuelle, soyons lucides : un budget idéal est un budget impossible. L’absence de budget, qui conduirait à laisser dériver nos comptes sociaux et à priver de moyens supplémentaires nos hôpitaux, nos Ehpad et nos professionnels de santé, n’est pas plus souhaitable. Dans leur majorité, les députés de notre groupe s’abstiendront. Nous ne prendrons pas le risque de bloquer l’adoption de ce texte.Chers collègues, lorsque les Français n’ont plus les moyens de payer leurs factures, ils commencent par faire le point sur les dépenses de leur foyer qui peuvent être réduites. Ils ne vont pas demander toujours plus d’argent à leurs voisins, notamment ceux qui travaillent. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.) C’est ce travail exigeant que nous devons conduire, ce travail que nos compatriotes attendent. Dès demain, nous poursuivrons notre travail"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965367",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965367"
   ],
   "order": 827,
   "text": "…simplifier drastiquement pour lutter contre une bureaucratie administrative qui pose quotidiennement problème à tous les Français – tout est devenu compliqué – et qui entrave nos services publics de santé et les administrations de sécurité sociale.Nous en sommes convaincus, les Français attendent que nous fassions œuvre utile, même dans cette période imparfaite – y en a-t-il vraiment de plus faciles que d’autres ? –, en attendant la saine confrontation démocratique du débat présidentiel qui commencera l’année prochaine et qui permettra de faire les grands choix qui présideront à l’avenir de notre pays. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 827,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965367",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 99,
   "annotation_id": "Nc4f1ea3f2e30",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…simplifier drastiquement pour lutter contre une bureaucratie administrative qui pose quotidiennement problème à tous les Français – tout est devenu compliqué – et qui entrave nos services publics de santé et les administrations de sécurité sociale.Nous en sommes convaincus, les Français attendent que nous fassions œuvre utile, même dans cette période imparfaite – y en a-t-il vraiment de plus faciles que d’autres ? –, en attendant la saine confrontation démocratique du débat présidentiel qui commencera l’année prochaine et qui permettra de faire les grands choix qui présideront à l’avenir de notre pays. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721486",
   "speaker": "Christophe Naegelen",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Naegelen (LIOT)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965522",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965522"
   ],
   "order": 875,
   "text": "Le texte soumis à notre vote ne nous satisfait pas, mais il est le résultat d’un travail parlementaire mené par des groupes qui n’ont ni les mêmes idées ni les mêmes priorités et qui ont néanmoins accepté de discuter et de chercher un compromis ensemble. Ce n’est donc pas le texte que chacun aurait écrit, mais c’est un texte débattu et travaillé collectivement. Cette démarche, trop rare, mérite d’être soutenue.Trois questions se posent à cet instant. Ce texte nous convient-il dans son intégralité ? La réponse est clairement non. Nous avons d’ailleurs exprimé nos points de désaccord. Deuxièmement, l’absence de texte serait-elle préférable ? Certainement pas.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 875,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965522",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "Nb96f9203edd9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte soumis à notre vote ne nous satisfait pas, mais il est le résultat d’un travail parlementaire mené par des groupes qui n’ont ni les mêmes idées ni les mêmes priorités et qui ont néanmoins accepté de discuter et de chercher un compromis ensemble. Ce n’est donc pas le texte que chacun aurait écrit, mais c’est un texte débattu et travaillé collectivement. Cette démarche, trop rare, mérite d’être soutenue.Trois questions se posent à cet instant. Ce texte nous convient-il dans son intégralité ? La réponse est clairement non. Nous avons d’ailleurs exprimé nos points de désaccord. Deuxièmement, l’absence de texte serait-elle préférable ? Certainement pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721486",
   "speaker": "Christophe Naegelen",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Naegelen",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965526",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965526"
   ],
   "order": 878,
   "text": "Un PLFSS qui n’est pas adopté, c’est un déficit qui se creuse automatiquement, faute de mesures de redressement. C’est aussi une perte de visibilité majeure pour les hôpitaux, les Ehpad, les professionnels de santé, pour tous ceux qui ont besoin de prévisions, de trajectoires financières, de repères stables pour assurer leurs missions. Si le PLFSS est le texte des plus fragiles, il est aussi celui des acteurs qui les accompagnent, dans des conditions souvent très contraintes. C’est en gardant à l’esprit la situation de ces acteurs essentiels que nous devons nous prononcer et prendre nos responsabilités en leur donnant plus de moyens pour leurs missions.Troisièmement, le texte final est-il meilleur que celui présenté initialement par le gouvernement ? Oui, sans ambiguïté. Et c’est le fruit du travail du Parlement. Ce texte inclut, grâce à mon groupe, des corrections importantes.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 878,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965526",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "N6f986768c03c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Un PLFSS qui n’est pas adopté, c’est un déficit qui se creuse automatiquement, faute de mesures de redressement. C’est aussi une perte de visibilité majeure pour les hôpitaux, les Ehpad, les professionnels de santé, pour tous ceux qui ont besoin de prévisions, de trajectoires financières, de repères stables pour assurer leurs missions. Si le PLFSS est le texte des plus fragiles, il est aussi celui des acteurs qui les accompagnent, dans des conditions souvent très contraintes. C’est en gardant à l’esprit la situation de ces acteurs essentiels que nous devons nous prononcer et prendre nos responsabilités en leur donnant plus de moyens pour leurs missions.Troisièmement, le texte final est-il meilleur que celui présenté initialement par le gouvernement ? Oui, sans ambiguïté. Et c’est le fruit du travail du Parlement. Ce texte inclut, grâce à mon groupe, des corrections importantes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087",
   "date": "2025-12-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30039",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 09 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087.xml",
   "source_sha256": "218d7fb91de02ae82a53db88081ede79d746bd78077d3c273498eda63a034999",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721486",
   "speaker": "Christophe Naegelen",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Naegelen",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965529",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3965529"
   ],
   "order": 881,
   "text": "Le groupe Libertés, indépendants, outre-mer et territoires a tâché de protéger les salariés, les classes moyennes, les retraités : suppression du gel des prestations sociales, maintien de l’exonération salariale sur les contrats d’apprentissage conclus à partir du 1er janvier 2026 au bénéfice des jeunes travailleurs, maintien du dispositif Lodeom ainsi que son extension à Mayotte, défendue par notre groupe…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote (Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale)",
   "article": "Article liminaire (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3964407",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 881,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N087-3965529",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 59,
   "annotation_id": "N5cd3d5949f09",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] a tâché de protéger les salariés, les classes moyennes, les retraités : suppression du gel des prestations sociales, maintien de l’exonération salariale sur les contrats d’apprentissage conclus à partir du 1er janvier 2026 au bénéfice des jeunes travailleurs, maintien du dispositif Lodeom ainsi que son extension à Mayotte, défendue par notre groupe…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29959",
   "title": "Troisième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9bc8f7707b103d9109193eba98b31ee3c1b4b710769f43051d510452c4ac04b5",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045-3903777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3903777"
   ],
   "order": 503,
   "text": "Par cet article, vous remettez en cause le statut des personnes souffrant d’une ALD dite non exonérante en supprimant la dérogation qui leur est accordée quant à la durée des arrêts de travail. Vous divisez par trois leurs droits, en les alignant sur les 360 jours accordés à l’ensemble des patients. En somme, vous faites comme si ces pathologies ne relevaient pas de la longue durée.Nous partons au contraire du principe que les médecins savent ce qu’ils font et qu’ils sont à même de décider du protocole de soins le mieux adapté à un patient. Votre disposition, qui s’attaque aux patients, remet donc également gravement en cause les médecins.Nous ne partageons pas non plus votre pensée magique : la restriction des droits de ces malades ne supprimera pas l’ALD dont ils souffrent. La dépression légère et les troubles musculo-squelettiques – troubles les plus fréquents en ALD non exonérante – existeront toujours. Votre disposition ne conduira les personnes qui en souffrent qu’à se soigner moins bien : elles refuseront un deuxième ou un troisième arrêt en raison des jours de carence désormais appliqués ou bien le médecin ne pourra pas les arrêter à la hauteur de leurs besoins car elles n’auront plus assez de jours au compteur.C’est une très mauvaise mesure.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Article 28 (suite) / Article 29",
   "article": "Article 29",
   "article_id": "3903762",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 503,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045-3903777",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 210,
   "annotation_id": "N7856881ec6eb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet article, vous remettez en cause le statut des personnes souffrant d’une ALD dite non exonérante en supprimant la dérogation qui leur est accordée quant à la durée des arrêts de travail. Vous divisez par trois leurs droits, en les alignant sur les 360 jours accordés à l’ensemble des patients. En somme, vous faites comme si ces pathologies ne relevaient pas de la longue durée.Nous partons au contraire du principe que les médecins savent ce qu’ils font et qu’ils sont à même de décider du protocole de soins le mieux adapté à un patient. Votre disposition, qui s’attaque aux patients, remet donc également gravement en cause les médecins.Nous ne partageons pas non plus votre pensée magique : la restriction des droits de ces malades ne supprimera pas l’ALD dont ils souffrent. La dépression légère et les troubles musculo-squelettiques – troubles les plus fréquents en ALD non exonérante – existeront toujours. Votre disposition ne conduira les personnes qui en souffrent qu’à se soigner moins bien : elles refuseront un deuxième ou un troisième arrêt en raison des jours de carence désormais appliqués ou bien le médecin ne pourra pas les arrêter à la hauteur de leurs besoins car elles n’auront plus assez de jours au compteur.C’est une très mauvaise mesure."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045",
   "date": "2025-11-09",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29959",
   "title": "Troisième séance du dimanche 09 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9bc8f7707b103d9109193eba98b31ee3c1b4b710769f43051d510452c4ac04b5",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774958",
   "speaker": "Gérard Leseul",
   "quality": "M. Gérard Leseul",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045-3903782",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3903782"
   ],
   "order": 508,
   "text": "Le gouvernement semble considérer que les gens font exprès d’être malades.L’esprit de la sécurité sociale, c’est de protéger contre les risques de maladie parce qu’on ne sait pas si la maladie va frapper, ni où, ni quand – ni qui d’ailleurs.Alors nous cotisons, pour bénéficier d’une protection, mais aussi pour obtenir une indemnisation et une prise en charge lorsque la maladie nous empêche de travailler.Les malades atteints d’affections de longue durée bénéficient d’un régime dérogatoire journalier plus favorable que le droit commun, parce qu’il s’agit de maladies de longue durée, pas de simples grippes. Supprimer ce régime dérogatoire pour les ALD dites non exonérantes constituerait un recul majeur, à la fois sur le plan sanitaire et sur le plan social, pour notre société.Alors travaillons davantage sur la prévention et sur les causes de ces maladies chroniques…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Article 28 (suite) / Article 29 / ",
   "article": "Article 29",
   "article_id": "3903762",
   "amendment": "682",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 508,
   "amendments": [
    "682"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N045-3903782",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 136,
   "annotation_id": "Nfd5fda38e7bc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le gouvernement semble considérer que les gens font exprès d’être malades.L’esprit de la sécurité sociale, c’est de protéger contre les risques de maladie parce qu’on ne sait pas si la maladie va frapper, ni où, ni quand – ni qui d’ailleurs.Alors nous cotisons, pour bénéficier d’une protection, mais aussi pour obtenir une indemnisation et une prise en charge lorsque la maladie nous empêche de travailler.Les malades atteints d’affections de longue durée bénéficient d’un régime dérogatoire journalier plus favorable que le droit commun, parce qu’il s’agit de maladies de longue durée, pas de simples grippes. Supprimer ce régime dérogatoire pour les ALD dites non exonérantes constituerait un recul majeur, à la fois sur le plan sanitaire et sur le plan social, pour notre société.Alors travaillons davantage sur la prévention et sur les causes de ces maladies chroniques…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29872",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f9e6dc6472492bb29fd1d32589d6d5bb849975da0c9fbc6f0447a653fcabbf34",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840817",
   "speaker": "Joël Bruneau",
   "quality": "M. Joël Bruneau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3904199",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3904199"
   ],
   "order": 21,
   "text": "Madame la ministre de la santé, la semaine dernière, nous avons appris que le service d’urgences du CHU de Caen n’accueillerait plus d’internes.Avec mes collègues, le maire de Caen et le président de la communauté urbaine de Caen la mer, nous vous avions déjà alertée. Je tiens d’ailleurs à vous remercier pour la mobilisation de la réserve sanitaire, solution qui n’est malheureusement que temporaire face à une crise aiguë qui fait suite à plusieurs mois de difficultés récurrentes.Cette décision de retrait des internes est inédite et grave car elle remet en cause deux des missions centrales d’un CHU : former et soigner.Je tiens à apporter tout mon soutien aux internes et personnels soignants du CHU touchés par cette situation, qui n’est pas spécifique à Caen, mais reflète une faille majeure dans l’organisation de notre système de santé et plus particulièrement dans celui des urgences.En effet, alors que nous manquons d’urgentistes hospitaliers, les hôpitaux publics peuvent se livrer à une concurrence malsaine – comme dans le Calvados – aboutissant à une répartition des praticiens sans lien avec le nombre de patients accueillis sur chaque site.Cette situation découle de problèmes d’ordre organisationnel à l’échelle du groupement hospitalier de territoire, mais aussi d’un manque d’attractivité de l’hôpital public, notamment pour les missions à fortes contraintes, comme les urgences.Le gouvernement compte-t-il engager un travail de fond sur l’attractivité de l’hôpital public, notamment du métier de médecin urgentiste ? Le gouvernement compte-t-il doter les ARS ou les GHT d’outils juridiques qui leur permettent de mieux organiser les soins ? Une coopération entre établissements pourrait aboutir à la création d’équipes médicales de territoire, à tout le moins à la définition d’une quotité obligatoire de travail dans l’établissement support pour tout praticien urgentiste dans un même territoire ?Les élus locaux et moi-même sommes à votre disposition pour évoquer plus longuement la situation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et Dem.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / CHU de Caen",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 21,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3904199",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 322,
   "annotation_id": "Nfb10ededad8b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre de la santé, la semaine dernière, nous avons appris que le service d’urgences du CHU de Caen n’accueillerait plus d’internes.Avec mes collègues, le maire de Caen et le président de la communauté urbaine de Caen la mer, nous vous avions déjà alertée. Je tiens d’ailleurs à vous remercier pour la mobilisation de la réserve sanitaire, solution qui n’est malheureusement que temporaire face à une crise aiguë qui fait suite à plusieurs mois de difficultés récurrentes.Cette décision de retrait des internes est inédite et grave car elle remet en cause deux des missions centrales d’un CHU : former et soigner.Je tiens à apporter tout mon soutien aux internes et personnels soignants du CHU touchés par cette situation, qui n’est pas spécifique à Caen, mais reflète une faille majeure dans l’organisation de notre système de santé et plus particulièrement dans celui des urgences.En effet, alors que nous manquons d’urgentistes hospitaliers, les hôpitaux publics peuvent se livrer à une concurrence malsaine – comme dans le Calvados – aboutissant à une répartition des praticiens sans lien avec le nombre de patients accueillis sur chaque site.Cette situation découle de problèmes d’ordre organisationnel à l’échelle du groupement hospitalier de territoire, mais aussi d’un manque d’attractivité de l’hôpital public, notamment pour les missions à fortes contraintes, comme les urgences.Le gouvernement compte-t-il engager un travail de fond sur l’attractivité de l’hôpital public, notamment du métier de médecin urgentiste ? Le gouvernement compte-t-il doter les ARS ou les GHT d’outils juridiques qui leur permettent de mieux organiser les soins ? Une coopération entre établissements pourrait aboutir à la création d’équipes médicales de territoire, à tout le moins à la définition d’une quotité obligatoire de travail dans l’établissement support pour tout praticien urgentiste dans un même territoire ?Les élus locaux et moi-même sommes à votre disposition pour évoquer plus longuement la situation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29872",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f9e6dc6472492bb29fd1d32589d6d5bb849975da0c9fbc6f0447a653fcabbf34",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3904208",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3904208"
   ],
   "order": 30,
   "text": "Je vous remercie pour votre question concernant le CHU de Caen et son service d’urgences, où les internes n’ont pas pu entamer, au 1er novembre, leur stage de six mois, du fait de l’absence d’encadrants. Ce service n’aura donc pas d’internes pendant six mois.Notre pays compte 612 services d’urgences, que nous suivons de très près en essayant notamment d’anticiper et d’agir pour éviter de telles difficultés.D’ailleurs, il me semble important, alors que l’épidémie hivernale arrive, de rappeler à nos concitoyens que la vaccination contre la grippe, des personnes âgées de plus de 65 ans et de santé fragile, permettra d’éviter que les services d’urgences, dans les semaines qui viennent, ne soient très encombrés.Pour revenir au CHU de Caen, nous avons immédiatement pris des mesures. D’abord, j’ai demandé à l’ARS de diligenter un rapport pour comprendre les raisons de ces difficultés. Ensuite, nous avons envoyé une réserve sanitaire composée d’urgentistes qui consolideront et soutiendront l’équipe actuelle. Enfin, grâce à la prime de solidarité territoriale, nous avons fait en sorte que les urgentistes des autres établissements puissent venir renforcer l’équipe. Nous avons donc activé les différents leviers possibles. Je remercie d’ailleurs les professionnels qui s’activent pour faire fonctionner ce service – certes régulé par le Samu, les personnes devant d’abord appeler le 15 pour s’y rendre.Vous demandez comment nous allons avancer, notamment avec les groupements hospitaliers de territoire. C’est un enjeu très important, puisque plusieurs rapports montrent que ces groupements, là où ils fonctionnent, aident les établissements les plus en difficulté.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / CHU de Caen",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 30,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3904208",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 249,
   "annotation_id": "N7c56074b3ddb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie pour votre question concernant le CHU de Caen et son service d’urgences, où les internes n’ont pas pu entamer, au 1er novembre, leur stage de six mois, du fait de l’absence d’encadrants. Ce service n’aura donc pas d’internes pendant six mois.Notre pays compte 612 services d’urgences, que nous suivons de très près en essayant notamment d’anticiper et d’agir pour éviter de telles difficultés.D’ailleurs, il me semble important, alors que l’épidémie hivernale arrive, de rappeler à nos concitoyens que la vaccination contre la grippe, des personnes âgées de plus de 65 ans et de santé fragile, permettra d’éviter que les services d’urgences, dans les semaines qui viennent, ne soient très encombrés.Pour revenir au CHU de Caen, nous avons immédiatement pris des mesures. D’abord, j’ai demandé à l’ARS de diligenter un rapport pour comprendre les raisons de ces difficultés. Ensuite, nous avons envoyé une réserve sanitaire composée d’urgentistes qui consolideront et soutiendront l’équipe actuelle. Enfin, grâce à la prime de solidarité territoriale, nous avons fait en sorte que les urgentistes des autres établissements puissent venir renforcer l’équipe. Nous avons donc activé les différents leviers possibles. Je remercie d’ailleurs les professionnels qui s’activent pour faire fonctionner ce service – certes régulé par le Samu, les personnes devant d’abord appeler le 15 pour s’y rendre.Vous demandez comment nous allons avancer, notamment avec les groupements hospitaliers de territoire. C’est un enjeu très important, puisque plusieurs rapports montrent que ces groupements, là où ils fonctionnent, aident les établissements les plus en difficulté."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29872",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.xml",
   "source_sha256": "f9e6dc6472492bb29fd1d32589d6d5bb849975da0c9fbc6f0447a653fcabbf34",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793572",
   "speaker": "Christophe Plassard",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Plassard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3904215",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3904215"
   ],
   "order": 37,
   "text": "Le groupe Horizons s’associe aux hommages rendus à l’ensemble des victimes du 13 novembre.Monsieur le ministre de l’intérieur, il y a une semaine, l’île d’Oléron a connu l’impensable : trente minutes d’une chevauchée automobile qui avait pour but de tuer. Avez-vous des nouvelles des victimes, de l’enquête et de la perspective d’un procès ?M’exprimer sur ce drame est délicat tant chaque prise de parole doit être mesurée dans de telles circonstances. Je pense que notre assemblée ne pourra que partager mes pensées pour ceux qui ont vécu ce funeste événement et, plus généralement, pour les habitants de ce territoire paisible, attaché à sa solidarité et à sa tranquillité. Je pense d’abord aux cinq victimes touchées dans leur chair, mais aussi à ceux qui ont échappé à cette catastrophe. Ensuite à tous ceux qui ont été impliqués, les habitants secourant et alertant, puis la chaîne de solidarité, d’aide et d’action composée des élus municipaux, de la police, des pompiers, de la préfecture, de la gendarmerie, du Samu, coordonnés avec efficacité par les services de l’État.Tous ont permis d’éviter un bilan plus tragique. Chaque maillon de cette chaîne a été solide, résistant, efficace.Je vous remercie de m’avoir aussitôt prévenu, d’avoir décidé de vous rendre sur place et de m’avoir proposé de vous accompagner grâce à la logistique de l’État. Notre collègue Pascal Markowsky, dont la collaboratrice parlementaire figure parmi les victimes, s’est également joint à nous.Votre présence a été un signe fort et apprécié de tous. Je sais combien la brutalité de cette journée a fait basculer la vie de nombreuses personnes. Après le temps des soins viendra celui de la reconstruction physique et psychologique, puis le parcours judiciaire et, nous le souhaitons, le procès.D’ailleurs, la population s’interroge : l’auteur des faits, un marginal mis en examen pour tentatives d’assassinat, serait atteint d’un trouble altérant son discernement. Beaucoup craignent que cela n’aboutisse à une déclaration d’irresponsabilité pénale, ce qui susciterait incompréhension et colère.De façon posée, sans polémique et dans le respect des victimes, pouvez-vous répondre à mes questions afin d’éclairer les Oléronais, et plus généralement les Français ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR. – M. Olivier Falorni applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Attaque à Oléron",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 37,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3904215",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 359,
   "annotation_id": "Nd6c8bb949ca0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe Horizons s’associe aux hommages rendus à l’ensemble des victimes du 13 novembre.Monsieur le ministre de l’intérieur, il y a une semaine, l’île d’Oléron a connu l’impensable : trente minutes d’une chevauchée automobile qui avait pour but de tuer. Avez-vous des nouvelles des victimes, de l’enquête et de la perspective d’un procès ?M’exprimer sur ce drame est délicat tant chaque prise de parole doit être mesurée dans de telles circonstances. Je pense que notre assemblée ne pourra que partager mes pensées pour ceux qui ont vécu ce funeste événement et, plus généralement, pour les habitants de ce territoire paisible, attaché à sa solidarité et à sa tranquillité. Je pense d’abord aux cinq victimes touchées dans leur chair, mais aussi à ceux qui ont échappé à cette catastrophe. Ensuite à tous ceux qui ont été impliqués, les habitants secourant et alertant, puis la chaîne de solidarité, d’aide et d’action composée des élus municipaux, de la police, des pompiers, de la préfecture, de la gendarmerie, du Samu, coordonnés avec efficacité par les services de l’État.Tous ont permis d’éviter un bilan plus tragique. Chaque maillon de cette chaîne a été solide, résistant, efficace.Je vous remercie de m’avoir aussitôt prévenu, d’avoir décidé de vous rendre sur place et de m’avoir proposé de vous accompagner grâce à la logistique de l’État. Notre collègue [PERSONNE], dont la collaboratrice parlementaire figure parmi les victimes, s’est également joint à nous.Votre présence a été un signe fort et apprécié de tous. Je sais combien la brutalité de cette journée a fait basculer la vie de nombreuses personnes. Après le temps des soins viendra celui de la reconstruction physique et psychologique, puis le parcours judiciaire et, nous le souhaitons, le procès.D’ailleurs, la population s’interroge : l’auteur des faits, un marginal mis en examen pour tentatives d’assassinat, serait atteint d’un trouble altérant son discernement. Beaucoup craignent que cela n’aboutisse à une déclaration d’irresponsabilité pénale, ce qui susciterait incompréhension et colère.De façon posée, sans polémique et dans le respect des victimes, pouvez-vous répondre à mes questions afin d’éclairer les Oléronais, et plus généralement les Français ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29872",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3905791",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 801,
   "text": "De leur côté, nos collègues socialistes et le président Hollande savent bien que la réforme Touraine avait conduit à décaler de six mois la revalorisation des retraites.Chacun doit donc faire preuve d’humilité : un peu d’archéologie politique permettra de retrouver de quoi mettre à mal les déclarations des uns et des autres.Nous essayons, une fois de plus, de trouver un chemin qui nous permette d’accompagner les retraités en revalorisant leurs pensions en fonction d’un taux inférieur à celui de l’inflation, actuellement prévu par la loi, et d’avancer au sujet des minima sociaux.J’apporterai un dernier chiffre à votre connaissance, chers collègues. Vous vous montrez tous intéressés par le pouvoir d’achat des salariés. Sachez qu’entre 2021 et 2024, il a évolué moins favorablement que celui des retraités. Cette donnée devrait nous convaincre d’abandonner nos positions et de rechercher une issue, celle du compromis.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Article 45 bis (appelé par priorité - suite) / Article 44 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 44 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3905731",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 801,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3905791",
   "case": "vaccination",
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   "annotation_id": "Nc977f5ed996b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "De leur côté, nos collègues socialistes et le président Hollande savent bien que la réforme Touraine avait conduit à décaler de six mois la revalorisation des retraites.Chacun doit donc faire preuve d’humilité : un peu d’archéologie politique permettra de retrouver de quoi mettre à mal les déclarations des uns et des autres.Nous essayons, une fois de plus, de trouver un chemin qui nous permette d’accompagner les retraités en revalorisant leurs pensions en fonction d’un taux inférieur à celui de l’inflation, actuellement prévu par la loi, et d’avancer au sujet des minima sociaux.J’apporterai un dernier chiffre à votre connaissance, chers collègues. Vous vous montrez tous intéressés par le pouvoir d’achat des salariés. Sachez qu’entre 2021 et 2024, il a évolué moins favorablement que celui des retraités. Cette donnée devrait nous convaincre d’abandonner nos positions et de rechercher une issue, celle du compromis."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29872",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3905623",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 806,
   "text": "Nous y sommes ! C’est la fameuse année blanche, le visage de ce PLFSS. Je suis un peu surpris de la passion suscitée par l’examen de l’article 45 bis : je rappelle que si l’on veut qu’il s’applique, il faudra voter l’ensemble du PLFSS. Or, pour ma part, en l’état, je ne vote pas un texte comme celui-là ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Je n’ai jamais renoncé au débat, mais vous avez refusé tous nos amendements qui visaient à augmenter les recettes, notamment en mettant à contribution ceux qui ont les moyens de payer. Conséquence, vous faites payer ceux qui ne le peuvent pas. C’est un peu comme dans la phrase attribuée à Coluche : « Il faut faire payer les pauvres, ils sont plus nombreux ! » Vous refusez de taxer ceux qui ont – à moins que ayez pour les ultrariches une adoration illimitée – et vous préférez taxer les retraités, les personnes invalides, les familles et les jeunes parents, les personnes en fin de vie ou les stagiaires de la formation professionnelle. C’est inacceptable ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR.)Nous voterons pour la suppression de l’article 44, mais cela ne suffira pas, car vous préparez encore des mauvais coups ! J’espère que nous aurons l’occasion de parler de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam). En l’état, ce PLFSS ne sauvera ni l’hôpital ni les Ehpad et, surtout, il ne permettra pas un meilleur accès aux soins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Article 45 bis (appelé par priorité - suite) / Article 44 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 44 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3905731",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 806,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
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   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 258,
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   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous y sommes ! C’est la fameuse année blanche, le visage de ce PLFSS. Je suis un peu surpris de la passion suscitée par l’examen de l’article 45 bis : je rappelle que si l’on veut qu’il s’applique, il faudra voter l’ensemble du PLFSS. Or, pour ma part, en l’état, je ne vote pas un texte comme celui-là ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Je n’ai jamais renoncé au débat, mais vous avez refusé tous nos amendements qui visaient à augmenter les recettes, notamment en mettant à contribution ceux qui ont les moyens de payer. Conséquence, vous faites payer ceux qui ne le peuvent pas. C’est un peu comme dans la phrase attribuée à Coluche : « Il faut faire payer les pauvres, ils sont plus nombreux ! » Vous refusez de taxer ceux qui ont – à moins que ayez pour les ultrariches une adoration illimitée – et vous préférez taxer les retraités, les personnes invalides, les familles et les jeunes parents, les personnes en fin de vie ou les stagiaires de la formation professionnelle. C’est inacceptable ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous voterons pour la suppression de l’article 44, mais cela ne suffira pas, car vous préparez encore des mauvais coups ! J’espère que nous aurons l’occasion de parler de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam). En l’état, ce PLFSS ne sauvera ni l’hôpital ni les Ehpad et, surtout, il ne permettra pas un meilleur accès aux soins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29872",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3905627",
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   "order": 810,
   "text": "L’article 44 a été rejeté en commission. En tant que rapporteur général, je m’en tiendrai à évoquer ses enjeux budgétaires. Vous avez beaucoup parlé de l’année blanche, mais l’article contient en fait deux mesures : une année blanche en 2026, d’une part, et la sous-indexation pluriannuelle des pensions de vieillesse de 2027 à 2030, d’autre part.L’année blanche couvre l’ensemble des prestations sociales, pour des économies attendues de l’ordre de 3,6 milliards d’euros sur l’ensemble des finances publiques en 2026, dont 2,7 milliards sur les retraites ; au total, cela représente 2,5 milliards pour les régimes obligatoires de base de la sécurité sociale.La sous-indexation pluriannuelle des pensions de retraite de 2027 à 2030 était initialement fixée à 0,4 point par rapport à l’inflation. Du fait de la concession du gouvernement sur la réforme des retraites, qui sera décalée dans le temps pour un coût estimé à 1,9 milliard d’euros en 2027, la sous-indexation est désormais fixée à 0,9 point – étant précisé que cela ne suffira pas à compenser le coût de l’amendement gouvernemental à l’article 45 bis visant à intégrer les départs anticipés dans le périmètre des catégories concernées par la suspension de la réforme.Selon les prévisions du gouvernement, qu’il faut considérer avec prudence, la trajectoire prévue par l’article 44 induirait en l’état des économies de 6 milliards en 2029 par rapport au tendanciel, ce qui ne serait pas sans conséquence sur le pouvoir d’achat des retraités.Si l’on est soucieux comme moi de ne pas trop dégrader les finances sociales, le constat est limpide : au vu du montant du déficit et des dépenses sociales, la seule solution – à défaut d’en avoir de meilleures et en l’absence de réforme structurelle – est l’année blanche. On ne peut que le regretter.Cependant, entre le gel total et le dégel total, nous pourrions trouver une position intermédiaire pour 2026, inspirée de l’accord trouvé par les partenaires sociaux, qui nous prémunirait des effets indésirables liés à l’instauration d’un gel différencié en fonction de certains seuils : nous pourrions peut-être trouver un compromis consistant en une légère sous-indexation par rapport à l’inflation, uniquement pour l’année 2026 – soit un effort partagé, mais dans une moindre mesure et pour une seule année afin de rester dans le cadre temporel de « l’année blanche ».Madame Chatelain, vous avez évoqué la question du financement, mais personne n’a rappelé que nous avions adopté l’amendement no 1314 rectifié, portant article additionnel après l’article 12, consacré aux exonérations sociales non compensées par l’État. Or il est fondamental et on ne le mentionne pas assez : le gouvernement s’est en effet engagé à ce que toutes les exonérations ciblées soient compensées – notamment celles sur les heures supplémentaires ou sur les contrats de sécurisation professionnelle – à hauteur de 2,5 milliards d’euros au total. Si l’on raisonne en termes de finances publiques en général, cela représente une dépense supplémentaire mais, pour la sécurité sociale, ces crédits ne seraient pas négligeables.Enfin, M. Monnet a raison,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Article 45 bis (appelé par priorité - suite) / Article 44 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 44 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3905731",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 810,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N046-3905627",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 493,
   "annotation_id": "N32a373f49c4d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 44 a été rejeté en commission. En tant que rapporteur général, je m’en tiendrai à évoquer ses enjeux budgétaires. Vous avez beaucoup parlé de l’année blanche, mais l’article contient en fait deux mesures : une année blanche en 2026, d’une part, et la sous-indexation pluriannuelle des pensions de vieillesse de 2027 à 2030, d’autre part.L’année blanche couvre l’ensemble des prestations sociales, pour des économies attendues de l’ordre de 3,6 milliards d’euros sur l’ensemble des finances publiques en 2026, dont 2,7 milliards sur les retraites ; au total, cela représente 2,5 milliards pour les régimes obligatoires de base de la sécurité sociale.La sous-indexation pluriannuelle des pensions de retraite de 2027 à 2030 était initialement fixée à 0,4 point par rapport à l’inflation. Du fait de la concession du gouvernement sur la réforme des retraites, qui sera décalée dans le temps pour un coût estimé à 1,9 milliard d’euros en 2027, la sous-indexation est désormais fixée à 0,9 point – étant précisé que cela ne suffira pas à compenser le coût de l’amendement gouvernemental à l’article 45 bis visant à intégrer les départs anticipés dans le périmètre des catégories concernées par la suspension de la réforme.Selon les prévisions du gouvernement, qu’il faut considérer avec prudence, la trajectoire prévue par l’article 44 induirait en l’état des économies de 6 milliards en 2029 par rapport au tendanciel, ce qui ne serait pas sans conséquence sur le pouvoir d’achat des retraités.Si l’on est soucieux comme moi de ne pas trop dégrader les finances sociales, le constat est limpide : au vu du montant du déficit et des dépenses sociales, la seule solution – à défaut d’en avoir de meilleures et en l’absence de réforme structurelle – est l’année blanche. On ne peut que le regretter.Cependant, entre le gel total et le dégel total, nous pourrions trouver une position intermédiaire pour 2026, inspirée de l’accord trouvé par les partenaires sociaux, qui nous prémunirait des effets indésirables liés à l’instauration d’un gel différencié en fonction de certains seuils : nous pourrions peut-être trouver un compromis consistant en une légère sous-indexation par rapport à l’inflation, uniquement pour l’année 2026 – soit un effort partagé, mais dans une moindre mesure et pour une seule année afin de rester dans le cadre temporel de « l’année blanche ».Madame Chatelain, vous avez évoqué la question du financement, mais personne n’a rappelé que nous avions adopté l’amendement no 1314 rectifié, portant article additionnel après l’article 12, consacré aux exonérations sociales non compensées par l’État. Or il est fondamental et on ne le mentionne pas assez : le gouvernement s’est en effet engagé à ce que toutes les exonérations ciblées soient compensées – notamment celles sur les heures supplémentaires ou sur les contrats de sécurisation professionnelle – à hauteur de 2,5 milliards d’euros au total. Si l’on raisonne en termes de finances publiques en général, cela représente une dépense supplémentaire mais, pour la sécurité sociale, ces crédits ne seraient pas négligeables.Enfin, M. Monnet a raison,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906921",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 171,
   "text": "Pour rappel, l’Ondam est passé de 185 milliards d’euros en 2016 à 270,4 milliards en 2026, auxquels s’ajoutera – je l’espère – 1 milliard supplémentaire, conformément à l’engagement du gouvernement. L’Ondam atteindra donc 271,4 milliards, soit une progression de 2,1 % entre 2025 et 2026. Cela représente, en dix ans, 86 milliards d’euros de plus, soit 46,6 % de progression. Dans le même temps, les dépenses de la sécurité sociale sont passées de 477,5 milliards à 676 milliards, une augmentation de 41 %. Alors que nous entendons parler d’austérité depuis une semaine, ces chiffres montrent au contraire la volonté de ce gouvernement et de ceux qui l’ont précédé de poursuivre l’augmentation des dépenses de la sécurité sociale.J’espère que le milliard d’euros supplémentaire ciblera le financement des établissements de santé, des maisons de santé et qu’il bénéficiera aussi au FIR (fonds d’intervention régional). J’espère qu’un geste sera fait en faveur des établissements et des services médico-sociaux, qui sont également en difficulté.Comme chaque année, j’entends des collègues dire que l’Ondam n’est pas un bon outil pour mesurer la progression des dépenses de la sécurité sociale, mais aucune étude n’est faite pour rechercher un autre outil ; nous pourrions nous y employer, notamment au sein de la mission d’évaluation et de contrôle des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale (Mecss).",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 171,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906921",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 218,
   "annotation_id": "N6a6211af5b45",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour rappel, l’Ondam est passé de 185 milliards d’euros en 2016 à 270,4 milliards en 2026, auxquels s’ajoutera – je l’espère – 1 milliard supplémentaire, conformément à l’engagement du gouvernement. L’Ondam atteindra donc 271,4 milliards, soit une progression de 2,1 % entre 2025 et 2026. Cela représente, en dix ans, 86 milliards d’euros de plus, soit 46,6 % de progression. Dans le même temps, les dépenses de la sécurité sociale sont passées de 477,5 milliards à 676 milliards, une augmentation de 41 %. Alors que nous entendons parler d’austérité depuis une semaine, ces chiffres montrent au contraire la volonté de ce gouvernement et de ceux qui l’ont précédé de poursuivre l’augmentation des dépenses de la sécurité sociale.J’espère que le milliard d’euros supplémentaire ciblera le financement des établissements de santé, des maisons de santé et qu’il bénéficiera aussi au FIR (fonds d’intervention régional). J’espère qu’un geste sera fait en faveur des établissements et des services médico-sociaux, qui sont également en difficulté.Comme chaque année, j’entends des collègues dire que l’Ondam n’est pas un bon outil pour mesurer la progression des dépenses de la sécurité sociale, mais aucune étude n’est faite pour rechercher un autre outil ; nous pourrions nous y employer, notamment au sein de la mission d’évaluation et de contrôle des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale (Mecss)."
  },
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   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
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   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795108",
   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906925",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3906925"
   ],
   "order": 175,
   "text": "Ma position, comme celle de mon groupe, ne vous étonnera pas. Votre budget et ses horreurs ne nous surprennent plus après huit années de macronisme, mais notre résolution à les combattre reste sans faille.Puisque nous sommes à l’article 49, j’en profite pour rappeler que nous sommes, et resterons, opposés à toute logique de limitation de financement, notamment en matière de santé. Votre Ondam vise avant tout la maîtrise de la dépense, alors que nous voulons la santé pour toutes et tous, comme pour nos enfants après nous. Peu importent vos concessions du jour, qui ne permettront pas de régler durablement les problèmes auxquels sont exposés les soignants en burn-out, l’hôpital sous-financé ou les malades entassés, en ce moment même, dans les salles d’attente.Au-delà du principe, il y a aussi le fond. Votre projet, malgré les quelques concessions faites dans la souffrance qu’impose une négociation avec le Parti socialiste – nous sommes bien placés pour le savoir –, comporte 7 milliards de coupes budgétaires – ramenées à 6. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour nos hôpitaux, qui devront encore fermer des lits, fermer des services, trier des patients et tenir avec des soignants à bout de souffle. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour nos soins de ville, alors que les déserts médicaux s’étendent, que les files d’attente s’allongent et qu’on souffre d’un manque chronique de médecins traitants. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour l’autonomie, alors qu’un Français sur cinq est âgé de plus de 65 ans et que le vieillissement de la population appelle à un financement massif des Ehpad. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour des investissements massifs en prévention, la seule façon d’éviter durablement la hausse des dépenses de santé.Nous ne voterons jamais pour un article qui réduit drastiquement les dépenses de santé face à la hausse tendancielle des besoins. Un autre projet est possible : celui d’un monde où les dépenses de santé sont guidées par les besoins de la population et l’accès aux soins de toutes et tous, et non pas par un objectif de maîtrise des dépenses publiques. Ce monde n’existe pas dans votre projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS), et cet article sur l’Ondam en est la preuve. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 175,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906925",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 378,
   "annotation_id": "N40ec96cb9e06",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "coupes budgétaires – ramenées à 6. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour nos hôpitaux, qui devront encore fermer des lits, fermer des services, trier des patients et tenir avec des soignants à bout de souffle. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour nos soins de ville, alors que les déserts médicaux s’étendent, que les files d’attente s’allongent et qu’on souffre d’un manque chronique de médecins traitants. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour l’autonomie, alors qu’un Français sur cinq est âgé de plus de 65 ans et que le vieillissement de la population appelle à un financement massif des Ehpad. Ce sont 6 milliards de moins pour des investissements massifs en prévention, la seule façon d’éviter durablement la hausse des dépenses de santé.Nous ne voterons jamais pour un article qui réduit drastiquement les dépenses de santé face à la hausse tendancielle des besoins. Un autre projet est possible : celui d’un monde où les dépenses de santé sont guidées par les besoins de la population et l’accès aux soins de toutes et tous, et non pas par un objectif de maîtrise des dépenses publiques. Ce monde n’existe pas dans votre projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS),"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906930",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3906930"
   ],
   "order": 180,
   "text": "Il était important que nous évoquions aujourd’hui les sujets essentiels que sont la suspension de la réforme des retraites et le renoncement au gel des pensions et des prestations sociales. Mais il aurait été très problématique que nous ne puissions pas parler de ce qui constitue le cœur du réacteur du PLFSS, à savoir le niveau des dépenses d’assurance maladie ; c’est pourquoi je me réjouis que nous puissions le faire.La dépense de l’assurance maladie, qui se décline en plusieurs volets, s’élève à 270 milliards. Nous aborderons cet article suivant trois priorités.La première consiste à renforcer les moyens de l’hôpital car nous sommes tous conscients des difficultés auxquelles celui-ci est confronté. Votre budget prévoit de faire passer son niveau de dépenses de 109,2 milliards à 111,8 milliards, soit 2,6 milliards supplémentaires, mais tous les observateurs admettent, compte tenu du montant de la cotisation à la caisse nationale de retraites des agents des collectivités locales (CNRACL) et des difficultés de l’hôpital, que des moyens supplémentaires sont nécessaires. La Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) les a chiffrés à 1,1 milliard, au moins. C’est pourquoi nous défendrons des amendements qui visent à renforcer à hauteur d’au moins 1 milliard le budget de l’hôpital. Cela tombe bien, puisque le premier ministre, lui-même, a souscrit à cette revendication. (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 180,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906930",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 223,
   "annotation_id": "N7e673c80bf5b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il était important que nous évoquions aujourd’hui les sujets essentiels que sont la suspension de la réforme des retraites et le renoncement au gel des pensions et des prestations sociales. Mais il aurait été très problématique que nous ne puissions pas parler de ce qui constitue le cœur du réacteur du PLFSS, à savoir le niveau des dépenses d’assurance maladie ; c’est pourquoi je me réjouis que nous puissions le faire.La dépense de l’assurance maladie, qui se décline en plusieurs volets, s’élève à 270 milliards. Nous aborderons cet article suivant trois priorités.La première consiste à renforcer les moyens de l’hôpital car nous sommes tous conscients des difficultés auxquelles celui-ci est confronté. Votre budget prévoit de faire passer son niveau de dépenses de 109,2 milliards à 111,8 milliards, soit 2,6 milliards supplémentaires, mais tous les observateurs admettent, compte tenu du montant de la cotisation à la caisse nationale de retraites des agents des collectivités locales (CNRACL) et des difficultés de l’hôpital, que des moyens supplémentaires sont nécessaires. La Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) les a chiffrés à 1,1 milliard, au moins. C’est pourquoi nous défendrons des amendements qui visent à renforcer à hauteur d’au moins 1 milliard le budget de l’hôpital. Cela tombe bien, puisque le premier ministre, lui-même, a souscrit à cette revendication. (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906934",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3906934"
   ],
   "order": 184,
   "text": "Nous veillerons à ce que cette augmentation de l’Ondam se traduise effectivement par des moyens supplémentaires pour l’hôpital afin d’éviter les tarifications négatives, et non, madame la ministre, par une mise en réserve de ces crédits, qui n’améliorerait pas la situation de l’hôpital.La deuxième priorité, ce sont les soins de ville. Or votre fameuse mesure de doublement des franchises médicales, à laquelle nous nous opposons, réduit les moyens destinés aux soins de ville de 2,3 milliards d’euros. Un seul amendement permet de revenir sur cette disposition ; il faut que nous puissions le défendre.La troisième priorité, c’est le médico-social : la prime Ségur fait défaut dans beaucoup d’établissements et il faut renforcer le financement des Ehpad. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 184,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906934",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 123,
   "annotation_id": "N354e3f76ed20",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous veillerons à ce que cette augmentation de l’Ondam se traduise effectivement par des moyens supplémentaires pour l’hôpital afin d’éviter les tarifications négatives, et non, madame la ministre, par une mise en réserve de ces crédits, qui n’améliorerait pas la situation de l’hôpital.La deuxième priorité, ce sont les soins de ville. Or votre fameuse mesure de doublement des franchises médicales, à laquelle nous nous opposons, réduit les moyens destinés aux soins de ville de 2,3 milliards d’euros. Un seul amendement permet de revenir sur cette disposition ; il faut que nous puissions le défendre.La troisième priorité, c’est le médico-social : la prime Ségur fait défaut dans beaucoup d’établissements et il faut renforcer le financement des Ehpad. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906938",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3906938"
   ],
   "order": 188,
   "text": "Le groupe Droite républicaine est, comme vous le savez, très attaché à la maîtrise des dépenses. Il est essentiel de contenir la hausse de l’Ondam à 1,6 % ; il ne serait pas raisonnable de l’augmenter davantage si cela n’était pas financé. J’ai cru comprendre qu’il y avait un nouveau deal entre le PS et le gouvernement…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 188,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3906938",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 57,
   "annotation_id": "Na6c257c3df95",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] est, comme vous le savez, très attaché à la maîtrise des dépenses. Il est essentiel de contenir la hausse de l’Ondam à 1,6 % ; il ne serait pas raisonnable de l’augmenter davantage si cela n’était pas financé. J’ai cru comprendre qu’il y avait un nouveau deal entre le PS et le gouvernement…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3907333",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3907333"
   ],
   "order": 224,
   "text": "Les principales caractéristiques de l’Ondam pour 2026, qui s’élève à 270 milliards environ, ont été présentées – je n’y reviendrai pas. Avec l’amendement no 2695, le gouvernement propose de rehausser l’Ondam de 1 milliard. Le sous-amendement gouvernemental no 2719 à l’amendement no 716 a le même objet : il a été déposé pour que vous puissiez voter cette disposition, même si l’amendement no 2695 tombe. Ce milliard s’ajoutera aux 5 milliards de dépenses d’assurance maladie prévus : on ne peut donc pas parler d’un budget d’austérité !Sur ce milliard d’euros supplémentaire, 850 millions seraient fléchés vers le financement des établissements de santé – auxquels ce budget consacre déjà 2,6 milliards – et 150 millions vers le financement du développement des maisons France Santé. À leur sujet, j’ai déjà expliqué à plusieurs reprises qu’il s’agissait d’un label, garantissant un accès aux soins en moins de quarante-huit heures et à moins de trente minutes de trajet depuis le domicile. La labellisation a déjà commencé, avec pour objectif d’avoir identifié d’ici la fin de l’année dix à quinze maisons France Santé dans chaque département.En 2026, ces structures seraient soutenues à hauteur de 150 millions d’euros, soit deux fois 75 millions d’euros. La première moitié de cette enveloppe sera attribuée au titre du FIR, l’autre dans le cadre d’une négociation conventionnelle des professionnels de santé – il s’agira de développer des maisons de santé, d’acheter du matériel ou de financer d’autres mesures de soutien.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 224,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3907333",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 240,
   "annotation_id": "Ncd491fb8d355",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les principales caractéristiques de l’Ondam pour 2026, qui s’élève à 270 milliards environ, ont été présentées – je n’y reviendrai pas. Avec l’amendement no 2695, le gouvernement propose de rehausser l’Ondam de 1 milliard. Le sous-amendement gouvernemental no 2719 à l’amendement no 716 a le même objet : il a été déposé pour que vous puissiez voter cette disposition, même si l’amendement no 2695 tombe. Ce milliard s’ajoutera aux 5 milliards de dépenses d’assurance maladie prévus : on ne peut donc pas parler d’un budget d’austérité !Sur ce milliard d’euros supplémentaire, 850 millions seraient fléchés vers le financement des établissements de santé – auxquels ce budget consacre déjà 2,6 milliards – et 150 millions vers le financement du développement des maisons France Santé. À leur sujet, j’ai déjà expliqué à plusieurs reprises qu’il s’agissait d’un label, garantissant un accès aux soins en moins de quarante-huit heures et à moins de trente minutes de trajet depuis le domicile. La labellisation a déjà commencé, avec pour objectif d’avoir identifié d’ici la fin de l’année dix à quinze maisons France Santé dans chaque département.En 2026, ces structures seraient soutenues à hauteur de 150 millions d’euros, soit deux fois 75 millions d’euros. La première moitié de cette enveloppe sera attribuée au titre du FIR, l’autre dans le cadre d’une négociation conventionnelle des professionnels de santé – il s’agira de développer des maisons de santé, d’acheter du matériel ou de financer d’autres mesures de soutien."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3907337",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3907337"
   ],
   "order": 228,
   "text": "Nous discutons ce soir du budget de l’hôpital, donc du budget consacré aux malades. L’article 49 traduit l’abandon de l’hôpital public, l’abandon des Ehpad, l’abandon des professionnels de santé et l’abandon des malades que le pays subit depuis huit ans.Quand on prend en compte les surcotisations de la CNRACL pour actualiser son taux de croissance annoncé – 1,6 % –, l’Ondam recule en fait de 0,15 % entre 2025 et 2026.Nous voulons débattre de l’Ondam, comme nous voulons débattre des franchises médicales, du budget de l’hôpital et, plus généralement, de toutes les dispositions prévues par le PLFSS pour 2026. Pour cette raison, je retire mon amendement : chacun pourra ainsi défendre les financements et les améliorations qu’il envisage pour soutenir la santé des Français.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "712",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 228,
   "amendments": [
    "712"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3907337",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 124,
   "annotation_id": "Nb656cce607be",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous discutons ce soir du budget de l’hôpital, donc du budget consacré aux malades. L’article 49 traduit l’abandon de l’hôpital public, l’abandon des Ehpad, l’abandon des professionnels de santé et l’abandon des malades que le pays subit depuis huit ans.Quand on prend en compte les surcotisations de la CNRACL pour actualiser son taux de croissance annoncé – 1,6 % –, l’Ondam recule en fait de 0,15 % entre 2025 et 2026.Nous voulons débattre de l’Ondam, comme nous voulons débattre des franchises médicales, du budget de l’hôpital et, plus généralement, de toutes les dispositions prévues par le PLFSS pour 2026. Pour cette raison, je retire mon amendement : chacun pourra ainsi défendre les financements et les améliorations qu’il envisage pour soutenir la santé des Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905895",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3905895"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Ces amendements traitent de sujets différents. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Pour ce qui concerne ceux relatifs à l’accord du 4 juin 2024, dans le cadre duquel 7,3 millions d’euros ont été affectés – toujours en 2024 – aux structures de lutte contre les addictions, je suis prête à examiner la situation particulière du Sidaction, afin de déterminer si un complément doit lui être apporté.S’agissant des amendements relatifs aux sous-objectifs de l’Ondam concernant les personnes âgées et les personnes handicapées, je rappelle que ces derniers doivent augmenter respectivement de 2,4 % et de 2,5 % : cela permettra de financer le plan « 50 000 solutions » et la fusion des sections « soins » et « dépendance » des Ehpad.En ce qui concerne le FIR, je souligne à mon tour l’intérêt de ce fonds à la main des ARS, qui permet de financer la différenciation territoriale et les hôpitaux de proximité. Pour abonder le FIR, je vous proposerai de voter plutôt le sous-amendement no 2719 que j’ai déposé à l’amendement no 716 de Mme Runel. (Bruit de conversations.)Pour ce qui est des franchises ou forfaits de responsabilité, vous avez voté samedi la suppression de l’extension de leur périmètre à partir de 2027. Le doublement des franchises par voie réglementaire rapporterait 2,3 milliards d’euros. J’entends que cette mesure fait débat, mais nous avons la responsabilité de tenir un budget. Les décrets ne sont pas parus mais pourront être pris en fonction de l’évolution du texte au gré de la navette parlementaire.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Article 49 (appelé par priorité) / ",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 330,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905895",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 253,
   "annotation_id": "Nb3a85282c169",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements traitent de sujets différents. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Pour ce qui concerne ceux relatifs à l’accord du 4 juin 2024, dans le cadre duquel 7,3 millions d’euros ont été affectés – toujours en 2024 – aux structures de lutte contre les addictions, je suis prête à examiner la situation particulière du Sidaction, afin de déterminer si un complément doit lui être apporté.S’agissant des amendements relatifs aux sous-objectifs de l’Ondam concernant les personnes âgées et les personnes handicapées, je rappelle que ces derniers doivent augmenter respectivement de 2,4 % et de 2,5 % : cela permettra de financer le plan « 50 000 solutions » et la fusion des sections « soins » et « dépendance » des Ehpad.En ce qui concerne le FIR, je souligne à mon tour l’intérêt de ce fonds à la main des ARS, qui permet de financer la différenciation territoriale et les hôpitaux de proximité. Pour abonder le FIR, je vous proposerai de voter plutôt le sous-amendement no 2719 que j’ai déposé à l’amendement no 716 de Mme Runel. (Bruit de conversations.)Pour ce qui est des franchises ou forfaits de responsabilité, vous avez voté samedi la suppression de l’extension de leur périmètre à partir de 2027. Le doublement des franchises par voie réglementaire rapporterait 2,3 milliards d’euros. J’entends que cette mesure fait débat, mais nous avons la responsabilité de tenir un budget. Les décrets ne sont pas parus mais pourront être pris en fonction de l’évolution du texte au gré de la navette parlementaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905907",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3905907"
   ],
   "order": 344,
   "text": "Il se fonde sur l’article 47-1 de la Constitution. Dans quarante-cinq minutes, nous parviendrons au terme du délai constitutionnel dont l’expiration autorise le gouvernement à transmettre le texte, sans vote, au Sénat.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 344,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905907",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "Nd3853570e117",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il se fonde sur l’article 47-1 de la Constitution. Dans quarante-cinq minutes, nous parviendrons au terme du délai constitutionnel dont l’expiration autorise le gouvernement à transmettre le texte, sans vote, au Sénat."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905909",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3905909"
   ],
   "order": 346,
   "text": "Cependant, le gouvernement n’est pas tenu de le faire : nous avons demandé à maintes reprises – encore ce matin en conférence des présidents – qu’il nous laisse quelques heures supplémentaires afin d’achever l’examen de ce texte et afin que nous puissions voter sur l’ensemble du budget de la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)Mesdames les ministres, vous êtes en train de faire traîner les débats en longueur et cela se voit beaucoup ! Vous faites de l’obstruction pour nous empêcher de parvenir au moment du vote. Je vous demande de vous exprimer clairement : allez-vous nous laisser, oui ou non, voter le budget de la sécurité sociale, crucial pour les Ehpad, la santé et la protection sociale ? (Mêmes mouvements.) Il n’est pas admissible que l’Assemblée ne puisse se prononcer publiquement sur ce budget ! Comptez-vous, oui ou non, transmettre le texte dans quarante-cinq minutes au Sénat sans aucun vote de l’Assemblée nationale ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP, dont les députés se lèvent, et sur quelques bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et DR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 346,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905909",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 196,
   "annotation_id": "N35cb045ee3b7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cependant, le gouvernement n’est pas tenu de le faire : nous avons demandé à maintes reprises – encore ce matin en conférence des présidents – qu’il nous laisse quelques heures supplémentaires afin d’achever l’examen de ce texte et afin que nous puissions voter sur l’ensemble du budget de la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Mesdames les ministres, vous êtes en train de faire traîner les débats en longueur et cela se voit beaucoup ! Vous faites de l’obstruction pour nous empêcher de parvenir au moment du vote. Je vous demande de vous exprimer clairement : allez-vous nous laisser, oui ou non, voter le budget de la sécurité sociale, crucial pour les Ehpad, la santé et la protection sociale ? (Mêmes mouvements.) Il n’est pas admissible que l’Assemblée ne puisse se prononcer publiquement sur ce budget ! Comptez-vous, oui ou non, transmettre le texte dans quarante-cinq minutes au Sénat sans aucun vote de l’Assemblée nationale ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont les députés se lèvent, et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29920",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 12 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047.xml",
   "source_sha256": "efe6c728a7c12b9403313100f6432d8bee9b1ba0f9d3bef3aa08a6e9302c68e3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905912",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3905912"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Madame Panot, il y a quelques jours, vous ne vouliez pas que ces débats aient lieu. (Vives exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR et sur les bancs du groupe DR.) Il y a eu un vote sur la partie recettes, qui nous permet d’avoir ce débat ce soir. Quand dix amendements sont à examiner, c’est la moindre des choses que les ministres puissent répondre !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie (suite) / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article 49 (appelé par priorité)",
   "article_id": "3906914",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 349,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N047-3905912",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "Nffa8e49f8390",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Panot, il y a quelques jours, vous ne vouliez pas que ces débats aient lieu. (Vives exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur les bancs du groupe DR.) Il y a eu un vote sur la partie recettes, qui nous permet d’avoir ce débat ce soir. Quand dix amendements sont à examiner, c’est la moindre des choses que les ministres puissent répondre !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793772",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bex",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bex",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972254",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3972254"
   ],
   "order": 15,
   "text": "Madame la ministre de l’agriculture, j’étais hier avec les éleveurs en lutte à Benque, à Carbonne et à Muret. Nous ne nous sommes pas croisés. Pourtant, vous étiez dans mon département de la Haute-Garonne et vous nous avez convoqués à la préfecture. L’attente était forte : vous êtes venue, vous avez vu mais vous n’avez pas convaincu.Je le regrette vivement, mais ce fut un rendez-vous manqué, aussi bien sur la forme que sur le fond. Vous n’avez su trouver ni les mots ni la chaleur du propos. Face à l’inquiétude et à la colère, face à des agriculteurs dont le revenu moyen est le plus faible de France, face à une profession particulièrement exposée au suicide, vous avez justifié l’emploi de la force en Ariège.Vous avez maintenu votre stratégie d’abattage systématique et total, l’anéantissement du travail, de la vie et du patrimoine de plusieurs générations. Vos paroles n’ont ni rassuré ni apaisé. Pourtant, dès le 25 juillet, notre groupe La France insoumise vous avait alertée sur les premiers cas, tout en proposant une politique sanitaire alternative. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 15,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972254",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 183,
   "annotation_id": "N133bc123c02b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre de l’agriculture, j’étais hier avec les éleveurs en lutte à Benque, à Carbonne et à Muret. Nous ne nous sommes pas croisés. Pourtant, vous étiez dans mon département de la Haute-Garonne et vous nous avez convoqués à la préfecture. L’attente était forte : vous êtes venue, vous avez vu mais vous n’avez pas convaincu.Je le regrette vivement, mais ce fut un rendez-vous manqué, aussi bien sur la forme que sur le fond. Vous n’avez su trouver ni les mots ni la chaleur du propos. Face à l’inquiétude et à la colère, face à des agriculteurs dont le revenu moyen est le plus faible de France, face à une profession particulièrement exposée au suicide, vous avez justifié l’emploi de la force en Ariège.Vous avez maintenu votre stratégie d’abattage systématique et total, l’anéantissement du travail, de la vie et du patrimoine de plusieurs générations. Vos paroles n’ont ni rassuré ni apaisé. Pourtant, dès le 25 juillet, notre groupe [GROUPE] vous avait alertée sur les premiers cas, tout en proposant une politique sanitaire alternative. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793772",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bex",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bex",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3972258"
   ],
   "order": 19,
   "text": "Vous n’avez pas écouté. Nous sollicitons de nouveau un rendez-vous, un débat et un vote au Parlement. Les syndicats agricoles et la chambre d’agriculture d’Ariège ont présenté un protocole expérimental : la solution, c’est la vaccination, pas l’abattage ! (Mêmes mouvements. – M. Édouard Bénard applaudit également.) Même les groupements de défense sanitaire appellent à une réflexion.Tant que vous céderez aux intérêts de l’agrobusiness et de son modèle uniquement tourné vers la compétitivité internationale, vous continuerez à déclencher des crises. Lors de notre niche parlementaire, l’Assemblée nationale a tranché. Elle a dit non, par un vote unanime, à l’accord avec le Mercosur. (Mêmes mouvements.)Si cet accord se réalise contre la volonté du peuple, nous demanderons que la France retire sa contribution au budget de l’Union européenne. La France doit bloquer cet accord ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur quelques bancs du groupe GDR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 19,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972258",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N92b585c6946d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous n’avez pas écouté. Nous sollicitons de nouveau un rendez-vous, un débat et un vote au Parlement. Les syndicats agricoles et la chambre d’agriculture d’Ariège ont présenté un protocole expérimental : la solution, c’est la vaccination, pas l’abattage ! (Mêmes mouvements. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Même les groupements de défense sanitaire appellent à une réflexion.Tant que vous céderez aux intérêts de l’agrobusiness et de son modèle uniquement tourné vers la compétitivité internationale, vous continuerez à déclencher des crises. Lors de notre niche parlementaire, l’Assemblée nationale a tranché. Elle a dit non, par un vote unanime, à l’accord avec le Mercosur. (Mêmes mouvements.)Si cet accord se réalise contre la volonté du peuple, nous demanderons que la France retire sa contribution au budget de l’Union européenne. La France doit bloquer cet accord ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972264",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3972264"
   ],
   "order": 26,
   "text": "J’étais présente hier, en Occitanie et en Haute-Garonne, parce que la situation est grave. Un grand émoi touche la population depuis l’arrivée de la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse bovine. Dans cette grande région d’élevage, l’émoi est immense chez les éleveurs…",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 26,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972264",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N8aa6b28dca03",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’étais présente hier, en Occitanie et en Haute-Garonne, parce que la situation est grave. Un grand émoi touche la population depuis l’arrivée de la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse bovine. Dans cette grande région d’élevage, l’émoi est immense chez les éleveurs…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972299",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 28,
   "text": "…qui redoutent à juste titre l’arrivée de cette maladie qui touche quatre foyers – j’exclus les Pyrénées-Orientales, où la maladie, apparue dès le 15 octobre, est désormais maîtrisée.Après mes déplacements dans les deux Savoies et dans le massif du Jura, je me suis donc rendue en Haute-Garonne dans ce moment tout à fait particulier où nous engageons une démarche capitale, celle de la vaccination. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, DR, Dem et HOR. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
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   "last_order": 28,
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   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "N6f0b696fe694",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…qui redoutent à juste titre l’arrivée de cette maladie qui touche quatre foyers – j’exclus les Pyrénées-Orientales, où la maladie, apparue dès le 15 octobre, est désormais maîtrisée.Après mes déplacements dans les deux Savoies et dans le massif du Jura, je me suis donc rendue en Haute-Garonne dans ce moment tout à fait particulier où nous engageons une démarche capitale, celle de la vaccination. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR, Dem et HOR. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972301",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 33,
   "text": "…qui vont ainsi pouvoir protéger leur cheptel. Vous m’interrogez sur la vaccination anticipée. Vous détenez sans doute toutes les solutions, vous qui êtes tous des épidémiologistes, des vétérinaires et des spécialistes de cette question. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR, DR, Dem, HOR et LIOT. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
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   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N45fc2fe4d3e8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…qui vont ainsi pouvoir protéger leur cheptel. Vous m’interrogez sur la vaccination anticipée. Vous détenez sans doute toutes les solutions, vous qui êtes tous des épidémiologistes, des vétérinaires et des spécialistes de cette question. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR, Dem, HOR et LIOT. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972269",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 35,
   "text": "La vaccination s’est concentrée sur les secteurs infectés par la maladie. C’est bien ainsi qu’il faut procéder… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de Mme la ministre.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 35,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972269",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Nd19f48445db3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La vaccination s’est concentrée sur les secteurs infectés par la maladie. C’est bien ainsi qu’il faut procéder… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de Mme la ministre.)"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972274",
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   "order": 40,
   "text": "Le monde agricole traverse régulièrement des crises, mais celle que nous vivons est d’une ampleur exceptionnelle. Autant de filières touchées – des céréales à l’élevage, de la vigne à l’arboriculture –, autant de régions concernées – de l’Occitanie à la Bretagne, du Bordelais aux Alpes, sans oublier les outre-mer : je n’ai pas le souvenir d’une crise aussi large et profonde.Je veux d’abord adresser un profond soutien à toutes les femmes et à tous les hommes qui font vivre l’agriculture de France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et SOC.) Ils souffrent. Par-delà nos opinions, nous devons être à leurs côtés.C’est l’agriculteur qui vous parle : notre société demande trop à nos agriculteurs, sans les accompagner suffisamment. Notre agriculture souffre d’un profond manque de compétitivité : trop de normes à respecter, sans commune mesure avec la dimension individuelle de nos exploitations ; trop de tracasseries administratives pour construire un bâtiment ou accéder à l’eau, mais pas assez de recherche pour faire face au réchauffement climatique et à ses conséquences ; pas assez d’investissement pour produire sur notre sol les engrais azotés dont nous avons cruellement besoin. L’agriculture a besoin d’un accompagnement totalement renouvelé.Face à ces difficultés, certaines récupérations politiques et complotistes me font honte. (M. Éric Martineau applaudit.) La dermatose nodulaire contagieuse est – il faut le dire et le répéter – un danger mortifère pour l’élevage français. Sans politique volontariste d’éradication et de vaccination, la France pourrait voir mourir plus de 1 million de bovins.Il faut agir vite, mais aussi mesurer la détresse que représente un abattage pour un éleveur (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem), ainsi que le risque réel que la peur n’incite à dissimuler la contamination des troupeaux, créant de facto des réservoirs pour de futures contaminations.Compétitivité, souveraineté et surtout humanité devraient être les maîtres mots de notre action en faveur de notre agriculture et de nos agriculteurs. Que comptez-vous faire, madame la ministre ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Crise agricole",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 40,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
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   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 335,
   "annotation_id": "Ne8410ac8c5db",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le monde agricole traverse régulièrement des crises, mais celle que nous vivons est d’une ampleur exceptionnelle. Autant de filières touchées – des céréales à l’élevage, de la vigne à l’arboriculture –, autant de régions concernées – de l’Occitanie à la Bretagne, du Bordelais aux Alpes, sans oublier les outre-mer : je n’ai pas le souvenir d’une crise aussi large et profonde.Je veux d’abord adresser un profond soutien à toutes les femmes et à tous les hommes qui font vivre l’agriculture de France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Ils souffrent. Par-delà nos opinions, nous devons être à leurs côtés.C’est l’agriculteur qui vous parle : notre société demande trop à nos agriculteurs, sans les accompagner suffisamment. Notre agriculture souffre d’un profond manque de compétitivité : trop de normes à respecter, sans commune mesure avec la dimension individuelle de nos exploitations ; trop de tracasseries administratives pour construire un bâtiment ou accéder à l’eau, mais pas assez de recherche pour faire face au réchauffement climatique et à ses conséquences ; pas assez d’investissement pour produire sur notre sol les engrais azotés dont nous avons cruellement besoin. L’agriculture a besoin d’un accompagnement totalement renouvelé.Face à ces difficultés, certaines récupérations politiques et complotistes me font honte. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) La dermatose nodulaire contagieuse est – il faut le dire et le répéter – un danger mortifère pour l’élevage français. Sans politique volontariste d’éradication et de vaccination, la France pourrait voir mourir plus de 1 million de bovins.Il faut agir vite, mais aussi mesurer la détresse que représente un abattage pour un éleveur (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem), ainsi que le risque réel que la peur n’incite à dissimuler la contamination des troupeaux, créant de facto des réservoirs pour de futures contaminations.Compétitivité, souveraineté et surtout humanité devraient être les maîtres mots de notre action en faveur de notre agriculture et de nos agriculteurs. Que comptez-vous faire, madame la ministre ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)"
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972281",
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   "order": 47,
   "text": "Vous qui êtes agriculteur avez eu raison de rappeler la souffrance du monde agricole. Celle-ci est exacerbée, en Occitanie, par l’angoisse de perdre ce qu’un éleveur a de plus cher, son cheptel. Dans cette région aux magnifiques élevages, j’ai pu constater hier combien la vaccination des troupeaux constituait un immense soulagement.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
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   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "inclusion": "direct",
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972281",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N3b105b4890db",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous qui êtes agriculteur avez eu raison de rappeler la souffrance du monde agricole. Celle-ci est exacerbée, en Occitanie, par l’angoisse de perdre ce qu’un éleveur a de plus cher, son cheptel. Dans cette région aux magnifiques élevages, j’ai pu constater hier combien la vaccination des troupeaux constituait un immense soulagement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
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   "group_id": null,
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972282",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 49,
   "text": "Vous avez évoqué de nombreux sujets dans votre question : les maux qui accablent le monde agricole, comme le poids des normes ; des facteurs plus conjoncturels, comme la hausse du prix des engrais ; mais aussi la défiance qui s’exprime parfois à l’égard d’une profession pourtant admirable, qui doit être défendue et respectée, alors même que les agriculteurs ressentent souvent l’inverse – un sentiment d’abandon qui alimente leur colère.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Crise agricole",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 49,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972282",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "Ncd85579b9933",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez évoqué de nombreux sujets dans votre question : les maux qui accablent le monde agricole, comme le poids des normes ; des facteurs plus conjoncturels, comme la hausse du prix des engrais ; mais aussi la défiance qui s’exprime parfois à l’égard d’une profession pourtant admirable, qui doit être défendue et respectée, alors même que les agriculteurs ressentent souvent l’inverse – un sentiment d’abandon qui alimente leur colère."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972289",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 59,
   "text": "La vaccination est la meilleure garantie pour préserver les troupeaux. Dans votre département de la Vienne, je connais la sensibilité des éleveurs à ces enjeux. L’élevage est présent partout en France, et c’est bien tout l’élevage français que nous devons préserver de la maladie. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, DR, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Crise agricole",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 59,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972289",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Ndc69b0950f77",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La vaccination est la meilleure garantie pour préserver les troupeaux. Dans votre département de la Vienne, je connais la sensibilité des éleveurs à ces enjeux. L’élevage est présent partout en France, et c’est bien tout l’élevage français que nous devons préserver de la maladie. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR, Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841825",
   "speaker": "Patrice Martin",
   "quality": "M. Patrice Martin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972292",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 62,
   "text": "Madame la ministre, la France rurale vous regarde, et elle ne comprend plus. Face à la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse, la réponse de l’État donne le sentiment d’une mécanique froide : on décrète, on abat, on passe à la suite – la fin brutale d’une vie de travail faite de sacrifices, d’investissements continus et d’engagements quotidiens.Personne ici ne conteste l’impératif sanitaire, mais contenir ne signifie pas écraser. Cette crise ne doit pas être gérée comme un dossier plein de bureaucratie dégoulinante. Sur le terrain, la situation s’enflamme : manifestations, points de blocage, détresses et colères exprimées devant les préfectures.L’enjeu est aussi institutionnel : la cohésion nationale ne saurait supporter des scènes qui voient nos agriculteurs, garants de notre souveraineté alimentaire, confrontés à nos forces de l’ordre, garantes, elles, de notre sécurité publique.Pendant ce temps, la maladie progresse : l’Aude est le dernier territoire touché, portant à onze le nombre de départements où un foyer est apparu. Cette crise arrive dans un climat de ras-le-bol généralisé : réglementations, normes, baisse du budget de la politique agricole commune, concurrence déloyale et, bien sûr, le traité de libre-échange avec le Mercosur.Le Rassemblement national vous le rappelle : cet accord constituerait un basculement irréversible. Il ne saurait être reporté, mais doit bien être définitivement refusé. Sa signature à la fin de semaine rendrait la situation encore plus explosive. Nos agriculteurs éprouvent constamment le sentiment de subir une politique décidée d’en haut, sans écoute, sans souplesse et sans respect.Quand le gouvernement arrêtera-t-il, avec les représentants agricoles et les autorités sanitaires, un protocole de crise clarifié et proportionné, pour que les décisions ne soient plus vécues comme unilatérales ? Quand prendrez-vous enfin la pleine mesure de la détresse de nos agriculteurs et de nos éleveurs, dont je fais moi-même partie ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 62,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972292",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 303,
   "annotation_id": "N21102633ec6e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre, la France rurale vous regarde, et elle ne comprend plus. Face à la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse, la réponse de l’État donne le sentiment d’une mécanique froide : on décrète, on abat, on passe à la suite – la fin brutale d’une vie de travail faite de sacrifices, d’investissements continus et d’engagements quotidiens.Personne ici ne conteste l’impératif sanitaire, mais contenir ne signifie pas écraser. Cette crise ne doit pas être gérée comme un dossier plein de bureaucratie dégoulinante. Sur le terrain, la situation s’enflamme : manifestations, points de blocage, détresses et colères exprimées devant les préfectures.L’enjeu est aussi institutionnel : la cohésion nationale ne saurait supporter des scènes qui voient nos agriculteurs, garants de notre souveraineté alimentaire, confrontés à nos forces de l’ordre, garantes, elles, de notre sécurité publique.Pendant ce temps, la maladie progresse : l’Aude est le dernier territoire touché, portant à onze le nombre de départements où un foyer est apparu. Cette crise arrive dans un climat de ras-le-bol généralisé : réglementations, normes, baisse du budget de la politique agricole commune, concurrence déloyale et, bien sûr, le traité de libre-échange avec le Mercosur.Le [GROUPE] vous le rappelle : cet accord constituerait un basculement irréversible. Il ne saurait être reporté, mais doit bien être définitivement refusé. Sa signature à la fin de semaine rendrait la situation encore plus explosive. Nos agriculteurs éprouvent constamment le sentiment de subir une politique décidée d’en haut, sans écoute, sans souplesse et sans respect.Quand le gouvernement arrêtera-t-il, avec les représentants agricoles et les autorités sanitaires, un protocole de crise clarifié et proportionné, pour que les décisions ne soient plus vécues comme unilatérales ? Quand prendrez-vous enfin la pleine mesure de la détresse de nos agriculteurs et de nos éleveurs, dont je fais moi-même partie ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972429",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 75,
   "text": "Cela passe d’abord par le déclenchement d’une campagne de vaccination massive, organisée, territorialisée et rapide, qui constitue le meilleur garde-fou contre la maladie.Il faut aussi donner des perspectives à nos éleveurs, les rassurer, leur dire qu’il y a une lumière au bout du tunnel. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Je parle du repeuplement des élevages qui auront perdu des animaux. Il est très important de rappeler que la vie ne s’arrête pas avec la maladie. Celle-ci constitue une épreuve cruelle et douloureuse, dont nous prenons toute notre part et que nous comprenons intimement. Venant moi-même d’une région d’élevage, je fréquente les éleveurs depuis trente ans et je connais le lien intime qui les unit à leurs animaux. Ne me dites pas que notre gestion est technocratique, pas à moi qui connais si bien le monde de l’élevage. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 75,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972429",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 153,
   "annotation_id": "N279b9746a5d5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cela passe d’abord par le déclenchement d’une campagne de vaccination massive, organisée, territorialisée et rapide, qui constitue le meilleur garde-fou contre la maladie.Il faut aussi donner des perspectives à nos éleveurs, les rassurer, leur dire qu’il y a une lumière au bout du tunnel. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je parle du repeuplement des élevages qui auront perdu des animaux. Il est très important de rappeler que la vie ne s’arrête pas avec la maladie. Celle-ci constitue une épreuve cruelle et douloureuse, dont nous prenons toute notre part et que nous comprenons intimement. Venant moi-même d’une région d’élevage, je fréquente les éleveurs depuis trente ans et je connais le lien intime qui les unit à leurs animaux. Ne me dites pas que notre gestion est technocratique, pas à moi qui connais si bien le monde de l’élevage. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841825",
   "speaker": "Patrice Martin",
   "quality": "M. Patrice Martin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972367",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3972367"
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   "order": 78,
   "text": "Vos propos inspirent confiance, mais sachez que, dans le monde agricole, la confiance se mérite et s’entretient ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe UDR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 78,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972367",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "Nc63ae5de4d27",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Vos propos inspirent confiance, mais sachez que, dans le monde agricole, la confiance se mérite et s’entretient ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA822617",
   "speaker": "Martine Froger",
   "quality": "Mme Martine Froger",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972370",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 81,
   "text": "Une détresse profonde traverse le monde agricole, et nos éleveurs en sont les premières victimes. Je veux d’abord leur exprimer tout mon soutien. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)Au-delà des images insoutenables que nous avons tous vues, il y a surtout des femmes et des hommes à bout, qui vivent des nuits sans sommeil, l’angoisse du lendemain et le sentiment de ne plus être entendus, voire d’être méprisés. Chez moi, en Ariège, l’État a procédé à l’abattage de 207 vaches après la détection d’un cas de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse. Les éleveurs sont contraints d’assister, impuissants, à la destruction du travail de toute une vie. Le désespoir est immense, d’autant que la région enregistre déjà le revenu agricole le plus bas de France. Je vous le dis avec gravité : ce désespoir se transforme en colère, et la présence et l’action disproportionnée des forces de l’ordre ne contribuent guère à l’apaisement.Je tiens aussi à rappeler que les éleveurs d’Ariège alertaient sur la menace de la DNC et demandaient une campagne de vaccination dès le mois d’octobre. Je veux être très claire : il ne s’agit pas de remettre en question la science. La priorité est bien de combattre cette maladie pour éviter qu’elle ne sévisse durablement. Néanmoins, un tel objectif ne saurait en aucun cas justifier une gestion froide, verticale et sans dialogue, surtout lorsqu’il s’agit de décisions aussi radicales que l’abattage total d’un troupeau. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)Dans ce contexte, la proposition de Carole Delga de créer un groupe de travail associant les professionnels du secteur et le ministère pour faire évoluer le protocole doit désormais se concrétiser. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 81,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972370",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 279,
   "annotation_id": "N93dbf4098a72",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une détresse profonde traverse le monde agricole, et nos éleveurs en sont les premières victimes. Je veux d’abord leur exprimer tout mon soutien. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Au-delà des images insoutenables que nous avons tous vues, il y a surtout des femmes et des hommes à bout, qui vivent des nuits sans sommeil, l’angoisse du lendemain et le sentiment de ne plus être entendus, voire d’être méprisés. Chez moi, en Ariège, l’État a procédé à l’abattage de 207 vaches après la détection d’un cas de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse. Les éleveurs sont contraints d’assister, impuissants, à la destruction du travail de toute une vie. Le désespoir est immense, d’autant que la région enregistre déjà le revenu agricole le plus bas de France. Je vous le dis avec gravité : ce désespoir se transforme en colère, et la présence et l’action disproportionnée des forces de l’ordre ne contribuent guère à l’apaisement.Je tiens aussi à rappeler que les éleveurs d’Ariège alertaient sur la menace de la DNC et demandaient une campagne de vaccination dès le mois d’octobre. Je veux être très claire : il ne s’agit pas de remettre en question la science. La priorité est bien de combattre cette maladie pour éviter qu’elle ne sévisse durablement. Néanmoins, un tel objectif ne saurait en aucun cas justifier une gestion froide, verticale et sans dialogue, surtout lorsqu’il s’agit de décisions aussi radicales que l’abattage total d’un troupeau. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Dans ce contexte, la proposition de [PERSONNE] de créer un groupe de travail associant les professionnels du secteur et le ministère pour faire évoluer le protocole doit désormais se concrétiser. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA822617",
   "speaker": "Martine Froger",
   "quality": "Mme Martine Froger",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972375",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 86,
   "text": "Il est urgent de répondre à nos éleveurs par des mesures concrètes, rapides et adaptées. Confirmez-vous la création rapide d’un fonds d’urgence visant à garantir la compensation financière intégrale des abattages ? Comptez-vous développer la vaccination au-delà du couloir pyrénéen ? Enfin, comment réagirez-vous aux conséquences du blocage des troupeaux – ils ne pourront plus quitter l’exploitation pendant plusieurs mois –, qui entraînera une perte de production et donc une absence totale de revenus ?Les agriculteurs attendent du respect, de la considération et des réponses précises. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 86,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972375",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N43748f3bd3a5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est urgent de répondre à nos éleveurs par des mesures concrètes, rapides et adaptées. Confirmez-vous la création rapide d’un fonds d’urgence visant à garantir la compensation financière intégrale des abattages ? Comptez-vous développer la vaccination au-delà du couloir pyrénéen ? Enfin, comment réagirez-vous aux conséquences du blocage des troupeaux – ils ne pourront plus quitter l’exploitation pendant plusieurs mois –, qui entraînera une perte de production et donc une absence totale de revenus ?Les agriculteurs attendent du respect, de la considération et des réponses précises. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972377",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 89,
   "text": "Nous nous sommes entretenues il y a quelques jours – vous étiez auprès des éleveurs rassemblés sur un rond-point – et avons évoqué ensemble toutes ces questions. L’Ariège vit effectivement une situation particulièrement difficile depuis la semaine dernière.Je vous assure qu’aucun éleveur ne sera laissé au bord du chemin : l’État est là. Lorsque les éleveurs perdront des bêtes, ils seront indemnisés à hauteur de la valeur marchande des animaux, même si je vous accorde que cela ne compense pas leur valeur affective. L’État sera là pour indemniser les pertes économiques résultant de la perte d’un troupeau. Il sera là également lorsqu’il s’agira – étape très importante – de désinfecter les bâtiments d’élevage pour y accueillir d’autres animaux.Vous évoquez la proposition que j’ai faite hier soir à Mme la présidente du conseil régional d’Occitanie, qui consiste à réunir autour d’une table non l’État ou le gouvernement, mais des représentants du monde de l’élevage occitan (M. Joël Aviragnet applaudit) et des autorités ou experts rattachés à des organismes indépendants, spécialistes des maladies animales. Ces acteurs dialogueront. Je sais qu’une proposition de protocole alternatif a déjà été faite, qui mérite d’être étudiée. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) N’exagérez rien : elle a été émise il y a seulement quelques jours ! Il faut prendre le temps de l’examiner sérieusement.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 89,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972377",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 219,
   "annotation_id": "N0cbdb1a2f7a6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous sommes entretenues il y a quelques jours – vous étiez auprès des éleveurs rassemblés sur un rond-point – et avons évoqué ensemble toutes ces questions. L’Ariège vit effectivement une situation particulièrement difficile depuis la semaine dernière.Je vous assure qu’aucun éleveur ne sera laissé au bord du chemin : l’État est là. Lorsque les éleveurs perdront des bêtes, ils seront indemnisés à hauteur de la valeur marchande des animaux, même si je vous accorde que cela ne compense pas leur valeur affective. L’État sera là pour indemniser les pertes économiques résultant de la perte d’un troupeau. Il sera là également lorsqu’il s’agira – étape très importante – de désinfecter les bâtiments d’élevage pour y accueillir d’autres animaux.Vous évoquez la proposition que j’ai faite hier soir à Mme la présidente du conseil régional d’Occitanie, qui consiste à réunir autour d’une table non l’État ou le gouvernement, mais des représentants du monde de l’élevage occitan (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit) et des autorités ou experts rattachés à des organismes indépendants, spécialistes des maladies animales. Ces acteurs dialogueront. Je sais qu’une proposition de protocole alternatif a déjà été faite, qui mérite d’être étudiée. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) N’exagérez rien : elle a été émise il y a seulement quelques jours ! Il faut prendre le temps de l’examiner sérieusement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972381",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 93,
   "text": "Ces acteurs étudieront la situation ensemble, sans l’État ni le gouvernement, entre éleveurs, responsables agricoles et experts en santé animale. Il faut agir dans un seul but : protéger toujours au mieux le cheptel français, non seulement en Occitanie mais dans tout le reste du territoire ; je rappelle que la France compte 16 millions de bovins. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
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   "frames": "",
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   "analysis_text": "Ces acteurs étudieront la situation ensemble, sans l’État ni le gouvernement, entre éleveurs, responsables agricoles et experts en santé animale. Il faut agir dans un seul but : protéger toujours au mieux le cheptel français, non seulement en Occitanie mais dans tout le reste du territoire ; je rappelle que la France compte 16 millions de bovins. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker": "Jean-René Cazeneuve",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972384",
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   "order": 96,
   "text": "Ce week-end, j’étais sur les barrages aux côtés des agriculteurs du Gers, comme mes collègues aveyronnais, pour écouter, comprendre, dialoguer. C’est bien la moindre des choses. J’ai entendu du désarroi, une détresse humaine, économique et morale ravivée par la gestion de la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse. (Mme Nathalie Oziol s’exclame.)Le cheptel français et sa diversité – je pense à la mirandaise d’Astarac – sont menacés. Je salue l’instauration d’un cordon sanitaire et l’accélération de la vaccination, mais nous appelons à continuer le dialogue pour trouver une solution humaine. Ces mobilisations révèlent qu’au-delà de cette seule crise, nos filières agricoles, poumons indispensables de nos territoires ruraux et de notre souveraineté alimentaire, sont en danger. En Occitanie, aucune des récentes années ne s’est déroulée normalement : crises sanitaires, tensions commerciales, concurrence déloyale, aléas climatiques et instabilité normative ont épuisé des exploitations déjà fragilisées.La loi d’orientation agricole du 24 mars 2025, les mesures fiscales et de simplification proposées par notre groupe et adoptées par l’Assemblée nationale sont positives, mais nous faisons face à une crise structurelle qui appelle d’autres réponses. Nous devons bâtir un véritable « pack » pour l’agriculture de demain, incluant la refondation du modèle économique, l’adaptation au changement climatique, l’accès à l’eau et la sécurisation des transmissions.Toutefois, cette refondation ne sera pas crédible si nous ne protégeons pas nos agriculteurs de la concurrence déloyale.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
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   "analysis_text": "Ce week-end, j’étais sur les barrages aux côtés des agriculteurs du Gers, comme mes collègues aveyronnais, pour écouter, comprendre, dialoguer. C’est bien la moindre des choses. J’ai entendu du désarroi, une détresse humaine, économique et morale ravivée par la gestion de la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)Le cheptel français et sa diversité – je pense à la mirandaise d’Astarac – sont menacés. Je salue l’instauration d’un cordon sanitaire et l’accélération de la vaccination, mais nous appelons à continuer le dialogue pour trouver une solution humaine. Ces mobilisations révèlent qu’au-delà de cette seule crise, nos filières agricoles, poumons indispensables de nos territoires ruraux et de notre souveraineté alimentaire, sont en danger. En Occitanie, aucune des récentes années ne s’est déroulée normalement : crises sanitaires, tensions commerciales, concurrence déloyale, aléas climatiques et instabilité normative ont épuisé des exploitations déjà fragilisées.La loi d’orientation agricole du 24 mars 2025, les mesures fiscales et de simplification proposées par notre groupe et adoptées par l’Assemblée nationale sont positives, mais nous faisons face à une crise structurelle qui appelle d’autres réponses. Nous devons bâtir un véritable « pack » pour l’agriculture de demain, incluant la refondation du modèle économique, l’adaptation au changement climatique, l’accès à l’eau et la sécurisation des transmissions.Toutefois, cette refondation ne sera pas crédible si nous ne protégeons pas nos agriculteurs de la concurrence déloyale."
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA719472",
   "speaker": "Jean-René Cazeneuve",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972389",
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   "order": 101,
   "text": "Le traité avec le Mercosur n’est pas acceptable en l’état, sans mesure de sauvegarde effective, sans clause miroir et sans renforcement des contrôles.Comment, sans remettre en cause le consensus scientifique, assouplir notre protocole d’abattage pour lutter contre la DNC et répondre à la détresse du monde agricole ? Quelles garanties concrètes comptez-vous obtenir avant la signature du traité avec le Mercosur ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
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   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N14442f6967c6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le traité avec le Mercosur n’est pas acceptable en l’état, sans mesure de sauvegarde effective, sans clause miroir et sans renforcement des contrôles.Comment, sans remettre en cause le consensus scientifique, assouplir notre protocole d’abattage pour lutter contre la DNC et répondre à la détresse du monde agricole ? Quelles garanties concrètes comptez-vous obtenir avant la signature du traité avec le Mercosur ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972392",
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   "order": 104,
   "text": "Le périmètre de la vaccination a fait débat ; je tiens à traiter cette question en me concertant avec les éleveurs. Nous en avons très longuement discuté hier soir, lors d’une réunion qui a duré près de deux heures. Nous avons mené un dialogue franc, parfois musclé, mais réel. En principe, la vaccination concerne les bêtes situées dans un rayon de 50 kilomètres autour d’un foyer d’infection, mais j’ai pris acte de la demande d’éleveurs souhaitant élargir la barrière vaccinale pour mieux protéger les troupeaux. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Nous avons donc décidé que le cordon sanitaire enserrerait toute la zone réglementée. Il s’agit d’en faire un mur infranchissable pour protéger non seulement l’Occitanie et la Nouvelle-Aquitaine, mais aussi les terres situées plus au nord, qui contiennent également d’importants bassins d’élevage. J’ai reçu des demandes des départements du Tarn et de l’Hérault ; je suis ouverte à l’extension de la zone vaccinale, mais il faut savoir qu’elle emporte des conséquences économiques, puisqu’elle empêche le commerce et l’exportation. Il leur reviendra de faire leur choix en connaissance de cause.Vous évoquez également le traité avec le Mercosur, au sujet duquel je crois m’être longuement et souvent exprimée. Je considère qu’il s’agit d’un accord d’un autre âge, conçu à une époque où le contexte international était différent. Il n’est pas protecteur, expose nos filières,…",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 104,
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972392",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 224,
   "annotation_id": "Necdd9a080b46",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le périmètre de la vaccination a fait débat ; je tiens à traiter cette question en me concertant avec les éleveurs. Nous en avons très longuement discuté hier soir, lors d’une réunion qui a duré près de deux heures. Nous avons mené un dialogue franc, parfois musclé, mais réel. En principe, la vaccination concerne les bêtes situées dans un rayon de 50 kilomètres autour d’un foyer d’infection, mais j’ai pris acte de la demande d’éleveurs souhaitant élargir la barrière vaccinale pour mieux protéger les troupeaux. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous avons donc décidé que le cordon sanitaire enserrerait toute la zone réglementée. Il s’agit d’en faire un mur infranchissable pour protéger non seulement l’Occitanie et la Nouvelle-Aquitaine, mais aussi les terres situées plus au nord, qui contiennent également d’importants bassins d’élevage. J’ai reçu des demandes des départements du Tarn et de l’Hérault ; je suis ouverte à l’extension de la zone vaccinale, mais il faut savoir qu’elle emporte des conséquences économiques, puisqu’elle empêche le commerce et l’exportation. Il leur reviendra de faire leur choix en connaissance de cause.Vous évoquez également le traité avec le Mercosur, au sujet duquel je crois m’être longuement et souvent exprimée. Je considère qu’il s’agit d’un accord d’un autre âge, conçu à une époque où le contexte international était différent. Il n’est pas protecteur, expose nos filières,…"
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
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   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972395",
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   "order": 107,
   "text": "…ne garantit ni la réciprocité des normes ni les contrôles. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR. – Mme Nicole Le Peih applaudit également.) La position de la France, très claire, consiste à demander des clauses de sauvegarde robustes et activables, des mesures miroirs effectives et des contrôles garantis, pour protéger le monde agricole, notamment le secteur de l’élevage. Sans cela, nous participerions au désespoir de ce monde si attachant et si important. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
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   "words": 87,
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   "analysis_text": "…ne garantit ni la réciprocité des normes ni les contrôles. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) La position de la France, très claire, consiste à demander des clauses de sauvegarde robustes et activables, des mesures miroirs effectives et des contrôles garantis, pour protéger le monde agricole, notamment le secteur de l’élevage. Sans cela, nous participerions au désespoir de ce monde si attachant et si important. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
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  {
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
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   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972406",
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   "order": 119,
   "text": "Enfin, il est des hasards de calendrier parlants. Pendant que notre filière d’élevage meurt, l’Union européenne s’apprête à signer, dans quelques jours, le traité avec le Mercosur. Seule la mobilisation des agriculteurs semble contrarier cela ; et vous, vous la réprimez ! (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et LFI-NFP.) S’il vous plaît, écoutez-moi.",
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   "r": "X",
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   "analysis_text": "Enfin, il est des hasards de calendrier parlants. Pendant que notre filière d’élevage meurt, l’Union européenne s’apprête à signer, dans quelques jours, le traité avec le Mercosur. Seule la mobilisation des agriculteurs semble contrarier cela ; et vous, vous la réprimez ! (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) S’il vous plaît, écoutez-moi."
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   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972408",
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   "order": 121,
   "text": "Plus que la DNC, c’est le traitement réservé à ceux qui nous nourrissent qui choque les Français. Quand mettrez-vous en place une stratégie claire de lutte contre la DNC pour nos éleveurs ? Il y a plus d’un mois, je vous interpellais déjà sur l’indisponibilité des doses de vaccins et sur les conséquences de l’absence d’une stratégie claire. Quand indemniserez-vous enfin les agriculteurs à la hauteur de leur détresse et de votre brutalité ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 121,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972408",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "N80c56b322116",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Plus que la DNC, c’est le traitement réservé à ceux qui nous nourrissent qui choque les Français. Quand mettrez-vous en place une stratégie claire de lutte contre la DNC pour nos éleveurs ? Il y a plus d’un mois, je vous interpellais déjà sur l’indisponibilité des doses de vaccins et sur les conséquences de l’absence d’une stratégie claire. Quand indemniserez-vous enfin les agriculteurs à la hauteur de leur détresse et de votre brutalité ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
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   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
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   ],
   "order": 126,
   "text": "Vous avez évoqué un point très important, que j’ai souvent entendu mentionner lors de mes très nombreux moments d’échange avec les agriculteurs : vous avez évoqué vos parents. Un grand nombre d’éleveurs m’ont relaté ce qu’ont vécu leurs grands-parents ou leurs parents lors des grandes épizooties de fièvre aphteuse ou encore d’encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine. Or le monde de l’élevage s’est toujours relevé de ces événements ; il se relèvera aussi de cette terrible maladie, car il est composé de gens courageux (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem) qui, au-delà de l’épreuve, voient l’avenir d’une profession à laquelle ils sont infiniment attachés.Vous évoquez ce que vous considérez comme un retard à l’allumage s’agissant de la vaccination ; vous dites que vous m’avez interpellée il y a un mois. Or que faisions-nous il y a un mois ?",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 126,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972490",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 146,
   "annotation_id": "Ncf9806ec9a8c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez évoqué un point très important, que j’ai souvent entendu mentionner lors de mes très nombreux moments d’échange avec les agriculteurs : vous avez évoqué vos parents. Un grand nombre d’éleveurs m’ont relaté ce qu’ont vécu leurs grands-parents ou leurs parents lors des grandes épizooties de fièvre aphteuse ou encore d’encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine. Or le monde de l’élevage s’est toujours relevé de ces événements ; il se relèvera aussi de cette terrible maladie, car il est composé de gens courageux (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem) qui, au-delà de l’épreuve, voient l’avenir d’une profession à laquelle ils sont infiniment attachés.Vous évoquez ce que vous considérez comme un retard à l’allumage s’agissant de la vaccination ; vous dites que vous m’avez interpellée il y a un mois. Or que faisions-nous il y a un mois ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972416",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3972416"
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   "order": 131,
   "text": "Voilà ce que nous faisions, ce que nous faisons encore. (Mme Danielle Brulebois applaudit.) Sachez qu’en Occitanie, dans la zone réglementée et à l’intérieur du cordon sanitaire que nous avons établi, nous allons déployer rapidement et massivement la vaccination, en la territorialisant pour qu’elle soit plus rapidement efficace. C’est la meilleure protection contre la perte du cheptel. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
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   "last_order": 131,
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   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972416",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "N2d9080492118",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà ce que nous faisions, ce que nous faisons encore. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Sachez qu’en Occitanie, dans la zone réglementée et à l’intérieur du cordon sanitaire que nous avons établi, nous allons déployer rapidement et massivement la vaccination, en la territorialisant pour qu’elle soit plus rapidement efficace. C’est la meilleure protection contre la perte du cheptel. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841973",
   "speaker": "Pierre-Henri Carbonnel",
   "quality": "M. Pierre-Henri Carbonnel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO872880",
   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972966",
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   "order": 134,
   "text": "Madame la ministre, vous soutenez que la crise est bien gérée. Je l’espère, mais sachez que cette crise est l’expression du mal-être bien plus profond d’une profession qui nous nourrit depuis des siècles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 134,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972966",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nc3a254325c15",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre, vous soutenez que la crise est bien gérée. Je l’espère, mais sachez que cette crise est l’expression du mal-être bien plus profond d’une profession qui nous nourrit depuis des siècles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA643210",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Lecornu",
   "quality": "premier ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972987",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 157,
   "text": "Pardonnez-moi ce cri du cœur, mais on ne peut pas laisser croire que les forces de l’ordre sont utilisées contre les agriculteurs de France.Venons-en à la gestion de cette épizootie. Mme la ministre l’a évoqué, une première réunion s’est tenue ce matin sous son impulsion ; une autre aura lieu vers 17 h 30. Des décisions seront annoncées dans la soirée pour clarifier la stratégie vaccinale, en particulier le zonage. Nous devons répondre aux demandes du terrain et mener une étude d’impact sur les conséquences possibles d’une vaccination sur les filières, en particulier en ce qui concerne l’exportation. Ce travail est mené par les préfets de département, les présidents de chambre d’agriculture et les différentes organisations professionnelles. Je souhaite que la décision soit aussi éclairée que possible.L’urgence absolue est d’accélérer la vaccination. Pour cela, nous avons besoin d’obtenir les doses et de lever certains freins logistiques. Ce n’est en effet pas un problème d’argent ni d’acquisition, car les commandes ont bien été passées. Il existe cependant un problème d’aller vers, pour rendre les doses disponibles au plus près des élevages. Des décisions seront donc prises aujourd’hui.Nous avons besoin de bras pour vacciner – c’est un enjeu majeur. Je tiens à saluer l’ensemble de la profession vétérinaire et l’ordre des vétérinaires, qui se sont largement mobilisés. (Applaudissements prolongés sur les bancs des groupes EPR, SOC, DR, Dem et HOR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RN et EcoS.) Vous pouvez les applaudir car ils remplissent une mission dont nous mesurons tous la difficulté. Je salue les vétérinaires retraités qui ont accepté de revenir travailler, de même que les élèves des écoles vétérinaires qui ont accepté, sur proposition de la ministre, de rendre ce service. Je mobiliserai également les vétérinaires militaires dont disposent les armées françaises : ils seront dépêchés dans les zones atteintes pour accélérer la vaccination et répondre aux besoins exprimés sur le terrain. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.)D’autres points seront traités tout à l’heure, comme la question du transport illégal de bétail. Si le virus se propage, c’est malheureusement parce que des animaux ont été transportés en toute illégalité. Cela provoque de la colère chez les éleveurs qui respectent les règles de protection sanitaire ; ils ne peuvent être tenus pour responsables de ce que font ceux qui ne les respectent pas. Il ne s’agit pas de pointer du doigt qui que ce soit, mais de reconnaître que les mesures de précaution restent les meilleures des mesures.Outre la vaccination, Mme Genevard a évoqué ce que l’on appelle peut-être un peu trop techniquement la stratégie de repeuplement, essentielle pour l’espérance. Les éleveurs doivent en effet pouvoir reprendre leur activité le plus vite possible. Nous ne manquons pas de références dans le passé ; le modèle savoyard a été souvent évoqué et d’autres modèles existent. Les élus et les représentants syndicaux font des propositions sur lesquelles nous aurons l’occasion de revenir.Je souligne que les tout petits élevages qui connaîtront dans les jours qui viennent des difficultés de trésorerie bénéficieront d’un accompagnement spécifique. Ils ne demandent pas l’aumône ; ils ne demandent pas de subventions ; ils veulent tout simplement vivre dignement de leur travail. La meilleure des réponses que nous pouvons leur apporter consiste à rétablir les conditions leur permettant de le faire.En fin de semaine – vendredi, sans doute –, je recevrai à Matignon l’ensemble des organisations professionnelles agricoles. Ce sera l’occasion de revenir sur l’accord avec le Mercosur et sur la négociation de la politique agricole commune, dans laquelle le gouvernement sera plus qu’engagé : il sera dur dans la discussion avec la Commission européenne.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Crise agricole",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 157,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972987",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 601,
   "annotation_id": "N2879b03deff5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pardonnez-moi ce cri du cœur, mais on ne peut pas laisser croire que les forces de l’ordre sont utilisées contre les agriculteurs de France.Venons-en à la gestion de cette épizootie. Mme la ministre l’a évoqué, une première réunion s’est tenue ce matin sous son impulsion ; une autre aura lieu vers 17 h 30. Des décisions seront annoncées dans la soirée pour clarifier la stratégie vaccinale, en particulier le zonage. Nous devons répondre aux demandes du terrain et mener une étude d’impact sur les conséquences possibles d’une vaccination sur les filières, en particulier en ce qui concerne l’exportation. Ce travail est mené par les préfets de département, les présidents de chambre d’agriculture et les différentes organisations professionnelles. Je souhaite que la décision soit aussi éclairée que possible.L’urgence absolue est d’accélérer la vaccination. Pour cela, nous avons besoin d’obtenir les doses et de lever certains freins logistiques. Ce n’est en effet pas un problème d’argent ni d’acquisition, car les commandes ont bien été passées. Il existe cependant un problème d’aller vers, pour rendre les doses disponibles au plus près des élevages. Des décisions seront donc prises aujourd’hui.Nous avons besoin de bras pour vacciner – c’est un enjeu majeur. Je tiens à saluer l’ensemble de la profession vétérinaire et l’ordre des vétérinaires, qui se sont largement mobilisés. (Applaudissements prolongés sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR, Dem et HOR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Vous pouvez les applaudir car ils remplissent une mission dont nous mesurons tous la difficulté. Je salue les vétérinaires retraités qui ont accepté de revenir travailler, de même que les élèves des écoles vétérinaires qui ont accepté, sur proposition de la ministre, de rendre ce service. Je mobiliserai également les vétérinaires militaires dont disposent les armées françaises : ils seront dépêchés dans les zones atteintes pour accélérer la vaccination et répondre aux besoins exprimés sur le terrain. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)D’autres points seront traités tout à l’heure, comme la question du transport illégal de bétail. Si le virus se propage, c’est malheureusement parce que des animaux ont été transportés en toute illégalité. Cela provoque de la colère chez les éleveurs qui respectent les règles de protection sanitaire ; ils ne peuvent être tenus pour responsables de ce que font ceux qui ne les respectent pas. Il ne s’agit pas de pointer du doigt qui que ce soit, mais de reconnaître que les mesures de précaution restent les meilleures des mesures.Outre la vaccination, Mme Genevard a évoqué ce que l’on appelle peut-être un peu trop techniquement la stratégie de repeuplement, essentielle pour l’espérance. Les éleveurs doivent en effet pouvoir reprendre leur activité le plus vite possible. Nous ne manquons pas de références dans le passé ; le modèle savoyard a été souvent évoqué et d’autres modèles existent. Les élus et les représentants syndicaux font des propositions sur lesquelles nous aurons l’occasion de revenir.Je souligne que les tout petits élevages qui connaîtront dans les jours qui viennent des difficultés de trésorerie bénéficieront d’un accompagnement spécifique. Ils ne demandent pas l’aumône ; ils ne demandent"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA643210",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Lecornu",
   "quality": "premier ministre",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972995",
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   "order": 167,
   "text": "La PAC est constitutive de l’aventure et de la construction européennes ; nul ne saurait manquer à cet engagement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR, DR, Dem et HOR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LIOT.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Crise agricole",
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   "words": 38,
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   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La PAC est constitutive de l’aventure et de la construction européennes ; nul ne saurait manquer à cet engagement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR, Dem et HOR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LIOT.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793664",
   "speaker": "Marie Pochon",
   "quality": "Mme Marie Pochon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972998",
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   "order": 170,
   "text": "En janvier 2024, Gérald Darmanin appelait les forces de l’ordre à la « modération » face à la colère agricole. Deux ans plus tard, deux poids, deux mesures. Je voudrais ici exprimer mon soutien à tous les éleveurs touchés par la DNC, à leurs familles ainsi qu’aux personnels vétérinaires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Nous ne faisons pas face à une simple crise sanitaire, mais à des drames humains, sociaux, économiques.Depuis juin, 113 foyers ont été détectés, 3 300 bovins ont été abattus. Des éleveurs ont vu disparaître en quelques heures le travail de toute une vie, parfois de plusieurs générations. Après avoir été notifiés du jour au lendemain de l’abattage de leur troupeau, ils sont gazés, réprimés. C’est une réponse brutale et disproportionnée.Aux éleveurs esseulés, madame la ministre, vous avez répondu la semaine dernière par une proposition de réunion en visioconférence avant d’accepter, finalement, un déplacement sur le terrain.Cela fait six mois que l’urgence est à la vaccination. Pourtant, nous n’avons toujours pas assez de doses. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP). Pourtant, l’abattage massif continue, couplé à une répression sans nom. Tout arrive toujours trop tard, alors même que les épizooties vont exploser du fait de votre inaction climatique et de votre soutien à l’industrialisation de l’élevage, tout cela pour protéger nos exportations. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)Depuis plus de deux ans, la colère gronde dans les campagnes : surendettement, concurrence déloyale, explosion de la fièvre catarrhale ovine, de la salmonelle, de la DNC, revenus en berne, mal-être… Alors que nous demandons la juste rémunération et l’accompagnement à la transition, votre seule réponse sont des lois propesticides et la signature de l’accord entre l’Union européenne et le Mercosur, qui permettra l’importation de 100 000 tonnes de viande bovine.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 170,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972998",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 309,
   "annotation_id": "Nb0d50705f4e1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En janvier 2024, [PERSONNE] appelait les forces de l’ordre à la « modération » face à la colère agricole. Deux ans plus tard, deux poids, deux mesures. Je voudrais ici exprimer mon soutien à tous les éleveurs touchés par la DNC, à leurs familles ainsi qu’aux personnels vétérinaires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous ne faisons pas face à une simple crise sanitaire, mais à des drames humains, sociaux, économiques.Depuis juin, 113 foyers ont été détectés, 3 300 bovins ont été abattus. Des éleveurs ont vu disparaître en quelques heures le travail de toute une vie, parfois de plusieurs générations. Après avoir été notifiés du jour au lendemain de l’abattage de leur troupeau, ils sont gazés, réprimés. C’est une réponse brutale et disproportionnée.Aux éleveurs esseulés, madame la ministre, vous avez répondu la semaine dernière par une proposition de réunion en visioconférence avant d’accepter, finalement, un déplacement sur le terrain.Cela fait six mois que l’urgence est à la vaccination. Pourtant, nous n’avons toujours pas assez de doses. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]). Pourtant, l’abattage massif continue, couplé à une répression sans nom. Tout arrive toujours trop tard, alors même que les épizooties vont exploser du fait de votre inaction climatique et de votre soutien à l’industrialisation de l’élevage, tout cela pour protéger nos exportations. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Depuis plus de deux ans, la colère gronde dans les campagnes : surendettement, concurrence déloyale, explosion de la fièvre catarrhale ovine, de la salmonelle, de la DNC, revenus en berne, mal-être… Alors que nous demandons la juste rémunération et l’accompagnement à la transition, votre seule réponse sont des lois propesticides et la signature de l’accord entre l’Union européenne et le Mercosur, qui permettra l’importation de 100 000 tonnes de viande bovine."
  },
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793664",
   "speaker": "Marie Pochon",
   "quality": "Mme Marie Pochon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973003",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3973003"
   ],
   "order": 176,
   "text": "Madame la ministre de l’agriculture, c’est l’ensemble de la politique agricole qui dysfonctionne. Écouterez-vous les éleveurs au lieu de les réprimer ? Renoncerez-vous à fiscaliser leurs indemnités ? Surtout, quand sortirez-vous enfin de la gestion de crise permanente, qui épuise les éleveurs, au profit d’un élevage robuste, nourricier, affranchi des contraintes imposées par les traités de libre-échange ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 176,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973003",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N8880943b56f4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre de l’agriculture, c’est l’ensemble de la politique agricole qui dysfonctionne. Écouterez-vous les éleveurs au lieu de les réprimer ? Renoncerez-vous à fiscaliser leurs indemnités ? Surtout, quand sortirez-vous enfin de la gestion de crise permanente, qui épuise les éleveurs, au profit d’un élevage robuste, nourricier, affranchi des contraintes imposées par les traités de libre-échange ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973005",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 178,
   "text": "Madame la députée, vous êtes une des spécialistes de votre groupe sur les questions agricoles. Nous avons eu de nombreux échanges lors de l’examen des textes qui les concernent et je sais que vous y portez un intérêt sincère. Une chose au moins nous rassemble, madame la députée, ainsi qu’avec tous les députés issus de tous les bancs : vous avez tous commencé vos interventions en apportant votre soutien aux éleveurs, et nous nous accordons sur la solidarité nationale à leur égard. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR. – Mme Stella Dupont applaudit également.) Dans un monde si fracturé, peu de causes nous rassemblent autant.Vous avez évoqué les éleveurs qui malheureusement ont perdu leurs troupeaux ; 3 300 bêtes, tel est en effet le bilan des abattages dans tous les foyers apparus en France depuis le 29 juin.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 178,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973005",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N76ad10065ae2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la députée, vous êtes une des spécialistes de votre groupe sur les questions agricoles. Nous avons eu de nombreux échanges lors de l’examen des textes qui les concernent et je sais que vous y portez un intérêt sincère. Une chose au moins nous rassemble, madame la députée, ainsi qu’avec tous les députés issus de tous les bancs : vous avez tous commencé vos interventions en apportant votre soutien aux éleveurs, et nous nous accordons sur la solidarité nationale à leur égard. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Dans un monde si fracturé, peu de causes nous rassemblent autant.Vous avez évoqué les éleveurs qui malheureusement ont perdu leurs troupeaux ; 3 300 bêtes, tel est en effet le bilan des abattages dans tous les foyers apparus en France depuis le 29 juin."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973009",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3973009"
   ],
   "order": 183,
   "text": "Vous évoquez aussi la question de l’industrialisation de l’élevage, mais je ne sais pas dans quelle France vous vivez ! Je visite des fermes plusieurs fois par semaine et je ne vois pas d’industrie de l’élevage. Il est vrai qu’il y a de petits et de gros élevages,…",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 183,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973009",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N0ee647082178",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous évoquez aussi la question de l’industrialisation de l’élevage, mais je ne sais pas dans quelle France vous vivez ! Je visite des fermes plusieurs fois par semaine et je ne vois pas d’industrie de l’élevage. Il est vrai qu’il y a de petits et de gros élevages,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973011",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3973011"
   ],
   "order": 187,
   "text": "Il faut donc prendre les bonnes mesures sur les plans sanitaire, humain et économique – il n’est pas indécent de poser la question de l’économie agricole. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 187,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973011",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N57faee3cc24e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut donc prendre les bonnes mesures sur les plans sanitaire, humain et économique – il n’est pas indécent de poser la question de l’économie agricole. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642725",
   "speaker": "Eric Liégeon",
   "quality": "M. Eric Liégeon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973014",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 192,
   "text": "L’épidémie de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse qui menace actuellement les élevages bovins suscite de grandes inquiétudes dans les territoires d’élevage. Les récents abattages de troupeaux entraînent de vives réactions dans le monde agricole et ont suscité depuis plusieurs jours de nombreuses mobilisations.Le dépeuplement des troupeaux touchés par la maladie est un événement dramatique pour un éleveur, qui voit l’outil de travail de plusieurs générations anéanti ; c’est une situation extrêmement douloureuse qui a de lourdes conséquences économiques, sociales et psychologiques. En tant qu’éleveur et au nom du groupe Droite républicaine, je veux ici apporter tout mon soutien à mes collègues agriculteurs et leur dire combien je comprends leur détresse. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.) Le dialogue avec les acteurs sanitaires, les éleveurs et les professionnels est indispensable pour gérer cette crise.Le protocole sanitaire instauré dès l’été, au moment de l’apparition des premiers cas dans les Savoies, a démontré son efficacité. La surveillance des troupeaux, la vaccination et l’abattage des cheptels touchés ont permis de contenir la propagation de la maladie. Les éleveurs concernés en reconnaissent désormais eux-mêmes les résultats, malgré la dureté des mesures, et certains ont déjà pu repeupler leurs troupeaux. Les nouveaux cas récemment apparus sur le territoire ne font qu’augmenter l’inquiétude.Pour éviter la propagation de cette maladie hautement contagieuse, nous avons besoin d’un protocole clair et scientifiquement étayé. Un bon nombre des éleveurs que je rencontre comprend la stratégie déployée ; ils se disent fatigués des discours d’experts en DNC autoproclamés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.) Instrumentaliser cette menace est irresponsable et alimente la confusion.Madame la ministre de l’agriculture, comment le gouvernement compte-t-il renforcer la stratégie sanitaire pour faire face à cette crise d’ampleur ? Les éleveurs ont réellement besoin d’être rassurés, d’autant qu’à cette crise s’ajoute l’inquiétude liée à l’accord avec le Mercosur, accord que vous avez toujours combattu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR. – Rires et exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 192,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973014",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 343,
   "annotation_id": "Na50e57a90559",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’épidémie de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse qui menace actuellement les élevages bovins suscite de grandes inquiétudes dans les territoires d’élevage. Les récents abattages de troupeaux entraînent de vives réactions dans le monde agricole et ont suscité depuis plusieurs jours de nombreuses mobilisations.Le dépeuplement des troupeaux touchés par la maladie est un événement dramatique pour un éleveur, qui voit l’outil de travail de plusieurs générations anéanti ; c’est une situation extrêmement douloureuse qui a de lourdes conséquences économiques, sociales et psychologiques. En tant qu’éleveur et au nom du groupe [GROUPE], je veux ici apporter tout mon soutien à mes collègues agriculteurs et leur dire combien je comprends leur détresse. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.) Le dialogue avec les acteurs sanitaires, les éleveurs et les professionnels est indispensable pour gérer cette crise.Le protocole sanitaire instauré dès l’été, au moment de l’apparition des premiers cas dans les Savoies, a démontré son efficacité. La surveillance des troupeaux, la vaccination et l’abattage des cheptels touchés ont permis de contenir la propagation de la maladie. Les éleveurs concernés en reconnaissent désormais eux-mêmes les résultats, malgré la dureté des mesures, et certains ont déjà pu repeupler leurs troupeaux. Les nouveaux cas récemment apparus sur le territoire ne font qu’augmenter l’inquiétude.Pour éviter la propagation de cette maladie hautement contagieuse, nous avons besoin d’un protocole clair et scientifiquement étayé. Un bon nombre des éleveurs que je rencontre comprend la stratégie déployée ; ils se disent fatigués des discours d’experts en DNC autoproclamés. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.) Instrumentaliser cette menace est irresponsable et alimente la confusion.Madame la ministre de l’agriculture, comment le gouvernement compte-t-il renforcer la stratégie sanitaire pour faire face à cette crise d’ampleur ? Les éleveurs ont réellement besoin d’être rassurés, d’autant qu’à cette crise s’ajoute l’inquiétude liée à l’accord avec le Mercosur, accord que vous avez toujours combattu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR. – Rires et exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973217",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 198,
   "text": "Je vous remercie pour cette question, vous dont je connais l’exploitation, puisque vous êtes un éleveur de nos belles vaches montbéliardes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)L’État est aux côtés des éleveurs ; je voudrais rappeler quels dispositifs humains et financiers il déploie en leur faveur.D’abord, aucun éleveur touché ne sera laissé seul au bord du chemin. Le gouvernement, par la voix du premier ministre, s’y est engagé.",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 198,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973217",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "Nd1af4b796845",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie pour cette question, vous dont je connais l’exploitation, puisque vous êtes un éleveur de nos belles vaches montbéliardes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)L’État est aux côtés des éleveurs ; je voudrais rappeler quels dispositifs humains et financiers il déploie en leur faveur.D’abord, aucun éleveur touché ne sera laissé seul au bord du chemin. Le gouvernement, par la voix du premier ministre, s’y est engagé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3973224"
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   "order": 206,
   "text": "Tous ceux qui ont la tentation d’instrumentaliser cette maladie redoutable à des fins politiques – certains le font même éhontément – sont non seulement à côté de la plaque, mais ils compromettent aussi le chemin d’espoir vers lequel nous voulons mener ces éleveurs.Ce chemin passe par la vaccination, la protection, le repeuplement et la reprise de la vie dans les exploitations d’élevage. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 206,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973224",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "Nff078bda1fdc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Tous ceux qui ont la tentation d’instrumentaliser cette maladie redoutable à des fins politiques – certains le font même éhontément – sont non seulement à côté de la plaque, mais ils compromettent aussi le chemin d’espoir vers lequel nous voulons mener ces éleveurs.Ce chemin passe par la vaccination, la protection, le repeuplement et la reprise de la vie dans les exploitations d’élevage. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840075",
   "speaker": "Eddy Casterman",
   "quality": "M. Eddy Casterman",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973228",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 210,
   "text": "Je veux porter devant la représentation nationale la colère des maîtres-ouvriers de la Fonderie de Sougland. Cette entreprise, la plus ancienne des Hauts-de-France – elle a été créée sous François Ier –, fait la fierté de la Thiérache et de l’Aisne.Ce monument de notre patrimoine industriel, qui a survécu aux convulsions de l’histoire, à la grande dépression de 1929, à deux guerres mondiales et même au quinquennat socialiste de François Hollande, est aujourd’hui menacé par les déboires du macronisme finissant.La signature du crime ? Un simple acronyme, ACI – la si mal nommée Alliance des compétences industrielles. Ce groupe, qui a berné tous les grands de Bercy jusqu’au ministre Ferracci, n’est rien d’autre qu’une énième arnaque qui provoque une catastrophe industrielle.Malgré les alertes de l’Union des industries et métiers de la métallurgie, votre gouvernement n’a pas voulu voir le fiasco annoncé : le groupe, surendetté, a été placé en redressement judiciaire, une enquête pénale a été ouverte, des salaires n’ont pas été versés et 1 300 emplois sont menacés.Ce désastre s’ajoute à la litanie des fermetures d’usines qui n’épargnent plus aucun territoire : Brandt et ses 700 salariés, que vous avez trahis, ArcelorMittal, NovAsco, Teisseire ou encore Erasteel.Ces coups de poignards dans le dos de nos forces productives sont la conséquence de votre soumission à la folie normative et fiscale et au prix prohibitif de l’énergie et à votre apathie douanière face au dumping chinois.Monsieur le premier ministre, combien de temps refuserez-vous d’entendre la proposition de Marine Le Pen, qui appelle à créer un véritable fonds souverain français, capable d’inciter les épargnants français à investir durablement dans les bases industrielles françaises ? Quand déclarerez-vous l’état d’urgence industriel de la France ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Politique industrielle",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 210,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973228",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 298,
   "annotation_id": "N727ae2e723e1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux porter devant la représentation nationale la colère des maîtres-ouvriers de la Fonderie de Sougland. Cette entreprise, la plus ancienne des Hauts-de-France – elle a été créée sous François Ier –, fait la fierté de la Thiérache et de l’Aisne.Ce monument de notre patrimoine industriel, qui a survécu aux convulsions de l’histoire, à la grande dépression de 1929, à deux guerres mondiales et même au quinquennat [GROUPE] de [PERSONNE], est aujourd’hui menacé par les déboires du macronisme finissant.La signature du crime ? Un simple acronyme, ACI – la si mal nommée Alliance des compétences industrielles. Ce groupe, qui a berné tous les grands de Bercy jusqu’au ministre Ferracci, n’est rien d’autre qu’une énième arnaque qui provoque une catastrophe industrielle.Malgré les alertes de l’Union des industries et métiers de la métallurgie, votre gouvernement n’a pas voulu voir le fiasco annoncé : le groupe, surendetté, a été placé en redressement judiciaire, une enquête pénale a été ouverte, des salaires n’ont pas été versés et 1 300 emplois sont menacés.Ce désastre s’ajoute à la litanie des fermetures d’usines qui n’épargnent plus aucun territoire : Brandt et ses 700 salariés, que vous avez trahis, ArcelorMittal, NovAsco, Teisseire ou encore Erasteel.Ces coups de poignards dans le dos de nos forces productives sont la conséquence de votre soumission à la folie normative et fiscale et au prix prohibitif de l’énergie et à votre apathie douanière face au dumping chinois.Monsieur le premier ministre, combien de temps refuserez-vous d’entendre la proposition de [PERSONNE], qui appelle à créer un véritable fonds souverain français, capable d’inciter les épargnants français à investir durablement dans les bases industrielles françaises ? Quand déclarerez-vous l’état d’urgence industriel de la France ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793214",
   "speaker": "Audrey Abadie-Amiel",
   "quality": "Mme Audrey Abadie-Amiel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973247",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3973247"
   ],
   "order": 229,
   "text": "Depuis plusieurs années, les agriculteurs français sont frappés de plein fouet par une succession de crises sanitaires majeures : grippe aviaire, fièvre catarrhale ovine, peste porcine africaine et, désormais, dermatose nodulaire contagieuse bovine. Ces maladies s’ajoutent à la situation économique déjà très fragile de nombre d’exploitations.En Ariège, dans ma circonscription, nous avons vécu un drame humain et agricole avec l’abattage total d’un troupeau de 208 bêtes aux Bordes-sur-Arize. Je tiens à exprimer tout mon soutien à cette famille d’éleveurs ariégeois ainsi qu’à l’ensemble des agriculteurs concernés par ces mesures.Pour celles et ceux qui subissent l’abattage de leur élevage, qui est souvent le fruit de toute une vie de travail, le traumatisme est immense. Par ailleurs, de nombreux éleveurs devront vacciner leur troupeau, ce qui a pour conséquence directe l’interdiction d’exporter, fragilisant encore davantage leur avenir économique. Ces décisions sont vécues comme des protocoles imposés sans concertation ni possibilité de négocier, alors même que leurs conséquences sont lourdes et durables.Dans ce contexte, de nombreuses questions se posent. L’abattage systématique est-il réellement la meilleure réponse sanitaire possible face à la DNC ? Quelles solutions alternatives sont aujourd’hui étudiées ou envisagées ? Comment l’État entend-il accompagner durablement les éleveurs touchés, tant sur le plan psychologique qu’économique ?Enfin, quelle stratégie à long terme le gouvernement souhaite-t-il adopter pour anticiper ces crises sanitaires à répétition et éviter que les agriculteurs n’en soient, à chaque fois, les premières victimes ?Je l’ai vu dans les échanges que j’ai eus avec les agriculteurs, au téléphone ou sur le rond-point où ils manifestent pacifiquement : leur détresse s’exprime avec force. Ils ont besoin de clarté, de perspectives et de respect, afin de continuer à exercer leur métier dans des conditions dignes et soutenables. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 229,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973247",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 291,
   "annotation_id": "Nd8261a68479b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis plusieurs années, les agriculteurs français sont frappés de plein fouet par une succession de crises sanitaires majeures : grippe aviaire, fièvre catarrhale ovine, peste porcine africaine et, désormais, dermatose nodulaire contagieuse bovine. Ces maladies s’ajoutent à la situation économique déjà très fragile de nombre d’exploitations.En Ariège, dans ma circonscription, nous avons vécu un drame humain et agricole avec l’abattage total d’un troupeau de 208 bêtes aux Bordes-sur-Arize. Je tiens à exprimer tout mon soutien à cette famille d’éleveurs ariégeois ainsi qu’à l’ensemble des agriculteurs concernés par ces mesures.Pour celles et ceux qui subissent l’abattage de leur élevage, qui est souvent le fruit de toute une vie de travail, le traumatisme est immense. Par ailleurs, de nombreux éleveurs devront vacciner leur troupeau, ce qui a pour conséquence directe l’interdiction d’exporter, fragilisant encore davantage leur avenir économique. Ces décisions sont vécues comme des protocoles imposés sans concertation ni possibilité de négocier, alors même que leurs conséquences sont lourdes et durables.Dans ce contexte, de nombreuses questions se posent. L’abattage systématique est-il réellement la meilleure réponse sanitaire possible face à la DNC ? Quelles solutions alternatives sont aujourd’hui étudiées ou envisagées ? Comment l’État entend-il accompagner durablement les éleveurs touchés, tant sur le plan psychologique qu’économique ?Enfin, quelle stratégie à long terme le gouvernement souhaite-t-il adopter pour anticiper ces crises sanitaires à répétition et éviter que les agriculteurs n’en soient, à chaque fois, les premières victimes ?Je l’ai vu dans les échanges que j’ai eus avec les agriculteurs, au téléphone ou sur le rond-point où ils manifestent pacifiquement : leur détresse s’exprime avec force. Ils ont besoin de clarté, de perspectives et de respect, afin de continuer à exercer leur métier dans des conditions dignes et soutenables. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LIOT.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605991",
   "speaker": "Annie Genevard",
   "quality": "ministre de l’agriculture, de l’agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973254",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3973254"
   ],
   "order": 236,
   "text": "J’ai appelé la famille Vergé, touchée par cette terrible épreuve, pour lui exprimer ma compassion. Comme vous l’avez souligné à juste titre, l’élevage, c’est le travail de toute une vie, voire de plusieurs vies. Dans les exploitations familiales, on s’attache aux cheptels qui sont transmis et enrichis génétiquement. C’est tout cela qui part avec les animaux, affectant non seulement l’éleveur, mais aussi sa famille – l’épouse, l’époux, les enfants –, ses voisins, ses amis et la communauté villageoise.Dans de telles situations, ce qui importe d’abord, c’est l’accompagnement humain. C’est la raison pour laquelle, avec les chambres d’agriculture, la MSA et les moyens dont dispose le ministère, nous entourons psychologiquement l’éleveur pour qu’il ne soit pas laissé seul.Le rôle du réchauffement climatique dans la survenue de plus en plus fréquente d’épizooties ravageuses est évidemment à interroger. Il faut renforcer notre politique de prévention, qui passe en premier lieu par la prophylaxie : vaccination, biosécurité, surveillance des cheptels et intervention rapide à la moindre trace de la maladie. L’Ariège a été meurtrie, mais elle se relèvera. J’en suis certaine. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et DR.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Dermatose nodulaire contagieuse",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 236,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973254",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 186,
   "annotation_id": "N740f32e2cb8c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai appelé la famille Vergé, touchée par cette terrible épreuve, pour lui exprimer ma compassion. Comme vous l’avez souligné à juste titre, l’élevage, c’est le travail de toute une vie, voire de plusieurs vies. Dans les exploitations familiales, on s’attache aux cheptels qui sont transmis et enrichis génétiquement. C’est tout cela qui part avec les animaux, affectant non seulement l’éleveur, mais aussi sa famille – l’épouse, l’époux, les enfants –, ses voisins, ses amis et la communauté villageoise.Dans de telles situations, ce qui importe d’abord, c’est l’accompagnement humain. C’est la raison pour laquelle, avec les chambres d’agriculture, la MSA et les moyens dont dispose le ministère, nous entourons psychologiquement l’éleveur pour qu’il ne soit pas laissé seul.Le rôle du réchauffement climatique dans la survenue de plus en plus fréquente d’épizooties ravageuses est évidemment à interroger. Il faut renforcer notre politique de prévention, qui passe en premier lieu par la prophylaxie : vaccination, biosécurité, surveillance des cheptels et intervention rapide à la moindre trace de la maladie. L’Ariège a été meurtrie, mais elle se relèvera. J’en suis certaine. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA335612",
   "speaker": "Jean-Paul Lecoq",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Paul Lecoq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973259",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3973259"
   ],
   "order": 241,
   "text": "Le groupe de la Gauche démocrate et républicaine s’associe aux mots de la présidente pour dénoncer les actes criminels antisémites et apporter son soutien aux victimes ainsi qu’à leurs familles.Depuis le cessez-le-feu du 10 octobre 2025, toujours officiellement en vigueur, près de 400 Palestiniens ont été tués par l’armée israélienne dans la bande de Gaza. L’entrée de l’aide humanitaire reste insuffisante par rapport aux besoins de la population, l’autorité israélienne refusant l’entrée de nombreux produits et équipements de santé.Parallèlement, la colonisation en Cisjordanie continue de s’intensifier.Face à ces violations répétées du droit international, la France a accordé vendredi dernier le statut de réfugié à un Palestinien de Cisjordanie. C’est bien, mais où sont les condamnations de la France ? Où sont les sanctions ?Mercredi 10 décembre, 18 tonnes de tubes de canon pour obusiers de 155 millimètres devaient être acheminées au port du Havre, pour être transportés vers le port israélien d’Haïfa.En tant que député de la circonscription, je salue l’action des quelque 3 000 dockers du Havre et de leur syndicat CGT, qui ont refusé de manutentionner ce matériel destiné à alimenter la machine de guerre israélienne dans le génocide des Palestiniens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Conflit au Moyen-Orient",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 241,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973259",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 203,
   "annotation_id": "Nf6b9971fe7fb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe de la [GROUPE] s’associe aux mots de la présidente pour dénoncer les actes criminels antisémites et apporter son soutien aux victimes ainsi qu’à leurs familles.Depuis le cessez-le-feu du 10 octobre 2025, toujours officiellement en vigueur, près de 400 Palestiniens ont été tués par l’armée israélienne dans la bande de Gaza. L’entrée de l’aide humanitaire reste insuffisante par rapport aux besoins de la population, l’autorité israélienne refusant l’entrée de nombreux produits et équipements de santé.Parallèlement, la colonisation en Cisjordanie continue de s’intensifier.Face à ces violations répétées du droit international, la France a accordé vendredi dernier le statut de réfugié à un Palestinien de Cisjordanie. C’est bien, mais où sont les condamnations de la France ? Où sont les sanctions ?Mercredi 10 décembre, 18 tonnes de tubes de canon pour obusiers de 155 millimètres devaient être acheminées au port du Havre, pour être transportés vers le port israélien d’Haïfa.En tant que député de la circonscription, je salue l’action des quelque 3 000 dockers du Havre et de leur syndicat CGT, qui ont refusé de manutentionner ce matériel destiné à alimenter la machine de guerre israélienne dans le génocide des Palestiniens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972940",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3972940"
   ],
   "order": 365,
   "text": "Une semaine après le vote en nouvelle lecture, nous nous retrouvons cet après-midi pour la lecture définitive du budget de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. Depuis trois ans, jamais un budget de la sécurité sociale n’a été autant débattu, amendé et enrichi par vos travaux. Le renoncement à l’article 49, alinéa 3, a consacré une méthode et un résultat clairs. Ce budget n’est pas celui d’un gouvernement face au Parlement, mais celui d’un Parlement au service du pays.Je veux donc saluer toutes celles et tous ceux, notamment le rapporteur général…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 365,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972940",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "N02be91752c9c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Une semaine après le vote en nouvelle lecture, nous nous retrouvons cet après-midi pour la lecture définitive du budget de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. Depuis trois ans, jamais un budget de la sécurité sociale n’a été autant débattu, amendé et enrichi par vos travaux. Le renoncement à l’article 49, alinéa 3, a consacré une méthode et un résultat clairs. Ce budget n’est pas celui d’un gouvernement face au Parlement, mais celui d’un Parlement au service du pays.Je veux donc saluer toutes celles et tous ceux, notamment le rapporteur général…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972943",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3972943"
   ],
   "order": 368,
   "text": "…et les représentants des différents groupes qui, par-delà les sensibilités, ont su faire vivre le dialogue et l’exercice exigeant du compromis. Les débats ont pu être vifs, souvent animés, mais jamais stériles – car derrière les chiffres et la technique, c’est la vie quotidienne de l’ensemble de nos concitoyens qui est en jeu. Il faut donc se réjouir de la mobilisation des représentants de la nation pour l’hôpital public, pour nos soignants, nos familles et nos aînés. Pour eux qui nous regardent aujourd’hui, ce vote est fondamental.Ce vote est fondamental pour les familles. Ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) réaffirme l’orientation de notre politique familiale vers de meilleures conditions d’accueil pour les enfants, avec la création d’un congé supplémentaire de naissance, très attendu dans le contexte démographique qui est le nôtre, mais également l’ajout lors des débats d’un dispositif de lutte contre les impayés des assistantes maternelles. Ces progrès sociaux concrets ont été rendus possibles grâce à votre mobilisation.Ce vote est fondamental pour les patients. Ce PLFSS ouvre un nouvel acte préventif en créant des parcours pris en charge pour prévenir l’apparition ou l’aggravation de maladies chez des millions de Français. Nous améliorons également l’accès aux soins grâce à France Santé, avec une offre plus lisible et plus proche. Le texte prévoit aussi un effort à destination des outre-mer : le fonds d’intervention régional (FIR) est abondé de 100 millions pour soutenir la prévention, l’accès aux soins et la prise en charge des maladies chroniques. Enfin, il consacre un effort supplémentaire de 150 millions aux Ehpad.Ce vote est fondamental pour l’hôpital public, avec 3,5 milliards supplémentaires et une hausse de 3,1 % de l’Objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) pour accompagner les charges, stabiliser les tarifs, renforcer l’attractivité des métiers, soutenir la psychiatrie, les soins critiques, la lutte contre le cancer et les soins palliatifs. Au-delà du PLFSS, nous devons donner un horizon à l’hôpital, avec des investissements durables et des perspectives de financement pluriannuel.Enfin, ce vote est fondamental pour les soignants. Nous poursuivons les revalorisations pour les infirmiers, dont la reconnaissance unanime s’est traduite par la loi votée en juin. Pour tous les soignants, je le redis, ma méthode est claire : débloquer, accélérer, dialoguer. Ma porte restera toujours ouverte.En préservant l’équilibre de nos comptes sociaux, nous nous donnons la capacité de voir plus loin. Nous nous donnons des perspectives pour penser le financement de notre modèle social à l’aune de la nouvelle donne démographique.Si le vote de la semaine dernière est confirmé, il constituera un acte fort de responsabilité collective et un signal de confiance adressé à nos concitoyens à l’heure où certains nourrissent l’antiparlementarisme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 368,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972943",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 457,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe56be45d8df",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "grâce à votre mobilisation.Ce vote est fondamental pour les patients. Ce PLFSS ouvre un nouvel acte préventif en créant des parcours pris en charge pour prévenir l’apparition ou l’aggravation de maladies chez des millions de Français. Nous améliorons également l’accès aux soins grâce à France Santé, avec une offre plus lisible et plus proche. Le texte prévoit aussi un effort à destination des outre-mer : le fonds d’intervention régional (FIR) est abondé de 100 millions pour soutenir la prévention, l’accès aux soins et la prise en charge des maladies chroniques. Enfin, il consacre un effort supplémentaire de 150 millions aux Ehpad.Ce vote est fondamental pour l’hôpital public, avec 3,5 milliards supplémentaires et une hausse de 3,1 % de l’Objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) pour accompagner les charges, stabiliser les tarifs, renforcer l’attractivité des métiers, soutenir la psychiatrie, les soins critiques, la lutte contre le cancer et les soins palliatifs. Au-delà du PLFSS, nous devons donner un horizon à l’hôpital, avec des investissements durables et des perspectives de financement pluriannuel.Enfin, ce vote est fondamental pour les soignants. Nous poursuivons les revalorisations pour les infirmiers, dont la reconnaissance unanime s’est traduite par la loi votée en juin. Pour tous les soignants,"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA873624",
   "speaker": "Jean-Pierre Farandou",
   "quality": "ministre du travail et des solidarités",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972951",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 376,
   "text": "Après deux mois de travail parlementaire intense, vous allez vous prononcer sur la copie finale du budget de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. Dans des conditions inédites – sans majorité absolue, sans 49.3 –, vous êtes parvenus à trouver des voies de passage pour le construire. Séance après séance, article après article, amendement après amendement, des compromis ont émergé, à la fois entre les groupes politiques de l’Assemblée nationale et entre les deux chambres du Parlement, pour dessiner cette version finale.Je vous remercie pour la qualité des débats parlementaires de ces dernières semaines, à la fois en commission et dans l’hémicycle. Chacune de vos contributions a été utile pour faire avancer le débat parlementaire. J’aimerais remercier tout particulièrement M. le président de la commission des affaires sociales, Frédéric Valletoux, et M. le rapporteur général, Thibault Bazin, pour leur implication tout au long de l’examen et de la construction de ce budget, dans un contexte inédit et particulièrement exigeant. (Mme Justine Gruet, Mme Annie Vidal et M. Philippe Vigier applaudissent.) Je voudrais aussi remercier les présidentes et présidents de groupe qui, au nom de l’intérêt général, ont joué la carte de la discussion et ont pris toute leur part dans les débats pour amender la copie initiale.Le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale qui vous est présenté aujourd’hui est un texte utile, qui nous préserve du risque d’un dérapage budgétaire incontrôlé. Je rappelle que sans vote de ce budget, le déficit attendrait 30 milliards à la fin de l’année prochaine, ce qui est énorme. Avec ce texte, nous avons réussi à le contenir.Ce budget contient également une série de mesures positives issues de votre travail. Vous avez su construire un texte d’équilibre entre maîtrise du déficit et avancées pour les Françaises et les Français. Ma collègue ministre de la santé a rappelé celles qui concernent son ministère, mais il y en a aussi en matière de travail et de solidarité. Certaines sont issues du dialogue social ; vous savez combien il m’est cher.Je pense notamment aux mesures qui améliorent la reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles et la retraite des femmes ayant eu des enfants, qu’elles aient travaillé dans le secteur privé ou dans la fonction publique. C’était attendu depuis très longtemps. Dès l’année prochaine, plus de la moitié des femmes verront une amélioration du montant de leur pension. C’est une avancée concrète pour réduire les écarts de pension entre les hommes et les femmes.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 376,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3972951",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 405,
   "annotation_id": "Ncd3031489a68",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Après deux mois de travail parlementaire intense, vous allez vous prononcer sur la copie finale du budget de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. Dans des conditions inédites – sans majorité absolue, sans 49.3 –, vous êtes parvenus à trouver des voies de passage pour le construire. Séance après séance, article après article, amendement après amendement, des compromis ont émergé, à la fois entre les groupes politiques de l’Assemblée nationale et entre les deux chambres du Parlement, pour dessiner cette version finale.Je vous remercie pour la qualité des débats parlementaires de ces dernières semaines, à la fois en commission et dans l’hémicycle. Chacune de vos contributions a été utile pour faire avancer le débat parlementaire. J’aimerais remercier tout particulièrement M. le président de la commission des affaires sociales, [PERSONNE], et M. le rapporteur général, [PERSONNE], pour leur implication tout au long de l’examen et de la construction de ce budget, dans un contexte inédit et particulièrement exigeant. (Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.) Je voudrais aussi remercier les présidentes et présidents de groupe qui, au nom de l’intérêt général, ont joué la carte de la discussion et ont pris toute leur part dans les débats pour amender la copie initiale.Le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale qui vous est présenté aujourd’hui est un texte utile, qui nous préserve du risque d’un dérapage budgétaire incontrôlé. Je rappelle que sans vote de ce budget, le déficit attendrait 30 milliards à la fin de l’année prochaine, ce qui est énorme. Avec ce texte, nous avons réussi à le contenir.Ce budget contient également une série de mesures positives issues de votre travail. Vous avez su construire un texte d’équilibre entre maîtrise du déficit et avancées pour les Françaises et les Français. Ma collègue ministre de la santé a rappelé celles qui concernent son ministère, mais il y en a aussi en matière de travail et de solidarité. Certaines sont issues du dialogue social ; vous savez combien il m’est cher.Je pense notamment aux mesures qui améliorent la reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles et la retraite des femmes ayant eu des enfants, qu’elles aient travaillé dans le secteur privé ou dans la fonction publique. C’était attendu depuis très longtemps. Dès l’année prochaine, plus de la moitié des femmes verront une amélioration du montant de leur pension. C’est une avancée concrète pour réduire les écarts de pension entre les hommes et les femmes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974043",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974043"
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   "order": 440,
   "text": "Ses membres ont en horreur cette création de richesse sans capital, ces centaines de milliards qui échappent aux logiques de marché et aux dividendes des actionnaires. Offense ultime, la gestion de la sécurité sociale est revenue aux travailleurs. Votre budget s’inscrit dans cette longue histoire des attaques contre la sécurité sociale. S’il faut voter contre ce texte, c’est parce qu’il renforce la destruction de notre système de santé et ne répond pas aux besoins. Il prévoit 4 milliards d’euros de coupes dans la santé publique. Voici la grande victoire des socialistes : voter pour un budget qui ne maintient même pas les moyens des hôpitaux et des Ehpad à niveau constant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 440,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974043",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Nf4e39c146e7d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ses membres ont en horreur cette création de richesse sans capital, ces centaines de milliards qui échappent aux logiques de marché et aux dividendes des actionnaires. Offense ultime, la gestion de la sécurité sociale est revenue aux travailleurs. Votre budget s’inscrit dans cette longue histoire des attaques contre la sécurité sociale. S’il faut voter contre ce texte, c’est parce qu’il renforce la destruction de notre système de santé et ne répond pas aux besoins. Il prévoit 4 milliards d’euros de coupes dans la santé publique. Voici la grande victoire des socialistes : voter pour un budget qui ne maintient même pas les moyens des hôpitaux et des Ehpad à niveau constant. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974045",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974045"
   ],
   "order": 442,
   "text": "Voter contre ce texte est une évidence car depuis huit ans, vous organisez la pénurie : pénurie de soignants, pénurie de lits d’hôpitaux, pénurie de médicaments, pénurie de recettes pour la sécurité sociale.Ensuite, vous rabâchez d’éternels mensonges sur le trou de la sécu que vous avez vous-même créé. Avec 80 milliards d’euros d’exonérations de cotisations, du Rassemblement national à la Macronie, on applaudit des deux mains la liquidation des caisses de la sécurité sociale. (« Quelle honte ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Ce disque rayé n’en finit pas de tourner, au point qu’il interroge sur votre cohérence : si vos solutions fonctionnaient, nous n’en serions pas là. En réalité, la sécurité sociale n’a aucun problème de financement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 442,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974045",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 127,
   "annotation_id": "N1a4388e2399f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Voter contre ce texte est une évidence car depuis huit ans, vous organisez la pénurie : pénurie de soignants, pénurie de lits d’hôpitaux, pénurie de médicaments, pénurie de recettes pour la sécurité sociale.Ensuite, vous rabâchez d’éternels mensonges sur le trou de la sécu que vous avez vous-même créé. Avec 80 milliards d’euros d’exonérations de cotisations, du [GROUPE] à la Macronie, on applaudit des deux mains la liquidation des caisses de la sécurité sociale. (« Quelle honte ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ce disque rayé n’en finit pas de tourner, au point qu’il interroge sur votre cohérence : si vos solutions fonctionnaient, nous n’en serions pas là. En réalité, la sécurité sociale n’a aucun problème de financement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974058",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974058"
   ],
   "order": 455,
   "text": "Madame la présidente Panot, quand on convoque l’histoire, il faut se montrer à la hauteur du présent. Dire, comme vous l’avez fait, que voter ce budget reviendrait à sauver le président de la République, c’est oublier de dire que ne pas le voter reviendrait à coup sûr à faire couler la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et DR. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 455,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974058",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "Neeeee4426dcc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la présidente Panot, quand on convoque l’histoire, il faut se montrer à la hauteur du présent. Dire, comme vous l’avez fait, que voter ce budget reviendrait à sauver le président de la République, c’est oublier de dire que ne pas le voter reviendrait à coup sûr à faire couler la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et DR. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974060",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974060"
   ],
   "order": 457,
   "text": "Ne pas voter ce budget, c’est empêcher les hôpitaux de fonctionner dans quinze jours, le 1er janvier 2026. C’est renoncer à toute négociation conventionnelle avec les infirmières, à 4 500 recrutements dans les Ehpad (M. Philippe Vigier applaudit), au congé de naissance – que les députés LFI ne sont pourtant pas les derniers à revendiquer comme une de leurs victoires –, à 50 000 solutions pour les personnes en situation de handicap (Exclamations prolongées sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP) et à des moyens nouveaux pour les hôpitaux psychiatriques. Ne pas voter ce budget, c’est dire aux Françaises qui ont eu des enfants qu’elles devront encore attendre pour qu’il y ait enfin de l’équité dans le calcul de leur retraite.C’est pourquoi je veux rappeler qu’il y a dans ce budget 8 milliards d’euros d’investissements supplémentaires pour la santé issus des ressources collectives du pays.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 457,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974060",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 144,
   "annotation_id": "N0b6481c42a9e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ne pas voter ce budget, c’est empêcher les hôpitaux de fonctionner dans quinze jours, le 1er janvier 2026. C’est renoncer à toute négociation conventionnelle avec les infirmières, à 4 500 recrutements dans les Ehpad (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit), au congé de naissance – que les députés [GROUPE] ne sont pourtant pas les derniers à revendiquer comme une de leurs victoires –, à 50 000 solutions pour les personnes en situation de handicap (Exclamations prolongées sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et à des moyens nouveaux pour les hôpitaux psychiatriques. Ne pas voter ce budget, c’est dire aux Françaises qui ont eu des enfants qu’elles devront encore attendre pour qu’il y ait enfin de l’équité dans le calcul de leur retraite.C’est pourquoi je veux rappeler qu’il y a dans ce budget 8 milliards d’euros d’investissements supplémentaires pour la santé issus des ressources collectives du pays."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974076",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974076"
   ],
   "order": 475,
   "text": "Heureusement, le macronisme est en fin de règne et nous préparons l’alternance que la France et les Français méritent et attendent avec grande impatience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 475,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974076",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Ndeb2799b1e18",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Heureusement, le macronisme est en fin de règne et nous préparons l’alternance que la France et les Français méritent et attendent avec grande impatience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal (EPR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974078",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974078"
   ],
   "order": 477,
   "text": "La motion de rejet présentée par La France insoumise s’inscrit dans une stratégie bien connue : le refus de tout compromis et la recherche du chaos. Pourtant, le rejet n’est pas un projet ; il ne soignera pas les Français. Il traduit une volonté d’effacer un point d’équilibre construit dans l’intérêt collectif alors que le premier ministre a choisi de ne pas recourir au 49.3, laissant ainsi toute sa place à l’expression parlementaire. On ne peut pas vouloir prendre la main sur le débat parlementaire et, en même temps, refuser d’assumer les responsabilités qui en découlent.Par rapport au texte initial, des avancées ont été obtenues : les franchises médicales, le gel des pensions et des prestations sociales, la taxation des titres-restaurant et des salaires des apprentis ont été abandonnés. Nous avons également identifié des recettes nouvelles tout en préservant les petits épargnants et les plus précaires. Pour maîtriser certaines dépenses et préserver notre système de protection sociale, ce budget soutient le travail et les heures supplémentaires.Il promeut des actions de prévention, notamment sur la politique vaccinale et sur les affections de longue durée. Grâce au réseau France Santé, il développe l’accès aux soins. Il accompagne spécifiquement les Ehpad avec une enveloppe de 150 millions d’euros. Il améliore la retraite des femmes et soutient les agriculteurs ; il soutient la natalité avec le congé de naissance. Il acte enfin une hausse de l’Ondam de 3 %, soit 8,2 milliards d’euros de plus que l’année dernière.Ce budget de la sécurité sociale n’est donc pas un budget d’austérité, mais un budget de responsabilité qui tient compte d’un cadre financier très contraint, à l’opposé de la motion de rejet qui porte en elle une totale inconséquence. Pour toutes ces raisons, nous voterons contre cette motion. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 477,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974078",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 305,
   "annotation_id": "N0f73d73ae4cd",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La motion de rejet présentée par [GROUPE] s’inscrit dans une stratégie bien connue : le refus de tout compromis et la recherche du chaos. Pourtant, le rejet n’est pas un projet ; il ne soignera pas les Français. Il traduit une volonté d’effacer un point d’équilibre construit dans l’intérêt collectif alors que le premier ministre a choisi de ne pas recourir au 49.3, laissant ainsi toute sa place à l’expression parlementaire. On ne peut pas vouloir prendre la main sur le débat parlementaire et, en même temps, refuser d’assumer les responsabilités qui en découlent.Par rapport au texte initial, des avancées ont été obtenues : les franchises médicales, le gel des pensions et des prestations sociales, la taxation des titres-restaurant et des salaires des apprentis ont été abandonnés. Nous avons également identifié des recettes nouvelles tout en préservant les petits épargnants et les plus précaires. Pour maîtriser certaines dépenses et préserver notre système de protection sociale, ce budget soutient le travail et les heures supplémentaires.Il promeut des actions de prévention, notamment sur la politique vaccinale et sur les affections de longue durée. Grâce au réseau France Santé, il développe l’accès aux soins. Il accompagne spécifiquement les Ehpad avec une enveloppe de 150 millions d’euros. Il améliore la retraite des femmes et soutient les agriculteurs ; il soutient la natalité avec le congé de naissance. Il acte enfin une hausse de l’Ondam de 3 %, soit 8,2 milliards d’euros de plus que l’année dernière.Ce budget de la sécurité sociale n’est donc pas un budget d’austérité, mais un budget de responsabilité qui tient compte d’un cadre financier très contraint, à l’opposé de la motion de rejet qui porte en elle une totale inconséquence. Pour toutes ces raisons, nous voterons contre cette motion. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974206",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974206"
   ],
   "order": 482,
   "text": "Avec cette motion de rejet, nous donnons à chaque député la possibilité d’affirmer – ou non – son soutien au gouvernement Lecornu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Pour les hôpitaux, il manquait 1,8 milliard d’euros en 2024 et 2,4 milliards en 2025. En 2026, il manquera au moins 3 milliards. C’est véritablement la casse de l’hôpital public.Nous pouvons appliquer la même analyse à tout le budget de l’assurance maladie. Voilà pourquoi je me demande ce qui a pu motiver vingt-six collègues écologistes, qui avaient voté contre le budget 2024 et contre le budget 2025, à s’abstenir sur le budget pour 2026 alors qu’il réunit les horreurs de 2024 et celles de 2025 ! (Mêmes mouvements.)Pour les familles, le coût des complémentaires va augmenter de plus de 4 %, tandis que 1,2 million d’entre elles verront leurs allocations familiales baisser.Pour les malades, la durée des arrêts maladie va être limitée à un mois. Les diabétiques de type 2 seront exclus de la prise en charge à 100 % au titre d’une ALD.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 482,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974206",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 172,
   "annotation_id": "N4ac2397bc169",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avec cette motion de rejet, nous donnons à chaque député la possibilité d’affirmer – ou non – son soutien au gouvernement Lecornu. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Pour les hôpitaux, il manquait 1,8 milliard d’euros en 2024 et 2,4 milliards en 2025. En 2026, il manquera au moins 3 milliards. C’est véritablement la casse de l’hôpital public.Nous pouvons appliquer la même analyse à tout le budget de l’assurance maladie. Voilà pourquoi je me demande ce qui a pu motiver vingt-six collègues écologistes, qui avaient voté contre le budget 2024 et contre le budget 2025, à s’abstenir sur le budget pour 2026 alors qu’il réunit les horreurs de 2024 et celles de 2025 ! (Mêmes mouvements.)Pour les familles, le coût des complémentaires va augmenter de plus de 4 %, tandis que 1,2 million d’entre elles verront leurs allocations familiales baisser.Pour les malades, la durée des arrêts maladie va être limitée à un mois. Les diabétiques de type 2 seront exclus de la prise en charge à 100 % au titre d’une ALD."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840939",
   "speaker": "Océane Godard",
   "quality": "Mme Océane Godard (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974217",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974217"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "La motion qui nous est proposée par le groupe La France insoumise vise à rejeter le PLFSS, donc à rejeter des mesures pour les Français, dont certaines avec lesquelles vous êtes en accord et pour lesquelles vous vous êtes, nous nous sommes battus aux côtés des partenaires sociaux. Je pense notamment à la réforme des retraites de 2023. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)Aujourd’hui, vous nous proposez de rejeter la suspension de cette réforme,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 494,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974217",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 75,
   "annotation_id": "N608e0f3b3246",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La motion qui nous est proposée par le groupe [GROUPE] vise à rejeter le PLFSS, donc à rejeter des mesures pour les Français, dont certaines avec lesquelles vous êtes en accord et pour lesquelles vous vous êtes, nous nous sommes battus aux côtés des partenaires sociaux. Je pense notamment à la réforme des retraites de 2023. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Aujourd’hui, vous nous proposez de rejeter la suspension de cette réforme,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840939",
   "speaker": "Océane Godard",
   "quality": "Mme Océane Godard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974220",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974220"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "…de rejeter l’indexation des pensions et des minima sociaux, de rejeter l’augmentation du budget des hôpitaux et des Ehpad, la hausse de 4 milliards d’euros du budget de la sécurité sociale, celle de la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) sur les revenus financiers, et bien d’autres mesures protégeant les Français, parce que ce n’est pas assez. Vous avez raison : ce n’est pas assez, ce PLFSS est imparfait. Mais c’est précisément là que nos visions, que nos appréciations de la situation divergent : entre le « rien » et le « un peu », nous prenons le « un peu », pour les Français. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Contre l’intransigeance qui est la vôtre, nous optons pour l’exigence du compromis constructif, qui permet de doter la France d’un budget pour la santé et le secteur médico-social. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.)Les socialistes ne cèdent ni au confort idéologique ni aux intérêts partisans ; ils travaillent, gouvernés par la vérité du moment, celle consistant à penser plus grand que soi. Pour ces raisons, nous voterons contre la motion de rejet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 497,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974220",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 190,
   "annotation_id": "N41b1df3ab8c5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…de rejeter l’indexation des pensions et des minima sociaux, de rejeter l’augmentation du budget des hôpitaux et des Ehpad, la hausse de 4 milliards d’euros du budget de la sécurité sociale, celle de la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) sur les revenus financiers, et bien d’autres mesures protégeant les Français, parce que ce n’est pas assez. Vous avez raison : ce n’est pas assez, ce PLFSS est imparfait. Mais c’est précisément là que nos visions, que nos appréciations de la situation divergent : entre le « rien » et le « un peu », nous prenons le « un peu », pour les Français. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Contre l’intransigeance qui est la vôtre, nous optons pour l’exigence du compromis constructif, qui permet de doter la France d’un budget pour la santé et le secteur médico-social. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Les socialistes ne cèdent ni au confort idéologique ni aux intérêts partisans ; ils travaillent, gouvernés par la vérité du moment, celle consistant à penser plus grand que soi. Pour ces raisons, nous voterons contre la motion de rejet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974223",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3974223"
   ],
   "order": 500,
   "text": "Manifestement, certains députés à ma droite et d’autres à ma gauche souhaitent priver notre pays de budget de la sécurité sociale et annuler des semaines de travail. Tel n’est pas notre souhait, ni celui des Français.Les députés de la Droite républicaine se sont opposés à la version initiale du texte, qui comportait de nouvelles taxes et impositions. Nous avons obtenu des avancées importantes pour les Français : en faveur de la France qui travaille, le rétablissement de la défiscalisation intégrale des heures supplémentaires ; en faveur de la France qui a travaillé toute sa vie, la revalorisation de toutes les pensions en proportion de l’inflation – à nos yeux, la retraite n’est pas un privilège, mais le fruit d’une vie passée à travailler et à cotiser. Nous avons gagné d’autres avancées : en faveur des classes moyennes, la suppression de la hausse de la CSG sur l’épargne populaire et les petits épargnants ; et pour les professionnels de santé, enfin, l’abandon de l’essentiel des mesures qui risquaient de pénaliser nos pharmaciens, nos radiologues ou nos médecins libéraux.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Motion de rejet préalable",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 500,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3974223",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 177,
   "annotation_id": "N0e4eb7d10569",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Manifestement, certains députés à ma droite et d’autres à ma gauche souhaitent priver notre pays de budget de la sécurité sociale et annuler des semaines de travail. Tel n’est pas notre souhait, ni celui des Français.Les députés de la [GROUPE] se sont opposés à la version initiale du texte, qui comportait de nouvelles taxes et impositions. Nous avons obtenu des avancées importantes pour les Français : en faveur de la France qui travaille, le rétablissement de la défiscalisation intégrale des heures supplémentaires ; en faveur de la France qui a travaillé toute sa vie, la revalorisation de toutes les pensions en proportion de l’inflation – à nos yeux, la retraite n’est pas un privilège, mais le fruit d’une vie passée à travailler et à cotiser. Nous avons gagné d’autres avancées : en faveur des classes moyennes, la suppression de la hausse de la CSG sur l’épargne populaire et les petits épargnants ; et pour les professionnels de santé, enfin, l’abandon de l’essentiel des mesures qui risquaient de pénaliser nos pharmaciens, nos radiologues ou nos médecins libéraux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3975334"
   ],
   "order": 557,
   "text": "Nous allons nous opposer fermement au dernier vote du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026.Non que nous ignorions les incertitudes qui toucheront une année encore notre système de protection sociale et les difficultés que nous éprouvons à le financer de manière adéquate. Non que nous ignorions la détresse des entrepreneurs et de leurs salariés face à la folie des prélèvements sociaux et fiscaux de notre pays, les causes de la profonde inquiétude de nos retraités et de nos handicapés, ou encore la précarité de beaucoup de familles, en particulier les familles monoparentales. Nous n’ignorons pas davantage les difficultés de tous les soignants – salariés ou libéraux – du monde médico-social, de nos hôpitaux et de nos Ehpad, dont certains sont en train de fermer leurs portes. Bien au contraire ! Il est temps de dire « stop » à la spirale vicieuse qui, depuis plus de quarante-cinq ans, nous aspire vers le bas en broyant notre système social. Nous ne pouvons persévérer dans la sottise et l’aveuglement.Notre système, fondé sur la répartition et alimenté par la reconstruction de la France d’après-guerre, a commencé à se fissurer après le premier choc pétrolier, dont il ne s’est jamais remis faute d’une bonne stratégie. En 1996, une première tentative de sauvetage de la dette par les ordonnances Juppé n’a conduit qu’à sa cristallisation dans la Cades – Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale –, toujours bien vivante trente ans plus tard. (M. Emmanuel Mandon s’exclame.) Depuis, la Cades a repris 400 milliards de dette sociale, soit 13 milliards d’euros par an – la somme exacte qui nous manque chaque année à cause du déclin concomitant et inexorable de notre productivité et de nos richesses. Tous les gouvernements, de droite comme de gauche, y ont participé. Aujourd’hui, les cinq branches de la sécurité sociale ne sont financées qu’à 48 % par le travail, et bientôt, elles ne le seront qu’à 45 %. Nous avons donc totalement fiscalisé la sécurité sociale. Or, comme la gestion des comptes de l’État est elle aussi hors de contrôle, la compensation ne pourra pas avoir lieu. C’est le mur !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 557,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975334",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 356,
   "annotation_id": "Nb8939b9d4c1b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "nous ignorions les incertitudes qui toucheront une année encore notre système de protection sociale et les difficultés que nous éprouvons à le financer de manière adéquate. Non que nous ignorions la détresse des entrepreneurs et de leurs salariés face à la folie des prélèvements sociaux et fiscaux de notre pays, les causes de la profonde inquiétude de nos retraités et de nos handicapés, ou encore la précarité de beaucoup de familles, en particulier les familles monoparentales. Nous n’ignorons pas davantage les difficultés de tous les soignants – salariés ou libéraux – du monde médico-social, de nos hôpitaux et de nos Ehpad, dont certains sont en train de fermer leurs portes. Bien au contraire ! Il est temps de dire « stop » à la spirale vicieuse qui, depuis plus de quarante-cinq ans, nous aspire vers le bas en broyant notre système social. Nous ne pouvons persévérer dans la sottise et l’aveuglement.Notre système, fondé sur la répartition et alimenté par la reconstruction de la France d’après-guerre, a commencé à se fissurer après le premier choc pétrolier, dont il ne s’est jamais remis faute d’une bonne stratégie. En 1996, une première tentative de sauvetage de la dette par les ordonnances Juppé n’a conduit"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975338",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3975338"
   ],
   "order": 561,
   "text": "Vous êtes tous dans le mur ! Tous ceux qui ont initié le projet du gouvernement, tous ceux qui l’ont soutenu – le bloc central, bien sûr, les LR de l’Assemblée nationale…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 561,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975338",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "Nab507b7e9493",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Vous êtes tous dans le mur ! Tous ceux qui ont initié le projet du gouvernement, tous ceux qui l’ont soutenu – le bloc central, bien sûr, les [GROUPE] de l’Assemblée nationale…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975346",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3975346"
   ],
   "order": 569,
   "text": "D’ici là, le Rassemblement national et Marine Le Pen, libres dans leur trajectoire politique et conscients de la situation, préfèrent voter contre votre projet de loi, afin que les Français, qui seront certes fragilisés, puissent survivre et relancer la productivité et les richesses françaises. Sans entreprises, sans employeurs, sans autoentrepreneurs, sans indépendants, sans fonctionnaires, sans agriculteurs, la France disparaît peu à peu – et vos financements avec !Il faut impérativement faire ce que vous n’avez jamais osé faire. Par exemple, pendant un an, geler tout prélèvement supplémentaire ; permettre le retour au travail des 2 millions d’actifs, jeunes et moins jeunes, qui n’ont aucune activité et n’auront aucune retraite ; couper dans les dépenses inutiles – celles qui financent les agences de l’État, les comités redondants, les caisses absentes ou des anomalies comptables avérées ; revoir la totalité de la gestion numérique de la protection sociale ; retracer tous les circuits financiers, du prélèvement à la centralisation, de la répartition entre branches jusqu’aux prestations ; verrouiller les transferts qui ne sont que des jeux de bonneteau ; recouvrer les 40 milliards d’indus non récupérés ; stopper la fraude, et, bien sûr, ne réserver les prestations nationales qu’aux étrangers qui ont bien travaillé sur notre sol. C’est urgent. En une année de respiration, nous pourrons faire le point ; après, ce sera réglé : nous serons aux affaires ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 569,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975346",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 237,
   "annotation_id": "Nfce851c9b50f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "D’ici là, le [GROUPE] et [PERSONNE], libres dans leur trajectoire politique et conscients de la situation, préfèrent voter contre votre projet de loi, afin que les Français, qui seront certes fragilisés, puissent survivre et relancer la productivité et les richesses françaises. Sans entreprises, sans employeurs, sans autoentrepreneurs, sans indépendants, sans fonctionnaires, sans agriculteurs, la France disparaît peu à peu – et vos financements avec !Il faut impérativement faire ce que vous n’avez jamais osé faire. Par exemple, pendant un an, geler tout prélèvement supplémentaire ; permettre le retour au travail des 2 millions d’actifs, jeunes et moins jeunes, qui n’ont aucune activité et n’auront aucune retraite ; couper dans les dépenses inutiles – celles qui financent les agences de l’État, les comités redondants, les caisses absentes ou des anomalies comptables avérées ; revoir la totalité de la gestion numérique de la protection sociale ; retracer tous les circuits financiers, du prélèvement à la centralisation, de la répartition entre branches jusqu’aux prestations ; verrouiller les transferts qui ne sont que des jeux de bonneteau ; recouvrer les 40 milliards d’indus non récupérés ; stopper la fraude, et, bien sûr, ne réserver les prestations nationales qu’aux étrangers qui ont bien travaillé sur notre sol. C’est urgent. En une année de respiration, nous pourrons faire le point ; après, ce sera réglé : nous serons aux affaires ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719736",
   "speaker": "Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "quality": "Mme Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975349",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3975349"
   ],
   "order": 572,
   "text": "Nous nous apprêtons à voter le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour l’année 2026, à un moment tout à fait particulier de notre histoire sociale. L’année 2025 marque en effet les 80 ans de la sécurité sociale. Depuis 1945, celle-ci est bien plus qu’un système de protection. C’est un pacte républicain, fondé sur un principe simple et profondément juste : chacun contribue selon ses moyens et reçoit selon ses besoins.Nous devons protéger ce modèle, ce qui suppose de le regarder avec lucidité. En cas de rejet du PLFSS, le déficit de la sécurité sociale approcherait les 29 milliards en 2026. Refuser de le voter consisterait donc à affaiblir durablement le bien commun que nous célébrons aujourd’hui.Depuis plusieurs semaines, le débat budgétaire se tient dans un contexte politique exigeant, marqué par l’absence de majorité absolue à l’Assemblée. Or la promesse du premier ministre a été tenue : le gouvernement a proposé, le Parlement a débattu, le Parlement a amendé, et aujourd’hui, le Parlement vote. C’est cela, une démocratie parlementaire vivante ! Un compromis ne se décrète pas, il se construit. Le Sénat a fait le choix d’adopter une motion de rejet préalable, ce qui nous ramène à la version du texte adoptée la semaine dernière à l’Assemblée. Nous ne rouvrons donc pas le débat ; nous confirmons un vote déjà advenu, fruit de longues discussions parlementaires.Ce PLFSS est un budget imparfait : un budget de compromis, un budget de transition et un budget de synthèse. En l’absence de majorité absolue, le groupe Ensemble pour la République a fait un choix clair : celui de la responsabilité. Nous n’avons ni renoncé au débat, ni cédé à la facilité du rejet. Nous avons travaillé, négocié et amendé ce texte pour en préserver l’équilibre et en renforcer l’utilité. Nous avons pris part aux débats en refusant les impasses budgétaires, en écartant les mesures injustes et en favorisant l’adoption d’avancées concrètes, sans pour autant fragiliser la soutenabilité de notre modèle social. Ce texte n’est pas un texte subi mais un texte construit. Il porte la marque d’un travail parlementaire exigeant, conduit par notre groupe dans un esprit de compromis et de responsabilité.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS ne serait pas un geste neutre. Ce serait refuser de soutenir des politiques essentielles pour les Françaises et les Français les plus modestes. Sans PLFSS, pas de nouveaux moyens pour l’hôpital, puisque les tarifs hospitaliers ne seraient pas revalorisés et que les investissements prévus resteraient gelés. Pas de moyens supplémentaires pour les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux, ce qui empêcherait le recrutement de 4 500 équivalents temps plein en Ehpad. Pas de trajectoire crédible pour atteindre les 50 000 solutions dans le champ du handicap à l’horizon 2030. Enfin, pas de développement de l’habitat intermédiaire pour nos aînés alors que celui-ci est essentiel à une vieillesse digne.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, ce serait aussi priver les Françaises et les Français, en particulier les plus vulnérables, de nouveaux droits très concrets. En effet, voter ce texte permettrait de faire de la prévention une priorité pour tous grâce à la prise en charge d’accompagnements spécifiques pour réduire les risques de maladies chroniques. Cela permettrait aussi de renforcer la politique vaccinale ; de mieux lutter contre les déserts médicaux par la mise en place du réseau France Santé ; de mieux allouer les moyens dans le champ du handicap par la réforme de la tarification des établissements pour enfants et jeunes adultes en situation de handicap ; d’améliorer le recouvrement des pensions alimentaires ; de créer un congé supplémentaire de naissance attendu par de nombreuses familles ; de sécuriser et de simplifier le cumul emploi-retraite ; de mieux protéger les femmes au moment de la retraite en corrigeant les inégalités liées à la maternité – une mesure attendue de longue date par les partenaires sociaux.Sur les recettes, notre ligne est claire : nous avons assumé de demander un effort ciblé et temporaire aux complémentaires santé – ce qui correspond au remboursement d’une hausse de cotisations anticipée l’an dernier qui ne s’est finalement pas traduite par une augmentation du ticket modérateur. Des dispositions ont été votées pour éviter que cet effort se répercute sur les assurés. (M. Philippe Vigier applaudit.) Nous veillerons particulièrement à ce qu’elles soient respectées.Dans le même temps, nous avons mené des batailles utiles. Nous avons écarté des mesures injustes, pour défendre des mesures essentielles pour le pouvoir d’achat des Françaises et des Français. L’engagement constant des députés Ensemble pour la République a permis d’obtenir des avancées comme le maintien de l’exonération sur les titres-restaurant ou la protection du salaire des apprentis.Mes chers collègues, voter ce PLFSS, ce n’est pas en approuver chaque ligne sans réserve mais faire le choix de la responsabilité, le choix de l’intérêt général…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 572,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975349",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 791,
   "annotation_id": "Nfaf03929f9b4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "pas un texte subi mais un texte construit. Il porte la marque d’un travail parlementaire exigeant, conduit par notre groupe dans un esprit de compromis et de responsabilité.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS ne serait pas un geste neutre. Ce serait refuser de soutenir des politiques essentielles pour les Françaises et les Français les plus modestes. Sans PLFSS, pas de nouveaux moyens pour l’hôpital, puisque les tarifs hospitaliers ne seraient pas revalorisés et que les investissements prévus resteraient gelés. Pas de moyens supplémentaires pour les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux, ce qui empêcherait le recrutement de 4 500 équivalents temps plein en Ehpad. Pas de trajectoire crédible pour atteindre les 50 000 solutions dans le champ du handicap à l’horizon 2030. Enfin, pas de développement de l’habitat intermédiaire pour nos aînés alors que celui-ci est essentiel à une vieillesse digne.Ne pas voter ce PLFSS, ce serait aussi priver les Françaises et les Français, en particulier les plus vulnérables, de nouveaux droits très concrets. En effet, voter ce texte permettrait de faire de la prévention une priorité pour tous grâce à la prise en charge d’accompagnements spécifiques pour réduire les risques de maladies chroniques. Cela permettrait aussi de renforcer la politique vaccinale ; de mieux lutter contre les déserts médicaux par la mise en place du réseau France Santé ; de mieux allouer les moyens dans le champ du handicap par la réforme de la tarification des établissements pour enfants et jeunes adultes en situation de handicap ; d’améliorer le recouvrement des pensions alimentaires ; de créer un congé supplémentaire de naissance attendu par de nombreuses familles ; de sécuriser et de simplifier le cumul emploi-retraite ; de mieux protéger les femmes au moment de la retraite en corrigeant les inégalités liées à la maternité – une mesure attendue de longue date"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719736",
   "speaker": "Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "quality": "Mme Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975359",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3975359"
   ],
   "order": 582,
   "text": "…et le choix de la protection de notre modèle social. Par fidélité à l’héritage de la sécurité sociale, par respect pour nos concitoyens et par sens du devoir parlementaire, le groupe Ensemble pour la République votera comme la semaine dernière le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem. – Mme Justine Gruet applaudit aussi.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 582,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975359",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "Ndf23693d15e5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…et le choix de la protection de notre modèle social. Par fidélité à l’héritage de la sécurité sociale, par respect pour nos concitoyens et par sens du devoir parlementaire, le groupe [GROUPE] votera comme la semaine dernière le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.xml",
   "source_sha256": "5e089bf29b29c77d8a532d9c1680e0f4f7c45674e2be48022a2d4d9c581e99c2",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975463",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3975463"
   ],
   "order": 584,
   "text": "Je voudrais partager avec vous la recette et les ingrédients de ce PLFSS. (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe EPR.) Préchauffez des macronistes qui perdent les élections, saupoudrez de quelques socialistes en manque de reconnaissance et laissez le Medef choisir la cuisson. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 584,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975463",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N53c9e33e940e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais partager avec vous la recette et les ingrédients de ce PLFSS. (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Préchauffez des macronistes qui perdent les élections, saupoudrez de quelques socialistes en manque de reconnaissance et laissez le Medef choisir la cuisson. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
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   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975465",
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   "order": 586,
   "text": "Voilà ce qui se passe depuis plusieurs semaines dans l’hémicycle. Le bilan, c’est un texte qui coupe plus de 3 milliards d’euros à l’hôpital et aux Ehpad, alors même que partout dans le pays, dans chaque établissement, des salariés se battent pour la survie de leur service. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Je pense à l’hôpital de Lombez, où douze lits sont fermés et vingt postes menacés – les salariés font grève pour le défendre ; au groupe hospitalier Bretagne Sud, où les salariés font des journées de six à treize heures sans pause, avec trois week-ends de travail d’affilée ; à l’hôpital de Rennes, où les assistantes sociales hospitalières sont précarisées et interdites de congé l’été ; et enfin à l’hôpital de Tulle, qui est peut-être l’exemple ultime de la clochardisation hospitalière, puisque l’établissement connaît une pénurie – accrochez-vous – d’essuie-mains, de conteneurs à aiguilles et même de papier toilette.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
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   "frames": "",
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   "analysis_text": "Voilà ce qui se passe depuis plusieurs semaines dans l’hémicycle. Le bilan, c’est un texte qui coupe plus de 3 milliards d’euros à l’hôpital et aux Ehpad, alors même que partout dans le pays, dans chaque établissement, des salariés se battent pour la survie de leur service. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je pense à l’hôpital de Lombez, où douze lits sont fermés et vingt postes menacés – les salariés font grève pour le défendre ; au groupe hospitalier Bretagne Sud, où les salariés font des journées de six à treize heures sans pause, avec trois week-ends de travail d’affilée ; à l’hôpital de Rennes, où les assistantes sociales hospitalières sont précarisées et interdites de congé l’été ; et enfin à l’hôpital de Tulle, qui est peut-être l’exemple ultime de la clochardisation hospitalière, puisque l’établissement connaît une pénurie – accrochez-vous – d’essuie-mains, de conteneurs à aiguilles et même de papier toilette."
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  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
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   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975467",
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   "order": 588,
   "text": "Voilà où nous mène la Macronie : il n’y a plus de papier toilette dans les hôpitaux ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Certains nous disent que ça pourrait être pire. Oui, c’est vrai, nous pourrions tous être morts dans l’hiver nucléaire ; ce serait pire. Mais le moindre mal, c’est quand même le mal ! Fermer deux lits d’hôpitaux au lieu de trois, ce n’est pas un compromis ; c’est une capitulation de la part de celles et ceux qui ont été élus pour en ouvrir. (Mêmes mouvements.) La Macronie, le gouvernement et ses bagages accompagnés ont vidé la caisse, puis ils ont refusé toutes les propositions des Insoumises et des Insoumis : vous avez rejeté toute contribution des très hauts revenus ou des actionnaires et même lorsque nous vous avons proposé de faire cotiser celles et ceux qui gagnent plus de 20 smics par mois, vous n’avez pas voulu ! Qui faut-il être, franchement, pour protéger des gens qui gagnent 20 smics par mois ? (Mêmes mouvements.)Pour compenser, vous avez sollicité un ami, en l’espèce l’État, en ayant recours à la TVA. La ministre vient d’ailleurs de le dire : l’État utilise la TVA, impôt injuste sur la consommation, pour compenser les cadeaux faits aux grandes entreprises…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
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   "annotation_id": "N0207b2cd0a8a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà où nous mène la Macronie : il n’y a plus de papier toilette dans les hôpitaux ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Certains nous disent que ça pourrait être pire. Oui, c’est vrai, nous pourrions tous être morts dans l’hiver nucléaire ; ce serait pire. Mais le moindre mal, c’est quand même le mal ! Fermer deux lits d’hôpitaux au lieu de trois, ce n’est pas un compromis ; c’est une capitulation de la part de celles et ceux qui ont été élus pour en ouvrir. (Mêmes mouvements.) La Macronie, le gouvernement et ses bagages accompagnés ont vidé la caisse, puis ils ont refusé toutes les propositions des Insoumises et des Insoumis : vous avez rejeté toute contribution des très hauts revenus ou des actionnaires et même lorsque nous vous avons proposé de faire cotiser celles et ceux qui gagnent plus de 20 smics par mois, vous n’avez pas voulu ! Qui faut-il être, franchement, pour protéger des gens qui gagnent 20 smics par mois ? (Mêmes mouvements.)Pour compenser, vous avez sollicité un ami, en l’espèce l’État, en ayant recours à la TVA. La ministre vient d’ailleurs de le dire : l’État utilise la TVA, impôt injuste sur la consommation, pour compenser les cadeaux faits aux grandes entreprises…"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
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   "group_id": "PO845425",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975524",
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   "order": 647,
   "text": "Ce PLFSS ne répond pas aux défis majeurs, qui exigent bien plus qu’un ajustement annuel des comptes. Vous le savez, madame la ministre, nous appelons depuis longtemps à une programmation pluriannuelle des finances sociales : on ne réforme pas un pilier de la République à coups de textes annuels, sans vision, sans cap, sans trajectoire. Oui, une réforme en profondeur est nécessaire. Oui, elle devra être structurelle. Oui, elle devra être menée avec courage et responsabilité à l’horizon 2027.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 647,
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975524",
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   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Naec5f53e97d6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce PLFSS ne répond pas aux défis majeurs, qui exigent bien plus qu’un ajustement annuel des comptes. Vous le savez, madame la ministre, nous appelons depuis longtemps à une programmation pluriannuelle des finances sociales : on ne réforme pas un pilier de la République à coups de textes annuels, sans vision, sans cap, sans trajectoire. Oui, une réforme en profondeur est nécessaire. Oui, elle devra être structurelle. Oui, elle devra être menée avec courage et responsabilité à l’horizon 2027."
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  {
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975526",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 649,
   "text": "Cependant, dans la situation actuelle, soyons lucides : le budget idéal est un budget impossible. Mais le compromis n’est pas la compromission. Ce budget comporte encore des hausses d’impôts et de taxes qui, bien que largement réduites par notre mobilisation, n’en sont pas moins réelles. Il ne comporte aucune économie durable réduisant les déficits et assurant le financement pérenne de nos services publics.Quant au sujet des retraites, il est loin d’être réglé. Vous pourriez donc vous attendre à notre opposition, mais nous refusons de céder au populisme. (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Nous savons que l’absence de budget conduirait à priver de moyens supplémentaires nos hôpitaux, nos Ehpad et nos soignants ; ce n’est pas une option réaliste.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 649,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975526",
   "case": "vaccination",
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   "annotation_id": "N66f343111b20",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cependant, dans la situation actuelle, soyons lucides : le budget idéal est un budget impossible. Mais le compromis n’est pas la compromission. Ce budget comporte encore des hausses d’impôts et de taxes qui, bien que largement réduites par notre mobilisation, n’en sont pas moins réelles. Il ne comporte aucune économie durable réduisant les déficits et assurant le financement pérenne de nos services publics.Quant au sujet des retraites, il est loin d’être réglé. Vous pourriez donc vous attendre à notre opposition, mais nous refusons de céder au populisme. (« Ah ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous savons que l’absence de budget conduirait à priver de moyens supplémentaires nos hôpitaux, nos Ehpad et nos soignants ; ce n’est pas une option réaliste."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3975529",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 652,
   "text": "Rappelons-le : sans budget, l’Ondam est fixé à 0 % ; nous courons alors le risque, comme cette année, d’un blocage ou d’un décalage de la revalorisation des professionnels libéraux comme les kinésithérapeutes. Et tout compte fait, nous avons travaillé depuis des semaines pour mieux considérer nos soignants, qu’ils exercent en établissement ou en libéral, pour protéger celles et ceux qui travaillent et qui ont travaillé toute leur vie, et préserver le dynamisme économique de la France.C’est pourquoi notre groupe s’abstiendra majoritairement sur le vote de ce PLFSS.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
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   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 88,
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   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Rappelons-le : sans budget, l’Ondam est fixé à 0 % ; nous courons alors le risque, comme cette année, d’un blocage ou d’un décalage de la revalorisation des professionnels libéraux comme les kinésithérapeutes. Et tout compte fait, nous avons travaillé depuis des semaines pour mieux considérer nos soignants, qu’ils exercent en établissement ou en libéral, pour protéger celles et ceux qui travaillent et qui ont travaillé toute leur vie, et préserver le dynamisme économique de la France.C’est pourquoi notre groupe s’abstiendra majoritairement sur le vote de ce PLFSS."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721486",
   "speaker": "Christophe Naegelen",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Naegelen",
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   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094-3973344",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 724,
   "text": "Les lois de financement de la sécurité sociale ont été créées dans un esprit de responsabilité et au bénéfice de l’intérêt général : elles ont confié au Parlement la responsabilité d’adopter un budget qui est supérieur à celui de l’État. L’examen de ce texte constitue un enjeu national pour l’équilibre de nos comptes sociaux mais aussi pour les patients, les établissements et l’ensemble des acteurs du soin, qui ont besoin de lisibilité et de stabilité.Il s’agit aussi d’un enjeu national du point de vue de notre assemblée elle-même. Lorsqu’un texte budgétaire a été débattu, amendé et adopté ici même, en responsabilité et sans recours au 49.3, notre chambre ne doit ni se dérober ni se déjuger. Aujourd’hui, nous engageons la crédibilité de la représentation nationale, qui doit se montrer capable de produire du compromis et d’obtenir la confiance de nos concitoyens dans le travail parlementaire. C’est à cette aune que le groupe LIOT aborde cette lecture définitive.Le constat est simple : le texte qui nous est soumis est strictement identique à celui adopté la semaine dernière. Il n’y a ni surprise, ni retournement, ni nouvel arbitrage. Dans ces conditions, il serait illogique, et même incompréhensible, que notre assemblée ne confirme pas le choix qu’elle a exprimé il y a une semaine.Encore une fois, ce PLFSS n’est pas le texte idéal de tel ou tel groupe – et il ne prétend pas l’être. Il résulte du travail mené par les différentes formations politiques, à la recherche d’un point d’équilibre. À cet égard, la liberté et la place accordées au débat méritent d’être soulignées. Elles ont permis à l’Assemblée nationale de jouer pleinement son rôle de législateur et de démontrer qu’un compromis…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "amendments": [],
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   "direct": false,
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   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 280,
   "annotation_id": "N5b3df19053ac",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les lois de financement de la sécurité sociale ont été créées dans un esprit de responsabilité et au bénéfice de l’intérêt général : elles ont confié au Parlement la responsabilité d’adopter un budget qui est supérieur à celui de l’État. L’examen de ce texte constitue un enjeu national pour l’équilibre de nos comptes sociaux mais aussi pour les patients, les établissements et l’ensemble des acteurs du soin, qui ont besoin de lisibilité et de stabilité.Il s’agit aussi d’un enjeu national du point de vue de notre assemblée elle-même. Lorsqu’un texte budgétaire a été débattu, amendé et adopté ici même, en responsabilité et sans recours au 49.3, notre chambre ne doit ni se dérober ni se déjuger. Aujourd’hui, nous engageons la crédibilité de la représentation nationale, qui doit se montrer capable de produire du compromis et d’obtenir la confiance de nos concitoyens dans le travail parlementaire. C’est à cette aune que le groupe LIOT aborde cette lecture définitive.Le constat est simple : le texte qui nous est soumis est strictement identique à celui adopté la semaine dernière. Il n’y a ni surprise, ni retournement, ni nouvel arbitrage. Dans ces conditions, il serait illogique, et même incompréhensible, que notre assemblée ne confirme pas le choix qu’elle a exprimé il y a une semaine.Encore une fois, ce PLFSS n’est pas le texte idéal de tel ou tel groupe – et il ne prétend pas l’être. Il résulte du travail mené par les différentes formations politiques, à la recherche d’un point d’équilibre. À cet égard, la liberté et la place accordées au débat méritent d’être soulignées. Elles ont permis à l’Assemblée nationale de jouer pleinement son rôle de législateur et de démontrer qu’un compromis…"
  },
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   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
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   "speaker": "Christophe Naegelen",
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   ],
   "order": 729,
   "text": "…est possible lorsque la responsabilité prime sur la posture.Le groupe LIOT ne fait preuve d’aucune complaisance. Ce texte ne nous satisfait pas. Nous avons exprimé nos réserves sur plusieurs orientations et savons que ce texte n’apporte pas de réponse aux défis structurels que doit relever notre système de protection sociale. Il appartiendra à notre assemblée de poursuivre ce travail dans la durée, avec ambition et rigueur.Toutefois, nous le disons avec clarté : mieux vaut un PLFSS que pas de PLFSS du tout. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LIOT.) L’absence de budget serait synonyme d’instabilité accrue, de déficit non piloté et de manque de visibilité pour les acteurs de la santé, du secteur médico-social et de la protection sociale.Surtout, grâce au travail parlementaire, le texte qui nous est soumis aujourd’hui est bien meilleur que la copie initiale du gouvernement.Notre groupe y a pleinement pris sa part. Nous avons ainsi obtenu la suppression du gel des prestations sociales afin de préserver le pouvoir d’achat des retraités et des ménages modestes ; nous avons instauré une obligation de négociation sur le maintien en emploi des seniors dans les entreprises de 300 salariés et plus ; nous avons obtenu le maintien de l’exonération salariale sur les contrats d’apprentissage conclus à partir de 2026 ; nous avons sécurisé le maintien tel quel du dispositif prévu par la Lodeom et son extension à Mayotte a été adoptée à l’unanimité ; nous avons rétabli un dispositif incitant à revaloriser les minima de branche lorsqu’ils sont inférieurs au smic ; nous avons introduit, avec la possibilité de fractionner le congé de naissance, une souplesse bienvenue pour les familles ; enfin, nous avons obtenu la prolongation de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions, un dispositif utile aux plus fragiles.Nous discutons une nouvelle fois, pendant plus d’une heure, d’un texte qui est, à la virgule près, celui sur lequel nous avons déjà débattu la semaine dernière. Ce type d’exercice est assez curieux. C’est sans naïveté, mais avec constance, que nous abordons le vote. En écho à l’esprit qui régnait en 1996, lorsqu’ont été instaurées les lois de financement de la sécurité sociale, nous faisons le choix de la responsabilité parlementaire. Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe LIOT, dans sa grande majorité, votera pour ce texte, en responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur de nombreux bancs du groupe LIOT et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 729,
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   "direct": true,
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "emploi des seniors dans les entreprises de 300 salariés et plus ; nous avons obtenu le maintien de l’exonération salariale sur les contrats d’apprentissage conclus à partir de 2026 ; nous avons sécurisé le maintien tel quel du dispositif prévu par la Lodeom et son extension à Mayotte a été adoptée à l’unanimité ; nous avons rétabli un dispositif incitant à revaloriser les minima de branche lorsqu’ils sont inférieurs au smic ; nous avons introduit, avec la possibilité de fractionner le congé de naissance, une souplesse bienvenue pour les familles ; enfin, nous avons obtenu la prolongation de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions, un dispositif utile aux plus fragiles.Nous discutons une nouvelle fois, pendant plus d’une heure, d’un texte qui est, à la virgule près, celui sur lequel nous avons déjà débattu la semaine dernière. Ce type d’exercice est assez curieux. C’est sans naïveté, mais avec constance, que nous abordons le vote. En écho à l’esprit qui régnait en 1996, lorsqu’ont été instaurées les lois de financement de la sécurité sociale, nous faisons le choix de la responsabilité parlementaire. Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe LIOT, dans sa grande majorité, votera pour ce texte, en responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur de nombreux bancs"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094",
   "date": "2025-12-16",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30059",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 16 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N094.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
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   "group": "GDR",
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   "order": 736,
   "text": "Le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale nous revient tel que nous l’avons adopté le 9 décembre. Je ne m’attarderai pas sur son contenu, que nous connaissons bien. Je souhaiterais plutôt revenir sur ce que ce texte, malgré ses évolutions, ne règle pas – donc vous parler d’avenir.Je pense en premier lieu à la question du financement de la sécurité sociale. Il est illusoire et dangereux de continuer à aborder le déficit de la sécurité sociale par le seul prisme d’une réduction des dépenses de santé. Celles-ci tendent naturellement à augmenter en raison du vieillissement de la population mais aussi des progrès de la médecine.Nous ne devrions pas être choqués lorsqu’une société investit dans les dépenses de santé car, en réalité, c’est le signe qu’elle prend soin de sa population. C’est précisément la grandeur et la modernité de la sécurité sociale que d’avoir posé le principe d’un accès aux soins de qualité pour tous en lien direct avec la production de richesse. Si nous admettons et défendons ce principe, nous pourrons tracer un chemin vertueux grâce auquel nous pourrons doter la sécurité sociale des moyens dont elle a besoin tout en la ramenant sur une voie d’équilibre budgétaire.Cependant, cela suppose un choix politique courageux et ambitieux : rompre avec la politique appliquée depuis trente ans et qui est à l’origine de l’institution des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale, de l’instauration de l’objectif national des dépenses d’assurance maladie ainsi que de la création de la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale.Car cette politique a radicalement modifié à la fois les missions et la gestion de la sécurité sociale, avec les conséquences désastreuses que nous connaissons : des hôpitaux au bord du gouffre, six Français sur dix qui renoncent à se soigner, des personnels – soignants ou non – en souffrance et une financiarisation croissante de l’offre de soins.De fait, à force de définir des objectifs de dépenses contraints, puis de distribuer les moyens en fonction des besoins sanitaires et sociaux, ces derniers sont devenus des charges qu’il s’agit de rendre soutenables. Une telle gestion témoigne d’une absence de vision d’ensemble et dans la durée, mais aussi de perspective en matière de santé publique. On oublie la nature même – singulière – de la sécurité sociale.Très concrètement, rompre avec cette logique délétère supposerait que notre assemblée débatte enfin d’un projet de loi de santé publique qui recenserait les priorités nationales de prévention et d’accès aux soins. Une telle démarche permettrait de partir des besoins pour définir, en conséquence, les recettes nécessaires assises sur la cotisation sociale. Il faudrait aussi procéder à une remise à plat radicale des 80 milliards d’exonérations sociales et d’exemptions d’assiette accordées sans aucune condition, dont les résultats sur l’emploi et le pouvoir d’achat sont très contestables. Les seuls dispositifs d’exemption d’assiette ont un coût pour la sécurité sociale estimé à 14,6 milliards en 2024.Un débat de fond sur la dette sociale serait également nécessaire. Je rappelle que, chaque année, 15 à 16 milliards ne servent pas à financer le soin mais sont consacrés au remboursement d’une dette qui se finance sur les marchés à des taux d’usurier. Il convient également de mettre un terme à certains dysfonctionnements. Je pense notamment aux dépassements d’honoraires qui entrent en contradiction totale avec les principes de la sécurité sociale et qui, en 2024, représentaient 4,5 milliards, à la charge des patients.Avec mon collègue Jean-François Rousset (M. Karl Olive applaudit), nous avons remis un rapport dans lequel figurent dix grandes propositions structurantes qui n’ont que trop peu trouvé leur place dans ce PLFSS et n’attendent désormais qu’une bonne volonté politique pour se concrétiser.J’ajoute qu’il est plus que temps de progresser sur la voie d’un remboursement à 100 % des dépenses de santé par la sécurité sociale.Enfin, les propositions alternatives aux lois de financement existent et ont fait leur chemin sur les bancs de l’hémicycle. Notre assemblée avait ainsi voté une loi de programmation sur le grand âge qui n’a jamais vu le jour. La FHF a rédigé et transmis au gouvernement une loi-cadre de programmation pluriannuelle. J’ai moi-même observé, lors de ma mission sur les hôpitaux de proximité, les bienfaits d’une telle programmation : elle n’appelle pas forcément à dépenser plus mais à dépenser mieux en planifiant les dépenses en adéquation avec les besoins des patients et les possibilités des territoires.Vous le voyez, les solutions alternatives viables, ambitieuses socialement et responsables financièrement, existent. Elles sont devant nous et n’attendent que le courage politique pour être débattues et mises en œuvre. Nous sauverions ainsi la sécurité sociale en la renforçant.S’agissant du vote des députés du groupe GDR, aucun changement n’est prévu depuis la semaine dernière.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 736,
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   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale nous revient tel que nous l’avons adopté le 9 décembre. Je ne m’attarderai pas sur son contenu, que nous connaissons bien. Je souhaiterais plutôt revenir sur ce que ce texte, malgré ses évolutions, ne règle pas – donc vous parler d’avenir.Je pense en premier lieu à la question du financement de la sécurité sociale. Il est illusoire et dangereux de continuer à aborder le déficit de la sécurité sociale par le seul prisme d’une réduction des dépenses de santé. Celles-ci tendent naturellement à augmenter en raison du vieillissement de la population mais aussi des progrès de la médecine.Nous ne devrions pas être choqués lorsqu’une société investit dans les dépenses de santé car, en réalité, c’est le signe qu’elle prend soin de sa population. C’est précisément la grandeur et la modernité de la sécurité sociale que d’avoir posé le principe d’un accès aux soins de qualité pour tous en lien direct avec la production de richesse. Si nous admettons et défendons ce principe, nous pourrons tracer un chemin vertueux grâce auquel nous pourrons doter la sécurité sociale des moyens dont elle a besoin tout en la ramenant sur une voie d’équilibre budgétaire.Cependant, cela suppose un choix politique courageux et ambitieux : rompre avec la politique appliquée depuis trente ans et qui est à l’origine de l’institution des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale, de l’instauration de l’objectif national des dépenses d’assurance maladie ainsi que de la création de la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale.Car cette politique a radicalement modifié à la fois les missions et la gestion de la sécurité sociale, avec les conséquences désastreuses que nous connaissons : des hôpitaux au bord du gouffre, six Français sur dix qui renoncent à se soigner, des personnels – soignants ou non – en souffrance et une financiarisation croissante de l’offre de soins.De fait, à force de définir des objectifs de dépenses contraints, puis de distribuer les moyens en fonction des besoins sanitaires et sociaux, ces derniers sont devenus des charges qu’il s’agit de rendre soutenables. Une telle gestion témoigne d’une absence de vision d’ensemble et dans la durée, mais aussi de perspective en matière de santé publique. On oublie la nature même – singulière – de la sécurité sociale.Très concrètement, rompre avec cette logique délétère supposerait que notre assemblée débatte enfin d’un projet de loi de santé publique qui recenserait les priorités nationales de prévention et d’accès aux soins. Une telle démarche permettrait de partir des besoins pour définir, en conséquence, les recettes nécessaires assises sur la cotisation sociale. Il faudrait aussi procéder à une remise à plat radicale des 80 milliards d’exonérations sociales et d’exemptions d’assiette accordées sans aucune condition, dont les résultats sur l’emploi et le pouvoir d’achat sont très contestables. Les seuls dispositifs d’exemption d’assiette ont un coût pour la sécurité sociale estimé à 14,6 milliards en 2024.Un débat de fond sur la dette sociale serait également nécessaire. Je rappelle que, chaque année, 15 à 16 milliards ne servent pas à financer le soin mais sont consacrés au remboursement d’une dette qui se finance sur les marchés à des taux d’usurier. Il convient également de mettre un terme à certains dysfonctionnements. Je pense notamment aux dépassements d’honoraires qui entrent en contradiction totale avec les principes de la sécurité sociale et qui, en 2024, représentaient 4,5 milliards, à la charge des patients.Avec mon collègue [PERSONNE] (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit), nous avons remis un rapport dans lequel figurent dix grandes propositions structurantes qui n’ont que trop peu trouvé leur place dans ce PLFSS et n’attendent désormais qu’une bonne volonté politique pour se concrétiser.J’ajoute qu’il est plus que temps de progresser sur la voie d’un remboursement à 100 % des dépenses de santé par la sécurité sociale.Enfin, les propositions alternatives aux lois de financement existent et ont fait leur chemin sur les bancs de l’hémicycle. Notre assemblée avait ainsi voté une loi de programmation sur le grand âge qui n’a jamais vu le jour. La FHF a rédigé et transmis au gouvernement une loi-cadre de programmation pluriannuelle. J’ai moi-même observé, lors de ma mission sur les hôpitaux de proximité, les bienfaits d’une telle programmation : elle n’appelle pas forcément à dépenser plus mais à dépenser mieux en planifiant les dépenses en adéquation avec les besoins des patients et les possibilités des territoires.Vous le voyez, les solutions alternatives viables, ambitieuses socialement et responsables financièrement, existent. Elles sont devant nous et n’attendent que le courage politique pour être débattues et mises en œuvre. Nous sauverions ainsi la sécurité sociale en la renforçant.S’agissant du vote des députés du groupe [GROUPE], aucun changement n’est prévu depuis la semaine dernière."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092",
   "date": "2025-02-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28966",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 05 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "role": "depute",
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   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3619985",
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   "order": 1104,
   "text": "Le PLFSS met aussi en œuvre les engagements pris en matière de soins palliatifs, en abondant le budget de 100 millions d’euros supplémentaires chaque année pendant dix ans – c’est la première pierre d’une promesse faite par le précédent gouvernement. Vu le retard pris en la matière par la France, le renforcement des services de soins palliatifs, sur la totalité du territoire, devient urgent ; je rappelle que 20 % des départements ne sont pas dotés d’unités de soins palliatifs et que 50 % des patients qui y ont droit n’y ont pas accès.",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure / Discussion et vote",
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   "analysis_text": "Le PLFSS met aussi en œuvre les engagements pris en matière de soins palliatifs, en abondant le budget de 100 millions d’euros supplémentaires chaque année pendant dix ans – c’est la première pierre d’une promesse faite par le précédent gouvernement. Vu le retard pris en la matière par la France, le renforcement des services de soins palliatifs, sur la totalité du territoire, devient urgent ; je rappelle que 20 % des départements ne sont pas dotés d’unités de soins palliatifs et que 50 % des patients qui y ont droit n’y ont pas accès."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092",
   "date": "2025-02-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28966",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 05 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.html",
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   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3619987",
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   "order": 1106,
   "text": "Plusieurs mesures visent par ailleurs à renforcer l’attractivité des métiers de la santé et à améliorer les conditions de travail des professions médicales. Je pense notamment au financement de la nouvelle convention médicale, qui a permis la revalorisation du tarif de la consultation à 30 euros chez le médecin traitant et à près de 50 euros chez certains spécialistes. Le financement de la branche autonomie permet d’accélérer le déploiement de solutions d’accompagnement, mais aussi de moderniser les Ehpad ou encore de recruter davantage de professionnels. En matière de santé mentale, le PLFSS prévoit de renforcer le dispositif Mon soutien psy en revalorisant le tarif des séances, en prenant en charge davantage de consultations par an et en permettant un accès direct aux psychologues. Les débats à l’Assemblée nationale ont également permis de compléter le projet de budget, par exemple en autorisant les infirmiers à établir les certificats de décès, en augmentant la fiscalité sur les sodas afin de lutter contre l’obésité et les maladies chroniques, et en renforçant la lutte contre les actes médicaux non pertinents. J’évoque ces sujets car sans PLFSS pour 2025, ce sont autant de mesures qui n’existeraient pas, autant de moyens financiers nouveaux qui n’amélioreraient pas le quotidien des hospitaliers comme de l’ensemble des professionnels de santé. Tous ceux qui dépendent du budget de la sécurité sociale ont besoin d’un meilleur accompagnement, alors pourquoi le leur refuser, mesdames et messieurs les censeurs ? De mon côté, je me félicite de l’abandon par le gouvernement de plusieurs irritants. Je pense notamment à la hausse du ticket modérateur, qui allait à l’encontre de la philosophie même de notre système de sécurité sociale, mais aussi à l’instauration d’une deuxième journée de solidarité, introduite dans le texte par le Sénat, ou encore à la réduction, initialement trop massive, des exonérations de cotisations sociales, au moment où la situation se tend sur le marché de l’emploi. Toutes ces dispositions sont le résultat d’un dialogue entre le gouvernement et les partis politiques qui ont bien voulu y participer et prendre leurs responsabilités dans ce contexte politique inédit, en privilégiant l’intérêt général plutôt que les intérêts partisans. Eh oui ! Parce que ce texte est le fruit d’un compromis et parce que le temps a certainement manqué pour des discussions de fond plus poussées, il ne satisfait personne. Mais nécessité fait loi ! Vous l’aurez compris, le groupe Horizons ne votera pas cette motion de censure, non parce que nous applaudirions à deux mains ce PLFSS pour 2025 – il est, je le répète, sans relief, sans lignes de force, exempt des réformes de structure pourtant indispensables à notre pays comme à notre système de santé –, mais parce que, dans un esprit de responsabilité, nous souhaitons un budget pour la sécurité sociale, pour les Françaises et pour les Français. Pour autant, il est nécessaire, dès maintenant, de tirer les leçons de cet exercice budgétaire. La préservation de notre modèle social appelle des réformes structurelles majeures et une modernisation de nos outils de pilotage. Ces réflexions doivent être engagées rapidement pour aboutir à des propositions concrètes et ce, dès l’examen du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026. De la même manière, la maîtrise de notre déficit doit être une priorité ; elle ne doit en aucun cas être sacrifiée sur l’autel d’accords politiques. Oui à des compromis, mais pas au prix d’une détérioration sans fin de notre déficit. En 2024, le déficit de la sécurité sociale s’élevait à 18 milliards d’euros. L’ambition initiale pour 2025 était de le réduire de 2 milliards, pour atteindre 16 milliards. Le texte aboutira finalement à un déficit annoncé de 23 à 25 milliards d’euros, niveau jamais atteint depuis quinze ans, à l’exception bien sûr de 2020, année du pic de la pandémie de covid. Nous ne pouvons collectivement nous en réjouir et le groupe Horizons, bien qu’attaché à la nécessité de trouver des compromis, sera, sur ce sujet, extrêmement vigilant à l’avenir. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR et Dem, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR.)",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "euros chez certains spécialistes. Le financement de la branche autonomie permet d’accélérer le déploiement de solutions d’accompagnement, mais aussi de moderniser les Ehpad ou encore de recruter davantage de professionnels. En matière de santé mentale, le PLFSS prévoit de renforcer le dispositif Mon soutien psy en revalorisant le tarif des séances, en prenant en charge davantage de consultations par an et en permettant un accès direct aux psychologues. Les débats à l’Assemblée nationale ont également permis de compléter le projet de budget, par exemple en autorisant les infirmiers à établir les certificats de décès, en augmentant la fiscalité sur les sodas afin de lutter contre l’obésité et les maladies chroniques, et en renforçant la lutte contre les actes médicaux non pertinents. J’évoque ces sujets car sans PLFSS pour 2025, ce sont autant de mesures qui n’existeraient pas, autant de moyens financiers nouveaux qui n’amélioreraient pas le quotidien des hospitaliers comme de l’ensemble des professionnels de santé. Tous ceux qui dépendent du budget de la sécurité sociale ont besoin d’un meilleur accompagnement, alors pourquoi le leur refuser, mesdames et messieurs les censeurs ? De mon côté, je me félicite de l’abandon par le gouvernement de plusieurs irritants. Je pense notamment à la"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092",
   "date": "2025-02-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28966",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 05 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
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   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3619998",
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   "order": 1117,
   "text": "Nous voici replongés dans le cycle infernal des discussions budgétaires, auquel nous sommes malheureusement habitués depuis 2022 : celui d’une succession de 49.3 et de motions de censure. C’est une habitude qui n’a pourtant rien de banal, car ces débats ne sont pas anodins, d’autant moins qu’ils ont lieu dans un contexte politique difficile alors que nos comptes sociaux se trouvent dans une situation préoccupante. Nous l’observons dans nos territoires, marqués par l’inflation et par la pauvreté : la santé fait partie des premières préoccupations des Français. Monsieur le premier ministre, vous avez fait le choix d’actionner un premier 49.3 sur la première partie du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale. Nous le savons, d’autres suivront, sur les parties suivantes ; ce n’est évidemment pas une bonne nouvelle. Cela signifie qu’en dépit de la motion de censure adoptée en décembre dernier – une première –, la recherche de compromis n’a pas été complètement fructueuse. Ce budget est bien éloigné des attentes de nos concitoyens. Il ne répond pas aux enjeux budgétaires ; il ne permet ni de résoudre les déficits ni de proposer la moindre trajectoire de retour à l’équilibre. Il vise à augmenter timidement les recettes et à réduire drastiquement certaines dépenses en les mettant globalement à la charge des malades. Ce constat, bien que préoccupant, n’entraîne ni fatalisme ni résignation. Il doit au contraire nous pousser à une réflexion lucide sur nos réussites et sur nos erreurs, afin de nous inciter à mieux faire. Il nous alerte surtout sur les défis sociaux et financiers que nous devons relever. Le vieillissement de la population est une réalité démographique ; la baisse de la natalité en est une autre. Les dépenses de santé et de retraite augmentent, alors que les recettes tirées de la croissance, censées les accompagner, sont en berne. Ne nous y trompons pas : le déséquilibre des comptes de la sécurité sociale n’est pas conjoncturel. Les crises ont certes pesé, mais l’absence de réformes structurelles demeure la principale menace planant sur notre système. Les prévisions économiques actées dans ce PLFSS sont plus qu’inquiétantes et la trajectoire jusqu’en 2028 confirme une dégradation durable des comptes. Face à ce constat, le présent budget tente de limiter les dégâts mais ce faisant, il ne prépare pas de politique ambitieuse pour consolider notre modèle de protection sociale. L’urgence consécutive à la dissolution et la situation catastrophique des comptes ont conduit à un PLFSS très court, dépourvu de toute vision à long terme. Les 49.3 qui ne manqueront pas d’intervenir dans la foulée nous empêcheront de débattre et de faire valoir nos propositions. Le groupe LIOT avait plaidé pour trouver de nouvelles ressources, en taxant le capital notamment, afin d’éviter que la seule réponse envisagée pour empêcher la dégradation des comptes sociaux soit de couper dans les dépenses. En matière de prévention, le PLFSS ne proposait à l’origine pas grand-chose. Le texte remanié par l’Assemblée et par le Sénat prévoit désormais quelques mesures comme la taxation des boissons sucrées et des jeux de hasard ; c’est un premier pas. En revanche, il reste particulièrement insuffisant sur la question de la petite enfance, alors que différents scandales concernant les crèches privées ont révélé des dérives inacceptables. Il nous faudra rapidement enclencher une vraie réforme du financement des crèches pour arriver à terme à un dispositif de versement forfaitaire et non plus horaire, car cette dernière solution oblige les gestionnaires de crèches à optimiser en permanence le niveau d’occupation. Quant à la grande cause nationale qu’est la santé mentale, elle passe tout simplement à la trappe. S’agissant de l’accès aux soins, qui est la grande préoccupation de nos concitoyens, le texte est bien pauvre. Il n’y a rien sur la formation des professionnels de santé, rien sur les fermetures de services d’urgences, rien sur l’installation des médecins dans les déserts médicaux, rien sur la souveraineté de la France en matière de médicaments, rien sur la souffrance des personnels des secteurs de la santé et du médico-social, et rien non plus pour les patients qui n’ont plus de médecin traitant, que ce soit en zone urbaine ou, pire encore, en zone rurale alors que 6 millions de nos concitoyens sont concernés par cette triste réalité. Certes, la censure et les discussions qui ont suivi avec le nouveau gouvernement ont permis certaines améliorations. Dont acte. Je regrette toutefois un point de méthode qui gêne la lisibilité de nos débats : la plupart des modifications effectuées par rapport au texte initial découlent d’annonces du gouvernement et feront l’objet d’amendements intégrés arbitrairement au texte. Jamais l’Assemblée nationale n’aura eu à se prononcer sur ces dispositions. Je regrette aussi que les ministres, pourtant entendus par la commission des affaires sociales en nouvelle lecture, n’aient pas expliqué de manière plus détaillée ces modifications, ni exposé la position précise du gouvernement sur certaines mesures essentielles. Nous saluons toutefois certaines de ces avancées, d’autant que le groupe LIOT en a soutenu plusieurs, en premier lieu l’abandon de la sous-indexation des retraites. Nous prenons également acte de l’annonce du gouvernement, qui a indiqué vouloir réunir les partenaires sociaux au sujet des retraites. Nous aurions toutefois souhaité que la réforme soit suspendue avant la tenue de cette conférence de financement. Il s’agit d’un premier signal positif, même si nous aurions préféré que le gouvernement s’engage, au sein du PLFSS, à présenter un projet de loi sur le sujet. Nous prendrons toute notre part, en concertation avec les partenaires sociaux, pour trouver les ressources suffisantes et pour traiter les sujets qui n’ont pas été abordés par la réforme de 2023, comme la pénibilité, les inégalités entre les hommes et les femmes ou l’emploi des seniors. De même, nous étions fermement opposés au forfait de sept heures travaillées durant l’année, sans rémunération, pour financer notamment l’autonomie des personnes âgées. Le gouvernement a beaucoup tergiversé. Confirmez-vous son abandon ? Le gouvernement a par ailleurs annoncé vouloir relever la hausse de l’Ondam, qui progresserait de 3,3 % au lieu de 2,8 % par rapport à 2024 : nous considérons évidemment que c’est une bonne nouvelle. Dans le texte initial, la hausse de l’Ondam pour les établissements de santé ne prenait pas en compte les effets de l’inflation et de la provision concernant les agents affiliés à la CNRACL – Caisse nationale de retraite des agents des collectivités locales. La FHF – Fédération hospitalière de France – nous avait alertés sur la non-compensation de l’inflation, qui se chiffre actuellement à 1,3 milliard d’euros, soit l’équivalent de plus de 20 000 ETP – équivalent temps plein – infirmiers. En ce qui concerne l’accès aux soins, nous souhaitions que le gouvernement renonce à réduire la part remboursée par la sécurité sociale sur les consultations médicales et sur les médicaments ; c’est chose faite. Mais nous rappelons que les complémentaires santé ont déjà répercuté cette hausse sur leurs tarifs, au détriment des usagers : elles les ont augmentés de 6 % alors qu’une hausse d’environ 8 %, en moyenne, avait déjà été observée en 2024. S’agissant du soutien à l’autonomie, je me félicite que le gouvernement souhaite relever le fonds d’urgence promis aux Ehpad à hauteur de 300 millions d’euros – en novembre dernier, il avait annoncé une enveloppe de 100 millions d’euros. C’est une bonne nouvelle car l’inquiétude est immense à l’égard des Ehpad, dont les deux tiers sont en déficit, même s’ils ont surtout besoin d’une vision pluriannuelle et de financements structurels. Après seulement 3 000 ETP en 2023 puis 6 000 ETP en 2024, 6 500 ETP sont désormais prévus par le texte pour 2025. C’est mieux, certes, mais nous continuons de nous interroger : comment l’objectif annoncé, à savoir 50 000 recrutements dans les Ehpad d’ici à 2030, pourrait-il être tenu ? De même, nous regrettons l’absence de financement ad hoc pour la branche autonomie, plus de quatre ans après sa création. Le transfert d’une fraction de CSG en 2024 est insuffisant pour répondre au défi à venir. Nous appelons à la création d’une contribution spécifique, qui pourrait prendre la forme d’une augmentation de la CSG sur les revenus du capital ou d’une contribution sur les donations et sur les successions. Pour toutes ces raisons, et parce qu’ont été concédées des avancées permettant de revenir sur des dispositions qui auraient fragilisé directement nos concitoyens les plus vulnérables, le groupe LIOT ne votera pas la censure. Nous avons conscience que ce budget est loin d’être parfait, et un grand nombre de ses dispositions ne nous conviennent pas. Nous attendons encore certaines décisions du gouvernement sur les parties relatives aux recettes et aux dépenses. Mais nous considérons que beaucoup de temps a été perdu pour nos hôpitaux, pour nos Ehpad, pour nos collectivités. Nous devons avancer. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LIOT et Dem. – M. Elie Califer applaudit aussi.)",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "des comptes ont conduit à un PLFSS très court, dépourvu de toute vision à long terme. Les 49.3 qui ne manqueront pas d’intervenir dans la foulée nous empêcheront de débattre et de faire valoir nos propositions. Le groupe LIOT avait plaidé pour trouver de nouvelles ressources, en taxant le capital notamment, afin d’éviter que la seule réponse envisagée pour empêcher la dégradation des comptes sociaux soit de couper dans les dépenses. En matière de prévention, le PLFSS ne proposait à l’origine pas grand-chose. Le texte remanié par l’Assemblée et par le Sénat prévoit désormais quelques mesures comme la taxation des boissons sucrées et des jeux de hasard ; c’est un premier pas. En revanche, il reste particulièrement insuffisant sur la question de la petite enfance, alors que différents scandales concernant les crèches privées ont révélé des dérives inacceptables. Il nous faudra rapidement enclencher une vraie réforme du financement des crèches pour arriver à terme à un dispositif de versement forfaitaire et non plus horaire, car cette dernière solution oblige les gestionnaires de crèches à optimiser en permanence le niveau d’occupation. Quant à la grande cause nationale qu’est la santé mentale, elle passe tout simplement à la trappe. S’agissant de l’accès aux"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092",
   "date": "2025-02-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28966",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 05 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795998",
   "speaker": "Émeline K/Bidi",
   "quality": "Mme Émeline K/Bidi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3620740",
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   "order": 1136,
   "text": "Le 4 décembre dernier, il y a deux mois presque jour pour jour, c’est en voulant faire passer en force, à coup de 49.3, le budget de la sécurité sociale issu de la CMP que le gouvernement de Michel Barnier est tombé. Ce budget ne convenait à personne, et son rejet était inéluctable. De quels maux ne nous a-t-on pas accusés alors ! De procès en irresponsabilité en fake news , on a essayé de faire croire aux Français que le vote de la censure serait synonyme de catastrophe budgétaire et sociale. Or nous voilà en février 2025, les cartes Vitale n’ont jamais cessé de fonctionner et notre système de soins ne s’est pas effondré. Au contraire, grâce à notre vote de la censure, les pensions de retraite ont toutes pu bénéficier, le 1 er janvier 2025, de l’indexation sur l’inflation, et le projet de les désindexer n’est plus d’actualité. Grâce à notre vote de la censure, le gouvernement est tombé, et le projet de dérembourser les consultations a été abandonné. Non, la censure d’un gouvernement n’est pas toujours un vote irresponsable ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR.) C’était une décision politique, consistant à sanctionner un gouvernement illégitime, issu d’un parti minoritaire, que les Français n’avaient pas choisi et dont la mission n’était autre que de poursuivre la politique libérale d’un président désavoué, affaibli et obstiné. Sur ce point – veuillez m’excuser de le relever, monsieur le premier ministre –, votre gouvernement n’est pas si différent du précédent : ils ont en commun le caractère minoritaire et la défaite aux dernières élections législatives. Le parti Les Républicains, dont est issu Michel Barnier, est représenté par un groupe de quarante-sept députés. Le groupe Les Démocrates, qui procède de votre parti, en compte trente-six.",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure / Discussion et vote",
   "article": "",
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   "r": "D",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le 4 décembre dernier, il y a deux mois presque jour pour jour, c’est en voulant faire passer en force, à coup de 49.3, le budget de la sécurité sociale issu de la CMP que le gouvernement de [PERSONNE] est tombé. Ce budget ne convenait à personne, et son rejet était inéluctable. De quels maux ne nous a-t-on pas accusés alors ! De procès en irresponsabilité en fake news , on a essayé de faire croire aux Français que le vote de la censure serait synonyme de catastrophe budgétaire et sociale. Or nous voilà en février 2025, les cartes Vitale n’ont jamais cessé de fonctionner et notre système de soins ne s’est pas effondré. Au contraire, grâce à notre vote de la censure, les pensions de retraite ont toutes pu bénéficier, le 1 er janvier 2025, de l’indexation sur l’inflation, et le projet de les désindexer n’est plus d’actualité. Grâce à notre vote de la censure, le gouvernement est tombé, et le projet de dérembourser les consultations a été abandonné. Non, la censure d’un gouvernement n’est pas toujours un vote irresponsable ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) C’était une décision politique, consistant à sanctionner un gouvernement illégitime, issu d’un parti minoritaire, que les Français n’avaient pas choisi et dont la mission n’était autre que de poursuivre la politique libérale d’un président désavoué, affaibli et obstiné. Sur ce point – veuillez m’excuser de le relever, monsieur le premier ministre –, votre gouvernement n’est pas si différent du précédent : ils ont en commun le caractère minoritaire et la défaite aux dernières élections législatives. Le parti [GROUPE], dont est issu [PERSONNE], est représenté par un groupe de quarante-sept députés. Le groupe [GROUPE], qui procède de votre parti, en compte trente-six."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092",
   "date": "2025-02-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28966",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 05 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
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   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3620833",
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   "order": 1227,
   "text": "Nous nous sommes opposés à ce PLFSS 2025 car il s’inscrit dans une mauvaise trajectoire sans répondre aux enjeux cruciaux en matière de santé, de travail et de solidarité. Il demeure injuste socialement et contraignant économiquement.",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure / Discussion et vote",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 1227,
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   "case": "soda",
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   "r": "X",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous sommes opposés à ce PLFSS 2025 car il s’inscrit dans une mauvaise trajectoire sans répondre aux enjeux cruciaux en matière de santé, de travail et de solidarité. Il demeure injuste socialement et contraignant économiquement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092",
   "date": "2025-02-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28966",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 05 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3620835",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 1229,
   "text": "Avec la baisse d’exonérations de charges ou les restrictions sur l’apprentissage, vous faites fausse route sur les trappes à bas salaires. L’apprentissage est reconnu pour être bénéfique aux apprentis comme aux entreprises. Vous maintenez la surtaxe sur les boissons sucrées qui pénalise les entreprises, nuit à la compétitivité et sera répercutée sur les prix, donc sur le pouvoir d’achat des Français. Écoutez et faites confiance aux acteurs de terrain, par esprit de subsidiarité ; prenez en compte les demandes des oppositions, par esprit de composition. N’oubliez pas que les Français sont les premières victimes de vos choix politiques qui nous mènent collectivement à l’échec depuis des décennies. Vous persistez dans l’erreur, vous réitérez les mêmes erreurs. Comme tous les gouvernements d’Emmanuel Macron depuis huit longues années, vous refusez de changer de trajectoire ; comme Emmanuel Macron, vous refusez de vous remettre en cause. « Dieu se rit des hommes qui déplorent les conséquences dont ils chérissent les causes », disait Bossuet. Malgré toutes nos alertes, vous avez proposé au Parlement français un PLFSS au rabais. Bien que nous, au Rassemblement national, contestions votre trajectoire budgétaire pour la sécurité sociale, nous avons pu obtenir des avancées concrètes, s’agissant de nos lignes rouges, pour les Français. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.) C’est cela – et rien d’autre – qui justifiera la position de notre groupe. Ainsi, naturellement, nous ne voterons pas, cette fois-ci, la motion de censure de l’extrême gauche qui fait perdre du temps à la France et aux Français.",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure / Discussion et vote",
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Avec la baisse d’exonérations de charges ou les restrictions sur l’apprentissage, vous faites fausse route sur les trappes à bas salaires. L’apprentissage est reconnu pour être bénéfique aux apprentis comme aux entreprises. Vous maintenez la surtaxe sur les boissons sucrées qui pénalise les entreprises, nuit à la compétitivité et sera répercutée sur les prix, donc sur le pouvoir d’achat des Français. Écoutez et faites confiance aux acteurs de terrain, par esprit de subsidiarité ; prenez en compte les demandes des oppositions, par esprit de composition. N’oubliez pas que les Français sont les premières victimes de vos choix politiques qui nous mènent collectivement à l’échec depuis des décennies. Vous persistez dans l’erreur, vous réitérez les mêmes erreurs. Comme tous les gouvernements d’[PERSONNE] depuis huit longues années, vous refusez de changer de trajectoire ; comme [PERSONNE], vous refusez de vous remettre en cause. « Dieu se rit des hommes qui déplorent les conséquences dont ils chérissent les causes », disait Bossuet. Malgré toutes nos alertes, vous avez proposé au Parlement français un PLFSS au rabais. Bien que nous, au [GROUPE], contestions votre trajectoire budgétaire pour la sécurité sociale, nous avons pu obtenir des avancées concrètes, s’agissant de nos lignes rouges, pour les Français. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) C’est cela – et rien d’autre – qui justifiera la position de notre groupe. Ainsi, naturellement, nous ne voterons pas, cette fois-ci, la motion de censure de l’extrême gauche qui fait perdre du temps à la France et aux Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092",
   "date": "2025-02-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28966",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 05 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092.xml",
   "source_sha256": "911b4fa60966c15d203d4cb14e9ac7f23df08d6d084b57e86461d284fc1bcdd4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3620991",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3620991"
   ],
   "order": 1236,
   "text": "Ce dont notre pays a tant besoin, c’est une véritable rupture avec les politiques menées par les gouvernements successifs. La France le mérite. Les Français attendent cette rupture. Dès lors, vivement le changement, vivement l’alternance (« Ah ! Voilà ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem) , vivement un gouvernement à la hauteur de ce que les Français sont en droit d’espérer. Je le dis à mes compatriotes : chers Français, encore un peu de patience, tenez bon, on arrive ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN, M. Emmanuel Taché de la Pagerie s’étant levé, ainsi que sur les bancs du groupe UDR.)",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure / Discussion et vote",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1236,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N092-3620991",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N46ee5346ee04",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ce dont notre pays a tant besoin, c’est une véritable rupture avec les politiques menées par les gouvernements successifs. La France le mérite. Les Français attendent cette rupture. Dès lors, vivement le changement, vivement l’alternance (« Ah ! Voilà ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem) , vivement un gouvernement à la hauteur de ce que les Français sont en droit d’espérer. Je le dis à mes compatriotes : chers Français, encore un peu de patience, tenez bon, on arrive ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], M. [PERSONNE] de la Pagerie s’étant levé, ainsi que sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé et de l’accès aux soins",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3549930",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3549930"
   ],
   "order": 30,
   "text": "Nous voilà encore aux prises avec le nutri-score. Les difficultés entourant ce dispositif viennent de sa présentation comme un marqueur de bonne bouffe : « Achetez ça, vous mangerez bien ! »Or nous sommes en train de démontrer qu’en définitive, ce n’est pas ça.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 30,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3549930",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "Nad07e4beba64",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voilà encore aux prises avec le nutri-score. Les difficultés entourant ce dispositif viennent de sa présentation comme un marqueur de bonne bouffe : « Achetez ça, vous mangerez bien ! »Or nous sommes en train de démontrer qu’en définitive, ce n’est pas ça."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3549933",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3549933"
   ],
   "order": 33,
   "text": "Si un tel score renseigne sur la teneur en graisse ou en sucre des produits, il ne le caractérise pas complètement. En souhaitant taxer les publicités, vous êtes conduits à exclure nombre de produits du dispositif, ce que je comprends très bien, ne serait-ce que pour nos artisans – bien que leurs produits puissent être particulièrement riches, en sucre ou en gras. Nous sommes ainsi confrontés à une équation assez compliquée.Je suis défavorable à ces amendements. Disposition européenne, le nutri-score n’est pas censé devenir obligatoire : même si 1 400 entreprises – que je remercie d’ailleurs – se sont emparées de ce dispositif, il nous faut encore convaincre les autres de le faire, et surtout de ne pas avoir peur du nouvel algorithme.Une fois que nous aurons intégré ce corpus européen, il sera bien temps de caractériser les produits. Tel est, je crois, le point important, faute duquel les choses restent un peu indifférenciées : les sous-amendements excluent certains produits – AOC, AOP, etc. – mais dès lors que vous commencez à faire des exceptions, vous vous rendez compte qu’un autre produit pourrait aussi être excepté, auquel vous n’avez pas pensé.Du point de vue technique, taxer les produits n’affichant pas ce score me paraît très complexe. Avec l’Autorité de régulation de la communication audiovisuelle et numérique (Arcom), nous travaillons, en revanche, afin de limiter la diffusion de spots publicitaires pour des produits ciblant les jeunes avant les émissions familiales ou à destination de la jeunesse. De telles mesures de prévention me semblent essentielles, tout comme la promotion de l’équilibre alimentaire et d’une alimentation saine, toutes choses que ne permet pas la taxation proposée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 33,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3549933",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 273,
   "annotation_id": "N8f6a03549e45",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si un tel score renseigne sur la teneur en graisse ou en sucre des produits, il ne le caractérise pas complètement. En souhaitant taxer les publicités, vous êtes conduits à exclure nombre de produits du dispositif, ce que je comprends très bien, ne serait-ce que pour nos artisans – bien que leurs produits puissent être particulièrement riches, en sucre ou en gras. Nous sommes ainsi confrontés à une équation assez compliquée.Je suis défavorable à ces amendements. Disposition européenne, le nutri-score n’est pas censé devenir obligatoire : même si 1 400 entreprises – que je remercie d’ailleurs – se sont emparées de ce dispositif, il nous faut encore convaincre les autres de le faire, et surtout de ne pas avoir peur du nouvel algorithme.Une fois que nous aurons intégré ce corpus européen, il sera bien temps de caractériser les produits. Tel est, je crois, le point important, faute duquel les choses restent un peu indifférenciées : les sous-amendements excluent certains produits – AOC, AOP, etc. – mais dès lors que vous commencez à faire des exceptions, vous vous rendez compte qu’un autre produit pourrait aussi être excepté, auquel vous n’avez pas pensé.Du point de vue technique, taxer les produits n’affichant pas ce score me paraît très complexe. Avec l’Autorité de régulation de la communication audiovisuelle et numérique (Arcom), nous travaillons, en revanche, afin de limiter la diffusion de spots publicitaires pour des produits ciblant les jeunes avant les émissions familiales ou à destination de la jeunesse. De telles mesures de prévention me semblent essentielles, tout comme la promotion de l’équilibre alimentaire et d’une alimentation saine, toutes choses que ne permet pas la taxation proposée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3549938",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3549938"
   ],
   "order": 38,
   "text": "La taxe sur les publicités constitue justement le meilleur moyen de convaincre les entreprises qui ne le font pas encore d’afficher le nutri-score. Vous l’avez dit : certaines jouent le jeu, des très petites, petites et moyennes entreprises (TPE-PME) principalement ; inversement, de grands groupes, comme Ferrero, n’indiquent pas le nutri-score sur des aliments qui ne seraient pourtant pas classés A – loin de là !Le nutri-score n’est évidemment pas l’alpha et l’oméga : il faut aussi nous pencher sur la question des produits ultratransformés, expliquer comment fonctionne ce système d’étiquetage. Il existe bien d’autres enjeux, relevant de la question : comment consommer ?Je suis donc favorable à l’adoption des amendements proposés. J’entends toutefois les remarques des collègues souhaitant excepter les producteurs de certains produits du terroir, auxquels il ne s’agit pas d’infliger les mêmes sanctions qu’aux grands groupes qui inondent le marché de produits malsains, à grand renfort de communication et de marketing.J’appelle donc à voter en faveur des sous-amendements et des amendements visant à imposer une taxe quand le nutri-score n’est pas indiqué. (M. François Ruffin applaudit.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 38,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3549938",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 179,
   "annotation_id": "N867963640e8d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La taxe sur les publicités constitue justement le meilleur moyen de convaincre les entreprises qui ne le font pas encore d’afficher le nutri-score. Vous l’avez dit : certaines jouent le jeu, des très petites, petites et moyennes entreprises (TPE-PME) principalement ; inversement, de grands groupes, comme Ferrero, n’indiquent pas le nutri-score sur des aliments qui ne seraient pourtant pas classés A – loin de là !Le nutri-score n’est évidemment pas l’alpha et l’oméga : il faut aussi nous pencher sur la question des produits ultratransformés, expliquer comment fonctionne ce système d’étiquetage. Il existe bien d’autres enjeux, relevant de la question : comment consommer ?Je suis donc favorable à l’adoption des amendements proposés. J’entends toutefois les remarques des collègues souhaitant excepter les producteurs de certains produits du terroir, auxquels il ne s’agit pas d’infliger les mêmes sanctions qu’aux grands groupes qui inondent le marché de produits malsains, à grand renfort de communication et de marketing.J’appelle donc à voter en faveur des sous-amendements et des amendements visant à imposer une taxe quand le nutri-score n’est pas indiqué. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551355",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3551355"
   ],
   "order": 258,
   "text": "Monsieur Davi, ne me faites pas dire ce que je n’ai pas dit. Je n’ai jamais prétendu que le prix n’avait aucun effet sur la consommation. J’ai simplement expliqué qu’en matière d’alcool, il fallait surtout contrôler la vente aux mineurs si l’on veut éviter les alcoolisations aiguës qui mènent souvent aux urgences – et qui sont plutôt causées par la publicité.Pour tordre définitivement le cou aux rumeurs sur mes déclarations, je précise que je n’ai jamais dit que les phénomènes d’alcoolisation aiguë chez les jeunes étaient liés à la consommation de vin traditionnel. J’ai expliqué que, dans ce genre de situation, les jeunes consommaient plutôt de l’alcool fort ou en cubi mais certainement pas la bouteille de bordeaux qui accompagne un repas. Nous avons déjà eu cette discussion, mais je tiens à apporter une réponse claire car je vois que ce sujet vous intéresse particulièrement. Ne confondons pas, d’un côté, art culinaire accompagné d’un bon vin et, de l’autre, alcoolisation aiguë des jeunes liée à la vente non contrôlée de boissons aux mineurs.Par ailleurs, la commission a émis un avis favorable sur tous ces amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 258,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551355",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 185,
   "annotation_id": "N7166d76820f2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Davi, ne me faites pas dire ce que je n’ai pas dit. Je n’ai jamais prétendu que le prix n’avait aucun effet sur la consommation. J’ai simplement expliqué qu’en matière d’alcool, il fallait surtout contrôler la vente aux mineurs si l’on veut éviter les alcoolisations aiguës qui mènent souvent aux urgences – et qui sont plutôt causées par la publicité.Pour tordre définitivement le cou aux rumeurs sur mes déclarations, je précise que je n’ai jamais dit que les phénomènes d’alcoolisation aiguë chez les jeunes étaient liés à la consommation de vin traditionnel. J’ai expliqué que, dans ce genre de situation, les jeunes consommaient plutôt de l’alcool fort ou en cubi mais certainement pas la bouteille de bordeaux qui accompagne un repas. Nous avons déjà eu cette discussion, mais je tiens à apporter une réponse claire car je vois que ce sujet vous intéresse particulièrement. Ne confondons pas, d’un côté, art culinaire accompagné d’un bon vin et, de l’autre, alcoolisation aiguë des jeunes liée à la vente non contrôlée de boissons aux mineurs.Par ailleurs, la commission a émis un avis favorable sur tous ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551359",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3551359"
   ],
   "order": 262,
   "text": "J’estime comme vous que la consommation d’alcool, très aiguë ou répétée, constitue un enjeu de santé publique. Vous avez parlé des risques de cancer, mais on pourrait évidemment évoquer bien d’autres maladies ainsi que des troubles du comportement qui peuvent avoir des conséquences fâcheuses pour notre société. J’entends bien tous ces arguments.Vous souhaitez transposer la fiscalité construite pour les boissons à haut degré à tous les autres produits. Or cela ferait baisser le prix relatif des alcools les plus forts, ce qui ne serait pas cohérent.Une taxation sur les vins et sur tous les autres types d’alcool est déjà en vigueur. Nous vous proposons de nous en tenir à cette fiscalité.Je suis donc défavorable à ces amendements. Un travail de prévention, d’incitation – à boire de l’eau, bien sûr, et non par exemple des sodas – et d’éducation constitue un levier majeur pour lutter contre les problèmes liés à l’alcool.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 262,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551359",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 150,
   "annotation_id": "Nbf7a0c4c1e30",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’estime comme vous que la consommation d’alcool, très aiguë ou répétée, constitue un enjeu de santé publique. Vous avez parlé des risques de cancer, mais on pourrait évidemment évoquer bien d’autres maladies ainsi que des troubles du comportement qui peuvent avoir des conséquences fâcheuses pour notre société. J’entends bien tous ces arguments.Vous souhaitez transposer la fiscalité construite pour les boissons à haut degré à tous les autres produits. Or cela ferait baisser le prix relatif des alcools les plus forts, ce qui ne serait pas cohérent.Une taxation sur les vins et sur tous les autres types d’alcool est déjà en vigueur. Nous vous proposons de nous en tenir à cette fiscalité.Je suis donc défavorable à ces amendements. Un travail de prévention, d’incitation – à boire de l’eau, bien sûr, et non par exemple des sodas – et d’éducation constitue un levier majeur pour lutter contre les problèmes liés à l’alcool."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793904",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Lopez-Liguori",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Lopez-Liguori",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551365",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3551365"
   ],
   "order": 268,
   "text": "En vous écoutant depuis ce matin, je me dis que l’on a retrouvé les Rap-tout – Urssaf, Camcras et Carbalas. Comme dans la chanson, qui que vous soyez, où que vous soyez, la gauche veut vous taxer, vous faire payer, vous faire cracher. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.)Après le sucre ou la publicité ce matin, vous vous en prenez à présent aux vignerons et à nos producteurs de spiritueux. Vous voulez étendre la cotisation spéciale sur les boissons dont le taux d’alcool est supérieur à 18 % à toutes les boissons alcoolisées.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 268,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551365",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N8f205786c564",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "En vous écoutant depuis ce matin, je me dis que l’on a retrouvé les Rap-tout – Urssaf, Camcras et Carbalas. Comme dans la chanson, qui que vous soyez, où que vous soyez, la gauche veut vous taxer, vous faire payer, vous faire cracher. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Après le sucre ou la publicité ce matin, vous vous en prenez à présent aux vignerons et à nos producteurs de spiritueux. Vous voulez étendre la cotisation spéciale sur les boissons dont le taux d’alcool est supérieur à 18 % à toutes les boissons alcoolisées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793904",
   "speaker": "Aurélien Lopez-Liguori",
   "quality": "M. Aurélien Lopez-Liguori",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551368",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3551368"
   ],
   "order": 271,
   "text": "D’une part, une telle mesure détruirait la filière viticole. D’autre part, si certains des amendements étudiés, qui prévoient une augmentation de la fiscalité de 1 800 %, étaient adoptés, nous entrerions dans une politique de prohibition.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 271,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551368",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "Nb88655ce0a21",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "D’une part, une telle mesure détruirait la filière viticole. D’autre part, si certains des amendements étudiés, qui prévoient une augmentation de la fiscalité de 1 800 %, étaient adoptés, nous entrerions dans une politique de prohibition."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551382",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3551382"
   ],
   "order": 285,
   "text": "En commission, je me suis assez vivement exprimé contre l’adoption de ces amendements. Une taxe supplémentaire peut corriger une tendance. Mais cela fait déjà plusieurs années que la consommation de vin de table diminue fortement. Cette diminution ne touche pas seulement les grands crus mais aussi des crus moins connus, produits sur l’ensemble du territoire.Il faut être attentif aux messages que nous envoyons. La filière viticole connaît de grandes difficultés du fait de conditions météorologiques très adverses cette année et de conditions économiques liées à la baisse de consommation susdite, qui conduit les viticulteurs à revoir leurs modèles d’affaires.Ces amendements sont absolument malvenus. Nous nous y opposons fermement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 285,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551382",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "Nd005948eb190",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En commission, je me suis assez vivement exprimé contre l’adoption de ces amendements. Une taxe supplémentaire peut corriger une tendance. Mais cela fait déjà plusieurs années que la consommation de vin de table diminue fortement. Cette diminution ne touche pas seulement les grands crus mais aussi des crus moins connus, produits sur l’ensemble du territoire.Il faut être attentif aux messages que nous envoyons. La filière viticole connaît de grandes difficultés du fait de conditions météorologiques très adverses cette année et de conditions économiques liées à la baisse de consommation susdite, qui conduit les viticulteurs à revoir leurs modèles d’affaires.Ces amendements sont absolument malvenus. Nous nous y opposons fermement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794802",
   "speaker": "Charles Sitzenstuhl",
   "quality": "M. Charles Sitzenstuhl",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3551386"
   ],
   "order": 289,
   "text": "Merci, madame la présidente, de laisser vivre le débat s’agissant de cette importante question.Notre discussion est une suite de celle qui avait trait au sucre. La même idée la sous-tend. Je vous adresse une mise en garde commune s’agissant tant de l’alcool que du sucre. Les questions intéressantes et importantes, du point de vue de la santé publique, que nous abordons ici touchent des filières agricoles et industrielles essentielles pour le pays.Il n’a échappé à personne que celui-ci est confronté à une crise agricole qui dure depuis plus d’un an. L’agriculture française connaît une perte de confiance : nombre de paysans, agriculteurs ou viticulteurs, s’interrogent sur leur rôle au sein de la société. Or la levée de telles taxes sur l’alcool et le sucre risque de leur faire croire qu’ils n’ont plus leur place parmi nous.J’invite l’ensemble des collègues qui seraient tentés de voter de telles dispositions à penser aux milliers de viticulteurs qui font vivre nos régions et ont besoin de messages de confiance plutôt que de défiance. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 289,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551386",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 176,
   "annotation_id": "Nad4656ba1d91",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Merci, madame la présidente, de laisser vivre le débat s’agissant de cette importante question.Notre discussion est une suite de celle qui avait trait au sucre. La même idée la sous-tend. Je vous adresse une mise en garde commune s’agissant tant de l’alcool que du sucre. Les questions intéressantes et importantes, du point de vue de la santé publique, que nous abordons ici touchent des filières agricoles et industrielles essentielles pour le pays.Il n’a échappé à personne que celui-ci est confronté à une crise agricole qui dure depuis plus d’un an. L’agriculture française connaît une perte de confiance : nombre de paysans, agriculteurs ou viticulteurs, s’interrogent sur leur rôle au sein de la société. Or la levée de telles taxes sur l’alcool et le sucre risque de leur faire croire qu’ils n’ont plus leur place parmi nous.J’invite l’ensemble des collègues qui seraient tentés de voter de telles dispositions à penser aux milliers de viticulteurs qui font vivre nos régions et ont besoin de messages de confiance plutôt que de défiance. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551391",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3551391"
   ],
   "order": 294,
   "text": "Monsieur Neuder, la consommation d’alcool ne joue pas seulement un rôle dans le développement des cancers et des maladies cardiovasculaires. Elle entraîne aussi des accidents de la route, des violences conjugales, et j’en passe.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 294,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3551391",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N7bdf446bb74d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Neuder, la consommation d’alcool ne joue pas seulement un rôle dans le développement des cancers et des maladies cardiovasculaires. Elle entraîne aussi des accidents de la route, des violences conjugales, et j’en passe."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550405",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3550405"
   ],
   "order": 362,
   "text": "Étant cardiologue, vous devriez savoir que le lien entre consommation d’alcool et risques cardiovasculaires est largement démontré. Malgré la diminution globale de la consommation depuis les années 1960, la France reste un des pays les plus consommateurs d’alcool. Enfin, les études scientifiques sont unanimes : toute consommation comporte un risque.Notre amendement propose donc, et vous devriez tous et toutes en être d’accord, de taxer les publicités sur l’alcool. Je trouve assez choquant que, contrairement au tabac depuis la loi Evin, il y ait dans nos gares des publicités pour les whiskys ou pour les vins. Comme pour les produits sucrés dont nous avons parlé, les jeunes sont ainsi très rapidement habitués à consommer de l’alcool, et dans l’espace public. Ce n’est pas normal. Voilà pourquoi nous voulons taxer ces publicités ! (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "1450",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 362,
   "amendments": [
    "1450"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550405",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 138,
   "annotation_id": "N962fe7e5c3ce",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Étant cardiologue, vous devriez savoir que le lien entre consommation d’alcool et risques cardiovasculaires est largement démontré. Malgré la diminution globale de la consommation depuis les années 1960, la France reste un des pays les plus consommateurs d’alcool. Enfin, les études scientifiques sont unanimes : toute consommation comporte un risque.Notre amendement propose donc, et vous devriez tous et toutes en être d’accord, de taxer les publicités sur l’alcool. Je trouve assez choquant que, contrairement au tabac depuis la loi Evin, il y ait dans nos gares des publicités pour les whiskys ou pour les vins. Comme pour les produits sucrés dont nous avons parlé, les jeunes sont ainsi très rapidement habitués à consommer de l’alcool, et dans l’espace public. Ce n’est pas normal. Voilà pourquoi nous voulons taxer ces publicités ! (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793548",
   "speaker": "Caroline Colombier",
   "quality": "Mme Caroline Colombier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550407",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3550407"
   ],
   "order": 365,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas un ou deux, mais bien six amendements qui ont été déposés par la gauche et le centre pour mettre à mal l’agriculture française et la promotion de nos terroirs.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "1450",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 365,
   "amendments": [
    "1450"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550407",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N28dd5667e1e2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas un ou deux, mais bien six amendements qui ont été déposés par la gauche et le centre pour mettre à mal l’agriculture française et la promotion de nos terroirs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550459",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3550459"
   ],
   "order": 430,
   "text": "Proposé par notre collègue Dominique Potier, cet amendement entre en résonance avec celui que nous avons fait adopter sur la mention du nutri-score dans les supports publicitaires – je m’étonne d’ailleurs de le trouver à ce moment de la discussion. Son champ est plus large puisqu’il vise à instaurer une taxe sur les dépenses de publicité en faveur des produits alimentaires manufacturés et des boissons avec ajouts de sucre, de sel ou d’édulcorants de synthèse.Vous nous direz une nouvelle fois que cette taxe est pénalisante mais nous nous attaquons à l’industrie agroalimentaire et aux ajouts dans les produits de consommation courante. L’objectif est de dégager quelques recettes pour financer la prévention.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "122",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 430,
   "amendments": [
    "122"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550459",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 111,
   "annotation_id": "N90b631d17a9f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Proposé par notre collègue [PERSONNE], cet amendement entre en résonance avec celui que nous avons fait adopter sur la mention du nutri-score dans les supports publicitaires – je m’étonne d’ailleurs de le trouver à ce moment de la discussion. Son champ est plus large puisqu’il vise à instaurer une taxe sur les dépenses de publicité en faveur des produits alimentaires manufacturés et des boissons avec ajouts de sucre, de sel ou d’édulcorants de synthèse.Vous nous direz une nouvelle fois que cette taxe est pénalisante mais nous nous attaquons à l’industrie agroalimentaire et aux ajouts dans les produits de consommation courante. L’objectif est de dégager quelques recettes pour financer la prévention."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841955",
   "speaker": "Matthias Renault",
   "quality": "M. Matthias Renault",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550462",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3550462"
   ],
   "order": 434,
   "text": "L’objectif est de limiter le champ de l’amendement aux dépenses de publicité à destination des mineurs, puisque les majeurs sont libres de leurs choix et peuvent éteindre la télévision s’ils ne veulent pas être soumis à une publicité. Cette proposition s’inspire d’une taxe, instaurée il y a dix ans au Mexique, qui pèse sur les publicités pour les produits sucrés ciblant les mineurs.Le Mexique, où la consommation de boissons sucrées est la plus importante au monde, est l’un des pays qui compte le plus d’obèses – un habitant sur trois –, les deux tiers de la population étant en surpoids. Il s’agit donc de s’inspirer des bonnes méthodes d’un pays confronté de longue date au problème.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "122",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 434,
   "amendments": [
    "122"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550462",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "N65251135acee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’objectif est de limiter le champ de l’amendement aux dépenses de publicité à destination des mineurs, puisque les majeurs sont libres de leurs choix et peuvent éteindre la télévision s’ils ne veulent pas être soumis à une publicité. Cette proposition s’inspire d’une taxe, instaurée il y a dix ans au Mexique, qui pèse sur les publicités pour les produits sucrés ciblant les mineurs.Le Mexique, où la consommation de boissons sucrées est la plus importante au monde, est l’un des pays qui compte le plus d’obèses – un habitant sur trois –, les deux tiers de la population étant en surpoids. Il s’agit donc de s’inspirer des bonnes méthodes d’un pays confronté de longue date au problème."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3550465"
   ],
   "order": 438,
   "text": "Monsieur Guedj, je vous renvoie à mon avis sur l’amendement de M. Valletoux, qui visait à instaurer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés. Votre amendement en reprend plusieurs éléments mais il porte sur les dépenses de publicité.Je ne comprends pas le sous-amendement de M. Renault, qui vise à restreindre l’assiette de la taxe aux publicités « à destination des mineurs ». Comment déterminer si une annonce s’adresse aux mineurs, sauf si elle passe sur une chaîne destinée aux enfants ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 438,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550465",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "Nf686ab13ae97",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Guedj, je vous renvoie à mon avis sur l’amendement de M. Valletoux, qui visait à instaurer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés. Votre amendement en reprend plusieurs éléments mais il porte sur les dépenses de publicité.Je ne comprends pas le sous-amendement de M. Renault, qui vise à restreindre l’assiette de la taxe aux publicités « à destination des mineurs ». Comment déterminer si une annonce s’adresse aux mineurs, sauf si elle passe sur une chaîne destinée aux enfants ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550467",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3550467"
   ],
   "order": 441,
   "text": "Je comprends bien l’argument du libre arbitre des adultes, qui peuvent choisir de consommer un produit néfaste à leur santé, comme une boisson alcoolisée. En revanche, je ne sais pas comment on peut soustraire les mineurs au visionnage d’un spot télévisé ou à l’écoute d’une pub à la radio. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 9 (suite) /  / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3549956",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 441,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3550467",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N5daaa835d559",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends bien l’argument du libre arbitre des adultes, qui peuvent choisir de consommer un produit néfaste à leur santé, comme une boisson alcoolisée. En revanche, je ne sais pas comment on peut soustraire les mineurs au visionnage d’un spot télévisé ou à l’écoute d’une pub à la radio. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552489",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3552489"
   ],
   "order": 1129,
   "text": "Conformément à l’article 121-3 du règlement de l’Assemblée et suite aux débats que nous avons eus à l’article 9 au sujet de la taxe sur les sodas, la commission sollicite un nouveau vote sur les amendements présentés par Mme Sebaihi, M. Guedj et M. Isaac-Sibille : alors qu’un sous-amendement avait été adopté, l’amendement ne l’a pas été. Je ne dirai pas que le vote a été confus, mais l’instant a peut-être prêté à confusion. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, SOC et Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Article 12 / Article 14 et annexe / ",
   "article": "Article 14 et annexe",
   "article_id": "3549881",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1129,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552489",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 84,
   "annotation_id": "N1e3bc8e45e9b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Conformément à l’article 121-3 du règlement de l’Assemblée et suite aux débats que nous avons eus à l’article 9 au sujet de la taxe sur les sodas, la commission sollicite un nouveau vote sur les amendements présentés par Mme Sebaihi, M. Guedj et M. Isaac-Sibille : alors qu’un sous-amendement avait été adopté, l’amendement ne l’a pas été. Je ne dirai pas que le vote a été confus, mais l’instant a peut-être prêté à confusion. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794778",
   "speaker": "Sandra Regol",
   "quality": "Mme Sandra Regol",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552495",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3552495"
   ],
   "order": 1135,
   "text": "Le nombre de cancers chez les sapeurs-pompiers est en hausse. Pourtant, deux seulement de ces pathologies sont reconnues comme étant liées à l’exposition aux fumées toxiques. Par cet amendement, nous invitons donc à investir dans des matériels qui les protègent mieux et à reconnaître un plus grand nombre de maladies comme étant liées à leur travail. L’enjeu est de taille pour celles et ceux qui sauvent nos concitoyens.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Article 12 / Article 14 et annexe / ",
   "article": "Article 14 et annexe",
   "article_id": "3549881",
   "amendment": "885",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1135,
   "amendments": [
    "885"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552495",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "N15e248481cf7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le nombre de cancers chez les sapeurs-pompiers est en hausse. Pourtant, deux seulement de ces pathologies sont reconnues comme étant liées à l’exposition aux fumées toxiques. Par cet amendement, nous invitons donc à investir dans des matériels qui les protègent mieux et à reconnaître un plus grand nombre de maladies comme étant liées à leur travail. L’enjeu est de taille pour celles et ceux qui sauvent nos concitoyens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552675",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3552675"
   ],
   "order": 1152,
   "text": "Je veux remercier M. le président de la commission d’avoir de nouveau soumis au vote cet amendement que j’ai écrit notamment avec Jérôme Guedj. Nous allons enfin savoir si une majorité est capable de se prononcer, au sein de notre assemblée, en faveur de la taxe soda. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Seconde délibération / Après l’article 9 ter (seconde délibération) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 ter (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3552667",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1152,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552675",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "N0493c7227ad8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux remercier M. le président de la commission d’avoir de nouveau soumis au vote cet amendement que j’ai écrit notamment avec [PERSONNE]. Nous allons enfin savoir si une majorité est capable de se prononcer, au sein de notre assemblée, en faveur de la taxe soda. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552704",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3552704"
   ],
   "order": 1180,
   "text": "Vous ne mesurez pas les conséquences de ce que vous faites ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Il faut en parler : si nous ne créons plus de valeur, nous aurons moins de recettes pour financer nos services publics, nos hôpitaux et nos retraites ! (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Tous les amendements que vous avez fait adopter sont dangereux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 ter (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3552667",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1180,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552704",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "N348a0d6dc0a7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous ne mesurez pas les conséquences de ce que vous faites ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Il faut en parler : si nous ne créons plus de valeur, nous aurons moins de recettes pour financer nos services publics, nos hôpitaux et nos retraites ! (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Tous les amendements que vous avez fait adopter sont dangereux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552706",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3552706"
   ],
   "order": 1182,
   "text": "En augmentant la CSG sur les revenus du capital, nous avons dégagé 5 milliards ; grâce aux cotisations sociales sur les dividendes, 10 milliards (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et SOC) ; et grâce aux taxes sur les sucres ajoutés, 2 milliards.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 ter (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3552667",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1182,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552706",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N02cc8744a375",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En augmentant la CSG sur les revenus du capital, nous avons dégagé 5 milliards ; grâce aux cotisations sociales sur les dividendes, 10 milliards (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]) ; et grâce aux taxes sur les sucres ajoutés, 2 milliards."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033",
   "date": "2024-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28650",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du lundi 04 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "021490b08f16446f4baaa62eeeb3f3ccc5bc8fadd98d1c31ca38825410a58be0",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552708",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3552708"
   ],
   "order": 1184,
   "text": "Nous avons donc dégagé entre 17 et 20 milliards de recettes. Nous venons en outre d’inscrire, en annexe, l’abrogation de la réforme des retraites (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS, LFI-NFP et SOC) et le remboursement des fauteuils roulants. Nous avons dégagé des sommes susceptibles de combler les 3 milliards qui manquent à l’hôpital ou aux 85 % d’Ehpad en déficit.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Après l’article 9 ter (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3552667",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1184,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N033-3552708",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N54d8e2a95666",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons donc dégagé entre 17 et 20 milliards de recettes. Nous venons en outre d’inscrire, en annexe, l’abrogation de la réforme des retraites (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]) et le remboursement des fauteuils roulants. Nous avons dégagé des sommes susceptibles de combler les 3 milliards qui manquent à l’hôpital ou aux 85 % d’Ehpad en déficit."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884292",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884292"
   ],
   "order": 76,
   "text": "La justice sociale non plus ne s’achète pas à crédit. Elle repose sur la participation de tous.Ce sont ces fondations qu’il nous faut relever aujourd’hui. Nous devons permettre aux nouvelles générations de bâtir leur propre prospérité. Ainsi, dans ces débats, nous proposerons l’exonération de CSG sur les heures supplémentaires, afin de redonner du pouvoir d’achat et de reconnaître ceux qui travaillent davantage.Nous défendrons l’idée d’une hausse progressive de la durée légale de travail pour produire davantage. Nous appellerons aussi à une allocation sociale unifiée et simplifiée, pour fusionner les prestations sociales, dégager au moins 2 milliards d’économies par an et valoriser le travail par rapport à l’inactivité.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 76,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884292",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "Nb3a8d914373e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La justice sociale non plus ne s’achète pas à crédit. Elle repose sur la participation de tous.Ce sont ces fondations qu’il nous faut relever aujourd’hui. Nous devons permettre aux nouvelles générations de bâtir leur propre prospérité. Ainsi, dans ces débats, nous proposerons l’exonération de CSG sur les heures supplémentaires, afin de redonner du pouvoir d’achat et de reconnaître ceux qui travaillent davantage.Nous défendrons l’idée d’une hausse progressive de la durée légale de travail pour produire davantage. Nous appellerons aussi à une allocation sociale unifiée et simplifiée, pour fusionner les prestations sociales, dégager au moins 2 milliards d’économies par an et valoriser le travail par rapport à l’inactivité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884295",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884295"
   ],
   "order": 80,
   "text": "Dans le même esprit, notre groupe a formulé plusieurs propositions visant à faire de la santé mentale une véritable priorité, car celle-ci reste trop souvent le parent pauvre de nos politiques publiques, et à renforcer l’aide sociale à l’enfance, pour garantir que la solidarité nationale s’exerce pleinement envers les plus vulnérables de nos enfants.Ces propositions s’appuient sur une même conviction : la sécurité sociale doit être à la fois plus juste, plus simple et plus humaine, pour rester fidèle à son esprit fondateur.Dans le détail, ce PLFSS contient plusieurs réformes utiles. Nous soutenons la simplification du financement des hôpitaux. Nous approuvons la lutte contre les rentes dans certains secteurs. Nous saluons la généralisation de la vaccination et les rendez-vous de prévention pour les affections chroniques, qui permettront à terme une meilleure santé de tous, pour tous. Nous soutenons la promotion des génériques et des biosimilaires, la lutte contre le gaspillage et la modernisation numérique de la santé. Nous soutenons le congé supplémentaire de naissance et un meilleur encadrement des arrêts de travail. Ce sont des mesures de bon sens, de rigueur et de progrès. Elles modernisent notre système, elles simplifient, elles responsabilisent. Nous les soutiendrons sans réserve.Mais ne nous mentons pas : l’effort de redressement repose presque entièrement sur trois leviers dans le projet initial du gouvernement. D’abord, le gel des prestations et des pensions. Ensuite, le doublement des franchises médicales. Enfin, la baisse de prix et la régulation des produits de santé. Autrement dit : l’ajustement budgétaire de la sécurité sociale repose pour 80 % sur les assurés eux-mêmes.Le premier ministre a constaté, vendredi dernier, que l’une de ces mesures au moins ne réunissait pas de majorité au sein de cette assemblée. Je veux parler, bien sûr, du gel des pensions et des prestations. Le retrait de cette mesure ayant été acté, il est essentiel que le gouvernement nous indique rapidement comment il entend préserver les équilibres budgétaires et garantir la soutenabilité de notre modèle social. Car si les moyens changent, les objectifs, eux, doivent rester les mêmes.Il nous faut privilégier la baisse de la dépense à la hausse des contributions. À ce titre, nous devons poser la question de l’utilité de chaque euro dépensé. Nous devons exiger des indicateurs de performance plus clairs et plus lisibles, politique par politique. À terme, il faudra avoir le courage de supprimer ou de remplacer les dispositifs les moins efficaces. Le bon usage de l’argent public est une exigence morale en démocratie. Nos concitoyens attendent que nous la respections.La situation est grave, mais elle n’est pas désespérée. La France a déjà su redresser ses comptes, entre 2017 et 2019. Nous pouvons le refaire, à condition d’avoir du courage, de la cohérence et de la constance.Le groupe Horizons & indépendants abordera donc ce PLFSS avec lucidité et exigence. Nous soutiendrons les réformes structurelles et la maîtrise des dépenses. Nous refuserons les mesures démagogiques qui aggravent le déficit et la charge fiscale sur les Français. Nous défendrons le travail et la justice intergénérationnelle.Car ce qui se joue ici, c’est la crédibilité de la parole publique, la pérennité de notre modèle social et la liberté de notre pays. Nous préférerons toujours dire la vérité aux Français, même lorsqu’elle est difficile, plutôt que de les bercer d’illusions. C’est cela, la responsabilité. C’est cela, la ligne de notre groupe. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR et Dem ainsi que sur les bancs des commissions.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 80,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884295",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 568,
   "annotation_id": "Nda8af4730fb4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "santé mentale une véritable priorité, car celle-ci reste trop souvent le parent pauvre de nos politiques publiques, et à renforcer l’aide sociale à l’enfance, pour garantir que la solidarité nationale s’exerce pleinement envers les plus vulnérables de nos enfants.Ces propositions s’appuient sur une même conviction : la sécurité sociale doit être à la fois plus juste, plus simple et plus humaine, pour rester fidèle à son esprit fondateur.Dans le détail, ce PLFSS contient plusieurs réformes utiles. Nous soutenons la simplification du financement des hôpitaux. Nous approuvons la lutte contre les rentes dans certains secteurs. Nous saluons la généralisation de la vaccination et les rendez-vous de prévention pour les affections chroniques, qui permettront à terme une meilleure santé de tous, pour tous. Nous soutenons la promotion des génériques et des biosimilaires, la lutte contre le gaspillage et la modernisation numérique de la santé. Nous soutenons le congé supplémentaire de naissance et un meilleur encadrement des arrêts de travail. Ce sont des mesures de bon sens, de rigueur et de progrès. Elles modernisent notre système, elles simplifient, elles responsabilisent. Nous les soutiendrons sans réserve.Mais ne nous mentons pas : l’effort de redressement repose presque entièrement sur trois leviers dans le projet initial du"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO840056",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884340",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884340"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "La Fontaine n’avait pas prévu la sécurité sociale, mais il avait deviné notre faiblesse : celle d’une minorité qui chante pendant que l’hiver s’installe, en croyant que la solidarité suffira à réchauffer la maison commune.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 92,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884340",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N70d711b1b85f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La Fontaine n’avait pas prévu la sécurité sociale, mais il avait deviné notre faiblesse : celle d’une minorité qui chante pendant que l’hiver s’installe, en croyant que la solidarité suffira à réchauffer la maison commune."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA309643",
   "speaker": "Véronique Besse",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Besse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO840056",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884309",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884309"
   ],
   "order": 94,
   "text": "Le gouvernement, aujourd’hui, annonce un redressement de nos finances sociales, mais sans réforme, sans cap, sans courage. Des gels, des taxes, des transferts : voilà le triptyque budgétaire qui nous est proposé.Déjà, la Cour des comptes prévient qu’une nouvelle dette sociale de plus de 100 milliards d’euros se reconstituera d’ici 2029. Nous sommes devenus le Sisyphe de la sécurité sociale. C’est pourquoi nous devons, au cours des prochains jours, oser reposer la question : pour qui, pour quoi, et jusqu’où voulons-nous protéger ?Le gouvernement double les franchises et les participations forfaitaires. Il ajoute 1 milliard de taxe sur les mutuelles et impose plus de 5 milliards d’effort aux ménages. Par ailleurs, les hôpitaux se voient retrancher 700 millions d’euros. Les soignants, eux, quittent le métier, épuisés d’être sommés de faire toujours plus avec toujours moins. Les déserts médicaux gagnent du terrain, les urgences ferment, les consultations se raréfient. Et l’on parle de responsabiliser les patients : comme si ceux qui souffrent étaient coupables de leur douleur !La fracture sanitaire devient une fracture territoriale. La santé publique n’est plus un droit : c’est une loterie géographique. Les familles, les jeunes et les anciens sont trois visages de cette France que l’on oublie, de cette fatigue que l’on tait.La natalité s’effondre : pour la première fois depuis la seconde guerre mondiale, la France a enregistré plus de décès que de naissances. Plus qu’une statistique, c’est un avertissement. Or, face à ce déclin démographique, le gouvernement ne trouve rien de mieux que de geler les allocations familiales et de repousser leur majoration à 18 ans.Les retraités, eux, subiront une sous-indexation de 0,4 point entre 2027 et 2030. Les familles paient, les aînés s’inquiètent et la jeunesse attend. Et quand cette jeunesse veut apprendre, on lui ferme la porte : le PLFSS supprime l’exonération de cotisations sociales pour les apprentis, dès le 1er janvier 2026. Voilà le message envoyé à nos jeunes : on taxe au lieu de former, on freine au lieu de lancer. On fabrique des débiteurs au lieu de forger des héritiers.Quant aux personnes âgées, elles ne figurent même pas dans les priorités. La branche autonomie, avec ses 43 milliards d’euros, est gérée comme un appendice comptable. Les aidants, les Ehpad et nos aînés sont oubliés dans les marges d’un budget qui prétend encore protéger, alors qu’il ne protège plus rien.Nous devrions bâtir une véritable politique de la dignité, où l’âge ne serait plus synonyme de dépendance, mais de reconnaissance. L’autonomie doit devenir une priorité nationale, avec les moyens, la volonté et la fierté de dire à nos aînés : « Vous comptez encore ! ».La Cour des comptes nous le dit sans détour : cette situation n’est pas soutenable ; elle oblige à définir une trajectoire crédible de retour vers l’équilibre. Mais cette trajectoire n’existera que si nous redonnons du sens à l’effort. Depuis cinquante ans, chaque gouvernement promet de lutter contre la fraude sociale – des paroles, mais aucune volonté politique.Il est temps de cesser de punir ceux qui travaillent et de subventionner ceux qui refusent de contribuer. La fraude existe, certes, mais le vrai scandale, c’est la lâcheté, la fuite en avant, l’absence de sélectivité dans les aides et le refus d’assumer la valeur travail. Ce n’est pas seulement une question de chiffres, c’est une question de morale et d’éthique.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 94,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884309",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 552,
   "annotation_id": "N7645530e4d20",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "point entre 2027 et 2030. Les familles paient, les aînés s’inquiètent et la jeunesse attend. Et quand cette jeunesse veut apprendre, on lui ferme la porte : le PLFSS supprime l’exonération de cotisations sociales pour les apprentis, dès le 1er janvier 2026. Voilà le message envoyé à nos jeunes : on taxe au lieu de former, on freine au lieu de lancer. On fabrique des débiteurs au lieu de forger des héritiers.Quant aux personnes âgées, elles ne figurent même pas dans les priorités. La branche autonomie, avec ses 43 milliards d’euros, est gérée comme un appendice comptable. Les aidants, les Ehpad et nos aînés sont oubliés dans les marges d’un budget qui prétend encore protéger, alors qu’il ne protège plus rien.Nous devrions bâtir une véritable politique de la dignité, où l’âge ne serait plus synonyme de dépendance, mais de reconnaissance. L’autonomie doit devenir une priorité nationale, avec les moyens, la volonté et la fierté de dire à nos aînés : « Vous comptez encore ! ».La Cour des comptes nous le dit sans détour : cette situation n’est pas soutenable ; elle oblige à définir une trajectoire crédible de retour vers l’équilibre. Mais cette trajectoire n’existera que si nous redonnons du"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884324",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884324"
   ],
   "order": 111,
   "text": "Nous abordons ce budget au lendemain de la célébration du 80e anniversaire de la sécurité sociale. Chacun a pu dire, à cette occasion, son attachement à notre modèle de protection sociale. Certains ont même prétendu vouloir le sauver. Pour ma part, je constate que la sécurité sociale est grandement maltraitée et mise en difficulté, au détriment de ceux par qui et pour qui elle existe, à savoir chacun d’entre nous.Ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale ressemble à tous les précédents, avec toutefois une portée austéritaire inédite.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 111,
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884324",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 90,
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   "analysis_text": "Nous abordons ce budget au lendemain de la célébration du 80e anniversaire de la sécurité sociale. Chacun a pu dire, à cette occasion, son attachement à notre modèle de protection sociale. Certains ont même prétendu vouloir le sauver. Pour ma part, je constate que la sécurité sociale est grandement maltraitée et mise en difficulté, au détriment de ceux par qui et pour qui elle existe, à savoir chacun d’entre nous.Ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale ressemble à tous les précédents, avec toutefois une portée austéritaire inédite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884420",
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   "order": 114,
   "text": "Il part du constat que le déficit s’aggrave ; c’est vrai, nous ne le nions pas, mais ce gouvernement, comme les précédents, n’interroge pas les causes du déficit. Le déficit serait forcément lié à un dérapage des dépenses et, partant de cette vision pour le moins simpliste, le seul levier serait de réduire les dépenses.En conséquence, vous nous soumettez un budget inédit quant aux économies qu’il vise à réaliser – 7 milliards d’euros, principalement à la charge des assurés sociaux. Pour y parvenir, vous fixez une progression de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie à un niveau historiquement bas, à 1,6 % seulement. Cette progression est certes légèrement supérieure à l’inflation, mais elle est largement inférieure à l’augmentation naturelle de ces dépenses, estimée à 4,5 %, soit 10 milliards d’euros sans mesures de réduction.Les cinq principales fédérations hospitalières ont d’ores et déjà dénoncé « la pire cure d’économies sur l’hôpital depuis les années 2010 » et ont annoncé qu’il leur manquera au moins 1 milliard pour fonctionner. Les Ehpad publics, déficitaires pour 70 % d’entre eux, resteront avec une dette d’au moins 500 millions d’euros.Il n’est pas nécessaire d’être un grand comptable pour savoir que cet Ondam ne pourra pas être tenu et que, mécaniquement, il creusera le déficit de la sécurité sociale. Nous savons tous que ce budget aggravera le déficit de nos hôpitaux, qui culmine à plus de 2,8 milliards, ainsi que celui de nos Ehpad, et qu’il affectera lourdement la qualité de l’accès aux soins.Il n’y aura pas moins de malades, pas moins de maladies professionnelles et d’accidents du travail parce que vous réduirez les droits relatifs aux arrêts de travail. Il n’y aura pas moins d’ALD parce que vous rognerez les droits des personnes en ALD non exonérante. La paupérisation de notre société ne va pas ralentir parce que vous gèlerez l’ensemble des prestations sociales et sous-indexerez durablement les pensions de retraite. De la même manière, ce n’est pas parce que vous allez décaler d’une génération l’application de la réforme des retraites que la population consentira à cette réforme injuste et que les travailleurs trouveront la force de pousser jusqu’à 64 ans et 43 annuités de travail.Toutes vos propositions contournent les problèmes que sont la dégradation des conditions de travail et l’absence de politique publique de prévention et tentent de rendre invisibles ceux qui en souffrent, au premier rang desquels les travailleurs et les malades, ainsi que l’ensemble des professionnels de santé.De ce point de vue, ce budget feint de méconnaître les voies alternatives qui existent pourtant. Les trois hauts conseils du champ social, mandatés en mars dernier par François Bayrou, ont affirmé qu’il était tout à fait possible de bâtir « une stratégie cohérente et juste, inscrite dans la durée » pour « rétablir progressivement les comptes sociaux », de « proposer des solutions répartissant équitablement […] la charge de l’effort », et ce sans « renoncer à la couverture des besoins, en particulier pour les populations les plus vulnérables ». Oui, il est tout à fait possible d’être financièrement responsables et socialement ambitieux.Pour ce faire, il faut rompre avec une « vision court-termiste » – expression du conseil de la Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie (Cnam), qui a massivement rejeté le PLFSS. Il faut oser des « stratégies structurantes » – exigence formulée par le Conseil de l’âge du Haut Conseil de la famille, de l’enfance et de l’âge (HCFEA), lui aussi peu convaincu par ce texte. Il faut nécessairement mettre un terme à la « tentative de dérive gestionnaire » dénoncée par le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins, qui considère que votre PLFSS réduit le patient « à un \"coût\" ou à une variable d’ajustement budgétaire ». Il faut le courage de la rupture avec les précédentes politiques budgétaires. Il faut urgemment revenir aux fondamentaux de la sécurité sociale, et le financement solidaire par la cotisation sociale constitue le premier d’entre eux.Les députés communistes et des territoires dits d’outre-mer défendent cette position depuis de très longues années. Ils sont désormais soutenus par les trois Hauts Conseils, qui affirment clairement que « les recettes sont un élément constitutif de la sécurité sociale ». La Cour des comptes, dans sa communication à la commission des affaires sociales motivée par l’examen de ce projet de loi, souligne « un apport modéré des recettes nouvelles ». Pourtant ces recettes existent. Je ne citerai que les niches sociales : prises dans leur ensemble, exonérations et exemptions d’assiette ont atteint 91,3 milliards d’euros en 2024 et représenteront presque autant en 2025.La participation et l’intéressement, dont il a été démontré qu’ils constituent des dispositifs de contournement du salaire, dépassent quant à eux les 26 milliards d’exemptions d’assiette. Vous ne vous y attaquez pas. Vous préférez vous en prendre au financement des activités sociales ou culturelles gérées par les comités sociaux et économiques (CSE) ! De même, vous laissez filer 2,9 milliards d’exonérations portant sur des heures supplémentaires qui, une fois de plus, ne seront pas compensées, et qui se substituent en partie à la création d’emplois. La réduction générale des allègements entamée l’an dernier, beaucoup trop timide, ne résout pas le problème de fond : il faut aider nos entreprises, mais au moyen d’aides publiques ciblées, mesurées, soumises à conditions, non d’exonérations à tout va qui ont fait la preuve de leur inefficacité en matière de qualité des emplois, de lutte contre le chômage de masse, et qui ont conduit à la smicardisation de notre pays.Délibérément, je le crains, vous entretenez ce cercle vicieux au lieu de rétablir le cercle vertueux sur lequel a été fondée notre sécurité sociale : celui du travail salarié dans le cadre duquel employeur et employé cotisent en vue de l’acquisition de droits bénéficiant aux deux parties. En effet, des salariés qui peuvent se soigner sont des salariés qui produisent ; des patrons contraints par une cotisation concernant les accidents du travail et les maladies professionnelles sont des patrons qui veillent un peu plus aux conditions de sécurité ; des salariés assurés d’une bonne retraite à un âge décent se montrent d’autant plus investis dans leur vie professionnelle. Un salaire qui protège contre les risques de la vie est un salaire qui participe du sens du travail. Favoriser l’emploi, le salaire, les évolutions salariales, assure donc la soutenabilité de la sécurité sociale et sa capacité de répondre durablement aux besoins. Dans votre obsession de réduire sans cesse le coût du travail, vous passez totalement à côté de ce lien étroit entre travail et sécurité sociale, nourrissant dès lors le moins-disant social et la désespérance des travailleurs.D’ailleurs, à ce coût du travail qui est en fait le coût du travailleur fait désormais pendant le coût du malade, qu’il s’agirait également de réduire à rien. Dans ce but, vous agitez avec détermination la dette de la sécurité sociale, qui au fond sert votre projet politique. Cette dette, c’est d’abord et avant tout le résultat d’un manque criant de recettes, aggravé par un financement à des taux hors du commun sur les marchés financiers. Pourquoi ne pas revenir à ce qui fonctionnait très bien ? Jusqu’à la création de la Cades, lorsque la sécurité sociale connaissait des déficits, il existait deux stratégies principales : la hausse des taux de cotisation et l’emprunt auprès de la Caisse des dépôts et consignations, c’est-à-dire un crédit public, assuré par l’État, qui donnait de l’air à la sécurité sociale sans la mettre en danger.Enfin, ce projet de budget semble ne tenir aucun compte des débats de l’année dernière, qui avaient abouti à un certain consensus concernant le fait que nous arrivions au bout de la pratique de l’Ondam et des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale. Des idées de solutions alternatives, notamment de lois de programmation pluriannuelle, ont fait leur chemin. La Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) a transmis à vos prédécesseurs, au printemps dernier, le détail de ce que pourrait être une telle loi pour nos hôpitaux et établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux. Relayée par les trois Hauts Conseils, cette proposition reste pourtant lettre morte !J’attendais un PLFSS qui ose enfin ouvrir les débats qui s’imposent lorsque l’on veut véritablement soutenir, ou sauver, notre modèle de protection sociale : le débat sur les recettes issues de la cotisation, le débat sur la financiarisation de la dette, le débat sur les impasses de l’Ondam au regard de la stabilité qu’apporterait la programmation en santé. Bien sûr, la responsabilité politique aurait commandé que ce budget soit soutenu par une loi de santé publique et sur le grand âge. En effet, les mesures budgétaires sans rapport avec une politique publique de santé n’ont finalement pas grand sens : elles sont en décalage parce qu’elles ne servent pas un projet politique, un projet de société. Les Français ont besoin de ces perspectives ; en l’état, ce texte les leur refuse et fragilise l’avenir de notre sécurité sociale.Mesdames et monsieur les ministres, nous avons besoin de débattre des moyens que nous voulons mobiliser en faveur de notre système de protection sociale. Je crois profondément aux vertus du débat : il y a nécessité d’avancer, que chacun soit éclairé au sujet des positions des uns et des autres. En la matière, nos intentions sont claires. Nous, le groupe GDR, voulons maltraiter votre projet – le maltraiter à un tel point qu’il devienne un autre PLFSS et réponde enfin aux besoins grandissants de la population. Madame la ministre de l’action et des comptes publics, vous m’avez interrogé en commission sur notre positionnement, qui conduirait à des recettes sans cesse croissantes – selon vos termes –, sur la soutenabilité du financement de la sécurité sociale par la cotisation. En fait, nous défendons simplement une idée de justice sociale : que les recettes qui permettent de protéger nos concitoyens contre les aléas de vies parfois difficiles soient indexées sur la création de richesses. C’est le principe de la cotisation. En d’autres termes, nous voulons que celles et ceux qui créent ces richesses, ou en ont créé, profitent justement et dignement des fruits de leur travail. (« Excellent ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
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   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 114,
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   "analysis_text": "réaliser – 7 milliards d’euros, principalement à la charge des assurés sociaux. Pour y parvenir, vous fixez une progression de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie à un niveau historiquement bas, à 1,6 % seulement. Cette progression est certes légèrement supérieure à l’inflation, mais elle est largement inférieure à l’augmentation naturelle de ces dépenses, estimée à 4,5 %, soit 10 milliards d’euros sans mesures de réduction.Les cinq principales fédérations hospitalières ont d’ores et déjà dénoncé « la pire cure d’économies sur l’hôpital depuis les années 2010 » et ont annoncé qu’il leur manquera au moins 1 milliard pour fonctionner. Les Ehpad publics, déficitaires pour 70 % d’entre eux, resteront avec une dette d’au moins 500 millions d’euros.Il n’est pas nécessaire d’être un grand comptable pour savoir que cet Ondam ne pourra pas être tenu et que, mécaniquement, il creusera le déficit de la sécurité sociale. Nous savons tous que ce budget aggravera le déficit de nos hôpitaux, qui culmine à plus de 2,8 milliards, ainsi que celui de nos Ehpad, et qu’il affectera lourdement la qualité de l’accès aux soins.Il n’y aura pas moins de malades, pas moins de maladies professionnelles et d’accidents du travail parce que vous réduirez les droits relatifs aux arrêts de travail. Il n’y aura pas moins d’ALD parce que vous rognerez les droits des personnes en ALD non exonérante. La paupérisation de notre société ne va pas ralentir parce que vous gèlerez l’ensemble des prestations sociales et sous-indexerez durablement les pensions de retraite. De la même manière, ce n’est pas parce que vous allez décaler d’une génération l’application de la réforme des retraites que la"
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  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA840773",
   "speaker": "Olivier Fayssat",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Fayssat",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884565",
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   "order": 130,
   "text": "Je représente une droite qui vote, quelle que soit la formation politique qui les propose, les mesures en lesquelles elle croit ; une droite qui sait aussi refuser, quelle que soit la formation politique qui le propose, ce qui n’emmènerait pas le pays dans la bonne direction. Je suis ici pour parler d’un texte que nous ne connaissons pas encore, car à cette heure, en réalité, il n’existe pas. Il n’est pas possible de se prononcer sur une telle somme d’incertitudes. Incertitude quant au financement de mesures décidées à la dernière minute, comme le gel de la réforme des retraites et le renoncement à l’année blanche ; incertitude concernant les mesures de financement – entre autres la surtaxe sur les complémentaires, la sous-indexation des retraites et de certaines prestations – supprimées du texte lors de son examen en commission, ce qui présage le même sort en séance publique.Pour sauver l’apprentissage, éviter la sous-indexation des pensions de retraite et des prestations sociales, ou encore soutenir les pharmaciens face au gouvernement, qui veut restreindre les remises sur les génériques, nous avons proposé de renoncer à réduire certaines dépenses. Mettre fin à la réduction de charges portant sur les contrats d’apprentissage représente en réalité une augmentation de ces charges qui pénalisera les artisans, les étudiants, les entreprises. Revenir sur l’allègement d’une charge qui serait insupportable dans son état primitif ne constitue pas un acte raisonnable, la suppression d’un injuste cadeau, mais un retour aux pulsions premières de pillage fiscal qui animent une partie de cet hémicycle.En toute responsabilité, nous avons également suggéré des sources d’économies : l’opposabilité de la contre-visite en cas d’arrêt maladie, des jours de carence d’ordre public en cas d’arrêt de travail, la nécessité de trois années de travail effectif en France pour percevoir les aides contributives, le plafonnement des aides et du RSA à 70 % du smic. Face à nous, le macro-socialisme fait de la stratégie pour se maintenir, de la communication pour se cacher, du report pour échapper à la censure. En l’état des amendements, ce PLFSS n’a pas vocation à régler les problèmes : il poursuit avant tout des objectifs fort éloignés de nos priorités et des intérêts du pays.Malgré la persévérance de M. le président de la commission et de M. le rapporteur général, les résultats obtenus en commission ne nous rendent pas très optimistes au sujet des votes à venir. Cependant rien n’est figé : les amendements vont être examinés de nouveau et nous ne serons pas enfermés dans une posture. On dit qu’un bon discours (« Pas celui-ci ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC) fait parfois changer d’avis, mais jamais de vote. Proposons néanmoins, expliquons, débattons, votons ; nous saurons à la fin si ce projet de loi est acceptable ou non. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
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   "last_order": 130,
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   "case": "vaccination",
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   "analysis_text": "Je représente une droite qui vote, quelle que soit la formation politique qui les propose, les mesures en lesquelles elle croit ; une droite qui sait aussi refuser, quelle que soit la formation politique qui le propose, ce qui n’emmènerait pas le pays dans la bonne direction. Je suis ici pour parler d’un texte que nous ne connaissons pas encore, car à cette heure, en réalité, il n’existe pas. Il n’est pas possible de se prononcer sur une telle somme d’incertitudes. Incertitude quant au financement de mesures décidées à la dernière minute, comme le gel de la réforme des retraites et le renoncement à l’année blanche ; incertitude concernant les mesures de financement – entre autres la surtaxe sur les complémentaires, la sous-indexation des retraites et de certaines prestations – supprimées du texte lors de son examen en commission, ce qui présage le même sort en séance publique.Pour sauver l’apprentissage, éviter la sous-indexation des pensions de retraite et des prestations sociales, ou encore soutenir les pharmaciens face au gouvernement, qui veut restreindre les remises sur les génériques, nous avons proposé de renoncer à réduire certaines dépenses. Mettre fin à la réduction de charges portant sur les contrats d’apprentissage représente en réalité une augmentation de ces charges qui pénalisera les artisans, les étudiants, les entreprises. Revenir sur l’allègement d’une charge qui serait insupportable dans son état primitif ne constitue pas un acte raisonnable, la suppression d’un injuste cadeau, mais un retour aux pulsions premières de pillage fiscal qui animent une partie de cet hémicycle.En toute responsabilité, nous avons également suggéré des sources d’économies : l’opposabilité de la contre-visite en cas d’arrêt maladie, des jours de carence d’ordre public en cas d’arrêt de travail, la nécessité de trois années de travail effectif en France pour percevoir les aides contributives, le plafonnement des aides et du RSA à 70 % du smic. Face à nous, le macro-socialisme fait de la stratégie pour se maintenir, de la communication pour se cacher, du report pour échapper à la censure. En l’état des amendements, ce PLFSS n’a pas vocation à régler les problèmes : il poursuit avant tout des objectifs fort éloignés de nos priorités et des intérêts du pays.Malgré la persévérance de M. le président de la commission et de M. le rapporteur général, les résultats obtenus en commission ne nous rendent pas très optimistes au sujet des votes à venir. Cependant rien n’est figé : les amendements vont être examinés de nouveau et nous ne serons pas enfermés dans une posture. On dit qu’un bon discours (« Pas celui-ci ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) fait parfois changer d’avis, mais jamais de vote. Proposons néanmoins, expliquons, débattons, votons ; nous saurons à la fin si ce projet de loi est acceptable ou non. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
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   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884618",
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   "order": 327,
   "text": "Notre groupe aurait été tenté de supprimer l’Ondam, tant cet indicateur est manifestement inefficace. En trente ans d’existence, il a fait la preuve de son caractère pratiquement toxique puisqu’il conduit à accumuler les déficits. Il faudra manifestement lui en substituer un autre. Nous ne pouvons continuer ainsi : n’importe quelle entreprise privée aurait depuis longtemps mis la clé sous la porte. Cela vaut aussi bien pour le système de sécurité sociale que pour les hôpitaux, les Ehpad ou la médecine de ville, qui se trouvent à l’os. Cela vous conduit, dans ce PLFSS, à aller chercher de l’argent dans des recoins invraisemblables : vous récupérez le moindre million sur le dos de personnes ou de structures déjà fragilisées, de soignants qui n’en peuvent plus, de malades qui sont à la limite de ne pas se soigner faute de pouvoir payer leur complémentaire.Je vous en supplie, madame la ministre, commençons une vraie discussion sur l’indicateur nécessaire à l’équilibre de nos comptes ! Dans le cadre de la future commission d’enquête sur les comptes de la sécurité sociale, nous nous mettrons d’ailleurs en chasse pour savoir pourquoi cet Ondam ne fonctionne pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3884616",
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   "last_order": 327,
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Notre groupe aurait été tenté de supprimer l’Ondam, tant cet indicateur est manifestement inefficace. En trente ans d’existence, il a fait la preuve de son caractère pratiquement toxique puisqu’il conduit à accumuler les déficits. Il faudra manifestement lui en substituer un autre. Nous ne pouvons continuer ainsi : n’importe quelle entreprise privée aurait depuis longtemps mis la clé sous la porte. Cela vaut aussi bien pour le système de sécurité sociale que pour les hôpitaux, les Ehpad ou la médecine de ville, qui se trouvent à l’os. Cela vous conduit, dans ce PLFSS, à aller chercher de l’argent dans des recoins invraisemblables : vous récupérez le moindre million sur le dos de personnes ou de structures déjà fragilisées, de soignants qui n’en peuvent plus, de malades qui sont à la limite de ne pas se soigner faute de pouvoir payer leur complémentaire.Je vous en supplie, madame la ministre, commençons une vraie discussion sur l’indicateur nécessaire à l’équilibre de nos comptes ! Dans le cadre de la future commission d’enquête sur les comptes de la sécurité sociale, nous nous mettrons d’ailleurs en chasse pour savoir pourquoi cet Ondam ne fonctionne pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884633",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884633"
   ],
   "order": 344,
   "text": "L’augmentation du sous-objectif de l’Ondam relatif aux soins de ville résulte en partie de l’augmentation des indemnités journalières. Cela doit nous conduire à envisager la possibilité d’instaurer un jour de carence dynamique. Cette mesure a déjà été évoquée au cours de la discussion générale. En effet, s’il peut arriver que l’on ait besoin d’un arrêt de travail, il faut que nous puissions récompenser ceux qui n’abusent pas et qui ne consomment pas les indemnités journalières. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3884616",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 344,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884633",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "N9febe330bee2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’augmentation du sous-objectif de l’Ondam relatif aux soins de ville résulte en partie de l’augmentation des indemnités journalières. Cela doit nous conduire à envisager la possibilité d’instaurer un jour de carence dynamique. Cette mesure a déjà été évoquée au cours de la discussion générale. En effet, s’il peut arriver que l’on ait besoin d’un arrêt de travail, il faut que nous puissions récompenser ceux qui n’abusent pas et qui ne consomment pas les indemnités journalières. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774962",
   "speaker": "Karine Lebon",
   "quality": "Mme Karine Lebon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884892",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884892"
   ],
   "order": 346,
   "text": "L’article 2 entérine le gel de l’Ondam à 265,9 milliards d’euros, alors même que les besoins explosent dans les hôpitaux, les Ehpad et la médecine de ville. Ce n’est pas une mesure de rigueur : c’est un renoncement à financer la santé à hauteur des besoins réels de la population. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Mme Danielle Simonnet applaudit également.)Le gouvernement choisit – car c’est un choix, mesdames et messieurs les ministres – de verrouiller ces crédits après que le Comité d’alerte sur l’évolution des dépenses de l’assurance maladie a fait part d’un « risque sérieux de dépassement ». Mais ce risque traduit en réalité la crise du système de soins dont témoignent des arrêts maladie en hausse, un personnel épuisé et des établissements saturés. Et plutôt que de répondre à cette urgence par un investissement massif, vous sanctionnez le système en le privant de moyens supplémentaires. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Agir ainsi, ce n’est pas maîtriser les dépenses : c’est créer une asphyxie budgétaire qui aggrave les inégalités d’accès aux soins et qui met en danger la santé publique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3884616",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 346,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884892",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 195,
   "annotation_id": "Nd28b9bbef46a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 entérine le gel de l’Ondam à 265,9 milliards d’euros, alors même que les besoins explosent dans les hôpitaux, les Ehpad et la médecine de ville. Ce n’est pas une mesure de rigueur : c’est un renoncement à financer la santé à hauteur des besoins réels de la population. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Le gouvernement choisit – car c’est un choix, mesdames et messieurs les ministres – de verrouiller ces crédits après que le Comité d’alerte sur l’évolution des dépenses de l’assurance maladie a fait part d’un « risque sérieux de dépassement ». Mais ce risque traduit en réalité la crise du système de soins dont témoignent des arrêts maladie en hausse, un personnel épuisé et des établissements saturés. Et plutôt que de répondre à cette urgence par un investissement massif, vous sanctionnez le système en le privant de moyens supplémentaires. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Agir ainsi, ce n’est pas maîtriser les dépenses : c’est créer une asphyxie budgétaire qui aggrave les inégalités d’accès aux soins et qui met en danger la santé publique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884898",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884898"
   ],
   "order": 352,
   "text": "…très investi dans ce dossier, à propos du service des urgences de cet établissement qui, effectivement, depuis hier, ne reçoit plus d’internes – il a perdu l’agrément qui le lui permettait pour les six prochains mois, faute de médecins titulaires en nombre suffisant pour encadrer des internes qui, je le rappelle, sont des étudiants.Mon ministère a aussitôt permis l’envoi de renfort sur place, afin que les urgentistes puissent reconstruire un service capable d’accueillir des internes dans six mois. Vous savez, il y a 612 services d’urgences dans notre pays ; nous devons être à leurs côtés – c’est ce que nous nous efforçons de faire – en évitant de faire peur à nos concitoyens. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Le service d’urgences en question continue d’accueillir des patients et s’y ajoute le service d’accès aux soins (SAS) : quand vous appelez le 15, on vous propose un rendez-vous chez le médecin s’il est possible d’éviter le passage aux urgences ; sinon, vous êtes bien pris en charge aux urgences. Il me semblait important de le préciser.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3884616",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 352,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884898",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 178,
   "annotation_id": "N2bca4534cf61",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…très investi dans ce dossier, à propos du service des urgences de cet établissement qui, effectivement, depuis hier, ne reçoit plus d’internes – il a perdu l’agrément qui le lui permettait pour les six prochains mois, faute de médecins titulaires en nombre suffisant pour encadrer des internes qui, je le rappelle, sont des étudiants.Mon ministère a aussitôt permis l’envoi de renfort sur place, afin que les urgentistes puissent reconstruire un service capable d’accueillir des internes dans six mois. Vous savez, il y a 612 services d’urgences dans notre pays ; nous devons être à leurs côtés – c’est ce que nous nous efforçons de faire – en évitant de faire peur à nos concitoyens. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Le service d’urgences en question continue d’accueillir des patients et s’y ajoute le service d’accès aux soins (SAS) : quand vous appelez le 15, on vous propose un rendez-vous chez le médecin s’il est possible d’éviter le passage aux urgences ; sinon, vous êtes bien pris en charge aux urgences. Il me semblait important de le préciser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884902",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3884902"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "On le sait déjà : cet amendement va être rejeté et vous allez applaudir, comme vous avez applaudi les soignants pendant la période du covid. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) L’Ondam pour 2025 se retrouve affecté d’une baisse de 100 millions d’euros et ce sont les hôpitaux qui sont touchés, alors que leur déficit s’élève à 3 milliards. Mais avec un tel Ondam, comment vont-ils réussir à régler leur problème de déficit ? Comment vont-ils mener à bien leur modernisation ? Comment vont-ils affronter le vieillissement de la population ? Quant aux Ehpad et aux établissements accueillant des personnes en situation de handicap, ils subissent de leur côté une coupe de 241 millions, alors que sept Ehpad sur dix sont en déficit : comment vont-ils mener à bien leur modernisation ? Comment vont-ils régler leur problème de déficit ? Comment vont-ils affronter le vieillissement de la population ?Les kinés, eux aussi, sont pénalisés ; les marges des pharmaciens sont rognées par les labos et les transports sanitaires subissent une baisse des tarifs. Alors oui, vous les applaudissiez pendant le covid, mais dès lors qu’il s’agit de voter, vous n’applaudissez plus que la baisse des moyens qui leur sont consacrés ! Nous appelons à supprimer cet article comme nous appellerons à augmenter tous les moyens dédiés à la santé en France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3884616",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 356,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3884902",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 229,
   "annotation_id": "N94f079c76bb7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On le sait déjà : cet amendement va être rejeté et vous allez applaudir, comme vous avez applaudi les soignants pendant la période du covid. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) L’Ondam pour 2025 se retrouve affecté d’une baisse de 100 millions d’euros et ce sont les hôpitaux qui sont touchés, alors que leur déficit s’élève à 3 milliards. Mais avec un tel Ondam, comment vont-ils réussir à régler leur problème de déficit ? Comment vont-ils mener à bien leur modernisation ? Comment vont-ils affronter le vieillissement de la population ? Quant aux Ehpad et aux établissements accueillant des personnes en situation de handicap, ils subissent de leur côté une coupe de 241 millions, alors que sept Ehpad sur dix sont en déficit : comment vont-ils mener à bien leur modernisation ? Comment vont-ils régler leur problème de déficit ? Comment vont-ils affronter le vieillissement de la population ?Les kinés, eux aussi, sont pénalisés ; les marges des pharmaciens sont rognées par les labos et les transports sanitaires subissent une baisse des tarifs. Alors oui, vous les applaudissiez pendant le covid, mais dès lors qu’il s’agit de voter, vous n’applaudissez plus que la baisse des moyens qui leur sont consacrés ! Nous appelons à supprimer cet article comme nous appellerons à augmenter tous les moyens dédiés à la santé en France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885120",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3885120"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "À la suite de la censure du gouvernement Barnier, le gouvernement Bayrou a voulu faire adopter une loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025. À l’issue des discussions que se sont tenues en février, il a été décidé d’augmenter l’Ondam hospitalier de 1 milliard d’euros et d’attribuer une enveloppe exceptionnelle aux Ehpad. En compensation, l’idée a été émise de réduire de 60 millions l’enveloppe allouée au FMIS, qui avait des réserves – je me tourne vers la ministre de la santé, qui était à ce moment-là rapporteure générale, fonction que j’exerce aujourd’hui ; elle connaît donc très bien ces éléments.Je ne dis pas que je suis favorable à cette réduction de l’enveloppe ;…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 3 / ",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3884945",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 422,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885120",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "N8d45409aa5a4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "À la suite de la censure du gouvernement Barnier, le gouvernement Bayrou a voulu faire adopter une loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025. À l’issue des discussions que se sont tenues en février, il a été décidé d’augmenter l’Ondam hospitalier de 1 milliard d’euros et d’attribuer une enveloppe exceptionnelle aux Ehpad. En compensation, l’idée a été émise de réduire de 60 millions l’enveloppe allouée au FMIS, qui avait des réserves – je me tourne vers la ministre de la santé, qui était à ce moment-là rapporteure générale, fonction que j’exerce aujourd’hui ; elle connaît donc très bien ces éléments.Je ne dis pas que je suis favorable à cette réduction de l’enveloppe ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3885330"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "…je dis simplement que cette manipulation a été opérée à l’époque pour dégager des moyens supplémentaires.Au demeurant, allez-vous changer la donne en supprimant l’article 3 ? (« Oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Je me suis renseigné : cette réduction a été entérinée le 8 juillet. En fin de compte, l’article 3 ne fait que retranscrire ce qui a déjà été fait. Que nous le votions ou non, cela ne changera rien ! (« Alors, ne le votons pas ! » et autres exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Je vous dis les choses telles qu’elles sont. Bien sûr, nous aimerions tous continuer à investir autant en santé, mais à un moment donné, il faut être sérieux.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 3 / ",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3884945",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 425,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885330",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 120,
   "annotation_id": "N4498a2b54a94",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…je dis simplement que cette manipulation a été opérée à l’époque pour dégager des moyens supplémentaires.Au demeurant, allez-vous changer la donne en supprimant l’article 3 ? (« Oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je me suis renseigné : cette réduction a été entérinée le 8 juillet. En fin de compte, l’article 3 ne fait que retranscrire ce qui a déjà été fait. Que nous le votions ou non, cela ne changera rien ! (« Alors, ne le votons pas ! » et autres exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Je vous dis les choses telles qu’elles sont. Bien sûr, nous aimerions tous continuer à investir autant en santé, mais à un moment donné, il faut être sérieux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885136",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3885136"
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   "order": 440,
   "text": "Heureusement que nous déployons au plus près l’argent hospitalier ! C’est une décision de bonne gestion, qui ne remet pas en cause l’ensemble des investissements concernant le système hospitalier, notamment pas les 19 milliards d’euros décidés lors du Ségur de l’investissement.La commission d’enquête que vous lancez sera d’ailleurs très précieuse : elle permettra de se défaire des fausses informations. Certains partent de cet article 3, qui prévoit un ajustement de 60 millions d’euros, pour en conclure qu’il n’y a plus d’investissement hospitalier en France. Gardons le sens de la mesure et ayons le souci de la vérité. Je suis défavorable à ces amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 3 / ",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3884945",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 440,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885136",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N573dc8401eca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Heureusement que nous déployons au plus près l’argent hospitalier ! C’est une décision de bonne gestion, qui ne remet pas en cause l’ensemble des investissements concernant le système hospitalier, notamment pas les 19 milliards d’euros décidés lors du Ségur de l’investissement.La commission d’enquête que vous lancez sera d’ailleurs très précieuse : elle permettra de se défaire des fausses informations. Certains partent de cet article 3, qui prévoit un ajustement de 60 millions d’euros, pour en conclure qu’il n’y a plus d’investissement hospitalier en France. Gardons le sens de la mesure et ayons le souci de la vérité. Je suis défavorable à ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885139",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3885139"
   ],
   "order": 443,
   "text": "Si le FMIS est redondant avec les autres leviers dont nous disposons, il faut le supprimer et le fondre avec ces autres moyens de financement. Le FMIS est né en 2021 de la transformation du fonds pour la modernisation des établissements publics et privés de santé (FMESPP). À cette occasion, et c’est ce qui fait sa particularité, sa compétence a été étendue au secteur médico-social et aux structures de soins coordonnés en ville. À un moment où ces structures sont en plein développement, il serait paradoxal que la dotation au FMIS ne soit pas consommée. C’est pourquoi nous ne sommes pas d’accord avec cette baisse de 60 millions.Je réponds à la petite provocation de M. Bazin : nous assumons la négociation que nous avons menée avec M. Bayrou en début d’année et sommes fiers d’avoir obtenu 1 milliard d’euros supplémentaires pour l’hôpital et le triplement du fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad ! Contrairement à ce que vous laissez entendre, aucune baisse de la dotation au FMIS n’a été négociée en contrepartie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 3 / ",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3884945",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 443,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885139",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 178,
   "annotation_id": "Nd32316a6ac91",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Si le FMIS est redondant avec les autres leviers dont nous disposons, il faut le supprimer et le fondre avec ces autres moyens de financement. Le FMIS est né en 2021 de la transformation du fonds pour la modernisation des établissements publics et privés de santé (FMESPP). À cette occasion, et c’est ce qui fait sa particularité, sa compétence a été étendue au secteur médico-social et aux structures de soins coordonnés en ville. À un moment où ces structures sont en plein développement, il serait paradoxal que la dotation au FMIS ne soit pas consommée. C’est pourquoi nous ne sommes pas d’accord avec cette baisse de 60 millions.Je réponds à la petite provocation de M. Bazin : nous assumons la négociation que nous avons menée avec M. Bayrou en début d’année et sommes fiers d’avoir obtenu 1 milliard d’euros supplémentaires pour l’hôpital et le triplement du fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad ! Contrairement à ce que vous laissez entendre, aucune baisse de la dotation au FMIS n’a été négociée en contrepartie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29863",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 04 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031.xml",
   "source_sha256": "1949fdd70c225c8eba91e35716f1a4ce7a0d260e2ee249687d9619a664cf1fe7",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885142",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3885142"
   ],
   "order": 446,
   "text": "L’étude du PLFSS commence vraiment bien : nous sommes témoins de l’alliance parfaite entre le RN et LFI, entre populisme et démagogie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes RN, LFI-NFP et EcoS.)Pour réaliser des économies, il faut que nous soyons plus efficients. À l’heure de la simplification administrative, que nous appelons de nos vœux, le FMIS demeure piloté à divers échelons : ministère, ARS, groupements hospitaliers de territoire (GHT), hôpitaux. S’il vous plaît, chers collègues, ne réduisez pas nos débats à l’émotionnel en parlant de la mortalité infantile ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 3 / ",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3884945",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 446,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N031-3885142",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "Ned5efdaa736b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’étude du PLFSS commence vraiment bien : nous sommes témoins de l’alliance parfaite entre le [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], entre populisme et démagogie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Pour réaliser des économies, il faut que nous soyons plus efficients. À l’heure de la simplification administrative, que nous appelons de nos vœux, le FMIS demeure piloté à divers échelons : ministère, ARS, groupements hospitaliers de territoire (GHT), hôpitaux. S’il vous plaît, chers collègues, ne réduisez pas nos débats à l’émotionnel en parlant de la mortalité infantile ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre de la transition écologique, de la biodiversité, de la forêt, de la mer et de la pêche",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639467",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639467"
   ],
   "order": 10,
   "text": "Le sujet qui nous occupe ce matin est de première importance pour nos concitoyens, et je le prends très au sérieux. De quoi parle-t-on ? Des substances polyfluoroalkylées ou perfluoroalkylées (Pfas), ces substances chimiques utilisées par des industriels depuis les années 1950, dont les propriétés sont mises à profit dans de nombreux produits de la vie courante – dans notre salle de bains, dans nos appareils électroniques, dans nos réfrigérateurs, dans nos installations électriques.Après ma nomination en tant que ministre de la transition écologique en septembre dernier, j’ai immédiatement souhaité m’emparer de ce sujet, en m’inscrivant dans le prolongement du travail mené par mon prédécesseur, Christophe Béchu, dont je tiens à saluer l’engagement, avec une seule ligne de conduite – écouter la science – et un seul objectif – protéger notre population.Que nous dit la science ? Que le nombre de Pfas est estimé entre 5 000 et 12 000, et qu’elles répondent à des usages variés, avec des risques divers. Les Pfas se caractérisent par des propriétés de résistance remarquables. C’est la raison pour laquelle elles sont utilisées pour fabriquer les tenues protégeant nos pompiers ou les ouvriers de l’industrie lourde, pour produire des mousses permettant d’éteindre les incendies, pour protéger les réservoirs d’avion ou pour assurer l’étanchéité des pompes des installations nucléaires.Cette grande résistance à des phénomènes extrêmes explique que ces composés se dégradent très peu. Ils sont donc très persistants dans l’environnement, d’où leur appellation de polluants éternels.Les propriétés de certaines molécules de Pfas sont déjà connues, et les connaissances disponibles ont permis d’édicter des mesures réglementaires visant à prévenir les éventuels risques associés à leur usage, voire à les interdire lorsque les risques sont avérés.Cependant, pour beaucoup d’entre elles, notamment les monomères, les connaissances sont parcellaires. On sait qu’elles peuvent contaminer l’eau et le sol et contribuer à la survenue de maladies, notamment de cancers. Inversement, nous savons que d’autres Pfas ont ce que les scientifiques appellent un impact limité.Nous devons donc mener un double combat : d’une part, renforcer nos connaissances scientifiques et opérationnelles, d’autre part, trouver les solutions de substitution là où elles sont nécessaires, sans tomber dans une condamnation générale des Pfas.Pour améliorer nos connaissances, dès juillet 2023, Élisabeth Borne, alors première ministre, a missionné votre collègue, le docteur Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, afin qu’il réalise un diagnostic et formule des recommandations.Sur la base de ce travail, un premier plan d’actions a été élaboré en 2023, complété par un deuxième l’an dernier, pilotés conjointement par mon prédécesseur, Christophe Béchu, et par le ministre chargé de l’industrie de l’époque, Roland Lescure. Ce plan comporte cinquante-cinq actions précises, ambitieuses, dont déjà deux tiers ont été mises en œuvre. Il a permis d’enrichir nos connaissances, de mener des actions ciblées et d’aboutir à des résultats concrets.Prenons un premier exemple relatif à l’un des principaux enjeux : l’évaluation des Pfas rejetées dans l’eau par les différents industriels. Nous avons demandé à plus de 2 900 sites industriels et usines de réaliser des mesures de la concentration en Pfas de leurs rejets dans l’eau. Il en est ressorti que l’acide trifluoroacétique ou TFA représente 95 % des rejets de ces sites industriels, et que ces rejets se concentrent sur 200 sites.Nous savons donc où il faut agir, et c’est ce que nous avons fait : ces 200 sites, qui sont à l’origine de 99 % des rejets industriels de Pfas dans l’eau identifiés à ce jour, sont désormais soumis à des obligations visant à les réduire. C’est massif.Il s’agit d’un exemple très concret de ce que doit être notre méthode : ne pas sous-estimer le problème, évaluer scientifiquement, puis agir avec résolution, en pleine transparence vis-à-vis de nos concitoyens. Ainsi, les résultats des mesures réalisées sont tous disponibles sur les sites internet des directions régionales de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (Dreal), mes services en région.Je souhaite que nous allions plus loin. C’est pourquoi, d’ici à l’été, avec l’appui du Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières (BRGM), je mettrai en ligne et rendrai accessible pour tous pour nos concitoyens des cartes recensant les sites qui produisent, utilisent ou rejettent des Pfas, et plus de 1,8 million de données d’analyses liées aux Pfas.Deuxième enjeu crucial qui préoccupe de nombreux Français : la qualité de l’eau. J’ai demandé à l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) de lancer une campagne exploratoire pour mesurer le niveau de Pfas dans l’eau que nous buvons. Nous allons rechercher trente-quatre Pfas dans plusieurs centaines d’échantillons.Cette étude complétera le travail déjà réalisé par Veolia, qui a analysé la présence éventuelle de Pfas en sortie de ses unités de production – l’entreprise alimente 20 millions de Français. Il en est ressorti que plus de 99 % des échantillons respectaient les normes. Cela ne veut pas dire que tout va bien – je suis consciente qu’il existe des points de captage d’eau potable contaminés par les Pfas, sur lesquels il faut agir – mais cela permet de mettre en perspective avec rigueur les risques dont nous parlons.Troisième enjeu majeur : l’interdiction de produits dont on a prouvé qu’ils font courir des risques à notre santé ou à l’environnement. Sur ce point, vous le savez, l’Europe a prononcé l’interdiction de certaines Pfas dangereuses, comme l’acide perfluorooctanesulfonique, ou PFOS, et l’acide perfluorooctanoïque, ou PFOA.En outre, la France a obtenu d’interdire l’utilisation des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires à partir d’août 2026. Le gouvernement s’y était engagé ; les eurodéputés du groupe Renaissance se sont mobilisés ; c’est une promesse tenue.Ce gouvernement, comme les précédents, n’a pas fui ses responsabilités sur les Pfas. Nous avons agi pour améliorer nos connaissances et évaluer les risques pour nos concitoyens, et nous continuons d’agir aux échelons locaux, national et européen, notamment dans le cadre de la révision du règlement Reach – enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances.C’est pourquoi, en responsabilité et par cohérence, le gouvernement soutiendra votre proposition de loi, monsieur Thierry. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.) C’est ce qu’attendent nos concitoyens : ils souhaitent que nous nous mettions d’accord de manière transpartisane, lorsqu’il s’agit d’améliorer leur quotidien.Dans le droit fil de notre action constante depuis plusieurs années, nous soutiendrons ce texte qui permet de graver dans la loi notre exigence collective de lutte contre les Pfas.Toutefois, nous devrons continuer à travailler avec les scientifiques et les industriels si nous voulons que notre action soit efficace. Nous devrons continuer de tenir un discours de vérité et reconnaître que tout n’est pas blanc ou noir. Il y a des milliers de Pfas ; certaines sont bien connues, d’autres beaucoup moins. Certaines sont dangereuses, d’autres considérées comme à faible impact.Parmi vous, certains ont été interpellés sur la situation d’entreprises qui utilisent des Pfas. En tant qu’ancienne ministre de l’industrie, j’estime que nous devons nous en tenir à la science – aux faits – et être vigilants sur les risques qui pourraient émerger, tout en prenant des mesures proportionnées pour s’en protéger, en fonction de la réalité.Si vous l’adoptez, ce texte permettra aux agences de l’eau d’inclure une nouvelle composante relative aux Pfas dans les redevances afin de financer des dispositifs de filtration des points d’eau potable. Il nous permettra aussi d’interdire les Pfas dans les produits cosmétiques, le fart et les produits textiles. Le gouvernement y est favorable.La qualité de vos débats et la quasi-unanimité des votes en commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire témoignent de votre mobilisation et de votre esprit de responsabilité, en première comme en deuxième lecture, au Sénat comme à l’Assemblée. Je salue le rôle de la présidente Le Feur dans la bonne tenue de ces débats.Face aux pressions et aux polémiques, il est crucial que nos débats se déroulent sereinement, éclairés par la science, car nous devons être au rendez-vous sur ce sujet potentiellement anxiogène, complexe et important pour la santé de nos concitoyens et la protection de l’environnement, mais aussi pour l’avenir de nos filières industrielles, et notre politique de transition énergétique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 10,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639467",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 1341,
   "annotation_id": "N78ad61881629",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJLMPQSTV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le sujet qui nous occupe ce matin est de première importance pour nos concitoyens, et je le prends très au sérieux. De quoi parle-t-on ? Des substances polyfluoroalkylées ou perfluoroalkylées (Pfas), ces substances chimiques utilisées par des industriels depuis les années 1950, dont les propriétés sont mises à profit dans de nombreux produits de la vie courante – dans notre salle de bains, dans nos appareils électroniques, dans nos réfrigérateurs, dans nos installations électriques.Après ma nomination en tant que ministre de la transition écologique en septembre dernier, j’ai immédiatement souhaité m’emparer de ce sujet, en m’inscrivant dans le prolongement du travail mené par mon prédécesseur, [PERSONNE], dont je tiens à saluer l’engagement, avec une seule ligne de conduite – écouter la science – et un seul objectif – protéger notre population.Que nous dit la science ? Que le nombre de Pfas est estimé entre 5 000 et 12 000, et qu’elles répondent à des usages variés, avec des risques divers. Les Pfas se caractérisent par des propriétés de résistance remarquables. C’est la raison pour laquelle elles sont utilisées pour fabriquer les tenues protégeant nos pompiers ou les ouvriers de l’industrie lourde, pour produire des mousses permettant d’éteindre les incendies, pour protéger les réservoirs d’avion ou pour assurer l’étanchéité des pompes des installations nucléaires.Cette grande résistance à des phénomènes extrêmes explique que ces composés se dégradent très peu. Ils sont donc très persistants dans l’environnement, d’où leur appellation de polluants éternels.Les propriétés de certaines molécules de Pfas sont déjà connues, et les connaissances disponibles ont permis d’édicter des mesures réglementaires visant à prévenir les éventuels risques associés à leur usage, voire à les interdire lorsque les risques sont avérés.Cependant, pour beaucoup d’entre elles, notamment les monomères, les connaissances sont parcellaires. On sait qu’elles peuvent contaminer l’eau et le sol et contribuer à la survenue de maladies, notamment de cancers. Inversement, nous savons que d’autres Pfas ont ce que les scientifiques appellent un impact limité.Nous devons donc mener un double combat : d’une part, renforcer nos connaissances scientifiques et opérationnelles, d’autre part, trouver les solutions de substitution là où elles sont nécessaires, sans tomber dans une condamnation générale des Pfas.Pour améliorer nos connaissances, dès juillet 2023, [PERSONNE], alors première ministre, a missionné votre collègue, le docteur [PERSONNE], afin qu’il réalise un diagnostic et formule des recommandations.Sur la base de ce travail, un premier plan d’actions a été élaboré en 2023, complété par un deuxième l’an dernier, pilotés conjointement par mon prédécesseur, [PERSONNE], et par le ministre chargé de l’industrie de l’époque, [PERSONNE]. Ce plan comporte cinquante-cinq actions précises, ambitieuses, dont déjà deux tiers ont été mises en œuvre. Il a permis d’enrichir nos connaissances, de mener des actions ciblées et d’aboutir à des résultats concrets.Prenons un premier exemple relatif à l’un des principaux enjeux : l’évaluation des Pfas rejetées dans l’eau par les différents industriels. Nous avons demandé à plus de 2 900 sites industriels et usines de réaliser des mesures de la concentration en Pfas de leurs rejets dans l’eau. Il en est ressorti que l’acide trifluoroacétique ou TFA représente 95 % des rejets de ces sites industriels, et que ces rejets se concentrent sur 200 sites.Nous savons donc où il faut agir, et c’est ce que nous avons fait : ces 200 sites, qui sont à l’origine de 99 % des rejets industriels de Pfas dans l’eau identifiés à ce jour, sont désormais soumis à des obligations visant à les réduire. C’est massif.Il s’agit d’un exemple très concret de ce que doit être notre méthode : ne pas sous-estimer le problème, évaluer scientifiquement, puis agir avec résolution, en pleine transparence vis-à-vis de nos concitoyens. Ainsi, les résultats des mesures réalisées sont tous disponibles sur les sites internet des directions régionales de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (Dreal), mes services en région.Je souhaite que nous allions plus loin. C’est pourquoi, d’ici à l’été, avec l’appui du Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières (BRGM), je mettrai en ligne et rendrai accessible pour tous pour nos concitoyens des cartes recensant les sites qui produisent, utilisent ou rejettent des Pfas, et plus de 1,8 million de données d’analyses liées aux Pfas.Deuxième enjeu crucial qui préoccupe de nombreux Français : la qualité de l’eau. J’ai demandé à l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) de lancer une campagne exploratoire pour mesurer le niveau de Pfas dans l’eau que nous buvons. Nous allons rechercher trente-quatre Pfas dans plusieurs centaines d’échantillons.Cette étude complétera le travail déjà réalisé par Veolia, qui a analysé la présence éventuelle de Pfas en sortie de ses unités de production – l’entreprise alimente 20 millions de Français. Il en est ressorti que plus de 99 % des échantillons respectaient les normes. Cela ne veut pas dire que tout va bien – je suis consciente qu’il existe des points de captage d’eau potable contaminés par les Pfas, sur lesquels il faut agir – mais cela permet de mettre en perspective avec rigueur les risques dont nous parlons.Troisième enjeu majeur : l’interdiction de produits dont on a prouvé qu’ils font courir des risques à notre santé ou à l’environnement. Sur ce point, vous le savez, l’Europe a prononcé l’interdiction de certaines Pfas dangereuses, comme l’acide perfluorooctanesulfonique, ou PFOS, et l’acide perfluorooctanoïque, ou PFOA.En outre, la France a obtenu d’interdire l’utilisation des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires à partir d’août 2026. Le gouvernement s’y était engagé ; les eurodéputés du groupe [GROUPE] se sont mobilisés ; c’est une promesse tenue.Ce gouvernement, comme les précédents, n’a pas fui ses responsabilités sur les Pfas. Nous avons agi pour améliorer nos connaissances et évaluer les risques pour nos concitoyens, et nous continuons d’agir aux échelons locaux, national et européen, notamment dans le cadre de la révision du règlement Reach – enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances.C’est pourquoi, en responsabilité et par cohérence, le gouvernement soutiendra votre proposition de loi, monsieur Thierry. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) C’est ce qu’attendent nos concitoyens : ils souhaitent que nous nous mettions d’accord de manière transpartisane, lorsqu’il s’agit d’améliorer leur quotidien.Dans le droit fil de notre action constante depuis plusieurs années, nous soutiendrons ce texte qui permet de graver dans la loi notre exigence collective de lutte contre les Pfas.Toutefois, nous devrons continuer à travailler avec les scientifiques et les industriels si nous voulons que notre action soit efficace. Nous devrons continuer de tenir un discours de vérité et reconnaître que tout n’est pas blanc ou noir. Il y a des milliers de Pfas ; certaines sont bien connues, d’autres beaucoup moins. Certaines sont dangereuses, d’autres considérées comme à faible impact.Parmi vous, certains ont été interpellés sur la situation d’entreprises qui utilisent des Pfas. En tant qu’ancienne ministre de l’industrie, j’estime que nous devons nous en tenir à la science – aux faits – et être vigilants sur les risques qui pourraient émerger, tout en prenant des mesures proportionnées pour s’en protéger, en fonction de la réalité.Si vous l’adoptez, ce texte permettra aux agences de l’eau d’inclure une nouvelle composante relative aux Pfas dans les redevances afin de financer des dispositifs de filtration des points d’eau potable. Il nous permettra aussi d’interdire les Pfas dans les produits cosmétiques, le fart et les produits textiles. Le gouvernement y est favorable.La qualité de vos débats et la quasi-unanimité des votes en commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire témoignent de votre mobilisation et de votre esprit de responsabilité, en première comme en deuxième lecture, au Sénat comme à l’Assemblée. Je salue le rôle de la présidente Le Feur dans la bonne tenue de ces débats.Face aux pressions et aux polémiques, il est crucial que nos débats se déroulent sereinement, éclairés par la science, car nous devons être au rendez-vous sur ce sujet potentiellement anxiogène, complexe et important pour la santé de nos concitoyens et la protection de l’environnement, mais aussi pour l’avenir de nos filières industrielles, et notre politique de transition énergétique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et HOR.)"
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   "date": "2025-02-20",
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   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
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   "text": "Permettez-moi de débuter cette journée dédiée aux propositions de loi du groupe Écologiste et social par la lecture des premières lignes de Printemps silencieux, ouvrage fondateur, publié en 1962 par Rachel Carson, scientifique et première grande lanceuse d’alerte : « Il était une fois une petite ville […], où toute vie semblait vivre en harmonie avec ce qui l’entourait […] où, au printemps, des nuages blancs de fleurs flottaient au-dessus des champs verts. […] Et puis, un mal étrange s’insinua dans le pays, et tout commença à changer. »Ce mal étrange dont parle Rachel Carson, ce sont les insecticides, qui font taire le chant les oiseaux, disparaître les insectes et anéantissent progressivement le tissu du vivant. Les Pfas sont des substances chimiques différentes mais, à bien des égards, elles constituent un autre mal étrange qui s’insinue dans le pays.Lorsque je lis ces lignes écrites par Rachel Carson il y a plus de soixante ans, je pense immédiatement aux communes que j’ai eu l’occasion de parcourir, depuis deux ans que je m’emploie à lutter contre les polluants éternels ; je pense à ces maires qui, ces derniers mois, ont découvert leur commune sur la carte mondiale de la pollution aux Pfas ; je pense à ces habitants à qui l’on interdit désormais de consommer les œufs de leurs poules, les quelques légumes qui poussent dans leur potager et même, parfois, l’eau de leur robinet.Ce matin, je vous propose de leur apporter une première réponse, en faisant de la France l’un des pays les mieux armés pour protéger sa population des risques liés à ces polluants éternels. L’opportunité est historique : nous pouvons adopter sans modification la présente proposition de loi, adoptée en première lecture par l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat.Pour amorcer nos débats, accordez-moi quelques instants pour revenir sur les principales caractéristiques de ces polluants éternels. Les Pfas sont une famille de substances chimiques inventées au XXe siècle par quelques industriels, qui regroupe environ 12 000 composés, tous structurés autour d’une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor qui leur confère différentes propriétés. Les Pfas sont stables sous de fortes chaleurs, imperméables, repoussent les graisses et ont des propriétés antitaches ou antiadhésives.Le revers de ces qualités est une grande résistance aux processus de dégradation dans l’environnement. Les Pfas s’infiltrent dans les milieux, si bien qu’il est impossible pour le vivant d’échapper à une exposition croissante. Or, une fois dans les organismes, le corps peine à s’en débarrasser car leurs propriétés entravent l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader.Cette exposition est préoccupante car la littérature scientifique l’associe à de sérieux risques pour la santé : altération de la fertilité, maladies thyroïdiennes, taux élevés de cholestérol, lésions au foie, cancers, réponse réduite aux vaccins ou faible poids à la naissance.Ce problème sanitaire est donc d’une gravité inédite, d’une portée comparable à celle des ravages du chlordécone ou de l’amiante.Le constat posé, j’en viens à la proposition de loi qui nous occupe ce matin, que je vous propose d’adopter dans sa rédaction issue du Sénat.Peu nombreuses sont les propositions – particulièrement lorsqu’elles émanent des oppositions – à franchir les méandres de la navette parlementaire jusqu’à une éventuelle adoption définitive. C’est dans cette configuration que nous sommes ce matin.Je remercie nos collègues du Sénat qui ont bien voulu considérer ce texte, et l’adopter dans de brefs délais. Dans les deux chambres, la proposition de loi a été adoptée à l’unanimité. Je remercie aussi mes collègues de la commission du développement durable, qui ont voté la proposition sans modification la semaine dernière.Le texte, dont je suis le rapporteur et l’auteur, a été amendé au cours de la discussion, à l’Assemblée puis au Sénat. Je l’avoue sincèrement : la proposition de loi dont nous débattons aujourd’hui n’est pas celle que j’ai déposée, elle ne correspond pas en tout point à l’ambition initiale qui était la mienne pour ce texte. Néanmoins, conscient des équilibres au sein de notre assemblée, conscient aussi de l’urgence à agir, je souhaite qu’elle soit définitivement adoptée car elle contient des avancées majeures, dont il serait impensable de se priver.Quelles sont-elles ? La première vise à limiter la pollution à la source, en adoptant des restrictions dès 2026 pour les produits pour lesquels il existe des alternatives – cosmétiques, fart pour les skis, vêtements et chaussures. Je vous propose ensuite d’agir en 2030 pour l’ensemble des produits textiles. Ce calendrier est complété par certaines exceptions, dont le périmètre est bien encadré, et dont la liste devra faire l’objet de décrets.Ces premières mesures sont essentielles car la procédure européenne de restriction des Pfas sera plus longue et plus incertaine que prévu. Adopter de premières restrictions au niveau national sera sans aucun doute un signal de notre ambition pour nos partenaires européens.Je veux évoquer en toute transparence le sujet des ustensiles de cuisine, qui nous avait divisés en première lecture. Même si je n’ai pas trouvé de majorité parlementaire pour voter l’interdiction des Pfas dans les ustensiles de cuisine, je reste convaincu qu’il s’agit d’une bonne mesure car des solutions alternatives existent. Nous avons cependant remporté une bataille culturelle en mettant en lumière cet enjeu majeur. Je ne rouvrirai volontairement pas ce débat car cela oblitérerait toute possibilité d’adoption définitive.La deuxième mesure consiste à contrôler la présence de Pfas dans l’eau potable en se fondant sur une liste de substances plus étoffée que celle prise en compte par le droit européen. Je souhaite par exemple que nous puissions rechercher le TFA, ce Pfas retrouvé massivement dans les eaux de nombreuses communes françaises. Cette disposition est assortie de la création d’une carte des sites à l’origine de la pollution aux Pfas et apportera une transparence bienvenue sur la situation de nos territoires.Je vous propose aussi de doter la France d’une trajectoire de réduction des rejets aqueux de Pfas provenant des installations industrielles et d’établir un plan pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux potables. Dans la continuité de cette mesure, je vous propose de faire contribuer financièrement les industriels à l’origine de la pollution, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. Cette contribution qui prendra la forme d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de Pfas dans l’eau permettra aux collectivités chargées de dépolluer les eaux d’anticiper le mur d’investissement auquel elles seront bientôt confrontées. Je suis heureux qu’elle ait rencontré un soutien à l’Assemblée nationale, puis au Sénat, les sénateurs étant particulièrement au fait des contraintes qui pèseront bientôt sur les collectivités.La dernière mesure vient garantir une information transparente sur les analyses qui mesurent la pollution aux Pfas dans l’eau potable. Le Sénat a souhaité préciser que ces analyses cibleraient aussi les eaux en bouteilles, précision à laquelle l’actualité donne toute sa pertinence.En guise de conclusion, je veux rappeler l’opportunité de voter ce matin une loi qui fera date dans la lutte contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. L’enjeu est simple : il faut adopter cette proposition de loi sans modification. Nous sommes observés ; j’espère que nous serons à la hauteur. Ne l’oubliez pas : chaque année perdue se compte, hélas, en vies humaines. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Ecos, LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR. – Mme Anne-Cécile Violland applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
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   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi de débuter cette journée dédiée aux propositions de loi du groupe [GROUPE] par la lecture des premières lignes de Printemps silencieux, ouvrage fondateur, publié en 1962 par Rachel Carson, scientifique et première grande lanceuse d’alerte : « Il était une fois une petite ville […], où toute vie semblait vivre en harmonie avec ce qui l’entourait […] où, au printemps, des nuages blancs de fleurs flottaient au-dessus des champs verts. […] Et puis, un mal étrange s’insinua dans le pays, et tout commença à changer. »Ce mal étrange dont parle Rachel Carson, ce sont les insecticides, qui font taire le chant les oiseaux, disparaître les insectes et anéantissent progressivement le tissu du vivant. Les Pfas sont des substances chimiques différentes mais, à bien des égards, elles constituent un autre mal étrange qui s’insinue dans le pays.Lorsque je lis ces lignes écrites par Rachel Carson il y a plus de soixante ans, je pense immédiatement aux communes que j’ai eu l’occasion de parcourir, depuis deux ans que je m’emploie à lutter contre les polluants éternels ; je pense à ces maires qui, ces derniers mois, ont découvert leur commune sur la carte mondiale de la pollution aux Pfas ; je pense à ces habitants à qui l’on interdit désormais de consommer les œufs de leurs poules, les quelques légumes qui poussent dans leur potager et même, parfois, l’eau de leur robinet.Ce matin, je vous propose de leur apporter une première réponse, en faisant de la France l’un des pays les mieux armés pour protéger sa population des risques liés à ces polluants éternels. L’opportunité est historique : nous pouvons adopter sans modification la présente proposition de loi, adoptée en première lecture par l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat.Pour amorcer nos débats, accordez-moi quelques instants pour revenir sur les principales caractéristiques de ces polluants éternels. Les Pfas sont une famille de substances chimiques inventées au XXe siècle par quelques industriels, qui regroupe environ 12 000 composés, tous structurés autour d’une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor qui leur confère différentes propriétés. Les Pfas sont stables sous de fortes chaleurs, imperméables, repoussent les graisses et ont des propriétés antitaches ou antiadhésives.Le revers de ces qualités est une grande résistance aux processus de dégradation dans l’environnement. Les Pfas s’infiltrent dans les milieux, si bien qu’il est impossible pour le vivant d’échapper à une exposition croissante. Or, une fois dans les organismes, le corps peine à s’en débarrasser car leurs propriétés entravent l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader.Cette exposition est préoccupante car la littérature scientifique l’associe à de sérieux risques pour la santé : altération de la fertilité, maladies thyroïdiennes, taux élevés de cholestérol, lésions au foie, cancers, réponse réduite aux vaccins ou faible poids à la naissance.Ce problème sanitaire est donc d’une gravité inédite, d’une portée comparable à celle des ravages du chlordécone ou de l’amiante.Le constat posé, j’en viens à la proposition de loi qui nous occupe ce matin, que je vous propose d’adopter dans sa rédaction issue du Sénat.Peu nombreuses sont les propositions – particulièrement lorsqu’elles émanent des oppositions – à franchir les méandres de la navette parlementaire jusqu’à une éventuelle adoption définitive. C’est dans cette configuration que nous sommes ce matin.Je remercie nos collègues du Sénat qui ont bien voulu considérer ce texte, et l’adopter dans de brefs délais. Dans les deux chambres, la proposition de loi a été adoptée à l’unanimité. Je remercie aussi mes collègues de la commission du développement durable, qui ont voté la proposition sans modification la semaine dernière.Le texte, dont je suis le rapporteur et l’auteur, a été amendé au cours de la discussion, à l’Assemblée puis au Sénat. Je l’avoue sincèrement : la proposition de loi dont nous débattons aujourd’hui n’est pas celle que j’ai déposée, elle ne correspond pas en tout point à l’ambition initiale qui était la mienne pour ce texte. Néanmoins, conscient des équilibres au sein de notre assemblée, conscient aussi de l’urgence à agir, je souhaite qu’elle soit définitivement adoptée car elle contient des avancées majeures, dont il serait impensable de se priver.Quelles sont-elles ? La première vise à limiter la pollution à la source, en adoptant des restrictions dès 2026 pour les produits pour lesquels il existe des alternatives – cosmétiques, fart pour les skis, vêtements et chaussures. Je vous propose ensuite d’agir en 2030 pour l’ensemble des produits textiles. Ce calendrier est complété par certaines exceptions, dont le périmètre est bien encadré, et dont la liste devra faire l’objet de décrets.Ces premières mesures sont essentielles car la procédure européenne de restriction des Pfas sera plus longue et plus incertaine que prévu. Adopter de premières restrictions au niveau national sera sans aucun doute un signal de notre ambition pour nos partenaires européens.Je veux évoquer en toute transparence le sujet des ustensiles de cuisine, qui nous avait divisés en première lecture. Même si je n’ai pas trouvé de majorité parlementaire pour voter l’interdiction des Pfas dans les ustensiles de cuisine, je reste convaincu qu’il s’agit d’une bonne mesure car des solutions alternatives existent. Nous avons cependant remporté une bataille culturelle en mettant en lumière cet enjeu majeur. Je ne rouvrirai volontairement pas ce débat car cela oblitérerait toute possibilité d’adoption définitive.La deuxième mesure consiste à contrôler la présence de Pfas dans l’eau potable en se fondant sur une liste de substances plus étoffée que celle prise en compte par le droit européen. Je souhaite par exemple que nous puissions rechercher le TFA, ce Pfas retrouvé massivement dans les eaux de nombreuses communes françaises. Cette disposition est assortie de la création d’une carte des sites à l’origine de la pollution aux Pfas et apportera une transparence bienvenue sur la situation de nos territoires.Je vous propose aussi de doter la France d’une trajectoire de réduction des rejets aqueux de Pfas provenant des installations industrielles et d’établir un plan pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux potables. Dans la continuité de cette mesure, je vous propose de faire contribuer financièrement les industriels à l’origine de la pollution, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. Cette contribution qui prendra la forme d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de Pfas dans l’eau permettra aux collectivités chargées de dépolluer les eaux d’anticiper le mur d’investissement auquel elles seront bientôt confrontées. Je suis heureux qu’elle ait rencontré un soutien à l’Assemblée nationale, puis au Sénat, les sénateurs étant particulièrement au fait des contraintes qui pèseront bientôt sur les collectivités.La dernière mesure vient garantir une information transparente sur les analyses qui mesurent la pollution aux Pfas dans l’eau potable. Le Sénat a souhaité préciser que ces analyses cibleraient aussi les eaux en bouteilles, précision à laquelle l’actualité donne toute sa pertinence.En guise de conclusion, je veux rappeler l’opportunité de voter ce matin une loi qui fera date dans la lutte contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. L’enjeu est simple : il faut adopter cette proposition de loi sans modification. Nous sommes observés ; j’espère que nous serons à la hauteur. Ne l’oubliez pas : chaque année perdue se compte, hélas, en vies humaines. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
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   "text": "Nous discutons une nouvelle fois de la proposition de loi visant à protéger la population des risques liés à l’exposition aux Pfas. En tant que présidente de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire, je ne peux que me réjouir du retour de cette proposition de loi en deuxième lecture, car elle aborde un sujet majeur en matière de risques pour l’environnement et pour la santé – les deux sont liés.Je salue la persévérance du rapporteur, Nicolas Thierry, et je remercie le groupe Écologiste et social, ainsi que l’ensemble des députés de la commission qui, par deux fois, se sont penchés sur ce texte. Ils avaient déjà eu l’occasion d’examiner une autre proposition de loi sur le même sujet, déposée par David Taupiac. Les sénateurs ont rapidement pris leur suite, en maintenant l’essentiel des dispositions du texte.Je me réjouis enfin du soutien du gouvernement, en particulier de Mme Agnès Pannier-Runacher. Nous arrivons au bout d’un travail constructif : les Pfas étaient encore peu connus il y a quelques années et l’approche défendue dans ce texte faisait encore débat l’année dernière. À présent, nous nous sentons tous concernés par ce sujet d’actualité.Je ne rappellerai pas ce que sont les Pfas. Je veux simplement souligner, comme tous les orateurs, à quel point ces substances sont présentes dans de nombreux produits, à la fois dans l’industrie mais aussi dans les secteurs de la consommation courante. Certains Pfas ont déjà été identifiés comme dangereux pour la santé : on peut les relier à la survenue de cancers, de dysfonctionnements thyroïdiens ou à des déficiences immunitaires. La persistance de ces substances dans l’environnement est donc extrêmement préoccupante. Elle nous expose, et expose les générations futures, à un risque persistant d’effets nocifs sur l’environnement et sur nos organismes.Je ne peux donc que souscrire aux différentes dispositions de la proposition de loi, à savoir l’interdiction de la présence des Pfas dans certains produits d’ici à 2026 ou 2030, notamment dans les produits textiles non essentiels ; la mise à disposition d’une carte qui informera la population sur le niveau de pollution ; le renforcement du contrôle par les agences régionales de santé (ARS) de la présence de ces substances dans l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine ; l’introduction d’une redevance pour pollution de l’eau, spécifiquement assise sur les rejets aqueux de Pfas, redevance due par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement (ICPE).La surveillance de l’eau est un sujet très important : de nombreuses enquêtes et analyses montrent que les eaux de surface, comme l’eau potable, sont d’ores et déjà contaminées par certains Pfas. De plus, les travaux menés par les journalistes, les associations et les commissions parlementaires ont mis en lumière de nouveaux éléments, comme la présence généralisée d’un Pfas encore peu connu, le TFA, dont l’usage n’est pas encore encadré par une réglementation spécifique.Au-delà de ce texte, le gouvernement s’est mobilisé dès 2023 en publiant des plans d’action qu’il a suivis et en prenant des mesures réglementaires.Sur les 3 600 installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement concernées, plus de 2 900 ont déjà procédé à des mesures pour détecter et quantifier les Pfas présents dans leurs rejets aqueux. Cette campagne de mesure est déjà riche d’enseignements et permet d’envisager l’étape suivante – la dépollution et le choix des meilleures techniques de décontamination.Je rappellerai pour finir qu’il est nécessaire que l’Union européenne agisse afin que la réglementation sur les Pfas soit similaire dans tous les États membres et que la pollution liée à ces substances chimiques diminue rapidement.La commission du développement durable n’a pas modifié le texte adopté au Sénat en mai dernier en première lecture. Je ne peux que souhaiter qu’il en soit de même ce matin, et que la proposition soit définitivement adoptée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.) Ses dispositions pourront alors entrer en vigueur rapidement. Nous montrerons ainsi à nos concitoyens que ce sujet est pris très au sérieux par la représentation nationale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR, SOC, EcoS, HOR et GDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 56,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639694",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 669,
   "annotation_id": "N359cd3425846",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILPQST",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous discutons une nouvelle fois de la proposition de loi visant à protéger la population des risques liés à l’exposition aux Pfas. En tant que présidente de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire, je ne peux que me réjouir du retour de cette proposition de loi en deuxième lecture, car elle aborde un sujet majeur en matière de risques pour l’environnement et pour la santé – les deux sont liés.Je salue la persévérance du rapporteur, [PERSONNE], et je remercie le groupe [GROUPE], ainsi que l’ensemble des députés de la commission qui, par deux fois, se sont penchés sur ce texte. Ils avaient déjà eu l’occasion d’examiner une autre proposition de loi sur le même sujet, déposée par [PERSONNE]. Les sénateurs ont rapidement pris leur suite, en maintenant l’essentiel des dispositions du texte.Je me réjouis enfin du soutien du gouvernement, en particulier de Mme [PERSONNE]. Nous arrivons au bout d’un travail constructif : les Pfas étaient encore peu connus il y a quelques années et l’approche défendue dans ce texte faisait encore débat l’année dernière. À présent, nous nous sentons tous concernés par ce sujet d’actualité.Je ne rappellerai pas ce que sont les Pfas. Je veux simplement souligner, comme tous les orateurs, à quel point ces substances sont présentes dans de nombreux produits, à la fois dans l’industrie mais aussi dans les secteurs de la consommation courante. Certains Pfas ont déjà été identifiés comme dangereux pour la santé : on peut les relier à la survenue de cancers, de dysfonctionnements thyroïdiens ou à des déficiences immunitaires. La persistance de ces substances dans l’environnement est donc extrêmement préoccupante. Elle nous expose, et expose les générations futures, à un risque persistant d’effets nocifs sur l’environnement et sur nos organismes.Je ne peux donc que souscrire aux différentes dispositions de la proposition de loi, à savoir l’interdiction de la présence des Pfas dans certains produits d’ici à 2026 ou 2030, notamment dans les produits textiles non essentiels ; la mise à disposition d’une carte qui informera la population sur le niveau de pollution ; le renforcement du contrôle par les agences régionales de santé (ARS) de la présence de ces substances dans l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine ; l’introduction d’une redevance pour pollution de l’eau, spécifiquement assise sur les rejets aqueux de Pfas, redevance due par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement (ICPE).La surveillance de l’eau est un sujet très important : de nombreuses enquêtes et analyses montrent que les eaux de surface, comme l’eau potable, sont d’ores et déjà contaminées par certains Pfas. De plus, les travaux menés par les journalistes, les associations et les commissions parlementaires ont mis en lumière de nouveaux éléments, comme la présence généralisée d’un Pfas encore peu connu, le TFA, dont l’usage n’est pas encore encadré par une réglementation spécifique.Au-delà de ce texte, le gouvernement s’est mobilisé dès 2023 en publiant des plans d’action qu’il a suivis et en prenant des mesures réglementaires.Sur les 3 600 installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement concernées, plus de 2 900 ont déjà procédé à des mesures pour détecter et quantifier les Pfas présents dans leurs rejets aqueux. Cette campagne de mesure est déjà riche d’enseignements et permet d’envisager l’étape suivante – la dépollution et le choix des meilleures techniques de décontamination.Je rappellerai pour finir qu’il est nécessaire que l’Union européenne agisse afin que la réglementation sur les Pfas soit similaire dans tous les États membres et que la pollution liée à ces substances chimiques diminue rapidement.La commission du développement durable n’a pas modifié le texte adopté au Sénat en mai dernier en première lecture. Je ne peux que souhaiter qu’il en soit de même ce matin, et que la proposition soit définitivement adoptée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ses dispositions pourront alors entrer en vigueur rapidement. Nous montrerons ainsi à nos concitoyens que ce sujet est pris très au sérieux par la représentation nationale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], HOR et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639706",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639706"
   ],
   "order": 68,
   "text": "« Ai-je bien fait d’allaiter ? », se demande Stéphanie en apprenant que son lait est contaminé par des polluants éternels, les Pfas. Aujourd’hui elle s’interroge : « On pense faire au mieux, et puis finalement c’est peut-être plus dangereux d’allaiter que de donner du lait en poudre à son bébé. »Thierry n’a jamais mis les pieds dans une usine chimique, il ne travaille pas dans l’industrie et n’a jamais manipulé de produits dangereux. Pourtant, quand il a fait analyser son sang, il a découvert que celui-ci contenait des Pfas en quantité alarmante. Pour quelle raison ? Parce qu’il a grandi au sud de Lyon, à Oullins-Pierre-Bénite, dans l’une des régions les plus polluées d’Europe.Édith vit dans la même commune. Son voisin d’en face a un cancer ; celui de droite aussi, tout comme celui de gauche. Alors qu’elle a plus de 80 ans et qu’elle pourrait profiter de sa retraite, elle est de tous les combats contre les Pfas, et soutient une famille dont l’enfant de 14 ans souffre d’un cancer de stade 4.Et puis, il y a moi, et nous. Voilà un an, avec plusieurs collègues écologistes, nous avons envoyé des mèches de cheveux à un laboratoire indépendant. Résultat ? Nous sommes tous et toutes contaminés. Ce n’était pas une surprise : les analyses menées par Santé publique France (SPF) ont montré que 100 % des Français avaient des Pfas dans le sang.Nous savons par ailleurs que la vallée de la chimie, qui se trouve au sud de Lyon, est l’un des territoires les plus pollués d’Europe. Nous savons aussi que les travailleurs de l’industrie chimique sont les personnes les plus exposées à cette pollution.Bref, nous avons tous du poison dans le sang.Certains ont aussi du sang sur les mains. Les contaminations aux polluants éternels ne sont pas accidentelles. Elles sont la conséquence directe de décennies d’inaction, de mensonges et de compromis avec les lobbys. Lors des travaux préparatoires de cette loi, nous avons entendu toutes sortes d’arguments pour ne pas agir, brandis en particulier par l’extrême droite. Examinons-les un par un.On nous a dit qu’il ne fallait pas fragiliser notre industrie.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 68,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639706",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 354,
   "annotation_id": "Nc49fcb2a1279",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IPQ",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "« Ai-je bien fait d’allaiter ? », se demande Stéphanie en apprenant que son lait est contaminé par des polluants éternels, les Pfas. Aujourd’hui elle s’interroge : « On pense faire au mieux, et puis finalement c’est peut-être plus dangereux d’allaiter que de donner du lait en poudre à son bébé. »Thierry n’a jamais mis les pieds dans une usine chimique, il ne travaille pas dans l’industrie et n’a jamais manipulé de produits dangereux. Pourtant, quand il a fait analyser son sang, il a découvert que celui-ci contenait des Pfas en quantité alarmante. Pour quelle raison ? Parce qu’il a grandi au sud de Lyon, à Oullins-Pierre-Bénite, dans l’une des régions les plus polluées d’Europe.Édith vit dans la même commune. Son voisin d’en face a un cancer ; celui de droite aussi, tout comme celui de gauche. Alors qu’elle a plus de 80 ans et qu’elle pourrait profiter de sa retraite, elle est de tous les combats contre les Pfas, et soutient une famille dont l’enfant de 14 ans souffre d’un cancer de stade 4.Et puis, il y a moi, et nous. Voilà un an, avec plusieurs collègues écologistes, nous avons envoyé des mèches de cheveux à un laboratoire indépendant. Résultat ? Nous sommes tous et toutes contaminés. Ce n’était pas une surprise : les analyses menées par Santé publique France (SPF) ont montré que 100 % des Français avaient des Pfas dans le sang.Nous savons par ailleurs que la vallée de la chimie, qui se trouve au sud de Lyon, est l’un des territoires les plus pollués d’Europe. Nous savons aussi que les travailleurs de l’industrie chimique sont les personnes les plus exposées à cette pollution.Bref, nous avons tous du poison dans le sang.Certains ont aussi du sang sur les mains. Les contaminations aux polluants éternels ne sont pas accidentelles. Elles sont la conséquence directe de décennies d’inaction, de mensonges et de compromis avec les lobbys. Lors des travaux préparatoires de cette loi, nous avons entendu toutes sortes d’arguments pour ne pas agir, brandis en particulier par l’extrême droite. Examinons-les un par un.On nous a dit qu’il ne fallait pas fragiliser notre industrie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639715",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639715"
   ],
   "order": 77,
   "text": "Mais ce sont les industriels eux-mêmes qui sont responsables de cette situation, parce qu’ils ont refusé d’anticiper l’inévitable et continué à produire des substances dont ils connaissaient la toxicité. Aux États-Unis, des documents internes des entreprises 3M et Dupont montrent que les effets des Pfas sur la santé étaient connus dès les années 1960.On nous a dit que les industriels ont des valeurs et qu’ils ne souhaitent pas empoisonner les gens. Pourtant, en février 2024, soixante-treize dirigeants de l’industrie chimique se sont réunis pour organiser un sabotage en règle de l’interdiction des Pfas. Devant les révélations, leur première réaction n’a jamais été d’indemniser les victimes ou d’organiser la transition vers d’autres procédés, mais de financer des études contradictoires, de retarder la régulation et de chercher à brouiller le débat – c’est ce qu’on appelle la fabrique du doute.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 77,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639715",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 138,
   "annotation_id": "Ne5ca0f9e927c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIM",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mais ce sont les industriels eux-mêmes qui sont responsables de cette situation, parce qu’ils ont refusé d’anticiper l’inévitable et continué à produire des substances dont ils connaissaient la toxicité. Aux États-Unis, des documents internes des entreprises 3M et Dupont montrent que les effets des Pfas sur la santé étaient connus dès les années 1960.On nous a dit que les industriels ont des valeurs et qu’ils ne souhaitent pas empoisonner les gens. Pourtant, en février 2024, soixante-treize dirigeants de l’industrie chimique se sont réunis pour organiser un sabotage en règle de l’interdiction des Pfas. Devant les révélations, leur première réaction n’a jamais été d’indemniser les victimes ou d’organiser la transition vers d’autres procédés, mais de financer des études contradictoires, de retarder la régulation et de chercher à brouiller le débat – c’est ce qu’on appelle la fabrique du doute."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639719",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639719"
   ],
   "order": 82,
   "text": "On nous a dit qu’interdire ces substances en France ne servirait à rien si on continuait d’importer des produits contaminés. C’est précisément pour cette raison que notre proposition de loi concerne aussi les importations. Nous avons pris nos responsabilités : nous ne laissons pas la porte ouverte à une pollution délocalisée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 82,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639719",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N682133ed6937",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On nous a dit qu’interdire ces substances en France ne servirait à rien si on continuait d’importer des produits contaminés. C’est précisément pour cette raison que notre proposition de loi concerne aussi les importations. Nous avons pris nos responsabilités : nous ne laissons pas la porte ouverte à une pollution délocalisée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639723",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639723"
   ],
   "order": 86,
   "text": "On nous a dit que nous faisions dans l’idéologie, pas dans la science. Soyons clairs : l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), l’agence européenne des produits chimiques (Echa), Santé publique France, l’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (IGEDD), le Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (Circ) confirment la toxicité des Pfas.Cette proposition de loi de mon collègue Nicolas Thierry apporte une réponse à une menace prouvée, documentée, avérée. C’est une loi de santé publique, fondée sur des faits incontestables établis par les scientifiques et les enquêtes journalistiques, et soutenue par une mobilisation citoyenne hors norme.À celles et ceux qui cherchent encore des excuses pour ne pas agir, je pose une question simple : qui protégez-vous ?Pour notre part, nous avons déjà choisi. Nous défendons les habitants de Pierre-Bénite et de tant d’autres territoires pollués ; les ouvriers des usines chimiques, qui ont le droit de recevoir des informations transparentes et d’être protégés ; toutes celles et ceux qui paient dans leur chair le coût de l’inaction, souffrant de cancers, d’infertilité ou de troubles hormonaux ; les générations futures, pour qu’elles ne naissent pas avec un héritage toxique dans le sang. (Mme Christine Arrighi applaudit.)Nous pouvons dire que nous avons certes été empoisonnés, mais que nous avons choisi de ne plus laisser faire. Je vous invite donc à voter cette loi. Nous disposons de preuves et de solutions, et nous avons le devoir d’agir. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et SOC. – Mme Anne-Cécile Violland applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 86,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639723",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 251,
   "annotation_id": "N127dd419f8bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On nous a dit que nous faisions dans l’idéologie, pas dans la science. Soyons clairs : l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), l’agence européenne des produits chimiques (Echa), Santé publique France, l’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (IGEDD), le Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (Circ) confirment la toxicité des Pfas.Cette proposition de loi de mon collègue [PERSONNE] apporte une réponse à une menace prouvée, documentée, avérée. C’est une loi de santé publique, fondée sur des faits incontestables établis par les scientifiques et les enquêtes journalistiques, et soutenue par une mobilisation citoyenne hors norme.À celles et ceux qui cherchent encore des excuses pour ne pas agir, je pose une question simple : qui protégez-vous ?Pour notre part, nous avons déjà choisi. Nous défendons les habitants de Pierre-Bénite et de tant d’autres territoires pollués ; les ouvriers des usines chimiques, qui ont le droit de recevoir des informations transparentes et d’être protégés ; toutes celles et ceux qui paient dans leur chair le coût de l’inaction, souffrant de cancers, d’infertilité ou de troubles hormonaux ; les générations futures, pour qu’elles ne naissent pas avec un héritage toxique dans le sang. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Nous pouvons dire que nous avons certes été empoisonnés, mais que nous avons choisi de ne plus laisser faire. Je vous invite donc à voter cette loi. Nous disposons de preuves et de solutions, et nous avons le devoir d’agir. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
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   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639729",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 92,
   "text": "Il y a trois ans, une pollution massive aux Pfas, ces polluants éternels qui résistent à tout et menacent notre santé et nos écosystèmes, a été découverte dans ma circonscription, à Oullins-Pierre-Bénite, au sud de la métropole lyonnaise. Qu’il me soit permis de rendre hommage à l’équipe de journalistes de « Vert de rage ».Ce que nous pensions être une catastrophe environnementale locale s’est avéré faire partie d’un problème plus vaste affectant notre pays, l’Europe et le monde entier.Confronté à ce problème longtemps mis sous le tapis en France, j’ai immédiatement interpellé le gouvernement. Je remercie le ministre Christophe Béchu, qui s’est saisi du sujet. Il m’a confié une mission gouvernementale qui a débouché sur la publication d’un rapport. Le problème posé par les Pfas étant complexe, il s’agissait d’abord de rassembler les connaissances scientifiques disponibles, qu’elles relèvent du domaine de la chimie, de la toxicologie ou de la biosurveillance. Nous avons aussi fait le point sur l’état des pollutions en France, sur ce qu’il était nécessaire de faire afin de stopper les rejets et surtout de régler la question de la pollution historique.Grâce au gouvernement et à ce rapport, la France a rejoint le groupe de cinq pays qui ont permis la restriction de l’usage des Pfas par le règlement Reach. Dans le cadre du Conseil de l’Europe, le gouvernement a soutenu l’interdiction des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires. Il a aussi lancé un plan interministériel contre les Pfas.Nombre des recommandations préconisées dans mon rapport ont été reprises par Nicolas Thierry, que je remercie pour cette proposition de loi ; ce texte représente une avancée, même s’il n’est qu’une première pierre. Je rends également hommage à mes collègues du groupe Les Démocrates, Jimmy Pahun et Philippe Bolo, qui s’intéressent aussi à ces questions. Fidèle à son engagement de longue date, le groupe Les Démocrates soutient sans réserve cette proposition de loi.Il faut rappeler que les Pfas commencent à être utilisés avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, pour améliorer la résistance des sous-marins, puis qu’ils sont employés dans la fabrication de la bombe atomique. Ces substances, créées par l’homme, se sont ensuite largement diffusées dans la fabrication de produits de consommation courante, sans aucun contrôle.Ce que nous souhaitons donc, c’est envoyer un message clair aux industriels pour qu’ils en restreignent l’usage, en même temps qu’un message à l’Europe, indiquant que la France est prête et qu’il faut accélérer la réflexion par le biais du règlement Reach. À mes yeux en effet, la solution ne peut être qu’européenne.D’autres défis nous attendent car, si nous avons progressé sur la pollution de l’eau, grâce à une métrologie plus fine, nous n’en savons pas encore suffisamment sur les rejets atmosphériques, sources d’une pollution largement méconnue et encore sous-estimée.Interdire l’usage superflu des Pfas, ainsi que le propose cette proposition de loi, est une bonne chose, mais un véritable contrôle aux frontières s’impose, pour éviter que le marché européen ne soit inondé par des produits contaminés.Le combat contre les Pfas est loin d’être terminé. Je fais souvent le parallèle entre les Pfas et la radioactivité. La radioactivité existe dans la nature, ce qui ne nous empêche pas de contrôler la filière nucléaire ; les Pfas, eux, n’existent pas à l’état naturel mais ont été largement diffusés : cela plaide pour la création d’une filière Pfas, afin de contrôler leur production et leur devenir.Nous avons une responsabilité, celle de protéger durablement notre environnement et la santé de nos concitoyens. Ce texte n’est pas une conclusion mais un point de départ. À nous de poursuivre le travail engagé.Le groupe Démocrates soutiendra évidemment cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – Mme Danielle Simonnet applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
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   "last_order": 92,
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639729",
   "case": "pfas",
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   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a trois ans, une pollution massive aux Pfas, ces polluants éternels qui résistent à tout et menacent notre santé et nos écosystèmes, a été découverte dans ma circonscription, à Oullins-Pierre-Bénite, au sud de la métropole lyonnaise. Qu’il me soit permis de rendre hommage à l’équipe de journalistes de « Vert de rage ».Ce que nous pensions être une catastrophe environnementale locale s’est avéré faire partie d’un problème plus vaste affectant notre pays, l’Europe et le monde entier.Confronté à ce problème longtemps mis sous le tapis en France, j’ai immédiatement interpellé le gouvernement. Je remercie le ministre [PERSONNE], qui s’est saisi du sujet. Il m’a confié une mission gouvernementale qui a débouché sur la publication d’un rapport. Le problème posé par les Pfas étant complexe, il s’agissait d’abord de rassembler les connaissances scientifiques disponibles, qu’elles relèvent du domaine de la chimie, de la toxicologie ou de la biosurveillance. Nous avons aussi fait le point sur l’état des pollutions en France, sur ce qu’il était nécessaire de faire afin de stopper les rejets et surtout de régler la question de la pollution historique.Grâce au gouvernement et à ce rapport, la France a rejoint le groupe de cinq pays qui ont permis la restriction de l’usage des Pfas par le règlement Reach. Dans le cadre du Conseil de l’Europe, le gouvernement a soutenu l’interdiction des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires. Il a aussi lancé un plan interministériel contre les Pfas.Nombre des recommandations préconisées dans mon rapport ont été reprises par [PERSONNE], que je remercie pour cette proposition de loi ; ce texte représente une avancée, même s’il n’est qu’une première pierre. Je rends également hommage à mes collègues du groupe [GROUPE], [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], qui s’intéressent aussi à ces questions. Fidèle à son engagement de longue date, le groupe [GROUPE] soutient sans réserve cette proposition de loi.Il faut rappeler que les Pfas commencent à être utilisés avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, pour améliorer la résistance des sous-marins, puis qu’ils sont employés dans la fabrication de la bombe atomique. Ces substances, créées par l’homme, se sont ensuite largement diffusées dans la fabrication de produits de consommation courante, sans aucun contrôle.Ce que nous souhaitons donc, c’est envoyer un message clair aux industriels pour qu’ils en restreignent l’usage, en même temps qu’un message à l’Europe, indiquant que la France est prête et qu’il faut accélérer la réflexion par le biais du règlement Reach. À mes yeux en effet, la solution ne peut être qu’européenne.D’autres défis nous attendent car, si nous avons progressé sur la pollution de l’eau, grâce à une métrologie plus fine, nous n’en savons pas encore suffisamment sur les rejets atmosphériques, sources d’une pollution largement méconnue et encore sous-estimée.Interdire l’usage superflu des Pfas, ainsi que le propose cette proposition de loi, est une bonne chose, mais un véritable contrôle aux frontières s’impose, pour éviter que le marché européen ne soit inondé par des produits contaminés.Le combat contre les Pfas est loin d’être terminé. Je fais souvent le parallèle entre les Pfas et la radioactivité. La radioactivité existe dans la nature, ce qui ne nous empêche pas de contrôler la filière nucléaire ; les Pfas, eux, n’existent pas à l’état naturel mais ont été largement diffusés : cela plaide pour la création d’une filière Pfas, afin de contrôler leur production et leur devenir.Nous avons une responsabilité, celle de protéger durablement notre environnement et la santé de nos concitoyens. Ce texte n’est pas une conclusion mais un point de départ. À nous de poursuivre le travail engagé.Le groupe Démocrates soutiendra évidemment cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640036",
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   "order": 105,
   "text": "Au nom du groupe Horizons & indépendants, je tiens à saluer le travail précis et les échanges précieux et constructifs que nous avons pu avoir avec M. le rapporteur, sur un sujet aussi important que les Pfas.Nous avons rappelé à de nombreuses reprises l’importance de légiférer sur ces polluants éternels, soupçonnés d’être des perturbateurs endocriniens, d’être cancérogènes, de favoriser l’obésité et le diabète, d’affecter la fertilité ou le développement du fœtus…Nous souhaitons saluer le travail considérable en cours à l’échelle européenne, mais il n’est plus temps d’attendre. Nous devons désormais nous saisir de ce sujet, essentiel et urgent pour la préservation de notre santé et de notre environnement. Ce sont tous les enjeux de l’initiative One Health, « une seule santé », car le caractère persistant des Pfas se traduit par une exposition de tous les milieux qui affecte tant les hommes que les animaux et les écosystèmes.Je tiens à saluer le travail engagé par Christophe Béchu, alors ministre de la transition écologique, qui avait présenté un plan d’action ministériel pour la période 2023-2027. Cette surveillance des milieux a permis d’accélérer les avancées scientifiques pour trouver des solutions de substitution et faciliter l’accès à l’information des citoyens.Le texte, tel que travaillé en première lecture par nos deux assemblées, confirme la volonté de réduire les sources d’exposition aux Pfas et les risques sanitaires associés, en prévoyant notamment des interdictions de mise sur le marché dès 2026 pour des produits comme les cosmétiques, les farts, la plupart des textiles d’habillement et de chaussures.Lors de cette première lecture nous sommes parvenus à un consensus maintenant l’équilibre entre notre obligation de supprimer les risques sanitaires et la nécessité économique de laisser aux industries le temps de trouver des solutions de substitution garantissant leur pérennité.Horizons confirme son souhait d’une interdiction, déjà votée à deux reprises, harmonisée et coordonnée à l’échelle européenne, de l’ensemble des substances, hormis les dérogations proportionnées qui ont été reprises par nos collègues sénateurs.Réduire la pollution par les Pfas en France nécessite une combinaison de stratégies à différents niveaux, allant de la régulation stricte à des efforts de prévention et de nettoyage.Force est de constater que les négociations européennes ont pris du retard sur le sujet, quand bien même le travail de consultation continue, notamment via l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (AEPC). C’est pourquoi, en tant que législateur, il nous incombe d’agir sans attendre plus longtemps et d’envoyer ainsi un signal à nos partenaires européens.Nous soutenons également l’introduction par les sénateurs d’un amendement qui prévoit que les interdictions prévues dans cette proposition de loi soient soumises au régime de contrôle et de sanctions prévu par le règlement Reach, de manière à harmoniser la réglementation à l’échelle européenne.De même, nous soutenons les politiques visant à mobiliser les connaissances scientifiques et la R&D – recherche et développement – des industries, pour trouver des substituts aux Pfas, quand bien même tous ne présenteraient pas le même risque pour la santé.Enfin, nous ne pouvons que soutenir le renforcement des contrôles sur l’eau potable et la mise en place, prévue par cette proposition de loi, d’une trajectoire nationale visant à réduire les rejets de Pfas par les installations industrielles, en amont de leur interdiction.En tant que présidente du groupe santé environnement (GSE) du plan national santé environnement, j’appelle votre attention sur cette pollution de l’eau mais aussi sur celle des sols et de l’air : il ne faut pas les négliger, et nous allons devoir nous y atteler. À cet égard, la question de la qualité de l’air a fait l’objet d’avancées scientifiques qu’il conviendra de prendre en compte.J’appelle également votre attention, comme j’avais déjà pu le faire lors de la première lecture, sur le coût de la dépollution, qui ne pourra pas être supporté par les seules collectivités territoriales. À l’heure où les collectivités sont déjà touchées par le projet de loi de finances pour 2025, il nous appartient de nous en assurer.En cela, la mise en place d’un principe de pollueur-payeur pour les pollutions aux Pfas, tant en amont de leur intégration dans les produits qu’en aval dans les rejets, constitue un signal important pour la prise en charge de l’impact de ces pollutions.Encore une fois, nous pensons que le sujet doit être notamment traité à l’échelle européenne, comme a pu le préciser dans son rapport notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille.Cette proposition de loi est une première étape. Elle permet d’envoyer un message fort en faveur de la santé et de l’environnement, mais elle nous invite surtout à aller plus loin et à faire encore mieux. C’est pourquoi, le groupe Horizons & indépendants est favorable à un vote conforme de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et Dem. – M. Vincent Descoeur applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 105,
   "amendments": [],
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   "direct": true,
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   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 781,
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILMPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au nom du groupe [GROUPE], je tiens à saluer le travail précis et les échanges précieux et constructifs que nous avons pu avoir avec M. le rapporteur, sur un sujet aussi important que les Pfas.Nous avons rappelé à de nombreuses reprises l’importance de légiférer sur ces polluants éternels, soupçonnés d’être des perturbateurs endocriniens, d’être cancérogènes, de favoriser l’obésité et le diabète, d’affecter la fertilité ou le développement du fœtus…Nous souhaitons saluer le travail considérable en cours à l’échelle européenne, mais il n’est plus temps d’attendre. Nous devons désormais nous saisir de ce sujet, essentiel et urgent pour la préservation de notre santé et de notre environnement. Ce sont tous les enjeux de l’initiative One Health, « une seule santé », car le caractère persistant des Pfas se traduit par une exposition de tous les milieux qui affecte tant les hommes que les animaux et les écosystèmes.Je tiens à saluer le travail engagé par [PERSONNE], alors ministre de la transition écologique, qui avait présenté un plan d’action ministériel pour la période 2023-2027. Cette surveillance des milieux a permis d’accélérer les avancées scientifiques pour trouver des solutions de substitution et faciliter l’accès à l’information des citoyens.Le texte, tel que travaillé en première lecture par nos deux assemblées, confirme la volonté de réduire les sources d’exposition aux Pfas et les risques sanitaires associés, en prévoyant notamment des interdictions de mise sur le marché dès 2026 pour des produits comme les cosmétiques, les farts, la plupart des textiles d’habillement et de chaussures.Lors de cette première lecture nous sommes parvenus à un consensus maintenant l’équilibre entre notre obligation de supprimer les risques sanitaires et la nécessité économique de laisser aux industries le temps de trouver des solutions de substitution garantissant leur pérennité.Horizons confirme son souhait d’une interdiction, déjà votée à deux reprises, harmonisée et coordonnée à l’échelle européenne, de l’ensemble des substances, hormis les dérogations proportionnées qui ont été reprises par nos collègues sénateurs.Réduire la pollution par les Pfas en France nécessite une combinaison de stratégies à différents niveaux, allant de la régulation stricte à des efforts de prévention et de nettoyage.Force est de constater que les négociations européennes ont pris du retard sur le sujet, quand bien même le travail de consultation continue, notamment via l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (AEPC). C’est pourquoi, en tant que législateur, il nous incombe d’agir sans attendre plus longtemps et d’envoyer ainsi un signal à nos partenaires européens.Nous soutenons également l’introduction par les sénateurs d’un amendement qui prévoit que les interdictions prévues dans cette proposition de loi soient soumises au régime de contrôle et de sanctions prévu par le règlement Reach, de manière à harmoniser la réglementation à l’échelle européenne.De même, nous soutenons les politiques visant à mobiliser les connaissances scientifiques et la R&D – recherche et développement – des industries, pour trouver des substituts aux Pfas, quand bien même tous ne présenteraient pas le même risque pour la santé.Enfin, nous ne pouvons que soutenir le renforcement des contrôles sur l’eau potable et la mise en place, prévue par cette proposition de loi, d’une trajectoire nationale visant à réduire les rejets de Pfas par les installations industrielles, en amont de leur interdiction.En tant que présidente du groupe santé environnement (GSE) du plan national santé environnement, j’appelle votre attention sur cette pollution de l’eau mais aussi sur celle des sols et de l’air : il ne faut pas les négliger, et nous allons devoir nous y atteler. À cet égard, la question de la qualité de l’air a fait l’objet d’avancées scientifiques qu’il conviendra de prendre en compte.J’appelle également votre attention, comme j’avais déjà pu le faire lors de la première lecture, sur le coût de la dépollution, qui ne pourra pas être supporté par les seules collectivités territoriales. À l’heure où les collectivités sont déjà touchées par le projet de loi de finances pour 2025, il nous appartient de nous en assurer.En cela, la mise en place d’un principe de pollueur-payeur pour les pollutions aux Pfas, tant en amont de leur intégration dans les produits qu’en aval dans les rejets, constitue un signal important pour la prise en charge de l’impact de ces pollutions.Encore une fois, nous pensons que le sujet doit être notamment traité à l’échelle européenne, comme a pu le préciser dans son rapport notre collègue [PERSONNE].Cette proposition de loi est une première étape. Elle permet d’envoyer un message fort en faveur de la santé et de l’environnement, mais elle nous invite surtout à aller plus loin et à faire encore mieux. C’est pourquoi, le groupe [GROUPE] est favorable à un vote conforme de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640054",
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   "order": 123,
   "text": "Il ne se passe plus désormais un mois sans qu’une nouvelle alerte sur l’ampleur de la pollution de notre environnement par les Pfas, tant en France qu’en Europe, nous alarme. Les éléments chiffrés que nous avons en notre possession donnent le vertige, tant l’ampleur de la contamination par cette famille de plus 10 000 produits chimiques de synthèse employés dans l’industrie, notamment dans la fabrication de produits de consommation, depuis des années est massive, partout en Europe.Longtemps sous-estimées, les Pfas – plus personne ne l’ignore désormais – sont une source de pollution majeure de ce qui est essentiel à l’être humain : l’eau et la nature. En l’état actuel de nos connaissances scientifiques, la liste des maladies reliées à une exposition à certaines de ces Pfas ne cesse de s’allonger : cancers, infertilité, toxicité pour le rein, le foie ou encore le système immunitaire.Aussi cette journée marquera-t-elle une étape importante pour le Parlement, qui reprend des travaux entamés sous la XVIe législature. Notre assemblée confirme par là sa volonté d’affirmer l’impérieuse nécessité d’encadrer et d’appliquer à ces molécules chimiques le principe de précaution, afin de préserver la santé de nos concitoyens.Plusieurs groupes parlementaires ont commencé des travaux dont le groupe LIOT. Je veux saluer le travail de Jimmy Pahun, de Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et, bien entendu, celui de Nicolas Thierry, que je remercie très sincèrement pour le travail nourri qu’il a fourni depuis plusieurs mois.",
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   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne se passe plus désormais un mois sans qu’une nouvelle alerte sur l’ampleur de la pollution de notre environnement par les Pfas, tant en France qu’en Europe, nous alarme. Les éléments chiffrés que nous avons en notre possession donnent le vertige, tant l’ampleur de la contamination par cette famille de plus 10 000 produits chimiques de synthèse employés dans l’industrie, notamment dans la fabrication de produits de consommation, depuis des années est massive, partout en Europe.Longtemps sous-estimées, les Pfas – plus personne ne l’ignore désormais – sont une source de pollution majeure de ce qui est essentiel à l’être humain : l’eau et la nature. En l’état actuel de nos connaissances scientifiques, la liste des maladies reliées à une exposition à certaines de ces Pfas ne cesse de s’allonger : cancers, infertilité, toxicité pour le rein, le foie ou encore le système immunitaire.Aussi cette journée marquera-t-elle une étape importante pour le Parlement, qui reprend des travaux entamés sous la XVIe législature. Notre assemblée confirme par là sa volonté d’affirmer l’impérieuse nécessité d’encadrer et d’appliquer à ces molécules chimiques le principe de précaution, afin de préserver la santé de nos concitoyens.Plusieurs groupes parlementaires ont commencé des travaux dont le groupe LIOT. Je veux saluer le travail de [PERSONNE], de [PERSONNE] et, bien entendu, celui de [PERSONNE], que je remercie très sincèrement pour le travail nourri qu’il a fourni depuis plusieurs mois."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640059",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640059"
   ],
   "order": 128,
   "text": "Cette convergence des préoccupations aboutit aujourd’hui à une forme de consensus sur la proposition de loi que ce dernier nous présente dans le cadre de la niche écologiste.À ce jour, la réglementation concernant les Pfas, qu’elle soit européenne ou nationale, est ciblée sur quelques substances, le PFOA et le PFOS. Les interdictions au niveau européen n’interviendront pas avant 2027 ou 2028... si elles aboutissent.En juin 2024, le groupe LIOT avait proposé dans sa niche parlementaire un premier volet de mesures : l’interdiction de l’utilisation des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires et la mise en place de normes de rejet industriel. Depuis, notre proposition d’interdire les Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires a été votée au Parlement européen, mais d’autres sujets restent à traiter.Aussi, nous partageons la volonté des écologistes de mener une action plus rapide pour protéger les citoyens français et leur environnement. Certes, le texte présenté aujourd’hui peut nous paraître éloigné d’un objectif initial plus ambitieux, mais nous saluons la volonté de compromis de notre collègue Nicolas Thierry. Car la proposition de loi comporte des mesures utiles, qui peuvent être prises dans le cadre de nos connaissances scientifiques actuelles.Elle propose ainsi un calendrier d’interdiction de l’utilisation des Pfas dans certains produits, comme le fart, les cosmétiques et certains textiles, pour lesquels il existe des solutions de substitution.À cela s’ajoutent des mesures de réduction de la pollution à la source, par la mise en place de normes de rejet industriel. C’est une démarche nécessaire pour éviter que nos sols et nos eaux, déjà contaminés, continuent de voir ces substances s’accumuler. Quant à l’ajout des Pfas à la liste des substances assujetties à la redevance pour pollution de l’eau, il constitue une première étape vers un financement plus large de la dépollution.Nous avons certes des regrets quant à la portée de ces mesures, d’une part, parce que la proposition de loi telle qu’issue du Sénat renvoie une grande partie des mesures à des décrets et ménage autant de voies de sortie pour les industriels, d’autre part, parce qu’elle ne concerne qu’un nombre très limité d’usages, qu’il conviendra d’élargir en travaillant avec les industriels concernés.Ce travail doit notamment être mené sur la détermination des usages réellement « essentiels » de ces substances polluantes, usages indispensables à la santé, à la sécurité ou au fonctionnement de la société, contrairement à d’autres, qui pourraient être arrêtés dès maintenant.Des travaux de recherche et de développement approfondis sont menés par les scientifiques de par le monde, en vue de trouver des solutions de remplacement. Il faut encourager ces recherches, en incitant plus fortement les industriels à y participer.Dans l’optique d’aboutir à une adoption conforme de la proposition de loi, notre groupe s’est volontairement abstenu de déposer des amendements. Car, même amoindri, ce texte reste une étape importante et symbolique, et nous voterons en sa faveur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe LIOT, SOC, EcoS et Dem. – MM. Édouard Bénard et M. Anthony Brosse applaudissent également)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 128,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640059",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 489,
   "annotation_id": "Nae452856e479",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cette convergence des préoccupations aboutit aujourd’hui à une forme de consensus sur la proposition de loi que ce dernier nous présente dans le cadre de la niche [GROUPE].À ce jour, la réglementation concernant les Pfas, qu’elle soit européenne ou nationale, est ciblée sur quelques substances, le PFOA et le PFOS. Les interdictions au niveau européen n’interviendront pas avant 2027 ou 2028... si elles aboutissent.En juin 2024, le groupe LIOT avait proposé dans sa niche parlementaire un premier volet de mesures : l’interdiction de l’utilisation des Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires et la mise en place de normes de rejet industriel. Depuis, notre proposition d’interdire les Pfas dans les emballages alimentaires a été votée au Parlement européen, mais d’autres sujets restent à traiter.Aussi, nous partageons la volonté des écologistes de mener une action plus rapide pour protéger les citoyens français et leur environnement. Certes, le texte présenté aujourd’hui peut nous paraître éloigné d’un objectif initial plus ambitieux, mais nous saluons la volonté de compromis de notre collègue [PERSONNE]. Car la proposition de loi comporte des mesures utiles, qui peuvent être prises dans le cadre de nos connaissances scientifiques actuelles.Elle propose ainsi un calendrier d’interdiction de l’utilisation des Pfas dans certains produits, comme le fart, les cosmétiques et certains textiles, pour lesquels il existe des solutions de substitution.À cela s’ajoutent des mesures de réduction de la pollution à la source, par la mise en place de normes de rejet industriel. C’est une démarche nécessaire pour éviter que nos sols et nos eaux, déjà contaminés, continuent de voir ces substances s’accumuler. Quant à l’ajout des Pfas à la liste des substances assujetties à la redevance pour pollution de l’eau, il constitue une première étape vers un financement plus large de la dépollution.Nous avons certes des regrets quant à la portée de ces mesures, d’une part, parce que la proposition de loi telle qu’issue du Sénat renvoie une grande partie des mesures à des décrets et ménage autant de voies de sortie pour les industriels, d’autre part, parce qu’elle ne concerne qu’un nombre très limité d’usages, qu’il conviendra d’élargir en travaillant avec les industriels concernés.Ce travail doit notamment être mené sur la détermination des usages réellement « essentiels » de ces substances polluantes, usages indispensables à la santé, à la sécurité ou au fonctionnement de la société, contrairement à d’autres, qui pourraient être arrêtés dès maintenant.Des travaux de recherche et de développement approfondis sont menés par les scientifiques de par le monde, en vue de trouver des solutions de remplacement. Il faut encourager ces recherches, en incitant plus fortement les industriels à y participer.Dans l’optique d’aboutir à une adoption conforme de la proposition de loi, notre groupe s’est volontairement abstenu de déposer des amendements. Car, même amoindri, ce texte reste une étape importante et symbolique, et nous voterons en sa faveur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe LIOT, [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Dem. – MM. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA796106",
   "speaker": "Édouard Bénard",
   "quality": "M. Édouard Bénard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640070",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640070"
   ],
   "order": 139,
   "text": "Nous tenons tout d’abord à remercier le rapporteur Nicolas Thierry et nos collègues du groupe écologiste de proposer aujourd’hui, avec ce texte, que la France prenne enfin les devants en Europe dans la lutte contre les Pfas.Largement utilisée depuis les années cinquante dans une grande diversité de produits de consommation courante, cette grande famille de substances représente une menace réelle pour la santé humaine et pour l’environnement. Ces polluants éternels se sont accumulés partout, dans l’air que nous respirons, dans l’eau que nous consommons, dans nos aliments, dans les sols…La première certitude est leur niveau de toxicité. La connaissance scientifique, encore partielle, progresse rapidement, et ses conclusions sont sans appel : les liens avec une série de pathologies graves sont désormais bien documentés. Responsables de cancers des testicules et du rein, d’affections du foie, de maladies thyroïdiennes, les Pfas sont encore suspectés d’être impliqués dans le développement d’autres affections telles que le cancer du sein, le diabète, l’endométriose ou la puberté précoce.La seconde certitude est que l’ensemble de la population française y est exposée à des niveaux variables. Nous devrons attendre les résultats de la nouvelle étude en cours, mais l’étude Esteban publiée en 2019 par Santé publique France a montré que, sur dix-sept Pfas, sept étaient régulièrement quantifiés chez les adultes et six chez les enfants. Le PFOA et le PFOS sont, quant à eux, présents chez tous les adultes et tous les enfants, à des niveaux qui varient selon le sexe, l’âge, la consommation de poisson et de produits de la mer, de légumes, l’utilisation de produits ou matériaux pendant les travaux de loisirs ou de bricolage…Avec l’émission de quelque 75 000 tonnes en Europe en 2020 et une production moyenne d’environ 49 millions de tonnes sur trente ans, nous sommes devant un fléau sanitaire absolument majeur.La réglementation européenne avance, prudemment, timidement, mais reste balbutiante.De lourdes incertitudes pèsent de surcroît sur le processus de restriction universelle, défendu par plusieurs pays européens. Nos propres lacunes réglementaires sont béantes ; elles appellent une réponse d’urgence.C’est l’ambition évidemment de ce texte qui, nous en sommes tous d’accord à la gauche de cet hémicycle, ne va pas assez loin. Nos débats en première lecture l’ont appauvri, mais les débats au Sénat ont permis d’aboutir à une rédaction dont nous ne pouvons sous-estimer la portée : interdiction, à partir du 1er janvier 2026, de la mise sur le marché des produits cosmétiques et textiles contenant des Pfas, assortie d’un régime équilibré d’exception ; mesures de contrôle sanitaire de la qualité des eaux potables ; définition d’une trajectoire nationale de réduction des rejets aqueux de Pfas des installations industrielles, qui fixe un horizon de cinq ans pour la fin des rejets industriels ; définition d’un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine ; mise en place d’une redevance sur les Pfas dans la logique incontournable du principe pollueur-payeur – entre autres. Toutes ces mesures sont certes le fruit d’un compromis, mais d’un compromis qui fait œuvre utile, car notre pays doit impérativement prendre ses responsabilités.Comme l’a souligné avec raison M. le rapporteur, nous pouvons comparer la pollution liée aux Pfas aux scandales du chlordécone et de l’amiante. C’est pourquoi nous demeurons convaincus qu’il faudra, à compter de l’adoption de cette proposition de loi, acter très rapidement de nouvelles avancées pour les travailleurs, trop longtemps exposés dans un silence orchestré, et pour nos populations, comme celle de l’agglomération rouennaise qui découvrait, il y a quelques jours, grâce aux associations de consommateurs, une nouvelle contamination massive de ses eaux.Ce texte met enfin un pied dans la porte. Il ouvre la voie à de nouvelles évolutions législatives concernant les dossiers prioritaires de la gestion des pollutions historiques, de la protection des salariés ou encore des rejets aériens. Nous voterons donc avec la même conviction qu’en première lecture ce texte, dont l’adoption définitive honorera le Parlement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 139,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640070",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 656,
   "annotation_id": "Nfd69267d52fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELMPQST",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous tenons tout d’abord à remercier le rapporteur [PERSONNE] et nos collègues du groupe [GROUPE] de proposer aujourd’hui, avec ce texte, que la France prenne enfin les devants en Europe dans la lutte contre les Pfas.Largement utilisée depuis les années cinquante dans une grande diversité de produits de consommation courante, cette grande famille de substances représente une menace réelle pour la santé humaine et pour l’environnement. Ces polluants éternels se sont accumulés partout, dans l’air que nous respirons, dans l’eau que nous consommons, dans nos aliments, dans les sols…La première certitude est leur niveau de toxicité. La connaissance scientifique, encore partielle, progresse rapidement, et ses conclusions sont sans appel : les liens avec une série de pathologies graves sont désormais bien documentés. Responsables de cancers des testicules et du rein, d’affections du foie, de maladies thyroïdiennes, les Pfas sont encore suspectés d’être impliqués dans le développement d’autres affections telles que le cancer du sein, le diabète, l’endométriose ou la puberté précoce.La seconde certitude est que l’ensemble de la population française y est exposée à des niveaux variables. Nous devrons attendre les résultats de la nouvelle étude en cours, mais l’étude Esteban publiée en 2019 par Santé publique France a montré que, sur dix-sept Pfas, sept étaient régulièrement quantifiés chez les adultes et six chez les enfants. Le PFOA et le PFOS sont, quant à eux, présents chez tous les adultes et tous les enfants, à des niveaux qui varient selon le sexe, l’âge, la consommation de poisson et de produits de la mer, de légumes, l’utilisation de produits ou matériaux pendant les travaux de loisirs ou de bricolage…Avec l’émission de quelque 75 000 tonnes en Europe en 2020 et une production moyenne d’environ 49 millions de tonnes sur trente ans, nous sommes devant un fléau sanitaire absolument majeur.La réglementation européenne avance, prudemment, timidement, mais reste balbutiante.De lourdes incertitudes pèsent de surcroît sur le processus de restriction universelle, défendu par plusieurs pays européens. Nos propres lacunes réglementaires sont béantes ; elles appellent une réponse d’urgence.C’est l’ambition évidemment de ce texte qui, nous en sommes tous d’accord à la gauche de cet hémicycle, ne va pas assez loin. Nos débats en première lecture l’ont appauvri, mais les débats au Sénat ont permis d’aboutir à une rédaction dont nous ne pouvons sous-estimer la portée : interdiction, à partir du 1er janvier 2026, de la mise sur le marché des produits cosmétiques et textiles contenant des Pfas, assortie d’un régime équilibré d’exception ; mesures de contrôle sanitaire de la qualité des eaux potables ; définition d’une trajectoire nationale de réduction des rejets aqueux de Pfas des installations industrielles, qui fixe un horizon de cinq ans pour la fin des rejets industriels ; définition d’un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine ; mise en place d’une redevance sur les Pfas dans la logique incontournable du principe pollueur-payeur – entre autres. Toutes ces mesures sont certes le fruit d’un compromis, mais d’un compromis qui fait œuvre utile, car notre pays doit impérativement prendre ses responsabilités.Comme l’a souligné avec raison M. le rapporteur, nous pouvons comparer la pollution liée aux Pfas aux scandales du chlordécone et de l’amiante. C’est pourquoi nous demeurons convaincus qu’il faudra, à compter de l’adoption de cette proposition de loi, acter très rapidement de nouvelles avancées pour les travailleurs, trop longtemps exposés dans un silence orchestré, et pour nos populations, comme celle de l’agglomération rouennaise qui découvrait, il y a quelques jours, grâce aux associations de consommateurs, une nouvelle contamination massive de ses eaux.Ce texte met enfin un pied dans la porte. Il ouvre la voie à de nouvelles évolutions législatives concernant les dossiers prioritaires de la gestion des pollutions historiques, de la protection des salariés ou encore des rejets aériens. Nous voterons donc avec la même conviction qu’en première lecture ce texte, dont l’adoption définitive honorera le Parlement. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639186",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639186"
   ],
   "order": 150,
   "text": "Nous nous inquiétons de l’empressement que mettent nos collègues de gauche et d’extrême gauche à produire des lois et des répercussions d’un tel texte sur notre souveraineté industrielle. (« Oh là là ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 150,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639186",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N78e2930e232c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous inquiétons de l’empressement que mettent nos collègues de gauche et d’extrême gauche à produire des lois et des répercussions d’un tel texte sur notre souveraineté industrielle. (« Oh là là ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639190",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639190"
   ],
   "order": 152,
   "text": "La prise en considération des enjeux de santé ne doit pas se faire au détriment de l’emploi, de la structuration de nos territoires et de nos fleurons industriels, qui sont pleinement conscients de la situation et des enjeux des Pfas pour la santé. Ce ne sont ni des pollueurs ni des empoisonneurs. Par ailleurs, ils sont déjà soumis au calendrier imposé par l’Union européenne d’ici à 2028, ainsi qu’au règlement Reach. Certains de nos amendements visent à contribuer à une mise en cohérence du calendrier à l’échelle européenne.Cette proposition de loi anticipe l’évolution de la réglementation européenne et…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 152,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639190",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 98,
   "annotation_id": "N1411490dd527",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La prise en considération des enjeux de santé ne doit pas se faire au détriment de l’emploi, de la structuration de nos territoires et de nos fleurons industriels, qui sont pleinement conscients de la situation et des enjeux des Pfas pour la santé. Ce ne sont ni des pollueurs ni des empoisonneurs. Par ailleurs, ils sont déjà soumis au calendrier imposé par l’Union européenne d’ici à 2028, ainsi qu’au règlement Reach. Certains de nos amendements visent à contribuer à une mise en cohérence du calendrier à l’échelle européenne.Cette proposition de loi anticipe l’évolution de la réglementation européenne et…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639195",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639195"
   ],
   "order": 157,
   "text": "Je tiens à évoquer avec vous la situation de l’entreprise Tefal, qui se situe dans ma circonscription et qui compte 3 000 salariés en France : elle emploie 1 800 personnes en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, dont 300 à Tournus.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 157,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639195",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N445af0c1b184",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à évoquer avec vous la situation de l’entreprise Tefal, qui se situe dans ma circonscription et qui compte 3 000 salariés en France : elle emploie 1 800 personnes en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, dont 300 à Tournus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639198",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639198"
   ],
   "order": 160,
   "text": "C’est un fleuron de notre industrie nationale et un poumon économique pour toute la région. Grâce à l’engagement acharné des parlementaires à l’Assemblée, puis au Sénat, l’entreprise est finalement épargnée par le texte, les ustensiles de cuisson ayant été retirés du champ d’application de la proposition de loi. Nous avons évité le pire pour Tefal et ses 1 800 salariés, ainsi que pour notre territoire. Sachez que nous serons particulièrement vigilants quant à l’application de la proposition de loi et de ses dispositions.Il est nécessaire de laisser du temps aux entreprises pour s’adapter dans un contexte déjà tourmenté et pour trouver une solution durable. La précipitation ne peut que détruire l’emploi et nuire durablement à notre souveraineté industrielle.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 160,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639198",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "Nbf59981ead39",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un fleuron de notre industrie nationale et un poumon économique pour toute la région. Grâce à l’engagement acharné des parlementaires à l’Assemblée, puis au Sénat, l’entreprise est finalement épargnée par le texte, les ustensiles de cuisson ayant été retirés du champ d’application de la proposition de loi. Nous avons évité le pire pour Tefal et ses 1 800 salariés, ainsi que pour notre territoire. Sachez que nous serons particulièrement vigilants quant à l’application de la proposition de loi et de ses dispositions.Il est nécessaire de laisser du temps aux entreprises pour s’adapter dans un contexte déjà tourmenté et pour trouver une solution durable. La précipitation ne peut que détruire l’emploi et nuire durablement à notre souveraineté industrielle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639202",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639202"
   ],
   "order": 163,
   "text": "L’inflation réglementaire, couplée à un calendrier accéléré et déconnecté de la réalité de terrain, inquiète à juste titre les professionnels – alors même que le président de la République parle de réindustrialiser la France. Nous devons faire confiance à nos entreprises et à nos entrepreneurs pour trouver des solutions de développement durable.La proposition de loi ne propose pas de classement des substances en fonction de leur dangerosité et les traite d’un seul bloc. En rejetant l’ensemble des Pfas, on oublie que certains sont utilisés dans des dispositifs médicaux : stents, prothèses médicales, pacemakers, etc. On oublie aussi qu’on les retrouve dans les batteries au lithium, dans les éoliennes, ainsi que dans les mousses coupe-feu. On les retrouve dans nombre d’éléments importants. C’est dire l’absurdité de ce texte défendu par la gauche et l’extrême gauche. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 163,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639202",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 143,
   "annotation_id": "N26f608eb555a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’inflation réglementaire, couplée à un calendrier accéléré et déconnecté de la réalité de terrain, inquiète à juste titre les professionnels – alors même que le président de la République parle de réindustrialiser la France. Nous devons faire confiance à nos entreprises et à nos entrepreneurs pour trouver des solutions de développement durable.La proposition de loi ne propose pas de classement des substances en fonction de leur dangerosité et les traite d’un seul bloc. En rejetant l’ensemble des Pfas, on oublie que certains sont utilisés dans des dispositifs médicaux : stents, prothèses médicales, pacemakers, etc. On oublie aussi qu’on les retrouve dans les batteries au lithium, dans les éoliennes, ainsi que dans les mousses coupe-feu. On les retrouve dans nombre d’éléments importants. C’est dire l’absurdité de ce texte défendu par la gauche et l’extrême gauche. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639207",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639207"
   ],
   "order": 166,
   "text": "Au nom d’une vision dogmatique, la proposition de loi contribuera à une destruction massive de nos industries, l’ironie étant que ceux qui souhaitent une interdiction des Pfas iront dans les entreprises en faillite, debout sur les palettes avec leurs complices de la CGT, vociférer leur indignation, apporter leur faux soutien aux salariés et exiger des aides de l’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN.) Ce sont les mêmes qui, au nom du dogme de la voiture électrique, ont sacrifié l’automobile française et s’indignent des fermetures d’usines. Heureusement que la honte ne tue pas ! (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)Une fois de plus, nous soumettrons notre économie à une concurrence déloyale – comme pour nos voitures, comme pour notre agriculture. En interdisant chez nous, nous renforcerons les importations depuis des pays moins regardants en matière environnementale. Finalement, la seule vraie promesse de ce texte est celle d’une casse sociale et industrielle au nom d’une lecture partisane des enjeux sanitaires. C’est également l’assurance d’importations massives de produits parfois toxiques, dont nous serons complices.Si nous ne produisons plus de poêles Tefal à Tournus,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 166,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639207",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 187,
   "annotation_id": "Ne23b80f51e98",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Au nom d’une vision dogmatique, la proposition de loi contribuera à une destruction massive de nos industries, l’ironie étant que ceux qui souhaitent une interdiction des Pfas iront dans les entreprises en faillite, debout sur les palettes avec leurs complices de la CGT, vociférer leur indignation, apporter leur faux soutien aux salariés et exiger des aides de l’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Ce sont les mêmes qui, au nom du dogme de la voiture électrique, ont sacrifié l’automobile française et s’indignent des fermetures d’usines. Heureusement que la honte ne tue pas ! (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Une fois de plus, nous soumettrons notre économie à une concurrence déloyale – comme pour nos voitures, comme pour notre agriculture. En interdisant chez nous, nous renforcerons les importations depuis des pays moins regardants en matière environnementale. Finalement, la seule vraie promesse de ce texte est celle d’une casse sociale et industrielle au nom d’une lecture partisane des enjeux sanitaires. C’est également l’assurance d’importations massives de produits parfois toxiques, dont nous serons complices.Si nous ne produisons plus de poêles Tefal à Tournus,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639219",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639219"
   ],
   "order": 177,
   "text": "…le groupe UDR est pleinement conscient des enjeux de santé publique que soulèvent les Pfas. Nous connaissons les préoccupations des Français, qui sont légitimes, mais nous connaissons également celles de l’industrie, tout aussi légitimes.Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, notre groupe s’abstiendra sur ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDR et RN. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 177,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639219",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "Nbb33074e2446",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…le groupe [GROUPE] est pleinement conscient des enjeux de santé publique que soulèvent les Pfas. Nous connaissons les préoccupations des Français, qui sont légitimes, mais nous connaissons également celles de l’industrie, tout aussi légitimes.Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, notre groupe s’abstiendra sur ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639224"
   ],
   "order": 181,
   "text": "Les Pfas constituent une préoccupation majeure pour nos compatriotes, qui s’inquiètent de leurs conséquences sur la santé publique, mais aussi des menaces qui pèsent sur l’emploi industriel en raison des restrictions imposées aux seules entreprises françaises. Ces contraintes favorisent les délocalisations et affaiblissent notre tissu économique.Il est impératif de soutenir notre industrie, de la préserver d’une réglementation et d’une fiscalité excessive, afin de garantir une production souveraine sur notre territoire.Nous manquons encore de connaissances précises sur les Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 181,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639224",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "N5ad8e9229e0e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les Pfas constituent une préoccupation majeure pour nos compatriotes, qui s’inquiètent de leurs conséquences sur la santé publique, mais aussi des menaces qui pèsent sur l’emploi industriel en raison des restrictions imposées aux seules entreprises françaises. Ces contraintes favorisent les délocalisations et affaiblissent notre tissu économique.Il est impératif de soutenir notre industrie, de la préserver d’une réglementation et d’une fiscalité excessive, afin de garantir une production souveraine sur notre territoire.Nous manquons encore de connaissances précises sur les Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639235",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639235"
   ],
   "order": 192,
   "text": "C’est pourquoi nous proposerons un amendement portant sur les valeurs toxicologiques de référence pour les Pfas.L’une des priorités du Rassemblement national, avec Marine Le Pen, est la réindustrialisation de la France. Nous examinerons donc avec la plus grande attention les mesures de soutien à l’industrie dans le cadre de notre commission d’enquête visant à identifier les freins à la réindustrialisation de la France.Les propositions de loi interdisant les Pfas ont déjà des conséquences dramatiques pour l’emploi et pour notre souveraineté.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 192,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639235",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "N7dbbc56f193e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "C’est pourquoi nous proposerons un amendement portant sur les valeurs toxicologiques de référence pour les Pfas.L’une des priorités du [GROUPE], avec [PERSONNE], est la réindustrialisation de la France. Nous examinerons donc avec la plus grande attention les mesures de soutien à l’industrie dans le cadre de notre commission d’enquête visant à identifier les freins à la réindustrialisation de la France.Les propositions de loi interdisant les Pfas ont déjà des conséquences dramatiques pour l’emploi et pour notre souveraineté."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639239",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639239"
   ],
   "order": 196,
   "text": "Prenons l’exemple du Gard, dans la circonscription de mon collègue Pierre Meurin. Une usine fabriquant des produits contre le cancer y a fermé en raison d’une pression réglementaire croissante. C’était la seule usine d’Europe fabriquant ce produit stratégique pour les médicaments contre le cancer. Désormais, elle est en Chine.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 196,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639239",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "N690fbaf28f02",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Prenons l’exemple du Gard, dans la circonscription de mon collègue [PERSONNE]. Une usine fabriquant des produits contre le cancer y a fermé en raison d’une pression réglementaire croissante. C’était la seule usine d’Europe fabriquant ce produit stratégique pour les médicaments contre le cancer. Désormais, elle est en Chine."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639241",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639241"
   ],
   "order": 198,
   "text": "Même situation en Isère, où une usine qui travaille pour les secteurs de la défense, du spatial et du nucléaire cessera bientôt ses activités. Sa fermeture posera des problèmes d’approvisionnement pour des entreprises stratégiques françaises. Ce site industriel va fermer car il anticipe des normes étouffantes, voulues par l’extrême gauche du Nouveau Front populaire, qui feindra ensuite de soutenir les salariés, malgré sa responsabilité directe dans cette fermeture. Vous imposez des lois qui provoquent la fermeture de nos entreprises pour ensuite prétendre, sans gêne, soutenir les salariés mis au chômage par votre dogmatisme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 198,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639241",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 102,
   "annotation_id": "Needc002ff8bc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Même situation en Isère, où une usine qui travaille pour les secteurs de la défense, du spatial et du nucléaire cessera bientôt ses activités. Sa fermeture posera des problèmes d’approvisionnement pour des entreprises stratégiques françaises. Ce site industriel va fermer car il anticipe des normes étouffantes, voulues par l’extrême gauche du Nouveau Front populaire, qui feindra ensuite de soutenir les salariés, malgré sa responsabilité directe dans cette fermeture. Vous imposez des lois qui provoquent la fermeture de nos entreprises pour ensuite prétendre, sans gêne, soutenir les salariés mis au chômage par votre dogmatisme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639244",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639244"
   ],
   "order": 200,
   "text": "Votre proposition de loi est un leurre, car il est impossible de contrôler la présence de Pfas dans les produits importés, comme nous l’avait confirmé Roland Lescure lorsqu’il était ministre. Comment prétendre instaurer des contrôles douaniers efficaces sur des milliers de conteneurs en provenance d’Asie alors que nous sommes incapables d’identifier l’ensemble des Pfas présents dans ces produits ? Cette proposition de loi entraînera la fermeture de sites industriels français,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 200,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639244",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N7b76b86b3b6c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Votre proposition de loi est un leurre, car il est impossible de contrôler la présence de Pfas dans les produits importés, comme nous l’avait confirmé [PERSONNE] lorsqu’il était ministre. Comment prétendre instaurer des contrôles douaniers efficaces sur des milliers de conteneurs en provenance d’Asie alors que nous sommes incapables d’identifier l’ensemble des Pfas présents dans ces produits ? Cette proposition de loi entraînera la fermeture de sites industriels français,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639254",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639254"
   ],
   "order": 209,
   "text": "L’entreprise délocalisée en Asie sera plus polluante et exportera chez nous des produits de moins bonne qualité. Pensez-vous qu’il est bénéfique que ce site industriel quitte la Haute-Saône pour aller dans un pays asiatique qui impose moins de normes et de contrôles ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 209,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639254",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "Nedbc22863109",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’entreprise délocalisée en Asie sera plus polluante et exportera chez nous des produits de moins bonne qualité. Pensez-vous qu’il est bénéfique que ce site industriel quitte la Haute-Saône pour aller dans un pays asiatique qui impose moins de normes et de contrôles ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639256",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639256"
   ],
   "order": 211,
   "text": "Les élus de gauche, comme Laurent Seguin, président socialiste du conseil départemental de Haute-Saône, soutiennent localement les industriels, tandis que vous voulez détruire l’emploi des ouvriers avec votre volonté d’interdire les Pfas. Tout cela me paraît très hypocrite.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 211,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639256",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "Nae71047d05cb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les élus de gauche, comme Laurent Seguin, président [GROUPE] du conseil départemental de Haute-Saône, soutiennent localement les industriels, tandis que vous voulez détruire l’emploi des ouvriers avec votre volonté d’interdire les Pfas. Tout cela me paraît très hypocrite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639258"
   ],
   "order": 213,
   "text": "La proposition de loi introduit une nouvelle taxe, sous la forme d’une redevance, qui ne pénalisera que les entreprises françaises et offrira un avantage compétitif aux firmes étrangères, aggravant ainsi la concurrence déloyale. Toujours plus de taxes et d’impôts sur les entreprises alors que le gouvernement prétend les soutenir…Cher rapporteur, je veux vous convaincre que le progrès scientifique et technique permettra de réduire l’impact des Pfas sans recourir à des interdictions destructrices pour l’emploi et l’économie.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 213,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639258",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N44fa2904eb83",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition de loi introduit une nouvelle taxe, sous la forme d’une redevance, qui ne pénalisera que les entreprises françaises et offrira un avantage compétitif aux firmes étrangères, aggravant ainsi la concurrence déloyale. Toujours plus de taxes et d’impôts sur les entreprises alors que le gouvernement prétend les soutenir…Cher rapporteur, je veux vous convaincre que le progrès scientifique et technique permettra de réduire l’impact des Pfas sans recourir à des interdictions destructrices pour l’emploi et l’économie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639266"
   ],
   "order": 221,
   "text": "Il est irresponsable d’interdire à nos entreprises d’utiliser les Pfas si nous ne disposons pas de produits de substitution viables et sans danger pour la santé humaine. Certains de ces composés ont des propriétés essentielles de durabilité contre l’obsolescence programmée, de résistance à la chaleur ou au froid, ou encore d’étanchéité. Une interdiction totale priverait nos compatriotes d’une centaine de médicaments indispensables à leur santé.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 221,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639266",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N0cbdb96c8e91",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il est irresponsable d’interdire à nos entreprises d’utiliser les Pfas si nous ne disposons pas de produits de substitution viables et sans danger pour la santé humaine. Certains de ces composés ont des propriétés essentielles de durabilité contre l’obsolescence programmée, de résistance à la chaleur ou au froid, ou encore d’étanchéité. Une interdiction totale priverait nos compatriotes d’une centaine de médicaments indispensables à leur santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639268",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639268"
   ],
   "order": 223,
   "text": "Il est impératif d’adopter une approche mesurée, basée sur la science et la protection de notre économie, plutôt que de céder à des mesures idéologiques aux conséquences désastreuses pour la France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 223,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639268",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N5df1ee0b7a44",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il est impératif d’adopter une approche mesurée, basée sur la science et la protection de notre économie, plutôt que de céder à des mesures idéologiques aux conséquences désastreuses pour la France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794330",
   "speaker": "Anthony Brosse",
   "quality": "M. Anthony Brosse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639271",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639271"
   ],
   "order": 226,
   "text": "Ce texte, que nous examinons pour la dernière fois je l’espère, vise à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées. Sa rédaction, qui a évolué au cours de la navette, n’est pas parfaite. Il ne peut pas être exhaustif tant les Pfas sont nombreuses et disséminées dans de nombreux objets de notre quotidien.La présente proposition de loi marque cependant un premier pas essentiel dans la régulation de l’utilisation de ces polluants dans des secteurs importants à l’image des cosmétiques ou encore des textiles. Je salue la pugnacité du rapporteur et des collègues investis sur le sujet.Les dates d’interdiction ont évolué et les produits concernés ont fait débat, mais nous avons su trouver un consensus entre parlementaires, accepté par les associations de consommateurs et de protection de l’environnement, ainsi que par la majorité des industriels producteurs de Pfas concernés par ces interdictions.Ce dialogue entre différents acteurs et son aboutissement dans la proposition de loi démontrent que nous pouvons avancer tous ensemble vers des solutions concrètes et durables pour notre pays.Certes, les ustensiles de cuisine n’ont pas été retenus dans l’interdiction au 1er janvier 2026. Les entreprises concernées et leurs salariés verront leurs outils de production et leurs emplois préservés. L’évolution de ce secteur, en réponse à un législateur prompt à infléchir la réglementation sur les Pfas, demeure toutefois nécessaire.Dès lors, c’est toute une industrie qui devra consacrer plus de moyens à la recherche, dans l’objectif de trouver de nouveaux composants, moins nocifs pour l’être humain et son environnement. Ce défi est exigeant, mais fondamental ; il sera relevé avec le nécessaire soutien de l’État.Autre point, tout aussi essentiel : la réduction des rejets aqueux et la création d’un plan de financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à notre consommation. De récentes investigations journalistiques ont révélé la vaste contamination de l’environnement par ces polluants éternels – éternels, car la nature ne peut les éliminer par elle-même et parce qu’une action humaine est nécessaire pour les faire disparaître de nos sous-sols, de nos nappes phréatiques et de nos cours d’eau.Si les estimations varient en fonction du degré de contamination supposé, la dépollution, à l’échelle européenne, coûterait plusieurs milliards d’euros et exigerait deux décennies. C’est donc un défi immense qui nous attend et cette proposition de loi a le mérite de commencer à le relever avec ses articles 1er bis, 1er ter et 2. L’Union européenne et la France doivent renforcer leurs moyens de surveillance des Pfas pour mieux mesurer leurs rejets. La proposition de loi vise précisément cet objectif et permettra de maîtriser leur production et leur importation. Ce dernier objectif semble être le plus complexe à atteindre tant le nombre de substances existantes est élevé – près de 15 000 – et les produits importés difficiles à contrôler du fait de la diversité de leur provenance.La récente révision du règlement européen Reach, qui concerne l’enregistrement, l’évaluation et l’autorisation des produits chimiques utilisés en Europe, décidée l’année dernière, démontre la volonté des parlementaires de poursuivre l’action européenne en faveur d’une plus grande protection environnementale et sanitaire, et c’est en ce sens que nous devrons poursuivre nos efforts.Néanmoins, l’Union européenne devra encore renforcer ses contrôles afin de traiter plus efficacement les produits qui arrivent sur son marché et qui présentent des risques environnementaux et sanitaires. Aussi l’élaboration d’une cartographie des sites qui émettent des Pfas et qui présentent un danger a-t-elle été utilement introduite par amendement, lors de la première lecture du texte. Elle permettra d’identifier les sites prioritaires qui devront faire l’objet d’une dépollution et d’un suivi particulièrement étroit.Bien que ces mesures n’impliquent pas l’arrêt total de la production de Pfas et de ses rejets dans l’environnement, le texte que nous examinons ce matin présente l’avantage d’inscrire dans la loi de premières dispositions importantes et engageantes pour l’avenir.Le groupe Ensemble pour la République appelle donc l’Assemblée à une adoption conforme de la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR. – M. Marc Fesneau et Mme Anne-Cécile Violland applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 226,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639271",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 664,
   "annotation_id": "Ndda2a0f2255a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte, que nous examinons pour la dernière fois je l’espère, vise à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées. Sa rédaction, qui a évolué au cours de la navette, n’est pas parfaite. Il ne peut pas être exhaustif tant les Pfas sont nombreuses et disséminées dans de nombreux objets de notre quotidien.La présente proposition de loi marque cependant un premier pas essentiel dans la régulation de l’utilisation de ces polluants dans des secteurs importants à l’image des cosmétiques ou encore des textiles. Je salue la pugnacité du rapporteur et des collègues investis sur le sujet.Les dates d’interdiction ont évolué et les produits concernés ont fait débat, mais nous avons su trouver un consensus entre parlementaires, accepté par les associations de consommateurs et de protection de l’environnement, ainsi que par la majorité des industriels producteurs de Pfas concernés par ces interdictions.Ce dialogue entre différents acteurs et son aboutissement dans la proposition de loi démontrent que nous pouvons avancer tous ensemble vers des solutions concrètes et durables pour notre pays.Certes, les ustensiles de cuisine n’ont pas été retenus dans l’interdiction au 1er janvier 2026. Les entreprises concernées et leurs salariés verront leurs outils de production et leurs emplois préservés. L’évolution de ce secteur, en réponse à un législateur prompt à infléchir la réglementation sur les Pfas, demeure toutefois nécessaire.Dès lors, c’est toute une industrie qui devra consacrer plus de moyens à la recherche, dans l’objectif de trouver de nouveaux composants, moins nocifs pour l’être humain et son environnement. Ce défi est exigeant, mais fondamental ; il sera relevé avec le nécessaire soutien de l’État.Autre point, tout aussi essentiel : la réduction des rejets aqueux et la création d’un plan de financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à notre consommation. De récentes investigations journalistiques ont révélé la vaste contamination de l’environnement par ces polluants éternels – éternels, car la nature ne peut les éliminer par elle-même et parce qu’une action humaine est nécessaire pour les faire disparaître de nos sous-sols, de nos nappes phréatiques et de nos cours d’eau.Si les estimations varient en fonction du degré de contamination supposé, la dépollution, à l’échelle européenne, coûterait plusieurs milliards d’euros et exigerait deux décennies. C’est donc un défi immense qui nous attend et cette proposition de loi a le mérite de commencer à le relever avec ses articles 1er bis, 1er ter et 2. L’Union européenne et la France doivent renforcer leurs moyens de surveillance des Pfas pour mieux mesurer leurs rejets. La proposition de loi vise précisément cet objectif et permettra de maîtriser leur production et leur importation. Ce dernier objectif semble être le plus complexe à atteindre tant le nombre de substances existantes est élevé – près de 15 000 – et les produits importés difficiles à contrôler du fait de la diversité de leur provenance.La récente révision du règlement européen Reach, qui concerne l’enregistrement, l’évaluation et l’autorisation des produits chimiques utilisés en Europe, décidée l’année dernière, démontre la volonté des parlementaires de poursuivre l’action européenne en faveur d’une plus grande protection environnementale et sanitaire, et c’est en ce sens que nous devrons poursuivre nos efforts.Néanmoins, l’Union européenne devra encore renforcer ses contrôles afin de traiter plus efficacement les produits qui arrivent sur son marché et qui présentent des risques environnementaux et sanitaires. Aussi l’élaboration d’une cartographie des sites qui émettent des Pfas et qui présentent un danger a-t-elle été utilement introduite par amendement, lors de la première lecture du texte. Elle permettra d’identifier les sites prioritaires qui devront faire l’objet d’une dépollution et d’un suivi particulièrement étroit.Bien que ces mesures n’impliquent pas l’arrêt total de la production de Pfas et de ses rejets dans l’environnement, le texte que nous examinons ce matin présente l’avantage d’inscrire dans la loi de premières dispositions importantes et engageantes pour l’avenir.Le groupe [GROUPE] appelle donc l’Assemblée à une adoption conforme de la proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639583",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 239,
   "text": "Pfas : quatre lettres derrières lesquelles se cache peut-être le pire scandale sanitaire jamais connu, une pollution massive et généralisée, qui affecte la santé humaine et tout l’écosystème planétaire. Les scientifiques nous alertent : nous ne voyons encore probablement que le sommet de l’iceberg.Ces composés chimiques et toxiques sont partout : dans nos vêtements, dans nos ustensiles de cuisine, dans nos maisons, dans nombre de pesticides et herbicides et, nous venons de l’apprendre, dans l’eau potable – du moins celle que l’on croyait potable –, massivement polluée. En bref, ils imprègnent notre quotidien.En France, on compte plus de 900 sites contaminés, dont 108 présentent une concentration de Pfas dangereuse pour la santé – des chiffres que l’on sait largement sous-estimés.Les Pfas se déplacent vite et loin et on les appelle polluants éternels parce qu’ils ne se dégradent pas dans la nature. Ils s’accumulent dans les organismes vivants, êtres humains compris, et nous sommes tous contaminés. Lésions hépatiques, maladies thyroïdiennes, cancers, problèmes de fertilité, baisse de la réponse immunitaire, obésité… Leurs conséquences sont dramatiques.Les Pfas s’accumulent aussi le long de la chaîne alimentaire, et c’est à cause de ce phénomène de bioamplification qu’on a retrouvé plus d’une dizaine de ces composés chez des ours polaires, qui vivent pourtant loin de toute source de contamination. La pollution est donc planétaire. Chez les animaux exposés, on constate des troubles hormonaux, une réduction de la fertilité et des dysfonctionnements immunitaires. À l’heure de la sixième extinction des espèces, c’est une alerte rouge ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Mme Karine Lebon applaudit également.)Merci, monsieur le rapporteur, de permettre aujourd’hui, enfin, une avancée concrète contre ce fléau. Nous empêcherons tout amendement à ce texte, pour lui éviter un retour au Sénat à l’issue incertaine et potentiellement funeste, car il y a urgence à agir.Enfin, c’est l’espoir qu’on entrevoit, après les tentatives de nos collègues Pahun et Taupiac, vidées de leur sens par une Macronie pour qui il était urgent d’attendre et de tout renvoyer au futur règlement européen Reach, et après les fameux plans Pfas du gouvernement, vides de toute mesure de réduction contraignante. Chapeau ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Nous devons agir sans attendre l’Europe : notre groupe avait fait ajouter en première lecture le recours à la clause de sauvegarde de l’article 129 du règlement Reach, qui permet à un pays de mener une action d’urgence pour protéger la santé humaine d’une substance nocive. Le Sénat l’a toutefois supprimé.Je veux vous dire notre déception devant toutes les mesures de la proposition de loi qui ont été sacrifiées. Dans sa version initiale, elle prévoyait l’interdiction des Pfas dans les produits destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires. L’hémicycle a décidé de sa disparition, sous la pression de Tefal, de sorte que seule l’interdiction en 2026 des Pfas dans les cosmétiques, le fart et les textiles d’habillement demeure. L’interdiction de tout produit contenant des Pfas en 2027 est devenue interdiction de tout produit textile présentant ces substances en 2030.Elles nous coûteront cher, les années perdues du fait de ces reports ! Elles coûteront cher, dans tous les sens du terme : selon Le Monde, la France devrait consacrer 12 milliards d’euros par an à l’élimination des Pfas, notamment du TFA, le plus microscopique d’entre eux. Au niveau européen, le coût de l’exposition aux Pfas pour la santé est estimé entre 52 et 84 milliards d’euros par an ! Derrière ces chiffres froids, des maladies et des souffrances. Alors faire payer aux pollueurs une taxe de 1 % sur leurs bénéfices, comme le proposait Nicolas Thierry, c’est bien le moins qu’on puisse leur demander. Mais cette mesure aussi a été balayée.Face à l’ampleur de ce scandale sanitaire, nous devrions unanimement réclamer des mesures fortes ! Honte à ceux qui préfèrent les lobbys de la chimie et de la poêle à frire à notre santé ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 239,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639583",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 655,
   "annotation_id": "N4f2c85215e8f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILPQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pfas : quatre lettres derrières lesquelles se cache peut-être le pire scandale sanitaire jamais connu, une pollution massive et généralisée, qui affecte la santé humaine et tout l’écosystème planétaire. Les scientifiques nous alertent : nous ne voyons encore probablement que le sommet de l’iceberg.Ces composés chimiques et toxiques sont partout : dans nos vêtements, dans nos ustensiles de cuisine, dans nos maisons, dans nombre de pesticides et herbicides et, nous venons de l’apprendre, dans l’eau potable – du moins celle que l’on croyait potable –, massivement polluée. En bref, ils imprègnent notre quotidien.En France, on compte plus de 900 sites contaminés, dont 108 présentent une concentration de Pfas dangereuse pour la santé – des chiffres que l’on sait largement sous-estimés.Les Pfas se déplacent vite et loin et on les appelle polluants éternels parce qu’ils ne se dégradent pas dans la nature. Ils s’accumulent dans les organismes vivants, êtres humains compris, et nous sommes tous contaminés. Lésions hépatiques, maladies thyroïdiennes, cancers, problèmes de fertilité, baisse de la réponse immunitaire, obésité… Leurs conséquences sont dramatiques.Les Pfas s’accumulent aussi le long de la chaîne alimentaire, et c’est à cause de ce phénomène de bioamplification qu’on a retrouvé plus d’une dizaine de ces composés chez des ours polaires, qui vivent pourtant loin de toute source de contamination. La pollution est donc planétaire. Chez les animaux exposés, on constate des troubles hormonaux, une réduction de la fertilité et des dysfonctionnements immunitaires. À l’heure de la sixième extinction des espèces, c’est une alerte rouge ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Merci, monsieur le rapporteur, de permettre aujourd’hui, enfin, une avancée concrète contre ce fléau. Nous empêcherons tout amendement à ce texte, pour lui éviter un retour au Sénat à l’issue incertaine et potentiellement funeste, car il y a urgence à agir.Enfin, c’est l’espoir qu’on entrevoit, après les tentatives de nos collègues Pahun et Taupiac, vidées de leur sens par une Macronie pour qui il était urgent d’attendre et de tout renvoyer au futur règlement européen Reach, et après les fameux plans Pfas du gouvernement, vides de toute mesure de réduction contraignante. Chapeau ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous devons agir sans attendre l’Europe : notre groupe avait fait ajouter en première lecture le recours à la clause de sauvegarde de l’article 129 du règlement Reach, qui permet à un pays de mener une action d’urgence pour protéger la santé humaine d’une substance nocive. Le Sénat l’a toutefois supprimé.Je veux vous dire notre déception devant toutes les mesures de la proposition de loi qui ont été sacrifiées. Dans sa version initiale, elle prévoyait l’interdiction des Pfas dans les produits destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires. L’hémicycle a décidé de sa disparition, sous la pression de Tefal, de sorte que seule l’interdiction en 2026 des Pfas dans les cosmétiques, le fart et les textiles d’habillement demeure. L’interdiction de tout produit contenant des Pfas en 2027 est devenue interdiction de tout produit textile présentant ces substances en 2030.Elles nous coûteront cher, les années perdues du fait de ces reports ! Elles coûteront cher, dans tous les sens du terme : selon Le Monde, la France devrait consacrer 12 milliards d’euros par an à l’élimination des Pfas, notamment du TFA, le plus microscopique d’entre eux. Au niveau européen, le coût de l’exposition aux Pfas pour la santé est estimé entre 52 et 84 milliards d’euros par an ! Derrière ces chiffres froids, des maladies et des souffrances. Alors faire payer aux pollueurs une taxe de 1 % sur leurs bénéfices, comme le proposait [PERSONNE], c’est bien le moins qu’on puisse leur demander. Mais cette mesure aussi a été balayée.Face à l’ampleur de ce scandale sanitaire, nous devrions unanimement réclamer des mesures fortes ! Honte à ceux qui préfèrent les lobbys de la chimie et de la poêle à frire à notre santé ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639597",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639597"
   ],
   "order": 251,
   "text": "Le 15 octobre, on a appris que l’usine de Daikin Chemical France à Pierre-Bénite avait lancé la fabrication d’un nouveau produit perfluoré. Or la zone est déjà soumise régulièrement à des interdictions de consommation de légumes, d’eau de pluie et d’œufs à cause de la pollution aux Pfas ! Tefal, de son côté, persiste à affirmer que le remplaçant du téflon, le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), n’est pas dangereux, alors que des Pfas sont émis lors de sa production et de sa destruction, et que l’ARS en a retrouvé dans les rejets actuels de l’usine !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 251,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639597",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "N369efa4662e8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le 15 octobre, on a appris que l’usine de Daikin Chemical France à Pierre-Bénite avait lancé la fabrication d’un nouveau produit perfluoré. Or la zone est déjà soumise régulièrement à des interdictions de consommation de légumes, d’eau de pluie et d’œufs à cause de la pollution aux Pfas ! Tefal, de son côté, persiste à affirmer que le remplaçant du téflon, le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), n’est pas dangereux, alors que des Pfas sont émis lors de sa production et de sa destruction, et que l’ARS en a retrouvé dans les rejets actuels de l’usine !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639600",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639600"
   ],
   "order": 255,
   "text": "Jean-Louis Peyren, délégué syndical de la CGT, l’affirme au media Reporterre : « On ne va pas continuer à fabriquer un produit dangereux, simplement pour alimenter l’économie et faire travailler des personnes. » Il faut pourtant croire que c’est ce que veulent certains ici ! Fabriquer un produit, c’est y être exposé tous les jours ! Si nous, législateurs, n’intervenons pas, qui protège ces travailleurs ? Qui protège les riverains des usines ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 255,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639600",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "Nee3f48034aae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Jean-Louis Peyren, délégué syndical de la CGT, l’affirme au media Reporterre : « On ne va pas continuer à fabriquer un produit dangereux, simplement pour alimenter l’économie et faire travailler des personnes. » Il faut pourtant croire que c’est ce que veulent certains ici ! Fabriquer un produit, c’est y être exposé tous les jours ! Si nous, législateurs, n’intervenons pas, qui protège ces travailleurs ? Qui protège les riverains des usines ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639604",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639604"
   ],
   "order": 258,
   "text": "Il y aura encore beaucoup à faire, mais avec ce texte, nous mettons le pied dans la porte et ça, c’est déjà beaucoup trop pour le Rassemblement national, qui oublie toute urgence de santé publique par haine de l’écologie ! Après nous avoir quand même dit en commission que les Pfas étaient dus aux éoliennes,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 258,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639604",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N07519f612a8d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y aura encore beaucoup à faire, mais avec ce texte, nous mettons le pied dans la porte et ça, c’est déjà beaucoup trop pour le [GROUPE], qui oublie toute urgence de santé publique par haine de l’écologie ! Après nous avoir quand même dit en commission que les Pfas étaient dus aux éoliennes,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639606",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639606"
   ],
   "order": 260,
   "text": "…ses représentants osent écrire dans un amendement que « l’usage de ces substances est déjà encadré par des textes internationaux et européens, auxquels il n’est nul besoin d’ajouter. » Se relisent-ils ? Ils devraient se renseigner, lire des études scientifiques et pas se fier aux dires des lobbys.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 260,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639606",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N5a8bb6c1df58",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…ses représentants osent écrire dans un amendement que « l’usage de ces substances est déjà encadré par des textes internationaux et européens, auxquels il n’est nul besoin d’ajouter. » Se relisent-ils ? Ils devraient se renseigner, lire des études scientifiques et pas se fier aux dires des lobbys."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639608",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639608"
   ],
   "order": 262,
   "text": "Seule une poignée des près de 12 000 composés que nous connaissons est réglementée aujourd’hui ! Pendant que nous parlons, ces 12 000 substances continuent de s’accumuler un peu partout sur le globe et dans nos organismes : on ne peut plus attendre ! Il faudra d’autres mesures et mon groupe y travaille déjà, avec résolution.Aujourd’hui, nous franchissons une première étape, cruciale pour la préservation du seul écosystème qui permet la vie humaine. J’en appelle à la responsabilité de chacune et de chacun : engageons la bataille ! (Les députés du groupe LFI-NFP se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 262,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639608",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N634ce269fa28",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Seule une poignée des près de 12 000 composés que nous connaissons est réglementée aujourd’hui ! Pendant que nous parlons, ces 12 000 substances continuent de s’accumuler un peu partout sur le globe et dans nos organismes : on ne peut plus attendre ! Il faudra d’autres mesures et mon groupe y travaille déjà, avec résolution.Aujourd’hui, nous franchissons une première étape, cruciale pour la préservation du seul écosystème qui permet la vie humaine. J’en appelle à la responsabilité de chacune et de chacun : engageons la bataille ! (Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795430",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Delautrette",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Delautrette",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639613",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639613"
   ],
   "order": 266,
   "text": "Quelques mois après son adoption en première lecture, le groupe Socialistes et apparentés se félicite de voir le texte de ses partenaires écologistes revenir aujourd’hui dans l’hémicycle, en deuxième lecture. Il salue aussi la ténacité du rapporteur, Nicolas Thierry.Oui, il est grand temps que le législateur agisse contre les Pfas indestructibles dans la nature et capables de se disperser sur de très longues distances. C’est l’exemple même du combat que nous devons mener pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens. Comme de nombreux collègues, je suis estomaqué des propos tenus par les représentants de l’extrême droite, qui préfèrent céder aux sirènes des lobbys plutôt que de la préserver.Utilisés de nombreuses manières, ces substances sont plébiscitées par les industriels pour leurs qualités antiadhésives et imperméabilisantes. Pourtant, elles posent deux problèmes très concrets et ont fait l’objet d’une large attention médiatique ces derniers mois – nous ne pouvons d’ailleurs que nous féliciter du rôle de lanceur d’alerte joué par le monde de la recherche et les associations environnementales auprès des parlementaires.Premier problème, ces substances sont partout dans notre environnement, comme l’ont démontré les rapports du BRGM et du Forever Pollution Project, qui ont recensé près de 17 000 sites contaminés dans toute l’Europe, dont près de 2 000 présentent des niveaux de pollution particulièrement inquiétants pour la santé des populations vivant à leur proximité.Madame la ministre, vous avez fait état des travaux que vous allez conduire avec le BRGM et nous ne pouvons que saluer votre démarche.La question de la présence des Pfas dans l’eau, l’air et dans certaines poussières n’est absolument pas anodine et le coût de la dépollution est mirobolant : près de 2 000 milliards d’euros sur vingt ans, selon les dernières estimations faites en Europe. C’est d’ailleurs en Europe que nous trouvons quelques exemples d’investissements dans la dépollution des Pfas qui laissent imaginer l’ampleur de la facture : gérer la contamination de l’eau bue par 1,2 million de riverains de l’aéroport de Düsseldorf en Allemagne a coûté la bagatelle de 100 millions d’euros. Filtrer l’eau dans la province de Vénétie en Italie a coûté plus de 16 millions.Deuxième problème, et c’est là où le bât blesse, plusieurs Pfas produisent des effets nocifs et toxiques sur le métabolisme humain ; leur caractère cancérigène est avéré. Certaines font d’ailleurs déjà l’objet d’interdictions européennes. Le texte que nous examinons s’inscrit donc dans la continuité de ce mouvement réglementaire né au début des années 2000. Il marquera une étape fondatrice pour sortir notre pays de sa dépendance aux éléments chimiques nocifs.Bien que la version que nous examinons aujourd’hui soit moins ambitieuse que celle que nous avons examinée il y a quelques mois, comment ne pas se satisfaire que le législateur s’empare de ce sujet écologique et sociétal majeur ?Comme nous l’avons déjà fait en commission, nous soutiendrons donc cette proposition de loi et nous plaidons, comme le rapporteur, pour un vote conforme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 266,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639613",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 489,
   "annotation_id": "N84786c8f18ba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Quelques mois après son adoption en première lecture, le groupe [GROUPE] se félicite de voir le texte de ses partenaires écologistes revenir aujourd’hui dans l’hémicycle, en deuxième lecture. Il salue aussi la ténacité du rapporteur, [PERSONNE].Oui, il est grand temps que le législateur agisse contre les Pfas indestructibles dans la nature et capables de se disperser sur de très longues distances. C’est l’exemple même du combat que nous devons mener pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens. Comme de nombreux collègues, je suis estomaqué des propos tenus par les représentants de l’extrême droite, qui préfèrent céder aux sirènes des lobbys plutôt que de la préserver.Utilisés de nombreuses manières, ces substances sont plébiscitées par les industriels pour leurs qualités antiadhésives et imperméabilisantes. Pourtant, elles posent deux problèmes très concrets et ont fait l’objet d’une large attention médiatique ces derniers mois – nous ne pouvons d’ailleurs que nous féliciter du rôle de lanceur d’alerte joué par le monde de la recherche et les associations environnementales auprès des parlementaires.Premier problème, ces substances sont partout dans notre environnement, comme l’ont démontré les rapports du BRGM et du Forever Pollution Project, qui ont recensé près de 17 000 sites contaminés dans toute l’Europe, dont près de 2 000 présentent des niveaux de pollution particulièrement inquiétants pour la santé des populations vivant à leur proximité.Madame la ministre, vous avez fait état des travaux que vous allez conduire avec le BRGM et nous ne pouvons que saluer votre démarche.La question de la présence des Pfas dans l’eau, l’air et dans certaines poussières n’est absolument pas anodine et le coût de la dépollution est mirobolant : près de 2 000 milliards d’euros sur vingt ans, selon les dernières estimations faites en Europe. C’est d’ailleurs en Europe que nous trouvons quelques exemples d’investissements dans la dépollution des Pfas qui laissent imaginer l’ampleur de la facture : gérer la contamination de l’eau bue par 1,2 million de riverains de l’aéroport de Düsseldorf en Allemagne a coûté la bagatelle de 100 millions d’euros. Filtrer l’eau dans la province de Vénétie en Italie a coûté plus de 16 millions.Deuxième problème, et c’est là où le bât blesse, plusieurs Pfas produisent des effets nocifs et toxiques sur le métabolisme humain ; leur caractère cancérigène est avéré. Certaines font d’ailleurs déjà l’objet d’interdictions européennes. Le texte que nous examinons s’inscrit donc dans la continuité de ce mouvement réglementaire né au début des années 2000. Il marquera une étape fondatrice pour sortir notre pays de sa dépendance aux éléments chimiques nocifs.Bien que la version que nous examinons aujourd’hui soit moins ambitieuse que celle que nous avons examinée il y a quelques mois, comment ne pas se satisfaire que le législateur s’empare de ce sujet écologique et sociétal majeur ?Comme nous l’avons déjà fait en commission, nous soutiendrons donc cette proposition de loi et nous plaidons, comme le rapporteur, pour un vote conforme. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330909",
   "speaker": "Vincent Descoeur",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Descoeur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639624",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 276,
   "text": "La proposition de loi de Nicolas Thierry traite d’un sujet particulièrement préoccupant, régulièrement soulevé et de plus en plus fréquemment pointé du doigt, mais qui n’a pas encore trouvé de réponse législative : les risques sanitaires et environnementaux découlant de la présence, importante dans notre environnement, des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées, les Pfas, tristement connues sous le nom de polluants éternels en raison de leur persistance dans l’environnement.Si les Pfas présentent des propriétés particulières, qui ont incité les industriels à les développer – on en recense aujourd’hui plus de 11 000 –, elles présentent l’inconvénient majeur de persister dans l’environnement, où elles ne cessent de s’accumuler. On les retrouve en quantité dans les sols, dans l’air et dans l’eau, tout particulièrement dans celle destinée à la consommation humaine. Cela suffit à justifier que l’on se préoccupe de cette question de santé publique en introduisant sans délai le principe d’une recherche systématique de la présence de ces Pfas dans l’eau potable.Au-delà de cette disposition, le texte a pour ambition de définir une trajectoire de réduction progressive des rejets industriels des Pfas dans l’eau et propose d’introduire l’interdiction de la production, de la mise sur le marché et de l’importation – précision utile – de plusieurs produits non essentiels contenant ces substances. Les produits utilisés à des fins professionnelles ou pour garantir la protection ou la sécurité des personnes seront exclus de cette liste, ainsi que ceux dont l’utilisation, sans alternative connue à ce jour, est essentielle à notre souveraineté nationale.L’article 2 de la proposition de loi introduit le principe d’une redevance, acquittée par les producteurs de ces molécules, afin qu’ils contribuent à la dépollution, en accompagnant, par l’intermédiaire des agences de l’eau, les collectivités qui devront immanquablement investir massivement pour assurer la dépollution de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine.J’y souscris pleinement à titre personnel, avec d’autant plus d’enthousiasme que la proposition d’élargir aux Pfas la redevance pour pollutions diffuses figurait en bonne place dans le rapport d’information sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique, que j’ai cosigné avec mon collègue Yannick Haury. Cette proposition déclinant le principe du pollueur-payeur trouve ici sa traduction concrète.La proposition de création d’un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux, introduite par le Sénat, a quant à elle pour objectif de ne pas faire supporter par les seules collectivités locales le coût très élevé de cette dépollution.Ce texte adopté en première lecture par l’Assemblée, fruit d’un compromis avec le Sénat auquel je remercie notre collègue d’avoir pris toute sa part, vise avant tout à protéger nos concitoyens des risques inhérents au rejet de ces substances désormais omniprésentes dans l’environnement, et à réduire ou interdire à terme leur usage, au regard de leur toxicité et de leur caractère persistant très préoccupant – le caractère nocif et cancérogène des Pfas ayant pu être établi.Si je n’ignore pas les réserves de certains collègues qui souhaiteraient que l’on puisse distinguer ces substances en fonction de leur degré de toxicité, ni les interrogations sur la capacité des industriels à appliquer des solutions alternatives dans les délais impartis, nous ne pouvons pas rester sourds aux inquiétudes légitimes exprimées par nos concitoyens au vu des analyses qui confirment la présence de ces Pfas, en nombre toujours plus important, dans notre environnement quotidien, dans l’eau que nous buvons et dans les tissus humains.La présente proposition de loi, amendée par notre assemblée en première lecture, puis par le Sénat, résulte d’une prise de conscience salutaire. Elle constitue une première solution à un problème de santé très préoccupant ; un premier pas auquel s’associera une très large majorité de mes collègues du groupe Droite républicaine. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem. – Mme la présidente de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 276,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639624",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 640,
   "annotation_id": "N973ebf009f4f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition de loi de [PERSONNE] traite d’un sujet particulièrement préoccupant, régulièrement soulevé et de plus en plus fréquemment pointé du doigt, mais qui n’a pas encore trouvé de réponse législative : les risques sanitaires et environnementaux découlant de la présence, importante dans notre environnement, des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées, les Pfas, tristement connues sous le nom de polluants éternels en raison de leur persistance dans l’environnement.Si les Pfas présentent des propriétés particulières, qui ont incité les industriels à les développer – on en recense aujourd’hui plus de 11 000 –, elles présentent l’inconvénient majeur de persister dans l’environnement, où elles ne cessent de s’accumuler. On les retrouve en quantité dans les sols, dans l’air et dans l’eau, tout particulièrement dans celle destinée à la consommation humaine. Cela suffit à justifier que l’on se préoccupe de cette question de santé publique en introduisant sans délai le principe d’une recherche systématique de la présence de ces Pfas dans l’eau potable.Au-delà de cette disposition, le texte a pour ambition de définir une trajectoire de réduction progressive des rejets industriels des Pfas dans l’eau et propose d’introduire l’interdiction de la production, de la mise sur le marché et de l’importation – précision utile – de plusieurs produits non essentiels contenant ces substances. Les produits utilisés à des fins professionnelles ou pour garantir la protection ou la sécurité des personnes seront exclus de cette liste, ainsi que ceux dont l’utilisation, sans alternative connue à ce jour, est essentielle à notre souveraineté nationale.L’article 2 de la proposition de loi introduit le principe d’une redevance, acquittée par les producteurs de ces molécules, afin qu’ils contribuent à la dépollution, en accompagnant, par l’intermédiaire des agences de l’eau, les collectivités qui devront immanquablement investir massivement pour assurer la dépollution de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine.J’y souscris pleinement à titre personnel, avec d’autant plus d’enthousiasme que la proposition d’élargir aux Pfas la redevance pour pollutions diffuses figurait en bonne place dans le rapport d’information sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique, que j’ai cosigné avec mon collègue [PERSONNE]. Cette proposition déclinant le principe du pollueur-payeur trouve ici sa traduction concrète.La proposition de création d’un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux, introduite par le Sénat, a quant à elle pour objectif de ne pas faire supporter par les seules collectivités locales le coût très élevé de cette dépollution.Ce texte adopté en première lecture par l’Assemblée, fruit d’un compromis avec le Sénat auquel je remercie notre collègue d’avoir pris toute sa part, vise avant tout à protéger nos concitoyens des risques inhérents au rejet de ces substances désormais omniprésentes dans l’environnement, et à réduire ou interdire à terme leur usage, au regard de leur toxicité et de leur caractère persistant très préoccupant – le caractère nocif et cancérogène des Pfas ayant pu être établi.Si je n’ignore pas les réserves de certains collègues qui souhaiteraient que l’on puisse distinguer ces substances en fonction de leur degré de toxicité, ni les interrogations sur la capacité des industriels à appliquer des solutions alternatives dans les délais impartis, nous ne pouvons pas rester sourds aux inquiétudes légitimes exprimées par nos concitoyens au vu des analyses qui confirment la présence de ces Pfas, en nombre toujours plus important, dans notre environnement quotidien, dans l’eau que nous buvons et dans les tissus humains.La présente proposition de loi, amendée par notre assemblée en première lecture, puis par le Sénat, résulte d’une prise de conscience salutaire. Elle constitue une première solution à un problème de santé très préoccupant ; un premier pas auquel s’associera une très large majorité de mes collègues du groupe [GROUPE]. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – Mme la présidente de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
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   "order": 288,
   "text": "Messieurs les députés Michoux et Salmon, je ne peux rester insensible à votre plaidoyer en faveur de l’industrie française. Nous défendons nous-mêmes depuis sept ans une politique de réindustrialisation qui a permis d’inverser la baisse de l’emploi industriel que connaissait de manière continue notre économie. Bien que nous traversions actuellement un moment difficile, cela mérite d’être souligné : alors qu’il n’y avait eu qu’une seule année de création d’emplois industriels entre 1980 et 2016, depuis sept ans, nous avons renversé la vapeur.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 288,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
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   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "N5cceac657f24",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Messieurs les députés Michoux et Salmon, je ne peux rester insensible à votre plaidoyer en faveur de l’industrie française. Nous défendons nous-mêmes depuis sept ans une politique de réindustrialisation qui a permis d’inverser la baisse de l’emploi industriel que connaissait de manière continue notre économie. Bien que nous traversions actuellement un moment difficile, cela mérite d’être souligné : alors qu’il n’y avait eu qu’une seule année de création d’emplois industriels entre 1980 et 2016, depuis sept ans, nous avons renversé la vapeur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639646",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639646"
   ],
   "order": 290,
   "text": "Ce n’est donc pas l’ancienne salariée de l’industrie automobile ni l’ancienne ministre chargée de l’industrie que je suis qui ira à l’encontre de votre plaidoyer. Cependant, je ne comprends pas pourquoi vous vous opposez à des dispositions destinées à protéger nos industriels contre la concurrence déloyale, alors qu’ils ont fait l’effort, notamment dans la filière cosmétique, de mettre au point des technologies pour éviter les Pfas. Pourquoi ne pas voter les mesures qui reconnaissent la qualité des procédés mis en place et nous donnent les moyens de contrôler les marchandises importées potentiellement dangereuses pour les Français ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 290,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639646",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "N419e3036959f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est donc pas l’ancienne salariée de l’industrie automobile ni l’ancienne ministre chargée de l’industrie que je suis qui ira à l’encontre de votre plaidoyer. Cependant, je ne comprends pas pourquoi vous vous opposez à des dispositions destinées à protéger nos industriels contre la concurrence déloyale, alors qu’ils ont fait l’effort, notamment dans la filière cosmétique, de mettre au point des technologies pour éviter les Pfas. Pourquoi ne pas voter les mesures qui reconnaissent la qualité des procédés mis en place et nous donnent les moyens de contrôler les marchandises importées potentiellement dangereuses pour les Français ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639648",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639648"
   ],
   "order": 292,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi ne concerne ni les usages médicaux, ni les batteries électriques, ni les éoliennes – je me réjouis que vous les évoquiez ! –, ni les mousses anti-incendie, ni les poêles antiadhésives produites par Tefal.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 292,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639648",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N2f34d82843a8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi ne concerne ni les usages médicaux, ni les batteries électriques, ni les éoliennes – je me réjouis que vous les évoquiez ! –, ni les mousses anti-incendie, ni les poêles antiadhésives produites par Tefal."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639650",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639650"
   ],
   "order": 294,
   "text": "Plutôt que de ralentir son adoption en défendant des amendements que vous savez n’avoir aucune portée pratique ou qui sont déjà satisfaits, je vous invite à avancer, au service de l’industrie française et de la santé des Français. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – M. Vincent Jeanbrun applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 294,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639650",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "Nf6178073d186",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Plutôt que de ralentir son adoption en défendant des amendements que vous savez n’avoir aucune portée pratique ou qui sont déjà satisfaits, je vous invite à avancer, au service de l’industrie française et de la santé des Français. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639655",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639655"
   ],
   "order": 299,
   "text": "L’article 1er revêt une importance particulière : il interdit les usages de Pfas que je qualifiais de futiles dans mon rapport du 27 mars 2024. Dans les produits de fart, les produits textiles et les cosmétiques, on peut très bien s’en passer. D’ailleurs, les industriels que j’ai auditionnés se disent prêts à modifier leurs processus de production en conséquence. Ainsi, les industriels de la filière cosmétique, pourtant attaqués aux États-Unis à cause de la présence de Pfas dans leurs produits, m’ont dit avoir compris le message que nous envoyons grâce à cet article 1er – c’est dire son importance – et modifié leurs procédés de fabrication pour qu’ils n’en contiennent plus. Cependant, d’autres Pfas sont essentiels, notamment pour la santé ou la transition énergétique : ceux-là doivent être conservés et contrôlés.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 299,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639655",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "N4252365ea589",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er revêt une importance particulière : il interdit les usages de Pfas que je qualifiais de futiles dans mon rapport du 27 mars 2024. Dans les produits de fart, les produits textiles et les cosmétiques, on peut très bien s’en passer. D’ailleurs, les industriels que j’ai auditionnés se disent prêts à modifier leurs processus de production en conséquence. Ainsi, les industriels de la filière cosmétique, pourtant attaqués aux États-Unis à cause de la présence de Pfas dans leurs produits, m’ont dit avoir compris le message que nous envoyons grâce à cet article 1er – c’est dire son importance – et modifié leurs procédés de fabrication pour qu’ils n’en contiennent plus. Cependant, d’autres Pfas sont essentiels, notamment pour la santé ou la transition énergétique : ceux-là doivent être conservés et contrôlés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Riotton",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639657",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639657"
   ],
   "order": 301,
   "text": "Ce texte essentiel sert notre objectif commun de protéger la population contre les risques sanitaires et environnementaux liés au Pfas. Nos deux assemblées ont reconnu la nécessité d’agir en prenant le sujet au sérieux. Ainsi, dès 2026, nous pourrons en interdire l’usage dans les produits de fart, les cosmétiques, les textiles et les chaussures. Le groupe EPR est évidemment favorable à leur interdiction complète lorsqu’un produit de substitution existe. Procéder de la sorte est la meilleure manière d’engager une transition positive, sachant qu’il faudra attendre 2030 pour que l’ensemble des textiles soient interdits.Il me paraît cependant important de clarifier la classification de ces substances. L’OCDE a proposé la sienne, en distinguant les Pfas non-polymères d’un côté, et les Pfas polymères de l’autre, comprenant les polymères à chaînes latérales fluorées, les perfluoropolyéthers et les fluoropolymères. Seuls ces derniers sont réputés sûrs.Quoi qu’il en soit, il importe à nos industriels que les études menées au niveau européen visent chacune des molécules séparément. Parce que les industriels ne restent pas les bras croisés mais travaillent pour faire évoluer leur production et trouver des produits de substitution, l’État et les collectivités doivent les accompagner. Ce texte, attendu par les Haut-Savoyards et l’ensemble de nos concitoyens, est équilibré : fruit d’un travail transpartisan, il constitue un compromis qui satisfait les parties prenantes et permet à la France de devenir, en Europe, l’une des pionnières sur ce sujet. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem. – Mme Anne-Cécile Violland applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 301,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639657",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 247,
   "annotation_id": "N1a9a0832884c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte essentiel sert notre objectif commun de protéger la population contre les risques sanitaires et environnementaux liés au Pfas. Nos deux assemblées ont reconnu la nécessité d’agir en prenant le sujet au sérieux. Ainsi, dès 2026, nous pourrons en interdire l’usage dans les produits de fart, les cosmétiques, les textiles et les chaussures. Le groupe [GROUPE] est évidemment favorable à leur interdiction complète lorsqu’un produit de substitution existe. Procéder de la sorte est la meilleure manière d’engager une transition positive, sachant qu’il faudra attendre 2030 pour que l’ensemble des textiles soient interdits.Il me paraît cependant important de clarifier la classification de ces substances. L’OCDE a proposé la sienne, en distinguant les Pfas non-polymères d’un côté, et les Pfas polymères de l’autre, comprenant les polymères à chaînes latérales fluorées, les perfluoropolyéthers et les fluoropolymères. Seuls ces derniers sont réputés sûrs.Quoi qu’il en soit, il importe à nos industriels que les études menées au niveau européen visent chacune des molécules séparément. Parce que les industriels ne restent pas les bras croisés mais travaillent pour faire évoluer leur production et trouver des produits de substitution, l’État et les collectivités doivent les accompagner. Ce texte, attendu par les Haut-Savoyards et l’ensemble de nos concitoyens, est équilibré : fruit d’un travail transpartisan, il constitue un compromis qui satisfait les parties prenantes et permet à la France de devenir, en Europe, l’une des pionnières sur ce sujet. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639660",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639660"
   ],
   "order": 305,
   "text": "Il s’agit effectivement d’un débat important, attendu par beaucoup. Lors de la discussion générale, que j’ai écoutée attentivement, j’ai constaté qu’il était facile de lancer des anathèmes. Je tiens donc à préciser d’emblée que je n’ai eu aucun contact avec des lobbys. Il ne semble pas non plus que des industries utilisant ces produits soient présentes dans ma circonscription. Enfin, si j’ai pu recevoir des mails sur le sujet, je ne les ai même pas lus. Je n’ai donc qu’un intérêt intellectuel et législatif pour le sujet.Je ne critique pas la volonté de réduire l’usage de ces polluants. Les amendements que je défendrai portent sur la rédaction du texte, laquelle mérite d’être soignée afin que la loi soit bien appliquée. J’identifie deux problèmes, en l’état : le premier concerne la portée uniquement nationale du texte, alors que des tentatives existent pour réglementer les usages au niveau européen. Dans une région frontalière comme la mienne – c’est sans doute vrai partout ailleurs, puisque nous évoluons tous dans un marché commun –, l’échelle nationale n’est pas la plus pertinente. Le second problème concerne le contrôle des importations destiné à protéger la population des Pfas contenus dans les produits importés. Quels sont nos moyens en matière de contrôle aux frontières ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 305,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639660",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 208,
   "annotation_id": "N1489bdc6063c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit effectivement d’un débat important, attendu par beaucoup. Lors de la discussion générale, que j’ai écoutée attentivement, j’ai constaté qu’il était facile de lancer des anathèmes. Je tiens donc à préciser d’emblée que je n’ai eu aucun contact avec des lobbys. Il ne semble pas non plus que des industries utilisant ces produits soient présentes dans ma circonscription. Enfin, si j’ai pu recevoir des mails sur le sujet, je ne les ai même pas lus. Je n’ai donc qu’un intérêt intellectuel et législatif pour le sujet.Je ne critique pas la volonté de réduire l’usage de ces polluants. Les amendements que je défendrai portent sur la rédaction du texte, laquelle mérite d’être soignée afin que la loi soit bien appliquée. J’identifie deux problèmes, en l’état : le premier concerne la portée uniquement nationale du texte, alors que des tentatives existent pour réglementer les usages au niveau européen. Dans une région frontalière comme la mienne – c’est sans doute vrai partout ailleurs, puisque nous évoluons tous dans un marché commun –, l’échelle nationale n’est pas la plus pertinente. Le second problème concerne le contrôle des importations destiné à protéger la population des Pfas contenus dans les produits importés. Quels sont nos moyens en matière de contrôle aux frontières ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639666",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639666"
   ],
   "order": 311,
   "text": "Le texte est en effet d’une grande hypocrisie : nous nous apprêtons à interdire, dans notre pays, des produits que nous continuerons à importer bien qu’ils répondent à des normes sociales et environnementales moins-disantes. Le ministre Roland Lescure le soulignait en première lecture : les moyens de contrôle aux frontières sont inexistants.Nous sommes évidemment sensibles au problème de santé publique posé par les Pfas. Cette proposition de loi présente toutefois un défaut : de manière transversale, elle touchera toute l’industrie française.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 311,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639666",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "N266c8a069173",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte est en effet d’une grande hypocrisie : nous nous apprêtons à interdire, dans notre pays, des produits que nous continuerons à importer bien qu’ils répondent à des normes sociales et environnementales moins-disantes. Le ministre [PERSONNE] le soulignait en première lecture : les moyens de contrôle aux frontières sont inexistants.Nous sommes évidemment sensibles au problème de santé publique posé par les Pfas. Cette proposition de loi présente toutefois un défaut : de manière transversale, elle touchera toute l’industrie française."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639669",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639669"
   ],
   "order": 314,
   "text": "Il ne s’agit pas de jouer des lobbys contre d’autres lobbys : vous discutez vous aussi avec des groupes d’intérêt – ce texte émane d’ailleurs d’une étude de Générations futures, un lobby écologiste.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 314,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639669",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N8bfe025129d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne s’agit pas de jouer des lobbys contre d’autres lobbys : vous discutez vous aussi avec des groupes d’intérêt – ce texte émane d’ailleurs d’une étude de Générations futures, un lobby [GROUPE]."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639671",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639671"
   ],
   "order": 316,
   "text": "Ne semons pas le trouble au motif que nous avons des contacts avec les industriels. Ces derniers cherchent évidemment à se défendre en décrivant le quotidien qui sera le leur si cette proposition de loi était adoptée. Or cette adoption me semble trop précipitée. Je vous en conjure, chers collègues : votez au moins l’amendement repoussant à 2028 son application !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 316,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639671",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N6e333f2dfca0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ne semons pas le trouble au motif que nous avons des contacts avec les industriels. Ces derniers cherchent évidemment à se défendre en décrivant le quotidien qui sera le leur si cette proposition de loi était adoptée. Or cette adoption me semble trop précipitée. Je vous en conjure, chers collègues : votez au moins l’amendement repoussant à 2028 son application !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639673",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639673"
   ],
   "order": 318,
   "text": "Dans le cas contraire, d’ici à six mois, les industriels seront obligés de s’adapter à des mesures aux conséquences beaucoup plus importantes que ce que l’on croit. Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez affirmé à plusieurs reprises que cette proposition de loi ne serait qu’une étape vers une interdiction plus large. La direction que vous souhaitez prendre est connue, vous avez annoncé votre objectif. Aussi les industriels anticipent-ils des textes beaucoup plus contraignants à l’avenir. Une telle démarche constitue évidemment un frein à l’initiative privée et à l’activité économique. Ce texte envoie donc un très mauvais signal ; il faut absolument voter l’amendement qui reporte son application à 2028 ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 318,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639673",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "Nf2ddab836d92",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dans le cas contraire, d’ici à six mois, les industriels seront obligés de s’adapter à des mesures aux conséquences beaucoup plus importantes que ce que l’on croit. Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez affirmé à plusieurs reprises que cette proposition de loi ne serait qu’une étape vers une interdiction plus large. La direction que vous souhaitez prendre est connue, vous avez annoncé votre objectif. Aussi les industriels anticipent-ils des textes beaucoup plus contraignants à l’avenir. Une telle démarche constitue évidemment un frein à l’initiative privée et à l’activité économique. Ce texte envoie donc un très mauvais signal ; il faut absolument voter l’amendement qui reporte son application à 2028 ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639676",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639676"
   ],
   "order": 321,
   "text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 100, relatif au déroulement de nos débats.Derrière un peu d’agitation, je remarque beaucoup de bonne volonté pour discuter du fond. Or plusieurs amendements ont été jugés irrecevables au titre de l’article 45 de la Constitution. Ceux que j’avais déposés concernaient les conséquences industrielles et sanitaires des mesures envisagées. Je ne crois pas que quiconque y soit fondamentalement opposé. Certaines études sont encore en cours, des avis médicaux sur certaines molécules encore… (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "3639653",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 321,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639676",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Ne7e3c3cb3bbf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 100, relatif au déroulement de nos débats.Derrière un peu d’agitation, je remarque beaucoup de bonne volonté pour discuter du fond. Or plusieurs amendements ont été jugés irrecevables au titre de l’article 45 de la Constitution. Ceux que j’avais déposés concernaient les conséquences industrielles et sanitaires des mesures envisagées. Je ne crois pas que quiconque y soit fondamentalement opposé. Certaines études sont encore en cours, des avis médicaux sur certaines molécules encore… (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639682",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639682"
   ],
   "order": 328,
   "text": "Nous souhaitons tous faire en sorte que les Pfas n’aient pas d’effets indésirables sur la santé humaine, mais nous refusons de hurler avec les loups pour pleurer ensuite sur le lait renversé.Si l’on s’en tient aux faits, aucune étude sérieuse publiée ne statue sur la dangerosité de ces produits. Mme la ministre a d’ailleurs reconnu que nous devions « renforcer nos connaissances » relatives à ces substances. Cette absence de données exactes permet aux tenants de la proposition de loi de mêler l’ensemble des Pfas, en les qualifiant tous de dangereux. En réalité, certains Pfas, utilisés d’une certaine manière, pourraient être dangereux pour la santé humaine mais d’autres, utilisés différemment, ne le seraient pas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "33",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 328,
   "amendments": [
    "33"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639682",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 114,
   "annotation_id": "N8af7b75ef104",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous souhaitons tous faire en sorte que les Pfas n’aient pas d’effets indésirables sur la santé humaine, mais nous refusons de hurler avec les loups pour pleurer ensuite sur le lait renversé.Si l’on s’en tient aux faits, aucune étude sérieuse publiée ne statue sur la dangerosité de ces produits. Mme la ministre a d’ailleurs reconnu que nous devions « renforcer nos connaissances » relatives à ces substances. Cette absence de données exactes permet aux tenants de la proposition de loi de mêler l’ensemble des Pfas, en les qualifiant tous de dangereux. En réalité, certains Pfas, utilisés d’une certaine manière, pourraient être dangereux pour la santé humaine mais d’autres, utilisés différemment, ne le seraient pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640417",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640417"
   ],
   "order": 331,
   "text": "Le problème de la proposition de loi est qu’elle vise non un objectif de santé publique mais une satisfaction idéologique, ce qui la conduira à l’échec. L’interdiction des Pfas, qui vise à éliminer un risque, en crée d’autres, puisqu’aussi bien les joints résistants à la chaleur dans l’aéronautique que les protections contre les pesticides utilisées par les agriculteurs contiennent des Pfas.Sur le plan juridique, j’appelle votre attention sur le fait que nous serons contraints de laisser entrer dans notre pays des marchandises, venues du monde entier, qui contiennent ces substances…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 331,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640417",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "Ne3f80864d4a4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le problème de la proposition de loi est qu’elle vise non un objectif de santé publique mais une satisfaction idéologique, ce qui la conduira à l’échec. L’interdiction des Pfas, qui vise à éliminer un risque, en crée d’autres, puisqu’aussi bien les joints résistants à la chaleur dans l’aéronautique que les protections contre les pesticides utilisées par les agriculteurs contiennent des Pfas.Sur le plan juridique, j’appelle votre attention sur le fait que nous serons contraints de laisser entrer dans notre pays des marchandises, venues du monde entier, qui contiennent ces substances…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640420"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "…et votre proposition de loi n’y changera rien. C’est le principe de libre circulation des marchandises qui est en cause. En effet, l’article 34 du Traité sur le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne (TFUE) dispose que : « Les restrictions quantitatives à l’importation, ainsi que toutes mesures d’effet équivalent, sont interdites entre les États membres. » Le droit européen de la concurrence, à l’article 326 du même traité, interdit quant à lui toute « entrave » et « discrimination aux échanges entre les États membres » ainsi que les « distorsions de concurrence entre ceux-ci ».L’interdiction prévue par le texte ira également à l’encontre des règles de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC), qui exige que les restrictions commerciales soient justifiées scientifiquement et appliquées de manière équitable. En somme, les Écologistes sont favorables à la sortie des traités de l’Union européenne.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 334,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640420",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "N9f846375c991",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…et votre proposition de loi n’y changera rien. C’est le principe de libre circulation des marchandises qui est en cause. En effet, l’article 34 du Traité sur le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne (TFUE) dispose que : « Les restrictions quantitatives à l’importation, ainsi que toutes mesures d’effet équivalent, sont interdites entre les États membres. » Le droit européen de la concurrence, à l’article 326 du même traité, interdit quant à lui toute « entrave » et « discrimination aux échanges entre les États membres » ainsi que les « distorsions de concurrence entre ceux-ci ».L’interdiction prévue par le texte ira également à l’encontre des règles de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC), qui exige que les restrictions commerciales soient justifiées scientifiquement et appliquées de manière équitable. En somme, les Écologistes sont favorables à la sortie des traités de l’Union européenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640427",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640427"
   ],
   "order": 341,
   "text": "L’amendement no 33 tend à supprimer l’essentiel de l’article 1er. Vous comprendrez que j’y sois fermement opposé. Mais revenons sur trois points que vous avez soulevés.Premièrement, s’agissant du droit de l’Union européenne, les règlements européens restreignent l’usage d’un très petit nombre de Pfas. Cette proposition de loi se propose d’intervenir sur des usages très précis, pour lesquels – je le répète – il existe des solutions de rechange. Votre argumentation, présentée dans l’exposé sommaire de l’amendement, qui consiste à souligner les dangers d’un élargissement du champ d’application du texte, est donc infondée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et SOC.) Il suffit de lire le texte !Deuxièmement, et pour répondre aux autres interventions, il est inexact de dire que la France ne pourra pas contrôler les importations de produits qui contiendraient des Pfas. La direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) est tout à fait compétente pour le faire. Elle l’a déjà montré, avec une grande efficacité, sur deux produits précis, pourtant tout aussi complexes à appréhender : le bisphénol A et le dioxyde de titane, également connu sous le nom d’E171 dans les denrées alimentaires. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS.) Vous n’avez peut-être pas confiance dans l’administration française ; moi, oui ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 341,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640427",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 238,
   "annotation_id": "N44804bf5e4ac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement no 33 tend à supprimer l’essentiel de l’article 1er. Vous comprendrez que j’y sois fermement opposé. Mais revenons sur trois points que vous avez soulevés.Premièrement, s’agissant du droit de l’Union européenne, les règlements européens restreignent l’usage d’un très petit nombre de Pfas. Cette proposition de loi se propose d’intervenir sur des usages très précis, pour lesquels – je le répète – il existe des solutions de rechange. Votre argumentation, présentée dans l’exposé sommaire de l’amendement, qui consiste à souligner les dangers d’un élargissement du champ d’application du texte, est donc infondée. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Il suffit de lire le texte !Deuxièmement, et pour répondre aux autres interventions, il est inexact de dire que la France ne pourra pas contrôler les importations de produits qui contiendraient des Pfas. La direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) est tout à fait compétente pour le faire. Elle l’a déjà montré, avec une grande efficacité, sur deux produits précis, pourtant tout aussi complexes à appréhender : le bisphénol A et le dioxyde de titane, également connu sous le nom d’E171 dans les denrées alimentaires. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Vous n’avez peut-être pas confiance dans l’administration française ; moi, oui ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640431",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640431"
   ],
   "order": 345,
   "text": "Troisièmement, concernant la conformité du texte au droit international, vous commettez une erreur, monsieur Vos. En effet, le droit international prévoit que des motifs de santé publique ou de protection de l’environnement puissent justifier des aménagements aux règles de libre circulation. Je rappelle que de telles mesures, à l’égard des Pfas, sont en passe d’être prises au Danemark, comme nous sommes invités à le faire.Pour toutes ces raisons, mon avis est défavorable. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 345,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640431",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Na15f3e740463",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Troisièmement, concernant la conformité du texte au droit international, vous commettez une erreur, monsieur Vos. En effet, le droit international prévoit que des motifs de santé publique ou de protection de l’environnement puissent justifier des aménagements aux règles de libre circulation. Je rappelle que de telles mesures, à l’égard des Pfas, sont en passe d’être prises au Danemark, comme nous sommes invités à le faire.Pour toutes ces raisons, mon avis est défavorable. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640434",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640434"
   ],
   "order": 348,
   "text": "Même avis. Nous avons évidemment travaillé, lors de la préparation de l’examen de ce texte, avec les industriels français, qui sont en avance s’agissant du retrait des Pfas de leurs produits, en particulier dans la filière cosmétique.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 348,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640434",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "Nf633f7e4137a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis. Nous avons évidemment travaillé, lors de la préparation de l’examen de ce texte, avec les industriels français, qui sont en avance s’agissant du retrait des Pfas de leurs produits, en particulier dans la filière cosmétique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640440",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640440"
   ],
   "order": 354,
   "text": "…et je sais combien l’argument de la qualité des produits y est fondamental. Vous revendiquez souvent l’excellence de l’industrie française : c’est l’occasion de le montrer. Vous vous inquiétez du contrôle des marchandises. D’une part, cela doit vous inciter à favoriser une industrie française dont les produits peuvent être mis sur le marché sans difficulté. D’autre part, sachez que les contrôles peuvent être assurés par les douanes, la DGCCRF et par les Dreal. C’est ainsi que nous protégerons à la fois les Français et notre industrie.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 354,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640440",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 86,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd20a3cdc266",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…et je sais combien l’argument de la qualité des produits y est fondamental. Vous revendiquez souvent l’excellence de l’industrie française : c’est l’occasion de le montrer. Vous vous inquiétez du contrôle des marchandises. D’une part, cela doit vous inciter à favoriser une industrie française dont les produits peuvent être mis sur le marché sans difficulté. D’autre part, sachez que les contrôles peuvent être assurés par les douanes, la DGCCRF et par les Dreal. C’est ainsi que nous protégerons à la fois les Français et notre industrie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640442",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640442"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Le problème de ce texte est qu’il fait un amalgame entre des substances qui n’ont rien à voir entre elles. Certains Pfas sont – personne ne le conteste – réellement dangereux pour la santé, notamment les Pfas à chaîne courte ou moyenne. Mais certains Pfas sont des molécules inertes et inoffensives, en particulier ceux à très longue chaîne, qui ne franchissent pas les barrières biologiques. Ce texte ne les distingue pas et interdira donc à la fois les produits très dangereux et les produits qui ne présentent pas de risques.Par ailleurs, il est souvent fait référence à l’amiante. Or l’amiante est toxique dès le premier filet auquel on est exposé, alors que certains Pfas sont toxiques à partir d’une certaine dose. Il faut tenir compte de cette différence.Enfin, soyons sérieux à propos des importations : vous n’avez pas la capacité de contrôler les millions de paquets acheminés au domicile des Français – vous n’allez pas les ouvrir un par un –, en particulier ceux en provenance de fournisseurs chinois de textile. Vous pouvez affirmer que l’on contrôlera les importations, mais la vérité est qu’on ne peut pas le faire. (M. Pierre Meurin applaudit.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 356,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640442",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 193,
   "annotation_id": "N7192b1efa359",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le problème de ce texte est qu’il fait un amalgame entre des substances qui n’ont rien à voir entre elles. Certains Pfas sont – personne ne le conteste – réellement dangereux pour la santé, notamment les Pfas à chaîne courte ou moyenne. Mais certains Pfas sont des molécules inertes et inoffensives, en particulier ceux à très longue chaîne, qui ne franchissent pas les barrières biologiques. Ce texte ne les distingue pas et interdira donc à la fois les produits très dangereux et les produits qui ne présentent pas de risques.Par ailleurs, il est souvent fait référence à l’amiante. Or l’amiante est toxique dès le premier filet auquel on est exposé, alors que certains Pfas sont toxiques à partir d’une certaine dose. Il faut tenir compte de cette différence.Enfin, soyons sérieux à propos des importations : vous n’avez pas la capacité de contrôler les millions de paquets acheminés au domicile des Français – vous n’allez pas les ouvrir un par un –, en particulier ceux en provenance de fournisseurs chinois de textile. Vous pouvez affirmer que l’on contrôlera les importations, mais la vérité est qu’on ne peut pas le faire. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640447",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640447"
   ],
   "order": 361,
   "text": "Il est important de parler des Pfas dans cette assemblée. Cependant, il ne s’agit pas d’un problème franco-français. Au niveau européen, de nombreux pays se sont déjà saisis du sujet. Au niveau mondial, les États-Unis sont en avance sur nous. Il faut une prise de conscience de l’ensemble de la planète ; elle est en train de se faire et il est bon que cette proposition de loi l’accompagne.Je veux aussi répondre à M. Juvin : ce sont les Pfas à chaîne longue de carbone qui sont dangereux et interdits. En revanche, on connaît moins la dangerosité des Pfas à chaîne carbonée courte.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 361,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640447",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "Ncc99f0464bf8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important de parler des Pfas dans cette assemblée. Cependant, il ne s’agit pas d’un problème franco-français. Au niveau européen, de nombreux pays se sont déjà saisis du sujet. Au niveau mondial, les États-Unis sont en avance sur nous. Il faut une prise de conscience de l’ensemble de la planète ; elle est en train de se faire et il est bon que cette proposition de loi l’accompagne.Je veux aussi répondre à M. Juvin : ce sont les Pfas à chaîne longue de carbone qui sont dangereux et interdits. En revanche, on connaît moins la dangerosité des Pfas à chaîne carbonée courte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640454",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640454"
   ],
   "order": 368,
   "text": "L’article 1er complète le titre II du livre V du code de l’environnement par un chapitre IV intitulé : « Prévention des risques résultant de l’exposition aux substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées ». Le quatrième alinéa de cet article est rédigé de façon curieuse introduisant un article L. 524-1. – I. : « Sont interdites, à compter du 1er janvier 2026, la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit de […] ». Puis vient la liste des produits concernés.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "1",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 368,
   "amendments": [
    "1"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640454",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Nfaba28c9a93a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er complète le titre II du livre V du code de l’environnement par un chapitre IV intitulé : « Prévention des risques résultant de l’exposition aux substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées ». Le quatrième alinéa de cet article est rédigé de façon curieuse introduisant un article L. 524-1. – I. : « Sont interdites, à compter du 1er janvier 2026, la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit de […] ». Puis vient la liste des produits concernés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640460"
   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "On doit placer le verbe en deuxième position. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS.) La rédaction que je suggère est la suivante : « À compter du 1er janvier 2026, sont interdites… », avant d’énumérer les produits concernés.Je vois votre inquiétude : cela viendrait modifier le texte, qui ne serait donc pas voté dans les mêmes termes qu’au Sénat. Mais pour qu’un texte soit effectif, des décrets d’application sont nécessaires. Même si le texte s’en retournait au Sénat, sans doute dans un mois ou deux, puis revenait à l’Assemblée, cela ne changerait pas grand-chose à l’élaboration des décrets d’application. Nous aurions juste un texte de meilleure qualité.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "1",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 374,
   "amendments": [
    "1"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640460",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N2155499af689",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On doit placer le verbe en deuxième position. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) La rédaction que je suggère est la suivante : « À compter du 1er janvier 2026, sont interdites… », avant d’énumérer les produits concernés.Je vois votre inquiétude : cela viendrait modifier le texte, qui ne serait donc pas voté dans les mêmes termes qu’au Sénat. Mais pour qu’un texte soit effectif, des décrets d’application sont nécessaires. Même si le texte s’en retournait au Sénat, sans doute dans un mois ou deux, puis revenait à l’Assemblée, cela ne changerait pas grand-chose à l’élaboration des décrets d’application. Nous aurions juste un texte de meilleure qualité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640470",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640470"
   ],
   "order": 384,
   "text": "J’aimerais pouvoir revenir à l’amendement précédent, car je n’ai pas eu la parole ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.) Vous êtes habitués, dans le cadre de nos propres niches parlementaires, à procéder de la sorte, donc laissez-moi m’exprimer !Madame la ministre, vous insistez sur la qualité des produits, mais si les Français se rendent dans des boutiques hard discount – chacun en connaît dans sa circonscription, citons par exemple NOZ ou Gifi –, qui vendent des produits à 10 euros importés de Chine par conteneurs entiers, c’est parce que leur pouvoir d’achat est limité. Nous sommes évidemment des défenseurs de la qualité des produits industriels, mais il faut aussi penser au pouvoir d’achat des Français !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 384,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640470",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 128,
   "annotation_id": "Nb014bb68ddeb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "J’aimerais pouvoir revenir à l’amendement précédent, car je n’ai pas eu la parole ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Vous êtes habitués, dans le cadre de nos propres niches parlementaires, à procéder de la sorte, donc laissez-moi m’exprimer !Madame la ministre, vous insistez sur la qualité des produits, mais si les Français se rendent dans des boutiques hard discount – chacun en connaît dans sa circonscription, citons par exemple NOZ ou Gifi –, qui vendent des produits à 10 euros importés de Chine par conteneurs entiers, c’est parce que leur pouvoir d’achat est limité. Nous sommes évidemment des défenseurs de la qualité des produits industriels, mais il faut aussi penser au pouvoir d’achat des Français !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640473",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640473"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "De plus, vous n’avez aucun moyen de contrôler largement les produits vendus dans ces boutiques : ils arrivent par conteneurs au Havre, à Marseille, voire à Rotterdam et sont ensuite acheminés par camion. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.) Ce texte sera inefficace contre les importations de produits dangereux – voilà ce que nous dénonçons ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 387,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640473",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Ndb0138125f8d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "De plus, vous n’avez aucun moyen de contrôler largement les produits vendus dans ces boutiques : ils arrivent par conteneurs au Havre, à Marseille, voire à Rotterdam et sont ensuite acheminés par camion. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Ce texte sera inefficace contre les importations de produits dangereux – voilà ce que nous dénonçons ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640477",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640477"
   ],
   "order": 391,
   "text": "Cet amendement est crucial puisqu’il s’agit de déplacer certains mots pour rendre la première phrase du quatrième alinéa « plus fluide ». D’autres amendements similaires pour « alléger les formulations » ou ajouter une simple conjonction de coordination sont à venir. Certains d’entre eux font même semblant d’être mieux-disants. Ceux qui nous écoutent doivent comprendre ce que certains collègues de droite sont en train de faire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.) Leur objectif est d’obtenir une modification du texte – quand bien même elle serait absolument ridicule –, afin qu’il soit de nouveau transmis au Sénat avant de revenir, à une date indéterminée, à l’Assemblée.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 391,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640477",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "N044fd9172cd0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est crucial puisqu’il s’agit de déplacer certains mots pour rendre la première phrase du quatrième alinéa « plus fluide ». D’autres amendements similaires pour « alléger les formulations » ou ajouter une simple conjonction de coordination sont à venir. Certains d’entre eux font même semblant d’être mieux-disants. Ceux qui nous écoutent doivent comprendre ce que certains collègues de droite sont en train de faire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Leur objectif est d’obtenir une modification du texte – quand bien même elle serait absolument ridicule –, afin qu’il soit de nouveau transmis au Sénat avant de revenir, à une date indéterminée, à l’Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640479",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640479"
   ],
   "order": 393,
   "text": "Il s’agit pour eux de gagner du temps – selon le fameux « courage, fuyons » – et de ne surtout rien voter aujourd’hui qui contraindrait l’industrie à protéger notre santé et la ressource en eau. Ils cherchent à gagner du temps au profit d’intérêts privés, industriels et financiers, et au mépris de la santé de tous. C’est inacceptable ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 393,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640479",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N41f95e213064",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BIP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit pour eux de gagner du temps – selon le fameux « courage, fuyons » – et de ne surtout rien voter aujourd’hui qui contraindrait l’industrie à protéger notre santé et la ressource en eau. Ils cherchent à gagner du temps au profit d’intérêts privés, industriels et financiers, et au mépris de la santé de tous. C’est inacceptable ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640482",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640482"
   ],
   "order": 396,
   "text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 70 du règlement. Nous débattons tranquillement, sur le fond… Sur la forme aussi, entends-je : vous avez raison, c’est très important s’agissant d’un texte de loi –, et j’aimerais qu’on évite les anathèmes. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS.) Je n’ai que dix amendements à défendre : vous pensez vraiment que j’essaie de gagner du temps ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Rappels au règlement",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3639680",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 396,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640482",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "Nac204ccecf30",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 70 du règlement. Nous débattons tranquillement, sur le fond… Sur la forme aussi, entends-je : vous avez raison, c’est très important s’agissant d’un texte de loi –, et j’aimerais qu’on évite les anathèmes. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je n’ai que dix amendements à défendre : vous pensez vraiment que j’essaie de gagner du temps ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640497"
   ],
   "order": 411,
   "text": "J’ignore si Mme la ministre, qui évoque son passé dans l’industrie, a elle-même dirigé de petites entreprises industrielles dans les territoires. C’est mon cas : je suis député et entrepreneur…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "34",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 411,
   "amendments": [
    "34"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640497",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nac067be6f815",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "J’ignore si Mme la ministre, qui évoque son passé dans l’industrie, a elle-même dirigé de petites entreprises industrielles dans les territoires. C’est mon cas : je suis député et entrepreneur…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640499",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640499"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "…et je constate sur le terrain les difficultés que présentent toutes ces normes. C’est très bien que vous ayez travaillé dans l’industrie, madame la ministre, mais je ne sais pas que c’était dans la petite et moyenne industrie !Monsieur Di Filippo, vous avez affirmé que les lobbyistes ne vous avaient pas appelé ; c’est bien triste ! Surtout, cela laisse planer un doute sur l’intégrité de cette assemblée, qui aurait été visitée par les lobbyistes. Je suis donc un peu circonspect quant à votre prise de position.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "34",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 413,
   "amendments": [
    "34"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640499",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "N23fde0ad278c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…et je constate sur le terrain les difficultés que présentent toutes ces normes. C’est très bien que vous ayez travaillé dans l’industrie, madame la ministre, mais je ne sais pas que c’était dans la petite et moyenne industrie !Monsieur Di Filippo, vous avez affirmé que les lobbyistes ne vous avaient pas appelé ; c’est bien triste ! Surtout, cela laisse planer un doute sur l’intégrité de cette assemblée, qui aurait été visitée par les lobbyistes. Je suis donc un peu circonspect quant à votre prise de position."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640502"
   ],
   "order": 416,
   "text": "Pour ce qui concerne l’amendement no 34, le texte examiné contient plusieurs dates – 2026, 2028, 2030 –, on s’y perd ! Il faut faire simple. Les entrepreneurs nous disent en général : « Si vous voulez nous aider à l’Assemblée, ne changez rien, car vous passez votre temps à tout changer, et on ne s’y retrouve plus ! »L’UDR propose donc de retenir une date unique – 2030 – qui donnera aux entrepreneurs et aux industriels le temps d’aller dans le sens que nous souhaitons. (Applaudissements les bancs du groupe UDR et sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "34",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 416,
   "amendments": [
    "34"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640502",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 99,
   "annotation_id": "Nead61227494b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ce qui concerne l’amendement no 34, le texte examiné contient plusieurs dates – 2026, 2028, 2030 –, on s’y perd ! Il faut faire simple. Les entrepreneurs nous disent en général : « Si vous voulez nous aider à l’Assemblée, ne changez rien, car vous passez votre temps à tout changer, et on ne s’y retrouve plus ! »L’[GROUPE] propose donc de retenir une date unique – 2030 – qui donnera aux entrepreneurs et aux industriels le temps d’aller dans le sens que nous souhaitons. (Applaudissements les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641214",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641214"
   ],
   "order": 419,
   "text": "L’état des connaissances scientifiques, je l’ai dit tout à l’heure, ne permet pas de se forger un avis définitif et complet sur la dangerosité des produits. Il faut donc décaler la date d’entrée en vigueur de la loi, le temps de faire sereinement la part des choses. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "22",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 419,
   "amendments": [
    "22"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641214",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N9c2932bd87e2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’état des connaissances scientifiques, je l’ai dit tout à l’heure, ne permet pas de se forger un avis définitif et complet sur la dangerosité des produits. Il faut donc décaler la date d’entrée en vigueur de la loi, le temps de faire sereinement la part des choses. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641217",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641217"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "Je suis surpris : vous prenez la parole au nom des industriels, mais – vous le savez – l’Union des industries textiles a informé les sénateurs et moi-même qu’elle plaidait pour une adoption conforme du texte. Il en va de même pour le secteur des cosmétiques ou pour les fabricants de fart pour les skis : vous êtes plus maximalistes que les industriels.Alertes scientifiques, attente citoyenne immense, industriels favorables à une adoption conforme : rien de tout cela, je m’en étonne plus encore, ne semble assez pour vous. Avis défavorable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 422,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641217",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "Ncade95ba8e7b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis surpris : vous prenez la parole au nom des industriels, mais – vous le savez – l’Union des industries textiles a informé les sénateurs et moi-même qu’elle plaidait pour une adoption conforme du texte. Il en va de même pour le secteur des cosmétiques ou pour les fabricants de fart pour les skis : vous êtes plus maximalistes que les industriels.Alertes scientifiques, attente citoyenne immense, industriels favorables à une adoption conforme : rien de tout cela, je m’en étonne plus encore, ne semble assez pour vous. Avis défavorable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641225",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641225"
   ],
   "order": 430,
   "text": "Je ne réagirais pas à la bêtise futile de notre collègue Clouet, qui aurait mieux fait de se taire – comme souvent.Ces deux amendements témoignent de l’incohérence des positions du Rassemblement national. En défense du premier d’entre eux, nous avons entendu un grand plaidoyer pour une date unique – 2030 –, mais l’autre amendement que ce groupe défend dans la discussion commune mentionne, lui, la date de 2028. (M. Emeric Salmon s’exclame.)Je reprends à mon compte l’argument du rapporteur, parfaitement juste et cohérent.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 430,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641225",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "Nd3a64be0ed53",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne réagirais pas à la bêtise futile de notre collègue Clouet, qui aurait mieux fait de se taire – comme souvent.Ces deux amendements témoignent de l’incohérence des positions du [GROUPE]. En défense du premier d’entre eux, nous avons entendu un grand plaidoyer pour une date unique – 2030 –, mais l’autre amendement que ce groupe défend dans la discussion commune mentionne, lui, la date de 2028. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)Je reprends à mon compte l’argument du rapporteur, parfaitement juste et cohérent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641229",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641229"
   ],
   "order": 434,
   "text": "Les industriels concernés par cette loi l’approuvent. Vous essayez de nous faire croire que vous représentez l’industrie cosmétique et l’industrie textile mieux qu’elles ne se représentent elles-mêmes : c’est absurde.J’ai l’impression de revivre le débat sur les voitures électriques : vous nous expliquiez qu’il ne faut pas nous diriger vers une interdiction des moteurs thermiques en 2035, au motif que les constructeurs n’auraient pas le temps de s’y adapter, quand ces derniers y sont en fait eux-mêmes favorables.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 434,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641229",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "Ned457cfb4751",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les industriels concernés par cette loi l’approuvent. Vous essayez de nous faire croire que vous représentez l’industrie cosmétique et l’industrie textile mieux qu’elles ne se représentent elles-mêmes : c’est absurde.J’ai l’impression de revivre le débat sur les voitures électriques : vous nous expliquiez qu’il ne faut pas nous diriger vers une interdiction des moteurs thermiques en 2035, au motif que les constructeurs n’auraient pas le temps de s’y adapter, quand ces derniers y sont en fait eux-mêmes favorables."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641232",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641232"
   ],
   "order": 437,
   "text": "Le texte que nous examinons aujourd’hui a fait l’objet d’un certain nombre de consensus. Les industriels n’étant pas prêts, nous avions, en première lecture et à l’issue de discussions mouvementées, sorti le téflon utilisé dans les poêles et les casseroles du périmètre de la proposition de loi. Le texte que nous examinons aujourd’hui est donc un texte raisonnable, qui va dans le bon sens. Il a été adopté à une large majorité par les sénateurs – républicains notamment. Adoptons-le de manière conforme, sans ces amendements ridicules. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 437,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641232",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N2ef90cf95455",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte que nous examinons aujourd’hui a fait l’objet d’un certain nombre de consensus. Les industriels n’étant pas prêts, nous avions, en première lecture et à l’issue de discussions mouvementées, sorti le téflon utilisé dans les poêles et les casseroles du périmètre de la proposition de loi. Le texte que nous examinons aujourd’hui est donc un texte raisonnable, qui va dans le bon sens. Il a été adopté à une large majorité par les sénateurs – républicains notamment. Adoptons-le de manière conforme, sans ces amendements ridicules. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641237",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641237"
   ],
   "order": 442,
   "text": "Quand je précisais que je n’avais pas été contacté par des lobbyistes, c’était pour devancer certains procès. Personne ne peut, ici, prétendre parler au nom des victimes ou au nom des industries – tout le monde est député de la nation.Vous dites que certaines industries se félicitent d’une date avancée : bien entendu, mais l’industrie cosmétique n’est pas l’industrie du téflon ou du textile. Les intérêts des uns et des autres diffèrent, et ce que nous essayons de dégager, dans nos débats, c’est l’intérêt général.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 442,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641237",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd484ee5a121",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quand je précisais que je n’avais pas été contacté par des lobbyistes, c’était pour devancer certains procès. Personne ne peut, ici, prétendre parler au nom des victimes ou au nom des industries – tout le monde est député de la nation.Vous dites que certaines industries se félicitent d’une date avancée : bien entendu, mais l’industrie cosmétique n’est pas l’industrie du téflon ou du textile. Les intérêts des uns et des autres diffèrent, et ce que nous essayons de dégager, dans nos débats, c’est l’intérêt général."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641240",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641240"
   ],
   "order": 445,
   "text": "Que nos débats durent jusqu’à douze ou treize heures, que le texte soit voté aujourd’hui ou revienne dans un mois, sa date d’entrée en vigueur restera la même. N’accusez pas certains d’entre nous d’essayer de gagner du temps et essayez plutôt de débattre du fond.Le docteur Philippe Juvin…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 445,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641240",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "Nde972bdd61cd",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Que nos débats durent jusqu’à douze ou treize heures, que le texte soit voté aujourd’hui ou revienne dans un mois, sa date d’entrée en vigueur restera la même. N’accusez pas certains d’entre nous d’essayer de gagner du temps et essayez plutôt de débattre du fond.Le docteur [PERSONNE]…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641243",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641243"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "…a dit qu’entre les deux types de molécules, la dangerosité pouvait varier : quelle réponse apportez-vous sur ce point ?Autre question : comment contrôler, aux frontières, les produits importés susceptibles de contenir des Pfas ?Si personne, ici, n’est chimiste et spécialiste de la question, on aimerait tout de même avoir des réponses précises et pouvoir ainsi nous prononcer en toute connaissance de cause – sans nous jeter mutuellement des anathèmes à la figure.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 448,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641243",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N8cdb8697e14d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…a dit qu’entre les deux types de molécules, la dangerosité pouvait varier : quelle réponse apportez-vous sur ce point ?Autre question : comment contrôler, aux frontières, les produits importés susceptibles de contenir des Pfas ?Si personne, ici, n’est chimiste et spécialiste de la question, on aimerait tout de même avoir des réponses précises et pouvoir ainsi nous prononcer en toute connaissance de cause – sans nous jeter mutuellement des anathèmes à la figure."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641247",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641247"
   ],
   "order": 452,
   "text": "Je le redis, pour éviter que l’on revienne sur cette question dès les prochaines minutes : sans cette loi, il n’y a pas de possibilité de contrôle sur les produits importés – avec elle, il y en a, et le niveau des contrôles sera augmenté quelles que soient les forces dont nous disposons pour le faire.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 452,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641247",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N8c6399d7ea4f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je le redis, pour éviter que l’on revienne sur cette question dès les prochaines minutes : sans cette loi, il n’y a pas de possibilité de contrôle sur les produits importés – avec elle, il y en a, et le niveau des contrôles sera augmenté quelles que soient les forces dont nous disposons pour le faire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641249",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641249"
   ],
   "order": 454,
   "text": "Ces contrôles pourront être réalisés par les douanes, la DGCCRF, la Dreal – relevant du ministère de la transition écologique.Sur l’opposition des molécules dangereuses et de celles qui ne le sont pas, mon propos liminaire était, je crois, très clair. Je salue les compétences médicales du député Juvin : des molécules ont en effet été interdites du fait d’une dangerosité avérée, d’autres relèvent de ce qu’on appelle le low concern – molécules à faible incidence – quand d’autres font encore l’objet d’interrogations. Des études se poursuivent pour lever les doutes qui subsistent à propos de l’impact des monomères, molécules dont les chaînes sont les plus petites et passent les barrières cellulaires. Ce sont probablement les Pfas qui posent le plus problème.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 454,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641249",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "N55157769f629",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ces contrôles pourront être réalisés par les douanes, la DGCCRF, la Dreal – relevant du ministère de la transition écologique.Sur l’opposition des molécules dangereuses et de celles qui ne le sont pas, mon propos liminaire était, je crois, très clair. Je salue les compétences médicales du député Juvin : des molécules ont en effet été interdites du fait d’une dangerosité avérée, d’autres relèvent de ce qu’on appelle le low concern – molécules à faible incidence – quand d’autres font encore l’objet d’interrogations. Des études se poursuivent pour lever les doutes qui subsistent à propos de l’impact des monomères, molécules dont les chaînes sont les plus petites et passent les barrières cellulaires. Ce sont probablement les Pfas qui posent le plus problème."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641261",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641261"
   ],
   "order": 466,
   "text": "Chers collègues, soyez rassurés : quoi qu’il arrive, même si un amendement rédactionnel améliorant la qualité du texte venait à être adopté, la date d’application de ce dernier n’en serait aucunement différée. Cela nous donnera peut-être un peu plus de travail, mais le plaisir de nous retrouver n’a pas de prix.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "22",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 466,
   "amendments": [
    "22"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641261",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "Nc892f2da9823",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues, soyez rassurés : quoi qu’il arrive, même si un amendement rédactionnel améliorant la qualité du texte venait à être adopté, la date d’application de ce dernier n’en serait aucunement différée. Cela nous donnera peut-être un peu plus de travail, mais le plaisir de nous retrouver n’a pas de prix."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641263",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641263"
   ],
   "order": 469,
   "text": "Mon amendement concerne l’alinéa 8, rédigé ainsi : « Tout produit textile d’habillement, toute chaussure et tous agents imperméabilisants de produits textiles d’habillement et de chaussures destinés aux consommateurs contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées, à l’exception des textiles d’habillement et des chaussures qui sont conçus pour la protection et la sécurité des personnes, notamment dans l’accomplissement des missions de défense nationale ou de sécurité civile, et dont la liste est précisée par décret. »Par cet amendement rédactionnel, nous proposons de rajouter, après le mot « consommateurs », le mot « et », afin de préciser que le mot « contenant » ne se rattache pas au mot « consommateurs » mais bien aux éléments de la liste commencée au début de l’alinéa. Cette amélioration, qui n’est pas seulement grammaticale, restitue tout son sens à l’alinéa – vous le reconnaîtrez bien, et je ne vois pas qui pourrait s’y opposer.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "22",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 469,
   "amendments": [
    "22"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641263",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 150,
   "annotation_id": "N64ba864e99a5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement concerne l’alinéa 8, rédigé ainsi : « Tout produit textile d’habillement, toute chaussure et tous agents imperméabilisants de produits textiles d’habillement et de chaussures destinés aux consommateurs contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées, à l’exception des textiles d’habillement et des chaussures qui sont conçus pour la protection et la sécurité des personnes, notamment dans l’accomplissement des missions de défense nationale ou de sécurité civile, et dont la liste est précisée par décret. »Par cet amendement rédactionnel, nous proposons de rajouter, après le mot « consommateurs », le mot « et », afin de préciser que le mot « contenant » ne se rattache pas au mot « consommateurs » mais bien aux éléments de la liste commencée au début de l’alinéa. Cette amélioration, qui n’est pas seulement grammaticale, restitue tout son sens à l’alinéa – vous le reconnaîtrez bien, et je ne vois pas qui pourrait s’y opposer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641271",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641271"
   ],
   "order": 477,
   "text": "Il va être compliqué d’employer nos douaniers à d’autres tâches que le contrôle de chaque tee-shirt qui entre en France à partir d’un autre pays européen : voilà ce qu’expliquait Roland Lescure, le ministre de l’industrie aux bancs du gouvernement lors de la première lecture du texte – il est aujourd’hui vice-président de l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 477,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641271",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N5f1305540bef",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il va être compliqué d’employer nos douaniers à d’autres tâches que le contrôle de chaque tee-shirt qui entre en France à partir d’un autre pays européen : voilà ce qu’expliquait [PERSONNE], le ministre de l’industrie aux bancs du gouvernement lors de la première lecture du texte – il est aujourd’hui vice-président de l’Assemblée nationale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641274",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641274"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "C’est donc un texte chimérique par lequel nous créerions nous-mêmes une situation de concurrence déloyale au profit des produits chinois. Ceux que vous défendez réellement, monsieur Cazeneuve, ce sont les écologistes et les Chinois – pas les industriels ou les victimes de la pollution. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 480,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641274",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N4fb10c1ca1d0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "C’est donc un texte chimérique par lequel nous créerions nous-mêmes une situation de concurrence déloyale au profit des produits chinois. Ceux que vous défendez réellement, monsieur Cazeneuve, ce sont les écologistes et les Chinois – pas les industriels ou les victimes de la pollution. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641278",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641278"
   ],
   "order": 484,
   "text": "Mais le texte ne distingue pas entre ceux qui sont dangereux, qu’il faut interdire, et ceux qui ne le sont pas. Je n’ai toujours pas de réponse à cette question fondamentale. (Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 484,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641278",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Nb609e98da278",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mais le texte ne distingue pas entre ceux qui sont dangereux, qu’il faut interdire, et ceux qui ne le sont pas. Je n’ai toujours pas de réponse à cette question fondamentale. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641281",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641281"
   ],
   "order": 487,
   "text": "Si j’espère, avec mon collègue Philippe Juvin, que nous obtiendrons des réponses sur le fond, nous aurons en tout cas essayé de faire œuvre utile pour la langue française et la légistique (Sourires sur plusieurs bancs) – l’adoption de votre texte, chers collègues, n’en sera pas empêchée pour autant.On trouve dans l’alinéa 8, qui déjà n’est formé que d’une seule longue phrase, une formulation plutôt lourde ; or l’intelligibilité de la loi importe à nos concitoyens. Je cite : « à l’exception des textiles d’habillement et des chaussures qui sont conçus pour la protection et la sécurité des personnes, notamment dans l’accomplissement des missions de défense nationale ou de sécurité civile, et dont la liste est précisée par décret. » Le « qui sont » ne sert à rien. Nous pourrions écrire : « à l’exception des textiles d’habillement et des chaussures conçus pour la protection et la sécurité des personnes. »Certains d’entre vous commencent à être sensibles à mes arguments grammaticaux (M. Hadrien Clouet sourit) : je vais continuer à faire œuvre utile, dans l’espoir que nous puissions améliorer ce texte.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "4",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 487,
   "amendments": [
    "4"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641281",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 182,
   "annotation_id": "Neba8e7777d50",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si j’espère, avec mon collègue [PERSONNE], que nous obtiendrons des réponses sur le fond, nous aurons en tout cas essayé de faire œuvre utile pour la langue française et la légistique (Sourires sur plusieurs bancs) – l’adoption de votre texte, chers collègues, n’en sera pas empêchée pour autant.On trouve dans l’alinéa 8, qui déjà n’est formé que d’une seule longue phrase, une formulation plutôt lourde ; or l’intelligibilité de la loi importe à nos concitoyens. Je cite : « à l’exception des textiles d’habillement et des chaussures qui sont conçus pour la protection et la sécurité des personnes, notamment dans l’accomplissement des missions de défense nationale ou de sécurité civile, et dont la liste est précisée par décret. » Le « qui sont » ne sert à rien. Nous pourrions écrire : « à l’exception des textiles d’habillement et des chaussures conçus pour la protection et la sécurité des personnes. »Certains d’entre vous commencent à être sensibles à mes arguments grammaticaux (M. [PERSONNE] sourit) : je vais continuer à faire œuvre utile, dans l’espoir que nous puissions améliorer ce texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641286",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641286"
   ],
   "order": 492,
   "text": "Par cet amendement de repli, nous demandons que le décret venant préciser la liste mentionnée à l’alinéa 8 soit pris en concertation avec les acteurs concernés.Dans l’industrie, dans le BTP – bâtiment et travaux publics –, dans les métiers liés à la défense nationale ou à la sécurité civile, il n’existe pas d’alternative aux Pfas. Il en va de même pour les joints de nos voitures : l’industrie automobile se verrait ainsi condamnée. Vous ne vous rendez pas compte des conséquences possibles de cette loi, surtout si elle ne fait que commencer un processus – c’est l’effet cliquet. Les écologistes veulent aller plus loin encore, eux qui regrettent les exemptions dont bénéficie notamment l’industrie des ustensiles de cuisine.Mais j’ai l’impression aujourd’hui que tous les députés ont adhéré à Europe Écologie-Les Verts. Il faut arrêter de légiférer avec une forme d’effroi et sans aucune étude d’impact. Je me demande si un jour nous nous réveillerons : arrêtons de pousser le principe de précaution jusqu’à l’idée complètement dingue que l’activité humaine tue. Tel est l’esprit d’une proposition de loi comme celle-ci. C’est toujours la même chose avec les écologistes ;…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "11",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 492,
   "amendments": [
    "11"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641286",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 188,
   "annotation_id": "Nc1ba6270e0ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement de repli, nous demandons que le décret venant préciser la liste mentionnée à l’alinéa 8 soit pris en concertation avec les acteurs concernés.Dans l’industrie, dans le BTP – bâtiment et travaux publics –, dans les métiers liés à la défense nationale ou à la sécurité civile, il n’existe pas d’alternative aux Pfas. Il en va de même pour les joints de nos voitures : l’industrie automobile se verrait ainsi condamnée. Vous ne vous rendez pas compte des conséquences possibles de cette loi, surtout si elle ne fait que commencer un processus – c’est l’effet cliquet. Les écologistes veulent aller plus loin encore, eux qui regrettent les exemptions dont bénéficie notamment l’industrie des ustensiles de cuisine.Mais j’ai l’impression aujourd’hui que tous les députés ont adhéré à Europe Écologie-Les Verts. Il faut arrêter de légiférer avec une forme d’effroi et sans aucune étude d’impact. Je me demande si un jour nous nous réveillerons : arrêtons de pousser le principe de précaution jusqu’à l’idée complètement dingue que l’activité humaine tue. Tel est l’esprit d’une proposition de loi comme celle-ci. C’est toujours la même chose avec les écologistes ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641514"
   ],
   "order": 500,
   "text": "Le décret auquel renvoie l’article 1er sera éventuellement soumis à consultation du public et des entreprises, qui pourront faire valoir leur avis et apporter des informations. Il n’est pas coutume de prévoir une concertation dans la loi. Il appartient au pouvoir réglementaire de préciser par décret la liste exhaustive des exceptions en réunissant les informations nécessaires. C’est bien ce que le texte prévoit. Mon avis est donc défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 500,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641514",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Nec8e363f2ce7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le décret auquel renvoie l’article 1er sera éventuellement soumis à consultation du public et des entreprises, qui pourront faire valoir leur avis et apporter des informations. Il n’est pas coutume de prévoir une concertation dans la loi. Il appartient au pouvoir réglementaire de préciser par décret la liste exhaustive des exceptions en réunissant les informations nécessaires. C’est bien ce que le texte prévoit. Mon avis est donc défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641516",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641516"
   ],
   "order": 502,
   "text": "Demande de retrait car l’amendement est satisfait : l’article 7 de la Charte de l’environnement prévoit que tout décret de cette nature fait l’objet d’une concertation et d’une consultation. C’est normal.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 502,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641516",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N5bc8009b2b0b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Demande de retrait car l’amendement est satisfait : l’article 7 de la Charte de l’environnement prévoit que tout décret de cette nature fait l’objet d’une concertation et d’une consultation. C’est normal."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641518",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641518"
   ],
   "order": 504,
   "text": "L’alinéa visé dans l’amendement prend en compte les industries de défense et les textiles très spécialisés pour lesquels il n’existe pas encore de solution de rechange. C’est grâce à la concertation conduite par M. le rapporteur et M. le ministre au moment de l’écriture du texte : les industriels ont fait part de leurs problèmes et les textiles très spécifiques ont été retirés du champ d’application de la loi.Je le répète, cette loi instaure un équilibre intelligent : elle interdit les Pfas dans les industries qui sont prêtes à le faire et qui ont envie de s’engager dans cette voie, et elle exonère ceux qui ne sont pas en mesure d’avancer. Les textiles que vous ciblez dans l’amendement sont déjà concernés et la concertation a déjà eu lieu ; votre amendement est donc inutile.S’agissant de votre vision de l’écologie, il n’y a aucun doute : le Rassemblement national est climatosceptique. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Il pense que le réchauffement climatique et le dérèglement du vivant ne posent aucun problème. Vous êtes parfaitement constants en la matière, et vous le resterez lorsque nous examinerons la proposition de loi, inscrite ce jeudi à l’ordre du jour, visant à protéger durablement la qualité de l’eau potable : vous ferez tout pour bloquer des améliorations concrètes.Monsieur Meurin, 17 millions de Français ont bu de l’eau non potable en 2024. C’est le défi que nous essayons de relever modestement aujourd’hui. Vous devriez vous en préoccuper. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR et HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 504,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641518",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 252,
   "annotation_id": "N016912c75d65",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’alinéa visé dans l’amendement prend en compte les industries de défense et les textiles très spécialisés pour lesquels il n’existe pas encore de solution de rechange. C’est grâce à la concertation conduite par M. le rapporteur et M. le ministre au moment de l’écriture du texte : les industriels ont fait part de leurs problèmes et les textiles très spécifiques ont été retirés du champ d’application de la loi.Je le répète, cette loi instaure un équilibre intelligent : elle interdit les Pfas dans les industries qui sont prêtes à le faire et qui ont envie de s’engager dans cette voie, et elle exonère ceux qui ne sont pas en mesure d’avancer. Les textiles que vous ciblez dans l’amendement sont déjà concernés et la concertation a déjà eu lieu ; votre amendement est donc inutile.S’agissant de votre vision de l’écologie, il n’y a aucun doute : le [GROUPE] est climatosceptique. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Il pense que le réchauffement climatique et le dérèglement du vivant ne posent aucun problème. Vous êtes parfaitement constants en la matière, et vous le resterez lorsque nous examinerons la proposition de loi, inscrite ce jeudi à l’ordre du jour, visant à protéger durablement la qualité de l’eau potable : vous ferez tout pour bloquer des améliorations concrètes.Monsieur Meurin, 17 millions de Français ont bu de l’eau non potable en 2024. C’est le défi que nous essayons de relever modestement aujourd’hui. Vous devriez vous en préoccuper. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641526",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641526"
   ],
   "order": 512,
   "text": "Monsieur Cazeneuve, vous défendez l’industrie chinoise contre l’industrie française. Il n’y a pas plus contraire au climat que de défendre des industries qui se trouvent à des milliers de kilomètres de chez nous, contre notre souveraineté. C’est exactement l’effet qu’aura ce texte.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 512,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641526",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "N6779d879d6e7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Cazeneuve, vous défendez l’industrie chinoise contre l’industrie française. Il n’y a pas plus contraire au climat que de défendre des industries qui se trouvent à des milliers de kilomètres de chez nous, contre notre souveraineté. C’est exactement l’effet qu’aura ce texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641530",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641530"
   ],
   "order": 516,
   "text": "…fabrique de l’acide trifluoroacétique. Le TFA, qui n’est pas visé par le texte, n’est pas interdit aujourd’hui par les normes européennes, mais Solvay anticipe car elle voit quelle est la tendance avec ce type de texte. Elle ferme l’usine de Salindres ; les soixante-huit salariés se retrouvent sur le carreau, avec des crédits immobiliers. C’était la seule usine d’Europe à fabriquer ces TFA. Ces excipients servent à fabriquer des traitements antiviraux et contre le cancer. Les interdictions menacent aussi notre souveraineté médicale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.) On a besoin de ces molécules : nous continuerons à en importer de Chine.Madame la ministre, je n’ai toujours pas obtenu de réponse concernant les contrôles des importations. M. Lescure, ministre de l’industrie d’un précédent gouvernement, nous expliquait qu’il n’y aurait pas de contrôles et qu’il serait impossible de les effectuer. Nous tuerons donc nos industries et nous favoriserons, comme d’habitude, l’industrie chinoise – on a fait la même chose pour les voitures électriques. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 516,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641530",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 172,
   "annotation_id": "N1fc4e0283757",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…fabrique de l’acide trifluoroacétique. Le TFA, qui n’est pas visé par le texte, n’est pas interdit aujourd’hui par les normes européennes, mais Solvay anticipe car elle voit quelle est la tendance avec ce type de texte. Elle ferme l’usine de Salindres ; les soixante-huit salariés se retrouvent sur le carreau, avec des crédits immobiliers. C’était la seule usine d’Europe à fabriquer ces TFA. Ces excipients servent à fabriquer des traitements antiviraux et contre le cancer. Les interdictions menacent aussi notre souveraineté médicale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) On a besoin de ces molécules : nous continuerons à en importer de Chine.Madame la ministre, je n’ai toujours pas obtenu de réponse concernant les contrôles des importations. M. Lescure, ministre de l’industrie d’un précédent gouvernement, nous expliquait qu’il n’y aurait pas de contrôles et qu’il serait impossible de les effectuer. Nous tuerons donc nos industries et nous favoriserons, comme d’habitude, l’industrie chinoise – on a fait la même chose pour les voitures électriques. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641534",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641534"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "La répétition d’un mensonge n’en fait pas une vérité, monsieur le député. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et SOC – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Je suis désolée de le répéter – je le dis avec beaucoup de calme. Ce que contestait mon collègue Roland Lescure, avec lequel je travaille très bien depuis des années, c’était l’application du texte aux ustensiles de cuisine. Pour le coup, nous ne disposions pas de faits établis sur la dangerosité. C’était plutôt le contraire : les usines ont renoncé à un Pfas dangereux au profit d’un Pfas qui entre dans la catégorie low concern. Ensuite, nous constations que toutes les marchandises importées ne peuvent pas être contrôlées – vous avez raison.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 519,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641534",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "N2fd52f4008ed",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La répétition d’un mensonge n’en fait pas une vérité, monsieur le député. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je suis désolée de le répéter – je le dis avec beaucoup de calme. Ce que contestait mon collègue [PERSONNE], avec lequel je travaille très bien depuis des années, c’était l’application du texte aux ustensiles de cuisine. Pour le coup, nous ne disposions pas de faits établis sur la dangerosité. C’était plutôt le contraire : les usines ont renoncé à un Pfas dangereux au profit d’un Pfas qui entre dans la catégorie low concern. Ensuite, nous constations que toutes les marchandises importées ne peuvent pas être contrôlées – vous avez raison."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641536",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641536"
   ],
   "order": 521,
   "text": "J’entends votre préoccupation pour le secteur de la défense, mais, sauf erreur, les produits cosmétiques ou le fart sont peu présents dans les usages de défense stratégique. C’est un peu un faux débat, vous en conviendrez. Vous avez peut-être d’autres arrière-pensées.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 521,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641536",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nb736710f8461",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’entends votre préoccupation pour le secteur de la défense, mais, sauf erreur, les produits cosmétiques ou le fart sont peu présents dans les usages de défense stratégique. C’est un peu un faux débat, vous en conviendrez. Vous avez peut-être d’autres arrière-pensées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641538",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641538"
   ],
   "order": 523,
   "text": "Il est question d’usages dont les industriels français nous disent qu’ils sont raccord et qu’ils peuvent s’en passer. C’est un moyen de contrôler les marchandises étrangères. Même si ce n’est pas pleinement satisfaisant, l’interdiction permet de contrôler, contrairement à la position du zéro contrôle qui est la vôtre.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 523,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641538",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "Nf9fbbf642d79",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est question d’usages dont les industriels français nous disent qu’ils sont raccord et qu’ils peuvent s’en passer. C’est un moyen de contrôler les marchandises étrangères. Même si ce n’est pas pleinement satisfaisant, l’interdiction permet de contrôler, contrairement à la position du zéro contrôle qui est la vôtre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641549",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641549"
   ],
   "order": 534,
   "text": "Si, vous allez voir, il y a vraiment un lien. S’agissant de nos amendements et de la longueur des textes que nous écrivons, il avait dit que nous étions parfois atteints d’incontinence législative. Nous devrions légiférer moins mais mieux : c’est ce que j’essaie de vous apporter aujourd’hui.L’alinéa 9 est rédigé de la même manière que l’alinéa 4 que je voulais modifier par mon amendement no 1 :…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 534,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641549",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "N0991b764565a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si, vous allez voir, il y a vraiment un lien. S’agissant de nos amendements et de la longueur des textes que nous écrivons, il avait dit que nous étions parfois atteints d’incontinence législative. Nous devrions légiférer moins mais mieux : c’est ce que j’essaie de vous apporter aujourd’hui.L’alinéa 9 est rédigé de la même manière que l’alinéa 4 que je voulais modifier par mon amendement no 1 :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641553",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641553"
   ],
   "order": 539,
   "text": "…la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit de tout produit textile contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées […] » – notez que ma prononciation devient plus fluide à chacune de mes prises de parole – « à l’exception des produits textiles nécessaires à des utilisations essentielles, de ceux contribuant à l’exercice de la souveraineté nationale et pour lesquels il n’existe pas de solution de substitution et des textiles techniques à usage industriel, dont la liste est précisée par décret. »Je le répète, la position du verbe est absolument inconvenante. C’est pourquoi je propose de supprimer « sont interdites » au début et de la rajouter après la date : « à compter du 1er janvier 2030, sont interdites la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché ». Je vous rappelle mon argument. Mieux rédiger le texte ne changera en aucun cas sa date d’entrée…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 539,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641553",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 154,
   "annotation_id": "N13fee44825ce",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché à titre onéreux ou gratuit de tout produit textile contenant des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées […] » – notez que ma prononciation devient plus fluide à chacune de mes prises de parole – « à l’exception des produits textiles nécessaires à des utilisations essentielles, de ceux contribuant à l’exercice de la souveraineté nationale et pour lesquels il n’existe pas de solution de substitution et des textiles techniques à usage industriel, dont la liste est précisée par décret. »Je le répète, la position du verbe est absolument inconvenante. C’est pourquoi je propose de supprimer « sont interdites » au début et de la rajouter après la date : « à compter du 1er janvier 2030, sont interdites la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché ». Je vous rappelle mon argument. Mieux rédiger le texte ne changera en aucun cas sa date d’entrée…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641561",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641561"
   ],
   "order": 547,
   "text": "Tout d’abord, la répétition d’inepties, d’approximations et de mensonges, ne fait pas des vérités. Oui, monsieur Meurin, l’activité humaine tue. On pourrait citer de nombreux chiffres, je me limiterai à un seul : 40 000 morts par an sont attribuables à la qualité de l’air. Ensuite, Mme la ministre l’a souligné, l’amendement précédent est complètement satisfait : tous les industriels qui produisent du fart, des textiles et des cosmétiques soutiennent le texte. Arrêtons de perdre du temps !Enfin, je vous l’apprends peut-être, l’écologie n’est pas que l’affaire d’Europe Écologie-Les Verts. Ce sujet concerne aussi la droite – nous l’assumons complètement sur ces bancs. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.) J’en veux pour preuve le fait que sur une journée de niche écologiste, seuls deux textes sur sept concernent l’environnement. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.) Nous pouvons nous aussi revendiquer notre droit à l’écologie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 547,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641561",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 153,
   "annotation_id": "Nf782ee685701",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Tout d’abord, la répétition d’inepties, d’approximations et de mensonges, ne fait pas des vérités. Oui, monsieur Meurin, l’activité humaine tue. On pourrait citer de nombreux chiffres, je me limiterai à un seul : 40 000 morts par an sont attribuables à la qualité de l’air. Ensuite, Mme la ministre l’a souligné, l’amendement précédent est complètement satisfait : tous les industriels qui produisent du fart, des textiles et des cosmétiques soutiennent le texte. Arrêtons de perdre du temps !Enfin, je vous l’apprends peut-être, l’écologie n’est pas que l’affaire d’Europe Écologie-Les Verts. Ce sujet concerne aussi la droite – nous l’assumons complètement sur ces bancs. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.) J’en veux pour preuve le fait que sur une journée de niche [GROUPE], seuls deux textes sur sept concernent l’environnement. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous pouvons nous aussi revendiquer notre droit à l’écologie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720846",
   "speaker": "Bastien Lachaud",
   "quality": "M. Bastien Lachaud",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641566",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641566"
   ],
   "order": 552,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas ce texte qui prive les industriels français de marchés. C’est le gouvernement qui met au tapis l’entreprise Marck & Balsan à Calais (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP). Cette entreprise qui depuis vingt-cinq ans fournissait l’armée de terre en treillis, se voit aujourd’hui préférer une entreprise malgache. C’est ce gouvernement qui délocalise les industries stratégiques !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 552,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641566",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "Na493c41c5885",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas ce texte qui prive les industriels français de marchés. C’est le gouvernement qui met au tapis l’entreprise Marck & Balsan à Calais (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]). Cette entreprise qui depuis vingt-cinq ans fournissait l’armée de terre en treillis, se voit aujourd’hui préférer une entreprise malgache. C’est ce gouvernement qui délocalise les industries stratégiques !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720846",
   "speaker": "Bastien Lachaud",
   "quality": "M. Bastien Lachaud",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641568",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641568"
   ],
   "order": 554,
   "text": "Il n’y a pas besoin pour cela de cette proposition de loi ; en revanche, elle est absolument nécessaire pour préserver la santé de tous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 554,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641568",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N2b0a52f2a00a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’y a pas besoin pour cela de cette proposition de loi ; en revanche, elle est absolument nécessaire pour préserver la santé de tous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641573",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641573"
   ],
   "order": 559,
   "text": "En l’occurrence, on devrait plutôt dire Asie Écologie-Les Verts (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN), puisque vous êtes ici pour défendre l’industrie asiatique contre notre souveraineté industrielle. Pardonnez-moi, je modère mon propos. Vous êtes tous adhérents à Asie Écologie-Les Verts, grâce aux écolos qui n’ont évidemment qu’une obsession : tuer l’activité industrielle française. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "12",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 559,
   "amendments": [
    "12"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641573",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N5723ff2e5c29",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "En l’occurrence, on devrait plutôt dire Asie Écologie-Les Verts (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), puisque vous êtes ici pour défendre l’industrie asiatique contre notre souveraineté industrielle. Pardonnez-moi, je modère mon propos. Vous êtes tous adhérents à Asie Écologie-Les Verts, grâce aux écolos qui n’ont évidemment qu’une obsession : tuer l’activité industrielle française. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841613",
   "speaker": "Marc de Fleurian",
   "quality": "M. Marc de Fleurian",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641580",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641580"
   ],
   "order": 566,
   "text": "Je souhaite répondre au collègue Lachaud qui a évoqué Marck & Balsan à Calais, dans ma circonscription. L’entreprise ne fabriquait pas de treillis mais des uniformes de parade. Les treillis étaient fabriqués par Paul Boyé – j’en ai porté durant plusieurs années. Vous devriez peut-être vous rendre plus souvent sur le terrain pour connaître un peu mieux les dossiers. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 566,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641580",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N9e4ff52eb74c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite répondre au collègue Lachaud qui a évoqué Marck & Balsan à Calais, dans ma circonscription. L’entreprise ne fabriquait pas de treillis mais des uniformes de parade. Les treillis étaient fabriqués par Paul Boyé – j’en ai porté durant plusieurs années. Vous devriez peut-être vous rendre plus souvent sur le terrain pour connaître un peu mieux les dossiers. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641583",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641583"
   ],
   "order": 569,
   "text": "Il existe aussi des textiles à usage de construction. J’ai rencontré deux entreprises qui en fabriquent : elles mériteraient d’être exclues du champ d’application du texte. L’amendement vise à préserver une partie du secteur industriel. On tente là encore d’éponger ce que l’on peut des effets des bêtises proposées par les écologistes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "13",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 569,
   "amendments": [
    "13"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641583",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N7bcb9d1db428",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il existe aussi des textiles à usage de construction. J’ai rencontré deux entreprises qui en fabriquent : elles mériteraient d’être exclues du champ d’application du texte. L’amendement vise à préserver une partie du secteur industriel. On tente là encore d’éponger ce que l’on peut des effets des bêtises proposées par les écologistes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641585",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641585"
   ],
   "order": 571,
   "text": "Le texte, dont j’ignore si vous l’avez lu, prévoit qu’une liste de produits fera l’objet d’une dérogation à partir de 2030. L’une de ces exceptions s’appliquera aux textiles techniques à usage industriel. Il reviendra donc au gouvernement, d’ici à 2030, de préciser par décret quels produits entrent dans cette liste. Mon avis est donc défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 571,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641585",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N81cb568a70e5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte, dont j’ignore si vous l’avez lu, prévoit qu’une liste de produits fera l’objet d’une dérogation à partir de 2030. L’une de ces exceptions s’appliquera aux textiles techniques à usage industriel. Il reviendra donc au gouvernement, d’ici à 2030, de préciser par décret quels produits entrent dans cette liste. Mon avis est donc défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641589",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641589"
   ],
   "order": 575,
   "text": "J’ajouterai un point capital à ce stade du débat – nous essayons de débattre avec un maximum de sincérité d’un maximum de points. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.) Vous n’êtes pas à un quart d’heure près.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 575,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641589",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N3adc16b1d1a1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ajouterai un point capital à ce stade du débat – nous essayons de débattre avec un maximum de sincérité d’un maximum de points. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Vous n’êtes pas à un quart d’heure près."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641591",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641591"
   ],
   "order": 577,
   "text": "Je vous rappelle que lors de la dernière niche du groupe de la Droite républicaine, vous aviez déposé 200 sous-amendements pour essayer de bloquer les débats. N’essayez pas de me faire ce coup-là : il y a seulement une dizaine d’amendements.Si votre but est d’aboutir à un vote conforme sur ce texte et que vous refusez par principe tout débat sur le fond, ayez l’honnêteté de le dire…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 577,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641591",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Nfaaa2503f019",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous rappelle que lors de la dernière niche du groupe de la [GROUPE], vous aviez déposé 200 sous-amendements pour essayer de bloquer les débats. N’essayez pas de me faire ce coup-là : il y a seulement une dizaine d’amendements.Si votre but est d’aboutir à un vote conforme sur ce texte et que vous refusez par principe tout débat sur le fond, ayez l’honnêteté de le dire…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641593",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641593"
   ],
   "order": 580,
   "text": "…aux industriels, aux victimes, aux gens que cela intéresse et aux collègues qui viennent débattre de manière on ne peut plus sincère. (Exclamations et sourires sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)Si votre but est uniquement d’aboutir à un vote conforme, alors ne discutons pas des amendements : passons directement au vote sur le texte et tant pis, on verra ce qu’il se passera (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.) Mais ne faites pas semblant de vous intéresser au sujet ou au sort des victimes et des industriels. Ce n’est pas le cas. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 580,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641593",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N8049d9948dd6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…aux industriels, aux victimes, aux gens que cela intéresse et aux collègues qui viennent débattre de manière on ne peut plus sincère. (Exclamations et sourires sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Si votre but est uniquement d’aboutir à un vote conforme, alors ne discutons pas des amendements : passons directement au vote sur le texte et tant pis, on verra ce qu’il se passera (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Mais ne faites pas semblant de vous intéresser au sujet ou au sort des victimes et des industriels. Ce n’est pas le cas. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640648",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640648"
   ],
   "order": 588,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à faire participer les acteurs économiques nationaux concernés à la définition du seuil minimal qui fait l’objet de l’alinéa 10. Il faut agir en concertation avec eux, car ils sont les mieux placés pour savoir ce qui est possible en matière technologique, en tenant compte bien sûr de l’avis des acteurs scientifiques et médicaux. Pour ne pas exclure les acteurs économiques de la consultation, le mieux est de les citer à l’alinéa 10 de l’article 1er.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "23",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 588,
   "amendments": [
    "23"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640648",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N98123d7806f7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à faire participer les acteurs économiques nationaux concernés à la définition du seuil minimal qui fait l’objet de l’alinéa 10. Il faut agir en concertation avec eux, car ils sont les mieux placés pour savoir ce qui est possible en matière technologique, en tenant compte bien sûr de l’avis des acteurs scientifiques et médicaux. Pour ne pas exclure les acteurs économiques de la consultation, le mieux est de les citer à l’alinéa 10 de l’article 1er."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640656",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640656"
   ],
   "order": 596,
   "text": "Oui, et qui ont lu le texte dans le détail ! En l’occurrence, je quitte le champ grammatical pour en revenir sur le fond, avec l’alinéa 15 qui conclut l’article 1er.Il comprend en effet une disposition importante : « Le ministre chargé de la prévention des risques élabore, conjointement avec le ministre chargé de la santé, une carte, mise à la disposition du public par voie électronique et révisée au moins tous les ans, de l’ensemble des sites ayant pu émettre ou émettant des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées dans l’environnement. Cette carte comporte, lorsqu’elles sont disponibles, des mesures quantitatives des émissions de ces substances dans les milieux. Les actions de dépollution et les seuils maximaux d’émissions de substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées sur l’ensemble des sites émetteurs sont fixés par arrêté. »Je ne pense pas que cette carte soit amenée à changer profondément tous les ans. On se bat beaucoup pour des mesures de simplification, pour arrêter de rajouter de la norme et de surcharger des fonctionnements administratifs déjà extrêmement lourds. Or cette mesure crée une nouvelle carte dont l’élaboration nécessitera la collaboration de deux ministères différents et de plusieurs administrations, et qui devra être révisée tous les ans. C’est pourquoi nous proposons que la carte ne soit révisée que tous les deux ans, pour des motifs de pertinence mais aussi de coût et de faisabilité. En la révisant tous les ans, vous verrez qu’au bout d’un moment, le travail sera bâclé et expédié.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "7",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 596,
   "amendments": [
    "7"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640656",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 243,
   "annotation_id": "Ne2da8ee34c5c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, et qui ont lu le texte dans le détail ! En l’occurrence, je quitte le champ grammatical pour en revenir sur le fond, avec l’alinéa 15 qui conclut l’article 1er.Il comprend en effet une disposition importante : « Le ministre chargé de la prévention des risques élabore, conjointement avec le ministre chargé de la santé, une carte, mise à la disposition du public par voie électronique et révisée au moins tous les ans, de l’ensemble des sites ayant pu émettre ou émettant des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées dans l’environnement. Cette carte comporte, lorsqu’elles sont disponibles, des mesures quantitatives des émissions de ces substances dans les milieux. Les actions de dépollution et les seuils maximaux d’émissions de substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées sur l’ensemble des sites émetteurs sont fixés par arrêté. »Je ne pense pas que cette carte soit amenée à changer profondément tous les ans. On se bat beaucoup pour des mesures de simplification, pour arrêter de rajouter de la norme et de surcharger des fonctionnements administratifs déjà extrêmement lourds. Or cette mesure crée une nouvelle carte dont l’élaboration nécessitera la collaboration de deux ministères différents et de plusieurs administrations, et qui devra être révisée tous les ans. C’est pourquoi nous proposons que la carte ne soit révisée que tous les deux ans, pour des motifs de pertinence mais aussi de coût et de faisabilité. En la révisant tous les ans, vous verrez qu’au bout d’un moment, le travail sera bâclé et expédié."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640659",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640659"
   ],
   "order": 600,
   "text": "Nous tenons à ce que cette carte soit révisée tous les ans. Dès lors qu’elle sera élaborée une première fois, le travail de mise à jour ne consistera qu’à mesurer régulièrement les émissions nouvelles. Si vous êtes attentif à nos débats,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 600,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640659",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N877c64a1d814",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous tenons à ce que cette carte soit révisée tous les ans. Dès lors qu’elle sera élaborée une première fois, le travail de mise à jour ne consistera qu’à mesurer régulièrement les émissions nouvelles. Si vous êtes attentif à nos débats,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640661",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640661"
   ],
   "order": 602,
   "text": "…vous avez entendu la ministre nous dire que le gouvernement, avec l’appui du BRGM, développe des outils pour centraliser les données de la présence de Pfas. Une périodicité d’un an me paraît d’autant moins déraisonnable que nos concitoyens expriment une attente forte en matière d’information et de transparence des données. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 602,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640661",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N6b259382c5de",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…vous avez entendu la ministre nous dire que le gouvernement, avec l’appui du BRGM, développe des outils pour centraliser les données de la présence de Pfas. Une périodicité d’un an me paraît d’autant moins déraisonnable que nos concitoyens expriment une attente forte en matière d’information et de transparence des données. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640663",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640663"
   ],
   "order": 604,
   "text": "Dans la mesure où cette cartographie est déjà en cours d’élaboration, je veux vous rassurer, en vous remerciant d’ailleurs pour votre sollicitude à l’égard des services de l’État. La carte sera mise en ligne d’ici à l’été – le ministère a pu en voir la version bêta – et sera automatiquement mise à jour en fonction des nouvelles mesures et analyses, dont certaines sont obligatoires. La périodicité de sa mise à jour n’est donc en aucun cas problématique et l’alinéa est parfaitement pertinent en l’état. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 604,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640663",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 87,
   "annotation_id": "Naf89d2e66894",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Dans la mesure où cette cartographie est déjà en cours d’élaboration, je veux vous rassurer, en vous remerciant d’ailleurs pour votre sollicitude à l’égard des services de l’État. La carte sera mise en ligne d’ici à l’été – le ministère a pu en voir la version bêta – et sera automatiquement mise à jour en fonction des nouvelles mesures et analyses, dont certaines sont obligatoires. La périodicité de sa mise à jour n’est donc en aucun cas problématique et l’alinéa est parfaitement pertinent en l’état. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640665",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640665"
   ],
   "order": 606,
   "text": "Semaine après semaine, on découvre de nouveaux points de pollution. Depuis trois ans, les prélèvements d’eau potable ont démontré la contamination aux Pfas de cinquante et une unités de production, avec un taux supérieur à 100 nanogrammes par litre. C’est pourquoi la cartographie dont nous débattons est très importante, s’agissant aussi bien des prélèvements d’eau potable que des rejets industriels.Les analyses de l’eau potable et des rejets industriels relèvent des responsabilités respectives des ARS et des Dreal. Elles sont déjà régulièrement mises en ligne – ma région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes est pilote en la matière –, même si leur interprétation est assez complexe. Il est important que nos concitoyens disposent de la réalité de la pollution de l’eau et des rejets industriels.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 606,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640665",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 120,
   "annotation_id": "N9b09f470727a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Semaine après semaine, on découvre de nouveaux points de pollution. Depuis trois ans, les prélèvements d’eau potable ont démontré la contamination aux Pfas de cinquante et une unités de production, avec un taux supérieur à 100 nanogrammes par litre. C’est pourquoi la cartographie dont nous débattons est très importante, s’agissant aussi bien des prélèvements d’eau potable que des rejets industriels.Les analyses de l’eau potable et des rejets industriels relèvent des responsabilités respectives des ARS et des Dreal. Elles sont déjà régulièrement mises en ligne – ma région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes est pilote en la matière –, même si leur interprétation est assez complexe. Il est important que nos concitoyens disposent de la réalité de la pollution de l’eau et des rejets industriels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640669",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640669"
   ],
   "order": 610,
   "text": "Au risque de couper l’herbe sous le pied à mes collègues – ce qui n’est pas très fair-play, je le reconnais –, je profite de cette prise de parole pour m’inscrire d’ores et déjà pour répondre au rapporteur et à la ministre, puisque j’ai encore une question relative à l’amendement précédent.Il s’agit du dernier amendement sur l’article 1er, toujours à propos de l’alinéa 15. Je rejoins le rapporteur sur le fait que l’accès à l’information et la transparence des données sont des enjeux importants – nous ne le nions absolument pas. Toutefois, ces polluants étant éternels et utilisés dans l’industrie depuis des décennies, reconnaissons que, lorsqu’on dresse une cartographie de l’ensemble des sites ayant émis ou émettant encore des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées, certains de ces sites n’existent plus ou ont été oubliés et que des activités ont pu changer.Prétendre à une recension exhaustive des installations, dans votre objectif de transparence, me semble donc chimérique. C’est pourquoi, à la première phrase de l’alinéa 15, après le mot « émettre », je propose d’insérer les mots « sur les vingt dernières années ». Ce serait un objectif déjà très satisfaisant que de réussir à lister les sites ayant pu émettre des Pfas au cours des vingt dernières années.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "8",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 610,
   "amendments": [
    "8"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640669",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 207,
   "annotation_id": "N96d1450a795b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au risque de couper l’herbe sous le pied à mes collègues – ce qui n’est pas très fair-play, je le reconnais –, je profite de cette prise de parole pour m’inscrire d’ores et déjà pour répondre au rapporteur et à la ministre, puisque j’ai encore une question relative à l’amendement précédent.Il s’agit du dernier amendement sur l’article 1er, toujours à propos de l’alinéa 15. Je rejoins le rapporteur sur le fait que l’accès à l’information et la transparence des données sont des enjeux importants – nous ne le nions absolument pas. Toutefois, ces polluants étant éternels et utilisés dans l’industrie depuis des décennies, reconnaissons que, lorsqu’on dresse une cartographie de l’ensemble des sites ayant émis ou émettant encore des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées, certains de ces sites n’existent plus ou ont été oubliés et que des activités ont pu changer.Prétendre à une recension exhaustive des installations, dans votre objectif de transparence, me semble donc chimérique. C’est pourquoi, à la première phrase de l’alinéa 15, après le mot « émettre », je propose d’insérer les mots « sur les vingt dernières années ». Ce serait un objectif déjà très satisfaisant que de réussir à lister les sites ayant pu émettre des Pfas au cours des vingt dernières années."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330909",
   "speaker": "Vincent Descoeur",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Descoeur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640676",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640676"
   ],
   "order": 618,
   "text": "Je crois utile de préciser, comme je l’ai indiqué lors de la discussion générale, qu’une large majorité des collègues du groupe Droite républicaine est favorable à ce texte et donc, à l’adoption de cet article. Malgré l’amour de la langue française que je partage avec mon collègue, je souhaite que ce texte, issu d’un compromis au Sénat auquel ont participé les sénateurs Les Républicains, fasse l’objet d’une adoption conforme. (Mme Dieynaba Diop applaudit ainsi que Mme la présidente de la commission.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 618,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640676",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "N5c1c5010304d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je crois utile de préciser, comme je l’ai indiqué lors de la discussion générale, qu’une large majorité des collègues du groupe [GROUPE] est favorable à ce texte et donc, à l’adoption de cet article. Malgré l’amour de la langue française que je partage avec mon collègue, je souhaite que ce texte, issu d’un compromis au Sénat auquel ont participé les sénateurs [GROUPE], fasse l’objet d’une adoption conforme. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit ainsi que Mme la présidente de la commission.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640678",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640678"
   ],
   "order": 620,
   "text": "Je remercie M. Descoeur qui reconnaît la pertinence de mon amendement. Madame la ministre, vous avez eu la gentillesse de répondre précisément à mon amendement précédent et vos arguments étaient plutôt convaincants. J’ai toutefois une question complémentaire : à l’heure où l’on s’inquiète beaucoup pour nos finances publiques, quel est le coût de cette cartographie ? C’est la curiosité d’un ancien secrétaire de la commission des finances qui me pousse à vous la poser.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Article 1er (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 620,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640678",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N9cd9c271a8f3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie M. Descoeur qui reconnaît la pertinence de mon amendement. Madame la ministre, vous avez eu la gentillesse de répondre précisément à mon amendement précédent et vos arguments étaient plutôt convaincants. J’ai toutefois une question complémentaire : à l’heure où l’on s’inquiète beaucoup pour nos finances publiques, quel est le coût de cette cartographie ? C’est la curiosité d’un ancien secrétaire de la commission des finances qui me pousse à vous la poser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640684",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640684"
   ],
   "order": 626,
   "text": "Qui se fonde sur l’article 100 relatif à la discussion des amendements. Notre collègue Vos avait déposé un amendement, qui a été sorti de la discussion à huit heures cinquante-neuf.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 626,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640684",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N62df174e4aad",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Qui se fonde sur l’article 100 relatif à la discussion des amendements. Notre collègue Vos avait déposé un amendement, qui a été sorti de la discussion à huit heures cinquante-neuf."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640686",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640686"
   ],
   "order": 628,
   "text": "Il visait à définir par décret une liste de substances selon leur niveau de dangerosité. Comme je l’évoquais lors de la discussion générale, il aurait permis de contribuer à asseoir cette proposition de loi sur la science. J’aimerais donc savoir pourquoi cet amendement a été supprimé.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Discussion des articles / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 1er (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640493",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 628,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640686",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 46,
   "annotation_id": "N149cf5cc0eba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il visait à définir par décret une liste de substances selon leur niveau de dangerosité. Comme je l’évoquais lors de la discussion générale, il aurait permis de contribuer à asseoir cette proposition de loi sur la science. J’aimerais donc savoir pourquoi cet amendement a été supprimé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640697",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640697"
   ],
   "order": 639,
   "text": "Cet article, introduit par le groupe Démocrates, est important. Il vise à doter la France d’une trajectoire d’interdiction des rejets de Pfas. Beaucoup d’industriels utilisaient ces substances sans forcément le savoir – ils étaient joueurs malgré eux –, mais ils ont désormais bien conscience du problème : pas moins de 2 850 d’entre eux contrôlent déjà leurs rejets dans les eaux. Ce travail doit se poursuive.La suppression des rejets de Pfas est tout à fait possible. L’exemple d’Arkema, dans le Rhône, est probant. Une telle trajectoire de deux ans a été suivie, au terme de laquelle tout rejet a été supprimé. En effet, l’entreprise a modifié son process de fabrication en supprimant l’utilisation des Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 639,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640697",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "N3b33b803040a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article, introduit par le groupe Démocrates, est important. Il vise à doter la France d’une trajectoire d’interdiction des rejets de Pfas. Beaucoup d’industriels utilisaient ces substances sans forcément le savoir – ils étaient joueurs malgré eux –, mais ils ont désormais bien conscience du problème : pas moins de 2 850 d’entre eux contrôlent déjà leurs rejets dans les eaux. Ce travail doit se poursuive.La suppression des rejets de Pfas est tout à fait possible. L’exemple d’Arkema, dans le Rhône, est probant. Une telle trajectoire de deux ans a été suivie, au terme de laquelle tout rejet a été supprimé. En effet, l’entreprise a modifié son process de fabrication en supprimant l’utilisation des Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794330",
   "speaker": "Anthony Brosse",
   "quality": "M. Anthony Brosse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640700",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640700"
   ],
   "order": 642,
   "text": "Grâce au groupe Démocrates, l’article 1er bis de cette loi marque une avancée significative dans la lutte contre la contamination aux Pfas, ces polluants éternels dévastateurs pour l’environnement. Il introduit une obligation de surveillance renforcée dans les rejets, en imposant des mesures plus strictes aux industriels et en garantissant une meilleure transparence pour les collectivités et les citoyens. Les objectifs sont clairs : identifier les sources de pollution, responsabiliser les acteurs concernés et limiter l’exposition des populations.Ce dispositif s’appuie sur des contrôles réguliers et une obligation de déclaration soumise à des seuils d’alerte plus bas, pour anticiper plutôt que subir. C’est une avancée nécessaire pour protéger nos ressources en eau et répondre aux attentes légitimes de nos concitoyens, que nous évoquerons de nouveau en débattant d’un autre texte de la niche écologiste. Il reste du chemin à parcourir, mais cet article est un premier pas essentiel vers une réglementation plus rigoureuse et une action efficace contre ces substances toxiques. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EcoS et Dem.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 642,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640700",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 168,
   "annotation_id": "Nc0bc8b58318b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Grâce au groupe Démocrates, l’article 1er bis de cette loi marque une avancée significative dans la lutte contre la contamination aux Pfas, ces polluants éternels dévastateurs pour l’environnement. Il introduit une obligation de surveillance renforcée dans les rejets, en imposant des mesures plus strictes aux industriels et en garantissant une meilleure transparence pour les collectivités et les citoyens. Les objectifs sont clairs : identifier les sources de pollution, responsabiliser les acteurs concernés et limiter l’exposition des populations.Ce dispositif s’appuie sur des contrôles réguliers et une obligation de déclaration soumise à des seuils d’alerte plus bas, pour anticiper plutôt que subir. C’est une avancée nécessaire pour protéger nos ressources en eau et répondre aux attentes légitimes de nos concitoyens, que nous évoquerons de nouveau en débattant d’un autre texte de la niche [GROUPE]. Il reste du chemin à parcourir, mais cet article est un premier pas essentiel vers une réglementation plus rigoureuse et une action efficace contre ces substances toxiques. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640703",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640703"
   ],
   "order": 645,
   "text": "C’est un article plus intéressant et important qu’il n’y paraît au prime abord – peut-être même plus important que l’article 1er. Vous avez interdit l’utilisation des Pfas dans plusieurs secteurs et pour certains matériaux. Il s’agit, avec cet article, de la présence de Pfas en milieu aqueux. Autant on peut considérer que le consommateur parfaitement informé – cela relève de sa responsabilité – peut être vigilant et choisir des alternatives possibles à l’utilisation des Pfas, autant la consommation d’eau, qu’elle soit en bouteille ou au robinet, échappe largement au choix du consommateur. La présence de molécules potentiellement cancérigènes dans l’eau comporte effectivement un vrai risque. Mon amendement vous incitera donc à être encore plus ambitieux en la matière.Par ailleurs, j’ai lu attentivement non seulement le texte, mais aussi un entretien récent de Mme la ministre dans la presse : vous y annoncez, pour financer la dépollution, la création ou l’augmentation d’une redevance liée aux agences de l’eau que paieraient les industriels.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 645,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640703",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 161,
   "annotation_id": "Nddd1f723d7e6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un article plus intéressant et important qu’il n’y paraît au prime abord – peut-être même plus important que l’article 1er. Vous avez interdit l’utilisation des Pfas dans plusieurs secteurs et pour certains matériaux. Il s’agit, avec cet article, de la présence de Pfas en milieu aqueux. Autant on peut considérer que le consommateur parfaitement informé – cela relève de sa responsabilité – peut être vigilant et choisir des alternatives possibles à l’utilisation des Pfas, autant la consommation d’eau, qu’elle soit en bouteille ou au robinet, échappe largement au choix du consommateur. La présence de molécules potentiellement cancérigènes dans l’eau comporte effectivement un vrai risque. Mon amendement vous incitera donc à être encore plus ambitieux en la matière.Par ailleurs, j’ai lu attentivement non seulement le texte, mais aussi un entretien récent de Mme la ministre dans la presse : vous y annoncez, pour financer la dépollution, la création ou l’augmentation d’une redevance liée aux agences de l’eau que paieraient les industriels."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640706",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640706"
   ],
   "order": 648,
   "text": "Mon inquiétude concerne donc cette contribution supplémentaire appliquée au secteur économique. Ai-je bien lu ou mal lu ? Nous devons en débattre ici même.Est-ce réellement votre projet ? Si oui, dans quelles proportions et pour quel coût ? Je pose la question pour pousser jusqu’au bout le débat de fond, en toute transparence, car le législateur n’aura guère l’occasion de débattre de cette mesure par la suite. (M. Benoît Biteau s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 648,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640706",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 71,
   "annotation_id": "Nf945906741a3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mon inquiétude concerne donc cette contribution supplémentaire appliquée au secteur économique. Ai-je bien lu ou mal lu ? Nous devons en débattre ici même.Est-ce réellement votre projet ? Si oui, dans quelles proportions et pour quel coût ? Je pose la question pour pousser jusqu’au bout le débat de fond, en toute transparence, car le législateur n’aura guère l’occasion de débattre de cette mesure par la suite. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640720",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640720"
   ],
   "order": 651,
   "text": "Je salue le courage de M. Di Filippo. À part lui et le Rassemblement national, toute cette assemblée est apparemment adhérente d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 651,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640720",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "N0ea4644e1839",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue le courage de M. Di Filippo. À part lui et le [GROUPE], toute cette assemblée est apparemment adhérente d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640722",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640722"
   ],
   "order": 653,
   "text": "Le rapporteur et le gouvernement eux-mêmes reconnaissent que ce texte n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude d’impact, alors qu’il pourrait avoir de graves conséquences pour l’économie. Ils reconnaissent également que les contrôles à l’importation sont impossibles, ce qui signifie que l’interdiction exposera l’industrie française à une concurrence déloyale de l’industrie asiatique – je me répète, mais un peu de « marteau-thérapie » ne fait pas de mal.En l’absence d’étude d’impact, tous les arguments se valent ; j’ajoute donc que le texte menace environ 15 000 emplois directs dans l’industrie chimique ainsi que des pans entiers de l’industrie, tels que le nucléaire médical ou la pharmacie. C’est pourquoi nous souhaitons avoir un débat de fond avec un peu d’honnêteté intellectuelle.M. Di Filippo a raison : derrière la gauche se cache toujours l’obsession des taxes. Il a bien lu ; il est prévu de rajouter encore des taxes aux taxes (Mme Marietta Karamanli s’exclame), comme si notre économie était suffisamment dynamique.Je crois avoir tout dit. Je le répète : je découvre avec surprise que je siège au sein d’une assemblée adhérente d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 653,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640722",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 181,
   "annotation_id": "N8848d7891397",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le rapporteur et le gouvernement eux-mêmes reconnaissent que ce texte n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude d’impact, alors qu’il pourrait avoir de graves conséquences pour l’économie. Ils reconnaissent également que les contrôles à l’importation sont impossibles, ce qui signifie que l’interdiction exposera l’industrie française à une concurrence déloyale de l’industrie asiatique – je me répète, mais un peu de « marteau-thérapie » ne fait pas de mal.En l’absence d’étude d’impact, tous les arguments se valent ; j’ajoute donc que le texte menace environ 15 000 emplois directs dans l’industrie chimique ainsi que des pans entiers de l’industrie, tels que le nucléaire médical ou la pharmacie. C’est pourquoi nous souhaitons avoir un débat de fond avec un peu d’honnêteté intellectuelle.M. Di Filippo a raison : derrière la gauche se cache toujours l’obsession des taxes. Il a bien lu ; il est prévu de rajouter encore des taxes aux taxes (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame), comme si notre économie était suffisamment dynamique.Je crois avoir tout dit. Je le répète : je découvre avec surprise que je siège au sein d’une assemblée adhérente d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721458",
   "speaker": "Xavier Roseren",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Roseren",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640730",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640730"
   ],
   "order": 662,
   "text": "Il vise l’arrêt progressif des émissions atmosphériques de Pfas provenant d’installations industrielles, pour protéger durablement la santé et l’environnement. Il s’agit d’un enjeu majeur de santé publique : les Pfas sont présents non seulement dans l’eau, mais aussi dans l’air que nous respirons.Mon territoire est fortement touché par la pollution de l’air, ce qui motive mon signal d’alerte. Bien que la qualité de l’air s’améliore, nous constatons chaque jour les effets de la pollution sur la santé et sur la qualité de vie des habitants. L’air est un vecteur majeur de contamination, il est donc essentiel que ce problème soit pleinement pris en considération dans nos politiques de prévention et de réduction de la pollution, y compris s’agissant des nouveaux polluants. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 662,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640730",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 128,
   "annotation_id": "N82b7dfcaee18",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise l’arrêt progressif des émissions atmosphériques de Pfas provenant d’installations industrielles, pour protéger durablement la santé et l’environnement. Il s’agit d’un enjeu majeur de santé publique : les Pfas sont présents non seulement dans l’eau, mais aussi dans l’air que nous respirons.Mon territoire est fortement touché par la pollution de l’air, ce qui motive mon signal d’alerte. Bien que la qualité de l’air s’améliore, nous constatons chaque jour les effets de la pollution sur la santé et sur la qualité de vie des habitants. L’air est un vecteur majeur de contamination, il est donc essentiel que ce problème soit pleinement pris en considération dans nos politiques de prévention et de réduction de la pollution, y compris s’agissant des nouveaux polluants. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640733",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640733"
   ],
   "order": 665,
   "text": "Vous soulevez le problème important des rejets atmosphériques. Sachez qu’Atmo Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, l’organisme chargé de surveiller la qualité de l’air dans la région, mènera entre 2025 et 2028 une campagne relative à la pollution de l’air due aux Pfas auprès de certaines ICPE. Il est indispensable de développer des techniques de mesure fiables et d’accréditer des laboratoires pour mesurer les rejets atmosphériques de Pfas. Nous soutiendrons bien sûr cette opération dès qu’elle sera techniquement possible et planifierons une trajectoire en la matière mais, pour l’instant, mon avis est défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 665,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640733",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "Ne899a9cb5b0c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous soulevez le problème important des rejets atmosphériques. Sachez qu’Atmo Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, l’organisme chargé de surveiller la qualité de l’air dans la région, mènera entre 2025 et 2028 une campagne relative à la pollution de l’air due aux Pfas auprès de certaines ICPE. Il est indispensable de développer des techniques de mesure fiables et d’accréditer des laboratoires pour mesurer les rejets atmosphériques de Pfas. Nous soutiendrons bien sûr cette opération dès qu’elle sera techniquement possible et planifierons une trajectoire en la matière mais, pour l’instant, mon avis est défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640735",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640735"
   ],
   "order": 667,
   "text": "Vous posez l’excellente question de notre capacité à mesurer la présence de certains Pfas dans l’air. Le plan d’action interministériel lancé en 2023 et complété en 2024 prévoit d’effectuer ces mesures jusqu’en 2028, en commençant par les incinérateurs de déchets dangereux et en étendant progressivement la mesure aux autres sites susceptibles de rejeter des Pfas dans l’atmosphère. Très peu de laboratoires et de méthodologies spécifiques existent en Europe, ce qui freine notre avancée.Je vous propose de retirer votre amendement, en vous assurant que je prends le sujet très au sérieux et que nous continuerons à progresser en la matière pour parvenir à un degré de maturité supérieur, comme nous l’avons fait l’année dernière s’agissant des rejets aqueux.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 667,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640735",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 117,
   "annotation_id": "N403e767c792f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous posez l’excellente question de notre capacité à mesurer la présence de certains Pfas dans l’air. Le plan d’action interministériel lancé en 2023 et complété en 2024 prévoit d’effectuer ces mesures jusqu’en 2028, en commençant par les incinérateurs de déchets dangereux et en étendant progressivement la mesure aux autres sites susceptibles de rejeter des Pfas dans l’atmosphère. Très peu de laboratoires et de méthodologies spécifiques existent en Europe, ce qui freine notre avancée.Je vous propose de retirer votre amendement, en vous assurant que je prends le sujet très au sérieux et que nous continuerons à progresser en la matière pour parvenir à un degré de maturité supérieur, comme nous l’avons fait l’année dernière s’agissant des rejets aqueux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721458",
   "speaker": "Xavier Roseren",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Roseren",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640737",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640737"
   ],
   "order": 670,
   "text": "Je vais retirer l’amendement, mais je tiens à alerter le gouvernement quant au mode de financement des associations comme Atmo Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, qui n’est plus adapté aux demandes de plus en plus nombreuses de nouvelles mesures portant sur de nouveaux polluants. Il convient de travailler dès cette année à le réformer, pour que les associations puissent s’appuyer sur de nouveaux financements à partir de 2026.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 670,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640737",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "Naba805c5d049",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais retirer l’amendement, mais je tiens à alerter le gouvernement quant au mode de financement des associations comme Atmo Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, qui n’est plus adapté aux demandes de plus en plus nombreuses de nouvelles mesures portant sur de nouveaux polluants. Il convient de travailler dès cette année à le réformer, pour que les associations puissent s’appuyer sur de nouveaux financements à partir de 2026."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640740",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640740"
   ],
   "order": 673,
   "text": "Il vise à démontrer l’incohérence du texte. L’article L. 523-6-1 que vous souhaitez insérer dans le code de l’environnement dispose que nous devons « tendre vers la fin [des rejets aqueux de substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations industrielles] dans un délai de cinq ans », mais l’article 1er de la proposition de loi ne porte que sur trois types de produits industriels. Or les Pfas trouvées dans les effluents ne seront pas nécessairement liées à ces trois activités industrielles : si on fait la chasse aux Pfas, il faudra remonter le torrent jusqu’à la source, ce qui conduira à identifier des émissions liées à d’autres activités. De deux choses l’une : soit il s’agit d’une incohérence dans le texte, soit l’article 1er bis est un cheval de Troie visant à inscrire dans la loi l’interdiction à terme de tout rejet aqueux de Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "32",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 673,
   "amendments": [
    "32"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640740",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "N94b249de2fc2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à démontrer l’incohérence du texte. L’article L. 523-6-1 que vous souhaitez insérer dans le code de l’environnement dispose que nous devons « tendre vers la fin [des rejets aqueux de substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations industrielles] dans un délai de cinq ans », mais l’article 1er de la proposition de loi ne porte que sur trois types de produits industriels. Or les Pfas trouvées dans les effluents ne seront pas nécessairement liées à ces trois activités industrielles : si on fait la chasse aux Pfas, il faudra remonter le torrent jusqu’à la source, ce qui conduira à identifier des émissions liées à d’autres activités. De deux choses l’une : soit il s’agit d’une incohérence dans le texte, soit l’article 1er bis est un cheval de Troie visant à inscrire dans la loi l’interdiction à terme de tout rejet aqueux de Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640742",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640742"
   ],
   "order": 675,
   "text": "Je suis fermement opposé à votre amendement, qui tend à modifier la trajectoire de fin des rejets aqueux de Pfas. Soyons très clairs : il faut les faire totalement disparaître, car les substances rejetées finissent dans l’environnement. Tous les Pfas ont en commun d’être persistants et bioaccumulables. Ils contaminent l’eau, affectent la faune et la flore… Nous devons donc couper entièrement le robinet de la pollution.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 675,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640742",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "Nba4da1e4b6c3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis fermement opposé à votre amendement, qui tend à modifier la trajectoire de fin des rejets aqueux de Pfas. Soyons très clairs : il faut les faire totalement disparaître, car les substances rejetées finissent dans l’environnement. Tous les Pfas ont en commun d’être persistants et bioaccumulables. Ils contaminent l’eau, affectent la faune et la flore… Nous devons donc couper entièrement le robinet de la pollution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640746",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640746"
   ],
   "order": 679,
   "text": "Monsieur Vos, il existe effectivement des milliers de Pfas, mais la grande majorité d’entre eux sont des Pfas dits de paillasse, c’est-à-dire mis au point par des chimistes. Le nombre de Pfas susceptibles d’être présents dans des rejets industriels est plus proche de 300, et les industriels interrogés sur les Pfas qu’ils utilisent en ont cité 169.Le texte se concentre sur 20, 28 ou 34 Pfas industriels. Il conviendra sans doute d’étendre cette liste, mais pas aux milliers de Pfas de paillasse : elle pourrait concerner, à terme, entre 169 et 300 Pfas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 679,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640746",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N71f9c5d273ce",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Vos, il existe effectivement des milliers de Pfas, mais la grande majorité d’entre eux sont des Pfas dits de paillasse, c’est-à-dire mis au point par des chimistes. Le nombre de Pfas susceptibles d’être présents dans des rejets industriels est plus proche de 300, et les industriels interrogés sur les Pfas qu’ils utilisent en ont cité 169.Le texte se concentre sur 20, 28 ou 34 Pfas industriels. Il conviendra sans doute d’étendre cette liste, mais pas aux milliers de Pfas de paillasse : elle pourrait concerner, à terme, entre 169 et 300 Pfas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640750",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640750"
   ],
   "order": 683,
   "text": "On ne peut préjuger des propriétés d’un Pfas donné ; c’est pourquoi l’interdiction par défaut pose un vrai problème. Au fond, le procès qui est fait aux Pfas rappelle l’affaire du talc Morhange. Si une substance est identifiée comme dangereuse, alors oui, il faut l’interdire immédiatement, mais nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre de frapper d’interdiction immédiate des substances qui n’ont fait l’objet d’aucune étude scientifique sur le long terme. C’est incohérent.Quand les agents des directions départementales de l’environnement commenceront à intenter des procès, il y aura nécessairement des embrouilles. Le juge lui-même sera perdu, étant donné l’incohérence du texte. (Mme Dominique Voynet s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 683,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640750",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "N25e49c4aa879",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "On ne peut préjuger des propriétés d’un Pfas donné ; c’est pourquoi l’interdiction par défaut pose un vrai problème. Au fond, le procès qui est fait aux Pfas rappelle l’affaire du talc Morhange. Si une substance est identifiée comme dangereuse, alors oui, il faut l’interdire immédiatement, mais nous ne pouvons pas nous permettre de frapper d’interdiction immédiate des substances qui n’ont fait l’objet d’aucune étude scientifique sur le long terme. C’est incohérent.Quand les agents des directions départementales de l’environnement commenceront à intenter des procès, il y aura nécessairement des embrouilles. Le juge lui-même sera perdu, étant donné l’incohérence du texte. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640753",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640753"
   ],
   "order": 686,
   "text": "Il me semble que vous faites une confusion entre deux mesures. La première, consistant à interdire certaines utilisations de Pfas spécifiques identifiés comme dangereux, est distincte de la seconde, qui consiste à protéger les cours d’eau et les points de captage d’eau potable contre la présence de matières chimiques persistantes.Pourquoi cette seconde mesure ? Prévenir coûte beaucoup moins cher que guérir. La dépollution de cours d’eau contaminés par des substances persistantes entraîne d’ores et déjà des coûts faramineux. Nous devons donc gérer ce risque.Depuis l’examen du texte par l’Assemblée nationale en première lecture, il y a un an, le gouvernement a travaillé. Mon collègue Marc Ferracci, ministre chargé de l’industrie, et moi-même – et avant nous Roland Lescure et Christophe Béchu, nos prédécesseurs respectifs – avons réduit la présence de Pfas dans les effluents en mesurant leur concentration et en installant des systèmes de filtration. Nous avons tout simplement appuyé notre action sur la réalité du terrain, en nous concertant avec les industriels.Si nous ne prenons pas des mesures aujourd’hui, nous le paierons demain, et les payeurs de demain ne seront pas les pollueurs d’aujourd’hui. J’en veux pour preuve la pollution persistante liée à des produits interdits il y a trente ans.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 686,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640753",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 202,
   "annotation_id": "N249a6b5fa031",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMP",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il me semble que vous faites une confusion entre deux mesures. La première, consistant à interdire certaines utilisations de Pfas spécifiques identifiés comme dangereux, est distincte de la seconde, qui consiste à protéger les cours d’eau et les points de captage d’eau potable contre la présence de matières chimiques persistantes.Pourquoi cette seconde mesure ? Prévenir coûte beaucoup moins cher que guérir. La dépollution de cours d’eau contaminés par des substances persistantes entraîne d’ores et déjà des coûts faramineux. Nous devons donc gérer ce risque.Depuis l’examen du texte par l’Assemblée nationale en première lecture, il y a un an, le gouvernement a travaillé. Mon collègue [PERSONNE], ministre chargé de l’industrie, et moi-même – et avant nous [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], nos prédécesseurs respectifs – avons réduit la présence de Pfas dans les effluents en mesurant leur concentration et en installant des systèmes de filtration. Nous avons tout simplement appuyé notre action sur la réalité du terrain, en nous concertant avec les industriels.Si nous ne prenons pas des mesures aujourd’hui, nous le paierons demain, et les payeurs de demain ne seront pas les pollueurs d’aujourd’hui. J’en veux pour preuve la pollution persistante liée à des produits interdits il y a trente ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639738",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639738"
   ],
   "order": 692,
   "text": "Chers collègues d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts – le gouvernement est aussi une succursale d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts –, je répète que vous défendez l’industrie chinoise au détriment de l’industrie française ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "16",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 692,
   "amendments": [
    "16"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639738",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N28567dc651ee",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts – le gouvernement est aussi une succursale d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts –, je répète que vous défendez l’industrie chinoise au détriment de l’industrie française ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639740",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639740"
   ],
   "order": 694,
   "text": "L’amendement no 16 est un amendement d’appel. Je le maintiens néanmoins parce que, comme d’habitude, je ne recevrai aucune réponse. Vous vous dirigez au pifomètre, ce qui n’est pas sérieux quand on prétend légiférer. La proposition de loi envisage d’imposer aux entreprises « de tendre vers la fin des rejets » de Pfas dans un délai de cinq ans. Pourquoi retenir cinq ans et non dix ou quatre ? Comment avez-vous évalué ce délai ? Je rappelle que cette proposition de loi aux conséquences mésestimées n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude d’impact. L’absence totale de sérieux du travail législatif est manifeste. Vous vous fiez au pifomètre…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "16",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 694,
   "amendments": [
    "16"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639740",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 105,
   "annotation_id": "Ne5fd7af9b8f9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement no 16 est un amendement d’appel. Je le maintiens néanmoins parce que, comme d’habitude, je ne recevrai aucune réponse. Vous vous dirigez au pifomètre, ce qui n’est pas sérieux quand on prétend légiférer. La proposition de loi envisage d’imposer aux entreprises « de tendre vers la fin des rejets » de Pfas dans un délai de cinq ans. Pourquoi retenir cinq ans et non dix ou quatre ? Comment avez-vous évalué ce délai ? Je rappelle que cette proposition de loi aux conséquences mésestimées n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude d’impact. L’absence totale de sérieux du travail législatif est manifeste. Vous vous fiez au pifomètre…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639746",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639746"
   ],
   "order": 699,
   "text": "On sait que ce sont des polluants, mais il n’y a aucune étude sérieuse sur les impacts sanitaires de tous les Pfas, alors qu’il y en a des dizaines de milliers. Vraiment, je trouve que ce n’est pas sérieux. Le mieux serait de tout arrêter, de se mettre autour de la table, de cogiter un peu et de revenir quand le travail aura été fait ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "16",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 699,
   "amendments": [
    "16"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639746",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "Neacc7df4ddff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "On sait que ce sont des polluants, mais il n’y a aucune étude sérieuse sur les impacts sanitaires de tous les Pfas, alors qu’il y en a des dizaines de milliers. Vraiment, je trouve que ce n’est pas sérieux. Le mieux serait de tout arrêter, de se mettre autour de la table, de cogiter un peu et de revenir quand le travail aura été fait ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639748",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639748"
   ],
   "order": 701,
   "text": "À la lecture de l’amendement, je comprends que vous demandez au gouvernement d’établir une trajectoire de réduction des rejets de Pfas sans donner d’horizon temporel. Il ne serait pas prévu de date butoir pour la disparition de ces substances. Évidemment, ce n’est pas sérieux.Pour savoir pourquoi un délai de cinq ans a été retenu, je vous renvoie au rapport de M. Isaac-Sibille publié en janvier 2024, qui explique qu’il est possible de limiter les rejets assez rapidement. Ce délai nous semble tout à fait raisonnable. Contrairement à ce que vous prétendez, le travail parlementaire a été fait.L’avis de la commission est donc défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 701,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639748",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N56fb4afe8a26",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À la lecture de l’amendement, je comprends que vous demandez au gouvernement d’établir une trajectoire de réduction des rejets de Pfas sans donner d’horizon temporel. Il ne serait pas prévu de date butoir pour la disparition de ces substances. Évidemment, ce n’est pas sérieux.Pour savoir pourquoi un délai de cinq ans a été retenu, je vous renvoie au rapport de M. Isaac-Sibille publié en janvier 2024, qui explique qu’il est possible de limiter les rejets assez rapidement. Ce délai nous semble tout à fait raisonnable. Contrairement à ce que vous prétendez, le travail parlementaire a été fait.L’avis de la commission est donc défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA842029",
   "speaker": "Claire Lejeune",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Lejeune",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639753",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639753"
   ],
   "order": 707,
   "text": "Il est savoureux de voir le Rassemblement national nous donner des leçons de sérieux étant donné la nature et la qualité des arguments qu’il présente aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Je rappelle que les industriels DuPont et 3M étaient au courant de la nature nocive des Pfas dès les années 1970. Depuis, les scandales sanitaires se multiplient et les études scientifiques prouvant la nocivité des Pfas s’accumulent. Il y a déjà eu deux tentatives de faire passer cette proposition de loi. En réalité, avec ce délai de cinq ans, ce sont cinq ans de trop. Vous essayez encore de repousser les échéances alors que 2 millions de Français sont atteints de pathologies liées à l’exposition aux Pfas ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 707,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639753",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 136,
   "annotation_id": "Ne82c888bc96b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est savoureux de voir le [GROUPE] nous donner des leçons de sérieux étant donné la nature et la qualité des arguments qu’il présente aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je rappelle que les industriels DuPont et 3M étaient au courant de la nature nocive des Pfas dès les années 1970. Depuis, les scandales sanitaires se multiplient et les études scientifiques prouvant la nocivité des Pfas s’accumulent. Il y a déjà eu deux tentatives de faire passer cette proposition de loi. En réalité, avec ce délai de cinq ans, ce sont cinq ans de trop. Vous essayez encore de repousser les échéances alors que 2 millions de Français sont atteints de pathologies liées à l’exposition aux Pfas ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794486",
   "speaker": "Violette Spillebout",
   "quality": "Mme Violette Spillebout",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639755",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639755"
   ],
   "order": 709,
   "text": "Comme beaucoup d’autres amendements du Rassemblement national sur cette proposition de loi, l’amendement no 16 vise à reculer l’arrêt des rejets de Pfas par les entreprises et les industriels. Nous pouvons comprendre que les entreprises aient besoin d’un délai pour réaliser leur transition écologique, mais nous devons aussi écouter les citoyens. De nombreux députés ont été sollicités par des associations de consommateurs. J’ai ainsi rencontré l’UFC-Que choisir métropole Lille, qui m’avait sollicitée. Ses représentants sont très inquiets, notamment à la suite des études réalisées en 2023 par l’ONG Générations futures, qui révèle la présence de nombreux Pfas dans l’eau.Les prélèvements effectués à Lille en septembre 2024 ont permis de détecter 290 nanogrammes de TFA par litre et huit autres Pfas en cocktail. Même si ces quantités se situent encore au-dessous des normes françaises telles qu’elles seront appliquées en 2026, elles sont supérieures à celles que le Danemark va appliquer en imposant un maximum de 2 nanogrammes par litre pour quatre Pfas particuliers.Les associations et les responsables politiques qui déposent cette proposition de loi avec le soutien du gouvernement jouent un rôle de lanceurs d’alerte pour les années à venir. En effet, vous l’avez dit, monsieur le rapporteur, les Pfas sont des polluants quasi indestructibles et bioaccumulables. Notre responsabilité est donc d’imposer une trajectoire d’arrêt de ces rejets.Nous voterons contre l’amendement no 16 du Rassemblement national.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 709,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639755",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 225,
   "annotation_id": "N3da65496f173",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Comme beaucoup d’autres amendements du [GROUPE] sur cette proposition de loi, l’amendement no 16 vise à reculer l’arrêt des rejets de Pfas par les entreprises et les industriels. Nous pouvons comprendre que les entreprises aient besoin d’un délai pour réaliser leur transition écologique, mais nous devons aussi écouter les citoyens. De nombreux députés ont été sollicités par des associations de consommateurs. J’ai ainsi rencontré l’UFC-Que choisir métropole Lille, qui m’avait sollicitée. Ses représentants sont très inquiets, notamment à la suite des études réalisées en 2023 par l’ONG Générations futures, qui révèle la présence de nombreux Pfas dans l’eau.Les prélèvements effectués à Lille en septembre 2024 ont permis de détecter 290 nanogrammes de TFA par litre et huit autres Pfas en cocktail. Même si ces quantités se situent encore au-dessous des normes françaises telles qu’elles seront appliquées en 2026, elles sont supérieures à celles que le Danemark va appliquer en imposant un maximum de 2 nanogrammes par litre pour quatre Pfas particuliers.Les associations et les responsables politiques qui déposent cette proposition de loi avec le soutien du gouvernement jouent un rôle de lanceurs d’alerte pour les années à venir. En effet, vous l’avez dit, monsieur le rapporteur, les Pfas sont des polluants quasi indestructibles et bioaccumulables. Notre responsabilité est donc d’imposer une trajectoire d’arrêt de ces rejets.Nous voterons contre l’amendement no 16 du [GROUPE]."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639762",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639762"
   ],
   "order": 718,
   "text": "Il s’agit déjà du dernier amendement à l’article 1er bis qui porte sur les rejets aqueux contenant des Pfas. Par rapport aux données scientifiques à notre disposition, la mesure que vous annoncez est peut-être la plus dangereuse.Je rappelle, en passant, que sur tous les écrans que nous utilisons dans cet hémicycle, il y a sans doute des Pfas. N’oubliez pas à chaque fois que vous touchez un écran pour téléphoner ou pour un autre usage que le risque est peut-être important.L’alinéa 2, sur lequel porte l’amendement, dispose : « La France se dote d’une trajectoire nationale de réduction progressive des rejets aqueux de substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées des installations industrielles, de manière à tendre vers la fin de ces rejets dans un délai de cinq ans à compter de la promulgation de la loi […] visant à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées. »Cet alinéa pose une vraie question. Compte tenu du danger sur lequel vous avez mis l’accent, en particulier l’absence totale de contrôle une fois ces produits en milieu aqueux, pourquoi retenir un délai de cinq ans ? En partant du principe que la loi sera promulguée rapidement, étant donné le temps nécessaire à la concertation avant de prendre les décrets, nous pourrions arriver rapidement à 2031. Il n’y a pas de cohérence entre les délais retenus pour les interdictions et les autres mesures du texte.Par l’amendement no 5, je veux vous aider à être absolument cohérents : je vous propose donc de réduire le délai de cinq à quatre ans. Vous voyez, je suis beaucoup plus ambitieux que vous en matière écologique et je vous aide à écrire un meilleur texte. Je compte sur votre soutien !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "5",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 718,
   "amendments": [
    "5"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639762",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 285,
   "annotation_id": "Nde70f4e96ae6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit déjà du dernier amendement à l’article 1er bis qui porte sur les rejets aqueux contenant des Pfas. Par rapport aux données scientifiques à notre disposition, la mesure que vous annoncez est peut-être la plus dangereuse.Je rappelle, en passant, que sur tous les écrans que nous utilisons dans cet hémicycle, il y a sans doute des Pfas. N’oubliez pas à chaque fois que vous touchez un écran pour téléphoner ou pour un autre usage que le risque est peut-être important.L’alinéa 2, sur lequel porte l’amendement, dispose : « La France se dote d’une trajectoire nationale de réduction progressive des rejets aqueux de substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées des installations industrielles, de manière à tendre vers la fin de ces rejets dans un délai de cinq ans à compter de la promulgation de la loi […] visant à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées. »Cet alinéa pose une vraie question. Compte tenu du danger sur lequel vous avez mis l’accent, en particulier l’absence totale de contrôle une fois ces produits en milieu aqueux, pourquoi retenir un délai de cinq ans ? En partant du principe que la loi sera promulguée rapidement, étant donné le temps nécessaire à la concertation avant de prendre les décrets, nous pourrions arriver rapidement à 2031. Il n’y a pas de cohérence entre les délais retenus pour les interdictions et les autres mesures du texte.Par l’amendement no 5, je veux vous aider à être absolument cohérents : je vous propose donc de réduire le délai de cinq à quatre ans. Vous voyez, je suis beaucoup plus ambitieux que vous en matière écologique et je vous aide à écrire un meilleur texte. Je compte sur votre soutien !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639766",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639766"
   ],
   "order": 724,
   "text": "Merci pour votre aide ! (Sourires.) Vous êtes un lecteur attentif du texte, mais il y a un paradoxe dans ce que vous dites. En effet, si votre amendement était adopté, le texte repartirait au Sénat dans le cadre de la navette et le gain d’un an que vous proposez serait largement perdu. Avis défavorable. (« Bravo ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et SOC. – Mme Marina Ferrari applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 724,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639766",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "N5cd213e14d91",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Merci pour votre aide ! (Sourires.) Vous êtes un lecteur attentif du texte, mais il y a un paradoxe dans ce que vous dites. En effet, si votre amendement était adopté, le texte repartirait au Sénat dans le cadre de la navette et le gain d’un an que vous proposez serait largement perdu. Avis défavorable. (« Bravo ! » et applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639771",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639771"
   ],
   "order": 728,
   "text": "La démonstration a été faite qu’il faut avancer, et avancer vite. Je reviens brièvement sur les propos tenus par M. Meurin, car ils étaient effarants. Il a dit en substance : « ce sont des polluants, on le sait, mais bon… blablabla. » Puis il a fait une blague qui n’a pas fait rire grand monde.Les Pfas sont des polluants. Dès lors, notre responsabilité est d’appliquer tout simplement le principe de précaution pour les citoyens. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 728,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639771",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "Nbc9b1b9f6fa2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La démonstration a été faite qu’il faut avancer, et avancer vite. Je reviens brièvement sur les propos tenus par M. Meurin, car ils étaient effarants. Il a dit en substance : « ce sont des polluants, on le sait, mais bon… blablabla. » Puis il a fait une blague qui n’a pas fait rire grand monde.Les Pfas sont des polluants. Dès lors, notre responsabilité est d’appliquer tout simplement le principe de précaution pour les citoyens. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639773",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639773"
   ],
   "order": 731,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez indiqué que l’amendement de M. Meurin visait à repousser la date à partir de laquelle les entreprises auront l’interdiction de rejeter des Pfas, alors qu’il se contentait de supprimer le délai de cinq ans à l’alinéa 2 pour vous interroger : pourquoi cinq ans ?Nous soutiendrons l’amendement no 5, qui ramène ce délai à quatre ans, parce que nous le considérons comme un amendement d’appel. Comme l’a dit M. Di Filippo, dès lors que la date d’application a été fixée dans la proposition de loi, une nouvelle lecture au Sénat ne changerait rien – M. Di Filippo l’a suffisamment répété pour que ce soit bien ancré dans la tête de chacun.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 731,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639773",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "N38c2fd102bce",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez indiqué que l’amendement de M. Meurin visait à repousser la date à partir de laquelle les entreprises auront l’interdiction de rejeter des Pfas, alors qu’il se contentait de supprimer le délai de cinq ans à l’alinéa 2 pour vous interroger : pourquoi cinq ans ?Nous soutiendrons l’amendement no 5, qui ramène ce délai à quatre ans, parce que nous le considérons comme un amendement d’appel. Comme l’a dit M. Di Filippo, dès lors que la date d’application a été fixée dans la proposition de loi, une nouvelle lecture au Sénat ne changerait rien – M. Di Filippo l’a suffisamment répété pour que ce soit bien ancré dans la tête de chacun."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639775",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639775"
   ],
   "order": 734,
   "text": "Réduire ce délai de cinq à quatre ans ne conduira donc pas à repousser l’application de la mesure d’un an, mais bien à gagner un an.Nous voulons comprendre la raison des délais inscrits dans le texte et apporter de la science dans le débat. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.) Pourquoi ce délai de cinq ans, demandions-nous à travers l’amendement no 16 ? Pourquoi refuser de réduire ce délai à quatre ans, comme le propose M. Di Filippo ? Pourquoi ne pas retenir un délai de dix ou de trois ans ? Quelles sont les raisons scientifiques qui justifient le délai retenu ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er bis / ",
   "article": "Article 1er bis",
   "article_id": "3640695",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 734,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639775",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "N3d2ef25cac49",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Réduire ce délai de cinq à quatre ans ne conduira donc pas à repousser l’application de la mesure d’un an, mais bien à gagner un an.Nous voulons comprendre la raison des délais inscrits dans le texte et apporter de la science dans le débat. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Pourquoi ce délai de cinq ans, demandions-nous à travers l’amendement no 16 ? Pourquoi refuser de réduire ce délai à quatre ans, comme le propose M. Di Filippo ? Pourquoi ne pas retenir un délai de dix ou de trois ans ? Quelles sont les raisons scientifiques qui justifient le délai retenu ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639781",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639781"
   ],
   "order": 741,
   "text": "De nombreux prélèvements effectués dans les eaux destinées à la consommation humaine présentent des taux de Pfas supérieurs à 100 nanogrammes par litre. Il est important de les dépolluer. Cet article prévoit un financement pour aider les collectivités locales à procéder aux installations nécessaires, lesquelles sont assez coûteuses et utilisent des charbons actifs.Madame la ministre, nous avons voté un fonds Pfas de 22 millions d’euros dans le dernier budget pour aider les collectivités à réaliser ces installations. Comment le gouvernement compte-t-il s’y prendre pour aider les collectivités, notamment les moins riches, à dépolluer l’eau que certains de nos concitoyens boivent ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 741,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639781",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "N841a0a697995",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "De nombreux prélèvements effectués dans les eaux destinées à la consommation humaine présentent des taux de Pfas supérieurs à 100 nanogrammes par litre. Il est important de les dépolluer. Cet article prévoit un financement pour aider les collectivités locales à procéder aux installations nécessaires, lesquelles sont assez coûteuses et utilisent des charbons actifs.Madame la ministre, nous avons voté un fonds Pfas de 22 millions d’euros dans le dernier budget pour aider les collectivités à réaliser ces installations. Comment le gouvernement compte-t-il s’y prendre pour aider les collectivités, notamment les moins riches, à dépolluer l’eau que certains de nos concitoyens boivent ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794330",
   "speaker": "Anthony Brosse",
   "quality": "M. Anthony Brosse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639784",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639784"
   ],
   "order": 744,
   "text": "L’article 1er ter constitue un ajout important du Sénat et vise à venir en aide aux collectivités territoriales responsables des services publics d’eau potable et d’assainissement, que cette compétence soit déléguée en gestion directe ou en régie. Le plan d’achat interministériel devrait prévoir un financement ; nous voudrions des précisions sur le sujet. Les collectivités l’attendent et sont inquiètes, notamment à l’égard des transferts de compétences dans les intercommunalités. Elles veulent savoir comment elles pourront gérer les urgences – il y en a beaucoup. Nous attendons de l’État une action forte. Merci d’avance à Mme la ministre pour les précisions qu’elle pourra nous apporter.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 744,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639784",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 104,
   "annotation_id": "Ndcf3a80497a6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er ter constitue un ajout important du Sénat et vise à venir en aide aux collectivités territoriales responsables des services publics d’eau potable et d’assainissement, que cette compétence soit déléguée en gestion directe ou en régie. Le plan d’achat interministériel devrait prévoir un financement ; nous voudrions des précisions sur le sujet. Les collectivités l’attendent et sont inquiètes, notamment à l’égard des transferts de compétences dans les intercommunalités. Elles veulent savoir comment elles pourront gérer les urgences – il y en a beaucoup. Nous attendons de l’État une action forte. Merci d’avance à Mme la ministre pour les précisions qu’elle pourra nous apporter."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639786",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639786"
   ],
   "order": 746,
   "text": "L’article 1er ter, qui vise à créer le fonds de dotation interministériel pour la gestion des pollutions aquatiques aux Pfas, soulève trois sujets d’inquiétude auxquels nous devrons répondre précisément. Je comprends très bien l’intention des sénateurs de protéger les collectivités territoriales qui se retrouveraient en première ligne : une fois que l’État leur a délégué une compétence, on sait qu’elles finissent toujours par assumer la responsabilité, même s’il leur délègue les moyens. Or la question de cette dépollution se posera évidemment avec acuité dans les années qui viennent.Premièrement, d’où viendra l’argent pour abonder le fonds ? Deuxièmement, comment les collectivités territoriales en bénéficieront-elles et comment l’argent sera-t-il utilisé ? Troisièmement, je reviens sur une question que j’ai posée lors de l’examen de l’article précédent : dans votre interview d’hier dans Le Parisien, vous avez évoqué une contribution des industriels pour financer la dépollution en supplément d’une taxe sur les agences de l’eau. Est-ce lié à cette disposition ou la contribution vient-elle en plus ? Et surtout, à quel niveau évaluez-vous cette contribution ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 746,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639786",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 173,
   "annotation_id": "N34f20475eef8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er ter, qui vise à créer le fonds de dotation interministériel pour la gestion des pollutions aquatiques aux Pfas, soulève trois sujets d’inquiétude auxquels nous devrons répondre précisément. Je comprends très bien l’intention des sénateurs de protéger les collectivités territoriales qui se retrouveraient en première ligne : une fois que l’État leur a délégué une compétence, on sait qu’elles finissent toujours par assumer la responsabilité, même s’il leur délègue les moyens. Or la question de cette dépollution se posera évidemment avec acuité dans les années qui viennent.Premièrement, d’où viendra l’argent pour abonder le fonds ? Deuxièmement, comment les collectivités territoriales en bénéficieront-elles et comment l’argent sera-t-il utilisé ? Troisièmement, je reviens sur une question que j’ai posée lors de l’examen de l’article précédent : dans votre interview d’hier dans Le Parisien, vous avez évoqué une contribution des industriels pour financer la dépollution en supplément d’une taxe sur les agences de l’eau. Est-ce lié à cette disposition ou la contribution vient-elle en plus ? Et surtout, à quel niveau évaluez-vous cette contribution ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639788"
   ],
   "order": 749,
   "text": "Vous partez de l’idée que ce sont les entreprises qui doivent payer, mais pour l’amiante ou le chlordécone, c’est l’État. Pourquoi ne serait-ce pas à l’État de payer aussi pour la dépollution des Pfas ? C’est une vraie question, et nous attendons une réponse du gouvernement.Une remarque aux membres d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts : dans cet hémicycle siège une ancienne ministre qui a fait fermer la centrale nucléaire Superphénix en 1993 (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS),…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 749,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639788",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "N202bfd683968",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Vous partez de l’idée que ce sont les entreprises qui doivent payer, mais pour l’amiante ou le chlordécone, c’est l’État. Pourquoi ne serait-ce pas à l’État de payer aussi pour la dépollution des Pfas ? C’est une vraie question, et nous attendons une réponse du gouvernement.Une remarque aux membres d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts : dans cet hémicycle siège une ancienne ministre qui a fait fermer la centrale nucléaire Superphénix en 1993 (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639790",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639790"
   ],
   "order": 752,
   "text": "…ce qui nous a conduits à importer de l’électricité produite à base de charbon. Alors pourrions-nous arrêter d’écouter les écolos ? Cela devrait nous interpeller et nous amener à nous ressaisir collectivement. Quand les écolos proposent quelque chose, c’est souvent qu’il vaut mieux faire l’inverse ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 752,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639790",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd103d15701d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…ce qui nous a conduits à importer de l’électricité produite à base de charbon. Alors pourrions-nous arrêter d’écouter les écolos ? Cela devrait nous interpeller et nous amener à nous ressaisir collectivement. Quand les écolos proposent quelque chose, c’est souvent qu’il vaut mieux faire l’inverse ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639794",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3639794"
   ],
   "order": 756,
   "text": "Je vais m’efforcer de répondre aux questions que vous avez posées. La première est celle de savoir pourquoi ce sont les entreprises qui paient et non l’État. Comme vous le savez, l’État paie avec les impôts prélevés sur les entreprises et les ménages. La question est donc : faut-il que celui qui utilise des Pfas et qui les diffuse dans l’eau paie, ou bien est-ce à tout le monde de le faire ? Dans le second cas, un très faible montant est payé par l’entreprise qui utilise les Pfas, du fait de la dilution du paiement. Mais dans les deux cas, les entreprises sont amenées à payer, qu’elles émettent ou non des Pfas.Nous appliquons quant à nous le principe logique et rationnel, reconnu en économie, de l’émetteur-payeur, ou pollueur-payeur, qui met à contribution celui qui est à l’origine de l’externalité négative pour la collectivité publique.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 756,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3639794",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "N3b60a1310237",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais m’efforcer de répondre aux questions que vous avez posées. La première est celle de savoir pourquoi ce sont les entreprises qui paient et non l’État. Comme vous le savez, l’État paie avec les impôts prélevés sur les entreprises et les ménages. La question est donc : faut-il que celui qui utilise des Pfas et qui les diffuse dans l’eau paie, ou bien est-ce à tout le monde de le faire ? Dans le second cas, un très faible montant est payé par l’entreprise qui utilise les Pfas, du fait de la dilution du paiement. Mais dans les deux cas, les entreprises sont amenées à payer, qu’elles émettent ou non des Pfas.Nous appliquons quant à nous le principe logique et rationnel, reconnu en économie, de l’émetteur-payeur, ou pollueur-payeur, qui met à contribution celui qui est à l’origine de l’externalité négative pour la collectivité publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641387",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641387"
   ],
   "order": 759,
   "text": "Nous avons évidemment travaillé avec les entreprises et les industriels. Je rappelle, une nouvelle fois, que cela fait un an que nous préparons la mise en œuvre de ce texte, présenté en février 2024. Selon les évaluations, la contribution des entreprises s’élèvera à 10 millions d’euros par an. Parmi toutes les entreprises qui ont stabilisé leurs émissions de Pfas, il nous reste à définir le montant que devra payer un site qui réduit drastiquement – l’objectif est de 80 % – ses émissions. Les émetteurs connaissent le montant de leur redevance, qui finance les agences de bassin, lesquelles financent à leur tour les collectivités locales. Ce mécanisme économique incite les industriels à limiter les émissions en utilisant des filtres et des techniques particulières. Cela fonctionne : depuis un an, les émissions ont baissé, avec un bon rapport qualité-prix. En outre, nous prévoyons un budget pour aider les collectivités locales.Vous m’avez interrogée sur le traitement des pollutions lorsque les collectivités locales sont confrontées à des pollutions qui remontent à trente ans. Dans ce cas, le pollueur est parti depuis des années. Tout l’enjeu est alors de tirer les leçons des pollutions antérieures, afin de mieux les intégrer dans les procédés industriels. C’est ainsi que nous gagnons en compétitivité, monsieur Meurin !Enfin, nous pouvons nous féliciter d’être capables d’adopter des textes transpartisans, comme nous le demandent les Français. Le vote d’abstention que vous avez annoncé y contribuera.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 759,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641387",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 235,
   "annotation_id": "N4e41e70fee74",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons évidemment travaillé avec les entreprises et les industriels. Je rappelle, une nouvelle fois, que cela fait un an que nous préparons la mise en œuvre de ce texte, présenté en février 2024. Selon les évaluations, la contribution des entreprises s’élèvera à 10 millions d’euros par an. Parmi toutes les entreprises qui ont stabilisé leurs émissions de Pfas, il nous reste à définir le montant que devra payer un site qui réduit drastiquement – l’objectif est de 80 % – ses émissions. Les émetteurs connaissent le montant de leur redevance, qui finance les agences de bassin, lesquelles financent à leur tour les collectivités locales. Ce mécanisme économique incite les industriels à limiter les émissions en utilisant des filtres et des techniques particulières. Cela fonctionne : depuis un an, les émissions ont baissé, avec un bon rapport qualité-prix. En outre, nous prévoyons un budget pour aider les collectivités locales.Vous m’avez interrogée sur le traitement des pollutions lorsque les collectivités locales sont confrontées à des pollutions qui remontent à trente ans. Dans ce cas, le pollueur est parti depuis des années. Tout l’enjeu est alors de tirer les leçons des pollutions antérieures, afin de mieux les intégrer dans les procédés industriels. C’est ainsi que nous gagnons en compétitivité, monsieur Meurin !Enfin, nous pouvons nous féliciter d’être capables d’adopter des textes transpartisans, comme nous le demandent les Français. Le vote d’abstention que vous avez annoncé y contribuera."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641392",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641392"
   ],
   "order": 765,
   "text": "Cet amendement est le seul sur l’article 1er ter : il constitue donc l’unique occasion de nous interroger sur la manière dont cet article a été construit par les sénateurs, sans doute un peu trop rapidement.L’article dispose : « Dans un délai d’un an à compter de la promulgation de la présente loi, le gouvernement se dote d’un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine gérées par les collectivités territoriales responsables des services publics d’eau potable et d’assainissement, que cette gestion soit en régie ou déléguée. Ce plan présente les différentes ressources à la disposition des collectivités pour leur politique de dépollution, le rôle et les missions des agences de l’eau, le rôle de l’État dans l’accompagnement de ces politiques publiques ainsi qu’un calendrier prévisionnel. »Un an pour faire tout cela ! D’une part, cela ne colle pas à la réalité de ce que Mme la ministre vient de dire, car un travail de fond est nécessaire en collaboration avec les industriels et les collectivités, et il faut aussi tenir compte des démarches déjà engagées. D’autre part, cela ne correspond pas au calendrier budgétaire. Il n’est pas possible de faire miroiter des versements dès l’année prochaine, en 2026.Je propose donc de faire passer le délai d’un an à dix-huit mois. M. le rapporteur escompte une promulgation très rapide, mais je le crois optimiste. Puisque tout le monde a l’air de bonne volonté, imaginons qu’elle intervienne d’ici l’été : un délai de dix-huit mois nous renverrait alors au début de l’année 2027, ce qui paraît plus réaliste. Si vous gardez le délai initial, vous risquez de commettre des erreurs dans la construction de ce fonds interministériel, sans qu’il soit prêt à la date de son entrée en vigueur. L’amendement tend donc à apporter de la cohérence au texte.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter / ",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "6",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 765,
   "amendments": [
    "6"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641392",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 306,
   "annotation_id": "N8d98896f1fe2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est le seul sur l’article 1er ter : il constitue donc l’unique occasion de nous interroger sur la manière dont cet article a été construit par les sénateurs, sans doute un peu trop rapidement.L’article dispose : « Dans un délai d’un an à compter de la promulgation de la présente loi, le gouvernement se dote d’un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine gérées par les collectivités territoriales responsables des services publics d’eau potable et d’assainissement, que cette gestion soit en régie ou déléguée. Ce plan présente les différentes ressources à la disposition des collectivités pour leur politique de dépollution, le rôle et les missions des agences de l’eau, le rôle de l’État dans l’accompagnement de ces politiques publiques ainsi qu’un calendrier prévisionnel. »Un an pour faire tout cela ! D’une part, cela ne colle pas à la réalité de ce que Mme la ministre vient de dire, car un travail de fond est nécessaire en collaboration avec les industriels et les collectivités, et il faut aussi tenir compte des démarches déjà engagées. D’autre part, cela ne correspond pas au calendrier budgétaire. Il n’est pas possible de faire miroiter des versements dès l’année prochaine, en 2026.Je propose donc de faire passer le délai d’un an à dix-huit mois. M. le rapporteur escompte une promulgation très rapide, mais je le crois optimiste. Puisque tout le monde a l’air de bonne volonté, imaginons qu’elle intervienne d’ici l’été : un délai de dix-huit mois nous renverrait alors au début de l’année 2027, ce qui paraît plus réaliste. Si vous gardez le délai initial, vous risquez de commettre des erreurs dans la construction de ce fonds interministériel, sans qu’il soit prêt à la date de son entrée en vigueur. L’amendement tend donc à apporter de la cohérence au texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641396",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641396"
   ],
   "order": 771,
   "text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 70, alinéa 3, pour mise en cause personnelle. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)Mme la ministre m’a interpellé nommément, avant d’accuser notre groupe de ne pas se préoccuper de la santé des Français. Cessez de prétendre appartenir au camp du bien et, pour la bonne tenue de nos débats, ne vous livrez pas à des invectives ou à des accusations de cette nature !Madame la ministre, en fermant Fessenheim, vous avez donné du grain à moudre au marché du charbon. Du point de vue sanitaire, c’est très mauvais. En outre, votre gouvernement est responsable d’une pénurie de médicaments. Ne nous faites donc pas le coup de l’argument moral ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 1er ter",
   "article_id": "3639779",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 771,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641396",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 126,
   "annotation_id": "N2ba4f771beb4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fondement de l’article 70, alinéa 3, pour mise en cause personnelle. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Mme la ministre m’a interpellé nommément, avant d’accuser notre groupe de ne pas se préoccuper de la santé des Français. Cessez de prétendre appartenir au camp du bien et, pour la bonne tenue de nos débats, ne vous livrez pas à des invectives ou à des accusations de cette nature !Madame la ministre, en fermant Fessenheim, vous avez donné du grain à moudre au marché du charbon. Du point de vue sanitaire, c’est très mauvais. En outre, votre gouvernement est responsable d’une pénurie de médicaments. Ne nous faites donc pas le coup de l’argument moral ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641401",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641401"
   ],
   "order": 779,
   "text": "Même avis. Monsieur Meurin, je tiens à préciser que j’ai toujours soutenu le nucléaire, à la différence de votre présidente de groupe, qui a eu des sincérités successives sur ce sujet – et sur d’autres. Vous pouvez vérifier toutes mes déclarations, y compris celles qui remontent à la période où j’étais dans la vie civile. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes RN et LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 779,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641401",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 74,
   "annotation_id": "N30477aa6be66",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis. Monsieur Meurin, je tiens à préciser que j’ai toujours soutenu le nucléaire, à la différence de votre présidente de groupe, qui a eu des sincérités successives sur ce sujet – et sur d’autres. Vous pouvez vérifier toutes mes déclarations, y compris celles qui remontent à la période où j’étais dans la vie civile. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641404",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641404"
   ],
   "order": 782,
   "text": "S’agissant du plan national de financement, nous y travaillons depuis plus d’un an. Nous sommes prêts, il ne nous reste qu’un travail complémentaire à mener sur le site que j’ai mentionné et qui devrait être finalisé d’ici septembre. Le délai prévu sera respecté.Plus généralement, le financement de la feuille de route sur la qualité de l’eau, qui répond aux impératifs des directives européennes, est une préoccupation majeure pour les intercommunalités. Le premier ministre a soutenu l’idée de son prédécesseur d’une grande conférence nationale sur l’eau d’ici à 2050, permettant d’aborder les différents enjeux du point de vue de la quantité comme de la qualité, dans la perspective du dérèglement climatique. Il est urgent de l’organiser. Vous le voyez, nous respectons le calendrier politique qui avait été fixé.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 782,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641404",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 127,
   "annotation_id": "Nbc28c611287b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "S’agissant du plan national de financement, nous y travaillons depuis plus d’un an. Nous sommes prêts, il ne nous reste qu’un travail complémentaire à mener sur le site que j’ai mentionné et qui devrait être finalisé d’ici septembre. Le délai prévu sera respecté.Plus généralement, le financement de la feuille de route sur la qualité de l’eau, qui répond aux impératifs des directives européennes, est une préoccupation majeure pour les intercommunalités. Le premier ministre a soutenu l’idée de son prédécesseur d’une grande conférence nationale sur l’eau d’ici à 2050, permettant d’aborder les différents enjeux du point de vue de la quantité comme de la qualité, dans la perspective du dérèglement climatique. Il est urgent de l’organiser. Vous le voyez, nous respectons le calendrier politique qui avait été fixé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794598",
   "speaker": "Laurent Jacobelli",
   "quality": "M. Laurent Jacobelli",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641407",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641407"
   ],
   "order": 785,
   "text": "Je viens de recevoir une belle leçon d’économie : les entreprises seront plus compétitives en étant soumises à davantage de normes et de taxes ! Je vous invite, madame la ministre, à lire quelques ouvrages d’économie avant de vous exprimer ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 785,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641407",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "Nfc9d4313ec97",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je viens de recevoir une belle leçon d’économie : les entreprises seront plus compétitives en étant soumises à davantage de normes et de taxes ! Je vous invite, madame la ministre, à lire quelques ouvrages d’économie avant de vous exprimer ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794598",
   "speaker": "Laurent Jacobelli",
   "quality": "M. Laurent Jacobelli",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641410",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641410"
   ],
   "order": 788,
   "text": "Taxer encore plus nos entreprises et leur imposer de trouver des substituts aux Pfas, c’est augmenter le prix de vente de leurs produits, alors même qu’elles sont confrontées à la concurrence directe des Chinois, qui n’auront pas à respecter les mêmes normes. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupe LFI-NFP et GDR.)Une fois encore, vous allez saborder notre économie ! Ce n’est pas un hasard, puisque vous vous alliez aux écologistes qui veulent la décroissance, ainsi que la fin des vêtements, du chauffage et de l’électricité. Vous vous associez aux Pierrafeu, c’est l’âge de pierre que vous nous promettez ! Vous êtes à côté de la plaque ! Retirez immédiatement cette mesure ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 788,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641410",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 129,
   "annotation_id": "Nf3e9cdd3132d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Taxer encore plus nos entreprises et leur imposer de trouver des substituts aux Pfas, c’est augmenter le prix de vente de leurs produits, alors même qu’elles sont confrontées à la concurrence directe des Chinois, qui n’auront pas à respecter les mêmes normes. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupe [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Une fois encore, vous allez saborder notre économie ! Ce n’est pas un hasard, puisque vous vous alliez aux écologistes qui veulent la décroissance, ainsi que la fin des vêtements, du chauffage et de l’électricité. Vous vous associez aux Pierrafeu, c’est l’âge de pierre que vous nous promettez ! Vous êtes à côté de la plaque ! Retirez immédiatement cette mesure ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641413",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641413"
   ],
   "order": 792,
   "text": "Vos leçons d’économie et de soutien aux entreprises, alors que votre parti a défendu taxes sur taxes dans le dernier projet de loi de finances, pesant davantage encore sur les entreprises et les microentrepreneurs, n’ont aucune cohérence ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)Il y a quelques années, sur France Inter, votre présidente de groupe, Marine Le Pen, a affirmé que le nucléaire était dangereux et qu’il faudrait à terme y renoncer. Vous êtes complètement à la ramasse !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 792,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641413",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "N456243de9aaf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vos leçons d’économie et de soutien aux entreprises, alors que votre parti a défendu taxes sur taxes dans le dernier projet de loi de finances, pesant davantage encore sur les entreprises et les microentrepreneurs, n’ont aucune cohérence ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Il y a quelques années, sur France Inter, votre présidente de groupe, [PERSONNE], a affirmé que le nucléaire était dangereux et qu’il faudrait à terme y renoncer. Vous êtes complètement à la ramasse !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641416",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641416"
   ],
   "order": 795,
   "text": "Les moratoires sur les énergies renouvelables, que vous allez encore nous proposer, nous condamneront à dépendre des énergies fossiles de vos amis russes et qataris. (« Oh là là ! » sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 795,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641416",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N7d2c5d871405",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les moratoires sur les énergies renouvelables, que vous allez encore nous proposer, nous condamneront à dépendre des énergies fossiles de vos amis russes et qataris. (« Oh là là ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641419"
   ],
   "order": 798,
   "text": "Votre vision du mix énergétique est dépassée, comme votre vision de l’écologie, monsieur Meurin. Depuis le début de cette séance, vous nous donnez la preuve de votre climatoscepticisme et de votre incohérence totale sur les questions de santé publique ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 798,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641419",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N82792513b54f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Votre vision du mix énergétique est dépassée, comme votre vision de l’écologie, monsieur Meurin. Depuis le début de cette séance, vous nous donnez la preuve de votre climatoscepticisme et de votre incohérence totale sur les questions de santé publique ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641423"
   ],
   "order": 802,
   "text": "Si ce n’est pas le pollueur qui paye, les autres entreprises devront s’en charger et leur compétitivité risque d’être compromise. J’ai bien compris que vous aviez une capsule à faire pour vos réseaux sociaux, mais ce débat mérite plus de rigueur.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article": "Article 1er ter (suite)",
   "article_id": "3641611",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 802,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641423",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N836812dfaddf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si ce n’est pas le pollueur qui paye, les autres entreprises devront s’en charger et leur compétitivité risque d’être compromise. J’ai bien compris que vous aviez une capsule à faire pour vos réseaux sociaux, mais ce débat mérite plus de rigueur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641430",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641430"
   ],
   "order": 808,
   "text": "L’article 2 vise à créer une redevance pollueur-payeur dont le principe semble logique, même si l’article 1er bis fixe une trajectoire d’interdiction des émissions. Alors que les Dreal estiment que plusieurs kilogrammes de Pfas sont rejetés par jour, la redevance de 1 000 euros pour 100 grammes ne sera pas suffisante, sachant qu’il faut aussi prendre en compte les pollutions historiques : il y a des tonnes de Pfas dans nos nappes phréatiques et dans nos sols. Cette mesure nous apportera des dizaines de millions, mais la dépollution nous en coûtera des dizaines, voire des centaines de milliards. Ce n’est donc pas ainsi qu’on dépolluera nos rivières, nos nappes phréatiques et nos sols.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 808,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641430",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 113,
   "annotation_id": "Ndaeb2f5a105b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 vise à créer une redevance pollueur-payeur dont le principe semble logique, même si l’article 1er bis fixe une trajectoire d’interdiction des émissions. Alors que les Dreal estiment que plusieurs kilogrammes de Pfas sont rejetés par jour, la redevance de 1 000 euros pour 100 grammes ne sera pas suffisante, sachant qu’il faut aussi prendre en compte les pollutions historiques : il y a des tonnes de Pfas dans nos nappes phréatiques et dans nos sols. Cette mesure nous apportera des dizaines de millions, mais la dépollution nous en coûtera des dizaines, voire des centaines de milliards. Ce n’est donc pas ainsi qu’on dépolluera nos rivières, nos nappes phréatiques et nos sols."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840075",
   "speaker": "Eddy Casterman",
   "quality": "M. Eddy Casterman",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641432",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641432"
   ],
   "order": 810,
   "text": "L’article 2 illustre la collusion objective entre les adeptes de l’écologie punitive, de la taxe et de la norme, et les industriels chinois qui rêvent de transformer la France et l’Europe en un désert industriel. Voilà ce que nous proposent les écolos, soutenus par Mme Pannier-Runacher et les groupes du socle commun : un problème, une taxe ; une émission de Pfas, une nouvelle redevance !Cet article, qui ne sert strictement à rien, porte le stigmate du lobby de la décroissance industrielle. La redevance frappera indistinctement toutes les familles de Pfas, sans tenir compte de leur dangerosité pour l’environnement. Elle ne répond pas à l’enjeu de la dépollution nécessaire des sites industriels, qui ont besoin d’un véritable plan d’accompagnement de nos filières.La recette estimée de cette nouvelle redevance représente moins de 0,2 % des ressources actuelles de l’agence de l’eau, soit à peine 2 millions, alors que le coût de la dépollution des eaux souterraines est estimé à 847 milliards. C’est un gadget qui cible, une fois de plus, l’industrie chimique française, accusée de tous les maux – sauf, bien sûr, de créer 220 000 emplois et de contribuer à hauteur de 18 milliards à notre richesse nationale. Acculée et stigmatisée, l’industrie alerte depuis des années sur le risque de décrochage ; elle a prévenu qu’elle supprimerait 15 000 emplois d’ici trois ans…Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, pendant la discussion générale, vous avez dit que ce texte envoyait un message clair aux industriels français. En réalité, c’est aux industriels chinois, coréens et indiens que vous envoyez un message clair. Vous leur dites : « Regardez, nous avons encore voté une redevance. Nous avons encore pénalisé nos industries. Nous avons fermé l’usine Solvay, qui produisait du TFA, alors que cette substance est indispensable à la fabrication de traitements contre le cancer. Continuez à inonder nos marchés avec vos produits fabriqués dans des conditions sociales et environnementales épouvantables ! »",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 810,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641432",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 315,
   "annotation_id": "N5275b39f2514",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 illustre la collusion objective entre les adeptes de l’écologie punitive, de la taxe et de la norme, et les industriels chinois qui rêvent de transformer la France et l’Europe en un désert industriel. Voilà ce que nous proposent les écolos, soutenus par Mme Pannier-Runacher et les groupes du socle commun : un problème, une taxe ; une émission de Pfas, une nouvelle redevance !Cet article, qui ne sert strictement à rien, porte le stigmate du lobby de la décroissance industrielle. La redevance frappera indistinctement toutes les familles de Pfas, sans tenir compte de leur dangerosité pour l’environnement. Elle ne répond pas à l’enjeu de la dépollution nécessaire des sites industriels, qui ont besoin d’un véritable plan d’accompagnement de nos filières.La recette estimée de cette nouvelle redevance représente moins de 0,2 % des ressources actuelles de l’agence de l’eau, soit à peine 2 millions, alors que le coût de la dépollution des eaux souterraines est estimé à 847 milliards. C’est un gadget qui cible, une fois de plus, l’industrie chimique française, accusée de tous les maux – sauf, bien sûr, de créer 220 000 emplois et de contribuer à hauteur de 18 milliards à notre richesse nationale. Acculée et stigmatisée, l’industrie alerte depuis des années sur le risque de décrochage ; elle a prévenu qu’elle supprimerait 15 000 emplois d’ici trois ans…Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, pendant la discussion générale, vous avez dit que ce texte envoyait un message clair aux industriels français. En réalité, c’est aux industriels chinois, coréens et indiens que vous envoyez un message clair. Vous leur dites : « Regardez, nous avons encore voté une redevance. Nous avons encore pénalisé nos industries. Nous avons fermé l’usine Solvay, qui produisait du TFA, alors que cette substance est indispensable à la fabrication de traitements contre le cancer. Continuez à inonder nos marchés avec vos produits fabriqués dans des conditions sociales et environnementales épouvantables ! »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA840075",
   "speaker": "Eddy Casterman",
   "quality": "M. Eddy Casterman",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641691",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641691"
   ],
   "order": 815,
   "text": "Voilà le message désastreux que vous envoyez… (M. le président coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Les députés du groupe RN, ainsi que quelques députés du groupe UDR, applaudissent ce dernier.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 815,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641691",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Nf8aceffb04c4",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà le message désastreux que vous envoyez… (M. le président coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Les députés du groupe [GROUPE], ainsi que quelques députés du groupe [GROUPE], applaudissent ce dernier.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "M. Roland Lescure",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641693",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641693"
   ],
   "order": 817,
   "text": "Comme mon nom a été cité à plusieurs reprises ce matin, j’aimerais vous expliquer pourquoi je voterai cette proposition de loi et pourquoi je suis assez enthousiasmé par le travail qui a été réalisé depuis près d’un an pour la faire évoluer. Au moment où elle a été déposée, je l’ai trouvée attrape-tout et dangereuse, et je l’ai dit au banc, en tant que ministre de l’industrie. Elle ne me semblait pas en phase avec les défis que représentent ces polluants éternels, dont certains sont très dangereux – comme vous l’avez rappelé, monsieur le rapporteur – et il me semblait qu’elle risquait d’affaiblir durablement des industries françaises compétitives, notamment celle qui fabrique les fameuses poêles, dont je ne citerai pas le nom.Je voudrais remercier et féliciter le rapporteur, qui a réalisé un travail très important pour faire de cette proposition de loi un texte acceptable (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, SOC, EcoS et Dem), ainsi que le Sénat, qui a fait son travail. J’aimerais aussi souligner que la cohérence gouvernementale et la constance dans l’action gouvernementale, ça existe. Il y a près d’un an, c’est moi qui étais au banc, comme ministre de l’industrie, représentant Bercy ; aujourd’hui, c’est Mme Agnès Pannier-Runacher qui s’y trouve, représentant le ministère de l’écologie ; et nous allons adopter ce texte, qui tient compte à la fois des enjeux qui étaient ceux du ministère de l’industrie il y a un an et de ceux du ministère de l’écologie aujourd’hui.Nous ciblons les secteurs qui peuvent se permettre de sortir rapidement des Pfas et nous les accompagnons. Nous donnons à certaines industries, comme celle du textile, le temps de s’adapter pour sortir des Pfas dangereux. Nous évitons de cibler certaines professions, par exemple les pompiers, car les Pfas sont avant tout pour eux un gage de sécurité. Enfin, nous finançons la transition. Et tout cela se fait, sinon de manière consensuelle, du moins loin des caricatures.Je n’ai pas pris ma carte à Europe Écologie-Les Verts (« Ah ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS) et je ne compte pas la prendre – je vois que certains ici sont déçus (Sourires) –, mais nous montrons qu’en travaillant ensemble, à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, nos groupes parlementaires sont capables de converger, au service de l’industrie et de la planète. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 817,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641693",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 401,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd67bafcd7d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Comme mon nom a été cité à plusieurs reprises ce matin, j’aimerais vous expliquer pourquoi je voterai cette proposition de loi et pourquoi je suis assez enthousiasmé par le travail qui a été réalisé depuis près d’un an pour la faire évoluer. Au moment où elle a été déposée, je l’ai trouvée attrape-tout et dangereuse, et je l’ai dit au banc, en tant que ministre de l’industrie. Elle ne me semblait pas en phase avec les défis que représentent ces polluants éternels, dont certains sont très dangereux – comme vous l’avez rappelé, monsieur le rapporteur – et il me semblait qu’elle risquait d’affaiblir durablement des industries françaises compétitives, notamment celle qui fabrique les fameuses poêles, dont je ne citerai pas le nom.Je voudrais remercier et féliciter le rapporteur, qui a réalisé un travail très important pour faire de cette proposition de loi un texte acceptable (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Dem), ainsi que le Sénat, qui a fait son travail. J’aimerais aussi souligner que la cohérence gouvernementale et la constance dans l’action gouvernementale, ça existe. Il y a près d’un an, c’est moi qui étais au banc, comme ministre de l’industrie, représentant Bercy ; aujourd’hui, c’est Mme [PERSONNE] qui s’y trouve, représentant le ministère de l’écologie ; et nous allons adopter ce texte, qui tient compte à la fois des enjeux qui étaient ceux du ministère de l’industrie il y a un an et de ceux du ministère de l’écologie aujourd’hui.Nous ciblons les secteurs qui peuvent se permettre de sortir rapidement des Pfas et nous les accompagnons. Nous donnons à certaines industries, comme celle du textile, le temps de s’adapter pour sortir des Pfas dangereux. Nous évitons de cibler certaines professions, par exemple les pompiers, car les Pfas sont avant tout pour eux un gage de sécurité. Enfin, nous finançons la transition. Et tout cela se fait, sinon de manière consensuelle, du moins loin des caricatures.Je n’ai pas pris ma carte à Europe Écologie-Les Verts (« Ah ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et je ne compte pas la prendre – je vois que certains ici sont déçus (Sourires) –, mais nous montrons qu’en travaillant ensemble, à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, nos groupes parlementaires sont capables de converger, au service de l’industrie et de la planète. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330909",
   "speaker": "Vincent Descoeur",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Descoeur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641697",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641697"
   ],
   "order": 822,
   "text": "Je me réjouis de l’inscription dans ce texte du principe d’une redevance acquittée par les producteurs de Pfas, assise sur les rejets de Pfas dans le milieu naturel, particulièrement dans l’eau. Il est indispensable qu’ils prennent part à la dépollution en accompagnant, à travers les agences de l’eau, les collectivités qui vont devoir investir massivement – on parle de plusieurs dizaines de milliards d’euros – pour assurer la dépollution de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine.C’est la traduction dans la loi d’une proposition que mon collègue Yannick Haury et moi-même avions faite à l’occasion d’un rapport sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 822,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641697",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "Nb940304c8a32",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je me réjouis de l’inscription dans ce texte du principe d’une redevance acquittée par les producteurs de Pfas, assise sur les rejets de Pfas dans le milieu naturel, particulièrement dans l’eau. Il est indispensable qu’ils prennent part à la dépollution en accompagnant, à travers les agences de l’eau, les collectivités qui vont devoir investir massivement – on parle de plusieurs dizaines de milliards d’euros – pour assurer la dépollution de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine.C’est la traduction dans la loi d’une proposition que mon collègue [PERSONNE] et moi-même avions faite à l’occasion d’un rapport sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330909",
   "speaker": "Vincent Descoeur",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Descoeur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641700",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641700"
   ],
   "order": 825,
   "text": "Je me réjouis que cette proposition trouve une traduction concrète dans ce texte et j’en remercie notre rapporteur. Certes, cette redevance ne suffira pas à financer le prix de la dépollution, mais c’est aussi un signal adressé aux communes et aux collectivités locales, qui ne peuvent pas assumer seules le prix de cette dépollution. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 825,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641700",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "N3df80bb15b6d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je me réjouis que cette proposition trouve une traduction concrète dans ce texte et j’en remercie notre rapporteur. Certes, cette redevance ne suffira pas à financer le prix de la dépollution, mais c’est aussi un signal adressé aux communes et aux collectivités locales, qui ne peuvent pas assumer seules le prix de cette dépollution. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641702",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641702"
   ],
   "order": 827,
   "text": "Dans ce texte, les entrepreneurs sont considérés soit comme des pollueurs, soit comme des empoisonneurs, soit les deux. Votre politique économique vis-à-vis des entreprises revient à instaurer toujours plus de normes et de taxes. Résultat des courses, l’industrie française est en train de disparaître, au profit de l’industrie chinoise. À force de cultiver la défiance, plutôt que la confiance, vis-à-vis de nos entreprises, on se retrouve avec des importations souvent bien plus polluantes.En proposant de créer une nouvelle taxe, dont on ne connaît ni le montant exact, ni ce qu’elle va rapporter à l’État, vous faites un acte de déloyauté vis-à-vis de nos entreprises (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN. – « Oh là là !» sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et SOC).",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "37",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 827,
   "amendments": [
    "37"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641702",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "N69f0e97c1cbf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dans ce texte, les entrepreneurs sont considérés soit comme des pollueurs, soit comme des empoisonneurs, soit les deux. Votre politique économique vis-à-vis des entreprises revient à instaurer toujours plus de normes et de taxes. Résultat des courses, l’industrie française est en train de disparaître, au profit de l’industrie chinoise. À force de cultiver la défiance, plutôt que la confiance, vis-à-vis de nos entreprises, on se retrouve avec des importations souvent bien plus polluantes.En proposant de créer une nouvelle taxe, dont on ne connaît ni le montant exact, ni ce qu’elle va rapporter à l’État, vous faites un acte de déloyauté vis-à-vis de nos entreprises (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – « Oh là là !» sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE])."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641705",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641705"
   ],
   "order": 830,
   "text": "Eh oui, vous faites preuve de déloyauté ! Vous pouvez continuer à parler de réindustrialisation, mais ce n’est pas ce que vous faites en ajoutant sans cesse des normes et des taxes ! C’est en installant la concurrence chinoise à nos portes que vous avez détruit notre industrie automobile : il faudrait que vous vous mettiez ça dans la tête ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "37",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 830,
   "amendments": [
    "37"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641705",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "N32d266d59bb2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Eh oui, vous faites preuve de déloyauté ! Vous pouvez continuer à parler de réindustrialisation, mais ce n’est pas ce que vous faites en ajoutant sans cesse des normes et des taxes ! C’est en installant la concurrence chinoise à nos portes que vous avez détruit notre industrie automobile : il faudrait que vous vous mettiez ça dans la tête ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641708",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641708"
   ],
   "order": 833,
   "text": "Ce que vous oubliez, et M. Descoeur l’a bien rappelé, c’est que ce sont d’abord les collectivités qui vont se retrouver, dans peu de temps, devant un mur d’investissement. Qu’allez-vous raconter aux maires de votre circonscription, quand ils vont venir vous solliciter en vous disant qu’ils sont au pied du mur, qu’ils ont seulement trois ans pour se mettre aux normes et qu’ils n’ont pas les moyens de construire une nouvelle station d’épuration ? Vous leur direz que vous avez voté contre l’instauration d’une redevance qui avait vocation à les aider ? Si vous lisez bien le texte, vous verrez que cette redevance ne concerne pas les très petites, petites et moyennes entreprises (TPE et PME), mais les grands producteurs de Pfas, c’est-à-dire les grands groupes.Par ailleurs, l’alinéa 5, qui a été complété par les sénateurs, répond à la crainte que vous exprimez : seuls les Pfas directement liés à l’activité de l’entreprise seront pris en compte. Sur ce point, votre amendement est donc satisfait. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 833,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641708",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 167,
   "annotation_id": "N0eb29cfded8e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce que vous oubliez, et M. Descoeur l’a bien rappelé, c’est que ce sont d’abord les collectivités qui vont se retrouver, dans peu de temps, devant un mur d’investissement. Qu’allez-vous raconter aux maires de votre circonscription, quand ils vont venir vous solliciter en vous disant qu’ils sont au pied du mur, qu’ils ont seulement trois ans pour se mettre aux normes et qu’ils n’ont pas les moyens de construire une nouvelle station d’épuration ? Vous leur direz que vous avez voté contre l’instauration d’une redevance qui avait vocation à les aider ? Si vous lisez bien le texte, vous verrez que cette redevance ne concerne pas les très petites, petites et moyennes entreprises (TPE et PME), mais les grands producteurs de Pfas, c’est-à-dire les grands groupes.Par ailleurs, l’alinéa 5, qui a été complété par les sénateurs, répond à la crainte que vous exprimez : seuls les Pfas directement liés à l’activité de l’entreprise seront pris en compte. Sur ce point, votre amendement est donc satisfait. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641711",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641711"
   ],
   "order": 836,
   "text": "Je suis stupéfaite de ce que j’entends. Je rappelle que ce gouvernement, comme ceux qui l’ont précédé depuis 2017, ont tous mené, sous l’égide d’Emmanuel Macron, une politique de l’offre, qui reposait notamment sur une baisse massive des taxes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 836,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641711",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "Nabc27e772d51",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis stupéfaite de ce que j’entends. Je rappelle que ce gouvernement, comme ceux qui l’ont précédé depuis 2017, ont tous mené, sous l’égide d’[PERSONNE], une politique de l’offre, qui reposait notamment sur une baisse massive des taxes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641713",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641713"
   ],
   "order": 838,
   "text": "Et cette politique de l’offre, reposant sur une baisse massive des taxes, vous l’avez contestée à peu près chaque année (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem) et vous avez voté contre chaque année.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 838,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641713",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "N70cbc7807af6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Et cette politique de l’offre, reposant sur une baisse massive des taxes, vous l’avez contestée à peu près chaque année (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem) et vous avez voté contre chaque année."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641715",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641715"
   ],
   "order": 840,
   "text": "Alors, recevoir de votre part des leçons au sujet des hausses de taxes, c’est un peu lunaire ! Même votre budget concurrent ou alternatif proposait des augmentations massives de taxes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 840,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641715",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N063e7357cc33",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Alors, recevoir de votre part des leçons au sujet des hausses de taxes, c’est un peu lunaire ! Même votre budget concurrent ou alternatif proposait des augmentations massives de taxes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641719",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641719"
   ],
   "order": 844,
   "text": "Les faits sont têtus. Quels sont les gouvernements qui ont baissé les taxes de 50 milliards ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR.) On nous le reproche suffisamment… Ce sont les gouvernements qui se sont succédé depuis sept ans. Et il se trouve que cela a eu pour effet de créer 2,5 millions d’emplois, dont 150 000 dans l’industrie. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.) C’est du jamais-vu en quarante ans. Alors, attention à ce que vous racontez. Reportez-vous aux chiffres de l’Insee : vous y trouverez les 150 000 emplois industriels. À moins que vous ne teniez encore un discours complotiste…Par ailleurs, nous ne vous avons pas attendus pour travailler avec France Chimie sur ce texte. Enfin, dès lors que nos industriels sont déjà tous en conformité avec les règles que nous édictons,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 844,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641719",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 136,
   "annotation_id": "N89af84b63eb5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les faits sont têtus. Quels sont les gouvernements qui ont baissé les taxes de 50 milliards ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) On nous le reproche suffisamment… Ce sont les gouvernements qui se sont succédé depuis sept ans. Et il se trouve que cela a eu pour effet de créer 2,5 millions d’emplois, dont 150 000 dans l’industrie. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) C’est du jamais-vu en quarante ans. Alors, attention à ce que vous racontez. Reportez-vous aux chiffres de l’Insee : vous y trouverez les 150 000 emplois industriels. À moins que vous ne teniez encore un discours complotiste…Par ailleurs, nous ne vous avons pas attendus pour travailler avec France Chimie sur ce texte. Enfin, dès lors que nos industriels sont déjà tous en conformité avec les règles que nous édictons,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641724",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641724"
   ],
   "order": 849,
   "text": "L’article 2 soulève une question très sensible quand on voit la situation de notre économie, la conjoncture qui nous attend en 2026 et les difficultés du secteur industriel. Bien sûr, il y a des bouleversements, et on sent que le champ économique, notamment industriel, va connaître des changements considérables avec l’intelligence artificielle dans les années à venir. Mais on ne peut pas ignorer que cette redevance a quelque chose d’anxiogène et qu’elle pourrait faire naître un sentiment d’iniquité chez certains industriels.Le principe pollueur-payeur, je pense que tout le monde ici le respecte. Mais chacun sait, et nous en avons parlé au début de l’examen de ce texte, que nous ne pourrons pas exercer un contrôle total sur les importations – c’est un euphémisme, car il y a beaucoup de choses que l’on ne pourra pas du tout contrôler. Il faut être réaliste, et nous avons déjà eu ce débat à propos des importations alimentaires, au sujet de certains accords commerciaux. Ce texte ouvre la voie à des contrôles douaniers, mais le nombre de douaniers ne va pas augmenter dans un avenir proche.Comment mettre à contribution les pollueurs étrangers…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 849,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641724",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 188,
   "annotation_id": "Ne2c1134276a4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 soulève une question très sensible quand on voit la situation de notre économie, la conjoncture qui nous attend en 2026 et les difficultés du secteur industriel. Bien sûr, il y a des bouleversements, et on sent que le champ économique, notamment industriel, va connaître des changements considérables avec l’intelligence artificielle dans les années à venir. Mais on ne peut pas ignorer que cette redevance a quelque chose d’anxiogène et qu’elle pourrait faire naître un sentiment d’iniquité chez certains industriels.Le principe pollueur-payeur, je pense que tout le monde ici le respecte. Mais chacun sait, et nous en avons parlé au début de l’examen de ce texte, que nous ne pourrons pas exercer un contrôle total sur les importations – c’est un euphémisme, car il y a beaucoup de choses que l’on ne pourra pas du tout contrôler. Il faut être réaliste, et nous avons déjà eu ce débat à propos des importations alimentaires, au sujet de certains accords commerciaux. Ce texte ouvre la voie à des contrôles douaniers, mais le nombre de douaniers ne va pas augmenter dans un avenir proche.Comment mettre à contribution les pollueurs étrangers…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641728",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641728"
   ],
   "order": 853,
   "text": "…qui produisent dans des conditions bien plus mauvaises qu’en France et qui vont continuer à faire entrer leurs produits en France ? (Mme Béatrice Roullaud applaudit.) Ces produits de mauvaise qualité libéreront des polluants dans notre environnement immédiat, dans nos cours d’eau comme dans l’atmosphère. Comment mettre ces gens-là à contribution ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 853,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641728",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "Nf5f1b3f484bc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…qui produisent dans des conditions bien plus mauvaises qu’en France et qui vont continuer à faire entrer leurs produits en France ? (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Ces produits de mauvaise qualité libéreront des polluants dans notre environnement immédiat, dans nos cours d’eau comme dans l’atmosphère. Comment mettre ces gens-là à contribution ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641732",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641732"
   ],
   "order": 857,
   "text": "Actuellement, dans la mesure où les rejets sont estimés à quelques kilogrammes par jour, cette taxe pourrait représenter quelques dizaines de millions par an. J’ai une bonne nouvelle pour nos collègues du Front national…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 857,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641732",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "N5b402f774c1e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Actuellement, dans la mesure où les rejets sont estimés à quelques kilogrammes par jour, cette taxe pourrait représenter quelques dizaines de millions par an. J’ai une bonne nouvelle pour nos collègues du Front national…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641734",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641734"
   ],
   "order": 859,
   "text": "…je voulais dire Rassemblement national : comme nous avons voté une trajectoire qui prévoit la fin des rejets dans cinq ans, cette redevance s’éteindra naturellement, elle aussi, dans cinq ans.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 859,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641734",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "N0ca0161ecc15",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…je voulais dire [GROUPE] : comme nous avons voté une trajectoire qui prévoit la fin des rejets dans cinq ans, cette redevance s’éteindra naturellement, elle aussi, dans cinq ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641740",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641740"
   ],
   "order": 865,
   "text": "Chers collègues d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts – j’ai l’impression que Fabien Di Filippo est le seul, dans cet hémicycle, à ne pas avoir été contaminé, mais qu’il prenne garde, car c’est hautement toxique –, je vois qu’on est toujours dans la stratégie du pifomètre.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "14",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 865,
   "amendments": [
    "14"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641740",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N05eaefd6362c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues d’Asie Écologie-Les Verts – j’ai l’impression que [PERSONNE] est le seul, dans cet hémicycle, à ne pas avoir été contaminé, mais qu’il prenne garde, car c’est hautement toxique –, je vois qu’on est toujours dans la stratégie du pifomètre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641742",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641742"
   ],
   "order": 867,
   "text": "Pourquoi 100 euros par 100 grammes ? Comme vous n’avez fait aucune étude d’impact, comment avez-vous calculé le montant de cette redevance ? Aucune étude scientifique sérieuse ne permet de le justifier.Vous vous êtes peut-être dit sur un coin de table que 100 euros par 100 grammes, ce n’était pas mal, mais ce n’est pas très sérieux. Du reste, l’ensemble de cette proposition de loi manque de sérieux. Il faut arrêter d’écouter les écologistes, parce que si on les écoutait, on reviendrait à la traction animale, voire, peut-être, à la traction humaine. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "14",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 867,
   "amendments": [
    "14"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641742",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 99,
   "annotation_id": "N75b46e97cca6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi 100 euros par 100 grammes ? Comme vous n’avez fait aucune étude d’impact, comment avez-vous calculé le montant de cette redevance ? Aucune étude scientifique sérieuse ne permet de le justifier.Vous vous êtes peut-être dit sur un coin de table que 100 euros par 100 grammes, ce n’était pas mal, mais ce n’est pas très sérieux. Du reste, l’ensemble de cette proposition de loi manque de sérieux. Il faut arrêter d’écouter les écologistes, parce que si on les écoutait, on reviendrait à la traction animale, voire, peut-être, à la traction humaine. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641747",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641747"
   ],
   "order": 872,
   "text": "Vous avez inventé dans le budget une taxe sur les voitures d’occasion, alors ne nous donnez pas de leçons ! Nous, nous voulons baisser les taxes, et vous, vous passez votre temps à les augmenter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "14",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 872,
   "amendments": [
    "14"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641747",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N219cafe6902d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez inventé dans le budget une taxe sur les voitures d’occasion, alors ne nous donnez pas de leçons ! Nous, nous voulons baisser les taxes, et vous, vous passez votre temps à les augmenter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841587",
   "speaker": "David Magnier",
   "quality": "M. David Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641750",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641750"
   ],
   "order": 875,
   "text": "Dans notre droit, on distingue les peines selon la gravité des crimes. On ne sanctionne pas un vol de la même façon qu’un homicide. Pourquoi appliquer une taxe uniforme à des substances qui n’ont pas le même impact sur l’environnement et la santé humaine ? D’autres pays, comme l’Allemagne et la Suède, l’ont compris, eux, et ils adaptent la taxation à la dangerosité des substances. Pourquoi la France resterait-elle en retard ?En commission, on nous a affirmé que les Pfas étaient dangereux. Certes, mais faut-il les taxer de manière uniforme, sans distinction et sans prendre en compte leur impact réel ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 875,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641750",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 101,
   "annotation_id": "Nd50cf3e21cbb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dans notre droit, on distingue les peines selon la gravité des crimes. On ne sanctionne pas un vol de la même façon qu’un homicide. Pourquoi appliquer une taxe uniforme à des substances qui n’ont pas le même impact sur l’environnement et la santé humaine ? D’autres pays, comme l’Allemagne et la Suède, l’ont compris, eux, et ils adaptent la taxation à la dangerosité des substances. Pourquoi la France resterait-elle en retard ?En commission, on nous a affirmé que les Pfas étaient dangereux. Certes, mais faut-il les taxer de manière uniforme, sans distinction et sans prendre en compte leur impact réel ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841587",
   "speaker": "David Magnier",
   "quality": "M. David Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641753",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641753"
   ],
   "order": 878,
   "text": "Nous savons que la dépollution des eaux contaminées par les Pfas coûtera des centaines de milliards d’euros. Il est impératif que la redevance soit proportionnée à la nocivité des substances concernées pour inciter les industriels à réduire en priorité les plus dangereuses et à innover en se dirigeant vers des solutions alternatives plus sûres.Cet amendement apporte une réponse simple et juste : un tarif modulé, selon la toxicité, déterminé par un décret transparent ; une approche cohérente, alignée sur les réalités scientifiques et économiques. Nous avons le choix entre une taxe arbitraire, que propose le texte, et un outil incitatif et efficace, contenu dans mon amendement. Je vous invite donc à le voter. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 878,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3641753",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 120,
   "annotation_id": "N1c9314a25135",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous savons que la dépollution des eaux contaminées par les Pfas coûtera des centaines de milliards d’euros. Il est impératif que la redevance soit proportionnée à la nocivité des substances concernées pour inciter les industriels à réduire en priorité les plus dangereuses et à innover en se dirigeant vers des solutions alternatives plus sûres.Cet amendement apporte une réponse simple et juste : un tarif modulé, selon la toxicité, déterminé par un décret transparent ; une approche cohérente, alignée sur les réalités scientifiques et économiques. Nous avons le choix entre une taxe arbitraire, que propose le texte, et un outil incitatif et efficace, contenu dans mon amendement. Je vous invite donc à le voter. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841451",
   "speaker": "Julien Guibert",
   "quality": "M. Julien Guibert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642030",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642030"
   ],
   "order": 882,
   "text": "En matière de taxes, avec la gauche, nous sommes toujours servis ! Alors que la fiscalité environnementale doit reposer sur une analyse rigoureuse des émissions nettes, vous sortez de nulle part un montant de 100 euros les 100 grammes qu’aucun élément technique ou scientifique ne justifie. Les entreprises investissent déjà massivement dans des dispositifs de réduction des Pfas au coût souvent élevé ; elles doivent financer la dépollution ; une redevance fixe, arbitraire, reviendrait à les taxer une seconde fois. Cette approche injuste les pénalise face à leurs concurrents étrangers, qui opèrent en dehors du champ d’application de la loi française. Cessons donc cette course à la taxation normative qui fait fuir nos industriels à l’autre bout du monde, alors que nombre d’entre eux, conscients de l’enjeu, initient des actions correctives pour préserver l’environnement. Soutenons-les plutôt : ils contribuent largement à l’effort national dans tous les domaines.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "17",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 882,
   "amendments": [
    "17"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642030",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N852c9cc4ca5a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "En matière de taxes, avec la gauche, nous sommes toujours servis ! Alors que la fiscalité environnementale doit reposer sur une analyse rigoureuse des émissions nettes, vous sortez de nulle part un montant de 100 euros les 100 grammes qu’aucun élément technique ou scientifique ne justifie. Les entreprises investissent déjà massivement dans des dispositifs de réduction des Pfas au coût souvent élevé ; elles doivent financer la dépollution ; une redevance fixe, arbitraire, reviendrait à les taxer une seconde fois. Cette approche injuste les pénalise face à leurs concurrents étrangers, qui opèrent en dehors du champ d’application de la loi française. Cessons donc cette course à la taxation normative qui fait fuir nos industriels à l’autre bout du monde, alors que nombre d’entre eux, conscients de l’enjeu, initient des actions correctives pour préserver l’environnement. Soutenons-les plutôt : ils contribuent largement à l’effort national dans tous les domaines."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841451",
   "speaker": "Julien Guibert",
   "quality": "M. Julien Guibert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642032",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642032"
   ],
   "order": 884,
   "text": "Une fiscalité excessive, sans souplesse, n’entraînera que des délocalisations vers des pays moins contraignants, avec des conséquences négatives pour l’emploi comme pour l’environnement. Fixer par décret le montant de la redevance, ce que prévoit cet amendement, permettrait en revanche une adaptation progressive, tenant compte des progrès technologiques et des réalités économiques. Au lieu de punir aveuglément, encourageons l’innovation, accompagnons nos industries vers des pratiques plus vertueuses, favorisons la recherche et le développement de solutions viables ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "17",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 884,
   "amendments": [
    "17"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642032",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N34d8a7e42712",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Une fiscalité excessive, sans souplesse, n’entraînera que des délocalisations vers des pays moins contraignants, avec des conséquences négatives pour l’emploi comme pour l’environnement. Fixer par décret le montant de la redevance, ce que prévoit cet amendement, permettrait en revanche une adaptation progressive, tenant compte des progrès technologiques et des réalités économiques. Au lieu de punir aveuglément, encourageons l’innovation, accompagnons nos industries vers des pratiques plus vertueuses, favorisons la recherche et le développement de solutions viables ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719798",
   "speaker": "Daniel Labaronne",
   "quality": "M. Daniel Labaronne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642038",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642038"
   ],
   "order": 890,
   "text": "Je m’étonne, chers collègues, de votre indignation au sujet des augmentations de taxes et autres redevances. Nous aurions aimé vous entendre en ce sens lorsque, comme l’a rappelé Mme la ministre, nous avons mené une politique de diminution des impôts :…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 890,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642038",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N733a88d40bf9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’étonne, chers collègues, de votre indignation au sujet des augmentations de taxes et autres redevances. Nous aurions aimé vous entendre en ce sens lorsque, comme l’a rappelé Mme la ministre, nous avons mené une politique de diminution des impôts :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719798",
   "speaker": "Daniel Labaronne",
   "quality": "M. Daniel Labaronne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642042",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642042"
   ],
   "order": 893,
   "text": "…25 milliards d’euros pour les consommateurs et autant pour les entreprises. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.) Nous aurions aimé vous entendre lors de l’examen, en commission, de la première partie du projet de loi de finances pour 2025, consacrée aux recettes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 893,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642042",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N5114203a9b3f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…25 milliards d’euros pour les consommateurs et autant pour les entreprises. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.) Nous aurions aimé vous entendre lors de l’examen, en commission, de la première partie du projet de loi de finances pour 2025, consacrée aux recettes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719798",
   "speaker": "Daniel Labaronne",
   "quality": "M. Daniel Labaronne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642044",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642044"
   ],
   "order": 895,
   "text": "Vous avez voté en faveur de 60 milliards d’impôts supplémentaires (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN) avant de prendre peur de cette logorrhée fiscale et, en définitive, de rejeter le texte issu des travaux de la commission – c’est-à-dire de voter en bloc contre ce que vous aviez voulu en détail. Si vous êtes opposés aux alourdissements de la fiscalité, vous aurez du reste l’occasion de le manifester cet après-midi,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 895,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642044",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "N94f4ce06c38d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez voté en faveur de 60 milliards d’impôts supplémentaires (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) avant de prendre peur de cette logorrhée fiscale et, en définitive, de rejeter le texte issu des travaux de la commission – c’est-à-dire de voter en bloc contre ce que vous aviez voulu en détail. Si vous êtes opposés aux alourdissements de la fiscalité, vous aurez du reste l’occasion de le manifester cet après-midi,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719798",
   "speaker": "Daniel Labaronne",
   "quality": "M. Daniel Labaronne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642046",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642046"
   ],
   "order": 897,
   "text": "…puisque vous devrez vous prononcer au sujet d’un nouvel impôt – j’ai cru comprendre que vous comptiez vous abstenir. Faites donc preuve de cohérence. Dans tous les cas, nous n’avons pas de leçons à recevoir de vous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR. – Mme Anne-Cécile Violland applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 897,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642046",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "Na1801430ab38",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…puisque vous devrez vous prononcer au sujet d’un nouvel impôt – j’ai cru comprendre que vous comptiez vous abstenir. Faites donc preuve de cohérence. Dans tous les cas, nous n’avons pas de leçons à recevoir de vous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642048",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642048"
   ],
   "order": 899,
   "text": "Ces amendements nous renvoient à une intéressante donnée du problème, que nous nous sommes jusqu’ici peut-être trop dispensés de considérer dans le cadre de ce débat, il est vrai lui-même un peu court – eu égard à l’importance du sujet, mieux aurait valu y consacrer quelques heures de plus. Je veux parler de la question suivante : quels Pfas sont réellement dangereux pour l’homme ? Une dizaine, parmi lesquels le PFOA, le PFOS, le PFHXS – acide perfluorohexanesulfonique – ou le PFHXA – acide perfluorohexanoïque – présentent sur l’organisme des effets avérés tels que l’augmentation du cholestérol, l’apparition de cancers, des problèmes de fertilité ou de développement du fœtus. Quant à l’acide perfluoroheptanoïque, le PFHPA, il est soupçonné d’interférer avec le système endocrinien.Selon Bruno Ameduri, spécialiste de la chimie et des matériaux macromoléculaires, il existe deux types de Pfas. Les petites molécules, PFOA, PFOS, dont parlait tout à l’heure le professeur Juvin, traversent la membrane cellulaire et restent dans le sang, d’où leur toxicité persistante. Les grosses, appelées polymères, ne traversant pas cette membrane, ne sont ni toxiques ni bioaccumulables ; au contraire, biocompatibles, elles entrent dans la composition des prothèses cardiovasculaires, des stents, des veines artificielles.Je me permets d’apporter au débat cette distinction d’autant plus importante que l’opinion publique tend à mettre tous les Pfas dans le même sac. La question des rejets pourrait donc mériter une réponse différenciée, en d’autres termes un barème de taxation.Mme la ministre souhaite 100 euros pour 100 grammes : pourquoi pas ? Peut-être avez-vous mesuré l’intégralité des émissions et estimé que ce tarif permettrait de faire correspondre la recette aux besoins en matière de financement de la dépollution. Seulement, est-ce bien à ce calcul que vous vous êtes livrés, et serait-il possible de le moduler en fonction de la distinction que je viens de rappeler ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 899,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642048",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 303,
   "annotation_id": "Nbc97b0d31001",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements nous renvoient à une intéressante donnée du problème, que nous nous sommes jusqu’ici peut-être trop dispensés de considérer dans le cadre de ce débat, il est vrai lui-même un peu court – eu égard à l’importance du sujet, mieux aurait valu y consacrer quelques heures de plus. Je veux parler de la question suivante : quels Pfas sont réellement dangereux pour l’homme ? Une dizaine, parmi lesquels le PFOA, le PFOS, le PFHXS – acide perfluorohexanesulfonique – ou le PFHXA – acide perfluorohexanoïque – présentent sur l’organisme des effets avérés tels que l’augmentation du cholestérol, l’apparition de cancers, des problèmes de fertilité ou de développement du fœtus. Quant à l’acide perfluoroheptanoïque, le PFHPA, il est soupçonné d’interférer avec le système endocrinien.Selon Bruno Ameduri, spécialiste de la chimie et des matériaux macromoléculaires, il existe deux types de Pfas. Les petites molécules, PFOA, PFOS, dont parlait tout à l’heure le professeur Juvin, traversent la membrane cellulaire et restent dans le sang, d’où leur toxicité persistante. Les grosses, appelées polymères, ne traversant pas cette membrane, ne sont ni toxiques ni bioaccumulables ; au contraire, biocompatibles, elles entrent dans la composition des prothèses cardiovasculaires, des stents, des veines artificielles.Je me permets d’apporter au débat cette distinction d’autant plus importante que l’opinion publique tend à mettre tous les Pfas dans le même sac. La question des rejets pourrait donc mériter une réponse différenciée, en d’autres termes un barème de taxation.Mme la ministre souhaite 100 euros pour 100 grammes : pourquoi pas ? Peut-être avez-vous mesuré l’intégralité des émissions et estimé que ce tarif permettrait de faire correspondre la recette aux besoins en matière de financement de la dépollution. Seulement, est-ce bien à ce calcul que vous vous êtes livrés, et serait-il possible de le moduler en fonction de la distinction que je viens de rappeler ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642055",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642055"
   ],
   "order": 908,
   "text": "…s’est livré à un numéro d’autosatisfaction qui n’avait absolument rien à voir avec les amendements en cause. J’aimerais que nous puissions revenir au fond du débat, d’autant que les Français ne semblent guère partager son opinion. Peut-être ne comprennent-ils rien à votre grande science, mais… (M. le président coupe le micro de l’orateur.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3641427",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 908,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642055",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "N4d7a8cd5e2e9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…s’est livré à un numéro d’autosatisfaction qui n’avait absolument rien à voir avec les amendements en cause. J’aimerais que nous puissions revenir au fond du débat, d’autant que les Français ne semblent guère partager son opinion. Peut-être ne comprennent-ils rien à votre grande science, mais… (M. le président coupe le micro de l’orateur.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642061",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642061"
   ],
   "order": 914,
   "text": "Des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens sont inquiets au sujet de l’eau qu’ils boivent. À Paris, un litre contient 40 ou 50 nanogrammes de Pfas ; dans certaines régions, ce taux dépasse 100 nanogrammes. Il faut donc absolument que la transparence s’impose.Puisque nous touchons à la fin de l’examen de ce texte, je profite de cette intervention pour remercier un peu tout le monde, depuis les anciens ministres Christophe Béchu et Roland Lescure jusqu’à notre rapporteur. Dans ma circonscription, la pollution par les Pfas a été révélée il y a trois ans ; d’emblée, le gouvernement s’est saisi du problème. Il y a eu un rapport gouvernemental, un plan, les industriels ont été sensibilisés, ce fut un vrai travail collectif, rapide, efficace. Et aujourd’hui, sur les bancs de notre assemblée, nous sommes unanimes – au Rassemblement national près, dont on peut regretter qu’il n’ait pas compris les enjeux du texte en matière de santé publique.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 914,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642061",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 156,
   "annotation_id": "N99bbe5a18594",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ST",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Des centaines de milliers de nos concitoyens sont inquiets au sujet de l’eau qu’ils boivent. À Paris, un litre contient 40 ou 50 nanogrammes de Pfas ; dans certaines régions, ce taux dépasse 100 nanogrammes. Il faut donc absolument que la transparence s’impose.Puisque nous touchons à la fin de l’examen de ce texte, je profite de cette intervention pour remercier un peu tout le monde, depuis les anciens ministres [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] jusqu’à notre rapporteur. Dans ma circonscription, la pollution par les Pfas a été révélée il y a trois ans ; d’emblée, le gouvernement s’est saisi du problème. Il y a eu un rapport gouvernemental, un plan, les industriels ont été sensibilisés, ce fut un vrai travail collectif, rapide, efficace. Et aujourd’hui, sur les bancs de notre assemblée, nous sommes unanimes – au [GROUPE] près, dont on peut regretter qu’il n’ait pas compris les enjeux du texte en matière de santé publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794802",
   "speaker": "Charles Sitzenstuhl",
   "quality": "M. Charles Sitzenstuhl",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642064",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642064"
   ],
   "order": 917,
   "text": "Nous soutiendrons l’article 2 bis qui renforce la transparence au sujet de la pollution des eaux en prévoyant la diffusion d’informations à l’ensemble de nos concitoyens.De même que notre collègue, je souhaite indiquer, à ce stade de l’examen du texte, que notre groupe le soutiendra et, à titre personnel, saluer le fait qu’un certain nombre d’acteurs de la cause écologiste aient permis à la représentation nationale de prendre conscience du danger représenté par les Pfas. J’avoue que, pour ma part, je l’ignorais entièrement. Plusieurs personnes sont venues m’en parler. Il y a là une manière intelligente, transpartisane à défaut d’être consensuelle, de faire progresser concrètement l’écologie.Nous voterons pour ce texte avec d’autant plus de plaisir que le débat de ce matin a révélé l’escroquerie intellectuelle de l’extrême droite. Un collègue nous a rappelé les règles du marché intérieur alors qu’il est issu de la formation la plus anti-européenne de cet hémicycle. D’autres nous ont expliqué vouloir soutenir les entreprises alors qu’il y a quelques mois, lors de l’examen en commission puis en première lecture du projet de loi de finances présenté par le gouvernement Barnier, ils votaient pour toutes les hausses de taxes. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.) Enfin, ils n’ont plus à la bouche que le mot de science, alors que la science a démontré l’urgence d’agir en faveur de l’environnement et la réalité d’un réchauffement climatique que l’extrême droite s’obstine à nier (Mêmes mouvements), fascinée par un Donald Trump qui sort de l’accord de Paris et attaque violemment les militants écologistes ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 917,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642064",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 265,
   "annotation_id": "Naddf1488800c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous soutiendrons l’article 2 bis qui renforce la transparence au sujet de la pollution des eaux en prévoyant la diffusion d’informations à l’ensemble de nos concitoyens.De même que notre collègue, je souhaite indiquer, à ce stade de l’examen du texte, que notre groupe le soutiendra et, à titre personnel, saluer le fait qu’un certain nombre d’acteurs de la cause [GROUPE] aient permis à la représentation nationale de prendre conscience du danger représenté par les Pfas. J’avoue que, pour ma part, je l’ignorais entièrement. Plusieurs personnes sont venues m’en parler. Il y a là une manière intelligente, transpartisane à défaut d’être consensuelle, de faire progresser concrètement l’écologie.Nous voterons pour ce texte avec d’autant plus de plaisir que le débat de ce matin a révélé l’escroquerie intellectuelle de l’extrême droite. Un collègue nous a rappelé les règles du marché intérieur alors qu’il est issu de la formation la plus anti-européenne de cet hémicycle. D’autres nous ont expliqué vouloir soutenir les entreprises alors qu’il y a quelques mois, lors de l’examen en commission puis en première lecture du projet de loi de finances présenté par le gouvernement Barnier, ils votaient pour toutes les hausses de taxes. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.) Enfin, ils n’ont plus à la bouche que le mot de science, alors que la science a démontré l’urgence d’agir en faveur de l’environnement et la réalité d’un réchauffement climatique que l’extrême droite s’obstine à nier (Mêmes mouvements), fascinée par un Donald Trump qui sort de l’accord de Paris et attaque violemment les militants écologistes ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642068",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642068"
   ],
   "order": 921,
   "text": "Plutôt que de tomber dans l’anathème, je m’efforcerai de recentrer le débat et même d’y introduire un peu de philosophie : le doute cartésien nous aidera à aller le plus loin possible. Voici le texte de l’article 2 bis : « Les agences régionales de santé rendent publics le programme des analyses des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées dans les eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, notamment les eaux conditionnées en bouteille, ainsi que les résultats de ce programme sous la forme d’un bilan annuel régional. À partir de ces résultats, le ministre chargé de la santé publie chaque année un bilan national de la qualité de l’eau au robinet du consommateur en France au regard des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées. »Savez-vous que, selon une étude publiée en 2020 par l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, la principale source d’exposition, en tout cas alimentaire, aux Pfas ne serait pas l’eau du robinet, mais…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 921,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642068",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 152,
   "annotation_id": "N67e162c75dbf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Plutôt que de tomber dans l’anathème, je m’efforcerai de recentrer le débat et même d’y introduire un peu de philosophie : le doute cartésien nous aidera à aller le plus loin possible. Voici le texte de l’article 2 bis : « Les agences régionales de santé rendent publics le programme des analyses des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées dans les eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, notamment les eaux conditionnées en bouteille, ainsi que les résultats de ce programme sous la forme d’un bilan annuel régional. À partir de ces résultats, le ministre chargé de la santé publie chaque année un bilan national de la qualité de l’eau au robinet du consommateur en France au regard des substances perfluoroalkylées et polyfluoroalkylées. »Savez-vous que, selon une étude publiée en 2020 par l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, la principale source d’exposition, en tout cas alimentaire, aux Pfas ne serait pas l’eau du robinet, mais…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642072",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642072"
   ],
   "order": 926,
   "text": "Si nous étudions l’eau du robinet et négligeons l’eau de mer, les objectifs ne seront pas atteints : quoique utile, l’article passe un peu à côté du problème. Que prévoyez-vous, madame la ministre, pour mesurer les Pfas dans le milieu marin ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 926,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642072",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "N0601555aa5cc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si nous étudions l’eau du robinet et négligeons l’eau de mer, les objectifs ne seront pas atteints : quoique utile, l’article passe un peu à côté du problème. Que prévoyez-vous, madame la ministre, pour mesurer les Pfas dans le milieu marin ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795778",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Tanguy",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Tanguy",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642074",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642074"
   ],
   "order": 928,
   "text": "Nous, collègues, sommes très fiers d’être les seuls qui persistent à dire la vérité ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS. – Mme Ségolène Amiot fait signe à l’orateur de se taire.) Étant député, non psychiatre, je ne perdrai pas de temps à essayer de traiter votre mythomanie pathologique ; du reste, je ne suis pas non plus curé défroqué pour en être réduit à une morale gauchisante.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 928,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642074",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 72,
   "annotation_id": "N0214892becb9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous, collègues, sommes très fiers d’être les seuls qui persistent à dire la vérité ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] fait signe à l’orateur de se taire.) Étant député, non psychiatre, je ne perdrai pas de temps à essayer de traiter votre mythomanie pathologique ; du reste, je ne suis pas non plus curé défroqué pour en être réduit à une morale gauchisante."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795778",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Tanguy",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Tanguy",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642171",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642171"
   ],
   "order": 930,
   "text": "Tout à l’heure encore, vous serez heureux de retrouver à la buvette vos pseudo-adversaires : « Tu as vu, cher collègue de gauche, nous étions d’accord avec toi pour fermer les usines, taper sur les ouvriers, dénoncer le Rassemblement national, qui est tellement méchant ! » (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Vous êtes, vous, tellement gentils avec la Chine, avec Trump, avec tous nos adversaires, que vous encouragez à produire ce que nous ne pourrons plus produire en France ! (Mêmes mouvements.)C’est pourquoi je le redis : au Rassemblement national, nous sommes fiers de ce que nous sommes. La vérité transparaît dans les urnes ! (Exclamations vives et continues sur les bancs des groupes EPR, LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.) Nous sommes les élus des ouvriers, dont 60 % ont voté pour nous, des entrepreneurs, des agriculteurs, de ceux qui font la richesse de la France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.) Les Français demandent désespérément qu’on les laisse travailler, produire, empêcher le pays de sombrer !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 930,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642171",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 171,
   "annotation_id": "N323eba054576",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Tout à l’heure encore, vous serez heureux de retrouver à la buvette vos pseudo-adversaires : « Tu as vu, cher collègue de gauche, nous étions d’accord avec toi pour fermer les usines, taper sur les ouvriers, dénoncer le [GROUPE], qui est tellement méchant ! » (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Vous êtes, vous, tellement gentils avec la Chine, avec Trump, avec tous nos adversaires, que vous encouragez à produire ce que nous ne pourrons plus produire en France ! (Mêmes mouvements.)C’est pourquoi je le redis : au [GROUPE], nous sommes fiers de ce que nous sommes. La vérité transparaît dans les urnes ! (Exclamations vives et continues sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Nous sommes les élus des ouvriers, dont 60 % ont voté pour nous, des entrepreneurs, des agriculteurs, de ceux qui font la richesse de la France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Les Français demandent désespérément qu’on les laisse travailler, produire, empêcher le pays de sombrer !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795778",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Tanguy",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Tanguy",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642077",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642077"
   ],
   "order": 933,
   "text": "Une fois encore, la coalition de ceux qui ont ruiné la France signifie à ses habitants qu’elle ne veut pas qu’ils soient des travailleurs, mais des assistés. Jusqu’au bout, le Rassemblement national sera du côté de la vérité, du côté du travail ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 933,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642077",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "Ne760bc44ebfe",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Une fois encore, la coalition de ceux qui ont ruiné la France signifie à ses habitants qu’elle ne veut pas qu’ils soient des travailleurs, mais des assistés. Jusqu’au bout, le [GROUPE] sera du côté de la vérité, du côté du travail ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642079",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642079"
   ],
   "order": 935,
   "text": "Il faut reconnaître que ce sera dur de passer après notre collègue ! (Sourires.) L’article vise en quelque sorte à cartographier les nuisances causées par les Pfas. Nous préférerions commencer par établir une échelle de leur nocivité, afin de remédier aux peurs que nous suscitons nous-mêmes chez nos administrés en leur laissant entendre qu’ils vont mourir s’ils touchent à la moindre molécule de ce genre, alors même que, comme cela a été dit, certaines ne sont nullement toxiques, au point de se retrouver dans des valves cardiaques, des stents et autres prothèses. En outre, puisque tout le monde sauf nous est d’accord pour instaurer une taxe, ajustons du moins celle-ci en fonction de la dangerosité des produits !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Article 2 bis / ",
   "article": "Article 2 bis",
   "article_id": "3642059",
   "amendment": "36",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 929)",
   "last_order": 935,
   "amendments": [
    "36"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3642079",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 118,
   "annotation_id": "N402c728df830",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut reconnaître que ce sera dur de passer après notre collègue ! (Sourires.) L’article vise en quelque sorte à cartographier les nuisances causées par les Pfas. Nous préférerions commencer par établir une échelle de leur nocivité, afin de remédier aux peurs que nous suscitons nous-mêmes chez nos administrés en leur laissant entendre qu’ils vont mourir s’ils touchent à la moindre molécule de ce genre, alors même que, comme cela a été dit, certaines ne sont nullement toxiques, au point de se retrouver dans des valves cardiaques, des stents et autres prothèses. En outre, puisque tout le monde sauf nous est d’accord pour instaurer une taxe, ajustons du moins celle-ci en fonction de la dangerosité des produits !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640345",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640345"
   ],
   "order": 950,
   "text": "Il se fonde également sur l’article 100.Monsieur le président, nous avons été obligés de hurler pour vous faire comprendre que M. Meurin voulait s’exprimer (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR) : il souhaitait des explications quant aux avis donnés sur l’amendement no 36.Nous demandons une suspension de séance de cinq minutes.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Article 1er (suite) / Rappel au règlement",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 950,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640345",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 56,
   "annotation_id": "N4fab5cbef21b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il se fonde également sur l’article 100.Monsieur le président, nous avons été obligés de hurler pour vous faire comprendre que M. Meurin voulait s’exprimer (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]) : il souhaitait des explications quant aux avis donnés sur l’amendement no 36.Nous demandons une suspension de séance de cinq minutes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720334",
   "speaker": "Jimmy Pahun",
   "quality": "M. Jimmy Pahun (Dem)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640351",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640351"
   ],
   "order": 957,
   "text": "Rappelons que la lutte contre les polluants éternels – expression qui n’a d’ailleurs pas beaucoup été utilisée ce matin – était au cœur du premier texte examiné lors de la première niche parlementaire de la XVIe législature, le 6 octobre 2022. Je remercie tous ceux qui ont continué à porter ce combat, que ce soit Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, à qui le gouvernement a confié une mission sur les Pfas et qui a produit un rapport important sur le sujet, ou David Taupiac, à l’origine d’une proposition de loi visant à limiter la contamination par les Pfas.Je salue bien sûr votre travail, monsieur le rapporteur. J’entendais ce matin à la radio que, depuis trois ans que vous travaillez sur cette question, vous êtes presque devenu monomaniaque (Sourires), et je vous en félicite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et sur de nombreux bancs des groupes EPR, LFI-NFP, SOC, Dem et GDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 957,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640351",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 150,
   "annotation_id": "N273510b80da9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Rappelons que la lutte contre les polluants éternels – expression qui n’a d’ailleurs pas beaucoup été utilisée ce matin – était au cœur du premier texte examiné lors de la première niche parlementaire de la XVIe législature, le 6 octobre 2022. Je remercie tous ceux qui ont continué à porter ce combat, que ce soit [PERSONNE], à qui le gouvernement a confié une mission sur les Pfas et qui a produit un rapport important sur le sujet, ou [PERSONNE], à l’origine d’une proposition de loi visant à limiter la contamination par les Pfas.Je salue bien sûr votre travail, monsieur le rapporteur. J’entendais ce matin à la radio que, depuis trois ans que vous travaillez sur cette question, vous êtes presque devenu monomaniaque (Sourires), et je vous en félicite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur de nombreux bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720334",
   "speaker": "Jimmy Pahun",
   "quality": "M. Jimmy Pahun",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640354",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640354"
   ],
   "order": 960,
   "text": "La proposition de loi que je viens d’évoquer, visant à lutter contre les plastiques dangereux pour l’environnement et la santé, comportait notamment un article sur la traçabilité des emballages en carton plastique. Ne pourrait-on pas le reprendre, tout comme celui sur la surveillance des déchets plastiques qui se retrouvent dans les parcs naturels et les parcs régionaux ?Nous avons peut-être là, madame la ministre, des éléments à apporter en vue de la prochaine Conférence des Nations unies sur l’océan (Unoc), qui se tiendra en juin prochain. Car nous savons pertinemment que les polluants éternels finissent dans l’océan. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et EPR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 960,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640354",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 106,
   "annotation_id": "Ne44a9888580a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition de loi que je viens d’évoquer, visant à lutter contre les plastiques dangereux pour l’environnement et la santé, comportait notamment un article sur la traçabilité des emballages en carton plastique. Ne pourrait-on pas le reprendre, tout comme celui sur la surveillance des déchets plastiques qui se retrouvent dans les parcs naturels et les parcs régionaux ?Nous avons peut-être là, madame la ministre, des éléments à apporter en vue de la prochaine Conférence des Nations unies sur l’océan (Unoc), qui se tiendra en juin prochain. Car nous savons pertinemment que les polluants éternels finissent dans l’océan. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640358",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640358"
   ],
   "order": 965,
   "text": "…nous avons abordé des questions importantes. Néanmoins, nous restons sur notre faim. En ce qui concerne les contrôles aux frontières, vous ne nous avez pas du tout rassurés, madame la ministre ! Comme l’expliquait M. Lescure lorsqu’il était ministre chargé de l’industrie, même si le contrôle est inscrit dans la loi, il est impossible à réaliser sur des containers en provenance d’Asie qui arrivent au Havre, à Marseille, voire à Rotterdam. Nous ne sommes déjà pas capables de trouver des tonnes de cocaïne dissimulées dans des containers, comment pourrions-nous déceler des nanogrammes de Pfas ? C’est impossible !Vous estimez que nous ne défendons pas la santé des Français.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 965,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640358",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N346bb305753c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…nous avons abordé des questions importantes. Néanmoins, nous restons sur notre faim. En ce qui concerne les contrôles aux frontières, vous ne nous avez pas du tout rassurés, madame la ministre ! Comme l’expliquait M. Lescure lorsqu’il était ministre chargé de l’industrie, même si le contrôle est inscrit dans la loi, il est impossible à réaliser sur des containers en provenance d’Asie qui arrivent au Havre, à Marseille, voire à Rotterdam. Nous ne sommes déjà pas capables de trouver des tonnes de cocaïne dissimulées dans des containers, comment pourrions-nous déceler des nanogrammes de Pfas ? C’est impossible !Vous estimez que nous ne défendons pas la santé des Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640365",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640365"
   ],
   "order": 971,
   "text": "…à nous préoccuper de leur santé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.) Car si nous autorisons l’importation de produits étrangers contenant des Pfas ou de mauvaise qualité, nous mettrons en danger la santé des Français. Nous nous préoccupons de cette question et nous sommes bien les seuls ici, malheureusement ! (« Eh oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)C’est précisément en raison de l’impossibilité d’effectuer des contrôles que nous luttons en faveur d’une réindustrialisation de notre pays – et nous sommes, là encore, bien seuls. Nous avons inscrit ce sujet au cœur de notre programme et avons obtenu, grâce à notre collègue Alexandre Loubet, la création d’une commission d’enquête visant à établir les freins à la réindustrialisation de la France.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 971,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640365",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "Nef7648e715d4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…à nous préoccuper de leur santé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Car si nous autorisons l’importation de produits étrangers contenant des Pfas ou de mauvaise qualité, nous mettrons en danger la santé des Français. Nous nous préoccupons de cette question et nous sommes bien les seuls ici, malheureusement ! (« Eh oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)C’est précisément en raison de l’impossibilité d’effectuer des contrôles que nous luttons en faveur d’une réindustrialisation de notre pays – et nous sommes, là encore, bien seuls. Nous avons inscrit ce sujet au cœur de notre programme et avons obtenu, grâce à notre collègue [PERSONNE], la création d’une commission d’enquête visant à établir les freins à la réindustrialisation de la France."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794954",
   "speaker": "Emeric Salmon",
   "quality": "M. Emeric Salmon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640368",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640368"
   ],
   "order": 974,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’un sujet primordial. Arrêtons de mettre des bâtons dans les roues des industriels par ce type de réglementation ! Prétendre promouvoir ainsi la réindustrialisation de la France n’est pas acceptable.Ensuite, cette proposition de loi ne présente aucun caractère scientifique. Comme l’a rappelé mon collègue Pierre Meurin, toutes les données qui y figurent en matière d’indices ou de montants relèvent du pifomètre. Par un amendement de notre collègue Frédéric-Pierre Vos, nous avons voulu renforcer le caractère scientifique du texte pour tenir compte de la valeur toxicologique des Pfas. Malheureusement, cet amendement a été jugé irrecevable.Enfin, permettez-moi d’aborder un dernier point important, que vous ne cachez même pas, monsieur le rapporteur, puisque vous avez déclaré dans la presse et sur différents médias que ce texte constituait une première étape – je vous reconnais au moins cette honnêteté. Vous voulez fixer un premier cran, pour ne plus revenir en arrière. Je regrette la naïveté du bloc central, qui ne comprend pas que nous ne pourrons plus revenir en arrière une fois cette première étape franchie. (M. Mathieu Lefèvre s’exclame.) Le palier suivant consistera à interdire tous les Pfas de façon globale, quelle que soit leur dangerosité. Or c’est précisément ce que nous déplorons. Certes, certaines substances sont dangereuses et il importe d’en connaître la valeur toxicologique. Néanmoins, il existe aussi des Pfas inoffensifs et utiles. Par conséquent, ce premier cran que vous souhaitez instaurer – et je vous rends grâce de le reconnaître bien volontiers – est, à nos yeux, dangereux et inacceptable.Pour toutes ces raisons, vous l’aurez compris, notre groupe votera contre cette proposition de loi, afin notamment de protéger la santé des Français, ne vous en déplaise, madame la ministre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN et sur quelques bancs du groupe UDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 974,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640368",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 296,
   "annotation_id": "N04f8a86ead8d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’un sujet primordial. Arrêtons de mettre des bâtons dans les roues des industriels par ce type de réglementation ! Prétendre promouvoir ainsi la réindustrialisation de la France n’est pas acceptable.Ensuite, cette proposition de loi ne présente aucun caractère scientifique. Comme l’a rappelé mon collègue [PERSONNE], toutes les données qui y figurent en matière d’indices ou de montants relèvent du pifomètre. Par un amendement de notre collègue [PERSONNE], nous avons voulu renforcer le caractère scientifique du texte pour tenir compte de la valeur toxicologique des Pfas. Malheureusement, cet amendement a été jugé irrecevable.Enfin, permettez-moi d’aborder un dernier point important, que vous ne cachez même pas, monsieur le rapporteur, puisque vous avez déclaré dans la presse et sur différents médias que ce texte constituait une première étape – je vous reconnais au moins cette honnêteté. Vous voulez fixer un premier cran, pour ne plus revenir en arrière. Je regrette la naïveté du bloc central, qui ne comprend pas que nous ne pourrons plus revenir en arrière une fois cette première étape franchie. (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.) Le palier suivant consistera à interdire tous les Pfas de façon globale, quelle que soit leur dangerosité. Or c’est précisément ce que nous déplorons. Certes, certaines substances sont dangereuses et il importe d’en connaître la valeur toxicologique. Néanmoins, il existe aussi des Pfas inoffensifs et utiles. Par conséquent, ce premier cran que vous souhaitez instaurer – et je vous rends grâce de le reconnaître bien volontiers – est, à nos yeux, dangereux et inacceptable.Pour toutes ces raisons, vous l’aurez compris, notre groupe votera contre cette proposition de loi, afin notamment de protéger la santé des Français, ne vous en déplaise, madame la ministre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794982",
   "speaker": "Julie Delpech",
   "quality": "Mme Julie Delpech (EPR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640374"
   ],
   "order": 980,
   "text": "Nous arrivons au terme de l’examen de ce texte, qui n’a pas été modifié mais qui a fait l’objet d’un large débat, permettant d’obtenir des informations importantes de la part du gouvernement. Je tiens à remercier Mme la ministre pour son engagement sur la question des Pfas. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)Les équilibres trouvés sont engageants pour les industriels qui utilisent encore ces substances. Ils contraindront ces derniers à se doter d’outils de contrôle de leur production et de leurs rejets, afin de les endiguer. L’instauration d’un principe de pollueur-payeur, sur le modèle de la responsabilité élargie des producteurs (REP), était nécessaire et nous nous réjouissons du travail entrepris avec le Sénat pour parvenir à ces conclusions. Ce texte permettra ainsi de commencer à réduire les rejets nocifs.C’est pourquoi nous appelons à le voter et à poursuivre le combat porté par le rapporteur Nicolas Thierry, que nous saluons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 980,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640374",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 167,
   "annotation_id": "Nc8e40cc4252b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous arrivons au terme de l’examen de ce texte, qui n’a pas été modifié mais qui a fait l’objet d’un large débat, permettant d’obtenir des informations importantes de la part du gouvernement. Je tiens à remercier Mme la ministre pour son engagement sur la question des Pfas. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Les équilibres trouvés sont engageants pour les industriels qui utilisent encore ces substances. Ils contraindront ces derniers à se doter d’outils de contrôle de leur production et de leurs rejets, afin de les endiguer. L’instauration d’un principe de pollueur-payeur, sur le modèle de la responsabilité élargie des producteurs (REP), était nécessaire et nous nous réjouissons du travail entrepris avec le Sénat pour parvenir à ces conclusions. Ce texte permettra ainsi de commencer à réduire les rejets nocifs.C’est pourquoi nous appelons à le voter et à poursuivre le combat porté par le rapporteur [PERSONNE], que nous saluons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640378",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640378"
   ],
   "order": 984,
   "text": "Le groupe Horizons & indépendants salue l’accord équilibré trouvé entre l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat, qui témoigne d’un engagement partagé face à un enjeu majeur de santé publique et environnementale. Nous devons nous réjouir de ce texte qui permet d’intervenir sans délai, lorsque des solutions alternatives existent déjà, afin de mieux protéger la santé de tous. Cessons d’opposer environnement et compétitivité industrielle, préservation de nos ressources et préservation de notre patrimoine. C’est tout le contraire, vous l’avez bien compris, au travers de ce texte !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 984,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640378",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "Nf976260c5c7a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] salue l’accord équilibré trouvé entre l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat, qui témoigne d’un engagement partagé face à un enjeu majeur de santé publique et environnementale. Nous devons nous réjouir de ce texte qui permet d’intervenir sans délai, lorsque des solutions alternatives existent déjà, afin de mieux protéger la santé de tous. Cessons d’opposer environnement et compétitivité industrielle, préservation de nos ressources et préservation de notre patrimoine. C’est tout le contraire, vous l’avez bien compris, au travers de ce texte !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640380",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640380"
   ],
   "order": 986,
   "text": "Il envoie également un signal fort à nos partenaires européens quant à notre volontarisme : non seulement la sortie des Pfas est nécessaire, mais elle est réalisable. Convaincus qu’il apporte une réponse adaptée pour réduire les sources d’exposition et les risques sanitaires liés aux Pfas, nous voterons en sa faveur.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 986,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640380",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "N6d21cd7e19b4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il envoie également un signal fort à nos partenaires européens quant à notre volontarisme : non seulement la sortie des Pfas est nécessaire, mais elle est réalisable. Convaincus qu’il apporte une réponse adaptée pour réduire les sources d’exposition et les risques sanitaires liés aux Pfas, nous voterons en sa faveur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330909",
   "speaker": "Vincent Descoeur",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Descoeur (DR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640386"
   ],
   "order": 992,
   "text": "Je serai très bref, car j’ai déjà eu l’occasion de m’exprimer. Parce qu’il s’agit d’une question de santé publique que nous aurions tort de minimiser, parce que nous ne pouvons rester sourds aux préoccupations légitimes de nos concitoyens – que nous avons peut-être oubliées, au cours de nos débats, et qu’ils expriment de manière régulière –, parce qu’il est urgent d’agir et de limiter les rejets de Pfas dans notre environnement, en particulier dans l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 992,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640386",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 80,
   "annotation_id": "N532027efd5d4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je serai très bref, car j’ai déjà eu l’occasion de m’exprimer. Parce qu’il s’agit d’une question de santé publique que nous aurions tort de minimiser, parce que nous ne pouvons rester sourds aux préoccupations légitimes de nos concitoyens – que nous avons peut-être oubliées, au cours de nos débats, et qu’ils expriment de manière régulière –, parce qu’il est urgent d’agir et de limiter les rejets de Pfas dans notre environnement, en particulier dans l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA330909",
   "speaker": "Vincent Descoeur",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Descoeur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640388",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640388"
   ],
   "order": 994,
   "text": "…et parce que nous avons l’obligation de ne pas rester inactifs et passifs, notre groupe votera à une large majorité en faveur de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 994,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640388",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N1c65d0de331c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et parce que nous avons l’obligation de ne pas rester inactifs et passifs, notre groupe votera à une large majorité en faveur de ce texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640395",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640395"
   ],
   "order": 1001,
   "text": "Permettez-moi quelques mots pour conclure. Je remercie les députés de tous les bancs qui ont soutenu cette proposition de loi. Son adoption est le fruit de deux ans et demi d’un travail sans relâche, durant lesquels nous avons dû surmonter de nombreux obstacles, affronter des résistances et des arguments fallacieux, construits artificiellement par certains lobbys industriels.Contre toute attente, cette victoire politique et parlementaire est devenue une réalité. C’est avant tout grâce à la volonté sans faille de la communauté scientifique et de chercheurs tels que Pierre Labadie (Applaudissements continus sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR), d’ONG telles que Générations futures, Notre affaire à tous ou la Ligue contre le cancer, de syndicats tels que la CGT, d’activistes comme Camille Étienne, qui se trouve avec nous aujourd’hui, et d’élus qui ont travaillé dans un objectif commun.Je n’oublie pas non plus le travail des journalistes d’investigation,…",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1001,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640395",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 148,
   "annotation_id": "Nb5f8a5b4025f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi quelques mots pour conclure. Je remercie les députés de tous les bancs qui ont soutenu cette proposition de loi. Son adoption est le fruit de deux ans et demi d’un travail sans relâche, durant lesquels nous avons dû surmonter de nombreux obstacles, affronter des résistances et des arguments fallacieux, construits artificiellement par certains lobbys industriels.Contre toute attente, cette victoire politique et parlementaire est devenue une réalité. C’est avant tout grâce à la volonté sans faille de la communauté scientifique et de chercheurs tels que Pierre Labadie (Applaudissements continus sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]), d’ONG telles que Générations futures, Notre affaire à tous ou la Ligue contre le cancer, de syndicats tels que la CGT, d’activistes comme Camille Étienne, qui se trouve avec nous aujourd’hui, et d’élus qui ont travaillé dans un objectif commun.Je n’oublie pas non plus le travail des journalistes d’investigation,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110",
   "date": "2025-02-20",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29064",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 20 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110.xml",
   "source_sha256": "b3e97973c00b9ac1b0f63e1fe3a67040fc35fef545e33b9397dc527b1a809ddf",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3640399"
   ],
   "order": 1005,
   "text": "…qui ont joué un rôle déterminant dans la prise de conscience collective de l’extrême danger que représentent les polluants éternels. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR.)Permettez-moi également de saluer ma formidable équipe parlementaire : (« Ah ! » et applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS) Anne-Sophie Lahaye, Auriane Peinaud et Jérôme Moisset, qui ont, comme moi, consacré deux ans de leur vie à ce travail – qu’ils aient conscience du rôle fondamental qu’ils ont joué.Enfin, je me tourne vers mon groupe politique, le groupe Écologiste et social, qui a fait le choix, deux années de suite, de placer les polluants éternels en priorité dans sa niche parlementaire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR.) C’est bien leur soutien sans faille, ainsi que celui du groupe écologiste du Sénat, qui ont permis de rendre possible cette première victoire contre l’un des plus grands scandales sanitaires du XXIe siècle. (Mêmes mouvements.)En remportant cette victoire, nous venons de briser un silence. Derrière l’explosion de la courbe des maladies chroniques et des cancers, ce sont des vies et des familles qui sont en jeu et qui, en plus de souffrir dans leur chair, subissent le déni collectif autour de la contamination de notre environnement. Pour elles, nous devons continuer le combat. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas",
   "section": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux Pfas / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (suite)",
   "article_id": "3640409",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1005,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N110-3640399",
   "case": "pfas",
   "words": 228,
   "annotation_id": "N0cc2d1e1b07f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…qui ont joué un rôle déterminant dans la prise de conscience collective de l’extrême danger que représentent les polluants éternels. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Permettez-moi également de saluer ma formidable équipe parlementaire : (« Ah ! » et applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) Anne-Sophie Lahaye, Auriane Peinaud et Jérôme Moisset, qui ont, comme moi, consacré deux ans de leur vie à ce travail – qu’ils aient conscience du rôle fondamental qu’ils ont joué.Enfin, je me tourne vers mon groupe politique, le groupe [GROUPE], qui a fait le choix, deux années de suite, de placer les polluants éternels en priorité dans sa niche parlementaire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) C’est bien leur soutien sans faille, ainsi que celui du groupe [GROUPE] du Sénat, qui ont permis de rendre possible cette première victoire contre l’un des plus grands scandales sanitaires du XXIe siècle. (Mêmes mouvements.)En remportant cette victoire, nous venons de briser un silence. Derrière l’explosion de la courbe des maladies chroniques et des cancers, ce sont des vies et des familles qui sont en jeu et qui, en plus de souffrir dans leur chair, subissent le déni collectif autour de la contamination de notre environnement. Pour elles, nous devons continuer le combat. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30024",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080.xml",
   "source_sha256": "df57d6dff2b0eebe9020e96418c97a05a2ad9c289fa68b4e415f954a98505d09",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080-3956488",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3956488"
   ],
   "order": 289,
   "text": "Quel député n’a jamais écrit à un ministre pour lui demander de débloquer des crédits pour un Ehpad ou un hôpital de sa circonscription ? Eh bien, cela ne sera plus possible. Je vous renvoie à ces lignes que vous n’avez pas lues à la représentation nationale : « Pour les tarifs hospitaliers, à défaut d’Ondam adopté par le Parlement […], le maintien de ceux de l’année 2025 […] s’imposerait ». Vous expliquerez aux directeurs d’hôpital qu’ils auront moins de recettes. Comment feront-ils pour rémunérer les soignants, pour prendre en charge les patients ? Nous avons bien compris que vous n’en aviez rien à faire ! (M. Jean-Philippe Tanguy s’exclame.)Je continue. Je vous ai connu plus précis, mais vous voilà pris en flagrant délit : en bas de la page 3, il est indiqué qu’en l’absence de pilotage par une loi de financement, seule une part limitée des mesures d’économie envisagées, à hauteur d’environ 5 milliards d’euros, pourrait être prise. Vous laisseriez alors dériver les comptes jusqu’à 30 milliards de déficit. Après les 34 milliards de hausses d’impôt que vous avez votées, c’est bien assez pour instruire votre procès en irresponsabilité ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et EPR. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 16",
   "article": "Article 16",
   "article_id": "3956252",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 289,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080-3956488",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 209,
   "annotation_id": "N54379eff5375",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Quel député n’a jamais écrit à un ministre pour lui demander de débloquer des crédits pour un Ehpad ou un hôpital de sa circonscription ? Eh bien, cela ne sera plus possible. Je vous renvoie à ces lignes que vous n’avez pas lues à la représentation nationale : « Pour les tarifs hospitaliers, à défaut d’Ondam adopté par le Parlement […], le maintien de ceux de l’année 2025 […] s’imposerait ». Vous expliquerez aux directeurs d’hôpital qu’ils auront moins de recettes. Comment feront-ils pour rémunérer les soignants, pour prendre en charge les patients ? Nous avons bien compris que vous n’en aviez rien à faire ! (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)Je continue. Je vous ai connu plus précis, mais vous voilà pris en flagrant délit : en bas de la page 3, il est indiqué qu’en l’absence de pilotage par une loi de financement, seule une part limitée des mesures d’économie envisagées, à hauteur d’environ 5 milliards d’euros, pourrait être prise. Vous laisseriez alors dériver les comptes jusqu’à 30 milliards de déficit. Après les 34 milliards de hausses d’impôt que vous avez votées, c’est bien assez pour instruire votre procès en irresponsabilité ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30024",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080.xml",
   "source_sha256": "df57d6dff2b0eebe9020e96418c97a05a2ad9c289fa68b4e415f954a98505d09",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080-3956175",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3956175"
   ],
   "order": 674,
   "text": "C’est quand même fou ! Faire la poche des retraités, c’est oui. S’attaquer aux arrêts de travail, c’est oui. Demander à tous nos concitoyens de payer des franchises quand ils ont la grippe, c’est oui. Mais s’attaquer à l’épargne des plus riches (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe DR),…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite) /  / Suspension et reprise de la séance",
   "article": "Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite)",
   "article_id": "3957042",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 674,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N080-3956175",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "Ndee44126f572",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est quand même fou ! Faire la poche des retraités, c’est oui. S’attaquer aux arrêts de travail, c’est oui. Demander à tous nos concitoyens de payer des franchises quand ils ont la grippe, c’est oui. Mais s’attaquer à l’épargne des plus riches (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe DR),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035",
   "date": "2024-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28622",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 05 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035.xml",
   "source_sha256": "43a6cda4df1247ed1a54ff356ff2f23e143981625361c2849aba659442de8bd1",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035-3553669",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3553669"
   ],
   "order": 534,
   "text": "Il tend à annualiser les examens bucco-dentaires et à modifier les conditions de prise en charge de ces examens et des soins consécutifs.Dans le cadre du virage préventif de la santé bucco-dentaire – prévention essentielle –, nous proposons que devienne annuelle la périodicité des examens de prévention bucco-dentaires, dont les jeunes âgés de 3 à 24 ans bénéficient pour l’heure tous les trois ans. Les investissements réalisés par l’assurance maladie en matière de prévention doivent être dirigés en priorité vers les jeunes générations. Quant à l’annualisation, elle correspond aux engagements pris par le Gouvernement et l’assurance maladie lors de la dernière négociation conventionnelle avec les chirurgiens-dentistes.Ces examens de prévention sont très importants car ils permettent d’éviter des dégradations de la santé bucco-dentaire, impliquant parfois de devoir recourir à des prothèses dentaires. Ils offrent une surveillance sur le plan infectieux, les infections dentaires pouvant dégénérer. Notre ambition est aussi de parvenir à une génération sans carie. Nous parlions hier de sodas, de boissons sucrés et autres sucres délétères pour la dentition – ce sont des préoccupations essentielles.Cette nouvelle périodicité s’accompagne d’une évolution des conditions de prise en charge des examens, afin que les organismes complémentaires puissent s’impliquer dans la prévention. La prise en charge du ticket modérateur devra être inscrite dans les garanties obligatoires des contrats responsables. Malgré l’évolution du financement, la dispense d’avance de frais est conservée, afin d’éviter que les personnes disposant d’une assurance maladie complémentaire renoncent à ces actes de prévention.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 17 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 17",
   "article_id": "3553567",
   "amendment": "2438",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 534,
   "amendments": [
    "2438"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035-3553669",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 243,
   "annotation_id": "Nc4471b547841",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il tend à annualiser les examens bucco-dentaires et à modifier les conditions de prise en charge de ces examens et des soins consécutifs.Dans le cadre du virage préventif de la santé bucco-dentaire – prévention essentielle –, nous proposons que devienne annuelle la périodicité des examens de prévention bucco-dentaires, dont les jeunes âgés de 3 à 24 ans bénéficient pour l’heure tous les trois ans. Les investissements réalisés par l’assurance maladie en matière de prévention doivent être dirigés en priorité vers les jeunes générations. Quant à l’annualisation, elle correspond aux engagements pris par le Gouvernement et l’assurance maladie lors de la dernière négociation conventionnelle avec les chirurgiens-dentistes.Ces examens de prévention sont très importants car ils permettent d’éviter des dégradations de la santé bucco-dentaire, impliquant parfois de devoir recourir à des prothèses dentaires. Ils offrent une surveillance sur le plan infectieux, les infections dentaires pouvant dégénérer. Notre ambition est aussi de parvenir à une génération sans carie. Nous parlions hier de sodas, de boissons sucrés et autres sucres délétères pour la dentition – ce sont des préoccupations essentielles.Cette nouvelle périodicité s’accompagne d’une évolution des conditions de prise en charge des examens, afin que les organismes complémentaires puissent s’impliquer dans la prévention. La prise en charge du ticket modérateur devra être inscrite dans les garanties obligatoires des contrats responsables. Malgré l’évolution du financement, la dispense d’avance de frais est conservée, afin d’éviter que les personnes disposant d’une assurance maladie complémentaire renoncent à ces actes de prévention."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035",
   "date": "2024-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28622",
   "title": "Première séance du mardi 05 novembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035.xml",
   "source_sha256": "43a6cda4df1247ed1a54ff356ff2f23e143981625361c2849aba659442de8bd1",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035-3553674",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3553674"
   ],
   "order": 539,
   "text": "Ce sujet a valeur d’exemple, et ce pour plusieurs raisons. Les dents sont un très bon indicateur de l’état de santé général. En examinant les dents, le praticien peut évaluer la littératie en santé, c’est-à-dire la connaissance et la maîtrise des bons comportements en matière de santé. Parmi toutes les expérimentations de prévention menées ces dernières années, le programme M’T Dents s’est distingué. Jusqu’à présent, le bilan était prévu tous les trois ans ; il faut qu’il soit plus régulier et intervienne tous les ans. Ce programme permet de toucher les publics les plus fragiles, de manière régulière, afin d’améliorer les comportements en matière de santé.Le sujet est aussi exemplaire car nous proposons d’impliquer davantage les complémentaires santé dans la prévention, comme elles en ont fait la demande – le dispositif est pour l’instant pris en charge à 100 % par l’assurance maladie.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Troisième partie (suite) / Après l’article 17 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 17",
   "article_id": "3553567",
   "amendment": "2445",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 539,
   "amendments": [
    "2445"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N035-3553674",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 143,
   "annotation_id": "Nc64a807de38d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce sujet a valeur d’exemple, et ce pour plusieurs raisons. Les dents sont un très bon indicateur de l’état de santé général. En examinant les dents, le praticien peut évaluer la littératie en santé, c’est-à-dire la connaissance et la maîtrise des bons comportements en matière de santé. Parmi toutes les expérimentations de prévention menées ces dernières années, le programme M’T Dents s’est distingué. Jusqu’à présent, le bilan était prévu tous les trois ans ; il faut qu’il soit plus régulier et intervienne tous les ans. Ce programme permet de toucher les publics les plus fragiles, de manière régulière, afin d’améliorer les comportements en matière de santé.Le sujet est aussi exemplaire car nous proposons d’impliquer davantage les complémentaires santé dans la prévention, comme elles en ont fait la demande – le dispositif est pour l’instant pris en charge à 100 % par l’assurance maladie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28620",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ce042a62263a6c75687a57796427445763476e14ab03bd832acfeaac6acf89f3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA408578",
   "speaker": "Jean-Didier Berger",
   "quality": "rapporteur pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3539373",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 333,
   "text": "Il nous faut donc faire des efforts, c’est pourquoi je souscris à l’objectif de 15 milliards d’économies. Toutefois, je considère que deux mesures proposées à cette fin ne sont pas opportunes. La première concerne les retraites. Mettre un coup de canif dans le contrat social qui nous lie aux retraités est toujours une mauvaise idée, parce qu’il n’y a pas de croissance sans confiance et pas d’emploi sans croissance. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe DR.) Si nous voulons éviter le retour du chômage, nous ne pouvons pas prendre le risque de compromettre la consommation des foyers concernés par cette mesure.La seconde porte sur l’augmentation de 4 points – de 31 % à 35 % – du taux de cotisation patronale à la CNRACL, que les employeurs locaux et hospitaliers ne peuvent assumer. Le rapport auquel vous avez fait allusion en commission, madame la ministre du travail, va jusqu’à préconiser une hausse de 18 points – soit un taux proche de 50 % –, qui serait tout à fait insoutenable pour les collectivités locales et aurait un effet dramatique sur l’emploi et l’investissement local.Ce projet de loi intègre des mesures de maîtrise de dépenses qui vont dans la bonne direction : l’Ondam ne baisse pas mais son augmentation décélère, notamment dans les secteurs de l’imagerie, de la biologie et du transport sanitaire. D’autres mesures doivent en revanche être renforcées, notamment en matière de délai de carence et s’agissant de la branche famille, dont je rappelle que la Cour des comptes a refusé de certifier les comptes au titre de l’exercice 2023 – c’est dire les progrès qu’il reste à faire en la matière. Enfin, un pays qui ne maîtrise pas ses comptes sociaux ne peut se permettre un tel niveau de bureaucratie. Il faut prendre des mesures pour y mettre un terme le plus rapidement possible. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)Parce qu’il va dans la bonne direction et qu’il comprend des marges d’amélioration que nous saurons saisir ensemble, j’appelle évidemment à voter en faveur de ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR. – M. Bertrand Bouyx applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 333,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3539373",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 362,
   "annotation_id": "N1cccbe5abd59",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il nous faut donc faire des efforts, c’est pourquoi je souscris à l’objectif de 15 milliards d’économies. Toutefois, je considère que deux mesures proposées à cette fin ne sont pas opportunes. La première concerne les retraites. Mettre un coup de canif dans le contrat social qui nous lie aux retraités est toujours une mauvaise idée, parce qu’il n’y a pas de croissance sans confiance et pas d’emploi sans croissance. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe DR.) Si nous voulons éviter le retour du chômage, nous ne pouvons pas prendre le risque de compromettre la consommation des foyers concernés par cette mesure.La seconde porte sur l’augmentation de 4 points – de 31 % à 35 % – du taux de cotisation patronale à la CNRACL, que les employeurs locaux et hospitaliers ne peuvent assumer. Le rapport auquel vous avez fait allusion en commission, madame la ministre du travail, va jusqu’à préconiser une hausse de 18 points – soit un taux proche de 50 % –, qui serait tout à fait insoutenable pour les collectivités locales et aurait un effet dramatique sur l’emploi et l’investissement local.Ce projet de loi intègre des mesures de maîtrise de dépenses qui vont dans la bonne direction : l’Ondam ne baisse pas mais son augmentation décélère, notamment dans les secteurs de l’imagerie, de la biologie et du transport sanitaire. D’autres mesures doivent en revanche être renforcées, notamment en matière de délai de carence et s’agissant de la branche famille, dont je rappelle que la Cour des comptes a refusé de certifier les comptes au titre de l’exercice 2023 – c’est dire les progrès qu’il reste à faire en la matière. Enfin, un pays qui ne maîtrise pas ses comptes sociaux ne peut se permettre un tel niveau de bureaucratie. Il faut prendre des mesures pour y mettre un terme le plus rapidement possible. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR.)Parce qu’il va dans la bonne direction et qu’il comprend des marges d’amélioration que nous saurons saisir ensemble, j’appelle évidemment à voter en faveur de ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe DR. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28620",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3539378",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3539378"
   ],
   "order": 338,
   "text": "La situation est pour le moins inédite, et il faut commencer par là : pour la première fois depuis la création des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale, il y a près de trente ans, le PLFSS de l’année à venir n’a pas pu être mis aux voix en commission. L’article liminaire et la première partie ont été supprimés, avant que les deuxième et troisième parties ne soient elles aussi rejetées – à l’unanimité, qui plus est. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – MM. Hendrik Davi et Arnaud Simion applaudissent également.) L’ensemble du texte amendé par la commission a donc été rejeté, sans qu’il soit nécessaire de procéder à un vote final.Et pourtant, les presque trente-cinq heures de débat consacrés au texte et les 823 amendements examinés auront-ils été vains ? Je crois que personne dans notre commission ne le pense sincèrement. En effet, malgré ce rejet unanime du texte modifié par les amendements adoptés par la commission, l’impression partagée par beaucoup d’entre nous est, paradoxalement, celle de débats plus fructueux et d’avancées plus utiles qu’à l’accoutumée. Nous le devons d’abord à l’excellente tenue de nos discussions, tant sur la forme que sur le fond. J’en remercie sincèrement tous ceux qui y ont contribué – en premier lieu les administrateurs pour la qualité de leurs apports et de leurs analyses (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – M. Christophe Bentz et Mme Stéphanie Rist applaudissent également), mais aussi nos rapporteurs dans toute leur diversité politique à l’image de cette législature : la qualité de leur travail a été unanimement appréciée dans notre commission.Notre commission a adopté près de 200 amendements qui, s’ils ont disparu du fait du rejet global du texte amendé, n’en témoignent pas moins d’un travail respectueux des opinions de chacun. La motion de rejet préalable déposée par le groupe socialiste et que nous serons amenés à examiner dans les prochaines minutes est, à ce titre, regrettable. Bien que conforme à notre règlement, son adoption nous priverait en effet d’un débat essentiel et surtout utile pour nos dépenses sociales. Je vous encourage donc à vous y opposer, d’autant plus qu’au-delà du rejet du texte amendé – sur les raisons duquel je reviendrai plus tard –, une très grande partie de la commission a voulu porter des messages politiques très forts et souvent unanimes. C’est peut-être un péché de jeunesse – dans la fonction, s’entend –, mais j’ai le sentiment que nous avons fait œuvre utile, en avançant collectivement et en essayant de construire des voies de passage aussi consensuelles que possible sur des sujets qui ont profondément divisé cette commission par le passé. En tant que président de la commission des affaires sociales, j’éprouve donc une certaine fierté à faire état devant vous d’un certain nombre de points qui ont fait consensus entre nous.C’est le cas de l’attachement à la préservation de l’universalité du système de santé et des valeurs qui fondent la sécurité sociale. Au nom de cet attachement, nous sommes nombreux – moi le premier – à souhaiter ne pas voir prospérer l’idée d’augmenter de 10 points le ticket modérateur – véritable coup de canif à notre modèle universel (M. Sébastien Peytavie applaudit) –, même si ce sujet ne relève pas du domaine législatif.C’est également le souhait que des mesures du projet de loi fassent l’objet d’une réflexion approfondie, comme la réforme des exonérations de cotisations sociales ou la mesure générale du gel des pensions de retraite, que nous refusons.C’est encore la volonté, elle aussi très largement partagée, de renforcer la lutte contre certains fléaux sanitaires au moyen de taxes comportementales. Avec Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, que je salue pour son implication constante en la matière, j’ai moi-même fait adopter un amendement qui complète la taxe soda en proposant une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés.Fait également consensus le constat qu’avec l’Ondam, nous sommes arrivés au bout d’un mécanisme. Alors qu’il a fortement progressé ces sept dernières années – je le répète inlassablement –, passant de 190 à 250 milliards d’euros, notre système de santé semble pourtant n’avoir jamais connu autant de difficultés et essuyé autant de critiques. De plus en plus d’argent n’a cessé d’être injecté dans un système qui n’en est pas plus efficient et désespère les soignants.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 338,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3539378",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 710,
   "annotation_id": "N06099932ae9c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "nous sommes nombreux – moi le premier – à souhaiter ne pas voir prospérer l’idée d’augmenter de 10 points le ticket modérateur – véritable coup de canif à notre modèle universel (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit) –, même si ce sujet ne relève pas du domaine législatif.C’est également le souhait que des mesures du projet de loi fassent l’objet d’une réflexion approfondie, comme la réforme des exonérations de cotisations sociales ou la mesure générale du gel des pensions de retraite, que nous refusons.C’est encore la volonté, elle aussi très largement partagée, de renforcer la lutte contre certains fléaux sanitaires au moyen de taxes comportementales. Avec [PERSONNE], que je salue pour son implication constante en la matière, j’ai moi-même fait adopter un amendement qui complète la taxe soda en proposant une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés.Fait également consensus le constat qu’avec l’Ondam, nous sommes arrivés au bout d’un mécanisme. Alors qu’il a fortement progressé ces sept dernières années – je le répète inlassablement –, passant de 190 à 250 milliards d’euros, notre système de santé semble pourtant n’avoir jamais connu autant de difficultés et essuyé autant de critiques. De plus en plus d’argent n’a cessé d’être injecté dans un"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28620",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ce042a62263a6c75687a57796427445763476e14ab03bd832acfeaac6acf89f3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "président de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3539384",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3539384"
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   "order": 346,
   "text": "Sans aller jusqu’à dire que nous arrosons le désert, le système ne peut plus continuer ainsi. L’Ondam, avec sa logique d’enveloppes fermées et ses rigidités, est à la fois infantilisant et insatisfaisant. Il n’est manifestement plus adapté.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 346,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3539384",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 37,
   "annotation_id": "N495efc1f1c51",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Sans aller jusqu’à dire que nous arrosons le désert, le système ne peut plus continuer ainsi. L’Ondam, avec sa logique d’enveloppes fermées et ses rigidités, est à la fois infantilisant et insatisfaisant. Il n’est manifestement plus adapté."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28620",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ce042a62263a6c75687a57796427445763476e14ab03bd832acfeaac6acf89f3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3538883",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3538883"
   ],
   "order": 449,
   "text": "Une fois encore, vous n’avez pas compris ce qu’est la sécurité sociale. Pourtant, la sécu, c’est le fondement même de notre État social.Une fois encore, vous avez voulu transformer notre système de protection sociale en un tableur Excel fait de lignes et d’indicateurs budgétaires déconnectés des réalités des Françaises et des Français.Une fois encore, vous n’accordez aucune attention aux besoins sanitaires et sociaux. Vous n’avez pas voulu voir que les besoins en santé augmentent, du fait d’une France vieillissante, de la nécessaire prise en charge de la perte d’autonomie, des exigences relatives au bien-être de nos enfants.Le PLFSS qui a été déposé à l’Assemblée est un danger pour la santé des Françaises et des Français.Avec l’Ondam que vous proposez, le déficit des hôpitaux publics va encore se creuser, ce qui va détériorer la prise en charge des patients et les conditions de travail des soignants.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 449,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3538883",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 145,
   "annotation_id": "N25c7125c9ba5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une fois encore, vous n’avez pas compris ce qu’est la sécurité sociale. Pourtant, la sécu, c’est le fondement même de notre État social.Une fois encore, vous avez voulu transformer notre système de protection sociale en un tableur Excel fait de lignes et d’indicateurs budgétaires déconnectés des réalités des Françaises et des Français.Une fois encore, vous n’accordez aucune attention aux besoins sanitaires et sociaux. Vous n’avez pas voulu voir que les besoins en santé augmentent, du fait d’une France vieillissante, de la nécessaire prise en charge de la perte d’autonomie, des exigences relatives au bien-être de nos enfants.Le PLFSS qui a été déposé à l’Assemblée est un danger pour la santé des Françaises et des Français.Avec l’Ondam que vous proposez, le déficit des hôpitaux publics va encore se creuser, ce qui va détériorer la prise en charge des patients et les conditions de travail des soignants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28620",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ce042a62263a6c75687a57796427445763476e14ab03bd832acfeaac6acf89f3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3538889",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3538889"
   ],
   "order": 455,
   "text": "Madame la ministre, cela n’a pas l’air d’intéresser vos soutiens de droite, mais ce PLFSS est un goulot d’étranglement pour l’hôpital public. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS.) Quand on prend en compte la hausse de 4 points des cotisations patronales de la CNRACL et l’inflation, l’Ondam est pour ainsi dire statique, avec un taux de croissance net de 0,1 %. Résultat : l’article 27 a été rejeté à l’unanimité par la commission. Même le rapporteur général, dans un élan que je salue, avoue son désaccord avec l’Ondam proposé par le Gouvernement.Ce PLFSS est aussi un danger pour l’accès aux soins. J’en veux pour preuve l’augmentation du ticket modérateur pour les assurés sociaux. Avec les dispositions qui augmentent le tarif de la consultation chez le médecin, vous laissez 3 millions de Français sans complémentaire santé sur le carreau ; 3 millions de Français qui sont dans un entre-deux, leurs ressources se situent juste au-dessus du plafond de revenus permettant de bénéficier de la complémentaire santé solidaire mais ils n’ont pas les moyens de cotiser pour une mutuelle classique ; ils ont fait le choix cornélien de remplir leur frigo plutôt que de se soigner. Ces 3 millions de Français sont souvent des retraités touchant de petites pensions, des familles en situation de précarité financière ou des ménages sans emploi.S’attaquer aux plus pauvres, aux collectivités, aux fonctionnaires, ça, vous savez faire ! En la matière, le Gouvernement a une main de fer. En revanche, le PLFSS est muet pour ce qui concerne la désertification médicale, la santé mentale – pourtant déclarée grande cause nationale par le Premier ministre – ou le vieillissement de la population.Tous les écueils de votre PLFSS ont été mis en lumière en commission. Nous nous sommes battus pour rendre ce texte plus juste et plus solidaire, davantage en phase avec l’esprit de la sécurité sociale – et nous avons réussi à faire adopter quarante-sept amendements, que nous défendrons à nouveau dans l’hémicycle.Nous avons obtenu le développement de la fiscalité comportementale, avec le renforcement de la taxe « soda ». En matière de santé publique, nous avons obtenu l’obligation de la mention du nutriscore sur tous les supports publicitaires.Nous avons aussi fait de ce PLFSS un texte plus juste, en supprimant la hausse du reste à charge de la consultation chez le médecin et en nous opposant à la hausse non concertée et brutale des cotisations à la CNRACL.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 455,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3538889",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 404,
   "annotation_id": "Nedebd2ce68af",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "fer. En revanche, le PLFSS est muet pour ce qui concerne la désertification médicale, la santé mentale – pourtant déclarée grande cause nationale par le Premier ministre – ou le vieillissement de la population.Tous les écueils de votre PLFSS ont été mis en lumière en commission. Nous nous sommes battus pour rendre ce texte plus juste et plus solidaire, davantage en phase avec l’esprit de la sécurité sociale – et nous avons réussi à faire adopter quarante-sept amendements, que nous défendrons à nouveau dans l’hémicycle.Nous avons obtenu le développement de la fiscalité comportementale, avec le renforcement de la taxe « soda ». En matière de santé publique, nous avons obtenu l’obligation de la mention du nutriscore sur tous les supports publicitaires.Nous avons aussi fait de ce PLFSS un texte plus juste, en supprimant la hausse du reste à charge de la consultation chez le médecin et en nous opposant à la hausse non concertée et brutale des cotisations à la CNRACL."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023",
   "date": "2024-10-28",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28620",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 28 octobre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023.xml",
   "source_sha256": "ce042a62263a6c75687a57796427445763476e14ab03bd832acfeaac6acf89f3",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3538897",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3538897"
   ],
   "order": 463,
   "text": "Pour plus de justice intergénérationnelle, nous avons fait adopter la contribution des plus riches au financement de la sécurité sociale, qui viendra alimenter la branche vieillesse. Les voilà, les recettes, monsieur Cordier ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et LFI-NFP, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 / Discussion générale",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 463,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N023-3538897",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "Ndf5df2972794",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour plus de justice intergénérationnelle, nous avons fait adopter la contribution des plus riches au financement de la sécurité sociale, qui viendra alimenter la branche vieillesse. Les voilà, les recettes, monsieur Cordier ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888398",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888398"
   ],
   "order": 250,
   "text": "« Avec le déficit qu’on a, on n’arrive plus à s’en sortir. La vérité, c’est qu’on n’a plus assez de personnel pour faire le travail. » En Haute-Vienne, 80 % des Ehpad sont en déficit. Dans le pays, ce taux monte à 85 %, mais aucun financement de long terme ne permettra à ces structures de s’en sortir.Dans le même temps, une grande partie des héritages les plus importants sont peu voire pas taxés. Notre amendement tend simplement à soumettre les héritages de plus de 120 000 euros, soit les 10 % d’héritages les plus importants, à une cotisation de 0,1 % pour financer l’autonomie et les Ehpad.C’est une mesure de bon sens. Elle pèsera à la marge sur le budget de ceux qu’elle concerne, mais soulagera un peu les Ehpad.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 6 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 6 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887027",
   "amendment": "827",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 250,
   "amendments": [
    "827"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888398",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 131,
   "annotation_id": "N3afcedb00cec",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "« Avec le déficit qu’on a, on n’arrive plus à s’en sortir. La vérité, c’est qu’on n’a plus assez de personnel pour faire le travail. » En Haute-Vienne, 80 % des Ehpad sont en déficit. Dans le pays, ce taux monte à 85 %, mais aucun financement de long terme ne permettra à ces structures de s’en sortir.Dans le même temps, une grande partie des héritages les plus importants sont peu voire pas taxés. Notre amendement tend simplement à soumettre les héritages de plus de 120 000 euros, soit les 10 % d’héritages les plus importants, à une cotisation de 0,1 % pour financer l’autonomie et les Ehpad.C’est une mesure de bon sens. Elle pèsera à la marge sur le budget de ceux qu’elle concerne, mais soulagera un peu les Ehpad."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888403",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888403"
   ],
   "order": 254,
   "text": "C’est « Cinquante nuances de taxes » ! Vous parlez des millionnaires mais, pardon de vous le faire remarquer, votre amendement ne touchera pas seulement les millionnaires !L’exposé sommaire de votre amendement, en cohérence du reste avec les positions que vous avez défendues pendant l’examen du projet de loi de finances pour 2026, est très clair : la mesure que vous défendez ne concerne pas les millionnaires,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 6 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 6 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887027",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 254,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888403",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "N8d9a653a16e0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est « Cinquante nuances de taxes » ! Vous parlez des millionnaires mais, pardon de vous le faire remarquer, votre amendement ne touchera pas seulement les millionnaires !L’exposé sommaire de votre amendement, en cohérence du reste avec les positions que vous avez défendues pendant l’examen du projet de loi de finances pour 2026, est très clair : la mesure que vous défendez ne concerne pas les millionnaires,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888411",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888411"
   ],
   "order": 262,
   "text": "Le code général des impôts permet à chaque parent de donner ou de transmettre à son décès jusqu’à 100 000 euros par enfant, sans droit de donation ni de succession. Cet abattement s’applique une fois tous les quinze ans pour les donations et lors de la clôture de l’inventaire en cas de succession.Instaurer une contribution sur les successions et les donations de plus de 120 000 euros, c’est frôler le seuil d’un abattement qui, au-delà du symbole, revêt une importance cruciale pour les parents.Vous considérez les successions de 120 000 euros comme des héritages colossaux mais je vous rappelle que 87 % des successions ne sont pas taxées, car l’abattement s’applique à la totalité de leur montant.La question de l’héritage soulève des débats intéressants et des positions antagonistes selon qu’on le considère du point de vue de ceux qui donnent ou de ceux qui reçoivent. On ne saurait réformer le principe de cet abattement sans y avoir au préalable préparé les esprits. L’heure n’est pas encore venue de s’y pencher, en tout cas pas dans le cadre de l’examen de ce PLFSS. En outre, je me demande bien d’où vient ce seuil de 120 000 euros qui ne correspond à rien, en tout cas pas au plafond d’abattement des successions ni à celui des assurances-vie.Le sujet mérite mieux qu’un amendement partiel, aussi y serai-je défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 6 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 6 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887027",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 262,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888411",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 225,
   "annotation_id": "N0e552bcb3ef4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le code général des impôts permet à chaque parent de donner ou de transmettre à son décès jusqu’à 100 000 euros par enfant, sans droit de donation ni de succession. Cet abattement s’applique une fois tous les quinze ans pour les donations et lors de la clôture de l’inventaire en cas de succession.Instaurer une contribution sur les successions et les donations de plus de 120 000 euros, c’est frôler le seuil d’un abattement qui, au-delà du symbole, revêt une importance cruciale pour les parents.Vous considérez les successions de 120 000 euros comme des héritages colossaux mais je vous rappelle que 87 % des successions ne sont pas taxées, car l’abattement s’applique à la totalité de leur montant.La question de l’héritage soulève des débats intéressants et des positions antagonistes selon qu’on le considère du point de vue de ceux qui donnent ou de ceux qui reçoivent. On ne saurait réformer le principe de cet abattement sans y avoir au préalable préparé les esprits. L’heure n’est pas encore venue de s’y pencher, en tout cas pas dans le cadre de l’examen de ce PLFSS. En outre, je me demande bien d’où vient ce seuil de 120 000 euros qui ne correspond à rien, en tout cas pas au plafond d’abattement des successions ni à celui des assurances-vie.Le sujet mérite mieux qu’un amendement partiel, aussi y serai-je défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888417",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888417"
   ],
   "order": 268,
   "text": "Il faut voir de quoi on parle. En France, 42 % des ménages ne sont pas propriétaires et 87 % des héritages de ceux qui le sont ne dépassent pas 100 000 euros.Pour financer la branche autonomie, l’amendement tend à créer une contribution d’un taux de 0,1 % sur l’actif net taxable pour toute succession et donation de plus de 120 000 euros. Je peux entendre vos arguments mais entendez les nôtres à votre tour, vous cesserez peut-être de vous opposer systématiquement à toutes les augmentations de cotisations que La France insoumise propose !Sept Ehpad sur dix sont en déficit et la population vieillit : nous aurons donc besoin de nouvelles recettes pour la sécurité sociale ! Nous vous en proposons une, vous n’êtes pas d’accord. Soit.Mais quand on propose des recettes sur le capital, c’est encore non. Sur les hauts salaires, c’est la même chose. Sur les hauts revenus, pareil. Vous ne pouvez pas systématiquement refuser les solutions que nous vous proposons pour régler un problème structurel ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Monsieur le rapporteur… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, M. le président coupe le micro de l’orateur.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 6 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 6 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887027",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 268,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888417",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 192,
   "annotation_id": "Nf32147db37dc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut voir de quoi on parle. En France, 42 % des ménages ne sont pas propriétaires et 87 % des héritages de ceux qui le sont ne dépassent pas 100 000 euros.Pour financer la branche autonomie, l’amendement tend à créer une contribution d’un taux de 0,1 % sur l’actif net taxable pour toute succession et donation de plus de 120 000 euros. Je peux entendre vos arguments mais entendez les nôtres à votre tour, vous cesserez peut-être de vous opposer systématiquement à toutes les augmentations de cotisations que [GROUPE] propose !Sept Ehpad sur dix sont en déficit et la population vieillit : nous aurons donc besoin de nouvelles recettes pour la sécurité sociale ! Nous vous en proposons une, vous n’êtes pas d’accord. Soit.Mais quand on propose des recettes sur le capital, c’est encore non. Sur les hauts salaires, c’est la même chose. Sur les hauts revenus, pareil. Vous ne pouvez pas systématiquement refuser les solutions que nous vous proposons pour régler un problème structurel ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Monsieur le rapporteur… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, M. le président coupe le micro de l’orateur.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888423"
   ],
   "order": 274,
   "text": "Olivier Faure nous invitait à l’instant à arrêter l’hypocrisie. C’est vrai, la gauche doit cesser de se montrer hypocrite en faisant mine de cibler un certain public par ses mesures, et le gouvernement doit en faire de même, lui qui peine à masquer l’accord qu’il vient de conclure par un habile maquillage politique du matraquage fiscal auquel il se prête.Nous avons voté la hausse temporaire de 0,4 point de la CSG sur les revenus du capital mais il faut garder à l’esprit le souvenir douloureux de la hausse de 2018 ! L’amendement adopté tend à augmenter les recettes de la sécurité sociale de 2,8 milliards d’euros, soit 40 euros par Français et même quatre fois plus si l’on considère les assujettis.Bas les masques ! La mesure créée par l’amendement ne concerne pas seulement le stock du capital ou les grands propriétaires : il touche aussi le travail et les revenus.Je ne vous poserai que trois questions : cette mesure s’appliquera-t-elle aux revenus de l’épargne salariale et du placement de l’intéressement ? Si oui, elle frapperait tous les travailleurs et surtout les plus modestes, qui épargnent le fruit de leur contribution aux revenus de leur entreprise pour construire leur vie.Cette mesure s’appliquera-t-elle aux revenus fonciers, ce qui porterait atteinte aux petits investisseurs et à la politique du logement ?Enfin, cette mesure s’appliquera-t-elle aux revenus de l’assurance-vie ? La détention de notre dette nationale et notre souveraineté financière seraient alors en jeu. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 6 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 6 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887027",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 274,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888423",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 247,
   "annotation_id": "N80d4701d4a4e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "[PERSONNE] nous invitait à l’instant à arrêter l’hypocrisie. C’est vrai, la gauche doit cesser de se montrer hypocrite en faisant mine de cibler un certain public par ses mesures, et le gouvernement doit en faire de même, lui qui peine à masquer l’accord qu’il vient de conclure par un habile maquillage politique du matraquage fiscal auquel il se prête.Nous avons voté la hausse temporaire de 0,4 point de la CSG sur les revenus du capital mais il faut garder à l’esprit le souvenir douloureux de la hausse de 2018 ! L’amendement adopté tend à augmenter les recettes de la sécurité sociale de 2,8 milliards d’euros, soit 40 euros par Français et même quatre fois plus si l’on considère les assujettis.Bas les masques ! La mesure créée par l’amendement ne concerne pas seulement le stock du capital ou les grands propriétaires : il touche aussi le travail et les revenus.Je ne vous poserai que trois questions : cette mesure s’appliquera-t-elle aux revenus de l’épargne salariale et du placement de l’intéressement ? Si oui, elle frapperait tous les travailleurs et surtout les plus modestes, qui épargnent le fruit de leur contribution aux revenus de leur entreprise pour construire leur vie.Cette mesure s’appliquera-t-elle aux revenus fonciers, ce qui porterait atteinte aux petits investisseurs et à la politique du logement ?Enfin, cette mesure s’appliquera-t-elle aux revenus de l’assurance-vie ? La détention de notre dette nationale et notre souveraineté financière seraient alors en jeu. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe DR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888499",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888499"
   ],
   "order": 432,
   "text": "Il y a eu l’année dernière une proposition du gouvernement Barnier pour augmenter la prise en charge par les mutuelles en baissant le ticket modérateur. Cette mesure a été abandonnée mais, entre-temps, les mutuelles avaient augmenté leurs tarifs, et donc augmenté leur rentabilité puisque le ticket modérateur n’avait, lui, pas bougé. Catherine Vautrin, ministre de la santé, du travail et des solidarités à l’époque, avait alors entamé avec les complémentaires une discussion assez avancée, même si je ne parlerais pas d’un accord, pour que le milliard de rentabilité excédentaire des mutuelles soit reversé à la sécurité sociale. Il avait été demandé aux mutuelles que cette mesure s’applique sur l’exercice 2025 déjà en cours, mais elles ne le souhaitaient pas. C’est la raison pour laquelle la mesure s’applique sur l’exercice 2026. Cette question a été reprise, je peux vous le dire, dès le 23 décembre, quand j’ai pris mes fonctions à la suite de la censure du gouvernement.Je précise qu’il n’est nulle part écrit que cette taxe est permanente. Elle vise seulement à corriger une bizarrerie de l’histoire liée à un événement politique. J’insiste sur ce point pour qu’on ne fasse pas dire à un article ce qu’il ne dit pas.Par ailleurs, on a beaucoup parlé du rendement de la taxe et du déficit de la sécurité sociale. Je veux bien qu’il y ait des engouements pour voter 2,8 milliards de recettes en plus, mais en perdre 1 milliard en adoptant ces amendements de suppression rendrait l’équation de ce soir tout de même étrange. On veut davantage de recettes parce qu’on pense que les économies seront impossibles à faire accepter et à voter, et on se prive d’une recette.Autre élément : le véritable travail structurel à accomplir porte sur la répartition des dépenses de santé entre l’assurance maladie et les organismes complémentaires, dans le cadre global du système de santé. La ministre Stéphanie Rist, alors qu’elle n’est là tout de même que depuis peu de temps, a pris la décision très importante d’effectuer ce travail de structure. Il faut distinguer ce qui est financé par l’assurance maladie publique de ce qui est pris en charge par les complémentaires, notamment en matière de prévention, de vaccination et de régulation. La définition du contrat responsable est à cet égard un élément clef du bon partage de la dépense.J’ai bien noté que se dégage un consensus pour supprimer l’article 7. En tant que ministre des comptes publics, je sais bien que pour trouver des recettes supplémentaires, on est tenté d’appliquer une taxe sur le flux de revenus du capital – il s’agit tout de même de revenus qui sont très concentrés sur les ménages les plus aisés, quoi qu’on en dise.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 7 / ",
   "article": "Article 7",
   "article_id": "3888202",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 432,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888499",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 447,
   "annotation_id": "N37070630ac72",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "les économies seront impossibles à faire accepter et à voter, et on se prive d’une recette.Autre élément : le véritable travail structurel à accomplir porte sur la répartition des dépenses de santé entre l’assurance maladie et les organismes complémentaires, dans le cadre global du système de santé. La ministre [PERSONNE], alors qu’elle n’est là tout de même que depuis peu de temps, a pris la décision très importante d’effectuer ce travail de structure. Il faut distinguer ce qui est financé par l’assurance maladie publique de ce qui est pris en charge par les complémentaires, notamment en matière de prévention, de vaccination et de régulation. La définition du contrat responsable est à cet égard un élément clef du bon partage de la dépense.J’ai bien noté que se dégage un consensus pour supprimer l’article 7. En tant que ministre des comptes publics, je sais bien que pour trouver des recettes supplémentaires, on est tenté d’appliquer une taxe sur le flux de revenus du capital – il s’agit tout de même de revenus qui sont très concentrés sur les ménages les plus aisés, quoi qu’on en dise."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888667",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888667"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "Sur quel amendement, monsieur le président ? En effet, M. Boyard a pris de l’avance et vient de défendre le no 832. Le no 835 ne porte pas du tout sur la suppression d’une taxe sur les hôpitaux. Je ne vais tout de même pas présenter le bon amendement à sa place, d’autant que je ne l’aurais pas déposé moi-même…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 494,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888667",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N9933c5c362d3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Sur quel amendement, monsieur le président ? En effet, M. Boyard a pris de l’avance et vient de défendre le no 832. Le no 835 ne porte pas du tout sur la suppression d’une taxe sur les hôpitaux. Je ne vais tout de même pas présenter le bon amendement à sa place, d’autant que je ne l’aurais pas déposé moi-même…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888669",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888669"
   ],
   "order": 496,
   "text": "Alors, soit ! Vous proposez que la Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l’autonomie (CNSA) reprenne une partie du report à nouveau des Ehpad privés qui n’augmenteraient pas leurs salariés. À mon avis, il faut au contraire se réjouir si certains de ces établissements ne sont pas déficitaires et ont des réserves leur permettant d’investir pour améliorer les conditions de séjour des personnes âgées et de travail des salariés. Si l’on tient à l’amélioration de l’accueil en maisons de retraite, on ne doit pas leur supprimer les moyens de le financer. L’amendement va donc à l’encontre d’un objectif que nous devrions tous assumer et j’appelle à son retrait.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 496,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888669",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "N4a5144e2f8f5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Alors, soit ! Vous proposez que la Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l’autonomie (CNSA) reprenne une partie du report à nouveau des Ehpad privés qui n’augmenteraient pas leurs salariés. À mon avis, il faut au contraire se réjouir si certains de ces établissements ne sont pas déficitaires et ont des réserves leur permettant d’investir pour améliorer les conditions de séjour des personnes âgées et de travail des salariés. Si l’on tient à l’amélioration de l’accueil en maisons de retraite, on ne doit pas leur supprimer les moyens de le financer. L’amendement va donc à l’encontre d’un objectif que nous devrions tous assumer et j’appelle à son retrait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888671",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888671"
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   "order": 498,
   "text": "Même avis que M. le rapporteur général. Nous devons donner des moyens d’investir aux structures d’accueil des personnes âgées, qu’elles aient ou non un but lucratif. L’objectif final est qu’elles offrent de meilleures conditions de vie aux résidents et de meilleures rémunérations à leurs salariés – j’allais parler d’humanité et de bienveillance. Si, dès qu’une structure dégage 1 euro de rentabilité, nous le ponctionnons, nous ne tirerons pas le système vers le haut. En réalité, les acteurs prêts à investir pour accompagner le virage démographique du vieillissement se font rares. Le secteur a connu de graves dérives, qui justifient les nombreux contrôles désormais opérés. Toutefois, le mettre entièrement à la charge de la collectivité et sortir d’un équilibre entre public et privé ne serait pas nécessairement faire œuvre utile pour les personnes âgées. À défaut de retrait de l’amendement, mon avis serait défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 498,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888671",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 143,
   "annotation_id": "Na6aae50b6e56",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis que M. le rapporteur général. Nous devons donner des moyens d’investir aux structures d’accueil des personnes âgées, qu’elles aient ou non un but lucratif. L’objectif final est qu’elles offrent de meilleures conditions de vie aux résidents et de meilleures rémunérations à leurs salariés – j’allais parler d’humanité et de bienveillance. Si, dès qu’une structure dégage 1 euro de rentabilité, nous le ponctionnons, nous ne tirerons pas le système vers le haut. En réalité, les acteurs prêts à investir pour accompagner le virage démographique du vieillissement se font rares. Le secteur a connu de graves dérives, qui justifient les nombreux contrôles désormais opérés. Toutefois, le mettre entièrement à la charge de la collectivité et sortir d’un équilibre entre public et privé ne serait pas nécessairement faire œuvre utile pour les personnes âgées. À défaut de retrait de l’amendement, mon avis serait défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888678",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888678"
   ],
   "order": 505,
   "text": "On assiste à un jeu d’écritures comptables : l’État ponctionne des hôpitaux financés par la sécurité sociale puis verse de l’argent à cette dernière, dont les gouvernements récents ont asséché les ressources classiques. À la fin, c’est aux hôpitaux qu’il manque 4 milliards d’euros, que nous proposons de leur rendre pour qu’ils puissent embaucher des soignants et leur offrir des conditions de travail dignes – en un mot, pour que le système de santé puisse enfin respirer. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "835",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 505,
   "amendments": [
    "835"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888678",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 84,
   "annotation_id": "N89c35db12cff",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On assiste à un jeu d’écritures comptables : l’État ponctionne des hôpitaux financés par la sécurité sociale puis verse de l’argent à cette dernière, dont les gouvernements récents ont asséché les ressources classiques. À la fin, c’est aux hôpitaux qu’il manque 4 milliards d’euros, que nous proposons de leur rendre pour qu’ils puissent embaucher des soignants et leur offrir des conditions de travail dignes – en un mot, pour que le système de santé puisse enfin respirer. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888680",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888680"
   ],
   "order": 507,
   "text": "Elle a rejeté cet amendement, qui vise à introduire une franchise qui exonérerait totalement les établissements publics de santé, ainsi que les Ehpad publics, de la contribution sur les salaires. Cette taxe – versée à la sécurité sociale et non à l’État comme vous l’avez soutenu – existe parce qu’ils ne sont pas assujettis à la TVA. Il y a en effet un jeu de vases communicants.J’ajoute que vous faites une autre erreur : alors que vous évoquez un montant de 4 milliards d’euros, les sommes en jeu se situent plutôt entre 6,9 et 7,2 milliards.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 507,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888680",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 96,
   "annotation_id": "N73253f289ad7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Elle a rejeté cet amendement, qui vise à introduire une franchise qui exonérerait totalement les établissements publics de santé, ainsi que les Ehpad publics, de la contribution sur les salaires. Cette taxe – versée à la sécurité sociale et non à l’État comme vous l’avez soutenu – existe parce qu’ils ne sont pas assujettis à la TVA. Il y a en effet un jeu de vases communicants.J’ajoute que vous faites une autre erreur : alors que vous évoquez un montant de 4 milliards d’euros, les sommes en jeu se situent plutôt entre 6,9 et 7,2 milliards."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888682",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888682"
   ],
   "order": 510,
   "text": "En revanche, vous avez raison sur un point. Dans son avis rendu hier, le Comité d’alerte sur l’évolution des dépenses de l’assurance maladie (Cadam) expliquait clairement que si l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) demeurait pour 2026 au niveau où il figurait dans la version initiale du PLFSS, le « point de fuite » s’aggraverait, ce qui se traduirait demain par des déficits et de la dette des hôpitaux et des Ehpad. Je me réjouis que le gouvernement ait tenu compte de cette alerte et décidé d’augmenter l’Ondam de 1 milliard d’euros. Cela évitera des tarifs négatifs dans les hôpitaux et les Ehpad.En raison de tous ces éléments, j’appelle au retrait de l’amendement. À défaut, mon avis sera défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 510,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888682",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 120,
   "annotation_id": "N3db798eb1e5a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En revanche, vous avez raison sur un point. Dans son avis rendu hier, le Comité d’alerte sur l’évolution des dépenses de l’assurance maladie (Cadam) expliquait clairement que si l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) demeurait pour 2026 au niveau où il figurait dans la version initiale du PLFSS, le « point de fuite » s’aggraverait, ce qui se traduirait demain par des déficits et de la dette des hôpitaux et des Ehpad. Je me réjouis que le gouvernement ait tenu compte de cette alerte et décidé d’augmenter l’Ondam de 1 milliard d’euros. Cela évitera des tarifs négatifs dans les hôpitaux et les Ehpad.En raison de tous ces éléments, j’appelle au retrait de l’amendement. À défaut, mon avis sera défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888686",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888686"
   ],
   "order": 515,
   "text": "…qui a une longue histoire et un fonctionnement intéressant.Les acteurs publics non soumis à la TVA – administrations, hôpitaux, collectivités territoriales, etc. – versent 58 % de cette taxe, dont la moitié du produit finance la branche vieillesse de la sécurité sociale. Mme la députée Nathalie Coggia s’intéresse à cette contribution, qui représente une participation supplémentaire des administrations publiques à l’équilibre de cette branche. Il s’agit donc d’une taxe sur les rémunérations des employés publics prélevée pour financer les retraites du secteur privé – qui, certes, incluent celles versées à certains anciens contractuels. Ceux qui jugent que l’exonération proposée serait une bonne idée pour les hôpitaux et les Ehpad doivent aussi avoir à l’esprit son effet potentiel sur le système des retraites.Cette taxe est donc un des très nombreux sujets qu’il nous faudrait aborder pour simplifier la tuyauterie de ce système. Comme M. le rapporteur général, le gouvernement estime que la bonne solution pour accroître les moyens des hôpitaux n’est malheureusement pas de les exonérer de cette taxe mais de leur assurer un niveau de financement suffisant. C’est pourquoi le premier ministre a annoncé que l’Ondam serait rehaussé de 1 milliard par rapport à la version initiale du PLFSS.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 515,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888686",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 199,
   "annotation_id": "Na72000c53ea3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…qui a une longue histoire et un fonctionnement intéressant.Les acteurs publics non soumis à la TVA – administrations, hôpitaux, collectivités territoriales, etc. – versent 58 % de cette taxe, dont la moitié du produit finance la branche vieillesse de la sécurité sociale. Mme la députée [PERSONNE] s’intéresse à cette contribution, qui représente une participation supplémentaire des administrations publiques à l’équilibre de cette branche. Il s’agit donc d’une taxe sur les rémunérations des employés publics prélevée pour financer les retraites du secteur privé – qui, certes, incluent celles versées à certains anciens contractuels. Ceux qui jugent que l’exonération proposée serait une bonne idée pour les hôpitaux et les Ehpad doivent aussi avoir à l’esprit son effet potentiel sur le système des retraites.Cette taxe est donc un des très nombreux sujets qu’il nous faudrait aborder pour simplifier la tuyauterie de ce système. Comme M. le rapporteur général, le gouvernement estime que la bonne solution pour accroître les moyens des hôpitaux n’est malheureusement pas de les exonérer de cette taxe mais de leur assurer un niveau de financement suffisant. C’est pourquoi le premier ministre a annoncé que l’Ondam serait rehaussé de 1 milliard par rapport à la version initiale du PLFSS."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033",
   "date": "2025-11-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29865",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 05 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033.xml",
   "source_sha256": "182210e8ff4a98bda56a9420e8be265676e0c7a65d3fbdc963f0e469432b8b41",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888689",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888689"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "Je trouve très intéressant l’amendement présenté par M. Maudet et j’aurais aimé en avoir eu l’idée. J’ai entendu les explications de Mme la ministre, mais je rappelle que notre amendement s’appuie sur une recommandation émise en 2018 par la Cour des comptes, institution que le gouvernement est d’habitude prompt à citer. Je ne sais pas ce que nous aurions pu faire de plus pour tenter de faire des propositions consensuelles.Nous avons déposé de nombreux amendements à propos des déficits des Ehpad et des hôpitaux, dans le but de nourrir le débat. Nous avons expliqué que la hausse de leurs dépenses était inéluctable. En conséquence, tous ceux qui parlent de les réduire tiennent des propos anachroniques. Je constate, chers collègues, que vous critiquez toutes les propositions de La France insoumise, même quand elles visent à supprimer une taxe en reprenant une recommandation de la Cour des comptes, mais j’aimerais entendre vos idées pour essayer de résorber ces déficits. Pour l’instant, aucune n’a été exprimée. Un jour, il faudra accepter ce que nous proposons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "3888663",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 519,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N033-3888689",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 179,
   "annotation_id": "N12b70b7e3cfa",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je trouve très intéressant l’amendement présenté par M. Maudet et j’aurais aimé en avoir eu l’idée. J’ai entendu les explications de Mme la ministre, mais je rappelle que notre amendement s’appuie sur une recommandation émise en 2018 par la Cour des comptes, institution que le gouvernement est d’habitude prompt à citer. Je ne sais pas ce que nous aurions pu faire de plus pour tenter de faire des propositions consensuelles.Nous avons déposé de nombreux amendements à propos des déficits des Ehpad et des hôpitaux, dans le but de nourrir le débat. Nous avons expliqué que la hausse de leurs dépenses était inéluctable. En conséquence, tous ceux qui parlent de les réduire tiennent des propos anachroniques. Je constate, chers collègues, que vous critiquez toutes les propositions de [GROUPE], même quand elles visent à supprimer une taxe en reprenant une recommandation de la Cour des comptes, mais j’aimerais entendre vos idées pour essayer de résorber ces déficits. Pour l’instant, aucune n’a été exprimée. Un jour, il faudra accepter ce que nous proposons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721584",
   "speaker": "Jean Terlier",
   "quality": "M. Jean Terlier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3887316",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 39,
   "text": "J’en profiterai pour défendre également les amendements nos 663 et 658. Madame la ministre, votre parole hier soir a été clairement entendue ; il est important que vous vous soyez engagée à retravailler sur la taxe sur les salaires. Il serait tout aussi important aujourd’hui d’envoyer des signaux aux structures de l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS).Ces amendements ne tendent pas à supprimer la taxe sur les salaires, ni même à en réduire le taux ; ils visent à permettre que, pour ces structures, qui manquent parfois d’attractivité pour recruter, la rémunération au titre de l’intéressement soit moins taxée.Les amendements nos 663 et 658 sont des amendements de repli, que j’ai déposés sur le conseil de M. le rapporteur général, que je remercie. Alors que l’amendement no 112 englobe toutes les structures de l’EES, les amendements de repli visent respectivement les associations employant moins de 250 salariés et celles employant moins de 50 salariés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "112",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 39,
   "amendments": [
    "112"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3887316",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 153,
   "annotation_id": "N954f5c1b258c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’en profiterai pour défendre également les amendements nos 663 et 658. Madame la ministre, votre parole hier soir a été clairement entendue ; il est important que vous vous soyez engagée à retravailler sur la taxe sur les salaires. Il serait tout aussi important aujourd’hui d’envoyer des signaux aux structures de l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS).Ces amendements ne tendent pas à supprimer la taxe sur les salaires, ni même à en réduire le taux ; ils visent à permettre que, pour ces structures, qui manquent parfois d’attractivité pour recruter, la rémunération au titre de l’intéressement soit moins taxée.Les amendements nos 663 et 658 sont des amendements de repli, que j’ai déposés sur le conseil de M. le rapporteur général, que je remercie. Alors que l’amendement no 112 englobe toutes les structures de l’EES, les amendements de repli visent respectivement les associations employant moins de 250 salariés et celles employant moins de 50 salariés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795270",
   "speaker": "Marie-Agnès Poussier-Winsback",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Agnès Poussier-Winsback",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3887320",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3887320"
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   "order": 44,
   "text": "Madame la ministre, j’ai entendu également vos propos hier soir. Je voudrais insister sur le fait que l’ESS emploie 25 % des salariés en milieu rural. J’aime à le répéter : nombre de crèches et d’Ehpad relèvent de ce secteur – il n’y a pas d’Ehpad privés lucratifs en milieu rural. Sans de telles structures, nous n’aurons plus de services au public.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "112",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 44,
   "amendments": [
    "112"
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   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3887320",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "Ne1ba2cd8c5d6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre, j’ai entendu également vos propos hier soir. Je voudrais insister sur le fait que l’ESS emploie 25 % des salariés en milieu rural. J’aime à le répéter : nombre de crèches et d’Ehpad relèvent de ce secteur – il n’y a pas d’Ehpad privés lucratifs en milieu rural. Sans de telles structures, nous n’aurons plus de services au public."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795868",
   "speaker": "Jean-Victor Castor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Victor Castor",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3887322",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3887322"
   ],
   "order": 46,
   "text": "Il s’inscrit dans le prolongement de la loi du 29 novembre 2023 relative au partage de la valeur au sein de l’entreprise. Le PLFSS pour 2026 poursuit la logique d’incitation à l’emploi et à la fidélisation des salariés. Aujourd’hui, ce dispositif de partage collectif du résultat ou de la performance est réservé de fait aux entreprises à but lucratif. Les associations, fondations et autres structures de l’économie sociale et solidaire, qui ne sont pas soumises à l’impôt sur les sociétés (IS), ne bénéficient d’aucune incitation équivalente.Pourtant, ces structures représentent près de 10 % de l’emploi en France ; cette part est encore plus importante dans les territoires dits d’outre-mer, régis par l’article 73 de la Constitution. En Guyane, elles constituent un pilier de l’emploi local. Elles assurent la gestion de crèches, de structures médico-sociales, de dispositifs d’insertion et de santé communautaire. Ces associations, souvent petites – moins de 50 salariés –, fonctionnent dans des conditions particulièrement difficiles, marquées par le coût de la vie élevé, le sous-aménagement du territoire, l’isolement géographique et le manque de personnel qualifié. Pour nos territoires dits d’outre-mer, en particulier pour la Guyane, vous devriez être voter cet amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "1257",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 46,
   "amendments": [
    "1257"
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   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3887322",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 193,
   "annotation_id": "N14d674d412a6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’inscrit dans le prolongement de la loi du 29 novembre 2023 relative au partage de la valeur au sein de l’entreprise. Le PLFSS pour 2026 poursuit la logique d’incitation à l’emploi et à la fidélisation des salariés. Aujourd’hui, ce dispositif de partage collectif du résultat ou de la performance est réservé de fait aux entreprises à but lucratif. Les associations, fondations et autres structures de l’économie sociale et solidaire, qui ne sont pas soumises à l’impôt sur les sociétés (IS), ne bénéficient d’aucune incitation équivalente.Pourtant, ces structures représentent près de 10 % de l’emploi en France ; cette part est encore plus importante dans les territoires dits d’outre-mer, régis par l’article 73 de la Constitution. En Guyane, elles constituent un pilier de l’emploi local. Elles assurent la gestion de crèches, de structures médico-sociales, de dispositifs d’insertion et de santé communautaire. Ces associations, souvent petites – moins de 50 salariés –, fonctionnent dans des conditions particulièrement difficiles, marquées par le coût de la vie élevé, le sous-aménagement du territoire, l’isolement géographique et le manque de personnel qualifié. Pour nos territoires dits d’outre-mer, en particulier pour la Guyane, vous devriez être voter cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre de l’action et des comptes publics",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888251",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 61,
   "text": "Comme je l’ai dit hier soir, la taxe sur les salaires, avec des taux, des assiettes, des périmètres et des déductions différents, est une belle usine à gaz, qui a des effets assez négatifs. Mais la moitié de ses recettes, de près de 18 milliards, est affectée à la branche vieillesse et on on ne saurait priver brutalement cette dernière de plus de 9 milliards de ressources.Mon avis sera défavorable sur tous les amendements concernant la taxe sur les salaires, mais je ne suis pas du tout défavorable à une réforme d’ampleur de la taxe. Elle pourra aborder les spécificités des outre-mer, qui ne sont pas concernés par les enjeux de TVA, mais aussi la situation des organismes non lucratifs – associations et établissements de santé – et même de certaines administrations publiques.Cette taxe, très coûteuse, crée des incitations paradoxales en termes de ressources humaines. Elle encourage le temps partiel au détriment du temps plein et décourage la progression des salaires – très peu de dispositifs sont aussi peu incitatifs à l’augmentation des salaires. C’est d’autant plus absurde que, tant pour le personnel que pour les personnes prises en charge, les activités de ces structures dans le domaine social et dans celui de la santé – et, plus généralement, tout le secteur de l’EES –, sont essentielles pour notre pays. Nous devrions donc favoriser de bonnes rémunérations dans ce secteur.La réforme de la taxe sur les salaires est un des éléments qui peut y contribuer. Grâce au travail collectif et constructif que nous menons, nous disposerons d’un budget au 1er janvier 2026. Dès le 2 janvier, je ferai de la réforme de cette taxe un grand chantier, que nous pourrons mener ensemble et de façon transpartisane, puisque les propositions émanent d’un grand nombre de bancs.Je vous demande donc de retirer vos amendements ; à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 61,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888251",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 307,
   "annotation_id": "Nde3e61770394",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Comme je l’ai dit hier soir, la taxe sur les salaires, avec des taux, des assiettes, des périmètres et des déductions différents, est une belle usine à gaz, qui a des effets assez négatifs. Mais la moitié de ses recettes, de près de 18 milliards, est affectée à la branche vieillesse et on on ne saurait priver brutalement cette dernière de plus de 9 milliards de ressources.Mon avis sera défavorable sur tous les amendements concernant la taxe sur les salaires, mais je ne suis pas du tout défavorable à une réforme d’ampleur de la taxe. Elle pourra aborder les spécificités des outre-mer, qui ne sont pas concernés par les enjeux de TVA, mais aussi la situation des organismes non lucratifs – associations et établissements de santé – et même de certaines administrations publiques.Cette taxe, très coûteuse, crée des incitations paradoxales en termes de ressources humaines. Elle encourage le temps partiel au détriment du temps plein et décourage la progression des salaires – très peu de dispositifs sont aussi peu incitatifs à l’augmentation des salaires. C’est d’autant plus absurde que, tant pour le personnel que pour les personnes prises en charge, les activités de ces structures dans le domaine social et dans celui de la santé – et, plus généralement, tout le secteur de l’EES –, sont essentielles pour notre pays. Nous devrions donc favoriser de bonnes rémunérations dans ce secteur.La réforme de la taxe sur les salaires est un des éléments qui peut y contribuer. Grâce au travail collectif et constructif que nous menons, nous disposerons d’un budget au 1er janvier 2026. Dès le 2 janvier, je ferai de la réforme de cette taxe un grand chantier, que nous pourrons mener ensemble et de façon transpartisane, puisque les propositions émanent d’un grand nombre de bancs.Je vous demande donc de retirer vos amendements ; à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888257",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 67,
   "text": "Tous ces amendements, qu’ils portent sur l’économie sociale et solidaire, les centres de santé, les structures médico-sociales ou le tissu associatif, utiliser le levier de l’exonération et de la déduction et poursuivre ainsi le mitage de l’assiette est problématique à un moment où nous avons besoin de recettes pour la sécurité sociale. Une réflexion globale sur la taxe sur les salaires, comme le propose Mme la ministre, me semble préférable.Je prends l’exemple des Ehpad, qui intéresse particulièrement Stéphanie Rist : la différence des coûts sociaux et fiscaux entre un Ehpad public, un Ehpad associatif et un Ehpad commercial est de l’ordre de 20 % à 25 %.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 67,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888257",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "Ndacf818c0425",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tous ces amendements, qu’ils portent sur l’économie sociale et solidaire, les centres de santé, les structures médico-sociales ou le tissu associatif, utiliser le levier de l’exonération et de la déduction et poursuivre ainsi le mitage de l’assiette est problématique à un moment où nous avons besoin de recettes pour la sécurité sociale. Une réflexion globale sur la taxe sur les salaires, comme le propose Mme la ministre, me semble préférable.Je prends l’exemple des Ehpad, qui intéresse particulièrement [PERSONNE] : la différence des coûts sociaux et fiscaux entre un Ehpad public, un Ehpad associatif et un Ehpad commercial est de l’ordre de 20 % à 25 %."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888260",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888260"
   ],
   "order": 70,
   "text": "Dans ce secteur, les métiers sont en tension et les opérateurs publics nous disent qu’ils n’y arrivent pas. Pour la même activité – Ehpad ou services à domicile, par exemple –, il faudra, à l’occasion de la remise à plat de la taxe, regarder dans leur globalité les cotisations et la fiscalité qui s’appliquent aux opérateurs publics et aux associations qui réalisent des missions d’intérêt général. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 70,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888260",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N10782f0dbea1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans ce secteur, les métiers sont en tension et les opérateurs publics nous disent qu’ils n’y arrivent pas. Pour la même activité – Ehpad ou services à domicile, par exemple –, il faudra, à l’occasion de la remise à plat de la taxe, regarder dans leur globalité les cotisations et la fiscalité qui s’appliquent aux opérateurs publics et aux associations qui réalisent des missions d’intérêt général. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721584",
   "speaker": "Jean Terlier",
   "quality": "M. Jean Terlier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888262",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3888262"
   ],
   "order": 72,
   "text": "Il est savoureux d’intervenir après M. Guedj pour soutenir une exonération de taxe… Madame la ministre, je suis très sensible à l’un de vos arguments : on ne va pas priver la branche vieillesse de 9 à 10 milliards de recettes ! Toutefois, mes amendements concernent l’intéressement, très peu pratiqué par les structures de l’EES, justement parce que la taxe sur les salaires n’y incite pas. Ils n’auraient donc aucun impact sur ces ressources, mais permettraient à ces structures de fidéliser leurs salariés et de rendre leurs métiers plus attractifs. (Mme Marie-Agnès Poussier-Winsback applaudit.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 72,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3888262",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "N89d8beb5cdb0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est savoureux d’intervenir après M. Guedj pour soutenir une exonération de taxe… Madame la ministre, je suis très sensible à l’un de vos arguments : on ne va pas priver la branche vieillesse de 9 à 10 milliards de recettes ! Toutefois, mes amendements concernent l’intéressement, très peu pratiqué par les structures de l’EES, justement parce que la taxe sur les salaires n’y incite pas. Ils n’auraient donc aucun impact sur ces ressources, mais permettraient à ces structures de fidéliser leurs salariés et de rendre leurs métiers plus attractifs. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841091",
   "speaker": "Arnaud Simion",
   "quality": "M. Arnaud Simion",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889653",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889653"
   ],
   "order": 122,
   "text": "Nous constatons tous l’évolution démographique et nous savons que la création de la branche autonomie n’a pas donné lieu à un financement pérenne. Les difficultés de cette cinquième branche sont triples : la revalorisation indispensable des métiers du grand âge ; le sous-financement chronique des Ehpad et des services d’aide et d’accompagnement à domicile (Saad) ; enfin, la forte pression financière exercée sur les départements.C’est pourquoi nous proposons une contribution de 1 %, assise sur les revenus des capitaux mobiliers – les revenus du capital en ce qui concerne l’amendement no 171, les dividendes distribués s’agissant de l’amendement no 172.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "171 et 172",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 122,
   "amendments": [
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   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889653",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N02b9d0a4767b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous constatons tous l’évolution démographique et nous savons que la création de la branche autonomie n’a pas donné lieu à un financement pérenne. Les difficultés de cette cinquième branche sont triples : la revalorisation indispensable des métiers du grand âge ; le sous-financement chronique des Ehpad et des services d’aide et d’accompagnement à domicile (Saad) ; enfin, la forte pression financière exercée sur les départements.C’est pourquoi nous proposons une contribution de 1 %, assise sur les revenus des capitaux mobiliers – les revenus du capital en ce qui concerne l’amendement no 171, les dividendes distribués s’agissant de l’amendement no 172."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889656",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 125,
   "text": "Ces amendements ont été rejetés par la commission. Monsieur Monnet, le montant de 2,4 milliards que mentionne votre exposé sommaire serait le bon, si la taxe que vous proposez ne s’appliquait qu’aux entreprises du CAC40. Mais la rédaction de votre amendement vise tous les dividendes, donc toutes les entreprises. Votre mesure rapporterait ainsi 6,01 milliards.Or, quand on taxe tous les dividendes, on touche aussi des artisans qui ne se versent pas de salaire mais se versent le bénéfice, quand ils ne l’affectent pas à la réserve de l’entreprise : c’est en effet une modalité qu’ils peuvent utiliser pour se rémunérer. Prenons-y garde : les dividendes ne concernent pas seulement les personnes qui vivent selon les préceptes de Mme Rousseau – l’éloge de la paresse –,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 125,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889656",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 125,
   "annotation_id": "Nd5851ffd1f8d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements ont été rejetés par la commission. Monsieur Monnet, le montant de 2,4 milliards que mentionne votre exposé sommaire serait le bon, si la taxe que vous proposez ne s’appliquait qu’aux entreprises du CAC40. Mais la rédaction de votre amendement vise tous les dividendes, donc toutes les entreprises. Votre mesure rapporterait ainsi 6,01 milliards.Or, quand on taxe tous les dividendes, on touche aussi des artisans qui ne se versent pas de salaire mais se versent le bénéfice, quand ils ne l’affectent pas à la réserve de l’entreprise : c’est en effet une modalité qu’ils peuvent utiliser pour se rémunérer. Prenons-y garde : les dividendes ne concernent pas seulement les personnes qui vivent selon les préceptes de Mme Rousseau – l’éloge de la paresse –,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794802",
   "speaker": "Charles Sitzenstuhl",
   "quality": "M. Charles Sitzenstuhl",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889671",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889671"
   ],
   "order": 143,
   "text": "Enfin – la ministre m’a ôté les mots de la bouche –, notre assemblée a déjà voté hier soir une hausse de la fiscalité sur les dividendes : votre amendement est satisfait.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 143,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889671",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 32,
   "annotation_id": "N29f9de4e9f96",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin – la ministre m’a ôté les mots de la bouche –, notre assemblée a déjà voté hier soir une hausse de la fiscalité sur les dividendes : votre amendement est satisfait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889673",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889673"
   ],
   "order": 145,
   "text": "Mesurez-vous vraiment l’état du secteur de la santé et les ressources que nous devons mobiliser ? Je ne le crois pas. Vous ne mesurez pas que nos hôpitaux et nos Ehpad sont à genoux et que six Français sur dix renoncent à se soigner. Ce n’est pas pour le plaisir que je propose de taxer les dividendes.Monsieur le rapporteur général, si vous étiez sincèrement convaincu de la nécessité de taxer les entreprises du CAC40, et s’il ne s’agissait que d’un problème d’écriture légistique, vous auriez pu déposer un sous-amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 145,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889673",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "N2bdb591400d4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mesurez-vous vraiment l’état du secteur de la santé et les ressources que nous devons mobiliser ? Je ne le crois pas. Vous ne mesurez pas que nos hôpitaux et nos Ehpad sont à genoux et que six Français sur dix renoncent à se soigner. Ce n’est pas pour le plaisir que je propose de taxer les dividendes.Monsieur le rapporteur général, si vous étiez sincèrement convaincu de la nécessité de taxer les entreprises du CAC40, et s’il ne s’agissait que d’un problème d’écriture légistique, vous auriez pu déposer un sous-amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889676",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889676"
   ],
   "order": 148,
   "text": "Prendre 2 % des 98 milliards versés ne me paraît pas scandaleux – à vous, peut-être. Cela me semble nécessaire, parce que les besoins de santé sont immenses et ne sont pas satisfaits.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 148,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889676",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N943e1cd235e7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Prendre 2 % des 98 milliards versés ne me paraît pas scandaleux – à vous, peut-être. Cela me semble nécessaire, parce que les besoins de santé sont immenses et ne sont pas satisfaits."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889689",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889689"
   ],
   "order": 161,
   "text": "Quand on leur rappelle certaines réalités, on les dérange. Alors, au lieu de répéter constamment : On prend l’argent ! et de tuer notre outil productif et notre économie, parlons des économies ! Trouvez-vous normal de constater, à la lumière des 240 000 contrôles effectués, qu’un tiers des arrêts maladie se révèlent illégitimes ? Alors, parlons des économies et arrêtez de vous en prendre à ceux qui ont le courage d’entreprendre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes DR et HOR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 161,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889689",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 91,
   "annotation_id": "N8bd309d7b4f2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quand on leur rappelle certaines réalités, on les dérange. Alors, au lieu de répéter constamment : On prend l’argent ! et de tuer notre outil productif et notre économie, parlons des économies ! Trouvez-vous normal de constater, à la lumière des 240 000 contrôles effectués, qu’un tiers des arrêts maladie se révèlent illégitimes ? Alors, parlons des économies et arrêtez de vous en prendre à ceux qui ont le courage d’entreprendre ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes DR et HOR ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841367",
   "speaker": "Christophe Proença",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Proença",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889814",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889814"
   ],
   "order": 163,
   "text": "On prend l’argent où il y en a : malheureusement, monsieur Di Filippo, on ne peut pas aller le chercher chez les pauvres. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.) On juge une nation à l’attention qu’elle porte à ses anciens. Or nos anciens sont en grande difficulté. Le grand âge n’est pas assuré. Par conséquent, dans nos départements à la population vieillissante – tant mieux, les gens vivent plus longtemps –, nombre de personnes âgées sont gardées chez elles car elles ne peuvent pas financer un séjour en Ehpad, ce qui donne lieu à des cas de maltraitance. Au lieu de parler des actionnaires, parlez donc de nos anciens ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 163,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889814",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 127,
   "annotation_id": "N1b263d3c1047",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On prend l’argent où il y en a : malheureusement, monsieur Di Filippo, on ne peut pas aller le chercher chez les pauvres. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) On juge une nation à l’attention qu’elle porte à ses anciens. Or nos anciens sont en grande difficulté. Le grand âge n’est pas assuré. Par conséquent, dans nos départements à la population vieillissante – tant mieux, les gens vivent plus longtemps –, nombre de personnes âgées sont gardées chez elles car elles ne peuvent pas financer un séjour en Ehpad, ce qui donne lieu à des cas de maltraitance. Au lieu de parler des actionnaires, parlez donc de nos anciens ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841947",
   "speaker": "Zahia Hamdane",
   "quality": "Mme Zahia Hamdane",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889840",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 192,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, je vous propose une nouvelle source de recettes. Il s’agit d’instaurer, pour l’année 2026, une contribution de 10 % sur les bénéfices des Ehpad privés à but lucratif.La mesure ne concerne pas les établissements publics ni associatifs, mais les groupes qui réalisent des profits sur l’hébergement de personnes âgées. Ces structures dégagent des bénéfices élevés, reçoivent des financements publics et versent des dividendes à leurs actionnaires. Dans le même temps, les Ehpad publics manquent de personnel, ferment des lits et n’arrivent plus à recruter. Tout le monde constate, y compris les auteurs de rapports officiels, que l’écart entre le privé lucratif et le public se creuse. Dans ce secteur, l’argent circule, mais ne va pas là où il serait utile. Les bénéfices augmentent, les conditions d’accueil stagnent et les établissements publics n’ont plus les moyens de suivre. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "171 et 172",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 192,
   "amendments": [
    "171 et 172"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889840",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N15832daf48eb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, je vous propose une nouvelle source de recettes. Il s’agit d’instaurer, pour l’année 2026, une contribution de 10 % sur les bénéfices des Ehpad privés à but lucratif.La mesure ne concerne pas les établissements publics ni associatifs, mais les groupes qui réalisent des profits sur l’hébergement de personnes âgées. Ces structures dégagent des bénéfices élevés, reçoivent des financements publics et versent des dividendes à leurs actionnaires. Dans le même temps, les Ehpad publics manquent de personnel, ferment des lits et n’arrivent plus à recruter. Tout le monde constate, y compris les auteurs de rapports officiels, que l’écart entre le privé lucratif et le public se creuse. Dans ce secteur, l’argent circule, mais ne va pas là où il serait utile. Les bénéfices augmentent, les conditions d’accueil stagnent et les établissements publics n’ont plus les moyens de suivre. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889843",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889843"
   ],
   "order": 195,
   "text": "L’amendement n’a pas été examiné par la commission, mais je vous répondrai à titre personnel. Vous ciblez les Ehpad privés qui réalisent des bénéfices. S’ils n’en réalisaient pas, ils mourraient ; telle est la réalité de toute entreprise. Avec ces bénéfices, ils peuvent investir pour rénover leur établissement, améliorer les conditions de vie des résidents et les conditions de travail du personnel. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 195,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889843",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N15bbe013b5ef",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement n’a pas été examiné par la commission, mais je vous répondrai à titre personnel. Vous ciblez les Ehpad privés qui réalisent des bénéfices. S’ils n’en réalisaient pas, ils mourraient ; telle est la réalité de toute entreprise. Avec ces bénéfices, ils peuvent investir pour rénover leur établissement, améliorer les conditions de vie des résidents et les conditions de travail du personnel. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889928",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889928"
   ],
   "order": 199,
   "text": "Avec le vieillissement de la population et la perte d’autonomie qui l’accompagne, si le secteur était si rentable que vous le dites, des maisons de retraite se développeraient dans tous les villages de France, ce qui n’est pas le cas. Il est heureux que des Ehpad privés soient implantés dans certains territoires ; sans eux, les habitants n’auraient pas d’autre solution.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 199,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889928",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N0c334f6e2479",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Avec le vieillissement de la population et la perte d’autonomie qui l’accompagne, si le secteur était si rentable que vous le dites, des maisons de retraite se développeraient dans tous les villages de France, ce qui n’est pas le cas. Il est heureux que des Ehpad privés soient implantés dans certains territoires ; sans eux, les habitants n’auraient pas d’autre solution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889862",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889862"
   ],
   "order": 216,
   "text": "Je souscris totalement à la proposition de Mme Vidal. Plutôt que d’aborder séparément les questions relatives au financement de la prise en charge du grand âge, des Ehpad et des services à domicile, nous souhaitons en débattre dans le cadre d’une loi de programmation sur le grand âge, demandée l’an dernier à l’unanimité par l’Assemblée nationale. Cette méthode nous donnerait une vision panoramique sur les modalités de financement.L’amendement procède du même esprit que celui de Mme Hamdane. Quand les opérateurs de téléphonie mobile se voient confier par l’État une fréquence pour qu’ils l’exploitent commercialement, ils versent une redevance à l’État. Quand les opérateurs autoroutiers se voient confier par l’État une concession autoroutière pour qu’ils l’exploitent commercialement, ils versent une redevance à l’État. Or dans le cas des Ehpad, l’État accorde à des opérateurs privés une autorisation publique d’exploitation, plus encore, il leur verse des financements publics comme la dotation soins, mais ces opérateurs ne lui versent pas de redevance. Nous vous proposons donc d’instaurer une redevance dont devront s’acquitter les établissements privés ; il conviendra de faire attention au secteur associatif, dont les structures ne sont pas toutes habilitées à l’aide sociale. L’objectif est le suivant : à autorisation publique, redevance des opérateurs privés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "1033",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 216,
   "amendments": [
    "1033"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889862",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 211,
   "annotation_id": "N3f61f71a271d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souscris totalement à la proposition de Mme Vidal. Plutôt que d’aborder séparément les questions relatives au financement de la prise en charge du grand âge, des Ehpad et des services à domicile, nous souhaitons en débattre dans le cadre d’une loi de programmation sur le grand âge, demandée l’an dernier à l’unanimité par l’Assemblée nationale. Cette méthode nous donnerait une vision panoramique sur les modalités de financement.L’amendement procède du même esprit que celui de Mme Hamdane. Quand les opérateurs de téléphonie mobile se voient confier par l’État une fréquence pour qu’ils l’exploitent commercialement, ils versent une redevance à l’État. Quand les opérateurs autoroutiers se voient confier par l’État une concession autoroutière pour qu’ils l’exploitent commercialement, ils versent une redevance à l’État. Or dans le cas des Ehpad, l’État accorde à des opérateurs privés une autorisation publique d’exploitation, plus encore, il leur verse des financements publics comme la dotation soins, mais ces opérateurs ne lui versent pas de redevance. Nous vous proposons donc d’instaurer une redevance dont devront s’acquitter les établissements privés ; il conviendra de faire attention au secteur associatif, dont les structures ne sont pas toutes habilitées à l’aide sociale. L’objectif est le suivant : à autorisation publique, redevance des opérateurs privés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889866",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889866"
   ],
   "order": 220,
   "text": "Je comprends ce que vous voulez dire, bien que la comparaison que vous faites entre le régime d’autorisation des Ehpad et celui des licences de téléphonie ou des concessions autoroutières ne me semble pas adaptée. Je pense comme vous qu’il faut assurer le plus largement possible l’accès aux Ehpad. En revanche, je peine à comprendre en quoi la mesure proposée servirait ce but.Les amendes prononcées contre les villes ne respectant pas le quota de logements sociaux sont notoirement inefficaces. Votre amendement souffre du même problème : il ne tient aucun compte des différences entre les territoires. S’il était adopté, certains établissements auraient des lits vides, quand d’autres, au-delà d’un certain seuil d’occupation, forceraient des personnes âgées ayant travaillé toute leur vie à partir pour faire de la place.En outre, la Fédération des établissements hospitaliers et d’aide à la personne privés non lucratifs (Fehap) nous a alertés sur le fait que votre amendement ne toucherait pas uniquement les établissements à but lucratif.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 220,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889866",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 161,
   "annotation_id": "Nce2eb2b1b68b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends ce que vous voulez dire, bien que la comparaison que vous faites entre le régime d’autorisation des Ehpad et celui des licences de téléphonie ou des concessions autoroutières ne me semble pas adaptée. Je pense comme vous qu’il faut assurer le plus largement possible l’accès aux Ehpad. En revanche, je peine à comprendre en quoi la mesure proposée servirait ce but.Les amendes prononcées contre les villes ne respectant pas le quota de logements sociaux sont notoirement inefficaces. Votre amendement souffre du même problème : il ne tient aucun compte des différences entre les territoires. S’il était adopté, certains établissements auraient des lits vides, quand d’autres, au-delà d’un certain seuil d’occupation, forceraient des personnes âgées ayant travaillé toute leur vie à partir pour faire de la place.En outre, la Fédération des établissements hospitaliers et d’aide à la personne privés non lucratifs (Fehap) nous a alertés sur le fait que votre amendement ne toucherait pas uniquement les établissements à but lucratif."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889870",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889870"
   ],
   "order": 224,
   "text": "Il concernerait aussi certains établissements privés à but non lucratif, dont certains sont habilités à l’aide sociale. Heureusement qu’ils existent et qu’ils contribuent à la prise en charge du grand âge ! Il existe un subtil équilibre entre les acteurs du système ; l’instauration d’une telle taxe risque de nuire à ceux qui jouent le jeu. Pour toutes ces raisons, je suis défavorable à l’amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 224,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889870",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 65,
   "annotation_id": "N06e4fea0efb0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il concernerait aussi certains établissements privés à but non lucratif, dont certains sont habilités à l’aide sociale. Heureusement qu’ils existent et qu’ils contribuent à la prise en charge du grand âge ! Il existe un subtil équilibre entre les acteurs du système ; l’instauration d’une telle taxe risque de nuire à ceux qui jouent le jeu. Pour toutes ces raisons, je suis défavorable à l’amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889988",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889988"
   ],
   "order": 226,
   "text": "L’avis du gouvernement est le même que celui du rapporteur général. Madame Rousseau, il est important de rappeler que le Parlement et le gouvernement ont renforcé le contrôle des Ehpad commerciaux par une série de mesures prises depuis 2023 et l’affaire Orpea.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 226,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889988",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "N23be1f2007ba",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis du gouvernement est le même que celui du rapporteur général. Madame Rousseau, il est important de rappeler que le Parlement et le gouvernement ont renforcé le contrôle des Ehpad commerciaux par une série de mesures prises depuis 2023 et l’affaire Orpea."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889990",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889990"
   ],
   "order": 228,
   "text": "Dorénavant, les Ehpad commerciaux seront tenus à une comptabilité analytique attestée par un commissaire aux comptes et retraçant l’utilisation des fonds publics qui leur sont alloués. Ils sont désormais soumis, pour l’intégralité de leur budget et de leurs filiales, au contrôle de l’Igas et de l’IGF, ainsi qu’à celui de la Cour des comptes. En cas de constitution d’excédents qui s’avéreraient injustifiés, un décret de décembre 2023 précise les conditions dans lesquelles les dotations versées doivent être réduites. Le décret relatif à la comptabilité analytique est en cours de préparation.Ces mesures sont destinées à rassurer quant aux profits qui pourraient être faits, non pas sur les sections soins et dépendance, mais sur la section hébergement, pour laquelle une diversification de l’offre me paraît légitime. Nous privilégions cette voie plutôt que la taxe qui pourrait poser un problème de constitutionnalité.Pour ces raisons ainsi que pour celles qu’a développées le rapporteur général, l’avis du gouvernement est défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 228,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889990",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 155,
   "annotation_id": "Na444c25c1f7d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Dorénavant, les Ehpad commerciaux seront tenus à une comptabilité analytique attestée par un commissaire aux comptes et retraçant l’utilisation des fonds publics qui leur sont alloués. Ils sont désormais soumis, pour l’intégralité de leur budget et de leurs filiales, au contrôle de l’Igas et de l’IGF, ainsi qu’à celui de la Cour des comptes. En cas de constitution d’excédents qui s’avéreraient injustifiés, un décret de décembre 2023 précise les conditions dans lesquelles les dotations versées doivent être réduites. Le décret relatif à la comptabilité analytique est en cours de préparation.Ces mesures sont destinées à rassurer quant aux profits qui pourraient être faits, non pas sur les sections soins et dépendance, mais sur la section hébergement, pour laquelle une diversification de l’offre me paraît légitime. Nous privilégions cette voie plutôt que la taxe qui pourrait poser un problème de constitutionnalité.Pour ces raisons ainsi que pour celles qu’a développées le rapporteur général, l’avis du gouvernement est défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889994",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3889994"
   ],
   "order": 232,
   "text": "La proposition de M. Guedj me semble intéressante. En donnant une autorisation, l’État permet aux établissements de générer un chiffre d’affaires et, éventuellement, des bénéfices. Il ne me paraît pas forcément pertinent d’instaurer une taxe en contrepartie de cette autorisation ; en revanche, lorsque ces établissements vendent des lits et des autorisations à d’autres acteurs après avoir bénéficié d’une autorisation gratuite – je ne conteste pas celle-ci, dans la mesure où ils rendent effectivement un service public –, il me paraît souhaitable que l’État prenne une partie du bénéfice des ventes.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 232,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3889994",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 91,
   "annotation_id": "N8d0fc8c26f62",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition de M. Guedj me semble intéressante. En donnant une autorisation, l’État permet aux établissements de générer un chiffre d’affaires et, éventuellement, des bénéfices. Il ne me paraît pas forcément pertinent d’instaurer une taxe en contrepartie de cette autorisation ; en revanche, lorsque ces établissements vendent des lits et des autorisations à d’autres acteurs après avoir bénéficié d’une autorisation gratuite – je ne conteste pas celle-ci, dans la mesure où ils rendent effectivement un service public –, il me paraît souhaitable que l’État prenne une partie du bénéfice des ventes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890757",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3890757"
   ],
   "order": 350,
   "text": "Au Rassemblement national, vous vous montrez trop à l’aise dans ce débat : concernant ce PLFSS, vous n’avez aucun programme. Vous parlez beaucoup des Ehpad, mais le mot n’apparaît même pas dans votre contre-budget. Avant de dire quelque chose, essayez de construire un programme solide ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Quant au bloc central, j’entends toutes les critiques qu’il peut émettre au sujet de nos propositions, mais quelles contre-propositions fait-il ? (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et DR.) Vous nous répétez qu’il faut diminuer les dépenses, mais il est évident que lorsque la population vieillit, les dépenses augmentent. Quand on voit quelle crise du logement nous vivons, et qu’elle va encore s’accentuer, les dépenses augmenteront de fait. Dites-nous concrètement où vous voulez couper dans le budget des hôpitaux, dans les aides personnelles au logement (APL), que d’ailleurs vous ne dégelez pas !Structurellement, la sécurité sociale a besoin de nouvelles recettes ; si vous ne mettez pas le capital à contribution, ce sont les travailleuses et les travailleurs qui devront payer – option que vous avez toujours retenue. Depuis 2003, la part de la TVA dans les recettes de la sécurité sociale a augmenté de 8 %, la part des cotisations patronales y a diminué d’autant.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 350,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890757",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 209,
   "annotation_id": "Nc23d273d2cca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Au [GROUPE], vous vous montrez trop à l’aise dans ce débat : concernant ce PLFSS, vous n’avez aucun programme. Vous parlez beaucoup des Ehpad, mais le mot n’apparaît même pas dans votre contre-budget. Avant de dire quelque chose, essayez de construire un programme solide ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Quant au bloc central, j’entends toutes les critiques qu’il peut émettre au sujet de nos propositions, mais quelles contre-propositions fait-il ? (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et DR.) Vous nous répétez qu’il faut diminuer les dépenses, mais il est évident que lorsque la population vieillit, les dépenses augmentent. Quand on voit quelle crise du logement nous vivons, et qu’elle va encore s’accentuer, les dépenses augmenteront de fait. Dites-nous concrètement où vous voulez couper dans le budget des hôpitaux, dans les aides personnelles au logement (APL), que d’ailleurs vous ne dégelez pas !Structurellement, la sécurité sociale a besoin de nouvelles recettes ; si vous ne mettez pas le capital à contribution, ce sont les travailleuses et les travailleurs qui devront payer – option que vous avez toujours retenue. Depuis 2003, la part de la TVA dans les recettes de la sécurité sociale a augmenté de 8 %, la part des cotisations patronales y a diminué d’autant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890780",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3890780"
   ],
   "order": 373,
   "text": "Il vise également à une contribution exceptionnelle sur les dividendes, qui l’année dernière, comme cela vient d’être rappelé, se sont élevés à 100 milliards pour les entreprises du CAC40 – avec un record pour TotalEnergies, laquelle a versé à elle seule 14,5 milliards. Jamais nous n’avions atteint de tels chiffres ; le montant des dividendes a augmenté de 60 % depuis 2019, de plus de 8 % entre 2023 et 2024 ! Dans notre capitalisme financiarisé, ce qui progresse n’est pas le financement du travail, la rémunération de ceux qui produisent la valeur, mais celle des actionnaires. Cette contribution exceptionnelle de 10 % permettrait de consolider notre système par répartition, ce qui est indispensable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "237",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 373,
   "amendments": [
    "237"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890780",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 114,
   "annotation_id": "N6bfce3aa7a69",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise également à une contribution exceptionnelle sur les dividendes, qui l’année dernière, comme cela vient d’être rappelé, se sont élevés à 100 milliards pour les entreprises du CAC40 – avec un record pour TotalEnergies, laquelle a versé à elle seule 14,5 milliards. Jamais nous n’avions atteint de tels chiffres ; le montant des dividendes a augmenté de 60 % depuis 2019, de plus de 8 % entre 2023 et 2024 ! Dans notre capitalisme financiarisé, ce qui progresse n’est pas le financement du travail, la rémunération de ceux qui produisent la valeur, mais celle des actionnaires. Cette contribution exceptionnelle de 10 % permettrait de consolider notre système par répartition, ce qui est indispensable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890782",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3890782"
   ],
   "order": 375,
   "text": "Les Fossoyeurs puis Les Ogres de Victor Castanet ont révélé comment, dans les Ehpad et les crèches, certains groupes privés à but lucratif privilégient le profit au détriment du bien-être des personnes qu’ils accueillent. Pour accroître leurs marges, ces établissements réduisent les dépenses d’alimentation, contraignent leurs effectifs, dégradent les conditions d’accueil, entraînant de véritables situations de maltraitance. Tous ceux, toutes celles qui y ont des proches âgés ou des enfants en bas âge peuvent en témoigner ; c’est mon cas, concernant Marseille.Je vous propose de taxer les dividendes versés aux actionnaires de ces structures, en vue de réaffecter au financement de la sécurité sociale une partie de leurs profits, ce qui serait absolument légitime. Par ailleurs, j’invite le gouvernement à étudier les autres mécanismes fiscaux grâce auxquels l’activité de ces groupes produit de gros profits : ainsi, ils ne versent pas toujours de dividendes mais utilisent le rachat par endettement, en acquérant d’autres entreprises du secteur au moyen d’un emprunt garanti par les résultats du groupe, ce qui est plus difficile à taxer. Je le répète, j’invite le ministère de l’action et des comptes publics à réfléchir à la manière dont nous pourrions lutter contre ces pratiques.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "230",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 375,
   "amendments": [
    "230"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890782",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 197,
   "annotation_id": "N155af76eaf1f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les Fossoyeurs puis Les Ogres de Victor Castanet ont révélé comment, dans les Ehpad et les crèches, certains groupes privés à but lucratif privilégient le profit au détriment du bien-être des personnes qu’ils accueillent. Pour accroître leurs marges, ces établissements réduisent les dépenses d’alimentation, contraignent leurs effectifs, dégradent les conditions d’accueil, entraînant de véritables situations de maltraitance. Tous ceux, toutes celles qui y ont des proches âgés ou des enfants en bas âge peuvent en témoigner ; c’est mon cas, concernant Marseille.Je vous propose de taxer les dividendes versés aux actionnaires de ces structures, en vue de réaffecter au financement de la sécurité sociale une partie de leurs profits, ce qui serait absolument légitime. Par ailleurs, j’invite le gouvernement à étudier les autres mécanismes fiscaux grâce auxquels l’activité de ces groupes produit de gros profits : ainsi, ils ne versent pas toujours de dividendes mais utilisent le rachat par endettement, en acquérant d’autres entreprises du secteur au moyen d’un emprunt garanti par les résultats du groupe, ce qui est plus difficile à taxer. Je le répète, j’invite le ministère de l’action et des comptes publics à réfléchir à la manière dont nous pourrions lutter contre ces pratiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890785",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3890785"
   ],
   "order": 378,
   "text": "Madame Amiot, même si ce n’est pas l’objet de votre amendement, je vous rejoins sur un point : il faut lutter contre les fraudes fiscales, les stratégies frauduleuses d’optimisation. Nous devons corriger le tir ; c’est, je crois, l’un des combats menés actuellement. Quant aux 16 % de taxe, vous parlez d’une contribution exceptionnelle sur les dividendes, mais l’amendement est très clair : il prévoit une mesure pérenne et renvoie aux articles que le code du commerce regroupe dans une section intitulée « Des bénéfices » – heureusement que les bénéfices existent, sans quoi il n’y aurait plus d’entreprises ! Vous évoquez les entreprises du CAC40 – et votre chiffrage correspond à celles-ci – mais l’amendement s’appliquant à toutes les entreprises de France, à tous les dividendes, petits portefeuilles compris, l’assiette serait en réalité bien plus importante, si bien que votre taxe rapporterait en réalité 41,5 milliards d’euros ! Je ne sais pas si vous imaginez ce que cela fait.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 378,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890785",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 160,
   "annotation_id": "Nbeb2a82c0b17",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Amiot, même si ce n’est pas l’objet de votre amendement, je vous rejoins sur un point : il faut lutter contre les fraudes fiscales, les stratégies frauduleuses d’optimisation. Nous devons corriger le tir ; c’est, je crois, l’un des combats menés actuellement. Quant aux 16 % de taxe, vous parlez d’une contribution exceptionnelle sur les dividendes, mais l’amendement est très clair : il prévoit une mesure pérenne et renvoie aux articles que le code du commerce regroupe dans une section intitulée « Des bénéfices » – heureusement que les bénéfices existent, sans quoi il n’y aurait plus d’entreprises ! Vous évoquez les entreprises du CAC40 – et votre chiffrage correspond à celles-ci – mais l’amendement s’appliquant à toutes les entreprises de France, à tous les dividendes, petits portefeuilles compris, l’assiette serait en réalité bien plus importante, si bien que votre taxe rapporterait en réalité 41,5 milliards d’euros ! Je ne sais pas si vous imaginez ce que cela fait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29874",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 06 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e0b148add4ee8fc8459f88fc56e4f3197bbfa7a8f18c8a5982f46d80056dfa45",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3890787"
   ],
   "order": 380,
   "text": "Monsieur Leseul, madame Rousseau, vous souhaitez une contribution de 10 % sur les dividendes versés par les entreprises de tous les secteurs, quel que soit leur chiffre d’affaires. Cela représenterait 30 milliards d’euros – un choc considérable pour notre pays, je tenais à vous alerter sur ce point. Il convient de ne pas laisser prospérer l’idée selon laquelle les dividendes ne seraient pas déjà taxés : pour l’entreprise, les bénéfices ne viennent qu’après l’IS, dont le taux est de 25 % ; des 75 % restants, pour l’actionnaire, 30 % sont dus au titre du PFU, soit 12,8 % d’impôt sur le revenu (IR) et 17,2 % de prélèvements sociaux – la CSG, la CRDS, le prélèvement de solidarité. Encore une fois, la fiscalité des dividendes n’est donc pas nulle, bien au contraire !Monsieur Davi, j’ai bien en tête les livres que vous avez mentionnés ; il se trouve que j’ai présidé la commission d’enquête sur le modèle économique des crèches et sur la qualité de l’accueil des jeunes enfants au sein de leurs établissements. Des abus existent – nous avons fait des signalements –, il importe de les condamner, mais il ne faut pas non plus généraliser ce constat. Là réside le problème de votre amendement : il pénaliserait tout le secteur d’un coup, froidement, sans distinction. D’ailleurs, il ne créerait pas une taxe de 10 % sur les dividendes versés par les seuls Ehpad privés à but lucratif, mais sur ceux versés par toutes les entreprises.Ces quatre amendements ont été rejetés par la commission ; à titre personnel, avis également défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Après l’article 7 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 7 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3887289",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 380,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N034-3890787",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 263,
   "annotation_id": "Nd182dc1201ca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Leseul, madame Rousseau, vous souhaitez une contribution de 10 % sur les dividendes versés par les entreprises de tous les secteurs, quel que soit leur chiffre d’affaires. Cela représenterait 30 milliards d’euros – un choc considérable pour notre pays, je tenais à vous alerter sur ce point. Il convient de ne pas laisser prospérer l’idée selon laquelle les dividendes ne seraient pas déjà taxés : pour l’entreprise, les bénéfices ne viennent qu’après l’IS, dont le taux est de 25 % ; des 75 % restants, pour l’actionnaire, 30 % sont dus au titre du PFU, soit 12,8 % d’impôt sur le revenu (IR) et 17,2 % de prélèvements sociaux – la CSG, la CRDS, le prélèvement de solidarité. Encore une fois, la fiscalité des dividendes n’est donc pas nulle, bien au contraire !Monsieur Davi, j’ai bien en tête les livres que vous avez mentionnés ; il se trouve que j’ai présidé la commission d’enquête sur le modèle économique des crèches et sur la qualité de l’accueil des jeunes enfants au sein de leurs établissements. Des abus existent – nous avons fait des signalements –, il importe de les condamner, mais il ne faut pas non plus généraliser ce constat. Là réside le problème de votre amendement : il pénaliserait tout le secteur d’un coup, froidement, sans distinction. D’ailleurs, il ne créerait pas une taxe de 10 % sur les dividendes versés par les seuls Ehpad privés à but lucratif, mais sur ceux versés par toutes les entreprises.Ces quatre amendements ont été rejetés par la commission ; à titre personnel, avis également défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30025",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957521",
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   "order": 184,
   "text": "Le groupe Démocrates votera l’amendement du gouvernement ainsi que les deux sous-amendements de Thibault Bazin. Il le fera pour une raison essentielle, qui nous a conduits à converger les uns et les autres vers son adoption : il est marqué du sceau de la justice sociale, car il protège le pouvoir d’achat des plus modestes. En effet, cette hausse de la CSG ne concernera que ceux qui ont les plus hauts revenus et qui, par exemple, touchent des plus-values immobilières importantes, détiennent des comptes courants d’associés ou perçoivent des dividendes considérables. Les autres seront protégés.Toutefois, nous ne pourrons pas continuer à cavaler ainsi derrière des dépenses non maîtrisées. Nous devons être capables, de façon transpartisane, de les maîtriser. Monsieur le rapporteur général, comment trouver les conditions de l’efficience ? Pour arrêter ce train des dépenses non maîtrisées, nous devons notamment parvenir à mettre en pratique les recommandations de la Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), qui font autorité. Nous devons également veiller à embarquer le corps médical et éviter qu’il subisse des coupes claires, comme celles qui sont systématiquement faites depuis vingt ans dans le cadre du PLFSS.J’appelle chacun à assumer ses responsabilités au-delà de ce compromis. Tout commencera avec l’examen des dépenses. Nous devons être au rendez-vous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem. – M. Franck Riester et Mme Annie Vidal applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite)",
   "article_id": "3955788",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 184,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957521",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 225,
   "annotation_id": "N4ae4cc11125d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe Démocrates votera l’amendement du gouvernement ainsi que les deux sous-amendements de [PERSONNE]. Il le fera pour une raison essentielle, qui nous a conduits à converger les uns et les autres vers son adoption : il est marqué du sceau de la justice sociale, car il protège le pouvoir d’achat des plus modestes. En effet, cette hausse de la CSG ne concernera que ceux qui ont les plus hauts revenus et qui, par exemple, touchent des plus-values immobilières importantes, détiennent des comptes courants d’associés ou perçoivent des dividendes considérables. Les autres seront protégés.Toutefois, nous ne pourrons pas continuer à cavaler ainsi derrière des dépenses non maîtrisées. Nous devons être capables, de façon transpartisane, de les maîtriser. Monsieur le rapporteur général, comment trouver les conditions de l’efficience ? Pour arrêter ce train des dépenses non maîtrisées, nous devons notamment parvenir à mettre en pratique les recommandations de la Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), qui font autorité. Nous devons également veiller à embarquer le corps médical et éviter qu’il subisse des coupes claires, comme celles qui sont systématiquement faites depuis vingt ans dans le cadre du PLFSS.J’appelle chacun à assumer ses responsabilités au-delà de ce compromis. Tout commencera avec l’examen des dépenses. Nous devons être au rendez-vous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem. – M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30025",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957163",
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   "order": 189,
   "text": "L’amendement du gouvernement rapportera 1,5 milliard d’euros, qui seront affectés à la branche autonomie. Une telle somme permettra de soutenir les Ehpad dans leurs investissements indispensables, de renforcer la qualité des soins et d’accélérer la transformation vers une prise en charge plus forte par la médecine de ville ; de sécuriser les concours versés aux départements pour financer l’allocation personnalisée d’autonomie (APA) et la prestation de compensation du handicap (PCH) ; de couvrir les priorités issues de la prochaine Conférence nationale du handicap (CNH) ; enfin, d’accélérer les recrutements dans les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux.Chacun d’entre vous soutient ces priorités, année après année. Vous savez donc que ce 1,5 milliard supplémentaire est indispensable à la branche autonomie. Il nous permettra de poursuivre le financement des « 50 000 solutions », des mesures nouvelles en faveur des proches aidants, des aides à la mobilité, de l’accompagnement à domicile, et ainsi de suite.Depuis plusieurs années, chaque PLFSS est l’occasion de rappeler l’enjeu majeur du financement du grand âge. Certes, il ne s’agit pas ici d’une grande réforme ni d’une loi sur le grand âge, mais ce 1,5 milliard supplémentaire sera utile à la branche autonomie, dans le contexte démographique que nous connaissons. Grâce à lui, les Ehpad, de chacune de vos circonscriptions, pourront être transformés. Vous pouvez donc voter cet amendement de bon cœur. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite)",
   "article_id": "3955788",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 189,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957163",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 229,
   "annotation_id": "N73ed1a02cf0f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement du gouvernement rapportera 1,5 milliard d’euros, qui seront affectés à la branche autonomie. Une telle somme permettra de soutenir les Ehpad dans leurs investissements indispensables, de renforcer la qualité des soins et d’accélérer la transformation vers une prise en charge plus forte par la médecine de ville ; de sécuriser les concours versés aux départements pour financer l’allocation personnalisée d’autonomie (APA) et la prestation de compensation du handicap (PCH) ; de couvrir les priorités issues de la prochaine Conférence nationale du handicap (CNH) ; enfin, d’accélérer les recrutements dans les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux.Chacun d’entre vous soutient ces priorités, année après année. Vous savez donc que ce 1,5 milliard supplémentaire est indispensable à la branche autonomie. Il nous permettra de poursuivre le financement des « 50 000 solutions », des mesures nouvelles en faveur des proches aidants, des aides à la mobilité, de l’accompagnement à domicile, et ainsi de suite.Depuis plusieurs années, chaque PLFSS est l’occasion de rappeler l’enjeu majeur du financement du grand âge. Certes, il ne s’agit pas ici d’une grande réforme ni d’une loi sur le grand âge, mais ce 1,5 milliard supplémentaire sera utile à la branche autonomie, dans le contexte démographique que nous connaissons. Grâce à lui, les Ehpad, de chacune de vos circonscriptions, pourront être transformés. Vous pouvez donc voter cet amendement de bon cœur. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30025",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.xml",
   "source_sha256": "c71df8d55af40a6e08966b0761521125aaaca1914266de9eb8667d2c19987c23",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA643210",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Lecornu",
   "quality": "premier ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957169",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 195,
   "text": "Oui, pour le débat. Je remercie également la ministre de la santé, qui a répondu aux demandes d’engagement exprimées par plusieurs groupes – je pense notamment au président et ancien ministre Paul Christophe. Je note à cet égard une curiosité : certains semblent hésiter entre un rendement totémique et un rendement budgétaire destiné à réduire les déficits publics. Plusieurs d’entre vous l’ont souligné : on ne peut pas demander toujours plus à la sécurité sociale sans lui donner les recettes correspondantes.Au-delà de la proposition élaborée par les ministres et des sous-amendements, il nous faudra, dans les prochaines heures et les prochains jours – notamment pendant la conférence sociale qui s’ouvrira demain –, engager un débat de fond : comment financer la branche dépendance ? Pour l’instant, nous faisons comme si nous pouvions créer un impôt magique, à même de colmater le trou noir de la sécurité sociale.Bien entendu, nous notons les petits coups de griffe de M. Ciotti à M. Wauquiez, mais enfin, les Ehpad, ça compte ! Le service de maintien à domicile, ça compte aussi, monsieur Ciotti – vous qui avez été président d’un conseil départemental en même temps que moi, ou moi en même temps que vous. Les nouveaux services et les droits que nous devons ouvrir pour les personnes âgées, ça compte ! (M. Paul Molac applaudit.) Le vieillissement de la population dans les équilibres globaux de la sécurité sociale, ça compte !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite)",
   "article_id": "3955788",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 195,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957169",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 237,
   "annotation_id": "N4c4c0ff82823",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, pour le débat. Je remercie également la ministre de la santé, qui a répondu aux demandes d’engagement exprimées par plusieurs groupes – je pense notamment au président et ancien ministre [PERSONNE]. Je note à cet égard une curiosité : certains semblent hésiter entre un rendement totémique et un rendement budgétaire destiné à réduire les déficits publics. Plusieurs d’entre vous l’ont souligné : on ne peut pas demander toujours plus à la sécurité sociale sans lui donner les recettes correspondantes.Au-delà de la proposition élaborée par les ministres et des sous-amendements, il nous faudra, dans les prochaines heures et les prochains jours – notamment pendant la conférence sociale qui s’ouvrira demain –, engager un débat de fond : comment financer la branche dépendance ? Pour l’instant, nous faisons comme si nous pouvions créer un impôt magique, à même de colmater le trou noir de la sécurité sociale.Bien entendu, nous notons les petits coups de griffe de M. Ciotti à M. Wauquiez, mais enfin, les Ehpad, ça compte ! Le service de maintien à domicile, ça compte aussi, monsieur Ciotti – vous qui avez été président d’un conseil départemental en même temps que moi, ou moi en même temps que vous. Les nouveaux services et les droits que nous devons ouvrir pour les personnes âgées, ça compte ! (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Le vieillissement de la population dans les équilibres globaux de la sécurité sociale, ça compte !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30025",
   "title": "Troisième séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081.xml",
   "source_sha256": "c71df8d55af40a6e08966b0761521125aaaca1914266de9eb8667d2c19987c23",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA643210",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Lecornu",
   "quality": "premier ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957173",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3957173"
   ],
   "order": 199,
   "text": "Ce que nous faisons ce soir n’est sans doute pas parfait. Mais, objectivement, c’est la première fois que nous affectons clairement une recette, sans le faire à l’aveugle – on peut certes en contester le montant global ou l’assiette. C’est un début, et cela nous permet d’aborder enfin une question clé pour l’avenir : le financement de la dépendance. Je ne doute pas, d’ailleurs, que celles et ceux qui vont s’opposer aujourd’hui à cette proposition iront ensuite affirmer que le financement de la dépendance et du vieillissement constitue un défi majeur. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem. – MM. Joël Aviragnet et Yannick Favennec-Bécot applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 6 bis (précédemment réservé - suite)",
   "article_id": "3955788",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 199,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N081-3957173",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 109,
   "annotation_id": "N620a28ef06e5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce que nous faisons ce soir n’est sans doute pas parfait. Mais, objectivement, c’est la première fois que nous affectons clairement une recette, sans le faire à l’aveugle – on peut certes en contester le montant global ou l’assiette. C’est un début, et cela nous permet d’aborder enfin une question clé pour l’avenir : le financement de la dépendance. Je ne doute pas, d’ailleurs, que celles et ceux qui vont s’opposer aujourd’hui à cette proposition iront ensuite affirmer que le financement de la dépendance et du vieillissement constitue un défi majeur. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731079",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731079"
   ],
   "order": 12,
   "text": "Même si nous ne soutenons pas le texte en l’état, il est important d’en débattre jusqu’au bout.Le présent amendement de notre collègue Christelle Petex vise à corriger une rédaction imprécise du point de vue juridique : en l’état, l’article exige que le patient prouve l’échec de sa recherche d’un médecin traitant, sans préciser les modalités de cette preuve. Il convient de remplacer les mots « ne parvient pas à désigner un » par les mots « est dépourvu de » et de préciser que l’assurance maladie transmet les coordonnées des structures territoriales à chaque assuré sans médecin traitant, afin de simplifier ses démarches. On ne peut pas constater qu’un patient n’a pas de médecin traitant et rester inactif, alors qu’on développe l’espace numérique de santé. Le rôle de l’État est aussi d’aider les patients.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 (suite) / ",
   "article": "Article 2 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731077",
   "amendment": "40",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 12,
   "amendments": [
    "40"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731079",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 134,
   "annotation_id": "Nf0dd56c227c4",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Même si nous ne soutenons pas le texte en l’état, il est important d’en débattre jusqu’au bout.Le présent amendement de notre collègue [PERSONNE] vise à corriger une rédaction imprécise du point de vue juridique : en l’état, l’article exige que le patient prouve l’échec de sa recherche d’un médecin traitant, sans préciser les modalités de cette preuve. Il convient de remplacer les mots « ne parvient pas à désigner un » par les mots « est dépourvu de » et de préciser que l’assurance maladie transmet les coordonnées des structures territoriales à chaque assuré sans médecin traitant, afin de simplifier ses démarches. On ne peut pas constater qu’un patient n’a pas de médecin traitant et rester inactif, alors qu’on développe l’espace numérique de santé. Le rôle de l’État est aussi d’aider les patients."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731082",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731082"
   ],
   "order": 15,
   "text": "Je rejoins vos préoccupations, monsieur le rapporteur général, mais je rappelle que la commission avait repoussé l’amendement que vous présentez. Je propose un sous-amendement qui précise la formulation trop large et juridiquement imprécise de « dépourvu de médecin traitant ». Celle que je suggère – lorsque le patient « a indiqué à son organisme gestionnaire de régime de base d’assurance maladie qu’aucun médecin n’accepte d’être désigné comme son » médecin traitant – conserve l’idée initiale du texte : supprimer la majoration du ticket modérateur en cas d’incapacité du patient à désigner un médecin traitant du fait de la désertification médicale. Je serai favorable à l’amendement s’il est sous-amendé.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 (suite) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 2 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731077",
   "amendment": "40",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 15,
   "amendments": [
    "40"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731082",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N6af31ea61950",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je rejoins vos préoccupations, monsieur le rapporteur général, mais je rappelle que la commission avait repoussé l’amendement que vous présentez. Je propose un sous-amendement qui précise la formulation trop large et juridiquement imprécise de « dépourvu de médecin traitant ». Celle que je suggère – lorsque le patient « a indiqué à son organisme gestionnaire de régime de base d’assurance maladie qu’aucun médecin n’accepte d’être désigné comme son » médecin traitant – conserve l’idée initiale du texte : supprimer la majoration du ticket modérateur en cas d’incapacité du patient à désigner un médecin traitant du fait de la désertification médicale. Je serai favorable à l’amendement s’il est sous-amendé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731086",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731086"
   ],
   "order": 19,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, je suis favorable à votre sous-amendement et je remercie le ministre de s’en remettre à nous. Si l’amendement sous-amendé est adopté, les députés du groupe Droite républicaine voteront l’article 2.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 2 (suite) /  / ",
   "article": "Article 2 (suite)",
   "article_id": "3731077",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 19,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731086",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "N8ff53575f081",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, je suis favorable à votre sous-amendement et je remercie le ministre de s’en remettre à nous. Si l’amendement sous-amendé est adopté, les députés du groupe [GROUPE] voteront l’article 2."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793632",
   "speaker": "Timothée Houssin",
   "quality": "M. Timothée Houssin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731096",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731096"
   ],
   "order": 29,
   "text": "Nous y sommes favorables, notamment parce qu’il crée une première année de médecine dans l’ensemble des départements de France. On a beaucoup débattu ici des conditions d’installation des médecins. Malgré nos divergences, on peut être tous d’accord sur un point : les étudiants en médecine s’installent en priorité là où ils ont des liens sociaux et familiaux. Les médecins susceptibles de remplir, demain, les déserts médicaux sont les jeunes de ces territoires. L’article 3 contribuera à les pousser à s’engager dans les études de médecine, qu’ils évitent parfois pour des raisons sociales et financières – dont l’éloignement du lieu des études.Avant la première année de médecine, il y a cependant le lycée. (Murmures.) En examinant la loi Valletoux, en décembre 2023,…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 29,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731096",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "Nd922e72f23ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous y sommes favorables, notamment parce qu’il crée une première année de médecine dans l’ensemble des départements de France. On a beaucoup débattu ici des conditions d’installation des médecins. Malgré nos divergences, on peut être tous d’accord sur un point : les étudiants en médecine s’installent en priorité là où ils ont des liens sociaux et familiaux. Les médecins susceptibles de remplir, demain, les déserts médicaux sont les jeunes de ces territoires. L’article 3 contribuera à les pousser à s’engager dans les études de médecine, qu’ils évitent parfois pour des raisons sociales et financières – dont l’éloignement du lieu des études.Avant la première année de médecine, il y a cependant le lycée. (Murmures.) En examinant la loi Valletoux, en décembre 2023,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793632",
   "speaker": "Timothée Houssin",
   "quality": "M. Timothée Houssin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731099",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731099"
   ],
   "order": 32,
   "text": "…nous avions voté la création d’une option santé dans les lycées de trois académies volontaires situées dans un désert médical. Il s’agissait d’amener des élèves de première et de terminale à suivre cette option dans le but de les orienter, eux et leurs parents, vers les études de médecine. L’idée avait recueilli un large consensus – je crois d’ailleurs, monsieur le ministre, que vous aviez voté cette disposition. Je souhaitais que la Normandie fasse partie des académies volontaires et expérimente le dispositif – j’avais pris contact avec le président de région et l’académie.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 32,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731099",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "Nba044274736a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…nous avions voté la création d’une option santé dans les lycées de trois académies volontaires situées dans un désert médical. Il s’agissait d’amener des élèves de première et de terminale à suivre cette option dans le but de les orienter, eux et leurs parents, vers les études de médecine. L’idée avait recueilli un large consensus – je crois d’ailleurs, monsieur le ministre, que vous aviez voté cette disposition. Je souhaitais que la Normandie fasse partie des académies volontaires et expérimente le dispositif – j’avais pris contact avec le président de région et l’académie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793632",
   "speaker": "Timothée Houssin",
   "quality": "M. Timothée Houssin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731102",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731102"
   ],
   "order": 35,
   "text": "Aujourd’hui, cependant, cette option santé est au point mort : un an et demi après le vote, rien n’a été instauré. Pouvez-vous, monsieur le ministre, nous en donner des nouvelles ? Où en est-on et quand déploiera-t-on enfin cette option santé souhaitée par une large majorité de députés ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 35,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731102",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "N4c02bfeeb0f8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Aujourd’hui, cependant, cette option santé est au point mort : un an et demi après le vote, rien n’a été instauré. Pouvez-vous, monsieur le ministre, nous en donner des nouvelles ? Où en est-on et quand déploiera-t-on enfin cette option santé souhaitée par une large majorité de députés ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731105",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731105"
   ],
   "order": 38,
   "text": "L’idée de permettre aux étudiants de réaliser la première année de formation en médecine, en pharmacie, en odontologie ou en maïeutique au sein des déserts médicaux est intéressante. Elle soulève cependant plusieurs questions.Des expérimentations sont en cours ; ont-elles déjà été évaluées ? J’ai auditionné plusieurs étudiants : ils adhèrent à l’idée, mais veulent s’assurer qu’ils auront les mêmes chances que les autres de réussir les concours à la fin de cette première année. Pouvez-vous garantir que les conditions d’une égalité des chances seront réunies ?Les universités ont l’air sceptiques. Lors de l’introduction du numerus apertus, elles n’ont pas forcément ouvert autant de places qu’elles auraient pu avec la suppression du numerus clausus. Peut-on s’assurer qu’elles contribueront aussi à cet aménagement du territoire ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 38,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731105",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 124,
   "annotation_id": "N15b98ac60316",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’idée de permettre aux étudiants de réaliser la première année de formation en médecine, en pharmacie, en odontologie ou en maïeutique au sein des déserts médicaux est intéressante. Elle soulève cependant plusieurs questions.Des expérimentations sont en cours ; ont-elles déjà été évaluées ? J’ai auditionné plusieurs étudiants : ils adhèrent à l’idée, mais veulent s’assurer qu’ils auront les mêmes chances que les autres de réussir les concours à la fin de cette première année. Pouvez-vous garantir que les conditions d’une égalité des chances seront réunies ?Les universités ont l’air sceptiques. Lors de l’introduction du numerus apertus, elles n’ont pas forcément ouvert autant de places qu’elles auraient pu avec la suppression du numerus clausus. Peut-on s’assurer qu’elles contribueront aussi à cet aménagement du territoire ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731109",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731109"
   ],
   "order": 42,
   "text": "L’option santé au lycée marche bien : en Aveyron, à Millau, une classe proposant cette option est ouverte depuis 2023. Les premiers étudiants qui en sont sortis sont déjà en première année de médecine et n’ont pas démissionné en novembre, comme cela arrive souvent.Je suis favorable à une première année au plus près des territoires ruraux, dans les chefs-lieux de départements ; mais il est surtout important que des étudiants en fin de cycle aillent dans nos territoires, dans nos hôpitaux, auprès des spécialistes. C’est là qu’on en a vraiment besoin, et c’est là qu’ils ont vraiment besoin de formation. C’est ainsi qu’ils resteront dans les déserts médicaux.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 42,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731109",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 108,
   "annotation_id": "N63268d633237",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’option santé au lycée marche bien : en Aveyron, à Millau, une classe proposant cette option est ouverte depuis 2023. Les premiers étudiants qui en sont sortis sont déjà en première année de médecine et n’ont pas démissionné en novembre, comme cela arrive souvent.Je suis favorable à une première année au plus près des territoires ruraux, dans les chefs-lieux de départements ; mais il est surtout important que des étudiants en fin de cycle aillent dans nos territoires, dans nos hôpitaux, auprès des spécialistes. C’est là qu’on en a vraiment besoin, et c’est là qu’ils ont vraiment besoin de formation. C’est ainsi qu’ils resteront dans les déserts médicaux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731112",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731112"
   ],
   "order": 45,
   "text": "Monsieur Houssin, il est en effet nécessaire de sensibiliser les futurs étudiants aux études médicales au moment de leur orientation. Celle-ci, pour les lycéens de l’éducation nationale, renvoie à une compétence régionale.Je préfère être honnête : je ne peux pas vous dire avec précision où en est l’expérimentation menée dans les trois régions sélectionnées ; mais je suis favorable à ces mesures de sensibilisation, comme à la création de premières années de médecine dans les départements. En effet, j’ai été pendant huit ans vice-président de région ; parmi mes compétences, j’avais notamment l’enseignement supérieur. Dans deux départements, l’Ain et l’Ardèche, nous avons créé des premières années de médecine qui donnent satisfaction. Le taux d’abandon n’est pas plus élevé qu’ailleurs – la réussite est peut-être même plus fréquente qu’en moyenne, comme le note M. Rousset.Forts de ces expérimentations locales, nous généralisons cette mesure dans le pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, présenté dans le Cantal fin avril. L’objectif, en renforçant les capacités d’accueil des universités et en jouant sur l’organisation, est de faire en sorte que chaque département ait une première année de médecine. Certains départements, en avance, pourraient même, à terme, se doter d’un premier cycle d’études de médecine – première, deuxième et troisième année.Cela nécessitera des moyens. Nous avons travaillé avec la conférence des doyens sur les postes à créer pour donner corps au dispositif. En décembre 2023, l’Assemblée a adopté la proposition de loi visant à améliorer l’accès aux soins, que j’avais déposée : elle prévoyait de supprimer le numerus apertus pour définir le nombre d’étudiants en fonction des besoins du territoire avant tout – et des capacités d’accueil des universités « à titre subsidiaire » ; lorsque ce texte entrera en vigueur, les universités bénéficieront d’un accompagnement qui leur fournira les moyens de former plus, mieux et partout.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 45,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731112",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 302,
   "annotation_id": "Ndba93f926484",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Houssin, il est en effet nécessaire de sensibiliser les futurs étudiants aux études médicales au moment de leur orientation. Celle-ci, pour les lycéens de l’éducation nationale, renvoie à une compétence régionale.Je préfère être honnête : je ne peux pas vous dire avec précision où en est l’expérimentation menée dans les trois régions sélectionnées ; mais je suis favorable à ces mesures de sensibilisation, comme à la création de premières années de médecine dans les départements. En effet, j’ai été pendant huit ans vice-président de région ; parmi mes compétences, j’avais notamment l’enseignement supérieur. Dans deux départements, l’Ain et l’Ardèche, nous avons créé des premières années de médecine qui donnent satisfaction. Le taux d’abandon n’est pas plus élevé qu’ailleurs – la réussite est peut-être même plus fréquente qu’en moyenne, comme le note M. Rousset.Forts de ces expérimentations locales, nous généralisons cette mesure dans le pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, présenté dans le Cantal fin avril. L’objectif, en renforçant les capacités d’accueil des universités et en jouant sur l’organisation, est de faire en sorte que chaque département ait une première année de médecine. Certains départements, en avance, pourraient même, à terme, se doter d’un premier cycle d’études de médecine – première, deuxième et troisième année.Cela nécessitera des moyens. Nous avons travaillé avec la conférence des doyens sur les postes à créer pour donner corps au dispositif. En décembre 2023, l’Assemblée a adopté la proposition de loi visant à améliorer l’accès aux soins, que j’avais déposée : elle prévoyait de supprimer le numerus apertus pour définir le nombre d’étudiants en fonction des besoins du territoire avant tout – et des capacités d’accueil des universités « à titre subsidiaire » ; lorsque ce texte entrera en vigueur, les universités bénéficieront d’un accompagnement qui leur fournira les moyens de former plus, mieux et partout."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731119",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731119"
   ],
   "order": 52,
   "text": "Avis favorable. Nous sommes attachés à la création d’un centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) en Corse. Le Sénat débat d’ailleurs aujourd’hui du sujet.Je voudrais dire un mot de la formation dans le cadre de cette première année de médecine. L’enjeu est essentiel et simple : permettre à des jeunes issus du milieu rural ou des quartiers populaires d’embrasser des études de médecine qu’ils s’interdisent parfois, estimant que l’établissement est trop éloigné de chez eux et que leur famille ne pourra pas les accompagner financièrement. C’est tout le sens de l’article 3.Je me réjouis que le gouvernement ait repris et développé cette idée : il devrait se montrer favorable aux amendements que nous lui soumettrons ce soir.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3 / ",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 52,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731119",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "Nb89120d8047d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avis favorable. Nous sommes attachés à la création d’un centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) en Corse. Le Sénat débat d’ailleurs aujourd’hui du sujet.Je voudrais dire un mot de la formation dans le cadre de cette première année de médecine. L’enjeu est essentiel et simple : permettre à des jeunes issus du milieu rural ou des quartiers populaires d’embrasser des études de médecine qu’ils s’interdisent parfois, estimant que l’établissement est trop éloigné de chez eux et que leur famille ne pourra pas les accompagner financièrement. C’est tout le sens de l’article 3.Je me réjouis que le gouvernement ait repris et développé cette idée : il devrait se montrer favorable aux amendements que nous lui soumettrons ce soir."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731124",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731124"
   ],
   "order": 57,
   "text": "Je suis tout à fait favorable à la création d’un CHU dans chaque région, notamment en Corse, mais cette décision est déjà prise : la proposition de loi Colombani a été adoptée à l’Assemblée nationale. Les alinéas 5 à 7 sont donc superfétatoires, car satisfaits.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 3 / ",
   "article": "Article 3",
   "article_id": "3731092",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 57,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731124",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "Ne6208cad0482",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis tout à fait favorable à la création d’un CHU dans chaque région, notamment en Corse, mais cette décision est déjà prise : la proposition de loi Colombani a été adoptée à l’Assemblée nationale. Les alinéas 5 à 7 sont donc superfétatoires, car satisfaits."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731181",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731181"
   ],
   "order": 67,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à inciter les étudiants en médecine à découvrir l’exercice libéral, afin de favoriser les installations. Il est nécessaire de produire un choc d’attractivité en faveur de la médecine libérale, sans quoi de moins en moins de médecins feront ce choix, préférant l’exercice salarié, le remplacement exclusif ou la télémédecine. Par ailleurs, il faut trouver les voies pour inciter les futurs ou jeunes médecins à s’installer partout sur le territoire. C’est le sens de cet amendement d’appel.Cependant, monsieur le ministre, je crois comprendre qu’un autre véhicule législatif – la proposition de loi du sénateur Philippe Mouiller – pourrait accueillir ces mesures.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 3 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "3731179",
   "amendment": "110",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 67,
   "amendments": [
    "110"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731181",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 103,
   "annotation_id": "N9a0241a8842d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à inciter les étudiants en médecine à découvrir l’exercice libéral, afin de favoriser les installations. Il est nécessaire de produire un choc d’attractivité en faveur de la médecine libérale, sans quoi de moins en moins de médecins feront ce choix, préférant l’exercice salarié, le remplacement exclusif ou la télémédecine. Par ailleurs, il faut trouver les voies pour inciter les futurs ou jeunes médecins à s’installer partout sur le territoire. C’est le sens de cet amendement d’appel.Cependant, monsieur le ministre, je crois comprendre qu’un autre véhicule législatif – la proposition de loi du sénateur [PERSONNE] – pourrait accueillir ces mesures."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731184",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731184"
   ],
   "order": 70,
   "text": "Vous proposez de créer, à destination des étudiants en médecine, un stage obligatoire en cabinet médical libéral ou en établissement de santé privé. Je crains que cette mesure n’apparaisse trop coercitive, et que vous créiez ainsi une contrainte que d’aucuns considéreront comme insupportable.Par ailleurs, vous risquez de déshabiller Pierre pour habiller Paul, en l’occurrence le secteur public hospitalier pour le secteur privé, alors que ce dernier ne participe toujours pas de façon systématique à la permanence des soins.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 3 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "3731179",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 70,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731184",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "N036dcfd24e54",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous proposez de créer, à destination des étudiants en médecine, un stage obligatoire en cabinet médical libéral ou en établissement de santé privé. Je crains que cette mesure n’apparaisse trop coercitive, et que vous créiez ainsi une contrainte que d’aucuns considéreront comme insupportable.Par ailleurs, vous risquez de déshabiller Pierre pour habiller Paul, en l’occurrence le secteur public hospitalier pour le secteur privé, alors que ce dernier ne participe toujours pas de façon systématique à la permanence des soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731191",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731191"
   ],
   "order": 77,
   "text": "…que ce soit dans un centre hospitalier universitaire ou dans un centre hospitalier périphérique disposant d’un agrément pour accueillir les internes.S’agissant de la forme juridique de la mesure, nul besoin de véhicule législatif : il est possible de procéder par voie réglementaire.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 3 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "3731179",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 77,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731191",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nc48ea7a2f56f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…que ce soit dans un centre hospitalier universitaire ou dans un centre hospitalier périphérique disposant d’un agrément pour accueillir les internes.S’agissant de la forme juridique de la mesure, nul besoin de véhicule législatif : il est possible de procéder par voie réglementaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731194",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731194"
   ],
   "order": 80,
   "text": "Je préfère que nous retravaillions le dispositif pour définir précisément les lieux de stage où il importe d’envoyer des internes : il peut s’agir d’établissements de santé privés d’intérêt collectif (Espic), de cliniques privées ou de plus petits établissements hospitaliers.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 3 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "3731179",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 80,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731194",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N56cd91d1389c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je préfère que nous retravaillions le dispositif pour définir précisément les lieux de stage où il importe d’envoyer des internes : il peut s’agir d’établissements de santé privés d’intérêt collectif (Espic), de cliniques privées ou de plus petits établissements hospitaliers."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731196",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731196"
   ],
   "order": 82,
   "text": "Nous obtiendrons ainsi une cartographie des lieux de stage agréés, ce qui permettra d’assurer un contenu pédagogique de qualité, comme nous le faisons à destination des internes de médecine générale pour lesquels nous travaillons étroitement avec le Collège national des généralistes enseignants (CNGE).",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 3 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "3731179",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 82,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731196",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N0e8dcb5dbfaa",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous obtiendrons ainsi une cartographie des lieux de stage agréés, ce qui permettra d’assurer un contenu pédagogique de qualité, comme nous le faisons à destination des internes de médecine générale pour lesquels nous travaillons étroitement avec le Collège national des généralistes enseignants (CNGE)."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731200",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731200"
   ],
   "order": 86,
   "text": "Je me réjouis que le ministre soit ouvert à la diversification des lieux de stage. L’appel ayant été entendu, je retire l’amendement.J’ajoute que se pose la question du lieu d’installation des docteurs juniors. Je sais que des décrets sont attendus en ce sens ; il importe de réussir cette étape, en prévoyant de véritables compensations.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 3 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "3731179",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 86,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731200",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "N32552317c89d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je me réjouis que le ministre soit ouvert à la diversification des lieux de stage. L’appel ayant été entendu, je retire l’amendement.J’ajoute que se pose la question du lieu d’installation des docteurs juniors. Je sais que des décrets sont attendus en ce sens ; il importe de réussir cette étape, en prévoyant de véritables compensations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841563",
   "speaker": "Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731205",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731205"
   ],
   "order": 91,
   "text": "Cet article vise à instaurer un service continu de soins en rétablissant l’obligation, pour l’ensemble des praticiens – salariés ou libéraux –, de participer à la permanence des soins ambulatoires (PDSA). Depuis 2002, la participation des médecins libéraux à ce dispositif repose sur le volontariat, sauf en cas de réquisition par le préfet.La suppression de cette obligation de permanence des soins, notamment en médecine de ville, est l’une des sources de l’engorgement des services d’urgences dans les hôpitaux, qui donne lieu à un accueil particulièrement précaire aboutissant à une perte de chances et, parfois, à des situations dramatiques.Si cette obligation de permanence des soins part d’une bonne intention – tenir la promesse d’un accès optimal et continu à une offre de soins –, nous vous alertons quant à son application, qui peut se révéler délicate. Nous avons déposé un amendement à ce sujet, afin de prendre en compte la situation particulière de certains professionnels de santé, tels que les femmes médecins enceintes ou les médecins retraités ayant repris une activité.De plus, je tiens à vous faire remarquer qu’à l’inverse des médecins hospitaliers, aucun repos compensatoire n’est prévu pour la médecine de ville.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 91,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731205",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 192,
   "annotation_id": "N42e9e9e9c1c7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article vise à instaurer un service continu de soins en rétablissant l’obligation, pour l’ensemble des praticiens – salariés ou libéraux –, de participer à la permanence des soins ambulatoires (PDSA). Depuis 2002, la participation des médecins libéraux à ce dispositif repose sur le volontariat, sauf en cas de réquisition par le préfet.La suppression de cette obligation de permanence des soins, notamment en médecine de ville, est l’une des sources de l’engorgement des services d’urgences dans les hôpitaux, qui donne lieu à un accueil particulièrement précaire aboutissant à une perte de chances et, parfois, à des situations dramatiques.Si cette obligation de permanence des soins part d’une bonne intention – tenir la promesse d’un accès optimal et continu à une offre de soins –, nous vous alertons quant à son application, qui peut se révéler délicate. Nous avons déposé un amendement à ce sujet, afin de prendre en compte la situation particulière de certains professionnels de santé, tels que les femmes médecins enceintes ou les médecins retraités ayant repris une activité.De plus, je tiens à vous faire remarquer qu’à l’inverse des médecins hospitaliers, aucun repos compensatoire n’est prévu pour la médecine de ville."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731212",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731212"
   ],
   "order": 98,
   "text": "L’article 4 est, avec l’article 1er, celui qui suscite le plus d’inquiétudes. Deux questions subsistent : n’allons-nous pas désinciter à l’installation ? Autre effet pernicieux et contre-productif, ceux qui travaillent beaucoup, jusqu’à 70 heures par semaine, ne finiront-ils pas par réduire leur temps médical si on les oblige à assurer la PDSA ? Le cas a été évoqué des femmes médecins enceintes, qui ont parfois besoin d’en être exemptées.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 98,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731212",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "N343968d85b6e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 4 est, avec l’article 1er, celui qui suscite le plus d’inquiétudes. Deux questions subsistent : n’allons-nous pas désinciter à l’installation ? Autre effet pernicieux et contre-productif, ceux qui travaillent beaucoup, jusqu’à 70 heures par semaine, ne finiront-ils pas par réduire leur temps médical si on les oblige à assurer la PDSA ? Le cas a été évoqué des femmes médecins enceintes, qui ont parfois besoin d’en être exemptées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731214",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731214"
   ],
   "order": 100,
   "text": "La question importante n’est pas celle du taux de participation à la PDSA ; c’est de savoir si celle-ci est assurée sur l’ensemble du territoire. Or 96 % ou 97 % du territoire est couvert : cela ne rend-il pas cet article inutile, voire contre-productif ? Ne faisons pas fausse route en prenant de telles mesures. J’ai peur…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 100,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731214",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "Nd3370a6f1a75",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La question importante n’est pas celle du taux de participation à la PDSA ; c’est de savoir si celle-ci est assurée sur l’ensemble du territoire. Or 96 % ou 97 % du territoire est couvert : cela ne rend-il pas cet article inutile, voire contre-productif ? Ne faisons pas fausse route en prenant de telles mesures. J’ai peur…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731218",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731218"
   ],
   "order": 104,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer l’article 4, qui rétablit la permanence des soins ambulatoires. Elle existe là où c’est possible. Si des territoires en sont dépourvus, c’est que les bras manquent pour l’assurer : la population et les praticiens ont vieilli. Rétablir cette permanence des soins obligerait certains professionnels, qui travaillent déjà 40 à 60 heures par semaine, à travailler le dimanche. Je ne suis pas certain que cela rende ces territoires attractifs.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 104,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731218",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N19cd64da6ab3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer l’article 4, qui rétablit la permanence des soins ambulatoires. Elle existe là où c’est possible. Si des territoires en sont dépourvus, c’est que les bras manquent pour l’assurer : la population et les praticiens ont vieilli. Rétablir cette permanence des soins obligerait certains professionnels, qui travaillent déjà 40 à 60 heures par semaine, à travailler le dimanche. Je ne suis pas certain que cela rende ces territoires attractifs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731221",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731221"
   ],
   "order": 107,
   "text": "Nous avons récemment évoqué la permanence des soins avec les représentants des syndicats de médecins : ils indiquent qu’au niveau national, près de 90 % du territoire sont couverts. Par ailleurs, ils nous demandent de faire confiance aux médecins, qui s’organisent en prenant en compte leurs différences d’âge et de capacité à assurer des gardes – certaines femmes enceintes n’en ont pas la possibilité.Les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé (CPTS), qui se déploient progressivement, permettent une organisation optimale de la permanence des soins ; nous considérons qu’il n’y a pas lieu de la réguler.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "2",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 107,
   "amendments": [
    "2"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731221",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "N673ab32d20a8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons récemment évoqué la permanence des soins avec les représentants des syndicats de médecins : ils indiquent qu’au niveau national, près de 90 % du territoire sont couverts. Par ailleurs, ils nous demandent de faire confiance aux médecins, qui s’organisent en prenant en compte leurs différences d’âge et de capacité à assurer des gardes – certaines femmes enceintes n’en ont pas la possibilité.Les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé (CPTS), qui se déploient progressivement, permettent une organisation optimale de la permanence des soins ; nous considérons qu’il n’y a pas lieu de la réguler."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731224"
   ],
   "order": 110,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Le rétablissement du caractère obligatoire de la permanence des soins est une nécessité. Ne serait-ce qu’au profit des services d’urgences : leur engorgement est évidemment lié à l’absence de permanence des soins, même s’il est vrai que dans certains départements, comme la Mayenne, les urgences se trouvent saturées alors que la permanence des soins remplit son office. Sur le terrain, nous constatons l’épuisement de ceux qui assurent cette permanence des soins, parce qu’ils sont trop peu nombreux : seule la moitié des médecins généralistes y participe.Le principe de l’article est simple : faire en sorte que tous les médecins assument cette permanence des soins, afin que la charge qui pèse sur chacun soit la moins lourde possible.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 110,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731224",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "N11f46ad6768a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Le rétablissement du caractère obligatoire de la permanence des soins est une nécessité. Ne serait-ce qu’au profit des services d’urgences : leur engorgement est évidemment lié à l’absence de permanence des soins, même s’il est vrai que dans certains départements, comme la Mayenne, les urgences se trouvent saturées alors que la permanence des soins remplit son office. Sur le terrain, nous constatons l’épuisement de ceux qui assurent cette permanence des soins, parce qu’ils sont trop peu nombreux : seule la moitié des médecins généralistes y participe.Le principe de l’article est simple : faire en sorte que tous les médecins assument cette permanence des soins, afin que la charge qui pèse sur chacun soit la moins lourde possible."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731229",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731229"
   ],
   "order": 115,
   "text": "Comme le rapporteur, je suis favorable à ce qu’on demande peu à beaucoup de médecins, afin d’éviter de demander beaucoup à peu de médecins. Cependant, mon expérience personnelle me conduit à soutenir ces amendements de suppression. J’ai été maire durant vingt ans et, pendant les premières années de mon mandat, nous n’avions pas suffisamment de médecins dans le territoire. Mais je me suis toujours opposé à la réquisition que proposait le préfet : si les futurs médecins susceptibles de s’installer dans un territoire en difficulté apprennent qu’ils y seront réquisitionnés plusieurs fois par mois, ils renoncent à venir. Progressivement, en évitant ces réquisitions dissuasives, et compte tenu de la pyramide des âges, de nouvelles installations ont eu lieu, et nous avons finalement pu assurer la permanence des soins.L’obligation de participer à la permanence des soins est donc très désincitative, à la fois pour les jeunes médecins qui voudraient s’installer, et pour les médecins plus âgés qui, passé la soixantaine, partiront plus tôt à la retraite s’ils se trouvent contraints d’assurer des gardes.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 115,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731229",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 172,
   "annotation_id": "N86d3c869c620",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Comme le rapporteur, je suis favorable à ce qu’on demande peu à beaucoup de médecins, afin d’éviter de demander beaucoup à peu de médecins. Cependant, mon expérience personnelle me conduit à soutenir ces amendements de suppression. J’ai été maire durant vingt ans et, pendant les premières années de mon mandat, nous n’avions pas suffisamment de médecins dans le territoire. Mais je me suis toujours opposé à la réquisition que proposait le préfet : si les futurs médecins susceptibles de s’installer dans un territoire en difficulté apprennent qu’ils y seront réquisitionnés plusieurs fois par mois, ils renoncent à venir. Progressivement, en évitant ces réquisitions dissuasives, et compte tenu de la pyramide des âges, de nouvelles installations ont eu lieu, et nous avons finalement pu assurer la permanence des soins.L’obligation de participer à la permanence des soins est donc très désincitative, à la fois pour les jeunes médecins qui voudraient s’installer, et pour les médecins plus âgés qui, passé la soixantaine, partiront plus tôt à la retraite s’ils se trouvent contraints d’assurer des gardes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731281",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731281"
   ],
   "order": 122,
   "text": "Je suis favorable aux amendements de suppression pour les raisons déjà exposées.J’appelle en outre votre attention sur les rapports annuels que publie le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins au sujet de la permanence des soins ambulatoires. En 2019, il estimait qu’elle était mal assurée, mais il a constaté depuis une forte amélioration : elle est désormais assurée dans 90 % du territoire.Ainsi, alors qu’il existe une dynamique favorable à la permanence des soins, vous allez la casser en cherchant à contraindre les personnes. La moitié des médecins vont partir à la retraite d’ici quelques années ; une grande partie d’entre eux sont d’un âge avancé, fatigués, avec une grosse clientèle : les obliger à assurer la permanence des soins, source de fatigue supplémentaire, ne les incitera pas à poursuivre leur activité alors que nous avons besoin d’eux.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 122,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731281",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 138,
   "annotation_id": "N04212d139eb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis favorable aux amendements de suppression pour les raisons déjà exposées.J’appelle en outre votre attention sur les rapports annuels que publie le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins au sujet de la permanence des soins ambulatoires. En 2019, il estimait qu’elle était mal assurée, mais il a constaté depuis une forte amélioration : elle est désormais assurée dans 90 % du territoire.Ainsi, alors qu’il existe une dynamique favorable à la permanence des soins, vous allez la casser en cherchant à contraindre les personnes. La moitié des médecins vont partir à la retraite d’ici quelques années ; une grande partie d’entre eux sont d’un âge avancé, fatigués, avec une grosse clientèle : les obliger à assurer la permanence des soins, source de fatigue supplémentaire, ne les incitera pas à poursuivre leur activité alors que nous avons besoin d’eux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731285",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731285"
   ],
   "order": 126,
   "text": "Le groupe La France insoumise s’opposera évidemment à ces amendements.Qu’est-ce que la permanence des soins ? Il s’agit d’accueillir la nuit, les jours fériés ou le week-end les personnes qui auraient la mauvaise idée de tomber malade en dehors des heures ouvrables, ce qui arrive évidemment à toutes et à tous. Alors qu’il est nécessaire – on en conviendra – de disposer d’une capacité d’accueil et de soins à ces moments-là, cette charge – nombre d’heures d’accueil et personnes accueillies – repose quasi exclusivement, à hauteur de 85 %, sur le service public. (M. Michel Lauzzana proteste.)Une autre part incombe aux praticiennes et aux praticiens libéraux dont un peu plus d’un tiers organise volontairement cette permanence des soins. Dans l’exposé des motifs de certains amendements puis lors de certaines interventions, on nous a dit que ce taux était passé de 38 à 39 % en deux ans. C’est formidable ! On n’a plus qu’à attendre : dans cent vingt ans, on sera à 100 % ! Ce n’est pas très sérieux…La permanence des soins a été supprimée en 2002. La couverture territoriale s’est-elle améliorée depuis ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 126,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731285",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 186,
   "annotation_id": "Na5e8bc96266e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] s’opposera évidemment à ces amendements.Qu’est-ce que la permanence des soins ? Il s’agit d’accueillir la nuit, les jours fériés ou le week-end les personnes qui auraient la mauvaise idée de tomber malade en dehors des heures ouvrables, ce qui arrive évidemment à toutes et à tous. Alors qu’il est nécessaire – on en conviendra – de disposer d’une capacité d’accueil et de soins à ces moments-là, cette charge – nombre d’heures d’accueil et personnes accueillies – repose quasi exclusivement, à hauteur de 85 %, sur le service public. (M. [PERSONNE] proteste.)Une autre part incombe aux praticiennes et aux praticiens libéraux dont un peu plus d’un tiers organise volontairement cette permanence des soins. Dans l’exposé des motifs de certains amendements puis lors de certaines interventions, on nous a dit que ce taux était passé de 38 à 39 % en deux ans. C’est formidable ! On n’a plus qu’à attendre : dans cent vingt ans, on sera à 100 % ! Ce n’est pas très sérieux…La permanence des soins a été supprimée en 2002. La couverture territoriale s’est-elle améliorée depuis ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731290",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731290"
   ],
   "order": 131,
   "text": "Non, elle s’est même encore détériorée l’an dernier dans quarante départements. Il y a urgence à empêcher cette dégradation d’un territoire à l’autre.Cela répond à une demande des patientes et des patients mais aussi – entendez-le ! – de ce tiers des praticiennes et des praticiens libéraux qui assurent la permanence des soins et qui ont besoin que cette contrainte soit mieux répartie. Cela diviserait leur charge de travail par trois : ils passeraient d’une permanence toutes les quatre ou six semaines à une toutes les quinze semaines. C’est une demande formulée par des soignantes et des soignants qui exercent dans des territoires où ils et elles sont trop peu nombreux à assurer cette tâche d’utilité publique pour répondre aux besoins de la population.Cela répond aussi à la question de l’attractivité car dire qu’il y aura trois fois moins de permanences à assurer permettra d’attirer trois fois plus de médecins sur le territoire.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 131,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731290",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 153,
   "annotation_id": "Nb86376e26060",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Non, elle s’est même encore détériorée l’an dernier dans quarante départements. Il y a urgence à empêcher cette dégradation d’un territoire à l’autre.Cela répond à une demande des patientes et des patients mais aussi – entendez-le ! – de ce tiers des praticiennes et des praticiens libéraux qui assurent la permanence des soins et qui ont besoin que cette contrainte soit mieux répartie. Cela diviserait leur charge de travail par trois : ils passeraient d’une permanence toutes les quatre ou six semaines à une toutes les quinze semaines. C’est une demande formulée par des soignantes et des soignants qui exercent dans des territoires où ils et elles sont trop peu nombreux à assurer cette tâche d’utilité publique pour répondre aux besoins de la population.Cela répond aussi à la question de l’attractivité car dire qu’il y aura trois fois moins de permanences à assurer permettra d’attirer trois fois plus de médecins sur le territoire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731294",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731294"
   ],
   "order": 135,
   "text": "Je voterai contre ces amendements de suppression. Jusqu’au début des années 2000, des gardes n’étaient-elles pas organisées nuit et jour sur le territoire national ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.)Deuxième élément, si l’hôpital public reçoit de plus en plus de patients, ce qui pose des difficultés, on ne peut s’arrêter à ce constat sans chercher des solutions.Le volontariat, c’est très bien, mais au bout d’un moment, les volontaires se découragent. S’il n’y a pas d’obligation, la crise s’amplifiera et il y aura moins de volontaires pour assurer cette permanence des soins. Il est impossible de faire reposer un modèle sur le seul volontariat.Qu’ils exercent dans le public ou dans le secteur privé, les médecins participent au service public territorial de santé. Pour moi, s’occuper des gens, les soigner, c’est un axe sociétal essentiel. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 135,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731294",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 147,
   "annotation_id": "N3ed1a57a8161",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voterai contre ces amendements de suppression. Jusqu’au début des années 2000, des gardes n’étaient-elles pas organisées nuit et jour sur le territoire national ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Deuxième élément, si l’hôpital public reçoit de plus en plus de patients, ce qui pose des difficultés, on ne peut s’arrêter à ce constat sans chercher des solutions.Le volontariat, c’est très bien, mais au bout d’un moment, les volontaires se découragent. S’il n’y a pas d’obligation, la crise s’amplifiera et il y aura moins de volontaires pour assurer cette permanence des soins. Il est impossible de faire reposer un modèle sur le seul volontariat.Qu’ils exercent dans le public ou dans le secteur privé, les médecins participent au service public territorial de santé. Pour moi, s’occuper des gens, les soigner, c’est un axe sociétal essentiel. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731342",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731342"
   ],
   "order": 140,
   "text": "Il existe de nombreuses manières d’exercer la médecine libérale. Il y a le modèle d’antan, celui du médecin de famille qui travaille jusqu’à 20 ou 21 heures, qui se déplace, qui peut être appelé le week-end. Lorsque vous êtes ainsi à la disposition de votre patientèle, vous assurez une permanence des soins vis-à-vis d’elle. Mais ce modèle tend à disparaître.D’autres modes d’exercice ont tendance à se développer, qui se caractérisent par des horaires très stricts. Aux personnes qui exercent dans ce cadre-là, on peut demander d’assurer la permanence des soins.Cet article est intéressant dans la mesure où il vise les médecins salariés, travaillant dans les centres de santé. Ces médecins salariés arrêtent à 17 heures ; ils travaillent 35 heures par semaine et n’ont pas du tout le même exercice que le médecin de famille qui exerce 60 ou 70 heures par semaine.Au regard de l’hétérogénéité des modes d’exercice de la médecine générale, je ne pense pas qu’on doive contraindre tout le monde. Dans mon département, récemment, les gendarmes sont arrivés chez une jeune femme médecin – qui avait cet exercice de médecin de famille, consacrant son temps à ses patients – pour lui remettre un arrêté de réquisition en vue de la contraindre à réaliser des gardes. Dégoûtée, elle s’est mise en arrêt de travail pendant un mois. La contrainte est-elle vraiment la solution ? Contraindre tout le monde, non ! Contraindre les salariés, pourquoi pas ?",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 140,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731342",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 238,
   "annotation_id": "N8a9768426479",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il existe de nombreuses manières d’exercer la médecine libérale. Il y a le modèle d’antan, celui du médecin de famille qui travaille jusqu’à 20 ou 21 heures, qui se déplace, qui peut être appelé le week-end. Lorsque vous êtes ainsi à la disposition de votre patientèle, vous assurez une permanence des soins vis-à-vis d’elle. Mais ce modèle tend à disparaître.D’autres modes d’exercice ont tendance à se développer, qui se caractérisent par des horaires très stricts. Aux personnes qui exercent dans ce cadre-là, on peut demander d’assurer la permanence des soins.Cet article est intéressant dans la mesure où il vise les médecins salariés, travaillant dans les centres de santé. Ces médecins salariés arrêtent à 17 heures ; ils travaillent 35 heures par semaine et n’ont pas du tout le même exercice que le médecin de famille qui exerce 60 ou 70 heures par semaine.Au regard de l’hétérogénéité des modes d’exercice de la médecine générale, je ne pense pas qu’on doive contraindre tout le monde. Dans mon département, récemment, les gendarmes sont arrivés chez une jeune femme médecin – qui avait cet exercice de médecin de famille, consacrant son temps à ses patients – pour lui remettre un arrêté de réquisition en vue de la contraindre à réaliser des gardes. Dégoûtée, elle s’est mise en arrêt de travail pendant un mois. La contrainte est-elle vraiment la solution ? Contraindre tout le monde, non ! Contraindre les salariés, pourquoi pas ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731307",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731307"
   ],
   "order": 148,
   "text": "Non, puisque 96 % des territoires sont couverts. Il demeure que 4 % ne le sont pas. Cet amendement propose d’y remédier.Philippe Vigier nous dit que qu’on ne peut pas se reposer sur le volontariat car la situation va être de plus en plus compliquée. Avec mon amendement, s’il s’avère que ce ne sont plus 4 %, mais 8 % des territoires qui posent un problème, nous pourrons le gérer.Le taux de participation des professionnels de santé n’est pas un critère suffisant pour évaluer de manière qualitative le fonctionnement de la PDSA. Dans certains départements, le taux de participation est faible – par exemple, il est de 9 % à Paris – sans qu’il y ait de difficulté à remplir les gardes. Il faut donc prendre en compte la diversité des territoires et je sais, monsieur le ministre, que vous y êtes très attentif. Je propose de modifier cet article en ne rétablissant l’obligation de permanence des soins ambulatoires que dans les départements où c’est nécessaire. Tel est le sens de l’amendement.Cela ne devrait pas poser de difficulté à ceux qui soutiennent la proposition de loi puisqu’en votant cet amendement ils obtiendront le résultat recherché par l’article 4 dans les départements où se pose le problème de la permanence des soins.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 148,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731307",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 211,
   "annotation_id": "Nb9364f3347f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Non, puisque 96 % des territoires sont couverts. Il demeure que 4 % ne le sont pas. Cet amendement propose d’y remédier.[PERSONNE] nous dit que qu’on ne peut pas se reposer sur le volontariat car la situation va être de plus en plus compliquée. Avec mon amendement, s’il s’avère que ce ne sont plus 4 %, mais 8 % des territoires qui posent un problème, nous pourrons le gérer.Le taux de participation des professionnels de santé n’est pas un critère suffisant pour évaluer de manière qualitative le fonctionnement de la PDSA. Dans certains départements, le taux de participation est faible – par exemple, il est de 9 % à Paris – sans qu’il y ait de difficulté à remplir les gardes. Il faut donc prendre en compte la diversité des territoires et je sais, monsieur le ministre, que vous y êtes très attentif. Je propose de modifier cet article en ne rétablissant l’obligation de permanence des soins ambulatoires que dans les départements où c’est nécessaire. Tel est le sens de l’amendement.Cela ne devrait pas poser de difficulté à ceux qui soutiennent la proposition de loi puisqu’en votant cet amendement ils obtiendront le résultat recherché par l’article 4 dans les départements où se pose le problème de la permanence des soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731315",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731315"
   ],
   "order": 155,
   "text": "…pour des raisons simples et très concrètes.Premièrement, vous exemptez du caractère obligatoire de la permanence des soins des départements dans lesquels elle ne fonctionne aujourd’hui qu’au prix de l’épuisement des quelques professionnels qui en assument l’effort au nom de tous les autres. Il y a là une question d’inégalité – et même d’efficacité – à traiter.En outre, il n’est pas certain que le département constitue l’échelon adéquat pour organiser les choses. Ainsi, dans la Meurthe-et-Moselle, que vous connaissez bien, il faut sans doute agir à l’échelle infradépartementale. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 155,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731315",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 89,
   "annotation_id": "N14dca8e87a2a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…pour des raisons simples et très concrètes.Premièrement, vous exemptez du caractère obligatoire de la permanence des soins des départements dans lesquels elle ne fonctionne aujourd’hui qu’au prix de l’épuisement des quelques professionnels qui en assument l’effort au nom de tous les autres. Il y a là une question d’inégalité – et même d’efficacité – à traiter.En outre, il n’est pas certain que le département constitue l’échelon adéquat pour organiser les choses. Ainsi, dans la Meurthe-et-Moselle, que vous connaissez bien, il faut sans doute agir à l’échelle infradépartementale. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731319",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731319"
   ],
   "order": 159,
   "text": "Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement ; à défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable. Vous voulez introduire une différenciation territoriale, mais les choses peuvent changer très vite, d’une année à l’autre, en fonction des départs en retraite et de l’arrivée, ou non, de nouveaux médecins.Je comprends l’esprit de votre amendement, mais il me paraît quand même vraiment difficile à mettre en œuvre. Avis défavorable. (M. Philippe Vigier applaudit.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 159,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731319",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Nb433ea246fc7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement ; à défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable. Vous voulez introduire une différenciation territoriale, mais les choses peuvent changer très vite, d’une année à l’autre, en fonction des départs en retraite et de l’arrivée, ou non, de nouveaux médecins.Je comprends l’esprit de votre amendement, mais il me paraît quand même vraiment difficile à mettre en œuvre. Avis défavorable. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731323",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731323"
   ],
   "order": 163,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement rédactionnel : il vise à préciser que l’ensemble des médecins, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes, libéraux ou salariés, sont concernés par le dispositif. Il est important de le rappeler et de l’écrire noir sur blanc.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "43 rectifié",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 163,
   "amendments": [
    "43 rectifié"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731323",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N3d329d19b490",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement rédactionnel : il vise à préciser que l’ensemble des médecins, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes, libéraux ou salariés, sont concernés par le dispositif. Il est important de le rappeler et de l’écrire noir sur blanc."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731330"
   ],
   "order": 170,
   "text": "L’amendement du rapporteur n’est pas vraiment un amendement rédactionnel puisqu’il soumet les spécialistes à la PDSA, alors qu’ils en étaient exemptés. Il est intéressant car il reprend un de mes amendements, adopté en commission, qui visait à inclure les médecins salariés dans le dispositif. Les médecins des centres de santé, généralistes ou spécialistes, qui se cantonnent souvent à 35 heures de travail, doivent être impliqués dans la permanence des soins, au même titre que les médecins libéraux.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 170,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731330",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "N5118925d9992",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement du rapporteur n’est pas vraiment un amendement rédactionnel puisqu’il soumet les spécialistes à la PDSA, alors qu’ils en étaient exemptés. Il est intéressant car il reprend un de mes amendements, adopté en commission, qui visait à inclure les médecins salariés dans le dispositif. Les médecins des centres de santé, généralistes ou spécialistes, qui se cantonnent souvent à 35 heures de travail, doivent être impliqués dans la permanence des soins, au même titre que les médecins libéraux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731334"
   ],
   "order": 174,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à préserver l’équilibre entre la continuité des soins et la prise en compte des situations particulières des professionnels de santé, tout en laissant la possibilité d’une participation volontaire à la permanence des soins.Si la permanence des soins ambulatoires est un élément fondamental du système de santé, garantissant un accès continu aux soins pour les usagers, son application doit tenir compte des contraintes spécifiques rencontrées par certains professionnels de santé. Les femmes enceintes doivent bénéficier d’un aménagement adapté à leur état afin de prévenir tout risque pour elles-mêmes et pour l’enfant à naître.Par ailleurs, des professionnels peuvent être confrontés à des limitations médicales ou physiques rendant difficile l’accomplissement de certaines missions.Plutôt qu’une exemption automatique liée à l’âge, il apparaît plus pertinent de confier cette évaluation aux ordres professionnels compétents, qui sont les mieux placés pour apprécier la capacité des soignants à assurer la PDSA. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Article 4 / ",
   "article": "Article 4",
   "article_id": "3731203",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 174,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731334",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 153,
   "annotation_id": "N86cb7cb96fbb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à préserver l’équilibre entre la continuité des soins et la prise en compte des situations particulières des professionnels de santé, tout en laissant la possibilité d’une participation volontaire à la permanence des soins.Si la permanence des soins ambulatoires est un élément fondamental du système de santé, garantissant un accès continu aux soins pour les usagers, son application doit tenir compte des contraintes spécifiques rencontrées par certains professionnels de santé. Les femmes enceintes doivent bénéficier d’un aménagement adapté à leur état afin de prévenir tout risque pour elles-mêmes et pour l’enfant à naître.Par ailleurs, des professionnels peuvent être confrontés à des limitations médicales ou physiques rendant difficile l’accomplissement de certaines missions.Plutôt qu’une exemption automatique liée à l’âge, il apparaît plus pertinent de confier cette évaluation aux ordres professionnels compétents, qui sont les mieux placés pour apprécier la capacité des soignants à assurer la PDSA. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731356"
   ],
   "order": 187,
   "text": "Garantissant un accès continu aux soins pour les usagers, la permanence des soins constitue le pivot de l’organisation du système de santé. Toutefois, sa mise en application doit tenir compte des réalités physiologiques et professionnelles des soignants : l’imposer sans distinction pourrait avoir des conséquences néfastes, notamment pour les femmes enceintes, dont l’état de santé nécessite une adaptation des conditions de travail en vue de prévenir tout risque pour elles et pour l’enfant à naître. De même, les professionnels de santé qui ont atteint l’âge de 60 ans…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 187,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731356",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "Ndbef2f86fbde",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Garantissant un accès continu aux soins pour les usagers, la permanence des soins constitue le pivot de l’organisation du système de santé. Toutefois, sa mise en application doit tenir compte des réalités physiologiques et professionnelles des soignants : l’imposer sans distinction pourrait avoir des conséquences néfastes, notamment pour les femmes enceintes, dont l’état de santé nécessite une adaptation des conditions de travail en vue de prévenir tout risque pour elles et pour l’enfant à naître. De même, les professionnels de santé qui ont atteint l’âge de 60 ans…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731358",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731358"
   ],
   "order": 189,
   "text": "…et mérité en conséquence de liquider leur retraite devraient être dispensés de cette obligation, compte tenu des difficultés de leur métier. Cet amendement vise donc à intégrer au texte une mesure de bon sens, conciliant continuité des soins et préservation des soignants les plus vulnérables, sans interdire pour autant, le cas échéant, leur participation volontaire à la permanence des soins. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "24",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 189,
   "amendments": [
    "24"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731358",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 67,
   "annotation_id": "Ne53b4cbb1d88",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…et mérité en conséquence de liquider leur retraite devraient être dispensés de cette obligation, compte tenu des difficultés de leur métier. Cet amendement vise donc à intégrer au texte une mesure de bon sens, conciliant continuité des soins et préservation des soignants les plus vulnérables, sans interdire pour autant, le cas échéant, leur participation volontaire à la permanence des soins. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731360",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731360"
   ],
   "order": 191,
   "text": "Même réponse, madame la députée, qu’au sujet de votre précédent amendement : celui-ci est également satisfait grâce au régime des inaptitudes, qui prévoit l’incapacité pour cause de grossesse, laquelle continuera bien évidemment de s’appliquer. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 191,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731360",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 36,
   "annotation_id": "Naeff185f5768",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Même réponse, madame la députée, qu’au sujet de votre précédent amendement : celui-ci est également satisfait grâce au régime des inaptitudes, qui prévoit l’incapacité pour cause de grossesse, laquelle continuera bien évidemment de s’appliquer. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731366",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731366"
   ],
   "order": 197,
   "text": "Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable. S’agissant des médecins itinérants, la création d’une réglementation incitative serait certes intéressante, mais il convient de renvoyer ce débat à l’examen du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 197,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731366",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N48573398978a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable. S’agissant des médecins itinérants, la création d’une réglementation incitative serait certes intéressante, mais il convient de renvoyer ce débat à l’examen du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731371",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731371"
   ],
   "order": 202,
   "text": "Je ne pense pas que ce texte règle le problème de la pénurie de médecins, donc de l’accès aux soins. Il faudrait adopter un ensemble de mesures puissantes : former davantage, libérer du temps à nos soignants, permettre à ceux qui ont été formés de faire le choix d’une installation en médecine libérale.Cet amendement d’appel vise à ce que soit évaluée, sous forme de rapport, l’opportunité de deux mesures. D’une part, l’introduction de modules préparatoires au concours de première année de médecine au sein des classes de première et de terminale des départements en grande difficulté d’accès aux soins ; la crise des vocations étant d’autant plus forte dans les déserts médicaux, il serait intéressant d’y créer plus particulièrement les conditions de la réussite. D’autre part, l’expérimentation d’un statut d’assistant territorial pour les médecins, quelle que soit leur spécialité, ayant achevé leur formation à l’issue de leur internat et qui se porteraient volontaires pour exercer, un ou deux ans durant, dans une zone sous-dotée.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "101",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 202,
   "amendments": [
    "101"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731371",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 164,
   "annotation_id": "N2feeec4bfdc8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne pense pas que ce texte règle le problème de la pénurie de médecins, donc de l’accès aux soins. Il faudrait adopter un ensemble de mesures puissantes : former davantage, libérer du temps à nos soignants, permettre à ceux qui ont été formés de faire le choix d’une installation en médecine libérale.Cet amendement d’appel vise à ce que soit évaluée, sous forme de rapport, l’opportunité de deux mesures. D’une part, l’introduction de modules préparatoires au concours de première année de médecine au sein des classes de première et de terminale des départements en grande difficulté d’accès aux soins ; la crise des vocations étant d’autant plus forte dans les déserts médicaux, il serait intéressant d’y créer plus particulièrement les conditions de la réussite. D’autre part, l’expérimentation d’un statut d’assistant territorial pour les médecins, quelle que soit leur spécialité, ayant achevé leur formation à l’issue de leur internat et qui se porteraient volontaires pour exercer, un ou deux ans durant, dans une zone sous-dotée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731373",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731373"
   ],
   "order": 205,
   "text": "Je suis très réservé au sujet de ces rapports qui sont de plus en plus souvent demandés et n’aboutissent pas toujours, tant s’en faut. Quant au fond, la situation est documentée : notre groupe transpartisan a travaillé en ce sens, la commission d’enquête relative à l’organisation du système de santé et aux difficultés d’accès aux soins se penche sur le problème. Nous disposons de données qui nous permettent de légiférer en toute connaissance de cause. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 205,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731373",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 77,
   "annotation_id": "Nc9e3373e16b4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très réservé au sujet de ces rapports qui sont de plus en plus souvent demandés et n’aboutissent pas toujours, tant s’en faut. Quant au fond, la situation est documentée : notre groupe transpartisan a travaillé en ce sens, la commission d’enquête relative à l’organisation du système de santé et aux difficultés d’accès aux soins se penche sur le problème. Nous disposons de données qui nous permettent de légiférer en toute connaissance de cause. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731375",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731375"
   ],
   "order": 207,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, je conçois le sens de votre amendement, qui porte sur deux éléments essentiels. Compte tenu du déficit numérique des professionnels de santé, nous souhaitons, en lien avec le ministère de l’éducation nationale et les dispositifs d’orientation des régions, généraliser la sensibilisation au sein des classes de première et de terminale : cette volonté vaut non seulement pour la formation médicale, mais pour toutes les formations paramédicales ainsi que la pharmacie ou l’odontologie. C’est en train de se faire ! Sur ce point, l’amendement est donc satisfait.Quant à votre seconde proposition, des postes d’assistant spécialisé existent déjà ; afin de favoriser les installations, je travaille plutôt en ce moment à la création de postes d’assistant de territoire, dans la continuité des docteurs juniors et dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux. Par conséquent, je demande le retrait de l’amendement ; à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 207,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731375",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 151,
   "annotation_id": "N1c5734703e7a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, je conçois le sens de votre amendement, qui porte sur deux éléments essentiels. Compte tenu du déficit numérique des professionnels de santé, nous souhaitons, en lien avec le ministère de l’éducation nationale et les dispositifs d’orientation des régions, généraliser la sensibilisation au sein des classes de première et de terminale : cette volonté vaut non seulement pour la formation médicale, mais pour toutes les formations paramédicales ainsi que la pharmacie ou l’odontologie. C’est en train de se faire ! Sur ce point, l’amendement est donc satisfait.Quant à votre seconde proposition, des postes d’assistant spécialisé existent déjà ; afin de favoriser les installations, je travaille plutôt en ce moment à la création de postes d’assistant de territoire, dans la continuité des docteurs juniors et dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux. Par conséquent, je demande le retrait de l’amendement ; à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720256",
   "speaker": "Géraldine Bannier",
   "quality": "Mme Géraldine Bannier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731379",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731379"
   ],
   "order": 211,
   "text": "Il prévoit que « le gouvernement remet au Parlement, avant le 1er janvier 2026, un rapport sur la possibilité, dans les zones où existe une première année du premier cycle des formations de médecine, de pharmacie, d’odontologie et de maïeutique, de proposer une deuxième année ». Le rapporteur l’a dit, la première année de médecine fonctionne parfois fort bien : en Mayenne, les résultats sont supérieurs à la moyenne nationale. Il n’y a donc aucune raison de ne pas en instaurer une deuxième ; ce serait important pour les jeunes issus de milieux défavorisés, qui peuvent avoir peur de s’établir dans une grande ville, loin de l’endroit où se situe leur lycée, et pour qui il n’est pas non plus évident d’envisager dix ans d’études. Là où la première année fonctionne très bien, je le répète, nous devons impérativement encourager la possibilité d’une deuxième.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "15",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 211,
   "amendments": [
    "15"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731379",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 144,
   "annotation_id": "N0e9d33518735",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il prévoit que « le gouvernement remet au Parlement, avant le 1er janvier 2026, un rapport sur la possibilité, dans les zones où existe une première année du premier cycle des formations de médecine, de pharmacie, d’odontologie et de maïeutique, de proposer une deuxième année ». Le rapporteur l’a dit, la première année de médecine fonctionne parfois fort bien : en Mayenne, les résultats sont supérieurs à la moyenne nationale. Il n’y a donc aucune raison de ne pas en instaurer une deuxième ; ce serait important pour les jeunes issus de milieux défavorisés, qui peuvent avoir peur de s’établir dans une grande ville, loin de l’endroit où se situe leur lycée, et pour qui il n’est pas non plus évident d’envisager dix ans d’études. Là où la première année fonctionne très bien, je le répète, nous devons impérativement encourager la possibilité d’une deuxième."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731381",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731381"
   ],
   "order": 213,
   "text": "Peut-être conviendrait-il d’évaluer d’abord la première année là où elle existe, même si nous souhaitons généraliser ces bonnes pratiques et ouvrir largement les études de médecine à des élèves qui, aujourd’hui, se les interdisent. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, sagesse.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 213,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731381",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Ndd0a5084ce9a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Peut-être conviendrait-il d’évaluer d’abord la première année là où elle existe, même si nous souhaitons généraliser ces bonnes pratiques et ouvrir largement les études de médecine à des élèves qui, aujourd’hui, se les interdisent. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, sagesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731383",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731383"
   ],
   "order": 215,
   "text": "Je vous comprends parfaitement, madame la députée, puisque, comme je l’ai dit tout à l’heure, il y a dans les territoires des premières années qui se passent très bien ; pourquoi pas une deuxième année, voire une troisième ? J’ai grande envie d’émettre un avis favorable, mais je ne le ferai pas, pour une simple et bonne raison : nous avons force discussions avec le ministre de l’enseignement supérieur au sujet de la réforme du système Pass-LAS – parcours d’accès spécifique santé et licence accès santé. Il y a eu là beaucoup de reports juridiques, et vous savez que je ne valide pas, pour ma part, cette façon de sélectionner les étudiants. Si nous voulons être tout à fait logiques, cela ne présenterait guère de sens de convenir d’un rapport en vue de l’évaluation d’un système qui sera bientôt réformé afin de mieux tenir compte des besoins et surtout, à terme, de supprimer le numerus apertus, augmentant ainsi les capacités. Cela n’entache en rien notre volonté, dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, d’instaurer partout une première année…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 215,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731383",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 182,
   "annotation_id": "N870feea39ed5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous comprends parfaitement, madame la députée, puisque, comme je l’ai dit tout à l’heure, il y a dans les territoires des premières années qui se passent très bien ; pourquoi pas une deuxième année, voire une troisième ? J’ai grande envie d’émettre un avis favorable, mais je ne le ferai pas, pour une simple et bonne raison : nous avons force discussions avec le ministre de l’enseignement supérieur au sujet de la réforme du système Pass-LAS – parcours d’accès spécifique santé et licence accès santé. Il y a eu là beaucoup de reports juridiques, et vous savez que je ne valide pas, pour ma part, cette façon de sélectionner les étudiants. Si nous voulons être tout à fait logiques, cela ne présenterait guère de sens de convenir d’un rapport en vue de l’évaluation d’un système qui sera bientôt réformé afin de mieux tenir compte des besoins et surtout, à terme, de supprimer le numerus apertus, augmentant ainsi les capacités. Cela n’entache en rien notre volonté, dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, d’instaurer partout une première année…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731388",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731388"
   ],
   "order": 220,
   "text": "Nous nous occupons beaucoup de l’organisation du système de santé, de son financement, mais les acteurs ne sont pas forcément au fait de ce dont nous parlons. Il importe de les responsabiliser, à commencer par les professionnels de santé ; la moindre des choses serait que leurs études comportent un module consacré à cette organisation, à ce financement, qu’il s’agisse de l’hospitalisation, des médicaments, des transports. Je le répète, si nous voulons responsabiliser les médecins, il convient avant tout qu’ils soient au courant. Cet amendement consiste donc en une demande de rapport évaluant l’opportunité d’introduire un tel module de formation.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "20",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 220,
   "amendments": [
    "20"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731388",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "Ncdfa6229e0e2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous occupons beaucoup de l’organisation du système de santé, de son financement, mais les acteurs ne sont pas forcément au fait de ce dont nous parlons. Il importe de les responsabiliser, à commencer par les professionnels de santé ; la moindre des choses serait que leurs études comportent un module consacré à cette organisation, à ce financement, qu’il s’agisse de l’hospitalisation, des médicaments, des transports. Je le répète, si nous voulons responsabiliser les médecins, il convient avant tout qu’ils soient au courant. Cet amendement consiste donc en une demande de rapport évaluant l’opportunité d’introduire un tel module de formation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731390",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731390"
   ],
   "order": 222,
   "text": "Avis défavorable par principe, s’agissant, encore une fois, de cette multiplication des demandes de rapport. En outre, je crains que le sujet de la formation de nos futurs médecins ne soit abordé que sous un seul angle, alors que c’est l’ensemble de cette formation qu’il convient de remettre sur le métier, de repenser ; il s’agit là d’une évidence, du moins d’une forte demande des étudiants en médecine. L’approche doit être cohérente et globale, non parcellaire.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 222,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731390",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N30d9ceebb98e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable par principe, s’agissant, encore une fois, de cette multiplication des demandes de rapport. En outre, je crains que le sujet de la formation de nos futurs médecins ne soit abordé que sous un seul angle, alors que c’est l’ensemble de cette formation qu’il convient de remettre sur le métier, de repenser ; il s’agit là d’une évidence, du moins d’une forte demande des étudiants en médecine. L’approche doit être cohérente et globale, non parcellaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731392",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731392"
   ],
   "order": 224,
   "text": "J’entends le message que vous souhaitez faire passer : ces dix années d’études de médecine, très orientées vers une carrière hospitalière, ne sont pas en lien avec l’activité libérale. L’un des freins à l’installation en ville réside dans le fait que nous ne préparons pas tellement nos médecins à être des chefs d’entreprise – ce qu’ils sont aussi, d’une certaine manière –, à gérer l’emploi de secrétaires, d’assistants médicaux, à évaluer les politiques de prévention ou savoir combien coûte un bon de transport. Je partage donc votre opinion sur le fond ; peut-être les modules ont-ils beaucoup évolué, mais cela ne mangerait pas de pain de faire le point et d’affirmer qu’à l’enseignement académique de la médecine doit s’ajouter la question de sa pratique, ce qui constitue le sens de votre amendement. Avis favorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 224,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731392",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 134,
   "annotation_id": "Ne367da936c4a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’entends le message que vous souhaitez faire passer : ces dix années d’études de médecine, très orientées vers une carrière hospitalière, ne sont pas en lien avec l’activité libérale. L’un des freins à l’installation en ville réside dans le fait que nous ne préparons pas tellement nos médecins à être des chefs d’entreprise – ce qu’ils sont aussi, d’une certaine manière –, à gérer l’emploi de secrétaires, d’assistants médicaux, à évaluer les politiques de prévention ou savoir combien coûte un bon de transport. Je partage donc votre opinion sur le fond ; peut-être les modules ont-ils beaucoup évolué, mais cela ne mangerait pas de pain de faire le point et d’affirmer qu’à l’enseignement académique de la médecine doit s’ajouter la question de sa pratique, ce qui constitue le sens de votre amendement. Avis favorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720256",
   "speaker": "Géraldine Bannier",
   "quality": "Mme Géraldine Bannier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731395",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731395"
   ],
   "order": 227,
   "text": "Deuxième chance pour la députée de la Mayenne ! Cet amendement est issu de ceux que je dépose depuis 2019, prolongés par une proposition de loi qu’ont signée soixante députés. Il s’agit d’une demande de rapport visant à ce que soit étudiée l’instauration pour les jeunes médecins qui viennent d’obtenir leur diplôme d’État d’un service médical citoyen, fondé sur le volontariat, partout où nous aurons des places – maisons de santé, centres de santé, car il s’y trouve des postes vacants, bien que les collectivités investissent beaucoup. Les étudiants en médecine y sont favorables, les internes également ; nous avons le soutien de l’Académie de médecine, à qui le service médical citoyen doit cette appellation. (Mme Stella Dupont applaudit.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "14",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 227,
   "amendments": [
    "14"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731395",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 119,
   "annotation_id": "Ne7616d095e3d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Deuxième chance pour la députée de la Mayenne ! Cet amendement est issu de ceux que je dépose depuis 2019, prolongés par une proposition de loi qu’ont signée soixante députés. Il s’agit d’une demande de rapport visant à ce que soit étudiée l’instauration pour les jeunes médecins qui viennent d’obtenir leur diplôme d’État d’un service médical citoyen, fondé sur le volontariat, partout où nous aurons des places – maisons de santé, centres de santé, car il s’y trouve des postes vacants, bien que les collectivités investissent beaucoup. Les étudiants en médecine y sont favorables, les internes également ; nous avons le soutien de l’Académie de médecine, à qui le service médical citoyen doit cette appellation. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731432",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731432"
   ],
   "order": 231,
   "text": "Sachez que, dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, nous allons créer un statut de praticien territorial de médecine ambulatoire. Une fois que les docteurs juniors auront effectué leur année, ils pourront poursuivre avec un statut de praticien. Cet amendement est cohérent avec les dispositions prévues dans ce pacte. Je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 231,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731432",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "Nffc5610fcf37",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sachez que, dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, nous allons créer un statut de praticien territorial de médecine ambulatoire. Une fois que les docteurs juniors auront effectué leur année, ils pourront poursuivre avec un statut de praticien. Cet amendement est cohérent avec les dispositions prévues dans ce pacte. Je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731435"
   ],
   "order": 234,
   "text": "Cet amendement propose la remise d’un rapport du gouvernement portant sur la suppression du médecin traitant ou du médecin référent. Compte tenu de la pénurie actuelle de médecins généralistes, de plus en plus de Français se retrouvent sans médecin traitant. L’idée de définir un médecin traitant ou un médecin référent était d’éviter le nomadisme médical ; force est de constater que l’objectif n’a pas été atteint.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "16",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 234,
   "amendments": [
    "16"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731435",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "Nb5c6079041a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement propose la remise d’un rapport du gouvernement portant sur la suppression du médecin traitant ou du médecin référent. Compte tenu de la pénurie actuelle de médecins généralistes, de plus en plus de Français se retrouvent sans médecin traitant. L’idée de définir un médecin traitant ou un médecin référent était d’éviter le nomadisme médical ; force est de constater que l’objectif n’a pas été atteint."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731437",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731437"
   ],
   "order": 236,
   "text": "La commission avait également repoussé cette demande de rapport, arguant du fait que le médecin traitant doit rester au centre de notre système de santé. Un tel rapport viendrait finalement contredire cette conviction partagée même si, nous le savons bien, ce système fondé sur le médecin traitant est perfectible. Nous devons évoluer et travailler sur des pistes d’amélioration permettant de promouvoir le partage de pratiques ou les délégations de compétences pour le renforcer.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 236,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731437",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 73,
   "annotation_id": "N9570eb63ab4d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La commission avait également repoussé cette demande de rapport, arguant du fait que le médecin traitant doit rester au centre de notre système de santé. Un tel rapport viendrait finalement contredire cette conviction partagée même si, nous le savons bien, ce système fondé sur le médecin traitant est perfectible. Nous devons évoluer et travailler sur des pistes d’amélioration permettant de promouvoir le partage de pratiques ou les délégations de compétences pour le renforcer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731439",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731439"
   ],
   "order": 238,
   "text": "Je suis très défavorable à cet amendement. La rédaction d’un rapport proposant la suppression du médecin traitant n’est pas souhaitable. Je crois au contraire qu’il est temps de rappeler que nous avons besoin de médecins traitants dans ce pays, et qu’il faut en former davantage, parce qu’ils jouent un rôle fondamental.Notre objectif est de lutter contre l’inefficience de certains actes médicaux, contre la reproduction d’ordonnances ou de prescriptions de biologie, qui pèsent sur le budget de la sécurité sociale. Or, si ces phénomènes existent, c’est souvent parce que nos concitoyens s’adressent à plusieurs professionnels de santé qui, à la différence du médecin traitant, ne connaissent pas l’intégralité de leur dossier médical.Je ne veux pas d’un rapport qui acterait l’enterrement du médecin traitant ; je préférerais disposer d’un rapport permettant d’en former davantage, et mieux, partout dans le territoire. C’est justement l’objet du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 238,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731439",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 149,
   "annotation_id": "N63edbd78d4b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très défavorable à cet amendement. La rédaction d’un rapport proposant la suppression du médecin traitant n’est pas souhaitable. Je crois au contraire qu’il est temps de rappeler que nous avons besoin de médecins traitants dans ce pays, et qu’il faut en former davantage, parce qu’ils jouent un rôle fondamental.Notre objectif est de lutter contre l’inefficience de certains actes médicaux, contre la reproduction d’ordonnances ou de prescriptions de biologie, qui pèsent sur le budget de la sécurité sociale. Or, si ces phénomènes existent, c’est souvent parce que nos concitoyens s’adressent à plusieurs professionnels de santé qui, à la différence du médecin traitant, ne connaissent pas l’intégralité de leur dossier médical.Je ne veux pas d’un rapport qui acterait l’enterrement du médecin traitant ; je préférerais disposer d’un rapport permettant d’en former davantage, et mieux, partout dans le territoire. C’est justement l’objet du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731444",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731444"
   ],
   "order": 243,
   "text": "J’anticipe votre réponse. Je pense aussi que l’abus de rapports nuit à la santé démocratique. L’important, c’est de leur donner suite. Ces amendements sont donc plutôt des amendements d’appel – d’appel au gouvernement.Certes, la proposition de loi contient plusieurs mesures – dont certaines peinent d’ailleurs à me convaincre – mais d’autres sont nécessaires si l’on veut vraiment lutter contre les déserts médicaux et ne pas risquer d’aggraver encore la situation. La question de l’accès aux soins excède celle de l’accès aux médecins généralistes. L’accès à certaines spécialités est tout aussi nécessaire : je pense par exemple à l’imagerie et à la biologie.Monsieur le ministre, pourrait-on réfléchir à l’opportunité d’instituer un statut spécifique pour le plateau d’imagerie médicale ambulatoire de proximité ? Certaines régions bénéficient déjà d’un maillage territorial de proximité, du fait d’une nouvelle modalité d’organisation. La création d’un statut propre conférerait un cadre légal au modèle, réduirait les délais et garantirait un accès de proximité à l’imagerie.C’est un enjeu de prévention. On sait bien que lorsqu’on a un maillage de proximité efficace, on a une prévention efficace. Je prendrai l’exemple du dépistage du cancer du sein. À ce jour, seules 50 % des femmes invitées au dépistage entre 50 et 75 ans s’y rendent effectivement. Ce taux de participation est notamment lié à l’accessibilité des cabinets de proximité. Ce n’est pas satisfaisant ; nous devons progresser.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "100",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 243,
   "amendments": [
    "100"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731444",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 227,
   "annotation_id": "N8b9b9222c865",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’anticipe votre réponse. Je pense aussi que l’abus de rapports nuit à la santé démocratique. L’important, c’est de leur donner suite. Ces amendements sont donc plutôt des amendements d’appel – d’appel au gouvernement.Certes, la proposition de loi contient plusieurs mesures – dont certaines peinent d’ailleurs à me convaincre – mais d’autres sont nécessaires si l’on veut vraiment lutter contre les déserts médicaux et ne pas risquer d’aggraver encore la situation. La question de l’accès aux soins excède celle de l’accès aux médecins généralistes. L’accès à certaines spécialités est tout aussi nécessaire : je pense par exemple à l’imagerie et à la biologie.Monsieur le ministre, pourrait-on réfléchir à l’opportunité d’instituer un statut spécifique pour le plateau d’imagerie médicale ambulatoire de proximité ? Certaines régions bénéficient déjà d’un maillage territorial de proximité, du fait d’une nouvelle modalité d’organisation. La création d’un statut propre conférerait un cadre légal au modèle, réduirait les délais et garantirait un accès de proximité à l’imagerie.C’est un enjeu de prévention. On sait bien que lorsqu’on a un maillage de proximité efficace, on a une prévention efficace. Je prendrai l’exemple du dépistage du cancer du sein. À ce jour, seules 50 % des femmes invitées au dépistage entre 50 et 75 ans s’y rendent effectivement. Ce taux de participation est notamment lié à l’accessibilité des cabinets de proximité. Ce n’est pas satisfaisant ; nous devons progresser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731454",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731454"
   ],
   "order": 248,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, vous avez vous-même fort bien répondu à la question que vous posez. (Sourires.) Faut-il multiplier le nombre de rapports ? Nous n’en sommes absolument pas convaincus, d’autant que votre amendement porte sur un point très spécifique qui ne mérite pas nécessairement la rédaction d’un rapport dédié.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 248,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731454",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 50,
   "annotation_id": "Nfa5140a8f993",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, vous avez vous-même fort bien répondu à la question que vous posez. (Sourires.) Faut-il multiplier le nombre de rapports ? Nous n’en sommes absolument pas convaincus, d’autant que votre amendement porte sur un point très spécifique qui ne mérite pas nécessairement la rédaction d’un rapport dédié."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731460"
   ],
   "order": 254,
   "text": "Je vous remercie de le rappeler. C’est un sujet important. Vous l’avez dit, dans le cas du cancer du sein, le taux de dépistage de la population-cible s’élève à environ 50 %. Nous avons donc des marges d’amélioration. Il faut naturellement accentuer les campagnes de prévention et favoriser par tous les moyens l’accès à la mammographie.Du reste, aucun obstacle juridique ne bloque la possibilité de créer un plateau d’imagerie médicale ambulatoire de proximité. Votre amendement me paraissant satisfait, je vous invite à le retirer. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 254,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731460",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "Ncbbc8a67b9de",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie de le rappeler. C’est un sujet important. Vous l’avez dit, dans le cas du cancer du sein, le taux de dépistage de la population-cible s’élève à environ 50 %. Nous avons donc des marges d’amélioration. Il faut naturellement accentuer les campagnes de prévention et favoriser par tous les moyens l’accès à la mammographie.Du reste, aucun obstacle juridique ne bloque la possibilité de créer un plateau d’imagerie médicale ambulatoire de proximité. Votre amendement me paraissant satisfait, je vous invite à le retirer. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794206",
   "speaker": "Christophe Marion",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Marion",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731464",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731464"
   ],
   "order": 258,
   "text": "La demande de rapport que je formule par cet amendement est un moyen de vous interpeller sur les assouplissements qui pourraient être apportés à l’exercice de la télémédecine dans le but de permettre un meilleur accès aux soins dans les territoires sous-dotés.Évidemment, je n’appelle pas à déréguler le secteur de la téléconsultation ; l’accord trouvé entre les parties prenantes et l’assurance maladie est précieux, et il est impératif d’utiliser la télémédecine avec modération pour profiter de ses avantages sans dégrader l’offre de soins ou nuire au suivi des patients. Il est notamment indispensable de ne pas déroger à certaines conditions, telle que l’alternance de rendez-vous en présentiel et en distanciel.Néanmoins, des exceptions à d’autres conditions existent déjà et permettent de tenir compte des difficultés d’accès aux soins. Je pense aux dérogations permises au respect du parcours de soins coordonnés et au respect de la territorialité pour les patients ne disposant pas de médecins traitants ou pour les patients résidant dans les zones d’intervention prioritaires.Dans le même esprit, nous pourrions réfléchir à des dérogations à une autre condition : la limitation de l’exercice de la télémédecine à 20 % maximum du volume d’activité d’un médecin. Ce niveau pourrait par exemple être dépassé pour les médecins qui réalisent des consultations à destination de personnes résidant dans un désert médical, ou pour les médecins retraités.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "54",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 258,
   "amendments": [
    "54"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731464",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 222,
   "annotation_id": "N64c49a51bf8c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La demande de rapport que je formule par cet amendement est un moyen de vous interpeller sur les assouplissements qui pourraient être apportés à l’exercice de la télémédecine dans le but de permettre un meilleur accès aux soins dans les territoires sous-dotés.Évidemment, je n’appelle pas à déréguler le secteur de la téléconsultation ; l’accord trouvé entre les parties prenantes et l’assurance maladie est précieux, et il est impératif d’utiliser la télémédecine avec modération pour profiter de ses avantages sans dégrader l’offre de soins ou nuire au suivi des patients. Il est notamment indispensable de ne pas déroger à certaines conditions, telle que l’alternance de rendez-vous en présentiel et en distanciel.Néanmoins, des exceptions à d’autres conditions existent déjà et permettent de tenir compte des difficultés d’accès aux soins. Je pense aux dérogations permises au respect du parcours de soins coordonnés et au respect de la territorialité pour les patients ne disposant pas de médecins traitants ou pour les patients résidant dans les zones d’intervention prioritaires.Dans le même esprit, nous pourrions réfléchir à des dérogations à une autre condition : la limitation de l’exercice de la télémédecine à 20 % maximum du volume d’activité d’un médecin. Ce niveau pourrait par exemple être dépassé pour les médecins qui réalisent des consultations à destination de personnes résidant dans un désert médical, ou pour les médecins retraités."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731471",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731471"
   ],
   "order": 265,
   "text": "Vous proposez de supprimer le seuil d’exercice de la télémédecine dans le volume d’activité des médecins. J’y suis partiellement favorable. Nous allons y procéder dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, en assouplissant les critères pour les médecins retraités. Cette exception s’explique par le fait que les médecins retraités n’ont, par définition, plus de cabinet. Je suis donc favorable à la suppression du seuil des 20 % dans ce cas-là.En revanche, je ne suis pas favorable à la généralisation de cet assouplissement. La lutte contre les déserts médicaux doit permettre d’assurer une présence médicale physique à proximité de l’ensemble de nos concitoyens. Il serait insatisfaisant de remplacer toute activité médicale par de la télémédecine.Bien évidemment, je ne suis pas contre la télémédecine ; elle constitue une aide importante, c’est l’un des moyens permettant de résoudre les tensions actuelles liées à l’offre médicale, mais elle ne peut pas être le seul moyen de lutter contre les déserts médicaux. En cas de dérégulation, on sait très bien qu’il y aura des dérives.Des enquêtes ont montré que certains rendez-vous en téléconsultation duraient quatre à cinq minutes. J’ai été médecin pendant vingt-cinq ans ; je ne suis pas sûr que l’on puisse vraiment régler le problème des gens en quatre ou cinq minutes de téléconsultation. Je demande donc le retrait de cet amendement ; à défaut, c’est un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Après l’article 4 / ",
   "article": "Après l’article 4",
   "article_id": "3731354",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 265,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731471",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 230,
   "annotation_id": "Ncb68cf646f42",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMP",
   "s": "RV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous proposez de supprimer le seuil d’exercice de la télémédecine dans le volume d’activité des médecins. J’y suis partiellement favorable. Nous allons y procéder dans le cadre du pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux, en assouplissant les critères pour les médecins retraités. Cette exception s’explique par le fait que les médecins retraités n’ont, par définition, plus de cabinet. Je suis donc favorable à la suppression du seuil des 20 % dans ce cas-là.En revanche, je ne suis pas favorable à la généralisation de cet assouplissement. La lutte contre les déserts médicaux doit permettre d’assurer une présence médicale physique à proximité de l’ensemble de nos concitoyens. Il serait insatisfaisant de remplacer toute activité médicale par de la télémédecine.Bien évidemment, je ne suis pas contre la télémédecine ; elle constitue une aide importante, c’est l’un des moyens permettant de résoudre les tensions actuelles liées à l’offre médicale, mais elle ne peut pas être le seul moyen de lutter contre les déserts médicaux. En cas de dérégulation, on sait très bien qu’il y aura des dérives.Des enquêtes ont montré que certains rendez-vous en téléconsultation duraient quatre à cinq minutes. J’ai été médecin pendant vingt-cinq ans ; je ne suis pas sûr que l’on puisse vraiment régler le problème des gens en quatre ou cinq minutes de téléconsultation. Je demande donc le retrait de cet amendement ; à défaut, c’est un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731494",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731494"
   ],
   "order": 286,
   "text": "Je propose de modifier le titre du texte, car rien n’est pire que le dépit provoqué par des promesses non tenues. Or, je pense que la promesse de ce titre ne sera pas tenue.Tout d’abord, les agences régionales de santé (ARS) disent que les dispositions de ce texte ne sont pas applicables ; cette loi ne sera donc pas appliquéeEnsuite, dans les circonscriptions rurales, comme la mienne, la médecine générale reste la médecine de premier recours. Or, les étudiants en médecine vont très certainement adopter une stratégie pour éviter d’exercer la médecine générale en zone rurale. La création d’une nouvelle obligation n’y changera rien ; ils pourront toujours la contourner, en choisissant des spécialités, en s’orientant vers la médecine non conventionnelle, en s’inscrivant dans d’autres secteurs, en exerçant en tant que médecin salarié ou en tant que médecin du travail. Ils ne s’installeront pas en zone rurale.De plus, vous ne prenez pas en compte le fait que les grandes villes sont aussi des déserts médicaux. Or les ARS reçoivent aussi les maires des grandes villes, qui ont beaucoup plus de poids. On peut donc s’attendre à ce que les médecins généralistes soient affectés prioritairement dans les grandes villes. Cela veut dire qu’il n’y aura pas d’installation de médecins dans le tissu rural. La priorité sera toujours mise sur les grandes villes.Enfin, vous allez casser la dynamique que nous avons créée avec le dispositif des docteurs juniors. Ils sont au nombre de 3 700 et, dans mon département, une quarantaine d’entre eux vient gonfler les effectifs de médecine générale. Vous allez casser cette dynamique : vous verrez qu’il y aura beaucoup moins d’inscriptions en médecine générale, et moins de médecins sur le terrain.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Titre / ",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "105",
   "text_ref": "(n[[o]] 1180)",
   "last_order": 286,
   "amendments": [
    "105"
   ],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731494",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 282,
   "annotation_id": "N18e935beef74",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je propose de modifier le titre du texte, car rien n’est pire que le dépit provoqué par des promesses non tenues. Or, je pense que la promesse de ce titre ne sera pas tenue.Tout d’abord, les agences régionales de santé (ARS) disent que les dispositions de ce texte ne sont pas applicables ; cette loi ne sera donc pas appliquéeEnsuite, dans les circonscriptions rurales, comme la mienne, la médecine générale reste la médecine de premier recours. Or, les étudiants en médecine vont très certainement adopter une stratégie pour éviter d’exercer la médecine générale en zone rurale. La création d’une nouvelle obligation n’y changera rien ; ils pourront toujours la contourner, en choisissant des spécialités, en s’orientant vers la médecine non conventionnelle, en s’inscrivant dans d’autres secteurs, en exerçant en tant que médecin salarié ou en tant que médecin du travail. Ils ne s’installeront pas en zone rurale.De plus, vous ne prenez pas en compte le fait que les grandes villes sont aussi des déserts médicaux. Or les ARS reçoivent aussi les maires des grandes villes, qui ont beaucoup plus de poids. On peut donc s’attendre à ce que les médecins généralistes soient affectés prioritairement dans les grandes villes. Cela veut dire qu’il n’y aura pas d’installation de médecins dans le tissu rural. La priorité sera toujours mise sur les grandes villes.Enfin, vous allez casser la dynamique que nous avons créée avec le dispositif des docteurs juniors. Ils sont au nombre de 3 700 et, dans mon département, une quarantaine d’entre eux vient gonfler les effectifs de médecine générale. Vous allez casser cette dynamique : vous verrez qu’il y aura beaucoup moins d’inscriptions en médecine générale, et moins de médecins sur le terrain."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730899",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730899"
   ],
   "order": 292,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Nous tenons au contraire à ce titre : il exprime le sens de notre combat contre les déserts médicaux. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Titre / ",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 292,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730899",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "Nf6504f8dce8c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Nous tenons au contraire à ce titre : il exprime le sens de notre combat contre les déserts médicaux. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730901",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730901"
   ],
   "order": 294,
   "text": "Sagesse. Il serait en effet malhonnête de penser que les solutions que contient cette proposition de loi sont les seules à même de lutter contre les déserts médicaux : il y en a bien d’autres, au contraire, et nous y reviendrons.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Titre / ",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 294,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730901",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nb552636de72a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sagesse. Il serait en effet malhonnête de penser que les solutions que contient cette proposition de loi sont les seules à même de lutter contre les déserts médicaux : il y en a bien d’autres, au contraire, et nous y reviendrons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730905",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730905"
   ],
   "order": 298,
   "text": "Cependant, cette proposition de loi envoie trois mauvais messages.D’abord, on le sait, la médecine libérale ne va pas très bien : seuls 14 % des jeunes diplômés s’installent dans la première année qui suit l’obtention de leur diplôme. Cette proposition de loi ne fera qu’aggraver le déclin de la médecine libérale – ce que pourtant personne, je crois, ne souhaite. Elle est donc contre-productive.Ensuite, elle envoie un faux message en disant à nos concitoyens que le problème des déserts médicaux va être réglé. Je suis persuadé que ce ne sera pas le cas. Nous, politiques, de droite comme de gauche, sommes responsables de cette situation. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Mais nous n’allons rien régler…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Titre / ",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 298,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730905",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 117,
   "annotation_id": "Nff56f94502ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cependant, cette proposition de loi envoie trois mauvais messages.D’abord, on le sait, la médecine libérale ne va pas très bien : seuls 14 % des jeunes diplômés s’installent dans la première année qui suit l’obtention de leur diplôme. Cette proposition de loi ne fera qu’aggraver le déclin de la médecine libérale – ce que pourtant personne, je crois, ne souhaite. Elle est donc contre-productive.Ensuite, elle envoie un faux message en disant à nos concitoyens que le problème des déserts médicaux va être réglé. Je suis persuadé que ce ne sera pas le cas. Nous, politiques, de droite comme de gauche, sommes responsables de cette situation. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Mais nous n’allons rien régler…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730909",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730909"
   ],
   "order": 302,
   "text": "…et, de nouveau, nous allons faire une erreur.Enfin, quel message envoyons-nous aux jeunes ? Je me suis rendu à la manifestation pour discuter avec les gens qui étaient là : de jeunes internes, de jeunes externes, des jeunes installés. Nous leur faisons porter le poids de nos erreurs : ce sont bien eux que vous ciblez, alors qu’ils ne sont pour rien dans nos problèmes démographiques – je le redis, ce sont tous les politiques depuis trente ans qui sont responsables.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Discussion des articles (suite) / Titre / ",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 302,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730909",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "Nc35d8c3b49ee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…et, de nouveau, nous allons faire une erreur.Enfin, quel message envoyons-nous aux jeunes ? Je me suis rendu à la manifestation pour discuter avec les gens qui étaient là : de jeunes internes, de jeunes externes, des jeunes installés. Nous leur faisons porter le poids de nos erreurs : ce sont bien eux que vous ciblez, alors qu’ils ne sont pour rien dans nos problèmes démographiques – je le redis, ce sont tous les politiques depuis trente ans qui sont responsables."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA267042",
   "speaker": "Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot (LIOT)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730917",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730917"
   ],
   "order": 310,
   "text": "Un jour de juillet 2022, lorsque notre rapporteur, mon collègue et ami mayennais Guillaume Garot, est venu me voir pour m’informer qu’il avait l’intention de prendre l’initiative de créer un groupe transpartisan pour lutter contre les déserts médicaux, je lui ai tout de suite dit « banco ». J’étais le premier membre de ce groupe, car je savais – comme nous tous ici – le désespoir de nos concitoyens de ne pouvoir se soigner, faute de médecins.En juillet 2022, avec une quarantaine d’autres collègues, nous l’avons imaginé. Ce 7 mai 2025, nous sommes en passe de réussir.Pendant près de trois années, ce furent des réunions chaque semaine et en tout, des dizaines et des dizaines d’auditions ; nous avons fait un tour de France, avec plusieurs dizaines d’étapes dans les départements sous-dotés. Depuis 2024, ce groupe réunit 100 députés, issus de neuf groupes parlementaires, et 256 collègues ont cosigné une proposition de loi de quatre articles, dont l’article 1er sur la régulation de l’installation des médecins, voté en avril dernier. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et GDR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Ce soir, notre détermination de 2022, qui nous a permis de travailler d’arrache-pied, est en passe de se concrétiser pour donner enfin un peu d’espoir aux 8 millions de Français qui renoncent à se soigner faute de médecin traitant.Ce soir, grâce à la pugnacité de notre rapporteur (Mêmes mouvements) et à la mobilisation d’une grande partie d’entre nous, nous allons enfin contribuer à réduire l’inacceptable inégalité territoriale d’accès aux soins.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 310,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730917",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 257,
   "annotation_id": "Nd1a4eb110786",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Un jour de juillet 2022, lorsque notre rapporteur, mon collègue et ami mayennais [PERSONNE], est venu me voir pour m’informer qu’il avait l’intention de prendre l’initiative de créer un groupe transpartisan pour lutter contre les déserts médicaux, je lui ai tout de suite dit « banco ». J’étais le premier membre de ce groupe, car je savais – comme nous tous ici – le désespoir de nos concitoyens de ne pouvoir se soigner, faute de médecins.En juillet 2022, avec une quarantaine d’autres collègues, nous l’avons imaginé. Ce 7 mai 2025, nous sommes en passe de réussir.Pendant près de trois années, ce furent des réunions chaque semaine et en tout, des dizaines et des dizaines d’auditions ; nous avons fait un tour de France, avec plusieurs dizaines d’étapes dans les départements sous-dotés. Depuis 2024, ce groupe réunit 100 députés, issus de neuf groupes parlementaires, et 256 collègues ont cosigné une proposition de loi de quatre articles, dont l’article 1er sur la régulation de l’installation des médecins, voté en avril dernier. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Ce soir, notre détermination de 2022, qui nous a permis de travailler d’arrache-pied, est en passe de se concrétiser pour donner enfin un peu d’espoir aux 8 millions de Français qui renoncent à se soigner faute de médecin traitant.Ce soir, grâce à la pugnacité de notre rapporteur (Mêmes mouvements) et à la mobilisation d’une grande partie d’entre nous, nous allons enfin contribuer à réduire l’inacceptable inégalité territoriale d’accès aux soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA267042",
   "speaker": "Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730923",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730923"
   ],
   "order": 316,
   "text": "Le groupe LIOT votera, dans sa très grande majorité, notre proposition de loi transpartisane. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LIOT, SOC, EcoS et GDR ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Plusieurs députés du groupe SOC se lèvent pour applaudir.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 316,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730923",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "Nb5eaf96ecfcd",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe LIOT votera, dans sa très grande majorité, notre proposition de loi transpartisane. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LIOT, [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Plusieurs députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent pour applaudir.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730925",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730925"
   ],
   "order": 318,
   "text": "Cela fait quinze ans que j’essaye, avec beaucoup de modestie, de défendre ce sujet dans cet hémicycle.Ce soir, nous faisons un petit pas. Je le dis à Cyrille Isaac-Sibille : faire de la politique, c’est être courageux ; faire de la politique, c’est apporter des solutions. Il y a eu tant d’échecs en matière d’accès aux soins ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et SOC.) Nous n’avons pas réévalué le numerus clausus, nous avons fait partir les médecins en retraite plus tôt – rappelez-vous le Mica, le mécanisme d’incitation à la cessation d’activité, dans les années 2000. (M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille applaudit.)Ici, nous ouvrons de nouvelles voies.Les soins non programmés sont essentiels. Il faut dire à tous les soignants de France, qu’ils exercent dans le public ou dans le privé, qu’ils contribuent ainsi à s’occuper de la santé des gens où qu’ils habitent.La proposition de loi marque aussi des avancées importantes en matière de formation. Les médecins sont les seuls à ne subir aucune régulation ! Les dentistes eux-mêmes, les kinés, les pharmaciens : tout le monde a accepté. (Applaudissements sur de nombreux bancs des groupes LFI- NFP, SOC, EcoS, HOR, LIOT et GDR.)Alors il faut bien, à un moment, avancer.Monsieur le ministre, je tiens à saluer votre engagement. Chacun apportera sa pierre à l’édifice. De notre côté, nous sommes tenaces et nous ne lâcherons pas. Nos amis sénateurs travaillent de leur côté.Notre responsabilité est lourde : 6 millions de Français n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Il faut répondre à cette situation. Nous faisons ce soir un petit pas, qui en appelle d’autres. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, SOC, EcoS, HOR, LIOT et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 318,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730925",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 277,
   "annotation_id": "N54607bafd455",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cela fait quinze ans que j’essaye, avec beaucoup de modestie, de défendre ce sujet dans cet hémicycle.Ce soir, nous faisons un petit pas. Je le dis à [PERSONNE] : faire de la politique, c’est être courageux ; faire de la politique, c’est apporter des solutions. Il y a eu tant d’échecs en matière d’accès aux soins ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE].) Nous n’avons pas réévalué le numerus clausus, nous avons fait partir les médecins en retraite plus tôt – rappelez-vous le Mica, le mécanisme d’incitation à la cessation d’activité, dans les années 2000. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Ici, nous ouvrons de nouvelles voies.Les soins non programmés sont essentiels. Il faut dire à tous les soignants de France, qu’ils exercent dans le public ou dans le privé, qu’ils contribuent ainsi à s’occuper de la santé des gens où qu’ils habitent.La proposition de loi marque aussi des avancées importantes en matière de formation. Les médecins sont les seuls à ne subir aucune régulation ! Les dentistes eux-mêmes, les kinés, les pharmaciens : tout le monde a accepté. (Applaudissements sur de nombreux bancs des groupes [GROUPE]- NFP, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], HOR, LIOT et [GROUPE].)Alors il faut bien, à un moment, avancer.Monsieur le ministre, je tiens à saluer votre engagement. Chacun apportera sa pierre à l’édifice. De notre côté, nous sommes tenaces et nous ne lâcherons pas. Nos amis sénateurs travaillent de leur côté.Notre responsabilité est lourde : 6 millions de Français n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Il faut répondre à cette situation. Nous faisons ce soir un petit pas, qui en appelle d’autres. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE], HOR, LIOT et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841563",
   "speaker": "Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730936",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730936"
   ],
   "order": 329,
   "text": "Cet article prévoyait d’instaurer un régime d’autorisation d’installation pour les nouveaux médecins, sur validation des agences régionales de santé. Je rappelle que le Rassemblement national est favorable à la suppression des ARS, instances technocratiques lointaines et déconnectées des réalités territoriales. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et SOC.)Mais cet article a été réintroduit en séance grâce au vote du bloc de gauche et du centre.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 329,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730936",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 66,
   "annotation_id": "Nf7414fde377c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article prévoyait d’instaurer un régime d’autorisation d’installation pour les nouveaux médecins, sur validation des agences régionales de santé. Je rappelle que le [GROUPE] est favorable à la suppression des ARS, instances technocratiques lointaines et déconnectées des réalités territoriales. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Mais cet article a été réintroduit en séance grâce au vote du bloc de gauche et du centre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841563",
   "speaker": "Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Marais-Beuil",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730939",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730939"
   ],
   "order": 332,
   "text": "Restreindre la liberté d’installation est une fausse bonne idée, et aurait les conséquences inverses de celles recherchées : cela réduira le nombre de médecins, en particulier dans les zones rurales et les outre-mer. Une telle coercition créerait par ailleurs des déserts médicaux dans des territoires qui ne sont pas encore sous-dotés en médecins, et elle nuirait à l’attractivité de la profession.Réguler arbitrairement l’installation des médecins dans les déserts médicaux ne réglera en rien la pénurie de soignants. Le problème central, et urgent, c’est celui de la formation aux métiers du soin. Le Rassemblement national propose de lever totalement la limite du nombre d’étudiants afin de former davantage de médecins, de décentraliser les études en santé, de développer les dispositifs, notamment fiscaux, d’incitation à l’installation pour les jeunes médecins, d’augmenter le nombre de médecins stagiaires, de faciliter le recrutement d’assistants pour gagner du temps médical dédié aux soins plutôt qu’aux tâches administratives, d’aider les collectivités territoriales qui accompagnent les nouveaux médecins et de moduler les tarifs en fonction des territoires.Cette proposition de loi s’affiche comme transpartisane. Or son auteur, le député socialiste Guillaume Garot (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC, dont plusieurs députés se lèvent pour applaudir, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, EcoS et GDR), a en réalité volontairement ignoré le groupe RN.Je vous dirai comme les médecins : le curatif sans le préventif, ce n’est pas une solution. Vous ne résoudrez pas à long terme le problème des déserts médicaux.Nous nous abstiendrons sur ce texte, en espérant que dans leur grande sagesse, les sénateurs supprimeront l’article 1er. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN. – Exclamations sur de nombreux bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 332,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730939",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 282,
   "annotation_id": "Nebaaef7a420b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELMQST",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Restreindre la liberté d’installation est une fausse bonne idée, et aurait les conséquences inverses de celles recherchées : cela réduira le nombre de médecins, en particulier dans les zones rurales et les outre-mer. Une telle coercition créerait par ailleurs des déserts médicaux dans des territoires qui ne sont pas encore sous-dotés en médecins, et elle nuirait à l’attractivité de la profession.Réguler arbitrairement l’installation des médecins dans les déserts médicaux ne réglera en rien la pénurie de soignants. Le problème central, et urgent, c’est celui de la formation aux métiers du soin. Le [GROUPE] propose de lever totalement la limite du nombre d’étudiants afin de former davantage de médecins, de décentraliser les études en santé, de développer les dispositifs, notamment fiscaux, d’incitation à l’installation pour les jeunes médecins, d’augmenter le nombre de médecins stagiaires, de faciliter le recrutement d’assistants pour gagner du temps médical dédié aux soins plutôt qu’aux tâches administratives, d’aider les collectivités territoriales qui accompagnent les nouveaux médecins et de moduler les tarifs en fonction des territoires.Cette proposition de loi s’affiche comme transpartisane. Or son auteur, le député [GROUPE] [PERSONNE] (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], dont plusieurs députés se lèvent pour applaudir, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]), a en réalité volontairement ignoré le groupe [GROUPE].Je vous dirai comme les médecins : le curatif sans le préventif, ce n’est pas une solution. Vous ne résoudrez pas à long terme le problème des déserts médicaux.Nous nous abstiendrons sur ce texte, en espérant que dans leur grande sagesse, les sénateurs supprimeront l’article 1er. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Exclamations sur de nombreux bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730947",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730947"
   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "Nous connaissons tous ici les difficultés d’accès aux soins de nos concitoyens. Nous avons tous envie d’améliorer cette situation. Vous proposez de réguler l’installation des médecins, avec pour l’essentiel cet argument : on n’a jamais essayé, alors essayons.Vous voulez davantage, je le crains, montrer que vous agissez – on peut le comprendre, au vu des difficultés de nos concitoyens – qu’agir efficacement.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 340,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730947",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 62,
   "annotation_id": "N5c41f3f62889",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous connaissons tous ici les difficultés d’accès aux soins de nos concitoyens. Nous avons tous envie d’améliorer cette situation. Vous proposez de réguler l’installation des médecins, avec pour l’essentiel cet argument : on n’a jamais essayé, alors essayons.Vous voulez davantage, je le crains, montrer que vous agissez – on peut le comprendre, au vu des difficultés de nos concitoyens – qu’agir efficacement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730950",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730950"
   ],
   "order": 343,
   "text": "Nous l’avons dit à de multiples reprises : cette proposition de loi est inefficace – réguler la pénurie ne sert à rien. D’ailleurs, vous n’avez jamais réussi à nous dire dans quelle ville nous pourrions prendre des médecins. Où sont-ils trop nombreux ? À Limoges, à Pau, à Toulouse ? Je ne sais pas.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 343,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730950",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 54,
   "annotation_id": "Ne64d6638046f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous l’avons dit à de multiples reprises : cette proposition de loi est inefficace – réguler la pénurie ne sert à rien. D’ailleurs, vous n’avez jamais réussi à nous dire dans quelle ville nous pourrions prendre des médecins. Où sont-ils trop nombreux ? À Limoges, à Pau, à Toulouse ? Je ne sais pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730953",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730953"
   ],
   "order": 346,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi ne sera pas seulement inefficace : elle aggravera la situation. Les médecins en préretraite pourront partir en retraite plus tôt et faire racheter leur patientèle plus cher ; les étudiants pourront contourner l’obligation.Le groupe Ensemble pour la République ne participera pas à cette fausse promesse que vous faites à nos concitoyens sur un sujet si important.Vous applaudirez certainement après ce vote. (« Oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.) Sautez de joie, même : vous aurez au moins été heureux dans cet hémicycle.Pour ma part, c’est avec tristesse que je le quitterai (« Oh ! » sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS), en pensant aux jeunes engagés dans des études en santé, en pensant à nos concitoyens et au lien démocratique qui se perd à vouloir faire semblant, à voter des propositions de loi dont on sait – c’est mathématique – qu’elles seront inefficaces. Je le regrette profondément. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 346,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730953",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 180,
   "annotation_id": "N4e4f523c59ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi ne sera pas seulement inefficace : elle aggravera la situation. Les médecins en préretraite pourront partir en retraite plus tôt et faire racheter leur patientèle plus cher ; les étudiants pourront contourner l’obligation.Le groupe [GROUPE] ne participera pas à cette fausse promesse que vous faites à nos concitoyens sur un sujet si important.Vous applaudirez certainement après ce vote. (« Oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Sautez de joie, même : vous aurez au moins été heureux dans cet hémicycle.Pour ma part, c’est avec tristesse que je le quitterai (« Oh ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), en pensant aux jeunes engagés dans des études en santé, en pensant à nos concitoyens et au lien démocratique qui se perd à vouloir faire semblant, à voter des propositions de loi dont on sait – c’est mathématique – qu’elles seront inefficaces. Je le regrette profondément. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730959",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3730959"
   ],
   "order": 352,
   "text": "Ma première pensée va à celles et ceux qui nous regardent hors de l’hémicycle, y compris depuis les tribunes du public, et qui sont soignantes, soignants, syndicalistes, militantes et militants associatifs, anciens collaborateurs parlementaires, membres du collectif pour une santé engagée et solidaire. Ce sont des professionnels de santé, des médecins, qui attendent ce texte et qui nous ont soutenus pendant nos mois et même nos années de travail. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et SOC ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EcoS et GDR.)Ils ont ainsi soutenu un collectif comme on en a rarement vu dans cette assemblée, un collectif qui va du groupe Les Républicains à La France insoumise, et qui s’est uni autour de certaines revendications concrètes et immédiates : soulager dans tous nos territoires les difficultés d’accès aux soins ; faire reculer les déserts médicaux.Ces revendications sont au nombre de quatre, et nous avons su emporter la conviction. Nous pouvons en être fiers, toutes et tous ensemble. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS et GDR.)Nous avons emporté la conviction sur la régulation de l’installation. Cessons de voir, année après année, ces inégalités qui déchirent les territoires au sein de la nation. Les professions régulées – sage-femme, infirmier, kiné – ne voient pas progresser ces inégalités de la même façon ; la seule profession qui connaît des inégalités croissantes, c’est celle de médecin. Nous partons donc de la réalité de ce qui fonctionne pour l’élargir à toutes et à tous, au bénéfice des patientes et des patients.Une fois cela acquis, nous avons supprimé les majorations tarifaires appliquées quand une personne va voir un médecin qui n’est pas son médecin traitant : c’est la fin de la double peine. Non seulement les inégalités doivent arrêter de progresser, mais il faut cesser de les facturer aux patientes et aux patients ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, EcoS et GDR.)Une fois la situation stabilisée, nous partons à la reconquête, territoire après territoire, de la présence médicale.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 352,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3730959",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 341,
   "annotation_id": "N94362c7bdbb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ma première pensée va à celles et ceux qui nous regardent hors de l’hémicycle, y compris depuis les tribunes du public, et qui sont soignantes, soignants, syndicalistes, militantes et militants associatifs, anciens collaborateurs parlementaires, membres du collectif pour une santé engagée et solidaire. Ce sont des professionnels de santé, des médecins, qui attendent ce texte et qui nous ont soutenus pendant nos mois et même nos années de travail. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Ils ont ainsi soutenu un collectif comme on en a rarement vu dans cette assemblée, un collectif qui va du groupe [GROUPE] à [GROUPE], et qui s’est uni autour de certaines revendications concrètes et immédiates : soulager dans tous nos territoires les difficultés d’accès aux soins ; faire reculer les déserts médicaux.Ces revendications sont au nombre de quatre, et nous avons su emporter la conviction. Nous pouvons en être fiers, toutes et tous ensemble. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Nous avons emporté la conviction sur la régulation de l’installation. Cessons de voir, année après année, ces inégalités qui déchirent les territoires au sein de la nation. Les professions régulées – sage-femme, infirmier, kiné – ne voient pas progresser ces inégalités de la même façon ; la seule profession qui connaît des inégalités croissantes, c’est celle de médecin. Nous partons donc de la réalité de ce qui fonctionne pour l’élargir à toutes et à tous, au bénéfice des patientes et des patients.Une fois cela acquis, nous avons supprimé les majorations tarifaires appliquées quand une personne va voir un médecin qui n’est pas son médecin traitant : c’est la fin de la double peine. Non seulement les inégalités doivent arrêter de progresser, mais il faut cesser de les facturer aux patientes et aux patients ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Une fois la situation stabilisée, nous partons à la reconquête, territoire après territoire, de la présence médicale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731066",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731066"
   ],
   "order": 359,
   "text": "Pour cela, nous luttons pour la démocratisation du recrutement. C’est le sens de l’ouverture de premières années dans l’ensemble des départements : lorsque vous êtes jeune et que vous partez étudier, il y a des barrières matérielles et culturelles. Vous n’osez pas toujours aller à 100 ou 150 kilomètres de chez vous, au risque de l’échec.En votant comme nous l’avons fait, nous ouvrons les portes des études de santé à des milliers de jeunes qui n’auraient pas osé les franchir (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS) et qui, parce qu’ils viennent de territoires désertifiés médicalement, y retourneront, et qui, parce qu’ils connaissent les milieux populaires pour en être issus, comprendront l’expérience d’un allocataire de la CMU – couverture maladie universelle – ou de malades de certaines pathologies. Ils pourront ainsi prendre en charge de la façon la plus égalitaire et universaliste l’ensemble de la population qui s’adressera à eux. Ce faisant, nous répondons d’ailleurs aux critiques émises hier par la Défenseure des droits sur les discriminations dans l’accès aux soins, qui sont directement liées à des préjugés de classe. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EcoS.)Enfin, nous allégeons la peine de ces 38 % de praticiens qui donnent tout et qui participent déjà à la permanence des soins toutes les quatre, cinq ou six semaines. Désormais, ils pourront ne la pratiquer que toutes les treize, quatorze ou quinze semaines. Oui, ces praticiens attendent notre vote de ce soir. Ils voulaient mieux répartir la charge pour pouvoir se reposer un peu.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 359,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731066",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 265,
   "annotation_id": "N64f7e835359c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour cela, nous luttons pour la démocratisation du recrutement. C’est le sens de l’ouverture de premières années dans l’ensemble des départements : lorsque vous êtes jeune et que vous partez étudier, il y a des barrières matérielles et culturelles. Vous n’osez pas toujours aller à 100 ou 150 kilomètres de chez vous, au risque de l’échec.En votant comme nous l’avons fait, nous ouvrons les portes des études de santé à des milliers de jeunes qui n’auraient pas osé les franchir (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et qui, parce qu’ils viennent de territoires désertifiés médicalement, y retourneront, et qui, parce qu’ils connaissent les milieux populaires pour en être issus, comprendront l’expérience d’un allocataire de la CMU – couverture maladie universelle – ou de malades de certaines pathologies. Ils pourront ainsi prendre en charge de la façon la plus égalitaire et universaliste l’ensemble de la population qui s’adressera à eux. Ce faisant, nous répondons d’ailleurs aux critiques émises hier par la Défenseure des droits sur les discriminations dans l’accès aux soins, qui sont directement liées à des préjugés de classe. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Enfin, nous allégeons la peine de ces 38 % de praticiens qui donnent tout et qui participent déjà à la permanence des soins toutes les quatre, cinq ou six semaines. Désormais, ils pourront ne la pratiquer que toutes les treize, quatorze ou quinze semaines. Oui, ces praticiens attendent notre vote de ce soir. Ils voulaient mieux répartir la charge pour pouvoir se reposer un peu."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731130",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731130"
   ],
   "order": 363,
   "text": "En faisant tout cela, ne vous inquiétez pas – ne criez pas, s’il vous plaît –, nous avons fait œuvre utile dans cette assemblée. Rappelons une chose très simple : quand les parlementaires travaillent ensemble, sans 49.3, sans immixtion de l’exécutif – qui connaît un renouvellement assez rapide sur le sujet de la santé –, nous parvenons à des résultats utiles, efficaces et populaires. Bravo à toutes et à tous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS, et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe GDR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 363,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731130",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "N130c8565d759",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En faisant tout cela, ne vous inquiétez pas – ne criez pas, s’il vous plaît –, nous avons fait œuvre utile dans cette assemblée. Rappelons une chose très simple : quand les parlementaires travaillent ensemble, sans 49.3, sans immixtion de l’exécutif – qui connaît un renouvellement assez rapide sur le sujet de la santé –, nous parvenons à des résultats utiles, efficaces et populaires. Bravo à toutes et à tous ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE], et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642764",
   "speaker": "Joël Aviragnet",
   "quality": "M. Joël Aviragnet (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731132",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731132"
   ],
   "order": 365,
   "text": "Depuis plus de dix ans que je suis élu, je suis interpellé, comme beaucoup d’entre nous, par des habitants de ma circonscription au sujet de l’accès aux soins – de plus en plus difficile – et de la baisse du nombre de médecins. Ils sont toujours plus nombreux à m’interpeller et les réponses apportées sont toujours les mêmes – elles n’en sont pas réellement.Depuis dix ans, j’entends parler de régulation et je me bats pour qu’on arrive à l’instaurer. Depuis dix ans, ceux qui s’y opposent mobilisent toujours les mêmes arguments, qui ne reposent jamais sur des études ni sur un quelconque rapport. Ils se contentent de répéter inlassablement que cela ne marchera pas. Il y a même eu une ministre de la santé qui m’a dit : « mais enfin, monsieur le député, vous n’allez pas envoyer de jeunes médecins qui ont fait toutes leurs études en ville travailler à la campagne ! ». La campagne, chez moi, elle est à 30 kilomètres de Toulouse – ce n’est pas la Sibérie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.)Depuis dix ans, en revanche, ce qui a changé, c’est le nombre de députés qui sont favorables à la régulation. Je l’ai vu augmenter tous les ans (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – M. Thierry Benoit applaudit également), car face à la dégradation de la situation, nous ne pouvons plus rester sans rien faire. Ce n’est plus acceptable : c’est une question d’accès aux soins, un enjeu national. Aujourd’hui, nous allons adopter un texte très important et nous serons fiers demain, dans nos circonscriptions, de pouvoir dire qu’au moins, nous avons essayé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et GDR.)Bien sûr, la régulation ne résoudra pas tout. Elle fera partie d’un dispositif qui comprendra aussi des mesures incitatives. Mais du moins aurons-nous essayé. Je salue l’obstination et l’engagement de notre collègue Guillaume Garot : depuis plus de dix ans, il n’a jamais baissé les bras. (Mêmes mouvements.) Je crois que c’est notre grandeur en politique. Le groupe Socialistes et apparentés votera avec beaucoup de joie et d’engagement en faveur de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et EcoS ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et GDR. – M. Philippe Brun se lève pour applaudir.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 365,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731132",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 403,
   "annotation_id": "Nd91961a69b46",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis plus de dix ans que je suis élu, je suis interpellé, comme beaucoup d’entre nous, par des habitants de ma circonscription au sujet de l’accès aux soins – de plus en plus difficile – et de la baisse du nombre de médecins. Ils sont toujours plus nombreux à m’interpeller et les réponses apportées sont toujours les mêmes – elles n’en sont pas réellement.Depuis dix ans, j’entends parler de régulation et je me bats pour qu’on arrive à l’instaurer. Depuis dix ans, ceux qui s’y opposent mobilisent toujours les mêmes arguments, qui ne reposent jamais sur des études ni sur un quelconque rapport. Ils se contentent de répéter inlassablement que cela ne marchera pas. Il y a même eu une ministre de la santé qui m’a dit : « mais enfin, monsieur le député, vous n’allez pas envoyer de jeunes médecins qui ont fait toutes leurs études en ville travailler à la campagne ! ». La campagne, chez moi, elle est à 30 kilomètres de Toulouse – ce n’est pas la Sibérie ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe HOR.)Depuis dix ans, en revanche, ce qui a changé, c’est le nombre de députés qui sont favorables à la régulation. Je l’ai vu augmenter tous les ans (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également), car face à la dégradation de la situation, nous ne pouvons plus rester sans rien faire. Ce n’est plus acceptable : c’est une question d’accès aux soins, un enjeu national. Aujourd’hui, nous allons adopter un texte très important et nous serons fiers demain, dans nos circonscriptions, de pouvoir dire qu’au moins, nous avons essayé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Bien sûr, la régulation ne résoudra pas tout. Elle fera partie d’un dispositif qui comprendra aussi des mesures incitatives. Mais du moins aurons-nous essayé. Je salue l’obstination et l’engagement de notre collègue [PERSONNE] : depuis plus de dix ans, il n’a jamais baissé les bras. (Mêmes mouvements.) Je crois que c’est notre grandeur en politique. Le groupe [GROUPE] votera avec beaucoup de joie et d’engagement en faveur de cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] se lève pour applaudir.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793664",
   "speaker": "Marie Pochon",
   "quality": "Mme Marie Pochon (EcoS)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731137",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731137"
   ],
   "order": 370,
   "text": "Il y a peu de jours où l’on peut être aussi fier de siéger dans cet hémicycle et de prendre la parole pour une explication de vote. Je le suis particulièrement aujourd’hui, pour bien des raisons. Sur le fond, ce texte ne réglera pas tout, mais il améliorera un petit peu la vie des gens, ce qui est rare et donc précieux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS et sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.) Il assurera la solidarité nationale par une meilleure répartition de l’offre de soins tout en garantissant la liberté d’installation des médecins sur près de 90 % du territoire national.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 370,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731137",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 105,
   "annotation_id": "N51a6df10f54d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a peu de jours où l’on peut être aussi fier de siéger dans cet hémicycle et de prendre la parole pour une explication de vote. Je le suis particulièrement aujourd’hui, pour bien des raisons. Sur le fond, ce texte ne réglera pas tout, mais il améliorera un petit peu la vie des gens, ce qui est rare et donc précieux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Il assurera la solidarité nationale par une meilleure répartition de l’offre de soins tout en garantissant la liberté d’installation des médecins sur près de 90 % du territoire national."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793664",
   "speaker": "Marie Pochon",
   "quality": "Mme Marie Pochon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731139",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731139"
   ],
   "order": 372,
   "text": "Il supprimera la majoration des tarifs pour les si nombreux patients qui se trouvent sans médecin traitant. La première année de médecine sera proposée dans chaque département, pour que tous les jeunes puissent y avoir accès. La permanence des soins sera rétablie.Oui, il faudra faire encore plus, mais c’est un texte qui changera un peu la vie, pour le mieux, pour des millions de nos compatriotes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et SOC ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe GDR.)Sur la forme, nous voyons aboutir près de trois ans de travail, une centaine d’auditions, un tour de France des déserts médicaux, deux propositions de loi et je ne sais combien d’amendements. Ce travail a mobilisé très exactement 256 parlementaires de tous les bords politiques de cet hémicycle – je le dis au nom de mes collègues du groupe Écologiste et social qui ont été très actifs dans ce groupe de travail transpartisan, en particulier Delphine Batho et Jean-Claude Raux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS et SOC.)Ces 256 parlementaires ont su dessiner des compromis et des propositions partagées et construire du commun autour d’un intérêt qui dépasse les postures et les clivages partisans : l’intérêt général. Dans cet hémicycle qu’on dit si fracturé et si ingérable, c’est précieux. Au-delà de tout ce que ce texte changera pour le mieux à la vie des gens, nous aurons montré aujourd’hui le rôle immense et si utile que peut et doit jouer notre assemblée.Pour tout cela, merci beaucoup, Guillaume Garot. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, SOC et GDR.) Il m’arrive souvent, comme à vous sans doute, de croiser des concitoyennes et concitoyens qui, sous le poids des problèmes du quotidien, me demandent ce que la République fait pour eux. Ce vote est la meilleure réponse à leur apporter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EcoS, SOC et GDR ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 372,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731139",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 319,
   "annotation_id": "N9b89514fae7f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il supprimera la majoration des tarifs pour les si nombreux patients qui se trouvent sans médecin traitant. La première année de médecine sera proposée dans chaque département, pour que tous les jeunes puissent y avoir accès. La permanence des soins sera rétablie.Oui, il faudra faire encore plus, mais c’est un texte qui changera un peu la vie, pour le mieux, pour des millions de nos compatriotes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Sur la forme, nous voyons aboutir près de trois ans de travail, une centaine d’auditions, un tour de France des déserts médicaux, deux propositions de loi et je ne sais combien d’amendements. Ce travail a mobilisé très exactement 256 parlementaires de tous les bords politiques de cet hémicycle – je le dis au nom de mes collègues du groupe [GROUPE] qui ont été très actifs dans ce groupe de travail transpartisan, en particulier [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE]. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Ces 256 parlementaires ont su dessiner des compromis et des propositions partagées et construire du commun autour d’un intérêt qui dépasse les postures et les clivages partisans : l’intérêt général. Dans cet hémicycle qu’on dit si fracturé et si ingérable, c’est précieux. Au-delà de tout ce que ce texte changera pour le mieux à la vie des gens, nous aurons montré aujourd’hui le rôle immense et si utile que peut et doit jouer notre assemblée.Pour tout cela, merci beaucoup, [PERSONNE]. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Il m’arrive souvent, comme à vous sans doute, de croiser des concitoyennes et concitoyens qui, sous le poids des problèmes du quotidien, me demandent ce que la République fait pour eux. Ce vote est la meilleure réponse à leur apporter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719052",
   "speaker": "Loïc Kervran",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Kervran (HOR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731144",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731144"
   ],
   "order": 378,
   "text": "Au-delà de nos différences sur ce texte, l’engagement dans la lutte contre les déserts médicaux est un engagement ancien de tous les députés du groupe Horizons – je pense en particulier à Thomas Mesnier, qui ne siège plus sur ces bancs, à Frédéric Valletoux et à Agnès Firmin Le Bodo. Sur un plan plus personnel, je veux vous dire mon émotion, après des années d’engagement en faveur de la régulation de l’installation, de voir enfin aboutir ce travail transpartisan.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 378,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731144",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 79,
   "annotation_id": "Na2e491e2cfc6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au-delà de nos différences sur ce texte, l’engagement dans la lutte contre les déserts médicaux est un engagement ancien de tous les députés du groupe Horizons – je pense en particulier à [PERSONNE], qui ne siège plus sur ces bancs, à [PERSONNE] et à [PERSONNE]. Sur un plan plus personnel, je veux vous dire mon émotion, après des années d’engagement en faveur de la régulation de l’installation, de voir enfin aboutir ce travail transpartisan."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719052",
   "speaker": "Loïc Kervran",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Kervran",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731146",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731146"
   ],
   "order": 380,
   "text": "Je refuse en effet l’impuissance publique sur cette question qui est la première préoccupation de nos concitoyens. Sur un sujet comme celui-ci, tant que l’on n’a pas tout essayé, on n’a rien essayé. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes HOR et SOC. – Mme Delphine Batho applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 380,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731146",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N300bd0eb6518",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je refuse en effet l’impuissance publique sur cette question qui est la première préoccupation de nos concitoyens. Sur un sujet comme celui-ci, tant que l’on n’a pas tout essayé, on n’a rien essayé. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes HOR et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719052",
   "speaker": "Loïc Kervran",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Kervran",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731148",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731148"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "J’ai eu l’honneur de servir aux côtés de la brigade des sapeurs-pompiers de Paris. Comme lors d’une intervention, il y va ici de la vie ou de la mort de nos concitoyens. Tant que l’on n’a pas tout essayé, on n’a rien essayé.C’est très important : comme le rappelait notre collègue Marie Pochon à l’instant, l’égalité entre les territoires est au cœur de la promesse républicaine. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes HOR et SOC. – Mme Marie Pochon et M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudissent également.) Il ne doit pas y avoir de citoyens de seconde zone dans notre pays et la santé est aujourd’hui le sujet sur lequel on en compte le plus. J’ai l’espoir qu’avec ce texte défendu avec brio par Guillaume Garot (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC) et des députés de presque tous les groupes de cette assemblée, nous contribuions à répondre à cette promesse républicaine. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, SOC et EcoS. – M. Marcellin Nadeau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 382,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731148",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 166,
   "annotation_id": "N1fe7a5fc19bc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai eu l’honneur de servir aux côtés de la brigade des sapeurs-pompiers de Paris. Comme lors d’une intervention, il y va ici de la vie ou de la mort de nos concitoyens. Tant que l’on n’a pas tout essayé, on n’a rien essayé.C’est très important : comme le rappelait notre collègue [PERSONNE] à l’instant, l’égalité entre les territoires est au cœur de la promesse républicaine. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes HOR et [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.) Il ne doit pas y avoir de citoyens de seconde zone dans notre pays et la santé est aujourd’hui le sujet sur lequel on en compte le plus. J’ai l’espoir qu’avec ce texte défendu avec brio par [PERSONNE] (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) et des députés de presque tous les groupes de cette assemblée, nous contribuions à répondre à cette promesse républicaine. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes HOR, [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu (GDR)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731151",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731151"
   ],
   "order": 385,
   "text": "Nos collègues l’ont souligné, l’accès aux soins est la première préoccupation de nos concitoyens en ruralité comme en outre-mer – nous n’en avons pas beaucoup parlé –, mais aussi dans les quartiers populaires. C’est la première des exigences. Nos concitoyens sont souvent dans l’angoisse ; ils mettent trois, quatre, cinq, six semaines, parfois des mois, pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un généraliste ou un spécialiste. Alors ce soir, ce n’est pas le grand soir, ne vous en déplaise – ne nous en déplaise –,…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 385,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731151",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 84,
   "annotation_id": "N8cd3befec6ba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nos collègues l’ont souligné, l’accès aux soins est la première préoccupation de nos concitoyens en ruralité comme en outre-mer – nous n’en avons pas beaucoup parlé –, mais aussi dans les quartiers populaires. C’est la première des exigences. Nos concitoyens sont souvent dans l’angoisse ; ils mettent trois, quatre, cinq, six semaines, parfois des mois, pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un généraliste ou un spécialiste. Alors ce soir, ce n’est pas le grand soir, ne vous en déplaise – ne nous en déplaise –,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731153",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731153"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "…mais c’est l’assurance que grâce à la pugnacité des membres de notre groupe transpartisan, en particulier de notre excellent rapporteur, Guillaume Garot (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et SOC), nous ferons œuvre utile en inscrivant dans la loi une forme de régulation, l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins et aux études et la mise en œuvre d’une permanence des soins mieux partagée. Aujourd’hui, le mot régulation est inscrit dans le débat public et c’est une très belle victoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, SOC et EcoS – MM. Philippe Vigier et Damien Maudet applaudissent également.)Bien sûr, nous écoutons et entendons les inquiétudes des organisations de médecins, jeunes ou moins jeunes, mais nous écoutons et entendons d’abord les patients qui n’en peuvent plus, ainsi que les médecins des zones sous-dotées, qui sont au bord de l’épuisement. Les médecins ne peuvent pas être en dehors du récit national et de l’exigence de faire vivre nos belles valeurs républicaines, en particulier l’égalité.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 387,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731153",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 162,
   "annotation_id": "Nd21cdbf65fa4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…mais c’est l’assurance que grâce à la pugnacité des membres de notre groupe transpartisan, en particulier de notre excellent rapporteur, [PERSONNE] (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]), nous ferons œuvre utile en inscrivant dans la loi une forme de régulation, l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins et aux études et la mise en œuvre d’une permanence des soins mieux partagée. Aujourd’hui, le mot régulation est inscrit dans le débat public et c’est une très belle victoire. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)Bien sûr, nous écoutons et entendons les inquiétudes des organisations de médecins, jeunes ou moins jeunes, mais nous écoutons et entendons d’abord les patients qui n’en peuvent plus, ainsi que les médecins des zones sous-dotées, qui sont au bord de l’épuisement. Les médecins ne peuvent pas être en dehors du récit national et de l’exigence de faire vivre nos belles valeurs républicaines, en particulier l’égalité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731156",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731156"
   ],
   "order": 390,
   "text": "Dans notre pays, nous avons collectivement choisi et fait en sorte que l’accès aux soins et aux services de santé soit permis par une socialisation des moyens et des ressources. C’est la belle et grande sécurité sociale qui nous permet cela ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, LFI-NFP, SOC et EcoS.) Les avancées que nous préconisons s’inscrivent pleinement dans la belle aventure collective de la sécurité sociale. Les médecins, comme les dentistes, les pharmaciens, les infirmières, les kinésithérapeutes, les sages-femmes, pourront être fiers de répondre à l’angoisse de nos concitoyens et de participer au redressement du pays. (Mêmes mouvements.)Faisons confiance aux médecins : ils contribueront à faire vivre le droit à la santé qui irrigue nos textes fondamentaux. Le combat n’est pas fini, mais aujourd’hui les habitants de notre pays savent que nous ne nous interdirons plus d’utiliser l’outil de la régulation comme choix politique, dont nous pourrons collectivement être fiers. Nous donnons rendez-vous à nos amis sénateurs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, SOC et EcoS ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Mme Marie-Agnès Poussier-Winsback et M. Christophe Marion applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 390,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731156",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 188,
   "annotation_id": "Ndfaec78a1254",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans notre pays, nous avons collectivement choisi et fait en sorte que l’accès aux soins et aux services de santé soit permis par une socialisation des moyens et des ressources. C’est la belle et grande sécurité sociale qui nous permet cela ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Les avancées que nous préconisons s’inscrivent pleinement dans la belle aventure collective de la sécurité sociale. Les médecins, comme les dentistes, les pharmaciens, les infirmières, les kinésithérapeutes, les sages-femmes, pourront être fiers de répondre à l’angoisse de nos concitoyens et de participer au redressement du pays. (Mêmes mouvements.)Faisons confiance aux médecins : ils contribueront à faire vivre le droit à la santé qui irrigue nos textes fondamentaux. Le combat n’est pas fini, mais aujourd’hui les habitants de notre pays savent que nous ne nous interdirons plus d’utiliser l’outil de la régulation comme choix politique, dont nous pourrons collectivement être fiers. Nous donnons rendez-vous à nos amis sénateurs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731164",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731164"
   ],
   "order": 398,
   "text": "Un mot pour conclure ce beau débat : nous avons franchi ce soir une étape importante pour nos concitoyens. Voilà des années que nous essayons les uns et les autres de conduire ce débat contre les déserts médicaux. Voilà trois ans que nous avons fait vivre un groupe transpartisan à l’Assemblée nationale (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et GDR), considérant que nous pouvions construire ensemble, au-delà de nos différences, des majorités de projets, des majorités d’idées, des majorités de convictions. Nous y sommes.D’autres l’ont souligné avant moi, nous n’avons pas de solution miracle à avancer, mais nous voulons créer de nouveaux outils pour renforcer l’efficacité de nos politiques publiques de santé et lutter contre la désertification médicale. Nous devons nous mettre à la tâche pour stopper l’aggravation des inégalités entre les territoires, donc entre nos concitoyens. (M. Philippe Brun applaudit.)Un mot pour conclure : on dit souvent que lorsque les déserts médicaux avancent, c’est la République qui recule. Ce soir, nous avons remis un peu de République dans notre organisation collective,…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 398,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731164",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 173,
   "annotation_id": "Ne0e7ca86a3d1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Un mot pour conclure ce beau débat : nous avons franchi ce soir une étape importante pour nos concitoyens. Voilà des années que nous essayons les uns et les autres de conduire ce débat contre les déserts médicaux. Voilà trois ans que nous avons fait vivre un groupe transpartisan à l’Assemblée nationale (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]), considérant que nous pouvions construire ensemble, au-delà de nos différences, des majorités de projets, des majorités d’idées, des majorités de convictions. Nous y sommes.D’autres l’ont souligné avant moi, nous n’avons pas de solution miracle à avancer, mais nous voulons créer de nouveaux outils pour renforcer l’efficacité de nos politiques publiques de santé et lutter contre la désertification médicale. Nous devons nous mettre à la tâche pour stopper l’aggravation des inégalités entre les territoires, donc entre nos concitoyens. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Un mot pour conclure : on dit souvent que lorsque les déserts médicaux avancent, c’est la République qui recule. Ce soir, nous avons remis un peu de République dans notre organisation collective,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731168",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731168"
   ],
   "order": 402,
   "text": "…cette République qui doit veiller sur chacun de nous, qui que nous soyons, où que nous habitions – notre santé ne peut pas dépendre de notre code postal. Je veux vous dire combien je suis fier du travail collectif que nous avons réalisé ensemble. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.) Nous avons avancé pour redonner à notre pays la cohésion qu’il mérite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, dont plusieurs députés se lèvent, EcoS, HOR et GDR. – MM. Jérôme Nury et Xavier Breton applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 402,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731168",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 90,
   "annotation_id": "Nd9c2559c74bc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…cette République qui doit veiller sur chacun de nous, qui que nous soyons, où que nous habitions – notre santé ne peut pas dépendre de notre code postal. Je veux vous dire combien je suis fier du travail collectif que nous avons réalisé ensemble. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Nous avons avancé pour redonner à notre pays la cohésion qu’il mérite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], dont plusieurs députés se lèvent, [GROUPE], HOR et [GROUPE]. – MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.xml",
   "source_sha256": "51a09a1beb733f80e0c39ab43030a998464f8c93a8f563a3b77c71e23cfc95fa",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731170",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731170"
   ],
   "order": 404,
   "text": "En tant que ministre, je souhaite naturellement saluer le travail du Parlement et celui du groupe transpartisan. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.) Même si nous ne sommes pas d’accord sur les solutions à apporter, nous partageons le constat que les déserts médicaux et les difficultés d’accès aux soins demeurent une des principales préoccupations de nos concitoyens, quels que soient les territoires – en métropole, en outre-mer, en ruralité.Je veux souligner la qualité du travail qui a été conduit avec chacun des groupes politiques et avec le groupe transpartisan. Je le répète, si j’avais pensé que la régulation est le bon remède à la situation, je l’aurais soutenue. Mon expérience de vingt-cinq ans en tant que médecin et en tant qu’élu local m’amène à poser plusieurs constats. Le problème des déserts médicaux en France est le résultat d’une trentaine d’années de politiques. Le constat est numérique : nous manquons de médecins en France. Nous formons à peu près le même nombre de médecins qu’en 1970 – oui, vous avez bien entendu –, alors que la France compte 15 millions d’habitants de plus et connaît un vieillissement de sa population et une croissance des maladies chroniques.Autre fait important dont il faut tenir compte : le rapport au travail des professionnels de santé a changé. Quand un médecin généraliste part en retraite, il en faut 2,3 pour le remplacer. Le sujet est numérique : il faut former plus et former mieux. Nous proposerons dans le pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux la suppression du numerus apertus, pour former en fonction des besoins des territoires, et l’augmentation de la capacité d’accueil des universités. (Mme Marie-Agnès Poussier-Winsback applaudit.) Nous voulons aussi permettre le retour dans le système de formation français des jeunes Français qui sont partis étudier à l’étranger – en Roumanie, en Belgique, en Espagne. (Mme Marie-Agnès Poussier-Winsback applaudit.) Il n’est pas acceptable que la septième puissance mondiale ait perdu le contrôle de son système de formation et d’études de santé médicales et paramédicales.L’axe suivant sera naturellement de favoriser les passerelles. Des professionnels, notamment paramédicaux, veulent devenir médecins dans le cadre de la formation continue. N’oublions pas les 3 700 docteurs juniors qui seront disponibles dès le 2 novembre 2026. En tant que ministre de la santé, je me suis engagé à prendre les décrets qui préciseront les conditions de leur installation et de leur rémunération dans des cabinets, ainsi que celles dans lesquelles les maîtres de stage les accueilleront.Enfin, il s’agira aussi de faciliter l’accès aux concours aux praticiens diplômés hors de l’Union européenne en tenant compte de leurs compétences et de leurs connaissances, afin qu’ils puissent davantage exercer : près de 4 000 d’entre eux seront admis dans nos effectifs. Les mesures que je viens d’évoquer prennent un peu de temps pour faire sentir leur plein effet, même si l’augmentation du nombre de docteurs juniors sera rapidement visible dans les territoires. Entre-temps, des solutions rapides doivent donc être imaginées.C’est pourquoi nous mobilisons l’ensemble des élus locaux – les maires, les présidents d’intercommunalité et d’agglomération, les départements, les régions – autour des préfets, au titre de l’aménagement du territoire. Personne ne veut aller vivre dans un territoire où il est impossible de se faire soigner, mais personne non plus n’a envie de le quitter. En lien avec les agences régionales de santé, nous favoriserons donc, dès septembre prochain, une dimension collective de l’offre de soins en créant une obligation pour les médecins, en fonction de leurs capacités, d’assurer jusqu’à deux jours par mois une présence médicale qui fait tant défaut dans les déserts médicaux, grâce aux assistants médicaux et aux locaux mis à disposition par les élus.Au fur et à mesure que nous augmenterons le nombre de médecins en formation pour pouvoir satisfaire les besoins, ces mesures pourront se poursuivre et se compléter pour, je l’espère, favoriser leur installation.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 404,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731170",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 639,
   "annotation_id": "N4a9b9ef44240",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En tant que ministre, je souhaite naturellement saluer le travail du Parlement et celui du groupe transpartisan. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Même si nous ne sommes pas d’accord sur les solutions à apporter, nous partageons le constat que les déserts médicaux et les difficultés d’accès aux soins demeurent une des principales préoccupations de nos concitoyens, quels que soient les territoires – en métropole, en outre-mer, en ruralité.Je veux souligner la qualité du travail qui a été conduit avec chacun des groupes politiques et avec le groupe transpartisan. Je le répète, si j’avais pensé que la régulation est le bon remède à la situation, je l’aurais soutenue. Mon expérience de vingt-cinq ans en tant que médecin et en tant qu’élu local m’amène à poser plusieurs constats. Le problème des déserts médicaux en France est le résultat d’une trentaine d’années de politiques. Le constat est numérique : nous manquons de médecins en France. Nous formons à peu près le même nombre de médecins qu’en 1970 – oui, vous avez bien entendu –, alors que la France compte 15 millions d’habitants de plus et connaît un vieillissement de sa population et une croissance des maladies chroniques.Autre fait important dont il faut tenir compte : le rapport au travail des professionnels de santé a changé. Quand un médecin généraliste part en retraite, il en faut 2,3 pour le remplacer. Le sujet est numérique : il faut former plus et former mieux. Nous proposerons dans le pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux la suppression du numerus apertus, pour former en fonction des besoins des territoires, et l’augmentation de la capacité d’accueil des universités. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Nous voulons aussi permettre le retour dans le système de formation français des jeunes Français qui sont partis étudier à l’étranger – en Roumanie, en Belgique, en Espagne. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Il n’est pas acceptable que la septième puissance mondiale ait perdu le contrôle de son système de formation et d’études de santé médicales et paramédicales.L’axe suivant sera naturellement de favoriser les passerelles. Des professionnels, notamment paramédicaux, veulent devenir médecins dans le cadre de la formation continue. N’oublions pas les 3 700 docteurs juniors qui seront disponibles dès le 2 novembre 2026. En tant que ministre de la santé, je me suis engagé à prendre les décrets qui préciseront les conditions de leur installation et de leur rémunération dans des cabinets, ainsi que celles dans lesquelles les maîtres de stage les accueilleront.Enfin, il s’agira aussi de faciliter l’accès aux concours aux praticiens diplômés hors de l’Union européenne en tenant compte de leurs compétences et de leurs connaissances, afin qu’ils puissent davantage exercer : près de 4 000 d’entre eux seront admis dans nos effectifs. Les mesures que je viens d’évoquer prennent un peu de temps pour faire sentir leur plein effet, même si l’augmentation du nombre de docteurs juniors sera rapidement visible dans les territoires. Entre-temps, des solutions rapides doivent donc être imaginées.C’est pourquoi nous mobilisons l’ensemble des élus locaux – les maires, les présidents d’intercommunalité et d’agglomération, les départements, les régions – autour des préfets, au titre de l’aménagement du territoire. Personne ne veut aller vivre dans un territoire où il est impossible de se faire soigner, mais personne non plus n’a envie de le quitter. En lien avec les agences régionales de santé, nous favoriserons donc, dès septembre prochain, une dimension collective de l’offre de soins en créant une obligation pour les médecins, en fonction de leurs capacités, d’assurer jusqu’à deux jours par mois une présence médicale qui fait tant défaut dans les déserts médicaux, grâce aux assistants médicaux et aux locaux mis à disposition par les élus.Au fur et à mesure que nous augmenterons le nombre de médecins en formation pour pouvoir satisfaire les besoins, ces mesures pourront se poursuivre et se compléter pour, je l’espère, favoriser leur installation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186",
   "date": "2025-05-07",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29362",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mercredi 07 mai 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731403",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3731403"
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   "order": 412,
   "text": "Il convient aussi de favoriser la formation dans chaque territoire, en proposant un accès à la première année de médecine dans chaque département. En effet, comme vous l’avez tous souligné, on ne s’installe pas dans un territoire qu’on ne connaît pas. Voilà les mesures que nous proposerons et que nous appliquerons grâce à différents véhicules législatifs. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, SOC, DR, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Vote sur l’ensemble",
   "article": "Article 5",
   "article_id": "3731490",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 412,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N186-3731403",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "N8f18c0e9ae36",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il convient aussi de favoriser la formation dans chaque territoire, en proposant un accès à la première année de médecine dans chaque département. En effet, comme vous l’avez tous souligné, on ne s’installe pas dans un territoire qu’on ne connaît pas. Voilà les mesures que nous proposerons et que nous appliquerons grâce à différents véhicules législatifs. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR, Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063",
   "date": "2024-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28742",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 04 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8875ce58ef5f51bb91bfa0aafd01a39fdd95540b143f696fa0287f4eeca5c9c4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3587564",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3587564"
   ],
   "order": 171,
   "text": "Dans quelques heures, chaque député décidera de voter ou de ne pas voter la motion de censure. Je dis aux Français qui nous regardent ou qui nous écoutent que la censure aurait de lourdes conséquences.Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à 7 milliards d’euros supplémentaires pour les hôpitaux et à un meilleur accès aux soins partout. (M. Manuel Bompard fait non de la main.) Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à 2 milliards d’euros pour les Ehpad et à la revalorisation des soignants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, EPR et DR.) Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à de nouveaux moyens de lutte contre la fraude sociale. Vous prétendez y être attachés (L’orateur se tourne vers les bancs du groupe RN), mais c’est faux. Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à l’accès direct et sans ordonnance au dispositif Mon soutien psy alors que la santé mentale est une priorité. Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à la réforme de la taxe soda, le meilleur outil de prévention du diabète et des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les jeunes. (Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin fait non de la main.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Conséquences du rejet du PLFSS",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 171,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3587564",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 181,
   "annotation_id": "Nc1c81d336970",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Dans quelques heures, chaque député décidera de voter ou de ne pas voter la motion de censure. Je dis aux Français qui nous regardent ou qui nous écoutent que la censure aurait de lourdes conséquences.Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à 7 milliards d’euros supplémentaires pour les hôpitaux et à un meilleur accès aux soins partout. (M. [PERSONNE] fait non de la main.) Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à 2 milliards d’euros pour les Ehpad et à la revalorisation des soignants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE] et DR.) Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à de nouveaux moyens de lutte contre la fraude sociale. Vous prétendez y être attachés (L’orateur se tourne vers les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), mais c’est faux. Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à l’accès direct et sans ordonnance au dispositif Mon soutien psy alors que la santé mentale est une priorité. Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à la réforme de la taxe soda, le meilleur outil de prévention du diabète et des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les jeunes. (Mme [PERSONNE] fait non de la main.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063",
   "date": "2024-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28742",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 04 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8875ce58ef5f51bb91bfa0aafd01a39fdd95540b143f696fa0287f4eeca5c9c4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3587567",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3587567"
   ],
   "order": 174,
   "text": "Voter la censure, c’est renoncer au cumul emploi-retraite pour les médecins dont on a tant besoin dans les déserts médicaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, EPR et DR.) Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à la revalorisation des petites retraites agricoles. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes RN et LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Questions au gouvernement",
   "section": "Questions au gouvernement / Conséquences du rejet du PLFSS",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 174,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3587567",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 51,
   "annotation_id": "N8ba37814bc82",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Voter la censure, c’est renoncer au cumul emploi-retraite pour les médecins dont on a tant besoin dans les déserts médicaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE] et DR.) Voter la censure, c’est renoncer à la revalorisation des petites retraites agricoles. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063",
   "date": "2024-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28742",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 04 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719938",
   "speaker": "Marc Fesneau",
   "quality": "M. Marc Fesneau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3588977",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 1109,
   "text": "En dépit de ce que certains voudraient faire croire, ce texte est bien le fruit d’un travail entre les différents blocs des deux assemblées. (« Eh oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.) Permettez-moi – et pardon à ceux que cela gêne – de citer quelques-unes des avancées nées de ce compromis : une meilleure protection des petites retraites, que nous étions nombreux à défendre (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et DR) ;…",
   "top": "Motions de censure",
   "section": "Motions de censure / Discussion commune et votes",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1109,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3588977",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 84,
   "annotation_id": "N496b1f996814",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En dépit de ce que certains voudraient faire croire, ce texte est bien le fruit d’un travail entre les différents blocs des deux assemblées. (« Eh oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.) Permettez-moi – et pardon à ceux que cela gêne – de citer quelques-unes des avancées nées de ce compromis : une meilleure protection des petites retraites, que nous étions nombreux à défendre (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et DR) ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063",
   "date": "2024-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28742",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 04 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.xml",
   "source_sha256": "8875ce58ef5f51bb91bfa0aafd01a39fdd95540b143f696fa0287f4eeca5c9c4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719938",
   "speaker": "Marc Fesneau",
   "quality": "M. Marc Fesneau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3588979",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3588979"
   ],
   "order": 1111,
   "text": "…une fiscalité incitative sur les sodas ; une réforme des allégements généraux de cotisations sociales et patronales, que nous avons pu envisager pour la première fois et à laquelle nous avons su collectivement aboutir, en trouvant un équilibre entre soutien à l’emploi et efficacité de la dépense publique.",
   "top": "Motions de censure",
   "section": "Motions de censure / Discussion commune et votes",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3588979",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N4450cc3bd990",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…une fiscalité incitative sur les sodas ; une réforme des allégements généraux de cotisations sociales et patronales, que nous avons pu envisager pour la première fois et à laquelle nous avons su collectivement aboutir, en trouvant un équilibre entre soutien à l’emploi et efficacité de la dépense publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063",
   "date": "2024-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS28742",
   "title": "Séance du mercredi 04 décembre 2024",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063.html",
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   "source_sha256": "8875ce58ef5f51bb91bfa0aafd01a39fdd95540b143f696fa0287f4eeca5c9c4",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719938",
   "speaker": "Marc Fesneau",
   "quality": "M. Marc Fesneau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3588981",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3588981"
   ],
   "order": 1113,
   "text": "Ce PLFSS contient surtout des avancées concrètes pour nos concitoyens. Sans lui, les mesures de prévention et d’accès aux soins ne seront pas renforcées, il n’y aura pas d’investissements supplémentaires dans le système de santé, pas de mesures destinées à lutter contre la pénurie de médicaments. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.) Sans ce PLFSS, les moyens de la prise en charge de la perte d’autonomie n’augmenteront pas, nos aînés seront privés de plus de 6 500 créations de poste d’accompagnants ; sans lui, il n’y aura ni réforme des retraites des agriculteurs ni ces allégements de charge si cruciaux pour la compétitivité de leurs exploitations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EPR et DR.)Je ne cherche pas à faire peur,…",
   "top": "Motions de censure",
   "section": "Motions de censure / Discussion commune et votes",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1113,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N063-3588981",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 122,
   "annotation_id": "Nb8667e17e2ce",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce PLFSS contient surtout des avancées concrètes pour nos concitoyens. Sans lui, les mesures de prévention et d’accès aux soins ne seront pas renforcées, il n’y aura pas d’investissements supplémentaires dans le système de santé, pas de mesures destinées à lutter contre la pénurie de médicaments. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.) Sans ce PLFSS, les moyens de la prise en charge de la perte d’autonomie n’augmenteront pas, nos aînés seront privés de plus de 6 500 créations de poste d’accompagnants ; sans lui, il n’y aura ni réforme des retraites des agriculteurs ni ces allégements de charge si cruciaux pour la compétitivité de leurs exploitations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et DR.)Je ne cherche pas à faire peur,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur de la commission des affaires sociales",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695456",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695456"
   ],
   "order": 1015,
   "text": "Dans nos campagnes, dans nos quartiers populaires, dans de trop nombreux territoires de France, montent l’inquiétude, l’angoisse, et de plus en plus, la colère, quand les Français voient leur généraliste partir en retraite sans être remplacé ou quand il leur faut des semaines – des mois – pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un ophtalmo ou un dermatologue. Pas moins de 6 millions de Français sont sans médecin traitant ; 8 millions vivent dans un désert médical.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
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   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695456",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 76,
   "annotation_id": "N649376343ff8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans nos campagnes, dans nos quartiers populaires, dans de trop nombreux territoires de France, montent l’inquiétude, l’angoisse, et de plus en plus, la colère, quand les Français voient leur généraliste partir en retraite sans être remplacé ou quand il leur faut des semaines – des mois – pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un ophtalmo ou un dermatologue. Pas moins de 6 millions de Français sont sans médecin traitant ; 8 millions vivent dans un désert médical."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 1017,
   "text": "Cette détresse, les cahiers de doléances rédigés au moment de la crise des gilets jaunes en sont pleins ; cette colère, elle n’est pas éteinte – l’absence de médecins et l’incapacité à être correctement soigné selon le lieu où l’on habite nourrissent un sentiment d’abandon, qui est délétère pour notre République, laquelle a failli dans sa promesse d’égalité de tous devant la santé.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1017,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695458",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 63,
   "annotation_id": "N4bcf28f0130b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette détresse, les cahiers de doléances rédigés au moment de la crise des gilets jaunes en sont pleins ; cette colère, elle n’est pas éteinte – l’absence de médecins et l’incapacité à être correctement soigné selon le lieu où l’on habite nourrissent un sentiment d’abandon, qui est délétère pour notre République, laquelle a failli dans sa promesse d’égalité de tous devant la santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 1019,
   "text": "Nous payons tous l’impôt, nous nous acquittons tous des mêmes cotisations sociales, mais nous ne sommes pas égaux dans l’accès aux soins. C’est une terrible injustice ; un terrible échec collectif, aussi, dont chacun, majorités de gauche, de droite, du centre, syndicats professionnels, a une part de responsabilité. Le moment est venu de réparer cette injustice ; nous ne devons nous interdire aucune solution.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1019,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695460",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "Ne07fe4906446",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous payons tous l’impôt, nous nous acquittons tous des mêmes cotisations sociales, mais nous ne sommes pas égaux dans l’accès aux soins. C’est une terrible injustice ; un terrible échec collectif, aussi, dont chacun, majorités de gauche, de droite, du centre, syndicats professionnels, a une part de responsabilité. Le moment est venu de réparer cette injustice ; nous ne devons nous interdire aucune solution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695462",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695462"
   ],
   "order": 1021,
   "text": "Il y a urgence à agir : les inégalités ne cessent de se creuser entre les territoires, donc entre les Français. Entre 2010 et 2023, le nombre de médecins par habitant a augmenté de près de 28 % dans les Hautes-Alpes, de près de 23 % dans les Pyrénées-Atlantiques et de 21 % en Haute-Savoie – même si de fortes disparités existent au sein de ces départements ; il a en revanche diminué de près de 16 % dans la Creuse, de 12 % dans l’Indre et de 13 % dans le Gers.Je viens devant vous aujourd’hui au nom de 255 députés, de gauche, de droite et du centre, qui ont cosigné cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS, GDR et quelques bancs des groupes EPR, DR, Dem, HOR et LIOT.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1021,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695462",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 137,
   "annotation_id": "N4d9fc525073b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a urgence à agir : les inégalités ne cessent de se creuser entre les territoires, donc entre les Français. Entre 2010 et 2023, le nombre de médecins par habitant a augmenté de près de 28 % dans les Hautes-Alpes, de près de 23 % dans les Pyrénées-Atlantiques et de 21 % en Haute-Savoie – même si de fortes disparités existent au sein de ces départements ; il a en revanche diminué de près de 16 % dans la Creuse, de 12 % dans l’Indre et de 13 % dans le Gers.Je viens devant vous aujourd’hui au nom de 255 députés, de gauche, de droite et du centre, qui ont cosigné cette proposition de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR, Dem, HOR et LIOT.)"
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  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
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   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 1024,
   "text": "Elle est le fruit d’un travail de bientôt trois années, mené par le groupe de travail transpartisan contre les déserts médicaux. Nous avons auditionné des dizaines d’acteurs de notre système de santé, en particulier nos médecins, dont nous mesurons l’engagement auprès de leurs patients. Nous avons sillonné la France pour aller à la rencontre des citoyens qui souffrent et attendent des solutions. À chaque réunion publique, les salles étaient pleines – bien davantage d’ailleurs que dans nos réunions de campagne électorale.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 1024,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695465",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "Nd45bdac72d98",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Elle est le fruit d’un travail de bientôt trois années, mené par le groupe de travail transpartisan contre les déserts médicaux. Nous avons auditionné des dizaines d’acteurs de notre système de santé, en particulier nos médecins, dont nous mesurons l’engagement auprès de leurs patients. Nous avons sillonné la France pour aller à la rencontre des citoyens qui souffrent et attendent des solutions. À chaque réunion publique, les salles étaient pleines – bien davantage d’ailleurs que dans nos réunions de campagne électorale."
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
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   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695467",
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   ],
   "order": 1026,
   "text": "Notre diversité a été une grande richesse : ce que nous vous proposons est l’aboutissement d’un cheminement collectif et d’un compromis équilibré, entre des sensibilités très différentes. Nous sommes convaincus que notre proposition de loi peut nous rassembler ce soir, autour de l’exigence de trouver des solutions et de redonner espoir à des millions de Français car partout, nous entendons la même demande : « Agissez ! »",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1026,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695467",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "Nabc7f7014fd7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre diversité a été une grande richesse : ce que nous vous proposons est l’aboutissement d’un cheminement collectif et d’un compromis équilibré, entre des sensibilités très différentes. Nous sommes convaincus que notre proposition de loi peut nous rassembler ce soir, autour de l’exigence de trouver des solutions et de redonner espoir à des millions de Français car partout, nous entendons la même demande : « Agissez ! »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695469",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695469"
   ],
   "order": 1028,
   "text": "Nous vous proposons d’agir : par la régulation de l’installation d’abord, comme c’est le cas pour les autres professions de santé – les pharmaciens, les masseurs-kinésithérapeutes, les sages-femmes, les infirmières, et, depuis le 1er janvier, pour les dentistes.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1028,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695469",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 38,
   "annotation_id": "N00412229dc3e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous vous proposons d’agir : par la régulation de l’installation d’abord, comme c’est le cas pour les autres professions de santé – les pharmaciens, les masseurs-kinésithérapeutes, les sages-femmes, les infirmières, et, depuis le 1er janvier, pour les dentistes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695471",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 1030,
   "text": "La régulation n’est pas la coercition. Le principe de liberté d’installation prévaut : il est inchangé pour 87 % du territoire. Il est simplement encadré pour les 13 % restants, afin de ne pas concentrer davantage l’offre de soins, là où les besoins de santé sont suffisamment pourvus.Agir ensuite par la démocratisation de l’accès aux études de médecine. Ainsi, pour que davantage de jeunes issus du milieu rural et des quartiers populaires entament ce parcours universitaire, nous proposons une première année en santé dans chaque département, en particulier dans les zones sous-dotées.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1030,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695471",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 92,
   "annotation_id": "Ne329b85398cf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La régulation n’est pas la coercition. Le principe de liberté d’installation prévaut : il est inchangé pour 87 % du territoire. Il est simplement encadré pour les 13 % restants, afin de ne pas concentrer davantage l’offre de soins, là où les besoins de santé sont suffisamment pourvus.Agir ensuite par la démocratisation de l’accès aux études de médecine. Ainsi, pour que davantage de jeunes issus du milieu rural et des quartiers populaires entament ce parcours universitaire, nous proposons une première année en santé dans chaque département, en particulier dans les zones sous-dotées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695743",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 1033,
   "text": "Agir aussi par le rétablissement de la permanence des soins pour mieux répartir l’effort entre tous les médecins libéraux et salariés. Il s’agit de garantir partout l’accueil de patients qui, sinon, se tournent vers des services d’urgences déjà engorgés.Agir enfin en supprimant la majoration des tarifs de consultation pour les patients sans médecin traitant afin de mettre fin à cette double peine qu’est le fait de n’avoir pas de médecin et d’en être sanctionné.Nous savons que la situation se dégrade à un rythme rapide. Pire encore, si l’on envisage l’horizon 2032, près de 30 % des médecins généralistes en activité partiront en retraite. Nous n’avons plus de temps à perdre !Bien sûr, il serait faux de dire que rien n’a été fait depuis toutes ces années : une politique très incitative a été développée à travers les maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires, les centres de santé, de très nombreuses aides sociales et fiscales à l’installation, la fin du numerus clausus, les postes d’assistants médicaux, les guichets uniques départementaux, etc. Ces mesures d’incitation ont été utiles, et il n’est pas question, je le dis, de les remettre en cause. Mais reconnaissons tout de même qu’elles ont coûté fort cher et qu’elles n’ont pas produit les effets attendus. Elles étaient nécessaires et donc utiles, mais pas suffisantes faute d’une régulation pouvant leur donner pleine efficacité. Car c’est un ensemble de mesures assurant la cohérence entre incitation et régulation qui permettra enfin d’être efficaces face à la désertification médicale.Pour conclure, je veux vous dire que, bien sûr, nous entendons la voix des opposants à notre proposition de loi. Et nous leur répondrons. Je veux d’ailleurs à cet instant saluer l’engagement du ministre de la santé, qui a toujours été un artisan du dialogue…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1033,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695743",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 289,
   "annotation_id": "N23a495278b06",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Agir aussi par le rétablissement de la permanence des soins pour mieux répartir l’effort entre tous les médecins libéraux et salariés. Il s’agit de garantir partout l’accueil de patients qui, sinon, se tournent vers des services d’urgences déjà engorgés.Agir enfin en supprimant la majoration des tarifs de consultation pour les patients sans médecin traitant afin de mettre fin à cette double peine qu’est le fait de n’avoir pas de médecin et d’en être sanctionné.Nous savons que la situation se dégrade à un rythme rapide. Pire encore, si l’on envisage l’horizon 2032, près de 30 % des médecins généralistes en activité partiront en retraite. Nous n’avons plus de temps à perdre !Bien sûr, il serait faux de dire que rien n’a été fait depuis toutes ces années : une politique très incitative a été développée à travers les maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires, les centres de santé, de très nombreuses aides sociales et fiscales à l’installation, la fin du numerus clausus, les postes d’assistants médicaux, les guichets uniques départementaux, etc. Ces mesures d’incitation ont été utiles, et il n’est pas question, je le dis, de les remettre en cause. Mais reconnaissons tout de même qu’elles ont coûté fort cher et qu’elles n’ont pas produit les effets attendus. Elles étaient nécessaires et donc utiles, mais pas suffisantes faute d’une régulation pouvant leur donner pleine efficacité. Car c’est un ensemble de mesures assurant la cohérence entre incitation et régulation qui permettra enfin d’être efficaces face à la désertification médicale.Pour conclure, je veux vous dire que, bien sûr, nous entendons la voix des opposants à notre proposition de loi. Et nous leur répondrons. Je veux d’ailleurs à cet instant saluer l’engagement du ministre de la santé, qui a toujours été un artisan du dialogue…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695749",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 1039,
   "text": "…pour que les échanges puissent avoir lieu en permanence. Mais nous entendons chaque semaine, dans nos circonscriptions, la voix de ceux qui n’ont plus de médecin et qui attendent enfin des réponses. C’est le début d’un processus parlementaire qui améliorera le texte en l’enrichissant. Nous avons la charge de l’intérêt général, mes chers collègues, et le devoir d’avancer sur cette question pour que nul ne se sente plus abandonné. Car je veux le redire : quand les déserts médicaux avancent, c’est la République qui recule.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1039,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695749",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N1ac3462d8127",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…pour que les échanges puissent avoir lieu en permanence. Mais nous entendons chaque semaine, dans nos circonscriptions, la voix de ceux qui n’ont plus de médecin et qui attendent enfin des réponses. C’est le début d’un processus parlementaire qui améliorera le texte en l’enrichissant. Nous avons la charge de l’intérêt général, mes chers collègues, et le devoir d’avancer sur cette question pour que nul ne se sente plus abandonné. Car je veux le redire : quand les déserts médicaux avancent, c’est la République qui recule."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695780",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695780"
   ],
   "order": 1041,
   "text": "Notre responsabilité ce soir est donc grande ! Nous avons la capacité de retrouver le fil de notre histoire, de renouer avec une France où chacun se sent respecté à égalité de droits et de devoirs, et où la République est présente pour chacun. C’est le sens de notre combat contre les déserts médicaux, un combat qui nous rassemble et que, j’en suis sûr, vous partagez avec nous car, chers collègues, nous légiférons sous le regard des Français, et nos compatriotes comptent sur nous. Alors ne les décevons pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LFI-NFP, SOC, EcoS, GDR et quelques bancs des groupes EPR, DR, Dem, HOR et LIOT. – Mme Stella Dupont applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1041,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695780",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "N38d1ebac97f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre responsabilité ce soir est donc grande ! Nous avons la capacité de retrouver le fil de notre histoire, de renouer avec une France où chacun se sent respecté à égalité de droits et de devoirs, et où la République est présente pour chacun. C’est le sens de notre combat contre les déserts médicaux, un combat qui nous rassemble et que, j’en suis sûr, vous partagez avec nous car, chers collègues, nous légiférons sous le regard des Français, et nos compatriotes comptent sur nous. Alors ne les décevons pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], DR, Dem, HOR et LIOT. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre chargé de la santé et de l’accès aux soins",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695751",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 1043,
   "text": "Ce soir, c’est un objectif commun qui nous réunit : celui de la lutte contre la désertification médicale qui, comme vous le savez, touche l’ensemble de nos territoires, exacerbe les inégalités de santé et menace le droit de nos concitoyens à avoir accès à des soins adaptés et de qualité proches de chez eux. C’est un enjeu qui n’est pas nouveau mais qui s’enracine et dont les causes sont anciennes. La désertification médicale entraîne une perte de chance pour les Françaises et pour les Français.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1043,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695751",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 85,
   "annotation_id": "N4fb853f0a994",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce soir, c’est un objectif commun qui nous réunit : celui de la lutte contre la désertification médicale qui, comme vous le savez, touche l’ensemble de nos territoires, exacerbe les inégalités de santé et menace le droit de nos concitoyens à avoir accès à des soins adaptés et de qualité proches de chez eux. C’est un enjeu qui n’est pas nouveau mais qui s’enracine et dont les causes sont anciennes. La désertification médicale entraîne une perte de chance pour les Françaises et pour les Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695753",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695753"
   ],
   "order": 1045,
   "text": "La réalité, nous la connaissons bien. La situation est grave et il nous faut la regarder en face : nous manquons de médecins. Dire cela, ce n’est pas chercher des coupables, ni même régler des comptes a posteriori, c’est seulement énoncer des faits. Cette réalité, c’est celle d’une véritable crise démographique. Vous la vivez chaque jour dans vos circonscriptions puisqu’il y a au moins 577 déserts médicaux en France…C’est le premier sujet sur lequel les Français m’interpellent lorsque je me déplace dans le pays. C’est aussi le premier sujet sur lequel vous, députés de tous les territoires et de tous bords politiques, m’alertez au quotidien, et ce à juste titre. Ancien élu local et député d’un territoire rural, je sais combien c’est une préoccupation de tous, de tous les instants, et qui doit mobiliser l’énergie de tout le monde. La semaine dernière encore, j’étais dans l’Allier, venu assister à une réunion publique organisée par Nicolas Ray, et c’est aussi ce qu’on m’a dit : « Nous n’avons pas de médecin, nous n’avons plus de médecin. » Vous savez que je suis un ministre qui n’aime pas forcément rester dans son ministère et j’entends le même constat partout, sans exception et dans tous les territoires, y compris à la montagne, chez moi, dans l’Isère, mais aussi en Savoie, dans le Jura, du Grand Est à l’Occitanie, dans nos communes rurales comme dans nos grandes métropoles.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "last_order": 1045,
   "amendments": [],
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   "direct": true,
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   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 234,
   "annotation_id": "N27ee454443d0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La réalité, nous la connaissons bien. La situation est grave et il nous faut la regarder en face : nous manquons de médecins. Dire cela, ce n’est pas chercher des coupables, ni même régler des comptes a posteriori, c’est seulement énoncer des faits. Cette réalité, c’est celle d’une véritable crise démographique. Vous la vivez chaque jour dans vos circonscriptions puisqu’il y a au moins 577 déserts médicaux en France…C’est le premier sujet sur lequel les Français m’interpellent lorsque je me déplace dans le pays. C’est aussi le premier sujet sur lequel vous, députés de tous les territoires et de tous bords politiques, m’alertez au quotidien, et ce à juste titre. Ancien élu local et député d’un territoire rural, je sais combien c’est une préoccupation de tous, de tous les instants, et qui doit mobiliser l’énergie de tout le monde. La semaine dernière encore, j’étais dans l’Allier, venu assister à une réunion publique organisée par [PERSONNE], et c’est aussi ce qu’on m’a dit : « Nous n’avons pas de médecin, nous n’avons plus de médecin. » Vous savez que je suis un ministre qui n’aime pas forcément rester dans son ministère et j’entends le même constat partout, sans exception et dans tous les territoires, y compris à la montagne, chez moi, dans l’Isère, mais aussi en Savoie, dans le Jura, du Grand Est à l’Occitanie, dans nos communes rurales comme dans nos grandes métropoles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695755",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695755"
   ],
   "order": 1048,
   "text": "C’est un défi immense auquel nous faisons face, hérité de choix irrationnels faits il y a plusieurs décennies et remis en cause bien tard alors que les besoins de santé de nos compatriotes sont inéluctablement appelés à augmenter sous l’effet conjugué du vieillissement de la population et de la hausse des maladies chroniques, des polypathologies et de la dépendance. C’est un défi encore plus immense quand on pense qu’aujourd’hui, nous formons autant de médecins qu’en 1970… alors que la population française a augmenté de 15 millions d’habitants et qu’il faut désormais 2,3 jeunes praticiens pour compenser un départ en retraite.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1048,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695755",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "Na00861122417",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un défi immense auquel nous faisons face, hérité de choix irrationnels faits il y a plusieurs décennies et remis en cause bien tard alors que les besoins de santé de nos compatriotes sont inéluctablement appelés à augmenter sous l’effet conjugué du vieillissement de la population et de la hausse des maladies chroniques, des polypathologies et de la dépendance. C’est un défi encore plus immense quand on pense qu’aujourd’hui, nous formons autant de médecins qu’en 1970… alors que la population française a augmenté de 15 millions d’habitants et qu’il faut désormais 2,3 jeunes praticiens pour compenser un départ en retraite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695758",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695758"
   ],
   "order": 1051,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, le constat que vous et vos cosignataires dressez est évident et je le partage entièrement. Je cite à cet égard l’exposé des motifs de votre proposition de loi : « L’enjeu des inégalités d’accès aux soins n’est pas nouveau, mais l’urgence continue de grandir. » Je voudrais donc commencer en saluant votre investissement sur cet enjeu, investissement auquel vous vous consacrez avec conviction depuis des années. Je veux aussi saluer le travail que vous avez effectué depuis trois ans avec les parlementaires de tous bords…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1051,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695758",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 88,
   "annotation_id": "N1224e29d0f6f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, le constat que vous et vos cosignataires dressez est évident et je le partage entièrement. Je cite à cet égard l’exposé des motifs de votre proposition de loi : « L’enjeu des inégalités d’accès aux soins n’est pas nouveau, mais l’urgence continue de grandir. » Je voudrais donc commencer en saluant votre investissement sur cet enjeu, investissement auquel vous vous consacrez avec conviction depuis des années. Je veux aussi saluer le travail que vous avez effectué depuis trois ans avec les parlementaires de tous bords…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695760",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695760"
   ],
   "order": 1053,
   "text": "…engagés à vos côtés.La proposition de loi que vous soumettez à notre examen est le fruit d’un travail au long cours effectué avec les meilleures intentions dans l’objectif, que l’on partage, d’une meilleure prise en charge partout et pour tous. Cependant,…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1053,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695760",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "N9c5911723b18",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…engagés à vos côtés.La proposition de loi que vous soumettez à notre examen est le fruit d’un travail au long cours effectué avec les meilleures intentions dans l’objectif, que l’on partage, d’une meilleure prise en charge partout et pour tous. Cependant,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695763",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695763"
   ],
   "order": 1056,
   "text": "…si votre diagnostic est bon, à savoir celui d’une pénurie, et si votre engagement transpartisan est sincère, il faut se rendre à l’évidence : une pénurie de médecins, même régulée, restera une pénurie.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1056,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695763",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 33,
   "annotation_id": "Ne2f0e466122e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…si votre diagnostic est bon, à savoir celui d’une pénurie, et si votre engagement transpartisan est sincère, il faut se rendre à l’évidence : une pénurie de médecins, même régulée, restera une pénurie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695765",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695765"
   ],
   "order": 1058,
   "text": "La première question qu’il faut se poser est donc la suivante : pourquoi y a-t-il une pénurie ? C’est que nous payons aujourd’hui le prix des politiques malthusiennes du passé (Mme Béatrice Bellamy applaudit), quand on a voulu à une époque rationner l’offre de soins, et donc le nombre de médecins, pour réduire les coûts, celui des consultations et celui des prescriptions de médicaments notamment.Une fois qu’on a compris cela, une nécessité s’impose : celle de former plus, mieux et partout. Nous devons raisonner avec une ambition qui va au-delà du fait de gérer une pénurie. Le docteur Martial Jardel, généraliste et cofondateur de Médecins solidaires, que j’ai rencontré hier dans le cadre d’un groupe de travail, m’a dit : « Je préfère demander un peu à beaucoup de médecins que demander beaucoup à trop peu de médecins. »Je n’ignore pas la nécessité de trouver, à côté du « former plus » et donc du temps long, des solutions à court et moyen terme pour répondre aux préoccupations de nos concitoyens. Nous devons ainsi, d’une part, augmenter durablement nos effectifs grâce à un véritable choc de formation et, d’autre part, mobiliser dès aujourd’hui toutes les ressources dans les territoires, engager tous les acteurs du système de santé et capitaliser sur toutes les initiatives existantes de nature à transformer l’organisation des soins.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1058,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695765",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 221,
   "annotation_id": "N2b78691cefe2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La première question qu’il faut se poser est donc la suivante : pourquoi y a-t-il une pénurie ? C’est que nous payons aujourd’hui le prix des politiques malthusiennes du passé (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit), quand on a voulu à une époque rationner l’offre de soins, et donc le nombre de médecins, pour réduire les coûts, celui des consultations et celui des prescriptions de médicaments notamment.Une fois qu’on a compris cela, une nécessité s’impose : celle de former plus, mieux et partout. Nous devons raisonner avec une ambition qui va au-delà du fait de gérer une pénurie. Le docteur Martial Jardel, généraliste et cofondateur de Médecins solidaires, que j’ai rencontré hier dans le cadre d’un groupe de travail, m’a dit : « Je préfère demander un peu à beaucoup de médecins que demander beaucoup à trop peu de médecins. »Je n’ignore pas la nécessité de trouver, à côté du « former plus » et donc du temps long, des solutions à court et moyen terme pour répondre aux préoccupations de nos concitoyens. Nous devons ainsi, d’une part, augmenter durablement nos effectifs grâce à un véritable choc de formation et, d’autre part, mobiliser dès aujourd’hui toutes les ressources dans les territoires, engager tous les acteurs du système de santé et capitaliser sur toutes les initiatives existantes de nature à transformer l’organisation des soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695769",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695769"
   ],
   "order": 1063,
   "text": "Par ailleurs, je ne crois pas que l’on puisse gérer la ressource humaine médicale sans tenir compte de l’adhésion des professionnels aux mesures proposées. L’adhésion, c’est fondamental pour une réforme d’ampleur de notre système, dans la santé comme dans l’enseignement, dans le secteur public comme dans l’entreprise.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1063,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695769",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 47,
   "annotation_id": "N75bbcd802cb0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Par ailleurs, je ne crois pas que l’on puisse gérer la ressource humaine médicale sans tenir compte de l’adhésion des professionnels aux mesures proposées. L’adhésion, c’est fondamental pour une réforme d’ampleur de notre système, dans la santé comme dans l’enseignement, dans le secteur public comme dans l’entreprise."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695771",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695771"
   ],
   "order": 1065,
   "text": "Comment imaginer transformer un système sans agir avec celles et ceux qui le font tenir debout et avancer ? Oui, je l’affirme avec clarté : lorsque la contrainte est subie, elle peut s’avérer contre-productive. Et dans la situation présente, vous n’êtes pas sans savoir les risques clairs de déplaquage, de déconventionnement, de départ à l’étranger et même de changement de métier.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1065,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695771",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 61,
   "annotation_id": "N00b35caf2ac7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Comment imaginer transformer un système sans agir avec celles et ceux qui le font tenir debout et avancer ? Oui, je l’affirme avec clarté : lorsque la contrainte est subie, elle peut s’avérer contre-productive. Et dans la situation présente, vous n’êtes pas sans savoir les risques clairs de déplaquage, de déconventionnement, de départ à l’étranger et même de changement de métier."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695788"
   ],
   "order": 1067,
   "text": "Sans oublier le risque de perte d’attractivité de l’exercice médical au moment même où notre enjeu est de le rendre attirant.Ainsi, un médecin de moins dans un centre-ville bien doté n’est pas forcément un médecin de plus dans une commune rurale… C’est prendre le risque de finir avec deux médecins de moins partout.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1067,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695788",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "Nbd1a4699b5a8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sans oublier le risque de perte d’attractivité de l’exercice médical au moment même où notre enjeu est de le rendre attirant.Ainsi, un médecin de moins dans un centre-ville bien doté n’est pas forcément un médecin de plus dans une commune rurale… C’est prendre le risque de finir avec deux médecins de moins partout."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
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   "order": 1070,
   "text": "Je pose alors la question aux 254 cosignataires de cette proposition de loi : lequel d’entre vous serait-il prêt à refuser l’installation d’un médecin sur son territoire ? Je veux éviter à tout prix de fracturer notre système de santé et nos territoires, alors même que nous avons besoin dans ce pays de rassembler pour mobiliser toutes nos forces vives.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
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   "article_id": "",
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   "last_order": 1070,
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   "direct": true,
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   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 60,
   "annotation_id": "N15c88a67add0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je pose alors la question aux 254 cosignataires de cette proposition de loi : lequel d’entre vous serait-il prêt à refuser l’installation d’un médecin sur son territoire ? Je veux éviter à tout prix de fracturer notre système de santé et nos territoires, alors même que nous avons besoin dans ce pays de rassembler pour mobiliser toutes nos forces vives."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 1072,
   "text": "Mesdames, messieurs les députés, ma priorité, vous l’avez compris, est aussi la vôtre : il s’agit de consacrer toute notre énergie à former plus de médecins, à augmenter durablement la ressource médicale dans nos territoires et à engager l’ensemble de nos soignants autour d’une nouvelle organisation qui les mobilise. C’est ainsi seulement que nous relèverons de manière structurelle le défi de l’accès aux soins.Pour y parvenir, il y a des leviers que nous pouvons activer immédiatement : je pense notamment à tout ce que nous avons fait pour sécuriser l’exercice et favoriser la réussite aux EVC, les épreuves de vérification des connaissances, des 20 000 Padhue, ces praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne qui assurent une part non négligeable de la réponse aux besoins de santé dans nos territoires ; je pense aussi, bien sûr, à l’institution de la quatrième année d’internat de médecine générale, soit 3 700 docteurs juniors qui vont arriver, mieux accompagnés et sécurisés, dans vos circonscriptions dès le mois de novembre 2026 – je travaille sans relâche avec les agences régionales de santé (ARS), les élus locaux et les collectivités territoriales afin d’identifier des terrains de stage diversifiés et en nombre suffisant pour les accueillir dans les meilleures conditions et leur donner envie de rester là où ils s’engagent. (Mme Marie-Agnès Poussier-Winsback applaudit.) Je précise que l’engagement des docteurs juniors sera évidemment valorisé en zone sous-dense tout comme le sera leur participation à la PDSA, c’est-à-dire à la permanence des soins ambulatoires. Je veillerai à ce que l’ensemble des décrets nécessaires soient prêts avant l’été.Voilà des pistes concrètes pour augmenter tout de suite les effectifs sur le terrain. Pour le succès de cette mesure, je compte sur la participation de tous, de vous tous, dans tous les territoires.J’ai toutefois bien conscience que ce n’est pas suffisant. C’est pourquoi la première de mes priorités est de réussir le choc de formation dont j’ai parlé. La suppression du numerus clausus en 2019 a constitué un premier pas important. Mais il faut aller plus loin et nous libérer définitivement de la contrainte restante du numerus apertus.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 1072,
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   "annotation_id": "Nb2836810ce63",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mesdames, messieurs les députés, ma priorité, vous l’avez compris, est aussi la vôtre : il s’agit de consacrer toute notre énergie à former plus de médecins, à augmenter durablement la ressource médicale dans nos territoires et à engager l’ensemble de nos soignants autour d’une nouvelle organisation qui les mobilise. C’est ainsi seulement que nous relèverons de manière structurelle le défi de l’accès aux soins.Pour y parvenir, il y a des leviers que nous pouvons activer immédiatement : je pense notamment à tout ce que nous avons fait pour sécuriser l’exercice et favoriser la réussite aux EVC, les épreuves de vérification des connaissances, des 20 000 Padhue, ces praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne qui assurent une part non négligeable de la réponse aux besoins de santé dans nos territoires ; je pense aussi, bien sûr, à l’institution de la quatrième année d’internat de médecine générale, soit 3 700 docteurs juniors qui vont arriver, mieux accompagnés et sécurisés, dans vos circonscriptions dès le mois de novembre 2026 – je travaille sans relâche avec les agences régionales de santé (ARS), les élus locaux et les collectivités territoriales afin d’identifier des terrains de stage diversifiés et en nombre suffisant pour les accueillir dans les meilleures conditions et leur donner envie de rester là où ils s’engagent. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Je précise que l’engagement des docteurs juniors sera évidemment valorisé en zone sous-dense tout comme le sera leur participation à la PDSA, c’est-à-dire à la permanence des soins ambulatoires. Je veillerai à ce que l’ensemble des décrets nécessaires soient prêts avant l’été.Voilà des pistes concrètes pour augmenter tout de suite les effectifs sur le terrain. Pour le succès de cette mesure, je compte sur la participation de tous, de vous tous, dans tous les territoires.J’ai toutefois bien conscience que ce n’est pas suffisant. C’est pourquoi la première de mes priorités est de réussir le choc de formation dont j’ai parlé. La suppression du numerus clausus en 2019 a constitué un premier pas important. Mais il faut aller plus loin et nous libérer définitivement de la contrainte restante du numerus apertus."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
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   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 1079,
   "text": "Souvenez-vous de nos débats à ce sujet en commission des affaires sociales.En termes de capacités de formation, je plaide pour une inversion de la logique qui nous a guidés jusqu’ici. Il faut absolument commencer par identifier et prendre en compte les besoins de santé des territoires, puis il faut que ce critère devienne prioritaire pour déterminer localement les capacités de formation.Il faut par ailleurs endiguer les départs d’étudiants vers l’étranger.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 1079,
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   "words": 70,
   "annotation_id": "N6e6cd69401fa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Souvenez-vous de nos débats à ce sujet en commission des affaires sociales.En termes de capacités de formation, je plaide pour une inversion de la logique qui nous a guidés jusqu’ici. Il faut absolument commencer par identifier et prendre en compte les besoins de santé des territoires, puis il faut que ce critère devienne prioritaire pour déterminer localement les capacités de formation.Il faut par ailleurs endiguer les départs d’étudiants vers l’étranger."
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
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   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
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   "group_id": null,
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   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695800",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 1083,
   "text": "Un sur dix environ va se former en Roumanie, en Espagne, en Belgique, au Portugal, etc. Ceci résulte de l’incapacité de notre système national de formation à intégrer ces étudiants.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
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   "last_order": 1083,
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   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Ncf65df4c669f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Un sur dix environ va se former en Roumanie, en Espagne, en Belgique, au Portugal, etc. Ceci résulte de l’incapacité de notre système national de formation à intégrer ces étudiants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
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   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695802",
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   "order": 1085,
   "text": "Nous créons nos propres Padhue. Il faut arriver à faire revenir ces quelque 5 000 médecins en formation qui ont quitté notre pays parce qu’ils ont été rejetés par un numerus apertus, trop difficile.Ces trois sujets sont au cœur de la proposition de loi que j’ai présentée et qui a été votée par l’Assemblée nationale en décembre 2023. Cette semaine, lors de mon audition par les commissions des affaires sociales et de l’éducation du Sénat, j’ai réaffirmé mon intention qu’elle puisse être adoptée le plus rapidement possible.Ma stratégie contre la désertification repose sur le socle d’une formation renforcée, préalable indispensable à toute action de long terme. Il s’agit d’une stratégie globale dont l’objectif est que la nouvelle génération de soignants que nous formons transforme les pratiques et les modes d’organisation territoriale des soins.Je veux réussir cette transformation avec comme maîtres mots la confiance et la responsabilité des acteurs de la santé. Je n’ai jamais dit que les médecins n’avaient pas de responsabilités à assumer dans la lutte contre la désertification médicale. Nous en avons tous, que nous devons envisager dans une logique collective, partenariale et contractuelle.Il faut d’abord changer de paradigme. En effet, le temps du médecin qui travaille seul appartient au passé. Le médecin de demain sera au cœur des parcours de soins de proximité. Concrètement, cela signifie que les médecins devront s’engager pour améliorer l’accès aux soins, se mobiliser pour répondre aux besoins en soins non programmés comme pour assurer la permanence des soins ambulatoires, et plaider pour le développement de l’exercice coordonné et de la pratique pluriprofessionnelle.Nous développons tout ceci dans les services d’accès aux soins (SAS), dans les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé (CPTS), dans les centres de soins non programmés, dans les maisons médicales de garde et dans les maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles, ces dernières étant de plus en plus nombreuses et très attractives pour la jeune génération de médecins. Nous soutenons leur engagement avec des aides à l’installation, avec le déploiement, cher à Agnès Firmin Le Bodo, des assistants médicaux, qui soulagent les médecins, et, bien sûr, avec la revalorisation de la consultation à 30 euros.Toutes les mesures d’accès direct et de délégation de compétences conçues et votées ici grâce à l’engagement des parlementaires sont synonymes de ressources humaines mieux cordonnées et plus efficaces et, donc, de gains de temps précieux pour les soignants. Je pense aussi à la délivrance d’antibiotiques par le pharmacien à partir de tests rapides d’orientation diagnostique (Trod). Ceux de la cystite et de l’angine permettent d’éviter 9 millions de consultations médicales par an, réduisent le recours aux urgences et simplifient l’accès aux soins, sans nuire à la sécurité. On peut également mentionner la transformation du métier d’infirmier et le développement de sa pratique avancée. Pour continuer à progresser dans ce sens, le mois dernier, une loi majeure a été adoptée en première lecture ici même.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
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   "last_order": 1085,
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   "r": "R",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous créons nos propres Padhue. Il faut arriver à faire revenir ces quelque 5 000 médecins en formation qui ont quitté notre pays parce qu’ils ont été rejetés par un numerus apertus, trop difficile.Ces trois sujets sont au cœur de la proposition de loi que j’ai présentée et qui a été votée par l’Assemblée nationale en décembre 2023. Cette semaine, lors de mon audition par les commissions des affaires sociales et de l’éducation du Sénat, j’ai réaffirmé mon intention qu’elle puisse être adoptée le plus rapidement possible.Ma stratégie contre la désertification repose sur le socle d’une formation renforcée, préalable indispensable à toute action de long terme. Il s’agit d’une stratégie globale dont l’objectif est que la nouvelle génération de soignants que nous formons transforme les pratiques et les modes d’organisation territoriale des soins.Je veux réussir cette transformation avec comme maîtres mots la confiance et la responsabilité des acteurs de la santé. Je n’ai jamais dit que les médecins n’avaient pas de responsabilités à assumer dans la lutte contre la désertification médicale. Nous en avons tous, que nous devons envisager dans une logique collective, partenariale et contractuelle.Il faut d’abord changer de paradigme. En effet, le temps du médecin qui travaille seul appartient au passé. Le médecin de demain sera au cœur des parcours de soins de proximité. Concrètement, cela signifie que les médecins devront s’engager pour améliorer l’accès aux soins, se mobiliser pour répondre aux besoins en soins non programmés comme pour assurer la permanence des soins ambulatoires, et plaider pour le développement de l’exercice coordonné et de la pratique pluriprofessionnelle.Nous développons tout ceci dans les services d’accès aux soins (SAS), dans les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé (CPTS), dans les centres de soins non programmés, dans les maisons médicales de garde et dans les maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles, ces dernières étant de plus en plus nombreuses et très attractives pour la jeune génération de médecins. Nous soutenons leur engagement avec des aides à l’installation, avec le déploiement, cher à [PERSONNE], des assistants médicaux, qui soulagent les médecins, et, bien sûr, avec la revalorisation de la consultation à 30 euros.Toutes les mesures d’accès direct et de délégation de compétences conçues et votées ici grâce à l’engagement des parlementaires sont synonymes de ressources humaines mieux cordonnées et plus efficaces et, donc, de gains de temps précieux pour les soignants. Je pense aussi à la délivrance d’antibiotiques par le pharmacien à partir de tests rapides d’orientation diagnostique (Trod). Ceux de la cystite et de l’angine permettent d’éviter 9 millions de consultations médicales par an, réduisent le recours aux urgences et simplifient l’accès aux soins, sans nuire à la sécurité. On peut également mentionner la transformation du métier d’infirmier et le développement de sa pratique avancée. Pour continuer à progresser dans ce sens, le mois dernier, une loi majeure a été adoptée en première lecture ici même."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
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   "group_id": null,
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   ],
   "order": 1093,
   "text": "Je souligne d’ailleurs que l’effort de formation sur lequel j’ai tant insisté s’applique également, de manière évidente, aux effectifs paramédicaux. Je pense notamment au grand pacte de formation sur lequel nous travaillons avec les régions, qui a permis de créer 5 870 nouvelles places en instituts de formation en soins infirmiers (Ifsi) depuis 2019. Le premier dossier dont je me suis saisi, le jour de mon arrivée au ministère, le 24 décembre 2024, a été celui de la sécurisation d’une enveloppe de 215 millions d’euros, approuvée par le premier ministre, dans le projet de loi de finances pour 2025. Elle a permis de garantir ces places et ces filières de formation en régions, et de les inscrire dans Parcoursup.La confiance que j’évoquais est celle que je place dans tous les acteurs de santé et, plus largement, dans tous les acteurs territoriaux. En effet, une grande partie de la solution au problème dont nous débattons se trouve entre leurs mains.Rien ne serait pire que de lier par la loi les mains des acteurs de la santé (M. Nicolas Sansu s’exclame), les empêchant d’avoir l’agilité essentielle pour faire face aux défis qui sont devant nous. En effet, si l’État doit rester le garant des valeurs qui fondent notre système et si c’est au niveau national que doivent être définies les grandes priorités, l’enjeu, aujourd’hui, est de faciliter l’émergence de réponses territorialisées.",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
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   "words": 229,
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   "r": "X",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je souligne d’ailleurs que l’effort de formation sur lequel j’ai tant insisté s’applique également, de manière évidente, aux effectifs paramédicaux. Je pense notamment au grand pacte de formation sur lequel nous travaillons avec les régions, qui a permis de créer 5 870 nouvelles places en instituts de formation en soins infirmiers (Ifsi) depuis 2019. Le premier dossier dont je me suis saisi, le jour de mon arrivée au ministère, le 24 décembre 2024, a été celui de la sécurisation d’une enveloppe de 215 millions d’euros, approuvée par le premier ministre, dans le projet de loi de finances pour 2025. Elle a permis de garantir ces places et ces filières de formation en régions, et de les inscrire dans Parcoursup.La confiance que j’évoquais est celle que je place dans tous les acteurs de santé et, plus largement, dans tous les acteurs territoriaux. En effet, une grande partie de la solution au problème dont nous débattons se trouve entre leurs mains.Rien ne serait pire que de lier par la loi les mains des acteurs de la santé (M. [PERSONNE] s’exclame), les empêchant d’avoir l’agilité essentielle pour faire face aux défis qui sont devant nous. En effet, si l’État doit rester le garant des valeurs qui fondent notre système et si c’est au niveau national que doivent être définies les grandes priorités, l’enjeu, aujourd’hui, est de faciliter l’émergence de réponses territorialisées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
   "source_sha256": "9d5787b39be430c5f64a7f48eb46afd859c40187fbdf12ba5c66af50371b8669",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695816",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695816"
   ],
   "order": 1099,
   "text": "Quand j’étais vice-président de la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, j’ai soutenu le développement de Swing, une application gratuite pour les médecins libéraux, qui leur permet de gérer et de s’échanger des remplacements sur un territoire.Pour transformer le fonctionnement et l’organisation territoriale de notre système de santé, il n’y a ni solution miracle ni solution unique. En revanche, il y a un chemin à tracer résolument, avec les médecins, avec tous les professionnels de santé, avec les élus locaux, avec tous les acteurs engagés…",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1099,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695816",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 81,
   "annotation_id": "N5dc8c94e0bf2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quand j’étais vice-président de la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, j’ai soutenu le développement de Swing, une application gratuite pour les médecins libéraux, qui leur permet de gérer et de s’échanger des remplacements sur un territoire.Pour transformer le fonctionnement et l’organisation territoriale de notre système de santé, il n’y a ni solution miracle ni solution unique. En revanche, il y a un chemin à tracer résolument, avec les médecins, avec tous les professionnels de santé, avec les élus locaux, avec tous les acteurs engagés…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157",
   "date": "2025-04-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29262",
   "title": "Première séance du mercredi 02 avril 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "medecins::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695821",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3695821"
   ],
   "order": 1104,
   "text": "C’est la raison pour laquelle j’ai ouvert hier, à la demande du premier ministre, des concertations qui dureront tout le mois d’avril. Elles rassembleront des experts issus de tout le pays, des médecins, patients, internes, doyens, membres des ARS, qui se sont distingués en mettant en place localement des solutions innovantes ayant démontré leur efficacité et pouvant nous inspirer. Elles rassembleront aussi, bien évidemment, des parlementaires issus de l’ensemble des groupes politiques ainsi que des élus locaux qui, dans leur territoire, éprouvent particulièrement la désertification médicale.En effet, monsieur Garot, s’il y a une chose que votre proposition de loi prouve, c’est que le combat pour l’accès aux soins est légitime et fédérateur mais qu’il n’a pas de couleur politique. Je connais votre engagement et votre investissement personnel sur ce sujet. Mon objectif est bien évidemment de m’appuyer sur vos travaux et sur toutes les expériences de terrain pour arriver très rapidement à des mesures pragmatiques et opérationnelles. Le rendez-vous est pris, et nous devons absolument réussir ensemble. Nous le devons à tous nos concitoyens.Je ne doute pas que vous répondrez tous présents. Vous pouvez compter sur mon engagement pour donner corps à notre objectif : avoir un système de santé qui fonctionne mieux, qui aille de l’avant, qui soit attractif pour les jeunes et qui se donne les moyens de les former ; un système de santé qui réponde aux attentes légitimes des Français en matière d’accès aux soins, dans un contexte où les besoins sont croissants en raison du vieillissement de la population et de l’explosion des maladies chroniques.C’est ma seule ambition en tant que ministre de la santé. Elle m’honore autant qu’elle m’oblige et je suis déterminé à réussir, avec vous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN, EPR, DR, Dem et HOR.)",
   "top": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux",
   "section": "Lutte contre les déserts médicaux / Présentation",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 1104,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N157-3695821",
   "case": "medecins",
   "words": 295,
   "annotation_id": "N3f7b26ec0ee1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est la raison pour laquelle j’ai ouvert hier, à la demande du premier ministre, des concertations qui dureront tout le mois d’avril. Elles rassembleront des experts issus de tout le pays, des médecins, patients, internes, doyens, membres des ARS, qui se sont distingués en mettant en place localement des solutions innovantes ayant démontré leur efficacité et pouvant nous inspirer. Elles rassembleront aussi, bien évidemment, des parlementaires issus de l’ensemble des groupes politiques ainsi que des élus locaux qui, dans leur territoire, éprouvent particulièrement la désertification médicale.En effet, monsieur Garot, s’il y a une chose que votre proposition de loi prouve, c’est que le combat pour l’accès aux soins est légitime et fédérateur mais qu’il n’a pas de couleur politique. Je connais votre engagement et votre investissement personnel sur ce sujet. Mon objectif est bien évidemment de m’appuyer sur vos travaux et sur toutes les expériences de terrain pour arriver très rapidement à des mesures pragmatiques et opérationnelles. Le rendez-vous est pris, et nous devons absolument réussir ensemble. Nous le devons à tous nos concitoyens.Je ne doute pas que vous répondrez tous présents. Vous pouvez compter sur mon engagement pour donner corps à notre objectif : avoir un système de santé qui fonctionne mieux, qui aille de l’avant, qui soit attractif pour les jeunes et qui se donne les moyens de les former ; un système de santé qui réponde aux attentes légitimes des Français en matière d’accès aux soins, dans un contexte où les besoins sont croissants en raison du vieillissement de la population et de l’explosion des maladies chroniques.C’est ma seule ambition en tant que ministre de la santé. Elle m’honore autant qu’elle m’oblige et je suis déterminé à réussir, avec vous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE], DR, Dem et HOR.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30023",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079.xml",
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   "source_sha256": "7e4ee5d083862fcd03d271df6ffa891eba43ff203d4a4676f14349539a11998f",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079-3955530",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3955530"
   ],
   "order": 139,
   "text": "Les grossistes répartiteurs sont des acteurs essentiels de la chaîne de distribution des produits de santé, en particulier des médicaments. Je rappelle que leur rôle a été déterminant pendant la crise du covid, notamment pour assurer la distribution des masques et des vaccins. Nous sommes tous d’accord pour dire qu’assurer la soutenabilité de leur modèle économique est indispensable. À ce titre, trois mesures de soutien financier ont été prises ces dernières années. Premièrement, une modification des marges réglementées décidée au dernier trimestre 2020 a offert aux entreprises un rendement supplémentaire de 30 millions d’euros par an. Deuxièmement, le passage de 1,7 % à 1,5 % du taux de la première part de la contribution, avec un effet rétroactif pour l’année 2021, a dégagé un rendement supplémentaire de 35 millions pour le secteur. Troisièmement, l’introduction d’un forfait spécifique à la distribution des produits froids est entrée en vigueur en avril 2022, portant à 90 millions annuels l’impact de l’ensemble des mesures pour le secteur de la répartition.Par ailleurs, en septembre, nous avons mandaté l’Igas et l’Inspection générale des finances (IGF) pour analyser les flux financiers tout au long de la chaîne du médicament. J’attends pour la fin du mois les résultats de cette mission, destinée notamment à objectiver la situation économique de la chaîne de distribution des médicaments, à laquelle appartiennent les grossistes répartiteurs. En nous appuyant sur ce rapport, nous pourrons alors prendre les mesures les plus pertinentes pour réformer structurellement ce secteur. Il n’apparaît donc pas opportun de modifier dès maintenant le taux de la contribution de vente en gros, qui ne constitue qu’un des paramètres du modèle économique des grossistes répartiteurs.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie(suite) / Article 11 quinquies / ",
   "article": "Article 11 quinquies",
   "article_id": "3955528",
   "amendment": "876",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 139,
   "amendments": [
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   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079-3955530",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 273,
   "annotation_id": "N7b0e9fbd906d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les grossistes répartiteurs sont des acteurs essentiels de la chaîne de distribution des produits de santé, en particulier des médicaments. Je rappelle que leur rôle a été déterminant pendant la crise du covid, notamment pour assurer la distribution des masques et des vaccins. Nous sommes tous d’accord pour dire qu’assurer la soutenabilité de leur modèle économique est indispensable. À ce titre, trois mesures de soutien financier ont été prises ces dernières années. Premièrement, une modification des marges réglementées décidée au dernier trimestre 2020 a offert aux entreprises un rendement supplémentaire de 30 millions d’euros par an. Deuxièmement, le passage de 1,7 % à 1,5 % du taux de la première part de la contribution, avec un effet rétroactif pour l’année 2021, a dégagé un rendement supplémentaire de 35 millions pour le secteur. Troisièmement, l’introduction d’un forfait spécifique à la distribution des produits froids est entrée en vigueur en avril 2022, portant à 90 millions annuels l’impact de l’ensemble des mesures pour le secteur de la répartition.Par ailleurs, en septembre, nous avons mandaté l’Igas et l’Inspection générale des finances (IGF) pour analyser les flux financiers tout au long de la chaîne du médicament. J’attends pour la fin du mois les résultats de cette mission, destinée notamment à objectiver la situation économique de la chaîne de distribution des médicaments, à laquelle appartiennent les grossistes répartiteurs. En nous appuyant sur ce rapport, nous pourrons alors prendre les mesures les plus pertinentes pour réformer structurellement ce secteur. Il n’apparaît donc pas opportun de modifier dès maintenant le taux de la contribution de vente en gros, qui ne constitue qu’un des paramètres du modèle économique des grossistes répartiteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079",
   "date": "2025-12-04",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30023",
   "title": "Première séance du jeudi 04 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079-3955535",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 142,
   "text": "Je regrette que le gouvernement ait oublié que nous ne sommes plus sous la XVe législature ! Il veut supprimer deux articles, le 11 quinquies et le 11 sexies, adoptés au Sénat comme ici en première lecture. Dans le contexte actuel, quand un consensus existe dans les deux chambres,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie(suite) / Article 11 quinquies / ",
   "article": "Article 11 quinquies",
   "article_id": "3955528",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 142,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N079-3955535",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 49,
   "annotation_id": "Nd08dfbf44a7d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je regrette que le gouvernement ait oublié que nous ne sommes plus sous la XVe législature ! Il veut supprimer deux articles, le 11 quinquies et le 11 sexies, adoptés au Sénat comme ici en première lecture. Dans le contexte actuel, quand un consensus existe dans les deux chambres,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959599",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959599"
   ],
   "order": 155,
   "text": "L’article 20 traite d’un sujet important, voire fondamental. Je regrette d’ailleurs qu’on l’aborde de manière aussi restreinte, au détour d’un article du PLFSS, alors que la grave question de l’obligation vaccinale mériterait quelques heures de débat de fond.Pour que tout le monde ait le même niveau d’information, je vais rappeler ce qu’il s’est passé. En première lecture, l’Assemblée a souverainement rejeté l’article 20, qui instaurait une obligation vaccinale des soignants et des résidents en Ehpad. Malheureusement, comme la version du texte transmise au Sénat tenait compte des amendements adoptés mais non des suppressions d’articles, la mesure y figurait et les sénateurs l’ont validée. Elle nous revient donc.Il n’empêche qu’une majorité de notre assemblée s’est opposée à cette obligation. Au sein du groupe Rassemblement national, nous accordons une valeur fondamentale au principe du respect de la liberté vaccinale individuelle et de la liberté personnelle.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 155,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959599",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 143,
   "annotation_id": "N1d262e7cab1d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 20 traite d’un sujet important, voire fondamental. Je regrette d’ailleurs qu’on l’aborde de manière aussi restreinte, au détour d’un article du PLFSS, alors que la grave question de l’obligation vaccinale mériterait quelques heures de débat de fond.Pour que tout le monde ait le même niveau d’information, je vais rappeler ce qu’il s’est passé. En première lecture, l’Assemblée a souverainement rejeté l’article 20, qui instaurait une obligation vaccinale des soignants et des résidents en Ehpad. Malheureusement, comme la version du texte transmise au Sénat tenait compte des amendements adoptés mais non des suppressions d’articles, la mesure y figurait et les sénateurs l’ont validée. Elle nous revient donc.Il n’empêche qu’une majorité de notre assemblée s’est opposée à cette obligation. Au sein du groupe [GROUPE], nous accordons une valeur fondamentale au principe du respect de la liberté vaccinale individuelle et de la liberté personnelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959603",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959603"
   ],
   "order": 159,
   "text": "Les vaccins peuvent avoir leur pertinence mais, en vertu de ce principe de liberté, il faut convaincre d’y avoir recours et non contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 159,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959603",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 30,
   "annotation_id": "Nb1b7109e8be3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les vaccins peuvent avoir leur pertinence mais, en vertu de ce principe de liberté, il faut convaincre d’y avoir recours et non contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959605",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959605"
   ],
   "order": 161,
   "text": "Nous avons déjà eu ces échanges avec M. Bentz, mais il ne m’a jamais convaincu. Par ailleurs, une étude très récente et très robuste, car portant sur beaucoup de patients, montre que la vaccination protège et qu’elle le fait sur plusieurs années. Sur dix ans, il y a moins de décès. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)Je précise aussi que si des résidents en maison de retraite refusent la vaccination, ils ne seront pas mis dehors pour autant. C’est évident. Il faut arrêter d’agiter cette peur-là. D’autre part, en tant que médecin, je rappelle que la première chose qu’on apprend aux futurs soignants, c’est le principe primum non nocere – d’abord, ne pas nuire.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 161,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959605",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "N660a3c3f0a52",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons déjà eu ces échanges avec M. Bentz, mais il ne m’a jamais convaincu. Par ailleurs, une étude très récente et très robuste, car portant sur beaucoup de patients, montre que la vaccination protège et qu’elle le fait sur plusieurs années. Sur dix ans, il y a moins de décès. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Je précise aussi que si des résidents en maison de retraite refusent la vaccination, ils ne seront pas mis dehors pour autant. C’est évident. Il faut arrêter d’agiter cette peur-là. D’autre part, en tant que médecin, je rappelle que la première chose qu’on apprend aux futurs soignants, c’est le principe primum non nocere – d’abord, ne pas nuire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960009",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960009"
   ],
   "order": 164,
   "text": "Notre premier geste est de ne pas contaminer les patients. Si on n’est pas d’accord avec cela, on ne devient ni médecin ni infirmier. Or de nombreux décès, dans les Ehpad, les hôpitaux ou ailleurs, sont dus à des contaminations par des soignants non vaccinés. La vaccination contre l’hépatite C n’a pas posé de problèmes…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 164,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960009",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Nf00f4611de06",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Notre premier geste est de ne pas contaminer les patients. Si on n’est pas d’accord avec cela, on ne devient ni médecin ni infirmier. Or de nombreux décès, dans les Ehpad, les hôpitaux ou ailleurs, sont dus à des contaminations par des soignants non vaccinés. La vaccination contre l’hépatite C n’a pas posé de problèmes…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959610",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959610"
   ],
   "order": 168,
   "text": "Mesdames les ministres, la prévention est sans doute la grande absente de votre projet de loi. Rien, dans le PLFSS, n’est là pour informer sur les maladies chroniques et les prévenir. Vous vous êtes opposées à la généralisation du nutri-score, refusant même une seconde délibération, alors que ce dispositif, soutenu par les citoyens et les scientifiques, a des effets directs sur la santé publique sans qu’il en coûte quoi que ce soit à la sécurité sociale. Cela restera un de nos regrets, à l’issue de nos travaux.Les socialistes, qui ont un projet de prévention global et ambitieux, soutiennent évidemment les mesures prévues à l’article 20. La vaccination doit être une priorité pour lutter contre les épidémies saisonnières, sauver des vies et éviter des frais de santé exorbitants. Les soignants doivent être vaccinés pour éviter que les établissements de santé soient des lieux dangereux pour les résidents. Les Français devraient savoir ce qu’ils mettent dans leur assiette, le sucre et le sel ajoutés devraient être taxés et nous devrions permettre à chacun d’être vacciné. Les déterminants de la santé importent ; ils ne doivent plus être ignorés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 168,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959610",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 193,
   "annotation_id": "Na2d13743e545",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mesdames les ministres, la prévention est sans doute la grande absente de votre projet de loi. Rien, dans le PLFSS, n’est là pour informer sur les maladies chroniques et les prévenir. Vous vous êtes opposées à la généralisation du nutri-score, refusant même une seconde délibération, alors que ce dispositif, soutenu par les citoyens et les scientifiques, a des effets directs sur la santé publique sans qu’il en coûte quoi que ce soit à la sécurité sociale. Cela restera un de nos regrets, à l’issue de nos travaux.Les socialistes, qui ont un projet de prévention global et ambitieux, soutiennent évidemment les mesures prévues à l’article 20. La vaccination doit être une priorité pour lutter contre les épidémies saisonnières, sauver des vies et éviter des frais de santé exorbitants. Les soignants doivent être vaccinés pour éviter que les établissements de santé soient des lieux dangereux pour les résidents. Les Français devraient savoir ce qu’ils mettent dans leur assiette, le sucre et le sel ajoutés devraient être taxés et nous devrions permettre à chacun d’être vacciné. Les déterminants de la santé importent ; ils ne doivent plus être ignorés. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959613",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959613"
   ],
   "order": 171,
   "text": "Députée de Dole, dans le Jura, où est né l’illustre Louis Pasteur, je tiens à rendre hommage à ses travaux sur la vaccination. Sur ce sujet, la pédagogie et l’éducation sont importantes. Malheureusement, une certaine défiance envers la science s’est installée en France, où la coercition n’est jamais perçue d’un bon œil.Pour la vaccination, l’engagement de tous les acteurs importe, du ministère – au travers des agences régionales de santé, les ARS –, pour l’organisation des campagnes nationales, aux professionnels de santé – dont l’engagement est essentiel pour cibler les patients les plus fragiles –, médecins, infirmiers, pharmaciens, notamment dans les territoires ruraux. On oublie trop que des maladies très graves, notamment infantiles, éradiquées grâce à la vaccination, pourraient revenir si les campagnes de sensibilisation et de vaccination n’étaient pas mises en œuvre ou si la pédagogie et l’éducation n’étaient pas déployées au plus près de chaque patient. Se faire vacciner, c’est se protéger et protéger les autres. En prendre conscience ouvre la voie à l’acceptation de la vaccination, au-delà de la coercition.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 171,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959613",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 173,
   "annotation_id": "N18e537f42934",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Députée de Dole, dans le Jura, où est né l’illustre Louis Pasteur, je tiens à rendre hommage à ses travaux sur la vaccination. Sur ce sujet, la pédagogie et l’éducation sont importantes. Malheureusement, une certaine défiance envers la science s’est installée en France, où la coercition n’est jamais perçue d’un bon œil.Pour la vaccination, l’engagement de tous les acteurs importe, du ministère – au travers des agences régionales de santé, les ARS –, pour l’organisation des campagnes nationales, aux professionnels de santé – dont l’engagement est essentiel pour cibler les patients les plus fragiles –, médecins, infirmiers, pharmaciens, notamment dans les territoires ruraux. On oublie trop que des maladies très graves, notamment infantiles, éradiquées grâce à la vaccination, pourraient revenir si les campagnes de sensibilisation et de vaccination n’étaient pas mises en œuvre ou si la pédagogie et l’éducation n’étaient pas déployées au plus près de chaque patient. Se faire vacciner, c’est se protéger et protéger les autres. En prendre conscience ouvre la voie à l’acceptation de la vaccination, au-delà de la coercition."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959616",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959616"
   ],
   "order": 174,
   "text": "J’ai été très surpris de voir l’obligation de vaccination supprimée en première lecture et je me réjouis qu’elle nous soit de nouveau soumise. Chers collègues du Rassemblement national, l’espérance de vie était de 45 ans il y a un siècle. Deux choses l’ont fait augmenter : la vaccination et les antibiotiques. La vaccination a permis d’éviter différentes maladies, dont certaines resurgissent désormais. Hors contre-indication médicale, il est nécessaire de la rendre obligatoire.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 174,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959616",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 72,
   "annotation_id": "N03771791e51c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai été très surpris de voir l’obligation de vaccination supprimée en première lecture et je me réjouis qu’elle nous soit de nouveau soumise. Chers collègues du [GROUPE], l’espérance de vie était de 45 ans il y a un siècle. Deux choses l’ont fait augmenter : la vaccination et les antibiotiques. La vaccination a permis d’éviter différentes maladies, dont certaines resurgissent désormais. Hors contre-indication médicale, il est nécessaire de la rendre obligatoire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959924",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959924"
   ],
   "order": 176,
   "text": "Tout en reconnaissant l’extrême importance de promouvoir la vaccination aujourd’hui, j’ai plusieurs interrogations auxquelles il n’a pas encore été répondu.D’abord, si l’article prévoit la prise en charge à 100 % de la vaccination des résidents, ce n’est pas le cas de celle des professionnels de santé. Dès lors que nous leur imposons des contraintes, il conviendrait au moins que l’article prévoie la prise en charge financière complète.Ensuite, si la couverture vaccinale des professionnels de santé n’est pas optimale – et cela mérite qu’on s’interroge –, celle des résidents en Ehpad est excellente : 82 % d’entre eux sont vaccinés contre la grippe de façon régulière, les 18 % restants présentant des contre-indications médicales. Dans ce cas, ne sommes-nous pas en train de nous faire plaisir avec cet article ? Est-il bien nécessaire d’imposer cette vaccination aux résidents ? D’autant que deux questions restent sans réponse : que fera-t-on des résidents qui refuseront la vaccination ? Faudra-t-il les mettre à la porte, les vacciner de force ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 176,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959924",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 166,
   "annotation_id": "N4e58c7283c87",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tout en reconnaissant l’extrême importance de promouvoir la vaccination aujourd’hui, j’ai plusieurs interrogations auxquelles il n’a pas encore été répondu.D’abord, si l’article prévoit la prise en charge à 100 % de la vaccination des résidents, ce n’est pas le cas de celle des professionnels de santé. Dès lors que nous leur imposons des contraintes, il conviendrait au moins que l’article prévoie la prise en charge financière complète.Ensuite, si la couverture vaccinale des professionnels de santé n’est pas optimale – et cela mérite qu’on s’interroge –, celle des résidents en Ehpad est excellente : 82 % d’entre eux sont vaccinés contre la grippe de façon régulière, les 18 % restants présentant des contre-indications médicales. Dans ce cas, ne sommes-nous pas en train de nous faire plaisir avec cet article ? Est-il bien nécessaire d’imposer cette vaccination aux résidents ? D’autant que deux questions restent sans réponse : que fera-t-on des résidents qui refuseront la vaccination ? Faudra-t-il les mettre à la porte, les vacciner de force ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959929",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959929"
   ],
   "order": 180,
   "text": "Nous n’avions pas déposé d’amendement de suppression en première lecture, préférant amender le dispositif pour le rendre plus équilibré. Mais vous avez refusé cette démarche de « coconstruction ».Monsieur Lauzzana, vous nous demandez ce que c’est que cette histoire ; eh bien, il s’agit tout simplement de protéger la liberté de nos soignants ! Vous souvenez-vous de ces soignants que nous avons tous applaudis, pendant la crise du covid, parce que leur travail était précieux ? Ces applaudissements étaient amplement mérités ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN. – M. Michel Lauzzana proteste.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 180,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959929",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 94,
   "annotation_id": "N079ef145d84e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous n’avions pas déposé d’amendement de suppression en première lecture, préférant amender le dispositif pour le rendre plus équilibré. Mais vous avez refusé cette démarche de « coconstruction ».Monsieur Lauzzana, vous nous demandez ce que c’est que cette histoire ; eh bien, il s’agit tout simplement de protéger la liberté de nos soignants ! Vous souvenez-vous de ces soignants que nous avons tous applaudis, pendant la crise du covid, parce que leur travail était précieux ? Ces applaudissements étaient amplement mérités ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] proteste.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959932",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959932"
   ],
   "order": 183,
   "text": "Avec cet amendement de suppression, je vais pratiquer une sorte de marteau-thérapie. Il s’agit simplement de défendre la liberté vaccinale ! Pour nous, une bonne politique vaccinale consiste à convaincre, jamais à contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 183,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959932",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 40,
   "annotation_id": "N94d4467fa94b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Avec cet amendement de suppression, je vais pratiquer une sorte de marteau-thérapie. Il s’agit simplement de défendre la liberté vaccinale ! Pour nous, une bonne politique vaccinale consiste à convaincre, jamais à contraindre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959935",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959935"
   ],
   "order": 186,
   "text": "Cet amendement de suppression a été rejeté en commission. Nous sommes tous attachés à la liberté, mais je suis un peu surpris par la position des députés du groupe RN, qui se montrent habituellement très sensibles à la protection.Je ne suis pas certain qu’on demande leur avis aux enfants que l’on vaccine pour les protéger de maladies graves. Certains vaccins sont tout simplement obligatoires.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 186,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959935",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "N2cbebb96f892",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement de suppression a été rejeté en commission. Nous sommes tous attachés à la liberté, mais je suis un peu surpris par la position des députés du groupe [GROUPE], qui se montrent habituellement très sensibles à la protection.Je ne suis pas certain qu’on demande leur avis aux enfants que l’on vaccine pour les protéger de maladies graves. Certains vaccins sont tout simplement obligatoires."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959938",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959938"
   ],
   "order": 189,
   "text": "L’article, que certains ne semblent pas avoir lu en totalité, ne traite pas seulement des adultes ; il y est aussi question des enfants, pour lesquels la résurgence de la rougeole est lourde de conséquences. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe RN.) Pour ma part, j’affirme très posément que, pour les enfants,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 189,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959938",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N6eeedfa69948",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article, que certains ne semblent pas avoir lu en totalité, ne traite pas seulement des adultes ; il y est aussi question des enfants, pour lesquels la résurgence de la rougeole est lourde de conséquences. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Pour ma part, j’affirme très posément que, pour les enfants,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959940",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959940"
   ],
   "order": 191,
   "text": "Non, mais nous sommes des êtres de relations. Cela nous donne une responsabilité vis-à-vis de ceux que nous pouvons rencontrer – certains me disent d’ailleurs : J’ai des parents fragiles ou vulnérables, j’aimerais bien me faire vacciner. C’est d’autant plus vrai pour les professionnels qui ont choisi d’être au contact de personnes vulnérables, notamment d’enfants. Une telle vocation va de pair avec la responsabilité de protéger ceux qui leur sont confiés. Nous devons donc trouver l’équilibre entre liberté et protection collective.Nous savons aussi que la grippe peut être très grave pour les personnes âgées. Pour avoir eu des grands-parents, je sais, comme tout un chacun, quelles conséquences cette maladie peut entraîner.Du reste, l’article 20 est beaucoup plus mesuré que vous ne le prétendez, puisqu’il s’en remet aux recommandations de la Haute Autorité de santé, une autorité scientifique indépendante, pour toute extension de l’obligation vaccinale. Si la HAS estime que la protection des personnes vulnérables ne rend pas nécessaire la vaccination des personnels de santé, il ne leur sera pas fait obligation de se vacciner. Il me semble important de le souligner.J’ai beaucoup réfléchi à cette question – la peur de ceux qui se posent des questions sur les vaccins ne peut laisser personne indifférent. L’article L. 3111-1 du code de la santé publique prévoit bien qu’un « décret peut, compte tenu de l’évolution de la situation épidémiologique et des connaissances médicales et scientifiques, suspendre, pour tout ou partie de la population, les obligations prévues aux articles L. 3111-2 à L. 3111-4, L. 3111-6 et L. 3112-1. » – autrement dit : suspendre les obligations vaccinales en vigueur.D’ailleurs, cela a déjà eu lieu. Les mesures ne sont applicables qu’aussi longtemps qu’elles sont nécessaires pour protéger. L’obligation ne sera pas en vigueur ad vitam æternam, puisque la réglementation pourra évoluer à tout moment, afin de s’adapter aux besoins de protection. Nous conjuguons ainsi – et c’est beau ! – liberté et protection, conformément au devoir qui nous incombe, en tant qu’auteurs de ce budget de la sécurité sociale : protéger les plus vulnérables et les plus fragiles.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 191,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959940",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 345,
   "annotation_id": "N85268161c800",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLMPQT",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Non, mais nous sommes des êtres de relations. Cela nous donne une responsabilité vis-à-vis de ceux que nous pouvons rencontrer – certains me disent d’ailleurs : J’ai des parents fragiles ou vulnérables, j’aimerais bien me faire vacciner. C’est d’autant plus vrai pour les professionnels qui ont choisi d’être au contact de personnes vulnérables, notamment d’enfants. Une telle vocation va de pair avec la responsabilité de protéger ceux qui leur sont confiés. Nous devons donc trouver l’équilibre entre liberté et protection collective.Nous savons aussi que la grippe peut être très grave pour les personnes âgées. Pour avoir eu des grands-parents, je sais, comme tout un chacun, quelles conséquences cette maladie peut entraîner.Du reste, l’article 20 est beaucoup plus mesuré que vous ne le prétendez, puisqu’il s’en remet aux recommandations de la Haute Autorité de santé, une autorité scientifique indépendante, pour toute extension de l’obligation vaccinale. Si la HAS estime que la protection des personnes vulnérables ne rend pas nécessaire la vaccination des personnels de santé, il ne leur sera pas fait obligation de se vacciner. Il me semble important de le souligner.J’ai beaucoup réfléchi à cette question – la peur de ceux qui se posent des questions sur les vaccins ne peut laisser personne indifférent. L’article L. 3111-1 du code de la santé publique prévoit bien qu’un « décret peut, compte tenu de l’évolution de la situation épidémiologique et des connaissances médicales et scientifiques, suspendre, pour tout ou partie de la population, les obligations prévues aux articles L. 3111-2 à L. 3111-4, L. 3111-6 et L. 3112-1. » – autrement dit : suspendre les obligations vaccinales en vigueur.D’ailleurs, cela a déjà eu lieu. Les mesures ne sont applicables qu’aussi longtemps qu’elles sont nécessaires pour protéger. L’obligation ne sera pas en vigueur ad vitam æternam, puisque la réglementation pourra évoluer à tout moment, afin de s’adapter aux besoins de protection. Nous conjuguons ainsi – et c’est beau ! – liberté et protection, conformément au devoir qui nous incombe, en tant qu’auteurs de ce budget de la sécurité sociale : protéger les plus vulnérables et les plus fragiles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959947",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959947"
   ],
   "order": 199,
   "text": "…– si vous le dites, on ne peut que vous croire –, mais vous prétendez aussi vouloir protéger les soignants. C’est un peu paradoxal. En quoi cela les protégerait-il de ne pas être vaccinés ? (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 199,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959947",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "N7511f557b9f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…– si vous le dites, on ne peut que vous croire –, mais vous prétendez aussi vouloir protéger les soignants. C’est un peu paradoxal. En quoi cela les protégerait-il de ne pas être vaccinés ? (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959952",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959952"
   ],
   "order": 204,
   "text": "Les professionnels de santé sont déjà obligés d’être vaccinés contre certaines maladies, comme l’hépatite B, la diphtérie, le tétanos et la coqueluche, sans quoi ils ne peuvent exercer.Je comprends le débat philosophique sur l’obligation vaccinale et je sais combien le débat sur l’obligation de se vacciner contre le covid a été vif parmi les soignants ; j’entends aussi ceux qui rencontrent des difficultés à mettre en œuvre cette vaccination dans leurs établissements. Néanmoins, dès lors qu’une autorité scientifique indépendante déclare qu’une telle mesure protégerait la santé des plus fragiles, et puisque nous ne sommes pas antivax, il est de notre responsabilité, au gouvernement et au Parlement, de protéger les plus fragiles en obligeant les soignants à recevoir un vaccin dont la science a établi l’intérêt.C’est parce que la HAS a déclaré que le vaccin ROR – rougeole, oreillon, rubéole – présentait un tel intérêt que cet article prévoit de le rendre obligatoire pour les professionnels de santé. Il ne s’agit d’ailleurs que d’un vaccin obligatoire de plus, de sorte que si personne ne déclenche de polémique – puisqu’une fois encore, nous ne sommes pas des antivax –, faire accepter cette nouvelle obligation ne posera aucun problème. (Mme Lisette Pollet s’exclame.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 204,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959952",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 200,
   "annotation_id": "Nf781fe677dd0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les professionnels de santé sont déjà obligés d’être vaccinés contre certaines maladies, comme l’hépatite B, la diphtérie, le tétanos et la coqueluche, sans quoi ils ne peuvent exercer.Je comprends le débat philosophique sur l’obligation vaccinale et je sais combien le débat sur l’obligation de se vacciner contre le covid a été vif parmi les soignants ; j’entends aussi ceux qui rencontrent des difficultés à mettre en œuvre cette vaccination dans leurs établissements. Néanmoins, dès lors qu’une autorité scientifique indépendante déclare qu’une telle mesure protégerait la santé des plus fragiles, et puisque nous ne sommes pas antivax, il est de notre responsabilité, au gouvernement et au Parlement, de protéger les plus fragiles en obligeant les soignants à recevoir un vaccin dont la science a établi l’intérêt.C’est parce que la HAS a déclaré que le vaccin ROR – rougeole, oreillon, rubéole – présentait un tel intérêt que cet article prévoit de le rendre obligatoire pour les professionnels de santé. Il ne s’agit d’ailleurs que d’un vaccin obligatoire de plus, de sorte que si personne ne déclenche de polémique – puisqu’une fois encore, nous ne sommes pas des antivax –, faire accepter cette nouvelle obligation ne posera aucun problème. (Mme [PERSONNE] s’exclame.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "Mme Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959957",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959957"
   ],
   "order": 210,
   "text": "Sur un plan général, ces débats sur les vaccins m’inquiètent. (M. Jimmy Pahun applaudit.) La vaccination a permis de grandes avancées en matière de santé publique et de santé tout court. Nous constatons aujourd’hui que la tuberculose, dans des formes dangereuses, et la rougeole réapparaissent. Il me semble donc nécessaire d’encourager la vaccination partout et autant que possible, et de contrer les propos antivax qui ont cours ces derniers temps.S’agissant de l’obligation vaccinale, il faut savoir qu’une affection comme la grippe, bénigne chez l’adulte, peut être très dangereuse pour une personne âgée affaiblie et qu’un soignant adulte, qui court peu de risques, peut mettre en danger un patient âgé et affaibli. Il doit donc se faire vacciner pour protéger les autres, d’autant que la vaccination est sans danger. Il n’y a pas même lieu d’en discuter : ce n’est quand même pas une privation de liberté considérable que nous infligerions à ces soignants ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 210,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959957",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 161,
   "annotation_id": "N6f3246a9007f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sur un plan général, ces débats sur les vaccins m’inquiètent. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) La vaccination a permis de grandes avancées en matière de santé publique et de santé tout court. Nous constatons aujourd’hui que la tuberculose, dans des formes dangereuses, et la rougeole réapparaissent. Il me semble donc nécessaire d’encourager la vaccination partout et autant que possible, et de contrer les propos antivax qui ont cours ces derniers temps.S’agissant de l’obligation vaccinale, il faut savoir qu’une affection comme la grippe, bénigne chez l’adulte, peut être très dangereuse pour une personne âgée affaiblie et qu’un soignant adulte, qui court peu de risques, peut mettre en danger un patient âgé et affaibli. Il doit donc se faire vacciner pour protéger les autres, d’autant que la vaccination est sans danger. Il n’y a pas même lieu d’en discuter : ce n’est quand même pas une privation de liberté considérable que nous infligerions à ces soignants ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841479",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Weber",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Weber",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959960",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959960"
   ],
   "order": 213,
   "text": "Je ne suis qu’infirmier depuis plus de vingt-cinq ans et je vois dans quelle direction ce débat est en train de glisser. Or les législateurs que nous sommes doivent être précis dans leurs propos. La question n’est pas d’être antivax ou provax – quand on est soignant, on ne peut que se battre pour que les gens puissent se vacciner. La vraie question tient au fait que, pour répondre au rapporteur général, les soignants ne sont pas des enfants. Leur imposer une obligation vaccinale ne va pas sans difficulté, on l’a constaté pendant l’épidémie de covid. Alors que nous nous sommes battus ici même pour fidéliser les aides-soignants, les infirmiers et les sapeurs-pompiers, il ne faudrait pas leur imposer des obligations exorbitantes du droit commun.Faisons donc confiance à nos professionnels de santé – ce ne sont pas des enfants ! Les vaccins sont un outil important, mais la contrainte n’est pas la voie de la sagesse. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 213,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959960",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "Nad88365e17d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis qu’infirmier depuis plus de vingt-cinq ans et je vois dans quelle direction ce débat est en train de glisser. Or les législateurs que nous sommes doivent être précis dans leurs propos. La question n’est pas d’être antivax ou provax – quand on est soignant, on ne peut que se battre pour que les gens puissent se vacciner. La vraie question tient au fait que, pour répondre au rapporteur général, les soignants ne sont pas des enfants. Leur imposer une obligation vaccinale ne va pas sans difficulté, on l’a constaté pendant l’épidémie de covid. Alors que nous nous sommes battus ici même pour fidéliser les aides-soignants, les infirmiers et les sapeurs-pompiers, il ne faudrait pas leur imposer des obligations exorbitantes du droit commun.Faisons donc confiance à nos professionnels de santé – ce ne sont pas des enfants ! Les vaccins sont un outil important, mais la contrainte n’est pas la voie de la sagesse. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959967",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959967"
   ],
   "order": 220,
   "text": "Pour une personne âgée vulnérable, attraper la grippe n’est pas anodin. En 2024, cette maladie a causé 17 000 décès, quasi exclusivement parmi les plus de 65 ans. Le virus ne fléchit pas ; au contraire, la période 2024-2025 a été marquée par une forme particulièrement féroce et mortelle.L’Ehpad n’est pas seulement le domicile de millier de personnes âgées, c’est aussi un lieu de passage de visiteurs, de personnels soignants, de petits enfants : autant de transmetteurs potentiels de la grippe saisonnière. La couverture vaccinale constitue le meilleur moyen de lutter contre ce phénomène. Si l’obligation vaccinale pour les personnels de santé est une étape essentielle pour l’extension de cette couverture, la vaccination des résidents en Ehpad en est une autre. Ces lieux de vie et de soins doivent être préservés des terribles épidémies qu’ils ont pu connaître ces dernières années : nous demandons le rétablissement de l’obligation vaccinale pour leurs résidents, étant entendu qu’aucun d’entre eux ne sera mis à la rue.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "387",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 220,
   "amendments": [
    "387"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959967",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "N3216d69354e0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour une personne âgée vulnérable, attraper la grippe n’est pas anodin. En 2024, cette maladie a causé 17 000 décès, quasi exclusivement parmi les plus de 65 ans. Le virus ne fléchit pas ; au contraire, la période 2024-2025 a été marquée par une forme particulièrement féroce et mortelle.L’Ehpad n’est pas seulement le domicile de millier de personnes âgées, c’est aussi un lieu de passage de visiteurs, de personnels soignants, de petits enfants : autant de transmetteurs potentiels de la grippe saisonnière. La couverture vaccinale constitue le meilleur moyen de lutter contre ce phénomène. Si l’obligation vaccinale pour les personnels de santé est une étape essentielle pour l’extension de cette couverture, la vaccination des résidents en Ehpad en est une autre. Ces lieux de vie et de soins doivent être préservés des terribles épidémies qu’ils ont pu connaître ces dernières années : nous demandons le rétablissement de l’obligation vaccinale pour leurs résidents, étant entendu qu’aucun d’entre eux ne sera mis à la rue."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959970",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959970"
   ],
   "order": 223,
   "text": "Il vise à rétablir l’obligation de vaccination contre la grippe pour les résidents des Ehpad, supprimée par le Sénat, sous réserve, je le précise, d’une recommandation préalable en ce sens de la HAS et sauf contre-indication médicale reconnue.Il s’agit d’un amendement de bon sens. Les résidents d’Ehpad sont en grande majorité des personnes âgées dépendantes, particulièrement exposées aux complications graves de la grippe. Celles-ci sont susceptibles d’entraîner leur hospitalisation, d’aggraver une affection chronique, voire de les tuer. Dans ces établissements, le confinement de nombreuses personnes fragiles, souvent en contact rapproché, peut favoriser la propagation rapide de la grippe. Imposer la vaccination vise à réduire ces risques de transmission et à éviter des vagues d’épidémie en leur sein.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "127",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 223,
   "amendments": [
    "127"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959970",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 117,
   "annotation_id": "N8d5333f29b62",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à rétablir l’obligation de vaccination contre la grippe pour les résidents des Ehpad, supprimée par le Sénat, sous réserve, je le précise, d’une recommandation préalable en ce sens de la HAS et sauf contre-indication médicale reconnue.Il s’agit d’un amendement de bon sens. Les résidents d’Ehpad sont en grande majorité des personnes âgées dépendantes, particulièrement exposées aux complications graves de la grippe. Celles-ci sont susceptibles d’entraîner leur hospitalisation, d’aggraver une affection chronique, voire de les tuer. Dans ces établissements, le confinement de nombreuses personnes fragiles, souvent en contact rapproché, peut favoriser la propagation rapide de la grippe. Imposer la vaccination vise à réduire ces risques de transmission et à éviter des vagues d’épidémie en leur sein."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959973",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3959973"
   ],
   "order": 226,
   "text": "Cela a été dit et répété, la vaccination est un progrès majeur, l’un de ceux qui ont permis d’éviter le plus grand nombre de morts. La grippe est une maladie excessivement contagieuse. Le virus mute tous les ans ; la vaccination doit donc être renouvelée tous les ans.L’immunité collective n’est pas une abstraction, elle résulte de la vaccination : il faut une masse critique de personnes vaccinées pour que l’ensemble de la population soit protégée. Se soustraire à la vaccination revient à considérer que les autres se vaccineront pour vous. C’est une question de responsabilité, laquelle est le corollaire de la liberté. Quand on est âgé, fragile, que l’on vit dans un milieu confiné, où l’on partage les repas et les moments de détente – comme la gymnastique –, il faut être vacciné.Ce qui me choque, c’est d’entendre de tels discours en 2025. La première technique de vaccination au monde, contre la variole, a été mise au point par les Chinois : ils avaient introduit des variants de la variole dans des cocons de vers à soie pour envoyer en Grande-Bretagne les moyens de développer la vaccination. Ne renions pas l’histoire de la médecine : vaccinons les résidents des Ehpad et les personnels soignants ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "928",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 226,
   "amendments": [
    "928"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3959973",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 212,
   "annotation_id": "N954f756ce452",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cela a été dit et répété, la vaccination est un progrès majeur, l’un de ceux qui ont permis d’éviter le plus grand nombre de morts. La grippe est une maladie excessivement contagieuse. Le virus mute tous les ans ; la vaccination doit donc être renouvelée tous les ans.L’immunité collective n’est pas une abstraction, elle résulte de la vaccination : il faut une masse critique de personnes vaccinées pour que l’ensemble de la population soit protégée. Se soustraire à la vaccination revient à considérer que les autres se vaccineront pour vous. C’est une question de responsabilité, laquelle est le corollaire de la liberté. Quand on est âgé, fragile, que l’on vit dans un milieu confiné, où l’on partage les repas et les moments de détente – comme la gymnastique –, il faut être vacciné.Ce qui me choque, c’est d’entendre de tels discours en 2025. La première technique de vaccination au monde, contre la variole, a été mise au point par les Chinois : ils avaient introduit des variants de la variole dans des cocons de vers à soie pour envoyer en Grande-Bretagne les moyens de développer la vaccination. Ne renions pas l’histoire de la médecine : vaccinons les résidents des Ehpad et les personnels soignants ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960168",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960168"
   ],
   "order": 231,
   "text": "Un débat sur ce sujet n’est pas forcément nécessaire dans la mesure où les personnes en Ehpad sont très majoritairement vaccinées – ce qui est très bien. En 2024, 30 000 hospitalisations après passage aux urgences et 17 000 décès ont été causés par la grippe, et 60 % de ces hospitalisations et plus de 80 % de ces décès ont concerné des personnes de plus de 65 ans. Cela dit, en Ehpad, plus de 80 % des résidents sont vaccinés chaque année lors de campagnes déjà organisées. En outre, la HAS fondera ses recommandations sur la nécessité et la proportionnalité des bénéfices attendus, l’existence de données probantes, la prise en compte des moyens de prévention et une garantie démocratique. Il me semble donc que ces amendements seront satisfaits.À titre personnel, je m’en remets à la sagesse de l’Assemblée sur l’amendement no 387 et invite les auteurs des amendements nos 127 et 928 à les retirer au profit du premier, dont je rappelle qu’il a été adopté en commission.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 231,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960168",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 169,
   "annotation_id": "Na70e59eb305e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Un débat sur ce sujet n’est pas forcément nécessaire dans la mesure où les personnes en Ehpad sont très majoritairement vaccinées – ce qui est très bien. En 2024, 30 000 hospitalisations après passage aux urgences et 17 000 décès ont été causés par la grippe, et 60 % de ces hospitalisations et plus de 80 % de ces décès ont concerné des personnes de plus de 65 ans. Cela dit, en Ehpad, plus de 80 % des résidents sont vaccinés chaque année lors de campagnes déjà organisées. En outre, la HAS fondera ses recommandations sur la nécessité et la proportionnalité des bénéfices attendus, l’existence de données probantes, la prise en compte des moyens de prévention et une garantie démocratique. Il me semble donc que ces amendements seront satisfaits.À titre personnel, je m’en remets à la sagesse de l’Assemblée sur l’amendement no 387 et invite les auteurs des amendements nos 127 et 928 à les retirer au profit du premier, dont je rappelle qu’il a été adopté en commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960171",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960171"
   ],
   "order": 234,
   "text": "Avant tout, la grippe arrive : trois régions – la Normandie, l’Île-de-France et la Nouvelle-Aquitaine – sont en phase épidémique et toutes les autres, partout en France, sont en phase pré-épidémique. Je rappelle qu’il est encore temps de se faire vacciner, pour les personnes fragiles ou âgées de plus de 65 ans ou pour leurs proches afin de les protéger. L’année dernière, la grippe a causé 17 000 décès, ce qui est considérable, et il faut nous mobiliser pour convaincre les gens, en particulier les plus fragiles, d’avoir recours au vaccin.Je vous concède, M. le rapporteur général, que, dans les Ehpad, le taux de vaccination – 83 % – est déjà élevé chez les soignants…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 234,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960171",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 115,
   "annotation_id": "Ned34eba43450",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avant tout, la grippe arrive : trois régions – la Normandie, l’Île-de-France et la Nouvelle-Aquitaine – sont en phase épidémique et toutes les autres, partout en France, sont en phase pré-épidémique. Je rappelle qu’il est encore temps de se faire vacciner, pour les personnes fragiles ou âgées de plus de 65 ans ou pour leurs proches afin de les protéger. L’année dernière, la grippe a causé 17 000 décès, ce qui est considérable, et il faut nous mobiliser pour convaincre les gens, en particulier les plus fragiles, d’avoir recours au vaccin.Je vous concède, M. le rapporteur général, que, dans les Ehpad, le taux de vaccination – 83 % – est déjà élevé chez les soignants…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960174",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960174"
   ],
   "order": 237,
   "text": "…pardon, chez les résidents. Or nous avons un objectif de 100 %. Ce taux de 83 % n’est en outre qu’une moyenne, qui ne concerne donc pas l’ensemble des établissements. Après que la HAS aura confirmé l’intérêt scientifique, cette disposition permettra de relever le taux de vaccination dans certains établissements et de protéger ainsi davantage de personnes. Mon avis est donc favorable sur l’ensemble de ces amendements, sans préférence.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 237,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960174",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 69,
   "annotation_id": "Nca42af2aa52f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…pardon, chez les résidents. Or nous avons un objectif de 100 %. Ce taux de 83 % n’est en outre qu’une moyenne, qui ne concerne donc pas l’ensemble des établissements. Après que la HAS aura confirmé l’intérêt scientifique, cette disposition permettra de relever le taux de vaccination dans certains établissements et de protéger ainsi davantage de personnes. Mon avis est donc favorable sur l’ensemble de ces amendements, sans préférence."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960176",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960176"
   ],
   "order": 239,
   "text": "D’abord, il importe de toujours rappeler que la vaccination sauve des vies ! D’après Santé publique France, chaque année, 2 500 personnes sont sauvées par la vaccination contre la grippe. (M. Jean-François Rousset et Mme Brigitte Klinkert applaudissent.)Ceux qui se déclarent favorables à la vaccination mais opposés à l’obligation vaccinale se font de plus en plus nombreux. On voit, dans le même temps, l’obligation vaccinale fléchir dans les pays occidentaux. N’oublions pas que c’est pour cette raison que des nourrissons sont morts de la rougeole aux États-Unis l’été dernier ! Des nourrissons morts d’une maladie qui ne tuait plus ! Au XXIe siècle !Pourquoi réaffirmer que l’obligation vaccinale est importante ? Parce que lorsque vous vous vaccinez, vous vous protégez vous-même mais vous protégez aussi les autres – votre grand-mère, votre grand-père ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem. – Mme Colette Capdevielle applaudit aussi.) Le taux de vaccination est peut-être déjà élevé dans les Ehpad, mais il faut surtout éviter qu’il ne diminue, cela en réaffirmant l’obligation vaccinale, y compris dans ces établissements. Sinon, la tendance actuelle conduira à une baisse de la couverture ! (M. Boris Vallaud et M. Jean-François Rousset applaudissent.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 239,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960176",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 197,
   "annotation_id": "Ne88a6e3bb009",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "D’abord, il importe de toujours rappeler que la vaccination sauve des vies ! D’après Santé publique France, chaque année, 2 500 personnes sont sauvées par la vaccination contre la grippe. (M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)Ceux qui se déclarent favorables à la vaccination mais opposés à l’obligation vaccinale se font de plus en plus nombreux. On voit, dans le même temps, l’obligation vaccinale fléchir dans les pays occidentaux. N’oublions pas que c’est pour cette raison que des nourrissons sont morts de la rougeole aux États-Unis l’été dernier ! Des nourrissons morts d’une maladie qui ne tuait plus ! Au XXIe siècle !Pourquoi réaffirmer que l’obligation vaccinale est importante ? Parce que lorsque vous vous vaccinez, vous vous protégez vous-même mais vous protégez aussi les autres – votre grand-mère, votre grand-père ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.) Le taux de vaccination est peut-être déjà élevé dans les Ehpad, mais il faut surtout éviter qu’il ne diminue, cela en réaffirmant l’obligation vaccinale, y compris dans ces établissements. Sinon, la tendance actuelle conduira à une baisse de la couverture ! (M. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793246",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Falcon",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Falcon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960181",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960181"
   ],
   "order": 243,
   "text": "Nous sommes un peu gênés : vous traitez de la même manière vaccination saisonnière et vaccination permanente. Il ne s’agit pourtant pas de mettre au même niveau la vaccination contre la grippe et la vaccination DTP – diphtérie, tétanos, poliomyélite –, qui protège pendant treize ans, ou les vaccinations contre la rougeole ou l’hépatite B, qui protègent à vie.Par ailleurs, comme je viens de le vérifier, le vaccin contre la grippe est assez peu efficace – moins de 50 %. Nous ne voulons pas revivre l’épisode covid, qui a mis le bazar dans les établissements de santé, le bazar chez les pompiers, le bazar dans les Ehpad… (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 243,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960181",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 116,
   "annotation_id": "Nc50ec4111d2c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes un peu gênés : vous traitez de la même manière vaccination saisonnière et vaccination permanente. Il ne s’agit pourtant pas de mettre au même niveau la vaccination contre la grippe et la vaccination DTP – diphtérie, tétanos, poliomyélite –, qui protège pendant treize ans, ou les vaccinations contre la rougeole ou l’hépatite B, qui protègent à vie.Par ailleurs, comme je viens de le vérifier, le vaccin contre la grippe est assez peu efficace – moins de 50 %. Nous ne voulons pas revivre l’épisode covid, qui a mis le bazar dans les établissements de santé, le bazar chez les pompiers, le bazar dans les Ehpad… (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793246",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Falcon",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Falcon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960185",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960185"
   ],
   "order": 247,
   "text": "Madame Runel, que ferez-vous de tous ces résidents d’Ehpad qui ne seront pas vaccinés ? Vous mettrez à la porte ces personnes de 80 ans, de 90 ans ? Qu’est-ce que ce Parti socialiste complètement cynique ? (Exclamations sur divers bancs.)Il est hors de question que nous imposions une obligation vaccinale pour un vaccin aussi peu efficace. Quel sera le pendant de tout cela ? Après avoir imposé la vaccination contre la grippe, vous réimposerez la vaccination contre la covid – qui, je le rappelle, est juste suspendue – et nous revivrons alors la série noire des années 2021 et 2022. Ce n’est pas possible. (Vives exclamations.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 247,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960185",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 107,
   "annotation_id": "Na170ec86992d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Runel, que ferez-vous de tous ces résidents d’Ehpad qui ne seront pas vaccinés ? Vous mettrez à la porte ces personnes de 80 ans, de 90 ans ? Qu’est-ce que ce Parti [GROUPE] complètement cynique ? (Exclamations sur divers bancs.)Il est hors de question que nous imposions une obligation vaccinale pour un vaccin aussi peu efficace. Quel sera le pendant de tout cela ? Après avoir imposé la vaccination contre la grippe, vous réimposerez la vaccination contre la covid – qui, je le rappelle, est juste suspendue – et nous revivrons alors la série noire des années 2021 et 2022. Ce n’est pas possible. (Vives exclamations.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793246",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Falcon",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Falcon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960190",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960190"
   ],
   "order": 252,
   "text": "En Europe, seuls quinze pays imposent l’obligation vaccinale et les autres n’imposent rien. Nous croyons en la responsabilité et nous croyons en la liberté ; nous ne croyons pas en l’obligation. Nous nous souvenons du discours « tous vaccinés, tous protégés », qui était faux : le virus circulait malgré la vaccination ! (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 252,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960190",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 55,
   "annotation_id": "Nee1c4c31b792",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "En Europe, seuls quinze pays imposent l’obligation vaccinale et les autres n’imposent rien. Nous croyons en la responsabilité et nous croyons en la liberté ; nous ne croyons pas en l’obligation. Nous nous souvenons du discours « tous vaccinés, tous protégés », qui était faux : le virus circulait malgré la vaccination ! (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960199",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960199"
   ],
   "order": 263,
   "text": "Un mot rapide – nous n’allons pas non plus y passer des heures – sur notre capacité collective à mesurer les dangers, les risques et les conséquences de cet article, s’il devait malheureusement être adopté. Dans un pays où la désertification médicale progresse à grande vitesse et où nous manquons de personnels soignants, cette obligation vaccinale pourrait inciter des médecins à prendre leur retraite, dissuader des jeunes de s’engager dans des études de médecine ou des soignants de poursuivre leur activité professionnelle.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 263,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960199",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 82,
   "annotation_id": "N89751e09b637",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Un mot rapide – nous n’allons pas non plus y passer des heures – sur notre capacité collective à mesurer les dangers, les risques et les conséquences de cet article, s’il devait malheureusement être adopté. Dans un pays où la désertification médicale progresse à grande vitesse et où nous manquons de personnels soignants, cette obligation vaccinale pourrait inciter des médecins à prendre leur retraite, dissuader des jeunes de s’engager dans des études de médecine ou des soignants de poursuivre leur activité professionnelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960201",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960201"
   ],
   "order": 265,
   "text": "Il y aurait donc encore moins de soignants ! Dès lors, le vrai danger en termes d’accès aux soins n’est-il pas précisément cette obligation vaccinale ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 265,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960201",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "N3be0ac1895e5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il y aurait donc encore moins de soignants ! Dès lors, le vrai danger en termes d’accès aux soins n’est-il pas précisément cette obligation vaccinale ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960204",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960204"
   ],
   "order": 268,
   "text": "Je dis avec respect à mes collègues du Rassemblement national que je ne les comprends pas. Franchement, refuser la vaccination et refuser de l’étendre… (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 268,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960204",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 31,
   "annotation_id": "Na431bcc354bf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je dis avec respect à mes collègues du [GROUPE] que je ne les comprends pas. Franchement, refuser la vaccination et refuser de l’étendre… (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960206",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960206"
   ],
   "order": 270,
   "text": "Cher collègue Bentz, vous voulez la responsabilité. Mais il faut se l’appliquer à soi-même ! Pourquoi ne déposez-vous pas des amendements pour supprimer les vaccins obligatoires pour les enfants, dont le nombre est passé de trois à onze en 2018 ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 270,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960206",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 41,
   "annotation_id": "Nccf6d8081c19",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cher collègue Bentz, vous voulez la responsabilité. Mais il faut se l’appliquer à soi-même ! Pourquoi ne déposez-vous pas des amendements pour supprimer les vaccins obligatoires pour les enfants, dont le nombre est passé de trois à onze en 2018 ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960210",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960210"
   ],
   "order": 274,
   "text": "Cela vous gêne-t-il que je le dise ? Si les enfants étaient vaccinés contre le virus syncytial respiratoire, le VSR, il y aurait trois fois moins de bronchiolites aigües ! Vous n’avez pas le droit de tenir ces discours ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem, EPR, SOC et HOR.) Je vous invite, venez avec moi et vous verrez, vous changerez d’avis !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 274,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960210",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "N6b9467911c3b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cela vous gêne-t-il que je le dise ? Si les enfants étaient vaccinés contre le virus syncytial respiratoire, le VSR, il y aurait trois fois moins de bronchiolites aigües ! Vous n’avez pas le droit de tenir ces discours ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem, [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et HOR.) Je vous invite, venez avec moi et vous verrez, vous changerez d’avis !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960216",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960216"
   ],
   "order": 280,
   "text": "…ma responsabilité, en tant que ministre de la santé, voire notre responsabilité collective, est d’assumer que la vaccination est obligatoire, sous réserve de ce que recommandera la HAS, parce qu’elle relève précisément de la science.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 280,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960216",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 35,
   "annotation_id": "Nf10a96bcf0b3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…ma responsabilité, en tant que ministre de la santé, voire notre responsabilité collective, est d’assumer que la vaccination est obligatoire, sous réserve de ce que recommandera la HAS, parce qu’elle relève précisément de la science."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960218",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960218"
   ],
   "order": 282,
   "text": "D’ailleurs, de nombreux soignants ne comprennent pas que nous ayons la main molle en la matière. Nous devons assumer les bienfaits du vaccin et nous conduire avec responsabilité (Applaudissements sur divers bancs), sous peine de nous laisser déborder. Au moment-même où je vous parle, je sais que mon compte Twitter est en train de flamber parce que je m’exprime sur les vaccins ! Dès que nous parlons de vaccin, la désinformation se met en branle. Que cela vous plaise ou non, nous avons une responsabilité collective.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 282,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960218",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 86,
   "annotation_id": "N9e5533d999fc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "D’ailleurs, de nombreux soignants ne comprennent pas que nous ayons la main molle en la matière. Nous devons assumer les bienfaits du vaccin et nous conduire avec responsabilité (Applaudissements sur divers bancs), sous peine de nous laisser déborder. Au moment-même où je vous parle, je sais que mon compte Twitter est en train de flamber parce que je m’exprime sur les vaccins ! Dès que nous parlons de vaccin, la désinformation se met en branle. Que cela vous plaise ou non, nous avons une responsabilité collective."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960227",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960227"
   ],
   "order": 291,
   "text": "Il vise à autoriser les professionnels de santé libéraux à détenir des vaccins dans leur cabinet afin de faciliter la vaccination et de lever les obstacles organisationnels. Bien sûr, il ne s’agit pas d’y obliger les professionnels de santé mais de donner cette possibilité à ceux qui le souhaitent, en toute sécurité pour la chaîne du médicament – grâce, notamment, à des frigos vérifiés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "772",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 291,
   "amendments": [
    "772"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960227",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 64,
   "annotation_id": "Nd882283dc089",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à autoriser les professionnels de santé libéraux à détenir des vaccins dans leur cabinet afin de faciliter la vaccination et de lever les obstacles organisationnels. Bien sûr, il ne s’agit pas d’y obliger les professionnels de santé mais de donner cette possibilité à ceux qui le souhaitent, en toute sécurité pour la chaîne du médicament – grâce, notamment, à des frigos vérifiés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960231",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960231"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "Si nous voulons atteindre nos objectifs de vaccination par nos campagnes vaccinales, il est fondamental de faciliter l’accès aux vaccins à tout un chacun – ce que permet cette mesure. L’aller vers est fondamental, c’est comme cela que nous pourrons respecter nos objectifs.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "953",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 295,
   "amendments": [
    "953"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960231",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 43,
   "annotation_id": "N57a34e107ac7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Si nous voulons atteindre nos objectifs de vaccination par nos campagnes vaccinales, il est fondamental de faciliter l’accès aux vaccins à tout un chacun – ce que permet cette mesure. L’aller vers est fondamental, c’est comme cela que nous pourrons respecter nos objectifs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960233",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960233"
   ],
   "order": 297,
   "text": "Je suis un peu embêté : l’Assemblée avait fait un choix clair en adoptant deux articles en première lecture, l’article 20 bis et l’article 20 ter. Or l’amendement du gouvernement ajoute à l’article 20 les mesures qui y étaient prévues. Ce sous-amendement tend à transformer la mesure qui figurait à l’article 20 ter en expérimentation. Réflexion faite, je souhaite le retirer.J’en profite toutefois pour partager nos légitimes inquiétudes – d’autant que vous élargissez cette mesure pour les médecins aux infirmiers et aux sages-femmes. Il faudrait nous garantir que ces professionnels achèteront directement les vaccins aux officines, que nous avons soutenues avant-hier, et que celles-ci conserveront la possibilité de procéder aux vaccinations, afin qu’elles ne soient pas perdantes.D’autre part, il faudrait nous rassurer sur la conservation et la traçabilité de ces vaccins. Ces questions ont été soulevées en commission à propos de la chaîne économique et sanitaire des vaccins, dans le souci que cette mesure ne porte préjudice ni aux acteurs ni aux produits.Vous prévoyez que la HAS et l’ANSM, l’Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé, émettent un avis sur les modalités d’application du dispositif. Je suis convaincu que ces autorités sauront définir les niveaux de normes sanitaires adéquats et c’est la raison pour laquelle je retire mon sous-amendement. Quant à l’amendement, nous ne l’avons pas examiné en commission ; je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée, sachant que son adoption – les services de la séance s’en sont assurés – ferait, d’une certaine manière, tomber les articles 20 bis et 20 ter.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "953",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 297,
   "amendments": [
    "953"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960233",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 259,
   "annotation_id": "N26ff2f169076",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis un peu embêté : l’Assemblée avait fait un choix clair en adoptant deux articles en première lecture, l’article 20 bis et l’article 20 ter. Or l’amendement du gouvernement ajoute à l’article 20 les mesures qui y étaient prévues. Ce sous-amendement tend à transformer la mesure qui figurait à l’article 20 ter en expérimentation. Réflexion faite, je souhaite le retirer.J’en profite toutefois pour partager nos légitimes inquiétudes – d’autant que vous élargissez cette mesure pour les médecins aux infirmiers et aux sages-femmes. Il faudrait nous garantir que ces professionnels achèteront directement les vaccins aux officines, que nous avons soutenues avant-hier, et que celles-ci conserveront la possibilité de procéder aux vaccinations, afin qu’elles ne soient pas perdantes.D’autre part, il faudrait nous rassurer sur la conservation et la traçabilité de ces vaccins. Ces questions ont été soulevées en commission à propos de la chaîne économique et sanitaire des vaccins, dans le souci que cette mesure ne porte préjudice ni aux acteurs ni aux produits.Vous prévoyez que la HAS et l’ANSM, l’Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé, émettent un avis sur les modalités d’application du dispositif. Je suis convaincu que ces autorités sauront définir les niveaux de normes sanitaires adéquats et c’est la raison pour laquelle je retire mon sous-amendement. Quant à l’amendement, nous ne l’avons pas examiné en commission ; je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée, sachant que son adoption – les services de la séance s’en sont assurés – ferait, d’une certaine manière, tomber les articles 20 bis et 20 ter."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960400",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960400"
   ],
   "order": 303,
   "text": "Je soutiens évidemment ces amendements comme je soutiens l’intention originelle de l’article 20, qui se trouve ici rétablie : l’obligation vaccinale pour l’ensemble des soignants ainsi que pour les résidents d’Ehpad. Comme vous, madame la ministre, et comme tous ceux qui osent aborder les enjeux de santé publique en défendant la vaccination, je sais qu’en m’exprimant au micro de l’Assemblée nationale, je vais déclencher les foudres des vaccino-sceptiques.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 303,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960400",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 68,
   "annotation_id": "N5547507c7d36",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je soutiens évidemment ces amendements comme je soutiens l’intention originelle de l’article 20, qui se trouve ici rétablie : l’obligation vaccinale pour l’ensemble des soignants ainsi que pour les résidents d’Ehpad. Comme vous, madame la ministre, et comme tous ceux qui osent aborder les enjeux de santé publique en défendant la vaccination, je sais qu’en m’exprimant au micro de l’Assemblée nationale, je vais déclencher les foudres des vaccino-sceptiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960402",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960402"
   ],
   "order": 305,
   "text": "Je ne peux accepter que leurs propos hallucinants souillent ainsi notre hémicycle ; ce faisant, ils jettent l’opprobre sur des politiques de santé publique, (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EPR et Dem) qui ont été la gloire et l’honneur de notre pays depuis Louis Pasteur – un pays où en 1950, on déplorait chaque année 3 000 décès de la diphtérie, 1 000 morts du tétanos et 200 décès, des décès d’enfants, de la poliomyélite. La vaccination, ce sont les Lumières appliquées à la médecine (Mêmes mouvements), c’est le progrès médical, c’est la foi dans la raison et aussi dans la solidarité car ce n’est pas un acte individuel : c’est un signe de l’appartenance à une humanité commune,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 305,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960402",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 121,
   "annotation_id": "N58815a493b57",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne peux accepter que leurs propos hallucinants souillent ainsi notre hémicycle ; ce faisant, ils jettent l’opprobre sur des politiques de santé publique, (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Dem) qui ont été la gloire et l’honneur de notre pays depuis Louis Pasteur – un pays où en 1950, on déplorait chaque année 3 000 décès de la diphtérie, 1 000 morts du tétanos et 200 décès, des décès d’enfants, de la poliomyélite. La vaccination, ce sont les Lumières appliquées à la médecine (Mêmes mouvements), c’est le progrès médical, c’est la foi dans la raison et aussi dans la solidarité car ce n’est pas un acte individuel : c’est un signe de l’appartenance à une humanité commune,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960404",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960404"
   ],
   "order": 307,
   "text": "…selon laquelle ce qui me concerne, concerne les autres ! Et vous, au contraire, vous flattez les passions tristes, vous entretenez tous les affects les plus vils, sapant la confiance que nous devons avoir dans l’organisation collective de la sécurité sociale ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EPR et Dem.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 307,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960404",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "Ncb304722e80d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…selon laquelle ce qui me concerne, concerne les autres ! Et vous, au contraire, vous flattez les passions tristes, vous entretenez tous les affects les plus vils, sapant la confiance que nous devons avoir dans l’organisation collective de la sécurité sociale ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841645",
   "speaker": "Théo Bernhardt",
   "quality": "M. Théo Bernhardt",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960410",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960410"
   ],
   "order": 313,
   "text": "…et discutons. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe SOC.) Personne ne dit ici que la vaccination ne sauve pas des vies, il est évident qu’elle en sauve ! Cela dit, vous devez respecter le point de vue de chacun et en particulier celui de mes collègues. Je précise, à titre personnel, que je suis vacciné ; je le suis contre la grippe et j’encourage les personnes qui veulent le faire, notamment les plus fragiles, à en faire autant. Mais les y contraindre, les y obliger, c’est tout à fait différent ! (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR, SOC et Dem.)En effet, depuis les campagnes de vaccination contre le covid, une fracture s’est ouverte, une fracture béante qui n’est toujours pas refermée. On nous avait promis que le vaccin ne serait pas obligatoire, mais il a fini par l’être pour ceux qui voulaient vivre une vie normale ; il l’a même été pour les soignants ! Si vous voulez que les gens acceptent de se faire vacciner, autorisez le débat !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 313,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960410",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 171,
   "annotation_id": "Nc328d9d789dd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "…et discutons. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Personne ne dit ici que la vaccination ne sauve pas des vies, il est évident qu’elle en sauve ! Cela dit, vous devez respecter le point de vue de chacun et en particulier celui de mes collègues. Je précise, à titre personnel, que je suis vacciné ; je le suis contre la grippe et j’encourage les personnes qui veulent le faire, notamment les plus fragiles, à en faire autant. Mais les y contraindre, les y obliger, c’est tout à fait différent ! (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Dem.)En effet, depuis les campagnes de vaccination contre le covid, une fracture s’est ouverte, une fracture béante qui n’est toujours pas refermée. On nous avait promis que le vaccin ne serait pas obligatoire, mais il a fini par l’être pour ceux qui voulaient vivre une vie normale ; il l’a même été pour les soignants ! Si vous voulez que les gens acceptent de se faire vacciner, autorisez le débat !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841645",
   "speaker": "Théo Bernhardt",
   "quality": "M. Théo Bernhardt",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960415",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960415"
   ],
   "order": 318,
   "text": "C’est en agissant de la sorte que nous rétablirons la confiance et que nous ouvrirons la voie, sans contrainte, à la vaccination du plus grand nombre. C’est aussi simple que ça ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 /  / ",
   "article": "Article 20",
   "article_id": "3959597",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 318,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960415",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 39,
   "annotation_id": "N310fc81cfadb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "C’est en agissant de la sorte que nous rétablirons la confiance et que nous ouvrirons la voie, sans contrainte, à la vaccination du plus grand nombre. C’est aussi simple que ça ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960473",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3960473"
   ],
   "order": 377,
   "text": "Ils ont été rejetés en commission. Le Sénat a renforcé l’évaluation dont doit faire l’objet l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions (HSA), pour que soient bien prises en compte toutes les dimensions du problème. Je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 377,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3960473",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 42,
   "annotation_id": "Nfe9928a1916b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ils ont été rejetés en commission. Le Sénat a renforcé l’évaluation dont doit faire l’objet l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions (HSA), pour que soient bien prises en compte toutes les dimensions du problème. Je m’en remets donc à la sagesse de l’Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721270",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Peu",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Peu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958885",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958885"
   ],
   "order": 385,
   "text": "Je me félicite que l’on puisse prolonger l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions. La problématique des addictions, de la toxicomanie en particulier, est très présente dans le débat. Si l’on ne nie pas la nécessité de prendre des mesures de répression pour lutter contre les trafiquants, il faut aussi traiter des addictions et tendre la main aux malades. C’est un problème que je connais bien en tant qu’élu mais aussi en tant que citoyen puisque j’ai été riverain d’une zone de crack, déplacée de Paris à Saint-Denis dans les années 1990-2000. C’est grâce au travail conjugué des forces de police contre les dealers et du personnel des salles de soins qui ont été ouvertes pour les toxicomanes, que l’on a ainsi traités comme les malades qu’ils sont et non comme des dealers, que ce camp de crack a été éradiqué à Saint-Denis. Il faut mener ces deux politiques en parallèle et non les opposer. Le sujet de la drogue ne doit pas être abordé sous le seul angle de la répression, même si la police a son rôle à jouer. Les malades ne doivent pas être oubliés et il ne faut pas négliger les soins à leur apporter pour les aider à sortir de l’addiction. (Mme Danielle Simonnet applaudit.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "407",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 385,
   "amendments": [
    "407"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958885",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 208,
   "annotation_id": "N863c725c19f9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je me félicite que l’on puisse prolonger l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions. La problématique des addictions, de la toxicomanie en particulier, est très présente dans le débat. Si l’on ne nie pas la nécessité de prendre des mesures de répression pour lutter contre les trafiquants, il faut aussi traiter des addictions et tendre la main aux malades. C’est un problème que je connais bien en tant qu’élu mais aussi en tant que citoyen puisque j’ai été riverain d’une zone de crack, déplacée de Paris à Saint-Denis dans les années 1990-2000. C’est grâce au travail conjugué des forces de police contre les dealers et du personnel des salles de soins qui ont été ouvertes pour les toxicomanes, que l’on a ainsi traités comme les malades qu’ils sont et non comme des dealers, que ce camp de crack a été éradiqué à Saint-Denis. Il faut mener ces deux politiques en parallèle et non les opposer. Le sujet de la drogue ne doit pas être abordé sous le seul angle de la répression, même si la police a son rôle à jouer. Les malades ne doivent pas être oubliés et il ne faut pas négliger les soins à leur apporter pour les aider à sortir de l’addiction. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958887",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958887"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "L’article traite d’une expérimentation financée par la sécurité sociale et destinée à accompagner les personnes qui souhaitent arrêter de consommer des drogues en les aidant à sortir de la dépendance et en leur prodiguant les soins nécessaires. Il est bien évident que si on pose la question de leur présence aux riverains des haltes soins addictions, personne, je dis bien personne, n’a envie d’avoir des drogués à côté de chez lui, soyons honnêtes. Mais dès lors qu’ils sont là, il faut bien les prendre en charge et les soigner. Dans ce contexte, pourquoi proposez-vous de tenir compte, dans les critères d’évaluation de ces structures, des retours des forces de l’ordre ? Pourquoi vouloir mélanger des impératifs de santé publique avec des considérations qui tiennent à l’ordre public, à la justice et à la police ? Ce serait s’éloigner de l’objet même de l’expérimentation et prendre le risque de mettre fin au financement de l’expérimentation pour de mauvaises raisons, alors même que ces structures ont permis à des gens de sortir de la dépendance, d’être soignés pour leur addiction ainsi que pour toutes les maladies qu’ils ont pu contracter précisément du fait de leur addiction. C’est un dispositif qui a aussi prouvé qu’il pouvait favoriser le retour de ces personnes, qui souffrent d’une carence de soins, quand elles n’en sont pas totalement privées, dans un parcours d’accompagnement médical adapté. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "544",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 387,
   "amendments": [
    "544"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958887",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 235,
   "annotation_id": "N5c16fefa2051",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article traite d’une expérimentation financée par la sécurité sociale et destinée à accompagner les personnes qui souhaitent arrêter de consommer des drogues en les aidant à sortir de la dépendance et en leur prodiguant les soins nécessaires. Il est bien évident que si on pose la question de leur présence aux riverains des haltes soins addictions, personne, je dis bien personne, n’a envie d’avoir des drogués à côté de chez lui, soyons honnêtes. Mais dès lors qu’ils sont là, il faut bien les prendre en charge et les soigner. Dans ce contexte, pourquoi proposez-vous de tenir compte, dans les critères d’évaluation de ces structures, des retours des forces de l’ordre ? Pourquoi vouloir mélanger des impératifs de santé publique avec des considérations qui tiennent à l’ordre public, à la justice et à la police ? Ce serait s’éloigner de l’objet même de l’expérimentation et prendre le risque de mettre fin au financement de l’expérimentation pour de mauvaises raisons, alors même que ces structures ont permis à des gens de sortir de la dépendance, d’être soignés pour leur addiction ainsi que pour toutes les maladies qu’ils ont pu contracter précisément du fait de leur addiction. C’est un dispositif qui a aussi prouvé qu’il pouvait favoriser le retour de ces personnes, qui souffrent d’une carence de soins, quand elles n’en sont pas totalement privées, dans un parcours d’accompagnement médical adapté. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958890",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958890"
   ],
   "order": 389,
   "text": "La commission les a rejetés. Toutefois, j’ai été sensible aux arguments développés en première lecture sur le drame que vivent ces personnes et nos échanges se sont d’ailleurs poursuivis en dehors de l’hémicycle. J’ai bien compris qu’il n’était pas opportun d’opposer des enjeux de santé publique aux questions d’ordre public et c’est précisément parce qu’une réponse globale ne me fait pas peur que je vous présenterai dans quelques minutes un amendement qui s’inspire de la rédaction de celui que M. Davi nous présentera dans un instant et de la réécriture du Sénat.Dans un souci d’objectivité, je suis reparti de l’expérimentation initiale, qui prévoit déjà d’évaluer les nuisances dans l’espace public, tout en considérant que l’évolution des modes de consommation doit également être examinée. Ma rédaction tend donc à élargir et à préciser le champ d’analyse du rapport en retenant les critères relatifs à la tranquillité publique et à l’évolution des modes de consommation. C’est une forme de compromis, car il ne s’agissait pas non plus de négliger l’enjeu de l’acceptabilité, analysé dès le début de l’expérimentation par le biais des nuisances constatées dans l’espace public.Je vous proposerai donc que le rapport comprenne une analyse des faits de délinquance, des troubles à l’ordre public, des nuisances constatées dans l’espace public ou perçues par les riverains, et de l’évolution des modes de consommation. Cette rédaction est beaucoup plus équilibrée que celle du Sénat et présente le mérite de concilier tous les enjeux. Il ne faut pas avoir peur de prolonger l’expérimentation car, dès lors que nous disposerons de l’ensemble des éléments, nous pourrons décider de la généraliser ou non. Je vous invite par conséquent à retirer l’amendement ; à défaut, j’y serai défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 389,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958890",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 281,
   "annotation_id": "Ncfc398807410",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "OQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La commission les a rejetés. Toutefois, j’ai été sensible aux arguments développés en première lecture sur le drame que vivent ces personnes et nos échanges se sont d’ailleurs poursuivis en dehors de l’hémicycle. J’ai bien compris qu’il n’était pas opportun d’opposer des enjeux de santé publique aux questions d’ordre public et c’est précisément parce qu’une réponse globale ne me fait pas peur que je vous présenterai dans quelques minutes un amendement qui s’inspire de la rédaction de celui que M. Davi nous présentera dans un instant et de la réécriture du Sénat.Dans un souci d’objectivité, je suis reparti de l’expérimentation initiale, qui prévoit déjà d’évaluer les nuisances dans l’espace public, tout en considérant que l’évolution des modes de consommation doit également être examinée. Ma rédaction tend donc à élargir et à préciser le champ d’analyse du rapport en retenant les critères relatifs à la tranquillité publique et à l’évolution des modes de consommation. C’est une forme de compromis, car il ne s’agissait pas non plus de négliger l’enjeu de l’acceptabilité, analysé dès le début de l’expérimentation par le biais des nuisances constatées dans l’espace public.Je vous proposerai donc que le rapport comprenne une analyse des faits de délinquance, des troubles à l’ordre public, des nuisances constatées dans l’espace public ou perçues par les riverains, et de l’évolution des modes de consommation. Cette rédaction est beaucoup plus équilibrée que celle du Sénat et présente le mérite de concilier tous les enjeux. Il ne faut pas avoir peur de prolonger l’expérimentation car, dès lors que nous disposerons de l’ensemble des éléments, nous pourrons décider de la généraliser ou non. Je vous invite par conséquent à retirer l’amendement ; à défaut, j’y serai défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958894",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958894"
   ],
   "order": 393,
   "text": "Avis défavorable, même si je comprends le sens de l’amendement. Nous prévoyons de prolonger une expérimentation dans laquelle les troubles éventuels à l’ordre public sont déjà évalués. Nous avons déjà obtenu plusieurs résultats favorables, comme la réduction du nombre de seringues ramassées aux alentours de ces centres, de 150 à une dizaine par jour en moyenne, ou la baisse du nombre d’agressions, mais il nous manque encore quelques données pour décider de généraliser ces structures. C’est pour cette raison, je le répète, que nous poursuivons l’expérimentation, même si elle commence déjà à porter ses fruits en matière de santé publique.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 393,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958894",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N86728ae227b7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MOPQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable, même si je comprends le sens de l’amendement. Nous prévoyons de prolonger une expérimentation dans laquelle les troubles éventuels à l’ordre public sont déjà évalués. Nous avons déjà obtenu plusieurs résultats favorables, comme la réduction du nombre de seringues ramassées aux alentours de ces centres, de 150 à une dizaine par jour en moyenne, ou la baisse du nombre d’agressions, mais il nous manque encore quelques données pour décider de généraliser ces structures. C’est pour cette raison, je le répète, que nous poursuivons l’expérimentation, même si elle commence déjà à porter ses fruits en matière de santé publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958896"
   ],
   "order": 395,
   "text": "Nous sommes tous conscients que le narcotrafic tue, mais il n’y a pas de narcotrafic s’il n’y a pas de consommateurs, et ce dont nous aurions vraiment besoin, c’est d’une véritable politique de santé publique pour réduire la consommation de ces produits, héroïne et cocaïne, sans parler de toutes les nouvelles substances qui arrivent sur le marché. Or pour parvenir à nos fins, il faudrait accorder bien davantage de moyens à l’hôpital public, car les centres d’addictologie sont très pauvres. C’est là encore un point dont nous n’avons malheureusement pas du tout débattu. Il faudra également renforcer les moyens des haltes soins addictions car ces structures ont prouvé qu’elles permettaient de réduire les risques. Deux expérimentations ont été menées, l’une à Paris, l’autre à Strasbourg. Nous devons les poursuivre et les étendre. Il faut arrêter de stigmatiser ces expérimentations et mettre en avant, au contraire, leur efficacité quant à la santé publique. C’est le sens des amendements.Madame la ministre, je ne cesse de vous envoyer des courriers, à vous mais aussi à votre prédécesseur Yannick Neuder, au sujet d’un projet de ce type à Marseille pour lequel nous aurions besoin de votre soutien. Ce serait bien si vous pouviez enfin me répondre !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 395,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958896",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 203,
   "annotation_id": "Ne312bebbcdc3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes tous conscients que le narcotrafic tue, mais il n’y a pas de narcotrafic s’il n’y a pas de consommateurs, et ce dont nous aurions vraiment besoin, c’est d’une véritable politique de santé publique pour réduire la consommation de ces produits, héroïne et cocaïne, sans parler de toutes les nouvelles substances qui arrivent sur le marché. Or pour parvenir à nos fins, il faudrait accorder bien davantage de moyens à l’hôpital public, car les centres d’addictologie sont très pauvres. C’est là encore un point dont nous n’avons malheureusement pas du tout débattu. Il faudra également renforcer les moyens des haltes soins addictions car ces structures ont prouvé qu’elles permettaient de réduire les risques. Deux expérimentations ont été menées, l’une à Paris, l’autre à Strasbourg. Nous devons les poursuivre et les étendre. Il faut arrêter de stigmatiser ces expérimentations et mettre en avant, au contraire, leur efficacité quant à la santé publique. C’est le sens des amendements.Madame la ministre, je ne cesse de vous envoyer des courriers, à vous mais aussi à votre prédécesseur [PERSONNE], au sujet d’un projet de ce type à Marseille pour lequel nous aurions besoin de votre soutien. Ce serait bien si vous pouviez enfin me répondre !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1008",
   "speaker": "Alain David",
   "quality": "M. Alain David",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958905",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958905"
   ],
   "order": 403,
   "text": "Il vise à modifier l’alinéa introduit par le Sénat concernant les expérimentations de haltes soins addictions. L’ajout sénatorial met l’accent, dans l’évaluation du dispositif, sur les aspects liés à la sécurité, aux nuisances et aux troubles à l’ordre public, en recourant à des termes stigmatisants. Cette évaluation a déjà été réalisée dans l’expérimentation. Néanmoins, l’évaluation doit en effet être enrichie car le contexte de consommation a évolué. C’est notamment le cas de l’injection de cocaïne, phénomène nouveau qui n’avait pas été analysé et qui est en augmentation. Il est nécessaire de modifier la rédaction de l’article pour en tenir compte.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "265",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 403,
   "amendments": [
    "265"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958905",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 100,
   "annotation_id": "N2849b5b8c8b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à modifier l’alinéa introduit par le Sénat concernant les expérimentations de haltes soins addictions. L’ajout sénatorial met l’accent, dans l’évaluation du dispositif, sur les aspects liés à la sécurité, aux nuisances et aux troubles à l’ordre public, en recourant à des termes stigmatisants. Cette évaluation a déjà été réalisée dans l’expérimentation. Néanmoins, l’évaluation doit en effet être enrichie car le contexte de consommation a évolué. C’est notamment le cas de l’injection de cocaïne, phénomène nouveau qui n’avait pas été analysé et qui est en augmentation. Il est nécessaire de modifier la rédaction de l’article pour en tenir compte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "rapporteur général",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958908",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958908"
   ],
   "order": 405,
   "text": "Pour tenir compte des remarques formulées en commission, j’ai proposé l’amendement no 265 dont la rédaction s’inspire de l’amendement de M. Davi et de la réécriture retenue par le Sénat ; en ce sens, elle me paraît la plus équilibrée et j’invite M. Davi à retirer son amendement. À défaut, j’y serai défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 405,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958908",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 53,
   "annotation_id": "N1342bd043934",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pour tenir compte des remarques formulées en commission, j’ai proposé l’amendement no 265 dont la rédaction s’inspire de l’amendement de M. Davi et de la réécriture retenue par le Sénat ; en ce sens, elle me paraît la plus équilibrée et j’invite M. Davi à retirer son amendement. À défaut, j’y serai défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083",
   "date": "2025-12-05",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30027",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du vendredi 05 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083.xml",
   "source_sha256": "e340df9214d54270def3452ffbce590637814ca340c8d5d2331974b86339ce92",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958912",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3958912"
   ],
   "order": 409,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, madame la ministre, vous avez précisé que, dès le début de l’expérimentation, il avait été prévu d’évaluer les nuisances, et non pas les troubles éventuels à l’ordre public. Un trouble à l’ordre public est un acte répréhensible qui peut conduire à une arrestation. Nous sommes bien loin de considérations de santé publique. Du reste, madame la ministre, vous nous dites que l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions donne de bons résultats : devoir attendre le retour du ministère de l’intérieur pour décider ou non de la généraliser me paraît donc profondément choquant !La réécriture du Sénat ne nous convient pas, non plus que celle de M. Bazin, qui essaie de ménager la chèvre et le chou sénatorial. Nous soutiendrons plutôt l’amendement de M. Davi. Ne nous trompons pas de débat : dès lors qu’une expérimentation donne de bons résultats en termes de santé publique, généralisons-la sans nous poser de plus amples questions. C’est du budget de la sécurité sociale que nous débattons, pas de celui du ministère de l’intérieur. Contentons-nous de faire le travail qui nous est demandé aujourd’hui : protéger la santé de nos concitoyens.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 20 sexies / ",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies",
   "article_id": "3960469",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 409,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N083-3958912",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 189,
   "annotation_id": "N2bf890d2affb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, madame la ministre, vous avez précisé que, dès le début de l’expérimentation, il avait été prévu d’évaluer les nuisances, et non pas les troubles éventuels à l’ordre public. Un trouble à l’ordre public est un acte répréhensible qui peut conduire à une arrestation. Nous sommes bien loin de considérations de santé publique. Du reste, madame la ministre, vous nous dites que l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions donne de bons résultats : devoir attendre le retour du ministère de l’intérieur pour décider ou non de la généraliser me paraît donc profondément choquant !La réécriture du Sénat ne nous convient pas, non plus que celle de M. Bazin, qui essaie de ménager la chèvre et le chou sénatorial. Nous soutiendrons plutôt l’amendement de M. Davi. Ne nous trompons pas de débat : dès lors qu’une expérimentation donne de bons résultats en termes de santé publique, généralisons-la sans nous poser de plus amples questions. C’est du budget de la sécurité sociale que nous débattons, pas de celui du ministère de l’intérieur. Contentons-nous de faire le travail qui nous est demandé aujourd’hui : protéger la santé de nos concitoyens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fb7377704f2dc59cdbe529ea7ddd409415db10d20a9c74185db500211cf30810",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3949630",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3949630"
   ],
   "order": 20,
   "text": "En décembre 2018, aux urgences d’un hôpital parisien, Micheline Myrtil meurt seule sur un brancard d’une infection à méningocoque. Policière de 55 ans, elle arrive fébrile à 18 h 50. Le lendemain, à 6 h 20, on la retrouve sans vie. En douze heures, elle n’aura reçu que 1 gramme de paracétamol. Lors de son procès pour homicide involontaire, l’AP-HP explique qu’elle n’a plus les moyens d’assurer la sécurité de ses patients…Octobre 2023, Lucas, 25 ans, meurt à Hyères d’une septicémie. En septembre 2025, en Mayenne, une patiente décède parce que les urgences étaient fermées et qu’on lui a demandé de revenir le lendemain matin.L’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) affirmait en 2000 que la France avait le meilleur système de santé au monde. Que s’est-il passé ? La réponse est simple : notre système a été victime de vingt-cinq ans de casse méthodique du service public au profit du secteur privé. (M. Philippe Vigier s’exclame.) Ce sont 100 000 lits d’hôpitaux en moins, un système à flux tendu, avec une offre de soins incapable de répondre aux crises sanitaires et aux pics d’activité. C’est un management obsédé par la productivité et les indicateurs plutôt que par la qualité des soins. Ce sont des soignants épuisés, souvent en burn-out. Ce sont des restes à charge qui augmentent, entraînant le renoncement aux soins des plus précaires.Hélas, ce projet de loi de finances prolonge cette casse méthodique de la sécurité sociale. À l’origine, il s’agissait d’une caisse de solidarité à laquelle chaque travailleur contribuait pour faire face aux risques de la vie, chacun contribuant selon ses moyens et recevant selon ses besoins. Peu à peu, vous en avez fait un marché comme un autre, soumis à l’offre et à la demande, dont certains acteurs – cliniques privées, industrie pharmaceutique, assurances – ne pensent qu’à maximiser leurs profits. Cela devient même un problème de souveraineté : des fonds d’investissement étrangers prennent la main sur la biologie médicale, la radiologie, l’imagerie et les Ehpad.Parallèlement, le marché du médicament explose : sans transparence sur les prix, des traitements sont vendus des dizaines, parfois des centaines, de milliers d’euros, ce qui entraîne des rationnements. Madame la ministre de la santé, c’était hier la Journée mondiale de lutte contre le sida. Vous auriez pu annoncer l’ouverture d’un large accès à la prophylaxie pré-exposition (Prep) à longue durée, un outil efficace pour mettre un coup d’arrêt à l’épidémie en France, mais en raison d’un prix élevé vous sélectionnez les personnes qui pourront y accéder. Au moins, c’est cohérent avec le désengagement, inédit et honteux, de la France des financements internationaux contre le VIH !Enfin, nous ne sommes même plus capables de produire certains médicaments essentiels, dont nous subissons les pénuries : l’amoxicilline en 2022, aujourd’hui les vaccins contre la grippe ! En conséquence, certains Français n’arrivent plus à se soigner. Un tiers d’entre eux vivent dans des déserts médicaux. Dans certaines régions, il faut patienter plus de trois mois pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un dermatologue ou un pédiatre. Déjà près d’un tiers des Français renoncent à des soins. C’est notamment le cas des personnes âgées qui touchent de petites retraites, dont les dépenses de santé représentent près de 10 % du budget. Après ce PLFSS, leurs restes à charge, leurs franchises, leurs cotisations de complémentaire vont augmenter, de sorte que leur situation va empirer. Quand on cotise toute sa vie, quand on paie une complémentaire de plus en plus cher tout en voyant les franchises augmenter, les délais s’allonger, les services publics fermer, il y a de quoi être en colère !Cette colère fait le lit de l’extrême droite. Au lieu de s’attaquer aux vrais bénéficiaires du système, les grands groupes privés, elle désigne comme boucs émissaires les étrangers, les voisins prétendument profiteurs ou fraudeurs. À gauche, nous refusons ce piège. Comme ces dizaines de milliers de manifestants qui étaient aujourd’hui dans la rue à l’appel des syndicats, nous exigeons l’abrogation de la réforme des retraites et plus de moyens pour tous les services publics, notamment les hôpitaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)La sécurité sociale a 80 ans, mais c’est un modèle pour le futur, à condition de remettre de la justice dans son financement. Or rien ne va dans ce budget et dans les choix du gouvernement. Ce qu’il faudrait faire, c’est renoncer : au doublement des franchises par décret – c’est un véritable casus belli pour notre groupe, nous n’avons cessé de vous le répéter –, au gel des retraites, évidemment, à la chasse aux arrêts de travail, à la tarification à l’acte pour le secteur médico-social, à la mise en concurrence des hôpitaux pour leur financement, aux exonérations de cotisations au-dessus de 2 smics, car elles ne créent aucun emploi et coûtent 7 milliards, aux cadeaux aux plus riches, qui tirent leurs revenus du capital et non du travail, en portant à 12 % la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) sur les revenus du capital – nous ne cessons de vous le proposer.Il faudrait aussi rendre transparent le prix du médicament et construire un service public du médicament, et lancer un vrai plan en faveur de 1 000 centres de santé publics sur tout le territoire, à l’initiative et en coordination avec les centres hospitaliers universitaires (CHU) – cela se fait à Marseille, avec succès. Il faudrait en outre mieux prévenir les maladies liées à l’alcool, au tabac, au sucre et aux produits ultratransformés, mais aussi à toutes les addictions qui alimentent le narcotrafic. Il faudrait enfin abroger la réforme des retraites ou, à tout le moins, la suspendre vraiment – non pas seulement en décaler l’application. Et, bien sûr, il faudrait réduire la pollution de l’air, de l’eau et des sols qui rend malade notre terre, mais aussi les salariés et les consommateurs.Voilà ce que le groupe Écologiste et social défend dans les débats sur ce PLFSS. C’est pourquoi nous combattrons ce texte qui aggrave la situation à l’hôpital et dégrade l’accès aux soins. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EcoS.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
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   "article": "",
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   "analysis_text": "de finances prolonge cette casse méthodique de la sécurité sociale. À l’origine, il s’agissait d’une caisse de solidarité à laquelle chaque travailleur contribuait pour faire face aux risques de la vie, chacun contribuant selon ses moyens et recevant selon ses besoins. Peu à peu, vous en avez fait un marché comme un autre, soumis à l’offre et à la demande, dont certains acteurs – cliniques privées, industrie pharmaceutique, assurances – ne pensent qu’à maximiser leurs profits. Cela devient même un problème de souveraineté : des fonds d’investissement étrangers prennent la main sur la biologie médicale, la radiologie, l’imagerie et les Ehpad.Parallèlement, le marché du médicament explose : sans transparence sur les prix, des traitements sont vendus des dizaines, parfois des centaines, de milliers d’euros, ce qui entraîne des rationnements. Madame la ministre de la santé, c’était hier la Journée mondiale de lutte contre le sida. Vous auriez pu annoncer l’ouverture d’un large accès à la prophylaxie pré-exposition (Prep) à longue durée, un outil efficace pour mettre un coup d’arrêt à l’épidémie en France, mais en raison d’un prix élevé vous sélectionnez les personnes qui pourront y accéder. Au moins, c’est cohérent avec le désengagement, inédit et honteux, de la France des financements internationaux contre le VIH !Enfin, nous ne sommes même plus capables de produire certains médicaments essentiels, dont nous subissons les pénuries : l’amoxicilline en 2022, aujourd’hui les vaccins contre la grippe ! En conséquence, certains Français n’arrivent plus à se soigner. Un tiers d’entre eux vivent dans des déserts médicaux. Dans certaines régions, il faut patienter plus de trois mois pour obtenir un rendez-vous chez un dermatologue ou un pédiatre. Déjà près d’un tiers des Français renoncent à des soins. C’est notamment le cas des personnes âgées qui touchent de petites retraites, dont les dépenses de santé représentent près de 10 % du budget. Après ce PLFSS, leurs restes à charge, leurs franchises, leurs cotisations de complémentaire vont augmenter, de sorte que leur situation va empirer. Quand on cotise toute sa"
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   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
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   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
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   "text": "C’est l’heure de vérité pour la sécurité sociale. Chacun a célébré son anniversaire : 80 années ! Un petit clin d’œil, d’ailleurs : elle s’est constituée dans un esprit transpartisan, celui qui doit nous réunir ce soir.Nous, députés du groupe Les Démocrates, avons abordé ce sujet avec deux exigences. La première est une exigence de responsabilité. Quand un gouvernement s’engage à ne pas recourir au 49.3 et que l’on est parlementaire, on se saisit de l’occasion et on arrête de crier au loup. La seconde tient à l’existence de déficits abyssaux, dont peu de collègues ont énoncé les montants : 80 milliards d’euros pour l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale (Acoss) ; 133 milliards d’euros pour la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale (Cades), dont l’extinction, prévue pour 2033, est elle aussi passée sous silence. L’objectif est simple, ne pas laisser le déficit public dépasser les 5 % du PIB. Tel est le défi de ces projets de loi de finances et de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026, marqués par l’explosion des dépenses et la difficulté de se procurer des recettes.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
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   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est l’heure de vérité pour la sécurité sociale. Chacun a célébré son anniversaire : 80 années ! Un petit clin d’œil, d’ailleurs : elle s’est constituée dans un esprit transpartisan, celui qui doit nous réunir ce soir.Nous, députés du groupe [GROUPE], avons abordé ce sujet avec deux exigences. La première est une exigence de responsabilité. Quand un gouvernement s’engage à ne pas recourir au 49.3 et que l’on est parlementaire, on se saisit de l’occasion et on arrête de crier au loup. La seconde tient à l’existence de déficits abyssaux, dont peu de collègues ont énoncé les montants : 80 milliards d’euros pour l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale (Acoss) ; 133 milliards d’euros pour la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale (Cades), dont l’extinction, prévue pour 2033, est elle aussi passée sous silence. L’objectif est simple, ne pas laisser le déficit public dépasser les 5 % du PIB. Tel est le défi de ces projets de loi de finances et de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026, marqués par l’explosion des dépenses et la difficulté de se procurer des recettes."
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  {
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   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3949749",
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   "text": "…mais un moment de vérité sur l’état réel de nos comptes, sur ce que nous demandons au travail, sur ce que nous devons à nos retraités, à nos soignants, à nos enfants. C’est un moment de vérité au cours duquel l’Assemblée ne peut pas se contenter de commenter la pente de la dette, mais doit dire clairement ce qu’elle veut préserver et ce qu’elle est prête à transformer. Il s’agit de savoir si nous voulons un modèle social capable de tenir ses promesses sans se renier ou si nous acceptons qu’il se délite lentement, au fil des renoncements et des accommodements.Le compromis politique, nous y croyons et nous l’appelons de nos vœux depuis 2022 sur des bases claires et transparentes. Mais un compromis qui refuse de regarder les comptes en face n’est plus un compromis, c’est une fuite en avant.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
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   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…mais un moment de vérité sur l’état réel de nos comptes, sur ce que nous demandons au travail, sur ce que nous devons à nos retraités, à nos soignants, à nos enfants. C’est un moment de vérité au cours duquel l’Assemblée ne peut pas se contenter de commenter la pente de la dette, mais doit dire clairement ce qu’elle veut préserver et ce qu’elle est prête à transformer. Il s’agit de savoir si nous voulons un modèle social capable de tenir ses promesses sans se renier ou si nous acceptons qu’il se délite lentement, au fil des renoncements et des accommodements.Le compromis politique, nous y croyons et nous l’appelons de nos vœux depuis 2022 sur des bases claires et transparentes. Mais un compromis qui refuse de regarder les comptes en face n’est plus un compromis, c’est une fuite en avant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3949752",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 52,
   "text": "C’est pourquoi notre groupe ne peut accepter que l’avenir de la réforme des retraites devienne une simple variable d’ajustement dans une négociation de court terme. Suspendre, c’est fragiliser la confiance dans un système déjà à bout de souffle, sur lequel repose la vie de 17 millions de retraités. C’est aussi laisser prospérer l’illusion d’un retour possible à 62 ans, alors que chacun connaît l’impossibilité budgétaire et démographique d’un tel recul.Notre devoir est de dire aux Français que, oui, il nous faudra travailler plus, plus nombreux, plus longtemps et mieux. Sur ce point, nous sommes au rendez-vous. Nous assumons également qu’une heure de travail supplémentaire par semaine pour tous (M. Hadrien Clouet, rapporteur, s’exclame), y compris dans la fonction publique, représente un levier puissant de redressement sans augmenter les impôts.Pourtant, ce PLFSS contient des avancées que nous soutenons avec constance : la simplification du financement des établissements de santé, le développement du numérique, la stratégie de prévention des maladies chroniques et l’effort en matière de vaccination. Nous faisons également des propositions pour aller encore plus loin avec le rétablissement de l’obligation vaccinale contre la grippe, la possibilité pour les médecins généralistes de conserver les vaccins au sein de leur cabinet et la généralisation du tiers payant chez les psychologues. Nous demanderons également une participation financière à ceux qui bénéficient de notre système de santé sans jamais y avoir contribué.Enfin, il y a la méthode. Un compromis se construit de manière globale, équilibrée et équitable. Un compromis ne peut se résumer à des victoires arrachées amendement après amendement, qui associent le plus souvent les extrêmes de notre hémicycle. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN.)En 2025, le déficit de la sécurité sociale sera de 23 milliards d’euros.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
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   "analysis_text": "C’est pourquoi notre groupe ne peut accepter que l’avenir de la réforme des retraites devienne une simple variable d’ajustement dans une négociation de court terme. Suspendre, c’est fragiliser la confiance dans un système déjà à bout de souffle, sur lequel repose la vie de 17 millions de retraités. C’est aussi laisser prospérer l’illusion d’un retour possible à 62 ans, alors que chacun connaît l’impossibilité budgétaire et démographique d’un tel recul.Notre devoir est de dire aux Français que, oui, il nous faudra travailler plus, plus nombreux, plus longtemps et mieux. Sur ce point, nous sommes au rendez-vous. Nous assumons également qu’une heure de travail supplémentaire par semaine pour tous (M. [PERSONNE], rapporteur, s’exclame), y compris dans la fonction publique, représente un levier puissant de redressement sans augmenter les impôts.Pourtant, ce PLFSS contient des avancées que nous soutenons avec constance : la simplification du financement des établissements de santé, le développement du numérique, la stratégie de prévention des maladies chroniques et l’effort en matière de vaccination. Nous faisons également des propositions pour aller encore plus loin avec le rétablissement de l’obligation vaccinale contre la grippe, la possibilité pour les médecins généralistes de conserver les vaccins au sein de leur cabinet et la généralisation du tiers payant chez les psychologues. Nous demanderons également une participation financière à ceux qui bénéficient de notre système de santé sans jamais y avoir contribué.Enfin, il y a la méthode. Un compromis se construit de manière globale, équilibrée et équitable. Un compromis ne peut se résumer à des victoires arrachées amendement après amendement, qui associent le plus souvent les extrêmes de notre hémicycle. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)En 2025, le déficit de la sécurité sociale sera de 23 milliards d’euros."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
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   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
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   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950028",
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   "order": 78,
   "text": "Avant de vous livrer notre appréciation sur cette version du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, permettez-moi une remarque d’ordre général. Le texte qui nous revient du Sénat est un véritable ovni – un objet volant non identifié –, certainement à l’image de la majorité politique qui lui a donné naissance. Tout d’abord, c’est bien un objet, au sens strict du terme, puisqu’il n’y a aucune humanité dans les propositions formulées par la Haute Assemblée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de vous livrer notre appréciation sur cette version du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, permettez-moi une remarque d’ordre général. Le texte qui nous revient du Sénat est un véritable ovni – un objet volant non identifié –, certainement à l’image de la majorité politique qui lui a donné naissance. Tout d’abord, c’est bien un objet, au sens strict du terme, puisqu’il n’y a aucune humanité dans les propositions formulées par la Haute Assemblée."
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   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
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   "order": 80,
   "text": "C’est sur les plus fragiles que reposent les efforts à fournir. Ensuite, il est volant parce que totalement hors sol par rapport aux besoins réels de santé qui s’expriment chaque jour plus fortement dans notre pays. Pour rappel, six Français sur dix déclarent renoncer à des soins, un sur quatre pour des raisons financières. Enfin, il est non identifié notamment parce qu’il ne dit pas, à lui seul, toutes les mauvaises mesures qui sont en préparation. Je pense aux décrets prêts à sortir pour entériner une nouvelle hausse injuste des franchises médicales ou pour remettre en cause les cures thermales en les déremboursant, ce qui serait une mesure de grave régression en matière de prise en charge, s’attaquant notamment, et très directement, aux personnes souffrant d’ALD – affection de longue durée.Nous allons donc devoir, une fois de plus, revêtir nos habits de démineurs pour tenter de donner un nouveau visage à ce PLFSS, d’assurer un avenir à notre sécurité sociale et surtout de protéger celles et ceux pour qui elle existe. Malheureusement, force est de constater que ce projet de loi n’a jamais aussi mal porté son nom car en matière de financement de la sécurité sociale, nous sommes décidément bien loin du compte. Non seulement vous êtes incapables – vous et la majorité sénatoriale – de doter la sécurité sociale de recettes nouvelles, assises sur la richesse produite, mais vous semblez complètement inaptes à conduire les réformes structurelles qui s’imposent, celles qui doivent être prises de toute urgence pour préserver notre modèle social et garantir une réponse digne et de qualité aux besoins sociaux et médicaux de tous les Français.Votre manque de courage en la matière peut coûter cher à la sécurité sociale, dont le déficit va immanquablement se creuser. Il peut coûter cher, encore plus cher, à l’ensemble des ménages que vos mesures indigentes appauvriront – je pense au gel des prestations sociales et des retraites, ou à la taxe sur les mutuelles qui sera répercutée par une nouvelle augmentation de leurs cotisations. Il peut aussi coûter cher à nos personnels soignants et non soignants qui, dans nos hôpitaux et dans nos Ehpad, pourraient encore subir une réduction de leurs moyens.Le rejet quasi unanime, au Sénat, par les groupes de gauche et par une partie de la droite, de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie, l’Ondam, est emblématique de cette impasse dont vous êtes responsables. Vous aviez prévu une progression historiquement basse, fixée à 1,6 %. Le comité d’alerte ayant immédiatement fait savoir qu’un tel objectif de dépenses ne tenait pas la route, vous avez, au cours de la première lecture, consenti à porter cette progression à 2 % – ce qui demeure très faible, la seule hausse naturelle des besoins se situant aux alentours de 4,5 %. Reconnaissons au moins que cette modification a permis d’accorder 850 millions d’euros supplémentaires aux hôpitaux ; leur déficit culminant désormais à 2,8 milliards, ils en ont bien besoin.Nous, les députés de la Gauche démocrate et républicaine, défendons une réforme simple : sortir de l’Ondam au profit d’une loi de programmation pluriannuelle en santé qui parte des besoins et définisse, de façon pluriannuelle, les ressources nécessaires.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 80,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950030",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 525,
   "annotation_id": "Nc97f341a9c2b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "et garantir une réponse digne et de qualité aux besoins sociaux et médicaux de tous les Français.Votre manque de courage en la matière peut coûter cher à la sécurité sociale, dont le déficit va immanquablement se creuser. Il peut coûter cher, encore plus cher, à l’ensemble des ménages que vos mesures indigentes appauvriront – je pense au gel des prestations sociales et des retraites, ou à la taxe sur les mutuelles qui sera répercutée par une nouvelle augmentation de leurs cotisations. Il peut aussi coûter cher à nos personnels soignants et non soignants qui, dans nos hôpitaux et dans nos Ehpad, pourraient encore subir une réduction de leurs moyens.Le rejet quasi unanime, au Sénat, par les groupes de gauche et par une partie de la droite, de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie, l’Ondam, est emblématique de cette impasse dont vous êtes responsables. Vous aviez prévu une progression historiquement basse, fixée à 1,6 %. Le comité d’alerte ayant immédiatement fait savoir qu’un tel objectif de dépenses ne tenait pas la route, vous avez, au cours de la première lecture, consenti à porter cette progression à 2 % – ce qui demeure très faible, la seule hausse naturelle des besoins se situant"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950036",
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   "order": 86,
   "text": "Votre manque de courage s’illustre également par un amendement très problématique que vous avez fait adopter au Sénat et qui autorise un nouveau transfert de dette de 15 milliards vers la Cades : nous combattrons résolument cette mesure. Osez le débat de fond sur la financiarisation de la dette de la sécurité sociale ! Osez ce débat où chacun devra rendre compte publiquement de ses choix politiques et de leurs conséquences en matière d’accès aux soins !Notre groupe cherchera bien entendu à supprimer toutes les dispositions qui aggraveraient encore le quotidien des Français, qui les appauvriraient et réduiraient leur accès à des soins de qualité, voire les inciteraient tout bonnement à renoncer à se faire soigner. Nous validerons toute ressource nouvelle comme celle adoptée en première lecture, financée par la CSG. Nous tenterons, dans les faibles marges accordées par une seconde lecture, de convaincre encore du caractère sensé et utile de notre méthode, qui consiste à répondre aux besoins par de nouvelles recettes et non par un catalogue d’économies nouvelles. Ne nous cachons pas : sans cotisations, pas de sécu !Pour finir, je considère qu’aucun vote sérieux ne peut se déterminer sans un débat assidu sur le fond, ni sans la connaissance des modifications qui en résulteraient. C’est d’ailleurs pour cette raison qu’à titre personnel, j’ai voté contre la motion de rejet préalable (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem),…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
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   "words": 230,
   "annotation_id": "Nd6ac707a788a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre manque de courage s’illustre également par un amendement très problématique que vous avez fait adopter au Sénat et qui autorise un nouveau transfert de dette de 15 milliards vers la Cades : nous combattrons résolument cette mesure. Osez le débat de fond sur la financiarisation de la dette de la sécurité sociale ! Osez ce débat où chacun devra rendre compte publiquement de ses choix politiques et de leurs conséquences en matière d’accès aux soins !Notre groupe cherchera bien entendu à supprimer toutes les dispositions qui aggraveraient encore le quotidien des Français, qui les appauvriraient et réduiraient leur accès à des soins de qualité, voire les inciteraient tout bonnement à renoncer à se faire soigner. Nous validerons toute ressource nouvelle comme celle adoptée en première lecture, financée par la CSG. Nous tenterons, dans les faibles marges accordées par une seconde lecture, de convaincre encore du caractère sensé et utile de notre méthode, qui consiste à répondre aux besoins par de nouvelles recettes et non par un catalogue d’économies nouvelles. Ne nous cachons pas : sans cotisations, pas de sécu !Pour finir, je considère qu’aucun vote sérieux ne peut se déterminer sans un débat assidu sur le fond, ni sans la connaissance des modifications qui en résulteraient. C’est d’ailleurs pour cette raison qu’à titre personnel, j’ai voté contre la motion de rejet préalable (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950207",
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   "order": 232,
   "text": "Je suis très heureux d’entendre Mme la ministre se féliciter de la situation. C’est vrai, dans la rue, les patients font la fête, ils embrassent le portrait d’Emmanuel Macron, les soignants brûlent des cierges devant son image, les hôpitaux français lui vouent un culte. Vous avez l’air de l’ignorer mais, vraiment, les gens sont ravis, c’est l’allégresse ! (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe EPR.)Soyons sérieux. Vous êtes la seule à penser que tout va bien ! Les hôpitaux ont 30 milliards de dette, soit une charge d’intérêts annuelle de 1 milliard. Dans l’hôpital de Toulouse, les patients des services ambulatoires sont renvoyés chez eux car il n’y a pas de place pour les accueillir. Je suis désolé de faire intervenir le monde réel dans un débat métaphysique qui semble vous passionner, mais nous sommes là pour parler de la situation réelle de notre pays. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Des crédits ont été annulés : 267 millions pour les hôpitaux, 125 millions dans le secteur médico-social, 116 millions dans celui des Ehpad. Parlons aussi des tours de bonneteau : l’an dernier, les soins de ville ont gagné 700 millions avec un Ondam stable, ce qui veut dire que… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Les députés du groupe LFI-NFP applaudissent ce dernier.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3950177",
   "amendment": "458",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 232,
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   "inclusion": "direct",
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950207",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 232,
   "annotation_id": "Nfd8a82125a24",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très heureux d’entendre Mme la ministre se féliciter de la situation. C’est vrai, dans la rue, les patients font la fête, ils embrassent le portrait d’[PERSONNE], les soignants brûlent des cierges devant son image, les hôpitaux français lui vouent un culte. Vous avez l’air de l’ignorer mais, vraiment, les gens sont ravis, c’est l’allégresse ! (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Soyons sérieux. Vous êtes la seule à penser que tout va bien ! Les hôpitaux ont 30 milliards de dette, soit une charge d’intérêts annuelle de 1 milliard. Dans l’hôpital de Toulouse, les patients des services ambulatoires sont renvoyés chez eux car il n’y a pas de place pour les accueillir. Je suis désolé de faire intervenir le monde réel dans un débat métaphysique qui semble vous passionner, mais nous sommes là pour parler de la situation réelle de notre pays. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Des crédits ont été annulés : 267 millions pour les hôpitaux, 125 millions dans le secteur médico-social, 116 millions dans celui des Ehpad. Parlons aussi des tours de bonneteau : l’an dernier, les soins de ville ont gagné 700 millions avec un Ondam stable, ce qui veut dire que… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] applaudissent ce dernier.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "source_sha256": "fb7377704f2dc59cdbe529ea7ddd409415db10d20a9c74185db500211cf30810",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950210",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 235,
   "text": "M. le rapporteur général et Mme la ministre se félicitent de ne pas avoir retiré d’argent à l’hôpital, mais les besoins augmentent chaque année ! L’an dernier, la Fédération hospitalière de France s’est plainte qu’il manquait plusieurs milliards. Vous ne les avez pas alloués, ils manquent toujours !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3950177",
   "amendment": "459",
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   "last_order": 235,
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   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950210",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 48,
   "annotation_id": "N8b819ee070e9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "M. le rapporteur général et Mme la ministre se félicitent de ne pas avoir retiré d’argent à l’hôpital, mais les besoins augmentent chaque année ! L’an dernier, la Fédération hospitalière de France s’est plainte qu’il manquait plusieurs milliards. Vous ne les avez pas alloués, ils manquent toujours !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3949762",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3949762"
   ],
   "order": 62,
   "text": "Dans ces conditions, l’objectif d’un retour à l’équilibre en 2029 est tout sauf réaliste. L’amélioration du déficit affichée samedi dernier en commission des affaires sociales n’est qu’un trompe-l’œil : plusieurs votes ont seulement consisté à déplacer la charge vers le budget de l’État en lui transférant près de 4,5 milliards d’euros. On ne rééquilibre pas la sécurité sociale en affaiblissant le reste des comptes publics. Et surtout, l’État lui-même – ses opérateurs, ses structures – consent dans ce PLFSS un effort infiniment plus modeste que celui qu’il exige des assurés, des salariés, des retraités et des patients.C’est pourquoi nous voterons en faveur d’un gel des crédits alloué à certains opérateurs visés à l’article 47 du PLFSS. En effet, à y regarder de près, mes chers collègues, quel texte avons-nous vu ressurgir en commission, samedi dernier, sans qu’il parvienne à rassembler une majorité pour l’adopter ? Un budget qui fait d’abord reposer l’effort sur les autres : les épargnants, avec une nouvelle taxation des revenus de l’épargne, et les salariés, avec une ponction supplémentaire sur l’intéressement et la participation.Notre groupe aborde donc cette nouvelle lecture avec une double exigence : la lucidité et la responsabilité. La lucidité, pour soutenir ce qu’il y a à soutenir, cela sans posture, et la responsabilité, pour dire qu’en l’état ce PLFSS qui renonce à assumer le coût réel de ses choix, qui affaiblit le travail, qui menace l’équité entre générations, ne peut obtenir notre assentiment.Nous continuerons, jusqu’au dernier instant, de proposer, d’amender, de chercher un accord qui dise la vérité au pays. Oui, nous devons redresser nos comptes. Oui, nous devons protéger les plus fragiles. Oui, nous devons remettre le travail au cœur de notre modèle social. Le jour où la tempête frappera – qu’elle soit économique, sociale ou géopolitique –, on nous demandera pourquoi nous avons choisi la compromission plutôt que le courage politique. Et ce jour-là, il sera trop tard pour expliquer que nous savions, mais que nous n’avons pas agi.Au moment de voter, chacun ici sera renvoyé à sa propre définition du courage politique. Est-ce flatter les illusions du moment ou affronter la réalité pour que nos enfants n’aient pas à payer l’addition de nos renoncements ? Pour notre part, nous choisissons la seconde voie. C’est celle que nous dicte notre conscience et c’est celle que le groupe Horizons & indépendants défendra tout au long de la discussion. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR. – M. le président de la commission applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 62,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3949762",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 412,
   "annotation_id": "N6bf7234387fb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dans ces conditions, l’objectif d’un retour à l’équilibre en 2029 est tout sauf réaliste. L’amélioration du déficit affichée samedi dernier en commission des affaires sociales n’est qu’un trompe-l’œil : plusieurs votes ont seulement consisté à déplacer la charge vers le budget de l’État en lui transférant près de 4,5 milliards d’euros. On ne rééquilibre pas la sécurité sociale en affaiblissant le reste des comptes publics. Et surtout, l’État lui-même – ses opérateurs, ses structures – consent dans ce PLFSS un effort infiniment plus modeste que celui qu’il exige des assurés, des salariés, des retraités et des patients.C’est pourquoi nous voterons en faveur d’un gel des crédits alloué à certains opérateurs visés à l’article 47 du PLFSS. En effet, à y regarder de près, mes chers collègues, quel texte avons-nous vu ressurgir en commission, samedi dernier, sans qu’il parvienne à rassembler une majorité pour l’adopter ? Un budget qui fait d’abord reposer l’effort sur les autres : les épargnants, avec une nouvelle taxation des revenus de l’épargne, et les salariés, avec une ponction supplémentaire sur l’intéressement et la participation.Notre groupe aborde donc cette nouvelle lecture avec une double exigence : la lucidité et la responsabilité. La lucidité, pour soutenir ce qu’il y a à soutenir, cela sans posture, et la responsabilité, pour dire qu’en l’état ce PLFSS qui renonce à assumer le coût réel de ses choix, qui affaiblit le travail, qui menace l’équité entre générations, ne peut obtenir notre assentiment.Nous continuerons, jusqu’au dernier instant, de proposer, d’amender, de chercher un accord qui dise la vérité au pays. Oui, nous devons redresser nos comptes. Oui, nous devons protéger les plus fragiles. Oui, nous devons remettre le travail au cœur de notre modèle social. Le jour où la tempête frappera – qu’elle soit économique, sociale ou géopolitique –, on nous demandera pourquoi nous avons choisi la compromission plutôt que le courage politique. Et ce jour-là, il sera trop tard pour expliquer que nous savions, mais que nous n’avons pas agi.Au moment de voter, chacun ici sera renvoyé à sa propre définition du courage politique. Est-ce flatter les illusions du moment ou affronter la réalité pour que nos enfants n’aient pas à payer l’addition de nos renoncements ? Pour notre part, nous choisissons la seconde voie. C’est celle que nous dicte notre conscience et c’est celle que le groupe [GROUPE] défendra tout au long de la discussion. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe HOR. – M. le président de la commission applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
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   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721486",
   "speaker": "Christophe Naegelen",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Naegelen",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3949768",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3949768"
   ],
   "order": 68,
   "text": "Un projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale n’est jamais anodin : il conditionne des droits, des prestations, des revalorisations indispensables ; surtout, il dit comment la nation protège, répartit l’effort et construit l’avenir. Dans le moment politique que nous traversons, nous abordons cette nouvelle lecture du PLFSS avec une responsabilité particulière. Le premier ministre s’est engagé à ne pas avoir recours au 49.3. Notre débat est loin d’être anecdotique et loin d’être théorique, il engage directement la vie quotidienne des Français.C’est précisément pour cela que le groupe LIOT aborde ce budget avec pragmatisme et fermeté. Pragmatisme, parce qu’il nous faut imaginer les conséquences pour le pays de ne pas avoir de PLFSS. Fermeté, parce qu’un PLFSS qui ferait peser la contrainte budgétaire sur les plus fragiles – les plus âgés, les plus jeunes, les plus modestes, les plus malades – n’est pas acceptable.Le rejet du texte en commission en témoigne : le texte initial comportait des mesures brutales, comme le doublement des franchises et des participations forfaitaires, qui aurait frappé un grand nombre de nos concitoyens et aggravé le renoncement aux soins, pour un coût humain et financier que personne n’est capable de chiffrer. Cette disposition a été supprimée par les deux assemblées et nous nous en félicitons. Le Sénat a quant à lui réintroduit des mesures décriées, comme le gel des prestations sociales, et a effacé nombre des avancées que nous avions obtenues. Il revient donc à notre assemblée de rétablir les équilibres construits en première lecture, dont un certain nombre étaient issus des travaux de notre groupe.Ces avancées par rapport au texte initial concernent d’abord les travailleurs. Nous demanderons la suppression du gel des seuils de calcul de la CSG, qui pèserait sur les revenus modestes, et le rétablissement de l’article 8 sexies, issu d’un amendement de notre groupe et qui propose de calculer les allégements généraux sur les minima de branche plutôt que sur le smic. Il s’agit là d’une mesure de bon sens, qui permettrait de revaloriser les plus bas salaires.Nous avions aussi obtenu des avancées en faveur des jeunes en supprimant, grâce à un amendement de mon collègue Stéphane Lenormand, la fin de l’exonération de cotisations salariales pour les contrats d’apprentissage conclus à partir du 1er janvier 2026. Pour les seniors, nous souhaitons rétablir le malus en cas d’absence de négociation sur leur maintien dans l’emploi, soit un levier indispensable contre le chômage des plus de 55 ans. Et puisque nous parlons de personnes âgées, notre groupe réaffirme sa position, constante depuis 2023, en faveur de la suspension de la réforme des retraites, ainsi que la convergence des retraites à Mayotte, un impératif de justice républicaine.Enfin, comment accepter le gel uniforme des prestations sociales en 2026, assorti d’une sous-indexation jusqu’en 2030 ? Qui peut demander un tel effort aux plus fragiles ? Ce gel doit être supprimé. Nous serons aussi très vigilants sur les mesures concernant les outre-mer. Le dispositif prévu par la Lodeom, la loi pour le développement économique des outre-mer, doit être maintenu. Nous appelons également à étendre son régime d’exonération à Mayotte, où le besoin d’un choc de compétitivité est urgent.Outre ces points de vigilance, ce texte comporte des avancées utiles. La création d’un congé de naissance supplémentaire pour les deux parents va dans le bon sens. Nous nous réjouissons également de la prolongation de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions (HSA), une mesure notamment portée par notre collègue Stéphane Viry qui favorise l’accès aux soins des publics les plus vulnérables.Mes chers collègues, pour cet examen en nouvelle lecture du PLFSS, notre approche doit rester guidée par le pragmatisme. La confiance des acteurs économiques et de notre système de santé ne doit pas être érodée par des décisions qui seraient incomprises. C’est pourquoi, au-delà des désaccords et des postures, notre responsabilité est d’aboutir à un texte qui protège réellement les Français et traduise les engagements que nous avons portés.Le vote de notre groupe n’est pas acquis. Au terme des débats, nous jugerons de l’équilibre final du texte en évaluant sa capacité à protéger les plus fragiles, à garantir l’accès aux soins et à soutenir l’emploi et les revenus du travail – plutôt que de solliciter encore ceux qui ont le moins. Le groupe LIOT contribuera à ces débats avec sérieux, exigence et sens des responsabilités afin que ce projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale retrouve la vocation qui doit être la sienne : incarner une République qui protège, aujourd’hui et dans la durée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 68,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3949768",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 746,
   "annotation_id": "N863cf43d2d84",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "2030 ? Qui peut demander un tel effort aux plus fragiles ? Ce gel doit être supprimé. Nous serons aussi très vigilants sur les mesures concernant les outre-mer. Le dispositif prévu par la Lodeom, la loi pour le développement économique des outre-mer, doit être maintenu. Nous appelons également à étendre son régime d’exonération à Mayotte, où le besoin d’un choc de compétitivité est urgent.Outre ces points de vigilance, ce texte comporte des avancées utiles. La création d’un congé de naissance supplémentaire pour les deux parents va dans le bon sens. Nous nous réjouissons également de la prolongation de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions (HSA), une mesure notamment portée par notre collègue [PERSONNE] qui favorise l’accès aux soins des publics les plus vulnérables.Mes chers collègues, pour cet examen en nouvelle lecture du PLFSS, notre approche doit rester guidée par le pragmatisme. La confiance des acteurs économiques et de notre système de santé ne doit pas être érodée par des décisions qui seraient incomprises. C’est pourquoi, au-delà des désaccords et des postures, notre responsabilité est d’aboutir à un texte qui protège réellement les Français et traduise les engagements que nous avons portés.Le vote de notre groupe n’est pas acquis. Au terme des débats, nous jugerons de"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fb7377704f2dc59cdbe529ea7ddd409415db10d20a9c74185db500211cf30810",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950028",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950028"
   ],
   "order": 78,
   "text": "Avant de vous livrer notre appréciation sur cette version du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, permettez-moi une remarque d’ordre général. Le texte qui nous revient du Sénat est un véritable ovni – un objet volant non identifié –, certainement à l’image de la majorité politique qui lui a donné naissance. Tout d’abord, c’est bien un objet, au sens strict du terme, puisqu’il n’y a aucune humanité dans les propositions formulées par la Haute Assemblée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Discussion générale (suite)",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 78,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950028",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 78,
   "annotation_id": "Nbeff24993a9e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de vous livrer notre appréciation sur cette version du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, permettez-moi une remarque d’ordre général. Le texte qui nous revient du Sénat est un véritable ovni – un objet volant non identifié –, certainement à l’image de la majorité politique qui lui a donné naissance. Tout d’abord, c’est bien un objet, au sens strict du terme, puisqu’il n’y a aucune humanité dans les propositions formulées par la Haute Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fb7377704f2dc59cdbe529ea7ddd409415db10d20a9c74185db500211cf30810",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950216",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950216"
   ],
   "order": 240,
   "text": "Ces amendements visent à garantir la compensation des revalorisations salariales obligatoires dans la branche du médico-social et social privé non lucratif pour l’année 2026. L’amendement no 293 concerne plus spécifiquement les financements non perçus par les établissements médico-sociaux et sociaux privés à but non lucratif en charge de la lutte contre les addictions au titre des revalorisations salariales.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3950177",
   "amendment": "292 et 293",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 240,
   "amendments": [
    "292 et 293"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950216",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 58,
   "annotation_id": "N02c4a6d61a63",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements visent à garantir la compensation des revalorisations salariales obligatoires dans la branche du médico-social et social privé non lucratif pour l’année 2026. L’amendement no 293 concerne plus spécifiquement les financements non perçus par les établissements médico-sociaux et sociaux privés à but non lucratif en charge de la lutte contre les addictions au titre des revalorisations salariales."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fb7377704f2dc59cdbe529ea7ddd409415db10d20a9c74185db500211cf30810",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA774962",
   "speaker": "Karine Lebon",
   "quality": "Mme Karine Lebon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950218",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950218"
   ],
   "order": 242,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement de sauvegarde. Depuis l’arrêté du 26 juin 2024, les professionnels des centres de soins, d’accompagnement et de prévention en addictologie (Csapa) et des centres d’accueil et d’accompagnement à la réduction des risques pour usagers de drogues (Caarud), et plus largement du secteur social et médico-social à but non lucratif, doivent bénéficier de la revalorisation salariale issue du Ségur. Sur le terrain, de nombreuses associations n’ont pas reçu de compensations de l’État. Elles avancent les salaires, mais les financements n’arrivent pas. Cette impasse met en danger économique des structures essentielles dans la lutte contre les addictions. Lorsqu’un Csapa ferme une permanence ou qu’un Caarud réduit ses horaires, des vies basculent, celles de jeunes en errance, de familles déjà fragilisées, de publics en grande précarité.Notre amendement relève l’Ondam « Autres prises en charge » de 8 millions d’euros pour couvrir ce qui est dû. En raison de l’article 40, nous avons dû opérer une minoration technique sur les soins de ville, mais elle ne reflète pas notre intention politique. Ce que nous demandons est simple : payer les professionnels, sécuriser les associations et donner à la politique de soins en addictologie les moyens d’exister réellement. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3950177",
   "amendment": "145",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 242,
   "amendments": [
    "145"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950218",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 204,
   "annotation_id": "N874573555e5c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement de sauvegarde. Depuis l’arrêté du 26 juin 2024, les professionnels des centres de soins, d’accompagnement et de prévention en addictologie (Csapa) et des centres d’accueil et d’accompagnement à la réduction des risques pour usagers de drogues (Caarud), et plus largement du secteur social et médico-social à but non lucratif, doivent bénéficier de la revalorisation salariale issue du Ségur. Sur le terrain, de nombreuses associations n’ont pas reçu de compensations de l’État. Elles avancent les salaires, mais les financements n’arrivent pas. Cette impasse met en danger économique des structures essentielles dans la lutte contre les addictions. Lorsqu’un Csapa ferme une permanence ou qu’un Caarud réduit ses horaires, des vies basculent, celles de jeunes en errance, de familles déjà fragilisées, de publics en grande précarité.Notre amendement relève l’Ondam « Autres prises en charge » de 8 millions d’euros pour couvrir ce qui est dû. En raison de l’article 40, nous avons dû opérer une minoration technique sur les soins de ville, mais elle ne reflète pas notre intention politique. Ce que nous demandons est simple : payer les professionnels, sécuriser les associations et donner à la politique de soins en addictologie les moyens d’exister réellement. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076",
   "date": "2025-12-02",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS30020",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du mardi 02 décembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076.xml",
   "source_sha256": "fb7377704f2dc59cdbe529ea7ddd409415db10d20a9c74185db500211cf30810",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "addictions::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950223",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3950223"
   ],
   "order": 245,
   "text": "On nous demande de donner notre avis sur la photographie et nous le donnons. Elle ne nous convient pas et nous le disons. Si cela ne vous plaît pas, ne nous demandez pas notre avis ! Le déficit relève d’un choix politique, mais depuis le début du débat, on nous fait croire que tout est imposé. Alors qu’actuellement deux tiers des hôpitaux publics ont des recettes inférieures à leurs coûts de fonctionnement, on continue de les sous-doter et on maintient une tarification à l’activité (T2A) qui affaiblit l’hôpital.Il ne faut pas s’étonner du déficit qui alimente la dette. Ce sont des choix politiques : on ne peut se contenter d’invoquer la conjoncture ou le covid ! Mêmes les sénateurs ont pris conscience d’un problème de financement de l’hôpital public et proposent de relever le sous-Ondam de 200 millions. Ne faisons pas moins que le Sénat ! Revoyons nos choix politiques et arrêtons de nous servir du déficit comme prétexte pour faire des économies.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Première partie / Article 2 / ",
   "article": "Article 2",
   "article_id": "3950177",
   "amendment": "146",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 245,
   "amendments": [
    "146"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N076-3950223",
   "case": "addictions",
   "words": 163,
   "annotation_id": "N8d11ee494d30",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On nous demande de donner notre avis sur la photographie et nous le donnons. Elle ne nous convient pas et nous le disons. Si cela ne vous plaît pas, ne nous demandez pas notre avis ! Le déficit relève d’un choix politique, mais depuis le début du débat, on nous fait croire que tout est imposé. Alors qu’actuellement deux tiers des hôpitaux publics ont des recettes inférieures à leurs coûts de fonctionnement, on continue de les sous-doter et on maintient une tarification à l’activité (T2A) qui affaiblit l’hôpital.Il ne faut pas s’étonner du déficit qui alimente la dette. Ce sont des choix politiques : on ne peut se contenter d’invoquer la conjoncture ou le covid ! Mêmes les sénateurs ont pris conscience d’un problème de financement de l’hôpital public et proposent de relever le sous-Ondam de 200 millions. Ne faisons pas moins que le Sénat ! Revoyons nos choix politiques et arrêtons de nous servir du déficit comme prétexte pour faire des économies."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897382",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897382"
   ],
   "order": 139,
   "text": "Vous prévoyez une croissance économique de 1 %, mais avec tout ce que vous imposez au peuple, elle atteindra à peine 0,7 % ! Vous, du Parti socialiste qui se gargarisera de victoires, allez dans quelque temps visiter un hôpital ou un Ehpad et vous verrez les conséquences de votre politique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Protestations prolongées sur les bancs du groupe SOC.) Vous, du Rassemblement national qui refuse de voter la destitution de Macron, allez dire que vous êtes une opposition alors que tous vos votes ont couvert les macronistes !Non, nous ne voterons pas la partie recettes du PLFSS, parce que nous voulons un texte au service du peuple, nous voulons que vous dégagiez tous, et le président de la République avec ! (Mêmes mouvements. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes EPR et Dem)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 14",
   "article": "Article 14",
   "article_id": "3897375",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 139,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897382",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 142,
   "annotation_id": "N4fcc8c61175c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous prévoyez une croissance économique de 1 %, mais avec tout ce que vous imposez au peuple, elle atteindra à peine 0,7 % ! Vous, du Parti [GROUPE] qui se gargarisera de victoires, allez dans quelque temps visiter un hôpital ou un Ehpad et vous verrez les conséquences de votre politique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Protestations prolongées sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Vous, du [GROUPE] qui refuse de voter la destitution de Macron, allez dire que vous êtes une opposition alors que tous vos votes ont couvert les macronistes !Non, nous ne voterons pas la partie recettes du PLFSS, parce que nous voulons un texte au service du peuple, nous voulons que vous dégagiez tous, et le président de la République avec ! (Mêmes mouvements. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794710",
   "speaker": "Julien Brugerolles",
   "quality": "M. Julien Brugerolles",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897385",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897385"
   ],
   "order": 142,
   "text": "Cet amendement exprime une nouvelle fois notre très vive inquiétude quant au tableau d’équilibre prévu pour les différentes branches de la sécurité sociale en 2026. Avec de telles perspectives de dépenses et de recettes, nous sommes très loin de répondre aux besoins de financement de la sécurité sociale. Nous sommes très loin de répondre aux besoins sociaux et de santé de la population. Nous sommes très loin d’un rétablissement pérenne des comptes sociaux et d’une remise à flot de nos hôpitaux et de nos Ehpad. Nous sommes très loin d’une répartition équitable des efforts.Le budget qui nous est présenté s’inscrit dans la vieille logique selon laquelle on résout les problèmes en les contournant. Il repose sur l’idée saugrenue que le déremboursement des soins aura pour effet que les assurés sociaux seront moins malades, que la répression des arrêts de travail améliorera la santé et la sécurité au travail, que le gel des prestations sociales permettra aux assurés sociaux de vivre mieux. Nous savons bien qu’il n’en est rien.Pour toutes ces raisons, et parce qu’il est nécessaire que ce budget soit fondé sur une grande politique de santé publique et non sur la seule obsession de réduire un déficit public global, nous vous proposons de supprimer l’article 14.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 14 / ",
   "article": "Article 14",
   "article_id": "3897375",
   "amendment": "589",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 142,
   "amendments": [
    "589"
   ],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897385",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 207,
   "annotation_id": "Ne4912f4b8973",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement exprime une nouvelle fois notre très vive inquiétude quant au tableau d’équilibre prévu pour les différentes branches de la sécurité sociale en 2026. Avec de telles perspectives de dépenses et de recettes, nous sommes très loin de répondre aux besoins de financement de la sécurité sociale. Nous sommes très loin de répondre aux besoins sociaux et de santé de la population. Nous sommes très loin d’un rétablissement pérenne des comptes sociaux et d’une remise à flot de nos hôpitaux et de nos Ehpad. Nous sommes très loin d’une répartition équitable des efforts.Le budget qui nous est présenté s’inscrit dans la vieille logique selon laquelle on résout les problèmes en les contournant. Il repose sur l’idée saugrenue que le déremboursement des soins aura pour effet que les assurés sociaux seront moins malades, que la répression des arrêts de travail améliorera la santé et la sécurité au travail, que le gel des prestations sociales permettra aux assurés sociaux de vivre mieux. Nous savons bien qu’il n’en est rien.Pour toutes ces raisons, et parce qu’il est nécessaire que ce budget soit fondé sur une grande politique de santé publique et non sur la seule obsession de réduire un déficit public global, nous vous proposons de supprimer l’article 14."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897389",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897389"
   ],
   "order": 146,
   "text": "Ce tableau d’équilibre est très loin d’être à l’équilibre. Le gouvernement a choisi d’assécher les finances sociales, par des exonérations – 88 milliards –, par le manquement de l’État à ses obligations de compensation – plus de 8 milliards –, par le maintien de la Cades, la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale, qu’il faudrait pourtant éteindre et qui nous coûte 16 milliards plus 3 milliards de charges financières supplémentaires. Ce que vous appelez le trou de la sécu est en fait parfaitement organisé par l’État et par la politique macroniste depuis qu’elle a commencé de s’appliquer. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Il est grand temps d’arrêter de prendre les gens pour des buses (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes EPR et Dem), de les laisser continuer à cotiser pour la caisse et pour ce qu’ils veulent financer, à savoir la solidarité nationale, et de leur rendre l’argent de ces cotisations grâce à cette solidarité, en finançant les services publics ainsi que tous les soins et les systèmes de solidarité auxquels ils ont droit. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 14 / ",
   "article": "Article 14",
   "article_id": "3897375",
   "amendment": "1545",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 146,
   "amendments": [
    "1545"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897389",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 182,
   "annotation_id": "Ne444741bedc4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce tableau d’équilibre est très loin d’être à l’équilibre. Le gouvernement a choisi d’assécher les finances sociales, par des exonérations – 88 milliards –, par le manquement de l’État à ses obligations de compensation – plus de 8 milliards –, par le maintien de la Cades, la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale, qu’il faudrait pourtant éteindre et qui nous coûte 16 milliards plus 3 milliards de charges financières supplémentaires. Ce que vous appelez le trou de la sécu est en fait parfaitement organisé par l’État et par la politique macroniste depuis qu’elle a commencé de s’appliquer. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Il est grand temps d’arrêter de prendre les gens pour des buses (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem), de les laisser continuer à cotiser pour la caisse et pour ce qu’ils veulent financer, à savoir la solidarité nationale, et de leur rendre l’argent de ces cotisations grâce à cette solidarité, en finançant les services publics ainsi que tous les soins et les systèmes de solidarité auxquels ils ont droit. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897405",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897405"
   ],
   "order": 165,
   "text": "Voilà ce qu’on appelle une réponse de comptable, madame la ministre, avec tout le respect que je vous dois. On ne peut pas se satisfaire d’avoir examiné la partie recettes en repoussant à plus tard l’étude des besoins. Vous allez voir : quand nous débattrons des besoins, vous nous direz que les recettes votées ne suffisent pas ! À l’issue de l’examen de ce PLFSS, les soignants nous remercieront-ils ? Nous diront-ils qu’enfin, l’Assemblée nationale a donné aux hôpitaux ce dont ils ont besoin ? Les professionnels des Ehpad nous diront-ils que, sur le long terme, ils pourront se préparer au vieillissement de la population ? Toutes ces braves personnes qui travaillent dans les crèches se réjouiront-elles que l’Assemblée nationale leur ait enfin donné les moyens de traiter correctement les petits ? Non, certainement pas !Tout ce que vous êtes en train de faire, c’est de gagner du temps sur vos agendas politiques ! Mais le peuple n’a pas le temps ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Je terminerai cette intervention en vous posant une question, madame la ministre, toujours au sujet des APL. Vous avez dit que nous en débattrions lors de l’étude du budget. J’aimerais savoir si l’accord que vous avez passé avec les socialistes (Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC) sur le budget prévoit que vous donniez un avis favorable au dégel… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Des députés du groupe LFI-NFP applaudissent ce dernier.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 14 / ",
   "article": "Article 14",
   "article_id": "3897375",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 165,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897405",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 250,
   "annotation_id": "N0679e567dacf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà ce qu’on appelle une réponse de comptable, madame la ministre, avec tout le respect que je vous dois. On ne peut pas se satisfaire d’avoir examiné la partie recettes en repoussant à plus tard l’étude des besoins. Vous allez voir : quand nous débattrons des besoins, vous nous direz que les recettes votées ne suffisent pas ! À l’issue de l’examen de ce PLFSS, les soignants nous remercieront-ils ? Nous diront-ils qu’enfin, l’Assemblée nationale a donné aux hôpitaux ce dont ils ont besoin ? Les professionnels des Ehpad nous diront-ils que, sur le long terme, ils pourront se préparer au vieillissement de la population ? Toutes ces braves personnes qui travaillent dans les crèches se réjouiront-elles que l’Assemblée nationale leur ait enfin donné les moyens de traiter correctement les petits ? Non, certainement pas !Tout ce que vous êtes en train de faire, c’est de gagner du temps sur vos agendas politiques ! Mais le peuple n’a pas le temps ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Je terminerai cette intervention en vous posant une question, madame la ministre, toujours au sujet des APL. Vous avez dit que nous en débattrions lors de l’étude du budget. J’aimerais savoir si l’accord que vous avez passé avec les socialistes (Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) sur le budget prévoit que vous donniez un avis favorable au dégel… (Le temps de parole étant écoulé, Mme la présidente coupe le micro de l’orateur. – Des députés du groupe [GROUPE] applaudissent ce dernier.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897409",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897409"
   ],
   "order": 169,
   "text": "Monsieur le député Boyard, vous dites qu’on n’a pas le temps d’attendre. Mais la première fois qu’un amendement sur la CSG patrimoine vous a été proposé, vous n’avez pas eu le temps de le voter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et DR. – Mme Anne-Cécile Violland applaudit également.) Je n’ai pas de leçons à recevoir de votre part sur la discussion des recettes et je pense qu’il serait bon de cesser les mauvaises polémiques. (Mêmes mouvements. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 14 / ",
   "article": "Article 14",
   "article_id": "3897375",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 169,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897409",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 93,
   "annotation_id": "N465bc386bb08",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le député Boyard, vous dites qu’on n’a pas le temps d’attendre. Mais la première fois qu’un amendement sur la CSG patrimoine vous a été proposé, vous n’avez pas eu le temps de le voter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et DR. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Je n’ai pas de leçons à recevoir de votre part sur la discussion des recettes et je pense qu’il serait bon de cesser les mauvaises polémiques. (Mêmes mouvements. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897580",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897580"
   ],
   "order": 261,
   "text": "Nous en arrivons à l’objectif d’amortissement de la dette sociale. Vous êtes nombreux à vouloir supprimer l’article qui le fixe et, donc, la Cades. Je rappelle qu’en 2019, la dette sociale arrivait à extinction, mais qu’elle a dû être reconstituée en raison de la crise sanitaire de 2020, pendant laquelle les Françaises et les Français ont été mieux aidés que tous les autres Européens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EPR.) Fallait-il leur faire payer les vaccins ou le dépistage du covid ? De plus, les salariés qui ne pouvaient pas aller travailler percevaient 80 % de leur rémunération. Ceux qui contestent aujourd’hui la dette sociale nous disaient alors que ce n’était pas assez, qu’il fallait une indemnisation totale. (Applaudissements prolongés sur les bancs du groupe EPR. – M. Jean-Luc Bourgeaux applaudit également. ) Soyons un peu raisonnables !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 15",
   "article": "Article 15",
   "article_id": "3897578",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 261,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897580",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 139,
   "annotation_id": "Nb18b4ef3e949",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous en arrivons à l’objectif d’amortissement de la dette sociale. Vous êtes nombreux à vouloir supprimer l’article qui le fixe et, donc, la Cades. Je rappelle qu’en 2019, la dette sociale arrivait à extinction, mais qu’elle a dû être reconstituée en raison de la crise sanitaire de 2020, pendant laquelle les Françaises et les Français ont été mieux aidés que tous les autres Européens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Fallait-il leur faire payer les vaccins ou le dépistage du covid ? De plus, les salariés qui ne pouvaient pas aller travailler percevaient 80 % de leur rémunération. Ceux qui contestent aujourd’hui la dette sociale nous disaient alors que ce n’était pas assez, qu’il fallait une indemnisation totale. (Applaudissements prolongés sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également. ) Soyons un peu raisonnables !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA842187",
   "speaker": "Gabrielle Cathala",
   "quality": "Mme Gabrielle Cathala",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897582",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897582"
   ],
   "order": 263,
   "text": "Madame la ministre, j’ai entendu votre numéro d’autosatisfaction. Nous arrivons à la fin du débat sur les recettes. Votre copie initiale prévoyait 15 milliards d’euros de mesures d’austérité. Au cours du débat, nous avons récupéré environ 3 milliards de recettes, mais il en manque toujours 12 ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.) Ensuite, vous avez dit que les dépenses de santé allaient augmenter. C’est totalement faux : il y a 7 milliards en moins pour la santé dans la version initiale de la partie dépenses du texte, dont nous n’avons pas encore commencé la discussion.Ils s’ajoutent à tous les milliards retranchés depuis 2017. Qui a supprimé près de 40 000 lits d’hôpitaux depuis cette date, dont 5 900 en pleine pandémie ? (Mêmes mouvements.) Qui en a fermé 4 800 en 2023 ? Qui est responsable du fait que plus de 90 % des hôpitaux et des Ehpad n’arrivent pas à recruter ? À l’heure où nous parlons, 15 000 postes d’infirmiers sont vacants dans les seuls hôpitaux publics, c’est-à-dire sans compter tous ceux qui manquent dans le secteur libéral. Du côté des aides-soignants, il y a 5 000 postes vacants et il en manquera 80 000 en 2050 pour faire face au vieillissement de la population et à la hausse des besoins. Vous êtes les responsables de cette situation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Mme Elsa Faucillon applaudit également.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 15",
   "article": "Article 15",
   "article_id": "3897578",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 263,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897582",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 235,
   "annotation_id": "N06126164c63a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre, j’ai entendu votre numéro d’autosatisfaction. Nous arrivons à la fin du débat sur les recettes. Votre copie initiale prévoyait 15 milliards d’euros de mesures d’austérité. Au cours du débat, nous avons récupéré environ 3 milliards de recettes, mais il en manque toujours 12 ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ensuite, vous avez dit que les dépenses de santé allaient augmenter. C’est totalement faux : il y a 7 milliards en moins pour la santé dans la version initiale de la partie dépenses du texte, dont nous n’avons pas encore commencé la discussion.Ils s’ajoutent à tous les milliards retranchés depuis 2017. Qui a supprimé près de 40 000 lits d’hôpitaux depuis cette date, dont 5 900 en pleine pandémie ? (Mêmes mouvements.) Qui en a fermé 4 800 en 2023 ? Qui est responsable du fait que plus de 90 % des hôpitaux et des Ehpad n’arrivent pas à recruter ? À l’heure où nous parlons, 15 000 postes d’infirmiers sont vacants dans les seuls hôpitaux publics, c’est-à-dire sans compter tous ceux qui manquent dans le secteur libéral. Du côté des aides-soignants, il y a 5 000 postes vacants et il en manquera 80 000 en 2050 pour faire face au vieillissement de la population et à la hausse des besoins. Vous êtes les responsables de cette situation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897585",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897585"
   ],
   "order": 266,
   "text": "Madame Cathala, je vous invite à comparer le PLFSS de 2026 avec celui de 2017. Contrairement à ce que vous venez de dire en mentant devant tout le monde, les dépenses étaient de 170 milliards d’euros en 2017, alors que nous en sommes à 262 milliards. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et EPR. – M. Paul Christophe applaudit également.) Même un enfant de sixième saurait faire la soustraction ! Vous n’avez pas le droit de dire des choses comme ça !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 15",
   "article": "Article 15",
   "article_id": "3897578",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 266,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897585",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 83,
   "annotation_id": "N67474106b3b3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Cathala, je vous invite à comparer le PLFSS de 2026 avec celui de 2017. Contrairement à ce que vous venez de dire en mentant devant tout le monde, les dépenses étaient de 170 milliards d’euros en 2017, alors que nous en sommes à 262 milliards. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Même un enfant de sixième saurait faire la soustraction ! Vous n’avez pas le droit de dire des choses comme ça !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897602",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897602"
   ],
   "order": 284,
   "text": "La sécurité sociale doit-elle ou non avoir des dettes ? Voilà un débat de fond ! Si l’on décide que la sécurité sociale ne remboursera plus sa dette, il faudra la fusionner avec l’État dans un grand tout financé par l’impôt. Cela revient à sortir du modèle de 1945. Si la dette de la sécu devient une partie de la dette publique, toute la gouvernance de la protection sociale doit être revue. Monsieur Monnet, nous avons eu beaucoup de débats mais, sur celui-ci, je vais ressortir mon expression favorite : c’est un bon débat pour la présidentielle.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 15 / ",
   "article": "Article 15",
   "article_id": "3897578",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 284,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897602",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 97,
   "annotation_id": "N6a7d8986b303",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La sécurité sociale doit-elle ou non avoir des dettes ? Voilà un débat de fond ! Si l’on décide que la sécurité sociale ne remboursera plus sa dette, il faudra la fusionner avec l’État dans un grand tout financé par l’impôt. Cela revient à sortir du modèle de 1945. Si la dette de la sécu devient une partie de la dette publique, toute la gouvernance de la protection sociale doit être revue. Monsieur Monnet, nous avons eu beaucoup de débats mais, sur celui-ci, je vais ressortir mon expression favorite : c’est un bon débat pour la présidentielle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA795200",
   "speaker": "Alma Dufour",
   "quality": "Mme Alma Dufour",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897604",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3897604"
   ],
   "order": 286,
   "text": "Je tiens à répondre aux interpellations de M. Vigier, qui a dit que nous mentions. Puisqu’il faut vous dire les choses crûment, je vais le faire. Dans cet hémicycle, il y a 577 places. Imaginez le triple : c’est le nombre de gens qui meurent chaque année dans un couloir d’attente des urgences, par manque de prise en charge. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP. – Mme Annie Vidal proteste.) Vous connaissez ce chiffre comme moi, madame Vidal. Et je ne compte pas tous les gens décédés pendant qu’on les balade d’un hôpital à l’autre alors qu’ils ont fait un infarctus. Toujours pour vous parler crûment, la réalité, ce sont des personnes âgées qui décèdent après avoir été attachées pendant quatre-vingts heures sur des brancards, comme c’est arrivé à M. Saint-Martin dans ma circonscription de Rouen. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP et sur quelques bancs du groupe EcoS.) Ce sont des soignants dans les Ehpad, obligés d’endormir les résidents à 17 heures avec des cachets parce qu’ils n’ont pas le temps de faire la tournée du soir. C’est l’hôpital Georges-Pompidou, qui organise une cagnotte Leetchi pour acheter un scanner. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe EPR.) C’est 19 millions d’euros en moins pour la recherche sur les cancers pédiatriques.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Deuxième partie (suite) / Article 15 / ",
   "article": "Article 15",
   "article_id": "3897578",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 286,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3897604",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 212,
   "annotation_id": "N820c795c5f7c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à répondre aux interpellations de M. Vigier, qui a dit que nous mentions. Puisqu’il faut vous dire les choses crûment, je vais le faire. Dans cet hémicycle, il y a 577 places. Imaginez le triple : c’est le nombre de gens qui meurent chaque année dans un couloir d’attente des urgences, par manque de prise en charge. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme [PERSONNE] proteste.) Vous connaissez ce chiffre comme moi, madame Vidal. Et je ne compte pas tous les gens décédés pendant qu’on les balade d’un hôpital à l’autre alors qu’ils ont fait un infarctus. Toujours pour vous parler crûment, la réalité, ce sont des personnes âgées qui décèdent après avoir été attachées pendant quatre-vingts heures sur des brancards, comme c’est arrivé à M. Saint-Martin dans ma circonscription de Rouen. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ce sont des soignants dans les Ehpad, obligés d’endormir les résidents à 17 heures avec des cachets parce qu’ils n’ont pas le temps de faire la tournée du soir. C’est l’hôpital Georges-Pompidou, qui organise une cagnotte Leetchi pour acheter un scanner. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) C’est 19 millions d’euros en moins pour la recherche sur les cancers pédiatriques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3898224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898224"
   ],
   "order": 527,
   "text": "Personne n’a envie d’aller voir ses proches pour leur dire qu’ils paieront 2, 3 ou 4 euros en plus pour se soigner. Donc refusons, rejetons ce texte ! (Les députés du groupe LFI-NFP se lèvent et applaudissent. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe EPR.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Après l’article 12 (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3899255",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 527,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3898224",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 45,
   "annotation_id": "N3055983d38d9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Personne n’a envie d’aller voir ses proches pour leur dire qu’ils paieront 2, 3 ou 4 euros en plus pour se soigner. Donc refusons, rejetons ce texte ! (Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] se lèvent et applaudissent. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC)",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3898226",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3898226"
   ],
   "order": 529,
   "text": "Nous, députés du groupe socialiste, avons abordé les débats sur le budget de la sécurité sociale avec un seul objectif : être utiles aux Français. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC. – Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.) Au moment de voter la partie relative aux recettes, nous regardons cliniquement, objectivement, ce qu’il en est.Nous avons souhaité être utiles pour le pouvoir d’achat en éliminant des mesures problématiques, en refusant l’augmentation de la CSG sur les retraites et les allocations chômage qui aurait résulté du gel envisagé du barème (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC) ; en préservant les titres-restaurant et les chèques-vacances qui devaient être taxés (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP) ; en préservant le pouvoir d’achat des apprentis, qui devaient être pénalisés dans la rédaction initiale du texte (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe RN), et celui des adhérents de mutuelles, qui allaient pâtir de la taxe sur les organismes complémentaires d’assurance maladie (Ocam).Nous avons aussi souhaité être utiles en matière de justice fiscale et nous nous réjouissons d’avoir avancé en prélevant des ressources sur les revenus du capital. Est-ce suffisant ? Certainement pas. Mais pouvons-nous accepter de revenir en arrière et empêcher ces mesures d’être confirmées dans la suite du débat parlementaire ?Nous avons surtout souhaité être utiles en remplissant pleinement notre rôle de parlementaires, en refusant d’être démissionnaires, au nom de la démocratie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EPR et Dem.) Car, si nous avons abordé les recettes de la sécurité sociale, il faut aussi parler de l’enjeu de l’hôpital, des Ehpad, de la santé (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LFI-NFP) ; il faut renforcer l’Ondam, préserver le pouvoir d’achat en refusant le gel des prestations sociales et des pensions (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC), refuser les franchises médicales. Nous devons avoir ces débats.Un débat essentiel nous attend : celui qui doit avoir lieu mercredi sur la suspension de la réforme des retraites. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.) C’est l’honneur du Parlement d’avoir fait en sorte qu’il puisse se tenir.Au moment où l’extrême droite s’oppose farouchement à cette partie relative aux recettes,…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Après l’article 12 (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3899255",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 529,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3898226",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 375,
   "annotation_id": "Ndc43f738e710",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "de justice fiscale et nous nous réjouissons d’avoir avancé en prélevant des ressources sur les revenus du capital. Est-ce suffisant ? Certainement pas. Mais pouvons-nous accepter de revenir en arrière et empêcher ces mesures d’être confirmées dans la suite du débat parlementaire ?Nous avons surtout souhaité être utiles en remplissant pleinement notre rôle de parlementaires, en refusant d’être démissionnaires, au nom de la démocratie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.) Car, si nous avons abordé les recettes de la sécurité sociale, il faut aussi parler de l’enjeu de l’hôpital, des Ehpad, de la santé (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) ; il faut renforcer l’Ondam, préserver le pouvoir d’achat en refusant le gel des prestations sociales et des pensions (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), refuser les franchises médicales. Nous devons avoir ces débats.Un débat essentiel nous attend : celui qui doit avoir lieu mercredi sur la suspension de la réforme des retraites. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) C’est l’honneur du Parlement d’avoir fait en sorte qu’il puisse se tenir.Au moment où l’extrême droite s’oppose farouchement à cette partie relative aux recettes,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3899797",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899797"
   ],
   "order": 536,
   "text": "…nous, à gauche, nous devons avoir, chevillé au corps et au cœur, le souci de l’avenir de la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes RN et UDR.) Notre vote n’a qu’une seule motivation :…",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Explications de vote",
   "article": "Après l’article 12 (seconde délibération)",
   "article_id": "3899255",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 536,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3899797",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 44,
   "annotation_id": "N383d6f99fbfc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…nous, à gauche, nous devons avoir, chevillé au corps et au cœur, le souci de l’avenir de la sécurité sociale. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Notre vote n’a qu’une seule motivation :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3899346",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3899346"
   ],
   "order": 674,
   "text": "Le combat continue. Nous y sommes prêts. L’article 18 s’inscrit dans la logique, que nous combattons, d’un transfert silencieux du financement de la sécurité sociale vers les assurés eux-mêmes. Je rappelle la promesse originelle de notre système : chacun cotise selon ses moyens et reçoit selon ses besoins ; si l’on applique vos mesures, ce ne sera plus possible. Comment avez-vous pu seulement songer à élargir le champ des franchises ? Aujourd’hui, près de 6 millions de Français renoncent à des soins faute de moyens. Le doublement des franchises représentera 4 euros pour une consultation chez le médecin et 2 euros pour une boîte de médicaments, payables directement auprès du professionnel. Nous défendons la suppression de l’article parce que nous ne voulons pas d’une santé à deux vitesses, où seuls ceux qui en ont les moyens pourraient se soigner ; nous plaidons à l’inverse en faveur d’une grande sécurité sociale.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 18 / ",
   "article": "Article 18",
   "article_id": "3899264",
   "amendment": "574",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 674,
   "amendments": [
    "574"
   ],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3899346",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 150,
   "annotation_id": "Nb7fe365efa3a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le combat continue. Nous y sommes prêts. L’article 18 s’inscrit dans la logique, que nous combattons, d’un transfert silencieux du financement de la sécurité sociale vers les assurés eux-mêmes. Je rappelle la promesse originelle de notre système : chacun cotise selon ses moyens et reçoit selon ses besoins ; si l’on applique vos mesures, ce ne sera plus possible. Comment avez-vous pu seulement songer à élargir le champ des franchises ? Aujourd’hui, près de 6 millions de Français renoncent à des soins faute de moyens. Le doublement des franchises représentera 4 euros pour une consultation chez le médecin et 2 euros pour une boîte de médicaments, payables directement auprès du professionnel. Nous défendons la suppression de l’article parce que nous ne voulons pas d’une santé à deux vitesses, où seuls ceux qui en ont les moyens pourraient se soigner ; nous plaidons à l’inverse en faveur d’une grande sécurité sociale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3899348",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 676,
   "text": "Il s’agit probablement de l’article le plus inique du projet de loi. Demander aux assurés une franchise pour aller chez le dentiste, bénéficier de béquilles, ou avoir recours à un taxi quand on est une personne à mobilité réduite, c’est absolument inadmissible – je crois d’ailleurs que nous sommes tous d’accord. Je rappelle en outre que tout transport sanitaire résulte d’une prescription. Les franchises sont des impôts que vous faites payer aux malades, faute d’avoir le courage de faire payer le patrimoine et les revenus des plus riches et des grandes entreprises. Ces mesures toucheraient durement les plus précaires et les malades, alors qu’un tiers d’entre eux renoncent déjà à des soins. Pour une grippe, il en résulterait 4 euros pour la consultation, 2 euros pour trois boîtes de médicaments, soit, au bout du compte, 10 euros pris dans la poche des malades – pour une grippe !Par ailleurs, le doublement des franchises est censé intervenir par décret. Or nous allons rejeter l’article 18. Par conséquent, prenez-vous l’engagement, madame la ministre, de renoncer au décret à venir sur le doublement des franchises ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 18 / ",
   "article": "Article 18",
   "article_id": "3899264",
   "amendment": "580",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 676,
   "amendments": [
    "580"
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   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3899348",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 183,
   "annotation_id": "N89e971c73d51",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit probablement de l’article le plus inique du projet de loi. Demander aux assurés une franchise pour aller chez le dentiste, bénéficier de béquilles, ou avoir recours à un taxi quand on est une personne à mobilité réduite, c’est absolument inadmissible – je crois d’ailleurs que nous sommes tous d’accord. Je rappelle en outre que tout transport sanitaire résulte d’une prescription. Les franchises sont des impôts que vous faites payer aux malades, faute d’avoir le courage de faire payer le patrimoine et les revenus des plus riches et des grandes entreprises. Ces mesures toucheraient durement les plus précaires et les malades, alors qu’un tiers d’entre eux renoncent déjà à des soins. Pour une grippe, il en résulterait 4 euros pour la consultation, 2 euros pour trois boîtes de médicaments, soit, au bout du compte, 10 euros pris dans la poche des malades – pour une grippe !Par ailleurs, le doublement des franchises est censé intervenir par décret. Or nous allons rejeter l’article 18. Par conséquent, prenez-vous l’engagement, madame la ministre, de renoncer au décret à venir sur le doublement des franchises ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
   "source_sha256": "d423bef82a32fecdad81c3cdf85c28cabc59ca03bce3415c50220c14ab3ed862",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3900099",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3900099"
   ],
   "order": 728,
   "text": "Je voudrais tordre le cou à une fake news de plus, répandue par les groupes de gauche : quand avez-vous entendu dire que nous étions en faveur des franchises ? Jamais. Alors, cessez de dire une telle chose ! Nous sommes opposés aux franchises parce qu’il est inadmissible de demander aux Français de cotiser à la source depuis toujours et de ne pas être remboursés à hauteur de ce qui est prévu. D’autant que si ces franchises doivent doubler aujourd’hui, elles pourront quadrupler demain. Il n’est pas possible de continuer de la sorte. Le groupe Rassemblement national demande la suppression de ces franchises. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe RN.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 18 / ",
   "article": "Article 18",
   "article_id": "3899264",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 728,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3900099",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 110,
   "annotation_id": "N046f825be83a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais tordre le cou à une fake news de plus, répandue par les groupes de gauche : quand avez-vous entendu dire que nous étions en faveur des franchises ? Jamais. Alors, cessez de dire une telle chose ! Nous sommes opposés aux franchises parce qu’il est inadmissible de demander aux Français de cotiser à la source depuis toujours et de ne pas être remboursés à hauteur de ce qui est prévu. D’autant que si ces franchises doivent doubler aujourd’hui, elles pourront quadrupler demain. Il n’est pas possible de continuer de la sorte. Le groupe [GROUPE] demande la suppression de ces franchises. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041",
   "date": "2025-11-08",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2026IDS29881",
   "title": "Deuxième séance du samedi 08 novembre 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041.xml",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3900101",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 730,
   "text": "C’est un débat intéressant qu’il faut mettre en regard de la branche autonomie de la sécurité sociale, compte tenu du reste à charge qui prévaut dans le secteur médico-social lié à la dépendance. Il s’agit d’un financement tripartite : le forfait soins est pris en charge par l’ARS, le forfait dépendance par le département, ce qui laisse un reste à charge parfois considérable – nous connaissons tous une personne âgée en Ehpad qui paye 2 000 ou 2 500 euros par mois, et nous avons tous dans nos circonscriptions des enfants en situation de handicap dont les parents montent une association pour pouvoir financer un fauteuil. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LFI-NFP.)Nous devons avoir le courage politique de poser la question du financement de la branche dépendance, quoi qu’on pense de cette franchise de la branche maladie, dont le plafond est fixé à 200 euros par an et qui exonère les personnes en ALD et celles qui bénéficient de la C2S. Les franchises ne sont pas une solution magique mais nous devons faire preuve d’honnêteté intellectuelle, compte tenu de la démographie de notre pays, et parvenir à financer la dépendance pour que le reste à charge y soit de moindre ampleur. Peut-être devons-nous avoir le courage de dire, s’agissant de la branche maladie, que 200 euros par an ne sont pas grand-chose comparés à une chimiothérapie qui coûte 30 000 euros par an ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026 / Troisième partie / Article 18 / ",
   "article": "Article 18",
   "article_id": "3899264",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 730,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2026O1N041-3900101",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "words": 252,
   "annotation_id": "N6a06c9a18742",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un débat intéressant qu’il faut mettre en regard de la branche autonomie de la sécurité sociale, compte tenu du reste à charge qui prévaut dans le secteur médico-social lié à la dépendance. Il s’agit d’un financement tripartite : le forfait soins est pris en charge par l’ARS, le forfait dépendance par le département, ce qui laisse un reste à charge parfois considérable – nous connaissons tous une personne âgée en Ehpad qui paye 2 000 ou 2 500 euros par mois, et nous avons tous dans nos circonscriptions des enfants en situation de handicap dont les parents montent une association pour pouvoir financer un fauteuil. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous devons avoir le courage politique de poser la question du financement de la branche dépendance, quoi qu’on pense de cette franchise de la branche maladie, dont le plafond est fixé à 200 euros par an et qui exonère les personnes en ALD et celles qui bénéficient de la C2S. Les franchises ne sont pas une solution magique mais nous devons faire preuve d’honnêteté intellectuelle, compte tenu de la démographie de notre pays, et parvenir à financer la dépendance pour que le reste à charge y soit de moindre ampleur. Peut-être devons-nous avoir le courage de dire, s’agissant de la branche maladie, que 200 euros par an ne sont pas grand-chose comparés à une chimiothérapie qui coûte 30 000 euros par an ? (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096",
   "date": "2025-02-10",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29017",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 10 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbf6802f6e4925f5f3a6bc1f3889f581d7f96de3aa364be1a568d70738c35087",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096-3625117",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3625117"
   ],
   "order": 178,
   "text": "…ou dans les établissements médico-sociaux, ce sont des investissements pourtant cruciaux qui sont bloqués. Or sans ces recrutements, sans ces investissements, nous nous rapprochons chaque jour un peu plus de l’effondrement général du système.",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 178,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096-3625117",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 34,
   "annotation_id": "Nd3edf37c5dab",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…ou dans les établissements médico-sociaux, ce sont des investissements pourtant cruciaux qui sont bloqués. Or sans ces recrutements, sans ces investissements, nous nous rapprochons chaque jour un peu plus de l’effondrement général du système."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096",
   "date": "2025-02-10",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29017",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 10 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbf6802f6e4925f5f3a6bc1f3889f581d7f96de3aa364be1a568d70738c35087",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096-3625119",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3625119"
   ],
   "order": 180,
   "text": "Ce budget est fondamental, car il prévoit l’augmentation à hauteur de 1 milliard d’euros de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie, le fameux Ondam, qui progresse même de 3,6 % en ce qui concerne l’hôpital. Il est fondamental car il intègre un accord majeur avec l’industrie du médicament visant à concilier l’approvisionnement en médicaments et la maîtrise des dépenses. Il est fondamental car il jette les bases d’une politique structurelle de la prévention, grâce à la réforme de la taxe sur les boissons sucrées, dont la consommation constitue un véritable fléau sanitaire. Il est fondamental car il prévoit le triplement du fonds d’urgence dédié aux Ehpad en difficulté.Il est fondamental, enfin, car il comporte des avancées significatives dans de nombreux domaines. On peut citer, par exemple, la santé mentale (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes LFI-NFP et EcoS), grande cause de Michel Barnier que vous avez, monsieur le premier ministre, reprise ; les soins palliatifs, pour lesquels il est indispensable de développer une politique spécifique, parallèle à la réflexion sur la fin de vie que nous aborderons prochainement sous l’impulsion d’Olivier Falorni ; l’accompagnement des victimes de soumission chimique, dont notre collègue Sandrine Josso a fait son combat ; l’indemnisation des victimes d’accident du travail, sujet sur lequel Philippe Vigier, rapporteur du PLFSS pour cette branche, mais aussi François Ruffin ont beaucoup travaillé ; le déploiement du service public de la petite enfance ; l’alignement du calcul des retraites agricoles sur celui du régime général, un sujet qui m’est cher, comme il l’est à Julien Dive ou à André Chassaigne ; la santé des femmes et leur inclusion dans la vie professionnelle ; la prise en charge adaptée de la maladie de Charcot, et ainsi de suite.Ce budget, tel que vous et votre gouvernement le présentez, nourrit des ambitions que nous saluons. Bien sûr, il est loin de pouvoir relever tous les défis auxquels notre sécurité sociale est confrontée, mais il est le fruit d’un compromis visant à concilier des avancées sociales nouvelles et une meilleure maîtrise des déficits. C’est la première pierre d’une reconstruction ambitieuse de notre modèle de sécurité sociale. L’ambition, s’agissant de cette dernière, ne consiste pas à dépenser toujours plus ; elle consiste assurément à guérir mieux et, avant cela, à prévenir mieux. Elle devrait aussi consister à mieux accompagner les personnes âgées et, avant cela, à créer les conditions pour qu’elles puissent mieux vieillir.Il va nous falloir réinterroger notre conception de la politique. L’efficacité d’une politique publique ne saurait se mesurer uniquement à l’aune des dépenses supplémentaires consenties mécaniquement chaque année. L’important, c’est de définir des priorités pour nos politiques publiques, d’en adapter l’organisation en conséquence et de mieux évaluer leur effet sur la vie quotidienne des Français.L’enjeu numéro un est la prévention. En effet, 60 % des dépenses de santé sont liées aux 20 % de personnes en affection longue durée (ALD). Le nombre de ces patients croît de façon quasi exponentielle : ils sont près de 14 millions actuellement, contre 10 millions il y a dix ans et 6,5 millions il y a vingt ans. Nous croyons qu’il est possible d’assurer une prise en charge efficace et humaine de ces personnes tout en luttant mieux contre la survenue des ALD.Agir en amont est même crucial pour faire face au mur du vieillissement démographique. D’autres pays le font. Nous devons travailler notamment, comme notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille s’y emploie depuis des années, à faire évoluer les comportements, à tous les âges de la vie, pour que diminue la consommation de tabac, de sucre ou encore d’alcool. Travaillons aussi à favoriser la détection précoce des maladies génétiques, en soutenant la recherche, comme Philippe Berta en avait l’ambition. Il existe au bas mot une cinquantaine de maladies génétiques rares qui, si elles étaient détectées dans les premières semaines de vie,…",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 180,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096-3625119",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 634,
   "annotation_id": "N7b4a01179481",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce budget est fondamental, car il prévoit l’augmentation à hauteur de 1 milliard d’euros de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie, le fameux Ondam, qui progresse même de 3,6 % en ce qui concerne l’hôpital. Il est fondamental car il intègre un accord majeur avec l’industrie du médicament visant à concilier l’approvisionnement en médicaments et la maîtrise des dépenses. Il est fondamental car il jette les bases d’une politique structurelle de la prévention, grâce à la réforme de la taxe sur les boissons sucrées, dont la consommation constitue un véritable fléau sanitaire. Il est fondamental car il prévoit le triplement du fonds d’urgence dédié aux Ehpad en difficulté.Il est fondamental, enfin, car il comporte des avancées significatives dans de nombreux domaines. On peut citer, par exemple, la santé mentale (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]), grande cause de [PERSONNE] que vous avez, monsieur le premier ministre, reprise ; les soins palliatifs, pour lesquels il est indispensable de développer une politique spécifique, parallèle à la réflexion sur la fin de vie que nous aborderons prochainement sous l’impulsion d’[PERSONNE]"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096",
   "date": "2025-02-10",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29017",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 10 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
   "source_sha256": "dbf6802f6e4925f5f3a6bc1f3889f581d7f96de3aa364be1a568d70738c35087",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "xml",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096-3625125",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3625125"
   ],
   "order": 187,
   "text": "…pourraient être non seulement identifiées, ce qui éviterait aux familles des années d’errance médicale, mais surtout guéries ou, au moins, traitées de manière à en limiter les conséquences dramatiques.Nous devons par ailleurs généraliser le dépistage aux âges clés. Frédéric Valletoux, le président de la commission des affaires sociales, a lancé avec Stéphanie Rist une très intéressante série de conférences portant sur les spécificités de la santé des femmes. J’y ai appris que de simples tests pour déterminer la densité osseuse, effectués à la cinquantaine, pouvaient apporter des informations précieuses et éviter des affections lourdes quelques années plus tard, le tout pour seulement 39 euros. Je ne multiplierai pas les exemples : la prévention est une source potentielle d’économies considérables et doit surtout permettre de rester en bonne santé et de mieux vieillir.L’enjeu numéro deux est l’organisation. Les institutions médicales sont sclérosées par la suradministration, par le contrôle à tous les étages et, paradoxalement, par une forme de déresponsabilisation. Il faut redonner du sens au fonctionnement de ces structures, notamment à l’hôpital. Laisser un service plus libre de son organisation, en le tenant responsable de son équilibre financier, est source d’efficacité. Pourquoi certains établissements s’en sortent-ils mieux que d’autres ? Pourquoi les problèmes de prise en charge des urgences sont-ils mieux traités ici que là ? Regardons ce qui marche, rendons nos organisations plus agiles, et nous fournirons un meilleur service médical aux Français. C’est cela, la vocation première de nos professionnels de santé.",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 187,
   "amendments": [],
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096-3625125",
   "case": "soda",
   "words": 243,
   "annotation_id": "N70f1d6d4ee33",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…pourraient être non seulement identifiées, ce qui éviterait aux familles des années d’errance médicale, mais surtout guéries ou, au moins, traitées de manière à en limiter les conséquences dramatiques.Nous devons par ailleurs généraliser le dépistage aux âges clés. [PERSONNE], le président de la commission des affaires sociales, a lancé avec [PERSONNE] une très intéressante série de conférences portant sur les spécificités de la santé des femmes. J’y ai appris que de simples tests pour déterminer la densité osseuse, effectués à la cinquantaine, pouvaient apporter des informations précieuses et éviter des affections lourdes quelques années plus tard, le tout pour seulement 39 euros. Je ne multiplierai pas les exemples : la prévention est une source potentielle d’économies considérables et doit surtout permettre de rester en bonne santé et de mieux vieillir.L’enjeu numéro deux est l’organisation. Les institutions médicales sont sclérosées par la suradministration, par le contrôle à tous les étages et, paradoxalement, par une forme de déresponsabilisation. Il faut redonner du sens au fonctionnement de ces structures, notamment à l’hôpital. Laisser un service plus libre de son organisation, en le tenant responsable de son équilibre financier, est source d’efficacité. Pourquoi certains établissements s’en sortent-ils mieux que d’autres ? Pourquoi les problèmes de prise en charge des urgences sont-ils mieux traités ici que là ? Regardons ce qui marche, rendons nos organisations plus agiles, et nous fournirons un meilleur service médical aux Français. C’est cela, la vocation première de nos professionnels de santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096",
   "date": "2025-02-10",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": "RUANR5L17S2025IDS29017",
   "title": "Première séance du lundi 10 février 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.html",
   "archive": "debats_17.zip",
   "archive_member": "xml/compteRendu/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
   "source_file": "sources/extraits/CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096.xml",
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   "speaker_id": "PA410",
   "speaker": "François Bayrou",
   "quality": "premier ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::CRSANR5L17S2025O1N096-3624605",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 417,
   "text": "En quelques mots, les mesures nouvelles prévues par ce projet de loi consistent en une nouvelle étape des allégements généraux concernant les bas salaires, pour 1,6 milliard ; une hausse des taxes sur les boissons sucrées, qui, si la part du sucre dans certaines boissons ne diminue pas, rapportera 200 millions ;…",
   "top": "Motion de censure",
   "section": "Motion de censure",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "text_ref": "",
   "last_order": 417,
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   "case": "soda",
   "words": 52,
   "annotation_id": "N4671f48c2f73",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En quelques mots, les mesures nouvelles prévues par ce projet de loi consistent en une nouvelle étape des allégements généraux concernant les bas salaires, pour 1,6 milliard ; une hausse des taxes sur les boissons sucrées, qui, si la part du sucre dans certaines boissons ne diminue pas, rapportera 200 millions ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208438",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 8,
   "text": "Nous partageons tous un engagement résolu en faveur de la transition agroécologique et l’objectif d’une agriculture moins dépendante aux pesticides. Toutefois, nous sommes aujourd’hui face à une impasse, une situation exceptionnelle à laquelle nous devons apporter une réponse et qui concerne la filière betterave, filière d’excellence française qui représente 46 000 emplois.Je le dis clairement, il ne s’agit aucunement d’opposer économie à écologie. La question n’est pas là. La question est celle de notre souveraineté : souhaitons-nous faire la transition agroécologique avec une filière de la betterave sucrière française ou acceptons-nous sa disparition ? Là est le sujet.Car oui, la filière de la betterave est aujourd’hui en danger. La faute en revient à ce puceron dont nous ne connaissons encore que peu de choses. Les premières récoltes confirment la crainte que nous avions, avec des parcelles lourdement touchées. Ces pucerons, dont l’hiver doux a favorisé la démultiplication, transmettent un virus qui bloque le métabolisme de la plante, sa photosynthèse, et de ce fait la création de sucres dans son bulbe racinaire.Or, contrairement à ce que certains affirment, il n’existe pas à ce jour d’alternative d’échelle, qu’elle soit économique, chimique ou agronomique. Par ailleurs, toutes les cultures peuvent être touchées, même les cultures bio. Que feriez-vous donc si vous étiez agriculteur betteravier ? Vous avez deux possibilités : continuer à planter de la betterave, avec le risque de subir de lourdes pertes, de ne pas réussir à soigner vos plantes, de perdre de l’argent, ou bien planter des céréales. Évidemment, vous planteriez des céréales. Et là, en l’espace d’un an, ce sont les sucreries qui fermeraient faute d’intrants.Toutes celles et tous ceux d’entre vous qui viennent de territoires où existent des sucreries connaissent l’équilibre fragile de ces outils industriels, équilibre encore plus fragilisé depuis la fin des quotas votée en 2013. Or, si les sucreries ferment, c’est tout simplement la fin d’une filière d’excellence. Donc, non, il ne s’agit pas d’opposer économie à écologie : il s’agit d’une question de souveraineté.Oui, nous sommes tous ici favorables à l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes. Oui, nous sommes tous ici favorables à la transition agroécologique. Personne ici n’a le monopole de l’agroécologie. D’ailleurs, les premiers à la souhaiter sont les agriculteurs eux-mêmes. Mais cette transition agroécologique, je le dis clairement, ne peut consister à tuer une filière française pour importer ensuite du sucre de Pologne, d’Allemagne ou de Belgique, tous pays moins-disants que nous sur le plan environnemental. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LaREM ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR. – M. Charles de Courson applaudit aussi.) Non, cela ne peut pas être ainsi ! Ce texte n’est donc en rien un renoncement.D’abord, il montre bien qu’aujourd’hui, 92 % des usages des néonicotinoïdes ont trouvé des substitutions grâce à la loi de 2016 défendue par ma collègue Barbara Pompili, que je salue.Par ailleurs, ce texte manifeste à la fois l’humilité de reconnaître quand nous sommes dans une impasse et le courage d’affronter le temps. Affronter le temps, c’est peut-être ce qu’il y a de plus dur en politique. C’est ce à quoi nous sommes tous confrontés. Jamais je ne jetterai la pierre à celles et ceux qui souhaitent aller le plus vite possible : cette impatience, je la partage, et je suis sûr qu’elle est partagée sur tous les bancs de cette assemblée, quelles que soient nos opinions politiques.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "words": 556,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208438",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4a7ee4557aaf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous partageons tous un engagement résolu en faveur de la transition agroécologique et l’objectif d’une agriculture moins dépendante aux pesticides. Toutefois, nous sommes aujourd’hui face à une impasse, une situation exceptionnelle à laquelle nous devons apporter une réponse et qui concerne la filière betterave, filière d’excellence française qui représente 46 000 emplois.Je le dis clairement, il ne s’agit aucunement d’opposer économie à écologie. La question n’est pas là. La question est celle de notre souveraineté : souhaitons-nous faire la transition agroécologique avec une filière de la betterave sucrière française ou acceptons-nous sa disparition ? Là est le sujet.Car oui, la filière de la betterave est aujourd’hui en danger. La faute en revient à ce puceron dont nous ne connaissons encore que peu de choses. Les premières récoltes confirment la crainte que nous avions, avec des parcelles lourdement touchées. Ces pucerons, dont l’hiver doux a favorisé la démultiplication, transmettent un virus qui bloque le métabolisme de la plante, sa photosynthèse, et de ce fait la création de sucres dans son bulbe racinaire.Or, contrairement à ce que certains affirment, il n’existe pas à ce jour d’alternative d’échelle, qu’elle soit économique, chimique ou agronomique. Par ailleurs, toutes les cultures peuvent être touchées, même les cultures bio. Que feriez-vous donc si vous étiez agriculteur betteravier ? Vous avez deux possibilités : continuer à planter de la betterave, avec le risque de subir de lourdes pertes, de ne pas réussir à soigner vos plantes, de perdre de l’argent, ou bien planter des céréales. Évidemment, vous planteriez des céréales. Et là, en l’espace d’un an, ce sont les sucreries qui fermeraient faute d’intrants.Toutes celles et tous ceux d’entre vous qui viennent de territoires où existent des sucreries connaissent l’équilibre fragile de ces outils industriels, équilibre encore plus fragilisé depuis la fin des quotas votée en 2013. Or, si les sucreries ferment, c’est tout simplement la fin d’une filière d’excellence. Donc, non, il ne s’agit pas d’opposer économie à écologie : il s’agit d’une question de souveraineté.Oui, nous sommes tous ici favorables à l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes. Oui, nous sommes tous ici favorables à la transition agroécologique. Personne ici n’a le monopole de l’agroécologie. D’ailleurs, les premiers à la souhaiter sont les agriculteurs eux-mêmes. Mais cette transition agroécologique, je le dis clairement, ne peut consister à tuer une filière française pour importer ensuite du sucre de Pologne, d’Allemagne ou de Belgique, tous pays moins-disants que nous sur le plan environnemental. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.) Non, cela ne peut pas être ainsi ! Ce texte n’est donc en rien un renoncement.D’abord, il montre bien qu’aujourd’hui, 92 % des usages des néonicotinoïdes ont trouvé des substitutions grâce à la loi de 2016 défendue par ma collègue [PERSONNE], que je salue.Par ailleurs, ce texte manifeste à la fois l’humilité de reconnaître quand nous sommes dans une impasse et le courage d’affronter le temps. Affronter le temps, c’est peut-être ce qu’il y a de plus dur en politique. C’est ce à quoi nous sommes tous confrontés. Jamais je ne jetterai la pierre à celles et ceux qui souhaitent aller le plus vite possible : cette impatience, je la partage, et je suis sûr qu’elle est partagée sur tous les bancs de cette assemblée, quelles que soient nos opinions politiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208447",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 10,
   "text": "Mais ce qu’il y a de plus difficile dans la nature, c’est le temps. La recherche agronomique, ce ne sont pas juste des cellules que nous développons dans une boîte de Petri : ce sont des tests dans les champs, qui prennent du temps – et l’on dit d’ailleurs souvent que dans une vie d’agriculteur, on n’a qu’une cinquantaine de tests possibles. Voilà la réalité agricole.Ce texte, enfin, c’est le choix de faire la transition agroécologique avec la filière française, et non à son détriment. Car les autres États membres, eux, peuvent apporter une réponse à leurs betteraviers. Le règlement européen sur la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques permet, par dérogation, d’utiliser des produits non autorisés « lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». C’est ce qu’utilisent aujourd’hui onze pays européens sur quatorze, et c’est cette dérogation que le projet de loi vous propose de mettre en place.Comme vous le voyez, celui-ci est très clair : il donne la possibilité d’utiliser une dérogation dès lors qu’aucune alternative crédible n’existe. Permettez-moi de m’y arrêter quelques instants. Non, il n’existe pas aujourd’hui d’alternative crédible. Tout d’abord, les produits chimiques qui ont été utilisés au cours de l’hiver 2019-2020 ont également des impacts environnementaux et se sont révélés inefficaces. Ensuite, les méthodes agronomiques – la modification des écosystèmes pour favoriser les auxiliaires, l’évolution du parcellaire et des itinéraires techniques – nécessitent du temps pour être mises au point et déployées. Malgré les efforts de recherche déjà consentis, il est clair que cela prendra encore du temps. Car, qu’on le veuille ou non, dans la nature, faire pousser une haie, cela prend du temps. Dans le plan de relance, nous consacrerons d’ailleurs plus de 50 millions d’euros à favoriser la plantation de haies.Quant à la mise sous perfusion économique de la filière envisagée par certains, elle n’est pas non plus possible au regard de l’encadrement européen. Je le dis clairement, indemniser à 100 % la filière pour la mettre sous perfusion n’est pas possible ; les règles européennes sont très claires sur ce point.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "words": 353,
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208447",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4524cd0861b9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mais ce qu’il y a de plus difficile dans la nature, c’est le temps. La recherche agronomique, ce ne sont pas juste des cellules que nous développons dans une boîte de Petri : ce sont des tests dans les champs, qui prennent du temps – et l’on dit d’ailleurs souvent que dans une vie d’agriculteur, on n’a qu’une cinquantaine de tests possibles. Voilà la réalité agricole.Ce texte, enfin, c’est le choix de faire la transition agroécologique avec la filière française, et non à son détriment. Car les autres États membres, eux, peuvent apporter une réponse à leurs betteraviers. Le règlement européen sur la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques permet, par dérogation, d’utiliser des produits non autorisés « lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». C’est ce qu’utilisent aujourd’hui onze pays européens sur quatorze, et c’est cette dérogation que le projet de loi vous propose de mettre en place.Comme vous le voyez, celui-ci est très clair : il donne la possibilité d’utiliser une dérogation dès lors qu’aucune alternative crédible n’existe. Permettez-moi de m’y arrêter quelques instants. Non, il n’existe pas aujourd’hui d’alternative crédible. Tout d’abord, les produits chimiques qui ont été utilisés au cours de l’hiver 2019-2020 ont également des impacts environnementaux et se sont révélés inefficaces. Ensuite, les méthodes agronomiques – la modification des écosystèmes pour favoriser les auxiliaires, l’évolution du parcellaire et des itinéraires techniques – nécessitent du temps pour être mises au point et déployées. Malgré les efforts de recherche déjà consentis, il est clair que cela prendra encore du temps. Car, qu’on le veuille ou non, dans la nature, faire pousser une haie, cela prend du temps. Dans le plan de relance, nous consacrerons d’ailleurs plus de 50 millions d’euros à favoriser la plantation de haies.Quant à la mise sous perfusion économique de la filière envisagée par certains, elle n’est pas non plus possible au regard de l’encadrement européen. Je le dis clairement, indemniser à 100 % la filière pour la mettre sous perfusion n’est pas possible ; les règles européennes sont très claires sur ce point."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
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   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
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   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208452",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 12,
   "text": "Vous pensez bien que si une alternative était sur la table, non seulement je ne serais pas là devant vous cet après-midi, mais je ne vous proposerais pas non plus de voter un texte de loi fondé sur l’article 53 du règlement européen qui, je le répète, n’autorise cette dérogation que « lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». Cela n’aurait aucun sens.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208452",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd2fbc633dd5e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous pensez bien que si une alternative était sur la table, non seulement je ne serais pas là devant vous cet après-midi, mais je ne vous proposerais pas non plus de voter un texte de loi fondé sur l’article 53 du règlement européen qui, je le répète, n’autorise cette dérogation que « lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». Cela n’aurait aucun sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208454",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 14,
   "text": "Plus précisément, ce projet de loi vise à réintroduire, comme c’est le cas pour tous les États membres et jusqu’en 2023 au maximum, la possibilité de recourir à cet article 53 du règlement européen et de solliciter des dérogations si la situation le nécessite. Ces dérogations pourront être accordées par arrêté conjoint du ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation et du ministre de la transition écologique.Ce texte s’inscrit aussi dans un plan plus global. D’abord, il faut s’assurer que nous pourrons sortir de l’impasse actuelle à l’horizon 2023. Pour cela, nous consacrerons 7 millions d’euros supplémentaires, mobilisés au travers d’un programme de recherche, public et privé, à accélérer l’identification d’alternatives véritablement efficaces…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208454",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne85815fdde57",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Plus précisément, ce projet de loi vise à réintroduire, comme c’est le cas pour tous les États membres et jusqu’en 2023 au maximum, la possibilité de recourir à cet article 53 du règlement européen et de solliciter des dérogations si la situation le nécessite. Ces dérogations pourront être accordées par arrêté conjoint du ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation et du ministre de la transition écologique.Ce texte s’inscrit aussi dans un plan plus global. D’abord, il faut s’assurer que nous pourrons sortir de l’impasse actuelle à l’horizon 2023. Pour cela, nous consacrerons 7 millions d’euros supplémentaires, mobilisés au travers d’un programme de recherche, public et privé, à accélérer l’identification d’alternatives véritablement efficaces…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209035",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209035"
   ],
   "order": 16,
   "text": "…et leur déploiement en conditions réelles. Cela passera par une combinaison de plusieurs avancées concernant la recherche variétale, le biocontrôle, mais aussi les pratiques agronomiques. Nous maintiendrons la pression sur les acteurs pour nous assurer que des solutions viables soient disponibles le plus rapidement possible.Ensuite, il faut limiter au maximum l’impact environnemental, notamment sur les insectes pollinisateurs. Notre position est claire, les dérogations ne doivent être accordées que pour la betterave sucrière, qui répond à deux spécificités : elle n’entre pas en floraison et la production de betterave est fortement liée à la pérennité de l’outil industriel.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209035",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N498bc1cdf388",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…et leur déploiement en conditions réelles. Cela passera par une combinaison de plusieurs avancées concernant la recherche variétale, le biocontrôle, mais aussi les pratiques agronomiques. Nous maintiendrons la pression sur les acteurs pour nous assurer que des solutions viables soient disponibles le plus rapidement possible.Ensuite, il faut limiter au maximum l’impact environnemental, notamment sur les insectes pollinisateurs. Notre position est claire, les dérogations ne doivent être accordées que pour la betterave sucrière, qui répond à deux spécificités : elle n’entre pas en floraison et la production de betterave est fortement liée à la pérennité de l’outil industriel."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208457",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2208457"
   ],
   "order": 18,
   "text": "Des engagements sont également demandés à la filière : la mise en place d’un plan de prévention à l’échelle des exploitations, la restriction de l’implantation de cultures attractives pour les abeilles après culture de la betterave, mais aussi la mise en place d’un plan « pollinisation » d’ici la fin de l’année avec comme objectif, notamment, la question de leur alimentation entre le mois de mars et l’été, car nous savons qu’il y a là un sujet important.Ces engagements ont été officialisés le 22 septembre dernier. L’INRAE – Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement –et l’ITB – Institut technique de la betterave – m’ont présenté leur plan de recherche d’alternatives opérationnelles contre la jaunisse de la betterave sucrière, et la filière betterave-sucre son plan d’action pour limiter les impacts.Ce projet de loi a été enrichi lors des nombreux échanges que nous avons eus en commission du développement durable, dont je salue l’ancienne et la nouvelle présidente, et en commission des affaires économiques, dont je salue le président. Je tenais à remercier chacun d’entre vous pour la qualité des travaux que nous avons menés ensemble et pour les avancées qu’ils ont permises.Vos rapporteurs, ainsi que certains d’entre vous, ont pu procéder à de nombreuses auditions. Les débats ont été nombreux et intenses en commission, mais surtout de très bon niveau ; ils ont été conduits dans l’écoute, le respect et la transparence.Trois avancées majeures ont pu être réalisées, de manière constructive, tout en respectant ce qui relève du domaine de la loi et ce qui doit rester du domaine réglementaire, afin que le dispositif demeure opérant.Ces avancées sont pour moi nécessaires, et je sais que nous aurons à nouveau des échanges à ce sujet. La première consiste en la création d’un conseil de surveillance incluant les parlementaires…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 299,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208457",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N04ec7166f1e2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Des engagements sont également demandés à la filière : la mise en place d’un plan de prévention à l’échelle des exploitations, la restriction de l’implantation de cultures attractives pour les abeilles après culture de la betterave, mais aussi la mise en place d’un plan « pollinisation » d’ici la fin de l’année avec comme objectif, notamment, la question de leur alimentation entre le mois de mars et l’été, car nous savons qu’il y a là un sujet important.Ces engagements ont été officialisés le 22 septembre dernier. L’INRAE – Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement –et l’ITB – Institut technique de la betterave – m’ont présenté leur plan de recherche d’alternatives opérationnelles contre la jaunisse de la betterave sucrière, et la filière betterave-sucre son plan d’action pour limiter les impacts.Ce projet de loi a été enrichi lors des nombreux échanges que nous avons eus en commission du développement durable, dont je salue l’ancienne et la nouvelle présidente, et en commission des affaires économiques, dont je salue le président. Je tenais à remercier chacun d’entre vous pour la qualité des travaux que nous avons menés ensemble et pour les avancées qu’ils ont permises.Vos rapporteurs, ainsi que certains d’entre vous, ont pu procéder à de nombreuses auditions. Les débats ont été nombreux et intenses en commission, mais surtout de très bon niveau ; ils ont été conduits dans l’écoute, le respect et la transparence.Trois avancées majeures ont pu être réalisées, de manière constructive, tout en respectant ce qui relève du domaine de la loi et ce qui doit rester du domaine réglementaire, afin que le dispositif demeure opérant.Ces avancées sont pour moi nécessaires, et je sais que nous aurons à nouveau des échanges à ce sujet. La première consiste en la création d’un conseil de surveillance incluant les parlementaires…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209038",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209038"
   ],
   "order": 22,
   "text": "La deuxième concerne l’interdiction de semer des cultures attractives de pollinisateurs après l’usage de substances néonicotinoïdes, afin de réduire l’exposition des insectes, et la troisième l’inscription du terme « betteraves sucrières » non seulement dans le titre du projet de loi, mais aussi dans le corps de la loi, avec les interrogations juridiques que cela emporte et dont nous avons déjà beaucoup parlé.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209038",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N246bb0bb80b8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La deuxième concerne l’interdiction de semer des cultures attractives de pollinisateurs après l’usage de substances néonicotinoïdes, afin de réduire l’exposition des insectes, et la troisième l’inscription du terme « betteraves sucrières » non seulement dans le titre du projet de loi, mais aussi dans le corps de la loi, avec les interrogations juridiques que cela emporte et dont nous avons déjà beaucoup parlé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208466",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2208466"
   ],
   "order": 24,
   "text": "Mesdames et messieurs les députés, j’aborde ce débat avec la conviction que les échanges constructifs que nous avons eus en commission pourront se poursuivre dans la même sérénité et la même volonté d’écoute dans cet hémicycle. C’est un texte difficile, un texte important, un texte qui ne veut pas opposer économie et écologie mais qui appelle à la souveraineté – la souveraineté d’une filière qui a besoin de vivre si nous souhaitons continuer à la transformer pour qu’elle puisse, dans la durée, être un fleuron de l’agriculture française. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem, ainsi que sur de nombreux bancs du groupe LR. – M. Charles de Courson applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2208466",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N99f969a29a47",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mesdames et messieurs les députés, j’aborde ce débat avec la conviction que les échanges constructifs que nous avons eus en commission pourront se poursuivre dans la même sérénité et la même volonté d’écoute dans cet hémicycle. C’est un texte difficile, un texte important, un texte qui ne veut pas opposer économie et écologie mais qui appelle à la souveraineté – la souveraineté d’une filière qui a besoin de vivre si nous souhaitons continuer à la transformer pour qu’elle puisse, dans la durée, être un fleuron de l’agriculture française. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem, ainsi que sur de nombreux bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur de la commission des affaires économiques",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209089",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209089"
   ],
   "order": 26,
   "text": "Non, nous ne devrions pas être là aujourd’hui… Non pas qu’être avec vous en ce lundi d’octobre me soit désagréable, mais plutôt parce que des décisions passées nous ont amenés à nous retrouver ici. Ces mots, chers collègues, je les ai utilisés à chaque audition que j’ai menée, que ce soit devant les organisations syndicales, devant les associations, devant les représentants de la filière ou devant les ministres de l’écologie et de l’agriculture ; ces mots, je les ai prononcés à chaque visite sur le terrain – parce que le terrain, c’est la bonne école pour appréhender la détresse du monde agricole, et plus spécialement, aujourd’hui, celle des planteurs de betteraves. En réponse à ces mots, un seul constat : nous sommes face à une impasse technique émanant de dérives passées aux torts partagés ; une seule solution : un projet de loi qui remettra tout le monde dans le droit chemin. Cette dérive, nombreux sont ceux qui n’ont pas su la gérer par le passé –⁠ chacun en portera sa part de responsabilité. Je n’aurai de cesse de le répéter, mais la transition agroécologique, c’est rendre cohérent le temps politique, le temps de la science, le temps de l’agriculture et la loi de la nature. L’analyse du passé ne résoudra pas seule la difficulté d’aujourd’hui, car nous sommes dans une forme d’impasse, confrontés à une crise sanitaire majeure. Tel est donc précisément l’objet de ce projet de loi : permettre une sortie des néonicotinoïdes rapide, sans sacrifier ni les filières, ni la protection de notre environnement.Je rappellerai d’abord ce qu’est ce texte, et surtout ce qu’il n’est pas.Ce projet de loi n’est ni une autorisation de mise sur le marché ni l’introduction d’un nouveau pesticide : ce projet de loi, c’est la fin des néonicotinoïdes. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes FI et EDS).",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 305,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209089",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N98473951b5b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Non, nous ne devrions pas être là aujourd’hui… Non pas qu’être avec vous en ce lundi d’octobre me soit désagréable, mais plutôt parce que des décisions passées nous ont amenés à nous retrouver ici. Ces mots, chers collègues, je les ai utilisés à chaque audition que j’ai menée, que ce soit devant les organisations syndicales, devant les associations, devant les représentants de la filière ou devant les ministres de l’écologie et de l’agriculture ; ces mots, je les ai prononcés à chaque visite sur le terrain – parce que le terrain, c’est la bonne école pour appréhender la détresse du monde agricole, et plus spécialement, aujourd’hui, celle des planteurs de betteraves. En réponse à ces mots, un seul constat : nous sommes face à une impasse technique émanant de dérives passées aux torts partagés ; une seule solution : un projet de loi qui remettra tout le monde dans le droit chemin. Cette dérive, nombreux sont ceux qui n’ont pas su la gérer par le passé –⁠ chacun en portera sa part de responsabilité. Je n’aurai de cesse de le répéter, mais la transition agroécologique, c’est rendre cohérent le temps politique, le temps de la science, le temps de l’agriculture et la loi de la nature. L’analyse du passé ne résoudra pas seule la difficulté d’aujourd’hui, car nous sommes dans une forme d’impasse, confrontés à une crise sanitaire majeure. Tel est donc précisément l’objet de ce projet de loi : permettre une sortie des néonicotinoïdes rapide, sans sacrifier ni les filières, ni la protection de notre environnement.Je rappellerai d’abord ce qu’est ce texte, et surtout ce qu’il n’est pas.Ce projet de loi n’est ni une autorisation de mise sur le marché ni l’introduction d’un nouveau pesticide : ce projet de loi, c’est la fin des néonicotinoïdes. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes FI et EDS)."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209120",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209120"
   ],
   "order": 28,
   "text": "Il faut que les choses soient claires pour tout le monde, et je le dis fermement : ce n’est pas un texte qui encourage l’agriculture française à revenir aux pesticides. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)La possibilité de dérogation que prévoit le texte est en effet très encadrée et nous avons encore renforcé cet encadrement en commission –⁠ j’y reviendrai. Nous nous devons de relever la ligne d’horizon en prenant et en encourageant toutes et tous le virage écologique, celui d’une agriculture durable et pérenne. Le projet de loi n’est aucunement en opposition avec cette vision de la société et les adaptations que nous, parlementaires, y introduirons n’en feront donc pas un chèque en blanc. Ce texte, c’est la garantie que dans trois ans, notre agriculture se focalisera sur la fin des néonicotinoïdes, la garantie que nous aurons toujours, dans nos territoires, des champs dans lesquels pousseront des betteraves qui alimenteront des sucreries. Il en va de notre souveraineté économique, de notre souveraineté alimentaire et de notre capacité à accélérer la transition agroécologique !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 175,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209120",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0ceeffd80c02",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut que les choses soient claires pour tout le monde, et je le dis fermement : ce n’est pas un texte qui encourage l’agriculture française à revenir aux pesticides. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)La possibilité de dérogation que prévoit le texte est en effet très encadrée et nous avons encore renforcé cet encadrement en commission –⁠ j’y reviendrai. Nous nous devons de relever la ligne d’horizon en prenant et en encourageant toutes et tous le virage écologique, celui d’une agriculture durable et pérenne. Le projet de loi n’est aucunement en opposition avec cette vision de la société et les adaptations que nous, parlementaires, y introduirons n’en feront donc pas un chèque en blanc. Ce texte, c’est la garantie que dans trois ans, notre agriculture se focalisera sur la fin des néonicotinoïdes, la garantie que nous aurons toujours, dans nos territoires, des champs dans lesquels pousseront des betteraves qui alimenteront des sucreries. Il en va de notre souveraineté économique, de notre souveraineté alimentaire et de notre capacité à accélérer la transition agroécologique !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209094",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209094"
   ],
   "order": 30,
   "text": "Ce texte ne constitue pas non plus une régression du droit de l’environnement : il s’inscrit dans le droit européen en vigueur et prolonge le régime d’interdiction qui est le nôtre depuis 2018, avec des possibilités d’y déroger strictement encadrées. D’un point de vue social, il s’agit surtout de ne pas tuer des exploitations betteravières et de ne pas mettre au chômage des femmes et des hommes qui travaillent dur depuis des années dans l’espoir de transmettre leur exploitation aux générations suivantes. Mes chers collègues, ce n’est pas un texte qui vient d’en haut, mais un texte qui émane d’une demande de nos territoires ruraux. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR. – M. Sylvain Maillard et M. Bruno Millienne applaudissent également.) Enfin, le débat autour de ce texte n’est en aucun cas un affrontement entre pro-néonicotinoïdes et anti-néonicotinoïdes, pour la simple et bonne raison que personne, le ministre de l’agriculture vient encore de le rappeler, n’est pro-néonicotinoïdes,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 158,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209094",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N894472481fff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte ne constitue pas non plus une régression du droit de l’environnement : il s’inscrit dans le droit européen en vigueur et prolonge le régime d’interdiction qui est le nôtre depuis 2018, avec des possibilités d’y déroger strictement encadrées. D’un point de vue social, il s’agit surtout de ne pas tuer des exploitations betteravières et de ne pas mettre au chômage des femmes et des hommes qui travaillent dur depuis des années dans l’espoir de transmettre leur exploitation aux générations suivantes. Mes chers collègues, ce n’est pas un texte qui vient d’en haut, mais un texte qui émane d’une demande de nos territoires ruraux. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.) Enfin, le débat autour de ce texte n’est en aucun cas un affrontement entre pro-néonicotinoïdes et anti-néonicotinoïdes, pour la simple et bonne raison que personne, le ministre de l’agriculture vient encore de le rappeler, n’est pro-néonicotinoïdes,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209096",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209096"
   ],
   "order": 32,
   "text": "…que personne ne nie les dangers attachés à ces substances – ni le Gouvernement, ni moi-même. J’ai d’ailleurs, dans mon rapport, exposé avec beaucoup de sincérité ces risques et cité les études scientifiques de référence sur le sujet. Les acteurs de la filière non plus ne considèrent pas les néonicotinoïdes comme une solution durable ; tous ont le désir d’en sortir. Ces recours aux néonicotinoïdes sont une solution d’urgence, le seul moyen de faire face à une situation intenable pour la filière betterave-sucre.Une question que nous devons nous poser : souhaitons-nous conserver notre place de leader européen ou, au nom d’un certain dogmatisme, la laisser aux autres…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 107,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209096",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N212cf4ddfeb2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…que personne ne nie les dangers attachés à ces substances – ni le Gouvernement, ni moi-même. J’ai d’ailleurs, dans mon rapport, exposé avec beaucoup de sincérité ces risques et cité les études scientifiques de référence sur le sujet. Les acteurs de la filière non plus ne considèrent pas les néonicotinoïdes comme une solution durable ; tous ont le désir d’en sortir. Ces recours aux néonicotinoïdes sont une solution d’urgence, le seul moyen de faire face à une situation intenable pour la filière betterave-sucre.Une question que nous devons nous poser : souhaitons-nous conserver notre place de leader européen ou, au nom d’un certain dogmatisme, la laisser aux autres…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209122",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209122"
   ],
   "order": 34,
   "text": "…pour ensuite compenser cette perte de leadership par l’importation de sucre étranger qui ne respecte pas nos propres normes ? L’égoïsme écologique du « plus vert que vert chez moi, et tant pis pour les autres » ne résoudra pas les problèmes en profondeur. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)Ce texte répond ainsi à deux objectifs que je souhaite rappeler.Premièrement, il s’agit de sécuriser la production française de sucre, qui a dans nos territoires, en particulier ruraux, une importance économique réelle et qui contribue à la souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique française. Aujourd’hui, du fait d’un hiver exceptionnellement doux, certaines régions ont subi des attaques massives de pucerons verts qui ont transmis aux plantes le virus de la jaunisse. J’emploie le singulier, mais il y a en fait quatre virus différents, ce qui complique bien évidemment considérablement la recherche. Cette jaunisse empêche la photosynthèse et le développement normal des betteraves et va entraîner de très fortes pertes de rendement. Dans les régions les plus touchées, ces pertes de rendement seront considérables, avec pour conséquence des pertes de revenu, mais aussi le risque que les agriculteurs renoncent à planter des betteraves pour la prochaine campagne. Or si la production française de betteraves diminue, les sucreries ne disposeront plus de la matière première dont elles ont besoin pour produire et être rentables, ce qui signifiera à court terme des fermetures d’usines, donc des suppressions d’emplois,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 233,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209122",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N41f4d3270393",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…pour ensuite compenser cette perte de leadership par l’importation de sucre étranger qui ne respecte pas nos propres normes ? L’égoïsme écologique du « plus vert que vert chez moi, et tant pis pour les autres » ne résoudra pas les problèmes en profondeur. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Ce texte répond ainsi à deux objectifs que je souhaite rappeler.Premièrement, il s’agit de sécuriser la production française de sucre, qui a dans nos territoires, en particulier ruraux, une importance économique réelle et qui contribue à la souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique française. Aujourd’hui, du fait d’un hiver exceptionnellement doux, certaines régions ont subi des attaques massives de pucerons verts qui ont transmis aux plantes le virus de la jaunisse. J’emploie le singulier, mais il y a en fait quatre virus différents, ce qui complique bien évidemment considérablement la recherche. Cette jaunisse empêche la photosynthèse et le développement normal des betteraves et va entraîner de très fortes pertes de rendement. Dans les régions les plus touchées, ces pertes de rendement seront considérables, avec pour conséquence des pertes de revenu, mais aussi le risque que les agriculteurs renoncent à planter des betteraves pour la prochaine campagne. Or si la production française de betteraves diminue, les sucreries ne disposeront plus de la matière première dont elles ont besoin pour produire et être rentables, ce qui signifiera à court terme des fermetures d’usines, donc des suppressions d’emplois,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209101",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209101"
   ],
   "order": 36,
   "text": "…mais aussi un amoindrissement de notre souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique.Le second objectif, c’est d’accompagner la transition de la filière betterave-sucre pour la sauvegarder. Le texte s’inscrit en effet dans le cadre d’un plan d’action plus large destiné à assurer la pérennité et la durabilité de la filière. Ce plan prévoit notamment la mise en œuvre par les professionnels de plans de prévention des infestations par les ravageurs, le renforcement des efforts de recherche grâce à 5 millions d’euros supplémentaires mobilisables dès 2021, une indemnisation des pertes les plus importantes résultant de la jaunisse au cours de la campagne 2020 et des engagements des industriels sur la pérennisation de la filière sucre. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le texte propose un dispositif simple de dérogations, strictement limité et encadré au niveau tant européen que français. L’article unique du texte du Gouvernement permet ainsi, jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023, au ministre de l’agriculture et au ministre de l’écologie d’octroyer par arrêté des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utiliser des produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes. Je rappelle les conditions strictes de délivrance de ces dérogations : l’autorisation de déroger ne pourra excéder 120 jours et la mise sur le marché sera destinée à un usage limité et contrôlé ; elle ne pourra intervenir qu’en cas de danger ne pouvant être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables. Nous avons renforcé ces garanties en commission en créant un conseil de surveillance aux prérogatives de suivi et de contrôle étendues et à la composition suffisamment large pour permettre l’expression de tous les acteurs. Nous allons aujourd’hui, je l’espère, renforcer encore le rôle essentiel de ce conseil. De plus, nous avons choisi, à l’initiative de la commission saisie pour avis –⁠ dont je salue la rapporteure, Mme O’Petit –, de limiter expressément le champ de cette possibilité de dérogation au seul traitement des semences de betteraves sucrières.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 305,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209101",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na0ae19559482",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…mais aussi un amoindrissement de notre souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique.Le second objectif, c’est d’accompagner la transition de la filière betterave-sucre pour la sauvegarder. Le texte s’inscrit en effet dans le cadre d’un plan d’action plus large destiné à assurer la pérennité et la durabilité de la filière. Ce plan prévoit notamment la mise en œuvre par les professionnels de plans de prévention des infestations par les ravageurs, le renforcement des efforts de recherche grâce à 5 millions d’euros supplémentaires mobilisables dès 2021, une indemnisation des pertes les plus importantes résultant de la jaunisse au cours de la campagne 2020 et des engagements des industriels sur la pérennisation de la filière sucre. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le texte propose un dispositif simple de dérogations, strictement limité et encadré au niveau tant européen que français. L’article unique du texte du Gouvernement permet ainsi, jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023, au ministre de l’agriculture et au ministre de l’écologie d’octroyer par arrêté des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utiliser des produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes. Je rappelle les conditions strictes de délivrance de ces dérogations : l’autorisation de déroger ne pourra excéder 120 jours et la mise sur le marché sera destinée à un usage limité et contrôlé ; elle ne pourra intervenir qu’en cas de danger ne pouvant être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables. Nous avons renforcé ces garanties en commission en créant un conseil de surveillance aux prérogatives de suivi et de contrôle étendues et à la composition suffisamment large pour permettre l’expression de tous les acteurs. Nous allons aujourd’hui, je l’espère, renforcer encore le rôle essentiel de ce conseil. De plus, nous avons choisi, à l’initiative de la commission saisie pour avis –⁠ dont je salue la rapporteure, Mme O’Petit –, de limiter expressément le champ de cette possibilité de dérogation au seul traitement des semences de betteraves sucrières."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209104",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209104"
   ],
   "order": 38,
   "text": "Demeure la question suivante : comment pouvons-nous améliorer encore ce dispositif en renforçant les garanties déjà offertes par le texte ? Vos amendements seront bien évidemment autant d’occasions d’en discuter.Je conclurai en évoquant les alternatives. Auditionné par notre commission, Christian Huyghe, directeur scientifique Agriculture de l’INRAE, a tenu à rappeler que la sortie des néonicotinoïdes ne passerait pas par une solution unique mais par la combinaison de plusieurs évolutions, certaines d’entre elles relevant d’un changement de pratiques culturales et de culture au sens plus large, ce qui doit conduire à repenser la question des équilibres au sein des parcelles en favorisant l’installation d’auxiliaires naturels, prédateurs des pucerons, via l’implantation de bandes enherbées ou de haies. Il nous a ainsi rappelé la nécessité de remettre de la complexité dans les parcelles.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 130,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209104",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2444d3b7504a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Demeure la question suivante : comment pouvons-nous améliorer encore ce dispositif en renforçant les garanties déjà offertes par le texte ? Vos amendements seront bien évidemment autant d’occasions d’en discuter.Je conclurai en évoquant les alternatives. Auditionné par notre commission, Christian Huyghe, directeur scientifique Agriculture de l’INRAE, a tenu à rappeler que la sortie des néonicotinoïdes ne passerait pas par une solution unique mais par la combinaison de plusieurs évolutions, certaines d’entre elles relevant d’un changement de pratiques culturales et de culture au sens plus large, ce qui doit conduire à repenser la question des équilibres au sein des parcelles en favorisant l’installation d’auxiliaires naturels, prédateurs des pucerons, via l’implantation de bandes enherbées ou de haies. Il nous a ainsi rappelé la nécessité de remettre de la complexité dans les parcelles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209124",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209124"
   ],
   "order": 40,
   "text": "C’est cette complexité que je vous invite toutes et tous à assumer aujourd’hui dans le cadre de nos échanges, car je suis convaincu que la situation à laquelle nous faisons face ne trouvera de solution apaisée que par le dialogue, le respect mutuel et le refus des positions dogmatiques. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR. – M. Charles de Courson applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209124",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf89e761a88dc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est cette complexité que je vous invite toutes et tous à assumer aujourd’hui dans le cadre de nos échanges, car je suis convaincu que la situation à laquelle nous faisons face ne trouvera de solution apaisée que par le dialogue, le respect mutuel et le refus des positions dogmatiques. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209108",
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   "order": 43,
   "text": "Je n’ai pas l’intention, dans cette motion de rejet, de montrer du doigt tel ou tel. Ce n’est pas mon sujet. Je tiens à vous dire que, plus qu’une erreur, c’est une faute qui va se commettre. Le ministre a dit, à juste titre, que le temps était le matériau le plus délicat à manier et que dorénavant, en politique, il était difficile de penser quoi que ce soit sans intégrer ce paramètre. Le temps est un produit social : il sera ce que nous en faisons. Si bien, monsieur le ministre, que la question qui se pose aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas la quantité de néonicotinoïdes qui sera déversée, mais la conséquence que cela aura sur le temps moyen et sur le temps long. Et cette conséquence sera désastreuse. Tout le monde doit regarder cette difficulté en face – aussi bien nous, parlementaires, que les agriculteurs qui cultivent la betterave et les salariés et les autres travailleurs des usines qui la transforment en sucre.Je veux vous dire assez tranquillement que la betterave française –⁠ pour peu qu’elle sache qu’elle a une nationalité – n’est pas malade de préoccupations écologiques, mais d’un fait social : le libre-échange. Quand il y avait des quotas, les agriculteurs savaient quelles quantités ils pouvaient produire et ne cherchaient par conséquent pas à produire davantage ; quand il y avait des quotas, il y avait des prix garantis, et notamment des prix planchers, qui leur permettaient de savoir combien ils seraient payés pour leur travail même en cas de retournement de tendance. Et tout cela a été abrogé au profit du libre-échange. Certes, les Français ne sont pas les plus mal placés, puisqu’ils se situent au deuxième rang mondial en termes de production. Par conséquent, la betterave n’est pas insuffisamment produite dans notre pays. Mais c’est à nous de nous interroger, comme sur l’ensemble des problèmes qui nous sont posés aujourd’hui, non pas sur les betteraves mais sur les êtres humains et sur la biodiversité ! Il faut savoir que 80 % de ce qui sera mis sur ces plantes ira directement dans le sol, et que les 20 % restants finiront par se retrouver dans les produits consommés, générant les difficultés humaines que dorénavant plus personne ne nie – pas même vous, monsieur le ministre, ni le rapporteur. Nous savons que ces produits sont 7 000 fois plus dangereux que le DDT, interdit depuis plus de cinquante ans, et qu’il en résulte des maladies abominables, telles que l’absence de cerveau chez certains enfants, l’autisme, les maladies cardiaques, etc. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)1 200 études vont dans le même sens, et le résumé qui en a été fait ne l’a pas été par quelque malveillant français, quelque écologiste excessif, mais par une revue scientifique nord-américaine. Nous ne pouvons pas passer à côté de ces études.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
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   "article_id": "",
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   "amendments": [],
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   "words": 472,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "annotation_id": "N984545071f1f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je n’ai pas l’intention, dans cette motion de rejet, de montrer du doigt tel ou tel. Ce n’est pas mon sujet. Je tiens à vous dire que, plus qu’une erreur, c’est une faute qui va se commettre. Le ministre a dit, à juste titre, que le temps était le matériau le plus délicat à manier et que dorénavant, en politique, il était difficile de penser quoi que ce soit sans intégrer ce paramètre. Le temps est un produit social : il sera ce que nous en faisons. Si bien, monsieur le ministre, que la question qui se pose aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas la quantité de néonicotinoïdes qui sera déversée, mais la conséquence que cela aura sur le temps moyen et sur le temps long. Et cette conséquence sera désastreuse. Tout le monde doit regarder cette difficulté en face – aussi bien nous, parlementaires, que les agriculteurs qui cultivent la betterave et les salariés et les autres travailleurs des usines qui la transforment en sucre.Je veux vous dire assez tranquillement que la betterave française –⁠ pour peu qu’elle sache qu’elle a une nationalité – n’est pas malade de préoccupations écologiques, mais d’un fait social : le libre-échange. Quand il y avait des quotas, les agriculteurs savaient quelles quantités ils pouvaient produire et ne cherchaient par conséquent pas à produire davantage ; quand il y avait des quotas, il y avait des prix garantis, et notamment des prix planchers, qui leur permettaient de savoir combien ils seraient payés pour leur travail même en cas de retournement de tendance. Et tout cela a été abrogé au profit du libre-échange. Certes, les Français ne sont pas les plus mal placés, puisqu’ils se situent au deuxième rang mondial en termes de production. Par conséquent, la betterave n’est pas insuffisamment produite dans notre pays. Mais c’est à nous de nous interroger, comme sur l’ensemble des problèmes qui nous sont posés aujourd’hui, non pas sur les betteraves mais sur les êtres humains et sur la biodiversité ! Il faut savoir que 80 % de ce qui sera mis sur ces plantes ira directement dans le sol, et que les 20 % restants finiront par se retrouver dans les produits consommés, générant les difficultés humaines que dorénavant plus personne ne nie – pas même vous, monsieur le ministre, ni le rapporteur. Nous savons que ces produits sont 7 000 fois plus dangereux que le DDT, interdit depuis plus de cinquante ans, et qu’il en résulte des maladies abominables, telles que l’absence de cerveau chez certains enfants, l’autisme, les maladies cardiaques, etc. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)1 200 études vont dans le même sens, et le résumé qui en a été fait ne l’a pas été par quelque malveillant français, quelque [GROUPE] excessif, mais par une revue scientifique nord-américaine. Nous ne pouvons pas passer à côté de ces études."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209113",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 45,
   "text": "Nous allons donc, en pleine connaissance de cause, décider quelque chose de dangereux pour nos semblables, pour nos enfants et nos petits-enfants. C’est de cela que je voudrais qu’on prenne la mesure pour savoir ce que l’on est prêt à sacrifier ou à admettre.Et interrogeons les usages du sucre, mes chers collègues, ne faisons pas comme si le problème ne se posait pas ! 10 % seulement du sucre est utilisé pour sucrer qui son café, qui son thé… tout le reste passe dans l’agroalimentaire ! Vous savez bien tous, pour l’avoir étudié en commission, que désormais, l’appétence au sucre est devenue une addiction morbide qui produit des maladies alors que, pendant des millénaires, les êtres humains qui parvenaient à s’en procurer y gagnaient en énergie et en survie. Dorénavant, ils perdent en longévité, chopent des maladies telles que le diabète, etc.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 142,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209113",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne75713a27cbe",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous allons donc, en pleine connaissance de cause, décider quelque chose de dangereux pour nos semblables, pour nos enfants et nos petits-enfants. C’est de cela que je voudrais qu’on prenne la mesure pour savoir ce que l’on est prêt à sacrifier ou à admettre.Et interrogeons les usages du sucre, mes chers collègues, ne faisons pas comme si le problème ne se posait pas ! 10 % seulement du sucre est utilisé pour sucrer qui son café, qui son thé… tout le reste passe dans l’agroalimentaire ! Vous savez bien tous, pour l’avoir étudié en commission, que désormais, l’appétence au sucre est devenue une addiction morbide qui produit des maladies alors que, pendant des millénaires, les êtres humains qui parvenaient à s’en procurer y gagnaient en énergie et en survie. Dorénavant, ils perdent en longévité, chopent des maladies telles que le diabète, etc."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209116",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209116"
   ],
   "order": 47,
   "text": "Nous devons publiquement nous interroger sur les usages que nos concitoyens font des différents produits ! Voilà le vrai courage en politique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe FI et EDS.) On produit des betteraves en France… voici que des pucerons verts les mettent à mal. Dont acte. Quelles pertes de production notre pays est-il capable d’encaisser ? Voilà la question à poser ! Et que faisons-nous pour aider alors les salariés des sucreries et les paysans qui cultivent ces betteraves ? Voilà la question à se poser !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209116",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N802c4c96e0d3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous devons publiquement nous interroger sur les usages que nos concitoyens font des différents produits ! Voilà le vrai courage en politique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe FI et EDS.) On produit des betteraves en France… voici que des pucerons verts les mettent à mal. Dont acte. Quelles pertes de production notre pays est-il capable d’encaisser ? Voilà la question à poser ! Et que faisons-nous pour aider alors les salariés des sucreries et les paysans qui cultivent ces betteraves ? Voilà la question à se poser !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209118",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209118"
   ],
   "order": 49,
   "text": "C’est beaucoup plus simple de raisonner ainsi que de suivre la logique inverse, c’est-à-dire de répandre partout des produits qui nous empoisonnent et ensuite d’essayer d’en réparer les conséquences à la fois désastreuses et innombrables.J’ai évoqué les êtres humains, mais comme de nos jours il ne faut parler que d’économie, c’est ce que je vais essayer de faire. Tout ce que l’on met sur ces plantes s’en va ensuite dans le sol et tue tout ce qui est vivant, tous ces animaux, vers de terre et petites bêtes de toutes sortes qui creusent, fouissent et aèrent la terre, lui permettant de devenir une éponge qui empêche ces énormes cascades de boues de se former dès qu’il pleut plus que d’habitude. Et il pleuvra dorénavant partout plus qu’auparavant.L’an passé, des écoulements de boues ont touché des zones betteravières : on en observe partout. À l’inverse, chaque fois que l’on porte atteinte à la capacité des milieux terriens à absorber l’eau pour la restituer dans nos rivières à mesure que celles-ci voient leur crue descendre, cela donne des rivières à sec –⁠ tant et si bien que l’eau est un paramètre lié aux néonicotinoïdes.Demain, vous ne pourrez régler aucun problème, dans aucune de vos communes, sans vous poser d’abord la question de l’eau. Vous voulez construire un lotissement : y aura-t-il assez d’eau pour tout le monde ? Vous voulez réaliser des prises d’eau sur les nappes phréatiques ou sur les rivières : cette eau est-elle réellement potable ? Je pourrai multiplier les exemples.Ne traitons pas le problème seulement sous son angle le plus étroit –⁠ j’ose le dire –, celui qui s’impose à nous à cet instant, lorsque les pucerons verts viennent agresser les betteraves et qu’il s’en produit moins. S’il s’en produit moins, qu’importe, du moment que ceux qui les font pousser sont capables d’en vivre ?Vous évoquez la souveraineté de la France dans ce domaine. Mais cette question ne se pose nullement, puisque notre production est très largement excédentaire.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 330,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209118",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6bd3af6781ce",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est beaucoup plus simple de raisonner ainsi que de suivre la logique inverse, c’est-à-dire de répandre partout des produits qui nous empoisonnent et ensuite d’essayer d’en réparer les conséquences à la fois désastreuses et innombrables.J’ai évoqué les êtres humains, mais comme de nos jours il ne faut parler que d’économie, c’est ce que je vais essayer de faire. Tout ce que l’on met sur ces plantes s’en va ensuite dans le sol et tue tout ce qui est vivant, tous ces animaux, vers de terre et petites bêtes de toutes sortes qui creusent, fouissent et aèrent la terre, lui permettant de devenir une éponge qui empêche ces énormes cascades de boues de se former dès qu’il pleut plus que d’habitude. Et il pleuvra dorénavant partout plus qu’auparavant.L’an passé, des écoulements de boues ont touché des zones betteravières : on en observe partout. À l’inverse, chaque fois que l’on porte atteinte à la capacité des milieux terriens à absorber l’eau pour la restituer dans nos rivières à mesure que celles-ci voient leur crue descendre, cela donne des rivières à sec –⁠ tant et si bien que l’eau est un paramètre lié aux néonicotinoïdes.Demain, vous ne pourrez régler aucun problème, dans aucune de vos communes, sans vous poser d’abord la question de l’eau. Vous voulez construire un lotissement : y aura-t-il assez d’eau pour tout le monde ? Vous voulez réaliser des prises d’eau sur les nappes phréatiques ou sur les rivières : cette eau est-elle réellement potable ? Je pourrai multiplier les exemples.Ne traitons pas le problème seulement sous son angle le plus étroit –⁠ j’ose le dire –, celui qui s’impose à nous à cet instant, lorsque les pucerons verts viennent agresser les betteraves et qu’il s’en produit moins. S’il s’en produit moins, qu’importe, du moment que ceux qui les font pousser sont capables d’en vivre ?Vous évoquez la souveraineté de la France dans ce domaine. Mais cette question ne se pose nullement, puisque notre production est très largement excédentaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209242",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209242"
   ],
   "order": 51,
   "text": "Nous nous donnons en quelque sorte pour vocation de produire du sucre que nous vendrions aux autres, sans tenir aucun compte des conditions dans lesquelles nous assurons cette production et ces exportations. Vous rappelez-vous, chers collègues, comment, l’une après l’autre, sont mortes les productions agricoles qui semblaient autrefois absolument, invariablement présentes sur notre sol –⁠ comment la culture de la canne s’est effondrée dès qu’on a ouvert le marché de la canne à sucre ? Maintenant, on a ouvert le marché de la betterave !Chaque fois que vous ouvrirez un marché agricole, vous sombrerez dans une absurdité, parce que l’agriculture n’a rien à voir, dans ses modèles et dans son déroulement, avec l’accumulation capitaliste. Celle-ci ne sert à rien : l’agriculture est faite de stocks et de qualité des terres. Tout ce que vous jetez dans cette terre a réduit de moitié la fécondité des sols et leur capacité à produire au cours du XXè siècle –⁠ et sans cesse il vous faut les gorger de produits nouveaux fabriqués par une chimie qui détruit toujours plus, en amont comme en aval !Voilà la situation. Quant à ces pucerons, s’il y en a tant, c’est d’abord parce que les hivers sont plus doux. Naturellement, je ne ferai pas le grief au Gouvernement de la température qui règne. (« Merci ! » sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.) Je le pourrais, pourtant.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 230,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209242",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4435b33a381d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous donnons en quelque sorte pour vocation de produire du sucre que nous vendrions aux autres, sans tenir aucun compte des conditions dans lesquelles nous assurons cette production et ces exportations. Vous rappelez-vous, chers collègues, comment, l’une après l’autre, sont mortes les productions agricoles qui semblaient autrefois absolument, invariablement présentes sur notre sol –⁠ comment la culture de la canne s’est effondrée dès qu’on a ouvert le marché de la canne à sucre ? Maintenant, on a ouvert le marché de la betterave !Chaque fois que vous ouvrirez un marché agricole, vous sombrerez dans une absurdité, parce que l’agriculture n’a rien à voir, dans ses modèles et dans son déroulement, avec l’accumulation capitaliste. Celle-ci ne sert à rien : l’agriculture est faite de stocks et de qualité des terres. Tout ce que vous jetez dans cette terre a réduit de moitié la fécondité des sols et leur capacité à produire au cours du XXè siècle –⁠ et sans cesse il vous faut les gorger de produits nouveaux fabriqués par une chimie qui détruit toujours plus, en amont comme en aval !Voilà la situation. Quant à ces pucerons, s’il y en a tant, c’est d’abord parce que les hivers sont plus doux. Naturellement, je ne ferai pas le grief au Gouvernement de la température qui règne. (« Merci ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Je le pourrais, pourtant."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209297",
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   ],
   "order": 57,
   "text": "…quelques failles, quelque espace pour le raisonnement et la rationalité. Peut-être alors pourrez-vous entendre quelqu’un qui vous dit que la situation actuelle est le fruit d’un contexte qui est lui-même le résultat de l’activité humaine. Les hivers plus doux viennent du changement climatique, du réchauffement global qui se traduit différemment selon les zones et les régions du monde.Mais les difficultés présentes viennent aussi du fait que les bestioles qui nous occupent ont développé une plus grande résistance aux produits auxquels on les expose pour les faire mourir –⁠ c’est en général la loi de la vie : si vous mettez du contre, survivent ceux qui ont trouvé le pour. Voilà ce qui se passe avec les pucerons verts.Et puis, comme il n’y a plus de quotas et qu’on peut planter tant qu’on veut sur les surfaces qu’on veut, il se trouve que la zone dans laquelle ces pucerons peuvent trouver pitance s’est élargie. Je pense qu’il y a ici des députés qui viennent d’autres zones que celles où l’on cultive de la betterave. Écoutez-moi, mes chers collègues : si vous êtes d’accord pour dire qu’on peut produire ce qu’on veut, quand on veut, dans les quantités qu’on veut, et que là est la bonne norme en agriculture, alors ce que vous acceptez aujourd’hui pour les betteraves, vous devrez l’accepter demain pour le champagne ou pour le bordeaux, et ce alors même que les appellations contrôlées doivent strictement délimiter des quotas et des modes de production.Par conséquent, le sucre qui vient de la betterave française doit être exempt de pesticides. Il ne doit pas contribuer à empoisonner l’eau ni le sucre que nous allons manger les uns et les autres. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – M. Hubert Wulfranc applaudit également.) Là sera sa valeur ajoutée.Comment expliquez-vous que personne n’ait trouvé aucune idée pour se débarrasser de ces pucerons autrement qu’en utilisant ce produit si dangereux pour tout le monde ? Collègues, vous pouvez décider de soulager la filière betteravière à cet instant, dans les conditions d’un marché que vous ne discuterez pas. Il y a le libre-échange, continuons le libre-échange ! Il y a des règlements européens, conservons les règlements européens ! Et s’il faut utiliser les néonicotinoïdes qui empoisonnent nos enfants, nos terres et tout ce qui vit, nous verrons bien, plus tard, quelles conséquences cela aura ! Cette politique ne doit pas être celle du XXIè siècle.Je ne dis pas que vous êtes moins soucieux d’environnement que nous. J’affirme qu’il faut maintenant prendre à bras-le-corps la question de la bifurcation du mode de production dans lequel nous vivons, dans tous les domaines !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 437,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209297",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na45b53fe2423",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…quelques failles, quelque espace pour le raisonnement et la rationalité. Peut-être alors pourrez-vous entendre quelqu’un qui vous dit que la situation actuelle est le fruit d’un contexte qui est lui-même le résultat de l’activité humaine. Les hivers plus doux viennent du changement climatique, du réchauffement global qui se traduit différemment selon les zones et les régions du monde.Mais les difficultés présentes viennent aussi du fait que les bestioles qui nous occupent ont développé une plus grande résistance aux produits auxquels on les expose pour les faire mourir –⁠ c’est en général la loi de la vie : si vous mettez du contre, survivent ceux qui ont trouvé le pour. Voilà ce qui se passe avec les pucerons verts.Et puis, comme il n’y a plus de quotas et qu’on peut planter tant qu’on veut sur les surfaces qu’on veut, il se trouve que la zone dans laquelle ces pucerons peuvent trouver pitance s’est élargie. Je pense qu’il y a ici des députés qui viennent d’autres zones que celles où l’on cultive de la betterave. Écoutez-moi, mes chers collègues : si vous êtes d’accord pour dire qu’on peut produire ce qu’on veut, quand on veut, dans les quantités qu’on veut, et que là est la bonne norme en agriculture, alors ce que vous acceptez aujourd’hui pour les betteraves, vous devrez l’accepter demain pour le champagne ou pour le bordeaux, et ce alors même que les appellations contrôlées doivent strictement délimiter des quotas et des modes de production.Par conséquent, le sucre qui vient de la betterave française doit être exempt de pesticides. Il ne doit pas contribuer à empoisonner l’eau ni le sucre que nous allons manger les uns et les autres. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Là sera sa valeur ajoutée.Comment expliquez-vous que personne n’ait trouvé aucune idée pour se débarrasser de ces pucerons autrement qu’en utilisant ce produit si dangereux pour tout le monde ? Collègues, vous pouvez décider de soulager la filière betteravière à cet instant, dans les conditions d’un marché que vous ne discuterez pas. Il y a le libre-échange, continuons le libre-échange ! Il y a des règlements européens, conservons les règlements européens ! Et s’il faut utiliser les néonicotinoïdes qui empoisonnent nos enfants, nos terres et tout ce qui vit, nous verrons bien, plus tard, quelles conséquences cela aura ! Cette politique ne doit pas être celle du XXIè siècle.Je ne dis pas que vous êtes moins soucieux d’environnement que nous. J’affirme qu’il faut maintenant prendre à bras-le-corps la question de la bifurcation du mode de production dans lequel nous vivons, dans tous les domaines !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209255",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209255"
   ],
   "order": 59,
   "text": "Nous avons le droit de dire que la première préoccupation de la France n’est pas de produire des betteraves sucrières. Il en faut –⁠ il faut du sucre –, mais nous avons d’abord besoin de cultures vivrières, car ce sont ces productions qui nous permettront de retrouver notre souveraineté alimentaire.J’achève, parce que c’est le moment de le faire, en remarquant qu’autrefois, pour diluer un problème, on créait une commission, dont la durée des travaux servait d’enterrement au projet. Désormais, on interdit solennellement un produit, pour une durée donnée, et, quand arrive l’expiration de la durée, c’est l’interdiction qui expire ! Vous aurez beaucoup klaxonné pour annoncer l’interdiction. Vous klaxonnerez moins pour annoncer la réintroduction.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209255",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0b5bed281920",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons le droit de dire que la première préoccupation de la France n’est pas de produire des betteraves sucrières. Il en faut –⁠ il faut du sucre –, mais nous avons d’abord besoin de cultures vivrières, car ce sont ces productions qui nous permettront de retrouver notre souveraineté alimentaire.J’achève, parce que c’est le moment de le faire, en remarquant qu’autrefois, pour diluer un problème, on créait une commission, dont la durée des travaux servait d’enterrement au projet. Désormais, on interdit solennellement un produit, pour une durée donnée, et, quand arrive l’expiration de la durée, c’est l’interdiction qui expire ! Vous aurez beaucoup klaxonné pour annoncer l’interdiction. Vous klaxonnerez moins pour annoncer la réintroduction."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209258"
   ],
   "order": 61,
   "text": "Mais cette fois-ci, nous prenons les choses plus au sérieux. Monsieur le ministre –⁠ ce n’est pas votre personne que j’interpelle, mais un gouvernement, un système de décision –, votre collègue Barbara Pompili l’avait dit en 2016 : les études s’empilent.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209258",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf3b92c3bf4ee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mais cette fois-ci, nous prenons les choses plus au sérieux. Monsieur le ministre –⁠ ce n’est pas votre personne que j’interpelle, mais un gouvernement, un système de décision –, votre collègue [PERSONNE] l’avait dit en 2016 : les études s’empilent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA2150",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209260",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209260"
   ],
   "order": 63,
   "text": "On peut raconter ce qu’on veut, les néonicotinoïdes sont extrêmement dangereux. Vous le savez – vous le saviez déjà à l’époque.Dans ces conditions, nous sommes conduits, faute d’autres recours, et si vous n’admettez pas notre motion de rejet, à faire un signalement devant la Haute Cour, parce que c’est de sang-froid que des personnes seront mises en péril par cette décision. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes FI, GDR et SOC.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209260",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N137bffb6ff5b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On peut raconter ce qu’on veut, les néonicotinoïdes sont extrêmement dangereux. Vous le savez – vous le saviez déjà à l’époque.Dans ces conditions, nous sommes conduits, faute d’autres recours, et si vous n’admettez pas notre motion de rejet, à faire un signalement devant la Haute Cour, parce que c’est de sang-froid que des personnes seront mises en péril par cette décision. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes FI, [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209263",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209263"
   ],
   "order": 65,
   "text": "Ce dont je suis sûr, monsieur le président Mélenchon, c’est que vos propos d’estrade ne feront jamais pousser une betterave en France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.) Ce n’est pas le ministre de l’agriculture qui l’affirme, c’est l’ingénieur agronome.Le problème de votre conception de l’écologie –⁠ j’ai écouté vos propos avec une grande attention –, c’est qu’elle s’arrête aux frontières. Vous l’avez souligné à juste titre : la France ne s’arrêtera probablement pas de consommer du sucre dans deux ans. Mais le risque, c’est que le sucre que nous offrirons à nos enfants dans deux ans soit importé de pays moins-disants au plan environnemental. (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 128,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209263",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N53ffcc8d4888",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce dont je suis sûr, monsieur le président Mélenchon, c’est que vos propos d’estrade ne feront jamais pousser une betterave en France. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ce n’est pas le ministre de l’agriculture qui l’affirme, c’est l’ingénieur agronome.Le problème de votre conception de l’écologie –⁠ j’ai écouté vos propos avec une grande attention –, c’est qu’elle s’arrête aux frontières. Vous l’avez souligné à juste titre : la France ne s’arrêtera probablement pas de consommer du sucre dans deux ans. Mais le risque, c’est que le sucre que nous offrirons à nos enfants dans deux ans soit importé de pays moins-disants au plan environnemental. (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209266"
   ],
   "order": 67,
   "text": "Cette écologie, qui consiste à se figer pour des raisons qui relèvent uniquement de la conscience, sans jamais s’interroger sur les conséquences de ce raidissement dans la réalité –⁠ en l’occurrence, l’importation de sucre moins-disant en matière environnementale – ne peut pas emporter l’adhésion du peuple français : il est faux de prétendre cela ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Nous avons une divergence fondamentale : vous l’avez dit –⁠ et je respecte à la fois vos propos, ce que vous représentez…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209266",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N97a52178968c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cette écologie, qui consiste à se figer pour des raisons qui relèvent uniquement de la conscience, sans jamais s’interroger sur les conséquences de ce raidissement dans la réalité –⁠ en l’occurrence, l’importation de sucre moins-disant en matière environnementale – ne peut pas emporter l’adhésion du peuple français : il est faux de prétendre cela ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – Protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Nous avons une divergence fondamentale : vous l’avez dit –⁠ et je respecte à la fois vos propos, ce que vous représentez…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209273",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209273"
   ],
   "order": 75,
   "text": "…mais elle a, aujourd’hui, besoin de passer le gué. Pour l’accompagner dans la transition écologique, on doit lui permettre de rester en vie. Voilà le sujet qui nous rassemble aujourd’hui.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209273",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na1218eecf34d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…mais elle a, aujourd’hui, besoin de passer le gué. Pour l’accompagner dans la transition écologique, on doit lui permettre de rester en vie. Voilà le sujet qui nous rassemble aujourd’hui."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209275",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209275"
   ],
   "order": 77,
   "text": "Nous avons une autre divergence de taille, monsieur le président Mélenchon. J’avoue avoir été très surpris par votre approche économique –⁠ mais je salue la cohérence qui caractérise votre groupe, car je crois que tous ses membres l’ont défendue au cours des réunions de la commission des affaires économiques –, qui consiste à dire que puisque la filière française du sucre exporte, il suffirait de lui demander d’arrêter d’exporter pour compenser les baisses de rendement. Quelle vision de l’économie les membres du groupe La France insoumise ont-ils donc ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209275",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N95dbb0ac52c6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons une autre divergence de taille, monsieur le président Mélenchon. J’avoue avoir été très surpris par votre approche économique –⁠ mais je salue la cohérence qui caractérise votre groupe, car je crois que tous ses membres l’ont défendue au cours des réunions de la commission des affaires économiques –, qui consiste à dire que puisque la filière française du sucre exporte, il suffirait de lui demander d’arrêter d’exporter pour compenser les baisses de rendement. Quelle vision de l’économie les membres du groupe [GROUPE] ont-ils donc ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209277",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209277"
   ],
   "order": 79,
   "text": "Quelle industrie fonctionne en cessant ses exportations ? Je vous propose une chose : rendons-nous ensemble dans un parking d’industrie automobile, allons voir les salariés de Renault et de Peugeot et proposons-leur d’arrêter d’exporter au nom de l’écologie.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209277",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1408423cbade",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quelle industrie fonctionne en cessant ses exportations ? Je vous propose une chose : rendons-nous ensemble dans un parking d’industrie automobile, allons voir les salariés de Renault et de Peugeot et proposons-leur d’arrêter d’exporter au nom de l’écologie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209304",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209304"
   ],
   "order": 84,
   "text": "De la même manière, je suis sûr que vous et vos amis serez les premiers, lorsque des sucreries fermeront, à demander ce qu’a fait le Gouvernement ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Et vous tiendrez à nouveau des propos d’estrade, qui ne feront pas non plus pousser de betteraves !Je terminerai en citant un grand auteur que vous respectez infiniment : « le courage, c’est d’aller à l’idéal et de comprendre le réel ».",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 85,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209304",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf63a98d2221e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "De la même manière, je suis sûr que vous et vos amis serez les premiers, lorsque des sucreries fermeront, à demander ce qu’a fait le Gouvernement ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Et vous tiendrez à nouveau des propos d’estrade, qui ne feront pas non plus pousser de betteraves !Je terminerai en citant un grand auteur que vous respectez infiniment : « le courage, c’est d’aller à l’idéal et de comprendre le réel »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209286",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209286"
   ],
   "order": 90,
   "text": "…il faut du temps. Le temps, vous l’avez souligné, est ce qu’il y a de plus difficile à maîtriser en politique. C’est encore plus difficile lorsqu’il s’agit de la nature, car si en politique le temps peut être compressé, il ne peut jamais l’être dans la nature. C’est ce qui rend la nature complexe. C’est aussi ce qui fait la beauté du vivant, mais c’est la difficulté à laquelle nous sommes confrontés. Allons tous vers cet idéal, mais jamais en reniant le réel ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et Agir ens, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 103,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209286",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf91062e204f5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…il faut du temps. Le temps, vous l’avez souligné, est ce qu’il y a de plus difficile à maîtriser en politique. C’est encore plus difficile lorsqu’il s’agit de la nature, car si en politique le temps peut être compressé, il ne peut jamais l’être dans la nature. C’est ce qui rend la nature complexe. C’est aussi ce qui fait la beauté du vivant, mais c’est la difficulté à laquelle nous sommes confrontés. Allons tous vers cet idéal, mais jamais en reniant le réel ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et Agir ens, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209289",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209289"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "Il y a presque soixante ans paraissait Printemps silencieux, l’un des ouvrages qui ont changé l’histoire du XXè siècle, écrit par une frêle femme qui se fit traiter de tous les noms. Relisez-le : il est d’une actualité extraordinaire. Certes, les pesticides ont changé de nom –⁠ le DDT ou dichlorodiphényltrichloroéthane, la dieldrine et l’aldrine ont fait place à l’imidaclopride, au thiaméthoxame et à la clothianidine –, mais les fondamentaux sont les mêmes : l’empoisonnement brut appliqué préventivement sans comprendre la subtilité des relations entre les êtres vivants ; les effets pervers de traitements pesticides trop efficaces, aboutissant à l’opposé du but initial ; l’empoisonnement qui, du champ aux nappes phréatiques, des insectes aux oiseaux, se généralise à tout le vivant ; les résistances acquises par les parasites ; et, déjà, la surproduction agricole et ses effets économiques mortifères et notre triste tendance à faire payer à l’environnement nos propres difficultés !(Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)Une fois la croisade contre le DDT gagnée, les néonicotinoïdes sont venus donner corps à certains des pires cauchemars de Rachel Carson. Bien plus toxiques, utilisés en enrobage, ce qui transforme toute la plante en poison et contamine durablement l’environnement, ils constituent l’emblème des mauvaises pratiques. La loi du 8 août 2016 qui les bannissait était un acquis pour l’environnement. Le Gouvernement s’en réjouissait à juste titre en 2018. Qu’est-ce qui justifierait, aujourd’hui, de revenir sur cet acquis ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 247,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209289",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4b4a02c74d6d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a presque soixante ans paraissait Printemps silencieux, l’un des ouvrages qui ont changé l’histoire du XXè siècle, écrit par une frêle femme qui se fit traiter de tous les noms. Relisez-le : il est d’une actualité extraordinaire. Certes, les pesticides ont changé de nom –⁠ le DDT ou dichlorodiphényltrichloroéthane, la dieldrine et l’aldrine ont fait place à l’imidaclopride, au thiaméthoxame et à la clothianidine –, mais les fondamentaux sont les mêmes : l’empoisonnement brut appliqué préventivement sans comprendre la subtilité des relations entre les êtres vivants ; les effets pervers de traitements pesticides trop efficaces, aboutissant à l’opposé du but initial ; l’empoisonnement qui, du champ aux nappes phréatiques, des insectes aux oiseaux, se généralise à tout le vivant ; les résistances acquises par les parasites ; et, déjà, la surproduction agricole et ses effets économiques mortifères et notre triste tendance à faire payer à l’environnement nos propres difficultés !(Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)Une fois la croisade contre le DDT gagnée, les néonicotinoïdes sont venus donner corps à certains des pires cauchemars de Rachel Carson. Bien plus toxiques, utilisés en enrobage, ce qui transforme toute la plante en poison et contamine durablement l’environnement, ils constituent l’emblème des mauvaises pratiques. La loi du 8 août 2016 qui les bannissait était un acquis pour l’environnement. Le Gouvernement s’en réjouissait à juste titre en 2018. Qu’est-ce qui justifierait, aujourd’hui, de revenir sur cet acquis ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209292",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209292"
   ],
   "order": 94,
   "text": "La raison en serait une possible baisse de production –⁠ estimée, aux dernières nouvelles, à 15 % par les professionnels du secteur eux-mêmes : un effondrement potentiel, nous dit-on ! Il s’agit en réalité d’une perte incertaine, à mettre en regard de deux certitudes.La première, c’est l’ampleur du cataclysme écologique en cours : les populations d’insectes se sont effondrées –⁠ jusqu’à 80 % de perte en vingt-cinq ans –, un désastre face auquel nous n’avons plus le temps de tergiverser.La seconde certitude, c’est la nécessité d’un changement de paradigme et du passage à l’agroécologie, pour la diversité des paysages et pour agir avec le vivant et non contre lui. Le Gouvernement lui-même en convient. Mais cette urgence ressortait déjà du livre de Rachel Carson, il y a soixante ans ! (M. Ugo Bernalicis applaudit.)Et vous prétendez qu’il faut revenir sur le vote de 2016 et attendre encore trois ans ? Une fois de plus, il s’agit de faire payer nos déboires économiques à l’environnement. Un jour, ce dernier réclamera son dû, et l’addition sera phénoménale –⁠ pas pour nous, mais pour nos enfants.Parce que ce projet de loi s’inscrit à contre-courant de l’histoire et du progrès, et parce que la motion de rejet préalable reflète nos propres convictions, le groupe Écologie démocratie solidarité votera pour le rejet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 234,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209292",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N624a6aec12a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "AR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La raison en serait une possible baisse de production –⁠ estimée, aux dernières nouvelles, à 15 % par les professionnels du secteur eux-mêmes : un effondrement potentiel, nous dit-on ! Il s’agit en réalité d’une perte incertaine, à mettre en regard de deux certitudes.La première, c’est l’ampleur du cataclysme écologique en cours : les populations d’insectes se sont effondrées –⁠ jusqu’à 80 % de perte en vingt-cinq ans –, un désastre face auquel nous n’avons plus le temps de tergiverser.La seconde certitude, c’est la nécessité d’un changement de paradigme et du passage à l’agroécologie, pour la diversité des paysages et pour agir avec le vivant et non contre lui. Le Gouvernement lui-même en convient. Mais cette urgence ressortait déjà du livre de Rachel Carson, il y a soixante ans ! (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Et vous prétendez qu’il faut revenir sur le vote de 2016 et attendre encore trois ans ? Une fois de plus, il s’agit de faire payer nos déboires économiques à l’environnement. Un jour, ce dernier réclamera son dû, et l’addition sera phénoménale –⁠ pas pour nous, mais pour nos enfants.Parce que ce projet de loi s’inscrit à contre-courant de l’histoire et du progrès, et parce que la motion de rejet préalable reflète nos propres convictions, le groupe [GROUPE] votera pour le rejet. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210178",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210178"
   ],
   "order": 96,
   "text": "Deux visions de la société s’affrontent aujourd’hui : l’une, dépourvue de tout sens des réalités (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes FI et EDS), sacrifie nos salariés et notre souveraineté alimentaire, l’autre, pragmatique, responsable, concilie la protection de l’environnement et de la biodiversité avec celle de tous les pans de notre économie et de notre agriculture.Voter cette motion de rejet préalable, ce serait faire mourir notre industrie sucrière…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210178",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8d15f1e3079f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Deux visions de la société s’affrontent aujourd’hui : l’une, dépourvue de tout sens des réalités (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes FI et EDS), sacrifie nos salariés et notre souveraineté alimentaire, l’autre, pragmatique, responsable, concilie la protection de l’environnement et de la biodiversité avec celle de tous les pans de notre économie et de notre agriculture.Voter cette motion de rejet préalable, ce serait faire mourir notre industrie sucrière…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210183",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210183"
   ],
   "order": 100,
   "text": "…des pays qui, eux, utilisent les néonicotinoïdes. Or le sucre est une des denrées essentielles de notre alimentation, mais aussi une composante de nombreux produits de première nécessité, y compris les médicaments. Ce serait créer du chômage dans des zones déjà peu favorisées, commettre un acte irresponsable et irréversible.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210183",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na0bd0061b7d1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…des pays qui, eux, utilisent les néonicotinoïdes. Or le sucre est une des denrées essentielles de notre alimentation, mais aussi une composante de nombreux produits de première nécessité, y compris les médicaments. Ce serait créer du chômage dans des zones déjà peu favorisées, commettre un acte irresponsable et irréversible."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210186",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210186"
   ],
   "order": 104,
   "text": "…que nous voulons réintroduire cette dérogation : nous sommes conscients que l’avenir n’est pas aux pesticides. Nous défendons tous avec une volonté farouche une transition verte vers une agriculture vertueuse. Mais nous regardons la réalité en face : depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes il y a deux ans, les plantes sont victimes des attaques de pucerons et de la jaunisse. Les surfaces plantées ont diminué. Cette dérogation n’est toutefois pas un chèque en blanc, car un comité de suivi assurera un contrôle des engagements pris par les planteurs.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210186",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7ba77feb4d62",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…que nous voulons réintroduire cette dérogation : nous sommes conscients que l’avenir n’est pas aux pesticides. Nous défendons tous avec une volonté farouche une transition verte vers une agriculture vertueuse. Mais nous regardons la réalité en face : depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes il y a deux ans, les plantes sont victimes des attaques de pucerons et de la jaunisse. Les surfaces plantées ont diminué. Cette dérogation n’est toutefois pas un chèque en blanc, car un comité de suivi assurera un contrôle des engagements pris par les planteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210188",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210188"
   ],
   "order": 106,
   "text": "C’est en pleine conscience, en pleine responsabilité et après avoir mesuré les impacts et étudié toutes les solutions alternatives que nous soutenons ce projet de loi. Voilà pourquoi le groupe La République en marche votera contre cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et Agir ens.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210188",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncb2f2afc7960",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est en pleine conscience, en pleine responsabilité et après avoir mesuré les impacts et étudié toutes les solutions alternatives que nous soutenons ce projet de loi. Voilà pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] votera contre cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et Agir ens.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267450",
   "speaker": "Rémi Delatte",
   "quality": "M. Rémi Delatte",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210190",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210190"
   ],
   "order": 109,
   "text": "Non, monsieur Mélenchon, le soutien à ce projet de loi ne constitue pas une faute. Au vu des arguments que vous avancez, je comprends que vous ne comptez pas beaucoup de betteraviers et d’ouvriers sucriers dans votre circonscription…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210190",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf8b22bd19be5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Non, monsieur Mélenchon, le soutien à ce projet de loi ne constitue pas une faute. Au vu des arguments que vous avancez, je comprends que vous ne comptez pas beaucoup de betteraviers et d’ouvriers sucriers dans votre circonscription…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267450",
   "speaker": "Rémi Delatte",
   "quality": "M. Rémi Delatte",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210193",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210193"
   ],
   "order": 112,
   "text": "Oui, monsieur Mélenchon, le puceron vert est un prédateur, plus nuisible que vous ne le prétendez, qu’il ne faut pas négliger. Ce projet de loi est nécessaire car il vient sauver la filière betteravière, confrontée à une impasse agronomique. Face à celle-ci, seul le temps long apportera des réponses alternatives durables au recours aux néonicotinoïdes – solutions ô combien attendues par notre société dans son ensemble, bien sûr, mais également par la profession agricole.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210193",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c8431e45d8b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, monsieur Mélenchon, le puceron vert est un prédateur, plus nuisible que vous ne le prétendez, qu’il ne faut pas négliger. Ce projet de loi est nécessaire car il vient sauver la filière betteravière, confrontée à une impasse agronomique. Face à celle-ci, seul le temps long apportera des réponses alternatives durables au recours aux néonicotinoïdes – solutions ô combien attendues par notre société dans son ensemble, bien sûr, mais également par la profession agricole."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267450",
   "speaker": "Rémi Delatte",
   "quality": "M. Rémi Delatte",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210196",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210196"
   ],
   "order": 115,
   "text": "Notre ministre fait montre de courage. Or chacun sait qu’au service du bien, le courage est vertu. Monsieur le ministre, vous faites le pari de la science et du progrès. Tel est le sens des moyens considérables que vous consentez à travers le plan de relance pour accélérer les protocoles de recherche en la matière. Cet engagement est de nature tout à la fois à rassurer les consommateurs avides d’un abandon rapide des produits phytopharmaceutiques et à redonner espoir à nos betteraviers et sucriers confrontés au désespoir d’imaginer l’abandon de la filière sucrière, avec toutes ses conséquences sur l’emploi, sur l’économie et sur notre souveraineté alimentaire.Monsieur Mélenchon, contrairement à ce que vous assénez, ce projet de loi ne constitue donc ni un renoncement, ni un retour en arrière en matière de mutation agroécologique. Il est l’expression responsable de la réalité, entre le souhaitable et le possible. (« Bien sûr ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Je souhaite d’ailleurs que, loin des postures idéologiques, ce débat encourage les discussions bienveillantes là où il y a conflit pour établir une confiance réciproque, apaisée, durable et sincère entre nos paysans et les consommateurs, autour de l’idée responsable d’une alimentation choisie, saine et suffisante. Pour ces raisons, le groupe Les Républicains votera contre cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 230,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210196",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2a065a29ef39",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Notre ministre fait montre de courage. Or chacun sait qu’au service du bien, le courage est vertu. Monsieur le ministre, vous faites le pari de la science et du progrès. Tel est le sens des moyens considérables que vous consentez à travers le plan de relance pour accélérer les protocoles de recherche en la matière. Cet engagement est de nature tout à la fois à rassurer les consommateurs avides d’un abandon rapide des produits phytopharmaceutiques et à redonner espoir à nos betteraviers et sucriers confrontés au désespoir d’imaginer l’abandon de la filière sucrière, avec toutes ses conséquences sur l’emploi, sur l’économie et sur notre souveraineté alimentaire.Monsieur Mélenchon, contrairement à ce que vous assénez, ce projet de loi ne constitue donc ni un renoncement, ni un retour en arrière en matière de mutation agroécologique. Il est l’expression responsable de la réalité, entre le souhaitable et le possible. (« Bien sûr ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Je souhaite d’ailleurs que, loin des postures idéologiques, ce débat encourage les discussions bienveillantes là où il y a conflit pour établir une confiance réciproque, apaisée, durable et sincère entre nos paysans et les consommateurs, autour de l’idée responsable d’une alimentation choisie, saine et suffisante. Pour ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] votera contre cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210201",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210201"
   ],
   "order": 119,
   "text": "À propos d’un tel projet de loi, nous pourrions nous dire que personne ici n’est favorable aux néonicotinoides.Sans parler à sa place, j’ai même tendance à penser que notre nouveau ministre de l’agriculture n’avait pas envie que ce dossier soit le premier à figurer dans son agenda.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210201",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N712ce7591611",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "À propos d’un tel projet de loi, nous pourrions nous dire que personne ici n’est favorable aux néonicotinoides.Sans parler à sa place, j’ai même tendance à penser que notre nouveau ministre de l’agriculture n’avait pas envie que ce dossier soit le premier à figurer dans son agenda."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210204",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210204"
   ],
   "order": 121,
   "text": "Nous pourrions nous dire, sans forcément nous connaître les uns les autres, que nous sommes tous sensibles à l’effondrement des colonies d’abeilles, que personne n’est favorable à la disparition de la filière betteravière, ni à la substitution du sucre français par du sucre produit à l’étranger dans des conditions moins-disantes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210204",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N70109f2f1f96",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous pourrions nous dire, sans forcément nous connaître les uns les autres, que nous sommes tous sensibles à l’effondrement des colonies d’abeilles, que personne n’est favorable à la disparition de la filière betteravière, ni à la substitution du sucre français par du sucre produit à l’étranger dans des conditions moins-disantes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210206",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210206"
   ],
   "order": 123,
   "text": "Nous pourrions aussi nous dire qu’une décision très forte a été prise en 2016, mais que toutes ses conséquences à court terme n’avaient sans doute pas été mesurées, que les pouvoirs publics n’ont pas établi le suivi nécessaire…,",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210206",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8934b5b683b5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous pourrions aussi nous dire qu’une décision très forte a été prise en 2016, mais que toutes ses conséquences à court terme n’avaient sans doute pas été mesurées, que les pouvoirs publics n’ont pas établi le suivi nécessaire…,"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210208",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210208"
   ],
   "order": 125,
   "text": "…que la filière n’a peut-être pas suffisamment pris ses responsabilités sur ce sujet.Nous pourrions aussi nous dire qu’il n’est pas possible de faire évoluer les pratiques d’une filière si celle-ci n’existe plus dans deux ans. Trois ans, c’est certes trois ans de trop, mais c’est aussi très peu et personne n’imagine que nous aurons le même débat en 2023…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210208",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N39109437e6a9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…que la filière n’a peut-être pas suffisamment pris ses responsabilités sur ce sujet.Nous pourrions aussi nous dire qu’il n’est pas possible de faire évoluer les pratiques d’une filière si celle-ci n’existe plus dans deux ans. Trois ans, c’est certes trois ans de trop, mais c’est aussi très peu et personne n’imagine que nous aurons le même débat en 2023…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210211",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210211"
   ],
   "order": 127,
   "text": "Mais nous pourrions nous dire que, finalement, la réduction de 95 % des usages en quatre ans constitue tout de même un énorme progrès. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)Nous pourrions enfin nous dire qu’en jouant les gentils défenseurs de l’environnement face aux méchants agriculteurs pollueurs, on ne fait que renforcer les plus extrémistes de chaque camp –⁠ mais tel est peut-être le programme politique de certains –…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 69,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210211",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N81919d729a40",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mais nous pourrions nous dire que, finalement, la réduction de 95 % des usages en quatre ans constitue tout de même un énorme progrès. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Nous pourrions enfin nous dire qu’en jouant les gentils défenseurs de l’environnement face aux méchants agriculteurs pollueurs, on ne fait que renforcer les plus extrémistes de chaque camp –⁠ mais tel est peut-être le programme politique de certains –…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210216",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210216"
   ],
   "order": 131,
   "text": "…et l’évolution des pratiques agricoles, qui est plus à l’œuvre qu’on ne le pense.Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe MoDem et démocrates apparentés, qui souhaite aborder cette question de façon responsable et avec toute l’humilité nécessaire, votera contre cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, LaREM et Agir ens. – M. Charles de Courson applaudit aussi.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210216",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5cb63dd6bc32",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…et l’évolution des pratiques agricoles, qui est plus à l’œuvre qu’on ne le pense.Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] et démocrates apparentés, qui souhaite aborder cette question de façon responsable et avec toute l’humilité nécessaire, votera contre cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes Dem, [GROUPE] et Agir ens. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210219",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210219"
   ],
   "order": 133,
   "text": "En écoutant M. le ministre et M. le rapporteur, je repensais à cette phrase d’une personnalité qui, certes, ne se rattache pas à la même tradition politique que vous –⁠ n’y voyez pas un rapprochement éhonté : « Il n’y a pas d’alternative », avait lancé Margaret Thatcher, qui aurait pu ajouter : « Fermez le ban ! »Monsieur le ministre, vous avez cité Jaurès : « Le courage, c’est d’aller à l’idéal et de comprendre le réel. » Nous avons fait l’effort, humble –⁠ comme nous y a invités à l’instant le porte-parole du groupe centriste – de comprendre le réel et de chercher les voies qui permettent de concilier d’une part la performance économique d’une filière dont nous sommes fiers et qui doit prendre sa part dans la sécurité alimentaire française et dans le récit alimentaire mondial, d’autre part le respect de chaque travailleur de la terre, qu’il soit paysan, planteur ou travailleur des usines, et enfin le respect de la biodiversité, que nous pouvons considérer ensemble comme notre assurance-vie. Nous croyons profondément que c’est possible.Nous avons cherché les voies d’une solution alternative à la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes. Vous m’accorderez, monsieur le rapporteur, qu’il est pour le moins paradoxal d’affirmer –⁠ même si cela vous a valu des applaudissements – que cette loi prévoit la fin des néonicotinoïdes dans trois ans alors que cette interdiction, votée en 2016, est en vigueur depuis deux ans. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, FI et EDS.) Mais je ne souhaite pas ouvrir de controverse.Ayant pris conscience de la réalité telle qu’elle est, nous qui sommes tout aussi terriens et enracinés que vous –⁠ pas moins hors-sol, en tout cas –, nous avons pensé qu’un plan B conciliant des innovations de marché, des innovations sociales et économiques et des innovations agroécologiques permettrait de traverser ces trois ans de transition sans avoir recours aux néonicotinoïdes.C’est ce que nous ne cesserons de redire au cours de cette journée et de cette soirée de façon précise et responsable, sans caricature ni posture, sans jeter à aucun moment l’opprobre sur quiconque. Nous voulons tracer la voie d’une alternative quand vous affirmez qu’il n’en existe pas. Comme le disait Jaurès, cela passe par la justice, sans laquelle il n’y pas d’écologie. C’est par la solidarité et par l’innovation que nous pourrons traverser cette crise…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 388,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210219",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N02622c0e6048",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En écoutant M. le ministre et M. le rapporteur, je repensais à cette phrase d’une personnalité qui, certes, ne se rattache pas à la même tradition politique que vous –⁠ n’y voyez pas un rapprochement éhonté : « Il n’y a pas d’alternative », avait lancé Margaret Thatcher, qui aurait pu ajouter : « Fermez le ban ! »Monsieur le ministre, vous avez cité Jaurès : « Le courage, c’est d’aller à l’idéal et de comprendre le réel. » Nous avons fait l’effort, humble –⁠ comme nous y a invités à l’instant le porte-parole du groupe centriste – de comprendre le réel et de chercher les voies qui permettent de concilier d’une part la performance économique d’une filière dont nous sommes fiers et qui doit prendre sa part dans la sécurité alimentaire française et dans le récit alimentaire mondial, d’autre part le respect de chaque travailleur de la terre, qu’il soit paysan, planteur ou travailleur des usines, et enfin le respect de la biodiversité, que nous pouvons considérer ensemble comme notre assurance-vie. Nous croyons profondément que c’est possible.Nous avons cherché les voies d’une solution alternative à la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes. Vous m’accorderez, monsieur le rapporteur, qu’il est pour le moins paradoxal d’affirmer –⁠ même si cela vous a valu des applaudissements – que cette loi prévoit la fin des néonicotinoïdes dans trois ans alors que cette interdiction, votée en 2016, est en vigueur depuis deux ans. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI et EDS.) Mais je ne souhaite pas ouvrir de controverse.Ayant pris conscience de la réalité telle qu’elle est, nous qui sommes tout aussi terriens et enracinés que vous –⁠ pas moins hors-sol, en tout cas –, nous avons pensé qu’un plan B conciliant des innovations de marché, des innovations sociales et économiques et des innovations agroécologiques permettrait de traverser ces trois ans de transition sans avoir recours aux néonicotinoïdes.C’est ce que nous ne cesserons de redire au cours de cette journée et de cette soirée de façon précise et responsable, sans caricature ni posture, sans jeter à aucun moment l’opprobre sur quiconque. Nous voulons tracer la voie d’une alternative quand vous affirmez qu’il n’en existe pas. Comme le disait Jaurès, cela passe par la justice, sans laquelle il n’y pas d’écologie. C’est par la solidarité et par l’innovation que nous pourrons traverser cette crise…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210225",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210225"
   ],
   "order": 135,
   "text": "…plutôt que par une régression qui ne fera que creuser le fossé entre notre société et le monde agricole. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.) Si le groupe Socialistes et apparentés va voter en faveur de cette motion de rejet préalable, c’est enfin parce que ce texte signe l’échec complet du plan Écophyto depuis près de trois ans.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210225",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N41926a9bb781",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…plutôt que par une régression qui ne fera que creuser le fossé entre notre société et le monde agricole. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].) Si le groupe [GROUPE] va voter en faveur de cette motion de rejet préalable, c’est enfin parce que ce texte signe l’échec complet du plan Écophyto depuis près de trois ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210227",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210227"
   ],
   "order": 137,
   "text": "Alors qu’on nous propose un nouveau plan de gestion, je répète que si nous avions agi de façon préventive et responsable, nous n’en serions pas là. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, FI et GDR, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210227",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3a7c0b52d4bc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Alors qu’on nous propose un nouveau plan de gestion, je répète que si nous avions agi de façon préventive et responsable, nous n’en serions pas là. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210229",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210229"
   ],
   "order": 139,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas par plaisir que nous examinons ce texte aujourd’hui. En revanche, il nous appartient de répondre à la filière sucrière. Non, monsieur Mélenchon, il n’y a pas d’un côté les bons et de l’autre les méchants.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210229",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N435d330a21e9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas par plaisir que nous examinons ce texte aujourd’hui. En revanche, il nous appartient de répondre à la filière sucrière. Non, monsieur Mélenchon, il n’y a pas d’un côté les bons et de l’autre les méchants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210231",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210231"
   ],
   "order": 141,
   "text": "Il y a ceux qui sont à l’écoute de nos agriculteurs et ceux qui, comme vous, veulent leur apprendre leur métier et font croire aux Français que les agriculteurs les empoisonnent alors qu’ils sont les premières victimes du dérèglement climatique. Nous avons la responsabilité de les aider à réussir cette transition et de ne pas les laisser dans une impasse technique.Nous devons aujourd’hui reculer pour mieux avancer, afin que des solutions alternatives saines, durables et efficaces puissent enfin remplacer définitivement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes pour la betterave sucrière, comme le demandent les planteurs eux-mêmes.Nous croyons à l’écologie mais, contrairement à vous, à une écologie pragmatique qui prend en considération tous les enjeux humains, économiques et sociaux. Grâce à ce texte, nous pourrons organiser plus facilement la transition pour les betteraviers et leur accorder du temps pour que des solutions alternatives efficaces soient enfin trouvées.Le groupe Agir ensemble soutient ce texte clair et équilibré, issu des travaux de la commission des affaires économiques. Nous devons en débattre, car la filière attend notre réponse. Nous ne voterons donc pas cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens et sur quelques bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 198,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210231",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0fed7f85c617",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a ceux qui sont à l’écoute de nos agriculteurs et ceux qui, comme vous, veulent leur apprendre leur métier et font croire aux Français que les agriculteurs les empoisonnent alors qu’ils sont les premières victimes du dérèglement climatique. Nous avons la responsabilité de les aider à réussir cette transition et de ne pas les laisser dans une impasse technique.Nous devons aujourd’hui reculer pour mieux avancer, afin que des solutions alternatives saines, durables et efficaces puissent enfin remplacer définitivement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes pour la betterave sucrière, comme le demandent les planteurs eux-mêmes.Nous croyons à l’écologie mais, contrairement à vous, à une écologie pragmatique qui prend en considération tous les enjeux humains, économiques et sociaux. Grâce à ce texte, nous pourrons organiser plus facilement la transition pour les betteraviers et leur accorder du temps pour que des solutions alternatives efficaces soient enfin trouvées.Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient ce texte clair et équilibré, issu des travaux de la commission des affaires économiques. Nous devons en débattre, car la filière attend notre réponse. Nous ne voterons donc pas cette motion de rejet préalable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210238",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210238"
   ],
   "order": 145,
   "text": "…car il y a urgence à trancher ce débat. Cependant, je me souviens très bien des débats que nous avons eus ici même en 2016. Monsieur le ministre de l’agriculture, vous êtes au pied du mur ; c’est pour vous et pour nous que c’est le plus compliqué. J’aimerais vraiment que Mme Barbara Pompili, ministre de la transition écologique, qui avait promu cette idée il y a quatre ans, soit présente au banc…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210238",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nae15aa129144",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…car il y a urgence à trancher ce débat. Cependant, je me souviens très bien des débats que nous avons eus ici même en 2016. Monsieur le ministre de l’agriculture, vous êtes au pied du mur ; c’est pour vous et pour nous que c’est le plus compliqué. J’aimerais vraiment que Mme [PERSONNE], ministre de la transition écologique, qui avait promu cette idée il y a quatre ans, soit présente au banc…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210241",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210241"
   ],
   "order": 148,
   "text": "…pour entendre nos discussions et mesurer les difficultés dans lesquelles nous nous trouvons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Cela étant dit, il faut trancher. Dans votre propos liminaire, monsieur le ministre, vous avez dit qu’il fallait du temps. Or quatre ans ont passé, et voilà qu’aujourd’hui nous devons accorder un délai supplémentaire. Je fais miens une partie des arguments développés par M. Mélenchon – je m’en expliquerai tout à l’heure à la tribune.À ce stade du débat, n’ayant pas été convaincu par les travaux de la commission, je pose trois conditions. Premièrement, il convient d’accorder non pas trois ans, ce qui est trop long, mais un an. Passé ce délai, et après avoir rencontré les betteraviers et l’ensemble de la filière, nous devrons examiner ici les progrès accomplis – car en quatre ans, ils n’ont pas été suffisants.Deuxièmement, il faut reparler de la rémanence : les échanges que nous avons eus en commission ne m’ont pas convaincu s’agissant de la persistance de traces de néonicotinoïdes dans le sol, dans la terre et dans les plantes mellifères qui pourraient succéder à la culture de betteraves dans le cadre d’un assolement pendant deux ans.Mon troisième argument sera le travail européen. Ne nions pas la réalité : en France, l’INRAE et l’ITB n’ont pas pris suffisamment au sérieux la question de la transition agroécologique.Il est urgent de prendre des décisions sérieuses. Lorsqu’on veut mettre en place une transition agroécologique, on ne peut se contenter de mots. Nous débattons de cette question à l’Assemblée depuis plus de dix ans, à l’époque où Michel Barnier était ministre de l’agriculture et de la pêche. Je serai très attentif au débat qui s’ouvre : il conditionnera mon vote sur ce projet de loi.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 287,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210241",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N81320fde5dbc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…pour entendre nos discussions et mesurer les difficultés dans lesquelles nous nous trouvons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Cela étant dit, il faut trancher. Dans votre propos liminaire, monsieur le ministre, vous avez dit qu’il fallait du temps. Or quatre ans ont passé, et voilà qu’aujourd’hui nous devons accorder un délai supplémentaire. Je fais miens une partie des arguments développés par M. Mélenchon – je m’en expliquerai tout à l’heure à la tribune.À ce stade du débat, n’ayant pas été convaincu par les travaux de la commission, je pose trois conditions. Premièrement, il convient d’accorder non pas trois ans, ce qui est trop long, mais un an. Passé ce délai, et après avoir rencontré les betteraviers et l’ensemble de la filière, nous devrons examiner ici les progrès accomplis – car en quatre ans, ils n’ont pas été suffisants.Deuxièmement, il faut reparler de la rémanence : les échanges que nous avons eus en commission ne m’ont pas convaincu s’agissant de la persistance de traces de néonicotinoïdes dans le sol, dans la terre et dans les plantes mellifères qui pourraient succéder à la culture de betteraves dans le cadre d’un assolement pendant deux ans.Mon troisième argument sera le travail européen. Ne nions pas la réalité : en France, l’INRAE et l’ITB n’ont pas pris suffisamment au sérieux la question de la transition agroécologique.Il est urgent de prendre des décisions sérieuses. Lorsqu’on veut mettre en place une transition agroécologique, on ne peut se contenter de mots. Nous débattons de cette question à l’Assemblée depuis plus de dix ans, à l’époque où [PERSONNE] était ministre de l’agriculture et de la pêche. Je serai très attentif au débat qui s’ouvre : il conditionnera mon vote sur ce projet de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210248",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210248"
   ],
   "order": 150,
   "text": "Finalement, vous êtes pour nous une source d’inspiration. Vous réinventez la chanson populaire : « Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. »Un pas en avant, c’était il y a trois ans, lorsqu’Emmanuel Macron postait un tweet promettant l’interdiction du glyphosate. Deux pas en arrière, c’est le glyphosate qui nous empoisonne toujours, le Président de la République qui refuse son interdiction et qui autorise en plus la réintroduction d’un autre pesticide mortifère pour notre santé et nos écosystèmes, les néonicotinoïdes.Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. Un pas en avant, c’était en 2016, quand Barbara Pompili, alors secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité, défendait dans l’Hémicycle l’interdiction de ces pesticides tueurs d’abeilles, qui fut votée à deux voix près. Deux pas en arrière, c’est la même Barbara Pompili, ministre de la transition écologique, qui en autorise aujourd’hui la réintroduction contre l’avis des Français. Madame Pompili, on se demande bien ce que le Gouvernement vous a promis contre un tel revirement. Mais attendez : où est Mme Pompili ? La voyez-vous ? Peut-être ne veut-elle pas qu’on la voie avaler son chapeau !Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. Vous êtes les premiers à nous dire qu’il faut écouter la science et les experts. Écoutons donc la science : 1 200 études ont prouvé les effets désastreux des néonicotinoïdes sur les abeilles, sur l’eau, sur les sols et sur la santé humaine. Vous vous asseyez sur vingt ans d’études scientifiques. Pour vous, la science s’arrête là où les lobbies s’activent. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. Chlordécone, glyphosate et aujourd’hui néonicotinoïdes : ne tirez-vous donc jamais aucune leçon de rien ? Avec ce projet de loi, vous accordez de nouveau des permis de tuer aux entreprises transnationales, qu’importent le vivant, la santé et notre avenir !Entre vos promesses et vos revirements –⁠ votre politique de girouette –, nous perdons du temps, un temps précieux. Trois ans à attendre l’interdiction du glyphosate, quatre ans entre une interdiction et une réautorisation : vous êtes des experts de la procrastination. Si vous êtes contre les néonicotinoïdes, contrairement à ce que dit le ministre, ne votez pas pour mais contre les pesticides tueurs d’abeilles : votez pour cette motion de rejet ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur quelques bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 412,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210248",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4dc183f853a1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Finalement, vous êtes pour nous une source d’inspiration. Vous réinventez la chanson populaire : « Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. »Un pas en avant, c’était il y a trois ans, lorsqu’[PERSONNE] postait un tweet promettant l’interdiction du glyphosate. Deux pas en arrière, c’est le glyphosate qui nous empoisonne toujours, le Président de la République qui refuse son interdiction et qui autorise en plus la réintroduction d’un autre pesticide mortifère pour notre santé et nos écosystèmes, les néonicotinoïdes.Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. Un pas en avant, c’était en 2016, quand [PERSONNE], alors secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité, défendait dans l’Hémicycle l’interdiction de ces pesticides tueurs d’abeilles, qui fut votée à deux voix près. Deux pas en arrière, c’est la même [PERSONNE], ministre de la transition écologique, qui en autorise aujourd’hui la réintroduction contre l’avis des Français. Madame Pompili, on se demande bien ce que le Gouvernement vous a promis contre un tel revirement. Mais attendez : où est Mme Pompili ? La voyez-vous ? Peut-être ne veut-elle pas qu’on la voie avaler son chapeau !Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. Vous êtes les premiers à nous dire qu’il faut écouter la science et les experts. Écoutons donc la science : 1 200 études ont prouvé les effets désastreux des néonicotinoïdes sur les abeilles, sur l’eau, sur les sols et sur la santé humaine. Vous vous asseyez sur vingt ans d’études scientifiques. Pour vous, la science s’arrête là où les lobbies s’activent. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Un pas en avant, deux pas en arrière, c’est la politique du Gouvernement. Chlordécone, glyphosate et aujourd’hui néonicotinoïdes : ne tirez-vous donc jamais aucune leçon de rien ? Avec ce projet de loi, vous accordez de nouveau des permis de tuer aux entreprises transnationales, qu’importent le vivant, la santé et notre avenir !Entre vos promesses et vos revirements –⁠ votre politique de girouette –, nous perdons du temps, un temps précieux. Trois ans à attendre l’interdiction du glyphosate, quatre ans entre une interdiction et une réautorisation : vous êtes des experts de la procrastination. Si vous êtes contre les néonicotinoïdes, contrairement à ce que dit le ministre, ne votez pas pour mais contre les pesticides tueurs d’abeilles : votez pour cette motion de rejet ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur quelques bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210417",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210417"
   ],
   "order": 152,
   "text": "Chers collègues, j’ai pris très tard conscience de la question environnementale, et je le dis toujours avec une forme d’humilité. J’ai été marqué par un texte que je voudrais vous lire ; il est attribué au chef Seattle, date de 1854, et dit ceci : « nous le savons : la terre n’appartient pas à l’homme, c’est l’homme qui appartient à la terre. Toutes les choses sont liées entre elles, comme le sang est le lien entre les membres d’une même famille. Nous ne tissons pas la toile de la vie, nous n’en sommes qu’un fil. Ce que nous faisons à la toile, nous le faisons à nous-mêmes. Toutes les choses sont liées entre elles. »C’est cette pensée qui m’animait quand, le 13 mai 2008, je suis monté à la tribune pour défendre ce que l’on appelait à l’époque une question préalable, dont l’équivalent actuel est la motion de rejet préalable. Je défendais alors l’exigence de retirer un projet de loi relatif aux organismes génétiquement modifiés – OGM. Je l’avais fait le pistolet sur la tempe, parce que les céréaliers de ma circonscription me disaient : « Dédé, tu vas nous tuer ! Tu vas nous tuer, si nous n’avons pas les OGM face à la concurrence internationale. » À l’époque, alors que la majorité UMP était beaucoup plus cadenassée que la vôtre –⁠ il y avait 271 votants sur cette question préalable –, ma motion avait été adoptée à une majorité de 136 voix contre 135, ce qui avait entraîné le rejet du texte –⁠ même s’il est ensuite revenu sous une forme atténuée.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 265,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210417",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N382b0b715a74",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues, j’ai pris très tard conscience de la question environnementale, et je le dis toujours avec une forme d’humilité. J’ai été marqué par un texte que je voudrais vous lire ; il est attribué au chef Seattle, date de 1854, et dit ceci : « nous le savons : la terre n’appartient pas à l’homme, c’est l’homme qui appartient à la terre. Toutes les choses sont liées entre elles, comme le sang est le lien entre les membres d’une même famille. Nous ne tissons pas la toile de la vie, nous n’en sommes qu’un fil. Ce que nous faisons à la toile, nous le faisons à nous-mêmes. Toutes les choses sont liées entre elles. »C’est cette pensée qui m’animait quand, le 13 mai 2008, je suis monté à la tribune pour défendre ce que l’on appelait à l’époque une question préalable, dont l’équivalent actuel est la motion de rejet préalable. Je défendais alors l’exigence de retirer un projet de loi relatif aux organismes génétiquement modifiés – OGM. Je l’avais fait le pistolet sur la tempe, parce que les céréaliers de ma circonscription me disaient : « Dédé, tu vas nous tuer ! Tu vas nous tuer, si nous n’avons pas les OGM face à la concurrence internationale. » À l’époque, alors que la majorité UMP était beaucoup plus cadenassée que la vôtre –⁠ il y avait 271 votants sur cette question préalable –, ma motion avait été adoptée à une majorité de 136 voix contre 135, ce qui avait entraîné le rejet du texte –⁠ même s’il est ensuite revenu sous une forme atténuée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210420"
   ],
   "order": 154,
   "text": "Je le dis aux collègues de la majorité actuelle : il est possible, à certains moments, quand les enjeux sont aussi importants qu’aujourd’hui, de se libérer des contraintes d’une majorité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, FI et EDS, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.) Quand on touche à l’essentiel, quand on touche à la toile de la vie, il faut être capable de faire preuve d’éthique et de se retirer de certaines combinaisons que je qualifierais de politiciennes ! (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 85,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210420",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0688527d7940",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je le dis aux collègues de la majorité actuelle : il est possible, à certains moments, quand les enjeux sont aussi importants qu’aujourd’hui, de se libérer des contraintes d’une majorité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI et EDS, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Quand on touche à l’essentiel, quand on touche à la toile de la vie, il faut être capable de faire preuve d’éthique et de se retirer de certaines combinaisons que je qualifierais de politiciennes ! (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210422",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210422"
   ],
   "order": 156,
   "text": "J’ai la très désagréable sensation de me retrouver quatre ans en arrière dans cet hémicycle, lorsque Barbara Pompili –⁠ alors secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité – nous disait, à juste raison : « faites attention, les néonicotinoïdes sont extrêmement dangereux. Ne vous trompez pas. » À l’époque, nous ne nous sommes pas trompés : nous avons voté pour son texte, à une très faible majorité. Nous n’oublions pas, non seulement parce que nous connaissons désormais tous l’extrême nocivité de ces produits –⁠ ce n’était pas le cas à l’époque –, mais aussi parce que le courage –⁠ que l’on ne nous parle pas de courage à propos du fait de voter ce texte ! –, notamment en matière de transition écologique, c’est de ne pas céder ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LT, FI, GDR et EDS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)Ce que nous refusons en rejetant ce texte, c’est à la fois l’empoisonnement et l’emprisonnement. Les néonicotinoïdes empoisonnent, et leur rémanence dans les sols les rend susceptibles de contaminer l’ensemble de notre environnement. Les abeilles ne sont pas les seules affectées par ces produits ; les scientifiques ont mis en avant leurs effets létaux et sublétaux, y compris sur les vers de terre et le milieu aquatique. Faut-il rappeler qu’un tiers de la population d’oiseaux a disparu des zones rurales au cours des quinze dernières années en France ? À l’empoisonnement s’ajoute l’emprisonnement : si nous cédons aujourd’hui, nous continuerons à emprisonner les cultivateurs dans l’agrochimie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LT, FI, GDR et EDS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)Parce que nous refusons l’empoisonnement de la biodiversité et l’emprisonnement dans l’agrochimie, la majorité du groupe Libertés et territoires votera pour la motion de rejet. (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 297,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210422",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N68190faa72f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai la très désagréable sensation de me retrouver quatre ans en arrière dans cet hémicycle, lorsque [PERSONNE] –⁠ alors secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité – nous disait, à juste raison : « faites attention, les néonicotinoïdes sont extrêmement dangereux. Ne vous trompez pas. » À l’époque, nous ne nous sommes pas trompés : nous avons voté pour son texte, à une très faible majorité. Nous n’oublions pas, non seulement parce que nous connaissons désormais tous l’extrême nocivité de ces produits –⁠ ce n’était pas le cas à l’époque –, mais aussi parce que le courage –⁠ que l’on ne nous parle pas de courage à propos du fait de voter ce texte ! –, notamment en matière de transition écologique, c’est de ne pas céder ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LT, FI, [GROUPE] et EDS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Ce que nous refusons en rejetant ce texte, c’est à la fois l’empoisonnement et l’emprisonnement. Les néonicotinoïdes empoisonnent, et leur rémanence dans les sols les rend susceptibles de contaminer l’ensemble de notre environnement. Les abeilles ne sont pas les seules affectées par ces produits ; les scientifiques ont mis en avant leurs effets létaux et sublétaux, y compris sur les vers de terre et le milieu aquatique. Faut-il rappeler qu’un tiers de la population d’oiseaux a disparu des zones rurales au cours des quinze dernières années en France ? À l’empoisonnement s’ajoute l’emprisonnement : si nous cédons aujourd’hui, nous continuerons à emprisonner les cultivateurs dans l’agrochimie. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LT, FI, [GROUPE] et EDS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Parce que nous refusons l’empoisonnement de la biodiversité et l’emprisonnement dans l’agrochimie, la majorité du groupe [GROUPE] votera pour la motion de rejet. (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210435"
   ],
   "order": 166,
   "text": "Que valent nos engagements pour la planète et le vivant ? Allons-nous, comme d’autres pays le font s’agissant du climat ou des forêts, faire marche arrière au prétexte d’intérêts économiques ? La France a été le premier pays au monde à interdire les pesticides néonicotinoïdes. C’est le pays des Lumières qui a le premier tiré les conséquences des connaissances scientifiques accablantes sur la toxicité aiguë et la persistance de ces poisons qui sont à l’origine de la disparition massive des abeilles, des insectes, des oiseaux, des invertébrés aquatiques et des vers de terre –⁠ il y a même des signaux d’alarme concernant la santé humaine.Si la France se renie, cela deviendra le premier argument publicitaire des vendeurs de néonicotinoïdes de par le monde. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EDS et FI.) Peut-être certains ont-ils sincèrement cru à la fable selon laquelle il ne s’agirait que d’une exception, réservée à la filière betterave. Il n’en est rien.Juridiquement d’abord, il s’agit d’une remise en cause fondamentale de la loi de 2016, qui permettra au Gouvernement de réautoriser certains néonicotinoïdes comme l’acétamipride ; quant aux dérogations, elles ne seront en rien circonscrites à la betterave. Tout cela est contraire au principe de non-régression et à la Charte de l’environnement, en particulier à son article 3.Sur le plan politique ensuite, ce texte constitue un revirement spectaculaire. Ce n’est pas seulement au Parlement de 2016 que vous demandez de se dédire, mais aussi à celui de 2018, qui avait élargi l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes par la loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous, dite EGALIM. Désormais, il suffira de mettre en avant une difficulté économique pour avoir la peau d’une avancée environnementale. Vous cédez à la pression de la filière betterave, qui a toujours combattu l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Quand tant d’autres filières s’y sont –⁠ bon an mal an – adaptées, ce que vous appelez une impasse technique est en réalité une obstruction que vous récompensez. Vous créez un précédent en matière d’adaptation au changement climatique, alors que celui-ci est directement en cause dans les ravages que cause la jaunisse cette année, en présentant un poison chimique comme une solution au lieu d’encourager l’agroécologie.Aurez-vous pour autant sauvé la filière betterave, dont les difficultés sont pour l’essentiel liées à la suppression des quotas européens ? Bien sûr que non. Oui, il y a d’autres solutions, et Matthieu Orphelin y reviendra dans le débat.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 411,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210435",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N100a51bc62ca",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMQV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Que valent nos engagements pour la planète et le vivant ? Allons-nous, comme d’autres pays le font s’agissant du climat ou des forêts, faire marche arrière au prétexte d’intérêts économiques ? La France a été le premier pays au monde à interdire les pesticides néonicotinoïdes. C’est le pays des Lumières qui a le premier tiré les conséquences des connaissances scientifiques accablantes sur la toxicité aiguë et la persistance de ces poisons qui sont à l’origine de la disparition massive des abeilles, des insectes, des oiseaux, des invertébrés aquatiques et des vers de terre –⁠ il y a même des signaux d’alarme concernant la santé humaine.Si la France se renie, cela deviendra le premier argument publicitaire des vendeurs de néonicotinoïdes de par le monde. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EDS et FI.) Peut-être certains ont-ils sincèrement cru à la fable selon laquelle il ne s’agirait que d’une exception, réservée à la filière betterave. Il n’en est rien.Juridiquement d’abord, il s’agit d’une remise en cause fondamentale de la loi de 2016, qui permettra au Gouvernement de réautoriser certains néonicotinoïdes comme l’acétamipride ; quant aux dérogations, elles ne seront en rien circonscrites à la betterave. Tout cela est contraire au principe de non-régression et à la Charte de l’environnement, en particulier à son article 3.Sur le plan politique ensuite, ce texte constitue un revirement spectaculaire. Ce n’est pas seulement au Parlement de 2016 que vous demandez de se dédire, mais aussi à celui de 2018, qui avait élargi l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes par la loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous, dite EGALIM. Désormais, il suffira de mettre en avant une difficulté économique pour avoir la peau d’une avancée environnementale. Vous cédez à la pression de la filière betterave, qui a toujours combattu l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Quand tant d’autres filières s’y sont –⁠ bon an mal an – adaptées, ce que vous appelez une impasse technique est en réalité une obstruction que vous récompensez. Vous créez un précédent en matière d’adaptation au changement climatique, alors que celui-ci est directement en cause dans les ravages que cause la jaunisse cette année, en présentant un poison chimique comme une solution au lieu d’encourager l’agroécologie.Aurez-vous pour autant sauvé la filière betterave, dont les difficultés sont pour l’essentiel liées à la suppression des quotas européens ? Bien sûr que non. Oui, il y a d’autres solutions, et [PERSONNE] y reviendra dans le débat."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210441",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210441"
   ],
   "order": 168,
   "text": "Mais le plus dramatique, c’est la conséquence concrète du texte : vous aurez beau écrire dans vos arrêtés de dérogation que seule la culture de betterave à sucre sera concernée, dans la nature, les choses ne se passeront pas de cette manière. Les néonicotinoïdes sont en effet incontrôlables dans l’espace et dans le temps ; leur utilisation sur 400 000 hectares pendant au moins trois ans signifie que dans les régions concernées, l’ensemble des terres –⁠ eau, sols, rivières, haies, plantes des autres productions agricoles mais aussi fleurs sauvages – seront contaminées par ces poisons.Vos dérogations en rappellent d’autres, en particulier celle dont a bénéficié le chlordécone. C’est l’un des points communs entre le charançon du bananier et le puceron de la betterave. Interdit en 1990, soit plus de vingt ans après les preuves de sa toxicité et de sa rémanence –⁠ comme les néonicotinoïdes –, le chlordécone a par la suite bénéficié de dérogations. La commission d’enquête présidée par notre collègue Serge Letchimy a mis en cause la responsabilité de l’État : « ces prises de décisions ont largement été motivées par la pression exercée par les acteurs économiques […] qui invoquaient l’argument d’absence de solution opérationnelle alternative ». N’a-t-on définitivement rien appris ?Chers collègues, le groupe Écologie démocratie solidarité votera résolument contre ce projet de loi (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.) Nous appelons chacun à voter librement, en conscience. Chaque député devra répondre à la question suivante : voulez-vous que le Parlement prenne la responsabilité délibérée, en toute connaissance de cause, de sacrifier des milliards d’abeilles, d’insectes, d’oiseaux, et de décider d’une pollution volontaire dont les effets persisteront dans plus de vingt ans ? Au moment où l’humanité affronte une pandémie qui est une zoonose, et qui illustre de façon tragique la communauté de destin qui l’unit à l’ensemble du vivant, nous appelons l’Assemblée nationale à refuser ce contresens historique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS, FI, GDR et SOC.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 327,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210441",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncd5f4f840022",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mais le plus dramatique, c’est la conséquence concrète du texte : vous aurez beau écrire dans vos arrêtés de dérogation que seule la culture de betterave à sucre sera concernée, dans la nature, les choses ne se passeront pas de cette manière. Les néonicotinoïdes sont en effet incontrôlables dans l’espace et dans le temps ; leur utilisation sur 400 000 hectares pendant au moins trois ans signifie que dans les régions concernées, l’ensemble des terres –⁠ eau, sols, rivières, haies, plantes des autres productions agricoles mais aussi fleurs sauvages – seront contaminées par ces poisons.Vos dérogations en rappellent d’autres, en particulier celle dont a bénéficié le chlordécone. C’est l’un des points communs entre le charançon du bananier et le puceron de la betterave. Interdit en 1990, soit plus de vingt ans après les preuves de sa toxicité et de sa rémanence –⁠ comme les néonicotinoïdes –, le chlordécone a par la suite bénéficié de dérogations. La commission d’enquête présidée par notre collègue [PERSONNE] a mis en cause la responsabilité de l’État : « ces prises de décisions ont largement été motivées par la pression exercée par les acteurs économiques […] qui invoquaient l’argument d’absence de solution opérationnelle alternative ». N’a-t-on définitivement rien appris ?Chers collègues, le groupe [GROUPE] votera résolument contre ce projet de loi (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.) Nous appelons chacun à voter librement, en conscience. Chaque député devra répondre à la question suivante : voulez-vous que le Parlement prenne la responsabilité délibérée, en toute connaissance de cause, de sacrifier des milliards d’abeilles, d’insectes, d’oiseaux, et de décider d’une pollution volontaire dont les effets persisteront dans plus de vingt ans ? Au moment où l’humanité affronte une pandémie qui est une zoonose, et qui illustre de façon tragique la communauté de destin qui l’unit à l’ensemble du vivant, nous appelons l’Assemblée nationale à refuser ce contresens historique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS, FI, [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607395",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Travert",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Travert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210445",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210445"
   ],
   "order": 170,
   "text": "Nous sommes à la croisée des chemins. Nous avons la responsabilité de prendre une décision qui aura des répercussions sur une filière, celle de la betterave, mais qui affectera aussi des agriculteurs, des entreprises et des territoires, ainsi que notre souveraineté alimentaire, notre production sûre, saine et durable de sucre en France.Je me souviens qu’à l’été 2017, un intervieweur de matinale d’une chaîne d’informations peu connue pour son sens de la nuance m’avait interrogé sur l’existence supposée d’un projet de loi qui remettrait en cause l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. J’avais évidemment répondu par la négative. J’avais précisé que nous devions cependant demeurer vigilants quant à l’existence éventuelle d’impasses techniques, et qu’il nous fallait donc réfléchir aux moyens permettant d’accompagner les agriculteurs confrontés à cette situation.Que n’avais-je dit là ! Une fois les torrents fielleux passés, les donneurs de leçons patentés ayant déversé leurs certitudes, il a fallu travailler à trouver des solutions et mobiliser tous les acteurs. Le temps n’a malheureusement pas permis de répondre à la difficulté de la jaunisse des betteraves, provoquée par la présence de pucerons. Cela prouve une fois de plus, s’il en était besoin, que l’agronomie ne répond pas aux injonctions politiques.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 196,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210445",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfab983722c9e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes à la croisée des chemins. Nous avons la responsabilité de prendre une décision qui aura des répercussions sur une filière, celle de la betterave, mais qui affectera aussi des agriculteurs, des entreprises et des territoires, ainsi que notre souveraineté alimentaire, notre production sûre, saine et durable de sucre en France.Je me souviens qu’à l’été 2017, un intervieweur de matinale d’une chaîne d’informations peu connue pour son sens de la nuance m’avait interrogé sur l’existence supposée d’un projet de loi qui remettrait en cause l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. J’avais évidemment répondu par la négative. J’avais précisé que nous devions cependant demeurer vigilants quant à l’existence éventuelle d’impasses techniques, et qu’il nous fallait donc réfléchir aux moyens permettant d’accompagner les agriculteurs confrontés à cette situation.Que n’avais-je dit là ! Une fois les torrents fielleux passés, les donneurs de leçons patentés ayant déversé leurs certitudes, il a fallu travailler à trouver des solutions et mobiliser tous les acteurs. Le temps n’a malheureusement pas permis de répondre à la difficulté de la jaunisse des betteraves, provoquée par la présence de pucerons. Cela prouve une fois de plus, s’il en était besoin, que l’agronomie ne répond pas aux injonctions politiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607395",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Travert",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Travert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210451",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210451"
   ],
   "order": 174,
   "text": "La loi de 2016 et le titre II de la loi EGALIM sont des marqueurs politiques forts, des engagements de la France pour réduire l’impact et l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires. Il n’est pas question de remettre en cause ces engagements ; il s’agit de répondre à une situation sanitaire inédite. Le virus de la jaunisse qui s’attaque aux betteraves entraîne une baisse de rendement de 30 à 50 %, conduisant les industries de notre pays à produire cette année 600 000 à 800 000 tonnes de sucre de moins que les précédentes.Le Gouvernement prend donc ses responsabilités et propose un plan de soutien ambitieux, selon les principes suivants : un programme de recherche renforcé pour accélérer l’identification d’alternatives ; l’examen des pertes de rendement de la campagne 2020 et de la question des indemnisations ; les engagements des industriels pour pérenniser la filière et maintenir emplois et investissements d’avenir ; la mise en place de plans de prévention ; enfin, la nomination d’un délégué interministériel.Le projet de loi que nous examinons doit permettre des dérogations ciblées à l’utilisation des semences enrobées pour une durée limitée, une utilisation encadrée pour maîtriser l’impact sur les pollinisateurs et l’établissement d’un plan de protection des pollinisateurs.J’entends, comme beaucoup d’entre nous, les craintes et les inquiétudes que cela suscite ; elles sont légitimes. Cette dérogation s’appliquera, par arrêté, uniquement aux cultures betteravières. Les néonicotinoïdes restent interdits. Si et seulement si les risques sanitaires deviennent non maîtrisables, on pourra déroger à cette interdiction. Devant les difficultés de la filière, il fallait agir rapidement et le bon sens doit l’emporter.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 263,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210451",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N33d014a8def7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La loi de 2016 et le titre II de la loi EGALIM sont des marqueurs politiques forts, des engagements de la France pour réduire l’impact et l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires. Il n’est pas question de remettre en cause ces engagements ; il s’agit de répondre à une situation sanitaire inédite. Le virus de la jaunisse qui s’attaque aux betteraves entraîne une baisse de rendement de 30 à 50 %, conduisant les industries de notre pays à produire cette année 600 000 à 800 000 tonnes de sucre de moins que les précédentes.Le Gouvernement prend donc ses responsabilités et propose un plan de soutien ambitieux, selon les principes suivants : un programme de recherche renforcé pour accélérer l’identification d’alternatives ; l’examen des pertes de rendement de la campagne 2020 et de la question des indemnisations ; les engagements des industriels pour pérenniser la filière et maintenir emplois et investissements d’avenir ; la mise en place de plans de prévention ; enfin, la nomination d’un délégué interministériel.Le projet de loi que nous examinons doit permettre des dérogations ciblées à l’utilisation des semences enrobées pour une durée limitée, une utilisation encadrée pour maîtriser l’impact sur les pollinisateurs et l’établissement d’un plan de protection des pollinisateurs.J’entends, comme beaucoup d’entre nous, les craintes et les inquiétudes que cela suscite ; elles sont légitimes. Cette dérogation s’appliquera, par arrêté, uniquement aux cultures betteravières. Les néonicotinoïdes restent interdits. Si et seulement si les risques sanitaires deviennent non maîtrisables, on pourra déroger à cette interdiction. Devant les difficultés de la filière, il fallait agir rapidement et le bon sens doit l’emporter."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607395",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Travert",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Travert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210660",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210660"
   ],
   "order": 176,
   "text": "J’ai, comme vous tous, beaucoup échangé sur ces questions avec les professionnels de la filière : chacun reconnaît que nous devons sortir de cette situation par le haut en apportant des garanties fermes et précises ; chacun souligne que face à des pertes de rendement importantes, les agriculteurs feront un choix rationnel et ne replanteront pas, entraînant ainsi la disparition de la filière sucre française –⁠ ce qui est inconcevable.Notre modèle agricole n’est pas à bout de souffle. Il est en pleine transformation agroécologique, engagée depuis 2013, et en plein progrès ; notre agriculture est reconnue comme une des plus sûres et des plus durables au monde. Beaucoup de collègues pourraient parler des heures des aspects techniques du problème. La France n’est pas un cas isolé : onze autres pays européens font face aux mêmes difficultés et recourent à une dérogation. Si des solutions de rechange existaient, elles auraient été mobilisées. Je veux briser la rumeur selon laquelle rien n’aurait été fait depuis 2016. Je sais et connais le travail des instituts techniques et des acteurs de la filière. Il faut avoir l’humilité de reconnaître que devant cette impasse, on ne peut laisser de côté et abandonner une filière entière et ses 46 000 emplois. Comme l’a très bien dit notre ministre, l’écologie ne consiste pas à tuer une filière pour importer du sucre étranger dont nous ne maîtrisons pas les modes de production, moins respectueux de l’environnement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 238,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210660",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb1322b538067",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai, comme vous tous, beaucoup échangé sur ces questions avec les professionnels de la filière : chacun reconnaît que nous devons sortir de cette situation par le haut en apportant des garanties fermes et précises ; chacun souligne que face à des pertes de rendement importantes, les agriculteurs feront un choix rationnel et ne replanteront pas, entraînant ainsi la disparition de la filière sucre française –⁠ ce qui est inconcevable.Notre modèle agricole n’est pas à bout de souffle. Il est en pleine transformation agroécologique, engagée depuis 2013, et en plein progrès ; notre agriculture est reconnue comme une des plus sûres et des plus durables au monde. Beaucoup de collègues pourraient parler des heures des aspects techniques du problème. La France n’est pas un cas isolé : onze autres pays européens font face aux mêmes difficultés et recourent à une dérogation. Si des solutions de rechange existaient, elles auraient été mobilisées. Je veux briser la rumeur selon laquelle rien n’aurait été fait depuis 2016. Je sais et connais le travail des instituts techniques et des acteurs de la filière. Il faut avoir l’humilité de reconnaître que devant cette impasse, on ne peut laisser de côté et abandonner une filière entière et ses 46 000 emplois. Comme l’a très bien dit notre ministre, l’écologie ne consiste pas à tuer une filière pour importer du sucre étranger dont nous ne maîtrisons pas les modes de production, moins respectueux de l’environnement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607395",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Travert",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Travert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210663",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210663"
   ],
   "order": 178,
   "text": "C’est une question de souveraineté et non pas une opposition entre écologie et économie.Oui, nous souhaitons que ces trois années soient mises à profit pour mobiliser la recherche, les instituts techniques et toute la filière : 90 % des néonicotinoïdes sont désormais interdits ; les 8 % restants représentent un grand défi que nous devons relever ensemble. Je souhaite qu’un contrôle scientifique et parlementaire exigeant soit organisé pour qu’une fois par an, nous rendions publique l’évolution de la situation. C’est le choix assumé de la majorité de mesurer les faits scientifiques et techniques, et eux seuls. C’est à cette seule garantie que nous pourrons interdire l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et répondre enfin à la promesse de la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages de 2016. Je constate, une fois de plus, que c’est le Président de la République et sa majorité qui tiennent les promesses de leurs prédécesseurs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LaREM et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 168,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210663",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N150dc501d991",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une question de souveraineté et non pas une opposition entre écologie et économie.Oui, nous souhaitons que ces trois années soient mises à profit pour mobiliser la recherche, les instituts techniques et toute la filière : 90 % des néonicotinoïdes sont désormais interdits ; les 8 % restants représentent un grand défi que nous devons relever ensemble. Je souhaite qu’un contrôle scientifique et parlementaire exigeant soit organisé pour qu’une fois par an, nous rendions publique l’évolution de la situation. C’est le choix assumé de la majorité de mesurer les faits scientifiques et techniques, et eux seuls. C’est à cette seule garantie que nous pourrons interdire l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et répondre enfin à la promesse de la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages de 2016. Je constate, une fois de plus, que c’est le Président de la République et sa majorité qui tiennent les promesses de leurs prédécesseurs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210670",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210670"
   ],
   "order": 184,
   "text": "Voilà plusieurs années désormais que la filière betterave à sucre est plongée dans une crise structurelle, la crise de son modèle. Les fermetures de sucreries ne surprennent plus et le nombre de ceux qu’on appelle trivialement des planteurs est en baisse. J’étais moi-même, en février 2019, aux côtés des centaines de salariés de la sucrerie d’Eppeville en Picardie qui venait d’annoncer sa fermeture. En France, la filière sucre – hors planteurs – représente 45 000 emplois directs. Rares sont les secteurs agricoles aussi intégrés dans le monde de l’industrie. Si rien n’est fait, nous serons responsables d’un des plus vastes plans sociaux de France, qui se prépare sous nos yeux.Le texte que nous examinons aujourd’hui ne doit cependant pas être l’occasion d’opposer économie et écologie. Ce serait faire fausse route. Ce texte représente sans doute le moindre mal : une réponse de court terme qui donnera du souffle à une filière française –⁠ la première d’Europe dans son domaine – menacée de disparition. C’est aussi un coup de pouce assumé pour l’amener à accélérer sa transition vers l’agroécologie, un palliatif des pratiques bien plus néfastes pour l’environnement qui se sont généralisées.La décision qui peut être prise dans quelques heures ne doit pas être tremblante, elle devra être exigeante. Exigeante sur son champ d’application : la betterave sucrière et rien d’autre. Exigeante sur les devoirs des acteurs de la filière, dont la conversion au bio est très insuffisante –⁠ moins de 1 % – et que nous exhortons à faire des efforts dans les prochaines années. Exigeante auprès des semenciers et des chercheurs, dont nous attendons une solution de rechange rapide et pérenne à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes enrobés.Oui, car c’est bien de cela dont il s’agit et de rien d’autre : autoriser de manière dérogatoire, sous conditions strictes, avec une réduction des doses, dans un délai court et seulement en enrobage, l’application de cet insecticide sur les semis de betteraves sucrières pour lutter contre le puceron vert porteur du virus de la jaunisse qui a ravagé cette année les parcelles conventionnelles comme les parcelles bio.Pour lutter et sauver leurs cultures, en 2020, les producteurs n’ont pu avoir recours qu’à une solution du pire : pulvériser d’autres insecticides autorisés. Une pulvérisation non ciblée, contrairement à l’enrobage, multipliée et affectant bien plus les insectes auxiliaires, eux-mêmes prédateurs du puceron. Rappelons aussi qu’avant 2016, cette substance chimique était utilisée partout en France,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 398,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210670",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9dbb96d1f2d4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Voilà plusieurs années désormais que la filière betterave à sucre est plongée dans une crise structurelle, la crise de son modèle. Les fermetures de sucreries ne surprennent plus et le nombre de ceux qu’on appelle trivialement des planteurs est en baisse. J’étais moi-même, en février 2019, aux côtés des centaines de salariés de la sucrerie d’Eppeville en Picardie qui venait d’annoncer sa fermeture. En France, la filière sucre – hors planteurs – représente 45 000 emplois directs. Rares sont les secteurs agricoles aussi intégrés dans le monde de l’industrie. Si rien n’est fait, nous serons responsables d’un des plus vastes plans sociaux de France, qui se prépare sous nos yeux.Le texte que nous examinons aujourd’hui ne doit cependant pas être l’occasion d’opposer économie et écologie. Ce serait faire fausse route. Ce texte représente sans doute le moindre mal : une réponse de court terme qui donnera du souffle à une filière française –⁠ la première d’Europe dans son domaine – menacée de disparition. C’est aussi un coup de pouce assumé pour l’amener à accélérer sa transition vers l’agroécologie, un palliatif des pratiques bien plus néfastes pour l’environnement qui se sont généralisées.La décision qui peut être prise dans quelques heures ne doit pas être tremblante, elle devra être exigeante. Exigeante sur son champ d’application : la betterave sucrière et rien d’autre. Exigeante sur les devoirs des acteurs de la filière, dont la conversion au bio est très insuffisante –⁠ moins de 1 % – et que nous exhortons à faire des efforts dans les prochaines années. Exigeante auprès des semenciers et des chercheurs, dont nous attendons une solution de rechange rapide et pérenne à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes enrobés.Oui, car c’est bien de cela dont il s’agit et de rien d’autre : autoriser de manière dérogatoire, sous conditions strictes, avec une réduction des doses, dans un délai court et seulement en enrobage, l’application de cet insecticide sur les semis de betteraves sucrières pour lutter contre le puceron vert porteur du virus de la jaunisse qui a ravagé cette année les parcelles conventionnelles comme les parcelles bio.Pour lutter et sauver leurs cultures, en 2020, les producteurs n’ont pu avoir recours qu’à une solution du pire : pulvériser d’autres insecticides autorisés. Une pulvérisation non ciblée, contrairement à l’enrobage, multipliée et affectant bien plus les insectes auxiliaires, eux-mêmes prédateurs du puceron. Rappelons aussi qu’avant 2016, cette substance chimique était utilisée partout en France,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210676",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210676"
   ],
   "order": 186,
   "text": "…dans de nombreuses cultures, y compris mellifères, alors que la dérogation proposée aujourd’hui sera limitée à la culture de la betterave –⁠ qui ne concerne que moins d’une trentaine de départements en France et moins de 1,6 % de la surface agricole utile de notre pays. Autrement dit, cette substance que certains ont appelée « tueur d’abeilles » ne croisera pas les abeilles de 98 % des parcelles agricoles de notre pays. Et pour le reste, il s’agit de champs de betteraves :…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 83,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210676",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N51f9f1b8c9c8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…dans de nombreuses cultures, y compris mellifères, alors que la dérogation proposée aujourd’hui sera limitée à la culture de la betterave –⁠ qui ne concerne que moins d’une trentaine de départements en France et moins de 1,6 % de la surface agricole utile de notre pays. Autrement dit, cette substance que certains ont appelée « tueur d’abeilles » ne croisera pas les abeilles de 98 % des parcelles agricoles de notre pays. Et pour le reste, il s’agit de champs de betteraves :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210678",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210678"
   ],
   "order": 188,
   "text": "…une betterave ne fait pas de fleurs et n’intéressera donc jamais une abeille. Et si malgré tout, un jour, vous me trouvez du miel de betterave, c’est qu’il a été coupé avec du sucre par son producteur ou son revendeur.Je reste néanmoins sensible et attentif aux messages et aux craintes des apiculteurs de France, de ceux que j’ai pu rencontrer dans l’Aisne, premier département producteur de betterave sucrière, comme de notre collègue du groupe Les Républicains, Robert Therry, seul apiculteur de cet hémicycle (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe EDS),…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210678",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N918fd1aa86c1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…une betterave ne fait pas de fleurs et n’intéressera donc jamais une abeille. Et si malgré tout, un jour, vous me trouvez du miel de betterave, c’est qu’il a été coupé avec du sucre par son producteur ou son revendeur.Je reste néanmoins sensible et attentif aux messages et aux craintes des apiculteurs de France, de ceux que j’ai pu rencontrer dans l’Aisne, premier département producteur de betterave sucrière, comme de notre collègue du groupe [GROUPE], [PERSONNE], seul apiculteur de cet hémicycle (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe EDS),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210682",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210682"
   ],
   "order": 191,
   "text": "…et je souhaite que toute transparence leur soit donnée sur le suivi de l’application de cette dérogation. Je souhaite que plus d’efforts soient fournis pour établir un dialogue entre les deux filières, afin qu’elles se parlent davantage ; je voudrais également que les représentants des apiculteurs soient intégrés au conseil de surveillance créé lors de l’examen du texte en commission.Enfin, monsieur le ministre, c’est à vous que je veux m’adresser. Nous avons, vous avez, une opportunité de vous montrer réactif et d’engager la conversion vers l’agroécologie de cette filière et de son industrie en activant le plan protéines végétales, tant attendu et maintes fois repoussé. Ce plan doit rapidement donner une visibilité et dessiner les opportunités et les solutions de rechange qui s’offrent aux agriculteurs en structurant, de l’amont vers l’aval, une filière de cultures moins consommatrices d’intrants, pérennes et respectueuses de l’environnement telles que la luzerne, ou encore les oléoprotéagineux ou les légumineuses –⁠ autant de pistes qui doivent nous donner les moyens d’assurer notre autonomie alimentaire et agricole et de rééquilibrer notre balance commerciale.Nous sommes conscients de la difficulté qui est la nôtre aujourd’hui. Nous devons choisir entre deux mauvaises solutions –⁠ peut-être parce que les lois précédentes n’ont créé que des interdictions, sans donner de moyens, ou parce que la pression n’a pas été suffisamment exercée. Quoi qu’il en soit, choisissons la moins mauvaise des deux en donnant une chance à la filière betteravière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 251,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210682",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N438d763565f3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…et je souhaite que toute transparence leur soit donnée sur le suivi de l’application de cette dérogation. Je souhaite que plus d’efforts soient fournis pour établir un dialogue entre les deux filières, afin qu’elles se parlent davantage ; je voudrais également que les représentants des apiculteurs soient intégrés au conseil de surveillance créé lors de l’examen du texte en commission.Enfin, monsieur le ministre, c’est à vous que je veux m’adresser. Nous avons, vous avez, une opportunité de vous montrer réactif et d’engager la conversion vers l’agroécologie de cette filière et de son industrie en activant le plan protéines végétales, tant attendu et maintes fois repoussé. Ce plan doit rapidement donner une visibilité et dessiner les opportunités et les solutions de rechange qui s’offrent aux agriculteurs en structurant, de l’amont vers l’aval, une filière de cultures moins consommatrices d’intrants, pérennes et respectueuses de l’environnement telles que la luzerne, ou encore les oléoprotéagineux ou les légumineuses –⁠ autant de pistes qui doivent nous donner les moyens d’assurer notre autonomie alimentaire et agricole et de rééquilibrer notre balance commerciale.Nous sommes conscients de la difficulté qui est la nôtre aujourd’hui. Nous devons choisir entre deux mauvaises solutions –⁠ peut-être parce que les lois précédentes n’ont créé que des interdictions, sans donner de moyens, ou parce que la pression n’a pas été suffisamment exercée. Quoi qu’il en soit, choisissons la moins mauvaise des deux en donnant une chance à la filière betteravière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210687",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210687"
   ],
   "order": 194,
   "text": "Le projet de loi dont nous allons débattre aujourd’hui n’est ni une évidence ni une proposition que je vais soutenir avec facilité. Il suscite l’incompréhension, voire le rejet, chez une partie des Français et –⁠ il faut le dire – en tant que membre de la commission du développement durable, en tant que président de l’agence régionale de la biodiversité en Île-de-France, en tant que citoyen attentif aux questions environnementales et écologiques, je comprends leur inquiétude. Mais aujourd’hui, chers collègues, le choix qui nous est soumis, même s’il est compliqué à assumer médiatiquement, est pourtant indispensable. Il s’agit de prendre nos responsabilités, car nous ne pouvons pas nous résoudre à voir disparaître un fleuron de notre économie et une filière entière, faite de femmes et d’hommes qui font la fierté de la France.Bien sûr, nous pouvons faire comme la majorité précédente et considérer que les agriculteurs et la filière sucre en France n’ont qu’à se débrouiller. Mais on voit bien le résultat : une interdiction a été formulée sans qu’aucune solution de rechange ne soit recherchée ; aujourd’hui, nous sommes au pied du mur et devons légiférer dans l’urgence. Car si nous ne le faisons pas, si rien n’est fait, les agriculteurs vont progressivement abandonner ce type de culture au profit d’autres cultures plus résistantes aux ravageurs. Alors oui, la fermeture de nombreuses sucreries est en jeu ; oui, des milliers d’emplois sont menacés ; oui, nous risquons à terme la disparition de la filière betteravière au profit de nos voisins européens qui n’ont rien interdit. Pour ces raisons, nous soutenons le texte du Gouvernement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 265,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210687",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na45e4c738c0f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le projet de loi dont nous allons débattre aujourd’hui n’est ni une évidence ni une proposition que je vais soutenir avec facilité. Il suscite l’incompréhension, voire le rejet, chez une partie des Français et –⁠ il faut le dire – en tant que membre de la commission du développement durable, en tant que président de l’agence régionale de la biodiversité en Île-de-France, en tant que citoyen attentif aux questions environnementales et écologiques, je comprends leur inquiétude. Mais aujourd’hui, chers collègues, le choix qui nous est soumis, même s’il est compliqué à assumer médiatiquement, est pourtant indispensable. Il s’agit de prendre nos responsabilités, car nous ne pouvons pas nous résoudre à voir disparaître un fleuron de notre économie et une filière entière, faite de femmes et d’hommes qui font la fierté de la France.Bien sûr, nous pouvons faire comme la majorité précédente et considérer que les agriculteurs et la filière sucre en France n’ont qu’à se débrouiller. Mais on voit bien le résultat : une interdiction a été formulée sans qu’aucune solution de rechange ne soit recherchée ; aujourd’hui, nous sommes au pied du mur et devons légiférer dans l’urgence. Car si nous ne le faisons pas, si rien n’est fait, les agriculteurs vont progressivement abandonner ce type de culture au profit d’autres cultures plus résistantes aux ravageurs. Alors oui, la fermeture de nombreuses sucreries est en jeu ; oui, des milliers d’emplois sont menacés ; oui, nous risquons à terme la disparition de la filière betteravière au profit de nos voisins européens qui n’ont rien interdit. Pour ces raisons, nous soutenons le texte du Gouvernement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210690",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210690"
   ],
   "order": 196,
   "text": "Certes, il implique la prolongation d’une dérogation pour l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, mais je le dis et le redis : nous ne sommes pas pour les néonicotinoïdes, nous sommes pour la filière betteravière française –⁠ ce sont deux choses bien différentes ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.) À aucun moment nous ne nierons que ces produits sont toxiques ou qu’ils ont un impact sur le système nerveux des abeilles. C’est précisément pour cette raison que nous avons assorti cette dérogation de garanties pour limiter au maximum leur impact sur la biodiversité.La dérogation ne pourra être accordée qu’en situation d’impasse technique, liée notamment aux conditions climatiques. Seule l’utilisation par enrobage des semences pourra être envisagée afin que l’insecticide circule uniquement dans la plante ; celle par pulvérisation, où le produit peut se propager dans l’air, demeurera interdite afin de limiter les risques de dispersion des néonicotinoïdes. La plantation de cultures attractives de pollinisateurs, suivant celles de betteraves et aux abords des champs de betteraves, sera interdite afin de ne pas exposer les insectes pollinisateurs aux effets persistants des produits. Cette interdiction aura vocation à limiter l’impact des éventuels résidus de néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs. Enfin, l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes ne sera accordée que pour les betteraves, qui –⁠ vous le savez – ne produisent pas de fleurs et n’attirent donc pas les abeilles.Nous avons bien conscience qu’il ne s’agit pas d’une solution idéale, mais elle nous apparaît plus acceptable que l’utilisation d’autres insecticides pour faire face aux ravageurs. Car oui, chers collègues, il faut le rappeler : pour pallier l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, les betteraviers n’ont eu d’autre choix que d’utiliser des pyréthrinoïdes, des insecticides appliqués par pulvérisation et détruisant tous les insectes présents sur leur passage :…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 286,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210690",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N62d48b6a7e62",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Certes, il implique la prolongation d’une dérogation pour l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, mais je le dis et le redis : nous ne sommes pas pour les néonicotinoïdes, nous sommes pour la filière betteravière française –⁠ ce sont deux choses bien différentes ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.) À aucun moment nous ne nierons que ces produits sont toxiques ou qu’ils ont un impact sur le système nerveux des abeilles. C’est précisément pour cette raison que nous avons assorti cette dérogation de garanties pour limiter au maximum leur impact sur la biodiversité.La dérogation ne pourra être accordée qu’en situation d’impasse technique, liée notamment aux conditions climatiques. Seule l’utilisation par enrobage des semences pourra être envisagée afin que l’insecticide circule uniquement dans la plante ; celle par pulvérisation, où le produit peut se propager dans l’air, demeurera interdite afin de limiter les risques de dispersion des néonicotinoïdes. La plantation de cultures attractives de pollinisateurs, suivant celles de betteraves et aux abords des champs de betteraves, sera interdite afin de ne pas exposer les insectes pollinisateurs aux effets persistants des produits. Cette interdiction aura vocation à limiter l’impact des éventuels résidus de néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs. Enfin, l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes ne sera accordée que pour les betteraves, qui –⁠ vous le savez – ne produisent pas de fleurs et n’attirent donc pas les abeilles.Nous avons bien conscience qu’il ne s’agit pas d’une solution idéale, mais elle nous apparaît plus acceptable que l’utilisation d’autres insecticides pour faire face aux ravageurs. Car oui, chers collègues, il faut le rappeler : pour pallier l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, les betteraviers n’ont eu d’autre choix que d’utiliser des pyréthrinoïdes, des insecticides appliqués par pulvérisation et détruisant tous les insectes présents sur leur passage :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210694",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210694"
   ],
   "order": 198,
   "text": "…les pucerons, mais également les coccinelles, qui, elles, sont mobiles et inhalent le produit insecticide. Les pucerons de la betterave sont généralement cachés sous les feuilles épaisses de la plante et résistent au produit. Ainsi, non seulement les applications de ces insecticides détruisent à peu près tous les insectes présents sur la parcelle au moment du traitement, mais elles laissent les quelques pucerons cachés sous les feuilles des plantes sans prédateurs, permettant ainsi l’explosion de leur population. La prolongation de cette dérogation vise donc aussi à stopper ces pratiques qui sont encore plus désastreuses pour l’environnement. Mais nous le savons, il ne s’agit ici que d’une solution prise dans l’urgence car nous n’avons pas d’autre choix.Le groupe MoDem et démocrates apparentés demande au Gouvernement de tout mettre en œuvre pour favoriser l’implantation de haies bocagères. Des annonces en ce sens ont d’ailleurs été formulées dans le plan de relance et cela, monsieur le ministre, ne peut que nous réjouir. Les haies bocagères, c’est un réservoir de biodiversité, notamment de prédateurs de pucerons, mais également de fleurs variées pour les abeilles. Cette réserve de fleurs est indispensable car la mortalité des abeilles est due non seulement aux traitements, mais également à l’absence de fleurs. La haie peut être un relais très intéressant pour la diversité des pollens consommés par les abeilles. Elle est aussi un outil très efficace pour limiter l’érosion des sols et favoriser ainsi l’infiltration des pluies dans les nappes phréatiques. Nous avons une fenêtre d’opportunité avec la réforme en cours de la politique agricole commune –⁠ PAC. J’appelle le Gouvernement à travailler, dans ce cadre, à réformer les aides relatives aux surfaces d’intérêt écologique afin d’introduire la nécessité de planter des haies bocagères autour des cultures. Une revalorisation du coefficient d’équivalence accordé aux haies pourrait être un incitateur puissant.Voilà la position du groupe MoDem et démocrates apparentés sur ce texte. Monsieur le ministre, soyez assuré de notre soutien. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes LaREM et Agir ens.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 338,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210694",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N07ceb0ad261a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…les pucerons, mais également les coccinelles, qui, elles, sont mobiles et inhalent le produit insecticide. Les pucerons de la betterave sont généralement cachés sous les feuilles épaisses de la plante et résistent au produit. Ainsi, non seulement les applications de ces insecticides détruisent à peu près tous les insectes présents sur la parcelle au moment du traitement, mais elles laissent les quelques pucerons cachés sous les feuilles des plantes sans prédateurs, permettant ainsi l’explosion de leur population. La prolongation de cette dérogation vise donc aussi à stopper ces pratiques qui sont encore plus désastreuses pour l’environnement. Mais nous le savons, il ne s’agit ici que d’une solution prise dans l’urgence car nous n’avons pas d’autre choix.Le groupe [GROUPE] et démocrates apparentés demande au Gouvernement de tout mettre en œuvre pour favoriser l’implantation de haies bocagères. Des annonces en ce sens ont d’ailleurs été formulées dans le plan de relance et cela, monsieur le ministre, ne peut que nous réjouir. Les haies bocagères, c’est un réservoir de biodiversité, notamment de prédateurs de pucerons, mais également de fleurs variées pour les abeilles. Cette réserve de fleurs est indispensable car la mortalité des abeilles est due non seulement aux traitements, mais également à l’absence de fleurs. La haie peut être un relais très intéressant pour la diversité des pollens consommés par les abeilles. Elle est aussi un outil très efficace pour limiter l’érosion des sols et favoriser ainsi l’infiltration des pluies dans les nappes phréatiques. Nous avons une fenêtre d’opportunité avec la réforme en cours de la politique agricole commune –⁠ PAC. J’appelle le Gouvernement à travailler, dans ce cadre, à réformer les aides relatives aux surfaces d’intérêt écologique afin d’introduire la nécessité de planter des haies bocagères autour des cultures. Une revalorisation du coefficient d’équivalence accordé aux haies pourrait être un incitateur puissant.Voilà la position du groupe [GROUPE] et démocrates apparentés sur ce texte. Monsieur le ministre, soyez assuré de notre soutien. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem, ainsi que sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Agir ens.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210705",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210705"
   ],
   "order": 200,
   "text": "Une seule santé : ce concept, venu de l’épidémiologie, est aujourd’hui en train de se répandre partout dans le monde, et c’est une des très bonnes nouvelles en cette période. (Mme Yolaine de Courson applaudit.) Il permet une lecture politique de nos sociétés, du monde, de la planète et de nos territoires. Je crois que si j’avais été candidat à une élection locale, j’en aurais fait mon slogan : une seule santé pour la terre et pour les hommes. C’est cela qui peut nous réunir ; c’est ce qui peut demain rassembler notre pays au plus profond, avec des racines – la betterave en est une : une seule santé pour tous et pour tous les domaines de l’environnement et de la vie humaine.Je crois que nous choisissons malheureusement de nous éloigner aujourd’hui de cette perspective en faisant un mauvais compromis. Que nous disent les scientifiques ? Nous n’allons pas organiser le concours de celui qui en a interrogé le plus grand nombre –⁠ j’ai moi aussi passé beaucoup de temps dans les instituts scientifiques et auprès des professionnels, et j’ai beaucoup échangé avec les divers acteurs. Nous les avons beaucoup entendus, nous avons beaucoup partagé et, sans démagogie, je peux dire que nous avons beaucoup travaillé. Nous sommes parvenus à la conclusion que l’on pourrait, à terme,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 218,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210705",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7963596becb1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une seule santé : ce concept, venu de l’épidémiologie, est aujourd’hui en train de se répandre partout dans le monde, et c’est une des très bonnes nouvelles en cette période. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Il permet une lecture politique de nos sociétés, du monde, de la planète et de nos territoires. Je crois que si j’avais été candidat à une élection locale, j’en aurais fait mon slogan : une seule santé pour la terre et pour les hommes. C’est cela qui peut nous réunir ; c’est ce qui peut demain rassembler notre pays au plus profond, avec des racines – la betterave en est une : une seule santé pour tous et pour tous les domaines de l’environnement et de la vie humaine.Je crois que nous choisissons malheureusement de nous éloigner aujourd’hui de cette perspective en faisant un mauvais compromis. Que nous disent les scientifiques ? Nous n’allons pas organiser le concours de celui qui en a interrogé le plus grand nombre –⁠ j’ai moi aussi passé beaucoup de temps dans les instituts scientifiques et auprès des professionnels, et j’ai beaucoup échangé avec les divers acteurs. Nous les avons beaucoup entendus, nous avons beaucoup partagé et, sans démagogie, je peux dire que nous avons beaucoup travaillé. Nous sommes parvenus à la conclusion que l’on pourrait, à terme,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210756",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210756"
   ],
   "order": 202,
   "text": "…se passer des néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de la betterave –⁠ voilà une autre bonne nouvelle, monsieur le ministre. Ce n’est pas simple, cela prendra du temps, mais on peut y arriver.J’ai aussi une conviction, qui me vient de mes racines que je ne veux pas exhiber en permanence, car j’ai une forme de pudeur. J’ai vu comment le monde paysan a su évoluer : il a été capable de mutations extraordinaires, d’innovations scientifiques, technologiques, sociales et économiques hors du commun. Je ne doute pas une seconde que l’ensemble de la filière de la betterave, planteurs et industrie du secteur, est en mesure de faire cette mutation. Bien d’autres ont eu lieu par le passé ; nous pouvons réussir celle-là. Ce n’est pas la première crise sanitaire à laquelle nous sommes confrontés.Il reste la question des voies et moyens. Vous affirmez que vous voulez comprendre le réel ; pour ma part, j’ai compris du réel que nous parlions d’une centaine de millions d’euros d’indemnisation pour les producteurs et du même montant pour une industrie de première transformation très liée aux producteurs. Ces moyens, nous pouvons les mobiliser. Ce sont ceux de la puissance publique de la France et de l’Union européenne, dans des combinaisons multiples. Ce sont aussi les moyens de la filière, grâce à des cotisations volontaires obligatoires ou à toute autre forme de solidarité, de péréquation et de cotisations –⁠ il y en a eu bien d’autres, à d’autres échelles, dans le monde paysan, marqué par sa tradition coopérative et mutualiste. Il y a enfin des ressources que je m’étonne de ne pas avoir entendu évoquer : je pense à celles liées au partage de la valeur, à la loi EGALIM que vous avez fait voter, monsieur Travert, lorsque vous étiez ministre. Qui a bénéficié des dérégulations fabuleuses du cours de la betterave et du sucre ? Comment sommes-nous passés de 40 à 20 euros la tonne de betterave et de 600 à 300 euros la tonne de sucre ? Qui a engrangé ce bénéfice ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, EDS et GDR. – M. Alexis Corbière applaudit également.) L’industrie agroalimentaire.On peut estimer, à la louche, qu’elle a économisé près de 600 millions d’euros –⁠ nous avons présenté notre plan B sans disposer de toutes les données, nos chiffres peuvent donc être discutés à 10 ou 20 % près, mais ils ont le mérite de constituer une contribution au débat. En tout cas, il ne paraît pas indécent, dans l’esprit de la loi EGALIM, de demander aujourd’hui un partage de la valeur, un effort exceptionnel, aux industries dont le sucre est la matière première, car l’argent dont nous parlons n’a bénéficié à aucun travailleur de l’industrie agroalimentaire ni à aucun travailleur : tout laisse penser en revanche qu’il est directement allé aux dividendes de ceux qui bénéficient d’une mondialisation sans foi ni loi.En la matière, je veux laisser libre cours à votre imagination, mais prenons l’exemple des sodas. La taxe votée en 2018 à l’initiative du député Olivier Véran rapporte 400 millions d’euros. Sans même la doubler –⁠ ce qui représenterait une poignée de centimes par canette de 25 ou 33 centilitres de boisson ultra-sucrée –, nous pourrions financer la compensation destinée aux planteurs et à l’industrie sucrière, mais aussi préserver l’emblavement, notre capacité de production et de transformation –⁠ sujets sur lesquels le ministre a appelé notre attention –, ainsi que la sécurité alimentaire du pays. L’enjeu du plan B est là : il s’agit de solidarité et de justice.Au-delà du plan B, nous nous battrons aussi pour qu’un plan Écophyto soit remis en route. Nous avons abandonné ce plan. Monsieur Travert, j’ai été surpris de vous entendre dire que vous teniez les promesses de vos prédécesseurs : c’est un peu l’inverse qui se passe ! (Murmures sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.) Pendant cinq ans, j’ai entendu Stéphane Le Foll, lorsqu’il était ministre de l’agriculture, parler d’agroécologie. Il a créé des outils que nous avions adoptés dans cet hémicycle ; vous avez en partie détricoté tout cela. Vous avez en tout cas « planté » –⁠ c’est le mot du jour – le plan Écophyto, et, de crise en crise, de controverse en controverse, nous recueillons les fruits de cette désinvolture. Nous devons réinventer un système de prévention et faire de l’agroécologie la puissance économique et morale de notre agriculture. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, EDS, FI et GDR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 740,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210756",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nba8d36af7172",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…se passer des néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de la betterave –⁠ voilà une autre bonne nouvelle, monsieur le ministre. Ce n’est pas simple, cela prendra du temps, mais on peut y arriver.J’ai aussi une conviction, qui me vient de mes racines que je ne veux pas exhiber en permanence, car j’ai une forme de pudeur. J’ai vu comment le monde paysan a su évoluer : il a été capable de mutations extraordinaires, d’innovations scientifiques, technologiques, sociales et économiques hors du commun. Je ne doute pas une seconde que l’ensemble de la filière de la betterave, planteurs et industrie du secteur, est en mesure de faire cette mutation. Bien d’autres ont eu lieu par le passé ; nous pouvons réussir celle-là. Ce n’est pas la première crise sanitaire à laquelle nous sommes confrontés.Il reste la question des voies et moyens. Vous affirmez que vous voulez comprendre le réel ; pour ma part, j’ai compris du réel que nous parlions d’une centaine de millions d’euros d’indemnisation pour les producteurs et du même montant pour une industrie de première transformation très liée aux producteurs. Ces moyens, nous pouvons les mobiliser. Ce sont ceux de la puissance publique de la France et de l’Union européenne, dans des combinaisons multiples. Ce sont aussi les moyens de la filière, grâce à des cotisations volontaires obligatoires ou à toute autre forme de solidarité, de péréquation et de cotisations –⁠ il y en a eu bien d’autres, à d’autres échelles, dans le monde paysan, marqué par sa tradition coopérative et mutualiste. Il y a enfin des ressources que je m’étonne de ne pas avoir entendu évoquer : je pense à celles liées au partage de la valeur, à la loi EGALIM que vous avez fait voter, monsieur Travert, lorsque vous étiez ministre. Qui a bénéficié des dérégulations fabuleuses du cours de la betterave et du sucre ? Comment sommes-nous passés de 40 à 20 euros la tonne de betterave et de 600 à 300 euros la tonne de sucre ? Qui a engrangé ce bénéfice ? (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], EDS et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) L’industrie agroalimentaire.On peut estimer, à la louche, qu’elle a économisé près de 600 millions d’euros –⁠ nous avons présenté notre plan B sans disposer de toutes les données, nos chiffres peuvent donc être discutés à 10 ou 20 % près, mais ils ont le mérite de constituer une contribution au débat. En tout cas, il ne paraît pas indécent, dans l’esprit de la loi EGALIM, de demander aujourd’hui un partage de la valeur, un effort exceptionnel, aux industries dont le sucre est la matière première, car l’argent dont nous parlons n’a bénéficié à aucun travailleur de l’industrie agroalimentaire ni à aucun travailleur : tout laisse penser en revanche qu’il est directement allé aux dividendes de ceux qui bénéficient d’une mondialisation sans foi ni loi.En la matière, je veux laisser libre cours à votre imagination, mais prenons l’exemple des sodas. La taxe votée en 2018 à l’initiative du député [PERSONNE] rapporte 400 millions d’euros. Sans même la doubler –⁠ ce qui représenterait une poignée de centimes par canette de 25 ou 33 centilitres de boisson ultra-sucrée –, nous pourrions financer la compensation destinée aux planteurs et à l’industrie sucrière, mais aussi préserver l’emblavement, notre capacité de production et de transformation –⁠ sujets sur lesquels le ministre a appelé notre attention –, ainsi que la sécurité alimentaire du pays. L’enjeu du plan B est là : il s’agit de solidarité et de justice.Au-delà du plan B, nous nous battrons aussi pour qu’un plan Écophyto soit remis en route. Nous avons abandonné ce plan. Monsieur Travert, j’ai été surpris de vous entendre dire que vous teniez les promesses de vos prédécesseurs : c’est un peu l’inverse qui se passe ! (Murmures sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.) Pendant cinq ans, j’ai entendu [PERSONNE], lorsqu’il était ministre de l’agriculture, parler d’agroécologie. Il a créé des outils que nous avions adoptés dans cet hémicycle ; vous avez en partie détricoté tout cela. Vous avez en tout cas « planté » –⁠ c’est le mot du jour – le plan Écophyto, et, de crise en crise, de controverse en controverse, nous recueillons les fruits de cette désinvolture. Nous devons réinventer un système de prévention et faire de l’agroécologie la puissance économique et morale de notre agriculture. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], EDS, FI et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210713",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210713"
   ],
   "order": 204,
   "text": "Nous ne le cachons pas : aujourd’hui, nous aurions tous préféré ne pas avoir à examiner ce texte. Pour autant, il est nécessaire d’apporter une solution à l’ensemble de la filière sucrière française, qui se trouve dans une impasse.Je dois en conséquence commencer par vous remercier, monsieur le ministre : merci d’avoir eu le courage de défendre ce texte pour sauver une filière majeure ! (Mme Anne-Laure Cattelot applaudit.) En effet, quelle est la réalité ? La France est aujourd’hui le leader européen du sucre, et la chute vertigineuse des rendements, liée à la jaunisse et au puceron vert, pourrait provoquer la disparition totale de la filière. Les planteurs de betteraves sucrières ont su résister à la fin des quotas et à la concurrence internationale qui se fait de plus en plus rude, mais ils ne résisteront pas à une telle chute de rendement.En tant que législateurs, posons-nous les bonnes questions. Tout d’abord, celle de l’effet de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences de betteraves sucrières. C’est une réalité : les néonicotinoïdes sont néfastes pour les pollinisateurs, en particulier pour les abeilles. Laissez-moi prendre l’exemple que je connais le mieux : la culture de la betterave chez moi, dans mon département de la Marne. Malgré l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave sucrière, les ruches produisent quatre fois plus de miel que la moyenne nationale.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 228,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210713",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4cc34d28b859",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne le cachons pas : aujourd’hui, nous aurions tous préféré ne pas avoir à examiner ce texte. Pour autant, il est nécessaire d’apporter une solution à l’ensemble de la filière sucrière française, qui se trouve dans une impasse.Je dois en conséquence commencer par vous remercier, monsieur le ministre : merci d’avoir eu le courage de défendre ce texte pour sauver une filière majeure ! (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) En effet, quelle est la réalité ? La France est aujourd’hui le leader européen du sucre, et la chute vertigineuse des rendements, liée à la jaunisse et au puceron vert, pourrait provoquer la disparition totale de la filière. Les planteurs de betteraves sucrières ont su résister à la fin des quotas et à la concurrence internationale qui se fait de plus en plus rude, mais ils ne résisteront pas à une telle chute de rendement.En tant que législateurs, posons-nous les bonnes questions. Tout d’abord, celle de l’effet de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences de betteraves sucrières. C’est une réalité : les néonicotinoïdes sont néfastes pour les pollinisateurs, en particulier pour les abeilles. Laissez-moi prendre l’exemple que je connais le mieux : la culture de la betterave chez moi, dans mon département de la Marne. Malgré l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave sucrière, les ruches produisent quatre fois plus de miel que la moyenne nationale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210721",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210721"
   ],
   "order": 210,
   "text": "…pour l’agriculture, qui ne saurait se passer des pollinisateurs. Ainsi plus de 500 kilomètres de bandes enherbées ont été aménagés par nos agriculteurs pour offrir aux abeilles le bol alimentaire dont elles ont besoin. C’est aussi et surtout grâce à la culture de la luzerne, magnifique plante qui a de grandes vertus pour l’environnement et apporte des protéines pour l’élevage, que les abeilles trouvent leur plein épanouissement dans les champs marnais. Si l’on mettait fin à la culture de la betterave sucrière, il y aurait des conséquences pour celle de la luzerne, car l’équilibre économique des deux filières est particulièrement lié. N’oublions pas non plus l’impact désastreux qu’aurait l’abandon de la culture de la betterave sur un grand nombre d’autres filières – l’élevage, mais également les biocarburants.Il faut ensuite nous interroger sur notre vision de l’agriculture française. Je rappelle que nous parlons là de 40 000 emplois, majoritairement situés dans nos petites communes rurales. L’agriculture est un rempart contre la fracture entre l’urbain et le rural, grâce aux emplois qu’elle permet de maintenir dans nos territoires. Aujourd’hui, il n’y a pas que les grands industriels sucriers qui nous regardent ; il y a aussi des salariés qui s’inquiètent pour leur avenir.Nous n’osons imaginer que l’on puisse laisser la concurrence internationale capter le marché du sucre alors même que nous savons que dans une grande majorité de pays, les conditions de culture de la canne à sucre sont bien plus néfastes pour l’environnement qu’en France. (M. Maxime Minot applaudit.) Je ne peux davantage imaginer que nous en venions à importer des betteraves de pays voisins qui utilisent les néonicotinoïdes. Nos agriculteurs ne supportent pas la manie française de la surtransposition. Nos voisins européens n’agissent ni par plaisir ni par dogme, mais par pragmatisme écologique : l’enrobage de la semence, avec une rémanence largement maîtrisée, est nettement moins néfaste que la pulvérisation d’insecticides sur nos champs.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 314,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210721",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N30405e79f9fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ERV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…pour l’agriculture, qui ne saurait se passer des pollinisateurs. Ainsi plus de 500 kilomètres de bandes enherbées ont été aménagés par nos agriculteurs pour offrir aux abeilles le bol alimentaire dont elles ont besoin. C’est aussi et surtout grâce à la culture de la luzerne, magnifique plante qui a de grandes vertus pour l’environnement et apporte des protéines pour l’élevage, que les abeilles trouvent leur plein épanouissement dans les champs marnais. Si l’on mettait fin à la culture de la betterave sucrière, il y aurait des conséquences pour celle de la luzerne, car l’équilibre économique des deux filières est particulièrement lié. N’oublions pas non plus l’impact désastreux qu’aurait l’abandon de la culture de la betterave sur un grand nombre d’autres filières – l’élevage, mais également les biocarburants.Il faut ensuite nous interroger sur notre vision de l’agriculture française. Je rappelle que nous parlons là de 40 000 emplois, majoritairement situés dans nos petites communes rurales. L’agriculture est un rempart contre la fracture entre l’urbain et le rural, grâce aux emplois qu’elle permet de maintenir dans nos territoires. Aujourd’hui, il n’y a pas que les grands industriels sucriers qui nous regardent ; il y a aussi des salariés qui s’inquiètent pour leur avenir.Nous n’osons imaginer que l’on puisse laisser la concurrence internationale capter le marché du sucre alors même que nous savons que dans une grande majorité de pays, les conditions de culture de la canne à sucre sont bien plus néfastes pour l’environnement qu’en France. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Je ne peux davantage imaginer que nous en venions à importer des betteraves de pays voisins qui utilisent les néonicotinoïdes. Nos agriculteurs ne supportent pas la manie française de la surtransposition. Nos voisins européens n’agissent ni par plaisir ni par dogme, mais par pragmatisme écologique : l’enrobage de la semence, avec une rémanence largement maîtrisée, est nettement moins néfaste que la pulvérisation d’insecticides sur nos champs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210725",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210725"
   ],
   "order": 212,
   "text": "Mes chers collègues, arrêtons ! N’opposons pas nos agriculteurs à l’écologie : ils en sont les premiers acteurs. Aujourd’hui, il nous faut faire un choix entre détruire une filière et nous laisser le temps de trouver une solution pendant les trois prochaines années. Le groupe Agir ensemble a fait ce choix : nous soutiendrons le projet de loi, car les engagements pris par la filière sont très forts et le texte clair et précis issu des travaux de la commission encadre parfaitement la dérogation permettant d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes pour la seule filière de la betterave sucrière. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Agir ens, LR et LaREM. – M. Charles de Courson applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210725",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne937b310ba2c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mes chers collègues, arrêtons ! N’opposons pas nos agriculteurs à l’écologie : ils en sont les premiers acteurs. Aujourd’hui, il nous faut faire un choix entre détruire une filière et nous laisser le temps de trouver une solution pendant les trois prochaines années. Le groupe [GROUPE] a fait ce choix : nous soutiendrons le projet de loi, car les engagements pris par la filière sont très forts et le texte clair et précis issu des travaux de la commission encadre parfaitement la dérogation permettant d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes pour la seule filière de la betterave sucrière. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Agir ens, [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210729",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210729"
   ],
   "order": 216,
   "text": "Stéphane Travert disait que vous étiez en train de tenir les promesses de vos prédécesseurs. Je l’aime bien et j’ai envie de lui dire que vous réparez aussi leurs bêtises et que, comme vous êtes indulgents, vous rappelez ces prédécesseurs au Gouvernement. Je pense évidemment à Mme Barbara Pompili.Il y a quatre ans, je m’étais abstenu : j’avais laissé l’interdiction passer car je considérais, malgré tout, que les choses allaient dans la bonne direction sachant qu’il y a de façon générale, pour notre planète, un problème avec les produits phytosanitaires.Ce qui est gênant, c’est que quatre ans plus tard, l’état écologique de la planète s’est détérioré. Je regarde mon collègue Jimmy Pahun, élu dans une circonscription maritime de Bretagne : nous sommes bien d’accord sur le constat. Les inquiétudes sont plus grandes aujourd’hui qu’il y a quatre ans, et l’état écologique de la biodiversité est préoccupant.C’est vrai, il ne faut pas opposer écologie et économie. Nous avons tous en tête les images des champs de betteraves jaunis à la fin du mois d’août après les attaques de pucerons. Cependant, une chose m’ennuie dans ce débat : la France n’a pas la maturité pour organiser la transition écologique, ce qui fait que nous sommes dans une impasse. Cela m’a amené, comme une marque de confiance et par respect à l’égard des producteurs et de la filière industrielle de la betterave sucrière, à déposer un amendement avec quelques collègues, au nom du groupe UDI et indépendants, afin de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pendant un an. Je souhaite contraindre l’INRAE et l’ITB à réaliser le travail qui n’a pas été réalisé depuis quatre ans. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous expliquiez tout à l’heure que nous avions besoin de temps – mais quatre ans, c’est déjà énorme, d’autant que vous nous proposez d’en reprendre pour trois ans, soit un total de sept ans ! Nous avons déjà laissé du temps passer ; j’aimerais que l’on s’en tienne à un an, quitte à voir à l’issue de ce délai comment les choses auront évolué. J’aimerais vraiment que mon amendement soit examiné avec la plus grande attention.La question de la rémanence constitue pour moi un autre sujet de préoccupation. En commission, monsieur le ministre, je vous ai interrogé sur la persistance des néonicotinoïdes dans certaines natures de terre et dans les plantes qui pourraient succéder aux cultures de betteraves dans le cadre de plans d’assolement –⁠ même si ces plantes ne sont pas mellifères, puisque nous avons décidé que les plantes mellifères ne pourraient pas remplacer les cultures de betteraves pendant deux ans. La question de la rémanence se pose pour le sol, pour les plantes et surtout pour l’eau.J’en viens à la question de l’Union européenne. Vous nous expliquez que si nous ne prenons pas de mesures d’urgence, car c’est bien de cela dont il s’agit, les Belges ou les Polonais structureront leurs filières et concurrenceront la nôtre. C’est une réalité, mais je me demande ce que l’Union européenne peut bien fabriquer. Si elle ne sert à rien en matière d’environnement, d’écologie, de biodiversité, de qualité de l’air et de l’eau, c’est un vrai problème.Enfin, il me semble qu’il manque véritablement un pan entier à ce débat –⁠ je l’ai dit l’autre jour à Mme Christiane Lambert, la présidente de la FNSEA, la Fédération nationale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles –⁠ : on nous a beaucoup parlé des producteurs de betteraves, de l’industrie sucrière et des 45 à 50 000 emplois de la filière, mais on n’a pas suffisamment parlé des apiculteurs.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 587,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210729",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf8b6a7f5e829",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "[PERSONNE] disait que vous étiez en train de tenir les promesses de vos prédécesseurs. Je l’aime bien et j’ai envie de lui dire que vous réparez aussi leurs bêtises et que, comme vous êtes indulgents, vous rappelez ces prédécesseurs au Gouvernement. Je pense évidemment à Mme [PERSONNE].Il y a quatre ans, je m’étais abstenu : j’avais laissé l’interdiction passer car je considérais, malgré tout, que les choses allaient dans la bonne direction sachant qu’il y a de façon générale, pour notre planète, un problème avec les produits phytosanitaires.Ce qui est gênant, c’est que quatre ans plus tard, l’état écologique de la planète s’est détérioré. Je regarde mon collègue [PERSONNE], élu dans une circonscription maritime de Bretagne : nous sommes bien d’accord sur le constat. Les inquiétudes sont plus grandes aujourd’hui qu’il y a quatre ans, et l’état écologique de la biodiversité est préoccupant.C’est vrai, il ne faut pas opposer écologie et économie. Nous avons tous en tête les images des champs de betteraves jaunis à la fin du mois d’août après les attaques de pucerons. Cependant, une chose m’ennuie dans ce débat : la France n’a pas la maturité pour organiser la transition écologique, ce qui fait que nous sommes dans une impasse. Cela m’a amené, comme une marque de confiance et par respect à l’égard des producteurs et de la filière industrielle de la betterave sucrière, à déposer un amendement avec quelques collègues, au nom du groupe [GROUPE], afin de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pendant un an. Je souhaite contraindre l’INRAE et l’ITB à réaliser le travail qui n’a pas été réalisé depuis quatre ans. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous expliquiez tout à l’heure que nous avions besoin de temps – mais quatre ans, c’est déjà énorme, d’autant que vous nous proposez d’en reprendre pour trois ans, soit un total de sept ans ! Nous avons déjà laissé du temps passer ; j’aimerais que l’on s’en tienne à un an, quitte à voir à l’issue de ce délai comment les choses auront évolué. J’aimerais vraiment que mon amendement soit examiné avec la plus grande attention.La question de la rémanence constitue pour moi un autre sujet de préoccupation. En commission, monsieur le ministre, je vous ai interrogé sur la persistance des néonicotinoïdes dans certaines natures de terre et dans les plantes qui pourraient succéder aux cultures de betteraves dans le cadre de plans d’assolement –⁠ même si ces plantes ne sont pas mellifères, puisque nous avons décidé que les plantes mellifères ne pourraient pas remplacer les cultures de betteraves pendant deux ans. La question de la rémanence se pose pour le sol, pour les plantes et surtout pour l’eau.J’en viens à la question de l’Union européenne. Vous nous expliquez que si nous ne prenons pas de mesures d’urgence, car c’est bien de cela dont il s’agit, les Belges ou les Polonais structureront leurs filières et concurrenceront la nôtre. C’est une réalité, mais je me demande ce que l’Union européenne peut bien fabriquer. Si elle ne sert à rien en matière d’environnement, d’écologie, de biodiversité, de qualité de l’air et de l’eau, c’est un vrai problème.Enfin, il me semble qu’il manque véritablement un pan entier à ce débat –⁠ je l’ai dit l’autre jour à Mme Christiane Lambert, la présidente de la FNSEA, la Fédération nationale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles –⁠ : on nous a beaucoup parlé des producteurs de betteraves, de l’industrie sucrière et des 45 à 50 000 emplois de la filière, mais on n’a pas suffisamment parlé des apiculteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210737",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210737"
   ],
   "order": 218,
   "text": "Ils constatent une hausse de la mortalité des abeilles, dont la population diminue fortement. Nous perdons, en France, 300 000 ruches tous les ans et nous importons une bonne partie de notre consommation de miel de pays asiatiques et d’Europe de l’Est. Et ce miel, disons-le, c’est de la saleté – je dirais même que c’est de la merde. (Murmures sur divers bancs.)C’est dit et cela me préoccupe, car je trouve que la voix des apiculteurs de France doit être relayée. Le plan en faveur de l’apiculture française que vous dites vouloir lancer, monsieur le ministre, il faudra lui donner les mêmes moyens que ceux qui seront consacrés à soutenir l’industrie du sucre.Comme le rappelait Jean-Luc Mélenchon –⁠ je le répète, je trouve qu’une partie de ses arguments sont recevables –, les néonicotinoïdes sont 7 287 fois plus toxiques que le DTT, selon une source du Centre national de la recherche scientifique –⁠ CNRS. Ce n’est pas une invention.Personnellement, tout cela m’interpelle. Je déciderai de mon vote final, demain après-midi, en fonction de la teneur de nos débats et du sort qui sera réservé aux amendements du groupe UDI-I. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes UDI-I et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 198,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210737",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne92ae9621c7b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ils constatent une hausse de la mortalité des abeilles, dont la population diminue fortement. Nous perdons, en France, 300 000 ruches tous les ans et nous importons une bonne partie de notre consommation de miel de pays asiatiques et d’Europe de l’Est. Et ce miel, disons-le, c’est de la saleté – je dirais même que c’est de la merde. (Murmures sur divers bancs.)C’est dit et cela me préoccupe, car je trouve que la voix des apiculteurs de France doit être relayée. Le plan en faveur de l’apiculture française que vous dites vouloir lancer, monsieur le ministre, il faudra lui donner les mêmes moyens que ceux qui seront consacrés à soutenir l’industrie du sucre.Comme le rappelait [PERSONNE] –⁠ je le répète, je trouve qu’une partie de ses arguments sont recevables –, les néonicotinoïdes sont 7 287 fois plus toxiques que le DTT, selon une source du Centre national de la recherche scientifique –⁠ CNRS. Ce n’est pas une invention.Personnellement, tout cela m’interpelle. Je déciderai de mon vote final, demain après-midi, en fonction de la teneur de nos débats et du sort qui sera réservé aux amendements du groupe [GROUPE]-I. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-I et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211489",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211489"
   ],
   "order": 220,
   "text": "« À la fin de cette période, et c’est absolument essentiel, il y a cette date butoir couperet : quoi qu’il arrive, en 2020, c’est fini pour tous les néonicotinoïdes. Pourquoi est-ce très important d’avoir cette date butoir couperet ? Si nous commençons à ne les interdire que dans les cas où existent des solutions de rechange, tout en accordant des dérogations dans les autres cas, certains néonicotinoïdes finiront par ne jamais être interdits sous prétexte qu’il faut bien assurer la rentabilité des semences. On ne va pas faire les recherches, on va prendre le temps […] Pour ma part, je veux que l’interdiction soit inscrite dans la loi pour être appliquée. Ce que je redoute le plus, parce que je connais trop ces sujets-là pour lesquels je me bats depuis trop longtemps, c’est que soient prises des décisions très jolies sur le papier mais inapplicables. Ce n’est pas possible. Ce serait vraiment mentir à la population, se payer de mots et se faire plaisir, mais ce ne serait pas responsable. »Voilà ce que disait Mme Barbara Pompili, alors secrétaire d’État à la biodiversité, lors d’une intervention à l’Assemblée nationale, le 22 juin 2016.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 194,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211489",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc741c64ffd37",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "« À la fin de cette période, et c’est absolument essentiel, il y a cette date butoir couperet : quoi qu’il arrive, en 2020, c’est fini pour tous les néonicotinoïdes. Pourquoi est-ce très important d’avoir cette date butoir couperet ? Si nous commençons à ne les interdire que dans les cas où existent des solutions de rechange, tout en accordant des dérogations dans les autres cas, certains néonicotinoïdes finiront par ne jamais être interdits sous prétexte qu’il faut bien assurer la rentabilité des semences. On ne va pas faire les recherches, on va prendre le temps […] Pour ma part, je veux que l’interdiction soit inscrite dans la loi pour être appliquée. Ce que je redoute le plus, parce que je connais trop ces sujets-là pour lesquels je me bats depuis trop longtemps, c’est que soient prises des décisions très jolies sur le papier mais inapplicables. Ce n’est pas possible. Ce serait vraiment mentir à la population, se payer de mots et se faire plaisir, mais ce ne serait pas responsable. »Voilà ce que disait Mme [PERSONNE], alors secrétaire d’État à la biodiversité, lors d’une intervention à l’Assemblée nationale, le 22 juin 2016."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211493",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211493"
   ],
   "order": 223,
   "text": "Les murs n’ont peut-être pas d’oreilles, mais ceux de l’hémicycle ont de la mémoire. Quelle mouche a donc piqué la ministre de la transition écologique pour qu’elle se renie ainsi en 2020 ? Elle n’a pas d’excuses possibles. Alors quoi ?Après un examen en détail, je trouve l’explication assez simple : c’est le vent que vous avez fait souffler sur Paris, monsieur le ministre de l’agriculture, et notamment au-dessus du ministère de la transition écologique. La girouette placée au sommet de ce ministère a subitement pivoté sur son axe, fort bien huilé, pour prendre opportunément la direction des lobbies.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211493",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7c3d426f9567",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les murs n’ont peut-être pas d’oreilles, mais ceux de l’hémicycle ont de la mémoire. Quelle mouche a donc piqué la ministre de la transition écologique pour qu’elle se renie ainsi en 2020 ? Elle n’a pas d’excuses possibles. Alors quoi ?Après un examen en détail, je trouve l’explication assez simple : c’est le vent que vous avez fait souffler sur Paris, monsieur le ministre de l’agriculture, et notamment au-dessus du ministère de la transition écologique. La girouette placée au sommet de ce ministère a subitement pivoté sur son axe, fort bien huilé, pour prendre opportunément la direction des lobbies."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211496",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211496"
   ],
   "order": 225,
   "text": "Oui, il s’agit bien de lobbies et absolument pas d’un quelconque problème agronomique insoluble. Ce projet de loi vise uniquement à préserver les revenus des multinationales du sucre – dont vous êtes le VRP, monsieur le ministre.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211496",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N520caf71f286",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, il s’agit bien de lobbies et absolument pas d’un quelconque problème agronomique insoluble. Ce projet de loi vise uniquement à préserver les revenus des multinationales du sucre – dont vous êtes le VRP, monsieur le ministre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211498",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211498"
   ],
   "order": 227,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas une question de rendements réduits par un puceron et la jaunisse de la betterave : les rendements ont doublé en vingt ans !Ce n’est pas une question de souveraineté alimentaire, pure imposture, mensonge éhonté : seulement 50 % du sucre produit en France y est utilisé, et à peine 10 % termine dans nos assiettes.Le problème, c’est le prix payé aux agriculteurs, toujours moins rémunérateur, sous l’effet de la dérégulation du marché et de la fin des quotas, voulues par les industriels du sucre – ce sont eux qui étranglent la filière et ses producteurs.Le problème, ce n’est pas non plus les prétendus 46 000 emplois de la filière. Vous répétez, telle la voix de son maître, des chiffres gonflés pour effrayer, contestables et contestés, livrés par Tereos, multinationale du sucre. Le chiffre de 6 000 est plus réaliste.Oui, il y a bien des emplois en jeu et des agriculteurs en grande difficulté du fait du désastre provoqué par les requins du secteur. Accompagner ces travailleurs et paysans vers un autre modèle coûtera 77 millions d’euros –⁠ et il faut le faire. Mais le coup que vous portez aux abeilles et à tous les pollinisateurs, lui, nous coûtera 2,9 milliards d’euros.Non seulement vous ne savez pas compter, mais vous êtes en plus un piètre agronome, irresponsable…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 219,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211498",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf5bddae30a88",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas une question de rendements réduits par un puceron et la jaunisse de la betterave : les rendements ont doublé en vingt ans !Ce n’est pas une question de souveraineté alimentaire, pure imposture, mensonge éhonté : seulement 50 % du sucre produit en France y est utilisé, et à peine 10 % termine dans nos assiettes.Le problème, c’est le prix payé aux agriculteurs, toujours moins rémunérateur, sous l’effet de la dérégulation du marché et de la fin des quotas, voulues par les industriels du sucre – ce sont eux qui étranglent la filière et ses producteurs.Le problème, ce n’est pas non plus les prétendus 46 000 emplois de la filière. Vous répétez, telle la voix de son maître, des chiffres gonflés pour effrayer, contestables et contestés, livrés par Tereos, multinationale du sucre. Le chiffre de 6 000 est plus réaliste.Oui, il y a bien des emplois en jeu et des agriculteurs en grande difficulté du fait du désastre provoqué par les requins du secteur. Accompagner ces travailleurs et paysans vers un autre modèle coûtera 77 millions d’euros –⁠ et il faut le faire. Mais le coup que vous portez aux abeilles et à tous les pollinisateurs, lui, nous coûtera 2,9 milliards d’euros.Non seulement vous ne savez pas compter, mais vous êtes en plus un piètre agronome, irresponsable…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211506",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211506"
   ],
   "order": 230,
   "text": "…qui refuse de voir, minimise ou nie les conséquences des pratiques agrochimiques qu’il défend : 20 % des néonicotinoïdes agit dans la plante, le reste pollue durablement le sol et les nappes phréatiques.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211506",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N519a7616f0ca",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…qui refuse de voir, minimise ou nie les conséquences des pratiques agrochimiques qu’il défend : 20 % des néonicotinoïdes agit dans la plante, le reste pollue durablement le sol et les nappes phréatiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211508",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211508"
   ],
   "order": 232,
   "text": "Ces pesticides sont 7 000 fois plus toxiques que le DTT et ont une persistance dans l’environnement qui peut aller au-delà de vingt ans. Je vous passe les effets sur la santé des gens, vous vous en fichez comme de votre propre cohérence.Monsieur le ministre, depuis l’examen du texte en commission, vous essayez d’endosser le rôle du sauveur d’une filière, héros du sucre de nos yaourts, tout en essayant de nous vendre votre scénario d’une dérogation temporaire : Julien et les abeilles, série en deux épisodes. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211508",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N117f57e6fcf1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ces pesticides sont 7 000 fois plus toxiques que le DTT et ont une persistance dans l’environnement qui peut aller au-delà de vingt ans. Je vous passe les effets sur la santé des gens, vous vous en fichez comme de votre propre cohérence.Monsieur le ministre, depuis l’examen du texte en commission, vous essayez d’endosser le rôle du sauveur d’une filière, héros du sucre de nos yaourts, tout en essayant de nous vendre votre scénario d’une dérogation temporaire : Julien et les abeilles, série en deux épisodes. (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211514"
   ],
   "order": 237,
   "text": "En fait, ce film sur les betteraves est un fameux navet et on a déjà son titre : Le ministre Denormandie et les lobbies. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211514",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf962e45ee72f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En fait, ce film sur les betteraves est un fameux navet et on a déjà son titre : Le ministre Denormandie et les lobbies. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211517",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211517"
   ],
   "order": 240,
   "text": "Je livrerai d’abord un sentiment, celui d’une double régression, l’une environnementale et l’autre démocratique. Quinze années nous séparent de l’adoption du projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la Charte de l’environnement : ce texte contrevient à ses articles 2 à 5. Quatre années nous séparent de l’adoption de la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité : ce texte contrevient à son article 2, affirmant le principe de non-régression du droit de l’environnement.Monsieur le ministre, vous faites aujourd’hui fi de ces textes fondateurs. Beaucoup ici considèrent qu’il ne s’agit que d’une concession minime, voire marginale, et qu’il faut bien en passer par là face à une urgence économique. Pour ma part, j’en appelle à la responsabilité et à la mesure. La dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes a-t-elle reculé depuis 2016 ? Non. Des preuves scientifiques sont-elles venues remettre en cause les études prouvant leur effet sur les pollinisateurs et l’environnement ? Non, au contraire.En vous entendant, monsieur le ministre, monsieur le rapporteur, justifier le retour de l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes, j’ai été pris d’une interrogation légitime : votre majorité sera-t-elle prête à voter pour ce retour, quoi qu’il en coûte, jusqu’à s’affranchir des règles constitutionnelles de la loi commune et de notre droit de l’environnement ? (M. Cédric Villani applaudit.)J’ai conscience, monsieur le ministre, de la charge qui pèse sur vos épaules. Commencer dans vos fonctions, en l’absence remarquable de la ministre de la transition écologique, en essayant de faire voter un tel concentré du renoncement environnemental de ce gouvernement, vous oblige à vous livrer à de terribles contorsions.Contorsions pour faire passer les conséquences de la libéralisation d’un marché agricole pour une simple impasse agronomique.Contorsions pour invoquer sans cesse la souveraineté alimentaire tout en continuant à appuyer sur l’accélérateur des mises en concurrence et des dumpings par le biais d’accords de libre-échange.Contorsions pour prétendre défendre des producteurs et leurs revenus agricoles, alors que l’on renonce, au niveau national comme au niveau européen, à les protéger grâce à des outils et à des interventions publiques.Contorsions pour défendre l’emploi de la filière de transformation sucrière, alors que rien n’a été fait pour éviter la disparition cette année de quatre des vingt-cinq sucreries implantées sur le territoire national.Contorsions pour affirmer être impuissants à accompagner la transition et à assurer l’indemnisation des pertes de récoltes, tout en refusant de mettre en place un véritable régime public d’assurances contre les risques climatiques, sanitaires et environnementaux, ainsi que le groupe GDR l’a proposé dans une proposition de loi que je vous ferai passer.Contorsions enfin quand, sur le plan strictement agronomique, vous soutenez qu’il n’y a pas de solution de rechange à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes alors qu’en même temps, vous affirmez que les solutions passent par le biocontrôle, les changements de pratiques culturales, l’implantation de haies, les auxiliaires de culture.Ce faisant, vous ne démontrez qu’une chose : votre projet de loi ne vise pas à répondre à un problème agronomique, il tend à essayer de sortir par l’abaissement de nos normes environnementales de l’impasse dans laquelle la politique libérale a placé les producteurs en ouvrant le marché du sucre à tous les vents.Je sais que vous vous en défendez en refusant d’endosser la responsabilité de la suppression des quotas en 2017. Mais quelle politique défendez-vous actuellement comme ministre ? Défendez-vous, comme nous, l’arrêt des accords de libre-échange ? Soutenez-vous, comme nous, le retour de la régulation des marchés et des volumes pour toutes les grandes productions au niveau communautaire ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 570,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211517",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1e2dd79662ed",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je livrerai d’abord un sentiment, celui d’une double régression, l’une environnementale et l’autre démocratique. Quinze années nous séparent de l’adoption du projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la Charte de l’environnement : ce texte contrevient à ses articles 2 à 5. Quatre années nous séparent de l’adoption de la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité : ce texte contrevient à son article 2, affirmant le principe de non-régression du droit de l’environnement.Monsieur le ministre, vous faites aujourd’hui fi de ces textes fondateurs. Beaucoup ici considèrent qu’il ne s’agit que d’une concession minime, voire marginale, et qu’il faut bien en passer par là face à une urgence économique. Pour ma part, j’en appelle à la responsabilité et à la mesure. La dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes a-t-elle reculé depuis 2016 ? Non. Des preuves scientifiques sont-elles venues remettre en cause les études prouvant leur effet sur les pollinisateurs et l’environnement ? Non, au contraire.En vous entendant, monsieur le ministre, monsieur le rapporteur, justifier le retour de l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes, j’ai été pris d’une interrogation légitime : votre majorité sera-t-elle prête à voter pour ce retour, quoi qu’il en coûte, jusqu’à s’affranchir des règles constitutionnelles de la loi commune et de notre droit de l’environnement ? (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)J’ai conscience, monsieur le ministre, de la charge qui pèse sur vos épaules. Commencer dans vos fonctions, en l’absence remarquable de la ministre de la transition écologique, en essayant de faire voter un tel concentré du renoncement environnemental de ce gouvernement, vous oblige à vous livrer à de terribles contorsions.Contorsions pour faire passer les conséquences de la libéralisation d’un marché agricole pour une simple impasse agronomique.Contorsions pour invoquer sans cesse la souveraineté alimentaire tout en continuant à appuyer sur l’accélérateur des mises en concurrence et des dumpings par le biais d’accords de libre-échange.Contorsions pour prétendre défendre des producteurs et leurs revenus agricoles, alors que l’on renonce, au niveau national comme au niveau européen, à les protéger grâce à des outils et à des interventions publiques.Contorsions pour défendre l’emploi de la filière de transformation sucrière, alors que rien n’a été fait pour éviter la disparition cette année de quatre des vingt-cinq sucreries implantées sur le territoire national.Contorsions pour affirmer être impuissants à accompagner la transition et à assurer l’indemnisation des pertes de récoltes, tout en refusant de mettre en place un véritable régime public d’assurances contre les risques climatiques, sanitaires et environnementaux, ainsi que le groupe [GROUPE] l’a proposé dans une proposition de loi que je vous ferai passer.Contorsions enfin quand, sur le plan strictement agronomique, vous soutenez qu’il n’y a pas de solution de rechange à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes alors qu’en même temps, vous affirmez que les solutions passent par le biocontrôle, les changements de pratiques culturales, l’implantation de haies, les auxiliaires de culture.Ce faisant, vous ne démontrez qu’une chose : votre projet de loi ne vise pas à répondre à un problème agronomique, il tend à essayer de sortir par l’abaissement de nos normes environnementales de l’impasse dans laquelle la politique libérale a placé les producteurs en ouvrant le marché du sucre à tous les vents.Je sais que vous vous en défendez en refusant d’endosser la responsabilité de la suppression des quotas en 2017. Mais quelle politique défendez-vous actuellement comme ministre ? Défendez-vous, comme nous, l’arrêt des accords de libre-échange ? Soutenez-vous, comme nous, le retour de la régulation des marchés et des volumes pour toutes les grandes productions au niveau communautaire ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211532",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211532"
   ],
   "order": 244,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, plutôt que de vous déplacer des vertèbres par ces multiples contorsions, il serait plus simple et plus efficace de retirer ce texte de régression, afin que nous trouvions collectivement les moyens d’accompagner durablement nos betteraviers, tout en faisant une analyse précise et objective de la situation des marchés du sucre, de nos outils industriels et de transformation.Je vous le dis avec solennité : si vous faites ces choix-là, nous sommes prêts à vous accompagner, mais nous n’accepterons en aucun cas les abandons que représente ce projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 107,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211532",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9ee6608ff280",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, plutôt que de vous déplacer des vertèbres par ces multiples contorsions, il serait plus simple et plus efficace de retirer ce texte de régression, afin que nous trouvions collectivement les moyens d’accompagner durablement nos betteraviers, tout en faisant une analyse précise et objective de la situation des marchés du sucre, de nos outils industriels et de transformation.Je vous le dis avec solennité : si vous faites ces choix-là, nous sommes prêts à vous accompagner, mais nous n’accepterons en aucun cas les abandons que représente ce projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211535",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211535"
   ],
   "order": 246,
   "text": "Quel combat avait-il fallu mener ici même, il y a quatre ans, pour obtenir l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ! Quel combat avait-il fallu mener pour faire prendre conscience qu’ils représentaient un danger massif ! À l’époque, c’était devenu une évidence pour une faible majorité d’entre nous.Les néonicotinoïdes sont un poison et l’agrochimie est une prison pour les cultivateurs. En nous opposant à votre texte, nous refusons ce poison et cette prison.De nos jours, la nocivité des néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs peut difficilement être contestée, même quand ils sont utilisés à faible dose. D’autres insectes –⁠ papillons ou coléoptères – sont affectés et, par ricochet, c’est toute la chaîne alimentaire qui s’en trouve déséquilibrée. Ces substances contribuent à la baisse inquiétante de la biodiversité que révèlent de nombreuses études.La flore est, elle aussi, durablement touchée. Les cultures non traitées par des néonicotinoïdes peuvent être polluées par les résidus contenus dans le sol du fait des précédents culturaux. Pire, la teneur en néonicotinoïdes dans le sol augmente par accumulation lorsque les cultures sont traitées régulièrement.J’entends certains dire que les néonicotinoïdes ayant une certaine rémanence, ils ne peuvent se retrouver dans les eaux ou que, lorsqu’ils se retrouvent dans les eaux, ils ne sont plus dans les sols. Or, dans les sols comme dans les eaux, leurs effets sont dévastateurs, et cela durablement.J’entends également, s’agissant de la culture de la betterave, l’argument de l’absence de floraison avant la récolte ou encore celui du faible exsudat par guttation, ces deux caractéristiques ayant pour effet de limiter l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs. Ceux qui avancent ces arguments nous disent qu’il suffirait d’interdire les plantations attractives pour les abeilles à proximité des champs de betteraves. Je me contenterai de leur rappeler la rémanence des néonicotinoïdes. Autoriser ces insecticides par décret pour les trois années à venir, c’est s’exposer à les retrouver dans nos sols et dans notre eau pendant au moins deux fois plus de temps, et combien de temps dans notre assiette ?Quant au débat sur la limitation de la dérogation aux seules betteraves, il soulève plusieurs questions. Que se passera-t-il, tout d’abord, en cas de censure de l’article 2 par le Conseil constitutionnel ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Que se passera-t-il ensuite si l’année prochaine d’autres cultures rencontrent des difficultés similaires à celles que connaît aujourd’hui la filière betterave ?J’ai entendu les engagements du Gouvernement et le vôtre, monsieur le ministre, mais votre successeur sera-t-il lié par cette promesse ? Nous nous souvenons des engagements sur le glyphosate…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 416,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2211535",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2c1d151b83a2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quel combat avait-il fallu mener ici même, il y a quatre ans, pour obtenir l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ! Quel combat avait-il fallu mener pour faire prendre conscience qu’ils représentaient un danger massif ! À l’époque, c’était devenu une évidence pour une faible majorité d’entre nous.Les néonicotinoïdes sont un poison et l’agrochimie est une prison pour les cultivateurs. En nous opposant à votre texte, nous refusons ce poison et cette prison.De nos jours, la nocivité des néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs peut difficilement être contestée, même quand ils sont utilisés à faible dose. D’autres insectes –⁠ papillons ou coléoptères – sont affectés et, par ricochet, c’est toute la chaîne alimentaire qui s’en trouve déséquilibrée. Ces substances contribuent à la baisse inquiétante de la biodiversité que révèlent de nombreuses études.La flore est, elle aussi, durablement touchée. Les cultures non traitées par des néonicotinoïdes peuvent être polluées par les résidus contenus dans le sol du fait des précédents culturaux. Pire, la teneur en néonicotinoïdes dans le sol augmente par accumulation lorsque les cultures sont traitées régulièrement.J’entends certains dire que les néonicotinoïdes ayant une certaine rémanence, ils ne peuvent se retrouver dans les eaux ou que, lorsqu’ils se retrouvent dans les eaux, ils ne sont plus dans les sols. Or, dans les sols comme dans les eaux, leurs effets sont dévastateurs, et cela durablement.J’entends également, s’agissant de la culture de la betterave, l’argument de l’absence de floraison avant la récolte ou encore celui du faible exsudat par guttation, ces deux caractéristiques ayant pour effet de limiter l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs. Ceux qui avancent ces arguments nous disent qu’il suffirait d’interdire les plantations attractives pour les abeilles à proximité des champs de betteraves. Je me contenterai de leur rappeler la rémanence des néonicotinoïdes. Autoriser ces insecticides par décret pour les trois années à venir, c’est s’exposer à les retrouver dans nos sols et dans notre eau pendant au moins deux fois plus de temps, et combien de temps dans notre assiette ?Quant au débat sur la limitation de la dérogation aux seules betteraves, il soulève plusieurs questions. Que se passera-t-il, tout d’abord, en cas de censure de l’article 2 par le Conseil constitutionnel ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Que se passera-t-il ensuite si l’année prochaine d’autres cultures rencontrent des difficultés similaires à celles que connaît aujourd’hui la filière betterave ?J’ai entendu les engagements du Gouvernement et le vôtre, monsieur le ministre, mais votre successeur sera-t-il lié par cette promesse ? Nous nous souvenons des engagements sur le glyphosate…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209310",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209310"
   ],
   "order": 248,
   "text": "En 2016, après maints débats, nous avions considéré que deux années, voire quatre, étaient suffisantes pour que les filières se préparent à l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes et développent des solutions de remplacement. Alors comment expliquer, l’échéance approchant et les solutions de remplacement tardant, que ni les acteurs de la filière de la betterave ni le Gouvernement n’aient intensifié l’effort de recherche ?Vous prévoyez aujourd’hui un nouveau délai de trois ans pour permettre l’aboutissement de travaux scientifiques. Comment nous garantir que, cette fois-ci, les acteurs se mettront en ordre de marche ? Quel contrôle allez-vous exercer sur les 7 millions d’euros prévus sur trois ans dans le plan de relance ?Je ne minimise nullement les difficultés de la filière sucrière, même si elles concernent plus la filière aval que les producteurs de betteraves eux-mêmes. Reconnaissons aussi que l’épidémie de jaunisse intervient alors que le secteur est fragilisé : il a subi la fin des quotas en 2017, mais aussi la surproduction mondiale et l’effondrement des cours.Au sein du groupe Libertés et territoires, nous avons débattu de la situation des betteraviers et certains estiment qu’une entorse limitée et temporaire constitue un moindre mal. La grande majorité d’entre nous considère cependant que l’adoption du projet de loi se traduira, avec certitude, par un recours massif des betteraviers aux semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes dès l’an prochain.Je veux, pour finir, rappeler que la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages avait inscrit le principe de non-régression en tête du code de l’environnement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Cette loi avait ainsi placé la France dans une dynamique de progrès en matière de protection de l’environnement. Or le projet de loi constitue une régression écologique, un renoncement écologique, pire : un reniement écologique. C’est pourquoi la majorité des membres du groupe Libertés et territoires votera contre ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LT et EDS, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 329,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209310",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N706280180e9c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En 2016, après maints débats, nous avions considéré que deux années, voire quatre, étaient suffisantes pour que les filières se préparent à l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes et développent des solutions de remplacement. Alors comment expliquer, l’échéance approchant et les solutions de remplacement tardant, que ni les acteurs de la filière de la betterave ni le Gouvernement n’aient intensifié l’effort de recherche ?Vous prévoyez aujourd’hui un nouveau délai de trois ans pour permettre l’aboutissement de travaux scientifiques. Comment nous garantir que, cette fois-ci, les acteurs se mettront en ordre de marche ? Quel contrôle allez-vous exercer sur les 7 millions d’euros prévus sur trois ans dans le plan de relance ?Je ne minimise nullement les difficultés de la filière sucrière, même si elles concernent plus la filière aval que les producteurs de betteraves eux-mêmes. Reconnaissons aussi que l’épidémie de jaunisse intervient alors que le secteur est fragilisé : il a subi la fin des quotas en 2017, mais aussi la surproduction mondiale et l’effondrement des cours.Au sein du groupe [GROUPE], nous avons débattu de la situation des betteraviers et certains estiment qu’une entorse limitée et temporaire constitue un moindre mal. La grande majorité d’entre nous considère cependant que l’adoption du projet de loi se traduira, avec certitude, par un recours massif des betteraviers aux semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes dès l’an prochain.Je veux, pour finir, rappeler que la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages avait inscrit le principe de non-régression en tête du code de l’environnement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Cette loi avait ainsi placé la France dans une dynamique de progrès en matière de protection de l’environnement. Or le projet de loi constitue une régression écologique, un renoncement écologique, pire : un reniement écologique. C’est pourquoi la majorité des membres du groupe [GROUPE] votera contre ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LT et EDS, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720468",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Chenu",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Chenu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO723569",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209317",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209317"
   ],
   "order": 250,
   "text": "Depuis le 1er septembre 2018, les insecticides néonicotinoïdes sont interdits en France, officiellement pour protéger les abeilles et certains autres insectes. Il s’agit d’une véritable injustice faite à nos betteraviers, qui dépendent, hélas –⁠ chacun peut en effet le regretter –, de ce produit pour préserver leurs cultures. Ajoutons que les hivers et les printemps plus doux ont nui au développement du secteur en favorisant le fléau de la jaunisse et la transmission du virus, ce qui a entraîné une baisse régulière des récoltes de betteraves.Les agriculteurs sont les victimes de ce règlement absurde puisque la betterave, on l’a dit, ne produit pas de fleurs et de pollen. Il est donc logique de considérer l’enrobage des graines de betterave avec cet insecticide comme n’étant pas nocif pour les abeilles.J’entends d’ailleurs encore résonner à mon oreille les mots du betteravier et apiculteur du Pas-de-Calais, Pierre-Marie Walle, qui a récemment témoigné de la cohabitation simple et durable de ses ruches avec les néonicotinoïdes. Il aime à le répéter : « Mes abeilles, elles sont toujours rentrées à la maison ! ». Apiculteur de terrain et non écologiste de salon, il est la preuve que l’usage exceptionnel des néonicotinoïdes n’est pas le désastre décrit par certains.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 203,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209317",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nafd208d6edfb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis le 1er septembre 2018, les insecticides néonicotinoïdes sont interdits en France, officiellement pour protéger les abeilles et certains autres insectes. Il s’agit d’une véritable injustice faite à nos betteraviers, qui dépendent, hélas –⁠ chacun peut en effet le regretter –, de ce produit pour préserver leurs cultures. Ajoutons que les hivers et les printemps plus doux ont nui au développement du secteur en favorisant le fléau de la jaunisse et la transmission du virus, ce qui a entraîné une baisse régulière des récoltes de betteraves.Les agriculteurs sont les victimes de ce règlement absurde puisque la betterave, on l’a dit, ne produit pas de fleurs et de pollen. Il est donc logique de considérer l’enrobage des graines de betterave avec cet insecticide comme n’étant pas nocif pour les abeilles.J’entends d’ailleurs encore résonner à mon oreille les mots du betteravier et apiculteur du Pas-de-Calais, Pierre-Marie Walle, qui a récemment témoigné de la cohabitation simple et durable de ses ruches avec les néonicotinoïdes. Il aime à le répéter : « Mes abeilles, elles sont toujours rentrées à la maison ! ». Apiculteur de terrain et non [GROUPE] de salon, il est la preuve que l’usage exceptionnel des néonicotinoïdes n’est pas le désastre décrit par certains."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720468",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Chenu",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Chenu",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO723569",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209323",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209323"
   ],
   "order": 254,
   "text": "Cette interdiction constitue, en vérité, l’illustration d’une écologie punitive et solidaire, qui fait le choix de sacrifier la filière sucrière, comme d’ailleurs elle a le fantasme de sacrifier l’industrie de notre pays.Alors que la France est le premier pays européen exportateur de sucre, ce dont nous devrions être fiers, l’abandon des néonicotinoïdes a eu pour conséquence une baisse de rendement généralisée, située entre 2 % et 32 % dans la région des Hauts-de-France, sans compter les pertes dans les régions plus au sud, où le temps plus doux favorise le virus.Si nous ne réagissons pas, chers collègues, nous affaiblirons durablement, inéluctablement, une filière déjà fragilisée par la concurrence étrangère déloyale. Cette filière génère d’ailleurs des milliers d’emplois, dont certains ont une vraie valeur ajoutée. Je l’ai constaté la semaine passée en visitant la dernière grande usine sucrière du Nord, à Escaudœuvres : la sucrerie centrale de Cambrai. À ces pertes financières s’ajoute l’incertitude liée à de potentielles invasions de pucerons verts, qui pourrait tout simplement conduire les producteurs à abandonner la culture de la betterave sucrière.Aujourd’hui, alors qu’aucune alternative viable n’a été trouvée, nous savons que douze pays européens ont obtenu une dérogation. Mais, en raison de l’arrêt brutal de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, sur lequel nous devons revenir, nos exploitants utilisent d’autres insecticides. Telle est la situation ! L’une des conséquences aberrantes de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes est l’importation de produits phytopharmaceutiques.Aujourd’hui, 46 000 emplois dépendent de notre décision. Refuser de soutenir ce secteur conduirait à mettre en péril une production de qualité et nous priverait d’importants débouchés. Je pense notamment à l’éthanol, utilisé dans l’énergie verte des carburants.Les agriculteurs sont des professionnels responsables et préoccupés par la préservation de l’environnement. Ils sont engagés dans la lutte contre le dérèglement climatique. Les confondre avec des lobbyistes, comme le font certains, n’est pas acceptable.Un délai est cependant nécessaire pour que la recherche apporte des solutions concrètes et durables. Il nous faut donc créer une situation d’exception, dont personne n’est satisfait, mais qui est nécessaire. Si aucun de nous n’est favorable aux néonicotinoïdes, notre rôle est de préserver une filière déjà fortement fragilisée. Il n’est pas question de cautionner une agriculture intensive et incontrôlée, mais bien de soutenir une transition verte, par paliers. La dérogation dont nous parlons permettra une optimisation du temps au profit du maintien d’un secteur spécifique, en allongeant les délais de manière raisonnable, pour rechercher des produits de substitution.Accepter la suspension des néonicotinoïdes, c’est instaurer des indemnisations qui ne permettront de couvrir les pertes ni à court ni à long terme. Car les pratiques alternatives qui ont été évoquées, l’allongement de la rotation, mentionné par notre collègue Bruno Millienne, ou la réintroduction des haies, nécessitent un temps fort long. Accepter cette dérogation, ce n’est pas renoncer à l’écologie ; c’est trouver un consensus temporaire pour concilier la préservation de la filière et une écologie de proximité.En 2018, mon collègue Ludovic Pajot avait déjà demandé une dérogation. Vous l’aviez refusée, chers collègues, tout comme Barbara Pompili. Vous changez d’avis aujourd’hui, et avec vous Barbara Pompili –⁠ j’espère qu’il en sera de même pour les accords de libre-échange.Parce qu’ils continuent à exprimer leur soutien à la filière betteravière, les députés du Rassemblement national voteront cette nécessaire dérogation. (Mme Catherine Pujol applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 540,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209323",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3676dc547253",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cette interdiction constitue, en vérité, l’illustration d’une écologie punitive et solidaire, qui fait le choix de sacrifier la filière sucrière, comme d’ailleurs elle a le fantasme de sacrifier l’industrie de notre pays.Alors que la France est le premier pays européen exportateur de sucre, ce dont nous devrions être fiers, l’abandon des néonicotinoïdes a eu pour conséquence une baisse de rendement généralisée, située entre 2 % et 32 % dans la région des Hauts-de-France, sans compter les pertes dans les régions plus au sud, où le temps plus doux favorise le virus.Si nous ne réagissons pas, chers collègues, nous affaiblirons durablement, inéluctablement, une filière déjà fragilisée par la concurrence étrangère déloyale. Cette filière génère d’ailleurs des milliers d’emplois, dont certains ont une vraie valeur ajoutée. Je l’ai constaté la semaine passée en visitant la dernière grande usine sucrière du Nord, à Escaudœuvres : la sucrerie centrale de Cambrai. À ces pertes financières s’ajoute l’incertitude liée à de potentielles invasions de pucerons verts, qui pourrait tout simplement conduire les producteurs à abandonner la culture de la betterave sucrière.Aujourd’hui, alors qu’aucune alternative viable n’a été trouvée, nous savons que douze pays européens ont obtenu une dérogation. Mais, en raison de l’arrêt brutal de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, sur lequel nous devons revenir, nos exploitants utilisent d’autres insecticides. Telle est la situation ! L’une des conséquences aberrantes de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes est l’importation de produits phytopharmaceutiques.Aujourd’hui, 46 000 emplois dépendent de notre décision. Refuser de soutenir ce secteur conduirait à mettre en péril une production de qualité et nous priverait d’importants débouchés. Je pense notamment à l’éthanol, utilisé dans l’énergie verte des carburants.Les agriculteurs sont des professionnels responsables et préoccupés par la préservation de l’environnement. Ils sont engagés dans la lutte contre le dérèglement climatique. Les confondre avec des lobbyistes, comme le font certains, n’est pas acceptable.Un délai est cependant nécessaire pour que la recherche apporte des solutions concrètes et durables. Il nous faut donc créer une situation d’exception, dont personne n’est satisfait, mais qui est nécessaire. Si aucun de nous n’est favorable aux néonicotinoïdes, notre rôle est de préserver une filière déjà fortement fragilisée. Il n’est pas question de cautionner une agriculture intensive et incontrôlée, mais bien de soutenir une transition verte, par paliers. La dérogation dont nous parlons permettra une optimisation du temps au profit du maintien d’un secteur spécifique, en allongeant les délais de manière raisonnable, pour rechercher des produits de substitution.Accepter la suspension des néonicotinoïdes, c’est instaurer des indemnisations qui ne permettront de couvrir les pertes ni à court ni à long terme. Car les pratiques alternatives qui ont été évoquées, l’allongement de la rotation, mentionné par notre collègue [PERSONNE], ou la réintroduction des haies, nécessitent un temps fort long. Accepter cette dérogation, ce n’est pas renoncer à l’écologie ; c’est trouver un consensus temporaire pour concilier la préservation de la filière et une écologie de proximité.En 2018, mon collègue [PERSONNE] avait déjà demandé une dérogation. Vous l’aviez refusée, chers collègues, tout comme [PERSONNE]. Vous changez d’avis aujourd’hui, et avec vous [PERSONNE] –⁠ j’espère qu’il en sera de même pour les accords de libre-échange.Parce qu’ils continuent à exprimer leur soutien à la filière betteravière, les députés du [GROUPE] voteront cette nécessaire dérogation. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209334"
   ],
   "order": 256,
   "text": "Je m’adresse à ceux de mes collègues qui souhaitent aujourd’hui l’abandon du projet de loi. Rembobinons la cassette des événements de l’été et souvenons-nous de ces agriculteurs venus nous alerter de l’invasion de pucerons et des risques qu’elle ferait courir cet hiver à leurs exploitations. Ils craignaient que l’effondrement de leurs résultats ne mette en péril leur activité. Après les avoir rencontrés, nous nous sommes tous posé une question : que faire ? Devions-nous les laisser couler, ou réagir et les accompagner ? Le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Julien Denormandie, et la ministre de la transition écologique, Barbara Pompili,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209334",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc5c5fb57fa06",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’adresse à ceux de mes collègues qui souhaitent aujourd’hui l’abandon du projet de loi. Rembobinons la cassette des événements de l’été et souvenons-nous de ces agriculteurs venus nous alerter de l’invasion de pucerons et des risques qu’elle ferait courir cet hiver à leurs exploitations. Ils craignaient que l’effondrement de leurs résultats ne mette en péril leur activité. Après les avoir rencontrés, nous nous sommes tous posé une question : que faire ? Devions-nous les laisser couler, ou réagir et les accompagner ? Le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, [PERSONNE], et la ministre de la transition écologique, [PERSONNE],…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209336",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209336"
   ],
   "order": 258,
   "text": "…ont fait preuve de courage politique en décidant d’agir et en refusant de laisser la filière des betteraviers sur le bas-côté. Ce faisant, ils ont pris la décision la plus difficile…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209336",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N58c93c8f3e8d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…ont fait preuve de courage politique en décidant d’agir et en refusant de laisser la filière des betteraviers sur le bas-côté. Ce faisant, ils ont pris la décision la plus difficile…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209338",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209338"
   ],
   "order": 260,
   "text": "…et c’est ainsi que nous avons rédigé ce projet de loi, avec l’aide de nombreux parlementaires de tous les bancs. Le message est clair.Nous ne nions pas la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes –⁠ sur ce point, nous sommes pleinement en accord avec vous –, mais nous considérons que nous avons une chance dans notre malheur : la betterave ne fleurit pas. De ce fait, l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur la biodiversité est limité. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209338",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N57f132bbccba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…et c’est ainsi que nous avons rédigé ce projet de loi, avec l’aide de nombreux parlementaires de tous les bancs. Le message est clair.Nous ne nions pas la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes –⁠ sur ce point, nous sommes pleinement en accord avec vous –, mais nous considérons que nous avons une chance dans notre malheur : la betterave ne fleurit pas. De ce fait, l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur la biodiversité est limité. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209340",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209340"
   ],
   "order": 262,
   "text": "Nous devons cependant agir vite, d’ici à trois ans, pour accompagner la filière et l’aider à sortir de l’impasse dans laquelle elle se trouve aujourd’hui. (Mêmes mouvements.)Vous pouvez choisir de faire tomber cette filière.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209340",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nde8a4a5ad35e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous devons cependant agir vite, d’ici à trois ans, pour accompagner la filière et l’aider à sortir de l’impasse dans laquelle elle se trouve aujourd’hui. (Mêmes mouvements.)Vous pouvez choisir de faire tomber cette filière."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209645",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209645"
   ],
   "order": 264,
   "text": "Quant à nous, nous refusons de porter cette responsabilité. Ce que vous proposez, chers collègues, c’est un chèque ; nous proposons un accompagnement. Ce que vous proposez, c’est précisément ce que refuse un agriculteur betteravier, qui n’a que trois souhaits quand il se lève le matin : semer, dans le respect de ses terres et de la biodiversité, récolter et transformer sa betterave en sucre, pour vivre dignement de son métier. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209645",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf06973b7221e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Quant à nous, nous refusons de porter cette responsabilité. Ce que vous proposez, chers collègues, c’est un chèque ; nous proposons un accompagnement. Ce que vous proposez, c’est précisément ce que refuse un agriculteur betteravier, qui n’a que trois souhaits quand il se lève le matin : semer, dans le respect de ses terres et de la biodiversité, récolter et transformer sa betterave en sucre, pour vivre dignement de son métier. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209622",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209622"
   ],
   "order": 266,
   "text": "Il ne veut ni d’une taxe ni d’une subvention ni d’un chèque. Notre objectif est de sortir la filière de l’impasse ; le vôtre, de la laisser sur le bas-côté ! (M. Roland Lescure, président de la commission, applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
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   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209622",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N49987301657d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne veut ni d’une taxe ni d’une subvention ni d’un chèque. Notre objectif est de sortir la filière de l’impasse ; le vôtre, de la laisser sur le bas-côté ! (M. [PERSONNE], président de la commission, applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209347"
   ],
   "order": 272,
   "text": "Monsieur Millienne, je pense comme vous que le développement des haies, également évoqué par M. Benoit, est important. Conformément à l’engagement que j’ai pris dans le cadre du plan de relance, une enveloppe de 50 millions lui sera allouée.Monsieur Dive, un plan ambitieux en faveur de la pollinisation est en effet nécessaire –⁠ d’autres l’ont également souligné. Il n’est nullement contradictoire avec le projet de loi, bien au contraire. Les deux sujets doivent être abordés de manière volontariste. M. Turquois l’a rappelé à juste titre : l’accès des abeilles à la nourriture est difficile au printemps. C’est ce problème que nous devons régler.Monsieur Potier, nous nous connaissons bien et nous respectons nos positions respectives. J’ai pris connaissance avec beaucoup d’intérêt du plan B que vous proposez et je vous remercie de ce travail. Je remercie également les députés de la majorité et ceux de l’opposition de leurs diverses propositions. Mais vous reconnaissez vous-même, monsieur le député, qu’il ne sera possible de se passer des néonicotinoïdes « qu’à terme ». La question est là : de combien de temps avons-nous besoin ? Et quelle solution nous permettra d’éviter d’utiliser ces insecticides ?Vous avez par ailleurs rappelé à juste titre, parce que vous connaissez bien le sujet, que les secteurs agricole et agroalimentaire sont en pleine mutation. Bien qu’entamée il y a longtemps, cette mutation est trop peu évoquée. Je vous remercie donc de l’avoir mentionnée.Dans le plan B que vous proposez, les financements sont également abordés. Est-il possible d’accompagner financièrement la filière de la betterave –⁠ de la mettre sous perfusion, en quelque sorte – le temps de trouver une solution de remplacement aux néonicotinoïdes ? Je le répète, quelle que soit la source de financement, qu’il s’agisse d’une taxe ou d’une redevance, il n’est pas possible d’indemniser à 100 % les agriculteurs betteraviers. Ces derniers peuvent être tentés, en conséquence, de se tourner vers une autre culture plus rentable. Là réside toute la difficulté. Pourquoi sommes-nous aujourd’hui au milieu du gué ? Parce qu’il n’est pas possible d’indemniser les producteurs de betteraves à 100 %.Monsieur Benoit, vous avez évoqué la durée d’application de la dérogation : faut-il qu’elle soit d’un, de deux ou de trois ans ?Le projet de loi est fondé, je le répète, sur l’article 53 du règlement européen concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques. Cet article indique précisément que, dès lors qu’il existe une autre solution crédible, il n’est pas possible à un État membre d’utiliser la dérogation prévue. Il y a quelques années, la France avait d’ailleurs dénoncé au niveau européen son utilisation par la Lituanie et la Roumanie alors que les conditions nécessaires ne semblaient pas réunies.Le projet de loi ne vise donc pas à fixer un délai maximal qui serait laissé à la profession : dès lors qu’une autre solution aura été trouvée, les ministres chargés de l’environnement et de l’agriculture –⁠ qu’il s’agisse de Barbara Pompili et moi-même ou de nos successeurs – n’auront plus la possibilité de recourir à la dérogation.S’agissant de la pollinisation, que vous avez également abordée, j’ai déjà répondu.Monsieur le président Chassaigne, j’examinerai très attentivement votre proposition de loi visant à assurer un régime public d’assurance et de gestion des risques en agriculture. C’est une question que je suis de près. Pour le reste, je serais bien incapable de faire les contorsions que vous m’invitez à éviter. Comme je l’ai dit en répondant à M. Potier, nous devons trouver, collectivement, une solution pour passer le gué.Je sais que vous connaissez parfaitement le monde agricole, monsieur le président Chassaigne. La difficulté, j’y insiste, est que les betteraviers ne cultivent plus uniquement de la betterave, comme cela pouvait être le cas il y a vingt ans ; ils y consacrent 10 à 15 % de leurs surfaces. Au moment où nous parlons, les agriculteurs planifient l’assolement. Les betteraviers ont le choix : ils peuvent cultiver soit de la betterave, soit autre chose, par exemple des céréales.Mettez-vous à leur place. Premièrement, le rendement de la betterave peut, dans certaines parcelles, chuter de 50 %, voire davantage –⁠ le rendement des premières récoltes est pire encore que les estimations ne le laissaient présager. Deuxièmement, l’incertitude est complète, car personne n’est en mesure de prédire l’évolution de la maladie : cette année, le virus est parti du Sud et s’est propagé vers le Nord ; l’année dernière, il a progressé d’Est en Ouest. Troisièmement, comme je l’ai indiqué à M. Potier, nous ne pouvons pas créer de système assurantiel indemnisant les agriculteurs à 100 %, car la réglementation européenne nous en empêche. La règle « de minimis », en particulier, limite à 20 000 euros l’ensemble des aides accordées à un agriculteur sur trois exercices, ce qui n’est pas du tout à la hauteur des pertes subies.Dans ces conditions, que faites-vous si vous êtes betteravier ? Vous plantez des céréales. Or, si les betteraviers plantent tous des céréales cette année, les sucreries fermeront l’année prochaine, et il ne sera plus possible ensuite de cultiver de la betterave.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Millienne, je pense comme vous que le développement des haies, également évoqué par M. Benoit, est important. Conformément à l’engagement que j’ai pris dans le cadre du plan de relance, une enveloppe de 50 millions lui sera allouée.Monsieur Dive, un plan ambitieux en faveur de la pollinisation est en effet nécessaire –⁠ d’autres l’ont également souligné. Il n’est nullement contradictoire avec le projet de loi, bien au contraire. Les deux sujets doivent être abordés de manière volontariste. M. Turquois l’a rappelé à juste titre : l’accès des abeilles à la nourriture est difficile au printemps. C’est ce problème que nous devons régler.Monsieur Potier, nous nous connaissons bien et nous respectons nos positions respectives. J’ai pris connaissance avec beaucoup d’intérêt du plan B que vous proposez et je vous remercie de ce travail. Je remercie également les députés de la majorité et ceux de l’opposition de leurs diverses propositions. Mais vous reconnaissez vous-même, monsieur le député, qu’il ne sera possible de se passer des néonicotinoïdes « qu’à terme ». La question est là : de combien de temps avons-nous besoin ? Et quelle solution nous permettra d’éviter d’utiliser ces insecticides ?Vous avez par ailleurs rappelé à juste titre, parce que vous connaissez bien le sujet, que les secteurs agricole et agroalimentaire sont en pleine mutation. Bien qu’entamée il y a longtemps, cette mutation est trop peu évoquée. Je vous remercie donc de l’avoir mentionnée.Dans le plan B que vous proposez, les financements sont également abordés. Est-il possible d’accompagner financièrement la filière de la betterave –⁠ de la mettre sous perfusion, en quelque sorte – le temps de trouver une solution de remplacement aux néonicotinoïdes ? Je le répète, quelle que soit la source de financement, qu’il s’agisse d’une taxe ou d’une redevance, il n’est pas possible d’indemniser à 100 % les agriculteurs betteraviers. Ces derniers peuvent être tentés, en conséquence, de se tourner vers une autre culture plus rentable. Là réside toute la difficulté. Pourquoi sommes-nous aujourd’hui au milieu du gué ? Parce qu’il n’est pas possible d’indemniser les producteurs de betteraves à 100 %.Monsieur Benoit, vous avez évoqué la durée d’application de la dérogation : faut-il qu’elle soit d’un, de deux ou de trois ans ?Le projet de loi est fondé, je le répète, sur l’article 53 du règlement européen concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques. Cet article indique précisément que, dès lors qu’il existe une autre solution crédible, il n’est pas possible à un État membre d’utiliser la dérogation prévue. Il y a quelques années, la France avait d’ailleurs dénoncé au niveau européen son utilisation par la Lituanie et la Roumanie alors que les conditions nécessaires ne semblaient pas réunies.Le projet de loi ne vise donc pas à fixer un délai maximal qui serait laissé à la profession : dès lors qu’une autre solution aura été trouvée, les ministres chargés de l’environnement et de l’agriculture –⁠ qu’il s’agisse de [PERSONNE] et moi-même ou de nos successeurs – n’auront plus la possibilité de recourir à la dérogation.S’agissant de la pollinisation, que vous avez également abordée, j’ai déjà répondu.Monsieur le président Chassaigne, j’examinerai très attentivement votre proposition de loi visant à assurer un régime public d’assurance et de gestion des risques en agriculture. C’est une question que je suis de près. Pour le reste, je serais bien incapable de faire les contorsions que vous m’invitez à éviter. Comme je l’ai dit en répondant à M. Potier, nous devons trouver, collectivement, une solution pour passer le gué.Je sais que vous connaissez parfaitement le monde agricole, monsieur le président Chassaigne. La difficulté, j’y insiste, est que les betteraviers ne cultivent plus uniquement de la betterave, comme cela pouvait être le cas il y a vingt ans ; ils y consacrent 10 à 15 % de leurs surfaces. Au moment où nous parlons, les agriculteurs planifient l’assolement. Les betteraviers ont le choix : ils peuvent cultiver soit de la betterave, soit autre chose, par exemple des céréales.Mettez-vous à leur place. Premièrement, le rendement de la betterave peut, dans certaines parcelles, chuter de 50 %, voire davantage –⁠ le rendement des premières récoltes est pire encore que les estimations ne le laissaient présager. Deuxièmement, l’incertitude est complète, car personne n’est en mesure de prédire l’évolution de la maladie : cette année, le virus est parti du Sud et s’est propagé vers le Nord ; l’année dernière, il a progressé d’Est en Ouest. Troisièmement, comme je l’ai indiqué à M. Potier, nous ne pouvons pas créer de système assurantiel indemnisant les agriculteurs à 100 %, car la réglementation européenne nous en empêche. La règle « de minimis », en particulier, limite à 20 000 euros l’ensemble des aides accordées à un agriculteur sur trois exercices, ce qui n’est pas du tout à la hauteur des pertes subies.Dans ces conditions, que faites-vous si vous êtes betteravier ? Vous plantez des céréales. Or, si les betteraviers plantent tous des céréales cette année, les sucreries fermeront l’année prochaine, et il ne sera plus possible ensuite de cultiver de la betterave."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
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   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
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   "order": 278,
   "text": "Oui, à ce sujet, bien sûr. La transition écologique est nécessaire, mais de quelle manière voulons-nous la rendre possible ? En permettant à la filière de passer le gué, pour qu’elle continue à vivre, ou bien en nous contenant de proférer des incantations et d’invoquer le caractère nécessaire de la transition ? Le courage, aujourd’hui, consiste à rendre cette transition possible. Il faut notamment mettre la pression en matière de recherche et développement. C’est pourquoi le Gouvernement y consacrera 7 millions d’euros et sera représenté, de même que les assemblées, au sein du système de gouvernance prévu.Madame la ministre Batho, vous avez parlé d’« empoisonnement des terres de France ». Or vous n’avez jamais rappelé le référentiel. Vous n’avez jamais évoqué l’utilisation récurrente aujourd’hui de certains produits au-dessus des nappes phréatiques.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, à ce sujet, bien sûr. La transition écologique est nécessaire, mais de quelle manière voulons-nous la rendre possible ? En permettant à la filière de passer le gué, pour qu’elle continue à vivre, ou bien en nous contenant de proférer des incantations et d’invoquer le caractère nécessaire de la transition ? Le courage, aujourd’hui, consiste à rendre cette transition possible. Il faut notamment mettre la pression en matière de recherche et développement. C’est pourquoi le Gouvernement y consacrera 7 millions d’euros et sera représenté, de même que les assemblées, au sein du système de gouvernance prévu.Madame la ministre Batho, vous avez parlé d’« empoisonnement des terres de France ». Or vous n’avez jamais rappelé le référentiel. Vous n’avez jamais évoqué l’utilisation récurrente aujourd’hui de certains produits au-dessus des nappes phréatiques."
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   ],
   "order": 282,
   "text": "Demain, nous allons continuer à importer des productions qui se soldent par l’empoisonnement de terres européennes ; ce sera l’écologie du chacun pour soi. Telle n’est pas la conception de l’écologie que j’ai enracinée en moi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR. – M. Charles de Courson et Mme Lise Magnier applaudissent également. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Par ailleurs, lorsque vous affirmez à la tribune que le Gouvernement trompe les députés en prétendant que la dérogation sera circonscrite à la betterave, vous jetez la suspicion –⁠ car il s’agit bien de cela, vous en rendez-vous compte ? – sur un ministre de la République, alors que vous avez été vous-même ministre de la République. C’est une honte, je vous le dis comme je le pense. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR. – M. Charles de Courson et Mme Lise Magnier applaudissent également. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 175,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209073",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nca6bb77d95a7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Demain, nous allons continuer à importer des productions qui se soldent par l’empoisonnement de terres européennes ; ce sera l’écologie du chacun pour soi. Telle n’est pas la conception de l’écologie que j’ai enracinée en moi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent également. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Par ailleurs, lorsque vous affirmez à la tribune que le Gouvernement trompe les députés en prétendant que la dérogation sera circonscrite à la betterave, vous jetez la suspicion –⁠ car il s’agit bien de cela, vous en rendez-vous compte ? – sur un ministre de la République, alors que vous avez été vous-même ministre de la République. C’est une honte, je vous le dis comme je le pense. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent également. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209076",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209076"
   ],
   "order": 284,
   "text": "Enfin, vous avez appelé les députés de la majorité présidentielle à voter en conscience. Mais où donc était votre conscience, madame la ministre, lorsque le gouvernement dont vous étiez membre a approuvé, au Conseil « agriculture et pêche » de juin 2013, la réforme de la PAC qui a mis fin aux quotas ? Cessez d’en appeler à la conscience des autres ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209076",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N64303e3ba523",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin, vous avez appelé les députés de la majorité présidentielle à voter en conscience. Mais où donc était votre conscience, madame la ministre, lorsque le gouvernement dont vous étiez membre a approuvé, au Conseil « agriculture et pêche » de juin 2013, la réforme de la PAC qui a mis fin aux quotas ? Cessez d’en appeler à la conscience des autres ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209079",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209079"
   ],
   "order": 287,
   "text": "Monsieur Falorni, il ne s’agit pas d’un renoncement, et nous n’opposons pas l’économie à l’écologie ; c’est notre souveraineté qui est en jeu. Je veux réaliser la transition écologique. C’est précisément dans cet objectif que je me suis engagé dans la filière agricole, il y a vingt-cinq ans. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Cependant, pour réaliser une transition, encore faut-il qu’il y ait une filière ! Sans filière, on ne peut pas faire de transition, si ce n’est avec soi-même, ce qui revient à tourner en rond. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LaREM, sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 109,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209079",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na90df65a549d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Falorni, il ne s’agit pas d’un renoncement, et nous n’opposons pas l’économie à l’écologie ; c’est notre souveraineté qui est en jeu. Je veux réaliser la transition écologique. C’est précisément dans cet objectif que je me suis engagé dans la filière agricole, il y a vingt-cinq ans. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Cependant, pour réaliser une transition, encore faut-il qu’il y ait une filière ! Sans filière, on ne peut pas faire de transition, si ce n’est avec soi-même, ce qui revient à tourner en rond. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE], sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209086",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209086"
   ],
   "order": 294,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, mon propos vous a manifestement énervé. Je souhaite, pour la bonne tenue de la discussion qui va suivre, que nous avancions des arguments de fond, en nous gardant de toute agressivité ou attaque personnelle. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et LR.)J’ai effectivement été ministre de la République, et je tiens à rappeler –⁠ peut-être l’avez-vous oublié – que j’ai opposé alors à la discipline gouvernementale la conception que je me fais de la conscience en politique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209086",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5f0bc2aac3c1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, mon propos vous a manifestement énervé. Je souhaite, pour la bonne tenue de la discussion qui va suivre, que nous avancions des arguments de fond, en nous gardant de toute agressivité ou attaque personnelle. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE].)J’ai effectivement été ministre de la République, et je tiens à rappeler –⁠ peut-être l’avez-vous oublié – que j’ai opposé alors à la discipline gouvernementale la conception que je me fais de la conscience en politique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209190",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209190"
   ],
   "order": 299,
   "text": "J’apporte tout mon soutien à ma collègue Delphine Batho : nous n’avons pas besoin de cela pour occuper les heures de débat qui nous attendent, et j’appelle chacun à garder une expression mesurée.Vous en avez d’autant moins besoin, monsieur le ministre, que –⁠ j’en conviens – vous connaissez très bien le dossier. Ce n’est pas vous, contrairement à d’autres, que l’on entendrait nous expliquer que le problème des néonicotinoïdes n’est pas bien grave car les betteraves ne fleurissent pas ; cette affirmation sans fondement scientifique, nous l’avons entendue tout à l’heure dans la bouche de M. le rapporteur.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209190",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N954876247551",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’apporte tout mon soutien à ma collègue [PERSONNE] : nous n’avons pas besoin de cela pour occuper les heures de débat qui nous attendent, et j’appelle chacun à garder une expression mesurée.Vous en avez d’autant moins besoin, monsieur le ministre, que –⁠ j’en conviens – vous connaissez très bien le dossier. Ce n’est pas vous, contrairement à d’autres, que l’on entendrait nous expliquer que le problème des néonicotinoïdes n’est pas bien grave car les betteraves ne fleurissent pas ; cette affirmation sans fondement scientifique, nous l’avons entendue tout à l’heure dans la bouche de M. le rapporteur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209193",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209193"
   ],
   "order": 301,
   "text": "Plusieurs options économiques s’offrent à nous. Ne faites pas croire que la proposition du groupe Écologie Démocratie Solidarité serait de mettre sous perfusion la filière betteravière en signant un chèque aux agriculteurs ; ils veulent tout sauf cela, et ce n’est pas notre position.Notre position est la suivante. Nous proposons que le système assurantiel couvre 100 % des pertes potentielles de la filière –⁠ je dis potentielles car nous espérons que l’année prochaine moins exceptionnelle du point de vue météorologique –⁠ : 65 % seront remboursés par l’Union européenne via le FEADER –⁠ Fonds européen agricole pour le développement rural – et les 35 % restants seraient financés par les cotisations des agriculteurs. Cela se pratique déjà pour d’autres maladies dans le cadre du FMSE –⁠ Fonds national agricole de mutualisation sanitaire et environnemental.Abandonnez les postures et les effets d’estrade qui consistent à dire : « Vous savez bien que nous ne pouvons pas indemniser à 100 %. » Nous proposons de le faire pour 65 % grâce au FEADER et pour 35 % grâce aux cotisations de la MSA ; ce serait rentable économiquement et défendable dans le cas des néonicotinoïdes. Cessez de recourir à la caricature. Nous ne voulons pas mettre la filière sous perfusion, nous voulons votre avis sur la proposition que nous défendons.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 217,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209193",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3c9e1e96f719",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Plusieurs options économiques s’offrent à nous. Ne faites pas croire que la proposition du groupe [GROUPE] serait de mettre sous perfusion la filière betteravière en signant un chèque aux agriculteurs ; ils veulent tout sauf cela, et ce n’est pas notre position.Notre position est la suivante. Nous proposons que le système assurantiel couvre 100 % des pertes potentielles de la filière –⁠ je dis potentielles car nous espérons que l’année prochaine moins exceptionnelle du point de vue météorologique –⁠ : 65 % seront remboursés par l’Union européenne via le FEADER –⁠ Fonds européen agricole pour le développement rural – et les 35 % restants seraient financés par les cotisations des agriculteurs. Cela se pratique déjà pour d’autres maladies dans le cadre du FMSE –⁠ Fonds national agricole de mutualisation sanitaire et environnemental.Abandonnez les postures et les effets d’estrade qui consistent à dire : « Vous savez bien que nous ne pouvons pas indemniser à 100 %. » Nous proposons de le faire pour 65 % grâce au FEADER et pour 35 % grâce aux cotisations de la MSA ; ce serait rentable économiquement et défendable dans le cas des néonicotinoïdes. Cessez de recourir à la caricature. Nous ne voulons pas mettre la filière sous perfusion, nous voulons votre avis sur la proposition que nous défendons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605084",
   "speaker": "Jacques Krabal",
   "quality": "M. Jacques Krabal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209197",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209197"
   ],
   "order": 303,
   "text": "Nous sommes tous conscients de la dangerosité de ces produits, et nous n’avons pas attendu ce texte pour la connaître. Il n’est donc pas acceptable de parler de recul démocratique : nous apportons seulement une réponse exceptionnelle à une situation exceptionnellement catastrophique.Faire de la politique, ce n’est pas seulement fonder son action sur une idéologie, des jugements et des valeurs, c’est privilégier l’efficacité, le concret et le réalisme aux considérations de principe ; c’est, surtout, prendre en compte une problématique globale. Or, sur le sujet qui nous occupe, la problématique globale n’est pas une opposition entre l’écologie et l’économie, encore moins entre les abeilles et les betteraves ou la biodiversité et l’emploi.Un projet de loi doit prendre en considération l’ensemble de la question, et c’est ce qu’a fait le Gouvernement : il s’agit d’accélérer le passage de l’agriculture conventionnelle vers l’agroécologie. Il s’agit également de renforcer la souveraineté alimentaire de la France et d’accélérer le plan de protection des pollinisateurs, dont je souhaiterais que nous parlions plus longuement.Il faudrait aussi parler des agriculteurs. Monsieur le ministre, s’il y a un problème de souveraineté pour le sucre, regardez donc aussi celui du miel ! Les apiculteurs que j’ai rencontrés sur mon territoire sont des gens responsables. Ils comprennent que nous soyons à l’écoute de la filière sucrière, mais ils souhaiteraient être davantage soutenus. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.)Voilà pourquoi nous soutenons le projet de loi.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 236,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209197",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0d9412f863e6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes tous conscients de la dangerosité de ces produits, et nous n’avons pas attendu ce texte pour la connaître. Il n’est donc pas acceptable de parler de recul démocratique : nous apportons seulement une réponse exceptionnelle à une situation exceptionnellement catastrophique.Faire de la politique, ce n’est pas seulement fonder son action sur une idéologie, des jugements et des valeurs, c’est privilégier l’efficacité, le concret et le réalisme aux considérations de principe ; c’est, surtout, prendre en compte une problématique globale. Or, sur le sujet qui nous occupe, la problématique globale n’est pas une opposition entre l’écologie et l’économie, encore moins entre les abeilles et les betteraves ou la biodiversité et l’emploi.Un projet de loi doit prendre en considération l’ensemble de la question, et c’est ce qu’a fait le Gouvernement : il s’agit d’accélérer le passage de l’agriculture conventionnelle vers l’agroécologie. Il s’agit également de renforcer la souveraineté alimentaire de la France et d’accélérer le plan de protection des pollinisateurs, dont je souhaiterais que nous parlions plus longuement.Il faudrait aussi parler des agriculteurs. Monsieur le ministre, s’il y a un problème de souveraineté pour le sucre, regardez donc aussi celui du miel ! Les apiculteurs que j’ai rencontrés sur mon territoire sont des gens responsables. Ils comprennent que nous soyons à l’écoute de la filière sucrière, mais ils souhaiteraient être davantage soutenus. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Voilà pourquoi nous soutenons le projet de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720630",
   "speaker": "Maxime Minot",
   "quality": "M. Maxime Minot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209203",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209203"
   ],
   "order": 305,
   "text": "Compte tenu des enjeux, il convient d’aborder le sujet avec le bon sens de ceux de là-bas, qui ont les pieds dans les champs, et non pas avec le dogmatisme de ceux d’ici, qui ont la tête dans les étoiles et font de l’écologie de salon.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209203",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9931b1fa741f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Compte tenu des enjeux, il convient d’aborder le sujet avec le bon sens de ceux de là-bas, qui ont les pieds dans les champs, et non pas avec le dogmatisme de ceux d’ici, qui ont la tête dans les étoiles et font de l’écologie de salon."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720630",
   "speaker": "Maxime Minot",
   "quality": "M. Maxime Minot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209205",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209205"
   ],
   "order": 307,
   "text": "En réalité, les méthodes prônées par les écologistes et par d’autres sur ces bancs ne feront que mettre à mal un fleuron agricole mondial, garant de notre souveraineté. Elles nous conduiront à la situation absurde qui consiste à importer des produits étrangers respectant moins de normes sanitaires que celles que nous nous imposons à nous-mêmes.Est-ce à dire que nous sommes favorables au maintien ad vitam aeternam des produits phytopharmaceutiques dans les cultures ? La réponse est non. J’ai pleinement conscience de leur impact, mais ils sont aujourd’hui indispensables, faute d’une autre possibilité crédible,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209205",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Necb93274e491",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En réalité, les méthodes prônées par les écologistes et par d’autres sur ces bancs ne feront que mettre à mal un fleuron agricole mondial, garant de notre souveraineté. Elles nous conduiront à la situation absurde qui consiste à importer des produits étrangers respectant moins de normes sanitaires que celles que nous nous imposons à nous-mêmes.Est-ce à dire que nous sommes favorables au maintien ad vitam aeternam des produits phytopharmaceutiques dans les cultures ? La réponse est non. J’ai pleinement conscience de leur impact, mais ils sont aujourd’hui indispensables, faute d’une autre possibilité crédible,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720630",
   "speaker": "Maxime Minot",
   "quality": "M. Maxime Minot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209208",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209208"
   ],
   "order": 309,
   "text": "…laquelle, j’en suis sûr, sera trouvée à plus long terme. C’est justement l’objet de ce texte que de prévoir une dérogation limitée.En revanche, la restriction explicite pour les semences de betteraves sucrières ajoutée en commission à l’article 2 n’est pas sans soulever des interrogations juridiques sérieuses. Chers collègues, sur ce sujet, comme sur tant d’autres, il nous faut sortir des postures et des coups de communication permanents. Nous le devons à celles et ceux qui se battent chaque jour pour produire une alimentation de qualité, érigée en exemple dans le monde entier. Cessons de nous flageller sans cesse et de scier la branche sur laquelle nous sommes assis.Comme la plupart de mes collègues du groupe Les Républicains, je suis donc favorable au texte et je réitère mon soutien aux producteurs de betterave, qui sont nombreux dans mon département de l’Oise. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 147,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209208",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7671a98689b9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…laquelle, j’en suis sûr, sera trouvée à plus long terme. C’est justement l’objet de ce texte que de prévoir une dérogation limitée.En revanche, la restriction explicite pour les semences de betteraves sucrières ajoutée en commission à l’article 2 n’est pas sans soulever des interrogations juridiques sérieuses. Chers collègues, sur ce sujet, comme sur tant d’autres, il nous faut sortir des postures et des coups de communication permanents. Nous le devons à celles et ceux qui se battent chaque jour pour produire une alimentation de qualité, érigée en exemple dans le monde entier. Cessons de nous flageller sans cesse et de scier la branche sur laquelle nous sommes assis.Comme la plupart de mes collègues du groupe [GROUPE], je suis donc favorable au texte et je réitère mon soutien aux producteurs de betterave, qui sont nombreux dans mon département de l’Oise. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209212",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209212"
   ],
   "order": 311,
   "text": "L’article 1er prévoit d’autoriser de nouveau l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, alors que leurs effets néfastes sont reconnus par tous. Nous savons les difficultés qu’affrontent cette année les exploitants, notamment les betteraviers, du fait de la sécheresse. Or, comme l’indique l’étude d’impact, des conditions sanitaires exceptionnelles seront amenées à se répéter de plus en plus souvent. Ces conditions –⁠ hiver très doux suivi d’un printemps chaud et lumineux –, nous en connaissons la cause. Elle tient en deux mots : dérèglement climatique.Le groupe Socialistes et apparentés a formulé des propositions, au premier rang desquelles figure la création de mécanismes de compensation. Mais il est temps de s’interroger sur des adaptations à court, moyen et long terme. Notre société, et les secteurs les plus exposés aux conséquences de ces changements, doivent réfléchir dès à présent non seulement à des produits de substitution, lesquels peuvent eux aussi poser problème, mais surtout à des pratiques alternatives. Cette réflexion doit se traduire par une nette orientation vers la conversion agroécologique.La loi date de 2016. Quels efforts avons-nous consentis depuis lors à la recherche et au soutien de solutions viables ? L’étude d’impact indique que l’effort de recherche et développement sera complété et amplifié afin d’accélérer l’identification de propositions opérationnelles : avec quels moyens et pour quelles priorités ? Aujourd’hui, sur le terrain, il faut inciter et soutenir massivement les exploitants à engager une véritable conversion appuyée sur des pratiques respectueuses des écosystèmes. Car, nous le savons, la résilience aux crises augmente lorsque ces orientations sont empruntées par les agriculteurs.Il est plus que temps d’accompagner la mutation du secteur et de l’ensemble de l’agriculture pour l’adapter au long terme et la rendre définitivement indépendante des néonicotinoïdes, pour préserver aussi bien la biodiversité que la santé des hommes et des femmes de la filière, de l’ensemble des Français et de l’humanité. Leur réautorisation n’est donc pas envisageable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 316,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209212",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2287d20499ad",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er prévoit d’autoriser de nouveau l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, alors que leurs effets néfastes sont reconnus par tous. Nous savons les difficultés qu’affrontent cette année les exploitants, notamment les betteraviers, du fait de la sécheresse. Or, comme l’indique l’étude d’impact, des conditions sanitaires exceptionnelles seront amenées à se répéter de plus en plus souvent. Ces conditions –⁠ hiver très doux suivi d’un printemps chaud et lumineux –, nous en connaissons la cause. Elle tient en deux mots : dérèglement climatique.Le groupe [GROUPE] a formulé des propositions, au premier rang desquelles figure la création de mécanismes de compensation. Mais il est temps de s’interroger sur des adaptations à court, moyen et long terme. Notre société, et les secteurs les plus exposés aux conséquences de ces changements, doivent réfléchir dès à présent non seulement à des produits de substitution, lesquels peuvent eux aussi poser problème, mais surtout à des pratiques alternatives. Cette réflexion doit se traduire par une nette orientation vers la conversion agroécologique.La loi date de 2016. Quels efforts avons-nous consentis depuis lors à la recherche et au soutien de solutions viables ? L’étude d’impact indique que l’effort de recherche et développement sera complété et amplifié afin d’accélérer l’identification de propositions opérationnelles : avec quels moyens et pour quelles priorités ? Aujourd’hui, sur le terrain, il faut inciter et soutenir massivement les exploitants à engager une véritable conversion appuyée sur des pratiques respectueuses des écosystèmes. Car, nous le savons, la résilience aux crises augmente lorsque ces orientations sont empruntées par les agriculteurs.Il est plus que temps d’accompagner la mutation du secteur et de l’ensemble de l’agriculture pour l’adapter au long terme et la rendre définitivement indépendante des néonicotinoïdes, pour préserver aussi bien la biodiversité que la santé des hommes et des femmes de la filière, de l’ensemble des Français et de l’humanité. Leur réautorisation n’est donc pas envisageable. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209217",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209217"
   ],
   "order": 313,
   "text": "Il est illusoire de penser que nous pourrons régler un problème économique par une solution chimique. La preuve en est que le problème économique est antérieur à ceux que vous invoquez. La dérégulation et la fin des quotas avaient déjà provoqué la fermeture de quatre sucreries ces dernières années.Apporter une mauvaise réponse à ce réel problème économique (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LaREM) en limitant dans le temps et dans l’espace –⁠ comme vous voulez nous le faire croire – les pulvérisations de néonicotinoïdes,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 85,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209217",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9872969c6f5a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est illusoire de penser que nous pourrons régler un problème économique par une solution chimique. La preuve en est que le problème économique est antérieur à ceux que vous invoquez. La dérégulation et la fin des quotas avaient déjà provoqué la fermeture de quatre sucreries ces dernières années.Apporter une mauvaise réponse à ce réel problème économique (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]) en limitant dans le temps et dans l’espace –⁠ comme vous voulez nous le faire croire – les pulvérisations de néonicotinoïdes,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209220",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209220"
   ],
   "order": 315,
   "text": "…c’est commettre une erreur fondamentale et méconnaître le mode d’action de ces pesticides. Nous vous l’avons déjà répété plusieurs fois : ils ne connaissent de limite ni spatiale ni temporelle ; leur rémanence est supérieure à vingt ans ; ils se répandent largement au-delà de la culture visée, s’étendant sur les cultures voisines après avoir été transportés dans l’air et dispersés dans les nappes phréatiques, et polluant les sols pour plusieurs décennies.Vous invoquez l’argument selon lequel les semences enrobées permettraient une utilisation ciblée. Au contraire, les semences enrobées, c’est justement le non-ciblage ; c’est l’utilisation systématique et préventive du produit sur toutes les surfaces, quelles que soient les conditions de culture ultérieures. C’est ainsi que l’on provoque un dumping environnemental.Monsieur le ministre, vous parliez à cor et à cri de la Pologne : oui, si nous continuons dans la voie du moins-disant environnemental,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 143,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209220",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N616edaed124a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…c’est commettre une erreur fondamentale et méconnaître le mode d’action de ces pesticides. Nous vous l’avons déjà répété plusieurs fois : ils ne connaissent de limite ni spatiale ni temporelle ; leur rémanence est supérieure à vingt ans ; ils se répandent largement au-delà de la culture visée, s’étendant sur les cultures voisines après avoir été transportés dans l’air et dispersés dans les nappes phréatiques, et polluant les sols pour plusieurs décennies.Vous invoquez l’argument selon lequel les semences enrobées permettraient une utilisation ciblée. Au contraire, les semences enrobées, c’est justement le non-ciblage ; c’est l’utilisation systématique et préventive du produit sur toutes les surfaces, quelles que soient les conditions de culture ultérieures. C’est ainsi que l’on provoque un dumping environnemental.Monsieur le ministre, vous parliez à cor et à cri de la Pologne : oui, si nous continuons dans la voie du moins-disant environnemental,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209224"
   ],
   "order": 317,
   "text": "…nous n’obtiendrons pas que nos voisins européens adoptent des pratiques plus vertueuses afin que tous bénéficient d’une production sucrière enfin à la hauteur de nos attentes, c’est-à-dire d’une production saine pour toutes et pour tous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes FI et EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209224",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc13e56bec600",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…nous n’obtiendrons pas que nos voisins européens adoptent des pratiques plus vertueuses afin que tous bénéficient d’une production sucrière enfin à la hauteur de nos attentes, c’est-à-dire d’une production saine pour toutes et pour tous. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes FI et EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722110",
   "speaker": "Hubert Wulfranc",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Wulfranc",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209226",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209226"
   ],
   "order": 319,
   "text": "À nos yeux, votre décision est assez logique ; elle accompagne la libéralisation de 2017. Cela n’a rien d’étonnant de la part d’un gouvernement de droite, même si la jaunisse doit vous donner quelques suées.Rappelons cet impératif : le marché du sucre, c’est la libéralisation de 2017 ; c’est la surproduction accompagnée d’une restructuration au pas de charge ; c’est la chute des prix au planteur et c’est une obligation de rendement maximum. Résultat : la betterave ne paie plus. 20 euros la tonne ! Ça licencie dans la filière. On a cité les usines de Bourdon, de Toury, de Cagny, d’Eppeville ; aujourd’hui même, dans Le Monde, on apprend que l’usine d’Erstein est en activité partielle et tend vers la fermeture ; la distillerie de Deulep a fermé et l’usine de déshydratation de Puisieulx est mise sous cocon –⁠ retenez l’expression.Quelle a été jusqu’ici la réponse des pouvoirs publics ? Rien. Et voilà la jaunisse, un aléa qui fait mal : alors, on décide de recourir à une dérogation déjà systématiquement demandée par onze pays européens depuis 2016. Quel aveu de double langage, après que les industriels de la betterave ont multiplié les pressions contre la loi de 2016. Ce serait un tour de force, disent les chercheurs eux-mêmes, de trouver un remède à la maladie endémique de la jaunisse d’ici à 2023.C’est un texte sans garantie sociale pour les planteurs, pour les salariés de l’industrie sucrière et pour la biodiversité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, FI et SOC.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 252,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209226",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf6f7fc25a427",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEIMQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À nos yeux, votre décision est assez logique ; elle accompagne la libéralisation de 2017. Cela n’a rien d’étonnant de la part d’un gouvernement de droite, même si la jaunisse doit vous donner quelques suées.Rappelons cet impératif : le marché du sucre, c’est la libéralisation de 2017 ; c’est la surproduction accompagnée d’une restructuration au pas de charge ; c’est la chute des prix au planteur et c’est une obligation de rendement maximum. Résultat : la betterave ne paie plus. 20 euros la tonne ! Ça licencie dans la filière. On a cité les usines de Bourdon, de Toury, de Cagny, d’Eppeville ; aujourd’hui même, dans Le Monde, on apprend que l’usine d’Erstein est en activité partielle et tend vers la fermeture ; la distillerie de Deulep a fermé et l’usine de déshydratation de Puisieulx est mise sous cocon –⁠ retenez l’expression.Quelle a été jusqu’ici la réponse des pouvoirs publics ? Rien. Et voilà la jaunisse, un aléa qui fait mal : alors, on décide de recourir à une dérogation déjà systématiquement demandée par onze pays européens depuis 2016. Quel aveu de double langage, après que les industriels de la betterave ont multiplié les pressions contre la loi de 2016. Ce serait un tour de force, disent les chercheurs eux-mêmes, de trouver un remède à la maladie endémique de la jaunisse d’ici à 2023.C’est un texte sans garantie sociale pour les planteurs, pour les salariés de l’industrie sucrière et pour la biodiversité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA942",
   "speaker": "Charles de Courson",
   "quality": "M. Charles de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209231",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209231"
   ],
   "order": 321,
   "text": "Quelles raisons plaident pour un vote en faveur de l’article 1er ? Il y a tout d’abord des raisons économiques et sociales.Premièrement, si nous ne parvenons pas à lutter efficacement contre les pucerons verts, la chute des rendements entraînera l’abandon progressif de la betterave par les 25 000 exploitants agricoles qui la cultivent. En effet, si la rentabilité de cette production chute très fortement du fait de la diminution des rendements, laquelle peut atteindre 20 % à 50 %, ces 25 000 agriculteurs se reporteront sur d’autres cultures plus rémunératrices.Deuxièmement, ceux qui expliquent qu’il suffit de compenser financièrement les pertes de rendement et qui les évaluent à 77 millions d’euros par an devraient se poser deux questions simples. Une compensation intégrale est-elle eurocompatible ? La réponse est non. Cette éventuelle compensation serait-elle durable ? La réponse est également non.Le choix est donc clair : soit nous votons pour ce texte, et nous avons encore une chance de sauver la filière ; soit nous votons contre lui, et l’ensemble de la filière s’écroule. Les vingt-et-une usines fermeront et nous importerons notre sucre des onze pays qui, eux, ont eu recours à la dérogation prévue par la directive communautaire. Nous importerons même une part croissante de l’alcool industriel et des biocarburants consommés en France, lesquels représentent en tonnage plus de 25 % de la betterave utilisée –⁠ point qui n’a pas ou très peu été évoqué.On mettra au chômage les 20 000 salariés dépendant directement ou indirectement de l’industrie sucrière, dont beaucoup sont des travailleurs occasionnels, et dont la quasi-totalité vit dans le monde rural.J’en viens aux raisons environnementales. Les néonicotinoïdes sont-ils des tueurs d’abeilles ? (« Oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Oui, c’est vrai.Maisest-ce encore le cas quand ils sont utilisés en enrobage des semences de betterave et non en pulvérisation ? La réponse est non ! (« Non ! » sur les bancs des groupes LR et Dem. – « Si ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI – « Mais non ! » sur les bancs des groupes LR et Dem.)Allez dans les champs, mes chers collègues ! (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) La betterave ne fleurit qu’après deux ans de culture alors qu’on la récolte dès la première année. Avez-vous vu des abeilles butiner des betteraves ? Jamais !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 388,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209231",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na73cdcfd387b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quelles raisons plaident pour un vote en faveur de l’article 1er ? Il y a tout d’abord des raisons économiques et sociales.Premièrement, si nous ne parvenons pas à lutter efficacement contre les pucerons verts, la chute des rendements entraînera l’abandon progressif de la betterave par les 25 000 exploitants agricoles qui la cultivent. En effet, si la rentabilité de cette production chute très fortement du fait de la diminution des rendements, laquelle peut atteindre 20 % à 50 %, ces 25 000 agriculteurs se reporteront sur d’autres cultures plus rémunératrices.Deuxièmement, ceux qui expliquent qu’il suffit de compenser financièrement les pertes de rendement et qui les évaluent à 77 millions d’euros par an devraient se poser deux questions simples. Une compensation intégrale est-elle eurocompatible ? La réponse est non. Cette éventuelle compensation serait-elle durable ? La réponse est également non.Le choix est donc clair : soit nous votons pour ce texte, et nous avons encore une chance de sauver la filière ; soit nous votons contre lui, et l’ensemble de la filière s’écroule. Les vingt-et-une usines fermeront et nous importerons notre sucre des onze pays qui, eux, ont eu recours à la dérogation prévue par la directive communautaire. Nous importerons même une part croissante de l’alcool industriel et des biocarburants consommés en France, lesquels représentent en tonnage plus de 25 % de la betterave utilisée –⁠ point qui n’a pas ou très peu été évoqué.On mettra au chômage les 20 000 salariés dépendant directement ou indirectement de l’industrie sucrière, dont beaucoup sont des travailleurs occasionnels, et dont la quasi-totalité vit dans le monde rural.J’en viens aux raisons environnementales. Les néonicotinoïdes sont-ils des tueurs d’abeilles ? (« Oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Oui, c’est vrai.Maisest-ce encore le cas quand ils sont utilisés en enrobage des semences de betterave et non en pulvérisation ? La réponse est non ! (« Non ! » sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem. – « Si ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI – « Mais non ! » sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)Allez dans les champs, mes chers collègues ! (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) La betterave ne fleurit qu’après deux ans de culture alors qu’on la récolte dès la première année. Avez-vous vu des abeilles butiner des betteraves ? Jamais !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA942",
   "speaker": "Charles de Courson",
   "quality": "M. Charles de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210011",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210011"
   ],
   "order": 326,
   "text": "Très bien. Voter en faveur de ce texte, c’est faire le choix de la prudence, du pragmatisme et de la sagesse. (Applaudissements sur certains bancs des groupes LaREM, ainsi que sur les bancs des groupes Dem et LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210011",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N123ed7553594",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Très bien. Voter en faveur de ce texte, c’est faire le choix de la prudence, du pragmatisme et de la sagesse. (Applaudissements sur certains bancs des groupes [GROUPE], ainsi que sur les bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210013",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210013"
   ],
   "order": 328,
   "text": "Il vise à supprimer l’article 1er, afin d’empêcher la réintroduction d’un poison. Si les néonicotinoïdes en enrobage ne seront, en raison de leur modalité d’application, d’aucun secours cette année, ces substances chimiques causent des dommages graves à la biodiversité. Leurs effets sur les pollinisateurs sont bien connus, hélas, grâce à de nombreuses études scientifiques : à faible dose, ils altèrent leur sens de l’orientation et leurs capacités de reproduction ; à haute dose, ils les tuent.Enfin, les néonicotinoïdes, qui persistent pendant près de cinq ans dans les sols, ont un impact sur la faune, sur les sols, et plus largement sur l’ensemble de l’écosystème. Ils peuvent contaminer les zones en bordure des champs, être transportés par ruissellement dans les cours d’eau et polluer les nappes phréatiques.Au nom du principe de précaution, à valeur constitutionnelle, et de la loi du 8 août 2016, qui a inscrit le principe de non-régression à l’article 110-1 du code de l’environnement, nous présentons cet amendement de suppression, car l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ne doit en aucun cas faire l’objet de la moindre dérogation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 184,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210013",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7b4b6901a6c3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à supprimer l’article 1er, afin d’empêcher la réintroduction d’un poison. Si les néonicotinoïdes en enrobage ne seront, en raison de leur modalité d’application, d’aucun secours cette année, ces substances chimiques causent des dommages graves à la biodiversité. Leurs effets sur les pollinisateurs sont bien connus, hélas, grâce à de nombreuses études scientifiques : à faible dose, ils altèrent leur sens de l’orientation et leurs capacités de reproduction ; à haute dose, ils les tuent.Enfin, les néonicotinoïdes, qui persistent pendant près de cinq ans dans les sols, ont un impact sur la faune, sur les sols, et plus largement sur l’ensemble de l’écosystème. Ils peuvent contaminer les zones en bordure des champs, être transportés par ruissellement dans les cours d’eau et polluer les nappes phréatiques.Au nom du principe de précaution, à valeur constitutionnelle, et de la loi du 8 août 2016, qui a inscrit le principe de non-régression à l’article 110-1 du code de l’environnement, nous présentons cet amendement de suppression, car l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ne doit en aucun cas faire l’objet de la moindre dérogation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210017",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210017"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Il vise également à supprimer l’article 1er. Chers collègues, je vous informe d’un fait nouveau : la Commission européenne a fait une déclaration concernant les dérogations. Bruxelles pourrait, conformément à nos souhaits, bloquer la décision récente du Gouvernement français d’autoriser les agriculteurs à utiliser des pesticides à base de néonicotinoïdes, interdits sur les cultures de betterave.Monsieur le ministre, concernant la Pologne, nous considérons que le recours à l’article 53 du règlement no 1107/2009 du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 21 octobre 2009, pour contourner l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes décidée au niveau européen, n’est pas normal. La France devrait se battre pour soutenir la Commission dans son souhait de mettre fin à ces dérogations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS, SOC et FI.)Écoutons au moins dans ce débat les faits scientifiques ; ils ne peuvent être niés. Il n’est pas possible que le rapporteur du projet de loi à l’Assemblée nationale déclare, à la suite des lobbies, que, la betterave n’étant pas une plante à fleur, la mesure ne poserait pas de problème pour les insectes, les pollinisateurs et les vers de terre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)Des études scientifiques ont établi que, quand les néonicotinoïdes sont utilisés en enrobage de semences, de 80 à 98 % de cette substance pénètre les sols, les eaux, les milieux naturels et contamine les fleurs sauvages qui sont à proximité, avec des conséquences pour les pollinisateurs.Enfin, puisque l’on parle de conséquences économiques, discutons de celles subies par les apiculteurs, les producteurs de colza, de tournesol et de toutes les grandes cultures qui dépendent du travail gratuit des pollinisateurs ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 279,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210017",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N67c5982526f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise également à supprimer l’article 1er. Chers collègues, je vous informe d’un fait nouveau : la Commission européenne a fait une déclaration concernant les dérogations. Bruxelles pourrait, conformément à nos souhaits, bloquer la décision récente du Gouvernement français d’autoriser les agriculteurs à utiliser des pesticides à base de néonicotinoïdes, interdits sur les cultures de betterave.Monsieur le ministre, concernant la Pologne, nous considérons que le recours à l’article 53 du règlement no 1107/2009 du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 21 octobre 2009, pour contourner l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes décidée au niveau européen, n’est pas normal. La France devrait se battre pour soutenir la Commission dans son souhait de mettre fin à ces dérogations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS, [GROUPE] et FI.)Écoutons au moins dans ce débat les faits scientifiques ; ils ne peuvent être niés. Il n’est pas possible que le rapporteur du projet de loi à l’Assemblée nationale déclare, à la suite des lobbies, que, la betterave n’étant pas une plante à fleur, la mesure ne poserait pas de problème pour les insectes, les pollinisateurs et les vers de terre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)Des études scientifiques ont établi que, quand les néonicotinoïdes sont utilisés en enrobage de semences, de 80 à 98 % de cette substance pénètre les sols, les eaux, les milieux naturels et contamine les fleurs sauvages qui sont à proximité, avec des conséquences pour les pollinisateurs.Enfin, puisque l’on parle de conséquences économiques, discutons de celles subies par les apiculteurs, les producteurs de colza, de tournesol et de toutes les grandes cultures qui dépendent du travail gratuit des pollinisateurs ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210023",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210023"
   ],
   "order": 332,
   "text": "Cet article est fondé sur un renoncement et quelques mythes.Le renoncement concerne l’engagement évoqué par M. Falorni tout à l’heure : le 8 août 2016, le principe de non-régression en matière environnementale avait été inscrit dans la loi. Pourquoi le législateur s’est-il doté, dans ce domaine spécifique, d’un tel principe ? Parce que nous sommes face à une catastrophe environnementale généralisée, d’une ampleur telle –⁠ « la maison brûle et nous regardons ailleurs » –que nous ne pouvons plus prendre le moindre risque d’atermoiement. Nous n’avons plus le luxe de tergiverser.Eh bien oui, même si c’est contraignant, nous devons suivre cette discipline de société. De nouvelles raisons d’y renoncer apparaîtront toujours –⁠ une année plus chaude qu’une autre, une catastrophe d’une ampleur exceptionnelle –, nous poussant à reverser toujours sur l’environnement nos propres déboires, liés à nos défauts d’organisation.Quel poids aura la France demain, quand elle voudra donner des leçons d’écologie au monde ? On lui répondra : « Vous nous avez donné des leçons en 2016, en inscrivant le principe de non-régression dans la loi, et en vous plaçant à la pointe, en matière de néonicotinoïdes, mais à la première difficulté vous avez renoncé. »J’en viens aux mythes entendus ces dernières heures. L’enrobage serait une technique ciblée ? Non, en fait, il permet au poison de se répandre partout. La substance attaquerait juste les abeilles, et il suffirait de compenser cette autorisation en prenant des mesures en faveur des abeilles ? Non, elle attaque tout, comme cela a déjà été dit.Quant à l’argument selon lequel les betteraves ne fleurissent pas, et le miel de betterave n’existe pas : c’est incroyable qu’on l’entende encore dans cet hémicycle après tous les débats que nous avons eus, notamment en commission ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.) Cela a été démontré et redémontré : la substance va partout !On a retrouvé de ces poisons dans des champs de culture biologique qui n’avaient jamais été traités par l’imidaclopride ou thiaméthoxam. Une étude publiée l’an dernier par la revue Science a montré qu’au Japon, la population de poissons de tout un lac s’était effondrée seulement deux ans après l’introduction de néonicotinoïdes –⁠ ce ne fut pas simple à prouver, à cause des multiples effets paradoxaux ; il y a fallu vingt-cinq ans.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 381,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210023",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne08b0b5e8e27",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article est fondé sur un renoncement et quelques mythes.Le renoncement concerne l’engagement évoqué par M. Falorni tout à l’heure : le 8 août 2016, le principe de non-régression en matière environnementale avait été inscrit dans la loi. Pourquoi le législateur s’est-il doté, dans ce domaine spécifique, d’un tel principe ? Parce que nous sommes face à une catastrophe environnementale généralisée, d’une ampleur telle –⁠ « la maison brûle et nous regardons ailleurs » –que nous ne pouvons plus prendre le moindre risque d’atermoiement. Nous n’avons plus le luxe de tergiverser.Eh bien oui, même si c’est contraignant, nous devons suivre cette discipline de société. De nouvelles raisons d’y renoncer apparaîtront toujours –⁠ une année plus chaude qu’une autre, une catastrophe d’une ampleur exceptionnelle –, nous poussant à reverser toujours sur l’environnement nos propres déboires, liés à nos défauts d’organisation.Quel poids aura la France demain, quand elle voudra donner des leçons d’écologie au monde ? On lui répondra : « Vous nous avez donné des leçons en 2016, en inscrivant le principe de non-régression dans la loi, et en vous plaçant à la pointe, en matière de néonicotinoïdes, mais à la première difficulté vous avez renoncé. »J’en viens aux mythes entendus ces dernières heures. L’enrobage serait une technique ciblée ? Non, en fait, il permet au poison de se répandre partout. La substance attaquerait juste les abeilles, et il suffirait de compenser cette autorisation en prenant des mesures en faveur des abeilles ? Non, elle attaque tout, comme cela a déjà été dit.Quant à l’argument selon lequel les betteraves ne fleurissent pas, et le miel de betterave n’existe pas : c’est incroyable qu’on l’entende encore dans cet hémicycle après tous les débats que nous avons eus, notamment en commission ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.) Cela a été démontré et redémontré : la substance va partout !On a retrouvé de ces poisons dans des champs de culture biologique qui n’avaient jamais été traités par l’imidaclopride ou thiaméthoxam. Une étude publiée l’an dernier par la revue Science a montré qu’au Japon, la population de poissons de tout un lac s’était effondrée seulement deux ans après l’introduction de néonicotinoïdes –⁠ ce ne fut pas simple à prouver, à cause des multiples effets paradoxaux ; il y a fallu vingt-cinq ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719412",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Le Feur",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Le Feur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210035",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210035"
   ],
   "order": 338,
   "text": "Le métier d’agriculteur est très difficile. Je suis bien placée pour le savoir. Chaque année, les agriculteurs subissent des pertes, à cause des aléas climatiques ou sanitaires, notamment. Or quand on est agriculteur, on sait que, quand on s’engage dans une production donnée, on s’expose à tel ou tel de ces risques.Doit-on alors réautoriser le diméthoate pour les cerises, le chlorprophame pour les pommes de terre, l’acétochlore pour le maïs, l’endosulfan pour les pois et la féverole, le Mocap contre le taupin, et le DDT contre le doryphore, (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI) un coléoptère qui, de plus en plus, prolifère en Bretagne ? Vous aurez aussi noté les problèmes que pose le choucas dans cette région.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210035",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nea0512ab4088",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le métier d’agriculteur est très difficile. Je suis bien placée pour le savoir. Chaque année, les agriculteurs subissent des pertes, à cause des aléas climatiques ou sanitaires, notamment. Or quand on est agriculteur, on sait que, quand on s’engage dans une production donnée, on s’expose à tel ou tel de ces risques.Doit-on alors réautoriser le diméthoate pour les cerises, le chlorprophame pour les pommes de terre, l’acétochlore pour le maïs, l’endosulfan pour les pois et la féverole, le Mocap contre le taupin, et le DDT contre le doryphore, (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI) un coléoptère qui, de plus en plus, prolifère en Bretagne ? Vous aurez aussi noté les problèmes que pose le choucas dans cette région."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719412",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Le Feur",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Le Feur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210039",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210039"
   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "Certains producteurs viennent ainsi me voir pour demander la réautorisation de produits d’enrobage du maïs.Je ne suis pas d’accord pour que ces substances déclarées nocives et interdites soient réautorisées. Je préfère que nous accompagnions les exploitations pour qu’elles soient résilientes et diversifient leurs modèles économiques et écologiques.Je me suis rendue sur le terrain ; j’ai rencontré des agriculteurs, des producteurs de betterave pratiquant l’agriculture conventionnelle et biologique. Clairement, ils se trouvent dans une impasse –⁠ on ne peut le nier. Mais outre la jaunisse, ils sont confrontés à d’autres problèmes, comme la sécheresse. J’ai effectivement constaté, avec d’autres collègues, que la terre était très sèche.Plusieurs problèmes se conjuguent. La diversité des exploitations et leur résilience économique est une des solutions.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 120,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210039",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5042b08eed25",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Certains producteurs viennent ainsi me voir pour demander la réautorisation de produits d’enrobage du maïs.Je ne suis pas d’accord pour que ces substances déclarées nocives et interdites soient réautorisées. Je préfère que nous accompagnions les exploitations pour qu’elles soient résilientes et diversifient leurs modèles économiques et écologiques.Je me suis rendue sur le terrain ; j’ai rencontré des agriculteurs, des producteurs de betterave pratiquant l’agriculture conventionnelle et biologique. Clairement, ils se trouvent dans une impasse –⁠ on ne peut le nier. Mais outre la jaunisse, ils sont confrontés à d’autres problèmes, comme la sécheresse. J’ai effectivement constaté, avec d’autres collègues, que la terre était très sèche.Plusieurs problèmes se conjuguent. La diversité des exploitations et leur résilience économique est une des solutions."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719412",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Le Feur",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Le Feur",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210044",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210044"
   ],
   "order": 342,
   "text": "Je conclurai en rappelant ce que la souveraineté alimentaire consiste à contrôler la production pour qu’elle puisse alimenter le marché intérieur. Or actuellement la moitié de la production de betterave est exportée –⁠ ce contexte mérite d’être rappelé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 55,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210044",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N359620e76b54",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je conclurai en rappelant ce que la souveraineté alimentaire consiste à contrôler la production pour qu’elle puisse alimenter le marché intérieur. Or actuellement la moitié de la production de betterave est exportée –⁠ ce contexte mérite d’être rappelé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721210",
   "speaker": "Alexis Corbière",
   "quality": "M. Alexis Corbière",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210046",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210046"
   ],
   "order": 344,
   "text": "C’est un plaisir de constater la convergence d’arguments de grande qualité qui émanent de différents groupes. Je tiens à féliciter tous les orateurs que j’ai pu entendre.Monsieur le ministre, voyez : quelle que soit par ailleurs nos approches vis-à-vis de la politique menée par le Gouvernement, nous convergeons sur cette question.Alors que tant d’arguments ont déjà été donnés, je souhaite revenir sur vos propos de tout à l’heure, monsieur le ministre, parce qu’ils sont intenables du point de vue de la rigueur intellectuelle. Alors que vous soulignez vous-même que la grande question est de savoir comment sortir des néonicotinoïdes, la réponse que vous apportez est d’y revenir. Cela n’est pas entendable !Dernièrement, on a beaucoup invoqué les Lumières – mais qu’est-ce qui les empêche de triompher, en général ? L’obscurantisme ou les arguments financiers. Je vous accuse d’être guidé non par le premier, mais par les seconds.Écoutez la science ! Vous évoquez un risque pour notre souveraineté, mais le vrai risque, c’est la disparition des pollinisateurs, comme cela a été dit. Vingt ans d’études scientifiques, 1 220 études réalisées dans le monde entier établissent les effets hautement toxiques des néonicotinoïdes, vous le savez. Ils affectent la biodiversité, la qualité des sols. Depuis leur introduction, dans les années 1990, la production de miel en France a été divisée par trois, et la France importe plus de 70 % du miel consommé sur son sol.En 2017, une étude a révélé que 80 % de la biomasse des insectes volants a disparu en Europe en moins de trente ans ; les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées de près de 37 % dans l’ensemble de l’Union européenne en raison de ces produits. En octobre 2019, des scientifiques du CNRS et de l’INRA –⁠ l’Institut national de la recherche agronomique – ont démontré que la pollinisation des abeilles, d’ailleurs gratuite, est bien plus avantageuse que l’utilisation des pesticides. Les arguments donnés par la science sont nombreux.Nous pouvons faire autrement. Or vous vous enfermez dans une logique dévastatrice.Je terminerai en rappelant qu’un des facteurs qui pénalisent la filière de la betterave, que vous voulez défendre, est le changement climatique. C’est lui qui est responsable de la sécheresse ! Le mode de production agricole est remis en cause par le climat lui-même.Tout se tient dans cette affaire : le bon sens, la science et l’intérêt général demandent de supprimer l’article 1er. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 401,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210046",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb0e425f74e6a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un plaisir de constater la convergence d’arguments de grande qualité qui émanent de différents groupes. Je tiens à féliciter tous les orateurs que j’ai pu entendre.Monsieur le ministre, voyez : quelle que soit par ailleurs nos approches vis-à-vis de la politique menée par le Gouvernement, nous convergeons sur cette question.Alors que tant d’arguments ont déjà été donnés, je souhaite revenir sur vos propos de tout à l’heure, monsieur le ministre, parce qu’ils sont intenables du point de vue de la rigueur intellectuelle. Alors que vous soulignez vous-même que la grande question est de savoir comment sortir des néonicotinoïdes, la réponse que vous apportez est d’y revenir. Cela n’est pas entendable !Dernièrement, on a beaucoup invoqué les Lumières – mais qu’est-ce qui les empêche de triompher, en général ? L’obscurantisme ou les arguments financiers. Je vous accuse d’être guidé non par le premier, mais par les seconds.Écoutez la science ! Vous évoquez un risque pour notre souveraineté, mais le vrai risque, c’est la disparition des pollinisateurs, comme cela a été dit. Vingt ans d’études scientifiques, 1 220 études réalisées dans le monde entier établissent les effets hautement toxiques des néonicotinoïdes, vous le savez. Ils affectent la biodiversité, la qualité des sols. Depuis leur introduction, dans les années 1990, la production de miel en France a été divisée par trois, et la France importe plus de 70 % du miel consommé sur son sol.En 2017, une étude a révélé que 80 % de la biomasse des insectes volants a disparu en Europe en moins de trente ans ; les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées de près de 37 % dans l’ensemble de l’Union européenne en raison de ces produits. En octobre 2019, des scientifiques du CNRS et de l’INRA –⁠ l’Institut national de la recherche agronomique – ont démontré que la pollinisation des abeilles, d’ailleurs gratuite, est bien plus avantageuse que l’utilisation des pesticides. Les arguments donnés par la science sont nombreux.Nous pouvons faire autrement. Or vous vous enfermez dans une logique dévastatrice.Je terminerai en rappelant qu’un des facteurs qui pénalisent la filière de la betterave, que vous voulez défendre, est le changement climatique. C’est lui qui est responsable de la sécheresse ! Le mode de production agricole est remis en cause par le climat lui-même.Tout se tient dans cette affaire : le bon sens, la science et l’intérêt général demandent de supprimer l’article 1er. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA608172",
   "speaker": "Christine Pirès Beaune",
   "quality": "Mme Christine Pires Beaune",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210056",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210056"
   ],
   "order": 346,
   "text": "L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, ces tueurs d’abeilles qui sont aussi responsables de bien d’autres maux irréversibles pour la biodiversité et la qualité de nos sols, devait être totale à partir du 1er juillet 2020, avec la fin des dérogations. Mais vous en avez décidé autrement. Les abeilles continueront de mourir, nos sols continueront à être empoisonnés et pendant longtemps.Je rappelle que cette interdiction faisait pourtant partie des engagements de campagne d’Emmanuel Macron. En juin 2017, lors d’un entretien avec le directeur général de WWF –⁠ World Wildlife Fund –, il annonçait qu’il ne reviendrait pas sur cette interdiction. (« C’est vrai ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Or aujourd’hui, il se renie.Emmanuel Macron et ses ministres avaient salué en chœur l’entrée en vigueur de l’interdiction, le 1er septembre 2018, (« C’est vrai ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI) oubliant même qu’elle avait été votée en 2016.Le Président de la République se réjouissait ainsi, dans un message posté ce jour-là : « Notre engagement pour la biodiversité en action : l’interdiction des pesticides tueurs d’abeilles en vigueur aujourd’hui ». Le porte-parole du Gouvernement déclarait alors : « Il y a ceux qui parlent et ceux qui font. » Aujourd’hui, vous êtes ceux qui défont.Quant à la secrétaire d’État auprès du ministre de la transition écologique et solidaire, elle déclarait : « il s’agit d’une décision historique que nous avons eu le courage de mettre en œuvre. Car oui, il fallait du courage. » Je vous épargnerai les propos tenus par Barbara Pompili lors de la discussion du projet de loi instituant cette interdiction, en 2016.Cet historique montre que les politiques – dont je ne m’exclus pas –n’ont pas de parole. Emmanuel Macron a menti, Brune Poirson a menti, Barbara Pompili a menti, Benjamin Griveaux a menti. Ce sont ces mensonges, parmi d’autres, qui sont responsables du discrédit de la parole politique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC ainsi que sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.)Ce sont ces mensonges qui sont responsables d’une baisse continue de la participation aux élections. Arrêtons les promesses et les engagements que nous ne pouvons tenir.Je terminerai par une citation d’Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, parce qu’au-delà de notre démocratie, cette mesure menace aussi notre santé : « Nous n’héritons pas de la terre de nos ancêtres, nous l’empruntons à nos enfants. » Moi, j’ai envie de laisser à mes enfants une terre saine. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 416,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210056",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfb10a5df70f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, ces tueurs d’abeilles qui sont aussi responsables de bien d’autres maux irréversibles pour la biodiversité et la qualité de nos sols, devait être totale à partir du 1er juillet 2020, avec la fin des dérogations. Mais vous en avez décidé autrement. Les abeilles continueront de mourir, nos sols continueront à être empoisonnés et pendant longtemps.Je rappelle que cette interdiction faisait pourtant partie des engagements de campagne d’[PERSONNE]. En juin 2017, lors d’un entretien avec le directeur général de WWF –⁠ World Wildlife Fund –, il annonçait qu’il ne reviendrait pas sur cette interdiction. (« C’est vrai ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Or aujourd’hui, il se renie.[PERSONNE] et ses ministres avaient salué en chœur l’entrée en vigueur de l’interdiction, le 1er septembre 2018, (« C’est vrai ! » sur les bancs du groupe FI) oubliant même qu’elle avait été votée en 2016.Le Président de la République se réjouissait ainsi, dans un message posté ce jour-là : « Notre engagement pour la biodiversité en action : l’interdiction des pesticides tueurs d’abeilles en vigueur aujourd’hui ». Le porte-parole du Gouvernement déclarait alors : « Il y a ceux qui parlent et ceux qui font. » Aujourd’hui, vous êtes ceux qui défont.Quant à la secrétaire d’État auprès du ministre de la transition écologique et solidaire, elle déclarait : « il s’agit d’une décision historique que nous avons eu le courage de mettre en œuvre. Car oui, il fallait du courage. » Je vous épargnerai les propos tenus par [PERSONNE] lors de la discussion du projet de loi instituant cette interdiction, en 2016.Cet historique montre que les politiques – dont je ne m’exclus pas –n’ont pas de parole. [PERSONNE] a menti, [PERSONNE] a menti, [PERSONNE] a menti, [PERSONNE] a menti. Ce sont ces mensonges, parmi d’autres, qui sont responsables du discrédit de la parole politique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE] ainsi que sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Ce sont ces mensonges qui sont responsables d’une baisse continue de la participation aux élections. Arrêtons les promesses et les engagements que nous ne pouvons tenir.Je terminerai par une citation d’Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, parce qu’au-delà de notre démocratie, cette mesure menace aussi notre santé : « Nous n’héritons pas de la terre de nos ancêtres, nous l’empruntons à nos enfants. » Moi, j’ai envie de laisser à mes enfants une terre saine. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210109",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210109"
   ],
   "order": 348,
   "text": "La dérogation que propose l’article 1er est contraire à notre droit de l’environnement, puisqu’elle s’oppose au principe de non-régression, inscrit à l’article 2 de la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité de la nature et des paysages. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, FI et EDS.)« La protection de l’environnement, y est-il écrit, assurée par les dispositions législatives et réglementaires relatives à l’environnement, ne peut faire l’objet que d’une amélioration constante, compte tenu des connaissances scientifiques et techniques du moment. » Or, aucune étude scientifique nouvelle n’a remis en cause la nocivité pour les pollinisateurs et les insectes auxiliaires ; aucune étude scientifique n’a remis en cause la persistance dans l’environnement des néonicotinoïdes.Cette dérogation est par ailleurs contraire au droit constitutionnel et à la Charte de l’environnement, qui prévoit, à l’article 2, que « toute personne a le devoir de prendre part à la préservation et à l’amélioration de l’environnement » ; à l’article 3, que « toute personne doit, dans les conditions définies par la loi, prévenir les atteintes qu’elle est susceptible de porter à l’environnement ou, à défaut, en limiter les conséquences » ; à l’article 4, que « toute personne doit contribuer à la réparation des dommages qu’elle cause à l’environnement dans les conditions définies par la loi » ; et enfin, à l’article 5, que « lorsque la réalisation d’un dommage, bien qu’incertaine en l’état des connaissances scientifiques, pourrait affecter de manière grave irréversible l’environnement, les autorités publiques veillent, par application du principe de précaution et dans leurs domaines d’attributions, à la mise en œuvre de procédures d’évaluation des risques et à l’adoption de mesures provisoires et proportionnées afin de parer à la réalisation du dommage ».Nous savons tous que les arguments que vous avancez, monsieur le ministre, sont mensongers. Vous contredisez le droit de l’environnement : c’est un coup très grave porté à notre République ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, FI, SOC et EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 328,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210109",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7700eac43180",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La dérogation que propose l’article 1er est contraire à notre droit de l’environnement, puisqu’elle s’oppose au principe de non-régression, inscrit à l’article 2 de la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité de la nature et des paysages. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI et EDS.)« La protection de l’environnement, y est-il écrit, assurée par les dispositions législatives et réglementaires relatives à l’environnement, ne peut faire l’objet que d’une amélioration constante, compte tenu des connaissances scientifiques et techniques du moment. » Or, aucune étude scientifique nouvelle n’a remis en cause la nocivité pour les pollinisateurs et les insectes auxiliaires ; aucune étude scientifique n’a remis en cause la persistance dans l’environnement des néonicotinoïdes.Cette dérogation est par ailleurs contraire au droit constitutionnel et à la Charte de l’environnement, qui prévoit, à l’article 2, que « toute personne a le devoir de prendre part à la préservation et à l’amélioration de l’environnement » ; à l’article 3, que « toute personne doit, dans les conditions définies par la loi, prévenir les atteintes qu’elle est susceptible de porter à l’environnement ou, à défaut, en limiter les conséquences » ; à l’article 4, que « toute personne doit contribuer à la réparation des dommages qu’elle cause à l’environnement dans les conditions définies par la loi » ; et enfin, à l’article 5, que « lorsque la réalisation d’un dommage, bien qu’incertaine en l’état des connaissances scientifiques, pourrait affecter de manière grave irréversible l’environnement, les autorités publiques veillent, par application du principe de précaution et dans leurs domaines d’attributions, à la mise en œuvre de procédures d’évaluation des risques et à l’adoption de mesures provisoires et proportionnées afin de parer à la réalisation du dommage ».Nous savons tous que les arguments que vous avancez, monsieur le ministre, sont mensongers. Vous contredisez le droit de l’environnement : c’est un coup très grave porté à notre République ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI, [GROUPE] et EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210114",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210114"
   ],
   "order": 350,
   "text": "Mon propos général contenait les réponses à la plupart de vos critiques, qui me semblent réellement infondées.Nous considérons que tout le monde doit participer à la transition agroécologique. Or la suppression de cet article laisserait sur le bord de la route une des filières maîtresses de notre pays, soit 46 000 personnes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210114",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N90521167f6db",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mon propos général contenait les réponses à la plupart de vos critiques, qui me semblent réellement infondées.Nous considérons que tout le monde doit participer à la transition agroécologique. Or la suppression de cet article laisserait sur le bord de la route une des filières maîtresses de notre pays, soit 46 000 personnes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210116",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210116"
   ],
   "order": 352,
   "text": "Notre vision de l’écologie consiste au contraire à avoir le courage politique d’admettre qu’il y a eu des erreurs par le passé, et qu’avec ce projet de loi, nous allons les réparer.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210116",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8632ec3cf71e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Notre vision de l’écologie consiste au contraire à avoir le courage politique d’admettre qu’il y a eu des erreurs par le passé, et qu’avec ce projet de loi, nous allons les réparer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210120",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210120"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Nous ne sommes pas ici pour débattre de la pertinence des néonicotinoïdes. D’ailleurs, monsieur Orphelin, je n’ai jamais ouvert de débat écologique et, monsieur Chassaigne, lorsqu’on porte la question sur ce terrain, il faut s’attacher à des référentiels. Entre 2016 et aujourd’hui, plus précisément en 2018, des autorisations de mise sur le marché ont été délivrées pour des produits phytosanitaires devant se substituer aux néonicotinoïdes, notamment pour le Tepekki et le Movento, qui sont utilisés dans des proportions significatives. Or, mettez-vous à la place des agriculteurs. Ces produits ne marchent pas toujours contre les invasions de pucerons et il faut parfois les utiliser plusieurs fois, sans résultats, quand il ne faut pas recourir à d’autres substances. Ils sont utilisés en amont des bassins versants, en Île-de-France, en Normandie ou dans les Hauts-de-France. Si l’on faisait le comparatif environnemental, il y aurait beaucoup à dire.D’autre part, vous avez dit, monsieur Prud’homme, que ce texte autorisait le retour à la pulvérisation des néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 161,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210120",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3beb766482bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne sommes pas ici pour débattre de la pertinence des néonicotinoïdes. D’ailleurs, monsieur Orphelin, je n’ai jamais ouvert de débat écologique et, monsieur Chassaigne, lorsqu’on porte la question sur ce terrain, il faut s’attacher à des référentiels. Entre 2016 et aujourd’hui, plus précisément en 2018, des autorisations de mise sur le marché ont été délivrées pour des produits phytosanitaires devant se substituer aux néonicotinoïdes, notamment pour le Tepekki et le Movento, qui sont utilisés dans des proportions significatives. Or, mettez-vous à la place des agriculteurs. Ces produits ne marchent pas toujours contre les invasions de pucerons et il faut parfois les utiliser plusieurs fois, sans résultats, quand il ne faut pas recourir à d’autres substances. Ils sont utilisés en amont des bassins versants, en Île-de-France, en Normandie ou dans les Hauts-de-France. Si l’on faisait le comparatif environnemental, il y aurait beaucoup à dire.D’autre part, vous avez dit, monsieur Prud’homme, que ce texte autorisait le retour à la pulvérisation des néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210124",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210124"
   ],
   "order": 359,
   "text": "C’est une erreur de lecture : il est indiqué noir sur blanc qu’il ne porte que sur les semences.J’insiste sur le fait qu’il n’y a pas ici ceux qui sont pour les néonicotinoïdes et ceux qui sont contre. Nous sommes tous contre !La question est de savoir ce que sera la situation de notre pays dans deux ans. J’imagine qu’alors, vous serez nombreux à continuer de consommer du sucre : s’agira-t-il d’un sucre issu de l’agriculture et de l’industrie française ou d’un sucre importé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)N’oublions pas le plan global de 7 millions dont vous ne parlez pas mais qui doit permettre de trouver des solutions de substitution permettant à la filière de résister dans des conditions beaucoup plus satisfaisantes qu’aujourd’hui, puisque nous convenons tous que nous ne disposons pas à l’heure actuelle de solution alternative pérenne. Il faut donc donner du temps à la filière française pour qu’elle participe à la transition agro-écologique, et vous ne m’avez jamais entendu opposer l’économie et l’écologie. Je préfère simplement accomplir cette transition avec la filière française plutôt qu’avec la filière polonaise.Actuellement, nous sommes au milieu du gué. Il nous faut le franchir et je souhaite que nous nous appuyions pour cela sur la filière française plutôt que sur des importations. D’où mon avis défavorable sur ces amendements. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 231,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210124",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N83c0923bcd33",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une erreur de lecture : il est indiqué noir sur blanc qu’il ne porte que sur les semences.J’insiste sur le fait qu’il n’y a pas ici ceux qui sont pour les néonicotinoïdes et ceux qui sont contre. Nous sommes tous contre !La question est de savoir ce que sera la situation de notre pays dans deux ans. J’imagine qu’alors, vous serez nombreux à continuer de consommer du sucre : s’agira-t-il d’un sucre issu de l’agriculture et de l’industrie française ou d’un sucre importé. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)N’oublions pas le plan global de 7 millions dont vous ne parlez pas mais qui doit permettre de trouver des solutions de substitution permettant à la filière de résister dans des conditions beaucoup plus satisfaisantes qu’aujourd’hui, puisque nous convenons tous que nous ne disposons pas à l’heure actuelle de solution alternative pérenne. Il faut donc donner du temps à la filière française pour qu’elle participe à la transition agro-écologique, et vous ne m’avez jamais entendu opposer l’économie et l’écologie. Je préfère simplement accomplir cette transition avec la filière française plutôt qu’avec la filière polonaise.Actuellement, nous sommes au milieu du gué. Il nous faut le franchir et je souhaite que nous nous appuyions pour cela sur la filière française plutôt que sur des importations. D’où mon avis défavorable sur ces amendements. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210129",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210129"
   ],
   "order": 361,
   "text": "J’aurais aimé entendre le point de vue du ministre sur la proposition de notre groupe de compenser les pertes à 100 %, 65 % pris en charge par le FEADER et 35 % financés par les cotisations de la MSA et le fonds de mutualisation. C’est un point essentiel qui est absent de l’étude d’impact.Si cette loi devait être votée, elle ferait l’objet de nombreux recours de la part des fabricants de pesticides, qui sont coutumiers du fait et pour qui cette exception accordée à la betterave sera assez facile à attaquer devant le Conseil constitutionnel. Nous nous réservons également la possibilité de le saisir, dans la mesure où l’étude d’impact nous paraît être très lacunaire sur les différentes solutions économiques permettant de préserver l’équilibre de la filière.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 128,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210129",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne6a694264e00",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’aurais aimé entendre le point de vue du ministre sur la proposition de notre groupe de compenser les pertes à 100 %, 65 % pris en charge par le FEADER et 35 % financés par les cotisations de la MSA et le fonds de mutualisation. C’est un point essentiel qui est absent de l’étude d’impact.Si cette loi devait être votée, elle ferait l’objet de nombreux recours de la part des fabricants de pesticides, qui sont coutumiers du fait et pour qui cette exception accordée à la betterave sera assez facile à attaquer devant le Conseil constitutionnel. Nous nous réservons également la possibilité de le saisir, dans la mesure où l’étude d’impact nous paraît être très lacunaire sur les différentes solutions économiques permettant de préserver l’équilibre de la filière."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210132",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210132"
   ],
   "order": 363,
   "text": "Notre groupe votera évidemment contre ces amendements de suppression, car cet article ne rétablit en aucun cas l’autorisation générale des néonicotinoïdes mais seulement leur usage dans 10 % des cas dans lesquels ils étaient utilisés avant 2016. 90 % des usages resteront interdits, en particulier les pulvérisations sur les plantes mellifères ou le colza. Seul sera autorisé l’enrobage des semences, dont je ne prétends pas qu’il soit sans danger pour la biodiversité, puisque, comme tous les organophosphorés, les néonicotinoïdes se fixent sur les argiles et sont donc difficilement lessivables.En ce qui concerne les dangers pour la santé humaine, ils ne sont en revanche étayés par aucune étude scientifique. Il ne faut pas dire n’importe quoi, car nous parlons de quantités qui ne sont pas suffisantes pour menacer la santé humaine. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Quant à une indemnisation basée sur un système assurantiel pour un risque quasi certain, elle entraînera des niveaux de cotisation très élevés, et les producteurs de betteraves préféreront planter autre chose : la filière betterave risque donc de disparaître dans les douze mois qui viennent.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 181,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210132",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1d36f8ed4b4c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Notre groupe votera évidemment contre ces amendements de suppression, car cet article ne rétablit en aucun cas l’autorisation générale des néonicotinoïdes mais seulement leur usage dans 10 % des cas dans lesquels ils étaient utilisés avant 2016. 90 % des usages resteront interdits, en particulier les pulvérisations sur les plantes mellifères ou le colza. Seul sera autorisé l’enrobage des semences, dont je ne prétends pas qu’il soit sans danger pour la biodiversité, puisque, comme tous les organophosphorés, les néonicotinoïdes se fixent sur les argiles et sont donc difficilement lessivables.En ce qui concerne les dangers pour la santé humaine, ils ne sont en revanche étayés par aucune étude scientifique. Il ne faut pas dire n’importe quoi, car nous parlons de quantités qui ne sont pas suffisantes pour menacer la santé humaine. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Quant à une indemnisation basée sur un système assurantiel pour un risque quasi certain, elle entraînera des niveaux de cotisation très élevés, et les producteurs de betteraves préféreront planter autre chose : la filière betterave risque donc de disparaître dans les douze mois qui viennent."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721576",
   "speaker": "Sylvie Bouchet Bellecourt",
   "quality": "Mme Sylvie Bouchet Bellecourt",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210136",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210136"
   ],
   "order": 365,
   "text": "L’utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques n’a pas vocation à être pérennisée, mais ne reproduisons pas l’erreur de 2016 en votant voter une loi de principe qui ne collait pas à la réalité de terrain, car aujourd’hui ce sont les agriculteurs et les emplois liés à la filière betteravière qui en font les frais. Je le constate tous les jours dans le sud de la Seine-et-Marne chez nos agriculteurs et à la sucrerie Ouvré. Des plants ravagés sont en train d’être arrachés et les rendements sont pires qu’annoncés.La jaunisse de la betterave s’ajoute à la sécheresse de cet été, et ceux qui nous nourrissent sont en train de mourir. Arrêtons donc l’agribashing car le métier de nos agriculteurs est également leur passion, et ils sont les premiers concernés lorsqu’il s’agit de préserver la biodiversité de notre territoire.Donnons-nous du temps pour permettre à la recherche scientifique de préserver notre filière d’excellence grâce à des solutions plus durables et plus efficaces. La transition agroécologique n’a de sens que si nous conservons des agriculteurs sur notre territoire. Pour cela, préservons notre indépendance face aux importations de sucre, qui respectent encore moins nos normes environnementales. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 196,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210136",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N83b8f4f111a3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques n’a pas vocation à être pérennisée, mais ne reproduisons pas l’erreur de 2016 en votant voter une loi de principe qui ne collait pas à la réalité de terrain, car aujourd’hui ce sont les agriculteurs et les emplois liés à la filière betteravière qui en font les frais. Je le constate tous les jours dans le sud de la Seine-et-Marne chez nos agriculteurs et à la sucrerie Ouvré. Des plants ravagés sont en train d’être arrachés et les rendements sont pires qu’annoncés.La jaunisse de la betterave s’ajoute à la sécheresse de cet été, et ceux qui nous nourrissent sont en train de mourir. Arrêtons donc l’agribashing car le métier de nos agriculteurs est également leur passion, et ils sont les premiers concernés lorsqu’il s’agit de préserver la biodiversité de notre territoire.Donnons-nous du temps pour permettre à la recherche scientifique de préserver notre filière d’excellence grâce à des solutions plus durables et plus efficaces. La transition agroécologique n’a de sens que si nous conservons des agriculteurs sur notre territoire. Pour cela, préservons notre indépendance face aux importations de sucre, qui respectent encore moins nos normes environnementales. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210140",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210140"
   ],
   "order": 367,
   "text": "Les débats vont nous permettre de démontrer que nous ne défendons pas ce projet de loi de gaieté de cœur, mais qu’il constitue le choix le plus responsable dans la situation actuelle. Ce n’est pas comme si les néonicotinoïdes avaient vocation à se substituer au néant : depuis trois ans, les agriculteurs les ont remplacés par d’autres pratiques, notamment la pulvérisation d’insecticides par voie foliaire.Au-delà de ceux qu’à cités le ministre, il y a également les insecticides la famille des pyréthrinoïdes, utilisés très couramment et qui, comme les bombes à mouches, tuent tous les insectes présents sur la parcelle, ce qui inclut les ravageurs de pucerons comme la coccinelle. Si bien que non seulement il n’y a plus de ravageurs pour s’attaquer aux pucerons mais que certains de ses derniers, hors d’atteinte, ne sont pas éliminés.En d’autres termes, ces pratiques sont pires, en l’état actuel, que l’emploi des néonicotinoïdes. Pour autant, cela ne signifie pas que nous devons nous engager en faveur des néonicotinoïdes ad vitam æternam.Le projet de loi donne trois ans, au maximum, pour trouver des solutions –⁠ nous reviendrons plus tard sur les pistes possibles –, pour essayer de supprimer les pyréthrinoïdes et les néonicotinoïdes dans cette culture. Voilà pourquoi voter pour l’article 1er est le moins mauvais choix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 221,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210140",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N49c0d84b4748",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les débats vont nous permettre de démontrer que nous ne défendons pas ce projet de loi de gaieté de cœur, mais qu’il constitue le choix le plus responsable dans la situation actuelle. Ce n’est pas comme si les néonicotinoïdes avaient vocation à se substituer au néant : depuis trois ans, les agriculteurs les ont remplacés par d’autres pratiques, notamment la pulvérisation d’insecticides par voie foliaire.Au-delà de ceux qu’à cités le ministre, il y a également les insecticides la famille des pyréthrinoïdes, utilisés très couramment et qui, comme les bombes à mouches, tuent tous les insectes présents sur la parcelle, ce qui inclut les ravageurs de pucerons comme la coccinelle. Si bien que non seulement il n’y a plus de ravageurs pour s’attaquer aux pucerons mais que certains de ses derniers, hors d’atteinte, ne sont pas éliminés.En d’autres termes, ces pratiques sont pires, en l’état actuel, que l’emploi des néonicotinoïdes. Pour autant, cela ne signifie pas que nous devons nous engager en faveur des néonicotinoïdes ad vitam æternam.Le projet de loi donne trois ans, au maximum, pour trouver des solutions –⁠ nous reviendrons plus tard sur les pistes possibles –, pour essayer de supprimer les pyréthrinoïdes et les néonicotinoïdes dans cette culture. Voilà pourquoi voter pour l’article 1er est le moins mauvais choix. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210067",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210067"
   ],
   "order": 369,
   "text": "À vous entendre, nous serions tous et toutes d’accord pour dire que les néonicotinoïdes sont un désastre environnemental : actons cet accord !La question suivante concerne les agriculteurs et leurs choix. Premièrement, –⁠ nous l’avons déjà dit –, l’argument relatif à la souveraineté alimentaire est faux et je souhaiterais entendre M. le ministre à ce sujet. Il est faux, parce qu’aujourd’hui, la moitié du sucre est exportée ; nous ne consommons que la moitié de notre production. Sur les 2 millions de sucres utilisés pour la consommation française, seulement 10 % servent à sucrer le café ou les yaourts.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210067",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N390f28e0522c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À vous entendre, nous serions tous et toutes d’accord pour dire que les néonicotinoïdes sont un désastre environnemental : actons cet accord !La question suivante concerne les agriculteurs et leurs choix. Premièrement, –⁠ nous l’avons déjà dit –, l’argument relatif à la souveraineté alimentaire est faux et je souhaiterais entendre M. le ministre à ce sujet. Il est faux, parce qu’aujourd’hui, la moitié du sucre est exportée ; nous ne consommons que la moitié de notre production. Sur les 2 millions de sucres utilisés pour la consommation française, seulement 10 % servent à sucrer le café ou les yaourts."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210070",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210070"
   ],
   "order": 371,
   "text": "Une réflexion globale sur la filière sucre est nécessaire. Il est donc faux de dire que si nous n’autorisons pas de nouveau l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, nous n’aurons plus de sucre français pour sucrer notre café ou notre yaourt.Deuxièmement, vous faites souvent appel au courage, monsieur le rapporteur, mais avez-vous le courage de dire aux agriculteurs que des résistances de plus en plus fortes aux néonicotinoïdes se développent, et que vous les entraînez donc dans une impasse technique ? Les agriculteurs, en tant que citoyens et en tant que professionnels, n’ont aucun intérêt à avoir des sols et des eaux polluées, des problèmes de santé et un effondrement du nombre de pollinisateurs. À cet égard, la réflexion devrait concerner toutes les autres cultures, notamment l’apiculture.Troisièmement, un député du groupe LaREM a déclaré tout à l’heure qu’il s’agit d’une situation exceptionnelle. La jaunisse de la betterave ne date pourtant pas d’aujourd’hui : en 1988, en Centre-Val de Loire, une invasion de pucerons avait fait baisser de 25 % la production de betterave sucrière. Malheureusement, nous allons avoir des hivers de plus en plus doux, du fait d’un dérèglement climatique durable. Ne brandissons donc pas une fausse solution. Nous ne disons pas qu’il ne faut pas aider les producteurs de betterave sucrière, au contraire ! Aidons-les, mais sans mettre dans l’environnement des produits qui y resteront vingt ans ou plus et auront des effets très néfastes pour toute la population, en premier lieu pour les agriculteurs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 250,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210070",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbfc01661a505",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une réflexion globale sur la filière sucre est nécessaire. Il est donc faux de dire que si nous n’autorisons pas de nouveau l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, nous n’aurons plus de sucre français pour sucrer notre café ou notre yaourt.Deuxièmement, vous faites souvent appel au courage, monsieur le rapporteur, mais avez-vous le courage de dire aux agriculteurs que des résistances de plus en plus fortes aux néonicotinoïdes se développent, et que vous les entraînez donc dans une impasse technique ? Les agriculteurs, en tant que citoyens et en tant que professionnels, n’ont aucun intérêt à avoir des sols et des eaux polluées, des problèmes de santé et un effondrement du nombre de pollinisateurs. À cet égard, la réflexion devrait concerner toutes les autres cultures, notamment l’apiculture.Troisièmement, un député du groupe [GROUPE] a déclaré tout à l’heure qu’il s’agit d’une situation exceptionnelle. La jaunisse de la betterave ne date pourtant pas d’aujourd’hui : en 1988, en Centre-Val de Loire, une invasion de pucerons avait fait baisser de 25 % la production de betterave sucrière. Malheureusement, nous allons avoir des hivers de plus en plus doux, du fait d’un dérèglement climatique durable. Ne brandissons donc pas une fausse solution. Nous ne disons pas qu’il ne faut pas aider les producteurs de betterave sucrière, au contraire ! Aidons-les, mais sans mettre dans l’environnement des produits qui y resteront vingt ans ou plus et auront des effets très néfastes pour toute la population, en premier lieu pour les agriculteurs. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210074",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210074"
   ],
   "order": 373,
   "text": "Dans la suite des débats, j’aimerais que nous écartions la notion de perfusion, qui est assez humiliante pour le monde paysan. Celui-ci ne demande pas une perfusion, mais de la solidarité et de l’investissement. Ce terme est humiliant pour tous ceux qui reçoivent des aides de la politique agricole commune, qui est un instrument de régulation extraordinaire pour le pouvoir d’achat des ménages et pour l’égalité. Je n’aime pas cette idée de perfusion financière.En revanche, j’aime bien celle d’un investissement, qui change tout. Un investissement dans les techniques de transition agroécologique : nous avons identifié dans le plan B sept techniques pouvant être combinées, qui demandent parfois des dépenses, mais surtout un accompagnement. Nous avons évoqué une prime exceptionnelle à l’emblavement. Nous avons, bien sûr, exprimé le besoin de compenser les pertes de la filière –⁠ la première transformation et les producteurs. Au total, le montant s’établit entre 200 et 400 millions –⁠ on peut discuter des chiffres. Cela ne représente pas plus qu’une taxe sur les sodas et cela permet d’attendre l’installation de mécanismes pérennes, comme une organisation de producteurs, une CVO –⁠ contribution volontaire obligatoire –, ou la réforme de la FNGAR –⁠ Fédération nationale des groupements d’employeurs agricoles et ruraux – et du FMSE, qui permettent de capter l’argent européen, et d’autres mécanismes de solidarité.Cessons donc de parler de perfusion et parlons plutôt d’une stratégie d’investissement compatible avec la répartition du financement à hauteur de 65 % par l’État et 35 % par les filières. Je suis persuadé que ces investissements peuvent être financés de manière exceptionnelle, notamment par le biais du plan France Relance ou d’une taxe exceptionnelle. Entrons dans la dynamique d’une discussion constructive ; sinon, vous allez laisser croire qu’il n’existe pas d’autre possibilité. Or il y en a bien une. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, FI et EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 307,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210074",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncbdfa89d3ab0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans la suite des débats, j’aimerais que nous écartions la notion de perfusion, qui est assez humiliante pour le monde paysan. Celui-ci ne demande pas une perfusion, mais de la solidarité et de l’investissement. Ce terme est humiliant pour tous ceux qui reçoivent des aides de la politique agricole commune, qui est un instrument de régulation extraordinaire pour le pouvoir d’achat des ménages et pour l’égalité. Je n’aime pas cette idée de perfusion financière.En revanche, j’aime bien celle d’un investissement, qui change tout. Un investissement dans les techniques de transition agroécologique : nous avons identifié dans le plan B sept techniques pouvant être combinées, qui demandent parfois des dépenses, mais surtout un accompagnement. Nous avons évoqué une prime exceptionnelle à l’emblavement. Nous avons, bien sûr, exprimé le besoin de compenser les pertes de la filière –⁠ la première transformation et les producteurs. Au total, le montant s’établit entre 200 et 400 millions –⁠ on peut discuter des chiffres. Cela ne représente pas plus qu’une taxe sur les sodas et cela permet d’attendre l’installation de mécanismes pérennes, comme une organisation de producteurs, une CVO –⁠ contribution volontaire obligatoire –, ou la réforme de la FNGAR –⁠ Fédération nationale des groupements d’employeurs agricoles et ruraux – et du FMSE, qui permettent de capter l’argent européen, et d’autres mécanismes de solidarité.Cessons donc de parler de perfusion et parlons plutôt d’une stratégie d’investissement compatible avec la répartition du financement à hauteur de 65 % par l’État et 35 % par les filières. Je suis persuadé que ces investissements peuvent être financés de manière exceptionnelle, notamment par le biais du plan France Relance ou d’une taxe exceptionnelle. Entrons dans la dynamique d’une discussion constructive ; sinon, vous allez laisser croire qu’il n’existe pas d’autre possibilité. Or il y en a bien une. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI et EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210079",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210079"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "Quelqu’un a prononcé le mot d’agribashing : nous devons être attentifs, dans nos prises de parole, à ne pas verser dans ce travers. Il y a une responsabilité politique collective dans cette affaire. N’oublions pas que la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages a été votée en août 2016. Depuis lors, qu’est-ce qui a été concrètement mis en œuvre en matière de recherche, et qui aurait pu nous éviter d’examiner ce projet de loi ? Celui-ci me désespère et désespère sans doute beaucoup de députés, quelle que soit leur sensibilité politique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et SOC.)Le plan national de recherche sur les alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes pour lutter contre la jaunisse de la betterave n’a été lancé que le 22 septembre 2020 : c’est tout de même incroyable ! Je vous félicite de l’avoir lancé, monsieur le ministre, mais pourquoi avoir tant attendu ? Pourquoi ne pas avoir mis en place des solutions alternatives ? Je ne suis pas un ayatollah vert, mais permettez-moi de citer la très belle formule de l’un des cofondateurs de Greenpeace, Bob Hunter : « Les grands changements sont impossibles au début et inévitables à la fin. » Or il faut accompagner les grands changements dans le domaine environnemental.Denis Langlois, avocat pénaliste, avait cette formule –⁠ l’image n’est pas à la hauteur des enjeux : « Le désir de changer les choses est toujours pris de vitesse par l’urgente nécessité de changer le joint de la machine à laver qui fuit. » Nous devons réfléchir à cela, tant il est vrai qu’il y a une capitulation sur les grands enjeux environnementaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR, SOC et EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 286,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210079",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb7cfa7425888",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Quelqu’un a prononcé le mot d’agribashing : nous devons être attentifs, dans nos prises de parole, à ne pas verser dans ce travers. Il y a une responsabilité politique collective dans cette affaire. N’oublions pas que la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages a été votée en août 2016. Depuis lors, qu’est-ce qui a été concrètement mis en œuvre en matière de recherche, et qui aurait pu nous éviter d’examiner ce projet de loi ? Celui-ci me désespère et désespère sans doute beaucoup de députés, quelle que soit leur sensibilité politique. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)Le plan national de recherche sur les alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes pour lutter contre la jaunisse de la betterave n’a été lancé que le 22 septembre 2020 : c’est tout de même incroyable ! Je vous félicite de l’avoir lancé, monsieur le ministre, mais pourquoi avoir tant attendu ? Pourquoi ne pas avoir mis en place des solutions alternatives ? Je ne suis pas un ayatollah vert, mais permettez-moi de citer la très belle formule de l’un des cofondateurs de Greenpeace, Bob Hunter : « Les grands changements sont impossibles au début et inévitables à la fin. » Or il faut accompagner les grands changements dans le domaine environnemental.Denis Langlois, avocat pénaliste, avait cette formule –⁠ l’image n’est pas à la hauteur des enjeux : « Le désir de changer les choses est toujours pris de vitesse par l’urgente nécessité de changer le joint de la machine à laver qui fuit. » Nous devons réfléchir à cela, tant il est vrai qu’il y a une capitulation sur les grands enjeux environnementaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719480",
   "speaker": "Olivier Gaillard",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Gaillard",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO723569",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210086",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210086"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "L’amendement a pour but l’interdiction sans délai de ces substances très toxiques que sont les néonicotinoïdes et le renforcement de l’accompagnement des filières vers les solutions alternatives existantes.Alors qu’il est temps d’acter la fin de cette histoire de quatre années, ce projet de loi instituerait un ventre mou jusqu’en 2023. N’est-ce pas un échec de l’accompagnement technique et financier des filières concernées ? N’est-ce pas jouer un jeu très dangereux ? Se poser ces questions, c’est déjà y répondre.Les conséquences de telles substances ne se cantonnent pas aux abeilles ; elles sont délétères pour tout l’environnement et finiront par se retourner contre nous. Nous aurons à en répondre, parce qu’elles auront aussi un impact sur l’homme. Penser à l’environnement, c’est aussi penser à l’agriculture et à la santé humaine. Faire le choix des dérogations pour encore trois ans revient à introduire des distorsions entre filières et à fragiliser le principe d’égalité.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 151,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210086",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd2d4ae177d44",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement a pour but l’interdiction sans délai de ces substances très toxiques que sont les néonicotinoïdes et le renforcement de l’accompagnement des filières vers les solutions alternatives existantes.Alors qu’il est temps d’acter la fin de cette histoire de quatre années, ce projet de loi instituerait un ventre mou jusqu’en 2023. N’est-ce pas un échec de l’accompagnement technique et financier des filières concernées ? N’est-ce pas jouer un jeu très dangereux ? Se poser ces questions, c’est déjà y répondre.Les conséquences de telles substances ne se cantonnent pas aux abeilles ; elles sont délétères pour tout l’environnement et finiront par se retourner contre nous. Nous aurons à en répondre, parce qu’elles auront aussi un impact sur l’homme. Penser à l’environnement, c’est aussi penser à l’agriculture et à la santé humaine. Faire le choix des dérogations pour encore trois ans revient à introduire des distorsions entre filières et à fragiliser le principe d’égalité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267429",
   "speaker": "Dino Cinieri",
   "quality": "M. Dino Cinieri",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210090",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210090"
   ],
   "order": 384,
   "text": "J’ai entendu les inquiétudes des apiculteurs de ma circonscription de la Loire. Je souhaite écrire dans la loi que les apiculteurs seront associés aux décisions prises par le conseil de surveillance.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210090",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbdff0b4b38e3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai entendu les inquiétudes des apiculteurs de ma circonscription de la Loire. Je souhaite écrire dans la loi que les apiculteurs seront associés aux décisions prises par le conseil de surveillance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722110",
   "speaker": "Hubert Wulfranc",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Wulfranc",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210095",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210095"
   ],
   "order": 388,
   "text": "L’amendement demande la production, par le Gouvernement, d’un rapport au Parlement sur la situation de la filière sucre aux niveaux mondial, européen et national.Comme cela a été esquissé dans les débats, le fond de cette problématique, au-delà même de l’aléa, certes tangible, de la jaunisse de la betterave, est l’évolution de la filière sucre depuis 2017. Il nous semble indispensable qu’un plan de filière, permettant d’anticiper les difficultés et d’apporter des réponses économiques et sociales aux planteurs et aux salariés des industries sucrières, soit présenté au Parlement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210095",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb70aca56f081",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement demande la production, par le Gouvernement, d’un rapport au Parlement sur la situation de la filière sucre aux niveaux mondial, européen et national.Comme cela a été esquissé dans les débats, le fond de cette problématique, au-delà même de l’aléa, certes tangible, de la jaunisse de la betterave, est l’évolution de la filière sucre depuis 2017. Il nous semble indispensable qu’un plan de filière, permettant d’anticiper les difficultés et d’apporter des réponses économiques et sociales aux planteurs et aux salariés des industries sucrières, soit présenté au Parlement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210098",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210098"
   ],
   "order": 390,
   "text": "Nous avons pleinement conscience de la dangerosité de ces produits. Notre volonté est bien évidemment que la filière s’en affranchisse le plus rapidement possible.Permettez-moi de revenir sur un élément important qui a été évoqué : la loi s’appliquerait de 2021 à 2023 pour répondre à une situation du printemps 2020, dont on n’a pas encore mesuré les effets. Je vais édulcorer cette affirmation, avec deux explications. Nous connaissons les effets du virus de la jaunisse sur la récolte de 2020 : son impact sur la production est de 30 % à 40 , et non pas 5 % à 10 % comme on l’a prétendu. Le projet de loi n’acte pas de dérogation pour une période de trois ans, mais une dérogation reconductible tous les ans pendant trois ans. Avis défavorable.Madame Panot, vous avez évoqué le courage de dire la vérité aux agriculteurs ; mais nous n’avons pas besoin de la leur dire, ils savent déjà, ils sont conscients de la difficulté dans laquelle ils se trouvent. Parce qu’ils le savent, ils veulent trouver des solutions alternatives et participer, comme tout le monde, à la transition agroécologique. Si vous n’aidez pas les sucreries à produire à un niveau normal, elles fermeront.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 201,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210098",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Neee872cab692",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons pleinement conscience de la dangerosité de ces produits. Notre volonté est bien évidemment que la filière s’en affranchisse le plus rapidement possible.Permettez-moi de revenir sur un élément important qui a été évoqué : la loi s’appliquerait de 2021 à 2023 pour répondre à une situation du printemps 2020, dont on n’a pas encore mesuré les effets. Je vais édulcorer cette affirmation, avec deux explications. Nous connaissons les effets du virus de la jaunisse sur la récolte de 2020 : son impact sur la production est de 30 % à 40 , et non pas 5 % à 10 % comme on l’a prétendu. Le projet de loi n’acte pas de dérogation pour une période de trois ans, mais une dérogation reconductible tous les ans pendant trois ans. Avis défavorable.Madame Panot, vous avez évoqué le courage de dire la vérité aux agriculteurs ; mais nous n’avons pas besoin de la leur dire, ils savent déjà, ils sont conscients de la difficulté dans laquelle ils se trouvent. Parce qu’ils le savent, ils veulent trouver des solutions alternatives et participer, comme tout le monde, à la transition agroécologique. Si vous n’aidez pas les sucreries à produire à un niveau normal, elles fermeront."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210102",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210102"
   ],
   "order": 392,
   "text": "Si les sucreries ferment, plus personne ne plantera de betterave. Et vous irez chercher toute seule la transition écologique et les alternatives, parce que plus personne ne sera là pour les utiliser.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210102",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nee384901ec3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Si les sucreries ferment, plus personne ne plantera de betterave. Et vous irez chercher toute seule la transition écologique et les alternatives, parce que plus personne ne sera là pour les utiliser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210104",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210104"
   ],
   "order": 394,
   "text": "Avis défavorable sur ces amendements et ces sous-amendements.Monsieur Orphelin et monsieur Potier, recourir au FMSE financé à 65 % par l’État et à 35 % par les filières pose deux difficultés.Laissons celle qui aurait trait aux sources de financement : si l’État avait pu financer à 100 %, il l’aurait fait. Mais quelle que soit la source de financement, il ne peut pas indemniser à 100 %. Cela signifie que, si l’on demande aux betteraviers de planter et de cotiser pour couvrir à hauteur de 35 % l’ensemble des risques –⁠ mêmes si ceux-ci sont mutualisés –, on leur demande en fait, parce que le risque est très probable, de financer 35 % des pertes à l’échelle du pays.De plus, il est impossible de prédire où frappera le virus ; il s’est propagé du sud au nord cette année, mais d’est en ouest l’an dernier. Les premières récoltes de 2020, qui viennent de débuter, sont plus alarmantes que la situation préalable, déjà très inquiétante. Un agriculteur, à qui l’on proposera de planter des betteraves après avoir cotisé à hauteur de 35 % de toutes les pertes, se tournera donc vers les céréales. On ne peut se substituer à la cotisation des agriculteurs, qui serait considérable compte tenu des pertes. Le problème tient donc moins à la source du financement qu’aux règles qui nous empêchent de financer à 100 %.Monsieur le président Chassaigne, je ne peux pas vous laisser dire que rien n’a été fait. On doit aller plus loin dans certains domaines, je pense notamment au plan Écophyto pour lequel, certains le savent, nous avons lancé il y a plusieurs mois une grande mission de revue. L’objectif est qu’au début de l’année prochaine, on renforce ce plan, qui devrait fonctionner encore mieux.Entre 2016 et aujourd’hui, 700 000 euros ont été consacrés à la recherche publique, certains projets commençant à porter leurs fruits. Dans les trois prochaines années, cette somme grimpera à 7 millions d’euros. Nous ferons donc dix fois plus en trois ans que nous n’avons fait en quatre. C’est cela que j’appelle mettre la pression dans le tube.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 349,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210104",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8dbffe570364",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable sur ces amendements et ces sous-amendements.Monsieur Orphelin et monsieur Potier, recourir au FMSE financé à 65 % par l’État et à 35 % par les filières pose deux difficultés.Laissons celle qui aurait trait aux sources de financement : si l’État avait pu financer à 100 %, il l’aurait fait. Mais quelle que soit la source de financement, il ne peut pas indemniser à 100 %. Cela signifie que, si l’on demande aux betteraviers de planter et de cotiser pour couvrir à hauteur de 35 % l’ensemble des risques –⁠ mêmes si ceux-ci sont mutualisés –, on leur demande en fait, parce que le risque est très probable, de financer 35 % des pertes à l’échelle du pays.De plus, il est impossible de prédire où frappera le virus ; il s’est propagé du sud au nord cette année, mais d’est en ouest l’an dernier. Les premières récoltes de 2020, qui viennent de débuter, sont plus alarmantes que la situation préalable, déjà très inquiétante. Un agriculteur, à qui l’on proposera de planter des betteraves après avoir cotisé à hauteur de 35 % de toutes les pertes, se tournera donc vers les céréales. On ne peut se substituer à la cotisation des agriculteurs, qui serait considérable compte tenu des pertes. Le problème tient donc moins à la source du financement qu’aux règles qui nous empêchent de financer à 100 %.Monsieur le président Chassaigne, je ne peux pas vous laisser dire que rien n’a été fait. On doit aller plus loin dans certains domaines, je pense notamment au plan Écophyto pour lequel, certains le savent, nous avons lancé il y a plusieurs mois une grande mission de revue. L’objectif est qu’au début de l’année prochaine, on renforce ce plan, qui devrait fonctionner encore mieux.Entre 2016 et aujourd’hui, 700 000 euros ont été consacrés à la recherche publique, certains projets commençant à porter leurs fruits. Dans les trois prochaines années, cette somme grimpera à 7 millions d’euros. Nous ferons donc dix fois plus en trois ans que nous n’avons fait en quatre. C’est cela que j’appelle mettre la pression dans le tube."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210318",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210318"
   ],
   "order": 396,
   "text": "Je souhaite intervenir à ce moment du débat, parce que des points de vue s’affrontent, mais des points de convergence se font jour entre M. Potier et Mme Le Feur, qui adoptent une démarche constructive.Ces amendements montrent qu’on ne peut pas continuer à faire de tels textes. En 2016, la loi a posé une interdiction sans prévoir d’accompagnement. Là, on pense à accompagner la filière, mais il faut aller encore plus loin. On ne parviendra pas à accomplir la transition écologique en privilégiant postures et oppositions. M. le président Chassaigne l’a bien dit, il faut être humble. J’avoue me pencher sur cette question avec beaucoup d’humilité. J’ai une conviction forte et absolue, celle de la nécessité de sortir des néonicotinoïdes, mais, madame Panot, montrez un peu d’indulgence ! Il n’y a pas de solution dans l’incantation.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 136,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210318",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndb1bd98f9056",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite intervenir à ce moment du débat, parce que des points de vue s’affrontent, mais des points de convergence se font jour entre M. Potier et Mme Le Feur, qui adoptent une démarche constructive.Ces amendements montrent qu’on ne peut pas continuer à faire de tels textes. En 2016, la loi a posé une interdiction sans prévoir d’accompagnement. Là, on pense à accompagner la filière, mais il faut aller encore plus loin. On ne parviendra pas à accomplir la transition écologique en privilégiant postures et oppositions. M. le président Chassaigne l’a bien dit, il faut être humble. J’avoue me pencher sur cette question avec beaucoup d’humilité. J’ai une conviction forte et absolue, celle de la nécessité de sortir des néonicotinoïdes, mais, madame Panot, montrez un peu d’indulgence ! Il n’y a pas de solution dans l’incantation."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210322",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210322"
   ],
   "order": 398,
   "text": "Faire avancer l’écologie, c’est formuler des propositions. C’est pourquoi je salue le plan B de M. Potier, qui repose sur des propositions. Nous n’arriverons pas à faire de l’écologie dans notre pays et à s’en sortir en opposant continuellement les uns aux autres.La position de M. le ministre est inconfortable, car je connais sa conviction ; plusieurs députés doivent également faire un choix difficile, car ils ont des convictions profondes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 70,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210322",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2e55efbc8073",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Faire avancer l’écologie, c’est formuler des propositions. C’est pourquoi je salue le plan B de M. Potier, qui repose sur des propositions. Nous n’arriverons pas à faire de l’écologie dans notre pays et à s’en sortir en opposant continuellement les uns aux autres.La position de M. le ministre est inconfortable, car je connais sa conviction ; plusieurs députés doivent également faire un choix difficile, car ils ont des convictions profondes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210325",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210325"
   ],
   "order": 400,
   "text": "Pour ma part, j’ignore encore quel sera mon vote sur le texte demain. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs.) Voilà pourquoi je participe au débat, voilà pourquoi j’avance ! Mais, il faut avancer ensemble et cesser de nous envoyer continuellement des « vous êtes mauvais, nous sommes bons ».",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210325",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c9e853aff9e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ma part, j’ignore encore quel sera mon vote sur le texte demain. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs.) Voilà pourquoi je participe au débat, voilà pourquoi j’avance ! Mais, il faut avancer ensemble et cesser de nous envoyer continuellement des « vous êtes mauvais, nous sommes bons »."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719740",
   "speaker": "Jean-Charles Colas-Roy",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Charles Colas-Roy",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210329",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210329"
   ],
   "order": 404,
   "text": "Je soutiens l’amendement no 37 de mon collègue Olivier Gaillard, qui propose une nouvelle rédaction de l’article 1er. Cela a été dit, les néonicotinoïdes sont des produits extrêmement nocifs et persistants dans les sols, et quand ils ne sont pas retenus dans les sols, ils passent dans les eaux. Des alternatives existent : les débats en commission ont montré qu’il y en avait sur des indemnisations ciblées ou des systèmes assurantiels.On parle beaucoup de l’économie de la filière de la betterave, qui doit en effet être aidée, mais on parle beaucoup moins de l’économie liée à la diminution des colonies d’abeilles.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210329",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb4230f2f6d96",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je soutiens l’amendement no 37 de mon collègue [PERSONNE], qui propose une nouvelle rédaction de l’article 1er. Cela a été dit, les néonicotinoïdes sont des produits extrêmement nocifs et persistants dans les sols, et quand ils ne sont pas retenus dans les sols, ils passent dans les eaux. Des alternatives existent : les débats en commission ont montré qu’il y en avait sur des indemnisations ciblées ou des systèmes assurantiels.On parle beaucoup de l’économie de la filière de la betterave, qui doit en effet être aidée, mais on parle beaucoup moins de l’économie liée à la diminution des colonies d’abeilles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719740",
   "speaker": "Jean-Charles Colas-Roy",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Charles Colas-Roy",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210332",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210332"
   ],
   "order": 406,
   "text": "Il y a des impacts majeurs sur l’ensemble des acteurs d’un territoire.Sur le plan juridique, je souhaite vous alerter sur le fait que ce texte pourrait fragiliser la loi de 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages. Or des décisions prises sur son fondement font actuellement l’objet d’un recours contentieux devant le Conseil d’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS et sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.) Le texte que nous examinons pourrait apporter du grain à moudre à ceux qui essaient de déconstruire cette avancée majeure.Ce texte ouvre enfin la boîte de Pandore, car il envoie un mauvais signal aux autres filières, pour lesquelles l’utilisation de tels produits est interdite. Sandrine Le Feur a cité de nombreuses filières qui ne sont pas autorisées à utiliser certains produits ou qui seront confrontées à des aléas climatiques ou à un insecte ravageur. Monsieur le ministre, je salue la qualité de vos réponses et votre ouverture d’esprit, ainsi que l’action de la majorité, notamment ses responsables et le rapporteur, qui a encadré le texte en le circonscrivant à la betterave, en installant un comité de suivi et en renforçant, vous l’avez dit, les moyens de recherche alternatifs. Néanmoins, ces signaux sont insuffisants au regard de la régression que représente le retour en arrière sur la loi de 2016 relative à la biodiversité, qui interdisait les néonicotinoïdes, pesticides extrêmement puissants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS et sur quelques bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210332",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3c78e206f881",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a des impacts majeurs sur l’ensemble des acteurs d’un territoire.Sur le plan juridique, je souhaite vous alerter sur le fait que ce texte pourrait fragiliser la loi de 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages. Or des décisions prises sur son fondement font actuellement l’objet d’un recours contentieux devant le Conseil d’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Le texte que nous examinons pourrait apporter du grain à moudre à ceux qui essaient de déconstruire cette avancée majeure.Ce texte ouvre enfin la boîte de Pandore, car il envoie un mauvais signal aux autres filières, pour lesquelles l’utilisation de tels produits est interdite. [PERSONNE] a cité de nombreuses filières qui ne sont pas autorisées à utiliser certains produits ou qui seront confrontées à des aléas climatiques ou à un insecte ravageur. Monsieur le ministre, je salue la qualité de vos réponses et votre ouverture d’esprit, ainsi que l’action de la majorité, notamment ses responsables et le rapporteur, qui a encadré le texte en le circonscrivant à la betterave, en installant un comité de suivi et en renforçant, vous l’avez dit, les moyens de recherche alternatifs. Néanmoins, ces signaux sont insuffisants au regard de la régression que représente le retour en arrière sur la loi de 2016 relative à la biodiversité, qui interdisait les néonicotinoïdes, pesticides extrêmement puissants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS et sur quelques bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210338",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210338"
   ],
   "order": 409,
   "text": "Monsieur Chassaigne, vous avez dit qu’il ne s’était rien passé depuis la loi de 2016 et que l’on découvrait aujourd’hui la situation. La loi de 2016 prévoyait l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave à partir de 2018, année de la fin des quotas betteraviers : comme si cet uppercut du gauche ne suffisait pas, il fallait en mettre un deuxième et empêcher la filière de se rétablir.Le virus de la jaunisse a sévi pendant les campagnes de 2019 et de 2020 ; certes, de manière différente, comme l’a rappelé M. le ministre, mais il a sévi –⁠ peut-être plus cette année que l’an dernier. Voilà pourquoi nous souhaitons trouver une solution alternative.La différence entre la loi de 2016 et le texte de 2020 réside dans les moyens qui sont mis sur la table : aujourd’hui, on aide l’ensemble des acteurs de la filière –⁠ semenciers, chercheurs, acteurs de terrain – à trouver d’autres solutions. Monsieur le ministre, vous avez parlé d’un plan de 7 millions d’euros : voilà ce qu’il manquait à la loi de 2016, monsieur le président Chassaigne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 190,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210338",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc480def95c88",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Chassaigne, vous avez dit qu’il ne s’était rien passé depuis la loi de 2016 et que l’on découvrait aujourd’hui la situation. La loi de 2016 prévoyait l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave à partir de 2018, année de la fin des quotas betteraviers : comme si cet uppercut du gauche ne suffisait pas, il fallait en mettre un deuxième et empêcher la filière de se rétablir.Le virus de la jaunisse a sévi pendant les campagnes de 2019 et de 2020 ; certes, de manière différente, comme l’a rappelé M. le ministre, mais il a sévi –⁠ peut-être plus cette année que l’an dernier. Voilà pourquoi nous souhaitons trouver une solution alternative.La différence entre la loi de 2016 et le texte de 2020 réside dans les moyens qui sont mis sur la table : aujourd’hui, on aide l’ensemble des acteurs de la filière –⁠ semenciers, chercheurs, acteurs de terrain – à trouver d’autres solutions. Monsieur le ministre, vous avez parlé d’un plan de 7 millions d’euros : voilà ce qu’il manquait à la loi de 2016, monsieur le président Chassaigne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210342",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210342"
   ],
   "order": 411,
   "text": "Monsieur Balanant, je crains de ne pas bénéficier de votre distribution de bons points : sans doute n’écoutez-vous pas les arguments que nous développons depuis le début du débat, pourtant nombreux et sérieux. Ainsi, nous soutenons l’alternative proposée par l’INRAE, qui affirme qu’il n’y a pas de solution simpliste, ne vous en déplaise, monsieur Balanant : il faut se creuser un petit peu la cervelle…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210342",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb5190a73157b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Balanant, je crains de ne pas bénéficier de votre distribution de bons points : sans doute n’écoutez-vous pas les arguments que nous développons depuis le début du débat, pourtant nombreux et sérieux. Ainsi, nous soutenons l’alternative proposée par l’INRAE, qui affirme qu’il n’y a pas de solution simpliste, ne vous en déplaise, monsieur Balanant : il faut se creuser un petit peu la cervelle…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210344",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210344"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "…et trouver des solutions.Pour revenir sur les amendements qui visent à ne prévoir d’interdiction que pour 2021 et à compter sur la recherche pour régler le problème, que fait la filière sur cette question ? Pourquoi le budget de 5,7 millions d’euros de l’ITB n’a-t-il pas permis de trouver des alternatives depuis des décennies ? À quoi ont servi les 500 000 euros de financement public de l’ITB ? Je voudrais que l’on réponde à ces questions, car c’est facile de dire que l’on aura la solution dans dix ans : qu’est-ce qui a été fait dans le passé ? Ce n’est pas en 2021 que tout changera. Il y a une vraie inquiétude sur ce point. Le conseil de surveillance, instauré par le projet de loi, aura pour mission de dire ce qui va se passer : en fait, il s’agira d’un conseil de rédaction de la nécrologie des abeilles, des pollinisateurs et de tous les agriculteurs de la filière. En effet, le travail de ces derniers ne sera toujours pas rémunéré à son juste prix.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 177,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210344",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1d9757cc1013",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BES",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et trouver des solutions.Pour revenir sur les amendements qui visent à ne prévoir d’interdiction que pour 2021 et à compter sur la recherche pour régler le problème, que fait la filière sur cette question ? Pourquoi le budget de 5,7 millions d’euros de l’ITB n’a-t-il pas permis de trouver des alternatives depuis des décennies ? À quoi ont servi les 500 000 euros de financement public de l’ITB ? Je voudrais que l’on réponde à ces questions, car c’est facile de dire que l’on aura la solution dans dix ans : qu’est-ce qui a été fait dans le passé ? Ce n’est pas en 2021 que tout changera. Il y a une vraie inquiétude sur ce point. Le conseil de surveillance, instauré par le projet de loi, aura pour mission de dire ce qui va se passer : en fait, il s’agira d’un conseil de rédaction de la nécrologie des abeilles, des pollinisateurs et de tous les agriculteurs de la filière. En effet, le travail de ces derniers ne sera toujours pas rémunéré à son juste prix."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210371",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210371"
   ],
   "order": 438,
   "text": "Notre discussion rappelle malheureusement beaucoup d’autres débats : chaque fois que l’on n’atteint pas les objectifs fixés, on repousse les échéances. Il en fut de même pour le glyphosate et le chlordécone, pour lesquels des dérogations d’un, deux ou trois ans avaient été données. La France s’était montrée exemplaire et avait été mondialement saluée pour avoir interdit les néonicotinoïdes : nous allons revenir sur cette interdiction, alors que le pas le plus difficile avait été accompli.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous me dites que je serai toute seule et que les sucreries fermeront. Pour commencer, les sucreries ferment déjà, comme celle de Toury, dans laquelle les salariés avaient travaillé pendant le confinement pour produire du gel hydroalcoolique. Surtout, 80 % de la biomasse des insectes a disparu en trente ans. Que va-t-il se passer dans trois ans ? Les producteurs de betteraves vous diront qu’ils ne peuvent pas s’en sortir et qu’il faut continuer avec les néonicotinoïdes. Que direz-vous aux producteurs de maïs, qui, eux aussi, demandent d’utiliser des néonicotinoïdes ? Et à ceux d’autres cultures ? À la fin, on ne s’en sort pas.Oui, il faut des interdictions claires. Vous dites tout le temps qu’il faut donner de la lisibilité aux acteurs : donnons-en et accompagnons les agriculteurs ! Vous n’attaquez pas le problème à la racine, à savoir l’agriculture productiviste,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 220,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210371",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0fd6419c1645",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre discussion rappelle malheureusement beaucoup d’autres débats : chaque fois que l’on n’atteint pas les objectifs fixés, on repousse les échéances. Il en fut de même pour le glyphosate et le chlordécone, pour lesquels des dérogations d’un, deux ou trois ans avaient été données. La France s’était montrée exemplaire et avait été mondialement saluée pour avoir interdit les néonicotinoïdes : nous allons revenir sur cette interdiction, alors que le pas le plus difficile avait été accompli.Monsieur le rapporteur, vous me dites que je serai toute seule et que les sucreries fermeront. Pour commencer, les sucreries ferment déjà, comme celle de Toury, dans laquelle les salariés avaient travaillé pendant le confinement pour produire du gel hydroalcoolique. Surtout, 80 % de la biomasse des insectes a disparu en trente ans. Que va-t-il se passer dans trois ans ? Les producteurs de betteraves vous diront qu’ils ne peuvent pas s’en sortir et qu’il faut continuer avec les néonicotinoïdes. Que direz-vous aux producteurs de maïs, qui, eux aussi, demandent d’utiliser des néonicotinoïdes ? Et à ceux d’autres cultures ? À la fin, on ne s’en sort pas.Oui, il faut des interdictions claires. Vous dites tout le temps qu’il faut donner de la lisibilité aux acteurs : donnons-en et accompagnons les agriculteurs ! Vous n’attaquez pas le problème à la racine, à savoir l’agriculture productiviste,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210376",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210376"
   ],
   "order": 440,
   "text": "…qui entraîne le suicide d’un paysan par jour et qui procure à un paysan sur trois un revenu inférieur à 350 euros par mois. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe FI.) Il est temps de s’attaquer à ce modèle agricole et d’opérer une bifurcation de notre production et de notre consommation, afin d’offrir aux paysans et aux citoyens de ce pays un horizon plus radieux. (Protestations de M. le ministre.)Vous pouvez faire les gestes que vous voulez, monsieur le ministre. Nous avons le droit d’exprimer une vision différente de la vôtre. (Mêmes mouvements de M. le ministre.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210376",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6a202359076c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…qui entraîne le suicide d’un paysan par jour et qui procure à un paysan sur trois un revenu inférieur à 350 euros par mois. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe FI.) Il est temps de s’attaquer à ce modèle agricole et d’opérer une bifurcation de notre production et de notre consommation, afin d’offrir aux paysans et aux citoyens de ce pays un horizon plus radieux. (Protestations de M. le ministre.)Vous pouvez faire les gestes que vous voulez, monsieur le ministre. Nous avons le droit d’exprimer une vision différente de la vôtre. (Mêmes mouvements de M. le ministre.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210379",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210379"
   ],
   "order": 442,
   "text": "Votre amendement tend en fait à supprimer l’article 1er, donc je ne vous surprendrai pas en lui donnant un avis défavorable. Je vais revenir sur ce que vous venez de dire.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210379",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne9e2c6a657c6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement tend en fait à supprimer l’article 1er, donc je ne vous surprendrai pas en lui donnant un avis défavorable. Je vais revenir sur ce que vous venez de dire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210385",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210385"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "Avec le conseil de surveillance, dont l’instauration a été proposée en commission, nous mettrons une forte pression sur la filière. Vous et d’autres collègues sur ces bancs ferez partie de ce conseil qui comprendra, outre des députés, des sénateurs, des ONG, des représentants des associations de protection de l’environnement, des représentants d’organisations syndicales, des membres du ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation et du ministère de la transition écologique. C’est cela mettre la pression, c’est se voir régulièrement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210385",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4840c75341e2",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avec le conseil de surveillance, dont l’instauration a été proposée en commission, nous mettrons une forte pression sur la filière. Vous et d’autres collègues sur ces bancs ferez partie de ce conseil qui comprendra, outre des députés, des sénateurs, des ONG, des représentants des associations de protection de l’environnement, des représentants d’organisations syndicales, des membres du ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation et du ministère de la transition écologique. C’est cela mettre la pression, c’est se voir régulièrement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210389",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210389"
   ],
   "order": 450,
   "text": "Je tiens à féliciter Mme Batho qui a été présente à toutes les auditions que nous avons menées. (M. Matthieu Orphelin applaudit.) Nous pouvons avoir des désaccords et des divergences, mais je lui sais gré d’avoir toujours été présente.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210389",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3a07157fa8bf",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à féliciter Mme Batho qui a été présente à toutes les auditions que nous avons menées. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Nous pouvons avoir des désaccords et des divergences, mais je lui sais gré d’avoir toujours été présente."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210393",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210393"
   ],
   "order": 454,
   "text": "Les acteurs se sont un peu vus les premiers mois, puis ce fut vite fini. Ce projet de loi fait que tout le monde se verra tous les trois mois. Nous allons prendre la filière par la main pour sortir dans deux ou trois ans des néonicotinoïdes : il ne reste plus que 8 % ! Soit on abandonne le dernier de la classe et on le laisse sortir, soit on l’accompagne pour l’aider à passer dans la classe supérieure. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LaREM et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210393",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N41fe1ecd2986",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les acteurs se sont un peu vus les premiers mois, puis ce fut vite fini. Ce projet de loi fait que tout le monde se verra tous les trois mois. Nous allons prendre la filière par la main pour sortir dans deux ou trois ans des néonicotinoïdes : il ne reste plus que 8 % ! Soit on abandonne le dernier de la classe et on le laisse sortir, soit on l’accompagne pour l’aider à passer dans la classe supérieure. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210523",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210523"
   ],
   "order": 456,
   "text": "Il est défavorable. Je ne détaillerai pas toutes les raisons qui fondent cet avis. Je le répète : nous devons débattre sereinement, et surtout en nous concentrant sur les sujets qui suscitent des divergences entre nous, et non sur ceux qui nous rassemblent. Finalement, c’est la question de la temporalité qui nous divise.M. Prud’homme m’a posé une question précise. En dépit de vos propos d’estrade, monsieur le député, je tiens à vous répondre précisément. Vous m’avez interrogé sur la destination de l’enveloppe de 700 000 euros que j’ai évoquée précédemment. Le projet ABCD-B, financé par le plan Écophyto a coûté 200 000 euros ; il s’est déployé de 2018 à 2021 –⁠ il est donc en cours de finalisation – et concerne les solutions de biocontrôle. Il s’agit des auxiliaires, comme la coccinelle. Comme M. Turquois l’a expliqué, ils nécessitent un équilibre très difficile à trouver : il doit y avoir plus de prédateurs –⁠ de coccinelles – que de pucerons, car l’objectif est l’élimination des pucerons. Il faut donc trouver une cinétique appropriée –⁠ or elle est ô combien compliquée ! Ensuite vient le projet ExTraPol –⁠ Expertise sur la transmission des polérovirus de la betterave pour l’évaluation de variétés résistantes au champ –⁠ ; lancé par mes prédécesseurs en 2019, il doit se terminer en 2022. Il a été financé par le compte d’affectation spéciale « Développement agricole et rural » –⁠ CASDAR – et vise à comprendre la présence du virus de la jaunisse sur le territoire. Le débat n’a pas encore atteint ce degré de précision, mais nous pouvons en parler : nous savons que le puceron incriminé se déplace plutôt du sud au nord, mais nous ne savons pas où il prend la charge virale. Le troisième projet, MoCoRiBa –⁠ Modélisation et communication du risque bio-agresseurs en grandes cultures –, doit se déployer de 2020 à 2023 ; il est financé par le plan Écophyto à hauteur de 430 000 euros. Il étudie la gestion, c’est-à-dire les mouvements, de la population de pucerons. Enfin vient l’énorme projet AKER –⁠ Programme d’investissements d’avenir « AKER - Betterave 2020, l’innovation compétitive » –, dont les résultats viennent d’être transmis, il y a deux ou trois semaines. Son financement global se monte à 5 millions d’euros, mais les pathologies de la betterave n’en constituent qu’un volet. Il va permettre d’établir le phénotype, c’est-à-dire le séquençage génétique de toutes les betteraves sélectionnées, pour déterminer lesquelles permettraient de lutter contre le virus. Il existe actuellement quatre virus ; parmi tous les phénotypes étudiés, seules une ou deux sélections variétales seraient susceptibles de résister à un ou deux des quatre pucerons. Voilà, monsieur le député, une réponse précise –⁠ j’aurai toujours plaisir à en développer de telles. (Mme Marie-Christine Verdier-Jouclas applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 460,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210523",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N19a90815f35f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est défavorable. Je ne détaillerai pas toutes les raisons qui fondent cet avis. Je le répète : nous devons débattre sereinement, et surtout en nous concentrant sur les sujets qui suscitent des divergences entre nous, et non sur ceux qui nous rassemblent. Finalement, c’est la question de la temporalité qui nous divise.M. Prud’homme m’a posé une question précise. En dépit de vos propos d’estrade, monsieur le député, je tiens à vous répondre précisément. Vous m’avez interrogé sur la destination de l’enveloppe de 700 000 euros que j’ai évoquée précédemment. Le projet ABCD-B, financé par le plan Écophyto a coûté 200 000 euros ; il s’est déployé de 2018 à 2021 –⁠ il est donc en cours de finalisation – et concerne les solutions de biocontrôle. Il s’agit des auxiliaires, comme la coccinelle. Comme M. Turquois l’a expliqué, ils nécessitent un équilibre très difficile à trouver : il doit y avoir plus de prédateurs –⁠ de coccinelles – que de pucerons, car l’objectif est l’élimination des pucerons. Il faut donc trouver une cinétique appropriée –⁠ or elle est ô combien compliquée ! Ensuite vient le projet ExTraPol –⁠ Expertise sur la transmission des polérovirus de la betterave pour l’évaluation de variétés résistantes au champ –⁠ ; lancé par mes prédécesseurs en 2019, il doit se terminer en 2022. Il a été financé par le compte d’affectation spéciale « Développement agricole et rural » –⁠ CASDAR – et vise à comprendre la présence du virus de la jaunisse sur le territoire. Le débat n’a pas encore atteint ce degré de précision, mais nous pouvons en parler : nous savons que le puceron incriminé se déplace plutôt du sud au nord, mais nous ne savons pas où il prend la charge virale. Le troisième projet, MoCoRiBa –⁠ Modélisation et communication du risque bio-agresseurs en grandes cultures –, doit se déployer de 2020 à 2023 ; il est financé par le plan Écophyto à hauteur de 430 000 euros. Il étudie la gestion, c’est-à-dire les mouvements, de la population de pucerons. Enfin vient l’énorme projet AKER –⁠ Programme d’investissements d’avenir « AKER - Betterave 2020, l’innovation compétitive » –, dont les résultats viennent d’être transmis, il y a deux ou trois semaines. Son financement global se monte à 5 millions d’euros, mais les pathologies de la betterave n’en constituent qu’un volet. Il va permettre d’établir le phénotype, c’est-à-dire le séquençage génétique de toutes les betteraves sélectionnées, pour déterminer lesquelles permettraient de lutter contre le virus. Il existe actuellement quatre virus ; parmi tous les phénotypes étudiés, seules une ou deux sélections variétales seraient susceptibles de résister à un ou deux des quatre pucerons. Voilà, monsieur le député, une réponse précise –⁠ j’aurai toujours plaisir à en développer de telles. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210530",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210530"
   ],
   "order": 458,
   "text": "Je remercie le ministre de son explication claire et complète concernant les fonds utilisés –⁠ elle mettra fin à certains discours.Monsieur Potier, je suis d’accord avec vous sur de nombreux points. Je respecte beaucoup vos interventions, parce que vous êtes un spécialiste de la question et que vous travaillez beaucoup sur ces sujets. Nous devrions vous écouter plus souvent. En effet, vous avez raison, il existe des solutions en agroécologie –⁠ à terme. Vous avez vous-même employé le mot dans votre discours à la tribune. Il faut accompagner ces solutions, nous en sommes d’accord, même si nous n’avons pas la même vision de l’accompagnement. À mes amis du groupe La France insoumise, je veux dire que chaque fois que nous prenons une décision sans en mesurer à 360 degrés les conséquences sur la production française, nous provoquons une catastrophe. Sandrine Le Feur a évoqué le diméthoate, qui était utilisé par les producteurs de cerises. C’est une saloperie…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 157,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210530",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4597094a6ded",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie le ministre de son explication claire et complète concernant les fonds utilisés –⁠ elle mettra fin à certains discours.Monsieur Potier, je suis d’accord avec vous sur de nombreux points. Je respecte beaucoup vos interventions, parce que vous êtes un spécialiste de la question et que vous travaillez beaucoup sur ces sujets. Nous devrions vous écouter plus souvent. En effet, vous avez raison, il existe des solutions en agroécologie –⁠ à terme. Vous avez vous-même employé le mot dans votre discours à la tribune. Il faut accompagner ces solutions, nous en sommes d’accord, même si nous n’avons pas la même vision de l’accompagnement. À mes amis du groupe [GROUPE], je veux dire que chaque fois que nous prenons une décision sans en mesurer à 360 degrés les conséquences sur la production française, nous provoquons une catastrophe. [PERSONNE] a évoqué le diméthoate, qui était utilisé par les producteurs de cerises. C’est une saloperie…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210534",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210534"
   ],
   "order": 460,
   "text": "…et je suis sincèrement ravi qu’on l’ait interdit. Cependant, la production française a baissé de 40 %. Nous sommes quasiment les seuls à l’avoir interdit. Quel est le résultat dans nos supermarchés ? Nada ! Quand vous vous placez devant un étal de cerises, madame Panot –⁠ ça, ce ne sont pas les études scientifiques qui le disent, c’est dans la vraie vie, c’est quand on va dans les magasins, en banlieue et partout ailleurs –…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210534",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N22a00eba3a6b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…et je suis sincèrement ravi qu’on l’ait interdit. Cependant, la production française a baissé de 40 %. Nous sommes quasiment les seuls à l’avoir interdit. Quel est le résultat dans nos supermarchés ? Nada ! Quand vous vous placez devant un étal de cerises, madame Panot –⁠ ça, ce ne sont pas les études scientifiques qui le disent, c’est dans la vraie vie, c’est quand on va dans les magasins, en banlieue et partout ailleurs –…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210536",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210536"
   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "…il n’y a qu’une différence entre les cerises produites en France, sans diméthoate, et les cerises produites ailleurs : le prix. Elles reviennent plus cher, notamment parce que la production réclame plus de main d’œuvre. Que pensez-vous que les consommateurs choisissent ? Les cerises les moins chères. Il faut donc agir aussi à l’échelle de l’Europe. Gardez cela en tête, avant d’interdire des produits ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210536",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nab68358d115c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…il n’y a qu’une différence entre les cerises produites en France, sans diméthoate, et les cerises produites ailleurs : le prix. Elles reviennent plus cher, notamment parce que la production réclame plus de main d’œuvre. Que pensez-vous que les consommateurs choisissent ? Les cerises les moins chères. Il faut donc agir aussi à l’échelle de l’Europe. Gardez cela en tête, avant d’interdire des produits ! (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210545",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210545"
   ],
   "order": 470,
   "text": "…et a comporté sept lectures du texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Plus les collègues travaillaient sur le sujet, plus ils auditionnaient de scientifiques, plus ils étaient nombreux à cosigner les amendements en faveur de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Parmi eux d’éminents collègues, comme M. Castaner ou M. Ferrand, que je remercie pour leur signature d’alors. (M. Matthieu Orphelin applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210545",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na04af505321a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et a comporté sept lectures du texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Plus les collègues travaillaient sur le sujet, plus ils auditionnaient de scientifiques, plus ils étaient nombreux à cosigner les amendements en faveur de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Parmi eux d’éminents collègues, comme M. Castaner ou M. Ferrand, que je remercie pour leur signature d’alors. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210548",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210548"
   ],
   "order": 472,
   "text": "Ensuite, certaines filières, celle de la betterave en particulier, ont misé sur l’élection présidentielle pour avoir la peau de la loi interdisant les néonicotinoïdes. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.) Un avant-projet de loiprévoyait d’abroger l’interdiction ; il a été bloqué par Nicolas Hulot.J’ai effectivement assisté aux auditions. Quand l’Association interprofessionnelle de la betterave et du sucre –⁠ AIBS – s’est entendu demander ce qu’elle avait fait pour préparer l’interdiction, puisqu’elle en avait eu le temps entre 2018 et 2020, elle a répondu qu’elle avait attendu le sulfoxaflor. Ils attendaient l’autorisation d’un nouveau néonicotinoïde pour remplacer les néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210548",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd593a03f4230",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIM",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ensuite, certaines filières, celle de la betterave en particulier, ont misé sur l’élection présidentielle pour avoir la peau de la loi interdisant les néonicotinoïdes. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Un avant-projet de loiprévoyait d’abroger l’interdiction ; il a été bloqué par [PERSONNE].J’ai effectivement assisté aux auditions. Quand l’Association interprofessionnelle de la betterave et du sucre –⁠ AIBS – s’est entendu demander ce qu’elle avait fait pour préparer l’interdiction, puisqu’elle en avait eu le temps entre 2018 et 2020, elle a répondu qu’elle avait attendu le sulfoxaflor. Ils attendaient l’autorisation d’un nouveau néonicotinoïde pour remplacer les néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210551",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210551"
   ],
   "order": 474,
   "text": "Or, le sulfoxaflor a été interdit par la justice et par la loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous, issue des états généraux de l’alimentation. (M. Alexis Corbière applaudit.) Je remercie Jean-Baptiste Moreau pour son soutien d’alors aux amendements signés par Matthieu Orphelin.Voilà ce qui s’est passé ! La filière betterave a adopté une stratégie de refus, d’obstruction, et a mené un combat pour obtenir la remise en cause de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, ou, à tout le moins, la dérogation que vous lui concédez aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe EDS et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 108,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210551",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nee77bf461860",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Or, le sulfoxaflor a été interdit par la justice et par la loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous, issue des états généraux de l’alimentation. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Je remercie [PERSONNE] pour son soutien d’alors aux amendements signés par [PERSONNE].Voilà ce qui s’est passé ! La filière betterave a adopté une stratégie de refus, d’obstruction, et a mené un combat pour obtenir la remise en cause de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, ou, à tout le moins, la dérogation que vous lui concédez aujourd’hui. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupe EDS et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720862",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210554",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210554"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "La filière betterave n’a pas adopté la bonne stratégie ; elle s’est mal préparée à la fin des quotas : il faut donc la punir ? Je ne comprends pas qu’on s’interdise de créer une situation d’exception. Faisons un peu de politique fiction, et imaginons-nous dans deux ans –⁠ je ne sais pas qui sera encore ici, mais supposons la continuité de la représentation du peuple souverain.Une usine de sucre tourne au mieux 120 jours par an, et doit être saturée au moins 110 jours.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 85,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210554",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na90a2c7b8547",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La filière betterave n’a pas adopté la bonne stratégie ; elle s’est mal préparée à la fin des quotas : il faut donc la punir ? Je ne comprends pas qu’on s’interdise de créer une situation d’exception. Faisons un peu de politique fiction, et imaginons-nous dans deux ans –⁠ je ne sais pas qui sera encore ici, mais supposons la continuité de la représentation du peuple souverain.Une usine de sucre tourne au mieux 120 jours par an, et doit être saturée au moins 110 jours."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720862",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210557",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210557"
   ],
   "order": 478,
   "text": "En deux ans, nous sommes passés de 480 000 hectares à 423 000 ; le prix de la tonne de sucre est passé de 500 à 300 euros, celui de la tonne de betterave de 30 à 23 euros.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210557",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1e17e770ae3c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En deux ans, nous sommes passés de 480 000 hectares à 423 000 ; le prix de la tonne de sucre est passé de 500 à 300 euros, celui de la tonne de betterave de 30 à 23 euros."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720862",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210559",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210559"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "La fin des quotas a déstabilisé la filière. Elle a été mal anticipée, j’en conviens –⁠ je dis simplement que la filière ne mérite pas qu’on la punisse.Un agriculteur consacre en moyenne 16 hectares à la betterave, c’est-à-dire qu’il a bien d’autres cultures –⁠ la betterave participe toujours à des rotations culturales, allant parfois jusqu’à six spéculations. Il constate que le prix a chuté de 30 à 23 euros par tonne en deux ans ; le prix du sucre est passé de 500 à 300 euros par tonne : il présume que l’industriel ne payera pas beaucoup plus cher. En plus, il risque une baisse du rendement allant de 10 à 60 %. Il va arrêter la culture de la betterave.L’ensemble des microdécisions individuelles des agriculteurs impliqueront pour l’outil industriel un manque de plusieurs millions de tonnes de betteraves. Si nous ne faisons rien, nous risquons une casse monumentale ! Une usine représente 150 ETP –⁠ équivalents temps plein –, plus 250 saisonniers. Que se passera-t-il dans deux ans, quand l’effondrement arrivera ? Nous dirons, ou nos successeurs diront, qu’il avait été décidé en 2020 de passer la filière par pertes et profits, parce qu’elle le méritait, faute d’avoir préparé l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ? (M. Loïc Prud’homme proteste.) Non !Comme le disait Roland Lescure, quand quelqu’un se noie, on ne lui reproche pas de ne pas avoir appris à nager, on ne lui montre pas non plus comment faire les mouvements de brasse : on le sort de l’eau. Voilà ce dont il s’agit ; nous sommes dans une situation d’exception. Elle est consternante, personne n’a envie de voter ce projet de loi, mais il faut tendre la main. Ensuite, en effet, il faudra faire pression sur cette filière pour qu’elle trouve des solutions économiques. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 302,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210559",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1b27ebca7a41",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La fin des quotas a déstabilisé la filière. Elle a été mal anticipée, j’en conviens –⁠ je dis simplement que la filière ne mérite pas qu’on la punisse.Un agriculteur consacre en moyenne 16 hectares à la betterave, c’est-à-dire qu’il a bien d’autres cultures –⁠ la betterave participe toujours à des rotations culturales, allant parfois jusqu’à six spéculations. Il constate que le prix a chuté de 30 à 23 euros par tonne en deux ans ; le prix du sucre est passé de 500 à 300 euros par tonne : il présume que l’industriel ne payera pas beaucoup plus cher. En plus, il risque une baisse du rendement allant de 10 à 60 %. Il va arrêter la culture de la betterave.L’ensemble des microdécisions individuelles des agriculteurs impliqueront pour l’outil industriel un manque de plusieurs millions de tonnes de betteraves. Si nous ne faisons rien, nous risquons une casse monumentale ! Une usine représente 150 ETP –⁠ équivalents temps plein –, plus 250 saisonniers. Que se passera-t-il dans deux ans, quand l’effondrement arrivera ? Nous dirons, ou nos successeurs diront, qu’il avait été décidé en 2020 de passer la filière par pertes et profits, parce qu’elle le méritait, faute d’avoir préparé l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ? (M. Loïc Prud’homme proteste.) Non !Comme le disait [PERSONNE], quand quelqu’un se noie, on ne lui reproche pas de ne pas avoir appris à nager, on ne lui montre pas non plus comment faire les mouvements de brasse : on le sort de l’eau. Voilà ce dont il s’agit ; nous sommes dans une situation d’exception. Elle est consternante, personne n’a envie de voter ce projet de loi, mais il faut tendre la main. Ensuite, en effet, il faudra faire pression sur cette filière pour qu’elle trouve des solutions économiques. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210569",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210569"
   ],
   "order": 486,
   "text": "Je vous demandais comment l’ITB utilise son budget de 5,7 millions d’euros. Vous m’avez répondu sur la manière dont les budgets publics sont affectés à la recherche publique, mais pas sur le budget de l’ITB, notamment sur la part de son budget abondée par les financements publics.Le conseil de surveillance a été évoqué ; la réalité du comité de suivi de sortie du glyphosate illustre l’adage qui préconise, pour enterrer un problème, de nommer une commission. Le conseil de surveillance servira à reporter les discussions aux calendes grecques et à nous faire avaler la pilule. Monsieur Millienne, non seulement votre manière d’interpeller ma collègue Panot a ses limites (M. Bruno Millienne acquiesce), mais en outre nous sommes cohérents : nous répétons depuis trois ans à la fois qu’il ne faut pas de diméthoate sur les cerises et qu’il faut instaurer un protectionnisme solidaire. C’est pareil pour le sucre ! Nous faisons preuve de constance et nous proposons des solutions ; nous ne nions pas qu’avec l’interdiction du diméthoate, nous livrons les producteurs de cerises français à un dumping environnemental ouvert à tous les vents d’Europe. S’il vous plaît, soyez attentif à nos propos et respectueux de nos arguments et de nos collègues.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 202,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210569",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbd3ca41cee6f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous demandais comment l’ITB utilise son budget de 5,7 millions d’euros. Vous m’avez répondu sur la manière dont les budgets publics sont affectés à la recherche publique, mais pas sur le budget de l’ITB, notamment sur la part de son budget abondée par les financements publics.Le conseil de surveillance a été évoqué ; la réalité du comité de suivi de sortie du glyphosate illustre l’adage qui préconise, pour enterrer un problème, de nommer une commission. Le conseil de surveillance servira à reporter les discussions aux calendes grecques et à nous faire avaler la pilule. Monsieur Millienne, non seulement votre manière d’interpeller ma collègue Panot a ses limites (M. [PERSONNE] acquiesce), mais en outre nous sommes cohérents : nous répétons depuis trois ans à la fois qu’il ne faut pas de diméthoate sur les cerises et qu’il faut instaurer un protectionnisme solidaire. C’est pareil pour le sucre ! Nous faisons preuve de constance et nous proposons des solutions ; nous ne nions pas qu’avec l’interdiction du diméthoate, nous livrons les producteurs de cerises français à un dumping environnemental ouvert à tous les vents d’Europe. S’il vous plaît, soyez attentif à nos propos et respectueux de nos arguments et de nos collègues."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210573",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210573"
   ],
   "order": 488,
   "text": "Je ne ferai que deux précisions. Sur le plan technique, je suis étonné que l’inventaire des propositions ne mentionne pas celles d’ITB et de l’INRAE. Sont notamment laissées orphelines les solutions qui visent à expérimenter la création de mosaïques paysagères. On sait qu’elles s’inscrivent dans le temps moyen et long : raison de plus pour les démarrer dès maintenant, afin de ne pas être en panne de solutions dans deux et trois ans.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210573",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc1b4c46f737a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne ferai que deux précisions. Sur le plan technique, je suis étonné que l’inventaire des propositions ne mentionne pas celles d’ITB et de l’INRAE. Sont notamment laissées orphelines les solutions qui visent à expérimenter la création de mosaïques paysagères. On sait qu’elles s’inscrivent dans le temps moyen et long : raison de plus pour les démarrer dès maintenant, afin de ne pas être en panne de solutions dans deux et trois ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210575",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210575"
   ],
   "order": 490,
   "text": "Je crois beaucoup aux solutions de l’écologie chimique, notamment les phénolines sur la fétuque des prés ou les avoines, tous ces méteils sont très prometteurs, au-delà même de la betterave sucrière –⁠ je m’étonne qu’ils n’apparaissent pas dans votre plan de recherche.Monsieur le rapporteur, à travers le comité que vous voulez créer, vous venez de décrire Écophyto. Comprenez que ça nous mette en rage ! Depuis trois ans, il n’est quasiment jamais réuni (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI) ; il ne travaille pas. Vous avez décidé qu’il n’y aurait plus de parlementaires en son sein pendant cinq ans.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210575",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4e5056680e77",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je crois beaucoup aux solutions de l’écologie chimique, notamment les phénolines sur la fétuque des prés ou les avoines, tous ces méteils sont très prometteurs, au-delà même de la betterave sucrière –⁠ je m’étonne qu’ils n’apparaissent pas dans votre plan de recherche.Monsieur le rapporteur, à travers le comité que vous voulez créer, vous venez de décrire Écophyto. Comprenez que ça nous mette en rage ! Depuis trois ans, il n’est quasiment jamais réuni (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI) ; il ne travaille pas. Vous avez décidé qu’il n’y aurait plus de parlementaires en son sein pendant cinq ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210578",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210578"
   ],
   "order": 492,
   "text": "Avant nous y étions associés, et nous avons bâti les fondements d’une agroécologie. Une partie de votre loi a détruit les certificats d’économie phytosanitaire, au bénéfice de la séparation de la vente et du conseil, solution qui ne marchera pas ; or, c’était un des leviers les plus prometteurs. Comprenez que votre annonce d’un comité ad hoc nous rende fous ! On ne va pas créer un comité pour chaque molécule, chaque plante, etc. : on a besoin d’une vision globale ! Le blocage scientifique est systémique, le déblocage doit être systémique. (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210578",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc05e08e10eb4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avant nous y étions associés, et nous avons bâti les fondements d’une agroécologie. Une partie de votre loi a détruit les certificats d’économie phytosanitaire, au bénéfice de la séparation de la vente et du conseil, solution qui ne marchera pas ; or, c’était un des leviers les plus prometteurs. Comprenez que votre annonce d’un comité ad hoc nous rende fous ! On ne va pas créer un comité pour chaque molécule, chaque plante, etc. : on a besoin d’une vision globale ! Le blocage scientifique est systémique, le déblocage doit être systémique. (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210581",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210581"
   ],
   "order": 495,
   "text": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau a évoqué la santé humaine. Certes, il existe beaucoup moins d’études analysant les effets des néonicotinoïdes sur la santé humaine que sur la biodiversité, néanmoins il existe des études sur leurs effets neurologiques, montrant qu’il s’agit de perturbateurs endocriniens, suspectés ou avérés selon les cas. L’amendement no 7 tend à appeler l’attention de tous les députés sur le fait que le texte n’autorise pas seulement une dérogation pour la filière betterave ; il procède à une réécriture d’ensemble de la loi de 2016.Vous nous dites qu’il faut sortir du débat sur les néonicotinoïdes parce que nous sommes tous opposés à leur utilisation –⁠ j’aurais tendance à répondre que c’est très bien, vous pouvez donc retirer votre projet de loi, dont les dispositions remettent en cause les fondements de la loi de 2016. Il ne s’agit pas de savoir si vous prenez ou non cette décision à contrecœur ; notre propos est d’affirmer que c’est une décision qu’il ne faut pas prendre, car les néonicotinoïdes sont un poison, dont les effets sur la biodiversité sont indiscutables. Or, l’état du vivant ne nous laisse plus de temps : nous sommes dans une situation d’urgence écologique. Tout votre raisonnement sur le temps ne tient plus. Enfin, la réécriture du texte fragilise l’ensemble de la loi de 2016, puisque le Gouvernement pourra autoriser des substances aujourd’hui interdites ; elle fragilise également la position de la France dans le contentieux qui s’est développé à l’échelle européenne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 251,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2210581",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N53d102effbfb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "SV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "M. [PERSONNE] a évoqué la santé humaine. Certes, il existe beaucoup moins d’études analysant les effets des néonicotinoïdes sur la santé humaine que sur la biodiversité, néanmoins il existe des études sur leurs effets neurologiques, montrant qu’il s’agit de perturbateurs endocriniens, suspectés ou avérés selon les cas. L’amendement no 7 tend à appeler l’attention de tous les députés sur le fait que le texte n’autorise pas seulement une dérogation pour la filière betterave ; il procède à une réécriture d’ensemble de la loi de 2016.Vous nous dites qu’il faut sortir du débat sur les néonicotinoïdes parce que nous sommes tous opposés à leur utilisation –⁠ j’aurais tendance à répondre que c’est très bien, vous pouvez donc retirer votre projet de loi, dont les dispositions remettent en cause les fondements de la loi de 2016. Il ne s’agit pas de savoir si vous prenez ou non cette décision à contrecœur ; notre propos est d’affirmer que c’est une décision qu’il ne faut pas prendre, car les néonicotinoïdes sont un poison, dont les effets sur la biodiversité sont indiscutables. Or, l’état du vivant ne nous laisse plus de temps : nous sommes dans une situation d’urgence écologique. Tout votre raisonnement sur le temps ne tient plus. Enfin, la réécriture du texte fragilise l’ensemble de la loi de 2016, puisque le Gouvernement pourra autoriser des substances aujourd’hui interdites ; elle fragilise également la position de la France dans le contentieux qui s’est développé à l’échelle européenne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209648",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209648"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "L’argument majeur utilisé pour défendre la dérogation, depuis tout à l’heure, c’est le suivant : les abeilles et la biodiversité ne seront pas touchées, d’une part, parce que les betteraves sont récoltées avant floraison, d’autre part, parce que les néonicotinoïdes vont enrober la semence.Il faut répéter ici que 20 % de la substance active est absorbée par la plante ; le reste se diffuse dans l’environnement, et pourra donc se trouver dans d’autres végétaux, et affecter les abeilles, ou, comme vous le disiez, monsieur le ministre, les coccinelles destinées à lutter contre les ravageurs.Vous nous dites aussi que la dérogation dépendra des conditions météorologiques et qu’elle ne sera accordée que si l’hiver est doux. Mais les semences sont achetées très tôt dans l’année : comment les agriculteurs pourront-ils, sans connaître les prévisions météorologiques, savoir quelles semences acheter ? Comment ceux qui produisent les semences pourront-ils vendre deux catégories de semence ? Bref, comment la question de la température hivernale jouera-t-elle ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 168,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209648",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N05f59b03c7ca",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’argument majeur utilisé pour défendre la dérogation, depuis tout à l’heure, c’est le suivant : les abeilles et la biodiversité ne seront pas touchées, d’une part, parce que les betteraves sont récoltées avant floraison, d’autre part, parce que les néonicotinoïdes vont enrober la semence.Il faut répéter ici que 20 % de la substance active est absorbée par la plante ; le reste se diffuse dans l’environnement, et pourra donc se trouver dans d’autres végétaux, et affecter les abeilles, ou, comme vous le disiez, monsieur le ministre, les coccinelles destinées à lutter contre les ravageurs.Vous nous dites aussi que la dérogation dépendra des conditions météorologiques et qu’elle ne sera accordée que si l’hiver est doux. Mais les semences sont achetées très tôt dans l’année : comment les agriculteurs pourront-ils, sans connaître les prévisions météorologiques, savoir quelles semences acheter ? Comment ceux qui produisent les semences pourront-ils vendre deux catégories de semence ? Bref, comment la question de la température hivernale jouera-t-elle ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209652",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209652"
   ],
   "order": 499,
   "text": "Il s’agit au fond d’amendements de suppression de l’article 1er ; celui-ci permet de déroger, par arrêté, provisoirement et de façon très encadrée, à l’interdiction d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Votre amendement ne laisse subsister que la création du conseil de surveillance ; cela m’honore, mais mon avis est néanmoins défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209652",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N137d8a589a30",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit au fond d’amendements de suppression de l’article 1er ; celui-ci permet de déroger, par arrêté, provisoirement et de façon très encadrée, à l’interdiction d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Votre amendement ne laisse subsister que la création du conseil de surveillance ; cela m’honore, mais mon avis est néanmoins défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209654",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209654"
   ],
   "order": 501,
   "text": "Avis défavorable.Madame Taurine, la température ne sera pas l’unique élément pris en considération ; certes, si l’hiver est très froid, avec des gelées très importantes, la probabilité d’avoir des pucerons est beaucoup moins forte, mais il y aura aussi d’autres indicateurs. Ces pucerons viennent du sud et remontent vers le nord : nous devrons nous demander si l’on détecte des pucerons dans les écosystèmes du Sud. C’est donc un ensemble de critères que les agronomes devront nous faire connaître. Je le disais tout à l’heure à M. Prud’homme : certaines recherches portent précisément sur les populations de pucerons. Elles nous aideront à prendre les décisions nécessaires aussi tôt que possible.Madame Batho, vous sous-entendez que ce texte détricoterait la loi de 2016.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209654",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2d524b2107a2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable.Madame Taurine, la température ne sera pas l’unique élément pris en considération ; certes, si l’hiver est très froid, avec des gelées très importantes, la probabilité d’avoir des pucerons est beaucoup moins forte, mais il y aura aussi d’autres indicateurs. Ces pucerons viennent du sud et remontent vers le nord : nous devrons nous demander si l’on détecte des pucerons dans les écosystèmes du Sud. C’est donc un ensemble de critères que les agronomes devront nous faire connaître. Je le disais tout à l’heure à M. Prud’homme : certaines recherches portent précisément sur les populations de pucerons. Elles nous aideront à prendre les décisions nécessaires aussi tôt que possible.Madame Batho, vous sous-entendez que ce texte détricoterait la loi de 2016."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209658",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209658"
   ],
   "order": 503,
   "text": "De manière très calme et très apaisée, je vais reprendre les explications longues et précises que j’ai déjà données tout à l’heure –⁠ mais c’est toujours un grand plaisir, bien sûr. Il s’avère que la loi de 2016 n’a pas été notifiée à la Commission européenne, alors qu’elle aurait dû l’être. Je n’y suis pas pour grand-chose.Par la suite, le décret qui a été pris a bien été notifié, mais sur la mauvaise base réglementaire. D’après le Conseil d’État –⁠ tout ce que je vous dis là est public –, il aurait dû être notifié au titre de l’article 71 du règlement européen d’harmonisation, qui dispose que le droit français ne doit porter que sur les substances qui ne sont pas interdites au niveau européen. L’Europe a interdit certaines substances ; la loi de 2016 étend de beaucoup ces interdictions. Pour la notifier, nous devons nous appuyer sur cet article 71, article de sauvegarde aux termes duquel ne pourront faire l’objet d’une interdiction au niveau nationale que les molécules non interdites au niveau européen.Le décret a été attaqué par l’UIPP, l’Union des industries de la protection des plante ; vous défendez donc, madame Batho, une proposition de l’UIPP, qui regroupe au niveau national les producteurs de produits phytosanitaires.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 208,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209658",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N125ba1fe7e74",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "De manière très calme et très apaisée, je vais reprendre les explications longues et précises que j’ai déjà données tout à l’heure –⁠ mais c’est toujours un grand plaisir, bien sûr. Il s’avère que la loi de 2016 n’a pas été notifiée à la Commission européenne, alors qu’elle aurait dû l’être. Je n’y suis pas pour grand-chose.Par la suite, le décret qui a été pris a bien été notifié, mais sur la mauvaise base réglementaire. D’après le Conseil d’État –⁠ tout ce que je vous dis là est public –, il aurait dû être notifié au titre de l’article 71 du règlement européen d’harmonisation, qui dispose que le droit français ne doit porter que sur les substances qui ne sont pas interdites au niveau européen. L’Europe a interdit certaines substances ; la loi de 2016 étend de beaucoup ces interdictions. Pour la notifier, nous devons nous appuyer sur cet article 71, article de sauvegarde aux termes duquel ne pourront faire l’objet d’une interdiction au niveau nationale que les molécules non interdites au niveau européen.Le décret a été attaqué par l’UIPP, l’Union des industries de la protection des plante ; vous défendez donc, madame Batho, une proposition de l’UIPP, qui regroupe au niveau national les producteurs de produits phytosanitaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209661",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209661"
   ],
   "order": 505,
   "text": "Vous n’avez pas repris cet argument ce soir, mais vous disiez en commission que la loi interdisait les utilisations et non les substances elles-mêmes. Je vous renvoie à un document public du Conseil d’État : « En défense, le ministre de l’écologie se borne à soutenir que la loi ne régit que l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires contenant ces substances et n’aurait donc porté atteinte ni au règlement d’approbation de la Commission, ni aux autorisations de mise sur le marché de ces produits. Disons-le sans détour : cette argumentation n’est pas convaincante. » C’est le Conseil d’État qui le dit. Ce projet de loi vient donc bien renforcer la loi de 2016 ; il la consolide, en comblant le vide juridique de 2016, comme nous le demande le Conseil d’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 138,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209661",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nec0fe6ad1835",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous n’avez pas repris cet argument ce soir, mais vous disiez en commission que la loi interdisait les utilisations et non les substances elles-mêmes. Je vous renvoie à un document public du Conseil d’État : « En défense, le ministre de l’écologie se borne à soutenir que la loi ne régit que l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires contenant ces substances et n’aurait donc porté atteinte ni au règlement d’approbation de la Commission, ni aux autorisations de mise sur le marché de ces produits. Disons-le sans détour : cette argumentation n’est pas convaincante. » C’est le Conseil d’État qui le dit. Ce projet de loi vient donc bien renforcer la loi de 2016 ; il la consolide, en comblant le vide juridique de 2016, comme nous le demande le Conseil d’État. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209663",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209663"
   ],
   "order": 507,
   "text": "C’est un débat auquel nous reviendrons de façon approfondie tout à l’heure. Mais je veux d’ores et déjà vous dire que la citation dont vous faites état est celle du rapporteur public –⁠ je suis allée vérifier après vous avoir écouté en commission. La phrase que vous reprenez ne figure pas dans la décision finale, qui renvoie la question pose à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne.Sur le fond, tout ce que vous dites montre que vous êtes en train de donner raison à l’Union de l’industrie de la protection des plantes, c’est-à-dire aux fabricants de pesticides.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209663",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb1268f04afb3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un débat auquel nous reviendrons de façon approfondie tout à l’heure. Mais je veux d’ores et déjà vous dire que la citation dont vous faites état est celle du rapporteur public –⁠ je suis allée vérifier après vous avoir écouté en commission. La phrase que vous reprenez ne figure pas dans la décision finale, qui renvoie la question pose à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne.Sur le fond, tout ce que vous dites montre que vous êtes en train de donner raison à l’Union de l’industrie de la protection des plantes, c’est-à-dire aux fabricants de pesticides."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209666",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209666"
   ],
   "order": 509,
   "text": "Vous êtes en train de détricoter la loi de 2016 ; vous êtes en train de renvoyer au pouvoir réglementaire la faculté de ne pas interdire, en France, les substances qui ne sont pas interdites en Europe. Voilà le raisonnement –⁠ qui figure d’ailleurs dans l’avis du Conseil d’État sur le projet de loi, au sujet duquel plusieurs juristes, par exemple l’avocat Arnaud Gossement, ont produit des commentaires très intéressants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Nous maintenons cet amendement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209666",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne6cfa4f1bda9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous êtes en train de détricoter la loi de 2016 ; vous êtes en train de renvoyer au pouvoir réglementaire la faculté de ne pas interdire, en France, les substances qui ne sont pas interdites en Europe. Voilà le raisonnement –⁠ qui figure d’ailleurs dans l’avis du Conseil d’État sur le projet de loi, au sujet duquel plusieurs juristes, par exemple l’avocat Arnaud Gossement, ont produit des commentaires très intéressants. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)Nous maintenons cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721210",
   "speaker": "Alexis Corbière",
   "quality": "M. Alexis Corbière",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209674",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209674"
   ],
   "order": 516,
   "text": "…voire ramenée à l’état de puceron vert après le passage des néonicotinoïdes. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.)Plus sérieusement, monsieur le ministre, vous êtes un homme intelligent, mais vous nous expliquez qu’une loi qui réintroduit les néonicotinoïdes renforce la loi de 2016 qui les a interdits. J’ai d’abord été admiratif, je l’avoue ; mais vous devez respecter, sinon la représentation nationale, au moins la FNAB –Fédération nationale d’agriculture biologique –, la Confédération paysanne, les agriculteurs, les associations environnementales ! Le débat est puissant, il monte dans la société, porté par des gens qui travaillent vraiment la terre, par des paysans.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209674",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfbcb5ac5f896",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…voire ramenée à l’état de puceron vert après le passage des néonicotinoïdes. (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Plus sérieusement, monsieur le ministre, vous êtes un homme intelligent, mais vous nous expliquez qu’une loi qui réintroduit les néonicotinoïdes renforce la loi de 2016 qui les a interdits. J’ai d’abord été admiratif, je l’avoue ; mais vous devez respecter, sinon la représentation nationale, au moins la FNAB –Fédération nationale d’agriculture biologique –, la Confédération paysanne, les agriculteurs, les associations environnementales ! Le débat est puissant, il monte dans la société, porté par des gens qui travaillent vraiment la terre, par des paysans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721210",
   "speaker": "Alexis Corbière",
   "quality": "M. Alexis Corbière",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209677",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209677"
   ],
   "order": 518,
   "text": "Face aux leurs, vos arguments ne tiennent pas.Vous introduisez aujourd’hui une dérogation pour les betteraves, mais demain vous ne résisterez pas aux demandes de dérogations pour le maïs, pour les autres céréales… (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.) Car ces agriculteurs auront les mêmes difficultés que les betteraviers. Au nom de quoi accorderez-vous à une profession, à une filière, le privilège que vous refuserez à une autre ? Le problème est systémique ; il faut réfléchir grand angle. Vous dites que nous méprisons les betteraviers ; mais c’est précisément parce que nous les respectons que nous croyons que la réponse à leur apporter ne concerne pas leur seule filière. Il faut aller vers un autre type d’agriculture.Vous ne nous convainquez pas, monsieur le ministre. Mais le débat sera long. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 144,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209677",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2cf8c6dc0c72",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Face aux leurs, vos arguments ne tiennent pas.Vous introduisez aujourd’hui une dérogation pour les betteraves, mais demain vous ne résisterez pas aux demandes de dérogations pour le maïs, pour les autres céréales… (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.) Car ces agriculteurs auront les mêmes difficultés que les betteraviers. Au nom de quoi accorderez-vous à une profession, à une filière, le privilège que vous refuserez à une autre ? Le problème est systémique ; il faut réfléchir grand angle. Vous dites que nous méprisons les betteraviers ; mais c’est précisément parce que nous les respectons que nous croyons que la réponse à leur apporter ne concerne pas leur seule filière. Il faut aller vers un autre type d’agriculture.Vous ne nous convainquez pas, monsieur le ministre. Mais le débat sera long. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719874",
   "speaker": "Élodie Jacquier-Laforge",
   "quality": "Mme Élodie Jacquier-Laforge",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209681",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209681"
   ],
   "order": 520,
   "text": "J’ai entendu ce soir qu’il fallait prendre les agriculteurs par la main, et qu’il fallait leur mettre la pression pour que la loi de 2016 puisse s’appliquer. Je voudrais vous faire part d’un cas concret, les pieds dans la terre : celui des producteurs de noix.J’ai le bonheur d’avoir dans ma circonscription une station expérimentale, qui existe depuis 1993.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209681",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9f537a7bbb99",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai entendu ce soir qu’il fallait prendre les agriculteurs par la main, et qu’il fallait leur mettre la pression pour que la loi de 2016 puisse s’appliquer. Je voudrais vous faire part d’un cas concret, les pieds dans la terre : celui des producteurs de noix.J’ai le bonheur d’avoir dans ma circonscription une station expérimentale, qui existe depuis 1993."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719874",
   "speaker": "Élodie Jacquier-Laforge",
   "quality": "Mme Élodie Jacquier-Laforge",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209684",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209684"
   ],
   "order": 522,
   "text": "Les nuciculteurs se sont pris par la main, et depuis lors, avec un budget qui n’est abondé qu’à 30 % par des subventions publiques, ils travaillent avec les autres professionnels à faire baisser les intrants, à créer des produits de biocontrôle. Ils sont à l’écoute de la société, à bas bruit, de façon très concrète. Ils travaillent à la production de noix de qualité, qui respecte l’environnement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209684",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncc0f8046f881",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les nuciculteurs se sont pris par la main, et depuis lors, avec un budget qui n’est abondé qu’à 30 % par des subventions publiques, ils travaillent avec les autres professionnels à faire baisser les intrants, à créer des produits de biocontrôle. Ils sont à l’écoute de la société, à bas bruit, de façon très concrète. Ils travaillent à la production de noix de qualité, qui respecte l’environnement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719874",
   "speaker": "Élodie Jacquier-Laforge",
   "quality": "Mme Élodie Jacquier-Laforge",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209685",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209685"
   ],
   "order": 524,
   "text": "Tout cela pour vous dire, chers collègues, que l’on peut aussi compter sur des agriculteurs responsables. Je suis pour ma part plus que réservée sur le maintien des néonicotinoïdes : on peut prendre le temps, comme on peut prendre ses responsabilités. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et LaREM, ainsi que sur les bancs des groupes SOC, FI et EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209685",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N312d9e494310",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Tout cela pour vous dire, chers collègues, que l’on peut aussi compter sur des agriculteurs responsables. Je suis pour ma part plus que réservée sur le maintien des néonicotinoïdes : on peut prendre le temps, comme on peut prendre ses responsabilités. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Dem et [GROUPE], ainsi que sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], FI et EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209687",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209687"
   ],
   "order": 526,
   "text": "Cela fait deux fois ! Mesdames et messieurs les députés du groupe La France insoumise, pour vous, prendre de la hauteur, c’est que l’un de vos collègues me qualifie d’ingénieur agronome précaire, je crois, ou funeste…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209687",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N47d33f909d90",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cela fait deux fois ! Mesdames et messieurs les députés du groupe [GROUPE], pour vous, prendre de la hauteur, c’est que l’un de vos collègues me qualifie d’ingénieur agronome précaire, je crois, ou funeste…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209689",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209689"
   ],
   "order": 528,
   "text": "Piètre, voilà. À présent, M. Corbière en vient à me dire que je suis l’équivalent d’un puceron vert. J’ai l’impression que votre vision de notre agriculture est vraiment formidable ! Vous faites honneur à la représentation nationale : quelle belle hauteur de vue, c’est magnifique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209689",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N98f9fd1867e6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Piètre, voilà. À présent, M. Corbière en vient à me dire que je suis l’équivalent d’un puceron vert. J’ai l’impression que votre vision de notre agriculture est vraiment formidable ! Vous faites honneur à la représentation nationale : quelle belle hauteur de vue, c’est magnifique ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209699",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209699"
   ],
   "order": 538,
   "text": "Il n’y a au fond qu’une différence entre les membres de la majorité présidentielle et ceux du groupe La France insoumise : les premiers défendent des convictions ; vous, vous êtes pétris de certitudes !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 35,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209699",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndb366d05b191",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’y a au fond qu’une différence entre les membres de la majorité présidentielle et ceux du groupe [GROUPE] : les premiers défendent des convictions ; vous, vous êtes pétris de certitudes !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209703",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209703"
   ],
   "order": 542,
   "text": "J’ai des arguments ! Monsieur Corbière, vous dites que Mme Batho m’aurait brillamment pulvérisé –⁠ quel jeu de mot. Je voudrais vous lire, non pas l’avis du rapporteur public, madame Batho, mais l’avis du Conseil d’État, dans sa séance du 26 août 2020. Ce sera un peu fastidieux et je m’en excuse.« Depuis le 1er septembre 2018, toute utilisation de produits et de semences contenant des néonicotinoïdes ou des substances assimilées est donc en principe interdite en France. […] Le Conseil d’État appelle l’attention du Gouvernement » –⁠ que je représente – « sur le fait que cette interdiction, réitérée par le projet de loi, est susceptible de soulever des difficultés au regard du droit de l’Union européenne. Le décret du 30 juillet 2018 a, en effet, été contesté sur ce terrain devant le juge administratif. Par une décision du 28 juin 2019, no 424617, l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes, le Conseil d’État statuant au contentieux a décidé de transmettre une question préjudicielle à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. […]L’avocat général devant la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne a rendu ses conclusions le 4 juin 2020. Il a estimé que la communication du gouvernement français sur les dispositions d’interdiction devait être qualifiée d’information officielle au titre de l’article 71 du règlement no 1107/2009. » C’est ce que je vous ai expliqué tout à l’heure.Plus bas, le Conseil d’État précise : « On ne peut dès lors écarter la possibilité […] que les futures décisions de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne puis du Conseil d’État statuant au contentieux remettent en cause le maintien d’une interdiction de portée aussi générale et absolue. »",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 279,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209703",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndaa3ff03a7ec",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai des arguments ! Monsieur Corbière, vous dites que Mme Batho m’aurait brillamment pulvérisé –⁠ quel jeu de mot. Je voudrais vous lire, non pas l’avis du rapporteur public, madame Batho, mais l’avis du Conseil d’État, dans sa séance du 26 août 2020. Ce sera un peu fastidieux et je m’en excuse.« Depuis le 1er septembre 2018, toute utilisation de produits et de semences contenant des néonicotinoïdes ou des substances assimilées est donc en principe interdite en France. […] Le Conseil d’État appelle l’attention du Gouvernement » –⁠ que je représente – « sur le fait que cette interdiction, réitérée par le projet de loi, est susceptible de soulever des difficultés au regard du droit de l’Union européenne. Le décret du 30 juillet 2018 a, en effet, été contesté sur ce terrain devant le juge administratif. Par une décision du 28 juin 2019, no 424617, l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes, le Conseil d’État statuant au contentieux a décidé de transmettre une question préjudicielle à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. […]L’avocat général devant la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne a rendu ses conclusions le 4 juin 2020. Il a estimé que la communication du gouvernement français sur les dispositions d’interdiction devait être qualifiée d’information officielle au titre de l’article 71 du règlement no 1107/2009. » C’est ce que je vous ai expliqué tout à l’heure.Plus bas, le Conseil d’État précise : « On ne peut dès lors écarter la possibilité […] que les futures décisions de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne puis du Conseil d’État statuant au contentieux remettent en cause le maintien d’une interdiction de portée aussi générale et absolue. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "3d77df8611705aee390fad389a676c07ce8d1fc479f77b038ff03fa1e0e998e9",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209708",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209708"
   ],
   "order": 544,
   "text": "« Le Conseil d’État estime toutefois que l’article 71 du règlement no 1107/2009 permet aux États membres de prendre des mesures [et que] le projet de loi » – celui dont nous débattons ce soir – « pourrait permettre de consolider le dispositif national […] En effet, la nouvelle rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 renvoie expressément au décret le soin de \"préciser\" les substances concernées. » Le Conseil d’État dit bien que ce projet de loi pourra consolider la loi de 2016, madame Batho ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N006-2209708",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0ebe49c54a06",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "« Le Conseil d’État estime toutefois que l’article 71 du règlement no 1107/2009 permet aux États membres de prendre des mesures [et que] le projet de loi » – celui dont nous débattons ce soir – « pourrait permettre de consolider le dispositif national […] En effet, la nouvelle rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 renvoie expressément au décret le soin de \"préciser\" les substances concernées. » Le Conseil d’État dit bien que ce projet de loi pourra consolider la loi de 2016, madame Batho ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720286",
   "speaker": "Caroline Fiat",
   "quality": "Mme Caroline Fiat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209893",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209893"
   ],
   "order": 10,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, le groupe de La France insoumise souhaite supprimer l’alinéa 3 de l’article 1er.Des dizaines d’arguments montrent l’impasse dans laquelle s’enferme le Gouvernement avec ce projet de loi. Il est en effet manifeste que ce texte va à rebours de l’urgence écologique. Plus de 1 220 études scientifiques réalisées dans le monde entier au cours des vingt dernières années établissent les effets hautement toxiques des néonicotinoïdes sur les insectes pollinisateurs, la biodiversité, la qualité des sols et de l’eau, ainsi que sur la santé humaine.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209893",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1247dac4d782",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, le groupe de [GROUPE] souhaite supprimer l’alinéa 3 de l’article 1er.Des dizaines d’arguments montrent l’impasse dans laquelle s’enferme le Gouvernement avec ce projet de loi. Il est en effet manifeste que ce texte va à rebours de l’urgence écologique. Plus de 1 220 études scientifiques réalisées dans le monde entier au cours des vingt dernières années établissent les effets hautement toxiques des néonicotinoïdes sur les insectes pollinisateurs, la biodiversité, la qualité des sols et de l’eau, ainsi que sur la santé humaine."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720286",
   "speaker": "Caroline Fiat",
   "quality": "Mme Caroline Fiat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209896"
   ],
   "order": 12,
   "text": "Depuis l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes au milieu des années 1990, la production de miel a été divisée par trois dans notre pays ; la France importe désormais plus de 70 % du miel consommé sur son sol.En 2017, une étude a révélé que 80 % de la biomasse des insectes volants avait disparu en Europe en moins de trente ans. Les auteurs de cette étude estiment que les pratiques agricoles conventionnelles sont la première cause de ce déclin. En quelques années, les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées, leur nombre diminuant de 37 % au sein de l’Union européenne. Les insectes pollinisateurs sont pourtant nécessaires à 85 % des plantes cultivées en Europe. En octobre 2019, des scientifiques du CNRS –⁠ Centre national de la recherche scientifique – et de l’INRA –⁠ Institut national de la recherche agronomique – ont ainsi démontré que la pollinisation gratuite des abeilles est bien plus avantageuse que l’utilisation de pesticides.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 154,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209896",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na6ea42d6b242",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes au milieu des années 1990, la production de miel a été divisée par trois dans notre pays ; la France importe désormais plus de 70 % du miel consommé sur son sol.En 2017, une étude a révélé que 80 % de la biomasse des insectes volants avait disparu en Europe en moins de trente ans. Les auteurs de cette étude estiment que les pratiques agricoles conventionnelles sont la première cause de ce déclin. En quelques années, les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées, leur nombre diminuant de 37 % au sein de l’Union européenne. Les insectes pollinisateurs sont pourtant nécessaires à 85 % des plantes cultivées en Europe. En octobre 2019, des scientifiques du CNRS –⁠ Centre national de la recherche scientifique – et de l’INRA –⁠ Institut national de la recherche agronomique – ont ainsi démontré que la pollinisation gratuite des abeilles est bien plus avantageuse que l’utilisation de pesticides."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur de la commission des affaires économiques",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209900",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209900"
   ],
   "order": 14,
   "text": "Je rappelle que les alinéas 3, 4 et 5 de l’article 1er du texte adopté en commission tendent à modifier la rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime, afin de répondre à la nécessité de garantir la compatibilité entre les droits européen et national. Je suis donc défavorable à cet amendement, même si je comprends votre argumentaire.Je sais que les points de vue divergent quant à la création, votée en commission, d’un conseil de surveillance. J’espère que les dispositions afférentes seront amendées et renforcées mais, madame…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209900",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N807f895e5350",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle que les alinéas 3, 4 et 5 de l’article 1er du texte adopté en commission tendent à modifier la rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime, afin de répondre à la nécessité de garantir la compatibilité entre les droits européen et national. Je suis donc défavorable à cet amendement, même si je comprends votre argumentaire.Je sais que les points de vue divergent quant à la création, votée en commission, d’un conseil de surveillance. J’espère que les dispositions afférentes seront amendées et renforcées mais, madame…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209903",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209903"
   ],
   "order": 16,
   "text": "…Fiat, l’objectif est que toutes les parties prenantes soient représentées en son sein. Je l’ai tout dit à l’heure, doivent y figurer : les organisations non gouvernementales –⁠ ONG –, les associations de protection de la nature, les représentants de l’ensemble des syndicats agricoles, des membres des ministères chargés de l’écologie et de l’agriculture, ainsi que quatre députés et quatre sénateurs. C’est une machine que nous créons, pas un comité Théodule, et j’ai aussi demandé que des représentants du monde apicole en fassent partie. L’objectif est bien de travailler ensemble à trouver une suite satisfaisante à ce texte. En définitive, la création de ce conseil de surveillance constitue également une réponse à votre amendement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209903",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N30685fe62bfe",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…Fiat, l’objectif est que toutes les parties prenantes soient représentées en son sein. Je l’ai tout dit à l’heure, doivent y figurer : les organisations non gouvernementales –⁠ ONG –, les associations de protection de la nature, les représentants de l’ensemble des syndicats agricoles, des membres des ministères chargés de l’écologie et de l’agriculture, ainsi que quatre députés et quatre sénateurs. C’est une machine que nous créons, pas un comité Théodule, et j’ai aussi demandé que des représentants du monde apicole en fassent partie. L’objectif est bien de travailler ensemble à trouver une suite satisfaisante à ce texte. En définitive, la création de ce conseil de surveillance constitue également une réponse à votre amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209908",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209908"
   ],
   "order": 20,
   "text": "Madame Fiat, je vous l’apprendrai peut-être et M. le ministre le confirmera : en parallèle du projet de loi que nous examinons ce soir, un plan est prévu pour enfin développer les pollinisateurs. Certes, les abeilles ont été détruites par les produits phytosanitaires –⁠ nous reconnaissons tous qu’il s’agit d’un grave problème –, mais ce n’est pas la seule cause de leur extinction ; le manque de nourriture dont les abeilles peuvent souffrir en est une autre. Les grandes cultures, notamment au détriment des bocages, ont éliminé tout ce qui fournissait cette nourriture. Ainsi M. le ministre s’emploiera-t-il –⁠ il l’a indiqué en commission – à élaborer un plan dédié aux pollinisateurs afin de pérenniser la filière et de faire en sorte que nous cessions d’importer du miel de l’étranger alors que nous pouvons le produire en France.Je vous donne ces éléments pour votre bonne information, madame Fiat.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209908",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N31b9629c3e3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Fiat, je vous l’apprendrai peut-être et M. le ministre le confirmera : en parallèle du projet de loi que nous examinons ce soir, un plan est prévu pour enfin développer les pollinisateurs. Certes, les abeilles ont été détruites par les produits phytosanitaires –⁠ nous reconnaissons tous qu’il s’agit d’un grave problème –, mais ce n’est pas la seule cause de leur extinction ; le manque de nourriture dont les abeilles peuvent souffrir en est une autre. Les grandes cultures, notamment au détriment des bocages, ont éliminé tout ce qui fournissait cette nourriture. Ainsi M. le ministre s’emploiera-t-il –⁠ il l’a indiqué en commission – à élaborer un plan dédié aux pollinisateurs afin de pérenniser la filière et de faire en sorte que nous cessions d’importer du miel de l’étranger alors que nous pouvons le produire en France.Je vous donne ces éléments pour votre bonne information, madame Fiat."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720286",
   "speaker": "Caroline Fiat",
   "quality": "Mme Caroline Fiat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209911",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209911"
   ],
   "order": 22,
   "text": "Je vous remercie, cher collègue Millienne, pour cette bonne information, mais vous savez que ce n’est pas parce qu’on ne se trouve pas dans l’hémicycle qu’on ne suit pas les débats qui y ont lieu.J’entends ce que vous venez de dire : vous admettez que les produits phytopharmaceutiques ont causé la perte des abeilles.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209911",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N06a7724fadb0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie, cher collègue Millienne, pour cette bonne information, mais vous savez que ce n’est pas parce qu’on ne se trouve pas dans l’hémicycle qu’on ne suit pas les débats qui y ont lieu.J’entends ce que vous venez de dire : vous admettez que les produits phytopharmaceutiques ont causé la perte des abeilles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720286",
   "speaker": "Caroline Fiat",
   "quality": "Mme Caroline Fiat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209914",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209914"
   ],
   "order": 24,
   "text": "C’est bien tout le problème. On peut créer des comités de surveillance ou d’autres instances, mais une chose est sûre, les néonicotinoïdes jouent un rôle dans l’extinction des abeilles. Pourquoi donc, à la lumière de cette connaissance, les réautoriser ?Que les néonicotinoïdes ne soient pas les seuls responsables, c’est entendu, et que nous travaillions sur les autres causes, c’est très bien, mais les produits phytosanitaires jouent bien un rôle très important et c’est pour cette raison que nous sommes opposés au texte. Vous le reconnaissez vous-même, cher collègue, cela atteste donc de la cohérence de cet amendement. Par conséquent, je suppose que vous le voterez.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209914",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N14ac5a670a02",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est bien tout le problème. On peut créer des comités de surveillance ou d’autres instances, mais une chose est sûre, les néonicotinoïdes jouent un rôle dans l’extinction des abeilles. Pourquoi donc, à la lumière de cette connaissance, les réautoriser ?Que les néonicotinoïdes ne soient pas les seuls responsables, c’est entendu, et que nous travaillions sur les autres causes, c’est très bien, mais les produits phytosanitaires jouent bien un rôle très important et c’est pour cette raison que nous sommes opposés au texte. Vous le reconnaissez vous-même, cher collègue, cela atteste donc de la cohérence de cet amendement. Par conséquent, je suppose que vous le voterez."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA748954",
   "speaker": "Antoine Savignat",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Savignat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209919",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209919"
   ],
   "order": 27,
   "text": "En ce qui concerne les pollinisateurs, il ne faudrait pas que nous nous trompions de débat ; or, en créant un clivage entre la filière apicole et la filière betteravière, j’ai l’impression que c’est que nous sommes en train de faire. Tout le monde a évidemment conscience de l’impact négatif des néonicotinoïdes sur la filière apicole ; il ne fait aucun doute.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209919",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N07c51b48d196",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En ce qui concerne les pollinisateurs, il ne faudrait pas que nous nous trompions de débat ; or, en créant un clivage entre la filière apicole et la filière betteravière, j’ai l’impression que c’est que nous sommes en train de faire. Tout le monde a évidemment conscience de l’impact négatif des néonicotinoïdes sur la filière apicole ; il ne fait aucun doute."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA748954",
   "speaker": "Antoine Savignat",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Savignat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209921",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209921"
   ],
   "order": 29,
   "text": "Mais cette filière souffre aussi d’autres problèmes. La concurrence mondiale, les pratiques de certains pays ou encore les prix très bas pratiqués par une large partie de la distribution font que la filière apicole française peine à être rentable et à combattre les agissements de certains États.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209921",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N910ce3b8336f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mais cette filière souffre aussi d’autres problèmes. La concurrence mondiale, les pratiques de certains pays ou encore les prix très bas pratiqués par une large partie de la distribution font que la filière apicole française peine à être rentable et à combattre les agissements de certains États."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA748954",
   "speaker": "Antoine Savignat",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Savignat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209923",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209923"
   ],
   "order": 31,
   "text": "Et c’est ce qui risque d’arriver demain à la filière betteravière si nous ne sommes plus en situation de produire suffisamment pour satisfaire notre marché et si nous nous exposons à des pratiques étrangères qui dévoient les nôtres alors qu’il convient de les préserver. Ne créons donc pas un clivage entre ces deux filières qui doivent travailler main dans la main et s’écouter au quotidien.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209923",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N27fce7d63f1a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Et c’est ce qui risque d’arriver demain à la filière betteravière si nous ne sommes plus en situation de produire suffisamment pour satisfaire notre marché et si nous nous exposons à des pratiques étrangères qui dévoient les nôtres alors qu’il convient de les préserver. Ne créons donc pas un clivage entre ces deux filières qui doivent travailler main dans la main et s’écouter au quotidien."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605084",
   "speaker": "Jacques Krabal",
   "quality": "M. Jacques Krabal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209925",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209925"
   ],
   "order": 33,
   "text": "Avec cet amendement, nous voyons bien que nous sommes au-delà de la polémique relative à la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes. Il n’y a pas le clivage entre les apiculteurs et les agriculteurs, ce n’est pas vrai.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 35,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209925",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na66b4ae6c407",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avec cet amendement, nous voyons bien que nous sommes au-delà de la polémique relative à la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes. Il n’y a pas le clivage entre les apiculteurs et les agriculteurs, ce n’est pas vrai."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605084",
   "speaker": "Jacques Krabal",
   "quality": "M. Jacques Krabal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209927",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209927"
   ],
   "order": 35,
   "text": "Vous les avez rencontrés ; moi aussi. Sur le terrain, ils travaillent en parfaite harmonie.Beaucoup de remarques très politiques sont faites sur ce texte, mais on ne met pas en avant sa portée positive. Or j’estime qu’une dynamique nouvelle est engagée autour des pollinisateurs et des apiculteurs. Je souhaite donc, monsieur le ministre, qu’avec ce projet de loi, nous portions une attention particulière à cette filière des apiculteurs.Il est évident que les néonicotinoïdes sont dangereux pour les abeilles,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209927",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6d726cd9b36a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous les avez rencontrés ; moi aussi. Sur le terrain, ils travaillent en parfaite harmonie.Beaucoup de remarques très politiques sont faites sur ce texte, mais on ne met pas en avant sa portée positive. Or j’estime qu’une dynamique nouvelle est engagée autour des pollinisateurs et des apiculteurs. Je souhaite donc, monsieur le ministre, qu’avec ce projet de loi, nous portions une attention particulière à cette filière des apiculteurs.Il est évident que les néonicotinoïdes sont dangereux pour les abeilles,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605084",
   "speaker": "Jacques Krabal",
   "quality": "M. Jacques Krabal",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209933",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209933"
   ],
   "order": 39,
   "text": "Ce que demandent aussi les apiculteurs, c’est d’être soutenus en matière de formation. Certains sont professionnels, d’autres sont bénévoles, et ils soutiennent pour partie ce projet de loi. Ils nous demandent de prendre en compte leurs attentes. Grâce au plan de M. le ministre en faveur des pollinisateurs, j’y insiste, une dynamique est engagée : je salue donc à nouveau ce projet de loi.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209933",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbb66ab911431",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce que demandent aussi les apiculteurs, c’est d’être soutenus en matière de formation. Certains sont professionnels, d’autres sont bénévoles, et ils soutiennent pour partie ce projet de loi. Ils nous demandent de prendre en compte leurs attentes. Grâce au plan de M. le ministre en faveur des pollinisateurs, j’y insiste, une dynamique est engagée : je salue donc à nouveau ce projet de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209936",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209936"
   ],
   "order": 42,
   "text": "Il vise, à l’inverse du présent projet de loi, à rétablir, et conforter, l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes prévue à l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime depuis les lois du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages et du 30 octobre 2018 pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous –⁠ loi EGALIM. Il s’agirait aujourd’hui de simplement supprimer les mentions de dates dépassées : la date d’entrée en vigueur, au 1er septembre 2018, de l’interdiction, et la date butoir, fixée au 1er juillet 2020, pour accorder des dérogations.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez eu tout à l’heure la bonne idée de lire l’avis de Conseil d’État sur ce projet de loi, mais vous n’avez lu qu’un extrait –⁠ certainement car nous devions faire une pause. Vous vous êtes arrêté aux mots : « consolider le dispositif national souhaité par le Gouvernement ». Je souhaite poursuivre la citation. L’avis continue ainsi : « En effet, la nouvelle rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 [du code rural et de la pêche maritime] renvoie expressément au décret le soin de ’’préciser’’ les substances concernées, dans une logique d’examen au cas par cas. Il appartiendra ainsi au pouvoir réglementaire, […] dans le respect des règles de procédure, […] [de définir] quelles substances relevant de la famille des néonicotinoïdes peuvent faire l’objet d’une interdiction nationale. »Or c’est exactement l’inverse de ce que prévoit la loi du 8 août 2016, laquelle a édicté une interdiction de portée générale et absolue de tous les produits à base de néonicotinoïdes. En renvoyant la définition des substances interdites à un décret, votre projet de loi permet donc à un gouvernement, actuel ou futur, d’autoriser des substances néonicotinoïdes en France, pourvu qu’elles ne soient pas encore interdites à l’échelle européenne, comme c’est le cas de l’acétamipride.Le présent amendement vise donc à empêcher une telle régression.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 331,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209936",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc7658a2cf6c8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise, à l’inverse du présent projet de loi, à rétablir, et conforter, l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes prévue à l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime depuis les lois du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages et du 30 octobre 2018 pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous –⁠ loi EGALIM. Il s’agirait aujourd’hui de simplement supprimer les mentions de dates dépassées : la date d’entrée en vigueur, au 1er septembre 2018, de l’interdiction, et la date butoir, fixée au 1er juillet 2020, pour accorder des dérogations.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez eu tout à l’heure la bonne idée de lire l’avis de Conseil d’État sur ce projet de loi, mais vous n’avez lu qu’un extrait –⁠ certainement car nous devions faire une pause. Vous vous êtes arrêté aux mots : « consolider le dispositif national souhaité par le Gouvernement ». Je souhaite poursuivre la citation. L’avis continue ainsi : « En effet, la nouvelle rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 [du code rural et de la pêche maritime] renvoie expressément au décret le soin de ’’préciser’’ les substances concernées, dans une logique d’examen au cas par cas. Il appartiendra ainsi au pouvoir réglementaire, […] dans le respect des règles de procédure, […] [de définir] quelles substances relevant de la famille des néonicotinoïdes peuvent faire l’objet d’une interdiction nationale. »Or c’est exactement l’inverse de ce que prévoit la loi du 8 août 2016, laquelle a édicté une interdiction de portée générale et absolue de tous les produits à base de néonicotinoïdes. En renvoyant la définition des substances interdites à un décret, votre projet de loi permet donc à un gouvernement, actuel ou futur, d’autoriser des substances néonicotinoïdes en France, pourvu qu’elles ne soient pas encore interdites à l’échelle européenne, comme c’est le cas de l’acétamipride.Le présent amendement vise donc à empêcher une telle régression."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719092",
   "speaker": "Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "quality": "Mme Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209941",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209941"
   ],
   "order": 44,
   "text": "Le présent amendement vise à conforter les dispositions de la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, que ce projet de loi tend à défaire, tout en sécurisant l’actuelle rédaction de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime, telle qu’elle est issue de la loi EGALIM votée il y a deux ans par la majorité présidentielle.Sans revenir sur la toxicité ou la persistance de néonicotinoïdes dans le milieu naturel, je tiens à rappeler que les dommages que nous causons à la biodiversité, à l’eau et à la nature dans son ensemble, et que la punition que nous infligerions par ce texte aux espèces et aux écosystèmes, ont des conséquences sur notre sécurité alimentaire, donc sur notre avenir.La semaine dernière, le secrétaire général des Nations unies déclarait : « L’humanité fait la guerre à la nature. » Ce texte en est l’illustration. Nous devrions porter tous nos efforts sur le soutien massif à l’investissement dans le biocontrôle pour la filière betteravière –⁠ cela a été dit –, au lieu de la mettre sous perfusion. Tout comme nous devrions investir dans des solutions fondées sur la nature, au profit de notre économie, de notre santé et de notre bien-être. Mais nous faisons exactement l’inverse dans une logique court-termiste et politicienne.Essayez donc, chers collègues, d’avoir un soupçon de lucidité et confortons ensemble les dispositions des lois de 2016 et de 2018 car la biodiversité en détresse n’a pas besoin de temporalité pour s’éteindre. Interdisons tous les produits à base de substances ayant le même mode d’action que les néonicotinoïdes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 285,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209941",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfe6db4a91f78",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le présent amendement vise à conforter les dispositions de la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, que ce projet de loi tend à défaire, tout en sécurisant l’actuelle rédaction de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime, telle qu’elle est issue de la loi EGALIM votée il y a deux ans par la majorité présidentielle.Sans revenir sur la toxicité ou la persistance de néonicotinoïdes dans le milieu naturel, je tiens à rappeler que les dommages que nous causons à la biodiversité, à l’eau et à la nature dans son ensemble, et que la punition que nous infligerions par ce texte aux espèces et aux écosystèmes, ont des conséquences sur notre sécurité alimentaire, donc sur notre avenir.La semaine dernière, le secrétaire général des Nations unies déclarait : « L’humanité fait la guerre à la nature. » Ce texte en est l’illustration. Nous devrions porter tous nos efforts sur le soutien massif à l’investissement dans le biocontrôle pour la filière betteravière –⁠ cela a été dit –, au lieu de la mettre sous perfusion. Tout comme nous devrions investir dans des solutions fondées sur la nature, au profit de notre économie, de notre santé et de notre bien-être. Mais nous faisons exactement l’inverse dans une logique court-termiste et politicienne.Essayez donc, chers collègues, d’avoir un soupçon de lucidité et confortons ensemble les dispositions des lois de 2016 et de 2018 car la biodiversité en détresse n’a pas besoin de temporalité pour s’éteindre. Interdisons tous les produits à base de substances ayant le même mode d’action que les néonicotinoïdes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS, ainsi que sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209946",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2209946"
   ],
   "order": 46,
   "text": "Avec ces amendements, nous en revenons aux deux choix qui se sont présentés à nous cet été, et que nous évoquions cet après-midi. Le premier était de laisser la filière betteravière sur le bord de la route et de ne pas prendre en considération les difficultés qu’elle a rencontrées après l’hiver. Quant au second, il était d’accompagner cette filière dans la transition agroécologique qu’elle mérite, pour la transformer en une filière d’avenir écoresponsable et fière de ce qu’elle représente.Or vos amendements, qui visent à maintenir l’actuelle rédaction de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime, reviennent en fait à opter pour la première solution, qui n’a évidemment pas ma préférence. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 116,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2209946",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8808b1da83fe",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avec ces amendements, nous en revenons aux deux choix qui se sont présentés à nous cet été, et que nous évoquions cet après-midi. Le premier était de laisser la filière betteravière sur le bord de la route et de ne pas prendre en considération les difficultés qu’elle a rencontrées après l’hiver. Quant au second, il était d’accompagner cette filière dans la transition agroécologique qu’elle mérite, pour la transformer en une filière d’avenir écoresponsable et fière de ce qu’elle représente.Or vos amendements, qui visent à maintenir l’actuelle rédaction de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime, reviennent en fait à opter pour la première solution, qui n’a évidemment pas ma préférence. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210266"
   ],
   "order": 50,
   "text": "Il ne s’agit pas seulement de la filière betteravière et de la jaunisse du puceron, mais de savoir si nous sommes en train de détricoter le code de l’environnement et la protection accordée à l’ensemble des substances. Là où la loi de 2016 était forte, c’est qu’elle prévoyait une interdiction a priori de toute une classe de substances, elle ne faisait pas du cas par cas ; c’était une interdiction systémique, si vous me passez l’expression.J’en profite pour répondre sur les maux de l’abeille. Le varroa et toutes les autres causes ayant contribué à la chute des populations d’abeilles ont été utilisés au cours des dernières décennies par l’industrie phytosanitaire comme un moyen de noyer le poisson, si j’ose dire, pour éviter que l’on s’intéresse de trop près à l’impact des néonicotinoïdes. Il faut prêter à ces derniers une attention toute particulière car ils constituent une menace terrible et systématique contre la biodiversité. Le fait que nous ayons passé tant de temps à utiliser de tels poisons sans nous intéresser davantage à leur effet sur l’ensemble de la biodiversité, et pas seulement sur les abeilles, devrait nous interpeller.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 188,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210266",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N36047198d48a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne s’agit pas seulement de la filière betteravière et de la jaunisse du puceron, mais de savoir si nous sommes en train de détricoter le code de l’environnement et la protection accordée à l’ensemble des substances. Là où la loi de 2016 était forte, c’est qu’elle prévoyait une interdiction a priori de toute une classe de substances, elle ne faisait pas du cas par cas ; c’était une interdiction systémique, si vous me passez l’expression.J’en profite pour répondre sur les maux de l’abeille. Le varroa et toutes les autres causes ayant contribué à la chute des populations d’abeilles ont été utilisés au cours des dernières décennies par l’industrie phytosanitaire comme un moyen de noyer le poisson, si j’ose dire, pour éviter que l’on s’intéresse de trop près à l’impact des néonicotinoïdes. Il faut prêter à ces derniers une attention toute particulière car ils constituent une menace terrible et systématique contre la biodiversité. Le fait que nous ayons passé tant de temps à utiliser de tels poisons sans nous intéresser davantage à leur effet sur l’ensemble de la biodiversité, et pas seulement sur les abeilles, devrait nous interpeller."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210269",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210269"
   ],
   "order": 52,
   "text": "J’ai bien compris qu’il s’agissait d’un texte pour interdire les néonicotinoïdes et c’est pourquoi nous les autorisons pour trois ans de plus… Monsieur le ministre, j’aimerais que vous m’écoutiez sans vous énerver ; si c’est possible, évidemment.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210269",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf52ac43a9ae9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai bien compris qu’il s’agissait d’un texte pour interdire les néonicotinoïdes et c’est pourquoi nous les autorisons pour trois ans de plus… Monsieur le ministre, j’aimerais que vous m’écoutiez sans vous énerver ; si c’est possible, évidemment."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210271",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210271"
   ],
   "order": 54,
   "text": "Scientifiquement, les néonicotinoïdes sont mauvais pour la biodiversité et pas seulement pour les abeilles car d’autres insectes sont affectés par ce pesticide.Je ne reviens même pas sur l’argument de l’inconstitutionnalité développé par M. Chassaigne, dont je partage l’avis ; tant pis pour vous, vous subirez une nouvelle censure et ce ne sera pas notre faute.Vous dites ne pas vouloir laisser la filière sur le bas-côté : elle est en difficulté, elle va perdre des sous, il y a la jaunisse de la betterave… il faut donc bien faire quelque chose.Nous considérons pour notre part qu’il faudrait environ 80 millions d’euros pour indemniser les producteurs,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210271",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N79df2f7df6d2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Scientifiquement, les néonicotinoïdes sont mauvais pour la biodiversité et pas seulement pour les abeilles car d’autres insectes sont affectés par ce pesticide.Je ne reviens même pas sur l’argument de l’inconstitutionnalité développé par M. Chassaigne, dont je partage l’avis ; tant pis pour vous, vous subirez une nouvelle censure et ce ne sera pas notre faute.Vous dites ne pas vouloir laisser la filière sur le bas-côté : elle est en difficulté, elle va perdre des sous, il y a la jaunisse de la betterave… il faut donc bien faire quelque chose.Nous considérons pour notre part qu’il faudrait environ 80 millions d’euros pour indemniser les producteurs,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210585",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210585"
   ],
   "order": 56,
   "text": "…mais vous nous répondez que l’Europe nous l’interdirait car ce serait une intervention de l’État qui provoquerait une distorsion de concurrence épouvantable.De deux choses l’une : soit il va falloir que vous vous mettiez à contester les règles européennes –⁠ bienvenue au club –, soit nous avons raison sur toute la ligne, à savoir sur les règles européennes, la concurrence internationale, les prix planchers qui n’existent pas, la destruction de l’écosystème humain, le fait que les producteurs n’arrivent plus à vivre de leur production, enfin sur votre modèle agricole. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 96,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210585",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5cc260da2489",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…mais vous nous répondez que l’Europe nous l’interdirait car ce serait une intervention de l’État qui provoquerait une distorsion de concurrence épouvantable.De deux choses l’une : soit il va falloir que vous vous mettiez à contester les règles européennes –⁠ bienvenue au club –, soit nous avons raison sur toute la ligne, à savoir sur les règles européennes, la concurrence internationale, les prix planchers qui n’existent pas, la destruction de l’écosystème humain, le fait que les producteurs n’arrivent plus à vivre de leur production, enfin sur votre modèle agricole. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1695",
   "speaker": "Christian Jacob",
   "quality": "M. Christian Jacob",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210277",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210277"
   ],
   "order": 61,
   "text": "Un de nos collègues considère qu’il n’est pas grave d’attaquer une filière qui gagne de l’argent, or le sujet n’est pas une filière mais une production qui disparaîtra à jamais, car dès lors qu’il n’y aura plus de production de betteraves, et ce sera le cas si nous ne réautorisons pas les néonicotinoïdes tant que nous n’avons pas de produit de substitution, la plantation de betteraves disparaîtra, les usines avec, et nous ne pourrons plus relancer cette production. Cela concerne 1,5 % de l’assolement.Nous parlons de produits mis sur un enrobage de la graine : la graine est enrobée, dans le sol, s’agissant d’une plante sans floraison et où ne viennent donc pas les abeilles.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210277",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nedfcffdfa25b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Un de nos collègues considère qu’il n’est pas grave d’attaquer une filière qui gagne de l’argent, or le sujet n’est pas une filière mais une production qui disparaîtra à jamais, car dès lors qu’il n’y aura plus de production de betteraves, et ce sera le cas si nous ne réautorisons pas les néonicotinoïdes tant que nous n’avons pas de produit de substitution, la plantation de betteraves disparaîtra, les usines avec, et nous ne pourrons plus relancer cette production. Cela concerne 1,5 % de l’assolement.Nous parlons de produits mis sur un enrobage de la graine : la graine est enrobée, dans le sol, s’agissant d’une plante sans floraison et où ne viennent donc pas les abeilles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1695",
   "speaker": "Christian Jacob",
   "quality": "M. Christian Jacob",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210280",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210280"
   ],
   "order": 63,
   "text": "Si vous avez déjà mangé du miel de betterave, invitez-moi, je le partagerai volontiers avec vous ! Cela n’existe pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)Si nous n’autorisons pas à nouveau les néonicotinoïdes, on procédera par pulvérisation et les risques sont beaucoup plus importants. Protégeons donc les producteurs et la filière, pour une durée limitée, en attendant de trouver des produits de substitution.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210280",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf851af001eae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si vous avez déjà mangé du miel de betterave, invitez-moi, je le partagerai volontiers avec vous ! Cela n’existe pas. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Si nous n’autorisons pas à nouveau les néonicotinoïdes, on procédera par pulvérisation et les risques sont beaucoup plus importants. Protégeons donc les producteurs et la filière, pour une durée limitée, en attendant de trouver des produits de substitution."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1695",
   "speaker": "Christian Jacob",
   "quality": "M. Christian Jacob",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210654",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210654"
   ],
   "order": 65,
   "text": "Il ne faut pas être dans le dogme mais adopter un raisonnement pratique qui permette à la France de rester un grand pays agricole préservant son environnement. Les agriculteurs y sont suffisamment attachés, ont fait suffisamment d’efforts,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210654",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N93866074fdad",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne faut pas être dans le dogme mais adopter un raisonnement pratique qui permette à la France de rester un grand pays agricole préservant son environnement. Les agriculteurs y sont suffisamment attachés, ont fait suffisamment d’efforts,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1695",
   "speaker": "Christian Jacob",
   "quality": "M. Christian Jacob",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210656",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210656"
   ],
   "order": 67,
   "text": "…il faut aussi les respecter ainsi que les milliers de gens qui travaillent dans cette filière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem. –⁠ M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210656",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2ac28e507f93",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…il faut aussi les respecter ainsi que les milliers de gens qui travaillent dans cette filière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe Dem. –⁠ M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210283",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210283"
   ],
   "order": 69,
   "text": "De nombreuses personnes opposées au projet de loi se sont exprimées de façon raisonnable au sujet des abeilles : c’est en effet un véritable enjeu. C’est l’agriculteur qui vous parle, un agriculteur qui a lui-même utilisé des néonicotinoïdes et a arrêté de le faire, et qui, étant multiplicateur de semences, a besoin d’abeilles pour la fécondation de ses plantes.Avant d’aborder la question des traitements, je vous invite à vous rendre dans les champs, dans vos parcelles, pour voir où il y a des abeilles et où il n’y en pas, abeilles sauvages comme domestiques. Le vrai problème de nos campagnes, c’est la pauvreté écologique des plaines céréalières.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 107,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210283",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N73192d3d973a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "De nombreuses personnes opposées au projet de loi se sont exprimées de façon raisonnable au sujet des abeilles : c’est en effet un véritable enjeu. C’est l’agriculteur qui vous parle, un agriculteur qui a lui-même utilisé des néonicotinoïdes et a arrêté de le faire, et qui, étant multiplicateur de semences, a besoin d’abeilles pour la fécondation de ses plantes.Avant d’aborder la question des traitements, je vous invite à vous rendre dans les champs, dans vos parcelles, pour voir où il y a des abeilles et où il n’y en pas, abeilles sauvages comme domestiques. Le vrai problème de nos campagnes, c’est la pauvreté écologique des plaines céréalières."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210286",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210286"
   ],
   "order": 73,
   "text": "Il faut les faire déplacer –⁠ cela s’appelle de la transhumance – ou planter des cultures différentes, de la luzerne, des haies, pour apporter de la diversité.Notre collègue a dit tout à l’heure que ce projet de loi était court-termiste ; elle a raison, c’est à court terme donner un voie de sortie aux betteraviers, mais à moyen terme j’attends du ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation un engagement volontariste sur des solutions pour alimenter les abeilles, car en alimentant les abeilles on alimente de nombreux autres insectes. Il faut travailler sur la diversité de nos campagnes, la diversité des ressources mellifères pour les abeilles –⁠ et là nous aurons vraiment avancé. Il faut avoir conscience du fait que quand une abeille n’a pas à manger, elle est beaucoup plus sensible aux traitements et aux parasites. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM. –⁠ M. le rapporteur et M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 160,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210286",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8d13836e2b60",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut les faire déplacer –⁠ cela s’appelle de la transhumance – ou planter des cultures différentes, de la luzerne, des haies, pour apporter de la diversité.Notre collègue a dit tout à l’heure que ce projet de loi était court-termiste ; elle a raison, c’est à court terme donner un voie de sortie aux betteraviers, mais à moyen terme j’attends du ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation un engagement volontariste sur des solutions pour alimenter les abeilles, car en alimentant les abeilles on alimente de nombreux autres insectes. Il faut travailler sur la diversité de nos campagnes, la diversité des ressources mellifères pour les abeilles –⁠ et là nous aurons vraiment avancé. Il faut avoir conscience du fait que quand une abeille n’a pas à manger, elle est beaucoup plus sensible aux traitements et aux parasites. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. –⁠ M. le rapporteur et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210294",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210294"
   ],
   "order": 80,
   "text": "Ce que notre collègue vient de dire sur le manque de nourriture pour les pollinisateurs et la simplification excessive des paysages agricoles est exact. C’est l’un des impacts majeurs du glyphosate.L’amendement no 8 vise à supprimer la régression consistant à renvoyer à un décret le soin de décider quels néonicotinoïdes sont interdits en France. Il ne s’agit pas ici d’un débat sur les dérogations mais sur le cadre général de la loi, alors que la loi posait jusqu’alors le principe général et absolu de l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes en France. Désormais, la liste sera établie par décret, c’est, je le répète, une régression.Je ne donnerai pas lecture de tous les travaux scientifiques qui montrent que les semences de betterave enrobées conduisent à une contamination des eaux de surface par le thiaméthoxame à hauteur de 2,8 nanogrammes par litre après de fortes pluies, que ce phénomène a été mis en évidence dans la culture de la betterave sucrière, que 2 à 20 % seulement de l’imidaclopride qui entoure les semences sont captées par la plante et que 80 à 98 % des matières actives peuvent rester dans l’environnement, que le pollen et le nectar des cultures suivantes peuvent contaminer les pollinisateurs aux néonicotinoïdes, qu’une étude réalisée chez moi, dans les Deux-Sèvres, sur 291 parcelles, a montré que des résidus d’imidaclopride se trouvaient partout…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 223,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210294",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N33bb223498d1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce que notre collègue vient de dire sur le manque de nourriture pour les pollinisateurs et la simplification excessive des paysages agricoles est exact. C’est l’un des impacts majeurs du glyphosate.L’amendement no 8 vise à supprimer la régression consistant à renvoyer à un décret le soin de décider quels néonicotinoïdes sont interdits en France. Il ne s’agit pas ici d’un débat sur les dérogations mais sur le cadre général de la loi, alors que la loi posait jusqu’alors le principe général et absolu de l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes en France. Désormais, la liste sera établie par décret, c’est, je le répète, une régression.Je ne donnerai pas lecture de tous les travaux scientifiques qui montrent que les semences de betterave enrobées conduisent à une contamination des eaux de surface par le thiaméthoxame à hauteur de 2,8 nanogrammes par litre après de fortes pluies, que ce phénomène a été mis en évidence dans la culture de la betterave sucrière, que 2 à 20 % seulement de l’imidaclopride qui entoure les semences sont captées par la plante et que 80 à 98 % des matières actives peuvent rester dans l’environnement, que le pollen et le nectar des cultures suivantes peuvent contaminer les pollinisateurs aux néonicotinoïdes, qu’une étude réalisée chez moi, dans les Deux-Sèvres, sur 291 parcelles, a montré que des résidus d’imidaclopride se trouvaient partout…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210298",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210298"
   ],
   "order": 84,
   "text": "Je ne relirai pas l’avis du Conseil d’État, nous en avons déjà beaucoup discuté juste avant la levée de la séance de cet après-midi. Le présent texte est rédigé de façon à concilier parfaitement le droit français et le droit européen. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 43,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210298",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne389af7e759b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne relirai pas l’avis du Conseil d’État, nous en avons déjà beaucoup discuté juste avant la levée de la séance de cet après-midi. Le présent texte est rédigé de façon à concilier parfaitement le droit français et le droit européen. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210302",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210302"
   ],
   "order": 88,
   "text": "Je souhaite, à l’occasion de cet amendement, évoquer la gouvernance globale des produits phytosanitaires. Il existe deux lacunes énormes et j’aimerais connaître la position du ministre sur ces points. Il y a tout d’abord le décalage entre le vote européen, qui porte sur les produits, et la décision française, qui porte sur les molécules. Cela peut créer des distorsions de concurrence, sans parler de l’absence de visibilité. La France a beaucoup progressé en matière d’autonomie des agences sanitaires, et c’est sans équivalent en Europe. Une réforme de l’Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des aliments, l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, l’AESA, serait notamment souhaitable : y travaillez-vous ?Ensuite, en ce qui concerne les autorisations de molécules et la codécision par les ministères concernés dans le cadre du pilotage du plan Écophyto, qu’en est-il de l’avis du ministère des solidarités et de la santé ?Enfin, pouvez-vous répondre à notre grand étonnement d’avoir à délibérer sans avis de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail, l’ANSES, sur les questions que vous lui avez posées, avis qui n’arrivera qu’en janvier ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 183,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210302",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8feb6a365534",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite, à l’occasion de cet amendement, évoquer la gouvernance globale des produits phytosanitaires. Il existe deux lacunes énormes et j’aimerais connaître la position du ministre sur ces points. Il y a tout d’abord le décalage entre le vote européen, qui porte sur les produits, et la décision française, qui porte sur les molécules. Cela peut créer des distorsions de concurrence, sans parler de l’absence de visibilité. La France a beaucoup progressé en matière d’autonomie des agences sanitaires, et c’est sans équivalent en Europe. Une réforme de l’Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des aliments, l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, l’AESA, serait notamment souhaitable : y travaillez-vous ?Ensuite, en ce qui concerne les autorisations de molécules et la codécision par les ministères concernés dans le cadre du pilotage du plan Écophyto, qu’en est-il de l’avis du ministère des solidarités et de la santé ?Enfin, pouvez-vous répondre à notre grand étonnement d’avoir à délibérer sans avis de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail, l’ANSES, sur les questions que vous lui avez posées, avis qui n’arrivera qu’en janvier ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210306",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210306"
   ],
   "order": 90,
   "text": "Qui peut le plus peut le moins. L’idée de ce texte est d’être applicable, donc à la fois d’être accepté par le Conseil constitutionnel et rapidement opérationnel. Ce texte, cela a été précisé en commission et par le ministre tout à l’heure, ne concerne, s’agissant de son applicabilité, que la culture de la betterave et il faut tordre le cou à l’idée qu’il concernerait l’ensemble des cultures et des surfaces agricoles de France, car c’est faux.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210306",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nee620acb8164",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Qui peut le plus peut le moins. L’idée de ce texte est d’être applicable, donc à la fois d’être accepté par le Conseil constitutionnel et rapidement opérationnel. Ce texte, cela a été précisé en commission et par le ministre tout à l’heure, ne concerne, s’agissant de son applicabilité, que la culture de la betterave et il faut tordre le cou à l’idée qu’il concernerait l’ensemble des cultures et des surfaces agricoles de France, car c’est faux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210308",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210308"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "En effet, on comptait 480 000 hectares de betterave en 2018, 450 000 en 2019, 425 000 en 2020, pour une surface agricole utile totale de 29 millions d’hectares, soit 1,5 % du total. Arrêtons de dire n’importe quoi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LT.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210308",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1f839f5d5587",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En effet, on comptait 480 000 hectares de betterave en 2018, 450 000 en 2019, 425 000 en 2020, pour une surface agricole utile totale de 29 millions d’hectares, soit 1,5 % du total. Arrêtons de dire n’importe quoi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LT.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211718",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211718"
   ],
   "order": 94,
   "text": "Je ne vais pas entamer un débat agronomique avec Mme Batho, mais je tiens tout de même à répéter qu’en tant que composés organochlorés, les néonicotinoïdes s’attachent principalement aux sols argileux et qu’ils ne sont solubles que si les capacités de rétention des sols sont dépassées, ce qui n’arrive qu’en cas de fortes inondations. Ils ne sont donc que très faiblement lessivés. C’est un fait scientifique, réaffirmé par l’Institut national de la recherche agronomique, l’INRA, ainsi que j’ai pu le constater au cours des auditions.Il ne s’agit pas dire que les néonicotinoïdes sont sans danger mais, alors que j’entends dire depuis le début de l’examen du texte qu’ils nuisent à la biodiversité et qu’ils tuent les abeilles, je signale qu’il y en a cette année, ainsi que l’ensemble des pollinisateurs, beaucoup plus que d’habitude. Et ce n’est pas parce qu’on a arrêté les néonicotinoïdes mais parce que, durant la phase du confinement, l’activité humaine a été considérablement réduite. Il est beaucoup plus facile d’accuser 400 000 agriculteurs de tous les maux en matière de biodiversité et de dégâts environnementaux (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LaREM et LT) que de responsabiliser l’ensemble des habitants du pays, nous y compris, sur leur mode de vie qui est le principal responsable des atteintes à l’environnement. Quant au changement climatique, les agriculteurs en sont les principales victimes : André Chassaigne connaît bien la sucrerie de Bourdon, et il sait que ce qui l’a tuée, ce n’est pas l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes ou la libéralisation, mais bien le fait que le changement climatique a provoqué l’arrêt de la culture de betteraves dans la plaine de Limagne. (Mêmes mouvements.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 281,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211718",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1e511c6f0e42",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne vais pas entamer un débat agronomique avec Mme Batho, mais je tiens tout de même à répéter qu’en tant que composés organochlorés, les néonicotinoïdes s’attachent principalement aux sols argileux et qu’ils ne sont solubles que si les capacités de rétention des sols sont dépassées, ce qui n’arrive qu’en cas de fortes inondations. Ils ne sont donc que très faiblement lessivés. C’est un fait scientifique, réaffirmé par l’Institut national de la recherche agronomique, l’INRA, ainsi que j’ai pu le constater au cours des auditions.Il ne s’agit pas dire que les néonicotinoïdes sont sans danger mais, alors que j’entends dire depuis le début de l’examen du texte qu’ils nuisent à la biodiversité et qu’ils tuent les abeilles, je signale qu’il y en a cette année, ainsi que l’ensemble des pollinisateurs, beaucoup plus que d’habitude. Et ce n’est pas parce qu’on a arrêté les néonicotinoïdes mais parce que, durant la phase du confinement, l’activité humaine a été considérablement réduite. Il est beaucoup plus facile d’accuser 400 000 agriculteurs de tous les maux en matière de biodiversité et de dégâts environnementaux (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et LT) que de responsabiliser l’ensemble des habitants du pays, nous y compris, sur leur mode de vie qui est le principal responsable des atteintes à l’environnement. Quant au changement climatique, les agriculteurs en sont les principales victimes : [PERSONNE] connaît bien la sucrerie de Bourdon, et il sait que ce qui l’a tuée, ce n’est pas l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes ou la libéralisation, mais bien le fait que le changement climatique a provoqué l’arrêt de la culture de betteraves dans la plaine de Limagne. (Mêmes mouvements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211721",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211721"
   ],
   "order": 96,
   "text": "Je tiens avant tout à dire qu’à aucun moment dans ce débat, ni en 2015 ni en 2016, ni aujourd’hui, n’a été mise en cause la responsabilité des agriculteurs. Car c’est bien l’État qui décide de ce qui est autorisé ou non : c’est sa responsabilité et donc celle de la démocratie,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211721",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N98f11825bf10",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens avant tout à dire qu’à aucun moment dans ce débat, ni en 2015 ni en 2016, ni aujourd’hui, n’a été mise en cause la responsabilité des agriculteurs. Car c’est bien l’État qui décide de ce qui est autorisé ou non : c’est sa responsabilité et donc celle de la démocratie,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211723",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211723"
   ],
   "order": 98,
   "text": "…mais aussi celle des firmes qui ont mis sur le marché ces produits en toute connaissance de cause, instruites de leur toxicité et de leurs effets chroniques sur la mortalité des pollinisateurs. Ne transformons donc pas ce qui se dit dans les débats.Monsieur Dive, on ne se base pas ici sur des idées mais sur un texte car nous sommes à l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211723",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nae3434d1a8cf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…mais aussi celle des firmes qui ont mis sur le marché ces produits en toute connaissance de cause, instruites de leur toxicité et de leurs effets chroniques sur la mortalité des pollinisateurs. Ne transformons donc pas ce qui se dit dans les débats.Monsieur Dive, on ne se base pas ici sur des idées mais sur un texte car nous sommes à l’Assemblée nationale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211726",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211726"
   ],
   "order": 100,
   "text": "Et celui-ci modifie les dispositions de la loi de 2016, renforcées par la loi de 2018, pour supprimer le principe général d’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes et autoriser un gouvernement à prendre un décret qui permettra l’emploi de ces substances en France. Voilà ce dont nous discutons, point sur lequel, par votre vote, nous vous demandons de vous exprimer.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211726",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na9bbb93f9965",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Et celui-ci modifie les dispositions de la loi de 2016, renforcées par la loi de 2018, pour supprimer le principe général d’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes et autoriser un gouvernement à prendre un décret qui permettra l’emploi de ces substances en France. Voilà ce dont nous discutons, point sur lequel, par votre vote, nous vous demandons de vous exprimer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211730",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211730"
   ],
   "order": 103,
   "text": "Je comprends tout à fait qu’on puisse avoir des approches différentes, je comprends la volonté de sauver une filière pour des raisons économiques. Par contre, je pense que c’est une erreur très grave. J’ai bien écouté notre collègue Christian Jacob et je lui rappelle que le principe de précaution a été inscrit dans le bloc de constitutionnalité par une majorité qui était la sienne et qu’aujourd’hui, on revient sur plusieurs articles de dimension constitutionnelle qui relèvent de ce principe.Je suis encore plus gêné par l’utilisation d’arguments fallacieux. Prenons l’exemple des fameuses dérogations : chacun sait que les semis vont se faire de mi-mars à mi-avril, et peut-on dès lors imaginer qu’un exploitant doive attendre la fin de l’hiver pour savoir si celui-ci a été doux et a donc permis le développement des pucerons ou si, au contraire, il a été rude au point de ne pas avoir à utiliser ce type de produits ? Les exploitants achètent ou du moins évaluent leur achat de semences avant même l’hiver. Il ne s’agira donc pas de dérogations mais bien d’un usage généralisé parce qu’on ne pourra pas anticiper. Habiller les choses en parlant de « dérogations », c’est induire en erreur ! (M. Pierre Dharréville et M. Ugo Bernalicis applaudissent.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 208,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211730",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Neb8d9c12d575",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends tout à fait qu’on puisse avoir des approches différentes, je comprends la volonté de sauver une filière pour des raisons économiques. Par contre, je pense que c’est une erreur très grave. J’ai bien écouté notre collègue [PERSONNE] et je lui rappelle que le principe de précaution a été inscrit dans le bloc de constitutionnalité par une majorité qui était la sienne et qu’aujourd’hui, on revient sur plusieurs articles de dimension constitutionnelle qui relèvent de ce principe.Je suis encore plus gêné par l’utilisation d’arguments fallacieux. Prenons l’exemple des fameuses dérogations : chacun sait que les semis vont se faire de mi-mars à mi-avril, et peut-on dès lors imaginer qu’un exploitant doive attendre la fin de l’hiver pour savoir si celui-ci a été doux et a donc permis le développement des pucerons ou si, au contraire, il a été rude au point de ne pas avoir à utiliser ce type de produits ? Les exploitants achètent ou du moins évaluent leur achat de semences avant même l’hiver. Il ne s’agira donc pas de dérogations mais bien d’un usage généralisé parce qu’on ne pourra pas anticiper. Habiller les choses en parlant de « dérogations », c’est induire en erreur ! (M. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211736",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211736"
   ],
   "order": 108,
   "text": "Je vais répondre au député Potier avant d’en venir à l’intervention du président Chassaigne.Monsieur Potier, vous avez posé trois questions précises et, fidèle à mon souhait de mener les débats –⁠ n’en déplaise à certains–, je tiens à y répondre précisément. Votre première question porte sur la codécision avec le ministère des solidarités et de la santé. Je n’ai absolument aucun problème à ce sujet et je suis prêt à l’associer à la rédaction des arrêtés.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211736",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3891b66cdedc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais répondre au député Potier avant d’en venir à l’intervention du président Chassaigne.Monsieur Potier, vous avez posé trois questions précises et, fidèle à mon souhait de mener les débats –⁠ n’en déplaise à certains–, je tiens à y répondre précisément. Votre première question porte sur la codécision avec le ministère des solidarités et de la santé. Je n’ai absolument aucun problème à ce sujet et je suis prêt à l’associer à la rédaction des arrêtés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211739",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211739"
   ],
   "order": 110,
   "text": "J’en veux pour preuve ce projet de loi : le Conseil d’État lui-même indiquait que nous n’avions pas à solliciter le Conseil national de la transition écologique, le CNTE, mais nous l’avons fait, de même que bien qu’il ait estimé que les arrêtés pouvaient relever du seul ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, j’ai souhaité que cette compétence soit étendue, y compris dans ce texte, au ministère de la transition écologique. Quant à l’avis de l’ANSES, le dernier en ce domaine date de 2018 et analysait les solutions alternatives, et celui que le Gouvernement a demandé et qui nous sera remis au début de 2021 l’actualisera en examinant l’impact des deux solutions chimiques qui n’existaient pas il y a deux ans, à savoir le Movento et le Teppeki –⁠ mais je crois que tous ceux qui, comme vous et moi, se sont rendus sur des parcelles de betteraves ont pu voir à quel point ils ne marchaient pas. Un autre avis de l’ANSES, attendu avant fin novembre, déterminera les clauses de gestion, c’est-à-dire très concrètement, substance par substance et en fonction de la spécificité des sols, le degré de rémanence et donc les alternances culturales qui devraient s’ensuivre. Enfin, s’agissant de la réforme de l’AESA, elle a été décidée en 2018, il reste à la mettre en œuvre.Monsieur le président Chassaigne, je regrette de n’être absolument pas en accord avec vous car je connais votre attachement à ces territoires, mais la question n’est pas celle du principe de précaution. Encore une fois, il ne s’agit en aucun cas d’opposer l’écologie à l’économie. La seule question qui prévaut, ici, c’est celle de la souveraineté : il s’agit de savoir s’il est possible de mener à bien la transition écologique en sauvant la filière betteravière, sachant que celle-ci peut s’écrouler et disparaître dans les deux ans à venir. Quant aux décisions agronomiques en matière de semis, deux étapes sont importantes : la première se joue maintenant parce que l’assolement, c’est-à-dire la décision de planter ou non de la betterave, se détermine en ce moment –⁠ on est même un peu en retard –, et je peux vous dire que beaucoup d’agriculteurs nous regardent ce soir pour le savoir ; la seconde, ce sera la publication des arrêtés autorisant les mises sur le marché des produits d’ici à la fin de l’année. Nous nous fondons sur un faisceau d’indices –⁠ température, déplacements des populations de pucerons… –, auquel travaillent les instituts de recherche, notamment l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, l’INRAE, pour savoir s’il est ainsi possible d’avoir la certitude qu’il n’y aura pas de pucerons ou si l’on peut déterminer un risque plus ou moins élevé.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 447,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211739",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb4424bf8ebd8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’en veux pour preuve ce projet de loi : le Conseil d’État lui-même indiquait que nous n’avions pas à solliciter le Conseil national de la transition écologique, le CNTE, mais nous l’avons fait, de même que bien qu’il ait estimé que les arrêtés pouvaient relever du seul ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, j’ai souhaité que cette compétence soit étendue, y compris dans ce texte, au ministère de la transition écologique. Quant à l’avis de l’ANSES, le dernier en ce domaine date de 2018 et analysait les solutions alternatives, et celui que le Gouvernement a demandé et qui nous sera remis au début de 2021 l’actualisera en examinant l’impact des deux solutions chimiques qui n’existaient pas il y a deux ans, à savoir le Movento et le Teppeki –⁠ mais je crois que tous ceux qui, comme vous et moi, se sont rendus sur des parcelles de betteraves ont pu voir à quel point ils ne marchaient pas. Un autre avis de l’ANSES, attendu avant fin novembre, déterminera les clauses de gestion, c’est-à-dire très concrètement, substance par substance et en fonction de la spécificité des sols, le degré de rémanence et donc les alternances culturales qui devraient s’ensuivre. Enfin, s’agissant de la réforme de l’AESA, elle a été décidée en 2018, il reste à la mettre en œuvre.Monsieur le président Chassaigne, je regrette de n’être absolument pas en accord avec vous car je connais votre attachement à ces territoires, mais la question n’est pas celle du principe de précaution. Encore une fois, il ne s’agit en aucun cas d’opposer l’écologie à l’économie. La seule question qui prévaut, ici, c’est celle de la souveraineté : il s’agit de savoir s’il est possible de mener à bien la transition écologique en sauvant la filière betteravière, sachant que celle-ci peut s’écrouler et disparaître dans les deux ans à venir. Quant aux décisions agronomiques en matière de semis, deux étapes sont importantes : la première se joue maintenant parce que l’assolement, c’est-à-dire la décision de planter ou non de la betterave, se détermine en ce moment –⁠ on est même un peu en retard –, et je peux vous dire que beaucoup d’agriculteurs nous regardent ce soir pour le savoir ; la seconde, ce sera la publication des arrêtés autorisant les mises sur le marché des produits d’ici à la fin de l’année. Nous nous fondons sur un faisceau d’indices –⁠ température, déplacements des populations de pucerons… –, auquel travaillent les instituts de recherche, notamment l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, l’INRAE, pour savoir s’il est ainsi possible d’avoir la certitude qu’il n’y aura pas de pucerons ou si l’on peut déterminer un risque plus ou moins élevé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211743",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211743"
   ],
   "order": 115,
   "text": "Il s’agit encore de plaider contre ce régime dérogatoire, et après avoir utilisé l’argument écologique, passons à l’argument européen : on sait bien à quel point la construction de l’Europe est essentielle pour résoudre les enjeux non seulement écologiques mais aussi sociaux, c’est-à-dire tous les grands enjeux de notre temps, et aussi combien l’Europe a besoin d’être tirée par les États membres car elle est en fait ce que ceux-ci en font. Et la position de la France est des plus importantes à cet égard. Ainsi, quand elle votait l’interdiction des néonicotidoïnes, il était dans sa position historique, celle de tirer l’Europe vers le haut en lui montrant la bonne voie, de même quand, ces dernières années, elle appuyait la demande de l’AESA de se doter d’un nouveau règlement plus exigeant, là où d’autres États tergiversaient au point de faire capoter l’affaire, un scandale.Mais, à cause de ce régime dérogatoire demandé par la France, ce n’est plus du tout le cas : nous retournons au nivellement vers le bas, au point d’inquiéter la Commission européenne puisque, il y a quatre jours, Klaus Berend, le chef de l’unité pesticides et biocides de la direction générale de la santé et de la sécurité alimentaire de la Commission, constatant la multiplication des autorisations d’urgence et se demandant si elles étaient justifiées, a annoncé que les mêmes mesures que l’an dernier pour la Lituanie et pour la Roumanie pourraient être prises, à savoir l’interdiction par la Commission de la reconduction de telles décisions d’urgence. Il a considéré comme vraiment problématique le nombre d’autorisations d’urgence pour les néonicotinoïdes, en particulier pour la betterave à sucre, reste très élevé.Chers collègues, c’est un Européen convaincu qui vous le dit : nous étions ces dernières années en pointe, en la matière, pour tirer l’Europe vers le haut ; or nous sommes ici en train d’abdiquer. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes FI et EDS. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 324,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211743",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd4c27a98ea9a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit encore de plaider contre ce régime dérogatoire, et après avoir utilisé l’argument écologique, passons à l’argument européen : on sait bien à quel point la construction de l’Europe est essentielle pour résoudre les enjeux non seulement écologiques mais aussi sociaux, c’est-à-dire tous les grands enjeux de notre temps, et aussi combien l’Europe a besoin d’être tirée par les États membres car elle est en fait ce que ceux-ci en font. Et la position de la France est des plus importantes à cet égard. Ainsi, quand elle votait l’interdiction des néonicotidoïnes, il était dans sa position historique, celle de tirer l’Europe vers le haut en lui montrant la bonne voie, de même quand, ces dernières années, elle appuyait la demande de l’AESA de se doter d’un nouveau règlement plus exigeant, là où d’autres États tergiversaient au point de faire capoter l’affaire, un scandale.Mais, à cause de ce régime dérogatoire demandé par la France, ce n’est plus du tout le cas : nous retournons au nivellement vers le bas, au point d’inquiéter la Commission européenne puisque, il y a quatre jours, Klaus Berend, le chef de l’unité pesticides et biocides de la direction générale de la santé et de la sécurité alimentaire de la Commission, constatant la multiplication des autorisations d’urgence et se demandant si elles étaient justifiées, a annoncé que les mêmes mesures que l’an dernier pour la Lituanie et pour la Roumanie pourraient être prises, à savoir l’interdiction par la Commission de la reconduction de telles décisions d’urgence. Il a considéré comme vraiment problématique le nombre d’autorisations d’urgence pour les néonicotinoïdes, en particulier pour la betterave à sucre, reste très élevé.Chers collègues, c’est un Européen convaincu qui vous le dit : nous étions ces dernières années en pointe, en la matière, pour tirer l’Europe vers le haut ; or nous sommes ici en train d’abdiquer. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes FI et EDS. – Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211746",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211746"
   ],
   "order": 117,
   "text": "Cher collègue Villani, je sais que c’est votre anniversaire aujourd’hui mais, malheureusement, l’avis sera tout de même défavorable. Vous avez reçu la médaille Fields mais je crois que les perspectives de recevoir celle du Mérite agricole s’éloignent de plus en plus pour vous.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 43,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211746",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0898b21370c3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cher collègue Villani, je sais que c’est votre anniversaire aujourd’hui mais, malheureusement, l’avis sera tout de même défavorable. Vous avez reçu la médaille Fields mais je crois que les perspectives de recevoir celle du Mérite agricole s’éloignent de plus en plus pour vous."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211842",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211842"
   ],
   "order": 119,
   "text": "Ce texte, je tiens à le rappeler, n’a qu’un seul objectif : celui de concilier la transition agroécologique, la sauvegarde d’une filière, le maintien du monde agricole sur des territoires fragiles et la sortie définitive des néonicotinoïdes dans un temps très court. Dès lors, il est vrai que les décisions les plus utiles ne sont pas forcément les plus faciles à prendre.Vous nous parlez d’Europe. Je vais, pour ma part, vous parlez d’impasses techniques. Elles sont clairement là et les autres pays européens ne nous attendent pas. Il s’agit soit d’accompagner la filière française, soit d’importer du sucre d’autres pays européens qui, eux, ne respectent vraiment aucune norme, même les plus légères.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211842",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na7ef9c714dc9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte, je tiens à le rappeler, n’a qu’un seul objectif : celui de concilier la transition agroécologique, la sauvegarde d’une filière, le maintien du monde agricole sur des territoires fragiles et la sortie définitive des néonicotinoïdes dans un temps très court. Dès lors, il est vrai que les décisions les plus utiles ne sont pas forcément les plus faciles à prendre.Vous nous parlez d’Europe. Je vais, pour ma part, vous parlez d’impasses techniques. Elles sont clairement là et les autres pays européens ne nous attendent pas. Il s’agit soit d’accompagner la filière française, soit d’importer du sucre d’autres pays européens qui, eux, ne respectent vraiment aucune norme, même les plus légères."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA609726",
   "speaker": "Julien Aubert",
   "quality": "M. Julien Aubert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211751",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211751"
   ],
   "order": 123,
   "text": "Je ne reviendrai pas sur les arguments sur la filière betterave que le président Jacob a fort bien exposés. Si l’on met de côté les plantes mellifères, il n’y a en effet pas d’enjeu s’agissant des néonicotinoïdes. Je note une certaine confusion, certains de nos collègues affirmant que nous avons interdit les néonicotinoïdes, mais, honorable collègue Villani –⁠ dont c’est l’anniversaire –, vous qui aimez les animaux, au point d’ailleurs d’avoir rapporté un texte de loi sur le sujet, vous devriez savoir que les colliers anti-puces pour chiens sont des repaires de néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211751",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0b3a1aafaaf1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne reviendrai pas sur les arguments sur la filière betterave que le président Jacob a fort bien exposés. Si l’on met de côté les plantes mellifères, il n’y a en effet pas d’enjeu s’agissant des néonicotinoïdes. Je note une certaine confusion, certains de nos collègues affirmant que nous avons interdit les néonicotinoïdes, mais, honorable collègue Villani –⁠ dont c’est l’anniversaire –, vous qui aimez les animaux, au point d’ailleurs d’avoir rapporté un texte de loi sur le sujet, vous devriez savoir que les colliers anti-puces pour chiens sont des repaires de néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA609726",
   "speaker": "Julien Aubert",
   "quality": "M. Julien Aubert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211753",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211753"
   ],
   "order": 125,
   "text": "Je vous conseille de commencer par ceux-ci, l’impact économique étant moins fort, d’autant plus que nombre de Français font dormir leur animal domestique dans leur lit sans avoir lu la notice de ces colliers… Et tout cela est autorisé par l’ANSES. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LR. – Mme’ Laure de La Raudière applaudit également.) Je crois, à un moment donné, qu’il faudrait arrêter l’hypocrisie consistant à dire qu’il n’y a que la filière betterave qui serait un problème. Il est certain que si on la laisse mourir, il n’y aura plus de transition agroécologique puisqu’il n’y aura plus d’agriculture. (Applaudissements sur de nombreux bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 109,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211753",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfdbf408d3ee3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous conseille de commencer par ceux-ci, l’impact économique étant moins fort, d’autant plus que nombre de Français font dormir leur animal domestique dans leur lit sans avoir lu la notice de ces colliers… Et tout cela est autorisé par l’ANSES. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – Mme’ [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Je crois, à un moment donné, qu’il faudrait arrêter l’hypocrisie consistant à dire qu’il n’y a que la filière betterave qui serait un problème. Il est certain que si on la laisse mourir, il n’y aura plus de transition agroécologique puisqu’il n’y aura plus d’agriculture. (Applaudissements sur de nombreux bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211755",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211755"
   ],
   "order": 127,
   "text": "Je rappelle à notre collègue Julien Aubert que, dès jeudi, il pourra voter un amendement visant à interdire les néonicotinoïdes dans le cadre de l’examen de notre proposition de loi sur le bien-être animal. Car nous étendons leur interdiction au domaine vétérinaire. Voyez, nous sommes d’accord. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)Je tiens ensuite à souligner que nous sommes tous d’accord sur le fait que la filière française de la betterave subit aujourd’hui une concurrence déloyale. En effet, à la suite de la loi française interdisant les néonicotinoïdes, les trois principaux produits l’ont été à l’échelle européenne, à savoir l’imidoclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine, et que les mêmes États qui étaient contre l’interdiction ont alors utilisé l’article 53 du règlement n° 1107/2009 pour la contourner, ce qui fait l’objet d’un rapport de la Cour des comptes européenne et des prises de position que Cédric Villani, dont c’est l’anniversaire, vient de rappeler.Si nous voulons lutter contre cette concurrence déloyale, la France doit agir au niveau européen. Mais la régression qui consiste à autoriser sur notre sol les trois néonicotinoïdes les plus nocifs, ceux qui sont interdits en Europe, n’est pas le chemin à suivre.Je veux vous interroger, monsieur le ministre, sur la situation de l’Allemagne : à ma connaissance, cette dernière a certes sollicité des dérogations, mais pas en enrobage de semences, et pas concernant l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame, ni la chlotianidine –⁠ des produits interdits dans l’Union européenne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211755",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8c38b4eca032",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle à notre collègue [PERSONNE] que, dès jeudi, il pourra voter un amendement visant à interdire les néonicotinoïdes dans le cadre de l’examen de notre proposition de loi sur le bien-être animal. Car nous étendons leur interdiction au domaine vétérinaire. Voyez, nous sommes d’accord. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)Je tiens ensuite à souligner que nous sommes tous d’accord sur le fait que la filière française de la betterave subit aujourd’hui une concurrence déloyale. En effet, à la suite de la loi française interdisant les néonicotinoïdes, les trois principaux produits l’ont été à l’échelle européenne, à savoir l’imidoclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine, et que les mêmes États qui étaient contre l’interdiction ont alors utilisé l’article 53 du règlement n° 1107/2009 pour la contourner, ce qui fait l’objet d’un rapport de la Cour des comptes européenne et des prises de position que [PERSONNE], dont c’est l’anniversaire, vient de rappeler.Si nous voulons lutter contre cette concurrence déloyale, la France doit agir au niveau européen. Mais la régression qui consiste à autoriser sur notre sol les trois néonicotinoïdes les plus nocifs, ceux qui sont interdits en Europe, n’est pas le chemin à suivre.Je veux vous interroger, monsieur le ministre, sur la situation de l’Allemagne : à ma connaissance, cette dernière a certes sollicité des dérogations, mais pas en enrobage de semences, et pas concernant l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame, ni la chlotianidine –⁠ des produits interdits dans l’Union européenne. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211853",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211853"
   ],
   "order": 131,
   "text": "Je souhaite prolonger le fil des arguments avancés précédemment. On a rétorqué au président Chassaigne que, sur certains plateaux où, par le passé, on cultivait uniquement de la betterave, elle ne pousse désormais plus du tout à cause du changement climatique : il n’est même pas question de pucerons verts ou de néonicotinoïdes, c’est râpé, tout simplement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211853",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6e620d155a42",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite prolonger le fil des arguments avancés précédemment. On a rétorqué au président Chassaigne que, sur certains plateaux où, par le passé, on cultivait uniquement de la betterave, elle ne pousse désormais plus du tout à cause du changement climatique : il n’est même pas question de pucerons verts ou de néonicotinoïdes, c’est râpé, tout simplement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211857",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211857"
   ],
   "order": 135,
   "text": "…expliquait qu’il fallait mieux diversifier notre agriculture. C’est vrai : lorsque les parcelles sont plus petites et plus diversifiées, les pucerons progressent moins et on évite que des hectares entiers soient dévastés.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211857",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na6c3bcb11294",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…expliquait qu’il fallait mieux diversifier notre agriculture. C’est vrai : lorsque les parcelles sont plus petites et plus diversifiées, les pucerons progressent moins et on évite que des hectares entiers soient dévastés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211861",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211861"
   ],
   "order": 139,
   "text": "Chacun voit bien, d’ailleurs, que les néonicotinoïdes ont conduit à un appauvrissement des sols tel qu’à l’échelle de la planète, on n’utilise plus que sept ou huit plantes pour nourrir l’humanité entière ! Or on serait capables de cultiver d’autres produits !Que me disent les agriculteurs que j’ai rencontrés la semaine dernière, notamment ceux de la FDSEA, la Fédération départementale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles –⁠ avec lesquels, c’est vrai, je ne suis pas forcément tombé d’accord ? Que j’étais bien gentil,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211861",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncb27a2ecf3a5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chacun voit bien, d’ailleurs, que les néonicotinoïdes ont conduit à un appauvrissement des sols tel qu’à l’échelle de la planète, on n’utilise plus que sept ou huit plantes pour nourrir l’humanité entière ! Or on serait capables de cultiver d’autres produits !Que me disent les agriculteurs que j’ai rencontrés la semaine dernière, notamment ceux de la FDSEA, la Fédération départementale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles –⁠ avec lesquels, c’est vrai, je ne suis pas forcément tombé d’accord ? Que j’étais bien gentil,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211864",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211864"
   ],
   "order": 141,
   "text": "…mais qu’ils ne pouvaient pas cultiver d’autres produits, non rentables, qui ne leur permettent pas de vendre à des prix rémunérateurs. Pourquoi les prix ne sont-ils pas rémunérateurs ? Parce qu’il n’y a pas de prix plancher ! Parce que c’est la concurrence libre et non faussée qui s’applique ! Parce que c’est le libre-échange qui prévaut ! (Mme Mathilde Panot applaudit.) Parce que c’est votre modèle…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211864",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N95f1c91e6e4b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…mais qu’ils ne pouvaient pas cultiver d’autres produits, non rentables, qui ne leur permettent pas de vendre à des prix rémunérateurs. Pourquoi les prix ne sont-ils pas rémunérateurs ? Parce qu’il n’y a pas de prix plancher ! Parce que c’est la concurrence libre et non faussée qui s’applique ! Parce que c’est le libre-échange qui prévaut ! (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Parce que c’est votre modèle…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211868",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211868"
   ],
   "order": 145,
   "text": "Instaurez du protectionnisme aux frontières de l’Europe (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et LR), fixez des prix plancher, réglementez les marges de la grande distribution et des intermédiaires, et vous verrez que nous ne discuterons même plus des néonicotinoïdes, car nous n’en aurons plus besoin ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211868",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8ce1160c4832",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Instaurez du protectionnisme aux frontières de l’Europe (Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE]), fixez des prix plancher, réglementez les marges de la grande distribution et des intermédiaires, et vous verrez que nous ne discuterons même plus des néonicotinoïdes, car nous n’en aurons plus besoin ! (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211873",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211873"
   ],
   "order": 150,
   "text": "Je vais tenter d’accomplir cet exploit, monsieur le président. (Sourires.) Simplement, pour conclure : a-t-on des nouvelles de Barbara Pompili ? (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211873",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N24ca918e94fe",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais tenter d’accomplir cet exploit, monsieur le président. (Sourires.) Simplement, pour conclure : a-t-on des nouvelles de [PERSONNE] ? (Sourires sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Protestations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332614",
   "speaker": "Régis Juanico",
   "quality": "M. Régis Juanico",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211876",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211876"
   ],
   "order": 152,
   "text": "Comme le soulignait fort bien Dominique Potier, il n’y a qu’une seule santé pour la Terre, qu’elle soit environnementale ou humaine, il n’y a qu’une seule santé pour tous. Les néonicotinoïdes sont dévastateurs pour l’environnement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 35,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211876",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7741f6e40e94",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme le soulignait fort bien [PERSONNE], il n’y a qu’une seule santé pour la Terre, qu’elle soit environnementale ou humaine, il n’y a qu’une seule santé pour tous. Les néonicotinoïdes sont dévastateurs pour l’environnement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332614",
   "speaker": "Régis Juanico",
   "quality": "M. Régis Juanico",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211878",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211878"
   ],
   "order": 154,
   "text": "Ce sont des substances hautement toxiques, persistantes, qui tuent à très faibles doses les abeilles, ces pollinisateurs sauvages dont dépendent notre agriculture et notre alimentation. Les néonicotinoïdes sont responsables, en France, de l’effondrement de 80 % de la population d’insectes et d’un tiers des oiseaux des champs en quelques années.Nous avons voté en 2016 la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, qui interdisait les néonicotinoïdes à compter du 1er septembre 2018. Je rappelle que cette loi a été promulguée après deux ans et demi de débats parlementaires. Je me souviens d’avoir voté ici, dans la nuit du 22 au 23 juin 2016, un amendement visant à réintroduire l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes qui avait été supprimée par le Sénat et qui fut adopté par trente-six voix contre trente et une. Certes, le combat fut difficile. Mais prétendre qu’aucun plan d’accompagnement n’a été prévu à l’époque, c’est une erreur. C’est un mensonge.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 156,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211878",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf4e9355d0d81",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce sont des substances hautement toxiques, persistantes, qui tuent à très faibles doses les abeilles, ces pollinisateurs sauvages dont dépendent notre agriculture et notre alimentation. Les néonicotinoïdes sont responsables, en France, de l’effondrement de 80 % de la population d’insectes et d’un tiers des oiseaux des champs en quelques années.Nous avons voté en 2016 la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, qui interdisait les néonicotinoïdes à compter du 1er septembre 2018. Je rappelle que cette loi a été promulguée après deux ans et demi de débats parlementaires. Je me souviens d’avoir voté ici, dans la nuit du 22 au 23 juin 2016, un amendement visant à réintroduire l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes qui avait été supprimée par le Sénat et qui fut adopté par trente-six voix contre trente et une. Certes, le combat fut difficile. Mais prétendre qu’aucun plan d’accompagnement n’a été prévu à l’époque, c’est une erreur. C’est un mensonge."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332614",
   "speaker": "Régis Juanico",
   "quality": "M. Régis Juanico",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211881",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211881"
   ],
   "order": 156,
   "text": "Une période de transition de deux ans était prévue, jusqu’en juillet 2020, pour laisser au monde agricole les possibilités de s’adapter et de continuer à utiliser certains produits en l’absence de solutions alternatives. On pourrait vous demander, monsieur le ministre, ce que vous avez fait depuis trois ans ! Le comité de suivi, ce n’est pas maintenant qu’il fallait le créer : c’était dans la foulée de l’entrée en vigueur de la loi de 2016 ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – M. Dominique Potier applaudit également.)Ce que vous voulez faire, sous la pression des lobbies et de l’agrochimie, c’est plus qu’un reniement : c’est un précédent. Il suffira désormais d’invoquer une difficulté économique dans un secteur (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et LR) pour justifier le retour des néonicotinoïdes par simple arrêté ministériel et donc pour ouvrir la voie à d’autres dérogations d’ici à juillet 2023, notamment pour le maïs.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 156,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211881",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncc30513405f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une période de transition de deux ans était prévue, jusqu’en juillet 2020, pour laisser au monde agricole les possibilités de s’adapter et de continuer à utiliser certains produits en l’absence de solutions alternatives. On pourrait vous demander, monsieur le ministre, ce que vous avez fait depuis trois ans ! Le comité de suivi, ce n’est pas maintenant qu’il fallait le créer : c’était dans la foulée de l’entrée en vigueur de la loi de 2016 ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Ce que vous voulez faire, sous la pression des lobbies et de l’agrochimie, c’est plus qu’un reniement : c’est un précédent. Il suffira désormais d’invoquer une difficulté économique dans un secteur (Protestations sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE]) pour justifier le retour des néonicotinoïdes par simple arrêté ministériel et donc pour ouvrir la voie à d’autres dérogations d’ici à juillet 2023, notamment pour le maïs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332614",
   "speaker": "Régis Juanico",
   "quality": "M. Régis Juanico",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211884",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211884"
   ],
   "order": 158,
   "text": "Il n’est plus temps de procrastiner. Cet amendement vise donc à supprimer l’alinéa 4 de l’article 1er. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – M. Cédric Villani applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211884",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4359986c10d5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’est plus temps de procrastiner. Cet amendement vise donc à supprimer l’alinéa 4 de l’article 1er. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211886",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211886"
   ],
   "order": 160,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement de notre collègue Delphine Batho.Il faut distinguer entre le contenu du texte que nous allons voter aujourd’hui, celui qui sera promulgué et celui qui sera peut-être soumis au Conseil constitutionnel ou à d’autres juridictions. Que nous disent les juristes du droit de l’environnement et certains spécialistes pour éclairer nos débats ? Premièrement, que ce texte constitue une régression du droit environnemental et que le Conseil constitutionnel en sera sûrement saisi, sur ce motif.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 77,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211886",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc9ee624db0a8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement de notre collègue [PERSONNE].Il faut distinguer entre le contenu du texte que nous allons voter aujourd’hui, celui qui sera promulgué et celui qui sera peut-être soumis au Conseil constitutionnel ou à d’autres juridictions. Que nous disent les juristes du droit de l’environnement et certains spécialistes pour éclairer nos débats ? Premièrement, que ce texte constitue une régression du droit environnemental et que le Conseil constitutionnel en sera sûrement saisi, sur ce motif."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211889",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211889"
   ],
   "order": 162,
   "text": "Nous verrons comment il se prononcera, mais il paraît tout à fait probable que ce texte ne soit en réalité jamais appliqué car il aura été censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel.Deuxièmement, vous nous enjoignez depuis tout à l’heure de ne pas remettre en doute votre parole et vous assurez que la dérogation ne concernera que la betterave. Je crois que vous êtes peut-être de bonne foi en disant cela. (« Ah ! »sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211889",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5f1346c107c1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous verrons comment il se prononcera, mais il paraît tout à fait probable que ce texte ne soit en réalité jamais appliqué car il aura été censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel.Deuxièmement, vous nous enjoignez depuis tout à l’heure de ne pas remettre en doute votre parole et vous assurez que la dérogation ne concernera que la betterave. Je crois que vous êtes peut-être de bonne foi en disant cela. (« Ah ! »sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211892",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211892"
   ],
   "order": 164,
   "text": "Ne sous-estimez pas, cependant, les risques que la rédaction retenue pour l’article 2 fera peser sur l’ensemble des interdictions de néonicotinoïdes. Là encore, les spécialistes du droit de l’environnement rappellent –⁠ cela n’a été que très peu évoqué, même si notre collègue Jean-Charles Colas-Roy l’a fait tout à l’heure – que des recours sont en cours devant le Conseil d’État. Ils ont été déposés par les fabricants des produits concernés, qui s’engouffreront dans la brèche que nous allons ouvrir demain, pour casser et mettre à mal l’ensemble les interdictions existantes, en demandant des dérogations pour d’autres types de culture, comme on en introduit aujourd’hui une pour les betteraves. Ce n’est pas moi qui le dis ! Lisez les spécialistes du droit de l’environnement : en voulant bien faire, vous risquez malheureusement de casser complètement le dispositif. Je sais que nous sommes souvent persuadés, les uns et les autres, de la véracité de nos arguments.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 154,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211892",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N559c74dcf4f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ne sous-estimez pas, cependant, les risques que la rédaction retenue pour l’article 2 fera peser sur l’ensemble des interdictions de néonicotinoïdes. Là encore, les spécialistes du droit de l’environnement rappellent –⁠ cela n’a été que très peu évoqué, même si notre collègue [PERSONNE] l’a fait tout à l’heure – que des recours sont en cours devant le Conseil d’État. Ils ont été déposés par les fabricants des produits concernés, qui s’engouffreront dans la brèche que nous allons ouvrir demain, pour casser et mettre à mal l’ensemble les interdictions existantes, en demandant des dérogations pour d’autres types de culture, comme on en introduit aujourd’hui une pour les betteraves. Ce n’est pas moi qui le dis ! Lisez les spécialistes du droit de l’environnement : en voulant bien faire, vous risquez malheureusement de casser complètement le dispositif. Je sais que nous sommes souvent persuadés, les uns et les autres, de la véracité de nos arguments."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211896"
   ],
   "order": 168,
   "text": "Il est défavorable.Je souhaite répondre plus précisément sur les propositions avancées par M. Bernalicis. Oui, les solutions de biocontrôle sont peut-être pertinentes. Oui, les réductions de parcelles sont peut-être l’avenir. Oui, les haies sont peut-être le futur.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211896",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfc9cf4fc68bb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est défavorable.Je souhaite répondre plus précisément sur les propositions avancées par M. Bernalicis. Oui, les solutions de biocontrôle sont peut-être pertinentes. Oui, les réductions de parcelles sont peut-être l’avenir. Oui, les haies sont peut-être le futur."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211899",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211899"
   ],
   "order": 170,
   "text": "Oui, les bandes enherbées plantées sur une parcelle déjà constituée ou le bio –⁠ qui ne représente que 0,4 % de la surface betteravière française – peuvent constituer de bonnes décisions. Peut-être est-ce là que se trouve la solution.Mais je rappelle que les solutions que vous proposez n’ont jamais été testées. Si nous sommes réunis ce soir, c’est précisément pour vérifier qu’elles fonctionnent. Le conseil de surveillance, dont le principe a été validé en commission, aura les pieds dans la boue, pour reprendre vos termes : il se déplacera. Il n’assurera pas seulement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle de ces solutions.Vous avez raison quand vous dites que nous devons tester ces solutions, mais vous avez tort quand vous oubliez qu’elles n’ont jamais été testées. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 127,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211899",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb01e88feecd0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, les bandes enherbées plantées sur une parcelle déjà constituée ou le bio –⁠ qui ne représente que 0,4 % de la surface betteravière française – peuvent constituer de bonnes décisions. Peut-être est-ce là que se trouve la solution.Mais je rappelle que les solutions que vous proposez n’ont jamais été testées. Si nous sommes réunis ce soir, c’est précisément pour vérifier qu’elles fonctionnent. Le conseil de surveillance, dont le principe a été validé en commission, aura les pieds dans la boue, pour reprendre vos termes : il se déplacera. Il n’assurera pas seulement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle de ces solutions.Vous avez raison quand vous dites que nous devons tester ces solutions, mais vous avez tort quand vous oubliez qu’elles n’ont jamais été testées. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211903",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211903"
   ],
   "order": 172,
   "text": "Il est défavorable.Madame Batho, la description que vous faites de la situation allemande est juste, à ceci près que les Allemands appliquent leurs produits par pulvérisation –⁠ ce qui renvoie au débat sur la pertinence de cette technique. Pour le trancher, il faut, me semble-t-il, nous mettre à la place de nos amis paysans. Quand un agriculteur constate un début d’invasion de pucerons dans son champ, que fait-il ? S’il pulvérise un produit, il ne se limitera en aucun cas aux seules plantes infestées : il va de soi qu’en voyant les pucerons arriver, il pulvérisera ses plants de façon beaucoup plus étendue. Si, sur le papier, la comparaison entre pulvérisation et semences enrobées peut faire débat, la réalité des faits est tout autre. (Mme Mathilde Panot proteste.)Madame Panot, je ne vous ai pas interrompue. (Mme. Mathilde Panot continue de protester et demande la parole.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 145,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211903",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na3b5f6e8461c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est défavorable.Madame Batho, la description que vous faites de la situation allemande est juste, à ceci près que les Allemands appliquent leurs produits par pulvérisation –⁠ ce qui renvoie au débat sur la pertinence de cette technique. Pour le trancher, il faut, me semble-t-il, nous mettre à la place de nos amis paysans. Quand un agriculteur constate un début d’invasion de pucerons dans son champ, que fait-il ? S’il pulvérise un produit, il ne se limitera en aucun cas aux seules plantes infestées : il va de soi qu’en voyant les pucerons arriver, il pulvérisera ses plants de façon beaucoup plus étendue. Si, sur le papier, la comparaison entre pulvérisation et semences enrobées peut faire débat, la réalité des faits est tout autre. (Mme [PERSONNE] proteste.)Madame Panot, je ne vous ai pas interrompue. (Mme. [PERSONNE] continue de protester et demande la parole.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211908",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211908"
   ],
   "order": 177,
   "text": "Monsieur Bernalicis, vous formulez des recommandations concernant les petites parcelles. Le rapporteur a évoqué ce point. D’abord, vous assénez comme une vérité que la solution résiderait dans les petites parcelles. En réalité, les chercheurs en agronomie estiment qu’elles font partie des éléments à étudier, comme d’autres solutions évoquées par divers intervenants.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211908",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd28a4f239503",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Bernalicis, vous formulez des recommandations concernant les petites parcelles. Le rapporteur a évoqué ce point. D’abord, vous assénez comme une vérité que la solution résiderait dans les petites parcelles. En réalité, les chercheurs en agronomie estiment qu’elles font partie des éléments à étudier, comme d’autres solutions évoquées par divers intervenants."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211910",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211910"
   ],
   "order": 179,
   "text": "À titre d’exemple, un exemple qui n’est pas neutre, les ingénieurs agronomes débattent du fait de savoir si les petites parcelles de quatre hectares doivent être carrées ou si elles doivent plutôt prendre la forme d’une longue bande étroite. Je vous mets au défi, si vous étiez un agriculteur confronté à une telle incertitude, de savoir ce que vous devriez faire. Voilà la réalité du terrain.Ensuite, j’estime –⁠ et, encore une fois, je salue la cohérence de votre groupe sur cette question – qu’il n’est pas une civilisation au monde qui ne se soit appuyée sur une agriculture forte. Cela n’existe pas. Or je veux une France forte, c’est-à-dire une France avec une agriculture forte.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211910",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N823f9e454ee6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "À titre d’exemple, un exemple qui n’est pas neutre, les ingénieurs agronomes débattent du fait de savoir si les petites parcelles de quatre hectares doivent être carrées ou si elles doivent plutôt prendre la forme d’une longue bande étroite. Je vous mets au défi, si vous étiez un agriculteur confronté à une telle incertitude, de savoir ce que vous devriez faire. Voilà la réalité du terrain.Ensuite, j’estime –⁠ et, encore une fois, je salue la cohérence de votre groupe sur cette question – qu’il n’est pas une civilisation au monde qui ne se soit appuyée sur une agriculture forte. Cela n’existe pas. Or je veux une France forte, c’est-à-dire une France avec une agriculture forte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211999",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211999"
   ],
   "order": 181,
   "text": "Et une agriculture forte, que vous le vouliez ou non, c’est une agriculture qui exporte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et Agir ens.) C’est là, peut-être, l’immense différence entre nous.Vous renvoyez à la question des traités de libre-échange et du commerce. J’espère bien que, si les propositions que vous avancez étaient adoptées et suivies d’effet, l’ouverture des frontières serait maintenue, car ce que vous proposez n’est ni plus moins que l’importation, d’ici à deux ans, du sucre polonais, belge ou allemand. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 91,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211999",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6cf2366937a3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Et une agriculture forte, que vous le vouliez ou non, c’est une agriculture qui exporte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et Agir ens.) C’est là, peut-être, l’immense différence entre nous.Vous renvoyez à la question des traités de libre-échange et du commerce. J’espère bien que, si les propositions que vous avancez étaient adoptées et suivies d’effet, l’ouverture des frontières serait maintenue, car ce que vous proposez n’est ni plus moins que l’importation, d’ici à deux ans, du sucre polonais, belge ou allemand. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211914",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211914"
   ],
   "order": 183,
   "text": "J’espère donc vivement que le marché commun continuera à exister, sans quoi nous aurons un très gros problème.Monsieur Orphelin, il ne s’agit pas, au fond –⁠ je le répète très calmement –, d’opposer les députés les uns aux autres au sujet des néonicotinoïdes. La question est de savoir si nous souhaitons que la filière de la betterave s’engage dans la transition. Chacun ici s’accorde à considérer que c’est nécessaire –⁠ sauf que, comme nous essayons de vous le faire comprendre de façon très apaisée, engager une transition avec une filière qui meurt revient à ne pas faire de transition.Par ailleurs, si vous voulez dresser un bilan écologique –⁠ et je connais votre honnêteté intellectuelle –, deux éléments doivent être pris en considération. Premièrement, quel est le référentiel ? Observez les effets du Movento, du Teppeki et d’autres pyréthrinoïdes auxquels le député Turquois, agriculteur spécialiste de ces questions, faisait référence : intégrez-les à votre référentiel environnemental ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 163,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211914",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N01248db73778",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’espère donc vivement que le marché commun continuera à exister, sans quoi nous aurons un très gros problème.Monsieur Orphelin, il ne s’agit pas, au fond –⁠ je le répète très calmement –, d’opposer les députés les uns aux autres au sujet des néonicotinoïdes. La question est de savoir si nous souhaitons que la filière de la betterave s’engage dans la transition. Chacun ici s’accorde à considérer que c’est nécessaire –⁠ sauf que, comme nous essayons de vous le faire comprendre de façon très apaisée, engager une transition avec une filière qui meurt revient à ne pas faire de transition.Par ailleurs, si vous voulez dresser un bilan écologique –⁠ et je connais votre honnêteté intellectuelle –, deux éléments doivent être pris en considération. Premièrement, quel est le référentiel ? Observez les effets du Movento, du Teppeki et d’autres pyréthrinoïdes auxquels le député Turquois, agriculteur spécialiste de ces questions, faisait référence : intégrez-les à votre référentiel environnemental ! (Protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212002",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212002"
   ],
   "order": 185,
   "text": "Ajoutez ensuite à votre calcul les importations, dont nous ne voulons pas !Enfin, madame Batho, vous avez soulevé tout à l’heure la question du décret d’application. Je ne vous avais pas répondu. Vous remarquiez que l’avis du Conseil d’État renvoyait à un décret dans lequel les substances interdites seraient définies. Mais le paragraphe que vous avez cité renvoie, précisément, au nouveau décret d’application que le Conseil d’État nous recommande de prendre, en début d’avis, pour consolider le projet de loi. Vous avez un éminent scientifique dans vos rangs. Or c’est comme en mathématiques : considérant que mon raisonnement est faux, cela signifie-t-il nécessairement que le résultat est-il faux ? En l’occurrence, le raisonnement est vrai, mais le résultat est faux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem, et LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 130,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212002",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N58e3e1f8e630",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ajoutez ensuite à votre calcul les importations, dont nous ne voulons pas !Enfin, madame Batho, vous avez soulevé tout à l’heure la question du décret d’application. Je ne vous avais pas répondu. Vous remarquiez que l’avis du Conseil d’État renvoyait à un décret dans lequel les substances interdites seraient définies. Mais le paragraphe que vous avez cité renvoie, précisément, au nouveau décret d’application que le Conseil d’État nous recommande de prendre, en début d’avis, pour consolider le projet de loi. Vous avez un éminent scientifique dans vos rangs. Or c’est comme en mathématiques : considérant que mon raisonnement est faux, cela signifie-t-il nécessairement que le résultat est-il faux ? En l’occurrence, le raisonnement est vrai, mais le résultat est faux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem, et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212009",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212009"
   ],
   "order": 193,
   "text": "Monsieur le président, j’ai l’impression que vous voyez mal ce qui se passe à votre gauche mais peu importe, vous n’êtes pas le premier président dans ce cas ! (Vives exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et LR. – Plusieurs députés demandent sur quel article du règlement l’orateur fonde son intervention.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212009",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N94cd88406c3c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président, j’ai l’impression que vous voyez mal ce qui se passe à votre gauche mais peu importe, vous n’êtes pas le premier président dans ce cas ! (Vives exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et [GROUPE]. – Plusieurs députés demandent sur quel article du règlement l’orateur fonde son intervention.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212011",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212011"
   ],
   "order": 195,
   "text": "Il se fonde sur les articles 98 et 51 et porte sur la tenue de nos débats. J’ai bien compris que vous donniez la parole à un orateur pour et à un orateur contre. Très bien, sauf que nous discutons actuellement de trois amendements dont l’un a été déposé par une certaine Mme Panot. Or c’est elle qui souhaite répliquer. Elle a même été la première à lever la main pour vous le demander. Vous n’avez pas regardé de ce côté-ci de l’hémicycle mais ce n’est pas grave car je sais bien que c’est compliqué de tourner les yeux dans cette direction. (Protestations sur les bancs des groupe LaREM, LR et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212011",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb8ccd068b614",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il se fonde sur les articles 98 et 51 et porte sur la tenue de nos débats. J’ai bien compris que vous donniez la parole à un orateur pour et à un orateur contre. Très bien, sauf que nous discutons actuellement de trois amendements dont l’un a été déposé par une certaine Mme Panot. Or c’est elle qui souhaite répliquer. Elle a même été la première à lever la main pour vous le demander. Vous n’avez pas regardé de ce côté-ci de l’hémicycle mais ce n’est pas grave car je sais bien que c’est compliqué de tourner les yeux dans cette direction. (Protestations sur les bancs des groupe [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA643089",
   "speaker": "Jean-Louis Thiériot",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Louis Thiériot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212017",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212017"
   ],
   "order": 201,
   "text": "En écoutant les propos qui viennent d’être tenus, je me suis dit qu’on oubliait un peu le rôle du législateur. Consiste-t-il vraiment à entrer dans les détails, molécule par molécule, plutôt qu’à proposer une vision d’ensemble de ce que nous voulons pour notre agriculture et pour notre pays ? (« Très bien !» sur les bancs du groupe LR.)Aujourd’hui l’enjeu est global. Nous risquons de voir disparaître une filière, celle de la betterave, qui comprend non seulement les agriculteurs mais aussi, au-delà, 40 000 salariés qui travaillent pour cette industrie. Et demain, ce seront les usines sucrières d’Europe de l’Est, et non les agriculteurs de notre pays, qui produiront, pour un bilan carbone catastrophique, le sucre que nous consommerons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.) Ne serait-ce que pour des raisons environnementales, pour éviter d’importer des produits agricoles que nous ne voulons pas consommer, nous devons soutenir ce projet de loi. Ne désespérons pas nos paysans, eux qui nourrissent les hommes. Voilà le rôle du législateur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 181,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212017",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne45c6fcfa7f3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En écoutant les propos qui viennent d’être tenus, je me suis dit qu’on oubliait un peu le rôle du législateur. Consiste-t-il vraiment à entrer dans les détails, molécule par molécule, plutôt qu’à proposer une vision d’ensemble de ce que nous voulons pour notre agriculture et pour notre pays ? (« Très bien !» sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Aujourd’hui l’enjeu est global. Nous risquons de voir disparaître une filière, celle de la betterave, qui comprend non seulement les agriculteurs mais aussi, au-delà, 40 000 salariés qui travaillent pour cette industrie. Et demain, ce seront les usines sucrières d’Europe de l’Est, et non les agriculteurs de notre pays, qui produiront, pour un bilan carbone catastrophique, le sucre que nous consommerons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Ne serait-ce que pour des raisons environnementales, pour éviter d’importer des produits agricoles que nous ne voulons pas consommer, nous devons soutenir ce projet de loi. Ne désespérons pas nos paysans, eux qui nourrissent les hommes. Voilà le rôle du législateur. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212020",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212020"
   ],
   "order": 203,
   "text": "Je souhaite faire une observation d’ordre linguistique : on parle d’une « infestation de ravageurs » contre laquelle on emploie des « produits phytosanitaires », les mêmes que ceux qui se trouvent dans nos shampoings et dans nos produits de beauté. Or ces néonicotinoïdes ne sont rien d’autre que du poison : l’imidaclopride, c’est du poison, le thiamethoxame, c’est du poison et la chlotianidine, c’est encore du poison ! Disons-le !Il faut certes sauver la filière betterave mais il faut aussi sauver la biodiversité. D’ailleurs je ne pense pas que la filière s’écroule alors que le vivant, lui, s’effondre. Or des solutions existent. Certaines ont été présentées par le groupe Socialistes et apparentés, d’autres par notre collègue Matthieu Orphelin. Elles sont d’ordre financier mais se trouvent aussi du côté de la recherche, du biocontrôle, de la culture ou encore de la biostimulation. Il faut les mettre en place sans attendre.Je discutais ce matin dans ma circonscription avec un agriculteur qui exploite depuis vingt ans, en zone défavorisée simple, 600 hectares en bio, en grande culture –⁠ ce qui n’est pas rien. Il m’a dit que ne nous ne devions surtout pas autoriser la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes car tous les agriculteurs sont en train de basculer vers le « zéro phyto ».C’est d’autant plus important qu’en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, des voix s’élèvent pour que soit maintenue l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes pour la culture du colza et de la moutarde. Vous devriez d’ailleurs, monsieur le ministre, en entendre parler dès la semaine prochaine.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212020",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nac3f6fe761df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite faire une observation d’ordre linguistique : on parle d’une « infestation de ravageurs » contre laquelle on emploie des « produits phytosanitaires », les mêmes que ceux qui se trouvent dans nos shampoings et dans nos produits de beauté. Or ces néonicotinoïdes ne sont rien d’autre que du poison : l’imidaclopride, c’est du poison, le thiamethoxame, c’est du poison et la chlotianidine, c’est encore du poison ! Disons-le !Il faut certes sauver la filière betterave mais il faut aussi sauver la biodiversité. D’ailleurs je ne pense pas que la filière s’écroule alors que le vivant, lui, s’effondre. Or des solutions existent. Certaines ont été présentées par le groupe [GROUPE], d’autres par notre collègue [PERSONNE]. Elles sont d’ordre financier mais se trouvent aussi du côté de la recherche, du biocontrôle, de la culture ou encore de la biostimulation. Il faut les mettre en place sans attendre.Je discutais ce matin dans ma circonscription avec un agriculteur qui exploite depuis vingt ans, en zone défavorisée simple, 600 hectares en bio, en grande culture –⁠ ce qui n’est pas rien. Il m’a dit que ne nous ne devions surtout pas autoriser la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes car tous les agriculteurs sont en train de basculer vers le « zéro phyto ».C’est d’autant plus important qu’en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, des voix s’élèvent pour que soit maintenue l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes pour la culture du colza et de la moutarde. Vous devriez d’ailleurs, monsieur le ministre, en entendre parler dès la semaine prochaine."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212034",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212034"
   ],
   "order": 212,
   "text": "M. le ministre et plusieurs députés ici présents nous ont dit que la dérogation ne s’appliquerait qu’à la production de betteraves et pas à d’autres types de culture. Or notre collègue Yolaine de Courson a cité à l’instant l’exemple de la moutarde et déjà, en août, les producteurs de maïs avaient formulé une demande de dérogation, en expliquant qu’ils étaient eux-mêmes en grande difficulté, qu’ils se trouvaient dans une impasse, notamment face aux ravageurs. Dès lors, monsieur le ministre, comment pouvez-vous justifier une fin de non-recevoir auprès de ces autres filières alors que vous avez accordé une dérogation aux producteurs de betteraves ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 110,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212034",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N98778d928599",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "M. le ministre et plusieurs députés ici présents nous ont dit que la dérogation ne s’appliquerait qu’à la production de betteraves et pas à d’autres types de culture. Or notre collègue [PERSONNE] a cité à l’instant l’exemple de la moutarde et déjà, en août, les producteurs de maïs avaient formulé une demande de dérogation, en expliquant qu’ils étaient eux-mêmes en grande difficulté, qu’ils se trouvaient dans une impasse, notamment face aux ravageurs. Dès lors, monsieur le ministre, comment pouvez-vous justifier une fin de non-recevoir auprès de ces autres filières alors que vous avez accordé une dérogation aux producteurs de betteraves ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212040",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212040"
   ],
   "order": 218,
   "text": "Je souhaite réagir aux propos tenus par M. Jacob concernant le « miel de betterave ». Cher collègue, je pense que vous vous êtes laissé berner par la propagande du Gouvernement. (Sourires. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212040",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N47bc8bc9c901",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite réagir aux propos tenus par M. Jacob concernant le « miel de betterave ». Cher collègue, je pense que vous vous êtes laissé berner par la propagande du Gouvernement. (Sourires. – Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212051",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212051"
   ],
   "order": 220,
   "text": "En effet –⁠ et c’est la science qui nous le dit – les néonicotinoïdes se propagent au-delà de leur simple zone d’utilisation. La science nous apprend aussi que seulement 20 % de la substance active sont absorbés par la plante et que 80 %, voire un peu plus, contaminent les sols, les eaux et les nappes phréatiques –⁠ elle se retrouve donc un peu partout.Allons plus loin : cette dérogation menacerait des milliards d’abeilles par an en France. Et puisque vous vous intéressez au sort des apiculteurs, sachez que la production de miel, en France toujours, a été divisée par trois à cause des néonicotinoïdes et que les trois quarts des miels en Europe contiennent des résidus de ces insecticides.Enfin, monsieur le ministre, sachez que les insectes pollinisateurs sont nécessaires à 85 % des plantes cultivées. En accordant cette dérogation, vous n’agissez donc pas en faveur d’une agriculture « forte » –⁠ pour reprendre le mot que vous avez employé tout à l’heure –, vous ne faites que détruire la possibilité de cultiver des plantes. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)S’il faut bien sûr accompagner les producteurs de betteraves, vous n’apportez, comme l’a dit M. Turquois, qu’une solution à court terme alors qu’une réponse systémique est nécessaire –⁠ c’est ce que nous proposons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 221,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212051",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N98e869312c09",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En effet –⁠ et c’est la science qui nous le dit – les néonicotinoïdes se propagent au-delà de leur simple zone d’utilisation. La science nous apprend aussi que seulement 20 % de la substance active sont absorbés par la plante et que 80 %, voire un peu plus, contaminent les sols, les eaux et les nappes phréatiques –⁠ elle se retrouve donc un peu partout.Allons plus loin : cette dérogation menacerait des milliards d’abeilles par an en France. Et puisque vous vous intéressez au sort des apiculteurs, sachez que la production de miel, en France toujours, a été divisée par trois à cause des néonicotinoïdes et que les trois quarts des miels en Europe contiennent des résidus de ces insecticides.Enfin, monsieur le ministre, sachez que les insectes pollinisateurs sont nécessaires à 85 % des plantes cultivées. En accordant cette dérogation, vous n’agissez donc pas en faveur d’une agriculture « forte » –⁠ pour reprendre le mot que vous avez employé tout à l’heure –, vous ne faites que détruire la possibilité de cultiver des plantes. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)S’il faut bien sûr accompagner les producteurs de betteraves, vous n’apportez, comme l’a dit M. Turquois, qu’une solution à court terme alors qu’une réponse systémique est nécessaire –⁠ c’est ce que nous proposons. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210150",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210150"
   ],
   "order": 227,
   "text": "Chacun comprendra que cet amendement ne modifie pas l’opposition frontale du groupe GDR au projet e loi, opposition qui, en ce qui nous concerne, ne se négocie pas.Cependant, dans le cadre de mon activité parlementaire –⁠ cela ne date pas d’hier –, lorsque je suis confronté à un texte mauvais ou dont je considère qu’il aura des effets très négatifs, j’ai l’habitude de présenter des amendements susceptibles de le rendre un peu moins néfaste. C’est le simple but du présent amendement, qui remplace la date de 2023 par celle de 2021 ; cela ne change absolument rien à l’appréciation que nous avons du texte.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210150",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb2fae141d22b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chacun comprendra que cet amendement ne modifie pas l’opposition frontale du groupe [GROUPE] au projet e loi, opposition qui, en ce qui nous concerne, ne se négocie pas.Cependant, dans le cadre de mon activité parlementaire –⁠ cela ne date pas d’hier –, lorsque je suis confronté à un texte mauvais ou dont je considère qu’il aura des effets très négatifs, j’ai l’habitude de présenter des amendements susceptibles de le rendre un peu moins néfaste. C’est le simple but du présent amendement, qui remplace la date de 2023 par celle de 2021 ; cela ne change absolument rien à l’appréciation que nous avons du texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210153",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210153"
   ],
   "order": 229,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, dans votre projet de loi, vous nous proposez d’autoriser par arrêtés conjoints des ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de l’environnement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes.Je comprends les difficultés éprouvées par les betteraviers et par la filière industrielle, mais je propose que ce soient les députés qui accordent chaque année ces dérogations. Le premier délai d’un an laisse le temps au Gouvernement de rencontrer les professionnels de la filière, les industriels, les producteurs et l’Institut technique de la betterave –⁠ ITB – et de mobiliser l’INRAE et les instances européennes, afin de produire un rapport d’étape. Au bout d’un an, ou un peu moins, vous revenez nous voir : c’est alors à nous de prendre la décision, en conscience, sur la base de ce rapport et de nouveau pour un an –⁠ et non pour trois, comme le prévoit actuellement le texte.Il y a quatre ans, Mme Pompili nous avait induits en erreur. Je me souviens très bien des débats de 2016, je m’étais abstenu : j’avais laissé passer l’interdiction parce que je comprenais l’enjeu environnemental, et en particulier les difficultés rencontrées par les éleveurs –⁠ car les apiculteurs sont des éleveurs d’abeilles. Les néonicotinoïdes sont 7 000 fois plus toxiques que le DDT, et le taux de mortalité annuel des abeilles atteint 30 % ; en vingt-cinq ans, la production de miel a été divisée par deux ; selon une étude allemande, la population d’insectes volants a baissé de 75 à 85 % ; celle des oiseaux a baissé de 30 % en quinze ans. Ceci m’interpelle et interpelle les populations.C’est pourquoi je ne suis pas prêt à donner un blanc-seing au Gouvernement : j’ai confiance en vous, mais ma confiance en Mme Pompili est réservée,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 287,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210153",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbbd213127f1b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, dans votre projet de loi, vous nous proposez d’autoriser par arrêtés conjoints des ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de l’environnement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes.Je comprends les difficultés éprouvées par les betteraviers et par la filière industrielle, mais je propose que ce soient les députés qui accordent chaque année ces dérogations. Le premier délai d’un an laisse le temps au Gouvernement de rencontrer les professionnels de la filière, les industriels, les producteurs et l’Institut technique de la betterave –⁠ ITB – et de mobiliser l’INRAE et les instances européennes, afin de produire un rapport d’étape. Au bout d’un an, ou un peu moins, vous revenez nous voir : c’est alors à nous de prendre la décision, en conscience, sur la base de ce rapport et de nouveau pour un an –⁠ et non pour trois, comme le prévoit actuellement le texte.Il y a quatre ans, Mme Pompili nous avait induits en erreur. Je me souviens très bien des débats de 2016, je m’étais abstenu : j’avais laissé passer l’interdiction parce que je comprenais l’enjeu environnemental, et en particulier les difficultés rencontrées par les éleveurs –⁠ car les apiculteurs sont des éleveurs d’abeilles. Les néonicotinoïdes sont 7 000 fois plus toxiques que le DDT, et le taux de mortalité annuel des abeilles atteint 30 % ; en vingt-cinq ans, la production de miel a été divisée par deux ; selon une étude allemande, la population d’insectes volants a baissé de 75 à 85 % ; celle des oiseaux a baissé de 30 % en quinze ans. Ceci m’interpelle et interpelle les populations.C’est pourquoi je ne suis pas prêt à donner un blanc-seing au Gouvernement : j’ai confiance en vous, mais ma confiance en Mme Pompili est réservée,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210311",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210311"
   ],
   "order": 231,
   "text": "…car elle nous a induits en erreur il y a quatre ans. Nous devons être responsables vis-à-vis de la filière et des producteurs, tout en tenant compte de l’enjeu environnemental. L’amendement propose donc aux parlementaires d’accorder eux-mêmes les dérogations pour une durée d’un an.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210311",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndfd12d11a12b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…car elle nous a induits en erreur il y a quatre ans. Nous devons être responsables vis-à-vis de la filière et des producteurs, tout en tenant compte de l’enjeu environnemental. L’amendement propose donc aux parlementaires d’accorder eux-mêmes les dérogations pour une durée d’un an."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720672",
   "speaker": "Robert Therry",
   "quality": "M. Robert Therry",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210157",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210157"
   ],
   "order": 233,
   "text": "Je pense être le seul apiculteur professionnel dans cet hémicycle. Je suis d’ailleurs à l’origine des trois ruches installées au-dessus de nos têtes. Je sais que les oreilles de mes collègues bourdonnent à cet instant (Murmures sur plusieurs bancs) et je me dois d’être leur porte-parole, tout en ayant conscience du fait qu’il faille donner toute sa place à la filière de la betterave dans nos campagnes.L’amendement vise à éviter que la dérogation puisse se prolonger : au-delà du 1er janvier 2022, l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes doit redevenir pure et simple. Les apiculteurs ont alerté le Gouvernement quant à l’utilisation de cet insecticide également appelé « tueur d’abeilles », et s’inquiètent de ce que la dérogation qui concerne la culture de betterave soit également accordée à d’autres productions. Rappelons que les néonicotinoïdes se répandent dans les sols et dans l’eau et y restent présents pendant de nombreuses années. Il n’est donc pas exclu que, même limitée à la culture de la betterave, cette dérogation ait un impact immense sur les insectes pollinisateurs.Par ailleurs, il convient de rappeler que l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires n’est pas la seule solution à court terme pour lutter contre les parasites ; il est temps que la recherche progresse dans ce domaine, afin d’assurer la pérennité de certaines filières agricoles tout en préservant les abeilles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 225,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210157",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N765db2b465ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "SV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je pense être le seul apiculteur professionnel dans cet hémicycle. Je suis d’ailleurs à l’origine des trois ruches installées au-dessus de nos têtes. Je sais que les oreilles de mes collègues bourdonnent à cet instant (Murmures sur plusieurs bancs) et je me dois d’être leur porte-parole, tout en ayant conscience du fait qu’il faille donner toute sa place à la filière de la betterave dans nos campagnes.L’amendement vise à éviter que la dérogation puisse se prolonger : au-delà du 1er janvier 2022, l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes doit redevenir pure et simple. Les apiculteurs ont alerté le Gouvernement quant à l’utilisation de cet insecticide également appelé « tueur d’abeilles », et s’inquiètent de ce que la dérogation qui concerne la culture de betterave soit également accordée à d’autres productions. Rappelons que les néonicotinoïdes se répandent dans les sols et dans l’eau et y restent présents pendant de nombreuses années. Il n’est donc pas exclu que, même limitée à la culture de la betterave, cette dérogation ait un impact immense sur les insectes pollinisateurs.Par ailleurs, il convient de rappeler que l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires n’est pas la seule solution à court terme pour lutter contre les parasites ; il est temps que la recherche progresse dans ce domaine, afin d’assurer la pérennité de certaines filières agricoles tout en préservant les abeilles. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719972",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Sarles",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Sarles",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210161",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210161"
   ],
   "order": 235,
   "text": "Mon opposition au texte est connue, monsieur le ministre, et je souhaite la partager auprès de tous. J’avais proposé à la commission du développement durable, saisie pour avis, que nous ne nous prononcions que pour deux campagnes, c’est-à-dire jusqu’en 2022, et celle-ci avait donné un avis favorable. Ainsi, au moins –⁠ puisque nous ne pourrons pas le mieux – la dérogation sera limitée à la présente législature. Ensuite, une nouvelle décision devra être prise par la prochaine Assemblée.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210161",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne055a8bbb7af",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mon opposition au texte est connue, monsieur le ministre, et je souhaite la partager auprès de tous. J’avais proposé à la commission du développement durable, saisie pour avis, que nous ne nous prononcions que pour deux campagnes, c’est-à-dire jusqu’en 2022, et celle-ci avait donné un avis favorable. Ainsi, au moins –⁠ puisque nous ne pourrons pas le mieux – la dérogation sera limitée à la présente législature. Ensuite, une nouvelle décision devra être prise par la prochaine Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210163",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210163"
   ],
   "order": 237,
   "text": "Je tiens à rappeler que le texte ne crée pas une possibilité de déroger pendant trois ans à l’interdiction : il permet de le faire pendant un an, renouvelable deux fois. Ces dérogations ne sont permises que dans les cas où survient un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables, pour une durée de 120 jours et selon un usage limité et contrôlé.Je prends beaucoup de plaisir à votre compagnie…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210163",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8858899518bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à rappeler que le texte ne crée pas une possibilité de déroger pendant trois ans à l’interdiction : il permet de le faire pendant un an, renouvelable deux fois. Ces dérogations ne sont permises que dans les cas où survient un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables, pour une durée de 120 jours et selon un usage limité et contrôlé.Je prends beaucoup de plaisir à votre compagnie…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210165",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210165"
   ],
   "order": 239,
   "text": "…mais je ne pense pas que ce texte ait vocation à devenir ces deux ou trois prochaines années un rendez-vous annuel, comme le sont le PLF ou le PLFSS. Monsieur Benoit, nous avons l’habitude de travailler ensemble, nous nous côtoyons très régulièrement et nous prenons du plaisir à avancer sur des sujets communs, en particulier la défense du monde agricole. Remplacer 2023 par 2021 et créer une dérogation annuelle –⁠ auquel cas nous devrions tous nous rassembler de nouveau comme ce soir – mettrait en difficulté les agriculteurs. Je vous mets au défi de trouver un seul planteur de betterave qui serait prêt à prendre le risque de replanter de la betterave sans savoir ce qu’il adviendrait l’année suivante. Il suffit d’une année pour que les sucreries tombent complètement à plat : au bout de deux ans, on perdrait 100 % des planteurs de betterave et de la première filière sucrière au monde.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 153,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210165",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N267697f5679f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…mais je ne pense pas que ce texte ait vocation à devenir ces deux ou trois prochaines années un rendez-vous annuel, comme le sont le PLF ou le PLFSS. Monsieur Benoit, nous avons l’habitude de travailler ensemble, nous nous côtoyons très régulièrement et nous prenons du plaisir à avancer sur des sujets communs, en particulier la défense du monde agricole. Remplacer 2023 par 2021 et créer une dérogation annuelle –⁠ auquel cas nous devrions tous nous rassembler de nouveau comme ce soir – mettrait en difficulté les agriculteurs. Je vous mets au défi de trouver un seul planteur de betterave qui serait prêt à prendre le risque de replanter de la betterave sans savoir ce qu’il adviendrait l’année suivante. Il suffit d’une année pour que les sucreries tombent complètement à plat : au bout de deux ans, on perdrait 100 % des planteurs de betterave et de la première filière sucrière au monde."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210167",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210167"
   ],
   "order": 241,
   "text": "Mon avis est également défavorable, mais je souhaite vraiment répondre à l’inquiétude du député Benoit –⁠ je crois que tout le monde la partage, et notre objectif commun est de trouver la solution le plus rapidement possible. Ce qui est proposé à votre assemblée, c’est de voter la possibilité donnée au Gouvernement d’utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen qui, comme l’a très bien dit le rapporteur, ne sert qu’en cas de danger et quand il n’existe pas d’autre solution crédible. Les trois années correspondent donc à un maximum, mais chaque année, lorsque la France –⁠ ou tout État membre – dépose sa demande, elle doit la justifier. Si la justification n’apparaît pas suffisante, elle est considérée comme illégitime et la Commission a le droit de ne pas autoriser la dérogation.Par ailleurs, il est incontestable que depuis quatre ans, le suivi n’est pas assez important. Je ne dis pas que rien n’a été fait, car ce n’est pas vrai –⁠ des choses ont été faites, et d’autres sont en cours – mais le suivi doit être plus régulier. C’est pour cela qu’en commission, suite à nos travaux, la création d’un conseil de surveillance a été décidée ; celui-ci doit rendre un avis chaque trimestre, et les parlementaires y sont représentés –⁠ c’est très important. Je veux rassurer la représentation nationale : la dérogation est une possibilité offerte uniquement en l’absence d’autre solution, et le suivi, qui sera public, associera pleinement les parlementaires.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 241,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210167",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc123e8e16527",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mon avis est également défavorable, mais je souhaite vraiment répondre à l’inquiétude du député Benoit –⁠ je crois que tout le monde la partage, et notre objectif commun est de trouver la solution le plus rapidement possible. Ce qui est proposé à votre assemblée, c’est de voter la possibilité donnée au Gouvernement d’utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen qui, comme l’a très bien dit le rapporteur, ne sert qu’en cas de danger et quand il n’existe pas d’autre solution crédible. Les trois années correspondent donc à un maximum, mais chaque année, lorsque la France –⁠ ou tout État membre – dépose sa demande, elle doit la justifier. Si la justification n’apparaît pas suffisante, elle est considérée comme illégitime et la Commission a le droit de ne pas autoriser la dérogation.Par ailleurs, il est incontestable que depuis quatre ans, le suivi n’est pas assez important. Je ne dis pas que rien n’a été fait, car ce n’est pas vrai –⁠ des choses ont été faites, et d’autres sont en cours – mais le suivi doit être plus régulier. C’est pour cela qu’en commission, suite à nos travaux, la création d’un conseil de surveillance a été décidée ; celui-ci doit rendre un avis chaque trimestre, et les parlementaires y sont représentés –⁠ c’est très important. Je veux rassurer la représentation nationale : la dérogation est une possibilité offerte uniquement en l’absence d’autre solution, et le suivi, qui sera public, associera pleinement les parlementaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210170",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210170"
   ],
   "order": 243,
   "text": "Je veux d’abord saluer les bonnes intentions des collègues bien conscients du poison que sont les néonicotinoïdes, qui cherchent à limiter les dégâts en essayant de réduire la durée des dérogations. Je rappelle que selon les calculs effectués par le journaliste Stéphane Foucart pour son livre Et le monde devint silencieux, chaque tonne de néonicotinoïde peut tuer jusqu’à 150 000 milliards d’abeilles. Qu’on parle de vingt tonnes ou quatre-vingts tonnes, l’ordre de grandeur est le même.Nous sommes passés un peu vite sur la question de l’Allemagne, qui est le deuxième producteur européen de betteraves. Comme cela a été annoncé par la ministre allemande de l’agriculture, son pays refuse d’autoriser de manière dérogatoire le thiaméthoxame, l’imidaclopride et la clothianidine. Or je ne crois pas que l’on puisse dire que l’Allemagne prend le risque d’une pénurie de sucre, ni celui de la fermeture de toutes ses sucreries.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez demandé ce qui était le « moins pire » entre la pulvérisation et l’enrobage des semences : les deux sont des poisons, on ne peut pas choisir le meilleur ! Mais il faut tout de même souligner qu’il existe entre les deux une notable différence d’échelle. En enrobage de semences, les néonicotinoïdes se retrouvent partout, sur 400 000 hectares de champs de betteraves, y compris à des endroits épargnés par le puceron et la fameuse jaunisse –⁠ car ils ne sont pas présents sur la totalité des assolements et des terres mises en culture cette année. Je constate que l’approche allemande consiste en une intervention curative, fondée sur l’utilisation de produits qui ne sont pas les trois produits interdits dans l’Union européenne, tandis que vous proposez de mettre en place un traitement préventif en enrobage de semences, sur 400 000 hectares. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS, FI et GDR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 300,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210170",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne6d0b1b321f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux d’abord saluer les bonnes intentions des collègues bien conscients du poison que sont les néonicotinoïdes, qui cherchent à limiter les dégâts en essayant de réduire la durée des dérogations. Je rappelle que selon les calculs effectués par le journaliste Stéphane Foucart pour son livre Et le monde devint silencieux, chaque tonne de néonicotinoïde peut tuer jusqu’à 150 000 milliards d’abeilles. Qu’on parle de vingt tonnes ou quatre-vingts tonnes, l’ordre de grandeur est le même.Nous sommes passés un peu vite sur la question de l’Allemagne, qui est le deuxième producteur européen de betteraves. Comme cela a été annoncé par la ministre allemande de l’agriculture, son pays refuse d’autoriser de manière dérogatoire le thiaméthoxame, l’imidaclopride et la clothianidine. Or je ne crois pas que l’on puisse dire que l’Allemagne prend le risque d’une pénurie de sucre, ni celui de la fermeture de toutes ses sucreries.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez demandé ce qui était le « moins pire » entre la pulvérisation et l’enrobage des semences : les deux sont des poisons, on ne peut pas choisir le meilleur ! Mais il faut tout de même souligner qu’il existe entre les deux une notable différence d’échelle. En enrobage de semences, les néonicotinoïdes se retrouvent partout, sur 400 000 hectares de champs de betteraves, y compris à des endroits épargnés par le puceron et la fameuse jaunisse –⁠ car ils ne sont pas présents sur la totalité des assolements et des terres mises en culture cette année. Je constate que l’approche allemande consiste en une intervention curative, fondée sur l’utilisation de produits qui ne sont pas les trois produits interdits dans l’Union européenne, tandis que vous proposez de mettre en place un traitement préventif en enrobage de semences, sur 400 000 hectares. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS, FI et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210173",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210173"
   ],
   "order": 245,
   "text": "Cher Thierry Benoit, je comprends bien votre intention et aussi votre inquiétude s’agissant de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes par l’enrobage de semences. Mais enfin, avec la loi de 2016, en décrétant une date-butoir sans faire ensuite le travail nécessaire, on a menti aux agriculteurs, aux consommateurs, aux citoyens, parce qu’on savait qu’on n’allait pas tenir les délais prévus. Que voulez-vous que l’on fasse : préférez-vous que l’on oblige à donner dès 2021 un nouvel avis, qui devra certainement proroger la dérogation puisque la solution n’aura pas encore été trouvée, ou bien que l’on décide directement d’attendre 2023, sachant que le renouvellement n’est pas automatique –⁠ chaque demande doit être motivée, comme l’a bien précisé M. le ministre ? On sait que, quoi qu’il en soit, la campagne s’arrêtera en 2023 partout en Europe : on laisse ainsi le temps aux scientifiques de trouver la solution. Il faut arrêter de mentir aux citoyens, aux agriculteurs et aux consommateurs. Nous n’avons pas encore la solution, laissons le temps aux scientifiques de la trouver. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 177,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210173",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N84bf31e9149b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cher [PERSONNE], je comprends bien votre intention et aussi votre inquiétude s’agissant de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes par l’enrobage de semences. Mais enfin, avec la loi de 2016, en décrétant une date-butoir sans faire ensuite le travail nécessaire, on a menti aux agriculteurs, aux consommateurs, aux citoyens, parce qu’on savait qu’on n’allait pas tenir les délais prévus. Que voulez-vous que l’on fasse : préférez-vous que l’on oblige à donner dès 2021 un nouvel avis, qui devra certainement proroger la dérogation puisque la solution n’aura pas encore été trouvée, ou bien que l’on décide directement d’attendre 2023, sachant que le renouvellement n’est pas automatique –⁠ chaque demande doit être motivée, comme l’a bien précisé M. le ministre ? On sait que, quoi qu’il en soit, la campagne s’arrêtera en 2023 partout en Europe : on laisse ainsi le temps aux scientifiques de trouver la solution. Il faut arrêter de mentir aux citoyens, aux agriculteurs et aux consommateurs. Nous n’avons pas encore la solution, laissons le temps aux scientifiques de la trouver. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605069",
   "speaker": "Jean-Louis Bricout",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Louis Bricout",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210175",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210175"
   ],
   "order": 247,
   "text": "Je soutiens l’amendement qui vise à limiter la dérogation à une période d’un an : c’est peut-être un moindre mal. J’écoute les débats depuis le début, et j’observe trois temps distincts. Le premier temps est celui de l’urgence, pour une filière confrontée à une situation catastrophique, qui n’est d’ailleurs pas sans effets sur nos territoires. Elle a certes été fragilisée par la suppression des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi par les quotas et par les contrats de libre-échange. Il n’y a d’ailleurs pas que la filière sucre qui souffre : dans mon territoire, la filière éthanol est touchée ; le machinisme agricole l’est aussi, ainsi que les sociétés de transports, qui trouvent leur équilibre grâce aux campagnes betteravières, et les éleveurs, qui vont chercher la pulpe dans les sucreries. Les conséquences peuvent donc être terribles (M. Jacques Krabal applaudit) et il faut souligner l’urgence à laquelle nous faisons face.Le deuxième temps est celui de la transition. Je voudrais saluer le travail effectué par Dominique Potier pour le groupe Socialistes et apparentés, qui expose toutes les mesures d’accompagnement et de financement nécessaires pour trouver le plus rapidement possible des solutions techniques de rechange.Enfin, le troisième temps est celui des résultats. Pour l’instant, on propose une dérogation sur trois ans, mais il faut absolument mettre la pression sur le monde agricole, qui a parfois tendance à faire l’autruche et à trouver des prétextes pour reporter les dérogations, mais aussi sur le monde de la recherche, en effectuant des contrôles et des évaluations le plus souvent possible. Un rythme annuel me paraît approprié afin de parvenir au résultat que nous recherchons tous : sortir des néonicotinoïdes tout en préservant notre économie et nos territoires.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 279,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210175",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nefd15939258e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je soutiens l’amendement qui vise à limiter la dérogation à une période d’un an : c’est peut-être un moindre mal. J’écoute les débats depuis le début, et j’observe trois temps distincts. Le premier temps est celui de l’urgence, pour une filière confrontée à une situation catastrophique, qui n’est d’ailleurs pas sans effets sur nos territoires. Elle a certes été fragilisée par la suppression des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi par les quotas et par les contrats de libre-échange. Il n’y a d’ailleurs pas que la filière sucre qui souffre : dans mon territoire, la filière éthanol est touchée ; le machinisme agricole l’est aussi, ainsi que les sociétés de transports, qui trouvent leur équilibre grâce aux campagnes betteravières, et les éleveurs, qui vont chercher la pulpe dans les sucreries. Les conséquences peuvent donc être terribles (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit) et il faut souligner l’urgence à laquelle nous faisons face.Le deuxième temps est celui de la transition. Je voudrais saluer le travail effectué par [PERSONNE] pour le groupe [GROUPE], qui expose toutes les mesures d’accompagnement et de financement nécessaires pour trouver le plus rapidement possible des solutions techniques de rechange.Enfin, le troisième temps est celui des résultats. Pour l’instant, on propose une dérogation sur trois ans, mais il faut absolument mettre la pression sur le monde agricole, qui a parfois tendance à faire l’autruche et à trouver des prétextes pour reporter les dérogations, mais aussi sur le monde de la recherche, en effectuant des contrôles et des évaluations le plus souvent possible. Un rythme annuel me paraît approprié afin de parvenir au résultat que nous recherchons tous : sortir des néonicotinoïdes tout en préservant notre économie et nos territoires."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210457",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210457"
   ],
   "order": 250,
   "text": "Madame Batho, ce qui tue les abeilles, ce sont les mauvaises pratiques de certains apiculteurs, c’est l’activité humaine et l’artificialisation des sols, c’est le mauvais nourrissement des ruches, c’est la transhumance pratiquée par des agriculteurs qui manquent de formation. Monsieur Benoit, pour conduire la recherche, identifier les bonnes solutions de rechange, les tester et les rendre pérennes pour l’ensemble de la filière betterave à sucre, il faut disposer d’un minimum de temps. Un an, cher Jean-Louis Bricout, c’est insuffisant : cela ne donne aucune visibilité à une usine sucrière comme celle de Tereos à Origny-Sainte-Benoite, cela ne lui permet pas d’embaucher et surtout d’assurer la pérennité des emplois. Il faut laisser à la filière un peu plus de temps : trois ans, c’est un délai qui me semble représenter un moindre mal et qu’il ne faudra en aucun cas dépasser. En revanche, il faut être exigeant : c’est tout l’enjeu du conseil de surveillance.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 154,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210457",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nea7024d112e3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Batho, ce qui tue les abeilles, ce sont les mauvaises pratiques de certains apiculteurs, c’est l’activité humaine et l’artificialisation des sols, c’est le mauvais nourrissement des ruches, c’est la transhumance pratiquée par des agriculteurs qui manquent de formation. Monsieur Benoit, pour conduire la recherche, identifier les bonnes solutions de rechange, les tester et les rendre pérennes pour l’ensemble de la filière betterave à sucre, il faut disposer d’un minimum de temps. Un an, cher [PERSONNE], c’est insuffisant : cela ne donne aucune visibilité à une usine sucrière comme celle de Tereos à Origny-Sainte-Benoite, cela ne lui permet pas d’embaucher et surtout d’assurer la pérennité des emplois. Il faut laisser à la filière un peu plus de temps : trois ans, c’est un délai qui me semble représenter un moindre mal et qu’il ne faudra en aucun cas dépasser. En revanche, il faut être exigeant : c’est tout l’enjeu du conseil de surveillance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719740",
   "speaker": "Jean-Charles Colas-Roy",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Charles Colas-Roy",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210465"
   ],
   "order": 257,
   "text": "Il vient rappeler que la loi biodiversité –⁠ votée en 2016, applicable en 2018, avec possibilité de dérogation jusqu’en juillet 2020 – était bien faite : les arrêtés permettant à certaines filières d’obtenir des dérogations pour utiliser des néonicotinoïdes devaient être conjointement signés par les ministres de l’agriculture, de l’environnement et de la santé.Nous savons que les pesticides de la famille des néonicotinoïdes ont des effets considérables sur l’environnement et potentiellement sur la santé humaine. L’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments déclarait d’ailleurs en 2016 que certains d’entre eux peuvent avoir une incidence sur le développement du système nerveux humain. En l’état, le texte qui nous est proposé par le Gouvernement prévoit que seuls les ministres de l’agriculture et de l’environnement seront signataires des arrêtés d’autorisation. Si jamais le texte devait être voté –⁠ vous aurez compris que ce n’est pas l’issue que j’appelle de mes vœux –, par parallélisme des formes et par cohérence avec la loi biodiversité de 2016, il me paraît essentiel que le ministre de la santé soit associé à l’octroi des dérogations, car la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes, véritables poisons pour les sols et la biodiversité, constitue un enjeu majeur de santé publique.Monsieur le ministre, j’ai noté avec intérêt, dans votre réponse à M. Potier, que vous étiez favorable à cette mesure.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 216,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210465",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc5fac5b758d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il vient rappeler que la loi biodiversité –⁠ votée en 2016, applicable en 2018, avec possibilité de dérogation jusqu’en juillet 2020 – était bien faite : les arrêtés permettant à certaines filières d’obtenir des dérogations pour utiliser des néonicotinoïdes devaient être conjointement signés par les ministres de l’agriculture, de l’environnement et de la santé.Nous savons que les pesticides de la famille des néonicotinoïdes ont des effets considérables sur l’environnement et potentiellement sur la santé humaine. L’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments déclarait d’ailleurs en 2016 que certains d’entre eux peuvent avoir une incidence sur le développement du système nerveux humain. En l’état, le texte qui nous est proposé par le Gouvernement prévoit que seuls les ministres de l’agriculture et de l’environnement seront signataires des arrêtés d’autorisation. Si jamais le texte devait être voté –⁠ vous aurez compris que ce n’est pas l’issue que j’appelle de mes vœux –, par parallélisme des formes et par cohérence avec la loi biodiversité de 2016, il me paraît essentiel que le ministre de la santé soit associé à l’octroi des dérogations, car la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes, véritables poisons pour les sols et la biodiversité, constitue un enjeu majeur de santé publique.Monsieur le ministre, j’ai noté avec intérêt, dans votre réponse à M. Potier, que vous étiez favorable à cette mesure."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210469",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210469"
   ],
   "order": 259,
   "text": "J’émettrai malheureusement un avis défavorable. Puisqu’on parle de 46 000 emplois, on aurait pu ajouter le ministère du travail ; comme il s’agit de trouver des solutions techniques de rechange, on aurait également pu ajouter celui de la recherche ; et aussi ceux de l’industrie ou du commerce extérieur, et bien d’autres encore…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210469",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N848fd5f0df85",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’émettrai malheureusement un avis défavorable. Puisqu’on parle de 46 000 emplois, on aurait pu ajouter le ministère du travail ; comme il s’agit de trouver des solutions techniques de rechange, on aurait également pu ajouter celui de la recherche ; et aussi ceux de l’industrie ou du commerce extérieur, et bien d’autres encore…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210471",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210471"
   ],
   "order": 261,
   "text": "Ce qui a été plébiscité lors des auditions, c’est plutôt la création d’un conseil de surveillance qui mette tout le monde autour de la table et qui se réunisse très régulièrement pour trouver une issue le plus rapidement possible. En feront partie quatre députés, quatre sénateurs, des représentants d’ONG et d’associations de protection de l’environnement, des représentants de syndicats agricoles, des membres des ministères de l’agriculture et de l’écologie, d’instituts de recherche publique, du Conseil économique, social et environnemental et de l’Institut technique de la betterave, ainsi que le délégué interministériel qui a récemment pris ses fonctions. Or parmi les instituts de recherche publique, il y a non seulement l’INRAE, mais également l’ANSES, qui conseille précisément le ministère de la santé.Votre amendement est donc satisfait par la création du conseil de surveillance.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 132,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210471",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1886597b747a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qui a été plébiscité lors des auditions, c’est plutôt la création d’un conseil de surveillance qui mette tout le monde autour de la table et qui se réunisse très régulièrement pour trouver une issue le plus rapidement possible. En feront partie quatre députés, quatre sénateurs, des représentants d’ONG et d’associations de protection de l’environnement, des représentants de syndicats agricoles, des membres des ministères de l’agriculture et de l’écologie, d’instituts de recherche publique, du Conseil économique, social et environnemental et de l’Institut technique de la betterave, ainsi que le délégué interministériel qui a récemment pris ses fonctions. Or parmi les instituts de recherche publique, il y a non seulement l’INRAE, mais également l’ANSES, qui conseille précisément le ministère de la santé.Votre amendement est donc satisfait par la création du conseil de surveillance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719448",
   "speaker": "Annie Chapelier",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Chapelier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210478",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210478"
   ],
   "order": 266,
   "text": "J’écoute vos échanges depuis tout à l’heure, et vous connaissez ma position. L’amendement de Jean-Charles Colas-Roy est très intéressant car il met en avant l’enjeu de la santé, que le texte laisse de côté. Monsieur le ministre, le quatrième plan national santé environnement, qui court de 2020 à 2024, comporte une nouvelle notion, celle de l’exposome, qui consiste à prendre en compte tous les effets de l’environnement sur la santé des populations, et non uniquement ceux d’une molécule sur un environnement agricole.M. Moreau a cité plusieurs fois les organophosphorés, leur biocinétique et leur pharmacodynamie sur des terres argileuses ou schisteuses –⁠ je ne sais plus et peu importe ! Je voudrais évoquer un antécédent très connu d’organochlorés : celui du chlordécone qui était interdit depuis 1978 dans le reste du monde, mais qui a continué à être utilisé en France jusqu’en 1993, dans le territoire des Antilles.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 147,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210478",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N109e1c61136a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’écoute vos échanges depuis tout à l’heure, et vous connaissez ma position. L’amendement de [PERSONNE] est très intéressant car il met en avant l’enjeu de la santé, que le texte laisse de côté. Monsieur le ministre, le quatrième plan national santé environnement, qui court de 2020 à 2024, comporte une nouvelle notion, celle de l’exposome, qui consiste à prendre en compte tous les effets de l’environnement sur la santé des populations, et non uniquement ceux d’une molécule sur un environnement agricole.M. Moreau a cité plusieurs fois les organophosphorés, leur biocinétique et leur pharmacodynamie sur des terres argileuses ou schisteuses –⁠ je ne sais plus et peu importe ! Je voudrais évoquer un antécédent très connu d’organochlorés : celui du chlordécone qui était interdit depuis 1978 dans le reste du monde, mais qui a continué à être utilisé en France jusqu’en 1993, dans le territoire des Antilles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719448",
   "speaker": "Annie Chapelier",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Chapelier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210483"
   ],
   "order": 271,
   "text": "Pas du tout. Je veux simplement souligner que si certains effets des néonicotinoïdes sont connus –⁠ c’est un produit toxique, nocif pour l’environnement et la biodiversité – on n’a pas encore de certitudes chiffrées quant à leur impact sur la santé. Il est donc essentiel d’associer le ministère de la santé aux décisions ; sinon, on devra d’ici une dizaine d’années –⁠ mais peut-être l’avez-vous prévu ? – lancer un plan néonicotinoïdes ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EDS, GDR et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 83,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210483",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N01427d038487",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pas du tout. Je veux simplement souligner que si certains effets des néonicotinoïdes sont connus –⁠ c’est un produit toxique, nocif pour l’environnement et la biodiversité – on n’a pas encore de certitudes chiffrées quant à leur impact sur la santé. Il est donc essentiel d’associer le ministère de la santé aux décisions ; sinon, on devra d’ici une dizaine d’années –⁠ mais peut-être l’avez-vous prévu ? – lancer un plan néonicotinoïdes ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes EDS, [GROUPE] et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210485",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210485"
   ],
   "order": 273,
   "text": "La participation du ministère de la santé est tout sauf facultative. Je suis heureux de ce débat, et la réponse du rapporteur m’interpelle. C’est stupéfiant : un comité est affecté à la betterave –⁠ 400 000 hectares, une seule molécule concernée – et sa composition est, à un nom près, celle du comité d’orientation stratégique et de suivi du plan national de réduction des produits phytopharmaceutiques, dit Écophyto II+. Mais faites donc vivre ce comité ! J’avais été le rapporteur du plan Écophyto II. Le rapport que j’avais remis à Manuel Valls a été détricoté, et la seule innovation du plan Écophyto II+ lancé par votre gouvernement fut d’ajouter le ministère de la santé à ceux de l’agriculture et de l’environnement. Et on nous dit aujourd’hui qu’il n’y aurait pas besoin de faire figurer ce ministère dans le comité de surveillance des néonicotinoïdes ?Faites donc deux choses sérieuses : actez devant nous dans la loi qu’aucune décision relative aux néonicotinoïdes ne sera prise sans l’avis du ministère de la santé ; réactivez le plan Écophyto. Arrêtons les plans Théodule, soyons efficaces, clairs et systémiques ; avançons ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC, EDS et FI et sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 204,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210485",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8b01153de22b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La participation du ministère de la santé est tout sauf facultative. Je suis heureux de ce débat, et la réponse du rapporteur m’interpelle. C’est stupéfiant : un comité est affecté à la betterave –⁠ 400 000 hectares, une seule molécule concernée – et sa composition est, à un nom près, celle du comité d’orientation stratégique et de suivi du plan national de réduction des produits phytopharmaceutiques, dit Écophyto II+. Mais faites donc vivre ce comité ! J’avais été le rapporteur du plan Écophyto II. Le rapport que j’avais remis à [PERSONNE] a été détricoté, et la seule innovation du plan Écophyto II+ lancé par votre gouvernement fut d’ajouter le ministère de la santé à ceux de l’agriculture et de l’environnement. Et on nous dit aujourd’hui qu’il n’y aurait pas besoin de faire figurer ce ministère dans le comité de surveillance des néonicotinoïdes ?Faites donc deux choses sérieuses : actez devant nous dans la loi qu’aucune décision relative aux néonicotinoïdes ne sera prise sans l’avis du ministère de la santé ; réactivez le plan Écophyto. Arrêtons les plans Théodule, soyons efficaces, clairs et systémiques ; avançons ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], EDS et FI et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267355",
   "speaker": "Antoine Herth",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Herth",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210494",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210494"
   ],
   "order": 280,
   "text": "Je suis opposé à ces amendements. La sucrerie d’Erstein, qui fait les titres du Monde ce soir et qui se trouve dans ma circonscription, est l’une des plus menacées en France par la crise de la jaunisse. Son bassin de collecte s’étend sur le département du Bas-Rhin et du Haut-Rhin, mais également sur celui de la Moselle ; elle se fournit également chez quelques producteurs allemands. On voit donc que des amendements qui tendent à fractionner les autorisations en fonction de communes, de cantons ou d’autres secteurs géographiques sont déconnectés des réalités du terrain.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210494",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8f2b8f1ec72b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis opposé à ces amendements. La sucrerie d’Erstein, qui fait les titres du Monde ce soir et qui se trouve dans ma circonscription, est l’une des plus menacées en France par la crise de la jaunisse. Son bassin de collecte s’étend sur le département du Bas-Rhin et du Haut-Rhin, mais également sur celui de la Moselle ; elle se fournit également chez quelques producteurs allemands. On voit donc que des amendements qui tendent à fractionner les autorisations en fonction de communes, de cantons ou d’autres secteurs géographiques sont déconnectés des réalités du terrain."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210497"
   ],
   "order": 283,
   "text": "Afin de mieux suivre et accompagner les acteurs dans l’application de la loi –⁠ ce suivi, on l’a beaucoup répété ce soir, a fait défaut à la loi biodiversité de 2016 – on a créé un conseil de surveillance chargé du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre de solutions alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes.Le présent amendement vise simplement à préciser les compétences de ce comité de surveillance. Celui-ci rend un avis public sur les arrêtés de dérogation proposés par les ministres de l’agriculture et de l’environnement et sur le plan de prévention proposé par la filière de production betteravière, ainsi que sur le programme de recherches.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210497",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb40e25254db1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Afin de mieux suivre et accompagner les acteurs dans l’application de la loi –⁠ ce suivi, on l’a beaucoup répété ce soir, a fait défaut à la loi biodiversité de 2016 – on a créé un conseil de surveillance chargé du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre de solutions alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes.Le présent amendement vise simplement à préciser les compétences de ce comité de surveillance. Celui-ci rend un avis public sur les arrêtés de dérogation proposés par les ministres de l’agriculture et de l’environnement et sur le plan de prévention proposé par la filière de production betteravière, ainsi que sur le programme de recherches."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210502"
   ],
   "order": 287,
   "text": "Ainsi, comme on l’a déjà dénoncé, le conseil de surveillance ne rendra que des avis. C’est, comme on l’a vu avec la mission d’information sur le suivi de la stratégie de sortie du glyphosate, une façon de mettre le problème sous le tapis et d’acheter du temps. Dans trois ans, on nous dira que la filière n’a toujours pas de solution de rechange –⁠ alors que l’ITB bénéficie d’un budget de plus de 5,7 millions d’euros et qu’il sait depuis des dizaines d’années que la filière a des difficultés structurelles… Le conseil de surveillance ne fera, une fois de plus, qu’entériner la volonté de la filière de faire obstruction à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. On nous dit qu’il faut trois ans de plus, comme on avait déjà dit en 2018 qu’il fallait deux ans de plus, et comme on nous dira en 2022 qu’il en faut encore cinq. On n’en finit pas, c’est un jour sans fin, une histoire sans fin : parce que l’agriculture industrielle crée, de façon structurelle, ce désastre et ce désordre économique que la chimie ne résoudra jamais, nous irons de dérogation en dérogation, jusqu’à la fin des temps. Ce n’est pas acceptable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 196,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210502",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Naf9e71aefab1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ainsi, comme on l’a déjà dénoncé, le conseil de surveillance ne rendra que des avis. C’est, comme on l’a vu avec la mission d’information sur le suivi de la stratégie de sortie du glyphosate, une façon de mettre le problème sous le tapis et d’acheter du temps. Dans trois ans, on nous dira que la filière n’a toujours pas de solution de rechange –⁠ alors que l’ITB bénéficie d’un budget de plus de 5,7 millions d’euros et qu’il sait depuis des dizaines d’années que la filière a des difficultés structurelles… Le conseil de surveillance ne fera, une fois de plus, qu’entériner la volonté de la filière de faire obstruction à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. On nous dit qu’il faut trois ans de plus, comme on avait déjà dit en 2018 qu’il fallait deux ans de plus, et comme on nous dira en 2022 qu’il en faut encore cinq. On n’en finit pas, c’est un jour sans fin, une histoire sans fin : parce que l’agriculture industrielle crée, de façon structurelle, ce désastre et ce désordre économique que la chimie ne résoudra jamais, nous irons de dérogation en dérogation, jusqu’à la fin des temps. Ce n’est pas acceptable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210505",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210505"
   ],
   "order": 290,
   "text": "Il a pour objectif de restreindre la possibilité de dérogation à la seule betterave sucrière. Sachant qu’inclure ce nom de plante dans le texte de la loi risquerait de provoquer la censure du Conseil constitutionnel, mon amendement mentionne les deux caractéristiques de la betterave sucrière : d’une part, c’est une plante bisannuelle, qui est donc récoltée avant floraison ; d’autre part, elle ne peut être consommée sans avoir fait au préalable l’objet d’une transformation par un outil industriel.Le cumul de ces deux caractéristiques permet à la dérogation de ne s’appliquer qu’à la betterave sucrière, ce qui correspond au souhait de tous, tout en garantissant la sécurité juridique du dispositif. Une autre rédaction ferait courir le risque que la restriction de la dérogation soit censurée par le Conseil constitutionnel : d’autres cultures pourraient alors faire usage des néonicotinoïdes, ce que personne ne veut.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 142,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210505",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7967bd6f3727",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il a pour objectif de restreindre la possibilité de dérogation à la seule betterave sucrière. Sachant qu’inclure ce nom de plante dans le texte de la loi risquerait de provoquer la censure du Conseil constitutionnel, mon amendement mentionne les deux caractéristiques de la betterave sucrière : d’une part, c’est une plante bisannuelle, qui est donc récoltée avant floraison ; d’autre part, elle ne peut être consommée sans avoir fait au préalable l’objet d’une transformation par un outil industriel.Le cumul de ces deux caractéristiques permet à la dérogation de ne s’appliquer qu’à la betterave sucrière, ce qui correspond au souhait de tous, tout en garantissant la sécurité juridique du dispositif. Une autre rédaction ferait courir le risque que la restriction de la dérogation soit censurée par le Conseil constitutionnel : d’autres cultures pourraient alors faire usage des néonicotinoïdes, ce que personne ne veut."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210594",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210594"
   ],
   "order": 292,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Madame la rapporteure pour avis, nous avons déjà abordé ce sujet en commission, et nous savons quel est l’enjeu du choix des termes qui seront examinés par le Conseil constitutionnel, afin que soit assuré le meilleur encadrement possible de la dérogation pour l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. Pour ma part, j’estime que les mots « betteraves sucrières » permettent d’encadrer parfaitement cette dérogation et qu’ils donnent satisfaction à nombre de nos collègues.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210594",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2309985919e1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Madame la rapporteure pour avis, nous avons déjà abordé ce sujet en commission, et nous savons quel est l’enjeu du choix des termes qui seront examinés par le Conseil constitutionnel, afin que soit assuré le meilleur encadrement possible de la dérogation pour l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. Pour ma part, j’estime que les mots « betteraves sucrières » permettent d’encadrer parfaitement cette dérogation et qu’ils donnent satisfaction à nombre de nos collègues."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719448",
   "speaker": "Annie Chapelier",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Chapelier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210599",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210599"
   ],
   "order": 297,
   "text": "Il vise à empêcher l’autorisation de l’utilisation en France de produits à base de substances interdites depuis 2018 dans l’Union européenne, à savoir l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine –⁠ à prononcer, c’est un défi !Plusieurs collègues ont rappelé les chiffres effrayants du déclin de la biodiversité. Personne ne peut nier le rôle joué en la matière par la destruction des milieux naturels mais, pour ce qui est du déclin de la biodiversité en milieu agricole, nos pratiques culturelles y sont pour beaucoup, en premier lieu les substances que nous répandons sur nos plantes, qui se retrouvent dans nos sols.Ce soir, nous avons beaucoup opposé l’agriculture et l’écologie. Pourtant nous avons tous rencontré de nombreux agriculteurs et nous savons qu’ils ne tiennent pas un discours unique. Parmi eux, il y a ceux qui souhaitent le retour à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, mais il y en a beaucoup d’autres –⁠ dans quelle proportion, c’est toute la question – qui ne le souhaitent pas : ils sont partisans d’une conversion systématique, et tendent vers la pratique d’une agriculture plus raisonnée et bio. Les seconds ne s’expriment peut-être pas autant que les premiers, autant que les lobbies de la betterave, mais ils existent bien.La responsabilité des néonicotinoïdes dans le déclin de la biodiversité est parfaitement documentée scientifiquement grâce à plus de 1 200 études que l’on ne peut remettre en question. Nos amis européens n’en doutent d’ailleurs pas puisqu’ils ont interdit il y a maintenant deux ans ces trois substances qui sont parmi les plus dangereuses.Monsieur le ministre, on nous rappelle assez souvent que notre loi nationale doit aller plus loin que les directives européennes ; n’allons pas vers l’écueil opposé. Nous avions quelques années d’avance lorsque nous avons interdit les néonicotinoïdes : nous amorcions alors avec lucidité la transformation agroécologique de nos pratiques, car c’est bien l’indispensable transformation vers laquelle nous devons aller en urgence. Vous prônez vous-même constamment un changement de modèle agricole. Pourtant, la mesure que vous proposez nous ferait retomber dans la dépendance des néonicotinoïdes, ce qui signifie que nous aiderions de moins en moins nos agriculteurs à poursuivre une véritable transformation écologique.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 353,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210599",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c54bbe8532e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "SV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à empêcher l’autorisation de l’utilisation en France de produits à base de substances interdites depuis 2018 dans l’Union européenne, à savoir l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine –⁠ à prononcer, c’est un défi !Plusieurs collègues ont rappelé les chiffres effrayants du déclin de la biodiversité. Personne ne peut nier le rôle joué en la matière par la destruction des milieux naturels mais, pour ce qui est du déclin de la biodiversité en milieu agricole, nos pratiques culturelles y sont pour beaucoup, en premier lieu les substances que nous répandons sur nos plantes, qui se retrouvent dans nos sols.Ce soir, nous avons beaucoup opposé l’agriculture et l’écologie. Pourtant nous avons tous rencontré de nombreux agriculteurs et nous savons qu’ils ne tiennent pas un discours unique. Parmi eux, il y a ceux qui souhaitent le retour à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, mais il y en a beaucoup d’autres –⁠ dans quelle proportion, c’est toute la question – qui ne le souhaitent pas : ils sont partisans d’une conversion systématique, et tendent vers la pratique d’une agriculture plus raisonnée et bio. Les seconds ne s’expriment peut-être pas autant que les premiers, autant que les lobbies de la betterave, mais ils existent bien.La responsabilité des néonicotinoïdes dans le déclin de la biodiversité est parfaitement documentée scientifiquement grâce à plus de 1 200 études que l’on ne peut remettre en question. Nos amis européens n’en doutent d’ailleurs pas puisqu’ils ont interdit il y a maintenant deux ans ces trois substances qui sont parmi les plus dangereuses.Monsieur le ministre, on nous rappelle assez souvent que notre loi nationale doit aller plus loin que les directives européennes ; n’allons pas vers l’écueil opposé. Nous avions quelques années d’avance lorsque nous avons interdit les néonicotinoïdes : nous amorcions alors avec lucidité la transformation agroécologique de nos pratiques, car c’est bien l’indispensable transformation vers laquelle nous devons aller en urgence. Vous prônez vous-même constamment un changement de modèle agricole. Pourtant, la mesure que vous proposez nous ferait retomber dans la dépendance des néonicotinoïdes, ce qui signifie que nous aiderions de moins en moins nos agriculteurs à poursuivre une véritable transformation écologique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718744",
   "speaker": "Delphine Bagarry",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Bagarry",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210605",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210605"
   ],
   "order": 299,
   "text": "Sa rédaction est différente, mais il va dans le même sens. En 2016, puis en 2018, lorsque l’interdiction a été prononcée dans toute l’Union européenne, nous avions bien mesuré les bénéfices et les risques liés à l’utilisation de ces molécules dont nous connaissons la toxicité, le large spectre et la rémanence. Nous savons que la balance penche définitivement du mauvais côté en raison des effets de ces substances sur le vivant.L’amendement vise à limiter les dérogations aux seuls produits utilisés aujourd’hui dans l’Union européenne.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210605",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N73a632e16b76",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Sa rédaction est différente, mais il va dans le même sens. En 2016, puis en 2018, lorsque l’interdiction a été prononcée dans toute l’Union européenne, nous avions bien mesuré les bénéfices et les risques liés à l’utilisation de ces molécules dont nous connaissons la toxicité, le large spectre et la rémanence. Nous savons que la balance penche définitivement du mauvais côté en raison des effets de ces substances sur le vivant.L’amendement vise à limiter les dérogations aux seuls produits utilisés aujourd’hui dans l’Union européenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719020",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Porte",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Porte",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210614",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210614"
   ],
   "order": 307,
   "text": "Le Conseil général de l’environnement et du développement durable étant une instance qualifiée pour mesurer l’impact environnemental des décisions prises, il paraît important de le saisir pour avis d’arrêtés dérogatoires au droit établi.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210614",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne9ce0106e5c0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil général de l’environnement et du développement durable étant une instance qualifiée pour mesurer l’impact environnemental des décisions prises, il paraît important de le saisir pour avis d’arrêtés dérogatoires au droit établi."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210619",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210619"
   ],
   "order": 312,
   "text": "Il me permet de revenir sur des arguments relevant de l’agronomie, puisque vous souhaitez placer notre débat sur ce plan. Jean-Baptiste Moreau faisait état tout à l’heure d’éléments scientifiques montrant que les néonicotinoïdes seraient absorbés par les argiles. J’aimerais savoir à quels documents scientifiques il se réfère, car la majorité des études scientifiques…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210619",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf2a09d01cf87",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il me permet de revenir sur des arguments relevant de l’agronomie, puisque vous souhaitez placer notre débat sur ce plan. [PERSONNE] faisait état tout à l’heure d’éléments scientifiques montrant que les néonicotinoïdes seraient absorbés par les argiles. J’aimerais savoir à quels documents scientifiques il se réfère, car la majorité des études scientifiques…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210621",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210621"
   ],
   "order": 314,
   "text": "…prouve que les néonicotinoïdes, après avoir été lessivés, se retrouvent massivement dans les nappes phréatiques, donc nécessairement dans l’eau que nous buvons.Monsieur Moreau, ce lessivage n’est pas provoqué par des inondations. Vous parliez vous-même de capacité de rétention de nos champs : ce n’est pas à vous que je devrai apprendre qu’elle est atteinte lorsque la pluie a amené le sol à saturation jusqu’à son point de ressuyage. Il n’y a donc pas besoin d’inondations ou d’événements extraordinaires pour que se produise un lessivage des néonicotinoïdes vers les nappes phréatiques : cela se produit annuellement, car nos sols dépassent fréquemment leur capacité de rétention –⁠ leur perméabilité à saturation n’étant pas nulle, les néonicotinoïdes sont filtrés et se retrouvent dans les nappes phréatiques.Avant d’être député, j’ai travaillé sur la capacité hydrique des sols à l’INRA, devenu INRAE. J’aimerais que vous puissiez me donner des éléments montrant que la capacité de rétention des sols n’est jamais dépassée, et que le lessivage ne se produit que si la charge de gravité la dépasse de… quoi, 50, ou 100 millimètres ? En tout cas, les études scientifiques contredisent absolument cette approche. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 195,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210621",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne7a1d95cde2a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…prouve que les néonicotinoïdes, après avoir été lessivés, se retrouvent massivement dans les nappes phréatiques, donc nécessairement dans l’eau que nous buvons.Monsieur Moreau, ce lessivage n’est pas provoqué par des inondations. Vous parliez vous-même de capacité de rétention de nos champs : ce n’est pas à vous que je devrai apprendre qu’elle est atteinte lorsque la pluie a amené le sol à saturation jusqu’à son point de ressuyage. Il n’y a donc pas besoin d’inondations ou d’événements extraordinaires pour que se produise un lessivage des néonicotinoïdes vers les nappes phréatiques : cela se produit annuellement, car nos sols dépassent fréquemment leur capacité de rétention –⁠ leur perméabilité à saturation n’étant pas nulle, les néonicotinoïdes sont filtrés et se retrouvent dans les nappes phréatiques.Avant d’être député, j’ai travaillé sur la capacité hydrique des sols à l’INRA, devenu INRAE. J’aimerais que vous puissiez me donner des éléments montrant que la capacité de rétention des sols n’est jamais dépassée, et que le lessivage ne se produit que si la charge de gravité la dépasse de… quoi, 50, ou 100 millimètres ? En tout cas, les études scientifiques contredisent absolument cette approche. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210631",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210631"
   ],
   "order": 323,
   "text": "Je voudrais que vous me citiez ces études montrant que les néonicotinoïdes, après lessivage, se retrouvent massivement dans les eaux. Ce que j’ai dit est la vérité : les néonicotinoïdes se fixent sur les argiles et ne sont lessivés qu’en cas de dépassement de la capacité de rétention des sols, dépassement qui ne se produit pas tous les quatre matins comme vous le prétendez –⁠ ce que vous reconnaîtrez si vous avez l’honnêteté intellectuelle d’un scientifique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 83,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210631",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N23bc931dbe60",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais que vous me citiez ces études montrant que les néonicotinoïdes, après lessivage, se retrouvent massivement dans les eaux. Ce que j’ai dit est la vérité : les néonicotinoïdes se fixent sur les argiles et ne sont lessivés qu’en cas de dépassement de la capacité de rétention des sols, dépassement qui ne se produit pas tous les quatre matins comme vous le prétendez –⁠ ce que vous reconnaîtrez si vous avez l’honnêteté intellectuelle d’un scientifique. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210638",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210638"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Il est fondé sur l’article 50 du règlement, relatif aux horaires de la séance publique. Il est près de vingt-trois heures trente et, selon l’alinéa 4 de l’article, nous devrions lever la séance à minuit. Mais il nous reste encore à examiner quatre-vingt-dix amendements et l’alinéa 5 indique que « L’Assemblée peut toutefois décider de prolonger ses séances soit sur proposition de la conférence des présidents pour un ordre du jour déterminé, soit sur proposition de la commission saisie au fond, d’un président de groupe ou du Gouvernement pour continuer le débat en cours ».Il me semble souhaitable que nous terminions l’examen du texte. Sachant que nous aurons du mal à venir à bout des amendements d’ici à minuit, nous demandons une prolongation de la séance.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 126,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210638",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nff307b168cc7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est fondé sur l’article 50 du règlement, relatif aux horaires de la séance publique. Il est près de vingt-trois heures trente et, selon l’alinéa 4 de l’article, nous devrions lever la séance à minuit. Mais il nous reste encore à examiner quatre-vingt-dix amendements et l’alinéa 5 indique que « L’Assemblée peut toutefois décider de prolonger ses séances soit sur proposition de la conférence des présidents pour un ordre du jour déterminé, soit sur proposition de la commission saisie au fond, d’un président de groupe ou du Gouvernement pour continuer le débat en cours ».Il me semble souhaitable que nous terminions l’examen du texte. Sachant que nous aurons du mal à venir à bout des amendements d’ici à minuit, nous demandons une prolongation de la séance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "M. Roland Lescure, président de la commission des affaires économiques",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210642",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210642"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "Ce projet de loi a été débattu en détail par nos collègues de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire puis, toujours en détail, par nos collègues de la commission des affaires économique. Depuis que nous avons commencé à l’examiner, je crois que la plupart des sujets importants ont été abordés (Mme Delphine Batho et Mme Yolaine de Courson protestent). On peut continuer.Lors de la conférence des présidents, certains groupes ont insisté pour qu’un vote ait lieu demain dans les conditions d’un scrutin solennel –⁠ j’étais présent quand M. Orphelin l’a fait. C’est tout l’honneur de cette assemblée. Il est clair cependant que si nous ne finissons pas l’examen du texte ce soir, ce scrutin ne pourrait pas avoir lieu. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) La conférence des présidents est évidemment souveraine, mais je vous donne mon avis.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 143,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210642",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbdcdf8806cf5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce projet de loi a été débattu en détail par nos collègues de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire puis, toujours en détail, par nos collègues de la commission des affaires économique. Depuis que nous avons commencé à l’examiner, je crois que la plupart des sujets importants ont été abordés (Mme [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] protestent). On peut continuer.Lors de la conférence des présidents, certains groupes ont insisté pour qu’un vote ait lieu demain dans les conditions d’un scrutin solennel –⁠ j’étais présent quand M. Orphelin l’a fait. C’est tout l’honneur de cette assemblée. Il est clair cependant que si nous ne finissons pas l’examen du texte ce soir, ce scrutin ne pourrait pas avoir lieu. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) La conférence des présidents est évidemment souveraine, mais je vous donne mon avis."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "M. Roland Lescure, président de la commission des affaires économiques",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210645",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210645"
   ],
   "order": 337,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas du chantage, c’est seulement une analyse factuelle du débat parlementaire tel que je le pratique et tel que, malheureusement, vous le pratiquez depuis trois ans.Il s’agit d’un choix collectif mais pour ma part, je pense que nous pouvons et que nous devons terminer. C’est mon avis et j’espère que tous les groupes parlementaires me rejoindront. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210645",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N551e93de9968",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas du chantage, c’est seulement une analyse factuelle du débat parlementaire tel que je le pratique et tel que, malheureusement, vous le pratiquez depuis trois ans.Il s’agit d’un choix collectif mais pour ma part, je pense que nous pouvons et que nous devons terminer. C’est mon avis et j’espère que tous les groupes parlementaires me rejoindront. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210648",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210648"
   ],
   "order": 339,
   "text": "L’article 50 comporte un alinéa 4 ainsi rédigé : « L’Assemblée se réunit le matin de neuf heures à treize heures, l’après-midi de quinze heures à vingt heures et en soirée de vingt et une heures trente à minuit .» L’alinéa 5, qui permet à l’Assemblée de prolonger ses séances, se termine par cette phrase : « La prolongation de la séance du soir au-delà de l’horaire mentionné à l’alinéa 4 n’est admise que pour achever une discussion en cours. » Monsieur le président, pouvez-vous nous préciser ce qu’est une « discussion en cours » ? S’agit-il de la discussion d’un article, d’un amendement, de l’ensemble d’un projet de loi ? Tout cela demande un peu d’exégèse, comme certains textes de la Bible. (Sourires. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 134,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210648",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfbe62da8ca8c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 50 comporte un alinéa 4 ainsi rédigé : « L’Assemblée se réunit le matin de neuf heures à treize heures, l’après-midi de quinze heures à vingt heures et en soirée de vingt et une heures trente à minuit .» L’alinéa 5, qui permet à l’Assemblée de prolonger ses séances, se termine par cette phrase : « La prolongation de la séance du soir au-delà de l’horaire mentionné à l’alinéa 4 n’est admise que pour achever une discussion en cours. » Monsieur le président, pouvez-vous nous préciser ce qu’est une « discussion en cours » ? S’agit-il de la discussion d’un article, d’un amendement, de l’ensemble d’un projet de loi ? Tout cela demande un peu d’exégèse, comme certains textes de la Bible. (Sourires. – Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210650",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210650"
   ],
   "order": 341,
   "text": "Pour la clarté des débats, il me semble préférable que nous terminions ce soir. (« Oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.) De nombreux amendements à venir concernent des remises de rapports, et le gros des sujets me semble maintenant derrière nous. Il me semble, monsieur le président Chassaigne, qu’il y a en tout cas une certaine homogénéité dans ce qu’il nous reste à examiner.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210650",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1bfa1e89bec6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour la clarté des débats, il me semble préférable que nous terminions ce soir. (« Oui ! » sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) De nombreux amendements à venir concernent des remises de rapports, et le gros des sujets me semble maintenant derrière nous. Il me semble, monsieur le président Chassaigne, qu’il y a en tout cas une certaine homogénéité dans ce qu’il nous reste à examiner."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720334",
   "speaker": "Jimmy Pahun",
   "quality": "M. Jimmy Pahun",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210762",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210762"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Cet amendement tend à obliger le demandeur à présenter un plan de prévention et de transition pour obtenir la dérogation souhaitée. En cela, il formalise l’initiative prise par la filière de la betterave sucrière et consolide le rôle du conseil de surveillance, chargé notamment de suivre l’état d’avancement du plan de prévention mis en œuvre par la filière de production betteravière. Pour la même raison, je propose que le renouvellement de dérogation soit conditionné par le respect de ce plan de prévention.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 82,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210762",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1ccc91d1efb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement tend à obliger le demandeur à présenter un plan de prévention et de transition pour obtenir la dérogation souhaitée. En cela, il formalise l’initiative prise par la filière de la betterave sucrière et consolide le rôle du conseil de surveillance, chargé notamment de suivre l’état d’avancement du plan de prévention mis en œuvre par la filière de production betteravière. Pour la même raison, je propose que le renouvellement de dérogation soit conditionné par le respect de ce plan de prévention."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210764",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210764"
   ],
   "order": 351,
   "text": "Il me semble que votre amendement est satisfait : le 22 septembre, l’interprofession a remis au ministre de l’agriculture le plan de prévention de l’ensemble de la filière betterave à sucre, qui vise à accélérer la transition vers une culture de la betterave sans néonicotinoïdes au cours des trois années à venir. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210764",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N94d6384c2dcb",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il me semble que votre amendement est satisfait : le 22 septembre, l’interprofession a remis au ministre de l’agriculture le plan de prévention de l’ensemble de la filière betterave à sucre, qui vise à accélérer la transition vers une culture de la betterave sans néonicotinoïdes au cours des trois années à venir. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719092",
   "speaker": "Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "quality": "Mme Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210769",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210769"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Les néonicotinoïdes sont présents dans les sols et aussi dans les eaux ; ils s’accumulent et persistent dans les milieux naturels de quelques mois à plus de vingt ans.Cet amendement vise à éviter que des dérogations ne permettent l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes dans les sites Natura 2000 ainsi que dans les zones humides. Depuis la révision de l’arrêté du 4 mai 2017 relatif à la mise sur le marché et à l’utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques, certains points d’eau, dont les chevelus de tête de bassins versants, ont été déclassés et ne sont plus protégés par les périmètres restreignant l’usage de produits phytosanitaires. Il convient donc de protéger les sites Natura 2000 et les zones humides.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210769",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd4958f0543b7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les néonicotinoïdes sont présents dans les sols et aussi dans les eaux ; ils s’accumulent et persistent dans les milieux naturels de quelques mois à plus de vingt ans.Cet amendement vise à éviter que des dérogations ne permettent l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes dans les sites Natura 2000 ainsi que dans les zones humides. Depuis la révision de l’arrêté du 4 mai 2017 relatif à la mise sur le marché et à l’utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques, certains points d’eau, dont les chevelus de tête de bassins versants, ont été déclassés et ne sont plus protégés par les périmètres restreignant l’usage de produits phytosanitaires. Il convient donc de protéger les sites Natura 2000 et les zones humides."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210773",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210773"
   ],
   "order": 359,
   "text": "Ces enjeux sont aussi au cœur de nos préoccupations –⁠ des miennes, en particulier, puisque j’ai des sites Natura 2000 sur mon territoire. La loi ne me semble pas devoir entrer dans le degré de détails que vous proposez car nous ne pourrions pas être exhaustifs et nous laisserions de côté de nombreuses autres situations qui doivent également faire l’objet d’une protection.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210773",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0e439896c6fc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ces enjeux sont aussi au cœur de nos préoccupations –⁠ des miennes, en particulier, puisque j’ai des sites Natura 2000 sur mon territoire. La loi ne me semble pas devoir entrer dans le degré de détails que vous proposez car nous ne pourrions pas être exhaustifs et nous laisserions de côté de nombreuses autres situations qui doivent également faire l’objet d’une protection."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210775",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210775"
   ],
   "order": 363,
   "text": "Même avis pour les mêmes raisons. J’ajoute, madame la députée, que l’on ne cultive pas des betteraves sur un sol gorgé d’eau. Dans la réalité, votre demande est donc satisfaite.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210775",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfa71b55bd5c1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis pour les mêmes raisons. J’ajoute, madame la députée, que l’on ne cultive pas des betteraves sur un sol gorgé d’eau. Dans la réalité, votre demande est donc satisfaite."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210777"
   ],
   "order": 365,
   "text": "L’amendement de Frédérique Tuffnell cible les zones humides et les sites Natura 2000, mais aussi les parcs naturels régionaux, les réserves naturelles régionales et nationales et les réserves de biosphère. Dans les régions où la betterave à sucre est très cultivée, il y a dix sites Natura 2000, trois parcs naturels, trois réserves naturelles et j’en passe. Il est donc pertinent de se demander si vos dérogations vont entraîner des mises en cultures avec néonicotinoïdes dans ces espaces censés être protégés.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210777",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5649a40c1e8c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement de [PERSONNE] cible les zones humides et les sites Natura 2000, mais aussi les parcs naturels régionaux, les réserves naturelles régionales et nationales et les réserves de biosphère. Dans les régions où la betterave à sucre est très cultivée, il y a dix sites Natura 2000, trois parcs naturels, trois réserves naturelles et j’en passe. Il est donc pertinent de se demander si vos dérogations vont entraîner des mises en cultures avec néonicotinoïdes dans ces espaces censés être protégés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210780",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210780"
   ],
   "order": 369,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à subordonner les dérogations à une étude scientifique indépendante. Pourquoi un avis scientifique poussé et indépendant est-il vraiment important ? En particulier parce que ces néonicotinoïdes, certes des poisons terribles, viennent aussi avec leur lot de surprises scientifiques extraordinaires. C’est même une histoire passionnante.Qui aurait pu imaginer qu’à des doses d’un milliardième de gramme, on obtienne des effets tangibles sur les abeilles ? Cela a été démontré il y a quelques années, et cette découverte inattendue a fait l’objet d’une publication dans la revue Science.Qui aurait pu imaginer que ces organochlorés se retrouvent ailleurs que dans les sols argileux où, en théorie, ils auraient dû sagement rester, comme l’a justement indiqué M. Moreau ? C’en est au point de poser des problèmes dans les études comparatives car on ne sait plus vraiment quel champ est contaminé et quel champ ne l’est pas. Il existe des exemples célèbres sur le sujet.Qui aurait pu imaginer que l’on obtienne de tels niveaux de contamination et des effets aussi extraordinaires que dans le cas déjà cité, qui a également fait l’objet d’un article dans Science, où un lac se retrouve dépeuplé deux ans seulement après l’introduction d’imidacloprides et autres à proximité ?J’insiste sur l’indépendance parce que c’est un domaine dans lequel il y a une extraordinaire histoire d’intérêts liés dans les conseils scientifiques. En 2003, le conseil scientifique et technique planchait sur ce sujet pour le gouvernement de l’époque : de façon remarquable, il était allé au-dessous de la limite de détection qui lui était fixée pour son étude ! Quand on voit de telles choses, on se pose des questions sur l’indépendance…Ce qui m’amène à faire de la publicité pour les travaux sur l’intégrité scientifique conduits par notre collègue Pierre Henriet dans le cadre de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques –⁠ OPECST. Ils viendront éclairer utilement la question de l’indépendance de l’action de l’évaluation scientifique.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 318,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210780",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N75767d310a85",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IMS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à subordonner les dérogations à une étude scientifique indépendante. Pourquoi un avis scientifique poussé et indépendant est-il vraiment important ? En particulier parce que ces néonicotinoïdes, certes des poisons terribles, viennent aussi avec leur lot de surprises scientifiques extraordinaires. C’est même une histoire passionnante.Qui aurait pu imaginer qu’à des doses d’un milliardième de gramme, on obtienne des effets tangibles sur les abeilles ? Cela a été démontré il y a quelques années, et cette découverte inattendue a fait l’objet d’une publication dans la revue Science.Qui aurait pu imaginer que ces organochlorés se retrouvent ailleurs que dans les sols argileux où, en théorie, ils auraient dû sagement rester, comme l’a justement indiqué M. Moreau ? C’en est au point de poser des problèmes dans les études comparatives car on ne sait plus vraiment quel champ est contaminé et quel champ ne l’est pas. Il existe des exemples célèbres sur le sujet.Qui aurait pu imaginer que l’on obtienne de tels niveaux de contamination et des effets aussi extraordinaires que dans le cas déjà cité, qui a également fait l’objet d’un article dans Science, où un lac se retrouve dépeuplé deux ans seulement après l’introduction d’imidacloprides et autres à proximité ?J’insiste sur l’indépendance parce que c’est un domaine dans lequel il y a une extraordinaire histoire d’intérêts liés dans les conseils scientifiques. En 2003, le conseil scientifique et technique planchait sur ce sujet pour le gouvernement de l’époque : de façon remarquable, il était allé au-dessous de la limite de détection qui lui était fixée pour son étude ! Quand on voit de telles choses, on se pose des questions sur l’indépendance…Ce qui m’amène à faire de la publicité pour les travaux sur l’intégrité scientifique conduits par notre collègue [PERSONNE] dans le cadre de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques –⁠ OPECST. Ils viendront éclairer utilement la question de l’indépendance de l’action de l’évaluation scientifique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267429",
   "speaker": "Dino Cinieri",
   "quality": "M. Dino Cinieri",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210787"
   ],
   "order": 371,
   "text": "Je ne voudrais pas que l’on oppose les agriculteurs –⁠ qui demandent des solutions pour protéger les cultures, et c’est bien légitime – aux apiculteurs –⁠ qui déplorent la surmortalité des abeilles depuis plusieurs décennies – et à l’écologie en général. Il est normal que de nombreux apiculteurs s’inquiètent de la dérogation dont nous discutons ce soir. Nous voulons les rassurer en écrivant noir sur blanc dans le texte qu’ils seront associés aux décisions prises.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210787",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0198a58b1813",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne voudrais pas que l’on oppose les agriculteurs –⁠ qui demandent des solutions pour protéger les cultures, et c’est bien légitime – aux apiculteurs –⁠ qui déplorent la surmortalité des abeilles depuis plusieurs décennies – et à l’écologie en général. Il est normal que de nombreux apiculteurs s’inquiètent de la dérogation dont nous discutons ce soir. Nous voulons les rassurer en écrivant noir sur blanc dans le texte qu’ils seront associés aux décisions prises."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719448",
   "speaker": "Annie Chapelier",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Chapelier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210789",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210789"
   ],
   "order": 373,
   "text": "Au regard des conséquences notoires des néonicotinoïdes sur les écosystèmes, nous aimerions que cette négation du principe de non-régression –⁠ pourtant inscrit dans la loi – ne se fasse pas, en outre, en négation des principes fondamentaux du droit de l’environnement.C’est pourquoi nous demandons que les dérogations à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, que le Gouvernement entend délivrer, fassent au moins l’objet d’une évaluation environnementale préalable. Celle-ci permettrait d’évaluer les effets notables que peut avoir la mise en œuvre de chaque dérogation sur l’environnement, ainsi que des solutions de substitution.S’inscrivant dans la logique du triptyque « éviter, réduire et compenser », elle permettrait aussi de proposer des mesures pour réduire et compenser les incidences négatives notables sur l’environnement –⁠ bien que cette démarche soit loin d’être la plus vertueuse.Au regard de la situation de la biodiversité en France, monsieur le ministre, cela semble être le strict minimum. (Mme Frédérique Tuffnell applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 149,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210789",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9f02212bb017",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Au regard des conséquences notoires des néonicotinoïdes sur les écosystèmes, nous aimerions que cette négation du principe de non-régression –⁠ pourtant inscrit dans la loi – ne se fasse pas, en outre, en négation des principes fondamentaux du droit de l’environnement.C’est pourquoi nous demandons que les dérogations à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, que le Gouvernement entend délivrer, fassent au moins l’objet d’une évaluation environnementale préalable. Celle-ci permettrait d’évaluer les effets notables que peut avoir la mise en œuvre de chaque dérogation sur l’environnement, ainsi que des solutions de substitution.S’inscrivant dans la logique du triptyque « éviter, réduire et compenser », elle permettrait aussi de proposer des mesures pour réduire et compenser les incidences négatives notables sur l’environnement –⁠ bien que cette démarche soit loin d’être la plus vertueuse.Au regard de la situation de la biodiversité en France, monsieur le ministre, cela semble être le strict minimum. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210794",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210794"
   ],
   "order": 375,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Comme vous, monsieur Villani, je pense qu’il faut des instituts de recherche compétents et indépendants. C’est pour cela que nous avons demandé à l’ANSES et à l’INRAE d’être au conseil de surveillance. Votre amendement étant satisfait, j’en demande le retrait. Et s’il n’est pas adopté, le sous-amendement no 141 tombera, mais je pense bien évidemment que les représentants des apiculteurs doivent participer au tour de table.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210794",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0e06637770ac",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Comme vous, monsieur Villani, je pense qu’il faut des instituts de recherche compétents et indépendants. C’est pour cela que nous avons demandé à l’ANSES et à l’INRAE d’être au conseil de surveillance. Votre amendement étant satisfait, j’en demande le retrait. Et s’il n’est pas adopté, le sous-amendement no 141 tombera, mais je pense bien évidemment que les représentants des apiculteurs doivent participer au tour de table."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210799",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210799"
   ],
   "order": 379,
   "text": "Je comprends le malaise que peuvent ressentir certains collègues du groupe de La République en marche en entendant Cédric Villani expliquer l’histoire des découvertes sur les néonicotinoïdes et leurs impacts environnementaux. En substance, il nous dit que nous n’avons peut-être pas encore tout découvert, mais que ce que nous savons déjà est plus qu’inquiétant pour la biodiversité, l’environnement, les nappes phréatiques et les cultures suivantes.Vous lui répondez que l’indépendance de la recherche est un sujet très intéressant. Ce n’est pas la question ! Au détour de son développement, il s’est inquiété du manque d’indépendance de la recherche, une entrave qui a retardé les découvertes sur les néonicotinoïdes.En fait, les lobbies sont extrêmement puissants, comme l’avait déploré Nicolas Hulot en quittant le Gouvernement en raison de leur action particulièrement intense. Cette fois, le lobby des néonicotinoïdes a trouvé l’oreille sensible de l’actuel ministre, dont la position pourrait se résumer ainsi : « aux phytos dits, aux phytos faits » !La rationalité est-elle du côté du Gouvernement ou de celui de tous les agriculteurs, de tous les apiculteurs, de tous les citoyens et citoyennes qui s’opposent à cette réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 190,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210799",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncb8e212c54bf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends le malaise que peuvent ressentir certains collègues du groupe de [GROUPE] en entendant [PERSONNE] expliquer l’histoire des découvertes sur les néonicotinoïdes et leurs impacts environnementaux. En substance, il nous dit que nous n’avons peut-être pas encore tout découvert, mais que ce que nous savons déjà est plus qu’inquiétant pour la biodiversité, l’environnement, les nappes phréatiques et les cultures suivantes.Vous lui répondez que l’indépendance de la recherche est un sujet très intéressant. Ce n’est pas la question ! Au détour de son développement, il s’est inquiété du manque d’indépendance de la recherche, une entrave qui a retardé les découvertes sur les néonicotinoïdes.En fait, les lobbies sont extrêmement puissants, comme l’avait déploré [PERSONNE] en quittant le Gouvernement en raison de leur action particulièrement intense. Cette fois, le lobby des néonicotinoïdes a trouvé l’oreille sensible de l’actuel ministre, dont la position pourrait se résumer ainsi : « aux phytos dits, aux phytos faits » !La rationalité est-elle du côté du Gouvernement ou de celui de tous les agriculteurs, de tous les apiculteurs, de tous les citoyens et citoyennes qui s’opposent à cette réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA643089",
   "speaker": "Jean-Louis Thiériot",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Louis Thiériot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210804",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210804"
   ],
   "order": 381,
   "text": "Vous avez toujours le terme « lobby » à la bouche, mais vous rendez-vous compte à quel point, depuis une semaine, nos boîtes mail sont inondées de spams ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur de nombreux bancs du groupe LaREM.) Il y a bien sûr des associations, des citoyens qui veulent nous parler, et nous échangeons avec eux. Mais le reste, ce sont des logiciels envoyant des lettres types ! Nous sommes bombardés de mails. Je n’ai jamais vu ce type de lobbying venant de qui que ce soit d’autre, agriculteurs ou industriels. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210804",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N85a0bc5683a3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez toujours le terme « lobby » à la bouche, mais vous rendez-vous compte à quel point, depuis une semaine, nos boîtes mail sont inondées de spams ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur de nombreux bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Il y a bien sûr des associations, des citoyens qui veulent nous parler, et nous échangeons avec eux. Mais le reste, ce sont des logiciels envoyant des lettres types ! Nous sommes bombardés de mails. Je n’ai jamais vu ce type de lobbying venant de qui que ce soit d’autre, agriculteurs ou industriels. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720286",
   "speaker": "Caroline Fiat",
   "quality": "Mme Caroline Fiat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210810",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210810"
   ],
   "order": 387,
   "text": "Mon rappel se fonde sur l’article 52, alinéa 1 du règlement. Si certains essaient de travailler sur les amendements, je constate depuis quelques minutes que les débats ne semblent pas intéresser tout le monde. Je sais que la buvette est fermée, mais les députés qui ont envie de se raconter leur week-end ou quoi que ce soit d’autre peuvent toujours aller dans les salons… (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210810",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2459ade33f19",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon rappel se fonde sur l’article 52, alinéa 1 du règlement. Si certains essaient de travailler sur les amendements, je constate depuis quelques minutes que les débats ne semblent pas intéresser tout le monde. Je sais que la buvette est fermée, mais les députés qui ont envie de se raconter leur week-end ou quoi que ce soit d’autre peuvent toujours aller dans les salons… (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605518",
   "speaker": "François-Michel Lambert",
   "quality": "M. François-Michel Lambert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210816",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210816"
   ],
   "order": 393,
   "text": "Quitte à ne pas être au diapason de ceux qui veulent finir ce soir, je préférerais que nous prenions le temps de débattre car il y a des choses que je ne comprends pas. On nous dit que nous avons déjà discuté en commission et dans d’autres lieux, mais je remarque que nous sommes très nombreux. Quand il y a autant de monde dans l’hémicycle un lundi soir, c’est que le sujet a une forte résonance médiatique. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe LR.)Soit nous examinons ces quatre-vingts amendements à vitesse grand V au risque de discréditer la représentation nationale aux yeux d’une grande partie des Français, ou nous prenons le temps. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 119,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210816",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc9dec6d38e05",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quitte à ne pas être au diapason de ceux qui veulent finir ce soir, je préférerais que nous prenions le temps de débattre car il y a des choses que je ne comprends pas. On nous dit que nous avons déjà discuté en commission et dans d’autres lieux, mais je remarque que nous sommes très nombreux. Quand il y a autant de monde dans l’hémicycle un lundi soir, c’est que le sujet a une forte résonance médiatique. (Exclamations sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Soit nous examinons ces quatre-vingts amendements à vitesse grand V au risque de discréditer la représentation nationale aux yeux d’une grande partie des Français, ou nous prenons le temps. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605518",
   "speaker": "François-Michel Lambert",
   "quality": "M. François-Michel Lambert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210819",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2210819"
   ],
   "order": 395,
   "text": "Cet amendement d’Olivier Falorni vise à s’assurer que l’arrêté autorisant l’emploi de semences traitées avec des néonicotinoïdes soit pris sur la base d’un bilan établi par l’ANSES, bilan qui compare les bénéfices et les risques liés aux usages des produits phytopharmaceutiques considérés comme autorisés en France avec ceux liés aux usages de produits de substitution ou aux méthodes alternatives disponibles.Cet amendement, vous l’aurez compris, vise à nous assurer qu’il n’y a pas d’autre solution que l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes.En répondant à Jean-Charles Colas-Roy, dont l’excellent amendement, que j’ai voté, fait intervenir le ministère de la santé dans l’arrêté de dérogation, M. le rapporteur a évoqué aussi l’intervention du ministère du travail. Il se trouve que l’ANSES couvre une grande partie de ces sujets. Je vous invite donc à être cohérent, monsieur le rapporteur, et, dans la continuité de l’amendement no 109, à rassurer les Français sur l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2210819",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N48b8a9f5b1b9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement d’[PERSONNE] vise à s’assurer que l’arrêté autorisant l’emploi de semences traitées avec des néonicotinoïdes soit pris sur la base d’un bilan établi par l’ANSES, bilan qui compare les bénéfices et les risques liés aux usages des produits phytopharmaceutiques considérés comme autorisés en France avec ceux liés aux usages de produits de substitution ou aux méthodes alternatives disponibles.Cet amendement, vous l’aurez compris, vise à nous assurer qu’il n’y a pas d’autre solution que l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes.En répondant à [PERSONNE], dont l’excellent amendement, que j’ai voté, fait intervenir le ministère de la santé dans l’arrêté de dérogation, M. le rapporteur a évoqué aussi l’intervention du ministère du travail. Il se trouve que l’ANSES couvre une grande partie de ces sujets. Je vous invite donc à être cohérent, monsieur le rapporteur, et, dans la continuité de l’amendement no 109, à rassurer les Français sur l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211545",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211545"
   ],
   "order": 397,
   "text": "Avis défavorable, pour la même raison que précédemment. L’ANSES, siégeant au conseil de surveillance, donnera évidemment son avis. Je rappelle en outre que l’avis rendu par le conseil de surveillance sera public et voté à la majorité.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211545",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nde9e5a0a25ea",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable, pour la même raison que précédemment. L’ANSES, siégeant au conseil de surveillance, donnera évidemment son avis. Je rappelle en outre que l’avis rendu par le conseil de surveillance sera public et voté à la majorité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211547",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211547"
   ],
   "order": 399,
   "text": "Avis défavorable également. L’ANSES a été saisie à deux reprises par le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation : une fois pour étudier les impacts des dérogations de 2018 ; l’autre fois pour des mises en gestion de dérogations qui interviendront à la fin du mois de novembre 2020 et en janvier 2021.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211547",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8f8a1a3ca3ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable également. L’ANSES a été saisie à deux reprises par le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation : une fois pour étudier les impacts des dérogations de 2018 ; l’autre fois pour des mises en gestion de dérogations qui interviendront à la fin du mois de novembre 2020 et en janvier 2021."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718744",
   "speaker": "Delphine Bagarry",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Bagarry",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211550",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211550"
   ],
   "order": 402,
   "text": "Il vise à ce que les parcs et les réserves mentionnés aux articles L. 331-1 à L. 336-2 du code de l’environnement puissent interdire, en leur sein, la culture de semences traitées avec les produits phytopharmaceutiques à nouveau autorisés par le projet de loi. En effet, il convient de préserver les espaces protégés que constituent les parcs naturels régionaux et nationaux, les réserves naturelles et, bien sûr, madame Tuffnell, les zones humides. Dans le cadre d’un véritable processus de construction, de concertation et d’expérimentation, ces territoires permettent d’allier l’activité humaine et la préservation du patrimoine naturel, et contribuent à l’identification de solutions nouvelles. Nous proposons donc qu’ils puissent être exclus, s’ils le souhaitent, des dérogations prévues par le texte.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 119,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211550",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N442efc01f52c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à ce que les parcs et les réserves mentionnés aux articles L. 331-1 à L. 336-2 du code de l’environnement puissent interdire, en leur sein, la culture de semences traitées avec les produits phytopharmaceutiques à nouveau autorisés par le projet de loi. En effet, il convient de préserver les espaces protégés que constituent les parcs naturels régionaux et nationaux, les réserves naturelles et, bien sûr, madame Tuffnell, les zones humides. Dans le cadre d’un véritable processus de construction, de concertation et d’expérimentation, ces territoires permettent d’allier l’activité humaine et la préservation du patrimoine naturel, et contribuent à l’identification de solutions nouvelles. Nous proposons donc qu’ils puissent être exclus, s’ils le souhaitent, des dérogations prévues par le texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211552",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211552"
   ],
   "order": 404,
   "text": "Vous avez raison, madame Bagarry, il faut protéger les espaces naturels remarquables, mais rien ne s’oppose aujourd’hui à ce que les parcs inscrivent une telle exclusion dans leurs chartes. Il est inutile de l’indiquer dans la loi puisqu’ils peuvent déjà le faire. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211552",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N62c79d916231",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez raison, madame Bagarry, il faut protéger les espaces naturels remarquables, mais rien ne s’oppose aujourd’hui à ce que les parcs inscrivent une telle exclusion dans leurs chartes. Il est inutile de l’indiquer dans la loi puisqu’ils peuvent déjà le faire. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211554",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211554"
   ],
   "order": 406,
   "text": "En complément, je précise que l’article L. 331-4-1 du code de l’environnement prévoit cette possibilité pour les parcs nationaux, notamment les cœurs de parcs, et l’article L. 332-3 pour les réserves naturelles. En ce qui concerne les parcs naturels régionaux et les chartes mentionnées par le rapporteur, l’article de référence est l’article L. 331-3. Je vous invite à retirer l’amendement, qui est satisfait.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211554",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N23536a0c976f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En complément, je précise que l’article L. 331-4-1 du code de l’environnement prévoit cette possibilité pour les parcs nationaux, notamment les cœurs de parcs, et l’article L. 332-3 pour les réserves naturelles. En ce qui concerne les parcs naturels régionaux et les chartes mentionnées par le rapporteur, l’article de référence est l’article L. 331-3. Je vous invite à retirer l’amendement, qui est satisfait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211557",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211557"
   ],
   "order": 409,
   "text": "Le détenteur de l’autorisation de mise sur le marché de produits contenant des néonicotinoïdes, désormais autorisés par dérogation, et l’exploitant agricole qui met en culture des semences enrobées doivent déclarer, auprès de l’autorité administrative, les lieux où sont pratiquées les cultures préalablement au semis. En effet, l’utilisation de ces pesticides peut causer un préjudice à des tiers et à l’environnement. Ces tiers sont bien sûr les apiculteurs, mais pas seulement, puisque les grandes cultures dépendent de la pollinisation.Vincent Bretagnolle, directeur de recherche au CNRS, a ainsi montré, dans la zone atelier de Chizé, que les écarts de rendement pouvaient atteindre 40 % pour les parcelles de colza faiblement fréquentées par les insectes. Il a constaté, au contraire, une augmentation des marges de 150 à 160 euros par hectare pour les parcelles fortement fréquentées par les abeilles. L’analyse des rendements de cinquante-quatre cultures du territoire français montre que les cultures les plus dépendantes de la pollinisation sont celles qui présentent l’évolution des rendements la plus défavorable.Le présent amendement vise à rendre obligatoire la communication d’informations précises à l’autorité administrative, concernant notamment la localisation des parcelles sur lesquelles seront utilisées les semences traitées aux néonicotinoïdes, afin que les tiers affectés par leur utilisation en raison de leur voisinage puissent engager les procédures nécessaires de réparation –⁠ nous reviendrons sur ce point dans le prochain amendement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 223,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211557",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8fcf8602bcda",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le détenteur de l’autorisation de mise sur le marché de produits contenant des néonicotinoïdes, désormais autorisés par dérogation, et l’exploitant agricole qui met en culture des semences enrobées doivent déclarer, auprès de l’autorité administrative, les lieux où sont pratiquées les cultures préalablement au semis. En effet, l’utilisation de ces pesticides peut causer un préjudice à des tiers et à l’environnement. Ces tiers sont bien sûr les apiculteurs, mais pas seulement, puisque les grandes cultures dépendent de la pollinisation.Vincent Bretagnolle, directeur de recherche au CNRS, a ainsi montré, dans la zone atelier de Chizé, que les écarts de rendement pouvaient atteindre 40 % pour les parcelles de colza faiblement fréquentées par les insectes. Il a constaté, au contraire, une augmentation des marges de 150 à 160 euros par hectare pour les parcelles fortement fréquentées par les abeilles. L’analyse des rendements de cinquante-quatre cultures du territoire français montre que les cultures les plus dépendantes de la pollinisation sont celles qui présentent l’évolution des rendements la plus défavorable.Le présent amendement vise à rendre obligatoire la communication d’informations précises à l’autorité administrative, concernant notamment la localisation des parcelles sur lesquelles seront utilisées les semences traitées aux néonicotinoïdes, afin que les tiers affectés par leur utilisation en raison de leur voisinage puissent engager les procédures nécessaires de réparation –⁠ nous reviendrons sur ce point dans le prochain amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211561",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211561"
   ],
   "order": 411,
   "text": "Je vous rappelle, chère collègue, que tous les utilisateurs de produits phytosanitaires à titre professionnel sont tenus de remplir un registre phytosanitaire. En outre, vous le savez, la consultation et la communication de données à caractère personnel doivent être pratiquées de manière adéquate et proportionnée. Or il me semble que votre amendement ferait peser sur la vie privée des agriculteurs un risque important. Vous souhaitez protéger les agriculteurs, avez-vous dit : je donne un avis défavorable justement pour les protéger.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211561",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd7772e93e0d4",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous rappelle, chère collègue, que tous les utilisateurs de produits phytosanitaires à titre professionnel sont tenus de remplir un registre phytosanitaire. En outre, vous le savez, la consultation et la communication de données à caractère personnel doivent être pratiquées de manière adéquate et proportionnée. Or il me semble que votre amendement ferait peser sur la vie privée des agriculteurs un risque important. Vous souhaitez protéger les agriculteurs, avez-vous dit : je donne un avis défavorable justement pour les protéger."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211564",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211564"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "L’administration a évidemment accès aux registres phytosanitaires que les agriculteurs sont tenus de remplir. Mon ministère conduit plus de 6 500 contrôles par an pour déterminer sur quelles parcelles agricoles sont utilisés des produits phytosanitaires. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211564",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4e6db0a89431",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’administration a évidemment accès aux registres phytosanitaires que les agriculteurs sont tenus de remplir. Mon ministère conduit plus de 6 500 contrôles par an pour déterminer sur quelles parcelles agricoles sont utilisés des produits phytosanitaires. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211566",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211566"
   ],
   "order": 415,
   "text": "L’amendement de Delphine Batho est tout à fait justifié. Il s’agit non seulement d’identifier les parcelles qui reçoivent des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi de connaître les qualités propres de ces parcelles, puisque, comme cela a été souligné, les caractéristiques du sol ont une influence sur les semences utilisées. Un laboratoire de l’INRAE, situé à Orléans a précisément pour mission de travailler sur cette question. L’Observatoire de la qualité des sols a cartographié les sols de notre pays et les a répertoriés dans une base de données selon leur texture, leur structure et leur teneur en argile.Dans le droit fil de l’amendement de Delphine Batho, il me semble que le croisement des demandes de mise en culture de semences enrobées avec la carte des sols de France permettrait d’identifier les risques liés au lessivage des sols et à la présence de nappes sensibles et affleurantes. En tout état de cause, il n’est pas possible de balayer cette question du revers de la main : elle doit être examinée sous un angle global, afin de prendre en considération les cultures concernées, leur localisation et le sol sur lequel elles sont cultivées.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 188,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211566",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N220278d45ed0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement de [PERSONNE] est tout à fait justifié. Il s’agit non seulement d’identifier les parcelles qui reçoivent des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi de connaître les qualités propres de ces parcelles, puisque, comme cela a été souligné, les caractéristiques du sol ont une influence sur les semences utilisées. Un laboratoire de l’INRAE, situé à Orléans a précisément pour mission de travailler sur cette question. L’Observatoire de la qualité des sols a cartographié les sols de notre pays et les a répertoriés dans une base de données selon leur texture, leur structure et leur teneur en argile.Dans le droit fil de l’amendement de [PERSONNE], il me semble que le croisement des demandes de mise en culture de semences enrobées avec la carte des sols de France permettrait d’identifier les risques liés au lessivage des sols et à la présence de nappes sensibles et affleurantes. En tout état de cause, il n’est pas possible de balayer cette question du revers de la main : elle doit être examinée sous un angle global, afin de prendre en considération les cultures concernées, leur localisation et le sol sur lequel elles sont cultivées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211570",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211570"
   ],
   "order": 418,
   "text": "Selon l’article 7 de la Charte de l’environnement, toute personne a le droit d’accéder aux informations relatives à l’environnement détenues par les autorités publiques. Force est de constater que cette règle n’est pas appliquée aujourd’hui pour les registres phytosanitaires.Le présent amendement répond à un objectif de transparence et vise à faire reconnaître le préjudice écologique que causera, du fait des futures dérogations délivrées, la contamination de l’air, de l’eau, du sol, des terres et des sites naturels par les résidus et les métabolites de néonicotinoïdes.La notion de préjudice écologique a été reconnue par la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages –⁠ cette même loi à l’origine de l’interdiction des produits contenant des néonicotinoïdes et de l’inscription du principe de non-régression dans le code de l’environnement.Dès lors que nous disposons maintenant de toutes les connaissances scientifiques sur la nocivité de ces poisons et sur leurs effets dévastateurs, parfois pour vingt ans, sur les pollinisateurs, les insectes, les gastéropodes aquatiques, les vers de terre et divers mammifères, nous proposons, par cet amendement, d’inscrire dans la loi que l’autorisation de leur utilisation s’accompagnera de l’application de l’ensemble des dispositions du code civil relatives au préjudice écologique.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 204,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211570",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndda10fb93708",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Selon l’article 7 de la Charte de l’environnement, toute personne a le droit d’accéder aux informations relatives à l’environnement détenues par les autorités publiques. Force est de constater que cette règle n’est pas appliquée aujourd’hui pour les registres phytosanitaires.Le présent amendement répond à un objectif de transparence et vise à faire reconnaître le préjudice écologique que causera, du fait des futures dérogations délivrées, la contamination de l’air, de l’eau, du sol, des terres et des sites naturels par les résidus et les métabolites de néonicotinoïdes.La notion de préjudice écologique a été reconnue par la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages –⁠ cette même loi à l’origine de l’interdiction des produits contenant des néonicotinoïdes et de l’inscription du principe de non-régression dans le code de l’environnement.Dès lors que nous disposons maintenant de toutes les connaissances scientifiques sur la nocivité de ces poisons et sur leurs effets dévastateurs, parfois pour vingt ans, sur les pollinisateurs, les insectes, les gastéropodes aquatiques, les vers de terre et divers mammifères, nous proposons, par cet amendement, d’inscrire dans la loi que l’autorisation de leur utilisation s’accompagnera de l’application de l’ensemble des dispositions du code civil relatives au préjudice écologique."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211575",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211575"
   ],
   "order": 420,
   "text": "Vous souvenez-vous de Tautavel, chers collègues ? C’est dans ce village proche de Perpignan qu’ont été découvertes les premières traces des femmes et des hommes préhistoriques français –⁠ ils doivent aujourd’hui se retourner dans leur grotte ! Depuis le 10 juin dernier, il est interdit de boire l’eau de Tautavel : on a trouvé dans l’eau de la rivière, utilisée et traitée pour approvisionner les habitants en eau potable, la présence de thiaméthoxame, l’un des trois néonicotinoïdes pourtant interdit depuis quatre ans. De toute évidence, l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes a une incidence sur l’environnement et des conséquences sur les collectivités territoriales en charge de l’eau.Certains d’entre vous sont certainement élus locaux. Sachez que les habitants de Tautavel se sont retournés contre les responsables publics locaux, qu’ils jugent responsables de la situation, et envisagent de porter plainte contre eux pour empoissonnement.Vous avez dit, monsieur le ministre, que l’agriculture devait être forte. Elle le sera si elle est exemplaire et responsable. Puisque le projet de loi autorise l’utilisation de produits hautement toxiques, il convient d’établir un régime de responsabilité quant aux conséquences de cette autorisation pour les tiers et l’environnement. Tel est le sens de cet amendement de responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI et sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 212,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211575",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1dd946b2ed48",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BRV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous souvenez-vous de Tautavel, chers collègues ? C’est dans ce village proche de Perpignan qu’ont été découvertes les premières traces des femmes et des hommes préhistoriques français –⁠ ils doivent aujourd’hui se retourner dans leur grotte ! Depuis le 10 juin dernier, il est interdit de boire l’eau de Tautavel : on a trouvé dans l’eau de la rivière, utilisée et traitée pour approvisionner les habitants en eau potable, la présence de thiaméthoxame, l’un des trois néonicotinoïdes pourtant interdit depuis quatre ans. De toute évidence, l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes a une incidence sur l’environnement et des conséquences sur les collectivités territoriales en charge de l’eau.Certains d’entre vous sont certainement élus locaux. Sachez que les habitants de Tautavel se sont retournés contre les responsables publics locaux, qu’ils jugent responsables de la situation, et envisagent de porter plainte contre eux pour empoissonnement.Vous avez dit, monsieur le ministre, que l’agriculture devait être forte. Elle le sera si elle est exemplaire et responsable. Puisque le projet de loi autorise l’utilisation de produits hautement toxiques, il convient d’établir un régime de responsabilité quant aux conséquences de cette autorisation pour les tiers et l’environnement. Tel est le sens de cet amendement de responsabilité. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211579",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211579"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "L’amendement que vous proposez, madame Batho, tend à qualifier d’office toute dérogation accordée en vue de l’usage de néonicotinoïdes de préjudice écologique au sens du code civil. Une telle disposition paraît peu judicieuse, d’autant qu’elle n’apporte rien au droit existant. Il appartient en effet au juge de qualifier une atteinte à l’écosystème ou à l’environnement, et notamment son caractère « non négligeable », pour reconnaître l’existence d’un préjudice écologique. Avis défavorable sur les deux amendements.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211579",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N62b418909ea8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement que vous proposez, madame Batho, tend à qualifier d’office toute dérogation accordée en vue de l’usage de néonicotinoïdes de préjudice écologique au sens du code civil. Une telle disposition paraît peu judicieuse, d’autant qu’elle n’apporte rien au droit existant. Il appartient en effet au juge de qualifier une atteinte à l’écosystème ou à l’environnement, et notamment son caractère « non négligeable », pour reconnaître l’existence d’un préjudice écologique. Avis défavorable sur les deux amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211583",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211583"
   ],
   "order": 426,
   "text": "Les députés du groupe La France insoumise soutiendront ces deux amendements relatifs au préjudice écologique.Mme de Courson vient d’évoquer la pollution de l’eau par le thiaméthoxame. Je rappelle qu’en 2013, un autre néonicotinoïde était entré dans le Top 15 des polluants les plus fréquemment détectés dans les cours d’eau français. Mme Batho a par ailleurs rappelé la pollution que ces produits engendrent pour les sols. Ils causent également des dommages importants à la santé humaine et aux abeilles.À cet égard, je veux revenir sur le témoignage d’un apiculteur de la Fédération française des apiculteurs professionnels, qui s’érige contre le projet de loi. Il explique qu’il n’est pas besoin de fleurs pour que les insectes soient exposés aux néonicotinoïdes. Tout d’abord, de nombreuses études l’attestent et cela a été souligné ici à maintes reprises, ces produits sont très persistants. Ensuite, il existe un risque de contamination lié aux poussières chargées de pesticides au moment des semis de graines enrobées, ainsi qu’un risque d’exposition des abeilles du fait du phénomène de guttation : les gouttelettes produites par la plante à l’extrémité de ses feuilles sont source d’eau pour les abeilles. Enfin, cet apiculteur souligne que 50 % des capitules de fleurs pourraient être contaminés par les néonicotinoïdes du fait de la contamination des eaux de surface et de la remontée des substances toxiques dans les cultures intercalaires.Et ces deux amendements sont d’autant plus pertinents que nous en savons très peu aujourd’hui sur les effets cocktail induits par l’utilisation croisée de néonicotinoïdes et d’autres pesticides. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – M. Cédric Villani applaudit aussi.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 265,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211583",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nea8cddd4bc18",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "SV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] soutiendront ces deux amendements relatifs au préjudice écologique.Mme de Courson vient d’évoquer la pollution de l’eau par le thiaméthoxame. Je rappelle qu’en 2013, un autre néonicotinoïde était entré dans le Top 15 des polluants les plus fréquemment détectés dans les cours d’eau français. Mme Batho a par ailleurs rappelé la pollution que ces produits engendrent pour les sols. Ils causent également des dommages importants à la santé humaine et aux abeilles.À cet égard, je veux revenir sur le témoignage d’un apiculteur de la Fédération française des apiculteurs professionnels, qui s’érige contre le projet de loi. Il explique qu’il n’est pas besoin de fleurs pour que les insectes soient exposés aux néonicotinoïdes. Tout d’abord, de nombreuses études l’attestent et cela a été souligné ici à maintes reprises, ces produits sont très persistants. Ensuite, il existe un risque de contamination lié aux poussières chargées de pesticides au moment des semis de graines enrobées, ainsi qu’un risque d’exposition des abeilles du fait du phénomène de guttation : les gouttelettes produites par la plante à l’extrémité de ses feuilles sont source d’eau pour les abeilles. Enfin, cet apiculteur souligne que 50 % des capitules de fleurs pourraient être contaminés par les néonicotinoïdes du fait de la contamination des eaux de surface et de la remontée des substances toxiques dans les cultures intercalaires.Et ces deux amendements sont d’autant plus pertinents que nous en savons très peu aujourd’hui sur les effets cocktail induits par l’utilisation croisée de néonicotinoïdes et d’autres pesticides. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "M. Roland Lescure, président de la commission des affaires économiques",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211589",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211589"
   ],
   "order": 429,
   "text": "Monsieur le président, afin de profiter pleinement de la qualité de votre présidence (Sourires), je demande, au titre de l’article 50, alinéa 5, du règlement de l’Assemblée, la prolongation de la séance au-delà de minuit pour achever la discussion du projet de loi. Je souhaite que l’Assemblée soit consultée sur cette opportunité.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211589",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Naefd33d5acc9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président, afin de profiter pleinement de la qualité de votre présidence (Sourires), je demande, au titre de l’article 50, alinéa 5, du règlement de l’Assemblée, la prolongation de la séance au-delà de minuit pour achever la discussion du projet de loi. Je souhaite que l’Assemblée soit consultée sur cette opportunité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211594",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211594"
   ],
   "order": 431,
   "text": "Monsieur le président, je ne vous ai pas écrit que j’étais défavorable à la prolongation, mais que je souhaitais l’application du règlement. Si vous me dites solennellement que le règlement permet de poursuivre la discussion jusqu’à la fin du texte, je ne m’y opposerai pas. Mais je ne veux pas que nous nous laissions enfermer dans une interprétation du règlement qui ferait dès lors jurisprudence –⁠ car c’est ainsi que les choses fonctionnent dans la maison. Pour ma part, je faisais du règlement une interprétation un peu différente.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 88,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211594",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6b3182f8efa0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président, je ne vous ai pas écrit que j’étais défavorable à la prolongation, mais que je souhaitais l’application du règlement. Si vous me dites solennellement que le règlement permet de poursuivre la discussion jusqu’à la fin du texte, je ne m’y opposerai pas. Mais je ne veux pas que nous nous laissions enfermer dans une interprétation du règlement qui ferait dès lors jurisprudence –⁠ car c’est ainsi que les choses fonctionnent dans la maison. Pour ma part, je faisais du règlement une interprétation un peu différente."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719092",
   "speaker": "Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "quality": "Mme Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211605",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211605"
   ],
   "order": 441,
   "text": "Il vise à confier aux agences de l’eau l’organisation d’une campagne nationale consistant à surveiller la concentration des substances néonicotinoïdes et de leurs métabolites dans les eaux de surface. Celles-ci sont, nous le savons, très polluées, et personne ici ne peut nier l’extrême toxicité des néonicotinoïdes. Il s’agit d’un amendement de bon sens.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211605",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf0b49efaa08f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à confier aux agences de l’eau l’organisation d’une campagne nationale consistant à surveiller la concentration des substances néonicotinoïdes et de leurs métabolites dans les eaux de surface. Celles-ci sont, nous le savons, très polluées, et personne ici ne peut nier l’extrême toxicité des néonicotinoïdes. Il s’agit d’un amendement de bon sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211607",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211607"
   ],
   "order": 443,
   "text": "Le dispositif de l’amendement prévoit que les prélèvements et analyses des sols et des eaux de ruissellement seront réalisés « à la charge de l’exploitant agricole ». Vu le contexte sanitaire actuel et les difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les acteurs de la filière betterave-sucre, il ne serait pas judicieux de leur ajouter une charge supplémentaire. J’émets donc un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211607",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc463a094b9f0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le dispositif de l’amendement prévoit que les prélèvements et analyses des sols et des eaux de ruissellement seront réalisés « à la charge de l’exploitant agricole ». Vu le contexte sanitaire actuel et les difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les acteurs de la filière betterave-sucre, il ne serait pas judicieux de leur ajouter une charge supplémentaire. J’émets donc un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211610",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211610"
   ],
   "order": 446,
   "text": "Le conseil de surveillance prévu par le projet de loi sera notamment chargé d’évaluer les conséquences des dérogations sur l’environnement. Il lui appartiendra de déterminer ce qui relève de cette évaluation, qui pourra inclure la surveillance des eaux de surface, des eaux souterraines ou d’autres éléments. Tenons-nous-en à cette formulation générale, je ne suis pas favorable à ce que l’on entre dans le détail.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211610",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1e9da755c612",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le conseil de surveillance prévu par le projet de loi sera notamment chargé d’évaluer les conséquences des dérogations sur l’environnement. Il lui appartiendra de déterminer ce qui relève de cette évaluation, qui pourra inclure la surveillance des eaux de surface, des eaux souterraines ou d’autres éléments. Tenons-nous-en à cette formulation générale, je ne suis pas favorable à ce que l’on entre dans le détail."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211612",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211612"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "Nous avons été un peu vite en besogne sur les amendements nos 11 et 24. Or il y a un lien avec le présent amendement. Le rapporteur a indiqué qu’il appartient au juge, et non à un texte, de déterminer s’il y a ou non un préjudice écologique. Je répète ce que le président Mélenchon a annoncé lorsqu’il a présenté la motion de rejet préalable : si le projet de loi vient à être adopté, nous avons l’intention de saisir le Cour de justice de la République. (Murmures sur divers bancs.)En effet, c’est en toute connaissance des éléments à notre disposition, établis selon les critères de la rationalité scientifique, que le Gouvernement soumet au Parlement un projet de loi qui vise à continuer d’empoisonner les sols, les êtres vivants dans leur diversité, les agriculteurs et nous-mêmes. Monsieur le rapporteur, nous avons la ferme intention que la justice puisse se prononcer, si d’aventure le Conseil constitutionnel ne censure pas le texte entre-temps. (Mme Mathilde Panot applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 165,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211612",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne6e5bcbfb650",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons été un peu vite en besogne sur les amendements nos 11 et 24. Or il y a un lien avec le présent amendement. Le rapporteur a indiqué qu’il appartient au juge, et non à un texte, de déterminer s’il y a ou non un préjudice écologique. Je répète ce que le président Mélenchon a annoncé lorsqu’il a présenté la motion de rejet préalable : si le projet de loi vient à être adopté, nous avons l’intention de saisir le Cour de justice de la République. (Murmures sur divers bancs.)En effet, c’est en toute connaissance des éléments à notre disposition, établis selon les critères de la rationalité scientifique, que le Gouvernement soumet au Parlement un projet de loi qui vise à continuer d’empoisonner les sols, les êtres vivants dans leur diversité, les agriculteurs et nous-mêmes. Monsieur le rapporteur, nous avons la ferme intention que la justice puisse se prononcer, si d’aventure le Conseil constitutionnel ne censure pas le texte entre-temps. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211616",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211616"
   ],
   "order": 451,
   "text": "Nous en convenons tous ici, l’utilisation des nénicotinoïdes provoque des dégâts collatéraux. Il convient de protéger ceux qui sont susceptibles de les subir, c’est-à-dire ceux qui ont une parcelle voisine, qu’il s’agisse de collectivités locales –⁠ je les ai évoquées précédemment – ou d’autres agriculteurs. Afin que l’on puisse établir le préjudice écologique et économique lié à l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes, cet amendement prévoit la réalisation d’analyses permettant de connaître l’« état zéro » des sols. On pourra ainsi comparer les situations avant et après l’utilisation des nénicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211616",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne4a528cb78a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous en convenons tous ici, l’utilisation des nénicotinoïdes provoque des dégâts collatéraux. Il convient de protéger ceux qui sont susceptibles de les subir, c’est-à-dire ceux qui ont une parcelle voisine, qu’il s’agisse de collectivités locales –⁠ je les ai évoquées précédemment – ou d’autres agriculteurs. Afin que l’on puisse établir le préjudice écologique et économique lié à l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes, cet amendement prévoit la réalisation d’analyses permettant de connaître l’« état zéro » des sols. On pourra ainsi comparer les situations avant et après l’utilisation des nénicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211621",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211621"
   ],
   "order": 456,
   "text": "Les arguments que vous avez présentés depuis le début de la soirée sont tout à fait insuffisants. Vous n’avez pas répondu aux nombreuses questions que nous avons soulevées concernant l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Vous dites que l’enjeu est d’apporter, grâce à ce texte, une réponse pour éviter l’effondrement de la filière sucrière en France. En réalité, cela fait longtemps que les difficultés ont commencé, et quatre sucreries ont fermé au cours des dernières années. Qu’a fait le Gouvernement pour empêcher cela ? Absolument rien !Lors de l’examen du projet de loi EGALIM, nous vous avions déjà alertés sur la question des prix. Les causes structurelles de cet effondrement sont liées à la libéralisation que vous défendez mordicus, qui a conduit à mettre fin aux quotas sucriers et, en 2017, aux prix minimum garantis. Cela a abouti à une surproduction mondiale de sucre qui a eu pour conséquence l’effondrement des cours et la déstabilisation de l’ensemble de la filière.Vous nous vendez ce projet de loi comme la réponse à une urgence, alors que la crise était largement prévisible. Faisant preuve de légèreté, vous ne l’avez pas considérée comme telle et vous ne l’avez pas anticipée. Est-ce donc par l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes que vous comptez rétablir et garantir un prix du sucre rémunérateur pour les agriculteurs ? Comme je l’ai indiqué au cours de la discussion générale, vous répondez à une vraie question –⁠ l’équilibre économique de la filière sucrière – avec de mauvaises réponses, prétendument agronomiques, qui ne permettront pas de sortir de l’impasse.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 252,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211621",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5e98a400fb97",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les arguments que vous avez présentés depuis le début de la soirée sont tout à fait insuffisants. Vous n’avez pas répondu aux nombreuses questions que nous avons soulevées concernant l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Vous dites que l’enjeu est d’apporter, grâce à ce texte, une réponse pour éviter l’effondrement de la filière sucrière en France. En réalité, cela fait longtemps que les difficultés ont commencé, et quatre sucreries ont fermé au cours des dernières années. Qu’a fait le Gouvernement pour empêcher cela ? Absolument rien !Lors de l’examen du projet de loi EGALIM, nous vous avions déjà alertés sur la question des prix. Les causes structurelles de cet effondrement sont liées à la libéralisation que vous défendez mordicus, qui a conduit à mettre fin aux quotas sucriers et, en 2017, aux prix minimum garantis. Cela a abouti à une surproduction mondiale de sucre qui a eu pour conséquence l’effondrement des cours et la déstabilisation de l’ensemble de la filière.Vous nous vendez ce projet de loi comme la réponse à une urgence, alors que la crise était largement prévisible. Faisant preuve de légèreté, vous ne l’avez pas considérée comme telle et vous ne l’avez pas anticipée. Est-ce donc par l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes que vous comptez rétablir et garantir un prix du sucre rémunérateur pour les agriculteurs ? Comme je l’ai indiqué au cours de la discussion générale, vous répondez à une vraie question –⁠ l’équilibre économique de la filière sucrière – avec de mauvaises réponses, prétendument agronomiques, qui ne permettront pas de sortir de l’impasse."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719020",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Porte",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Porte",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211626",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211626"
   ],
   "order": 459,
   "text": "Cet amendement rédactionnel vise à préciser la portée de l’interdiction prévue à l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er. La rédaction actuelle –⁠ « après l’emploi de semences traitées » – paraît imprécise : elle permet d’envisager la plantation de végétaux attractifs d’insectes pollinisateurs dès le lendemain de cet emploi ou une semaine après. L’amendement vise à poser le principe que, si une semence traitée aux néonicotinoïdes a été utilisée, l’interdiction vaut pour toute la phase culturale.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211626",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N508137995203",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement rédactionnel vise à préciser la portée de l’interdiction prévue à l’alinéa 5 de l’article 1er. La rédaction actuelle –⁠ « après l’emploi de semences traitées » – paraît imprécise : elle permet d’envisager la plantation de végétaux attractifs d’insectes pollinisateurs dès le lendemain de cet emploi ou une semaine après. L’amendement vise à poser le principe que, si une semence traitée aux néonicotinoïdes a été utilisée, l’interdiction vaut pour toute la phase culturale."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211630",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211630"
   ],
   "order": 463,
   "text": "Il est également défavorable. L’avis de l’ANSES que j’ai évoqué définira ce qu’on appelle les « mises en gestion », notamment les critères de rotation des cultures. Ces éléments seront annexés aux arrêtés prévus par le projet de loi. De cette manière, votre amendement sera satisfait.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211630",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8fb4191cf2c1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est également défavorable. L’avis de l’ANSES que j’ai évoqué définira ce qu’on appelle les « mises en gestion », notamment les critères de rotation des cultures. Ces éléments seront annexés aux arrêtés prévus par le projet de loi. De cette manière, votre amendement sera satisfait."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605069",
   "speaker": "Jean-Louis Bricout",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Louis Bricout",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211632",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211632"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "Monsieur le président, la commission des finances, dont je suis membre, se réunira demain matin à neuf heures pour examiner la première partie du projet de loi de finances. Si la séance est levée après une heure, qu’en sera-t-il du droit au repos de huit heures entre deux journées de travail ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211632",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N873dde8a35b6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président, la commission des finances, dont je suis membre, se réunira demain matin à neuf heures pour examiner la première partie du projet de loi de finances. Si la séance est levée après une heure, qu’en sera-t-il du droit au repos de huit heures entre deux journées de travail ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211634",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211634"
   ],
   "order": 467,
   "text": "Oui, monsieur le président, j’essaie d’en saisir les enjeux. Or je n’ai pas très bien compris les propos du ministre. L’avis de Mme Pompili, qui est une spécialiste de la question, nous aiderait peut-être à nous prononcer sur cet amendement technique. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 48,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211634",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndbb0fd6ae3e7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, monsieur le président, j’essaie d’en saisir les enjeux. Or je n’ai pas très bien compris les propos du ministre. L’avis de Mme Pompili, qui est une spécialiste de la question, nous aiderait peut-être à nous prononcer sur cet amendement technique. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211636",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211636"
   ],
   "order": 470,
   "text": "Sa présence ici serait d’un grand intérêt pour nous. L’heure est tardive et cette perspective s’éloigne probablement, mais peut-être pourriez-vous relayer cette demande, monsieur le ministre ? En effet, Mme Pompili dispose en la matière d’une expérience, d’une compétence technique, d’un savoir qui pourraient nous être utiles.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211636",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3c7417164bc4",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Sa présence ici serait d’un grand intérêt pour nous. L’heure est tardive et cette perspective s’éloigne probablement, mais peut-être pourriez-vous relayer cette demande, monsieur le ministre ? En effet, Mme Pompili dispose en la matière d’une expérience, d’une compétence technique, d’un savoir qui pourraient nous être utiles."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211646",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211646"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "Vous avez évoqué une durée de deux ans pour l’interdiction, mentionnée à l’alinéa 5, de planter ou replanter des végétaux attractifs d’insectes pollinisateurs. Or je rappelle la durée de rémanence de certains néonicotinoïdes : si celle du thiaméthoxame est d’un an, celle de l’imidaclopride est de cinq ans et celle de la clothianidine d’environ trente ans. Donc, une interdiction de deux ans seulement, c’est vraiment ridicule ! Afin d’épargner les espèces vivantes, il convient que la durée de l’interdiction soit au minimum égale à la durée de rémanence, celle-ci devant être déterminée par l’INRAE.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211646",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb590c629abe7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez évoqué une durée de deux ans pour l’interdiction, mentionnée à l’alinéa 5, de planter ou replanter des végétaux attractifs d’insectes pollinisateurs. Or je rappelle la durée de rémanence de certains néonicotinoïdes : si celle du thiaméthoxame est d’un an, celle de l’imidaclopride est de cinq ans et celle de la clothianidine d’environ trente ans. Donc, une interdiction de deux ans seulement, c’est vraiment ridicule ! Afin d’épargner les espèces vivantes, il convient que la durée de l’interdiction soit au minimum égale à la durée de rémanence, celle-ci devant être déterminée par l’INRAE."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211648",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211648"
   ],
   "order": 482,
   "text": "Votre amendement dispose que « la durée de cette interdiction ne peut être inférieure à la durée de persistance des substances » et qu’elle est « déterminée par l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement ». Selon moi, il ne faut pas graver de telles règles dans le marbre de la loi, afin de laisser davantage de place aux scientifiques. Mon avis est donc défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211648",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne6a0d2f6ba64",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement dispose que « la durée de cette interdiction ne peut être inférieure à la durée de persistance des substances » et qu’elle est « déterminée par l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement ». Selon moi, il ne faut pas graver de telles règles dans le marbre de la loi, afin de laisser davantage de place aux scientifiques. Mon avis est donc défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211650",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211650"
   ],
   "order": 484,
   "text": "Il est également défavorable. La rémanence dépend, entre autres, de la nature du sol –⁠ argileux ou non –, du pH et du biotope. Qui plus est, les données dont nous disposons concernant la rémanence ont été établies hors sol, en laboratoire. Comme je l’ai indiqué précédemment à Mme Porte, les éléments résultant de l’étude de l’ANSES, notamment les critères de rotation, seront annexés aux arrêtés que nous prendrons.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 69,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211650",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N43eae5c347b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est également défavorable. La rémanence dépend, entre autres, de la nature du sol –⁠ argileux ou non –, du pH et du biotope. Qui plus est, les données dont nous disposons concernant la rémanence ont été établies hors sol, en laboratoire. Comme je l’ai indiqué précédemment à Mme Porte, les éléments résultant de l’étude de l’ANSES, notamment les critères de rotation, seront annexés aux arrêtés que nous prendrons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211652",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211652"
   ],
   "order": 486,
   "text": "Non, monsieur le ministre, il ne s’agit pas uniquement de données obtenues en laboratoire.Une étude britannique très précise a démontré que 97 % des néonicotinoïdes trouvés dans le pollen rapporté dans les ruches provenaient non pas des cultures environnantes, mais de plantes sauvages. Donc, non seulement les néonicotinoïdes ont une persistance très longue dans les sols et les nappes phréatiques, mais ils se propagent à toutes les plantes, y compris à la flore sauvage.En novembre 2015, une équipe française a publié une étude révélant la « contamination inattendue et omniprésente » des champs par un néonicotinoïde. Les chercheurs, qui voulaient tester l’impact de semences de colza enrobées avec un néonicotinoïde, ont eu la surprise de constater des concentrations similaires d’un autre néonicotinoïde, dont l’usage est normalement limité à des plantes non entomophiles telles que les céréales à paille.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 138,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211652",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1aeef45bf956",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Non, monsieur le ministre, il ne s’agit pas uniquement de données obtenues en laboratoire.Une étude britannique très précise a démontré que 97 % des néonicotinoïdes trouvés dans le pollen rapporté dans les ruches provenaient non pas des cultures environnantes, mais de plantes sauvages. Donc, non seulement les néonicotinoïdes ont une persistance très longue dans les sols et les nappes phréatiques, mais ils se propagent à toutes les plantes, y compris à la flore sauvage.En novembre 2015, une équipe française a publié une étude révélant la « contamination inattendue et omniprésente » des champs par un néonicotinoïde. Les chercheurs, qui voulaient tester l’impact de semences de colza enrobées avec un néonicotinoïde, ont eu la surprise de constater des concentrations similaires d’un autre néonicotinoïde, dont l’usage est normalement limité à des plantes non entomophiles telles que les céréales à paille."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211656",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211656"
   ],
   "order": 488,
   "text": "Au total, nous disposons de 1 220 études scientifiques relatives à l’impact des néonicotinoïdes, qui montrent leur très forte rémanence, mais aussi leur dispersion sur de vastes étendues, y compris aux plantes non cultivées.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211656",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N43826dfdf35e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Au total, nous disposons de 1 220 études scientifiques relatives à l’impact des néonicotinoïdes, qui montrent leur très forte rémanence, mais aussi leur dispersion sur de vastes étendues, y compris aux plantes non cultivées."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722344",
   "speaker": "Hubert Julien-Laferrière",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Julien-Laferrière",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211660",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211660"
   ],
   "order": 491,
   "text": "La question des plantes attractives pour les pollinisateurs est importante. Dans cet amendement, nous proposons que leur mise en culture ne puisse se faire qu’après avoir réalisé des analyses de sol prouvant l’absence de néonicotinoïdes.Nous l’avons déjà dit : nous avons affaire à un poison, dont la rémanence dans les sols peut dépasser vingt ans. Plusieurs collègues se sont succédé à la tribune tout à l’heure pour expliquer que, puisqu’il s’agit d’enrobage et non de pulvérisation, pas de problème, les abeilles sont respectées. Mais il s’agit malgré tout d’un poison, et 80 % de la substance qui enrobe les semences part directement dans les eaux et dans les sols, contaminant les fleurs sauvages –⁠ lesquelles attirent les pollinisateurs – et provoquant la mort des invertébrés qui peuplent les sols et les eaux souterraines.Malgré tous ces arguments, M. Jacob est revenu à la charge en soutenant que, puisqu’on n’avait jamais vu de miel de betterave, l’enrobage ne posait pas de problème. M. le ministre n’a pas utilisé cet argument, lui, car il le sait mauvais ; il connaît les mille études scientifiques qui prouvent que l’enrobage est dangereux pour les pollinisateurs et pour tous les êtres vivants de la terre et des eaux –⁠ y compris pour les coccinelles dont on a besoin pour éradiquer les pucerons.Je vous demande donc d’adopter cet amendement qui conditionnera à une durée stricte fixée par l’INRAE l’interdiction mentionnée à l’alinéa 5. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 243,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211660",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N36e9c0bad936",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La question des plantes attractives pour les pollinisateurs est importante. Dans cet amendement, nous proposons que leur mise en culture ne puisse se faire qu’après avoir réalisé des analyses de sol prouvant l’absence de néonicotinoïdes.Nous l’avons déjà dit : nous avons affaire à un poison, dont la rémanence dans les sols peut dépasser vingt ans. Plusieurs collègues se sont succédé à la tribune tout à l’heure pour expliquer que, puisqu’il s’agit d’enrobage et non de pulvérisation, pas de problème, les abeilles sont respectées. Mais il s’agit malgré tout d’un poison, et 80 % de la substance qui enrobe les semences part directement dans les eaux et dans les sols, contaminant les fleurs sauvages –⁠ lesquelles attirent les pollinisateurs – et provoquant la mort des invertébrés qui peuplent les sols et les eaux souterraines.Malgré tous ces arguments, M. Jacob est revenu à la charge en soutenant que, puisqu’on n’avait jamais vu de miel de betterave, l’enrobage ne posait pas de problème. M. le ministre n’a pas utilisé cet argument, lui, car il le sait mauvais ; il connaît les mille études scientifiques qui prouvent que l’enrobage est dangereux pour les pollinisateurs et pour tous les êtres vivants de la terre et des eaux –⁠ y compris pour les coccinelles dont on a besoin pour éradiquer les pucerons.Je vous demande donc d’adopter cet amendement qui conditionnera à une durée stricte fixée par l’INRAE l’interdiction mentionnée à l’alinéa 5. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722344",
   "speaker": "Hubert Julien-Laferrière",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Julien-Laferrière",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211666",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211666"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "En commission des affaires économiques, nos collègues ont décidé de créer un « conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques ».Outre que cette initiative contrevient probablement aux dispositions de l’article 40 de la Constitution –⁠ à moins que tous les membres de cette instance ne soient bénévoles – elle soulève des interrogations. En effet, au nom de la simplification prévue dans le projet de loi relatif à l’accélération et à la simplification de l’action publique, nous nous apprêtons à supprimer de nombreux conseils, commissions et enquêtes publiques en matière environnementale ou sanitaire. Et là, on créerait un nouveau conseil, alors qu’il existe déjà une instance de concertation et de suivi définie à l’article L. 253-6 du code rural –⁠ je ne sais pas si elle fonctionne, mais elle existe ?D’un côté, on simplifie ; de l’autre, on complique, sans doute pour habiller le retour du poison que sont les néonicotinoïdes, produits vraisemblablement contraires au droit européen comme au droit constitutionnel. Il n’y a pas lieu de les autoriser de nouveau, ni donc de créer un comité de suivi. Par cet amendement, je propose donc de supprimer les alinéas 6 et 9. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 215,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211666",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nafcf4973a59e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En commission des affaires économiques, nos collègues ont décidé de créer un « conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques ».Outre que cette initiative contrevient probablement aux dispositions de l’article 40 de la Constitution –⁠ à moins que tous les membres de cette instance ne soient bénévoles – elle soulève des interrogations. En effet, au nom de la simplification prévue dans le projet de loi relatif à l’accélération et à la simplification de l’action publique, nous nous apprêtons à supprimer de nombreux conseils, commissions et enquêtes publiques en matière environnementale ou sanitaire. Et là, on créerait un nouveau conseil, alors qu’il existe déjà une instance de concertation et de suivi définie à l’article L. 253-6 du code rural –⁠ je ne sais pas si elle fonctionne, mais elle existe ?D’un côté, on simplifie ; de l’autre, on complique, sans doute pour habiller le retour du poison que sont les néonicotinoïdes, produits vraisemblablement contraires au droit européen comme au droit constitutionnel. Il n’y a pas lieu de les autoriser de nouveau, ni donc de créer un comité de suivi. Par cet amendement, je propose donc de supprimer les alinéas 6 et 9. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211670",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211670"
   ],
   "order": 496,
   "text": "J’irai dans le même sens. Avons-nous l’expérience d’autres comités de surveillance ? Ils pourraient nous servir de point d’appui : nous saurions comment ils ont fonctionné par le passé, comment l’on s’y est pris, si nous sommes devant un problème nouveau ou déjà connu.Il se trouve justement que nous avons l’exemple d’une autre substance que l’on avait proposé d’interdire : c’est le Président de la République, je crois, qui avait annoncé que l’on en finirait avec le glyphosate. Puis il s’est dit que cela ne pouvait pas se faire du jour au lendemain, que les agriculteurs devaient se préparer, qu’il n’y avait pas encore d’alternatives… bref, il a créé un comité de surveillance. Et où en sommes-nous, trois ans plus tard ? Le comité de surveillance a surveillé… un peu, et nous n’avons toujours pas interdit le glyphosate, puisque les délais vont encore être prolongés !Aujourd’hui, on nous ressort une autre substance interdite, avec un comité de surveillance pareil à celui qui n’avait pas fait son boulot et interdit la substance qu’il était prévu d’interdire. On a un peu l’impression que vous vous moquez de nous, pour rester poli.Sans oublier qu’au sein de ce comité de surveillance siégera l’Institut technique de la betterave, lui-même composé –⁠ c’est intéressant – de la Confédération générale des planteurs de betteraves –⁠ CGB –, du Syndicat national des fabricants de sucre et de Tereos. La CGB est évidemment affiliée à la FNSEA –⁠ Fédération nationale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles –, elle-même financée par Bayer et Monsanto ; Tereos, elle, est la multinationale sucrière propriétaire de Béghin-Say, récemment accusée de polluer les eaux de l’Escaut.Comment imaginer que ces organismes puissent effectuer un travail honnête au service de la protection de l’environnement, de la biodiversité et des sols, alors même qu’ils viennent de réunir un lobby…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 300,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211670",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd68b9b8919c8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’irai dans le même sens. Avons-nous l’expérience d’autres comités de surveillance ? Ils pourraient nous servir de point d’appui : nous saurions comment ils ont fonctionné par le passé, comment l’on s’y est pris, si nous sommes devant un problème nouveau ou déjà connu.Il se trouve justement que nous avons l’exemple d’une autre substance que l’on avait proposé d’interdire : c’est le Président de la République, je crois, qui avait annoncé que l’on en finirait avec le glyphosate. Puis il s’est dit que cela ne pouvait pas se faire du jour au lendemain, que les agriculteurs devaient se préparer, qu’il n’y avait pas encore d’alternatives… bref, il a créé un comité de surveillance. Et où en sommes-nous, trois ans plus tard ? Le comité de surveillance a surveillé… un peu, et nous n’avons toujours pas interdit le glyphosate, puisque les délais vont encore être prolongés !Aujourd’hui, on nous ressort une autre substance interdite, avec un comité de surveillance pareil à celui qui n’avait pas fait son boulot et interdit la substance qu’il était prévu d’interdire. On a un peu l’impression que vous vous moquez de nous, pour rester poli.Sans oublier qu’au sein de ce comité de surveillance siégera l’Institut technique de la betterave, lui-même composé –⁠ c’est intéressant – de la Confédération générale des planteurs de betteraves –⁠ CGB –, du Syndicat national des fabricants de sucre et de Tereos. La CGB est évidemment affiliée à la FNSEA –⁠ Fédération nationale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles –, elle-même financée par Bayer et Monsanto ; Tereos, elle, est la multinationale sucrière propriétaire de Béghin-Say, récemment accusée de polluer les eaux de l’Escaut.Comment imaginer que ces organismes puissent effectuer un travail honnête au service de la protection de l’environnement, de la biodiversité et des sols, alors même qu’ils viennent de réunir un lobby…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720286",
   "speaker": "Caroline Fiat",
   "quality": "Mme Caroline Fiat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211678",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211678"
   ],
   "order": 498,
   "text": "Nous demandons la suppression de ces alinéas. Vous demandez la constitution d’un comité de surveillance, mais des résultats ont déjà été communiqués par des comités scientifiques. La réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes nuirait durablement non seulement aux insectes pollinisateurs, mais à toute la faune sauvage, en contaminant les sols, les cours d’eau et les nappes phréatiques pendant de nombreuses années.Les recherches menées par l’ANSES mettent en lumière l’apparition de résistances de pucerons verts du pêcher aux néonicotinoïdes. En 2008, on estimait que plus de 550 espèces d’insectes étaient devenues résistantes à un ou plusieurs insecticides, parmi lesquelles une quarantaine avait déjà développé une résistance aux néonicotinoïdes. D’autres possibilités existent et doivent être soutenues.En 2018 –⁠ il y a deux ans ! –, l’ANSES admettait, dans un avis rendu sur les néonicotinoïdes, qu’il n’y avait pas d’impasse technique pour la culture de la betterave car il existait des produits homologués, dont l’efficacité est par définition admise. Vous voulez créer un comité alors que l’ANSES vous a déjà donné les résultats ! Ainsi, les cultures de betterave bio seraient moins touchées par la jaunisse. L’État s’est-il réellement doté des moyens nécessaires pour prendre cette bifurcation indispensable ? Pourquoi créer un comité alors que l’ANSES vous a déjà donné les réponses ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 207,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211678",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7db32b9fea3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous demandons la suppression de ces alinéas. Vous demandez la constitution d’un comité de surveillance, mais des résultats ont déjà été communiqués par des comités scientifiques. La réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes nuirait durablement non seulement aux insectes pollinisateurs, mais à toute la faune sauvage, en contaminant les sols, les cours d’eau et les nappes phréatiques pendant de nombreuses années.Les recherches menées par l’ANSES mettent en lumière l’apparition de résistances de pucerons verts du pêcher aux néonicotinoïdes. En 2008, on estimait que plus de 550 espèces d’insectes étaient devenues résistantes à un ou plusieurs insecticides, parmi lesquelles une quarantaine avait déjà développé une résistance aux néonicotinoïdes. D’autres possibilités existent et doivent être soutenues.En 2018 –⁠ il y a deux ans ! –, l’ANSES admettait, dans un avis rendu sur les néonicotinoïdes, qu’il n’y avait pas d’impasse technique pour la culture de la betterave car il existait des produits homologués, dont l’efficacité est par définition admise. Vous voulez créer un comité alors que l’ANSES vous a déjà donné les résultats ! Ainsi, les cultures de betterave bio seraient moins touchées par la jaunisse. L’État s’est-il réellement doté des moyens nécessaires pour prendre cette bifurcation indispensable ? Pourquoi créer un comité alors que l’ANSES vous a déjà donné les réponses ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211685",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211685"
   ],
   "order": 501,
   "text": "Je relisais à l’instant les conclusions du rapport Écophyto II rendu en 2014. Le Parlement sert-il à quelque chose ? Le comité Écophyto national, qui se réunit pour prendre des décisions, sert-il à quelque chose ? Se réunir dans l’hémicycle pour prendre des décisions sert-il à quelque chose ?On peut se poser la question car, pendant un an, la pression de certains acteurs professionnels comme la Fédération du négoce agricole, qui a déposé des recours devant le Conseil d’État, a empêché la mise en œuvre du plan Écophyto II. Il y a eu ensuite une année d’élections, puis un an d’états généraux de l’alimentation. Depuis, j’ai un profond regret de le dire, il ne s’est à peu près rien passé, puisque les principales mesures censées garantir des résultats n’ont pas été prises.Au lieu de les faire appliquer, on invente un comité sur le glyphosate, un comité sur les néonicotinoïdes et les betteraves… Et puis quoi, encore ?Tous ceux qui connaissent un peu l’agronomie ou l’économie agricole savent que les réponses sont systémiques. Supprimer une molécule, c’est parfois la remplacer par trois molécules reprotoxiques plus dangereuses ; cela n’a aucun sens. (M. Ugo Bernalicis applaudit.) Une culture prise isolément ne rend pas compte de la réalité d’un territoire, d’une filière, ni de l’ensemble de l’écosystème, lesquels, seuls, peuvent être résilients et apporter des réponses agroécologiques satisfaisantes pour l’économie.Je plaide pour qu’on arrête de créer ces comités de surveillance qui n’ont pas d’autre objectif que de satisfaire l’opinion à l’instant t, mais qui ne prennent pas de décision publique. De grâce, c’est la seule chose qui pourrait me consoler de cette loi : supprimez le conseil de surveillance, monsieur le ministre, et dites haut et fort que la gouvernance du plan Écophyto II sera démocratique, partagée et efficace ! Cessons l’agribashing, cessons ces mauvaises querelles et entreprenons enfin de faire de la France un leader de l’agroécologie. C’est une arme pour l’économie agricole. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur quelques bancs du groupe FI et du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 339,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211685",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N46df360c4eab",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je relisais à l’instant les conclusions du rapport Écophyto II rendu en 2014. Le Parlement sert-il à quelque chose ? Le comité Écophyto national, qui se réunit pour prendre des décisions, sert-il à quelque chose ? Se réunir dans l’hémicycle pour prendre des décisions sert-il à quelque chose ?On peut se poser la question car, pendant un an, la pression de certains acteurs professionnels comme la Fédération du négoce agricole, qui a déposé des recours devant le Conseil d’État, a empêché la mise en œuvre du plan Écophyto II. Il y a eu ensuite une année d’élections, puis un an d’états généraux de l’alimentation. Depuis, j’ai un profond regret de le dire, il ne s’est à peu près rien passé, puisque les principales mesures censées garantir des résultats n’ont pas été prises.Au lieu de les faire appliquer, on invente un comité sur le glyphosate, un comité sur les néonicotinoïdes et les betteraves… Et puis quoi, encore ?Tous ceux qui connaissent un peu l’agronomie ou l’économie agricole savent que les réponses sont systémiques. Supprimer une molécule, c’est parfois la remplacer par trois molécules reprotoxiques plus dangereuses ; cela n’a aucun sens. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Une culture prise isolément ne rend pas compte de la réalité d’un territoire, d’une filière, ni de l’ensemble de l’écosystème, lesquels, seuls, peuvent être résilients et apporter des réponses agroécologiques satisfaisantes pour l’économie.Je plaide pour qu’on arrête de créer ces comités de surveillance qui n’ont pas d’autre objectif que de satisfaire l’opinion à l’instant t, mais qui ne prennent pas de décision publique. De grâce, c’est la seule chose qui pourrait me consoler de cette loi : supprimez le conseil de surveillance, monsieur le ministre, et dites haut et fort que la gouvernance du plan Écophyto II sera démocratique, partagée et efficace ! Cessons l’agribashing, cessons ces mauvaises querelles et entreprenons enfin de faire de la France un leader de l’agroécologie. C’est une arme pour l’économie agricole. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe FI et du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211691",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211691"
   ],
   "order": 503,
   "text": "Je tiens à rappeler l’objectif du conseil de surveillance. Il n’est pas là pour déterminer si les néonicotinoïdes sont bons ou mauvais pour la biodiversité ; nous le savons tous ici, les néonicotinoïdes ne sont pas de bons produits.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211691",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N08ba226c4fcd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à rappeler l’objectif du conseil de surveillance. Il n’est pas là pour déterminer si les néonicotinoïdes sont bons ou mauvais pour la biodiversité ; nous le savons tous ici, les néonicotinoïdes ne sont pas de bons produits."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211693",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211693"
   ],
   "order": 505,
   "text": "L’objectif du conseil de surveillance est de trouver une solution permettant à la filière de perdurer. Vous avez oublié dans votre liste, cher collègue Bernalicis, qu’y siègent aussi le Conseil économique, social et environnemental, des ONG et des associations de protection de l’environnement, mais aussi des députés et des sénateurs de tous bords politiques.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211693",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne218a6ae20a0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’objectif du conseil de surveillance est de trouver une solution permettant à la filière de perdurer. Vous avez oublié dans votre liste, cher collègue Bernalicis, qu’y siègent aussi le Conseil économique, social et environnemental, des ONG et des associations de protection de l’environnement, mais aussi des députés et des sénateurs de tous bords politiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211695",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211695"
   ],
   "order": 507,
   "text": "Quand on veut faire vivre un conseil de surveillance, il suffit de se donner l’ambition de le faire servir à quelque chose. Vous avez peut-être eu une mauvaise expérience, cher collègue Dominique Potier, mais je vous assure que si, demain, j’ai l’honneur de siéger à celui-ci, j’irai jusqu’au bout. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211695",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7ed6ba62572d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Quand on veut faire vivre un conseil de surveillance, il suffit de se donner l’ambition de le faire servir à quelque chose. Vous avez peut-être eu une mauvaise expérience, cher collègue [PERSONNE], mais je vous assure que si, demain, j’ai l’honneur de siéger à celui-ci, j’irai jusqu’au bout. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211698",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211698"
   ],
   "order": 510,
   "text": "Monsieur Potier, je m’engage à aller plus loin dans le plan Écophyto II+. On ne saurait dire que rien n’a été fait, mais nous partageons le constat qu’il est possible de faire beaucoup mieux. Une mission a été lancée avec l’ensemble des organes dédiés ; elle rendra ses résultats au début de l’année prochaine. Sur cette base, je m’engage à relancer Écophyto II+.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211698",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nde881859ff03",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Potier, je m’engage à aller plus loin dans le plan Écophyto II+. On ne saurait dire que rien n’a été fait, mais nous partageons le constat qu’il est possible de faire beaucoup mieux. Une mission a été lancée avec l’ensemble des organes dédiés ; elle rendra ses résultats au début de l’année prochaine. Sur cette base, je m’engage à relancer Écophyto II+."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211700",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211700"
   ],
   "order": 512,
   "text": "Nous le ferons ensemble, monsieur le député.Monsieur Julien-Laferrière, vous contestez la pertinence du comité de suivi. Je vous propose de raisonner par l’absurde : même si, in fine, il s’avère que le comité n’a servi à rien, cela vaut la peine de tenter le coup, et je pense que sa composition lui permettra d’assurer un suivi précis des engagements.Monsieur Bernalicis, comme à votre habitude, vous considérez qu’en chacun de nous siège, ou dort, un lobby.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211700",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6d0da4668e0f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous le ferons ensemble, monsieur le député.Monsieur Julien-Laferrière, vous contestez la pertinence du comité de suivi. Je vous propose de raisonner par l’absurde : même si, in fine, il s’avère que le comité n’a servi à rien, cela vaut la peine de tenter le coup, et je pense que sa composition lui permettra d’assurer un suivi précis des engagements.Monsieur Bernalicis, comme à votre habitude, vous considérez qu’en chacun de nous siège, ou dort, un lobby."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211704",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211704"
   ],
   "order": 514,
   "text": "C’est une vision étrange des gens et de la vie de tous les jours ; je ne sais pas si elle facilite les relations humaines.Il n’y aura pas que l’ITB au comité de suivi : il y aura aussi, comme l’a dit M. le rapporteur, des associations environnementales et des organismes de recherche, bref, des organes publics, des organes associatifs et des organes privés. Pour ce qui est du privé, il est vrai que l’ingénieur agronome que je suis –⁠ pour reprendre votre expression – a pensé qu’il faudrait peut-être associer la filière pomme au comité ; mais, en fin de compte, il est bien mieux d’avoir la filière betterave.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 110,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211704",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N408498da84ad",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une vision étrange des gens et de la vie de tous les jours ; je ne sais pas si elle facilite les relations humaines.Il n’y aura pas que l’ITB au comité de suivi : il y aura aussi, comme l’a dit M. le rapporteur, des associations environnementales et des organismes de recherche, bref, des organes publics, des organes associatifs et des organes privés. Pour ce qui est du privé, il est vrai que l’ingénieur agronome que je suis –⁠ pour reprendre votre expression – a pensé qu’il faudrait peut-être associer la filière pomme au comité ; mais, en fin de compte, il est bien mieux d’avoir la filière betterave."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211708",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211708"
   ],
   "order": 517,
   "text": "Il traite, lui aussi, du comité de suivi dont nous venons d’évoquer la composition. Je pense que ce comité sera critiqué dès son entrée en fonctions, du fait du nombre de personnes aux intérêts liés qui y siégeront et de l’insistance sur le rôle des parlementaires. Il me semble que, pour rassurer l’opinion et permettre au comité de mener ses travaux dans la confiance et l’indépendance, il faudrait lui donner le statut d’un conseil scientifique indépendant, calqué sur le conseil scientifique créé pour suivre l’épidémie de covid-19.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211708",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N69329a1f2df2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il traite, lui aussi, du comité de suivi dont nous venons d’évoquer la composition. Je pense que ce comité sera critiqué dès son entrée en fonctions, du fait du nombre de personnes aux intérêts liés qui y siégeront et de l’insistance sur le rôle des parlementaires. Il me semble que, pour rassurer l’opinion et permettre au comité de mener ses travaux dans la confiance et l’indépendance, il faudrait lui donner le statut d’un conseil scientifique indépendant, calqué sur le conseil scientifique créé pour suivre l’épidémie de covid-19."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211711",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211711"
   ],
   "order": 520,
   "text": "Il propose que, parmi les quatre députés et les quatre sénateurs membres du conseil de surveillance, au minimum un député et un sénateur soient membres de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques, dont M. Villani est le premier vice-président.L’OPECST est un organe commun à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, un outil d’expertise et d’évaluation dédié aux questions liées à l’évolution des connaissances scientifiques et au développement des nouvelles technologies. Il a pour mission d’informer le Parlement des conséquences des choix à caractère scientifique et technologique afin, notamment, d’éclairer ses décisions. Compte tenu de la sensibilité du sujet du projet de loi, il me semble important que cette instance soit représentée au sein du conseil de surveillance chargé du contrôle.Je profite de cette occasion pour inviter les collègues de l’OPECST que je vois ici ce soir –⁠ M. Prud’homme, M. Villani – à lire les derniers travaux de l’Office, et notamment le rapport sur l’agriculture face aux défis de la production d’énergie. Vous verrez, il est très intéressant. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM. – M. Cédric Villani applaudit aussi.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 182,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211711",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfa8e2ce8a6a9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il propose que, parmi les quatre députés et les quatre sénateurs membres du conseil de surveillance, au minimum un député et un sénateur soient membres de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques, dont M. Villani est le premier vice-président.L’OPECST est un organe commun à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, un outil d’expertise et d’évaluation dédié aux questions liées à l’évolution des connaissances scientifiques et au développement des nouvelles technologies. Il a pour mission d’informer le Parlement des conséquences des choix à caractère scientifique et technologique afin, notamment, d’éclairer ses décisions. Compte tenu de la sensibilité du sujet du projet de loi, il me semble important que cette instance soit représentée au sein du conseil de surveillance chargé du contrôle.Je profite de cette occasion pour inviter les collègues de l’OPECST que je vois ici ce soir –⁠ M. Prud’homme, M. Villani – à lire les derniers travaux de l’Office, et notamment le rapport sur l’agriculture face aux défis de la production d’énergie. Vous verrez, il est très intéressant. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit aussi.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212054",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212054"
   ],
   "order": 525,
   "text": "Tout à l’heure, monsieur le rapporteur nous expliquait que les quatre sénateurs et les quatre députés qui siégeront au conseil de surveillance représenteront l’ensemble des groupes politiques, qu’ils appartiennent à l’opposition ou à la majorité, mais cette obligation n’est pas inscrite dans le projet de loi.Je propose donc de l’y inscrire. Cela permettra peut-être à certains de nos collègues sceptiques concernant ce conseil d’y siéger ; je pense à Dominique Potier. Celui-ci a cosigné la moitié des amendements qu’il reste à examiner, afin de demander des rapports et encore des rapports : il pourrait obtenir des réponses à ses questions au sein du conseil de surveillance.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 106,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212054",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N437654f79f4e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Tout à l’heure, monsieur le rapporteur nous expliquait que les quatre sénateurs et les quatre députés qui siégeront au conseil de surveillance représenteront l’ensemble des groupes politiques, qu’ils appartiennent à l’opposition ou à la majorité, mais cette obligation n’est pas inscrite dans le projet de loi.Je propose donc de l’y inscrire. Cela permettra peut-être à certains de nos collègues sceptiques concernant ce conseil d’y siéger ; je pense à [PERSONNE]. Celui-ci a cosigné la moitié des amendements qu’il reste à examiner, afin de demander des rapports et encore des rapports : il pourrait obtenir des réponses à ses questions au sein du conseil de surveillance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722110",
   "speaker": "Hubert Wulfranc",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Wulfranc",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212061",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212061"
   ],
   "order": 531,
   "text": "Le conseil de surveillance nous est présenté comme un véritable comité de salut public, pour une filière économique majeure, dont vous indiquez le devenir à court terme.Nous vous avons rappelé que la crise structurelle que connaît la filière précède la crise de la jaunisse, et que ses impacts sociaux s’y font déjà cruellement sentir.Aussi, par l’amendement no 78, nous demandons qu’une représentation des salariés de la filière agricole soit prévue au sein du comité de surveillance –⁠ c’est d’ailleurs une démarche pérenne de notre groupe pour cette filière comme pour toutes les autres. En effet, les premiers acteurs de la transformation des filières sont les salariés eux-mêmes ; une telle représentation nous apparaît essentielle pour assurer cette transition à très court terme.Par l’amendement no 79, nous demandons que les noms de l’INRAE et l’ANSES figurent dans le texte de loi ; par l’amendement no 74, nous formulons la même demande pour l’Institut technique et scientifique de l’apiculture et de la pollinisation, l’ITSAP, si cher à notre collègue Martial Saddier. Cet institut pourra ainsi vérifier que vos engagements quant à l’abondement de ses fonds sont bien respectés.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 186,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212061",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc226242def8f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le conseil de surveillance nous est présenté comme un véritable comité de salut public, pour une filière économique majeure, dont vous indiquez le devenir à court terme.Nous vous avons rappelé que la crise structurelle que connaît la filière précède la crise de la jaunisse, et que ses impacts sociaux s’y font déjà cruellement sentir.Aussi, par l’amendement no 78, nous demandons qu’une représentation des salariés de la filière agricole soit prévue au sein du comité de surveillance –⁠ c’est d’ailleurs une démarche pérenne de notre groupe pour cette filière comme pour toutes les autres. En effet, les premiers acteurs de la transformation des filières sont les salariés eux-mêmes ; une telle représentation nous apparaît essentielle pour assurer cette transition à très court terme.Par l’amendement no 79, nous demandons que les noms de l’INRAE et l’ANSES figurent dans le texte de loi ; par l’amendement no 74, nous formulons la même demande pour l’Institut technique et scientifique de l’apiculture et de la pollinisation, l’ITSAP, si cher à notre collègue [PERSONNE]. Cet institut pourra ainsi vérifier que vos engagements quant à l’abondement de ses fonds sont bien respectés."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267429",
   "speaker": "Dino Cinieri",
   "quality": "M. Dino Cinieri",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212066",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212066"
   ],
   "order": 533,
   "text": "Ce sous-amendement vise à s’assurer qu’outre des agriculteurs, des apiculteurs siégeront au conseil de surveillance. Si la crise apicole est si profonde et durable, c’est parce que ses causes sont complexes ; sinon elle aurait été résolue depuis longtemps.Des problèmes de mortalité, pathologies, parasites, pesticides, carences alimentaires, manque de biodiversité et production, jusqu’aux enjeux de structuration de la filière, de formation, d’élevage et d’accompagnement technique en passant par les aspects économiques –⁠ qualité, marché, prix, consommateur, pollinisation – toutes les facettes de la filière doivent être passées à la loupe, en osant aller au fond des questions. Pour ce faire, nous devons impérativement travailler avec l’ensemble des acteurs –⁠ apiculteurs, scientifiques, agriculteurs, entreprises, pouvoirs publics, ONG et citoyens –, dans un esprit de bienveillance, indispensable pour éviter que les passions ne l’emportent sur les raisons.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212066",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N43541465583d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce sous-amendement vise à s’assurer qu’outre des agriculteurs, des apiculteurs siégeront au conseil de surveillance. Si la crise apicole est si profonde et durable, c’est parce que ses causes sont complexes ; sinon elle aurait été résolue depuis longtemps.Des problèmes de mortalité, pathologies, parasites, pesticides, carences alimentaires, manque de biodiversité et production, jusqu’aux enjeux de structuration de la filière, de formation, d’élevage et d’accompagnement technique en passant par les aspects économiques –⁠ qualité, marché, prix, consommateur, pollinisation – toutes les facettes de la filière doivent être passées à la loupe, en osant aller au fond des questions. Pour ce faire, nous devons impérativement travailler avec l’ensemble des acteurs –⁠ apiculteurs, scientifiques, agriculteurs, entreprises, pouvoirs publics, ONG et citoyens –, dans un esprit de bienveillance, indispensable pour éviter que les passions ne l’emportent sur les raisons."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212070",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212070"
   ],
   "order": 535,
   "text": "Monsieur Wulfranc, je vous rejoins sur la nécessité d’intégrer des salariés agricoles au conseil de surveillance. Néanmoins, il revient selon moi aux organisations syndicales elles-mêmes de nommer leurs représentants. Pour cette raison, j’émets un avis défavorable sur l’amendement no 78, sur les sous-amendements identiques no 142 et 146, ainsi que sur l’amendement no 79.En revanche, avis favorable sur l’amendement no 74 : vous avez raison, l’ITSAP a toute sa place au sein de ce conseil, tout comme, je le répète, l’Institut technique de la betterave et les grands établissements publics de recherche.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 92,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212070",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8283742f6614",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Wulfranc, je vous rejoins sur la nécessité d’intégrer des salariés agricoles au conseil de surveillance. Néanmoins, il revient selon moi aux organisations syndicales elles-mêmes de nommer leurs représentants. Pour cette raison, j’émets un avis défavorable sur l’amendement no 78, sur les sous-amendements identiques no 142 et 146, ainsi que sur l’amendement no 79.En revanche, avis favorable sur l’amendement no 74 : vous avez raison, l’ITSAP a toute sa place au sein de ce conseil, tout comme, je le répète, l’Institut technique de la betterave et les grands établissements publics de recherche."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212074",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212074"
   ],
   "order": 537,
   "text": "Même avis, défavorable, sur l’amendement no 78 et donc sur les sous-amendements à celui-ci. Outre les raisons déjà données par le rapporteur, les salariés agricoles sont déjà inclus, dans le cadre de la représentation des filières. J’émets également un avis défavorable sur l’amendement no 79.En revanche, je donne un avis favorable à l’amendement no 74, qui reprend la proposition formulée dans les sous-amendements au no 78, celle d’intégrer l’ITSAP. C’est un sujet très important, comme tous en conviennent sur ces bancs, et il est donc important qu’un représentant de cet institut siège au comité de surveillance.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 96,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212074",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N89f8c74ed27b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis, défavorable, sur l’amendement no 78 et donc sur les sous-amendements à celui-ci. Outre les raisons déjà données par le rapporteur, les salariés agricoles sont déjà inclus, dans le cadre de la représentation des filières. J’émets également un avis défavorable sur l’amendement no 79.En revanche, je donne un avis favorable à l’amendement no 74, qui reprend la proposition formulée dans les sous-amendements au no 78, celle d’intégrer l’ITSAP. C’est un sujet très important, comme tous en conviennent sur ces bancs, et il est donc important qu’un représentant de cet institut siège au comité de surveillance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1838",
   "speaker": "Jean Lassalle",
   "quality": "M. Jean Lassalle",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212078",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212078"
   ],
   "order": 539,
   "text": "Je vous ai vu tout à l’heure à la télévision : vous souhaitez que les mesures de ce projet de loi soient effectives le plus rapidement possible, tout en nous permettant de débattre comme il faut. Je suis d’accord avec vous.J’ai deux messages à transmettre ; il me faudrait donc deux fois deux minutes de temps de parole (Murmures),…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212078",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2767830a571a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous ai vu tout à l’heure à la télévision : vous souhaitez que les mesures de ce projet de loi soient effectives le plus rapidement possible, tout en nous permettant de débattre comme il faut. Je suis d’accord avec vous.J’ai deux messages à transmettre ; il me faudrait donc deux fois deux minutes de temps de parole (Murmures),…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1838",
   "speaker": "Jean Lassalle",
   "quality": "M. Jean Lassalle",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212085",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212085"
   ],
   "order": 545,
   "text": "On me fait un procès en sorcellerie depuis jeudi après-midi. J’aurais en effet voté le projet de loi prorogeant le régime transitoire institué à la sortie de l’état d’urgence sanitaire. J’ai pourtant toujours voté contre ces mesures, depuis le début.J’apporte donc un démenti formel à ces allégations. En revanche, je me suis trompé de bouton au moment du vote. (Rires.) Tant pis pour ceux qui ne veulent pas me croire, après tout ce que j’ai fait !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 77,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212085",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2c42f52188c8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "On me fait un procès en sorcellerie depuis jeudi après-midi. J’aurais en effet voté le projet de loi prorogeant le régime transitoire institué à la sortie de l’état d’urgence sanitaire. J’ai pourtant toujours voté contre ces mesures, depuis le début.J’apporte donc un démenti formel à ces allégations. En revanche, je me suis trompé de bouton au moment du vote. (Rires.) Tant pis pour ceux qui ne veulent pas me croire, après tout ce que j’ai fait !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212092",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212092"
   ],
   "order": 551,
   "text": "Il n’est pas facile de prendre la parole après Jean Lassalle. Tout à l’heure, si je n’ai pas pris le temps de détailler le contenu de mon sous-amendement no 146, c’est parce que je considérais que l’amendement no 74 de M. Chassaigne était plus pertinent. Il recueille tout notre soutien.Comme je l’ai dit dans la discussion générale, et comme cela a été répété ensuite, il est essentiel que la filière apicole soit représentée au sein du conseil de surveillance. Elle y a toute sa place, parce qu’elle est la première concernée.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 91,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212092",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9a8234934e03",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’est pas facile de prendre la parole après [PERSONNE]. Tout à l’heure, si je n’ai pas pris le temps de détailler le contenu de mon sous-amendement no 146, c’est parce que je considérais que l’amendement no 74 de M. Chassaigne était plus pertinent. Il recueille tout notre soutien.Comme je l’ai dit dans la discussion générale, et comme cela a été répété ensuite, il est essentiel que la filière apicole soit représentée au sein du conseil de surveillance. Elle y a toute sa place, parce qu’elle est la première concernée."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212100",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212100"
   ],
   "order": 558,
   "text": "Il vise à préciser que l’organisation et le fonctionnement du conseil de surveillance sont fixés par décret, tout comme sa composition. L’objectif est de garantir que ce conseil soit opérationnel le plus rapidement possible.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212100",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8e20bae3da03",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à préciser que l’organisation et le fonctionnement du conseil de surveillance sont fixés par décret, tout comme sa composition. L’objectif est de garantir que ce conseil soit opérationnel le plus rapidement possible."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212104",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212104"
   ],
   "order": 562,
   "text": "Exactement. Il faut autoriser les néonicotinoïdes pour sauver la filière sucrière ; si l’on refuse, les agriculteurs cesseront de cultiver des betteraves et les usines fermeront, avec des licenciements à la clé, dites-vous.Or, monsieur le rapporteur, vous indiquez vous-même que les néonicotinoïdes sont mauvais pour la santé et la biodiversité. Comment nous autres parlementaires, pourrions-nous donc accepter un chantage de ce type ? Il s’agit de sacrifier la santé de la population et la biodiversité que tout le monde se targue à cor et à cri de vouloir sauver !Par ailleurs, monsieur le ministre, vous n’avez pas répondu à une question : quand les représentants des autres cultures demanderont à leur tour l’utilisation dérogatoire de ce type de produits, comment la leur refuserez-vous ? (Mme Caroline Fiat et Mme Mathilde Panot applaudissent.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 132,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212104",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne6f24903e1a9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Exactement. Il faut autoriser les néonicotinoïdes pour sauver la filière sucrière ; si l’on refuse, les agriculteurs cesseront de cultiver des betteraves et les usines fermeront, avec des licenciements à la clé, dites-vous.Or, monsieur le rapporteur, vous indiquez vous-même que les néonicotinoïdes sont mauvais pour la santé et la biodiversité. Comment nous autres parlementaires, pourrions-nous donc accepter un chantage de ce type ? Il s’agit de sacrifier la santé de la population et la biodiversité que tout le monde se targue à cor et à cri de vouloir sauver !Par ailleurs, monsieur le ministre, vous n’avez pas répondu à une question : quand les représentants des autres cultures demanderont à leur tour l’utilisation dérogatoire de ce type de produits, comment la leur refuserez-vous ? (Mme [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212110",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212110"
   ],
   "order": 566,
   "text": "Même avis. Madame Taurine, la dérogation prévue dans ce projet de loi ne concernera que la betterave sucrière. Comme cela a été confirmé tout à l’heure, le texte, dans sa rédaction issue des travaux de la commission, l’indique clairement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212110",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N15653ad7d86b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis. Madame Taurine, la dérogation prévue dans ce projet de loi ne concernera que la betterave sucrière. Comme cela a été confirmé tout à l’heure, le texte, dans sa rédaction issue des travaux de la commission, l’indique clairement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212112",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212112"
   ],
   "order": 568,
   "text": "Je l’ai moi-même dit et redit : les arrêtés de mise sur le marché que le ministre des solidarités et de la santé, la ministre de la transition écologique et moi-même prendront ne concerneront que la betterave sucrière. Je m’y engage.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212112",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1974ad5bc924",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je l’ai moi-même dit et redit : les arrêtés de mise sur le marché que le ministre des solidarités et de la santé, la ministre de la transition écologique et moi-même prendront ne concerneront que la betterave sucrière. Je m’y engage."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA748954",
   "speaker": "Antoine Savignat",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Savignat",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212114",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212114"
   ],
   "order": 570,
   "text": "Terminons-en avec la question du lobbyisme. Comme la majorité des députés dans cet hémicycle, j’ai reçu trois, quatre ou cinq courriels de représentants de la filière betteravière au cours des dernières semaines. En parallèle, monsieur Bernalicis, j’ai reçu des centaines de courriels reprenant exactement l’argumentation que vous développez depuis le début du débat. (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe LR.) Qui sont les lobbyistes, je vous pose la question ! Or vous nous reprochez à nous tous –⁠ et pas seulement au ministre – qui sommes favorables au projet de loi de céder à la pression, au chantage de ceux-ci !Par ailleurs, monsieur Bernalicis, je vous croyais plus au fait de la chose juridique : vous menacez de poursuivre le ministre devant la Cour de justice de la République à cause de ce texte, alors même que c’est nous qui en débattons ici, nous qui nous prononcerons sur lui en notre âme et conscience. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes LR et LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 167,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212114",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1526e699d39e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Terminons-en avec la question du lobbyisme. Comme la majorité des députés dans cet hémicycle, j’ai reçu trois, quatre ou cinq courriels de représentants de la filière betteravière au cours des dernières semaines. En parallèle, monsieur Bernalicis, j’ai reçu des centaines de courriels reprenant exactement l’argumentation que vous développez depuis le début du débat. (« Eh oui ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Qui sont les lobbyistes, je vous pose la question ! Or vous nous reprochez à nous tous –⁠ et pas seulement au ministre – qui sommes favorables au projet de loi de céder à la pression, au chantage de ceux-ci !Par ailleurs, monsieur Bernalicis, je vous croyais plus au fait de la chose juridique : vous menacez de poursuivre le ministre devant la Cour de justice de la République à cause de ce texte, alors même que c’est nous qui en débattons ici, nous qui nous prononcerons sur lui en notre âme et conscience. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1838",
   "speaker": "Jean Lassalle",
   "quality": "M. Jean Lassalle",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212118",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212118"
   ],
   "order": 572,
   "text": "Vous n’êtes quand même pas plus pressé de me voir retrouver mon épouse qu’elle ne l’est ! (Sourires.)Blague à part, j’ai compris, monsieur le président. Déjà tout à l’heure, en vous voyant à la télévision, j’ai trouvé que vous meniez très bien les débats.La semaine dernière, dans le cadre de l’examen du projet de loi d’accélération et de simplification de l’action publique –⁠ excellent projet qui permet de tout dire – j’ai indiqué qu’il fallait reprendre l’entretien des berges des cours d’eau, des bassins versants, afin d’éviter que les arbres et autres végétaux ne poussent n’importe où. Je ne pensais pas que le malheur arriverait si vite. Aujourd’hui, trois vallées de l’arrière-pays niçois, que je connais si bien, sont dévastées.J’ai moi-même vécu une crue millénaire, et deux crues centennales –⁠ décidément, les siècles passent un peu vite. Tout a été emporté.La semaine dernière, l’équivalent de trois mois de pluie sont tombées sur ces vallées en deux heures ; à l’époque, j’avais vu tomber l’équivalent de dix-huit mois de pluie en une heure et demie. Bref : il faut entretenir les berges, et nettoyer les cours d’eau.Puisqu’il me reste un peu de temps…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 192,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212118",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc29821ce2fb3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous n’êtes quand même pas plus pressé de me voir retrouver mon épouse qu’elle ne l’est ! (Sourires.)Blague à part, j’ai compris, monsieur le président. Déjà tout à l’heure, en vous voyant à la télévision, j’ai trouvé que vous meniez très bien les débats.La semaine dernière, dans le cadre de l’examen du projet de loi d’accélération et de simplification de l’action publique –⁠ excellent projet qui permet de tout dire – j’ai indiqué qu’il fallait reprendre l’entretien des berges des cours d’eau, des bassins versants, afin d’éviter que les arbres et autres végétaux ne poussent n’importe où. Je ne pensais pas que le malheur arriverait si vite. Aujourd’hui, trois vallées de l’arrière-pays niçois, que je connais si bien, sont dévastées.J’ai moi-même vécu une crue millénaire, et deux crues centennales –⁠ décidément, les siècles passent un peu vite. Tout a été emporté.La semaine dernière, l’équivalent de trois mois de pluie sont tombées sur ces vallées en deux heures ; à l’époque, j’avais vu tomber l’équivalent de dix-huit mois de pluie en une heure et demie. Bref : il faut entretenir les berges, et nettoyer les cours d’eau.Puisqu’il me reste un peu de temps…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1838",
   "speaker": "Jean Lassalle",
   "quality": "M. Jean Lassalle",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212125",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212125"
   ],
   "order": 574,
   "text": "…j’en viens au sujet de la discussion. Je regrette que nous ne nous soyons pas davantage battus sur la recherche. Au lieu de faire perdre son temps à l’excellent M. Villani, présent ce soir, à Paris, où il ne peut rien faire (« Ah ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM), M. Macron aurait dû lui confier des travaux de recherche fondamentale, pour qu’il trouve de quoi régler le problème des abeilles et des betteraviers.Quant à la situation actuelle, elle est simple ; aucun lobby n’a de prise sur moi.Pendant la campagne présidentielle, M. Macron avait déclaré qu’il ne laisserait jamais tomber les agriculteurs. De fait, on ne peut pas les laisser mourir : rien ne peut remplacer les néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212125",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N93d9434fc07c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…j’en viens au sujet de la discussion. Je regrette que nous ne nous soyons pas davantage battus sur la recherche. Au lieu de faire perdre son temps à l’excellent M. Villani, présent ce soir, à Paris, où il ne peut rien faire (« Ah ! » sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE]), M. Macron aurait dû lui confier des travaux de recherche fondamentale, pour qu’il trouve de quoi régler le problème des abeilles et des betteraviers.Quant à la situation actuelle, elle est simple ; aucun lobby n’a de prise sur moi.Pendant la campagne présidentielle, M. Macron avait déclaré qu’il ne laisserait jamais tomber les agriculteurs. De fait, on ne peut pas les laisser mourir : rien ne peut remplacer les néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1838",
   "speaker": "Jean Lassalle",
   "quality": "M. Jean Lassalle",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212129",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212129"
   ],
   "order": 576,
   "text": "Vous noterez que j’ai du mérite parce que, comme vous, je suis entouré d’apiculteurs, qui me demandent de surtout voter contre ce texte. Mais que voulez-vous que je fasse ? Il faut sauver ceux qui sont en danger de mort, en espérant, monsieur Villani, que vous allez vous mettre au boulot rapidement (Sourires sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem) pour trouver…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212129",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4fbd7dc29338",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous noterez que j’ai du mérite parce que, comme vous, je suis entouré d’apiculteurs, qui me demandent de surtout voter contre ce texte. Mais que voulez-vous que je fasse ? Il faut sauver ceux qui sont en danger de mort, en espérant, monsieur Villani, que vous allez vous mettre au boulot rapidement (Sourires sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem) pour trouver…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212477",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212477"
   ],
   "order": 583,
   "text": "L’amendement précise que le conseil de surveillance veille « à ce que soient prévues les modalités de déploiement des solutions alternatives existantes en conditions réelles d’exploitation », ce qui est essentiel pour passer de travaux de recherche dans des environnements aux conditions maîtrisées à la réalité du déploiement de ces alternatives dans nos parcelles.L’objectif de ce conseil, en effet n’est pas uniquement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle sur le terrain.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212477",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Necdd81a81770",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement précise que le conseil de surveillance veille « à ce que soient prévues les modalités de déploiement des solutions alternatives existantes en conditions réelles d’exploitation », ce qui est essentiel pour passer de travaux de recherche dans des environnements aux conditions maîtrisées à la réalité du déploiement de ces alternatives dans nos parcelles.L’objectif de ce conseil, en effet n’est pas uniquement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle sur le terrain."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212481",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212481"
   ],
   "order": 586,
   "text": "Je souhaite que le conseil de surveillance s’intéresse de manière consciencieuse à la rémanence et à la persistance des néonicotinoïdes dans les sols et dans les eaux, souterraines et superficielles. Certains ont l’air d’avoir des certitudes sur les néonicotinoïdes, ce qui n’est pas mon cas, et les débats que nous avons eus en commission ne m’ont pas convaincu.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212481",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N619b19937987",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite que le conseil de surveillance s’intéresse de manière consciencieuse à la rémanence et à la persistance des néonicotinoïdes dans les sols et dans les eaux, souterraines et superficielles. Certains ont l’air d’avoir des certitudes sur les néonicotinoïdes, ce qui n’est pas mon cas, et les débats que nous avons eus en commission ne m’ont pas convaincu."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212483"
   ],
   "order": 588,
   "text": "Vous avez tout à fait raison, monsieur Benoit. Mais le projet de loi mentionne déjà que le conseil « assure le suivi et l’évaluation de la mise en œuvre et des dérogations accordées, notamment de leurs conséquences sur l’environnement », ce qui implique obligatoirement l’évaluation des niveaux de pollution des sols et des eaux. Cet amendement étant satisfait, j’en demande le retrait, sinon j’émettrai un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212483",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Neb6e9b7b8ada",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez tout à fait raison, monsieur Benoit. Mais le projet de loi mentionne déjà que le conseil « assure le suivi et l’évaluation de la mise en œuvre et des dérogations accordées, notamment de leurs conséquences sur l’environnement », ce qui implique obligatoirement l’évaluation des niveaux de pollution des sols et des eaux. Cet amendement étant satisfait, j’en demande le retrait, sinon j’émettrai un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212488",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212488"
   ],
   "order": 592,
   "text": "Monsieur le président, nous respectons scrupuleusement le règlement. Néanmoins, et par souci de cohérence, compte tenu de la très grande importance du sujet, je tenais à ce qu’il soit pris acte du fait que l’amendement qu’a fait voter le rapporteur inscrit noir sur blanc dans la loi la reconnaissance de la gravité du poison qui va être utilisé.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212488",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na59f76d6e041",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président, nous respectons scrupuleusement le règlement. Néanmoins, et par souci de cohérence, compte tenu de la très grande importance du sujet, je tenais à ce qu’il soit pris acte du fait que l’amendement qu’a fait voter le rapporteur inscrit noir sur blanc dans la loi la reconnaissance de la gravité du poison qui va être utilisé."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212492",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212492"
   ],
   "order": 596,
   "text": "Vous ne savez pas encore ce que je vais dire ! (Le micro de M. Bernalicis ayant été coupé, vives protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Qu’est-ce que c’est que cette façon de faire !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212492",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne4e7f9ae89ff",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous ne savez pas encore ce que je vais dire ! (Le micro de M. Bernalicis ayant été coupé, vives protestations sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Qu’est-ce que c’est que cette façon de faire !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719044",
   "speaker": "Nadia Essayan",
   "quality": "Mme Nadia Essayan",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212634",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212634"
   ],
   "order": 605,
   "text": "Il faut sauver la filière betteravière en grande difficulté, tout en restant attentifs à la préservation de notre biodiversité.Cet amendement d’appel a pour objet d’inclure dans les missions du conseil de surveillance, chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre des alternatives aux produits phyto contenant des néonicotinoïdes, une réflexion sur les possibilités offertes par une voie empruntée par les industriels, celle du bio.En effet, le marché du sucre bio confirme des débuts prometteurs, après le lancement d’une production de sucre certifié bio en 2019. Même si le bio est également touché par le virus de la jaunisse, il semble montrer des signes encourageants de résistance à la maladie.Cependant, la part du bio dans la production betteravière ne représente que 0,40 %, ce qui est très peu. Nous savons que la transition vers le bio se fait sur le temps long, et il me paraît donc important de conduire une réflexion permettant d’accroître sa part dans la filière.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 165,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212634",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbddd6c6153e7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut sauver la filière betteravière en grande difficulté, tout en restant attentifs à la préservation de notre biodiversité.Cet amendement d’appel a pour objet d’inclure dans les missions du conseil de surveillance, chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre des alternatives aux produits phyto contenant des néonicotinoïdes, une réflexion sur les possibilités offertes par une voie empruntée par les industriels, celle du bio.En effet, le marché du sucre bio confirme des débuts prometteurs, après le lancement d’une production de sucre certifié bio en 2019. Même si le bio est également touché par le virus de la jaunisse, il semble montrer des signes encourageants de résistance à la maladie.Cependant, la part du bio dans la production betteravière ne représente que 0,40 %, ce qui est très peu. Nous savons que la transition vers le bio se fait sur le temps long, et il me paraît donc important de conduire une réflexion permettant d’accroître sa part dans la filière."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212501",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212501"
   ],
   "order": 607,
   "text": "Vous avez raison sur l’orientation vers le bio que doit prendre la filière. Le bio, qui ne représentait que 700 hectares en 2019 en couvre 1 500 en 2020, ce qui est conforme aux objectifs.Le conseil de surveillance doit en effet suivre de près cette évolution, mais celle-ci relève directement de la filière, laquelle a récemment fourni un plan d’action au ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation. La mission du conseil de surveillance se borne à vérifier que les objectifs inscrits dans le plan d’action sont atteints. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 89,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212501",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf12427080dcc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez raison sur l’orientation vers le bio que doit prendre la filière. Le bio, qui ne représentait que 700 hectares en 2019 en couvre 1 500 en 2020, ce qui est conforme aux objectifs.Le conseil de surveillance doit en effet suivre de près cette évolution, mais celle-ci relève directement de la filière, laquelle a récemment fourni un plan d’action au ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation. La mission du conseil de surveillance se borne à vérifier que les objectifs inscrits dans le plan d’action sont atteints. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212506",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212506"
   ],
   "order": 611,
   "text": "M. Savignat mettait tout à l’heure en doute notre rigueur juridique, mais les arrêtés pris par le ministre, les décrets et les autorisations de mise sur le marché sont parfaitement attaquables devant la Cour de justice de la République pour les motifs que j’ai indiqués tout à l’heure. Je ne suis donc pas inquiet car, lorsqu’on veut faire de la politique et faire valoir ses arguments, on trouve toujours des fondements juridiques, et nous les trouverons pour défendre nos convictions.Quant à confondre des lobbies, c’est-à-dire des structures organisées qui emploient des gens rémunérés pour faire valoir leur voix auprès d’un ministre ou d’un parlementaire, avec des citoyens engagés, dont je conviens qu’ils peuvent être embêtants… Quand je reçois des courriels d’extrême droite me demandant de renvoyer tous les étrangers parce que ce sont des islamistes radicaux en puissance, je ne donne pas suite et je n’assimile pas cela à du lobbying.Si les citoyens dont vous parlez étaient des lobbyistes, ils auraient sans doute une oreille plus attentive de la part du ministre, ce qui n’est évidemment pas le cas. Il est de notre responsabilité de ne pas céder aux lobbies mais de céder à la science et à la raison, à ce qui a été démontré et prouvé à maintes reprises.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 211,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212506",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5f1d04e4630b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "M. Savignat mettait tout à l’heure en doute notre rigueur juridique, mais les arrêtés pris par le ministre, les décrets et les autorisations de mise sur le marché sont parfaitement attaquables devant la Cour de justice de la République pour les motifs que j’ai indiqués tout à l’heure. Je ne suis donc pas inquiet car, lorsqu’on veut faire de la politique et faire valoir ses arguments, on trouve toujours des fondements juridiques, et nous les trouverons pour défendre nos convictions.Quant à confondre des lobbies, c’est-à-dire des structures organisées qui emploient des gens rémunérés pour faire valoir leur voix auprès d’un ministre ou d’un parlementaire, avec des citoyens engagés, dont je conviens qu’ils peuvent être embêtants… Quand je reçois des courriels d’extrême droite me demandant de renvoyer tous les étrangers parce que ce sont des islamistes radicaux en puissance, je ne donne pas suite et je n’assimile pas cela à du lobbying.Si les citoyens dont vous parlez étaient des lobbyistes, ils auraient sans doute une oreille plus attentive de la part du ministre, ce qui n’est évidemment pas le cas. Il est de notre responsabilité de ne pas céder aux lobbies mais de céder à la science et à la raison, à ce qui a été démontré et prouvé à maintes reprises."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212510",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212510"
   ],
   "order": 613,
   "text": "Ceux qui vous interpellent depuis tous les bancs au sujet des nappes phréatiques, de la qualité de l’eau et du rôle du conseil de surveillance le font en vertu de leur expérience de ces néonicotinoïdes. Je ne sais donc pas comment vous pouvez, en votre âme et conscience, admettre que vous prenez une mauvaise décision.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 55,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212510",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd1d4f58ad27c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ceux qui vous interpellent depuis tous les bancs au sujet des nappes phréatiques, de la qualité de l’eau et du rôle du conseil de surveillance le font en vertu de leur expérience de ces néonicotinoïdes. Je ne sais donc pas comment vous pouvez, en votre âme et conscience, admettre que vous prenez une mauvaise décision."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212513",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212513"
   ],
   "order": 616,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à ce que le rapport du conseil détaille la répartition géographique de l’usage de la dérogation. En effet, le Gouvernement est en train de mettre en place des contrats de transition écologique dans tout le pays, contrats dont le préfet de région nous a expliqué qu’ils seraient des modèles pour tous les contrats de la ruralité. Certains agriculteurs de mon territoire se sont engagés dans ces contrats de transition écologique, et j’aimerais que l’on puisse identifier les lieux sans néonicotinoïdes et que ceux à qui on le doit en soient fiers. (MM. Cédric Villani et Ugo Bernalicis applaudissent.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212513",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nca617f15921e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à ce que le rapport du conseil détaille la répartition géographique de l’usage de la dérogation. En effet, le Gouvernement est en train de mettre en place des contrats de transition écologique dans tout le pays, contrats dont le préfet de région nous a expliqué qu’ils seraient des modèles pour tous les contrats de la ruralité. Certains agriculteurs de mon territoire se sont engagés dans ces contrats de transition écologique, et j’aimerais que l’on puisse identifier les lieux sans néonicotinoïdes et que ceux à qui on le doit en soient fiers. (MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212515",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212515"
   ],
   "order": 618,
   "text": "Le conseil de surveillance, je le répète, a pour mission d’assurer un suivi et une évaluation complète de la mise en œuvre et des dérogations accordées. Cela inclut donc une dimension géographique. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212515",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncf1bbb52c8d8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le conseil de surveillance, je le répète, a pour mission d’assurer un suivi et une évaluation complète de la mise en œuvre et des dérogations accordées. Cela inclut donc une dimension géographique. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212523",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212523"
   ],
   "order": 626,
   "text": "Le rapporteur fait une confusion, dans sa réponse, entre l’évaluation du conseil, qui se fait a posteriori, et l’examen a priori que propose cet amendement –⁠ qui doit permettre d’identifier les territoires qui pourraient ne pas être touchés.L’évaluation de votre comité de surveillance arrive trop tard et ne sert qu’à constater ce qui a été fait. Donc, soit le rapporteur a mal lu, soit il est de mauvaise foi, soit il est trop tard, voire les trois à la fois, mais, par respect pour nos collègues, cessez d’utiliser des arguments qui n’en sont pas !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212523",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne09367235c8d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le rapporteur fait une confusion, dans sa réponse, entre l’évaluation du conseil, qui se fait a posteriori, et l’examen a priori que propose cet amendement –⁠ qui doit permettre d’identifier les territoires qui pourraient ne pas être touchés.L’évaluation de votre comité de surveillance arrive trop tard et ne sert qu’à constater ce qui a été fait. Donc, soit le rapporteur a mal lu, soit il est de mauvaise foi, soit il est trop tard, voire les trois à la fois, mais, par respect pour nos collègues, cessez d’utiliser des arguments qui n’en sont pas !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212526",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212526"
   ],
   "order": 628,
   "text": "Nous avons bien compris que vous ne voulez aucune espèce de régulation sur le sujet et que vous souhaitez que chacun puisse faire comme il veut, où il veut, quand il veut, ce qui tout à fait dans l’état d’esprit de ce gouvernement libéral.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212526",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N17f33e9b2c35",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons bien compris que vous ne voulez aucune espèce de régulation sur le sujet et que vous souhaitez que chacun puisse faire comme il veut, où il veut, quand il veut, ce qui tout à fait dans l’état d’esprit de ce gouvernement libéral."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212531",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212531"
   ],
   "order": 633,
   "text": "Nous proposons la suppression de l’alinéa 9 et donc du rapport remis par votre conseil factice. En effet, nous en connaissons déjà les conclusions : l’apparition de la jaunisse de la betterave n’est pas liée à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, mais à un mal bien plus grand, le modèle agro-industriel productiviste.Voilà l’occasion pour moi d’en remettre une couche sur le fait que ni la filière ni notre souveraineté alimentaire ne sont menacées, car la France est le premier producteur européen de sucre de betterave et il faudrait qu’elle perde un tiers de sa production pour passer derrière l’Allemagne, second producteur de l’Union européenne.Vous évoquiez, monsieur le ministre, le sucre polonais que nous serions contraint de mettre dans noter café et dans noter yaourt si nous ne soutenions pas la filière. Or la production française est consacrée pour moitié à l’exportation et pour moitié à la consommation intérieure –⁠ pour trois millions de tonnes de sucre chaque année, 2 millions étant destinés à la consommation alimentaire, dont seulement 10 % pour le sucre d’utilisation directe et 60 % pour les produits transformés, le million restant étant consacré à l’industrie non alimentaire.Pour que nous en soyons à utiliser du sucre polonais, il faudrait donc que nous ne soyons plus capables d’assurer 3 % de notre production actuelle, c’est dire si nous sommes loin d’avoir un problème de souveraineté alimentaire !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 227,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212531",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc80e6feff010",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons la suppression de l’alinéa 9 et donc du rapport remis par votre conseil factice. En effet, nous en connaissons déjà les conclusions : l’apparition de la jaunisse de la betterave n’est pas liée à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, mais à un mal bien plus grand, le modèle agro-industriel productiviste.Voilà l’occasion pour moi d’en remettre une couche sur le fait que ni la filière ni notre souveraineté alimentaire ne sont menacées, car la France est le premier producteur européen de sucre de betterave et il faudrait qu’elle perde un tiers de sa production pour passer derrière l’Allemagne, second producteur de l’Union européenne.Vous évoquiez, monsieur le ministre, le sucre polonais que nous serions contraint de mettre dans noter café et dans noter yaourt si nous ne soutenions pas la filière. Or la production française est consacrée pour moitié à l’exportation et pour moitié à la consommation intérieure –⁠ pour trois millions de tonnes de sucre chaque année, 2 millions étant destinés à la consommation alimentaire, dont seulement 10 % pour le sucre d’utilisation directe et 60 % pour les produits transformés, le million restant étant consacré à l’industrie non alimentaire.Pour que nous en soyons à utiliser du sucre polonais, il faudrait donc que nous ne soyons plus capables d’assurer 3 % de notre production actuelle, c’est dire si nous sommes loin d’avoir un problème de souveraineté alimentaire !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212536",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212536"
   ],
   "order": 635,
   "text": "Plutôt que de s’enfoncer dans un modèle de surproduction à grand renfort de pesticides, n’est-il donc pas plutôt temps de questionner notre usage du sucre, de planifier la production d’autres produits essentiels à la souveraineté alimentaire et de faire enfin évoluer les modes de rémunération des agriculteurs, pris au piège des logiques de marché ?Vous autorisez une dérogation dans toutes les régions, y compris celles qui sont très peu touchées par la jaunisse, comme les Hauts-de-France, l’une des principales régions de production de betterave.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212536",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8e7b85f5c7e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Plutôt que de s’enfoncer dans un modèle de surproduction à grand renfort de pesticides, n’est-il donc pas plutôt temps de questionner notre usage du sucre, de planifier la production d’autres produits essentiels à la souveraineté alimentaire et de faire enfin évoluer les modes de rémunération des agriculteurs, pris au piège des logiques de marché ?Vous autorisez une dérogation dans toutes les régions, y compris celles qui sont très peu touchées par la jaunisse, comme les Hauts-de-France, l’une des principales régions de production de betterave."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212704",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212704"
   ],
   "order": 637,
   "text": "J’ajouterai, pour terminer, que vous prévoyez une dérogation pour toutes les régions, y compris certaines qui sont très peu touchées par la jaunisse comme les Hauts-de-France, une des principales régions de production des betteraves. Ces traitements préventifs sont incompatibles avec… (L’oratrice poursuit son propos hors micro.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212704",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf6c2f15d1762",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ajouterai, pour terminer, que vous prévoyez une dérogation pour toutes les régions, y compris certaines qui sont très peu touchées par la jaunisse comme les Hauts-de-France, une des principales régions de production des betteraves. Ces traitements préventifs sont incompatibles avec… (L’oratrice poursuit son propos hors micro.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1695",
   "speaker": "Christian Jacob",
   "quality": "M. Christian Jacob",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212710",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212710"
   ],
   "order": 643,
   "text": "On veut bien tout entendre, mais de là à nous expliquer que le puceron vert est lié au libéralisme, ça suffit ! Il y a des limites à l’exercice !",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212710",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N551700459ddb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On veut bien tout entendre, mais de là à nous expliquer que le puceron vert est lié au libéralisme, ça suffit ! Il y a des limites à l’exercice !"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1695",
   "speaker": "Christian Jacob",
   "quality": "M. Christian Jacob",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212717",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212717"
   ],
   "order": 651,
   "text": "Soit on abandonne entièrement le secteur agricole, soit on essaie de le maintenir, c’est-à-dire de favoriser la recherche variétale ; sinon, nous n’aurons pas de variétés résistantes aux virus. Mais vous êtes aussi contre la recherche, contre toutes les solutions permettant à l’agriculture de se développer.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212717",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5f86c19b917f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Soit on abandonne entièrement le secteur agricole, soit on essaie de le maintenir, c’est-à-dire de favoriser la recherche variétale ; sinon, nous n’aurons pas de variétés résistantes aux virus. Mais vous êtes aussi contre la recherche, contre toutes les solutions permettant à l’agriculture de se développer."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA1695",
   "speaker": "Christian Jacob",
   "quality": "M. Christian Jacob",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212719",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212719"
   ],
   "order": 653,
   "text": "Alors que la demande alimentaire mondiale augmente, la France perd des parts de marché. Elle a besoin de les maintenir ; pour ce faire, elle a besoins de ces trois années, que nous demandons. Tout cela est sérieux et n’est pas discutable sur le fond. Vous êtes dans des polémiques dogmatiques…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212719",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3ec874e590dc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que la demande alimentaire mondiale augmente, la France perd des parts de marché. Elle a besoin de les maintenir ; pour ce faire, elle a besoins de ces trois années, que nous demandons. Tout cela est sérieux et n’est pas discutable sur le fond. Vous êtes dans des polémiques dogmatiques…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722228",
   "speaker": "Jean-Claude Leclabart",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Claude Leclabart",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212726",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212726"
   ],
   "order": 661,
   "text": "L’alinéa 9 de l’article 1er vise à fixer la remise au Gouvernement et au Parlement d’un rapport annuel par le conseil de surveillance au 15 janvier. La remise de ce rapport annuel au 15 octobre apparaît plus adaptée au regard des exigences agronomiques et d’organisation de la chaîne de valeur et du calendrier réglementaire.L’avancement de la date de remise du rapport annuel au 15 octobre doit permettre de donner plus de respiration dans le calendrier, afin d’adapter le cadre dérogatoire aux évolutions des solutions identifiées, au calendrier de livraison des semences de betteraves et au processus réglementaire d’application de la dérogation, par décret ministériel puis actes réglementaires établissant le cadre dérogatoire.Par ailleurs, dans la plus grande partie des autres pays européens, les dérogations d’usage de néonicotinoïdes sont octroyées entre septembre et décembre pour application au printemps. La France devra établir son calendrier dans ce laps de temps, eu égard au risque endémique de prolifération de pucerons, aux contraintes de commercialisation, production et livraisons de semences et à la taille de la filière française, qui oblige à une certaine visibilité pour permettre à cette dernière de s’organiser.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 186,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212726",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb9d1d883718c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’alinéa 9 de l’article 1er vise à fixer la remise au Gouvernement et au Parlement d’un rapport annuel par le conseil de surveillance au 15 janvier. La remise de ce rapport annuel au 15 octobre apparaît plus adaptée au regard des exigences agronomiques et d’organisation de la chaîne de valeur et du calendrier réglementaire.L’avancement de la date de remise du rapport annuel au 15 octobre doit permettre de donner plus de respiration dans le calendrier, afin d’adapter le cadre dérogatoire aux évolutions des solutions identifiées, au calendrier de livraison des semences de betteraves et au processus réglementaire d’application de la dérogation, par décret ministériel puis actes réglementaires établissant le cadre dérogatoire.Par ailleurs, dans la plus grande partie des autres pays européens, les dérogations d’usage de néonicotinoïdes sont octroyées entre septembre et décembre pour application au printemps. La France devra établir son calendrier dans ce laps de temps, eu égard au risque endémique de prolifération de pucerons, aux contraintes de commercialisation, production et livraisons de semences et à la taille de la filière française, qui oblige à une certaine visibilité pour permettre à cette dernière de s’organiser."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212731",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212731"
   ],
   "order": 664,
   "text": "Monsieur Jacob, je suis pour une agriculture exemplaire, pour des agriculteurs bien intégrés dans leur ruralité, que l’on ne montre pas du doigt et que l’on accompagne dans une mutation. Nous ne sommes pas du tout contre l’agriculture, bien au contraire.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212731",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3a953da2a81b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Jacob, je suis pour une agriculture exemplaire, pour des agriculteurs bien intégrés dans leur ruralité, que l’on ne montre pas du doigt et que l’on accompagne dans une mutation. Nous ne sommes pas du tout contre l’agriculture, bien au contraire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212733",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212733"
   ],
   "order": 666,
   "text": "Le rapport du conseil de surveillance ne doit pas seulement être remis au Gouvernement et au Parlement, mais également à l’Office français de la biodiversité qui, à mon avis, a toute sa place ici.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212733",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nff14ecdf84fc",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le rapport du conseil de surveillance ne doit pas seulement être remis au Gouvernement et au Parlement, mais également à l’Office français de la biodiversité qui, à mon avis, a toute sa place ici."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212735",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212735"
   ],
   "order": 668,
   "text": "Le rapport du conseil de surveillance est public. Il ne paraît donc pas nécessaire de le remettre à l’Office français de la biodiversité qui y aura accès comme l’ensemble des citoyens. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212735",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6b5edfab5f48",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le rapport du conseil de surveillance est public. Il ne paraît donc pas nécessaire de le remettre à l’Office français de la biodiversité qui y aura accès comme l’ensemble des citoyens. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720672",
   "speaker": "Robert Therry",
   "quality": "M. Robert Therry",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212739",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212739"
   ],
   "order": 671,
   "text": "Nous vous proposons de compléter l’alinéa 9 par la phrase suivante : « Ce conseil enjoint les acteurs de l’industrie phytosanitaire à proposer, au plus tard le 1er juillet 2023, des alternatives à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes préservant la biodiversité et, en particulier, les abeilles. »Cet amendement vise à renforcer la mission du conseil de surveillance, afin que s’y ajoute notamment celle de solliciter, d’encourager, voire de contraindre les acteurs de l’industrie phytosanitaire à rechercher activement une solution alternative à l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes dans toute culture en cas de menace sanitaire telle que celle qui affecte actuellement la culture de la betterave.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212739",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N402dd3e65d9b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous vous proposons de compléter l’alinéa 9 par la phrase suivante : « Ce conseil enjoint les acteurs de l’industrie phytosanitaire à proposer, au plus tard le 1er juillet 2023, des alternatives à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes préservant la biodiversité et, en particulier, les abeilles. »Cet amendement vise à renforcer la mission du conseil de surveillance, afin que s’y ajoute notamment celle de solliciter, d’encourager, voire de contraindre les acteurs de l’industrie phytosanitaire à rechercher activement une solution alternative à l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes dans toute culture en cas de menace sanitaire telle que celle qui affecte actuellement la culture de la betterave."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267429",
   "speaker": "Dino Cinieri",
   "quality": "M. Dino Cinieri",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212742",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212742"
   ],
   "order": 673,
   "text": "Nous souhaitons accélérer la recherche de solutions alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques. On ne peut pas laisser les agriculteurs sans solution pour protéger les cultures, mais les craintes des apiculteurs doivent aussi être entendues.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212742",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3483e3417ae4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous souhaitons accélérer la recherche de solutions alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques. On ne peut pas laisser les agriculteurs sans solution pour protéger les cultures, mais les craintes des apiculteurs doivent aussi être entendues."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212744",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212744"
   ],
   "order": 675,
   "text": "Il ne me semble pas que le conseil de surveillance ait un pouvoir d’injonction quelconque vis-à-vis de l’industrie phytosanitaire. De plus, l’objectif n’est pas de remplacer de la chimie par de la chimie, mais de remettre un peu de complexité dans les champs. La chimie en fera peut-être partie ; le biocontrôle ou les pratiques culturales seront peut-être les bonnes solutions. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212744",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N79640011e5db",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne me semble pas que le conseil de surveillance ait un pouvoir d’injonction quelconque vis-à-vis de l’industrie phytosanitaire. De plus, l’objectif n’est pas de remplacer de la chimie par de la chimie, mais de remettre un peu de complexité dans les champs. La chimie en fera peut-être partie ; le biocontrôle ou les pratiques culturales seront peut-être les bonnes solutions. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212751",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212751"
   ],
   "order": 682,
   "text": "Depuis le début de l’examen du texte, tout le monde –⁠ même le rapporteur – s’accorde pour reconnaître que ces molécules sont mauvaises et dangereuses. Pourtant, vous essayez de nous faire adopter ce texte contre toute rationalité, et même contre toute raison mathématique : en permettant ces dérogations, les dégâts qui seront causés sur les pollinisateurs –⁠ notamment les abeilles – nous coûteront des milliards chaque année. Il nous faut également prendre en compte la pollution des sols et des nappes phréatiques. La Commission européenne nous épingle régulièrement au sujet du très mauvais état de ces dernières. Les traitements permettant de rendre potables les eaux polluées, notamment par les néonicotinoïdes et tous les métabolites, dont certains ne sont pas encore dans les radars des agences régionales de santé, les ARS, nous coûtent des milliards chaque année.La raison mathématique voudrait que l’on ne vote pas en faveur de ces dérogations, mais que l’on aide à la transition les quelques agriculteurs qui sont en difficulté et qui subissent des pertes de rendement. Cela coûterait quelques dizaines de millions d’euros.M. Christian Jacob nous reproche de ne pas avoir d’arguments ; sans doute a-t-il raté ceux que nous développons depuis quelques heures. Il balance des chiffres qui sont absolument faux, notamment celui des emplois dans la filière –⁠ 50 000. Ce chiffre émane du groupe Tereos, dont les projections sont pour le moins fantaisistes, puisque pour chaque emploi direct dans la filière, quatorze emplois induits sont dénombrés. Le Président de la République avait dit qu’il n’y a pas d’argent magique ; Tereos invente les emplois magiques ! Je ne sais pas s’il y a une autre filière qui fasse aussi bien, ni même moitié moins : quatorze emplois induits pour un emploi direct ! Cela me semble absolument irraisonnable. Monsieur Jacob, évitez de répéter les bêtises que l’on vous souffle à l’oreille. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 315,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212751",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N615ab6296e52",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis le début de l’examen du texte, tout le monde –⁠ même le rapporteur – s’accorde pour reconnaître que ces molécules sont mauvaises et dangereuses. Pourtant, vous essayez de nous faire adopter ce texte contre toute rationalité, et même contre toute raison mathématique : en permettant ces dérogations, les dégâts qui seront causés sur les pollinisateurs –⁠ notamment les abeilles – nous coûteront des milliards chaque année. Il nous faut également prendre en compte la pollution des sols et des nappes phréatiques. La Commission européenne nous épingle régulièrement au sujet du très mauvais état de ces dernières. Les traitements permettant de rendre potables les eaux polluées, notamment par les néonicotinoïdes et tous les métabolites, dont certains ne sont pas encore dans les radars des agences régionales de santé, les ARS, nous coûtent des milliards chaque année.La raison mathématique voudrait que l’on ne vote pas en faveur de ces dérogations, mais que l’on aide à la transition les quelques agriculteurs qui sont en difficulté et qui subissent des pertes de rendement. Cela coûterait quelques dizaines de millions d’euros.M. [PERSONNE] nous reproche de ne pas avoir d’arguments ; sans doute a-t-il raté ceux que nous développons depuis quelques heures. Il balance des chiffres qui sont absolument faux, notamment celui des emplois dans la filière –⁠ 50 000. Ce chiffre émane du groupe Tereos, dont les projections sont pour le moins fantaisistes, puisque pour chaque emploi direct dans la filière, quatorze emplois induits sont dénombrés. Le Président de la République avait dit qu’il n’y a pas d’argent magique ; Tereos invente les emplois magiques ! Je ne sais pas s’il y a une autre filière qui fasse aussi bien, ni même moitié moins : quatorze emplois induits pour un emploi direct ! Cela me semble absolument irraisonnable. Monsieur Jacob, évitez de répéter les bêtises que l’on vous souffle à l’oreille. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Garot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212755",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212755"
   ],
   "order": 684,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à supprimer l’alinéa 10 qui prévoit l’entrée en vigueur du 1o du I au plus tard le 31 décembre 2020. Or l’ANSES prépare un intéressant rapport concernant les solutions alternatives à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave. Quand donc ce rapport sera-t-il publié ? Au plus tard à la fin du mois de janvier 2021. Il suffirait donc d’attendre un peu pour être instruits et éclairés par les conclusions de ce rapport, avant même que d’avoir à se prononcer sur le présent texte. Pourquoi cette précipitation, alors que nous pourrions bénéficier de lumières beaucoup plus savantes si, je le répète, nous attendions un tout petit peu plus ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212755",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N332594081400",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à supprimer l’alinéa 10 qui prévoit l’entrée en vigueur du 1o du I au plus tard le 31 décembre 2020. Or l’ANSES prépare un intéressant rapport concernant les solutions alternatives à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave. Quand donc ce rapport sera-t-il publié ? Au plus tard à la fin du mois de janvier 2021. Il suffirait donc d’attendre un peu pour être instruits et éclairés par les conclusions de ce rapport, avant même que d’avoir à se prononcer sur le présent texte. Pourquoi cette précipitation, alors que nous pourrions bénéficier de lumières beaucoup plus savantes si, je le répète, nous attendions un tout petit peu plus ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212761",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212761"
   ],
   "order": 690,
   "text": "Ensuite, l’ANSES rend deux avis : l’un, fin novembre, sur les utilisations et qui permettra d’aiguiller le contenu des arrêtés ; l’autre, attendu pour le début de l’année 2021, est l’actualisation de l’étude de 2018. En effet, à cette date, l’ANSES venait d’autoriser deux autres solutions chimiques, le Movento et le Teppeki, que nous ne connaissions pas encore. Nous avons demandé à l’ANSES d’actualiser son étude de 2018, bien que tout le monde sur le terrain sache que ces deux solutions ne fonctionnent pas.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212761",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N27108bca3544",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ensuite, l’ANSES rend deux avis : l’un, fin novembre, sur les utilisations et qui permettra d’aiguiller le contenu des arrêtés ; l’autre, attendu pour le début de l’année 2021, est l’actualisation de l’étude de 2018. En effet, à cette date, l’ANSES venait d’autoriser deux autres solutions chimiques, le Movento et le Teppeki, que nous ne connaissions pas encore. Nous avons demandé à l’ANSES d’actualiser son étude de 2018, bien que tout le monde sur le terrain sache que ces deux solutions ne fonctionnent pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212765",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212765"
   ],
   "order": 694,
   "text": "En ce qui concerne les légumineuses, nous sommes déficitaires de 2,5 à 3 milliards d’euros. Il est sans doute possible d’augmenter la production, chez nous, de produits que nous importons –⁠ je crois que nous savons faire pousser des légumes – et diminuer d’autres productions, qui ne correspondent pas au modèle agricole qui nous permet de joindre tous les bouts : la diversification, la biodiversité et le respect du vivant, des sols et de l’eau. Nous pourrions démultiplier les exemples ; ainsi, un plan concerne les protéines végétales, parce que nous dépendons aussi beaucoup des importations de soja.Il existe des marges de progression pour des filières rémunératrices, utiles et relocalisées ; pour des produits qui ne feraient plus trois fois le tour de la planète dans des porte-conteneurs polluants comme ce n’est pas permis. Nous sommes favorables à une agriculture relocalisée, raisonnée et durable. Cela tombe bien : regarder la balance commerciale invite plutôt à la diversification qu’à l’entêtement à favoriser des filières hyper-productives et exportatrices qui finissent par être complètement sens dessus dessous à la première jaunisse venue parce que l’on n’est pas capable d’y faire face. C’est la réalité. Et oui, monsieur Jacob, nous ne défendons pas le même modèle agricole ; de ce côté de l’hémicycle, les lobbies ne nous soufflent pas dans le creux de l’oreille.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 220,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2212765",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N92f9b6ef16b7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En ce qui concerne les légumineuses, nous sommes déficitaires de 2,5 à 3 milliards d’euros. Il est sans doute possible d’augmenter la production, chez nous, de produits que nous importons –⁠ je crois que nous savons faire pousser des légumes – et diminuer d’autres productions, qui ne correspondent pas au modèle agricole qui nous permet de joindre tous les bouts : la diversification, la biodiversité et le respect du vivant, des sols et de l’eau. Nous pourrions démultiplier les exemples ; ainsi, un plan concerne les protéines végétales, parce que nous dépendons aussi beaucoup des importations de soja.Il existe des marges de progression pour des filières rémunératrices, utiles et relocalisées ; pour des produits qui ne feraient plus trois fois le tour de la planète dans des porte-conteneurs polluants comme ce n’est pas permis. Nous sommes favorables à une agriculture relocalisée, raisonnée et durable. Cela tombe bien : regarder la balance commerciale invite plutôt à la diversification qu’à l’entêtement à favoriser des filières hyper-productives et exportatrices qui finissent par être complètement sens dessus dessous à la première jaunisse venue parce que l’on n’est pas capable d’y faire face. C’est la réalité. Et oui, monsieur Jacob, nous ne défendons pas le même modèle agricole ; de ce côté de l’hémicycle, les lobbies ne nous soufflent pas dans le creux de l’oreille."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213000",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213000"
   ],
   "order": 706,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à ouvrir les registres de données relatives à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, leur exploitation scientifique s’effectuant avec des registres dûment anonymisés. Une telle démarche de science ouverte et participative correspond aux tendances actuelles de la science, à la volonté d’accélérer la recherche sur les néonicotinoïdes, à l’orientation de nos débats sur le projet de loi de programmation pluriannuelle de la recherche, mais également au fait que l’une des études les plus instructives en la matière, portant sur la contamination des sols en Suisse, est née d’une expérience de science participative menée en 2013 par des chercheurs de Neuchâtel.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213000",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N38fe04291400",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à ouvrir les registres de données relatives à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, leur exploitation scientifique s’effectuant avec des registres dûment anonymisés. Une telle démarche de science ouverte et participative correspond aux tendances actuelles de la science, à la volonté d’accélérer la recherche sur les néonicotinoïdes, à l’orientation de nos débats sur le projet de loi de programmation pluriannuelle de la recherche, mais également au fait que l’une des études les plus instructives en la matière, portant sur la contamination des sols en Suisse, est née d’une expérience de science participative menée en 2013 par des chercheurs de Neuchâtel."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213002",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213002"
   ],
   "order": 708,
   "text": "J’ai dit, en donnant mon avis sur l’amendement no 10, qu’il existait déjà un registre phytosanitaire, que tous les utilisateurs à titre professionnel sont tenus de remplir. L’avis est donc défavorable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213002",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfb7476fa333f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai dit, en donnant mon avis sur l’amendement no 10, qu’il existait déjà un registre phytosanitaire, que tous les utilisateurs à titre professionnel sont tenus de remplir. L’avis est donc défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213004",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213004"
   ],
   "order": 710,
   "text": "Même avis. Monsieur Villani, vous souhaitez que les données soient rendues publiques : même si celles-ci sont anonymisées, on ne les rend pas toutes publiques, on transmet simplement des touches représentatives. Je propose que l’on maintienne ce système, d’autant que l’évolution proposée serait très lourde, puisqu’il faudrait recueillir et numériser l’ensemble de ces fameux cahiers que doivent enregistrer les agriculteurs.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213004",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7e4c52060b2d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis. Monsieur Villani, vous souhaitez que les données soient rendues publiques : même si celles-ci sont anonymisées, on ne les rend pas toutes publiques, on transmet simplement des touches représentatives. Je propose que l’on maintienne ce système, d’autant que l’évolution proposée serait très lourde, puisqu’il faudrait recueillir et numériser l’ensemble de ces fameux cahiers que doivent enregistrer les agriculteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213008",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213008"
   ],
   "order": 714,
   "text": "Aux collègues de la majorité qui souhaitaient que les dérogations soient limitées à la betterave, il a été dit que l’article 2 le leur assurait. Or il n’a échappé à personne que la disposition de cet article n’a pas été intégrée dans l’article 1er : elle a donc probablement vocation à être censurée par le Conseil constitutionnel, ce qui rendra fictive la limitation des dérogations.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213008",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8010d73d56be",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Aux collègues de la majorité qui souhaitaient que les dérogations soient limitées à la betterave, il a été dit que l’article 2 le leur assurait. Or il n’a échappé à personne que la disposition de cet article n’a pas été intégrée dans l’article 1er : elle a donc probablement vocation à être censurée par le Conseil constitutionnel, ce qui rendra fictive la limitation des dérogations."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213010",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213010"
   ],
   "order": 716,
   "text": "Nous débutons l’examen de l’article 2 qui restreint les dérogations au seul emploi de semences de betteraves sucrières. Nous avons voté la mise en place d’un conseil de surveillance et de contrôle.Au nom du groupe La République en Marche, j’avais déposé pour la séance publique un amendement qui visait à inscrire dans le texte l’alinéa suivant : « Le Gouvernement présente une stratégie de protection des pollinisateurs, qui comporte un volet sur l’utilisation et la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques d’ici le 31 décembre 2020. »Malheureusement, nous avons appris cet après-midi que l’amendement n’était pas recevable car il constituait une injonction au Gouvernement. Comme il me semble que ce sujet est important et que nous n’avons pas encore eu l’occasion de l’aborder, je profite de l’article 2 pour vous demander, monsieur le ministre, de nous présenter la stratégie de protection des pollinisateurs que vous envisagez de déployer et de nous indiquer les délais que vous vous fixez.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 159,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213010",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0f27e056643c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous débutons l’examen de l’article 2 qui restreint les dérogations au seul emploi de semences de betteraves sucrières. Nous avons voté la mise en place d’un conseil de surveillance et de contrôle.Au nom du groupe [GROUPE], j’avais déposé pour la séance publique un amendement qui visait à inscrire dans le texte l’alinéa suivant : « Le Gouvernement présente une stratégie de protection des pollinisateurs, qui comporte un volet sur l’utilisation et la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques d’ici le 31 décembre 2020. »Malheureusement, nous avons appris cet après-midi que l’amendement n’était pas recevable car il constituait une injonction au Gouvernement. Comme il me semble que ce sujet est important et que nous n’avons pas encore eu l’occasion de l’aborder, je profite de l’article 2 pour vous demander, monsieur le ministre, de nous présenter la stratégie de protection des pollinisateurs que vous envisagez de déployer et de nous indiquer les délais que vous vous fixez."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718884",
   "speaker": "Valérie Bazin-Malgras",
   "quality": "Mme Valérie Bazin-Malgras",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213014",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213014"
   ],
   "order": 718,
   "text": "Quand le député Besson-Moreau a traversé la plaine pour venir nous voir dans l’Aube, il a constaté que les champs de betteraves étaient jaunis. Leur rendement sera deux fois moins élevé cette année, alors que les agriculteurs ont énormément investi pour produire de la betterave. Il n’est point besoin d’avoir des lobbies qui nous parlent à l’oreille, monsieur Bernalicis, pour constater l’importance du problème dans des territoires comme les nôtres.Le président Jacob l’a rappelé tout à l’heure, 50 000 emplois sont menacés. Il est donc impératif de voter cette dérogation de trois ans –⁠ les agriculteurs en ont besoin. Vous vous êtes apitoyés sur leur sort l’année dernière à l’occasion de l’examen de la loi EGALIM pour faire en sorte qu’ils soient payés à la hauteur de leur travail : c’est la même question qui se pose dans ce texte. L’enjeu est que les agriculteurs vivent de leur travail et soient correctement payés, donc il faut voter ces dérogations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 166,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213014",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N296a34608069",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quand le député Besson-Moreau a traversé la plaine pour venir nous voir dans l’Aube, il a constaté que les champs de betteraves étaient jaunis. Leur rendement sera deux fois moins élevé cette année, alors que les agriculteurs ont énormément investi pour produire de la betterave. Il n’est point besoin d’avoir des lobbies qui nous parlent à l’oreille, monsieur Bernalicis, pour constater l’importance du problème dans des territoires comme les nôtres.Le président Jacob l’a rappelé tout à l’heure, 50 000 emplois sont menacés. Il est donc impératif de voter cette dérogation de trois ans –⁠ les agriculteurs en ont besoin. Vous vous êtes apitoyés sur leur sort l’année dernière à l’occasion de l’examen de la loi EGALIM pour faire en sorte qu’ils soient payés à la hauteur de leur travail : c’est la même question qui se pose dans ce texte. L’enjeu est que les agriculteurs vivent de leur travail et soient correctement payés, donc il faut voter ces dérogations. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Garot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213017",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213017"
   ],
   "order": 720,
   "text": "L’article 2 fait une fausse promesse, celle de laisser penser que la dérogation ne concerne que les betteraves, alors que nous savons bien, M. le rapporteur le premier, que le Conseil constitutionnel risque fort de censurer l’article, auquel cas toute dérogation en faveur d’autres productions serait possible. Or les producteurs de maïs se sont déjà précipités pour demander la remise en cause de certaines interdictions.Il n’y aucune raison de penser que vous résisteriez demain à des demandes d’abandon de l’interdiction pesant sur l’utilisation de certains produits dans d’autres filières. Ce qui se passe aujourd’hui avec les betteraviers pourrait se passer demain avec d’autres agriculteurs.Pour ces raisons, il est indispensable de supprimer l’article 2.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213017",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2f323d5e93cb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 fait une fausse promesse, celle de laisser penser que la dérogation ne concerne que les betteraves, alors que nous savons bien, M. le rapporteur le premier, que le Conseil constitutionnel risque fort de censurer l’article, auquel cas toute dérogation en faveur d’autres productions serait possible. Or les producteurs de maïs se sont déjà précipités pour demander la remise en cause de certaines interdictions.Il n’y aucune raison de penser que vous résisteriez demain à des demandes d’abandon de l’interdiction pesant sur l’utilisation de certains produits dans d’autres filières. Ce qui se passe aujourd’hui avec les betteraviers pourrait se passer demain avec d’autres agriculteurs.Pour ces raisons, il est indispensable de supprimer l’article 2."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213021",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213021"
   ],
   "order": 722,
   "text": "L’article 2 veut nous faire croire que la dérogation est limitée à la betterave.Les causes réelles de la crise du secteur et de la dépendance des paysans betteraviers ont été éludées. Si vous pensez sauver les agriculteurs par un tel renoncement environnemental, sachez que la pression qui pèse sur eux est celle du marché, bien plus que celle de la jaunisse.Dès 2006, à la suite de la réforme de l’organisation commune des marchés du sucre, l’industrie sucrière française a connu une restructuration sans précédent avec la fermeture de plusieurs usines. La dernière réforme, qui date de 2017 et qui a supprimé les quotas et le prix minimal garanti de la betterave, a entraîné une seconde restructuration. Aussi, depuis trois ans, la filière fait-elle face à des problèmes structurels liés à une combinaison mortifère composée de la fin des quotas, de la dérégulation du marché et de la concurrence du sucre mondial.La surproduction, choisie et organisée par les industriels, impose une situation catastrophique aux producteurs de betteraves. Désormais, pour répondre à la demande des entreprises sucrières et obtenir une rémunération, ils doivent avoir des rendements maximums : toute perte, même marginale, devient impossible à supporter économiquement.Prenons l’exemple de Tereos, coopérative implantée dans dix-huit pays, qui a racheté de nombreuses entreprises sucrières, notamment au Brésil et qui est le premier producteur mondial de sucre. Tereos bénéficie des avantages fiscaux des coopératives et elle est devenue le premier concurrent des producteurs français. Il y a deux ans, bien avant les effets de la jaunisse, Tereos a annoncé la fermeture de nouvelles usines, poursuivant la restructuration de la filière, afin de minimiser ses charges et de maximiser ses profits sur le dos des producteurs. La mécanique est parfaitement rodée : l’organisation de la surproduction à l’échelle mondiale assure à Tereos d’avoir toujours du sucre à disposition et à des prix très bas.Approuver ce projet de loi, même pour une dérogation courte dans le temps et limitée à la betterave revient à soutenir la politique de produire toujours plus avec toutes les béquilles chimiques possibles. L’approuver, c’est répondre favorablement à l’injonction de la filière, donc des industriels qui la dirigent, et enfermer un peu plus les producteurs dans les griffes du marché de l’industrie sucrière. (M. Ugo Bernalicis et Mme Mathilde Panot applaudissent.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 378,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213021",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf00497474bc",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 veut nous faire croire que la dérogation est limitée à la betterave.Les causes réelles de la crise du secteur et de la dépendance des paysans betteraviers ont été éludées. Si vous pensez sauver les agriculteurs par un tel renoncement environnemental, sachez que la pression qui pèse sur eux est celle du marché, bien plus que celle de la jaunisse.Dès 2006, à la suite de la réforme de l’organisation commune des marchés du sucre, l’industrie sucrière française a connu une restructuration sans précédent avec la fermeture de plusieurs usines. La dernière réforme, qui date de 2017 et qui a supprimé les quotas et le prix minimal garanti de la betterave, a entraîné une seconde restructuration. Aussi, depuis trois ans, la filière fait-elle face à des problèmes structurels liés à une combinaison mortifère composée de la fin des quotas, de la dérégulation du marché et de la concurrence du sucre mondial.La surproduction, choisie et organisée par les industriels, impose une situation catastrophique aux producteurs de betteraves. Désormais, pour répondre à la demande des entreprises sucrières et obtenir une rémunération, ils doivent avoir des rendements maximums : toute perte, même marginale, devient impossible à supporter économiquement.Prenons l’exemple de Tereos, coopérative implantée dans dix-huit pays, qui a racheté de nombreuses entreprises sucrières, notamment au Brésil et qui est le premier producteur mondial de sucre. Tereos bénéficie des avantages fiscaux des coopératives et elle est devenue le premier concurrent des producteurs français. Il y a deux ans, bien avant les effets de la jaunisse, Tereos a annoncé la fermeture de nouvelles usines, poursuivant la restructuration de la filière, afin de minimiser ses charges et de maximiser ses profits sur le dos des producteurs. La mécanique est parfaitement rodée : l’organisation de la surproduction à l’échelle mondiale assure à Tereos d’avoir toujours du sucre à disposition et à des prix très bas.Approuver ce projet de loi, même pour une dérogation courte dans le temps et limitée à la betterave revient à soutenir la politique de produire toujours plus avec toutes les béquilles chimiques possibles. L’approuver, c’est répondre favorablement à l’injonction de la filière, donc des industriels qui la dirigent, et enfermer un peu plus les producteurs dans les griffes du marché de l’industrie sucrière. (M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213029",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213029"
   ],
   "order": 724,
   "text": "Comme cela a été indiqué, notamment par M. le ministre, l’article 2 vise à circonscrire la dérogation à la filière betteravière. Quoi qu’il en soit, vous ne pourrez pas justifier un refus de dérogation à d’autres cultures que celle de la betterave, car cet article ne suffit pas pour le faire.Il est nécessaire de changer l’intégralité de notre modèle de production…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213029",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nedd7158ec561",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme cela a été indiqué, notamment par M. le ministre, l’article 2 vise à circonscrire la dérogation à la filière betteravière. Quoi qu’il en soit, vous ne pourrez pas justifier un refus de dérogation à d’autres cultures que celle de la betterave, car cet article ne suffit pas pour le faire.Il est nécessaire de changer l’intégralité de notre modèle de production…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213032",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213032"
   ],
   "order": 726,
   "text": "…et de l’orienter vers une agriculture paysanne et respectueuse de l’environnement. Pour ce faire, il faut apporter un soutien financier et faire en sorte que la recherche aide les agriculteurs. C’est là que doit intervenir la puissance publique, qui, garante de l’intérêt général, ne doit pas agir au service des lobbies en dérégulant les normes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213032",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6d1319a72a7f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BIMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et de l’orienter vers une agriculture paysanne et respectueuse de l’environnement. Pour ce faire, il faut apporter un soutien financier et faire en sorte que la recherche aide les agriculteurs. C’est là que doit intervenir la puissance publique, qui, garante de l’intérêt général, ne doit pas agir au service des lobbies en dérégulant les normes. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213037",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213037"
   ],
   "order": 731,
   "text": "Même avis.Madame Taurine, la confiance n’exclut pas le contrôle : le compte rendu qui paraîtra au Journal officiel fera état de mon engagement, pris en tant que ministre, de limiter cette dérogation à la betterave sucrière. Vous pourriez vous interroger sur ce qui se passera quand je ne serai plus ministre,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213037",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8d970b7c5385",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis.Madame Taurine, la confiance n’exclut pas le contrôle : le compte rendu qui paraîtra au Journal officiel fera état de mon engagement, pris en tant que ministre, de limiter cette dérogation à la betterave sucrière. Vous pourriez vous interroger sur ce qui se passera quand je ne serai plus ministre,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213040",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213040"
   ],
   "order": 733,
   "text": "…question à laquelle l’article 2 répond en précisant la limite de la dérogation. Le point le plus important est mon engagement à ce que cette dérogation ne concerne que la betterave.Monsieur Fugit, nous allons élaborer un plan sur les pollinisateurs avant la fin de l’année : il est évident que je m’engage à ce nous le concevions ensemble. Des réunions sont d’ailleurs prévues avec plusieurs d’entre vous sur le sujet. L’une des questions essentielles est de trouver les moyens d’augmenter la quantité de nutrition entre le mois de mars et l’été.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 91,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2213040",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na3f009a881ce",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…question à laquelle l’article 2 répond en précisant la limite de la dérogation. Le point le plus important est mon engagement à ce que cette dérogation ne concerne que la betterave.Monsieur Fugit, nous allons élaborer un plan sur les pollinisateurs avant la fin de l’année : il est évident que je m’engage à ce nous le concevions ensemble. Des réunions sont d’ailleurs prévues avec plusieurs d’entre vous sur le sujet. L’une des questions essentielles est de trouver les moyens d’augmenter la quantité de nutrition entre le mois de mars et l’été."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211798",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211798"
   ],
   "order": 741,
   "text": "M. le ministre a cité la Pologne ; par cet amendement, nous voulons exprimer notre refus des néonicotinoïdes pour la France, pour l’Europe et pour le monde. À l’échelle européenne, il est urgent que la France se mobilise pour que la Commission mette fin aux dérogations à l’interdiction des trois principaux néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211798",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf5f6110bc7ab",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "M. le ministre a cité la Pologne ; par cet amendement, nous voulons exprimer notre refus des néonicotinoïdes pour la France, pour l’Europe et pour le monde. À l’échelle européenne, il est urgent que la France se mobilise pour que la Commission mette fin aux dérogations à l’interdiction des trois principaux néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211802",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211802"
   ],
   "order": 745,
   "text": "Défavorable également. Je suppose qu’il s’agit d’un amendement d’appel pour connaître la position de la France en Europe concernant les néonicotinoïdes. La programmation pluriannuelle des questions liées aux produits phytosanitaires est débattue au niveau des ministres de l’agriculture, en séance publique ; les comités d’experts sur le sujet sont publics également. Un rapport n’est donc sans doute pas nécessaire.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211802",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7883fec8e099",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Défavorable également. Je suppose qu’il s’agit d’un amendement d’appel pour connaître la position de la France en Europe concernant les néonicotinoïdes. La programmation pluriannuelle des questions liées aux produits phytosanitaires est débattue au niveau des ministres de l’agriculture, en séance publique ; les comités d’experts sur le sujet sont publics également. Un rapport n’est donc sans doute pas nécessaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211805",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211805"
   ],
   "order": 748,
   "text": "En ce qui me concerne, je serais favorable à une durée d’un an de la dérogation à l’interdiction.Quant à l’amendement, dans le même esprit que celui défendu par Mme Batho, il vise à demander un rapport d’étape avant octobre 2021 sur les actions conduites pour cesser dans les meilleurs délais l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, en France et en Europe. Il s’agit de donner à la France sur ce sujet un rôle moteur en Europe.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211805",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7af16539aaa0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En ce qui me concerne, je serais favorable à une durée d’un an de la dérogation à l’interdiction.Quant à l’amendement, dans le même esprit que celui défendu par Mme Batho, il vise à demander un rapport d’étape avant octobre 2021 sur les actions conduites pour cesser dans les meilleurs délais l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, en France et en Europe. Il s’agit de donner à la France sur ce sujet un rôle moteur en Europe."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211808",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211808"
   ],
   "order": 751,
   "text": "Je comprends que vous appelez le Gouvernement à œuvrer au niveau européen en faveur de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. S’agissant d’une demande de rapport, l’avis est défavorable, mais je suis favorable à l’idée de créer des conditions de concurrence loyales d’ici à 2023.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211808",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc8c2f5fdda64",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends que vous appelez le Gouvernement à œuvrer au niveau européen en faveur de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. S’agissant d’une demande de rapport, l’avis est défavorable, mais je suis favorable à l’idée de créer des conditions de concurrence loyales d’ici à 2023."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA774958",
   "speaker": "Gérard Leseul",
   "quality": "M. Gérard Leseul",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211813",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211813"
   ],
   "order": 756,
   "text": "Il s’inscrit dans le cadre du « plan B », évoqué précédemment par Dominique Potier, et vise à éclairer notre assemblée sur les travaux menés depuis l’entrée en vigueur de la loi du 8 août 2016, notamment par les établissements publics, sur les recherches de solutions de remplacements aux néonicotinoïdes. Ce rapport devra être remis au Parlement le 1er janvier 2021 au plus tard.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211813",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N217cd43fdcbe",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’inscrit dans le cadre du « plan B », évoqué précédemment par [PERSONNE], et vise à éclairer notre assemblée sur les travaux menés depuis l’entrée en vigueur de la loi du 8 août 2016, notamment par les établissements publics, sur les recherches de solutions de remplacements aux néonicotinoïdes. Ce rapport devra être remis au Parlement le 1er janvier 2021 au plus tard."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211822",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211822"
   ],
   "order": 763,
   "text": "Monsieur le président, j’ai déposé trente-deux amendements sur cet article ; leur examen constituera la majeure partie de la discussion à venir. Nous nous sommes mis d’accord : pour donner de la fluidité au débat et gagner beaucoup de temps, je propose de les défendre tous conjointement, en dix ou quinze minutes, afin d’engager un dialogue avec le rapporteur et le ministre.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211822",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb4e0e8b3cfdd",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président, j’ai déposé trente-deux amendements sur cet article ; leur examen constituera la majeure partie de la discussion à venir. Nous nous sommes mis d’accord : pour donner de la fluidité au débat et gagner beaucoup de temps, je propose de les défendre tous conjointement, en dix ou quinze minutes, afin d’engager un dialogue avec le rapporteur et le ministre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211825",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211825"
   ],
   "order": 766,
   "text": "Nous pourrions avoir terminé la séance dans trois quarts d’heure. Mais le groupe Socialistes et apparentés a travaillé et s’est peu exprimé : je vous demande seulement d’avoir la patience d’écouter ce que nous avons à dire.D’abord, j’ai été agacé par certains propos de la majorité –⁠ qui ne sont pas de votre fait, monsieur le ministre – qui dressaient un mauvais procès à vos prédécesseurs. Pour ma part, j’ai été chargé de la mission de révision du plan Écophyto pendant la précédente législature. J’ai succédé à Antoine Herth ; nous avons travaillé ensemble, et instauré une continuité en coopérant sur des sujets relatifs à la maîtrise des produits phyto. Je regrette que la présente majorité, censément ouverte, ni de droite ni de gauche, n’ait pas montré les mêmes aptitudes à travailler en commun sur les dossiers scientifiques, politiques ou techniques dont elle a eu la charge. Ce n’était qu’une remarque formelle en introduction, une leçon d’humilité pour l’Assemblée.Nous avons ainsi mené un travail important, dans la continuité de ce qu’avait fait le groupe UMP avec Antoine Herth. À ceux qui affirment que nous avons « éteint la lumière » sans rien faire, je veux rappeler qu’à cette époque, nous avons veillé à la permanence du discours sur l’agroécologie ; les discours sont importants, car les paroles précèdent les actes et leur donnent du sens. Dans la loi d’avenir pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et la forêt du 13 octobre 2014, nous avons aussi conçu les certificats d’économie de produits phytosanitaires, que le Gouvernement a supprimés par excès de pouvoir –⁠ aboutissant à une controverse au Conseil d’État.Grâce à l’adoption d’un amendement que j’avais défendu, nous avons déplafonné le budget de l’ANSES pour lui permettre de répondre aux demandes nationales et internationales, ce que le manque d’effectifs ou de moyens lui interdisait. Nous avons créé un coupe-file pour le biocontrôle et développé un plan biocontrôle, qui a fourni des résultats. Nous nous sommes battus sur le terrain de l’antibiorésistance, et nous avons gagné. Nous avons surtout installé la phytopharmacovigilance, financée par une taxe sur les produits phyto, qui permet de surveiller les effets épidémiologiques et écosystémiques des produits après leur mise sur le marché. Il s’agissait d’une véritable innovation ; elle a abouti au retrait de produits dont la toxicité n’avait pas été mesurée en amont.Nous avons donc adopté ces réformes et surtout établi un plan Écophyto II, dont je vais dresser une chronologie rapide. Il a été proposé en 2014 et adopté en 2015, à l’unanimité du conseil de surveillance, que je présidais avec Stéphane Le Foll. Ensuite, toutes sortes de lobbies sont entrés en jeu. Il a été cassé par le Conseil d’État –⁠ nous avons perdu six mois. Une période de contestation syndicale a entraîné six autres mois d’abandon. Puis sont venues les élections, et enfin les états généraux de l’alimentation, pendant lesquels on nous a promis un renforcement du plan.Avec d’autres, j’ai participé corps et âmes à ces états généraux. Reprenez toutes nos conclusions : elles visaient au renforcement du plan Écophyto II, et notamment des mesures phares comme la démultiplication des fermes laboratoires, « living lab » de l’agriculture, pour rendre visibles les mille solutions qui prouvent sur le terrain que le dépassement de nos contradictions est possible –⁠ car les paysans sont les premiers innovateurs capables de résoudre le dilemme entre écologie et économie.Je dois le dire en termes très simples : cela n’a pas été fait. Tout est au point mort. Si nous avons, selon votre expression, les pieds sur terre –⁠ dans les fonctions qui sont les miennes, j’estime que c’est mon cas, comme vous tous – nous devons constater, malgré quelques réussites ici et là –⁠ on peut toujours trouver quelques actions positives – que nous ne sommes pas du tout à la hauteur des enjeux. Or, c’est précisément cette incurie qui provoque, de crise en crise, de molécule en molécule, de culture en culture, le développement de l’agribashing et des tensions qui abolissent nos repères.Mon premier plaidoyer sera donc en faveur d’une reprise d’une action publique volontariste, avec le démarrage d’un véritable plan Écophyto II+, malgré les résistances des lobbies. En effet, seule une telle politique, systémique et agroécologique, apportera des solutions durables. Le terrain en offre sans cesse la démonstration.Notre « plan B » visait à trouver une alternative. Comme je l’ai dit dans la discussion générale, nous ne croyons pas une seconde que la majorité ait l’intention de réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes dans la durée et pour toutes les cultures. Il faut dire à notre crédit que le débat ne s’est pas enflammé ; nous n’avons pas opposé économie et écologie ; nous ne vous intentons pas un procès en sorcellerie. Toutefois, à la différence de vous, nous estimons qu’une autre solution que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes existe pour réussir la transition, qui durera de deux à trois ans selon les estimations de la recherche.Il faut d’abord envisager la trajectoire commerciale –⁠ je crois beaucoup au mouvement entrepreneurial. On ne peut pas vouloir fabriquer le sucre comme avant. Puisque nous traversons une crise, c’est le moment de penser à le fabriquer différemment. Notre repère, c’est la loi EGALIM : il faudrait atteindre 50 % de la production sous signe d’identification de la qualité et de l’origine –⁠ SIQO –, qui peuvent se décliner en 30 % de produit à Haute valeur environnementale 3 –⁠ HVE – et 20 % de produit avec le label « Agriculture biologique » –⁠ AB. En dix ans, nous deviendrions leaders du marché européen du sucre avec nos betteraves sucrières aux côtés de la canne à sucre des outre-mer. Nous serions leaders sur les marchés de l’avenir, sans que notre souveraineté alimentaire soit atteinte. Les chiffres que je cite sont tous issus de la loi EGALIM et des états généraux de l’alimentation, adoptés à l’unanimité, y compris par les représentations syndicales majoritaires et le monde coopératif. Ils n’ont été contestés scientifiquement ni par les uns, ni par les autres. En dix ans, cela est possible.Dans cet objectif, je propose que nous nous fixions comme horizon la production en 2023 d’une part significative de HVE 2 –⁠ nous aurions déjà parcouru une belle étape. Pour y parvenir, monsieur le ministre, je suggère d’engager dès maintenant une réforme du cahier des charges des certifications AB française –⁠ le délai n’est pas suffisant pour réformer la certification européenne – et HVE, afin d’intégrer les contraintes techniques objectives que les responsables des filières des grandes cultures nous signalent. Il devra également prendre en considération l’impact carbone et la question sociale. Le cahier des charges, établi en 2009, ignore ces questions, qui n’étaient pas alors prépondérantes.Les questions économiques et sociales constituent d’ailleurs la deuxième piste de travail. Selon nous, trois grands déficits doivent être comblés. Selon une estimation médiane, plutôt haute d’après ce que j’ai entendu ce soir, il faudrait une centaine de millions pour compenser les 15 % de perte de rendement, ou peut-être 20 ou 22 % selon le rapporteur, que je veux bien croire. Avec 100 millions donc, nous pouvons les compenser intégralement. Nous estimons qu’il faut provisionner la même somme pour la filière de transformation, étroitement liée à la filière de production, car les charges fixes sont très élevées dans cette industrie au regard des charges opérationnelles, tous les experts en conviennent. Le troisième champ concerne l’attractivité de la culture. Vous avez appelé notre attention sur ce sujet, monsieur le ministre, comme les défenseurs du projet de loi. Il s’agit de maintenir l’ensemencement et notre position sur le marché mondial. Je souscris à cette intention, et propose donc une aide à l’investissement de 250 euros par hectare, ce qui représente également 100 millions d’euros. Cet investissement maintiendrait l’attractivité et permettrait d’envisager l’avenir, grâce à l’engagement dans la transition, avec de premières mesures écosystémiques. Voilà pour les mesures d’urgence.Elles devront être financées à la fois par des fonds européens, dans les limites admises, et par une taxe sur l’agroalimentaire, qui a bénéficié de la réduction du prix du sucre comme matière première. Pour la dernière fois, je répète que les recettes liées à la seule augmentation de 50 % de la taxe sodas, instaurée pour des motifs de santé publique, soit quelques centimes pour une canette, suffiraient à compenser les pertes de rendement des acteurs et à préparer la transition vers l’avenir. Les mécanismes sont complexes, mais je ne doute pas une seconde qu’avec une contribution obligatoire de la profession et une réforme du Fonds national de régulation et de développement agricole et du Fonds national agricole de mutualisation sanitaire et environnementale, nous financerons cette adaptation.Concernant le moyen terme, je soutiens fermement Éric Andrieu, président de la commission de l’agriculture et du développement rural du Parlement européen. Avec la quasi unanimité de ses collègues, il présentera une réforme de l’Organisation commune des marchés –⁠ OCM – intégrant le sucre. En effet, l’Europe ne peut pas jouer les idiots utiles du libéralisme et de la mondialisation, en demeurant une des seules à ne pas se protéger du dumping social et environnemental imposé par le sucre, contrairement à la Thaïlande ou à la Russie par exemple. Même le Royaume-Uni, le plus libéral des pays européens, impose des taxations à l’entrée du sucre, afin de garantir un prix minimal aux agriculteurs. Nous ne pouvons pas être la seule région du monde à accepter que son prix soit fixé par le barème brésilien ; nous devons organiser un système de protection qui repose sur une plus-value sociale et environnementale. La réforme de l’OCM y contribuerait, nous plaidons donc pour son adoption au niveau européen, avec une large majorité, telle que celle qui se dégage ici sur ces sujets.Enfin, comme Éric Andrieu et beaucoup de professionnels et de syndicalistes, je crois fermement qu’il faut réformer l’offre, en développant une organisation unique des producteurs privés et en coopératives pour les quatre grandes régions productrices. Cette organisation fixera des prix planchers, conformément à l’esprit de la loi EGALIM. Tel est le sens des appellations d’origine protégées –⁠ AOP – que Jean-Baptiste Moreau et moi avons défendues, avec des députés appartenant à un large éventail politique. Elle doit également, et c’est là une innovation de gauche que je veux promouvoir, organiser la maîtrise des volumes, sans laquelle il est illusoire de vouloir discuter des prix. Si nous le voulons ensemble, monsieur le ministre, nous régulerons demain les marchés, au sein d’une AOP. La politique agricole commune le permet. À court et moyen termes, ces mécanismes rehausseront les prix.Faisons un rapide inventaire des solutions agroécologiques : les efforts en génétique végétale et en traitements par des produits de biocontrôle ; l’augmentation de la présence des prédateurs naturels de pucerons et des cultures de service ; l’amélioration du conseil agricole, avec les outils d’aide à la décision –⁠ OAD – dont nous avons peu parlé, les kits de diagnostic et le diagnostic viral à grande échelle ; l’adaptation des dates de semis et des doses d’azote ; l’écologie chimique, par l’introduction d’espèces végétales sous forme de méteil –⁠ sans vouloir répéter le couplet sur la fétuque des prés et l’avoine ; enfin, la création d’une mosaïque paysagère. Cette dernière appartient certainement à l’avenir, qu’elle soit dessinée en carrés, rectangles ou losanges. Je crois que les paysans travaillent plutôt en longueur, quand les conditions le permettent, et ils ont bien raison car c’est la solution la plus pratique pour l’utilisation du matériel. Toutes ces mesures combinées, j’en suis persuadé, peuvent mener au succès en deux ou trois ans.Je vous parle avec l’expérience de fermes de polyculture-élevage. Elles n’étaient pas très riches à l’origine, il y a vingt, trente ou quarante ans, mais elles ont eu l’audace de s’engager, avec une dizaine de cultures et parfois deux ou trois élevages, dans la conversion vers l’agriculture biologique. Je vous assure que c’est une démarche un peu plus compliquée que celle que doit désormais engager le secteur de la betterave, et que nous devrions donc pouvoir y arriver dans ce délai de deux ou trois ans.Pour des tas de raisons, nous sommes focalisés sur la betterave sucrière. Je voudrais que les solutions de solidarité et d’innovation combinées que nous inventons soient adaptables à d’autres secteurs. Les betteraviers ne sont pas seuls dans le monde agricole. Je peux témoigner que dans les secteurs de l’élevage allaitant et du lait, comme pour les dépenses d’exploitation de nombreux domaines, des paysans connaissent des difficultés et souffrent. Je refuse que chaque obstacle rencontré nous entraîne dans une course à l’armement chimique qui nous éloigne des objectifs que nous voulons poursuivre.À l’extérieur, nous devons inventer de nouveaux mécanismes de régulation des marchés ; à l’intérieur, la marche en avant de l’innovation publique et privée ne doit pas s’arrêter. Ces solutions sont bien plus intelligentes que ce que nous faisons aujourd’hui : elles nous permettent de prendre rendez-vous avec l’avenir, de respecter à la fois la dignité de chaque travailleur de la terre, la biodiversité et le capital France en matière agronomique, agricole et alimentaire, fierté de notre nation, dont elle doit porter haut les couleurs partout dans le monde. C’est possible !Malheureusement, cette autorisation des néonicotinoïdes est un retour en arrière, quand nous aurions pu aller de l’avant, comme je l’ai exposé. Ce sont là pour nous des convictions profondes, et nous espérons qu’elles sauront vous faire évoluer. Il faut surtout éviter que cette possible dérogation ne devienne une véritable autorisation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOCet EDS et quelques bancs des groupes FI et GDR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 2240,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211825",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1e25522ef7f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous pourrions avoir terminé la séance dans trois quarts d’heure. Mais le groupe [GROUPE] a travaillé et s’est peu exprimé : je vous demande seulement d’avoir la patience d’écouter ce que nous avons à dire.D’abord, j’ai été agacé par certains propos de la majorité –⁠ qui ne sont pas de votre fait, monsieur le ministre – qui dressaient un mauvais procès à vos prédécesseurs. Pour ma part, j’ai été chargé de la mission de révision du plan Écophyto pendant la précédente législature. J’ai succédé à [PERSONNE] ; nous avons travaillé ensemble, et instauré une continuité en coopérant sur des sujets relatifs à la maîtrise des produits phyto. Je regrette que la présente majorité, censément ouverte, ni de droite ni de gauche, n’ait pas montré les mêmes aptitudes à travailler en commun sur les dossiers scientifiques, politiques ou techniques dont elle a eu la charge. Ce n’était qu’une remarque formelle en introduction, une leçon d’humilité pour l’Assemblée.Nous avons ainsi mené un travail important, dans la continuité de ce qu’avait fait le groupe UMP avec [PERSONNE]. À ceux qui affirment que nous avons « éteint la lumière » sans rien faire, je veux rappeler qu’à cette époque, nous avons veillé à la permanence du discours sur l’agroécologie ; les discours sont importants, car les paroles précèdent les actes et leur donnent du sens. Dans la loi d’avenir pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et la forêt du 13 octobre 2014, nous avons aussi conçu les certificats d’économie de produits phytosanitaires, que le Gouvernement a supprimés par excès de pouvoir –⁠ aboutissant à une controverse au Conseil d’État.Grâce à l’adoption d’un amendement que j’avais défendu, nous avons déplafonné le budget de l’ANSES pour lui permettre de répondre aux demandes nationales et internationales, ce que le manque d’effectifs ou de moyens lui interdisait. Nous avons créé un coupe-file pour le biocontrôle et développé un plan biocontrôle, qui a fourni des résultats. Nous nous sommes battus sur le terrain de l’antibiorésistance, et nous avons gagné. Nous avons surtout installé la phytopharmacovigilance, financée par une taxe sur les produits phyto, qui permet de surveiller les effets épidémiologiques et écosystémiques des produits après leur mise sur le marché. Il s’agissait d’une véritable innovation ; elle a abouti au retrait de produits dont la toxicité n’avait pas été mesurée en amont.Nous avons donc adopté ces réformes et surtout établi un plan Écophyto II, dont je vais dresser une chronologie rapide. Il a été proposé en 2014 et adopté en 2015, à l’unanimité du conseil de surveillance, que je présidais avec [PERSONNE]. Ensuite, toutes sortes de lobbies sont entrés en jeu. Il a été cassé par le Conseil d’État –⁠ nous avons perdu six mois. Une période de contestation syndicale a entraîné six autres mois d’abandon. Puis sont venues les élections, et enfin les états généraux de l’alimentation, pendant lesquels on nous a promis un renforcement du plan.Avec d’autres, j’ai participé corps et âmes à ces états généraux. Reprenez toutes nos conclusions : elles visaient au renforcement du plan Écophyto II, et notamment des mesures phares comme la démultiplication des fermes laboratoires, « living lab » de l’agriculture, pour rendre visibles les mille solutions qui prouvent sur le terrain que le dépassement de nos contradictions est possible –⁠ car les paysans sont les premiers innovateurs capables de résoudre le dilemme entre écologie et économie.Je dois le dire en termes très simples : cela n’a pas été fait. Tout est au point mort. Si nous avons, selon votre expression, les pieds sur terre –⁠ dans les fonctions qui sont les miennes, j’estime que c’est mon cas, comme vous tous – nous devons constater, malgré quelques réussites ici et là –⁠ on peut toujours trouver quelques actions positives – que nous ne sommes pas du tout à la hauteur des enjeux. Or, c’est précisément cette incurie qui provoque, de crise en crise, de molécule en molécule, de culture en culture, le développement de l’agribashing et des tensions qui abolissent nos repères.Mon premier plaidoyer sera donc en faveur d’une reprise d’une action publique volontariste, avec le démarrage d’un véritable plan Écophyto II+, malgré les résistances des lobbies. En effet, seule une telle politique, systémique et agroécologique, apportera des solutions durables. Le terrain en offre sans cesse la démonstration.Notre « plan B » visait à trouver une alternative. Comme je l’ai dit dans la discussion générale, nous ne croyons pas une seconde que la majorité ait l’intention de réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes dans la durée et pour toutes les cultures. Il faut dire à notre crédit que le débat ne s’est pas enflammé ; nous n’avons pas opposé économie et écologie ; nous ne vous intentons pas un procès en sorcellerie. Toutefois, à la différence de vous, nous estimons qu’une autre solution que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes existe pour réussir la transition, qui durera de deux à trois ans selon les estimations de la recherche.Il faut d’abord envisager la trajectoire commerciale –⁠ je crois beaucoup au mouvement entrepreneurial. On ne peut pas vouloir fabriquer le sucre comme avant. Puisque nous traversons une crise, c’est le moment de penser à le fabriquer différemment. Notre repère, c’est la loi EGALIM : il faudrait atteindre 50 % de la production sous signe d’identification de la qualité et de l’origine –⁠ SIQO –, qui peuvent se décliner en 30 % de produit à Haute valeur environnementale 3 –⁠ HVE – et 20 % de produit avec le label « Agriculture biologique » –⁠ AB. En dix ans, nous deviendrions leaders du marché européen du sucre avec nos betteraves sucrières aux côtés de la canne à sucre des outre-mer. Nous serions leaders sur les marchés de l’avenir, sans que notre souveraineté alimentaire soit atteinte. Les chiffres que je cite sont tous issus de la loi EGALIM et des états généraux de l’alimentation, adoptés à l’unanimité, y compris par les représentations syndicales majoritaires et le monde coopératif. Ils n’ont été contestés scientifiquement ni par les uns, ni par les autres. En dix ans, cela est possible.Dans cet objectif, je propose que nous nous fixions comme horizon la production en 2023 d’une part significative de HVE 2 –⁠ nous aurions déjà parcouru une belle étape. Pour y parvenir, monsieur le ministre, je suggère d’engager dès maintenant une réforme du cahier des charges des certifications AB française –⁠ le délai n’est pas suffisant pour réformer la certification européenne – et HVE, afin d’intégrer les contraintes techniques objectives que les responsables des filières des grandes cultures nous signalent. Il devra également prendre en considération l’impact carbone et la question sociale. Le cahier des charges, établi en 2009, ignore ces questions, qui n’étaient pas alors prépondérantes.Les questions économiques et sociales constituent d’ailleurs la deuxième piste de travail. Selon nous, trois grands déficits doivent être comblés. Selon une estimation médiane, plutôt haute d’après ce que j’ai entendu ce soir, il faudrait une centaine de millions pour compenser les 15 % de perte de rendement, ou peut-être 20 ou 22 % selon le rapporteur, que je veux bien croire. Avec 100 millions donc, nous pouvons les compenser intégralement. Nous estimons qu’il faut provisionner la même somme pour la filière de transformation, étroitement liée à la filière de production, car les charges fixes sont très élevées dans cette industrie au regard des charges opérationnelles, tous les experts en conviennent. Le troisième champ concerne l’attractivité de la culture. Vous avez appelé notre attention sur ce sujet, monsieur le ministre, comme les défenseurs du projet de loi. Il s’agit de maintenir l’ensemencement et notre position sur le marché mondial. Je souscris à cette intention, et propose donc une aide à l’investissement de 250 euros par hectare, ce qui représente également 100 millions d’euros. Cet investissement maintiendrait l’attractivité et permettrait d’envisager l’avenir, grâce à l’engagement dans la transition, avec de premières mesures écosystémiques. Voilà pour les mesures d’urgence.Elles devront être financées à la fois par des fonds européens, dans les limites admises, et par une taxe sur l’agroalimentaire, qui a bénéficié de la réduction du prix du sucre comme matière première. Pour la dernière fois, je répète que les recettes liées à la seule augmentation de 50 % de la taxe sodas, instaurée pour des motifs de santé publique, soit quelques centimes pour une canette, suffiraient à compenser les pertes de rendement des acteurs et à préparer la transition vers l’avenir. Les mécanismes sont complexes, mais je ne doute pas une seconde qu’avec une contribution obligatoire de la profession et une réforme du Fonds national de régulation et de développement agricole et du Fonds national agricole de mutualisation sanitaire et environnementale, nous financerons cette adaptation.Concernant le moyen terme, je soutiens fermement Éric Andrieu, président de la commission de l’agriculture et du développement rural du Parlement européen. Avec la quasi unanimité de ses collègues, il présentera une réforme de l’Organisation commune des marchés –⁠ OCM – intégrant le sucre. En effet, l’Europe ne peut pas jouer les idiots utiles du libéralisme et de la mondialisation, en demeurant une des seules à ne pas se protéger du dumping social et environnemental imposé par le sucre, contrairement à la Thaïlande ou à la Russie par exemple. Même le Royaume-Uni, le plus libéral des pays européens, impose des taxations à l’entrée du sucre, afin de garantir un prix minimal aux agriculteurs. Nous ne pouvons pas être la seule région du monde à accepter que son prix soit fixé par le barème brésilien ; nous devons organiser un système de protection qui repose sur une plus-value sociale et environnementale. La réforme de l’OCM y contribuerait, nous plaidons donc pour son adoption au niveau européen, avec une large majorité, telle que celle qui se dégage ici sur ces sujets.Enfin, comme Éric Andrieu et beaucoup de professionnels et de syndicalistes, je crois fermement qu’il faut réformer l’offre, en développant une organisation unique des producteurs privés et en coopératives pour les quatre grandes régions productrices. Cette organisation fixera des prix planchers, conformément à l’esprit de la loi EGALIM. Tel est le sens des appellations d’origine protégées –⁠ AOP – que [PERSONNE] et moi avons défendues, avec des députés appartenant à un large éventail politique. Elle doit également, et c’est là une innovation de gauche que je veux promouvoir, organiser la maîtrise des volumes, sans laquelle il est illusoire de vouloir discuter des prix. Si nous le voulons ensemble, monsieur le ministre, nous régulerons demain les marchés, au sein d’une AOP. La politique agricole commune le permet. À court et moyen termes, ces mécanismes rehausseront les prix.Faisons un rapide inventaire des solutions agroécologiques : les efforts en génétique végétale et en traitements par des produits de biocontrôle ; l’augmentation de la présence des prédateurs naturels de pucerons et des cultures de service ; l’amélioration du conseil agricole, avec les outils d’aide à la décision –⁠ OAD – dont nous avons peu parlé, les kits de diagnostic et le diagnostic viral à grande échelle ; l’adaptation des dates de semis et des doses d’azote ; l’écologie chimique, par l’introduction d’espèces végétales sous forme de méteil –⁠ sans vouloir répéter le couplet sur la fétuque des prés et l’avoine ; enfin, la création d’une mosaïque paysagère. Cette dernière appartient certainement à l’avenir, qu’elle soit dessinée en carrés, rectangles ou losanges. Je crois que les paysans travaillent plutôt en longueur, quand les conditions le permettent, et ils ont bien raison car c’est la solution la plus pratique pour l’utilisation du matériel. Toutes ces mesures combinées, j’en suis persuadé, peuvent mener au succès en deux ou trois ans.Je vous parle avec l’expérience de fermes de polyculture-élevage. Elles n’étaient pas très riches à l’origine, il y a vingt, trente ou quarante ans, mais elles ont eu l’audace de s’engager, avec une dizaine de cultures et parfois deux ou trois élevages, dans la conversion vers l’agriculture biologique. Je vous assure que c’est une démarche un peu plus compliquée que celle que doit désormais engager le secteur de la betterave, et que nous devrions donc pouvoir y arriver dans ce délai de deux ou trois ans.Pour des tas de raisons, nous sommes focalisés sur la betterave sucrière. Je voudrais que les solutions de solidarité et d’innovation combinées que nous inventons soient adaptables à d’autres secteurs. Les betteraviers ne sont pas seuls dans le monde agricole. Je peux témoigner que dans les secteurs de l’élevage allaitant et du lait, comme pour les dépenses d’exploitation de nombreux domaines, des paysans connaissent des difficultés et souffrent. Je refuse que chaque obstacle rencontré nous entraîne dans une course à l’armement chimique qui nous éloigne des objectifs que nous voulons poursuivre.À l’extérieur, nous devons inventer de nouveaux mécanismes de régulation des marchés ; à l’intérieur, la marche en avant de l’innovation publique et privée ne doit pas s’arrêter. Ces solutions sont bien plus intelligentes que ce que nous faisons aujourd’hui : elles nous permettent de prendre rendez-vous avec l’avenir, de respecter à la fois la dignité de chaque travailleur de la terre, la biodiversité et le capital France en matière agronomique, agricole et alimentaire, fierté de notre nation, dont elle doit porter haut les couleurs partout dans le monde. C’est possible !Malheureusement, cette autorisation des néonicotinoïdes est un retour en arrière, quand nous aurions pu aller de l’avant, comme je l’ai exposé. Ce sont là pour nous des convictions profondes, et nous espérons qu’elles sauront vous faire évoluer. Il faut surtout éviter que cette possible dérogation ne devienne une véritable autorisation. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOCet EDS et quelques bancs des groupes FI et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211761",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211761"
   ],
   "order": 768,
   "text": "Merci, vraiment, de ce travail de pédagogie. Parmi les demandes de rapport que vous formulez, beaucoup sont déjà satisfaites : ainsi, l’ANSES a publié le 7 novembre 2017 un avis sur l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur la santé des agriculteurs. Quant à l’information sur l’état des recherches, ce sera l’une des missions du conseil de surveillance que nous venons d’inscrire dans la loi, et dont nous avons renforcé les pouvoirs. Ce rapport se penchera également sur les modes de contractualisation et les leviers d’accélération qui permettront de déployer massivement les alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Tous les ans, son rapport sera voté et rendu public. J’espère ainsi vous avoir rassuré.Pour toutes ces raisons, j’émets un avis défavorable. Je vous invite à mettre toute l’énergie que vous avez montrée ce soir à nous faire partager votre expérience et votre maîtrise de ces sujets au sein du conseil de surveillance.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
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   "words": 145,
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   "direct": true,
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   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb1aae74143f9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Merci, vraiment, de ce travail de pédagogie. Parmi les demandes de rapport que vous formulez, beaucoup sont déjà satisfaites : ainsi, l’ANSES a publié le 7 novembre 2017 un avis sur l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur la santé des agriculteurs. Quant à l’information sur l’état des recherches, ce sera l’une des missions du conseil de surveillance que nous venons d’inscrire dans la loi, et dont nous avons renforcé les pouvoirs. Ce rapport se penchera également sur les modes de contractualisation et les leviers d’accélération qui permettront de déployer massivement les alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Tous les ans, son rapport sera voté et rendu public. J’espère ainsi vous avoir rassuré.Pour toutes ces raisons, j’émets un avis défavorable. Je vous invite à mettre toute l’énergie que vous avez montrée ce soir à nous faire partager votre expérience et votre maîtrise de ces sujets au sein du conseil de surveillance."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211764",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 770,
   "text": "Même avis.Merci, monsieur Potier ; c’est ainsi que nous ferons avancer le débat. J’ai lu avec attention votre « plan B comme betterave ».Vous avez commencé par évoquer le travail déjà réalisé. Le gouvernement précédent a en effet énormément travaillé sur l’agroécologie, et je veux ici rendre hommage à son action, et en particulier à Stéphane Le Foll. Les concepts ont beaucoup évolué : il y a vingt ans, j’ai pour ma part été formé à l’agriculture « raisonnée »… C’est une idée qui a complètement disparu des radars. Quinze ans après, on parle d’agroécologie.Le plan Écophyto était tout à fait nécessaire. Mais ensuite, nous avons fait des choix. Je prends l’exemple des certificats d’économie de produits phytosanitaires. Stéphane Travert, ici présent, dont je salue le travail comme ministre de l’agriculture, a pris une décision, dont nous ne saurons que plus tard si elle était erronée ou pas : celle de séparer la vente et le conseil. La grande difficulté, c’est que cela ne va pas avec les certificats d’économie : on ne peut pas associer les deux. Il ne s’agit pas de détricoter le plan Écophyto, mais de tirer les conséquences de ce choix politique, que nous assumons. Les arrêtés de dissociation seront d’ailleurs bientôt prêts, après la mise en consultation.Nous avons une différence d’appréciation sur un autre point. Je ne voudrais vraiment pas relancer le débat, ou heurter qui que ce soit, mais pour moi l’agroécologie est un moyen, et la souveraineté est la finalité. Nous devons construire cette agriculture forte sans laquelle il n’y a pas de civilisation. L’agroécologie est immensément importante parce que c’est l’un des moyens d’atteindre cette souveraineté, en dépendant moins des intrants et des produits phytosanitaires, et en assurant la pérennité de notre agriculture. Ce qui nous réunit, ce n’est pas au fond le débat sur l’agroécologie –⁠ et, vous l’avez dit vous-même, il est inutile d’opposer écologie et économie ; ce qui nous réunit, c’est l’organisation de la transition avec la filière.Vous parlez du futur, et je vous en remercie, car exposer notre vision d’avenir pour la filière sucrière et betteravière française est essentiel.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
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   "words": 352,
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   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N90a42fdc4916",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis.Merci, monsieur Potier ; c’est ainsi que nous ferons avancer le débat. J’ai lu avec attention votre « plan B comme betterave ».Vous avez commencé par évoquer le travail déjà réalisé. Le gouvernement précédent a en effet énormément travaillé sur l’agroécologie, et je veux ici rendre hommage à son action, et en particulier à [PERSONNE]. Les concepts ont beaucoup évolué : il y a vingt ans, j’ai pour ma part été formé à l’agriculture « raisonnée »… C’est une idée qui a complètement disparu des radars. Quinze ans après, on parle d’agroécologie.Le plan Écophyto était tout à fait nécessaire. Mais ensuite, nous avons fait des choix. Je prends l’exemple des certificats d’économie de produits phytosanitaires. [PERSONNE], ici présent, dont je salue le travail comme ministre de l’agriculture, a pris une décision, dont nous ne saurons que plus tard si elle était erronée ou pas : celle de séparer la vente et le conseil. La grande difficulté, c’est que cela ne va pas avec les certificats d’économie : on ne peut pas associer les deux. Il ne s’agit pas de détricoter le plan Écophyto, mais de tirer les conséquences de ce choix politique, que nous assumons. Les arrêtés de dissociation seront d’ailleurs bientôt prêts, après la mise en consultation.Nous avons une différence d’appréciation sur un autre point. Je ne voudrais vraiment pas relancer le débat, ou heurter qui que ce soit, mais pour moi l’agroécologie est un moyen, et la souveraineté est la finalité. Nous devons construire cette agriculture forte sans laquelle il n’y a pas de civilisation. L’agroécologie est immensément importante parce que c’est l’un des moyens d’atteindre cette souveraineté, en dépendant moins des intrants et des produits phytosanitaires, et en assurant la pérennité de notre agriculture. Ce qui nous réunit, ce n’est pas au fond le débat sur l’agroécologie –⁠ et, vous l’avez dit vous-même, il est inutile d’opposer écologie et économie ; ce qui nous réunit, c’est l’organisation de la transition avec la filière.Vous parlez du futur, et je vous en remercie, car exposer notre vision d’avenir pour la filière sucrière et betteravière française est essentiel."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211770",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211770"
   ],
   "order": 772,
   "text": "C’est un secteur qui a déjà tellement évolué ! Il y a vingt ou vingt-cinq ans, on était à 100 % betteravier, et c’était d’ailleurs une des limites du système des quotas. Or –⁠ et je sais que nous partageons la même passion pour le sol – quand on est à 100 % betteraviers, c’est à la fin le sol qui en pâtit le plus. C’est pourtant lui que l’on chérit, en agriculture. Aujourd’hui, on a plutôt 10 à 15 % de betteraves par cultures.Les défis sont énormes : seulement 0,5 % de betteraves sucrières sont produites en bio, dans notre pays. Le bio ne résoudra pas le problème de la jaunisse, parce qu’il est aussi touché. Mais c’est un problème général de modèle de production que nous avons.Par ailleurs, je crois énormément au modèle de production HVE, mais les consommateurs ne le connaissent pas du tout. Ce qui tue HVE, c’est d’ailleurs peut-être ce nom assez abscons…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 158,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211770",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf68f5c465d53",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un secteur qui a déjà tellement évolué ! Il y a vingt ou vingt-cinq ans, on était à 100 % betteravier, et c’était d’ailleurs une des limites du système des quotas. Or –⁠ et je sais que nous partageons la même passion pour le sol – quand on est à 100 % betteraviers, c’est à la fin le sol qui en pâtit le plus. C’est pourtant lui que l’on chérit, en agriculture. Aujourd’hui, on a plutôt 10 à 15 % de betteraves par cultures.Les défis sont énormes : seulement 0,5 % de betteraves sucrières sont produites en bio, dans notre pays. Le bio ne résoudra pas le problème de la jaunisse, parce qu’il est aussi touché. Mais c’est un problème général de modèle de production que nous avons.Par ailleurs, je crois énormément au modèle de production HVE, mais les consommateurs ne le connaissent pas du tout. Ce qui tue HVE, c’est d’ailleurs peut-être ce nom assez abscons…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211774",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211774"
   ],
   "order": 774,
   "text": "Mais ce qui est sûr, c’est qu’il faut accompagner ce mouvement. Vous avez œuvré en ce sens, et c’était l’un des éléments du plan Écophyto. Dans le cadre du plan de relance, nous avons annoncé la mise en place d’un crédit d’impôt HVE. Ce sont des débats qui ne seront pas simples : HVE 2 ou HVE 3 ? Dans le cadre de l’éco-schéma européen et de la conditionnalité renforcée, rendrons-nous directement applicable le volet HVE comme un critère écologique ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211774",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf6f462698169",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mais ce qui est sûr, c’est qu’il faut accompagner ce mouvement. Vous avez œuvré en ce sens, et c’était l’un des éléments du plan Écophyto. Dans le cadre du plan de relance, nous avons annoncé la mise en place d’un crédit d’impôt HVE. Ce sont des débats qui ne seront pas simples : HVE 2 ou HVE 3 ? Dans le cadre de l’éco-schéma européen et de la conditionnalité renforcée, rendrons-nous directement applicable le volet HVE comme un critère écologique ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211776",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211776"
   ],
   "order": 776,
   "text": "J’y suis favorable, car je crois que nous créerons ainsi un cercle vertueux.Votre « plan B » dresse un constat sur lequel nous ne sommes pas d’accord. Vous proposez de financer le tout, le temps de trouver des solutions. Mais c’est une impasse : les règles, qui sont sans doute critiquables mais qui sont ce qu’elles sont, ne nous permettent pas d’indemniser à 100 %. C’est pourquoi nous ne pourrons nous passer de néonicotinoïdes qu’à terme. Il faut faire la transition, mais elle prendra forcément du temps –⁠ et quelle que soit la source du financement, d’ailleurs. Je le redis, si nous avions pu indemniser à 100 %, l’État l’aurait fait. Mais les règles européennes nous l’interdisent.Vous parlez enfin de la réforme des OCM, c’est-à-dire des opérations de marché. Dans beaucoup de vos territoires, mesdames et messieurs les députés, vous y avez été confrontés. Dans le secteur vini-viticole, par exemple, des mesures de stockage et de distillation ont été prises pendant le confinement. C’est possible selon des règles européennes, et nous constatons aujourd’hui qu’il faut aller plus loin. J’ai d’ailleurs insisté, dès mon arrivée au ministère, pour que ces discussions se tiennent au niveau ministériel. Ce sont des discussions politiques, je vous rejoins sur ce point.Je vous rejoins également sur la question des organisations de producteurs.Puisque vous évoquez des pistes, je crois pour ma part que nous en arriverons à un triptyque : produits de biocontrôle, solutions agronomiques, recherches sur les variétés. Tout cela nous permettra de trouver des solutions dans les deux à trois ans à venir, j’ai peu de doutes sur ce point.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 265,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211776",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N757f12e2d0ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’y suis favorable, car je crois que nous créerons ainsi un cercle vertueux.Votre « plan B » dresse un constat sur lequel nous ne sommes pas d’accord. Vous proposez de financer le tout, le temps de trouver des solutions. Mais c’est une impasse : les règles, qui sont sans doute critiquables mais qui sont ce qu’elles sont, ne nous permettent pas d’indemniser à 100 %. C’est pourquoi nous ne pourrons nous passer de néonicotinoïdes qu’à terme. Il faut faire la transition, mais elle prendra forcément du temps –⁠ et quelle que soit la source du financement, d’ailleurs. Je le redis, si nous avions pu indemniser à 100 %, l’État l’aurait fait. Mais les règles européennes nous l’interdisent.Vous parlez enfin de la réforme des OCM, c’est-à-dire des opérations de marché. Dans beaucoup de vos territoires, mesdames et messieurs les députés, vous y avez été confrontés. Dans le secteur vini-viticole, par exemple, des mesures de stockage et de distillation ont été prises pendant le confinement. C’est possible selon des règles européennes, et nous constatons aujourd’hui qu’il faut aller plus loin. J’ai d’ailleurs insisté, dès mon arrivée au ministère, pour que ces discussions se tiennent au niveau ministériel. Ce sont des discussions politiques, je vous rejoins sur ce point.Je vous rejoins également sur la question des organisations de producteurs.Puisque vous évoquez des pistes, je crois pour ma part que nous en arriverons à un triptyque : produits de biocontrôle, solutions agronomiques, recherches sur les variétés. Tout cela nous permettra de trouver des solutions dans les deux à trois ans à venir, j’ai peu de doutes sur ce point."
  },
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   "legislature": 15,
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   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
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    "2211782"
   ],
   "order": 778,
   "text": "Prenons rendez-vous avec l’avenir, comme vous le dites. Mais pour cela, j’ai besoin de passer le présent : c’est l’objet de ce projet de loi. Cette filière a un avenir, notre agriculture a un avenir ; elles doivent être accompagnées, jamais pointées du doigt, et les défis doivent être relevés sans jamais verser dans la démagogie. Il faut sortir des positions, des postures, et avancer. Oui, c’est compliqué ; oui, c’est difficile ; mais le monde agricole, qui est une part de notre identité, change depuis quarante ans, et il a un bel avenir devant lui. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LaREM et UDI-I.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211782",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3a2d7bb437a3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Prenons rendez-vous avec l’avenir, comme vous le dites. Mais pour cela, j’ai besoin de passer le présent : c’est l’objet de ce projet de loi. Cette filière a un avenir, notre agriculture a un avenir ; elles doivent être accompagnées, jamais pointées du doigt, et les défis doivent être relevés sans jamais verser dans la démagogie. Il faut sortir des positions, des postures, et avancer. Oui, c’est compliqué ; oui, c’est difficile ; mais le monde agricole, qui est une part de notre identité, change depuis quarante ans, et il a un bel avenir devant lui. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE]-I.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267355",
   "speaker": "Antoine Herth",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Herth",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211784",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211784"
   ],
   "order": 780,
   "text": "Le bilan du plan Écophyto dressé par M. Potier me paraît un tantinet sombre. Je suis très fier que l’ensemble des agriculteurs se soient formés. Je suis fier de ce que j’ai vu sur le terrain, notamment dans le cadre du plan végétal environnement, mais aussi de la quantification des volumes, de la progression des certifications environnementales.Nous avons quelques beaux rendez-vous européens devant nous : M. le ministre a évoqué la politique agricole commune, mais je pense aussi à la volonté d’instauration de mécanismes de correction carbone aux frontières. Cela va dans le sens de nos demandes.Nous pouvons avancer à trois conditions. Tout d’abord, le Parlement doit se mobiliser, à bon escient, c’est-à-dire sans tenter de se substituer à l’exécutif ; nous sommes là pour fixer la loi et pour contrôler l’action du Gouvernement, pas pour légiférer dans le détail –⁠ ce que l’on voit trop souvent. Ensuite, nous devons respecter les agriculteurs, qui sont prêts à changer à condition que l’on valorise leurs initiatives : beaucoup de solutions viennent du terrain plutôt que du haut. Enfin, nous devons accepter de travailler sur une durée plus longue que celle d’un mandat de parlementaire, sur quinze ou vingt ans : le flambeau doit être transmis de majorité en majorité, en conservant le même horizon, celui de la transition écologique dans l’agriculture, et d’un mieux-disant environnemental pour les consommateurs. (M. Vincent Thiébaut applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 231,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211784",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N15ad10a52edb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le bilan du plan Écophyto dressé par M. Potier me paraît un tantinet sombre. Je suis très fier que l’ensemble des agriculteurs se soient formés. Je suis fier de ce que j’ai vu sur le terrain, notamment dans le cadre du plan végétal environnement, mais aussi de la quantification des volumes, de la progression des certifications environnementales.Nous avons quelques beaux rendez-vous européens devant nous : M. le ministre a évoqué la politique agricole commune, mais je pense aussi à la volonté d’instauration de mécanismes de correction carbone aux frontières. Cela va dans le sens de nos demandes.Nous pouvons avancer à trois conditions. Tout d’abord, le Parlement doit se mobiliser, à bon escient, c’est-à-dire sans tenter de se substituer à l’exécutif ; nous sommes là pour fixer la loi et pour contrôler l’action du Gouvernement, pas pour légiférer dans le détail –⁠ ce que l’on voit trop souvent. Ensuite, nous devons respecter les agriculteurs, qui sont prêts à changer à condition que l’on valorise leurs initiatives : beaucoup de solutions viennent du terrain plutôt que du haut. Enfin, nous devons accepter de travailler sur une durée plus longue que celle d’un mandat de parlementaire, sur quinze ou vingt ans : le flambeau doit être transmis de majorité en majorité, en conservant le même horizon, celui de la transition écologique dans l’agriculture, et d’un mieux-disant environnemental pour les consommateurs. (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211788"
   ],
   "order": 782,
   "text": "Je voudrais réagir à des propos tenus par M. Potier, et que j’avais déjà entendus chez M. Juanico. D’après vous, en deux ou trois ans, on peut trouver des solutions ; il me semble que nous devons nous montrer beaucoup plus modestes sur notre capacité à faire bouger les choses. Mon propre système d’exploitation a quinze cultures différentes aujourd’hui : il a fallu quinze ans pour le mettre en place.M. le ministre a raison, nous arriverons à dépasser les néonicotinoïdes, non pas en trouvant d’autres traitements, car ce n’est à l’évidence pas le chemin qu’il faut prendre, mais en atteignant un équilibre entre différentes solutions : il y a des prédateurs de pucerons, pour lesquels il faut installer des haies ou des bandes enherbées où ils trouvent refuge, des plantes que les pucerons préfèrent à la betterave… Tout cela marche en laboratoire et sous serre. Mais en plein champ, la météo sera souvent plus fraîche, ce qui empêchera les ravageurs de se développer, ou bien plus sèche, ce qui empêchera les plantes destinées à attirer les pucerons de pousser… Certaines années, ces solutions fonctionneront, d’autres pas.J’écoutais Cédric Villani : si en mathématiques un et un font toujours deux, ce n’est pas le cas en agronomie, car il y a un ensemble de facteurs qui interviennent. Montrons donc beaucoup de modestie. Il faut s’engager sur cette voie et mettre beaucoup d’argent dans la recherche, mais rester humbles sur les résultats que l’on peut espérer à très court terme.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 247,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211788",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N361c4d6b3f5c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais réagir à des propos tenus par M. Potier, et que j’avais déjà entendus chez M. Juanico. D’après vous, en deux ou trois ans, on peut trouver des solutions ; il me semble que nous devons nous montrer beaucoup plus modestes sur notre capacité à faire bouger les choses. Mon propre système d’exploitation a quinze cultures différentes aujourd’hui : il a fallu quinze ans pour le mettre en place.M. le ministre a raison, nous arriverons à dépasser les néonicotinoïdes, non pas en trouvant d’autres traitements, car ce n’est à l’évidence pas le chemin qu’il faut prendre, mais en atteignant un équilibre entre différentes solutions : il y a des prédateurs de pucerons, pour lesquels il faut installer des haies ou des bandes enherbées où ils trouvent refuge, des plantes que les pucerons préfèrent à la betterave… Tout cela marche en laboratoire et sous serre. Mais en plein champ, la météo sera souvent plus fraîche, ce qui empêchera les ravageurs de se développer, ou bien plus sèche, ce qui empêchera les plantes destinées à attirer les pucerons de pousser… Certaines années, ces solutions fonctionneront, d’autres pas.J’écoutais [PERSONNE] : si en mathématiques un et un font toujours deux, ce n’est pas le cas en agronomie, car il y a un ensemble de facteurs qui interviennent. Montrons donc beaucoup de modestie. Il faut s’engager sur cette voie et mettre beaucoup d’argent dans la recherche, mais rester humbles sur les résultats que l’on peut espérer à très court terme."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211794",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211794"
   ],
   "order": 785,
   "text": "Une réaction courte à ce qui vient d’être dit : je n’ai jamais prétendu que les choses étaient simples et immédiates. C’est le contraire ! Les auditions nous l’ont montré, en particulier celle des représentants de l’INRAE.Attention : on ne peut jamais imposer à la recherche d’obtenir un résultat en un temps donné. Ainsi, lorsqu’on affirme que trois ans suffiront pour trouver une solution, la réalité est qu’on ne sait jamais !Le représentant de l’INRAE que nous avons auditionné nous le disait également, le programme AKER, dont parlait M. le ministre, a été développé pendant huit ans. Il était nécessaire de le réaliser, car la betterave n’a pas une grande variabilité génétique. Il a fallu recenser l’ensemble des ressources génétiques existantes, travailler sur les variétés, ou encore prendre en compte les quatre ou cinq différents types de jaunisse pour être en mesure de sélectionner les espèces ; c’est un travail de longue haleine.Bref, la recherche ne donne jamais des résultats de manière certaine, qu’il s’agisse des betteraves ou, d’ailleurs, des mathématiques ! (Sourires. – M. le ministre applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 178,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211794",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N49db82951104",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une réaction courte à ce qui vient d’être dit : je n’ai jamais prétendu que les choses étaient simples et immédiates. C’est le contraire ! Les auditions nous l’ont montré, en particulier celle des représentants de l’INRAE.Attention : on ne peut jamais imposer à la recherche d’obtenir un résultat en un temps donné. Ainsi, lorsqu’on affirme que trois ans suffiront pour trouver une solution, la réalité est qu’on ne sait jamais !Le représentant de l’INRAE que nous avons auditionné nous le disait également, le programme AKER, dont parlait M. le ministre, a été développé pendant huit ans. Il était nécessaire de le réaliser, car la betterave n’a pas une grande variabilité génétique. Il a fallu recenser l’ensemble des ressources génétiques existantes, travailler sur les variétés, ou encore prendre en compte les quatre ou cinq différents types de jaunisse pour être en mesure de sélectionner les espèces ; c’est un travail de longue haleine.Bref, la recherche ne donne jamais des résultats de manière certaine, qu’il s’agisse des betteraves ou, d’ailleurs, des mathématiques ! (Sourires. – M. le ministre applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211929",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211929"
   ],
   "order": 789,
   "text": "J’ajouterai au débat que s’il y a une chose que prouve la recherche scientifique en agroécologie, c’est que nous avons besoin des pollinisateurs. La qualité de la discussion qui vient d’avoir lieu démontre que le Gouvernement aurait pu répondre tout autrement aux difficultés liées à la jaunisse, et que l’on aurait pu rechercher ensemble d’autres solutions.Comme d’autres au sein de l’hémicycle, le groupe Écologie démocratie solidarité prône la création d’un système d’assurance collective pour les agriculteurs. Ils ne seraient ainsi plus incités à utiliser, comme c’est le cas aujourd’hui, certains produits et notamment les néonicotinoïdes même en l’absence de ravageurs, comme un filet de sécurité pour garantir la valeur des récoltes.Le présent amendement vise donc à affirmer qu’il existe d’autres solutions que d’autoriser un poison. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 132,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211929",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7b612bec3daa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ajouterai au débat que s’il y a une chose que prouve la recherche scientifique en agroécologie, c’est que nous avons besoin des pollinisateurs. La qualité de la discussion qui vient d’avoir lieu démontre que le Gouvernement aurait pu répondre tout autrement aux difficultés liées à la jaunisse, et que l’on aurait pu rechercher ensemble d’autres solutions.Comme d’autres au sein de l’hémicycle, le groupe [GROUPE] prône la création d’un système d’assurance collective pour les agriculteurs. Ils ne seraient ainsi plus incités à utiliser, comme c’est le cas aujourd’hui, certains produits et notamment les néonicotinoïdes même en l’absence de ravageurs, comme un filet de sécurité pour garantir la valeur des récoltes.Le présent amendement vise donc à affirmer qu’il existe d’autres solutions que d’autoriser un poison. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211941",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211941"
   ],
   "order": 798,
   "text": "Je vous remercie de m’avoir laissé l’occasion de m’exprimer et d’obtenir une réponse. Nous avons joué le jeu, c’est une bonne chose.Il reste un dernier regret, que je présenterai en peu de mots. Vous souhaitez créer un conseil de surveillance pour une filière qui représente 400 000 hectares. Or, au total, 28 millions d’hectares sont cultivés en France et il existe des difficultés et des enjeux dans tous les secteurs. J’ai calculé, cela représente soixante-dix conseils de surveillance : comptez-vous les créer aussi ? Je vous invite vraiment à renoncer à cette folie au cours de la navette parlementaire et à établir plutôt un plan Écophyto collégial, démocratique et efficace, qui prenne en charge la question des néonicotinoïdes…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 118,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211941",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbadc676dc766",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie de m’avoir laissé l’occasion de m’exprimer et d’obtenir une réponse. Nous avons joué le jeu, c’est une bonne chose.Il reste un dernier regret, que je présenterai en peu de mots. Vous souhaitez créer un conseil de surveillance pour une filière qui représente 400 000 hectares. Or, au total, 28 millions d’hectares sont cultivés en France et il existe des difficultés et des enjeux dans tous les secteurs. J’ai calculé, cela représente soixante-dix conseils de surveillance : comptez-vous les créer aussi ? Je vous invite vraiment à renoncer à cette folie au cours de la navette parlementaire et à établir plutôt un plan Écophyto collégial, démocratique et efficace, qui prenne en charge la question des néonicotinoïdes…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211950",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211950"
   ],
   "order": 803,
   "text": "Il vise à préciser dans le titre du projet de loi que celui-ci est bien relatif « à la prolongation de l’usage des néonicotinoïdes ». En effet, au cours des débats, vous n’avez cessé de dire que vous souhaitiez mettre fin à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, et que ceux qui sont opposés à ces substances devaient voter ce texte qui pourtant les réintroduit. Pour que les choses soient bien claires, il est donc important de préciser dans le titre que c’est bien d’une prolongation qu’il s’agit.Je rappelle que plusieurs garde-fous factices ont prétendument été créés depuis le début du quinquennat. En l’espèce, il s’agit du conseil de surveillance, qui s’apparente à un comité Théodule, et du fait que les dérogations soient circonscrites à la betterave, ce qui suscite une incertitude juridique. Lors des débats sur l’accord économique et commercial global entre le Canada et l’Union européenne, vous invoquiez le fameux veto climatique, qui n’existe pas. Bref, vous avez usé de cette technique à de multiples reprises, comme quand Emmanuel Macron, dans un tweet de 2017, a assuré qu’il n’y aurait plus de glyphosate d’ici trois ans. Non seulement le glyphosate est encore utilisé, mais malheureusement les néonicotinoïdes vont s’y ajouter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 206,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211950",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2f36aea4b718",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il vise à préciser dans le titre du projet de loi que celui-ci est bien relatif « à la prolongation de l’usage des néonicotinoïdes ». En effet, au cours des débats, vous n’avez cessé de dire que vous souhaitiez mettre fin à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, et que ceux qui sont opposés à ces substances devaient voter ce texte qui pourtant les réintroduit. Pour que les choses soient bien claires, il est donc important de préciser dans le titre que c’est bien d’une prolongation qu’il s’agit.Je rappelle que plusieurs garde-fous factices ont prétendument été créés depuis le début du quinquennat. En l’espèce, il s’agit du conseil de surveillance, qui s’apparente à un comité Théodule, et du fait que les dérogations soient circonscrites à la betterave, ce qui suscite une incertitude juridique. Lors des débats sur l’accord économique et commercial global entre le Canada et l’Union européenne, vous invoquiez le fameux veto climatique, qui n’existe pas. Bref, vous avez usé de cette technique à de multiples reprises, comme quand [PERSONNE], dans un tweet de 2017, a assuré qu’il n’y aurait plus de glyphosate d’ici trois ans. Non seulement le glyphosate est encore utilisé, mais malheureusement les néonicotinoïdes vont s’y ajouter. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211957",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211957"
   ],
   "order": 808,
   "text": "Le groupe de La France insoumise souhaite modifier le titre en substituant aux mots « en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières » les mots « sur demande des lobbies ». Les choses seraient tout de même un peu plus claires ainsi.Il faut en effet savoir que le premier néonicotinoïde ayant été autorisé en France, en 1991, était précisément destiné à la betterave à sucre. Cette filière, au mode de culture industriel intensif, a toujours milité activement pour l’autorisation de ces produits. À cet égard, dans une vidéo de promotion de sa pétition en faveur du retour des néonicotinoïdes, la Confédération générale des planteurs de betteraves expliquait déjà en 2018 –⁠ année où les dérogations devaient prendre fin – avoir besoin de deux années supplémentaires pour développer des solutions de remplacement.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 133,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211957",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Neb96e35acc3e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe de [GROUPE] souhaite modifier le titre en substituant aux mots « en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières » les mots « sur demande des lobbies ». Les choses seraient tout de même un peu plus claires ainsi.Il faut en effet savoir que le premier néonicotinoïde ayant été autorisé en France, en 1991, était précisément destiné à la betterave à sucre. Cette filière, au mode de culture industriel intensif, a toujours milité activement pour l’autorisation de ces produits. À cet égard, dans une vidéo de promotion de sa pétition en faveur du retour des néonicotinoïdes, la Confédération générale des planteurs de betteraves expliquait déjà en 2018 –⁠ année où les dérogations devaient prendre fin – avoir besoin de deux années supplémentaires pour développer des solutions de remplacement."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211960",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211960"
   ],
   "order": 810,
   "text": "Il aura donc fallu un peu plus de temps avant que le lobbying de la filière ne parvienne finalement jusqu’à cet hémicycle.Clarifier les choses dans le titre serait donc préférable. Vous utilisez une méthode éprouvée, qui a fonctionné par exemple pour le glyphosate. Combien d’autres facéties de cette nature le Gouvernement nous réserve-t-il en matière écologique, environnementale et sanitaire, pour reprendre les trois domaines mis sur la table avec ce texte relatif à la betterave ?",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211960",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na2277d6b23ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il aura donc fallu un peu plus de temps avant que le lobbying de la filière ne parvienne finalement jusqu’à cet hémicycle.Clarifier les choses dans le titre serait donc préférable. Vous utilisez une méthode éprouvée, qui a fonctionné par exemple pour le glyphosate. Combien d’autres facéties de cette nature le Gouvernement nous réserve-t-il en matière écologique, environnementale et sanitaire, pour reprendre les trois domaines mis sur la table avec ce texte relatif à la betterave ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211963",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211963"
   ],
   "order": 812,
   "text": "Il conviendra à l’avenir de nous prémunir contre le succès de ces activités de lobbying au sein du Gouvernement, notamment en matière agricole. Nous voyons bien que les arbitrages entre agriculture, d’une part, et environnement et écologie d’autre part tournent systématiquement en la défaveur des seconds. Constituer un seul et même ministère pour ces trois domaines permettrait peut-être de résoudre cette équation… Ne désespérons pas que l’écologie politique devienne un jour la véritable boussole guidant le Gouvernement dans la défense de l’intérêt général et de notre beau pays qu’est la France.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 91,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211963",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N68c41ff36460",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il conviendra à l’avenir de nous prémunir contre le succès de ces activités de lobbying au sein du Gouvernement, notamment en matière agricole. Nous voyons bien que les arbitrages entre agriculture, d’une part, et environnement et écologie d’autre part tournent systématiquement en la défaveur des seconds. Constituer un seul et même ministère pour ces trois domaines permettrait peut-être de résoudre cette équation… Ne désespérons pas que l’écologie politique devienne un jour la véritable boussole guidant le Gouvernement dans la défense de l’intérêt général et de notre beau pays qu’est la France."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211965",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211965"
   ],
   "order": 814,
   "text": "Je profiterai d’avoir la parole pour vous remercier, monsieur le ministre, pour la qualité et la précision de vos propos. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.) Que dire hormis que vous connaissez parfaitement le sujet –⁠ je crois que personne ne pourra le nier.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211965",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb3dc15910e9f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je profiterai d’avoir la parole pour vous remercier, monsieur le ministre, pour la qualité et la précision de vos propos. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.) Que dire hormis que vous connaissez parfaitement le sujet –⁠ je crois que personne ne pourra le nier."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211968",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211968"
   ],
   "order": 816,
   "text": "Je souhaite également vous remercier, monsieur le président, pour la qualité de notre discussion et la flexibilité dont vous avez su faire preuve. (Mêmes mouvements.)Je remercie bien évidemment le président de la commission des affaires économiques, ainsi que l’ensemble –⁠ j’insiste sur ce mot – des parlementaires présents dans cet hémicycle, qui ont su faire preuve de bon sens et, souvent, d’une grande logique.Je remercie enfin les services de l’Assemblée nationale et en particulier les administrateurs et administratrices qui m’ont accompagné sur ce texte depuis le premier jour.Quant à cet amendement, je lui donne bien évidemment un avis défavorable. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 106,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211968",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndcfdae4cec0e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite également vous remercier, monsieur le président, pour la qualité de notre discussion et la flexibilité dont vous avez su faire preuve. (Mêmes mouvements.)Je remercie bien évidemment le président de la commission des affaires économiques, ainsi que l’ensemble –⁠ j’insiste sur ce mot – des parlementaires présents dans cet hémicycle, qui ont su faire preuve de bon sens et, souvent, d’une grande logique.Je remercie enfin les services de l’Assemblée nationale et en particulier les administrateurs et administratrices qui m’ont accompagné sur ce texte depuis le premier jour.Quant à cet amendement, je lui donne bien évidemment un avis défavorable. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211973",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211973"
   ],
   "order": 818,
   "text": "Il est également défavorable, et je souhaiterais surtout, mesdames et messieurs les députés, profiter de cette dernière prise de parole pour vous remercier très sincèrement. Ce texte n’avait rien d’une évidence, il était même difficile et parfois même très complexe. Il imposait également d’avoir un certain courage. J’ai eu l’occasion de le dire, le courage en politique, c’est d’affronter le temps. Dans le domaine de la nature, nous savons bien que le temps est ce qu’il y a de plus compliqué : on le subit et on ne peut rien y faire. Le sol, on le chérit, le temps, on le subit. En politique, notre force est de pouvoir affronter le temps. Il faut que nous y parvenions pour préparer l’avenir sans créer de difficultés dans le présent. Voilà ce que nous essayons de faire.Je félicite donc toutes celles et tous ceux qui défendent cela avec courage. Je le répète, la question n’est pas du tout de savoir si nous sommes pour ou contre les néonicotinoïdes :…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 167,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211973",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nefa19309eea9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est également défavorable, et je souhaiterais surtout, mesdames et messieurs les députés, profiter de cette dernière prise de parole pour vous remercier très sincèrement. Ce texte n’avait rien d’une évidence, il était même difficile et parfois même très complexe. Il imposait également d’avoir un certain courage. J’ai eu l’occasion de le dire, le courage en politique, c’est d’affronter le temps. Dans le domaine de la nature, nous savons bien que le temps est ce qu’il y a de plus compliqué : on le subit et on ne peut rien y faire. Le sol, on le chérit, le temps, on le subit. En politique, notre force est de pouvoir affronter le temps. Il faut que nous y parvenions pour préparer l’avenir sans créer de difficultés dans le présent. Voilà ce que nous essayons de faire.Je félicite donc toutes celles et tous ceux qui défendent cela avec courage. Je le répète, la question n’est pas du tout de savoir si nous sommes pour ou contre les néonicotinoïdes :…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211976",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211976"
   ],
   "order": 820,
   "text": "…elle est de savoir si nous souhaitons réaliser la transition agroécologique avec la filière française. Ce n’est pas une question d’écologie ou d’économie, encore moins une opposition : c’est une question de souveraineté.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211976",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N83c0b5887a7c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "…elle est de savoir si nous souhaitons réaliser la transition agroécologique avec la filière française. Ce n’est pas une question d’écologie ou d’économie, encore moins une opposition : c’est une question de souveraineté."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211978",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211978"
   ],
   "order": 822,
   "text": "À mon tour, je souhaiterais remercier M. le président, l’ancienne et la nouvelle présidente de la commission du développement durable, M. le rapporteur, Mme la rapporteure pour avis, M. le président de la commission des affaires économiques, ainsi que tous les parlementaires qui, à cette heure très tardive un lundi soir, étaient présents pour ce débat important. Il me semble qu’il a été à la hauteur de cet enjeu crucial pour nos territoires. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem, Agir ens, UDI-I et LR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211978",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2fca30985335",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "À mon tour, je souhaiterais remercier M. le président, l’ancienne et la nouvelle présidente de la commission du développement durable, M. le rapporteur, Mme la rapporteure pour avis, M. le président de la commission des affaires économiques, ainsi que tous les parlementaires qui, à cette heure très tardive un lundi soir, étaient présents pour ce débat important. Il me semble qu’il a été à la hauteur de cet enjeu crucial pour nos territoires. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem, Agir ens, [GROUPE]-I et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211982",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211982"
   ],
   "order": 826,
   "text": "S’il y a une chose enrobée, ce ne sont pas les graines de betterave, mais votre discours, monsieur le ministre. Vous nous expliquez les mille et une vertus, contraintes et difficultés de la filière, lesquelles, à vous écouter, sont nombreuses et très très très complexes. Il n’en demeure pas moins que vous êtes du côté des néonicotinoïdes, tout en affirmant y être opposé, ce qui est tout de même une prouesse assez extraordinaire que vous accomplissez ici à deux heures quinze du matin.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 83,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211982",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nef849f6d17a8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "S’il y a une chose enrobée, ce ne sont pas les graines de betterave, mais votre discours, monsieur le ministre. Vous nous expliquez les mille et une vertus, contraintes et difficultés de la filière, lesquelles, à vous écouter, sont nombreuses et très très très complexes. Il n’en demeure pas moins que vous êtes du côté des néonicotinoïdes, tout en affirmant y être opposé, ce qui est tout de même une prouesse assez extraordinaire que vous accomplissez ici à deux heures quinze du matin."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720430",
   "speaker": "Ugo Bernalicis",
   "quality": "M. Ugo Bernalicis",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211984",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211984"
   ],
   "order": 828,
   "text": "Pour cet exploit, je ne vous félicite pas, monsieur le ministre, pas plus que je ne félicite mes collègues de la majorité. Je crois que les Français vous le rendront bien dans les urnes ; du moins je le souhaite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211984",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0393789d0251",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour cet exploit, je ne vous félicite pas, monsieur le ministre, pas plus que je ne félicite mes collègues de la majorité. Je crois que les Français vous le rendront bien dans les urnes ; du moins je le souhaite. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211986",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211986"
   ],
   "order": 830,
   "text": "Céder à la pression des plus récalcitrants au changement, cela ne s’appelle pas du courage, mais du conservatisme. La décision que chaque député sera amené à prendre demain aura des conséquences graves sur le vivant en France. Chacun de nous se souvient certainement –⁠ c’était il y a des années, nous étions peut-être encore enfants – des sauterelles ou des papillons qui n’existent plus aujourd’hui. Voilà de quoi il s’agit.Ce vote comportera aussi des conséquences pour l’image de la France dans le monde…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 83,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211986",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4fc94faf8cff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Céder à la pression des plus récalcitrants au changement, cela ne s’appelle pas du courage, mais du conservatisme. La décision que chaque député sera amené à prendre demain aura des conséquences graves sur le vivant en France. Chacun de nous se souvient certainement –⁠ c’était il y a des années, nous étions peut-être encore enfants – des sauterelles ou des papillons qui n’existent plus aujourd’hui. Voilà de quoi il s’agit.Ce vote comportera aussi des conséquences pour l’image de la France dans le monde…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007",
   "date": "2020-10-05",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-05_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-lundi-05-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-05_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "e04dfe259ffeba1e1b7006e2a2eb383c14bc93ac658621a58e9dc9dc33100f3a",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211990",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2211990"
   ],
   "order": 835,
   "text": "Comme chacun a eu son mot de conclusion, voilà celui du groupe Écologie démocratie et solidarité, en attendant le vote de demain. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N007-2211990",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N09724289a8f4",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme chacun a eu son mot de conclusion, voilà celui du groupe Écologie démocratie et solidarité, en attendant le vote de demain. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes EDS et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2212614",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212614"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Je ne vous cache pas ma sincère émotion. Cette émotion, que partagent certains collègues ainsi que d’anciens députés, se fait ressentir à quelques minutes d’un vote qui tourne le dos à des années de travail et de combat aux côtés des apiculteurs et de centaines de milliers de citoyens qui se sont mobilisés pour obtenir l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes.De fait, ce sont vingt-six ans d’efforts pour faire reconnaître les vérités scientifiques sur les impacts monstrueux de ces poisons qui seront remis en question par ce projet de loi de réhabilitation des néonicotinoïdes, et ce pour des enjeux économiques de court terme.Ce texte intervient au moment même où l’économie mondiale a dû être mise à l’arrêt et se trouve en récession en raison d’une pandémie dont l’état des connaissances scientifiques nous dit qu’elle est certainement liée à la destruction massive des écosystèmes, laquelle permet à des virus de franchir des barrières d’espèces.Au-delà de tous les enjeux politiques, l’orientation que le Gouvernement propose au Parlement est bouleversante. On se demande comment une telle aberration, qui consiste à remettre sciemment dans la nature un poison qui tue les abeilles, les oiseaux ou les papillons, et qui continuera de produire des effets bien au-delà de cette législature, pourra être assumée aussi bien politiquement que moralement.Depuis l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes dans les années 1990, 85 % des populations d’insectes qui peuplent les campagnes de France ont disparu en moins d’un quart de siècle, tandis qu’un tiers des oiseaux des champs se sont éteints en moins de quinze ans. Ces chiffres donnent le vertige.La voilà, la véritable pénurie qui menace notre souveraineté et notre sécurité alimentaires : elle est celle des pollinisateurs et des insectes. Elle produit une nature morte et vide de toute cette richesse du vivant qui fait la beauté de nos paysages et travaille gratuitement avec nos agricultrices et nos agriculteurs.Avec ce projet de loi, nous avons beaucoup parlé de la betterave à sucre, mais sans donner droit à l’intérêt général ni voix au chapitre à toutes les autres productions agricoles ; je pense, bien sûr, à l’apiculture, mais plus généralement à toutes les grandes cultures qui dépendent de la pollinisation et présentent déjà une évolution défavorable de leurs rendements, faute de pollinisateurs.Qu’à cela ne tienne, des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes, contenant des produits tellement dangereux qu’ils ont été interdits non seulement en France mais dans l’Union européenne, seront utilisés sur 400 000 hectares, sans même que l’on sache si les conditions propices aux infestations de pucerons et à la jaunisse ne se reproduiront pas.Un moineau passe et mange une ou deux graines de semences mal enfouies : il est tué instantanément !En outre, 80 à 98 % du poison contenu dans les semis néonicotinoïdes part dans le sol et dans les eaux. Une abeille passe et boit dans une flaque : elle meurt instantanément ! D’autres vont butiner les pissenlits ou les colzas à des centaines de mètres voire à des kilomètres de là : elles ramèneront des néonicotinoïdes dans la ruche alors que des quantités infimes, de l’ordre de 0,005 nanogramme par jour, suffisent à multiplier par deux le taux de mortalité au sein de la colonie.Ce désastre durera pendant des années car ces poisons s’accumulent et leur rémanence dépasse les vingt ans.Au cours du débat d’hier, nous avons entendu, médusés, certaines argumentations contestant ces vérités scientifiques. Mais nier l’évidence de la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes pour la biodiversité est aussi obscurantiste que de nier la responsabilité des émissions de gaz à effet de serre liées aux activités humaines dans le changement climatique.Quant à la situation de la filière de la betterave à sucre, il existait un autre chemin. Mais vous avez écarté toutes les propositions que nous avons faites pour indemniser les pertes des agriculteurs et leur assurer des revenus garantis, conditionnés à une évolution des pratiques vers l’agro-écologie. La réhabilitation des néonicotinoïdes a été justifiée par un argument roi, s’apparentant à un chantage : celui du spectre d’une pénurie de sucre alors que la France est très largement exportatrice.Le groupe Écologie démocratie solidarité appelle à un vote de conscience et de lucidité sur l’urgence climatique dans laquelle nous sommes. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous avons demandé un vote solennel. À l’Assemblée nationale, il y a des votes qui échappent à la logique partisane car ils constituent des choix éthiques. Nous appelons chaque député à s’émanciper des camps, à faire le choix de la survie du vivant, à voter pour les abeilles, les papillons et les oiseaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LaREM, SOC et LT.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 763,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2212614",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd819628349c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne vous cache pas ma sincère émotion. Cette émotion, que partagent certains collègues ainsi que d’anciens députés, se fait ressentir à quelques minutes d’un vote qui tourne le dos à des années de travail et de combat aux côtés des apiculteurs et de centaines de milliers de citoyens qui se sont mobilisés pour obtenir l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes.De fait, ce sont vingt-six ans d’efforts pour faire reconnaître les vérités scientifiques sur les impacts monstrueux de ces poisons qui seront remis en question par ce projet de loi de réhabilitation des néonicotinoïdes, et ce pour des enjeux économiques de court terme.Ce texte intervient au moment même où l’économie mondiale a dû être mise à l’arrêt et se trouve en récession en raison d’une pandémie dont l’état des connaissances scientifiques nous dit qu’elle est certainement liée à la destruction massive des écosystèmes, laquelle permet à des virus de franchir des barrières d’espèces.Au-delà de tous les enjeux politiques, l’orientation que le Gouvernement propose au Parlement est bouleversante. On se demande comment une telle aberration, qui consiste à remettre sciemment dans la nature un poison qui tue les abeilles, les oiseaux ou les papillons, et qui continuera de produire des effets bien au-delà de cette législature, pourra être assumée aussi bien politiquement que moralement.Depuis l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes dans les années 1990, 85 % des populations d’insectes qui peuplent les campagnes de France ont disparu en moins d’un quart de siècle, tandis qu’un tiers des oiseaux des champs se sont éteints en moins de quinze ans. Ces chiffres donnent le vertige.La voilà, la véritable pénurie qui menace notre souveraineté et notre sécurité alimentaires : elle est celle des pollinisateurs et des insectes. Elle produit une nature morte et vide de toute cette richesse du vivant qui fait la beauté de nos paysages et travaille gratuitement avec nos agricultrices et nos agriculteurs.Avec ce projet de loi, nous avons beaucoup parlé de la betterave à sucre, mais sans donner droit à l’intérêt général ni voix au chapitre à toutes les autres productions agricoles ; je pense, bien sûr, à l’apiculture, mais plus généralement à toutes les grandes cultures qui dépendent de la pollinisation et présentent déjà une évolution défavorable de leurs rendements, faute de pollinisateurs.Qu’à cela ne tienne, des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes, contenant des produits tellement dangereux qu’ils ont été interdits non seulement en France mais dans l’Union européenne, seront utilisés sur 400 000 hectares, sans même que l’on sache si les conditions propices aux infestations de pucerons et à la jaunisse ne se reproduiront pas.Un moineau passe et mange une ou deux graines de semences mal enfouies : il est tué instantanément !En outre, 80 à 98 % du poison contenu dans les semis néonicotinoïdes part dans le sol et dans les eaux. Une abeille passe et boit dans une flaque : elle meurt instantanément ! D’autres vont butiner les pissenlits ou les colzas à des centaines de mètres voire à des kilomètres de là : elles ramèneront des néonicotinoïdes dans la ruche alors que des quantités infimes, de l’ordre de 0,005 nanogramme par jour, suffisent à multiplier par deux le taux de mortalité au sein de la colonie.Ce désastre durera pendant des années car ces poisons s’accumulent et leur rémanence dépasse les vingt ans.Au cours du débat d’hier, nous avons entendu, médusés, certaines argumentations contestant ces vérités scientifiques. Mais nier l’évidence de la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes pour la biodiversité est aussi obscurantiste que de nier la responsabilité des émissions de gaz à effet de serre liées aux activités humaines dans le changement climatique.Quant à la situation de la filière de la betterave à sucre, il existait un autre chemin. Mais vous avez écarté toutes les propositions que nous avons faites pour indemniser les pertes des agriculteurs et leur assurer des revenus garantis, conditionnés à une évolution des pratiques vers l’agro-écologie. La réhabilitation des néonicotinoïdes a été justifiée par un argument roi, s’apparentant à un chantage : celui du spectre d’une pénurie de sucre alors que la France est très largement exportatrice.Le groupe [GROUPE] appelle à un vote de conscience et de lucidité sur l’urgence climatique dans laquelle nous sommes. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous avons demandé un vote solennel. À l’Assemblée nationale, il y a des votes qui échappent à la logique partisane car ils constituent des choix éthiques. Nous appelons chaque député à s’émanciper des camps, à faire le choix de la survie du vivant, à voter pour les abeilles, les papillons et les oiseaux. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe EDS ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], [GROUPE] et LT.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2212630",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212630"
   ],
   "order": 351,
   "text": "Nos débats passionnés et passionnants ont témoigné de la dimension symbolique que revêt la problématique des néonicotinoïdes. Cette question se trouve en effet à la croisée de deux grands objectifs que nous partageons toutes et tous au sein de la majorité présidentielle. Il s’agit, d’une part, de la préservation de notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale et européenne ; la crise sanitaire que nous traversons depuis de nombreux mois conforte cette nécessité et a permis de faire la lumière sur la résilience de notre agriculture. Et il s’agit, d’autre part, de la transition agro-écologique, nécessaire et même indispensable pour l’agriculture de notre pays.Sans revenir sur nos longs débats, je souhaite rappeler que ce projet de loi ne constitue pas une réautorisation pure et simple des néonicotinoïdes, mais une réponse pragmatique à la situation catastrophique dans laquelle se trouve la filière de la betterave sucrière française depuis de nombreux mois. Elle doit faire face à la prolifération du virus de la jaunisse et se situe dans une impasse technique monumentale depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes en 2018. C’est un fait : face à un hiver doux, puis à un printemps tempéré, les betteraviers n’ont pas réussi à endiguer cette maladie avec les produits de substitution dont ils disposaient et qui sont d’ailleurs, par de nombreux aspects, plus dangereux que les néonicotinoïdes, car leur pulvérisation a détruit toute vie sur un certain nombre de parcelles.Cette filière qui emploie environ 40 000 personnes, qui regroupe cultures et sucreries, agriculteurs et industriels, cette filière qui produit l’alcool utilisé par notre parfumerie –⁠ l’une des plus reconnues au monde – et qui, au début de la crise actuelle, s’est ainsi mise à fabriquer en masse des gels hydroalcooliques, cette filière se trouve dans une situation catastrophique. Si nous ne faisons rien, elle est condamnée à disparaître : face aux aléas climatiques, et à défaut d’autre solution, nos agriculteurs décideront de planter autre chose que de la betterave. Les indemniser n’est pas la question. Un agriculteur ne se lève pas le matin pour savoir quelles subventions il va toucher à la fin du mois, mais avec l’espoir, que nous devons nourrir, de vivre dignement de la vente des produits qu’il aura cultivés dans le respect de l’environnement. Encore une fois, le projet de loi que nous allons voter n’a pas vocation à réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes : l’enrobage des semences de betterave sucrière ne concerne que 10 % des usages qui en étaient faits avant 2016, et dont 90 % resteront donc interdits. De plus, le ministre a apporté des garanties concernant leur rémanence, puisque la filière s’est engagée à ne pas cultiver de plantes mellifères dans les deux ans suivant la plantation de betteraves, afin d’éviter que des pollinisateurs ne soient contaminés par les néonicotinoïdes.Le projet de loi n’entend pas nier le danger que présentent ces insecticides, mais l’encadrer strictement. Les travaux effectués en commission, puis en séance, ont abouti à un texte qui prévoit une utilisation restreinte à l’enrobage des semences, sous réserve d’un accord entre les ministres de l’agriculture, de la santé et de la transition écologique, et pour une durée limitée à trois ans au plus. Notre objectif demeure la transition agro-écologique, qui ne se fera pas sans les filières concernées et en premier lieu la filière de la betterave sucrière.Plus généralement, tous ces débats ne doivent pas laisser croire que notre agriculture serait seule responsable de la chute de la biodiversité, du réchauffement climatique, des atteintes à l’environnement, ainsi que nous avons pu l’entendre au cours de nos discussions. Partout dans le monde, elle est reconnue comme la plus durable. Pourquoi toujours montrer du doigt les pratiques de 400 000 agriculteurs et ne jamais s’interroger sur le mode de vie des 67 millions de Français ? Certes, nous avons connu cette année une recrudescence des pollinisateurs et la production de miel battra certainement des records, mais ce phénomène n’est pas dû à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes : il résulte de l’arrêt de toute activité humaine pendant deux mois et par conséquent de la baisse de la pollution.L’agriculture est une voie vers la reconquête de la biodiversité. Sa transition, sa mutation agro-écologique est enclenchée, mais le temps agronomique et agricole est plus long que le temps politique et médiatique. En tant que représentants de la nation, il est de notre devoir de calculer le rapport bénéfice-risque et de légiférer en fonction de l’intérêt général. C’est pourquoi le groupe La République en marche soutiendra ce texte, qui rend minime le risque lié à l’utilisation en faible quantité des néonicotinoïdes…",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "words": 751,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2212630",
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   "annotation_id": "N50d4e4f31b5c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nos débats passionnés et passionnants ont témoigné de la dimension symbolique que revêt la problématique des néonicotinoïdes. Cette question se trouve en effet à la croisée de deux grands objectifs que nous partageons toutes et tous au sein de la majorité présidentielle. Il s’agit, d’une part, de la préservation de notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale et européenne ; la crise sanitaire que nous traversons depuis de nombreux mois conforte cette nécessité et a permis de faire la lumière sur la résilience de notre agriculture. Et il s’agit, d’autre part, de la transition agro-écologique, nécessaire et même indispensable pour l’agriculture de notre pays.Sans revenir sur nos longs débats, je souhaite rappeler que ce projet de loi ne constitue pas une réautorisation pure et simple des néonicotinoïdes, mais une réponse pragmatique à la situation catastrophique dans laquelle se trouve la filière de la betterave sucrière française depuis de nombreux mois. Elle doit faire face à la prolifération du virus de la jaunisse et se situe dans une impasse technique monumentale depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes en 2018. C’est un fait : face à un hiver doux, puis à un printemps tempéré, les betteraviers n’ont pas réussi à endiguer cette maladie avec les produits de substitution dont ils disposaient et qui sont d’ailleurs, par de nombreux aspects, plus dangereux que les néonicotinoïdes, car leur pulvérisation a détruit toute vie sur un certain nombre de parcelles.Cette filière qui emploie environ 40 000 personnes, qui regroupe cultures et sucreries, agriculteurs et industriels, cette filière qui produit l’alcool utilisé par notre parfumerie –⁠ l’une des plus reconnues au monde – et qui, au début de la crise actuelle, s’est ainsi mise à fabriquer en masse des gels hydroalcooliques, cette filière se trouve dans une situation catastrophique. Si nous ne faisons rien, elle est condamnée à disparaître : face aux aléas climatiques, et à défaut d’autre solution, nos agriculteurs décideront de planter autre chose que de la betterave. Les indemniser n’est pas la question. Un agriculteur ne se lève pas le matin pour savoir quelles subventions il va toucher à la fin du mois, mais avec l’espoir, que nous devons nourrir, de vivre dignement de la vente des produits qu’il aura cultivés dans le respect de l’environnement. Encore une fois, le projet de loi que nous allons voter n’a pas vocation à réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes : l’enrobage des semences de betterave sucrière ne concerne que 10 % des usages qui en étaient faits avant 2016, et dont 90 % resteront donc interdits. De plus, le ministre a apporté des garanties concernant leur rémanence, puisque la filière s’est engagée à ne pas cultiver de plantes mellifères dans les deux ans suivant la plantation de betteraves, afin d’éviter que des pollinisateurs ne soient contaminés par les néonicotinoïdes.Le projet de loi n’entend pas nier le danger que présentent ces insecticides, mais l’encadrer strictement. Les travaux effectués en commission, puis en séance, ont abouti à un texte qui prévoit une utilisation restreinte à l’enrobage des semences, sous réserve d’un accord entre les ministres de l’agriculture, de la santé et de la transition écologique, et pour une durée limitée à trois ans au plus. Notre objectif demeure la transition agro-écologique, qui ne se fera pas sans les filières concernées et en premier lieu la filière de la betterave sucrière.Plus généralement, tous ces débats ne doivent pas laisser croire que notre agriculture serait seule responsable de la chute de la biodiversité, du réchauffement climatique, des atteintes à l’environnement, ainsi que nous avons pu l’entendre au cours de nos discussions. Partout dans le monde, elle est reconnue comme la plus durable. Pourquoi toujours montrer du doigt les pratiques de 400 000 agriculteurs et ne jamais s’interroger sur le mode de vie des 67 millions de Français ? Certes, nous avons connu cette année une recrudescence des pollinisateurs et la production de miel battra certainement des records, mais ce phénomène n’est pas dû à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes : il résulte de l’arrêt de toute activité humaine pendant deux mois et par conséquent de la baisse de la pollution.L’agriculture est une voie vers la reconquête de la biodiversité. Sa transition, sa mutation agro-écologique est enclenchée, mais le temps agronomique et agricole est plus long que le temps politique et médiatique. En tant que représentants de la nation, il est de notre devoir de calculer le rapport bénéfice-risque et de légiférer en fonction de l’intérêt général. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] soutiendra ce texte, qui rend minime le risque lié à l’utilisation en faible quantité des néonicotinoïdes…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213295",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213295"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Ce qui nous amène à nous exprimer aujourd’hui sur ce projet de loi, c’est bien la situation de crise dans laquelle la filière de la betterave sucrière est plongée depuis plusieurs années : fin des quotas, chute des cours, distorsions de concurrence dues aux divergences normatives au sein même de l’Union européenne, et désormais crise sanitaire, car le virus de la jaunisse de la betterave ravage les productions.En France, chaque fermeture d’une sucrerie entraîne la suppression de 100, 200, 300, 400 emplois directs : autant de familles touchées, de territoires affectés, autant d’emplois industriels que nous ne restaurerons pas. Cette activité contribue à notre souveraineté économique et alimentaire ; elle nous évite d’avoir dans nos cuisines du sucre importé de piètre qualité.Par conséquent, délaisser cette filière reviendrait à abandonner des milliers de personnes, ainsi qu’une part de notre souveraineté. Ce serait un drame économique et social. Que les aficionados de la caricature outrancière,…",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 153,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213295",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5999a1661015",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qui nous amène à nous exprimer aujourd’hui sur ce projet de loi, c’est bien la situation de crise dans laquelle la filière de la betterave sucrière est plongée depuis plusieurs années : fin des quotas, chute des cours, distorsions de concurrence dues aux divergences normatives au sein même de l’Union européenne, et désormais crise sanitaire, car le virus de la jaunisse de la betterave ravage les productions.En France, chaque fermeture d’une sucrerie entraîne la suppression de 100, 200, 300, 400 emplois directs : autant de familles touchées, de territoires affectés, autant d’emplois industriels que nous ne restaurerons pas. Cette activité contribue à notre souveraineté économique et alimentaire ; elle nous évite d’avoir dans nos cuisines du sucre importé de piètre qualité.Par conséquent, délaisser cette filière reviendrait à abandonner des milliers de personnes, ainsi qu’une part de notre souveraineté. Ce serait un drame économique et social. Que les aficionados de la caricature outrancière,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213299",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213299"
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   "order": 358,
   "text": "…qui soutiennent ce choix, l’assument : ce n’est pas le mien.Une économie sans industrie forte, sans agriculture forte, est une économie fragile, sans avenir. Pour autant, ces deux secteurs doivent affronter l’urgence environnementale et s’engager pleinement en ce sens. Opposer l’économie à l’écologie n’a aucun sens en 2020 : la transition vers l’agro-écologie constitue la preuve éclatante qu’elles sont conciliables. La transition, voilà l’essence même de la situation dans laquelle nous sommes. Transformer, muter, convertir ne se réalise pas en un claquement de doigts. L’adaptation nécessite des efforts, un peu de temps ; telle est l’ambition de ce texte.Ce projet de loi établit l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pour toutes les cultures mellifères et le fait que la filière de la betterave à sucre n’aura plus droit à une chance supplémentaire après 2023. Le message est clair : au boulot ! Au boulot pour accélérer la transition vers l’agro-écologie, pour accélérer la conversion au bio, pour fixer à la culture de la betterave un objectif de haute valeur environnementale.La période dérogatoire ne concernera que la filière de la betterave sucrière, c’est-à-dire trente départements et 1,6 % des champs exploités en France. Il ne s’agit pas d’autoriser de nouveau une substance active controversée dans les plus grandes régions apicoles de France, puisque la culture betteravière y est absente. Il ne s’agit pas des abeilles des territoires concernés, puisque, par définition, elles n’iront pas butiner des cultures non mellifères. En outre, contester ce texte, c’est ne prendre pour cible que l’enrobage des semences, alors que la filière s’est engagée à en réduire la proportion et que la pulvérisation affecte davantage les insectes auxiliaires.Ce sursis accordé à la filière sucrière doit être pour nous l’occasion de tirer une leçon de ce débat, de remettre en question notre façon de prendre des décisions abruptes. L’interdiction par la loi d’une substance active doit toujours prévoir des délais réalistes afin de trouver des alternatives, d’autres substances acceptables, d’autres techniques culturales, favorisant le bio-contrôle, en vue d’une pérennité économique et écologique. En bref, il faut s’assurer en amont de l’existence d’une alternative viable et, s’il n’y en a pas, accepter de prévoir une période de transition, ainsi que tous les moyens nécessaires. C’est de cette manière que nous arriverons à concilier écologie et économie, que nous mènerons à bien la transition vers l’agro-écologie de toutes les filières agricoles.L’interdiction unilatérale, sans concertation, sans propositions, ne conduit qu’à des impasses comme celle-ci. C’est la raison pour laquelle ce projet de loi, qui suscite chez plusieurs d’entre vous, chers collègues, des interrogations légitimes, constitue en réalité une occasion d’être plus exigeant avec la filière. J’en veux pour preuve la création du conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives : il sera composé de parlementaires, de chercheurs, de représentants des associations de protection de l’environnement, mais aussi des apiculteurs. Hier soir, au cours de nos débats, nous avons voulu les y associer. Ils traversent eux-mêmes une période difficile et le sujet les concerne : leur place était au sein de ce conseil.Les pollinisateurs sont essentiels à notre biodiversité et à notre souveraineté ; pour autant, ne tombons pas dans la caricature en nous en prenant uniquement aux agriculteurs et en les accusant d’être des tueurs d’abeilles. Les véritables fautifs sont ceux qui n’ont pas eu de vision à long terme, si bien qu’ils ont débouché dans des impasses, opposé des filières entre elles, et pour finir retardé la transition.Même si la majeure partie du groupe Les Républicains votera en faveur de ce texte, nous sommes attachés à la liberté du vote individuel, qui nous rappelle que nous ne nous perdons pas dans nos certitudes et que le doute a un rôle à jouer dans toute décision saine. Ce projet de loi n’est pas un blanc-seing, mais une dernière chance pour la filière –⁠ dernière chance exigeante. Nous avons trois ans pour trouver une alternative, trois ans pour accompagner cette transition et en finir avec les néonicotinoïdes, trois ans pour préserver les emplois industriels de nos territoires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LR et sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 689,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213299",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne8a6f5107dad",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "…qui soutiennent ce choix, l’assument : ce n’est pas le mien.Une économie sans industrie forte, sans agriculture forte, est une économie fragile, sans avenir. Pour autant, ces deux secteurs doivent affronter l’urgence environnementale et s’engager pleinement en ce sens. Opposer l’économie à l’écologie n’a aucun sens en 2020 : la transition vers l’agro-écologie constitue la preuve éclatante qu’elles sont conciliables. La transition, voilà l’essence même de la situation dans laquelle nous sommes. Transformer, muter, convertir ne se réalise pas en un claquement de doigts. L’adaptation nécessite des efforts, un peu de temps ; telle est l’ambition de ce texte.Ce projet de loi établit l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pour toutes les cultures mellifères et le fait que la filière de la betterave à sucre n’aura plus droit à une chance supplémentaire après 2023. Le message est clair : au boulot ! Au boulot pour accélérer la transition vers l’agro-écologie, pour accélérer la conversion au bio, pour fixer à la culture de la betterave un objectif de haute valeur environnementale.La période dérogatoire ne concernera que la filière de la betterave sucrière, c’est-à-dire trente départements et 1,6 % des champs exploités en France. Il ne s’agit pas d’autoriser de nouveau une substance active controversée dans les plus grandes régions apicoles de France, puisque la culture betteravière y est absente. Il ne s’agit pas des abeilles des territoires concernés, puisque, par définition, elles n’iront pas butiner des cultures non mellifères. En outre, contester ce texte, c’est ne prendre pour cible que l’enrobage des semences, alors que la filière s’est engagée à en réduire la proportion et que la pulvérisation affecte davantage les insectes auxiliaires.Ce sursis accordé à la filière sucrière doit être pour nous l’occasion de tirer une leçon de ce débat, de remettre en question notre façon de prendre des décisions abruptes. L’interdiction par la loi d’une substance active doit toujours prévoir des délais réalistes afin de trouver des alternatives, d’autres substances acceptables, d’autres techniques culturales, favorisant le bio-contrôle, en vue d’une pérennité économique et écologique. En bref, il faut s’assurer en amont de l’existence d’une alternative viable et, s’il n’y en a pas, accepter de prévoir une période de transition, ainsi que tous les moyens nécessaires. C’est de cette manière que nous arriverons à concilier écologie et économie, que nous mènerons à bien la transition vers l’agro-écologie de toutes les filières agricoles.L’interdiction unilatérale, sans concertation, sans propositions, ne conduit qu’à des impasses comme celle-ci. C’est la raison pour laquelle ce projet de loi, qui suscite chez plusieurs d’entre vous, chers collègues, des interrogations légitimes, constitue en réalité une occasion d’être plus exigeant avec la filière. J’en veux pour preuve la création du conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives : il sera composé de parlementaires, de chercheurs, de représentants des associations de protection de l’environnement, mais aussi des apiculteurs. Hier soir, au cours de nos débats, nous avons voulu les y associer. Ils traversent eux-mêmes une période difficile et le sujet les concerne : leur place était au sein de ce conseil.Les pollinisateurs sont essentiels à notre biodiversité et à notre souveraineté ; pour autant, ne tombons pas dans la caricature en nous en prenant uniquement aux agriculteurs et en les accusant d’être des tueurs d’abeilles. Les véritables fautifs sont ceux qui n’ont pas eu de vision à long terme, si bien qu’ils ont débouché dans des impasses, opposé des filières entre elles, et pour finir retardé la transition.Même si la majeure partie du groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de ce texte, nous sommes attachés à la liberté du vote individuel, qui nous rappelle que nous ne nous perdons pas dans nos certitudes et que le doute a un rôle à jouer dans toute décision saine. Ce projet de loi n’est pas un blanc-seing, mais une dernière chance pour la filière –⁠ dernière chance exigeante. Nous avons trois ans pour trouver une alternative, trois ans pour accompagner cette transition et en finir avec les néonicotinoïdes, trois ans pour préserver les emplois industriels de nos territoires. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213307",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213307"
   ],
   "order": 360,
   "text": "Je l’ai dit hier : ce vote ne sera ni évident, ni facile. Il est toutefois nécessaire, et j’en appelle à votre responsabilité à tous : voulons-nous condamner une filière victime des choix politiques irresponsables qui ont été faits il y a quatre ans ?En tant que législateurs, nous devons nous en tenir à une ligne claire : pas d’interdiction sans solution. Celle des néonicotinoïdes a été décidée en 2016, sans qu’aucune autre solution viable n’existe. Quatre ans plus tard, nous voici dans une situation sans issue qui a conduit les betteraviers à utiliser des insecticides encore plus dangereux, les désormais bien connus pyréthrinoïdes. Tandis que les néonicotinoïdes n’étaient autorisés que sous forme d’enrobage de la graine, se diffusant ensuite dans la plante, les pyréthrinoïdes sont appliqués par pulvérisation et détruisent indistinctement tous les insectes qui se trouvent alors à la surface du plant, coccinelles ou pucerons –⁠ dont un grand nombre prolifère d’ailleurs à l’abri des feuilles. Nous ne pouvons continuer à adopter dans cet hémicycle des interdictions qui paraissent louables et de bon aloi mais dont les conséquences se révèlent encore plus néfastes que la pratique originelle.",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 189,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213307",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8f223ab98ee1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je l’ai dit hier : ce vote ne sera ni évident, ni facile. Il est toutefois nécessaire, et j’en appelle à votre responsabilité à tous : voulons-nous condamner une filière victime des choix politiques irresponsables qui ont été faits il y a quatre ans ?En tant que législateurs, nous devons nous en tenir à une ligne claire : pas d’interdiction sans solution. Celle des néonicotinoïdes a été décidée en 2016, sans qu’aucune autre solution viable n’existe. Quatre ans plus tard, nous voici dans une situation sans issue qui a conduit les betteraviers à utiliser des insecticides encore plus dangereux, les désormais bien connus pyréthrinoïdes. Tandis que les néonicotinoïdes n’étaient autorisés que sous forme d’enrobage de la graine, se diffusant ensuite dans la plante, les pyréthrinoïdes sont appliqués par pulvérisation et détruisent indistinctement tous les insectes qui se trouvent alors à la surface du plant, coccinelles ou pucerons –⁠ dont un grand nombre prolifère d’ailleurs à l’abri des feuilles. Nous ne pouvons continuer à adopter dans cet hémicycle des interdictions qui paraissent louables et de bon aloi mais dont les conséquences se révèlent encore plus néfastes que la pratique originelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213309",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213309"
   ],
   "order": 362,
   "text": "L’accompagnement est en effet le maître mot d’une transition écologique réussie. Si la transition vers une agriculture sans pesticides doit être entreprise avec sincérité et résolution, elle ne peut raisonnablement faire l’impasse sur le principe de réalité. Ce projet de loi ne propose donc qu’une solution à court terme, qui vise à contrecarrer des pratiques catastrophiques pour la biodiversité. Cette solution répond également à une urgence : toutes les régions productrices françaises sont touchées par le virus de la jaunisse de la betterave ; la perte de rendement peut atteindre 20 % à 40 % pour les parcelles les plus touchées. Cette situation incite les agriculteurs à ne pas replanter de betteraves sucrières. Nous risquons ainsi de les voir, en 2021, massivement délaissées au profit d’autres cultures, ce qui pourrait entraîner la fermeture de nombreuses sucreries et, à terme, la disparition de la filière betteravière.Il faut donc réfléchir à des alternatives plus respectueuses de l’environnement. Les chercheurs de l’INRAE, l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, travaillent depuis des années à la mise au point de pratiques durables : changement du système de culture, faux semis avant implantation, rotation de cultures beaucoup plus longues, parcelles plus petites, accroissement de la biodiversité, recours aux prédateurs des pucerons. Des alternatives sont donc en cours d’élaboration, mais encore trop peu abouties pour être utilisées efficacement par les agriculteurs. La recherche prend du temps et nécessite beaucoup de moyens. Néanmoins, grâce au plan de relance et aux investissements massifs, 5 millions d’euros viennent d’être débloqués en vue de la recherche de solutions efficientes qui nous éviteront, dans trois ans, une nouvelle impasse.Rappelons que le groupe Mouvement démocrate (MoDem) et démocrates apparentés a fait adopter en commission, avec d’autres groupes, des amendements instituant un conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes. Nous sommes convaincus que l’éradication des populations de pucerons ne sera possible, à terme, qu’en recourant à l’agro-écologie et entre autres aux haies bocagères, véritables réservoirs de biodiversité, en particulier de prédateurs des pucerons. Sept ou huit ans suffisent pour enrichir le paysage d’une haie de belle taille. Nos concitoyens y sont très sensibles, car ces haies sont bien visibles et ont un effet perceptible sur la biodiversité, permettant l’installation de nouvelles populations d’insectes utiles. Monsieur le ministre, profitons donc de l’actuelle réforme de la PAC, la politique agricole commune, pour inciter les agriculteurs à se tourner vers d’autres méthodes, telles que les haies bocagères. L’agriculture s’inscrit dans le temps long : elle nécessite un accompagnement durant plusieurs années. C’est pourquoi nous considérons qu’il est indispensable de proposer une politique à long terme, par exemple un soutien et une restructuration de la filière apicole ou la création d’espaces Natura 2000 visant à favoriser l’installation de ruches et la production d’un miel français. Il importe d’accompagner ce projet de loi de politiques publiques globales, destinées d’une part à encourager la restructuration de nos paysages par des haies, d’autre part à soutenir les apiculteurs, auxquels il est de notre devoir d’adresser des signaux positifs. Dans cette attente, nous voterons en faveur du texte qui nous est soumis. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 542,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213309",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc26f6730621a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’accompagnement est en effet le maître mot d’une transition écologique réussie. Si la transition vers une agriculture sans pesticides doit être entreprise avec sincérité et résolution, elle ne peut raisonnablement faire l’impasse sur le principe de réalité. Ce projet de loi ne propose donc qu’une solution à court terme, qui vise à contrecarrer des pratiques catastrophiques pour la biodiversité. Cette solution répond également à une urgence : toutes les régions productrices françaises sont touchées par le virus de la jaunisse de la betterave ; la perte de rendement peut atteindre 20 % à 40 % pour les parcelles les plus touchées. Cette situation incite les agriculteurs à ne pas replanter de betteraves sucrières. Nous risquons ainsi de les voir, en 2021, massivement délaissées au profit d’autres cultures, ce qui pourrait entraîner la fermeture de nombreuses sucreries et, à terme, la disparition de la filière betteravière.Il faut donc réfléchir à des alternatives plus respectueuses de l’environnement. Les chercheurs de l’INRAE, l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, travaillent depuis des années à la mise au point de pratiques durables : changement du système de culture, faux semis avant implantation, rotation de cultures beaucoup plus longues, parcelles plus petites, accroissement de la biodiversité, recours aux prédateurs des pucerons. Des alternatives sont donc en cours d’élaboration, mais encore trop peu abouties pour être utilisées efficacement par les agriculteurs. La recherche prend du temps et nécessite beaucoup de moyens. Néanmoins, grâce au plan de relance et aux investissements massifs, 5 millions d’euros viennent d’être débloqués en vue de la recherche de solutions efficientes qui nous éviteront, dans trois ans, une nouvelle impasse.Rappelons que le groupe [GROUPE] a fait adopter en commission, avec d’autres groupes, des amendements instituant un conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes. Nous sommes convaincus que l’éradication des populations de pucerons ne sera possible, à terme, qu’en recourant à l’agro-écologie et entre autres aux haies bocagères, véritables réservoirs de biodiversité, en particulier de prédateurs des pucerons. Sept ou huit ans suffisent pour enrichir le paysage d’une haie de belle taille. Nos concitoyens y sont très sensibles, car ces haies sont bien visibles et ont un effet perceptible sur la biodiversité, permettant l’installation de nouvelles populations d’insectes utiles. Monsieur le ministre, profitons donc de l’actuelle réforme de la PAC, la politique agricole commune, pour inciter les agriculteurs à se tourner vers d’autres méthodes, telles que les haies bocagères. L’agriculture s’inscrit dans le temps long : elle nécessite un accompagnement durant plusieurs années. C’est pourquoi nous considérons qu’il est indispensable de proposer une politique à long terme, par exemple un soutien et une restructuration de la filière apicole ou la création d’espaces Natura 2000 visant à favoriser l’installation de ruches et la production d’un miel français. Il importe d’accompagner ce projet de loi de politiques publiques globales, destinées d’une part à encourager la restructuration de nos paysages par des haies, d’autre part à soutenir les apiculteurs, auxquels il est de notre devoir d’adresser des signaux positifs. Dans cette attente, nous voterons en faveur du texte qui nous est soumis. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213317",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 364,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, vous avez évoqué hier la mémoire de Jean Jaurès en citant cette phrase fameuse : « Le courage, c’est d’aller à l’idéal et de comprendre le réel. » Comprendre le réel, c’est admettre une vérité qui peut tous nous déranger. Il vient d’être dit de multiples façons à la tribune qu’il nous faut trois ans de transition. Or, en 2016 a été votée une loi qui a fixé une limite. Depuis lors, nous avons eu quatre ans, et qu’avons-nous fait ? (M. Thierry Benoit applaudit.) Il y a eu quelque incurie partagée, du fait de l’État, en partie peut-être aussi du monde paysan et de la filière, ainsi que de nos organisations collectives de marché, qui ont failli. Si nous ne faisons pas cet examen de vérité, nous ne sommes pas prêts à engager la transition qui vient.La première responsabilité, monsieur le ministre, consiste à avoir mis en panne un plan Écophyto supposé résoudre à la source l’agri-bashing, les controverses et les polémiques qui sont autant de freins empêchant la France d’être le leader de l’agro-écologie qu’elle devrait être. Cette panne d’Écophyto dans les trois années qui viennent de s’écouler, c’est notre responsabilité –⁠ c’est la vôtre. Il est urgent de remettre en route ce processus, car le conseil de surveillance que vous avez évoqué concerne une molécule, une culture et 400 000 hectares : si nous devons déployer ce modèle à l’échelle de la France, il faudra soixante-dix de ces conseils ! Je préfère donc un plan Écophyto démocratique, transparent et efficient, exprimant la puissance publique et privée de notre pays et tourné vers les marchés du futur.Le groupe Socialistes et apparentés n’a pas voulu opposer la dignité de tous les travailleurs de la terre et poursuit l’ambition non seulement d’assurer la souveraineté alimentaire de notre pays, mais aussi –⁠ et je préfère cette expression – de contribuer à une sécurité alimentaire mondiale où la France doit prendre toute sa place et de protéger cette assurance-vie que représente la biodiversité.En voulant concilier ces trois impératifs, nous avons conçu un « plan B » comme un processus associant des innovations de marché : une filière fabriquant un sucre qui, dans dix ans, portera pour 50 % une mention valorisante ; une révolution économique et sociale créant, par la solidarité, une véritable force dans les marchés du futur ; une contribution de la part d’une filière qui a bénéficié de l’écroulement des prix et acheté sa matière première deux fois moins cher pendant les trois dernières années ; une contribution volontaire obligatoire qui crée les conditions d’une assurance collective ; enfin, une réforme du Fonds national agricole de mutualisation du risque sanitaire et environnemental et du Fonds national de gestion des risques en agriculture. Ces réformes permettraient, à court terme, non seulement de disposer de la ressource, mais aussi d’assurer l’indemnisation totale de 100 % des pertes causées par le puceron et la jaunisse, d’engager la transition écologique que nous souhaitons et de prendre en charge le déficit de l’industrie sucrière, dont les charges fixes sont très importantes et qui doit être compensé à cet effet.Tout cela n’est possible que mis au service d’une troisième révolution, laquelle est une innovation agro-écologique combinant sept techniques. Je n’en citerai que trois : le criblage génétique, qui est le choix des variétés ; l’écologie chimique, par l’addition des variétés et, au-delà, par le mélange des espèces ; le changement de nos mosaïques paysagères. Cette troisième technique me semble être la plus grande promesse, à moyen et long terme.En combinant ces innovations de marché et commerciales, une innovation économique et sociale et la transition agro-écologique, nous pourrons créer les conditions d’une filière durable –⁠ qui ne pourra cependant l’être qu’à la condition que nous réformions les marchés. Nous avons, pour ce faire, deux outils sous-utilisés, que je vous invite, monsieur le ministre, à mettre en œuvre. Le premier est celui des organisations de producteurs : les grandes régions françaises qui produisent de la betterave doivent s’organiser non seulement pour fixer un prix de base, comme le prévoient la loi Sapin 2 –⁠ la loi relative à la transparence, à la lutte contre la corruption et à la modernisation de la vie économique – et la loi EGALIM –⁠ la loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine et durable –, mais elles doivent aussi pouvoir réguler à nouveau le marché, avec des instruments nouveaux, sans quoi tous nos discours seront vains et nous irons de crise en crise. Nous devrons également encourager une réforme de l’organisation commune des marchés à l’échelle européenne ; j’attends de vous, monsieur le ministre, que vous la souteniez dès demain.Nous devons, mes chers collègues, nous inscrire dans le récit d’une seule santé, seul récit qui permette de réconcilier les hommes, la nature et l’économie. Une seule santé, c’est le pari que la santé de l’homme dépend de la santé des végétaux, de celle des animaux et de celle du sol, et qu’il s’agit là d’un seul combat. Ce combat, nous le disons en tant que socialistes, nous ne pouvons pas le mener sans justice. C’est pourquoi nous avons engagé autant de réformes économiques et sociales que de réformes écologiques. Une seule santé, c’est le pari que nous faisons aujourd’hui. C’est ce qui pourrait nous rassembler et c’est pourquoi nous vous invitons à voter contre ce projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe GDR.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "words": 918,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
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   "annotation_id": "Ned526f1b6328",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMSV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, vous avez évoqué hier la mémoire de Jean Jaurès en citant cette phrase fameuse : « Le courage, c’est d’aller à l’idéal et de comprendre le réel. » Comprendre le réel, c’est admettre une vérité qui peut tous nous déranger. Il vient d’être dit de multiples façons à la tribune qu’il nous faut trois ans de transition. Or, en 2016 a été votée une loi qui a fixé une limite. Depuis lors, nous avons eu quatre ans, et qu’avons-nous fait ? (M. [PERSONNE] applaudit.) Il y a eu quelque incurie partagée, du fait de l’État, en partie peut-être aussi du monde paysan et de la filière, ainsi que de nos organisations collectives de marché, qui ont failli. Si nous ne faisons pas cet examen de vérité, nous ne sommes pas prêts à engager la transition qui vient.La première responsabilité, monsieur le ministre, consiste à avoir mis en panne un plan Écophyto supposé résoudre à la source l’agri-bashing, les controverses et les polémiques qui sont autant de freins empêchant la France d’être le leader de l’agro-écologie qu’elle devrait être. Cette panne d’Écophyto dans les trois années qui viennent de s’écouler, c’est notre responsabilité –⁠ c’est la vôtre. Il est urgent de remettre en route ce processus, car le conseil de surveillance que vous avez évoqué concerne une molécule, une culture et 400 000 hectares : si nous devons déployer ce modèle à l’échelle de la France, il faudra soixante-dix de ces conseils ! Je préfère donc un plan Écophyto démocratique, transparent et efficient, exprimant la puissance publique et privée de notre pays et tourné vers les marchés du futur.Le groupe [GROUPE] n’a pas voulu opposer la dignité de tous les travailleurs de la terre et poursuit l’ambition non seulement d’assurer la souveraineté alimentaire de notre pays, mais aussi –⁠ et je préfère cette expression – de contribuer à une sécurité alimentaire mondiale où la France doit prendre toute sa place et de protéger cette assurance-vie que représente la biodiversité.En voulant concilier ces trois impératifs, nous avons conçu un « plan B » comme un processus associant des innovations de marché : une filière fabriquant un sucre qui, dans dix ans, portera pour 50 % une mention valorisante ; une révolution économique et sociale créant, par la solidarité, une véritable force dans les marchés du futur ; une contribution de la part d’une filière qui a bénéficié de l’écroulement des prix et acheté sa matière première deux fois moins cher pendant les trois dernières années ; une contribution volontaire obligatoire qui crée les conditions d’une assurance collective ; enfin, une réforme du Fonds national agricole de mutualisation du risque sanitaire et environnemental et du Fonds national de gestion des risques en agriculture. Ces réformes permettraient, à court terme, non seulement de disposer de la ressource, mais aussi d’assurer l’indemnisation totale de 100 % des pertes causées par le puceron et la jaunisse, d’engager la transition écologique que nous souhaitons et de prendre en charge le déficit de l’industrie sucrière, dont les charges fixes sont très importantes et qui doit être compensé à cet effet.Tout cela n’est possible que mis au service d’une troisième révolution, laquelle est une innovation agro-écologique combinant sept techniques. Je n’en citerai que trois : le criblage génétique, qui est le choix des variétés ; l’écologie chimique, par l’addition des variétés et, au-delà, par le mélange des espèces ; le changement de nos mosaïques paysagères. Cette troisième technique me semble être la plus grande promesse, à moyen et long terme.En combinant ces innovations de marché et commerciales, une innovation économique et sociale et la transition agro-écologique, nous pourrons créer les conditions d’une filière durable –⁠ qui ne pourra cependant l’être qu’à la condition que nous réformions les marchés. Nous avons, pour ce faire, deux outils sous-utilisés, que je vous invite, monsieur le ministre, à mettre en œuvre. Le premier est celui des organisations de producteurs : les grandes régions françaises qui produisent de la betterave doivent s’organiser non seulement pour fixer un prix de base, comme le prévoient la loi Sapin 2 –⁠ la loi relative à la transparence, à la lutte contre la corruption et à la modernisation de la vie économique – et la loi EGALIM –⁠ la loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine et durable –, mais elles doivent aussi pouvoir réguler à nouveau le marché, avec des instruments nouveaux, sans quoi tous nos discours seront vains et nous irons de crise en crise. Nous devrons également encourager une réforme de l’organisation commune des marchés à l’échelle européenne ; j’attends de vous, monsieur le ministre, que vous la souteniez dès demain.Nous devons, mes chers collègues, nous inscrire dans le récit d’une seule santé, seul récit qui permette de réconcilier les hommes, la nature et l’économie. Une seule santé, c’est le pari que la santé de l’homme dépend de la santé des végétaux, de celle des animaux et de celle du sol, et qu’il s’agit là d’un seul combat. Ce combat, nous le disons en tant que socialistes, nous ne pouvons pas le mener sans justice. C’est pourquoi nous avons engagé autant de réformes économiques et sociales que de réformes écologiques. Une seule santé, c’est le pari que nous faisons aujourd’hui. C’est ce qui pourrait nous rassembler et c’est pourquoi nous vous invitons à voter contre ce projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA267355",
   "speaker": "Antoine Herth",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Herth",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213326",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 366,
   "text": "Je veux d’abord saluer l’initiative du Gouvernement, qui a répondu aux appels de détresse de la filière française de la betterave, confrontée aux ravages de la jaunisse. Malgré les polémiques et les postures qui caractérisent trop souvent les débats sur les questions environnementales –⁠ et ce texte n’a pas fait exception –,…",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
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   "words": 52,
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   "annotation_id": "Nd823c81423fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux d’abord saluer l’initiative du Gouvernement, qui a répondu aux appels de détresse de la filière française de la betterave, confrontée aux ravages de la jaunisse. Malgré les polémiques et les postures qui caractérisent trop souvent les débats sur les questions environnementales –⁠ et ce texte n’a pas fait exception –,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267355",
   "speaker": "Antoine Herth",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Herth",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213342",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213342"
   ],
   "order": 368,
   "text": "…vous avez, monsieur le ministre, fermement maintenu le cap. De même, la précision de vos réponses a largement contribué à la qualité de nos débats, et je vous en remercie.",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213342",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nca206b3fcafe",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…vous avez, monsieur le ministre, fermement maintenu le cap. De même, la précision de vos réponses a largement contribué à la qualité de nos débats, et je vous en remercie."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267355",
   "speaker": "Antoine Herth",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Herth",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213327",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213327"
   ],
   "order": 370,
   "text": "Député du Bas-Rhin, élu d’un territoire où se trouve la sucrerie d’Erstein, je mesure l’ampleur des menaces qui pèsent sur cette filière. Nous savons malheureusement que la perte de 10 % à 15 % de la surface de betterave signifierait l’arrêt de l’usine, incapable de couvrir ses charges de structures, et entraînerait la suppression de dizaines d’emplois. Les agriculteurs ne pouvaient attendre une année de plus –⁠ ou davantage, en fonction de l’évolution de la recherche – pour trouver une solution en termes de contrôle des attaques de pucerons. La seule indemnisation des pertes financières n’est pas non plus la bonne piste, car il faut d’abord assurer la survie d’un outil industriel et sa capacité d’approvisionnement, question d’une très grande actualité à l’heure des relocalisations. N’oublions pas, en effet, que la filière sucrière a récemment encore démontré son caractère stratégique en lançant au pied levé la fabrication de gel hydroalcoolique, alors que nous manquions de tout, au plus fort de la crise du covid-19.Sur le plan législatif, ce projet de loi est un progrès sensible par rapport aux modalités strictes d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes adoptées en 2016. Il permet en effet de rouvrir la voie à une dérogation, prévue à l’article 53 du règlement européen 1107/2009 afin de parer à une situation sanitaire urgente. Sans ce recours face à une menace imprévisible, nous nous serions trouvés dans un cas typique de surinterprétation de la réglementation européenne, pratique souvent dénoncée par les acteurs économiques et qui nous a placés dans une impasse technique.Européen convaincu, j’ai toujours défendu la hiérarchie des normes entre ce qui relève du droit européen et ce qui est du ressort du législateur national. Dans le même esprit, je regrette que, trop souvent, le Parlement cherche à se substituer au pouvoir exécutif en légiférant sur des dispositions qui sont, de toute évidence, d’ordre réglementaire. Faut-il, dès lors, s’étonner que ces pratiques nous amènent régulièrement dans un corner,…",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 318,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213327",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9401ff34f1b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Député du Bas-Rhin, élu d’un territoire où se trouve la sucrerie d’Erstein, je mesure l’ampleur des menaces qui pèsent sur cette filière. Nous savons malheureusement que la perte de 10 % à 15 % de la surface de betterave signifierait l’arrêt de l’usine, incapable de couvrir ses charges de structures, et entraînerait la suppression de dizaines d’emplois. Les agriculteurs ne pouvaient attendre une année de plus –⁠ ou davantage, en fonction de l’évolution de la recherche – pour trouver une solution en termes de contrôle des attaques de pucerons. La seule indemnisation des pertes financières n’est pas non plus la bonne piste, car il faut d’abord assurer la survie d’un outil industriel et sa capacité d’approvisionnement, question d’une très grande actualité à l’heure des relocalisations. N’oublions pas, en effet, que la filière sucrière a récemment encore démontré son caractère stratégique en lançant au pied levé la fabrication de gel hydroalcoolique, alors que nous manquions de tout, au plus fort de la crise du covid-19.Sur le plan législatif, ce projet de loi est un progrès sensible par rapport aux modalités strictes d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes adoptées en 2016. Il permet en effet de rouvrir la voie à une dérogation, prévue à l’article 53 du règlement européen 1107/2009 afin de parer à une situation sanitaire urgente. Sans ce recours face à une menace imprévisible, nous nous serions trouvés dans un cas typique de surinterprétation de la réglementation européenne, pratique souvent dénoncée par les acteurs économiques et qui nous a placés dans une impasse technique.Européen convaincu, j’ai toujours défendu la hiérarchie des normes entre ce qui relève du droit européen et ce qui est du ressort du législateur national. Dans le même esprit, je regrette que, trop souvent, le Parlement cherche à se substituer au pouvoir exécutif en légiférant sur des dispositions qui sont, de toute évidence, d’ordre réglementaire. Faut-il, dès lors, s’étonner que ces pratiques nous amènent régulièrement dans un corner,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267355",
   "speaker": "Antoine Herth",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Herth",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213345",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213345"
   ],
   "order": 372,
   "text": "…surtout lorsque la nature résiste à nos injonctions et à nos coups de menton ? En revanche, il est sage de renforcer le rôle de contrôle du Parlement. C’est bien ce que prévoit ce projet de loi en instituant une commission de suivi des dérogations, et je m’en félicite.La réponse apportée dans l’urgence à une situation sanitaire critique ne doit pas nous exonérer de l’obligation de mobiliser l’ensemble des savoirs français et européens pour trouver et mettre en œuvre des techniques durables afin d’accompagner la transition de notre modèle de production et de nous passer définitivement des néonicotinoïdes. À terme, seules des solutions agro-écologiques garantiront la résilience de l’agriculture française face au changement climatique, tout en lui permettant de mieux répondre aux attentes des consommateurs.À l’instar de notre collègue Dominique Potier, je crois qu’il nous faut sans tarder imaginer la suite du plan Écophyto, mais cela suppose aussi que nous fassions enfin confiance à la capacité d’innovation et d’adaptation des agriculteurs. Je sais, monsieur le ministre, que vous en avez l’ambition et le talent. Aussi le groupe Agir ensemble votera-t-il majoritairement en faveur du projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 205,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213345",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N972d198eb9fd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "…surtout lorsque la nature résiste à nos injonctions et à nos coups de menton ? En revanche, il est sage de renforcer le rôle de contrôle du Parlement. C’est bien ce que prévoit ce projet de loi en instituant une commission de suivi des dérogations, et je m’en félicite.La réponse apportée dans l’urgence à une situation sanitaire critique ne doit pas nous exonérer de l’obligation de mobiliser l’ensemble des savoirs français et européens pour trouver et mettre en œuvre des techniques durables afin d’accompagner la transition de notre modèle de production et de nous passer définitivement des néonicotinoïdes. À terme, seules des solutions agro-écologiques garantiront la résilience de l’agriculture française face au changement climatique, tout en lui permettant de mieux répondre aux attentes des consommateurs.À l’instar de notre collègue [PERSONNE], je crois qu’il nous faut sans tarder imaginer la suite du plan Écophyto, mais cela suppose aussi que nous fassions enfin confiance à la capacité d’innovation et d’adaptation des agriculteurs. Je sais, monsieur le ministre, que vous en avez l’ambition et le talent. Aussi le groupe [GROUPE] votera-t-il majoritairement en faveur du projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213333",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213333"
   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "Ce texte est très important. Sans refaire la genèse de ce dossier, je tiens à rappeler, pour avoir participé alors à ces débats, que, voilà quatre ans, Mme Pompili nous a demandé avec insistance de mettre un terme à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en France.",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213333",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8da0f3c74900",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte est très important. Sans refaire la genèse de ce dossier, je tiens à rappeler, pour avoir participé alors à ces débats, que, voilà quatre ans, Mme Pompili nous a demandé avec insistance de mettre un terme à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en France."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213347"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "La question est très sensible, et le dossier est compliqué et grave. À l’époque, je m’étais abstenu. J’avais laissé passer cette proposition de loi, considérant que les produits phytosanitaires, et tout particulièrement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, soulevaient un problème. De fait, j’étais déjà sensibilisé au problème de la pollinisation et au travail réalisé par les apiculteurs, ainsi qu’à la fragilité de la biodiversité dans le monde et en France. Nous voici aujourd’hui confrontés à la dure réalité du terrain –⁠ et Mme Pompili avec nous.",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213347",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0daf93cba3e1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La question est très sensible, et le dossier est compliqué et grave. À l’époque, je m’étais abstenu. J’avais laissé passer cette proposition de loi, considérant que les produits phytosanitaires, et tout particulièrement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, soulevaient un problème. De fait, j’étais déjà sensibilisé au problème de la pollinisation et au travail réalisé par les apiculteurs, ainsi qu’à la fragilité de la biodiversité dans le monde et en France. Nous voici aujourd’hui confrontés à la dure réalité du terrain –⁠ et Mme Pompili avec nous."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213335",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213335"
   ],
   "order": 378,
   "text": "Comme hier, je regrette qu’elle ne soit pas présente pour entendre nos conclusions. Mais j’ai la satisfaction de vous voir, monsieur le ministre –⁠ vous, Julien Denormandie, ingénieur agronome, ministre de l’agriculture. Vous êtes ici à votre place légitime. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes UDI-I, LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213335",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0f7855085184",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comme hier, je regrette qu’elle ne soit pas présente pour entendre nos conclusions. Mais j’ai la satisfaction de vous voir, monsieur le ministre –⁠ vous, [PERSONNE], ingénieur agronome, ministre de l’agriculture. Vous êtes ici à votre place légitime. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-I, [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213336",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213336"
   ],
   "order": 380,
   "text": "J’ai exprimé hier mes observations personnelles. Comme celle de bon nombre de groupes, la position du groupe UDI et indépendants sera variée : il y aura des votes pour ce texte, des abstentions et des votes contre. À titre personnel, je voterai contre, et je vais m’en expliquer en conscience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.)Je regrette en effet que les députés soient conduits à confier au Gouvernement une délégation pour signer durant trois années successives des arrêtés permettant de déroger à l’interdiction d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. J’aurais préféré –⁠ tel était le sens d’un amendement que j’ai défendu hier – que les députés décident d’accorder une dérogation d’un an à l’interdiction : vous auriez, pendant ce délai, travaillé avec l’INRAE, l’Institut technique de la betterave et les industriels de la filière, et vous seriez revenus rendre compte devant les parlementaires, avec Mme Pompili et le ministre de la santé. Peut-être alors, dans un an, si la réalité du terrain le nécessitait, aurions-nous donné à ce dispositif une perspective supplémentaire.Il est encore un deuxième point qui m’interpelle, et à propos duquel je vous avoue que je ne suis pas encore convaincu, malgré l’instauration d’un conseil de surveillance chargé de mener un travail consciencieux. J’ai, en effet, de très grandes craintes quant à la rémanence, la persistance de traces de néonicotinoïdes dans les sols et dans les eaux superficielles et souterraines. C’est là un vrai problème.Je souhaiterais aussi que, dans ce dossier, on parle beaucoup plus du rôle moteur que devrait jouer la France au niveau européen en vue d’une harmonisation stratégique de l’arrêt de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Il est en effet problématique de nous expliquer ou d’expliquer à nos concitoyens que nous sommes obligés de poursuivre cet usage parce que nos amis belges ou polonais vont continuer à structurer leur filière industrielle du sucre sans se préoccuper de cette utilisation.Monsieur le ministre, même si l’objectivité me commande de dire que j’ai bien compris votre souhait de mettre en œuvre un plan stratégique de soutien à l’apiculture française, j’observe que les débats ont très fortement mis l’accent sur l’industrie du sucre et sur les producteurs de betterave, mais pas assez sur la nécessité d’encourager et de soutenir l’apiculture française et européenne. Faut-il rappeler que les néonicotinoïdes sont sept mille fois plus toxiques pour les abeilles que le dichlorodiphényltrichloroéthane, le fameux DDT ? Qu’en France, la mortalité des abeilles atteint 30 % chaque année ? Que la production française de miel a reculé de moitié en vingt-cinq ans ?",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 424,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213336",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndb6240f70c10",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai exprimé hier mes observations personnelles. Comme celle de bon nombre de groupes, la position du groupe [GROUPE] sera variée : il y aura des votes pour ce texte, des abstentions et des votes contre. À titre personnel, je voterai contre, et je vais m’en expliquer en conscience. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Je regrette en effet que les députés soient conduits à confier au Gouvernement une délégation pour signer durant trois années successives des arrêtés permettant de déroger à l’interdiction d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. J’aurais préféré –⁠ tel était le sens d’un amendement que j’ai défendu hier – que les députés décident d’accorder une dérogation d’un an à l’interdiction : vous auriez, pendant ce délai, travaillé avec l’INRAE, l’Institut technique de la betterave et les industriels de la filière, et vous seriez revenus rendre compte devant les parlementaires, avec Mme Pompili et le ministre de la santé. Peut-être alors, dans un an, si la réalité du terrain le nécessitait, aurions-nous donné à ce dispositif une perspective supplémentaire.Il est encore un deuxième point qui m’interpelle, et à propos duquel je vous avoue que je ne suis pas encore convaincu, malgré l’instauration d’un conseil de surveillance chargé de mener un travail consciencieux. J’ai, en effet, de très grandes craintes quant à la rémanence, la persistance de traces de néonicotinoïdes dans les sols et dans les eaux superficielles et souterraines. C’est là un vrai problème.Je souhaiterais aussi que, dans ce dossier, on parle beaucoup plus du rôle moteur que devrait jouer la France au niveau européen en vue d’une harmonisation stratégique de l’arrêt de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Il est en effet problématique de nous expliquer ou d’expliquer à nos concitoyens que nous sommes obligés de poursuivre cet usage parce que nos amis belges ou polonais vont continuer à structurer leur filière industrielle du sucre sans se préoccuper de cette utilisation.Monsieur le ministre, même si l’objectivité me commande de dire que j’ai bien compris votre souhait de mettre en œuvre un plan stratégique de soutien à l’apiculture française, j’observe que les débats ont très fortement mis l’accent sur l’industrie du sucre et sur les producteurs de betterave, mais pas assez sur la nécessité d’encourager et de soutenir l’apiculture française et européenne. Faut-il rappeler que les néonicotinoïdes sont sept mille fois plus toxiques pour les abeilles que le dichlorodiphényltrichloroéthane, le fameux DDT ? Qu’en France, la mortalité des abeilles atteint 30 % chaque année ? Que la production française de miel a reculé de moitié en vingt-cinq ans ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213389",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213389"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "Que 80 % des insectes volants ont disparu au cours de la même période ? Que 30 % de la population d’oiseaux ont disparu en quinze ans ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes UDI-I et FI, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC, EDS, LT et GDR.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213389",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N39f76a1bf4ff",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Que 80 % des insectes volants ont disparu au cours de la même période ? Que 30 % de la population d’oiseaux ont disparu en quinze ans ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-I et FI, ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE], EDS, LT et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213353",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213353"
   ],
   "order": 384,
   "text": "On en pense ce qu’on veut, mais la situation m’interpelle.Quatre ans plus tard, au vu de l’état écologique de la planète, les députés auraient dû décider eux-mêmes plutôt que de déléguer ce pouvoir au Gouvernement.Pour toutes ces raisons, je voterai à titre personnel et en conscience contre le projet de loi ; certains de mes collègues du groupe UDI-I voteront contre également, d’autres pour, d’autres encore s’abstiendront. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes UDI-I, SOC et FI.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 77,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213353",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncdae0043401f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "On en pense ce qu’on veut, mais la situation m’interpelle.Quatre ans plus tard, au vu de l’état écologique de la planète, les députés auraient dû décider eux-mêmes plutôt que de déléguer ce pouvoir au Gouvernement.Pour toutes ces raisons, je voterai à titre personnel et en conscience contre le projet de loi ; certains de mes collègues du groupe [GROUPE]-I voteront contre également, d’autres pour, d’autres encore s’abstiendront. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE]-I, [GROUPE] et FI.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213356"
   ],
   "order": 386,
   "text": "Depuis trois ans que je siège dans cet hémicycle, je vous ai étudiés attentivement et c’est avec une grande fierté que je vous présente aujourd’hui le fruit de mes observations. J’ai sobrement intitulé mon propos « Petit manuel d’antidémocratie : trucs et astuces pour museler l’opposition ». (Murmures. – M. Loïc Prud’homme applaudit.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213356",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc053d74701ae",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis trois ans que je siège dans cet hémicycle, je vous ai étudiés attentivement et c’est avec une grande fierté que je vous présente aujourd’hui le fruit de mes observations. J’ai sobrement intitulé mon propos « Petit manuel d’antidémocratie : trucs et astuces pour museler l’opposition ». (Murmures. – M. Loïc Prud’homme applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213358",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213358"
   ],
   "order": 388,
   "text": "J’ai décidé de vous rendre service : à chacun de nos désaccords, il vous suffira de relire mon intervention et de piocher dans les astuces suivantes.Première astuce : débattre des pesticides la nuit, toujours en catimini. C’est avec cette méthode que vous avez refusé l’interdiction du glyphosate –⁠ par un vote à quatre heures trente du matin, un samedi, dans un hémicycle désert ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 79,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213358",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndf7ccc026b56",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai décidé de vous rendre service : à chacun de nos désaccords, il vous suffira de relire mon intervention et de piocher dans les astuces suivantes.Première astuce : débattre des pesticides la nuit, toujours en catimini. C’est avec cette méthode que vous avez refusé l’interdiction du glyphosate –⁠ par un vote à quatre heures trente du matin, un samedi, dans un hémicycle désert ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213363",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213363"
   ],
   "order": 395,
   "text": "Deuxième astuce : faire passer directement les éléments de langage et les amendements du Gouvernement aux députés de la majorité. Vous avez raison : on n’est jamais mieux servi que par soi-même ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.) Il suffit pour le Gouvernement d’envoyer aux députés du groupe La République en marche des questions qui, de préférence, célèbrent les louanges de sa politique et des amendements qui vont dans son sens… Mais attention, collègues : pensez bien à modifier l’exposé des motifs, sans quoi vous risqueriez de paraître un peu ridicules ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Troisième astuce : demander un second vote lorsqu’on désapprouve le premier. Vous avez adopté cette technique la semaine dernière encore : l’Assemblée avait rejeté un recul de la démocratie environnementale le mercredi mais un nouveau vote a eu lieu le vendredi. Cette astuce présente l’avantage que demander un second vote suffit à faire comprendre aux députés de la majorité que le premier n’était pas le bon. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes FI et EDS.) Au fond, c’est aussi ce à quoi nous assistons aujourd’hui au sujet des néonicotinoïdes, interdits en 2016 en raison de leur dangerosité et en passe d’être à nouveau autorisés quatre ans plus tard. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)Quatrième astuce : mentir, tout simplement. Annoncer la fin du glyphosate tout en refusant l’ensemble des amendements qui visent à l’interdire ; prétendre reprendre sans filtre les propositions de la convention citoyenne pour le climat puis enterrer les propositions qui nuisent le plus au bon fonctionnement du libéralisme. (Mêmes mouvements) ; ou encore proclamer haut et fort que vous êtes contre les néonicotinoïdes et voter en leur faveur. (Mêmes mouvements.)Cinquième astuce : faire diversion dès que possible. Cette astuce est à utiliser sans modération. Inviter Greta Thunberg le jour du vote du traité de libre-échange avec le Canada, dit CETA ;…",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 315,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213363",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N51cad59b34da",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Deuxième astuce : faire passer directement les éléments de langage et les amendements du Gouvernement aux députés de la majorité. Vous avez raison : on n’est jamais mieux servi que par soi-même ! (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.) Il suffit pour le Gouvernement d’envoyer aux députés du groupe [GROUPE] des questions qui, de préférence, célèbrent les louanges de sa politique et des amendements qui vont dans son sens… Mais attention, collègues : pensez bien à modifier l’exposé des motifs, sans quoi vous risqueriez de paraître un peu ridicules ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)Troisième astuce : demander un second vote lorsqu’on désapprouve le premier. Vous avez adopté cette technique la semaine dernière encore : l’Assemblée avait rejeté un recul de la démocratie environnementale le mercredi mais un nouveau vote a eu lieu le vendredi. Cette astuce présente l’avantage que demander un second vote suffit à faire comprendre aux députés de la majorité que le premier n’était pas le bon. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes FI et EDS.) Au fond, c’est aussi ce à quoi nous assistons aujourd’hui au sujet des néonicotinoïdes, interdits en 2016 en raison de leur dangerosité et en passe d’être à nouveau autorisés quatre ans plus tard. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)Quatrième astuce : mentir, tout simplement. Annoncer la fin du glyphosate tout en refusant l’ensemble des amendements qui visent à l’interdire ; prétendre reprendre sans filtre les propositions de la convention citoyenne pour le climat puis enterrer les propositions qui nuisent le plus au bon fonctionnement du libéralisme. (Mêmes mouvements) ; ou encore proclamer haut et fort que vous êtes contre les néonicotinoïdes et voter en leur faveur. (Mêmes mouvements.)Cinquième astuce : faire diversion dès que possible. Cette astuce est à utiliser sans modération. Inviter Greta Thunberg le jour du vote du traité de libre-échange avec le Canada, dit CETA ;…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213395",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213395"
   ],
   "order": 397,
   "text": "…ou encore, pendant que le vivant s’effondre et que le dérèglement climatique s’aggrave, parler du nombril des jeunes filles, de séparatisme et –⁠ sujet gagnant à tous les coups – des musulmans. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI. – Mme Karine Lebon applaudit également.)Sixième astuce : vous faire passer pour des pragmatiques. C’est votre astuce préférée : vous l’avez copieusement utilisée pendant l’examen de ce projet de loi. Il vous suffit de dépeindre les députés de l’opposition comme des rêveurs, des irresponsables qui tiennent des « propos d’estrade », et de vous présenter comme les réalistes qui, les pieds sur terre, prennent des décisions rationnelles. Ne dites surtout pas que vous avez écouté les lobbies ! Préférez dire que vous êtes « contraints de faire ce que vous faites en vertu du principe de réalité ». Employez un sophisme classique : si l’opposition est contre la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes, c’est qu’elle est pour la fin de l’industrie sucrière en France et pour la mise à mort des producteurs de betteraves. En somme, au-delà de la réautorisation de ces pesticides, point de salut !Votre « pensée complexe » va même plus loin : en réalité, il faut être contre les néonicotinoïdes mais pour le texte qui les réautorise. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.) Il ne faut pas hésiter à affirmer que ce texte marque la fin de l’autorisation des pesticides tueurs d’abeilles, alors qu’il les réintroduit.Vous me suivez ? Tant mieux.",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 243,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213395",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N372b760841ec",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…ou encore, pendant que le vivant s’effondre et que le dérèglement climatique s’aggrave, parler du nombril des jeunes filles, de séparatisme et –⁠ sujet gagnant à tous les coups – des musulmans. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Sixième astuce : vous faire passer pour des pragmatiques. C’est votre astuce préférée : vous l’avez copieusement utilisée pendant l’examen de ce projet de loi. Il vous suffit de dépeindre les députés de l’opposition comme des rêveurs, des irresponsables qui tiennent des « propos d’estrade », et de vous présenter comme les réalistes qui, les pieds sur terre, prennent des décisions rationnelles. Ne dites surtout pas que vous avez écouté les lobbies ! Préférez dire que vous êtes « contraints de faire ce que vous faites en vertu du principe de réalité ». Employez un sophisme classique : si l’opposition est contre la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes, c’est qu’elle est pour la fin de l’industrie sucrière en France et pour la mise à mort des producteurs de betteraves. En somme, au-delà de la réautorisation de ces pesticides, point de salut !Votre « pensée complexe » va même plus loin : en réalité, il faut être contre les néonicotinoïdes mais pour le texte qui les réautorise. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.) Il ne faut pas hésiter à affirmer que ce texte marque la fin de l’autorisation des pesticides tueurs d’abeilles, alors qu’il les réintroduit.Vous me suivez ? Tant mieux."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213397",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213397"
   ],
   "order": 399,
   "text": "Hélas, je crains que ce manuel et ces astuces, aussi utiles soient-elles, n’éclipsent pas totalement la réalité de ce que vous êtes en train de faire. Vos arguments d’autorité n’y changeront rien, monsieur le ministre. Oui, nous avons bien compris que vous possédez un diplôme d’ingénieur des eaux et forêts mais, comme Mme la ministre Barbara Pompili –⁠ qui a brillé par son absence pendant nos débats – le disait en 2016, lors du vote en faveur de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, « nous ne pourrons pas dire que nous ne savions pas » ! Oui, nous savons et vous savez aussi ! Vingt ans d’études scientifiques prouvent la dangerosité, pendant des dizaines d’années, des néonicotinoïdes pour les abeilles, les sols, l’eau, la biodiversité et la santé humaine. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.) Nous savons que 80 % des insectes européens ont disparu en trente ans et que sans pollinisateurs, 85 % des cultures sont en danger –⁠ et notre souveraineté alimentaire avec ! Nous savons que ce vote menace la place de la France sur la scène internationale, alors qu’elle avait mené une politique exemplaire d’interdiction de ce poison. Nous savons que ce texte aura des effets sur les générations futures, notamment sur le développement du cerveau de l’enfant.Oui, nous savons et nous pouvons faire autrement. Il faut de toute urgence planifier la bifurcation vers une agriculture paysanne et écologique. Nous voterons contre ce texte car il se traduira par un empoisonnement volontaire. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes FI et GDR.) S’il devait être adopté, nous adresserons un signalement à la Cour de justice de la République pour mise en danger de la vie d’autrui en connaissance de cause. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)Collègues, votez en conscience et soyez à la hauteur des enjeux du siècle ! Notre refus peut changer l’histoire. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe GDR et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 330,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213397",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1d008e2618a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Hélas, je crains que ce manuel et ces astuces, aussi utiles soient-elles, n’éclipsent pas totalement la réalité de ce que vous êtes en train de faire. Vos arguments d’autorité n’y changeront rien, monsieur le ministre. Oui, nous avons bien compris que vous possédez un diplôme d’ingénieur des eaux et forêts mais, comme Mme la ministre [PERSONNE] –⁠ qui a brillé par son absence pendant nos débats – le disait en 2016, lors du vote en faveur de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, « nous ne pourrons pas dire que nous ne savions pas » ! Oui, nous savons et vous savez aussi ! Vingt ans d’études scientifiques prouvent la dangerosité, pendant des dizaines d’années, des néonicotinoïdes pour les abeilles, les sols, l’eau, la biodiversité et la santé humaine. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.) Nous savons que 80 % des insectes européens ont disparu en trente ans et que sans pollinisateurs, 85 % des cultures sont en danger –⁠ et notre souveraineté alimentaire avec ! Nous savons que ce vote menace la place de la France sur la scène internationale, alors qu’elle avait mené une politique exemplaire d’interdiction de ce poison. Nous savons que ce texte aura des effets sur les générations futures, notamment sur le développement du cerveau de l’enfant.Oui, nous savons et nous pouvons faire autrement. Il faut de toute urgence planifier la bifurcation vers une agriculture paysanne et écologique. Nous voterons contre ce texte car il se traduira par un empoisonnement volontaire. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes FI et [GROUPE].) S’il devait être adopté, nous adresserons un signalement à la Cour de justice de la République pour mise en danger de la vie d’autrui en connaissance de cause. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe FI.)Collègues, votez en conscience et soyez à la hauteur des enjeux du siècle ! Notre refus peut changer l’histoire. (Vifs applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI. – Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE] et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722110",
   "speaker": "Hubert Wulfranc",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Wulfranc",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213374"
   ],
   "order": 401,
   "text": "Votre texte ne convainc pas. En effet, si difficultés il y a dans la filière betteravière, elles sont dues, nous l’avons dit et répété, à la réforme de 2017 qui a supprimé les quotas sucriers. La libéralisation totale du marché du sucre, le choix de la surproduction organisée par les groupes sucriers et la chute des prix qui en a découlé pour les planteurs entretiennent plus encore l’obligation de rendement maximum qui les étrangle. Avec un prix de 20 euros par tonne, la betterave ne paie plus. En bout de chaîne, la restructuration des sucreries, des distilleries et des unités de transformation a d’ores et déjà commencé, bien avant la crise de la jaunisse. Tereos, Cristal Union et Saint-Louis Sucre, les trois principaux groupes sucriers installés en France, ont déjà fermé plusieurs unités de production.",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213374",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N945a6f7ab203",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre texte ne convainc pas. En effet, si difficultés il y a dans la filière betteravière, elles sont dues, nous l’avons dit et répété, à la réforme de 2017 qui a supprimé les quotas sucriers. La libéralisation totale du marché du sucre, le choix de la surproduction organisée par les groupes sucriers et la chute des prix qui en a découlé pour les planteurs entretiennent plus encore l’obligation de rendement maximum qui les étrangle. Avec un prix de 20 euros par tonne, la betterave ne paie plus. En bout de chaîne, la restructuration des sucreries, des distilleries et des unités de transformation a d’ores et déjà commencé, bien avant la crise de la jaunisse. Tereos, Cristal Union et Saint-Louis Sucre, les trois principaux groupes sucriers installés en France, ont déjà fermé plusieurs unités de production."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722110",
   "speaker": "Hubert Wulfranc",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Wulfranc",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213378",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213378"
   ],
   "order": 403,
   "text": "D’autres ont été placées en arrêt partiel d’activité et je vous répète, monsieur le ministre, que certaines unités de production ont été mises sous cloche.Cette stratégie de libéralisation à tous crins a déjà produit ses effets sur le revenu et l’emploi des planteurs et des salariés de la filière. Des licenciements sont d’ores et déjà en marche. Et voilà qu’un aléa naturel intervient : la maladie de la jaunisse, transmise par le fameux puceron vert, est endémique et en lien avec les caractéristiques climatiques pendant la période de pousse des betteraves. Voilà qui suffirait à réintroduire temporairement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, ce pesticide particulièrement dangereux, interdit en 2016 à l’échelle européenne ! Il est dangereux pour les insectes, pour les abeilles, pour la biodiversité et pour la santé humaine –⁠ même si, sur ces bancs, personne n’est capable de l’affirmer malgré l’état actuel des recherches, ce qui est scandaleux.Il s’agit d’un recul grave, contraire au droit français de l’environnement et malheureusement permis par la réglementation européenne, qui comportait dès 2016 une possibilité de dérogation qu’ont utilisée onze pays européens –⁠ c’est inqualifiable ! Nous mesurons là à quel point il y a loin de la coupe aux lèvres s’agissant de la promotion d’une agriculture plus propre, d’autant plus que dès 2016, l’agro-industrie betteravière a pesé de tout son poids contre l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Notons que parallèlement, la recherche de solutions alternatives n’a pas bénéficié d’engagements suffisants pour aboutir et parer aux maladies auxquelles la betterave est exposée.Dans ces conditions, rejoindre le contingent des pays qui dérogent à l’interdiction constituerait la première marche vers un recul majeur. Une telle décision porterait de nouveau l’empreinte de toutes les tares liées à l’utilisation d’un tel pesticide, sans aucune certitude de pouvoir en sortir puisque le plan de recherche devant aboutir dans trois ans constitue déjà un tour de force, de l’aveu même des chercheurs.Rejoignant les voix de plusieurs groupes, nous pensons quant à nous qu’il y a lieu de compenser les pertes de récolte en accordant un soutien financier aux planteurs –⁠ sous une forme que vous dites avoir examinée avant d’y renoncer quoi qu’il en coûte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et FI ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe SOC.) C’est pourtant une voie raisonnable face à un aléa dont, cette année, l’intensité est forte, mais qui ne se reproduira pas automatiquement dans les années à venir. C’est en faveur d’une telle sage décision que l’effort de recherche doit être porté à la puissance dix, sans oukase sur le résultat.Surtout, cette filière doit faire l’objet d’un plan de rééquilibrage et de régulation de la production qui soit dégagé des griffes du marché et du productivisme. Les planteurs sont prêts à prendre cette trajectoire, à l’opposé des grands industriels sucriers. Elle permettrait de mieux répartir la valeur en faveur de ceux qui travaillent la terre et qui veulent continuer de la travailler proprement pour eux-mêmes et pour leur environnement.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez donné votre accord à la représentation de l’Institut de l’abeille au conseil de surveillance créé par votre texte, mais souhaitons que cette représentation ne soit pas l’œil de Caïn au fond de la tombe de la biodiversité ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et FI ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes SOC et EDS.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 549,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213378",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfc6d4616751d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "D’autres ont été placées en arrêt partiel d’activité et je vous répète, monsieur le ministre, que certaines unités de production ont été mises sous cloche.Cette stratégie de libéralisation à tous crins a déjà produit ses effets sur le revenu et l’emploi des planteurs et des salariés de la filière. Des licenciements sont d’ores et déjà en marche. Et voilà qu’un aléa naturel intervient : la maladie de la jaunisse, transmise par le fameux puceron vert, est endémique et en lien avec les caractéristiques climatiques pendant la période de pousse des betteraves. Voilà qui suffirait à réintroduire temporairement l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, ce pesticide particulièrement dangereux, interdit en 2016 à l’échelle européenne ! Il est dangereux pour les insectes, pour les abeilles, pour la biodiversité et pour la santé humaine –⁠ même si, sur ces bancs, personne n’est capable de l’affirmer malgré l’état actuel des recherches, ce qui est scandaleux.Il s’agit d’un recul grave, contraire au droit français de l’environnement et malheureusement permis par la réglementation européenne, qui comportait dès 2016 une possibilité de dérogation qu’ont utilisée onze pays européens –⁠ c’est inqualifiable ! Nous mesurons là à quel point il y a loin de la coupe aux lèvres s’agissant de la promotion d’une agriculture plus propre, d’autant plus que dès 2016, l’agro-industrie betteravière a pesé de tout son poids contre l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Notons que parallèlement, la recherche de solutions alternatives n’a pas bénéficié d’engagements suffisants pour aboutir et parer aux maladies auxquelles la betterave est exposée.Dans ces conditions, rejoindre le contingent des pays qui dérogent à l’interdiction constituerait la première marche vers un recul majeur. Une telle décision porterait de nouveau l’empreinte de toutes les tares liées à l’utilisation d’un tel pesticide, sans aucune certitude de pouvoir en sortir puisque le plan de recherche devant aboutir dans trois ans constitue déjà un tour de force, de l’aveu même des chercheurs.Rejoignant les voix de plusieurs groupes, nous pensons quant à nous qu’il y a lieu de compenser les pertes de récolte en accordant un soutien financier aux planteurs –⁠ sous une forme que vous dites avoir examinée avant d’y renoncer quoi qu’il en coûte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) C’est pourtant une voie raisonnable face à un aléa dont, cette année, l’intensité est forte, mais qui ne se reproduira pas automatiquement dans les années à venir. C’est en faveur d’une telle sage décision que l’effort de recherche doit être porté à la puissance dix, sans oukase sur le résultat.Surtout, cette filière doit faire l’objet d’un plan de rééquilibrage et de régulation de la production qui soit dégagé des griffes du marché et du productivisme. Les planteurs sont prêts à prendre cette trajectoire, à l’opposé des grands industriels sucriers. Elle permettrait de mieux répartir la valeur en faveur de ceux qui travaillent la terre et qui veulent continuer de la travailler proprement pour eux-mêmes et pour leur environnement.Monsieur le ministre, vous avez donné votre accord à la représentation de l’Institut de l’abeille au conseil de surveillance créé par votre texte, mais souhaitons que cette représentation ne soit pas l’œil de Caïn au fond de la tombe de la biodiversité ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI ainsi que sur plusieurs bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2213386"
   ],
   "order": 405,
   "text": "Accepter ce texte, c’est accepter une régression écologique. Accepter ce texte, c’est accepter un renoncement écologique. Accepter ce texte, c’est accepter un reniement écologique.Depuis le 1er septembre 2018, la France a interdit cinq substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes utilisées dans le traitement des semences. Hier ou presque, en 2019, le Gouvernement a souhaité, par la loi EGALIM, aller plus loin en matière de protection de la santé et de l’environnement en interdisant des substances présentant le même mode d’action que ces néonicotinoïdes.Aussi pensions-nous que vous étiez non seulement conscients mais également convaincus de la nocivité de ces produits. Quelle ne fut pas notre consternation quand nous avons vu le sujet revenir sur la table au cours de l’été ! Consternation parce qu’après un pas en avant, vous faites deux pas en arrière. Consternation parce que les effets dévastateurs des néonicotinoïdes sur la biodiversité sont connus, étayés par un nombre important d’études, et reconnus par tous.Les néonicotinoïdes sont dangereux pour les pollinisateurs, pour tous les insectes et, plus largement, pour nos écosystèmes. Les recherches sur la gestion de l’eau ont par ailleurs confirmé la contamination durable des sols et des milieux aquatiques, même dans des zones non traitées.Bien sûr, nous connaissons les arguments visant à justifier leur réintroduction dans nos cultures : vous estimez que la filière sucrière est dans une impasse, vous craignez un effondrement de la production suite à la pandémie de jaunisse, vous redoutez des destructions d’emplois.Certains membres de mon groupe partagent d’ailleurs vos inquiétudes et considèrent que la réintroduction temporaire des néonicotinoïdes est la solution la moins mauvaise. Pour ma part, et à l’instar d’une majorité des membres du groupe Libertés et territoires, j’y suis fermement opposé, et nos débats d’hier n’ont fait que conforter cet avis.Tout d’abord, cette réintroduction emporte un risque important d’atteintes durables et étendues à la biodiversité. Ensuite, elle revient à ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EDS.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 328,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2213386",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8d58315fc050",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Accepter ce texte, c’est accepter une régression écologique. Accepter ce texte, c’est accepter un renoncement écologique. Accepter ce texte, c’est accepter un reniement écologique.Depuis le 1er septembre 2018, la France a interdit cinq substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes utilisées dans le traitement des semences. Hier ou presque, en 2019, le Gouvernement a souhaité, par la loi EGALIM, aller plus loin en matière de protection de la santé et de l’environnement en interdisant des substances présentant le même mode d’action que ces néonicotinoïdes.Aussi pensions-nous que vous étiez non seulement conscients mais également convaincus de la nocivité de ces produits. Quelle ne fut pas notre consternation quand nous avons vu le sujet revenir sur la table au cours de l’été ! Consternation parce qu’après un pas en avant, vous faites deux pas en arrière. Consternation parce que les effets dévastateurs des néonicotinoïdes sur la biodiversité sont connus, étayés par un nombre important d’études, et reconnus par tous.Les néonicotinoïdes sont dangereux pour les pollinisateurs, pour tous les insectes et, plus largement, pour nos écosystèmes. Les recherches sur la gestion de l’eau ont par ailleurs confirmé la contamination durable des sols et des milieux aquatiques, même dans des zones non traitées.Bien sûr, nous connaissons les arguments visant à justifier leur réintroduction dans nos cultures : vous estimez que la filière sucrière est dans une impasse, vous craignez un effondrement de la production suite à la pandémie de jaunisse, vous redoutez des destructions d’emplois.Certains membres de mon groupe partagent d’ailleurs vos inquiétudes et considèrent que la réintroduction temporaire des néonicotinoïdes est la solution la moins mauvaise. Pour ma part, et à l’instar d’une majorité des membres du groupe [GROUPE], j’y suis fermement opposé, et nos débats d’hier n’ont fait que conforter cet avis.Tout d’abord, cette réintroduction emporte un risque important d’atteintes durables et étendues à la biodiversité. Ensuite, elle revient à ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe EDS.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008",
   "date": "2020-10-06",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-06_1",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/premiere-seance-du-mardi-06-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-06_1.html",
   "source_sha256": "281c5e452c3d285fe15d8da1f624100d99fa9bc88eafeef717b9916eba66ec91",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2212788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2212788"
   ],
   "order": 407,
   "text": "Avec une légitimité égale à celle des betteraviers, d’autres cultures pourraient demander, dans un mois, six mois ou un an, à bénéficier de cette dérogation. Vous avez beau l’avoir limitée aux betteraves sucrières, nous ne sommes pas dupes : l’article pourra être supprimé au Sénat et, si ce n’est pas le cas, il sera très probablement censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel !Je tiens enfin à rappeler que la loi du 8 août 2016 –⁠ celle-là même qui avait prévu l’interdiction progressive des néonicotinoïdes, et en faveur de laquelle j’avais voté à l’époque – a également inscrit, en tête du code de l’environnement, le principe de non-régression. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes FI et GDR.) Ce faisant, elle engageait la protection de l’environnement dans une dynamique de progrès. Mais le texte dont nous discutons est-il autre chose qu’une régression ? Hélas, pire qu’une régression, il s’agit d’une lamentable marche arrière.J’en finirai en vous rappelant que le problème auquel nous faisons face n’est pas lié à des agriculteurs, mais à un modèle agricole. Ce sont la fin des quotas européens, la surabondance de la production mondiale et l’écroulement des cours mondiaux qui ont durablement affaibli la filière sucrière. Et c’est parce que nous n’avons pas suffisamment accompagné cette dernière ni investi dans la recherche de solutions alternatives que nous en sommes réduits à débattre de ce projet de loi.Une majorité du groupe Libertés et territoires, convaincue de la nécessité d’opter durablement pour des pratiques respectueuses de l’environnement, se prononcera contre la réintroduction de ce poison, et votera donc contre le projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur quelques bancs des groupes SOC et LT. – M. Cédric Villani applaudit également.)",
   "top": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "section": "3. Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 284,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N008-2212788",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N82840e3d955c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avec une légitimité égale à celle des betteraviers, d’autres cultures pourraient demander, dans un mois, six mois ou un an, à bénéficier de cette dérogation. Vous avez beau l’avoir limitée aux betteraves sucrières, nous ne sommes pas dupes : l’article pourra être supprimé au Sénat et, si ce n’est pas le cas, il sera très probablement censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel !Je tiens enfin à rappeler que la loi du 8 août 2016 –⁠ celle-là même qui avait prévu l’interdiction progressive des néonicotinoïdes, et en faveur de laquelle j’avais voté à l’époque – a également inscrit, en tête du code de l’environnement, le principe de non-régression. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes FI et [GROUPE].) Ce faisant, elle engageait la protection de l’environnement dans une dynamique de progrès. Mais le texte dont nous discutons est-il autre chose qu’une régression ? Hélas, pire qu’une régression, il s’agit d’une lamentable marche arrière.J’en finirai en vous rappelant que le problème auquel nous faisons face n’est pas lié à des agriculteurs, mais à un modèle agricole. Ce sont la fin des quotas européens, la surabondance de la production mondiale et l’écroulement des cours mondiaux qui ont durablement affaibli la filière sucrière. Et c’est parce que nous n’avons pas suffisamment accompagné cette dernière ni investi dans la recherche de solutions alternatives que nous en sommes réduits à débattre de ce projet de loi.Une majorité du groupe [GROUPE], convaincue de la nécessité d’opter durablement pour des pratiques respectueuses de l’environnement, se prononcera contre la réintroduction de ce poison, et votera donc contre le projet de loi. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI et sur quelques bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et LT. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO723569",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2269932",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2269932"
   ],
   "order": 8,
   "text": "Ce rappel au titre de l’article 58, alinéa 2 est fondé sur l’article 48, alinéa 11 du règlement, lequel permet au Gouvernement, dans des circonstances exceptionnelles, de changer l’ordre du jour des travaux de l’Assemblée nationale.Ce matin, le Gouvernement n’a pas demandé le report de l’examen du texte réhabilitant les néonicotinoïdes. La France affronte une pandémie ; la France affronte le terrorisme islamiste ; le plan Vigipirate est porté au niveau « urgence attentat ». Il est honteux que, dans des circonstances où nous avons besoin d’unité nationale, l’on continue discrètement, comme si de rien n’était, le débat sur la réhabilitation des néonicotinoïdes. (« Pas d’excès ! » sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.)L’unité nationale, c’est l’unité nationale ; ce n’est pas, par cynisme, s’attaquer dans le même temps à l’écologie et remettre en cause une loi qui constitue une avancée pour la protection de la biodiversité.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 147,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2269932",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1db915e07bfc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce rappel au titre de l’article 58, alinéa 2 est fondé sur l’article 48, alinéa 11 du règlement, lequel permet au Gouvernement, dans des circonstances exceptionnelles, de changer l’ordre du jour des travaux de l’Assemblée nationale.Ce matin, le Gouvernement n’a pas demandé le report de l’examen du texte réhabilitant les néonicotinoïdes. La France affronte une pandémie ; la France affronte le terrorisme islamiste ; le plan Vigipirate est porté au niveau « urgence attentat ». Il est honteux que, dans des circonstances où nous avons besoin d’unité nationale, l’on continue discrètement, comme si de rien n’était, le débat sur la réhabilitation des néonicotinoïdes. (« Pas d’excès ! » sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)L’unité nationale, c’est l’unité nationale ; ce n’est pas, par cynisme, s’attaquer dans le même temps à l’écologie et remettre en cause une loi qui constitue une avancée pour la protection de la biodiversité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2269936",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2269936"
   ],
   "order": 12,
   "text": "Je suis heureux que nous puissions nous réunir aujourd’hui, dans un contexte particulièrement difficile, pour achever la discussion de ce projet de loi. Nous l’avons dit et répété, le texte n’oppose en rien l’écologie et l’économie. Il est au contraire la garantie que la sortie des NNI ne laissera pas la filière de la betterave sucrière dans l’ornière. Ce texte est la preuve qu’écologie peut rimer avec pragmatisme et avancées agroécologiques.L’impasse dans laquelle se trouve la filière de la betterave sucrière, du fait des ravages de la jaunisse et d’un manque passé de logique législative, exigeait une action forte et courageuse. Le Gouvernement l’a faite. Je salue l’engagement et le courage de M. le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, qui n’a ménagé ni son temps ni son énergie.Le texte proposé initialement par le Gouvernement présentait de nombreuses garanties. Il proposait la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes – NNI –, dans des conditions strictement encadrées au niveau français et européen. Cette possibilité était également limitée dans le temps jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023, durée nécessaire pour qu’aboutissent des travaux scientifiques entamés de longue date. L’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat ont renforcé ces garanties.L’Assemblée nationale a explicitement limité, à l’article 2, le champ d’application du texte aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières ; en outre, elle a décidé en commission et amélioré en séance la création d’un conseil de surveillance aux prérogatives larges et à la composition équilibrée comprenant des parlementaires. Ce conseil aura pour mission de rendre un avis sur les arrêtés de dérogation et d’assurer le suivi effectif des travaux de recherche en matière de remplacement des néonicotinoïdes. Je salue le Sénat, dont les travaux se sont inscrits dans le même esprit constructif, et je tiens en particulier à remercier la rapporteure et présidente de la commission des affaires économiques, Mme Sophie Primas, pour la qualité de nos échanges tout au long de l’examen du texte.Le Sénat a avancé la date d’entrée en vigueur du projet de loi au plus tard au 15 décembre prochain et s’est assuré que les avis du conseil de surveillance seraient rendus dans un délai arrêté par décret. Il a également ajouté deux articles additionnels. Le premier, qui prévoyait la remise d’une étude d’impact en amont de la suppression de tout produit phytopharmaceutique, répondait à une préoccupation légitime mais posait des difficultés opérationnelles ; le Sénat est donc convenu en commission mixte paritaire qu’il était préférable de le supprimer. Le deuxième article rappelle explicitement dans le code rural une faculté prévue par le droit européen : le ministre de l’agriculture peut, dans certains cas bien précis et en l’absence de mesures européennes, suspendre les importations de denrées alimentaires ne respectant pas les normes européennes si elles posent des problèmes pour la santé ou pour l’environnement, notamment en raison de l’usage de pesticides interdits. Je salue cet article, qui semble un excellent signal envoyé à l’Union européenne.La commission mixte paritaire, dont les travaux ont été menés hier en un temps record, a permis d’adopter six modifications mineures au texte adopté par le Sénat. Outre la suppression de l’article 3, que j’ai rappelée, nous avons décidé d’alléger et d’améliorer la composition du conseil de surveillance pour éviter d’en faire un comité pléthorique, nécessairement inefficace. Dans cet esprit, nous avons estimé préférable de ne mentionner dans la loi que la présence des acteurs concernés par les problématiques des néonicotinoïdes au stade de la culture, et non celle des acteurs concernés par le produit fini. Dans la même logique, l’arrêté de dérogation sera, comme le prévoyait le texte initial, cosigné par les seuls ministères de l’agriculture et de l’environnement. La rédaction adoptée a également précisé, après de longues discussions, le mode de désignation des parlementaires qui siégeront au conseil de surveillance ; ils seront nommés par les présidents des deux assemblées, et non par les présidents des commissions.En conclusion, je souhaiterais redire ma conviction que ce texte difficile, mais nécessaire, exigeait un véritable courage politique. L’écologie du « plus vert que vert chez moi, et tant pis pour les autres » ne sera jamais le leitmotiv de cette assemblée. Je tiens donc à saluer les parlementaires de tous les bancs qui ont cherché, sans caricature et sans dogmatisme, à concilier l’impératif de santé alimentaire et celui de la protection de l’environnement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 723,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2269936",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfbb348c2a36f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis heureux que nous puissions nous réunir aujourd’hui, dans un contexte particulièrement difficile, pour achever la discussion de ce projet de loi. Nous l’avons dit et répété, le texte n’oppose en rien l’écologie et l’économie. Il est au contraire la garantie que la sortie des NNI ne laissera pas la filière de la betterave sucrière dans l’ornière. Ce texte est la preuve qu’écologie peut rimer avec pragmatisme et avancées agroécologiques.L’impasse dans laquelle se trouve la filière de la betterave sucrière, du fait des ravages de la jaunisse et d’un manque passé de logique législative, exigeait une action forte et courageuse. Le Gouvernement l’a faite. Je salue l’engagement et le courage de M. le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, qui n’a ménagé ni son temps ni son énergie.Le texte proposé initialement par le Gouvernement présentait de nombreuses garanties. Il proposait la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes – NNI –, dans des conditions strictement encadrées au niveau français et européen. Cette possibilité était également limitée dans le temps jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023, durée nécessaire pour qu’aboutissent des travaux scientifiques entamés de longue date. L’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat ont renforcé ces garanties.L’Assemblée nationale a explicitement limité, à l’article 2, le champ d’application du texte aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières ; en outre, elle a décidé en commission et amélioré en séance la création d’un conseil de surveillance aux prérogatives larges et à la composition équilibrée comprenant des parlementaires. Ce conseil aura pour mission de rendre un avis sur les arrêtés de dérogation et d’assurer le suivi effectif des travaux de recherche en matière de remplacement des néonicotinoïdes. Je salue le Sénat, dont les travaux se sont inscrits dans le même esprit constructif, et je tiens en particulier à remercier la rapporteure et présidente de la commission des affaires économiques, Mme [PERSONNE], pour la qualité de nos échanges tout au long de l’examen du texte.Le Sénat a avancé la date d’entrée en vigueur du projet de loi au plus tard au 15 décembre prochain et s’est assuré que les avis du conseil de surveillance seraient rendus dans un délai arrêté par décret. Il a également ajouté deux articles additionnels. Le premier, qui prévoyait la remise d’une étude d’impact en amont de la suppression de tout produit phytopharmaceutique, répondait à une préoccupation légitime mais posait des difficultés opérationnelles ; le Sénat est donc convenu en commission mixte paritaire qu’il était préférable de le supprimer. Le deuxième article rappelle explicitement dans le code rural une faculté prévue par le droit européen : le ministre de l’agriculture peut, dans certains cas bien précis et en l’absence de mesures européennes, suspendre les importations de denrées alimentaires ne respectant pas les normes européennes si elles posent des problèmes pour la santé ou pour l’environnement, notamment en raison de l’usage de pesticides interdits. Je salue cet article, qui semble un excellent signal envoyé à l’Union européenne.La commission mixte paritaire, dont les travaux ont été menés hier en un temps record, a permis d’adopter six modifications mineures au texte adopté par le Sénat. Outre la suppression de l’article 3, que j’ai rappelée, nous avons décidé d’alléger et d’améliorer la composition du conseil de surveillance pour éviter d’en faire un comité pléthorique, nécessairement inefficace. Dans cet esprit, nous avons estimé préférable de ne mentionner dans la loi que la présence des acteurs concernés par les problématiques des néonicotinoïdes au stade de la culture, et non celle des acteurs concernés par le produit fini. Dans la même logique, l’arrêté de dérogation sera, comme le prévoyait le texte initial, cosigné par les seuls ministères de l’agriculture et de l’environnement. La rédaction adoptée a également précisé, après de longues discussions, le mode de désignation des parlementaires qui siégeront au conseil de surveillance ; ils seront nommés par les présidents des deux assemblées, et non par les présidents des commissions.En conclusion, je souhaiterais redire ma conviction que ce texte difficile, mais nécessaire, exigeait un véritable courage politique. L’écologie du « plus vert que vert chez moi, et tant pis pour les autres » ne sera jamais le leitmotiv de cette assemblée. Je tiens donc à saluer les parlementaires de tous les bancs qui ont cherché, sans caricature et sans dogmatisme, à concilier l’impératif de santé alimentaire et celui de la protection de l’environnement. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2269944",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2269944"
   ],
   "order": 14,
   "text": "Je suis de nouveau devant vous pour défendre la pérennisation et l’accompagnement, pendant la transition, de la filière de la betterave sucrière française. Comme je l’ai dit à plusieurs reprises, mon engagement en faveur de la transition agroécologique est résolu et centré sur l’objectif d’une agriculture pleinement ancrée dans son environnement. Toutefois, nous sommes actuellement dans une impasse. Il faut apporter une réponse à la situation exceptionnelle de la filière de la betterave sucrière, laquelle emploie près de 46 000 personnes dans notre pays.Je le dis clairement, comme je n’ai cessé de le faire tout au long de ces débats : il s’agit non d’opposer économie et écologie, mais de poser une question de souveraineté. Souhaitons-nous faire la transition agroécologique, qui est absolument nécessaire, avec la filière de la betterave sucrière française, ou acceptons-nous sa disparition ? Là est le sujet. Si jamais la filière disparaissait, notre consommation de sucre ne baisserait pas et des importations viendraient se substituer à la production nationale. Oui, la filière de la betterave sucrière est en danger ; la faute en est à ce puceron dont nous ne connaissons encore que peu de chose. Les premières récoltes réalisées depuis la première lecture du texte par l’Assemblée nationale ont confirmé nos craintes en montrant que les parcelles sont parfois très lourdement touchées.Quelle que soit notre couleur politique, nous sommes tous favorables à l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes. Oui, nous sommes tous favorables à la transition agroécologique, que les agriculteurs sont d’ailleurs les premiers à souhaiter. Mais, je le dis clairement et fermement, cette transition ne consiste pas à tuer une filière française pour imposer ensuite du sucre venu de pays souvent moins-disants que le nôtre sur le plan environnemental. Ce texte n’est en rien un renoncement, c’est un texte de souveraineté pour mener la transition agroécologique avec la filière française.Plus précisément, le projet de loi vise à rétablir –⁠ au maximum jusqu’en 2023 – la possibilité de recourir, comme le font déjà beaucoup d’États membres, à l’article 53 du règlement européen concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, lequel permet de solliciter des dérogations si la situation le nécessite. Je répète que l’article 53 n’offre au pouvoir exécutif la possibilité de solliciter une dérogation qu’à condition qu’il soit impossible de recourir à « d’autres moyens raisonnables ».Le projet de loi s’inscrit dans un plan plus global dont nous avons déjà longuement discuté. Je tiens à vous remercier pour la qualité de ces débats de fond, car les nombreux arguments échangés ont permis de faire progresser plusieurs éléments. Le plan inclut la mobilisation de 7 millions d’euros supplémentaires pour un programme de recherche publique et privée visant à accélérer l’identification de solutions de remplacement efficaces et à permettre leur utilisation en conditions réelles. Ces solutions n’existent pas encore à l’échelle de la production ; elles naîtront très probablement d’un mélange de solutions agronomiques, de mesures de biosécurité et de recherche sur les semences. Le plan contient par ailleurs plusieurs engagements pris dans le cadre d’un plan de prévention dont nous avons également discuté en séance.Ce plan global, qui devra être appliqué avec force et détermination, nécessitera un fort suivi collégial incluant la représentation nationale. Telle est la mission dévolue au conseil de surveillance proposé par l’Assemblée nationale lors des travaux en commission par la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire, et la commission des affaires économiques. Le conseil de surveillance, qui inclura des parlementaires, devra veiller à la mise en œuvre du plan afin que 100 % des usages de néonicotinoïdes trouvent un remplacement le plus rapidement possible.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, par amendement, lors de l’adoption du texte à l’Assemblée nationale, vous avez inscrit le terme de betterave sucrière, non seulement dans le titre, mais aussi dans le corps du projet de loi. J’avais à l’époque émis un avis de sagesse, car je souhaitais approfondir les implications juridiques de cette mention : en effet, le choix de limiter les dérogations à la betterave sucrière pouvait soulever des difficultés au regard du principe d’égalité cher au Conseil constitutionnel. Je peux dire désormais, après avoir multiplié les travaux juridiques avec mes services et ceux du Gouvernement, que des arguments solides justifient la différence de traitement instituée au profit de la filière de la betterave sucrière.D’abord, comparativement à d’autres cultures, l’utilisation de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes pour la betterave sucrière a un effet plus limité sur les pollinisateurs.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 733,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2269944",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb7e1c2a8eded",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis de nouveau devant vous pour défendre la pérennisation et l’accompagnement, pendant la transition, de la filière de la betterave sucrière française. Comme je l’ai dit à plusieurs reprises, mon engagement en faveur de la transition agroécologique est résolu et centré sur l’objectif d’une agriculture pleinement ancrée dans son environnement. Toutefois, nous sommes actuellement dans une impasse. Il faut apporter une réponse à la situation exceptionnelle de la filière de la betterave sucrière, laquelle emploie près de 46 000 personnes dans notre pays.Je le dis clairement, comme je n’ai cessé de le faire tout au long de ces débats : il s’agit non d’opposer économie et écologie, mais de poser une question de souveraineté. Souhaitons-nous faire la transition agroécologique, qui est absolument nécessaire, avec la filière de la betterave sucrière française, ou acceptons-nous sa disparition ? Là est le sujet. Si jamais la filière disparaissait, notre consommation de sucre ne baisserait pas et des importations viendraient se substituer à la production nationale. Oui, la filière de la betterave sucrière est en danger ; la faute en est à ce puceron dont nous ne connaissons encore que peu de chose. Les premières récoltes réalisées depuis la première lecture du texte par l’Assemblée nationale ont confirmé nos craintes en montrant que les parcelles sont parfois très lourdement touchées.Quelle que soit notre couleur politique, nous sommes tous favorables à l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes. Oui, nous sommes tous favorables à la transition agroécologique, que les agriculteurs sont d’ailleurs les premiers à souhaiter. Mais, je le dis clairement et fermement, cette transition ne consiste pas à tuer une filière française pour imposer ensuite du sucre venu de pays souvent moins-disants que le nôtre sur le plan environnemental. Ce texte n’est en rien un renoncement, c’est un texte de souveraineté pour mener la transition agroécologique avec la filière française.Plus précisément, le projet de loi vise à rétablir –⁠ au maximum jusqu’en 2023 – la possibilité de recourir, comme le font déjà beaucoup d’États membres, à l’article 53 du règlement européen concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, lequel permet de solliciter des dérogations si la situation le nécessite. Je répète que l’article 53 n’offre au pouvoir exécutif la possibilité de solliciter une dérogation qu’à condition qu’il soit impossible de recourir à « d’autres moyens raisonnables ».Le projet de loi s’inscrit dans un plan plus global dont nous avons déjà longuement discuté. Je tiens à vous remercier pour la qualité de ces débats de fond, car les nombreux arguments échangés ont permis de faire progresser plusieurs éléments. Le plan inclut la mobilisation de 7 millions d’euros supplémentaires pour un programme de recherche publique et privée visant à accélérer l’identification de solutions de remplacement efficaces et à permettre leur utilisation en conditions réelles. Ces solutions n’existent pas encore à l’échelle de la production ; elles naîtront très probablement d’un mélange de solutions agronomiques, de mesures de biosécurité et de recherche sur les semences. Le plan contient par ailleurs plusieurs engagements pris dans le cadre d’un plan de prévention dont nous avons également discuté en séance.Ce plan global, qui devra être appliqué avec force et détermination, nécessitera un fort suivi collégial incluant la représentation nationale. Telle est la mission dévolue au conseil de surveillance proposé par l’Assemblée nationale lors des travaux en commission par la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire, et la commission des affaires économiques. Le conseil de surveillance, qui inclura des parlementaires, devra veiller à la mise en œuvre du plan afin que 100 % des usages de néonicotinoïdes trouvent un remplacement le plus rapidement possible.Mesdames et messieurs les députés, par amendement, lors de l’adoption du texte à l’Assemblée nationale, vous avez inscrit le terme de betterave sucrière, non seulement dans le titre, mais aussi dans le corps du projet de loi. J’avais à l’époque émis un avis de sagesse, car je souhaitais approfondir les implications juridiques de cette mention : en effet, le choix de limiter les dérogations à la betterave sucrière pouvait soulever des difficultés au regard du principe d’égalité cher au Conseil constitutionnel. Je peux dire désormais, après avoir multiplié les travaux juridiques avec mes services et ceux du Gouvernement, que des arguments solides justifient la différence de traitement instituée au profit de la filière de la betterave sucrière.D’abord, comparativement à d’autres cultures, l’utilisation de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes pour la betterave sucrière a un effet plus limité sur les pollinisateurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
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   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
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   "text": "Je dis « plus limité », je ne dis pas qu’il n’existe pas –⁠ je ne parle que relativement aux autres cultures.Ensuite et surtout, l’impact économique de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes est particulièrement grave pour la filière de la betterave sucrière. En effet, c’est l’une des singularités de cette filière que d’être dépendante en aval des sucreries, lesquelles dépendent en retour de la quantité de betteraves arrivant à leurs portes.Il suffirait que pendant une ou deux saisons, les planteurs renoncent à planter pour que le stock de betteraves sucrières s’effondre et que les sucreries soient condamnées à fermer, causant l’arrêt de l’ensemble de la filière. En effet, il n’est tout simplement pas envisageable d’importer des betteraves sucrières pour faire tourner ces usines.En cas d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, en l’absence de solution alternative raisonnable à ceux-ci dans cette filière particulière, les pertes de rendement seraient très importantes et pousseraient justement les planteurs à renoncer à cette culture, conduisant au cercle infernal que je viens de décrire.Ce projet de loi a fait l’objet de nombreux échanges, tant à l’Assemblée nationale qu’au Sénat. Je vous remercie pour la qualité de nos travaux tout au long des dernières semaines.Les sénateurs ont adopté ce projet de loi mardi, avec trois modifications qui l’ont rendu plus opérationnel. Le rapporteur les a déjà évoquées. Il s’agit de l’élargissement du conseil de surveillance à l’Institut de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation biologiques – ITAB –, de l’encadrement du délai dont dispose le conseil de surveillance pour rendre son avis, et de l’avancée de la date d’entrée en vigueur au 15 décembre.La commission mixte paritaire s’est réunie hier. Je salue vivement ses travaux, qui ont bénéficié de l’implication de nombreux parlementaires : M. Roland Lescure, Mme Sophie Primat, M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, Mme Claire O’Petit et plusieurs autres d’entre vous. Cette implication a permis de conclure rapidement, en un temps record même, les travaux sur ce texte, et de concilier les positions des deux assemblées, pour proposer des évolutions qui clarifient encore ses modalités d’application.Je souscris ainsi aux précisions concernant la composition du conseil de surveillance –⁠ en la rendant plus explicite, elles permettront de sécuriser les nominations.Je prends également acte de l’ajout d’un article rappelant que les ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de la consommation ont la faculté de « prendre des mesures conservatoires afin de suspendre ou de fixer des conditions particulières à l’introduction, l’importation et la mise sur le marché en France de denrées alimentaires ou produits agricoles », dans le respect du règlement européen.C’est évidemment un texte difficile, important, sur lequel nous avons beaucoup travaillé. Encore une fois, il ne vise nullement à opposer économie et écologie.C’est un texte de souveraineté. Nous choisissons la transition agroécologique, dès lors que celle-ci intègre la filière française. Ainsi, aujourd’hui et demain, nos concitoyens pourront vivre dans un pays où l’on produit du sucre français et où l’on cultive des betteraves sucrières. Nous continuerons à avancer sur cette question ô combien importante pour nos concitoyens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
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   "analysis_text": "Je dis « plus limité », je ne dis pas qu’il n’existe pas –⁠ je ne parle que relativement aux autres cultures.Ensuite et surtout, l’impact économique de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes est particulièrement grave pour la filière de la betterave sucrière. En effet, c’est l’une des singularités de cette filière que d’être dépendante en aval des sucreries, lesquelles dépendent en retour de la quantité de betteraves arrivant à leurs portes.Il suffirait que pendant une ou deux saisons, les planteurs renoncent à planter pour que le stock de betteraves sucrières s’effondre et que les sucreries soient condamnées à fermer, causant l’arrêt de l’ensemble de la filière. En effet, il n’est tout simplement pas envisageable d’importer des betteraves sucrières pour faire tourner ces usines.En cas d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, en l’absence de solution alternative raisonnable à ceux-ci dans cette filière particulière, les pertes de rendement seraient très importantes et pousseraient justement les planteurs à renoncer à cette culture, conduisant au cercle infernal que je viens de décrire.Ce projet de loi a fait l’objet de nombreux échanges, tant à l’Assemblée nationale qu’au Sénat. Je vous remercie pour la qualité de nos travaux tout au long des dernières semaines.Les sénateurs ont adopté ce projet de loi mardi, avec trois modifications qui l’ont rendu plus opérationnel. Le rapporteur les a déjà évoquées. Il s’agit de l’élargissement du conseil de surveillance à l’Institut de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation biologiques – ITAB –, de l’encadrement du délai dont dispose le conseil de surveillance pour rendre son avis, et de l’avancée de la date d’entrée en vigueur au 15 décembre.La commission mixte paritaire s’est réunie hier. Je salue vivement ses travaux, qui ont bénéficié de l’implication de nombreux parlementaires : M. [PERSONNE], Mme Sophie Primat, M. [PERSONNE], Mme Claire O’Petit et plusieurs autres d’entre vous. Cette implication a permis de conclure rapidement, en un temps record même, les travaux sur ce texte, et de concilier les positions des deux assemblées, pour proposer des évolutions qui clarifient encore ses modalités d’application.Je souscris ainsi aux précisions concernant la composition du conseil de surveillance –⁠ en la rendant plus explicite, elles permettront de sécuriser les nominations.Je prends également acte de l’ajout d’un article rappelant que les ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de la consommation ont la faculté de « prendre des mesures conservatoires afin de suspendre ou de fixer des conditions particulières à l’introduction, l’importation et la mise sur le marché en France de denrées alimentaires ou produits agricoles », dans le respect du règlement européen.C’est évidemment un texte difficile, important, sur lequel nous avons beaucoup travaillé. Encore une fois, il ne vise nullement à opposer économie et écologie.C’est un texte de souveraineté. Nous choisissons la transition agroécologique, dès lors que celle-ci intègre la filière française. Ainsi, aujourd’hui et demain, nos concitoyens pourront vivre dans un pays où l’on produit du sucre français et où l’on cultive des betteraves sucrières. Nous continuerons à avancer sur cette question ô combien importante pour nos concitoyens. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.)"
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   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
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   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
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   "text": "Que l’on perde ou non une bataille politique, il faut, chaque fois que c’est possible, continuer à se battre pour les changements culturels. C’est ce que le groupe Socialistes et apparentés a fait dans la civilité, le respect, sans excès, partant du principe que nos interlocuteurs étaient sincères. Nous avons été, à gauche, force de proposition, en entrant dans le fond du sujet, sans préjugés, en étudiant les données du problème d’un point de vue scientifique et économique.Même si cette motion de rejet préalable n’était malheureusement pas adoptée, j’aurai l’occasion de présenter notre plan B –⁠ B comme betterave –, lequel prévoit une solution alternative prenant en considération à la fois les enjeux sociaux, économiques, commerciaux, scientifiques et techniques –⁠ parce qu’il y en a une, contrairement à ce qu’indique la fameuse formule attribuée à Margaret Thatcher.Trouver une solution alternative suppose de faire un effort, et surtout de refuser la bonne conscience dont certains, au sein de la majorité et du Gouvernement, semblent se parer.Sans accuser personne, je voudrais rétablir quelques vérités.La première concerne le rapport entre le Parlement et l’exécutif. Monsieur le ministre, je reviens sur un point que je vous avais signalé ; vous aviez annoncé que vous en tiendriez compte, que vous en feriez une affaire personnelle, en tant que ministre de l’agriculture et des agriculteurs.Nous avons débattu ici même, lors d’une niche parlementaire socialiste, d’une proposition de loi adoptée par le Sénat, portant création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes des produits phytosanitaires. L’examen de cette proposition, qui instaurait le fonds d’indemnisation des phyto-victimes, une véritable innovation, au même titre que le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de l’amiante en son temps, n’avait pu s’achever, faute de temps. Toutefois, à l’époque, Agnès Buzyn avait accepté d’engager un processus, en reprenant presque exactement nos propositions dans un article du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2020 portant création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides. En décembre 2019, le texte était adopté.Or, la semaine dernière, alors que je comptais proposer qu’on augmente les crédits de ce fonds dans le cadre de l’examen du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2021, j’ai appris avec stupeur que le décret portant création du fonds n’était toujours pas publié.J’espère, monsieur le ministre, que vous trouverez le temps de publier ce décret, avec votre collègue le ministre des solidarités et de la santé, certes très occupé. Ce serait la marque de votre respect non seulement pour le Parlement, unanimement favorable à cette mesure, mais aussi et surtout pour les victimes –⁠ dont vous connaissez le nombre et la situation – qui attendent réparation des préjudices causés par le mésusage des pesticides.Nous avons le sentiment que vous avez fait preuve du même mépris du Parlement lors de l’examen du projet de loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous, dit EGALIM. C’est le sens du recours que j’ai déposé devant le Conseil d’État, avec le soutien du groupe Socialistes et apparentés, sur l’ordonnance no 2019-361, qui concerne les certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques –⁠ CEPP.Le dispositif avait été adopté aux termes d’une proposition de loi de février 2017, dont j’étais rapporteur, élaborée en concertation avec le ministre de l’agriculture de l’époque, Stéphane Le Foll : la proposition de loi relative à la lutte contre l’accaparement des terres agricoles et au développement du biocontrôle. Mais notre vote a été bafoué : plusieurs fois, lors de l’examen du projet de loi EGALIM, les membres du Gouvernement nous ont assuré qu’ils maintiendraient ces certificats, alors qu’ils y renonçaient de fait. Ladite ordonnance n’est pas encore purgée de mon recours, qui vise à dénoncer un excès de pouvoir du Gouvernement.Sur ces enjeux, comme sur tant d’autres, quand le Parlement n’est pas respecté, quand les avancées obtenues grâce au travail patient des oppositions et de la majorité ne sont pas appliquées, ou sont bafouées par des lois postérieures et des règlements, c’est une atteinte à ce qui nous rassemble et qui est plus précieux que jamais : la démocratie, la République.Je n’évoque pas ces sujets en tant que paysan converti à l’agriculture bio avant qu’elle ne soit à la mode, il y a près d’un quart de siècle, mais dans la continuité de mon travail parlementaire.Il m’a conduit, en 2014, à soutenir des amendements sur le biocontrôle, poursuivant la dynamique lancée par mon collègue Antoine Herth sous la législature précédente. La même année, et j’en suis très fier, j’ai permis la création d’un dispositif de phytopharmacovigilance, piloté par l’ANSES –⁠ Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail –, qui permet, une fois les produits autorisés, de contrôler leur toxicité et d’étudier leur retrait en cas de dégâts épidémiologique ou environnemental non prévus dans les études préalables. En 2014, j’ai également remis au Premier ministre le rapport « Pesticides et agroécologie : les champs du possible ».En février 2017, j’ai déposé la proposition de loi relative à la lutte contre l’accaparement des terres agricoles et au développement du biocontrôle, qui instaurait les CEPP et engageait une réforme foncière. La même année, à la demande de Nicolas Hulot et Stéphane Travert, alors ministres, j’ai participé à l’animation des états généraux de l’alimentation.Toutes ces actions politiques dessinent une continuité ; elles convergent et montent en puissance. Au-delà des systèmes partisans, elles construisent une solution de prévention, pour sortir de la dépendance excessive –⁠ que vous avez vous-même dénoncée ce matin, monsieur le ministre – à la phytopharmacie dans les techniques de production agricole.Il me semble qu’une rupture a eu lieu à partir des mois de novembre ou de décembre 2017 : la politique de prévention a été abandonnée. Même dans la majorité, les députés les plus informés admettent que le plan Écophyto –⁠ autrement dit l’instrument dont s’est dotée la France, conformément aux directives européennes, pour maîtriser l’usage des produits phytopharmaceutiques – est en panne.Ayons l’honnêteté de regarder la chronologie. En 2016, lorsque nous avons adopté la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, qui interdit l’usage des néonicotinoïdes sur les 28 millions d’hectares de surface agricole utile en France –⁠ usage que vous voulez aujourd’hui rétablir sur les 400 000 hectares de betteraves sucrières –, nous avions quatre ans pour agir.Je suis à l’aise pour en parler, parce que je n’avais pas voté le calendrier proposé par Barbara Pompili, alors secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité, qui prévoyait selon moi une interdiction trop rapide. J’avais voté pour une solution alternative, défendue par le ministre de l’agriculture de l’époque, Stéphane Le Foll, qui ménageait une transition plus douce vers le même objectif, celui d’une interdiction totale en 2020.Pendant ces quatre années, qu’avez-vous fait ? Quels crédits ont été consacrés à la préparation de cette interdiction ? Bien sûr, le ministre en a dressé la liste, mais ils ne sont pas à la hauteur de l’enjeu, nous le savons bien.Ni la profession ni l’État n’ont été au rendez-vous. Je n’aurai pas la cruauté de vous demander de produire le bilan des réunions techniques organisées à l’initiative du ministère avec l’Institut national de la recherche agronomique –⁠ INRA – et les autres instituts concernés, pour traiter de la betterave sucrière, question déjà identifiée en 2016.Où sont les justificatifs, les procès-verbaux des réunions organisées par les ministres successifs pour aborder ce point nodal, très sensible ? Il n’y en a aucun, ou quasiment, et je le regrette profondément.Ni sur la betterave sucrière, ni sur aucune autre question, vous n’avez appliqué la politique de prévention. Vous n’avez pas utilisé un de ses principaux instruments, les fermes DEPHY –⁠ démonstration, expérimentation et production de références sur les systèmes économes en phytosanitaires – dont je discutais aujourd’hui avec le président de l’APCA –⁠ l’assemblée permanente des chambres d’agriculture. Il n’a, dit-il, pas les moindres moyens pour déployer cette politique ; il faudrait des crédits supplémentaires que nous demandons année après année.Vous n’avez pas utilisé non plus le levier formidable de progrès B to B –⁠ business to business – des certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui associent les filières et les territoires.Ces dispositifs ont été oubliés et nous avons raté des occasions historiques. J’en donnerai pour seule preuve la culture du colza.Savez-vous que nous pouvons atteindre un huitième de l’objectif de réduire de 50 % les NODU –⁠ nombre de doses unités –, visé par le plan Écophyto II, simplement en mélangeant les variétés –⁠ ce qui permet de lutter contre des prédateurs comme les méligèthes et la grosse altise – et en utilisant des plantes compagnes, qui apportent en outre quarante unités d’azote, se substituant à autant d’engrais minéraux ? Grâce à de telles mesures, on divise par 1,5 l’indice de fréquence de traitement –⁠ IFT. Ainsi, pour le colza, de simples pratiques agronomiques permettent d’atteindre un huitième de nos objectifs !De même, une politique de prévention, d’innovation –⁠ pas seulement en matière de molécules, mais aussi d’écologie chimique – aurait été possible pour la betterave sucrière, si nous avions travaillé à partir de 2016.Vous demandez aujourd’hui un délai de trois ans, parce qu’en quatre ans, vous n’avez pas pris vos responsabilités et n’avez pas établi de plan de prévention. Cela nous aurait pourtant évité non seulement l’impasse dans laquelle nous nous trouvons aujourd’hui –⁠ puisque la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes constitue un danger pour la biodiversité, à cause notamment des phénomènes de rémanence –, mais aussi un discrédit pour la parole publique.Prenons nos responsabilités ; c’est le sens de cette motion de rejet préalable. Nous pouvions faire autrement, et l’État, la profession et la filière sont responsables de la situation.Nous proposons comme solution alternative un plan de partage de la valeur et des innovations ; ces mesures seraient déployées en trois ans et leur coût peut être compensé.Surtout, avec cette motion de rejet préalable je souhaite vous alerter et, avec vous, tous nos concitoyens sur le coût de l’incurie publique : l’absence de prévention se paie dix fois plus cher à l’arrivée, parce qu’il y va de la santé des hommes et de celle de la terre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SOC. – M. Jean-Paul Dufrègne applaudit également.)",
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   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Que l’on perde ou non une bataille politique, il faut, chaque fois que c’est possible, continuer à se battre pour les changements culturels. C’est ce que le groupe [GROUPE] a fait dans la civilité, le respect, sans excès, partant du principe que nos interlocuteurs étaient sincères. Nous avons été, à gauche, force de proposition, en entrant dans le fond du sujet, sans préjugés, en étudiant les données du problème d’un point de vue scientifique et économique.Même si cette motion de rejet préalable n’était malheureusement pas adoptée, j’aurai l’occasion de présenter notre plan B –⁠ B comme betterave –, lequel prévoit une solution alternative prenant en considération à la fois les enjeux sociaux, économiques, commerciaux, scientifiques et techniques –⁠ parce qu’il y en a une, contrairement à ce qu’indique la fameuse formule attribuée à Margaret Thatcher.Trouver une solution alternative suppose de faire un effort, et surtout de refuser la bonne conscience dont certains, au sein de la majorité et du Gouvernement, semblent se parer.Sans accuser personne, je voudrais rétablir quelques vérités.La première concerne le rapport entre le Parlement et l’exécutif. Monsieur le ministre, je reviens sur un point que je vous avais signalé ; vous aviez annoncé que vous en tiendriez compte, que vous en feriez une affaire personnelle, en tant que ministre de l’agriculture et des agriculteurs.Nous avons débattu ici même, lors d’une niche parlementaire [GROUPE], d’une proposition de loi adoptée par le Sénat, portant création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes des produits phytosanitaires. L’examen de cette proposition, qui instaurait le fonds d’indemnisation des phyto-victimes, une véritable innovation, au même titre que le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de l’amiante en son temps, n’avait pu s’achever, faute de temps. Toutefois, à l’époque, [PERSONNE] avait accepté d’engager un processus, en reprenant presque exactement nos propositions dans un article du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2020 portant création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides. En décembre 2019, le texte était adopté.Or, la semaine dernière, alors que je comptais proposer qu’on augmente les crédits de ce fonds dans le cadre de l’examen du projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2021, j’ai appris avec stupeur que le décret portant création du fonds n’était toujours pas publié.J’espère, monsieur le ministre, que vous trouverez le temps de publier ce décret, avec votre collègue le ministre des solidarités et de la santé, certes très occupé. Ce serait la marque de votre respect non seulement pour le Parlement, unanimement favorable à cette mesure, mais aussi et surtout pour les victimes –⁠ dont vous connaissez le nombre et la situation – qui attendent réparation des préjudices causés par le mésusage des pesticides.Nous avons le sentiment que vous avez fait preuve du même mépris du Parlement lors de l’examen du projet de loi pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire et une alimentation saine, durable et accessible à tous, dit EGALIM. C’est le sens du recours que j’ai déposé devant le Conseil d’État, avec le soutien du groupe [GROUPE], sur l’ordonnance no 2019-361, qui concerne les certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques –⁠ CEPP.Le dispositif avait été adopté aux termes d’une proposition de loi de février 2017, dont j’étais rapporteur, élaborée en concertation avec le ministre de l’agriculture de l’époque, [PERSONNE] : la proposition de loi relative à la lutte contre l’accaparement des terres agricoles et au développement du biocontrôle. Mais notre vote a été bafoué : plusieurs fois, lors de l’examen du projet de loi EGALIM, les membres du Gouvernement nous ont assuré qu’ils maintiendraient ces certificats, alors qu’ils y renonçaient de fait. Ladite ordonnance n’est pas encore purgée de mon recours, qui vise à dénoncer un excès de pouvoir du Gouvernement.Sur ces enjeux, comme sur tant d’autres, quand le Parlement n’est pas respecté, quand les avancées obtenues grâce au travail patient des oppositions et de la majorité ne sont pas appliquées, ou sont bafouées par des lois postérieures et des règlements, c’est une atteinte à ce qui nous rassemble et qui est plus précieux que jamais : la démocratie, la République.Je n’évoque pas ces sujets en tant que paysan converti à l’agriculture bio avant qu’elle ne soit à la mode, il y a près d’un quart de siècle, mais dans la continuité de mon travail parlementaire.Il m’a conduit, en 2014, à soutenir des amendements sur le biocontrôle, poursuivant la dynamique lancée par mon collègue [PERSONNE] sous la législature précédente. La même année, et j’en suis très fier, j’ai permis la création d’un dispositif de phytopharmacovigilance, piloté par l’ANSES –⁠ Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail –, qui permet, une fois les produits autorisés, de contrôler leur toxicité et d’étudier leur retrait en cas de dégâts épidémiologique ou environnemental non prévus dans les études préalables. En 2014, j’ai également remis au Premier ministre le rapport « Pesticides et agroécologie : les champs du possible ».En février 2017, j’ai déposé la proposition de loi relative à la lutte contre l’accaparement des terres agricoles et au développement du biocontrôle, qui instaurait les CEPP et engageait une réforme foncière. La même année, à la demande de [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], alors ministres, j’ai participé à l’animation des états généraux de l’alimentation.Toutes ces actions politiques dessinent une continuité ; elles convergent et montent en puissance. Au-delà des systèmes partisans, elles construisent une solution de prévention, pour sortir de la dépendance excessive –⁠ que vous avez vous-même dénoncée ce matin, monsieur le ministre – à la phytopharmacie dans les techniques de production agricole.Il me semble qu’une rupture a eu lieu à partir des mois de novembre ou de décembre 2017 : la politique de prévention a été abandonnée. Même dans la majorité, les députés les plus informés admettent que le plan Écophyto –⁠ autrement dit l’instrument dont s’est dotée la France, conformément aux directives européennes, pour maîtriser l’usage des produits phytopharmaceutiques – est en panne.Ayons l’honnêteté de regarder la chronologie. En 2016, lorsque nous avons adopté la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, qui interdit l’usage des néonicotinoïdes sur les 28 millions d’hectares de surface agricole utile en France –⁠ usage que vous voulez aujourd’hui rétablir sur les 400 000 hectares de betteraves sucrières –, nous avions quatre ans pour agir.Je suis à l’aise pour en parler, parce que je n’avais pas voté le calendrier proposé par [PERSONNE], alors secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité, qui prévoyait selon moi une interdiction trop rapide. J’avais voté pour une solution alternative, défendue par le ministre de l’agriculture de l’époque, [PERSONNE], qui ménageait une transition plus douce vers le même objectif, celui d’une interdiction totale en 2020.Pendant ces quatre années, qu’avez-vous fait ? Quels crédits ont été consacrés à la préparation de cette interdiction ? Bien sûr, le ministre en a dressé la liste, mais ils ne sont pas à la hauteur de l’enjeu, nous le savons bien.Ni la profession ni l’État n’ont été au rendez-vous. Je n’aurai pas la cruauté de vous demander de produire le bilan des réunions techniques organisées à l’initiative du ministère avec l’Institut national de la recherche agronomique –⁠ INRA – et les autres instituts concernés, pour traiter de la betterave sucrière, question déjà identifiée en 2016.Où sont les justificatifs, les procès-verbaux des réunions organisées par les ministres successifs pour aborder ce point nodal, très sensible ? Il n’y en a aucun, ou quasiment, et je le regrette profondément.Ni sur la betterave sucrière, ni sur aucune autre question, vous n’avez appliqué la politique de prévention. Vous n’avez pas utilisé un de ses principaux instruments, les fermes DEPHY –⁠ démonstration, expérimentation et production de références sur les systèmes économes en phytosanitaires – dont je discutais aujourd’hui avec le président de l’APCA –⁠ l’assemblée permanente des chambres d’agriculture. Il n’a, dit-il, pas les moindres moyens pour déployer cette politique ; il faudrait des crédits supplémentaires que nous demandons année après année.Vous n’avez pas utilisé non plus le levier formidable de progrès B to B –⁠ business to business – des certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui associent les filières et les territoires.Ces dispositifs ont été oubliés et nous avons raté des occasions historiques. J’en donnerai pour seule preuve la culture du colza.Savez-vous que nous pouvons atteindre un huitième de l’objectif de réduire de 50 % les NODU –⁠ nombre de doses unités –, visé par le plan Écophyto II, simplement en mélangeant les variétés –⁠ ce qui permet de lutter contre des prédateurs comme les méligèthes et la grosse altise – et en utilisant des plantes compagnes, qui apportent en outre quarante unités d’azote, se substituant à autant d’engrais minéraux ? Grâce à de telles mesures, on divise par 1,5 l’indice de fréquence de traitement –⁠ IFT. Ainsi, pour le colza, de simples pratiques agronomiques permettent d’atteindre un huitième de nos objectifs !De même, une politique de prévention, d’innovation –⁠ pas seulement en matière de molécules, mais aussi d’écologie chimique – aurait été possible pour la betterave sucrière, si nous avions travaillé à partir de 2016.Vous demandez aujourd’hui un délai de trois ans, parce qu’en quatre ans, vous n’avez pas pris vos responsabilités et n’avez pas établi de plan de prévention. Cela nous aurait pourtant évité non seulement l’impasse dans laquelle nous nous trouvons aujourd’hui –⁠ puisque la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes constitue un danger pour la biodiversité, à cause notamment des phénomènes de rémanence –, mais aussi un discrédit pour la parole publique.Prenons nos responsabilités ; c’est le sens de cette motion de rejet préalable. Nous pouvions faire autrement, et l’État, la profession et la filière sont responsables de la situation.Nous proposons comme solution alternative un plan de partage de la valeur et des innovations ; ces mesures seraient déployées en trois ans et leur coût peut être compensé.Surtout, avec cette motion de rejet préalable je souhaite vous alerter et, avec vous, tous nos concitoyens sur le coût de l’incurie publique : l’absence de prévention se paie dix fois plus cher à l’arrivée, parce qu’il y va de la santé des hommes et de celle de la terre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
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   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2271062",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   "order": 21,
   "text": "Puisque nous avons déjà beaucoup discuté de ces questions, je serai bref.J’ai pris l’engagement de publier le décret portant création du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides très rapidement. Ce sera le cas.Je ne laisserai personne sous-entendre que l’État, ou l’administration de mon ministère ne respecte pas la volonté du législateur. Nous sommes parfois trop lents –⁠ j’accepte cette critique, mais tout le ministère est évidemment républicain et s’aligne sur les lois adoptées par le Parlement.Je défends ce principe républicain, comme tous les membres de la fonction publique, dont j’ai fait partie. Ensuite, je ne peux pas laisser dire que rien n’a été fait. Vous le disiez vous-même en 2016, la recherche agronomique prend du temps. Toute la question est désormais de savoir comment aller plus vite. C’est ce que va nous permettre ce plan d’action de 7 millions d’euros, somme plus conséquente que tout ce qui avait été mis sur la table jusqu’à présent, ce qui ne veut pas dire, j’y insiste, que certains se seraient assis sur les décisions et n’auraient pas cherché à trouver des solutions.Nous évoquerons les fermes DEPHY dans le cadre de la discussion budgétaire. Elles sont dotées de 13 millions d’euros et le véritable enjeu réside selon moi dans la généralisation de ce qui a pu être expérimenté à leur niveau.Pour reprendre les propos de Frédéric Descrozaille, on aurait sans doute pu faire mieux et trouver une solution, mais est-ce parce que nous n’avons pas de solution que l’on ne doit pas tendre la main à une filière à terre ? Mieux vaut au contraire assumer nos responsabilités face à cet état de fait, en améliorant ce qui peut l’être et en maintenant la pression là où il le faut, sans toutefois renoncer au principe de transition agroécologique de la filière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.– M. le rapporteur applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
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   "words": 309,
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2271062",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
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   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Puisque nous avons déjà beaucoup discuté de ces questions, je serai bref.J’ai pris l’engagement de publier le décret portant création du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides très rapidement. Ce sera le cas.Je ne laisserai personne sous-entendre que l’État, ou l’administration de mon ministère ne respecte pas la volonté du législateur. Nous sommes parfois trop lents –⁠ j’accepte cette critique, mais tout le ministère est évidemment républicain et s’aligne sur les lois adoptées par le Parlement.Je défends ce principe républicain, comme tous les membres de la fonction publique, dont j’ai fait partie. Ensuite, je ne peux pas laisser dire que rien n’a été fait. Vous le disiez vous-même en 2016, la recherche agronomique prend du temps. Toute la question est désormais de savoir comment aller plus vite. C’est ce que va nous permettre ce plan d’action de 7 millions d’euros, somme plus conséquente que tout ce qui avait été mis sur la table jusqu’à présent, ce qui ne veut pas dire, j’y insiste, que certains se seraient assis sur les décisions et n’auraient pas cherché à trouver des solutions.Nous évoquerons les fermes DEPHY dans le cadre de la discussion budgétaire. Elles sont dotées de 13 millions d’euros et le véritable enjeu réside selon moi dans la généralisation de ce qui a pu être expérimenté à leur niveau.Pour reprendre les propos de [PERSONNE], on aurait sans doute pu faire mieux et trouver une solution, mais est-ce parce que nous n’avons pas de solution que l’on ne doit pas tendre la main à une filière à terre ? Mieux vaut au contraire assumer nos responsabilités face à cet état de fait, en améliorant ce qui peut l’être et en maintenant la pression là où il le faut, sans toutefois renoncer au principe de transition agroécologique de la filière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].– M. le rapporteur applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607395",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Travert",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Travert",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270412",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270412"
   ],
   "order": 23,
   "text": "On pourrait polémiquer à l’envi, multiplier, comme le font certains, les phrases sentencieuses et définitives, mais ce n’est pas le moment, ce n’est pas dans l’air du temps. Fidèle au style qui me caractérise, je préfère essayer de trouver les compromis durables qui permettront d’avancer pour tirer la filière de l’ornière dans laquelle elle se trouve.Les députés de La République en marche ne voteront pas la motion de rejet préalable car, malgré les interrogations qui ont pu naître au sein du groupe, nous considérons que des solutions ont été trouvées et que des engagements clairs ont été pris, et pas uniquement depuis quelques semaines – je me refuse également à entendre que rien n’aurait été fait depuis quatre ans, sachant qu’au moment des débats sur la loi de 2016, les mises en garde n’avaient pas manqué : la suppression des néonicotinoïdes pouvait conduire certaines filières dans des impasses, ce qui s’est avéré pour les betteraves sucrières.Le Gouvernement a donc proposé des mesures que nous avons adoptées en première lecture et qui ont été validées par la CMP. Je me réjouis de l’accord ainsi trouvé avec les sénateurs qui fournit à la seule filière de la betterave sucrière une solution très encadrée, qui va lui permettre d’engager les travaux de transition nécessaires pour l’avenir.C’est la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons que cette CMP aille à son terme, ce qu’attend toute la filière pour se mettre rapidement au travail avec les instituts techniques. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
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   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270412",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nab362b7caf09",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "On pourrait polémiquer à l’envi, multiplier, comme le font certains, les phrases sentencieuses et définitives, mais ce n’est pas le moment, ce n’est pas dans l’air du temps. Fidèle au style qui me caractérise, je préfère essayer de trouver les compromis durables qui permettront d’avancer pour tirer la filière de l’ornière dans laquelle elle se trouve.Les députés de [GROUPE] ne voteront pas la motion de rejet préalable car, malgré les interrogations qui ont pu naître au sein du groupe, nous considérons que des solutions ont été trouvées et que des engagements clairs ont été pris, et pas uniquement depuis quelques semaines – je me refuse également à entendre que rien n’aurait été fait depuis quatre ans, sachant qu’au moment des débats sur la loi de 2016, les mises en garde n’avaient pas manqué : la suppression des néonicotinoïdes pouvait conduire certaines filières dans des impasses, ce qui s’est avéré pour les betteraves sucrières.Le Gouvernement a donc proposé des mesures que nous avons adoptées en première lecture et qui ont été validées par la CMP. Je me réjouis de l’accord ainsi trouvé avec les sénateurs qui fournit à la seule filière de la betterave sucrière une solution très encadrée, qui va lui permettre d’engager les travaux de transition nécessaires pour l’avenir.C’est la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons que cette CMP aille à son terme, ce qu’attend toute la filière pour se mettre rapidement au travail avec les instituts techniques. (Applaudissements sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270416",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270416"
   ],
   "order": 25,
   "text": "Certains des textes que nous examinons dans cette Assemblée ont vocation à inscrire dans la loi un certain nombre de grands principes, ainsi la loi sur l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ; d’autres, à l’inverse, se focalisent sur une infinité de cas particuliers, au point de ressembler à des inventaires à la Prévert. Je me souviens d’un texte récent qui mentionnait aussi bien le miel que la clairette de Die…Or l’équilibre se trouve à mi-chemin. Les grands principes doivent pouvoir être mis en pratique. C’est tout l’objet de ce projet de loi qui entend répondre aux difficultés insurmontables rencontrées par les betteraviers pour qui l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes a sans doute été trop prématurée.Il témoigne donc du sens des responsabilités du Gouvernement et de celui de nos deux assemblées qui ont travaillé sur le projet de loi. Notre groupe Mouvement démocrate et démocrates apparentés salue le travail de la CMP et s’opposera donc à cette motion de rejet préalable.Pour autant, au milieu des voix dissonantes, nous appelons votre attention sur certains points. Tout d’abord, trois ans, c’est très court, il va donc falloir agir très vite et ne pas laisser croire à la filière qu’elle pourra, à la fin de ce délai, réclamer une nouvelle dérogation.Ensuite, il me semble qu’au-delà de la filière betterave, la vraie question est plutôt celle des pollinisateurs et des abeilles, et de la pauvreté écologique de nos plaines céréalières. J’espère que la future PAC – politique agricole commune – nous permettra de lui apporter quelques réponses. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
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   "words": 255,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270416",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd1634d65b22c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Certains des textes que nous examinons dans cette Assemblée ont vocation à inscrire dans la loi un certain nombre de grands principes, ainsi la loi sur l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ; d’autres, à l’inverse, se focalisent sur une infinité de cas particuliers, au point de ressembler à des inventaires à la Prévert. Je me souviens d’un texte récent qui mentionnait aussi bien le miel que la clairette de Die…Or l’équilibre se trouve à mi-chemin. Les grands principes doivent pouvoir être mis en pratique. C’est tout l’objet de ce projet de loi qui entend répondre aux difficultés insurmontables rencontrées par les betteraviers pour qui l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes a sans doute été trop prématurée.Il témoigne donc du sens des responsabilités du Gouvernement et de celui de nos deux assemblées qui ont travaillé sur le projet de loi. Notre groupe Mouvement démocrate et démocrates apparentés salue le travail de la CMP et s’opposera donc à cette motion de rejet préalable.Pour autant, au milieu des voix dissonantes, nous appelons votre attention sur certains points. Tout d’abord, trois ans, c’est très court, il va donc falloir agir très vite et ne pas laisser croire à la filière qu’elle pourra, à la fin de ce délai, réclamer une nouvelle dérogation.Ensuite, il me semble qu’au-delà de la filière betterave, la vraie question est plutôt celle des pollinisateurs et des abeilles, et de la pauvreté écologique de nos plaines céréalières. J’espère que la future PAC – politique agricole commune – nous permettra de lui apporter quelques réponses. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270423"
   ],
   "order": 28,
   "text": "Ce qui arrive à la filière betteravière n’est pas une fatalité ; c’était prévisible et, en vérité, les responsabilités sont à la fois publiques et privées. Je tenais à le dire, ce qui n’empêche pas aujourd’hui d’accompagner la filière et de trouver des solutions.Je récuse ensuite l’idée qu’il n’y ait pas d’alternative. Nous démontrerons que d’autres voies existent, qui passent par un partage de valeurs et le financement des pertes.Enfin, vous créez un conseil de surveillance, alors même qu’en 2017, vous avez décidé de mettre à l’écart les parlementaires qui participaient au conseil de surveillance du plan Écophyto, lequel ne s’est d’ailleurs quasiment pas réuni depuis cette date. À quoi bon créer des comités par molécule et par culture, alors même que le dispositif de pilotage global de la prévention et des solutions agronomiques a été abandonné par votre majorité ? C’est un problème de gouvernance, tout aussi important que le reste.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 152,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270423",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb503a1746178",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qui arrive à la filière betteravière n’est pas une fatalité ; c’était prévisible et, en vérité, les responsabilités sont à la fois publiques et privées. Je tenais à le dire, ce qui n’empêche pas aujourd’hui d’accompagner la filière et de trouver des solutions.Je récuse ensuite l’idée qu’il n’y ait pas d’alternative. Nous démontrerons que d’autres voies existent, qui passent par un partage de valeurs et le financement des pertes.Enfin, vous créez un conseil de surveillance, alors même qu’en 2017, vous avez décidé de mettre à l’écart les parlementaires qui participaient au conseil de surveillance du plan Écophyto, lequel ne s’est d’ailleurs quasiment pas réuni depuis cette date. À quoi bon créer des comités par molécule et par culture, alors même que le dispositif de pilotage global de la prévention et des solutions agronomiques a été abandonné par votre majorité ? C’est un problème de gouvernance, tout aussi important que le reste."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267355",
   "speaker": "Antoine Herth",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Herth",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270426",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270426"
   ],
   "order": 30,
   "text": "Je m’étonne de la tonalité de cette prétendue motion de rejet. Il s’agissait davantage d’un tour d’horizon des travaux de l’Assemblée nationale sur la mise en œuvre de la directive européenne sur les produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui prévoit que chaque État membre présente un plan pour réduire sa dépendance aux pesticides. Elle prévoit également qu’en cas d’urgence sanitaire, les États membres peuvent décider de dérogations, ce qui est exactement le sujet du projet de loi.La situation devrait donc vous satisfaire, monsieur Potier, vous qui êtes très attentif à l’articulation entre nos textes et les textes européens. Nous rétablissons ici une possibilité de dérogation mais a minima, uniquement pour les betteraves sucrières.De même, vous êtes, comme moi, attaché à la biodiversité et à l’agroécologie, et vous savez que, pour qu’elles progressent et que l’agriculture fasse sa transition écologique, nous avons besoin de toutes les énergies, sur le terrain, dans les fermes et dans les centres d’études techniques agricoles – CETA.Or le rejet de ce texte serait vécu comme une mesure punitive par les 25 000 agriculteurs engagés dans la filière betteraves. Permettez-moi de terminer sur une pique : je m’étonne qu’un membre du groupe socialiste soit sourd à ces 25 000 agriculteurs et aux 41 000 salariés de la filière. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Agir ens et Dem.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 218,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270426",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9de7af9ad120",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’étonne de la tonalité de cette prétendue motion de rejet. Il s’agissait davantage d’un tour d’horizon des travaux de l’Assemblée nationale sur la mise en œuvre de la directive européenne sur les produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui prévoit que chaque État membre présente un plan pour réduire sa dépendance aux pesticides. Elle prévoit également qu’en cas d’urgence sanitaire, les États membres peuvent décider de dérogations, ce qui est exactement le sujet du projet de loi.La situation devrait donc vous satisfaire, monsieur Potier, vous qui êtes très attentif à l’articulation entre nos textes et les textes européens. Nous rétablissons ici une possibilité de dérogation mais a minima, uniquement pour les betteraves sucrières.De même, vous êtes, comme moi, attaché à la biodiversité et à l’agroécologie, et vous savez que, pour qu’elles progressent et que l’agriculture fasse sa transition écologique, nous avons besoin de toutes les énergies, sur le terrain, dans les fermes et dans les centres d’études techniques agricoles – CETA.Or le rejet de ce texte serait vécu comme une mesure punitive par les 25 000 agriculteurs engagés dans la filière betteraves. Permettez-moi de terminer sur une pique : je m’étonne qu’un membre du groupe [GROUPE] soit sourd à ces 25 000 agriculteurs et aux 41 000 salariés de la filière. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs des groupes Agir ens et Dem.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270430",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270430"
   ],
   "order": 32,
   "text": "L’urgence de la situation me conduit à m’opposer à la motion de rejet préalable. Cela étant, je ne vous suis pas, monsieur le ministre, sur la voie que vous avez choisie pour autoriser les agriculteurs à réutiliser des néonicotinoïdes dans les trois prochaines années.J’aurais préféré que le Parlement puisse vous autoriser à signer un arrêté, une première fois, une deuxième fois, voire une troisième. En effet, c’est à nous, députés, qu’il appartiendra, dans nos circonscriptions, de rendre des comptes non seulement aux agriculteurs mais également à tous les protecteurs de l’environnement et, plus particulièrement, aux apiculteurs.L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes a été prise voilà quatre ans et, si nous voulons faire évoluer les pratiques, le Parlement doit vous mettre la pression, monsieur le ministre, et la mettre surtout à l’industrie de la betterave et notamment à l’Institut technique de la betterave – ITB. Je n’en veux ni aux producteurs ni aux agriculteurs qui organiseront la filière dans les conditions qu’on leur demande ou qui se tourneront vers d’autres cultures, mais notre responsabilité est de vous mettre la pression.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 176,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270430",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd730c66525a4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’urgence de la situation me conduit à m’opposer à la motion de rejet préalable. Cela étant, je ne vous suis pas, monsieur le ministre, sur la voie que vous avez choisie pour autoriser les agriculteurs à réutiliser des néonicotinoïdes dans les trois prochaines années.J’aurais préféré que le Parlement puisse vous autoriser à signer un arrêté, une première fois, une deuxième fois, voire une troisième. En effet, c’est à nous, députés, qu’il appartiendra, dans nos circonscriptions, de rendre des comptes non seulement aux agriculteurs mais également à tous les protecteurs de l’environnement et, plus particulièrement, aux apiculteurs.L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes a été prise voilà quatre ans et, si nous voulons faire évoluer les pratiques, le Parlement doit vous mettre la pression, monsieur le ministre, et la mettre surtout à l’industrie de la betterave et notamment à l’Institut technique de la betterave – ITB. Je n’en veux ni aux producteurs ni aux agriculteurs qui organiseront la filière dans les conditions qu’on leur demande ou qui se tourneront vers d’autres cultures, mais notre responsabilité est de vous mettre la pression."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719592",
   "speaker": "Benoit Simian",
   "quality": "M. Benoit Simian",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270434",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270434"
   ],
   "order": 34,
   "text": "Nous avons pris note de vos arguments en défense de cette loi régressive, qui réintroduit les néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de la betterave : vous craignez des destructions d’emploi et un effondrement de la filière, vous savez sans doute raison ; vous redoutez l’utilisation de substituts plus nocifs que les néonics, vous avez sans doute raison ; vous estimez que l’impact sur les pollinisateurs serait limité, ce n’est pas certain ; vous avancez que l’interdiction de plantations attractives pour les abeilles à proximité de ces champs suffirait à limiter l’impact sur ces dernières, ce n’est pas certain non plus.Au sein du groupe Libertés et territoires, des députés partagent des inquiétudes. Pour ma part, comme la majorité du groupe, j’estime que les risques liés à l’utilisation de ces substances sont trop importants et justifient que nous maintenions une interdiction totale ; la protection des pollinisateurs et des abeilles doit en effet être absolue.Nous redoutons qu’avec cette exception, on ouvre la boîte de Pandore d’où surgiront d’autres dérogations analogues – certaines filières en ont déjà fait la demande.La loi d’août 2016 a inscrit le principe de non-régression en tête du code de l’environnement, nous engageant ce faisant dans une dynamique de progrès.Je sais, monsieur le ministre, que vous êtes progressiste en matière d’environnement mais, avec ce projet de loi, ce n’est pas le cas.La France va perdre sa place de leader dans le match de l’écologie de terrain. Or, élu dans une circonscription située en Médoc, je souhaite que nous restions leader sur ces sujets. C’est pourquoi je préférerais – mais ce n’est pas permis par la Constitution – que ce type de mesures fasse l’objet de lois de région plutôt que de polluer le Parlement.Pour toutes ces raisons, la majorité du groupe Libertés et territoires votera la motion de rejet préalable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 300,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270434",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf4c32ceff646",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons pris note de vos arguments en défense de cette loi régressive, qui réintroduit les néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de la betterave : vous craignez des destructions d’emploi et un effondrement de la filière, vous savez sans doute raison ; vous redoutez l’utilisation de substituts plus nocifs que les néonics, vous avez sans doute raison ; vous estimez que l’impact sur les pollinisateurs serait limité, ce n’est pas certain ; vous avancez que l’interdiction de plantations attractives pour les abeilles à proximité de ces champs suffirait à limiter l’impact sur ces dernières, ce n’est pas certain non plus.Au sein du groupe [GROUPE], des députés partagent des inquiétudes. Pour ma part, comme la majorité du groupe, j’estime que les risques liés à l’utilisation de ces substances sont trop importants et justifient que nous maintenions une interdiction totale ; la protection des pollinisateurs et des abeilles doit en effet être absolue.Nous redoutons qu’avec cette exception, on ouvre la boîte de Pandore d’où surgiront d’autres dérogations analogues – certaines filières en ont déjà fait la demande.La loi d’août 2016 a inscrit le principe de non-régression en tête du code de l’environnement, nous engageant ce faisant dans une dynamique de progrès.Je sais, monsieur le ministre, que vous êtes progressiste en matière d’environnement mais, avec ce projet de loi, ce n’est pas le cas.La France va perdre sa place de leader dans le match de l’écologie de terrain. Or, élu dans une circonscription située en Médoc, je souhaite que nous restions leader sur ces sujets. C’est pourquoi je préférerais – mais ce n’est pas permis par la Constitution – que ce type de mesures fasse l’objet de lois de région plutôt que de polluer le Parlement.Pour toutes ces raisons, la majorité du groupe [GROUPE] votera la motion de rejet préalable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270441",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270441"
   ],
   "order": 36,
   "text": "En 2017, les quotas de production de sucre et le prix minimal réglementaire de la betterave ont été abandonnés. Cela a notamment eu pour conséquence l’explosion de la production des grands pays sucriers et l’effondrement des cours mondiaux.Pour sauver la filière, la solution réside principalement dans le retour aux quotas, la mise en place de prix planchers et la sortie des logiques de surproduction, certainement pas dans la réintroduction des pesticides, sous prétexte de la présence d’un puceron.Nous savons toutes et tous que les néonicotinoïdes n’entraînent rien de moins que la pollution des sols et des eaux, et les études scientifiques ont démontré leur responsabilité dans l’immense hécatombe de toutes sortes d’être vivants.L’utilisation de semences enrobées ne règle en rien le problème. En effet, seuls 2 à 20 % de la matière active sont réellement absorbés par la plante ; les 80 % restants se répandent tranquillement dans l’environnement et sont responsables d’une pollution insidieuse, puisque invisible, et extrêmement destructrice.Nous avons largement démontré ces faits lors des débats, et personne ici ne peut les ignorer. Lundi soir, le Sénat avait rejeté l’article 1er de ce texte (Protestation du rapporteur et du président de la commission mixte paritaire), avant, malheureusement, de revoter à la demande du Gouvernement, preuve que la réintroduction de semences et de pesticides pollueurs et tueurs de biodiversité ne va pas de soi. En 2016, l’actuelle ministre de la transition écologique était en pointe dans la dénonciation de la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes ; en 2020, elle était bizarrement absente de l’ensemble des débats sur le sujet. C’est volontairement que le secteur ne s’est pas préparé à cultiver sans néonicotinoïdes : les députés n’ont pas à couvrir ce choix délibéré, accompagné d’un chantage insupportable que l’on peut rapidement résumer par « soit vous autorisez les pesticides, soit la filière disparaît et avec elle des milliers d’emplois ».Je considère, en pleine conscience, que, dans l’intérêt général pour lequel nous avons été élu, nous devons toutes et tous voter la motion de rejet de notre collègue. (Applaudissement sur les bancs du groupe FI.– Mme Elsa Faucillon applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 347,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270441",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb1d4cda60bf8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En 2017, les quotas de production de sucre et le prix minimal réglementaire de la betterave ont été abandonnés. Cela a notamment eu pour conséquence l’explosion de la production des grands pays sucriers et l’effondrement des cours mondiaux.Pour sauver la filière, la solution réside principalement dans le retour aux quotas, la mise en place de prix planchers et la sortie des logiques de surproduction, certainement pas dans la réintroduction des pesticides, sous prétexte de la présence d’un puceron.Nous savons toutes et tous que les néonicotinoïdes n’entraînent rien de moins que la pollution des sols et des eaux, et les études scientifiques ont démontré leur responsabilité dans l’immense hécatombe de toutes sortes d’être vivants.L’utilisation de semences enrobées ne règle en rien le problème. En effet, seuls 2 à 20 % de la matière active sont réellement absorbés par la plante ; les 80 % restants se répandent tranquillement dans l’environnement et sont responsables d’une pollution insidieuse, puisque invisible, et extrêmement destructrice.Nous avons largement démontré ces faits lors des débats, et personne ici ne peut les ignorer. Lundi soir, le Sénat avait rejeté l’article 1er de ce texte (Protestation du rapporteur et du président de la commission mixte paritaire), avant, malheureusement, de revoter à la demande du Gouvernement, preuve que la réintroduction de semences et de pesticides pollueurs et tueurs de biodiversité ne va pas de soi. En 2016, l’actuelle ministre de la transition écologique était en pointe dans la dénonciation de la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes ; en 2020, elle était bizarrement absente de l’ensemble des débats sur le sujet. C’est volontairement que le secteur ne s’est pas préparé à cultiver sans néonicotinoïdes : les députés n’ont pas à couvrir ce choix délibéré, accompagné d’un chantage insupportable que l’on peut rapidement résumer par « soit vous autorisez les pesticides, soit la filière disparaît et avec elle des milliers d’emplois ».Je considère, en pleine conscience, que, dans l’intérêt général pour lequel nous avons été élu, nous devons toutes et tous voter la motion de rejet de notre collègue. (Applaudissement sur les bancs du groupe FI.– Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270055",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270055"
   ],
   "order": 38,
   "text": "Je vais essayer de vous expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles notre groupe votera la motion de rejet préalable pour censurer ce texte.Dans l’appréciation de ce projet de loi, nous pouvons tous faire preuve d’humilité. Des certitudes sont affichées, mais nous savons très bien ce qui se passe. Nous-mêmes, en votant contre ce texte, nous connaissons la réalité qu’affrontent les producteurs dans les territoires. Depuis l’an dernier, 5 000 hectares de culture de betterave sucrière ont disparu dans le département de Jean-Paul Dufrègne et dans le mien, parce que Cristal Union a abandonné les producteurs ; fort heureusement, la coopérative Limagrain a pris le relais pour essayer d’autres cultures que la betterave sucrière.Nous connaissons les difficultés des producteurs et nous ne nions pas l’existence d’un véritable problème économique. Des députés de notre groupe côtoient, dans leur département, des producteurs confrontés à ces difficultés. Pour autant, même si ce n’est pas facile, nous choisissons de nous opposer à ce texte, parce que nous pensons que certaines de ses dispositions portent de graves coups à l’environnement. Le projet de loi a une dimension extrêmement symbolique, car il répond à une réelle urgence économique et à une grande souffrance sociale chez les producteurs par un retour sur des avancées environnementales. En outre, il ne prend pas en compte les véritables problèmes : avez-vous analysé la stratégie des trois grands groupes sucriers, Tereos, Cristal Union et l’allemand Südzucker ? Nous sommes-nous posé la question de l’impact économique, territoire par territoire, en fonction des pratiques et des pertes de rendement constatées ? Le déploiement d’outils et de moyens de compensation économique a-t-il été étudié, afin d’éviter cette dérive catastrophique pour l’environnement ? J’aurai l’occasion d’y revenir, avec humilité encore une fois, dans la discussion générale. Vous comprenez les raisons de notre vote favorable à la motion de rejet préalable.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 303,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270055",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N66e0012f58e7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais essayer de vous expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles notre groupe votera la motion de rejet préalable pour censurer ce texte.Dans l’appréciation de ce projet de loi, nous pouvons tous faire preuve d’humilité. Des certitudes sont affichées, mais nous savons très bien ce qui se passe. Nous-mêmes, en votant contre ce texte, nous connaissons la réalité qu’affrontent les producteurs dans les territoires. Depuis l’an dernier, 5 000 hectares de culture de betterave sucrière ont disparu dans le département de [PERSONNE] et dans le mien, parce que Cristal Union a abandonné les producteurs ; fort heureusement, la coopérative Limagrain a pris le relais pour essayer d’autres cultures que la betterave sucrière.Nous connaissons les difficultés des producteurs et nous ne nions pas l’existence d’un véritable problème économique. Des députés de notre groupe côtoient, dans leur département, des producteurs confrontés à ces difficultés. Pour autant, même si ce n’est pas facile, nous choisissons de nous opposer à ce texte, parce que nous pensons que certaines de ses dispositions portent de graves coups à l’environnement. Le projet de loi a une dimension extrêmement symbolique, car il répond à une réelle urgence économique et à une grande souffrance sociale chez les producteurs par un retour sur des avancées environnementales. En outre, il ne prend pas en compte les véritables problèmes : avez-vous analysé la stratégie des trois grands groupes sucriers, Tereos, Cristal Union et l’allemand Südzucker ? Nous sommes-nous posé la question de l’impact économique, territoire par territoire, en fonction des pratiques et des pertes de rendement constatées ? Le déploiement d’outils et de moyens de compensation économique a-t-il été étudié, afin d’éviter cette dérive catastrophique pour l’environnement ? J’aurai l’occasion d’y revenir, avec humilité encore une fois, dans la discussion générale. Vous comprenez les raisons de notre vote favorable à la motion de rejet préalable."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270067",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270067"
   ],
   "order": 45,
   "text": "La commission mixte paritaire s’est réunie hier matin pour trouver un accord sur la version du texte relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières. Celle-ci a été conclusive, ce dont nous pouvons nous féliciter. Cela témoigne du consensus des parlementaires sur l’importance que revêtent ce projet de loi et cette dérogation pour la filière betteravière sucrière. Cela montre l’importance d’agir pour sauver la filière et de prendre des mesures pour la sauvegarde de notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale.Le choix que nous avions fait dans cet hémicycle le 7 octobre dernier sur l’autorisation de dérogations répondait à deux impératifs : la préservation de notre souveraineté alimentaire, la transition agroécologique nécessaire et impérative.Non, il ne s’agit pas d’une réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ! Pour rappel, 90 % des usages préalables resteront interdits. Non, il ne s’agit pas non plus d’une porte ouverte vers davantage de dérogations, puisque le texte les circonscrit aux seules betteraves sucrières.L’esprit du texte que nous avions défendu ici il y a quelques semaines a été préservé, ce dont nous pouvons nous réjouir. Comme dans la version votée par l’Assemblée, les dérogations d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques ne seront possibles que sur décision commune des ministères de l’agriculture et de la transition écologique. Le comité d’évaluation des avancées de la filière a, lui aussi, été conservé. Comme nous l’avons voté ici, la dérogation sera circonscrite à la seule betterave sucrière, sans aucune autre dérogation possible, et limitée dans le temps, jusqu’en 2023. Seul l’enrobage des semences sera possible, à l’exclusion de toute pulvérisation. Le semis, la plantation et la replantation de végétaux attractifs d’insectes pollinisateurs seront temporairement interdits après l’emploi de ces semences.Ces derniers jours, nous avons entendu des propos minimisant l’impact de la jaunisse sur les cultures betteravières et prenant avec légèreté la perte des exploitants. Qui peut se réjouir, ou du moins s’estimer « rassuré », de la perte de « seulement 10 % à 20 % » des rendements ? Comment pouvons-nous décider de rester immobiles face à la détresse d’une filière ? Ce que nous ne produirons plus, nous l’importerons ! Est-ce vraiment cela que nous voulons ?Au moment où la France se reconfine, la préservation de nos richesses et de nos champions nationaux est essentielle. Au 20 octobre dernier, à titre d’exemple et selon les chiffres issus du délégué interministériel de la filière betterave-sucre-alcool, certaines pertes pouvaient atteindre de 70 % à 80 %. J’entends déjà les voix de ceux qui contesteraient ces chiffres : certes, la situation n’est pas homogène dans l’ensemble du territoire, mais devons-nous prendre la question du côté du « moins grave » ? À titre d’exemple, en Seine-et-Marne, l’écart de production la moyenne des cinq dernières années et 2020 traduit une perte de 62 % pour les parcelles non irriguées et de 37 % pour les parcelles irriguées.Afin de préserver nos producteurs des pays extérieurs à l’Union européenne et des normes qui y sont applicables, la commission mixte paritaire a conservé l’article proposé par le Sénat habilitant le pouvoir exécutif à suspendre ou à fixer des conditions particulières à l’introduction, l’importation et la mise sur le marché en France de denrées alimentaires ou de produits agricoles contenant des substances interdites sur notre sol. Cet article se situe dans la droite ligne de ce que j’avais fait voter, en tant que rapporteur, à l’article 44 de la loi du 30 octobre 2018 dite ÉGALIM. Cet article interdit l’importation, la circulation et la vente des produits qui ne respectent pas nos normes de production. Nos concitoyens, qui sont aussi des consommateurs, ont des exigences nouvelles vis-à-vis des agriculteurs et des produits qu’ils souhaitent consommer.Les agriculteurs utilisent les produits phytosanitaires non par plaisir, mais pour protéger leurs productions, dont le coût doit leur permettre de faire face à la concurrence. Si l’on impose de nouvelles normes aux agriculteurs, il ne peut y avoir de concurrence libre et non faussée sans interdiction de la commercialisation de produits qui ne respectent pas scrupuleusement ces normes. C’est d’ailleurs ce que nous allons proposer prochainement dans une proposition de résolution européenne, travaillée au sein de la majorité et avec des députes du groupe Les Républicains, notamment Julien Dive et Fabrice Brun. Il faut que l’article 44 s’applique réellement au niveau européen et devienne la règle incontournable de l’ensemble de nos négociations commerciales internationales, grâce aux contrôles très stricts qui seront mis en place. Cette garantie est essentielle pour les agriculteurs. Il faut harmoniser nos normes de production à l’échelle européenne : le récent accord que vous avez obtenu, monsieur le ministre, dans la négociation de la politique agricole commune s’inscrit tout à fait dans cette exigence.C’est pour assurer la nécessaire préservation de notre souveraineté agricole et alimentaire, et pour accompagner les agriculteurs dans la transition écologique sans en rester au stade de l’incantation qui ne mène nulle part, que le groupe La République en marche votera ce texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 830,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270067",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N692affe9bf75",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La commission mixte paritaire s’est réunie hier matin pour trouver un accord sur la version du texte relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières. Celle-ci a été conclusive, ce dont nous pouvons nous féliciter. Cela témoigne du consensus des parlementaires sur l’importance que revêtent ce projet de loi et cette dérogation pour la filière betteravière sucrière. Cela montre l’importance d’agir pour sauver la filière et de prendre des mesures pour la sauvegarde de notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale.Le choix que nous avions fait dans cet hémicycle le 7 octobre dernier sur l’autorisation de dérogations répondait à deux impératifs : la préservation de notre souveraineté alimentaire, la transition agroécologique nécessaire et impérative.Non, il ne s’agit pas d’une réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ! Pour rappel, 90 % des usages préalables resteront interdits. Non, il ne s’agit pas non plus d’une porte ouverte vers davantage de dérogations, puisque le texte les circonscrit aux seules betteraves sucrières.L’esprit du texte que nous avions défendu ici il y a quelques semaines a été préservé, ce dont nous pouvons nous réjouir. Comme dans la version votée par l’Assemblée, les dérogations d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques ne seront possibles que sur décision commune des ministères de l’agriculture et de la transition écologique. Le comité d’évaluation des avancées de la filière a, lui aussi, été conservé. Comme nous l’avons voté ici, la dérogation sera circonscrite à la seule betterave sucrière, sans aucune autre dérogation possible, et limitée dans le temps, jusqu’en 2023. Seul l’enrobage des semences sera possible, à l’exclusion de toute pulvérisation. Le semis, la plantation et la replantation de végétaux attractifs d’insectes pollinisateurs seront temporairement interdits après l’emploi de ces semences.Ces derniers jours, nous avons entendu des propos minimisant l’impact de la jaunisse sur les cultures betteravières et prenant avec légèreté la perte des exploitants. Qui peut se réjouir, ou du moins s’estimer « rassuré », de la perte de « seulement 10 % à 20 % » des rendements ? Comment pouvons-nous décider de rester immobiles face à la détresse d’une filière ? Ce que nous ne produirons plus, nous l’importerons ! Est-ce vraiment cela que nous voulons ?Au moment où la France se reconfine, la préservation de nos richesses et de nos champions nationaux est essentielle. Au 20 octobre dernier, à titre d’exemple et selon les chiffres issus du délégué interministériel de la filière betterave-sucre-alcool, certaines pertes pouvaient atteindre de 70 % à 80 %. J’entends déjà les voix de ceux qui contesteraient ces chiffres : certes, la situation n’est pas homogène dans l’ensemble du territoire, mais devons-nous prendre la question du côté du « moins grave » ? À titre d’exemple, en Seine-et-Marne, l’écart de production la moyenne des cinq dernières années et 2020 traduit une perte de 62 % pour les parcelles non irriguées et de 37 % pour les parcelles irriguées.Afin de préserver nos producteurs des pays extérieurs à l’Union européenne et des normes qui y sont applicables, la commission mixte paritaire a conservé l’article proposé par le Sénat habilitant le pouvoir exécutif à suspendre ou à fixer des conditions particulières à l’introduction, l’importation et la mise sur le marché en France de denrées alimentaires ou de produits agricoles contenant des substances interdites sur notre sol. Cet article se situe dans la droite ligne de ce que j’avais fait voter, en tant que rapporteur, à l’article 44 de la loi du 30 octobre 2018 dite ÉGALIM. Cet article interdit l’importation, la circulation et la vente des produits qui ne respectent pas nos normes de production. Nos concitoyens, qui sont aussi des consommateurs, ont des exigences nouvelles vis-à-vis des agriculteurs et des produits qu’ils souhaitent consommer.Les agriculteurs utilisent les produits phytosanitaires non par plaisir, mais pour protéger leurs productions, dont le coût doit leur permettre de faire face à la concurrence. Si l’on impose de nouvelles normes aux agriculteurs, il ne peut y avoir de concurrence libre et non faussée sans interdiction de la commercialisation de produits qui ne respectent pas scrupuleusement ces normes. C’est d’ailleurs ce que nous allons proposer prochainement dans une proposition de résolution européenne, travaillée au sein de la majorité et avec des députes du groupe [GROUPE], notamment [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE]. Il faut que l’article 44 s’applique réellement au niveau européen et devienne la règle incontournable de l’ensemble de nos négociations commerciales internationales, grâce aux contrôles très stricts qui seront mis en place. Cette garantie est essentielle pour les agriculteurs. Il faut harmoniser nos normes de production à l’échelle européenne : le récent accord que vous avez obtenu, monsieur le ministre, dans la négociation de la politique agricole commune s’inscrit tout à fait dans cette exigence.C’est pour assurer la nécessaire préservation de notre souveraineté agricole et alimentaire, et pour accompagner les agriculteurs dans la transition écologique sans en rester au stade de l’incantation qui ne mène nulle part, que le groupe [GROUPE] votera ce texte. (Applaudissements sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA721576",
   "speaker": "Sylvie Bouchet Bellecourt",
   "quality": "Mme Sylvie Bouchet Bellecourt",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270079",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270079"
   ],
   "order": 48,
   "text": "Nous nous apprêtons à nous prononcer sur le projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières, grâce au succès de la commission mixte paritaire, qui a abouti à un accord entre les deux chambres. J’en profite pour remercier mon collègue Julien Dive pour son remarquable travail sur le sujet.Certes, les concessions sont toujours trop nombreuses et trop importantes pour celui qui en fait, mais j’estime que cet accord est bon, car il est raisonnable et exigeant. Raisonnable, car il rappelle à tous que, pour assurer une transition agroécologique, il ne faut pas oublier le mot « transition ». Aujourd’hui, les surfaces betteravières françaises ne représentent que 2 % des surfaces agricoles cultivées, ce qui implique que le projet de loi ne signera pas le retour général des néonicotinoïdes dans notre pays. C’est un fait. Que ce soit clair, nous sommes tous ici d’accord pour mettre fin à l’utilisation des NNI. Nous avons entendu cette demande forte des Français.Toutefois, mettre fin du jour au lendemain à l’utilisation d’un produit dont tout un pan de la filière betteravière dépend me semble dangereux. Les agriculteurs, qui en ont fait l’amère expérience cette année à la suite de la décision politique prise en 2016, le savent. L’écologie de défiance, qui vise à tout interdire sans se soucier des répercussions directes dans les territoires, n’est pas celle que le groupe Les Républicains entend défendre. Nous lui préférons l’écologie de la confiance avec les professionnels concernés. Cela est nécessaire, car le traumatisme de la jaunisse ne doit pas conduire nos agriculteurs à cesser cette culture. Oui, la perte de rendement n’est pas homogène dans le territoire français. Elle se situe entre 15 % et 20 % si l’on inclut les zones non touchées et atteint jusqu’à 60 % dans certains territoires franciliens, tant dans les parcelles conventionnelles que dans les parcelles biologiques. Le risque est grand, car plus de 45 000 emplois directs, hors planteurs, sont menacés. Je pense à la sucrerie indépendante Ouvré de Souppes-sur-Loing, à celle de Nangis et à tant d’autres en France. Ne pas entendre la détresse actuelle du monde paysan reviendrait à signer l’un des plus grands plans sociaux de l’agriculture. Ne nous y trompons pas : accuser les agriculteurs, déjà en grande difficulté économique et sociale, de détruire sciemment la biodiversité, n’est en rien reconnaître le monde agricole. Parce que leur métier est également leur passion, les agriculteurs sont les premiers concernés par la préservation de la biodiversité dans les territoires. Malheureusement, le temps politique passe plus vite que celui dont disposent les professionnels pour préparer les sols et récolter leur dû : je le déplore. J’avais eu l’occasion de le dire durant les débats : ceux qui nous nourrissent sont en train de mourir. Monsieur le ministre, je profite de cette tribune pour vous alerter sur les risques sociaux auxquels feront face les agriculteurs dans les prochains mois. L’omerta autour du milieu agricole reste trop importante lorsqu’il s’agit de faire face aux difficultés de trésorerie. Nous devons être vigilants afin de déceler rapidement les situations qui pourraient devenir dramatiques.Face à l’agribashing permanent, la solution trouvée dans le projet de loi montre l’exigence à laquelle la représentation nationale soumet la filière. En effet, il n’est pas question de lui donner un blanc-seing : la transition s’achèvera en 2023.Nous attendons une accélération puissante et déterminée de la recherche et du développement d’alternatives, de manière à offrir à la filière betteravière des armes pour mener sa transition. Tout doit être fait pour éviter que nous n’importions du sucre produit on ne sait où et sans respect des normes environnementales que l’on demande aux agriculteurs français de respecter. La pression est aujourd’hui sur les épaules des semenciers : il ne tient qu’à eux et à eux seuls d’accentuer leurs efforts pour maintenir la filière sucrière française parmi les plus performantes d’Europe.Exigeant, le projet de loi instaure un conseil de surveillance, chargé de donner un avis sur les possibles dérogations. Celles-ci seront effectives au plus tard en décembre, pour laisser le temps aux industriels de produire les semences nécessaires aux semis de masse. Elles seront accordées sous conditions strictes et dans un délai court. Vous pouvez compter sur notre vigilance : nous suivrons attentivement les avancées à ce sujet.Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe Les Républicains votera en faveur de ce texte. (M. le rapporteur et M. le président de la CMP applaudissent.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "words": 745,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270079",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N814b6a663e98",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous apprêtons à nous prononcer sur le projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières, grâce au succès de la commission mixte paritaire, qui a abouti à un accord entre les deux chambres. J’en profite pour remercier mon collègue [PERSONNE] pour son remarquable travail sur le sujet.Certes, les concessions sont toujours trop nombreuses et trop importantes pour celui qui en fait, mais j’estime que cet accord est bon, car il est raisonnable et exigeant. Raisonnable, car il rappelle à tous que, pour assurer une transition agroécologique, il ne faut pas oublier le mot « transition ». Aujourd’hui, les surfaces betteravières françaises ne représentent que 2 % des surfaces agricoles cultivées, ce qui implique que le projet de loi ne signera pas le retour général des néonicotinoïdes dans notre pays. C’est un fait. Que ce soit clair, nous sommes tous ici d’accord pour mettre fin à l’utilisation des NNI. Nous avons entendu cette demande forte des Français.Toutefois, mettre fin du jour au lendemain à l’utilisation d’un produit dont tout un pan de la filière betteravière dépend me semble dangereux. Les agriculteurs, qui en ont fait l’amère expérience cette année à la suite de la décision politique prise en 2016, le savent. L’écologie de défiance, qui vise à tout interdire sans se soucier des répercussions directes dans les territoires, n’est pas celle que le groupe [GROUPE] entend défendre. Nous lui préférons l’écologie de la confiance avec les professionnels concernés. Cela est nécessaire, car le traumatisme de la jaunisse ne doit pas conduire nos agriculteurs à cesser cette culture. Oui, la perte de rendement n’est pas homogène dans le territoire français. Elle se situe entre 15 % et 20 % si l’on inclut les zones non touchées et atteint jusqu’à 60 % dans certains territoires franciliens, tant dans les parcelles conventionnelles que dans les parcelles biologiques. Le risque est grand, car plus de 45 000 emplois directs, hors planteurs, sont menacés. Je pense à la sucrerie indépendante Ouvré de Souppes-sur-Loing, à celle de Nangis et à tant d’autres en France. Ne pas entendre la détresse actuelle du monde paysan reviendrait à signer l’un des plus grands plans sociaux de l’agriculture. Ne nous y trompons pas : accuser les agriculteurs, déjà en grande difficulté économique et sociale, de détruire sciemment la biodiversité, n’est en rien reconnaître le monde agricole. Parce que leur métier est également leur passion, les agriculteurs sont les premiers concernés par la préservation de la biodiversité dans les territoires. Malheureusement, le temps politique passe plus vite que celui dont disposent les professionnels pour préparer les sols et récolter leur dû : je le déplore. J’avais eu l’occasion de le dire durant les débats : ceux qui nous nourrissent sont en train de mourir. Monsieur le ministre, je profite de cette tribune pour vous alerter sur les risques sociaux auxquels feront face les agriculteurs dans les prochains mois. L’omerta autour du milieu agricole reste trop importante lorsqu’il s’agit de faire face aux difficultés de trésorerie. Nous devons être vigilants afin de déceler rapidement les situations qui pourraient devenir dramatiques.Face à l’agribashing permanent, la solution trouvée dans le projet de loi montre l’exigence à laquelle la représentation nationale soumet la filière. En effet, il n’est pas question de lui donner un blanc-seing : la transition s’achèvera en 2023.Nous attendons une accélération puissante et déterminée de la recherche et du développement d’alternatives, de manière à offrir à la filière betteravière des armes pour mener sa transition. Tout doit être fait pour éviter que nous n’importions du sucre produit on ne sait où et sans respect des normes environnementales que l’on demande aux agriculteurs français de respecter. La pression est aujourd’hui sur les épaules des semenciers : il ne tient qu’à eux et à eux seuls d’accentuer leurs efforts pour maintenir la filière sucrière française parmi les plus performantes d’Europe.Exigeant, le projet de loi instaure un conseil de surveillance, chargé de donner un avis sur les possibles dérogations. Celles-ci seront effectives au plus tard en décembre, pour laisser le temps aux industriels de produire les semences nécessaires aux semis de masse. Elles seront accordées sous conditions strictes et dans un délai court. Vous pouvez compter sur notre vigilance : nous suivrons attentivement les avancées à ce sujet.Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de ce texte. (M. le rapporteur et M. le président de la CMP applaudissent.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO774834",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270092",
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   "text": "À mon tour, je tiens à saluer le travail important qui a été accompli, malgré les délais très contraints dont nous disposions, pour enrichir le projet de loi et trouver un accord avec nos collègues sénateurs en commission mixte paritaire. Je me félicite que l’Assemblée et le Sénat se soient rapidement accordés sur un texte commun, preuve, s’il en fallait une, que le sujet rapproche plus qu’il n’oppose.Au vu de l’urgence, les divergences partisanes ont été dépassées. C’est un bon signe pour l’agriculture, même si – je le répète – personne ici n’est favorable aux néonicotinoïdes. Nous sommes tous sensibles à l’effondrement des colonies d’abeilles, ainsi qu’aux effets désastreux de ces produits sur l’eau, les sols et la santé humaine. Mais j’aurais souhaité que nous soyons également tous sensibles au risque de disparition de la filière betteravière, à la situation d’impasse dans laquelle se trouvent les betteraviers en raison d’une décision politique qu’ils n’ont pas prise et au risque de substitution du sucre français par du sucre produit à l’étranger dans des conditions environnementales et sanitaires moins-disantes.C’est pour ces raisons précises que nous demandons de prolonger pour trois ans une dérogation, permise par le droit européen et qui a récemment pris fin pour la France. C’est le choix le plus responsable dans la situation actuelle : parce que cette décision est assortie de garanties visant à limiter au maximum son impact sur la biodiversité, parce que nous considérons que substituer à du sucre produit en France du sucre produit en Europe avec des produits plus toxiques est un non-sens écologique, parce qu’on pourra ainsi mettre fin à une pratique encore plus catastrophique pour la biodiversité, l’utilisation des pyréthrinoïdes, ces insecticides qui détruisent tous les insectes présents au moment de la pulvérisation –⁠ notamment les coccinelles.Mes chers collègues, je sais que vous préféreriez en rester à l’interdiction décidée en 2016. Mais réjouissons-nous d’ores et déjà que notre pays ait interdit 95 % des usages des néonicotinoïdes en quatre ans, ce qu’aucun autre pays européen n’a fait ! (M. Frédéric Descrozaille et M. Éric Alauzet applaudissent.)Réjouissons-nous du rôle pionner de la France en la matière depuis 2016 ! D’autant que, comme nous ne cessons de le rappeler depuis plusieurs semaines, il ne s’agit que d’une solution de court terme. À long terme, nous demandons au Gouvernement de valoriser, partout où c’est possible, l’agroécologie. Le véritable problème est la pauvreté écologique des plaines céréalières. À certaines périodes de l’année, les abeilles sauvages et domestiques n’ont plus de nourriture, car les cultures ne sont pas assez diversifiées. Pour les abeilles domestiques, cela va encore grâce aux transhumances, mais imaginez pour les abeilles sauvages !Ce à quoi nous devons travailler avec le Gouvernement, quel que soit le groupe auquel nous appartenions, c’est à définir des solutions pour alimenter les abeilles, car en les alimentant, on alimente de nombreux autres insectes et on restaure toute la biodiversité. Le groupe du Mouvement démocrate (MoDem) et démocrates apparentés propose depuis toujours l’implantation de haies bocagères et de bandes enherbées : ce sont des réservoirs de biodiversité, notamment de prédateurs de pucerons, mais également de fleurs variées pour les abeilles. Il y a bien d’autres solutions, comme un soutien renforcé à la filière apicole.Sur l’ensemble de ces sujets, nous avons une fenêtre d’opportunité avec la réforme en cours de la PAC. À ce titre, je vous remercie, monsieur le ministre, pour les travaux que vous avez effectués au sein de l’Union européenne. Nous avançons sur la dimension environnementale de l’agriculture, et c’est à vous qu’on le doit. Il faut travailler sur la diversité des campagnes, sur la diversité des ressources mellifères pour les abeilles, sur la valorisation de la biodiversité, d’autant que lorsqu’une abeille n’a rien à manger, elle est beaucoup plus sensible aux traitements et aux parasites.Voyons donc ces trois années supplémentaires comme trois années pour faire évoluer les pratiques d’une filière entière, mais également comme l’occasion d’engager les agriculteurs dans de nouveaux types de cultures.Vous l’aurez compris, le groupe du Mouvement démocrate (MoDem) et démocrates apparentés votera le projet de loi, parce que nous refusons l’opposition caricaturale entre gentils défenseurs de l’environnement et méchants agriculteurs pollueurs, parce que nous essayons depuis toujours de favoriser le dialogue et la compréhension mutuelle et parce que nous sommes favorables à l’évolution des pratiques agricoles, qui, chers collègues de l’opposition, est plus à l’œuvre que vous ne le pensez ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes LaREM, Dem et Agir ens.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
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   "article_id": "",
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   "words": 740,
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   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270092",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N09b929efb987",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "À mon tour, je tiens à saluer le travail important qui a été accompli, malgré les délais très contraints dont nous disposions, pour enrichir le projet de loi et trouver un accord avec nos collègues sénateurs en commission mixte paritaire. Je me félicite que l’Assemblée et le Sénat se soient rapidement accordés sur un texte commun, preuve, s’il en fallait une, que le sujet rapproche plus qu’il n’oppose.Au vu de l’urgence, les divergences partisanes ont été dépassées. C’est un bon signe pour l’agriculture, même si – je le répète – personne ici n’est favorable aux néonicotinoïdes. Nous sommes tous sensibles à l’effondrement des colonies d’abeilles, ainsi qu’aux effets désastreux de ces produits sur l’eau, les sols et la santé humaine. Mais j’aurais souhaité que nous soyons également tous sensibles au risque de disparition de la filière betteravière, à la situation d’impasse dans laquelle se trouvent les betteraviers en raison d’une décision politique qu’ils n’ont pas prise et au risque de substitution du sucre français par du sucre produit à l’étranger dans des conditions environnementales et sanitaires moins-disantes.C’est pour ces raisons précises que nous demandons de prolonger pour trois ans une dérogation, permise par le droit européen et qui a récemment pris fin pour la France. C’est le choix le plus responsable dans la situation actuelle : parce que cette décision est assortie de garanties visant à limiter au maximum son impact sur la biodiversité, parce que nous considérons que substituer à du sucre produit en France du sucre produit en Europe avec des produits plus toxiques est un non-sens écologique, parce qu’on pourra ainsi mettre fin à une pratique encore plus catastrophique pour la biodiversité, l’utilisation des pyréthrinoïdes, ces insecticides qui détruisent tous les insectes présents au moment de la pulvérisation –⁠ notamment les coccinelles.Mes chers collègues, je sais que vous préféreriez en rester à l’interdiction décidée en 2016. Mais réjouissons-nous d’ores et déjà que notre pays ait interdit 95 % des usages des néonicotinoïdes en quatre ans, ce qu’aucun autre pays européen n’a fait ! (M. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent.)Réjouissons-nous du rôle pionner de la France en la matière depuis 2016 ! D’autant que, comme nous ne cessons de le rappeler depuis plusieurs semaines, il ne s’agit que d’une solution de court terme. À long terme, nous demandons au Gouvernement de valoriser, partout où c’est possible, l’agroécologie. Le véritable problème est la pauvreté écologique des plaines céréalières. À certaines périodes de l’année, les abeilles sauvages et domestiques n’ont plus de nourriture, car les cultures ne sont pas assez diversifiées. Pour les abeilles domestiques, cela va encore grâce aux transhumances, mais imaginez pour les abeilles sauvages !Ce à quoi nous devons travailler avec le Gouvernement, quel que soit le groupe auquel nous appartenions, c’est à définir des solutions pour alimenter les abeilles, car en les alimentant, on alimente de nombreux autres insectes et on restaure toute la biodiversité. Le groupe du [GROUPE] propose depuis toujours l’implantation de haies bocagères et de bandes enherbées : ce sont des réservoirs de biodiversité, notamment de prédateurs de pucerons, mais également de fleurs variées pour les abeilles. Il y a bien d’autres solutions, comme un soutien renforcé à la filière apicole.Sur l’ensemble de ces sujets, nous avons une fenêtre d’opportunité avec la réforme en cours de la PAC. À ce titre, je vous remercie, monsieur le ministre, pour les travaux que vous avez effectués au sein de l’Union européenne. Nous avançons sur la dimension environnementale de l’agriculture, et c’est à vous qu’on le doit. Il faut travailler sur la diversité des campagnes, sur la diversité des ressources mellifères pour les abeilles, sur la valorisation de la biodiversité, d’autant que lorsqu’une abeille n’a rien à manger, elle est beaucoup plus sensible aux traitements et aux parasites.Voyons donc ces trois années supplémentaires comme trois années pour faire évoluer les pratiques d’une filière entière, mais également comme l’occasion d’engager les agriculteurs dans de nouveaux types de cultures.Vous l’aurez compris, le groupe du [GROUPE] votera le projet de loi, parce que nous refusons l’opposition caricaturale entre gentils défenseurs de l’environnement et méchants agriculteurs pollueurs, parce que nous essayons depuis toujours de favoriser le dialogue et la compréhension mutuelle et parce que nous sommes favorables à l’évolution des pratiques agricoles, qui, chers collègues de l’opposition, est plus à l’œuvre que vous ne le pensez ! (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE], Dem et Agir ens.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270573",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270573"
   ],
   "order": 54,
   "text": "Ce matin, nous avons entamé les débats en soulignant que cette journée particulière demandait un peu de profondeur et de hauteur de vue. J’avoue être un peu blessé par des oppositions binaires entre écologie et production, écologie et économie. Nous pourrions éviter ce genre de procès, particulièrement aujourd’hui.Cher Antoine Herth, nous venons de la même région ; nous avons usé nos fonds de culotte sur les bancs du même lycée agricole. Comment pouvez-vous imaginer une seconde que je ne sois pas habité, autant que vous, par le sort des 25 000 planteurs de betteraves et des 15 000 ouvriers du transport et des industries sucrières ? Comment pouvez-vous l’imaginer, monsieur le président de la CMP ? Ne rabaissons pas le débat politique s’il vous plaît : nous n’en sommes pas là. M. Bruno Millienne l’a dit, il n’y a pas les bons et les méchants : il y a des voies différentes.Permettez que dans le respect de chacun des travailleurs de la terre, dans le respect de notre intérêt commun –⁠ notre capital vie qu’est la biodiversité –, nous ayons un débat au lieu de nous lancer des anathèmes. Écoutons ce que les uns et les autres ont à se dire.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 201,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270573",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7d9f01d875c1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce matin, nous avons entamé les débats en soulignant que cette journée particulière demandait un peu de profondeur et de hauteur de vue. J’avoue être un peu blessé par des oppositions binaires entre écologie et production, écologie et économie. Nous pourrions éviter ce genre de procès, particulièrement aujourd’hui.Cher [PERSONNE], nous venons de la même région ; nous avons usé nos fonds de culotte sur les bancs du même lycée agricole. Comment pouvez-vous imaginer une seconde que je ne sois pas habité, autant que vous, par le sort des 25 000 planteurs de betteraves et des 15 000 ouvriers du transport et des industries sucrières ? Comment pouvez-vous l’imaginer, monsieur le président de la CMP ? Ne rabaissons pas le débat politique s’il vous plaît : nous n’en sommes pas là. M. [PERSONNE] l’a dit, il n’y a pas les bons et les méchants : il y a des voies différentes.Permettez que dans le respect de chacun des travailleurs de la terre, dans le respect de notre intérêt commun –⁠ notre capital vie qu’est la biodiversité –, nous ayons un débat au lieu de nous lancer des anathèmes. Écoutons ce que les uns et les autres ont à se dire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
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   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270578",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270578"
   ],
   "order": 56,
   "text": "Écoutez-moi, pendant les trois minutes que j’ai pour vous convaincre ; écoutez-moi vous dire qu’il existe un plan B pour la betterave, lequel ne passe pas par la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes. C’est l’occasion d’une transition vers des mentions valorisantes sur le plan commercial, qui nous distinguent dans le marché mondial du sucre. Cela peut être l’occasion d’organiser cette filière selon trois niveaux de solidarité : une solidarité horizontale d’abord, grâce à la création d’une organisation de producteurs –⁠ il n’en n’existe pas aujourd’hui – dans les principales régions productrices, avec une contribution volontaire obligatoire –⁠ CVO – et la mobilisation du FNGRA –⁠ Fonds national de gestion des risques en agriculture – et du FMSE –⁠ Fonds national agricole de mutualisation sanitaire et environnemental. Sans entrer dans les détails, nous avions toutes les mécaniques nécessaires et tout le loisir d’organiser une solidarité horizontale entre les producteurs, qui ne souffrent pas tous de la même manière ni au même moment.Nous avions surtout l’opportunité extraordinaire de recréer une solidarité verticale dans la filière. Faut-il rappeler les chiffres ? L’industrie agroalimentaire est la grande bénéficiaire de l’effondrement des cours du sucre après le mouvement de libéralisation. Prenons un seul exemple, celui des sodas ; les industriels du secteur ont acheté leur sucre quand le prix de la betterave est passé de 40 à 20 euros par tonne et celui du sucre de 600 à 300 euros par tonne. Sur 2 millions de tonnes, cela représente un gain de 600 millions d’euros.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
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   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270578",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9e4fda51d1b2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Écoutez-moi, pendant les trois minutes que j’ai pour vous convaincre ; écoutez-moi vous dire qu’il existe un plan B pour la betterave, lequel ne passe pas par la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes. C’est l’occasion d’une transition vers des mentions valorisantes sur le plan commercial, qui nous distinguent dans le marché mondial du sucre. Cela peut être l’occasion d’organiser cette filière selon trois niveaux de solidarité : une solidarité horizontale d’abord, grâce à la création d’une organisation de producteurs –⁠ il n’en n’existe pas aujourd’hui – dans les principales régions productrices, avec une contribution volontaire obligatoire –⁠ CVO – et la mobilisation du FNGRA –⁠ Fonds national de gestion des risques en agriculture – et du FMSE –⁠ Fonds national agricole de mutualisation sanitaire et environnemental. Sans entrer dans les détails, nous avions toutes les mécaniques nécessaires et tout le loisir d’organiser une solidarité horizontale entre les producteurs, qui ne souffrent pas tous de la même manière ni au même moment.Nous avions surtout l’opportunité extraordinaire de recréer une solidarité verticale dans la filière. Faut-il rappeler les chiffres ? L’industrie agroalimentaire est la grande bénéficiaire de l’effondrement des cours du sucre après le mouvement de libéralisation. Prenons un seul exemple, celui des sodas ; les industriels du secteur ont acheté leur sucre quand le prix de la betterave est passé de 40 à 20 euros par tonne et celui du sucre de 600 à 300 euros par tonne. Sur 2 millions de tonnes, cela représente un gain de 600 millions d’euros."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270667",
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   ],
   "order": 58,
   "text": "En en récupérant simplement la moitié, pendant un, deux ou trois ans, grâce à une taxe exceptionnelle, nous aurions eu de quoi financer les pertes estimées à 100 millions pour les producteurs, 100 millions pour l’industrie agroalimentaire et autant pour l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Nous avions estimé à 300 millions les pertes dans les années noires ; nous pouvions les financer uniquement avec la moitié de la plus-value de l’industrie agroalimentaire.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270667",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N288b40f11aad",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En en récupérant simplement la moitié, pendant un, deux ou trois ans, grâce à une taxe exceptionnelle, nous aurions eu de quoi financer les pertes estimées à 100 millions pour les producteurs, 100 millions pour l’industrie agroalimentaire et autant pour l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Nous avions estimé à 300 millions les pertes dans les années noires ; nous pouvions les financer uniquement avec la moitié de la plus-value de l’industrie agroalimentaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270581",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270581"
   ],
   "order": 60,
   "text": "Lorsqu’on dit cela, est-ce qu’on méprise les travailleurs de la terre et l’économie de la filière ? Monsieur le ministre, allez-vous plaider pour que le sucre soit inscrit dans la réforme de l’organisation commune des marchés, qui nous permet de nous protéger des vents mauvais du libéralisme mondial et du moins-disant ? Admettez-vous qu’avec 300 millions issus d’une taxe exceptionnelle dans la filière, une CVO, une organisation de producteurs et une réforme de l’OCM –⁠ organisation commune du marché –, nous avons largement les moyens d’engager la réforme agroécologique que nous connaissons et que nous partageons ?C’est la passion qui parle. Si nous avions le temps, nous pourrions parler d’écologie chimique, de génie végétal, d’aphicides de nouvelle génération, etc. Nous pourrions parler surtout de mosaïques paysagères, bref, de tous les instruments systémiques qui permettent à la betterave, comme à d’autres cultures, d’entrer dans le XXIe siècle et sur les marchés du futur, et de faire prospérer les valeurs et les normes sociales et environnementales de la France et de l’Europe.Il y avait un plan B, nous y avons travaillé. Vous ne pouvez pas le mépriser et l’écarter d’un revers de main. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes SOC et GDR.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 200,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270581",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na462cc4fd7e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsqu’on dit cela, est-ce qu’on méprise les travailleurs de la terre et l’économie de la filière ? Monsieur le ministre, allez-vous plaider pour que le sucre soit inscrit dans la réforme de l’organisation commune des marchés, qui nous permet de nous protéger des vents mauvais du libéralisme mondial et du moins-disant ? Admettez-vous qu’avec 300 millions issus d’une taxe exceptionnelle dans la filière, une CVO, une organisation de producteurs et une réforme de l’OCM –⁠ organisation commune du marché –, nous avons largement les moyens d’engager la réforme agroécologique que nous connaissons et que nous partageons ?C’est la passion qui parle. Si nous avions le temps, nous pourrions parler d’écologie chimique, de génie végétal, d’aphicides de nouvelle génération, etc. Nous pourrions parler surtout de mosaïques paysagères, bref, de tous les instruments systémiques qui permettent à la betterave, comme à d’autres cultures, d’entrer dans le XXIe siècle et sur les marchés du futur, et de faire prospérer les valeurs et les normes sociales et environnementales de la France et de l’Europe.Il y avait un plan B, nous y avons travaillé. Vous ne pouvez pas le mépriser et l’écarter d’un revers de main. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270584",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270584"
   ],
   "order": 62,
   "text": "C’est dans un contexte très particulier que nous achevons l’examen de ce texte, issu de l’accord trouvé par la commission mixte paritaire. Il permettra d’autoriser des dérogations à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes pour les betteraves sucrières.Face aux très nombreux courriels qui ont envahi nos messageries, contenant trop de contre-vérités, je veux redire les choses clairement : oui, ce texte réautorise l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semence pour la betterave sucrière durant les trois prochaines années. Oui, les néonicotinoïdes ne seront réautorisés que pour la betterave sucrière.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270584",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb418378f026a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est dans un contexte très particulier que nous achevons l’examen de ce texte, issu de l’accord trouvé par la commission mixte paritaire. Il permettra d’autoriser des dérogations à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes pour les betteraves sucrières.Face aux très nombreux courriels qui ont envahi nos messageries, contenant trop de contre-vérités, je veux redire les choses clairement : oui, ce texte réautorise l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semence pour la betterave sucrière durant les trois prochaines années. Oui, les néonicotinoïdes ne seront réautorisés que pour la betterave sucrière."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270587",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270587"
   ],
   "order": 64,
   "text": "Pas sur le maïs ni les arbres fruitiers, mais uniquement pour la culture de la betterave sucrière et uniquement en enrobage de semence. Nous nous en félicitons.Non, nous ne mettons absolument pas en danger la santé des consommateurs : il est absolument faux que le sucre alimentaire contiendrait des néonicotinoïdes ! Non, le sacrifice de notre filière sucrière n’amènera pas les Français à cesser de consommer du sucre. Et non, en permettant cette dérogation, ni les parlementaires ni le ministre ne deviennent des tueurs en série d’abeilles et d’insectes pollinisateurs. Au reste, aucun d’entre nous ne remet en cause la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes pour la biodiversité.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 106,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270587",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N070815d1c668",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Pas sur le maïs ni les arbres fruitiers, mais uniquement pour la culture de la betterave sucrière et uniquement en enrobage de semence. Nous nous en félicitons.Non, nous ne mettons absolument pas en danger la santé des consommateurs : il est absolument faux que le sucre alimentaire contiendrait des néonicotinoïdes ! Non, le sacrifice de notre filière sucrière n’amènera pas les Français à cesser de consommer du sucre. Et non, en permettant cette dérogation, ni les parlementaires ni le ministre ne deviennent des tueurs en série d’abeilles et d’insectes pollinisateurs. Au reste, aucun d’entre nous ne remet en cause la dangerosité des néonicotinoïdes pour la biodiversité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270590",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270590"
   ],
   "order": 66,
   "text": "C’est d’ailleurs bien pour cela que la dérogation ne concerne qu’une seule filière, celle d’une plante non mellifère. Mais pour les députés du groupe Agir ensemble, une chose est claire : notre rôle ne consistera jamais à mettre une filière économique, quelle qu’elle soit, dans une impasse technique ; il devra toujours être de fixer des limites, tout en instaurant l’accompagnement nécessaire. Et c’est exactement ce que nous faisons ici : nous donnons une solution à court terme pour répondre à l’impasse technique dans laquelle se trouvent les betteraviers, avec des engagements réciproques forts.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270590",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc746c7d7ac38",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est d’ailleurs bien pour cela que la dérogation ne concerne qu’une seule filière, celle d’une plante non mellifère. Mais pour les députés du groupe [GROUPE], une chose est claire : notre rôle ne consistera jamais à mettre une filière économique, quelle qu’elle soit, dans une impasse technique ; il devra toujours être de fixer des limites, tout en instaurant l’accompagnement nécessaire. Et c’est exactement ce que nous faisons ici : nous donnons une solution à court terme pour répondre à l’impasse technique dans laquelle se trouvent les betteraviers, avec des engagements réciproques forts."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270592",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270592"
   ],
   "order": 68,
   "text": "Et puis, soyons honnêtes, quelles seraient les conséquences du maintien de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pour la betterave sucrière ? Une propagation du virus de la jaunisse dans les champs, des planteurs qui se tournent vers une autre production, une chute vertigineuse de production. Tout simplement, nous laisserions le marché mondial du sucre à d’autres producteurs. Lesquels ? Nos voisins européens, qui maintiennent cette dérogation pour la betterave, ou pire, l’Inde ou l’Amérique du Sud. Ai-je besoin d’expliquer combien leurs méthodes de production et leur utilisation des produits phytosanitaires sont totalement déraisonnables et nettement plus néfastes pour l’environnement et la planète ? On ne peut pas faire de l’écologie et de la préservation de la biodiversité en étant aveugle à ce qui se passe dans le monde !Quelles seraient les autres conséquences ? La fermeture des sucreries, la disparition de milliers d’emplois dans les territoires ruraux, une chute brutale de production de biocarburants, la mise en péril de la filière luzerne pourtant si bénéfique à l’environnement et à la biodiversité. L’impact environnemental serait finalement bien plus néfaste ! Nous devons mener les combats pour l’écologie et la préservation de la biodiversité et de la ressource en eau de façon intelligente. Mais surtout, ces combats, nous devons les mener avec les agriculteurs et certainement pas contre eux.Je le constate chaque jour dans mon département de la Marne : les agriculteurs innovent et s’engagent pour améliorer leurs pratiques et préserver la biodiversité.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 239,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270592",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N414fc2b069e8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Et puis, soyons honnêtes, quelles seraient les conséquences du maintien de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes pour la betterave sucrière ? Une propagation du virus de la jaunisse dans les champs, des planteurs qui se tournent vers une autre production, une chute vertigineuse de production. Tout simplement, nous laisserions le marché mondial du sucre à d’autres producteurs. Lesquels ? Nos voisins européens, qui maintiennent cette dérogation pour la betterave, ou pire, l’Inde ou l’Amérique du Sud. Ai-je besoin d’expliquer combien leurs méthodes de production et leur utilisation des produits phytosanitaires sont totalement déraisonnables et nettement plus néfastes pour l’environnement et la planète ? On ne peut pas faire de l’écologie et de la préservation de la biodiversité en étant aveugle à ce qui se passe dans le monde !Quelles seraient les autres conséquences ? La fermeture des sucreries, la disparition de milliers d’emplois dans les territoires ruraux, une chute brutale de production de biocarburants, la mise en péril de la filière luzerne pourtant si bénéfique à l’environnement et à la biodiversité. L’impact environnemental serait finalement bien plus néfaste ! Nous devons mener les combats pour l’écologie et la préservation de la biodiversité et de la ressource en eau de façon intelligente. Mais surtout, ces combats, nous devons les mener avec les agriculteurs et certainement pas contre eux.Je le constate chaque jour dans mon département de la Marne : les agriculteurs innovent et s’engagent pour améliorer leurs pratiques et préserver la biodiversité."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720230",
   "speaker": "Lise Magnier",
   "quality": "Mme Lise Magnier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270596",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270596"
   ],
   "order": 70,
   "text": "Sans biodiversité, il n’y a plus d’agriculture. Or celle-ci est bien une solution aux défis climatiques, environnementaux, énergétiques et alimentaires qui émergent. Preuve en est, les agriculteurs tiennent et nous permettent de tenir face à la crise majeure que nous traversons ; nous leur devons tant.Avant de conclure, je tiens à saluer le travail du rapporteur ainsi que celui de la CMP, qui a permis d’aboutir à une définition précise et claire du conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche, et du développement d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Grâce à ce conseil, nous bénéficierons d’un suivi et d’une évaluation trimestriels de la situation, et connaîtrons l’état d’avancement du plan de prévention proposé par la filière concernée.Je vous remercie à nouveau, monsieur le ministre, d’avoir pris des décisions courageuses pour les betteraviers. Avec ce texte, la filière peut préparer l’avenir et reprendre espoir, en envisageant plus sereinement l’avenir et en préparant les semis pour le prochain printemps. Le groupe Agir ensemble s’en félicite et votera majoritairement ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 185,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270596",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nba599e430860",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sans biodiversité, il n’y a plus d’agriculture. Or celle-ci est bien une solution aux défis climatiques, environnementaux, énergétiques et alimentaires qui émergent. Preuve en est, les agriculteurs tiennent et nous permettent de tenir face à la crise majeure que nous traversons ; nous leur devons tant.Avant de conclure, je tiens à saluer le travail du rapporteur ainsi que celui de la CMP, qui a permis d’aboutir à une définition précise et claire du conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi et du contrôle de la recherche, et du développement d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Grâce à ce conseil, nous bénéficierons d’un suivi et d’une évaluation trimestriels de la situation, et connaîtrons l’état d’avancement du plan de prévention proposé par la filière concernée.Je vous remercie à nouveau, monsieur le ministre, d’avoir pris des décisions courageuses pour les betteraviers. Avec ce texte, la filière peut préparer l’avenir et reprendre espoir, en envisageant plus sereinement l’avenir et en préparant les semis pour le prochain printemps. Le groupe [GROUPE] s’en félicite et votera majoritairement ce texte. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe Agir ens et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270601",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270601"
   ],
   "order": 72,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous avez trouvé à l’Assemblée une majorité pour voter la disposition que vous proposez, permettant au Gouvernement de déroger pour trois ans à l’interdiction d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes ; vous avez aussi trouvé cette majorité au Sénat, de manière assez aisée. C’est ce qui explique qu’en commission mixte paritaire, députés et sénateurs soient arrivés à un accord.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270601",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nebfa5a8c443d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous avez trouvé à l’Assemblée une majorité pour voter la disposition que vous proposez, permettant au Gouvernement de déroger pour trois ans à l’interdiction d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes ; vous avez aussi trouvé cette majorité au Sénat, de manière assez aisée. C’est ce qui explique qu’en commission mixte paritaire, députés et sénateurs soient arrivés à un accord."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270788",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270788"
   ],
   "order": 74,
   "text": "Je confesse humblement vous faire confiance, monsieur le ministre, comme vous le savez. J’apprécie votre compétence ; vous êtes à votre place au ministère de l’agriculture.Il n’y a pas d’un côté les défenseurs de l’environnement et de l’autre ceux qui seraient insensibles à la question. Cependant, que voulez-vous, avec les années je me range parmi les députés qui ont quelques principes. Comme je l’ai exprimé dans mon explication de vote sur la motion de rejet déposée par M. Potier au nom du groupe Socialistes et apparentés, je suis gêné par la méthode. J’ai été échaudé par le dossier du glyphosate. Notre cher Président de la République, qui fait ce qu’il peut, a décrété qu’en 2021, le glyphosate serait fini. Je l’ai soutenu, et j’ai soutenu le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation de l’époque, Stéphane Travert, dans le projet d’emprunter le chemin qui devait mener à l’interdiction de l’utilisation du glyphosate en 2021.C’est très difficile et ça ne se décrète pas comme ça, d’un claquement de doigts. Malgré tout, sur le terrain, c’est nous qui devons rendre compte de nos votes. Vous demandez aux députés et aux sénateurs d’autoriser le Gouvernement à déroger à l’interdiction par voie d’arrêté. Je comprends que l’industrie de la betterave sucrière et les agriculteurs se trouvent dans une impasse. Cependant, j’aurais souhaité que la décision revienne aux parlementaires.Après avoir pris connaissance, via le ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, des différents travaux réalisés par l’institut technique de la betterave, par les industriels et par les professionnels de la filière en général, nous aurions décidé chaque année, en 2020, en 2021, peut-être en 2022 et si nécessaire en 2023, d’autoriser à déroger un an de plus à l’interdiction de faire usage de ces produits. En effet, reconnaissons-le, ils sont nocifs, même s’il s’agit de graines enrobées, et même si la betterave ne fleurit que tous les deux ans.Pourquoi fais-je état de ces interrogations ? Certaines objections n’ont pas été levées, en particulier concernant la rémanence, c’est-à-dire la persistance de résidus de néonicotinoïdes dans le sol, susceptibles d’affecter les cultures postérieures aux betteraves sucrières, et la persistance de traces dans les eaux souterraines. Lorsqu’on est sensible à l’environnement, ce qui est le cas de 99,99 % des députés qui sont ici, on pense naturellement à l’apiculture, qui offre un indicateur de bonne santé de la biodiversité. Je fais référence aux abeilles domestiques, parce qu’on prête moins attention aux abeilles sauvages, qui sont solitaires. Les apiculteurs élèvent des abeilles pour produire du miel ; ils nous expliquent que les néonicotinoïdes sont 7 000 fois plus dangereux que le DDT –⁠ dichlorodiphényltrichloroéthane –, que chaque année la mortalité des abeilles atteint 30 % et que la production de miel a été divisée par deux en vingt-cinq ans.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 458,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270788",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncf07dafa4ead",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je confesse humblement vous faire confiance, monsieur le ministre, comme vous le savez. J’apprécie votre compétence ; vous êtes à votre place au ministère de l’agriculture.Il n’y a pas d’un côté les défenseurs de l’environnement et de l’autre ceux qui seraient insensibles à la question. Cependant, que voulez-vous, avec les années je me range parmi les députés qui ont quelques principes. Comme je l’ai exprimé dans mon explication de vote sur la motion de rejet déposée par M. Potier au nom du groupe [GROUPE], je suis gêné par la méthode. J’ai été échaudé par le dossier du glyphosate. Notre cher Président de la République, qui fait ce qu’il peut, a décrété qu’en 2021, le glyphosate serait fini. Je l’ai soutenu, et j’ai soutenu le ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation de l’époque, [PERSONNE], dans le projet d’emprunter le chemin qui devait mener à l’interdiction de l’utilisation du glyphosate en 2021.C’est très difficile et ça ne se décrète pas comme ça, d’un claquement de doigts. Malgré tout, sur le terrain, c’est nous qui devons rendre compte de nos votes. Vous demandez aux députés et aux sénateurs d’autoriser le Gouvernement à déroger à l’interdiction par voie d’arrêté. Je comprends que l’industrie de la betterave sucrière et les agriculteurs se trouvent dans une impasse. Cependant, j’aurais souhaité que la décision revienne aux parlementaires.Après avoir pris connaissance, via le ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, des différents travaux réalisés par l’institut technique de la betterave, par les industriels et par les professionnels de la filière en général, nous aurions décidé chaque année, en 2020, en 2021, peut-être en 2022 et si nécessaire en 2023, d’autoriser à déroger un an de plus à l’interdiction de faire usage de ces produits. En effet, reconnaissons-le, ils sont nocifs, même s’il s’agit de graines enrobées, et même si la betterave ne fleurit que tous les deux ans.Pourquoi fais-je état de ces interrogations ? Certaines objections n’ont pas été levées, en particulier concernant la rémanence, c’est-à-dire la persistance de résidus de néonicotinoïdes dans le sol, susceptibles d’affecter les cultures postérieures aux betteraves sucrières, et la persistance de traces dans les eaux souterraines. Lorsqu’on est sensible à l’environnement, ce qui est le cas de 99,99 % des députés qui sont ici, on pense naturellement à l’apiculture, qui offre un indicateur de bonne santé de la biodiversité. Je fais référence aux abeilles domestiques, parce qu’on prête moins attention aux abeilles sauvages, qui sont solitaires. Les apiculteurs élèvent des abeilles pour produire du miel ; ils nous expliquent que les néonicotinoïdes sont 7 000 fois plus dangereux que le DDT –⁠ dichlorodiphényltrichloroéthane –, que chaque année la mortalité des abeilles atteint 30 % et que la production de miel a été divisée par deux en vingt-cinq ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270797",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270797"
   ],
   "order": 78,
   "text": "Il y a trois ou quatre semaines, je l’ai qualifié d’un mot pas très joli dans l’hémicycle, pour insister sur sa mauvaise qualité –⁠ je continue de le penser.On constate une mortalité de 300 000 ruches par an. Monsieur le ministre, parce que vous êtes ingénieur agronome, que vous êtes quelqu’un d’intelligent, nous vous faisons confiance : je souhaite que vous travailliez aussi sur la filière apicole pour élaborer un plan vigoureux de soutien aux apiculteurs –⁠ il y a urgence.Cet après-midi, nous sommes deux représentants du groupe UDI et indépendants. Je voterai contre le texte, mais je crois savoir que le député Grégory Labille votera à vos côtés pour autoriser le Gouvernement à déroger à l’interdiction. Il est nouveau, il pense que c’est bien que les députés soutiennent le Gouvernement. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe LaREM. – M. le ministre sourit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 143,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270797",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na5370e07dd83",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a trois ou quatre semaines, je l’ai qualifié d’un mot pas très joli dans l’hémicycle, pour insister sur sa mauvaise qualité –⁠ je continue de le penser.On constate une mortalité de 300 000 ruches par an. Monsieur le ministre, parce que vous êtes ingénieur agronome, que vous êtes quelqu’un d’intelligent, nous vous faisons confiance : je souhaite que vous travailliez aussi sur la filière apicole pour élaborer un plan vigoureux de soutien aux apiculteurs –⁠ il y a urgence.Cet après-midi, nous sommes deux représentants du groupe [GROUPE]. Je voterai contre le texte, mais je crois savoir que le député [PERSONNE] votera à vos côtés pour autoriser le Gouvernement à déroger à l’interdiction. Il est nouveau, il pense que c’est bien que les députés soutiennent le Gouvernement. (Exclamations sur plusieurs bancs du groupe [GROUPE]. – M. le ministre sourit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA719592",
   "speaker": "Benoit Simian",
   "quality": "M. Benoit Simian",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270803",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270803"
   ],
   "order": 82,
   "text": "Il va être difficile de faire aussi bien que monsieur Benoît !Je suis fils d’apiculteur : la déontologue de cette institution dira peut-être que je suis en conflit d’intérêts sur le sujet. J’aime les abeilles et ce qu’elles produisent ; dans ma famille, nous prenons soin des abeilles. Tout est dit, je pourrais m’arrêter là et repartir dans ma circonscription du Médoc, mais j’ai trop de respect pour nos débats démocratiques et pour la biodiversité pour en rester là.Je ne comprends pas que notre assemblée propose de revenir sur une avancée majeure du précédent quinquennat, je dirais même sur un des progrès fondamentaux de ces cinq dernières années en matière d’agroécologie.La non-régression est un principe juridique, inscrit en tête du code de l’environnement. En réintroduisant l’autorisation d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, et donc des produits phytopharmaceutiques, le Gouvernement viole ce principe. Du point de vue du législateur, ce n’est pas acceptable.Finalement, de quoi nous est-il demandé de débattre ? Sans aucun doute, du vivant. Qu’est-ce que le vivant ? Qu’est-ce que la vie ? Nous décidons de la protéger ou bien de la détruire, mais pourquoi ferions-nous cela ? Il est établi par plus de 1 000 études scientifiques que les néonicotinoïdes empoisonnent durablement ; il est prouvé qu’ils sont présents dans les eaux de ruissellement et qu’ils polluent nos nappes phréatiques ; il est démontré qu’ils ont des conséquences graves sur la faune, en multipliant par six la mortalité des colonies d’abeilles, en décimant les populations de pollinisateurs et en étant nuisibles aux oiseaux granivores. Mes chers collègues, je n’ai aucun doute que voter pour la réintroduction, c’est voter contre le vivant.Qu’est-ce que le vivant ? C’est vous, c’est moi, vos parents, vos enfants, vos petits-enfants, c’est l’air que nous respirons – même si c’est parfois difficile avec un masque –, l’eau que nous buvons, la nourriture que nous mangeons. Vous voteriez donc contre votre famille, ou contre vous-mêmes.En 2016, lors de l’examen du projet de loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, interdisant l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, à l’époque secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité, Barbara Pompili, avait bien dit que « la biodiversité est essentielle non seulement à notre qualité de vie, mais désormais, tout simplement, à la survie même de l’humanité. » Je crois qu’elle avait raison : sa phrase sonne toujours très juste. J’imagine qu’aujourd’hui elle ne se sentirait pas trahie que nous la citions ici.Ensuite se pose la question de savoir pourquoi, en responsabilité, prendre de telles décisions dont les conséquences, nous le savons, seront nuisibles au vivant, et pour longtemps. J’ai entendu vos arguments : la filière sucrière serait acculée par l’importance des pertes et de nombreux emplois seraient en jeu. Je ne minimise ni les difficultés, ni les enjeux pour la filière. J’en ai discuté avec certains collègues. La coopérative Tereos estime que les rendements de ses coopérateurs ont diminué de 12 % par rapport à la campagne de 2019-2020. Nous sommes bien loin des 50 % à 70 % avancés par le Gouvernement pour justifier la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes.Je trouve également que vous avez écarté un peu trop rapidement la solution de l’indemnisation des agriculteurs. Nous en avons déjà parlé : des fonds existent, qui pourraient soutenir la filière en attendant que la recherche trouve des produits de substitution. C’est aussi la proposition défendue par notre ancien ministre Nicolas Hulot. Réautoriser les néonicotinoïdes ne protégera pas les agriculteurs ; leur garantir une rémunération décente me semble bien plus important. Ce fut le combat de Stéphane Travert, ici présent, quand il était ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation.Et puis, disons-le franchement : l’imbroglio autour du glyphosate comme il a été dit précédemment, ne laisse pas un bon souvenir. Son interdiction a été inscrite dans la loi, puis levée, repoussée à dix ans, puis trois. Finalement, aucun texte n’est contraignant quant à l’arrêt de l’utilisation de cet herbicide.Dans ce contexte empirique, qui peut imaginer que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ne constitue une dérogation que pour une filière ? Pas grand monde, puisque d’autres filières se pressent pour bénéficier elles aussi de dérogations –⁠ elles arrivent, elles sont là, elles sont aux portes.Enfin, et à mon sens c’est très grave, vous nous présentez un texte dont l’article 2 risque fort la censure du Conseil constitutionnel, puisqu’il contient une dérogation pour une filière et crée donc une rupture d’égalité vis-à-vis des autres filières. Si cet article, du fait de son inconstitutionnalité, venait à disparaître, les candidats n’auront plus même besoin de se bousculer au portillon, il leur suffira de remercier l’ensemble des défenseurs de ce texte d’avoir réintroduit les néonicotinoïdes pour tous.Je n’aime pas opposer écologie et économie selon les termes du rapporteur. Néanmoins, il faut bien considérer que si nous votons ce texte, cela fera un point pour la finance, et zéro pointé pour le vivant.Chers collègues, une majorité du groupe Libertés et territoires, convaincue de la nécessité de s’engager vers des pratiques respectueuses de l’environnement, ne votera pas le projet de loi. (Mme Mathilde Panot applaudit.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 836,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270803",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5168b3d7554c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJQV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il va être difficile de faire aussi bien que monsieur Benoît !Je suis fils d’apiculteur : la déontologue de cette institution dira peut-être que je suis en conflit d’intérêts sur le sujet. J’aime les abeilles et ce qu’elles produisent ; dans ma famille, nous prenons soin des abeilles. Tout est dit, je pourrais m’arrêter là et repartir dans ma circonscription du Médoc, mais j’ai trop de respect pour nos débats démocratiques et pour la biodiversité pour en rester là.Je ne comprends pas que notre assemblée propose de revenir sur une avancée majeure du précédent quinquennat, je dirais même sur un des progrès fondamentaux de ces cinq dernières années en matière d’agroécologie.La non-régression est un principe juridique, inscrit en tête du code de l’environnement. En réintroduisant l’autorisation d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, et donc des produits phytopharmaceutiques, le Gouvernement viole ce principe. Du point de vue du législateur, ce n’est pas acceptable.Finalement, de quoi nous est-il demandé de débattre ? Sans aucun doute, du vivant. Qu’est-ce que le vivant ? Qu’est-ce que la vie ? Nous décidons de la protéger ou bien de la détruire, mais pourquoi ferions-nous cela ? Il est établi par plus de 1 000 études scientifiques que les néonicotinoïdes empoisonnent durablement ; il est prouvé qu’ils sont présents dans les eaux de ruissellement et qu’ils polluent nos nappes phréatiques ; il est démontré qu’ils ont des conséquences graves sur la faune, en multipliant par six la mortalité des colonies d’abeilles, en décimant les populations de pollinisateurs et en étant nuisibles aux oiseaux granivores. Mes chers collègues, je n’ai aucun doute que voter pour la réintroduction, c’est voter contre le vivant.Qu’est-ce que le vivant ? C’est vous, c’est moi, vos parents, vos enfants, vos petits-enfants, c’est l’air que nous respirons – même si c’est parfois difficile avec un masque –, l’eau que nous buvons, la nourriture que nous mangeons. Vous voteriez donc contre votre famille, ou contre vous-mêmes.En 2016, lors de l’examen du projet de loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, interdisant l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, à l’époque secrétaire d’État chargée de la biodiversité, [PERSONNE], avait bien dit que « la biodiversité est essentielle non seulement à notre qualité de vie, mais désormais, tout simplement, à la survie même de l’humanité. » Je crois qu’elle avait raison : sa phrase sonne toujours très juste. J’imagine qu’aujourd’hui elle ne se sentirait pas trahie que nous la citions ici.Ensuite se pose la question de savoir pourquoi, en responsabilité, prendre de telles décisions dont les conséquences, nous le savons, seront nuisibles au vivant, et pour longtemps. J’ai entendu vos arguments : la filière sucrière serait acculée par l’importance des pertes et de nombreux emplois seraient en jeu. Je ne minimise ni les difficultés, ni les enjeux pour la filière. J’en ai discuté avec certains collègues. La coopérative Tereos estime que les rendements de ses coopérateurs ont diminué de 12 % par rapport à la campagne de 2019-2020. Nous sommes bien loin des 50 % à 70 % avancés par le Gouvernement pour justifier la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes.Je trouve également que vous avez écarté un peu trop rapidement la solution de l’indemnisation des agriculteurs. Nous en avons déjà parlé : des fonds existent, qui pourraient soutenir la filière en attendant que la recherche trouve des produits de substitution. C’est aussi la proposition défendue par notre ancien ministre [PERSONNE]. Réautoriser les néonicotinoïdes ne protégera pas les agriculteurs ; leur garantir une rémunération décente me semble bien plus important. Ce fut le combat de [PERSONNE], ici présent, quand il était ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation.Et puis, disons-le franchement : l’imbroglio autour du glyphosate comme il a été dit précédemment, ne laisse pas un bon souvenir. Son interdiction a été inscrite dans la loi, puis levée, repoussée à dix ans, puis trois. Finalement, aucun texte n’est contraignant quant à l’arrêt de l’utilisation de cet herbicide.Dans ce contexte empirique, qui peut imaginer que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ne constitue une dérogation que pour une filière ? Pas grand monde, puisque d’autres filières se pressent pour bénéficier elles aussi de dérogations –⁠ elles arrivent, elles sont là, elles sont aux portes.Enfin, et à mon sens c’est très grave, vous nous présentez un texte dont l’article 2 risque fort la censure du Conseil constitutionnel, puisqu’il contient une dérogation pour une filière et crée donc une rupture d’égalité vis-à-vis des autres filières. Si cet article, du fait de son inconstitutionnalité, venait à disparaître, les candidats n’auront plus même besoin de se bousculer au portillon, il leur suffira de remercier l’ensemble des défenseurs de ce texte d’avoir réintroduit les néonicotinoïdes pour tous.Je n’aime pas opposer écologie et économie selon les termes du rapporteur. Néanmoins, il faut bien considérer que si nous votons ce texte, cela fera un point pour la finance, et zéro pointé pour le vivant.Chers collègues, une majorité du groupe [GROUPE], convaincue de la nécessité de s’engager vers des pratiques respectueuses de l’environnement, ne votera pas le projet de loi. (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270820",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270820"
   ],
   "order": 84,
   "text": "Nous savions, vous saviez, ils savaient –⁠ comme pour l’amiante. Les dangers de l’amiante ont été découverts dès 1927, mais c’est seulement en 1997 que l’amiante a été interdite en France, soit soixante-dix années après. On peut encore en trouver dans les écoles et dans des logements. L’amiante est responsable chaque année de 3 000 à 4 000 maladies professionnelles, 100 000 personnes en meurent chaque année dans le monde, entre 50 000 et 100 000 morts seront attribués à l’amiante en France d’ici à 2025.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270820",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3bcb5cc25756",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous savions, vous saviez, ils savaient –⁠ comme pour l’amiante. Les dangers de l’amiante ont été découverts dès 1927, mais c’est seulement en 1997 que l’amiante a été interdite en France, soit soixante-dix années après. On peut encore en trouver dans les écoles et dans des logements. L’amiante est responsable chaque année de 3 000 à 4 000 maladies professionnelles, 100 000 personnes en meurent chaque année dans le monde, entre 50 000 et 100 000 morts seront attribués à l’amiante en France d’ici à 2025."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270822",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270822"
   ],
   "order": 86,
   "text": "Nous savions, vous saviez, ils savaient, mais ils ont donné aux entreprises des permis de tuer –⁠ comme pour le chlordécone. Celui-ci a été interdit aux États-Unis pour sa dangerosité, dès 1976. Autorisé en France en 1972, il a été utilisé jusqu’en 1992. Aux Antilles, une dérogation a permis qu’on s’en serve jusqu’en 1993. Résultat, en Guadeloupe 90 % des habitants sont contaminés au chlordécone, les sols et les eaux sont empoisonnés pour 700 ans, dans les Antilles, le taux de cancer de la prostate est le plus élevé au monde.Nous savions, vous saviez, ils savaient, mais ils ont donné aux entreprises des permis de tuer –⁠ comme pour le glyphosate. L’exposition au glyphosate augmente le risque de cancer de 40 %. Paul François, agriculteur empoisonné, vient de gagner définitivement son procès contre Monsanto, au terme d’une lutte qui a duré des années. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.) Emmanuel Macron avait promis qu’il interdirait le glyphosate trois ans après son arrivée à l’Élysée. Nous avions déposé des amendements pour l’interdire : refusés. Vous n’avez toujours pas interdit le glyphosate. Nous savons, vous savez, mais vous donnez aux entreprises des permis de tuer. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.)Pour les néonicotinoïdes, même rengaine. En 2016 déjà, Barbara Pompili savait, elle connaissait parfaitement les dangers de ces pesticides sur la biodiversité, sur la qualité des sols, de l’eau, sur la santé humaine et le développement des cerveaux des jeunes enfants. Nous savons, et vous savez, la rémanence de ces pesticides dans le sol, dans les nappes phréatiques, leur dispersion sur toutes les cultures, y compris sur les plantes et la flore sauvages. Nous savons, et vous savez, que 80 % des insectes européens ont disparu en trente ans et que nos pratiques agro-industrielles sont la première cause de ce déclin.Nous savons, et vous savez,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 305,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270822",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndf51eb673129",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous savions, vous saviez, ils savaient, mais ils ont donné aux entreprises des permis de tuer –⁠ comme pour le chlordécone. Celui-ci a été interdit aux États-Unis pour sa dangerosité, dès 1976. Autorisé en France en 1972, il a été utilisé jusqu’en 1992. Aux Antilles, une dérogation a permis qu’on s’en serve jusqu’en 1993. Résultat, en Guadeloupe 90 % des habitants sont contaminés au chlordécone, les sols et les eaux sont empoisonnés pour 700 ans, dans les Antilles, le taux de cancer de la prostate est le plus élevé au monde.Nous savions, vous saviez, ils savaient, mais ils ont donné aux entreprises des permis de tuer –⁠ comme pour le glyphosate. L’exposition au glyphosate augmente le risque de cancer de 40 %. Paul François, agriculteur empoisonné, vient de gagner définitivement son procès contre Monsanto, au terme d’une lutte qui a duré des années. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.) [PERSONNE] avait promis qu’il interdirait le glyphosate trois ans après son arrivée à l’Élysée. Nous avions déposé des amendements pour l’interdire : refusés. Vous n’avez toujours pas interdit le glyphosate. Nous savons, vous savez, mais vous donnez aux entreprises des permis de tuer. (Exclamations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].)Pour les néonicotinoïdes, même rengaine. En 2016 déjà, [PERSONNE] savait, elle connaissait parfaitement les dangers de ces pesticides sur la biodiversité, sur la qualité des sols, de l’eau, sur la santé humaine et le développement des cerveaux des jeunes enfants. Nous savons, et vous savez, la rémanence de ces pesticides dans le sol, dans les nappes phréatiques, leur dispersion sur toutes les cultures, y compris sur les plantes et la flore sauvages. Nous savons, et vous savez, que 80 % des insectes européens ont disparu en trente ans et que nos pratiques agro-industrielles sont la première cause de ce déclin.Nous savons, et vous savez,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2271007",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2271007"
   ],
   "order": 88,
   "text": "…que les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées –⁠ elles ont diminué de 37 % dans l’Union européenne en quelques années – et que des résistances aux néonicotinoïdes se développent de plus en plus.Nous savons, et vous savez,…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2271007",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na2b7d5806c66",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…que les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées –⁠ elles ont diminué de 37 % dans l’Union européenne en quelques années – et que des résistances aux néonicotinoïdes se développent de plus en plus.Nous savons, et vous savez,…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2271013",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2271013"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "…que cette réautorisation ne réglera pas le problème, que tout a commencé en 2017, au moment de la fin des quotas sucriers dans l’Union européenne – le cours du sucre a alors chuté de 50 %. Ce pesticide n’empêchera donc en rien la fermeture des sucreries, mais signifiera le pire pour les apiculteurs.Comme Barbara Pompili l’affirmait il y a quatre ans, nous ne pourrons pas dire que nous ne savions pas. Oui, vous connaissez les conséquences de l’adoption d’un tel projet de loi, mais vous le soutenez bec et ongles. Durant son examen, vous n’avez eu de cesse d’insulter l’opposition, de la repeindre en irresponsable, de nous faire endosser votre inconscience face aux enjeux qu’une telle réautorisation recouvre.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 118,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2271013",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N89a73909eb65",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…que cette réautorisation ne réglera pas le problème, que tout a commencé en 2017, au moment de la fin des quotas sucriers dans l’Union européenne – le cours du sucre a alors chuté de 50 %. Ce pesticide n’empêchera donc en rien la fermeture des sucreries, mais signifiera le pire pour les apiculteurs.Comme [PERSONNE] l’affirmait il y a quatre ans, nous ne pourrons pas dire que nous ne savions pas. Oui, vous connaissez les conséquences de l’adoption d’un tel projet de loi, mais vous le soutenez bec et ongles. Durant son examen, vous n’avez eu de cesse d’insulter l’opposition, de la repeindre en irresponsable, de nous faire endosser votre inconscience face aux enjeux qu’une telle réautorisation recouvre."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270828",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270828"
   ],
   "order": 94,
   "text": "Nous l’affirmons solennellement, si ce texte était voté, nous ferons un signalement à la Haute Cour de justice pour mise en danger délibérée de la vie d’autrui. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes LaREM et Dem.– Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)En effet, voter pour ce texte, c’est voter pour l’empoisonnement généralisé de la population et de nos écosystèmes. Depuis des années, nous sommes témoins des mêmes drames, l’amiante, le glyphosate, le chlordécone, et maintenant les néonicotinoïdes. Les mêmes raisons sont invoquées : plus de croissance, plus de bénéfices, plus de marge. Cette idéologie tue ; il faut mettre un terme à la menace que le capitalisme fait peser sur nos vies. Nous savons, et vous savez, que nous comptons 400 000 cancers par an. Combien de cancers vous faudra-t-il pour interdire ces pesticides, combien de drames humains ?Avec ce projet de loi, non seulement vous jouez avec nos vies, mais vous donnez un sursis à un modèle agricole mortifère, qui nous mène au désastre. (Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe LaREM.) La crise du covid-19 a révélé au grand jour les dangers de la globalisation alimentaire et la dépendance accrue de notre agriculture au marché mondial. Un agriculteur se suicide chaque jour…",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 204,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270828",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4e3a3e61e1e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous l’affirmons solennellement, si ce texte était voté, nous ferons un signalement à la Haute Cour de justice pour mise en danger délibérée de la vie d’autrui. (Exclamations sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et Dem.– Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI.)En effet, voter pour ce texte, c’est voter pour l’empoisonnement généralisé de la population et de nos écosystèmes. Depuis des années, nous sommes témoins des mêmes drames, l’amiante, le glyphosate, le chlordécone, et maintenant les néonicotinoïdes. Les mêmes raisons sont invoquées : plus de croissance, plus de bénéfices, plus de marge. Cette idéologie tue ; il faut mettre un terme à la menace que le capitalisme fait peser sur nos vies. Nous savons, et vous savez, que nous comptons 400 000 cancers par an. Combien de cancers vous faudra-t-il pour interdire ces pesticides, combien de drames humains ?Avec ce projet de loi, non seulement vous jouez avec nos vies, mais vous donnez un sursis à un modèle agricole mortifère, qui nous mène au désastre. (Protestations sur quelques bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) La crise du covid-19 a révélé au grand jour les dangers de la globalisation alimentaire et la dépendance accrue de notre agriculture au marché mondial. Un agriculteur se suicide chaque jour…"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270835",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270835"
   ],
   "order": 97,
   "text": "…et un quart des fermes risquent de disparaître dans les cinq années à venir. Pourtant, les solutions alternatives existent. Il suffit d’une volonté politique pour décider d’une bifurcation de notre modèle agricole. (M. le rapporteur et M. Bruno Millienne protestent.) Nous pourrions créer 300 000 emplois dans l’agriculture paysanne et écologique. Nous devons revaloriser le métier de paysan, qui ne se limite pas à des machines ou à l’utilisation de pesticides.Imposons un moratoire sur l’artificialisation des sols. Limitons les marges de la grande distribution qui se gave au détriment des petits paysans. Arrêtons les accords de libre-échange à tout-va. Bref, garantissons notre souveraineté agricole et alimentaire, quoi qu’il en coûte, y compris si nous devons sortir des traités européens.Il y a des alternatives, nous le savons, vous le savez. Mais comme pour l’amiante, le chlordécone, le glyphosate, vous préférez donner aux entreprises des permis de tuer en autorisant les néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 150,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270835",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc55dc1c3f3f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "…et un quart des fermes risquent de disparaître dans les cinq années à venir. Pourtant, les solutions alternatives existent. Il suffit d’une volonté politique pour décider d’une bifurcation de notre modèle agricole. (M. le rapporteur et M. [PERSONNE] protestent.) Nous pourrions créer 300 000 emplois dans l’agriculture paysanne et écologique. Nous devons revaloriser le métier de paysan, qui ne se limite pas à des machines ou à l’utilisation de pesticides.Imposons un moratoire sur l’artificialisation des sols. Limitons les marges de la grande distribution qui se gave au détriment des petits paysans. Arrêtons les accords de libre-échange à tout-va. Bref, garantissons notre souveraineté agricole et alimentaire, quoi qu’il en coûte, y compris si nous devons sortir des traités européens.Il y a des alternatives, nous le savons, vous le savez. Mais comme pour l’amiante, le chlordécone, le glyphosate, vous préférez donner aux entreprises des permis de tuer en autorisant les néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270454",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270454"
   ],
   "order": 103,
   "text": "La CMP n’a rien changé sur le fond ; seul l’article 4 vient timidement pointer du doigt l’absolue nécessité de mettre fin aux concurrences déloyales et aux déséquilibres dans les conditions environnementales et sanitaires de production, et rappeler au bon souvenir de certains le contenu de l’article 44 de la loi ÉGALIM.Notre opposition à ce texte s’appuie certes sur l’impact environnemental et sanitaire des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi sur la véritable omerta qui règne sur la situation économique de la filière sucrière. Sur le plan environnemental, la nocivité des néonicotinoïdes pour l’environnement, les pollinisateurs, les insectes auxiliaires et la vie du sol est prouvée. Des centaines d’études scientifiques convergent et rien ne permet de les remettre sérieusement en cause –⁠ d’ailleurs, vous ne le faites pas vous-même, monsieur le ministre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et FI. – Mme Delphine Batho applaudit également.)Mais en matière d’écotoxicité de ces produits, les nouvelles connaissances sont encore plus alarmantes qu’hier : je vous invite à lire l’excellent article de Stéphane Foucart paru hier dans le journal Le Monde : il révèle les inquiétants résultats d’une étude à paraître en janvier dans la revue scientifique Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment – Agriculture, écosystèmes et environnement – conduite sur la base de prélèvements de 180 échantillons de sol en France.",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 214,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270454",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nafdd9fdc9363",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "SV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La CMP n’a rien changé sur le fond ; seul l’article 4 vient timidement pointer du doigt l’absolue nécessité de mettre fin aux concurrences déloyales et aux déséquilibres dans les conditions environnementales et sanitaires de production, et rappeler au bon souvenir de certains le contenu de l’article 44 de la loi ÉGALIM.Notre opposition à ce texte s’appuie certes sur l’impact environnemental et sanitaire des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi sur la véritable omerta qui règne sur la situation économique de la filière sucrière. Sur le plan environnemental, la nocivité des néonicotinoïdes pour l’environnement, les pollinisateurs, les insectes auxiliaires et la vie du sol est prouvée. Des centaines d’études scientifiques convergent et rien ne permet de les remettre sérieusement en cause –⁠ d’ailleurs, vous ne le faites pas vous-même, monsieur le ministre. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)Mais en matière d’écotoxicité de ces produits, les nouvelles connaissances sont encore plus alarmantes qu’hier : je vous invite à lire l’excellent article de Stéphane Foucart paru hier dans le journal Le Monde : il révèle les inquiétants résultats d’une étude à paraître en janvier dans la revue scientifique Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment – Agriculture, écosystèmes et environnement – conduite sur la base de prélèvements de 180 échantillons de sol en France."
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270563",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270563"
   ],
   "order": 105,
   "text": "L’imidaclopride, principal néonicotinoïde utilisé dont nous parlons aujourd’hui, se retrouve dans l’immense majorité des sols, et pas seulement sur des parcelles cultivées conventionnelles, mais aussi sur des prairies, des haies, et même des parcelles proches cultivées en agriculture biologique. Ces chercheurs précisent : « les taux d’imidaclopride que l’on retrouve dans les vers de terre sont faramineux », et ajoutent : « les concentrations retrouvées sont spectaculaires ». Cela remet en cause la position de l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, qui considérait l’imidaclopride comme à faible risque de bio-accumulation. Ces chercheurs ajoutent que le niveau d’exposition des vers de terre, mais aussi des autres organismes essentiels à la bonne santé du sol, entraîne fréquemment « un risque de toxicité chronique élevé ». Ils jugent la situation « très inquiétante, non seulement pour les lombrics eux-mêmes, mais pour l’intégrité des chaînes alimentaires et la santé environnementale en général ». Ils ajoutent que « pour certains oiseaux qui se nourrissent presque exclusivement de vers de terre à certaines périodes de l’année, les concentrations d’imidaclopride que nous retrouvons laissent suspecter des effets quasi létaux ». (Mme Delphine Batho applaudit.)Dispersion, bio-accumulation, toxicité chronique, contamination croisée par plusieurs molécules : voilà des connaissances toujours plus alarmantes. Et nous devrions les occulter ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et FI. – Mme Delphine Batho applaudit également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 223,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270563",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N08d790b151a5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’imidaclopride, principal néonicotinoïde utilisé dont nous parlons aujourd’hui, se retrouve dans l’immense majorité des sols, et pas seulement sur des parcelles cultivées conventionnelles, mais aussi sur des prairies, des haies, et même des parcelles proches cultivées en agriculture biologique. Ces chercheurs précisent : « les taux d’imidaclopride que l’on retrouve dans les vers de terre sont faramineux », et ajoutent : « les concentrations retrouvées sont spectaculaires ». Cela remet en cause la position de l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, qui considérait l’imidaclopride comme à faible risque de bio-accumulation. Ces chercheurs ajoutent que le niveau d’exposition des vers de terre, mais aussi des autres organismes essentiels à la bonne santé du sol, entraîne fréquemment « un risque de toxicité chronique élevé ». Ils jugent la situation « très inquiétante, non seulement pour les lombrics eux-mêmes, mais pour l’intégrité des chaînes alimentaires et la santé environnementale en général ». Ils ajoutent que « pour certains oiseaux qui se nourrissent presque exclusivement de vers de terre à certaines périodes de l’année, les concentrations d’imidaclopride que nous retrouvons laissent suspecter des effets quasi létaux ». (Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit.)Dispersion, bio-accumulation, toxicité chronique, contamination croisée par plusieurs molécules : voilà des connaissances toujours plus alarmantes. Et nous devrions les occulter ? (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI. – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051",
   "date": "2020-10-30",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "neo_2020-10-30_2",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/comptes-rendus/seance/session-ordinaire-de-2020-2021/deuxieme-seance-du-vendredi-30-octobre-2020",
   "source_file": "sources/neo_2020-10-30_2.html",
   "source_sha256": "6dad7a2a65466b8de2fb1572e8e68497176b412359619c320e6050ebeb76e480",
   "genre": "seance",
   "format": "html-seance",
   "speaker_id": "PA267306",
   "speaker": "André Chassaigne",
   "quality": "M. André Chassaigne",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270459",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2270459"
   ],
   "order": 107,
   "text": "Dans ces conditions, pensez-vous raisonnable, monsieur le ministre, de justifier votre empressement à réautoriser ces produits par l’unique argument de l’économie générale de la filière sucrière ? J’ajoute que les missions du conseil de surveillance se limiteraient à la recherche sur les alternatives agronomiques. C’est d’un conseil de surveillance de la politique stratégique et financière des trois grands groupes sucriers –⁠ Tereos, Cristal Union et l’allemand Südzucker – que nous avons besoin, car nous aurions aimé disposer, comme législateur, d’une évaluation objective de la situation économique de ces acteurs –⁠ de leur endettement, de leur stratégie, de leur volonté de maintenir l’emploi et soutenir la rémunération des producteurs.Nous aurions aimé la transparence sur les choix qui ont conduit ces deux dernières années à la suppression de quatre des vingt-cinq sucreries implantées sur le territoire national. Nous aurions aimé pouvoir discuter ici de l’impact économique précis, territoire par territoire et en fonction des pratiques, des pertes de rendement observées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI – Mme Delphine Batho applaudit également.) Nous aurions aimé discuter des outils et des moyens de compensation économique par les prix payés aux producteurs pour maintenir les surfaces cultivées. Nous aurions aimé connaître le montant des profits réalisés par l’industrie agroalimentaire en profitant de la baisse du prix du sucre. Nous aurions aimé débattre d’un régime public de gestion des risques et des aléas pour les producteurs, comme nous le proposons. Nous aurions aimé débattre de l’opportunité de restaurer une régulation européenne des volumes de production.Nous aurions aimé tout cela, mais de ces problématiques structurelles qui sont pourtant le cœur du sujet, vous ne parlez pas. Je vous le redis en toute franchise, monsieur le ministre : il n’y a pas pire signal écologique et sanitaire que celui que vous allez donner aujourd’hui. Il n’y a pas de pire politique économique que celle qui ne veut pas affronter les vrais problèmes rencontrés par la filière sucrière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes GDR et FI. – Mme Delphine Batho et M. Philippe Naillet applaudissent également.)",
   "top": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "section": "1. Mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiquesen cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 340,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "CRSANR5L15S2021O1N051-2270459",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd05aba7432ae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans ces conditions, pensez-vous raisonnable, monsieur le ministre, de justifier votre empressement à réautoriser ces produits par l’unique argument de l’économie générale de la filière sucrière ? J’ajoute que les missions du conseil de surveillance se limiteraient à la recherche sur les alternatives agronomiques. C’est d’un conseil de surveillance de la politique stratégique et financière des trois grands groupes sucriers –⁠ Tereos, Cristal Union et l’allemand Südzucker – que nous avons besoin, car nous aurions aimé disposer, comme législateur, d’une évaluation objective de la situation économique de ces acteurs –⁠ de leur endettement, de leur stratégie, de leur volonté de maintenir l’emploi et soutenir la rémunération des producteurs.Nous aurions aimé la transparence sur les choix qui ont conduit ces deux dernières années à la suppression de quatre des vingt-cinq sucreries implantées sur le territoire national. Nous aurions aimé pouvoir discuter ici de l’impact économique précis, territoire par territoire et en fonction des pratiques, des pertes de rendement observées. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe FI – Mme [PERSONNE] applaudit également.) Nous aurions aimé discuter des outils et des moyens de compensation économique par les prix payés aux producteurs pour maintenir les surfaces cultivées. Nous aurions aimé connaître le montant des profits réalisés par l’industrie agroalimentaire en profitant de la baisse du prix du sucre. Nous aurions aimé débattre d’un régime public de gestion des risques et des aléas pour les producteurs, comme nous le proposons. Nous aurions aimé débattre de l’opportunité de restaurer une régulation européenne des volumes de production.Nous aurions aimé tout cela, mais de ces problématiques structurelles qui sont pourtant le cœur du sujet, vous ne parlez pas. Je vous le redis en toute franchise, monsieur le ministre : il n’y a pas pire signal écologique et sanitaire que celui que vous allez donner aujourd’hui. Il n’y a pas de pire politique économique que celle qui ne veut pas affronter les vrais problèmes rencontrés par la filière sucrière. (Applaudissements sur les bancs des groupes [GROUPE] et FI. – Mme [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] applaudissent également.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne, président",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p253",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "253"
   ],
   "order": 253,
   "text": "Nous examinons ce matin la proposition de loi visant à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS) qui sera discutée en séance publique le jeudi 4 avril, dans le cadre de la journée de niche du groupe écologiste",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 43,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p253",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nf5c3fb797bcc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous examinons ce matin la proposition de loi visant à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS) qui sera discutée en séance publique le jeudi 4 avril, dans le cadre de la journée de niche du groupe [GROUPE]"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p254",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "254",
    "255",
    "256",
    "257",
    "258",
    "259",
    "260",
    "261",
    "262",
    "263",
    "264"
   ],
   "order": 254,
   "text": "Je suis heureux de vous soumettre une proposition de loi sur les PFAS, ces substances que vous connaissez peut-être mieux sous le nom de polluants éternels. Commençons avec un constat éloquent : il y a un peu plus de cinquante ans, cette réunion n’aurait pas eu de sens. Les substances dont nous allons discuter, ces molécules constituées de carbone et de fluor, sont le produit, extrêmement récent à l’échelle de l’humanité, de la créativité de quelques industriels du XXe siècle. Nos parents ou nos grands-parents ne risquaient pas, dans leur jeunesse, de trouver dans le commerce une poêle, un imperméable ou un rouge à lèvres garnis de PFAS. Ils avaient pourtant toutes et tous le loisir de cuisiner des omelettes, de marcher sous la pluie ou de se maquiller. Garder ce constat à l’esprit nous permettra d’aborder sereinement nos débats et d’examiner avec un regard plus aiguisé les dispositions que j’ai l’honneur de soumettre à votre sagacité Le terme de PFAS désigne un ensemble de familles de substances chimiques qui regroupent chacune plusieurs combinaisons d’atomes que l’on ne trouve pas à l’état naturel. Il existe aujourd’hui environ 12 000 de ces polluants éternels. Ils ont en commun une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor qui leur confère des propriétés très recherchées dans l’industrie. Les PFAS sont stables sous de très fortes chaleurs, imperméables, repoussent les graisses et ont des propriétés antitaches et antiadhésives – chacun pensera à certaines poêles de cuisson, mais il y a des centaines d’autres exemples. Le revers de ces qualités, c’est que ces composés ne se dégradent pas, ou très peu, dans l’environnement. Ils s’infiltrent dans les sols, dans l’eau, dans l’air et dans les tissus organiques – ceux des hommes, des animaux et des plantes. Les PFAS sont donc à l’origine d’une pollution systémique, dans certains cas éternelle. Il est donc impossible, pour nous comme pour tous les êtres vivants, d’échapper à une exposition croissante à ces substances : plus on en produit, plus on est exposé. Ces polluants éternels ont même été retrouvés dans le sang d’ours polaires, ce qui témoigne de leur mobilité. Aucun territoire sur la planète n’est épargné. Or, une fois dans l’organisme, il est difficile de s’en débarrasser : leurs propriétés chimiques les mettent hors de portée de l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader et favoriser leur élimination. Cette exposition subie, massive, est extrêmement grave car ces substances présentent un risque sérieux pour la santé. Les risques pathologiques les plus importants, documentés par de nombreuses études scientifiques, sont une altération de la fertilité, des maladies thyroïdiennes, des taux élevés de cholestérol, des lésions au foie, des cancers du rein et des testicules, une réponse réduite aux vaccins ou de faibles poids à la naissance. Nous faisons donc face à un problème sanitaire d’une gravité inédite. La portée de ce scandale, et je mesure l’ampleur de la comparaison, est de l’ordre du désastre du chlordécone et des ravages de l’amiante. Sans anticiper sur les débats que nous aurons ce matin, et au vu de ce constat, je crois que nous pourrons nous accorder pour dire que le texte que je vous propose est mesuré et raisonnable. Ses dispositions s’inscrivent dans la continuité de travaux entrepris par plusieurs de nos collègues : dans le cadre de notre commission, d’abord, avec la table ronde sur les PFAS organisée par le président Zulesi en début d’année dernière, mais aussi avec la proposition de loi de David Taupiac, qui constitue, à ma connaissance, le premier texte soumis à la représentation nationale sur les polluants éternels – nous n’avons pu, malheureusement, en achever l’examen en séance publique. Je relève enfin, hors de notre commission, le rapport sur le sujet que le député Cyrille Isaac-Sibille a remis au Gouvernement il y a quelques semaines. La première mesure que je vous propose d’adopter vise à limiter à la source la pollution aux PFAS, en décidant de restrictions à leur utilisation échelonnées dans le temps, selon la disponibilité des alternatives. Je proposerai par amendement d’agir dès 2026 sur les usages pour lesquels ces alternatives existent : les produits destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires, les cosmétiques, le fart et les textiles. Et je proposerai de poser pour 2027 le principe de l’interdiction des PFAS, sauf pour les cas où leur usage serait essentiel. Certains me rappelleront qu’un projet de restriction des PFAS est en cours au niveau européen. Si ce projet est nécessaire, il n’est pas suffisant. Je le soutiens pleinement, mais je ne m’en contente pas. La procédure sera longue. Lorsque l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (ECHA) aura terminé son travail, en 2026 ou en 2027, la proposition de restriction sera soumise aux États membres : qui peut prédire quelle sera alors la position de chacun de nos partenaires européens ? Je vous propose donc, tout comme le député Isaac-Sibille dans les recommandations 10 et 11 de son rapport, de prendre des mesures anticipées, au niveau national, pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens. Sur les premières restrictions, j’ai la volonté de trouver un compromis, compte tenu des auditions que nous avons eues et des positions exprimées par les différents groupes politiques. Même si je reste pleinement convaincu qu’il faut agir vite et largement pour couper le robinet de la pollution, j’ai déposé un amendement de compromis que nous examinerons au début de la discussion, qui vise à ne cibler que les produits identifiés dans le rapport de Cyrille Isaac-Sibille. J’espère que nous pourrons nous rejoindre sur cette rédaction. Deuxième mesure, je propose que dès la promulgation de la loi, les PFAS soient pris en compte dans le contrôle sanitaire de la qualité de l’eau potable. Cette disposition va au‑devant de la réglementation actuelle et de la directive européenne relative à la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine. Elle permet de ne pas attendre le 1er janvier 2026 et rend obligatoire la recherche de l’ensemble des PFAS détectables. La mesure pourrait également inciter les laboratoires d’analyse à approfondir les techniques permettant de détecter de nouveaux PFAS – je vous rappelle que le droit européen ne nous obligera à rechercher qu’une vingtaine d’entre eux. La liste européenne, incomplète, n’inclut pas par exemple le TFA (acide trifluoroacétique) pourtant retrouvé massivement autour de Salindres, dans le Gard. Le deuxième article introduit une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau, afin que les industriels à l’origine de la pollution contribuent financièrement à la dépollution, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. J’insiste sur le coût que va représenter la pollution aux PFAS pour nos collectivités. Dès l’entrée en vigueur du contrôle de la présence des PFAS dans l’eau, nombre de nos communes connaîtront des dépassements de la norme réglementaire. Nos collectivités devront alors consentir des investissements massifs pour traiter l’eau. La redevance que je vous propose est un premier levier pour anticiper ce mur d’investissement. J’espère que nous serons nombreux à nous retrouver sur cette disposition, déjà suggérée dans l’excellent rapport d’information de nos collègues Yannick Haury et Vincent Descœur sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique. Nous avons l’occasion d’engager aujourd’hui une avancée dans la lutte contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. Je sais que nous sommes observés, que certains attendent beaucoup de cette proposition de loi et j’espère que nous saurons être à la hauteur. Sur ces sujets, chaque année de perdue se compte, hélas, en vies humaines.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
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   "case": "pfas",
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis heureux de vous soumettre une proposition de loi sur les PFAS, ces substances que vous connaissez peut-être mieux sous le nom de polluants éternels. Commençons avec un constat éloquent : il y a un peu plus de cinquante ans, cette réunion n’aurait pas eu de sens. Les substances dont nous allons discuter, ces molécules constituées de carbone et de fluor, sont le produit, extrêmement récent à l’échelle de l’humanité, de la créativité de quelques industriels du XXe siècle. Nos parents ou nos grands-parents ne risquaient pas, dans leur jeunesse, de trouver dans le commerce une poêle, un imperméable ou un rouge à lèvres garnis de PFAS. Ils avaient pourtant toutes et tous le loisir de cuisiner des omelettes, de marcher sous la pluie ou de se maquiller. Garder ce constat à l’esprit nous permettra d’aborder sereinement nos débats et d’examiner avec un regard plus aiguisé les dispositions que j’ai l’honneur de soumettre à votre sagacité Le terme de PFAS désigne un ensemble de familles de substances chimiques qui regroupent chacune plusieurs combinaisons d’atomes que l’on ne trouve pas à l’état naturel. Il existe aujourd’hui environ 12 000 de ces polluants éternels. Ils ont en commun une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor qui leur confère des propriétés très recherchées dans l’industrie. Les PFAS sont stables sous de très fortes chaleurs, imperméables, repoussent les graisses et ont des propriétés antitaches et antiadhésives – chacun pensera à certaines poêles de cuisson, mais il y a des centaines d’autres exemples. Le revers de ces qualités, c’est que ces composés ne se dégradent pas, ou très peu, dans l’environnement. Ils s’infiltrent dans les sols, dans l’eau, dans l’air et dans les tissus organiques – ceux des hommes, des animaux et des plantes. Les PFAS sont donc à l’origine d’une pollution systémique, dans certains cas éternelle. Il est donc impossible, pour nous comme pour tous les êtres vivants, d’échapper à une exposition croissante à ces substances : plus on en produit, plus on est exposé. Ces polluants éternels ont même été retrouvés dans le sang d’ours polaires, ce qui témoigne de leur mobilité. Aucun territoire sur la planète n’est épargné. Or, une fois dans l’organisme, il est difficile de s’en débarrasser : leurs propriétés chimiques les mettent hors de portée de l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader et favoriser leur élimination. Cette exposition subie, massive, est extrêmement grave car ces substances présentent un risque sérieux pour la santé. Les risques pathologiques les plus importants, documentés par de nombreuses études scientifiques, sont une altération de la fertilité, des maladies thyroïdiennes, des taux élevés de cholestérol, des lésions au foie, des cancers du rein et des testicules, une réponse réduite aux vaccins ou de faibles poids à la naissance. Nous faisons donc face à un problème sanitaire d’une gravité inédite. La portée de ce scandale, et je mesure l’ampleur de la comparaison, est de l’ordre du désastre du chlordécone et des ravages de l’amiante. Sans anticiper sur les débats que nous aurons ce matin, et au vu de ce constat, je crois que nous pourrons nous accorder pour dire que le texte que je vous propose est mesuré et raisonnable. Ses dispositions s’inscrivent dans la continuité de travaux entrepris par plusieurs de nos collègues : dans le cadre de notre commission, d’abord, avec la table ronde sur les PFAS organisée par le président Zulesi en début d’année dernière, mais aussi avec la proposition de loi de [PERSONNE], qui constitue, à ma connaissance, le premier texte soumis à la représentation nationale sur les polluants éternels – nous n’avons pu, malheureusement, en achever l’examen en séance publique. Je relève enfin, hors de notre commission, le rapport sur le sujet que le député [PERSONNE] a remis au Gouvernement il y a quelques semaines. La première mesure que je vous propose d’adopter vise à limiter à la source la pollution aux PFAS, en décidant de restrictions à leur utilisation échelonnées dans le temps, selon la disponibilité des alternatives. Je proposerai par amendement d’agir dès 2026 sur les usages pour lesquels ces alternatives existent : les produits destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires, les cosmétiques, le fart et les textiles. Et je proposerai de poser pour 2027 le principe de l’interdiction des PFAS, sauf pour les cas où leur usage serait essentiel. Certains me rappelleront qu’un projet de restriction des PFAS est en cours au niveau européen. Si ce projet est nécessaire, il n’est pas suffisant. Je le soutiens pleinement, mais je ne m’en contente pas. La procédure sera longue. Lorsque l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (ECHA) aura terminé son travail, en 2026 ou en 2027, la proposition de restriction sera soumise aux États membres : qui peut prédire quelle sera alors la position de chacun de nos partenaires européens ? Je vous propose donc, tout comme le député Isaac-Sibille dans les recommandations 10 et 11 de son rapport, de prendre des mesures anticipées, au niveau national, pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens. Sur les premières restrictions, j’ai la volonté de trouver un compromis, compte tenu des auditions que nous avons eues et des positions exprimées par les différents groupes politiques. Même si je reste pleinement convaincu qu’il faut agir vite et largement pour couper le robinet de la pollution, j’ai déposé un amendement de compromis que nous examinerons au début de la discussion, qui vise à ne cibler que les produits identifiés dans le rapport de [PERSONNE]. J’espère que nous pourrons nous rejoindre sur cette rédaction. Deuxième mesure, je propose que dès la promulgation de la loi, les PFAS soient pris en compte dans le contrôle sanitaire de la qualité de l’eau potable. Cette disposition va au‑devant de la réglementation actuelle et de la directive européenne relative à la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine. Elle permet de ne pas attendre le 1er janvier 2026 et rend obligatoire la recherche de l’ensemble des PFAS détectables. La mesure pourrait également inciter les laboratoires d’analyse à approfondir les techniques permettant de détecter de nouveaux PFAS – je vous rappelle que le droit européen ne nous obligera à rechercher qu’une vingtaine d’entre eux. La liste européenne, incomplète, n’inclut pas par exemple le TFA (acide trifluoroacétique) pourtant retrouvé massivement autour de Salindres, dans le Gard. Le deuxième article introduit une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau, afin que les industriels à l’origine de la pollution contribuent financièrement à la dépollution, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. J’insiste sur le coût que va représenter la pollution aux PFAS pour nos collectivités. Dès l’entrée en vigueur du contrôle de la présence des PFAS dans l’eau, nombre de nos communes connaîtront des dépassements de la norme réglementaire. Nos collectivités devront alors consentir des investissements massifs pour traiter l’eau. La redevance que je vous propose est un premier levier pour anticiper ce mur d’investissement. J’espère que nous serons nombreux à nous retrouver sur cette disposition, déjà suggérée dans l’excellent rapport d’information de nos collègues [PERSONNE] et Vincent Descœur sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au défi climatique. Nous avons l’occasion d’engager aujourd’hui une avancée dans la lutte contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. Je sais que nous sommes observés, que certains attendent beaucoup de cette proposition de loi et j’espère que nous saurons être à la hauteur. Sur ces sujets, chaque année de perdue se compte, hélas, en vies humaines."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "266"
   ],
   "order": 266,
   "text": "Nous accueillons plutôt favorablement cette proposition de loi et souhaitons mettre en avant le travail effectué par Cyrille Isaac-Sibille pour la mission gouvernementale commandée par Christophe Béchu, ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires. Nous souhaitons que ces polluants dits éternels soient bien mieux pris en charge. Le Gouvernement a lancé à cet effet un travail de cartographie des émissions autour des installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement. Nous souhaitons que ce travail permette une meilleure maîtrise des rejets, et saluons l’idée d’aller vers un système de redevance. Il restera à voir s’il s’agit de la meilleure solution : nous en discuterons, tant aujourd’hui que dans l’hémicycle. Nous souhaitons enfin que les discussions en trilogue au niveau de l’Union européenne – en particulier sur le règlement sur les emballages –soient stimulées par cette proposition de loi, à laquelle nous proposerons des aménagements",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 147,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p266",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N507bfc43fb14",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous accueillons plutôt favorablement cette proposition de loi et souhaitons mettre en avant le travail effectué par [PERSONNE] pour la mission gouvernementale commandée par [PERSONNE], ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires. Nous souhaitons que ces polluants dits éternels soient bien mieux pris en charge. Le Gouvernement a lancé à cet effet un travail de cartographie des émissions autour des installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement. Nous souhaitons que ce travail permette une meilleure maîtrise des rejets, et saluons l’idée d’aller vers un système de redevance. Il restera à voir s’il s’agit de la meilleure solution : nous en discuterons, tant aujourd’hui que dans l’hémicycle. Nous souhaitons enfin que les discussions en trilogue au niveau de l’Union européenne – en particulier sur le règlement sur les emballages –soient stimulées par cette proposition de loi, à laquelle nous proposerons des aménagements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720668",
   "speaker": "Emmanuel Blairy",
   "quality": "M. Emmanuel Blairy (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p267",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "267"
   ],
   "order": 267,
   "text": "Les efforts humains se sont portés au siècle dernier sur la santé ainsi que sur l’assainissement : c’est par ces deux moyens que nous avons gagné en espérance de vie. Le Rassemblement national accueille la présente proposition de loi avec beaucoup d’intérêt. Sur ce sujet majeur et délicat, nous proposerons des amendements, en espérant que nous pourrons trouver un consensus pour la séance publique. Lutter contre les PFAS, c’est augmenter notre espérance de vie et assainir notre eau. J’insiste : Londres a connu au siècle dernier un problème d’assainissement des eaux, et on a vu l’espérance de vie y diminuer en dix ans",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 103,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p267",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N9358ddb6a8dc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les efforts humains se sont portés au siècle dernier sur la santé ainsi que sur l’assainissement : c’est par ces deux moyens que nous avons gagné en espérance de vie. Le [GROUPE] accueille la présente proposition de loi avec beaucoup d’intérêt. Sur ce sujet majeur et délicat, nous proposerons des amendements, en espérant que nous pourrons trouver un consensus pour la séance publique. Lutter contre les PFAS, c’est augmenter notre espérance de vie et assainir notre eau. J’insiste : Londres a connu au siècle dernier un problème d’assainissement des eaux, et on a vu l’espérance de vie y diminuer en dix ans"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p268",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "268"
   ],
   "order": 268,
   "text": "Nous faisons face à une pollution généralisée et persistante : les PFAS sont présents dans tous les milieux et se répandent sans discontinuer depuis les années 1940, où ils ont commencé à être produits à grande échelle. On les retrouve dans l’eau, dans l’air, dans l’ensemble des organismes, et donc dans nos corps. Toute la population française est contaminée, comme l’a rapporté Santé publique France en 2019. Cette contamination n’est pas anodine. Elle augmente directement le risque de souffrir de cancers du rein, du sein, des testicules, mais aussi de maladies thyroïdiennes et de lésions hépatiques. Il est donc urgent de mettre un terme à ce désastre écologique et sanitaire dont nous commençons à peine à prendre la mesure. La France insoumise soutient cette proposition de loi visant à interdire la fabrication, l’importation et la mise sur le marché de tout produit contenant ces polluants éternels. Le temps presse, chaque jour compte pour sauver des vies",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 156,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p268",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N6cc65345a746",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous faisons face à une pollution généralisée et persistante : les PFAS sont présents dans tous les milieux et se répandent sans discontinuer depuis les années 1940, où ils ont commencé à être produits à grande échelle. On les retrouve dans l’eau, dans l’air, dans l’ensemble des organismes, et donc dans nos corps. Toute la population française est contaminée, comme l’a rapporté Santé publique France en 2019. Cette contamination n’est pas anodine. Elle augmente directement le risque de souffrir de cancers du rein, du sein, des testicules, mais aussi de maladies thyroïdiennes et de lésions hépatiques. Il est donc urgent de mettre un terme à ce désastre écologique et sanitaire dont nous commençons à peine à prendre la mesure. [GROUPE] soutient cette proposition de loi visant à interdire la fabrication, l’importation et la mise sur le marché de tout produit contenant ces polluants éternels. Le temps presse, chaque jour compte pour sauver des vies"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p269",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "269",
    "270",
    "271",
    "272"
   ],
   "order": 269,
   "text": "L’ennui avec les rapports, c’est que, un jour ou l’autre, les gens finissent par les lire. Dans celui qu’il nous a présenté le 6 février, notre collègue de la majorité, Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, écrivait dans ses recommandations 10 et 10 bis qu’il serait opportun d’arrêter la production et l’utilisation des PFAS en soutenant l’initiative européenne de restriction et que, si celle-ci n’allait pas assez vite, il faudrait la devancer en proposant la restriction de certains usages de ces substances, par exemple pour le fart, les cosmétiques, les textiles et les emballages alimentaires. Nous verrons si ces engagements, que la présente proposition de loi retranscrit dans son article 1er, restent valides Notre ligne est restée la même depuis la proposition de loi de David Taupiac : la proposition de restriction dont cinq États européens ont pris l’initiative nous semble le moyen le plus sûr d’aboutir à une régulation rapide des PFAS les plus nocifs. Mais ne soyons pas hypocrites : le contexte économique, avec la hausse du coût de l’énergie, n’est pas idéal pour soumettre le secteur de la chimie à de nouvelles contraintes. Derrière la diversion amusante du fart qui s’utilise sur les skis, ce sont jusqu’à 1, voire 3 milliards d’euros en investissements et dix ans de recherche qui sont parfois nécessaires, à l’échelle européenne, pour développer des substituts, notamment pour les emballages alimentaires et les équipements médicaux, alors même que l’État est aux abonnés absents pour ce qui est du soutien financier. Il existe également un risque que ces restrictions ne s’appliquent qu’à nos produits et que nous continuions à importer ceux dont la production sera interdite sur notre sol. Une initiative solitaire de la France serait donc une surtransposition, condamnant nos entreprises à subir une distorsion de concurrence et nous privant de biens aux applications variées. Notre objectif est donc d’aboutir à une régulation ciblée, mesurée et différenciée des PFAS, alignée sur le calendrier européen, et dans des délais raisonnables. Ayant toujours été favorables au levier de l’incitation, nous soutiendrons l’article 2, qui élargit l’assiette de la redevance sur l’eau aux PFAS afin d’aider les collectivités et les petites communes rurales à financer les travaux de mise à niveau des installations de traitement de l’eau, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. Cette idée figurait d’ailleurs dans un autre rapport sur la politique de l’eau présenté par notre collègue du groupe Les Républicains, Vincent Descœur, et M. Yannick Haury.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 399,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p269",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Na5e74a50e63e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’ennui avec les rapports, c’est que, un jour ou l’autre, les gens finissent par les lire. Dans celui qu’il nous a présenté le 6 février, notre collègue de la majorité, [PERSONNE], écrivait dans ses recommandations 10 et 10 bis qu’il serait opportun d’arrêter la production et l’utilisation des PFAS en soutenant l’initiative européenne de restriction et que, si celle-ci n’allait pas assez vite, il faudrait la devancer en proposant la restriction de certains usages de ces substances, par exemple pour le fart, les cosmétiques, les textiles et les emballages alimentaires. Nous verrons si ces engagements, que la présente proposition de loi retranscrit dans son article 1er, restent valides Notre ligne est restée la même depuis la proposition de loi de [PERSONNE] : la proposition de restriction dont cinq États européens ont pris l’initiative nous semble le moyen le plus sûr d’aboutir à une régulation rapide des PFAS les plus nocifs. Mais ne soyons pas hypocrites : le contexte économique, avec la hausse du coût de l’énergie, n’est pas idéal pour soumettre le secteur de la chimie à de nouvelles contraintes. Derrière la diversion amusante du fart qui s’utilise sur les skis, ce sont jusqu’à 1, voire 3 milliards d’euros en investissements et dix ans de recherche qui sont parfois nécessaires, à l’échelle européenne, pour développer des substituts, notamment pour les emballages alimentaires et les équipements médicaux, alors même que l’État est aux abonnés absents pour ce qui est du soutien financier. Il existe également un risque que ces restrictions ne s’appliquent qu’à nos produits et que nous continuions à importer ceux dont la production sera interdite sur notre sol. Une initiative solitaire de la France serait donc une surtransposition, condamnant nos entreprises à subir une distorsion de concurrence et nous privant de biens aux applications variées. Notre objectif est donc d’aboutir à une régulation ciblée, mesurée et différenciée des PFAS, alignée sur le calendrier européen, et dans des délais raisonnables. Ayant toujours été favorables au levier de l’incitation, nous soutiendrons l’article 2, qui élargit l’assiette de la redevance sur l’eau aux PFAS afin d’aider les collectivités et les petites communes rurales à financer les travaux de mise à niveau des installations de traitement de l’eau, en vertu du principe pollueur-payeur. Cette idée figurait d’ailleurs dans un autre rapport sur la politique de l’eau présenté par notre collègue du groupe [GROUPE], Vincent Descœur, et M. [PERSONNE]."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794830",
   "speaker": "Hubert Ott",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Ott (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p273",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "273",
    "274",
    "275",
    "276"
   ],
   "order": 273,
   "text": "Je tiens à vous remercier, ainsi que votre groupe, monsieur le rapporteur, de mettre à l’ordre du jour le sujet si sensible des PFAS. Du fait de leur structure moléculaire extrêmement stable et non dégradable, ils sont qualifiés de polluants éternels : ils présentent donc, dans le grand cortège des substances toxiques, une dangerosité inédite. Le consensus scientifique est implacable. Ils attaquent la santé humaine dès le stade fœtal, durant la croissance et tout au long de la vie. Ils dérèglent le système immunitaire et provoquent de nombreux cancers Ce problème est au cœur des préoccupations de notre famille politique, comme le démontrent les alertes de Jimmy Pahun et le rapport complet et essentiel de Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille. Face à la pollution généralisée provoquée par cette famille de substances toxiques, riche de plus de 3 000 molécules, il est urgent d’agir. Toutes les industries sont concernées : chimie, électronique, alimentation, construction, énergie, secteur de la santé, secteur militaire, biotechnologies, etc. La situation nous impose de développer les alternatives, connues et identifiées par toute une série de rapports. Les premières recommandations du rapport Isaac-Sibille, portant sur l’information du public et sur l’amélioration des mesures dans l’eau, malheureusement largement contaminée, se retrouvent en partie dans votre texte. Ce problème touche l’ensemble du continent. Le frontalier que je suis souhaite ardemment que l’Union européenne se saisisse au plus vite du problème, comme elle a commencé à le faire avec des interdictions concernant les jouets ou les emballages alimentaires. C’est en ce sens que nous avons soutenu, monsieur le rapporteur, votre proposition de résolution sur la réforme du règlement Reach (enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances), que nous attendons de pied ferme. Quelles que soient nos différences d’approche, nous voulons avancer à vos côtés. Sur un sujet aussi grave, les citoyens attendent que nos volontés convergent pour résoudre le problème.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 311,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p273",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N700502f1729b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à vous remercier, ainsi que votre groupe, monsieur le rapporteur, de mettre à l’ordre du jour le sujet si sensible des PFAS. Du fait de leur structure moléculaire extrêmement stable et non dégradable, ils sont qualifiés de polluants éternels : ils présentent donc, dans le grand cortège des substances toxiques, une dangerosité inédite. Le consensus scientifique est implacable. Ils attaquent la santé humaine dès le stade fœtal, durant la croissance et tout au long de la vie. Ils dérèglent le système immunitaire et provoquent de nombreux cancers Ce problème est au cœur des préoccupations de notre famille politique, comme le démontrent les alertes de [PERSONNE] et le rapport complet et essentiel de Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille. Face à la pollution généralisée provoquée par cette famille de substances toxiques, riche de plus de 3 000 molécules, il est urgent d’agir. Toutes les industries sont concernées : chimie, électronique, alimentation, construction, énergie, secteur de la santé, secteur militaire, biotechnologies, etc. La situation nous impose de développer les alternatives, connues et identifiées par toute une série de rapports. Les premières recommandations du rapport Isaac-Sibille, portant sur l’information du public et sur l’amélioration des mesures dans l’eau, malheureusement largement contaminée, se retrouvent en partie dans votre texte. Ce problème touche l’ensemble du continent. Le frontalier que je suis souhaite ardemment que l’Union européenne se saisisse au plus vite du problème, comme elle a commencé à le faire avec des interdictions concernant les jouets ou les emballages alimentaires. C’est en ce sens que nous avons soutenu, monsieur le rapporteur, votre proposition de résolution sur la réforme du règlement Reach (enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances), que nous attendons de pied ferme. Quelles que soient nos différences d’approche, nous voulons avancer à vos côtés. Sur un sujet aussi grave, les citoyens attendent que nos volontés convergent pour résoudre le problème."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p277",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "277",
    "278",
    "279",
    "280"
   ],
   "order": 277,
   "text": "En dépit de leur toxicité, les PFAS sont encore peu connus du grand public. On retrouve ces substances chimiques dans de nombreux objets du quotidien – textiles, jouets, dispositifs médicaux, etc. –, dans l’environnement et dans les organismes exposés. Certains experts les considèrent comme la plus grande menace chimique du XXIe siècle. Le dernier rapport de l’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (Igedd) fait état d’une situation critique et recommande à l’État d’engager sans tarder les actions de maîtrise des risques les plus urgentes Ces substances sont associées à des risques de cancer, de dérèglements endocriniens et thyroïdiens. L’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments alerte également quant à leurs effets sur le système immunitaire, qui ne sont pas encore parfaitement connus et dont le suivi, comme l’a rappelé Cyrille Isaac-Sibille dans son rapport, est encore mal assuré. La recommandation 10 bis de ce même rapport précise qu’en l’absence d’avancée européenne, la France peut proposer la restriction de certains usages : fart, cosmétiques, textiles destinés à l’habillement, emballages alimentaires, papier carton. Pour prévoir des dérogations, ce projet de restriction s’appuie notamment sur la distinction entre les usages essentiels et ceux qui ne le sont pas, ainsi que sur l’existence ou non d’alternatives. C’est pourquoi la présente proposition de loi prévoit d’interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché des produits contenant des PFAS à l’horizon 2025 pour les produits pour lesquels un substitut peut facilement être trouvé, et 2027 pour les autres. L’article 2 s’inscrit dans la logique pollueur-payeur, en instaurant une redevance due par les acteurs rejetant des PFAS dans l’environnement. Les socialistes remercient le rapporteur de placer cette question au cœur du débat public et soutiendront bien entendu ce texte indispensable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 287,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p277",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N71db47f54355",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En dépit de leur toxicité, les PFAS sont encore peu connus du grand public. On retrouve ces substances chimiques dans de nombreux objets du quotidien – textiles, jouets, dispositifs médicaux, etc. –, dans l’environnement et dans les organismes exposés. Certains experts les considèrent comme la plus grande menace chimique du XXIe siècle. Le dernier rapport de l’Inspection générale de l’environnement et du développement durable (Igedd) fait état d’une situation critique et recommande à l’État d’engager sans tarder les actions de maîtrise des risques les plus urgentes Ces substances sont associées à des risques de cancer, de dérèglements endocriniens et thyroïdiens. L’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments alerte également quant à leurs effets sur le système immunitaire, qui ne sont pas encore parfaitement connus et dont le suivi, comme l’a rappelé [PERSONNE] dans son rapport, est encore mal assuré. La recommandation 10 bis de ce même rapport précise qu’en l’absence d’avancée européenne, la France peut proposer la restriction de certains usages : fart, cosmétiques, textiles destinés à l’habillement, emballages alimentaires, papier carton. Pour prévoir des dérogations, ce projet de restriction s’appuie notamment sur la distinction entre les usages essentiels et ceux qui ne le sont pas, ainsi que sur l’existence ou non d’alternatives. C’est pourquoi la présente proposition de loi prévoit d’interdire la fabrication, l’importation, l’exportation et la mise sur le marché des produits contenant des PFAS à l’horizon 2025 pour les produits pour lesquels un substitut peut facilement être trouvé, et 2027 pour les autres. L’article 2 s’inscrit dans la logique pollueur-payeur, en instaurant une redevance due par les acteurs rejetant des PFAS dans l’environnement. Les socialistes remercient le rapporteur de placer cette question au cœur du débat public et soutiendront bien entendu ce texte indispensable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p281",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "281",
    "282",
    "283",
    "284"
   ],
   "order": 281,
   "text": "Nous avons déjà discuté à plusieurs reprises des PFAS, dont les propriétés mêmes pour lesquelles ils ont été largement développés causent pollution et toxicité – à ce propos, j’ai une pensée particulière pour la commune haut‑savoyarde de Rumilly. Les questions de réglementation, d’adaptation, voire d’interdiction se posent plus que jamais. Je vous remercie, monsieur le rapporteur, de l’opportunité que vous nous offrez de débattre à nouveau de ce sujet essentiel, et des échanges transpartisans que nous avons pu avoir Les PFAS s’accumulent dans le corps et se potentialisent avec le temps. Est‑il encore nécessaire de développer davantage les dangers de ces polluants éternels ? Leur utilisation dans des domaines variés, combinée à leur caractère très persistant, entraîne une contamination de tous les milieux : l’eau, l’air, les sols ou encore les sédiments. Certains contaminent les êtres vivants et se retrouvent dans la chaîne alimentaire, tandis que d’autres, plus mobiles, sont transportés sur de très longues distances par l’eau ou l’air et se retrouvent jusque dans les océans arctiques et antarctiques. Leurs effets sur la santé humaine et animale ainsi que sur les écosystèmes en sont d’autant plus préoccupants. Cette proposition de loi a donc pour objectif de réduire l’exposition de la population à ces substances. Partageant cette préoccupation, le ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires Christophe Béchu a présenté un plan d’action ministériel sur les PFAS pour la période 2023-2027, qui vise à réduire les risques à la source, à poursuivre la surveillance des milieux, à accélérer la production des connaissances scientifiques et à faciliter l’accès à l’information pour les citoyens. Il est également important de rappeler le cadre réglementaire européen. Je tiens saluer le travail de mes collègues Jimmy Pahun, Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et David Taupiac sur ces sujets. Le groupe Horizons et apparentés, favorable à cette proposition de loi, défendra toutefois des amendements visant à en préciser certaines dispositions, notamment afin de renvoyer les producteurs à leurs responsabilités.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 324,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p281",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N2b46915f1d09",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons déjà discuté à plusieurs reprises des PFAS, dont les propriétés mêmes pour lesquelles ils ont été largement développés causent pollution et toxicité – à ce propos, j’ai une pensée particulière pour la commune haut‑savoyarde de Rumilly. Les questions de réglementation, d’adaptation, voire d’interdiction se posent plus que jamais. Je vous remercie, monsieur le rapporteur, de l’opportunité que vous nous offrez de débattre à nouveau de ce sujet essentiel, et des échanges transpartisans que nous avons pu avoir Les PFAS s’accumulent dans le corps et se potentialisent avec le temps. Est‑il encore nécessaire de développer davantage les dangers de ces polluants éternels ? Leur utilisation dans des domaines variés, combinée à leur caractère très persistant, entraîne une contamination de tous les milieux : l’eau, l’air, les sols ou encore les sédiments. Certains contaminent les êtres vivants et se retrouvent dans la chaîne alimentaire, tandis que d’autres, plus mobiles, sont transportés sur de très longues distances par l’eau ou l’air et se retrouvent jusque dans les océans arctiques et antarctiques. Leurs effets sur la santé humaine et animale ainsi que sur les écosystèmes en sont d’autant plus préoccupants. Cette proposition de loi a donc pour objectif de réduire l’exposition de la population à ces substances. Partageant cette préoccupation, le ministre de la transition écologique et de la cohésion des territoires [PERSONNE] a présenté un plan d’action ministériel sur les PFAS pour la période 2023-2027, qui vise à réduire les risques à la source, à poursuivre la surveillance des milieux, à accélérer la production des connaissances scientifiques et à faciliter l’accès à l’information pour les citoyens. Il est également important de rappeler le cadre réglementaire européen. Je tiens saluer le travail de mes collègues [PERSONNE], Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et [PERSONNE] sur ces sujets. Le groupe [GROUPE], favorable à cette proposition de loi, défendra toutefois des amendements visant à en préciser certaines dispositions, notamment afin de renvoyer les producteurs à leurs responsabilités."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p285",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "285",
    "286",
    "287"
   ],
   "order": 285,
   "text": "Il y a quelques mois encore, personne ne parlait des PFAS. Le sujet est pourtant déjà connu aux États-Unis depuis 1998 – le film Dark Waters raconte cette catastrophe déjà vieille de plus de vingt-cinq ans. Cela ne fait qu’un an ou deux que nous nous sommes, ici, sérieusement emparés du sujet et je remercie le rapporteur de le mettre au cœur du débat public J’ai pu constater à titre personnel l’ampleur de cette pollution aux PFAS : je fais partie des quatorze députés qui se sont fait tester et, tandis que les ours polaires en ont beaucoup dans leur estomac, j’en ai moi-même beaucoup dans les cheveux. J’en ai même dix fois plus que les autres, alors que ma ville de Tours n’est pas marquée par une forte actualité industrielle : il s’agit donc peut-être de son héritage industriel, d’une pollution généralisée de l’eau, de l’air et des sols. Car nous sommes face à un océan de PFAS, qui pénètrent partout et touchent 100 % de la population. On parle de 4 000 à 12 000 PFAS différents. Certains auraient voulu que nous les étudiions molécules par molécules, mais non : c’est sans aucun doute la famille entière des PFAS qu’il faut interdire, il n’y a pas d’alternative. Il faut agir maintenant. Le sujet est sur la table depuis vingt-cinq ans et il n’est plus temps de renvoyer à une future réglementation européenne dont rien ne nous garantit qu’elle sera suffisamment ambitieuse. Des pays ont déjà décidé d’agir : le Danemark, par exemple, a interdit les PFAS dans les emballages alimentaires. La France doit jouer un rôle moteur au cœur de l’Europe, en adoptant la proposition de loi de Nicolas Thierry. Le texte propose l’interdiction immédiate de la production de PFAS – sujet central –, des tests systématiques de l’eau, qui n’existent pas aujourd’hui, et la mise en œuvre, très importante à nos yeux, du principe pollueur-payeur. Nous voterons évidemment cette proposition de loi, en espérant que tous feront de même.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 332,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p285",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N35e756d410c5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQRS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a quelques mois encore, personne ne parlait des PFAS. Le sujet est pourtant déjà connu aux États-Unis depuis 1998 – le film Dark Waters raconte cette catastrophe déjà vieille de plus de vingt-cinq ans. Cela ne fait qu’un an ou deux que nous nous sommes, ici, sérieusement emparés du sujet et je remercie le rapporteur de le mettre au cœur du débat public J’ai pu constater à titre personnel l’ampleur de cette pollution aux PFAS : je fais partie des quatorze députés qui se sont fait tester et, tandis que les ours polaires en ont beaucoup dans leur estomac, j’en ai moi-même beaucoup dans les cheveux. J’en ai même dix fois plus que les autres, alors que ma ville de Tours n’est pas marquée par une forte actualité industrielle : il s’agit donc peut-être de son héritage industriel, d’une pollution généralisée de l’eau, de l’air et des sols. Car nous sommes face à un océan de PFAS, qui pénètrent partout et touchent 100 % de la population. On parle de 4 000 à 12 000 PFAS différents. Certains auraient voulu que nous les étudiions molécules par molécules, mais non : c’est sans aucun doute la famille entière des PFAS qu’il faut interdire, il n’y a pas d’alternative. Il faut agir maintenant. Le sujet est sur la table depuis vingt-cinq ans et il n’est plus temps de renvoyer à une future réglementation européenne dont rien ne nous garantit qu’elle sera suffisamment ambitieuse. Des pays ont déjà décidé d’agir : le Danemark, par exemple, a interdit les PFAS dans les emballages alimentaires. La France doit jouer un rôle moteur au cœur de l’Europe, en adoptant la proposition de loi de [PERSONNE]. Le texte propose l’interdiction immédiate de la production de PFAS – sujet central –, des tests systématiques de l’eau, qui n’existent pas aujourd’hui, et la mise en œuvre, très importante à nos yeux, du principe pollueur-payeur. Nous voterons évidemment cette proposition de loi, en espérant que tous feront de même."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p288",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "288",
    "289",
    "290",
    "291"
   ],
   "order": 288,
   "text": "Nous allons laisser aux générations futures un étrange legs : les milliers de tonnes de PFAS accumulées dans l’environnement. Les molécules de cette famille présentent la caractéristique d’être à la fois antiadhésives, imperméabilisantes et résistantes aux fortes chaleurs. Ces mêmes vertus qui font leur attrait font aussi d’elles des substances dangereuses. Elles s’accumulent sans se détériorer, au risque de nuire à notre santé et à la biodiversité. Les scientifiques redoutent une bombe sanitaire à retardement. La question ne devrait plus être de savoir si nous allons interdire les PFAS, mais quand. L’Union européenne s’attelle au sujet, mais les négociations, dont l’issue est incertaine, ne pourront pas aboutir avant 2027 C’est pourquoi nous étions favorables à la première rédaction de la proposition de loi, qui posait une interdiction radicale à compter du 1er juillet 2027. Mais, comme le rapporteur, nous sommes prêts au compromis, pour qu’enfin aboutisse un texte sur le sujet. Serait donc interdite, dès 2025, l’utilisation des PFAS dans la fabrication des ustensiles de cuisine, des produits cosmétiques, du fart et du textile d’habillement. Pour ces produits avec lesquels nous sommes en contact direct, des alternatives existent : c’est donc un minimum. Par ailleurs, qui va payer la facture du nettoyage des PFAS ? Les technologies de dépollution ont un coût élevé qu’il ne revient pas au consommateur d’assumer. Le texte propose donc d’assujettir les activités entraînant des rejets de PFAS au paiement de la redevance pour pollution de l’eau. Nous soutenons donc cette proposition de loi, en espérant qu’elle ne connaisse pas le même sort que la mienne il y a un peu moins d’un an.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 268,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p288",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N9171ce3d2ef6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous allons laisser aux générations futures un étrange legs : les milliers de tonnes de PFAS accumulées dans l’environnement. Les molécules de cette famille présentent la caractéristique d’être à la fois antiadhésives, imperméabilisantes et résistantes aux fortes chaleurs. Ces mêmes vertus qui font leur attrait font aussi d’elles des substances dangereuses. Elles s’accumulent sans se détériorer, au risque de nuire à notre santé et à la biodiversité. Les scientifiques redoutent une bombe sanitaire à retardement. La question ne devrait plus être de savoir si nous allons interdire les PFAS, mais quand. L’Union européenne s’attelle au sujet, mais les négociations, dont l’issue est incertaine, ne pourront pas aboutir avant 2027 C’est pourquoi nous étions favorables à la première rédaction de la proposition de loi, qui posait une interdiction radicale à compter du 1er juillet 2027. Mais, comme le rapporteur, nous sommes prêts au compromis, pour qu’enfin aboutisse un texte sur le sujet. Serait donc interdite, dès 2025, l’utilisation des PFAS dans la fabrication des ustensiles de cuisine, des produits cosmétiques, du fart et du textile d’habillement. Pour ces produits avec lesquels nous sommes en contact direct, des alternatives existent : c’est donc un minimum. Par ailleurs, qui va payer la facture du nettoyage des PFAS ? Les technologies de dépollution ont un coût élevé qu’il ne revient pas au consommateur d’assumer. Le texte propose donc d’assujettir les activités entraînant des rejets de PFAS au paiement de la redevance pour pollution de l’eau. Nous soutenons donc cette proposition de loi, en espérant qu’elle ne connaisse pas le même sort que la mienne il y a un peu moins d’un an."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA267766",
   "speaker": "Guy Bricout",
   "quality": "M. Guy Bricout (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p293",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "293",
    "294"
   ],
   "order": 293,
   "text": "Nous faisons face à un important enjeu de santé publique. Une certaine avancée s’est produite récemment au niveau européen – l’interdiction des PFAS pour les emballages alimentaires en contact avec les denrées en 2026, et bientôt pour les jouets – mais nous avons tout à gagner à allonger rapidement la liste de ces interdictions. Vous avez donc vu juste, monsieur le rapporteur, tout comme David Taupiac, en voulant que nous avancions rapidement au niveau national sans nous contenter du plan d’action sur les PFAS 2023-2027 du ministère de la transition écologique, qui est loin d’être à la hauteur de l’urgence. Votre texte est d’autant plus intéressant qu’il est équilibré, en ce qu’il prévoit une liste de dérogations strictement proportionnées au caractère essentiel de certains usages et qu’il affiche un calendrier réaliste prenant appui sur les alternatives déjà existantes Pensez-vous que les industriels seront prêts à prendre des mesures sans contrainte, sous la pression de l’opinion publique ? Quels sont d’après vous les usages dont le caractère est essentiel ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 169,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p293",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe6fbebcaf18",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous faisons face à un important enjeu de santé publique. Une certaine avancée s’est produite récemment au niveau européen – l’interdiction des PFAS pour les emballages alimentaires en contact avec les denrées en 2026, et bientôt pour les jouets – mais nous avons tout à gagner à allonger rapidement la liste de ces interdictions. Vous avez donc vu juste, monsieur le rapporteur, tout comme [PERSONNE], en voulant que nous avancions rapidement au niveau national sans nous contenter du plan d’action sur les PFAS 2023-2027 du ministère de la transition écologique, qui est loin d’être à la hauteur de l’urgence. Votre texte est d’autant plus intéressant qu’il est équilibré, en ce qu’il prévoit une liste de dérogations strictement proportionnées au caractère essentiel de certains usages et qu’il affiche un calendrier réaliste prenant appui sur les alternatives déjà existantes Pensez-vous que les industriels seront prêts à prendre des mesures sans contrainte, sous la pression de l’opinion publique ? Quels sont d’après vous les usages dont le caractère est essentiel ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p295",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "295"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "Je suis évidemment favorable au principe pollueur-payeur, mais quelle technique précise va-t-on utiliser pour la dépollution ? Le charbon actif semble peu efficace. Des recherches sont en cours, par exemple dans les universités de Tours et d’Orléans, sur la manière dont on peut détruire ces molécules dont les liaisons sont très solides. Connaissez-vous d’autres techniques de dépollution ? C’est une question clé",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p295",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Na4fbb4718632",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis évidemment favorable au principe pollueur-payeur, mais quelle technique précise va-t-on utiliser pour la dépollution ? Le charbon actif semble peu efficace. Des recherches sont en cours, par exemple dans les universités de Tours et d’Orléans, sur la manière dont on peut détruire ces molécules dont les liaisons sont très solides. Connaissez-vous d’autres techniques de dépollution ? C’est une question clé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p296",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "296"
   ],
   "order": 296,
   "text": "Nous avons pleinement conscience des difficultés posées par les PFAS et la commune de Salindres, dont on parle beaucoup, se trouve dans ma circonscription. Nous accueillons avec bienveillance cette proposition de loi dont l’objet est aussi d’exempter d’interdiction les industries qui n’ont pas encore pu s’adapter et innover pour limiter l’usage des PFAS : je pense en particulier aux ustensiles soumis à de fortes chaleurs et à des frottements, comme les ustensiles de cuisson. Comment envisagez-vous d’accompagner ces industries ? Une interdiction pure et simple, juste dans son principe, viendrait se heurter à la réalité économique et risquerait d’abîmer notre industrie",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p296",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N811f3a5964ed",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons pleinement conscience des difficultés posées par les PFAS et la commune de Salindres, dont on parle beaucoup, se trouve dans ma circonscription. Nous accueillons avec bienveillance cette proposition de loi dont l’objet est aussi d’exempter d’interdiction les industries qui n’ont pas encore pu s’adapter et innover pour limiter l’usage des PFAS : je pense en particulier aux ustensiles soumis à de fortes chaleurs et à des frottements, comme les ustensiles de cuisson. Comment envisagez-vous d’accompagner ces industries ? Une interdiction pure et simple, juste dans son principe, viendrait se heurter à la réalité économique et risquerait d’abîmer notre industrie"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p297",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "297",
    "298"
   ],
   "order": 297,
   "text": "Je remercie Nicolas Thierry pour la présentation de cette proposition de loi qui, je l’espère, sera adoptée, et sera le début d’une longue lutte pour nous désintoxiquer des PFAS. C’est une urgence de santé publique. Il faut interdire les rejets de PFAS et mieux connaître leur complexité chimique et toxicologique ainsi que la manière dont ils se diffusent. Il faut en restreindre les usages futiles pour lesquels il existe des substituts La France enverra ainsi un signal à l’Europe, en amont de l’avis que l’ECHA rendra dans les prochains mois. Le Gouvernement a déjà présenté un plan PFAS, a rejoint l’initiative des cinq États membres demandant une interdiction sur l’ensemble des PFAS, et a permis l’adoption, dans le cadre du trilogue, d’une restriction sur les emballages alimentaires.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 127,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p297",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N942009ffe2bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie [PERSONNE] pour la présentation de cette proposition de loi qui, je l’espère, sera adoptée, et sera le début d’une longue lutte pour nous désintoxiquer des PFAS. C’est une urgence de santé publique. Il faut interdire les rejets de PFAS et mieux connaître leur complexité chimique et toxicologique ainsi que la manière dont ils se diffusent. Il faut en restreindre les usages futiles pour lesquels il existe des substituts La France enverra ainsi un signal à l’Europe, en amont de l’avis que l’ECHA rendra dans les prochains mois. Le Gouvernement a déjà présenté un plan PFAS, a rejoint l’initiative des cinq États membres demandant une interdiction sur l’ensemble des PFAS, et a permis l’adoption, dans le cadre du trilogue, d’une restriction sur les emballages alimentaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p300",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "300",
    "301",
    "302",
    "303",
    "304",
    "305",
    "306",
    "307"
   ],
   "order": 300,
   "text": "Je vais répondre aux questions principales, une grande partie des points évoqués devant être abordés lors de la discussion des amendements. Cela me permettra de poser quelques éléments de cadrage La question de la toxicité est revenue plusieurs fois. Certaines substances PFAS seraient-elles toxiques et d’autres non ? Quand j’ai commencé à travailler sur ce sujet, j’ai dû m’acculturer à cette question assez technique en rencontrant des chercheurs, y compris hors de nos frontières. Ce qu’il faut comprendre, c’est que si plusieurs dizaines de ces molécules sont extrêmement persistantes dès leur conception, et par nature très difficiles à gérer, toutes les autres, une fois larguées dans l’environnement, finissent par avoir le même effet : le processus de dégradation fait que même elles se fragmentent et finissent par prendre une forme qui les rend comparables à celles qui sont persistantes dès l’origine. Bref, tous les PFAS sont préoccupants, qu’ils soient toxiques et persistants dès leur conception ou qu’ils le deviennent après dégradation ; aucun n’y échappe. C’est à cause de cette caractéristique commune que toutes les agences européennes et tous les scientifiques, comme l’indique d’ailleurs le rapport Isaac-Sibille, préconisent une approche par famille de cet enjeu sanitaire, et non substance par substance. Concernant les usages, nous avons été très attentifs à n’inclure dans le périmètre de l’interdiction que ceux pour lesquels des alternatives sont ou seront disponibles à court terme, les autres interdictions étant échelonnées dans le temps sur la base du travail de l’Agence européenne. Nous avons donc ciblé les cosmétiques, les textiles, les emballages alimentaires et le fart de ski. Concernant les cosmétiques, les professionnels de la filière rencontrés lors des auditions nous ont dit avoir entamé ce travail de sortie des PFAS et soutenir une réglementation, dont l’entrée en vigueur à partir de 2026 ne leur poserait aucun problème. C’est le sens de l’amendement de compromis que nous avons proposé. Concernant les textiles, les auditions ont montré qu’il y avait des difficultés de substitution pour d’autres produits que les habits de sécurité auxquels nous avions pensé, s’agissant des arts de la table notamment. Les industriels nous ont cependant confirmé que l’on pouvait avancer en matière de textile d’habillement. Notre amendement de compromis précise donc ce point. Quant au fart de ski, voilà un usage sur lequel ne subsiste aucun doute. Dans les compétitions internationales, les PFAS sont déjà interdits : ils ne restent permis qu’aux skieurs du dimanche qui descendent, comme vous et moi, leur piste verte ou noire. D’après le directeur technique national de la Fédération française de ski, le plus tôt sera généralisée l’interdiction, mieux cela vaudra. C’est en effet une pollution qu’on peut éviter tout de suite : les skieurs répandent des PFAS en descendant les pistes, la neige fond, et les substances passent dans les cours d’eau. Par ailleurs, les salariés des magasins spécialisés qui fartent les skis sont exposés aux poussières, alors que cet usage est devenu parfaitement inutile. La substitution présentait certaines difficultés pour le ski de fond, mais qui ont été aplanies. J’en viens à une question intéressante, méritant d’être traitée tout de suite : les effets éventuels d’une réglementation sur l’industrie française. On pourrait croire que nous risquons de gêner nos industriels en leur imposant des contraintes que les autres ne subiront pas. Concernant les PFAS, la réalité est différente. Charles Fournier a rappelé qu’il y a un quart de siècle, un scandale sanitaire retentissant a explosé aux Etats-Unis, qui occupe beaucoup l’espace public. Or la pression juridique et citoyenne a poussé les industriels à s’adapter : ils ont fait de la sortie des PFAS un élément de différenciation commerciale et de compétitivité, bref, un argument de vente. En Europe et en France, le débat a émergé tout récemment, mais le sujet prend très vite et devient une préoccupation des consommateurs. Si nous attendons le processus européen, nous nous retrouverons avec des consommateurs qui cherchent des produits sans PFAS et des industriels en retard pour leur en fournir, alors que d’autres pourront leur en offrir, notamment les Américains. Une chaîne de restauration rapide américaine incontournable a, par exemple, entamé sa sortie des PFAS en 2006. Pousser les industriels à se tourner vers les substituts leur donnera demain un avantage comparatif parce que cela correspondra à un critère de choix des consommateurs. Le projet de restriction européen vise 10 000 substances, au titre du règlement Reach, la demande ayant été présentée par les autorités danoises, allemandes, néerlandaises, norvégiennes et suédoises et enregistrée par l’ECHA en 2023. Il faut comprendre que ce processus sera long : après avoir demandé aux industriels et aux États moteurs d’envoyer des informations concernant la fabrication et la mise sur le marché de PFAS, l’Agence a reçu des milliers de contributions – c’est un des sujets qui en ont suscité le plus – que ses comités scientifiques doivent maintenant analyser et évaluer pour formuler des avis, eux-mêmes soumis à la Commission européenne, au Parlement européen et aux États membres. Même en imaginant que tous les États tombent d’accord – ce qui, entre nous, ne sera pas le cas –, une décision n’interviendrait qu’en 2027. Puis, pour les substances concernées par la restriction, dix-huit mois seraient laissés aux entreprises européennes pour s’adapter, de sorte que même dans le meilleur des scénarios, la procédure entière n’aboutirait pas avant 2029 ou 2030. Or notre proposition de loi permet de restreindre certains usages tout de suite, évitant ainsi aux gens d’être exposés pendant tout ce temps. Au vu des enjeux de santé publique que vous avez tous reconnus, six ans sont une durée considérable. Nous vous proposons donc un texte qui établit un échéancier raisonnable et cible les secteurs disposant de solutions de remplacement à court terme, tout en fixant un horizon à plus long terme. Un dernier mot sur la dépollution : deux techniques de filtration existent à ce jour, le charbon actif et l’osmose inversée. D’après les scientifiques, le charbon actif fonctionne pour certains PFAS, mais d’autres malheureusement y résistent. Plus efficace, l’osmose inversée est hélas assez coûteuse et énergivore et donc très difficile à déployer, notamment pour de toutes petites collectivités, confrontées à un mur d’investissements. D’où l’intérêt de couper à la source la pollution, pour restreindre autant que possible l’obligation de dépollution.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 3Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p239",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1035,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p300",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N86e40575b6c7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELMPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais répondre aux questions principales, une grande partie des points évoqués devant être abordés lors de la discussion des amendements. Cela me permettra de poser quelques éléments de cadrage La question de la toxicité est revenue plusieurs fois. Certaines substances PFAS seraient-elles toxiques et d’autres non ? Quand j’ai commencé à travailler sur ce sujet, j’ai dû m’acculturer à cette question assez technique en rencontrant des chercheurs, y compris hors de nos frontières. Ce qu’il faut comprendre, c’est que si plusieurs dizaines de ces molécules sont extrêmement persistantes dès leur conception, et par nature très difficiles à gérer, toutes les autres, une fois larguées dans l’environnement, finissent par avoir le même effet : le processus de dégradation fait que même elles se fragmentent et finissent par prendre une forme qui les rend comparables à celles qui sont persistantes dès l’origine. Bref, tous les PFAS sont préoccupants, qu’ils soient toxiques et persistants dès leur conception ou qu’ils le deviennent après dégradation ; aucun n’y échappe. C’est à cause de cette caractéristique commune que toutes les agences européennes et tous les scientifiques, comme l’indique d’ailleurs le rapport Isaac-Sibille, préconisent une approche par famille de cet enjeu sanitaire, et non substance par substance. Concernant les usages, nous avons été très attentifs à n’inclure dans le périmètre de l’interdiction que ceux pour lesquels des alternatives sont ou seront disponibles à court terme, les autres interdictions étant échelonnées dans le temps sur la base du travail de l’Agence européenne. Nous avons donc ciblé les cosmétiques, les textiles, les emballages alimentaires et le fart de ski. Concernant les cosmétiques, les professionnels de la filière rencontrés lors des auditions nous ont dit avoir entamé ce travail de sortie des PFAS et soutenir une réglementation, dont l’entrée en vigueur à partir de 2026 ne leur poserait aucun problème. C’est le sens de l’amendement de compromis que nous avons proposé. Concernant les textiles, les auditions ont montré qu’il y avait des difficultés de substitution pour d’autres produits que les habits de sécurité auxquels nous avions pensé, s’agissant des arts de la table notamment. Les industriels nous ont cependant confirmé que l’on pouvait avancer en matière de textile d’habillement. Notre amendement de compromis précise donc ce point. Quant au fart de ski, voilà un usage sur lequel ne subsiste aucun doute. Dans les compétitions internationales, les PFAS sont déjà interdits : ils ne restent permis qu’aux skieurs du dimanche qui descendent, comme vous et moi, leur piste verte ou noire. D’après le directeur technique national de la Fédération française de ski, le plus tôt sera généralisée l’interdiction, mieux cela vaudra. C’est en effet une pollution qu’on peut éviter tout de suite : les skieurs répandent des PFAS en descendant les pistes, la neige fond, et les substances passent dans les cours d’eau. Par ailleurs, les salariés des magasins spécialisés qui fartent les skis sont exposés aux poussières, alors que cet usage est devenu parfaitement inutile. La substitution présentait certaines difficultés pour le ski de fond, mais qui ont été aplanies. J’en viens à une question intéressante, méritant d’être traitée tout de suite : les effets éventuels d’une réglementation sur l’industrie française. On pourrait croire que nous risquons de gêner nos industriels en leur imposant des contraintes que les autres ne subiront pas. Concernant les PFAS, la réalité est différente. [PERSONNE] a rappelé qu’il y a un quart de siècle, un scandale sanitaire retentissant a explosé aux Etats-Unis, qui occupe beaucoup l’espace public. Or la pression juridique et citoyenne a poussé les industriels à s’adapter : ils ont fait de la sortie des PFAS un élément de différenciation commerciale et de compétitivité, bref, un argument de vente. En Europe et en France, le débat a émergé tout récemment, mais le sujet prend très vite et devient une préoccupation des consommateurs. Si nous attendons le processus européen, nous nous retrouverons avec des consommateurs qui cherchent des produits sans PFAS et des industriels en retard pour leur en fournir, alors que d’autres pourront leur en offrir, notamment les Américains. Une chaîne de restauration rapide américaine incontournable a, par exemple, entamé sa sortie des PFAS en 2006. Pousser les industriels à se tourner vers les substituts leur donnera demain un avantage comparatif parce que cela correspondra à un critère de choix des consommateurs. Le projet de restriction européen vise 10 000 substances, au titre du règlement Reach, la demande ayant été présentée par les autorités danoises, allemandes, néerlandaises, norvégiennes et suédoises et enregistrée par l’ECHA en 2023. Il faut comprendre que ce processus sera long : après avoir demandé aux industriels et aux États moteurs d’envoyer des informations concernant la fabrication et la mise sur le marché de PFAS, l’Agence a reçu des milliers de contributions – c’est un des sujets qui en ont suscité le plus – que ses comités scientifiques doivent maintenant analyser et évaluer pour formuler des avis, eux-mêmes soumis à la Commission européenne, au Parlement européen et aux États membres. Même en imaginant que tous les États tombent d’accord – ce qui, entre nous, ne sera pas le cas –, une décision n’interviendrait qu’en 2027. Puis, pour les substances concernées par la restriction, dix-huit mois seraient laissés aux entreprises européennes pour s’adapter, de sorte que même dans le meilleur des scénarios, la procédure entière n’aboutirait pas avant 2029 ou 2030. Or notre proposition de loi permet de restreindre certains usages tout de suite, évitant ainsi aux gens d’être exposés pendant tout ce temps. Au vu des enjeux de santé publique que vous avez tous reconnus, six ans sont une durée considérable. Nous vous proposons donc un texte qui établit un échéancier raisonnable et cible les secteurs disposant de solutions de remplacement à court terme, tout en fixant un horizon à plus long terme. Un dernier mot sur la dépollution : deux techniques de filtration existent à ce jour, le charbon actif et l’osmose inversée. D’après les scientifiques, le charbon actif fonctionne pour certains PFAS, mais d’autres malheureusement y résistent. Plus efficace, l’osmose inversée est hélas assez coûteuse et énergivore et donc très difficile à déployer, notamment pour de toutes petites collectivités, confrontées à un mur d’investissements. D’où l’intérêt de couper à la source la pollution, pour restreindre autant que possible l’obligation de dépollution."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p312",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "312",
    "313"
   ],
   "order": 312,
   "text": "L’amendement CD18 vise à conforter notre légitimité à délibérer de cette proposition de loi. Étant moi-même rapporteur sur ce sujet pour la commission des affaires européennes, j’appelle votre attention sur l’article 129 du règlement Reach actuel, qui nous permet, au nom de la protection de nos concitoyens, de légiférer sans attendre les conclusions des travaux européens – dont M. le rapporteur a rappelé le calendrier et l’incertitude – pour interdire la production, l’utilisation et la commercialisation des PFAS Cela devrait aussi rassurer les collègues qui nous renvoient souvent à une future révision du règlement Reach : nous pouvons parfaitement délibérer dès maintenant et protéger nos concitoyens de cette source de pollution tout en nous inscrivant dans le règlement existant. L’adoption de cet amendement serait donc de nature à élargir le consensus autour de la proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD18 de M. Gabriel Amard et CD19 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Avant l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p309",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 137,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p312",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N3fa8991bee91",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD18 vise à conforter notre légitimité à délibérer de cette proposition de loi. Étant moi-même rapporteur sur ce sujet pour la commission des affaires européennes, j’appelle votre attention sur l’article 129 du règlement Reach actuel, qui nous permet, au nom de la protection de nos concitoyens, de légiférer sans attendre les conclusions des travaux européens – dont M. le rapporteur a rappelé le calendrier et l’incertitude – pour interdire la production, l’utilisation et la commercialisation des PFAS Cela devrait aussi rassurer les collègues qui nous renvoient souvent à une future révision du règlement Reach : nous pouvons parfaitement délibérer dès maintenant et protéger nos concitoyens de cette source de pollution tout en nous inscrivant dans le règlement existant. L’adoption de cet amendement serait donc de nature à élargir le consensus autour de la proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p314",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "314",
    "315"
   ],
   "order": 314,
   "text": "L’amendement CD19 est un amendement de repli, demandant un rapport au Gouvernement sur la possibilité au moins de recourir à l’article 129 du règlement Reach. Aux termes de ce dernier, « un État membre est fondé à estimer qu’une action d’urgence est indispensable pour protéger la santé humaine ou l’environnement en ce qui concerne une substance […] bien qu’elle satisfasse aux prescriptions du […] règlement », auquel cas cet État « peut prendre des mesures provisoires appropriées ». Or la pollution aux PFAS constitue un cas évident de situation d’urgence. En février 2023, Le Monde publiait une étude qui recensait déjà 900 sites pollués en France, dont 108 considérés comme des hotspots, c’est-à-dire des zones où la contamination est dangereuse pour la santé. Encore ces estimations sont-elles largement en dessous de la réalité. M. Labadie, directeur de recherche au CNRS, parle de « petit bout de l’iceberg » à propos de l’état actuel des connaissances portant sur cette pollution. On l’a vu en février dernier dans la commune de Salindres, où l’on a relevé des taux records d’acide trifluoroacétique (TFA) – les plus petits PFAS connus –, cette commune recelant malheureusement aussi un cluster de glioblastomes, des tumeurs cancéreuses affectant le cerveau Nous sommes manifestement dans une situation d’urgence dont nous ignorons encore l’ampleur. Attendre serait une folie et un crime : ces polluants éternels s’accumulent dans nos organismes et chaque jour qui passe aggrave la situation. Une disposition nous permet d’agir vite. Il faut nous en saisir.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD18 de M. Gabriel Amard et CD19 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Avant l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p309",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p314",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N58e5e57c97b3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD19 est un amendement de repli, demandant un rapport au Gouvernement sur la possibilité au moins de recourir à l’article 129 du règlement Reach. Aux termes de ce dernier, « un État membre est fondé à estimer qu’une action d’urgence est indispensable pour protéger la santé humaine ou l’environnement en ce qui concerne une substance […] bien qu’elle satisfasse aux prescriptions du […] règlement », auquel cas cet État « peut prendre des mesures provisoires appropriées ». Or la pollution aux PFAS constitue un cas évident de situation d’urgence. En février 2023, Le Monde publiait une étude qui recensait déjà 900 sites pollués en France, dont 108 considérés comme des hotspots, c’est-à-dire des zones où la contamination est dangereuse pour la santé. Encore ces estimations sont-elles largement en dessous de la réalité. M. Labadie, directeur de recherche au CNRS, parle de « petit bout de l’iceberg » à propos de l’état actuel des connaissances portant sur cette pollution. On l’a vu en février dernier dans la commune de Salindres, où l’on a relevé des taux records d’acide trifluoroacétique (TFA) – les plus petits PFAS connus –, cette commune recelant malheureusement aussi un cluster de glioblastomes, des tumeurs cancéreuses affectant le cerveau Nous sommes manifestement dans une situation d’urgence dont nous ignorons encore l’ampleur. Attendre serait une folie et un crime : ces polluants éternels s’accumulent dans nos organismes et chaque jour qui passe aggrave la situation. Une disposition nous permet d’agir vite. Il faut nous en saisir."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p316",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "316",
    "317"
   ],
   "order": 316,
   "text": "Je suis favorable à l’amendement CD18. Établis dans la littérature scientifique, les dangers des PFAS pour la santé humaine justifient l’invocation de l’article 129 du règlement Reach de l’Union européenne (UE), permettant de faire statuer la Commission européenne sur leur interdiction Quant au CD19, je demande son retrait, puisque nous pourrons grâce à l’amendement de M. Amard activer l’article 129 sans attendre un rapport dont nous connaissons déjà les conclusions.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD18 de M. Gabriel Amard et CD19 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Avant l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p309",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 70,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p316",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nc7658cc385dd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis favorable à l’amendement CD18. Établis dans la littérature scientifique, les dangers des PFAS pour la santé humaine justifient l’invocation de l’article 129 du règlement Reach de l’Union européenne (UE), permettant de faire statuer la Commission européenne sur leur interdiction Quant au CD19, je demande son retrait, puisque nous pourrons grâce à l’amendement de M. Amard activer l’article 129 sans attendre un rapport dont nous connaissons déjà les conclusions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p318",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "318"
   ],
   "order": 318,
   "text": "Je voudrais soutenir l’amendement de Gabriel Amard. Il faut utiliser toutes les voies que permet l’UE. L’article 129 nous donne une sorte de procédure d’urgence pour agir rapidement. Beaucoup ici ont dit qu’il fallait s’en remettre à l’Union, et telle est bien la proposition qui vous est faite. J’ai également beaucoup entendu qu’il fallait veiller à ce que les industriels puissent s’adapter ; or les auditions ont montré que nombre d’entre eux avaient déjà des solutions de remplacement. Notre responsabilité est donc d’agir vite, et voilà une voie pour produire une règle rapidement",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD18 de M. Gabriel Amard et CD19 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Avant l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p309",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p318",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nf7b48665d0f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais soutenir l’amendement de [PERSONNE]. Il faut utiliser toutes les voies que permet l’UE. L’article 129 nous donne une sorte de procédure d’urgence pour agir rapidement. Beaucoup ici ont dit qu’il fallait s’en remettre à l’Union, et telle est bien la proposition qui vous est faite. J’ai également beaucoup entendu qu’il fallait veiller à ce que les industriels puissent s’adapter ; or les auditions ont montré que nombre d’entre eux avaient déjà des solutions de remplacement. Notre responsabilité est donc d’agir vite, et voilà une voie pour produire une règle rapidement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p325",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "325",
    "326",
    "327"
   ],
   "order": 325,
   "text": "L’amendement CD85 vise à trouver un compromis sur la rédaction de l’article 1er au regard des positions exprimées par les différents groupes. Ma propre conviction, je le répète, est qu’il faut aboutir, à brève échéance, à une interdiction large des PFAS, et je rappelle les incertitudes entourant l’initiative européenne de restriction, qui prendra du temps. Toutefois, au regard de ce que proposent nos collègues de la majorité, je souhaite préserver la possibilité d’une rédaction aussi ambitieuse que possible. Je vous propose donc de décaler de six mois l’entrée en vigueur des interdictions prévues pour certains produits, de façon à laisser un délai raisonnable aux entreprises qui doivent s’organiser pour se passer de PFAS et trouver des solutions de substitution, comme le proposaient les amendements des groupes Horizons et Démocrate Les emballages alimentaires, intégrés à un règlement européen très prochainement adopté, sont exclus de cet amendement. Restent visés les ustensiles de cuisine, source importante d’exposition de la population et de contamination. L’interdiction visant les textiles ne devenant générale qu’à partir de 2030, seuls les textiles d’habillement seront concernés à partir de 2026, les industriels du secteur s’y disant d’ailleurs prêts et favorables. Je vous propose enfin de retirer la disposition sur l’interdiction de tout produit contenant des PFAS avant 2027, dans la perspective d’un aboutissement du processus européen qui permette une harmonisation. La rédaction proposée par cet amendement, moins ambitieuse que la version initiale, ne reflète pas ma propre position mais ma volonté de compromis, pour que nous puissions avancer.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 249,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p325",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N3adc84fc813e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD85 vise à trouver un compromis sur la rédaction de l’article 1er au regard des positions exprimées par les différents groupes. Ma propre conviction, je le répète, est qu’il faut aboutir, à brève échéance, à une interdiction large des PFAS, et je rappelle les incertitudes entourant l’initiative européenne de restriction, qui prendra du temps. Toutefois, au regard de ce que proposent nos collègues de la majorité, je souhaite préserver la possibilité d’une rédaction aussi ambitieuse que possible. Je vous propose donc de décaler de six mois l’entrée en vigueur des interdictions prévues pour certains produits, de façon à laisser un délai raisonnable aux entreprises qui doivent s’organiser pour se passer de PFAS et trouver des solutions de substitution, comme le proposaient les amendements des groupes Horizons et Démocrate Les emballages alimentaires, intégrés à un règlement européen très prochainement adopté, sont exclus de cet amendement. Restent visés les ustensiles de cuisine, source importante d’exposition de la population et de contamination. L’interdiction visant les textiles ne devenant générale qu’à partir de 2030, seuls les textiles d’habillement seront concernés à partir de 2026, les industriels du secteur s’y disant d’ailleurs prêts et favorables. Je vous propose enfin de retirer la disposition sur l’interdiction de tout produit contenant des PFAS avant 2027, dans la perspective d’un aboutissement du processus européen qui permette une harmonisation. La rédaction proposée par cet amendement, moins ambitieuse que la version initiale, ne reflète pas ma propre position mais ma volonté de compromis, pour que nous puissions avancer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p328",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "328"
   ],
   "order": 328,
   "text": "Je remercie le rapporteur pour cette réécriture. Toutefois, des réglementations sectorielles en cours d’adoption vont venir encadrer l’utilisation des PFAS pour les quatre usages ciblés par les alinéas 7 à 11 de la proposition de loi. L’ECHA a remis en mars son avis sur l’utilisation des PFAS dans le fart et les cosmétique, et le fera en septembre pour les emballages alimentaires et les textiles. Il est donc proposé de poser comme condition à l’entrée en vigueur des interdictions prévues par l’amendement du rapporteur leur conformité aux réglementations et avis européens existants",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 92,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p328",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nb097bef55629",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie le rapporteur pour cette réécriture. Toutefois, des réglementations sectorielles en cours d’adoption vont venir encadrer l’utilisation des PFAS pour les quatre usages ciblés par les alinéas 7 à 11 de la proposition de loi. L’ECHA a remis en mars son avis sur l’utilisation des PFAS dans le fart et les cosmétique, et le fera en septembre pour les emballages alimentaires et les textiles. Il est donc proposé de poser comme condition à l’entrée en vigueur des interdictions prévues par l’amendement du rapporteur leur conformité aux réglementations et avis européens existants"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p329",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "329",
    "330"
   ],
   "order": 329,
   "text": "Le sous-amendement d’appel CD92 est fondé sur l’idée que si l’on interdit la fabrication et la commercialisation des PFAS, on en interdit évidemment l’importation. Quand la France crée des normes, si justes soient-elles, cela a systématiquement pour effet de créer une concurrence déloyale avec les acteurs étrangers. Comment contrôlerons-nous l’absence de PFAS dans les produits que nous importerons ? L’interdiction risque de créer un coût de revient plus important pour les produits français, aggravant le problème de la concurrence déloyale sans régler le problème sanitaire Le sous-amendement CD91, pour des considérations pratiques issues des auditions, propose d’exclure de la rédaction du rapporteur les ustensiles soumis à de fortes chaleurs ou à des frottements, puisque là encore, les industriels ne sont pas prêts.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 122,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p329",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N4911ecf50bbf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le sous-amendement d’appel CD92 est fondé sur l’idée que si l’on interdit la fabrication et la commercialisation des PFAS, on en interdit évidemment l’importation. Quand la France crée des normes, si justes soient-elles, cela a systématiquement pour effet de créer une concurrence déloyale avec les acteurs étrangers. Comment contrôlerons-nous l’absence de PFAS dans les produits que nous importerons ? L’interdiction risque de créer un coût de revient plus important pour les produits français, aggravant le problème de la concurrence déloyale sans régler le problème sanitaire Le sous-amendement CD91, pour des considérations pratiques issues des auditions, propose d’exclure de la rédaction du rapporteur les ustensiles soumis à de fortes chaleurs ou à des frottements, puisque là encore, les industriels ne sont pas prêts."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p331",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "331"
   ],
   "order": 331,
   "text": "Le sous-amendement CD95 propose d’introduire les mots : « ajoutées intentionnellement et dont le profil toxicologique préoccupant pour la santé est avéré ». Il s’agit de nous aligner sur la réglementation européenne, dont les dispositions ciblées, proportionnées et différenciées en fonction de la dangerosité des PFAS ne visent que les substances ajoutées intentionnellement au cours du processus de production, indépendamment de la pollution historique",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p331",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nb0722a7dce21",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le sous-amendement CD95 propose d’introduire les mots : « ajoutées intentionnellement et dont le profil toxicologique préoccupant pour la santé est avéré ». Il s’agit de nous aligner sur la réglementation européenne, dont les dispositions ciblées, proportionnées et différenciées en fonction de la dangerosité des PFAS ne visent que les substances ajoutées intentionnellement au cours du processus de production, indépendamment de la pollution historique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p332",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "332",
    "333"
   ],
   "order": 332,
   "text": "Le sous-amendement CD93 permet d’élargir les dérogations dont doivent bénéficier les vêtements de protection des professionnels de la sécurité et de la sécurité civile à d’autres professions, définies par décret. En effet, des vêtements de protection contenant des PFAS sont également utilisés dans l’industrie ou le BTP, pour lesquels il n’existe pas forcément de produits de substitution Le sous-amendement CD90 prévoit que des possibilités de dérogation à l’article sont fixées par décret.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p332",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nb8f7d2ab0f26",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le sous-amendement CD93 permet d’élargir les dérogations dont doivent bénéficier les vêtements de protection des professionnels de la sécurité et de la sécurité civile à d’autres professions, définies par décret. En effet, des vêtements de protection contenant des PFAS sont également utilisés dans l’industrie ou le BTP, pour lesquels il n’existe pas forcément de produits de substitution Le sous-amendement CD90 prévoit que des possibilités de dérogation à l’article sont fixées par décret."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "334",
    "335",
    "336",
    "337"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, nous pouvons trouver un accord sur le fart et les cosmétiques, ainsi que sur les textiles d’habillement, même si l’on sait que les vêtements livrés depuis l’étranger seront difficilement contrôlables. Restent les produits en contact avec les aliments. Pour les emballages alimentaires, l’amendement CD67 vous propose de reprendre l’accord adopté par l’Europe et qui n’est pas encore publié, par souci de cohérence. Concernant les ustensiles, il faut entrer dans la complexité chimique. Il existe en effet deux familles de PFAS, les monomères, qui sont toxiques, car tensioactifs, et les polymères, qui sont inertes. Il convient de pousser la recherche sur la possible dégradation des polymères avant de les interdire Mon amendement rejoint donc le vôtre concernant le fart, les cosmétiques, les textiles et les emballages alimentaires, mais non les ustensiles de cuisine. Je rappelle que l’adoption de l’un de ces deux amendements en ferait tomber beaucoup d’autres. Par ailleurs, votre rédaction n’aborde malheureusement pas la question de la présence non intentionnelle de PFAS dans un produit, manque qui a pourtant été déploré au cours des auditions. On sait que les PFAS sont partout : même s’ils n’en utilisent pas délibérément, il est donc difficile pour les industriels de garantir que leurs produits n’en contiennent pas. Voici en tout cas un amendement sur lequel nous pourrions trouver un accord.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 221,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p334",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N96ade1e19e5f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, nous pouvons trouver un accord sur le fart et les cosmétiques, ainsi que sur les textiles d’habillement, même si l’on sait que les vêtements livrés depuis l’étranger seront difficilement contrôlables. Restent les produits en contact avec les aliments. Pour les emballages alimentaires, l’amendement CD67 vous propose de reprendre l’accord adopté par l’Europe et qui n’est pas encore publié, par souci de cohérence. Concernant les ustensiles, il faut entrer dans la complexité chimique. Il existe en effet deux familles de PFAS, les monomères, qui sont toxiques, car tensioactifs, et les polymères, qui sont inertes. Il convient de pousser la recherche sur la possible dégradation des polymères avant de les interdire Mon amendement rejoint donc le vôtre concernant le fart, les cosmétiques, les textiles et les emballages alimentaires, mais non les ustensiles de cuisine. Je rappelle que l’adoption de l’un de ces deux amendements en ferait tomber beaucoup d’autres. Par ailleurs, votre rédaction n’aborde malheureusement pas la question de la présence non intentionnelle de PFAS dans un produit, manque qui a pourtant été déploré au cours des auditions. On sait que les PFAS sont partout : même s’ils n’en utilisent pas délibérément, il est donc difficile pour les industriels de garantir que leurs produits n’en contiennent pas. Voici en tout cas un amendement sur lequel nous pourrions trouver un accord."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p338",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "338"
   ],
   "order": 338,
   "text": "Le groupe Horizons souhaite vraiment une harmonisation à l’échelle européenne, même s’il peut arriver que nous soyons mieux-disants. Nous appelons à la prudence concernant le calendrier : à trop vouloir accélérer, on risque d’aboutir à des conséquences plus graves que ce qu’on voulait éliminer au départ. Il faut penser les actions dans une temporalité raisonnée. L’amendement CD76, identique à celui de Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, vise donc un alignement sur les règlements européens s’agissant des emballages en contact avec les denrées alimentaires. Il s’agit de tenir compte de l’existence ou non de solutions de rechange : quand il n’en existe pas, il faut prendre le temps de penser les choses. Pour les cosmétiques et le fart, l’interdiction interviendrait au 1er janvier 2026, laissant aux filières un temps d’adaptation. Pour les textiles, vu la loi votée il y a quinze jours, tenir compte de leurs composants est une nécessité absolue, mais il faut une fois encore laisser à la filière le temps de s’adapter aux nouvelles dispositions",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 164,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p338",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nf0d112d5501e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe Horizons souhaite vraiment une harmonisation à l’échelle européenne, même s’il peut arriver que nous soyons mieux-disants. Nous appelons à la prudence concernant le calendrier : à trop vouloir accélérer, on risque d’aboutir à des conséquences plus graves que ce qu’on voulait éliminer au départ. Il faut penser les actions dans une temporalité raisonnée. L’amendement CD76, identique à celui de [PERSONNE], vise donc un alignement sur les règlements européens s’agissant des emballages en contact avec les denrées alimentaires. Il s’agit de tenir compte de l’existence ou non de solutions de rechange : quand il n’en existe pas, il faut prendre le temps de penser les choses. Pour les cosmétiques et le fart, l’interdiction interviendrait au 1er janvier 2026, laissant aux filières un temps d’adaptation. Pour les textiles, vu la loi votée il y a quinze jours, tenir compte de leurs composants est une nécessité absolue, mais il faut une fois encore laisser à la filière le temps de s’adapter aux nouvelles dispositions"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p339",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "339",
    "340"
   ],
   "order": 339,
   "text": "Il est bon d’être prudent, mais pas plus prudent que les industriels eux-mêmes, dont beaucoup sont favorables à ce que nous agissions dès maintenant. Peut-être aurait-il fallu procéder à des auditions collectives pour que tout le monde l’entende. Le rapport Isaac-Sibille, qui fait référence sur le sujet, affirme que même pour les ustensiles de cuisine, les PFAS ne sont pas essentiels, et que des alternatives existent. Pour ne parler que des poêles, nous en avons tous chez nous qui n’ont pas de revêtement contenant des PFAS – ou alors je vous invite à aller en acheter rapidement ! Le sous‑amendement CD87 soumet donc les ustensiles de cuisine au même régime d’interdiction que les cosmétiques et le fart Le sous-amendement CD88 fait de même pour la filière textile. En effet, les industriels nous disent être prêts. La seule exception concerne les vêtements de protection destinés aux professionnels de la sécurité et de la sécurité civile, pour lesquels il n’existe pas à ce jour de substitut efficace. L’excès de prudence de mes collègues risque de repousser l’interdiction dans un avenir trop éloigné. La population attend que nous agissions. Il y a eu suffisamment de scandales dans l’histoire. Il faut quatre-vingt-dix jours pour créer une nouvelle molécule et parfois vingt ans pour l’interdire ! Il est urgent d’agir et nécessaire d’intégrer textiles et ustensiles de cuisine au périmètre de l’interdiction. Je voudrais saluer l’esprit d’ouverture du rapporteur dont l’amendement propose un compromis tout à fait acceptable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 243,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p339",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Ne18c4d6a3a10",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est bon d’être prudent, mais pas plus prudent que les industriels eux-mêmes, dont beaucoup sont favorables à ce que nous agissions dès maintenant. Peut-être aurait-il fallu procéder à des auditions collectives pour que tout le monde l’entende. Le rapport Isaac-Sibille, qui fait référence sur le sujet, affirme que même pour les ustensiles de cuisine, les PFAS ne sont pas essentiels, et que des alternatives existent. Pour ne parler que des poêles, nous en avons tous chez nous qui n’ont pas de revêtement contenant des PFAS – ou alors je vous invite à aller en acheter rapidement ! Le sous‑amendement CD87 soumet donc les ustensiles de cuisine au même régime d’interdiction que les cosmétiques et le fart Le sous-amendement CD88 fait de même pour la filière textile. En effet, les industriels nous disent être prêts. La seule exception concerne les vêtements de protection destinés aux professionnels de la sécurité et de la sécurité civile, pour lesquels il n’existe pas à ce jour de substitut efficace. L’excès de prudence de mes collègues risque de repousser l’interdiction dans un avenir trop éloigné. La population attend que nous agissions. Il y a eu suffisamment de scandales dans l’histoire. Il faut quatre-vingt-dix jours pour créer une nouvelle molécule et parfois vingt ans pour l’interdire ! Il est urgent d’agir et nécessaire d’intégrer textiles et ustensiles de cuisine au périmètre de l’interdiction. Je voudrais saluer l’esprit d’ouverture du rapporteur dont l’amendement propose un compromis tout à fait acceptable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p341",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "341"
   ],
   "order": 341,
   "text": "L’amendement CD74 participe de la volonté d’harmoniser la réglementation à l’échelon européen et se cale donc sur les révisions en cours du droit communautaire. Nous saluons cependant le compromis présenté par Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille, qui tient compte des nouvelles propositions du rapporteur, et nous serons favorables à son amendement",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 48,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p341",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nff468e3aa156",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD74 participe de la volonté d’harmoniser la réglementation à l’échelon européen et se cale donc sur les révisions en cours du droit communautaire. Nous saluons cependant le compromis présenté par Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille, qui tient compte des nouvelles propositions du rapporteur, et nous serons favorables à son amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p342",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "342"
   ],
   "order": 342,
   "text": "L’amendement CD59 procède de la même idée : harmoniser et homogénéiser la réglementation au niveau européen afin de protéger notre santé tout en évitant la distorsion de concurrence qui surviendrait si l’on devait importer des substances interdites en France, mais autorisées ailleurs",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p342",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7e24254d3a5a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD59 procède de la même idée : harmoniser et homogénéiser la réglementation au niveau européen afin de protéger notre santé tout en évitant la distorsion de concurrence qui surviendrait si l’on devait importer des substances interdites en France, mais autorisées ailleurs"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p343",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "343",
    "344",
    "345",
    "346",
    "347",
    "348",
    "349",
    "350",
    "351",
    "352",
    "353"
   ],
   "order": 343,
   "text": "Pour les raisons que je vous ai exposées et contrairement à ce que propose le sous-amendement CD94, je ne veux pas conditionner l’interdiction à des actes ou avis de l’UE, d’autant que les seconds n’ont pas de portée normative : une agence comme l’ECHA en formule également, sans effet normatif. Inversement, les règlements européens s’appliquent de plein droit, sans qu’il soit besoin de le préciser dans la loi. Avis défavorable Le sous-amendement CD92 veut supprimer l’interdiction d’importation des produits énumérés, faute de moyens pour les contrôler. Mais il faut faire confiance aux administrations de l’État. Elles ont les moyens de contrôler les marchandises, même importées, comme elles le font d’ailleurs pour d’autres types de produits retirés du marché français : le bisphénol A, certains colorants comme l’E171 – que nous avons interdit avant l’Europe – ou encore la viande contenant des hormones de croissance – interdite encore une fois en France sans attendre l’Europe. La direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) fait un travail formidable. Ses équipes ont toujours su protéger les consommateurs français, ce dont témoigne son compte rendu d’activité, que j’invite chacun à consulter. J’ai pleinement confiance en leur capacité à contrôler les produits. Avis défavorable. Le sous-amendement CD91 propose d’exclure les dispositifs chauffants et les éléments soumis à des frottements de l’interdiction mentionnée à l’alinéa 8. Il me paraît important de ne pas les exclure afin d’encourager les professionnels à trouver le plus rapidement possible des substituts aux PFAS utilisés dans ces appareils. Il ne s’agit que d’accélérer une évolution en cours chez les industriels, qui permettra, sans poser de problèmes fondamentaux, de protéger un peu plus vite la santé publique. Le sous-amendement CD95 propose de réserver l’interdiction aux PFAS dont la toxicité pour la santé a été démontrée. Cela va à l’encontre de la littérature scientifique, qui établit que l’ensemble de la famille des PFAS représente un danger, compte tenu des processus de dégradation que j’évoquais tout à l’heure. Tous présentent un caractère de persistance dans l’environnement qui conduit les scientifiques à les considérer comme des substances préoccupantes. Avis défavorable. Le sous-amendement CD93 vise à élargir la liste des dérogations à certaines professions définies par décret. Mon avis est défavorable car la dérogation à l’interdiction doit rester limitée et surtout être liée aux produits eux-mêmes. Le sous-amendement CD90 laisse trop d’incertitude quant au périmètre des dérogations qui pourraient être définies par décret. Mon amendement CD85 ne prévoit pas de dérogation à caractère général, la seule exception concernant les textiles d’habillement. Les amendements identiques CD67 et CD76 manquent d’ambition en reportant à 2030 l’interdiction des PFAS dans tous les produits textiles, en dépit des alternatives existantes et de la volonté des industriels de limiter, voire de supprimer la présence de PFAS s’agissant des vêtements. Il serait pour le moins étrange d’être moins exigeant que la filière, qui est prête à sortir des PFAS dès 2026. Rappelons que le secteur textile est une source importante de contamination de l’environnement par les PFAS. En outre, ces amendements visent à aligner l’interdiction de la présence de PFAS dans les emballages alimentaires sur le règlement européen en cours de discussion, sans préciser les contours de cette interdiction. Nous tenons au contraire à ce que des efforts soient réalisés dans différents secteurs dès maintenant, indépendamment des discussions européennes, qui seront très longues. Par ailleurs, si un règlement européen exclut la présence de PFAS dans les emballages, il serait absolument inutile de le mentionner aussi dans la loi. Mon avis sur ces amendements est donc défavorable. En revanche, je suis favorable aux sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 du groupe Écologiste visant à ajouter les ustensiles de cuisine et les textiles d’habillement à la liste des produits dans lesquels la présence de PFAS est interdite dès 2026. Quant à l’amendement CD74, j’y suis opposé pour au moins deux raisons. Il ne me semble pas utile de reprendre dans la loi les dispositions du règlement européen sur les emballages qui va être adopté. En outre, aucune interdiction n’est proposée dès 2025, à rebours de l’objet même de la proposition de loi et d’ailleurs des préconisations du rapport Isaac-Sibille. Enfin, l’amendement CD59 limite lui aussi l’interdiction aux PFAS dont la toxicité est démontrée. Encore une fois, cela va à l’encontre de la littérature scientifique qui considère que l’ensemble des PFAS représentent un danger en raison de leur persistance. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 732,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p343",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N1a28a966b744",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour les raisons que je vous ai exposées et contrairement à ce que propose le sous-amendement CD94, je ne veux pas conditionner l’interdiction à des actes ou avis de l’UE, d’autant que les seconds n’ont pas de portée normative : une agence comme l’ECHA en formule également, sans effet normatif. Inversement, les règlements européens s’appliquent de plein droit, sans qu’il soit besoin de le préciser dans la loi. Avis défavorable Le sous-amendement CD92 veut supprimer l’interdiction d’importation des produits énumérés, faute de moyens pour les contrôler. Mais il faut faire confiance aux administrations de l’État. Elles ont les moyens de contrôler les marchandises, même importées, comme elles le font d’ailleurs pour d’autres types de produits retirés du marché français : le bisphénol A, certains colorants comme l’E171 – que nous avons interdit avant l’Europe – ou encore la viande contenant des hormones de croissance – interdite encore une fois en France sans attendre l’Europe. La direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) fait un travail formidable. Ses équipes ont toujours su protéger les consommateurs français, ce dont témoigne son compte rendu d’activité, que j’invite chacun à consulter. J’ai pleinement confiance en leur capacité à contrôler les produits. Avis défavorable. Le sous-amendement CD91 propose d’exclure les dispositifs chauffants et les éléments soumis à des frottements de l’interdiction mentionnée à l’alinéa 8. Il me paraît important de ne pas les exclure afin d’encourager les professionnels à trouver le plus rapidement possible des substituts aux PFAS utilisés dans ces appareils. Il ne s’agit que d’accélérer une évolution en cours chez les industriels, qui permettra, sans poser de problèmes fondamentaux, de protéger un peu plus vite la santé publique. Le sous-amendement CD95 propose de réserver l’interdiction aux PFAS dont la toxicité pour la santé a été démontrée. Cela va à l’encontre de la littérature scientifique, qui établit que l’ensemble de la famille des PFAS représente un danger, compte tenu des processus de dégradation que j’évoquais tout à l’heure. Tous présentent un caractère de persistance dans l’environnement qui conduit les scientifiques à les considérer comme des substances préoccupantes. Avis défavorable. Le sous-amendement CD93 vise à élargir la liste des dérogations à certaines professions définies par décret. Mon avis est défavorable car la dérogation à l’interdiction doit rester limitée et surtout être liée aux produits eux-mêmes. Le sous-amendement CD90 laisse trop d’incertitude quant au périmètre des dérogations qui pourraient être définies par décret. Mon amendement CD85 ne prévoit pas de dérogation à caractère général, la seule exception concernant les textiles d’habillement. Les amendements identiques CD67 et CD76 manquent d’ambition en reportant à 2030 l’interdiction des PFAS dans tous les produits textiles, en dépit des alternatives existantes et de la volonté des industriels de limiter, voire de supprimer la présence de PFAS s’agissant des vêtements. Il serait pour le moins étrange d’être moins exigeant que la filière, qui est prête à sortir des PFAS dès 2026. Rappelons que le secteur textile est une source importante de contamination de l’environnement par les PFAS. En outre, ces amendements visent à aligner l’interdiction de la présence de PFAS dans les emballages alimentaires sur le règlement européen en cours de discussion, sans préciser les contours de cette interdiction. Nous tenons au contraire à ce que des efforts soient réalisés dans différents secteurs dès maintenant, indépendamment des discussions européennes, qui seront très longues. Par ailleurs, si un règlement européen exclut la présence de PFAS dans les emballages, il serait absolument inutile de le mentionner aussi dans la loi. Mon avis sur ces amendements est donc défavorable. En revanche, je suis favorable aux sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 du groupe [GROUPE] visant à ajouter les ustensiles de cuisine et les textiles d’habillement à la liste des produits dans lesquels la présence de PFAS est interdite dès 2026. Quant à l’amendement CD74, j’y suis opposé pour au moins deux raisons. Il ne me semble pas utile de reprendre dans la loi les dispositions du règlement européen sur les emballages qui va être adopté. En outre, aucune interdiction n’est proposée dès 2025, à rebours de l’objet même de la proposition de loi et d’ailleurs des préconisations du rapport Isaac-Sibille. Enfin, l’amendement CD59 limite lui aussi l’interdiction aux PFAS dont la toxicité est démontrée. Encore une fois, cela va à l’encontre de la littérature scientifique qui considère que l’ensemble des PFAS représentent un danger en raison de leur persistance. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p354",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "354"
   ],
   "order": 354,
   "text": "Je soutiens l’amendement de compromis présenté par le rapporteur. Au sujet de la fast fashion, nous avons démontré notre capacité à trouver un consensus sur un texte, même s’il est moins ambitieux que ce que nous aurions souhaité. Il en va de même pour la présente proposition de loi : le rapporteur a revu son ambition pour parvenir à un compromis. La réécriture qu’il propose est équilibrée et réaliste puisqu’elle tient compte du point de vue des industriels et de ce qu’il est possible de faire aujourd’hui",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p354",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N8e3882c1387d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je soutiens l’amendement de compromis présenté par le rapporteur. Au sujet de la fast fashion, nous avons démontré notre capacité à trouver un consensus sur un texte, même s’il est moins ambitieux que ce que nous aurions souhaité. Il en va de même pour la présente proposition de loi : le rapporteur a revu son ambition pour parvenir à un compromis. La réécriture qu’il propose est équilibrée et réaliste puisqu’elle tient compte du point de vue des industriels et de ce qu’il est possible de faire aujourd’hui"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p355",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "355",
    "356"
   ],
   "order": 355,
   "text": "J’invite tous ceux qui cherchent à circonscrire les PFAS visés par l’interdiction à lire le rapport de l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, dans lequel sont établis les liens entre PFAS et cholestérol, diminution du poids à la naissance, perturbation du fonctionnement du foie et moindre réponse aux vaccins pour les enfants. Méditons bien cela avant de nous prononcer Le groupe de La France insoumise votera votre amendement, monsieur le rapporteur, car il faut avancer. Nous aurions évidemment préféré conserver la rédaction initiale, qui répond mieux à notre exigence d’agir vite et bien. La commission des affaires européennes aura l’occasion d’y revenir puisque le règlement Reach nous permet de légiférer maintenant, de sorte que le calendrier que vous préconisiez, avec des interdictions dès 2025 et 2027, soit tenu. Nous regrettons également que la mention de « tout produit destiné à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires » ait disparu dans la nouvelle rédaction.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 154,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p355",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N74d805e56b92",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’invite tous ceux qui cherchent à circonscrire les PFAS visés par l’interdiction à lire le rapport de l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, dans lequel sont établis les liens entre PFAS et cholestérol, diminution du poids à la naissance, perturbation du fonctionnement du foie et moindre réponse aux vaccins pour les enfants. Méditons bien cela avant de nous prononcer Le groupe de [GROUPE] votera votre amendement, monsieur le rapporteur, car il faut avancer. Nous aurions évidemment préféré conserver la rédaction initiale, qui répond mieux à notre exigence d’agir vite et bien. La commission des affaires européennes aura l’occasion d’y revenir puisque le règlement Reach nous permet de légiférer maintenant, de sorte que le calendrier que vous préconisiez, avec des interdictions dès 2025 et 2027, soit tenu. Nous regrettons également que la mention de « tout produit destiné à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires » ait disparu dans la nouvelle rédaction."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p358",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "358",
    "359",
    "360"
   ],
   "order": 358,
   "text": "Nombre d’intervenants se réfèrent à mon rapport J’insiste sur la distinction entre monomères et polymères. Les premiers, tensioactifs, sont dangereux pour la santé ; les études sont moins affirmatives sur les seconds. Des travaux complémentaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre de quelle manière ils se dégradent. Je rappelle que tous les tuyaux, les joints, les vannes, etc. soumis à des contraintes de pression ou de chaleur sont fabriqués avec des polymères. Nous sommes d’accord sur l’interdiction des monomères, que ce soit dans les farts, les cosmétiques, les textiles ou les emballages alimentaires. Les ustensiles de cuisine, eux, sont composés de polymères dont on ignore le devenir exact. Je n’ai jamais écrit dans mon rapport qu’il existait des substituts à ces polymères. Leur interdiction pourrait donc avoir des conséquences industrielles.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 128,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p358",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N2df4589b1a89",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nombre d’intervenants se réfèrent à mon rapport J’insiste sur la distinction entre monomères et polymères. Les premiers, tensioactifs, sont dangereux pour la santé ; les études sont moins affirmatives sur les seconds. Des travaux complémentaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre de quelle manière ils se dégradent. Je rappelle que tous les tuyaux, les joints, les vannes, etc. soumis à des contraintes de pression ou de chaleur sont fabriqués avec des polymères. Nous sommes d’accord sur l’interdiction des monomères, que ce soit dans les farts, les cosmétiques, les textiles ou les emballages alimentaires. Les ustensiles de cuisine, eux, sont composés de polymères dont on ignore le devenir exact. Je n’ai jamais écrit dans mon rapport qu’il existait des substituts à ces polymères. Leur interdiction pourrait donc avoir des conséquences industrielles."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p361",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "361"
   ],
   "order": 361,
   "text": "Je veux dire mon étonnement devant des amendements qui fixent des seuils de concentration au-dessous desquels les PFAS restent autorisés. Je pourrais le comprendre pour des molécules dégradables, mais comment serait-ce envisageable pour des molécules persistantes, qui, de surcroît, s’accumulent ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p361",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N2fa460b2d95b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux dire mon étonnement devant des amendements qui fixent des seuils de concentration au-dessous desquels les PFAS restent autorisés. Je pourrais le comprendre pour des molécules dégradables, mais comment serait-ce envisageable pour des molécules persistantes, qui, de surcroît, s’accumulent ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p362",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "362",
    "363",
    "364",
    "365"
   ],
   "order": 362,
   "text": "Je remercie le rapporteur pour l’esprit d’ouverture dont il fait preuve en proposant une réécriture Nous sommes tous d’accord pour accélérer. D’autres points font consensus, et nous pouvons nous en féliciter : l’interdiction au 1er janvier 2026 pour les produits cosmétiques et de fart ; l’interdiction au 1er janvier 2030 pour les produits textiles ; la conformité au règlement Reach pour les emballages. Il reste des points de divergence. J’aurais préféré que la discussion ait lieu en amont de la commission. L’amendement de réécriture nous est parvenu tardivement hier – ce n’est pas un reproche, je connais les contraintes de la fabrication de la loi, mais nous aurions pu travailler à un amendement commun. Je fais confiance néanmoins à l’excellent professeur Isaac-Sibille pour savoir, sur l’interdiction des PFAS, placer le curseur au bon endroit. Les amendements CD67 et CD76 me paraissent proposer le meilleur équilibre possible sur le sujet, mais nous pouvons encore discuter d’ici à la séance.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 158,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p362",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N54342a9e17fd",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie le rapporteur pour l’esprit d’ouverture dont il fait preuve en proposant une réécriture Nous sommes tous d’accord pour accélérer. D’autres points font consensus, et nous pouvons nous en féliciter : l’interdiction au 1er janvier 2026 pour les produits cosmétiques et de fart ; l’interdiction au 1er janvier 2030 pour les produits textiles ; la conformité au règlement Reach pour les emballages. Il reste des points de divergence. J’aurais préféré que la discussion ait lieu en amont de la commission. L’amendement de réécriture nous est parvenu tardivement hier – ce n’est pas un reproche, je connais les contraintes de la fabrication de la loi, mais nous aurions pu travailler à un amendement commun. Je fais confiance néanmoins à l’excellent professeur Isaac-Sibille pour savoir, sur l’interdiction des PFAS, placer le curseur au bon endroit. Les amendements CD67 et CD76 me paraissent proposer le meilleur équilibre possible sur le sujet, mais nous pouvons encore discuter d’ici à la séance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642935",
   "speaker": "Olivier Becht",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Becht (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p366",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "366"
   ],
   "order": 366,
   "text": "Autant les monomères sont dangereux pour la santé, autant nous avons besoin des polymères fluorés, notamment dans la fabrication des matériels médicaux et des semi-conducteurs. Prenons garde à ne pas nous tirer une balle dans le pied",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p366",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nbfd37cecbfee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Autant les monomères sont dangereux pour la santé, autant nous avons besoin des polymères fluorés, notamment dans la fabrication des matériels médicaux et des semi-conducteurs. Prenons garde à ne pas nous tirer une balle dans le pied"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p367",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "367",
    "368",
    "369"
   ],
   "order": 367,
   "text": "Il ne peut y avoir surtransposition dès lors qu’il n’existe pas encore de texte européen. La proposition de loi doit être ambitieuse pour servir d’aiguillon pour la future réglementation européenne Certains affirment que l’utilisation des polymères ne pose pas de problème. On sait, en revanche, que leur dégradation en pose – il peut en résulter une production incontrôlée de PFAS. Pour vous en persuader, je vous recommande les travaux de Ian Cousins, spécialiste européen des PFAS. En outre, l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques rappelle dans sa proposition les risques liés aux polymères et à leur dégradation en monomères. L’OCDE, qui a établi une définition des PFAS, est sur la même ligne. L’excellent rapport de M. Isaac-Sibille conclut à la nécessité d’une réglementation qui a pour but de restreindre la famille des PFAS plutôt que de travailler substance par substance. Il invite également à s’appuyer sur la définition des PFAS proposée par l’OCDE, qui inclut toutes les substances comprenant des polymères fluorés. En bon élève, je n’ai fait que reprendre ces recommandations.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD85 du rapporteur et sous-amendements CD94 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD92 et CD91 de M. Pierre Meurin, CD95 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD93 et CD90 de M. Pierre Meurin ; amendements identiques CD67 de M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille et CD76 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland et sous-amendements CD87 et CD88 de M. Charles Fournier ; amendement CD74 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat et amendement CD59 de M. Pierre Vatin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 171,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p367",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Ned087c48dc22",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne peut y avoir surtransposition dès lors qu’il n’existe pas encore de texte européen. La proposition de loi doit être ambitieuse pour servir d’aiguillon pour la future réglementation européenne Certains affirment que l’utilisation des polymères ne pose pas de problème. On sait, en revanche, que leur dégradation en pose – il peut en résulter une production incontrôlée de PFAS. Pour vous en persuader, je vous recommande les travaux de Ian Cousins, spécialiste européen des PFAS. En outre, l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques rappelle dans sa proposition les risques liés aux polymères et à leur dégradation en monomères. L’OCDE, qui a établi une définition des PFAS, est sur la même ligne. L’excellent rapport de M. Isaac-Sibille conclut à la nécessité d’une réglementation qui a pour but de restreindre la famille des PFAS plutôt que de travailler substance par substance. Il invite également à s’appuyer sur la définition des PFAS proposée par l’OCDE, qui inclut toutes les substances comprenant des polymères fluorés. En bon élève, je n’ai fait que reprendre ces recommandations."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "374"
   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à demander un rapport au Gouvernement sur les contrôles qu’il compte instaurer pour faire respecter l’interdiction d’importation de produits contenant des PFAS. Cette question, d’autant plus pertinente si nos voisins européens n’appliquent pas l’interdiction, est l’un des angles morts de la proposition de loi",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD62 de M. Pierre Vatin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p374",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N94a9655eb3f3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à demander un rapport au Gouvernement sur les contrôles qu’il compte instaurer pour faire respecter l’interdiction d’importation de produits contenant des PFAS. Cette question, d’autant plus pertinente si nos voisins européens n’appliquent pas l’interdiction, est l’un des angles morts de la proposition de loi"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p379",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "379",
    "380"
   ],
   "order": 379,
   "text": "Je suis bien sûr opposé à la suppression du II de de l’article 1er, qui a pour objet de généraliser la surveillance de la présence de PFAS dans l’eau potable dès la promulgation de la loi. Ce contrôle devrait être obligatoire en 2026, mais cela signifie qu’un temps précieux sera perdu pour faire des mesures et quantifier ces substances Face à l’inquiétude croissante dans tous les territoires, nourrie notamment par les révélations de plusieurs enquêtes journalistiques, nous devons la transparence à nos concitoyens. Pour un territoire touché par une pollution, rester dans le doute jusqu’en 2026, c’est une éternité. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD44 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p379",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nfe2b7d2c0ee1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ST",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis bien sûr opposé à la suppression du II de de l’article 1er, qui a pour objet de généraliser la surveillance de la présence de PFAS dans l’eau potable dès la promulgation de la loi. Ce contrôle devrait être obligatoire en 2026, mais cela signifie qu’un temps précieux sera perdu pour faire des mesures et quantifier ces substances Face à l’inquiétude croissante dans tous les territoires, nourrie notamment par les révélations de plusieurs enquêtes journalistiques, nous devons la transparence à nos concitoyens. Pour un territoire touché par une pollution, rester dans le doute jusqu’en 2026, c’est une éternité. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p393",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "393"
   ],
   "order": 393,
   "text": "L’amendement a pour objet de ne pas limiter les substances recherchées dans l’eau aux vingt PFAS listés dans la directive relative à la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD69 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p393",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N1dd05c7c53e8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement a pour objet de ne pas limiter les substances recherchées dans l’eau aux vingt PFAS listés dans la directive relative à la qualité des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p394",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "394"
   ],
   "order": 394,
   "text": "Vous voulez fixer par décret la liste des PFAS contrôlés. Or l’objectif est de pouvoir contrôler tous les PFAS et de laisser aux autorités sanitaires des territoires la capacité de rechercher des polluants éternels spécifiques en fonction de l’histoire économique et industrielle locale – nous avons déjà évoqué la pollution liée au TFA à Salindres dans le Gard. Mon avis est défavorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD69 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p394",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N6b3be53e7fb0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous voulez fixer par décret la liste des PFAS contrôlés. Or l’objectif est de pouvoir contrôler tous les PFAS et de laisser aux autorités sanitaires des territoires la capacité de rechercher des polluants éternels spécifiques en fonction de l’histoire économique et industrielle locale – nous avons déjà évoqué la pollution liée au TFA à Salindres dans le Gard. Mon avis est défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p395",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "395",
    "396"
   ],
   "order": 395,
   "text": "L’histoire industrielle des territoires est importante. Dans mon cas personnel, on ne trouve pas forcément de lien entre mon taux de contamination aux PFAS, dix fois plus élevé que celui de certains collègues, et mon territoire. On sait cependant que celui-ci a connu, il y a trente ans, un accident industriel majeur qui a nécessité une utilisation massive de mousses anti-incendie, et que l’eau potable a été coupée pendant huit jours pour 200 000 habitants. C’est une hypothèse parmi d’autres qui peut expliquer ma contamination Il est indispensable de pouvoir explorer de manière très large la présence des PFAS.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD69 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p395",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N76bf5b1bd60c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’histoire industrielle des territoires est importante. Dans mon cas personnel, on ne trouve pas forcément de lien entre mon taux de contamination aux PFAS, dix fois plus élevé que celui de certains collègues, et mon territoire. On sait cependant que celui-ci a connu, il y a trente ans, un accident industriel majeur qui a nécessité une utilisation massive de mousses anti-incendie, et que l’eau potable a été coupée pendant huit jours pour 200 000 habitants. C’est une hypothèse parmi d’autres qui peut expliquer ma contamination Il est indispensable de pouvoir explorer de manière très large la présence des PFAS."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p397",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "397"
   ],
   "order": 397,
   "text": "Il est souhaitable de ne pas se limiter aux vingt PFAS reconnus par la directive, pour tenir compte certes de l’histoire des territoires, mais aussi du processus de dégradation. Je suis presque plus ambitieux que vous !",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD69 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p397",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd3edcd09f8bf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est souhaitable de ne pas se limiter aux vingt PFAS reconnus par la directive, pour tenir compte certes de l’histoire des territoires, mais aussi du processus de dégradation. Je suis presque plus ambitieux que vous !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "399"
   ],
   "order": 399,
   "text": "J’ai l’impression qu’avec ses arguments, M. Isaac‑Sibille défend plutôt ma rédaction ! Je propose de laisser aux autorités de contrôle régionales la liberté d’investiguer et de contrôler la présence d’un maximum de polluants éternels. La liste dont il demande l’établissement par décret sera nécessairement plus restrictive. Nous partageons le même objectif : trouver le plus grand nombre de PFAS, certains étant circonscrits à des zones particulières. Je ne comprends pas bien l’objet de notre discussion car il me semble que nous sommes d’accord, auquel cas il ne faut pas toucher à notre rédaction",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD69 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p399",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N66606e73c410",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai l’impression qu’avec ses arguments, M. Isaac‑Sibille défend plutôt ma rédaction ! Je propose de laisser aux autorités de contrôle régionales la liberté d’investiguer et de contrôler la présence d’un maximum de polluants éternels. La liste dont il demande l’établissement par décret sera nécessairement plus restrictive. Nous partageons le même objectif : trouver le plus grand nombre de PFAS, certains étant circonscrits à des zones particulières. Je ne comprends pas bien l’objet de notre discussion car il me semble que nous sommes d’accord, auquel cas il ne faut pas toucher à notre rédaction"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p404",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "404",
    "405",
    "406",
    "407"
   ],
   "order": 404,
   "text": "Mon amendement vise à cartographier les principaux sites et communes concernés par une pollution aux PFAS En Europe, on recense 17 000 sites contaminés – au-delà de 10 nanogrammes par litre –, dont 2 100 à des niveaux dangereux pour la santé. Il s’agit d’affiner ce travail pour le territoire national. Cet amendement est inspiré de la recommandation 8 du rapport de l’Igedd concernant l’analyse des risques de présence de PFAS dans l’environnement, ainsi que du rapport de M. Isaac-Sibille. La cartographie sera mise à jour annuellement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD11 de Mme Chantal Jourdan et CD33 de M. Jorys Bovet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p404",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N8d835e5745c0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement vise à cartographier les principaux sites et communes concernés par une pollution aux PFAS En Europe, on recense 17 000 sites contaminés – au-delà de 10 nanogrammes par litre –, dont 2 100 à des niveaux dangereux pour la santé. Il s’agit d’affiner ce travail pour le territoire national. Cet amendement est inspiré de la recommandation 8 du rapport de l’Igedd concernant l’analyse des risques de présence de PFAS dans l’environnement, ainsi que du rapport de M. Isaac-Sibille. La cartographie sera mise à jour annuellement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p408",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "408"
   ],
   "order": 408,
   "text": "Créer une cartographie des sites ayant pu émettre des PFAS me semble une idée très pertinente afin de mesurer les risques qu’encourt la population. Cela permettrait également au Gouvernement de définir une liste des communes les plus exposées. Avis favorable à l’amendement CD11, le CD33 étant moins précis",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD11 de Mme Chantal Jourdan et CD33 de M. Jorys Bovet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 48,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p408",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N88094bc3125b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Créer une cartographie des sites ayant pu émettre des PFAS me semble une idée très pertinente afin de mesurer les risques qu’encourt la population. Cela permettrait également au Gouvernement de définir une liste des communes les plus exposées. Avis favorable à l’amendement CD11, le CD33 étant moins précis"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p409",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "409"
   ],
   "order": 409,
   "text": "Cette demande n’est-elle pas déjà satisfaite par la classification et le régime applicables aux sites susceptibles de rejeter des polluants éternels ? Je pense notamment aux installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement (ICPE)",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD11 de Mme Chantal Jourdan et CD33 de M. Jorys Bovet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p409",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7fa8218abbc0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cette demande n’est-elle pas déjà satisfaite par la classification et le régime applicables aux sites susceptibles de rejeter des polluants éternels ? Je pense notamment aux installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement (ICPE)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p410",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "410",
    "411",
    "412"
   ],
   "order": 410,
   "text": "Je soutiens l’amendement CD11. Les PFAS évoluent dans le temps. Il en existe entre 4 000 et 12 000 et la réglementation évoquée ne couvre pas forcément tous les usages J’en profite pour saluer le travail de cartographie exceptionnel mené par un consortium de journalistes, parmi lesquels Stéphane Horel, du journal Le Monde. Les quelques erreurs que ce travail comporte s’expliquent par le fait que les données fournies par l’État n’étaient pas toujours exactes. Il faut donc un travail approfondi, et cette cartographie me paraît plus que nécessaire. Je vous invite à aller regarder ce qui existe déjà pour savoir ce qu’il en est pour votre territoire : les sites de concentration de PFAS apparaissent en rouge. Sur la carte européenne, il y a du rouge partout ! Cela montre le caractère généralisé de cette pollution. La cartographie doit permettre de répertorier les sites de production, mais également de diffusion des PFAS. Grâce à la généralisation des tests prévue dans l’article 2, nous aurons également une meilleure connaissance de la présence de PFAS dans les territoires.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD11 de Mme Chantal Jourdan et CD33 de M. Jorys Bovet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 176,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p410",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N68ef0f6ef13a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je soutiens l’amendement CD11. Les PFAS évoluent dans le temps. Il en existe entre 4 000 et 12 000 et la réglementation évoquée ne couvre pas forcément tous les usages J’en profite pour saluer le travail de cartographie exceptionnel mené par un consortium de journalistes, parmi lesquels Stéphane Horel, du journal Le Monde. Les quelques erreurs que ce travail comporte s’expliquent par le fait que les données fournies par l’État n’étaient pas toujours exactes. Il faut donc un travail approfondi, et cette cartographie me paraît plus que nécessaire. Je vous invite à aller regarder ce qui existe déjà pour savoir ce qu’il en est pour votre territoire : les sites de concentration de PFAS apparaissent en rouge. Sur la carte européenne, il y a du rouge partout ! Cela montre le caractère généralisé de cette pollution. La cartographie doit permettre de répertorier les sites de production, mais également de diffusion des PFAS. Grâce à la généralisation des tests prévue dans l’article 2, nous aurons également une meilleure connaissance de la présence de PFAS dans les territoires."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p413",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "413"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "Pour répondre à M. Cazeneuve, il n’est pas proposé de cartographier que les sites, mais également les communes les plus exposées. Or certaines n’ont pas proprement d’ICPE sur leur territoire",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD11 de Mme Chantal Jourdan et CD33 de M. Jorys Bovet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p413",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Na8f5c46ce8bc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour répondre à M. Cazeneuve, il n’est pas proposé de cartographier que les sites, mais également les communes les plus exposées. Or certaines n’ont pas proprement d’ICPE sur leur territoire"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p418",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "418",
    "419"
   ],
   "order": 418,
   "text": "Nous souhaitons que le contrôle de la qualité de l’air prenne lui aussi en considération la présence de PFAS Les PFAS sont partout, y compris dans les aliments. On peut imaginer que la pollution de l’air par les PFAS soit tout aussi néfaste que la contamination de l’eau. À cet égard, nous prônons la tolérance zéro pour les émissions de PFAS, qu’il s’agisse des cheminées de sites de production ou des incinérateurs de déchets ménagers – pollution effective dès lors que la température est inférieure à 1 400 degrés. Nous avons déposé des amendements en ce sens.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD22 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p418",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N2c3eca9684db",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous souhaitons que le contrôle de la qualité de l’air prenne lui aussi en considération la présence de PFAS Les PFAS sont partout, y compris dans les aliments. On peut imaginer que la pollution de l’air par les PFAS soit tout aussi néfaste que la contamination de l’eau. À cet égard, nous prônons la tolérance zéro pour les émissions de PFAS, qu’il s’agisse des cheminées de sites de production ou des incinérateurs de déchets ménagers – pollution effective dès lors que la température est inférieure à 1 400 degrés. Nous avons déposé des amendements en ce sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "420",
    "421",
    "422"
   ],
   "order": 420,
   "text": "La présence de PFAS dans l’air n’est pas contrôlée aujourd’hui, faute de méthodologie. Leur persistance ainsi que la sensibilité de la population à ces polluants dans l’air sont des phénomènes mal connus L’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, qui est l’observatoire de la qualité de l’air de la région, développe actuellement une méthodologie qui devrait ensuite être déployée dans les autres régions. J’émets un avis favorable car il me semble très utile, pour mieux connaître l’exposition de la population, de pouvoir contrôler la présence de PFAS dans l’air et de les quantifier, à l’instar de ce qui va être fait pour l’eau potable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD22 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 100,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p420",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nf2c31d94b8bc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La présence de PFAS dans l’air n’est pas contrôlée aujourd’hui, faute de méthodologie. Leur persistance ainsi que la sensibilité de la population à ces polluants dans l’air sont des phénomènes mal connus L’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, qui est l’observatoire de la qualité de l’air de la région, développe actuellement une méthodologie qui devrait ensuite être déployée dans les autres régions. J’émets un avis favorable car il me semble très utile, pour mieux connaître l’exposition de la population, de pouvoir contrôler la présence de PFAS dans l’air et de les quantifier, à l’instar de ce qui va être fait pour l’eau potable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "423",
    "424",
    "425"
   ],
   "order": 423,
   "text": "Soyons prudents. Laissons le temps aux Atmo de développer des outils. Il est préférable de demander au Gouvernement de traiter le sujet dans le cadre du plan d’action PFAS en renforçant le rôle des Atmo Les structures de surveillance de la qualité de l’air sont régionales. Leurs outils s’adaptent aux pollutions de leur territoire. L’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes a commencé un travail sur le sujet, laissons les structures développer leur expertise avec le soutien de l’État. L’amendement, qui tend à rendre le contrôle obligatoire, me semble prématuré.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD22 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p423",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N5a6d0ca6e24c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Soyons prudents. Laissons le temps aux Atmo de développer des outils. Il est préférable de demander au Gouvernement de traiter le sujet dans le cadre du plan d’action PFAS en renforçant le rôle des Atmo Les structures de surveillance de la qualité de l’air sont régionales. Leurs outils s’adaptent aux pollutions de leur territoire. L’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes a commencé un travail sur le sujet, laissons les structures développer leur expertise avec le soutien de l’État. L’amendement, qui tend à rendre le contrôle obligatoire, me semble prématuré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p427",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "427",
    "428"
   ],
   "order": 427,
   "text": "Nous sommes aujourd’hui freinés par la métrologie : les technologies pour détecter et mesurer ces substances dans l’air ne sont pas encore au point. L’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes mène un travail sur le sujet. Faisons confiance à nos scientifiques. Une fois que la méthodologie sera mise au point, elle pourra être déployée dans les autres régions puis intégrée dans les plans de protection de l’atmosphère, voire dans le Plan national de réduction des émissions de polluants atmosphériques (Prepa) L’amendement est donc prématuré pour des raisons scientifiques. Il ne faut pas y voir une position politique : si l’on veut être responsable, il faut laisser l’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes poursuivre son travail. Une fois que l’outil sera prêt, nous pourrons militer auprès du ministère pour son déploiement au niveau national.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD22 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 127,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p427",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N12da4f59091f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes aujourd’hui freinés par la métrologie : les technologies pour détecter et mesurer ces substances dans l’air ne sont pas encore au point. L’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes mène un travail sur le sujet. Faisons confiance à nos scientifiques. Une fois que la méthodologie sera mise au point, elle pourra être déployée dans les autres régions puis intégrée dans les plans de protection de l’atmosphère, voire dans le Plan national de réduction des émissions de polluants atmosphériques (Prepa) L’amendement est donc prématuré pour des raisons scientifiques. Il ne faut pas y voir une position politique : si l’on veut être responsable, il faut laisser l’Atmo Auvergne Rhône-Alpes poursuivre son travail. Une fois que l’outil sera prêt, nous pourrons militer auprès du ministère pour son déploiement au niveau national."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p429",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "429",
    "430"
   ],
   "order": 429,
   "text": "Il y a toujours une raison technique pour ne pas faire ! Sur ces sujets, le pied est plus souvent sur le frein que sur l’accélérateur Si vous considérez que c’est important, proposez un sous-amendement fixant un délai de mise en œuvre, plutôt que de vous en remettre à une hypothétique solution. Travaillons d’ici à la séance publique pour préciser les conditions dans lesquelles cette ambition peut se réaliser, au lieu de renoncer devant l’incertitude. La santé humaine est en jeu. Nous devons trouver une solution.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD22 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p429",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N707e99b8e178",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a toujours une raison technique pour ne pas faire ! Sur ces sujets, le pied est plus souvent sur le frein que sur l’accélérateur Si vous considérez que c’est important, proposez un sous-amendement fixant un délai de mise en œuvre, plutôt que de vous en remettre à une hypothétique solution. Travaillons d’ici à la séance publique pour préciser les conditions dans lesquelles cette ambition peut se réaliser, au lieu de renoncer devant l’incertitude. La santé humaine est en jeu. Nous devons trouver une solution."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne, président.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p431",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "431"
   ],
   "order": 431,
   "text": "Tout le monde est d’accord pour mesurer les PFAS dans la pollution de l’air. M. Fugit a raison : il n’y a aucun intérêt à voter une mesure qui n’a aucune chance de s’appliquer. Je vous invite à vous rapprocher du rapporteur pour trouver un délai raisonnable d’ici à la séance publique",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD22 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p431",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Naf634fc14e1f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Tout le monde est d’accord pour mesurer les PFAS dans la pollution de l’air. M. Fugit a raison : il n’y a aucun intérêt à voter une mesure qui n’a aucune chance de s’appliquer. Je vous invite à vous rapprocher du rapporteur pour trouver un délai raisonnable d’ici à la séance publique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "435"
   ],
   "order": 435,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à prévenir les risqués liés aux PFAS grâce à une campagne nationale de sensibilisation. Les scientifiques, et notamment l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), nous alertent sur les risques que les PFAS représentent pour la santé. Ces substances, qui sont utilisées dans de nombreux produits de la vie courante, peuvent favoriser le développement de cancers et l’infertilité, avoir des effets sur le développement du fœtus, ou encore entraîner des problèmes endocriniens ou immunitaires. Leur effet le plus dangereux, aux yeux de l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, est la diminution de la réponse du système immunitaire à la vaccination. Cette mesure est issue d’une recommandation de l’Igedd",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD12 de Mme Chantal Jourdan",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p435",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N6031cea1367a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à prévenir les risqués liés aux PFAS grâce à une campagne nationale de sensibilisation. Les scientifiques, et notamment l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), nous alertent sur les risques que les PFAS représentent pour la santé. Ces substances, qui sont utilisées dans de nombreux produits de la vie courante, peuvent favoriser le développement de cancers et l’infertilité, avoir des effets sur le développement du fœtus, ou encore entraîner des problèmes endocriniens ou immunitaires. Leur effet le plus dangereux, aux yeux de l’Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments, est la diminution de la réponse du système immunitaire à la vaccination. Cette mesure est issue d’une recommandation de l’Igedd"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "436",
    "437"
   ],
   "order": 436,
   "text": "Vous demandez un rapport sur la mise en œuvre d’une campagne nationale de sensibilisation aux PFAS. S’il est important d’informer la population, il faut veiller à ne pas multiplier les demandes de rapport. En outre, cet amendement supprimerait la seule demande de rapport contenue dans la proposition de loi, sur un sujet lié au contrôle sanitaire de l’eau potable. Avis défavorable L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD12 de Mme Chantal Jourdan",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p436",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N04e60a417b83",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous demandez un rapport sur la mise en œuvre d’une campagne nationale de sensibilisation aux PFAS. S’il est important d’informer la population, il faut veiller à ne pas multiplier les demandes de rapport. En outre, cet amendement supprimerait la seule demande de rapport contenue dans la proposition de loi, sur un sujet lié au contrôle sanitaire de l’eau potable. Avis défavorable L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720668",
   "speaker": "Emmanuel Blairy",
   "quality": "M. Emmanuel Blairy (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p440",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "440",
    "441"
   ],
   "order": 440,
   "text": "Après le temps de l’interdiction viendra celui de la dépollution, qui est complexe et très coûteuse, comme on le voit notamment aux États-Unis et en Chine. L’amendement CD15 vise à intégrer dans le rapport prévu à l’alinéa 16 une étude sur la dépollution Le CD14 a pour objet d’étendre le champ du rapport aux émissions de PFAS dans l’atmosphère, qu’il convient de surveiller et de limiter afin de réduire leur impact sur l’environnement et la santé humaine.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD15 et CD14 de M. Emmanuel Blairy",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 77,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p440",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd34148ed417c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Après le temps de l’interdiction viendra celui de la dépollution, qui est complexe et très coûteuse, comme on le voit notamment aux États-Unis et en Chine. L’amendement CD15 vise à intégrer dans le rapport prévu à l’alinéa 16 une étude sur la dépollution Le CD14 a pour objet d’étendre le champ du rapport aux émissions de PFAS dans l’atmosphère, qu’il convient de surveiller et de limiter afin de réduire leur impact sur l’environnement et la santé humaine."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p442",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "442"
   ],
   "order": 442,
   "text": "Le rapport pourrait certes aborder de nombreux sujets, mais je souhaite qu’il conserve son objet initial, qui est de déterminer les nouvelles valeurs de référence pour le contrôle sanitaire ou, du moins, d’indiquer comment les agences sanitaires peuvent mettre à jour les valeurs de référence et en déterminer de nouvelles. Avis défavorable sur les deux amendements",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD15 et CD14 de M. Emmanuel Blairy",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p442",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N1211389be300",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le rapport pourrait certes aborder de nombreux sujets, mais je souhaite qu’il conserve son objet initial, qui est de déterminer les nouvelles valeurs de référence pour le contrôle sanitaire ou, du moins, d’indiquer comment les agences sanitaires peuvent mettre à jour les valeurs de référence et en déterminer de nouvelles. Avis défavorable sur les deux amendements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p446",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "446"
   ],
   "order": 446,
   "text": "Le groupe Solvay, qui a une usine à Salindres, a lancé un plan pluriannuel d’investissements de 20 millions d’euros sur cinq ans pour le traitement des déchets et l’amélioration des canalisations et des systèmes de traitement des effluents. Ces mesures limiteront la pollution future aux PFAS, mais la pollution existante demeurera, à l’image de la montagne de déchets de Salindres. Le Gouvernement doit donc définir une stratégie et établir une feuille de route en matière de dépollution, et non pas seulement soumettre les industriels à des mesures d’interdiction",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD45 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p322",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 88,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p446",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nbcf8c6620e6b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe Solvay, qui a une usine à Salindres, a lancé un plan pluriannuel d’investissements de 20 millions d’euros sur cinq ans pour le traitement des déchets et l’amélioration des canalisations et des systèmes de traitement des effluents. Ces mesures limiteront la pollution future aux PFAS, mais la pollution existante demeurera, à l’image de la montagne de déchets de Salindres. Le Gouvernement doit donc définir une stratégie et établir une feuille de route en matière de dépollution, et non pas seulement soumettre les industriels à des mesures d’interdiction"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p457",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "457"
   ],
   "order": 457,
   "text": "L’urgence, à mes yeux, consiste à interdire les rejets et à traiter l’eau que boivent nos concitoyens. On connaîtra bientôt les résultats du plan gouvernemental de surveillance des rejets aqueux de 5 000 ICPE. La question est de savoir si l’on continue à admettre les rejets de PFAS alors qu’il existe des moyens de les éviter. Dans le Rhône, deux usines ont rejeté massivement des PFAS pendant des décennies jusqu’à ce qu’un arrêté préfectoral soit pris, à la suite des révélations de mai 2022, imposant à ces installations chimiques une restriction de leurs rejets par paliers, suivant un certain calendrier. De la même façon, un arrêté ministériel pourrait être pris pour réduire progressivement ces rejets à l’échelle nationale, jusqu’à leur suppression",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p457",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nfa68ba0bfe54",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’urgence, à mes yeux, consiste à interdire les rejets et à traiter l’eau que boivent nos concitoyens. On connaîtra bientôt les résultats du plan gouvernemental de surveillance des rejets aqueux de 5 000 ICPE. La question est de savoir si l’on continue à admettre les rejets de PFAS alors qu’il existe des moyens de les éviter. Dans le Rhône, deux usines ont rejeté massivement des PFAS pendant des décennies jusqu’à ce qu’un arrêté préfectoral soit pris, à la suite des révélations de mai 2022, imposant à ces installations chimiques une restriction de leurs rejets par paliers, suivant un certain calendrier. De la même façon, un arrêté ministériel pourrait être pris pour réduire progressivement ces rejets à l’échelle nationale, jusqu’à leur suppression"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "458"
   ],
   "order": 458,
   "text": "Le plan d’action de 2023 a établi une feuille de route visant à déterminer le niveau des rejets des sites classés ICPE. À cette fin, un arrêté de juin 2023 a imposé aux industriels de réaliser des analyses et de déclarer les PFAS qu’ils utilisent. L’amendement CD10, que j’avais déjà présenté l’année dernière, vise à ce que les rejets aqueux et les effluents gazeux respectent des valeurs limites à partir du 1er janvier 2025, soit un an et demi après l’entrée en vigueur de l’arrêté – on avait alors estimé qu’il faudrait environ un an pour collecter ces données. L’objectif est de tendre vers zéro en attendant l’interdiction totale de production des PFAS",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p458",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N817d46ea2f8e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le plan d’action de 2023 a établi une feuille de route visant à déterminer le niveau des rejets des sites classés ICPE. À cette fin, un arrêté de juin 2023 a imposé aux industriels de réaliser des analyses et de déclarer les PFAS qu’ils utilisent. L’amendement CD10, que j’avais déjà présenté l’année dernière, vise à ce que les rejets aqueux et les effluents gazeux respectent des valeurs limites à partir du 1er janvier 2025, soit un an et demi après l’entrée en vigueur de l’arrêté – on avait alors estimé qu’il faudrait environ un an pour collecter ces données. L’objectif est de tendre vers zéro en attendant l’interdiction totale de production des PFAS"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p459",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "459",
    "460"
   ],
   "order": 459,
   "text": "Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, votre amendement vise à interdire les rejets aqueux d’un certain nombre d’ICPE selon un calendrier fixé par décret. Le principe est louable, mais je ne suis pas favorable à la rédaction de votre amendement, pour deux raisons. D’abord, vous renvoyez au décret la définition des paliers de réduction, ce qui n’offre aucune garantie quant à l’ambition de la mesure. Ensuite, vous ne vous appuyez pas sur une stratégie visant à faire cesser, à terme, les émissions de PFAS par les ICPE. Pour ces raisons, votre amendement paraît quelque peu incantatoire. On ne peut que souhaiter la disparition des rejets dans un avenir proche, mais une stratégie d’ensemble et d’autres mesures législatives sont nécessaires. Avis défavorable Monsieur Taupiac, vous aviez déjà fait cette proposition l’année dernière, avant même que le ministère de la transition écologique ne commence sa campagne de mesure ponctuelle des rejets des ICPE. Il serait en effet intéressant que ce processus conduise à fixer des limites de rejets de PFAS. Sagesse.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 165,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p459",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N12a04749207d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, votre amendement vise à interdire les rejets aqueux d’un certain nombre d’ICPE selon un calendrier fixé par décret. Le principe est louable, mais je ne suis pas favorable à la rédaction de votre amendement, pour deux raisons. D’abord, vous renvoyez au décret la définition des paliers de réduction, ce qui n’offre aucune garantie quant à l’ambition de la mesure. Ensuite, vous ne vous appuyez pas sur une stratégie visant à faire cesser, à terme, les émissions de PFAS par les ICPE. Pour ces raisons, votre amendement paraît quelque peu incantatoire. On ne peut que souhaiter la disparition des rejets dans un avenir proche, mais une stratégie d’ensemble et d’autres mesures législatives sont nécessaires. Avis défavorable Monsieur Taupiac, vous aviez déjà fait cette proposition l’année dernière, avant même que le ministère de la transition écologique ne commence sa campagne de mesure ponctuelle des rejets des ICPE. Il serait en effet intéressant que ce processus conduise à fixer des limites de rejets de PFAS. Sagesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p461",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "461"
   ],
   "order": 461,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, je ne vous suis absolument pas. Allez-vous rencontrer les gens qui vivent aux alentours d’une ICPE ? Ce qu’ils demandent, avant toute chose, c’est l’arrêt des rejets. Je ne comprends pas que le député écologiste que vous êtes accepte que les industriels continuent à rejeter des PFAS. Vous souhaitez taxer les industriels sur la base de leurs rejets. Moi, j’entends que l’urgence, pour nos concitoyens, est de les faire cesser, ce à quoi nous sommes parvenus dans le Rhône. C’est pour cela que mon amendement n’est pas incantatoire : si on l’a fait dans le Rhône, pourquoi pas à l’échelle du pays ? Pourquoi une telle réserve ? Je me pose vraiment des questions sur votre avis défavorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p461",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd81038966ae2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, je ne vous suis absolument pas. Allez-vous rencontrer les gens qui vivent aux alentours d’une ICPE ? Ce qu’ils demandent, avant toute chose, c’est l’arrêt des rejets. Je ne comprends pas que le député [GROUPE] que vous êtes accepte que les industriels continuent à rejeter des PFAS. Vous souhaitez taxer les industriels sur la base de leurs rejets. Moi, j’entends que l’urgence, pour nos concitoyens, est de les faire cesser, ce à quoi nous sommes parvenus dans le Rhône. C’est pour cela que mon amendement n’est pas incantatoire : si on l’a fait dans le Rhône, pourquoi pas à l’échelle du pays ? Pourquoi une telle réserve ? Je me pose vraiment des questions sur votre avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718910",
   "speaker": "Claire Colomb-Pitollat",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Colomb-Pitollat (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p462",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "462"
   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, j’ai le sentiment que la disposition proposée par M. Isaac-Sibille compléterait vos travaux sur la redevance. Certes, un décret prendra un peu de temps, et nous n’avons pas de visibilité sur les interdictions qui seront prononcées. Votre redevance sera d’application plus rapide, mais elle conduira à faire payer les industriels pour leurs rejets, pas à interdire ces derniers. Avec les deux dispositifs, on aurait une double sécurité",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 70,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p462",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Ne99913362053",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, j’ai le sentiment que la disposition proposée par M. Isaac-Sibille compléterait vos travaux sur la redevance. Certes, un décret prendra un peu de temps, et nous n’avons pas de visibilité sur les interdictions qui seront prononcées. Votre redevance sera d’application plus rapide, mais elle conduira à faire payer les industriels pour leurs rejets, pas à interdire ces derniers. Avec les deux dispositifs, on aurait une double sécurité"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p463",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "463"
   ],
   "order": 463,
   "text": "Plutôt que de l’adosser aux rejets, il faudrait faire reposer la redevance sur les quantités d’eau prélevées par les industriels sur les réseaux d’eau potable ou en milieu naturel. En effet, grâce à la proposition de loi, il y aura de moins en moins de rejets polluants, alors que nous aurons besoin de fonds substantiels pour financer les actions de dépollution que mèneront les autorités organisatrices pendant des décennies. J’appelle donc à ce que nous travaillions de manière transpartisane, d’ici à la séance publique, pour modifier en ce sens l’assiette de la redevance",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p463",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N0521f8db248c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Plutôt que de l’adosser aux rejets, il faudrait faire reposer la redevance sur les quantités d’eau prélevées par les industriels sur les réseaux d’eau potable ou en milieu naturel. En effet, grâce à la proposition de loi, il y aura de moins en moins de rejets polluants, alors que nous aurons besoin de fonds substantiels pour financer les actions de dépollution que mèneront les autorités organisatrices pendant des décennies. J’appelle donc à ce que nous travaillions de manière transpartisane, d’ici à la séance publique, pour modifier en ce sens l’assiette de la redevance"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795864",
   "speaker": "Pierre Cazeneuve",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Cazeneuve (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p464",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "464"
   ],
   "order": 464,
   "text": "L’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille est ambitieux et opérationnel. J’ai pris acte de vos réserves, monsieur le rapporteur, et respecte votre expertise sur le sujet, mais je propose, comme vous le faites d’ailleurs souvent, que nous adoptions l’amendement en l’état et que nous revoyions collectivement sa rédaction d’ici à la séance publique pour opérer les modifications qui s’imposeraient. Nous partageons en effet une même volonté, et il semble que cet amendement compléterait utilement votre texte. Les trois groupes de la majorité seront à votre écoute pour rendre le dispositif le plus efficace possible",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 92,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p464",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N88eb9e475cc5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille est ambitieux et opérationnel. J’ai pris acte de vos réserves, monsieur le rapporteur, et respecte votre expertise sur le sujet, mais je propose, comme vous le faites d’ailleurs souvent, que nous adoptions l’amendement en l’état et que nous revoyions collectivement sa rédaction d’ici à la séance publique pour opérer les modifications qui s’imposeraient. Nous partageons en effet une même volonté, et il semble que cet amendement compléterait utilement votre texte. Les trois groupes de la majorité seront à votre écoute pour rendre le dispositif le plus efficace possible"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "465",
    "466",
    "467"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "La rédaction de l’amendement soulève une autre difficulté : elle ne précise pas si toutes les ICPE sont concernées, ou seulement les installations correspondant aux rubriques de la nomenclature citées dans le texte Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, on peut relever une contradiction assez notable dans vos prises de position – plus forte, en tout cas, que celle que vous croyez discerner dans mes propos. En effet, vous demandez aux industriels de ne plus rejeter de PFAS, mais en les autorisant dans le même temps à continuer à en produire, puisque vous refusez d’interdire les PFAS dès 2027 et d’anticiper l’application en France de la réglementation européenne ! Or le meilleur moyen d’éviter les rejets de PFAS est bien d’arrêter d’en produire. Je suis prêt à travailler sur votre amendement d’ici à la séance publique, mais ne me faites pas endosser une position qui est à l’opposé de mes convictions.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 147,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p465",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N119317070b50",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La rédaction de l’amendement soulève une autre difficulté : elle ne précise pas si toutes les ICPE sont concernées, ou seulement les installations correspondant aux rubriques de la nomenclature citées dans le texte Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, on peut relever une contradiction assez notable dans vos prises de position – plus forte, en tout cas, que celle que vous croyez discerner dans mes propos. En effet, vous demandez aux industriels de ne plus rejeter de PFAS, mais en les autorisant dans le même temps à continuer à en produire, puisque vous refusez d’interdire les PFAS dès 2027 et d’anticiper l’application en France de la réglementation européenne ! Or le meilleur moyen d’éviter les rejets de PFAS est bien d’arrêter d’en produire. Je suis prêt à travailler sur votre amendement d’ici à la séance publique, mais ne me faites pas endosser une position qui est à l’opposé de mes convictions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p469",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "469"
   ],
   "order": 469,
   "text": "Ne doutez pas une seconde que je souhaite que les industriels cessent de polluer et de rejeter les PFAS. Ce serait un mauvais procès, et peu crédible. Mon avis est défavorable en raison de la rédaction de votre amendement qui, je le répète, est incantatoire, faute de garanties quant à l’ambition de la mesure et de stratégie pour sortir des PFAS. Puisque nous sommes d’accord sur le principe, essayons de trouver une rédaction satisfaisante d’ici à la séance",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD70 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD10 de M. David Taupiac (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er bis (nouveau) : Rejets de substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées par les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p469",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N0cfa6ae3972f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ne doutez pas une seconde que je souhaite que les industriels cessent de polluer et de rejeter les PFAS. Ce serait un mauvais procès, et peu crédible. Mon avis est défavorable en raison de la rédaction de votre amendement qui, je le répète, est incantatoire, faute de garanties quant à l’ambition de la mesure et de stratégie pour sortir des PFAS. Puisque nous sommes d’accord sur le principe, essayons de trouver une rédaction satisfaisante d’ici à la séance"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "476",
    "477"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "Nous proposons que les exploitants des ICPE utilisant, produisant, traitant ou rejetant des PFAS dressent une liste publique des substances concernées et réalisent une campagne d’identification et d’analyse des PFAS sur chaque point de rejet dans l’air. Nous entendons ainsi répondre à une recommandation de l’Igedd qui appelle à une identification nationale des sites potentiellement émetteurs de ces substances. L’Inspection relève que la réglementation nationale des émissions industrielles encadre beaucoup trop peu les rejets de PFAS et que le dispositif de surveillance est largement lacunaire, notamment parce qu’on ne tient aucun compte de la présence des PFAS dans l’air Nous sommes, ni plus ni moins, en présence d’un scandale sanitaire. Le plan PFAS présenté par le Gouvernement en janvier 2023 proposait que l’on commence à surveiller les rejets en 2026 – comme si on avait le temps, alors que ces substances s’accumulent dans nos organismes, puisqu’elles ne se détruisent pas naturellement, et provoquent cancers et baisse de l’immunité ! De surcroît, elles s’agglomèrent dans tous les milieux, y compris dans l’air. Actuellement, rien n’est fait, ne serait‑ce que pour nous permettre de prendre la mesure de la situation.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD23 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p473",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 188,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p476",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd208062259aa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons que les exploitants des ICPE utilisant, produisant, traitant ou rejetant des PFAS dressent une liste publique des substances concernées et réalisent une campagne d’identification et d’analyse des PFAS sur chaque point de rejet dans l’air. Nous entendons ainsi répondre à une recommandation de l’Igedd qui appelle à une identification nationale des sites potentiellement émetteurs de ces substances. L’Inspection relève que la réglementation nationale des émissions industrielles encadre beaucoup trop peu les rejets de PFAS et que le dispositif de surveillance est largement lacunaire, notamment parce qu’on ne tient aucun compte de la présence des PFAS dans l’air Nous sommes, ni plus ni moins, en présence d’un scandale sanitaire. Le plan PFAS présenté par le Gouvernement en janvier 2023 proposait que l’on commence à surveiller les rejets en 2026 – comme si on avait le temps, alors que ces substances s’accumulent dans nos organismes, puisqu’elles ne se détruisent pas naturellement, et provoquent cancers et baisse de l’immunité ! De surcroît, elles s’agglomèrent dans tous les milieux, y compris dans l’air. Actuellement, rien n’est fait, ne serait‑ce que pour nous permettre de prendre la mesure de la situation."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p478",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "478"
   ],
   "order": 478,
   "text": "Il est important que l’on connaisse précisément les PFAS utilisés et que les listes soient mises à jour régulièrement. Il semble tout aussi nécessaire de mesurer les rejets des installations dans l’atmosphère, ce qui permettrait de les limiter ou, à tout le moins, améliorerait notre information sur cette forme de pollution. Avis favorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD23 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p473",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p478",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N751bdd6d3ce6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important que l’on connaisse précisément les PFAS utilisés et que les listes soient mises à jour régulièrement. Il semble tout aussi nécessaire de mesurer les rejets des installations dans l’atmosphère, ce qui permettrait de les limiter ou, à tout le moins, améliorerait notre information sur cette forme de pollution. Avis favorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p482",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "482"
   ],
   "order": 482,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à créer une filière REP (responsabilité élargie des producteurs) spécifique aux produits contenant des PFAS afin d’assurer la dépollution des sites concernés. Cette proposition émane de la recommandation 17 du rapport de Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD13 de M. Stéphane Delautrette",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p473",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p482",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N54a87e0ed6f0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à créer une filière REP (responsabilité élargie des producteurs) spécifique aux produits contenant des PFAS afin d’assurer la dépollution des sites concernés. Cette proposition émane de la recommandation 17 du rapport de [PERSONNE]"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "483"
   ],
   "order": 483,
   "text": "Il me semble qu’il serait difficile de mettre sur pied une telle filière au vu de la diversité des produits contenant des PFAS, dont certains, de surcroît, font déjà l’objet d’une prise en charge lorsqu’ils deviennent des déchets. Avis défavorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD13 de M. Stéphane Delautrette",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p473",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p483",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N5b647a93c2f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il me semble qu’il serait difficile de mettre sur pied une telle filière au vu de la diversité des produits contenant des PFAS, dont certains, de surcroît, font déjà l’objet d’une prise en charge lorsqu’ils deviennent des déchets. Avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p487",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "487"
   ],
   "order": 487,
   "text": "Par cet amendement, nous demandons un moratoire de dix ans sur la construction ou l’extension de toute entreprise utilisant, produisant ou rejetant des PFAS. Ce ne serait évidemment qu’une étape avant l’interdiction de ces substances, mais qui permettrait d’arrêter de créer de nouvelles sources de production. Il y a urgence. Les scientifiques estiment à au moins 4 700 le nombre de composés chimiques concernés, voire à 12 000, pour certains. Les industriels jouent un rôle majeur dans l’émission de ces substances. Le Monde, en février 2023, répertoriait 108 hotspots – des lieux où la contamination est si élevée qu’elle est dangereuse pour la santé humaine. Ce sont tous des sites industriels ou de retraitement des déchets. À Pierre-Bénite, les rejets d’Arkema et de Daikin entraînent des taux de pollution cinq à dix fois supérieurs aux normes ; or Daikin a obtenu en janvier une autorisation d’extension. Nous sommes face à une inaction véritablement criminelle. Le plan PFAS du Gouvernement n’impose aucune contrainte aux industriels",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD21 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p473",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 164,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p487",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nea56f565b270",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement, nous demandons un moratoire de dix ans sur la construction ou l’extension de toute entreprise utilisant, produisant ou rejetant des PFAS. Ce ne serait évidemment qu’une étape avant l’interdiction de ces substances, mais qui permettrait d’arrêter de créer de nouvelles sources de production. Il y a urgence. Les scientifiques estiment à au moins 4 700 le nombre de composés chimiques concernés, voire à 12 000, pour certains. Les industriels jouent un rôle majeur dans l’émission de ces substances. Le Monde, en février 2023, répertoriait 108 hotspots – des lieux où la contamination est si élevée qu’elle est dangereuse pour la santé humaine. Ce sont tous des sites industriels ou de retraitement des déchets. À Pierre-Bénite, les rejets d’Arkema et de Daikin entraînent des taux de pollution cinq à dix fois supérieurs aux normes ; or Daikin a obtenu en janvier une autorisation d’extension. Nous sommes face à une inaction véritablement criminelle. Le plan PFAS du Gouvernement n’impose aucune contrainte aux industriels"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p488",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "488"
   ],
   "order": 488,
   "text": "Il est important d’éviter que les capacités de production des PFAS s’accroissent alors que nous visons leur disparition progressive. L’actualité récente a montré que deux grandes entreprises productrices de PFAS ont été autorisées à étendre leurs activités. Il me semble très pertinent de prendre le problème à la source. Avis favorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD21 de Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p473",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p488",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Ne18c239631c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important d’éviter que les capacités de production des PFAS s’accroissent alors que nous visons leur disparition progressive. L’actualité récente a montré que deux grandes entreprises productrices de PFAS ont été autorisées à étendre leurs activités. Il me semble très pertinent de prendre le problème à la source. Avis favorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720586",
   "speaker": "Pierre Vatin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Vatin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p494",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "494"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "L’article 2 de la proposition de loi reprend la proposition n° 78 du rapport d’information sur la politique de l’eau déposé le mois dernier par Yannick Haury et Vincent Descoeur, laquelle préconise d’élargir l’assiette de la redevance pour pollutions diffuses de l’eau aux PFAS. Le groupe Les Républicains est en accord avec l’esprit de cet article, mais propose d’y apporter deux modifications : l’élargir à la redevance sur la pollution à la fois domestique et non domestique, et préciser que ces taxes ne s’appliquent qu’aux rejets nets engendrés par les sites et non à la pollution historique indépendante de l’activité du producteur",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD63 de M. Vincent Descoeur",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p494",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N662395035262",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 2 de la proposition de loi reprend la proposition n° 78 du rapport d’information sur la politique de l’eau déposé le mois dernier par [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], laquelle préconise d’élargir l’assiette de la redevance pour pollutions diffuses de l’eau aux PFAS. Le groupe [GROUPE] est en accord avec l’esprit de cet article, mais propose d’y apporter deux modifications : l’élargir à la redevance sur la pollution à la fois domestique et non domestique, et préciser que ces taxes ne s’appliquent qu’aux rejets nets engendrés par les sites et non à la pollution historique indépendante de l’activité du producteur"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p495",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "495"
   ],
   "order": 495,
   "text": "Nous avons souhaité intégrer les PFAS à la liste des substances prises en compte au titre des redevances sur la pollution de l’eau par l’ajout d’un alinéa plutôt que d’une ligne au tableau prévu par l’article L. 213‑10‑2 du code de l’environnement. Nous avons fait ce choix pour une raison simple : les substances mentionnées dans le tableau donnent lieu à la perception d’une redevance dont seuls le seuil de perception et le tarif maximum sont fixés par la loi. Le taux effectif de la redevance est quant à lui déterminé par chaque agence de l’eau. Nous proposons de fixer un tarif unique, qui sera appliqué par toutes les agences à l’échelle nationale. Avis défavorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD63 de M. Vincent Descoeur",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p495",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nc1c33b353c2a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons souhaité intégrer les PFAS à la liste des substances prises en compte au titre des redevances sur la pollution de l’eau par l’ajout d’un alinéa plutôt que d’une ligne au tableau prévu par l’article L. 213‑10‑2 du code de l’environnement. Nous avons fait ce choix pour une raison simple : les substances mentionnées dans le tableau donnent lieu à la perception d’une redevance dont seuls le seuil de perception et le tarif maximum sont fixés par la loi. Le taux effectif de la redevance est quant à lui déterminé par chaque agence de l’eau. Nous proposons de fixer un tarif unique, qui sera appliqué par toutes les agences à l’échelle nationale. Avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p501",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "501",
    "502"
   ],
   "order": 501,
   "text": "Dans le département du Rhône, des entreprises, des collectivités et l’État ont entrepris un travail d’analyse et de concertation pour diminuer la quantité de PFAS rejetés dans l’eau. Arkema les a par exemple réduits de 80 % : c’est un premier pas intéressant, mais il faudra atteindre dès que possible les 100 % Cet amendement vise à appliquer le principe pollueur-payeur à toutes les personnes morales de droit public et de droit privé qui rejettent des PFAS dans l’environnement, à l’exclusion de celles qui ont engagé des investissements dans un système de traitement des rejets. La proportionnalité et l’applicabilité de la mesure impliquent de considérer les personnes morales de droit public ou de droit privé ; elle ne saurait donc s’appliquer à la seule industrie. Cet amendement vise à exclure du champ de la redevance les pollutions historiques, dont l’origine n’est pas toujours identifiable et qu’il est donc difficile d’imputer à un acteur en particulier. La redevance doit conserver un caractère incitatif et ne porter que sur les rejets dont la personne morale a, d’une manière ou d’une autre, la maîtrise.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD52 de M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 181,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p501",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Ncc334f06095c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Dans le département du Rhône, des entreprises, des collectivités et l’État ont entrepris un travail d’analyse et de concertation pour diminuer la quantité de PFAS rejetés dans l’eau. Arkema les a par exemple réduits de 80 % : c’est un premier pas intéressant, mais il faudra atteindre dès que possible les 100 % Cet amendement vise à appliquer le principe pollueur-payeur à toutes les personnes morales de droit public et de droit privé qui rejettent des PFAS dans l’environnement, à l’exclusion de celles qui ont engagé des investissements dans un système de traitement des rejets. La proportionnalité et l’applicabilité de la mesure impliquent de considérer les personnes morales de droit public ou de droit privé ; elle ne saurait donc s’appliquer à la seule industrie. Cet amendement vise à exclure du champ de la redevance les pollutions historiques, dont l’origine n’est pas toujours identifiable et qu’il est donc difficile d’imputer à un acteur en particulier. La redevance doit conserver un caractère incitatif et ne porter que sur les rejets dont la personne morale a, d’une manière ou d’une autre, la maîtrise."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p503",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "503",
    "504"
   ],
   "order": 503,
   "text": "Votre amendement ne permet pas de comprendre comment sera fixé le taux de la redevance maximale applicable par les agences de l’eau. Par ailleurs, vous souhaitez exclure du champ de la redevance les industries « qui ont annoncé des investissements dans un système de traitement des rejets ». Beaucoup d’entreprises pourraient ainsi échapper à la redevance en se contentant d’annoncer des investissements Les rejets effectifs doivent entraîner une prise en charge des coûts de la dépollution, qui ne repose pas seulement sur la collectivité publique mais aussi sur les personnes qui émettent ces substances. Cette disposition, si elle était adoptée, fragiliserait le dispositif de la redevance. Je suis donc très défavorable à cet amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD52 de M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p503",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N8b8ef07f6536",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement ne permet pas de comprendre comment sera fixé le taux de la redevance maximale applicable par les agences de l’eau. Par ailleurs, vous souhaitez exclure du champ de la redevance les industries « qui ont annoncé des investissements dans un système de traitement des rejets ». Beaucoup d’entreprises pourraient ainsi échapper à la redevance en se contentant d’annoncer des investissements Les rejets effectifs doivent entraîner une prise en charge des coûts de la dépollution, qui ne repose pas seulement sur la collectivité publique mais aussi sur les personnes qui émettent ces substances. Cette disposition, si elle était adoptée, fragiliserait le dispositif de la redevance. Je suis donc très défavorable à cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793980",
   "speaker": "Charles Fournier",
   "quality": "M. Charles Fournier (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p505",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "505",
    "506"
   ],
   "order": 505,
   "text": "J’y suis également défavorable car il suffirait d’annoncer des investissements pour échapper à la redevance De manière générale, je voudrais dire qu’aucune des positions exprimées dans notre débat ne doit être caricaturée. Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, lorsque vous vous opposez à l’application du texte aux ustensiles de cuisine, je n’en déduis pas que vous ne souhaitez pas vous battre contre les PFAS – le rapport de qualité que vous avez écrit sur le sujet démontre le contraire. De la même façon, lorsque le rapporteur est en désaccord avec la rédaction d’un amendement, je trouve regrettable que l’on n’essaie pas de trouver ensemble une formulation satisfaisante en vue de la séance publique et que l’on se lance des accusations. Travaillons ensemble pour faire avancer cette cause.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD52 de M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 123,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p505",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N0fe96842a4cd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’y suis également défavorable car il suffirait d’annoncer des investissements pour échapper à la redevance De manière générale, je voudrais dire qu’aucune des positions exprimées dans notre débat ne doit être caricaturée. Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, lorsque vous vous opposez à l’application du texte aux ustensiles de cuisine, je n’en déduis pas que vous ne souhaitez pas vous battre contre les PFAS – le rapport de qualité que vous avez écrit sur le sujet démontre le contraire. De la même façon, lorsque le rapporteur est en désaccord avec la rédaction d’un amendement, je trouve regrettable que l’on n’essaie pas de trouver ensemble une formulation satisfaisante en vue de la séance publique et que l’on se lance des accusations. Travaillons ensemble pour faire avancer cette cause."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p507",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "507"
   ],
   "order": 507,
   "text": "Vous êtes un certain nombre à considérer que le principe pollueur-payeur ne doit pas s’appliquer aux pollutions passées. Pour ma part, j’estime que les autorités organisatrices, autrement dit les collectivités, doivent chiffrer l’ensemble des moyens à engager pour dépolluer – ce sera des millions, voire des milliards d’euros – et que nous devrons bâtir, à l’échelle des agences de l’eau, un système de redevance permettant de financer une programmation pluriannuelle d’investissement aussi longtemps qu’il le faudra. La redevance devra s’appliquer à l’ensemble des industriels ayant produit des PFAS par le passé, et non à ceux qui les ont utilisés. Si on n’appliquait pas cette règle, les particuliers subiraient une double peine : on reporterait sur la facture d’eau de ceux qui subissent la pollution, au point parfois d’en tomber malade, le montant de la redevance versée afin de financer les travaux indispensables. Ce n’est pas sérieux : il va bien falloir se confronter aux enjeux du financement de la dépollution. Ce n’est pas aux familles de Pierre‑Bénite de payer, mais aux industriels",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD52 de M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 172,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p507",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N888da3eb8537",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous êtes un certain nombre à considérer que le principe pollueur-payeur ne doit pas s’appliquer aux pollutions passées. Pour ma part, j’estime que les autorités organisatrices, autrement dit les collectivités, doivent chiffrer l’ensemble des moyens à engager pour dépolluer – ce sera des millions, voire des milliards d’euros – et que nous devrons bâtir, à l’échelle des agences de l’eau, un système de redevance permettant de financer une programmation pluriannuelle d’investissement aussi longtemps qu’il le faudra. La redevance devra s’appliquer à l’ensemble des industriels ayant produit des PFAS par le passé, et non à ceux qui les ont utilisés. Si on n’appliquait pas cette règle, les particuliers subiraient une double peine : on reporterait sur la facture d’eau de ceux qui subissent la pollution, au point parfois d’en tomber malade, le montant de la redevance versée afin de financer les travaux indispensables. Ce n’est pas sérieux : il va bien falloir se confronter aux enjeux du financement de la dépollution. Ce n’est pas aux familles de Pierre‑Bénite de payer, mais aux industriels"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p508",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "508"
   ],
   "order": 508,
   "text": "Je suis assez d’accord avec M. Amard. L’urgence consiste à déterminer comment aider les collectivités à financer des travaux pour que nos concitoyens boivent une eau saine. Il faudrait prévoir un dispositif plus global, auquel on peut réfléchir d’ici à la séance publique",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD52 de M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 43,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p508",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N8ee5c7b82cd3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis assez d’accord avec M. Amard. L’urgence consiste à déterminer comment aider les collectivités à financer des travaux pour que nos concitoyens boivent une eau saine. Il faudrait prévoir un dispositif plus global, auquel on peut réfléchir d’ici à la séance publique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p509",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "509"
   ],
   "order": 509,
   "text": "Tel qu’il est rédigé, l’amendement conduirait à réduire considérablement la portée de la redevance. Comme je l’ai dit, il suffirait qu’une personne morale de droit public ou de droit privé annonce des investissements pour s’y soustraire : toutes les entreprises quasiment pourraient y échapper. Par ailleurs, l’amendement ne fixe pas le taux de la redevance, ce qui fragiliserait substantiellement, voire empêcherait l’application du principe pollueur‑payeur",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD52 de M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p509",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N0fa228bbd4a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tel qu’il est rédigé, l’amendement conduirait à réduire considérablement la portée de la redevance. Comme je l’ai dit, il suffirait qu’une personne morale de droit public ou de droit privé annonce des investissements pour s’y soustraire : toutes les entreprises quasiment pourraient y échapper. Par ailleurs, l’amendement ne fixe pas le taux de la redevance, ce qui fragiliserait substantiellement, voire empêcherait l’application du principe pollueur‑payeur"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p513",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "513"
   ],
   "order": 513,
   "text": "L’alinéa 5 de l’article évoque la « redevance due par une personne dont les activités entraînent des rejets ». Or tout le monde est à l’origine de rejets. C’est pourquoi je propose de préciser que la disposition s’applique à l’exploitant d’une installation classée pour la protection de l’environnement soumise à autorisation. Je ne crois pas qu’il soit dans votre intention, monsieur le rapporteur, d’assujettir les services départementaux d’incendie et de secours au paiement de cette redevance, à l’instar de beaucoup d’autres acteurs qui émettent des PFAS",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD71 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p513",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N27816edb8305",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’alinéa 5 de l’article évoque la « redevance due par une personne dont les activités entraînent des rejets ». Or tout le monde est à l’origine de rejets. C’est pourquoi je propose de préciser que la disposition s’applique à l’exploitant d’une installation classée pour la protection de l’environnement soumise à autorisation. Je ne crois pas qu’il soit dans votre intention, monsieur le rapporteur, d’assujettir les services départementaux d’incendie et de secours au paiement de cette redevance, à l’instar de beaucoup d’autres acteurs qui émettent des PFAS"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "514"
   ],
   "order": 514,
   "text": "Votre amendement vise à circonscrire le champ d’application de la redevance aux ICPE. Dans la mesure où l’on n’est pas certain que d’autres sites ne rejettent pas de PFAS en quantité significative, il me paraît préférable de viser un périmètre plus large. Par ailleurs, les sites qui ne rejettent que peu de PFAS ne seront pas redevables de la redevance, puisqu’ils resteront en deçà du seuil de perception",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD71 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p514",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N07eec673d91e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement vise à circonscrire le champ d’application de la redevance aux ICPE. Dans la mesure où l’on n’est pas certain que d’autres sites ne rejettent pas de PFAS en quantité significative, il me paraît préférable de viser un périmètre plus large. Par ailleurs, les sites qui ne rejettent que peu de PFAS ne seront pas redevables de la redevance, puisqu’ils resteront en deçà du seuil de perception"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p515",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "515"
   ],
   "order": 515,
   "text": "Le champ des PFAS est si vaste qu’il faut préciser de quels rejets il s’agit, sous peine d’assujettir à la redevance les pompiers et de nombreux autres utilisateurs. Je ne suis pas sûr que ce soit votre souhait",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD71 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p515",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N55a0d56e714a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le champ des PFAS est si vaste qu’il faut préciser de quels rejets il s’agit, sous peine d’assujettir à la redevance les pompiers et de nombreux autres utilisateurs. Je ne suis pas sûr que ce soit votre souhait"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p517",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "517"
   ],
   "order": 517,
   "text": "Soyons audacieux ! Des jurisprudences permettent d’ores et déjà d’appliquer une tarification différenciée de l’eau potable selon que l’usager est un particulier ou un professionnel. Il nous faut travailler, d’ici à la séance publique, à une rédaction commune sur la redevance applicable à des professionnels qui, de surcroît, ont engendré de la pollution, directement ou indirectement",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD71 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p517",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N817f4dae574f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Soyons audacieux ! Des jurisprudences permettent d’ores et déjà d’appliquer une tarification différenciée de l’eau potable selon que l’usager est un particulier ou un professionnel. Il nous faut travailler, d’ici à la séance publique, à une rédaction commune sur la redevance applicable à des professionnels qui, de surcroît, ont engendré de la pollution, directement ou indirectement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p519",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "519"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "Non, ce qui est en question, c’est l’étendue du champ d’application de la mesure. Compte tenu de la rédaction actuelle, toute personne utilisant des PFAS et en rejetant serait soumise à la redevance, quels que soient son statut et son activité : cela concernerait non seulement les pompiers, mais aussi les agriculteurs et de nombreux autres acteurs, puisque les PFAS sont partout. Encore une fois, je souhaite interdire les rejets, vous préférez les autoriser et les taxer. Le problème ne tient pas à la rédaction, mais au périmètre que vous souhaitez établir",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD71 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 92,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p519",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N445ac0770630",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Non, ce qui est en question, c’est l’étendue du champ d’application de la mesure. Compte tenu de la rédaction actuelle, toute personne utilisant des PFAS et en rejetant serait soumise à la redevance, quels que soient son statut et son activité : cela concernerait non seulement les pompiers, mais aussi les agriculteurs et de nombreux autres acteurs, puisque les PFAS sont partout. Encore une fois, je souhaite interdire les rejets, vous préférez les autoriser et les taxer. Le problème ne tient pas à la rédaction, mais au périmètre que vous souhaitez établir"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793094",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Ray",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Ray (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p523",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "523"
   ],
   "order": 523,
   "text": "Nous proposons que le calcul de la redevance repose exclusivement sur l’ajout de PFAS dans les milieux et non sur l’ensemble des rejets. En effet, certaines installations peuvent rejeter des PFAS alors qu’elles n’en sont pas à l’origine. Nous privilégions une approche fondée sur la responsabilité, conformément à la philosophie de la proposition de loi",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD64 de M. Pierre Vatin",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 55,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p523",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N55efa4f89f66",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons que le calcul de la redevance repose exclusivement sur l’ajout de PFAS dans les milieux et non sur l’ensemble des rejets. En effet, certaines installations peuvent rejeter des PFAS alors qu’elles n’en sont pas à l’origine. Nous privilégions une approche fondée sur la responsabilité, conformément à la philosophie de la proposition de loi"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p524",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "524"
   ],
   "order": 524,
   "text": "Votre intention est satisfaite par l’article L. 213‑10-2 du code de l’environnement, qui s’appliquera à la redevance créée par l’article 2 de la proposition de loi. En effet, l’industriel pourra demander que le suivi des rejets servant à calculer l’assiette de la redevance ait « pour objet de mesurer la pollution annuelle ajoutée par l’activité ». Cela implique de pouvoir isoler l’apport de PFAS issus du processus de fabrication de l’entreprise et des produits fabriqués par rapport à une quantité plus globale de ces substances mesurée dans les rejets. Il s’agit, me semble-t-il, de l’idée que vous défendez",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD64 de M. Pierre Vatin",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p524",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7f226bc1a9f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Votre intention est satisfaite par l’article L. 213‑10-2 du code de l’environnement, qui s’appliquera à la redevance créée par l’article 2 de la proposition de loi. En effet, l’industriel pourra demander que le suivi des rejets servant à calculer l’assiette de la redevance ait « pour objet de mesurer la pollution annuelle ajoutée par l’activité ». Cela implique de pouvoir isoler l’apport de PFAS issus du processus de fabrication de l’entreprise et des produits fabriqués par rapport à une quantité plus globale de ces substances mesurée dans les rejets. Il s’agit, me semble-t-il, de l’idée que vous défendez"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793182",
   "speaker": "Jorys Bovet",
   "quality": "M. Jorys Bovet (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p531",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "531"
   ],
   "order": 531,
   "text": "Ces amendements visent à ce que seuls les rejets nets, autrement dit intentionnellement ou effectivement ajoutés au milieu naturel, soient soumis à la redevance. Lorsqu’un industriel utilise de l’eau par exemple, il conviendrait de mesurer la quantité de PFAS à l’entrée et à la sortie de l’usine pour connaître précisément l’ampleur des rejets",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD29 et CD30 de M. Jorys Bovet, et CD48 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p531",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd9e59d2f324c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements visent à ce que seuls les rejets nets, autrement dit intentionnellement ou effectivement ajoutés au milieu naturel, soient soumis à la redevance. Lorsqu’un industriel utilise de l’eau par exemple, il conviendrait de mesurer la quantité de PFAS à l’entrée et à la sortie de l’usine pour connaître précisément l’ampleur des rejets"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p532",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "532",
    "533",
    "534",
    "535"
   ],
   "order": 532,
   "text": "Concernant l’amendement CD29, comme je l’ai dit précédemment, le code de l’environnement fait déjà référence à la notion de « pollution annuelle ajoutée par l’activité » Le CD30, quant à lui, risquerait de réduire considérablement les cas dans lesquels la redevance serait due, avec l’ajout du critère d’intentionnalité. Je peux comprendre que l’on souhaite calculer une pollution nette, ce qui implique qu’une entreprise puisse isoler l’apport de PFAS antérieur à son activité et mesurer les rejets issus de son activité propre. En revanche, je ne crois pas qu’il faille considérer le caractère intentionnel ou non de l’usage des PFAS, car cela désinciterait les personnes soumises à la redevance à réduire la présence de PFAS. In fine, l’environnement sera de toute façon touché par la pollution. Notre objectif étant de permettre un meilleur financement de la dépollution, nous ne souhaitons pas fragiliser le dispositif. S’agissant, enfin, de l’amendement CD48, j’émets l’hypothèse que le terme « effectivement » rejoint la notion de rejet net ou d’ajout intentionnel de PFAS par une entreprise. Avis défavorable sur les trois amendements.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD29 et CD30 de M. Jorys Bovet, et CD48 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 176,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p532",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N19294e0eed2a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Concernant l’amendement CD29, comme je l’ai dit précédemment, le code de l’environnement fait déjà référence à la notion de « pollution annuelle ajoutée par l’activité » Le CD30, quant à lui, risquerait de réduire considérablement les cas dans lesquels la redevance serait due, avec l’ajout du critère d’intentionnalité. Je peux comprendre que l’on souhaite calculer une pollution nette, ce qui implique qu’une entreprise puisse isoler l’apport de PFAS antérieur à son activité et mesurer les rejets issus de son activité propre. En revanche, je ne crois pas qu’il faille considérer le caractère intentionnel ou non de l’usage des PFAS, car cela désinciterait les personnes soumises à la redevance à réduire la présence de PFAS. In fine, l’environnement sera de toute façon touché par la pollution. Notre objectif étant de permettre un meilleur financement de la dépollution, nous ne souhaitons pas fragiliser le dispositif. S’agissant, enfin, de l’amendement CD48, j’émets l’hypothèse que le terme « effectivement » rejoint la notion de rejet net ou d’ajout intentionnel de PFAS par une entreprise. Avis défavorable sur les trois amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p546",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "546"
   ],
   "order": 546,
   "text": "Mon amendement vise à abaisser le seuil de perception de la redevance et à adapter le barème. En effet, le seuil prévu, d’un kilogramme de rejets par an, est relativement élevé. De nombreuses entreprises peuvent rejeter des quantités moins importantes mais de manière continue, ce qui fait courir un risque tout aussi grand de contamination à l’environnement. Afin de rendre effective la participation des entreprises à la prise en charge du coût de la dépollution de l’eau, il est proposé que la redevance soit due dès le rejet de 100 grammes de PFAS. En conséquence, le barème est modifié, avec un montant de 100 euros par tranche de 100 grammes. Cette modification résulte d’une préconisation que nous a faite le ministère de la transition écologique lors de son audition, sur la base des modélisations auxquelles il a procédé",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD83 du rapporteur, CD47 de M. Pierre Meurin et CD20 de M. Gabriel Amard (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 138,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p546",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N308ccbee729a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement vise à abaisser le seuil de perception de la redevance et à adapter le barème. En effet, le seuil prévu, d’un kilogramme de rejets par an, est relativement élevé. De nombreuses entreprises peuvent rejeter des quantités moins importantes mais de manière continue, ce qui fait courir un risque tout aussi grand de contamination à l’environnement. Afin de rendre effective la participation des entreprises à la prise en charge du coût de la dépollution de l’eau, il est proposé que la redevance soit due dès le rejet de 100 grammes de PFAS. En conséquence, le barème est modifié, avec un montant de 100 euros par tranche de 100 grammes. Cette modification résulte d’une préconisation que nous a faite le ministère de la transition écologique lors de son audition, sur la base des modélisations auxquelles il a procédé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p548",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "548",
    "549"
   ],
   "order": 548,
   "text": "L’amendement CD47 a pour objet de renvoyer la fixation du taux de la redevance à un décret. Pourquoi refuser d’inscrire directement ce taux dans la loi, au risque de devoir attendre, plus ou moins longtemps, la publication du décret ? Nous disposons des informations nécessaires à la fixation d’un taux juste. Il est de notre responsabilité de prendre une décision dès aujourd’hui. Avis défavorable L’amendement CD20 est retiré.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD83 du rapporteur, CD47 de M. Pierre Meurin et CD20 de M. Gabriel Amard (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p491",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p548",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N8a63682c43d1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD47 a pour objet de renvoyer la fixation du taux de la redevance à un décret. Pourquoi refuser d’inscrire directement ce taux dans la loi, au risque de devoir attendre, plus ou moins longtemps, la publication du décret ? Nous disposons des informations nécessaires à la fixation d’un taux juste. Il est de notre responsabilité de prendre une décision dès aujourd’hui. Avis défavorable L’amendement CD20 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p559",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "559",
    "560"
   ],
   "order": 559,
   "text": "Selon une synthèse bibliographique réalisée en décembre 2023 par l’Ineris (Institut national de l’environnement industriel et des risques), une température très élevée, supérieure à 1 300 degrés, voire 1 400, garantit la destruction des PFAS et de leurs sous-produits. Or les incinérateurs de déchets ménagers fonctionnent à une température comprise entre 750 degrés et 1 100 degrés, et ceux des boues d’épuration entre 850 degrés et 900 degrés : les mâchefers qui en sortent, qui sont recyclés et réutilisés par exemple dans les infrastructures publiques, les chaussées ou les voies ferrées, contiennent donc des PFAS qui se répandent ensuite dans l’environnement. Nous n’avons par ailleurs aucune garantie, en l’état actuel de la réglementation, que des PFAS ne ressortent pas de ces incinérateurs par les cheminées, puisqu’on ne mesure pas leur présence dans l’air – vous l’avez en quelque sorte refusé en rejetant tout à l’heure mon amendement CD22 Ces travaux de l’Ineris nous donnent donc l’occasion de fixer, par la loi, un seuil de 1 400 degrés pour l’incinération de tout produit contenant des PFAS, de manière à éviter qu’on n’en retrouve dans l’air ou dans les mâchefers.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD24 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p556",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 188,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p559",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd1f0c6a5356b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Selon une synthèse bibliographique réalisée en décembre 2023 par l’Ineris (Institut national de l’environnement industriel et des risques), une température très élevée, supérieure à 1 300 degrés, voire 1 400, garantit la destruction des PFAS et de leurs sous-produits. Or les incinérateurs de déchets ménagers fonctionnent à une température comprise entre 750 degrés et 1 100 degrés, et ceux des boues d’épuration entre 850 degrés et 900 degrés : les mâchefers qui en sortent, qui sont recyclés et réutilisés par exemple dans les infrastructures publiques, les chaussées ou les voies ferrées, contiennent donc des PFAS qui se répandent ensuite dans l’environnement. Nous n’avons par ailleurs aucune garantie, en l’état actuel de la réglementation, que des PFAS ne ressortent pas de ces incinérateurs par les cheminées, puisqu’on ne mesure pas leur présence dans l’air – vous l’avez en quelque sorte refusé en rejetant tout à l’heure mon amendement CD22 Ces travaux de l’Ineris nous donnent donc l’occasion de fixer, par la loi, un seuil de 1 400 degrés pour l’incinération de tout produit contenant des PFAS, de manière à éviter qu’on n’en retrouve dans l’air ou dans les mâchefers."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p561",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "561"
   ],
   "order": 561,
   "text": "Je ne peux pas donner un avis favorable à cet amendement, du fait de son caractère trop général et de ses possibles conséquences. Il n’existe quasiment aucune ICPE d’incinération montant à une température de 1 400 degrés : d’après la fédération des entreprises spécialistes de la dépollution, les incinérateurs les plus performants atteignent 1 250 degrés. Les passer tous à 1 400 degrés serait très énergivore, et prendrait du temps. Étant donné le très grand nombre de produits contenant des PFAS, on courrait alors le risque de ne simplement plus pouvoir incinérer de très nombreux déchets, par ailleurs potentiellement dangereux, et de voir exploser le recours à l’enfouissement. Avis défavorable pour cette raison technique",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD24 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p556",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p561",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N3321c95df8aa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne peux pas donner un avis favorable à cet amendement, du fait de son caractère trop général et de ses possibles conséquences. Il n’existe quasiment aucune ICPE d’incinération montant à une température de 1 400 degrés : d’après la fédération des entreprises spécialistes de la dépollution, les incinérateurs les plus performants atteignent 1 250 degrés. Les passer tous à 1 400 degrés serait très énergivore, et prendrait du temps. Étant donné le très grand nombre de produits contenant des PFAS, on courrait alors le risque de ne simplement plus pouvoir incinérer de très nombreux déchets, par ailleurs potentiellement dangereux, et de voir exploser le recours à l’enfouissement. Avis défavorable pour cette raison technique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794906",
   "speaker": "Gabriel Amard",
   "quality": "M. Gabriel Amard (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p562",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "562"
   ],
   "order": 562,
   "text": "Je suis ouvert à une autre rédaction. J’ai été, pendant plusieurs années, vice-président d’un syndicat de collecte et de traitement des déchets : ce ne serait pas la première fois que le législateur demanderait, avec un calendrier et des aides publiques à l’investissement, de faire progresser les techniques d’incinération afin de supprimer des rejets que les filtres ne peuvent pas capter. Pourquoi ne pas fixer encore une fois un objectif et définir un calendrier, ainsi qu’un mode opératoire, permettant de l’atteindre ? C’est un exemple de ce qu’il faut financer dans la durée, avec une programmation pluriannuelle d’investissement qui prenne au sérieux l’ensemble de la pollution, passée et à venir. Les PFAS ne vont pas disparaître de tous les domaines : il va bien falloir les détruire, plutôt que de fermer les yeux et de les laisser se répandre dans l’environnement. Cet objectif de 1 400 degrés est de nature à nous protéger, nous et les générations futures",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD24 de M. Gabriel Amard",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p556",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 158,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p562",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N5d6282626d10",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis ouvert à une autre rédaction. J’ai été, pendant plusieurs années, vice-président d’un syndicat de collecte et de traitement des déchets : ce ne serait pas la première fois que le législateur demanderait, avec un calendrier et des aides publiques à l’investissement, de faire progresser les techniques d’incinération afin de supprimer des rejets que les filtres ne peuvent pas capter. Pourquoi ne pas fixer encore une fois un objectif et définir un calendrier, ainsi qu’un mode opératoire, permettant de l’atteindre ? C’est un exemple de ce qu’il faut financer dans la durée, avec une programmation pluriannuelle d’investissement qui prenne au sérieux l’ensemble de la pollution, passée et à venir. Les PFAS ne vont pas disparaître de tous les domaines : il va bien falloir les détruire, plutôt que de fermer les yeux et de les laisser se répandre dans l’environnement. Cet objectif de 1 400 degrés est de nature à nous protéger, nous et les générations futures"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p568",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "568"
   ],
   "order": 568,
   "text": "Depuis 2023, la recherche de polluants éternels est obligatoire pour certaines ICPE. Mon amendement demande un rapport sur l’accès à ces données par les collectivités locales, afin que celles-ci puissent prendre les mesures nécessaires, notamment de traitement de l’eau",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD17 de M. David Taupiac et CD38 de M. Jorys Bovet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p556",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p568",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N4c3d6ec5decb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis 2023, la recherche de polluants éternels est obligatoire pour certaines ICPE. Mon amendement demande un rapport sur l’accès à ces données par les collectivités locales, afin que celles-ci puissent prendre les mesures nécessaires, notamment de traitement de l’eau"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p569",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "569",
    "570"
   ],
   "order": 569,
   "text": "Malgré l’intérêt de l’amendement présenté par M. Taupiac, je redis qu’il ne me paraît pas utile de multiplier les rapports. Avis défavorable Même argument pour le CD38, d’autant que des études sont déjà menées.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements CD17 de M. David Taupiac et CD38 de M. Jorys Bovet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p556",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p569",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N3ff0b443dfec",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Malgré l’intérêt de l’amendement présenté par M. Taupiac, je redis qu’il ne me paraît pas utile de multiplier les rapports. Avis défavorable Même argument pour le CD38, d’autant que des études sont déjà menées."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p576",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "576"
   ],
   "order": 576,
   "text": "Cet amendement prévoit que dans chacune des agences régionales de santé, la commission de coordination dans les domaines de la prévention, de la santé scolaire, de la santé au travail et de la protection maternelle et infantile présente, à partir de données chiffrées disponibles ou à construire, le niveau d’exposition de la population de leur ressort aux PFAS",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD16 de M. David Taupiac",
   "article": "Article 2 bis (nouveau) : Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p573",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p576",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N9357180db613",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement prévoit que dans chacune des agences régionales de santé, la commission de coordination dans les domaines de la prévention, de la santé scolaire, de la santé au travail et de la protection maternelle et infantile présente, à partir de données chiffrées disponibles ou à construire, le niveau d’exposition de la population de leur ressort aux PFAS"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793182",
   "speaker": "Jorys Bovet",
   "quality": "M. Jorys Bovet (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p583",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "583"
   ],
   "order": 583,
   "text": "On estime que les PFAS pourraient recouvrir plus de 10 000 substances : dès lors, les laboratoires ne peuvent les détecter toutes et les autorités sanitaires ne peuvent pas connaître les impacts réels sur la santé des populations de chacune de ces substances. Cette demande de rapport vise à examiner quelles sont les substances qui risquent le plus de contaminer les populations, et quelles sont les populations pour lesquelles les risques sont les plus grands",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD37 de M. Jorys Bovet",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p580",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p583",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N8b178d9f4ae6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "On estime que les PFAS pourraient recouvrir plus de 10 000 substances : dès lors, les laboratoires ne peuvent les détecter toutes et les autorités sanitaires ne peuvent pas connaître les impacts réels sur la santé des populations de chacune de ces substances. Cette demande de rapport vise à examiner quelles sont les substances qui risquent le plus de contaminer les populations, et quelles sont les populations pour lesquelles les risques sont les plus grands"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793094",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Ray",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Ray (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p590",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "590"
   ],
   "order": 590,
   "text": "Nous proposons de supprimer l’alinéa 2. Cet article de gage propose en effet la création d’une taxe additionnelle sur les bénéfices des entreprises émettrices de PFAS, mais sans prendre en considération le niveau de rejet de ces substances. Cela ne nous semble pas conforme au principe pollueur‑payeur",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CD32 de M. Jorys Bovet, CD54 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat, CD65 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD72 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD77 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "article": "Article 3 : Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p587",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p590",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N1b07175b3d9a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons de supprimer l’alinéa 2. Cet article de gage propose en effet la création d’une taxe additionnelle sur les bénéfices des entreprises émettrices de PFAS, mais sans prendre en considération le niveau de rejet de ces substances. Cela ne nous semble pas conforme au principe pollueur‑payeur"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p591",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "591"
   ],
   "order": 591,
   "text": "La proposition du rapporteur d’une taxe de 1 % me paraît en effet difficilement applicable. Nous devons réfléchir aux moyens d’alimenter un fonds PFAS, dont je préconise également la création dans mon rapport. Il ne serait pas normal de faire payer les consommateurs d’eau. Quant aux agences de l’eau, elles sont déjà chargées de missions nombreuses. Je ferai des propositions en vue de la séance publique",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CD32 de M. Jorys Bovet, CD54 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat, CD65 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD72 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD77 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "article": "Article 3 : Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p587",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p591",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N365c78cb1613",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition du rapporteur d’une taxe de 1 % me paraît en effet difficilement applicable. Nous devons réfléchir aux moyens d’alimenter un fonds PFAS, dont je préconise également la création dans mon rapport. Il ne serait pas normal de faire payer les consommateurs d’eau. Quant aux agences de l’eau, elles sont déjà chargées de missions nombreuses. Je ferai des propositions en vue de la séance publique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p592",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "592"
   ],
   "order": 592,
   "text": "La loi doit être juste et proportionnée, ce qui n’est pas le cas ici. Cette taxe toucherait en effet toutes les entreprises, y compris celles qui ont déjà investi pour faire diminuer leurs rejets de PFAS. La piste de la responsabilité élargie des producteurs dès la conception de la substance paraît plus prometteuse",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CD32 de M. Jorys Bovet, CD54 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat, CD65 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD72 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD77 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "article": "Article 3 : Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p587",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p592",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nc56f822839f7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La loi doit être juste et proportionnée, ce qui n’est pas le cas ici. Cette taxe toucherait en effet toutes les entreprises, y compris celles qui ont déjà investi pour faire diminuer leurs rejets de PFAS. La piste de la responsabilité élargie des producteurs dès la conception de la substance paraît plus prometteuse"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p593",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "593"
   ],
   "order": 593,
   "text": "Mon objectif, vous le comprenez, est d’adapter la fiscalité et de renforcer l’application du principe pollueur-payeur afin que les plus grandes entreprises qui rejettent des PFAS prennent en charge une partie des externalités négatives pour la société, pour l’environnement et pour la santé publique. Avis défavorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CD32 de M. Jorys Bovet, CD54 de Mme Claire Colomb‑Pitollat, CD65 de M. Pierre Vatin, CD72 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et CD77 de Mme Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "article": "Article 3 : Compensation des charges pour l’État",
   "article_id": "p587",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p593",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N4a566f58b76a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon objectif, vous le comprenez, est d’adapter la fiscalité et de renforcer l’application du principe pollueur-payeur afin que les plus grandes entreprises qui rejettent des PFAS prennent en charge une partie des externalités négatives pour la société, pour l’environnement et pour la santé publique. Avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793182",
   "speaker": "Jorys Bovet",
   "quality": "M. Jorys Bovet (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p602",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "602"
   ],
   "order": 602,
   "text": "L’usage domestique de certains appareils peut participer à la pollution par des PFAS. C’est notamment le cas des machines à laver, qui rejettent des eaux usées contaminées quand les vêtements contiennent eux‑mêmes des PFAS. Cet amendement demande un rapport sur cette question, en particulier sur les filtres qui pourraient être posés sur les appareils lorsque cela serait jugé nécessaire. Cette proposition est calquée sur la disposition de la loi dite « Agec » (loi relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire) qui impose la mise en place de filtres à microplastiques sur les machines à laver à compter de 2025",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD35 de M. Jorys Bovet",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "p599",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p602",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Ne44afc6f95d6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’usage domestique de certains appareils peut participer à la pollution par des PFAS. C’est notamment le cas des machines à laver, qui rejettent des eaux usées contaminées quand les vêtements contiennent eux‑mêmes des PFAS. Cet amendement demande un rapport sur cette question, en particulier sur les filtres qui pourraient être posés sur les appareils lorsque cela serait jugé nécessaire. Cette proposition est calquée sur la disposition de la loi dite « Agec » (loi relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire) qui impose la mise en place de filtres à microplastiques sur les machines à laver à compter de 2025"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793182",
   "speaker": "Jorys Bovet",
   "quality": "M. Jorys Bovet (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p607",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "607"
   ],
   "order": 607,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’évaluer, dans un rapport, les coûts de dépollution des espaces contaminés. Certaines techniques sont connues – charbon actif, osmose inverse – mais leur utilisation peut être difficile et coûteuse. Il faut anticiper pour éviter que les coûts de dépollution ne soient répercutés sur les factures des usagers, et donc des ménages",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD36 de M. Jorys Bovet",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "p599",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p607",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Neb78002c7a7f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’évaluer, dans un rapport, les coûts de dépollution des espaces contaminés. Certaines techniques sont connues – charbon actif, osmose inverse – mais leur utilisation peut être difficile et coûteuse. Il faut anticiper pour éviter que les coûts de dépollution ne soient répercutés sur les factures des usagers, et donc des ménages"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2408@2024-03-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2408",
   "date": "2024-03-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2408.html",
   "source_sha256": "1ab56b448a055ecee4729f88ba0768d353b1f2df54d378e99a113de5f1aa3915",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L16B2408-p613",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "613"
   ],
   "order": 613,
   "text": "Merci à toutes et à tous pour la qualité des échanges et l’esprit constructif qui a prévalu depuis plusieurs semaines, malgré nos divergences. Il y a un an, nous en étions très loin. Je suis heureux que nous ayons pu avancer ensemble",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD36 de M. Jorys Bovet",
   "article": "Après l’article 3",
   "article_id": "p599",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2408-p613",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N674cc98a465b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Merci à toutes et à tous pour la qualité des échanges et l’esprit constructif qui a prévalu depuis plusieurs semaines, malgré nos divergences. Il y a un an, nous en étions très loin. Je suis heureux que nous ayons pu avancer ensemble"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p291",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "291",
    "292",
    "293",
    "294",
    "295",
    "296",
    "297",
    "298",
    "299",
    "300",
    "301",
    "302",
    "303",
    "304",
    "305",
    "306",
    "307",
    "308",
    "309",
    "310",
    "311",
    "312",
    "313"
   ],
   "order": 291,
   "text": "J’ai l’honneur de revenir devant notre commission ce matin pour vous soumettre à nouveau ma proposition de loi qui vise à protéger la population des risques liés aux PFAS Certains d’entre vous le savent, mon activité de parlementaire se concentre depuis de longs mois sur cette pollution chimique insidieuse, invisible mais omniprésente, que nul ne peut plus ignorer. Mes chers collègues, aucune de vos circonscriptions, aucun territoire, aucun cours d’eau ni réseau d’eau potable n’échappe à ce fléau, à cette menace de contamination généralisée, comme l’attestent notamment les récentes enquêtes sur la qualité de l’eau du robinet, parues dans la presse. Même si beaucoup d’entre vous étaient présents au sein de notre commission lors de la première lecture de cette proposition de loi, il y a près d’un an, d’autres nous ont rejoints depuis. Aussi, permettez-moi de revenir brièvement sur les défis soulevés par la pollution aux PFAS, même si je vous sais très nombreux à en connaître les enjeux. Ces PFAS, que l’on appelle aussi « polluants éternels », sont une invention humaine. Produits de la créativité de quelques industriels du XXe siècle, ces molécules sont, à l’échelle de l’humanité, extrêmement récentes. Jusque dans les années 1950, nous vivions dans un monde qui ignorait tout de la synthèse des PFAS. Ces substances chimiques forment une famille de près de 12 000 composés. Leur caractéristique commune est une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor, qui leur confère de nombreuses propriétés : elles sont stables sous de fortes chaleurs ; elles sont imperméables et antiadhésives ; elles repoussent les graisses et sont antitaches. Revers de ces multiples qualités : ces composés ne se dégradent pas, ou très peu, dans l’environnement. Ils s’infiltrent dans les sols, l’eau, l’air et les tissus organiques. Ils sont ainsi à l’origine d’une pollution systémique, parfois éternelle en raison de leur extrême persistance. Cette imprégnation généralisée est telle que le coût de la dépollution se chiffrerait, à l’échelle du continent et selon une récente enquête parue dans la presse, en centaines de milliards d’euros. Il est impossible aux humains et à tout être vivant d’échapper aux PFAS. Et une fois ces molécules dans un organisme, il est difficile de les en déloger, car leurs propriétés chimiques les préservent de l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader. Or cette exposition subie et massive est grave. Les scientifiques considèrent que ces substances représentent des risques sérieux pour la santé et de nombreuses études les caractérisent. Les plus documentés sont, notamment, l’altération de la fertilité, les maladies thyroïdiennes, les taux élevés de cholestérol, les lésions au foie, les cancers du rein et des testicules, la réponse moins importante aux vaccins ou encore le poids réduit des enfants à la naissance. Nous sommes donc bel et bien face à un désastre sanitaire, de l’ordre des scandales du chlordécone ou de l’amiante pour ce qui est de la portée et de la gravité. Ce constat étant posé, venons-en à la proposition de loi qui nous occupe ce matin. Avant d’en détailler les mesures, je souhaiterais souligner l’occasion que nous avons, grâce à l’intérêt collectif que nous avons su manifester, de poser aujourd’hui, puis la semaine prochaine en séance, les premiers jalons de la lutte contre les polluants éternels. Peu nombreuses sont en effet les propositions – surtout lorsqu’elles émanent des oppositions – qui franchissent les méandres de la navette parlementaire pour aboutir à une éventuelle adoption définitive. Et c’est bien avec cet objectif que je me présente à vous. Aussi, je veux avoir un mot de remerciement pour nos collègues du Sénat, qui ont bien voulu considérer ce texte et l’adopter dans de délais brefs, pour nous permettre d’en discuter aujourd’hui. Je rappelle que cette proposition de loi a été adoptée à l’unanimité, d’abord à l’Assemblée, puis au Sénat. Gageons qu’elle rencontrera le même enthousiasme pour cette deuxième lecture. Je vous propose d’adopter cette PPL à l’identique, dans sa version issue du Sénat. À cet égard, je vous remercie d’avoir été économes en propositions d’amendements et de permettre ainsi, je l’espère, une adoption conforme. Cette proposition, dont je suis l’auteur, a été modifiée depuis son dépôt. Son contenu a été amendé ici même, puis au Sénat. Autant le dire et cela n’échappera à personne, le texte tel qu’il nous parvient n’est pas celui que j’ai déposé ; il ne correspond pas, en tout point, à l’ambition initiale que je souhaitais donner à cette loi. Néanmoins, conscient des équilibres de notre assemblée et de l’urgence qu’il y a à agir contre les polluants éternels, je souhaite tout de même son adoption définitive, car il comporte des avancées majeures, dont il serait impensable de se priver, compte tenu de l’urgence de la situation. Avec cette PPL, je vous propose de doter la France de sa toute première loi de lutte contre les polluants éternels. Et par la même occasion de faire de notre pays l’un des pionniers en Europe en la matière. La première mesure vise à limiter la pollution aux PFAS à la source, en prenant des restrictions échelonnées dans le temps, selon la disponibilité des solutions de remplacement. Je vous propose d’agir dès 2026 sur des usages pour lesquels ces solutions existent déjà – les cosmétiques, les farts de ski, les vêtements et les chaussures –, puis en 2030 sur l’ensemble des produits textiles. Ce calendrier, fruit de nos débats, a été complété par les sénateurs, qui ont jugé bon d’ajouter certaines exceptions. Si le périmètre de celles-ci est défini dans le texte, leur liste devra faire l’objet d’un décret. Ces restrictions apparaissent plus que jamais essentielles. En effet, s’il existe un projet européen en ce sens, il semble « avoir du plomb dans l’aile ». J’ai d’ailleurs exprimé mes doutes à ce sujet devant vous, il y a plusieurs mois ; l’année écoulée m’aura malheureusement donné raison : la procédure européenne de restriction des PFAS sera plus longue et plus incertaine que prévu. Dès lors, adopter au niveau national les restrictions que je défends enverra à nos partenaires européens un signal ambitieux qui, je l’espère aussi, conduira à renforcer notre ambition commune. Concernant ces premières restrictions, je veux évoquer les ustensiles de cuisine qui, vous vous en souvenez sans doute, nous avaient divisés en première lecture. Je reste convaincu qu’ils ne devraient pas contenir de PFAS, car d’autres options existent. Sur cette question, je n’ai pas trouvé de majorité parlementaire ; j’ai en revanche, il me semble, remporté une bataille culturelle. À défaut d’établir une norme, nous aurons mis en lumière un enjeu majeur. Je ne rouvrirai donc pas le débat sur ces ustensiles, car je sais qu’il condamnerait toute possibilité d’adoption définitive. La deuxième mesure de cette PPL concerne le contrôle de l’eau potable. Je vous propose, dès la promulgation de cette loi, d’inclure les PFAS dans le contrôle sanitaire de la qualité de l’eau potable. Cette disposition va au-delà de la réglementation actuelle et de celle prévue par le droit européen. Elle instaure une recherche obligatoire des PFAS, sans délai, et concerne une liste de substances plus large que celle du droit européen. Pour rappel, une directive européenne nous obligera à rechercher vingt PFAS seulement, parmi lesquelles ne figure pas le TFA (acide trifluoroacétique), pourtant retrouvé massivement dans les eaux de nombreuses communes françaises. La disposition que je propose est assortie d’une obligation pour le gouvernement de publier une carte des sites ayant pu émettre ou émettant des PFAS dans l’environnement. Cette carte apportera une transparence bienvenue quant à la réalité de la pollution de nos territoires. Je propose ensuite, dans deux articles ajoutés au cours de la discussion, de doter la France d’une trajectoire nationale de réduction des rejets aqueux de PFAS depuis les installations industrielles, et d’établir un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux potables. Je souhaite également faire inscrire dans notre loi le principe pollueur-payeur. Cette inscription prendra la forme d’une redevance, assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau. Son objectif est de faire contribuer financièrement les industriels à l’origine de la pollution. J’insiste sur le coût que va représenter la pollution aux PFAS dans nos territoires, pour nos collectivités. Dès l’entrée en vigueur du contrôle de la présence des PFAS dans l’eau, nombre de nos communes connaîtront des dépassements de la norme réglementaire. Nos collectivités devront alors consentir des investissements massifs pour traiter l’eau. La redevance que je propose est un premier levier pour anticiper ce mur d’investissement. Elle a été précisée en première lecture et je suis heureux qu’elle ait été soutenue, à l’Assemblée puis chez nos collègues du Sénat, qui sont particulièrement sensibles aux contraintes qui pèseront bientôt sur nos collectivités. Le dernier point de cette PPL permet de préciser notre approche concernant les eaux potables. Il crée une obligation de transparence pour les autorités sanitaires, qui devront rendre publics les programmes d’analyse des PFAS dans l’eau potable et dresser des bilans réguliers. Le Sénat a souhaité préciser que ces contrôles cibleraient aussi les eaux en bouteilles, précision dont l’actualité a prouvé toute la pertinence. Pour conclure, je rappelle que nous avons aujourd’hui la possibilité de marquer une avancée majeure et d’être, collectivement, au rendez-vous pour lutter contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. Nous sommes observés et certains voient dans cette proposition de loi des mesures concrètes et un signal fort pour répondre à leurs préoccupations. J’espère que nous saurons être à la hauteur. L’enjeu est simple : il faut adopter cette PPL sans modification. Car sur ces sujets, chaque année de perdue se compte, hélas, en vies humaines.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
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   "analysis_text": "J’ai l’honneur de revenir devant notre commission ce matin pour vous soumettre à nouveau ma proposition de loi qui vise à protéger la population des risques liés aux PFAS Certains d’entre vous le savent, mon activité de parlementaire se concentre depuis de longs mois sur cette pollution chimique insidieuse, invisible mais omniprésente, que nul ne peut plus ignorer. Mes chers collègues, aucune de vos circonscriptions, aucun territoire, aucun cours d’eau ni réseau d’eau potable n’échappe à ce fléau, à cette menace de contamination généralisée, comme l’attestent notamment les récentes enquêtes sur la qualité de l’eau du robinet, parues dans la presse. Même si beaucoup d’entre vous étaient présents au sein de notre commission lors de la première lecture de cette proposition de loi, il y a près d’un an, d’autres nous ont rejoints depuis. Aussi, permettez-moi de revenir brièvement sur les défis soulevés par la pollution aux PFAS, même si je vous sais très nombreux à en connaître les enjeux. Ces PFAS, que l’on appelle aussi « polluants éternels », sont une invention humaine. Produits de la créativité de quelques industriels du XXe siècle, ces molécules sont, à l’échelle de l’humanité, extrêmement récentes. Jusque dans les années 1950, nous vivions dans un monde qui ignorait tout de la synthèse des PFAS. Ces substances chimiques forment une famille de près de 12 000 composés. Leur caractéristique commune est une chaîne d’atomes de carbone et de fluor, qui leur confère de nombreuses propriétés : elles sont stables sous de fortes chaleurs ; elles sont imperméables et antiadhésives ; elles repoussent les graisses et sont antitaches. Revers de ces multiples qualités : ces composés ne se dégradent pas, ou très peu, dans l’environnement. Ils s’infiltrent dans les sols, l’eau, l’air et les tissus organiques. Ils sont ainsi à l’origine d’une pollution systémique, parfois éternelle en raison de leur extrême persistance. Cette imprégnation généralisée est telle que le coût de la dépollution se chiffrerait, à l’échelle du continent et selon une récente enquête parue dans la presse, en centaines de milliards d’euros. Il est impossible aux humains et à tout être vivant d’échapper aux PFAS. Et une fois ces molécules dans un organisme, il est difficile de les en déloger, car leurs propriétés chimiques les préservent de l’action des enzymes qui devraient les dégrader. Or cette exposition subie et massive est grave. Les scientifiques considèrent que ces substances représentent des risques sérieux pour la santé et de nombreuses études les caractérisent. Les plus documentés sont, notamment, l’altération de la fertilité, les maladies thyroïdiennes, les taux élevés de cholestérol, les lésions au foie, les cancers du rein et des testicules, la réponse moins importante aux vaccins ou encore le poids réduit des enfants à la naissance. Nous sommes donc bel et bien face à un désastre sanitaire, de l’ordre des scandales du chlordécone ou de l’amiante pour ce qui est de la portée et de la gravité. Ce constat étant posé, venons-en à la proposition de loi qui nous occupe ce matin. Avant d’en détailler les mesures, je souhaiterais souligner l’occasion que nous avons, grâce à l’intérêt collectif que nous avons su manifester, de poser aujourd’hui, puis la semaine prochaine en séance, les premiers jalons de la lutte contre les polluants éternels. Peu nombreuses sont en effet les propositions – surtout lorsqu’elles émanent des oppositions – qui franchissent les méandres de la navette parlementaire pour aboutir à une éventuelle adoption définitive. Et c’est bien avec cet objectif que je me présente à vous. Aussi, je veux avoir un mot de remerciement pour nos collègues du Sénat, qui ont bien voulu considérer ce texte et l’adopter dans de délais brefs, pour nous permettre d’en discuter aujourd’hui. Je rappelle que cette proposition de loi a été adoptée à l’unanimité, d’abord à l’Assemblée, puis au Sénat. Gageons qu’elle rencontrera le même enthousiasme pour cette deuxième lecture. Je vous propose d’adopter cette PPL à l’identique, dans sa version issue du Sénat. À cet égard, je vous remercie d’avoir été économes en propositions d’amendements et de permettre ainsi, je l’espère, une adoption conforme. Cette proposition, dont je suis l’auteur, a été modifiée depuis son dépôt. Son contenu a été amendé ici même, puis au Sénat. Autant le dire et cela n’échappera à personne, le texte tel qu’il nous parvient n’est pas celui que j’ai déposé ; il ne correspond pas, en tout point, à l’ambition initiale que je souhaitais donner à cette loi. Néanmoins, conscient des équilibres de notre assemblée et de l’urgence qu’il y a à agir contre les polluants éternels, je souhaite tout de même son adoption définitive, car il comporte des avancées majeures, dont il serait impensable de se priver, compte tenu de l’urgence de la situation. Avec cette PPL, je vous propose de doter la France de sa toute première loi de lutte contre les polluants éternels. Et par la même occasion de faire de notre pays l’un des pionniers en Europe en la matière. La première mesure vise à limiter la pollution aux PFAS à la source, en prenant des restrictions échelonnées dans le temps, selon la disponibilité des solutions de remplacement. Je vous propose d’agir dès 2026 sur des usages pour lesquels ces solutions existent déjà – les cosmétiques, les farts de ski, les vêtements et les chaussures –, puis en 2030 sur l’ensemble des produits textiles. Ce calendrier, fruit de nos débats, a été complété par les sénateurs, qui ont jugé bon d’ajouter certaines exceptions. Si le périmètre de celles-ci est défini dans le texte, leur liste devra faire l’objet d’un décret. Ces restrictions apparaissent plus que jamais essentielles. En effet, s’il existe un projet européen en ce sens, il semble « avoir du plomb dans l’aile ». J’ai d’ailleurs exprimé mes doutes à ce sujet devant vous, il y a plusieurs mois ; l’année écoulée m’aura malheureusement donné raison : la procédure européenne de restriction des PFAS sera plus longue et plus incertaine que prévu. Dès lors, adopter au niveau national les restrictions que je défends enverra à nos partenaires européens un signal ambitieux qui, je l’espère aussi, conduira à renforcer notre ambition commune. Concernant ces premières restrictions, je veux évoquer les ustensiles de cuisine qui, vous vous en souvenez sans doute, nous avaient divisés en première lecture. Je reste convaincu qu’ils ne devraient pas contenir de PFAS, car d’autres options existent. Sur cette question, je n’ai pas trouvé de majorité parlementaire ; j’ai en revanche, il me semble, remporté une bataille culturelle. À défaut d’établir une norme, nous aurons mis en lumière un enjeu majeur. Je ne rouvrirai donc pas le débat sur ces ustensiles, car je sais qu’il condamnerait toute possibilité d’adoption définitive. La deuxième mesure de cette PPL concerne le contrôle de l’eau potable. Je vous propose, dès la promulgation de cette loi, d’inclure les PFAS dans le contrôle sanitaire de la qualité de l’eau potable. Cette disposition va au-delà de la réglementation actuelle et de celle prévue par le droit européen. Elle instaure une recherche obligatoire des PFAS, sans délai, et concerne une liste de substances plus large que celle du droit européen. Pour rappel, une directive européenne nous obligera à rechercher vingt PFAS seulement, parmi lesquelles ne figure pas le TFA (acide trifluoroacétique), pourtant retrouvé massivement dans les eaux de nombreuses communes françaises. La disposition que je propose est assortie d’une obligation pour le gouvernement de publier une carte des sites ayant pu émettre ou émettant des PFAS dans l’environnement. Cette carte apportera une transparence bienvenue quant à la réalité de la pollution de nos territoires. Je propose ensuite, dans deux articles ajoutés au cours de la discussion, de doter la France d’une trajectoire nationale de réduction des rejets aqueux de PFAS depuis les installations industrielles, et d’établir un plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux potables. Je souhaite également faire inscrire dans notre loi le principe pollueur-payeur. Cette inscription prendra la forme d’une redevance, assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau. Son objectif est de faire contribuer financièrement les industriels à l’origine de la pollution. J’insiste sur le coût que va représenter la pollution aux PFAS dans nos territoires, pour nos collectivités. Dès l’entrée en vigueur du contrôle de la présence des PFAS dans l’eau, nombre de nos communes connaîtront des dépassements de la norme réglementaire. Nos collectivités devront alors consentir des investissements massifs pour traiter l’eau. La redevance que je propose est un premier levier pour anticiper ce mur d’investissement. Elle a été précisée en première lecture et je suis heureux qu’elle ait été soutenue, à l’Assemblée puis chez nos collègues du Sénat, qui sont particulièrement sensibles aux contraintes qui pèseront bientôt sur nos collectivités. Le dernier point de cette PPL permet de préciser notre approche concernant les eaux potables. Il crée une obligation de transparence pour les autorités sanitaires, qui devront rendre publics les programmes d’analyse des PFAS dans l’eau potable et dresser des bilans réguliers. Le Sénat a souhaité préciser que ces contrôles cibleraient aussi les eaux en bouteilles, précision dont l’actualité a prouvé toute la pertinence. Pour conclure, je rappelle que nous avons aujourd’hui la possibilité de marquer une avancée majeure et d’être, collectivement, au rendez-vous pour lutter contre les toxiques qui empoisonnent nos vies. Nous sommes observés et certains voient dans cette proposition de loi des mesures concrètes et un signal fort pour répondre à leurs préoccupations. J’espère que nous saurons être à la hauteur. L’enjeu est simple : il faut adopter cette PPL sans modification. Car sur ces sujets, chaque année de perdue se compte, hélas, en vies humaines."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
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   "text": "Je souhaite débuter mon intervention par une rapide présentation. Je suis le député de la circonscription de Salindres. J’habite à cinq minutes de cette commune et je me promène tous les week-ends, avec mes enfants, au bord de l’Avène, qui serait, paraît-il la rivière la plus polluée au monde. Je suis donc vaguement concerné par le problème sanitaire dont nous traitons aujourd’hui Mais je suis aussi le député qui subit, à cause de l’effroi lié aux PFAS, la casse sociale provoquée par la fermeture de l’usine Solvay de Salindres. J’ai une pensée pour les soixante-douze salariés qui vont être licenciés dans les prochains mois – et qui devront continuer de rembourser leur crédit immobilier –, en raison de cet effroi créé par le législateur et de sa précipitation à légiférer. En effet, considérant la versatilité de ce même législateur, les industriels anticipent la future incorporation des TFA dans la législation relative aux PFAS et ferment leurs usines. Ce matin, j’aurais aimé pouvoir saluer Mme Agnès Pannier-Runacher, mais avec cette procédure de législation en commission, toute cette deuxième lecture se déroulera sans la présence de la ministre, qui ne pourra donc pas donner son avis sur les amendements examinés. Je trouve cela regrettable et pas sérieux de la part du gouvernement. Cette discussion aurait mérité une présence gouvernementale afin d’éviter une adoption à la va-vite. Mon collègue Frédéric-Pierre Vos a, par exemple, proposé un amendement pour classer les PFAS en trois catégories, selon le danger qu’elles présentent : verte pour les non dangereuses ; grise lorsqu’il n’y a pas d’avis fondé en matière de dangerosité ; rouge en cas d’avis scientifiques qui confirment la dangerosité. Si un ministre était présent, nous aurions pu obtenir une réponse quant à cet amendement. À la suite d’auditions que j’ai menées à titre personnel, j’ai quant à moi déposé un amendement visant à exclure les textiles à usage industriel. L’avis du rapporteur est certes très intéressant à cet égard, mais nous aurions aimé avoir une réponse du gouvernement. Je m’interroge également sur le bien-fondé d’une cartographie où figureront tous les sites qui produisent ou ont produit des PFAS. Cela ressemble à une chasse à l’entreprise et à une stigmatisation alors que, dans le même temps, le président de la République souhaite réindustrialiser le pays. Notre position est globalement bienveillante au regard des enjeux sanitaires que vous évoquez, Monsieur le rapporteur. Certaines de nos inquiétudes demeurent cependant et nous considérons que la peur n’est pas bonne conseillère lorsqu’il s’agit de légiférer. La situation dans ma circonscription en est un très bon exemple.",
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   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite débuter mon intervention par une rapide présentation. Je suis le député de la circonscription de Salindres. J’habite à cinq minutes de cette commune et je me promène tous les week-ends, avec mes enfants, au bord de l’Avène, qui serait, paraît-il la rivière la plus polluée au monde. Je suis donc vaguement concerné par le problème sanitaire dont nous traitons aujourd’hui Mais je suis aussi le député qui subit, à cause de l’effroi lié aux PFAS, la casse sociale provoquée par la fermeture de l’usine Solvay de Salindres. J’ai une pensée pour les soixante-douze salariés qui vont être licenciés dans les prochains mois – et qui devront continuer de rembourser leur crédit immobilier –, en raison de cet effroi créé par le législateur et de sa précipitation à légiférer. En effet, considérant la versatilité de ce même législateur, les industriels anticipent la future incorporation des TFA dans la législation relative aux PFAS et ferment leurs usines. Ce matin, j’aurais aimé pouvoir saluer Mme [PERSONNE], mais avec cette procédure de législation en commission, toute cette deuxième lecture se déroulera sans la présence de la ministre, qui ne pourra donc pas donner son avis sur les amendements examinés. Je trouve cela regrettable et pas sérieux de la part du gouvernement. Cette discussion aurait mérité une présence gouvernementale afin d’éviter une adoption à la va-vite. Mon collègue [PERSONNE] a, par exemple, proposé un amendement pour classer les PFAS en trois catégories, selon le danger qu’elles présentent : verte pour les non dangereuses ; grise lorsqu’il n’y a pas d’avis fondé en matière de dangerosité ; rouge en cas d’avis scientifiques qui confirment la dangerosité. Si un ministre était présent, nous aurions pu obtenir une réponse quant à cet amendement. À la suite d’auditions que j’ai menées à titre personnel, j’ai quant à moi déposé un amendement visant à exclure les textiles à usage industriel. L’avis du rapporteur est certes très intéressant à cet égard, mais nous aurions aimé avoir une réponse du gouvernement. Je m’interroge également sur le bien-fondé d’une cartographie où figureront tous les sites qui produisent ou ont produit des PFAS. Cela ressemble à une chasse à l’entreprise et à une stigmatisation alors que, dans le même temps, le président de la République souhaite réindustrialiser le pays. Notre position est globalement bienveillante au regard des enjeux sanitaires que vous évoquez, Monsieur le rapporteur. Certaines de nos inquiétudes demeurent cependant et nous considérons que la peur n’est pas bonne conseillère lorsqu’il s’agit de légiférer. La situation dans ma circonscription en est un très bon exemple."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794330",
   "speaker": "Anthony Brosse",
   "quality": "M. Anthony Brosse (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p322",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "322",
    "323",
    "324",
    "325"
   ],
   "order": 322,
   "text": "Nous nous retrouvons ce matin pour examiner de nouveau la proposition de loi visant à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées, de retour après son adoption, au printemps dernier, à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat. Fruit d’un travail transpartisan, sa réécriture avec le gouvernement et les différents groupes politiques a, en effet, permis d’aboutir à une version adoptée à l’unanimité par nos deux assemblées Les dates d’interdiction et les produits concernés ont fait débat – et c’est normal –, mais nous avons su trouver un consensus, salué à la fois par les représentants de la nation que nous sommes, par les associations de consommateurs et de protection de l’environnement et par la majorité des industriels producteurs de PFAS affectés par ces interdictions. Certes, les ustensiles de cuisine n’ont pas été retenus. Les entreprises impliquées et leurs salariés voient donc leur outil de production et leurs emplois préservés, l’évolution de ce secteur d’activité étant cependant nécessaire face à un législateur prompt à infléchir la réglementation sur les PFAS. En effet, la révision du règlement européen Reach sur l’enregistrement, l’évaluation et l’autorisation des produits chimiques utilisés sur le continent démontre la volonté des parlementaires de poursuivre l’action européenne en faveur d’une plus grande protection environnementale et sanitaire. Ces mesures ne signifient pas l’arrêt de la production de PFAS ni de leur rejet dans l’environnement, mais le texte que nous examinons présente l’avantage d’inscrire dans la loi de premières dispositions importantes et engageantes pour l’avenir. Nous pourrions également envisager de nous doter de la liste de l’ensemble des PFAS existantes – 15 000 environ –, identifier celles dont la dangerosité est avérée et prendre des mesures à leur encontre. En attendant que ce travail titanesque – qui n’est pas du ressort de la loi – soit effectué, le groupe EPR appelle à une adoption conforme de cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 312,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p322",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Ne85493cd2f54",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BESV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous retrouvons ce matin pour examiner de nouveau la proposition de loi visant à protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées, de retour après son adoption, au printemps dernier, à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat. Fruit d’un travail transpartisan, sa réécriture avec le gouvernement et les différents groupes politiques a, en effet, permis d’aboutir à une version adoptée à l’unanimité par nos deux assemblées Les dates d’interdiction et les produits concernés ont fait débat – et c’est normal –, mais nous avons su trouver un consensus, salué à la fois par les représentants de la nation que nous sommes, par les associations de consommateurs et de protection de l’environnement et par la majorité des industriels producteurs de PFAS affectés par ces interdictions. Certes, les ustensiles de cuisine n’ont pas été retenus. Les entreprises impliquées et leurs salariés voient donc leur outil de production et leurs emplois préservés, l’évolution de ce secteur d’activité étant cependant nécessaire face à un législateur prompt à infléchir la réglementation sur les PFAS. En effet, la révision du règlement européen Reach sur l’enregistrement, l’évaluation et l’autorisation des produits chimiques utilisés sur le continent démontre la volonté des parlementaires de poursuivre l’action européenne en faveur d’une plus grande protection environnementale et sanitaire. Ces mesures ne signifient pas l’arrêt de la production de PFAS ni de leur rejet dans l’environnement, mais le texte que nous examinons présente l’avantage d’inscrire dans la loi de premières dispositions importantes et engageantes pour l’avenir. Nous pourrions également envisager de nous doter de la liste de l’ensemble des PFAS existantes – 15 000 environ –, identifier celles dont la dangerosité est avérée et prendre des mesures à leur encontre. En attendant que ce travail titanesque – qui n’est pas du ressort de la loi – soit effectué, le groupe [GROUPE] appelle à une adoption conforme de cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842029",
   "speaker": "Claire Lejeune",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Lejeune (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p326",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "326",
    "327",
    "328",
    "329",
    "330",
    "331",
    "332",
    "333"
   ],
   "order": 326,
   "text": "Nous examinons aujourd’hui un texte qui marquera une étape cruciale dans le combat contre les PFAS, contre leur prolifération massive et leurs conséquences gravissimes sur la santé des Françaises et des Français. À cet égard, il faut saluer le travail mené sans relâche par des associations et des lanceurs d’alerte, par des élus, des journalistes et des scientifiques. Il faut aussi entendre la voix des victimes, qui se comptent par millions, puisque chacune et chacun d’entre nous sont concernés Nous devons garder à l’esprit la mesure de ce scandale, puisque les PFAS sont partout, que ce soit dans nos vêtements, nos cosmétiques, nos ustensiles de cuisine, dans l’air que nous respirons et l’eau que nous buvons. C’est tout notre quotidien qui est contaminé et qui, insidieusement, nous met en danger. Les eaux de surface de trois des cinq villes de ma circonscription – Athis-Mons, Savigny-sur-Orge et Viry-Châtillon – figurent parmi les 900 hotpots de contamination du territoire français. Ce sont au total des millions de nos concitoyens qui boivent une eau contenant des niveaux de PFAS supérieurs aux normes européennes. De même, des milliers de travailleurs – dont ceux de l’usine Solvay – sont surexposés à ces molécules. Et il en sera ainsi à l’avenir si la législation n’évolue pas. Ces quatre lettres sont devenues synonymes d’intoxication à très grande échelle, imputable en l’occurrence à la voracité et au cynisme des industriels et à la docilité, voire à la complaisance de certains décideurs politiques qui, en responsabilité, ont choisi de ne rien faire. Ce texte est une étape nécessaire, mais qui reste, comme M. le rapporteur l’a souligné, largement insuffisante. En effet, la poêle antiadhésive, symbole de ce quotidien qui intoxique, en est exclue. Or si les PFAS sont toxiques dans nos vêtements ou nos cosmétiques, ils le sont tout autant, et sans doute davantage, lorsqu’ils servent à notre alimentation. Il faut également mentionner les reculs consentis pour faire adopter cette PPL, notamment l’interdiction totale des PFAS en 2027 qui devient une interdiction limitée à certaines substances en 2030. En outre, dans sa version initiale, l’article 3 de la PPL prévoyait un gage sur le tabac et une taxe additionnelle de 1 % sur les bénéfices réalisés par les industries qui rejettent des PFAS dans l’environnement. Ces éléments ont disparu de la nouvelle mouture du texte, mais la question du financement demeure. En Europe, la fourchette des coûts en matière de santé après l’exposition aux PFAS est de l’ordre de 52 à 84 milliards d’euros chaque année. Quant aux coûts des traitements des eaux potables et usées nécessaires à l’élimination des PFAS, ils sont estimés à 238 milliards d’euros par an, à l’échelle de l’Union européenne. Ces montants sont colossaux. Qui va payer ? Tant que les pollueurs ne paient pas, ce sont les pollués qui le font, deux fois, par leurs impôts et par leur santé. Ils paient même, parfois, de leur vie. Nous saluons ce texte et nous soutiendrons son adoption en conformité, mais c’est un salut au milieu d’une bataille qui ne fait que commencer.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 508,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p326",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nff6859e14471",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous examinons aujourd’hui un texte qui marquera une étape cruciale dans le combat contre les PFAS, contre leur prolifération massive et leurs conséquences gravissimes sur la santé des Françaises et des Français. À cet égard, il faut saluer le travail mené sans relâche par des associations et des lanceurs d’alerte, par des élus, des journalistes et des scientifiques. Il faut aussi entendre la voix des victimes, qui se comptent par millions, puisque chacune et chacun d’entre nous sont concernés Nous devons garder à l’esprit la mesure de ce scandale, puisque les PFAS sont partout, que ce soit dans nos vêtements, nos cosmétiques, nos ustensiles de cuisine, dans l’air que nous respirons et l’eau que nous buvons. C’est tout notre quotidien qui est contaminé et qui, insidieusement, nous met en danger. Les eaux de surface de trois des cinq villes de ma circonscription – Athis-Mons, Savigny-sur-Orge et Viry-Châtillon – figurent parmi les 900 hotpots de contamination du territoire français. Ce sont au total des millions de nos concitoyens qui boivent une eau contenant des niveaux de PFAS supérieurs aux normes européennes. De même, des milliers de travailleurs – dont ceux de l’usine Solvay – sont surexposés à ces molécules. Et il en sera ainsi à l’avenir si la législation n’évolue pas. Ces quatre lettres sont devenues synonymes d’intoxication à très grande échelle, imputable en l’occurrence à la voracité et au cynisme des industriels et à la docilité, voire à la complaisance de certains décideurs politiques qui, en responsabilité, ont choisi de ne rien faire. Ce texte est une étape nécessaire, mais qui reste, comme M. le rapporteur l’a souligné, largement insuffisante. En effet, la poêle antiadhésive, symbole de ce quotidien qui intoxique, en est exclue. Or si les PFAS sont toxiques dans nos vêtements ou nos cosmétiques, ils le sont tout autant, et sans doute davantage, lorsqu’ils servent à notre alimentation. Il faut également mentionner les reculs consentis pour faire adopter cette PPL, notamment l’interdiction totale des PFAS en 2027 qui devient une interdiction limitée à certaines substances en 2030. En outre, dans sa version initiale, l’article 3 de la PPL prévoyait un gage sur le tabac et une taxe additionnelle de 1 % sur les bénéfices réalisés par les industries qui rejettent des PFAS dans l’environnement. Ces éléments ont disparu de la nouvelle mouture du texte, mais la question du financement demeure. En Europe, la fourchette des coûts en matière de santé après l’exposition aux PFAS est de l’ordre de 52 à 84 milliards d’euros chaque année. Quant aux coûts des traitements des eaux potables et usées nécessaires à l’élimination des PFAS, ils sont estimés à 238 milliards d’euros par an, à l’échelle de l’Union européenne. Ces montants sont colossaux. Qui va payer ? Tant que les pollueurs ne paient pas, ce sont les pollués qui le font, deux fois, par leurs impôts et par leur santé. Ils paient même, parfois, de leur vie. Nous saluons ce texte et nous soutiendrons son adoption en conformité, mais c’est un salut au milieu d’une bataille qui ne fait que commencer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795430",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Delautrette",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Delautrette (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "334",
    "335",
    "336",
    "337",
    "338",
    "339"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "L’ensemble du groupe Socialistes et apparentés se félicite de voir ce texte de nos partenaires écologistes revenir en deuxième lecture devant notre commission, un peu plus de dix mois après son adoption en première lecture De quoi parlons-nous exactement lorsque l’on évoque les PFAS ? Indestructibles dans la nature et capables de se disperser sur de très grandes distances, ces substances sont considérées comme des polluants éternels. Présents dans nombre d’objets de la vie courante – tapis, peintures, emballages alimentaires, traitements contre l’acné, gainages de circuits électriques dans les avions, prothèses de hanche, fil dentaire, cordes de guitare, batteries de véhicules électriques…–, ils continuent d’être largement produits et utilisés, en raison notamment de leurs qualités antiadhésives et imperméabilisantes. Pourtant, ces produits posent deux problèmes très concrets, qui ont fait l’objet d’une large attention médiatique ces derniers mois, ce dont je ne peux que me féliciter. Premier problème : ces substances sont partout dans notre environnement, comme l’ont prouvé les rapports du BRGM (Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières) et du Forever Pollution Project, qui ont recensé près de 17 000 sites contaminés dans toute l’Europe, dont 2 000 environ qui présentent des niveaux de pollution particulièrement inquiétants pour la santé des riverains. Des effets nocifs et toxiques de plusieurs PFAS sur le métabolisme humain ont été observés et le caractère cancérigène de ces produits est avéré. Leur présence dans l’eau, l’air et dans certaines poussières n’est pas anodine, tandis que le coût de la dépollution se chiffre à 2 000 milliards d’euros sur vingt ans pour l’Europe, selon les dernières estimations. Concrètement, ne pas agir aujourd’hui signifie voir augmenter encore cette facture vertigineuse, alors que d’autres investissements sont nécessaires pour relever les défis de la transition écologique. Nous sommes, dans cette commission, particulièrement bien placés pour le savoir. Aussi la proposition de loi du groupe Écologiste et social – qui vise à interdire les PFAS dans les produits cosmétiques, les emballages alimentaires et les farts – est-elle la bienvenue, comme le prouve le large consensus obtenu en première lecture, à l’Assemblée comme au Sénat. Et bien que la version du texte examinée aujourd’hui soit moins ambitieuse que celle d’origine, nous ne pouvons que nous satisfaire que le législateur s’empare de ce sujet écologique et sociétal majeur. Nous soutiendrons donc cette PPL et nous nous joignons à l’appel de notre collègue rapporteur pour un vote conforme.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 395,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p334",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N1c6e4191e33f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’ensemble du groupe [GROUPE] se félicite de voir ce texte de nos partenaires écologistes revenir en deuxième lecture devant notre commission, un peu plus de dix mois après son adoption en première lecture De quoi parlons-nous exactement lorsque l’on évoque les PFAS ? Indestructibles dans la nature et capables de se disperser sur de très grandes distances, ces substances sont considérées comme des polluants éternels. Présents dans nombre d’objets de la vie courante – tapis, peintures, emballages alimentaires, traitements contre l’acné, gainages de circuits électriques dans les avions, prothèses de hanche, fil dentaire, cordes de guitare, batteries de véhicules électriques…–, ils continuent d’être largement produits et utilisés, en raison notamment de leurs qualités antiadhésives et imperméabilisantes. Pourtant, ces produits posent deux problèmes très concrets, qui ont fait l’objet d’une large attention médiatique ces derniers mois, ce dont je ne peux que me féliciter. Premier problème : ces substances sont partout dans notre environnement, comme l’ont prouvé les rapports du BRGM (Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières) et du Forever Pollution Project, qui ont recensé près de 17 000 sites contaminés dans toute l’Europe, dont 2 000 environ qui présentent des niveaux de pollution particulièrement inquiétants pour la santé des riverains. Des effets nocifs et toxiques de plusieurs PFAS sur le métabolisme humain ont été observés et le caractère cancérigène de ces produits est avéré. Leur présence dans l’eau, l’air et dans certaines poussières n’est pas anodine, tandis que le coût de la dépollution se chiffre à 2 000 milliards d’euros sur vingt ans pour l’Europe, selon les dernières estimations. Concrètement, ne pas agir aujourd’hui signifie voir augmenter encore cette facture vertigineuse, alors que d’autres investissements sont nécessaires pour relever les défis de la transition écologique. Nous sommes, dans cette commission, particulièrement bien placés pour le savoir. Aussi la proposition de loi du groupe [GROUPE] – qui vise à interdire les PFAS dans les produits cosmétiques, les emballages alimentaires et les farts – est-elle la bienvenue, comme le prouve le large consensus obtenu en première lecture, à l’Assemblée comme au Sénat. Et bien que la version du texte examinée aujourd’hui soit moins ambitieuse que celle d’origine, nous ne pouvons que nous satisfaire que le législateur s’empare de ce sujet écologique et sociétal majeur. Nous soutiendrons donc cette PPL et nous nous joignons à l’appel de notre collègue rapporteur pour un vote conforme."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330909",
   "speaker": "Vincent Descoeur",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Descoeur (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p340",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "343",
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   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "Le texte que nous examinons ce matin traite d’un sujet particulièrement préoccupant, souvent soulevé, souvent montré du doigt, mais qui, à ce jour, n’a jamais fait l’objet d’une réponse législative. Il s’agit des risques environnementaux et sanitaires qui découlent de la présence en nombre de PFAS, tristement connus sous le nom de polluants éternels en raison de leur persistance dans l’environnement Si ces PFAS présentent des propriétés particulières qui ont incité les industriels à les développer – on en recense aujourd’hui plus de 12 000 –, elles se caractérisent aussi par un inconvénient majeur : leur persistance dans la nature, où ils ne cessent de s’accumuler. On les retrouve désormais en quantité dans le sol, dans l’air et dans l’eau, en particulier dans celle destinée à la consommation humaine. Ce qui suffit à justifier que l’on se préoccupe, sans délai, de cette question de santé publique en introduisant le principe de recherche systématique et sans délai de la présence de ces PFAS dans l’eau potable. Au-delà de cette disposition, l’article 2 de cette proposition de loi introduit le principe d’une redevance acquittée par les producteurs de ces molécules. Ils contribueront ainsi à la dépollution de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine, en accompagnant les collectivités – par l’intermédiaire des agences de l’eau – qui devront, immanquablement, engager des investissements massifs. Je souscris pleinement à ce principe à titre personnel, cela d’autant plus que dans le rapport d’information sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au changement climatique, et parmi les propositions que mon collègue Yannick Haury et moi-même avions faites, figurait en bonne place l’élargissement aux PFAS de la redevance pour pollution diffuse, sur le principe pollueur-payeur. Ce texte, adopté en première lecture à l’Assemblée, est le fruit d’un compromis avec le Sénat, ce qui mérite d’être souligné. Son objectif est de protéger nos concitoyens contre les risques pour la santé inhérents aux rejets de ces substances, désormais très présentes dans notre environnement quotidien, et d’en interdire à terme l’utilisation dans un certain nombre de domaines, en raison de leur caractère persistant. Résultat d’une prise de conscience salutaire, cette PPL est une première réponse à un problème de santé publique très préoccupant. Il s’agit d’un premier pas, auquel notre groupe s’associera.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 371,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p340",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N2dfc99c526eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte que nous examinons ce matin traite d’un sujet particulièrement préoccupant, souvent soulevé, souvent montré du doigt, mais qui, à ce jour, n’a jamais fait l’objet d’une réponse législative. Il s’agit des risques environnementaux et sanitaires qui découlent de la présence en nombre de PFAS, tristement connus sous le nom de polluants éternels en raison de leur persistance dans l’environnement Si ces PFAS présentent des propriétés particulières qui ont incité les industriels à les développer – on en recense aujourd’hui plus de 12 000 –, elles se caractérisent aussi par un inconvénient majeur : leur persistance dans la nature, où ils ne cessent de s’accumuler. On les retrouve désormais en quantité dans le sol, dans l’air et dans l’eau, en particulier dans celle destinée à la consommation humaine. Ce qui suffit à justifier que l’on se préoccupe, sans délai, de cette question de santé publique en introduisant le principe de recherche systématique et sans délai de la présence de ces PFAS dans l’eau potable. Au-delà de cette disposition, l’article 2 de cette proposition de loi introduit le principe d’une redevance acquittée par les producteurs de ces molécules. Ils contribueront ainsi à la dépollution de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine, en accompagnant les collectivités – par l’intermédiaire des agences de l’eau – qui devront, immanquablement, engager des investissements massifs. Je souscris pleinement à ce principe à titre personnel, cela d’autant plus que dans le rapport d’information sur l’adaptation de la politique de l’eau au changement climatique, et parmi les propositions que mon collègue [PERSONNE] et moi-même avions faites, figurait en bonne place l’élargissement aux PFAS de la redevance pour pollution diffuse, sur le principe pollueur-payeur. Ce texte, adopté en première lecture à l’Assemblée, est le fruit d’un compromis avec le Sénat, ce qui mérite d’être souligné. Son objectif est de protéger nos concitoyens contre les risques pour la santé inhérents aux rejets de ces substances, désormais très présentes dans notre environnement quotidien, et d’en interdire à terme l’utilisation dans un certain nombre de domaines, en raison de leur caractère persistant. Résultat d’une prise de conscience salutaire, cette PPL est une première réponse à un problème de santé publique très préoccupant. Il s’agit d’un premier pas, auquel notre groupe s’associera."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p345",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "345",
    "346",
    "347",
    "348",
    "349",
    "350",
    "351",
    "352"
   ],
   "order": 345,
   "text": "Nous avons tous du poison dans le sang. Les PFAS, ces polluants éternels, sont partout : dans l’eau que nous buvons, dans l’air que nous respirons, dans la nourriture que nous mangeons. Et ils ne disparaissent jamais. L’an dernier, avec treize autres députés de mon groupe, j’ai fait analyser mes cheveux. Résultat : un taux de contamination aux PFAS bien supérieur à la moyenne nationale. Cela me concerne moi, mais aussi les habitants de ma circonscription et du sud de Lyon, autour de Pierre-Bénite, l’un des territoires les plus pollués d’Europe, à cause des rejets de l’industrie chimique Nous savons que les PFAS provoquent des troubles hormonaux, des cancers et d’autres maladies graves. Nous savons aussi qui sont les premières victimes : les travailleurs des usines de l’industrie chimique. Ces mêmes ouvriers qu’on a laissés sans protection face à l’amiante, que l’on a sacrifiés au nom du profit. Nous leur devons la vérité ; nous leur devons des solutions pour sortir de cette industrie toxique. Le consensus scientifique est clair. La raison de notre inaction l’est moins. Pourquoi perdons-nous tant de temps, alors que nous disposons de tous les éléments pour agir ? Peut-être parce que face à cette proposition de loi, l’industrie chimique a sorti l’artillerie lourde. BASF, Bayer, Syensqo (ex-Solvay) et tous les grands pollueurs ont mobilisé leur lobby. Il y a un an, en Belgique, ils ont réuni soixante‑treize PDG pour signer un pacte contre l’interdiction de PFAS. Ils nous parlent de pacte industriel, mais un pacte pour qui ? Certainement pas pour nous, qui avons déjà perdu trop de temps. Chaque année, la contamination s’étend, le nombre des victimes et les coûts de dépollution explosent : jusqu’à 100 milliards d’euros par an en Europe. Alors qui va payer ? Pas les pollueurs, alors ce sera nous, nos collectivités, nos hôpitaux, nos familles, nos corps. Face à ce sabotage organisé, des voix s’élèvent heureusement et refusent de se taire. Celles de scientifiques qui voient leurs travaux ignorés ou minimisés sous la pression des industriels ; celles de journalistes qui mettent en lumière la vérité ; celles de collectivités qui prennent leurs responsabilités ; celles d’associations et de militants qui, partout en France, se battent sans relâche pour la transparence et la justice environnementale. J’étais, pas plus tard qu’hier, aux côtés de militants attaqués en justice pour avoir dénoncé le scandale des PFAS produits par Arkema, dans le Rhône. Ces citoyens analysent l’air, l’eau, les corps et révèlent ce que d’autres préfèrent cacher. Ils interpellent les pouvoirs publics, exposent les responsabilités, demandent des comptes aux pollueurs et organisent des actions en justice, pour que l’empoisonnement de nos territoires ne soit pas une fatalité. Pour ne pas les trahir, je vous invite à voter cette proposition de loi de mon collègue Nicolas Thierry, sur laquelle il travaille depuis deux ans. Et à la voter telle quelle, sans amendement, afin qu’elle puisse s’appliquer au plus vite. Bien sûr, nous devrons aller plus loin dans cette bataille, mais en demander davantage aujourd’hui, ce serait prendre le risque de perdre ce précieux texte dans les méandres des échanges parlementaires et, finalement, de ne jamais voir adoptées les avancées obtenues. Ce serait au fond faire un cadeau aux lobbies. Ce serait dire aux Français : « Oui, nous savons que vous buvez de l’eau contaminée, mais laissez‑nous encore quelques années pour agir. » Ce n’est pas notre choix. Défendons la santé des gens et ne laissons pas les pollueurs dicter la loi.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 579,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p345",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N15ed62dfffa5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILMOPQRSV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons tous du poison dans le sang. Les PFAS, ces polluants éternels, sont partout : dans l’eau que nous buvons, dans l’air que nous respirons, dans la nourriture que nous mangeons. Et ils ne disparaissent jamais. L’an dernier, avec treize autres députés de mon groupe, j’ai fait analyser mes cheveux. Résultat : un taux de contamination aux PFAS bien supérieur à la moyenne nationale. Cela me concerne moi, mais aussi les habitants de ma circonscription et du sud de Lyon, autour de Pierre-Bénite, l’un des territoires les plus pollués d’Europe, à cause des rejets de l’industrie chimique Nous savons que les PFAS provoquent des troubles hormonaux, des cancers et d’autres maladies graves. Nous savons aussi qui sont les premières victimes : les travailleurs des usines de l’industrie chimique. Ces mêmes ouvriers qu’on a laissés sans protection face à l’amiante, que l’on a sacrifiés au nom du profit. Nous leur devons la vérité ; nous leur devons des solutions pour sortir de cette industrie toxique. Le consensus scientifique est clair. La raison de notre inaction l’est moins. Pourquoi perdons-nous tant de temps, alors que nous disposons de tous les éléments pour agir ? Peut-être parce que face à cette proposition de loi, l’industrie chimique a sorti l’artillerie lourde. BASF, Bayer, Syensqo (ex-Solvay) et tous les grands pollueurs ont mobilisé leur lobby. Il y a un an, en Belgique, ils ont réuni soixante‑treize PDG pour signer un pacte contre l’interdiction de PFAS. Ils nous parlent de pacte industriel, mais un pacte pour qui ? Certainement pas pour nous, qui avons déjà perdu trop de temps. Chaque année, la contamination s’étend, le nombre des victimes et les coûts de dépollution explosent : jusqu’à 100 milliards d’euros par an en Europe. Alors qui va payer ? Pas les pollueurs, alors ce sera nous, nos collectivités, nos hôpitaux, nos familles, nos corps. Face à ce sabotage organisé, des voix s’élèvent heureusement et refusent de se taire. Celles de scientifiques qui voient leurs travaux ignorés ou minimisés sous la pression des industriels ; celles de journalistes qui mettent en lumière la vérité ; celles de collectivités qui prennent leurs responsabilités ; celles d’associations et de militants qui, partout en France, se battent sans relâche pour la transparence et la justice environnementale. J’étais, pas plus tard qu’hier, aux côtés de militants attaqués en justice pour avoir dénoncé le scandale des PFAS produits par Arkema, dans le Rhône. Ces citoyens analysent l’air, l’eau, les corps et révèlent ce que d’autres préfèrent cacher. Ils interpellent les pouvoirs publics, exposent les responsabilités, demandent des comptes aux pollueurs et organisent des actions en justice, pour que l’empoisonnement de nos territoires ne soit pas une fatalité. Pour ne pas les trahir, je vous invite à voter cette proposition de loi de mon collègue [PERSONNE], sur laquelle il travaille depuis deux ans. Et à la voter telle quelle, sans amendement, afin qu’elle puisse s’appliquer au plus vite. Bien sûr, nous devrons aller plus loin dans cette bataille, mais en demander davantage aujourd’hui, ce serait prendre le risque de perdre ce précieux texte dans les méandres des échanges parlementaires et, finalement, de ne jamais voir adoptées les avancées obtenues. Ce serait au fond faire un cadeau aux lobbies. Ce serait dire aux Français : « Oui, nous savons que vous buvez de l’eau contaminée, mais laissez‑nous encore quelques années pour agir. » Ce n’est pas notre choix. Défendons la santé des gens et ne laissons pas les pollueurs dicter la loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p353",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "353",
    "354",
    "355",
    "356",
    "357"
   ],
   "order": 353,
   "text": "Il y a trois ans était révélée la pollution aux PFAS dans ma circonscription, à Pierre-Bénite, au sud de la métropole de Lyon. Le groupe Les Démocrates soutient pleinement ce texte, qui reprend les recommandations du rapport « PFAS, pollution et dépendance : comment faire marche arrière ? », que m’avait confié le gouvernement. On y retrouve ainsi l’interdiction d’usages non essentiels de PFAS dans les farts, les cosmétiques et certains textiles, dès 2026, le renforcement du contrôle des eaux potables, pour inclure celui des PFAS, comme c’est inscrit dans la directive-cadre sur l’eau, l’interdiction des rejets des PFAS dans les milieux naturels, à la suite d’un amendement du groupe Les Démocrates adopté lors de la première lecture, la définition, dans le plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, un ajout opportun du Sénat au regard de l’estimation proposée par le Forever Pollution Project. Il reprend aussi une redevance pollueur-payeur assise sur les rejets aqueux des PFAS, qui deviendra rapidement obsolète je l’espère, car il n’y aura plus de rejets Nous souhaitons un vote conforme du texte du Sénat, afin qu’il soit promulgué le plus rapidement possible. Il s’agit, en effet, d’un message fort envoyé aux industriels pour qu’ils anticipent la fin de l’utilisation des PFAS dans leur processus de fabrication – comme ont déjà su le faire les producteurs de cosmétiques – et qu’ils participent financièrement à la dépollution. Il s’agit aussi d’envoyer un message à l’Europe, car la vraie réponse sera européenne. Il y a un an, l’Europe a ainsi interdit l’usage des PFAS dans les emballages alimentaires. La France prend de l’avance aujourd’hui et anticipe les décisions que l’Europe devra prendre rapidement, de manière harmonisée, sur l’ensemble du continent. Mais cette PPL n’est qu’une première pierre et nous devrons aller plus loin. Plusieurs pays d’Asie s’emparent du sujet, tandis que des états américains interdisent déjà d’autres usages des PFAS, comme dans les textiles d’ameublement et les jouets. Il nous faudra également traiter la question des rejets atmosphériques et de l’air ambiant et insister auprès de certains acteurs qui ont pris du retard – industriels, armée, compagnies aériennes – pour qu’ils débutent des campagnes de prélèvement et d’analyse et mettent en place des mesures contre les rejets de PFAS. Enfin, nous avons interdit certains usages et c’est une très bonne chose. Dès à présent, les autorités publiques doivent prévoir des contrôles – car il ne suffit pas d’interdire, il faut ensuite contrôler –, afin que les produits importés ne contiennent plus de PFAS. Des décisions restent à prendre pour protéger durablement notre environnement et la santé de nos concitoyens. Le groupe Les Démocrates soutient cette avancée législative, coconstruite par nos collègues ici – je me souviens de la première proposition de loi de M. Taupiac – et au Sénat. Nous devrons également suivre collectivement la progression du plan interministériel que le gouvernement a mis en place il y a un an.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 492,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p353",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N3888c8455f9a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELMPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a trois ans était révélée la pollution aux PFAS dans ma circonscription, à Pierre-Bénite, au sud de la métropole de Lyon. Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient pleinement ce texte, qui reprend les recommandations du rapport « PFAS, pollution et dépendance : comment faire marche arrière ? », que m’avait confié le gouvernement. On y retrouve ainsi l’interdiction d’usages non essentiels de PFAS dans les farts, les cosmétiques et certains textiles, dès 2026, le renforcement du contrôle des eaux potables, pour inclure celui des PFAS, comme c’est inscrit dans la directive-cadre sur l’eau, l’interdiction des rejets des PFAS dans les milieux naturels, à la suite d’un amendement du groupe [GROUPE] adopté lors de la première lecture, la définition, dans le plan d’action interministériel pour le financement de la dépollution des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine, un ajout opportun du Sénat au regard de l’estimation proposée par le Forever Pollution Project. Il reprend aussi une redevance pollueur-payeur assise sur les rejets aqueux des PFAS, qui deviendra rapidement obsolète je l’espère, car il n’y aura plus de rejets Nous souhaitons un vote conforme du texte du Sénat, afin qu’il soit promulgué le plus rapidement possible. Il s’agit, en effet, d’un message fort envoyé aux industriels pour qu’ils anticipent la fin de l’utilisation des PFAS dans leur processus de fabrication – comme ont déjà su le faire les producteurs de cosmétiques – et qu’ils participent financièrement à la dépollution. Il s’agit aussi d’envoyer un message à l’Europe, car la vraie réponse sera européenne. Il y a un an, l’Europe a ainsi interdit l’usage des PFAS dans les emballages alimentaires. La France prend de l’avance aujourd’hui et anticipe les décisions que l’Europe devra prendre rapidement, de manière harmonisée, sur l’ensemble du continent. Mais cette PPL n’est qu’une première pierre et nous devrons aller plus loin. Plusieurs pays d’Asie s’emparent du sujet, tandis que des états américains interdisent déjà d’autres usages des PFAS, comme dans les textiles d’ameublement et les jouets. Il nous faudra également traiter la question des rejets atmosphériques et de l’air ambiant et insister auprès de certains acteurs qui ont pris du retard – industriels, armée, compagnies aériennes – pour qu’ils débutent des campagnes de prélèvement et d’analyse et mettent en place des mesures contre les rejets de PFAS. Enfin, nous avons interdit certains usages et c’est une très bonne chose. Dès à présent, les autorités publiques doivent prévoir des contrôles – car il ne suffit pas d’interdire, il faut ensuite contrôler –, afin que les produits importés ne contiennent plus de PFAS. Des décisions restent à prendre pour protéger durablement notre environnement et la santé de nos concitoyens. Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient cette avancée législative, coconstruite par nos collègues ici – je me souviens de la première proposition de loi de M. Taupiac – et au Sénat. Nous devrons également suivre collectivement la progression du plan interministériel que le gouvernement a mis en place il y a un an."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p358",
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   ],
   "order": 358,
   "text": "Tout d’abord merci, Monsieur le rapporteur, d’avoir remis cette question essentielle au centre de nos préoccupations En 2023, Christophe Béchu, ministre de la transition écologique, présentait un plan d’action ministérielle pour la période 2023-2027, qui prévoyait notamment la surveillance des milieux naturels, l’accélération des recherches scientifiques pour trouver des produits de remplacement ainsi qu’un accès facilité à l’information pour les citoyens. L’idée était de rappeler l’importance d’une action coordonnée à l’échelle européenne pour supprimer les risques liés à l’utilisation des PFAS. Le texte examiné aujourd’hui, travaillé par nos deux assemblées en première lecture, confirme la volonté de réduire la source d’exposition et les risques sanitaires associés à ces PFAS. Il prévoit notamment des interdictions de mises sur le marché, dès 2026, pour certains produits comme les cosmétiques, les farts, les textiles d’habillement et de chaussures – hors vêtements industriels et de protection –, pour lesquels il existe déjà des solutions de remplacement. Lors de la première lecture, nous avons trouvé un consensus entre notre obligation de supprimer les risques sanitaires et la nécessaire transformation des industries qui utilisent ces produits, pour leur permettre de trouver des alternatives et préserver ainsi l’économie. Le groupe Horizons & indépendants confirme – après déjà deux votes – vouloir interdire l’ensemble de ces substances, de manière coordonnée et harmonisée à l’échelle européenne, sauf dérogations proportionnées que nous avons pu prévoir et qui ont été reprises par le Sénat. Force est de constater que les négociations européennes sur le sujet ont pris du retard, même si le travail de consultation continue, par le biais notamment de l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (Echa). C’est pourquoi, en tant que législateur, il nous incombe d’agir sans attendre, en particulier lorsque des produits de substitution opérationnels existent déjà, pour envoyer un message à nos partenaires européens. Nous soutenons également l’amendement introduit par les sénateurs qui prévoit que les interdictions voulues dans cette PPL soient soumises à un régime de contrôles et de sanctions, au même titre que le prévoit le règlement Reach, qui permet d’harmoniser la réglementation à l’échelle européenne. Nous soutenons aussi les politiques visant à mobiliser les connaissances scientifiques, pour aider la R&D (recherche et développement) de l’industrie à trouver des alternatives pour l’ensemble des PFAS, quand bien même tous n’auraient pas le même impact sur la santé. Il est temps de cesser d’opposer le respect de notre environnement et le développement économique. Nous ne pouvons enfin que soutenir le renforcement des contrôles de l’eau potable et la mise en place d’une trajectoire nationale visant à réduire les rejets de PFAS par les installations industrielles, en amont de leur interdiction, planifiée cinq ans après la promulgation de la loi pour permettre aux industriels de s’adapter et retrouver des alternatives durables. Nous avions déjà soutenu cette position en première lecture. Par ailleurs, j’ai déjà souligné, lors de la précédente discussion de cette PPL, le coût exorbitant de la dépollution de l’air, de l’eau et des sols pour les collectivités territoriales, qui seront incapables d’en supporter la totalité. Ce texte, qui est un compromis de nos deux assemblées – j’en profite pour remercier Cyrille Isaac-Sibille pour le travail essentiel qu’il a accompli –, est une première réponse à une préoccupation majeure de santé environnement. Le groupe Horizons & indépendants appelle, par conséquent, à un vote conforme de ce texte.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 549,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p358",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd79be329cbdf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELMPQRS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Tout d’abord merci, Monsieur le rapporteur, d’avoir remis cette question essentielle au centre de nos préoccupations En 2023, [PERSONNE], ministre de la transition écologique, présentait un plan d’action ministérielle pour la période 2023-2027, qui prévoyait notamment la surveillance des milieux naturels, l’accélération des recherches scientifiques pour trouver des produits de remplacement ainsi qu’un accès facilité à l’information pour les citoyens. L’idée était de rappeler l’importance d’une action coordonnée à l’échelle européenne pour supprimer les risques liés à l’utilisation des PFAS. Le texte examiné aujourd’hui, travaillé par nos deux assemblées en première lecture, confirme la volonté de réduire la source d’exposition et les risques sanitaires associés à ces PFAS. Il prévoit notamment des interdictions de mises sur le marché, dès 2026, pour certains produits comme les cosmétiques, les farts, les textiles d’habillement et de chaussures – hors vêtements industriels et de protection –, pour lesquels il existe déjà des solutions de remplacement. Lors de la première lecture, nous avons trouvé un consensus entre notre obligation de supprimer les risques sanitaires et la nécessaire transformation des industries qui utilisent ces produits, pour leur permettre de trouver des alternatives et préserver ainsi l’économie. Le groupe [GROUPE] confirme – après déjà deux votes – vouloir interdire l’ensemble de ces substances, de manière coordonnée et harmonisée à l’échelle européenne, sauf dérogations proportionnées que nous avons pu prévoir et qui ont été reprises par le Sénat. Force est de constater que les négociations européennes sur le sujet ont pris du retard, même si le travail de consultation continue, par le biais notamment de l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (Echa). C’est pourquoi, en tant que législateur, il nous incombe d’agir sans attendre, en particulier lorsque des produits de substitution opérationnels existent déjà, pour envoyer un message à nos partenaires européens. Nous soutenons également l’amendement introduit par les sénateurs qui prévoit que les interdictions voulues dans cette PPL soient soumises à un régime de contrôles et de sanctions, au même titre que le prévoit le règlement Reach, qui permet d’harmoniser la réglementation à l’échelle européenne. Nous soutenons aussi les politiques visant à mobiliser les connaissances scientifiques, pour aider la R&D (recherche et développement) de l’industrie à trouver des alternatives pour l’ensemble des PFAS, quand bien même tous n’auraient pas le même impact sur la santé. Il est temps de cesser d’opposer le respect de notre environnement et le développement économique. Nous ne pouvons enfin que soutenir le renforcement des contrôles de l’eau potable et la mise en place d’une trajectoire nationale visant à réduire les rejets de PFAS par les installations industrielles, en amont de leur interdiction, planifiée cinq ans après la promulgation de la loi pour permettre aux industriels de s’adapter et retrouver des alternatives durables. Nous avions déjà soutenu cette position en première lecture. Par ailleurs, j’ai déjà souligné, lors de la précédente discussion de cette PPL, le coût exorbitant de la dépollution de l’air, de l’eau et des sols pour les collectivités territoriales, qui seront incapables d’en supporter la totalité. Ce texte, qui est un compromis de nos deux assemblées – j’en profite pour remercier [PERSONNE] pour le travail essentiel qu’il a accompli –, est une première réponse à une préoccupation majeure de santé environnement. Le groupe [GROUPE] appelle, par conséquent, à un vote conforme de ce texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793796",
   "speaker": "David Taupiac",
   "quality": "M. David Taupiac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
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   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "371",
    "372",
    "373"
   ],
   "order": 369,
   "text": "Nous allons acter la semaine prochaine, je l’espère, une première étape dans la lutte contre les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées. C’est l’aboutissement d’un long parcours parlementaire, débuté lors de la XVIe législature avec l’audition, en avril 2023, de l’association Générations futures, du CNRS (Centre national de la recherche scientifique) et de la direction générale de la prévention des risques (DGPR). Cette audition nous avait alertés quant à la pollution massive des PFAS et à leur impact environnemental et sanitaire. J’ai par la suite défendu, dans le cadre de la niche parlementaire réservée au groupe LIOT une proposition de loi interdisant ces substances dans les emballages alimentaires et imposant des normes limites de rejets aux ICPE (installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement). Ce texte n’avait pas été voté, mais cela n’avait pas mis fin au travail parlementaire. Sur presque tous les bancs de l’Assemblée, des députés ont continué à se mobiliser. Je pense par exemple à Jimmy Pahun, à Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et, surtout, à Nicolas Thierry, que je remercie pour son travail Dans le même temps, les ONG et la presse n’ont cessé de jouer leur rôle de lanceurs d’alerte, essentiel pour faire bouger les choses. Nous examinons aujourd’hui un texte de compromis ; certains y verront des renoncements, d’autres des contraintes excessives. J’y vois pour ma part des mesures utiles, qui tiennent compte de l’état des connaissances et de la science, et une première étape pour faire entrer la question des PFAS dans la loi. Ainsi, le calendrier d’interdiction d’utilisation des PFAS concerne certaines applications – les farts, les cosmétiques et le textile – pour lesquelles il existe d’autres solutions que ces substances. À cela s’ajoutent des mesures de réduction de pollution à la source, par la mise en place de normes de rejets industriels. C’est une démarche nécessaire pour que nos sols et nos eaux, déjà contaminés, ne le soient pas davantage. Quant à l’ajout de PFAS à la liste des substances assujetties à la redevance pour pollution de l’eau, il constitue une première étape vers le financement de la dépollution. Il y a bien sûr quelques bémols : la proposition de loi issue du Sénat renvoie une grande partie des mesures à des décrets, ménageant ainsi autant de voies de sortie pour les industriels. En outre, elle ne concerne qu’un nombre très limité d’usages, qu’il conviendra d’élargir en travaillant avec les industriels concernés. Le groupe LIOT ne déposera pas d’amendement pour faciliter l’adoption conforme, à laquelle nous sommes favorables, en commission et dans l’hémicycle.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 417,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p369",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd52b7079baf1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous allons acter la semaine prochaine, je l’espère, une première étape dans la lutte contre les substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées. C’est l’aboutissement d’un long parcours parlementaire, débuté lors de la XVIe législature avec l’audition, en avril 2023, de l’association Générations futures, du CNRS (Centre national de la recherche scientifique) et de la direction générale de la prévention des risques (DGPR). Cette audition nous avait alertés quant à la pollution massive des PFAS et à leur impact environnemental et sanitaire. J’ai par la suite défendu, dans le cadre de la niche parlementaire réservée au groupe LIOT une proposition de loi interdisant ces substances dans les emballages alimentaires et imposant des normes limites de rejets aux ICPE (installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement). Ce texte n’avait pas été voté, mais cela n’avait pas mis fin au travail parlementaire. Sur presque tous les bancs de l’Assemblée, des députés ont continué à se mobiliser. Je pense par exemple à [PERSONNE], à [PERSONNE] et, surtout, à [PERSONNE], que je remercie pour son travail Dans le même temps, les ONG et la presse n’ont cessé de jouer leur rôle de lanceurs d’alerte, essentiel pour faire bouger les choses. Nous examinons aujourd’hui un texte de compromis ; certains y verront des renoncements, d’autres des contraintes excessives. J’y vois pour ma part des mesures utiles, qui tiennent compte de l’état des connaissances et de la science, et une première étape pour faire entrer la question des PFAS dans la loi. Ainsi, le calendrier d’interdiction d’utilisation des PFAS concerne certaines applications – les farts, les cosmétiques et le textile – pour lesquelles il existe d’autres solutions que ces substances. À cela s’ajoutent des mesures de réduction de pollution à la source, par la mise en place de normes de rejets industriels. C’est une démarche nécessaire pour que nos sols et nos eaux, déjà contaminés, ne le soient pas davantage. Quant à l’ajout de PFAS à la liste des substances assujetties à la redevance pour pollution de l’eau, il constitue une première étape vers le financement de la dépollution. Il y a bien sûr quelques bémols : la proposition de loi issue du Sénat renvoie une grande partie des mesures à des décrets, ménageant ainsi autant de voies de sortie pour les industriels. En outre, elle ne concerne qu’un nombre très limité d’usages, qu’il conviendra d’élargir en travaillant avec les industriels concernés. Le groupe LIOT ne déposera pas d’amendement pour faciliter l’adoption conforme, à laquelle nous sommes favorables, en commission et dans l’hémicycle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux (UDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "374",
    "375",
    "376",
    "377"
   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "Comme Pierre Meurin, j’ai dans ma circonscription un site industriel, l’usine Tefal, qui utilise ces produits et au sein duquel travaillent 1 800 personnes, qui fabriquent des poêles antiadhésives. Je me balade, moi aussi, au bord de l’eau, avec ma fille de sept ans ; je n’ignore rien des problèmes sur la santé et l’environnement que posent les PFAS. L’UDR comprend la préoccupation des Français, qui est évidemment tout à fait légitime Vous avez eu raison, Monsieur le rapporteur, de porter un regard particulier sur les ustensiles de cuisine, qui sont aujourd’hui un des fleurons de notre industrie, d’autant que les industriels sont déjà contraints par la norme Reach, qui encadre l’utilisation de ce type de produits. Et si, demain, il était interdit de les fabriquer, nous devrions, de toute façon, faire face à des importations de pays moins regardants quant à la qualité de leurs produits. On retrouverait ainsi, en Europe et en France, des produits chinois largement plus polluants. Il faut donc protéger notre industrie, avec sérieux et sérénité, en contrôlant la pollution et ses effets sur la population. Ne cassons pas nos fleurons à cause de dogmes écolo-socialo. C’est ce qu’on a fait dans l’automobile et, aujourd’hui, on importe des voitures électriques plus polluantes. C’est ce qu’on a fait pour notre agriculture, détruite par un système de surtransposition des directives européennes, ce qui nous conduit à importer des poulets ukrainiens immangeables ou de mauvaises oranges espagnoles. Ne détruisons pas à nouveau notre industrie à cause de dogmes écolos. (Protestations.) Je voulais dire d’extrême gauche.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 257,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p374",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Neacb37b035e9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BESV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Comme [PERSONNE], j’ai dans ma circonscription un site industriel, l’usine Tefal, qui utilise ces produits et au sein duquel travaillent 1 800 personnes, qui fabriquent des poêles antiadhésives. Je me balade, moi aussi, au bord de l’eau, avec ma fille de sept ans ; je n’ignore rien des problèmes sur la santé et l’environnement que posent les PFAS. L’[GROUPE] comprend la préoccupation des Français, qui est évidemment tout à fait légitime Vous avez eu raison, Monsieur le rapporteur, de porter un regard particulier sur les ustensiles de cuisine, qui sont aujourd’hui un des fleurons de notre industrie, d’autant que les industriels sont déjà contraints par la norme Reach, qui encadre l’utilisation de ce type de produits. Et si, demain, il était interdit de les fabriquer, nous devrions, de toute façon, faire face à des importations de pays moins regardants quant à la qualité de leurs produits. On retrouverait ainsi, en Europe et en France, des produits chinois largement plus polluants. Il faut donc protéger notre industrie, avec sérieux et sérénité, en contrôlant la pollution et ses effets sur la population. Ne cassons pas nos fleurons à cause de dogmes écolo-socialo. C’est ce qu’on a fait dans l’automobile et, aujourd’hui, on importe des voitures électriques plus polluantes. C’est ce qu’on a fait pour notre agriculture, détruite par un système de surtransposition des directives européennes, ce qui nous conduit à importer des poulets ukrainiens immangeables ou de mauvaises oranges espagnoles. Ne détruisons pas à nouveau notre industrie à cause de dogmes écolos. (Protestations.) Je voulais dire d’extrême gauche."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p378",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "378",
    "379",
    "380",
    "381"
   ],
   "order": 378,
   "text": "Merci, mes chers collègues, pour votre soutien quasi unanime Je souhaite revenir sur le TFA, afin que tout le monde comprenne bien de quoi l’on parle. Le TFA est un PFAS à chaîne courte qui, de ce fait, est particulièrement mobile. Par ailleurs, il peut aussi apparaître dans l’environnement parce que certains PFAS, lorsqu’ils se dégradent, deviennent des métabolites du TFA. C’est ce qui explique qu’on le retrouve dans de nombreux endroits, à des taux très élevés. Cela inquiète beaucoup les autorités, car, à lui seul, le TFA pourrait faire dépasser les seuils de réglementation qui vont être proposés. C’est un sujet de préoccupation en Europe, en particulier au sein de l’AEPC (ou Echa), qui déborde largement le cadre de cette PPL. Ainsi, l’agence de l’environnement allemande vient, par exemple, de classer le TFA comme reprotoxique. Cela va concerner nombre d’industries, la filière et beaucoup de collectivités, car lorsqu’il sera classé comme toxique – ce qui arrivera à un moment ou à un autre –, ce sera un réel problème. Retenez bien ces trois lettres, car le TFA risque d’être un sujet majeur dans les prochaines années. S’agissant de la dépollution, évoquée par Claire Lejeune notamment, nous devrons nous en préoccuper collectivement après cette proposition de loi. Certes, nous allons faire en sorte de fermer le robinet, mais il subsistera la pollution historique. Comment allons-nous dépolluer ce qui est contaminé depuis des décennies ? Il existe des technologies, comme celle de l’osmose inverse ou celle du charbon actif, mais elles sont extrêmement coûteuses. Les journalistes ont d’ailleurs souligné le coût que cette dépollution allait représenter. C’est l’un des premiers chantiers que nous devrons ouvrir, une fois cette PPL adoptée : comment s’attaquer à cette pollution historique sans mettre les collectivités dans d’immenses difficultés ? Je ne m’étends pas davantage, car les autres questions seront abordées dans le cadre de l’examen des amendements.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Examen en commission",
   "article": "Article 2 bis Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p33",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 312,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p378",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Na4959fe5b539",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Merci, mes chers collègues, pour votre soutien quasi unanime Je souhaite revenir sur le TFA, afin que tout le monde comprenne bien de quoi l’on parle. Le TFA est un PFAS à chaîne courte qui, de ce fait, est particulièrement mobile. Par ailleurs, il peut aussi apparaître dans l’environnement parce que certains PFAS, lorsqu’ils se dégradent, deviennent des métabolites du TFA. C’est ce qui explique qu’on le retrouve dans de nombreux endroits, à des taux très élevés. Cela inquiète beaucoup les autorités, car, à lui seul, le TFA pourrait faire dépasser les seuils de réglementation qui vont être proposés. C’est un sujet de préoccupation en Europe, en particulier au sein de l’AEPC (ou Echa), qui déborde largement le cadre de cette PPL. Ainsi, l’agence de l’environnement allemande vient, par exemple, de classer le TFA comme reprotoxique. Cela va concerner nombre d’industries, la filière et beaucoup de collectivités, car lorsqu’il sera classé comme toxique – ce qui arrivera à un moment ou à un autre –, ce sera un réel problème. Retenez bien ces trois lettres, car le TFA risque d’être un sujet majeur dans les prochaines années. S’agissant de la dépollution, évoquée par [PERSONNE] notamment, nous devrons nous en préoccuper collectivement après cette proposition de loi. Certes, nous allons faire en sorte de fermer le robinet, mais il subsistera la pollution historique. Comment allons-nous dépolluer ce qui est contaminé depuis des décennies ? Il existe des technologies, comme celle de l’osmose inverse ou celle du charbon actif, mais elles sont extrêmement coûteuses. Les journalistes ont d’ailleurs souligné le coût que cette dépollution allait représenter. C’est l’un des premiers chantiers que nous devrons ouvrir, une fois cette PPL adoptée : comment s’attaquer à cette pollution historique sans mettre les collectivités dans d’immenses difficultés ? Je ne m’étends pas davantage, car les autres questions seront abordées dans le cadre de l’examen des amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p384",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "384",
    "385",
    "386",
    "387",
    "388"
   ],
   "order": 384,
   "text": "Oui, les PFAS sont préoccupants. C’est pour cette raison qu’un plan ministériel a été engagé, que l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) et l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (AEPC, ou Echa) travaillent sur cette question et qu’existe la réglementation Reach (enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances) – réglementation que la proposition de loi tend d’ailleurs non à surtransposer, mais à « avant-transposer » Les industriels ont été traités de grands pollueurs, voire de grands criminels au titre de l’incidence de leurs produits sur la santé. Il convient de rétablir certaines vérités. Car si on retrouve effectivement des PFAS dans nos cheveux, ils font aussi partie des composants des pacemakers, des stents, des implants dentaires, des prothèses de hanche, ou encore de médicaments contre le cholestérol. Réfléchissons donc avant de renoncer à tout cela. Par ailleurs, je rappelle que la proposition de loi n’est pas assortie d’une étude d’impact. L’article 1er, particulièrement, ne distingue pas les PFAS préoccupants pour la santé humaine et l’environnement de ceux qui sont par nature non solubles et non biodisponibles. Tous les PFAS – et heureusement, vu qu’il en existe 11 000 – ne sont pas dangereux pour la santé ! C’est notamment le cas du polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF), polymère produit sans fluorosurfactant dans plusieurs sites français, dont celui de Solvay à Tavaux. Très utile à nos médicaments, mais aussi à nos batteries lithium-ion, cette substance est stratégique pour notre souveraineté en matière de transition écologique. J’appelle donc à faire la part des choses et à éviter les discours populistes. De ce que j’ai entendu, on agite les peurs, on fait peur aux gens, alors que la chimie n’est pas toujours dangereuse pour l’homme. Du point de vue sanitaire, je le répète, les PFAS ont constitué un progrès et favorisé l’allongement de la vie de nos concitoyens. Il faut être un peu rationnel.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 321,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p384",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7f5b15f3ed53",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELMPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, les PFAS sont préoccupants. C’est pour cette raison qu’un plan ministériel a été engagé, que l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) et l’Agence européenne des produits chimiques (AEPC, ou Echa) travaillent sur cette question et qu’existe la réglementation Reach (enregistrement, évaluation, autorisation des substances chimiques et restrictions applicables à ces substances) – réglementation que la proposition de loi tend d’ailleurs non à surtransposer, mais à « avant-transposer » Les industriels ont été traités de grands pollueurs, voire de grands criminels au titre de l’incidence de leurs produits sur la santé. Il convient de rétablir certaines vérités. Car si on retrouve effectivement des PFAS dans nos cheveux, ils font aussi partie des composants des pacemakers, des stents, des implants dentaires, des prothèses de hanche, ou encore de médicaments contre le cholestérol. Réfléchissons donc avant de renoncer à tout cela. Par ailleurs, je rappelle que la proposition de loi n’est pas assortie d’une étude d’impact. L’article 1er, particulièrement, ne distingue pas les PFAS préoccupants pour la santé humaine et l’environnement de ceux qui sont par nature non solubles et non biodisponibles. Tous les PFAS – et heureusement, vu qu’il en existe 11 000 – ne sont pas dangereux pour la santé ! C’est notamment le cas du polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF), polymère produit sans fluorosurfactant dans plusieurs sites français, dont celui de Solvay à Tavaux. Très utile à nos médicaments, mais aussi à nos batteries lithium-ion, cette substance est stratégique pour notre souveraineté en matière de transition écologique. J’appelle donc à faire la part des choses et à éviter les discours populistes. De ce que j’ai entendu, on agite les peurs, on fait peur aux gens, alors que la chimie n’est pas toujours dangereuse pour l’homme. Du point de vue sanitaire, je le répète, les PFAS ont constitué un progrès et favorisé l’allongement de la vie de nos concitoyens. Il faut être un peu rationnel."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p389",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "389",
    "390",
    "391",
    "392",
    "393"
   ],
   "order": 389,
   "text": "Je vous répondrai de manière très rationnelle, comme vous m’y invitez D’abord, vous souhaitez distinguer les PFAS utilisés dans le secteur de la santé : c’est justement ce que nous faisons, ainsi que l’Union européenne. Nous nous efforçons de séparer les usages essentiels des usages non-essentiels. C’est pourquoi les pacemakers et les prothèses ne sont évidemment pas concernés par la proposition de loi et que l’Echa ne prévoit pas de délai pour la substitution de cette substance pour ces dispositifs, pour lesquels le bénéfice des PFAS est plus important que le risque. À l’inverse, la balance penche clairement du côté du risque s’agissant des usages des industries textile et cosmétique, ou encore pour la fabrication des farts de ski ; c’est ce à quoi je propose de renoncer. Par ailleurs, vous faites valoir que le texte n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude d’impact. C’est vrai de toutes les propositions de loi – contrairement aux projets de loi. Nous avons néanmoins mené des auditions. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur le rapport très complet que notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille a rendu en janvier 2024. Et nous disposons de très nombreuses études décrivant les dangers potentiels de ces substances chimiques persistantes pour l’environnement et pour la santé. Dit autrement, une large bibliographie scientifique et des travaux parlementaires fouillés viennent étayer le texte. L’argument selon lequel nous manquerions de données n’est donc absolument pas recevable. Vous avez également indiqué que l’Union européenne évaluait actuellement une proposition de restriction universelle, qui a été déposée il y a deux ans par cinq États membres. C’est exact, mais le processus n’aboutira dans le meilleur des cas que dans plusieurs années, alors que nous faisons face à un risque sanitaire établi. À cet égard, je rappelle que certains PFAS sont en passe d’être interdits dans l’ensemble de l’Union européenne, à l’instar de ceux utilisés pour les emballages alimentaires, et que certains pays comme le Danemark ont déjà imposé des restrictions d’utilisation pour certains produits. C’est précisément la visée de la proposition de loi. De manière très rationnelle, nous réfléchissons en fonction des usages et proposons de limiter le plus rapidement possible la diffusion de ces polluants éternels dans l’environnement dans les secteurs de consommation courante où des solutions de substitution existent déjà. Mon avis est donc évidemment défavorable sur cet amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 382,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p389",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N6ccc9c85f8c4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous répondrai de manière très rationnelle, comme vous m’y invitez D’abord, vous souhaitez distinguer les PFAS utilisés dans le secteur de la santé : c’est justement ce que nous faisons, ainsi que l’Union européenne. Nous nous efforçons de séparer les usages essentiels des usages non-essentiels. C’est pourquoi les pacemakers et les prothèses ne sont évidemment pas concernés par la proposition de loi et que l’Echa ne prévoit pas de délai pour la substitution de cette substance pour ces dispositifs, pour lesquels le bénéfice des PFAS est plus important que le risque. À l’inverse, la balance penche clairement du côté du risque s’agissant des usages des industries textile et cosmétique, ou encore pour la fabrication des farts de ski ; c’est ce à quoi je propose de renoncer. Par ailleurs, vous faites valoir que le texte n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude d’impact. C’est vrai de toutes les propositions de loi – contrairement aux projets de loi. Nous avons néanmoins mené des auditions. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur le rapport très complet que notre collègue [PERSONNE] a rendu en janvier 2024. Et nous disposons de très nombreuses études décrivant les dangers potentiels de ces substances chimiques persistantes pour l’environnement et pour la santé. Dit autrement, une large bibliographie scientifique et des travaux parlementaires fouillés viennent étayer le texte. L’argument selon lequel nous manquerions de données n’est donc absolument pas recevable. Vous avez également indiqué que l’Union européenne évaluait actuellement une proposition de restriction universelle, qui a été déposée il y a deux ans par cinq États membres. C’est exact, mais le processus n’aboutira dans le meilleur des cas que dans plusieurs années, alors que nous faisons face à un risque sanitaire établi. À cet égard, je rappelle que certains PFAS sont en passe d’être interdits dans l’ensemble de l’Union européenne, à l’instar de ceux utilisés pour les emballages alimentaires, et que certains pays comme le Danemark ont déjà imposé des restrictions d’utilisation pour certains produits. C’est précisément la visée de la proposition de loi. De manière très rationnelle, nous réfléchissons en fonction des usages et proposons de limiter le plus rapidement possible la diffusion de ces polluants éternels dans l’environnement dans les secteurs de consommation courante où des solutions de substitution existent déjà. Mon avis est donc évidemment défavorable sur cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p394",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "394",
    "395",
    "396",
    "397"
   ],
   "order": 394,
   "text": "Cet amendement n’est pas sérieux ! Nous sommes réunis pour traiter le cas de polluants dits éternels, des composés chimiques qui ne se dégradent pas de manière naturelle et qui s’accumulent dans nos organismes, et nous ne devrions pas agir ? Pour ne citer qu’une étude, celle conduite l’an dernier par l’UFC-Que choisir et l’association Générations Futures fait apparaître que la quasi-totalité des Français sont exposés aux PFAS par l’eau potable qu’ils consomment au quotidien. Il s’agit d’une pollution mondiale, ces substances étant extrêmement mobiles et se propageant tout au long de la chaîne alimentaire, selon le phénomène de bio‑amplification. Des dizaines de ces composés ont ainsi été retrouvées sur des ours polaires qui, par définition, vivent loin de toute source de pollution. Répétons-le, les PFAS sont reprotoxiques et à l’origine de lésions hépatiques, de cancers, de pathologies de la thyroïde, ou encore d’obésité, et diminuent les réponses immunitaires, notamment à la suite de vaccins. Mais à vous écouter, pour favoriser l’allongement de la vie de nos concitoyens, il faudrait surtout ne rien faire ! Ce n’est pas entendable. Alors que les scientifiques s’accordent justement à dire que nous ne protégeons pas suffisamment les Français contre ce fléau, vous nous expliquez qu’il est urgent d’attendre, de réfléchir davantage. Par cet amendement – et les autres que vous avez déposés –, vous renvoyez à une éventuelle interdiction au niveau européen, mais nous ne pouvons pas attendre. Enfin, je rappelle qu’en première lecture l’Assemblée avait adopté un amendement visant à activer la clause de sauvegarde prévue à l’article 129 du règlement Reach, qui dispose que « lorsqu’un État membre est fondé à estimer qu’une action d’urgence est indispensable pour protéger la santé humaine ou l’environnement en ce qui concerne une substance […], il peut prendre des mesures provisoires appropriées ». Nous sommes précisément dans cette situation, aussi pouvons-nous et devons-nous agir maintenant et sans attendre l’Europe.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 314,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p394",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Neb9137481e00",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement n’est pas sérieux ! Nous sommes réunis pour traiter le cas de polluants dits éternels, des composés chimiques qui ne se dégradent pas de manière naturelle et qui s’accumulent dans nos organismes, et nous ne devrions pas agir ? Pour ne citer qu’une étude, celle conduite l’an dernier par l’UFC-Que choisir et l’association Générations Futures fait apparaître que la quasi-totalité des Français sont exposés aux PFAS par l’eau potable qu’ils consomment au quotidien. Il s’agit d’une pollution mondiale, ces substances étant extrêmement mobiles et se propageant tout au long de la chaîne alimentaire, selon le phénomène de bio‑amplification. Des dizaines de ces composés ont ainsi été retrouvées sur des ours polaires qui, par définition, vivent loin de toute source de pollution. Répétons-le, les PFAS sont reprotoxiques et à l’origine de lésions hépatiques, de cancers, de pathologies de la thyroïde, ou encore d’obésité, et diminuent les réponses immunitaires, notamment à la suite de vaccins. Mais à vous écouter, pour favoriser l’allongement de la vie de nos concitoyens, il faudrait surtout ne rien faire ! Ce n’est pas entendable. Alors que les scientifiques s’accordent justement à dire que nous ne protégeons pas suffisamment les Français contre ce fléau, vous nous expliquez qu’il est urgent d’attendre, de réfléchir davantage. Par cet amendement – et les autres que vous avez déposés –, vous renvoyez à une éventuelle interdiction au niveau européen, mais nous ne pouvons pas attendre. Enfin, je rappelle qu’en première lecture l’Assemblée avait adopté un amendement visant à activer la clause de sauvegarde prévue à l’article 129 du règlement Reach, qui dispose que « lorsqu’un État membre est fondé à estimer qu’une action d’urgence est indispensable pour protéger la santé humaine ou l’environnement en ce qui concerne une substance […], il peut prendre des mesures provisoires appropriées ». Nous sommes précisément dans cette situation, aussi pouvons-nous et devons-nous agir maintenant et sans attendre l’Europe."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p398",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "398",
    "399",
    "400",
    "401"
   ],
   "order": 398,
   "text": "Je ne retirerai pas un mot de l’intervention de Mme Brulebois. Les industriels sont très inquiets, pas tant en raison de la proposition de loi à proprement parler, mais des conséquences qu’ils anticipent pour leur activité Comme souvent, il y a une forme d’hypocrisie derrière de tels textes écolos. Nous adoptons des réglementations environnementales, sanitaires, sociales, mais comme nous participons à la mondialisation, nous importons ensuite les produits que nous ne fabriquons plus chez nous, ceux-ci étant d’autant plus compétitifs que leur élaboration n’obéit à aucune de nos normes. Pour reprendre l’exemple de l’usine Solvay à Salindres, l’acide trifluoroacétique (TFA) qui y est produit est indispensable à la fabrication, entre autres, de traitements antiviraux et contre le cancer. Et pour un court laps de temps encore, cette usine est la seule d’Europe à fabriquer cette molécule. Or si elle ferme alors que nous aurons toujours besoin de TFA, nous serons amenés à l’importer de Chine, où elle est produite sans normes environnementales et sanitaires. Pour reprendre la fameuse citation, « il n’est pas contraire à la raison de préférer la destruction du monde entier à une égratignure de mon doigt ». L’écologie et les droits humains, c’est bien chez nous, mais ce qui se passe à des milliers de kilomètres, tout le monde s’en fiche ! Cette hypocrisie m’agace très fortement et porte atteinte à la compétitivité de nos entreprises.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 230,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p398",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N10089548b4fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne retirerai pas un mot de l’intervention de Mme Brulebois. Les industriels sont très inquiets, pas tant en raison de la proposition de loi à proprement parler, mais des conséquences qu’ils anticipent pour leur activité Comme souvent, il y a une forme d’hypocrisie derrière de tels textes écolos. Nous adoptons des réglementations environnementales, sanitaires, sociales, mais comme nous participons à la mondialisation, nous importons ensuite les produits que nous ne fabriquons plus chez nous, ceux-ci étant d’autant plus compétitifs que leur élaboration n’obéit à aucune de nos normes. Pour reprendre l’exemple de l’usine Solvay à Salindres, l’acide trifluoroacétique (TFA) qui y est produit est indispensable à la fabrication, entre autres, de traitements antiviraux et contre le cancer. Et pour un court laps de temps encore, cette usine est la seule d’Europe à fabriquer cette molécule. Or si elle ferme alors que nous aurons toujours besoin de TFA, nous serons amenés à l’importer de Chine, où elle est produite sans normes environnementales et sanitaires. Pour reprendre la fameuse citation, « il n’est pas contraire à la raison de préférer la destruction du monde entier à une égratignure de mon doigt ». L’écologie et les droits humains, c’est bien chez nous, mais ce qui se passe à des milliers de kilomètres, tout le monde s’en fiche ! Cette hypocrisie m’agace très fortement et porte atteinte à la compétitivité de nos entreprises."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p402",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "402",
    "403",
    "404"
   ],
   "order": 402,
   "text": "Je rappelle que les PFAS ont été développés lors de la dernière guerre mondiale à des fins militaires mais leurs propriétés sont si exceptionnelles qu’ils ont été utilisés dans de nombreuses autres productions Je ferai un parallèle avec le nucléaire. La radioactivité existe à l’état naturel et personne ne pourrait se passer du nucléaire dans le domaine de la santé, notamment pour les scanners, mais nous contrôlons cette filière. Il doit en aller de même des PFAS, dont nous devons reprendre le contrôle. Nous ne remettons pas en cause ses usages essentiels, pour la médecine ou pour la transition énergétique, mais seulement ses usages considérés comme futiles. Dans les domaines des cosmétiques, du textile, ou encore du fart, nous pouvons nous en passer. Et pour les avoir rencontrés, je peux vous dire que les représentants de ces filières ont compris l’enjeu et suppriment d’ores et déjà les PFAS de leurs productions. Quant à l’étude d’impact, elle a eu lieu sur le terrain. Par ce texte, nous envoyons un signal aux industriels, dans l’attente d’une réponse européenne, voire mondiale. Nous affirmons que la France est prête à avancer. De nombreuses années seront nécessaires à l’émergence de cette filière et l’un des enjeux sera effectivement de contrôler les produits fabriqués hors de l’Union européenne.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 212,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p402",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7c1f4f0d9e95",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle que les PFAS ont été développés lors de la dernière guerre mondiale à des fins militaires mais leurs propriétés sont si exceptionnelles qu’ils ont été utilisés dans de nombreuses autres productions Je ferai un parallèle avec le nucléaire. La radioactivité existe à l’état naturel et personne ne pourrait se passer du nucléaire dans le domaine de la santé, notamment pour les scanners, mais nous contrôlons cette filière. Il doit en aller de même des PFAS, dont nous devons reprendre le contrôle. Nous ne remettons pas en cause ses usages essentiels, pour la médecine ou pour la transition énergétique, mais seulement ses usages considérés comme futiles. Dans les domaines des cosmétiques, du textile, ou encore du fart, nous pouvons nous en passer. Et pour les avoir rencontrés, je peux vous dire que les représentants de ces filières ont compris l’enjeu et suppriment d’ores et déjà les PFAS de leurs productions. Quant à l’étude d’impact, elle a eu lieu sur le terrain. Par ce texte, nous envoyons un signal aux industriels, dans l’attente d’une réponse européenne, voire mondiale. Nous affirmons que la France est prête à avancer. De nombreuses années seront nécessaires à l’émergence de cette filière et l’un des enjeux sera effectivement de contrôler les produits fabriqués hors de l’Union européenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p405",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "405",
    "406",
    "407"
   ],
   "order": 405,
   "text": "Je remercie ma collègue du Jura pour son engagement et apporte mon soutien à la plateforme Syensqo de Tavaux, qui a montré, en mesurant les taux de polluants éternels en amont et en aval, que le site ne produisait pas de PFAS à chaîne courte On ne peut pas ranger tous les PFAS dans une même catégorie : ceux à chaîne longue, par définition, ne pénètrent pas dans l’organisme et ne sont pas mobiles, contrairement à ceux à chaînes courtes qui sont très perméables, mobiles et impossibles à détruire. Il faut absolument faire cette distinction au sein des douze molécules de PFAS. Grâce à ce site jurassien, la France a su se doter d’une production de PVDF, substance nécessaire à la fabrication de nombreux produits du quotidien, sans utilisation de PFAS à chaîne courte, et au service de notre transition énergétique. J’aimerais que chacun reconnaisse cette différence, plutôt que de participer à une démagogie écologique qui mettra nécessairement notre industrie en grande difficulté.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 163,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p405",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N4c8688c76a70",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie ma collègue du Jura pour son engagement et apporte mon soutien à la plateforme Syensqo de Tavaux, qui a montré, en mesurant les taux de polluants éternels en amont et en aval, que le site ne produisait pas de PFAS à chaîne courte On ne peut pas ranger tous les PFAS dans une même catégorie : ceux à chaîne longue, par définition, ne pénètrent pas dans l’organisme et ne sont pas mobiles, contrairement à ceux à chaînes courtes qui sont très perméables, mobiles et impossibles à détruire. Il faut absolument faire cette distinction au sein des douze molécules de PFAS. Grâce à ce site jurassien, la France a su se doter d’une production de PVDF, substance nécessaire à la fabrication de nombreux produits du quotidien, sans utilisation de PFAS à chaîne courte, et au service de notre transition énergétique. J’aimerais que chacun reconnaisse cette différence, plutôt que de participer à une démagogie écologique qui mettra nécessairement notre industrie en grande difficulté."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p408",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "408",
    "409"
   ],
   "order": 408,
   "text": "Prenons garde au message que nous adressons aux industriels. Certains ont prévu d’importants investissements, à l’instar de Solvay à Tavaux, en faveur des PVDF, qui, je le rappelle, sont nécessaires à la production de batteries lithium, elles-mêmes indispensables à la production de voitures électriques en Europe. Quant à l’intelligence artificielle qui enchante tout le monde, en témoigne le sommet qui se tenait à Paris, elle conduira à utiliser encore un peu plus de PVDF. Dans sa grande sagesse, le Sénat, heureusement, a laissé une grande latitude au gouvernement pour la rédaction des décrets d’application De plus, alors que Solvay a été présenté par les journaux comme un grand pollueur des sols, je tiens à rassurer, car si les gens ont des PFAS dans les cheveux, une récente étude épidémiologique a montré que, ni Tavaux ni le Jura dans son ensemble, ne présentaient une surmortalité ou un nombre de cancers supérieur à la moyenne.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 153,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p408",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7e72cf6df447",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Prenons garde au message que nous adressons aux industriels. Certains ont prévu d’importants investissements, à l’instar de Solvay à Tavaux, en faveur des PVDF, qui, je le rappelle, sont nécessaires à la production de batteries lithium, elles-mêmes indispensables à la production de voitures électriques en Europe. Quant à l’intelligence artificielle qui enchante tout le monde, en témoigne le sommet qui se tenait à Paris, elle conduira à utiliser encore un peu plus de PVDF. Dans sa grande sagesse, le Sénat, heureusement, a laissé une grande latitude au gouvernement pour la rédaction des décrets d’application De plus, alors que Solvay a été présenté par les journaux comme un grand pollueur des sols, je tiens à rassurer, car si les gens ont des PFAS dans les cheveux, une récente étude épidémiologique a montré que, ni Tavaux ni le Jura dans son ensemble, ne présentaient une surmortalité ou un nombre de cancers supérieur à la moyenne."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA687214",
   "speaker": "Sylvain Berrios",
   "quality": "M. Sylvain Berrios (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p410",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "410",
    "411",
    "412",
    "413",
    "414"
   ],
   "order": 410,
   "text": "Le groupe Horizons & indépendants ne soutiendra pas cet amendement Tout d’abord, le texte ne vise pas l’ensemble de l’industrie et distingue les usages essentiels et non-essentiels. Ensuite, eu égard à cette méthode, des contacts ont été pris avec les industriels concernés pour s’assurer que leur adaptation sera réelle et immédiate et que les substances alternatives ne présentent pas de risques plus importants. Enfin, et c’est au cœur de notre positionnement, personne ici ne peut ignorer les risques sanitaires latents que comportent les PFAS. Le procédé d’osmose inverse a été évoqué, certains industriels le proposant d’ailleurs dans leur réponse à des appels d’offres, mais recourir à une telle pratique pour obtenir une eau pure demanderait des sommes colossales. Au fond, ce texte est assez modeste ; ne croyons pas qu’il révolutionnera l’ordre européen ou mondial. Mais il permet de faire savoir aux Français et à l’Union européenne que nous prenons ce sujet en main, dans le cadre d’un partenariat avec les industriels qui me semble être la bonne méthode. S’il faut bien sûr être attentifs à l’emploi et à l’économie, il faut l’être aussi à la santé de nos concitoyens, ainsi qu’à la santé environnementale, qui est absolument essentielle.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 199,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p410",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N930b1d6eb9c4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] ne soutiendra pas cet amendement Tout d’abord, le texte ne vise pas l’ensemble de l’industrie et distingue les usages essentiels et non-essentiels. Ensuite, eu égard à cette méthode, des contacts ont été pris avec les industriels concernés pour s’assurer que leur adaptation sera réelle et immédiate et que les substances alternatives ne présentent pas de risques plus importants. Enfin, et c’est au cœur de notre positionnement, personne ici ne peut ignorer les risques sanitaires latents que comportent les PFAS. Le procédé d’osmose inverse a été évoqué, certains industriels le proposant d’ailleurs dans leur réponse à des appels d’offres, mais recourir à une telle pratique pour obtenir une eau pure demanderait des sommes colossales. Au fond, ce texte est assez modeste ; ne croyons pas qu’il révolutionnera l’ordre européen ou mondial. Mais il permet de faire savoir aux Français et à l’Union européenne que nous prenons ce sujet en main, dans le cadre d’un partenariat avec les industriels qui me semble être la bonne méthode. S’il faut bien sûr être attentifs à l’emploi et à l’économie, il faut l’être aussi à la santé de nos concitoyens, ainsi qu’à la santé environnementale, qui est absolument essentielle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p415",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "415",
    "416"
   ],
   "order": 415,
   "text": "Soyons raisonnables : il ne s’agit pas de diaboliser toute l’industrie de la chimie, mais simplement d’organiser sa transition et de protéger nos concitoyens. Je ne peux vous laisser dire, collègue Brulebois, que les PFAS allongent la durée de vie des Français quand, à Pierre‑Bénite, au sud de Lyon, dans la vallée de la chimie, les habitants nous expliquent qu’ils ne peuvent plus manger leurs légumes ni leurs œufs, et que leur eau est contaminée – sachant que des études récentes montrent que l’air l’est également. Les cancers, même pédiatriques se multiplient – j’ai récemment rencontré un jeune de quatorze ans souffrant d’un cancer des testicules – et la fertilité est altérée La Ligue contre le cancer et les scientifiques sont unanimes : il faut couper le robinet de la pollution à la source. En tant que législateurs, notre devoir est de nous préoccuper de la santé des Français, motivation qu’aucun lobby ne doit pouvoir affaiblir. C’est dans cet esprit-là que nous voterons ce texte et que nous repousserons cet amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 171,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p415",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N86d70c8572a2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Soyons raisonnables : il ne s’agit pas de diaboliser toute l’industrie de la chimie, mais simplement d’organiser sa transition et de protéger nos concitoyens. Je ne peux vous laisser dire, collègue Brulebois, que les PFAS allongent la durée de vie des Français quand, à Pierre‑Bénite, au sud de Lyon, dans la vallée de la chimie, les habitants nous expliquent qu’ils ne peuvent plus manger leurs légumes ni leurs œufs, et que leur eau est contaminée – sachant que des études récentes montrent que l’air l’est également. Les cancers, même pédiatriques se multiplient – j’ai récemment rencontré un jeune de quatorze ans souffrant d’un cancer des testicules – et la fertilité est altérée La Ligue contre le cancer et les scientifiques sont unanimes : il faut couper le robinet de la pollution à la source. En tant que législateurs, notre devoir est de nous préoccuper de la santé des Français, motivation qu’aucun lobby ne doit pouvoir affaiblir. C’est dans cet esprit-là que nous voterons ce texte et que nous repousserons cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721458",
   "speaker": "Xavier Roseren",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Roseren (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p417",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "417"
   ],
   "order": 417,
   "text": "Ma position sera légèrement différente de celle de mon groupe, car si la lutte contre les PFAS, substances dangereuses pour la santé, est une nécessité, j’estime que la date d’entrée en vigueur des dispositions de cette proposition de loi, fixée à 2026, est inappropriée. Des règlements européens ainsi que des études doivent en effet aboutir en 2027. Reportons donc à 2028 l’interdiction de l’utilisation des PFAS pour assurer la cohérence de notre législation avec les normes européennes. Ainsi, s’il est préférable de ne pas supprimer cet article, je serai favorable à l’amendement suivant de Mme Brulebois",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 96,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p417",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nc35e524749eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ma position sera légèrement différente de celle de mon groupe, car si la lutte contre les PFAS, substances dangereuses pour la santé, est une nécessité, j’estime que la date d’entrée en vigueur des dispositions de cette proposition de loi, fixée à 2026, est inappropriée. Des règlements européens ainsi que des études doivent en effet aboutir en 2027. Reportons donc à 2028 l’interdiction de l’utilisation des PFAS pour assurer la cohérence de notre législation avec les normes européennes. Ainsi, s’il est préférable de ne pas supprimer cet article, je serai favorable à l’amendement suivant de Mme Brulebois"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p418",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "418",
    "419",
    "420",
    "421"
   ],
   "order": 418,
   "text": "Je retire mon amendement. Mon but est de rationaliser une proposition de loi dont l’exposé des motifs agite des peurs et fait du populisme Il ne faut pas tout jeter. Je rappelle à nouveau les bénéfices des PFAS pour la santé et pour l’allongement de la vie. Les personnes qui ont des stents ou des prothèses de hanche en savent quelque chose. Je fais confiance au gouvernement pour que les décrets d’application prennent bien en compte les domaines dans lesquelles les PFAS sont nécessaires : la santé, les batteries au lithium et le numérique avec le polyfluorure de vynilidène (PVDF), et les textiles puisque ces molécules servent à traiter les sièges antifeu des avions. Ils devront faire la distinction entre les PFAS nocifs pour la santé et ceux qui ne le sont pas. L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression CD10 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 136,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p418",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd219d28dcd21",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je retire mon amendement. Mon but est de rationaliser une proposition de loi dont l’exposé des motifs agite des peurs et fait du populisme Il ne faut pas tout jeter. Je rappelle à nouveau les bénéfices des PFAS pour la santé et pour l’allongement de la vie. Les personnes qui ont des stents ou des prothèses de hanche en savent quelque chose. Je fais confiance au gouvernement pour que les décrets d’application prennent bien en compte les domaines dans lesquelles les PFAS sont nécessaires : la santé, les batteries au lithium et le numérique avec le polyfluorure de vynilidène (PVDF), et les textiles puisque ces molécules servent à traiter les sièges antifeu des avions. Ils devront faire la distinction entre les PFAS nocifs pour la santé et ceux qui ne le sont pas. L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "423",
    "424"
   ],
   "order": 423,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à coordonner l’interdiction française avec la potentielle interdiction européenne L’introduction de restrictions nationales ciblées avant celles qui seront adoptées au niveau européen présente un risque important de non-conformité de la loi française aux règles européennes, de fragmentation du marché intérieur européen et de non-conformité des produits mis sur le marché national. Le contrôle de la présence de PFAS dans les nombreux produits importés sur le territoire national sera extrêmement difficile pour les autorités de surveillance du marché. Dans ces conditions, le délai de 2026 me paraît irréaliste.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p423",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N4743319ccdaf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à coordonner l’interdiction française avec la potentielle interdiction européenne L’introduction de restrictions nationales ciblées avant celles qui seront adoptées au niveau européen présente un risque important de non-conformité de la loi française aux règles européennes, de fragmentation du marché intérieur européen et de non-conformité des produits mis sur le marché national. Le contrôle de la présence de PFAS dans les nombreux produits importés sur le territoire national sera extrêmement difficile pour les autorités de surveillance du marché. Dans ces conditions, le délai de 2026 me paraît irréaliste."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p425",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "425",
    "426",
    "427",
    "428",
    "429"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "Le PVDF, utilisé notamment dans les batteries, n’entre pas dans le champ de la proposition de loi. Il en va de même pour la santé. Ces usages sont en effet considérés comme essentiels Par ailleurs, le niveau de dangerosité des PFAS à chaîne longue n’est pas moins élevé. Je rappelle que l’acide perfluorooctanesulfonique (PFOS), premier PFAS à avoir été classé comme produit cancérigène en 2009, est précisément à chaîne longue. En outre, tous les PFAS ont comme point commun d’être persistants, ce qui suffit à la communauté scientifique pour les considérer tous comme étant très préoccupants. La différence entre les PFAS à chaîne longue et ceux à chaîne courte peut être faite sur des critères de mobilité, mais pas de dangerosité. Les PFAS constituent aujourd’hui une menace sanitaire comparable à celle représentée par l’amiante ou le chlordécone. Ces scandales nous ont instruits sur les dangers de l’immobilisme. Prenons donc garde à ne pas répéter les erreurs du passé. Il faut agir au plus vite, surtout quand les substitutions sont possibles. L’Union des industries textiles est d’ailleurs favorable à une interdiction des PFAS dans les produits textiles, notamment pour l’habillement. à l’instar de la filière cosmétique et de celle des produits de fart pour les skis. Que nous faut-il de plus pour agir alors que l’attente citoyenne est grande ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 219,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p425",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N319cb4d7c72a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le PVDF, utilisé notamment dans les batteries, n’entre pas dans le champ de la proposition de loi. Il en va de même pour la santé. Ces usages sont en effet considérés comme essentiels Par ailleurs, le niveau de dangerosité des PFAS à chaîne longue n’est pas moins élevé. Je rappelle que l’acide perfluorooctanesulfonique (PFOS), premier PFAS à avoir été classé comme produit cancérigène en 2009, est précisément à chaîne longue. En outre, tous les PFAS ont comme point commun d’être persistants, ce qui suffit à la communauté scientifique pour les considérer tous comme étant très préoccupants. La différence entre les PFAS à chaîne longue et ceux à chaîne courte peut être faite sur des critères de mobilité, mais pas de dangerosité. Les PFAS constituent aujourd’hui une menace sanitaire comparable à celle représentée par l’amiante ou le chlordécone. Ces scandales nous ont instruits sur les dangers de l’immobilisme. Prenons donc garde à ne pas répéter les erreurs du passé. Il faut agir au plus vite, surtout quand les substitutions sont possibles. L’Union des industries textiles est d’ailleurs favorable à une interdiction des PFAS dans les produits textiles, notamment pour l’habillement. à l’instar de la filière cosmétique et de celle des produits de fart pour les skis. Que nous faut-il de plus pour agir alors que l’attente citoyenne est grande ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p430",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "430",
    "431",
    "432"
   ],
   "order": 430,
   "text": "Nous soutenons cet amendement de bon sens. L’effroi n’est jamais bon conseiller et l’effroi écolo l’est encore moins. Aucun principe ne nous oblige à voter ce texte conforme. Nous pourrons avoir un débat en séance L’application en 2026 nous semble irréaliste et la plupart des industriels que nous avons reçus partagent cet avis. Ils ont peur que le législateur ponde encore quelque chose pour les gonfler. Je regrette de voir la conversion des Républicains – dont la position a surpris de nombreux industriels – et du centre à l’effroi écologiste",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p430",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N29c23905a06e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous soutenons cet amendement de bon sens. L’effroi n’est jamais bon conseiller et l’effroi écolo l’est encore moins. Aucun principe ne nous oblige à voter ce texte conforme. Nous pourrons avoir un débat en séance L’application en 2026 nous semble irréaliste et la plupart des industriels que nous avons reçus partagent cet avis. Ils ont peur que le législateur ponde encore quelque chose pour les gonfler. Je regrette de voir la conversion des Républicains – dont la position a surpris de nombreux industriels – et du centre à l’effroi [GROUPE]"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842029",
   "speaker": "Claire Lejeune",
   "quality": "Mme Claire Lejeune (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p433",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "433",
    "434"
   ],
   "order": 433,
   "text": "Je m’étonne de la légèreté avec laquelle certains collègues traitent un sujet majeur de santé publique, qui concerne tous nos concitoyens. Les victimes de cancer seront ravies d’entendre M. Meurin parler d’une égratignure au doigt. Je m’étonne aussi d’entendre le RN se mettre à défendre les droits humains en Chine. Peut-être détestent-ils plus l’écologie que les étrangers Madame Brulebois, pourquoi reporter l’application de ces mesures si nous avons toutes les raisons, notamment scientifiques, de voter ce texte de façon conforme ?",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p433",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N891a73d0b5dc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’étonne de la légèreté avec laquelle certains collègues traitent un sujet majeur de santé publique, qui concerne tous nos concitoyens. Les victimes de cancer seront ravies d’entendre M. Meurin parler d’une égratignure au doigt. Je m’étonne aussi d’entendre le [GROUPE] se mettre à défendre les droits humains en Chine. Peut-être détestent-ils plus l’écologie que les étrangers Madame Brulebois, pourquoi reporter l’application de ces mesures si nous avons toutes les raisons, notamment scientifiques, de voter ce texte de façon conforme ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "435",
    "436"
   ],
   "order": 435,
   "text": "Il s’agit ici de l’interdiction des PFAS pour un usage futile – textiles, cosmétique, fart – que les industriels ont anticipé. La reporter ne servirait donc à rien Toutefois, il ne suffit pas d’interdire, il faut également contrôler le respect de l’interdiction et notamment veiller à ce que des produits importés ne contiennent pas de PFAS. Il faut également se mettre d’accord sur les usages qui sont futiles et ceux qui sont essentiels, car les PFAS sont nécessaires pour la transition énergétique, puisqu’ils sont notamment utilisés dans les batteries, les éoliennes et les hydrolyseurs.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p435",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N169682a7f749",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit ici de l’interdiction des PFAS pour un usage futile – textiles, cosmétique, fart – que les industriels ont anticipé. La reporter ne servirait donc à rien Toutefois, il ne suffit pas d’interdire, il faut également contrôler le respect de l’interdiction et notamment veiller à ce que des produits importés ne contiennent pas de PFAS. Il faut également se mettre d’accord sur les usages qui sont futiles et ceux qui sont essentiels, car les PFAS sont nécessaires pour la transition énergétique, puisqu’ils sont notamment utilisés dans les batteries, les éoliennes et les hydrolyseurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794830",
   "speaker": "Hubert Ott",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Ott (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p437",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "437",
    "438"
   ],
   "order": 437,
   "text": "Nous sommes face à un devoir moral. Nous savons en effet que les PFAS présentent une dangerosité inédite et qu’ils sont indestructibles. Reporter leur interdiction serait se rendre coupable de laisser une menace pour la santé publique se développer L’extrême droite lance des accusations contre nos collègues écolos et socialos, mais, ce faisant, elle leur rend grâce d’une chose : ils seraient les seuls à se préoccuper de la santé des Français, alors que nous sommes tous là pour cela. Nous vous invitons d’ailleurs à nous rejoindre. Prenez garde : vos positions indéfendables pourraient vous exposer aux accusations de nos concitoyens de mépriser leur santé.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p437",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N63675cd05393",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes face à un devoir moral. Nous savons en effet que les PFAS présentent une dangerosité inédite et qu’ils sont indestructibles. Reporter leur interdiction serait se rendre coupable de laisser une menace pour la santé publique se développer L’extrême droite lance des accusations contre nos collègues écolos et socialos, mais, ce faisant, elle leur rend grâce d’une chose : ils seraient les seuls à se préoccuper de la santé des Français, alors que nous sommes tous là pour cela. Nous vous invitons d’ailleurs à nous rejoindre. Prenez garde : vos positions indéfendables pourraient vous exposer aux accusations de nos concitoyens de mépriser leur santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p439",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "439",
    "440"
   ],
   "order": 439,
   "text": "Comment peut-on imaginer supprimer l’article 1er ou reporter la date d’interdiction ? J’ai le sentiment qu’il y a une méconnaissance du texte de cette proposition de loi, qui fait consensus sur tous les points et qui n’oppose pas l’écologie à l’économie. Assimiler l’interdiction des PFAS à une opposition au développement économique me semble très binaire. Si l’on ne contraint pas les entreprises, elles n’avanceront pas dans leur recherche et développement. Cette interdiction favorisera par ailleurs les entreprises honnêtes qui, déjà, n’utilisent pas de PFAS La gauche n’a effectivement pas le monopole de l’écologie. Nous sommes des partis de droite et nous soutenons cette proposition de loi afin de préserver la santé de l’homme, mais aussi celle des animaux et de l’environnement. Il n’y a qu’une seule santé, One Health.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 129,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p439",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nb09d75097d25",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comment peut-on imaginer supprimer l’article 1er ou reporter la date d’interdiction ? J’ai le sentiment qu’il y a une méconnaissance du texte de cette proposition de loi, qui fait consensus sur tous les points et qui n’oppose pas l’écologie à l’économie. Assimiler l’interdiction des PFAS à une opposition au développement économique me semble très binaire. Si l’on ne contraint pas les entreprises, elles n’avanceront pas dans leur recherche et développement. Cette interdiction favorisera par ailleurs les entreprises honnêtes qui, déjà, n’utilisent pas de PFAS La gauche n’a effectivement pas le monopole de l’écologie. Nous sommes des partis de droite et nous soutenons cette proposition de loi afin de préserver la santé de l’homme, mais aussi celle des animaux et de l’environnement. Il n’y a qu’une seule santé, One Health."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794178",
   "speaker": "Jean-Pierre Taite",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Pierre Taite (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p441",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "441",
    "442"
   ],
   "order": 441,
   "text": "Monsieur Meurin, je respecte toutes les convictions politiques, même celles que je ne partage pas. Il revient aux Français de choisir. J’ajoute que personne ne peut me convertir, car j’ai des convictions. Je suis favorable à ce texte et je souhaite que nous le votions conforme, car notre seul objectif, qui devrait être un objectif unanimement partagé, est la préservation de la santé de nos concitoyens L’hémicycle donne parfois une image lamentable du travail parlementaire. Le travail en commission doit être l’occasion de faire les choses différemment, dans le respect des convictions que nous ne partageons pas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p441",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Na2072463fa74",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Meurin, je respecte toutes les convictions politiques, même celles que je ne partage pas. Il revient aux Français de choisir. J’ajoute que personne ne peut me convertir, car j’ai des convictions. Je suis favorable à ce texte et je souhaite que nous le votions conforme, car notre seul objectif, qui devrait être un objectif unanimement partagé, est la préservation de la santé de nos concitoyens L’hémicycle donne parfois une image lamentable du travail parlementaire. Le travail en commission doit être l’occasion de faire les choses différemment, dans le respect des convictions que nous ne partageons pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p443",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "443"
   ],
   "order": 443,
   "text": "Je suis inquiet : si on interdit le revêtement des ustensiles de cuisine, par quoi le remplacer ? Les poêles en fer sont cancérigènes et les poêles en inox sont très chères",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p443",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N1b9b8438234e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis inquiet : si on interdit le revêtement des ustensiles de cuisine, par quoi le remplacer ? Les poêles en fer sont cancérigènes et les poêles en inox sont très chères"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841451",
   "speaker": "Julien Guibert",
   "quality": "M. Julien Guibert (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p444",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "444"
   ],
   "order": 444,
   "text": "Je veux dénoncer l’hypocrisie de certains de nos collègues. Deux industriels de ma circonscription m’ont dit, les yeux dans les yeux, qu’en cas d’interdiction, ils ne changeraient pas leurs méthodes de fabrication et délocaliseraient en deux ou trois ans leur production en Asie, où l’utilisation de PFAS moins vertueux est autorisée. Nous n’avons bien sûr aucun mépris pour la santé, mais nous craignons la fermeture de nos usines et la casse sociale qu’elle pourrait entraîner. Nul doute que vous viendrez alors, le poing en l’air, soutenir les salariés, alors que ce sont les textes que vous votez ici qui génèrent du chômage dans nos circonscriptions rurales. Je soutiens tous les salariés de Solvay à Clamecy, qui risquent demain de se retrouver sans travail. Bien sûr, il faut que la recherche et développement progresse. Mais on ne peut pas voter au pied levé des dispositions aussi importantes",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p444",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N6403d30137bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux dénoncer l’hypocrisie de certains de nos collègues. Deux industriels de ma circonscription m’ont dit, les yeux dans les yeux, qu’en cas d’interdiction, ils ne changeraient pas leurs méthodes de fabrication et délocaliseraient en deux ou trois ans leur production en Asie, où l’utilisation de PFAS moins vertueux est autorisée. Nous n’avons bien sûr aucun mépris pour la santé, mais nous craignons la fermeture de nos usines et la casse sociale qu’elle pourrait entraîner. Nul doute que vous viendrez alors, le poing en l’air, soutenir les salariés, alors que ce sont les textes que vous votez ici qui génèrent du chômage dans nos circonscriptions rurales. Je soutiens tous les salariés de Solvay à Clamecy, qui risquent demain de se retrouver sans travail. Bien sûr, il faut que la recherche et développement progresse. Mais on ne peut pas voter au pied levé des dispositions aussi importantes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719890",
   "speaker": "Danielle Brulebois",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Brulebois (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p445",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "445",
    "446",
    "447",
    "448"
   ],
   "order": 445,
   "text": "Madame Violland, je m’abstiens quant à moi de juger les amendements de mes collègues ou leur capacité à comprendre un texte. Je peux vous assurer que je lis les textes et que je connais bien le contexte industriel et sanitaire Mon amendement est motivé par le souhait de laisser du temps aux industriels. Eux aussi ont des valeurs et n’ont aucune volonté d’empoisonner les gens. Au contraire, ils veulent trouver des produits de substitution, mais la recherche et le développement de nouvelles solutions ne se fait pas en un claquement de doigts. Il est également motivé par la question du contrôle, dans un cadre hors de la réglementation européenne. Avez-vous pensé au système de contrôle des produits importés d’autres pays européens ? Je souhaitais que nous ayons ce débat. Il a eu lieu et je retire donc mon amendement.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 139,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p445",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7fc55b59d7a7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Violland, je m’abstiens quant à moi de juger les amendements de mes collègues ou leur capacité à comprendre un texte. Je peux vous assurer que je lis les textes et que je connais bien le contexte industriel et sanitaire Mon amendement est motivé par le souhait de laisser du temps aux industriels. Eux aussi ont des valeurs et n’ont aucune volonté d’empoisonner les gens. Au contraire, ils veulent trouver des produits de substitution, mais la recherche et le développement de nouvelles solutions ne se fait pas en un claquement de doigts. Il est également motivé par la question du contrôle, dans un cadre hors de la réglementation européenne. Avez-vous pensé au système de contrôle des produits importés d’autres pays européens ? Je souhaitais que nous ayons ce débat. Il a eu lieu et je retire donc mon amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794830",
   "speaker": "Hubert Ott",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Ott (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p452",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "452",
    "453"
   ],
   "order": 452,
   "text": "Les industriels sont conscients de leur obligation de procéder à une transition face à la dangerosité avérée des PFAS S’agissant des risques de délocalisation et de l’importation de produits contenant des PFAS, nous devons expliquer à nos concitoyens sur quels produits ils doivent orienter leur consommation pour éviter de se mettre en danger. Il faut modifier le marché.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p452",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N0f17b3bc9ec8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les industriels sont conscients de leur obligation de procéder à une transition face à la dangerosité avérée des PFAS S’agissant des risques de délocalisation et de l’importation de produits contenant des PFAS, nous devons expliquer à nos concitoyens sur quels produits ils doivent orienter leur consommation pour éviter de se mettre en danger. Il faut modifier le marché."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793664",
   "speaker": "Marie Pochon",
   "quality": "Mme Marie Pochon (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p454",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "454",
    "455"
   ],
   "order": 454,
   "text": "Comme tous les groupes, nous ne disposons que d’une seule journée pour débattre de nos propositions de loi. Je ne comprends pas pourquoi plusieurs orateurs de chaque groupe s’expriment sur chaque amendement alors que, d’habitude, une seule prise de parole suffit. Aujourd’hui, les débats durent et, parfois, s’enveniment alors que nous les avons déjà eus l’an dernier dans l’hémicycle et en commission J’aimerais donc que nous en revenions à la procédure habituelle, où un seul avis est exprimé par groupe.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p454",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nc0471e77ef06",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Comme tous les groupes, nous ne disposons que d’une seule journée pour débattre de nos propositions de loi. Je ne comprends pas pourquoi plusieurs orateurs de chaque groupe s’expriment sur chaque amendement alors que, d’habitude, une seule prise de parole suffit. Aujourd’hui, les débats durent et, parfois, s’enveniment alors que nous les avons déjà eus l’an dernier dans l’hémicycle et en commission J’aimerais donc que nous en revenions à la procédure habituelle, où un seul avis est exprimé par groupe."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722336",
   "speaker": "Vincent Thiébaut",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Thiébaut (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "458",
    "459"
   ],
   "order": 458,
   "text": "Notre groupe votera contre cet amendement. Je remercie le rapporteur de nous avoir rassurés sur le travail effectué. Les filières visées sont prêtes, mais nous sommes tous soumis à des injonctions contradictoires, car il nous faut préserver l’emploi et l’économie sur nos territoires et, en même temps, permettre l’avenir en luttant contre les pollutions Je rappelle à cet égard que l’interdiction du dioxyde de titane par la loi Egalim avait suscité une avalanche de réactions de la part des industriels, mais que ceux-ci, en moins de deux ans, ont su trouver une solution et supprimer cette substance. Nous devons donc envoyer des signaux à l’industrie afin qu’elle puisse engager investissements et recherche pour trouver des solutions qui satisferont tout le monde et répondront aux enjeux environnementaux et sanitaires.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 128,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p458",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N6116c7594a9e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Notre groupe votera contre cet amendement. Je remercie le rapporteur de nous avoir rassurés sur le travail effectué. Les filières visées sont prêtes, mais nous sommes tous soumis à des injonctions contradictoires, car il nous faut préserver l’emploi et l’économie sur nos territoires et, en même temps, permettre l’avenir en luttant contre les pollutions Je rappelle à cet égard que l’interdiction du dioxyde de titane par la loi Egalim avait suscité une avalanche de réactions de la part des industriels, mais que ceux-ci, en moins de deux ans, ont su trouver une solution et supprimer cette substance. Nous devons donc envoyer des signaux à l’industrie afin qu’elle puisse engager investissements et recherche pour trouver des solutions qui satisferont tout le monde et répondront aux enjeux environnementaux et sanitaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "460"
   ],
   "order": 460,
   "text": "Mme Pochon est un peu gonflée de se plaindre du traitement de sa niche, alors que la gauche a l’habitude de pourrir celles des autres groupes, comme elle l’a encore fait jeudi dernier",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p460",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N2e596a599864",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Mme Pochon est un peu gonflée de se plaindre du traitement de sa niche, alors que la gauche a l’habitude de pourrir celles des autres groupes, comme elle l’a encore fait jeudi dernier"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p462",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "462",
    "463"
   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "Je le défends, Madame la présidente. Il est toujours très confortable moralement d’appartenir au camp du bien, mais c’est parfois aussi de la paresse intellectuelle. Vous parlez de devoir moral et nous accusez de mépriser la santé des Français, mais ce n’est absolument pas le cas. Simplement nous dénonçons aussi l’hypocrisie des importations, comme l’a fait tout à l’heure mon collègue Julien Guibert Une phrase de Mme Violland m’a fait bondir : « Si on ne contraint pas les entreprises, elles n’avanceront pas dans leur recherche et développement. » Je ne savais pas qu’à droite, on ne croyait pas à l’entreprise ! Cet amendement est nécessaire pour donner une respiration à nos entreprises et à nos industriels.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD11 de Mme Danielle Brulebois",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p462",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N2bfe3504774a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je le défends, Madame la présidente. Il est toujours très confortable moralement d’appartenir au camp du bien, mais c’est parfois aussi de la paresse intellectuelle. Vous parlez de devoir moral et nous accusez de mépriser la santé des Français, mais ce n’est absolument pas le cas. Simplement nous dénonçons aussi l’hypocrisie des importations, comme l’a fait tout à l’heure mon collègue [PERSONNE] Une phrase de Mme Violland m’a fait bondir : « Si on ne contraint pas les entreprises, elles n’avanceront pas dans leur recherche et développement. » Je ne savais pas qu’[GROUPE], on ne croyait pas à l’entreprise ! Cet amendement est nécessaire pour donner une respiration à nos entreprises et à nos industriels."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p467",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "467"
   ],
   "order": 467,
   "text": "L’article 1er prévoit un renvoi à un décret. Il reviendra alors au ministre compétent d’établir par décret une liste de produits textiles d’habillement et de chaussures qui, parce qu’ils servent à la protection et à la sécurité des personnes, notamment dans des missions de sécurité civile ou de défense nationale, pourront continuer à contenir des PFAS. Le décret sera éventuellement soumis à consultation du public et les entreprises pourront faire valoir leur avis et apporter des informations, mais il n’est pas de coutume de prévoir de concertation dans la loi. C’est au pouvoir réglementaire de déterminer les exceptions par décret en réunissant les informations nécessaires. Avis défavorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD2 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 107,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p467",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nf917b8c3812e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 1er prévoit un renvoi à un décret. Il reviendra alors au ministre compétent d’établir par décret une liste de produits textiles d’habillement et de chaussures qui, parce qu’ils servent à la protection et à la sécurité des personnes, notamment dans des missions de sécurité civile ou de défense nationale, pourront continuer à contenir des PFAS. Le décret sera éventuellement soumis à consultation du public et les entreprises pourront faire valoir leur avis et apporter des informations, mais il n’est pas de coutume de prévoir de concertation dans la loi. C’est au pouvoir réglementaire de déterminer les exceptions par décret en réunissant les informations nécessaires. Avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p470",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "470"
   ],
   "order": 470,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement de précision, qui vise à nous assurer que, pour ce qui concerne les textiles, le dispositif ne s’applique qu’aux produits d’habillement et de chaussures",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD3 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 28,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p470",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd762a30f83eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’un amendement de précision, qui vise à nous assurer que, pour ce qui concerne les textiles, le dispositif ne s’applique qu’aux produits d’habillement et de chaussures"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793744",
   "speaker": "Anne Stambach-Terrenoir",
   "quality": "Mme Anne Stambach-Terrenoir (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p475",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "475"
   ],
   "order": 475,
   "text": "Le Rassemblement national veut empêcher l’établissement d’une carte qui recense les sites émetteurs de PFAS ou, si cette carte est dressée, empêcher qu’elle soit rendue publique. Alors qu’il est question d’une pollution massive, porteuse de risques avérés pour la santé, vous dites qu’il vaut mieux que les gens ne sachent pas – vous écrivez même : « pourquoi rendre publique cette carte ? », ajoutant qu’« aujourd’hui, les entreprises ont conscience de la dangerosité de certains produits et font tout pour empêcher la contamination ». Toujours est-il que nous avons appris, par exemple, à la fin de l’année dernière que l’usine Daikin lançait la production d’un nouveau produit comportant des polymères fluorés. Cela suscite un doute et il y a intérêt à légiférer pour réglementer ces questions. Vous êtes les tenants de l’obscurantisme et votre haine irraisonnée de l’écologie vous conduit à nier un enjeu majeur de la santé humaine",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD6 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 150,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p475",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd488cf71b800",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le [GROUPE] veut empêcher l’établissement d’une carte qui recense les sites émetteurs de PFAS ou, si cette carte est dressée, empêcher qu’elle soit rendue publique. Alors qu’il est question d’une pollution massive, porteuse de risques avérés pour la santé, vous dites qu’il vaut mieux que les gens ne sachent pas – vous écrivez même : « pourquoi rendre publique cette carte ? », ajoutant qu’« aujourd’hui, les entreprises ont conscience de la dangerosité de certains produits et font tout pour empêcher la contamination ». Toujours est-il que nous avons appris, par exemple, à la fin de l’année dernière que l’usine Daikin lançait la production d’un nouveau produit comportant des polymères fluorés. Cela suscite un doute et il y a intérêt à légiférer pour réglementer ces questions. Vous êtes les tenants de l’obscurantisme et votre haine irraisonnée de l’écologie vous conduit à nier un enjeu majeur de la santé humaine"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793852",
   "speaker": "Pierre Meurin",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Meurin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "476",
    "477"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "Tenants de l’obscurantisme ? Il n’est pas sérieux d’employer ce langage religieux dans un débat technique sur les PFAS ! Toujours est-il que nous pouvons aller vite : inutile, donc, de chouiner en déplorant le traitement de votre niche parlementaire Quant à la carte, elle n’aura pas seulement pour effet d’imposer des contraintes à nos entreprises, mais aussi de les stigmatiser. Il faut cesser de légiférer dans l’urgence sous le coup de l’effroi public, qui n’est jamais bon conseiller en la matière. Il faut nous donner du temps et laisser aux entreprises celui de s’adapter, sans les stigmatiser, mais en les accompagnant. Il faut aussi leur faire confiance, car la recherche et développement fonctionne. Il faut croire en nos entreprises, même s’il est de notoriété publique qu’à gauche – et notamment les Écolos –, vous êtes depuis toujours les ennemis de l’entreprise.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD6 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 142,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p476",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nb3cfd3d533c6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Tenants de l’obscurantisme ? Il n’est pas sérieux d’employer ce langage religieux dans un débat technique sur les PFAS ! Toujours est-il que nous pouvons aller vite : inutile, donc, de chouiner en déplorant le traitement de votre niche parlementaire Quant à la carte, elle n’aura pas seulement pour effet d’imposer des contraintes à nos entreprises, mais aussi de les stigmatiser. Il faut cesser de légiférer dans l’urgence sous le coup de l’effroi public, qui n’est jamais bon conseiller en la matière. Il faut nous donner du temps et laisser aux entreprises celui de s’adapter, sans les stigmatiser, mais en les accompagnant. Il faut aussi leur faire confiance, car la recherche et développement fonctionne. Il faut croire en nos entreprises, même s’il est de notoriété publique qu’à gauche – et notamment les Écolos –, vous êtes depuis toujours les ennemis de l’entreprise."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p478",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "478"
   ],
   "order": 478,
   "text": "Pendant un an, j’ai fait un tour de France pour étudier la question des PFAS, participant à des débats publics en milieu tant rural qu’urbain ou périurbain, qui réunissaient des personnes de tous horizons et de 7 à 77 ans. Sur les milliers de personnes que j’ai ainsi eu la chance de rencontrer, aucune ne m’a dit que la transparence des données était un problème pour son territoire. Bien au contraire, toutes ressentaient de l’inquiétude face au manque d’information. La transparence bénéficie à tous, aux citoyens comme aux entreprises. Elle est ce qui crée la confiance et permet d’avancer",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD6 de M. Pierre Meurin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p478",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf4082641efc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pendant un an, j’ai fait un tour de France pour étudier la question des PFAS, participant à des débats publics en milieu tant rural qu’urbain ou périurbain, qui réunissaient des personnes de tous horizons et de 7 à 77 ans. Sur les milliers de personnes que j’ai ainsi eu la chance de rencontrer, aucune ne m’a dit que la transparence des données était un problème pour son territoire. Bien au contraire, toutes ressentaient de l’inquiétude face au manque d’information. La transparence bénéficie à tous, aux citoyens comme aux entreprises. Elle est ce qui crée la confiance et permet d’avancer"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p481",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "481"
   ],
   "order": 481,
   "text": "Les principes juridiques ne s’accommodent pas d’une interdiction totale lorsque l’exception est possible. Or le texte ne distingue pas les produits suspectés d’être dangereux de ceux qui sont inoffensifs. Le rôle du législateur est donc d’éviter que cette question soit renvoyée à la Cour de cassation, qui fera de jurisprudence après de longs procès et, fatalement, dans l’intervalle, de la casse industrielle. L’amendement vise donc à établir une liste distinguant trois catégories de produits, selon qu’ils sont inoffensifs, suspects de ne pas l’être ou qu’ils ne le sont pas",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD12 de M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 89,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p481",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nefe0179098c0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les principes juridiques ne s’accommodent pas d’une interdiction totale lorsque l’exception est possible. Or le texte ne distingue pas les produits suspectés d’être dangereux de ceux qui sont inoffensifs. Le rôle du législateur est donc d’éviter que cette question soit renvoyée à la Cour de cassation, qui fera de jurisprudence après de longs procès et, fatalement, dans l’intervalle, de la casse industrielle. L’amendement vise donc à établir une liste distinguant trois catégories de produits, selon qu’ils sont inoffensifs, suspects de ne pas l’être ou qu’ils ne le sont pas"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p482",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "482"
   ],
   "order": 482,
   "text": "Il est difficile d’affirmer que certains PFAS ne présentent aucun danger pour la santé humaine. Dans tous les cas, tous les PFAS sont considérés comme persistants dans l’environnement et bioaccumulables, et un grand nombre d’entre eux se dégradent en d’autres substances à chaîne de carbone plus courte possédant les mêmes caractéristiques. Il serait dangereux de laisser penser, même à titre d’information, que certains PFAS sont inoffensifs. Je le répète, leur dénominateur commun à tous est leur persistance. Pour la communauté scientifique cette caractéristique suffit à les considérer comme très problématiques pour la santé et les écosystèmes naturels. Avis défavorable",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD12 de M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p482",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nd858e2dd41ef",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est difficile d’affirmer que certains PFAS ne présentent aucun danger pour la santé humaine. Dans tous les cas, tous les PFAS sont considérés comme persistants dans l’environnement et bioaccumulables, et un grand nombre d’entre eux se dégradent en d’autres substances à chaîne de carbone plus courte possédant les mêmes caractéristiques. Il serait dangereux de laisser penser, même à titre d’information, que certains PFAS sont inoffensifs. Je le répète, leur dénominateur commun à tous est leur persistance. Pour la communauté scientifique cette caractéristique suffit à les considérer comme très problématiques pour la santé et les écosystèmes naturels. Avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "483",
    "484"
   ],
   "order": 483,
   "text": "Je comprends l’esprit de cet amendement, mais il serait difficile à appliquer. Je rappelle en effet que le parti qu’ont pris les États-Unis d’examiner chaque PFAS pour savoir s’il est ou non néfaste pour la santé est une tâche pratiquement impossible, compte tenu du nombre de ces substances. L’Europe a d’ailleurs opté pour une autre stratégie, prenant en compte l’ensemble de la famille L’important est que, comme le prévoit le plan interministériel de Christophe Béchu, l’Anses indique les valeurs toxicologiques de référence (VTR) de chaque PFAS. C’est en cours et l’Anses devrait communiquer ses premiers résultats au mois d’avril. Dans l’attente de ces valeurs, nous nous inspirons de chiffres réglementaires, comme celui de 100 nanogrammes par litre qui est prescrit pour la consommation humaine ou comme la valeur toxicologique allemande retenue pour l’acide trifluoroacétique (TFA), mais il faut que la France et l’ensemble des agences européennes puissent définir les valeurs toxicologiques de référence, à partir de quoi nous pourrons définir quels sont les PFAS qui sont véritablement dangereux, sachant par ailleurs qu’il est de toute façon difficile de dire qu’un PFAS ne l’est pas.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD12 de M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 184,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p483",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N6da4ef7cb43a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends l’esprit de cet amendement, mais il serait difficile à appliquer. Je rappelle en effet que le parti qu’ont pris les États-Unis d’examiner chaque PFAS pour savoir s’il est ou non néfaste pour la santé est une tâche pratiquement impossible, compte tenu du nombre de ces substances. L’Europe a d’ailleurs opté pour une autre stratégie, prenant en compte l’ensemble de la famille L’important est que, comme le prévoit le plan interministériel de [PERSONNE], l’Anses indique les valeurs toxicologiques de référence (VTR) de chaque PFAS. C’est en cours et l’Anses devrait communiquer ses premiers résultats au mois d’avril. Dans l’attente de ces valeurs, nous nous inspirons de chiffres réglementaires, comme celui de 100 nanogrammes par litre qui est prescrit pour la consommation humaine ou comme la valeur toxicologique allemande retenue pour l’acide trifluoroacétique (TFA), mais il faut que la France et l’ensemble des agences européennes puissent définir les valeurs toxicologiques de référence, à partir de quoi nous pourrons définir quels sont les PFAS qui sont véritablement dangereux, sachant par ailleurs qu’il est de toute façon difficile de dire qu’un PFAS ne l’est pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841575",
   "speaker": "Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p485",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "485"
   ],
   "order": 485,
   "text": "En la matière, il faut être très prudents et séquencer les questions, sous peine de vrais problèmes. C’est la raison pour laquelle il fallait retarder l’application du texte jusqu’à ce que la recherche et développement puisse éclairer le législateur, y compris pour ce qui concerne la toxicité. Aujourd’hui, en effet, nous pêchons au chalut. Je rappelle en outre que l’adoption de ce texte sur les PFAS imposera un coup d’arrêt immédiat au programme des éoliennes",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD12 de M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p485",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N7ea80ee1ada6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "En la matière, il faut être très prudents et séquencer les questions, sous peine de vrais problèmes. C’est la raison pour laquelle il fallait retarder l’application du texte jusqu’à ce que la recherche et développement puisse éclairer le législateur, y compris pour ce qui concerne la toxicité. Aujourd’hui, en effet, nous pêchons au chalut. Je rappelle en outre que l’adoption de ce texte sur les PFAS imposera un coup d’arrêt immédiat au programme des éoliennes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p486",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "486"
   ],
   "order": 486,
   "text": "On sait que ces produits sont mauvais, mais la question est de savoir à quelle dose ils le sont. Nous attendons donc d’en connaître la valeur toxicologique de référence que nous communiquera l’Anses à partir du mois d’avril",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD12 de M. Frédéric-Pierre Vos",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées",
   "article_id": "p382",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p486",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N821524525189",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "On sait que ces produits sont mauvais, mais la question est de savoir à quelle dose ils le sont. Nous attendons donc d’en connaître la valeur toxicologique de référence que nous communiquera l’Anses à partir du mois d’avril"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720668",
   "speaker": "Emmanuel Blairy",
   "quality": "M. Emmanuel Blairy (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p496",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "496"
   ],
   "order": 496,
   "text": "Comment le montant de la redevance de 100 euros par 100 grammes a-t-il été fixé ? J’ai l’impression que c’est au pifomètre ! Je rappelle par ailleurs qu’en l’état du droit, les entreprises financent déjà la dépollution",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD1 de M. Emmanuel Blairy",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p494",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p496",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N24959d5a9900",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Comment le montant de la redevance de 100 euros par 100 grammes a-t-il été fixé ? J’ai l’impression que c’est au pifomètre ! Je rappelle par ailleurs qu’en l’état du droit, les entreprises financent déjà la dépollution"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "497"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "La proposition de loi prévoit en effet une nouvelle redevance, fondée sur le principe pollueur-payeur. Cette redevance, même modeste, permettra d’aider les collectivités locales à faire face au mur d’investissement qu’elles vont rencontrer à très court terme. Le montant de 100 euros pour 100 grammes a été calibré avec le ministère de la transition écologique et a été confirmé par le Sénat au terme des auditions auxquelles il a procédé. Ce chiffre n’a donc en aucun cas été défini au doigt mouillé. Du reste, c’est bien au législateur qu’il revient de définir un montant, comme c’est d’ailleurs le cas pour les autres redevances pour pollution diffuse d’origine non domestique",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD1 de M. Emmanuel Blairy",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p494",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 109,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p497",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N9752f8b4fc66",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition de loi prévoit en effet une nouvelle redevance, fondée sur le principe pollueur-payeur. Cette redevance, même modeste, permettra d’aider les collectivités locales à faire face au mur d’investissement qu’elles vont rencontrer à très court terme. Le montant de 100 euros pour 100 grammes a été calibré avec le ministère de la transition écologique et a été confirmé par le Sénat au terme des auditions auxquelles il a procédé. Ce chiffre n’a donc en aucun cas été défini au doigt mouillé. Du reste, c’est bien au législateur qu’il revient de définir un montant, comme c’est d’ailleurs le cas pour les autres redevances pour pollution diffuse d’origine non domestique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720668",
   "speaker": "Emmanuel Blairy",
   "quality": "M. Emmanuel Blairy (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p498",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "498"
   ],
   "order": 498,
   "text": "Si ce montant a été calibré par le ministère compétent, il conviendrait, dans un souci d’efficacité, de l’appliquer par décret plutôt que de l’inscrire dans le marbre de la loi, afin de pouvoir déplacer le curseur",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD1 de M. Emmanuel Blairy",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p494",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p498",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N0a541ea16393",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Si ce montant a été calibré par le ministère compétent, il conviendrait, dans un souci d’efficacité, de l’appliquer par décret plutôt que de l’inscrire dans le marbre de la loi, afin de pouvoir déplacer le curseur"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p499",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "499"
   ],
   "order": 499,
   "text": "Comme l’a dit le rapporteur, cette taxe est vouée à disparaître lorsque – le plus rapidement possible – les industriels ne rejetteront plus de PFAS dans le milieu naturel, notamment dans l’eau. Il existe en effet des outils qui permettent de l’éviter, dont l’osmose inverse, comme nous l’avons vu faire par Arkema dans le sud de Lyon, et une campagne est en cours pour identifier les rejets et les industriels qui en sont les auteurs",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD1 de M. Emmanuel Blairy",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p494",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p499",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N0e419b3d7b4c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Comme l’a dit le rapporteur, cette taxe est vouée à disparaître lorsque – le plus rapidement possible – les industriels ne rejetteront plus de PFAS dans le milieu naturel, notamment dans l’eau. Il existe en effet des outils qui permettent de l’éviter, dont l’osmose inverse, comme nous l’avons vu faire par Arkema dans le sud de Lyon, et une campagne est en cours pour identifier les rejets et les industriels qui en sont les auteurs"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p500",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "500"
   ],
   "order": 500,
   "text": "Monsieur Blairy, je le répète, c’est bien au législateur qu’il revient de fixer un tarif ou des bornes pour les agences de l’eau, comme c’est notamment le cas pour toutes les pollutions diffuses d’origine non domestique",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD1 de M. Emmanuel Blairy",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p494",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p500",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N4778407ab0cc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Blairy, je le répète, c’est bien au législateur qu’il revient de fixer un tarif ou des bornes pour les agences de l’eau, comme c’est notamment le cas pour toutes les pollutions diffuses d’origine non domestique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841587",
   "speaker": "David Magnier",
   "quality": "M. David Magnier (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p504",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "504",
    "505",
    "506"
   ],
   "order": 504,
   "text": "Les PFAS, polluants éternels, ne disparaissent pas, non plus que notre habitude de légiférer avec des demi-mesures. On nous propose une redevance uniforme de 100 euros tous les 100 grammes, sans faire de distinction entre un PFAS hautement toxique et un autre, moins nocif mais persistant. C’est une approche simpliste, inefficace et irresponsable. Alors que nous savons que certains de ces polluants sont déjà interdits, que d’autres vont l’être et que tous n’ont pas le même impact sur la santé et l’environnement, on applique la même taxe, sans différenciation ni prise en compte des disques réels. C’est un passe‑droit offert aux pollueurs, qui n’auront aucun intérêt à modifier leurs pratiques. Pendant ce temps, le coût des dépollutions explose : 847 milliards d’euros sur plusieurs décennies pour nos seules eaux souterraines. Qui paiera ? Les pollueurs ou les Français ? L’amendement propose une réponse simple : il vise à instaurer une réponse modulée selon la dangerosité réelle des substances en fonction de trois critères objectifs : la bioaccumulation, la persistance et la toxicité. Nos voisins européens l’ont compris : l’Allemagne et la Suède appliquent déjà une tarification différenciée en fonction du danger réel des substances polluantes. Nous proposons une redevance efficace et dissuasive car une taxation uniforme ne fera qu’entériner l’idée qu’un pollueur peut continuer à polluer tant qu’il paie son écot, ce qui est inacceptable. Ne votons pas un barème paresseux avec cette taxe symbolique, mais une redevance intelligente, fondée sur la science et l’équité",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD14 de M. David Magnier",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p494",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 245,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p504",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N95d25a4232c8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les PFAS, polluants éternels, ne disparaissent pas, non plus que notre habitude de légiférer avec des demi-mesures. On nous propose une redevance uniforme de 100 euros tous les 100 grammes, sans faire de distinction entre un PFAS hautement toxique et un autre, moins nocif mais persistant. C’est une approche simpliste, inefficace et irresponsable. Alors que nous savons que certains de ces polluants sont déjà interdits, que d’autres vont l’être et que tous n’ont pas le même impact sur la santé et l’environnement, on applique la même taxe, sans différenciation ni prise en compte des disques réels. C’est un passe‑droit offert aux pollueurs, qui n’auront aucun intérêt à modifier leurs pratiques. Pendant ce temps, le coût des dépollutions explose : 847 milliards d’euros sur plusieurs décennies pour nos seules eaux souterraines. Qui paiera ? Les pollueurs ou les Français ? L’amendement propose une réponse simple : il vise à instaurer une réponse modulée selon la dangerosité réelle des substances en fonction de trois critères objectifs : la bioaccumulation, la persistance et la toxicité. Nos voisins européens l’ont compris : l’Allemagne et la Suède appliquent déjà une tarification différenciée en fonction du danger réel des substances polluantes. Nous proposons une redevance efficace et dissuasive car une taxation uniforme ne fera qu’entériner l’idée qu’un pollueur peut continuer à polluer tant qu’il paie son écot, ce qui est inacceptable. Ne votons pas un barème paresseux avec cette taxe symbolique, mais une redevance intelligente, fondée sur la science et l’équité"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p507",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "507",
    "508"
   ],
   "order": 507,
   "text": "Je le redis encore : il est inexact de laisser penser que certains PFAS ne seraient pas problématiques, car tous ont un point commun : leur persistance. Toute la communauté scientifique tire la sonnette d’alarme en dénonçant le risque de ne pas aborder les PFAS comme une famille unique. Considérer substance par substance 12 000 polluants éternels et tous persistants, comme ont voulu le faire les États-Unis, qui sont empêtrés dans ce scandale depuis vingt-cinq ans, est la garantie de l’inaction et de l’enlisement Même d’un montant modeste, la redevance sera précieuse pour les collectivités et il n’y a pas lieu de moduler son montant, puisque tous les PFAS sont problématiques. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Amendement CD14 de M. David Magnier",
   "article": "Article 2 : Introduction d’une redevance assise sur les rejets de PFAS dans l’eau",
   "article_id": "p494",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p507",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "Nf8bacee183f5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je le redis encore : il est inexact de laisser penser que certains PFAS ne seraient pas problématiques, car tous ont un point commun : leur persistance. Toute la communauté scientifique tire la sonnette d’alarme en dénonçant le risque de ne pas aborder les PFAS comme une famille unique. Considérer substance par substance 12 000 polluants éternels et tous persistants, comme ont voulu le faire les États-Unis, qui sont empêtrés dans ce scandale depuis vingt-cinq ans, est la garantie de l’inaction et de l’enlisement Même d’un montant modeste, la redevance sera précieuse pour les collectivités et il n’y a pas lieu de moduler son montant, puisque tous les PFAS sont problématiques. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0929@2025-02-12",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0929",
   "date": "2025-02-12",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0929.html",
   "source_sha256": "2a88abc09e663a6a47ba266b0eeb795f9bfae4e07f5a53335c989dbcadeae6ab",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793948",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Thierry",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Thierry, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "pfas::RAPPANR5L17B0929-p514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "514"
   ],
   "order": 514,
   "text": "Un grand merci pour votre soutien. Ce texte est le fruit de deux ans de travail et je me réjouis que nous soyons parvenus à un accord et que nous ayons été à la hauteur de l’enjeu. J’espère que nous le confirmerons la semaine prochaine dans l’hémicycle",
   "top": "Protéger la population des risques liés aux substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées (PFAS)",
   "section": "Article 2 bis : Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article": "Article 2 bis : Mission des agences régionales de santé",
   "article_id": "p511",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0929-p514",
   "case": "pfas",
   "annotation_id": "N93eb40065426",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Un grand merci pour votre soutien. Ce texte est le fruit de deux ans de travail et je me réjouis que nous soyons parvenus à un accord et que nous ayons été à la hauteur de l’enjeu. J’espère que nous le confirmerons la semaine prochaine dans l’hémicycle"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder, député, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p69",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "69",
    "70",
    "71",
    "72",
    "73",
    "74",
    "75",
    "76",
    "77",
    "78",
    "79",
    "80",
    "81",
    "82",
    "83",
    "84",
    "85"
   ],
   "order": 69,
   "text": "Le contexte nous oblige doublement. Jamais la représentation parlementaire n’a été éclatée en autant de groupes ; rarement un Premier ministre a dû à ce point composer sans une majorité acquise à son programme Nous devons reconstituer les marges financières du pays, non pour faire plaisir à ceux qui nous prêtent, mais pour relever les immenses défis que pose le renforcement des droits des assurés en matière de santé, de famille, de retraite et d’autonomie. À ce stade, le déficit public se monterait à 6,1 points de produit intérieur brut (PIB) en 2024 et à 5,2 points en 2025. Pour les régimes obligatoires de base de sécurité sociale et le Fonds de solidarité vieillesse, le texte qui est sur la table cet après-midi fait état d’un solde négatif de 18,5 milliards d’euros cette année et de 15 milliards d’euros l’an prochain, alors que les crises ne sont plus d’actualité. Conformément au message clair que les Français ont envoyé par les urnes en juin – probablement le seul ! –, le président Valletoux, le vice‑président Mouiller, la rapporteure générale Doineau, les rapporteurs thématiques des deux chambres et moi-même, aidés de certains d’entre vous, chers collègues, avons œuvré à établir des compromis. Eu égard à la situation des comptes, nous devons agir de manière responsable, sans tabou en matière d’économies ni de recettes. Restent cent trente articles en discussion – c’est un chiffre qui n’avait pas été atteint depuis l’examen du PLFSS 2012. Même si à la modestie que doivent toujours observer les rapporteurs d’une commission mixte paritaire s’ajoute cette année une forme de prudence, Mme Doineau et moi pensons être en mesure de vous proposer un accord satisfaisant. Nous avons des points de convergence en matière de recettes. Le premier concerne les produits de santé : il s’agit de rendre la réduction de l’assiette de la clause de sauvegarde assise sur les dispositifs médicaux cohérente avec son seuil de déclenchement, de reporter l’entrée en vigueur de la réforme de la base d’imposition pour les médicaments et, pour l’année prochaine, d’en plafonner le produit. Deuxièmement, nous voulons soutenir les exploitants agricoles, en modifiant le calcul de leur pension et en prévoyant une revalorisation de l’exonération pour les saisonniers, c’est-à-dire les travailleurs occasionnels et demandeurs d’emploi (TO‑DE), tant en renforçant ses paramètres et en la pérennisant qu’en y rendant éligibles les coopératives d’utilisation de matériel agricole (Cuma) et, même lorsque leur activité n’est pas le prolongement direct de la production, celles qui conditionnent les fruits ou les légumes. Il s’agit là de demandes que nous sommes nombreux à avoir entendues dans nos circonscriptions. Troisièmement, pour lutter contre les déserts médicaux, nous proposons de faciliter le cumul emploi-retraite pour les médecins à travers la consolidation du régime simplifié des professions médicales, dont le seuil d’éligibilité devrait passer à 80 000 euros comme s’y est engagé la ministre du travail et de l’emploi dans notre hémicycle. Quatrièmement, nous nous accordons sur la nécessité de lutter contre la fraude. Cinquièmement, nous voulons dissuader de consommer des produits néfastes pour la santé, en particulier des boissons sucrées. S’agissant des dépenses, nous avons aussi accompli, je pense, une œuvre bicamérale et transpartisane utile. Nous voulons développer les accords conventionnels, en y intégrant des objectifs qualitatifs ; mieux financer certaines activités, comme la radiothérapie et la biologie en ville, mais aussi les établissements de médecine, chirurgie et obstétrique (MCO) ; renforcer la prise en charge dans certains domaines qui sont au cœur de nos préoccupations, à savoir le parcours de soins gynécologique pour les assurées handicapées, la détection de la soumission chimique ou la prévention bucco‑dentaire et vaccinale pour les enfants ; connaître plus précisément les stocks de produits stratégiques pour limiter les risques de rupture ; poursuivre le développement de la cinquième branche. Pour atteindre ce dernier objectif, nous voulons engager la réforme du concours de la CNSA aux départements au titre de l’allocation personnalisée d’autonomie (APA) et de la prestation de compensation du handicap (PCH), dont les nouvelles règles de calcul, favorables à ces collectivités, devraient leur permettre de bénéficier de 200 millions d’euros supplémentaires en 2025, pour soutenir l’aide à domicile. Nous espérons beaucoup de l’expérimentation prévue à l’article 21 pour redresser la situation financière des Ehpad et nous saluons, quoiqu’avec quelques réserves, l’instauration d’une aide d’urgence de 100 millions pour les établissements les plus en difficulté – il faudra toutefois éviter le saupoudrage. Nous sommes également favorables à aligner – enfin ! – les modes de calcul de la retraite des agriculteurs sur ceux du régime général et à revaloriser les pensions de tous les Français plus que prévu. Nous voulons ajouter à l’indemnisation du déficit professionnel de la victime d’un accident du travail ou d’une maladie professionnelle une réparation de son déficit fonctionnel permanent, afin de revenir sur un revirement de jurisprudence défavorable de la Cour de cassation et de transposer, avec une fidélité remarquable, le consensus des partenaires sociaux. Enfin, nous proposons de consolider les prestations de la branche famille, en particulier le complément de libre choix du mode de garde (CMG). Certes, des divergences demeurent. Elles concernent les allégements généraux de cotisations sociales et la journée de solidarité. Le temps de travail est un sujet essentiel qui doit faire l’objet d’une concertation plus large que notre conclave. Mais ces obstacles ne me semblent pas insurmontables au regard du risque que représenterait un échec de notre commission mixte paritaire ou, pire encore, un rejet du PLFSS dans la suite de la navette. Sans mesures nouvelles, le déficit de la sécurité sociale avoisinera les 30 milliards d’euros dès l’an prochain. Nous avons la responsabilité de doter la France d’une loi de financement de la sécurité sociale exigeante sur le plan budgétaire, mais qui protège nos concitoyens les plus modestes. Je crois que nous pouvons y parvenir. L’accord global que nous vous soumettons en tant que rapporteurs généraux ne revient pas à donner un blanc-seing au Gouvernement ; même s’il ne résoudra pas tous les problèmes des Français, il est ambitieux. Surtout, il pose des jalons pour les réformes futures – et je pense notamment au projet de loi sur la profession infirmière.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
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   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1018,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p69",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nb958da407ad4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "qui conditionnent les fruits ou les légumes. Il s’agit là de demandes que nous sommes nombreux à avoir entendues dans nos circonscriptions. Troisièmement, pour lutter contre les déserts médicaux, nous proposons de faciliter le cumul emploi-retraite pour les médecins à travers la consolidation du régime simplifié des professions médicales, dont le seuil d’éligibilité devrait passer à 80 000 euros comme s’y est engagé la ministre du travail et de l’emploi dans notre hémicycle. Quatrièmement, nous nous accordons sur la nécessité de lutter contre la fraude. Cinquièmement, nous voulons dissuader de consommer des produits néfastes pour la santé, en particulier des boissons sucrées. S’agissant des dépenses, nous avons aussi accompli, je pense, une œuvre bicamérale et transpartisane utile. Nous voulons développer les accords conventionnels, en y intégrant des objectifs qualitatifs ; mieux financer certaines activités, comme la radiothérapie et la biologie en ville, mais aussi les établissements de médecine, chirurgie et obstétrique (MCO) ; renforcer la prise en charge dans certains domaines qui sont au cœur de nos préoccupations, à savoir le parcours de soins gynécologique pour les assurées handicapées, la détection de la soumission chimique ou la prévention bucco‑dentaire et vaccinale pour les enfants ; connaître plus précisément les stocks de"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj, député.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p86",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "86",
    "87",
    "88",
    "89"
   ],
   "order": 86,
   "text": "Des discussions ont eu lieu et nous sommes les spectateurs des accords trouvés ici ou là – c’est la tradition. Les députés et sénateurs socialistes souhaitent que la commission mixte paritaire soit conclusive, mais aussi que le PLFSS soit acceptable. Or il n’est pas certain que les compromis auxquels le socle commun est parvenu satisfassent les préoccupations des parlementaires de gauche. Par principe, nous voulons que le texte puisse être adopté, pour éviter un engagement de la responsabilité du Gouvernement sur le fondement du troisième alinéa de l’article 49 de la Constitution, donc une censure, donc le cataclysme que le Premier ministre a annoncé hier. Est-il encore temps de bâtir un véritable compromis, avec l’ensemble du Parlement ? Chacun devra faire des renoncements. Nous serons donc amenés à répéter, peut-être naïvement, ce qui pour nous rendrait le PLFSS acceptable – sinon satisfaisant. Je sais que de telles mesures modifieraient la trajectoire envisageable, mais il faut arbitrer entre cette éventualité et les conséquences désastreuses qui nous sont promises en cas d’échec. Nous tenons à préserver certaines dépenses, pour un montant de 8 milliards d’euros. Ce chiffre paraît effrayant, parce que cela implique de dégager 8 milliards de recettes, mais il faut le rapporter aux 662 milliards de dépenses du budget. Les députés ont voté 18 milliards de recettes supplémentaires ; vous avez dit que c’était scandaleux, intenable. Nous proposons de revenir à 8 milliards. Cette somme se justifie par la nécessité d’augmenter les moyens des Ehpad et ceux de l’hôpital, en rehaussant de 3 milliards l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) ; par le souci de ne pas dérembourser les médicaments ni les consultations ; par le souhait de maintenir l’indexation des pensions de retraite. Pour le reste des recettes, nous vous laissons libres d’agir comme bon vous semble. S’agissant de la réforme des exonérations de cotisations, nous préférons le maintien de la proposition du Gouvernement – nous avons compris qu’il s’agissait pour une partie du socle commun d’une ligne rouge. Cependant, si cette mesure n’augmente pas les recettes de 4 milliards, il faudra trouver des moyens supplémentaires ailleurs – il existe une boîte à idées raisonnables. Je le répète : un chemin existe, qui ne mène pas au blocage ni à la censure. La responsabilité de le trouver nous incombe. Il s’agit d’un exercice de parlementarisme utile.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 388,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p86",
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   "annotation_id": "N76ba102f92da",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Des discussions ont eu lieu et nous sommes les spectateurs des accords trouvés ici ou là – c’est la tradition. Les députés et sénateurs socialistes souhaitent que la commission mixte paritaire soit conclusive, mais aussi que le PLFSS soit acceptable. Or il n’est pas certain que les compromis auxquels le socle commun est parvenu satisfassent les préoccupations des parlementaires de gauche. Par principe, nous voulons que le texte puisse être adopté, pour éviter un engagement de la responsabilité du Gouvernement sur le fondement du troisième alinéa de l’article 49 de la Constitution, donc une censure, donc le cataclysme que le Premier ministre a annoncé hier. Est-il encore temps de bâtir un véritable compromis, avec l’ensemble du Parlement ? Chacun devra faire des renoncements. Nous serons donc amenés à répéter, peut-être naïvement, ce qui pour nous rendrait le PLFSS acceptable – sinon satisfaisant. Je sais que de telles mesures modifieraient la trajectoire envisageable, mais il faut arbitrer entre cette éventualité et les conséquences désastreuses qui nous sont promises en cas d’échec. Nous tenons à préserver certaines dépenses, pour un montant de 8 milliards d’euros. Ce chiffre paraît effrayant, parce que cela implique de dégager 8 milliards de recettes, mais il faut le rapporter aux 662 milliards de dépenses du budget. Les députés ont voté 18 milliards de recettes supplémentaires ; vous avez dit que c’était scandaleux, intenable. Nous proposons de revenir à 8 milliards. Cette somme se justifie par la nécessité d’augmenter les moyens des Ehpad et ceux de l’hôpital, en rehaussant de 3 milliards l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) ; par le souci de ne pas dérembourser les médicaments ni les consultations ; par le souhait de maintenir l’indexation des pensions de retraite. Pour le reste des recettes, nous vous laissons libres d’agir comme bon vous semble. S’agissant de la réforme des exonérations de cotisations, nous préférons le maintien de la proposition du Gouvernement – nous avons compris qu’il s’agissait pour une partie du socle commun d’une ligne rouge. Cependant, si cette mesure n’augmente pas les recettes de 4 milliards, il faudra trouver des moyens supplémentaires ailleurs – il existe une boîte à idées raisonnables. Je le répète : un chemin existe, qui ne mène pas au blocage ni à la censure. La responsabilité de le trouver nous incombe. Il s’agit d’un exercice de parlementarisme utile."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz, député.",
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   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p94",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 94,
   "text": "Mme Joëlle Mélin et moi-même abordons cette discussion avec un esprit constructif, mais nous défendrons fermement nos convictions. Lors de l’examen du PLFSS 2025 à l’Assemblée nationale, nous nous y sommes opposés, parce que nous étions opposés à la trajectoire générale Nous avons six lignes rouges : le déremboursement progressif de certains médicaments ; la désindexation des pensions pendant six mois ; les charges supplémentaires imposées aux petites et moyennes entreprises ; la contribution de solidarité ; la baisse des exonérations pour l’apprentissage ; la suppression des allégements de charges sur les bas salaires ; les taxes comportementales, sur les produits sucrés en particulier. Dans tous ces domaines, nous voulons des évolutions.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p94",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nc30bfb320e4d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Mme [PERSONNE] et moi-même abordons cette discussion avec un esprit constructif, mais nous défendrons fermement nos convictions. Lors de l’examen du PLFSS 2025 à l’Assemblée nationale, nous nous y sommes opposés, parce que nous étions opposés à la trajectoire générale Nous avons six lignes rouges : le déremboursement progressif de certains médicaments ; la désindexation des pensions pendant six mois ; les charges supplémentaires imposées aux petites et moyennes entreprises ; la contribution de solidarité ; la baisse des exonérations pour l’apprentissage ; la suppression des allégements de charges sur les bas salaires ; les taxes comportementales, sur les produits sucrés en particulier. Dans tous ces domaines, nous voulons des évolutions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795108",
   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher, députée.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p96",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "96",
    "97",
    "98",
    "99"
   ],
   "order": 96,
   "text": "Depuis l’ouverture des débats, nous voulons rendre à la protection sociale les moyens nécessaires pour satisfaire les besoins de nos concitoyens. Le texte proposé ne nous convient pas. À l’Assemblée, les macronistes et les Républicains se sont unis pour empêcher de mener la discussion à son terme et éviter un revers au socle commun sur le décalage de l’indexation des pensions de retraite. Cela a abouti à un compromis en trompe-l’œil, validé par le Sénat, qui n’a pas préservé la revalorisation. Pourtant, le texte issu des travaux de l’Assemblée aurait substantiellement augmenté les recettes de la sécu, notamment avec la socialisation des dividendes, de l’intéressement et de la participation, ainsi que des plus-values réalisées sur les ventes d’actions, qui auraient rapporté 10 milliards d’euros Nous veillerons à préserver les victoires arrachées par la gauche sénatoriale, telles que le passage de 20 à 30 % du taux des cotisations patronales sur les actions gratuites. Toutefois, nous ne pouvons accepter qu’elles soient noyées sous les mesures qui font payer à la majorité les privilèges des plus aisés : je pense en particulier à l’instauration d’une nouvelle contribution de solidarité par le travail – soit sept heures de travail gratuit –, à la hausse du taux du ticket modérateur et à l’abondement dérisoire de l’Ondam pour 2025, lequel est destiné à cacher la réduction de l’objectif poursuivi en la matière. Le PLFSS 2025 aurait pu être l’occasion de redonner à notre système de soins les moyens dont il a cruellement besoin : nous en sommes loin. Il aurait pu aussi être suivi d’une réforme du secteur de la petite enfance ou des congés parentaux, pour permettre une parentalité plus égalitaire : nous en sommes tout aussi éloignés. Il est plus que regrettable de voir une commission mixte paritaire sur un des textes les plus importants de l’année réduite à un outil de règlement des conflits entre les membres d’une alliance en déclin.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
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   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 319,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p96",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Na206bd2e58cb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis l’ouverture des débats, nous voulons rendre à la protection sociale les moyens nécessaires pour satisfaire les besoins de nos concitoyens. Le texte proposé ne nous convient pas. À l’Assemblée, les macronistes et [GROUPE] se sont unis pour empêcher de mener la discussion à son terme et éviter un revers au socle commun sur le décalage de l’indexation des pensions de retraite. Cela a abouti à un compromis en trompe-l’œil, validé par le Sénat, qui n’a pas préservé la revalorisation. Pourtant, le texte issu des travaux de l’Assemblée aurait substantiellement augmenté les recettes de la sécu, notamment avec la socialisation des dividendes, de l’intéressement et de la participation, ainsi que des plus-values réalisées sur les ventes d’actions, qui auraient rapporté 10 milliards d’euros Nous veillerons à préserver les victoires arrachées par la gauche sénatoriale, telles que le passage de 20 à 30 % du taux des cotisations patronales sur les actions gratuites. Toutefois, nous ne pouvons accepter qu’elles soient noyées sous les mesures qui font payer à la majorité les privilèges des plus aisés : je pense en particulier à l’instauration d’une nouvelle contribution de solidarité par le travail – soit sept heures de travail gratuit –, à la hausse du taux du ticket modérateur et à l’abondement dérisoire de l’Ondam pour 2025, lequel est destiné à cacher la réduction de l’objectif poursuivi en la matière. Le PLFSS 2025 aurait pu être l’occasion de redonner à notre système de soins les moyens dont il a cruellement besoin : nous en sommes loin. Il aurait pu aussi être suivi d’une réforme du secteur de la petite enfance ou des congés parentaux, pour permettre une parentalité plus égalitaire : nous en sommes tout aussi éloignés. Il est plus que regrettable de voir une commission mixte paritaire sur un des textes les plus importants de l’année réduite à un outil de règlement des conflits entre les membres d’une alliance en déclin."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj, député.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "374"
   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "La taxe sur les boissons sucrées devait initialement entrer en vigueur au 1er janvier 2025. Les acteurs du secteur admettraient parfaitement une application au 1er juillet, le temps de s’organiser avec leurs fournisseurs",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p369",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p374",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N5f45e59385b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La taxe sur les boissons sucrées devait initialement entrer en vigueur au 1er janvier 2025. Les acteurs du secteur admettraient parfaitement une application au 1er juillet, le temps de s’organiser avec leurs fournisseurs"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj, député.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p376",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "376",
    "377"
   ],
   "order": 376,
   "text": "Pour le coup, une entrée en vigueur dès le 1er janvier 2025 serait problématique pour une partie des acteurs S’agissant des édulcorants, qui me semblent préférables au sucre, il serait utile de les taxer plus faiblement si nous voulons modifier le comportement des consommateurs dans un sens plus vertueux.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p369",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p376",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N376698164e4f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour le coup, une entrée en vigueur dès le 1er janvier 2025 serait problématique pour une partie des acteurs S’agissant des édulcorants, qui me semblent préférables au sucre, il serait utile de les taxer plus faiblement si nous voulons modifier le comportement des consommateurs dans un sens plus vertueux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau, députée.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p378",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "378"
   ],
   "order": 378,
   "text": "Les édulcorants chimiques sont suspectés d’avoir des effets sur la santé. En tout état de cause, cette taxe est un impératif de santé publique et ne saurait donc être repoussée de deux ans. Un an devrait largement suffire pour que les industriels, qui sont soumis à une obligation de traçabilité, soient capables de mesurer la quantité d’édulcorants dans leurs produits",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p369",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p378",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N5143e250c4c5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les édulcorants chimiques sont suspectés d’avoir des effets sur la santé. En tout état de cause, cette taxe est un impératif de santé publique et ne saurait donc être repoussée de deux ans. Un an devrait largement suffire pour que les industriels, qui sont soumis à une obligation de traçabilité, soient capables de mesurer la quantité d’édulcorants dans leurs produits"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz, député.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p382",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "382"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "Ces nouvelles taxes, qui pénaliseront les entreprises et se répercuteront sur les prix, donc sur le pouvoir d’achat, tout en n’ayant que des effets très limités en matière de santé publique, font partie des lignes rouges du Rassemblement national",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme de la contribution sur les boissons à sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p369",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p382",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N5165f242e6ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Ces nouvelles taxes, qui pénaliseront les entreprises et se répercuteront sur les prix, donc sur le pouvoir d’achat, tout en n’ayant que des effets très limités en matière de santé publique, font partie des lignes rouges du [GROUPE]"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz, député.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p832",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "832"
   ],
   "order": 832,
   "text": "Parmi nos lignes rouges figure le déremboursement progressif de certains médicaments, disposition annoncée par le Gouvernement mais que l’on ne retrouve pas dans le PLFSS. N’est‑ce pas cela que désigne le terme de « mesures réglementaires » ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Article 27 : Rectification de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie et de ses sous-objectifs pour 2025",
   "article": "Article 27 : Rectification de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie et de ses sous-objectifs pour 2025",
   "article_id": "p822",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p832",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nc9954afba114",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Parmi nos lignes rouges figure le déremboursement progressif de certains médicaments, disposition annoncée par le Gouvernement mais que l’on ne retrouve pas dans le PLFSS. N’est‑ce pas cela que désigne le terme de « mesures réglementaires » ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder, député, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p834",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "834",
    "835",
    "836",
    "837"
   ],
   "order": 834,
   "text": "Le président Mouiller a raison, nous n’avons pas toutes les informations. Je précise que notre proposition ne concerne que l’article relatif à l’Ondam pour 2025, non les autres tableaux d’équilibre. Il y aura des corrections à apporter quant aux prévisions de recettes et de dépenses des autres branches. S’agissant des mesures que vous évoquez, monsieur Bentz, celle concernant le transfert de certaines dépenses de l’assurance maladie vers les complémentaires n’entre pas dans le cadre du PLFSS puisqu’elle est réglementaire Madame Rousseau, on peut citer par exemple la taxe sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés, ou sodas, les mesures sur le recours au dossier médical partage (DMP), sur la lutte contre la fraude, sur la carte Vitale biométrique, des efforts sur certaines niches sociales, des économies de fonctionnement des caisses, la responsabilisation des acteurs, etc. Par ailleurs, cette commission mixte paritaire n’est pas si différente d’autres commissions mixtes paritaires conclusives, même si nous en avons perdu l’habitude : en 2011, par exemple, des mesures réglementaires étaient également prévues ultérieurement à l’entrée en vigueur de la loi de financement. Quant aux montants énoncés par M. Guedj, ils doivent être recalculés. Ce n’est pas ce soir que ce sera fait, mais par l’exécutif. Il faut aussi, en effet, une coordination avec le projet de loi de finances : les comptes de la France se répartissent en trois grands sous-secteurs d’administrations publiques : l’État, les collectivités territoriales et la sécurité sociale.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Article 27 : Rectification de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie et de ses sous-objectifs pour 2025",
   "article": "Article 27 : Rectification de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie et de ses sous-objectifs pour 2025",
   "article_id": "p822",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 238,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p834",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N02e0ceaba3a9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le président Mouiller a raison, nous n’avons pas toutes les informations. Je précise que notre proposition ne concerne que l’article relatif à l’Ondam pour 2025, non les autres tableaux d’équilibre. Il y aura des corrections à apporter quant aux prévisions de recettes et de dépenses des autres branches. S’agissant des mesures que vous évoquez, monsieur Bentz, celle concernant le transfert de certaines dépenses de l’assurance maladie vers les complémentaires n’entre pas dans le cadre du PLFSS puisqu’elle est réglementaire Madame Rousseau, on peut citer par exemple la taxe sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés, ou sodas, les mesures sur le recours au dossier médical partage (DMP), sur la lutte contre la fraude, sur la carte Vitale biométrique, des efforts sur certaines niches sociales, des économies de fonctionnement des caisses, la responsabilisation des acteurs, etc. Par ailleurs, cette commission mixte paritaire n’est pas si différente d’autres commissions mixtes paritaires conclusives, même si nous en avons perdu l’habitude : en 2011, par exemple, des mesures réglementaires étaient également prévues ultérieurement à l’entrée en vigueur de la loi de financement. Quant aux montants énoncés par M. Guedj, ils doivent être recalculés. Ce n’est pas ce soir que ce sera fait, mais par l’exécutif. Il faut aussi, en effet, une coordination avec le projet de loi de finances : les comptes de la France se répartissent en trois grands sous-secteurs d’administrations publiques : l’État, les collectivités territoriales et la sécurité sociale."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0638@2024-11-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0638",
   "date": "2024-11-27",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0638.html",
   "source_sha256": "cc0d68d283301934aef9f3a2549003d99742221f5cd5250f0e3a53a0e62c5032",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist, députée.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0638-p842",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "842"
   ],
   "order": 842,
   "text": "La différence de l’Ondam total entre le texte initial et celui-ci est de 300 millions d’euros, à la baisse. Le sous-objectif de l’Ondam relatif aux soins de ville était de 111,6 milliards d’euros ; il est ici de 111,4 milliards d’euros",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Article 27 : Rectification de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie et de ses sous-objectifs pour 2025",
   "article": "Article 27 : Rectification de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie et de ses sous-objectifs pour 2025",
   "article_id": "p822",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0638-p842",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N7fe7b5981f05",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La différence de l’Ondam total entre le texte initial et celui-ci est de 300 millions d’euros, à la baisse. Le sous-objectif de l’Ondam relatif aux soins de ville était de 111,6 milliards d’euros ; il est ici de 111,4 milliards d’euros"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840075",
   "speaker": "Eddy Casterman",
   "quality": "M. Eddy Casterman (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4580",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4580",
    "4581",
    "4582"
   ],
   "order": 4580,
   "text": "Cet article prévoit de tripler la taxe sur le sucre sous le prétexte de la santé publique : il s’agirait de favoriser une diminution de la consommation des boissons sucrées. S’il existe bien un enjeu de santé publique en la matière, cette taxe comportementale ne fera pas baisser la consommation des boissons sucrées mais réduira mécaniquement la production de sucre, son prix et, une fois de plus, les revenus des agriculteurs. Il s’agit donc d’une taxe non pas sur les sodas, mais sur la betterave Le prix moyen du sucre étant de 500 euros par tonne, la taxation représenterait plus de sept fois le prix du sucre dans un hectolitre de soda et conduirait à une augmentation de 27 % du prix des bouteilles. En réalité, la taxe sera répercutée sur les fournisseurs de sucre plutôt que sur les consommateurs, ce qui aura un impact substantiel sur la filière de la betterave, déjà fragilisée par la dégradation du marché, notamment depuis les importations massives de sucre d’Ukraine – les prix ont été divisés par deux depuis 2023. Cette filière compte 24 000 planteurs, vingt sucreries, douze sites de production d’alcool répartis entre plusieurs bassins de production ruraux et plus de 70 000 emplois. Par solidarité avec nos agriculteurs, en particulier les betteraviers qui ont beaucoup souffert ces dernières années du fait de la suppression des néonicotinoïdes et de la concurrence déloyale, je vous invite à revenir sur l’explosion d’une taxe qui retombera une fois de plus sur la France agricole et anéantira notre souveraineté alimentaire en faisant la part belle à l’importation de centaines de milliers de tonnes de sucre.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 270,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4580",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N34c9817aa27b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article prévoit de tripler la taxe sur le sucre sous le prétexte de la santé publique : il s’agirait de favoriser une diminution de la consommation des boissons sucrées. S’il existe bien un enjeu de santé publique en la matière, cette taxe comportementale ne fera pas baisser la consommation des boissons sucrées mais réduira mécaniquement la production de sucre, son prix et, une fois de plus, les revenus des agriculteurs. Il s’agit donc d’une taxe non pas sur les sodas, mais sur la betterave Le prix moyen du sucre étant de 500 euros par tonne, la taxation représenterait plus de sept fois le prix du sucre dans un hectolitre de soda et conduirait à une augmentation de 27 % du prix des bouteilles. En réalité, la taxe sera répercutée sur les fournisseurs de sucre plutôt que sur les consommateurs, ce qui aura un impact substantiel sur la filière de la betterave, déjà fragilisée par la dégradation du marché, notamment depuis les importations massives de sucre d’Ukraine – les prix ont été divisés par deux depuis 2023. Cette filière compte 24 000 planteurs, vingt sucreries, douze sites de production d’alcool répartis entre plusieurs bassins de production ruraux et plus de 70 000 emplois. Par solidarité avec nos agriculteurs, en particulier les betteraviers qui ont beaucoup souffert ces dernières années du fait de la suppression des néonicotinoïdes et de la concurrence déloyale, je vous invite à revenir sur l’explosion d’une taxe qui retombera une fois de plus sur la France agricole et anéantira notre souveraineté alimentaire en faisant la part belle à l’importation de centaines de milliers de tonnes de sucre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842073",
   "speaker": "Gaëtan Dussausaye",
   "quality": "M. Gaëtan Dussausaye (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4583",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4583"
   ],
   "order": 4583,
   "text": "Les recettes fiscales de cette taxe ont constamment augmenté depuis 2018 – elles ont dépassé 400 millions d’euros en 2023 –, mais les comportements en matière de consommation de boissons sucrées n’ont pas été modifiés. En revanche, la taxe fait courir deux risques : pénaliser les agriculteurs et les consommateurs, par leur pouvoir d’achat, et jouer contre les industriels français. C’est pourquoi nous demandons par l’amendement AS536 la suppression de l’article 9 bis",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4583",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Ne181a4c5d0f8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les recettes fiscales de cette taxe ont constamment augmenté depuis 2018 – elles ont dépassé 400 millions d’euros en 2023 –, mais les comportements en matière de consommation de boissons sucrées n’ont pas été modifiés. En revanche, la taxe fait courir deux risques : pénaliser les agriculteurs et les consommateurs, par leur pouvoir d’achat, et jouer contre les industriels français. C’est pourquoi nous demandons par l’amendement AS536 la suppression de l’article 9 bis"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840773",
   "speaker": "Olivier Fayssat",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Fayssat (UDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4584",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4584"
   ],
   "order": 4584,
   "text": "Nous sommes assez constants à l’UDR : la réponse à un problème ne doit jamais être un impôt ou une taxe de plus. Afin de ne pas augmenter le coût pour les consommateurs et peut-être pénaliser les agriculteurs, il faudrait supprimer cet article",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 43,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4584",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N1d02751e1ddb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes assez constants à l’[GROUPE] : la réponse à un problème ne doit jamais être un impôt ou une taxe de plus. Afin de ne pas augmenter le coût pour les consommateurs et peut-être pénaliser les agriculteurs, il faudrait supprimer cet article"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4585",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4585",
    "4586",
    "4587",
    "4588",
    "4589",
    "4590"
   ],
   "order": 4585,
   "text": "Je suis embêté. Nous avons adopté en séance des dispositions, même si elles sont peu nombreuses et que je n’ai pas forcément voté pour – c’est vrai en l’espèce. Nous avons eu tout un débat sur les taxes comportementales : si mes souvenirs sont bons, un amendement, sous-amendé, a été adopté au sujet de celle-ci, en seconde délibération, après une sorte de confusion dans les votes. Cette mesure, je dois le rappeler, est une des rares taxes comportementales adoptées en première lecture, alors que tout un catalogue nous était proposé. Par ailleurs, c’est une des rares dispositions qui étaient restées à l’issue de la CMP Quand on est membre de la commission des affaires sociales, on ne peut pas nier que de véritables problèmes de santé peuvent se poser lorsque la consommation de sucre est inadaptée, en particulier chez les plus jeunes. Il faut donc trouver des mesures dissuasives. Pour éviter une augmentation du prix, on devra baisser la teneur en sucre ; c’est l’esprit d’une telle disposition. Nous n’inventons pas la taxe sur les sodas. Elle existe, mais est-elle performante ? Non, le Conseil des prélèvements obligatoires l’a expliqué en juillet 2023, comme la Mission d’évaluation et de contrôle des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale du Sénat en mai 2024. D’autres rapports, de l’Institut Montaigne et de l’École des hautes études en santé publique, sont allés dans le même sens. Il faut réduire le nombre de paliers. Par ailleurs, le contexte social est compliqué : je ne veux pas multiplier les irritants et porter atteinte à nos filières agricoles. Nous devons donc adopter une vision équilibrée. Autre élément, cet article concerne notamment les édulcorants qui, selon les dernières études – mais certains d’entre vous connaissent mieux que moi le sujet et nous avons encore échangé avec le directeur général de l’Institut national du cancer il y a quelques heures –, présentent un risque cancérigène. L’évolution prévue en la matière serait donc positive. Pour respecter l’équilibre trouvé en CMP et rester fidèle à ce qui a été voté en première lecture, j’aurais tendance à donner un avis défavorable aux amendements de suppression, mais il faut aussi prendre en compte d’autres questions. Nous devons adopter un budget pour la sécurité sociale, suivre les trajectoires prévues et faire de la prévention. Or l’élasticité prix est forte en ce qui concerne les boissons sucrées, alors que ce n’est pas vrai pour toutes les addictions. Je fais appel à votre discernement : votez bien, chers collègues.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 414,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4585",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N96eff18ca4ad",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis embêté. Nous avons adopté en séance des dispositions, même si elles sont peu nombreuses et que je n’ai pas forcément voté pour – c’est vrai en l’espèce. Nous avons eu tout un débat sur les taxes comportementales : si mes souvenirs sont bons, un amendement, sous-amendé, a été adopté au sujet de celle-ci, en seconde délibération, après une sorte de confusion dans les votes. Cette mesure, je dois le rappeler, est une des rares taxes comportementales adoptées en première lecture, alors que tout un catalogue nous était proposé. Par ailleurs, c’est une des rares dispositions qui étaient restées à l’issue de la CMP Quand on est membre de la commission des affaires sociales, on ne peut pas nier que de véritables problèmes de santé peuvent se poser lorsque la consommation de sucre est inadaptée, en particulier"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4591",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4591"
   ],
   "order": 4591,
   "text": "Je suis assez partagé. Comme le rapporteur général vient de le dire, les taxes comportementales fonctionnent – on l’a vu pour le tabac – et le sucre pose un vrai problème de santé publique. Néanmoins, je me préoccupe des agriculteurs. J’ai soutenu la réintroduction de produits de défense phytopharmaceutiques, parce qu’il faut tenir compte des producteurs, et je crois que nous pouvons trouver d’autres mécanismes pour agir. S’agissant de la consommation de sucre, en particulier par les jeunes, nous faisons face à un mur immense en matière de santé publique. Il suffit de regarder les dégâts aux États-Unis, notamment en matière d’obésité : ils sont tout simplement dus au sucre, en particulier les boissons sucrées. Il n’est pas inutile de prévoir une régulation en la matière",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 126,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4591",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nc31b45c3b7aa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis assez partagé. Comme le rapporteur général vient de le dire, les taxes comportementales fonctionnent – on l’a vu pour le tabac – et le sucre pose un vrai problème de santé publique. Néanmoins, je me préoccupe des agriculteurs. J’ai soutenu la réintroduction de produits de défense phytopharmaceutiques, parce qu’il faut tenir compte des producteurs, et je crois que nous pouvons trouver d’autres mécanismes pour agir. S’agissant de la consommation de sucre, en particulier par les jeunes, nous faisons face à un mur immense en matière de santé publique. Il suffit de regarder les dégâts aux États-Unis, notamment en matière d’obésité : ils sont tout simplement dus au sucre, en particulier les boissons sucrées. Il n’est pas inutile de prévoir une régulation en la matière"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4592",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4592",
    "4593",
    "4594"
   ],
   "order": 4592,
   "text": "Le nombre de concitoyens en situation d’obésité augmente rapidement. Leur part est passée de 8,5 % à 17 % de la population générale entre 1997 et 2020 et de 2,1 % à 9 % des enfants et des jeunes. Un vrai problème se pose, d’autant que le sucre est impliqué dans de nombreux cancers Nous voulons absolument diminuer les dépenses de santé. Or il existe une solution assez simple pour y parvenir : il faut modifier les comportements en matière de sucre, chez les industriels, chez ceux qui conçoivent les publicités et chez nos enfants. Le prix est un des moyens d’action. Si les taxes sont suffisamment élevées, les industriels s’adapteront en réduisant la teneur en sucre. Regardez les gâteaux que mangent le matin nos gamins de moins de 5 ans : ce sont de vrais poisons qui rendent nos enfants complètement dépendants. Il ne faut pas voter ces amendements de suppression.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 152,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4592",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N3fa60abfbaa2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le nombre de concitoyens en situation d’obésité augmente rapidement. Leur part est passée de 8,5 % à 17 % de la population générale entre 1997 et 2020 et de 2,1 % à 9 % des enfants et des jeunes. Un vrai problème se pose, d’autant que le sucre est impliqué dans de nombreux cancers Nous voulons absolument diminuer les dépenses de santé. Or il existe une solution assez simple pour y parvenir : il faut modifier les comportements en matière de sucre, chez les industriels, chez ceux qui conçoivent les publicités et chez nos enfants. Le prix est un des moyens d’action. Si les taxes sont suffisamment élevées, les industriels s’adapteront en réduisant la teneur en sucre. Regardez les gâteaux que mangent le matin nos gamins de moins de 5 ans : ce sont de vrais poisons qui rendent nos enfants complètement dépendants. Il ne faut pas voter ces amendements de suppression."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4595",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4595",
    "4596",
    "4597"
   ],
   "order": 4595,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’une mesure de santé publique. Tout le monde parle de prévention, mais ce PLFSS ne comporte pas beaucoup de dispositions en la matière – le présent article en est une Il est issu d’un travail de notre commission que j’ai mené avec un collègue à l’occasion du Printemps social de l’évaluation. Il faut bien comprendre que le sucre fait l’objet d’une addiction dès le plus jeune âge – on récompense les enfants par un bonbon ou une sucette – et qu’il n’est pas question d’une taxe comportementale, mais d’une incitation pour les industriels à moins sucrer leurs sodas, constitués d’eau, de gaz et de sucre, outre quelques éléments donnant un peu de goût. Ainsi, nos concitoyens souffriront moins de diabète et d’obésité. Cet article est très important et les industriels sont prêts : lorsque j’ai travaillé sur mon amendement, ils ne sont pas venus me voir pour me demander d’arrêter, car ils l’avaient déjà anticipé. Savez-vous que les sodas bus en France sont plus sucrés que ceux consommés d’autres pays ? Il existe pourtant une taxe sur le sucre comptant quatorze paliers. Nous proposons de réduire leur nombre à trois seulement. Lorsqu’ils ont agi en ce sens, les Britanniques ont constaté que les industriels réduisaient rapidement le sucre dans les sodas au lieu d’augmenter les prix. C’est ce que nous voulons et pour cela nous sommes obligés de passer par la loi. S’agissant du sel, savez-vous que les boulangers en ont baissé la teneur dans le pain, de leur propre initiative, depuis quelques années ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 257,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4595",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nc1e64e706bcd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’une mesure de santé publique. Tout le monde parle de prévention, mais ce PLFSS ne comporte pas beaucoup de dispositions en la matière – le présent article en est une Il est issu d’un travail de notre commission que j’ai mené avec un collègue à l’occasion du Printemps social de l’évaluation. Il faut bien comprendre que le sucre fait l’objet d’une addiction dès le plus jeune âge – on récompense les enfants par un bonbon ou une sucette – et qu’il n’est pas question d’une taxe comportementale, mais d’une incitation pour les industriels à moins sucrer leurs sodas, constitués d’eau, de gaz et de sucre, outre quelques éléments donnant un peu de goût. Ainsi, nos concitoyens souffriront moins de diabète et d’obésité. Cet article est très important et les industriels sont prêts : lorsque j’ai travaillé sur mon amendement, ils ne sont pas venus me voir pour me demander d’arrêter, car ils l’avaient déjà anticipé. Savez-vous que les sodas bus en France sont plus sucrés que ceux consommés d’autres pays ? Il existe pourtant une taxe sur le sucre comptant quatorze paliers. Nous proposons de réduire leur nombre à trois seulement. Lorsqu’ils ont agi en ce sens, les Britanniques ont constaté que les industriels réduisaient rapidement le sucre dans les sodas au lieu d’augmenter les prix. C’est ce que nous voulons et pour cela nous sommes obligés de passer par la loi. S’agissant du sel, savez-vous que les boulangers en ont baissé la teneur dans le pain, de leur propre initiative, depuis quelques années ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4598",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4598",
    "4599",
    "4600",
    "4601"
   ],
   "order": 4598,
   "text": "Le groupe La France insoumise s’opposera à la suppression de cet article, mais il n’est pas forcément à l’aise avec la manière dont le sujet est traité. Il est pris par le petit bout de la lorgnette, de façon expéditive, pendant quelques minutes vers vingt-trois heures trente, ce qui n’est satisfaisant pour personne. Il faudrait mener un véritable travail législatif. Nous nous interrogeons en effet sur trois points que nous voudrions régler convenablement Le premier concerne les taux autorisés. Nous sommes d’accord avec l’idée qu’il existe un danger en matière de santé publique, mais nous ne le sommes pas, dès lors, avec le fait de laisser en vente libre, ou sans taux maximal, certains produits dangereux. Au lieu de taxer, il faudrait fixer des taux maximaux de sucre dans l’alimentation transformée qui est en vente. Par ailleurs, il faudrait élaborer une politique nutritionnelle globale, mais le cadre dans lequel nous travaillons ne permet pas de le faire. Des articles prévoyant une taxation ne peuvent pas servir à fixer un horizon collectif. Nous serions pourtant d’accord sur beaucoup de points si nous pensions ensemble la nutrition, les calories et l’organisation de l’alimentation en général. Nos débats présentent une autre faiblesse : il est question d’augmenter les prix dans certains cas, par le biais des taxes, mais pas de les baisser pour les bons produits. Or il est compliqué de déconnecter ces deux aspects. Le Chili a au contraire augmenté les taxes sur les produits trop sucrés et réduit celles sur les produits peu sucrés. Nous devons faire en sorte que le résultat ne soit pas antiredistributif. C’est une condition sociale : il ne faut pas taper, par le biais de leurs dépenses de consommation, sur les milieux populaires.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 287,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4598",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N04231b4ab28e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] s’opposera à la suppression de cet article, mais il n’est pas forcément à l’aise avec la manière dont le sujet est traité. Il est pris par le petit bout de la lorgnette, de façon expéditive, pendant quelques minutes vers vingt-trois heures trente, ce qui n’est satisfaisant pour personne. Il faudrait mener un véritable travail législatif. Nous nous interrogeons en effet sur trois points que nous voudrions régler convenablement Le premier concerne les taux autorisés. Nous sommes d’accord avec l’idée qu’il existe un danger en matière de santé publique, mais nous ne le sommes pas, dès lors, avec le fait de laisser en vente libre, ou sans taux maximal, certains produits dangereux. Au lieu de taxer, il faudrait fixer des taux maximaux de sucre dans l’alimentation transformée qui est en vente. Par ailleurs, il faudrait élaborer une politique nutritionnelle globale, mais le cadre dans lequel nous travaillons ne permet pas de le faire. Des articles prévoyant une taxation ne peuvent pas servir à fixer un horizon collectif. Nous serions pourtant d’accord sur beaucoup de points si nous pensions ensemble la nutrition, les calories et l’organisation de l’alimentation en général. Nos débats présentent une autre faiblesse : il est question d’augmenter les prix dans certains cas, par le biais des taxes, mais pas de les baisser pour les bons produits. Or il est compliqué de déconnecter ces deux aspects. Le Chili a au contraire augmenté les taxes sur les produits trop sucrés et réduit celles sur les produits peu sucrés. Nous devons faire en sorte que le résultat ne soit pas antiredistributif. C’est une condition sociale : il ne faut pas taper, par le biais de leurs dépenses de consommation, sur les milieux populaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4602",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4602"
   ],
   "order": 4602,
   "text": "Merci, monsieur le rapporteur général, pour votre modération au sujet de cette taxe comportementale. Les politiques de santé publique reposant sur la taxation des produits, nous l’avons dit et redit en première lecture, ont des limites. C’est vrai pour le sucre, le tabac et l’alcool. Il est certain en revanche que les surtaxes pénalisent les agriculteurs, les filières, les entreprises et le pouvoir d’achat des Français",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4602",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N89b090e05500",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Merci, monsieur le rapporteur général, pour votre modération au sujet de cette taxe comportementale. Les politiques de santé publique reposant sur la taxation des produits, nous l’avons dit et redit en première lecture, ont des limites. C’est vrai pour le sucre, le tabac et l’alcool. Il est certain en revanche que les surtaxes pénalisent les agriculteurs, les filières, les entreprises et le pouvoir d’achat des Français"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4603",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4603",
    "4604",
    "4605"
   ],
   "order": 4603,
   "text": "Nous avions déposé des amendements allant dans le même sens que ceux de nos collègues Isaac-Sibille et Sebaihi afin que l’on puisse enfin parler de santé publique dans un PLFSS, même si je suis d’accord avec l’idée qu’il existe une dérive : je préférerais que l’ensemble des questions puissent être abordées dans le cadre d’une loi de santé publique Deuxième remarque : la taxe soda est passée mais, allez savoir comment et pourquoi, pas celle que nous demandions pour les sucres ajoutés dans l’industrie agroalimentaire, bien plus problématiques et massifs. Enfin, le cœur du sujet, c’est l’enjeu de santé publique et son coût médico-économique. Une canette de boisson sucrée contient l’équivalent de cinq à sept morceaux de sucre ; vous ne laisseriez pourtant jamais votre fille de 8 ans en manger autant d’affilée. Compte tenu des risques en matière notamment d’hygiène bucco-dentaire, de diabète et d’obésité, notre responsabilité est d’être dissuasifs – et d’en assumer les conséquences sur les filières.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS417 de M. Eddy Casterman, AS536 de M. Thomas Ménagé et AS554 de M. Olivier Fayssat",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 160,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4603",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N1af4f4012115",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avions déposé des amendements allant dans le même sens que ceux de nos collègues Isaac-Sibille et Sebaihi afin que l’on puisse enfin parler de santé publique dans un PLFSS, même si je suis d’accord avec l’idée qu’il existe une dérive : je préférerais que l’ensemble des questions puissent être abordées dans le cadre d’une loi de santé publique Deuxième remarque : la taxe soda est passée mais, allez savoir comment et pourquoi, pas celle que nous demandions pour les sucres ajoutés dans l’industrie agroalimentaire, bien plus problématiques et massifs. Enfin, le cœur du sujet, c’est l’enjeu de santé publique et son coût médico-économique. Une canette de boisson sucrée contient l’équivalent de cinq à sept morceaux de sucre ; vous ne laisseriez pourtant jamais votre fille de 8 ans en manger autant d’affilée. Compte tenu des risques en matière notamment d’hygiène bucco-dentaire, de diabète et d’obésité, notre responsabilité est d’être dissuasifs – et d’en assumer les conséquences sur les filières."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4608",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4608",
    "4609"
   ],
   "order": 4608,
   "text": "Je suis favorable à une légère augmentation du montant de la taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les boissons – qui rapportera de l’argent tout en étant bénéfique à la santé des Français –, mais je souhaiterais surtout que ce montant ne baisse pas comme le proposent certains collègues ; je retire donc mon amendement, en les invitant à faire de même L’amendement AS410 est retiré.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS410 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS492 de M. Eddy Casterman (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4608",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N791c343e48b3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis favorable à une légère augmentation du montant de la taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les boissons – qui rapportera de l’argent tout en étant bénéfique à la santé des Français –, mais je souhaiterais surtout que ce montant ne baisse pas comme le proposent certains collègues ; je retire donc mon amendement, en les invitant à faire de même L’amendement AS410 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840075",
   "speaker": "Eddy Casterman",
   "quality": "M. Eddy Casterman (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4610",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4610"
   ],
   "order": 4610,
   "text": "Cet amendement de repli vise à revenir à la hausse de la taxe adoptée par l’Assemblée en première lecture, les montants envisagés ensuite par les sénateurs étant sans commune mesure avec ce que le secteur est capable d’absorber. Il s’agit de défendre les betteraviers, notamment ceux de ma circonscription de l’Aisne",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS410 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS492 de M. Eddy Casterman (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4610",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nd962ab6a1410",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement de repli vise à revenir à la hausse de la taxe adoptée par l’Assemblée en première lecture, les montants envisagés ensuite par les sénateurs étant sans commune mesure avec ce que le secteur est capable d’absorber. Il s’agit de défendre les betteraviers, notamment ceux de ma circonscription de l’Aisne"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4611",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4611",
    "4612"
   ],
   "order": 4611,
   "text": "On pourrait s’inquiéter, en effet, des valeurs fixées par les sénateurs. Mais, en réalité, ils ont simplement corrigé une erreur de conversion : à 3,5 euros l’hectolitre, la taxe sur la première tranche actuelle aurait été inférieure à la moyenne des montants applicables aux anciennes tranches. Je vous concède néanmoins qu’ils ont arrondi à l’euro supérieur. Ils ont aussi fait le choix d’accroître l’écart entre les taxes sur les deuxième et troisième tranches, afin que le dispositif incite davantage les fabricants à abaisser les teneurs en sucre Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS410 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS492 de M. Eddy Casterman (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 94,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4611",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nd4626815f553",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "On pourrait s’inquiéter, en effet, des valeurs fixées par les sénateurs. Mais, en réalité, ils ont simplement corrigé une erreur de conversion : à 3,5 euros l’hectolitre, la taxe sur la première tranche actuelle aurait été inférieure à la moyenne des montants applicables aux anciennes tranches. Je vous concède néanmoins qu’ils ont arrondi à l’euro supérieur. Ils ont aussi fait le choix d’accroître l’écart entre les taxes sur les deuxième et troisième tranches, afin que le dispositif incite davantage les fabricants à abaisser les teneurs en sucre Je vous invite à retirer votre amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4615",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4615"
   ],
   "order": 4615,
   "text": "J’ai été frappé que le Sénat augmente la taxe sur les édulcorants. Notre objectif premier est de lutter contre le sucre et de faire en sorte que les industriels développent des boissons qui n’en contiennent pas. Les boissons avec édulcorants, pour lesquelles il existe un marché, sont déjà taxées depuis 2012. Je trouve contradictoire de vouloir augmenter sensiblement la taxe sur les sodas sans rendre plus attractif le prix des boissons alternatives aux boissons sucrées. J’irai même plus loin : il me semble qu’à terme, nous devrions inciter à la consommation de boissons sans sucres ajoutés",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendement AS10 de M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 96,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4615",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nf7ba9db7ee6a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai été frappé que le Sénat augmente la taxe sur les édulcorants. Notre objectif premier est de lutter contre le sucre et de faire en sorte que les industriels développent des boissons qui n’en contiennent pas. Les boissons avec édulcorants, pour lesquelles il existe un marché, sont déjà taxées depuis 2012. Je trouve contradictoire de vouloir augmenter sensiblement la taxe sur les sodas sans rendre plus attractif le prix des boissons alternatives aux boissons sucrées. J’irai même plus loin : il me semble qu’à terme, nous devrions inciter à la consommation de boissons sans sucres ajoutés"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4616",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4616",
    "4617",
    "4618"
   ],
   "order": 4616,
   "text": "Je ne suis pas d’accord. Ce qui importe, c’est la modération. S’il faut aussi agir sur la consommation de boissons édulcorées, c’est d’abord parce que des études récentes nous alertent sur les problèmes de santé qu’elles soulèvent : elles ne sont pas la panacée. En outre, la présence d’édulcorants dans une boisson est mentionnée sur l’étiquette, mais pas leur quantité. Un travail de l’exécutif sera d’ailleurs nécessaire pour rendre le texte opérationnel sur ce point ; j’ai déposé un amendement visant notamment à modifier le calendrier Pour l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), il n’existe pas d’élément probant autorisant à encourager, dans le cadre d’une politique de santé publique, le remplacement du sucre par les édulcorants. J’ajouterai que les édulcorants peuvent habituer les consommateurs – souvent des enfants – au goût sucré de l’alimentation, voire les en rendre dépendants. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendement AS10 de M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4616",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N1a9d125eed7b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis pas d’accord. Ce qui importe, c’est la modération. S’il faut aussi agir sur la consommation de boissons édulcorées, c’est d’abord parce que des études récentes nous alertent sur les problèmes de santé qu’elles soulèvent : elles ne sont pas la panacée. En outre, la présence d’édulcorants dans une boisson est mentionnée sur l’étiquette, mais pas leur quantité. Un travail de l’exécutif sera d’ailleurs nécessaire pour rendre le texte opérationnel sur ce point ; j’ai déposé un amendement visant notamment à modifier le calendrier Pour l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), il n’existe pas d’élément probant autorisant à encourager, dans le cadre d’une politique de santé publique, le remplacement du sucre par les édulcorants. J’ajouterai que les édulcorants peuvent habituer les consommateurs – souvent des enfants – au goût sucré de l’alimentation, voire les en rendre dépendants. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0869@2025-01-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0869",
   "date": "2025-01-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0869.html",
   "source_sha256": "8d6db98c8030370bb2ef24b4d9475a4eb93cf92b7a1fbd3653cc55a4fcf0a6e8",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4619",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4619"
   ],
   "order": 4619,
   "text": "Je partage l’avis du rapporteur général. Les édulcorants contribuent à l’addiction au sucre. En outre, des études soulignent leur impact sur la santé. Une étude de 2022 présentée sur le site de l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale montre que ces produits sont cancérigènes ; ils posent également des problèmes hormonaux. Nous ne pouvons donc pas nous lancer dans une politique publique qui viserait à remplacer le sucre par des édulcorants. Nous avons besoin de sucre, mais il faut en réduire la consommation, en mangeant des produits modérément sucrés, au lieu de la remplacer par la consommation d’édulcorants",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendement AS10 de M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Article 9 bis : Réforme du barème de la contribution sur les boissons contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p4578",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0869-p4619",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe196edc94c9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage l’avis du rapporteur général. Les édulcorants contribuent à l’addiction au sucre. En outre, des études soulignent leur impact sur la santé. Une étude de 2022 présentée sur le site de l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale montre que ces produits sont cancérigènes ; ils posent également des problèmes hormonaux. Nous ne pouvons donc pas nous lancer dans une politique publique qui viserait à remplacer le sucre par des édulcorants. Nous avons besoin de sucre, mais il faut en réduire la consommation, en mangeant des produits modérément sucrés, au lieu de la remplacer par la consommation d’édulcorants"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841657",
   "speaker": "Anaïs Belouassa-Cherifi",
   "quality": "Mme Anaïs Belouassa-Cherifi (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p338",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "338"
   ],
   "order": 338,
   "text": "Alors que les jeux Paralympiques étaient l’occasion inédite d’effleurer l’idéal d’une société inclusive, la première composition du gouvernement ne comptait pas de ministère dédié au handicap. Le PLF prévoit de raboter de 100 millions d’euros le budget de l’Association de gestion du fonds pour l’insertion professionnelle des personnes handicapées (Agefiph). En supprimant 20 % de son enveloppe, le Gouvernement menace des milliers d’accompagnements, de formations, de financements indispensables à l’emploi de 7 millions de personnes en situation de handicap, déjà confrontées à des contrats précaires, à des postes inadaptés et à des discriminations à l’embauche. Ces aides sont primordiales pour créer des activités et inciter les entreprises à respecter la loi de 1987 instaurant un quota d’embauche de 6 %, quand il n’est que de 4 %. L’Agefiph est un système vertueux et autofinancé. Qui plus est, les cotisations sociales qui proviennent des emplois pourvus grâce à l’Agefiph sont une source de financement pour la sécurité sociale. En créant l’Agefiph, l’objectif était le plein emploi pour les personnes en situation de handicap, au nom de leur autonomie. Le maintien de ce budget est primordial",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 184,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p338",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N0e8a389a7cc2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que les jeux Paralympiques étaient l’occasion inédite d’effleurer l’idéal d’une société inclusive, la première composition du gouvernement ne comptait pas de ministère dédié au handicap. Le PLF prévoit de raboter de 100 millions d’euros le budget de l’Association de gestion du fonds pour l’insertion professionnelle des personnes handicapées (Agefiph). En supprimant 20 % de son enveloppe, le Gouvernement menace des milliers d’accompagnements, de formations, de financements indispensables à l’emploi de 7 millions de personnes en situation de handicap, déjà confrontées à des contrats précaires, à des postes inadaptés et à des discriminations à l’embauche. Ces aides sont primordiales pour créer des activités et inciter les entreprises à respecter la loi de 1987 instaurant un quota d’embauche de 6 %, quand il n’est que de 4 %. L’Agefiph est un système vertueux et autofinancé. Qui plus est, les cotisations sociales qui proviennent des emplois pourvus grâce à l’Agefiph sont une source de financement pour la sécurité sociale. En créant l’Agefiph, l’objectif était le plein emploi pour les personnes en situation de handicap, au nom de leur autonomie. Le maintien de ce budget est primordial"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p339",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "339"
   ],
   "order": 339,
   "text": "Tous les jours, je reçois des témoignages alarmants : là où la médecine de ville disparaît, il ne reste plus que les centres hospitaliers pour les patients. Cet été, près de 80 % des services d’urgence – 174 exactement – n’ont pas pu fonctionner en continu. Les pompiers et les ambulanciers ont dû parcourir jusqu’à 400 kilomètres pour trouver un service ouvert. L’État doit agir ! Les communes n’ont d’autre choix que de prendre des arrêtés mettant en demeure l’État de respecter ses obligations d’accès aux soins. Or, l’Ondam pour 2025 est le plus austéritaire depuis la fin de la crise sanitaire. La Fédération hospitalière de France estime que le sous-objectif Établissements de santé doit bénéficier d’une évolution de 3,1 % et non du 0,2 % prévu. Quelle partie sera affectée à la rémunération et au recrutement de nouveaux personnels ? Vous envisagez l’augmentation du ticket modérateur alors que 40 % de la population renonce aux soins pour une raison financière, et vous accentuez la médecine à deux vitesses. Comment renforcer le service public de la santé plutôt que les cliniques qui coûtent plus cher à la sécurité sociale et donc à tous ? Pouvez-vous vous engager à ce que les situations de cet été ne se reproduisent pas ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 210,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p339",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N6946bc7daf82",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tous les jours, je reçois des témoignages alarmants : là où la médecine de ville disparaît, il ne reste plus que les centres hospitaliers pour les patients. Cet été, près de 80 % des services d’urgence – 174 exactement – n’ont pas pu fonctionner en continu. Les pompiers et les ambulanciers ont dû parcourir jusqu’à 400 kilomètres pour trouver un service ouvert. L’État doit agir ! Les communes n’ont d’autre choix que de prendre des arrêtés mettant en demeure l’État de respecter ses obligations d’accès aux soins. Or, l’Ondam pour 2025 est le plus austéritaire depuis la fin de la crise sanitaire. La Fédération hospitalière de France estime que le sous-objectif Établissements de santé doit bénéficier d’une évolution de 3,1 % et non du 0,2 % prévu. Quelle partie sera affectée à la rémunération et au recrutement de nouveaux personnels ? Vous envisagez l’augmentation du ticket modérateur alors que 40 % de la population renonce aux soins pour une raison financière, et vous accentuez la médecine à deux vitesses. Comment renforcer le service public de la santé plutôt que les cliniques qui coûtent plus cher à la sécurité sociale et donc à tous ? Pouvez-vous vous engager à ce que les situations de cet été ne se reproduisent pas ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719914",
   "speaker": "Geneviève Darrieussecq",
   "quality": "Mme Geneviève Darrieussecq, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p340",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "340",
    "341",
    "342",
    "343",
    "344",
    "345"
   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "Madame Vidal, un travail est en cours sur la question que vous soulevez, dont les conclusions sont attendues en 2025 Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, même si elles sont peu visibles, il y a bien de nouvelles mesures de prévention. Les ARS disposent de 10 % de plus dans le FIR pour financer des actions spécifiques locales. Nous discuterons des taxes comportementales, notamment sur le sucre transformé, un poison à l’origine de nombreux cas de diabète secondaire. Monsieur Bentz et madame Amiot, l’accès aux soins doit s’organiser territorialement en reposant notamment sur les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé. Les services d’accès aux soins sont, à cette fin, d’une grande aide. Il faut se défaire de l’idée que l’accès aux soins se résume à l’hôpital. Les personnes ont avant tout besoin d’avoir comme interlocuteur un médecin ou un infirmier. L’hôpital devrait être réservé aux urgences et aux maladies graves. C’est vers cette épure que doit tendre notre organisation, même si c’est loin d’être simple dans la mesure où certains territoires manquent de médecins. Aussi devons-nous former plus d’infirmiers en pratique avancée et des médecins. Jusqu’en 2030, il faudra faire le dos rond et compter sur des organisations territoriales qui, malgré leur fragilité apparente, sont en réalité très utiles, comme me l’ont prouvé des exemples dans la Creuse ou dans des villes moyennes. Il faut aider et financer ces initiatives. Les ARS doivent être à l’écoute du terrain, le plus à même de construire un système adéquat. Madame Mélin, nous n’allons évidemment pas mettre fin au système conventionnel auquel je suis très attachée. Les tarifs opposables protègent l’accès aux soins. Mais nous devons rester vigilants. Les profits des cabinets de radiologie et de biologie n’ont pas à alimenter des fonds d’investissement. Veillons aussi au bon niveau de prescription des examens ! Madame Bamana, je suis avec beaucoup d’attention la situation à Mayotte. Face à la pénurie de soignants, un mouvement de solidarité nationale a permis de faire venir pendant quelques mois des médecins d’Europe ou de La Réunion. Tout cela demeure néanmoins fragile. Nous en parlerons ensemble. Même si je serai très attentive à la sécurité sanitaire et à la couverture de santé à Mayotte, je ne ferai pas de miracle. Il y a besoin d’une réponse cousue main. Il faut y rendre les métiers médicaux attractifs. Monsieur Bernhardt, la recherche doit en effet représenter un pan important des investissements en santé, en collaboration avec le ministère de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. Quant à la phagothérapie, je me renseignerai.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 416,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p340",
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   "annotation_id": "N62c2f717a913",
   "r": "R",
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   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Vidal, un travail est en cours sur la question que vous soulevez, dont les conclusions sont attendues en 2025 Monsieur Isaac-Sibille, même si elles sont peu visibles, il y a bien de nouvelles mesures de prévention. Les ARS disposent de 10 % de plus dans le FIR pour financer des actions spécifiques locales. Nous discuterons des taxes comportementales, notamment sur le sucre transformé, un poison à l’origine de nombreux cas de diabète secondaire. Monsieur Bentz et madame Amiot, l’accès aux soins doit s’organiser territorialement en reposant notamment sur les communautés professionnelles territoriales de santé. Les services d’accès aux soins sont, à cette fin, d’une grande aide. Il faut se défaire de l’idée que l’accès aux soins se résume à l’hôpital. Les personnes ont avant tout besoin d’avoir comme interlocuteur un médecin ou un infirmier. L’hôpital devrait être réservé aux urgences et aux maladies graves. C’est vers cette épure que doit tendre notre organisation, même si c’est loin"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p346",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "347",
    "348"
   ],
   "order": 346,
   "text": "Madame Vidal, je n’ai pas pu vous répondre lors de la séance des questions au Gouvernement puisque j’étais au Sénat pour la proposition de loi pour améliorer la prise en charge de la sclérose latérale amyotrophique et d’autres maladies évolutives graves. Concernant la sous-exécution de l’objectif global de dépenses (OGD) Personnes âgées de 2024, j’attends une circulaire budgétaire. Elle permettra de donner des moyens aux services de soins infirmiers à domicile et de préparer la fusion des sections. Par ailleurs, les aides à la mobilité ne sont pas reprises dans l’OGD, dans la mesure où elles relèvent des départements. De la même façon, étant donné qu’il s’agit d’un concours de la Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l’autonomie, le SPDA n’est pas repris dans l’OGD. Les travaux du ministère sur la carte professionnelle sont proches de leur aboutissement Monsieur Le Gac, 66 % des Ehpad sont déficitaires. Nous pouvons nous poser des questions sur leur modèle économique, qui dépassent celle du concours de l’État, qui a augmenté de 50 % depuis 2019. Madame Belouassa-Cherifi, l’Agefiph est financée par une taxe payée par les entreprises ne respectant pas le taux de 6 % de salariés en situation de handicap. En réalité, les 50 millions d’euros pris sur le budget de l’Agefiph seront reversés aux entreprises adaptées par le biais du PLF. Ce n’est pas tant ce mouvement de tuyauterie qui fait débat qu’une ambiguïté laissant croire que plus de 50 millions d’euros seront concernés. Le Gouvernement déposera un amendement pour fixer ce montant.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
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   "article": "Après l’article 32",
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   "analysis_text": "Madame Vidal, je n’ai pas pu vous répondre lors de la séance des questions au Gouvernement puisque j’étais au Sénat pour la proposition de loi pour améliorer la prise en charge de la sclérose latérale amyotrophique et d’autres maladies évolutives graves. Concernant la sous-exécution de l’objectif global de dépenses (OGD) Personnes âgées de 2024, j’attends une circulaire budgétaire. Elle permettra de donner des moyens aux services de soins infirmiers à domicile et de préparer la fusion des sections. Par ailleurs, les aides à la mobilité ne sont pas reprises dans l’OGD, dans la mesure où elles relèvent des départements. De la même façon, étant donné qu’il s’agit d’un concours de la Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l’autonomie, le SPDA n’est pas repris dans l’OGD. Les travaux du ministère sur la carte professionnelle sont proches de leur aboutissement Monsieur Le Gac, 66 % des Ehpad sont déficitaires. Nous pouvons nous poser des questions sur leur modèle économique, qui dépassent celle du concours de l’État, qui a augmenté de 50 % depuis 2019. Madame Belouassa-Cherifi, l’Agefiph est financée par une taxe payée par les entreprises ne respectant pas le taux de 6 % de salariés en situation de handicap. En réalité, les 50 millions d’euros pris sur le budget de l’Agefiph seront reversés aux entreprises adaptées par le biais du PLF. Ce n’est pas tant ce mouvement de tuyauterie qui fait débat qu’une ambiguïté laissant croire que plus de 50 millions d’euros seront concernés. Le Gouvernement déposera un amendement pour fixer ce montant."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795050",
   "speaker": "Astrid Panosyan-Bouvet",
   "quality": "Mme Astrid Panosyan-Bouvet, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
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   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p349",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "349",
    "350",
    "351",
    "352",
    "353"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "Messieurs Le Gac, Clouet et Dussausaye, l’effort fourni pour l’apprentissage s’élève à 15 milliards d’euros – 4 milliards d’euros d’aides aux employeurs, 10 milliards d’euros pour financer la formation et les centres de formation d’apprentis et 1 milliard d’euros concernant les exonérations. Assurément, nous devrons réfléchir ensemble afin d’améliorer la qualité de la formation Concernant les aides à destination des employeurs, nous sommes en train de consulter les organisations patronales et syndicales interprofessionnelles ainsi que des formations de professionnels – la Confédération de l’artisanat et des petites entreprises du bâtiment, par exemple. Il nous faudra prendre des décisions rapidement pour que les entreprises soient en mesure d’anticiper. S’agissant du profil des apprentis, il faut avoir en tête qu’un tiers de ceux qui ont pu mener des études jusqu’au master l’ont fait grâce à l’apprentissage. Cela permet aussi aux TPE et PME d’accéder à ce type de compétences, favorables à leur montée en gamme. Les apprentis de niveau 7 montrent également que l’apprentissage n’est pas une voie de garage mais qu’il peut être prestigieux, quel que soit le niveau de qualification. Chacune des options présente des avantages et des inconvénients. Messieurs Guedj et Clouet, nous examinons la question de la fin des exonérations avec une grande vigilance. Pour éviter que les apprentis rémunérés selon un barème minimum subissent une perte de salaire net, nous allons relever ce barème malgré les inconvénients pour l’employeur. Nous voulons limiter le plus possible l’effet de la réforme pour rendre l’apprentissage attractif aussi bien pour le jeune que pour l’entreprise. Monsieur Califer, le sujet des exonérations outre-mer est renvoyé à une ordonnance afin de laisser le temps de la concertation, en particulier avec les parlementaires concernés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
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   "inclusion": "contexte",
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   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p349",
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   "annotation_id": "N185b1f6c2bb1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Messieurs Le Gac, Clouet et Dussausaye, l’effort fourni pour l’apprentissage s’élève à 15 milliards d’euros – 4 milliards d’euros d’aides aux employeurs, 10 milliards d’euros pour financer la formation et les centres de formation d’apprentis et 1 milliard d’euros concernant les exonérations. Assurément, nous devrons réfléchir ensemble afin d’améliorer la qualité de la formation Concernant les aides à destination des employeurs, nous sommes en train de consulter les organisations patronales et syndicales interprofessionnelles ainsi que des formations de professionnels – la Confédération de l’artisanat et des petites entreprises du bâtiment, par exemple. Il nous faudra prendre des décisions rapidement pour que les entreprises soient en mesure d’anticiper. S’agissant du profil des apprentis, il faut avoir en tête qu’un tiers de ceux qui ont pu mener des études jusqu’au master l’ont fait grâce à l’apprentissage. Cela permet aussi aux TPE et PME d’accéder à ce type de compétences, favorables à leur montée en gamme. Les apprentis de niveau 7 montrent également que l’apprentissage n’est pas une voie de garage mais qu’il peut être prestigieux, quel que soit le niveau de qualification. Chacune des options présente des avantages et des inconvénients. Messieurs Guedj et Clouet, nous examinons la question de la fin des exonérations avec une grande vigilance. Pour éviter que les apprentis rémunérés selon un barème minimum subissent une perte de salaire net, nous allons relever ce barème malgré les inconvénients pour l’employeur. Nous voulons limiter le plus possible l’effet de la réforme pour rendre l’apprentissage attractif aussi bien pour le jeune que pour l’entreprise. Monsieur Califer, le sujet des exonérations outre-mer est renvoyé à une ordonnance afin de laisser le temps de la concertation, en particulier avec les parlementaires concernés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p413",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "413",
    "414",
    "415",
    "416"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "Cet article est une obligation de la loi organique. Le supprimer n’effacera pas la photographie mais rendra ce budget inconstitutionnel. J’en appelle à la responsabilité de chacun Monsieur Guedj, cet article ne dégrade pas le déficit de la sécurité sociale : il ne fait que constater l’état des dernières prévisions, qui sont en effet alarmantes. Monsieur Maillot, vous avez raison : on ne peut pas parler d’équilibre général avec un déficit de 18 milliards. Mais ce n’est pas en supprimant l’article que la situation changera. Monsieur Clouet, les recettes augmentent certes moins vite que les dépenses – 4,2 % et 5,3 % respectivement –, mais je rappelle que ces dernières sont largement tirées par la revalorisation des pensions de retraite, qui représente un coût supplémentaire de 13 milliards d’euros en 2024. Cet écart s’explique par des recettes fiscales moins élevées – de 4,5 milliards – qu’anticipées, mais supprimer l’article n’effacera pas l’ardoise.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS2 de M. Jérôme Guedj, AS511 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS512 de Mme Karine Lebon et AS784 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 152,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
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   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p413",
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   "annotation_id": "N538656a74113",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article est une obligation de la loi organique. Le supprimer n’effacera pas la photographie mais rendra ce budget inconstitutionnel. J’en appelle à la responsabilité de chacun Monsieur Guedj, cet article ne dégrade pas le déficit de la sécurité sociale : il ne fait que constater l’état des dernières prévisions, qui sont en effet alarmantes. Monsieur Maillot, vous avez raison : on ne peut pas parler d’équilibre général avec un déficit de 18 milliards. Mais ce n’est pas en supprimant l’article que la situation changera. Monsieur Clouet, les recettes augmentent certes moins vite que les dépenses – 4,2 % et 5,3 % respectivement –, mais je rappelle que ces dernières sont largement tirées par la revalorisation des pensions de retraite, qui représente un coût supplémentaire de 13 milliards d’euros en 2024. Cet écart s’explique par des recettes fiscales moins élevées – de 4,5 milliards – qu’anticipées, mais supprimer l’article n’effacera pas l’ardoise."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
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   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p417",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "417",
    "418"
   ],
   "order": 417,
   "text": "Nous attendions les chiffres rectifiant les prévisions et certains d’entre nous demandaient même un PLFSS rectificatif (PLFRSS). Cette rectification est indispensable pour y voir plus clair. Je m’oppose donc à la suppression de l’article, d’autant qu’elle nous empêcherait de débattre de ces chiffres Monsieur Monnet, je suis d’accord avec vous : la protection sociale n’est pas là pour rembourser la dette, mais l’absence d’équilibre menace la solidarité intergénérationnelle, qui est un des fondements de la sécurité sociale, avec l’universalité de la politique familiale. La crise de la natalité oblige le Gouvernement à porter son attention sur les besoins des familles avec des enfants à charge, d’autant que le pouvoir d’achat est en baisse. C’est le sens de plusieurs de nos amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS2 de M. Jérôme Guedj, AS511 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS512 de Mme Karine Lebon et AS784 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p417",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N9f4e1d6f951b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous attendions les chiffres rectifiant les prévisions et certains d’entre nous demandaient même un PLFSS rectificatif (PLFRSS). Cette rectification est indispensable pour y voir plus clair. Je m’oppose donc à la suppression de l’article, d’autant qu’elle nous empêcherait de débattre de ces chiffres Monsieur Monnet, je suis d’accord avec vous : la protection sociale n’est pas là pour rembourser la dette, mais l’absence d’équilibre menace la solidarité intergénérationnelle, qui est un des fondements de la sécurité sociale, avec l’universalité de la politique familiale. La crise de la natalité oblige le Gouvernement à porter son attention sur les besoins des familles avec des enfants à charge, d’autant que le pouvoir d’achat est en baisse. C’est le sens de plusieurs de nos amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "419",
    "420",
    "421"
   ],
   "order": 419,
   "text": "Que l’on souhaite ou non supprimer cet article, son examen est l’occasion de débattre des choix politiques du Gouvernement et d’en faire le bilan. Ce tableau rectifié des dépenses relatives à 2024 est instructif, car il indique que l’accroissement du déficit des comptes de la sécurité sociale devrait atteindre 18 milliards d’euros, en raison de recettes moins importantes que prévu. Hadrien Clouet l’a dit, cette situation est évidemment l’échec de votre politique. Alors que le Gouvernement communique toujours sur la nécessité de réduire les dépenses, cette année, nous nous attarderons surtout sur la dynamique des recettes sur laquelle nous allons agir car les politiques macroéconomiques ne tombent pas du ciel Plus précisément, il sera question de revenir sur les exonérations de cotisations sociales. Je me félicite que l’article 6 du PLFSS ouvre cette perspective, qui pourrait nous permettre de dégager entre 12 et 13 milliards d’euros. De la même manière, la hausse de la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) sur les revenus du capital pourrait rapporter 3 milliards. Il en serait ainsi également de la hausse de certaines taxes sur les produits sucrés, le tabac et l’alcool qui conjuguerait politique de prévention et augmentation des recettes. Toutes ces pistes nous permettraient de réaliser ces 18 milliards d’euros d’économies dont nous avons besoin pour rétablir l’équilibre des comptes. Certes, il n’est pas interdit de réfléchir à l’évolution des dépenses mais, en l’espèce, le tableau d’équilibre ne tient pas compte de notre système hybride, au sein duquel on demande beaucoup d’efforts au secteur public, mais sans se pencher véritablement sur le secteur privé, qui est parfois à but lucratif. Il conviendrait en effet de questionner l’évolution des dépenses et des profits de l’industrie pharmaceutique, des cliniques privées – particulièrement celles dispensant des soins de psychiatrie, car il y a là un scandale – et des différents secteurs de la médecine libérale de ville.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS2 de M. Jérôme Guedj, AS511 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS512 de Mme Karine Lebon et AS784 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 310,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p419",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nafa07c8bca59",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Que l’on souhaite ou non supprimer cet article, son examen est l’occasion de débattre des choix politiques du Gouvernement et d’en faire le bilan. Ce tableau rectifié des dépenses relatives à 2024 est instructif, car il indique que l’accroissement du déficit des comptes de la sécurité sociale devrait atteindre 18 milliards d’euros, en raison de recettes moins importantes que prévu. [PERSONNE] l’a dit, cette situation est évidemment l’échec de votre politique. Alors que le Gouvernement communique toujours sur la nécessité de réduire les dépenses, cette année, nous nous attarderons surtout sur la dynamique des recettes sur laquelle nous allons agir car les politiques macroéconomiques ne tombent pas du ciel Plus précisément, il sera question de revenir sur les exonérations de cotisations sociales. Je me félicite que l’article 6 du PLFSS ouvre cette perspective, qui pourrait nous permettre de dégager entre 12 et 13 milliards d’euros. De la même manière, la hausse de la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) sur les revenus du capital pourrait rapporter 3 milliards. Il en serait ainsi également de la hausse de certaines taxes sur les produits sucrés, le tabac et l’alcool qui conjuguerait politique de prévention et augmentation des recettes. Toutes ces pistes nous permettraient de réaliser ces 18 milliards d’euros d’économies dont nous avons besoin pour rétablir l’équilibre des comptes. Certes, il n’est pas interdit de réfléchir à l’évolution des dépenses mais, en l’espèce, le tableau d’équilibre ne tient pas compte de notre système hybride, au sein duquel on demande beaucoup d’efforts au secteur public, mais sans se pencher véritablement sur le secteur privé, qui est parfois à but lucratif. Il conviendrait en effet de questionner l’évolution des dépenses et des profits de l’industrie pharmaceutique, des cliniques privées – particulièrement celles dispensant des soins de psychiatrie, car il y a là un scandale – et des différents secteurs de la médecine libérale de ville."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p422",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "422",
    "423",
    "424"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "À la lecture de ce PLFSS 2025, on se demande où l’on va. Et, surtout, comment en sommes-nous arrivés là ? Ceux qui ont applaudi à tout rompre les 49.3 sur les PLFSS successifs sont bien silencieux. Collègues macronistes, l’état financier dans lequel se trouve le pays relève tout de même de votre responsabilité. Vous qui prôniez la politique de l’offre et souteniez qu’en supprimant le maximum de taxes et de cotisations, on stimulerait la croissance et on ferait le plein de recettes, regardez donc où nous en sommes ! Cela n’a pas fonctionné. Et les propositions faites pour l’année prochaine ne me donnent pas l’impression d’un changement de direction. Le gouvernement Barnier ressemble à un poulet sans tête qui continue d’avancer sans savoir où il va, alors qu’on sait que c’est dans le mur ! Tous les collègues l’ont dit avant moi, les recettes constituent le cœur du problème, Quelles dépenses pourraient être encore supprimées pour faire des économies ? Je ne fais pas un déplacement dans le pays sans que les gens me disent qu’ils tirent la langue. On ne peut plus toucher aux dépenses. Et on peut d’autant moins se le permettre que cela ralentirait l’activité économique, porterait atteinte à la croissance, et diminuerait les recettes. Voilà la situation dans laquelle nous sommes. Dans ces conditions, bien sûr que nous allons supprimer cet article. Ni les macronistes, ni Les Républicains ne sont en mesure de proposer une politique alternative qui ne nous emmènerait pas dans le mur. Nous chercherons donc à tout supprimer jusqu’à avoir un gouvernement dirigé par le Nouveau Front populaire pour enclencher une autre dynamique. (Exclamations.)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS2 de M. Jérôme Guedj, AS511 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS512 de Mme Karine Lebon et AS784 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 272,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p422",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nef15e2c6fd9c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À la lecture de ce PLFSS 2025, on se demande où l’on va. Et, surtout, comment en sommes-nous arrivés là ? Ceux qui ont applaudi à tout rompre les 49.3 sur les PLFSS successifs sont bien silencieux. Collègues macronistes, l’état financier dans lequel se trouve le pays relève tout de même de votre responsabilité. Vous qui prôniez la politique de l’offre et souteniez qu’en supprimant le maximum de taxes et de cotisations, on stimulerait la croissance et on ferait le plein de recettes, regardez donc où nous en sommes ! Cela n’a pas fonctionné. Et les propositions faites pour l’année prochaine ne me donnent pas l’impression d’un changement de direction. Le gouvernement Barnier ressemble à un poulet sans tête qui continue d’avancer sans savoir où il va, alors qu’on sait que c’est dans le mur ! Tous les collègues l’ont dit avant moi, les recettes constituent le cœur du problème, Quelles dépenses pourraient être encore supprimées pour faire des économies ? Je ne fais pas un déplacement dans le pays sans que les gens me disent qu’ils tirent la langue. On ne peut plus toucher aux dépenses. Et on peut d’autant moins se le permettre que cela ralentirait l’activité économique, porterait atteinte à la croissance, et diminuerait les recettes. Voilà la situation dans laquelle nous sommes. Dans ces conditions, bien sûr que nous allons supprimer cet article. Ni les macronistes, ni [GROUPE] ne sont en mesure de proposer une politique alternative qui ne nous emmènerait pas dans le mur. Nous chercherons donc à tout supprimer jusqu’à avoir un gouvernement dirigé par le Nouveau Front populaire pour enclencher une autre dynamique. (Exclamations.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p425",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "425",
    "426",
    "427"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "Je sais bien que la loi organique prévoit la présentation, à l’article 1er du PLFSS, d’un tableau d’équilibre, mais le terme est tout à fait usurpé. La loi de financement de la sécurité sociale promulguée en décembre 2023 prévoyait un solde négatif de 8,7 milliards d’euros. Après rectification – quoique sans projet PLFRSS –, ce solde atteint désormais 18 milliards. Un écart pareil est inacceptable ! Comment peut-on admettre un nouvel équilibre avec de telles imprévisions, s’agissant aussi bien des dépenses que des recettes ? Je rappelle aussi qu’en 2010, l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale avait été autorisée à emprunter 13 milliards d’euros. L’année prochaine – nous allons y venir –, nous en serons à 65 milliards. En Europe, seule la France permet à son agence de contracter des emprunts. Et quand le plafond est atteint, on crée du déficit, qu’on envoie ensuite à la Cades. Il faut vraiment revoir les choses. Je reconnais qu’il était compliqué, en deux ou trois semaines, de proposer quelque chose de nouveau qui soit à même de mettre hors de danger nos comptes sociaux, mais nous sommes très loin du compte. Nous prendrons donc les décisions qui s’imposent au regard de l’insincérité, ou du moins de l’approximation des chiffres.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS2 de M. Jérôme Guedj, AS511 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS512 de Mme Karine Lebon et AS784 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Après l’article 32",
   "article_id": "p100",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 207,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p425",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Ne0fedd52a393",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je sais bien que la loi organique prévoit la présentation, à l’article 1er du PLFSS, d’un tableau d’équilibre, mais le terme est tout à fait usurpé. La loi de financement de la sécurité sociale promulguée en décembre 2023 prévoyait un solde négatif de 8,7 milliards d’euros. Après rectification – quoique sans projet PLFRSS –, ce solde atteint désormais 18 milliards. Un écart pareil est inacceptable ! Comment peut-on admettre un nouvel équilibre avec de telles imprévisions, s’agissant aussi bien des dépenses que des recettes ? Je rappelle aussi qu’en 2010, l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale avait été autorisée à emprunter 13 milliards d’euros. L’année prochaine – nous allons y venir –, nous en serons à 65 milliards. En Europe, seule la France permet à son agence de contracter des emprunts. Et quand le plafond est atteint, on crée du déficit, qu’on envoie ensuite à la Cades. Il faut vraiment revoir les choses. Je reconnais qu’il était compliqué, en deux ou trois semaines, de proposer quelque chose de nouveau qui soit à même de mettre hors de danger nos comptes sociaux, mais nous sommes très loin du compte. Nous prendrons donc les décisions qui s’imposent au regard de l’insincérité, ou du moins de l’approximation des chiffres."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1772",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1772",
    "1773"
   ],
   "order": 1772,
   "text": "Les bières aromatisées sucrées ou édulcorées produites par les industriels de la bière ont majoritairement pour cible les 18-25 ans, mais peuvent également attirer les personnes mineures. Ces boissons associent un goût agréable qui peut faire oublier qu’il s’agit d’alcool et un packaging conçu pour attirer l’œil des jeunes consommateurs. Ces bières, qui ne sont pas très chères, font des ravages et elles jouent un rôle important dans l’alcoolisation des jeunes, qui en consomment beaucoup Mon amendement, de prévention, vise donc à les taxer et à flécher les recettes correspondantes vers la Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie (Cnam).",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1772",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N8cee35db50b3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les bières aromatisées sucrées ou édulcorées produites par les industriels de la bière ont majoritairement pour cible les 18-25 ans, mais peuvent également attirer les personnes mineures. Ces boissons associent un goût agréable qui peut faire oublier qu’il s’agit d’alcool et un packaging conçu pour attirer l’œil des jeunes consommateurs. Ces bières, qui ne sont pas très chères, font des ravages et elles jouent un rôle important dans l’alcoolisation des jeunes, qui en consomment beaucoup Mon amendement, de prévention, vise donc à les taxer et à flécher les recettes correspondantes vers la Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie (Cnam)."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1774",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1774"
   ],
   "order": 1774,
   "text": "De nombreuses études montrent que la santé mentale de nos jeunes se dégrade, 30 % d’entre eux consommant des psychotropes et déclarant qu’ils ne se sentent pas bien dans leur peau. Ces bières nouvelles alcoolisées et aromatisées ont pour particularité de favoriser un passage rapide de l’alcool dans le sang. Dans le cadre de la prévention et du plan de santé mentale annoncé par le Premier ministre, une taxe comportementale permettrait à la fois de développer une pédagogie pour éviter l’achat et la consommation de ces bières, et d’inciter les fabricants à limiter leur production. Cette démarche pourrait aussi alimenter les caisses de la sécurité sociale",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 106,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1774",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nd259fee99be2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "De nombreuses études montrent que la santé mentale de nos jeunes se dégrade, 30 % d’entre eux consommant des psychotropes et déclarant qu’ils ne se sentent pas bien dans leur peau. Ces bières nouvelles alcoolisées et aromatisées ont pour particularité de favoriser un passage rapide de l’alcool dans le sang. Dans le cadre de la prévention et du plan de santé mentale annoncé par le Premier ministre, une taxe comportementale permettrait à la fois de développer une pédagogie pour éviter l’achat et la consommation de ces bières, et d’inciter les fabricants à limiter leur production. Cette démarche pourrait aussi alimenter les caisses de la sécurité sociale"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1775",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1775",
    "1776"
   ],
   "order": 1775,
   "text": "Les amendements consacrés au tabac, à l’alcool, aux sodas et au sucre posent la question d’une fiscalité comportementale. Notre préoccupation à tous est d’abord la santé publique, car chacune des pathologies associées à la consommation de ces produits a un impact massif sur la santé de nos concitoyens et, conséquemment, sur les finances de la sécurité sociale, dont nous avons la responsabilité Cette commission peut faire œuvre utile en sortant de la logique à courte vue, légitime à certains égards, de la défense d’un secteur – de fait, nous avons tous reçu de nombreuses sollicitations en ce sens. L’année dernière, notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille avait, dans le cadre du Printemps social de l’évaluation, passé en revue l’ensemble des questions liées à la fiscalité comportementale. Notre commission avait alors jugé important d’avancer dans ce domaine et nombre des amendements ici présentés sont la conséquence du rapport présenté par notre collègue au titre de la Mission d’évaluation et de contrôle des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale (Mecss). Soyons audacieux aussi pour les recettes de la sécurité sociale, même si ce n’est pas la principale porte d’entrée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 186,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1775",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N1c9011e49b4d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les amendements consacrés au tabac, à l’alcool, aux sodas et au sucre posent la question d’une fiscalité comportementale. Notre préoccupation à tous est d’abord la santé publique, car chacune des pathologies associées à la consommation de ces produits a un impact massif sur la santé de nos concitoyens et, conséquemment, sur les finances de la sécurité sociale, dont nous avons la responsabilité Cette commission peut faire œuvre utile en sortant de la logique à courte vue, légitime à certains égards, de la défense d’un secteur – de fait, nous avons tous reçu de nombreuses sollicitations en ce sens. L’année dernière, notre collègue [PERSONNE] avait, dans le cadre du Printemps social de l’évaluation, passé en revue l’ensemble des questions liées à la fiscalité comportementale. Notre commission avait alors jugé important d’avancer dans ce domaine et nombre des amendements ici présentés sont la conséquence du rapport présenté par notre collègue au titre de la Mission d’évaluation et de contrôle des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale (Mecss). Soyons audacieux aussi pour les recettes de la sécurité sociale, même si ce n’est pas la principale porte d’entrée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder, rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1778",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1778",
    "1779"
   ],
   "order": 1778,
   "text": "Le fléau de l’alcool, notamment chez les jeunes, est une importante source de préoccupation, avec une mortalité de l’ordre de 50 000 morts par an. L’article 1613 bis du code général des impôts prévoit déjà une taxation des boissons dites « premix », mélangeant des boissons alcoolisées et non alcoolisées En l’état de la discussion, je ne peux émettre d’avis favorable à ces amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1778",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N76be7946977f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le fléau de l’alcool, notamment chez les jeunes, est une importante source de préoccupation, avec une mortalité de l’ordre de 50 000 morts par an. L’article 1613 bis du code général des impôts prévoit déjà une taxation des boissons dites « premix », mélangeant des boissons alcoolisées et non alcoolisées En l’état de la discussion, je ne peux émettre d’avis favorable à ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1780",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1780",
    "1781"
   ],
   "order": 1780,
   "text": "Ces boissons sont bel et bien déjà taxées et, du reste, la branche maladie de la Mutualité sociale agricole, perçoit plus de 400 millions d’euros à ce titre, à quoi s’ajoutent encore 100 millions par an pour la taxe sur les boissons édulcorées, ce qui n’est pas rien. L’augmentation de cette taxe aura-t-elle l’effet préventif escompté sur le public visé, sans induire un report vers d’autres consommations, peut-être plus dangereuses ou plus néfastes ? Certaines taxes ont favorisé la consommation de boissons non alcoolisées, mais très sucrées. Nous devons donc être attentifs aux effets de bord dans les comportements Quant à l’évolution de la taxe, elle n’a pas le même impact sur les très grandes entreprises et sur les TPE artisanales, notamment les brasseries artisanales, qui font d’ailleurs parfois une prévention très efficace de la consommation d’alcool associée à la conduite auprès des personnes participant à des dégustations. Il faut examiner plus finement la question. En l’état, je suis défavorable à ces amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 163,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1780",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N509d8ba3427f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ces boissons sont bel et bien déjà taxées et, du reste, la branche maladie de la Mutualité sociale agricole, perçoit plus de 400 millions d’euros à ce titre, à quoi s’ajoutent encore 100 millions par an pour la taxe sur les boissons édulcorées, ce qui n’est pas rien. L’augmentation de cette taxe aura-t-elle l’effet préventif escompté sur le public visé, sans induire un report vers d’autres consommations, peut-être plus dangereuses ou plus néfastes ? Certaines taxes ont favorisé la consommation de boissons non alcoolisées, mais très sucrées. Nous devons donc être attentifs aux effets de bord dans les comportements Quant à l’évolution de la taxe, elle n’a pas le même impact sur les très grandes entreprises et sur les TPE artisanales, notamment les brasseries artisanales, qui font d’ailleurs parfois une prévention très efficace de la consommation d’alcool associée à la conduite auprès des personnes participant à des dégustations. Il faut examiner plus finement la question. En l’état, je suis défavorable à ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1782",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1782",
    "1783"
   ],
   "order": 1782,
   "text": "Nous devons, bien sûr, avoir une discussion sur l’aspect fiscal de la lutte contre des substances dont on estime que la consommation, à diverses doses, est un danger individuel et collectif. Le rapport à l’alcool se joue certes sur les prix, mais aussi – voire surtout – dans les têtes, en fonction de l’image sociale du produit. Voilà peu encore, une présentatrice a pu déclarer à une heure de grande écoute sur une chaîne de télévision du service public que les gens qui ne buvaient pas étaient « chiants ». Si on veut infléchir la consommation d’alcool, il faut mener une action sur les normes, en combattant les idées reçues, en diffusant des connaissances scientifiquement validées sur les effets de l’alcool, afin que les gens sachent ce qu’ils consomment. Il faut aussi une politique de sensibilisation de la population. C’est ce qui permet d’agir, dans les têtes, sur le désir de consommation Il en découle une action sur le marché, qui ne peut pas être seulement une action prix. Elle implique de jouer également sur les restrictions d’accès à l’alcool, sur la disponibilité dans différents espaces d’achat, et d’agir aussi en matière de publicité, avec des restrictions et des pénalités. Il faut, en fait, des restrictions globales sur le plan du marketing, face à la contradiction qui fait que de grands secteurs économiques vivent de l’incitation à la consommation d’alcool. Nous ne devons donc pas agir seulement du côté du consommateur, mais aussi de ceux qui produisent le message.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 249,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1782",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N82490c60ea62",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous devons, bien sûr, avoir une discussion sur l’aspect fiscal de la lutte contre des substances dont on estime que la consommation, à diverses doses, est un danger individuel et collectif. Le rapport à l’alcool se joue certes sur les prix, mais aussi – voire surtout – dans les têtes, en fonction de l’image sociale du produit. Voilà peu encore, une présentatrice a pu déclarer à une heure de grande écoute sur une chaîne de télévision du service public que les gens qui ne buvaient pas étaient « chiants ». Si on veut infléchir la consommation d’alcool, il faut mener une action sur les normes, en combattant les idées reçues, en diffusant des connaissances scientifiquement validées sur les effets de l’alcool, afin que les gens sachent ce qu’ils consomment. Il faut aussi une politique de sensibilisation de la population. C’est ce qui permet d’agir, dans les têtes, sur le désir de consommation Il en découle une action sur le marché, qui ne peut pas être seulement une action prix. Elle implique de jouer également sur les restrictions d’accès à l’alcool, sur la disponibilité dans différents espaces d’achat, et d’agir aussi en matière de publicité, avec des restrictions et des pénalités. Il faut, en fait, des restrictions globales sur le plan du marketing, face à la contradiction qui fait que de grands secteurs économiques vivent de l’incitation à la consommation d’alcool. Nous ne devons donc pas agir seulement du côté du consommateur, mais aussi de ceux qui produisent le message."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794518",
   "speaker": "Pierre Marle",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Marle (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1784",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1784"
   ],
   "order": 1784,
   "text": "Je me contenterai d’un témoignage : dans ma circonscription est implantée une usine Coca-Cola qui produira prochainement du whisky‑coca en boîte, qui atteindra tous types de consommateurs. Cela pose question",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1784",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N2ecb86e9aae1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je me contenterai d’un témoignage : dans ma circonscription est implantée une usine Coca-Cola qui produira prochainement du whisky‑coca en boîte, qui atteindra tous types de consommateurs. Cela pose question"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1790",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1790",
    "1791"
   ],
   "order": 1790,
   "text": "À la demande de la Mecss, M. Isaac-Sibille et moi-même avions réalisé voilà un an et demi une étude sur les taxes sur les alcools et les sodas, qui a montré que ces taxes étaient peu efficaces en termes de santé publique, mais qu’elles l’étaient en termes de fiscalité et qu’il fallait utiliser à bon escient les sommes ainsi récupérées Par ailleurs, si l’incidence de la taxe soda est très faible, les échelles de taxation de l’alcool sont beaucoup trop complexes pour être efficaces. De fait, alors qu’en Angleterre on distingue trois niveaux de taxe selon le degré d’alcool, on en distingue seize en France. La taxation est donc à revoir.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 111,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1790",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nb17efa6a6bc9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À la demande de la Mecss, M. Isaac-Sibille et moi-même avions réalisé voilà un an et demi une étude sur les taxes sur les alcools et les sodas, qui a montré que ces taxes étaient peu efficaces en termes de santé publique, mais qu’elles l’étaient en termes de fiscalité et qu’il fallait utiliser à bon escient les sommes ainsi récupérées Par ailleurs, si l’incidence de la taxe soda est très faible, les échelles de taxation de l’alcool sont beaucoup trop complexes pour être efficaces. De fait, alors qu’en Angleterre on distingue trois niveaux de taxe selon le degré d’alcool, on en distingue seize en France. La taxation est donc à revoir."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "M. Elie Califer (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1792",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1792"
   ],
   "order": 1792,
   "text": "La question a manifestement un aspect à la fois médical – car le comportement des jeunes peut souvent les conduire à l’hôpital –, fiscal et comportemental. Il faut envisager la prévention et l’information, voire l’interdiction pure et simple de certaines boissons qui, sur de nombreux territoires, tuent ou laissent infirmes de nombreux jeunes qui conduisent après en avoir consommé. Nous devons nous en préoccuper, car n’importe quel enfant de CM2 peut acheter ces boissons",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1792",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N76ea2656d8ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La question a manifestement un aspect à la fois médical – car le comportement des jeunes peut souvent les conduire à l’hôpital –, fiscal et comportemental. Il faut envisager la prévention et l’information, voire l’interdiction pure et simple de certaines boissons qui, sur de nombreux territoires, tuent ou laissent infirmes de nombreux jeunes qui conduisent après en avoir consommé. Nous devons nous en préoccuper, car n’importe quel enfant de CM2 peut acheter ces boissons"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1793",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1793",
    "1794",
    "1795",
    "1796",
    "1797"
   ],
   "order": 1793,
   "text": "Il était important de nous dire que nous voulons faire porter l’effort sur des produits délétères en termes de santé publique : l’alcool et le tabac, auxquels on pourrait ajouter la consommation de sucre. Des travaux parlementaires ont déjà été réalisés par le Sénat et l’Assemblée nationale. L’alcool, auquel sont liés 41 000 décès précoces, a un coût net de 3,3 milliards d’euros pour les finances publiques et un coût social de l’ordre de 102 milliards, chiffres à comparer avec les 73 189 décès prématurés liés au tabac, lequel a un coût net de 1,7 milliard pour les finances publiques, mais un coût social de 156 milliards On ne peut pas mener toutes les batailles en même temps et je favoriserai plutôt les amendements portant sur le tabac et la consommation de sucre. Parmi divers travaux évoquant cette question, le rapport Bozio-Wasmer présente les pentes qu’il faudrait suivre en termes de fiscalisation pour atteindre un niveau de prix dissuasif en termes de consommation d’alcool. 10 % des 18-75 ans consomment environ 58 % de l’alcool et des solutions alternatives pourraient être appliquées, avec un prix minimum de vente par unité d’alcool pur. Cette solution, préconisée par des rapports de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), en 2010, ainsi que par la Cour des comptes, permettrait de fixer un prix minimum de 0,50 euro pour 10 grammes d’alcool pur. Elle a été appliquée par certains pays, comme l’Écosse, l’Australie, le pays de Galles et l’Irlande. Cependant, ce dispositif majorerait considérablement le coût de l’alcool. Au demeurant, cette mesure de droit commercial ne relève pas directement, comme telle, du champ du PLFSS. Il me semble donc préférable de nous concentrer sur le tabac et le sucre, car aucune augmentation potentielle des taxes sur l’alcool ne permettrait d’obtenir la même efficacité en termes de santé publique. Avis défavorable sur ces amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 308,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1793",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nff645c152d70",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il était important de nous dire que nous voulons faire porter l’effort sur des produits délétères en termes de santé publique : l’alcool et le tabac, auxquels on pourrait ajouter la consommation de sucre. Des travaux parlementaires ont déjà été réalisés par le Sénat et l’Assemblée nationale. L’alcool, auquel sont liés 41 000 décès précoces, a un coût net de 3,3 milliards d’euros pour les finances publiques et un coût social de l’ordre de 102 milliards, chiffres à comparer avec les 73 189 décès prématurés liés au tabac, lequel a un coût net de 1,7 milliard pour les finances publiques, mais un coût social de 156 milliards On ne peut pas mener toutes les batailles en même temps et je favoriserai plutôt les amendements portant sur le tabac et la consommation de sucre. Parmi divers travaux évoquant cette question, le rapport Bozio-Wasmer présente les pentes qu’il faudrait suivre en termes de fiscalisation pour atteindre un niveau de prix dissuasif en termes de consommation d’alcool. 10 % des 18-75 ans consomment environ 58 % de l’alcool et des solutions alternatives pourraient être appliquées, avec un prix minimum de vente par unité d’alcool pur. Cette solution, préconisée par des rapports de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), en 2010, ainsi que par la Cour des comptes, permettrait de fixer un prix minimum de 0,50 euro pour 10 grammes d’alcool pur. Elle a été appliquée par certains pays, comme l’Écosse, l’Australie, le pays de Galles et l’Irlande. Cependant, ce dispositif majorerait considérablement le coût de l’alcool. Au demeurant, cette mesure de droit commercial ne relève pas directement, comme telle, du champ du PLFSS. Il me semble donc préférable de nous concentrer sur le tabac et le sucre, car aucune augmentation potentielle des taxes sur l’alcool ne permettrait d’obtenir la même efficacité en termes de santé publique. Avis défavorable sur ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1798",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1798"
   ],
   "order": 1798,
   "text": "L’alcool est un problème majeur de santé publique, qui entraîne de nombreuses autres conséquences négatives. Il pose certes un problème particulier, car nous tenons à nos viticulteurs, confrontés à des années difficiles du fait de la baisse de consommation de vin, mais je suis favorable à l’esprit de ces amendements qui, même si l’effet prix n’est pas dissuasif à ce stade, représentent une première étape intéressante",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1303 de Mme Annie Vidal, AS1416 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS131 et AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1798",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N425cb68a9050",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’alcool est un problème majeur de santé publique, qui entraîne de nombreuses autres conséquences négatives. Il pose certes un problème particulier, car nous tenons à nos viticulteurs, confrontés à des années difficiles du fait de la baisse de consommation de vin, mais je suis favorable à l’esprit de ces amendements qui, même si l’effet prix n’est pas dissuasif à ce stade, représentent une première étape intéressante"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793094",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Ray",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Ray (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1803",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1803",
    "1804"
   ],
   "order": 1803,
   "text": "Mon amendement vise à instaurer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés. On sait en effet que le surpoids et l’obésité augmentent fortement dans notre pays, générant des risques de maladies cardiovasculaires, de diabète et de cancer, avec un coût pour l’assurance maladie estimé à près de 9 milliards d’euros. La surconsommation d’aliments industriels surtransformés contribue à ces maladies La taxe proposée, qui est en quelque sorte le pendant de la taxe sur les boissons sucrées instaurée voilà quelques années, porterait ici sur les plats transformés industriels. Cette mesure avait été proposée par M. Isaac-Sibille dans une proposition de loi et, surtout, avait été votée dans le cadre du PLFSS 2024 au Sénat, à l’initiative des groupes Les Républicains et Rassemblement des démocrates, progressistes et indépendants, mais n’a pas été retenue dans le texte adopté à la suite du recours à l’article 49, alinéa 3 de la Constitution. Ce nouveau PLFSS nous donne l’occasion de proposer cette nouvelle recette qui favoriserait la santé et créerait une nouvelle ressource pour le financement de notre modèle social.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 179,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1803",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N658348fe845c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement vise à instaurer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés. On sait en effet que le surpoids et l’obésité augmentent fortement dans notre pays, générant des risques de maladies cardiovasculaires, de diabète et de cancer, avec un coût pour l’assurance maladie estimé à près de 9 milliards d’euros. La surconsommation d’aliments industriels surtransformés contribue à ces maladies La taxe proposée, qui est en quelque sorte le pendant de la taxe sur les boissons sucrées instaurée voilà quelques années, porterait ici sur les plats transformés industriels. Cette mesure avait été proposée par M. Isaac-Sibille dans une proposition de loi et, surtout, avait été votée dans le cadre du PLFSS 2024 au Sénat, à l’initiative des groupes [GROUPE] et Rassemblement des démocrates, progressistes et indépendants, mais n’a pas été retenue dans le texte adopté à la suite du recours à l’article 49, alinéa 3 de la Constitution. Ce nouveau PLFSS nous donne l’occasion de proposer cette nouvelle recette qui favoriserait la santé et créerait une nouvelle ressource pour le financement de notre modèle social."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1805",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1805",
    "1806"
   ],
   "order": 1805,
   "text": "Les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés sont un scandale majeur de santé publique. Nous devons prendre à bras‑le‑corps la dépendance organisée aux sucres ajoutés, qui tient tant à des raisons économiques qu’au marketing. Un travail parlementaire a été réalisé sur ce point, en particulier par la députée Michèle Crouzet en 2018 et par notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, ainsi que par tous ceux qui, luttant contre le diabète ou les maladies nutritionnelles, estiment qu’il faut en finir avec ce fléau Il faudra peut-être tenir compte de problèmes spécifiques – j’ai ainsi été alerté par les boulangers et les pâtissiers, qui pourraient être concernés par l’application de la mesure proposée par cet amendement, alors que ce n’est pas son intention – mais nous pourrions néanmoins envoyer un signal fort au Gouvernement en votant ces amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1805",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N6756fa6f234d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés sont un scandale majeur de santé publique. Nous devons prendre à bras‑le‑corps la dépendance organisée aux sucres ajoutés, qui tient tant à des raisons économiques qu’au marketing. Un travail parlementaire a été réalisé sur ce point, en particulier par la députée [PERSONNE] en 2018 et par notre collègue [PERSONNE], ainsi que par tous ceux qui, luttant contre le diabète ou les maladies nutritionnelles, estiment qu’il faut en finir avec ce fléau Il faudra peut-être tenir compte de problèmes spécifiques – j’ai ainsi été alerté par les boulangers et les pâtissiers, qui pourraient être concernés par l’application de la mesure proposée par cet amendement, alors que ce n’est pas son intention – mais nous pourrions néanmoins envoyer un signal fort au Gouvernement en votant ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA267318",
   "speaker": "Jean-Carles Grelier",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Carles Grelier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1807",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1807"
   ],
   "order": 1807,
   "text": "L’amendement AS543, qui vise à créer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés destinés à la consommation humaine, est le fruit des travaux parlementaires et des colloques organisés par notre collègue Isaac-Sibille depuis des années. Cette contribution supplémentaire, qui relève de la fiscalité comportementale, est aujourd’hui absolument indispensable",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1807",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N588045ad4374",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS543, qui vise à créer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés destinés à la consommation humaine, est le fruit des travaux parlementaires et des colloques organisés par notre collègue Isaac-Sibille depuis des années. Cette contribution supplémentaire, qui relève de la fiscalité comportementale, est aujourd’hui absolument indispensable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1809",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1809",
    "1810"
   ],
   "order": 1809,
   "text": "L’amendement AS1234 vise à instaurer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires. L’obésité touche 17 % de la population hexagonale et jusqu’à 31 % de la population antillaise. La prévalence du diabète est également supérieure dans les territoires d’outre-mer à ce qu’elle est dans l’Hexagone. Il n’y a plus aucun doute quant au lien entre la consommation de sucre et les pathologies graves, notamment chroniques. Les industriels planquent du sucre ajouté dans tout et n’importe quoi – aussi bien dans les friandises que dans les sandwiches préparés, les salades et même les carottes râpées –, bien souvent au nom de la rentabilité financière et au mépris total de la santé des consommateurs. La revue 60 millions de consommateurs dénonce ainsi les marges tirées par les industriels de l’hypertransformation des produits et qui les poussent à une transformation toujours plus complexe de chaque aliment primaire L’amendement vise à taxer les industriels en proportion de la quantité de sucres ajoutés présente dans leurs recettes. À l’image du modèle anglais, il a pour objectif de les inciter fortement à modifier leurs recettes et, ainsi, à réduire le taux de sucre présent dans leurs produits.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 194,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1809",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N32e4b38484e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS1234 vise à instaurer une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires. L’obésité touche 17 % de la population hexagonale et jusqu’à 31 % de la population antillaise. La prévalence du diabète est également supérieure dans les territoires d’outre-mer à ce qu’elle est dans l’Hexagone. Il n’y a plus aucun doute quant au lien entre la consommation de sucre et les pathologies graves, notamment chroniques. Les industriels planquent du sucre ajouté dans tout et n’importe quoi – aussi bien dans les friandises que dans les sandwiches préparés, les salades et même les carottes râpées –, bien souvent au nom de la rentabilité financière et au mépris total de la santé des consommateurs. La revue 60 millions de consommateurs dénonce ainsi les marges tirées par les industriels de l’hypertransformation des produits et qui les poussent à une transformation toujours plus complexe de chaque aliment primaire L’amendement vise à taxer les industriels en proportion de la quantité de sucres ajoutés présente dans leurs recettes. À l’image du modèle anglais, il a pour objectif de les inciter fortement à modifier leurs recettes et, ainsi, à réduire le taux de sucre présent dans leurs produits."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1811",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1811",
    "1812",
    "1813"
   ],
   "order": 1811,
   "text": "La plupart de vos amendements sont assez proches dans leur rédaction, mais il faut en choisir un : ce sera celui qui se rapproche le plus des trois préconisations suivantes du rapport de la Mecss du Sénat de mai 2024 – j’ajoute que cette question a également donné lieu, la semaine dernière, à une publication de l’Institut Montaigne La proposition n° 13 est de fixer des normes nutritionnelles obligatoires par voie réglementaire, afin de pouvoir imposer des plafonds pour les teneurs en sucre, sel et matières grasses dans certaines catégories d’aliments. La proposition n° 15 est d’interdire la publicité pour les aliments de faible qualité nutritionnelle ciblant les enfants et adolescents. Quant à la proposition n° 16, elle est de promouvoir un nutri-score obligatoire à l’échelle européenne. Rappelons que la moitié des publicités alimentaires vues par les enfants concernent des produits classés D ou E selon le nutri-score. Je privilégierai donc les amendements identiques de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et de M. Frédéric Valletoux. Avis défavorable sur les trois autres, s’ils ne sont pas retirés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 174,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1811",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N92899c408d0d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La plupart de vos amendements sont assez proches dans leur rédaction, mais il faut en choisir un : ce sera celui qui se rapproche le plus des trois préconisations suivantes du rapport de la Mecss du Sénat de mai 2024 – j’ajoute que cette question a également donné lieu, la semaine dernière, à une publication de l’Institut Montaigne La proposition n° 13 est de fixer des normes nutritionnelles obligatoires par voie réglementaire, afin de pouvoir imposer des plafonds pour les teneurs en sucre, sel et matières grasses dans certaines catégories d’aliments. La proposition n° 15 est d’interdire la publicité pour les aliments de faible qualité nutritionnelle ciblant les enfants et adolescents. Quant à la proposition n° 16, elle est de promouvoir un nutri-score obligatoire à l’échelle européenne. Rappelons que la moitié des publicités alimentaires vues par les enfants concernent des produits classés D ou E selon le nutri-score. Je privilégierai donc les amendements identiques de M. [PERSONNE] et de M. [PERSONNE]. Avis défavorable sur les trois autres, s’ils ne sont pas retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1820",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1820"
   ],
   "order": 1820,
   "text": "Le nutri-score n’est peut-être pas un indicateur intéressant. Un autre indicateur a été élaboré par l’Institut technique de l’agriculture biologique, émanation de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (Inrae) : le planet-score, qui prend en compte non seulement la composition globale d’un produit, mais aussi chacun des produits qui le composent, ce qui permettrait de mieux faire apparaître la présence de sucre. Ce score fait également apparaître les aspects environnementaux – en particulier, s’il y a de la matière animale, l’alimentation de l’animal, le risque de pesticides et l’impact environnemental. Je ne sais pas pourquoi ce score, qui suscitait beaucoup d’intérêt voilà trois ans de la part du ministère, n’a pas vu le jour, mais il me semblerait important d’en reparler pour ne pas imposer le nutri-score, qui ne suffit pas. On sait que le sucre est sucré et que le beurre est gras !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1820",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N41b32dae84ba",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le nutri-score n’est peut-être pas un indicateur intéressant. Un autre indicateur a été élaboré par l’Institut technique de l’agriculture biologique, émanation de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (Inrae) : le planet-score, qui prend en compte non seulement la composition globale d’un produit, mais aussi chacun des produits qui le composent, ce qui permettrait de mieux faire apparaître la présence de sucre. Ce score fait également apparaître les aspects environnementaux – en particulier, s’il y a de la matière animale, l’alimentation de l’animal, le risque de pesticides et l’impact environnemental. Je ne sais pas pourquoi ce score, qui suscitait beaucoup d’intérêt voilà trois ans de la part du ministère, n’a pas vu le jour, mais il me semblerait important d’en reparler pour ne pas imposer le nutri-score, qui ne suffit pas. On sait que le sucre est sucré et que le beurre est gras !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "M. Elie Califer (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1821",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1821"
   ],
   "order": 1821,
   "text": "Les produits à destination des outre-mer subissent un surajout de sucre à des fins de conservation, avec des conséquences en matière de santé publique. Le diabète signifie souvent l’amputation. La « loi Lurel » vise bien à contrôler les niveaux de sucre dans les produits vendus outre-mer, mais elle n’est pas appliquée, faute de contrôles. Il ne s’agit donc pas seulement de taxation et de santé publique",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1821",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N2544898755d9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les produits à destination des outre-mer subissent un surajout de sucre à des fins de conservation, avec des conséquences en matière de santé publique. Le diabète signifie souvent l’amputation. La « loi Lurel » vise bien à contrôler les niveaux de sucre dans les produits vendus outre-mer, mais elle n’est pas appliquée, faute de contrôles. Il ne s’agit donc pas seulement de taxation et de santé publique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1822",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1822",
    "1823"
   ],
   "order": 1822,
   "text": "Ces combats, que nous menons de façon transpartisane, prennent du temps – regardez l’exemple de la taxe soda L’augmentation des taxes sur ces produits peut conduire à une augmentation de leur prix, mais également à l’apparition de circuits d’approvisionnement alternatifs, on le voit avec l’exemple des cigarettes. Pour autant, nous ne pouvons pas transiger sur la question de la surcharge pondérale. Il y a des moments où il faut savoir dire non et l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille va dans le bon sens.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 82,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1822",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N7bc55cd64cd4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ces combats, que nous menons de façon transpartisane, prennent du temps – regardez l’exemple de la taxe soda L’augmentation des taxes sur ces produits peut conduire à une augmentation de leur prix, mais également à l’apparition de circuits d’approvisionnement alternatifs, on le voit avec l’exemple des cigarettes. Pour autant, nous ne pouvons pas transiger sur la question de la surcharge pondérale. Il y a des moments où il faut savoir dire non et l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille va dans le bon sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1824",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1824",
    "1825"
   ],
   "order": 1824,
   "text": "En 1997, la prévalence de l’obésité atteignait 8 % de la population ; elle est de 17 % aujourd’hui. Plus grave encore, chez les moins de 25 ans, ces chiffres sont respectivement de 2 % et 9 %. Les enfants, à la différence des adultes, ne sont pas en condition de faire des choix avertis d’autant que les industriels utilisent un packaging très agressif. Avant de parler de déresponsabilisation des citoyens, parlons de celle des industriels Les politiques publiques ne doivent pas passer uniquement par une augmentation des prix et par la taxation, la prévention est également importante, mais nous voterons ces amendements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 103,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1824",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nb75adaf7ef2b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En 1997, la prévalence de l’obésité atteignait 8 % de la population ; elle est de 17 % aujourd’hui. Plus grave encore, chez les moins de 25 ans, ces chiffres sont respectivement de 2 % et 9 %. Les enfants, à la différence des adultes, ne sont pas en condition de faire des choix avertis d’autant que les industriels utilisent un packaging très agressif. Avant de parler de déresponsabilisation des citoyens, parlons de celle des industriels Les politiques publiques ne doivent pas passer uniquement par une augmentation des prix et par la taxation, la prévention est également importante, mais nous voterons ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1826",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1826"
   ],
   "order": 1826,
   "text": "Beaucoup de Françaises et de Français ont un budget réduit et le premier poste qu’ils cherchent à réduire est celui de l’alimentation. Ils achètent donc ce qu’il y a de moins cher. J’ai pu constater qu’un paquet de six cheeseburgers surgelés coûte 4,25 euros alors que les faire à la maison coûte huit fois plus cher ! Ce sont les produits les plus transformés, les plus sucrés et les plus gras qui coûtent le moins cher",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1826",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Naddd0115313d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Beaucoup de Françaises et de Français ont un budget réduit et le premier poste qu’ils cherchent à réduire est celui de l’alimentation. Ils achètent donc ce qu’il y a de moins cher. J’ai pu constater qu’un paquet de six cheeseburgers surgelés coûte 4,25 euros alors que les faire à la maison coûte huit fois plus cher ! Ce sont les produits les plus transformés, les plus sucrés et les plus gras qui coûtent le moins cher"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1827",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1827"
   ],
   "order": 1827,
   "text": "L’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille ne taxe qu’à partir de 5 kilogrammes de sucres ajoutés, alors que le mien taxe dès le premier kilogramme. Surtout, il parle en hectolitres pour des produits solides comme les biscuits ou les confiseries",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1827",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N2f64c6b9047b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille ne taxe qu’à partir de 5 kilogrammes de sucres ajoutés, alors que le mien taxe dès le premier kilogramme. Surtout, il parle en hectolitres pour des produits solides comme les biscuits ou les confiseries"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1829",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1829",
    "1830"
   ],
   "order": 1829,
   "text": "Je suis d’accord avec M. Guedj, l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille contient une erreur d’unité de mesure La taxation est une solution qui fonctionne, on le voit avec l’exemple de la Grande‑Bretagne.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1829",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N3ddd7b3d91b6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis d’accord avec M. Guedj, l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille contient une erreur d’unité de mesure La taxation est une solution qui fonctionne, on le voit avec l’exemple de la Grande‑Bretagne."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1831",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1831"
   ],
   "order": 1831,
   "text": "Le planet-score est un outil intéressant, car il permet aux consommateurs de mieux choisir en fonction de l’impact des produits en termes d’émissions de carbone et d’utilisation de ressources naturelles. Je rappelle que l’alimentation représente 22 % de l’empreinte carbone de la consommation totale en France",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1831",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N3366ceb10672",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le planet-score est un outil intéressant, car il permet aux consommateurs de mieux choisir en fonction de l’impact des produits en termes d’émissions de carbone et d’utilisation de ressources naturelles. Je rappelle que l’alimentation représente 22 % de l’empreinte carbone de la consommation totale en France"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1832",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1832",
    "1833",
    "1834"
   ],
   "order": 1832,
   "text": "N’oublions pas que notre démarche est budgétaire : nous devons voter des taxes, à la fois pour trouver des recettes et pour modifier les habitudes de consommation afin d’assurer une meilleure qualité de vie. Ce que nous votons trouvera place dans le code de la sécurité sociale et pas dans le code du commerce, ce qui exclut des mesures telles que celles que nous avons évoquées sur l’alcool Madame Amiot, je suis d’accord, bien manger coûte cher. Cela pose donc un problème de pouvoir d’achat, mais pas seulement. Il y a aussi un problème d’éducation et d’information. Le nutri-score ou certaines applications peuvent contribuer à modifier les comportements grâce à une meilleure information des consommateurs. Concernant les amendements, je pense qu’un système reposant sur trois strates est le plus efficace ; l’exemple anglais en témoigne. Par ailleurs, l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille contient effectivement une erreur : la quantité de sucres ajoutés déclenchant la taxation doit être exprimée en kilogramme par quintal et non par hectolitre. Je propose donc de le sous‑amender en ce sens.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 174,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1832",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N7a0882041f85",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BLPT",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "N’oublions pas que notre démarche est budgétaire : nous devons voter des taxes, à la fois pour trouver des recettes et pour modifier les habitudes de consommation afin d’assurer une meilleure qualité de vie. Ce que nous votons trouvera place dans le code de la sécurité sociale et pas dans le code du commerce, ce qui exclut des mesures telles que celles que nous avons évoquées sur l’alcool Madame Amiot, je suis d’accord, bien manger coûte cher. Cela pose donc un problème de pouvoir d’achat, mais pas seulement. Il y a aussi un problème d’éducation et d’information. Le nutri-score ou certaines applications peuvent contribuer à modifier les comportements grâce à une meilleure information des consommateurs. Concernant les amendements, je pense qu’un système reposant sur trois strates est le plus efficace ; l’exemple anglais en témoigne. Par ailleurs, l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille contient effectivement une erreur : la quantité de sucres ajoutés déclenchant la taxation doit être exprimée en kilogramme par quintal et non par hectolitre. Je propose donc de le sous‑amender en ce sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1836",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1836",
    "1837",
    "1838"
   ],
   "order": 1836,
   "text": "Parmi les amendements prévoyant trois strates, l’affectation de la taxe diffère : celui de Mme Sebaihi l’affecte au Fonds de solidarité vieillesse alors que ceux de M. Isaac-Sibille et de M. Valletoux l’affectent à la Cnam, ce qui me semble plus logique Je vous propose donc de sous-amender, par un sous-amendement AS1616, les amendements identiques AS543 et AS1582 afin de corriger l’erreur d’unité de mesure. Les amendements AS1196 et AS124 sont retirés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS1196 de M. Nicolas Ray, AS124 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements identiques AS543 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1582 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et amendement AS1234 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1836",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Ne0b7f0e2fef5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Parmi les amendements prévoyant trois strates, l’affectation de la taxe diffère : celui de Mme Sebaihi l’affecte au Fonds de solidarité vieillesse alors que ceux de M. Isaac-Sibille et de M. Valletoux l’affectent à la Cnam, ce qui me semble plus logique Je vous propose donc de sous-amender, par un sous-amendement AS1616, les amendements identiques AS543 et AS1582 afin de corriger l’erreur d’unité de mesure. Les amendements AS1196 et AS124 sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1843",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1843",
    "1844"
   ],
   "order": 1843,
   "text": "Depuis la dernière législature, nous travaillons avec plusieurs députés de différents groupes politiques sur la prise en charge et la prévention de l’obésité dans notre pays et ma collègue Sabrina Sebaihi tient d’ailleurs à saluer la participation de M. Isaac-Sibille La logique du principe pollueur-payeur doit être appliquée aux industriels qui ajoutent du sucre aux boissons qu’ils produisent. L’amendement AS1233 propose donc une taxe, inspirée des recommandations de l’OMS et de l’exemple du Royaume-Uni et du Mexique.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1586 de M. Yannick Neuder et AS125 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements AS1233 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi, AS1086 de M. Frédéric Maillot et AS544 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 77,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1843",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nf78514b77411",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis la dernière législature, nous travaillons avec plusieurs députés de différents groupes politiques sur la prise en charge et la prévention de l’obésité dans notre pays et ma collègue [PERSONNE] tient d’ailleurs à saluer la participation de M. Isaac-Sibille La logique du principe pollueur-payeur doit être appliquée aux industriels qui ajoutent du sucre aux boissons qu’ils produisent. L’amendement AS1233 propose donc une taxe, inspirée des recommandations de l’OMS et de l’exemple du Royaume-Uni et du Mexique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795998",
   "speaker": "Émeline K/Bidi",
   "quality": "Mme Émeline K/Bidi (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1845",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1845",
    "1846"
   ],
   "order": 1845,
   "text": "L’amendement AS1086 vise, par une demande de rapport chiffrant et analysant les évolutions de consommation de sodas et de leur modification en teneur en sucre, à attirer l’attention sur une pratique des industriels qui, pour le même produit vendu dans l’Hexagone, ajoutent davantage de sucre lorsque celui-ci est vendu en outre-mer. Cette pratique a des effets dévastateurs et le taux de diabète atteint des records en outre-mer, notamment à La Réunion La « loi Lurel », votée pour contrôler ces pratiques, n’est pas appliquée faute de moyens. Qu’on en arrive à devoir trouver d’autres mécanismes juridiques parce que les industriels ne respectent pas la loi m’apparaît fort dommage, d’autant que les Ultramarins en paient le prix fort.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1586 de M. Yannick Neuder et AS125 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements AS1233 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi, AS1086 de M. Frédéric Maillot et AS544 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1845",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N4f5e9db1ca69",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS1086 vise, par une demande de rapport chiffrant et analysant les évolutions de consommation de sodas et de leur modification en teneur en sucre, à attirer l’attention sur une pratique des industriels qui, pour le même produit vendu dans l’Hexagone, ajoutent davantage de sucre lorsque celui-ci est vendu en outre-mer. Cette pratique a des effets dévastateurs et le taux de diabète atteint des records en outre-mer, notamment à La Réunion La « loi Lurel », votée pour contrôler ces pratiques, n’est pas appliquée faute de moyens. Qu’on en arrive à devoir trouver d’autres mécanismes juridiques parce que les industriels ne respectent pas la loi m’apparaît fort dommage, d’autant que les Ultramarins en paient le prix fort."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1848",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1848",
    "1849",
    "1850"
   ],
   "order": 1848,
   "text": "Les amendements identiques AS1586 et AS125 proposent, par rapport à l’amendement AS1233, un tableau simplifié et une modification des tranches Par souci d’efficacité pour limiter la consommation de certaines boissons, il me semble préférable d’adopter un amendement proposant une taxe plutôt qu’un amendement, comme l’amendement AS1086, qui demande un rapport. Avis favorable aux amendements identiques et demande de retrait pour les autres amendements ou, à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1586 de M. Yannick Neuder et AS125 de M. Jérôme Guedj, amendements AS1233 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi, AS1086 de M. Frédéric Maillot et AS544 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1848",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nd142d40a7908",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les amendements identiques AS1586 et AS125 proposent, par rapport à l’amendement AS1233, un tableau simplifié et une modification des tranches Par souci d’efficacité pour limiter la consommation de certaines boissons, il me semble préférable d’adopter un amendement proposant une taxe plutôt qu’un amendement, comme l’amendement AS1086, qui demande un rapport. Avis favorable aux amendements identiques et demande de retrait pour les autres amendements ou, à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841091",
   "speaker": "Arnaud Simion",
   "quality": "M. Arnaud Simion (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1869",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1869"
   ],
   "order": 1869,
   "text": "L’efficacité de l’augmentation des prix sur la consommation de tabac a été prouvée à plusieurs reprises : dans le cadre du plan cancer 2003‑2007, puis entre 2017 et 2020, lorsque la fixation du prix du paquet à 10 euros a permis d’abaisser la prévalence chez les jeunes de 29,4 % en 2016 à 24 % en 2019 ; chez les lycéens, celle-ci est même passée de 17,5 % en 2018 à 6,2 % en 2022. Néanmoins, nous devons nous intéresser sérieusement à la consommation d’autres produits, comme le protoxyde d’azote, qui est une véritable calamité chez les jeunes",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1587 de M. Yannick Neuder et AS134 de M. Mickaël Bouloux et amendement AS440 de M. Nicolas Thierry (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1869",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nd629cd6c533b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’efficacité de l’augmentation des prix sur la consommation de tabac a été prouvée à plusieurs reprises : dans le cadre du plan cancer 2003‑2007, puis entre 2017 et 2020, lorsque la fixation du prix du paquet à 10 euros a permis d’abaisser la prévalence chez les jeunes de 29,4 % en 2016 à 24 % en 2019 ; chez les lycéens, celle-ci est même passée de 17,5 % en 2018 à 6,2 % en 2022. Néanmoins, nous devons nous intéresser sérieusement à la consommation d’autres produits, comme le protoxyde d’azote, qui est une véritable calamité chez les jeunes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1874",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1874",
    "1875",
    "1876"
   ],
   "order": 1874,
   "text": "Alors que l’obésité est de plus en plus répandue chez les enfants, le lien avec la commercialisation de produits alimentaires et de boissons trop riches en sucre, sel ou matières grasses a déjà été établi par l’OMS. Après de nombreuses années à se contenter d’attendre la bonne volonté des industriels, force est de constater l’échec des mesures non contraignantes En matière de marketing, les annonceurs ont accru leur pression sur les produits alimentaires riches en sucre, sel ou matières grasses, ainsi que sur les sodas. Ce faisant, ils participent aux changements de comportement alimentaire des plus jeunes et au développement de l’épidémie de surpoids et d’obésité, qui affectera profondément l’avenir du système de protection sociale. En l’absence de cadre réellement contraignant, l’amendement AS441, issu de propositions de la Ligue nationale contre le cancer, vise à soumettre la publicité pour ces produits au versement d’une contribution qui sera affectée à la branche maladie de la sécurité sociale.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 156,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1874",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N2b89d8ea0d52",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que l’obésité est de plus en plus répandue chez les enfants, le lien avec la commercialisation de produits alimentaires et de boissons trop riches en sucre, sel ou matières grasses a déjà été établi par l’OMS. Après de nombreuses années à se contenter d’attendre la bonne volonté des industriels, force est de constater l’échec des mesures non contraignantes En matière de marketing, les annonceurs ont accru leur pression sur les produits alimentaires riches en sucre, sel ou matières grasses, ainsi que sur les sodas. Ce faisant, ils participent aux changements de comportement alimentaire des plus jeunes et au développement de l’épidémie de surpoids et d’obésité, qui affectera profondément l’avenir du système de protection sociale. En l’absence de cadre réellement contraignant, l’amendement AS441, issu de propositions de la Ligue nationale contre le cancer, vise à soumettre la publicité pour ces produits au versement d’une contribution qui sera affectée à la branche maladie de la sécurité sociale."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1877",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1877"
   ],
   "order": 1877,
   "text": "La publicité, quel que soit son support, pousse les jeunes à adopter des comportements addictifs : ils consomment de plus en plus d’aliments surdosés en sucre, ce qui a pour conséquence d’augmenter le nombre de cas de diabète, de maladies cardiovasculaires et d’obésité. Cet amendement a pour objet de taxer les fabricants de produits alimentaires néfastes pour la santé qui utilisent la publicité pour favoriser leurs ventes. Le produit de cette taxe serait affecté à la branche maladie de la sécurité sociale",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 82,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1877",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nfb27b2e46ccf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La publicité, quel que soit son support, pousse les jeunes à adopter des comportements addictifs : ils consomment de plus en plus d’aliments surdosés en sucre, ce qui a pour conséquence d’augmenter le nombre de cas de diabète, de maladies cardiovasculaires et d’obésité. Cet amendement a pour objet de taxer les fabricants de produits alimentaires néfastes pour la santé qui utilisent la publicité pour favoriser leurs ventes. Le produit de cette taxe serait affecté à la branche maladie de la sécurité sociale"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1878",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1878",
    "1879"
   ],
   "order": 1878,
   "text": "L’amendement AS241 vise à rendre obligatoire la mention du nutri-score sur tous les supports publicitaires pour les denrées alimentaires, sauf si les industriels versent une contribution qui pourrait être affectée à la sécurité sociale Le nutri-score est un étiquetage nutritionnel graphique, recommandé par le ministère de la santé, qui a été conçu, entre autres, par Santé publique France. Utilisé dans d’autres pays européens, il permet de mieux informer et de sensibiliser les consommateurs dans leurs choix, d’inciter les industriels à améliorer la qualité nutritionnelle de leurs produits et de promouvoir une alimentation saine.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1878",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N8c5574f9a886",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS241 vise à rendre obligatoire la mention du nutri-score sur tous les supports publicitaires pour les denrées alimentaires, sauf si les industriels versent une contribution qui pourrait être affectée à la sécurité sociale Le nutri-score est un étiquetage nutritionnel graphique, recommandé par le ministère de la santé, qui a été conçu, entre autres, par Santé publique France. Utilisé dans d’autres pays européens, il permet de mieux informer et de sensibiliser les consommateurs dans leurs choix, d’inciter les industriels à améliorer la qualité nutritionnelle de leurs produits et de promouvoir une alimentation saine."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1880",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1880",
    "1881"
   ],
   "order": 1880,
   "text": "L’amendement identique AS1235 vise à rendre obligatoire l’apposition du nutri-score sur l’ensemble des supports publicitaires pour des denrées alimentaires. Cet indicateur, qui est un élément essentiel d’aide à la prise de décision pour les consommateurs, est encore trop peu utilisé : 95 % des produits ainsi étiquetés proviennent de TPE et de PME Plusieurs grands industriels, comme Coca-Cola ou Ferrero, en refusent toujours l’application, dissimulant sciemment la qualité nutritionnelle de leurs produits, souvent trop riches en sucre, en matières grasses ou en sel, et trompant ainsi leurs consommateurs quant à l’impact de leurs produits sur la santé. Cela illustre leur manque de responsabilité face à l’urgence de santé publique que constituent l’obésité et les maladies en découlant. Cette opacité affecte directement la santé de millions de consommateurs au quotidien.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 129,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1880",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N5e2bc88da192",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement identique AS1235 vise à rendre obligatoire l’apposition du nutri-score sur l’ensemble des supports publicitaires pour des denrées alimentaires. Cet indicateur, qui est un élément essentiel d’aide à la prise de décision pour les consommateurs, est encore trop peu utilisé : 95 % des produits ainsi étiquetés proviennent de TPE et de PME Plusieurs grands industriels, comme Coca-Cola ou Ferrero, en refusent toujours l’application, dissimulant sciemment la qualité nutritionnelle de leurs produits, souvent trop riches en sucre, en matières grasses ou en sel, et trompant ainsi leurs consommateurs quant à l’impact de leurs produits sur la santé. Cela illustre leur manque de responsabilité face à l’urgence de santé publique que constituent l’obésité et les maladies en découlant. Cette opacité affecte directement la santé de millions de consommateurs au quotidien."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1882",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1882",
    "1883"
   ],
   "order": 1882,
   "text": "Avis défavorable puisque nous venons d’adopter les amendements AS543 et AS1582 instaurant une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés destinés à la consommation humaine On pourrait taxer les produits alimentaires à différentes étapes – la commercialisation, la publicité –, mais l’idée n’est pas de tuer l’industrie agroalimentaire. Il s’agit d’avoir un effet dissuasif pour le consommateur et de l’inciter à privilégier les aliments qualitatifs.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1882",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Ndadb68cdf970",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable puisque nous venons d’adopter les amendements AS543 et AS1582 instaurant une taxe sur les sucres ajoutés dans les produits alimentaires transformés destinés à la consommation humaine On pourrait taxer les produits alimentaires à différentes étapes – la commercialisation, la publicité –, mais l’idée n’est pas de tuer l’industrie agroalimentaire. Il s’agit d’avoir un effet dissuasif pour le consommateur et de l’inciter à privilégier les aliments qualitatifs."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1884",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1884",
    "1885"
   ],
   "order": 1884,
   "text": "Mes chers collègues, je vous invite à voter comme Frédéric Valletoux ou comme Olivier Véran, qui avait déposé en 2019 des amendements visant à généraliser le nutri-score Le Sénat a malheureusement supprimé, en commission, une disposition de la proposition de loi dont je suis coauteur, visant à imposer aux influenceurs l’utilisation du nutri-score – disposition pourtant votée par l’Assemblée nationale. Non seulement le nutri‑score a un rôle informatif, mais il a aussi des effets sur les comportements de consommation. Or la promotion des produits sucrés à destination des plus jeunes se fait beaucoup par le biais des influenceurs. Adopter l’amendement AS241 permettrait de confirmer la volonté exprimée à plusieurs reprises par l’Assemblée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1884",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N632993b0e985",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mes chers collègues, je vous invite à voter comme [PERSONNE] ou comme [PERSONNE], qui avait déposé en 2019 des amendements visant à généraliser le nutri-score Le Sénat a malheureusement supprimé, en commission, une disposition de la proposition de loi dont je suis coauteur, visant à imposer aux influenceurs l’utilisation du nutri-score – disposition pourtant votée par l’Assemblée nationale. Non seulement le nutri‑score a un rôle informatif, mais il a aussi des effets sur les comportements de consommation. Or la promotion des produits sucrés à destination des plus jeunes se fait beaucoup par le biais des influenceurs. Adopter l’amendement AS241 permettrait de confirmer la volonté exprimée à plusieurs reprises par l’Assemblée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1886",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1886",
    "1887"
   ],
   "order": 1886,
   "text": "L’objectif ici consiste à réduire le nombre de personnes obèses. La taxe est-il le moyen le plus efficace d’influer sur la publicité ? Je ne le crois pas. Une approche beaucoup plus globale, reposant notamment sur l’éducation à l’alimentation, est nécessaire Les personnes que nous ciblons ne sont pas nécessairement celles qui sont touchées par les mesures que nous prenons. Certaines sont influencées par leur entourage familial plutôt que par les messages publicitaires ou les contenus diffusés par les influenceurs. La précarité et les comportements addictifs tendent à se renforcer ; taxer ne peut être l’alpha et l’oméga des politiques publiques. Je crains que nous ne perdions de vue les véritables objectifs du PLFSS.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1886",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N277ee550edbe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’objectif ici consiste à réduire le nombre de personnes obèses. La taxe est-il le moyen le plus efficace d’influer sur la publicité ? Je ne le crois pas. Une approche beaucoup plus globale, reposant notamment sur l’éducation à l’alimentation, est nécessaire Les personnes que nous ciblons ne sont pas nécessairement celles qui sont touchées par les mesures que nous prenons. Certaines sont influencées par leur entourage familial plutôt que par les messages publicitaires ou les contenus diffusés par les influenceurs. La précarité et les comportements addictifs tendent à se renforcer ; taxer ne peut être l’alpha et l’oméga des politiques publiques. Je crains que nous ne perdions de vue les véritables objectifs du PLFSS."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1889",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1889"
   ],
   "order": 1889,
   "text": "Une politique de santé publique est un tout : nous avons parlé du signal prix, qui a fait l’objet d’un consensus, mais il faut prendre en considération les autres moyens permettant de la mener à bien. Tout d’abord, l’information des consommateurs : en la matière, si le nutri-score n’est pas la panacée, il devrait néanmoins être obligatoire. En tant que consommateur, je ne comprends pas qu’il ne le soit pas et je n’achète pas les produits qui en sont dépourvus. L’autre moyen consiste à limiter la publicité pour les produits dangereux. Il ne s’agit pas de voter une loi Evin sur les produits sucrés, mais d’en taxer la publicité",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 109,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1889",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N3f0ed785825e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Une politique de santé publique est un tout : nous avons parlé du signal prix, qui a fait l’objet d’un consensus, mais il faut prendre en considération les autres moyens permettant de la mener à bien. Tout d’abord, l’information des consommateurs : en la matière, si le nutri-score n’est pas la panacée, il devrait néanmoins être obligatoire. En tant que consommateur, je ne comprends pas qu’il ne le soit pas et je n’achète pas les produits qui en sont dépourvus. L’autre moyen consiste à limiter la publicité pour les produits dangereux. Il ne s’agit pas de voter une loi Evin sur les produits sucrés, mais d’en taxer la publicité"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1890",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1890",
    "1891"
   ],
   "order": 1890,
   "text": "Il est passionnant de pouvoir tenir un débat sur le nutri‑score dans cette commission, en présence d’un ancien ministre de la santé. Monsieur Valletoux, qu’est-il arrivé à l’arrêté portant sur le nouvel algorithme du nutri-score, qui était prêt dès le 1er janvier ? Je sais que vous êtes un défenseur du nutri-score, mais celui-ci a aussi des adversaires, notamment au Gouvernement, qui s’appuient sur de mauvais arguments – personne ne veut nuire aux AOP ! La vraie question est la suivante : pourquoi Danone a‑t‑il retiré le nutri-score de certains de ses produits classés D ou E ? Alors que la France a été pionnière en ce domaine, grâce à Serge Hercberg, qui a présidé le programme national nutrition santé, elle connaît désormais un recul de l’usage de cet outil. Compte tenu du blocage actuel des réflexions au niveau européen, il serait judicieux d’envoyer des signes montrant notre attachement au nutri-score et notre volonté d’en renforcer l’usage. C’est ce que permet mon amendement, qui vise à taxer les producteurs qui ne l’affichent pas pour les inciter à le faire.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 179,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1890",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nfecf7a3f82ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est passionnant de pouvoir tenir un débat sur le nutri‑score dans cette commission, en présence d’un ancien ministre de la santé. Monsieur Valletoux, qu’est-il arrivé à l’arrêté portant sur le nouvel algorithme du nutri-score, qui était prêt dès le 1er janvier ? Je sais que vous êtes un défenseur du nutri-score, mais celui-ci a aussi des adversaires, notamment au Gouvernement, qui s’appuient sur de mauvais arguments – personne ne veut nuire aux AOP ! La vraie question est la suivante : pourquoi Danone a‑t‑il retiré le nutri-score de certains de ses produits classés D ou E ? Alors que la France a été pionnière en ce domaine, grâce à Serge Hercberg, qui a présidé le programme national nutrition santé, elle connaît désormais un recul de l’usage de cet outil. Compte tenu du blocage actuel des réflexions au niveau européen, il serait judicieux d’envoyer des signes montrant notre attachement au nutri-score et notre volonté d’en renforcer l’usage. C’est ce que permet mon amendement, qui vise à taxer les producteurs qui ne l’affichent pas pour les inciter à le faire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1892",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1892"
   ],
   "order": 1892,
   "text": "Taxer la publicité, c’est insuffisant : nous devons avoir une vision d’ensemble. Sur des paquets de biscuits diététiques, le nutri-score est déjà médiocre alors qu’ils ne contiennent pas de sucres ajoutés : imaginez la quantité de sucre des produits qui ne l’affichent pas ! Compte tenu de l’épidémie d’obésité, dont nous constatons les conséquences dans d’autres pays, il est à la fois simple et essentiel d’adopter les amendements renforçant l’impact du nutri-score",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1892",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nb19684f2ff98",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Taxer la publicité, c’est insuffisant : nous devons avoir une vision d’ensemble. Sur des paquets de biscuits diététiques, le nutri-score est déjà médiocre alors qu’ils ne contiennent pas de sucres ajoutés : imaginez la quantité de sucre des produits qui ne l’affichent pas ! Compte tenu de l’épidémie d’obésité, dont nous constatons les conséquences dans d’autres pays, il est à la fois simple et essentiel d’adopter les amendements renforçant l’impact du nutri-score"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1893",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1893",
    "1894"
   ],
   "order": 1893,
   "text": "Le nutri-score présente des défauts. Tout d’abord, il influence le comportement des consommateurs : il peut amener à acheter ou à ne pas acheter certains produits, comme M. Davi l’a très bien expliqué ; il agit également sur la culpabilité Ensuite, il ne prend pas en considération des éléments importants, contrairement au planet-score évoqué par Mme Corneloup, qui comporte des indicateurs environnementaux – en particulier la toxicité des produits d’origine animale. Les consommateurs doivent être beaucoup mieux informés sur les produits qu’ils mangent. Dans un contexte général d’appréhension vis-à-vis de la nourriture, le nutri-score en particulier est trop simpliste et restreint la liberté des gens.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements AS441 de M. Nicolas Thierry, AS1394 de M. Jean-François Rousset et amendements identiques AS241 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS1235 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1893",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N15ed7d62d46a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le nutri-score présente des défauts. Tout d’abord, il influence le comportement des consommateurs : il peut amener à acheter ou à ne pas acheter certains produits, comme M. Davi l’a très bien expliqué ; il agit également sur la culpabilité Ensuite, il ne prend pas en considération des éléments importants, contrairement au planet-score évoqué par Mme Corneloup, qui comporte des indicateurs environnementaux – en particulier la toxicité des produits d’origine animale. Les consommateurs doivent être beaucoup mieux informés sur les produits qu’ils mangent. Dans un contexte général d’appréhension vis-à-vis de la nourriture, le nutri-score en particulier est trop simpliste et restreint la liberté des gens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1940",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1940",
    "1941"
   ],
   "order": 1940,
   "text": "Mon amendement s’inscrit sinon dans la fiscalité dite comportementale, du moins dans la réflexion générale sur le prix des substances jugées dangereuses du point de vue de la santé publique. En matière d’alcool, les taxes présentent la spécificité de ne pas suivre complètement l’inflation. Leur hausse est plafonnée à 1,75 %, même si l’inflation est de 3 % ou 4 % L’amendement vise à supprimer ce plafond afin de laisser les taxes pesant sur l’alcool progresser au rythme de l’inflation, selon une sorte d’échelle mobile non des salaires, mais de la santé publique.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1940",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nde715b77f00d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement s’inscrit sinon dans la fiscalité dite comportementale, du moins dans la réflexion générale sur le prix des substances jugées dangereuses du point de vue de la santé publique. En matière d’alcool, les taxes présentent la spécificité de ne pas suivre complètement l’inflation. Leur hausse est plafonnée à 1,75 %, même si l’inflation est de 3 % ou 4 % L’amendement vise à supprimer ce plafond afin de laisser les taxes pesant sur l’alcool progresser au rythme de l’inflation, selon une sorte d’échelle mobile non des salaires, mais de la santé publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1942",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1942"
   ],
   "order": 1942,
   "text": "L’amendement AS128 repose sur la même argumentation. Que le relèvement annuel de la taxation des boissons alcooliques soit plafonné à 1,75 % en période de forte inflation est difficile à comprendre, à tout le moins contre-intuitif",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1942",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N4055f01d2af0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS128 repose sur la même argumentation. Que le relèvement annuel de la taxation des boissons alcooliques soit plafonné à 1,75 % en période de forte inflation est difficile à comprendre, à tout le moins contre-intuitif"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1943",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1943",
    "1944",
    "1945"
   ],
   "order": 1943,
   "text": "Avis défavorable Je suis globalement favorable à la hausse des taxes comportementales, mais nous ne pouvons pas taxer tout le monde en permanence. La différence entre le tabac et l’alcool sur ce point est fondée sur les chiffres : le tabac provoque 73 000 décès précoces, l’alcool 41 000 ; son coût social est de 156 milliards d’euros, contre 102 milliards pour l’alcool. L’exemple des autres pays européens montre que, pour obtenir une dissuasion réellement efficace ayant des effets en matière de santé publique, il faut procéder à de fortes majorations des tarifs, qui de surcroît ne sont probablement pas compatibles avec le maintien de l’activité viticole. C’est pourquoi nous avons opté, en matière de fiscalité comportementale, pour l’alourdissement de la taxation du sucre, en y allant franchement sur la taxe soda comme cela n’avait jamais été le cas à l’Assemblée nationale. Quant à l’amendement visant à faire passer le prix du paquet de cigarettes de 12 à 16 euros, il n’a pas été adopté. J’émettrai un avis défavorable à tout amendement visant à alourdir la fiscalité de l’alcool.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 179,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1943",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nf778c14455ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable Je suis globalement favorable à la hausse des taxes comportementales, mais nous ne pouvons pas taxer tout le monde en permanence. La différence entre le tabac et l’alcool sur ce point est fondée sur les chiffres : le tabac provoque 73 000 décès précoces, l’alcool 41 000 ; son coût social est de 156 milliards d’euros, contre 102 milliards pour l’alcool. L’exemple des autres pays européens montre que, pour obtenir une dissuasion réellement efficace ayant des effets en matière de santé publique, il faut procéder à de fortes majorations des tarifs, qui de surcroît ne sont probablement pas compatibles avec le maintien de l’activité viticole. C’est pourquoi nous avons opté, en matière de fiscalité comportementale, pour l’alourdissement de la taxation du sucre, en y allant franchement sur la taxe soda comme cela n’avait jamais été le cas à l’Assemblée nationale. Quant à l’amendement visant à faire passer le prix du paquet de cigarettes de 12 à 16 euros, il n’a pas été adopté. J’émettrai un avis défavorable à tout amendement visant à alourdir la fiscalité de l’alcool."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1946",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1946",
    "1947"
   ],
   "order": 1946,
   "text": "Je suis le premier à lutter contre la consommation d’alcool, mais je me demande si chacun ici a conscience de ce que nous faisons. La filière viticole est dans une situation impossible. Les conditions météorologiques empêchent toute récolte, ce qui est une source de stress pour les exploitants. Des gens sont dans un état de tension n’ayant rien à voir avec ce que j’appellerai du syndicalisme de bas étage, et qui provoque une véritable souffrance. De surcroît, la consommation de vin s’écroule, ce qui est un vrai sujet de préoccupation Je déplore le message que nous envoyons, même si nous y reviendrons en séance publique. En la matière, il faut être très prudent. Par ailleurs, boire un verre de vin – un seul – à table fait partie d’une certaine culture qui présente des intérêts et pas uniquement des inconvénients. Le message que nous avons envoyé est dramatique.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1946",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N84b94af4da9c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis le premier à lutter contre la consommation d’alcool, mais je me demande si chacun ici a conscience de ce que nous faisons. La filière viticole est dans une situation impossible. Les conditions météorologiques empêchent toute récolte, ce qui est une source de stress pour les exploitants. Des gens sont dans un état de tension n’ayant rien à voir avec ce que j’appellerai du syndicalisme de bas étage, et qui provoque une véritable souffrance. De surcroît, la consommation de vin s’écroule, ce qui est un vrai sujet de préoccupation Je déplore le message que nous envoyons, même si nous y reviendrons en séance publique. En la matière, il faut être très prudent. Par ailleurs, boire un verre de vin – un seul – à table fait partie d’une certaine culture qui présente des intérêts et pas uniquement des inconvénients. Le message que nous avons envoyé est dramatique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1948",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1948"
   ],
   "order": 1948,
   "text": "L’alcool est un enjeu de santé publique qui ne se réduit pas au nombre de décès prématurés qu’il provoque. « Rien remplit plus l’hôpital et l’tribunal », chante Orelsan dans L’Odeur de l’essence. L’alcool est aussi un enjeu dans les violences intrafamiliales et dans les violences de rue. Il doit donc être pris en compte, du point de vue de la santé publique, non seulement à l’aune des décès prématuré qu’il provoque mais aussi en incluant toutes ses conséquences sur la société. L’argumentation de M. le rapporteur général me semble un peu légère et ne me convainc pas de ne pas voter ces excellents amendements",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1948",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nd0b1021a73f5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’alcool est un enjeu de santé publique qui ne se réduit pas au nombre de décès prématurés qu’il provoque. « Rien remplit plus l’hôpital et l’tribunal », chante Orelsan dans L’Odeur de l’essence. L’alcool est aussi un enjeu dans les violences intrafamiliales et dans les violences de rue. Il doit donc être pris en compte, du point de vue de la santé publique, non seulement à l’aune des décès prématuré qu’il provoque mais aussi en incluant toutes ses conséquences sur la société. L’argumentation de M. le rapporteur général me semble un peu légère et ne me convainc pas de ne pas voter ces excellents amendements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1959",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1959",
    "1960",
    "1961"
   ],
   "order": 1959,
   "text": "Supprimer le plafonnement de l’évolution du prix de l’alcool, dans le contexte d’inflation qui prévaut actuellement, aura pour effet de l’augmenter. Quel en sera l’effet sur la consommation ? Il ne faut pas se raconter d’histoires : la sensibilité à la hausse du prix de l’alcool des consommateurs souffrant d’addiction est nulle. Ce n’est pas une hausse de son prix de quelques centimes d’euros qui les aidera à corriger le tir En revanche, le modèle économique des producteurs a été profondément affecté au cours des derniers mois. Nous ne pouvons pas le modifier. Certains ont des problèmes de stocks ; tous s’inscrivent dans un marché ouvert et sont exposés à la concurrence, notamment de produits de moins bonne qualité ou moins taxés. Voter ces amendements me semble profondément malvenu. Nous n’atteindrons pas l’objectif visé et nous ferons subir des externalités négatives à ceux qui méritent tout notre soutien, d’autant qu’ils agissent en matière de prévention de l’alcoolisme et de promotion des produits de qualité. Or l’alcool produit en France est souvent de meilleure qualité que les produits dangereux pour la santé vendus en masse dans la grande distribution.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 188,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1959",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N39831c08385f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Supprimer le plafonnement de l’évolution du prix de l’alcool, dans le contexte d’inflation qui prévaut actuellement, aura pour effet de l’augmenter. Quel en sera l’effet sur la consommation ? Il ne faut pas se raconter d’histoires : la sensibilité à la hausse du prix de l’alcool des consommateurs souffrant d’addiction est nulle. Ce n’est pas une hausse de son prix de quelques centimes d’euros qui les aidera à corriger le tir En revanche, le modèle économique des producteurs a été profondément affecté au cours des derniers mois. Nous ne pouvons pas le modifier. Certains ont des problèmes de stocks ; tous s’inscrivent dans un marché ouvert et sont exposés à la concurrence, notamment de produits de moins bonne qualité ou moins taxés. Voter ces amendements me semble profondément malvenu. Nous n’atteindrons pas l’objectif visé et nous ferons subir des externalités négatives à ceux qui méritent tout notre soutien, d’autant qu’ils agissent en matière de prévention de l’alcoolisme et de promotion des produits de qualité. Or l’alcool produit en France est souvent de meilleure qualité que les produits dangereux pour la santé vendus en masse dans la grande distribution."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1962",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1962",
    "1963",
    "1964"
   ],
   "order": 1962,
   "text": "Le travail contre la consommation d’alcool, il faut le mener. Cela n’a rien à voir avec l’existence de lobbies – s’il en existe un, c’est à mes yeux celui du tabac Ce que je tiens à rappeler, c’est que l’année 2024 a été catastrophique du point de vue climatique. En raison de pluies continuelles, les gars n’ont même pas pu entrer dans leurs parcelles pour y récolter le raisin. De surcroît, la consommation diminue et les stocks gonflent. Dans ces conditions, adopter, à vingt-trois heures trente, un amendement alourdissant la fiscalité de l’alcool, hors de tout projet construit, a un effet délétère, pour ne pas dire catastrophique. Il va de soi qu’il faut mener des politiques de santé publique de lutte contre la consommation d’alcool. Adopter à vingt-trois heures un amendement sorti de nulle part, dans le contexte d’une année climatique catastrophique, n’y contribue en rien.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1962",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nd64fdf33ed61",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le travail contre la consommation d’alcool, il faut le mener. Cela n’a rien à voir avec l’existence de lobbies – s’il en existe un, c’est à mes yeux celui du tabac Ce que je tiens à rappeler, c’est que l’année 2024 a été catastrophique du point de vue climatique. En raison de pluies continuelles, les gars n’ont même pas pu entrer dans leurs parcelles pour y récolter le raisin. De surcroît, la consommation diminue et les stocks gonflent. Dans ces conditions, adopter, à vingt-trois heures trente, un amendement alourdissant la fiscalité de l’alcool, hors de tout projet construit, a un effet délétère, pour ne pas dire catastrophique. Il va de soi qu’il faut mener des politiques de santé publique de lutte contre la consommation d’alcool. Adopter à vingt-trois heures un amendement sorti de nulle part, dans le contexte d’une année climatique catastrophique, n’y contribue en rien."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1965",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1965",
    "1966",
    "1967",
    "1968",
    "1969",
    "1970"
   ],
   "order": 1965,
   "text": "Au terme d’une longue journée de débats sur la prévention en santé, j’aimerais qu’on ne travestisse pas mes propos Monsieur Davi, ayez l’honnêteté de reconnaître que je n’ai jamais refusé de taxer davantage l’alcool au motif que nous taxons plus lourdement le sucre ou le tabac. J’ai dit que le levier fiscal n’est pas le seul moyen de lutter contre les conduites addictives. Monsieur Boyard, vous avez fait allusion, en citant un chanteur connu, aux problèmes d’accidentologie et d’engorgement des services d’urgence. Je les connais. Soyons clairs, ces problèmes n’ont rien à voir avec les produits de la filière viticole. Ils sont provoqués par d’autres alcools. J’ai simplement dit qu’obtenir un effet dissuasif en matière de santé publique suppose d’augmenter fortement le prix de l’alcool, ce qui est possible non dans le cadre du code de la sécurité sociale, mais du code de commerce. Dans notre quête de recettes, nous avons examiné celles issues de la consommation de tabac, d’alcool et de sucre. Sous l’angle de la santé publique, nous avons cherché à inscrire dans le présent PLFSS des recettes supplémentaires, dont l’objet n’est pas de taxer des produits par leur aspect commercial. Les pays européens où les mesures incitatives en matière d’alcool fonctionnent sont ceux qui en ont fortement augmenté le prix, non dans le périmètre de leur sécurité sociale mais dans le cadre de leur code de commerce. J’invite ceux qui souhaitent ouvrir ce débat à l’inscrire dans le bon véhicule législatif. Par ailleurs, je comprends l’agacement de M. Turquois. On n’a jamais vu quiconque se présenter aux urgences pour un excès de consommation de côtes-du-rhône ou de bordeaux. Chacun sait qu’il s’agit d’autres alcools. Aucune alcoolisation n’est souhaitable, mais il faut veiller à ne pas s’en prendre à un art de vivre dont l’aspect culinaire et viticole n’a rien à voir avec les forts volumes de consommation constatés lors des soirées, dans la vraie vie.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 318,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1965",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "Nb50bef681f71",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Au terme d’une longue journée de débats sur la prévention en santé, j’aimerais qu’on ne travestisse pas mes propos Monsieur Davi, ayez l’honnêteté de reconnaître que je n’ai jamais refusé de taxer davantage l’alcool au motif que nous taxons plus lourdement le sucre ou le tabac. J’ai dit que le levier fiscal n’est pas le seul moyen de lutter contre les conduites addictives. Monsieur Boyard, vous avez fait allusion, en citant un chanteur connu, aux problèmes d’accidentologie et d’engorgement des services d’urgence. Je les connais. Soyons clairs, ces problèmes n’ont rien à voir avec les produits de la filière viticole. Ils sont provoqués par d’autres alcools. J’ai simplement dit qu’obtenir un effet dissuasif en matière de santé publique suppose d’augmenter fortement le prix de l’alcool, ce qui est possible non dans le cadre du code de la sécurité sociale, mais du code de commerce. Dans notre quête de recettes, nous avons examiné celles issues de la consommation de tabac, d’alcool et de sucre. Sous l’angle de la santé publique, nous avons cherché à inscrire dans le présent PLFSS des recettes supplémentaires, dont l’objet n’est pas de taxer des produits par leur aspect commercial. Les pays européens où les mesures incitatives en matière d’alcool fonctionnent sont ceux qui en ont fortement augmenté le prix, non dans le périmètre de leur sécurité sociale mais dans le cadre de leur code de commerce. J’invite ceux qui souhaitent ouvrir ce débat à l’inscrire dans le bon véhicule législatif. Par ailleurs, je comprends l’agacement de M. Turquois. On n’a jamais vu quiconque se présenter aux urgences pour un excès de consommation de côtes-du-rhône ou de bordeaux. Chacun sait qu’il s’agit d’autres alcools. Aucune alcoolisation n’est souhaitable, mais il faut veiller à ne pas s’en prendre à un art de vivre dont l’aspect culinaire et viticole n’a rien à voir avec les forts volumes de consommation constatés lors des soirées, dans la vraie vie."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3@2024-10-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3",
   "date": "2024-10-23",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3.html",
   "source_sha256": "553b17b39324ddbc006957a23ae90cec4f64274ef9fa9b37ad44cf5c459ad8ad",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "soda::RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1973",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1973"
   ],
   "order": 1973,
   "text": "L’alcool reste de l’alcool, qu’il soit consommé occasionnellement ou en raison d’une addiction. On peut finir aux urgences en ayant bu trop de côtes‑du‑rhône. Il ne faut pas laisser croire que certaines boissons alcoolisées sont moins dangereuses que d’autres !",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1284 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS1298 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS1529 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendement AS128 M. Jérôme Guedj",
   "article": "Après l’article 7",
   "article_id": "p1352",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0487-t3-p1973",
   "case": "soda",
   "annotation_id": "N50b46c3f992d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’alcool reste de l’alcool, qu’il soit consommé occasionnellement ou en raison d’une addiction. On peut finir aux urgences en ayant bu trop de côtes‑du‑rhône. Il ne faut pas laisser croire que certaines boissons alcoolisées sont moins dangereuses que d’autres !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2144@2025-11-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2144",
   "date": "2025-11-26",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2144.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2144.html",
   "source_sha256": "1f3733f17e59f870880d90f3be769396c6a0daee9eea6b994d1ca27676161874",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795350",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Valletoux",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Valletoux, député, président.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2144-p360",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "360",
    "361",
    "362",
    "363",
    "364"
   ],
   "order": 360,
   "text": "Le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) initial, tel que modifié par la lettre rectificative du 23 octobre, comptait cinquante-six articles. Le texte transmis par le Gouvernement au Sénat le 13 novembre, à l’expiration du délai de vingt jours imparti à l’Assemblée, comprenait soixante‑quatorze articles additionnels et douze articles supprimés Le Sénat, pour sa part, a inséré trente-neuf articles et a en supprimé cinquante-cinq. En application des dispositions de l’article 47‑1, alinéa 2, de la Constitution, il n’a pu adopter aucun article conforme. Dès lors, 169 articles restent en discussion. Ce chiffre montre que dans le court délai qui leur était imparti, nos deux chambres ont beaucoup travaillé, éclairées par les avis des rapporteurs généraux et de l’ensemble des rapporteurs thématiques, que je remercie pour leur engagement constant. Nous avons travaillé sur des sujets importants pour notre pays et pour son avenir mais aussi pour le quotidien des Français, qu’il s’agisse de leur santé, de leur retraite, de leur travail ou de leur famille. Ce nombre – 169 articles – signifie également que la tâche assignée à notre commission mixte paritaire est considérable. Nous nous trouvons face à deux textes diamétralement opposés concernant plusieurs questions importantes et sensibles, qu’il s’agisse du niveau du déficit pour 2026, de la suspension de la réforme des retraites de 2023 ou de la revalorisation des prestations sociales, entre autres exemples. Dans ces conditions, il me semble que nous partons de trop loin pour pouvoir parvenir à un accord non seulement, d’abord, au sein de cette commission mixte paritaire, mais également, ensuite, dans nos deux assemblées. Soyons lucides : les chances de succès paraissent très compromises, ce que confirmeront sans doute nos deux rapporteurs. Cela pourrait très vite nous conduire à constater que notre commission mixte paritaire aura bien du mal à trouver un terrain d’équilibre.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "Article 54",
   "article_id": "p342",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 305,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2144-p360",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nc4564511298a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) initial, tel que modifié par la lettre rectificative du 23 octobre, comptait cinquante-six articles. Le texte transmis par le Gouvernement au Sénat le 13 novembre, à l’expiration du délai de vingt jours imparti à l’Assemblée, comprenait soixante‑quatorze articles additionnels et douze articles supprimés Le Sénat, pour sa part, a inséré trente-neuf articles et a en supprimé cinquante-cinq. En application des dispositions de l’article 47‑1, alinéa 2, de la Constitution, il n’a pu adopter aucun article conforme. Dès lors, 169 articles restent en discussion. Ce chiffre montre que dans le court délai qui leur était imparti, nos deux chambres ont beaucoup travaillé, éclairées par les avis des rapporteurs généraux et de l’ensemble des rapporteurs thématiques, que je remercie pour leur engagement constant. Nous avons travaillé sur des sujets importants pour notre pays et pour son avenir mais aussi pour le quotidien des Français, qu’il s’agisse de leur santé, de leur retraite, de leur travail ou de leur famille. Ce nombre – 169 articles – signifie également que la tâche assignée à notre commission mixte paritaire est considérable. Nous nous trouvons face à deux textes diamétralement opposés concernant plusieurs questions importantes et sensibles, qu’il s’agisse du niveau du déficit pour 2026, de la suspension de la réforme des retraites de 2023 ou de la revalorisation des prestations sociales, entre autres exemples. Dans ces conditions, il me semble que nous partons de trop loin pour pouvoir parvenir à un accord non seulement, d’abord, au sein de cette commission mixte paritaire, mais également, ensuite, dans nos deux assemblées. Soyons lucides : les chances de succès paraissent très compromises, ce que confirmeront sans doute nos deux rapporteurs. Cela pourrait très vite nous conduire à constater que notre commission mixte paritaire aura bien du mal à trouver un terrain d’équilibre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2144@2025-11-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2144",
   "date": "2025-11-26",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2144.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2144.html",
   "source_sha256": "1f3733f17e59f870880d90f3be769396c6a0daee9eea6b994d1ca27676161874",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin, député, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2144-p399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "399",
    "400",
    "401",
    "402",
    "403",
    "404",
    "405",
    "406",
    "407",
    "408",
    "409",
    "410",
    "411",
    "412",
    "413",
    "414",
    "415"
   ],
   "order": 399,
   "text": "Je souhaite la bienvenue à nos collègues sénateurs, dont j’ai suivi de près les débats. Je n’irai pas par quatre chemins : les discussions que j’ai eues avec votre rapporteure générale depuis la transmission du texte issu des travaux de l’Assemblée nous ont permis de constater que, selon toute vraisemblance, la commission mixte paritaire ne pourrait pas parvenir à un accord. Le gel des prestations sociales et la suspension de la réforme des retraites ne sont pas les seuls sujets sur lesquels les divergences sont majeures Certes, on observe des convergences. Les sénateurs ont fait preuve de responsabilité en rétablissant certains articles de la première partie que la loi organique rend indispensables, en particulier l’article liminaire, l’article 1er et l’article 2. C’était souhaitable et nécessaire. D’autres aspects témoignent que l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat trouvent régulièrement des terrains d’entente, y compris sur les textes budgétaires. S’agissant de l’équilibre général, l’Assemblée avait adopté l’article 8 septies, qui étend la déduction forfaitaire de cotisations patronales sur la rémunération des heures supplémentaires aux entreprises de plus de 250 salariés ; le Sénat l’a maintenu sans modification. Les exonérations de cotisations sociales induisent des pertes de recettes. Le sujet est sensible. Le Sénat a également maintenu l’article 12 quinquies, adopté à mon initiative à l’Assemblée, afin d’assurer que l’État compensera pleinement les exonérations ciblées, en particulier celles relatives aux heures supplémentaires. La ministre de l’action et des comptes publics s’était engagée à inscrire les crédits correspondants dans le projet de loi de finances (PLF). Cette mesure rapporterait près de 2,5 milliards d’euros à la sécurité sociale. À l’initiative de la rapporteure générale, le Sénat a fait un pas supplémentaire dans cette voie en amendant l’article 12, pour que la sécurité sociale puisse conserver les gains induits par la réforme des allégements généraux de la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025. Cela nécessitera également des coordinations dans le PLF. Le chemin est encore long vers la pleine compensation des exonérations de cotisations sociales, mais je me réjouis que nous fassions front commun pour y parvenir. S’agissant de l’assurance maladie, les deux chambres se sont largement exprimées contre l’article 18, qui étendait le champ des participations forfaitaires et des franchises, et contre l’article 29, qui limitait la durée d’indemnisation des arrêts de travail des assurés ne relevant pas du dispositif de l’affection de longue durée. Enfin, nous avons voté à la quasi-unanimité l’article 45, qui améliore la retraite des femmes. En effet, il prévoit qu’une partie des majorations de durée d’assurance pour enfant sera prise en compte pour l’éligibilité à la retraite anticipée pour carrière longue et pour les bonifications de service des fonctionnaires et des militaires. Lors de l’examen de l’article 49, le Gouvernement a rehaussé de 1 milliard d’euros l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam), le portant à 271,4 milliards d’euros. Cela représente une hausse de 1,98 % au lieu de 1,6 %. Le Sénat a supprimé l’article à l’initiative de sa commission des affaires sociales, qui juge la projection de l’Ondam « intenable, incohérente et globalement insincère ». Il faudra rétablir l’Ondam. Le Sénat n’en sera pas choqué, puisque c’est un article obligatoire, mais j’appelle l’exécutif à entendre le signal ainsi envoyé. Cependant, ces points d’accord ne masquent pas les divergences. L’article 45 bis, qui décale l’application des mesures d’âge et d’allongement de la durée d’assurance prévues par la réforme des retraites de 2023, constitue un point d’achoppement majeur. Le Sénat l’a supprimé. À titre personnel, je ne pense pas que cette mesure résoudra l’équation budgétaire que pose notre système de retraite, ni qu’elle en assurera la pérennité. Toutefois, à la différence du Sénat, l’Assemblée ne dispose pas d’une majorité : nous sommes obligés de faire des compromis, parfois sur des sujets sensibles. Or l’article 45 bis y a recueilli une majorité de votes favorables. Le désaccord se manifeste également sur l’article 44, qui prévoyait une « année blanche ». Certes, le Sénat a adopté une version moins radicale que celle proposée par le Gouvernement. En effet, le gel des prestations ne s’appliquerait pas à l’AAH. Pour les pensions de retraite, il a supprimé la sous-indexation pluriannuelle et prévu une revalorisation différenciée pour 2026. Néanmoins, l’Assemblée avait supprimé l’article par 308 voix contre 99 : il serait illusoire d’espérer un accord. N’oublions pas que, il y a moins d’un an, le gouvernement de Michel Barnier tombait, entre autres, sur la revalorisation des pensions de retraite. En conséquence, nous n’avions ni budget ni loi de financement de la sécurité sociale au 1er janvier, ce qui nous a coûté plusieurs dixièmes de points de produit intérieur brut. Certes, l’article 44 permettrait de faire des économies, mais l’absence de textes budgétaires serait plus préjudiciable pour la situation financière de la sécurité sociale qu’une revalorisation des prestations sociales. Nos divergences sur ces deux articles suffiraient pour conclure qu’aucun accord d’ensemble n’est possible. Or bien d’autres sujets opposent l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat, comme le gel du barème de la CSG sur les revenus de remplacement, prévu à l’article 6, ou la contribution supplémentaire sur les organismes supplémentaires instaurée par l’article 7. On pourra toujours pointer du doigt l’écart entre les soldes qui résulteraient de chacun des deux textes, à savoir – 24 milliards d’euros pour la copie de l’Assemblée et – 17,5 milliards pour celle du Sénat. Toutefois, je veux croire qu’il existe des marges d’amélioration en nouvelle lecture. Nous pourrions conserver les mesures les plus significatives adoptées par l’Assemblée, tout en réduisant le déficit, estimé à 23 milliards pour 2025. Le seul maintien de la suppression de l’article 12 septies, qui prévoyait que l’Acoss compensera le coût des allégements généraux pour l’Unedic, réduirait le déficit de 4,1 milliards – il se monterait alors à 20 milliards. Ce n’est pas impossible. S’il me semble impossible d’aboutir à un texte commun, cela n’empêchera pas les rapporteurs de l’Assemblée de veiller à conserver les améliorations apportées par le Sénat dans les domaines sur lesquels nous sommes d’accord. Le travail accompli jusqu’ici, de qualité, ne préjuge pas du texte sur lequel nous serons finalement amenés à nous prononcer. La navette se poursuit avec de nombreux acquis – articles adoptés à l’identique, avancées obtenues par différents groupes – et des points qui restent à corriger. Je crois qu’il existe une voie vers l’adoption d’une loi de financement de la sécurité sociale avant la fin de l’année.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "Article 54",
   "article_id": "p342",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1059,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2144-p399",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N8832ffa8700c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite la bienvenue à nos collègues sénateurs, dont j’ai suivi de près les débats. Je n’irai pas par quatre chemins : les discussions que j’ai eues avec votre rapporteure générale depuis la transmission du texte issu des travaux de l’Assemblée nous ont permis de constater que, selon toute vraisemblance, la commission mixte paritaire ne pourrait pas parvenir à un accord. Le gel des prestations sociales et la suspension de la réforme des retraites ne sont pas les seuls sujets sur lesquels les divergences sont majeures Certes, on observe des convergences. Les sénateurs ont fait preuve de responsabilité en rétablissant certains articles de la première partie que la loi organique rend indispensables, en particulier l’article liminaire, l’article 1er et l’article 2. C’était souhaitable et nécessaire. D’autres aspects témoignent que l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat trouvent régulièrement des terrains d’entente, y compris sur les textes budgétaires. S’agissant de l’équilibre général, l’Assemblée avait adopté l’article 8 septies, qui étend la déduction forfaitaire de cotisations patronales sur la rémunération des heures supplémentaires aux entreprises de plus de 250 salariés ; le Sénat l’a maintenu sans modification. Les exonérations de cotisations sociales induisent des pertes de recettes. Le sujet est sensible. Le Sénat a également maintenu l’article 12 quinquies, adopté à mon initiative à l’Assemblée, afin d’assurer que l’État compensera pleinement les exonérations ciblées, en particulier celles relatives aux heures supplémentaires. La ministre de l’action et des comptes publics s’était engagée à inscrire les crédits correspondants dans le projet de loi de finances (PLF). Cette mesure rapporterait près de 2,5 milliards d’euros à la sécurité sociale. À l’initiative de la rapporteure générale, le Sénat a fait un pas supplémentaire dans cette voie en amendant l’article 12, pour que la sécurité sociale puisse conserver les gains induits par la réforme des allégements généraux de la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025. Cela nécessitera également des coordinations dans le PLF. Le chemin est encore long vers la pleine compensation des exonérations de cotisations sociales, mais je me réjouis que nous fassions front commun pour y parvenir. S’agissant de l’assurance maladie, les deux chambres se sont largement exprimées contre l’article 18, qui étendait le champ des participations forfaitaires et des franchises, et contre l’article 29, qui limitait la durée d’indemnisation des arrêts de travail des assurés ne relevant pas du dispositif de l’affection de longue durée. Enfin, nous avons voté à la quasi-unanimité l’article 45, qui améliore la retraite des femmes. En effet, il prévoit qu’une partie des majorations de durée d’assurance pour enfant sera prise en compte pour l’éligibilité à la retraite anticipée pour carrière longue et pour les bonifications de service des fonctionnaires et des militaires. Lors de l’examen de l’article 49, le Gouvernement a rehaussé de 1 milliard d’euros l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam), le portant à 271,4 milliards d’euros. Cela représente une hausse de 1,98 % au lieu de 1,6 %. Le Sénat a supprimé l’article à l’initiative de sa commission des affaires sociales, qui juge la projection de l’Ondam « intenable, incohérente et globalement insincère ». Il faudra rétablir l’Ondam. Le Sénat n’en sera pas choqué, puisque c’est un article obligatoire, mais j’appelle l’exécutif à entendre le signal ainsi envoyé. Cependant, ces points d’accord ne masquent pas les divergences. L’article 45 bis, qui décale l’application des mesures d’âge et d’allongement de la durée d’assurance prévues par la réforme des retraites de 2023, constitue un point d’achoppement majeur. Le Sénat l’a supprimé. À titre personnel, je ne pense pas que cette mesure résoudra l’équation budgétaire que pose notre système de retraite, ni qu’elle en assurera la pérennité. Toutefois, à la différence du Sénat, l’Assemblée ne dispose pas d’une majorité : nous sommes obligés de faire des compromis, parfois sur des sujets sensibles. Or l’article 45 bis y a recueilli une majorité de votes favorables. Le désaccord se manifeste également sur l’article 44, qui prévoyait une « année blanche ». Certes, le Sénat a adopté une version moins radicale que celle proposée par le Gouvernement. En effet, le gel des prestations ne s’appliquerait pas à l’AAH. Pour les pensions de retraite, il a supprimé la sous-indexation pluriannuelle et prévu une revalorisation différenciée pour 2026. Néanmoins, l’Assemblée avait supprimé l’article par 308 voix contre 99 : il serait illusoire d’espérer un accord. N’oublions pas que, il y a moins d’un an, le gouvernement de [PERSONNE] tombait, entre autres, sur la revalorisation des pensions de retraite. En conséquence, nous n’avions ni budget ni loi de financement de la sécurité sociale au 1er janvier, ce qui nous a coûté plusieurs dixièmes de points de produit intérieur brut. Certes, l’article 44 permettrait de faire des économies, mais l’absence de textes budgétaires serait plus préjudiciable pour la situation financière de la sécurité sociale qu’une revalorisation des prestations sociales. Nos divergences sur ces deux articles suffiraient pour conclure qu’aucun accord d’ensemble n’est possible. Or bien d’autres sujets opposent l’Assemblée nationale et le Sénat, comme le gel du barème de la CSG sur les revenus de remplacement, prévu à l’article 6, ou la contribution supplémentaire sur les organismes supplémentaires instaurée par l’article 7. On pourra toujours pointer du doigt l’écart entre les soldes qui résulteraient de chacun des deux textes, à savoir – 24 milliards d’euros pour la copie de l’Assemblée et – 17,5 milliards pour celle du Sénat. Toutefois, je veux croire qu’il existe des marges d’amélioration en nouvelle lecture. Nous pourrions conserver les mesures les plus significatives adoptées par l’Assemblée, tout en réduisant le déficit, estimé à 23 milliards pour 2025. Le seul maintien de la suppression de l’article 12 septies, qui prévoyait que l’Acoss compensera le coût des allégements généraux pour l’Unedic, réduirait le déficit de 4,1 milliards – il se monterait alors à 20 milliards. Ce n’est pas impossible. S’il me semble impossible d’aboutir à un texte commun, cela n’empêchera pas les rapporteurs de l’Assemblée de veiller à conserver les améliorations apportées par le Sénat dans les domaines sur lesquels nous sommes d’accord. Le travail accompli jusqu’ici, de qualité, ne préjuge pas du texte sur lequel nous serons finalement amenés à nous prononcer. La navette se poursuit avec de nombreux acquis – articles adoptés à l’identique, avancées obtenues par différents groupes – et des points qui restent à corriger. Je crois qu’il existe une voie vers l’adoption d’une loi de financement de la sécurité sociale avant la fin de l’année."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5331",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5331"
   ],
   "order": 5331,
   "text": "Cet article marque une nouvelle étape dans l’extension de l’obligation vaccinale. En première lecture, l’Assemblée nationale l’a rejeté ; les sénateurs l’ont rétabli. Je propose sa suppression, au nom du principe de liberté vaccinale des soignants",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS336 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5331",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N643af1b3b4b2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article marque une nouvelle étape dans l’extension de l’obligation vaccinale. En première lecture, l’Assemblée nationale l’a rejeté ; les sénateurs l’ont rétabli. Je propose sa suppression, au nom du principe de liberté vaccinale des soignants"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5332",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5332",
    "5333",
    "5334",
    "5335",
    "5336",
    "5337"
   ],
   "order": 5332,
   "text": "Certains s’opposent par principe à l’obligation vaccinale – je respecte cette position, au nom de la liberté de conscience. Rappelons toutefois que l’obligation vaccinale a permis de faire disparaître des maladies graves et de faire chuter la mortalité infantile Le présent article ne vise pas seulement à rendre obligatoire la vaccination contre la grippe pour les résidents des établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad). Il concerne également la rougeole, maladie dont on observe une résurgence extrêmement inquiétante, notamment pour les enfants les plus jeunes. Nous devons être au rendez-vous de cet enjeu de santé publique. Ne supprimons pas cet article, au nom d’une opposition de principe. Nous pourrons l’amender. Surtout, l’article est rédigé de telle manière que le champ de l’obligation vaccinale évoluera automatiquement en fonction des recommandations d’une autorité scientifique indépendante, la HAS, pour correspondre aux besoins de santé publics. Certaines maladies, qui avaient disparu, resurgissent. Évitons, par excès d’individualisme, de porter atteinte aux autres. Nous devons la protection aux personnes les plus vulnérables. Les professionnels qui ont choisi de travailler auprès des enfants, notamment, se doivent de protéger ceux qui leur ont été confiés. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS336 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 189,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5332",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nfbae253a61c2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Certains s’opposent par principe à l’obligation vaccinale – je respecte cette position, au nom de la liberté de conscience. Rappelons toutefois que l’obligation vaccinale a permis de faire disparaître des maladies graves et de faire chuter la mortalité infantile Le présent article ne vise pas seulement à rendre obligatoire la vaccination contre la grippe pour les résidents des établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad). Il concerne également la rougeole, maladie dont on observe une résurgence extrêmement inquiétante, notamment pour les enfants les plus jeunes. Nous devons être au rendez-vous de cet enjeu de santé publique. Ne supprimons pas cet article, au nom d’une opposition de principe. Nous pourrons l’amender. Surtout, l’article est rédigé de telle manière que le champ de l’obligation vaccinale évoluera automatiquement en fonction des recommandations d’une autorité scientifique indépendante, la HAS, pour correspondre aux besoins de santé publics. Certaines maladies, qui avaient disparu, resurgissent. Évitons, par excès d’individualisme, de porter atteinte aux autres. Nous devons la protection aux personnes les plus vulnérables. Les professionnels qui ont choisi de travailler auprès des enfants, notamment, se doivent de protéger ceux qui leur ont été confiés. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5338",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5338",
    "5339"
   ],
   "order": 5338,
   "text": "Les soignants sont responsables vis-à-vis de ceux qu’ils soignent ! Un soignant, par principe, s’engage à ne pas transmettre de pathologies à ses patients, d’autant que pour une personne fragile, il n’est pas anodin de contracter la grippe. Les études le montrent suffisamment Oui, je respecte la liberté de conscience, mais pensons aussi à la liberté, pour les personnes âgées, de ne pas être contaminés par une maladie potentiellement mortelle.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS336 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 70,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5338",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N86feba70ad49",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LP",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les soignants sont responsables vis-à-vis de ceux qu’ils soignent ! Un soignant, par principe, s’engage à ne pas transmettre de pathologies à ses patients, d’autant que pour une personne fragile, il n’est pas anodin de contracter la grippe. Les études le montrent suffisamment Oui, je respecte la liberté de conscience, mais pensons aussi à la liberté, pour les personnes âgées, de ne pas être contaminés par une maladie potentiellement mortelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5340",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5340"
   ],
   "order": 5340,
   "text": "Les conséquences de certains vaccins ont été trop ignorées, y compris dans les études scientifiques. C’est ce qui explique la montée de l’opposition à la vaccination – que je ne partage pas, mais qui, elle non plus, ne peut être ignorée",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS336 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5340",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb5cda491a248",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les conséquences de certains vaccins ont été trop ignorées, y compris dans les études scientifiques. C’est ce qui explique la montée de l’opposition à la vaccination – que je ne partage pas, mais qui, elle non plus, ne peut être ignorée"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794762",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5341",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5341",
    "5342"
   ],
   "order": 5341,
   "text": "La vaccination est nécessaire pour les personnes les plus fragiles. Toutefois, à partir du moment où cette information est diffusée sur tout le territoire, grâce à la politique de prévention, libre à chacun de décider s’il veut être vacciné ou non Et pensez à ceux pour qui les effets secondaires des vaccins sont si forts qu’ils les empêchent d’aller travailler. Comment ferez-vous, pour eux ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS336 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5341",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N8a994104863a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La vaccination est nécessaire pour les personnes les plus fragiles. Toutefois, à partir du moment où cette information est diffusée sur tout le territoire, grâce à la politique de prévention, libre à chacun de décider s’il veut être vacciné ou non Et pensez à ceux pour qui les effets secondaires des vaccins sont si forts qu’ils les empêchent d’aller travailler. Comment ferez-vous, pour eux ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5345",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5345"
   ],
   "order": 5345,
   "text": "Par l’amendement AS130, nous proposons de rétablir l’obligation vaccinale des résidents des Ehpad, supprimée par le Sénat. Cette obligation n’emporte pas de risque d’éviction des résidents, puisqu’elle n’est pas accompagnée de sanction",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS130 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS426 de Mme Camille Galliard-Minier, amendement AS436 de Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5345",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N4f7633e382de",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par l’amendement AS130, nous proposons de rétablir l’obligation vaccinale des résidents des Ehpad, supprimée par le Sénat. Cette obligation n’emporte pas de risque d’éviction des résidents, puisqu’elle n’est pas accompagnée de sanction"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720154",
   "speaker": "Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "quality": "Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5346",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5346"
   ],
   "order": 5346,
   "text": "Par l’amendement AS426, nous proposons également de rétablir l’obligation vaccinale des résidents en Ehpad. La grippe tue entre 10 000 et 15 000 personnes chaque année. Je ne vois pas pourquoi nous n’obligerions pas nos concitoyens à adopter cette protection nécessaire, dans un contexte d’augmentation du nombre de personnes vaccinées. En outre, la situation des personnes qui présentent des contre-indications et ne peuvent donc être vaccinées sera prise en compte. Quant à l’amendement AS436, il est de repli",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS130 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS426 de Mme Camille Galliard-Minier, amendement AS436 de Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5346",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb1607e30cffc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Par l’amendement AS426, nous proposons également de rétablir l’obligation vaccinale des résidents en Ehpad. La grippe tue entre 10 000 et 15 000 personnes chaque année. Je ne vois pas pourquoi nous n’obligerions pas nos concitoyens à adopter cette protection nécessaire, dans un contexte d’augmentation du nombre de personnes vaccinées. En outre, la situation des personnes qui présentent des contre-indications et ne peuvent donc être vaccinées sera prise en compte. Quant à l’amendement AS436, il est de repli"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5347",
    "5348",
    "5349"
   ],
   "order": 5347,
   "text": "Quelque 82 % des résidents en Ehpad sont déjà vaccinés contre la grippe – les campagnes de vaccination contre ce virus sont très importantes. L’extension de l’obligation vaccinale proposée n’aurait donc pas d’impact massif Par ailleurs, la rédaction initiale de cet article prévoyait d’exclure du champ de l’obligation les personnes présentant des contre-indications pour des raisons de santé. Or vos amendements ne reprennent pas cette disposition – mais je pourrai les sous-amender, en séance publique, si vous les présentez de nouveau. La grippe saisonnière entraîne chaque année 20 000 hospitalisations et 10 000 morts. Toutefois, j’entends également qu’il y a pu y avoir un souci avec d’autres vaccinations. Je m’en remets à la sagesse de la commission.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS130 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS426 de Mme Camille Galliard-Minier, amendement AS436 de Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5347",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N5c52a4a2a61c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Quelque 82 % des résidents en Ehpad sont déjà vaccinés contre la grippe – les campagnes de vaccination contre ce virus sont très importantes. L’extension de l’obligation vaccinale proposée n’aurait donc pas d’impact massif Par ailleurs, la rédaction initiale de cet article prévoyait d’exclure du champ de l’obligation les personnes présentant des contre-indications pour des raisons de santé. Or vos amendements ne reprennent pas cette disposition – mais je pourrai les sous-amender, en séance publique, si vous les présentez de nouveau. La grippe saisonnière entraîne chaque année 20 000 hospitalisations et 10 000 morts. Toutefois, j’entends également qu’il y a pu y avoir un souci avec d’autres vaccinations. Je m’en remets à la sagesse de la commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720154",
   "speaker": "Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "quality": "Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5353",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5353",
    "5354"
   ],
   "order": 5353,
   "text": "Il faut étendre la vaccination à tous les professionnels exerçant dans les mêmes lieux que les professionnels de santé libéraux, pour éviter qu’ils ne contaminent les patients les plus fragiles En France, les vaccins ne sont mis sur le marché qu’après avoir été dûment contrôlés. Je fais partie d’une génération où l’on risquait d’attraper le tétanos ou la tuberculose. Ces maladies sont désormais éradiquées grâce à la vaccination, car la vaccination protège très bien.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS423 de Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "article": "Article 20 : Simplifier et rendre plus efficiente la politique vaccinale",
   "article_id": "p5329",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5353",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N0b6539667fff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut étendre la vaccination à tous les professionnels exerçant dans les mêmes lieux que les professionnels de santé libéraux, pour éviter qu’ils ne contaminent les patients les plus fragiles En France, les vaccins ne sont mis sur le marché qu’après avoir été dûment contrôlés. Je fais partie d’une génération où l’on risquait d’attraper le tétanos ou la tuberculose. Ces maladies sont désormais éradiquées grâce à la vaccination, car la vaccination protège très bien."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5362",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5362",
    "5363",
    "5364"
   ],
   "order": 5362,
   "text": "Il s’agit, là encore, de rétablir un article supprimé par le Sénat. En première lecture, l’Assemblée nationale avait adopté une disposition autorisant les médecins à détenir des vaccins contre la grippe saisonnière en vue d’une administration à leurs patients, selon des modalités définies par voie réglementaire Sur le plan technique, cette mesure présente cependant une certaine complexité, puisqu’il faudrait que les médecins avancent les frais pour acquérir un certain nombre de vaccins et qu’ils se mettent en mesure de les conserver dans des conditions conformes à la réglementation en vigueur. Il n’empêche qu’une telle disposition pourrait avoir un réel impact du point de vue de la prévention et de l’efficience, car un seul contact avec le système de soins permettrait de consulter le statut vaccinal du patient, de lui prescrire le vaccin et de le lui administrer. À mon sens, cette mesure mérite donc au moins d’être testée, et il me paraît opportun de le faire avec le vaccin contre la grippe saisonnière, car la question se pose chaque année. Mon amendement diffère un peu de celui de M. Maudet. Il propose une insertion plus pertinente de cette disposition dans le code de la santé publique et tient compte du vote de l’article 20 en faisant référence non seulement aux recommandations, mais aussi aux obligations vaccinales. Mais il s’agit là de détails rédactionnels : j’invite donc les auteurs de l’amendement AS86 à se rallier à ma rédaction s’ils souhaitent redéposer un amendement en séance.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS561 de M. Thibault Bazin et AS86 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 20 bis : Permettre aux médecins de détenir et conserver le vaccin contre la grippe saisonnière",
   "article_id": "p5360",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 244,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5362",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe91bb49f44e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit, là encore, de rétablir un article supprimé par le Sénat. En première lecture, l’Assemblée nationale avait adopté une disposition autorisant les médecins à détenir des vaccins contre la grippe saisonnière en vue d’une administration à leurs patients, selon des modalités définies par voie réglementaire Sur le plan technique, cette mesure présente cependant une certaine complexité, puisqu’il faudrait que les médecins avancent les frais pour acquérir un certain nombre de vaccins et qu’ils se mettent en mesure de les conserver dans des conditions conformes à la réglementation en vigueur. Il n’empêche qu’une telle disposition pourrait avoir un réel impact du point de vue de la prévention et de l’efficience, car un seul contact avec le système de soins permettrait de consulter le statut vaccinal du patient, de lui prescrire le vaccin et de le lui administrer. À mon sens, cette mesure mérite donc au moins d’être testée, et il me paraît opportun de le faire avec le vaccin contre la grippe saisonnière, car la question se pose chaque année. Mon amendement diffère un peu de celui de M. Maudet. Il propose une insertion plus pertinente de cette disposition dans le code de la santé publique et tient compte du vote de l’article 20 en faisant référence non seulement aux recommandations, mais aussi aux obligations vaccinales. Mais il s’agit là de détails rédactionnels : j’invite donc les auteurs de l’amendement AS86 à se rallier à ma rédaction s’ils souhaitent redéposer un amendement en séance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5370",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5370",
    "5371",
    "5372"
   ],
   "order": 5370,
   "text": "En première lecture, l’Assemblée nationale avait adopté un article 20 ter qui faisait un peu doublon avec l’article 20 bis, que nous venons de rétablir. En effet, il autorisait les médecins à détenir des vaccins – pas seulement celui contre la grippe saisonnière – sur leur lieu d’exercice pour les administrer aux patients qui en feraient la demande. Il a été supprimé par le Sénat, qui a estimé que cette mesure aurait un impact négatif sur la chaîne économique et sanitaire des vaccins et viendrait fragiliser davantage les officines Nous devons approfondir ce sujet. Je propose donc de rétablir l’article 20 ter, mais sous la forme d’une expérimentation. Nous pourrions, dans un premier temps, autoriser seulement certains médecins volontaires, dans plusieurs territoires pilotes, à détenir des vaccins. Cela nous permettrait d’observer les organisations mises en place, l’impact de cette mesure sur les officines alentour et l’évolution de la couverture vaccinale des patients. Nous verrons alors si les craintes exprimées se vérifient ou si l’expérimentation mérite d’être pérennisée. J’invite Mmes Vidal et Mélin à retirer leurs amendements, qui rétablissent l’article 20 ter dans sa rédaction initiale, et à se rallier au mien, qui permet d’atteindre une position d’équilibre.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS560 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS487 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS337 de Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "article": "Article 20 ter : Permettre à l’ensemble des médecins de détenir des vaccins dans leurs cabinets",
   "article_id": "p5368",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 197,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5370",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N01ecead786dd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En première lecture, l’Assemblée nationale avait adopté un article 20 ter qui faisait un peu doublon avec l’article 20 bis, que nous venons de rétablir. En effet, il autorisait les médecins à détenir des vaccins – pas seulement celui contre la grippe saisonnière – sur leur lieu d’exercice pour les administrer aux patients qui en feraient la demande. Il a été supprimé par le Sénat, qui a estimé que cette mesure aurait un impact négatif sur la chaîne économique et sanitaire des vaccins et viendrait fragiliser davantage les officines Nous devons approfondir ce sujet. Je propose donc de rétablir l’article 20 ter, mais sous la forme d’une expérimentation. Nous pourrions, dans un premier temps, autoriser seulement certains médecins volontaires, dans plusieurs territoires pilotes, à détenir des vaccins. Cela nous permettrait d’observer les organisations mises en place, l’impact de cette mesure sur les officines alentour et l’évolution de la couverture vaccinale des patients. Nous verrons alors si les craintes exprimées se vérifient ou si l’expérimentation mérite d’être pérennisée. J’invite Mmes Vidal et Mélin à retirer leurs amendements, qui rétablissent l’article 20 ter dans sa rédaction initiale, et à se rallier au mien, qui permet d’atteindre une position d’équilibre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5374"
   ],
   "order": 5374,
   "text": "Le rapporteur général propose effectivement une solution d’équilibre, qui ouvre une possibilité technique d’améliorer la couverture vaccinale. La situation actuelle ne permet pas toujours une vaccination rapide, si bien que nous ratons des occasions de vacciner des patients qui le souhaitent. À l’inverse, les officines seront un peu lésées, car elles se verront privées d’une partie de leur activité. La solution intermédiaire préconisée par le rapporteur général me semble raisonnable ; nous allons donc nous aussi retirer notre amendement",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS560 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS487 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS337 de Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "article": "Article 20 ter : Permettre à l’ensemble des médecins de détenir des vaccins dans leurs cabinets",
   "article_id": "p5368",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 79,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5374",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N66b796b6b184",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le rapporteur général propose effectivement une solution d’équilibre, qui ouvre une possibilité technique d’améliorer la couverture vaccinale. La situation actuelle ne permet pas toujours une vaccination rapide, si bien que nous ratons des occasions de vacciner des patients qui le souhaitent. À l’inverse, les officines seront un peu lésées, car elles se verront privées d’une partie de leur activité. La solution intermédiaire préconisée par le rapporteur général me semble raisonnable ; nous allons donc nous aussi retirer notre amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720154",
   "speaker": "Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "quality": "Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5375",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5375"
   ],
   "order": 5375,
   "text": "La gestion par les médecins d’un stock de vaccins me semble tout de même assez compliquée. Non seulement il conviendra de respecter la chaîne du froid, mais il faudra également faire avec un éparpillement des stocks dans de nombreux endroits différents. L’année dernière, on a distribué trop de vaccins contre la grippe, car les gens se sont fait moins vacciner. Il y a donc un risque de perte de produits. Cette mesure ne constitue pas une économie, mais plutôt une charge financière non négligeable",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS560 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS487 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS337 de Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "article": "Article 20 ter : Permettre à l’ensemble des médecins de détenir des vaccins dans leurs cabinets",
   "article_id": "p5368",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5375",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N66521032b982",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La gestion par les médecins d’un stock de vaccins me semble tout de même assez compliquée. Non seulement il conviendra de respecter la chaîne du froid, mais il faudra également faire avec un éparpillement des stocks dans de nombreux endroits différents. L’année dernière, on a distribué trop de vaccins contre la grippe, car les gens se sont fait moins vacciner. Il y a donc un risque de perte de produits. Cette mesure ne constitue pas une économie, mais plutôt une charge financière non négligeable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5376",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5376"
   ],
   "order": 5376,
   "text": "Dans la vraie vie, après que les patients ont retiré leur vaccin en officine, ils le placent à n’importe quel étage de leur frigidaire, entre les poireaux et les carottes, et ils attendent. Les conditions de conservation du vaccin, eu égard notamment au risque de rupture de la chaîne du froid, ne sont donc pas toujours respectées. Pourtant, la vaccination semble souvent fonctionner",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS560 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS487 de Mme Annie Vidal et AS337 de Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "article": "Article 20 ter : Permettre à l’ensemble des médecins de détenir des vaccins dans leurs cabinets",
   "article_id": "p5368",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5376",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N42ffd9bad08a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dans la vraie vie, après que les patients ont retiré leur vaccin en officine, ils le placent à n’importe quel étage de leur frigidaire, entre les poireaux et les carottes, et ils attendent. Les conditions de conservation du vaccin, eu égard notamment au risque de rupture de la chaîne du froid, ne sont donc pas toujours respectées. Pourtant, la vaccination semble souvent fonctionner"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6089",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "6089"
   ],
   "order": 6089,
   "text": "L’amendement AS266 est identique. Le texte initial prévoyait un Ondam en hausse de 2 milliards d’euros, ce qui était notoirement insuffisant. Nous étions convenus d’ajouter 1 milliard, raison pour laquelle la suppression totale de l’article par les sénateurs ne paraît pas judicieuse",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS581 de M. Thibault Bazin et AS266 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS268 et AS243 de Mme Élise Leboucher, amendement AS365 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS419, AS458 et AS459 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendements AS376 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS265 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 49 (supprimé) : Fixation de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie de l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base ainsi que de ses sous‑objectifs pour 2026",
   "article_id": "p6084",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6089",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N124ee11d7319",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS266 est identique. Le texte initial prévoyait un Ondam en hausse de 2 milliards d’euros, ce qui était notoirement insuffisant. Nous étions convenus d’ajouter 1 milliard, raison pour laquelle la suppression totale de l’article par les sénateurs ne paraît pas judicieuse"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6090",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "6090"
   ],
   "order": 6090,
   "text": "L’amendement AS268 vise à allouer 150 millions d’euros supplémentaires pour la rémunération des praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne. Ce ne sont pas des sous-médecins et il n’y a aucune raison pour que leur salaire soit si bas par rapport à leurs homologues européens. Il est à mon sens grand temps de revenir sur cette discrimination",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS581 de M. Thibault Bazin et AS266 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS268 et AS243 de Mme Élise Leboucher, amendement AS365 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS419, AS458 et AS459 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendements AS376 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS265 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 49 (supprimé) : Fixation de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie de l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base ainsi que de ses sous‑objectifs pour 2026",
   "article_id": "p6084",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6090",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N0e45506ef17b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS268 vise à allouer 150 millions d’euros supplémentaires pour la rémunération des praticiens à diplôme hors Union européenne. Ce ne sont pas des sous-médecins et il n’y a aucune raison pour que leur salaire soit si bas par rapport à leurs homologues européens. Il est à mon sens grand temps de revenir sur cette discrimination"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI‑NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6091",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "6091",
    "6092",
    "6093",
    "6094",
    "6095"
   ],
   "order": 6091,
   "text": "L’amendement AS243 tend, lui, à accorder plusieurs rallonges très légères La première, de 1,1 milliard d’euros, correspond aux besoins dont ont fait état les fédérations et des syndicats hospitaliers. En effet, eu égard à leur niveau d’endettement, les hôpitaux, qui ne peuvent plus emprunter à la Caisse des dépôts, ne sont plus en mesure d’investir et ne disposent plus de fonds de roulement. La deuxième, de 500 millions d’euros, est destinée aux établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), dont le déficit cumulé sur une année serait ainsi épongé. Quant à la troisième, de 70 millions d’euros, elle permettrait simplement d’éviter la dégradation des comptes des établissements et services sociaux et médico-sociaux en 2026. J’y insiste : c’est le minimum du minimum et je crois que nous pouvons nous entendre sur ces montants.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS581 de M. Thibault Bazin et AS266 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS268 et AS243 de Mme Élise Leboucher, amendement AS365 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS419, AS458 et AS459 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendements AS376 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS265 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 49 (supprimé) : Fixation de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie de l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base ainsi que de ses sous‑objectifs pour 2026",
   "article_id": "p6084",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 133,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6091",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nee6691556e20",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS243 tend, lui, à accorder plusieurs rallonges très légères La première, de 1,1 milliard d’euros, correspond aux besoins dont ont fait état les fédérations et des syndicats hospitaliers. En effet, eu égard à leur niveau d’endettement, les hôpitaux, qui ne peuvent plus emprunter à la Caisse des dépôts, ne sont plus en mesure d’investir et ne disposent plus de fonds de roulement. La deuxième, de 500 millions d’euros, est destinée aux établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), dont le déficit cumulé sur une année serait ainsi épongé. Quant à la troisième, de 70 millions d’euros, elle permettrait simplement d’éviter la dégradation des comptes des établissements et services sociaux et médico-sociaux en 2026. J’y insiste : c’est le minimum du minimum et je crois que nous pouvons nous entendre sur ces montants."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6096",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "6096"
   ],
   "order": 6096,
   "text": "L’an dernier, l’Assemblée a adopté un amendement visant à tripler le fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad en difficulté financière, le portant de 100 à 300 millions d’euros. Dans la mesure où ces crédits ont été largement utilisés, nous proposons, par l’amendement AS365, de pérenniser ce fonds par un abondement de l’Ondam médico‑social à hauteur de 200 millions. Ces crédits permettraient, d’une part, d’améliorer la qualité des repas, de lutter contre la dénutrition et de privilégier les circuits courts, sans pour autant accroître le tarif journalier et, d’autre part, d’ouvrir les Ehpad sur leur environnement et de les insérer dans la cité, de sorte qu’ils soient, au-delà de leurs résidents, des acteurs de proximité de l’accompagnement des fragilités",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS581 de M. Thibault Bazin et AS266 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS268 et AS243 de Mme Élise Leboucher, amendement AS365 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS419, AS458 et AS459 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendements AS376 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS265 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 49 (supprimé) : Fixation de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie de l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base ainsi que de ses sous‑objectifs pour 2026",
   "article_id": "p6084",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6096",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N95ae56ab6933",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’an dernier, l’Assemblée a adopté un amendement visant à tripler le fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad en difficulté financière, le portant de 100 à 300 millions d’euros. Dans la mesure où ces crédits ont été largement utilisés, nous proposons, par l’amendement AS365, de pérenniser ce fonds par un abondement de l’Ondam médico‑social à hauteur de 200 millions. Ces crédits permettraient, d’une part, d’améliorer la qualité des repas, de lutter contre la dénutrition et de privilégier les circuits courts, sans pour autant accroître le tarif journalier et, d’autre part, d’ouvrir les Ehpad sur leur environnement et de les insérer dans la cité, de sorte qu’ils soient, au-delà de leurs résidents, des acteurs de proximité de l’accompagnement des fragilités"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6097",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "6097",
    "6098",
    "6099"
   ],
   "order": 6097,
   "text": "Mediapart a publié ce soir un très bon article sur le cas d’une policière en parfaite santé qui, en 2018, est morte d’une infection à méningocoques, seule sur un brancard, dans la salle d’attente d’un hôpital, sans avoir reçu aucun soin. Nous connaissons tous de nombreux exemples de ce type, mais celui-ci est intéressant, car l’hôpital concerné était poursuivi et un jugement a été rendu. Le témoignage d’un infirmier est éclairant : « À partir du mois de juin, nous avions plus de 300 passages par jour aux urgences. Nous avions fait un sondage auprès de l’équipe des paramédicaux : 70 % pensaient que la surveillance et la prise en charge des patients étaient dégradées. L’attente était de quatre à dix heures. Il y avait eu des faits de violence dans les urgences. La salle d’attente était tellement saturée que les soignants n’osaient même plus y mettre les pieds, car ils étaient trop sollicités par les patients et leurs familles. Nous avons alerté sur le manque de personnel, l’épuisement des équipes et une situation insoutenable. » Voilà la réalité concrète que vivent les soignants et les patients. D’ailleurs, la Cour des comptes indique que pour suivre l’augmentation normale des dépenses de santé, l’Ondam devrait augmenter de 3,4 %, un niveau dont le PLFSS, dans sa version initiale, est très éloigné. Or si nous ne nous en rapprochons pas, les cas comme celui de cette policière se multiplieront. C’est très bien si certaines personnes peuvent partir trois mois plus tôt à la retraite, mais le prix à payer, monsieur Guedj, sera la mort de certaines personnes dans les services d’urgences. Au bout du compte, il faut que le PLFSS inclue cette hausse de 3,4 % de l’Ondam. Je ne le demande pas par fétichisme : je refuse de cautionner de telles situations à l’hôpital.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS581 de M. Thibault Bazin et AS266 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS268 et AS243 de Mme Élise Leboucher, amendement AS365 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS419, AS458 et AS459 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendements AS376 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS265 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 49 (supprimé) : Fixation de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie de l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base ainsi que de ses sous‑objectifs pour 2026",
   "article_id": "p6084",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 303,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6097",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N200c8b83d9ae",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mediapart a publié ce soir un très bon article sur le cas d’une policière en parfaite santé qui, en 2018, est morte d’une infection à méningocoques, seule sur un brancard, dans la salle d’attente d’un hôpital, sans avoir reçu aucun soin. Nous connaissons tous de nombreux exemples de ce type, mais celui-ci est intéressant, car l’hôpital concerné était poursuivi et un jugement a été rendu. Le témoignage d’un infirmier est éclairant : « À partir du mois de juin, nous avions plus de 300 passages par jour aux urgences. Nous avions fait un sondage auprès de l’équipe des paramédicaux : 70 % pensaient que la surveillance et la prise en charge des patients étaient dégradées. L’attente était de quatre à dix heures. Il y avait eu des faits de violence dans les urgences. La salle d’attente était tellement saturée que les soignants n’osaient même plus y mettre les pieds, car ils étaient trop sollicités par les patients et leurs familles. Nous avons alerté sur le manque de personnel, l’épuisement des équipes et une situation insoutenable. » Voilà la réalité concrète que vivent les soignants et les patients. D’ailleurs, la Cour des comptes indique que pour suivre l’augmentation normale des dépenses de santé, l’Ondam devrait augmenter de 3,4 %, un niveau dont le PLFSS, dans sa version initiale, est très éloigné. Or si nous ne nous en rapprochons pas, les cas comme celui de cette policière se multiplieront. C’est très bien si certaines personnes peuvent partir trois mois plus tôt à la retraite, mais le prix à payer, monsieur Guedj, sera la mort de certaines personnes dans les services d’urgences. Au bout du compte, il faut que le PLFSS inclue cette hausse de 3,4 % de l’Ondam. Je ne le demande pas par fétichisme : je refuse de cautionner de telles situations à l’hôpital."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6100",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "6100",
    "6101"
   ],
   "order": 6100,
   "text": "Cette vaste discussion commune est aussi l’occasion d’aborder un sujet dont tout le monde parle, mais qui n’est pas d’ordre législatif : les franchises médicales, que le Gouvernement envisage de doubler par décret pour obtenir une économie de 2,3 milliards d’euros Sur ce point, notre position est claire. Soit le Gouvernement souhaite maintenir cette baisse et il doit alors s’engager à ne pas doubler les franchises et trouver des économies sur l’efficience ou toute autre chose qui n’aurait pas d’impact sur la qualité des soins ou sur le reste à charge des assurés sociaux ; peut-être y a-t-il encore des marges de manœuvre. Soit le Gouvernement ne baisse tout simplement pas l’Ondam relatif aux soins de ville, ce que nous proposons par l’amendement AS376. Je vous invite à le voter pour signifier notre refus du doublement des franchises médicales.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS581 de M. Thibault Bazin et AS266 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS268 et AS243 de Mme Élise Leboucher, amendement AS365 de Mme Sandrine Runel, amendements AS419, AS458 et AS459 de M. Hendrik Davi, amendements AS376 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS265 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 49 (supprimé) : Fixation de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie de l’ensemble des régimes obligatoires de base ainsi que de ses sous‑objectifs pour 2026",
   "article_id": "p6084",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 139,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p6100",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nc48b29066e6c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette vaste discussion commune est aussi l’occasion d’aborder un sujet dont tout le monde parle, mais qui n’est pas d’ordre législatif : les franchises médicales, que le Gouvernement envisage de doubler par décret pour obtenir une économie de 2,3 milliards d’euros Sur ce point, notre position est claire. Soit le Gouvernement souhaite maintenir cette baisse et il doit alors s’engager à ne pas doubler les franchises et trouver des économies sur l’efficience ou toute autre chose qui n’aurait pas d’impact sur la qualité des soins ou sur le reste à charge des assurés sociaux ; peut-être y a-t-il encore des marges de manœuvre. Soit le Gouvernement ne baisse tout simplement pas l’Ondam relatif aux soins de ville, ce que nous proposons par l’amendement AS376. Je vous invite à le voter pour signifier notre refus du doublement des franchises médicales."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "Mme Amélie de Montchalin, ministre de l’action et des comptes publics.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p144",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "144",
    "145",
    "146",
    "147",
    "148",
    "149",
    "150",
    "151",
    "152",
    "153",
    "154",
    "155",
    "156",
    "157",
    "158",
    "159",
    "160",
    "161",
    "162"
   ],
   "order": 144,
   "text": "Si nous vous présentons un texte, au fond, nous vous passons surtout le relais. Comme le Premier ministre l’a dit, nous avons déposé les textes dans les délais prévus par la Constitution pour donner un budget au pays ainsi qu’à la sécurité sociale et, partant, sortir notre pays de l’incertitude et redonner à tous un cap clair. Ce texte a été rédigé dans un esprit de responsabilité et d’humilité. Plus que jamais, le Gouvernement se place au service du Parlement pour faire aboutir la discussion et parvenir à un compromis en renonçant à l’usage de l’article 49, alinéa 3. Nous devons être responsables parce que la situation des comptes publics est préoccupante et qu’il nous faut poursuivre les efforts commencés en 2025, sans quoi il nous deviendra très vite impossible de stabiliser notre dette à un horizon viable Je vais d’abord rappeler quelques éléments sur la situation générale des finances publiques. En 2025, la dette publique atteindrait 116 % du produit intérieur brut (PIB) ; 118 % en 2026. Surtout, notre charge de la dette atteindrait 74 milliards d’euros, soit 8 milliards de plus que cette année. Ces 74 milliards, soit l’équivalent du budget de la branche famille et de la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles (AT-MP) réunies, correspondent à ce que nous devrons l’an prochain à nos créanciers non pas pour rembourser la dette mais uniquement au titre de nos intérêts. Dans le champ de la sécurité sociale, le déficit prévu pour 2025 serait de 23 milliards d’euros, après 10 milliards en 2023 et 15 milliards en 2024. Moins de deux ans après la fin des dernières opérations de transfert de dette vers la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale (Cades), correspondant à la reprise de tous les déficits accumulés en 2020, 2021, 2022 et 2023, la dette sociale est d’ores et déjà reconstituée : nous terminerons l’année avec un volume de près de 65 milliards à l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale (Acoss). Nous projetons, si le PLFSS était voté en l’état, ce qui ne sera probablement pas le cas, un plafond d’endettement de l’Acoss de 83 milliards pour 2026. Néanmoins, je viens devant vous sans catastrophisme ni fatalisme, mais avec un message : il est possible de reprendre en main nos finances publiques. De fait, pour la première fois depuis plusieurs années, en 2025, notre objectif de déficit de 5,4 % – j’insiste sur ce « notre », car c’était le fruit d’un compromis parlementaire inédit dans une commission mixte paritaire conclusive, qui a permis de promulguer un budget – est en passe d’être tenu, notamment parce que la sécurité sociale y contribue. La cible de recettes serait atteinte à 0,2 % près ; celle de dépenses pourrait même être légèrement inférieure à ce qui était prévu. Surtout, pour la première fois depuis la crise sanitaire, l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) est en passe d’être respecté. Nous l’avons exécuté, en toute transparence vis-à-vis de vous, selon une approche prudentielle. À ce propos, je tiens à saluer la mise en réserve inédite qu’avait décidée Catherine Vautrin. Nous avons ainsi suivi de manière rapprochée les dépenses puis pris, grâce à la procédure d’alerte, un certain nombre de mesures de redressement. Ce résultat est d’autant moins anodin que la cible de dépenses de l’Ondam avait été dépassée de 1,5 milliard d’euros en 2024 et de près de 3,5 milliards en 2023. Toutefois, en 2025, l’Ondam progresserait deux fois plus vite que la croissance. La croissance du PIB et l’inflation s’élèvent à 1,7 % en 2025, tandis que la croissance de l’Ondam sera de 3,6 % – vous aviez voté 3,4 %. Mais nous devons aller plus loin et nous efforcer de stabiliser la situation financière de la sécurité sociale. Pour que la dette cesse d’augmenter en 2029, aucun scénario n’est crédible sans un retour à l’équilibre de la sécurité sociale. En l’absence de mesures cette année, les 23 milliards d’euros de déficit en 2025 deviendraient 29 milliards l’an prochain et 34 milliards à l’horizon 2029. Nous courons le risque de perdre le contrôle de notre sécurité sociale si nous n’agissons pas maintenant. Cette dégradation se traduit par un fait simple : les recettes progressent tendanciellement moins vite que nos dépenses ou, pour le dire autrement, nos dépenses augmentent tendanciellement beaucoup plus vite que la croissance. Le coût de la protection sociale augmente donc plus vite que la richesse créée par notre économie. Ainsi, l’Ondam représentait 8,2 % du PIB en 2019 ; il en représente aujourd’hui près de 9 %. Notre objectif est de stabiliser cette dépense à 8 8, %, c’est-à-dire à son niveau de 2024, afin d’atteindre les 3 % de déficit en 2029. Le retour à l’équilibre de la sécurité sociale est un impératif – et il est réalisable. C’est un impératif puisque, d’après la logique de notre protection sociale, les générations futures ne doivent pas financer nos dépenses d’aujourd’hui. Aussi nous faut-il faire face de manière structurelle à une baisse de la population en âge d’activité face à une hausse de la population qui n’est plus en activité. L’équité intergénérationnelle est déjà un enjeu, qui va prendre de plus en plus d’importance. Le second impératif, c’est que nous ne pouvons pas demander un effort de maîtrise des dépenses à l’État et aux collectivités sans envisager une maîtrise des dépenses des administrations de sécurité sociale (Asso), qui représentent 47 % de la dépense publique. Je veux le dire ici avec beaucoup de conviction : reprendre en main nos dépenses sociales, ce n’est pas faire des coupes sombres. Le budget qui vous est présenté, ce sont des dépenses qui augmentent de 11 milliards d’euros et des recettes qui augmentent de 16 milliards. Ce sont ainsi 5 milliards de plus pour la branche santé, 0,5 milliard de plus pour la branche AT‑MP, 4 milliards de plus pour la branche vieillesse et 1,5 milliard de plus pour la branche autonomie, les dépenses de la branche famille restant stables – 11 milliards d’euros de plus pour les Français. Pour construire ce budget, nous avons fait des choix, qui pourront évidemment être débattus. D’abord, pas de rabot généralisé. Au sein de l’Ondam, par exemple, les moyens augmentent notamment pour le sous-objectif hospitalier, ainsi que dans le champ médico‑social, de près de 1 milliard d’euros. Nous assumons aussi de faire baisser certains financements moins efficients : prise en charge des cures thermales ou de certains médicaments moins efficaces ; meilleure régulation des arrêts de travail ; mesures de lutte contre la fraude. Nous essayons de limiter les rentes, nous faisons des choix et nous essayons de mettre sur la table les dépenses qui nous semblent prioritaires. Deuxièmement, nous avons souhaité mieux positionner les incitations dans les domaines où nous considérons que la structure de dépenses ou de recettes peut être améliorée. Je pense aux dépassements d’honoraires, au mécanisme des ruptures conventionnelles, qui peut être amélioré, ou au meilleur équilibre du cumul emploi-retraite. Troisième principe : nous souhaitons que la contribution soit équitable et partagée et que les efforts soient un peu plus importants là où la dépense a le plus progressé. Notre pays est et restera, après l’effort de la sécurité sociale et celui des mutuelles, celui où le reste à payer est le plus bas du monde. Un quart des Français sont exonérés des forfaits de responsabilité, ou franchises : c’est bien un choix de justice fiscale et sociale. Nous mettons à contribution les organismes complémentaires et une baisse des prix dans le champ du médicament, inédite mais proportionnée, est également proposée. Quatrièmement, le retour à un fondement de la protection sociale : celle-ci est bien financée par les cotisations qui reposent sur le travail ; certains droits doivent donc aussi pouvoir faire l’objet d’une vigilance quand les dynamiques de dépenses sont trop élevées. Cinquième principe : de nouveaux droits et un investissement assumé dans la prévention. Pendant longtemps, on a dit que Bercy était contre la prévention au prétexte que celle-ci coûtait cher à l’instant T sans qu’on sache quand elle était rentable. Je crois précisément l’inverse : il faut investir aujourd’hui pour que l’emballement des comptes n’ait pas lieu demain. Dernier principe : donner de la lisibilité aux acteurs pour tracer des perspectives pluriannuelles dès lors qu’elles sont possibles. Vous êtes nombreux à nous avoir interrogés sur les enjeux de lutte contre la fraude. Pour éviter que les bonnes mesures votées en commission fassent, comme chaque année, l’objet d’une censure du Conseil constitutionnel, nous avons déposé la semaine dernière, en même temps que le projet de loi de finances (PLF), un projet de loi sur la fraude fiscale et sociale. Il s’agit de mieux repérer, de mieux sanctionner et de mieux recouvrer. Pendant des années, on a su détecter la fraude fiscale sans parvenir pour autant à faire rentrer l’argent dans les caisses, puis il y a eu de grands progrès. Le projet de loi permettra la même évolution dans le domaine social, grâce à la création d’une procédure de flagrance sociale et à d’autres éléments touchant les professionnels de santé qui détournent l’argent précieux de la sécurité sociale. Ce projet de loi de lutte contre la fraude pourrait être examiné en alternance avec les textes financiers – ce sera évidemment à la Conférence des présidents de le décider. Ainsi, les travaux débuteraient au Sénat, si sa Conférence des présidents le confirme, juste avant l’examen du PLFSS. La sécurité sociale doit être protégée – protégée, au fond, de nous-mêmes, qui avons imaginé beaucoup de dépenses décorrélées de notre croissance économique. Une solution pour sauvegarder la sécurité sociale, c’est soutenir le travail, soutenir les entreprises et notre création de richesse : plus nous aurons de croissance, plus nous aurons de recettes et plus nous pourrons être à la hauteur de ce que nous demandent les Français.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1630,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p144",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Na780b79fcfbf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si nous vous présentons un texte, au fond, nous vous passons surtout le relais. Comme le Premier ministre l’a dit, nous avons déposé les textes dans les délais prévus par la Constitution pour donner un budget au pays ainsi qu’à la sécurité sociale et, partant, sortir notre pays de l’incertitude et redonner à tous un cap clair. Ce texte a été rédigé dans un esprit de responsabilité et d’humilité. Plus que jamais, le Gouvernement se place au service du Parlement pour faire aboutir la discussion et parvenir à un compromis en renonçant à l’usage de l’article 49, alinéa 3. Nous devons être responsables parce que la situation des comptes publics est préoccupante et qu’il nous faut poursuivre les efforts commencés en 2025, sans quoi il nous deviendra très vite impossible de stabiliser notre dette à un horizon viable Je vais d’abord rappeler quelques éléments sur la situation générale des finances publiques. En 2025, la dette publique atteindrait 116 % du produit intérieur brut (PIB) ; 118 % en 2026. Surtout, notre charge de la dette atteindrait 74 milliards d’euros, soit 8 milliards de plus que cette année. Ces 74 milliards, soit l’équivalent du budget de la branche famille et de la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles (AT-MP) réunies, correspondent à ce que nous devrons l’an prochain à nos créanciers non pas pour rembourser la dette mais uniquement au titre de nos intérêts. Dans le champ de la sécurité sociale, le déficit prévu pour 2025 serait de 23 milliards d’euros, après 10 milliards en 2023 et 15 milliards en 2024. Moins de deux ans après la fin des dernières opérations de transfert de dette vers la Caisse d’amortissement de la dette sociale (Cades), correspondant à la reprise de tous les déficits accumulés en 2020, 2021, 2022 et 2023, la dette sociale est d’ores et déjà reconstituée : nous terminerons l’année avec un volume de près de 65 milliards à l’Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale (Acoss). Nous projetons, si le PLFSS était voté en l’état, ce qui ne sera probablement pas le cas, un plafond d’endettement de l’Acoss de 83 milliards pour 2026. Néanmoins, je viens devant vous sans catastrophisme ni fatalisme, mais avec un message : il est possible de reprendre en main nos finances publiques. De fait, pour la première fois depuis plusieurs années, en 2025, notre objectif de déficit de 5,4 % – j’insiste sur ce « notre », car c’était le fruit d’un compromis parlementaire inédit dans une commission mixte paritaire conclusive, qui a permis de promulguer un budget – est en passe d’être tenu, notamment parce que la sécurité sociale y contribue. La cible de recettes serait atteinte à 0,2 % près ; celle de dépenses pourrait même être légèrement inférieure à ce qui était prévu. Surtout, pour la première fois depuis la crise sanitaire, l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) est en passe d’être respecté. Nous l’avons exécuté, en toute transparence vis-à-vis de vous, selon une approche prudentielle. À ce propos, je tiens à saluer la mise en réserve inédite qu’avait décidée [PERSONNE]. Nous avons ainsi suivi de manière rapprochée les dépenses puis pris, grâce à la procédure d’alerte, un certain nombre de mesures de redressement. Ce résultat est d’autant moins anodin que la cible de dépenses de l’Ondam avait été dépassée de 1,5 milliard d’euros en 2024 et de près de 3,5 milliards en 2023. Toutefois, en 2025, l’Ondam progresserait deux fois plus vite que la croissance. La croissance du PIB et l’inflation s’élèvent à 1,7 % en 2025, tandis que la croissance de l’Ondam sera de 3,6 % – vous aviez voté 3,4 %. Mais nous devons aller plus loin et nous efforcer de stabiliser la situation financière de la sécurité sociale. Pour que la dette cesse d’augmenter en 2029, aucun scénario n’est crédible sans un retour à l’équilibre de la sécurité sociale. En l’absence de mesures cette année, les 23 milliards d’euros de déficit en 2025 deviendraient 29 milliards l’an prochain et 34 milliards à l’horizon 2029. Nous courons le risque de perdre le contrôle de notre sécurité sociale si nous n’agissons pas maintenant. Cette dégradation se traduit par un fait simple : les recettes progressent tendanciellement moins vite que nos dépenses ou, pour le dire autrement, nos dépenses augmentent tendanciellement beaucoup plus vite que la croissance. Le coût de la protection sociale augmente donc plus vite que la richesse créée par notre économie. Ainsi, l’Ondam représentait 8,2 % du PIB en 2019 ; il en représente aujourd’hui près de 9 %. Notre objectif est de stabiliser cette dépense à 8 8, %, c’est-à-dire à son niveau de 2024, afin d’atteindre les 3 % de déficit en 2029. Le retour à l’équilibre de la sécurité sociale est un impératif – et il est réalisable. C’est un impératif puisque, d’après la logique de notre protection sociale, les générations futures ne doivent pas financer nos dépenses d’aujourd’hui. Aussi nous faut-il faire face de manière structurelle à une baisse de la population en âge d’activité face à une hausse de la population qui n’est plus en activité. L’équité intergénérationnelle est déjà un enjeu, qui va prendre de plus en plus d’importance. Le second impératif, c’est que nous ne pouvons pas demander un effort de maîtrise des dépenses à l’État et aux collectivités sans envisager une maîtrise des dépenses des administrations de sécurité sociale (Asso), qui représentent 47 % de la dépense publique. Je veux le dire ici avec beaucoup de conviction : reprendre en main nos dépenses sociales, ce n’est pas faire des coupes sombres. Le budget qui vous est présenté, ce sont des dépenses qui augmentent de 11 milliards d’euros et des recettes qui augmentent de 16 milliards. Ce sont ainsi 5 milliards de plus pour la branche santé, 0,5 milliard de plus pour la branche AT‑MP, 4 milliards de plus pour la branche vieillesse et 1,5 milliard de plus pour la branche autonomie, les dépenses de la branche famille restant stables – 11 milliards d’euros de plus pour les Français. Pour construire ce budget, nous avons fait des choix, qui pourront évidemment être débattus. D’abord, pas de rabot généralisé. Au sein de l’Ondam, par exemple, les moyens augmentent notamment pour le sous-objectif hospitalier, ainsi que dans le champ médico‑social, de près de 1 milliard d’euros. Nous assumons aussi de faire baisser certains financements moins efficients : prise en charge des cures thermales ou de certains médicaments moins efficaces ; meilleure régulation des arrêts de travail ; mesures de lutte contre la fraude. Nous essayons de limiter les rentes, nous faisons des choix et nous essayons de mettre sur la table les dépenses qui nous semblent prioritaires. Deuxièmement, nous avons souhaité mieux positionner les incitations dans les domaines où nous considérons que la structure de dépenses ou de recettes peut être améliorée. Je pense aux dépassements d’honoraires, au mécanisme des ruptures conventionnelles, qui peut être amélioré, ou au meilleur équilibre du cumul emploi-retraite. Troisième principe : nous souhaitons que la contribution soit équitable et partagée et que les efforts soient un peu plus importants là où la dépense a le plus progressé. Notre pays est et restera, après l’effort de la sécurité sociale et celui des mutuelles, celui où le reste à payer est le plus bas du monde. Un quart des Français sont exonérés des forfaits de responsabilité, ou franchises : c’est bien un choix de justice fiscale et sociale. Nous mettons à contribution les organismes complémentaires et une baisse des prix dans le champ du médicament, inédite mais proportionnée, est également proposée. Quatrièmement, le retour à un fondement de la protection sociale : celle-ci est bien financée par les cotisations qui reposent sur le travail ; certains droits doivent donc aussi pouvoir faire l’objet d’une vigilance quand les dynamiques de dépenses sont trop élevées. Cinquième principe : de nouveaux droits et un investissement assumé dans la prévention. Pendant longtemps, on a dit que Bercy était contre la prévention au prétexte que celle-ci coûtait cher à l’instant T sans qu’on sache quand elle était rentable. Je crois précisément l’inverse : il faut investir aujourd’hui pour que l’emballement des comptes n’ait pas lieu demain. Dernier principe : donner de la lisibilité aux acteurs pour tracer des perspectives pluriannuelles dès lors qu’elles sont possibles. Vous êtes nombreux à nous avoir interrogés sur les enjeux de lutte contre la fraude. Pour éviter que les bonnes mesures votées en commission fassent, comme chaque année, l’objet d’une censure du Conseil constitutionnel, nous avons déposé la semaine dernière, en même temps que le projet de loi de finances (PLF), un projet de loi sur la fraude fiscale et sociale. Il s’agit de mieux repérer, de mieux sanctionner et de mieux recouvrer. Pendant des années, on a su détecter la fraude fiscale sans parvenir pour autant à faire rentrer l’argent dans les caisses, puis il y a eu de grands progrès. Le projet de loi permettra la même évolution dans le domaine social, grâce à la création d’une procédure de flagrance sociale et à d’autres éléments touchant les professionnels de santé qui détournent l’argent précieux de la sécurité sociale. Ce projet de loi de lutte contre la fraude pourrait être examiné en alternance avec les textes financiers – ce sera évidemment à la Conférence des présidents de le décider. Ainsi, les travaux débuteraient au Sénat, si sa Conférence des présidents le confirme, juste avant l’examen du PLFSS. La sécurité sociale doit être protégée – protégée, au fond, de nous-mêmes, qui avons imaginé beaucoup de dépenses décorrélées de notre croissance économique. Une solution pour sauvegarder la sécurité sociale, c’est soutenir le travail, soutenir les entreprises et notre création de richesse : plus nous aurons de croissance, plus nous aurons de recettes et plus nous pourrons être à la hauteur de ce que nous demandent les Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
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   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist, ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées.",
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   "text": "Pendant les huit ans que j’ai passés au sein de cette commission, nous avons su, malgré nos désaccords, préserver ce bien rare qu’est le dialogue ; je souhaite qu’il persiste et soit fécond Le Premier ministre l’a dit, ce PLFSS est une copie de départ. Sans usage de l’article 49, alinéa 3, de la Constitution, le texte final sera ce que le Parlement en fera et il sera nécessairement bien différent du texte initial. La sécurité sociale est le ciment le plus solide de notre cohésion nationale. Il nous appartient de ne pas en faire un simple guichet, mais bien un héritage à protéger et à faire prospérer. Il nous faut regarder la réalité en face : passant de 13 milliards d’euros en 2023 à 23 milliards en 2025, le déficit aura presque doublé en deux ans. Si aucune mesure n’était prise, il atteindrait 33,7 milliards en 2029. Nous pourrions, bien sûr, repousser les décisions et prendre la décision confortable de ne pas agir. Au contraire, nous assumons de dire qu’il nous appartient de ne pas faire peser une dette sociale insoutenable sur les générations futures. Notre système de santé est l’un des piliers de notre modèle social. Il a démontré sa solidité, sa capacité à protéger, à soigner, à innover, mais il est aussi soumis à des tensions croissantes – une population vieillissante, une explosion des maladies chroniques, des inégalités d’accès aux soins qui se creusent, une pression financière toujours plus forte. C’est pourquoi ce projet de loi vise un cap clair : adapter notre système de santé pour garantir sa pérennité, renforcer la prévention, améliorer l’accès aux soins, tout en responsabilisant chaque acteur. Le texte propose ainsi que les dépenses de santé puissent continuer de progresser, à hauteur de 5 milliards d’euros en 2026. Toutefois, cette augmentation doit s’accompagner de mesures de freinage des dépenses pour que chaque euro utilisé le soit toujours à bon escient. Tous les acteurs du système de santé seront appelés à participer. Il est, dans les débats, beaucoup question des assurés. Effectivement, une augmentation des montants des forfaits de responsabilité, appelés jusque‑là « franchises », est prévue, ainsi que de leurs plafonds. Mais 18 millions de Français, soit un assuré sur trois environ, n’y sont pas assujettis, comme les bénéficiaires de la complémentaire santé solidaire, les femmes enceintes, les mineurs, les personnes les plus fragiles. Ensuite, la France demeurera le pays où le reste à payer est le plus faible. Ma priorité sera toujours d’assurer la protection des plus vulnérables. Aussi le mécanisme de plafonnement de l’ensemble des contributions est-il bien maintenu même si le plafond annuel est relevé, ce qui permettra de limiter la contribution des patients atteints de maladies chroniques ayant des soins lourds et très coûteux. Pour vous donner un ordre de grandeur de l’impact de cette mesure, la contribution moyenne par assuré représente environ 42 euros supplémentaires par an. L’effort collectif concernera chacune et chacun, quel que soit le secteur. Il s’agit donc d’un projet de loi juste et responsable, même s’il est exigeant et nécessite des adaptations, voire des transformations de notre système de santé. Ainsi, l’effort sera également abondé par la contribution des organismes complémentaires et des acteurs industriels du médicament et du dispositif médical, grâce à une baisse importante des prix. Enfin – nous y sommes tous ici très attachés –, ce PLFSS met à contribution les secteurs dont la rentabilité peut être qualifiée d’excessive afin que chaque euro versé par l’assurance maladie soit utilement mobilisé au service des assurés. Ce texte permet de poursuivre des réformes structurelles. La prévention continuera de se développer, grâce à la création d’un statut du risque chronique et à la mise en place de nouveaux parcours de prévention absolument déterminants pour prévenir l’apparition et l’aggravation de pathologies chroniques, en amont de l’entrée dans le dispositif d’affection de longue durée (ALD). Ces parcours incluront des prestations aujourd’hui non remboursées, comme l’accompagnement à l’activité physique et les consultations de diététique ou de psychologie. Nous renforçons également l’organisation territoriale de l’offre de soins, en consolidant les structures de soins non programmés et en réformant la permanence des soins ambulatoires. Nous facilitons un accès rapide, efficace et coordonné aux soins. Nous mettrons aussi en œuvre le pacte de lutte contre les déserts médicaux. Un nouveau statut de praticien territorial de médecine ambulatoire sera créé. Il offrira un soutien financier et organisationnel à de jeunes médecins qui s’engageront à exercer deux ans dans les zones les plus en tension. Dès la rentrée 2026, les internes en dernière année de médecine générale effectueront un stage d’un an dans les zones où l’accès aux soins est difficile. Nous faciliterons l’installation des pharmacies dans les communes de moins de 2 500 habitants pour favoriser un maillage officinal de proximité. Enfin, ce pacte sera renforcé par la mise en place d’un réseau de 5 000 maisons France Santé d’ici à 2027 sur l’ensemble du territoire, comme s’y est engagé le Premier ministre. La fin de vie, elle aussi, sera mieux accompagnée, conformément aux engagements pris par ma prédécesseure, Catherine Vautrin. Le déploiement d’unités de soins palliatifs dans chaque département, le renforcement des équipes mobiles et le développement des soins à domicile seront soutenus à hauteur de 100 millions d’euros. Je ne peux terminer sur la branche maladie sans évoquer la grande cause nationale qu’est la santé mentale et faire un point sur le financement de la psychiatrie. Entre 1990 et la fin des années 2020, l’Ondam concernant la psychiatrie est passé de 11 % à 6 %. Depuis 2020, les crédits ont augmenté de plus de 44 % pour atteindre près de 13 milliards d’euros en 2025, cinquante-trois nouvelles mesures s’appliquant depuis 2021. L’Ondam hospitalier du présent PLFSS intègre ainsi 65 millions d’euros de mesures nouvelles pour appuyer les actions en matière de santé mentale. 2026 devra marquer une confirmation de la mobilisation interministérielle dans ce domaine, sur la base des engagements de mon prédécesseur, Yannick Neuder, et autour du triptyque repérer, soigner, reconstruire. Quatre-vingts ans après sa création, la sécurité sociale fait face à un défi financier de long terme en lien avec notre situation démographique. Le nombre de naissances a chuté de 20 % depuis 2010, tandis que, très bientôt, plus d’un tiers de la population sera âgée de plus de 60 ans. Ce changement a et aura des effets sur l’équilibre de la sécurité sociale : sur les recettes, du fait de la baisse du nombre d’actifs, mais également sur les dépenses en soins, en accompagnement de la perte d’autonomie et de retraite. Ce PLFSS comporte donc des mesures structurelles pour s’adapter au virage démographique d’un bout à l’autre de la vie. L’action porte tout d’abord sur la branche famille, dont nous sommes attachés à préserver les fondamentaux et l’universalité, tout en nous adaptant aux demandes des parents. Afin de donner plus de choix concrets aux familles pour l’accueil de leurs jeunes enfants, ce PLFSS permet la création très attendue d’un congé supplémentaire de naissance, bien rémunéré, que chacun des deux parents pourra prendre pour une durée allant jusqu’à deux mois chacun, soit quatre mois supplémentaires en tout. En s’ajoutant aux congés de paternité et de maternité existants, il permettra d’atteindre les six mois de l’enfant. Près de 90 % des parents estiment qu’il s’agit du meilleur mode de garde pendant cette période, ce que les travaux des 1 000 premiers jours confirment s’agissant du développement de l’enfant. Cette mesure servira l’égalité femmes-hommes en incitant les deux parents à s’impliquer conjointement dès le premier mois. Le PLFSS vient également conforter la trajectoire financière de la branche famille accompagnant la mise en œuvre du service public de la petite enfance pour l’offre de garde formelle, avec le déploiement en année pleine de la réforme du complément de libre choix du mode de garde (CMG), pour un coût de 600 millions d’euros par an. Elle permet de baisser le reste à charge lors du recours à une assistante maternelle pour les familles modestes qui travaillent ou qui ont besoin d’un nombre élevé d’heures de garde. Cela aura des effets positifs sur l’appel aux assistantes maternelles dans les territoires où l’offre de crèches est plus faible. Le CMG est également étendu jusqu’aux 12 ans de l’enfant pour les familles monoparentales ; il sera partageable en cas de garde alternée à partir du 1er décembre. Ce PLFSS, c’est aussi la poursuite de la trajectoire d’investissement dans la création de places de crèche : 35 000 sont prévues, et l’articulation est renforcée avec les communes, qui sont, depuis le 1er janvier de cette année, l’autorité organisatrice de l’accueil des jeunes enfants. Dans un contexte où 60 % des besoins de garde des enfants de moins de 3 ans sont couverts et où le nombre d’assistantes maternelles diminue, j’y consacrerai toute mon énergie. Je laisserai la ministre déléguée chargée de l’autonomie et des personnes en situation de handicap développer l’ensemble des enjeux relatifs au grand âge et au handicap ; je ne peux toutefois conclure sans évoquer le virage que ce PLFSS opère vers l’habitat intermédiaire. Il s’agit d’une solution clef, entre le domicile historique et l’établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), dans notre stratégie pour aider tous les territoires à faire face à la hausse du nombre de personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie. Ainsi, 100 millions d’euros supplémentaires seront déployés en direction de cette priorité stratégique. J’aurai à cœur de travailler avec les départements pour faire avancer nos politiques en faveur des personnes âgées. Ce texte, désormais le vôtre, devrait permettre de préserver le très haut niveau de protection de notre système social, de poursuivre les réformes structurelles et de réduire le déficit de la sécurité sociale. Je vous propose que nous y travaillions ensemble.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
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   "words": 1615,
   "inclusion": "direct",
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   "analysis_text": "de cette année, l’autorité organisatrice de l’accueil des jeunes enfants. Dans un contexte où 60 % des besoins de garde des enfants de moins de 3 ans sont couverts et où le nombre d’assistantes maternelles diminue, j’y consacrerai toute mon énergie. Je laisserai la ministre déléguée chargée de l’autonomie et des personnes en situation de handicap développer l’ensemble des enjeux relatifs au grand âge et au handicap ; je ne peux toutefois conclure sans évoquer le virage que ce PLFSS opère vers l’habitat intermédiaire. Il s’agit d’une solution clef, entre le domicile historique et l’établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), dans notre stratégie pour aider tous les territoires à faire face à la hausse du nombre de personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie. Ainsi, 100 millions d’euros supplémentaires seront déployés en direction de cette priorité stratégique. J’aurai à cœur de travailler avec les départements pour faire avancer nos politiques en faveur des personnes âgées. Ce texte, désormais le vôtre, devrait permettre de préserver le très haut niveau de protection de notre système social, de poursuivre les réformes structurelles et de réduire le déficit de la sécurité sociale. Je vous propose que nous y travaillions ensemble."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA873624",
   "speaker": "Jean-Pierre Farandou",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Pierre Farandou, ministre du travail et des solidarités.",
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   "order": 181,
   "text": "Je suis très honoré d’être présent devant vous. Il m’est arrivé, en tant que président de la SNCF, d’être entendu par votre commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire. J’ai toujours apprécié les temps d’échange avec les parlementaires ; je suis sûr que nous continuerons à avoir un dialogue fécond J’aborde ma mission de ministre et cette première audition avec beaucoup d’humilité, comme un débutant, et d’ouverture d’esprit. Avant d’entrer dans le vif du sujet, permettez-moi de revenir très vite sur ma participation à ce gouvernement, sur laquelle certains ont pu s’interroger. J’ai d’abord été mû par l’envie de servir mon pays et de mettre mon expérience professionnelle au service du travail et de la solidarité. Mes quarante-cinq ans à la SNCF m’ont peut-être permis d’acquérir certains bons réflexes. Devenir ministre, c’est poursuivre cet engagement. La SNCF est une entreprise publique, au service des Français et des territoires – une bonne préparation à ma nouvelle fonction. Les sujets qui relèvent de mon ministère me parlent à titre personnel. J’ai beaucoup travaillé et beaucoup croisé de travailleurs dans différents emplois. La dimension humaine du travail, les compétences, le dialogue social, les conditions de travail ou la valorisation du travail, tous ces sujets m’ont concerné à la SNCF. Je suis sûr que cette expérience sera utile à l’ensemble des Français. La solidarité est aussi une composante de mon engagement. Je me suis en effet engagé en faveur de la médiation dans les quartiers difficiles ; je viens de m’engager pour l’égalité femmes-hommes. Dans un État moderne, on ne doit pas oublier ceux qui sont au bord de la route, ceux qui ont moins de chance que les autres. Il faut savoir tendre la main à ces gens‑là pour qu’ils trouvent leur place dans le projet national. Enfin, c’est l’envie d’agir qui m’a conduit vers ce gouvernement. On peut rester spectateur, prendre le rôle facile du commentateur ; j’ai fait le choix de plonger dans la mêlée – ou dans la piscine –, d’agir pour apporter, à ma place et modestement, avec d’autres et avec vous, des solutions aux problèmes que connaissent nos compatriotes. Mon ambition sera bien sûr, en droite ligne avec ce qui a été dit précédemment, de défendre ce modèle social remarquable, l’un des meilleurs au monde. Car il a besoin d’être défendu, notamment pour les raisons financières qui ont été rappelées, tout comme le travail doit être promu. Le travail est un élément de dignité. Avoir un travail, c’est avoir une place dans la société. Le travail est aussi l’occasion d’être utile et la réponse à nos problèmes de financement. L’emploi qualifié, le fait de travailler davantage, de commencer plus jeune, d’arrêter plus tard, de travailler avec intensité : voilà autant d’éléments dont nous devrons débattre, car ils sont nécessaires à la pérennisation de notre modèle. J’en viens au PLFSS. Je l’ai dit, le système social français est remarquable, mais il a quatre-vingts ans. L’enjeu est qu’il dure encore longtemps ; or il est fragilisé. Ses soubassements économiques sont secoués par des évolutions structurelles qu’il faut regarder avec lucidité et dont la première est le vieillissement. La France vieillit et il faut s’en réjouir, car cela signifie que notre modèle de santé fonctionne très bien, mais cela déséquilibre le système de retraites par répartition, dans lequel les actifs payent pour les retraités. On connaît le problème, mais il n’a pas encore été résolu. Parallèlement, les soins coûtent de plus en plus cher. Il faut s’occuper de ces déséquilibres. Le mode de financement repose en grande part sur le travail, si bien qu’il est très sensible au coût de celui-ci. Il faut veiller, à cet égard, à ne pas opposer coût du travail et compétitivité de nos entreprises : la solution passe par la synergie entre ces deux aspects, qui ne s’opposent pas, mais se nourrissent mutuellement. Il y a un lien entre le travail, l’emploi – sa structure, sa qualification –, le développement économique, la politique industrielle et la politique énergétique : c’est sur tout ce système qu’il faut travailler. Les trois grands blocs – santé, travail, solidarité – sont un patrimoine qu’il faut, comme une maison, céder en bon état aux générations futures. C’est à nous de tenir ce système et de veiller à ne pas léguer une dette sociale trop lourde aux générations futures. Les jeunes d’aujourd’hui seront les actifs de demain, et les actifs seront des retraités qui devront peut-être affronter des problèmes d’autonomie. Tout cela a un coût, qui doit être équilibré. Les dépenses de sécurité sociale, soit 666 milliards d’euros, s’élèvent à 10 000 euros par an et par Français, ce qui est considérable. Dans une logique contractuelle, les recettes doivent couvrir les coûts. J’ai appris récemment que, en ce qui concerne l’Acoss, ce ne sont pas seulement les intérêts qu’il faut rembourser, mais aussi l’emprunt principal. Il faut faire très attention à nos capacités de remboursement – Amélie de Montchalin l’a rappelé, le plafond d’endettement de l’Acoss a atteint un niveau très élevé – et à la gestion de la dette du système. Il faut donc agir sur les dépenses et sur les recettes. Dans les deux cas, cela implique des efforts, lesquels doivent être justes et partagés par tout le monde : les bénéficiaires, les entreprises, les salariés, les retraités, les actifs, mais aussi les opérateurs, s’agissant de la performance de leur prestation. Notre action passera aussi par la lutte contre la fraude : il est moralement inacceptable que certains abusent du système alors que les euros publics sont rares. Le projet de loi qui arrivera prochainement au Parlement permettra de renforcer les moyens de lutte contre la fraude fiscale et sociale ; il nous donnera les outils pour être plus efficaces. Le principe de l’année blanche, générique et général, s’applique aux prestations et aux pensions de retraite. Dans le projet de loi tel qu’il vous a été présenté, celles-ci ne seront donc pas valorisées. Je le redis : ce projet est un projet. Il correspond aux objectifs que nous nous sommes fixés : il concourt à la maîtrise de l’accroissement du déficit de la sécurité sociale et à la tenue du déficit de 4,7 % du budget général. Je suis certain que vous ne manquerez pas de nous interpeller et de nous faire des propositions. Je serai attentif au respect des contraintes : nous serons ouverts à la discussion sur les solutions dès lors que les grands équilibres sont tenus. L’année blanche sur les prestations et pensions pèse lourd – pas moins de 3,6 milliards d’euros. Il faut donc être conscient que toute modification aurait des effets importants. Dans la même logique, il est prévu de geler les montants des revenus utilisés pour déterminer l’application des taux réduits ou nuls pour la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) et les revenus de remplacement, et par extension pour la contribution pour le remboursement de la dette sociale (CRDS), la contribution additionnelle de solidarité pour l’autonomie et les cotisations d’assurance maladie sur les retraites complémentaires. Au total, cela permettra une économie de 300 millions d’euros. Le budget s’appuie ensuite sur l’effort des entreprises. Sur ce point, nous faisons attention car, je le redis, c’est la capacité des entreprises à se développer qui nourrit le volet emploi. Je souhaite donc ménager leur compétitivité et rechercher avec prudence un équilibre entre compétitivité et économies. Néanmoins, nous avons décidé une réduction complémentaire des allégements généraux de cotisations sociales des entreprises, lesquels représentent une masse conséquente de 80 milliards d’euros. Une première marche avait été franchie l’an dernier. Nous proposons non seulement de la prolonger, mais aussi d’en faire une supplémentaire, à peu près du même montant – environ 1,5 milliard d’euros. Nous veillerons bien sûr à ce que les exemptions au niveau du Smic soient maximales, dans une logique de maintien des allégements jusqu’à trois fois le Smic suivant une courbe qui est à discuter. S’agissant des recettes, nous avons souhaité remettre en question le principe même des niches dès lors que celles-ci consistent en une exemption de cotisations ou de fiscalité sur quelque chose qui ressemble à une rémunération. Je le redis : ce projet pourra donner lieu à des discussions. D’un côté, l’année blanche pour tous les flux, de l’autre, la réduction des niches : c’est une question d’équité. Il s’agira de se réinterroger sur l’origine et l’histoire de chaque niche ; des dérogations seront possibles, mais devront être justes, justifiées et ajustées. Les retraites sont au cœur d’un débat passé, présent et futur que certains d’entre vous connaissent très bien – je rends hommage à tous ceux qui ont beaucoup travaillé sur ce sujet compliqué. Plus qu’un débat comptable, c’est un débat de société. La retraite est un prolongement naturel du travail, sa dernière étape. On pourrait d’ailleurs réfléchir à des formules associant travail et retraite et promouvoir les dispositifs existants en ce sens ; il faut peut-être savoir discuter la rupture absolue entre les deux. Il n’y a pas que des difficultés dans ce projet de budget. Il y a aussi de bonnes nouvelles, comme l’amélioration de la réforme des retraites de 2023 pour les femmes qui sont mères : pour celles qui ont un enfant, le calcul de la pension sera fait sur les vingt-quatre meilleures années et, pour celles qui en ont deux, sur les vingt-trois meilleures. Pour les carrières longues, deux trimestres supplémentaires pourront être incorporés dans le calcul. Notre attention à ces sujets est justifiée : il demeure des écarts importants entre les retraites des hommes et celles des femmes ; il n’est pas anormal de contribuer à la réduction de ces inégalités. La suspension de la réforme a été annoncée par le Premier ministre au cours de sa déclaration de politique générale, avec beaucoup de sincérité – c’est à tort que certains ont pu exprimer quelques doutes à ce sujet. Les annonces qu’il a faites aujourd’hui montrent d’ailleurs sa détermination à trouver le chemin d’un débat en bonne et due forme à l’Assemblée nationale. Cet engagement qu’il a pris sera tenu. Le sérieux budgétaire s’appliquera à la suspension de la réforme : dès lors que les modalités en auront été précisées, après le dernier passage en Conseil des ministres, nous tiendrons compte du coût de la suspension en 2026 et 2027 pour l’intégrer dans l’élaboration du PLFSS et le compenser. Le Premier ministre l’a dit, cette suspension assez longue, jusqu’au 1er janvier 2028, doit être utile. Il n’aura échappé à personne que se déroulera d’ici là l’élection présidentielle, qui a une importance majeure dans notre pays. Nous avons donc le temps de remettre sur la table les grands sujets. Ceux-ci ont déjà été discutés et rebattus, mais j’aimerais souligner deux éléments nouveaux, qui seront abordés lors d’une conférence sur le travail et les retraites que nous lancerons certainement vers la fin novembre. Le premier de ces éléments consiste à étendre au travail le champ du débat. Ce sujet n’était pas suffisamment pris en compte dans la première réforme, alors que le travail affecte, dans nombre de ses dimensions – sa valorisation, les conditions dans lesquelles il s’exerce ou encore sa pénibilité –, le débat sur les retraites. Nous aurons donc un atelier très dense sur le sujet, mais aussi des ateliers spécifiques à chacun des secteurs privé et public, dont les systèmes et les acteurs ne sont pas les mêmes. Il me semble ensuite que le moment est venu d’ouvrir tranquillement – je n’ai aucun avis préconçu – un débat serein sur les régimes. Le régime par répartition, le grand régime historique en France, en vigueur depuis l’après-guerre, rencontre quelques difficultés. Arriverons-nous à trouver les conditions de sa pérennité ? Si l’on est honnête intellectuellement, on voit que la question se pose. D’autres solutions alternatives sont possibles et ont été explorées il y a peu de temps. Faut-il poursuivre cette exploration ? Un sujet doit être mis sur la table sans tabou : l’introduction d’une part de capitalisation, qui concerne déjà un certain nombre de Français. Chacun réfléchira au fonctionnement, aux avantages et inconvénients de ces deux régimes. À partir de là, il existe selon moi deux points de sortie possibles – et peut-être même plus. Je formule le vœu qu’après avoir pris le temps de rediscuter du fond, un accord soit trouvé entre partenaires sociaux ; je n’écarte pas cette hypothèse. On n’en a pas été très loin, à une ou deux reprises, mais, pour des raisons diverses, on n’a pas réussi à aller au bout. En prenant le temps de la discussion et de l’écoute, il n’est pas impossible qu’on y parvienne. En tout cas, il faut jouer cette carte. L’enjeu est trop important pour ne pas le faire. Si nous n’y arrivons pas, il faudra que les Français tranchent d’une façon ou d’une autre. Le débat aura été éclairant, chacun se sera exprimé sur le sujet ; le matériau sera rassemblé, structuré et organisé : il sera soumis de manière démocratique à l’avis du pays et les Français diront ce qu’ils souhaitent pour leur système de retraites pour les dix, vingt, trente ans à venir. La démocratie fera son œuvre le moment venu. Je le redis : ma méthode, c’est le dialogue. Je n’ai pas d’avis préconçu, ce qui est une force : j’arrive l’esprit libre. Je souhaite sincèrement écouter toutes les parties prenantes et je le ferai. Si je le peux, j’aiderai à clarifier le débat et, pourquoi pas, à trouver une synthèse. J’y mettrai mon énergie, ma patience et mon temps. (Plusieurs députés du groupe LFI-NFP s’exclament : « Et la lettre ? »)",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 2252,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p181",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N6b59d1f6e93d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très honoré d’être présent devant vous. Il m’est arrivé, en tant que président de la SNCF, d’être entendu par votre commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire. J’ai toujours apprécié les temps d’échange avec les parlementaires ; je suis sûr que nous continuerons à avoir un dialogue fécond J’aborde ma mission de ministre et cette première audition avec beaucoup d’humilité, comme un débutant, et d’ouverture d’esprit. Avant d’entrer dans le vif du sujet, permettez-moi de revenir très vite sur ma participation à ce gouvernement, sur laquelle certains ont pu s’interroger. J’ai d’abord été mû par l’envie de servir mon pays et de mettre mon expérience professionnelle au service du travail et de la solidarité. Mes quarante-cinq ans à la SNCF m’ont peut-être permis d’acquérir certains bons réflexes. Devenir ministre, c’est poursuivre cet engagement. La SNCF est une entreprise publique, au service des Français et des territoires – une bonne préparation à ma nouvelle fonction. Les sujets qui relèvent de mon ministère me parlent à titre personnel. J’ai beaucoup travaillé et beaucoup croisé de travailleurs dans différents emplois. La dimension humaine du travail, les compétences, le dialogue social, les conditions de travail ou la valorisation du travail, tous ces sujets m’ont concerné à la SNCF. Je suis sûr que cette expérience sera utile à l’ensemble des Français. La solidarité est aussi une composante de mon engagement. Je me suis en effet engagé en faveur de la médiation dans les quartiers difficiles ; je viens de m’engager pour l’égalité femmes-hommes. Dans un État moderne, on ne doit pas oublier ceux qui sont au bord de la route, ceux qui ont moins de chance que les autres. Il faut savoir tendre la main à ces gens‑là pour qu’ils trouvent leur place dans le projet national. Enfin, c’est l’envie d’agir qui m’a conduit vers ce gouvernement. On peut rester spectateur, prendre le rôle facile du commentateur ; j’ai fait le choix de plonger dans la mêlée – ou dans la piscine –, d’agir pour apporter, à ma place et modestement, avec d’autres et avec vous, des solutions aux problèmes que connaissent nos compatriotes. Mon ambition sera bien sûr, en droite ligne avec ce qui a été dit précédemment, de défendre ce modèle social remarquable, l’un des meilleurs au monde. Car il a besoin d’être défendu, notamment pour les raisons financières qui ont été rappelées, tout comme le travail doit être promu. Le travail est un élément de dignité. Avoir un travail, c’est avoir une place dans la société. Le travail est aussi l’occasion d’être utile et la réponse à nos problèmes de financement. L’emploi qualifié, le fait de travailler davantage, de commencer plus jeune, d’arrêter plus tard, de travailler avec intensité : voilà autant d’éléments dont nous devrons débattre, car ils sont nécessaires à la pérennisation de notre modèle. J’en viens au PLFSS. Je l’ai dit, le système social français est remarquable, mais il a quatre-vingts ans. L’enjeu est qu’il dure encore longtemps ; or il est fragilisé. Ses soubassements économiques sont secoués par des évolutions structurelles qu’il faut regarder avec lucidité et dont la première est le vieillissement. La France vieillit et il faut s’en réjouir, car cela signifie que notre modèle de santé fonctionne très bien, mais cela déséquilibre le système de retraites par répartition, dans lequel les actifs payent pour les retraités. On connaît le problème, mais il n’a pas encore été résolu. Parallèlement, les soins coûtent de plus en plus cher. Il faut s’occuper de ces déséquilibres. Le mode de financement repose en grande part sur le travail, si bien qu’il est très sensible au coût de celui-ci. Il faut veiller, à cet égard, à ne pas opposer coût du travail et compétitivité de nos entreprises : la solution passe par la synergie entre ces deux aspects, qui ne s’opposent pas, mais se nourrissent mutuellement. Il y a un lien entre le travail, l’emploi – sa structure, sa qualification –, le développement économique, la politique industrielle et la politique énergétique : c’est sur tout ce système qu’il faut travailler. Les trois grands blocs – santé, travail, solidarité – sont un patrimoine qu’il faut, comme une maison, céder en bon état aux générations futures. C’est à nous de tenir ce système et de veiller à ne pas léguer une dette sociale trop lourde aux générations futures. Les jeunes d’aujourd’hui seront les actifs de demain, et les actifs seront des retraités qui devront peut-être affronter des problèmes d’autonomie. Tout cela a un coût, qui doit être équilibré. Les dépenses de sécurité sociale, soit 666 milliards d’euros, s’élèvent à 10 000 euros par an et par Français, ce qui est considérable. Dans une logique contractuelle, les recettes doivent couvrir les coûts. J’ai appris récemment que, en ce qui concerne l’Acoss, ce ne sont pas seulement les intérêts qu’il faut rembourser, mais aussi l’emprunt principal. Il faut faire très attention à nos capacités de remboursement – [PERSONNE] l’a rappelé, le plafond d’endettement de l’Acoss a atteint un niveau très élevé – et à la gestion de la dette du système. Il faut donc agir sur les dépenses et sur les recettes. Dans les deux cas, cela implique des efforts, lesquels doivent être justes et partagés par tout le monde : les bénéficiaires, les entreprises, les salariés, les retraités, les actifs, mais aussi les opérateurs, s’agissant de la performance de leur prestation. Notre action passera aussi par la lutte contre la fraude : il est moralement inacceptable que certains abusent du système alors que les euros publics sont rares. Le projet de loi qui arrivera prochainement au Parlement permettra de renforcer les moyens de lutte contre la fraude fiscale et sociale ; il nous donnera les outils pour être plus efficaces. Le principe de l’année blanche, générique et général, s’applique aux prestations et aux pensions de retraite. Dans le projet de loi tel qu’il vous a été présenté, celles-ci ne seront donc pas valorisées. Je le redis : ce projet est un projet. Il correspond aux objectifs que nous nous sommes fixés : il concourt à la maîtrise de l’accroissement du déficit de la sécurité sociale et à la tenue du déficit de 4,7 % du budget général. Je suis certain que vous ne manquerez pas de nous interpeller et de nous faire des propositions. Je serai attentif au respect des contraintes : nous serons ouverts à la discussion sur les solutions dès lors que les grands équilibres sont tenus. L’année blanche sur les prestations et pensions pèse lourd – pas moins de 3,6 milliards d’euros. Il faut donc être conscient que toute modification aurait des effets importants. Dans la même logique, il est prévu de geler les montants des revenus utilisés pour déterminer l’application des taux réduits ou nuls pour la contribution sociale généralisée (CSG) et les revenus de remplacement, et par extension pour la contribution pour le remboursement de la dette sociale (CRDS), la contribution additionnelle de solidarité pour l’autonomie et les cotisations d’assurance maladie sur les retraites complémentaires. Au total, cela permettra une économie de 300 millions d’euros. Le budget s’appuie ensuite sur l’effort des entreprises. Sur ce point, nous faisons attention car, je le redis, c’est la capacité des entreprises à se développer qui nourrit le volet emploi. Je souhaite donc ménager leur compétitivité et rechercher avec prudence un équilibre entre compétitivité et économies. Néanmoins, nous avons décidé une réduction complémentaire des allégements généraux de cotisations sociales des entreprises, lesquels représentent une masse conséquente de 80 milliards d’euros. Une première marche avait été franchie l’an dernier. Nous proposons non seulement de la prolonger, mais aussi d’en faire une supplémentaire, à peu près du même montant – environ 1,5 milliard d’euros. Nous veillerons bien sûr à ce que les exemptions au niveau du Smic soient maximales, dans une logique de maintien des allégements jusqu’à trois fois le Smic suivant une courbe qui est à discuter. S’agissant des recettes, nous avons souhaité remettre en question le principe même des niches dès lors que celles-ci consistent en une exemption de cotisations ou de fiscalité sur quelque chose qui ressemble à une rémunération. Je le redis : ce projet pourra donner lieu à des discussions. D’un côté, l’année blanche pour tous les flux, de l’autre, la réduction des niches : c’est une question d’équité. Il s’agira de se réinterroger sur l’origine et l’histoire de chaque niche ; des dérogations seront possibles, mais devront être justes, justifiées et ajustées. Les retraites sont au cœur d’un débat passé, présent et futur que certains d’entre vous connaissent très bien – je rends hommage à tous ceux qui ont beaucoup travaillé sur ce sujet compliqué. Plus qu’un débat comptable, c’est un débat de société. La retraite est un prolongement naturel du travail, sa dernière étape. On pourrait d’ailleurs réfléchir à des formules associant travail et retraite et promouvoir les dispositifs existants en ce sens ; il faut peut-être savoir discuter la rupture absolue entre les deux. Il n’y a pas que des difficultés dans ce projet de budget. Il y a aussi de bonnes nouvelles, comme l’amélioration de la réforme des retraites de 2023 pour les femmes qui sont mères : pour celles qui ont un enfant, le calcul de la pension sera fait sur les vingt-quatre meilleures années et, pour celles qui en ont deux, sur les vingt-trois meilleures. Pour les carrières longues, deux trimestres supplémentaires pourront être incorporés dans le calcul. Notre attention à ces sujets est justifiée : il demeure des écarts importants entre les retraites des hommes et celles des femmes ; il n’est pas anormal de contribuer à la réduction de ces inégalités. La suspension de la réforme a été annoncée par le Premier ministre au cours de sa déclaration de politique générale, avec beaucoup de sincérité – c’est à tort que certains ont pu exprimer quelques doutes à ce sujet. Les annonces qu’il a faites aujourd’hui montrent d’ailleurs sa détermination à trouver le chemin d’un débat en bonne et due forme à l’Assemblée nationale. Cet engagement qu’il a pris sera tenu. Le sérieux budgétaire s’appliquera à la suspension de la réforme : dès lors que les modalités en auront été précisées, après le dernier passage en Conseil des ministres, nous tiendrons compte du coût de la suspension en 2026 et 2027 pour l’intégrer dans l’élaboration du PLFSS et le compenser. Le Premier ministre l’a dit, cette suspension assez longue, jusqu’au 1er janvier 2028, doit être utile. Il n’aura échappé à personne que se déroulera d’ici là l’élection présidentielle, qui a une importance majeure dans notre pays. Nous avons donc le temps de remettre sur la table les grands sujets. Ceux-ci ont déjà été discutés et rebattus, mais j’aimerais souligner deux éléments nouveaux, qui seront abordés lors d’une conférence sur le travail et les retraites que nous lancerons certainement vers la fin novembre. Le premier de ces éléments consiste à étendre au travail le champ du débat. Ce sujet n’était pas suffisamment pris en compte dans la première réforme, alors que le travail affecte, dans nombre de ses dimensions – sa valorisation, les conditions dans lesquelles il s’exerce ou encore sa pénibilité –, le débat sur les retraites. Nous aurons donc un atelier très dense sur le sujet, mais aussi des ateliers spécifiques à chacun des secteurs privé et public, dont les systèmes et les acteurs ne sont pas les mêmes. Il me semble ensuite que le moment est venu d’ouvrir tranquillement – je n’ai aucun avis préconçu – un débat serein sur les régimes. Le régime par répartition, le grand régime historique en France, en vigueur depuis l’après-guerre, rencontre quelques difficultés. Arriverons-nous à trouver les conditions de sa pérennité ? Si l’on est honnête intellectuellement, on voit que la question se pose. D’autres solutions alternatives sont possibles et ont été explorées il y a peu de temps. Faut-il poursuivre cette exploration ? Un sujet doit être mis sur la table sans tabou : l’introduction d’une part de capitalisation, qui concerne déjà un certain nombre de Français. Chacun réfléchira au fonctionnement, aux avantages et inconvénients de ces deux régimes. À partir de là, il existe selon moi deux points de sortie possibles – et peut-être même plus. Je formule le vœu qu’après avoir pris le temps de rediscuter du fond, un accord soit trouvé entre partenaires sociaux ; je n’écarte pas cette hypothèse. On n’en a pas été très loin, à une ou deux reprises, mais, pour des raisons diverses, on n’a pas réussi à aller au bout. En prenant le temps de la discussion et de l’écoute, il n’est pas impossible qu’on y parvienne. En tout cas, il faut jouer cette carte. L’enjeu est trop important pour ne pas le faire. Si nous n’y arrivons pas, il faudra que les Français tranchent d’une façon ou d’une autre. Le débat aura été éclairant, chacun se sera exprimé sur le sujet ; le matériau sera rassemblé, structuré et organisé : il sera soumis de manière démocratique à l’avis du pays et les Français diront ce qu’ils souhaitent pour leur système de retraites pour les dix, vingt, trente ans à venir. La démocratie fera son œuvre le moment venu. Je le redis : ma méthode, c’est le dialogue. Je n’ai pas d’avis préconçu, ce qui est une force : j’arrive l’esprit libre. Je souhaite sincèrement écouter toutes les parties prenantes et je le ferai. Si je le peux, j’aiderai à clarifier le débat et, pourquoi pas, à trouver une synthèse. J’y mettrai mon énergie, ma patience et mon temps. (Plusieurs députés du groupe [GROUPE] s’exclament : « Et la lettre ? »)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq, ministre déléguée auprès de la ministre de la santé, des familles, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées, chargée de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
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   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p208",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "208",
    "209",
    "210",
    "211",
    "212",
    "213",
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   "order": 208,
   "text": "C’est un moment très important qui commence, car il nous faut vraiment doter notre pays d’une LFSS. Je suis optimiste et convaincue que nous pouvons y arriver : après avoir dû dans un premier temps constater notre échec, nous y étions finalement parvenus en ce début d’année 2025, dans la même configuration, celle d’une assemblée que l’on pourrait qualifier de morcelée La LFSS 2025 nous a permis de prendre des mesures nouvelles pour les personnes en situation de handicap et les personnes âgées. Le plan « 50 000 solutions » annoncé en 2023 par le Président de la République a ainsi pu se déployer et accélérer. À ce jour, plus de 12 000 solutions ont été créées, sur 15 000 visées cette année. Nous prévoyons 250 millions d’euros supplémentaires dans le présent PLFSS afin de créer de nouvelles places pour les personnes en situation de handicap ; cela signifie que si nous n’adoptions pas de texte, nous ne pourrions pas apporter ces nouvelles réponses à nos concitoyens. Nous prévoyons d’atteindre l’objectif de plus de 22 000 solutions à la fin de l’année 2026 et d’être ainsi à peu près à mi‑parcours. Parmi les mesures nouvelles contenues dans le présent PLFSS, il y a celles qu’a évoquées Stéphanie Rist concernant l’habitat partagé. Ces mesures sont elles aussi très attendues, tant par nos concitoyens en situation de handicap que par les personnes en perte d’autonomie : nous avons besoin de créer de nouvelles réponses entre le domicile et l’Ehpad. Le texte prévoit ainsi un investissement et une amélioration du financement de l’habitat partagé à hauteur de 100 millions d’euros. Ces mesures essentielles ne pourraient pas voir le jour, elles non plus, si nous n’adoptions pas de PLFSS. D’autres mesures sont prévues en faveur des personnes âgées. Ce texte prévoit 4 500 équivalents temps plein (ETP) dans les Ehpad, ainsi que des places supplémentaires en service de soins infirmiers à domicile et de nouveaux centres de ressources territoriaux pour accompagner ces personnes à leur domicile lorsqu’elles sont en perte d’autonomie. Est aussi prise en compte dans ce PLFSS la révision des coupes Pathos, donc du niveau de dépendance dans les Ehpad, afin de mieux financer ces derniers. L’évolution du financement des Ehpad se poursuit avec la fusion des sections dépendance et soins dans vingt-trois départements, en vigueur sur une année pleine en 2026. Ces mesures visent à consolider l’offre destinée à nos concitoyens les plus âgés et à viabiliser davantage nos Ehpad. Dans le cadre d’une stratégie de prévention des maladies neurodégénératives, ce PLFSS prévoit des investissements dans la recherche mais aussi dans l’accompagnement à la perte d’autonomie. Il s’agit, conformément à l’esprit du PLFSS, d’investir dans la prévention et de permettre à nos concitoyens de vivre plus longtemps dans de meilleures conditions. Le présent texte comprend aussi le financement de la mesure de prise en charge des fauteuils roulants à 100 %, déjà inscrite dans la loi et qui sera pleinement opérationnelle à compter du 1er décembre prochain. De nombreuses mesures de soutien aux établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux sont également prévues pour leur permettre de faire face à l’inflation, aux évolutions salariales et aux conséquences en matière de financement de la transformation de l’offre que nous appelons tous de nos vœux et à laquelle ils se préparent. Elle consiste à mieux accompagner les projets de nos concitoyens en situation de handicap en leur apportant les réponses les plus personnalisées possible.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 568,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p208",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ne471b0576903",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "handicap ; cela signifie que si nous n’adoptions pas de texte, nous ne pourrions pas apporter ces nouvelles réponses à nos concitoyens. Nous prévoyons d’atteindre l’objectif de plus de 22 000 solutions à la fin de l’année 2026 et d’être ainsi à peu près à mi‑parcours. Parmi les mesures nouvelles contenues dans le présent PLFSS, il y a celles qu’a évoquées [PERSONNE] concernant l’habitat partagé. Ces mesures sont elles aussi très attendues, tant par nos concitoyens en situation de handicap que par les personnes en perte d’autonomie : nous avons besoin de créer de nouvelles réponses entre le domicile et l’Ehpad. Le texte prévoit ainsi un investissement et une amélioration du financement de l’habitat partagé à hauteur de 100 millions d’euros. Ces mesures essentielles ne pourraient pas voir le jour, elles non plus, si nous n’adoptions pas de PLFSS. D’autres mesures sont prévues en faveur des personnes âgées. Ce texte prévoit 4 500 équivalents temps plein (ETP) dans les Ehpad, ainsi que des places supplémentaires en service de soins infirmiers à domicile et de nouveaux centres de ressources territoriaux pour accompagner ces personnes à leur domicile lorsqu’elles sont en perte d’autonomie. Est aussi prise en compte dans ce PLFSS la révision des coupes Pathos, donc du niveau de dépendance dans les Ehpad, afin de mieux financer ces derniers. L’évolution du financement des Ehpad se poursuit avec la fusion des sections dépendance et soins dans vingt-trois départements, en vigueur sur une année pleine en 2026. Ces mesures visent à consolider l’offre destinée à nos concitoyens les plus âgés et à viabiliser davantage nos Ehpad. Dans le cadre d’une stratégie de prévention des maladies neurodégénératives, ce PLFSS prévoit des investissements dans la recherche mais aussi dans l’accompagnement à la perte d’autonomie. Il s’agit, conformément à l’esprit du PLFSS, d’investir dans la prévention et de permettre à nos concitoyens de vivre plus longtemps dans de meilleures conditions. Le présent texte comprend aussi le financement de la mesure de prise en charge des fauteuils roulants à 100 %, déjà inscrite dans la loi et qui sera pleinement opérationnelle à compter du 1er décembre prochain. De nombreuses mesures de soutien aux établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux sont également prévues"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin, rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p215",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "216",
    "217",
    "218",
    "219",
    "220",
    "221",
    "222",
    "223"
   ],
   "order": 215,
   "text": "Enfin ! Après des semaines d’incertitude politique, nous voici réunis pour entamer la discussion du budget de la sécurité sociale – quoiqu’elle risque d’être retardée par l’attente de la lettre rectificative. Nous le faisons dans les conditions difficiles que chacun connaît. Les obstacles à l’adoption de ce budget sont nombreux, mais les perspectives de discussion sont réelles. J’espère que nous saurons saisir l’opportunité qui nous est donnée de débattre avec sérieux et responsabilité Je concentrerai mon intervention sur quatre points. Commençons par la trajectoire budgétaire et les hypothèses macroéconomiques. Le Haut Conseil des finances publiques (HCFP) considère, dans son avis du 9 octobre dernier, que le scénario du Gouvernement repose sur des hypothèses volontaristes. Une croissance de 1 % en 2026, alors que la consommation des ménages reste faible et que l’investissement privé recule, est un pari audacieux. Je voudrais donc savoir comment le Gouvernement entend sécuriser cette trajectoire. Quelles sont les marges de manœuvre prévues si les prévisions sur la masse salariale ou l’emploi ne se réalisent pas ? Surtout, comment garantir la crédibilité d’un scénario qui doit permettre de ramener le déficit de la sécurité sociale à environ 4,7 points de PIB ? Autrement dit, s’agit-il d’un scénario de référence, d’un scénario d’espoir ou d’un affichage de circonstance ? J’en viens à la réforme des allégements généraux de cotisations pour les entreprises. Avec l’adoption de la LFSS 2025, nous avions acté la création d’une réduction générale dégressive unique, calibrée pour apporter un rendement de 1,6 milliard d’euros en 2025 puis un rendement identique en 2026. Or la trajectoire annexée au PLFSS fait état d’un rendement des allégements généraux de 3,1 milliards d’euros. D’après les informations à ma disposition, ce supplément de 1,5 milliard résulterait d’un nouveau décret actuellement à l’étude visant à modifier les paramètres du barème – lequel découle pourtant d’un décret du 4 septembre dernier. Je souhaite que vous puissiez confirmer ces chiffres. Sur quelles bases ce calcul repose‑t‑il ? Quels seront les niveaux de rémunération, les secteurs et les entreprises concernés ? Nous devons être clairs : si la réforme vise à rationaliser, très bien ; si elle vise à renforcer l’incitation à l’augmentation des salaires, tant mieux ; mais si elle revenait à accroître la charge sur les entreprises et, par ricochet, sur les classes moyennes, elle serait malvenue. Mon troisième point concerne l’Ondam et la branche maladie. L’évolution prévue en 2026 – + 1,6 % – est, disons-le franchement, extrêmement exigeante. S’agissant de l’article 10, qui réforme la clause de sauvegarde pour les médicaments et les dispositifs médicaux, l’étude d’impact est extrêmement pauvre ; cela m’empêche, pour l’heure, de répondre à mes collègues et aux professionnels qui m’interrogent. Si tant est que l’on donne crédit au recentrage de la clause sur son rôle de corde de rappel, comment avez-vous précisément fixé les fameux montants M et Z ? Quant à la nouvelle contribution supplémentaire, l’annexe indique seulement qu’à rendement constant – ce qui est à vérifier –, elle peut avoir un effet sur la répartition entre les redevables. Mais qui sera gagnant ou perdant, notamment parmi les exploitants de médicaments matures et ceux de médicaments génériques ? D’autres mesures, faisant actuellement polémique, pourraient retirer du pouvoir d’achat aux Français ; je pense entre autres à la hausse des franchises médicales par voie réglementaire et à la révision des procédures relatives aux affections de longue durée. Vous vous attaquez certes aux arrêts de travail abusifs – ce que je demande de longue date –, mais cela sera-t-il suffisant pour atteindre votre cible ? Je reste convaincu, comme un certain nombre de collègues à mes côtés, que le redressement de nos comptes sociaux passera par une amélioration du taux d’emploi grâce à des incitations fortes au travail, à une baisse des dépenses inutiles et au renforcement de la lutte contre les abus et les fraudes. Enfin, ma collègue Céline Thiébault-Martinez et moi-même recommandons dans notre rapport sur les congés parentaux de permettre une plus grande flexibilité en la matière, grâce notamment aux possibilités de fractionnement ou au temps partiel, mais l’article 42, consacré au congé supplémentaire de naissance, ne prévoit rien de tel ; pour quelles raisons ? Je suis convaincu que, sans souplesse, ce congé restera sous-utilisé, notamment par les pères. Êtes-vous ouverts à des évolutions du texte en ce sens, pour que cette mesure devienne le levier d’une politique familiale adaptée aux attentes et aux besoins des parents ? Il y a encore tant à faire en matière de soutien aux familles pour garantir le renouvellement des générations et assurer l’avenir de notre nation. Je ne parlerai pas, enfin, de l’éléphant dans la pièce – la suspension de la réforme des retraites –, car le sujet sera abordé par mes collègues. Je serai néanmoins très vigilant quant aux conséquences de cette suspension pour les Français – non seulement ceux qui ont travaillé, mais aussi ceux qui travaillent : je veillerai à ce que leur pouvoir d’achat soit préservé et que la pérennité de notre système de retraites par répartition soit assurée. Je vous remercie, mesdames et monsieur les ministres, pour les réponses, les précisions et les éclaircissements auxquels nous avons droit et que vous voudrez bien nous apporter.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 865,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p215",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N366994918d7b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Enfin ! Après des semaines d’incertitude politique, nous voici réunis pour entamer la discussion du budget de la sécurité sociale – quoiqu’elle risque d’être retardée par l’attente de la lettre rectificative. Nous le faisons dans les conditions difficiles que chacun connaît. Les obstacles à l’adoption de ce budget sont nombreux, mais les perspectives de discussion sont réelles. J’espère que nous saurons saisir l’opportunité qui nous est donnée de débattre avec sérieux et responsabilité Je concentrerai mon intervention sur quatre points. Commençons par la trajectoire budgétaire et les hypothèses macroéconomiques. Le Haut Conseil des finances publiques (HCFP) considère, dans son avis du 9 octobre dernier, que le scénario du Gouvernement repose sur des hypothèses volontaristes. Une croissance de 1 % en 2026, alors que la consommation des ménages reste faible et que l’investissement privé recule, est un pari audacieux. Je voudrais donc savoir comment le Gouvernement entend sécuriser cette trajectoire. Quelles sont les marges de manœuvre prévues si les prévisions sur la masse salariale ou l’emploi ne se réalisent pas ? Surtout, comment garantir la crédibilité d’un scénario qui doit permettre de ramener le déficit de la sécurité sociale à environ 4,7 points de PIB ? Autrement dit, s’agit-il d’un scénario de référence, d’un scénario d’espoir ou d’un affichage de circonstance ? J’en viens à la réforme des allégements généraux de cotisations pour les entreprises. Avec l’adoption de la LFSS 2025, nous avions acté la création d’une réduction générale dégressive unique, calibrée pour apporter un rendement de 1,6 milliard d’euros en 2025 puis un rendement identique en 2026. Or la trajectoire annexée au PLFSS fait état d’un rendement des allégements généraux de 3,1 milliards d’euros. D’après les informations à ma disposition, ce supplément de 1,5 milliard résulterait d’un nouveau décret actuellement à l’étude visant à modifier les paramètres du barème – lequel découle pourtant d’un décret du 4 septembre dernier. Je souhaite que vous puissiez confirmer ces chiffres. Sur quelles bases ce calcul repose‑t‑il ? Quels seront les niveaux de rémunération, les secteurs et les entreprises concernés ? Nous devons être clairs : si la réforme vise à rationaliser, très bien ; si elle vise à renforcer l’incitation à l’augmentation des salaires, tant mieux ; mais si elle revenait à accroître la charge sur les entreprises et, par ricochet, sur les classes moyennes, elle serait malvenue. Mon troisième point concerne l’Ondam et la branche maladie. L’évolution prévue en 2026 – + 1,6 % – est, disons-le franchement, extrêmement exigeante. S’agissant de l’article 10, qui réforme la clause de sauvegarde pour les médicaments et les dispositifs médicaux, l’étude d’impact est extrêmement pauvre ; cela m’empêche, pour l’heure, de répondre à mes collègues et aux professionnels qui m’interrogent. Si tant est que l’on donne crédit au recentrage de la clause sur son rôle de corde de rappel, comment avez-vous précisément fixé les fameux montants M et Z ? Quant à la nouvelle contribution supplémentaire, l’annexe indique seulement qu’à rendement constant – ce qui est à vérifier –, elle peut avoir un effet sur la répartition entre les redevables. Mais qui sera gagnant ou perdant, notamment parmi les exploitants de médicaments matures et ceux de médicaments génériques ? D’autres mesures, faisant actuellement polémique, pourraient retirer du pouvoir d’achat aux Français ; je pense entre autres à la hausse des franchises médicales par voie réglementaire et à la révision des procédures relatives aux affections de longue durée. Vous vous attaquez certes aux arrêts de travail abusifs – ce que je demande de longue date –, mais cela sera-t-il suffisant pour atteindre votre cible ? Je reste convaincu, comme un certain nombre de collègues à mes côtés, que le redressement de nos comptes sociaux passera par une amélioration du taux d’emploi grâce à des incitations fortes au travail, à une baisse des dépenses inutiles et au renforcement de la lutte contre les abus et les fraudes. Enfin, ma collègue [PERSONNE] et moi-même recommandons dans notre rapport sur les congés parentaux de permettre une plus grande flexibilité en la matière, grâce notamment aux possibilités de fractionnement ou au temps partiel, mais l’article 42, consacré au congé supplémentaire de naissance, ne prévoit rien de tel ; pour quelles raisons ? Je suis convaincu que, sans souplesse, ce congé restera sous-utilisé, notamment par les pères. Êtes-vous ouverts à des évolutions du texte en ce sens, pour que cette mesure devienne le levier d’une politique familiale adaptée aux attentes et aux besoins des parents ? Il y a encore tant à faire en matière de soutien aux familles pour garantir le renouvellement des générations et assurer l’avenir de notre nation. Je ne parlerai pas, enfin, de l’éléphant dans la pièce – la suspension de la réforme des retraites –, car le sujet sera abordé par mes collègues. Je serai néanmoins très vigilant quant aux conséquences de cette suspension pour les Français – non seulement ceux qui ont travaillé, mais aussi ceux qui travaillent : je veillerai à ce que leur pouvoir d’achat soit préservé et que la pérennité de notre système de retraites par répartition soit assurée. Je vous remercie, mesdames et monsieur les ministres, pour les réponses, les précisions et les éclaircissements auxquels nous avons droit et que vous voudrez bien nous apporter."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "Mme Amélie de Montchalin, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "224",
    "225"
   ],
   "order": 224,
   "text": "Nous avons fait une hypothèse de croissance de 1 %, qui n’est donc supérieure que de 0,1 point au consensus des économistes pour la France, lequel s’établit à 0,9 % : cet écart est beaucoup plus faible que ceux qui ont pu exister dans le passé. Pour l’inflation, notre prévision, de 1,3 %, est au contraire inférieure au consensus, qui est de 1,5 %. Cela a conduit le HCFP à dire que les prévisions de recettes étaient crédibles, notamment celle de masse salariale L’instabilité actuelle a porté le taux d’épargne à 19 % du revenu, un record depuis 1970. D’après notre prévision, il devrait descendre à 17,4 %, restant ainsi très supérieur à sa moyenne de long terme. Il y a là un élément clef de soutien à la croissance : redonner de la perspective aux Français, c’est faire baisser leur inquiétude, donc aussi leur taux d’épargne.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 147,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p224",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N702bcf502935",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons fait une hypothèse de croissance de 1 %, qui n’est donc supérieure que de 0,1 point au consensus des économistes pour la France, lequel s’établit à 0,9 % : cet écart est beaucoup plus faible que ceux qui ont pu exister dans le passé. Pour l’inflation, notre prévision, de 1,3 %, est au contraire inférieure au consensus, qui est de 1,5 %. Cela a conduit le HCFP à dire que les prévisions de recettes étaient crédibles, notamment celle de masse salariale L’instabilité actuelle a porté le taux d’épargne à 19 % du revenu, un record depuis 1970. D’après notre prévision, il devrait descendre à 17,4 %, restant ainsi très supérieur à sa moyenne de long terme. Il y a là un élément clef de soutien à la croissance : redonner de la perspective aux Français, c’est faire baisser leur inquiétude, donc aussi leur taux d’épargne."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p381",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "381"
   ],
   "order": 381,
   "text": "Ce PLFSS est une copie de départ sur laquelle travailler. Nous pourrons débattre notamment de la limitation de la durée maximale des arrêts de travail. S’agissant de l’Ondam, son niveau est en effet bas, mais il faut aussi prendre en considération ses composantes. L’Ondam hospitalier, s’il est fortement contraint, augmente ainsi de 2,6 milliards d’euros, ce qui nous permettra de préserver les mesures nouvelles consacrées à la pédopsychiatrie, à la psychiatrie ou aux unités de soins palliatifs",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 77,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p381",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nff224540a89b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce PLFSS est une copie de départ sur laquelle travailler. Nous pourrons débattre notamment de la limitation de la durée maximale des arrêts de travail. S’agissant de l’Ondam, son niveau est en effet bas, mais il faut aussi prendre en considération ses composantes. L’Ondam hospitalier, s’il est fortement contraint, augmente ainsi de 2,6 milliards d’euros, ce qui nous permettra de préserver les mesures nouvelles consacrées à la pédopsychiatrie, à la psychiatrie ou aux unités de soins palliatifs"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA873624",
   "speaker": "Jean-Pierre Farandou",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Pierre Farandou, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p382",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "382",
    "383"
   ],
   "order": 382,
   "text": "La suspension de la réforme des retraites dégagera un temps utile pour reposer les termes du débat. Nous acceptons le principe d’une remise à plat. La conférence consacrée au travail et aux retraites qui s’ouvrira fin novembre avec les partenaires sociaux permettra de rouvrir les discussions pour six mois. Vous disposerez donc d’une fenêtre pour faire à nouveau des propositions. Nous verrons bien si nous sommes capables de converger La lettre rectificative, qui doit être adoptée jeudi en Conseil des ministres, fixera dans le texte du PLFSS les modalités de la suspension, sur la base de calculs qui sont en train d’être affinés. Nous disposerons des montants, qui devront faire l’objet de compensations. Nous pourrons donc débattre de tout cela.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 120,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p382",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N9661f82e0f0e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La suspension de la réforme des retraites dégagera un temps utile pour reposer les termes du débat. Nous acceptons le principe d’une remise à plat. La conférence consacrée au travail et aux retraites qui s’ouvrira fin novembre avec les partenaires sociaux permettra de rouvrir les discussions pour six mois. Vous disposerez donc d’une fenêtre pour faire à nouveau des propositions. Nous verrons bien si nous sommes capables de converger La lettre rectificative, qui doit être adoptée jeudi en Conseil des ministres, fixera dans le texte du PLFSS les modalités de la suspension, sur la base de calculs qui sont en train d’être affinés. Nous disposerons des montants, qui devront faire l’objet de compensations. Nous pourrons donc débattre de tout cela."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p384",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "384",
    "385",
    "386",
    "387",
    "388",
    "389"
   ],
   "order": 384,
   "text": "Nous abordons l’examen du PLFSS au lendemain de la célébration du quatre-vingtième anniversaire de la sécurité sociale. Chacun a pu dire à cette occasion son attachement à notre modèle de protection sociale. Pour ma part, je suis convaincu qu’il est grandement maltraité, au détriment de ceux par qui et pour qui il existe, à savoir chacun d’entre nous Je pars de l’idée qu’il manque des recettes. Les trois hauts conseils saisis conjointement en mars dernier par François Bayrou, ont rappelé qu’elles étaient un élément constitutif de la sécurité sociale. Selon eux, il est tout à fait possible de bâtir une stratégie cohérente et juste, inscrite dans la durée, pour rétablir les comptes sociaux et de proposer des solutions répartissant équitablement la charge de l’effort sans renoncer à la couverture des besoins, en particulier ceux des populations les plus vulnérables. Oui, chers ministres, il est tout à fait possible d’être financièrement responsables et socialement ambitieux. L’année dernière, un consensus s’était établi au sujet de l’Ondam et des lois de financement : nous arrivions au bout d’une pratique. À quand des lois de programmation pluriannuelles ? La Fédération hospitalière de France a transmis à vos prédécesseurs au printemps dernier un programme détaillé de ce que serait une loi de programmation pour nos hôpitaux et nos établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux. Cette proposition reste lettre morte alors que les trois hauts conseils l’ont relayée. Tout se passe comme si ces rapports, ces diagnostics n’existaient pas : ce budget ressemble à ceux qui l’ont précédé. Toutefois, il est encore plus austéritaire, avec ses 7 milliards d’euros d’économies principalement à la charge des assurés sociaux et un Ondam historiquement bas, fixé à 1,7 %. Si ce dernier chiffre est légèrement supérieur à l’inflation, estimée à 1 %, il est très inférieur à l’augmentation naturelle des dépenses, évaluée à 4,5 %, soit 10 milliards d’euros en l’absence de mesures de réduction. Il ne faut pas être un grand comptable pour savoir que ce budget creusera un peu plus le déficit de nos hôpitaux, qui culmine à plus de 2,8 milliards, et de nos Ehpad et qu’il affectera lourdement la qualité de l’accès aux soins. Ce n’est pas parce que vous allez réduire les droits relatifs aux arrêts de travail qu’il y aura moins de malades, moins de maladies professionnelles et moins d’accidents du travail. De la même manière, il n’y aura pas moins d’affections de longue durée parce que vous allez rogner les droits des personnes qui sont atteintes d’ALD non exonérantes. Et la paupérisation de notre société ne ralentira pas parce que vous allez geler l’ensemble des prestations sociales, bien au contraire. Sur le fond, ce budget pas plus que les précédents n’affronte les enjeux véritables, ceux qui sont au cœur de la sécurité sociale : le financement solidaire par la cotisation sociale, la préservation de l’accès aux soins et la réponse aux besoins sociaux pour tous. Toutes les mesures budgétaires qui ne correspondent pas à une politique publique de santé n’ont finalement pas grand sens quand elles ne servent pas un projet de société. Or les Français ont besoin de ces perspectives. Voici des débats qui nous paraissent urgents et utiles pour l’avenir de la sécurité sociale et que nous tenterons d’aborder chaque jour durant l’examen du PLFSS.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 543,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p384",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N1fea8f5a12e0",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "ceux qui l’ont précédé. Toutefois, il est encore plus austéritaire, avec ses 7 milliards d’euros d’économies principalement à la charge des assurés sociaux et un Ondam historiquement bas, fixé à 1,7 %. Si ce dernier chiffre est légèrement supérieur à l’inflation, estimée à 1 %, il est très inférieur à l’augmentation naturelle des dépenses, évaluée à 4,5 %, soit 10 milliards d’euros en l’absence de mesures de réduction. Il ne faut pas être un grand comptable pour savoir que ce budget creusera un peu plus le déficit de nos hôpitaux, qui culmine à plus de 2,8 milliards, et de nos Ehpad et qu’il affectera lourdement la qualité de l’accès aux soins. Ce n’est pas parce que vous allez réduire les droits relatifs aux arrêts de travail qu’il y aura moins de malades, moins de maladies professionnelles et moins d’accidents du travail. De la même manière, il n’y aura pas moins d’affections de longue durée parce que vous allez rogner les droits des personnes qui sont atteintes d’ALD non exonérantes. Et la paupérisation de notre société ne ralentira pas parce que vous allez geler l’ensemble des prestations sociales, bien au contraire. Sur le fond, ce budget pas plus que les précédents n’affronte"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721670",
   "speaker": "Amélie de Montchalin",
   "quality": "Mme Amélie de Montchalin, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p390",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "390",
    "391"
   ],
   "order": 390,
   "text": "Au fond, la question que vous posez est la suivante : doit-on acter collectivement que notre objectif est d’accompagner la croissance des dépenses sociales et chercher les recettes correspondantes ? Le taux de croissance de l’Ondam voté l’année dernière, de 3,4 %, a été dépassé en exécution, pour atteindre 3,6 %. Si je vous comprends bien, il faudrait viser un rythme de croissance des dépenses de 3,5 % au lieu des 2 % que nous sommes en train de construire compte tenu des différentes ouvertures que nous envisageons. Peut-être que pour une seule année, il est possible de prélever les recettes correspondantes, mais serait-ce possible chaque année ? Comment trouver des recettes pour combler l’écart entre une augmentation de 4 % de nos dépenses de santé et une croissance de seulement 2 % de notre économie ? C’est une question de soutenabilité M. Davi a affirmé que nous n’aimions pas les gens. Sans faire de populisme de bas étage, je lui répondrai que nous devons aimer nos enfants. Ils vont hériter d’un monde où ils ne pourront plus faire des choix pour le budget de la sécurité sociale. Les charges d’intérêt, de 74 milliards d’euros l’année prochaine, vont passer à 100 milliards avant la fin de la décennie, à raison d’une augmentation de 8 milliards chaque année. Et ces milliards supplémentaires que nous devons donner à nos créanciers, je n’ai pas encore de recettes nouvelles pour les financer. Voulons-nous générer des recettes au-delà du niveau que nous permet d’atteindre notre évolution économique pour financer une hausse des dépenses très supérieure à notre croissance ? C’est une question fondamentale.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 268,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p390",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nf62cdfdacbfb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Au fond, la question que vous posez est la suivante : doit-on acter collectivement que notre objectif est d’accompagner la croissance des dépenses sociales et chercher les recettes correspondantes ? Le taux de croissance de l’Ondam voté l’année dernière, de 3,4 %, a été dépassé en exécution, pour atteindre 3,6 %. Si je vous comprends bien, il faudrait viser un rythme de croissance des dépenses de 3,5 % au lieu des 2 % que nous sommes en train de construire compte tenu des différentes ouvertures que nous envisageons. Peut-être que pour une seule année, il est possible de prélever les recettes correspondantes, mais serait-ce possible chaque année ? Comment trouver des recettes pour combler l’écart entre une augmentation de 4 % de nos dépenses de santé et une croissance de seulement 2 % de notre économie ? C’est une question de soutenabilité M. Davi a affirmé que nous n’aimions pas les gens. Sans faire de populisme de bas étage, je lui répondrai que nous devons aimer nos enfants. Ils vont hériter d’un monde où ils ne pourront plus faire des choix pour le budget de la sécurité sociale. Les charges d’intérêt, de 74 milliards d’euros l’année prochaine, vont passer à 100 milliards avant la fin de la décennie, à raison d’une augmentation de 8 milliards chaque année. Et ces milliards supplémentaires que nous devons donner à nos créanciers, je n’ai pas encore de recettes nouvelles pour les financer. Voulons-nous générer des recettes au-delà du niveau que nous permet d’atteindre notre évolution économique pour financer une hausse des dépenses très supérieure à notre croissance ? C’est une question fondamentale."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841769",
   "speaker": "Éric Michoux",
   "quality": "M. Éric Michoux (UDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO872880",
   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p392",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "392",
    "393",
    "394"
   ],
   "order": 392,
   "text": "Sandrine Runel a posé une question très intéressante : comment allez-vous concrètement financer le système des retraites ? J’aurais tendance à dire qu’il fallait se poser la question avant de pousser à la suspension de la réforme. Il y a plusieurs possibilités : la répartition, solution sur laquelle on se penche depuis des années sans aboutir ; l’augmentation du nombre d’heures travaillées pendant un nombre d’années défini ; l’augmentation du nombre d’années travaillées sans modification du nombre d’heures travaillées. Il s’agit de trouver un équilibre Il y a une autre possibilité dont on parle rarement et que nous défendons à l’UDR, c’est la capitalisation. Je vais partir de mon expérience personnelle en tant que dirigeant d’un groupe familial dont 100 % des capitaux sont français : les résultats sont réinvestis et contribuent à redistribuer de la richesse dans notre pays. Si les capitaux d’une entreprise appartiennent à un fonds de pension étranger, les salariés risquent de travailler pour des retraités américains. Allons plus loin : si un grand groupe industriel, qui bénéficie du crédit d’impôt recherche, est détenu par un fonds de pension, ce sont les contribuables français qui paient les pensions de retraités américains. Je donnerai un exemple chiffré. Prenons le cas d’une personne dont le salaire serait de 3 000 euros. Avec une cotisation de 900 euros et une capitalisation à 3 %, sa retraite passerait de 1 800 euros à 2 200 euros. Avec une capitalisation à 9 %, elle atteindrait 3 100 euros. La capitalisation permet donc d’obtenir une pension bien supérieure à celle qui résulte de la répartition. Ce système existe déjà en France, dans la fonction publique : la retraite additionnelle de la fonction publique affiche un rendement extraordinaire de 4,2 %. Pourquoi n’allons-nous pas davantage dans cette voie ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 296,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p392",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N3d9515f98c61",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "[PERSONNE] a posé une question très intéressante : comment allez-vous concrètement financer le système des retraites ? J’aurais tendance à dire qu’il fallait se poser la question avant de pousser à la suspension de la réforme. Il y a plusieurs possibilités : la répartition, solution sur laquelle on se penche depuis des années sans aboutir ; l’augmentation du nombre d’heures travaillées pendant un nombre d’années défini ; l’augmentation du nombre d’années travaillées sans modification du nombre d’heures travaillées. Il s’agit de trouver un équilibre Il y a une autre possibilité dont on parle rarement et que nous défendons à l’[GROUPE], c’est la capitalisation. Je vais partir de mon expérience personnelle en tant que dirigeant d’un groupe familial dont 100 % des capitaux sont français : les résultats sont réinvestis et contribuent à redistribuer de la richesse dans notre pays. Si les capitaux d’une entreprise appartiennent à un fonds de pension étranger, les salariés risquent de travailler pour des retraités américains. Allons plus loin : si un grand groupe industriel, qui bénéficie du crédit d’impôt recherche, est détenu par un fonds de pension, ce sont les contribuables français qui paient les pensions de retraités américains. Je donnerai un exemple chiffré. Prenons le cas d’une personne dont le salaire serait de 3 000 euros. Avec une cotisation de 900 euros et une capitalisation à 3 %, sa retraite passerait de 1 800 euros à 2 200 euros. Avec une capitalisation à 9 %, elle atteindrait 3 100 euros. La capitalisation permet donc d’obtenir une pension bien supérieure à celle qui résulte de la répartition. Ce système existe déjà en France, dans la fonction publique : la retraite additionnelle de la fonction publique affiche un rendement extraordinaire de 4,2 %. Pourquoi n’allons-nous pas davantage dans cette voie ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794762",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p474",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "474",
    "475",
    "476",
    "477",
    "478",
    "479"
   ],
   "order": 474,
   "text": "Madame la ministre, vendredi dernier, la France a célébré la septième Journée mondiale des soins palliatifs. J’aimerais qu’un jour, nous puissions enfin célébrer l’accès réel à ces soins En avril 2024, Mme Vautrin présentait une stratégie décennale : dix ans pour garantir à chaque Français une fin de vie digne, sans inégalités territoriales. Belle promesse, mais dix ans pour réparer ce qu’on n’a pas su faire en trente ans, c’est déjà trop long. On nous annonçait 1,1 milliard d’euros supplémentaires ; des chiffres bien calibrés et bien présentés. Mais entre les PowerPoint et la réalité dans les services hospitaliers, il y a un gouffre, dans lequel les familles tombent. En 2023, vingt‑deux départements étaient toujours dépourvus d’unité de soins palliatifs. Mme Vautrin avait promis que neuf en ouvriraient une en 2024 et que tous seraient couverts en 2025. Finalement, trois unités seulement ont ouvert et d’autres ont même fermé, à Guérande et à La Roche-sur-Yon. C’est un peu comme remplir un seau percé en jurant qu’il sera plein demain. On nous parle de justice, d’équité et de dignité, mais un Français sur deux seulement a accès aux soins palliatifs. Une moitié de la France meurt accompagnée, l’autre meurt seule. Voilà l’une des inégalités les plus insupportables et les plus silencieuses de notre République. Le changement promis en 2024 n’est pas à la hauteur, il est à la remorque ! S’agissant de la fin de vie, le retard n’est pas un détail technique, c’est une question d’humanité. Madame la ministre, quand notre pays consacrera-t-il enfin les moyens nécessaires à ce que nos concitoyens aient une fin de vie digne ? Dans le PLFSS, quels crédits sont réellement consacrés à la mise en œuvre de la stratégie décennale ? Combien de temps faudra‑t‑il encore pour que la dignité humaine cesse d’être une promesse ? L’accès aux soins palliatifs pour tous et partout est un préalable indispensable à toute évolution des lois Leonetti et Claeys-Leonetti et à toute légalisation de l’euthanasie.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 328,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p474",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ne20ec3ddd756",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la ministre, vendredi dernier, la France a célébré la septième Journée mondiale des soins palliatifs. J’aimerais qu’un jour, nous puissions enfin célébrer l’accès réel à ces soins En avril 2024, Mme Vautrin présentait une stratégie décennale : dix ans pour garantir à chaque Français une fin de vie digne, sans inégalités territoriales. Belle promesse, mais dix ans pour réparer ce qu’on n’a pas su faire en trente ans, c’est déjà trop long. On nous annonçait 1,1 milliard d’euros supplémentaires ; des chiffres bien calibrés et bien présentés. Mais entre les PowerPoint et la réalité dans les services hospitaliers, il y a un gouffre, dans lequel les familles tombent. En 2023, vingt‑deux départements étaient toujours dépourvus d’unité de soins palliatifs. Mme Vautrin avait promis que neuf en ouvriraient une en 2024 et que tous seraient couverts en 2025. Finalement, trois unités seulement ont ouvert et d’autres ont même fermé, à Guérande et à La Roche-sur-Yon. C’est un peu comme remplir un seau percé en jurant qu’il sera plein demain. On nous parle de justice, d’équité et de dignité, mais un Français sur deux seulement a accès aux soins palliatifs. Une moitié de la France meurt accompagnée, l’autre meurt seule. Voilà l’une des inégalités les plus insupportables et les plus silencieuses de notre République. Le changement promis en 2024 n’est pas à la hauteur, il est à la remorque ! S’agissant de la fin de vie, le retard n’est pas un détail technique, c’est une question d’humanité. Madame la ministre, quand notre pays consacrera-t-il enfin les moyens nécessaires à ce que nos concitoyens aient une fin de vie digne ? Dans le PLFSS, quels crédits sont réellement consacrés à la mise en œuvre de la stratégie décennale ? Combien de temps faudra‑t‑il encore pour que la dignité humaine cesse d’être une promesse ? L’accès aux soins palliatifs pour tous et partout est un préalable indispensable à toute évolution des lois Leonetti et Claeys-Leonetti et à toute légalisation de l’euthanasie."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p480",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "480",
    "481"
   ],
   "order": 480,
   "text": "Dans le budget de la sécurité sociale, 100 millions d’euros sont consacrés au développement des soins palliatifs. En ce domaine, je reprends l’engagement total de mes deux prédécesseurs Toutefois, vos propos en témoignent, les financements ne suffisent pas pour garantir l’accès aux soins de manière générale ; il en faut donc davantage et c’est pourquoi nous confirmons, dans ce PLFSS, les promesses des deux dernières années. Mais il est parfois inévitable de fermer des services lorsque les médecins manquent. Nous nous efforçons de renforcer l’attractivité de certains métiers et les revalorisations afin d’augmenter le nombre de médecins formés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p480",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nd57412090543",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Dans le budget de la sécurité sociale, 100 millions d’euros sont consacrés au développement des soins palliatifs. En ce domaine, je reprends l’engagement total de mes deux prédécesseurs Toutefois, vos propos en témoignent, les financements ne suffisent pas pour garantir l’accès aux soins de manière générale ; il en faut donc davantage et c’est pourquoi nous confirmons, dans ce PLFSS, les promesses des deux dernières années. Mais il est parfois inévitable de fermer des services lorsque les médecins manquent. Nous nous efforçons de renforcer l’attractivité de certains métiers et les revalorisations afin d’augmenter le nombre de médecins formés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840143",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Florquin",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Florquin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p482",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "482",
    "483",
    "484",
    "485",
    "486",
    "487",
    "488"
   ],
   "order": 482,
   "text": "Le PLFSS 2026 affiche la volonté de renforcer l’autonomie des aînés et des personnes handicapées et de garantir leur dignité. Vous annoncez de nouvelles mesures sans les détailler et sans que nous en ayons eu connaissance. Toutefois, dans les faits, la branche autonomie demeure la grande oubliée de ce budget. Le texte établit ses dépenses à 43,5 milliards d’euros pour 2026, soit une progression inférieure aux besoins exprimés sur le terrain Les professionnels du secteur nous alertent sur l’insuffisance des revalorisations salariales, la hausse continue des charges et le manque criant de personnel. Les Ehpad publics et associatifs sont étranglés financièrement, les services d’aide à domicile manquent de bras et les départements, premiers financeurs, dénoncent une asphyxie budgétaire généralisée. Cette situation est d’autant plus alarmante que la France vieillit rapidement : près de 22 % de la population a 65 ans ou plus et près de 3 millions de personnes connaîtront une perte d’autonomie d’ici à 2030. Ces chiffres augmentent chaque année, tandis que le coût de la dépendance, de l’hébergement, des soins et du reste à charge pèse toujours davantage sur les familles. Dans de nombreux territoires, une place en Ehpad coûte plus de 2 000 euros par mois, alors que les soignants peinent à vivre de leur vocation, sans parler des 8 à 11 millions d’aidants familiaux, véritable pilier invisible de notre système. Ces derniers ne disposent toujours pas d’un statut unifié ni d’une indemnisation réellement protectrice. Certes, l’allocation journalière du proche aidant indemnise le congé de proche aidant dans la limite de soixante-six jours par proche aidé, mais cela reste très insuffisant au regard de l’engagement humain et financier que cela représente. Le Rassemblement national plaide pour la création d’un statut renforcé et indemnisé du proche aidant, prévoyant un congé de douze mois tout au long de la carrière, une indemnisation proportionnée aux revenus, la déconjugalisation de l’aide ainsi qu’une indemnité mensuelle pour celles et ceux qui s’installent au domicile du proche dépendant. Parce qu’aider un parent dépendant, c’est aussi un acte de solidarité nationale qui mérite reconnaissance, stabilité et protection sociale. Madame la ministre, ajuster à la marge les budgets ne suffit plus, il faut une réforme structurelle qui rapproche la branche autonomie des besoins humains et des réalités du terrain. À défaut, notre système, déjà fragilisé par le sous-financement, la démographie et la fatigue des personnels, s’effondrera sur lui-même, financièrement et humainement. Vous savez comme moi que ces quelques mesures nouvelles ne répondront pas aux attentes des Français. Comment comptez-vous réviser la trajectoire financière de la branche autonomie pour tenir compte de l’explosion des besoins ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 431,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p482",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb7c7754fd790",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le PLFSS 2026 affiche la volonté de renforcer l’autonomie des aînés et des personnes handicapées et de garantir leur dignité. Vous annoncez de nouvelles mesures sans les détailler et sans que nous en ayons eu connaissance. Toutefois, dans les faits, la branche autonomie demeure la grande oubliée de ce budget. Le texte établit ses dépenses à 43,5 milliards d’euros pour 2026, soit une progression inférieure aux besoins exprimés sur le terrain Les professionnels du secteur nous alertent sur l’insuffisance des revalorisations salariales, la hausse continue des charges et le manque criant de personnel. Les Ehpad publics et associatifs sont étranglés financièrement, les services d’aide à domicile manquent de bras et les départements, premiers financeurs, dénoncent une asphyxie budgétaire généralisée. Cette situation est d’autant plus alarmante que la France vieillit rapidement : près de 22 % de la population a 65 ans ou plus et près de 3 millions de personnes connaîtront une perte d’autonomie d’ici à 2030. Ces chiffres augmentent chaque année, tandis que le coût de la dépendance, de l’hébergement, des soins et du reste à charge pèse toujours davantage sur les familles. Dans de nombreux territoires, une place en Ehpad coûte plus de 2 000 euros par mois, alors que les soignants peinent à vivre de leur vocation, sans parler des 8 à 11 millions d’aidants familiaux, véritable pilier invisible de notre système. Ces derniers ne disposent toujours pas d’un statut unifié ni d’une indemnisation réellement protectrice. Certes, l’allocation journalière du proche aidant indemnise le congé de proche aidant dans la limite de soixante-six jours par proche aidé, mais cela reste très insuffisant au regard de l’engagement humain et financier que cela représente. Le [GROUPE] plaide pour la création d’un statut renforcé et indemnisé du proche aidant, prévoyant un congé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720480",
   "speaker": "Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "quality": "Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq, ministre déléguée.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p489",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "489",
    "490",
    "491",
    "492"
   ],
   "order": 489,
   "text": "Les dépenses de la branche autonomie ont augmenté de 1,5 milliard d’euros en 2025 et aucun recul n’est prévu en matière d’investissements. Au contraire, nous continuons d’apporter des réponses, notamment la création des 50 000 solutions pour les personnes en situation de handicap. Parmi ces solutions figurent des mesures supplémentaires de répit. Citons également le décret relatif au baluchonnage, qui vient d’être pris : cette solution de répit, plébiscitée par nos concitoyens, permet la prise en charge d’un proche dépendant pendant plusieurs jours et plusieurs nuits La question de l’offre d’accompagnement se pose également. Cela concernerait notamment les 4 500 emplois supplémentaires dans les Ehpad, qui s’ajouteraient aux 10 000 emplois projetés pour l’année 2025. Mais, sans adoption du PLFSS, les nouvelles mesures ne pourront être appliquées et aucun emploi supplémentaire ne pourra être créé ; les modalités de renforcement des financements des Ehpad ne pourront pas non plus être mises en œuvre. J’ai évoqué la fusion des sections soins et dépendance des Ehpad, qui concerne vingt-trois départements depuis quelques mois. L’adoption tardive de la LFSS 2025 a décalé la mise en œuvre de cette importante réforme. Après avoir été appliquée pendant une année pleine dans ces départements, elle sera généralisée à l’ensemble des départements l’année suivante. Elle s’accompagne de financements supplémentaires. Enfin, la révision des grilles Pathos a amélioré la prise en charge de la dépendance. Par ailleurs, différentes mesures ont permis aux Ehpad de revoir le financement de l’hébergement, qui constitue un autre enjeu. Enfin, l’aide sociale à l’hébergement reste bloquée dans certains territoires, ce qui empêche de solvabiliser les Ehpad.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 263,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p489",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N62100282e251",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les dépenses de la branche autonomie ont augmenté de 1,5 milliard d’euros en 2025 et aucun recul n’est prévu en matière d’investissements. Au contraire, nous continuons d’apporter des réponses, notamment la création des 50 000 solutions pour les personnes en situation de handicap. Parmi ces solutions figurent des mesures supplémentaires de répit. Citons également le décret relatif au baluchonnage, qui vient d’être pris : cette solution de répit, plébiscitée par nos concitoyens, permet la prise en charge d’un proche dépendant pendant plusieurs jours et plusieurs nuits La question de l’offre d’accompagnement se pose également. Cela concernerait notamment les 4 500 emplois supplémentaires dans les Ehpad, qui s’ajouteraient aux 10 000 emplois projetés pour l’année 2025. Mais, sans adoption du PLFSS, les nouvelles mesures ne pourront être appliquées et aucun emploi supplémentaire ne pourra être créé ; les modalités de renforcement des financements des Ehpad ne pourront pas non plus être mises en œuvre. J’ai évoqué la fusion des sections soins et dépendance des Ehpad, qui concerne vingt-trois départements depuis quelques mois. L’adoption tardive de la LFSS 2025 a décalé la mise en œuvre de cette importante réforme. Après avoir été appliquée pendant une année pleine dans ces départements, elle sera généralisée à l’ensemble des départements l’année suivante. Elle s’accompagne de financements supplémentaires. Enfin, la révision des grilles Pathos a amélioré la prise en charge de la dépendance. Par ailleurs, différentes mesures ont permis aux Ehpad de revoir le financement de l’hébergement, qui constitue un autre enjeu. Enfin, l’aide sociale à l’hébergement reste bloquée dans certains territoires, ce qui empêche de solvabiliser les Ehpad."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793696",
   "speaker": "Serge Muller",
   "quality": "M. Serge Muller (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p493",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "493",
    "494",
    "495",
    "496"
   ],
   "order": 493,
   "text": "Dans le Bergeracois comme dans tant de territoires oubliés de la République, la situation en matière de santé mentale est devenue dramatique. Les habitants n’ont plus accès à des soins décents et les délais pour obtenir un rendez-vous en psychiatrie dépassent parfois six mois. Les services hospitaliers sont saturés et les soignants sont à bout de souffle. J’ai visité lundi dernier l’hôpital de Périgueux et je vous confirme qu’en Dordogne, nous manquons de lits, de personnel et de moyens. Pendant que les grandes annonces ministérielles se succèdent, sur le terrain, rien ne change La santé mentale a pourtant été proclamée grande cause nationale. Nous avons salué cette annonce, mais nous attendons des actes. La santé mentale n’est pas un luxe, sa préservation est une urgence nationale ; les Français des territoires ruraux vivent cette situation dramatique dans la solitude et l’indifférence. Les gouvernements successifs ont abandonné la psychiatrie publique, fermé des lits et laissé partir nos praticiens à cause d’une politique budgétaire aveugle. Madame la ministre, je vous demande d’être la première à sauter le pas et d’agir pour garantir un véritable accès à la santé mentale, grâce à des médecins, des moyens et une présence de l’État à la hauteur des souffrances humaines. La détresse psychique progresse dans nos campagnes, notamment dans le Périgord, tandis que le service public recule.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 221,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p493",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N990c450fed68",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dans le Bergeracois comme dans tant de territoires oubliés de la République, la situation en matière de santé mentale est devenue dramatique. Les habitants n’ont plus accès à des soins décents et les délais pour obtenir un rendez-vous en psychiatrie dépassent parfois six mois. Les services hospitaliers sont saturés et les soignants sont à bout de souffle. J’ai visité lundi dernier l’hôpital de Périgueux et je vous confirme qu’en Dordogne, nous manquons de lits, de personnel et de moyens. Pendant que les grandes annonces ministérielles se succèdent, sur le terrain, rien ne change La santé mentale a pourtant été proclamée grande cause nationale. Nous avons salué cette annonce, mais nous attendons des actes. La santé mentale n’est pas un luxe, sa préservation est une urgence nationale ; les Français des territoires ruraux vivent cette situation dramatique dans la solitude et l’indifférence. Les gouvernements successifs ont abandonné la psychiatrie publique, fermé des lits et laissé partir nos praticiens à cause d’une politique budgétaire aveugle. Madame la ministre, je vous demande d’être la première à sauter le pas et d’agir pour garantir un véritable accès à la santé mentale, grâce à des médecins, des moyens et une présence de l’État à la hauteur des souffrances humaines. La détresse psychique progresse dans nos campagnes, notamment dans le Périgord, tandis que le service public recule."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "497",
    "498",
    "499",
    "500"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "La santé mentale voit son financement augmenter dans le PLFSS, mais cela ne peut suffire à améliorer la situation et à renforcer l’accès aux soins. Nous avons besoin de professionnels et, pour cela, nous devons augmenter le nombre de psychiatres, de pédopsychiatres et d’infirmiers en pratique avancée en psychiatrie Les précédents ministres de la santé ont lancé cette montée en charge, en partenariat avec les équipes concernées. Permettez-moi de saluer cette démarche, d’autant plus importante que la prévalence des pathologies en santé mentale a augmenté depuis l’épidémie de covid. Nous avons bien conscience des enjeux en ce domaine et de la nécessité d’augmenter le budget qui lui est consacré. Le repérage précoce est également indispensable, tant pour les enfants que pour les plus âgés de nos concitoyens. À cet effet, la médecine de proximité est indispensable. Je le répète depuis le début de cette audition, il faut se montrer responsable dans le cadre de ce budget pour que soient possibles des mesures d’accès aux soins et de prévention, notamment grâce aux maisons France Santé que le Premier ministre s’est engagé à créer. Je ne serai pas la ministre qui promettra de régler ce problème demain ; ce serait mentir aux Français.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 201,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p497",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nc0a6db7c594f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La santé mentale voit son financement augmenter dans le PLFSS, mais cela ne peut suffire à améliorer la situation et à renforcer l’accès aux soins. Nous avons besoin de professionnels et, pour cela, nous devons augmenter le nombre de psychiatres, de pédopsychiatres et d’infirmiers en pratique avancée en psychiatrie Les précédents ministres de la santé ont lancé cette montée en charge, en partenariat avec les équipes concernées. Permettez-moi de saluer cette démarche, d’autant plus importante que la prévalence des pathologies en santé mentale a augmenté depuis l’épidémie de covid. Nous avons bien conscience des enjeux en ce domaine et de la nécessité d’augmenter le budget qui lui est consacré. Le repérage précoce est également indispensable, tant pour les enfants que pour les plus âgés de nos concitoyens. À cet effet, la médecine de proximité est indispensable. Je le répète depuis le début de cette audition, il faut se montrer responsable dans le cadre de ce budget pour que soient possibles des mesures d’accès aux soins et de prévention, notamment grâce aux maisons France Santé que le Premier ministre s’est engagé à créer. Je ne serai pas la ministre qui promettra de régler ce problème demain ; ce serait mentir aux Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p524",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "524",
    "525",
    "526",
    "527"
   ],
   "order": 524,
   "text": "Mesdames les ministres, je vous rejoins évidemment lorsque vous évoquez la nécessité de réformes structurelles et non plus de coups de rabot. Nous devons absolument prendre le virage de la prévention – primaire, mais aussi secondaire et tertiaire. En effet, beaucoup de personnes ne sont pas inscrites dans un parcours de soins alors que nous pourrions peut-être éviter certaines aggravations. Je vous rejoins également en ce qui concerne les ALD – il faut faire preuve de la plus grande vigilance pour savoir ce qui en relève et ce qui n’en relève pas – ainsi que l’utilisation du DMP, un outil important. Je partage enfin votre souhait d’une simplification majeure J’ai beaucoup plus de peine à vous suivre lorsque vous rabotez le prix des médicaments, alors que le prix des médicaments remboursables en France est le plus bas d’Europe. Nous risquons de ne plus avoir accès aux nouveaux médicaments et d’augmenter les probabilités de ruptures, qui induisent un surcoût très important. Le corollaire de cette baisse de prix, c’est la baisse du plafond des remises sur les médicaments génériques aux pharmaciens. Les génériques représentent un tiers du chiffre d’affaires des officines. Faire passer la remise de 40 à 20 % a donc une incidence énorme. L’arrêté du 6 octobre a suspendu cette baisse pour trois mois. Qu’en sera-t-il après le 31 décembre ? Je suis très inquiète. Si la mesure devait s’appliquer après cette date, nous verrions la fermeture de nombreuses officines, des officines de petits chiffres, particulièrement dans les territoires ruraux ; en raison des problèmes de démographie médicale, elles sont la dernière voie d’accès à la santé. Les conséquences, sociales et humanitaires, seraient majeures. Je comprends encore moins l’article 21, qui vise à permettre l’installation d’une officine par voie de création dans les communes de moins de 2 500 habitants dans lesquelles la dernière officine a définitivement cessé son activité : si elle a cessé son activité, c’est qu’elle n’était tout simplement plus viable. Notre responsabilité est de faire en sorte que celles qui sont là puissent demeurer en évitant de les fragiliser économiquement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 345,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p524",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N51e8ce1fcb03",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Mesdames les ministres, je vous rejoins évidemment lorsque vous évoquez la nécessité de réformes structurelles et non plus de coups de rabot. Nous devons absolument prendre le virage de la prévention – primaire, mais aussi secondaire et tertiaire. En effet, beaucoup de personnes ne sont pas inscrites dans un parcours de soins alors que nous pourrions peut-être éviter certaines aggravations. Je vous rejoins également en ce qui concerne les ALD – il faut faire preuve de la plus grande vigilance pour savoir ce qui en relève et ce qui n’en relève pas – ainsi que l’utilisation du DMP, un outil important. Je partage enfin votre souhait d’une simplification majeure J’ai beaucoup plus de peine à vous suivre lorsque vous rabotez le prix des médicaments, alors que le prix des médicaments remboursables en France est le plus bas d’Europe. Nous risquons de ne plus avoir accès aux nouveaux médicaments et d’augmenter les probabilités de ruptures, qui induisent un surcoût très important. Le corollaire de cette baisse de prix, c’est la baisse du plafond des remises sur les médicaments génériques aux pharmaciens. Les génériques représentent un tiers du chiffre d’affaires des officines. Faire passer la remise de 40 à 20 % a donc une incidence énorme. L’arrêté du 6 octobre a suspendu cette baisse pour trois mois. Qu’en sera-t-il après le 31 décembre ? Je suis très inquiète. Si la mesure devait s’appliquer après cette date, nous verrions la fermeture de nombreuses officines, des officines de petits chiffres, particulièrement dans les territoires ruraux ; en raison des problèmes de démographie médicale, elles sont la dernière voie d’accès à la santé. Les conséquences, sociales et humanitaires, seraient majeures. Je comprends encore moins l’article 21, qui vise à permettre l’installation d’une officine par voie de création dans les communes de moins de 2 500 habitants dans lesquelles la dernière officine a définitivement cessé son activité : si elle a cessé son activité, c’est qu’elle n’était tout simplement plus viable. Notre responsabilité est de faire en sorte que celles qui sont là puissent demeurer en évitant de les fragiliser économiquement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p528",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "528",
    "529",
    "530"
   ],
   "order": 528,
   "text": "Je suis tout à fait ouverte à l’introduction d’amendements sur la prévention tertiaire. Il y a des choses à faire, par exemple, pour éviter qu’une personne qui sort de l’hôpital après un infarctus n’y revienne pour la même raison. Des expérimentations sont en cours, mais n’hésitez pas à nous soumettre vos idées S’agissant des médicaments, la responsabilité est collective et concerne aussi les laboratoires pharmaceutiques. Je reste très attachée aux négociations conventionnelles qui ont lieu avec le Comité économique des produits de santé. Vous avez raison, c’est un chemin de crête. Pour ce qui est des pharmacies, l’article répond à la demande de plusieurs parlementaires. Ce dispositif pourrait être utile dans certains endroits. Le débat sera intéressant.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p528",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N9ae78d188851",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis tout à fait ouverte à l’introduction d’amendements sur la prévention tertiaire. Il y a des choses à faire, par exemple, pour éviter qu’une personne qui sort de l’hôpital après un infarctus n’y revienne pour la même raison. Des expérimentations sont en cours, mais n’hésitez pas à nous soumettre vos idées S’agissant des médicaments, la responsabilité est collective et concerne aussi les laboratoires pharmaceutiques. Je reste très attachée aux négociations conventionnelles qui ont lieu avec le Comité économique des produits de santé. Vous avez raison, c’est un chemin de crête. Pour ce qui est des pharmacies, l’article répond à la demande de plusieurs parlementaires. Ce dispositif pourrait être utile dans certains endroits. Le débat sera intéressant."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p531",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "531",
    "532",
    "533",
    "534",
    "535",
    "536"
   ],
   "order": 531,
   "text": "Madame Rist, le niveau de l’Ondam hospitalier va conduire à des tarifications négatives. Pour éclairer nos débats, pourriez-vous nous donner les conclusions du rapport de l’Igas relatif à la sous-compensation des mesures salariales, ainsi que celles du deuxième rapport de l’Igas et de l’IGF sur l’efficience hospitalière ? Le déficit des hôpitaux publics est passé de 1 milliard à 2,8 milliards d’euros. Quelle y est la part de la sous‑compensation ? Reconduisez-vous le fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad du dernier PLFSS ? Son décaissement a été efficace ces derniers jours. Le niveau de l’Ondam va-t-il menacer les mesures de revalorisation envisagées, notamment celles des kinésithérapeutes prévues en 2025 et en 2026 ? Que pensez-vous de la fiscalité comportementale, notamment sur la malbouffe ? Seriez-vous prête à renoncer à votre mesure sur les titres-restaurant si l’on vous proposait une mesure de fiscalité comportementale à rendement comparable ? Concernant les exonérations de cotisations, vous travaillez sur la convexité de la courbe. Nous autorisez-vous à déposer des amendements pour modifier le point de sortie et à inscrire ces dispositions dans la loi ? Enfin, quelles mesures en faveur du pouvoir d’achat envisagez-vous ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 190,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p531",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb32168578ac1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Rist, le niveau de l’Ondam hospitalier va conduire à des tarifications négatives. Pour éclairer nos débats, pourriez-vous nous donner les conclusions du rapport de l’Igas relatif à la sous-compensation des mesures salariales, ainsi que celles du deuxième rapport de l’Igas et de l’IGF sur l’efficience hospitalière ? Le déficit des hôpitaux publics est passé de 1 milliard à 2,8 milliards d’euros. Quelle y est la part de la sous‑compensation ? Reconduisez-vous le fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad du dernier PLFSS ? Son décaissement a été efficace ces derniers jours. Le niveau de l’Ondam va-t-il menacer les mesures de revalorisation envisagées, notamment celles des kinésithérapeutes prévues en 2025 et en 2026 ? Que pensez-vous de la fiscalité comportementale, notamment sur la malbouffe ? Seriez-vous prête à renoncer à votre mesure sur les titres-restaurant si l’on vous proposait une mesure de fiscalité comportementale à rendement comparable ? Concernant les exonérations de cotisations, vous travaillez sur la convexité de la courbe. Nous autorisez-vous à déposer des amendements pour modifier le point de sortie et à inscrire ces dispositions dans la loi ? Enfin, quelles mesures en faveur du pouvoir d’achat envisagez-vous ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p537",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "537",
    "538",
    "539",
    "540"
   ],
   "order": 537,
   "text": "Je n’ai pas encore les rapports de l’Igas et de l’IGF sur le niveau de l’Ondam Les revalorisations des professionnels, notamment des kinésithérapeutes, sont bien programmées pour 2026. Le débat sur la fiscalité comportementale doit avoir lieu au Parlement. Enfin, il n’y a pas à ce stade de fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p537",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N7fc50328f8af",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je n’ai pas encore les rapports de l’Igas et de l’IGF sur le niveau de l’Ondam Les revalorisations des professionnels, notamment des kinésithérapeutes, sont bien programmées pour 2026. Le débat sur la fiscalité comportementale doit avoir lieu au Parlement. Enfin, il n’y a pas à ce stade de fonds d’urgence pour les Ehpad."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA873624",
   "speaker": "Jean-Pierre Farandou",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Pierre Farandou, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p541",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "541",
    "542"
   ],
   "order": 541,
   "text": "En ce qui concerne les niches sociales, il s’agit de revenir sur des exonérations totales. Les titres-restaurant, créés pour pallier l’absence de cantine, ont changé de nature : on fait ses courses avec ; il s’agit donc quasiment d’un revenu, ce qui soulève la question de la fiscalité. Notre proposition d’un prélèvement de 8 % pour l’employeur, alors qu’il est de 40 % sur le salaire, reste très raisonnable Nous entendons néanmoins que cette mesure touche à un symbole et qu’elle fait débat ; nous prenons le sujet au sérieux. Nous sommes donc prêts à étudier des contre‑propositions : traiter différemment les titres-restaurant et les chèques‑vacances, ajuster à la hausse et à la baisse ; peut-être en avez-vous d’autres encore. Je n’écarte aucune possibilité – ce serait contraire à l’esprit du débat.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 132,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p541",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nbb6c8084ef85",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En ce qui concerne les niches sociales, il s’agit de revenir sur des exonérations totales. Les titres-restaurant, créés pour pallier l’absence de cantine, ont changé de nature : on fait ses courses avec ; il s’agit donc quasiment d’un revenu, ce qui soulève la question de la fiscalité. Notre proposition d’un prélèvement de 8 % pour l’employeur, alors qu’il est de 40 % sur le salaire, reste très raisonnable Nous entendons néanmoins que cette mesure touche à un symbole et qu’elle fait débat ; nous prenons le sujet au sérieux. Nous sommes donc prêts à étudier des contre‑propositions : traiter différemment les titres-restaurant et les chèques‑vacances, ajuster à la hausse et à la baisse ; peut-être en avez-vous d’autres encore. Je n’écarte aucune possibilité – ce serait contraire à l’esprit du débat."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-21",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "M. Elie Califer (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p543",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "543",
    "544"
   ],
   "order": 543,
   "text": "Le Gouvernement prévoit une rationalisation des niches sociales visant notamment les exonérations issues de la Lodeom. Or, dans de nombreux territoires ultramarins, ces exonérations constituent un levier économique majeur pour compenser les handicaps structurels tels que l’éloignement, la dépendance aux importations, la faible diversification économique et les surcoûts salariaux liés à l’insularité Madame la ministre Montchalin, comment comptez-vous traduire dans les faits les engagements pris par M. le Premier ministre Lecornu dans un courrier adressé aux élus ultramarins le 15 octobre ?",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Compte rendu de l’audition des ministres et de la discussion générale du projet de loi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 82,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p543",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ne67748106d95",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le Gouvernement prévoit une rationalisation des niches sociales visant notamment les exonérations issues de la Lodeom. Or, dans de nombreux territoires ultramarins, ces exonérations constituent un levier économique majeur pour compenser les handicaps structurels tels que l’éloignement, la dépendance aux importations, la faible diversification économique et les surcoûts salariaux liés à l’insularité Madame la ministre Montchalin, comment comptez-vous traduire dans les faits les engagements pris par M. le Premier ministre Lecornu dans un courrier adressé aux élus ultramarins le 15 octobre ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p592",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "592",
    "593"
   ],
   "order": 592,
   "text": "Il n’y a pas du tout eu d’explosion de dépenses de santé : elles sont passées de 11,3 % du PIB en 2014 à 11,4 % en 2024. Pourtant, le vieillissement de la population aurait dû les faire augmenter. C’est bien, comme l’a dit M. Monnet, que l’on répond de moins en moins bien aux besoins. Pour le reste, on peut certes vouloir réduire un certain nombre de dépenses, c’est-à-dire avoir une société moins malade, avec moins d’arrêts de travail et de gens atteints d’un cancer. Pour cela, il faut voter contre la loi Duplomb (Exclamations). Le rapport est évident, lisez le rapport de l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale ! En revanche, les recettes n’ont pas augmenté à mesure du PIB, car vous les avez fiscalisées. Contrairement aux cotisations sociales, les impôts et la CSG ne suivent pas l’augmentation du PIB. Tel est le principal problème.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS293 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS772 de Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 151,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p592",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N3ce310ec0f70",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’y a pas du tout eu d’explosion de dépenses de santé : elles sont passées de 11,3 % du PIB en 2014 à 11,4 % en 2024. Pourtant, le vieillissement de la population aurait dû les faire augmenter. C’est bien, comme l’a dit M. Monnet, que l’on répond de moins en moins bien aux besoins. Pour le reste, on peut certes vouloir réduire un certain nombre de dépenses, c’est-à-dire avoir une société moins malade, avec moins d’arrêts de travail et de gens atteints d’un cancer. Pour cela, il faut voter contre la loi Duplomb (Exclamations). Le rapport est évident, lisez le rapport de l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale ! En revanche, les recettes n’ont pas augmenté à mesure du PIB, car vous les avez fiscalisées. Contrairement aux cotisations sociales, les impôts et la CSG ne suivent pas l’augmentation du PIB. Tel est le principal problème."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p594",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "594",
    "595"
   ],
   "order": 594,
   "text": "Chers amis de gauche qui voulez mettre des boulets toujours plus lourds au pied des entreprises, si l’on ne s’évertuait pas à tuer nos entreprises et à empêcher l’économie se développer, on n’aurait pas de problèmes de sécurité sociale Quant à l’acétamipride, monsieur Davi, ce n’est pas en tant que cancérogène qu’il est en cause – et je parle en tant que président du groupe d’études cancer : demandez à l’Institut national du cancer. Le problème est ailleurs. Donc aucun rapport avec la loi Duplomb.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS293 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS772 de Mme Joëlle Mélin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 85,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p594",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ncc03659f1429",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Chers amis de gauche qui voulez mettre des boulets toujours plus lourds au pied des entreprises, si l’on ne s’évertuait pas à tuer nos entreprises et à empêcher l’économie se développer, on n’aurait pas de problèmes de sécurité sociale Quant à l’acétamipride, monsieur Davi, ce n’est pas en tant que cancérogène qu’il est en cause – et je parle en tant que président du groupe d’études cancer : demandez à l’Institut national du cancer. Le problème est ailleurs. Donc aucun rapport avec la loi Duplomb."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p599",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "599",
    "600",
    "601"
   ],
   "order": 599,
   "text": "Nous avons une discussion à front renversé : plutôt que d’essayer de faire entrer les besoins dans une enveloppe déterminée, il vaudrait mieux se demander quels sont les besoins et faire le chèque en fonction Cet article vise à geler le montant de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) au niveau de l’année précédente, à 265,9 milliards d’euros. Vous me rétorquerez qu’il est tout de même en progression, mais si l’on tient compte de l’inflation – car tout coûte plus cher : le prix du pansement, le changement de la fenêtre de l’hôpital – et du vieillissement croissant de la population, on voit bien que vous retirez de l’argent à notre service de santé. L’alignement de l’Ondam avec vos prévisions s’est fait au prix de coupes budgétaires gigantesques : pour augmenter les dépenses de soins de ville de 700 millions, vous avez retiré des centaines de millions à d’autres secteurs. La Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) estime qu’il manque 2,5 milliards d’euros pour l’hôpital – l’équivalent de milliers de postes – et 600 millions pour les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad) – qui se traduiront en privation alimentaire des résidents et en taux d’encadrement absolument insuffisants pour garantir la dignité des personnes. Voilà ce qui est proposé et que nous refusons de bout en bout.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS313 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 218,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p599",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N3af48a8458b4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons une discussion à front renversé : plutôt que d’essayer de faire entrer les besoins dans une enveloppe déterminée, il vaudrait mieux se demander quels sont les besoins et faire le chèque en fonction Cet article vise à geler le montant de l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) au niveau de l’année précédente, à 265,9 milliards d’euros. Vous me rétorquerez qu’il est tout de même en progression, mais si l’on tient compte de l’inflation – car tout coûte plus cher : le prix du pansement, le changement de la fenêtre de l’hôpital – et du vieillissement croissant de la population, on voit bien que vous retirez de l’argent à notre service de santé. L’alignement de l’Ondam avec vos prévisions s’est fait au prix de coupes budgétaires gigantesques : pour augmenter les dépenses de soins de ville de 700 millions, vous avez retiré des centaines de millions à d’autres secteurs. La Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) estime qu’il manque 2,5 milliards d’euros pour l’hôpital – l’équivalent de milliers de postes – et 600 millions pour les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad) – qui se traduiront en privation alimentaire des résidents et en taux d’encadrement absolument insuffisants pour garantir la dignité des personnes. Voilà ce qui est proposé et que nous refusons de bout en bout."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p602",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "602",
    "603",
    "604",
    "605"
   ],
   "order": 602,
   "text": "Il s’agit là encore d’un article obligatoire Vous dites des choses justes, monsieur Clouet : les mises en réserve ont des conséquences sur le pilotage budgétaire en cours d’année et entraînent des situations préoccupantes dans certains établissements – nous ne pouvons qu’y être sensibles. Mais vous dites aussi des choses fausses : en passant de 256,4 milliards en 2024 à 265,9 milliards d’euros en 2025, l’Ondam augmente de 3,7 %. C’est bien plus que ce que nous avions prévu l’an dernier, et on ne peut pas parler de réduction des moyens. Encore une fois, on ne peut que regretter les mises en réserve, mais elles ne s’élèvent qu’à quelques centaines de millions d’euros ; or je vous parle là de milliards. Au reste, cet article présente une photographie de l’année 2025, et nous sommes fin octobre : le supprimer ne changera rien. Mais vous avez évidemment le droit d’exprimer par un amendement ce que cela vous inspire. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS313 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 159,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p602",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N0f4749d2f8bb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit là encore d’un article obligatoire Vous dites des choses justes, monsieur Clouet : les mises en réserve ont des conséquences sur le pilotage budgétaire en cours d’année et entraînent des situations préoccupantes dans certains établissements – nous ne pouvons qu’y être sensibles. Mais vous dites aussi des choses fausses : en passant de 256,4 milliards en 2024 à 265,9 milliards d’euros en 2025, l’Ondam augmente de 3,7 %. C’est bien plus que ce que nous avions prévu l’an dernier, et on ne peut pas parler de réduction des moyens. Encore une fois, on ne peut que regretter les mises en réserve, mais elles ne s’élèvent qu’à quelques centaines de millions d’euros ; or je vous parle là de milliards. Au reste, cet article présente une photographie de l’année 2025, et nous sommes fin octobre : le supprimer ne changera rien. Mais vous avez évidemment le droit d’exprimer par un amendement ce que cela vous inspire. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p606",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "606",
    "607"
   ],
   "order": 606,
   "text": "Comme chaque année, je rappelle que l’Ondam n’est qu’un objectif ; en l’espèce, on parle de celui pour 2025 Les économistes ont montré qu’au moins les deux tiers de notre dette viennent des dépenses sociales. Il est donc normal d’avoir la volonté de maîtriser ces dépenses. Pour faire des économies, des évolutions sont possibles dans un certain nombre de secteurs. L’hôpital par exemple pourrait être plus efficace – certains ont montré que c’était possible.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS313 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p606",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nc133ec7bcd5a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Comme chaque année, je rappelle que l’Ondam n’est qu’un objectif ; en l’espèce, on parle de celui pour 2025 Les économistes ont montré qu’au moins les deux tiers de notre dette viennent des dépenses sociales. Il est donc normal d’avoir la volonté de maîtriser ces dépenses. Pour faire des économies, des évolutions sont possibles dans un certain nombre de secteurs. L’hôpital par exemple pourrait être plus efficace – certains ont montré que c’était possible."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p618",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "618",
    "619"
   ],
   "order": 618,
   "text": "L’hôpital public est en déficit et les besoins augmentent. Pourtant, l’Ondam ne fait ressortir ni l’une ni l’autre de ces dimensions. Nous n’avons aucune évaluation des besoins de la population : on essaie de faire coller les besoins à l’Ondam, au lieu de commencer par s’intéresser aux besoins pour définir l’Ondam ensuite Par ailleurs, le monde du travail est en grande souffrance : il n’y a jamais autant de burn‑out, un salarié sur quatre se dit en souffrance aiguë au travail et estime que cela nuit à sa santé mentale. C’est à ces problèmes que nous devrions nous intéresser, plutôt que d’essayer de restreindre les indemnités journalières dans un tableau Excel.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS313 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 111,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p618",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ne0a4436e6a50",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’hôpital public est en déficit et les besoins augmentent. Pourtant, l’Ondam ne fait ressortir ni l’une ni l’autre de ces dimensions. Nous n’avons aucune évaluation des besoins de la population : on essaie de faire coller les besoins à l’Ondam, au lieu de commencer par s’intéresser aux besoins pour définir l’Ondam ensuite Par ailleurs, le monde du travail est en grande souffrance : il n’y a jamais autant de burn‑out, un salarié sur quatre se dit en souffrance aiguë au travail et estime que cela nuit à sa santé mentale. C’est à ces problèmes que nous devrions nous intéresser, plutôt que d’essayer de restreindre les indemnités journalières dans un tableau Excel."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p620",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "620",
    "621",
    "622",
    "623",
    "624"
   ],
   "order": 620,
   "text": "Cet article vise à rectifier l’Ondam et ses sous-objectifs. Je souscris aux remarques de Yannick Monnet et Sandrine Rousseau : il faudrait réfléchir à partir des besoins, plutôt que de commencer par déterminer des moyens. Et, comme l’a dit Jérôme Guedj, l’Ondam pose un réel problème de pilotage, qui appelle une révision de notre cadre financier – peut-être à travers une loi organique Par ailleurs, personne n’a parlé de la procédure déclenchée par le comité d’alerte sur l’évolution des dépenses d’assurance maladie. C’était pourtant un événement inédit, qui a notamment conduit à annuler des revalorisations tarifaires des actes de certains professionnels libéraux qui auraient pourtant pu faire consensus. Je pense en particulier à celles des kinésithérapeutes, dont les objectifs en matière de rééducation et de soins à domicile avaient été renforcés – une dynamique que nous appelions tous de nos vœux –, ou encore des psychiatres, alors que la santé mentale est grande cause nationale. Cette annulation est injuste, car ces professionnels ne sont pas responsables du dépassement du sous-objectif de l’Ondam consacré aux soins de ville. S’agissant des chiffres, vous avez tous à la fois raison et tort. Les comparaisons avec les années précédentes pourraient avoir un sens si l’on ne changeait pas sans cesse de périmètre. Ainsi, le sous-objectif de l’Ondam relatif aux établissements de santé augmente de 1,1 milliard d’euros si l’on raisonne en euros constants, mais de 4,4 milliards en euros courants. À la suite du déclenchement de l’alerte, les dotations relatives au sous-objectif des établissements de santé ont été réduites de 267 millions d’euros. Le gel des dotations est en effet l’un des mécanismes de pilotage annuel. Dans les faits cependant, cette baisse a été ramenée à moins de 100 millions compte tenu des dépenses faites sur d’autres enveloppes. L’article 2 tient compte de tout cela et rectifie les chiffres du sous-objectif des établissements de santé, mais nous parlons en fait d’une baisse de 100 millions, à comparer avec des augmentations de 4,4 milliards ou de 1,1 milliard selon que l’on raisonne en euros courants ou constants ! Nous sommes plusieurs à avoir déploré les conséquences pour un certain nombre d’acteurs du gel décidé à la suite du comité d’alerte. Toutefois, et au prix de ces sacrifices, l’Ondam devrait pour la première fois cette année être respecté. Enfin, je rappelle qu’un Ondam n’empêche pas de dépenser plus, comme le montre justement le fait qu’il ait été surexécuté pendant les cinq dernières années : c’est un outil de pilotage qui n’est pas bloquant lorsque des besoins se manifestent – et tant mieux pour nos établissements.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS313 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 429,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p620",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N70500e201cc4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article vise à rectifier l’Ondam et ses sous-objectifs. Je souscris aux remarques de [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] : il faudrait réfléchir à partir des besoins, plutôt que de commencer par déterminer des moyens. Et, comme l’a dit [PERSONNE], l’Ondam pose un réel problème de pilotage, qui appelle une révision de notre cadre financier – peut-être à travers une loi organique Par ailleurs, personne n’a parlé de la procédure déclenchée par le comité d’alerte sur l’évolution des dépenses d’assurance maladie. C’était pourtant un événement inédit, qui a notamment conduit à annuler des revalorisations tarifaires des actes de certains professionnels libéraux qui auraient pourtant pu faire consensus. Je pense en particulier à celles des kinésithérapeutes, dont les objectifs en matière de rééducation et de soins à domicile avaient été renforcés – une dynamique que nous appelions tous de nos vœux –, ou encore des psychiatres, alors que la santé mentale est grande cause nationale. Cette annulation est injuste, car ces professionnels ne sont pas responsables du dépassement du sous-objectif de l’Ondam consacré aux soins de ville. S’agissant des chiffres, vous avez tous à la fois raison et tort. Les comparaisons avec les années précédentes pourraient avoir un sens si l’on ne changeait pas sans cesse de périmètre. Ainsi, le sous-objectif de l’Ondam relatif aux établissements de santé augmente de 1,1 milliard d’euros si l’on raisonne en euros constants, mais de 4,4 milliards en euros courants. À la suite du déclenchement de l’alerte, les dotations relatives au sous-objectif des établissements de santé ont été réduites de 267 millions d’euros. Le gel des dotations est en effet l’un des mécanismes de pilotage annuel. Dans les faits cependant, cette baisse a été ramenée à moins de 100 millions compte tenu des dépenses faites sur d’autres enveloppes. L’article 2 tient compte de tout cela et rectifie les chiffres du sous-objectif des établissements de santé, mais nous parlons en fait d’une baisse de 100 millions, à comparer avec des augmentations de 4,4 milliards ou de 1,1 milliard selon que l’on raisonne en euros courants ou constants ! Nous sommes plusieurs à avoir déploré les conséquences pour un certain nombre d’acteurs du gel décidé à la suite du comité d’alerte. Toutefois, et au prix de ces sacrifices, l’Ondam devrait pour la première fois cette année être respecté. Enfin, je rappelle qu’un Ondam n’empêche pas de dépenser plus, comme le montre justement le fait qu’il ait été surexécuté pendant les cinq dernières années : c’est un outil de pilotage qui n’est pas bloquant lorsque des besoins se manifestent – et tant mieux pour nos établissements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795108",
   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p627",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "627",
    "628",
    "629"
   ],
   "order": 627,
   "text": "Mon amendement de repli vise à augmenter les dotations versées aux hôpitaux, aux Ehpad et aux établissements médico-sociaux Vous venez de dire que nous avions tous à la fois tort et raison sur les chiffres. Peut‑être ne comprenons-nous pas tout, mais nous nous appuyons sur les demandes de la FHF, qui est tout de même bien placée pour connaître les budgets et les difficultés des hôpitaux. Je travaillais à l’hôpital lors du covid, quand le Président de la République prononçait des grands mots la main sur le cœur. Le compte n’y est toujours pas. Il vous faut admettre que vos politiques ne fonctionnent pas – à moins que leur objectif soit de détruire l’hôpital public.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS318 de Mme Élise Leboucher, AS322 de M. Damien Maudet et AS863 de Mme Karine Lebon (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p627",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N90a4887c5734",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement de repli vise à augmenter les dotations versées aux hôpitaux, aux Ehpad et aux établissements médico-sociaux Vous venez de dire que nous avions tous à la fois tort et raison sur les chiffres. Peut‑être ne comprenons-nous pas tout, mais nous nous appuyons sur les demandes de la FHF, qui est tout de même bien placée pour connaître les budgets et les difficultés des hôpitaux. Je travaillais à l’hôpital lors du covid, quand le Président de la République prononçait des grands mots la main sur le cœur. Le compte n’y est toujours pas. Il vous faut admettre que vos politiques ne fonctionnent pas – à moins que leur objectif soit de détruire l’hôpital public."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p630",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "630",
    "631",
    "632"
   ],
   "order": 630,
   "text": "Mon amendement vise à augmenter la dotation des établissements de santé, qu’il s’agisse des hôpitaux ou des Ehpad On ne peut pas nous répondre que nous lisons mal les chiffres : il y a un fait, c’est que compte tenu du niveau de l’inflation, les moyens consacrés aux établissements seront insuffisants, sachant que la plupart d’entre eux sont déjà en déficit. La loi relative à l’instauration d’un nombre minimum de soignants par patient hospitalisé aurait dû redonner un peu d’air aux soignants, mais on n’en trouve aucune traduction dans ce projet. Je ne vois pas comment ils vont s’en sortir avec un budget aussi insuffisant. En lisant ce PLFSS, on pourrait croire que l’hôpital va bien et que l’on peut prendre un peu sur son budget. C’est ignorer ce qui se passe sur le terrain. Certains se sont peut-être habitués aux heures d’attente dans les services des urgences, mais ce n’est pas notre cas. Nous allons perdre des soignants si nous ne les soutenons pas.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS318 de Mme Élise Leboucher, AS322 de M. Damien Maudet et AS863 de Mme Karine Lebon (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 165,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p630",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nf200f7222094",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement vise à augmenter la dotation des établissements de santé, qu’il s’agisse des hôpitaux ou des Ehpad On ne peut pas nous répondre que nous lisons mal les chiffres : il y a un fait, c’est que compte tenu du niveau de l’inflation, les moyens consacrés aux établissements seront insuffisants, sachant que la plupart d’entre eux sont déjà en déficit. La loi relative à l’instauration d’un nombre minimum de soignants par patient hospitalisé aurait dû redonner un peu d’air aux soignants, mais on n’en trouve aucune traduction dans ce projet. Je ne vois pas comment ils vont s’en sortir avec un budget aussi insuffisant. En lisant ce PLFSS, on pourrait croire que l’hôpital va bien et que l’on peut prendre un peu sur son budget. C’est ignorer ce qui se passe sur le terrain. Certains se sont peut-être habitués aux heures d’attente dans les services des urgences, mais ce n’est pas notre cas. Nous allons perdre des soignants si nous ne les soutenons pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p633",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "633",
    "634"
   ],
   "order": 633,
   "text": "L’amendement AS863 vise à compenser l’absence des financements correspondant à la prime Ségur pour les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux privés à but non lucratif en charge de la lutte contre les addictions Je suis d’accord avec Thibault Bazin en ce qui concerne l’Ondam : il n’empêche pas de dépenser plus. En revanche, il conduit à augmenter la dette, parce que l’on ne s’interroge pas sur les recettes nouvelles quand il est nécessaire de le dépasser. C’est un véritable sujet.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS318 de Mme Élise Leboucher, AS322 de M. Damien Maudet et AS863 de Mme Karine Lebon (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 79,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p633",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N23ec1f43acef",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS863 vise à compenser l’absence des financements correspondant à la prime Ségur pour les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux privés à but non lucratif en charge de la lutte contre les addictions Je suis d’accord avec [PERSONNE] en ce qui concerne l’Ondam : il n’empêche pas de dépenser plus. En revanche, il conduit à augmenter la dette, parce que l’on ne s’interroge pas sur les recettes nouvelles quand il est nécessaire de le dépasser. C’est un véritable sujet."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p635",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "635",
    "636",
    "637",
    "638",
    "639"
   ],
   "order": 635,
   "text": "Je considère qu’il s’agit d’amendements d’appel, destinés à attirer l’attention sur les besoins. Ne nous mentons pas : les adopter ne conduirait pas automatiquement à augmenter les dotations Yannick Monnet a raison de dire que nous devrions nous interroger sur les recettes supplémentaires. C’est tout le problème du cadre de cette discussion : à la différence d’une loi de finances de fin de gestion, nous discutons d’objectifs. C’est une différence fondamentale et l’on ne peut pas raisonner de la même manière. Je vais rassurer Mme Leboucher sur mes intentions : je ne souhaite pas détruire nos hôpitaux. Je mesure les services qu’ils rendent. J’ai aussi lu les observations formulées par la FHF – et je crois d’ailleurs que c’est le seul interlocuteur que je cite dans mon rapport. Adopter ces amendements ne changerait rien à l’exécution de l’année 2025, qui est d’ailleurs quasiment terminée. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS318 de Mme Élise Leboucher, AS322 de M. Damien Maudet et AS863 de Mme Karine Lebon (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p635",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N1fc5628d41b5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je considère qu’il s’agit d’amendements d’appel, destinés à attirer l’attention sur les besoins. Ne nous mentons pas : les adopter ne conduirait pas automatiquement à augmenter les dotations [PERSONNE] a raison de dire que nous devrions nous interroger sur les recettes supplémentaires. C’est tout le problème du cadre de cette discussion : à la différence d’une loi de finances de fin de gestion, nous discutons d’objectifs. C’est une différence fondamentale et l’on ne peut pas raisonner de la même manière. Je vais rassurer Mme Leboucher sur mes intentions : je ne souhaite pas détruire nos hôpitaux. Je mesure les services qu’ils rendent. J’ai aussi lu les observations formulées par la FHF – et je crois d’ailleurs que c’est le seul interlocuteur que je cite dans mon rapport. Adopter ces amendements ne changerait rien à l’exécution de l’année 2025, qui est d’ailleurs quasiment terminée. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p899",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "899"
   ],
   "order": 899,
   "text": "Je suis très attaché à ce que la sécurité sociale soit financée par des cotisations. Toutefois, nous connaissons une suraccumulation du capital. Les entreprises du CAC40 ont versé plus de 73 milliards d’euros de dividendes à leurs actionnaires. Il est indispensable que cet argent contribue au financement de la sécurité sociale. Il s’agit de renforcer ses recettes, mais aussi de rétablir de la justice fiscale. Grâce aux 5,4 milliards supplémentaires, selon l’annexe 3 du projet de loi, nous pourrions abroger la réforme des retraites et augmenter l’Ondam de 3,5 % au lieu de 1,6 %",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS914 de Mme Karine Lebon ; amendements identiques AS377 de M. Hadrien Clouet et AS928 de M. Hendrik Davi ; amendements identiques AS134 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS720 de M. Paul-André Colombani ; amendements identiques AS126 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS381 de Mme Élise Leboucher ; amendement AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p899",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N669c1f8f2990",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très attaché à ce que la sécurité sociale soit financée par des cotisations. Toutefois, nous connaissons une suraccumulation du capital. Les entreprises du CAC40 ont versé plus de 73 milliards d’euros de dividendes à leurs actionnaires. Il est indispensable que cet argent contribue au financement de la sécurité sociale. Il s’agit de renforcer ses recettes, mais aussi de rétablir de la justice fiscale. Grâce aux 5,4 milliards supplémentaires, selon l’annexe 3 du projet de loi, nous pourrions abroger la réforme des retraites et augmenter l’Ondam de 3,5 % au lieu de 1,6 %"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840939",
   "speaker": "Océane Godard",
   "quality": "Mme Océane Godard (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p900",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "900"
   ],
   "order": 900,
   "text": "Depuis 2017, la suppression de l’impôt de solidarité sur la fortune et le choix de taxer davantage le travail que le capital ont coûté 60 milliards d’euros par an aux caisses de l’État. L’amendement AS134 vise à augmenter de 2 points le taux de CSG applicable aux revenus du capital, actuellement identique à celui de la CSG sur les revenus du travail. Face à la crise des recettes organisée par la politique de l’offre du Président de la République, il convient de réduire le déficit de la sécurité sociale en appliquant des mesures qui toucheront surtout les ménages les plus aisés. Celle-ci rapporterait 3,8 milliards",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS914 de Mme Karine Lebon ; amendements identiques AS377 de M. Hadrien Clouet et AS928 de M. Hendrik Davi ; amendements identiques AS134 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS720 de M. Paul-André Colombani ; amendements identiques AS126 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS381 de Mme Élise Leboucher ; amendement AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p900",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N6db099a0d51a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis 2017, la suppression de l’impôt de solidarité sur la fortune et le choix de taxer davantage le travail que le capital ont coûté 60 milliards d’euros par an aux caisses de l’État. L’amendement AS134 vise à augmenter de 2 points le taux de CSG applicable aux revenus du capital, actuellement identique à celui de la CSG sur les revenus du travail. Face à la crise des recettes organisée par la politique de l’offre du Président de la République, il convient de réduire le déficit de la sécurité sociale en appliquant des mesures qui toucheront surtout les ménages les plus aisés. Celle-ci rapporterait 3,8 milliards"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p901",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "901",
    "902"
   ],
   "order": 901,
   "text": "Mon amendement est identique au précédent. Les ressources dégagées serviraient à financer la branche autonomie. Après la crise du covid‑19, qui a été un véritable drame dans nos Ehpad, on a abandonné le projet d’une loi grand âge et autonomie ou d’une loi de programmation pluriannuelle, et renoncé à trouver les financements nécessaires pour relever le défi du vieillissement. Il s’agit pourtant d’une dépense incompressible Aucun financement nouveau n’a été prévu pour cette branche, à part l’affectation en 2024 de 0,15 point de CSG. Or cela ne représente que 2,6 milliards d’euros, quand le rapport Libault évalue qu’il faudra 9,2 milliards d’ici à 2030.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS914 de Mme Karine Lebon ; amendements identiques AS377 de M. Hadrien Clouet et AS928 de M. Hendrik Davi ; amendements identiques AS134 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS720 de M. Paul-André Colombani ; amendements identiques AS126 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS381 de Mme Élise Leboucher ; amendement AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p901",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N66abec6f3617",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement est identique au précédent. Les ressources dégagées serviraient à financer la branche autonomie. Après la crise du covid‑19, qui a été un véritable drame dans nos Ehpad, on a abandonné le projet d’une loi grand âge et autonomie ou d’une loi de programmation pluriannuelle, et renoncé à trouver les financements nécessaires pour relever le défi du vieillissement. Il s’agit pourtant d’une dépense incompressible Aucun financement nouveau n’a été prévu pour cette branche, à part l’affectation en 2024 de 0,15 point de CSG. Or cela ne représente que 2,6 milliards d’euros, quand le rapport Libault évalue qu’il faudra 9,2 milliards d’ici à 2030."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p903",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "903",
    "904"
   ],
   "order": 903,
   "text": "Pour pouvoir supprimer certaines mesures d’économie injustes et insupportables de ce PLFSS, comme le gel du barème de la CSG et des prestations sociales ou le doublement des franchises, nous défendons des ressources supplémentaires. C’est un travail de dentelle Entre 2004 et 2018, le taux de la CSG sur le patrimoine a été supérieur à celui qui frappe les revenus d’activité. Cette différence est normale : la part du revenu du capital dans le revenu global des ménages est supérieure à la part de la CSG capital dans le rendement global de la CSG. Le rapport Libault « Pour un redressement durable de la sécurité sociale », paru en juillet, plaide pour augmenter ce taux. L’amendement AS126 vise à le relever de 1,4 point.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS914 de Mme Karine Lebon ; amendements identiques AS377 de M. Hadrien Clouet et AS928 de M. Hendrik Davi ; amendements identiques AS134 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS720 de M. Paul-André Colombani ; amendements identiques AS126 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS381 de Mme Élise Leboucher ; amendement AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 124,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p903",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N8e237d75e5ca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour pouvoir supprimer certaines mesures d’économie injustes et insupportables de ce PLFSS, comme le gel du barème de la CSG et des prestations sociales ou le doublement des franchises, nous défendons des ressources supplémentaires. C’est un travail de dentelle Entre 2004 et 2018, le taux de la CSG sur le patrimoine a été supérieur à celui qui frappe les revenus d’activité. Cette différence est normale : la part du revenu du capital dans le revenu global des ménages est supérieure à la part de la CSG capital dans le rendement global de la CSG. Le rapport Libault « Pour un redressement durable de la sécurité sociale », paru en juillet, plaide pour augmenter ce taux. L’amendement AS126 vise à le relever de 1,4 point."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p905",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "905",
    "906"
   ],
   "order": 905,
   "text": "Un chiffre époustouflant dit tout l’échec de la politique macroniste : 96 % des dividendes sont reversés à 1 % des ménages. Que fait ce 1 % de tous ces dividendes qu’il se met dans les poches ? Il ne s’en sert pas pour sauver Vencorex, racheté par des Chinois, ni pour sauver ArcelorMittal, dernier producteur d’acier en France, racheté par des Indiens Les apprentis, les retraités, tous ceux sur qui vous voulez faire des économies, eux, dépensent leur salaire, quand ils en ont un, pour s’acheter à manger, payer le loyer, parfois des loisirs. Ils font fonctionner l’économie. En donnant ces dividendes au 1 % qui n’investit pas dans l’économie, vous faites couler le pays. Voilà pourquoi par l’amendement AS381 nous proposons de taxer le capital et non le travail : c’est le seul moyen de relever la France.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS914 de Mme Karine Lebon ; amendements identiques AS377 de M. Hadrien Clouet et AS928 de M. Hendrik Davi ; amendements identiques AS134 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS720 de M. Paul-André Colombani ; amendements identiques AS126 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS381 de Mme Élise Leboucher ; amendement AS133 de M. Jérôme Guedj (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 140,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p905",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nda5e0b0899d4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Un chiffre époustouflant dit tout l’échec de la politique macroniste : 96 % des dividendes sont reversés à 1 % des ménages. Que fait ce 1 % de tous ces dividendes qu’il se met dans les poches ? Il ne s’en sert pas pour sauver Vencorex, racheté par des Chinois, ni pour sauver ArcelorMittal, dernier producteur d’acier en France, racheté par des Indiens Les apprentis, les retraités, tous ceux sur qui vous voulez faire des économies, eux, dépensent leur salaire, quand ils en ont un, pour s’acheter à manger, payer le loyer, parfois des loisirs. Ils font fonctionner l’économie. En donnant ces dividendes au 1 % qui n’investit pas dans l’économie, vous faites couler le pays. Voilà pourquoi par l’amendement AS381 nous proposons de taxer le capital et non le travail : c’est le seul moyen de relever la France."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1244",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1244"
   ],
   "order": 1244,
   "text": "Je suis d’accord avec l’idée qu’il faudrait renforcer la prévention à tous les âges et dans tous les domaines. Néanmoins, la prévention repose en particulier sur les infirmières et les médecins scolaires, dont les effectifs sont très clairsemés, et sur la médecine du travail, qui a subi une dérégulation complète dans le cadre de la loi n° 2016‑1088 du 8 août 2016 relative au travail, à la modernisation du dialogue social et à la sécurisation des parcours professionnels. Les médecins généralistes peuvent aussi faire de la prévention, mais ils ne sont plus assez nombreux. Je ne suis pas sûre qu’il faille faire reposer les efforts sur les mutuelles, et encore moins sur des banques assurances, car cela conduirait à une externalisation complète et potentiellement à une financiarisation de la prévention. Il faut rester prudent au sujet des taux réduits",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1404 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 139,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1244",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N27db1c43c966",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis d’accord avec l’idée qu’il faudrait renforcer la prévention à tous les âges et dans tous les domaines. Néanmoins, la prévention repose en particulier sur les infirmières et les médecins scolaires, dont les effectifs sont très clairsemés, et sur la médecine du travail, qui a subi une dérégulation complète dans le cadre de la loi n° 2016‑1088 du 8 août 2016 relative au travail, à la modernisation du dialogue social et à la sécurisation des parcours professionnels. Les médecins généralistes peuvent aussi faire de la prévention, mais ils ne sont plus assez nombreux. Je ne suis pas sûre qu’il faille faire reposer les efforts sur les mutuelles, et encore moins sur des banques assurances, car cela conduirait à une externalisation complète et potentiellement à une financiarisation de la prévention. Il faut rester prudent au sujet des taux réduits"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1245",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1245"
   ],
   "order": 1245,
   "text": "Je suis d’accord, en principe, avec l’idée d’orienter les mutuelles vers la prévention. Mais cela risque de se faire au détriment du remboursement des prestations traditionnelles ou bien de se traduire, à terme, par une augmentation des cotisations. Les mutuelles pourront ne se charger que de la prévention lorsqu’on élargira l’assiette de la prise en charge de la sécurité sociale ; tant qu’elle ne sera pas intégrale, les mutuelles combleront les manques, par exemple les dépassements d’honoraires. Dans un monde idéal, je soutiendrais cet amendement mais, en l’état, ce serait au détriment des patients et d’autres types de prise en charge",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1404 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1245",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N66c23e3237a6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis d’accord, en principe, avec l’idée d’orienter les mutuelles vers la prévention. Mais cela risque de se faire au détriment du remboursement des prestations traditionnelles ou bien de se traduire, à terme, par une augmentation des cotisations. Les mutuelles pourront ne se charger que de la prévention lorsqu’on élargira l’assiette de la prise en charge de la sécurité sociale ; tant qu’elle ne sera pas intégrale, les mutuelles combleront les manques, par exemple les dépassements d’honoraires. Dans un monde idéal, je soutiendrais cet amendement mais, en l’état, ce serait au détriment des patients et d’autres types de prise en charge"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1246",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1246"
   ],
   "order": 1246,
   "text": "Ce qu’il faut retenir de cet amendement, que je soutiens, c’est qu’il faut mettre la prévention au cœur de la réflexion et la développer de manière industrielle. C’est peut-être une lapalissade, mais la meilleure façon d’améliorer notre système de santé est d’éviter que des gens tombent malades. Nous sommes en mauvaise santé par rapport à la population d’autres pays. Plus de prévention, par exemple en travaillant sur la vaccination, permettrait d’améliorer les réponses apportées à ceux qui sont malades et de traiter les questions de financement. Je trouve donc la démarche de notre collègue intéressante",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1404 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1246",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N8ab204b4c46d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qu’il faut retenir de cet amendement, que je soutiens, c’est qu’il faut mettre la prévention au cœur de la réflexion et la développer de manière industrielle. C’est peut-être une lapalissade, mais la meilleure façon d’améliorer notre système de santé est d’éviter que des gens tombent malades. Nous sommes en mauvaise santé par rapport à la population d’autres pays. Plus de prévention, par exemple en travaillant sur la vaccination, permettrait d’améliorer les réponses apportées à ceux qui sont malades et de traiter les questions de financement. Je trouve donc la démarche de notre collègue intéressante"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1247",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1247"
   ],
   "order": 1247,
   "text": "La prévention est un élément important, nous en sommes tous d’accord. Mais est-ce par une moindre taxation des mutuelles qu’il faut agir ? Je n’en suis pas sûr. Il faudrait aller vers une prise en charge des parcours de santé au lieu de faire de petits dégrèvements de-ci de-là – même si cela fait naturellement plaisir aux mutuelles",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1404 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1247",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb8c24b08dbd5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La prévention est un élément important, nous en sommes tous d’accord. Mais est-ce par une moindre taxation des mutuelles qu’il faut agir ? Je n’en suis pas sûr. Il faudrait aller vers une prise en charge des parcours de santé au lieu de faire de petits dégrèvements de-ci de-là – même si cela fait naturellement plaisir aux mutuelles"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1248",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1248"
   ],
   "order": 1248,
   "text": "La prévention est effectivement capitale. Nous devons prendre ce virage. Néanmoins, et cela permettra peut-être de satisfaire tout le monde, il faut distinguer plusieurs types de prévention. La prévention primaire consiste à éviter d’être malade ; ce peut être le rôle des mutuelles. Mais la prévention secondaire et tertiaire relève plutôt de parcours, ce qui est très différent",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1404 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1248",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N78999ea38340",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La prévention est effectivement capitale. Nous devons prendre ce virage. Néanmoins, et cela permettra peut-être de satisfaire tout le monde, il faut distinguer plusieurs types de prévention. La prévention primaire consiste à éviter d’être malade ; ce peut être le rôle des mutuelles. Mais la prévention secondaire et tertiaire relève plutôt de parcours, ce qui est très différent"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1507",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1507",
    "1508",
    "1509"
   ],
   "order": 1507,
   "text": "Cet amendement semble séduisant ; j’ai même cru que le groupe Écologiste et Social voulait réduire des cotisations, alors qu’il cherche plutôt à augmenter les recettes depuis ce matin ! Je suis favorable à l’actionnariat salarié, mais les sommes versées au titre de la participation sont déjà exonérées de forfait social dans les entreprises de moins de 50 salariés. Il en va de même des primes d’intéressement dans les entreprises de moins de 250 salariés. Je vous invite à retirer l’amendement, afin de vérifier qu’il n’est pas moins-disant que ce qui est déjà appliqué dans certaines entreprises.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1090 de M. Charles Fournier",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1507",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nee865c59119f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement semble séduisant ; j’ai même cru que le groupe [GROUPE] voulait réduire des cotisations, alors qu’il cherche plutôt à augmenter les recettes depuis ce matin ! Je suis favorable à l’actionnariat salarié, mais les sommes versées au titre de la participation sont déjà exonérées de forfait social dans les entreprises de moins de 50 salariés. Il en va de même des primes d’intéressement dans les entreprises de moins de 250 salariés. Je vous invite à retirer l’amendement, afin de vérifier qu’il n’est pas moins-disant que ce qui est déjà appliqué dans certaines entreprises."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841947",
   "speaker": "Zahia Hamdane",
   "quality": "Mme Zahia Hamdane (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1513",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1513",
    "1514",
    "1515"
   ],
   "order": 1513,
   "text": "Où sont passées les promesses du Président sur le grand âge ? On nous a annoncé une grande loi sur la dépendance et une cinquième branche ambitieuse, mais nous n’avons vu que des mesurettes dispersées dans les projets de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) et une loi portant mesures pour bâtir la société du bien-vieillir et de l’autonomie dépourvue de moyens L’amendement AS494 a pour objectif de rehausser la contribution de solidarité pour l’autonomie (CSA) pour enfin donner à cette branche les moyens de remplir ses missions. Il y a urgence, la France vieillit. Dans quinze ans, près d’un quart de la population aura plus de 65 ans. Les besoins explosent, les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad) manquent de personnel, les associations sont asphyxiées et des dizaines de millions de postes ne trouvent pas preneur. Augmenter le taux de cette contribution de 0,3 % à 0,6 %, c’est répondre à cette réalité démographique et sociale, mais aussi assurer un financement pérenne pour nos aînés et pour celles et ceux qui les accompagnent. En somme, c’est une mesure de dignité et de justice.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 187,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1513",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ndb6846806ab9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Où sont passées les promesses du Président sur le grand âge ? On nous a annoncé une grande loi sur la dépendance et une cinquième branche ambitieuse, mais nous n’avons vu que des mesurettes dispersées dans les projets de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) et une loi portant mesures pour bâtir la société du bien-vieillir et de l’autonomie dépourvue de moyens L’amendement AS494 a pour objectif de rehausser la contribution de solidarité pour l’autonomie (CSA) pour enfin donner à cette branche les moyens de remplir ses missions. Il y a urgence, la France vieillit. Dans quinze ans, près d’un quart de la population aura plus de 65 ans. Les besoins explosent, les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad) manquent de personnel, les associations sont asphyxiées et des dizaines de millions de postes ne trouvent pas preneur. Augmenter le taux de cette contribution de 0,3 % à 0,6 %, c’est répondre à cette réalité démographique et sociale, mais aussi assurer un financement pérenne pour nos aînés et pour celles et ceux qui les accompagnent. En somme, c’est une mesure de dignité et de justice."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1516",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1516",
    "1517"
   ],
   "order": 1516,
   "text": "L’explosion démographique du grand âge nécessitera davantage de moyens, notamment pour consolider la branche autonomie. Celle-ci est financée presque exclusivement par l’impôt – la CSG –, ce qui est totalement contraire à l’esprit même de la sécurité sociale L’augmentation de la contribution des employeurs proposée dans les amendements permettrait d’amorcer un rééquilibrage du financement de la branche autonomie, en faisant décroître la part prépondérante de CSG – part à laquelle nous avons toujours été opposés. Il est injuste que ce financement repose sur les revenus des gens plutôt que sur la richesse produite par le travail.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 96,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1516",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N5b70b980edb9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’explosion démographique du grand âge nécessitera davantage de moyens, notamment pour consolider la branche autonomie. Celle-ci est financée presque exclusivement par l’impôt – la CSG –, ce qui est totalement contraire à l’esprit même de la sécurité sociale L’augmentation de la contribution des employeurs proposée dans les amendements permettrait d’amorcer un rééquilibrage du financement de la branche autonomie, en faisant décroître la part prépondérante de CSG – part à laquelle nous avons toujours été opposés. Il est injuste que ce financement repose sur les revenus des gens plutôt que sur la richesse produite par le travail."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1518",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1518",
    "1519",
    "1520",
    "1521"
   ],
   "order": 1518,
   "text": "Madame Hamdane, vous avez évoqué le Président de la République, mais il ne pourra pas vous répondre et je ne suis pas son porte-parole Des ressources ont été allouées à la branche autonomie, bien que nous ayons été nombreux à considérer qu’elles n’étaient pas à la hauteur des ambitions. Cette branche est déjà déficitaire, malgré la part de la CSG qui lui est versée. Ces amendements visent à doubler le taux s’appliquant à des revenus d’activité, pour un gain attendu de près de 2,6 milliards d’euros. J’y suis défavorable : il n’est pas pertinent de ponctionner davantage les revenus d’activité, et une telle mesure risquerait de décourager les augmentations de salaire et de diminuer les salaires bruts. Quant à la part de la CSG dans le financement de la branche, son évolution relève d’une véritable réforme structurelle.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 137,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1518",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N53b8dbe10ac5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Hamdane, vous avez évoqué le Président de la République, mais il ne pourra pas vous répondre et je ne suis pas son porte-parole Des ressources ont été allouées à la branche autonomie, bien que nous ayons été nombreux à considérer qu’elles n’étaient pas à la hauteur des ambitions. Cette branche est déjà déficitaire, malgré la part de la CSG qui lui est versée. Ces amendements visent à doubler le taux s’appliquant à des revenus d’activité, pour un gain attendu de près de 2,6 milliards d’euros. J’y suis défavorable : il n’est pas pertinent de ponctionner davantage les revenus d’activité, et une telle mesure risquerait de décourager les augmentations de salaire et de diminuer les salaires bruts. Quant à la part de la CSG dans le financement de la branche, son évolution relève d’une véritable réforme structurelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1530",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1530",
    "1531"
   ],
   "order": 1530,
   "text": "Nous avons besoin d’injecter de l’argent dans la branche autonomie, qui est presque toujours déficitaire depuis sa création : de 400 millions d’euros dans le PLFSS 2022, de 900 millions dans le PLFSS 2022 rectifié, de 500 millions dans le PLFSS 2023, de 1,2 milliard dans le PLFSS 2023 rectifié, etc La branche autonomie remplit-elle son rôle, compte tenu des besoins ? Je pense que non, pour différentes raisons. Qu’il s’agisse du handicap ou du grand âge, des millions de personnes n’ont pas les moyens de vivre dignement ni de s’exprimer individuellement ou collectivement. La mission de la branche n’est donc pas remplie par manque d’argent, parce que nous n’avons pas consenti les moyens nécessaires. Cet amendement résout ce problème.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 120,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1530",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N638570f88188",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons besoin d’injecter de l’argent dans la branche autonomie, qui est presque toujours déficitaire depuis sa création : de 400 millions d’euros dans le PLFSS 2022, de 900 millions dans le PLFSS 2022 rectifié, de 500 millions dans le PLFSS 2023, de 1,2 milliard dans le PLFSS 2023 rectifié, etc La branche autonomie remplit-elle son rôle, compte tenu des besoins ? Je pense que non, pour différentes raisons. Qu’il s’agisse du handicap ou du grand âge, des millions de personnes n’ont pas les moyens de vivre dignement ni de s’exprimer individuellement ou collectivement. La mission de la branche n’est donc pas remplie par manque d’argent, parce que nous n’avons pas consenti les moyens nécessaires. Cet amendement résout ce problème."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1532",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1532",
    "1533",
    "1534",
    "1535"
   ],
   "order": 1532,
   "text": "Les disparités de fonctionnement et de financement des cinq branches sont un enjeu central Pour ce qui est de la branche autonomie, en matière de prise en charge des personnes en situation de handicap ou des personnes âgées, le reste à charge dépend du niveau d’autonomie, des revenus et du lieu de vie. A contrario, pour la branche maladie, le reste à charge est souvent absorbé par les mutuelles quels que soient les revenus, le lieu de vie ou l’état de santé. Les personnes âgées et les personnes en situation de handicap ont des restes à charge considérables, qu’elles soient prises en charge à domicile ou en institution, alors que la santé se veut encore gratuite. Nous devons mener une réforme structurelle des cinq branches, en appliquant aux unes les fonctionnements vertueux des autres.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 134,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1532",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N6bc35072b8e1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les disparités de fonctionnement et de financement des cinq branches sont un enjeu central Pour ce qui est de la branche autonomie, en matière de prise en charge des personnes en situation de handicap ou des personnes âgées, le reste à charge dépend du niveau d’autonomie, des revenus et du lieu de vie. A contrario, pour la branche maladie, le reste à charge est souvent absorbé par les mutuelles quels que soient les revenus, le lieu de vie ou l’état de santé. Les personnes âgées et les personnes en situation de handicap ont des restes à charge considérables, qu’elles soient prises en charge à domicile ou en institution, alors que la santé se veut encore gratuite. Nous devons mener une réforme structurelle des cinq branches, en appliquant aux unes les fonctionnements vertueux des autres."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1536",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1536",
    "1537"
   ],
   "order": 1536,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, la CSA n’est pas une taxe sur les revenus d’activité, mais une taxe sur les richesses produites, puisque ce sont des cotisations patronales Je ne prétends pas que rien n’a été fait, mais ayons conscience du chemin restant à parcourir en matière d’autonomie ; refuser d’octroyer des moyens supplémentaires à la branche autonomie, c’est refuser de voir ce chemin. Nous avons besoin de moyens, nous devons réformer le financement des Ehpad, qui est complètement incohérent, et celui de l’aide à domicile. Dans ces deux secteurs, les postes sont tellement mal payés que le recrutement est difficile.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 100,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1536",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N2b8f34219f0c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur général, la CSA n’est pas une taxe sur les revenus d’activité, mais une taxe sur les richesses produites, puisque ce sont des cotisations patronales Je ne prétends pas que rien n’a été fait, mais ayons conscience du chemin restant à parcourir en matière d’autonomie ; refuser d’octroyer des moyens supplémentaires à la branche autonomie, c’est refuser de voir ce chemin. Nous avons besoin de moyens, nous devons réformer le financement des Ehpad, qui est complètement incohérent, et celui de l’aide à domicile. Dans ces deux secteurs, les postes sont tellement mal payés que le recrutement est difficile."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1538",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1538",
    "1539",
    "1540"
   ],
   "order": 1538,
   "text": "J’étais déjà député lorsque la cinquième branche a été créée. C’était à l’époque une coquille vide, dotée de moins de 1 milliard d’euros ; son budget est désormais de 45 milliards. Cependant, nous allons au-devant d’un mur – au moins pouvons‑nous nous accorder sur ce point Au-delà de vos constats, madame Mélin, nous devons identifier les pistes de financement qui nous permettront de faire face à ce mur. Vous critiquez le financement actuel, mais il correspond à ce dont on dispose ! Nous devons trouver le courage de mener à bien une réforme s’appuyant sur un système assurantiel, comme l’ont fait d’autres pays, et ce de manière transpartisane. En tout état de cause, nous devons être à la hauteur de l’enjeu et cesser de jeter l’anathème sur toutes les propositions.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 130,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1538",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nbdc0db2709d1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’étais déjà député lorsque la cinquième branche a été créée. C’était à l’époque une coquille vide, dotée de moins de 1 milliard d’euros ; son budget est désormais de 45 milliards. Cependant, nous allons au-devant d’un mur – au moins pouvons‑nous nous accorder sur ce point Au-delà de vos constats, madame Mélin, nous devons identifier les pistes de financement qui nous permettront de faire face à ce mur. Vous critiquez le financement actuel, mais il correspond à ce dont on dispose ! Nous devons trouver le courage de mener à bien une réforme s’appuyant sur un système assurantiel, comme l’ont fait d’autres pays, et ce de manière transpartisane. En tout état de cause, nous devons être à la hauteur de l’enjeu et cesser de jeter l’anathème sur toutes les propositions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1541",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1541",
    "1542",
    "1543",
    "1544"
   ],
   "order": 1541,
   "text": "Monsieur Guedj, j’ai fait un peu d’archéologie législative pour savoir pourquoi le taux de 0,3 % avait été retenu plutôt que celui de 0,45 % : selon un rapport publié ici même il y a vingt ans, la part du travail dans la valeur ajoutée n’est que de deux tiers Monsieur Monnet, vous avez raison, il s’agit d’une taxe sur la richesse produite. Je fais partie de ceux qui étaient opposés à la suppression de deux jours fériés. Je note qu’elle a disparu du texte qui nous est soumis. Pour autant, je ne suis pas convaincu que la hausse de la contribution au titre de la journée de solidarité – le lundi de Pentecôte – suscite concorde et cohésion. Le doublement de la CSA équivaut à instaurer un demi-jour férié supplémentaire. Je préfère éviter les irritants pour aboutir à un budget de la sécurité sociale susceptible d’échapper à la censure. En revanche, je vous rejoins, le défi reste entier pour doter la branche autonomie des moyens nécessaires ; mais il appelle des réformes de structure.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS494 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS918 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 175,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1541",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N06e39b7cc21d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Guedj, j’ai fait un peu d’archéologie législative pour savoir pourquoi le taux de 0,3 % avait été retenu plutôt que celui de 0,45 % : selon un rapport publié ici même il y a vingt ans, la part du travail dans la valeur ajoutée n’est que de deux tiers Monsieur Monnet, vous avez raison, il s’agit d’une taxe sur la richesse produite. Je fais partie de ceux qui étaient opposés à la suppression de deux jours fériés. Je note qu’elle a disparu du texte qui nous est soumis. Pour autant, je ne suis pas convaincu que la hausse de la contribution au titre de la journée de solidarité – le lundi de Pentecôte – suscite concorde et cohésion. Le doublement de la CSA équivaut à instaurer un demi-jour férié supplémentaire. Je préfère éviter les irritants pour aboutir à un budget de la sécurité sociale susceptible d’échapper à la censure. En revanche, je vous rejoins, le défi reste entier pour doter la branche autonomie des moyens nécessaires ; mais il appelle des réformes de structure."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1586",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1586",
    "1587",
    "1588"
   ],
   "order": 1586,
   "text": "J’essaie de vous aider à rendre vos amendements applicables, même si sur le fond, je n’y suis pas favorable Les allégements généraux représentaient non pas 211 milliards d’euros mais 75 milliards environ, dont une partie relevait des bandeaux qui seront supprimés au 1er janvier 2026. Ils sont transformés en réduction générale dégressive, sur laquelle vous avez déposé des amendements ayant le même objet. Je vous propose de débattre de ceux-là et, au nom du sérieux du travail parlementaire, de retirer ceux qui concernent un dispositif voué à disparaître. Il faut également être attentif à la jurisprudence constitutionnelle en vertu de laquelle les dispositions en matière de droit du travail n’ont pas leur place dans la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale – c’est pour moi une source de grande frustration. Or certaines conditions que vous posez relèvent du droit du travail.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1566 de Mme Karine Lebon, AS1279 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau et AS69 de Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 142,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1586",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe40567bc67f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’essaie de vous aider à rendre vos amendements applicables, même si sur le fond, je n’y suis pas favorable Les allégements généraux représentaient non pas 211 milliards d’euros mais 75 milliards environ, dont une partie relevait des bandeaux qui seront supprimés au 1er janvier 2026. Ils sont transformés en réduction générale dégressive, sur laquelle vous avez déposé des amendements ayant le même objet. Je vous propose de débattre de ceux-là et, au nom du sérieux du travail parlementaire, de retirer ceux qui concernent un dispositif voué à disparaître. Il faut également être attentif à la jurisprudence constitutionnelle en vertu de laquelle les dispositions en matière de droit du travail n’ont pas leur place dans la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale – c’est pour moi une source de grande frustration. Or certaines conditions que vous posez relèvent du droit du travail."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1592",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1592"
   ],
   "order": 1592,
   "text": "Il est proposé d’élargir aux Ehpad et unités de soins de longue durée (USLD) du secteur public la réduction pérenne de cotisations sociales dont bénéficient les seuls Ehpad du secteur privé, lucratifs et non lucratifs. À l’heure où les établissements sont structurellement déficitaires, il me semble difficile de maintenir une telle inégalité entre les deux secteurs – l’écart est de à 400 millions d’euros –, d’autant que ce sont les établissements publics qui accueillent les personnes aux revenus modestes",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1069 de M. Yannick Monnet et AS1309 de Mme Annie Vidal",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 79,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1592",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Naa41dd111311",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il est proposé d’élargir aux Ehpad et unités de soins de longue durée (USLD) du secteur public la réduction pérenne de cotisations sociales dont bénéficient les seuls Ehpad du secteur privé, lucratifs et non lucratifs. À l’heure où les établissements sont structurellement déficitaires, il me semble difficile de maintenir une telle inégalité entre les deux secteurs – l’écart est de à 400 millions d’euros –, d’autant que ce sont les établissements publics qui accueillent les personnes aux revenus modestes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1593",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1593"
   ],
   "order": 1593,
   "text": "Je ne peux que soutenir les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux et les USLD publics. Mais, je le répète, le bandeau maladie étant supprimé le 1er janvier prochain, vos amendements sont sans objet. Je vous invite à les retirer",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1069 de M. Yannick Monnet et AS1309 de Mme Annie Vidal",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1593",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N905de8049c48",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne peux que soutenir les établissements sociaux et médico-sociaux et les USLD publics. Mais, je le répète, le bandeau maladie étant supprimé le 1er janvier prochain, vos amendements sont sans objet. Je vous invite à les retirer"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1594",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1594",
    "1595"
   ],
   "order": 1594,
   "text": "Nous voterons contre ces amendements pour deux raisons D’abord, la réponse à l’asymétrie entre public et privé réside plutôt dans l’harmonisation des régimes de cotisation des établissements. Ensuite, la réduction des cotisations sociales revient à subventionner les établissements publics aux frais de la sécurité sociale encore une fois. Il serait plus pertinent d’accorder à ces derniers des dotations pour assurer un financement équilibré des deux secteurs.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1069 de M. Yannick Monnet et AS1309 de Mme Annie Vidal",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1594",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N0032a74a9601",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous voterons contre ces amendements pour deux raisons D’abord, la réponse à l’asymétrie entre public et privé réside plutôt dans l’harmonisation des régimes de cotisation des établissements. Ensuite, la réduction des cotisations sociales revient à subventionner les établissements publics aux frais de la sécurité sociale encore une fois. Il serait plus pertinent d’accorder à ces derniers des dotations pour assurer un financement équilibré des deux secteurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1596",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1596",
    "1597",
    "1598"
   ],
   "order": 1596,
   "text": "C’est une mauvaise réponse à une vraie question dont notre commission devrait s’emparer : la différence entre les Ehpad publics et privés sur le plan fiscal et social. La Fédération hospitalière de France, qui est l’inspiratrice de ces amendements, estime entre 25 % et 30 % le coût supplémentaire du recrutement d’une aide-soignante ou d’une infirmière dans le secteur public L’extension de la réduction de cotisations n’est pas la solution puisque cette différence tient moins aux cotisations qu’à la taxe sur les salaires. Je vous rappelle que, parallèlement au crédit d’impôt pour la compétitivité et l’emploi, avait été créé un crédit d’impôt sur la taxe sur les salaires qui n’a malheureusement pas été pérennisé. Les amendements sont retirés.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS1069 de M. Yannick Monnet et AS1309 de Mme Annie Vidal",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 118,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1596",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N65cc658f3c08",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une mauvaise réponse à une vraie question dont notre commission devrait s’emparer : la différence entre les Ehpad publics et privés sur le plan fiscal et social. La Fédération hospitalière de France, qui est l’inspiratrice de ces amendements, estime entre 25 % et 30 % le coût supplémentaire du recrutement d’une aide-soignante ou d’une infirmière dans le secteur public L’extension de la réduction de cotisations n’est pas la solution puisque cette différence tient moins aux cotisations qu’à la taxe sur les salaires. Je vous rappelle que, parallèlement au crédit d’impôt pour la compétitivité et l’emploi, avait été créé un crédit d’impôt sur la taxe sur les salaires qui n’a malheureusement pas été pérennisé. Les amendements sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Garot (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2696",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2696"
   ],
   "order": 2696,
   "text": "Mon amendement vise à acter définitivement la suspension de l’arrêté du 4 août, en revenant à la législation en vigueur avant 2014. Les nouveaux plafonds, décidés par voie réglementaire, risquent d’entraîner une perte de ressources de plus de 500 millions d’euros pour le réseau officinal, sensibles en particulier pour les officines des déserts médicaux, qui sont déjà fragiles faute de prescripteurs. C’est tout l’inverse qu’il faut faire",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1461 de Mme Corinne Vignon et AS1745 de M. Thibault Bazin ; amendements identiques AS52 de Mme Françoise Buffet et AS1471 de Mme Josiane Corneloup ; amendements AS1149 de M. Laurent Wauquiez, AS138 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet, AS1679 de Mme Josiane Corneloup et AS327 de M. Hadrien Clouet ; amendements identiques AS102 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS1375 de M. Guillaume Garot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2696",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nee1eff38c91e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement vise à acter définitivement la suspension de l’arrêté du 4 août, en revenant à la législation en vigueur avant 2014. Les nouveaux plafonds, décidés par voie réglementaire, risquent d’entraîner une perte de ressources de plus de 500 millions d’euros pour le réseau officinal, sensibles en particulier pour les officines des déserts médicaux, qui sont déjà fragiles faute de prescripteurs. C’est tout l’inverse qu’il faut faire"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2697",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2697",
    "2698",
    "2699",
    "2700",
    "2701",
    "2702"
   ],
   "order": 2697,
   "text": "L’arrêté du 6 octobre 2025, qui suspend celui du 4 août pour au moins trois mois, était un premier pas. Il faut maintenant régler la question Aucun de ces amendements ne permettra pas de régler la question du modèle économique des officines ni n’empêchera la disparition malheureuse de certaines d’entre elles. Il faut un travail plus global. En attendant, sur le sujet qui nous occupe, autant être ambitieux et adopter les amendements les plus déterminants. Certains amendements proposent de conserver la fixation du plafond des remises par voie réglementaire, mais en changeant les limites pour les spécialités matures, pour les génériques ou pour les deux. En gros, la compétence reste réglementaire mais est mieux encadrée pour protéger les officines. D’autres redonnent la compétence au législateur. Je privilégie cette approche, qui est celle de l’amendement que j’avais déposé. Madame Vignon, votre amendement propose de fixer le taux à 50 %. Il me semble suffisant et raisonnable budgétairement de rester à 40 %. Je vous suggère donc de le retirer. En revanche, les amendements identiques suivants, qui ont été déposés par plusieurs groupes, cumulent le retour de la compétence au législateur, un taux de 40 % pour les génériques et une demande de rapport intéressante. Je retire bien volontiers le mien, qui avait des différences rédactionnelles minimes, en espérant qu’ils deviennent un amendement de la commission. Je suis donc favorable à l’adoption des amendements identiques AS52 et AS1471 et défavorable aux autres.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1461 de Mme Corinne Vignon et AS1745 de M. Thibault Bazin ; amendements identiques AS52 de Mme Françoise Buffet et AS1471 de Mme Josiane Corneloup ; amendements AS1149 de M. Laurent Wauquiez, AS138 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet, AS1679 de Mme Josiane Corneloup et AS327 de M. Hadrien Clouet ; amendements identiques AS102 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS1375 de M. Guillaume Garot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 240,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2697",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N689ba5da5ca7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’arrêté du 6 octobre 2025, qui suspend celui du 4 août pour au moins trois mois, était un premier pas. Il faut maintenant régler la question Aucun de ces amendements ne permettra pas de régler la question du modèle économique des officines ni n’empêchera la disparition malheureuse de certaines d’entre elles. Il faut un travail plus global. En attendant, sur le sujet qui nous occupe, autant être ambitieux et adopter les amendements les plus déterminants. Certains amendements proposent de conserver la fixation du plafond des remises par voie réglementaire, mais en changeant les limites pour les spécialités matures, pour les génériques ou pour les deux. En gros, la compétence reste réglementaire mais est mieux encadrée pour protéger les officines. D’autres redonnent la compétence au législateur. Je privilégie cette approche, qui est celle de l’amendement que j’avais déposé. Madame Vignon, votre amendement propose de fixer le taux à 50 %. Il me semble suffisant et raisonnable budgétairement de rester à 40 %. Je vous suggère donc de le retirer. En revanche, les amendements identiques suivants, qui ont été déposés par plusieurs groupes, cumulent le retour de la compétence au législateur, un taux de 40 % pour les génériques et une demande de rapport intéressante. Je retire bien volontiers le mien, qui avait des différences rédactionnelles minimes, en espérant qu’ils deviennent un amendement de la commission. Je suis donc favorable à l’adoption des amendements identiques AS52 et AS1471 et défavorable aux autres."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2703",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2703"
   ],
   "order": 2703,
   "text": "Je m’en remets à l’analyse du rapporteur général. Le législateur doit avoir la main. Nous devons protéger le maillage rural des pharmacies sur lequel nous nous sommes tant appuyés ces dernières années – n’oublions pas leur rôle dans les campagnes de vaccination contre le covid et la grippe, ni les cabines de télémédecine. Mais, pour la séance, il serait intéressant d’introduire des éléments sur la financiarisation, qui joue un rôle dans l’extinction des petites pharmacies",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1461 de Mme Corinne Vignon et AS1745 de M. Thibault Bazin ; amendements identiques AS52 de Mme Françoise Buffet et AS1471 de Mme Josiane Corneloup ; amendements AS1149 de M. Laurent Wauquiez, AS138 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet, AS1679 de Mme Josiane Corneloup et AS327 de M. Hadrien Clouet ; amendements identiques AS102 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS1375 de M. Guillaume Garot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2703",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nc39512325c72",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’en remets à l’analyse du rapporteur général. Le législateur doit avoir la main. Nous devons protéger le maillage rural des pharmacies sur lequel nous nous sommes tant appuyés ces dernières années – n’oublions pas leur rôle dans les campagnes de vaccination contre le covid et la grippe, ni les cabines de télémédecine. Mais, pour la séance, il serait intéressant d’introduire des éléments sur la financiarisation, qui joue un rôle dans l’extinction des petites pharmacies"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2704",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2704",
    "2705"
   ],
   "order": 2704,
   "text": "À la différence du numerus clausus, le numerus d’installation devait assurer aux pharmaciens un territoire et une clientèle solvable. Faute de médecins dans les déserts médicaux, les pharmacies ont fermé petit à petit – bientôt, une pharmacie fermera chaque jour en France La baisse des remises proposée par le Gouvernement était plus que malvenue. Je suis donc ravie de l’unanimité des commissaires, avec l’appui du rapporteur général, pour la remettre en cause. Il est important de manifester notre soutien à une profession qui rencontre près de 3 millions de personnes par jour et de sortir de la logique comptable, à laquelle se conjuguent les exigences financières des laboratoires pharmaceutiques.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1461 de Mme Corinne Vignon et AS1745 de M. Thibault Bazin ; amendements identiques AS52 de Mme Françoise Buffet et AS1471 de Mme Josiane Corneloup ; amendements AS1149 de M. Laurent Wauquiez, AS138 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet, AS1679 de Mme Josiane Corneloup et AS327 de M. Hadrien Clouet ; amendements identiques AS102 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS1375 de M. Guillaume Garot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 109,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2704",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nf6d1c60ea916",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "À la différence du numerus clausus, le numerus d’installation devait assurer aux pharmaciens un territoire et une clientèle solvable. Faute de médecins dans les déserts médicaux, les pharmacies ont fermé petit à petit – bientôt, une pharmacie fermera chaque jour en France La baisse des remises proposée par le Gouvernement était plus que malvenue. Je suis donc ravie de l’unanimité des commissaires, avec l’appui du rapporteur général, pour la remettre en cause. Il est important de manifester notre soutien à une profession qui rencontre près de 3 millions de personnes par jour et de sortir de la logique comptable, à laquelle se conjuguent les exigences financières des laboratoires pharmaceutiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2706",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2706",
    "2707"
   ],
   "order": 2706,
   "text": "À défaut d’étude d’impact, j’espère que nous disposerons d’éléments plus précis pour apprécier les conséquences de ce que nous votons. C’est la raison pour laquelle je soutiens l’amendement de Mme Buffet, qui prévoit la remise d’un rapport Nous avions insisté auprès de la ministre Mme Vautrin sur la nécessité de protéger les petites officines en milieu rural, auxquelles de nouvelles tâches ont été confiées pour pallier la raréfaction des médecins. Mais il semble que les négociations n’aient pas abouti.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1461 de Mme Corinne Vignon et AS1745 de M. Thibault Bazin ; amendements identiques AS52 de Mme Françoise Buffet et AS1471 de Mme Josiane Corneloup ; amendements AS1149 de M. Laurent Wauquiez, AS138 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet, AS1679 de Mme Josiane Corneloup et AS327 de M. Hadrien Clouet ; amendements identiques AS102 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS1375 de M. Guillaume Garot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 79,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2706",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N7201d6b653a6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "À défaut d’étude d’impact, j’espère que nous disposerons d’éléments plus précis pour apprécier les conséquences de ce que nous votons. C’est la raison pour laquelle je soutiens l’amendement de Mme Buffet, qui prévoit la remise d’un rapport Nous avions insisté auprès de la ministre Mme Vautrin sur la nécessité de protéger les petites officines en milieu rural, auxquelles de nouvelles tâches ont été confiées pour pallier la raréfaction des médecins. Mais il semble que les négociations n’aient pas abouti."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3458",
    "3459",
    "3460"
   ],
   "order": 3458,
   "text": "Je suis également défavorable à cette solution de facilité. Je mène un combat depuis de nombreuses années contre la désertification médicale. Une telle mesure constituera une double peine pour ceux qui vivent dans ces zones Comment assurer une bonne articulation entre le remboursement de la mutuelle et celui de l’assurance maladie ? Si vous vous penchiez sur la répartition pour chaque pathologie, vous découvririez des situations absolument invraisemblables. Le risque est pris en charge par l’assurance maladie et tout ce qui n’est pas risqué échoit aux mutuelles. On cherche de l’argent pour la prévention : 4 milliards d’euros sont éparpillés entre une centaine d’actions sans convergence ni stratégie de long terme. Retenons le mécanisme des franchises cautionnées si nous voulons vraiment taxer ceux dont les revenus sont les plus élevés, mais ne prélevons pas 100 euros sur le dos de ceux qui paient déjà 50 euros et qui, pour la plupart, sont handicapés ou souffrent d’une affection de longue durée. Étudions plutôt les moyens vertueux de sortir d’une ALD.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS103 de Mme Sandrine Runel, AS332 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS203 de Mme Josiane Corneloup, AS728 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS983 de Mme Karine Lebon, AS1581 de M. René Lioret et AS1604 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 169,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3458",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N034c87f6fdb6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis également défavorable à cette solution de facilité. Je mène un combat depuis de nombreuses années contre la désertification médicale. Une telle mesure constituera une double peine pour ceux qui vivent dans ces zones Comment assurer une bonne articulation entre le remboursement de la mutuelle et celui de l’assurance maladie ? Si vous vous penchiez sur la répartition pour chaque pathologie, vous découvririez des situations absolument invraisemblables. Le risque est pris en charge par l’assurance maladie et tout ce qui n’est pas risqué échoit aux mutuelles. On cherche de l’argent pour la prévention : 4 milliards d’euros sont éparpillés entre une centaine d’actions sans convergence ni stratégie de long terme. Retenons le mécanisme des franchises cautionnées si nous voulons vraiment taxer ceux dont les revenus sont les plus élevés, mais ne prélevons pas 100 euros sur le dos de ceux qui paient déjà 50 euros et qui, pour la plupart, sont handicapés ou souffrent d’une affection de longue durée. Étudions plutôt les moyens vertueux de sortir d’une ALD."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3461",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3461",
    "3462"
   ],
   "order": 3461,
   "text": "Je souhaite que mes propos ne soient pas perçus de façon émotionnelle, mais on ne peut pas dire n’importe quoi sur l’accès financier aux soins. Notre pays offre la meilleure prise en charge de la maladie. La comparaison avec le reste à charge dans le secteur médico-social est édifiante, puisqu’une personne âgée placée en établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad) peut devoir payer jusqu’à 2 500 euros Nos concitoyens peuvent en revanche ne pas comprendre qu’on leur demande un effort supplémentaire alors qu’aucune franchise ni reste à charge ne sont exigés de certains qui ont pourtant accès à notre système de santé. Nous devons avoir le courage d’interroger ce système en silos, qui repose sur cinq branches de sécurité sociale et dans lequel la perte d’autonomie est sous-financée. Nous devons avoir le courage politique d’imposer un reste à charge sur la branche maladie parce que celui sur la dépendance est très élevé. Enfin, il faut faire des économies sur la suradministration plutôt que sur l’accès aux soins.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS103 de Mme Sandrine Runel, AS332 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS203 de Mme Josiane Corneloup, AS728 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS983 de Mme Karine Lebon, AS1581 de M. René Lioret et AS1604 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 168,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3461",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N955fcff08237",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite que mes propos ne soient pas perçus de façon émotionnelle, mais on ne peut pas dire n’importe quoi sur l’accès financier aux soins. Notre pays offre la meilleure prise en charge de la maladie. La comparaison avec le reste à charge dans le secteur médico-social est édifiante, puisqu’une personne âgée placée en établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad) peut devoir payer jusqu’à 2 500 euros Nos concitoyens peuvent en revanche ne pas comprendre qu’on leur demande un effort supplémentaire alors qu’aucune franchise ni reste à charge ne sont exigés de certains qui ont pourtant accès à notre système de santé. Nous devons avoir le courage d’interroger ce système en silos, qui repose sur cinq branches de sécurité sociale et dans lequel la perte d’autonomie est sous-financée. Nous devons avoir le courage politique d’imposer un reste à charge sur la branche maladie parce que celui sur la dépendance est très élevé. Enfin, il faut faire des économies sur la suradministration plutôt que sur l’accès aux soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719736",
   "speaker": "Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "quality": "Mme Camille Galliard-Minier (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3465",
    "3466",
    "3467",
    "3468"
   ],
   "order": 3465,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’un sujet sensible. Nous n’avons pas à nous prononcer sur le doublement des franchises : cette mesure ne figure pas dans le PLFSS mais dans un texte réglementaire qu’a pris le Gouvernement La situation de la sécurité sociale est difficile : si un effort est demandé, il doit être limité et partagé. Le reste à charge est, en France, le plus bas des pays de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques. Nous devons également porter une grande attention au phénomène de non-recours aux soins. Enfin, un quart de la population française n’est pas soumis aux franchises : les personnes les plus modestes, qui perçoivent la complémentaire santé solidaire (C2S), les mineurs, les femmes enceintes ; de même, les frais liés à la contraception échappent aux franchises. Le rappel de ces exceptions montre que les personnes les plus modestes ne sont pas, contrairement à ce que l’on peut entendre, concernées par les franchises. Les prescripteurs ont également une responsabilité dans la consommation des médicaments. Nous sommes opposés au règlement « au comptoir » que prévoit l’article 18.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS103 de Mme Sandrine Runel, AS332 de M. Hadrien Clouet, AS203 de Mme Josiane Corneloup, AS728 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS983 de Mme Karine Lebon, AS1581 de M. René Lioret et AS1604 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 179,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3465",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N5e5a199a8ba7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’un sujet sensible. Nous n’avons pas à nous prononcer sur le doublement des franchises : cette mesure ne figure pas dans le PLFSS mais dans un texte réglementaire qu’a pris le Gouvernement La situation de la sécurité sociale est difficile : si un effort est demandé, il doit être limité et partagé. Le reste à charge est, en France, le plus bas des pays de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques. Nous devons également porter une grande attention au phénomène de non-recours aux soins. Enfin, un quart de la population française n’est pas soumis aux franchises : les personnes les plus modestes, qui perçoivent la complémentaire santé solidaire (C2S), les mineurs, les femmes enceintes ; de même, les frais liés à la contraception échappent aux franchises. Le rappel de ces exceptions montre que les personnes les plus modestes ne sont pas, contrairement à ce que l’on peut entendre, concernées par les franchises. Les prescripteurs ont également une responsabilité dans la consommation des médicaments. Nous sommes opposés au règlement « au comptoir » que prévoit l’article 18."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3582",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3582",
    "3583"
   ],
   "order": 3582,
   "text": "Les professionnels paramédicaux n’ont pas de secteur 3 : ils pratiquent peu le déconventionnement et les actes hors nomenclature. Je comprends l’avis du rapporteur général parce qu’il faut une vraie prise en charge de la prévention Nous finançons mieux les bilans que la prise en charge. Je m’inquiète que nous ne parvenions pas à financer les soins qui devraient suivre lesdits bilans.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS941 de Mme Sandrine Runel, AS93 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet et AS1713 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3582",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb9c04b18f397",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les professionnels paramédicaux n’ont pas de secteur 3 : ils pratiquent peu le déconventionnement et les actes hors nomenclature. Je comprends l’avis du rapporteur général parce qu’il faut une vraie prise en charge de la prévention Nous finançons mieux les bilans que la prise en charge. Je m’inquiète que nous ne parvenions pas à financer les soins qui devraient suivre lesdits bilans."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3584",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3584",
    "3585"
   ],
   "order": 3584,
   "text": "D’un autre côté, il faut faire attention. Si nous voulons inciter les professionnels concernés à jouer le jeu de la prévention, il faut coter les actes concernés en conséquence Nous avons un autre défi à relever. La Mission d’évaluation et de contrôle des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale (Mecss) doit veiller à la répartition des charges respectives de l’assurance maladie et des complémentaires santé. Il va falloir obtenir que ces dernières prennent mieux en charge les actes de prévention.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS941 de Mme Sandrine Runel, AS93 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet et AS1713 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3584",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N3a5b1413a81e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "D’un autre côté, il faut faire attention. Si nous voulons inciter les professionnels concernés à jouer le jeu de la prévention, il faut coter les actes concernés en conséquence Nous avons un autre défi à relever. La Mission d’évaluation et de contrôle des lois de financement de la sécurité sociale (Mecss) doit veiller à la répartition des charges respectives de l’assurance maladie et des complémentaires santé. Il va falloir obtenir que ces dernières prennent mieux en charge les actes de prévention."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3586",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3586",
    "3587"
   ],
   "order": 3586,
   "text": "La HAS est indépendante. Commencer à contester ses décisions serait mettre le doigt dans un engrenage. Je dis ça en sachant, par exemple, qu’obtenir un avis sur les tranches d’âge pour la vaccination contre le covid n’est pas allé sans mal La HAS consulte les associations d’usagers. Faisons-lui confiance.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS941 de Mme Sandrine Runel, AS93 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet et AS1713 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3586",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N22cd215571eb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La HAS est indépendante. Commencer à contester ses décisions serait mettre le doigt dans un engrenage. Je dis ça en sachant, par exemple, qu’obtenir un avis sur les tranches d’âge pour la vaccination contre le covid n’est pas allé sans mal La HAS consulte les associations d’usagers. Faisons-lui confiance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3588",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3588",
    "3589"
   ],
   "order": 3588,
   "text": "J’ai présenté avec Yannick Monnet un rapport sur les dépassements d’honoraires ; nous proposons notamment de les interdire pour les actes de prévention. Si une politique publique amène aux professions de santé une patientèle spécifique, il est logique de leur demander en contrepartie de ne pas pratiquer de dépassements. Mais ce n’est pas si simple : il faut suivre tout un processus, incluant les négociations conventionnelles, pour définir les actes qui permettraient ou non les dépassements Je ne voterai donc pas ces amendements mais je vous proposerai sans doute une autre rédaction ultérieurement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS941 de Mme Sandrine Runel, AS93 de Mme Sylvie Bonnet et AS1713 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3588",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N178e9ea9377e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai présenté avec [PERSONNE] un rapport sur les dépassements d’honoraires ; nous proposons notamment de les interdire pour les actes de prévention. Si une politique publique amène aux professions de santé une patientèle spécifique, il est logique de leur demander en contrepartie de ne pas pratiquer de dépassements. Mais ce n’est pas si simple : il faut suivre tout un processus, incluant les négociations conventionnelles, pour définir les actes qui permettraient ou non les dépassements Je ne voterai donc pas ces amendements mais je vous proposerai sans doute une autre rédaction ultérieurement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3611",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3611",
    "3612"
   ],
   "order": 3611,
   "text": "Comment sont déterminées les pathologies ouvrant droit à l’ALD ? La HAS met-elle à jour régulièrement la liste ? Même si je fais pleinement confiance aux médecins pour faire la part des choses, il arrive que des pathologies qui ne sont pas forcément des affections de longue durée hors liste, dites ADL 31, soient prises en charge Pour les patients qui ont besoin d’une prise en charge lourde et complète, ce dispositif est indispensable. Je ne le remets pas en cause, je m’interroge sur la définition scientifique de la liste encadrant la prise en charge des ALD.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS763 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3611",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N33df071c3b82",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comment sont déterminées les pathologies ouvrant droit à l’ALD ? La HAS met-elle à jour régulièrement la liste ? Même si je fais pleinement confiance aux médecins pour faire la part des choses, il arrive que des pathologies qui ne sont pas forcément des affections de longue durée hors liste, dites ADL 31, soient prises en charge Pour les patients qui ont besoin d’une prise en charge lourde et complète, ce dispositif est indispensable. Je ne le remets pas en cause, je m’interroge sur la définition scientifique de la liste encadrant la prise en charge des ALD."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3613",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3613"
   ],
   "order": 3613,
   "text": "Le ministre de la santé établit la liste, sur recommandation de la HAS, qui est la mieux placée pour déterminer la durée des soins, et qui définit de même les critères permettant d’inclure des ALD hors liste dans le dispositif",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS763 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3613",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N0b59c9682329",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le ministre de la santé établit la liste, sur recommandation de la HAS, qui est la mieux placée pour déterminer la durée des soins, et qui définit de même les critères permettant d’inclure des ALD hors liste dans le dispositif"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3616",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3616",
    "3617"
   ],
   "order": 3616,
   "text": "Nous sommes réservés – pour dire le moins – quant à l’opportunité de confier le pilotage de la vaccination aux ARS, dont nous voulons restreindre les prérogatives. Pendant la crise du covid, elles ont montré qu’elles étaient déconnectées et inefficaces, au contraire du couple préfet-collectivités L’article 20, si l’on en croit l’exposé des motifs, a pour ambition de simplifier l’organisation des centres de vaccination grâce à l’intervention des agences régionales de santé. Mais pour nous, les termes « simplifier » et « ARS » sont antinomiques.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1357 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3616",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N04e2d868e181",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes réservés – pour dire le moins – quant à l’opportunité de confier le pilotage de la vaccination aux ARS, dont nous voulons restreindre les prérogatives. Pendant la crise du covid, elles ont montré qu’elles étaient déconnectées et inefficaces, au contraire du couple préfet-collectivités L’article 20, si l’on en croit l’exposé des motifs, a pour ambition de simplifier l’organisation des centres de vaccination grâce à l’intervention des agences régionales de santé. Mais pour nous, les termes « simplifier » et « ARS » sont antinomiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3618",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3618",
    "3619",
    "3620"
   ],
   "order": 3618,
   "text": "Il faut unifier le pilotage de la vaccination dans les territoires. Vous voulez le confier aux collectivités. Certaines gèrent en effet des centres, par délégation de l’État, mais les périmètres ne sont pas toujours harmonisés. Je suis favorable au rapprochement avec les échelons territoriaux mais il faut que l’État conserve son rôle : la solidarité nationale et la souveraineté sanitaire sont de son ressort. Or, dans les territoires, ce sont les ARS qui conduisent son action Il faut certes en renforcer le contrôle parlementaire des ARS, mais ce n’est pas l’objet de l’amendement. Vous voulez supprimer une partie du dispositif sans pour autant proposer de solution de pilotage. Il évoluera peut-être en séance parce que les collectivités n’interviennent pas de la même manière dans tous les territoires. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1357 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 129,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3618",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N5f07f709df31",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut unifier le pilotage de la vaccination dans les territoires. Vous voulez le confier aux collectivités. Certaines gèrent en effet des centres, par délégation de l’État, mais les périmètres ne sont pas toujours harmonisés. Je suis favorable au rapprochement avec les échelons territoriaux mais il faut que l’État conserve son rôle : la solidarité nationale et la souveraineté sanitaire sont de son ressort. Or, dans les territoires, ce sont les ARS qui conduisent son action Il faut certes en renforcer le contrôle parlementaire des ARS, mais ce n’est pas l’objet de l’amendement. Vous voulez supprimer une partie du dispositif sans pour autant proposer de solution de pilotage. Il évoluera peut-être en séance parce que les collectivités n’interviennent pas de la même manière dans tous les territoires. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3621",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3621",
    "3622"
   ],
   "order": 3621,
   "text": "Je prends note de votre scepticisme quant à la gestion des ARS en tant que telles En qualité de rapporteur pour avis de la mission Santé, j’ai mené des auditions sur l’évolution du rôle des collectivités territoriales dans ce domaine. J’aurai donc l’occasion d’y revenir. En attendant, il va de soi que l’État doit rester le premier responsable du pilotage de la vaccination, mais l’État déconcentré, c’est-à-dire le préfet.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1357 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 69,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3621",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Na5b7d5573d83",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je prends note de votre scepticisme quant à la gestion des ARS en tant que telles En qualité de rapporteur pour avis de la mission Santé, j’ai mené des auditions sur l’évolution du rôle des collectivités territoriales dans ce domaine. J’aurai donc l’occasion d’y revenir. En attendant, il va de soi que l’État doit rester le premier responsable du pilotage de la vaccination, mais l’État déconcentré, c’est-à-dire le préfet."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720154",
   "speaker": "Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "quality": "Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3623",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3623",
    "3624"
   ],
   "order": 3623,
   "text": "Il faut coordonner la gouvernance. Lors de l’épidémie de covid, il a fallu s’organiser en urgence ; certains départements et régions ont très bien travaillé avec l’ARS ; à l’inverse, certaines communes ont déployé des dispositifs inadaptés, ce qui ne les a pas empêchées de demander la rentabilisation de leurs installations. Il faut une territorialisation adaptée pour prévenir les inégalités S’agissant des vaccins, le contexte est au scepticisme. Il faut augmenter la vaccination, notamment celle des personnes âgées fragiles et du personnel soignant contre la grippe, qui provoque de nombreuses hospitalisations et quelque 10 000 décès par an – ce qui coûte beaucoup plus cher que le vaccin. J’ajoute que l’absentéisme du personnel médical pendant les épisodes grippaux est très pénalisant.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1357 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3623",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ncece99bfc595",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut coordonner la gouvernance. Lors de l’épidémie de covid, il a fallu s’organiser en urgence ; certains départements et régions ont très bien travaillé avec l’ARS ; à l’inverse, certaines communes ont déployé des dispositifs inadaptés, ce qui ne les a pas empêchées de demander la rentabilisation de leurs installations. Il faut une territorialisation adaptée pour prévenir les inégalités S’agissant des vaccins, le contexte est au scepticisme. Il faut augmenter la vaccination, notamment celle des personnes âgées fragiles et du personnel soignant contre la grippe, qui provoque de nombreuses hospitalisations et quelque 10 000 décès par an – ce qui coûte beaucoup plus cher que le vaccin. J’ajoute que l’absentéisme du personnel médical pendant les épisodes grippaux est très pénalisant."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795920",
   "speaker": "Prisca Thevenot",
   "quality": "Mme Prisca Thevenot (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3627",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3627",
    "3628"
   ],
   "order": 3627,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à garantir l’application rapide des recommandations de la HAS, afin de rendre notre politique vaccinale plus réactive Le calendrier vaccinal est mis à jour en avril ; seules des exceptions discrétionnaires justifient une modification en cours d’année. Cela entraîne un décalage entre les recommandations de la HAS et leur inscription effective dans le calendrier. Il faut réduire ce délai administratif pour accélérer la protection de la population. Le virage préventif, dont l’ancienne majorité a dessiné la trajectoire il y a plusieurs années, profite directement aux finances de sécurité sociale. Il faut le poursuivre.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1129 de Mme Prisca Thevenot",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3627",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb6cb1462cd7b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à garantir l’application rapide des recommandations de la HAS, afin de rendre notre politique vaccinale plus réactive Le calendrier vaccinal est mis à jour en avril ; seules des exceptions discrétionnaires justifient une modification en cours d’année. Cela entraîne un décalage entre les recommandations de la HAS et leur inscription effective dans le calendrier. Il faut réduire ce délai administratif pour accélérer la protection de la population. Le virage préventif, dont l’ancienne majorité a dessiné la trajectoire il y a plusieurs années, profite directement aux finances de sécurité sociale. Il faut le poursuivre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3629",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3629",
    "3630",
    "3631",
    "3632"
   ],
   "order": 3629,
   "text": "Je comprends votre intention, mais la rédaction que vous proposez ne réglerait pas le problème. En effet, elle est très proche de dispositions du code de la santé publique déjà en vigueur et n’impose pas de délai au ministre chargé de la santé pour prendre un arrêté après avis de la HAS Si vous souhaitez que le calendrier vaccinal soit mis à jour plusieurs fois par an, au lieu d’une fois par an, comme c’est le cas actuellement, vous devriez donc retravailler votre amendement, en vue de la séance publique. Pour ma part, je m’en remettrai à la sagesse de la représentation nationale. L’amendement AS1129 est retiré.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1129 de Mme Prisca Thevenot",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 107,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3629",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N9de3a1ff977d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends votre intention, mais la rédaction que vous proposez ne réglerait pas le problème. En effet, elle est très proche de dispositions du code de la santé publique déjà en vigueur et n’impose pas de délai au ministre chargé de la santé pour prendre un arrêté après avis de la HAS Si vous souhaitez que le calendrier vaccinal soit mis à jour plusieurs fois par an, au lieu d’une fois par an, comme c’est le cas actuellement, vous devriez donc retravailler votre amendement, en vue de la séance publique. Pour ma part, je m’en remettrai à la sagesse de la représentation nationale. L’amendement AS1129 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840143",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Florquin",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Florquin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3634",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3634",
    "3635",
    "3636"
   ],
   "order": 3634,
   "text": "Cet amendement tend à introduire une exception médicale explicite à l’obligation vaccinale contre la grippe pour les professionnels de santé exerçant à titre libéral Il faut reconnaître, conformément au principe de proportionnalité, que certains professionnels peuvent présenter une contre-indication médicale qui rend la vaccination impossible ou risquée. Cette précision ne remettrait pas en cause le principe général de l’obligation vaccinale, qui demeure justifiée pour la protection des patients et des soignants.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS681 de M. Guillaume Florquin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3634",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N6fff1f118326",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement tend à introduire une exception médicale explicite à l’obligation vaccinale contre la grippe pour les professionnels de santé exerçant à titre libéral Il faut reconnaître, conformément au principe de proportionnalité, que certains professionnels peuvent présenter une contre-indication médicale qui rend la vaccination impossible ou risquée. Cette précision ne remettrait pas en cause le principe général de l’obligation vaccinale, qui demeure justifiée pour la protection des patients et des soignants."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3638",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3638",
    "3639",
    "3640"
   ],
   "order": 3638,
   "text": "Je me félicite du chemin parcouru pour aboutir à l’obligation vaccinale des soignants contre la grippe. Après qu’elle a été inscrite dans la loi en 2006, elle n’a jamais été déclinée par un décret que Xavier Bertrand n’a pas pu ou su prendre. En 2016, Marisol Touraine avait permis d’introduire la notion de « vaccination altruiste » dans la loi, pour lever les objections à cette obligation, mais elle n’avait pas eu le temps de prendre le décret d’application Aujourd’hui, la HAS recommande la banalisation de l’obligation vaccinale pour les soignants, les professionnels des secteurs sanitaire et médico-social. Toutefois, le taux de vaccination contre la grippe des professionnels des Ehpad reste désespérément bas, à 30 %. Quant à l’opportunité du présent amendement, le PLFSS mentionne déjà les recommandations de la HAS, qui, évidemment, exemptent de l’obligation vaccinale les personnes présentant des contre-indications. C’est suffisant. Si nous reprenions dans la loi tout le contenu des recommandations et des avis de la HAS, nous la rendrions très bavarde.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS681 de M. Guillaume Florquin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 166,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3638",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N4ac581cbe997",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je me félicite du chemin parcouru pour aboutir à l’obligation vaccinale des soignants contre la grippe. Après qu’elle a été inscrite dans la loi en 2006, elle n’a jamais été déclinée par un décret que [PERSONNE] n’a pas pu ou su prendre. En 2016, [PERSONNE] avait permis d’introduire la notion de « vaccination altruiste » dans la loi, pour lever les objections à cette obligation, mais elle n’avait pas eu le temps de prendre le décret d’application Aujourd’hui, la HAS recommande la banalisation de l’obligation vaccinale pour les soignants, les professionnels des secteurs sanitaire et médico-social. Toutefois, le taux de vaccination contre la grippe des professionnels des Ehpad reste désespérément bas, à 30 %. Quant à l’opportunité du présent amendement, le PLFSS mentionne déjà les recommandations de la HAS, qui, évidemment, exemptent de l’obligation vaccinale les personnes présentant des contre-indications. C’est suffisant. Si nous reprenions dans la loi tout le contenu des recommandations et des avis de la HAS, nous la rendrions très bavarde."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3641",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3641"
   ],
   "order": 3641,
   "text": "Cette exemption est déjà inscrite à l’alinéa 5 du présent article, pour les personnes résidant en Ehpad. Soit nous ne l’inscrivons pour personne, soit nous l’inscrivons pour tout le monde",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS681 de M. Guillaume Florquin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3641",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N97a37bcb1ab0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cette exemption est déjà inscrite à l’alinéa 5 du présent article, pour les personnes résidant en Ehpad. Soit nous ne l’inscrivons pour personne, soit nous l’inscrivons pour tout le monde"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722102",
   "speaker": "Annie Vidal",
   "quality": "Mme Annie Vidal (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3642",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3642",
    "3643",
    "3644"
   ],
   "order": 3642,
   "text": "Je suis favorable à l’amendement. En inscrivant cette exemption, nous soulignerons le parallèle entre les secteurs médico-social et sanitaire Il faut mener le virage préventif et développer la politique vaccinale. Or tous mes amendements allant dans ce sens ont été jugés irrecevables, alors qu’ils ne coûtaient rien ou permettaient des économies. Je proposais notamment d’expérimenter l’intégration des départements et de tous les élus locaux dans la politique vaccinale, dans une logique d’aller vers, en s’appuyant sur les données démographiques de chaque territoire. Quoi qu’il en soit, la politique vaccinale devrait être développée, car elle constitue une source d’économie.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS681 de M. Guillaume Florquin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3642",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nbfba01bba804",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis favorable à l’amendement. En inscrivant cette exemption, nous soulignerons le parallèle entre les secteurs médico-social et sanitaire Il faut mener le virage préventif et développer la politique vaccinale. Or tous mes amendements allant dans ce sens ont été jugés irrecevables, alors qu’ils ne coûtaient rien ou permettaient des économies. Je proposais notamment d’expérimenter l’intégration des départements et de tous les élus locaux dans la politique vaccinale, dans une logique d’aller vers, en s’appuyant sur les données démographiques de chaque territoire. Quoi qu’il en soit, la politique vaccinale devrait être développée, car elle constitue une source d’économie."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3646",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3646",
    "3647"
   ],
   "order": 3646,
   "text": "Je souscris à cet amendement, notamment pour des raisons psychologiques. Je suis provaccination à 100 %, mais l’obligation vaccinale a suscité des résistances – souvent pour de mauvaises raisons, d’ailleurs Plus généralement, je trouve que l’organisation de la discussion du PLFSS ne fonctionne pas. Nous essayons de bâtir une politique sans vision globale, à partir de microdécisions, qui ne sont pas cohérentes entre elles et font exploser le compteur des dépenses. Et en même temps, des amendements visant à favoriser la vaccination ou la prévention sont déclarés irrecevables. En outre, nous ne pouvons pas discuter d’un cadre pluriannuel, alors que le budget de la santé devrait être planifié à plus long terme.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS681 de M. Guillaume Florquin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3646",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Na8ff46b78673",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je souscris à cet amendement, notamment pour des raisons psychologiques. Je suis provaccination à 100 %, mais l’obligation vaccinale a suscité des résistances – souvent pour de mauvaises raisons, d’ailleurs Plus généralement, je trouve que l’organisation de la discussion du PLFSS ne fonctionne pas. Nous essayons de bâtir une politique sans vision globale, à partir de microdécisions, qui ne sont pas cohérentes entre elles et font exploser le compteur des dépenses. Et en même temps, des amendements visant à favoriser la vaccination ou la prévention sont déclarés irrecevables. En outre, nous ne pouvons pas discuter d’un cadre pluriannuel, alors que le budget de la santé devrait être planifié à plus long terme."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3652",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3652"
   ],
   "order": 3652,
   "text": "Dans le cadre de la mission d’information sur la santé mentale des mineurs, nous avons constaté que le dispositif Mon Soutien psy – une avancée majeure qui permet le remboursement de douze séances d’accompagnement psychologique – ne fonctionne pas auprès des publics les plus précaires, en raison de l’absence de tiers payant. Nous proposons donc d’instaurer le tiers payant pour tous. Cela aiderait certainement à désengorger les centres médico-psychologiques, qui sont saturés, souvent à mauvais escient",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1244 de Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3652",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N6908f8373788",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dans le cadre de la mission d’information sur la santé mentale des mineurs, nous avons constaté que le dispositif Mon Soutien psy – une avancée majeure qui permet le remboursement de douze séances d’accompagnement psychologique – ne fonctionne pas auprès des publics les plus précaires, en raison de l’absence de tiers payant. Nous proposons donc d’instaurer le tiers payant pour tous. Cela aiderait certainement à désengorger les centres médico-psychologiques, qui sont saturés, souvent à mauvais escient"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3660",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3660",
    "3661"
   ],
   "order": 3660,
   "text": "Le présent amendement vise à modifier les modalités d’utilisation des crédits alloués aux fonds d’intervention régionaux (FIR), afin de recentrer ces crédits sur les missions les plus essentielles pour l’accès aux soins et leur qualité De fait, mon groupe s’interroge sur l’utilisation actuelle des crédits des FIR. Puisqu’ils ont été créés pour permettre d’adapter les financements aux besoins des territoires, les ARS sont libres de leur utilisation. Toutefois, celle-ci n’est soumise à aucun contrôle parlementaire, alors que le montant alloué aux FIR a doublé en cinq ans. Le Gouvernement devrait donc transmettre un rapport à ce sujet aux commissions permanentes compétentes de l’Assemblée nationale du Sénat, afin qu’elles formulent un avis sur l’ensemble des contrats pluriannuels d’objectifs et de moyens (Cpom).",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1176 de Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3660",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N3ed50279fe3b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le présent amendement vise à modifier les modalités d’utilisation des crédits alloués aux fonds d’intervention régionaux (FIR), afin de recentrer ces crédits sur les missions les plus essentielles pour l’accès aux soins et leur qualité De fait, mon groupe s’interroge sur l’utilisation actuelle des crédits des FIR. Puisqu’ils ont été créés pour permettre d’adapter les financements aux besoins des territoires, les ARS sont libres de leur utilisation. Toutefois, celle-ci n’est soumise à aucun contrôle parlementaire, alors que le montant alloué aux FIR a doublé en cinq ans. Le Gouvernement devrait donc transmettre un rapport à ce sujet aux commissions permanentes compétentes de l’Assemblée nationale du Sénat, afin qu’elles formulent un avis sur l’ensemble des contrats pluriannuels d’objectifs et de moyens (Cpom)."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3662",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3662",
    "3663"
   ],
   "order": 3662,
   "text": "Je bois du petit-lait, car il s’agit de l’une de mes grandes souffrances de parlementaire. Par exemple, je n’ai pas pu accéder à la documentation concernant le FIR de l’ARS Grand Est. Pourtant, les parlementaires devraient pouvoir contrôler l’usage de ces dotations, d’autant que leur montant est important Je m’en remets à la sagesse de la commission.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1176 de Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3662",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe53a3e9e9ce",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je bois du petit-lait, car il s’agit de l’une de mes grandes souffrances de parlementaire. Par exemple, je n’ai pas pu accéder à la documentation concernant le FIR de l’ARS Grand Est. Pourtant, les parlementaires devraient pouvoir contrôler l’usage de ces dotations, d’autant que leur montant est important Je m’en remets à la sagesse de la commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3664",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3664",
    "3665"
   ],
   "order": 3664,
   "text": "L’enveloppe des FIR se chiffre en centaines de millions d’euros. Pourtant, leur usage, qui est à la main des directeurs d’ARS, échappe à tout contrôle. Dans mon territoire, les sommes sont même phénoménales – alors qu’on embête par ailleurs les députés pour des mesures – une politique vaccinale, par exemple – qui ne coûtent pas grand-chose Je suis donc favorable à des mesures renforçant la gouvernance et la transparence des FIR.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1176 de Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3664",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N83451653a355",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’enveloppe des FIR se chiffre en centaines de millions d’euros. Pourtant, leur usage, qui est à la main des directeurs d’ARS, échappe à tout contrôle. Dans mon territoire, les sommes sont même phénoménales – alors qu’on embête par ailleurs les députés pour des mesures – une politique vaccinale, par exemple – qui ne coûtent pas grand-chose Je suis donc favorable à des mesures renforçant la gouvernance et la transparence des FIR."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3668",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3668",
    "3669",
    "3670",
    "3671"
   ],
   "order": 3668,
   "text": "La nécessité d’une planification pluriannuelle des dépenses et des grandes évolutions de notre système de santé fait désormais consensus parmi les acteurs de la santé – et parmi les membres de notre commission. Nous proposons donc d’instaurer une loi de programmation pluriannuelle de la santé Notre système de santé connaît une crise profonde, liée au vieillissement de la population, à la forte augmentation de la prévalence des maladies chroniques et aux conséquences de la crise du covid en matière de santé publique. Il faut agir sans délai et mieux anticiper les besoins de santé futurs. Or le pilotage annuel des dépenses de santé dans le cadre de l’Ondam a montré toutes ses limites. Afin d’organiser l’accès aux soins de la population et de soutenir l’investissement ainsi que la recherche et l’innovation, les acteurs de la santé ont besoin de confiance et de visibilité. Une programmation pluriannuelle renforcerait la cohérence des budgets, à l’hôpital ou en médecine de ville, et permettrait de mieux orienter l’évolution du système de santé vers la prévention. Enfin, il faut aller plus loin dans le décloisonnement entre les cinq branches de la sécurité sociale, en renforçant notamment les liens entre la branche maladie et la branche dépendance.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS246 de Mme Justine Gruet et AS1247 de Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 201,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3668",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb39d0470f1df",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La nécessité d’une planification pluriannuelle des dépenses et des grandes évolutions de notre système de santé fait désormais consensus parmi les acteurs de la santé – et parmi les membres de notre commission. Nous proposons donc d’instaurer une loi de programmation pluriannuelle de la santé Notre système de santé connaît une crise profonde, liée au vieillissement de la population, à la forte augmentation de la prévalence des maladies chroniques et aux conséquences de la crise du covid en matière de santé publique. Il faut agir sans délai et mieux anticiper les besoins de santé futurs. Or le pilotage annuel des dépenses de santé dans le cadre de l’Ondam a montré toutes ses limites. Afin d’organiser l’accès aux soins de la population et de soutenir l’investissement ainsi que la recherche et l’innovation, les acteurs de la santé ont besoin de confiance et de visibilité. Une programmation pluriannuelle renforcerait la cohérence des budgets, à l’hôpital ou en médecine de ville, et permettrait de mieux orienter l’évolution du système de santé vers la prévention. Enfin, il faut aller plus loin dans le décloisonnement entre les cinq branches de la sécurité sociale, en renforçant notamment les liens entre la branche maladie et la branche dépendance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3691",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3691"
   ],
   "order": 3691,
   "text": "Nous demandons par cet amendement la production d’un rapport évaluant le niveau de la prévention en santé, notamment la ventilation des crédits qui y sont alloués. Le mot « prévention » recouvre tout et n’importe quoi – je serais ravie de vous apporter mon éclairage personnel. Quoi qu’il en soit, un état des lieux est nécessaire, pour comprendre quels dispositifs fonctionnent",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS631 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3691",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nfc62fe745eef",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous demandons par cet amendement la production d’un rapport évaluant le niveau de la prévention en santé, notamment la ventilation des crédits qui y sont alloués. Le mot « prévention » recouvre tout et n’importe quoi – je serais ravie de vous apporter mon éclairage personnel. Quoi qu’il en soit, un état des lieux est nécessaire, pour comprendre quels dispositifs fonctionnent"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3692",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3692",
    "3693"
   ],
   "order": 3692,
   "text": "C’est un beau et vaste sujet, qui a donné lieu à de nombreuses publications – il pourrait même faire l’objet d’une thèse. Je ne sais pas si un rapport du Gouvernement apporterait une plus-value. Plutôt que de multiplier les rapports, l’important est de favoriser la prévention Avis défavorable. Vous pourrez redéposer l’amendement en séance publique, pour échanger avec le Gouvernement à ce propos.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS631 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3692",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ne2e54c1e29e8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est un beau et vaste sujet, qui a donné lieu à de nombreuses publications – il pourrait même faire l’objet d’une thèse. Je ne sais pas si un rapport du Gouvernement apporterait une plus-value. Plutôt que de multiplier les rapports, l’important est de favoriser la prévention Avis défavorable. Vous pourrez redéposer l’amendement en séance publique, pour échanger avec le Gouvernement à ce propos."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841645",
   "speaker": "Théo Bernhardt",
   "quality": "M. Théo Bernhardt (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3696",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3696"
   ],
   "order": 3696,
   "text": "Nous demandons la production d’un rapport évaluant la politique de vaccination contre les infections à papillomavirus, notamment son impact épidémiologique et financier, en prenant en compte le coût de la vaccination et les économies qu’elle permet. En Australie, la vaccination a fait ses preuves puisque l’incidence des cancers du col de l’utérus a baissé",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1669 de M. Théo Bernhardt",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3696",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N88310da61717",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous demandons la production d’un rapport évaluant la politique de vaccination contre les infections à papillomavirus, notamment son impact épidémiologique et financier, en prenant en compte le coût de la vaccination et les économies qu’elle permet. En Australie, la vaccination a fait ses preuves puisque l’incidence des cancers du col de l’utérus a baissé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3697",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3697",
    "3698"
   ],
   "order": 3697,
   "text": "Santé publique France a déjà publié beaucoup d’éléments concernant cette campagne de vaccination. Elle coûte 88 millions d’euros chaque année, en rythme de croisière. Nous connaissons également le taux de couverture vaccinale pour les garçons et les filles et pour une ou deux doses. Enfin, le vaccin est pris en charge et les professionnels de santé qui vaccinent dans les collèges sont rémunérés. Nous n’avons pas besoin d’un rapport Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1669 de M. Théo Bernhardt",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3697",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N29931bb3dd40",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Santé publique France a déjà publié beaucoup d’éléments concernant cette campagne de vaccination. Elle coûte 88 millions d’euros chaque année, en rythme de croisière. Nous connaissons également le taux de couverture vaccinale pour les garçons et les filles et pour une ou deux doses. Enfin, le vaccin est pris en charge et les professionnels de santé qui vaccinent dans les collèges sont rémunérés. Nous n’avons pas besoin d’un rapport Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3700",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3700",
    "3701"
   ],
   "order": 3700,
   "text": "Nous savons que le vaccin est efficace pour les patients, ce qui est le plus important. Sur le plan financier, il évite la prise en charge – coûteuse – de nombreux cancers du col de l’utérus L’amendement AS1669 est retiré.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1669 de M. Théo Bernhardt",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3700",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nc7f3c699a1ce",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous savons que le vaccin est efficace pour les patients, ce qui est le plus important. Sur le plan financier, il évite la prise en charge – coûteuse – de nombreux cancers du col de l’utérus L’amendement AS1669 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841893",
   "speaker": "Céline Thiébault-Martinez",
   "quality": "Mme Céline Thiébault-Martinez (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3703",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3703",
    "3704",
    "3705"
   ],
   "order": 3703,
   "text": "La LFSS 2 024 prévoyait la prise en charge des protections périodiques pour les femmes en situation de précarité. À l’époque, les organisations féministes avaient salué cette mesure, qui répondait à une attente importante dans la population En mai, quand j’ai interpellé Aurore Bergé, alors ministre chargée de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, concernant l’entrée en vigueur du remboursement, elle m’a indiqué qu’il serait effectif en septembre de cette année. Or ce n’est toujours pas le cas. Nous demandons donc la production d’un rapport concernant les mesures réglementaires prises ou en cours de préparation pour appliquer ce remboursement et le calendrier prévisionnel de son déploiement. Le rapport préciserait en outre quels moyens sont envisagés pour garantir un accès effectif et équitable au dispositif sur l’ensemble du territoire.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS51 de Mme Céline Thiébault-Martinez",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 129,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3703",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N23ce042759ca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La LFSS 2 024 prévoyait la prise en charge des protections périodiques pour les femmes en situation de précarité. À l’époque, les organisations féministes avaient salué cette mesure, qui répondait à une attente importante dans la population En mai, quand j’ai interpellé [PERSONNE], alors ministre chargée de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, concernant l’entrée en vigueur du remboursement, elle m’a indiqué qu’il serait effectif en septembre de cette année. Or ce n’est toujours pas le cas. Nous demandons donc la production d’un rapport concernant les mesures réglementaires prises ou en cours de préparation pour appliquer ce remboursement et le calendrier prévisionnel de son déploiement. Le rapport préciserait en outre quels moyens sont envisagés pour garantir un accès effectif et équitable au dispositif sur l’ensemble du territoire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3706",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3706",
    "3707"
   ],
   "order": 3706,
   "text": "Le Gouvernement s’était engagé à déployer la mesure d’ici à la fin de 2025. Plus que d’un rapport, nous avons besoin d’interroger le Gouvernement, ce que vous pourrez faire si vous redéposez l’amendement pour la séance publique. En attendant, n’étant pas le Gouvernement, je ne peux pas vous répondre Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS51 de Mme Céline Thiébault-Martinez",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3706",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb662b0130714",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le Gouvernement s’était engagé à déployer la mesure d’ici à la fin de 2025. Plus que d’un rapport, nous avons besoin d’interroger le Gouvernement, ce que vous pourrez faire si vous redéposez l’amendement pour la séance publique. En attendant, n’étant pas le Gouvernement, je ne peux pas vous répondre Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4353",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4353"
   ],
   "order": 4353,
   "text": "Effectivement, pourquoi un employé de bureau qui s’est cassé la jambe ne pourrait-il pas télétravailler ? Certains hésitent parfois à s’arrêter : ils seraient plus sereins s’ils pouvaient simplement continuer à distance. C’est une mesure de bon sens, équilibrée, qui peut faciliter la vie de l’entreprise sans nier les droits de l’employé",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS219 de M. Stéphane Viry et AS1401 de M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4353",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N8796f3da1287",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Effectivement, pourquoi un employé de bureau qui s’est cassé la jambe ne pourrait-il pas télétravailler ? Certains hésitent parfois à s’arrêter : ils seraient plus sereins s’ils pouvaient simplement continuer à distance. C’est une mesure de bon sens, équilibrée, qui peut faciliter la vie de l’entreprise sans nier les droits de l’employé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4354",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4354",
    "4355"
   ],
   "order": 4354,
   "text": "Je comprends l’intention. Mais cette mesure est discriminante, car tous les métiers ne permettent pas le télétravail. En outre, les salariés toucheraient-ils alors des indemnités journalières ? Au vu de vos interventions, je crois comprendre que non, mais ce point gagnerait à être précisé dans le dispositif d’ici à l’examen en séance publique Sagesse.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS219 de M. Stéphane Viry et AS1401 de M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4354",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ncb572f2a76d3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends l’intention. Mais cette mesure est discriminante, car tous les métiers ne permettent pas le télétravail. En outre, les salariés toucheraient-ils alors des indemnités journalières ? Au vu de vos interventions, je crois comprendre que non, mais ce point gagnerait à être précisé dans le dispositif d’ici à l’examen en séance publique Sagesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4356"
   ],
   "order": 4356,
   "text": "Tant que vous y êtes, autorisez le télétravail depuis un lit d’hôpital ! Comment penser qu’une personne ayant besoin d’un arrêt maladie puisse travailler de chez elle ? C’est incroyable ! Demain, ce sera avec une jambe cassée, après-demain avec une grippe. Les arrêts de travail sont un droit. Ils doivent être respectés",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS219 de M. Stéphane Viry et AS1401 de M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4356",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N96424643d781",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tant que vous y êtes, autorisez le télétravail depuis un lit d’hôpital ! Comment penser qu’une personne ayant besoin d’un arrêt maladie puisse travailler de chez elle ? C’est incroyable ! Demain, ce sera avec une jambe cassée, après-demain avec une grippe. Les arrêts de travail sont un droit. Ils doivent être respectés"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4357",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4357"
   ],
   "order": 4357,
   "text": "Voyons les choses positivement. C’est une possibilité sur laquelle les syndicats ont attiré notre attention. Si le salarié souhaite reprendre son travail mais qu’il ne peut pas se rendre sur place, pourquoi ne pas l’autoriser à télétravailler ? Cela n’entrave pas sa récupération puisqu’il est accompagné par un médecin dans sa démarche. En revanche, il faudra revenir sur la rédaction des amendements",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS219 de M. Stéphane Viry et AS1401 de M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4357",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N543acda43961",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Voyons les choses positivement. C’est une possibilité sur laquelle les syndicats ont attiré notre attention. Si le salarié souhaite reprendre son travail mais qu’il ne peut pas se rendre sur place, pourquoi ne pas l’autoriser à télétravailler ? Cela n’entrave pas sa récupération puisqu’il est accompagné par un médecin dans sa démarche. En revanche, il faudra revenir sur la rédaction des amendements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4477",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4477"
   ],
   "order": 4477,
   "text": "Si le médecin ne vous connaît pas, il saura, grâce au dossier médical partagé, quels praticiens vous avez consultés, quels soins vous ont été prodigués, quels médicaments vous ont été délivrés. C’est un outil d’accompagnement. Parfois, dans les établissements privés, on n’arrive pas à lire l’imagerie par résonance magnétique réalisée à l’hôpital, ce qui oblige à en faire une autre. Le système proposé permettrait un réel gain. Quant au temps administratif, il sera réduit car, grâce à l’informatique, il n’est plus nécessaire de tout retranscrire par écrit",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS362 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4477",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ne957e0df7a79",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Si le médecin ne vous connaît pas, il saura, grâce au dossier médical partagé, quels praticiens vous avez consultés, quels soins vous ont été prodigués, quels médicaments vous ont été délivrés. C’est un outil d’accompagnement. Parfois, dans les établissements privés, on n’arrive pas à lire l’imagerie par résonance magnétique réalisée à l’hôpital, ce qui oblige à en faire une autre. Le système proposé permettrait un réel gain. Quant au temps administratif, il sera réduit car, grâce à l’informatique, il n’est plus nécessaire de tout retranscrire par écrit"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794234",
   "speaker": "François Gernigon",
   "quality": "M. François Gernigon (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4480",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4480",
    "4481"
   ],
   "order": 4480,
   "text": "Afin de garantir l’applicabilité des obligations définies par l’article 31 et le respect de l’équité entre les professionnels, nous proposons de reporter à 2028 l’entrée en vigueur des pénalités en cas de non-alimentation ou de non-consultation du dossier médical partagé Contre l’avis du rapporteur général, la commission rejette l’amendement.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1784 de Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4480",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nf857c8ec5ef9",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Afin de garantir l’applicabilité des obligations définies par l’article 31 et le respect de l’équité entre les professionnels, nous proposons de reporter à 2028 l’entrée en vigueur des pénalités en cas de non-alimentation ou de non-consultation du dossier médical partagé Contre l’avis du rapporteur général, la commission rejette l’amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4483"
   ],
   "order": 4483,
   "text": "Cet amendement conditionne l’obligation de renseignement du dossier médical partagé à l’opérationnalité effective du carnet de vaccination numérique dans Mon espace santé. Patients et médecins s’accordent sur l’utilité du dossier médical partagé, qu’il faut promouvoir. Toutefois, la difficulté provient de son caractère insuffisamment opérationnel. Le professionnel de santé doit avoir un accès simple au dispositif. La Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie avait promis, avant le covid‑19, un carnet de vaccination numérique opérationnel, ce qui n’est toujours pas le cas. Je suis favorable à ce que l’on mette davantage à contribution les éditeurs de logiciels mais cela n’est pas envisageable tant que le dossier médical partagé n’est pas structuré. De même, avant que cet objectif ne soit atteint, on peut difficilement imposer des obligations aux médecins. Le système doit être conçu de telle manière qu’en un clic, le patient ou le médecin puisse consulter le dossier partagé",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1078 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1101 de M. Jean-François Rousset (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4483",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N2b5c8d37eb30",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement conditionne l’obligation de renseignement du dossier médical partagé à l’opérationnalité effective du carnet de vaccination numérique dans Mon espace santé. Patients et médecins s’accordent sur l’utilité du dossier médical partagé, qu’il faut promouvoir. Toutefois, la difficulté provient de son caractère insuffisamment opérationnel. Le professionnel de santé doit avoir un accès simple au dispositif. La Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie avait promis, avant le covid‑19, un carnet de vaccination numérique opérationnel, ce qui n’est toujours pas le cas. Je suis favorable à ce que l’on mette davantage à contribution les éditeurs de logiciels mais cela n’est pas envisageable tant que le dossier médical partagé n’est pas structuré. De même, avant que cet objectif ne soit atteint, on peut difficilement imposer des obligations aux médecins. Le système doit être conçu de telle manière qu’en un clic, le patient ou le médecin puisse consulter le dossier partagé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4484",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4484"
   ],
   "order": 4484,
   "text": "La deuxième vague du Ségur numérique pour les professionnels et le programme cyber accélération et résilience des établissements de santé sont en cours de mise en œuvre. Ils permettront à certains logiciels métiers d’entrer des données dans le dossier médical partagé. Cet amendement conditionne l’application de la procédure de sanction à l’harmonisation des logiciels numériques. L’objectif est que tous les logiciels métiers des professionnels de santé, des établissements et des structures médico-sociales permettent le transfert automatique des données et en facilitent la consultation. Il convient de donner aux professionnels la capacité de respecter leurs obligations",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1078 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1101 de M. Jean-François Rousset (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4484",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N120a16492425",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La deuxième vague du Ségur numérique pour les professionnels et le programme cyber accélération et résilience des établissements de santé sont en cours de mise en œuvre. Ils permettront à certains logiciels métiers d’entrer des données dans le dossier médical partagé. Cet amendement conditionne l’application de la procédure de sanction à l’harmonisation des logiciels numériques. L’objectif est que tous les logiciels métiers des professionnels de santé, des établissements et des structures médico-sociales permettent le transfert automatique des données et en facilitent la consultation. Il convient de donner aux professionnels la capacité de respecter leurs obligations"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4485",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4485"
   ],
   "order": 4485,
   "text": "L’amendement AS1078 se focalise sur la vaccination. Or nous devons agir sur l’ensemble des usages du dossier médical partagé. C’est la raison pour laquelle je vous invite à voter l’amendement de M. Rousset, sur lequel j’émets un avis favorable. Je vous alerte toutefois : il est en discussion commune avec l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille, à qui je demande de bien vouloir le retirer. S’il ne le souhaite pas, je vous invite alors à ne pas l’adopter car cela ferait tomber celui de M. Rousset",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1078 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1101 de M. Jean-François Rousset (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4485",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N02471d241fa3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS1078 se focalise sur la vaccination. Or nous devons agir sur l’ensemble des usages du dossier médical partagé. C’est la raison pour laquelle je vous invite à voter l’amendement de M. Rousset, sur lequel j’émets un avis favorable. Je vous alerte toutefois : il est en discussion commune avec l’amendement de M. Isaac-Sibille, à qui je demande de bien vouloir le retirer. S’il ne le souhaite pas, je vous invite alors à ne pas l’adopter car cela ferait tomber celui de M. Rousset"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4486",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4486"
   ],
   "order": 4486,
   "text": "Je comprends l’intention de mon collègue Rousset mais je trouve son amendement trop ambitieux. Cela fait cinq ou six ans que je demande la mise en place d’un carnet de vaccination, et l’assurance maladie n’est toujours pas en mesure de le faire. Si vous lui demandez de tout faire, rien ne se fera jamais. Je préfère que l’on avance petit à petit, en commençant par le carnet de vaccination. Si nous y parvenons, nous aurons fait un grand pas et nous pourrons envisager d’aller plus loin",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1078 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1101 de M. Jean-François Rousset (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4486",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N178d33eb03e9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends l’intention de mon collègue Rousset mais je trouve son amendement trop ambitieux. Cela fait cinq ou six ans que je demande la mise en place d’un carnet de vaccination, et l’assurance maladie n’est toujours pas en mesure de le faire. Si vous lui demandez de tout faire, rien ne se fera jamais. Je préfère que l’on avance petit à petit, en commençant par le carnet de vaccination. Si nous y parvenons, nous aurons fait un grand pas et nous pourrons envisager d’aller plus loin"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719736",
   "speaker": "Camille Galliard-Minier",
   "quality": "Mme Camille Galliard-Minier (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4487",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4487"
   ],
   "order": 4487,
   "text": "Je suis pour l’amendement de M. Rousset. Une forte ambition est nécessaire car nous avons besoin d’améliorer ces outils. Nous devons mettre la pression sur les éditeurs de logiciels pour que la transmission ait un caractère automatique, tout en conservant la possibilité pour les médecins de ne pas le faire. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous n’avons pas souhaité retenir la date proposée par l’amendement précédent, à savoir 2028",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1078 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et AS1101 de M. Jean-François Rousset (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 69,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4487",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf3c66bbdd3f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis pour l’amendement de M. Rousset. Une forte ambition est nécessaire car nous avons besoin d’améliorer ces outils. Nous devons mettre la pression sur les éditeurs de logiciels pour que la transmission ait un caractère automatique, tout en conservant la possibilité pour les médecins de ne pas le faire. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous n’avons pas souhaité retenir la date proposée par l’amendement précédent, à savoir 2028"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4492",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4492",
    "4493"
   ],
   "order": 4492,
   "text": "Plusieurs rapports ont remis en cause, ces dernières années, l’opacité et le coût du titre de séjour pour soins. Selon le rapport de l’Office français de l’immigration et de l’intégration de 2023, la France dispose d’un système unique au monde se situant bien au-delà des obligations qui s’imposent aux pays européens. Par ailleurs, le rapport de 2023 sur l’évaluation du coût des soins dispensés aux étrangers en situation irrégulière, de Véronique Louwagie, dénonçait des critères flous, précisant qu’il existe des dispositifs de prise en charge des étrangers ne résidant pas habituellement en France, en particulier pour des soins urgents Aussi, l’amendement AS1155 remet en cause le fonctionnement actuel du titre de séjour pour soins en empêchant tout remboursement de la Sécurité sociale. Cela ne signifie pas qu’un étranger possédant un titre de séjour pour soins ne sera pas soigné, mais simplement qu’il paiera ses frais médicaux.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements AS1155 de M. Laurent Wauquiez et AS1441 de M. Fabien Di Filippo (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4492",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb25757c1c7b2",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Plusieurs rapports ont remis en cause, ces dernières années, l’opacité et le coût du titre de séjour pour soins. Selon le rapport de l’Office français de l’immigration et de l’intégration de 2023, la France dispose d’un système unique au monde se situant bien au-delà des obligations qui s’imposent aux pays européens. Par ailleurs, le rapport de 2023 sur l’évaluation du coût des soins dispensés aux étrangers en situation irrégulière, de [PERSONNE], dénonçait des critères flous, précisant qu’il existe des dispositifs de prise en charge des étrangers ne résidant pas habituellement en France, en particulier pour des soins urgents Aussi, l’amendement AS1155 remet en cause le fonctionnement actuel du titre de séjour pour soins en empêchant tout remboursement de la Sécurité sociale. Cela ne signifie pas qu’un étranger possédant un titre de séjour pour soins ne sera pas soigné, mais simplement qu’il paiera ses frais médicaux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4615",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4615"
   ],
   "order": 4615,
   "text": "À ma grande surprise, le Comité économique des produits de santé, qui a diligenté une mission « flash » cet été, a déclaré pendant les auditions préparatoires que cet article ne lui convenait pas",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS1779 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4615",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N206ea1e6e7a4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "À ma grande surprise, le Comité économique des produits de santé, qui a diligenté une mission « flash » cet été, a déclaré pendant les auditions préparatoires que cet article ne lui convenait pas"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4620",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4620",
    "4621",
    "4622"
   ],
   "order": 4620,
   "text": "Cet article m’a posé question : d’où vient-il ? Le Comité économique des produits de santé, que j’ai interrogé, a déclaré qu’il avait les mêmes inquiétudes que nous. La procédure de référencement constitue un préalable à la décision de remboursement. Par conséquent, les molécules non référencées seront déremboursées et les entreprises exploitantes sortiront du marché, ce qui conduira à une diminution de l’intensité concurrentielle et à une hausse des prix. En outre, la multiplication des critères de la procédure de référencement altère sa lisibilité et renforce un risque de référencement des seuls acteurs pharmaceutiques détenteurs d’importantes parts de marché L’article ne fonctionne pas non plus sur le plan opérationnel. Il faut des garanties sur le caractère multi-attributaire du référencement et surtout, sur les compétences et les moyens du Comité économique des produits de santé, qui semblent insuffisants. J’invite donc le Gouvernement à réécrire totalement cette disposition. Pour l’heure, ne perdons pas de temps et supprimons-la.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS1780 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS238 de Mme Josiane Corneloup et AS822 de M. Michel Lauzzana",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 155,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4620",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ned0df021fb50",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article m’a posé question : d’où vient-il ? Le Comité économique des produits de santé, que j’ai interrogé, a déclaré qu’il avait les mêmes inquiétudes que nous. La procédure de référencement constitue un préalable à la décision de remboursement. Par conséquent, les molécules non référencées seront déremboursées et les entreprises exploitantes sortiront du marché, ce qui conduira à une diminution de l’intensité concurrentielle et à une hausse des prix. En outre, la multiplication des critères de la procédure de référencement altère sa lisibilité et renforce un risque de référencement des seuls acteurs pharmaceutiques détenteurs d’importantes parts de marché L’article ne fonctionne pas non plus sur le plan opérationnel. Il faut des garanties sur le caractère multi-attributaire du référencement et surtout, sur les compétences et les moyens du Comité économique des produits de santé, qui semblent insuffisants. J’invite donc le Gouvernement à réécrire totalement cette disposition. Pour l’heure, ne perdons pas de temps et supprimons-la."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4626",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4626"
   ],
   "order": 4626,
   "text": "Mon amendement transpose dans le droit national les engagements que la France a contractés lors de la résolution sur la transparence du marché des médicaments, vaccins et produits de santé",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS963 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS118 de M. Sébastien Saint-Pasteur, AS1091 de M. Hendrik Davi, AS480 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4626",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N1aafa33176a9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement transpose dans le droit national les engagements que la France a contractés lors de la résolution sur la transparence du marché des médicaments, vaccins et produits de santé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841717",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Runel",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Runel (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4627",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4627",
    "4628"
   ],
   "order": 4627,
   "text": "Il s’agit de mieux réguler les dépenses de médicaments et de faire des économies sans détériorer la qualité de la prise en charge des assurés ni augmenter leur reste à charge. Les industriels justifient souvent leurs prix élevés par le coût de la recherche et du développement, des dépenses qui ont certes une part importante mais qui sont financées par des fonds publics Afin de permettre des négociations éclairées et d’évaluer la légitimité des prix demandés par les industriels, l’amendement AS118 rend transparentes les informations sur les financements publics de la recherche et développement des médicaments. Ces informations présenteront les investissements publics directs et les aides indirectes comme le crédit d’impôt recherche.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS963 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS118 de M. Sébastien Saint-Pasteur, AS1091 de M. Hendrik Davi, AS480 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4627",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb9630870e175",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit de mieux réguler les dépenses de médicaments et de faire des économies sans détériorer la qualité de la prise en charge des assurés ni augmenter leur reste à charge. Les industriels justifient souvent leurs prix élevés par le coût de la recherche et du développement, des dépenses qui ont certes une part importante mais qui sont financées par des fonds publics Afin de permettre des négociations éclairées et d’évaluer la légitimité des prix demandés par les industriels, l’amendement AS118 rend transparentes les informations sur les financements publics de la recherche et développement des médicaments. Ces informations présenteront les investissements publics directs et les aides indirectes comme le crédit d’impôt recherche."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4629",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "4629",
    "4630",
    "4631"
   ],
   "order": 4629,
   "text": "L’objectif de mon amendement est de renforcer la transparence sur les financements publics de la recherche pharmaceutique. Les entreprises justifient les prix élevés des médicaments par les coûts de la recherche et développement alors qu’une grande partie de cette recherche est financée par des fonds publics, comme l’ont démontré l’Organisation mondiale de la santé et de nombreux articles scientifiques, notamment publiés dans la revue Prescrire L’exemple du Zolgensma, une thérapie génique sur une maladie rare commercialisée par Novartis et dont le prix atteint deux millions d’euros par patient illustre cette situation. Les recherches fondamentales qui ont permis son développement ont été financées par le Centre national de la recherche scientifique, l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale et l’AFM-Téléthon. Malgré l’obligation de transparence sur les financements publics de la recherche inscrite dans la loi de finances de 2021, en 2023, seules deux entreprises ont déclaré 1,4 million d’euros de financements publics. L’amendement rend publique la traçabilité de ces financements – aides directes et crédit impôt recherche notamment.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS963 de M. Yannick Monnet, AS118 de M. Sébastien Saint-Pasteur, AS1091 de M. Hendrik Davi, AS480 de M. Damien Maudet (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 170,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p4629",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nf5bc94c45bf3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’objectif de mon amendement est de renforcer la transparence sur les financements publics de la recherche pharmaceutique. Les entreprises justifient les prix élevés des médicaments par les coûts de la recherche et développement alors qu’une grande partie de cette recherche est financée par des fonds publics, comme l’ont démontré l’Organisation mondiale de la santé et de nombreux articles scientifiques, notamment publiés dans la revue Prescrire L’exemple du Zolgensma, une thérapie génique sur une maladie rare commercialisée par Novartis et dont le prix atteint deux millions d’euros par patient illustre cette situation. Les recherches fondamentales qui ont permis son développement ont été financées par le Centre national de la recherche scientifique, l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale et l’AFM-Téléthon. Malgré l’obligation de transparence sur les financements publics de la recherche inscrite dans la loi de finances de 2021, en 2023, seules deux entreprises ont déclaré 1,4 million d’euros de financements publics. L’amendement rend publique la traçabilité de ces financements – aides directes et crédit impôt recherche notamment."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5212",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5212"
   ],
   "order": 5212,
   "text": "Quand j’étais commissaire aux finances, je m’étais penché sur les annexes budgétaires relatives aux agences de l’État, notamment celles concernant les organismes divers d’administration centrale. Eh bien, c’est extraordinaire ! Certains opérateurs continuent d’être financés alors qu’ils sont inactifs depuis deux ou trois ans. D’autres organismes exercent des missions très proches, si bien qu’il faudrait les regrouper. M. Philippe, quand il était Premier ministre, avait supprimé quelques-unes de ces structures. Nous devons regarder tout cela de près et poursuivre ce travail de tri car, au bout du compte, ces opérateurs coûtent très cher à l’État. Je suis donc favorable à l’amendement du rapporteur général",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1786 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5212",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nae22ef2b01ed",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Quand j’étais commissaire aux finances, je m’étais penché sur les annexes budgétaires relatives aux agences de l’État, notamment celles concernant les organismes divers d’administration centrale. Eh bien, c’est extraordinaire ! Certains opérateurs continuent d’être financés alors qu’ils sont inactifs depuis deux ou trois ans. D’autres organismes exercent des missions très proches, si bien qu’il faudrait les regrouper. M. Philippe, quand il était Premier ministre, avait supprimé quelques-unes de ces structures. Nous devons regarder tout cela de près et poursuivre ce travail de tri car, au bout du compte, ces opérateurs coûtent très cher à l’État. Je suis donc favorable à l’amendement du rapporteur général"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5213",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5213",
    "5214"
   ],
   "order": 5213,
   "text": "Vous avez raison, monsieur Monnet, c’est à nous de décider Outre les augmentations que j’ai mentionnées, j’ai également été surpris par certaines baisses, comme celle de la dotation de l’Établissement français du sang. J’ai demandé au Gouvernement des explications sur ces évolutions, mais à ce jour, je n’en ai pas reçu. Si j’en obtiens d’ici à la séance publique, je déposerai un amendement totalement différent. Il n’est pas normal de ne pas justifier et de ne pas documenter de telles évolutions.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS1786 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5213",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N51d551b663e6",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez raison, monsieur Monnet, c’est à nous de décider Outre les augmentations que j’ai mentionnées, j’ai également été surpris par certaines baisses, comme celle de la dotation de l’Établissement français du sang. J’ai demandé au Gouvernement des explications sur ces évolutions, mais à ce jour, je n’en ai pas reçu. Si j’en obtiens d’ici à la séance publique, je déposerai un amendement totalement différent. Il n’est pas normal de ne pas justifier et de ne pas documenter de telles évolutions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5218",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5218",
    "5219"
   ],
   "order": 5218,
   "text": "Alors que l’augmentation naturelle des dépenses est estimée à 10 milliards d’euros pour l’an prochain, soit une hausse 4,5 %, l’article 48 n’augmentera l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) que de 4,5 milliards, soit une hausse de 1,6 %. Les cinq fédérations hospitalières estiment la perte pour l’hôpital public à 1 milliard d’euros – c’est l’équivalent de 20 000 postes d’infirmiers, alors que les recrutements s’amélioraient plutôt jusqu’à présent. Elles dénoncent également des chiffres en trompe-l’œil côté médico-social, puisque ce texte laissera un déficit de 500 millions d’euros pour les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), le handicap et les services à domicile. Ce n’est pas acceptable La Constitution nous interdisant de déposer des amendements qui créeraient des dépenses nouvelles, nous proposons de supprimer cet article.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS1089 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 128,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5218",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N32d324981362",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Alors que l’augmentation naturelle des dépenses est estimée à 10 milliards d’euros pour l’an prochain, soit une hausse 4,5 %, l’article 48 n’augmentera l’objectif national de dépenses d’assurance maladie (Ondam) que de 4,5 milliards, soit une hausse de 1,6 %. Les cinq fédérations hospitalières estiment la perte pour l’hôpital public à 1 milliard d’euros – c’est l’équivalent de 20 000 postes d’infirmiers, alors que les recrutements s’amélioraient plutôt jusqu’à présent. Elles dénoncent également des chiffres en trompe-l’œil côté médico-social, puisque ce texte laissera un déficit de 500 millions d’euros pour les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), le handicap et les services à domicile. Ce n’est pas acceptable La Constitution nous interdisant de déposer des amendements qui créeraient des dépenses nouvelles, nous proposons de supprimer cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5220",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5220",
    "5221"
   ],
   "order": 5220,
   "text": "Je reviens dans mon rapport sur les périmètres respectifs des articles 48 et 49. L’Ondam est fixé à l’article 49 ; l’article 48, lui, concerne d’autres dépenses Demande de retrait. À défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS1089 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5220",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N449b17e5f1e7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je reviens dans mon rapport sur les périmètres respectifs des articles 48 et 49. L’Ondam est fixé à l’article 49 ; l’article 48, lui, concerne d’autres dépenses Demande de retrait. À défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5222",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5222"
   ],
   "order": 5222,
   "text": "L’Ondam prévu, dont la progression est inférieure à l’inflation, ne répond absolument pas aux besoins. La feuille de route du Gouvernement est de détruire ce joyau qu’est l’hôpital public : assumez-le ! Mieux vaut supprimer cet article que de se moquer du personnel soignant, qui travaille matin, midi et soir pour nos concitoyens",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS1089 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5222",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Ne5065046b210",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’Ondam prévu, dont la progression est inférieure à l’inflation, ne répond absolument pas aux besoins. La feuille de route du Gouvernement est de détruire ce joyau qu’est l’hôpital public : assumez-le ! Mieux vaut supprimer cet article que de se moquer du personnel soignant, qui travaille matin, midi et soir pour nos concitoyens"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5223",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5223",
    "5224",
    "5225"
   ],
   "order": 5223,
   "text": "Arrêtez de dire que nous voulons tuer l’hôpital public ! Quel est ce fantasme ? Espérez-vous qu’à force de répéter ces éléments de langage, nos concitoyens vous croiront ? Au cours des dernières années, nous avons beaucoup augmenté l’Ondam, à un rythme plus rapide que l’inflation. Rappelons en outre qu’il s’agit d’un simple objectif, qui est dépassé chaque année – souvent à raison. Il n’est pas utile d’ajouter des couches supplémentaires de moyens. Il faut plutôt réfléchir à des manières de travailler plus efficientes. Cette réflexion a lieu partout ; elle doit aussi avoir lieu à l’hôpital.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement de suppression AS1089 de M. Yannick Monnet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5223",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nfd941f1f3989",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Arrêtez de dire que nous voulons tuer l’hôpital public ! Quel est ce fantasme ? Espérez-vous qu’à force de répéter ces éléments de langage, nos concitoyens vous croiront ? Au cours des dernières années, nous avons beaucoup augmenté l’Ondam, à un rythme plus rapide que l’inflation. Rappelons en outre qu’il s’agit d’un simple objectif, qui est dépassé chaque année – souvent à raison. Il n’est pas utile d’ajouter des couches supplémentaires de moyens. Il faut plutôt réfléchir à des manières de travailler plus efficientes. Cette réflexion a lieu partout ; elle doit aussi avoir lieu à l’hôpital."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5230",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5230",
    "5231"
   ],
   "order": 5230,
   "text": "L’Ondam qui nous est proposé pour 2026 augmenterait de 1,6 %. Plusieurs de ses composantes sont problématiques. Le sous-objectif « Dépenses de soins de ville » ne progresse que de 0,88 %, parce qu’il intègre les 2,3 milliards de recettes liées au doublement des franchises médicales, auquel nous sommes opposés. L’augmentation de 2,1 % du sous-objectif « Dépenses des établissements de santé » est notoirement insuffisante ; elle comporte un risque de tarification négative pour un grand nombre d’établissements et ne permet pas de résorber la dette cumulée des hôpitaux publics, qui atteint 2 milliards d’euros. Quant à l’objectif global de dépenses pour les personnes âgées et les personnes handicapées (OGD PA-PH), il est également insuffisant, en particulier pour accompagner les Ehpad en difficulté Notre amendement de suppression AS84 est un coup de semonce. Le Premier ministre a déclaré cet après-midi dans l’hémicycle que l’Ondam hospitalier devait être augmenté ; nous attendons donc qu’il amende son texte pour prendre en compte nos objections.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS84 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS412 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 163,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5230",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "Nb8477a653e67",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’Ondam qui nous est proposé pour 2026 augmenterait de 1,6 %. Plusieurs de ses composantes sont problématiques. Le sous-objectif « Dépenses de soins de ville » ne progresse que de 0,88 %, parce qu’il intègre les 2,3 milliards de recettes liées au doublement des franchises médicales, auquel nous sommes opposés. L’augmentation de 2,1 % du sous-objectif « Dépenses des établissements de santé » est notoirement insuffisante ; elle comporte un risque de tarification négative pour un grand nombre d’établissements et ne permet pas de résorber la dette cumulée des hôpitaux publics, qui atteint 2 milliards d’euros. Quant à l’objectif global de dépenses pour les personnes âgées et les personnes handicapées (OGD PA-PH), il est également insuffisant, en particulier pour accompagner les Ehpad en difficulté Notre amendement de suppression AS84 est un coup de semonce. Le Premier ministre a déclaré cet après-midi dans l’hémicycle que l’Ondam hospitalier devait être augmenté ; nous attendons donc qu’il amende son texte pour prendre en compte nos objections."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795422",
   "speaker": "Damien Maudet",
   "quality": "M. Damien Maudet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5232",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5232",
    "5233"
   ],
   "order": 5232,
   "text": "Clarisse, infirmière en Île-de-France, explique : « Avec les heures supplémentaires à répétition, nous ne pouvons plus rien prévoir. Nos proches ne peuvent jamais compter sur nous. À tout moment, on décale les plans. Il est très compliqué d’articuler vie personnelle et vie professionnelle. À 28 ans, il va falloir que je choisisse : est-ce que je dois sacrifier ma vie de famille ou continuer le travail que j’aime ? Les deux sont devenus incompatibles. » Qu’a déclaré Sébastien Lecornu lorsqu’il s’est rendu pour la première fois dans un hôpital public en tant que Premier ministre ? « Il y a des problèmes de finances publiques parce qu’on a décidé de remettre beaucoup d’argent dans l’hôpital. » Autrement dit, les soignants, qui tiennent l’hôpital à bout de bras, seraient responsables de la dette ! Non seulement ses propos sont honteux, mais en plus, ils sont faux. Sous Macron, l’hôpital public a été constamment sous-financé, sauf lors de la crise du covid. Depuis 2017, 30 000 lits ont été supprimés. Pour 2026, la Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) estime qu’il manque 1 milliard d’euros, ce qui empêchera l’ouverture de 20 000 postes d’infirmières. Nous proposons donc de supprimer cet Ondam, parce qu’il est dangereux pour l’hôpital et la santé des Français.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS84 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS412 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 210,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5232",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N7638a5940ef4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Clarisse, infirmière en Île-de-France, explique : « Avec les heures supplémentaires à répétition, nous ne pouvons plus rien prévoir. Nos proches ne peuvent jamais compter sur nous. À tout moment, on décale les plans. Il est très compliqué d’articuler vie personnelle et vie professionnelle. À 28 ans, il va falloir que je choisisse : est-ce que je dois sacrifier ma vie de famille ou continuer le travail que j’aime ? Les deux sont devenus incompatibles. » Qu’a déclaré [PERSONNE] lorsqu’il s’est rendu pour la première fois dans un hôpital public en tant que Premier ministre ? « Il y a des problèmes de finances publiques parce qu’on a décidé de remettre beaucoup d’argent dans l’hôpital. » Autrement dit, les soignants, qui tiennent l’hôpital à bout de bras, seraient responsables de la dette ! Non seulement ses propos sont honteux, mais en plus, ils sont faux. Sous Macron, l’hôpital public a été constamment sous-financé, sauf lors de la crise du covid. Depuis 2017, 30 000 lits ont été supprimés. Pour 2026, la Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF) estime qu’il manque 1 milliard d’euros, ce qui empêchera l’ouverture de 20 000 postes d’infirmières. Nous proposons donc de supprimer cet Ondam, parce qu’il est dangereux pour l’hôpital et la santé des Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-31",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-31",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "vaccination::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5234",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5234",
    "5235",
    "5236"
   ],
   "order": 5234,
   "text": "L’article 49 est obligatoire. La commission peut le supprimer pour envoyer un message au Gouvernement, mais il devra être maintenu lors de la discussion en séance publique L’Ondam n’est qu’un objectif, qui est, du reste, souvent dépassé. Qui plus est, en 2026, il progresse encore, puisqu’il atteint un niveau inédit – 270 milliards d’euros, à comparer aux 185 milliards de 2017. Mais sans budget, pas d’augmentation ! Or mieux vaut un OGD PA-PH dont le montant est insuffisant qu’un objectif égal à zéro : toutes les aides à l’investissement seraient bloquées. Qu’il y ait besoin de moyens supplémentaires, c’est évident. Mais on ne peut pas dire que l’Ondam ne croît pas. J’ai hâte de savoir par quelles mesures se traduiront les annonces du Premier ministre – peut-être en savez-vous plus que moi à ce sujet, monsieur Guedj –, car le diable se cache dans les détails. Je vous propose donc de ne pas adopter ces amendements de suppression et d’attendre la séance publique pour vous exprimer.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS84 de Mme Sandrine Runel et AS412 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 166,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p5234",
   "case": "vaccination",
   "annotation_id": "N8e32d9b2643b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’article 49 est obligatoire. La commission peut le supprimer pour envoyer un message au Gouvernement, mais il devra être maintenu lors de la discussion en séance publique L’Ondam n’est qu’un objectif, qui est, du reste, souvent dépassé. Qui plus est, en 2026, il progresse encore, puisqu’il atteint un niveau inédit – 270 milliards d’euros, à comparer aux 185 milliards de 2017. Mais sans budget, pas d’augmentation ! Or mieux vaut un OGD PA-PH dont le montant est insuffisant qu’un objectif égal à zéro : toutes les aides à l’investissement seraient bloquées. Qu’il y ait besoin de moyens supplémentaires, c’est évident. Mais on ne peut pas dire que l’Ondam ne croît pas. J’ai hâte de savoir par quelles mesures se traduiront les annonces du Premier ministre – peut-être en savez-vous plus que moi à ce sujet, monsieur Guedj –, car le diable se cache dans les détails. Je vous propose donc de ne pas adopter ces amendements de suppression et d’attendre la séance publique pour vous exprimer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5399"
   ],
   "order": 5399,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à modifier l’alinéa 9, relatif à l’évaluation de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions. En effet, le Sénat a souhaité mettre l’accent sur les aspects liés à la sécurité, aux nuisances et aux troubles à l’ordre public, en recourant à des termes stigmatisants, alors même que ces critères font déjà partie du cadre d’évaluation existant. Il n’empêche que l’évaluation doit être enrichie, car le contexte de consommation a évolué. Je pense notamment à la hausse des injections de cocaïne – un phénomène nouveau, qui n’était pas analysé jusqu’à présent. Or ce mode de consommation, plus fréquent et plus exigeant, modifie l’organisation des haltes et doit être documenté. Il s’agit d’éclairer le débat public ainsi qu’une éventuelle décision tendant à généraliser le dispositif",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS412 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies : Prolonger de deux ans l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions",
   "article_id": "p5393",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 123,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5399",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "N9991e6993665",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "OQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à modifier l’alinéa 9, relatif à l’évaluation de l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions. En effet, le Sénat a souhaité mettre l’accent sur les aspects liés à la sécurité, aux nuisances et aux troubles à l’ordre public, en recourant à des termes stigmatisants, alors même que ces critères font déjà partie du cadre d’évaluation existant. Il n’empêche que l’évaluation doit être enrichie, car le contexte de consommation a évolué. Je pense notamment à la hausse des injections de cocaïne – un phénomène nouveau, qui n’était pas analysé jusqu’à présent. Or ce mode de consommation, plus fréquent et plus exigeant, modifie l’organisation des haltes et doit être documenté. Il s’agit d’éclairer le débat public ainsi qu’une éventuelle décision tendant à généraliser le dispositif"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5400",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5400"
   ],
   "order": 5400,
   "text": "Il est déjà prévu que le rapport d’évaluation contienne un certain nombre d’éléments relatifs à la santé publique. Le Sénat a voulu ajouter une analyse des retours des forces de l’ordre et des indicateurs liés aux nuisances perçues par les riverains. Le Gouvernement lui-même a reconnu, en première lecture, la nécessité d’une évaluation plus poussée – c’est d’ailleurs ce qui justifie la prolongation de l’expérimentation. Quant à vous, vous souhaitez que soit également étudiée l’évolution des modes de consommation. J’y suis défavorable, parce que nous parlons ici de produits illicites ayant de graves effets sur la santé des personnes concernées. Les haltes soins addictions visent à amoindrir les risques, mais nous ne devons pas perdre de vue l’objectif de limitation de la consommation. Nous avons longuement débattu de cette question en première lecture, et vous avez réussi à faire évoluer ma position, mais je ne pense pas qu’il faille compléter le rapport d’évaluation comme vous le souhaitez",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS412 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies : Prolonger de deux ans l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions",
   "article_id": "p5393",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 157,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5400",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "Nd366840b3cd3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est déjà prévu que le rapport d’évaluation contienne un certain nombre d’éléments relatifs à la santé publique. Le Sénat a voulu ajouter une analyse des retours des forces de l’ordre et des indicateurs liés aux nuisances perçues par les riverains. Le Gouvernement lui-même a reconnu, en première lecture, la nécessité d’une évaluation plus poussée – c’est d’ailleurs ce qui justifie la prolongation de l’expérimentation. Quant à vous, vous souhaitez que soit également étudiée l’évolution des modes de consommation. J’y suis défavorable, parce que nous parlons ici de produits illicites ayant de graves effets sur la santé des personnes concernées. Les haltes soins addictions visent à amoindrir les risques, mais nous ne devons pas perdre de vue l’objectif de limitation de la consommation. Nous avons longuement débattu de cette question en première lecture, et vous avez réussi à faire évoluer ma position, mais je ne pense pas qu’il faille compléter le rapport d’évaluation comme vous le souhaitez"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5401",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5401"
   ],
   "order": 5401,
   "text": "Je ne comprends pas l’argumentation du rapporteur général. Si nous voulons mieux connaître et comprendre les nouveaux modes de consommation, c’est pour mieux les combattre. Cela permet d’adapter la politique de prévention et même le traitement des personnes dépendantes. Nous ne pouvons pas nous passer de ces connaissances, car il y a souvent un décalage entre les mesures mises en œuvre et les nouveaux modes de consommation",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS412 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies : Prolonger de deux ans l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions",
   "article_id": "p5393",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5401",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "N6f54c7727989",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne comprends pas l’argumentation du rapporteur général. Si nous voulons mieux connaître et comprendre les nouveaux modes de consommation, c’est pour mieux les combattre. Cela permet d’adapter la politique de prévention et même le traitement des personnes dépendantes. Nous ne pouvons pas nous passer de ces connaissances, car il y a souvent un décalage entre les mesures mises en œuvre et les nouveaux modes de consommation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5402",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5402"
   ],
   "order": 5402,
   "text": "J’entends ce que vous dites, monsieur Monnet, et je vous rejoins sur ce point : si nous connaissons mieux les nouveaux modes de consommation, nous pourrons mieux les combattre. Cependant l’amendement vise à remplacer l’analyse des retours des forces de l’ordre sur les nuisances, ajoutée par le Sénat afin d’assurer une évaluation complète du dispositif, par une analyse des nouveaux modes de consommation. Cette dernière ne me gêne pas si elle vient en supplément, mais je ne veux pas que soient retirés les éléments apportés par le Sénat, qui me semblent nécessaires à une approche globale. J’invite donc les auteurs de l’amendement AS412 à le retirer et à le réécrire dans ce sens avant de le redéposer en séance",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS412 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies : Prolonger de deux ans l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions",
   "article_id": "p5393",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 119,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5402",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "Ne428429b258a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’entends ce que vous dites, monsieur Monnet, et je vous rejoins sur ce point : si nous connaissons mieux les nouveaux modes de consommation, nous pourrons mieux les combattre. Cependant l’amendement vise à remplacer l’analyse des retours des forces de l’ordre sur les nuisances, ajoutée par le Sénat afin d’assurer une évaluation complète du dispositif, par une analyse des nouveaux modes de consommation. Cette dernière ne me gêne pas si elle vient en supplément, mais je ne veux pas que soient retirés les éléments apportés par le Sénat, qui me semblent nécessaires à une approche globale. J’invite donc les auteurs de l’amendement AS412 à le retirer et à le réécrire dans ce sens avant de le redéposer en séance"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5403",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5403"
   ],
   "order": 5403,
   "text": "J’entends aussi ce que vous dites, monsieur le rapporteur général, mais nous discutons ici d’un PLFSS. Dans ce cadre, la question n’est pas de savoir si les haltes soins addictions suscitent des nuisances sonores ou des troubles à l’ordre public. Nous parlons de santé publique, et non des constats effectués ou des plaintes recueillies par les forces de l’ordre. Nous sommes membres de la commission des affaires sociales, et nous n’examinons pas un texte déposé par le ministère de l’intérieur. Retirons donc les mots ajoutés par le Sénat, qui n’ont rien à faire dans un PLFSS, et préoccupons-nous plutôt des nouveaux modes de consommation. Penchons-nous sur l’usage de la vapoteuse, sur l’utilisation de tampons imbibés de drogue comme suppositoires, sur l’emploi de collyres permettant d’ingérer la drogue par les yeux ou de sprays permettant de la faire passer par le nez. Il est très important de savoir à quoi les gens s’exposent afin de mieux détecter et combattre les addictions",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS412 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies : Prolonger de deux ans l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions",
   "article_id": "p5393",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 160,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5403",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "Nb686715edf8f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’entends aussi ce que vous dites, monsieur le rapporteur général, mais nous discutons ici d’un PLFSS. Dans ce cadre, la question n’est pas de savoir si les haltes soins addictions suscitent des nuisances sonores ou des troubles à l’ordre public. Nous parlons de santé publique, et non des constats effectués ou des plaintes recueillies par les forces de l’ordre. Nous sommes membres de la commission des affaires sociales, et nous n’examinons pas un texte déposé par le ministère de l’intérieur. Retirons donc les mots ajoutés par le Sénat, qui n’ont rien à faire dans un PLFSS, et préoccupons-nous plutôt des nouveaux modes de consommation. Penchons-nous sur l’usage de la vapoteuse, sur l’utilisation de tampons imbibés de drogue comme suppositoires, sur l’emploi de collyres permettant d’ingérer la drogue par les yeux ou de sprays permettant de la faire passer par le nez. Il est très important de savoir à quoi les gens s’exposent afin de mieux détecter et combattre les addictions"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5404",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5404"
   ],
   "order": 5404,
   "text": "Je crois que Mme Amiot n’a pas écouté ce qu’a dit le rapporteur général. Il ne nous appelle pas à choisir entre une analyse et une autre : il est favorable aux deux ! Nous sommes d’accord pour étudier les nouveaux modes de consommation, mais nous devons aussi nous préoccuper de l’acceptabilité de ces haltes soins addictions. Il ne faut pas se voiler la face : le dispositif souffre d’un manque d’acceptabilité. Si nous voulons y remédier, nous devons faire le diagnostic des problèmes posés par ces lieux et tenter de les résoudre",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS412 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies : Prolonger de deux ans l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions",
   "article_id": "p5393",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5404",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "Neac49b7c16fa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je crois que Mme Amiot n’a pas écouté ce qu’a dit le rapporteur général. Il ne nous appelle pas à choisir entre une analyse et une autre : il est favorable aux deux ! Nous sommes d’accord pour étudier les nouveaux modes de consommation, mais nous devons aussi nous préoccuper de l’acceptabilité de ces haltes soins addictions. Il ne faut pas se voiler la face : le dispositif souffre d’un manque d’acceptabilité. Si nous voulons y remédier, nous devons faire le diagnostic des problèmes posés par ces lieux et tenter de les résoudre"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2152@2025-11-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2152",
   "date": "2025-11-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2152.html",
   "source_sha256": "36668a476b61fc3cf9bc6ebb4a8f3e6892c7cff6e9277b9ce3f42b72864af87d",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720154",
   "speaker": "Nicole Dubré-Chirat",
   "quality": "Mme Nicole Dubré-Chirat (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5405",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "5405"
   ],
   "order": 5405,
   "text": "Le Sénat a ajouté des éléments relatifs à la sécurité et aux nuisances. Or la question n’est pas là : les haltes soins addictions répondent à un enjeu de santé publique. Le problème doit être traité en tenant compte des évolutions de la consommation de drogues diverses et variées. L’ajout du Sénat n’a donc aucun intérêt",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS412 de M. Hendrik Davi",
   "article": "Article 20 sexies : Prolonger de deux ans l’expérimentation des haltes soins addictions",
   "article_id": "p5393",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2152-p5405",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "Nbb9371af5482",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le Sénat a ajouté des éléments relatifs à la sécurité et aux nuisances. Or la question n’est pas là : les haltes soins addictions répondent à un enjeu de santé publique. Le problème doit être traité en tenant compte des évolutions de la consommation de drogues diverses et variées. L’ajout du Sénat n’a donc aucun intérêt"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1992",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1992",
    "1993",
    "1994",
    "1995"
   ],
   "order": 1992,
   "text": "Ces amendements ont deux objectifs : œuvrer pour le bien commun, en évitant des accidents du travail, des blessures, des meurtrissures du corps ou de l’esprit ; et résoudre les contradictions existant au sein du socle pas très commun Pour l’heure, les cotisations AT-MP sont calculées en prenant en compte la survenue effective d’accidents du travail. Nous proposons d’intégrer également les pratiques pathogènes et accidentogènes, c’est-à-dire de tenir compte des risques, en plus du danger concrétisé. Depuis des années, tout le monde se gargarise autour de la prévention, ce qui est une bonne chose. Par ces amendements, nous proposons d’en faire, en n’attendant pas que des gens soient blessés pour assujettir certaines entreprises à des cotisations plus importantes et, à l’inverse, en récompensant celles qui font des efforts en ce domaine. Tout à l’heure, un collègue du groupe EPR disait connaître un abattoir mécanisé. Très bien ! Avec notre dispositif, le montant de ses cotisations baisserait. D’ailleurs, je m’étonne que l’incitation financière soit censée fonctionner pour les très riches et le patronat, qui doit créer des emplois grâce aux exonérations sociales, mais pas quand il s’agit de protéger les gens.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS151 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS542 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 190,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1992",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "N91275c116eb4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements ont deux objectifs : œuvrer pour le bien commun, en évitant des accidents du travail, des blessures, des meurtrissures du corps ou de l’esprit ; et résoudre les contradictions existant au sein du socle pas très commun Pour l’heure, les cotisations AT-MP sont calculées en prenant en compte la survenue effective d’accidents du travail. Nous proposons d’intégrer également les pratiques pathogènes et accidentogènes, c’est-à-dire de tenir compte des risques, en plus du danger concrétisé. Depuis des années, tout le monde se gargarise autour de la prévention, ce qui est une bonne chose. Par ces amendements, nous proposons d’en faire, en n’attendant pas que des gens soient blessés pour assujettir certaines entreprises à des cotisations plus importantes et, à l’inverse, en récompensant celles qui font des efforts en ce domaine. Tout à l’heure, un collègue du groupe [GROUPE] disait connaître un abattoir mécanisé. Très bien ! Avec notre dispositif, le montant de ses cotisations baisserait. D’ailleurs, je m’étonne que l’incitation financière soit censée fonctionner pour les très riches et le patronat, qui doit créer des emplois grâce aux exonérations sociales, mais pas quand il s’agit de protéger les gens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1996",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1996",
    "1997"
   ],
   "order": 1996,
   "text": "Concernant le taux des cotisations AT-MP, il y a, d’un côté, la tarification collective, qui prend en compte les pratiques d’un secteur dans son ensemble, et de l’autre, la situation individuelle des entreprises, avec la sinistralité. Par ces amendements, vous souhaitez intégrer l’aspect individuel dans la tarification collective, ce qui ne me semble pas praticable. D’ailleurs, l’accord national interprofessionnel du 9 décembre 2020 relatif à une prévention renforcée combine une approche collective par secteur et ce qui relève du comportement des entreprises En outre, je rappelle que les entreprises de plus de cinquante salariés doivent établir, en lien avec le comité social et économique, un document unique d’évaluation des risques et de prévention (Duerp), autre outil de prévention primaire dans les entreprises.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS151 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS542 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 122,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1996",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "Nb00987a2c826",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Concernant le taux des cotisations AT-MP, il y a, d’un côté, la tarification collective, qui prend en compte les pratiques d’un secteur dans son ensemble, et de l’autre, la situation individuelle des entreprises, avec la sinistralité. Par ces amendements, vous souhaitez intégrer l’aspect individuel dans la tarification collective, ce qui ne me semble pas praticable. D’ailleurs, l’accord national interprofessionnel du 9 décembre 2020 relatif à une prévention renforcée combine une approche collective par secteur et ce qui relève du comportement des entreprises En outre, je rappelle que les entreprises de plus de cinquante salariés doivent établir, en lien avec le comité social et économique, un document unique d’évaluation des risques et de prévention (Duerp), autre outil de prévention primaire dans les entreprises."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA736201",
   "speaker": "Sophie Taillé-Polian",
   "quality": "Mme Sophie Taillé-Polian (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1998",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1998"
   ],
   "order": 1998,
   "text": "Notre groupe votera ces amendements, qui vont dans le bon sens. Quand les salariés sont mis en situation dangereuse, on doit augmenter le montant des cotisations de manière anticipée, afin d’inciter les entreprises à adopter des politiques de réduction des risques. Comme Jérôme Guedj, je pense aux horaires atypiques, qui nuisent à la vie sociale et à la santé, mais qui ne font l’objet d’aucune majoration financière, ni de congés de compensation",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS151 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS542 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "direct",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1998",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "N3964a29a8443",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre groupe votera ces amendements, qui vont dans le bon sens. Quand les salariés sont mis en situation dangereuse, on doit augmenter le montant des cotisations de manière anticipée, afin d’inciter les entreprises à adopter des politiques de réduction des risques. Comme [PERSONNE], je pense aux horaires atypiques, qui nuisent à la vie sociale et à la santé, mais qui ne font l’objet d’aucune majoration financière, ni de congés de compensation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1999",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1999",
    "2000"
   ],
   "order": 1999,
   "text": "Je vais prendre un cas concret, pour que vous compreniez l’intérêt de ces amendements. Les salariés du site ArcelorMittal de Fos-sur-Mer luttent pour faire reconnaître leur exposition à l’amiante, ayant récemment découvert que leur entreprise leur avait caché qu’il y en avait absolument partout. Ils ont d’ailleurs observé qu’un certain nombre de salariés employés depuis longtemps avaient contracté, par exemple, des cancers de la plèvre. En incluant les sous-traitants, 3 700 personnes travaillent sur ce site, ce qui vous donne une idée du problème. La reconnaissance de leur exposition à l’amiante et, partant, de la responsabilité de l’entreprise vis-à-vis de leurs maladies professionnelles va coûter extrêmement cher. C’est précisément pour cette raison que je veux qu’ArcelorMittal ait personnellement à financer ce coût, au travers de la branche AT-MP Voilà pourquoi ces amendements ont tout leur sens. Les industries qui exposent massivement des travailleurs à des risques doivent voir leur responsabilité individuelle engagée.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS151 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS542 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 152,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p1999",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "N39af5b856442",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais prendre un cas concret, pour que vous compreniez l’intérêt de ces amendements. Les salariés du site ArcelorMittal de Fos-sur-Mer luttent pour faire reconnaître leur exposition à l’amiante, ayant récemment découvert que leur entreprise leur avait caché qu’il y en avait absolument partout. Ils ont d’ailleurs observé qu’un certain nombre de salariés employés depuis longtemps avaient contracté, par exemple, des cancers de la plèvre. En incluant les sous-traitants, 3 700 personnes travaillent sur ce site, ce qui vous donne une idée du problème. La reconnaissance de leur exposition à l’amiante et, partant, de la responsabilité de l’entreprise vis-à-vis de leurs maladies professionnelles va coûter extrêmement cher. C’est précisément pour cette raison que je veux qu’ArcelorMittal ait personnellement à financer ce coût, au travers de la branche AT-MP Voilà pourquoi ces amendements ont tout leur sens. Les industries qui exposent massivement des travailleurs à des risques doivent voir leur responsabilité individuelle engagée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2001",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "2001",
    "2002"
   ],
   "order": 2001,
   "text": "L’exemple cité par M. Boyard est très parlant et montre que toutes les entreprises ne sont pas vertueuses. Certaines font des efforts, beaucoup même, mais d’autres n’en ont rien à faire et se reposent sur les cotisations collectives de branche pour réduire le risque pour elles-mêmes Je rappelle aussi qu’ont été supprimés les comités d’hygiène, de sécurité et des conditions de travail, dont les membres, grâce à leur fine connaissance des outils de production et de l’entreprise dans son ensemble, pouvaient protéger leur santé et celle de leurs collègues. En l’absence de ces instances, les entreprises ne disposent plus des alertes, ni des lanceurs d’alerte, pour éviter l’exposition aux risques. Il convient donc de trouver un système au sein duquel chacun assumerait la responsabilité de ses actes.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS151 de M. Jérôme Guedj et AS542 de M. Damien Maudet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 127,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p2001",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "N5531dd48efca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’exemple cité par M. Boyard est très parlant et montre que toutes les entreprises ne sont pas vertueuses. Certaines font des efforts, beaucoup même, mais d’autres n’en ont rien à faire et se reposent sur les cotisations collectives de branche pour réduire le risque pour elles-mêmes Je rappelle aussi qu’ont été supprimés les comités d’hygiène, de sécurité et des conditions de travail, dont les membres, grâce à leur fine connaissance des outils de production et de l’entreprise dans son ensemble, pouvaient protéger leur santé et celle de leurs collègues. En l’absence de ces instances, les entreprises ne disposent plus des alertes, ni des lanceurs d’alerte, pour éviter l’exposition aux risques. Il convient donc de trouver un système au sein duquel chacun assumerait la responsabilité de ses actes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3673",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3673",
    "3674",
    "3675"
   ],
   "order": 3673,
   "text": "Sur le fond je ne peux que vous rejoindre : nous avons besoin de visibilité. C’est toute la logique des Cpom. Pour planifier et piloter, il faut formuler des objectifs en prenant en compte les besoins des territoires, puis déployer les moyens nécessaires. Or le pilotage de notre système de santé pose problème. L’Ondam, notamment, n’est pas forcément un outil adéquat Toutefois, il ne suffit pas de décréter que la programmation doit être pluriannuelle pour que cela fonctionne. Il faudrait sans doute mener une réforme d’ensemble, y compris de la loi organique. Peut-être pourriez-vous retirer ces amendements, pour les redéposer en séance publique, afin d’en débattre avec le Gouvernement ? En attendant, je m’en remets à la sagesse de la commission.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS246 de Mme Justine Gruet et AS1247 de Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "contexte",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3673",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "Nce058e515e41",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fond je ne peux que vous rejoindre : nous avons besoin de visibilité. C’est toute la logique des Cpom. Pour planifier et piloter, il faut formuler des objectifs en prenant en compte les besoins des territoires, puis déployer les moyens nécessaires. Or le pilotage de notre système de santé pose problème. L’Ondam, notamment, n’est pas forcément un outil adéquat Toutefois, il ne suffit pas de décréter que la programmation doit être pluriannuelle pour que cela fonctionne. Il faudrait sans doute mener une réforme d’ensemble, y compris de la loi organique. Peut-être pourriez-vous retirer ces amendements, pour les redéposer en séance publique, afin d’en débattre avec le Gouvernement ? En attendant, je m’en remets à la sagesse de la commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII@2025-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII",
   "date": "2025-10-29",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII.html",
   "source_sha256": "2129aa0ea210d509f9ace5d3a3e01c544735147e980a1843b6ad74c5fa1700f4",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795108",
   "speaker": "Élise Leboucher",
   "quality": "Mme Élise Leboucher (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "addictions::RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3678",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "3678",
    "3679"
   ],
   "order": 3678,
   "text": "À l’issue d’un travail avec les associations concernées, nous proposons de créer des espaces dédiés exclusivement aux femmes dans les centres d’accueil et d’accompagnement à la réduction des risques pour usagers de drogues (Caarud). Ces établissements médico-sociaux qui accueillent les usagers de drogues sont des acteurs de première ligne en matière de réduction et de prévention des risques sanitaires et psychosociaux. Ils jouent également un rôle souvent essentiel dans l’accès aux soins Cependant, les Caarud sont principalement fréquentés par des hommes. Seules 20 % des personnes accueillies en 2019 étaient des femmes. Plusieurs facteurs l’expliquent, dont la crainte de subir des violences sexistes ou sexuelles, les représentations stéréotypées de la consommation de drogues, ou le fait que le matériel mis à disposition dans ces espaces est plus souvent adapté à la consommation des hommes qu’à celle des femmes. Pourtant, les femmes sont elles aussi concernées par la consommation de drogues et doivent pouvoir bénéficier d’espaces de réduction des risques, au même titre que les hommes.",
   "top": "Projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2026",
   "section": "Amendement AS635 de M. Hadrien Clouet",
   "article": "Article 54 Objectif de dépenses de la branche autonomie",
   "article_id": "p132",
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   "words": 165,
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   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2057-tIII-p3678",
   "case": "addictions",
   "annotation_id": "N8d7036e145c4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À l’issue d’un travail avec les associations concernées, nous proposons de créer des espaces dédiés exclusivement aux femmes dans les centres d’accueil et d’accompagnement à la réduction des risques pour usagers de drogues (Caarud). Ces établissements médico-sociaux qui accueillent les usagers de drogues sont des acteurs de première ligne en matière de réduction et de prévention des risques sanitaires et psychosociaux. Ils jouent également un rôle souvent essentiel dans l’accès aux soins Cependant, les Caarud sont principalement fréquentés par des hommes. Seules 20 % des personnes accueillies en 2019 étaient des femmes. Plusieurs facteurs l’expliquent, dont la crainte de subir des violences sexistes ou sexuelles, les représentations stéréotypées de la consommation de drogues, ou le fait que le matériel mis à disposition dans ces espaces est plus souvent adapté à la consommation des hommes qu’à celle des femmes. Pourtant, les femmes sont elles aussi concernées par la consommation de drogues et doivent pouvoir bénéficier d’espaces de réduction des risques, au même titre que les hommes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Garot, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p441",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "442",
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    "446",
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    "449",
    "450",
    "451",
    "452",
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    "456"
   ],
   "order": 441,
   "text": "Nous sommes nombreux, et depuis longtemps, à alerter sur l’urgence de la désertification médicale, qui crée une inégalité majeure. Certains de nos concitoyens n’ont plus de médecin. Ils sont en situation de détresse, après que leur médecin généraliste est parti à la retraite sans être remplacé. Ils mettent des semaines, voire des mois, à obtenir un rendez-vous chez un spécialiste Pour 8 millions de Françaises et de Français, la situation n’est plus supportable, faute de médecin traitant, voire de médecin tout court. Des départements entiers sont dépourvus de certains praticiens, comme les gynécologues. En bout de chaîne, les urgences craquent sous la pression de patients qui n’ont plus d’autre choix pour se soigner. Dans un pays où le droit à la santé a valeur constitutionnelle, l’urgence grandit, parce que toutes les solutions expérimentées depuis tant d’années ne suffisent plus. Et force est de constater que nous avons laissé se créer, ici des concentrations de médecins, là des déserts. Dans les Hautes-Alpes, le nombre de médecins généralistes par habitant est trois fois supérieur à celui de l’Eure-et-Loir. À Paris, le nombre d’ophtalmologues et de pédiatres par habitant est dix-sept fois supérieur à celui de la Creuse. À Paris, encore le nombre de dermatologues par habitant est vingt et une fois supérieur à celui de la Meuse. Surtout, ces inégalités entre les territoires, et donc entre les patients, se sont aggravées. Entre 2010 et 2023, le nombre de médecins par habitant a diminué de 15,7 % dans la Creuse, de 12,3 % dans l’Indre, de 13,3 % dans le Gers. Dans le même temps, ce nombre a augmenté de 27,9 % dans les Hautes-Alpes, de 22,6 % dans les Pyrénées-Atlantiques et de 21,5 % en Haute‑Savoie. Que pouvons-nous faire ? Je m’exprime au nom du groupe de travail transpartisan créé en juillet 2022, qui a procédé à des dizaines d’auditions et a visité plus de vingt départements, dans le cadre d’un tour de France. Notre proposition de loi repose sur la conviction qu’il n’y a pas de remède miracle. Personne n’a de baguette magique. Nous avons besoin d’une combinaison de réponses. Le constat n’est pas nouveau, notre démographie médicale est mal en point. Nous avons perdu 7 000 médecins généralistes libéraux en dix ans, alors que la population continue de croître et de vieillir. Si nous ne faisons rien, nous vivrons des moments très difficiles. À l’horizon 2032, près de 30 % des médecins généralistes en activité, soit plus de 33 000 praticiens, seront partis en retraite. C’est donc maintenant qu’il faut agir. Il serait faux de dire que rien n’a été fait. Une politique très incitative a été développée depuis une vingtaine d’années et s’est même considérablement enrichie au cours des dix dernières années. Nous avons favorisé les structures d’exercice coordonné comme les maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles (MSP) ou les centres de santé. Nous avons voté des aides fiscales et sociales à l’installation des médecins, avec à la clé des chèques substantiels. Nous avons favorisé la poursuite d’activité des médecins en âge de prendre leur retraite. Nous avons mis fin au numerus clausus – c’était une excellente mesure, soutenue par tous. Nous avons financé des postes d’assistants médicaux et créé des guichets uniques. Et pourtant, les inégalités d’accès aux médecins ne cessent de croître. Ce n’est pas moi ou le groupe transpartisan qui le dit, mais la direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees), qui dépend notamment du ministère de la santé. Dans une étude de décembre 2024, celle-ci établit que les inégalités d’accès aux médecins généralistes entre les 10 % de la population les mieux dotés et les 10 % de la population les moins bien dotés ont augmenté de 5 % entre 2022 et 2023. Elle démontre ainsi que les politiques d’incitation ne suffisent plus. C’est un échec collectif, dans lequel je prends ma part – j’ai participé à des gouvernements et à des majorités qui ont créé les politiques en vigueur. La présente proposition de loi d’initiative transpartisane, cosignée par 256 d’entre nous, vise à actionner quatre leviers, à travers quatre articles. Elle peut nous rassembler. À l’article 1er, nous proposons la régulation de l’installation des médecins. Beaucoup a été dit à ce sujet ; rappelons le principe. Dans les zones sous‑dotées, dont nous ne manquons pas, une autorisation préalable à l’installation ou à l’exercice des médecins serait délivrée par l’agence régionale de santé (ARS) de manière automatique. En revanche, dans les zones suffisamment dotées, la délivrance d’une telle autorisation serait subordonnée à l’arrêt d’activité d’un médecin. La liberté d’installation continuera ainsi de prévaloir. Le principe n’est pas remis en cause, mais simplement aménagé, encadré, au nom de l’intérêt général. Certains ont parlé de coercition. Qu’ils soient rassurés : il ne s’agit pas d’affecter les médecins généralistes ou spécialistes de manière autoritaire. Nous proposons tout simplement un dispositif jumeau de celui appliqué depuis le 1er janvier pour les chirurgiens-dentistes, sans poser de difficultés. Nous éviterons ainsi la concentration de médecins là où ils ne sont pas utiles. S’agissant du deuxième levier, l’article 2 vise à supprimer la majoration du tarif de consultation pour les patients dépourvus de médecin traitant. Cette mesure avait été prise pour faire du médecin traitant le pivot du système de santé – rôle que nous ne remettons pas en cause, tout au contraire. Toutefois, elle crée une double peine incompréhensible pour les 6 millions de Français ne parvenant pas à trouver un médecin traitant, dont 472 000 sont atteints de maladies chroniques. L’article 3 vise à garantir dans chaque département, notamment dans les zones sous‑dotées, un cursus minimal de première année de formation médicale. L’Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, dans un rapport de novembre 2024, a rappelé que 50 % des médecins généralistes formés en 2000 exerçaient en 2019, à moins de 85 kilomètres de leur commune de naissance et 50 % à moins de 43 kilomètres de leur université d’internat. En permettant aux jeunes issus du milieu rural de se former non loin du lieu où ils ont grandi, nous favoriserons leur installation dans les territoires dont ils sont originaires. Cela permettra aussi de casser l’inégalité sociale d’accès aux études de médecine. Beaucoup de jeunes, en effet, s’interdisent ces études longues, faute de pouvoir disposer du soutien financier de leur famille pendant plusieurs années. Qu’ils sachent que nous leur donnons leur chance, que nous serons à leurs côtés, pour qu’ils engagent leurs études universitaires de médecine près de chez eux. Nous répondrons ainsi à un impératif d’intérêt général et nous redonnerons de l’espoir à toute une génération. L’article 4 vise à rétablir une permanence de soins ambulatoire pour les médecins installés en ville. Actuellement, près d’un médecin généraliste sur deux ne réalise jamais de permanence. Pour l’année 2022, à peine 25 % des médecins concentrent 82 % des honoraires de garde, ce qui révèle la suractivité et, parfois, l’épuisement de certains, qui se plaignent de la dureté croissante de leur situation. Bien sûr, nous entendons la voix des opposants au présent texte. Mais nous entendons aussi chaque semaine, dans nos circonscriptions, la voix de ceux qui n’ont plus de médecins, qui sont angoissés, en détresse, et comptent sur nous pour trouver et appliquer des solutions. Nous sommes au début du processus parlementaire ; nous pouvons améliorer le texte, l’enrichir par voie d’amendements – je formulerai plusieurs propositions ce matin. Nous sommes tous chargés de défendre l’intérêt général. Nous avons la responsabilité d’avancer, de garantir que le pacte républicain sera respecté, et de faire en sorte que nul ne se sente abandonné par la République, comme c’est trop souvent le cas. Notre santé ne doit plus dépendre de notre code postal.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1276,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p441",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Naa3bc604ff47",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes nombreux, et depuis longtemps, à alerter sur l’urgence de la désertification médicale, qui crée une inégalité majeure. Certains de nos concitoyens n’ont plus de médecin. Ils sont en situation de détresse, après que leur médecin généraliste est parti à la retraite sans être remplacé. Ils mettent des semaines, voire des mois, à obtenir un rendez-vous chez un spécialiste Pour 8 millions de Françaises et de Français, la situation n’est plus supportable, faute de médecin traitant, voire de médecin tout court. Des départements entiers sont dépourvus de certains praticiens, comme les gynécologues. En bout de chaîne, les urgences craquent sous la pression de patients qui n’ont plus d’autre choix pour se soigner. Dans un pays où le droit à la santé a valeur constitutionnelle, l’urgence grandit, parce que toutes les solutions expérimentées depuis tant d’années ne suffisent plus. Et force est de constater que nous avons laissé se créer, ici des concentrations de médecins, là des déserts. Dans les Hautes-Alpes, le nombre de médecins généralistes par habitant est trois fois supérieur à celui de l’Eure-et-Loir. À Paris, le nombre d’ophtalmologues et de pédiatres par habitant est dix-sept fois supérieur à celui de la Creuse. À Paris, encore le nombre de dermatologues par habitant est vingt et une fois supérieur à celui de la Meuse. Surtout, ces inégalités entre les territoires, et donc entre les patients, se sont aggravées. Entre 2010 et 2023, le nombre de médecins par habitant a diminué de 15,7 % dans la Creuse, de 12,3 % dans l’Indre, de 13,3 % dans le Gers. Dans le même temps, ce nombre a augmenté de 27,9 % dans les Hautes-Alpes, de 22,6 % dans les Pyrénées-Atlantiques et de 21,5 % en Haute‑Savoie. Que pouvons-nous faire ? Je m’exprime au nom du groupe de travail transpartisan créé en juillet 2022, qui a procédé à des dizaines d’auditions et a visité plus de vingt départements, dans le cadre d’un tour de France. Notre proposition de loi repose sur la conviction qu’il n’y a pas de remède miracle. Personne n’a de baguette magique. Nous avons besoin d’une combinaison de réponses. Le constat n’est pas nouveau, notre démographie médicale est mal en point. Nous avons perdu 7 000 médecins généralistes libéraux en dix ans, alors que la population continue de croître et de vieillir. Si nous ne faisons rien, nous vivrons des moments très difficiles. À l’horizon 2032, près de 30 % des médecins généralistes en activité, soit plus de 33 000 praticiens, seront partis en retraite. C’est donc maintenant qu’il faut agir. Il serait faux de dire que rien n’a été fait. Une politique très incitative a été développée depuis une vingtaine d’années et s’est même considérablement enrichie au cours des dix dernières années. Nous avons favorisé les structures d’exercice coordonné comme les maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles (MSP) ou les centres de santé. Nous avons voté des aides fiscales et sociales à l’installation des médecins, avec à la clé des chèques substantiels. Nous avons favorisé la poursuite d’activité des médecins en âge de prendre leur retraite. Nous avons mis fin au numerus clausus – c’était une excellente mesure, soutenue par tous. Nous avons financé des postes d’assistants médicaux et créé des guichets uniques. Et pourtant, les inégalités d’accès aux médecins ne cessent de croître. Ce n’est pas moi ou le groupe transpartisan qui le dit, mais la direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees), qui dépend notamment du ministère de la santé. Dans une étude de décembre 2024, celle-ci établit que les inégalités d’accès aux médecins généralistes entre les 10 % de la population les mieux dotés et les 10 % de la population les moins bien dotés ont augmenté de 5 % entre 2022 et 2023. Elle démontre ainsi que les politiques d’incitation ne suffisent plus. C’est un échec collectif, dans lequel je prends ma part – j’ai participé à des gouvernements et à des majorités qui ont créé les politiques en vigueur. La présente proposition de loi d’initiative transpartisane, cosignée par 256 d’entre nous, vise à actionner quatre leviers, à travers quatre articles. Elle peut nous rassembler. À l’article 1er, nous proposons la régulation de l’installation des médecins. Beaucoup a été dit à ce sujet ; rappelons le principe. Dans les zones sous‑dotées, dont nous ne manquons pas, une autorisation préalable à l’installation ou à l’exercice des médecins serait délivrée par l’agence régionale de santé (ARS) de manière automatique. En revanche, dans les zones suffisamment dotées, la délivrance d’une telle autorisation serait subordonnée à l’arrêt d’activité d’un médecin. La liberté d’installation continuera ainsi de prévaloir. Le principe n’est pas remis en cause, mais simplement aménagé, encadré, au nom de l’intérêt général. Certains ont parlé de coercition. Qu’ils soient rassurés : il ne s’agit pas d’affecter les médecins généralistes ou spécialistes de manière autoritaire. Nous proposons tout simplement un dispositif jumeau de celui appliqué depuis le 1er janvier pour les chirurgiens-dentistes, sans poser de difficultés. Nous éviterons ainsi la concentration de médecins là où ils ne sont pas utiles. S’agissant du deuxième levier, l’article 2 vise à supprimer la majoration du tarif de consultation pour les patients dépourvus de médecin traitant. Cette mesure avait été prise pour faire du médecin traitant le pivot du système de santé – rôle que nous ne remettons pas en cause, tout au contraire. Toutefois, elle crée une double peine incompréhensible pour les 6 millions de Français ne parvenant pas à trouver un médecin traitant, dont 472 000 sont atteints de maladies chroniques. L’article 3 vise à garantir dans chaque département, notamment dans les zones sous‑dotées, un cursus minimal de première année de formation médicale. L’Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, dans un rapport de novembre 2024, a rappelé que 50 % des médecins généralistes formés en 2000 exerçaient en 2019, à moins de 85 kilomètres de leur commune de naissance et 50 % à moins de 43 kilomètres de leur université d’internat. En permettant aux jeunes issus du milieu rural de se former non loin du lieu où ils ont grandi, nous favoriserons leur installation dans les territoires dont ils sont originaires. Cela permettra aussi de casser l’inégalité sociale d’accès aux études de médecine. Beaucoup de jeunes, en effet, s’interdisent ces études longues, faute de pouvoir disposer du soutien financier de leur famille pendant plusieurs années. Qu’ils sachent que nous leur donnons leur chance, que nous serons à leurs côtés, pour qu’ils engagent leurs études universitaires de médecine près de chez eux. Nous répondrons ainsi à un impératif d’intérêt général et nous redonnerons de l’espoir à toute une génération. L’article 4 vise à rétablir une permanence de soins ambulatoire pour les médecins installés en ville. Actuellement, près d’un médecin généraliste sur deux ne réalise jamais de permanence. Pour l’année 2022, à peine 25 % des médecins concentrent 82 % des honoraires de garde, ce qui révèle la suractivité et, parfois, l’épuisement de certains, qui se plaignent de la dureté croissante de leur situation. Bien sûr, nous entendons la voix des opposants au présent texte. Mais nous entendons aussi chaque semaine, dans nos circonscriptions, la voix de ceux qui n’ont plus de médecins, qui sont angoissés, en détresse, et comptent sur nous pour trouver et appliquer des solutions. Nous sommes au début du processus parlementaire ; nous pouvons améliorer le texte, l’enrichir par voie d’amendements – je formulerai plusieurs propositions ce matin. Nous sommes tous chargés de défendre l’intérêt général. Nous avons la responsabilité d’avancer, de garantir que le pacte républicain sera respecté, et de faire en sorte que nul ne se sente abandonné par la République, comme c’est trop souvent le cas. Notre santé ne doit plus dépendre de notre code postal."
  },
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   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
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   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
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   ],
   "order": 458,
   "text": "La désertification médicale française a plusieurs origines. Il faut y apporter une réponse globale. Or votre texte ne propose que des réponses partielles, certaines positives, d’autres négatives La France traverse une situation critique. C’est un échec collectif, pour lequel vous avez votre part de responsabilité, vous l’avez vous-même reconnu. Cette proposition de loi comporte des avancées et des écueils. Commençons par ces derniers. Vous évoquez, à propos de l’article 1er, une mesure de régulation. Je maintiens que c’est une forme de coercition. C’est une fausse bonne idée et ce n’est pas la solution adaptée. L’autorisation d’installation des médecins ne doit surtout pas être délivrée par les ARS, qui constituent le pire échelon, celui, par excellence, de la déconnexion. La mesure coercitive que vous proposez impliquerait beaucoup d’effets pervers et aurait les conséquences inverses de celles que vous recherchez, parce qu’elle nuirait à l’attractivité de la profession de médecin. Nous approuvons la suppression de la majoration des tarifs pour les millions de Français n’ayant pas de médecin traitant, prévue à l’article 2. Elle corrigera une injustice sociale. La décentralisation de la formation prévue à l’article 3 est la bonne idée de cette proposition de loi. Il faut effectivement faire confiance aux territoires, notamment ruraux. Nous sommes sceptiques concernant les permanences de soins prévues à l’article 4. Ces permanences existent déjà, même si elles ne sont que partiellement appliquées et votre dispositif est peut-être trop contraignant. Nous subordonnerons donc notre vote sur ce dispositif à l’adoption de nos amendements à cet article.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 250,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p458",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N05ffa9c32372",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La désertification médicale française a plusieurs origines. Il faut y apporter une réponse globale. Or votre texte ne propose que des réponses partielles, certaines positives, d’autres négatives La France traverse une situation critique. C’est un échec collectif, pour lequel vous avez votre part de responsabilité, vous l’avez vous-même reconnu. Cette proposition de loi comporte des avancées et des écueils. Commençons par ces derniers. Vous évoquez, à propos de l’article 1er, une mesure de régulation. Je maintiens que c’est une forme de coercition. C’est une fausse bonne idée et ce n’est pas la solution adaptée. L’autorisation d’installation des médecins ne doit surtout pas être délivrée par les ARS, qui constituent le pire échelon, celui, par excellence, de la déconnexion. La mesure coercitive que vous proposez impliquerait beaucoup d’effets pervers et aurait les conséquences inverses de celles que vous recherchez, parce qu’elle nuirait à l’attractivité de la profession de médecin. Nous approuvons la suppression de la majoration des tarifs pour les millions de Français n’ayant pas de médecin traitant, prévue à l’article 2. Elle corrigera une injustice sociale. La décentralisation de la formation prévue à l’article 3 est la bonne idée de cette proposition de loi. Il faut effectivement faire confiance aux territoires, notamment ruraux. Nous sommes sceptiques concernant les permanences de soins prévues à l’article 4. Ces permanences existent déjà, même si elles ne sont que partiellement appliquées et votre dispositif est peut-être trop contraignant. Nous subordonnerons donc notre vote sur ce dispositif à l’adoption de nos amendements à cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "465",
    "466",
    "467",
    "468",
    "469"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "Je sais que vous travaillez depuis longtemps sur cette proposition de loi. Notre groupe soutient évidemment son objectif, celui de lutter contre les déserts médicaux. Qui pourrait être contre ? Le problème concerne tous nos concitoyens, très inquiets devant les difficultés d’accès aux soins Notre groupe souhaite débattre du présent texte, afin d’expliquer pourquoi, selon nous, certains de ses articles aggraveront la situation au lieu de l’améliorer. Il ne faut pas supprimer la médecine de ville libérale ; or, selon nous, c’est ce que prévoit la présente proposition de loi. Nous ne partageons pas votre postulat de départ, selon lequel les médecins seraient trop nombreux dans certaines zones de notre pays. Qu’en pensent les députés de Dijon, de Lyon, de Caen, de Limoges, où de nouvelles installations seraient dorénavant impossibles à moins d’un départ à la retraite ? Notre groupe considère qu’il n’y a pas suffisamment de médecins dans notre pays, qu’il faut en former beaucoup plus. Nous avons commencé à le faire, en supprimant le numerus clausus. Il faut continuer à libérer du temps médical en faisant appliquer les lois adoptées ici à l’unanimité, et en prenant d’autres mesures en ce sens, à travers la responsabilisation des différents acteurs. Notre groupe ne soutiendra donc pas l’article 1er, mais veut en débattre, comme du reste de la proposition de loi. Ma vision personnelle est très opposée à la vôtre. Au contraire de vous, je considère qu’il faut encourager la multiplication des installations en médecine de ville libérale, pour améliorer l’accès aux soins.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 252,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p465",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N4f962335b568",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je sais que vous travaillez depuis longtemps sur cette proposition de loi. Notre groupe soutient évidemment son objectif, celui de lutter contre les déserts médicaux. Qui pourrait être contre ? Le problème concerne tous nos concitoyens, très inquiets devant les difficultés d’accès aux soins Notre groupe souhaite débattre du présent texte, afin d’expliquer pourquoi, selon nous, certains de ses articles aggraveront la situation au lieu de l’améliorer. Il ne faut pas supprimer la médecine de ville libérale ; or, selon nous, c’est ce que prévoit la présente proposition de loi. Nous ne partageons pas votre postulat de départ, selon lequel les médecins seraient trop nombreux dans certaines zones de notre pays. Qu’en pensent les députés de Dijon, de Lyon, de Caen, de Limoges, où de nouvelles installations seraient dorénavant impossibles à moins d’un départ à la retraite ? Notre groupe considère qu’il n’y a pas suffisamment de médecins dans notre pays, qu’il faut en former beaucoup plus. Nous avons commencé à le faire, en supprimant le numerus clausus. Il faut continuer à libérer du temps médical en faisant appliquer les lois adoptées ici à l’unanimité, et en prenant d’autres mesures en ce sens, à travers la responsabilisation des différents acteurs. Notre groupe ne soutiendra donc pas l’article 1er, mais veut en débattre, comme du reste de la proposition de loi. Ma vision personnelle est très opposée à la vôtre. Au contraire de vous, je considère qu’il faut encourager la multiplication des installations en médecine de ville libérale, pour améliorer l’accès aux soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p470",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "470",
    "471",
    "472",
    "473",
    "474",
    "475"
   ],
   "order": 470,
   "text": "Je vous remercie pour cette excellente proposition de loi. Actuellement, dix-huit départements comptent autant que médecins que les quatre‑vingt‑trois autres. Le nombre de médecins par habitant varie presque de 1 à 10, y compris entre départements – il est de 1,65 ‰ dans l’Eure, mais quasiment de 9 ‰ à Paris Comment en sommes-nous arrivés là ? Jusqu’aux années 1980, la mobilisation pour limiter le nombre de praticiens a été importante, y compris de la part de l’Ordre des médecins. On évoquait à l’époque une pléthore médicale. Certaines corporations ont demandé l’instauration d’un numerus clausus. Or nous avons rapidement constaté un manque croissant de médecins en certains lieux, lié au vieillissement des médecins généralistes, au démantèlement des services publics de proximité et à la réduction du temps de travail des médecins – qui est normale ; ces derniers ont raison de souhaiter travailler moins que les générations précédentes, pour s’occuper de leurs enfants et profiter de leur famille. Désormais, 30 % des jeunes médecins s’installent hors des aires d’attraction des villes, où réside pourtant 40 % de la population, sa partie la plus paupérisée, la plus âgée, celle qui a le plus besoin de soins. L’inégalité d’accès aux soins augmente. L’écart d’accessibilité aux médecins s’est creusé de 5 % entre les 10 % de nos compatriotes les mieux dotés et les 10 % les moins bien dotés depuis 2022. Dans le même temps, l’écart d’accessibilité n’a pas cru pour les professions dont l’installation est régulée, notamment les infirmières, les kinésithérapeutes. Que faire ? Certains évoquent des incitations financières. Mais nous avons déjà essayé les primes, les contrats d’aide à l’installation, les majorations d’honoraires, les contrats de solidarité territoriale – qui ont eu un succès record, avec seulement vingt-huit signataires –, les contrats de transition et de stabilisation et le pacte territoire santé. Rien de tout cela n’a produit d’effet notable, même si nous ne pouvons pas dire que rien n’a été fait – nous vous avons par exemple accompagné dans l’instauration de mesures telles que la délégation de certaines tâches aux infirmiers. Parce que cette impuissance n’est pas une fatalité, nous proposons un nouvel instrument, la régulation. Tous les praticiens sont libres de s’installer dans n’importe quel territoire sous‑doté. Collègues macronistes, si, comme vous le prétendez, toute la France est un désert médical, la mesure ne contraindra pas les médecins. Votez donc le texte.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 394,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p470",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf19bf65c376",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQT",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie pour cette excellente proposition de loi. Actuellement, dix-huit départements comptent autant que médecins que les quatre‑vingt‑trois autres. Le nombre de médecins par habitant varie presque de 1 à 10, y compris entre départements – il est de 1,65 ‰ dans l’Eure, mais quasiment de 9 ‰ à Paris Comment en sommes-nous arrivés là ? Jusqu’aux années 1980, la mobilisation pour limiter le nombre de praticiens a été importante, y compris de la part de l’Ordre des médecins. On évoquait à l’époque une pléthore médicale. Certaines corporations ont demandé l’instauration d’un numerus clausus. Or nous avons rapidement constaté un manque croissant de médecins en certains lieux, lié au vieillissement des médecins généralistes, au démantèlement des services publics de proximité et à la réduction du temps de travail des médecins – qui est normale ; ces derniers ont raison de souhaiter travailler moins que les générations précédentes, pour s’occuper de leurs enfants et profiter de leur famille. Désormais, 30 % des jeunes médecins s’installent hors des aires d’attraction des villes, où réside pourtant 40 % de la population, sa partie la plus paupérisée, la plus âgée, celle qui a le plus besoin de soins. L’inégalité d’accès aux soins augmente. L’écart d’accessibilité aux médecins s’est creusé de 5 % entre les 10 % de nos compatriotes les mieux dotés et les 10 % les moins bien dotés depuis 2022. Dans le même temps, l’écart d’accessibilité n’a pas cru pour les professions dont l’installation est régulée, notamment les infirmières, les kinésithérapeutes. Que faire ? Certains évoquent des incitations financières. Mais nous avons déjà essayé les primes, les contrats d’aide à l’installation, les majorations d’honoraires, les contrats de solidarité territoriale – qui ont eu un succès record, avec seulement vingt-huit signataires –, les contrats de transition et de stabilisation et le pacte territoire santé. Rien de tout cela n’a produit d’effet notable, même si nous ne pouvons pas dire que rien n’a été fait – nous vous avons par exemple accompagné dans l’instauration de mesures telles que la délégation de certaines tâches aux infirmiers. Parce que cette impuissance n’est pas une fatalité, nous proposons un nouvel instrument, la régulation. Tous les praticiens sont libres de s’installer dans n’importe quel territoire sous‑doté. Collègues macronistes, si, comme vous le prétendez, toute la France est un désert médical, la mesure ne contraindra pas les médecins. Votez donc le texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642764",
   "speaker": "Joël Aviragnet",
   "quality": "M. Joël Aviragnet (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "476",
    "477",
    "478"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "Combien de fois avons-nous entendu nos concitoyens se plaindre que l’absence de médecins les empêche de se soigner, ou qu’ils doivent attendre six mois pour obtenir un rendez-vous médical ? Il y a quatre ou cinq ans encore, l’attente ne durait que trois mois. Depuis plusieurs années, les déserts médicaux gagnent du terrain. Dans les territoires ruraux, c’est un véritable fléau. Conscients du problème, les députés se sont réunis dans un groupe transpartisan, à l’initiative de notre collègue Guillaume Garot. Après des dizaines d’auditions et près de trois ans de travail, ce groupe est parvenu à proposer un texte transpartisan pour répondre au cri d’alarme des Français. Quoi qu’en disent les lobbies de médecins, celui-ci va dans le bon sens. La régulation de l’installation rétablirait l’égal accès aux soins où que l’on habite en France. La suppression de la majoration des tarifs pour les patients qui n’ont pas de médecin traitant mettrait fin à la double peine qu’ils subissent – je crois me souvenir qu’un ministre de la santé s’était engagé à prendre cette mesure ; je suis surpris qu’elle ne soit toujours pas appliquée Comment tolérer que les habitants des déserts médicaux doivent payer plus cher ? S’ils n’ont pas de médecin traitant, ce n’est pas par choix. La garantie de formation dans chaque département en première année de médecine permettrait d’ancrer les jeunes médecins dans les territoires. C’est nécessaire pour les maintenir dans les zones les moins bien dotés en médecins. Enfin, le rétablissement de l’obligation de permanence des soins est une mesure d’équité ; sa nécessité est évidente. Écoutons les Français, entendons leur détresse. Comment accepter qu’en France, certains renoncent à se soigner, faute de médecins près de chez eux ? Comment expliquer aux Françaises que dans leur département, il n’y a plus de gynécologue ? Cette situation scandaleuse entretient un légitime sentiment d’abandon, notamment dans les territoires ruraux. Les mesures d’incitation ont montré leur inefficacité. Il est temps d’essayer autre chose. Soyons courageux et répondons aux préoccupations des Français, en votant ce texte qui permettra d’améliorer l’accès aux soins et de lutter efficacement contre les déserts médicaux.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 351,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p476",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N12643670de78",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Combien de fois avons-nous entendu nos concitoyens se plaindre que l’absence de médecins les empêche de se soigner, ou qu’ils doivent attendre six mois pour obtenir un rendez-vous médical ? Il y a quatre ou cinq ans encore, l’attente ne durait que trois mois. Depuis plusieurs années, les déserts médicaux gagnent du terrain. Dans les territoires ruraux, c’est un véritable fléau. Conscients du problème, les députés se sont réunis dans un groupe transpartisan, à l’initiative de notre collègue [PERSONNE]. Après des dizaines d’auditions et près de trois ans de travail, ce groupe est parvenu à proposer un texte transpartisan pour répondre au cri d’alarme des Français. Quoi qu’en disent les lobbies de médecins, celui-ci va dans le bon sens. La régulation de l’installation rétablirait l’égal accès aux soins où que l’on habite en France. La suppression de la majoration des tarifs pour les patients qui n’ont pas de médecin traitant mettrait fin à la double peine qu’ils subissent – je crois me souvenir qu’un ministre de la santé s’était engagé à prendre cette mesure ; je suis surpris qu’elle ne soit toujours pas appliquée Comment tolérer que les habitants des déserts médicaux doivent payer plus cher ? S’ils n’ont pas de médecin traitant, ce n’est pas par choix. La garantie de formation dans chaque département en première année de médecine permettrait d’ancrer les jeunes médecins dans les territoires. C’est nécessaire pour les maintenir dans les zones les moins bien dotés en médecins. Enfin, le rétablissement de l’obligation de permanence des soins est une mesure d’équité ; sa nécessité est évidente. Écoutons les Français, entendons leur détresse. Comment accepter qu’en France, certains renoncent à se soigner, faute de médecins près de chez eux ? Comment expliquer aux Françaises que dans leur département, il n’y a plus de gynécologue ? Cette situation scandaleuse entretient un légitime sentiment d’abandon, notamment dans les territoires ruraux. Les mesures d’incitation ont montré leur inefficacité. Il est temps d’essayer autre chose. Soyons courageux et répondons aux préoccupations des Français, en votant ce texte qui permettra d’améliorer l’accès aux soins et de lutter efficacement contre les déserts médicaux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p479",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "479",
    "480",
    "481",
    "482",
    "483",
    "484",
    "485"
   ],
   "order": 479,
   "text": "Nous manquons de plus en plus de médecins libéraux. L’ensemble des Français est touché, particulièrement les plus de 9 millions d’entre eux qui sont privés de médecin traitant Je comprends la lassitude de certains collègues, notamment au sein du groupe Droite Républicaine, au nom duquel je m’exprime et où le texte a suscité des débats. La question de la désertification médicale est régulièrement abordée, sans que nos concitoyens constatent d’amélioration dans leur vie quotidienne. Les actions déployées jusqu’à présent ne suffisent pas. Il est indéniable qu’un nombre insuffisant de médecins est installé dans la plupart des territoires. Toutefois, le présent texte risque d’aggraver le problème qu’elle prétend traiter, en particulier avec l’article 1er, qui crée une autorisation d’installation pour les médecins, délivrée par les ARS. Les zonages posent question. Pour l’heure, il n’y en a pas pour les médecins non généralistes, ce qui rend le dispositif inopérant. Surtout, combien d’internes en médecine générale seront découragés d’exercer à titre libéral et poussés vers le salariat par ce texte ? Seulement 12 % des étudiants en médecine choisissent actuellement l’exercice libéral, y compris pour les spécialités. L’immense majorité choisit l’exercice salarié, dans des hôpitaux ou des centres de soins non programmés, une tendance en augmentation, alors qu’un médecin salarié exerce moins souvent les fonctions de médecin traitant et suit moins de patients en moyenne qu’un médecin libéral. D’autres médecins n’exercent même plus. Oui, il faut agir et prendre des mesures, mais les bonnes, qui ne soient pas contre-productives et ne poussent pas davantage d’étudiants à migrer vers l’exercice salarié. Notre responsabilité est grande. L’article 4 repose également sur une fausse bonne idée. Pour un médecin libéral, il n’est pas anodin de prendre une garde médicale, notamment s’il doit garder un enfant en bas âge. En ajoutant cette contrainte aux médecins généralistes libéraux, vous risquez de conduire à une baisse du nombre d’installations de ces professionnels, alors qu’il faudrait les encourager. Ainsi, en l’état, le texte nous semble problématique. Si sa rédaction n’évolue pas, vous n’obtiendrez pas le soutien unanime du groupe Droite Républicaine. Il faudrait plutôt renforcer l’attractivité de l’exercice libéral.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 349,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p479",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ncb8b748b6f8b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous manquons de plus en plus de médecins libéraux. L’ensemble des Français est touché, particulièrement les plus de 9 millions d’entre eux qui sont privés de médecin traitant Je comprends la lassitude de certains collègues, notamment au sein du groupe [GROUPE], au nom duquel je m’exprime et où le texte a suscité des débats. La question de la désertification médicale est régulièrement abordée, sans que nos concitoyens constatent d’amélioration dans leur vie quotidienne. Les actions déployées jusqu’à présent ne suffisent pas. Il est indéniable qu’un nombre insuffisant de médecins est installé dans la plupart des territoires. Toutefois, le présent texte risque d’aggraver le problème qu’elle prétend traiter, en particulier avec l’article 1er, qui crée une autorisation d’installation pour les médecins, délivrée par les ARS. Les zonages posent question. Pour l’heure, il n’y en a pas pour les médecins non généralistes, ce qui rend le dispositif inopérant. Surtout, combien d’internes en médecine générale seront découragés d’exercer à titre libéral et poussés vers le salariat par ce texte ? Seulement 12 % des étudiants en médecine choisissent actuellement l’exercice libéral, y compris pour les spécialités. L’immense majorité choisit l’exercice salarié, dans des hôpitaux ou des centres de soins non programmés, une tendance en augmentation, alors qu’un médecin salarié exerce moins souvent les fonctions de médecin traitant et suit moins de patients en moyenne qu’un médecin libéral. D’autres médecins n’exercent même plus. Oui, il faut agir et prendre des mesures, mais les bonnes, qui ne soient pas contre-productives et ne poussent pas davantage d’étudiants à migrer vers l’exercice salarié. Notre responsabilité est grande. L’article 4 repose également sur une fausse bonne idée. Pour un médecin libéral, il n’est pas anodin de prendre une garde médicale, notamment s’il doit garder un enfant en bas âge. En ajoutant cette contrainte aux médecins généralistes libéraux, vous risquez de conduire à une baisse du nombre d’installations de ces professionnels, alors qu’il faudrait les encourager. Ainsi, en l’état, le texte nous semble problématique. Si sa rédaction n’évolue pas, vous n’obtiendrez pas le soutien unanime du groupe [GROUPE]. Il faudrait plutôt renforcer l’attractivité de l’exercice libéral."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794154",
   "speaker": "Jean-Claude Raux",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Claude Raux (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p486",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "486",
    "487",
    "488",
    "489",
    "490"
   ],
   "order": 486,
   "text": "Je pourrais reprendre la rengaine assénée par certains médecins, tour à tour méprisante, sarcastique, menaçante ou dramatique, tant l’idée de régulation leur est insupportable. Ils agitent toujours le même chiffon rouge : notre proposition détournerait de l’exercice de la médecine et assécherait les bonnes volontés. Leur chantage est à peine voilé : ils menacent de déplaquer, de se déconventionner, voire de partir à l’étranger Ils nous accusent de ne rien comprendre, mais nous avons écouté, lors des dizaines d’auditions menées par notre groupe transpartisan, dans les permanences de nos circonscriptions, sans avoir besoin d’en rajouter, tant les exemples sont innombrables. Nous savons qu’il n’existe pas de solution miracle, mais le désespoir des millions de patients qui n’ont plus de médecin nous impose d’explorer de nouvelles pistes. Devons‑nous laisser faire, comme c’est le cas depuis des décennies, et continuer à privilégier l’offre aux besoins de santé de la population ? Devons-nous dilapider encore plus d’argent, avec des pactoles d’installation, des avantages en nature, des exonérations fiscales et entretenir la concurrence entre les territoires, sans jamais régler le problème de désertification médicale ? Ne rien faire reviendrait à laisser les inégalités territoriales se creuser davantage, à tolérer qu’à certains endroits, il ne soit plus possible de se soigner. Si le premier engagement des médecins est toujours de rétablir, de préserver ou de promouvoir la santé, et s’ils veulent apporter leur aide à leurs confrères de plus en plus seuls, de plus en plus épuisés, là où les déserts s’étendent, alors nous devons essayer une politique de régulation et rétablir la permanence des soins. Si nous n’adoptons pas maintenant ces mesures dans leur version « light », bien peu coercitive, elles devront sans doute être imposées plus brutalement un jour. Les médecins n’ont pas besoin de contraintes, nous dit-on. Les Françaises et les Français, eux, ont besoin de médecins partout.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 307,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p486",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf8aeeb5a042",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je pourrais reprendre la rengaine assénée par certains médecins, tour à tour méprisante, sarcastique, menaçante ou dramatique, tant l’idée de régulation leur est insupportable. Ils agitent toujours le même chiffon rouge : notre proposition détournerait de l’exercice de la médecine et assécherait les bonnes volontés. Leur chantage est à peine voilé : ils menacent de déplaquer, de se déconventionner, voire de partir à l’étranger Ils nous accusent de ne rien comprendre, mais nous avons écouté, lors des dizaines d’auditions menées par notre groupe transpartisan, dans les permanences de nos circonscriptions, sans avoir besoin d’en rajouter, tant les exemples sont innombrables. Nous savons qu’il n’existe pas de solution miracle, mais le désespoir des millions de patients qui n’ont plus de médecin nous impose d’explorer de nouvelles pistes. Devons‑nous laisser faire, comme c’est le cas depuis des décennies, et continuer à privilégier l’offre aux besoins de santé de la population ? Devons-nous dilapider encore plus d’argent, avec des pactoles d’installation, des avantages en nature, des exonérations fiscales et entretenir la concurrence entre les territoires, sans jamais régler le problème de désertification médicale ? Ne rien faire reviendrait à laisser les inégalités territoriales se creuser davantage, à tolérer qu’à certains endroits, il ne soit plus possible de se soigner. Si le premier engagement des médecins est toujours de rétablir, de préserver ou de promouvoir la santé, et s’ils veulent apporter leur aide à leurs confrères de plus en plus seuls, de plus en plus épuisés, là où les déserts s’étendent, alors nous devons essayer une politique de régulation et rétablir la permanence des soins. Si nous n’adoptons pas maintenant ces mesures dans leur version « light », bien peu coercitive, elles devront sans doute être imposées plus brutalement un jour. Les médecins n’ont pas besoin de contraintes, nous dit-on. Les Françaises et les Français, eux, ont besoin de médecins partout."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p491",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "491",
    "492",
    "493",
    "494"
   ],
   "order": 491,
   "text": "Un ancien Président de la République disait que tout avait déjà été essayé contre le chômage. Avons-nous tout essayé contre la désertification médicale ? Non. C’est un échec collectif, malgré les nombreuses mesures prises depuis vingt ans. Outre les mesures financières, nous avons transformé le numerus clausus en numerus apertus, nous avons favorisé les délégations de taches et créé les infirmiers en pratique avancée (IPA). Il a fallu se battre à chaque étape. Nous avons même encouragé la formation de médecins à l’étranger – les étudiants du Centre-Val de Loire ont ainsi été encouragés à partir se former à Zagreb. Pourtant, les inégalités territoriales subsistent J’aborde ce débat avec beaucoup de modestie. Si nous n’ouvrons pas de nouvelle voie, où allons-nous ? Vous vous opposez à la régulation. Sachez qu’à l’heure actuelle les médecins ne choisissent pas leur spécialité médicale. L’orientation est déterminée par les épreuves classantes nationales – le concours de l’internat. Même la ville d’internat est souvent choisie par défaut. La régulation proposée est très modeste. Elle ne changerait rien aux règles d’installation à Limoges, à Caen ou à Orléans, et dans 91 % du territoire français – les chiffres sont têtus. Ne rejetons pas sur l’ARS ou d’autres une responsabilité qui incombe au pouvoir politique. La liberté sera maintenue. Dans les territoires bien dotés, où l’installation d’un médecin sera subordonnée à un départ à la retraite, la densité médicale ne diminuera pas. Il faut améliorer les choses, agir avec efficacité. Chers collègues du Rassemblement national, vous qui êtes friands de référendums, faites-en un à ce sujet, vous verrez quelle est la position des Français.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 267,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p491",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N8ace8ae6a10a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Un ancien Président de la République disait que tout avait déjà été essayé contre le chômage. Avons-nous tout essayé contre la désertification médicale ? Non. C’est un échec collectif, malgré les nombreuses mesures prises depuis vingt ans. Outre les mesures financières, nous avons transformé le numerus clausus en numerus apertus, nous avons favorisé les délégations de taches et créé les infirmiers en pratique avancée (IPA). Il a fallu se battre à chaque étape. Nous avons même encouragé la formation de médecins à l’étranger – les étudiants du Centre-Val de Loire ont ainsi été encouragés à partir se former à Zagreb. Pourtant, les inégalités territoriales subsistent J’aborde ce débat avec beaucoup de modestie. Si nous n’ouvrons pas de nouvelle voie, où allons-nous ? Vous vous opposez à la régulation. Sachez qu’à l’heure actuelle les médecins ne choisissent pas leur spécialité médicale. L’orientation est déterminée par les épreuves classantes nationales – le concours de l’internat. Même la ville d’internat est souvent choisie par défaut. La régulation proposée est très modeste. Elle ne changerait rien aux règles d’installation à Limoges, à Caen ou à Orléans, et dans 91 % du territoire français – les chiffres sont têtus. Ne rejetons pas sur l’ARS ou d’autres une responsabilité qui incombe au pouvoir politique. La liberté sera maintenue. Dans les territoires bien dotés, où l’installation d’un médecin sera subordonnée à un départ à la retraite, la densité médicale ne diminuera pas. Il faut améliorer les choses, agir avec efficacité. Chers collègues du [GROUPE], vous qui êtes friands de référendums, faites-en un à ce sujet, vous verrez quelle est la position des Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p495",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "495",
    "496",
    "497",
    "498",
    "499"
   ],
   "order": 495,
   "text": "La France traverse une crise aiguë de l’accès aux soins et manque de médecins libéraux. Cette crise, qui n’est pas nouvelle, touche désormais 87 % du territoire national, qui est classé comme zone sous‑dotée Les causes sont multiples et il n’existe pas de solution unique. Néanmoins, plusieurs réformes majeures ont été engagées ces dernières années. Encore faut-il attendre qu’elles produisent leurs effets. Le numerus clausus a été assoupli en 2018 ; l’actuel ministre de la santé souhaite le supprimer. L’accès direct à certains spécialistes a été étendu, grâce à la « loi Rist » de mai 2023 ; les professionnels de santé ont été incités à s’installer de manière durable dans les territoires grâce à la « loi Valletoux » de décembre 2023 ; le cumul emploi-retraite a été facilité pour les médecins dans la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 ; le métier d’infirmier doit être revalorisé grâce à la réforme en cours au Parlement ; un décret de juin 2018 a créé le statut de docteur junior pour les élèves de quatrième année d’internat en médecine générale – dès la rentrée 2026, nous pourrons ainsi compter sur 3 700 docteurs juniors supplémentaires chaque année. Vous proposez de rompre avec la philosophie des réformes précédentes en prévoyant, à l’article 1er, que les ARS réguleront l’installation des médecins. Pourtant, selon moi, ce n’est pas en passant de l’incitation à la contrainte que nous résoudrons le cœur du problème : le manque de médecins de ville en exercice, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes, au niveau national. La profession formule une proposition rapidement déployable, l’assistanat territorial, qui repose sur une idée simple : envoyer dans les zones sous-denses pour une à deux années des médecins spécialistes qui viennent d’être diplômés. Cela représenterait 2 000 à 3 000 médecins chaque année. Ce dispositif pourrait parfaitement s’articuler avec le statut de docteur junior. Nous pouvons déployer des solutions rapides sans braquer toute une profession dont nous avons besoin. Les médecins libéraux risquent sinon de migrer vers le salariat et donc de suivre moins de patients. L’adoption de l’article 1er enverrait un message terrible à la profession. Nous n’ignorons pas l’urgence mais croyons que la meilleure voie est d’accompagner et de poursuivre les réformes engagées, dont nous savons qu’elles porteront leurs fruits rapidement.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 381,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p495",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N10429a724d93",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La France traverse une crise aiguë de l’accès aux soins et manque de médecins libéraux. Cette crise, qui n’est pas nouvelle, touche désormais 87 % du territoire national, qui est classé comme zone sous‑dotée Les causes sont multiples et il n’existe pas de solution unique. Néanmoins, plusieurs réformes majeures ont été engagées ces dernières années. Encore faut-il attendre qu’elles produisent leurs effets. Le numerus clausus a été assoupli en 2018 ; l’actuel ministre de la santé souhaite le supprimer. L’accès direct à certains spécialistes a été étendu, grâce à la « loi Rist » de mai 2023 ; les professionnels de santé ont été incités à s’installer de manière durable dans les territoires grâce à la « loi Valletoux » de décembre 2023 ; le cumul emploi-retraite a été facilité pour les médecins dans la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2025 ; le métier d’infirmier doit être revalorisé grâce à la réforme en cours au Parlement ; un décret de juin 2018 a créé le statut de docteur junior pour les élèves de quatrième année d’internat en médecine générale – dès la rentrée 2026, nous pourrons ainsi compter sur 3 700 docteurs juniors supplémentaires chaque année. Vous proposez de rompre avec la philosophie des réformes précédentes en prévoyant, à l’article 1er, que les ARS réguleront l’installation des médecins. Pourtant, selon moi, ce n’est pas en passant de l’incitation à la contrainte que nous résoudrons le cœur du problème : le manque de médecins de ville en exercice, qu’ils soient généralistes ou spécialistes, au niveau national. La profession formule une proposition rapidement déployable, l’assistanat territorial, qui repose sur une idée simple : envoyer dans les zones sous-denses pour une à deux années des médecins spécialistes qui viennent d’être diplômés. Cela représenterait 2 000 à 3 000 médecins chaque année. Ce dispositif pourrait parfaitement s’articuler avec le statut de docteur junior. Nous pouvons déployer des solutions rapides sans braquer toute une profession dont nous avons besoin. Les médecins libéraux risquent sinon de migrer vers le salariat et donc de suivre moins de patients. L’adoption de l’article 1er enverrait un message terrible à la profession. Nous n’ignorons pas l’urgence mais croyons que la meilleure voie est d’accompagner et de poursuivre les réformes engagées, dont nous savons qu’elles porteront leurs fruits rapidement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA267042",
   "speaker": "Yannick Favennec-Bécot",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p500",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "500",
    "501",
    "502",
    "503",
    "504",
    "505",
    "506"
   ],
   "order": 500,
   "text": "« Monsieur le député, trouvez-moi un médecin ! », « Aucun rendez-vous avec mon cardiologue n’est possible avant dix-huit mois. Vais-je devoir renoncer à me soigner ? ». Nous sommes nombreux à entendre de telles paroles dans nos circonscriptions. Alors que la Constitution garantit le droit à la protection de la santé pour chacun, un Français sur trois vit dans un désert médical. Ce n’est plus acceptable Les nombreuses politiques d’incitation à l’installation déployées depuis vingt ans sont nécessaires, mais insuffisantes. Les inégalités d’accès aux soins selon les territoires sont flagrantes et continuent de s’accroître. Face à l’urgence de la situation, nous pouvons en premier lieu favoriser une meilleure répartition des médecins sur le territoire, en orientant leur installation vers les zones où l’offre de soins est la moins dense. Dans les zones où l’offre de soins est suffisante, nous proposons que l’ARS ne délivre d’autorisation d’installation pour un médecin qu’en cas de cessation d’activité d’un praticien de la même spécialité. Le principe de liberté d’installation continuerait de prévaloir. Simplement, il serait aménagé. Nous proposons également de supprimer la majoration des tarifs pour les patients non pourvus d’un médecin traitant, qui constitue une double peine pour ceux qui vivent dans un désert médical. Troisièmement, nous proposons que la première année d’étude en santé médicale soit assurée dans chaque département, pour préparer un meilleur ancrage territorial des médecins. Enfin, nous proposons de rétablir l’obligation de permanence des soins. Le nombre de médecins qui participent à la permanence des soins ambulatoires diminue d’année en année, particulièrement dans les déserts médicaux. Le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins évoque même un désengagement des médecins libéraux. Pour que cette proposition de loi transpartisane soit adoptée, nous devons faire preuve de courage politique, unir nos forces, faire la synthèse des intérêts en présence et dépasser les intérêts voire les égoïsmes catégoriels pour répondre aux attentes et même au désespoir de nos concitoyens.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 317,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p500",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1c397c41850f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMQT",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "« Monsieur le député, trouvez-moi un médecin ! », « Aucun rendez-vous avec mon cardiologue n’est possible avant dix-huit mois. Vais-je devoir renoncer à me soigner ? ». Nous sommes nombreux à entendre de telles paroles dans nos circonscriptions. Alors que la Constitution garantit le droit à la protection de la santé pour chacun, un Français sur trois vit dans un désert médical. Ce n’est plus acceptable Les nombreuses politiques d’incitation à l’installation déployées depuis vingt ans sont nécessaires, mais insuffisantes. Les inégalités d’accès aux soins selon les territoires sont flagrantes et continuent de s’accroître. Face à l’urgence de la situation, nous pouvons en premier lieu favoriser une meilleure répartition des médecins sur le territoire, en orientant leur installation vers les zones où l’offre de soins est la moins dense. Dans les zones où l’offre de soins est suffisante, nous proposons que l’ARS ne délivre d’autorisation d’installation pour un médecin qu’en cas de cessation d’activité d’un praticien de la même spécialité. Le principe de liberté d’installation continuerait de prévaloir. Simplement, il serait aménagé. Nous proposons également de supprimer la majoration des tarifs pour les patients non pourvus d’un médecin traitant, qui constitue une double peine pour ceux qui vivent dans un désert médical. Troisièmement, nous proposons que la première année d’étude en santé médicale soit assurée dans chaque département, pour préparer un meilleur ancrage territorial des médecins. Enfin, nous proposons de rétablir l’obligation de permanence des soins. Le nombre de médecins qui participent à la permanence des soins ambulatoires diminue d’année en année, particulièrement dans les déserts médicaux. Le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins évoque même un désengagement des médecins libéraux. Pour que cette proposition de loi transpartisane soit adoptée, nous devons faire preuve de courage politique, unir nos forces, faire la synthèse des intérêts en présence et dépasser les intérêts voire les égoïsmes catégoriels pour répondre aux attentes et même au désespoir de nos concitoyens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p507",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "507",
    "508",
    "509",
    "510"
   ],
   "order": 507,
   "text": "Merci, monsieur le rapporteur, de ne rien lâcher dans la lutte contre les déserts médicaux. Si nous faisons tous le même constat, j’observe que de nombreux intervenants se montrent critiques, mais que très peu avancent des propositions alternatives J’insiste pourtant sur la dimension transpartisane de ce texte : parmi ses signataires, on compte des députés favorables à la liberté d’installation, comme Philippe Vigier, et d’autres qui y sont plutôt opposés, comme moi. Nous ne partageons pas tout à fait la même conception de ce que devrait être l’organisation de la santé en France, mais cela ne nous a pas empêchés de nous retrouver sur un texte de compromis et d’avancer des solutions. Ces dispositions n’ont d’ailleurs rien de révolutionnaires, ne serait-ce qu’en raison du périmètre nécessairement restreint de toute proposition de loi. Soyez assurés que, si j’avais écrit le texte seul, vous auriez pu y trouver des mesures de coercition, mais ce n’est nullement le cas ici. Six Français sur dix renoncent à se soigner. Dans ma circonscription rurale, 8 000 personnes de plus de 16 ans n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Je n’en connais pas une qui serait contre ce texte, tant la difficulté d’accès aux soins est réelle. N’oublions pas que notre système de santé repose sur une logique de solidarité, notamment sur la sécurité sociale. Avoir un regard sur les installations et introduire un minimum de régulation pour garantir l’accès à la santé au plus grand nombre est bien le moins que l’on puisse faire. Stéphanie Rist estime que notre méthode n’est pas la bonne. Pardon de le dire, mais vous êtes au pouvoir depuis 2017 et le désert continue d’avancer. Nous avons au moins le mérite de faire une proposition susceptible d’y remédier.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 287,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p507",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nfb2b028bb3c5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Merci, monsieur le rapporteur, de ne rien lâcher dans la lutte contre les déserts médicaux. Si nous faisons tous le même constat, j’observe que de nombreux intervenants se montrent critiques, mais que très peu avancent des propositions alternatives J’insiste pourtant sur la dimension transpartisane de ce texte : parmi ses signataires, on compte des députés favorables à la liberté d’installation, comme [PERSONNE], et d’autres qui y sont plutôt opposés, comme moi. Nous ne partageons pas tout à fait la même conception de ce que devrait être l’organisation de la santé en France, mais cela ne nous a pas empêchés de nous retrouver sur un texte de compromis et d’avancer des solutions. Ces dispositions n’ont d’ailleurs rien de révolutionnaires, ne serait-ce qu’en raison du périmètre nécessairement restreint de toute proposition de loi. Soyez assurés que, si j’avais écrit le texte seul, vous auriez pu y trouver des mesures de coercition, mais ce n’est nullement le cas ici. Six Français sur dix renoncent à se soigner. Dans ma circonscription rurale, 8 000 personnes de plus de 16 ans n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Je n’en connais pas une qui serait contre ce texte, tant la difficulté d’accès aux soins est réelle. N’oublions pas que notre système de santé repose sur une logique de solidarité, notamment sur la sécurité sociale. Avoir un regard sur les installations et introduire un minimum de régulation pour garantir l’accès à la santé au plus grand nombre est bien le moins que l’on puisse faire. [PERSONNE] estime que notre méthode n’est pas la bonne. Pardon de le dire, mais vous êtes au pouvoir depuis 2017 et le désert continue d’avancer. Nous avons au moins le mérite de faire une proposition susceptible d’y remédier."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840773",
   "speaker": "Olivier Fayssat",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Fayssat (UDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO847173",
   "group": "UDR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p511",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "511",
    "512"
   ],
   "order": 511,
   "text": "Nous sommes évidemment soucieux de régler le problème des déserts médicaux. En revanche, il est dans notre ADN de privilégier l’incitation plutôt que la contrainte. Nous sommes donc opposés à l’article 1er, qui vise à réguler l’installation des médecins, ainsi qu’à l’article 4, qui tend à leur imposer de participer à la permanence des soins Un médecin est avant tout un étudiant qui a consenti un investissement personnel important et qui s’est donné du mal pour réussir des études difficiles. Je ne suis pas certain qu’il soit réellement endetté vis-à-vis de la société au moment où il commence à exercer. On impose déjà beaucoup de contraintes aux jeunes médecins. N’en rajoutons pas.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p511",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N07afd2757049",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes évidemment soucieux de régler le problème des déserts médicaux. En revanche, il est dans notre ADN de privilégier l’incitation plutôt que la contrainte. Nous sommes donc opposés à l’article 1er, qui vise à réguler l’installation des médecins, ainsi qu’à l’article 4, qui tend à leur imposer de participer à la permanence des soins Un médecin est avant tout un étudiant qui a consenti un investissement personnel important et qui s’est donné du mal pour réussir des études difficiles. Je ne suis pas certain qu’il soit réellement endetté vis-à-vis de la société au moment où il commence à exercer. On impose déjà beaucoup de contraintes aux jeunes médecins. N’en rajoutons pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "514",
    "515",
    "516"
   ],
   "order": 514,
   "text": "Je félicite le rapporteur pour sa constance et sa volonté de répondre au manque de médecins traitants : c’est là un vrai problème, qui concerne nombre de nos concitoyens Malheureusement, l’adoption de cette proposition de loi enverrait deux messages aux effets dévastateurs, d’abord aux étudiants en médecine, qui sont tous défavorables à cette mesure de contrainte, mais aussi aux Français, qui croiront à tort pouvoir trouver un médecin plus facilement. En réalité, ces dispositions seront contre-productives et aggraveront plutôt le problème en décourageant les médecins, qui préféreront pourvoir des postes vacants dans les hôpitaux des grandes villes que s’installer en médecine libérale. Seuls 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent en libéral dans l’année suivant l’obtention de leur diplôme. Voilà pourquoi nous manquons de médecins traitants. L’autorisation préalable à l’installation ne répond pas à l’enjeu, qui est plutôt d’encourager ces installations : plutôt que de contraindre les médecins, nous devrions améliorer l’attractivité de la médecine libérale et des zones sous‑dotées. Je défendrai ainsi des amendements visant à faire découvrir ces territoires aux étudiants et à favoriser concrètement leur installation en médecine de ville – car s’établir en libéral, c’est d’abord monter une entreprise, ce qui nécessite un accompagnement spécifique.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 198,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p514",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nc3e122c9b955",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je félicite le rapporteur pour sa constance et sa volonté de répondre au manque de médecins traitants : c’est là un vrai problème, qui concerne nombre de nos concitoyens Malheureusement, l’adoption de cette proposition de loi enverrait deux messages aux effets dévastateurs, d’abord aux étudiants en médecine, qui sont tous défavorables à cette mesure de contrainte, mais aussi aux Français, qui croiront à tort pouvoir trouver un médecin plus facilement. En réalité, ces dispositions seront contre-productives et aggraveront plutôt le problème en décourageant les médecins, qui préféreront pourvoir des postes vacants dans les hôpitaux des grandes villes que s’installer en médecine libérale. Seuls 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent en libéral dans l’année suivant l’obtention de leur diplôme. Voilà pourquoi nous manquons de médecins traitants. L’autorisation préalable à l’installation ne répond pas à l’enjeu, qui est plutôt d’encourager ces installations : plutôt que de contraindre les médecins, nous devrions améliorer l’attractivité de la médecine libérale et des zones sous‑dotées. Je défendrai ainsi des amendements visant à faire découvrir ces territoires aux étudiants et à favoriser concrètement leur installation en médecine de ville – car s’établir en libéral, c’est d’abord monter une entreprise, ce qui nécessite un accompagnement spécifique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p517",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "517",
    "518"
   ],
   "order": 517,
   "text": "Indéniablement, la France manque globalement de médecins. Néanmoins, la répartition des médecins libéraux sur le territoire est très hétérogène. Il est donc légitime d’organiser un peu mieux leur installation, d’autant que, si les médecins ont une activité lucrative, c’est aussi parce qu’ils sont remboursés par la sécurité sociale Ce texte ne résoudra évidemment pas tous les problèmes : il nous faudra aussi augmenter le nombre d’enseignants-chercheurs dans les centres hospitaliers universitaires (CHU) – nous en avons perdu 1 000 depuis 1996 – et réformer l’organisation de la médecine de ville en encourageant le développement des centres de santé pour répondre aux demandes des jeunes médecins, qui sont nombreux à aspirer au salariat. Il permettra néanmoins de franchir une première étape pour assurer une meilleure régulation et lutter contre les déserts médicaux.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 131,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p517",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N0ed9bc014fd8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Indéniablement, la France manque globalement de médecins. Néanmoins, la répartition des médecins libéraux sur le territoire est très hétérogène. Il est donc légitime d’organiser un peu mieux leur installation, d’autant que, si les médecins ont une activité lucrative, c’est aussi parce qu’ils sont remboursés par la sécurité sociale Ce texte ne résoudra évidemment pas tous les problèmes : il nous faudra aussi augmenter le nombre d’enseignants-chercheurs dans les centres hospitaliers universitaires (CHU) – nous en avons perdu 1 000 depuis 1996 – et réformer l’organisation de la médecine de ville en encourageant le développement des centres de santé pour répondre aux demandes des jeunes médecins, qui sont nombreux à aspirer au salariat. Il permettra néanmoins de franchir une première étape pour assurer une meilleure régulation et lutter contre les déserts médicaux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p519",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "519",
    "520",
    "521"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "Nous sommes tous confrontés à ces concitoyens en détresse qui s’adressent à nous parce qu’ils n’ont plus de médecin traitant. Les politiques que les collectivités territoriales – communes, intercommunalités, départements, régions – tentent de déployer pour lutter contre la baisse de la démographie médicale, quoique sympathiques, ne sont clairement pas efficaces : la situation se dégrade et continuera de le faire dans les années à venir. On peut s’obstiner à inciter les internes à venir vivre un an en zone rurale pour découvrir comme la campagne est belle, mais chacun sait désormais que cela ne fonctionne pas C’est pourquoi je me suis inscrit dans cette démarche transpartisane. Ma famille politique est attachée à la liberté d’installation des médecins, et ce texte ne prévoit nulle coercition : c’est bien d’une régulation, d’un aménagement de cette liberté qu’il s’agit. Chacun a fait un pas pour aboutir à ce compromis. Il serait dommage de manquer cette occasion d’agir et de renvoyer encore une fois toute décision aux calendes grecques. Nous ne devons pas nous soucier uniquement des étudiants en médecine : nous devons aussi nous préoccuper de nos concitoyens, qui méritent des réponses enfin efficaces et pertinentes. Je soutiendrai donc ce texte.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 199,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p519",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N3c9c327d534d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BLM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes tous confrontés à ces concitoyens en détresse qui s’adressent à nous parce qu’ils n’ont plus de médecin traitant. Les politiques que les collectivités territoriales – communes, intercommunalités, départements, régions – tentent de déployer pour lutter contre la baisse de la démographie médicale, quoique sympathiques, ne sont clairement pas efficaces : la situation se dégrade et continuera de le faire dans les années à venir. On peut s’obstiner à inciter les internes à venir vivre un an en zone rurale pour découvrir comme la campagne est belle, mais chacun sait désormais que cela ne fonctionne pas C’est pourquoi je me suis inscrit dans cette démarche transpartisane. Ma famille politique est attachée à la liberté d’installation des médecins, et ce texte ne prévoit nulle coercition : c’est bien d’une régulation, d’un aménagement de cette liberté qu’il s’agit. Chacun a fait un pas pour aboutir à ce compromis. Il serait dommage de manquer cette occasion d’agir et de renvoyer encore une fois toute décision aux calendes grecques. Nous ne devons pas nous soucier uniquement des étudiants en médecine : nous devons aussi nous préoccuper de nos concitoyens, qui méritent des réponses enfin efficaces et pertinentes. Je soutiendrai donc ce texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p522",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "522",
    "523",
    "524",
    "525",
    "526"
   ],
   "order": 522,
   "text": "Merci de mettre sur la table ce sujet essentiel. Il est vrai qu’au regard des difficultés d’accès aux soins observées sur l’ensemble du territoire, notre système de santé peut paraître défaillant Nous ne devrions toutefois pas faire reposer ce problème uniquement sur les médecins qui sortent de l’école : il faut mobiliser l’ensemble des généralistes et des spécialistes, en promouvant une forme de solidarité territoriale. Dans le Jura, nous avons créé un cabinet de soutien territorial au sein duquel interviennent, sous le statut de salarié et à raison d’un ou deux jours par mois, des retraités, des étudiants n’ayant pas encore soutenu leur thèse, des médecins remplaçants, ou encore des praticiens exerçant dans des zones qui ne sont pas sous‑dotées. On oblige déjà les enseignants à travailler en région parisienne à la sortie de l’école. Résultat : le nombre de postes à pourvoir est supérieur au nombre de candidats et des professeurs tout juste diplômés se trouvent affectés dans des territoires où les classes sont plus difficiles à gérer qu’ailleurs. Si le nombre d’enseignants baisse, c’est aussi parce qu’on leur impose de commencer leur carrière ailleurs que là où ils vivent ou ont été formés. Par contraste, pouvoir bénéficier de l’expérience de confrères installés depuis trente ans pourrait aider les jeunes médecins à accepter de s’installer dans des territoires vers lesquels ils ne se seraient pas spontanément orientés. Le terme « sous‑doté » n’est en outre pas tout à fait juste, puisque les manques concernent tout le pays. Le texte me semble par ailleurs prématuré, dans la mesure où les docteurs juniors commenceront à exercer en novembre 2026. Mon département accueillera ainsi vingt‑six docteurs, répartis entre les trois circonscriptions. Il reviendra aux intercommunalités d’organiser leur accueil au mieux. Les médecins pourront également s’emparer de ces sujets à travers la communauté professionnelle territoriale de santé (CPTS). Je leur fais toute confiance pour agir en ce sens, car quand on s’engage dans cette discipline, c’est avant pour prendre soin des patients.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 329,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p522",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1c5703149c11",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Merci de mettre sur la table ce sujet essentiel. Il est vrai qu’au regard des difficultés d’accès aux soins observées sur l’ensemble du territoire, notre système de santé peut paraître défaillant Nous ne devrions toutefois pas faire reposer ce problème uniquement sur les médecins qui sortent de l’école : il faut mobiliser l’ensemble des généralistes et des spécialistes, en promouvant une forme de solidarité territoriale. Dans le Jura, nous avons créé un cabinet de soutien territorial au sein duquel interviennent, sous le statut de salarié et à raison d’un ou deux jours par mois, des retraités, des étudiants n’ayant pas encore soutenu leur thèse, des médecins remplaçants, ou encore des praticiens exerçant dans des zones qui ne sont pas sous‑dotées. On oblige déjà les enseignants à travailler en région parisienne à la sortie de l’école. Résultat : le nombre de postes à pourvoir est supérieur au nombre de candidats et des professeurs tout juste diplômés se trouvent affectés dans des territoires où les classes sont plus difficiles à gérer qu’ailleurs. Si le nombre d’enseignants baisse, c’est aussi parce qu’on leur impose de commencer leur carrière ailleurs que là où ils vivent ou ont été formés. Par contraste, pouvoir bénéficier de l’expérience de confrères installés depuis trente ans pourrait aider les jeunes médecins à accepter de s’installer dans des territoires vers lesquels ils ne se seraient pas spontanément orientés. Le terme « sous‑doté » n’est en outre pas tout à fait juste, puisque les manques concernent tout le pays. Le texte me semble par ailleurs prématuré, dans la mesure où les docteurs juniors commenceront à exercer en novembre 2026. Mon département accueillera ainsi vingt‑six docteurs, répartis entre les trois circonscriptions. Il reviendra aux intercommunalités d’organiser leur accueil au mieux. Les médecins pourront également s’emparer de ces sujets à travers la communauté professionnelle territoriale de santé (CPTS). Je leur fais toute confiance pour agir en ce sens, car quand on s’engage dans cette discipline, c’est avant pour prendre soin des patients."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p527",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "527",
    "528"
   ],
   "order": 527,
   "text": "Je salue l’initiative du rapporteur, car je constate, dans mon département comme probablement dans le sien, combien il est compliqué d’avoir accès à un médecin. Je m’interroge cependant : si l’on interdit à un nouveau médecin de s’installer là où il le souhaite, par exemple sur la côte, décidera-t-il instinctivement de s’établir en Mayenne ou dans la Vienne ? Peut-être le fera-t-il s’il en est originaire. En ce sens, la territorialisation des études est une idée intéressante, car qui aurait intérêt à venir dans la petite ville de Loudun, si ce n’est quelqu’un ayant une attache avec ce territoire ? Votre proposition pourrait jouer dans certains cas et elle a le mérite d’exister, mais il me semble qu’il faut avant tout s’interroger sur les lieux de formation ainsi que sur les postes vacants dans les hôpitaux, qui attirent forcément les nouveaux professionnels – car il est plus facile d’intégrer un service hospitalier que de s’installer en libéral, surtout pour des jeunes qui n’ont pas forcément cette culture. Nous pouvons néanmoins essayer les mesures que vous proposez, même si elles risquent de ne produire que des résultats modestes.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 187,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p527",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N2969c953f71f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue l’initiative du rapporteur, car je constate, dans mon département comme probablement dans le sien, combien il est compliqué d’avoir accès à un médecin. Je m’interroge cependant : si l’on interdit à un nouveau médecin de s’installer là où il le souhaite, par exemple sur la côte, décidera-t-il instinctivement de s’établir en Mayenne ou dans la Vienne ? Peut-être le fera-t-il s’il en est originaire. En ce sens, la territorialisation des études est une idée intéressante, car qui aurait intérêt à venir dans la petite ville de Loudun, si ce n’est quelqu’un ayant une attache avec ce territoire ? Votre proposition pourrait jouer dans certains cas et elle a le mérite d’exister, mais il me semble qu’il faut avant tout s’interroger sur les lieux de formation ainsi que sur les postes vacants dans les hôpitaux, qui attirent forcément les nouveaux professionnels – car il est plus facile d’intégrer un service hospitalier que de s’installer en libéral, surtout pour des jeunes qui n’ont pas forcément cette culture. Nous pouvons néanmoins essayer les mesures que vous proposez, même si elles risquent de ne produire que des résultats modestes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p529",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "529",
    "530",
    "531",
    "532"
   ],
   "order": 529,
   "text": "Je salue à mon tour l’initiative de Guillaume Garot, qui a été pionnier sur cette question et que j’ai rejoint dès le début Depuis des années, diverses actions ont été tentées pour tenter de régler ce problème récurrent, sans succès. Prenons deux exemples. Dans ma circonscription, un cabinet médical financé par des fonds publics – puisque c’est ainsi que les choses fonctionnent désormais – vient de convaincre un médecin exerçant 12 kilomètres plus loin de le rejoindre. En contrepartie, ce médecin touchera 50 000 euros, ce qui est proprement effarant. Dans la Nièvre voisine, à Nevers, pour désengorger les urgences, on fait venir en avion des médecins depuis Dijon. Dans quel monde vivons-nous ? Très clairement, les règles actuelles ne fonctionnent pas : nous connaissons tous des maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles vides, nous avons tous assisté à des guerres entre maires pour trouver un médecin. Ce n’est pas acceptable. La question de la régulation, qui n’est nullement une coercition, se pose précisément parce que ce qui a été tenté auparavant n’a pas permis d’endiguer les inégalités, qui continuent de se creuser. Ma ville comptait vingt-trois médecins libéraux il y a vingt‑cinq ans. Désormais, elle n’en compte plus que deux, auxquels s’ajoutent onze médecins répartis dans deux centres de santé : les jeunes privilégient l’exercice regroupé de la médecine et ne s’installent plus en libéral. Cette proposition de loi a au moins le mérite de poser un acte fort pour nos concitoyens.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 241,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p529",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ne02503309baa",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue à mon tour l’initiative de [PERSONNE], qui a été pionnier sur cette question et que j’ai rejoint dès le début Depuis des années, diverses actions ont été tentées pour tenter de régler ce problème récurrent, sans succès. Prenons deux exemples. Dans ma circonscription, un cabinet médical financé par des fonds publics – puisque c’est ainsi que les choses fonctionnent désormais – vient de convaincre un médecin exerçant 12 kilomètres plus loin de le rejoindre. En contrepartie, ce médecin touchera 50 000 euros, ce qui est proprement effarant. Dans la Nièvre voisine, à Nevers, pour désengorger les urgences, on fait venir en avion des médecins depuis Dijon. Dans quel monde vivons-nous ? Très clairement, les règles actuelles ne fonctionnent pas : nous connaissons tous des maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles vides, nous avons tous assisté à des guerres entre maires pour trouver un médecin. Ce n’est pas acceptable. La question de la régulation, qui n’est nullement une coercition, se pose précisément parce que ce qui a été tenté auparavant n’a pas permis d’endiguer les inégalités, qui continuent de se creuser. Ma ville comptait vingt-trois médecins libéraux il y a vingt‑cinq ans. Désormais, elle n’en compte plus que deux, auxquels s’ajoutent onze médecins répartis dans deux centres de santé : les jeunes privilégient l’exercice regroupé de la médecine et ne s’installent plus en libéral. Cette proposition de loi a au moins le mérite de poser un acte fort pour nos concitoyens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p533",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "533",
    "534",
    "535"
   ],
   "order": 533,
   "text": "Si nous voulons nous en sortir – et il le faudra –, nous devons comprendre pourquoi et comment nous en sommes arrivés là. Le concept de maîtrise médicalisée des dépenses de soins ne date pas d’hier, puisqu’il apparaissait déjà dans la convention médicale signée en 1980. Depuis, au fil des lois, on a accumulé les fausses bonnes idées, au motif de cette fameuse maîtrise. C’est de nouveau le cas avec cette proposition de loi Le cœur du problème, en réalité, c’est l’attractivité : les études ne sont plus du tout attractives. Comment choisir ce métier passionnant si c’est pour errer deux années en parcours d’accès spécifique santé (Pass) ou en licence accès santé (LAS), ne voir les malades qu’à partir de la troisième ou quatrième année, et se voir imposer une dixième année d’étude ? Comment accepter de devenir une variable d’ajustement environnementale en s’installant dans des déserts qui ne manquent pas seulement de médecins, mais aussi de services publics et d’emplois – comme en témoigne la fermeture de deux cents officines chaque année, alors que les pharmaciens bénéficient pourtant d’un numerus clausus d’installation qui leur garantit un certain chiffre d’affaires ? Et ce ne sont pas les propositions du professeur Vallancien, le pape de la pensée technocratique, qui veut transformer les médecins en manageurs d’un système financiarisé plutôt que de les former, qui amélioreront la situation. Soyons prudents : l’article 1er pose de gros problèmes. N’ajoutons pas une nouvelle fausse bonne idée à des difficultés bien réelles.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p533",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nd328a995f9ca",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Si nous voulons nous en sortir – et il le faudra –, nous devons comprendre pourquoi et comment nous en sommes arrivés là. Le concept de maîtrise médicalisée des dépenses de soins ne date pas d’hier, puisqu’il apparaissait déjà dans la convention médicale signée en 1980. Depuis, au fil des lois, on a accumulé les fausses bonnes idées, au motif de cette fameuse maîtrise. C’est de nouveau le cas avec cette proposition de loi Le cœur du problème, en réalité, c’est l’attractivité : les études ne sont plus du tout attractives. Comment choisir ce métier passionnant si c’est pour errer deux années en parcours d’accès spécifique santé (Pass) ou en licence accès santé (LAS), ne voir les malades qu’à partir de la troisième ou quatrième année, et se voir imposer une dixième année d’étude ? Comment accepter de devenir une variable d’ajustement environnementale en s’installant dans des déserts qui ne manquent pas seulement de médecins, mais aussi de services publics et d’emplois – comme en témoigne la fermeture de deux cents officines chaque année, alors que les pharmaciens bénéficient pourtant d’un numerus clausus d’installation qui leur garantit un certain chiffre d’affaires ? Et ce ne sont pas les propositions du professeur Vallancien, le pape de la pensée technocratique, qui veut transformer les médecins en manageurs d’un système financiarisé plutôt que de les former, qui amélioreront la situation. Soyons prudents : l’article 1er pose de gros problèmes. N’ajoutons pas une nouvelle fausse bonne idée à des difficultés bien réelles."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840665",
   "speaker": "Marie-José Allemand",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-José Allemand (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p536",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "536",
    "537"
   ],
   "order": 536,
   "text": "Le département des Hautes-Alpes a été cité plusieurs fois en exemple. Il est vrai que, dans le secteur du Champsaur-Valgaudemar, pourtant isolé, la volonté d’un médecin généraliste, le docteur Zecconi, a permis de créer trois maisons de santé et de faire venir de jeunes médecins qui se sont installés durablement. Dans le sud du département, toutefois, les communes en sont réduites à chercher des solutions pour permettre aux habitants de se soigner, comme à Orpierre, où des navettes leur sont proposées pour se rendre à Aix-en-Provence ou Marseille. Les disparités sont donc fortes. J’espère que ce texte permettra de les combler L’article 3, qui prévoit de permettre aux jeunes de se former dans leur département, est aussi très important pour faciliter le passage du lycée à la faculté de médecine, qui fonctionne de façon totalement différente. Nous pouvons d’ailleurs compter, dans les Hautes-Alpes, sur des professeurs qui s’impliquent bénévolement dans les lycées pour accompagner les élèves.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 156,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p536",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N442a44fadf7d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le département des Hautes-Alpes a été cité plusieurs fois en exemple. Il est vrai que, dans le secteur du Champsaur-Valgaudemar, pourtant isolé, la volonté d’un médecin généraliste, le docteur Zecconi, a permis de créer trois maisons de santé et de faire venir de jeunes médecins qui se sont installés durablement. Dans le sud du département, toutefois, les communes en sont réduites à chercher des solutions pour permettre aux habitants de se soigner, comme à Orpierre, où des navettes leur sont proposées pour se rendre à Aix-en-Provence ou Marseille. Les disparités sont donc fortes. J’espère que ce texte permettra de les combler L’article 3, qui prévoit de permettre aux jeunes de se former dans leur département, est aussi très important pour faciliter le passage du lycée à la faculté de médecine, qui fonctionne de façon totalement différente. Nous pouvons d’ailleurs compter, dans les Hautes-Alpes, sur des professeurs qui s’impliquent bénévolement dans les lycées pour accompagner les élèves."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793532",
   "speaker": "Murielle Lepvraud",
   "quality": "Mme Murielle Lepvraud (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p538",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "538",
    "539"
   ],
   "order": 538,
   "text": "Le texte répond également à une demande de nombreux élus locaux, qui nous ont alertés sur la situation désastreuse à laquelle ils sont confrontés, notamment en zone rurale. Rappelez-vous : une maire avait même interdit à ses administrés de tomber malades. Dans mon département des Côtes-d’Armor, plus de cinquante maires ont pris des arrêtés enjoignant à l’État d’agir urgemment pour faciliter l’accès aux soins. Vingt-neuf d’entre eux ont été assignés devant le tribunal administratif par la préfecture, qui veut faire suspendre ces arrêtés. La décision sera rendue demain Ce texte d’intérêt général nous permettrait de répondre non seulement aux attentes de la population, mais aussi à celle des élus locaux, qui nous demandent d’agir très rapidement.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 116,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p538",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nc3df4f999f55",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte répond également à une demande de nombreux élus locaux, qui nous ont alertés sur la situation désastreuse à laquelle ils sont confrontés, notamment en zone rurale. Rappelez-vous : une maire avait même interdit à ses administrés de tomber malades. Dans mon département des Côtes-d’Armor, plus de cinquante maires ont pris des arrêtés enjoignant à l’État d’agir urgemment pour faciliter l’accès aux soins. Vingt-neuf d’entre eux ont été assignés devant le tribunal administratif par la préfecture, qui veut faire suspendre ces arrêtés. La décision sera rendue demain Ce texte d’intérêt général nous permettrait de répondre non seulement aux attentes de la population, mais aussi à celle des élus locaux, qui nous demandent d’agir très rapidement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p540",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "540",
    "541",
    "542",
    "543",
    "544",
    "545"
   ],
   "order": 540,
   "text": "J’ai reçu le message suivant : « Madame la députée, « Je prends ce sujet qui me tient à cœur : la limitation de la liberté d’installation des praticiens, sujet que vous soutenez avec M. Garot et tous les autres députés, ceci à un moment où ma spécialité médicale, la gastro-entérologie, se casse la figure dans notre région Poitou-Charentes. Dans les Deux-Sèvres, en 2016, quatorze gastro-entérologues ; à l’automne 2025, ils ne seront plus que 6,4. J’ai cru voir ou entendre qu’une partie de la loi était passée pour les dentistes en 2025. Qu’en est-il pour les médecins généralistes et spécialistes ? Depuis deux ans, nous ne faisons plus correctement le dépistage du cancer du côlon dans les Deux-Sèvres, faute de moyens, et demandons à nos patients d’aller en Charente-Maritime ou en Gironde. Il y aura probablement des pertes de chance pour les patients. Le Conseil de l’Ordre est-il toujours opposé à cette loi ? « Merci pour vos réponses et pour votre aide, car au moment où je pars à la retraite, j’aimerais informer correctement mes patients et la population sur notre avenir sanitaire. » Ce message témoigne d’une réalité qu’il faut aussi prendre en compte : la souffrance des médecins qui restent, et qui attendent du renfort. La situation sur le terrain n’est plus celle que certains d’entre vous ont décrite et qui prévalait encore il y a cinq ou dix ans. Dans les Deux-Sèvres, 29 579 patients n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Ce sont autant de pertes de chance, de cas qui doivent être traités à l’hôpital parce qu’ils n’ont pas été pris en charge en médecine de ville – ou de campagne, en l’occurrence. Combien ces situations coûtent-elles à la sécurité sociale ? Je perçois un décalage entre la situation sur le terrain et les discours que certains tiennent dans cette commission.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 306,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p540",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nd1a36dc18290",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQS",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai reçu le message suivant : « Madame la députée, « Je prends ce sujet qui me tient à cœur : la limitation de la liberté d’installation des praticiens, sujet que vous soutenez avec M. Garot et tous les autres députés, ceci à un moment où ma spécialité médicale, la gastro-entérologie, se casse la figure dans notre région Poitou-Charentes. Dans les Deux-Sèvres, en 2016, quatorze gastro-entérologues ; à l’automne 2025, ils ne seront plus que 6,4. J’ai cru voir ou entendre qu’une partie de la loi était passée pour les dentistes en 2025. Qu’en est-il pour les médecins généralistes et spécialistes ? Depuis deux ans, nous ne faisons plus correctement le dépistage du cancer du côlon dans les Deux-Sèvres, faute de moyens, et demandons à nos patients d’aller en Charente-Maritime ou en Gironde. Il y aura probablement des pertes de chance pour les patients. Le Conseil de l’Ordre est-il toujours opposé à cette loi ? « Merci pour vos réponses et pour votre aide, car au moment où je pars à la retraite, j’aimerais informer correctement mes patients et la population sur notre avenir sanitaire. » Ce message témoigne d’une réalité qu’il faut aussi prendre en compte : la souffrance des médecins qui restent, et qui attendent du renfort. La situation sur le terrain n’est plus celle que certains d’entre vous ont décrite et qui prévalait encore il y a cinq ou dix ans. Dans les Deux-Sèvres, 29 579 patients n’ont pas de médecin traitant. Ce sont autant de pertes de chance, de cas qui doivent être traités à l’hôpital parce qu’ils n’ont pas été pris en charge en médecine de ville – ou de campagne, en l’occurrence. Combien ces situations coûtent-elles à la sécurité sociale ? Je perçois un décalage entre la situation sur le terrain et les discours que certains tiennent dans cette commission."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p546",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "546",
    "547",
    "548",
    "549"
   ],
   "order": 546,
   "text": "Je ne reviendrai pas sur le constat, que nous partageons tous. Certains ici estiment que, puisque nos actions passées n’ont pas encore porté leurs fruits, il faudrait absolument tenter quelque chose de nouveau Mais qu’en est-il des effets pervers qui, à coup sûr, aggraveront la situation ? Les étudiants en médecine vous ont fait part de leur rejet, dont l’ampleur montre bien qu’ils trouveront des stratégies pour ne pas avoir à s’installer là où ils ne le souhaiteront pas. Ils pourront suivre des formations complémentaires, ou encore s’orienter vers la médecine salariée, ce dont il résultera nécessairement une perte de temps médical, puisque les médecins libéraux travaillent au moins 50 heures par semaine, contre 35 heures pour les médecins salariés. Nous savons aussi que la désertification médicale en ville concerne encore davantage les spécialités que la médecine générale. Or, comme Thibault Bazin l’a souligné, ces dernières ne font l’objet d’aucun zonage. Vous allez pousser au départ des généralistes, qui adopteront des stratégies d’évitement et préféreront devenir salariés et exercer en entreprise ou à l’hôpital. Certes, les médecins salariés manquent également, mais, pour beaucoup, le professionnel de premier recours est bien le généraliste dans les campagnes. Enfin, comment comptez-vous répondre aux demandes des maires des grandes villes, comme Toulouse, qui subissent eux aussi la désertification médicale ? Les jeunes privilégieront certainement ces agglomérations, qui ont également besoin de médecins, au détriment des campagnes.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 232,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p546",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1070cc3a65fd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne reviendrai pas sur le constat, que nous partageons tous. Certains ici estiment que, puisque nos actions passées n’ont pas encore porté leurs fruits, il faudrait absolument tenter quelque chose de nouveau Mais qu’en est-il des effets pervers qui, à coup sûr, aggraveront la situation ? Les étudiants en médecine vous ont fait part de leur rejet, dont l’ampleur montre bien qu’ils trouveront des stratégies pour ne pas avoir à s’installer là où ils ne le souhaiteront pas. Ils pourront suivre des formations complémentaires, ou encore s’orienter vers la médecine salariée, ce dont il résultera nécessairement une perte de temps médical, puisque les médecins libéraux travaillent au moins 50 heures par semaine, contre 35 heures pour les médecins salariés. Nous savons aussi que la désertification médicale en ville concerne encore davantage les spécialités que la médecine générale. Or, comme [PERSONNE] l’a souligné, ces dernières ne font l’objet d’aucun zonage. Vous allez pousser au départ des généralistes, qui adopteront des stratégies d’évitement et préféreront devenir salariés et exercer en entreprise ou à l’hôpital. Certes, les médecins salariés manquent également, mais, pour beaucoup, le professionnel de premier recours est bien le généraliste dans les campagnes. Enfin, comment comptez-vous répondre aux demandes des maires des grandes villes, comme Toulouse, qui subissent eux aussi la désertification médicale ? Les jeunes privilégieront certainement ces agglomérations, qui ont également besoin de médecins, au détriment des campagnes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842211",
   "speaker": "Béatrice Bellay",
   "quality": "Mme Béatrice Bellay (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p550",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "550",
    "551",
    "552"
   ],
   "order": 550,
   "text": "Dans les pays des océans, dits d’outre-mer, on mesure depuis bien longtemps la perte de chance liée au manque d’accès aux soins : le risque n’y est pas d’être mal soigné, mais de mourir. Lorsqu’il faut rapatrier un malade par avion sur 8 000 kilomètres parce qu’on n’a pas su le soigner à l’hôpital ou en cabinet en raison de son isolement ou de son âge – la Martinique sera dans dix ans le plus vieux département de France, avec toutes les pathologies que cela implique –, la question des déserts médicaux se pose avec d’autant plus d’acuité Toutes les solutions ont certes leurs imperfections, mais cela ne signifie pas qu’il ne faille rien faire. J’ai échangé récemment avec M. Nayaradou, étudiant en médecine, qui se réjouissait de ce que, depuis 2023, il soit possible d’effectuer un cycle complet d’études de médecine aux Antilles. Il estimait néanmoins qu’il faudrait également prévoir des aides à l’installation. Juste avant lui, j’ai rencontré de jeunes médecins qui, ayant bénéficié de telles aides, reconnaissaient qu’il serait peut-être nécessaire de forcer un peu les choses, sans quoi ils choisiraient effectivement les endroits les plus attractifs pour eux, alors qu’ils devaient bien à la société de s’installer là où les besoins sont les plus grands. Je soutiens ce texte transpartisan, que j’apprécierai avec un regard particulier pour les pays des océans, dont la situation doit être examinée avec encore plus attention que celle des campagnes, qui sont pourtant déjà en grande difficulté.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 246,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p550",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N47dd5f0a4c78",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans les pays des océans, dits d’outre-mer, on mesure depuis bien longtemps la perte de chance liée au manque d’accès aux soins : le risque n’y est pas d’être mal soigné, mais de mourir. Lorsqu’il faut rapatrier un malade par avion sur 8 000 kilomètres parce qu’on n’a pas su le soigner à l’hôpital ou en cabinet en raison de son isolement ou de son âge – la Martinique sera dans dix ans le plus vieux département de France, avec toutes les pathologies que cela implique –, la question des déserts médicaux se pose avec d’autant plus d’acuité Toutes les solutions ont certes leurs imperfections, mais cela ne signifie pas qu’il ne faille rien faire. J’ai échangé récemment avec M. Nayaradou, étudiant en médecine, qui se réjouissait de ce que, depuis 2023, il soit possible d’effectuer un cycle complet d’études de médecine aux Antilles. Il estimait néanmoins qu’il faudrait également prévoir des aides à l’installation. Juste avant lui, j’ai rencontré de jeunes médecins qui, ayant bénéficié de telles aides, reconnaissaient qu’il serait peut-être nécessaire de forcer un peu les choses, sans quoi ils choisiraient effectivement les endroits les plus attractifs pour eux, alors qu’ils devaient bien à la société de s’installer là où les besoins sont les plus grands. Je soutiens ce texte transpartisan, que j’apprécierai avec un regard particulier pour les pays des océans, dont la situation doit être examinée avec encore plus attention que celle des campagnes, qui sont pourtant déjà en grande difficulté."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841091",
   "speaker": "Arnaud Simion",
   "quality": "M. Arnaud Simion (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p553",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "553",
    "554"
   ],
   "order": 553,
   "text": "Nous avons beaucoup parlé des collectivités, mais peut‑être pas suffisamment évoqué la concurrence quelquefois féroce qu’elles se livrent pour accueillir des professionnels de santé – ici une place en crèche, là un logement ou une MSP. Les inégalités existantes les incitent, dans un moment de raréfaction des budgets, à mobiliser des moyens financiers pour régler des problèmes qui ne relèvent pas de leur compétence Il faut donc voter cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p553",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na70bebd248b9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons beaucoup parlé des collectivités, mais peut‑être pas suffisamment évoqué la concurrence quelquefois féroce qu’elles se livrent pour accueillir des professionnels de santé – ici une place en crèche, là un logement ou une MSP. Les inégalités existantes les incitent, dans un moment de raréfaction des budgets, à mobiliser des moyens financiers pour régler des problèmes qui ne relèvent pas de leur compétence Il faut donc voter cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p555",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "555",
    "556",
    "557",
    "558",
    "559",
    "560"
   ],
   "order": 555,
   "text": "Je me réjouis de la qualité de nos échanges et des arguments avancés Nous présentons un texte de compromis entre différentes sensibilités politiques qui n’ont pas l’habitude de travailler ensemble, un texte qui peut nous rassembler pour avancer, pour offrir des perspectives, pour redonner espoir à des millions de Français qui se sentent abandonnés. Il est de notre responsabilité d’ouvrir un chemin. Ce que nous proposons est le fruit d’un travail de deux années et demie, au cours duquel nos convictions se sont rapprochées. Certains d’entre vous demandent qui serait concerné par la régulation de l’installation, mettant notamment en avant l’exercice libéral de la médecine. Vous avez raison, puisque le texte porte non seulement sur les généralistes, mais aussi sur les autres spécialistes en ville. D’autres craignent qu’en donnant le sentiment de compliquer l’installation en médecine libérale, on entraîne des déportements vers le salariat. J’ai donc déposé un amendement afin de préciser que la régulation, dans les territoires considérés, concernera également les médecins salariés exerçant en centre de santé. Vous n’aurez ainsi plus à vous inquiéter de ce que certains ont appelé une stigmatisation des médecins libéraux. Nous continuons de chercher le compromis et les voies du dialogue, comme nous l’avons toujours fait. Les praticiens concernés seront donc non seulement les médecins libéraux, généralistes comme spécialistes, mais aussi les médecins salariés, généralistes comme spécialistes, conventionnés ou non. C’est bien l’approche territoriale qui prévaudra. En l’état actuel du droit, seul 13 % du territoire national sera concerné : pour 87 % du pays, situés en zone d’intervention prioritaire (ZIP) ou en zone d’action complémentaire (ZAC), rien ne changera. Certains estiment, à raison, qu’il faudra remettre sur le métier la question du zonage national, pour disposer d’une photographie aussi fidèle et dynamique que possible, afin de pouvoir anticiper les futurs départs à trois ou cinq ans. Nous y sommes prêts et nous ferons des propositions pour rendre cet outil de pilotage aussi fin et efficace que possible. Enfin, à entendre certains, la régulation ne serait pas efficace. Pardon, chers collègues, mais elle l’est. Pourquoi fonctionnerait-elle pour toutes les professions de santé, sauf pour les médecins ? Les pharmaciens obéissent à des règles d’installation.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 361,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p555",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nd82ffeacab31",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je me réjouis de la qualité de nos échanges et des arguments avancés Nous présentons un texte de compromis entre différentes sensibilités politiques qui n’ont pas l’habitude de travailler ensemble, un texte qui peut nous rassembler pour avancer, pour offrir des perspectives, pour redonner espoir à des millions de Français qui se sentent abandonnés. Il est de notre responsabilité d’ouvrir un chemin. Ce que nous proposons est le fruit d’un travail de deux années et demie, au cours duquel nos convictions se sont rapprochées. Certains d’entre vous demandent qui serait concerné par la régulation de l’installation, mettant notamment en avant l’exercice libéral de la médecine. Vous avez raison, puisque le texte porte non seulement sur les généralistes, mais aussi sur les autres spécialistes en ville. D’autres craignent qu’en donnant le sentiment de compliquer l’installation en médecine libérale, on entraîne des déportements vers le salariat. J’ai donc déposé un amendement afin de préciser que la régulation, dans les territoires considérés, concernera également les médecins salariés exerçant en centre de santé. Vous n’aurez ainsi plus à vous inquiéter de ce que certains ont appelé une stigmatisation des médecins libéraux. Nous continuons de chercher le compromis et les voies du dialogue, comme nous l’avons toujours fait. Les praticiens concernés seront donc non seulement les médecins libéraux, généralistes comme spécialistes, mais aussi les médecins salariés, généralistes comme spécialistes, conventionnés ou non. C’est bien l’approche territoriale qui prévaudra. En l’état actuel du droit, seul 13 % du territoire national sera concerné : pour 87 % du pays, situés en zone d’intervention prioritaire (ZIP) ou en zone d’action complémentaire (ZAC), rien ne changera. Certains estiment, à raison, qu’il faudra remettre sur le métier la question du zonage national, pour disposer d’une photographie aussi fidèle et dynamique que possible, afin de pouvoir anticiper les futurs départs à trois ou cinq ans. Nous y sommes prêts et nous ferons des propositions pour rendre cet outil de pilotage aussi fin et efficace que possible. Enfin, à entendre certains, la régulation ne serait pas efficace. Pardon, chers collègues, mais elle l’est. Pourquoi fonctionnerait-elle pour toutes les professions de santé, sauf pour les médecins ? Les pharmaciens obéissent à des règles d’installation."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p562",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "562",
    "563"
   ],
   "order": 562,
   "text": "Il y a des officines partout en France : aucun département, aucun territoire n’en est dépourvu. La même démonstration vaut pour les infirmières et pour les masseurs-kinésithérapeutes. D’après une note de l’Institut de recherche et documentation en économie de la santé publiée en 2022, que je vous invite à consulter, « Le “zonage infirmier”, introduit depuis 2012, a permis d’améliorer la répartition territoriale des infirmières libérales. Son impact est particulièrement marqué dans les territoires surdotés. » Un dispositif de régulation similaire s’applique aux chirurgiens-dentistes, sans que cela pose de difficulté Je vous renvoie à la récente étude conduite par un chercheur associé à l’université de Lille, qui, tentant d’évaluer la portée de notre proposition, a conclu qu’elle concernerait chaque année environ 400 généralistes qui ne pourront plus s’installer dans les 13 % du territoire déjà suffisamment dotés. Un médecin suivant en moyenne 1 700 patients par an, ce seraient ainsi 600 000 personnes habitant dans les 87 % restant qui pourraient retrouver un médecin tous les ans. Voilà qui devrait nous interpeller, nous qui sommes réunis pour trouver des réponses ensemble, dans cet esprit de dialogue et de compromis qui nous a permis d’avancer et dont nous espérons que vous le partagerez tous.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 5 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p58",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 203,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p562",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ndd94752ce3ed",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a des officines partout en France : aucun département, aucun territoire n’en est dépourvu. La même démonstration vaut pour les infirmières et pour les masseurs-kinésithérapeutes. D’après une note de l’Institut de recherche et documentation en économie de la santé publiée en 2022, que je vous invite à consulter, « Le “zonage infirmier”, introduit depuis 2012, a permis d’améliorer la répartition territoriale des infirmières libérales. Son impact est particulièrement marqué dans les territoires surdotés. » Un dispositif de régulation similaire s’applique aux chirurgiens-dentistes, sans que cela pose de difficulté Je vous renvoie à la récente étude conduite par un chercheur associé à l’université de Lille, qui, tentant d’évaluer la portée de notre proposition, a conclu qu’elle concernerait chaque année environ 400 généralistes qui ne pourront plus s’installer dans les 13 % du territoire déjà suffisamment dotés. Un médecin suivant en moyenne 1 700 patients par an, ce seraient ainsi 600 000 personnes habitant dans les 87 % restant qui pourraient retrouver un médecin tous les ans. Voilà qui devrait nous interpeller, nous qui sommes réunis pour trouver des réponses ensemble, dans cet esprit de dialogue et de compromis qui nous a permis d’avancer et dont nous espérons que vous le partagerez tous."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p566",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "566",
    "567",
    "568",
    "569"
   ],
   "order": 566,
   "text": "Je partage le constat qui a été fait. Diverses choses, trop nombreuses pour être résumées en quelques minutes, ont été tentées. Personne, malheureusement, n’a de baguette magique. En revanche, il est certain que cet article est une fausse bonne idée, pour de multiples raisons D’abord, il nuira à l’attractivité de l’exercice libéral, donc aux nouvelles installations. Ensuite, puisque les médecins manquent partout, il sera facile de contourner cette mesure en optant pour l’hôpital, la médecine scolaire, la médecine du travail, voire la médecine esthétique ou, pire, le secteur 3. Des effets de bord bien réels se feraient donc ressentir si ces dispositions devaient s’appliquer. Les précédents ne sont pas non plus encourageants : l’Allemagne, qui a instauré une mesure comparable, en revient. Le numerus clausus imposé aux infirmières a en partie résolu le problème dans les zones surdotées, mais pas ailleurs. Il faudra enfin aller expliquer, dans chaque circonscription, quelles sont les zones où aucun nouveau médecin ne pourra s’installer, ce qui sera loin d’être aisé. On atteint ici les limites de la démagogie des quelque 250 signataires de cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 183,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p566",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N7047fd1e51e5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage le constat qui a été fait. Diverses choses, trop nombreuses pour être résumées en quelques minutes, ont été tentées. Personne, malheureusement, n’a de baguette magique. En revanche, il est certain que cet article est une fausse bonne idée, pour de multiples raisons D’abord, il nuira à l’attractivité de l’exercice libéral, donc aux nouvelles installations. Ensuite, puisque les médecins manquent partout, il sera facile de contourner cette mesure en optant pour l’hôpital, la médecine scolaire, la médecine du travail, voire la médecine esthétique ou, pire, le secteur 3. Des effets de bord bien réels se feraient donc ressentir si ces dispositions devaient s’appliquer. Les précédents ne sont pas non plus encourageants : l’Allemagne, qui a instauré une mesure comparable, en revient. Le numerus clausus imposé aux infirmières a en partie résolu le problème dans les zones surdotées, mais pas ailleurs. Il faudra enfin aller expliquer, dans chaque circonscription, quelles sont les zones où aucun nouveau médecin ne pourra s’installer, ce qui sera loin d’être aisé. On atteint ici les limites de la démagogie des quelque 250 signataires de cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin, rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p570",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "570",
    "571",
    "572",
    "573"
   ],
   "order": 570,
   "text": "Vous n’avez pas répondu à ma question sur les spécialités non soumises à un zonage. Comment votre dispositif pourrait-il s’y appliquer ? Puisqu’on nous a accusés de ne pas formuler de propositions, je précise que j’ai déposé des amendements qui ont été jugés irrecevables, notamment en vue de créer des assistants territoriaux, qui auraient été efficaces très rapidement, ou encore d’intégrer des modules préparatoires au concours de première année de médecine dans les cursus de première et de terminale pour les départements en difficulté – même si je reconnais qu’il s’agit là d’une mesure de plus long terme. Votre amendement AS84 mêle installation et salariat, ce qui pose un problème légistique. D’une part, le code de la santé publique renvoie les modalités d’installation au domaine réglementaire. D’autre part, peut-on parler d’installation pour un médecin exerçant à titre salarié ? Ce point mériterait de faire l’objet d’une expertise. Nous devrions avant tout nous demander comment faire en sorte que davantage d’étudiants fassent le choix de l’installation. Cet article le permettra-t-il ? Voulons-nous augmenter le flux, ou le répartir différemment ? Dans un contexte de pénurie, avec tant de postes à pourvoir, ne risquons-nous pas de réduire encore le nombre d’installations, sans que cela soit compensé par une meilleure répartition des praticiens en faveur des 87 % de déserts médicaux ?",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 219,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p570",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N6c9cd3b9ac29",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous n’avez pas répondu à ma question sur les spécialités non soumises à un zonage. Comment votre dispositif pourrait-il s’y appliquer ? Puisqu’on nous a accusés de ne pas formuler de propositions, je précise que j’ai déposé des amendements qui ont été jugés irrecevables, notamment en vue de créer des assistants territoriaux, qui auraient été efficaces très rapidement, ou encore d’intégrer des modules préparatoires au concours de première année de médecine dans les cursus de première et de terminale pour les départements en difficulté – même si je reconnais qu’il s’agit là d’une mesure de plus long terme. Votre amendement AS84 mêle installation et salariat, ce qui pose un problème légistique. D’une part, le code de la santé publique renvoie les modalités d’installation au domaine réglementaire. D’autre part, peut-on parler d’installation pour un médecin exerçant à titre salarié ? Ce point mériterait de faire l’objet d’une expertise. Nous devrions avant tout nous demander comment faire en sorte que davantage d’étudiants fassent le choix de l’installation. Cet article le permettra-t-il ? Voulons-nous augmenter le flux, ou le répartir différemment ? Dans un contexte de pénurie, avec tant de postes à pourvoir, ne risquons-nous pas de réduire encore le nombre d’installations, sans que cela soit compensé par une meilleure répartition des praticiens en faveur des 87 % de déserts médicaux ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p574",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "574",
    "575",
    "576"
   ],
   "order": 574,
   "text": "L’adoption de l’article 1er risquerait de décourager les vocations médicales et d’aggraver la crise des ressources humaines dans le domaine de la santé L’installation des professionnels de santé repose sur des choix personnels et familiaux légitimes, liés à la qualité de vie, aux conditions de travail et aux opportunités professionnelles. Imposer des contraintes géographiques pourrait rendre l’exercice libéral moins attractif et détourner les futurs médecins vers d’autres modes d’exercice ou d’autres pays. La coercition ne permet pas de traiter les véritables causes de la désertification médicale telles que la diminution de l’attractivité du métier, la dégradation des conditions de travail, l’absence d’infrastructures adaptées et la lourdeur administrative. Il serait plus opportun d’inciter les médecins à exercer dans les zones sous‑dotées en améliorant leurs conditions d’installation, en renforçant l’exercice coordonné et en simplifiant les démarches administratives. L’article 1er pourrait également créer des disparités et susciter des frustrations au sein du corps médical. Alors que les professions de santé nécessitent une formation longue et exigeante, il serait injuste d’imposer aux seuls médecins des obligations d’installation sans tenir compte des difficultés que cela provoquerait, tant pour eux que pour leurs patients. Je le répète, il faut préférer aux mesures coercitives des politiques incitatives fondées sur l’accompagnement, la valorisation des territoires en tension et l’amélioration des conditions d’exercice.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 214,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p574",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1993fa3d990b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’adoption de l’article 1er risquerait de décourager les vocations médicales et d’aggraver la crise des ressources humaines dans le domaine de la santé L’installation des professionnels de santé repose sur des choix personnels et familiaux légitimes, liés à la qualité de vie, aux conditions de travail et aux opportunités professionnelles. Imposer des contraintes géographiques pourrait rendre l’exercice libéral moins attractif et détourner les futurs médecins vers d’autres modes d’exercice ou d’autres pays. La coercition ne permet pas de traiter les véritables causes de la désertification médicale telles que la diminution de l’attractivité du métier, la dégradation des conditions de travail, l’absence d’infrastructures adaptées et la lourdeur administrative. Il serait plus opportun d’inciter les médecins à exercer dans les zones sous‑dotées en améliorant leurs conditions d’installation, en renforçant l’exercice coordonné et en simplifiant les démarches administratives. L’article 1er pourrait également créer des disparités et susciter des frustrations au sein du corps médical. Alors que les professions de santé nécessitent une formation longue et exigeante, il serait injuste d’imposer aux seuls médecins des obligations d’installation sans tenir compte des difficultés que cela provoquerait, tant pour eux que pour leurs patients. Je le répète, il faut préférer aux mesures coercitives des politiques incitatives fondées sur l’accompagnement, la valorisation des territoires en tension et l’amélioration des conditions d’exercice."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p577",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "577"
   ],
   "order": 577,
   "text": "Croyez-vous sincèrement qu’en empêchant des médecins, généralistes ou spécialistes, de s’installer sur 13 % du territoire, vous les inciterez à exercer en libéral sur les 87 % restants ? Pour contourner cette contrainte d’installation, ils se tourneront plutôt vers l’hôpital, où des milliers de postes ne sont pas pourvus",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p577",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1568b2771e1e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Croyez-vous sincèrement qu’en empêchant des médecins, généralistes ou spécialistes, de s’installer sur 13 % du territoire, vous les inciterez à exercer en libéral sur les 87 % restants ? Pour contourner cette contrainte d’installation, ils se tourneront plutôt vers l’hôpital, où des milliers de postes ne sont pas pourvus"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p578",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "578",
    "579",
    "580",
    "581",
    "582",
    "583"
   ],
   "order": 578,
   "text": "Après des années de régulation des entrées en études de médecine, allons-nous voir venir des années de régulation des sorties ? Ce texte fera des dégâts et des déçus. Des déçus, d’abord, parce que de multiples exemples étrangers montrent que la régulation de la pénurie ne fonctionne pas. Au Royaume-Uni, un rapport de 2017 l’a qualifiée d’« échec désastreux », tandis que les mesures allant dans ce sens en Suisse et au Québec n’ont pas fonctionné. Aux Pays-Bas, cette politique a même été abandonnée en 1992. Du reste, ce texte vise à créer une véritable usine à gaz, à l’heure où tout le monde aspire à la simplification. Des dégâts, aussi, pour nos jeunes étudiants, qui ont déjà du mal à s’installer en médecine générale : ils iront donc ailleurs. Ceux qui envisagent de s’engager dans des études de médecine risquent d’en être dissuadés : ainsi, depuis que l’installation des pharmaciens est régulée, les étudiants sont moins nombreux dans les facultés de pharmacie. Quant aux médecins déjà installés, ils se verront stigmatisés, bien qu’ils ne soient en rien responsables de la situation actuelle. Alors que 6 400 candidats ont été reçus au concours en 1981, le nombre de places offertes n’était plus que de 3 500 en 1995, avant de remonter pour atteindre 7 500 en 2012. Personne, à l’époque, n’a souhaité relever le numerus clausus, alors que les données démographiques étaient déjà connues. Notre choix est bien différent : c’est celui de la confiance et du pragmatisme. S’il n’y a pas assez de médecins, alors il faut en former davantage. Voilà pourquoi nous avons supprimé le numerus clausus, en 2018, créé la fonction d’assistant médical et autorisé l’accès direct aux kinésithérapeutes, pharmaciens, orthophonistes et sages-femmes. Nous avons aussi proposé des partages de compétences, notamment dans la proposition de loi sur la profession d’infirmier, dans le cadre d’un exercice coordonné où le médecin généraliste a toute sa place. Nous avons favorisé les structures de soins coordonnés telles que les CPTS. Grâce à la création de la dernière année de spécialité en médecine générale, des docteurs juniors iront, dès la rentrée 2026, dans tous les territoires : ils seront 3 700 l’année prochaine, dont trente‑quatre dans le Cantal, trente-quatre en Ardèche et quarante-cinq en Mayenne. Leur nombre augmentera progressivement, puisque les étudiants en médecine sont de plus en plus nombreux : 12 000 ont été admis en deuxième année en 2024, tandis que 16 000 lauréats sont attendus en 2027. Ces mesures de bon sens sont progressivement mises en œuvre. La Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie (Cnam) constate d’ailleurs que 25 % des patients qui n’avaient pas de médecin traitant il y a trois ans en sont maintenant pourvus. Nous nous concentrerons désormais sur la formation et le développement de ces mesures. Comme l’a dit un homme politique célèbre, il faut laisser du temps au temps !",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 476,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p578",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1ba5e90f7276",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Après des années de régulation des entrées en études de médecine, allons-nous voir venir des années de régulation des sorties ? Ce texte fera des dégâts et des déçus. Des déçus, d’abord, parce que de multiples exemples étrangers montrent que la régulation de la pénurie ne fonctionne pas. Au Royaume-Uni, un rapport de 2017 l’a qualifiée d’« échec désastreux », tandis que les mesures allant dans ce sens en Suisse et au Québec n’ont pas fonctionné. Aux Pays-Bas, cette politique a même été abandonnée en 1992. Du reste, ce texte vise à créer une véritable usine à gaz, à l’heure où tout le monde aspire à la simplification. Des dégâts, aussi, pour nos jeunes étudiants, qui ont déjà du mal à s’installer en médecine générale : ils iront donc ailleurs. Ceux qui envisagent de s’engager dans des études de médecine risquent d’en être dissuadés : ainsi, depuis que l’installation des pharmaciens est régulée, les étudiants sont moins nombreux dans les facultés de pharmacie. Quant aux médecins déjà installés, ils se verront stigmatisés, bien qu’ils ne soient en rien responsables de la situation actuelle. Alors que 6 400 candidats ont été reçus au concours en 1981, le nombre de places offertes n’était plus que de 3 500 en 1995, avant de remonter pour atteindre 7 500 en 2012. Personne, à l’époque, n’a souhaité relever le numerus clausus, alors que les données démographiques étaient déjà connues. Notre choix est bien différent : c’est celui de la confiance et du pragmatisme. S’il n’y a pas assez de médecins, alors il faut en former davantage. Voilà pourquoi nous avons supprimé le numerus clausus, en 2018, créé la fonction d’assistant médical et autorisé l’accès direct aux kinésithérapeutes, pharmaciens, orthophonistes et sages-femmes. Nous avons aussi proposé des partages de compétences, notamment dans la proposition de loi sur la profession d’infirmier, dans le cadre d’un exercice coordonné où le médecin généraliste a toute sa place. Nous avons favorisé les structures de soins coordonnés telles que les CPTS. Grâce à la création de la dernière année de spécialité en médecine générale, des docteurs juniors iront, dès la rentrée 2026, dans tous les territoires : ils seront 3 700 l’année prochaine, dont trente‑quatre dans le Cantal, trente-quatre en Ardèche et quarante-cinq en Mayenne. Leur nombre augmentera progressivement, puisque les étudiants en médecine sont de plus en plus nombreux : 12 000 ont été admis en deuxième année en 2024, tandis que 16 000 lauréats sont attendus en 2027. Ces mesures de bon sens sont progressivement mises en œuvre. La Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie (Cnam) constate d’ailleurs que 25 % des patients qui n’avaient pas de médecin traitant il y a trois ans en sont maintenant pourvus. Nous nous concentrerons désormais sur la formation et le développement de ces mesures. Comme l’a dit un homme politique célèbre, il faut laisser du temps au temps !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p584",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "584",
    "585",
    "586"
   ],
   "order": 584,
   "text": "J’aimerais expliquer mon opposition à cet article 1er en relevant les problèmes pratiques que poserait sa mise en œuvre. Je note qu’il ne concerne que les généralistes, puisqu’il n’y a pas de zonage pour les spécialistes Vous nous dites de ne pas nous inquiéter, car 91 % du territoire ne sera pas concerné. Effectivement, 97 % de la région Centre-Val de Loire appartient à une ZIP ou à une ZAC : les médecins sont tranquilles, puisqu’ils pourront s’installer partout. En revanche, l’Aquitaine ne sera couverte qu’à 50 % ou 70 % par ces zones redéfinies : vous pourrez donc prélever des médecins dans au moins 30 % du territoire. Si je ne me trompe pas, vous estimez qu’environ 400 médecins pourraient être ainsi redistribués.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 124,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p584",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na38c75255764",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’aimerais expliquer mon opposition à cet article 1er en relevant les problèmes pratiques que poserait sa mise en œuvre. Je note qu’il ne concerne que les généralistes, puisqu’il n’y a pas de zonage pour les spécialistes Vous nous dites de ne pas nous inquiéter, car 91 % du territoire ne sera pas concerné. Effectivement, 97 % de la région Centre-Val de Loire appartient à une ZIP ou à une ZAC : les médecins sont tranquilles, puisqu’ils pourront s’installer partout. En revanche, l’Aquitaine ne sera couverte qu’à 50 % ou 70 % par ces zones redéfinies : vous pourrez donc prélever des médecins dans au moins 30 % du territoire. Si je ne me trompe pas, vous estimez qu’environ 400 médecins pourraient être ainsi redistribués."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p588",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "588",
    "589",
    "590",
    "591"
   ],
   "order": 588,
   "text": "Or, 400 médecins pour 91 % du territoire, c’est 400 médecins pour 32 760 communes. Il va donc falloir faire des choix Par ailleurs, comment réagiront les étudiants en médecine ? Mettons-nous à la place de celui qui aurait étudié à Nice, Bordeaux ou Lyon, et qui voudrait rester dans cette ville. Pour y exercer comme généraliste, il devra demander une autorisation à l’ARS, qui la lui refusera, à moins qu’un médecin parte à la retraite. Il encouragera donc un médecin déjà installé à prendre sa retraite plus tôt et à lui vendre sa clientèle : il en résultera une diminution du temps médical. Une autre solution, pour ce jeune médecin désireux d’exercer dans la ville où il a étudié, sera de travailler à l’hôpital. En dépit de votre amendement AS84, qui vise à étendre le champ d’application de l’article aux médecins exerçant à titre salarié, comment pourrez‑vous l’empêcher de prendre un poste à l’hôpital de Nice, dans un centre de santé ou dans une clinique privée ? Là encore, vous allez plutôt diminuer le temps médical disponible, qui est moindre dans ces structures collectives que dans le cadre d’un exercice libéral. Une troisième possibilité sera de choisir une autre spécialité. Ainsi, certains étudiants en deuxième ou troisième année d’internat arrêtent leur cursus pour s’installer où ils le veulent en tant que micronutritionnistes ou phytothérapeutes. C’est contre cette tendance que nous devons nous battre.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 234,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p588",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1c4aca544a3b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Or, 400 médecins pour 91 % du territoire, c’est 400 médecins pour 32 760 communes. Il va donc falloir faire des choix Par ailleurs, comment réagiront les étudiants en médecine ? Mettons-nous à la place de celui qui aurait étudié à Nice, Bordeaux ou Lyon, et qui voudrait rester dans cette ville. Pour y exercer comme généraliste, il devra demander une autorisation à l’ARS, qui la lui refusera, à moins qu’un médecin parte à la retraite. Il encouragera donc un médecin déjà installé à prendre sa retraite plus tôt et à lui vendre sa clientèle : il en résultera une diminution du temps médical. Une autre solution, pour ce jeune médecin désireux d’exercer dans la ville où il a étudié, sera de travailler à l’hôpital. En dépit de votre amendement AS84, qui vise à étendre le champ d’application de l’article aux médecins exerçant à titre salarié, comment pourrez‑vous l’empêcher de prendre un poste à l’hôpital de Nice, dans un centre de santé ou dans une clinique privée ? Là encore, vous allez plutôt diminuer le temps médical disponible, qui est moindre dans ces structures collectives que dans le cadre d’un exercice libéral. Une troisième possibilité sera de choisir une autre spécialité. Ainsi, certains étudiants en deuxième ou troisième année d’internat arrêtent leur cursus pour s’installer où ils le veulent en tant que micronutritionnistes ou phytothérapeutes. C’est contre cette tendance que nous devons nous battre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p599",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "599",
    "600"
   ],
   "order": 599,
   "text": "Vous dites que seuls 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent en libéral : cela montre bien que le système ne fonctionne pas En outre, les médecins exercent une mission de service public et doivent donc respecter les valeurs qui vont avec : il est absolument indispensable qu’ils puissent accueillir tout le monde et répartir les soins dispensés sur l’ensemble du territoire. C’est ce que permet précisément la proposition de loi de M. Garot, qui me paraît à ce titre intéressante. La répartition équitable du service public de santé doit passer avant les préoccupations des jeunes médecins. Le principe supérieur que nous devons tous suivre, dans notre assemblée, est la préservation de la santé des Français.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p599",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf303f8b7b52",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous dites que seuls 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent en libéral : cela montre bien que le système ne fonctionne pas En outre, les médecins exercent une mission de service public et doivent donc respecter les valeurs qui vont avec : il est absolument indispensable qu’ils puissent accueillir tout le monde et répartir les soins dispensés sur l’ensemble du territoire. C’est ce que permet précisément la proposition de loi de M. Garot, qui me paraît à ce titre intéressante. La répartition équitable du service public de santé doit passer avant les préoccupations des jeunes médecins. Le principe supérieur que nous devons tous suivre, dans notre assemblée, est la préservation de la santé des Français."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793532",
   "speaker": "Murielle Lepvraud",
   "quality": "Mme Murielle Lepvraud (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p601",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "601",
    "602"
   ],
   "order": 601,
   "text": "Les auteurs des amendements de suppression ont mis en avant le manque d’attractivité du métier. Or cette proposition de loi vise précisément à améliorer les conditions de travail des médecins, en répartissant leur présence, et donc leur charge de travail, de manière plus harmonieuse sur le territoire. Nous voulons éviter que des médecins soient surchargés de travail tandis que des patients soient laissés à l’abandon. Du reste, l’exercice collectif et salarié de la profession de médecin permet également une amélioration des conditions de travail, puisque l’appartenance à un centre de santé monodisciplinaire diminue en moyenne de cinq heures par semaine le temps de travail d’un médecin Alors que les médecins choisissent leur installation depuis de nombreuses années, 87 % du territoire peut être qualifié de désert médical. La profession n’est donc pas parvenue à assurer par elle-même un maillage équitable du territoire. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons légiférer. Il est hors de question de supprimer l’article 1er, l’instauration d’une régulation étant au cœur de notre proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 170,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p601",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N5f4cf8e37c64",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les auteurs des amendements de suppression ont mis en avant le manque d’attractivité du métier. Or cette proposition de loi vise précisément à améliorer les conditions de travail des médecins, en répartissant leur présence, et donc leur charge de travail, de manière plus harmonieuse sur le territoire. Nous voulons éviter que des médecins soient surchargés de travail tandis que des patients soient laissés à l’abandon. Du reste, l’exercice collectif et salarié de la profession de médecin permet également une amélioration des conditions de travail, puisque l’appartenance à un centre de santé monodisciplinaire diminue en moyenne de cinq heures par semaine le temps de travail d’un médecin Alors que les médecins choisissent leur installation depuis de nombreuses années, 87 % du territoire peut être qualifié de désert médical. La profession n’est donc pas parvenue à assurer par elle-même un maillage équitable du territoire. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous souhaitons légiférer. Il est hors de question de supprimer l’article 1er, l’instauration d’une régulation étant au cœur de notre proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p603",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "603"
   ],
   "order": 603,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi dénote en réalité une conception très socialiste du système de santé : que l’on soit deux, dix ou cinquante à vouloir du gâteau, vous vous échinez à le diviser, encore et encore. Or, dans le socialisme, tout le monde est perdant. Au sein du désert médical français, il y a quelques zones à peu près dotées, ou tout juste dotées, et beaucoup de zones sous‑dotées. La coercition que vous proposez ne fera donc, au mieux, que déplacer des médecins des zones à peu près dotées vers des zones sous‑dotées. Autrement dit, vous allez créer de nouveaux déserts médicaux",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p603",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf1c97fbd159",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi dénote en réalité une conception très [GROUPE] du système de santé : que l’on soit deux, dix ou cinquante à vouloir du gâteau, vous vous échinez à le diviser, encore et encore. Or, dans le socialisme, tout le monde est perdant. Au sein du désert médical français, il y a quelques zones à peu près dotées, ou tout juste dotées, et beaucoup de zones sous‑dotées. La coercition que vous proposez ne fera donc, au mieux, que déplacer des médecins des zones à peu près dotées vers des zones sous‑dotées. Autrement dit, vous allez créer de nouveaux déserts médicaux"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841091",
   "speaker": "Arnaud Simion",
   "quality": "M. Arnaud Simion (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p604",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "604",
    "605",
    "606",
    "607"
   ],
   "order": 604,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi est transpartisane, et non socialiste, même si cela ne me déplairait pas Les mesures incitatives ne sont pas déterminantes dans le choix d’installation d’un médecin. Ainsi, la Cour des comptes souligne, dans son rapport public thématique de mai 2024 consacré à l’organisation territoriale des soins de premier recours, que les incitations financières à l’installation ne jouent que marginalement dans le choix du lieu d’exercice ; à l’inverse, les facteurs personnels et les conditions d’exercice, notamment la possibilité de maîtriser sa charge de travail et surtout de ne pas être isolé professionnellement, apparaissent déterminants, pour ne pas dire essentiels. Par ailleurs, la régulation fonctionne. Ainsi, la profession de pharmacien, régulée de manière stricte et ancienne, se caractérise par un maillage territorial dense et équitable. La France compte trente officines pour 100 000 habitants, contre vingt-huit, en moyenne, dans les pays de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques. L’immense majorité de la population française a accès à une officine en moins de 15 minutes de trajet routier, et plus du tiers des officines sont situées dans des communes de moins de 5 000 habitants. La régulation à l’installation a également fait ses preuves à l’étranger. Ainsi, depuis la réunification, l’Allemagne régule le conventionnement des médecins par le biais d’associations de professionnels, qui ne délivrent pas de nouvelle autorisation d’installation si le quota de médecins défini pour la zone dépasse 110 %. En 2018, une étude de la sécurité sociale allemande estimait que 99,8 % de la population du pays avait accès à un médecin généraliste en moins de 10 minutes en voiture, et que 99 % des Allemands pouvaient atteindre un spécialiste en moins de 30 minutes.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 280,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p604",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N57464ede8503",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi est transpartisane, et non [GROUPE], même si cela ne me déplairait pas Les mesures incitatives ne sont pas déterminantes dans le choix d’installation d’un médecin. Ainsi, la Cour des comptes souligne, dans son rapport public thématique de mai 2024 consacré à l’organisation territoriale des soins de premier recours, que les incitations financières à l’installation ne jouent que marginalement dans le choix du lieu d’exercice ; à l’inverse, les facteurs personnels et les conditions d’exercice, notamment la possibilité de maîtriser sa charge de travail et surtout de ne pas être isolé professionnellement, apparaissent déterminants, pour ne pas dire essentiels. Par ailleurs, la régulation fonctionne. Ainsi, la profession de pharmacien, régulée de manière stricte et ancienne, se caractérise par un maillage territorial dense et équitable. La France compte trente officines pour 100 000 habitants, contre vingt-huit, en moyenne, dans les pays de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques. L’immense majorité de la population française a accès à une officine en moins de 15 minutes de trajet routier, et plus du tiers des officines sont situées dans des communes de moins de 5 000 habitants. La régulation à l’installation a également fait ses preuves à l’étranger. Ainsi, depuis la réunification, l’Allemagne régule le conventionnement des médecins par le biais d’associations de professionnels, qui ne délivrent pas de nouvelle autorisation d’installation si le quota de médecins défini pour la zone dépasse 110 %. En 2018, une étude de la sécurité sociale allemande estimait que 99,8 % de la population du pays avait accès à un médecin généraliste en moins de 10 minutes en voiture, et que 99 % des Allemands pouvaient atteindre un spécialiste en moins de 30 minutes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p608",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "608",
    "609",
    "610",
    "611"
   ],
   "order": 608,
   "text": "On parle beaucoup de ce que veulent les médecins, mais jamais de ce que veulent les patients. Or ces derniers ont besoin d’être soignés. Vos amendements de suppression dénotent une position très idéologique : vous refusez toute discussion sur la question de la régulation. À aucun moment le rapporteur n’a prétendu que la proposition de loi transpartisane était une solution miracle, qui allait tout régler. Nous pensons cependant qu’elle va améliorer les choses Que vous ayez des exigences, je trouve cela très bien. Même si tous les dysfonctionnements que vous mettez en avant existent déjà en l’absence de régulation, rien ne vous empêche de faire usage de votre droit d’amendement pour rentrer dans le débat. Puisque le rapporteur se montre ouvert, vous pourriez même être entendus ! Refuser le débat sur la régulation, c’est, en quelque sorte, accepter les déséquilibres. J’ai écouté les arguments du Rassemblement national. Non, il n’y a pas que des territoires moyennement dotés et des territoires sous‑dotés : il y a aussi des territoires très bien dotés en médecins libéraux. Vous pouvez obtenir un rendez-vous chez un angiologue en dix jours à Paris, quand il faut compter six mois à Moulins. Vous essayez de faire peur aux médecins, mais cette proposition de loi n’a rien de coercitif. Une mesure coercitive serait, par exemple, d’interdire aux médecins d’être élus députés, parce qu’il faut conserver du temps médical. (Applaudissements.)",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 231,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p608",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N4c683f048488",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On parle beaucoup de ce que veulent les médecins, mais jamais de ce que veulent les patients. Or ces derniers ont besoin d’être soignés. Vos amendements de suppression dénotent une position très idéologique : vous refusez toute discussion sur la question de la régulation. À aucun moment le rapporteur n’a prétendu que la proposition de loi transpartisane était une solution miracle, qui allait tout régler. Nous pensons cependant qu’elle va améliorer les choses Que vous ayez des exigences, je trouve cela très bien. Même si tous les dysfonctionnements que vous mettez en avant existent déjà en l’absence de régulation, rien ne vous empêche de faire usage de votre droit d’amendement pour rentrer dans le débat. Puisque le rapporteur se montre ouvert, vous pourriez même être entendus ! Refuser le débat sur la régulation, c’est, en quelque sorte, accepter les déséquilibres. J’ai écouté les arguments du [GROUPE]. Non, il n’y a pas que des territoires moyennement dotés et des territoires sous‑dotés : il y a aussi des territoires très bien dotés en médecins libéraux. Vous pouvez obtenir un rendez-vous chez un angiologue en dix jours à Paris, quand il faut compter six mois à Moulins. Vous essayez de faire peur aux médecins, mais cette proposition de loi n’a rien de coercitif. Une mesure coercitive serait, par exemple, d’interdire aux médecins d’être élus députés, parce qu’il faut conserver du temps médical. (Applaudissements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p612",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "612",
    "613",
    "614",
    "615",
    "616",
    "617",
    "618"
   ],
   "order": 612,
   "text": "Je constate que la défense de ces amendements de suppression mobilise un ancien ministre, le rapporteur général et le président de la commission. Tout le monde y va de son couplet pour barrer la route à cette modeste proposition de loi Nous n’avons absolument pas l’intention de tout régler. Contrairement au personnage interprété par Alain Delon dans le magnifique film Le Guépard, nous ne voulons pas que « tout change pour que rien ne change ». Personne ne parle du burn-out des médecins qui reçoivent cinquante patients par jour. Ils suivent nos débats ce matin, et certains m’envoient des SMS pour me remercier de penser à eux. Personne ne parle non plus des toubibs de 70, 75 ou 80 ans qui assurent des remplacements et sans qui tout le système s’effondrerait. Nos collègues de gauche apprécieront certainement ce cumul emploi-retraite ! L’article 1er n’empêcherait que 500 ou 600 installations de médecins dans les zones surdotées. En séance, je pourrai essayer de prendre, sur Doctolib, un rendez-vous chez un dermatologue à Biarritz... Essayons, tous ensemble, de faire un petit effort ! L’exercice de la médecine généraliste n’est plus attractif. Lorsque seuls 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent en libéral, c’est que le système ne fonctionne plus. Enfin, puisque vous êtes, comme moi, très attachés à la liberté, j’espère que vous allez déréglementer entièrement l’installation des pharmaciens, des infirmiers, des kinés et des dentistes. On ne peut pas dire qu’une vérité en deçà des Pyrénées est une erreur au-delà !",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p612",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N64423afc3385",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je constate que la défense de ces amendements de suppression mobilise un ancien ministre, le rapporteur général et le président de la commission. Tout le monde y va de son couplet pour barrer la route à cette modeste proposition de loi Nous n’avons absolument pas l’intention de tout régler. Contrairement au personnage interprété par Alain Delon dans le magnifique film Le Guépard, nous ne voulons pas que « tout change pour que rien ne change ». Personne ne parle du burn-out des médecins qui reçoivent cinquante patients par jour. Ils suivent nos débats ce matin, et certains m’envoient des SMS pour me remercier de penser à eux. Personne ne parle non plus des toubibs de 70, 75 ou 80 ans qui assurent des remplacements et sans qui tout le système s’effondrerait. Nos collègues de gauche apprécieront certainement ce cumul emploi-retraite ! L’article 1er n’empêcherait que 500 ou 600 installations de médecins dans les zones surdotées. En séance, je pourrai essayer de prendre, sur Doctolib, un rendez-vous chez un dermatologue à Biarritz... Essayons, tous ensemble, de faire un petit effort ! L’exercice de la médecine généraliste n’est plus attractif. Lorsque seuls 14 % des jeunes médecins s’installent en libéral, c’est que le système ne fonctionne plus. Enfin, puisque vous êtes, comme moi, très attachés à la liberté, j’espère que vous allez déréglementer entièrement l’installation des pharmaciens, des infirmiers, des kinés et des dentistes. On ne peut pas dire qu’une vérité en deçà des Pyrénées est une erreur au-delà !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p619",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "619",
    "620",
    "621"
   ],
   "order": 619,
   "text": "Nous pouvons tous nous retrouver sur la nécessité d’une meilleure répartition des médecins. Le débat porte sur le moyen d’y parvenir La médecine, en France, est exercée dans deux cadres : un cadre administré, géré par un ministre, qui est le système hospitalier, et un cadre libéral. Or le système hospitalier, administré, ne se distingue pas par une meilleure répartition des médecins entre les CHU et les petits hôpitaux : les zones désertifiées sont les mêmes. Là où il y a moins de médecins libéraux, il y a aussi moins de médecins à l’hôpital. Au lieu de vouloir réguler le système libéral, commençons donc par mieux administrer ce qui est de notre ressort et qui souffre des mêmes maux ! L’adoption de l’article 1er enverrait deux messages absolument délétères : elle ferait croire à nos concitoyens que les choses vont s’améliorer, alors qu’il n’y aura pas une installation de médecin libéral de plus dans les territoires sous‑dotés, et elle déstabiliserait les étudiants en médecine, opposés à cette mesure.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 168,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p619",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N4ae0cd6f98c4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous pouvons tous nous retrouver sur la nécessité d’une meilleure répartition des médecins. Le débat porte sur le moyen d’y parvenir La médecine, en France, est exercée dans deux cadres : un cadre administré, géré par un ministre, qui est le système hospitalier, et un cadre libéral. Or le système hospitalier, administré, ne se distingue pas par une meilleure répartition des médecins entre les CHU et les petits hôpitaux : les zones désertifiées sont les mêmes. Là où il y a moins de médecins libéraux, il y a aussi moins de médecins à l’hôpital. Au lieu de vouloir réguler le système libéral, commençons donc par mieux administrer ce qui est de notre ressort et qui souffre des mêmes maux ! L’adoption de l’article 1er enverrait deux messages absolument délétères : elle ferait croire à nos concitoyens que les choses vont s’améliorer, alors qu’il n’y aura pas une installation de médecin libéral de plus dans les territoires sous‑dotés, et elle déstabiliserait les étudiants en médecine, opposés à cette mesure."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p622",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "622",
    "623",
    "624",
    "625"
   ],
   "order": 622,
   "text": "Il faut aborder la situation avec beaucoup d’humilité, comme le fait ce texte. À aucun moment nous n’avons prétendu tout résoudre grâce à l’article 1er. Notre proposition de loi initiale était d’ailleurs beaucoup plus longue, mais la situation dans laquelle se trouve notre assemblée nous a contraints à la réduire à ces quatre articles Le nombre de médecins ayant déposé un amendement de suppression de l’article 1er est assez terrifiant. Dans les territoires, en revanche, de nombreuses associations d’usagers et d’élus se constituent pour réclamer des solutions. Quand 400, 500 ou 600 médecins généralistes obtiennent leur diplôme, on veut évidemment qu’ils soient répartis au mieux dans l’ensemble du pays. Ce n’est pas en les laissant s’installer dans les 13 % du territoire les mieux dotés que la situation pourra s’arranger ! De même, dire que l’article 1er transformera les zones les mieux dotées en déserts médicaux n’a aucun sens. Avec humilité et raison, nous devons donc avancer pas à pas pour trouver des solutions. La première des solutions serait effectivement d’avoir plus de médecins, mais nous savons très bien que cela nécessitera du temps. Dans cette attente, nous proposons une mesure visant à répartir au mieux les médecins qui s’installent dans les zones sous‑dotées.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 204,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p622",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N5a06084f4c93",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut aborder la situation avec beaucoup d’humilité, comme le fait ce texte. À aucun moment nous n’avons prétendu tout résoudre grâce à l’article 1er. Notre proposition de loi initiale était d’ailleurs beaucoup plus longue, mais la situation dans laquelle se trouve notre assemblée nous a contraints à la réduire à ces quatre articles Le nombre de médecins ayant déposé un amendement de suppression de l’article 1er est assez terrifiant. Dans les territoires, en revanche, de nombreuses associations d’usagers et d’élus se constituent pour réclamer des solutions. Quand 400, 500 ou 600 médecins généralistes obtiennent leur diplôme, on veut évidemment qu’ils soient répartis au mieux dans l’ensemble du pays. Ce n’est pas en les laissant s’installer dans les 13 % du territoire les mieux dotés que la situation pourra s’arranger ! De même, dire que l’article 1er transformera les zones les mieux dotées en déserts médicaux n’a aucun sens. Avec humilité et raison, nous devons donc avancer pas à pas pour trouver des solutions. La première des solutions serait effectivement d’avoir plus de médecins, mais nous savons très bien que cela nécessitera du temps. Dans cette attente, nous proposons une mesure visant à répartir au mieux les médecins qui s’installent dans les zones sous‑dotées."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842211",
   "speaker": "Béatrice Bellay",
   "quality": "Mme Béatrice Bellay (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p626",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "626",
    "627"
   ],
   "order": 626,
   "text": "Je suis assez étonnée, presque amusée, mais surtout agacée. Même si nous parlons ici de personnes, il faut tenir compte d’une réalité mathématique, qui est très simple : si les jeunes médecins ne sont que 11 % à s’installer en libéral, comme le soulignent les opposants à cet article eux-mêmes, c’est bien que la libéralisation ne fonctionne pas. Si vous avez de meilleures propositions que cette modeste expérimentation, qui permettraient d’atteindre peut-être un taux de 12 %, 13 % ou 14 % d’installations en libéral, alors amendez le texte ! Le débat doit être compréhensible pour nos concitoyens qui suivent nos travaux. Ils ne manqueront pas de s’étonner que des députés médecins se plaignent, à la télévision, de devoir exercer encore à cause des déserts médicaux, alors qu’ils s’opposent ce matin à une expérimentation visant à permettre l’installation de jeunes médecins, auxquels ils pourraient d’ailleurs probablement apprendre le métier.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 149,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p626",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ncc5122ec2c0c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis assez étonnée, presque amusée, mais surtout agacée. Même si nous parlons ici de personnes, il faut tenir compte d’une réalité mathématique, qui est très simple : si les jeunes médecins ne sont que 11 % à s’installer en libéral, comme le soulignent les opposants à cet article eux-mêmes, c’est bien que la libéralisation ne fonctionne pas. Si vous avez de meilleures propositions que cette modeste expérimentation, qui permettraient d’atteindre peut-être un taux de 12 %, 13 % ou 14 % d’installations en libéral, alors amendez le texte ! Le débat doit être compréhensible pour nos concitoyens qui suivent nos travaux. Ils ne manqueront pas de s’étonner que des députés médecins se plaignent, à la télévision, de devoir exercer encore à cause des déserts médicaux, alors qu’ils s’opposent ce matin à une expérimentation visant à permettre l’installation de jeunes médecins, auxquels ils pourraient d’ailleurs probablement apprendre le métier."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p628",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "628",
    "629",
    "630",
    "631"
   ],
   "order": 628,
   "text": "Monsieur Vigier, vous avez parlé des dermatologues, mais l’article 1er ne concerne que les généralistes, puisqu’aucun zonage n’est prévu pour les spécialistes Vous plaidez pour une dérégulation de l’installation des pharmaciens, mais les officines ferment, en dépit du mécanisme existant, pour des raisons démographiques. On aura beau instaurer tous les systèmes de régulation possibles, on ne peut pas réguler une pénurie ! À plusieurs reprises, les députés médecins ont été la cible d’attaques que j’ai prises personnellement. M. Monnet, par exemple, a prétendu que nous n’aurions rien fait et que nous aurions même aggravé la situation. Je ne suis pourtant pas sûre que beaucoup d’entre vous aient reçu des menaces de mort en raison de textes qu’ils ont défendus dans notre assemblée. Pour ma part, j’en ai reçu – je ne prétends pas être la seule –, car j’ai soutenu des lois que les médecins refusent, ce qui explique d’ailleurs pourquoi les décrets et arrêtés d’application n’ont pas encore été publiés. Aidez-nous plutôt à faire sortir ces textes, qui pourraient améliorer la situation ! Ce débat est important. Je respecte les positions des uns et des autres, et je considère qu’il est assez normal que la gauche veuille étatiser l’affectation des médecins – car la régulation prônée est une forme d’étatisation (Protestations) –, même si je ne partage pas cette vision des choses. Je conviens qu’un taux d’installation en libéral de 11 % n’est pas suffisant : j’estime donc, pour ma part, qu’il faut prendre des mesures pour le faire augmenter, notamment en faisant converger les modes de rémunération.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 259,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p628",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nfe333d7b8bf9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Vigier, vous avez parlé des dermatologues, mais l’article 1er ne concerne que les généralistes, puisqu’aucun zonage n’est prévu pour les spécialistes Vous plaidez pour une dérégulation de l’installation des pharmaciens, mais les officines ferment, en dépit du mécanisme existant, pour des raisons démographiques. On aura beau instaurer tous les systèmes de régulation possibles, on ne peut pas réguler une pénurie ! À plusieurs reprises, les députés médecins ont été la cible d’attaques que j’ai prises personnellement. M. Monnet, par exemple, a prétendu que nous n’aurions rien fait et que nous aurions même aggravé la situation. Je ne suis pourtant pas sûre que beaucoup d’entre vous aient reçu des menaces de mort en raison de textes qu’ils ont défendus dans notre assemblée. Pour ma part, j’en ai reçu – je ne prétends pas être la seule –, car j’ai soutenu des lois que les médecins refusent, ce qui explique d’ailleurs pourquoi les décrets et arrêtés d’application n’ont pas encore été publiés. Aidez-nous plutôt à faire sortir ces textes, qui pourraient améliorer la situation ! Ce débat est important. Je respecte les positions des uns et des autres, et je considère qu’il est assez normal que la gauche veuille étatiser l’affectation des médecins – car la régulation prônée est une forme d’étatisation (Protestations) –, même si je ne partage pas cette vision des choses. Je conviens qu’un taux d’installation en libéral de 11 % n’est pas suffisant : j’estime donc, pour ma part, qu’il faut prendre des mesures pour le faire augmenter, notamment en faisant converger les modes de rémunération."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p632",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "632",
    "633"
   ],
   "order": 632,
   "text": "Certains arguments qui nous sont opposés en soutien aux amendements de suppression méconnaissent une évolution de la pratique de la médecine. Contrairement à ce qui se faisait il y a quarante ou cinquante ans, les médecins travaillent en lien avec de nombreux professionnels paramédicaux, dans le cadre d’un exercice coordonné de plus en plus valorisé. Ainsi, nos concitoyens ont besoin non seulement d’un médecin, mais également de professionnels de santé qui travaillent autour de lui. Tout à l’heure, ma collègue Marie-José Allemand a évoqué une dynamique à l’œuvre dans sa circonscription : de telles initiatives, telles que les créations de CPTS, doivent absolument être mises en avant L’expérimentation proposée par ce texte est loin d’être coercitive : elle donne aux médecins des possibilités d’installation extrêmement larges. Il faudra bien entendu valoriser les initiatives visant à rendre attractif l’exercice de la médecine dans certains territoires. Tout l’enjeu est de répondre au cri de nos concitoyens, qui ont vraiment besoin de médecins et de professionnels de santé près de chez eux.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 169,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p632",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na7a6a3371082",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Certains arguments qui nous sont opposés en soutien aux amendements de suppression méconnaissent une évolution de la pratique de la médecine. Contrairement à ce qui se faisait il y a quarante ou cinquante ans, les médecins travaillent en lien avec de nombreux professionnels paramédicaux, dans le cadre d’un exercice coordonné de plus en plus valorisé. Ainsi, nos concitoyens ont besoin non seulement d’un médecin, mais également de professionnels de santé qui travaillent autour de lui. Tout à l’heure, ma collègue [PERSONNE] a évoqué une dynamique à l’œuvre dans sa circonscription : de telles initiatives, telles que les créations de CPTS, doivent absolument être mises en avant L’expérimentation proposée par ce texte est loin d’être coercitive : elle donne aux médecins des possibilités d’installation extrêmement larges. Il faudra bien entendu valoriser les initiatives visant à rendre attractif l’exercice de la médecine dans certains territoires. Tout l’enjeu est de répondre au cri de nos concitoyens, qui ont vraiment besoin de médecins et de professionnels de santé près de chez eux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p634",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "634",
    "635",
    "636",
    "637",
    "638",
    "639",
    "640",
    "641"
   ],
   "order": 634,
   "text": "Je déplore qu’un grand brouhaha, principalement suscité par des députés médecins, empêche les orateurs de parler. Tous les opposants à cette proposition de loi sont des médecins, mais tous les médecins ne s’opposent pas à ce texte Par ailleurs, je suis un peu choqué d’entendre utiliser le terme de « clientèle », et non de « patientèle », même s’il est plus simple, en Macronie, d’ouvrir un bistrot doté d’une licence IV qu’une pharmacie. (Protestations.) Il y a quelques instants, le Rassemblement national nous a appelé à faire grossir le gâteau. Il faut quand même rappeler que vous en êtes les pâtissiers, puisque le numerus clausus a été imposé, après Mai 68, par la bourgeoisie réac qui voulait expulser des facs de médecine les étudiants issus des milieux populaires. (Protestations.) C’est vous qui avez voulu rétablir l’élitisme après la prétendue perte de valeurs de Mai 68. Assumez‑le ! Heureusement que nous sommes revenus sur cette mesure ! Vous dites, madame Rist, que l’article 1er ne concerne pas les spécialistes. Dans ce cas, pourquoi voulez-vous supprimer l’alinéa 7, qui les mentionne ? Soit vous ne lisez pas les amendements que vous déposez, soit vous voulez réaliser vous-même ce que dénoncez... Il est regrettable que nous ne débattions pas du fond du texte. Pour ma part, je trouve l’article 1er doublement efficace. D’une part, on observe une réduction des inégalités territoriales d’accès aux professionnels de santé dont l’installation est régulée, en même temps qu’une aggravation de ces inégalités s’agissant des professionnels ne faisant pas l’objet d’une régulation. Personne n’a encore réfuté ce constat. S’il est faux, donnez-nous des chiffres qui le prouvent ! D’autre part, on a évoqué la crainte d’un départ des médecins à l’étranger. Or les médecins allemands, dont l’installation est soumise à un mécanisme de régulation, ne partent pas tous en Suisse – les seuls qui s’y installent sont les milliardaires français qui trahissent leur pays. Au contraire, 99,8 % de la population allemande peut atteindre un généraliste en moins de 10 minutes en voiture, et 40 % peut obtenir un rendez-vous chez un spécialiste en moins d’une semaine. Vous pouvez ne pas voir les bienfaits de la régulation, mais revenez enfin au monde réel ! M. Lauzzana a pris l’exemple de Toulouse. Cette ville, où je suis élu, compte moins de 600 généralistes en activité ; aussi 58 % des Toulousains vivent-ils dans un désert médical, au sens de la Drees. Aux Sept Deniers ou à Lalande, on dénombre un généraliste pour 1 800 habitants, contre un généraliste pour 900 habitants à la Côte Pavée, un quartier plus huppé situé à quelques kilomètres de là. Avec un bon zonage établi par l’ARS, on pourrait enrayer ces disparités, y compris au sein des métropoles. En effet, les grandes villes, où 20 % de la population habite dans des zones surdotées quand les 80 % restants vivent dans un désert médical, attendent également la régulation.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 485,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p634",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ncc33db6db554",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQ",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je déplore qu’un grand brouhaha, principalement suscité par des députés médecins, empêche les orateurs de parler. Tous les opposants à cette proposition de loi sont des médecins, mais tous les médecins ne s’opposent pas à ce texte Par ailleurs, je suis un peu choqué d’entendre utiliser le terme de « clientèle », et non de « patientèle », même s’il est plus simple, en Macronie, d’ouvrir un bistrot doté d’une licence IV qu’une pharmacie. (Protestations.) Il y a quelques instants, le [GROUPE] nous a appelé à faire grossir le gâteau. Il faut quand même rappeler que vous en êtes les pâtissiers, puisque le numerus clausus a été imposé, après Mai 68, par la bourgeoisie réac qui voulait expulser des facs de médecine les étudiants issus des milieux populaires. (Protestations.) C’est vous qui avez voulu rétablir l’élitisme après la prétendue perte de valeurs de Mai 68. Assumez‑le ! Heureusement que nous sommes revenus sur cette mesure ! Vous dites, madame Rist, que l’article 1er ne concerne pas les spécialistes. Dans ce cas, pourquoi voulez-vous supprimer l’alinéa 7, qui les mentionne ? Soit vous ne lisez pas les amendements que vous déposez, soit vous voulez réaliser vous-même ce que dénoncez... Il est regrettable que nous ne débattions pas du fond du texte. Pour ma part, je trouve l’article 1er doublement efficace. D’une part, on observe une réduction des inégalités territoriales d’accès aux professionnels de santé dont l’installation est régulée, en même temps qu’une aggravation de ces inégalités s’agissant des professionnels ne faisant pas l’objet d’une régulation. Personne n’a encore réfuté ce constat. S’il est faux, donnez-nous des chiffres qui le prouvent ! D’autre part, on a évoqué la crainte d’un départ des médecins à l’étranger. Or les médecins allemands, dont l’installation est soumise à un mécanisme de régulation, ne partent pas tous en Suisse – les seuls qui s’y installent sont les milliardaires français qui trahissent leur pays. Au contraire, 99,8 % de la population allemande peut atteindre un généraliste en moins de 10 minutes en voiture, et 40 % peut obtenir un rendez-vous chez un spécialiste en moins d’une semaine. Vous pouvez ne pas voir les bienfaits de la régulation, mais revenez enfin au monde réel ! M. Lauzzana a pris l’exemple de Toulouse. Cette ville, où je suis élu, compte moins de 600 généralistes en activité ; aussi 58 % des Toulousains vivent-ils dans un désert médical, au sens de la Drees. Aux Sept Deniers ou à Lalande, on dénombre un généraliste pour 1 800 habitants, contre un généraliste pour 900 habitants à la Côte Pavée, un quartier plus huppé situé à quelques kilomètres de là. Avec un bon zonage établi par l’ARS, on pourrait enrayer ces disparités, y compris au sein des métropoles. En effet, les grandes villes, où 20 % de la population habite dans des zones surdotées quand les 80 % restants vivent dans un désert médical, attendent également la régulation."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p642",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "642",
    "643",
    "644",
    "645"
   ],
   "order": 642,
   "text": "J’essaierai de m’exprimer calmement, bien que la moutarde me monte au nez quand j’entends parler des médecins députés. J’en ai un peu marre de ces leçons ! Je ne vois pas pourquoi nous, médecins, n’aurions pas le droit d’être élus députés comme tout le monde, au même titre que les profs ou les fonctionnaires. Je suis maintenant retraité, mais lorsque j’étais en activité, je travaillais plus de 70 heures par semaine, tant la demande de soins était forte Nous sommes tout à fait conscients des problèmes, et nous avons pris de nombreuses mesures qui porteront leurs fruits, même si cela ne se voit pas immédiatement. Les syndicats et les représentants des jeunes médecins vous ont fait part de leur opposition très franche à votre proposition de loi. Quand des syndicats de la fonction publique vous sollicitent, vous les écoutez, mais quand des médecins vous exposent leurs arguments, vous les ignorez ! Le message que vous voulez leur envoyer aura des effets délétères, notamment des effets d’évitement : nous allons perdre du temps médical, notamment parce que les jeunes médecins vont choisir des filières salariées. Effectivement, monsieur Clouet, il va y avoir des besoins à Toulouse. C’est exactement ce que j’ai dit. Cependant, cela ne doit pas nous pousser à déshabiller les zones rurales, moins proches d’un hôpital, ou à les juger moins prioritaires, au risque de les voir subir une désertification plus importante.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 233,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p642",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N64ff563a6edc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’essaierai de m’exprimer calmement, bien que la moutarde me monte au nez quand j’entends parler des médecins députés. J’en ai un peu marre de ces leçons ! Je ne vois pas pourquoi nous, médecins, n’aurions pas le droit d’être élus députés comme tout le monde, au même titre que les profs ou les fonctionnaires. Je suis maintenant retraité, mais lorsque j’étais en activité, je travaillais plus de 70 heures par semaine, tant la demande de soins était forte Nous sommes tout à fait conscients des problèmes, et nous avons pris de nombreuses mesures qui porteront leurs fruits, même si cela ne se voit pas immédiatement. Les syndicats et les représentants des jeunes médecins vous ont fait part de leur opposition très franche à votre proposition de loi. Quand des syndicats de la fonction publique vous sollicitent, vous les écoutez, mais quand des médecins vous exposent leurs arguments, vous les ignorez ! Le message que vous voulez leur envoyer aura des effets délétères, notamment des effets d’évitement : nous allons perdre du temps médical, notamment parce que les jeunes médecins vont choisir des filières salariées. Effectivement, monsieur Clouet, il va y avoir des besoins à Toulouse. C’est exactement ce que j’ai dit. Cependant, cela ne doit pas nous pousser à déshabiller les zones rurales, moins proches d’un hôpital, ou à les juger moins prioritaires, au risque de les voir subir une désertification plus importante."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p646",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "646",
    "647"
   ],
   "order": 646,
   "text": "Mme Rist a rappelé que le zonage ne concernait pas tous les médecins. Il s’agit là du premier écueil auquel se heurte la proposition de loi Par ailleurs, M. Thomas Fatome, directeur général de la Cnam, a reconnu que le zonage médical actuel était inefficace. Sa dernière modification date de 2022, alors qu’il devrait être réactualisé tous les deux ans. On réévaluerait donc la densité médicale en se fondant sur des chiffres obsolètes.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 73,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p646",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N26a19aef6b62",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Mme Rist a rappelé que le zonage ne concernait pas tous les médecins. Il s’agit là du premier écueil auquel se heurte la proposition de loi Par ailleurs, M. Thomas Fatome, directeur général de la Cnam, a reconnu que le zonage médical actuel était inefficace. Sa dernière modification date de 2022, alors qu’il devrait être réactualisé tous les deux ans. On réévaluerait donc la densité médicale en se fondant sur des chiffres obsolètes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p650",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "650",
    "651",
    "652",
    "653",
    "654",
    "655"
   ],
   "order": 650,
   "text": "Oui, mais pas toujours pertinents. (Protestations.) Ne criez pas, c’est de votre faute ! Hadrien Clouet a raison : le numerus clausus avait été imposé par la bourgeoisie réactionnaire pour empêcher les jeunes des classes populaires d’étudier la médecine. (Protestations.) Ce n’est pas parce que je rappelle des faits historiques que vous devez réagir comme si j’étais Jean-Michel Aphatie ! On a le droit de faire un peu d’histoire ! Comme l’a dit Mme Rousseau, l’exercice de la médecine est une mission de service public ; or la libéralisation contrevient à ce principe. Nous passons d’ailleurs notre temps à vous expliquer que la main invisible du marché ne peut pas résoudre tous les problèmes. Vous dites que l’article 1er serait contreproductif, parce qu’un grand nombre de médecins contourneraient la contrainte en exerçant une activité salariée. Vous ne pouvez pas balayer cette proposition d’un revers de la main, sans nous apporter d’estimations chiffrées sur ce phénomène que vous craignez. Il y a aussi des médecins qui accepteront cette disposition et s’installeront dans des zones sous‑dotées. Le Rassemblement national prétend que les médecins iront exercer dans d’autres pays. Cela n’a absolument aucun sens ! Nous sommes tous d’accord sur le constat : la répartition des médecins sur le territoire pose problème. J’entends vos arguments, mais que proposez-vous ? Nous n’allons quand même pas rejeter ce texte et sortir de cette salle en laissant les Français penser que nos débats n’auront encore une fois servi à rien ! Vous nous accusez régulièrement d’être une opposition qui ne propose rien ; nous déposons pourtant toujours des amendements, parfois même des dizaines de milliers, ce que vous réprouvez. En l’occurrence, vous faites exactement ce que vous reprochez sans cesse à l’opposition. Charité bien ordonnée commence par soi-même !",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 293,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p650",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nfd1bb0a04329",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, mais pas toujours pertinents. (Protestations.) Ne criez pas, c’est de votre faute ! [PERSONNE] a raison : le numerus clausus avait été imposé par la bourgeoisie réactionnaire pour empêcher les jeunes des classes populaires d’étudier la médecine. (Protestations.) Ce n’est pas parce que je rappelle des faits historiques que vous devez réagir comme si j’étais Jean-Michel Aphatie ! On a le droit de faire un peu d’histoire ! Comme l’a dit Mme Rousseau, l’exercice de la médecine est une mission de service public ; or la libéralisation contrevient à ce principe. Nous passons d’ailleurs notre temps à vous expliquer que la main invisible du marché ne peut pas résoudre tous les problèmes. Vous dites que l’article 1er serait contreproductif, parce qu’un grand nombre de médecins contourneraient la contrainte en exerçant une activité salariée. Vous ne pouvez pas balayer cette proposition d’un revers de la main, sans nous apporter d’estimations chiffrées sur ce phénomène que vous craignez. Il y a aussi des médecins qui accepteront cette disposition et s’installeront dans des zones sous‑dotées. Le [GROUPE] prétend que les médecins iront exercer dans d’autres pays. Cela n’a absolument aucun sens ! Nous sommes tous d’accord sur le constat : la répartition des médecins sur le territoire pose problème. J’entends vos arguments, mais que proposez-vous ? Nous n’allons quand même pas rejeter ce texte et sortir de cette salle en laissant les Français penser que nos débats n’auront encore une fois servi à rien ! Vous nous accusez régulièrement d’être une opposition qui ne propose rien ; nous déposons pourtant toujours des amendements, parfois même des dizaines de milliers, ce que vous réprouvez. En l’occurrence, vous faites exactement ce que vous reprochez sans cesse à l’opposition. Charité bien ordonnée commence par soi-même !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p656",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "656",
    "657"
   ],
   "order": 656,
   "text": "Je m’exprime toujours dans l’intérêt des Français, qui ont besoin de soins et de médecins. Je défends la médecine libérale, la médecine de ville, et je ne permettrai pas qu’on remette en question l’engagement des médecins libéraux. Je ne vous décrirai pas la quantité de travail que je devais assumer lorsque j’étais en activité. Michel Lauzzana vous a dit combien la charge de travail des médecins était importante Nous proposons, pour notre part, de gagner du temps médical. Pensez-vous que nous nous faisons des copains, parmi les médecins libéraux, quand nous proposons de leur retirer des compétences pour faire monter les IPA, ou quand nous proposons d’accorder à d’autres professionnels de santé le droit d’effectuer des consultations médicales, de vacciner ou de pratiquer des avortements ? Pensez-vous que je me fais des copains lorsque j’appelle à aborder avec lucidité et sincérité la question des dépassements d’honoraires ? Si nous nous battons pour défendre les intérêts des médecins libéraux, c’est aussi parce qu’ils ont un grand sens du devoir et du service public.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 172,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p656",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N3f13cebbfcf2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’exprime toujours dans l’intérêt des Français, qui ont besoin de soins et de médecins. Je défends la médecine libérale, la médecine de ville, et je ne permettrai pas qu’on remette en question l’engagement des médecins libéraux. Je ne vous décrirai pas la quantité de travail que je devais assumer lorsque j’étais en activité. [PERSONNE] vous a dit combien la charge de travail des médecins était importante Nous proposons, pour notre part, de gagner du temps médical. Pensez-vous que nous nous faisons des copains, parmi les médecins libéraux, quand nous proposons de leur retirer des compétences pour faire monter les IPA, ou quand nous proposons d’accorder à d’autres professionnels de santé le droit d’effectuer des consultations médicales, de vacciner ou de pratiquer des avortements ? Pensez-vous que je me fais des copains lorsque j’appelle à aborder avec lucidité et sincérité la question des dépassements d’honoraires ? Si nous nous battons pour défendre les intérêts des médecins libéraux, c’est aussi parce qu’ils ont un grand sens du devoir et du service public."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p658",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "658",
    "659",
    "660",
    "661",
    "662",
    "663",
    "664",
    "665",
    "666",
    "667",
    "668",
    "669",
    "670",
    "671",
    "672",
    "673",
    "674",
    "675",
    "676"
   ],
   "order": 658,
   "text": "Oui, les médecins sont mal répartis sur le territoire, nous en convenons tous Selon certains, la poursuite de la même politique menée depuis plusieurs décennies résoudra les difficultés ; je n’en crois rien. Les chiffres sont terribles : entre 2010 et 2023, les départements les mieux dotés ont gagné de nouveaux praticiens, tandis que les moins bien dotés en ont perdu. Si, nous ne changeons pas la politique de répartition des médecins, la situation perdurera, des millions Français continueront de désespérer, et pis, il y aura des drames sanitaires. Faut-il rappeler que l’accès aux soins était l’une des préoccupations exprimées dans les cahiers de doléances ouverts à la suite du mouvement des « gilets jaunes » ? Nous devons ensemble appréhender différemment la répartition des médecins sur notre territoire. Cette proposition de loi est raisonnable et parfaitement équilibrée. Elle est le fruit d’un compromis entre des hommes et des femmes qui n’ont pas les mêmes sensibilités politiques. Xavier Breton n’est pas étatiste, pas plus que Philippe Vigier. Finissons-en avec les caricatures. L’amendement AS84 que j’ai déposé est un garde-fou : la régulation s’appliquera à l’ensemble des médecins d’un territoire donné, quels que soient leur spécialité ou leur statut, généraliste, spécialiste, libéral, salarié, conventionné et non conventionné. Non, la proposition de loi ne nuira pas à l’attractivité du métier de médecin. Chaque année, de milliers de jeunes s’inscrivent pour suivre des études de médecine Soyez sûrs qu’ils ont envie de devenir médecins. Non, la régulation n’est pas inefficace. Lisez la littérature du ministère de la santé sur ce sujet, regardez ce qui se fait à l’étranger. Là où la régulation a été remise en cause, les inégalités se sont aggravées entre les territoires urbains et les territoires ruraux. Voilà la réalité. Non, les pharmacies ne sont pas en difficulté à cause de la régulation. C’est plutôt la diminution du nombre de médecins, et donc de prescripteurs, qui explique ce phénomène. Ce dispositif n’est pas la solution magique, mais il a le mérite de n’avoir jamais été appliqué jusqu’à présent. N’ayez pas peur, nous nous donnons toutes les garanties pour qu’il fonctionne et nous sommes prêts à en apporter d’autres dans le cadre de ce débat. Ne refusez pas, une fois de plus, la régulation de l’exercice médical pour l’ensemble des praticiens. Les élus locaux, les usagers, les associations attendent des réponses et ont l’espoir que la République soit enfin présente dans chaque territoire, auprès de chaque Français. Conformément aux dispositions de l’article 44, alinéa 2, du Règlement, il est procédé au vote, par scrutin public et par appel nominal, des amendements de suppression. Votent pour : M. Thibault Bazin, M. Christophe Bentz, M. Théo Bernhardt, M. Éric Bothorel, Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé, M. Paul-André Colombani, Mme Sandra Delannoy, M. Fabien Di Filippo, Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such, M. Gaëtan Dussausaye, M. Olivier Fayssat, Mme Agnès Firmin Le Bodo, M. Guillaume Florquin, M. Thierry Frappé, M. François Gernigon, Mme Justine Gruet, M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, M. Michel Lauzzana, Mme Christine Le Nabour, Mme Katiana Levavasseur, M. René Lioret, Mme Christine Loir, Mme Hanane Mansouri, Mme Joëlle Melin, M. Serge Muller, Mme Angélique Ranc, Mme Stéphanie Rist, Mme Anne-Sophie Ronceret, M. Jean-François Rousset, M. Emmanuel Taché de la Pagerie, M. Frédéric Valletoux et Mme Annie Vidal Votent contre : Mme Marie-José Allemand, Mme Ségolène Amiot, M. Joël Aviragnet, Mme Delphine Batho, Mme Béatrice Bellay, Mme Anaïs Belouassa-Cherifi, Mme Sylvie Bonnet, M. Louis Boyard, M. Hadrien Clouet, Mme Josiane Corneloup, M. Hendrik Davi, Mme Karen Erodi, M. Olivier Falorni, M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot, Mme Camille Galliard-Minier, M. Guillaume Garot, Mme Océane Godard, M. Jérôme Guedj, Mme Zahia Hamdane, Mme Chantal Jourdan, Mme Élise Leboucher, Mme Murielle Lepvraud, Mme Brigitte Liso, M. Yannick Monnet, M. Sébastien Peytavie, M. Jean-Hugues Ratenon, M. Jean-Claude Raux, Mme Sandrine Rousseau, Mme Sandrine Runel, M. Nicolas Sansu, M. Arnaud Simion, M. Nicolas Turquois et M. Philippe Vigier Les résultats du scrutin sont donc les suivants : Nombre de votants : 65 Nombre de suffrages exprimés : 65 Pour l’adoption : 32 Contre : 33",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS3 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS8 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS25 de M. Thierry Frappé, AS53 de M. Isaac-Sibille, AS68 de M. Jean-François Rousset, AS74 de Mme Stéphanie Rist et AS82 de M. Frédéric Valletoux",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 669,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p658",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N476245e58491",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, les médecins sont mal répartis sur le territoire, nous en convenons tous Selon certains, la poursuite de la même politique menée depuis plusieurs décennies résoudra les difficultés ; je n’en crois rien. Les chiffres sont terribles : entre 2010 et 2023, les départements les mieux dotés ont gagné de nouveaux praticiens, tandis que les moins bien dotés en ont perdu. Si, nous ne changeons pas la politique de répartition des médecins, la situation perdurera, des millions Français continueront de désespérer, et pis, il y aura des drames sanitaires. Faut-il rappeler que l’accès aux soins était l’une des préoccupations exprimées dans les cahiers de doléances ouverts à la suite du mouvement des « gilets jaunes » ? Nous devons ensemble appréhender différemment la répartition des médecins sur notre territoire. Cette proposition de loi est raisonnable et parfaitement équilibrée. Elle est le fruit d’un compromis entre des hommes et des femmes qui n’ont pas les mêmes sensibilités politiques. [PERSONNE] n’est pas étatiste, pas plus que [PERSONNE]. Finissons-en avec les caricatures. L’amendement AS84 que j’ai déposé est un garde-fou : la régulation s’appliquera à l’ensemble des médecins d’un territoire donné, quels que soient leur spécialité ou leur statut, généraliste, spécialiste, libéral, salarié, conventionné et non conventionné. Non, la proposition de loi ne nuira pas à l’attractivité du métier de médecin. Chaque année, de milliers de jeunes s’inscrivent pour suivre des études de médecine Soyez sûrs qu’ils ont envie de devenir médecins. Non, la régulation n’est pas inefficace. Lisez la littérature du ministère de la santé sur ce sujet, regardez ce qui se fait à l’étranger. Là où la régulation a été remise en cause, les inégalités se sont aggravées entre les territoires urbains et les territoires ruraux. Voilà la réalité. Non, les pharmacies ne sont pas en difficulté à cause de la régulation. C’est plutôt la diminution du nombre de médecins, et donc de prescripteurs, qui explique ce phénomène. Ce dispositif n’est pas la solution magique, mais il a le mérite de n’avoir jamais été appliqué jusqu’à présent. N’ayez pas peur, nous nous donnons toutes les garanties pour qu’il fonctionne et nous sommes prêts à en apporter d’autres dans le cadre de ce débat. Ne refusez pas, une fois de plus, la régulation de l’exercice médical pour l’ensemble des praticiens. Les élus locaux, les usagers, les associations attendent des réponses et ont l’espoir que la République soit enfin présente dans chaque territoire, auprès de chaque Français. Conformément aux dispositions de l’article 44, alinéa 2, du Règlement, il est procédé au vote, par scrutin public et par appel nominal, des amendements de suppression. Votent pour : M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme Joëlle Melin, M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE] de la Pagerie, M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] Votent contre : Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] Les résultats du scrutin sont donc les suivants : Nombre de votants : 65 Nombre de suffrages exprimés : 65 Pour l’adoption : 32 Contre : 33"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p681",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "681",
    "682",
    "683"
   ],
   "order": 681,
   "text": "Cet article, qui ne règle pas la question de l’absence de zonage des médecins spécialistes, est inopérant Il n’existe pas de lien direct entre l’autorisation d’exercer et l’installation : les médecins qui consultent par télémédecine ou qui remplacent un médecin en libéral ne sont ni installés ni salariés. L’article 1er ainsi modifié ne favorisera-t-il pas la télémédecine ou le remplacement de médecin en libéral ? C’est pour moi une source d’inquiétude. Par ailleurs, l’installation relève de la partie réglementaire du code. En outre, alors que l’Ordre des médecins gère les démarches relatives aux autorisations d’exercice et à l’installation, l’article 1er prévoit que l’ARS délivre l’autorisation d’installation. Or les ARS et l’ordre n’ont pas le même rôle, notamment en matière de déontologie médicale. Il y a un risque d’incohérence ; cet article devrait faire l’objet d’une étude d’impact.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS84 de M. Guillaume Garot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 137,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p681",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nd51b3245ab3e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article, qui ne règle pas la question de l’absence de zonage des médecins spécialistes, est inopérant Il n’existe pas de lien direct entre l’autorisation d’exercer et l’installation : les médecins qui consultent par télémédecine ou qui remplacent un médecin en libéral ne sont ni installés ni salariés. L’article 1er ainsi modifié ne favorisera-t-il pas la télémédecine ou le remplacement de médecin en libéral ? C’est pour moi une source d’inquiétude. Par ailleurs, l’installation relève de la partie réglementaire du code. En outre, alors que l’Ordre des médecins gère les démarches relatives aux autorisations d’exercice et à l’installation, l’article 1er prévoit que l’ARS délivre l’autorisation d’installation. Or les ARS et l’ordre n’ont pas le même rôle, notamment en matière de déontologie médicale. Il y a un risque d’incohérence ; cet article devrait faire l’objet d’une étude d’impact."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p684",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "684"
   ],
   "order": 684,
   "text": "Le texte définit le zonage et prévoit une procédure qui fait intervenir l’ARS et l’Ordre des médecins. Je ne doute pas que nous parvenions à un consensus, monsieur le rapporteur général",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS84 de M. Guillaume Garot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p684",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N84a615d3a48c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte définit le zonage et prévoit une procédure qui fait intervenir l’ARS et l’Ordre des médecins. Je ne doute pas que nous parvenions à un consensus, monsieur le rapporteur général"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p685",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "685",
    "686"
   ],
   "order": 685,
   "text": "L’ARS ne peut adapter immédiatement le zonage, à la suite du départ d’un médecin Par ailleurs, votre amendement n’empêchera pas un jeune médecin esthétique non conventionné de s’installer dans une zone surdotée.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS84 de M. Guillaume Garot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p685",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N984ce8c3ab31",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’ARS ne peut adapter immédiatement le zonage, à la suite du départ d’un médecin Par ailleurs, votre amendement n’empêchera pas un jeune médecin esthétique non conventionné de s’installer dans une zone surdotée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p687",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "687",
    "688",
    "689",
    "690"
   ],
   "order": 687,
   "text": "Je me réjouis que nous poursuivions l’examen de ce texte au sein de cette commission où les débats sont toujours pertinents Nonobstant les inquiétudes légitimes exprimées à l’égard du zonage, nous soutiendrons cet amendement, qui vise à rassurer et à garantir l’efficacité de l’article 1er. Je le dis à tous ceux qui nous écoutent au-delà de cette salle, cette proposition de loi tend non pas à stigmatiser l’ensemble des professionnels de santé, mais à les réconcilier. Les principes fondateurs de la charte de la médecine libérale de 1927, parmi lesquels la liberté de prescription, le paiement à l’acte et la liberté d’installation, ont tous évolué. Cessons de nous y cramponner, d’autant que les médecins libéraux souhaitent également leur évolution. Si nous évitons le déclenchement d’une guerre médicale, nous aurons fait œuvre utile.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS84 de M. Guillaume Garot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 132,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p687",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N4b7fced25033",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je me réjouis que nous poursuivions l’examen de ce texte au sein de cette commission où les débats sont toujours pertinents Nonobstant les inquiétudes légitimes exprimées à l’égard du zonage, nous soutiendrons cet amendement, qui vise à rassurer et à garantir l’efficacité de l’article 1er. Je le dis à tous ceux qui nous écoutent au-delà de cette salle, cette proposition de loi tend non pas à stigmatiser l’ensemble des professionnels de santé, mais à les réconcilier. Les principes fondateurs de la charte de la médecine libérale de 1927, parmi lesquels la liberté de prescription, le paiement à l’acte et la liberté d’installation, ont tous évolué. Cessons de nous y cramponner, d’autant que les médecins libéraux souhaitent également leur évolution. Si nous évitons le déclenchement d’une guerre médicale, nous aurons fait œuvre utile."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p691",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "691",
    "692"
   ],
   "order": 691,
   "text": "En effet, nous ne devons pas distinguer les professionnels en fonction de leur mode d’exercice – à l’hôpital, en centre de santé ou en ville. Nous arrivons au bout d’un système : les modes de rémunération des médecins doivent converger, afin de décloisonner ces différents types d’exercice et d’aboutir à un système de financement satisfaisant pour le système de santé Votre amendement est intéressant, mais, en pratique, il est inopérant. Aujourd’hui, ce sont les centres de santé qui demandent une autorisation d’installation. Les médecins qui souhaiteront travailler dans les centres de santé devront-ils demander une autorisation à l’ARS ? Comment s’appliquera la régulation dans les hôpitaux ? Cette mesure risque de provoquer un appel d’air en faveur des cliniques privées.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS84 de M. Guillaume Garot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 120,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p691",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N095f085b4159",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En effet, nous ne devons pas distinguer les professionnels en fonction de leur mode d’exercice – à l’hôpital, en centre de santé ou en ville. Nous arrivons au bout d’un système : les modes de rémunération des médecins doivent converger, afin de décloisonner ces différents types d’exercice et d’aboutir à un système de financement satisfaisant pour le système de santé Votre amendement est intéressant, mais, en pratique, il est inopérant. Aujourd’hui, ce sont les centres de santé qui demandent une autorisation d’installation. Les médecins qui souhaiteront travailler dans les centres de santé devront-ils demander une autorisation à l’ARS ? Comment s’appliquera la régulation dans les hôpitaux ? Cette mesure risque de provoquer un appel d’air en faveur des cliniques privées."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p693",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "693",
    "694"
   ],
   "order": 693,
   "text": "Seuls les centres de santé situés dans des zones surdotées, qui représentent 13 % du territoire, doivent demander cette autorisation ; dans les territoires sous‑dotés, ils peuvent s’installer librement comme les médecins libéraux. Du reste, très peu de centres de santé se sont installés dans les zones où un nombre suffisant de médecins exercent. Ils se sont développés principalement dans les villes qui souffraient d’une pénurie, mais également dans les zones rurales Dans les zones surdotées, très peu de médecins sont salariés. Si un médecin, peu importe son statut, quitte cette zone, il pourra être remplacé par un autre médecin. En l’absence de départ, l’installation est soumise à autorisation de l’ARS. Il faut arrêter de fantasmer !",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS84 de M. Guillaume Garot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p693",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N2bf18f342335",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Seuls les centres de santé situés dans des zones surdotées, qui représentent 13 % du territoire, doivent demander cette autorisation ; dans les territoires sous‑dotés, ils peuvent s’installer librement comme les médecins libéraux. Du reste, très peu de centres de santé se sont installés dans les zones où un nombre suffisant de médecins exercent. Ils se sont développés principalement dans les villes qui souffraient d’une pénurie, mais également dans les zones rurales Dans les zones surdotées, très peu de médecins sont salariés. Si un médecin, peu importe son statut, quitte cette zone, il pourra être remplacé par un autre médecin. En l’absence de départ, l’installation est soumise à autorisation de l’ARS. Il faut arrêter de fantasmer !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p695",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "695",
    "696",
    "697"
   ],
   "order": 695,
   "text": "La convergence des systèmes de rémunération est une piste intéressante pour fluidifier les parcours et créer une passerelle entre les différents modes d’exercice Les zones auxquelles l’article 1er fait référence sont mentionnées à l’article L. 1434-3 du code de la santé publique qui, en revanche, n’évoque pas les médecins généralistes. Il reviendra au décret d’application de l’article 1er de préciser ses conditions d’application. Je suis prêt à travailler avec le gouvernement pour avancer sur ce point. Ne nous faisons pas peur : dans les zones correctement dotées, il existe peu de centres de santé en médecine générale. Il reste que nous devons travailler sur les zonages. Une bonne régulation implique un bon zonage.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS84 de M. Guillaume Garot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p695",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na2045ef14442",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La convergence des systèmes de rémunération est une piste intéressante pour fluidifier les parcours et créer une passerelle entre les différents modes d’exercice Les zones auxquelles l’article 1er fait référence sont mentionnées à l’article L. 1434-3 du code de la santé publique qui, en revanche, n’évoque pas les médecins généralistes. Il reviendra au décret d’application de l’article 1er de préciser ses conditions d’application. Je suis prêt à travailler avec le gouvernement pour avancer sur ce point. Ne nous faisons pas peur : dans les zones correctement dotées, il existe peu de centres de santé en médecine générale. Il reste que nous devons travailler sur les zonages. Une bonne régulation implique un bon zonage."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p700",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "700",
    "701"
   ],
   "order": 700,
   "text": "Nous sommes opposés au régime d’autorisation d’installation qui entraînerait des effets contraires à ceux recherchés Cet amendement de repli vise à supprimer les alinéas 5 et 7 de l’article 1er.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS62 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p700",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N6db8dc33ee86",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes opposés au régime d’autorisation d’installation qui entraînerait des effets contraires à ceux recherchés Cet amendement de repli vise à supprimer les alinéas 5 et 7 de l’article 1er."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793532",
   "speaker": "Murielle Lepvraud",
   "quality": "Mme Murielle Lepvraud (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p703",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "703",
    "704"
   ],
   "order": 703,
   "text": "Il s’agit là encore de revenir sur la régulation de l’installation. En quoi l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins dérange-t-elle le Rassemblement national ? Cette proposition de loi ne conditionne l’installation à une autorisation que pour les zones déjà dotées d’un nombre suffisant de médecins, soit 13 % du territoire ; ce n’est pas une mesure de coercition.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS62 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p703",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N8617b56a5c73",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit là encore de revenir sur la régulation de l’installation. En quoi l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins dérange-t-elle le [GROUPE] ? Cette proposition de loi ne conditionne l’installation à une autorisation que pour les zones déjà dotées d’un nombre suffisant de médecins, soit 13 % du territoire ; ce n’est pas une mesure de coercition."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p707",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "707"
   ],
   "order": 707,
   "text": "Nous refusons catégoriquement que les ARS aient ce type de prérogative : leur fonctionnement échappe au ministère de tutelle et au préfet de région, En outre, ces structures, profondément déconnectées, ne constituent pas le bon échelon",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements AS31 et AS36 de M. Christophe Bentz (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p707",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N887270d2771b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Nous refusons catégoriquement que les ARS aient ce type de prérogative : leur fonctionnement échappe au ministère de tutelle et au préfet de région, En outre, ces structures, profondément déconnectées, ne constituent pas le bon échelon"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p711",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "711",
    "712"
   ],
   "order": 711,
   "text": "Ne déshabillons pas Pierre – déjà peu vêtu – pour habiller Paul. Cet amendement de repli vise à ne pas empêcher l’installation d’un médecin dans des zones simplement « dotées » Monsieur le rapporteur, cet article conduira-t-il à favoriser d’autres modes d’exercice – remplacement de médecin libéral et télémédecine – au détriment de l’installation et du salariat ? Reviendrait-il à l’Ordre des médecins de définir les zones et de délivrer les autorisations d’installation ou n’émettrait-il qu’un avis simple ?",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 79,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p711",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nb47a0b6ffc8e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ne déshabillons pas Pierre – déjà peu vêtu – pour habiller Paul. Cet amendement de repli vise à ne pas empêcher l’installation d’un médecin dans des zones simplement « dotées » Monsieur le rapporteur, cet article conduira-t-il à favoriser d’autres modes d’exercice – remplacement de médecin libéral et télémédecine – au détriment de l’installation et du salariat ? Reviendrait-il à l’Ordre des médecins de définir les zones et de délivrer les autorisations d’installation ou n’émettrait-il qu’un avis simple ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p713",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "713",
    "714",
    "715"
   ],
   "order": 713,
   "text": "Nous devons travailler sur la question des zonages, tout le monde milite en ce sens Votre amendement nuirait à l’efficacité de cet outil de pilotage des politiques publiques dont l’objectif est que les médecins s’installent dans les zones sous‑dotées. L’intelligibilité commande l’efficacité. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p713",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N375f02cdc370",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous devons travailler sur la question des zonages, tout le monde milite en ce sens Votre amendement nuirait à l’efficacité de cet outil de pilotage des politiques publiques dont l’objectif est que les médecins s’installent dans les zones sous‑dotées. L’intelligibilité commande l’efficacité. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p716",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "716"
   ],
   "order": 716,
   "text": "Le débat sur cet amendement met en lumière notre point de désaccord initial. Vous parlez de zones surdotées mais comment les définissez-vous ? Le critère est-il le nombre de médecins par habitant ? En France, il y a par exemple moins de médecins par habitant qu’en Allemagne. Cela signifie-t-il que tout le territoire est sous‑doté ? Je le pense. Nous considérons quant à nous qu’il n’existe pas de zones surdotées. Ce n’est pas parce qu’il est plus facile de prendre un rendez-vous sur Doctolib à Nice ou à Lyon que ces villes sont suffisamment dotées",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p716",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N085a0204361f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le débat sur cet amendement met en lumière notre point de désaccord initial. Vous parlez de zones surdotées mais comment les définissez-vous ? Le critère est-il le nombre de médecins par habitant ? En France, il y a par exemple moins de médecins par habitant qu’en Allemagne. Cela signifie-t-il que tout le territoire est sous‑doté ? Je le pense. Nous considérons quant à nous qu’il n’existe pas de zones surdotées. Ce n’est pas parce qu’il est plus facile de prendre un rendez-vous sur Doctolib à Nice ou à Lyon que ces villes sont suffisamment dotées"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p717",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "717",
    "718"
   ],
   "order": 717,
   "text": "Des villages situés à une dizaine de kilomètres Nice sont sous‑dotés Ce n’est ni aux ARS ni aux parlementaires de définir les zones surdotées ou sous‑dotées. Il appartient aux professionnels de le faire, au niveau infraterritorial. Je leur fais confiance. Personne n’a soulevé la question du temps médical disponible. Je respecte tout autant celui qui travaille 80 heures par semaine et celui qui préfère s’en tenir à 20. Pour un chirurgien cardiaque, par exemple, il s’agira de savoir combien de patients peuvent être inscrits sur un planning opératoire et de définir ensuite les critères. C’est l’esprit pratique et non le dogmatisme qui nous anime.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p717",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ne0a366794946",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Des villages situés à une dizaine de kilomètres Nice sont sous‑dotés Ce n’est ni aux ARS ni aux parlementaires de définir les zones surdotées ou sous‑dotées. Il appartient aux professionnels de le faire, au niveau infraterritorial. Je leur fais confiance. Personne n’a soulevé la question du temps médical disponible. Je respecte tout autant celui qui travaille 80 heures par semaine et celui qui préfère s’en tenir à 20. Pour un chirurgien cardiaque, par exemple, il s’agira de savoir combien de patients peuvent être inscrits sur un planning opératoire et de définir ensuite les critères. C’est l’esprit pratique et non le dogmatisme qui nous anime."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p719",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "719"
   ],
   "order": 719,
   "text": "La question du périmètre du zonage est essentielle : ce n’est pas parce qu’une ville importante sera suffisamment dotée que ce sera le cas des petites villes périphériques dans lesquelles l’installation devra donc être autorisée",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 35,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p719",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N1090dfa9b478",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La question du périmètre du zonage est essentielle : ce n’est pas parce qu’une ville importante sera suffisamment dotée que ce sera le cas des petites villes périphériques dans lesquelles l’installation devra donc être autorisée"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p722",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "722",
    "723"
   ],
   "order": 722,
   "text": "Le postulat de départ est erroné : ce n’est pas parce qu’un territoire est bien doté que le temps médical est suffisant eu égard aux besoins des usagers et des acteurs de santé Conditionner le remplacement d’un médecin au départ d’un autre pourrait entraîner une augmentation du coût de cession de la patientèle et, partant, des honoraires du médecin remplaçant. Par conséquent, les médecins auront plus intérêt à s’installer dans les zones surdotées, ce qui va à l’encontre de la lutte contre les déserts médicaux.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 85,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p722",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N4fdee60ac48c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le postulat de départ est erroné : ce n’est pas parce qu’un territoire est bien doté que le temps médical est suffisant eu égard aux besoins des usagers et des acteurs de santé Conditionner le remplacement d’un médecin au départ d’un autre pourrait entraîner une augmentation du coût de cession de la patientèle et, partant, des honoraires du médecin remplaçant. Par conséquent, les médecins auront plus intérêt à s’installer dans les zones surdotées, ce qui va à l’encontre de la lutte contre les déserts médicaux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p724",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "724",
    "725"
   ],
   "order": 724,
   "text": "Avis défavorable Si l’installation en libéral dans une zone soumise à régulation devient très coûteuse, cela signifie que le système fonctionne : il vise à inciter les médecins à s’installer à quelques dizaines de kilomètres de cette zone, où les besoins sont grands. En tout état de cause, que les élus soient rassurés, nous ne dégradons aucune offre de soins.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p724",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na25f69cf28b7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable Si l’installation en libéral dans une zone soumise à régulation devient très coûteuse, cela signifie que le système fonctionne : il vise à inciter les médecins à s’installer à quelques dizaines de kilomètres de cette zone, où les besoins sont grands. En tout état de cause, que les élus soient rassurés, nous ne dégradons aucune offre de soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p726",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "726",
    "727",
    "728"
   ],
   "order": 726,
   "text": "Le précédent amendement sur la régulation de l’installation de médecins en centres médicaux ne résout qu’une petite partie du problème, puisqu’il existe de nombreuses autres formes d’exercice salarié de la médecine, dans l’industrie pharmaceutique ou en tant que médecin de la sécurité sociale, par exemple Je voudrais aussi souligner qu’Aurélien Rousseau est contre ce texte. Je rappelle qu’il a été ministre de la santé et qu’il dispose à ce titre d’une certaine expertise. Enfin, vous ne prenez pas en compte la psychologie des personnes concernées. Des médecins peuvent ainsi décider de partir ou de faire autre chose et les étudiants en médecine avoir une stratégie personnelle. Vous vous bornez à déterminer un nombre de médecins qu’il vous semble possible de répartir sur le territoire.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 124,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p726",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nf5d37f230517",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le précédent amendement sur la régulation de l’installation de médecins en centres médicaux ne résout qu’une petite partie du problème, puisqu’il existe de nombreuses autres formes d’exercice salarié de la médecine, dans l’industrie pharmaceutique ou en tant que médecin de la sécurité sociale, par exemple Je voudrais aussi souligner qu’[PERSONNE] est contre ce texte. Je rappelle qu’il a été ministre de la santé et qu’il dispose à ce titre d’une certaine expertise. Enfin, vous ne prenez pas en compte la psychologie des personnes concernées. Des médecins peuvent ainsi décider de partir ou de faire autre chose et les étudiants en médecine avoir une stratégie personnelle. Vous vous bornez à déterminer un nombre de médecins qu’il vous semble possible de répartir sur le territoire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p729",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "729",
    "730"
   ],
   "order": 729,
   "text": "Je suis contre ces amendements. Je me félicite de voir dans l’exposé des motifs de l’amendement de M. Rousset que nous partageons le même constat : la pénurie de médecins touche 87 % du territoire. Toutefois, après ce constat, on peut lire aussi que « s’il existe effectivement des zones mieux dotées, elles ne sont pas suffisamment dotées pour espérer combler le déficit qui existe dans d’autres territoires ». Mais ce n’est pas ce que nous voulons faire ! Je l’explique à nouveau : la régulation proposée ne concerne que les nouveaux médecins. Leur plaque remplacera une autre plaque ou deux plaques en remplaceront une seule en cas de temps partiel, puisqu’on prend en compte le nombre d’heures médicales disponibles Le nombre de médecins restent donc le même, il se stabilise. Nous ne dégradons rien. Stabiliser et dégrader, ce n’est pas la même chose.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 144,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p729",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nc897c64e496a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis contre ces amendements. Je me félicite de voir dans l’exposé des motifs de l’amendement de M. Rousset que nous partageons le même constat : la pénurie de médecins touche 87 % du territoire. Toutefois, après ce constat, on peut lire aussi que « s’il existe effectivement des zones mieux dotées, elles ne sont pas suffisamment dotées pour espérer combler le déficit qui existe dans d’autres territoires ». Mais ce n’est pas ce que nous voulons faire ! Je l’explique à nouveau : la régulation proposée ne concerne que les nouveaux médecins. Leur plaque remplacera une autre plaque ou deux plaques en remplaceront une seule en cas de temps partiel, puisqu’on prend en compte le nombre d’heures médicales disponibles Le nombre de médecins restent donc le même, il se stabilise. Nous ne dégradons rien. Stabiliser et dégrader, ce n’est pas la même chose."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p731",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "731",
    "732"
   ],
   "order": 731,
   "text": "En quinze ans, le nombre de médecins – 200 000 en exercice, plus 15 000 en temps partiel ou en cumul emploi retraite – est resté le même. Ce qui a changé, c’est le temps de travail, si bien qu’aujourd’hui il faut 2,4 médecins pour remplacer un médecin à l’ancienne. Ces médecins travaillaient jusqu’à 70 heures par semaine. On aurait dû d’ailleurs s’en soucier, mais cela arrangeait bien tout le monde. C’est bien le nombre d’heures qu’il faut prendre en compte. Or je ne suis pas persuadée que la régulation de l’installation permettra une régulation du nombre d’heures Mon second point concerne la téléconsultation. Les systèmes non médicaux qui emploient des médecins salariés obéissent à une logique de financiarisation et sont aux aguets pour déployer des cabines de téléconsultation, peut-être même dans des stations-services. Monsieur le rapporteur, pouvez-vous nous rassurer : la téléconsultation sera-t-elle régulée ?",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p731",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na08e8abfcce5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "En quinze ans, le nombre de médecins – 200 000 en exercice, plus 15 000 en temps partiel ou en cumul emploi retraite – est resté le même. Ce qui a changé, c’est le temps de travail, si bien qu’aujourd’hui il faut 2,4 médecins pour remplacer un médecin à l’ancienne. Ces médecins travaillaient jusqu’à 70 heures par semaine. On aurait dû d’ailleurs s’en soucier, mais cela arrangeait bien tout le monde. C’est bien le nombre d’heures qu’il faut prendre en compte. Or je ne suis pas persuadée que la régulation de l’installation permettra une régulation du nombre d’heures Mon second point concerne la téléconsultation. Les systèmes non médicaux qui emploient des médecins salariés obéissent à une logique de financiarisation et sont aux aguets pour déployer des cabines de téléconsultation, peut-être même dans des stations-services. Monsieur le rapporteur, pouvez-vous nous rassurer : la téléconsultation sera-t-elle régulée ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p733",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "733"
   ],
   "order": 733,
   "text": "J’entends dire qu’on va manquer de médecins parce que les études de médecine ne sont plus attractives. Je rappelle que si nous manquons de médecins, c’est bien à cause du numerus clausus et du numerus apertus. Le potentiel est là : en 2024, 986 000 lycéens ont fait une demande en Pass et 450 000 en LAS. Il faut donc ouvrir davantage de possibilités pour les études de médecine et répartir les médecins sur le territoire",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p733",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N2745dda6722f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’entends dire qu’on va manquer de médecins parce que les études de médecine ne sont plus attractives. Je rappelle que si nous manquons de médecins, c’est bien à cause du numerus clausus et du numerus apertus. Le potentiel est là : en 2024, 986 000 lycéens ont fait une demande en Pass et 450 000 en LAS. Il faut donc ouvrir davantage de possibilités pour les études de médecine et répartir les médecins sur le territoire"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p734",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "734",
    "735"
   ],
   "order": 734,
   "text": "La diminution considérable du temps de travail médical n’a pas été anticipée. Elle pose la question de savoir si un médecin qui s’arrête peut être remplacé par un seul médecin. Je n’ai pas la réponse, mais il faut prendre garde à ne pas créer de nouveaux déserts médicaux avec des médecins qui travailleraient deux fois moins On a beaucoup parlé du développement du salariat. Je constate pourtant que des postes salariés restent vacants et qu’il existe d’autres formes d’exercice : certains médecins préfèrent faire des remplacements, parfois pendant de longues périodes, voire ne s’installeront pas, d’autres exercent en télémédecine – pas toujours d’ailleurs dans les meilleures conditions pour le patient. Nous devons nous demander d’ici à la séance si l’adoption de l’article 1er tel que nous l’avons modifié n’entraînera pas un développement du remplacement et de la télémédecine. Pour les médecins spécialistes, le zonage ne pourra être mis en place que si le décret est modifié. Que se passera-t-il s’il ne l’est pas ?",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 164,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p734",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Neefd1e3e1988",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La diminution considérable du temps de travail médical n’a pas été anticipée. Elle pose la question de savoir si un médecin qui s’arrête peut être remplacé par un seul médecin. Je n’ai pas la réponse, mais il faut prendre garde à ne pas créer de nouveaux déserts médicaux avec des médecins qui travailleraient deux fois moins On a beaucoup parlé du développement du salariat. Je constate pourtant que des postes salariés restent vacants et qu’il existe d’autres formes d’exercice : certains médecins préfèrent faire des remplacements, parfois pendant de longues périodes, voire ne s’installeront pas, d’autres exercent en télémédecine – pas toujours d’ailleurs dans les meilleures conditions pour le patient. Nous devons nous demander d’ici à la séance si l’adoption de l’article 1er tel que nous l’avons modifié n’entraînera pas un développement du remplacement et de la télémédecine. Pour les médecins spécialistes, le zonage ne pourra être mis en place que si le décret est modifié. Que se passera-t-il s’il ne l’est pas ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p736",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "736",
    "737",
    "738",
    "739",
    "740",
    "741",
    "743",
    "744",
    "745",
    "746",
    "747",
    "748",
    "749"
   ],
   "order": 736,
   "text": "Nous ne sommes qu’au début du processus législatif. Nous avons donc le temps de réfléchir pour trouver des réponses à ces questions. Aujourd’hui, nous avons posé un principe et c’est l’essentiel. Nous allons ensuite regarder, modalité après modalité, comment le mettre en œuvre Il est procédé au vote, par scrutin public et par appel nominal, des amendements. Votent pour : M. Thibault Bazin, M. Christophe Bentz, M. Théo Bernhardt, Mme Sylvie Bonnet, M. Éric Bothorel, Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé, M. Paul-André Colombani, Mme Sandra Delannoy, Mme Sylvie Dezarnaud, M. Fabien Di Filippo, Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such, M. Gaëtan Dussausaye, M. Olivier Fayssat, Mme Agnès Firmin Le Bodo, M. Guillaume Florquin, M. Thierry Frappé, M. François Gernigon, Mme Justine Gruet, M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille, M. Michel Lauzzana, Mme Christine Le Nabour, M. René Lioret, Mme Christine Loir, Mme Joëlle Mélin, M. Serge Muller, Mme Angélique Ranc, Mme Stéphanie Rist, Mme Anne‑Sophie Ronceret, M. Jean-François Rousset, M. Emmanuel Taché de la Pagerie, M. Frédéric Valletoux et Mme Annie Vidal Votent contre : Mme Marie-José Allemand, Mme Ségolène Amiot, M. Joël Aviragnet, Mme Delphine Batho, Mme Béatrice Bellay, Mme Anaïs Belouassa-Cherifi, M. Louis Boyard, M. Hadrien Clouet, Mme Josiane Corneloup, M. Hendrik Davi, Mme Karen Erodi, M. Yannick Favennec-Bécot, M. Guillaume Garot, Mme Océane Godard, M. Jérôme Guedj, Mme Zahia Hamdane, Mme Chantal Jourdan, Mme Élise Leboucher, Mme Murielle Lepvraud, M. Yannick Monnet, M. Sébastien Peytavie, M. Jean-Hugues Ratenon, M. Jean-Claude Raux, Mme Sandrine Rousseau, Mme Sandrine Runel, M. Nicolas Sansu, M. Arnaud Simion et M. Philippe Vigier S’abstient : Mme Camille Galliard-Minier Les résultats du scrutin sont donc les suivants : Nombre de votants : 61 Abstention : 1 Nombre de suffrages exprimés : 60 Pour l’adoption : 32 Contre : 28",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS69 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS77 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 287,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p736",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Naa4871aebdf6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne sommes qu’au début du processus législatif. Nous avons donc le temps de réfléchir pour trouver des réponses à ces questions. Aujourd’hui, nous avons posé un principe et c’est l’essentiel. Nous allons ensuite regarder, modalité après modalité, comment le mettre en œuvre Il est procédé au vote, par scrutin public et par appel nominal, des amendements. Votent pour : M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. Cyrille Isaac‑Sibille, M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme Anne‑Sophie Ronceret, M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE] de la Pagerie, M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE] Votent contre : Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], Mme [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE] et M. [PERSONNE] S’abstient : Mme [PERSONNE] Les résultats du scrutin sont donc les suivants : Nombre de votants : 61 Abstention : 1 Nombre de suffrages exprimés : 60 Pour l’adoption : 32 Contre : 28"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p755",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "755"
   ],
   "order": 755,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à intégrer les représentants des étudiants en médecine dans la consultation prévue par l’article 1er sur la régulation de l’installation des médecins. Il me semble indispensable de leur donner la parole et de les écouter pour les faire venir en confiance vers le système de santé",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS72 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS75 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 48,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p755",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N51021a067903",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à intégrer les représentants des étudiants en médecine dans la consultation prévue par l’article 1er sur la régulation de l’installation des médecins. Il me semble indispensable de leur donner la parole et de les écouter pour les faire venir en confiance vers le système de santé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p756",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "756"
   ],
   "order": 756,
   "text": "Il faut en effet élargir la consultation, mais pas seulement aux étudiants en médecine. Il serait très utile d’y associer également les représentants des usagers. Je vous propose donc de retirer vos amendements pour que nous puissions nous mettre d’accord sur les partenaires qu’il faudrait associer à cette consultation",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS72 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS75 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p756",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nc567280f8f0c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut en effet élargir la consultation, mais pas seulement aux étudiants en médecine. Il serait très utile d’y associer également les représentants des usagers. Je vous propose donc de retirer vos amendements pour que nous puissions nous mettre d’accord sur les partenaires qu’il faudrait associer à cette consultation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p758",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "758"
   ],
   "order": 758,
   "text": "Je vais dans le même sens que notre collègue Bazin. Les patients doivent bien entendu être pris en compte, mais il est question ici de l’avenir des étudiants en médecine. Nous devons les rassurer",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS72 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS75 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p758",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N4841303eca85",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais dans le même sens que notre collègue Bazin. Les patients doivent bien entendu être pris en compte, mais il est question ici de l’avenir des étudiants en médecine. Nous devons les rassurer"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p760",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "760",
    "761"
   ],
   "order": 760,
   "text": "Je rejoins le collègue Vigier. Nous devons inclure les usagers autant que les professionnels Le dispositif « personnes qualifiées » dans les ARS permet d’inclure des représentantes et des représentants des étudiants en médecine pour discuter notamment du zonage. Utiliser ce dispositif serait plus efficace que voter cet amendement.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS72 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS75 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 1er : Instauration d’une régulation de l’installation pour les médecins dans les zones surdotées",
   "article_id": "p564",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p760",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nd0edc7941fd1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je rejoins le collègue Vigier. Nous devons inclure les usagers autant que les professionnels Le dispositif « personnes qualifiées » dans les ARS permet d’inclure des représentantes et des représentants des étudiants en médecine pour discuter notamment du zonage. Utiliser ce dispositif serait plus efficace que voter cet amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p779",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "779",
    "780",
    "781"
   ],
   "order": 779,
   "text": "Merci de m’accueillir dans votre commission pour ce débat passionnant et passionné Mon amendement propose de mettre en place un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins, qui me semble nécessaire pour améliorer le zonage médical. Les questions de démographie médicale varient en effet en fonction des territoires. Les inégalités sont énormes – et s’accroissent. Il y a ainsi trois à six fois plus de médecins à Paris ou à Lyon qu’en Ardèche ou dans la Mayenne. Il revient d’abord aux médecins d’organiser le travail pour soigner l’ensemble de la population. S’ils ne le font pas, les politiques doivent prendre la main et réguler de façon douce, sur le principe d’une installation pour un départ. L’indicateur territorial contribuerait à la mise en place de ce principe puisqu’il aurait pour objet d’évaluer la densité de l’offre de soins médicaux et paramédicaux des territoires, pondérée par leur situation démographique, sanitaire, économique et sociale et de prendre en compte les évolutions anticipées de l’offre de soins résultant de la démographie des professions de santé.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS16 de M. Fabrice Brun",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 170,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p779",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Neb82af967039",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Merci de m’accueillir dans votre commission pour ce débat passionnant et passionné Mon amendement propose de mettre en place un indicateur territorial de l’offre de soins, qui me semble nécessaire pour améliorer le zonage médical. Les questions de démographie médicale varient en effet en fonction des territoires. Les inégalités sont énormes – et s’accroissent. Il y a ainsi trois à six fois plus de médecins à Paris ou à Lyon qu’en Ardèche ou dans la Mayenne. Il revient d’abord aux médecins d’organiser le travail pour soigner l’ensemble de la population. S’ils ne le font pas, les politiques doivent prendre la main et réguler de façon douce, sur le principe d’une installation pour un départ. L’indicateur territorial contribuerait à la mise en place de ce principe puisqu’il aurait pour objet d’évaluer la densité de l’offre de soins médicaux et paramédicaux des territoires, pondérée par leur situation démographique, sanitaire, économique et sociale et de prendre en compte les évolutions anticipées de l’offre de soins résultant de la démographie des professions de santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p782",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "782"
   ],
   "order": 782,
   "text": "Cet amendement est tout à fait dans l’esprit des travaux du groupe transpartisan mais je propose son retrait afin que nous puissions affiner cet indicateur sur le plan légistique. Nous reviendrons sur le principe de régulation en séance",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS16 de M. Fabrice Brun",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p782",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nacf2d144cda7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est tout à fait dans l’esprit des travaux du groupe transpartisan mais je propose son retrait afin que nous puissions affiner cet indicateur sur le plan légistique. Nous reviendrons sur le principe de régulation en séance"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p783",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "783",
    "784"
   ],
   "order": 783,
   "text": "Je le retire, mais j’insiste sur la nécessité de prendre en considération toutes les inégalités territoriales autour de l’offre de soins – l’absence de médecin traitant, la difficulté pour obtenir un rendez-vous avec un spécialiste. En Ardèche, par exemple, il n’est pas rare d’être à 2 heures d’un CHU. Or des études très précises, malheureusement peu médiatisées, font apparaître que les chances de survie après un accident cardiovasculaire peuvent être jusqu’à dix fois inférieures pour les habitants de ces territoires éloignés des CHU L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS16 de M. Fabrice Brun",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p783",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N596be4c800e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je le retire, mais j’insiste sur la nécessité de prendre en considération toutes les inégalités territoriales autour de l’offre de soins – l’absence de médecin traitant, la difficulté pour obtenir un rendez-vous avec un spécialiste. En Ardèche, par exemple, il n’est pas rare d’être à 2 heures d’un CHU. Or des études très précises, malheureusement peu médiatisées, font apparaître que les chances de survie après un accident cardiovasculaire peuvent être jusqu’à dix fois inférieures pour les habitants de ces territoires éloignés des CHU L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p786",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "786"
   ],
   "order": 786,
   "text": "Dans ma région, qui est la plus défavorisée en termes d’accès aux soins, la directrice de l’ARS a mis en place une concertation avec l’association départementale des maires sur les zones sous‑dotées. Cet amendement vise à étendre la concertation sur le zonage avec les associations départementales des maires, ce qui permettrait notamment d’éviter la concurrence pour attirer des médecins",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p786",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N80bea2d72d75",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Dans ma région, qui est la plus défavorisée en termes d’accès aux soins, la directrice de l’ARS a mis en place une concertation avec l’association départementale des maires sur les zones sous‑dotées. Cet amendement vise à étendre la concertation sur le zonage avec les associations départementales des maires, ce qui permettrait notamment d’éviter la concurrence pour attirer des médecins"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "787",
    "788"
   ],
   "order": 787,
   "text": "Les conseils territoriaux de santé (CTS) permettent déjà le débat avec les élus, de tous les niveaux. Ils y sont d’ailleurs très présents. Pourquoi, par ailleurs, ne prévoir qu’une seule catégorie d’élus ? Cela risque de créer d’autres dissensions Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p787",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N9490b92ae10e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les conseils territoriaux de santé (CTS) permettent déjà le débat avec les élus, de tous les niveaux. Ils y sont d’ailleurs très présents. Pourquoi, par ailleurs, ne prévoir qu’une seule catégorie d’élus ? Cela risque de créer d’autres dissensions Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p789",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "789"
   ],
   "order": 789,
   "text": "Les maires sont certes représentés dans les CTS, mais nous nous sommes rendu compte que la concertation avec l’association départementale des maires – donc avec l’ensemble des maires du département – permettait d’éviter la concurrence",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 35,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p789",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nf4d329b4f383",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les maires sont certes représentés dans les CTS, mais nous nous sommes rendu compte que la concertation avec l’association départementale des maires – donc avec l’ensemble des maires du département – permettait d’éviter la concurrence"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p790",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "790"
   ],
   "order": 790,
   "text": "Le CTS n’est pas forcément bien connu. Les maires, les représentants des intercommunalités et des départements n’y siégent pas toujours. Moi-même, souvent, je ne peux assister à ses réunions, qui se tiennent les mardis et mercredis, journées dédiées à l’activité parlementaire. Dans les faits, la représentativité des CTS est donc faible",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p790",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N8e46e9d75dbe",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le CTS n’est pas forcément bien connu. Les maires, les représentants des intercommunalités et des départements n’y siégent pas toujours. Moi-même, souvent, je ne peux assister à ses réunions, qui se tiennent les mardis et mercredis, journées dédiées à l’activité parlementaire. Dans les faits, la représentativité des CTS est donc faible"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p791",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "791"
   ],
   "order": 791,
   "text": "L’approche doit être infra, territoire par territoire, et il faut associer les communautés de communes. Dans le cadre des contrats de plan État-région, j’observe dans ma région que les porteurs de projets sont, à 91 %, les intercommunalités. Une telle approche permet une vision plus précise : au sein du même département, on peut avoir des zones « normalement dotées » et des zones très sous‑dotées",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p791",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe87b100ca9e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’approche doit être infra, territoire par territoire, et il faut associer les communautés de communes. Dans le cadre des contrats de plan État-région, j’observe dans ma région que les porteurs de projets sont, à 91 %, les intercommunalités. Une telle approche permet une vision plus précise : au sein du même département, on peut avoir des zones « normalement dotées » et des zones très sous‑dotées"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p792",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "792"
   ],
   "order": 792,
   "text": "C’est au niveau, non pas du CTS, mais de l’association départementale que les maires pourront avoir une vision coordonnée. Peu importe s’il y a redondance. Il faut mettre fin à la surenchère dans la concurrence entre les municipalités",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p792",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N7b94fa1802a4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "C’est au niveau, non pas du CTS, mais de l’association départementale que les maires pourront avoir une vision coordonnée. Peu importe s’il y a redondance. Il faut mettre fin à la surenchère dans la concurrence entre les municipalités"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p793",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "793"
   ],
   "order": 793,
   "text": "Depuis le covid, les collectivités s’emparent en effet davantage des questions de santé. Comme M. Vigier, je pense qu’il faut retenir l’échelle de l’intercommunalité. Elle me semble la plus propice pour régler les problèmes de compétition entre maires. En tout état de cause, un regard territorial est important pour la démocratie médicale",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p793",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nfe576c53071d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis le covid, les collectivités s’emparent en effet davantage des questions de santé. Comme M. Vigier, je pense qu’il faut retenir l’échelle de l’intercommunalité. Elle me semble la plus propice pour régler les problèmes de compétition entre maires. En tout état de cause, un regard territorial est important pour la démocratie médicale"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p794",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "794",
    "795"
   ],
   "order": 794,
   "text": "Le mécanisme de zonage, qui repose sur un indicateur peu satisfaisant, associe déjà souvent les élus locaux. Ce que propose l’amendement existe déjà dans le code de la santé publique Ce que demandent les élus locaux, en tout cas dans les territoires ruraux comme le mien, c’est qu’on ne se contente pas de constater les inégalités d’accès aux soins et de jongler avec les zonages : ils veulent que les installations soient fléchées vers les territoires qui en ont besoin.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p794",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nbfa064e41242",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le mécanisme de zonage, qui repose sur un indicateur peu satisfaisant, associe déjà souvent les élus locaux. Ce que propose l’amendement existe déjà dans le code de la santé publique Ce que demandent les élus locaux, en tout cas dans les territoires ruraux comme le mien, c’est qu’on ne se contente pas de constater les inégalités d’accès aux soins et de jongler avec les zonages : ils veulent que les installations soient fléchées vers les territoires qui en ont besoin."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p796",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "796",
    "797"
   ],
   "order": 796,
   "text": "Très peu d’élus participent effectivement aux discussions sur le zonage au sein des CTS, qui ne permettent d’ailleurs pas d’avoir une vision départementale. Or, dans un département comme le mien, constitué à 95 % de zones sous‑dotées, il est important de prendre en compte les 5 % qui restent au niveau départemental. En tout cas, les maires le demandent pour éviter la concurrence Il peut arriver que certaines zones soient automatiquement classées comme sous‑dotées alors que, en raison par exemple de la baisse de la population, elles ne le sont clairement plus. Qui mieux que les maires peut savoir comment répartir ces zones ?",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p796",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nd14578a076e3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Très peu d’élus participent effectivement aux discussions sur le zonage au sein des CTS, qui ne permettent d’ailleurs pas d’avoir une vision départementale. Or, dans un département comme le mien, constitué à 95 % de zones sous‑dotées, il est important de prendre en compte les 5 % qui restent au niveau départemental. En tout cas, les maires le demandent pour éviter la concurrence Il peut arriver que certaines zones soient automatiquement classées comme sous‑dotées alors que, en raison par exemple de la baisse de la population, elles ne le sont clairement plus. Qui mieux que les maires peut savoir comment répartir ces zones ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p799",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "799"
   ],
   "order": 799,
   "text": "Pour le zonage, nous sommes confrontés à deux problèmes : d’une part, la méthode employée pour le définir, notamment parce que l’indicateur repose sur des données obsolètes ; d’autre part, le mécanisme de plafonnement budgétaire. Sur tous les territoires, il existe des zones qui auraient dû être définies comme étant prioritaires et qui ne le sont pas. Dans les Deux-Sèvres, le mécanisme de plafonnement limite ainsi à 46 % la part de la population relevant d’un désert médical. La participation des élus locaux n’est pas en jeu ici",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS71 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS76 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 88,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p799",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ndbb1087e590a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour le zonage, nous sommes confrontés à deux problèmes : d’une part, la méthode employée pour le définir, notamment parce que l’indicateur repose sur des données obsolètes ; d’autre part, le mécanisme de plafonnement budgétaire. Sur tous les territoires, il existe des zones qui auraient dû être définies comme étant prioritaires et qui ne le sont pas. Dans les Deux-Sèvres, le mécanisme de plafonnement limite ainsi à 46 % la part de la population relevant d’un désert médical. La participation des élus locaux n’est pas en jeu ici"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p802",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "802"
   ],
   "order": 802,
   "text": "Un médecin exerçant en zone surdotée peut remplacer un autre médecin dans une zone sous‑dotée. Toutefois, s’il veut être lui-même remplacé afin d’assurer une continuité des soins auprès de sa patientèle, il doit demander une dérogation auprès du président de chaque conseil départemental de l’Ordre des médecins. Nous proposons de rendre cette autorisation systématique afin de mobiliser un plus grand nombre de médecins dans ce mouvement de solidarité territoriale. Une expérience a été menée en ce sens dans le Jura",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS51 de Mme Justine Gruet",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p802",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N040d3b5f64eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Un médecin exerçant en zone surdotée peut remplacer un autre médecin dans une zone sous‑dotée. Toutefois, s’il veut être lui-même remplacé afin d’assurer une continuité des soins auprès de sa patientèle, il doit demander une dérogation auprès du président de chaque conseil départemental de l’Ordre des médecins. Nous proposons de rendre cette autorisation systématique afin de mobiliser un plus grand nombre de médecins dans ce mouvement de solidarité territoriale. Une expérience a été menée en ce sens dans le Jura"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p803",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "803",
    "804"
   ],
   "order": 803,
   "text": "Vous mettez à raison en lumière des pratiques vertueuses de solidarité territoriale entre médecins, qui sont à saluer. Toutefois, cet amendement d’appel ne s’inscrit pas dans le champ de l’article 1er : il a pour objet l’installation des médecins et ne concerne donc pas les remplacements Demande de retrait ou défavorable.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS51 de Mme Justine Gruet",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p803",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N6d5a430eb19c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous mettez à raison en lumière des pratiques vertueuses de solidarité territoriale entre médecins, qui sont à saluer. Toutefois, cet amendement d’appel ne s’inscrit pas dans le champ de l’article 1er : il a pour objet l’installation des médecins et ne concerne donc pas les remplacements Demande de retrait ou défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p807",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "807"
   ],
   "order": 807,
   "text": "Parmi les axes à suivre pour offrir une solution médicale dans les territoires sous‑dotés, il y a l’amélioration des modalités de remplacement. Les médecins ont du mal à trouver des remplaçants pour partir en congés et quand ils n’ont d’autre solution que de fermer leur cabinet, ils se prennent souvent une volée de bois vert à leur retour de vacances. Cela ne contribue pas à rendre les territoires attractifs. Par cette demande de rapport, j’aimerais appeler l’attention sur les applications électroniques innovantes qui facilitent la mise en relation des professionnels de santé",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS64 de M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 92,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p807",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N043686581210",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Parmi les axes à suivre pour offrir une solution médicale dans les territoires sous‑dotés, il y a l’amélioration des modalités de remplacement. Les médecins ont du mal à trouver des remplaçants pour partir en congés et quand ils n’ont d’autre solution que de fermer leur cabinet, ils se prennent souvent une volée de bois vert à leur retour de vacances. Cela ne contribue pas à rendre les territoires attractifs. Par cette demande de rapport, j’aimerais appeler l’attention sur les applications électroniques innovantes qui facilitent la mise en relation des professionnels de santé"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p808",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "808",
    "809"
   ],
   "order": 808,
   "text": "Je partage ce constat mais suis défavorable à ce rapport supplémentaire, qui viendrait s’ajouter à une multitude d’informations déjà en notre possession. Je vous propose de retirer votre amendement : nous verrons d’ici à la séance comment prendre en compte les plateformes utilisées pour les remplacements L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS64 de M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p777",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p808",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N765ba31c8316",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage ce constat mais suis défavorable à ce rapport supplémentaire, qui viendrait s’ajouter à une multitude d’informations déjà en notre possession. Je vous propose de retirer votre amendement : nous verrons d’ici à la séance comment prendre en compte les plateformes utilisées pour les remplacements L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur général.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p812",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "812",
    "813"
   ],
   "order": 812,
   "text": "Cet article 2 est intéressant et mon amendement tend à élargir le champ de l’exonération de la majoration imposée aux assurés privés de médecin traitant. Certains se retrouvent bien malgré eux exclus du dispositif. Pensons aux personnes jeunes, aux personnes âgées ou aux personnes en situation handicap, qui ne sont pas toujours bien informées du cadre conventionnel du parcours de soins ou encore aux personnes confrontées aux difficultés d’en trouver un nouveau après le départ à la retraite ou le décès de leur praticien ou à la suite d’un déménagement. Plusieurs médecins avec lesquels j’ai échangé m’ont dit ne pas appliquer de majoration aux patients n’ayant pas déclaré de médecin traitant, choisissant dans leur nomenclature les catégories « soins d’urgence » ou « hors résidence ». Pour la plupart, le problème qui a motivé l’article 2 ne se pose même pas Par ailleurs, j’ai demandé à l’administration des précisions sur les montants que représente cette majoration injuste mais n’ai pas encore obtenu de réponses. Peut-être avez‑vous été éclairés sur ce point lors des auditions préalables ?",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS9 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Article 2 : Suppression de la majoration de la participation de l’assuré social en cas d’impossibilité de désigner un médecin traitant",
   "article_id": "p810",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 176,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p812",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nc0fb1c2216cd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet article 2 est intéressant et mon amendement tend à élargir le champ de l’exonération de la majoration imposée aux assurés privés de médecin traitant. Certains se retrouvent bien malgré eux exclus du dispositif. Pensons aux personnes jeunes, aux personnes âgées ou aux personnes en situation handicap, qui ne sont pas toujours bien informées du cadre conventionnel du parcours de soins ou encore aux personnes confrontées aux difficultés d’en trouver un nouveau après le départ à la retraite ou le décès de leur praticien ou à la suite d’un déménagement. Plusieurs médecins avec lesquels j’ai échangé m’ont dit ne pas appliquer de majoration aux patients n’ayant pas déclaré de médecin traitant, choisissant dans leur nomenclature les catégories « soins d’urgence » ou « hors résidence ». Pour la plupart, le problème qui a motivé l’article 2 ne se pose même pas Par ailleurs, j’ai demandé à l’administration des précisions sur les montants que représente cette majoration injuste mais n’ai pas encore obtenu de réponses. Peut-être avez‑vous été éclairés sur ce point lors des auditions préalables ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p822",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "822"
   ],
   "order": 822,
   "text": "Par cet amendement d’appel, je demande un rapport portant sur la suppression du dispositif du médecin référent, pensant aux 6 millions de Français qui en sont dépourvus, parmi lesquels 600 000 personnes atteintes d’une affection de longue durée (ALD)",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS14 de M. Fabrice Brun",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p820",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p822",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N3781b41347bd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement d’appel, je demande un rapport portant sur la suppression du dispositif du médecin référent, pensant aux 6 millions de Français qui en sont dépourvus, parmi lesquels 600 000 personnes atteintes d’une affection de longue durée (ALD)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p823",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "823"
   ],
   "order": 823,
   "text": "Le problème n’est pas la notion juridique de médecin traitant mais bien la pénalité financière qui s’applique aux assurés qui ne peuvent en désigner. Je suis favorable au maintien de ce dispositif qui répond à un principe d’organisation de notre système de soins qu’il faut réaffirmer",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS14 de M. Fabrice Brun",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p820",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p823",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nd2c42ae31eb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le problème n’est pas la notion juridique de médecin traitant mais bien la pénalité financière qui s’applique aux assurés qui ne peuvent en désigner. Je suis favorable au maintien de ce dispositif qui répond à un principe d’organisation de notre système de soins qu’il faut réaffirmer"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p824",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "824",
    "825"
   ],
   "order": 824,
   "text": "Je suis également favorable à ce dispositif qui favorise la coordination des soins mais j’insiste sur la situation de ces 6 millions de personnes qui n’ont pas de médecin traitant L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS14 de M. Fabrice Brun",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p820",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p824",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N230de562654f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis également favorable à ce dispositif qui favorise la coordination des soins mais j’insiste sur la situation de ces 6 millions de personnes qui n’ont pas de médecin traitant L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718838",
   "speaker": "Fabrice Brun",
   "quality": "M. Fabrice Brun (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p827",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "827"
   ],
   "order": 827,
   "text": "Il s’agit d’une autre demande de rapport, qui porte cette fois‑ci sur les conséquences financières du système de majoration pour les personnes dépourvues de médecin traitant. Il n’est pas normal qu’elles fassent l’objet d’une double peine : elles sont non seulement moins bien soignées mais aussi moins bien remboursées par l’assurance maladie",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS19 de M. Fabrice Brun",
   "article": "Après l’article 2",
   "article_id": "p820",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p827",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N2fc8fe47ba37",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit d’une autre demande de rapport, qui porte cette fois‑ci sur les conséquences financières du système de majoration pour les personnes dépourvues de médecin traitant. Il n’est pas normal qu’elles fassent l’objet d’une double peine : elles sont non seulement moins bien soignées mais aussi moins bien remboursées par l’assurance maladie"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p833",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "833"
   ],
   "order": 833,
   "text": "Cet amendement rédactionnel entend donner davantage de sens à l’alinéa 2, dont les termes ne paraissent pas adaptés. Je ne vois pas en quoi l’accès aux soins devrait être « démocratique ». Nous vous proposons de remettre les patients au cœur de la phrase",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS32 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 3 : Territorialisation des études de santé",
   "article_id": "p831",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p833",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nf573a557440b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement rédactionnel entend donner davantage de sens à l’alinéa 2, dont les termes ne paraissent pas adaptés. Je ne vois pas en quoi l’accès aux soins devrait être « démocratique ». Nous vous proposons de remettre les patients au cœur de la phrase"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p834",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "834",
    "835"
   ],
   "order": 834,
   "text": "Avis défavorable Par votre amendement, vous voulez garantir l’accès aux études médicales « à tous les patients ». Notre texte vise plus large : il concerne non seulement les patients – rares à s’inscrire en première année de médecine, vous en conviendrez – mais aussi l’ensemble des étudiants en santé.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS32 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 3 : Territorialisation des études de santé",
   "article_id": "p831",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p834",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nb9df130a186d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable Par votre amendement, vous voulez garantir l’accès aux études médicales « à tous les patients ». Notre texte vise plus large : il concerne non seulement les patients – rares à s’inscrire en première année de médecine, vous en conviendrez – mais aussi l’ensemble des étudiants en santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p836",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "836"
   ],
   "order": 836,
   "text": "Il est tout à votre honneur, monsieur Bentz, de vouloir former toutes les patientes et tous les patients en leur garantissant un accès aux études de médecine. Cela aurait l’avantage d’élever les connaissances médicales dans la population mais je ne crois pas que ce soit l’objectif recherché et l’hypothèse la plus probable est que vous avez fait une confusion dans les articles",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS32 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 3 : Territorialisation des études de santé",
   "article_id": "p831",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p836",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N059d1f79f113",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est tout à votre honneur, monsieur Bentz, de vouloir former toutes les patientes et tous les patients en leur garantissant un accès aux études de médecine. Cela aurait l’avantage d’élever les connaissances médicales dans la population mais je ne crois pas que ce soit l’objectif recherché et l’hypothèse la plus probable est que vous avez fait une confusion dans les articles"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p841",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "841"
   ],
   "order": 841,
   "text": "Il s’agit de préciser que l’accès aux études médicales est garanti en particulier dans les zones rurales et d’outre-mer sous‑dotées, qui sont les premières à souffrir de la désertification médicale",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS46 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 3 : Territorialisation des études de santé",
   "article_id": "p831",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p841",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nc4d249e54fc8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit de préciser que l’accès aux études médicales est garanti en particulier dans les zones rurales et d’outre-mer sous‑dotées, qui sont les premières à souffrir de la désertification médicale"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p843",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "843"
   ],
   "order": 843,
   "text": "Le Rassemblement national parle à longueur de journée des quartiers populaires sans véritablement les connaître et nous en avons une nouvelle preuve. Il semble ignorer en effet qu’au même titre que les zones rurales et les outre‑mer, ceux-ci font partie des déserts médicaux, tout comme d’ailleurs les grandes villes. À trop en faire, on n’en fait pas assez : vous devriez tout simplement arrêter de faire",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS46 de M. Christophe Bentz",
   "article": "Article 3 : Territorialisation des études de santé",
   "article_id": "p831",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p843",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N8620ab214249",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le [GROUPE] parle à longueur de journée des quartiers populaires sans véritablement les connaître et nous en avons une nouvelle preuve. Il semble ignorer en effet qu’au même titre que les zones rurales et les outre‑mer, ceux-ci font partie des déserts médicaux, tout comme d’ailleurs les grandes villes. À trop en faire, on n’en fait pas assez : vous devriez tout simplement arrêter de faire"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841047",
   "speaker": "François-Xavier Ceccoli",
   "quality": "M. François-Xavier Ceccoli (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p846",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "846"
   ],
   "order": 846,
   "text": "Nous considérons que le futur CHU de Corse n’a pas forcément à être situé « au sein du chef‐lieu de la collectivité de Corse ». Nous préférons la rédaction de la proposition de loi visant à la création d’un centre hospitalier universitaire en Corse, dont notre commission avait été saisie le 15 octobre 2024, qui l’établit au sein « de la collectivité de Corse en tenant compte des spécificités locales ». En clair, il s’agit d’éviter qu’Ajaccio, déjà dotée d’une grande avance, notamment avec son nouvel hôpital, ne concentre l’offre de soins",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS29 de M. François-Xavier Ceccoli",
   "article": "Article 3 : Territorialisation des études de santé",
   "article_id": "p831",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 92,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p846",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na9c219d150d0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous considérons que le futur CHU de Corse n’a pas forcément à être situé « au sein du chef‐lieu de la collectivité de Corse ». Nous préférons la rédaction de la proposition de loi visant à la création d’un centre hospitalier universitaire en Corse, dont notre commission avait été saisie le 15 octobre 2024, qui l’établit au sein « de la collectivité de Corse en tenant compte des spécificités locales ». En clair, il s’agit d’éviter qu’Ajaccio, déjà dotée d’une grande avance, notamment avec son nouvel hôpital, ne concentre l’offre de soins"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p854",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "854"
   ],
   "order": 854,
   "text": "La permanence de soins obligatoire qu’instaure cet article est une fausse bonne réponse. Partout, il y a une pénurie de médecins. Ces nouvelles contraintes feront partir les derniers soldats qui tiennent les territoires tendus. Nous voulons donc supprimer ces dispositions totalement contre-productives",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p854",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nda9177c5d9d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La permanence de soins obligatoire qu’instaure cet article est une fausse bonne réponse. Partout, il y a une pénurie de médecins. Ces nouvelles contraintes feront partir les derniers soldats qui tiennent les territoires tendus. Nous voulons donc supprimer ces dispositions totalement contre-productives"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p856",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "856",
    "857"
   ],
   "order": 856,
   "text": "La loi Valletoux a permis de mettre en place des dispositifs intéressants comme l’ouverture des services d’accès aux soins à d’autres filières. Même si la situation semble s’aggraver pour nos patients, la permanence des soins s’est améliorée avec 92 % du territoire désormais couvert. Appliquons d’abord ce qui a été voté J’ajoute que cette obligation s’imposant à tous les médecins, beaucoup d’entre eux préféreront partir à la retraite, ce qui affectera l’accès aux soins.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p856",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N837928c05f25",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JMQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La loi Valletoux a permis de mettre en place des dispositifs intéressants comme l’ouverture des services d’accès aux soins à d’autres filières. Même si la situation semble s’aggraver pour nos patients, la permanence des soins s’est améliorée avec 92 % du territoire désormais couvert. Appliquons d’abord ce qui a été voté J’ajoute que cette obligation s’imposant à tous les médecins, beaucoup d’entre eux préféreront partir à la retraite, ce qui affectera l’accès aux soins."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p858",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "858"
   ],
   "order": 858,
   "text": "Je ne nie pas que certaines organisations fonctionnent mais il y a partout des trous dans la raquette. Cet article repose sur un principe de solidarité : mieux répartir la charge qui pèse sur les praticiens à l’échelle d’un territoire afin qu’elle soit supportable pour chacun",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p858",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N49ddbaf2833b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne nie pas que certaines organisations fonctionnent mais il y a partout des trous dans la raquette. Cet article repose sur un principe de solidarité : mieux répartir la charge qui pèse sur les praticiens à l’échelle d’un territoire afin qu’elle soit supportable pour chacun"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605745",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Sansu",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Sansu (GDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845514",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p860",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "860"
   ],
   "order": 860,
   "text": "Dans la maison médicale de garde située dans le chef-lieu de ma circonscription, les volontaires doivent assurer la permanence des soins toutes les six semaines. Si elle était rendue obligatoire, ils n’auraient plus à le faire que toutes les quinze ou seize semaines. Pour éviter aux professionnels volontaires l’épuisement, il serait bon que la charge soit partagée",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p860",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na28cd451e80c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans la maison médicale de garde située dans le chef-lieu de ma circonscription, les volontaires doivent assurer la permanence des soins toutes les six semaines. Si elle était rendue obligatoire, ils n’auraient plus à le faire que toutes les quinze ou seize semaines. Pour éviter aux professionnels volontaires l’épuisement, il serait bon que la charge soit partagée"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p861",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "861"
   ],
   "order": 861,
   "text": "S’appuyant sur une récente étude menée par le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins, son président m’indiquait que la permanence des soins connaissait une nette amélioration, notamment parce que davantage de professionnels y adhèrent. Ne cassons pas cette dynamique. Cette obligation risque, en outre, d’affecter des médecins déjà très fatigués par leur lourde charge de travail, notamment dans les zones rurales",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p861",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N5c7cc1417ee9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "S’appuyant sur une récente étude menée par le Conseil national de l’Ordre des médecins, son président m’indiquait que la permanence des soins connaissait une nette amélioration, notamment parce que davantage de professionnels y adhèrent. Ne cassons pas cette dynamique. Cette obligation risque, en outre, d’affecter des médecins déjà très fatigués par leur lourde charge de travail, notamment dans les zones rurales"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p862",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "862",
    "863",
    "864"
   ],
   "order": 862,
   "text": "Environ 15 000 médecins travaillent à temps partiel ou dans le cadre du cumul emploi-retraite. Beaucoup parmi ces derniers nous avaient mis en garde, lors de l’examen des propositions de loi défendues par Mme Rist et par vous-même, monsieur le président : si la participation à la permanence des soins était rendue obligatoire, ils ne pourraient plus suivre, eux qui travaillent à l’ancienne en ne comptant pas leurs heures. Comment l’imposer aussi à des femmes enceintes ? Que ceux qui, ici, s’exclament viennent travailler 70 heures par semaine en milieu semi-rural, comme c’était mon cas lorsque j’étais généraliste, et nous en reparlerons Se pose en outre le problème de la compensation des gardes. S’il est bien pris en compte dans le milieu hospitalier, il ne l’est pas dans le secteur libéral. Des amendements devraient apporter des correctifs. En quarante ans, la permanence des soins a été réorganisée à de multiples reprises, avec des résultats variables selon les territoires. Aujourd’hui, 95 % du territoire national est couvert, alors qu’il n’y a pas de coercition : cela me paraît quand même très bien.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 181,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p862",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N8a894a23457e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Environ 15 000 médecins travaillent à temps partiel ou dans le cadre du cumul emploi-retraite. Beaucoup parmi ces derniers nous avaient mis en garde, lors de l’examen des propositions de loi défendues par Mme Rist et par vous-même, monsieur le président : si la participation à la permanence des soins était rendue obligatoire, ils ne pourraient plus suivre, eux qui travaillent à l’ancienne en ne comptant pas leurs heures. Comment l’imposer aussi à des femmes enceintes ? Que ceux qui, ici, s’exclament viennent travailler 70 heures par semaine en milieu semi-rural, comme c’était mon cas lorsque j’étais généraliste, et nous en reparlerons Se pose en outre le problème de la compensation des gardes. S’il est bien pris en compte dans le milieu hospitalier, il ne l’est pas dans le secteur libéral. Des amendements devraient apporter des correctifs. En quarante ans, la permanence des soins a été réorganisée à de multiples reprises, avec des résultats variables selon les territoires. Aujourd’hui, 95 % du territoire national est couvert, alors qu’il n’y a pas de coercition : cela me paraît quand même très bien."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331582",
   "speaker": "Philippe Vigier",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Vigier (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p865",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "865"
   ],
   "order": 865,
   "text": "Je voterai contre ces amendements de suppression. Dans mon territoire, après nous être bagarrés pendant un an et demi, nous sommes parvenus à établir une permanence des soins grâce à des praticiens qui se sont engagés à assurer des soins non programmés. Le taux atteint 65 médecins pour 100 000 habitants, à 100 kilomètres de Paris, et la moitié des médecins effecteurs ont plus de 70 ans. Jean-François Rousset comme moi-même avons été astreints à des gardes obligatoires et je ne crois pas que nous nous en sommes plus mal portés. J’estime que les médecins participent au service public : à ce titre, ils ont une responsabilité dans le continuum des soins",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p865",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N9e7738f368a5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voterai contre ces amendements de suppression. Dans mon territoire, après nous être bagarrés pendant un an et demi, nous sommes parvenus à établir une permanence des soins grâce à des praticiens qui se sont engagés à assurer des soins non programmés. Le taux atteint 65 médecins pour 100 000 habitants, à 100 kilomètres de Paris, et la moitié des médecins effecteurs ont plus de 70 ans. [PERSONNE] comme moi-même avons été astreints à des gardes obligatoires et je ne crois pas que nous nous en sommes plus mal portés. J’estime que les médecins participent au service public : à ce titre, ils ont une responsabilité dans le continuum des soins"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p866",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "866",
    "867"
   ],
   "order": 866,
   "text": "Certains collègues se félicitent de la belle dynamique que connaît la permanence des soins. Selon leurs propres chiffres, la participation des médecins serait passée en deux ans de 38 % à 39 %. Mais à ce rythme-là, les patients devront attendre cent vingt ans pour que tout le territoire soit couvert. C’est un peu long ! Rétablir une permanence obligatoire de soins aidera d’abord les médecins grâce à la mutualisation : le tiers des médecins qui assurent déjà cette permanence verront leur charge de travail divisée par trois et les femmes enceintes pourront être dégagées de toute astreinte. Ensuite, cela aidera le système de santé dans sa globalité en limitant les reports sur les urgences. Enfin, cela aidera les personnes qui ont la mauvaise idée de tomber malade entre 20 heures et 8 heures, auxquelles le droit à la santé doit aussi être assuré. Cette organisation du système de soins est d’intérêt général.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 153,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p866",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N6716df105abd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Certains collègues se félicitent de la belle dynamique que connaît la permanence des soins. Selon leurs propres chiffres, la participation des médecins serait passée en deux ans de 38 % à 39 %. Mais à ce rythme-là, les patients devront attendre cent vingt ans pour que tout le territoire soit couvert. C’est un peu long ! Rétablir une permanence obligatoire de soins aidera d’abord les médecins grâce à la mutualisation : le tiers des médecins qui assurent déjà cette permanence verront leur charge de travail divisée par trois et les femmes enceintes pourront être dégagées de toute astreinte. Ensuite, cela aidera le système de santé dans sa globalité en limitant les reports sur les urgences. Enfin, cela aidera les personnes qui ont la mauvaise idée de tomber malade entre 20 heures et 8 heures, auxquelles le droit à la santé doit aussi être assuré. Cette organisation du système de soins est d’intérêt général."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p868",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "868",
    "869"
   ],
   "order": 868,
   "text": "Dans certains territoires, notamment ceux qui sont surdotés, cette permanence obligatoire aboutira sans doute à un allégement de la charge de travail mais dans d’autres, cela aura des effets contre-productifs. Comment feront les praticiens se partageant à quatre ou cinq des territoires de montagne ou des petits bassins de vie pour assurer des gardes un week-end par mois alors qu’ils travaillent déjà plus de 60 heures par semaine ? Ils seront tentés de partir et l’attractivité de la zone sera encore réduite Dans la région où j’habite, la permanence des soins est parfaitement organisée mais depuis le 1er janvier, le médecin effecteur doit s’assurer, avant de soigner un patient, que celui-ci a d’abord appelé la régulation du 15. S’il le reçoit quand même, il lui faut facturer des dépassements d’honoraires, au risque de se voir réclamer des indus. C’est l’exemple typique de la fausse bonne mesure qui part d’en haut et qui, appliquée sur le terrain, met en péril tout un système.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 162,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p868",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ncf71fddc2626",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Dans certains territoires, notamment ceux qui sont surdotés, cette permanence obligatoire aboutira sans doute à un allégement de la charge de travail mais dans d’autres, cela aura des effets contre-productifs. Comment feront les praticiens se partageant à quatre ou cinq des territoires de montagne ou des petits bassins de vie pour assurer des gardes un week-end par mois alors qu’ils travaillent déjà plus de 60 heures par semaine ? Ils seront tentés de partir et l’attractivité de la zone sera encore réduite Dans la région où j’habite, la permanence des soins est parfaitement organisée mais depuis le 1er janvier, le médecin effecteur doit s’assurer, avant de soigner un patient, que celui-ci a d’abord appelé la régulation du 15. S’il le reçoit quand même, il lui faut facturer des dépassements d’honoraires, au risque de se voir réclamer des indus. C’est l’exemple typique de la fausse bonne mesure qui part d’en haut et qui, appliquée sur le terrain, met en péril tout un système."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p870",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "870",
    "871"
   ],
   "order": 870,
   "text": "La permanence des soins s’est-elle dégradée depuis qu’il n’est plus obligatoire pour les praticiens d’y participer ? La réponse est oui. Et il nous faut prendre en compte l’épuisement professionnel de ceux qui se portent volontaires Je suis lasse d’entendre ces arguments sur les risques encourus par les femmes enceintes et les médecins ayant dépassé l’âge de la retraite. Le Conseil de l’Ordre a déjà mis en place une procédure d’exemption pour la permanence des soins et si leur situation l’exige, les praticiens pourront demander à ne pas y participer.",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p870",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Nb18530199b9e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La permanence des soins s’est-elle dégradée depuis qu’il n’est plus obligatoire pour les praticiens d’y participer ? La réponse est oui. Et il nous faut prendre en compte l’épuisement professionnel de ceux qui se portent volontaires Je suis lasse d’entendre ces arguments sur les risques encourus par les femmes enceintes et les médecins ayant dépassé l’âge de la retraite. Le Conseil de l’Ordre a déjà mis en place une procédure d’exemption pour la permanence des soins et si leur situation l’exige, les praticiens pourront demander à ne pas y participer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720066",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Rist",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Rist (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p872",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "872"
   ],
   "order": 872,
   "text": "Certes, monsieur Vigier, il faut que nos professionnels de santé aient le sens du service public. Toutefois cette responsabilisation n’implique pas que la participation à ces missions soit obligatoire pour tous et prenne la même forme. Ils doivent pouvoir être rémunérés et choisir. Il importe également de prendre en compte les progrès accomplis dans la permanence de soins : 96 % des territoires sont déjà couverts. Une dynamique est à l’œuvre. Dans ma circonscription, même si l’accès aux soins non programmés reste compliqué, l’amélioration est nette depuis cinq ans",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 89,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p872",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N3cf1ce57414d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Certes, monsieur Vigier, il faut que nos professionnels de santé aient le sens du service public. Toutefois cette responsabilisation n’implique pas que la participation à ces missions soit obligatoire pour tous et prenne la même forme. Ils doivent pouvoir être rémunérés et choisir. Il importe également de prendre en compte les progrès accomplis dans la permanence de soins : 96 % des territoires sont déjà couverts. Une dynamique est à l’œuvre. Dans ma circonscription, même si l’accès aux soins non programmés reste compliqué, l’amélioration est nette depuis cinq ans"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p873",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "873"
   ],
   "order": 873,
   "text": "Ajoutons que les médecins n’échappent pas aux phénomènes sociétaux : comme de plus en plus de Français, ils veulent avoir du temps en dehors de leur vie professionnelle. Ce souhait n’est pas antinomique avec celui des patients de bénéficier d’une prise en charge de qualité, rapide, efficace, comme le montre l’exemple du Jura. L’organisation de la permanence des soins a été modifiée : les tours de garde au sein de cinq secteurs ont été supprimés au profit de permanences au sein d’une maison médicale de garde, située juste à côté des urgences hospitalières, vers laquelle le patient est orienté si son état n’exige pas une hospitalisation",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression AS4 de M. Paul-André Colombani, AS7 de M. Thibault Bazin, AS70 de M. Jean-François Rousset et AS78 de Mme Stéphanie Rist",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 106,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p873",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "N587169368a93",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ajoutons que les médecins n’échappent pas aux phénomènes sociétaux : comme de plus en plus de Français, ils veulent avoir du temps en dehors de leur vie professionnelle. Ce souhait n’est pas antinomique avec celui des patients de bénéficier d’une prise en charge de qualité, rapide, efficace, comme le montre l’exemple du Jura. L’organisation de la permanence des soins a été modifiée : les tours de garde au sein de cinq secteurs ont été supprimés au profit de permanences au sein d’une maison médicale de garde, située juste à côté des urgences hospitalières, vers laquelle le patient est orienté si son état n’exige pas une hospitalisation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p876",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "876"
   ],
   "order": 876,
   "text": "L’obligation de permanence des soins doit s’appliquer, outre aux médecins libéraux, aux médecins salariés qui ont fait le choix de travailler 35 heures par semaine et de s’arrêter chaque jour à 17 heures",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendements AS54 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, AS83 de M. Frédéric Valletoux et AS86 de M. Guillaume Garot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p876",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Na4fd8f6bbbdb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’obligation de permanence des soins doit s’appliquer, outre aux médecins libéraux, aux médecins salariés qui ont fait le choix de travailler 35 heures par semaine et de s’arrêter chaque jour à 17 heures"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B1180@2025-03-26",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B1180",
   "date": "2025-03-26",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B1180.html",
   "source_sha256": "939e3464979142c030892102c53280a400fd2a9dd5ba89af1f863a27b4050388",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "medecins::RAPPANR5L17B1180-p881",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "881"
   ],
   "order": 881,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à préserver l’équilibre entre continuité des soins et prise en compte des situations particulières des professionnels de santé. Une exemption doit être prévue pour les femmes enceintes ainsi que pour les professionnels confrontés à des limitations médicales ou physiques, après une évaluation effectuée par les ordres professionnels compétents, préférable à une exemption automatique liée à l’âge",
   "top": "Contre les déserts médicaux, d'initiative transpartisane",
   "section": "Amendement AS26 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article 4 : Rétablissement d’une permanence obligatoire de soins ambulatoires",
   "article_id": "p852",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B1180-p881",
   "case": "medecins",
   "annotation_id": "Ne58fc5cfe6e8",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à préserver l’équilibre entre continuité des soins et prise en compte des situations particulières des professionnels de santé. Une exemption doit être prévue pour les femmes enceintes ainsi que pour les professionnels confrontés à des limitations médicales ou physiques, après une évaluation effectuée par les ordres professionnels compétents, préférable à une exemption automatique liée à l’âge"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p364",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "364",
    "365",
    "366",
    "367",
    "368",
    "369",
    "370",
    "371",
    "372",
    "373",
    "374",
    "375",
    "376",
    "377",
    "378",
    "379"
   ],
   "order": 364,
   "text": "Je suis très heureux que nous abordions la discussion de ce projet de loi en commission des affaires économiques, dont nous avons déjà très longuement discuté hier en commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire La jaunisse de la betterave est provoquée par un puceron qui inocule un virus modifiant le métabolisme de la plante : il stoppe la photosynthèse, détruit la chlorophylle et fait donc jaunir les feuilles. Dès lors, la betterave produit beaucoup moins de sucre, ce qui met en péril les rendements. Les récoltes commencent à peine dans certains territoires mais cette maladie frappe un nombre très conséquent de champs de betteraves. À cela s’ajoutent les difficultés du secteur sucrier suite à des décisions qui ont été prises pendant la dernière décennie, dont la fin des quotas. Le secteur de la betterave dépend de surcroît, en aval, de l’industrie sucrière – nous comptons vingt-et-une sucreries en France – dont le point d’équilibre chute en cas de rendements insuffisants, entraînant ainsi la fermeture de ces usines. Il en va donc de notre souveraineté. Nombre de planteurs, en ce moment même, hésitent à replanter des betteraves : outre la maladie de la jaunisse, un effondrement du rendement implique un manque conséquent de revenus. Si les sucreries ferment, c’est toute la filière de la betterave qui peut disparaître en une ou deux saisons. Il est donc urgent d’agir avec responsabilité et courage en reconnaissant d’abord que nous nous trouvons devant une impasse, la recherche scientifique et agronomique, publique ou privée, n’ayant pu trouver à ce jour une solution alternative à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. La première alternative envisagée consisterait à placer l’ensemble de la filière sous perfusion économique jusqu’à ce que l’on trouve une solution agronomique, or, les règles européennes sont très claires et nous interdisent d’indemniser à 100 % les agriculteurs. Une indemnisation maximale, à hauteur du régime de base, qui est de 65 %, voire la présentation, à Bruxelles, d’un nouveau régime qui s’élèverait à 80 %, ne changerait rien. Les alternatives dites chimiques, quant à elles, existent depuis 2018. L’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (ANSES) a autorisé en 2018 la mise sur le marché d’autres substances, notamment le Teppeki et le Movento, pour pallier l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes enrobés pour la betterave mais leurs effets ne sont pas du tout à la hauteur du problème que nous rencontrons aujourd’hui et, parfois, leurs conséquences sur l’environnement sont significatives puisque leur diffusion répétée peut entraîner leur rémanence dans les sols voire une infiltration dans les nappes phréatiques. Enfin, nous avons recherché une alternative agronomique. Premier volet : la sélection génétique. Il s’agit d’identifier des semences qui réagiraient différemment au virus inoculé par ce puceron sans modifier le métabolisme de la plante. À ce jour, nous n’en avons pas trouvé. J’ai encore discuté hier avec les équipes de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE), selon lesquelles quelques semences ont été identifiées mais pour faire face à seulement un ou deux types de virus sur les quatre existant. Deuxième volet : la biosécurité. Il s’agit de favoriser la présence d’auxiliaires dans nos champs comme, par exemple, les coccinelles, prédateurs naturels de ces pucerons. Des recherches intéressantes sont en cours mais nous devons créer un écosystème – le gîte et le couvert ! – de ces auxiliaires, ce qui implique de planter des haies et de créer des zones d’accueil, ce qui ne se fait pas du jour au lendemain. Troisième volet : les pratiques culturales, à mes yeux les plus prometteuses. Il s’agit d’adapter la taille des parcelles ou d’autres facteurs de gestion des cultures. Par exemple, comme l’a montré une expérimentation dans l’Oise, le semis d’avoine aux côtés de la betterave pourrait avoir un effet répulsif pour les pucerons, sans que cela ait été toutefois confirmé à ce jour. J’évoquais donc notre souveraineté. Si la filière sucrière s’effondre en deux ans, plus question de transition agroécologique ; de plus, onze producteurs européens sur quatorze – c’est notamment le cas des Polonais, des Belges et des Allemands – ont utilisé des dérogations à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et utilisent même parfois des produits interdits en France. Voulons-nous pérenniser la filière sucrière en l’aidant à passer cette période difficile et en accélérant sa transition ou considérons-nous qu’elle ne fait plus partie des objectifs de la politique agricole française, que ce n’est pas grave pour notre souveraineté, que ce n’est pas grave si 46 000 emplois sont concernés ? En tout cas, dans deux ans, nous, vous, vos enfants continueront à consommer du sucre et ce serait alors du sucre polonais, belge, allemand. Face à cette question de souveraineté, le Gouvernement propose un plan d’ensemble dont l’un des principaux volets est le projet de loi que j’ai l’honneur de vous soumettre cet après-midi. Son article unique vise à donner la possibilité à la France d’utiliser la même règle de dérogation que nos onze partenaires européens. Une loi est nécessaire parce que la loi de 2016 sur les néonicotinoïdes en interdit l’utilisation et interdit toute possibilité de dérogation. Il ne nous est donc pas possible d’utiliser l’article 53 du Règlement européen, fondement juridique sur lequel s’appuient nos partenaires pour demander des dérogations à ces interdictions. Vous le constatez, j’insiste exclusivement sur la question de la souveraineté : depuis que je suis en fonction au ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, c’est elle qui m’obsède. Je suis convaincu que notre agriculture est confrontée à ce défi de l’indépendance. Je suis convaincu que la force d’une société et d’une civilisation – c’est vrai depuis 2 000 ans – dépend de la puissance de son agriculture. Lorsqu’un pan entier de notre agriculture est en danger et qu’il faudrait se résoudre à importer du sucre en provenance d’autres pays européens, qui plus est produit dans des conditions qui n’ont rien à voir avec celles qui sont en vigueur chez nous, alors, notre souveraineté est profondément atteinte. Politiquement, ce texte emporte des conséquences. Il ne constitue en rien un renoncement écologique mais il incarne une volonté de souveraineté. Je rappelle d’ailleurs que la loi de 2016 a mis fin à 92 % des usages de néonicotinoïdes. Or, la politique, c’est aussi avoir le courage et l’humilité de reconnaître les impasses et d’y faire face en sachant que la poursuite de la transition agroécologique implique d’abord de disposer de filières vivantes. En outre, il faut faire des comparaisons à partir des référentiels actuels. L’ANSES a ainsi autorisé l’utilisation d’autres produits mais qui ont des conséquences sur l’environnement, en particulier lorsqu’ils sont utilisés au-delà des doses initialement prévues faute d’avoir les effets escomptés. Jamais je ne me cacherai derrière mon petit doigt : les néonicotinoïdes ont des conséquences sur l’environnement que je ne cherche en rien à minimiser. Dans « transition agroécologique », il y a d’abord « transition », et elle prend parfois du temps. En politique, il faut avoir le courage de l’affronter, et c’est le sens de ce projet qui sera complété par des engagements de la filière elle-même en termes de prévention, des engagements de la recherche, avec 5 millions financés par l’État, et un suivi dont nous allons débattre, lequel doit être fort, aigu, et associer la représentation démocratique afin de trouver les alternatives nécessaires d’ici à trois ans, délai posé par cette loi.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1218,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p364",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N30574da2db4d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMTV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très heureux que nous abordions la discussion de ce projet de loi en commission des affaires économiques, dont nous avons déjà très longuement discuté hier en commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire La jaunisse de la betterave est provoquée par un puceron qui inocule un virus modifiant le métabolisme de la plante : il stoppe la photosynthèse, détruit la chlorophylle et fait donc jaunir les feuilles. Dès lors, la betterave produit beaucoup moins de sucre, ce qui met en péril les rendements. Les récoltes commencent à peine dans certains territoires mais cette maladie frappe un nombre très conséquent de champs de betteraves. À cela s’ajoutent les difficultés du secteur sucrier suite à des décisions qui ont été prises pendant la dernière décennie, dont la fin des quotas. Le secteur de la betterave dépend de surcroît, en aval, de l’industrie sucrière – nous comptons vingt-et-une sucreries en France – dont le point d’équilibre chute en cas de rendements insuffisants, entraînant ainsi la fermeture de ces usines. Il en va donc de notre souveraineté. Nombre de planteurs, en ce moment même, hésitent à replanter des betteraves : outre la maladie de la jaunisse, un effondrement du rendement implique un manque conséquent de revenus. Si les sucreries ferment, c’est toute la filière de la betterave qui peut disparaître en une ou deux saisons. Il est donc urgent d’agir avec responsabilité et courage en reconnaissant d’abord que nous nous trouvons devant une impasse, la recherche scientifique et agronomique, publique ou privée, n’ayant pu trouver à ce jour une solution alternative à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. La première alternative envisagée consisterait à placer l’ensemble de la filière sous perfusion économique jusqu’à ce que l’on trouve une solution agronomique, or, les règles européennes sont très claires et nous interdisent d’indemniser à 100 % les agriculteurs. Une indemnisation maximale, à hauteur du régime de base, qui est de 65 %, voire la présentation, à Bruxelles, d’un nouveau régime qui s’élèverait à 80 %, ne changerait rien. Les alternatives dites chimiques, quant à elles, existent depuis 2018. L’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (ANSES) a autorisé en 2018 la mise sur le marché d’autres substances, notamment le Teppeki et le Movento, pour pallier l’arrêt des néonicotinoïdes enrobés pour la betterave mais leurs effets ne sont pas du tout à la hauteur du problème que nous rencontrons aujourd’hui et, parfois, leurs conséquences sur l’environnement sont significatives puisque leur diffusion répétée peut entraîner leur rémanence dans les sols voire une infiltration dans les nappes phréatiques. Enfin, nous avons recherché une alternative agronomique. Premier volet : la sélection génétique. Il s’agit d’identifier des semences qui réagiraient différemment au virus inoculé par ce puceron sans modifier le métabolisme de la plante. À ce jour, nous n’en avons pas trouvé. J’ai encore discuté hier avec les équipes de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE), selon lesquelles quelques semences ont été identifiées mais pour faire face à seulement un ou deux types de virus sur les quatre existant. Deuxième volet : la biosécurité. Il s’agit de favoriser la présence d’auxiliaires dans nos champs comme, par exemple, les coccinelles, prédateurs naturels de ces pucerons. Des recherches intéressantes sont en cours mais nous devons créer un écosystème – le gîte et le couvert ! – de ces auxiliaires, ce qui implique de planter des haies et de créer des zones d’accueil, ce qui ne se fait pas du jour au lendemain. Troisième volet : les pratiques culturales, à mes yeux les plus prometteuses. Il s’agit d’adapter la taille des parcelles ou d’autres facteurs de gestion des cultures. Par exemple, comme l’a montré une expérimentation dans l’Oise, le semis d’avoine aux côtés de la betterave pourrait avoir un effet répulsif pour les pucerons, sans que cela ait été toutefois confirmé à ce jour. J’évoquais donc notre souveraineté. Si la filière sucrière s’effondre en deux ans, plus question de transition agroécologique ; de plus, onze producteurs européens sur quatorze – c’est notamment le cas des Polonais, des Belges et des Allemands – ont utilisé des dérogations à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et utilisent même parfois des produits interdits en France. Voulons-nous pérenniser la filière sucrière en l’aidant à passer cette période difficile et en accélérant sa transition ou considérons-nous qu’elle ne fait plus partie des objectifs de la politique agricole française, que ce n’est pas grave pour notre souveraineté, que ce n’est pas grave si 46 000 emplois sont concernés ? En tout cas, dans deux ans, nous, vous, vos enfants continueront à consommer du sucre et ce serait alors du sucre polonais, belge, allemand. Face à cette question de souveraineté, le Gouvernement propose un plan d’ensemble dont l’un des principaux volets est le projet de loi que j’ai l’honneur de vous soumettre cet après-midi. Son article unique vise à donner la possibilité à la France d’utiliser la même règle de dérogation que nos onze partenaires européens. Une loi est nécessaire parce que la loi de 2016 sur les néonicotinoïdes en interdit l’utilisation et interdit toute possibilité de dérogation. Il ne nous est donc pas possible d’utiliser l’article 53 du Règlement européen, fondement juridique sur lequel s’appuient nos partenaires pour demander des dérogations à ces interdictions. Vous le constatez, j’insiste exclusivement sur la question de la souveraineté : depuis que je suis en fonction au ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, c’est elle qui m’obsède. Je suis convaincu que notre agriculture est confrontée à ce défi de l’indépendance. Je suis convaincu que la force d’une société et d’une civilisation – c’est vrai depuis 2 000 ans – dépend de la puissance de son agriculture. Lorsqu’un pan entier de notre agriculture est en danger et qu’il faudrait se résoudre à importer du sucre en provenance d’autres pays européens, qui plus est produit dans des conditions qui n’ont rien à voir avec celles qui sont en vigueur chez nous, alors, notre souveraineté est profondément atteinte. Politiquement, ce texte emporte des conséquences. Il ne constitue en rien un renoncement écologique mais il incarne une volonté de souveraineté. Je rappelle d’ailleurs que la loi de 2016 a mis fin à 92 % des usages de néonicotinoïdes. Or, la politique, c’est aussi avoir le courage et l’humilité de reconnaître les impasses et d’y faire face en sachant que la poursuite de la transition agroécologique implique d’abord de disposer de filières vivantes. En outre, il faut faire des comparaisons à partir des référentiels actuels. L’ANSES a ainsi autorisé l’utilisation d’autres produits mais qui ont des conséquences sur l’environnement, en particulier lorsqu’ils sont utilisés au-delà des doses initialement prévues faute d’avoir les effets escomptés. Jamais je ne me cacherai derrière mon petit doigt : les néonicotinoïdes ont des conséquences sur l’environnement que je ne cherche en rien à minimiser. Dans « transition agroécologique », il y a d’abord « transition », et elle prend parfois du temps. En politique, il faut avoir le courage de l’affronter, et c’est le sens de ce projet qui sera complété par des engagements de la filière elle-même en termes de prévention, des engagements de la recherche, avec 5 millions financés par l’État, et un suivi dont nous allons débattre, lequel doit être fort, aigu, et associer la représentation démocratique afin de trouver les alternatives nécessaires d’ici à trois ans, délai posé par cette loi."
  },
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   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
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   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
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   "text": "« Nous ne devrions pas être là aujourd’hui mais pas parce qu’être avec vous me serait désagréable. Nous ne devrions pas être là si nous n’étions pas tenus par des décisions passées » : j’ai eu l’occasion de le dire lors de chaque audition que j’ai menée avec les organisations syndicales, les associations, les représentants de la filière, les ministres de la transition écologique et de l’agriculture, mais aussi à chaque visite sur le terrain, qui est la bonne école pour appréhender la détresse du monde agricole et, plus particulièrement, des planteurs de betteraves En réponse à ces mots, un seul constat : nous sommes face à une impasse technique suite à des dérives passées dont nous partageons la responsabilité. Une seule solution : un projet de loi qui remettra tout le monde dans le droit chemin. Je n’aurai de cesse de le répéter : la transition agroécologique consiste à mettre en cohérence les temps de la politique, de la science, de l’agriculture, et la loi de la nature, mais l’analyse du passé ne résoudra pas à elle seule les difficultés auxquelles nous sommes confrontés. Ce projet vise à mettre rapidement un terme à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes sans pour autant sacrifier les filières et la protection de l’environnement. Je souhaite rappeler ce qu’il est et, surtout, ce qu’il n’est pas. Ce projet de loi n’est pas une autorisation de mise sur le marché, pas plus qu’il n’introduit l’utilisation d’un nouveau pesticide : il met un terme à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. Je le dis fermement car il faut que les choses soient claires pour tout le monde : ce texte n’encourage pas l’agriculture française à revenir aux pesticides, bien au contraire. Un peu de bonne foi et de recul montre que, grâce au projet de loi de 2016 sur la biodiversité défendu par la ministre d’alors, Mme Barbara Pompili, l’utilisation de 92 % des néonicotinoïdes a été supprimée en quatre ans. Ce projet de loi permettra donc d’en finir avec ces derniers 8 % qui embarrassent la filière de la betterave, ce qui mérite toute notre attention et nécessite des moyens d’accompagnement plutôt que de laisser cette culture souveraine sur le bas-côté, comme le souhaitent nombre de détracteurs politiques. Nous nous devons de relever le défi du virage écologique et d’une agriculture durable et pérenne. C’est lui que nous prenons et que nous encourageons à suivre. Ce texte ne s’oppose en rien avec une telle vision de la société et les adaptations que nous lui apporterons ne le réduiront pas à un chèque en blanc. Il garantit que, pendant trois ans, notre agriculture se focalisera sur la fin des néonicotinoïdes. Il garantit que, dans nos territoires, nous aurons toujours des champs de betteraves pour alimenter des sucreries car, le ministre l’a rappelé, il en va de notre souveraineté économique, alimentaire, et, me semble-t-il, de notre capacité à accélérer la transition agroécologique. Ce projet de loi ne constitue pas non plus une régression pour le droit de l’environnement, ce qui serait bien évidemment inconstitutionnel : il s’inscrit dans le droit européen tel qu’il est en vigueur et prolonge le régime d’interdiction qui était le nôtre depuis 2018, avec des possibilités de déroger strictement encadrées. D’un point de vue social, il s’agit surtout de ne pas tuer des exploitations betteravières et de ne pas mettre au chômage des femmes et des hommes qui travaillent dur depuis des années dans l’espoir, souvent, de transmettre leurs exploitations aux générations futures. Ce texte ne vient pas d’en-haut mais il émane de nos territoires ruraux. Enfin, ce débat n’oppose aucunement les pro et anti-néonicotinoïdes pour la bonne et simple raison que tous, ici, faisons partie de la seconde catégorie. Personne ne nie les dangers de cette substance, ni le Gouvernement ni moi-même. Dans mon rapport, j’ai exposé avec beaucoup de sincérité de tels risques. Les acteurs de la filière non plus ne considèrent pas les néonicotinoïdes comme une solution durable et tous souhaitent en sortir. Le recours aux néonicotinoïdes est en l’occurrence une solution d’urgence, le seul moyen de faire face à une situation intenable pour la filière betteravière et sucrière. Souhaitons-nous conserver notre place de leader européen ou la laisser à d’autres par dogmatisme, pour ensuite compenser cette perte de leadership par l’importation de sucre étranger dont la production ne respecte pas nos propres normes ? L’égoïsme écologique du « plus vert que vert chez moi et tant pis pour les autres » ne résoudra pas les problèmes. Ce texte répond à deux objectifs. Tout d’abord, sécuriser la production française de sucre, qui a une importance économique réelle, en particulier dans nos territoires ruraux, et qui a contribué à la souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique française. En raison d’un hiver exceptionnellement doux, certaines régions ont subi des attaques massives de pucerons verts qui ont transmis aux plantes le virus de la jaunisse – en fait, quatre virus différents, ce qui complique considérablement la recherche d’alternatives. Cette jaunisse, qui empêche la photosynthèse et le développement normal des betteraves, a entraîné de très fortes pertes de rendements avec, pour conséquence, des pertes de revenus mais aussi le risque que les agriculteurs renoncent à planter des betteraves. Si la production française diminue, les sucreries ne disposeront plus de la matière première dont elles ont besoin pour produire et être rentables. À très court terme – deux ans – cela signifierait des fermetures d’usines, donc des suppressions d’emplois, mais aussi un amoindrissement de notre souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique. Ensuite, accompagner la transition d’une filière. Le texte s’inscrit en effet dans le cadre d’un plan d’action plus large destiné à assurer sa pérennité et sa durabilité. Ce plan prévoit notamment l’application de plans de prévention des infestations par les ravageurs par les professionnels, le renforcement des efforts de recherche avec 5 millions supplémentaires mobilisables dès 2021, une indemnisation des pertes les plus importantes résultant de la jaunisse au cours de la campagne 2020 ainsi que des engagements des industriels sur la pérennisation de la filière sucrière. Pour atteindre cet objectif de sauvegarde de la filière betteravière et sucrière, le texte propose un dispositif simple de dérogation, strictement limité et encadré sur les plans européen et français. L’article unique permet aux ministres de l’agriculture et de la transition écologique d’octroyer par arrêté des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utiliser des produits phythopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023. Une telle possibilité est encadrée par des conditions strictes de délivrance, que je rappelle : l’autorisation de déroger ne peut excéder 120 jours et la mise sur le marché est destinée à un usage limité et contrôlé qui ne peut intervenir qu’en raison d’un danger ne pouvant être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables. Comment pouvons-nous améliorer ce dispositif pour renforcer encore les garanties offertes par ce texte ? Vos amendements sont autant d’occasions d’en discuter mais il me semble très important de pouvoir « cranter » les objectifs en matière de recherche et d’assurer un contrôle parlementaire fort afin qu’en 2023, nos agriculteurs disposent d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes respectueuses de l’environnement et efficaces. Je vous proposerai un amendement en ce sens. Christian Huyghe, directeur scientifique « Agriculture » à l’INRAE, a tenu à nous rappeler que la sortie des néonicotinoïdes ne passera pas par une solution unique mais par la combinaison de plusieurs évolutions, dont certaines relèvent d’un changement de pratiques culturales et de « culture », au sens large, qui doit conduire à repenser la question des équilibres au sein des parcelles en favorisant l’installation d’auxiliaires naturels prédateurs des pucerons ainsi que de bandes enherbées et de haies. Il nous a ainsi rappelé la nécessité de « remettre de la complexité » dans les parcelles. C’est cette complexité que je vous invite à assumer aujourd’hui dans le cadre de nos échanges car je suis convaincu que la situation à laquelle nous faisons face ne trouvera de solution apaisée que par le dialogue, le respect mutuel et le refus des positions dogmatiques.",
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   "analysis_text": "« Nous ne devrions pas être là aujourd’hui mais pas parce qu’être avec vous me serait désagréable. Nous ne devrions pas être là si nous n’étions pas tenus par des décisions passées » : j’ai eu l’occasion de le dire lors de chaque audition que j’ai menée avec les organisations syndicales, les associations, les représentants de la filière, les ministres de la transition écologique et de l’agriculture, mais aussi à chaque visite sur le terrain, qui est la bonne école pour appréhender la détresse du monde agricole et, plus particulièrement, des planteurs de betteraves En réponse à ces mots, un seul constat : nous sommes face à une impasse technique suite à des dérives passées dont nous partageons la responsabilité. Une seule solution : un projet de loi qui remettra tout le monde dans le droit chemin. Je n’aurai de cesse de le répéter : la transition agroécologique consiste à mettre en cohérence les temps de la politique, de la science, de l’agriculture, et la loi de la nature, mais l’analyse du passé ne résoudra pas à elle seule les difficultés auxquelles nous sommes confrontés. Ce projet vise à mettre rapidement un terme à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes sans pour autant sacrifier les filières et la protection de l’environnement. Je souhaite rappeler ce qu’il est et, surtout, ce qu’il n’est pas. Ce projet de loi n’est pas une autorisation de mise sur le marché, pas plus qu’il n’introduit l’utilisation d’un nouveau pesticide : il met un terme à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. Je le dis fermement car il faut que les choses soient claires pour tout le monde : ce texte n’encourage pas l’agriculture française à revenir aux pesticides, bien au contraire. Un peu de bonne foi et de recul montre que, grâce au projet de loi de 2016 sur la biodiversité défendu par la ministre d’alors, Mme [PERSONNE], l’utilisation de 92 % des néonicotinoïdes a été supprimée en quatre ans. Ce projet de loi permettra donc d’en finir avec ces derniers 8 % qui embarrassent la filière de la betterave, ce qui mérite toute notre attention et nécessite des moyens d’accompagnement plutôt que de laisser cette culture souveraine sur le bas-côté, comme le souhaitent nombre de détracteurs politiques. Nous nous devons de relever le défi du virage écologique et d’une agriculture durable et pérenne. C’est lui que nous prenons et que nous encourageons à suivre. Ce texte ne s’oppose en rien avec une telle vision de la société et les adaptations que nous lui apporterons ne le réduiront pas à un chèque en blanc. Il garantit que, pendant trois ans, notre agriculture se focalisera sur la fin des néonicotinoïdes. Il garantit que, dans nos territoires, nous aurons toujours des champs de betteraves pour alimenter des sucreries car, le ministre l’a rappelé, il en va de notre souveraineté économique, alimentaire, et, me semble-t-il, de notre capacité à accélérer la transition agroécologique. Ce projet de loi ne constitue pas non plus une régression pour le droit de l’environnement, ce qui serait bien évidemment inconstitutionnel : il s’inscrit dans le droit européen tel qu’il est en vigueur et prolonge le régime d’interdiction qui était le nôtre depuis 2018, avec des possibilités de déroger strictement encadrées. D’un point de vue social, il s’agit surtout de ne pas tuer des exploitations betteravières et de ne pas mettre au chômage des femmes et des hommes qui travaillent dur depuis des années dans l’espoir, souvent, de transmettre leurs exploitations aux générations futures. Ce texte ne vient pas d’en-haut mais il émane de nos territoires ruraux. Enfin, ce débat n’oppose aucunement les pro et anti-néonicotinoïdes pour la bonne et simple raison que tous, ici, faisons partie de la seconde catégorie. Personne ne nie les dangers de cette substance, ni le Gouvernement ni moi-même. Dans mon rapport, j’ai exposé avec beaucoup de sincérité de tels risques. Les acteurs de la filière non plus ne considèrent pas les néonicotinoïdes comme une solution durable et tous souhaitent en sortir. Le recours aux néonicotinoïdes est en l’occurrence une solution d’urgence, le seul moyen de faire face à une situation intenable pour la filière betteravière et sucrière. Souhaitons-nous conserver notre place de leader européen ou la laisser à d’autres par dogmatisme, pour ensuite compenser cette perte de leadership par l’importation de sucre étranger dont la production ne respecte pas nos propres normes ? L’égoïsme écologique du « plus vert que vert chez moi et tant pis pour les autres » ne résoudra pas les problèmes. Ce texte répond à deux objectifs. Tout d’abord, sécuriser la production française de sucre, qui a une importance économique réelle, en particulier dans nos territoires ruraux, et qui a contribué à la souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique française. En raison d’un hiver exceptionnellement doux, certaines régions ont subi des attaques massives de pucerons verts qui ont transmis aux plantes le virus de la jaunisse – en fait, quatre virus différents, ce qui complique considérablement la recherche d’alternatives. Cette jaunisse, qui empêche la photosynthèse et le développement normal des betteraves, a entraîné de très fortes pertes de rendements avec, pour conséquence, des pertes de revenus mais aussi le risque que les agriculteurs renoncent à planter des betteraves. Si la production française diminue, les sucreries ne disposeront plus de la matière première dont elles ont besoin pour produire et être rentables. À très court terme – deux ans – cela signifierait des fermetures d’usines, donc des suppressions d’emplois, mais aussi un amoindrissement de notre souveraineté alimentaire et énergétique. Ensuite, accompagner la transition d’une filière. Le texte s’inscrit en effet dans le cadre d’un plan d’action plus large destiné à assurer sa pérennité et sa durabilité. Ce plan prévoit notamment l’application de plans de prévention des infestations par les ravageurs par les professionnels, le renforcement des efforts de recherche avec 5 millions supplémentaires mobilisables dès 2021, une indemnisation des pertes les plus importantes résultant de la jaunisse au cours de la campagne 2020 ainsi que des engagements des industriels sur la pérennisation de la filière sucrière. Pour atteindre cet objectif de sauvegarde de la filière betteravière et sucrière, le texte propose un dispositif simple de dérogation, strictement limité et encadré sur les plans européen et français. L’article unique permet aux ministres de l’agriculture et de la transition écologique d’octroyer par arrêté des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utiliser des produits phythopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023. Une telle possibilité est encadrée par des conditions strictes de délivrance, que je rappelle : l’autorisation de déroger ne peut excéder 120 jours et la mise sur le marché est destinée à un usage limité et contrôlé qui ne peut intervenir qu’en raison d’un danger ne pouvant être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables. Comment pouvons-nous améliorer ce dispositif pour renforcer encore les garanties offertes par ce texte ? Vos amendements sont autant d’occasions d’en discuter mais il me semble très important de pouvoir « cranter » les objectifs en matière de recherche et d’assurer un contrôle parlementaire fort afin qu’en 2023, nos agriculteurs disposent d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes respectueuses de l’environnement et efficaces. Je vous proposerai un amendement en ce sens. Christian Huyghe, directeur scientifique « Agriculture » à l’INRAE, a tenu à nous rappeler que la sortie des néonicotinoïdes ne passera pas par une solution unique mais par la combinaison de plusieurs évolutions, dont certaines relèvent d’un changement de pratiques culturales et de « culture », au sens large, qui doit conduire à repenser la question des équilibres au sein des parcelles en favorisant l’installation d’auxiliaires naturels prédateurs des pucerons ainsi que de bandes enherbées et de haies. Il nous a ainsi rappelé la nécessité de « remettre de la complexité » dans les parcelles. C’est cette complexité que je vous invite à assumer aujourd’hui dans le cadre de nos échanges car je suis convaincu que la situation à laquelle nous faisons face ne trouvera de solution apaisée que par le dialogue, le respect mutuel et le refus des positions dogmatiques."
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   "order": 401,
   "text": "Ce projet s’inscrit dans un contexte particulier et fait suite à l’interdiction de l’utilisation des produits phyto contenant des néonics à compter de 2018 Vous le savez, la filière de la betterave sucrière a fait face en 2020 à une invasion de pucerons verts qui ont contaminé les cultures et ont provoqué la jaunisse de la betterave. Selon les régions, comme en Île-de-France et en Centre-Val de Loire, les pertes économiques peuvent dépasser 30 %. C’est sur la base de ces chiffres que les agriculteurs décideront ou non de planter des betteraves l’an prochain. Ils ne sont pas les seuls touchés par cette crise. L’industrie sucrière dépend fortement des récoltes de betteraves dont les usines ont besoin pour couvrir leurs coûts fixes et être rentables. Pour autant, cette crise ne doit pas nous conduire à donner un chèque en blanc pour utiliser les néonics sans restriction. Le projet de loi maintient la règle générale d’interdiction de ces substances et permet des usages dérogatoires limités : les dérogations ne sont en effet possibles que jusqu’en juillet 2023 et seront encadrées par le Règlement européen. Le Gouvernement s’est également engagé à les limiter aux seules cultures de betteraves et je le lui fais pleinement confiance sur ce point. Néanmoins, je comprends et partage l’idée qu’une telle précision doive être inscrite dans la loi. La commission du développement durable a adopté deux amendements en ce sens. J’entends aussi les risques constitutionnels que cela peut soulever et c’est pour cela que j’ai proposé une rédaction alternative. En vue de la séance publique, il conviendra de parvenir à une rédaction commune visant à les limiter. Il convient également de demander des contreparties à la filière, d’où l’adoption par la commission du développement durable de mon amendement visant à interdire de planter des cultures attirant les abeilles après l’utilisation des néonics. Enfin, la commission du développement durable a adopté un amendement, que je défendrai, restreignant les dérogations à 2022 au lieu de 2023. Il importe également d’inscrire dans la loi certaines garanties environnementales, notamment, la restriction du champ de la dérogation. J’espère donc que les travaux de la commission des affaires économiques permettront de modifier le projet de loi en ce sens.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 366,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p401",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbd7c34f0945c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce projet s’inscrit dans un contexte particulier et fait suite à l’interdiction de l’utilisation des produits phyto contenant des néonics à compter de 2018 Vous le savez, la filière de la betterave sucrière a fait face en 2020 à une invasion de pucerons verts qui ont contaminé les cultures et ont provoqué la jaunisse de la betterave. Selon les régions, comme en Île-de-France et en Centre-Val de Loire, les pertes économiques peuvent dépasser 30 %. C’est sur la base de ces chiffres que les agriculteurs décideront ou non de planter des betteraves l’an prochain. Ils ne sont pas les seuls touchés par cette crise. L’industrie sucrière dépend fortement des récoltes de betteraves dont les usines ont besoin pour couvrir leurs coûts fixes et être rentables. Pour autant, cette crise ne doit pas nous conduire à donner un chèque en blanc pour utiliser les néonics sans restriction. Le projet de loi maintient la règle générale d’interdiction de ces substances et permet des usages dérogatoires limités : les dérogations ne sont en effet possibles que jusqu’en juillet 2023 et seront encadrées par le Règlement européen. Le Gouvernement s’est également engagé à les limiter aux seules cultures de betteraves et je le lui fais pleinement confiance sur ce point. Néanmoins, je comprends et partage l’idée qu’une telle précision doive être inscrite dans la loi. La commission du développement durable a adopté deux amendements en ce sens. J’entends aussi les risques constitutionnels que cela peut soulever et c’est pour cela que j’ai proposé une rédaction alternative. En vue de la séance publique, il conviendra de parvenir à une rédaction commune visant à les limiter. Il convient également de demander des contreparties à la filière, d’où l’adoption par la commission du développement durable de mon amendement visant à interdire de planter des cultures attirant les abeilles après l’utilisation des néonics. Enfin, la commission du développement durable a adopté un amendement, que je défendrai, restreignant les dérogations à 2022 au lieu de 2023. Il importe également d’inscrire dans la loi certaines garanties environnementales, notamment, la restriction du champ de la dérogation. J’espère donc que les travaux de la commission des affaires économiques permettront de modifier le projet de loi en ce sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p409",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "409",
    "410",
    "411",
    "412",
    "413",
    "414",
    "415",
    "416",
    "417",
    "418"
   ],
   "order": 409,
   "text": "Je ne reviendrai pas sur ce que M. le rapporteur vient de dire excellemment Ce projet requiert et mérite une étude et une analyse pragmatiques, au-delà des avis simplistes et des démagogies. Je me félicite des discussions qui ont eu lieu dans le cadre de la commission du développement durable et qui ont débouché sur son adoption. La filière de la betterave sucrière se trouve en effet aujourd’hui dans une impasse technique, laquelle s’ajoute à la baisse de 35 % des revenus des agriculteurs depuis 2016-2017, le prix d’achat de la betterave ayant diminué de 20 %. Ces difficultés se sont elles-mêmes ajoutées à la crise provoquée par la fin des quotas sucriers. Depuis son application en 2018, la loi « biodiversité » interdit l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes mais, deux ans après, force est de constater que nous avons collectivement échoué à trouver une alternative : échec du législateur, qui a légiféré avant même que des progrès aient été obtenus, échec scientifique car, malgré le travail accompli, aucune alternative suffisamment efficace et économiquement viable n’a été trouvée. Le constat est clair : aujourd’hui, nous n’avons pas d’alternative et la filière se trouve face à une situation qui pourrait entraîner sa disparition. On entend ici et là que les pertes de rendement sont en deçà des chiffres avancés mais je vous prie de prendre le problème sous l’angle structurel : si certaines régions semblent en effet plus ou moins épargnées par la jaunisse, à l’instar des Hauts-de-France et de la Normandie, les pertes de rendement atteindraient 40 % voire 70 % dans les régions du Centre, au sud de Paris ou au sud de la Champagne. Par ailleurs, d’années en années, les zones atteintes pourront varier en raison du changement climatique. Il importe de faire preuve de pédagogie et de pragmatisme en rappelant qu’il n’est pas question de réintroduire des néonicotinoïdes mais d’autoriser une dérogation pour la filière, comme c’est le cas chez de nombreux voisins européens grâce à l’article 53 que vous avez évoqué. J’ajoute que 90 % des usages de néonicotinoïdes ont disparu et qu’ils ne reviendront pas avec cette dérogation. Autre point : si, les récoltes n’ayant pas commencé, les chiffres que nous avons donnés ne sont qu’indicatifs et s’il est assez difficile d’évaluer précisément les pertes de rendement et les pertes économiques, il est en revanche certain que la survie de la filière est en jeu, alors que nous devons collectivement œuvrer en faveur de notre souveraineté alimentaire, nationale et européenne, et alors même que la France est le premier producteur mondial de sucre de betteraves et le premier producteur de sucre en Europe. Ce que nous ne produirons plus sur notre sol, nous l’importerons, et nous n’aurons aucun contrôle sur les produits utilisés ou la qualité des produits importés. J’ajoute que la diversification du secteur est déjà effective avec les biocarburants ou le gel hydro-alcoolique – dont le champion européen de la production est en France. Ce projet de loi permet d’encadrer strictement la dérogation, limitée à la culture de la betterave sucrière et jusqu’en 2023. Il est nécessaire parce que le recours aux indemnisations ne suffit pas, celles de l’Union européenne ne permettant jamais d’indemniser complètement les agriculteurs. Notre objectif n’est pas de pérenniser l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes mais si nous ne faisons rien, les planteurs risquent d’opter pour d’autres cultures et d’abandonner une filière qui fait la fierté de notre pays.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 565,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p409",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne90f084a5a60",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne reviendrai pas sur ce que M. le rapporteur vient de dire excellemment Ce projet requiert et mérite une étude et une analyse pragmatiques, au-delà des avis simplistes et des démagogies. Je me félicite des discussions qui ont eu lieu dans le cadre de la commission du développement durable et qui ont débouché sur son adoption. La filière de la betterave sucrière se trouve en effet aujourd’hui dans une impasse technique, laquelle s’ajoute à la baisse de 35 % des revenus des agriculteurs depuis 2016-2017, le prix d’achat de la betterave ayant diminué de 20 %. Ces difficultés se sont elles-mêmes ajoutées à la crise provoquée par la fin des quotas sucriers. Depuis son application en 2018, la loi « biodiversité » interdit l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes mais, deux ans après, force est de constater que nous avons collectivement échoué à trouver une alternative : échec du législateur, qui a légiféré avant même que des progrès aient été obtenus, échec scientifique car, malgré le travail accompli, aucune alternative suffisamment efficace et économiquement viable n’a été trouvée. Le constat est clair : aujourd’hui, nous n’avons pas d’alternative et la filière se trouve face à une situation qui pourrait entraîner sa disparition. On entend ici et là que les pertes de rendement sont en deçà des chiffres avancés mais je vous prie de prendre le problème sous l’angle structurel : si certaines régions semblent en effet plus ou moins épargnées par la jaunisse, à l’instar des Hauts-de-France et de la Normandie, les pertes de rendement atteindraient 40 % voire 70 % dans les régions du Centre, au sud de Paris ou au sud de la Champagne. Par ailleurs, d’années en années, les zones atteintes pourront varier en raison du changement climatique. Il importe de faire preuve de pédagogie et de pragmatisme en rappelant qu’il n’est pas question de réintroduire des néonicotinoïdes mais d’autoriser une dérogation pour la filière, comme c’est le cas chez de nombreux voisins européens grâce à l’article 53 que vous avez évoqué. J’ajoute que 90 % des usages de néonicotinoïdes ont disparu et qu’ils ne reviendront pas avec cette dérogation. Autre point : si, les récoltes n’ayant pas commencé, les chiffres que nous avons donnés ne sont qu’indicatifs et s’il est assez difficile d’évaluer précisément les pertes de rendement et les pertes économiques, il est en revanche certain que la survie de la filière est en jeu, alors que nous devons collectivement œuvrer en faveur de notre souveraineté alimentaire, nationale et européenne, et alors même que la France est le premier producteur mondial de sucre de betteraves et le premier producteur de sucre en Europe. Ce que nous ne produirons plus sur notre sol, nous l’importerons, et nous n’aurons aucun contrôle sur les produits utilisés ou la qualité des produits importés. J’ajoute que la diversification du secteur est déjà effective avec les biocarburants ou le gel hydro-alcoolique – dont le champion européen de la production est en France. Ce projet de loi permet d’encadrer strictement la dérogation, limitée à la culture de la betterave sucrière et jusqu’en 2023. Il est nécessaire parce que le recours aux indemnisations ne suffit pas, celles de l’Union européenne ne permettant jamais d’indemniser complètement les agriculteurs. Notre objectif n’est pas de pérenniser l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes mais si nous ne faisons rien, les planteurs risquent d’opter pour d’autres cultures et d’abandonner une filière qui fait la fierté de notre pays."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "419",
    "420",
    "421"
   ],
   "order": 419,
   "text": "Il est difficile de dissocier le département de l’Aisne de la culture de la betterave puisqu’il en est le premier producteur en France : sa forme même ressemble à une betterave ! Le député de l’Aisne que je suis n’est pas né dans un champ de betterave mais presque. Pour avoir parcouru ces champs en long et en large dans ma jeunesse et pour avoir l’amitié de nombre de planteurs, je connais les difficultés auxquelles ces derniers sont confrontés Pourquoi parlons-nous des betteraves alors que ce texte pourrait fort bien prévoir une délégation pour d’autres types de cultures puisque, avant 2016, les néonicotinoïdes étaient également utilisés ailleurs ? Tout simplement parce que cette filière est en grande difficulté, qu’elle est menacée, et que ce texte la concerne elle seule. Je suis très heureux que Jean-Baptiste Moreau ait évoqué la construction du prix dans la filière de la betterave, qui subit de plein fouet la fin des quotas, les betteraves étant en effet aujourd’hui achetées en-dessous du seuil de rentabilité. Votre ministère, Monsieur le ministre, devra remettre un rapport au Parlement avant le 31 décembre à ce sujet suite à l’adoption d’un amendement que j’avais défendu dans la loi ÉGALIM.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 199,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p419",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc400960eeb9e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il est difficile de dissocier le département de l’Aisne de la culture de la betterave puisqu’il en est le premier producteur en France : sa forme même ressemble à une betterave ! Le député de l’Aisne que je suis n’est pas né dans un champ de betterave mais presque. Pour avoir parcouru ces champs en long et en large dans ma jeunesse et pour avoir l’amitié de nombre de planteurs, je connais les difficultés auxquelles ces derniers sont confrontés Pourquoi parlons-nous des betteraves alors que ce texte pourrait fort bien prévoir une délégation pour d’autres types de cultures puisque, avant 2016, les néonicotinoïdes étaient également utilisés ailleurs ? Tout simplement parce que cette filière est en grande difficulté, qu’elle est menacée, et que ce texte la concerne elle seule. Je suis très heureux que [PERSONNE] ait évoqué la construction du prix dans la filière de la betterave, qui subit de plein fouet la fin des quotas, les betteraves étant en effet aujourd’hui achetées en-dessous du seuil de rentabilité. Votre ministère, Monsieur le ministre, devra remettre un rapport au Parlement avant le 31 décembre à ce sujet suite à l’adoption d’un amendement que j’avais défendu dans la loi ÉGALIM."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p423",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "423",
    "424",
    "425"
   ],
   "order": 423,
   "text": "Par ailleurs, Monsieur le ministre, je salue votre courage. Dès le mois d’avril, lorsque la betterave commence à sortir de terre, les planteurs, les agriculteurs nous ont alertés sur l’arrivée précoce des pucerons verts. Les Républicains sont montés au créneau à plusieurs reprises et je vous ai saisi dès votre nomination. Vous m’avez alors fait part des difficultés pour autoriser une dérogation, la loi ne le permettant pas, et beaucoup de « diseux », comme on dit chez moi, auraient mis la poussière sous le tapis et ne se seraient pas risqués à rouvrir le dossier législatif. Vous l’avez fait et c’est tout à votre honneur : vous prenez des risques mais vous pouvez compter sur notre soutien Dans la filière betteravière, les néonicotinoïdes ne sont pas projetés à partir d’un tonneau avec un pulvérisateur, comme c’est parfois le cas dans d’autres pays. Il s’agit de semences enrobées, semées en terre, et donc d’un processus ciblé, à la différence des pulvérisations. Le Teppeki ou le Movento, quant à eux, ont été utilisés par défaut pour préserver des cultures mais leur pulvérisation touche également les insectes auxiliaires, si utiles pour lutter contre le virus. Telle est la situation : nous parlons d’une filière qui est au bord du gouffre et si l’on souhaite sa fin, il faut l’assumer et ne pas se cacher derrière son petit doigt.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 226,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p423",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4954bc18753a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Par ailleurs, Monsieur le ministre, je salue votre courage. Dès le mois d’avril, lorsque la betterave commence à sortir de terre, les planteurs, les agriculteurs nous ont alertés sur l’arrivée précoce des pucerons verts. [GROUPE] sont montés au créneau à plusieurs reprises et je vous ai saisi dès votre nomination. Vous m’avez alors fait part des difficultés pour autoriser une dérogation, la loi ne le permettant pas, et beaucoup de « diseux », comme on dit chez moi, auraient mis la poussière sous le tapis et ne se seraient pas risqués à rouvrir le dossier législatif. Vous l’avez fait et c’est tout à votre honneur : vous prenez des risques mais vous pouvez compter sur notre soutien Dans la filière betteravière, les néonicotinoïdes ne sont pas projetés à partir d’un tonneau avec un pulvérisateur, comme c’est parfois le cas dans d’autres pays. Il s’agit de semences enrobées, semées en terre, et donc d’un processus ciblé, à la différence des pulvérisations. Le Teppeki ou le Movento, quant à eux, ont été utilisés par défaut pour préserver des cultures mais leur pulvérisation touche également les insectes auxiliaires, si utiles pour lutter contre le virus. Telle est la situation : nous parlons d’une filière qui est au bord du gouffre et si l’on souhaite sa fin, il faut l’assumer et ne pas se cacher derrière son petit doigt."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p426",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "426",
    "427",
    "428",
    "429"
   ],
   "order": 426,
   "text": "Cette proposition ne coule pas de source et suscitera sans doute l’incompréhension de nos concitoyens ; il appartient donc aux responsables politiques que nous sommes d’expliquer en quoi elle s’impose. C’est d’abord une nécessité économique : nous ne pouvons pas nous résoudre à voir en 2021 les agriculteurs abandonner massivement la culture de la betterave, car cela entraînerait la fermeture de nombreuses sucreries et, à terme, la disparition de la filière. Or l’un des enseignements que nous pouvons tirer de la crise sanitaire est qu’il nous faut retrouver notre souveraineté alimentaire. La France est le premier producteur de sucre en Europe avec 21 sucreries ; le secteur emploie 46 000 personnes, dont 25 000 agriculteurs Ensuite, et d’un point de vue écologique, substituer au sucre français du sucre produit en Europe selon des normes moins exigeantes ne serait pas une avancée. Je rappelle aussi que depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, les betteraviers se sont rabattus sur les pyréthrinoïdes. Or les pyréthrinoïdes ne sont pas utilisés sur la graine, mais pulvérisés. Plusieurs pulvérisations sont nécessaires, bien qu’insuffisantes, car les pucerons se trouvent sous les feuilles épaisses de la plante ; tous les insectes volants à proximité, comme les coccinelles, sont éradiqués, à la différence des pucerons qui, profitant de l’absence de prédateurs, continuent de se multiplier. Cette pratique est encore plus destructrice de la biodiversité et ce texte permettrait de la faire cesser. Prévoir cette dérogation, c’est se replacer au même niveau que nos voisins européens, mais uniquement sur ce type de culture ; notre pays reste donc pionnier dans l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Comme il l’a fait hier en commission du développement durable, mon groupe demande au Gouvernement d’explorer la piste des haies bocagères, réservoirs de biodiversité, abris des prédateurs de pucerons. La mortalité des abeilles étant due aussi à l’absence de fleurs, les haies bocagères peuvent offrir une diversité intéressante de pollens. Enfin, elles sont très efficaces pour limiter l’érosion des sols et favoriser l’infiltration des pluies dans les nappes phréatiques. Nous appelons donc le Gouvernement à travailler, dans le cadre de la réforme de la PAC, à réviser les aides relatives aux surfaces d’intérêt écologique (SIE) afin d’inciter à la plantation de haies bocagères autour des cultures. Enfin, il est indispensable de proposer une politique globale de long terme, en soutenant et en restructurant la filière apicole. Nous importons une grande partie du miel que nous consommons, et sa provenance est parfois plus que douteuse. La création de sites Natura 2000, par exemple, permettrait l’installation de ruches et la production de miel français. L’un des enjeux de ce texte est de préserver la souveraineté française en protégeant la filière betterave ; nous devons faire preuve de la même volonté concernant la filière apicole.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 453,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p426",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf77c5aa23673",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition ne coule pas de source et suscitera sans doute l’incompréhension de nos concitoyens ; il appartient donc aux responsables politiques que nous sommes d’expliquer en quoi elle s’impose. C’est d’abord une nécessité économique : nous ne pouvons pas nous résoudre à voir en 2021 les agriculteurs abandonner massivement la culture de la betterave, car cela entraînerait la fermeture de nombreuses sucreries et, à terme, la disparition de la filière. Or l’un des enseignements que nous pouvons tirer de la crise sanitaire est qu’il nous faut retrouver notre souveraineté alimentaire. La France est le premier producteur de sucre en Europe avec 21 sucreries ; le secteur emploie 46 000 personnes, dont 25 000 agriculteurs Ensuite, et d’un point de vue écologique, substituer au sucre français du sucre produit en Europe selon des normes moins exigeantes ne serait pas une avancée. Je rappelle aussi que depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, les betteraviers se sont rabattus sur les pyréthrinoïdes. Or les pyréthrinoïdes ne sont pas utilisés sur la graine, mais pulvérisés. Plusieurs pulvérisations sont nécessaires, bien qu’insuffisantes, car les pucerons se trouvent sous les feuilles épaisses de la plante ; tous les insectes volants à proximité, comme les coccinelles, sont éradiqués, à la différence des pucerons qui, profitant de l’absence de prédateurs, continuent de se multiplier. Cette pratique est encore plus destructrice de la biodiversité et ce texte permettrait de la faire cesser. Prévoir cette dérogation, c’est se replacer au même niveau que nos voisins européens, mais uniquement sur ce type de culture ; notre pays reste donc pionnier dans l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Comme il l’a fait hier en commission du développement durable, mon groupe demande au Gouvernement d’explorer la piste des haies bocagères, réservoirs de biodiversité, abris des prédateurs de pucerons. La mortalité des abeilles étant due aussi à l’absence de fleurs, les haies bocagères peuvent offrir une diversité intéressante de pollens. Enfin, elles sont très efficaces pour limiter l’érosion des sols et favoriser l’infiltration des pluies dans les nappes phréatiques. Nous appelons donc le Gouvernement à travailler, dans le cadre de la réforme de la PAC, à réviser les aides relatives aux surfaces d’intérêt écologique (SIE) afin d’inciter à la plantation de haies bocagères autour des cultures. Enfin, il est indispensable de proposer une politique globale de long terme, en soutenant et en restructurant la filière apicole. Nous importons une grande partie du miel que nous consommons, et sa provenance est parfois plus que douteuse. La création de sites Natura 2000, par exemple, permettrait l’installation de ruches et la production de miel français. L’un des enjeux de ce texte est de préserver la souveraineté française en protégeant la filière betterave ; nous devons faire preuve de la même volonté concernant la filière apicole."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p430",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "430",
    "431",
    "432",
    "433",
    "434"
   ],
   "order": 430,
   "text": "Sans vous en faire le reproche, Monsieur le président, je regrette la censure de la plupart des amendements du groupe Socialistes et apparentés au titre de l’article 45. Il est pour le moins ubuesque de les avoir écartés au motif qu’ils portaient sur la filière betterave et que n’y était pas spécifié le terme « néonicotinoïdes », alors qu’ils visaient précisément à circonscrire la portée de ce texte à la culture de la betterave. Admettez le paradoxe ! Nous espérons que vous ferez preuve de tolérance et nous accorderez un peu du temps de parole dont nous aurions dû disposer Je veux dire dans quel état d’esprit nous sommes à l’orée de ce débat qui nous occupera plusieurs heures ici, puis en séance, où nous pourrons être plus prolixes. Nous refusons les postures, la caricature, tout ce qui est à même d’exacerber les tensions entre l’agriculture et la société, entre le monde économique et l’ambition écologique. Nous nous situons clairement du côté de la responsabilité, de la dignité des travailleurs, employés des sucreries et paysans. Nous défendons la notion de contribution de la France à la sécurité alimentaire globale, plutôt que le concept de souveraineté alimentaire, rappelant que le capital de biodiversité est notre assurance-vie. Nous chercherons à concilier les deux orientations en proposant, par des compensations économiques intelligentes, à engager – enfin ! – la transition vers des pratiques culturales, génétiques, agronomiques et commerciales. À cet égard, la haute valeur environnementale (HVE), que vous n’avez pas mentionnée, Monsieur le ministre, pourrait devenir en ces temps de crise une ambition pour la filière betterave, voire un élément de négociation, à titre expérimental, pour les aides européennes. Cela constituerait une voie de sortie. Cette dérogation, si elle devait être autorisée, ruinerait la parole publique, créerait des tensions dans le pays et marquerait un retour en arrière sur le plan de la biodiversité et des pollinisateurs. Les compensations économiques doivent être intelligentes et justes. Car cette question que nous posent les betteraviers, les éleveurs laitiers, les producteurs de colza ou encore les producteurs de fruits et de légumes pourront nous l’adresser demain. Le secteur de la betterave ne jouit pas de prérogatives singulières, les efforts à réaliser pour engager la transition écologique sont aussi importants ailleurs. Les efforts publics devront être justes et préfigurer un modèle de transition sociale et écologique pour le bien commun, qui accompagne les agriculteurs et tous les travailleurs concernés. Monsieur le ministre, j’aimerais que nous tirions les leçons de nos échecs. Après des débats incroyablement difficiles sur le glyphosate – on a été jusqu’à nommer un préfet glyphosate ! –, des collègues s’apprêtent à proposer la création d’un comité spécial « néonicotinoïdes betterave ». Mais où va-t-on ? Le plan Écophyto, issu du Grenelle de l’environnement, est à l’arrêt depuis plusieurs années, sans pilote pour mobiliser les parties prenantes. Ce type d’écueil nous conduit à une guerre qui nous déchire. Nous devons nous attaquer aux dérégulations économiques mais aussi à la puissance publique, qui a fait preuve d’incurie ces dernières années. Pour éviter l’agribashing, il faudra réinsuffler de la démocratie, de la raison et de la justice.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 520,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p430",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2c3df77f4c2f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Sans vous en faire le reproche, Monsieur le président, je regrette la censure de la plupart des amendements du groupe [GROUPE] au titre de l’article 45. Il est pour le moins ubuesque de les avoir écartés au motif qu’ils portaient sur la filière betterave et que n’y était pas spécifié le terme « néonicotinoïdes », alors qu’ils visaient précisément à circonscrire la portée de ce texte à la culture de la betterave. Admettez le paradoxe ! Nous espérons que vous ferez preuve de tolérance et nous accorderez un peu du temps de parole dont nous aurions dû disposer Je veux dire dans quel état d’esprit nous sommes à l’orée de ce débat qui nous occupera plusieurs heures ici, puis en séance, où nous pourrons être plus prolixes. Nous refusons les postures, la caricature, tout ce qui est à même d’exacerber les tensions entre l’agriculture et la société, entre le monde économique et l’ambition écologique. Nous nous situons clairement du côté de la responsabilité, de la dignité des travailleurs, employés des sucreries et paysans. Nous défendons la notion de contribution de la France à la sécurité alimentaire globale, plutôt que le concept de souveraineté alimentaire, rappelant que le capital de biodiversité est notre assurance-vie. Nous chercherons à concilier les deux orientations en proposant, par des compensations économiques intelligentes, à engager – enfin ! – la transition vers des pratiques culturales, génétiques, agronomiques et commerciales. À cet égard, la haute valeur environnementale (HVE), que vous n’avez pas mentionnée, Monsieur le ministre, pourrait devenir en ces temps de crise une ambition pour la filière betterave, voire un élément de négociation, à titre expérimental, pour les aides européennes. Cela constituerait une voie de sortie. Cette dérogation, si elle devait être autorisée, ruinerait la parole publique, créerait des tensions dans le pays et marquerait un retour en arrière sur le plan de la biodiversité et des pollinisateurs. Les compensations économiques doivent être intelligentes et justes. Car cette question que nous posent les betteraviers, les éleveurs laitiers, les producteurs de colza ou encore les producteurs de fruits et de légumes pourront nous l’adresser demain. Le secteur de la betterave ne jouit pas de prérogatives singulières, les efforts à réaliser pour engager la transition écologique sont aussi importants ailleurs. Les efforts publics devront être justes et préfigurer un modèle de transition sociale et écologique pour le bien commun, qui accompagne les agriculteurs et tous les travailleurs concernés. Monsieur le ministre, j’aimerais que nous tirions les leçons de nos échecs. Après des débats incroyablement difficiles sur le glyphosate – on a été jusqu’à nommer un préfet glyphosate ! –, des collègues s’apprêtent à proposer la création d’un comité spécial « néonicotinoïdes betterave ». Mais où va-t-on ? Le plan Écophyto, issu du Grenelle de l’environnement, est à l’arrêt depuis plusieurs années, sans pilote pour mobiliser les parties prenantes. Ce type d’écueil nous conduit à une guerre qui nous déchire. Nous devons nous attaquer aux dérégulations économiques mais aussi à la puissance publique, qui a fait preuve d’incurie ces dernières années. Pour éviter l’agribashing, il faudra réinsuffler de la démocratie, de la raison et de la justice."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "435",
    "436",
    "437",
    "438",
    "439",
    "440"
   ],
   "order": 435,
   "text": "Pour tout vous dire, je suis très partagé, et inquiet. Je me souviens des débats de 2016 comme si c’était hier : je m’étais abstenu sur le texte défendu par Barbara Pompili, considérant qu’il fallait laisser passer l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Il est vrai que l’interpellation des apiculteurs m’avait convaincu de la gravité de la situation Aujourd’hui, la seule chose qui me rassure est de vous savoir ministre de l’agriculture, Monsieur le ministre – en tant qu’ingénieur agronome, vous pourrez nous aider à faire preuve de discernement –, et la seule chose dont je sois certain, c’est que trois ans, c’est beaucoup trop. Jacques Chirac, à qui nous avons rendu hommage ce matin dans l’hémicycle, avait coutume de dire lorsqu’il se déplaçait dans les territoires : « c’est loin, mais c’est beau ! ». Je le paraphraserai en disant : « trois ans, c’est bien, mais c’est loin ! ». Le groupe UDI et Indépendants souhaite que la durée de cette dérogation – justifiée par la situation très préoccupante de la filière betteravière – soit réduite à un an. La France doit avoir la maturité politique pour évaluer chaque année la situation et débattre à nouveau de la question. Lorsque l’on parle de transition, il ne devrait pas y avoir de date butoir. Comme pour le glyphosate, nous devons être capables d’évaluer les évolutions de manière régulière. Par ailleurs, il faut mettre en place une stratégie au niveau européen – sans quoi on ne s’en sortira pas. Je rebondis sur la proposition de Dominique Potier : nous devons travailler avec l’INRAE et les chambres d’agriculture pour activer le plan Écophyto et construire une stratégie, puisqu’il s’agit de crédits territorialisés, dépendant de la région et du type de productions. Enfin, alors que la filière sucrière était jusqu’à une période récente plutôt dynamique et excédentaire, la filière apicole se porte mal : nous importons des miels de Roumanie et d’Europe de l’Est, qui n’ont de miel que le nom. J’aimerais que nous puissions présenter aux apiculteurs une stratégie de lutte contre le frelon asiatique et le varroa, ainsi qu’un plan de redynamisation et de revivification de la filière. À ce stade, il faut que la dérogation soit limitée à un an, et qu’il soit prévu d’interdire, deux ans après les cultures de betterave, de planter des plantes mellifères. En effet, nous sommes tous circonspects, ou interrogatifs, sur la rémanence du produit dans les cultures futures.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 402,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p435",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N16d2eacb7e2b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pour tout vous dire, je suis très partagé, et inquiet. Je me souviens des débats de 2016 comme si c’était hier : je m’étais abstenu sur le texte défendu par [PERSONNE], considérant qu’il fallait laisser passer l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Il est vrai que l’interpellation des apiculteurs m’avait convaincu de la gravité de la situation Aujourd’hui, la seule chose qui me rassure est de vous savoir ministre de l’agriculture, Monsieur le ministre – en tant qu’ingénieur agronome, vous pourrez nous aider à faire preuve de discernement –, et la seule chose dont je sois certain, c’est que trois ans, c’est beaucoup trop. Jacques Chirac, à qui nous avons rendu hommage ce matin dans l’hémicycle, avait coutume de dire lorsqu’il se déplaçait dans les territoires : « c’est loin, mais c’est beau ! ». Je le paraphraserai en disant : « trois ans, c’est bien, mais c’est loin ! ». Le groupe [GROUPE] souhaite que la durée de cette dérogation – justifiée par la situation très préoccupante de la filière betteravière – soit réduite à un an. La France doit avoir la maturité politique pour évaluer chaque année la situation et débattre à nouveau de la question. Lorsque l’on parle de transition, il ne devrait pas y avoir de date butoir. Comme pour le glyphosate, nous devons être capables d’évaluer les évolutions de manière régulière. Par ailleurs, il faut mettre en place une stratégie au niveau européen – sans quoi on ne s’en sortira pas. Je rebondis sur la proposition de [PERSONNE] : nous devons travailler avec l’INRAE et les chambres d’agriculture pour activer le plan Écophyto et construire une stratégie, puisqu’il s’agit de crédits territorialisés, dépendant de la région et du type de productions. Enfin, alors que la filière sucrière était jusqu’à une période récente plutôt dynamique et excédentaire, la filière apicole se porte mal : nous importons des miels de Roumanie et d’Europe de l’Est, qui n’ont de miel que le nom. J’aimerais que nous puissions présenter aux apiculteurs une stratégie de lutte contre le frelon asiatique et le varroa, ainsi qu’un plan de redynamisation et de revivification de la filière. À ce stade, il faut que la dérogation soit limitée à un an, et qu’il soit prévu d’interdire, deux ans après les cultures de betterave, de planter des plantes mellifères. En effet, nous sommes tous circonspects, ou interrogatifs, sur la rémanence du produit dans les cultures futures."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642935",
   "speaker": "Olivier Becht",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Becht.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771923",
   "group": "AGIR-E",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p441",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "441",
    "442"
   ],
   "order": 441,
   "text": "J’essaierai d’apporter, dans un débat souvent passionné, une réponse pragmatique aux cinq questions que les citoyens qui nous regardent aujourd’hui peuvent se poser. Sommes-nous capables, face à l’invasion de pucerons, de cultiver des betteraves sans néonicotinoïdes ? Non. Pouvons-nous sauver les 46 000 emplois et les 25 000 agriculteurs qui vivent de la filière et la font vivre sans demander cette dérogation ? Non. En admettant l’abandon de la filière sucrière française, pourrions-nous importer et consommer du sucre plus sain, sans néonicotinoïdes ? Non. Allons-nous voter une dérogation non limitée dans le temps, avec les risques sanitaires que cela comporte ? Non. Cette dérogation s’appliquera-t-elle à d’autres plantes que la betterave ? Non Cette dérogation, indispensable pour sauver le sucre français et l’emploi, est limitée strictement dans le temps, limitée strictement à la betterave, et accompagné d’un effort de recherche pour aboutir d’ici à trois ans à un substitut biologique aux néonicotinoïdes. Bien sûr, ce n’est pas de gaîté de cœur que nous prenons une telle décision, nous aurions tous préféré disposer dès aujourd’hui de ce produit de substitution. Mais il ne faut pas se contenter de l’écologie de salon, et faire de l’écologie de terrain : les agriculteurs, qui sont les premiers concernés par les produits pesticides – car ils en sont aussi les premières victimes – posent des questions pragmatiques, auxquelles nous apportons des réponses pragmatiques. Il me semble que depuis quelques siècles, le choix en politique est rarement entre le bien et le mal, mais entre le pire et le moindre mal. Pour l’heure, ce texte est le moindre mal et c’est pourquoi les députés du groupe Agir ensemble le voteront.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 274,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p441",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N60f6be1e832a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’essaierai d’apporter, dans un débat souvent passionné, une réponse pragmatique aux cinq questions que les citoyens qui nous regardent aujourd’hui peuvent se poser. Sommes-nous capables, face à l’invasion de pucerons, de cultiver des betteraves sans néonicotinoïdes ? Non. Pouvons-nous sauver les 46 000 emplois et les 25 000 agriculteurs qui vivent de la filière et la font vivre sans demander cette dérogation ? Non. En admettant l’abandon de la filière sucrière française, pourrions-nous importer et consommer du sucre plus sain, sans néonicotinoïdes ? Non. Allons-nous voter une dérogation non limitée dans le temps, avec les risques sanitaires que cela comporte ? Non. Cette dérogation s’appliquera-t-elle à d’autres plantes que la betterave ? Non Cette dérogation, indispensable pour sauver le sucre français et l’emploi, est limitée strictement dans le temps, limitée strictement à la betterave, et accompagné d’un effort de recherche pour aboutir d’ici à trois ans à un substitut biologique aux néonicotinoïdes. Bien sûr, ce n’est pas de gaîté de cœur que nous prenons une telle décision, nous aurions tous préféré disposer dès aujourd’hui de ce produit de substitution. Mais il ne faut pas se contenter de l’écologie de salon, et faire de l’écologie de terrain : les agriculteurs, qui sont les premiers concernés par les produits pesticides – car ils en sont aussi les premières victimes – posent des questions pragmatiques, auxquelles nous apportons des réponses pragmatiques. Il me semble que depuis quelques siècles, le choix en politique est rarement entre le bien et le mal, mais entre le pire et le moindre mal. Pour l’heure, ce texte est le moindre mal et c’est pourquoi les députés du groupe [GROUPE] le voteront."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p443",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "443",
    "444",
    "445",
    "446",
    "447"
   ],
   "order": 443,
   "text": "Ce projet de loi est déconnecté de l’urgence écologique à laquelle nous sommes confrontés, et que personne ne peut nier. Les néonicotinoïdes n’ont pas seulement en impact dramatique sur les abeilles sur les pollinisateurs, ces substances « à large spectre » ciblent tous les arthropodes sans distinction, y compris les insectes bénéfiques aux cultures. Les effets létaux de ces substances ont été mis en évidence sur une large gamme de micro-organismes d’invertébrés, de vertébrés terrestres et aquatiques. Dans ces conditions, il est inenvisageable de déroger à l’interdiction actuelle Le modèle agro-industriel, auquel souscrit une partie des agriculteurs et qui est soutenu par l’Union européenne via la PAC, est à bout de souffle et doit être remis en question. Plutôt que d’autoriser l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, le Gouvernement pourrait prendre la décision de débloquer des fonds d’urgence écoconditionnés en faveur des agriculteurs réellement touchés. La Fondation Nicolas Hulot indique que le coût d’un dédommagement total des betteraviers pour compenser les pertes de rendement s’élèverait au plus à 77,5 millions d’euros – montant alloué aux éleveurs lors de la grippe aviaire. Cette filière est bien en difficulté, mais cela ne date pas d’aujourd’hui et n’a rien à voir avec l’interdiction, à compter du 1er septembre 2018, des produits phytosanitaires contenant une ou des substances actives de la famille des néonicotinoïdes. Les problèmes sont apparus dès 2017 avec la fin des quotas sucriers et du prix minimum garanti : ce sont bien la dérégulation et la concurrence mondiale qui affectent cette filière. Monsieur le ministre, vous avez indiqué hier que, sans dérogation, les agriculteurs pourraient bien cesser de planter des betteraves, ce qui entraînera, dans les deux ans, la fermeture des sucreries : c’est un chantage inacceptable. Quant à notre souveraineté alimentaire, elle n’est pas menacée : la France exporte près de la moitié de sa production de sucre ! Par ailleurs, votre ministère indique que ce ne sont pas 50 % des rendements qui sont touchés, mais 12,5 % par rapport à la moyenne 2015-2019. C’est un mensonge que de dire qu’une nouvelle autorisation des néonicotinoïdes permettra de sauver la filière ! En revanche, nous pouvons être sûrs que s’il n’y a plus de pollinisateurs, il n’y aura plus d’agriculture viable. D’autant que cette dérogation serait la porte ouverte à des demandes émanant d’autres filières, auxquelles il serait difficile d’opposer une fin de non-recevoir. Rappelons qu’en 2016, Barbara Pompili défendait avec force l’interdiction sans dérogation ; elle est aujourd’hui ministre de la transition écologique d’un gouvernement qui s’apprête à les autoriser à nouveau – où est la cohérence ? On se retrouve ici dans la même situation qu’avec le glyphosate : alors que le président Macron avait annoncé l’interdiction du glyphosate dans les trois ans le 27 novembre 2017, le produit n’est toujours pas interdit à l’heure qu’il est. Tout cela est incompréhensible !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 471,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p443",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf3709a9096a8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMTV",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce projet de loi est déconnecté de l’urgence écologique à laquelle nous sommes confrontés, et que personne ne peut nier. Les néonicotinoïdes n’ont pas seulement en impact dramatique sur les abeilles sur les pollinisateurs, ces substances « à large spectre » ciblent tous les arthropodes sans distinction, y compris les insectes bénéfiques aux cultures. Les effets létaux de ces substances ont été mis en évidence sur une large gamme de micro-organismes d’invertébrés, de vertébrés terrestres et aquatiques. Dans ces conditions, il est inenvisageable de déroger à l’interdiction actuelle Le modèle agro-industriel, auquel souscrit une partie des agriculteurs et qui est soutenu par l’Union européenne via la PAC, est à bout de souffle et doit être remis en question. Plutôt que d’autoriser l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes, le Gouvernement pourrait prendre la décision de débloquer des fonds d’urgence écoconditionnés en faveur des agriculteurs réellement touchés. La Fondation [PERSONNE] indique que le coût d’un dédommagement total des betteraviers pour compenser les pertes de rendement s’élèverait au plus à 77,5 millions d’euros – montant alloué aux éleveurs lors de la grippe aviaire. Cette filière est bien en difficulté, mais cela ne date pas d’aujourd’hui et n’a rien à voir avec l’interdiction, à compter du 1er septembre 2018, des produits phytosanitaires contenant une ou des substances actives de la famille des néonicotinoïdes. Les problèmes sont apparus dès 2017 avec la fin des quotas sucriers et du prix minimum garanti : ce sont bien la dérégulation et la concurrence mondiale qui affectent cette filière. Monsieur le ministre, vous avez indiqué hier que, sans dérogation, les agriculteurs pourraient bien cesser de planter des betteraves, ce qui entraînera, dans les deux ans, la fermeture des sucreries : c’est un chantage inacceptable. Quant à notre souveraineté alimentaire, elle n’est pas menacée : la France exporte près de la moitié de sa production de sucre ! Par ailleurs, votre ministère indique que ce ne sont pas 50 % des rendements qui sont touchés, mais 12,5 % par rapport à la moyenne 2015-2019. C’est un mensonge que de dire qu’une nouvelle autorisation des néonicotinoïdes permettra de sauver la filière ! En revanche, nous pouvons être sûrs que s’il n’y a plus de pollinisateurs, il n’y aura plus d’agriculture viable. D’autant que cette dérogation serait la porte ouverte à des demandes émanant d’autres filières, auxquelles il serait difficile d’opposer une fin de non-recevoir. Rappelons qu’en 2016, [PERSONNE] défendait avec force l’interdiction sans dérogation ; elle est aujourd’hui ministre de la transition écologique d’un gouvernement qui s’apprête à les autoriser à nouveau – où est la cohérence ? On se retrouve ici dans la même situation qu’avec le glyphosate : alors que le président Macron avait annoncé l’interdiction du glyphosate dans les trois ans le 27 novembre 2017, le produit n’est toujours pas interdit à l’heure qu’il est. Tout cela est incompréhensible !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p448",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "448",
    "449",
    "450",
    "451",
    "452",
    "453"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "Lorsque, le 1er septembre 2018, Emmanuel Macron a revendiqué la paternité de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, des collègues députés en 2015 et 2016 se sont plaints de cette récupération. Je leur avais répondu qu’il fallait s’en réjouir, puisque cela rendrait la loi inattaquable Et pourtant, elle est aujourd’hui remise en cause. Non seulement vous revenez sur votre parole, mais vous faites un contresens historique. Nous assistons à un effondrement sans précédent et sans équivalent du vivant, avec des chiffres qui donnent le vertige : les populations d’insectes ont baissé de 85 % en France en vingt-trois ans, un tiers des oiseaux des champs ont disparu en quinze ans. Et dans ce contexte, vous proposez le retour des néonicotinoïdes, malgré le fait que la communauté scientifique internationale est unanime à 100 % sur la toxicité de ces substances et les ravages qu’elles entraînent. Un orateur a expliqué que personne, ici, n’était pro-néonicotinoïdes. Mais ce que l’on nous demande, ce n’est pas de donner une opinion, mais d’assumer des responsabilités et des décisions. Il est surprenant, en 2021, d’entendre affirmer qu’il n’y a pas de problèmes avec les semences enrobées – toutes les conclusions scientifiques montrent le contraire –, d’entendre proposer d’installer les abeilles dans les sites Natura 2000 – ils sont eux-mêmes contaminés aux néonicotinoïdes. Estimant que le législateur a fait l’erreur de croire que l’on pouvait se passer des néonicotinoïdes, vous mettez en avant une situation d’urgence, celle de la filière betterave. Il serait intéressant de commencer par déterminer de quoi cette filière est victime. Il semble que c’est la suppression des quotas européens, plus que le puceron, qui a entraîné la fermeture de quatre sucreries en France. Il semble que le changement climatique a aussi sa part dans les pertes de rendement : sur les 15 % de pertes cette année, 8,5 % seraient liés aux pucerons, le reste à la sécheresse et aux ravageurs – phénomène lui-même lié au changement climatique. Si vous additionnez les déserts biologiques nés de l’utilisation, des années durant, des néonicotinoïdes et de la disparition des auxiliaires prédateurs de pucerons et le changement des températures, cela donne la situation calamiteuse que connaissent un certain nombre de producteurs aujourd’hui. Des solutions existent : le groupe Écologie Démocratie Solidarité propose d’indemniser les pertes et de garantir le revenu, en contrepartie d’une adaptation des pratiques agronomiques. Vous dites : « on est d’accord pour la transformation, mais plus tard ; remettons d’abord du poison, on verra ensuite ! ». Cette logique ne fonctionne pas ! L’INRAE nous l’a indiqué très clairement lors des auditions : dans trois ans, nous en serons strictement au même point. Quant à la souveraineté et à la sécurité alimentaire de la nation, il faut savoir que l’effondrement de la biodiversité menace aujourd’hui les récoltes des autres filières agricoles : sans pollinisateurs, les rendements de colza chuteront de 70 %, ceux de tournesol de 50 %. Il existe des marges de manœuvre économiques pour apporter des solutions aux producteurs, sans retomber dans les néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 500,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p448",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c5cfc685405",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsque, le 1er septembre 2018, [PERSONNE] a revendiqué la paternité de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, des collègues députés en 2015 et 2016 se sont plaints de cette récupération. Je leur avais répondu qu’il fallait s’en réjouir, puisque cela rendrait la loi inattaquable Et pourtant, elle est aujourd’hui remise en cause. Non seulement vous revenez sur votre parole, mais vous faites un contresens historique. Nous assistons à un effondrement sans précédent et sans équivalent du vivant, avec des chiffres qui donnent le vertige : les populations d’insectes ont baissé de 85 % en France en vingt-trois ans, un tiers des oiseaux des champs ont disparu en quinze ans. Et dans ce contexte, vous proposez le retour des néonicotinoïdes, malgré le fait que la communauté scientifique internationale est unanime à 100 % sur la toxicité de ces substances et les ravages qu’elles entraînent. Un orateur a expliqué que personne, ici, n’était pro-néonicotinoïdes. Mais ce que l’on nous demande, ce n’est pas de donner une opinion, mais d’assumer des responsabilités et des décisions. Il est surprenant, en 2021, d’entendre affirmer qu’il n’y a pas de problèmes avec les semences enrobées – toutes les conclusions scientifiques montrent le contraire –, d’entendre proposer d’installer les abeilles dans les sites Natura 2000 – ils sont eux-mêmes contaminés aux néonicotinoïdes. Estimant que le législateur a fait l’erreur de croire que l’on pouvait se passer des néonicotinoïdes, vous mettez en avant une situation d’urgence, celle de la filière betterave. Il serait intéressant de commencer par déterminer de quoi cette filière est victime. Il semble que c’est la suppression des quotas européens, plus que le puceron, qui a entraîné la fermeture de quatre sucreries en France. Il semble que le changement climatique a aussi sa part dans les pertes de rendement : sur les 15 % de pertes cette année, 8,5 % seraient liés aux pucerons, le reste à la sécheresse et aux ravageurs – phénomène lui-même lié au changement climatique. Si vous additionnez les déserts biologiques nés de l’utilisation, des années durant, des néonicotinoïdes et de la disparition des auxiliaires prédateurs de pucerons et le changement des températures, cela donne la situation calamiteuse que connaissent un certain nombre de producteurs aujourd’hui. Des solutions existent : le groupe [GROUPE] propose d’indemniser les pertes et de garantir le revenu, en contrepartie d’une adaptation des pratiques agronomiques. Vous dites : « on est d’accord pour la transformation, mais plus tard ; remettons d’abord du poison, on verra ensuite ! ». Cette logique ne fonctionne pas ! L’INRAE nous l’a indiqué très clairement lors des auditions : dans trois ans, nous en serons strictement au même point. Quant à la souveraineté et à la sécurité alimentaire de la nation, il faut savoir que l’effondrement de la biodiversité menace aujourd’hui les récoltes des autres filières agricoles : sans pollinisateurs, les rendements de colza chuteront de 70 %, ceux de tournesol de 50 %. Il existe des marges de manœuvre économiques pour apporter des solutions aux producteurs, sans retomber dans les néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p454",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "454",
    "455",
    "456",
    "457"
   ],
   "order": 454,
   "text": "Nous avons écouté vos arguments justifiant la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave sucrière – vous avez parlé de souveraineté alimentaire, de sauvegarde de l’emploi, de concurrence internationale – et ceux tendant à en minimiser les effets – l’absence de floraison, qui limiterait l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs, et une moindre nocivité que celle des insecticides foliaires, qui sont pulvérisés. Vous expliquez aussi que l’interdiction de plantations attractives pour les abeilles à proximité des champs de betteraves permettrait de limiter l’impact sur ces dernières Si nous avons décidé, il y a quatre ans, d’inscrire dans la loi l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes, c’est que nous souhaitions mettre fin à leurs effets dévastateurs, même à faibles doses, sur les pollinisateurs. Contrairement à ce que l’on a pu entendre, les pollinisateurs seront affectés par la réintroduction de l’insecticide, y compris en l’absence de floraison. Ensuite, la majorité du produit utilisé en enrobage reste dans les sols – on parle de 90 % du total utilisé – et persiste généralement pendant plusieurs années, contaminant durablement les champs traités et les cultures plantées les années suivantes, y compris lorsqu’elles n’ont pas été traitées. Pire, il peut être transporté par ruissellement dans les cours d’eau et polluer les nappes phréatiques. Les risques liés à l’utilisation de ces substances demeurent tout aussi importants et justifient que nous maintenions leur interdiction pour la filière de la betterave sucrière. Il est vrai que les difficultés se sont accumulées pour ce secteur : n’oublions pas que la fin des quotas est survenue en 2017, au moment même où le marché entrait dans une phase de surproduction. Alors que les producteurs subissent l’écroulement des cours mondiaux – une baisse de 40 % du prix de vente, ce n’est pas rien –, l’épidémie de jaunisse s’étend, sans qu’il ait été trouvé de solution satisfaisante depuis la loi de 2016. Mais cela ne justifie pas la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes. L’exception qui serait faite pour les producteurs de betteraves ouvrirait une boîte de Pandore ; d’autres filières entrevoient la possibilité de dérogations analogues et en font déjà la demande. Plus globalement, cette nouvelle autorisation laisserait à penser que, pour ce gouvernement, l’impératif environnemental se dérobe face à la nécessité économique. Le groupe Libertés et Territoires ne peut accepter un tel renoncement écologique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 383,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p454",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c134fa927d9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons écouté vos arguments justifiant la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes pour la culture de la betterave sucrière – vous avez parlé de souveraineté alimentaire, de sauvegarde de l’emploi, de concurrence internationale – et ceux tendant à en minimiser les effets – l’absence de floraison, qui limiterait l’impact des néonicotinoïdes sur les pollinisateurs, et une moindre nocivité que celle des insecticides foliaires, qui sont pulvérisés. Vous expliquez aussi que l’interdiction de plantations attractives pour les abeilles à proximité des champs de betteraves permettrait de limiter l’impact sur ces dernières Si nous avons décidé, il y a quatre ans, d’inscrire dans la loi l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes, c’est que nous souhaitions mettre fin à leurs effets dévastateurs, même à faibles doses, sur les pollinisateurs. Contrairement à ce que l’on a pu entendre, les pollinisateurs seront affectés par la réintroduction de l’insecticide, y compris en l’absence de floraison. Ensuite, la majorité du produit utilisé en enrobage reste dans les sols – on parle de 90 % du total utilisé – et persiste généralement pendant plusieurs années, contaminant durablement les champs traités et les cultures plantées les années suivantes, y compris lorsqu’elles n’ont pas été traitées. Pire, il peut être transporté par ruissellement dans les cours d’eau et polluer les nappes phréatiques. Les risques liés à l’utilisation de ces substances demeurent tout aussi importants et justifient que nous maintenions leur interdiction pour la filière de la betterave sucrière. Il est vrai que les difficultés se sont accumulées pour ce secteur : n’oublions pas que la fin des quotas est survenue en 2017, au moment même où le marché entrait dans une phase de surproduction. Alors que les producteurs subissent l’écroulement des cours mondiaux – une baisse de 40 % du prix de vente, ce n’est pas rien –, l’épidémie de jaunisse s’étend, sans qu’il ait été trouvé de solution satisfaisante depuis la loi de 2016. Mais cela ne justifie pas la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes. L’exception qui serait faite pour les producteurs de betteraves ouvrirait une boîte de Pandore ; d’autres filières entrevoient la possibilité de dérogations analogues et en font déjà la demande. Plus globalement, cette nouvelle autorisation laisserait à penser que, pour ce gouvernement, l’impératif environnemental se dérobe face à la nécessité économique. Le groupe [GROUPE] ne peut accepter un tel renoncement écologique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720672",
   "speaker": "Robert Therry",
   "quality": "M. Robert Therry.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "458"
   ],
   "order": 458,
   "text": "Élu d’une circonscription qui compte une sucrerie et de nombreux agriculteurs betteraviers, je suis de ceux qui défendent avec force cette filière indispensable aux consommateurs. Mais je suis aussi apiculteur, peut-être le seul de l’Assemblée, et il serait incompréhensible que je ne défende pas ma corporation et les abeilles, tout simplement indispensables à la vie. Le varroa a été éradiqué par un insecticide naturel, respectant la vie des abeilles. Voilà vingt ans que nous savons que la nécessité absolue est de trouver un produit de substitution aux néonicotinoïdes, appelés aussi « insecticides tueurs d’abeilles ». Il faut mettre plus que jamais la pression auprès des industries chimiques pour sortir de cette impasse. Dans un rapport récent, la Cour des comptes a montré que l’action des pollinisateurs permettait de réaliser un chiffre d’affaires de 15 milliards d’euros dans le secteur agricole européen, dont plus de 2 milliards en France. Il faut sauver nos abeilles et la filière betteravière !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 158,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p458",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N33f7f0525434",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Élu d’une circonscription qui compte une sucrerie et de nombreux agriculteurs betteraviers, je suis de ceux qui défendent avec force cette filière indispensable aux consommateurs. Mais je suis aussi apiculteur, peut-être le seul de l’Assemblée, et il serait incompréhensible que je ne défende pas ma corporation et les abeilles, tout simplement indispensables à la vie. Le varroa a été éradiqué par un insecticide naturel, respectant la vie des abeilles. Voilà vingt ans que nous savons que la nécessité absolue est de trouver un produit de substitution aux néonicotinoïdes, appelés aussi « insecticides tueurs d’abeilles ». Il faut mettre plus que jamais la pression auprès des industries chimiques pour sortir de cette impasse. Dans un rapport récent, la Cour des comptes a montré que l’action des pollinisateurs permettait de réaliser un chiffre d’affaires de 15 milliards d’euros dans le secteur agricole européen, dont plus de 2 milliards en France. Il faut sauver nos abeilles et la filière betteravière !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA942",
   "speaker": "Charles de Courson",
   "quality": "M. Charles de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p459",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "459"
   ],
   "order": 459,
   "text": "Lorsque l’interdiction totale a été discutée en 2016, le problème de la filière betteravière a été soulevé, et certains ont expliqué que cela pousserait à chercher une alternative. Cependant, et malgré les efforts des chercheurs, aucune solution permettant de venir à bout des pucerons n’a été trouvée. Nous examinons aujourd’hui un texte provisoire dont l’objectif est d’éviter l’effondrement. Ce qu’il faut, c’est développer la filière et aller un peu plus loin que l’amendement adopté cette nuit, en gérant mieux les assolements et en maintenant l’interdiction de planter, durant les deux ans qui suivent, des plantes mellifères. Enfin, cessons de croire, nous autres Français, que nous avons raison contre tous ! Si dix de nos voisins européens ont demandé et obtenu la dérogation en application du fameux article 53, c’est qu’ils ont un peu de bon sens !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 137,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p459",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N67691e18aaec",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsque l’interdiction totale a été discutée en 2016, le problème de la filière betteravière a été soulevé, et certains ont expliqué que cela pousserait à chercher une alternative. Cependant, et malgré les efforts des chercheurs, aucune solution permettant de venir à bout des pucerons n’a été trouvée. Nous examinons aujourd’hui un texte provisoire dont l’objectif est d’éviter l’effondrement. Ce qu’il faut, c’est développer la filière et aller un peu plus loin que l’amendement adopté cette nuit, en gérant mieux les assolements et en maintenant l’interdiction de planter, durant les deux ans qui suivent, des plantes mellifères. Enfin, cessons de croire, nous autres Français, que nous avons raison contre tous ! Si dix de nos voisins européens ont demandé et obtenu la dérogation en application du fameux article 53, c’est qu’ils ont un peu de bon sens !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA337483",
   "speaker": "Serge Letchimy",
   "quality": "M. Serge Letchimy.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "460",
    "461"
   ],
   "order": 460,
   "text": "En 1972, nous avons connu, avec le débat sur la chlordécone, les mêmes arguments, les mêmes systèmes de pression. L’insecticide était alors présenté comme l’unique solution pour se débarrasser du charançon du bananier, selon une dynamique ultra-libérale très puissante, par des lobbies bien placés qui camouflaient la vérité, dans un contexte où des quotas étaient imposés. Cela a conduit à une catastrophe dont vous connaissez très bien tous les aspects, Monsieur le ministre : les terres martiniquaises et guadeloupéennes sont polluées pour 700 ans, 93 % des Antillais sont contaminés et les cas de cancers, notamment de la prostate, se multiplient Je ne crois pas du tout au provisoire, Monsieur le ministre. Comment trouver en un ou deux ans ce que l’on n’a pas réussi à élaborer en quatre ans ? Vous n’occuperez pas ce poste éternellement, et ceux qui vous succéderont trouveront d’autres arguments pour prolonger cette dérogation. Je vous demande de méditer sur cet exemple, et de ne pas prendre le risque de remettre en cause cette interdiction. Lutter contre l’effondrement du vivant est bien trop précieux, la décision était bien trop importante pour l’écologie, pour que vous preniez le risque, à votre niveau, de la remettre en cause pour des questions de rendement. Et si vous voulez augmenter la production de sucre, tournez-vous vers les pays d’outre-mer !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 221,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p460",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc9a5f7b2b5ae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIMV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En 1972, nous avons connu, avec le débat sur la chlordécone, les mêmes arguments, les mêmes systèmes de pression. L’insecticide était alors présenté comme l’unique solution pour se débarrasser du charançon du bananier, selon une dynamique ultra-libérale très puissante, par des lobbies bien placés qui camouflaient la vérité, dans un contexte où des quotas étaient imposés. Cela a conduit à une catastrophe dont vous connaissez très bien tous les aspects, Monsieur le ministre : les terres martiniquaises et guadeloupéennes sont polluées pour 700 ans, 93 % des Antillais sont contaminés et les cas de cancers, notamment de la prostate, se multiplient Je ne crois pas du tout au provisoire, Monsieur le ministre. Comment trouver en un ou deux ans ce que l’on n’a pas réussi à élaborer en quatre ans ? Vous n’occuperez pas ce poste éternellement, et ceux qui vous succéderont trouveront d’autres arguments pour prolonger cette dérogation. Je vous demande de méditer sur cet exemple, et de ne pas prendre le risque de remettre en cause cette interdiction. Lutter contre l’effondrement du vivant est bien trop précieux, la décision était bien trop importante pour l’écologie, pour que vous preniez le risque, à votre niveau, de la remettre en cause pour des questions de rendement. Et si vous voulez augmenter la production de sucre, tournez-vous vers les pays d’outre-mer !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA267450",
   "speaker": "Rémi Delatte",
   "quality": "M. Rémi Delatte.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p462",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "462",
    "463"
   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "Nous sommes tous conscients de la nécessité de limiter les intrants chimiques dans la production agricole, pour répondre aux enjeux de notre temps et surtout préserver le vivant. Nos agriculteurs le sont tout autant, et voient dans la transition agroécologique une opportunité autant qu’une responsabilité Mais une réflexion sérieuse et une démarche durable ne peuvent s’affranchir du temps long. La mutation profonde qu’implique l’arrêt des produits phytopharmaceutiques ne peut se faire en tuant des exploitations ; elle appelle un effort de recherche conséquent. Le plan de relance doit y contribuer – vous nous avez rassurés sur ce point, Monsieur le ministre. Il faut des alternatives solides, efficaces et abordables : nous ne les trouverons pas demain, comme en attestent les grands organismes scientifiques. Dans l’immédiat, face à l’urgence vitale pour la filière betterave – les filières colza et moutarde connaissent des pertes de rendement semblables, mais elles ne sont pas concernées par le texte car il s’agit de plantes mellifères – et pour conserver notre souveraineté alimentaire, le sens des responsabilités doit l’emporter sur les pressions et l’irrationnel. Comme mes collègues Les Républicains, je soutiendrai ce texte. Le courage ne se décrète pas, il se trouve, et lorsque le courage est là, il ne se dénie pas, il s’accompagne.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 209,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p462",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc101513b4c74",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes tous conscients de la nécessité de limiter les intrants chimiques dans la production agricole, pour répondre aux enjeux de notre temps et surtout préserver le vivant. Nos agriculteurs le sont tout autant, et voient dans la transition agroécologique une opportunité autant qu’une responsabilité Mais une réflexion sérieuse et une démarche durable ne peuvent s’affranchir du temps long. La mutation profonde qu’implique l’arrêt des produits phytopharmaceutiques ne peut se faire en tuant des exploitations ; elle appelle un effort de recherche conséquent. Le plan de relance doit y contribuer – vous nous avez rassurés sur ce point, Monsieur le ministre. Il faut des alternatives solides, efficaces et abordables : nous ne les trouverons pas demain, comme en attestent les grands organismes scientifiques. Dans l’immédiat, face à l’urgence vitale pour la filière betterave – les filières colza et moutarde connaissent des pertes de rendement semblables, mais elles ne sont pas concernées par le texte car il s’agit de plantes mellifères – et pour conserver notre souveraineté alimentaire, le sens des responsabilités doit l’emporter sur les pressions et l’irrationnel. Comme mes collègues [GROUPE], je soutiendrai ce texte. Le courage ne se décrète pas, il se trouve, et lorsque le courage est là, il ne se dénie pas, il s’accompagne."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608172",
   "speaker": "Christine Pirès Beaune",
   "quality": "Mme Christine Pires Beaune.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p464",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "464"
   ],
   "order": 464,
   "text": "Merci de m’accueillir dans votre commission. Comme Olivier Becht, je répondrai à plusieurs questions. Est-ce que la loi biodiversité de 2016 portée par Ségolène Royal et Barbara Pompili est une bonne loi ? Oui. Est-ce que la bataille fut rude ? Oui, elle s’est jouée à quelques voix. Cette loi est-elle contestée ? Oui, elle l’a été dès son adoption et l’est depuis lors. Les néonicotinoïdes, qui attaquent le système nerveux des insectes, notamment des abeilles, sont-ils dangereux ? Oui, ils le sont pour la biodiversité et pour la qualité des sols. Existe-t-il des alternatives pour sauver la filière betterave ? Oui, on peut prévoir des indemnités, un soutien fort, et une accélération de la recherche. Est-ce que le Gouvernement fait le mauvais choix avec ce texte ? Oui, car il ouvre la boîte de Pandore. Le Gouvernement agit-il dans la précipitation ? Oui, le bons sens aurait voulu que l’on attende l’avis que rendra l’ANSES en janvier pour avoir toutes les cartes en main. Vous l’aurez compris, pour moi, ce sera « non » !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 176,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p464",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N213f8bc53b5d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Merci de m’accueillir dans votre commission. Comme [PERSONNE], je répondrai à plusieurs questions. Est-ce que la loi biodiversité de 2016 portée par [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] est une bonne loi ? Oui. Est-ce que la bataille fut rude ? Oui, elle s’est jouée à quelques voix. Cette loi est-elle contestée ? Oui, elle l’a été dès son adoption et l’est depuis lors. Les néonicotinoïdes, qui attaquent le système nerveux des insectes, notamment des abeilles, sont-ils dangereux ? Oui, ils le sont pour la biodiversité et pour la qualité des sols. Existe-t-il des alternatives pour sauver la filière betterave ? Oui, on peut prévoir des indemnités, un soutien fort, et une accélération de la recherche. Est-ce que le Gouvernement fait le mauvais choix avec ce texte ? Oui, car il ouvre la boîte de Pandore. Le Gouvernement agit-il dans la précipitation ? Oui, le bons sens aurait voulu que l’on attende l’avis que rendra l’ANSES en janvier pour avoir toutes les cartes en main. Vous l’aurez compris, pour moi, ce sera « non » !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "465",
    "466"
   ],
   "order": 465,
   "text": "Il y a des arguments que l’on ne peut entendre, à commencer par celui du nivellement par le bas, qui consiste à dire que si d’autres pays le font, la France devrait aussi le faire. Cela nous conduirait à baisser le pavillon sur tous les sujets environnementaux et à abandonner définitivement la partie. S’agissant de la moindre toxicité en raison de la floraison retardée de la betterave, les scientifiques sont unanimes : ces substances imprègnent les sols et l’eau à plus de 80 %, et leurs effets n’ont rien à voir avec les doses ou la technique utilisées. Nous pensons, au groupe EDS, qu’il existe d’autres solutions : nous avons proposé notamment un dispositif d’assurance récolte garanti par l’État, une couverture jusqu’à 100 % des pertes pendant trois ans. À ce sujet, je m’interroge, Monsieur le ministre : si les betteraviers ne cotisent pas au fonds national agricole de mutualisation du risque sanitaire et environnemental (FMSE), n’est-ce pas parce que les néonicotinoïdes constituent en quelque sorte leur assurance ? Enfin, l’argument de la pénurie de sucre sera sûrement repris : il convient de répondre que 24 % des betteraves sucrières produites en France sont utilisées pour fabriquer des agrocarburants C’est sans doute la dernière fois, au cours de ce quinquennat, que les députés seront appelés à se prononcer sur un texte sur la biodiversité. Notre groupe a donc écrit hier à Richard Ferrand, pour lui demander d’organiser un vote solennel. Ainsi, les 577 députés pourront exprimer leur vote !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 249,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p465",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfc34e7ea5355",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a des arguments que l’on ne peut entendre, à commencer par celui du nivellement par le bas, qui consiste à dire que si d’autres pays le font, la France devrait aussi le faire. Cela nous conduirait à baisser le pavillon sur tous les sujets environnementaux et à abandonner définitivement la partie. S’agissant de la moindre toxicité en raison de la floraison retardée de la betterave, les scientifiques sont unanimes : ces substances imprègnent les sols et l’eau à plus de 80 %, et leurs effets n’ont rien à voir avec les doses ou la technique utilisées. Nous pensons, au groupe EDS, qu’il existe d’autres solutions : nous avons proposé notamment un dispositif d’assurance récolte garanti par l’État, une couverture jusqu’à 100 % des pertes pendant trois ans. À ce sujet, je m’interroge, Monsieur le ministre : si les betteraviers ne cotisent pas au fonds national agricole de mutualisation du risque sanitaire et environnemental (FMSE), n’est-ce pas parce que les néonicotinoïdes constituent en quelque sorte leur assurance ? Enfin, l’argument de la pénurie de sucre sera sûrement repris : il convient de répondre que 24 % des betteraves sucrières produites en France sont utilisées pour fabriquer des agrocarburants C’est sans doute la dernière fois, au cours de ce quinquennat, que les députés seront appelés à se prononcer sur un texte sur la biodiversité. Notre groupe a donc écrit hier à [PERSONNE], pour lui demander d’organiser un vote solennel. Ainsi, les 577 députés pourront exprimer leur vote !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p467",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "467",
    "468"
   ],
   "order": 467,
   "text": "Je suis contre les interdictions qui interviennent avant que l’on ait trouvé une alternative. Et je suis contre les interdictions qui ne concernent pas nos voisins. Le risque, aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas le recul écologique, mais la disparition pure et simple d’une production française. Plus que jamais, nos concitoyens cherchent à consommer français et local : il faut préserver nos filières C’est à l’État et à la recherche fondamentale de trouver des alternatives pour demain. Il existerait déjà quelques pistes, dont certaines sont expérimentées par nos voisins européens : des variétés de betteraves résistantes au puceron, des plantes répulsives que l’on pourrait introduire dans l’inter-rang afin d’éloigner les pucerons ou, a contrario, des plantes attractives que l’on placerait en bordure des cultures, pour y capter les pucerons. Pouvez-vous, Monsieur le ministre, nous dire un mot de ces alternatives ? Cela permettrait sans doute d’apaiser le débat.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p467",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N13f6098a6ec7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis contre les interdictions qui interviennent avant que l’on ait trouvé une alternative. Et je suis contre les interdictions qui ne concernent pas nos voisins. Le risque, aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas le recul écologique, mais la disparition pure et simple d’une production française. Plus que jamais, nos concitoyens cherchent à consommer français et local : il faut préserver nos filières C’est à l’État et à la recherche fondamentale de trouver des alternatives pour demain. Il existerait déjà quelques pistes, dont certaines sont expérimentées par nos voisins européens : des variétés de betteraves résistantes au puceron, des plantes répulsives que l’on pourrait introduire dans l’inter-rang afin d’éloigner les pucerons ou, a contrario, des plantes attractives que l’on placerait en bordure des cultures, pour y capter les pucerons. Pouvez-vous, Monsieur le ministre, nous dire un mot de ces alternatives ? Cela permettrait sans doute d’apaiser le débat."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p469",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "469",
    "470",
    "471",
    "472",
    "473",
    "474",
    "475",
    "476",
    "477",
    "478",
    "479",
    "480",
    "481",
    "482",
    "483"
   ],
   "order": 469,
   "text": "Monsieur Dive, vous avez rappelé que ce texte concerne uniquement la betterave sucrière et je le confirme Monsieur Millienne, je vous remercie d’avoir expliqué que depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, les betteraviers se sont rabattus sur les pyréthrinoïdes, qui ne sont pas sans danger. Je suis, comme vous, convaincu de l’utilité des haies. Je le suis tellement que, dans le plan de relance, une ligne de crédits de 50 millions sera destinée à accélérer leur plantation. Mais vous savez que cela ne se fait pas en un été… S’agissant des pollinisateurs, je me suis engagé, dès le 6 août, à lancer un plan de pollinisation, que je présenterai avec Barbara Pompili avant la fin de l’année : j’aurai plaisir à associer l’ensemble de la représentation parlementaire à ces travaux. Il faut mener une politique proactive : pourquoi, par exemple, ne pas utiliser une partie des nombreux terrains inoccupés gérés par nos établissements publics fonciers (EPF) pour y installer nos abeilles ? Monsieur Potier, je vous remercie pour votre appel à la responsabilité, que je partage. Vous avez prononcé un mot essentiel, celui de « nutrition », dont on oublie trop souvent qu’elle est le cœur de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation. Je crois beaucoup aussi à la notion de « haute valeur environnementale » : le plan de relance prévoit d’ailleurs un crédit d’impôt HVE, que vous aviez vous-même appelé de vos vœux – il sera introduit dans la prochaine loi de finances. Cette notion de haute valeur environnementale est également au cœur des écoschémas – ou eco‑schemes – qui sont en cours de finalisation au titre de révision de la politique agricole commune (PAC). Il faut effectivement tirer les leçons du passé. Vous avez évoqué le plan Écophyto : même s’il ne fonctionne peut-être pas aussi bien qu’on le souhaiterait, je tiens à saluer le ministre Stéphane Travert pour son action. Il est vrai que la place des parlementaires dans le suivi du plan doit sans doute être renforcée, d’autant plus qu’à l’initiative des ministres Stéphane Travert, puis Didier Guillaume, la contribution nationale au plan Écophyto – on en est maintenant au plan Écopyhto 2+ – est de 41 millions d’euros, à quoi s’ajoutent 30 millions au niveau régional. Les parlementaires doivent avoir un rôle de suivi. Monsieur Benoit, la loi de 2016 a permis de mettre fin à l’utilisation de 92 % des néonicotinoïdes. Je ne minimise nullement les problèmes que pose la dérogation à cette interdiction pour les cultures betteravières. Vous noterez d’ailleurs que je n’ai jamais utilisé l’argument environnemental, même si l’on m’a prêté des propos que je n’ai pas tenus. J’en appelle à votre sagesse de parlementaire. Mettez-vous à ma place : pouvez-vous imaginer un seul instant que si j’avais connaissance d’une solution, je serais devant vous aujourd’hui ? À l’évidence, non. Vous avez cité le président Chirac. On lui prête aussi ces mots – même si je crois qu’ils sont en réalité de Richelieu : « La politique, c’est de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire. » Oui, il est nécessaire de sortir des néonicotinoïdes, mais l’humilité m’oblige à dire que la filière de la betterave, à l’heure qu’il est, n’est pas encore prête pour cette transition. La question n’est pas celle du rendement des sucreries ou de l’outil industriel. La question, c’est celle que se pose individuellement chaque planteur. Depuis vingt ou vingt-cinq ans, les betteraviers ne font plus de la monoculture : la plupart d’entre eux font 10, 15 ou 20 % de betterave. Ils ont donc le choix, dans leur assolement, de mettre de la betterave ou des céréales. Aujourd’hui, si vous étiez betteravier, vous ne planteriez pas de betterave, d’abord à cause de ce puceron, ensuite parce que, contrairement à ce qui a été dit, il n’existe aucun moyen d’indemniser les agriculteurs à 100 % au titre de la jaunisse. Je peux vous dire, en tant qu’ingénieur agronome, que lorsqu’un agriculteur voit l’une de ses cultures dépérir, ça le prend aux tripes. En plus, il perd de l’argent. S’il a la possibilité de semer une céréale plutôt que de la betterave, c’est le choix qu’il fera ! N’importe qui, parmi nous, ferait le même choix s’il était dans cette situation. La difficulté, c’est que cette décision individuelle a des effets en cascade : le volume qui arrive à la sucrerie diminue et c’est tout l’appareil industriel qui est mis à mal et qui risque de fermer. Or, le jour où il n’y aura plus de sucrerie, il n’y aura plus de plantations de betteraves. Comme j’ai l’intime conviction que nous allons quand même continuer à manger du sucre, nous allons donc devoir importer du sucre polonais, belge et allemand. La politique, c’est l’art de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire, mais en reconnaissant avec humilité les moments où l’on se trouve dans une impasse. Il faut du courage pour le reconnaître et je salue les députés qui auront le courage de soutenir ce projet de loi. Il est beaucoup plus facile d’être dans l’injonction ou dans l’incantation et de répéter qu’il suffirait de faire autre chose. Mais lorsque cette « autre chose » n’existe pas, ces discours n’ont aucun sens ! Pour que la filière de la betterave réalise sa transition agroécologique, il faut passer un cap difficile, qui pourra durer quelques années, le temps que la recherche trouve une solution. À cet égard, je partage votre point de vue, Monsieur Becht. Madame Taurine, vous avez qualifié mes propos de mensongers. Nous avons beaucoup travaillé ensemble sur la question du logement, je sais que vous êtes une femme de dossier, alors tenons-nous en, s’il vous plaît, au fond du débat et à l’échange d’arguments. J’ai, pour ma part, un problème de fond avec l’argument que certains membres de votre groupe ont exposé hier et que vous venez de reprendre. Il consiste à dire que, puisque la France exporte la moitié du sucre qu’elle produit, une chute de rendement ne serait pas un gros problème, puisqu’il suffirait de ne plus exporter. J’avoue que cette vision de l’économie me dépasse un peu. J’ai suggéré hier à vos collègues Mathilde Panot et Loïc Prud’homme de se rendre sur les sites industriels de Renault et PSA pour expliquer aux salariés que le plus simple, du point de vue écologique, c’est d’arrêter d’exporter des voitures. Je ne suis pas sûr que vous recevrez un accueil très chaleureux. La question n’est pas de savoir ce qui va se passer à la sortie des sucreries sur le plan économique. La question qui nous réunit aujourd’hui est la suivante : comment convaincre les betteraviers de planter de la betterave dans notre pays pour que toute la chaîne puisse tenir ? Madame Batho, vous assénez depuis hier soir le même argument : il existerait des solutions. Le fait de le répéter n’en fait pas une vérité. Je l’ai dit, en politique, il faut parfois savoir reconnaître qu’on se trouve dans une impasse. L’INRAe dit lui-même qu’il n’existe, à l’heure actuelle, aucune solution – qu’elle soit financière, agronomique ou culturale. Si une solution existait, je ne serais pas devant vous cet après-midi. Je rappelle en effet que je ne peux utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen que parce qu’il n’existe aucune alternative. Si une alternative existait, ce projet de loi serait caduc, et vous le savez très bien. Vous dites que la filière de la betterave à sucre souffre moins du puceron, que de la fin des quotas européens. Permettez-moi de rappeler que la fin des quotas a été votée en décembre 2013 : on ne peut pas m’en tenir pour responsable. Monsieur Orphelin, l’indemnisation de la filière est évidemment la première solution que nous avons envisagée. Nous nous sommes immédiatement demandé s’il était possible de mettre l’ensemble de la filière sous perfusion en attendant de trouver une solution agronomique ou culturale. Hélas, le règlement européen nous interdit d’indemniser nos betteraviers à 100 %. Vous avez évoqué le FMSE : le problème, c’est que l’État ne peut y contribuer qu’à hauteur de 65 %. Je vous invite, une fois encore, à vous mettre à la place d’un betteravier : si l’on vous dit que vous devrez financer vous-même le potentiel risque à hauteur de 35 %, vous planterez autre chose ! Vous pouvez continuer d’asséner qu’une solution existe, mais ce n’est pas vrai. S’il était possible de mettre les gens sous perfusion financière le temps de trouver une solution, j’aurais été le premier à le faire. Le problème, c’est que les règles de la concurrence et du marché commun au niveau européen ne permettent pas à un État de soutenir une filière à 100 %. Monsieur Falorni, je ne minimise en rien les conséquences de la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes, mais si nous voulons accompagner la filière de la betterave dans la transition agroenvironnementale, encore faut-il que cette filière continuer d’exister ! Il faut avoir le courage de reconnaître qu’à l’heure actuelle, cette filière n’est pas prête pour la transition. Dès que nous aurons une solution, nous la mettrons en œuvre et nous pourrons continuer de produire du sucre français. Monsieur Letchimy, je connais votre engagement sur la question de la chlordécone et je répète que je ne minimise pas l’impact de la mesure que nous prenons. L’écologie que nous appelons de nos vœux est-elle une écologie du « chacun pour soi » ou une écologie solidaire ? J’ai été surpris d’entendre certains d’entre vous dire que, dans le pire des cas, on n’avait qu’à arrêter de produire du sucre en France et que ce ne serait pas si grave. Mais si on arrête de produire du sucre dans notre pays et qu’on continue d’en consommer, il va bien falloir en importer ! L’écologie a-t-elle des frontières ? Importer du sucre de pays qui ne respectent en rien notre agroécologie, n’est-ce pas un problème ? Dans ce débat, il y a ceux qui pensent qu’il suffit de dire qu’une solution existe pour qu’elle existe et ceux qui, parce qu’ils ont compris qu’elle n’existe pas, déplacent simplement le problème dans d’autre pays ! Cette écologie du « chacun pour soi », cette écologie qui n’est pas solidaire, ce n’est pas celle que je souhaite pour notre société. Monsieur Di Filippo, vous avez évoqué plusieurs alternatives et je pense effectivement que la solution viendra de la combinaison de trois facteurs : la recherche de nouvelles semences, le volet agroécologique, autour du biocontrôle, et l’évolution des pratiques culturales.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTE RENDU de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES",
   "article": "Article 2 (nouveau) Article L. 253‑8‑3 du code rural et de la pêche maritime [nouveau] Restrictions des dérogations aux seules semences de betteraves sucrières",
   "article_id": "p319",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1732,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p469",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3814c311e0ee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Dive, vous avez rappelé que ce texte concerne uniquement la betterave sucrière et je le confirme Monsieur Millienne, je vous remercie d’avoir expliqué que depuis l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, les betteraviers se sont rabattus sur les pyréthrinoïdes, qui ne sont pas sans danger. Je suis, comme vous, convaincu de l’utilité des haies. Je le suis tellement que, dans le plan de relance, une ligne de crédits de 50 millions sera destinée à accélérer leur plantation. Mais vous savez que cela ne se fait pas en un été… S’agissant des pollinisateurs, je me suis engagé, dès le 6 août, à lancer un plan de pollinisation, que je présenterai avec [PERSONNE] avant la fin de l’année : j’aurai plaisir à associer l’ensemble de la représentation parlementaire à ces travaux. Il faut mener une politique proactive : pourquoi, par exemple, ne pas utiliser une partie des nombreux terrains inoccupés gérés par nos établissements publics fonciers (EPF) pour y installer nos abeilles ? Monsieur Potier, je vous remercie pour votre appel à la responsabilité, que je partage. Vous avez prononcé un mot essentiel, celui de « nutrition », dont on oublie trop souvent qu’elle est le cœur de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation. Je crois beaucoup aussi à la notion de « haute valeur environnementale » : le plan de relance prévoit d’ailleurs un crédit d’impôt HVE, que vous aviez vous-même appelé de vos vœux – il sera introduit dans la prochaine loi de finances. Cette notion de haute valeur environnementale est également au cœur des écoschémas – ou eco‑schemes – qui sont en cours de finalisation au titre de révision de la politique agricole commune (PAC). Il faut effectivement tirer les leçons du passé. Vous avez évoqué le plan Écophyto : même s’il ne fonctionne peut-être pas aussi bien qu’on le souhaiterait, je tiens à saluer le ministre [PERSONNE] pour son action. Il est vrai que la place des parlementaires dans le suivi du plan doit sans doute être renforcée, d’autant plus qu’à l’initiative des ministres [PERSONNE], puis [PERSONNE], la contribution nationale au plan Écophyto – on en est maintenant au plan Écopyhto 2+ – est de 41 millions d’euros, à quoi s’ajoutent 30 millions au niveau régional. Les parlementaires doivent avoir un rôle de suivi. Monsieur Benoit, la loi de 2016 a permis de mettre fin à l’utilisation de 92 % des néonicotinoïdes. Je ne minimise nullement les problèmes que pose la dérogation à cette interdiction pour les cultures betteravières. Vous noterez d’ailleurs que je n’ai jamais utilisé l’argument environnemental, même si l’on m’a prêté des propos que je n’ai pas tenus. J’en appelle à votre sagesse de parlementaire. Mettez-vous à ma place : pouvez-vous imaginer un seul instant que si j’avais connaissance d’une solution, je serais devant vous aujourd’hui ? À l’évidence, non. Vous avez cité le président Chirac. On lui prête aussi ces mots – même si je crois qu’ils sont en réalité de Richelieu : « La politique, c’est de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire. » Oui, il est nécessaire de sortir des néonicotinoïdes, mais l’humilité m’oblige à dire que la filière de la betterave, à l’heure qu’il est, n’est pas encore prête pour cette transition. La question n’est pas celle du rendement des sucreries ou de l’outil industriel. La question, c’est celle que se pose individuellement chaque planteur. Depuis vingt ou vingt-cinq ans, les betteraviers ne font plus de la monoculture : la plupart d’entre eux font 10, 15 ou 20 % de betterave. Ils ont donc le choix, dans leur assolement, de mettre de la betterave ou des céréales. Aujourd’hui, si vous étiez betteravier, vous ne planteriez pas de betterave, d’abord à cause de ce puceron, ensuite parce que, contrairement à ce qui a été dit, il n’existe aucun moyen d’indemniser les agriculteurs à 100 % au titre de la jaunisse. Je peux vous dire, en tant qu’ingénieur agronome, que lorsqu’un agriculteur voit l’une de ses cultures dépérir, ça le prend aux tripes. En plus, il perd de l’argent. S’il a la possibilité de semer une céréale plutôt que de la betterave, c’est le choix qu’il fera ! N’importe qui, parmi nous, ferait le même choix s’il était dans cette situation. La difficulté, c’est que cette décision individuelle a des effets en cascade : le volume qui arrive à la sucrerie diminue et c’est tout l’appareil industriel qui est mis à mal et qui risque de fermer. Or, le jour où il n’y aura plus de sucrerie, il n’y aura plus de plantations de betteraves. Comme j’ai l’intime conviction que nous allons quand même continuer à manger du sucre, nous allons donc devoir importer du sucre polonais, belge et allemand. La politique, c’est l’art de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire, mais en reconnaissant avec humilité les moments où l’on se trouve dans une impasse. Il faut du courage pour le reconnaître et je salue les députés qui auront le courage de soutenir ce projet de loi. Il est beaucoup plus facile d’être dans l’injonction ou dans l’incantation et de répéter qu’il suffirait de faire autre chose. Mais lorsque cette « autre chose » n’existe pas, ces discours n’ont aucun sens ! Pour que la filière de la betterave réalise sa transition agroécologique, il faut passer un cap difficile, qui pourra durer quelques années, le temps que la recherche trouve une solution. À cet égard, je partage votre point de vue, Monsieur Becht. Madame Taurine, vous avez qualifié mes propos de mensongers. Nous avons beaucoup travaillé ensemble sur la question du logement, je sais que vous êtes une femme de dossier, alors tenons-nous en, s’il vous plaît, au fond du débat et à l’échange d’arguments. J’ai, pour ma part, un problème de fond avec l’argument que certains membres de votre groupe ont exposé hier et que vous venez de reprendre. Il consiste à dire que, puisque la France exporte la moitié du sucre qu’elle produit, une chute de rendement ne serait pas un gros problème, puisqu’il suffirait de ne plus exporter. J’avoue que cette vision de l’économie me dépasse un peu. J’ai suggéré hier à vos collègues [PERSONNE] et Loïc Prud’homme de se rendre sur les sites industriels de Renault et PSA pour expliquer aux salariés que le plus simple, du point de vue écologique, c’est d’arrêter d’exporter des voitures. Je ne suis pas sûr que vous recevrez un accueil très chaleureux. La question n’est pas de savoir ce qui va se passer à la sortie des sucreries sur le plan économique. La question qui nous réunit aujourd’hui est la suivante : comment convaincre les betteraviers de planter de la betterave dans notre pays pour que toute la chaîne puisse tenir ? Madame Batho, vous assénez depuis hier soir le même argument : il existerait des solutions. Le fait de le répéter n’en fait pas une vérité. Je l’ai dit, en politique, il faut parfois savoir reconnaître qu’on se trouve dans une impasse. L’INRAe dit lui-même qu’il n’existe, à l’heure actuelle, aucune solution – qu’elle soit financière, agronomique ou culturale. Si une solution existait, je ne serais pas devant vous cet après-midi. Je rappelle en effet que je ne peux utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen que parce qu’il n’existe aucune alternative. Si une alternative existait, ce projet de loi serait caduc, et vous le savez très bien. Vous dites que la filière de la betterave à sucre souffre moins du puceron, que de la fin des quotas européens. Permettez-moi de rappeler que la fin des quotas a été votée en décembre 2013 : on ne peut pas m’en tenir pour responsable. Monsieur Orphelin, l’indemnisation de la filière est évidemment la première solution que nous avons envisagée. Nous nous sommes immédiatement demandé s’il était possible de mettre l’ensemble de la filière sous perfusion en attendant de trouver une solution agronomique ou culturale. Hélas, le règlement européen nous interdit d’indemniser nos betteraviers à 100 %. Vous avez évoqué le FMSE : le problème, c’est que l’État ne peut y contribuer qu’à hauteur de 65 %. Je vous invite, une fois encore, à vous mettre à la place d’un betteravier : si l’on vous dit que vous devrez financer vous-même le potentiel risque à hauteur de 35 %, vous planterez autre chose ! Vous pouvez continuer d’asséner qu’une solution existe, mais ce n’est pas vrai. S’il était possible de mettre les gens sous perfusion financière le temps de trouver une solution, j’aurais été le premier à le faire. Le problème, c’est que les règles de la concurrence et du marché commun au niveau européen ne permettent pas à un État de soutenir une filière à 100 %. Monsieur Falorni, je ne minimise en rien les conséquences de la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes, mais si nous voulons accompagner la filière de la betterave dans la transition agroenvironnementale, encore faut-il que cette filière continuer d’exister ! Il faut avoir le courage de reconnaître qu’à l’heure actuelle, cette filière n’est pas prête pour la transition. Dès que nous aurons une solution, nous la mettrons en œuvre et nous pourrons continuer de produire du sucre français. Monsieur Letchimy, je connais votre engagement sur la question de la chlordécone et je répète que je ne minimise pas l’impact de la mesure que nous prenons. L’écologie que nous appelons de nos vœux est-elle une écologie du « chacun pour soi » ou une écologie solidaire ? J’ai été surpris d’entendre certains d’entre vous dire que, dans le pire des cas, on n’avait qu’à arrêter de produire du sucre en France et que ce ne serait pas si grave. Mais si on arrête de produire du sucre dans notre pays et qu’on continue d’en consommer, il va bien falloir en importer ! L’écologie a-t-elle des frontières ? Importer du sucre de pays qui ne respectent en rien notre agroécologie, n’est-ce pas un problème ? Dans ce débat, il y a ceux qui pensent qu’il suffit de dire qu’une solution existe pour qu’elle existe et ceux qui, parce qu’ils ont compris qu’elle n’existe pas, déplacent simplement le problème dans d’autre pays ! Cette écologie du « chacun pour soi », cette écologie qui n’est pas solidaire, ce n’est pas celle que je souhaite pour notre société. Monsieur Di Filippo, vous avez évoqué plusieurs alternatives et je pense effectivement que la solution viendra de la combinaison de trois facteurs : la recherche de nouvelles semences, le volet agroécologique, autour du biocontrôle, et l’évolution des pratiques culturales."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p486",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "486",
    "487",
    "488",
    "489"
   ],
   "order": 486,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, pour la qualité de notre débat, je propose que certains arguments soient définitivement écartés. Vous ne pouvez pas continuer à agiter le spectre d’une pénurie de sucre, alors que la récolte de l’année 2020 va être à peu près équivalente à celle de l’année 2015, dont la moitié avait été exportée. Par ailleurs, vous avez dit à plusieurs reprises que la loi de 2016 avait mis fin à 92 % des usages des néonicotinoïdes, alors qu’elle les a totalement interdits. Elle a même été complétée par la loi de 2017 : au cours de son examen, Jean-Baptiste Moreau avait justement rappelé aux agriculteurs qu’il ne peut pas y avoir d’agriculture sans pollinisateurs Vous annoncez un plan de pollinisation, mais les pollinisateurs ne sont pas des syndicalistes ! Vous ne pouvez pas négocier avec eux un plan de pollinisation en échange de la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ! Si vous voulez vraiment aider les pollinisateurs, il faut tout simplement renoncer aux néonicotinoïdes. Je regrette que personne, dans ce débat, ne soit revenu sur la question du changement climatique, car ce qui nous arrive en est la conséquence. Or celui-ci va hélas s’accélérer. Le cocktail associant l’effondrement de la biodiversité et l’accélération du changement climatique est destructeur pour notre agriculture, pour notre souveraineté alimentaire et pour la sécurité d’un certain nombre de filières. Et votre seule réaction, face à ce cocktail destructeur, c’est de réintroduire de la chimie et de fermer les yeux ? Aujourd’hui, vous cédez à la filière de la betterave, demain vous céderez à d’autres filières, et c’est une catastrophe. Non seulement on prend du retard, mais on aggrave les problèmes. Oui, Monsieur le ministre, des alternatives existent. Elles sont minoritaires, puisqu’elles ne représentent que 1 000 hectares, mais elles existent. Il faut donc arrêter de dire qu’on est dans une impasse et qu’on ne peut rien faire.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 311,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p486",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N129b95577364",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, pour la qualité de notre débat, je propose que certains arguments soient définitivement écartés. Vous ne pouvez pas continuer à agiter le spectre d’une pénurie de sucre, alors que la récolte de l’année 2020 va être à peu près équivalente à celle de l’année 2015, dont la moitié avait été exportée. Par ailleurs, vous avez dit à plusieurs reprises que la loi de 2016 avait mis fin à 92 % des usages des néonicotinoïdes, alors qu’elle les a totalement interdits. Elle a même été complétée par la loi de 2017 : au cours de son examen, [PERSONNE] avait justement rappelé aux agriculteurs qu’il ne peut pas y avoir d’agriculture sans pollinisateurs Vous annoncez un plan de pollinisation, mais les pollinisateurs ne sont pas des syndicalistes ! Vous ne pouvez pas négocier avec eux un plan de pollinisation en échange de la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ! Si vous voulez vraiment aider les pollinisateurs, il faut tout simplement renoncer aux néonicotinoïdes. Je regrette que personne, dans ce débat, ne soit revenu sur la question du changement climatique, car ce qui nous arrive en est la conséquence. Or celui-ci va hélas s’accélérer. Le cocktail associant l’effondrement de la biodiversité et l’accélération du changement climatique est destructeur pour notre agriculture, pour notre souveraineté alimentaire et pour la sécurité d’un certain nombre de filières. Et votre seule réaction, face à ce cocktail destructeur, c’est de réintroduire de la chimie et de fermer les yeux ? Aujourd’hui, vous cédez à la filière de la betterave, demain vous céderez à d’autres filières, et c’est une catastrophe. Non seulement on prend du retard, mais on aggrave les problèmes. Oui, Monsieur le ministre, des alternatives existent. Elles sont minoritaires, puisqu’elles ne représentent que 1 000 hectares, mais elles existent. Il faut donc arrêter de dire qu’on est dans une impasse et qu’on ne peut rien faire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p490",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "490",
    "491",
    "492",
    "493"
   ],
   "order": 490,
   "text": "Emmanuel Macron avait dit qu’avec lui, il n’y aurait pas de lois de circonstance. Quand il y a eu des manifestations, on a fait la loi anticasseurs ; aujourd’hui, il y a un puceron, et on fait une loi contre le puceron. C’est un constat d’échec Les scientifiques sont unanimes pour dire que les néonicotinoïdes sont une catastrophe pour l’environnement 7 000 fois plus puissante que le DDT, qui a été interdit en France il y a des années. C’est une véritable bombe atomique, puisque seulement 20 % du produit reste dans la plante et que les 80 % restants partent dans les sols, l’eau et les nappes phréatiques. L’association interprofessionnelle de la betterave et du sucre (AIBS) a indiqué, dans le plan de prévention qu’elle a remis le 22 septembre, que les pertes représentaient 15 % de la production. Cela signifie que 85 % des cultures ne sont pas impactées. C’est donc pour préserver 15 % des cultures seulement que nous allons introduire une véritable bombe dans nos sols, sans nous soucier des générations futures ? Les 65 % d’aides de l’État ne suffiraient-elles pas à compenser ces 15 % de pertes ? Je rappelle que le mot « betterave » n’apparaît pas dans le projet de loi qui nous est soumis. Il y a quelques jours, soixante-dix jeunes agriculteurs sont venus à mon domicile pendant la nuit, en disant que s’attaquer aux néonicotinoïdes, c’était s’attaquer à l’agriculture. Chez moi, on cultive du colza, de la moutarde et nombre de filières sont, elles aussi, en difficulté. Alors que, partout en France, on signe des contrats de transition écologique pour accompagner chacune de nos filières en tenant compte de ses spécificités, vous envoyez un très mauvais signal. Dans trois ans, que va-t-il se passer ? L’un de nos collègues, ici présent, qui est agriculteur, a affirmé que trois ans ne suffiraient pas à régler le problème. Pour toutes ces raisons, je propose de supprimer cet article.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 326,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p490",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N95710e615bc2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMV",
   "s": "AR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "[PERSONNE] avait dit qu’avec lui, il n’y aurait pas de lois de circonstance. Quand il y a eu des manifestations, on a fait la loi anticasseurs ; aujourd’hui, il y a un puceron, et on fait une loi contre le puceron. C’est un constat d’échec Les scientifiques sont unanimes pour dire que les néonicotinoïdes sont une catastrophe pour l’environnement 7 000 fois plus puissante que le DDT, qui a été interdit en France il y a des années. C’est une véritable bombe atomique, puisque seulement 20 % du produit reste dans la plante et que les 80 % restants partent dans les sols, l’eau et les nappes phréatiques. L’association interprofessionnelle de la betterave et du sucre (AIBS) a indiqué, dans le plan de prévention qu’elle a remis le 22 septembre, que les pertes représentaient 15 % de la production. Cela signifie que 85 % des cultures ne sont pas impactées. C’est donc pour préserver 15 % des cultures seulement que nous allons introduire une véritable bombe dans nos sols, sans nous soucier des générations futures ? Les 65 % d’aides de l’État ne suffiraient-elles pas à compenser ces 15 % de pertes ? Je rappelle que le mot « betterave » n’apparaît pas dans le projet de loi qui nous est soumis. Il y a quelques jours, soixante-dix jeunes agriculteurs sont venus à mon domicile pendant la nuit, en disant que s’attaquer aux néonicotinoïdes, c’était s’attaquer à l’agriculture. Chez moi, on cultive du colza, de la moutarde et nombre de filières sont, elles aussi, en difficulté. Alors que, partout en France, on signe des contrats de transition écologique pour accompagner chacune de nos filières en tenant compte de ses spécificités, vous envoyez un très mauvais signal. Dans trois ans, que va-t-il se passer ? L’un de nos collègues, ici présent, qui est agriculteur, a affirmé que trois ans ne suffiraient pas à régler le problème. Pour toutes ces raisons, je propose de supprimer cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p494",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "494",
    "495"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "Je veux d’abord vous remercier, Monsieur le ministre, d’avoir dénoncé hier l’intrusion qu’a subie à son domicile notre collègue Yolaine de Courson. J’aurais aimé que la présidente de la Fédération nationale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles (FNSEA) prenne elle aussi position. Pour ma part, je dénonce bien volontiers, à chaque fois qu’elle me le demande, les messages antispécistes que des militants inscrivent sur les exploitations agricoles de notre beau département du Maine-et-Loire Si je demande la suppression de cet article unique, c’est parce que rien n’indique qu’il ne s’appliquera qu’à la betterave. Vous avez certes pris des engagements oraux, Monsieur le ministre, mais vous comprendrez qu’après trois ans de mandat, au cours desquels nous avons entendu tout et son contraire sur de nombreux sujets – le glyphosate, mais aussi l’interdiction de produire en France des pesticides interdits à la vente dans notre pays, sans parler des tentatives de régression du Gouvernement à chaque projet de loi de finances sur l’huile de palme –, nous ne pouvons pas nous contenter d’un engagement oral. Dans sa rédaction actuelle, ce projet de loi concerne toutes les filières et, dès les auditions, certaines d’entre elles ont demandé des dérogations. C’est pourquoi il convient selon nous de supprimer cet article.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 204,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p494",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3a7ce13b526e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux d’abord vous remercier, Monsieur le ministre, d’avoir dénoncé hier l’intrusion qu’a subie à son domicile notre collègue [PERSONNE]. J’aurais aimé que la présidente de la Fédération nationale des syndicats d’exploitants agricoles (FNSEA) prenne elle aussi position. Pour ma part, je dénonce bien volontiers, à chaque fois qu’elle me le demande, les messages antispécistes que des militants inscrivent sur les exploitations agricoles de notre beau département du Maine-et-Loire Si je demande la suppression de cet article unique, c’est parce que rien n’indique qu’il ne s’appliquera qu’à la betterave. Vous avez certes pris des engagements oraux, Monsieur le ministre, mais vous comprendrez qu’après trois ans de mandat, au cours desquels nous avons entendu tout et son contraire sur de nombreux sujets – le glyphosate, mais aussi l’interdiction de produire en France des pesticides interdits à la vente dans notre pays, sans parler des tentatives de régression du Gouvernement à chaque projet de loi de finances sur l’huile de palme –, nous ne pouvons pas nous contenter d’un engagement oral. Dans sa rédaction actuelle, ce projet de loi concerne toutes les filières et, dès les auditions, certaines d’entre elles ont demandé des dérogations. C’est pourquoi il convient selon nous de supprimer cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p496",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "496"
   ],
   "order": 496,
   "text": "L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, qui a été votée en 2016, est un acquis précieux pour la préservation de l’environnement. Accorder une dérogation aux producteurs de betteraves n’est pas une bonne solution. En effet, elle ne sera pas efficace pour sauver ce secteur, mais elle sera très efficace pour détruire les écosystèmes. C’est pourquoi nous demandons la suppression de cet article",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p496",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N066ffeefbd82",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, qui a été votée en 2016, est un acquis précieux pour la préservation de l’environnement. Accorder une dérogation aux producteurs de betteraves n’est pas une bonne solution. En effet, elle ne sera pas efficace pour sauver ce secteur, mais elle sera très efficace pour détruire les écosystèmes. C’est pourquoi nous demandons la suppression de cet article"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "497",
    "498",
    "499",
    "500"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, le courage, ce pourrait être de trouver à tout prix, dans les heures ou les jours qui viennent, une forme de compensation et d’accompagnement économiques de la filière, sans régresser sur le plan écologique Si l’État peut compenser 65 % des 15 ou 20 % de pertes, seuls 5 à 10 % des pertes ne seront pas compensés. Je suis certain que des mesures agroenvironnementales territoriales, le plan HVE que vous allez financer dans le cadre du plan de relance, ainsi que d’autres investissements industriels permettront de sortir de cette crise par le haut et que nous pourrons arriver à 100 % de compensation et d’accompagnement pour cette filière. Le courage, ce pourrait être de continuer à chercher une solution d’accompagnement économique qui soit digne des producteurs – et je ne fais pas de distinction entre les producteurs des sucreries et les producteurs de betteraves eux-mêmes. Pour revenir au plan Écophyto, la mise à l’écart des parlementaires n’est pas le seul problème. Ce qui est problématique, c’est que l’on imagine de créer des comités ad hoc dès qu’il y a un problème – hier avec le glyphosate, aujourd’hui avec les néonicotinoïdes – alors que nous avons un plan stratégique global. Il faut réinstaurer une gouvernance et une politique publique de prévention à la hauteur des enjeux. Sinon, nous irons de crise en crise. La disparition des pollinisateurs a un coût économique considérable, que l’on évalue à 150 milliards. Mais la mesure que vous prenez nuit aussi à la réputation et à l’image du monde paysan. En accédant aux demandes pressantes d’une filière, nous ne rendons pas service à l’ensemble de l’agriculture. Nous nuisons à l’image que, depuis plusieurs années, elle essaie de forger dans l’opinion publique, en s’engageant dans la transition écologique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 295,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p497",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N651eba9a6259",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, le courage, ce pourrait être de trouver à tout prix, dans les heures ou les jours qui viennent, une forme de compensation et d’accompagnement économiques de la filière, sans régresser sur le plan écologique Si l’État peut compenser 65 % des 15 ou 20 % de pertes, seuls 5 à 10 % des pertes ne seront pas compensés. Je suis certain que des mesures agroenvironnementales territoriales, le plan HVE que vous allez financer dans le cadre du plan de relance, ainsi que d’autres investissements industriels permettront de sortir de cette crise par le haut et que nous pourrons arriver à 100 % de compensation et d’accompagnement pour cette filière. Le courage, ce pourrait être de continuer à chercher une solution d’accompagnement économique qui soit digne des producteurs – et je ne fais pas de distinction entre les producteurs des sucreries et les producteurs de betteraves eux-mêmes. Pour revenir au plan Écophyto, la mise à l’écart des parlementaires n’est pas le seul problème. Ce qui est problématique, c’est que l’on imagine de créer des comités ad hoc dès qu’il y a un problème – hier avec le glyphosate, aujourd’hui avec les néonicotinoïdes – alors que nous avons un plan stratégique global. Il faut réinstaurer une gouvernance et une politique publique de prévention à la hauteur des enjeux. Sinon, nous irons de crise en crise. La disparition des pollinisateurs a un coût économique considérable, que l’on évalue à 150 milliards. Mais la mesure que vous prenez nuit aussi à la réputation et à l’image du monde paysan. En accédant aux demandes pressantes d’une filière, nous ne rendons pas service à l’ensemble de l’agriculture. Nous nuisons à l’image que, depuis plusieurs années, elle essaie de forger dans l’opinion publique, en s’engageant dans la transition écologique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605694",
   "speaker": "Olivier Falorni",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Falorni.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p501",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "501"
   ],
   "order": 501,
   "text": "J’ai déjà exposé toutes les raisons qui me poussent à demander la suppression de cet article unique, et qui pousseront probablement la grande majorité de mon groupe à voter contre ce texte. J’ajoute qu’il est inutile de nous faire le coup de l’urgence puisque, en raison de leurs modalités d’application, les néonicotinoïdes ne seront d’aucun secours cette année",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p501",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na16566dac3c0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai déjà exposé toutes les raisons qui me poussent à demander la suppression de cet article unique, et qui pousseront probablement la grande majorité de mon groupe à voter contre ce texte. J’ajoute qu’il est inutile de nous faire le coup de l’urgence puisque, en raison de leurs modalités d’application, les néonicotinoïdes ne seront d’aucun secours cette année"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "502",
    "503"
   ],
   "order": 502,
   "text": "Mes chers collègues, je vous ai écoutés attentivement. Aucun de vous n’a évoqué les 46 000 emplois de la filière, dont la disparition ne serait peut-être pour vous que l’un des effets collatéraux du rejet de ce texte. Vous ne parlez pas du fait que, lorsqu’un agriculteur cultive de la betterave, 80 % du résultat net de son exploitation sont dus à cette culture. Vous ne dites rien non plus de ce que souhaitent les agriculteurs. Vous ne dites pas que la vie d’un agriculteur consiste à semer, récolter, transformer, être fier de ce qu’il fait et vivre dignement de son travail. Un agriculteur ne demande pas un chèque, et c’est ce que vous lui proposez. Vous omettez en outre de dire que, derrière ce chèque, il faut une taxe… Pour toutes ces raisons, j’émettrai un avis défavorable sur ces amendements Vous ne dites rien non plus de votre vision de la transition agroécologique. Élargissons la focale et remontons un peu dans le temps : en 2016, on a réuni tout le monde dans une salle, on a décidé d’interdire les néonicotinoïdes et on s’est donné rendez-vous quatre ans plus tard, sans aucun suivi. C’est ainsi que les choses se sont passées, au détour d’un amendement et sans aucune étude d’impact ! Aujourd’hui, il faut s’occuper du dernier de la classe – car la filière betteravière est bien le dernier de la classe. Elle n’a sans doute pas assez travaillé, c’est vrai, mais on ne peut pas la laisser sur le côté. Avec ce texte, nous allons accompagner la filière, tout en lui mettant la pression. Nous allons l’aider à se battre pour venir à bout des 8 % de néonicotinoïdes encore utilisés. C’est notre devoir et c’est cela, le courage politique !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 293,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p502",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf35d21a26d4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mes chers collègues, je vous ai écoutés attentivement. Aucun de vous n’a évoqué les 46 000 emplois de la filière, dont la disparition ne serait peut-être pour vous que l’un des effets collatéraux du rejet de ce texte. Vous ne parlez pas du fait que, lorsqu’un agriculteur cultive de la betterave, 80 % du résultat net de son exploitation sont dus à cette culture. Vous ne dites rien non plus de ce que souhaitent les agriculteurs. Vous ne dites pas que la vie d’un agriculteur consiste à semer, récolter, transformer, être fier de ce qu’il fait et vivre dignement de son travail. Un agriculteur ne demande pas un chèque, et c’est ce que vous lui proposez. Vous omettez en outre de dire que, derrière ce chèque, il faut une taxe… Pour toutes ces raisons, j’émettrai un avis défavorable sur ces amendements Vous ne dites rien non plus de votre vision de la transition agroécologique. Élargissons la focale et remontons un peu dans le temps : en 2016, on a réuni tout le monde dans une salle, on a décidé d’interdire les néonicotinoïdes et on s’est donné rendez-vous quatre ans plus tard, sans aucun suivi. C’est ainsi que les choses se sont passées, au détour d’un amendement et sans aucune étude d’impact ! Aujourd’hui, il faut s’occuper du dernier de la classe – car la filière betteravière est bien le dernier de la classe. Elle n’a sans doute pas assez travaillé, c’est vrai, mais on ne peut pas la laisser sur le côté. Avec ce texte, nous allons accompagner la filière, tout en lui mettant la pression. Nous allons l’aider à se battre pour venir à bout des 8 % de néonicotinoïdes encore utilisés. C’est notre devoir et c’est cela, le courage politique !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p504",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "504",
    "505",
    "506",
    "507",
    "508"
   ],
   "order": 504,
   "text": "Je suis moi aussi défavorable à ces amendements Madame la ministre Batho, je crois que si nos pensées n’arrivent pas à se rejoindre, c’est parce que vous raisonnez à partir des débouchés de la filière – vous dites en substance que, les pertes étant peu importantes, on ne manquera pas de sucre. Ce que je vous demande, c’est de vous mettre à la place d’un agriculteur : que feriez-vous à la place d’un agriculteur ? Aujourd’hui, notre droit ne nous permet pas d’imposer à un agriculteur de semer de la betterave – et je crois que c’est une très bonne chose. Or la monoculture betteravière, qui existait il y a encore vingtaine d’années, a disparu : les agriculteurs qui cultivent de la betterave n’y consacrent que 15 à 20 % de leur exploitation. Ils ont donc la liberté du choix. Ce n’est pas du libéralisme : c’est la liberté de choisir ce qu’ils veulent planter. Or nous devons nous assurer que les agriculteurs vont bien planter de la betterave cette année car s’ils ne le font pas, ce sont nos sucreries qui fermeront l’année prochaine, et vous pourrez dire adieu à toute la filière de la betterave. Je vous le répète : mettez-vous à la place d’un agriculteur, au lieu de multiplier les injonctions. Plusieurs d’entre vous ont soulevé la question de la compensation financière. Nous avons déjà beaucoup réfléchi à cette question et je suis prêt à continuer à le faire, mais il y a plusieurs difficultés. D’abord, le FMSE est financé à 65 % par l’État et à 35 % par les agriculteurs eux-mêmes. Ensuite, les betteraviers ne cotisent pas à ce fonds. Enfin, la maladie de la jaunisse n’est pas éligible à ce fonds. Il faudrait donc modifier les règles à Bruxelles, ce qui est compliqué et ne pourra pas se faire cette année. Il existe une autre difficulté, que M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau a bien expliquée. Cette année, il existe un gradient très fort de la maladie du Sud vers le Nord. L’année dernière, il était moins prononcé et il allait de l’Est vers l’Ouest. Autrement dit, l’état de la science ne permet de prévoir ni le lieu ni l’époque où ces pucerons attaquent. Si je suis bien votre raisonnement, Monsieur Potier, vous dites que si 35 % des pertes sont à la charge de l’agriculteur, mais que ces pertes ne représentent que 20 % de sa production, alors il n’a en réalité que 5 % de pertes. Le problème, c’est que certains d’entre eux peuvent avoir 50 % de pertes. À vous, je ne vais pas demander de vous mettre à la place d’un agriculteur … Nous avons vraiment essayé de trouver une solution, mais je crois qu’il n’y en a pas.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 456,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p504",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N747156b20bac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis moi aussi défavorable à ces amendements Madame la ministre Batho, je crois que si nos pensées n’arrivent pas à se rejoindre, c’est parce que vous raisonnez à partir des débouchés de la filière – vous dites en substance que, les pertes étant peu importantes, on ne manquera pas de sucre. Ce que je vous demande, c’est de vous mettre à la place d’un agriculteur : que feriez-vous à la place d’un agriculteur ? Aujourd’hui, notre droit ne nous permet pas d’imposer à un agriculteur de semer de la betterave – et je crois que c’est une très bonne chose. Or la monoculture betteravière, qui existait il y a encore vingtaine d’années, a disparu : les agriculteurs qui cultivent de la betterave n’y consacrent que 15 à 20 % de leur exploitation. Ils ont donc la liberté du choix. Ce n’est pas du libéralisme : c’est la liberté de choisir ce qu’ils veulent planter. Or nous devons nous assurer que les agriculteurs vont bien planter de la betterave cette année car s’ils ne le font pas, ce sont nos sucreries qui fermeront l’année prochaine, et vous pourrez dire adieu à toute la filière de la betterave. Je vous le répète : mettez-vous à la place d’un agriculteur, au lieu de multiplier les injonctions. Plusieurs d’entre vous ont soulevé la question de la compensation financière. Nous avons déjà beaucoup réfléchi à cette question et je suis prêt à continuer à le faire, mais il y a plusieurs difficultés. D’abord, le FMSE est financé à 65 % par l’État et à 35 % par les agriculteurs eux-mêmes. Ensuite, les betteraviers ne cotisent pas à ce fonds. Enfin, la maladie de la jaunisse n’est pas éligible à ce fonds. Il faudrait donc modifier les règles à Bruxelles, ce qui est compliqué et ne pourra pas se faire cette année. Il existe une autre difficulté, que M. [PERSONNE] a bien expliquée. Cette année, il existe un gradient très fort de la maladie du Sud vers le Nord. L’année dernière, il était moins prononcé et il allait de l’Est vers l’Ouest. Autrement dit, l’état de la science ne permet de prévoir ni le lieu ni l’époque où ces pucerons attaquent. Si je suis bien votre raisonnement, Monsieur Potier, vous dites que si 35 % des pertes sont à la charge de l’agriculteur, mais que ces pertes ne représentent que 20 % de sa production, alors il n’a en réalité que 5 % de pertes. Le problème, c’est que certains d’entre eux peuvent avoir 50 % de pertes. À vous, je ne vais pas demander de vous mettre à la place d’un agriculteur … Nous avons vraiment essayé de trouver une solution, mais je crois qu’il n’y en a pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p509",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "509",
    "510",
    "511"
   ],
   "order": 509,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, je vous prie de ne pas tomber dans la caricature, car nos débats méritent mieux que cela. Le discours selon lequel les écologistes seraient contre l’emploi est certes très à la mode, mais il est vraiment trop caricatural. Veillons à garder un débat de bonne tenue Nous proposons une couverture des pertes à 100 % : 65 % par l’État et 35 % par les cotisations des agriculteurs. En moyenne, cette cotisation représente aujourd’hui 20 euros par exploitant. Pour couvrir le risque que représente la jaunisse, il suffirait d’augmenter de quelques dizaines d’euros le montant de la cotisation – on resterait bien loin du coût des néonicotinoïdes. Vous avez fait le choix d’écarter cette solution, Monsieur le ministre, mais nous aurions souhaité qu’elle figure dans l’étude d’impact. Nous avons donc écrit au Président de l’Assemblée nationale pour lui indiquer que l’étude d’impact, sur les volets environnementaux et économiques, nous semblait incomplète. La discussion que notre collègue Dominique Potier a ouverte mériterait d’être approfondie, car il existe effectivement des solutions. Vous avez-vous-même évoqué la possibilité de renégocier, au niveau européen, le champ d’application du FMSE : c’est donc qu’il existe une solution économique, qui permettrait aux planteurs de planter des betteraves l’année prochaine.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 205,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p509",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nce6fe4697705",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, je vous prie de ne pas tomber dans la caricature, car nos débats méritent mieux que cela. Le discours selon lequel les écologistes seraient contre l’emploi est certes très à la mode, mais il est vraiment trop caricatural. Veillons à garder un débat de bonne tenue Nous proposons une couverture des pertes à 100 % : 65 % par l’État et 35 % par les cotisations des agriculteurs. En moyenne, cette cotisation représente aujourd’hui 20 euros par exploitant. Pour couvrir le risque que représente la jaunisse, il suffirait d’augmenter de quelques dizaines d’euros le montant de la cotisation – on resterait bien loin du coût des néonicotinoïdes. Vous avez fait le choix d’écarter cette solution, Monsieur le ministre, mais nous aurions souhaité qu’elle figure dans l’étude d’impact. Nous avons donc écrit au Président de l’Assemblée nationale pour lui indiquer que l’étude d’impact, sur les volets environnementaux et économiques, nous semblait incomplète. La discussion que notre collègue [PERSONNE] a ouverte mériterait d’être approfondie, car il existe effectivement des solutions. Vous avez-vous-même évoqué la possibilité de renégocier, au niveau européen, le champ d’application du FMSE : c’est donc qu’il existe une solution économique, qui permettrait aux planteurs de planter des betteraves l’année prochaine."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p512",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "512",
    "513",
    "514",
    "515"
   ],
   "order": 512,
   "text": "Je veux d’abord assurer notre collègue Yolaine de Courson de mon soutien : ce qu’elle a subi est absolument insupportable Je n’ai entendu que des choses justes au cours de la discussion générale. Il est vrai que la betterave subit à la fois une baisse des prix, les conséquences de la sécheresse et l’attaque du puceron. Je partage aussi le constat de l’effondrement de la biodiversité : chaque jour nous le confirme. L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes en 2016 a été un acte fort. Il ne s’agit pas aujourd’hui de revenir sur cette décision, mais d’admettre qu’elle a été prématurée pour une petite partie de nos cultures : remettons bien les choses en perspective. S’agissant des moyens de compenser les pertes, il faut bien avoir à l’esprit que l’outil industriel de la betterave est assez spécifique. Si l’on a des pertes dans la culture du blé, on peut les compenser, car le blé se transporte très bien, étant relativement peu volumineux. La betterave, en revanche, est très difficile à transporter et doit donc se trouver à proximité de l’outil industriel. Si, dans un secteur, les sucreries disparaissent, alors la culture de la betterave disparaîtra, elle aussi.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 194,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p512",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2ece57009c3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux d’abord assurer notre collègue [PERSONNE] de mon soutien : ce qu’elle a subi est absolument insupportable Je n’ai entendu que des choses justes au cours de la discussion générale. Il est vrai que la betterave subit à la fois une baisse des prix, les conséquences de la sécheresse et l’attaque du puceron. Je partage aussi le constat de l’effondrement de la biodiversité : chaque jour nous le confirme. L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes en 2016 a été un acte fort. Il ne s’agit pas aujourd’hui de revenir sur cette décision, mais d’admettre qu’elle a été prématurée pour une petite partie de nos cultures : remettons bien les choses en perspective. S’agissant des moyens de compenser les pertes, il faut bien avoir à l’esprit que l’outil industriel de la betterave est assez spécifique. Si l’on a des pertes dans la culture du blé, on peut les compenser, car le blé se transporte très bien, étant relativement peu volumineux. La betterave, en revanche, est très difficile à transporter et doit donc se trouver à proximité de l’outil industriel. Si, dans un secteur, les sucreries disparaissent, alors la culture de la betterave disparaîtra, elle aussi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p516",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "516",
    "517",
    "518",
    "519"
   ],
   "order": 516,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, ce ne sont pas les emplois que vous défendez, mais bien les intérêts des industriels du sucre. Lorsque des emplois ont été supprimés dans les quatre sucreries françaises qui ont fermé du fait de la disparition des quotas européens, je ne vous ai pas entendu crier Où sont les engagements des industriels du sucre quant au maintien des emplois, en contrepartie de votre projet de loi sur les néonicotinoïdes ? Nulle part ! Ce sont de faux engagements, comme ceux de General Electric par le passé ; et plus tard, vous n’aurez que vos yeux pour pleurer, car cette filière est confrontée à des problèmes structurels qui vont bien au-delà d’un problème de pucerons. N’oublions pas ensuite que la betterave, c’est une culture sous contrat. Or, lorsqu’il se retrouve à essuyer des pertes, l’agriculteur n’est pas indemnisé ; ce n’est pas acceptable. Que la filière betterave-sucre ne cotise pas au FMSE, ce n’est pas acceptable non plus ; que la jaunisse de la betterave ne figure pas sur la liste des maladies ouvrant droit, cela ne l’est pas davantage. Dans de telles conditions, je comprends que des agriculteurs ne veuillent pas continuer à planter des betteraves. Ils doivent donc être indemnisés. Mais les agriculteurs doivent également bénéficier d’une garantie de revenus en cas de changement de pratique culturale. S’agissant d’une culture sous contrat, c’est tout à fait possible : c’est ce que l’on a fait avec le maïs en Italie. Je ne vois pas pourquoi on ne pourrait pas le faire en France pour la betterave.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 259,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p516",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N88e0041880bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EIM",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, ce ne sont pas les emplois que vous défendez, mais bien les intérêts des industriels du sucre. Lorsque des emplois ont été supprimés dans les quatre sucreries françaises qui ont fermé du fait de la disparition des quotas européens, je ne vous ai pas entendu crier Où sont les engagements des industriels du sucre quant au maintien des emplois, en contrepartie de votre projet de loi sur les néonicotinoïdes ? Nulle part ! Ce sont de faux engagements, comme ceux de General Electric par le passé ; et plus tard, vous n’aurez que vos yeux pour pleurer, car cette filière est confrontée à des problèmes structurels qui vont bien au-delà d’un problème de pucerons. N’oublions pas ensuite que la betterave, c’est une culture sous contrat. Or, lorsqu’il se retrouve à essuyer des pertes, l’agriculteur n’est pas indemnisé ; ce n’est pas acceptable. Que la filière betterave-sucre ne cotise pas au FMSE, ce n’est pas acceptable non plus ; que la jaunisse de la betterave ne figure pas sur la liste des maladies ouvrant droit, cela ne l’est pas davantage. Dans de telles conditions, je comprends que des agriculteurs ne veuillent pas continuer à planter des betteraves. Ils doivent donc être indemnisés. Mais les agriculteurs doivent également bénéficier d’une garantie de revenus en cas de changement de pratique culturale. S’agissant d’une culture sous contrat, c’est tout à fait possible : c’est ce que l’on a fait avec le maïs en Italie. Je ne vois pas pourquoi on ne pourrait pas le faire en France pour la betterave."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p520",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "520",
    "521",
    "522",
    "523",
    "524"
   ],
   "order": 520,
   "text": "Moi non plus, je n’ai pas goûté la caricature consistant à opposer emploi et écologie. Cela n’est pas de bonne méthode, Monsieur le rapporteur Par ailleurs, vous avez été très dur avec la ministre de la transition écologique, en disant qu’elle a éteint la lumière après avoir fait voter la loi biodiversité en 2016. Vous auriez pu lui apporter votre soutien. D’autant que ce n’est pas ce qu’elle a fait. Si vous suivez un peu l’actualité des questions de politique phytosanitaire, vous savez qu’un rapport, dont j’étais l’auteur, a été rendu la même année par la mission relative aux pesticides installée par Matignon, dont l’objet était de préparer le plan Ecophyto 2 et notamment le dispositif des certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques (CEPP), qui visait à créer une dynamique interactive au sein des filières et des territoires et à trouver des solutions au fur et à mesure. Cette dynamique de retrait, positive et entrepreneuriale, qui pouvait représenter une véritable alternative, a été tout bonnement supprimée – sans doute le regrette-t-il aujourd’hui – par le gouvernement que vous soutenez, au profit d’une séparation, dans les établissements vendant des produits phytosanitaires, entre vente et conseil, instituée de façon peu courtoise dans le cadre de la loi ÉGALIM. Au demeurant, un recours a été formé devant le Conseil d’État, visant à déterminer si cette suppression des CEPP, qui ne dit pas son nom, ne constitue pas un abus de pouvoir du Gouvernement. Ainsi, nous ne sommes pas restés inactifs au cours de cette période, qui a même été assez prospère pour l’agro-écologie, notamment grâce à un ministre qui pendant cinq ans a porté l’idée de l’agro-écologie sur le plan de la bataille culturelle. Des actions ont été menées, des efforts sincères ont été consentis. Il est donc faux de dire que Mme Barbara Pompili a éteint la lumière en 2016 et que nous n’avons rien fait par la suite. Il faut rétablir la vérité sur ce point. Pour être précis, j’indique que, pour ma part, je n’avais pas voté l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes dans les modalités prévues, car j’aurais préféré prévoir deux années supplémentaires, et recourir non à des dérogations mais à des expérimentations en plus grand nombre, dans l’idée de parvenir au même résultat en 2020. Cela me semblait une voie plus sage. Refusons la caricature et revenons à un dialogue plus constructif dans la recherche des solutions.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 395,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p520",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c2f89b19a6e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Moi non plus, je n’ai pas goûté la caricature consistant à opposer emploi et écologie. Cela n’est pas de bonne méthode, Monsieur le rapporteur Par ailleurs, vous avez été très dur avec la ministre de la transition écologique, en disant qu’elle a éteint la lumière après avoir fait voter la loi biodiversité en 2016. Vous auriez pu lui apporter votre soutien. D’autant que ce n’est pas ce qu’elle a fait. Si vous suivez un peu l’actualité des questions de politique phytosanitaire, vous savez qu’un rapport, dont j’étais l’auteur, a été rendu la même année par la mission relative aux pesticides installée par Matignon, dont l’objet était de préparer le plan Ecophyto 2 et notamment le dispositif des certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques (CEPP), qui visait à créer une dynamique interactive au sein des filières et des territoires et à trouver des solutions au fur et à mesure. Cette dynamique de retrait, positive et entrepreneuriale, qui pouvait représenter une véritable alternative, a été tout bonnement supprimée – sans doute le regrette-t-il aujourd’hui – par le gouvernement que vous soutenez, au profit d’une séparation, dans les établissements vendant des produits phytosanitaires, entre vente et conseil, instituée de façon peu courtoise dans le cadre de la loi ÉGALIM. Au demeurant, un recours a été formé devant le Conseil d’État, visant à déterminer si cette suppression des CEPP, qui ne dit pas son nom, ne constitue pas un abus de pouvoir du Gouvernement. Ainsi, nous ne sommes pas restés inactifs au cours de cette période, qui a même été assez prospère pour l’agro-écologie, notamment grâce à un ministre qui pendant cinq ans a porté l’idée de l’agro-écologie sur le plan de la bataille culturelle. Des actions ont été menées, des efforts sincères ont été consentis. Il est donc faux de dire que Mme [PERSONNE] a éteint la lumière en 2016 et que nous n’avons rien fait par la suite. Il faut rétablir la vérité sur ce point. Pour être précis, j’indique que, pour ma part, je n’avais pas voté l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes dans les modalités prévues, car j’aurais préféré prévoir deux années supplémentaires, et recourir non à des dérogations mais à des expérimentations en plus grand nombre, dans l’idée de parvenir au même résultat en 2020. Cela me semblait une voie plus sage. Refusons la caricature et revenons à un dialogue plus constructif dans la recherche des solutions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p525",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "525",
    "526",
    "527"
   ],
   "order": 525,
   "text": "Je vais revenir sur la technique agronomique, même si j’ai moins de talent que M. le ministre – j’étais moins bon que lui à l’école, mais je suis tout de même ingénieur agricole ! (Sourires.) Je tiens à démentir certaines contre-vérités que j’ai entendues à plusieurs reprises hier, en suivant de la réunion de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire Les néonicotinoïdes sont des organochlorés : en tant que tels, ils présentent une certaine rémanence. Mais s’ils sont rémanents, ils ne peuvent pas se retrouver dans les eaux – c’est ou l’un, ou l’autre. Les organochlorés se fixent sur l’argile des sols ; pour les rendre solubles, il faut dépasser la capacité de rétention en eau du sol. Je ne dis pas que ces produits ne sont pas dangereux, mais ils ne peuvent pas tout à la fois être rémanents et se trouver dans les eaux. Pour ce qui est de la rémanence, le temps de mi-vie, est en fonction de la température et du potentiel hydrogène (pH) du sol considéré, entre 100 et 228 jours. Il faut donc, comme M. le ministre s’y est engagé, qu’une culture de betterave soit suivie d’une ou deux rotations sans plantes susceptibles de fleurir et d’attirer les pollinisateurs qui pourraient entrer en contact avec des néonicotinoïdes. Mais il est faux de dire qu’ils sont rémanents à vie et qu’on les trouve dans les eaux, voire ailleurs : par le fait qu’ils s’attachent à l’argile du sol, ils ne peuvent pas être lessivés.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 253,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p525",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3845a838bb81",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vais revenir sur la technique agronomique, même si j’ai moins de talent que M. le ministre – j’étais moins bon que lui à l’école, mais je suis tout de même ingénieur agricole ! (Sourires.) Je tiens à démentir certaines contre-vérités que j’ai entendues à plusieurs reprises hier, en suivant de la réunion de la commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire Les néonicotinoïdes sont des organochlorés : en tant que tels, ils présentent une certaine rémanence. Mais s’ils sont rémanents, ils ne peuvent pas se retrouver dans les eaux – c’est ou l’un, ou l’autre. Les organochlorés se fixent sur l’argile des sols ; pour les rendre solubles, il faut dépasser la capacité de rétention en eau du sol. Je ne dis pas que ces produits ne sont pas dangereux, mais ils ne peuvent pas tout à la fois être rémanents et se trouver dans les eaux. Pour ce qui est de la rémanence, le temps de mi-vie, est en fonction de la température et du potentiel hydrogène (pH) du sol considéré, entre 100 et 228 jours. Il faut donc, comme M. le ministre s’y est engagé, qu’une culture de betterave soit suivie d’une ou deux rotations sans plantes susceptibles de fleurir et d’attirer les pollinisateurs qui pourraient entrer en contact avec des néonicotinoïdes. Mais il est faux de dire qu’ils sont rémanents à vie et qu’on les trouve dans les eaux, voire ailleurs : par le fait qu’ils s’attachent à l’argile du sol, ils ne peuvent pas être lessivés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p530",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "530"
   ],
   "order": 530,
   "text": "Je tiens à remercier M. le rapporteur de sa sincérité : si j’en crois ses propos, il considère que le Parlement, en 2016, a fait n’importe quoi et légiféré n’importe comment, à la légère, et que telle est la raison pour laquelle nous sommes ici aujourd’hui",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p530",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8ad0bd2b3f18",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à remercier M. le rapporteur de sa sincérité : si j’en crois ses propos, il considère que le Parlement, en 2016, a fait n’importe quoi et légiféré n’importe comment, à la légère, et que telle est la raison pour laquelle nous sommes ici aujourd’hui"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p532",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "532",
    "533"
   ],
   "order": 532,
   "text": "Car ce projet de loi ne se contente pas d’introduire une dérogation pour la betterave ; il revient totalement sur la loi de 2016 en transférant la décision d’interdire les néonicotinoïdes du pouvoir législatif au pouvoir réglementaire, ce qui permettra au Gouvernement d’autoriser, en France, l’usage de substances jusqu’à présent interdites par la loi. Mon amendement CE2 vise donc à empêcher ce recul inacceptable En 2015 et en 2016, le projet de loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages avait fait l’objet de pas moins de sept lectures au Parlement, et suscité un travail intense, sous la forme d’auditions de scientifiques et de représentants des filières agricoles. Au début, nous n’étions que 3 à soutenir l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ; au fil des auditions, nous avons été 29, puis 120, jusqu’à devenir finalement majoritaires. Plus nos collègues, de toutes formations politiques, s’informaient sur les néonicotinoïdes, plus ils étaient convaincus qu’il fallait dire stop, tout en offrant un délai de prévenance aux filières agricoles.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 168,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p532",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd95c208e11e0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Car ce projet de loi ne se contente pas d’introduire une dérogation pour la betterave ; il revient totalement sur la loi de 2016 en transférant la décision d’interdire les néonicotinoïdes du pouvoir législatif au pouvoir réglementaire, ce qui permettra au Gouvernement d’autoriser, en France, l’usage de substances jusqu’à présent interdites par la loi. Mon amendement CE2 vise donc à empêcher ce recul inacceptable En 2015 et en 2016, le projet de loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages avait fait l’objet de pas moins de sept lectures au Parlement, et suscité un travail intense, sous la forme d’auditions de scientifiques et de représentants des filières agricoles. Au début, nous n’étions que 3 à soutenir l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ; au fil des auditions, nous avons été 29, puis 120, jusqu’à devenir finalement majoritaires. Plus nos collègues, de toutes formations politiques, s’informaient sur les néonicotinoïdes, plus ils étaient convaincus qu’il fallait dire stop, tout en offrant un délai de prévenance aux filières agricoles."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p535",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "535",
    "536"
   ],
   "order": 535,
   "text": "Un épisode, évoqué hier par notre collègue Martial Saddier, a été particulièrement déterminant. Le groupe Les Républicains avait présenté un amendement visant à supprimer l’article prévoyant l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, avant de le retirer de crainte que cette proposition ne soit interprétée comme niant leurs effets sur les pollinisateurs et les vers de terre. Mais aujourd’hui, c’est à un recul spectaculaire que nous assistons Je suis désolée de vous contredire, cher Jean-Baptiste Moreau : l’imidaclopride est le douzième pesticide le plus détecté dans les cours d’eau français. Soutenir devant la commission des affaires économiques de l’Assemblée nationale que les néonicotinoïdes ne posent aucun problème parce qu’ils ne passent pas dans l’eau, c’est dire exactement le contraire de ce qui se passe réellement : les néonicotinoïdes sont rémanents et passent dans l’eau. Dans les Deux‑Sèvres, on trouve de l’imidaclopride et du thiaméthoxame sur des parcelles qui ont toujours été cultivées en bio : c’est bien la preuve que ces substances circulent par l’eau.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 161,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p535",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N79d830a1cfae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Un épisode, évoqué hier par notre collègue [PERSONNE], a été particulièrement déterminant. Le groupe [GROUPE] avait présenté un amendement visant à supprimer l’article prévoyant l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, avant de le retirer de crainte que cette proposition ne soit interprétée comme niant leurs effets sur les pollinisateurs et les vers de terre. Mais aujourd’hui, c’est à un recul spectaculaire que nous assistons Je suis désolée de vous contredire, cher [PERSONNE] : l’imidaclopride est le douzième pesticide le plus détecté dans les cours d’eau français. Soutenir devant la commission des affaires économiques de l’Assemblée nationale que les néonicotinoïdes ne posent aucun problème parce qu’ils ne passent pas dans l’eau, c’est dire exactement le contraire de ce qui se passe réellement : les néonicotinoïdes sont rémanents et passent dans l’eau. Dans les Deux‑Sèvres, on trouve de l’imidaclopride et du thiaméthoxame sur des parcelles qui ont toujours été cultivées en bio : c’est bien la preuve que ces substances circulent par l’eau."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p537",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "537",
    "538",
    "539",
    "540"
   ],
   "order": 537,
   "text": "Mon amendement CE7 a le même objet. Cette discussion est pleine de flou, mais également d’arguments assénés et de contre-arguments. Nous venons d’en avoir un exemple : « Les néonicotinoïdes ne se trouvent pas dans les eaux », vient-on de nous dire. Eh bien si… De nombreux articles ont été publiés à ce sujet, dont un l’an dernier, sur la présence d’imidaclopride et autres molécules du même type dans le Danube Le problème avec les néonicotinoïdes, c’est précisément qu’ils se répandent partout. Cela commence par l’enrobage de la semence, qui aboutit à larguer l’essentiel de la substance dans le sol : seule une proportion de 2 % à 20 % traite la plante, le reste va un peu partout. C’est précisément cette remarquable combinaison de toxicité, de grande stabilité et de capacité à se diffuser partout qui en fait un outil extraordinaire dans sa capacité de destruction, beaucoup trop efficace. Monsieur le ministre, je vous ai interrogé hier à ce sujet, et je vous remercie de votre réponse. Vous nous expliquez que nous allons préparer le recours futur aux bonnes pratiques et dans le même temps revenir sur la loi adoptée en 2016 et accorder une dérogation. Mais cela n’a rien à voir avec la stratégie évoquée tout à l’heure par M. Dominique Potier, dans laquelle on avait commencé par donner deux années supplémentaires avant d’abandonner les néonicotinoïdes. Mais là, on a commencé par les interdire, et maintenant, on revient sur cette interdiction ! C’est bel et bien une régression. Comment la justifiez-vous à l’aune du principe de non-régression de la protection de l’environnement, inscrit à l’article L. 110-1 du code de l’environnement ? Par ailleurs, j’appelle votre attention sur le respect de la Charte de l’environnement. Nous ne traitons pas d’une pollution parmi d’autres, mais du sujet le plus emblématique qui soit en écologie. Vous le savez : la publication de Printemps silencieux par Rachel Carson en 1962 a amorcé la lutte contre le DDT ; c’est le livre fondateur de l’écologie. Nous traitons ici du sujet le plus emblématique qui soit en termes d’empoisonnement de l’écosystème.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 348,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p537",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2e2595b05fe4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement CE7 a le même objet. Cette discussion est pleine de flou, mais également d’arguments assénés et de contre-arguments. Nous venons d’en avoir un exemple : « Les néonicotinoïdes ne se trouvent pas dans les eaux », vient-on de nous dire. Eh bien si… De nombreux articles ont été publiés à ce sujet, dont un l’an dernier, sur la présence d’imidaclopride et autres molécules du même type dans le Danube Le problème avec les néonicotinoïdes, c’est précisément qu’ils se répandent partout. Cela commence par l’enrobage de la semence, qui aboutit à larguer l’essentiel de la substance dans le sol : seule une proportion de 2 % à 20 % traite la plante, le reste va un peu partout. C’est précisément cette remarquable combinaison de toxicité, de grande stabilité et de capacité à se diffuser partout qui en fait un outil extraordinaire dans sa capacité de destruction, beaucoup trop efficace. Monsieur le ministre, je vous ai interrogé hier à ce sujet, et je vous remercie de votre réponse. Vous nous expliquez que nous allons préparer le recours futur aux bonnes pratiques et dans le même temps revenir sur la loi adoptée en 2016 et accorder une dérogation. Mais cela n’a rien à voir avec la stratégie évoquée tout à l’heure par M. [PERSONNE], dans laquelle on avait commencé par donner deux années supplémentaires avant d’abandonner les néonicotinoïdes. Mais là, on a commencé par les interdire, et maintenant, on revient sur cette interdiction ! C’est bel et bien une régression. Comment la justifiez-vous à l’aune du principe de non-régression de la protection de l’environnement, inscrit à l’article L. 110-1 du code de l’environnement ? Par ailleurs, j’appelle votre attention sur le respect de la Charte de l’environnement. Nous ne traitons pas d’une pollution parmi d’autres, mais du sujet le plus emblématique qui soit en écologie. Vous le savez : la publication de Printemps silencieux par Rachel Carson en 1962 a amorcé la lutte contre le DDT ; c’est le livre fondateur de l’écologie. Nous traitons ici du sujet le plus emblématique qui soit en termes d’empoisonnement de l’écosystème."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p541",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "541",
    "542"
   ],
   "order": 541,
   "text": "Sur le fond, il me semble que nous avons une réelle divergence de vues avec le Gouvernement et M. le rapporteur. Pendant soixante-quinze ans, on s’est inscrit dans une logique d’exploitation minière des sols : on extrait, on exploite, on épuise, et si cela ne fonctionne pas, on redouble d’efforts. Cela a fonctionné, cela a payé ; mais à présent, la logique du « toujours plus » ne fonctionne plus. Certains cultivateurs de ma circonscription en sont au dixième traitement cette année Nous devrions consacrer les cent prochaines années à adopter une logique de construction, de réparation, de recréation et de valorisation des sols. Pour ce faire, les contrats de transition écologique, que ce gouvernement a mis en place, fonctionnent très bien ; ils permettent même de fermer des usines à charbon. Il faut donc élaborer un contrat de transition écologique betteravier et sucrier, et non adopter des dérogations qui tuent tout. Voilà pourquoi je propose par mon amendement CE10 de supprimer les alinéas 1, 2 et 4.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 168,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p541",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6d91742ecfd1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fond, il me semble que nous avons une réelle divergence de vues avec le Gouvernement et M. le rapporteur. Pendant soixante-quinze ans, on s’est inscrit dans une logique d’exploitation minière des sols : on extrait, on exploite, on épuise, et si cela ne fonctionne pas, on redouble d’efforts. Cela a fonctionné, cela a payé ; mais à présent, la logique du « toujours plus » ne fonctionne plus. Certains cultivateurs de ma circonscription en sont au dixième traitement cette année Nous devrions consacrer les cent prochaines années à adopter une logique de construction, de réparation, de recréation et de valorisation des sols. Pour ce faire, les contrats de transition écologique, que ce gouvernement a mis en place, fonctionnent très bien ; ils permettent même de fermer des usines à charbon. Il faut donc élaborer un contrat de transition écologique betteravier et sucrier, et non adopter des dérogations qui tuent tout. Voilà pourquoi je propose par mon amendement CE10 de supprimer les alinéas 1, 2 et 4."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p543",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "543",
    "544",
    "545"
   ],
   "order": 543,
   "text": "Madame Batho, je n’ai jamais dit que le Parlement était inutile. Je dis simplement que depuis 2016, nous avons vu le mur se rapprocher. Nous savions que la filière betterave-sucre allait connaître des difficultés. Nous avons tous été alertés. Mais il faut regarder la vérité en face : nous ne l’avons pas accompagnée Madame de Courson, je vous rejoins totalement : nous avons bel et bien une différence de points de vue. Mon objectif, en tant que rapporteur du texte, est de ne pas répéter les erreurs du passé, ce qui suppose de déterminer comment accompagner les agriculteurs afin de supprimer les 8 % de néonicotinoïdes encore utilisés. Telle est la vision dont procède l’amendement que je présenterai à cette fin. Nous devons tous – parlementaires, chercheurs, représentants des filières, responsables d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) – nous asseoir autour de la table et nous rencontrer régulièrement afin que l’on avance. Or mon regret, c’est que nous votions des textes de loi sans en vérifier l’application. Notre rôle de législateurs est certes de légiférer, mais aussi de contrôler l’application de la loi. Si nous débattons aujourd’hui de ce sujet en commission des affaires économiques, c’est parce que nous nous prenons le mur de plein fouet. Le choix est le suivant : ou bien nous laissons les agriculteurs concernés sur le bas-côté, ou bien nous les accompagnons. Je choisis de les accompagner. Avis défavorable sur ces amendements.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 235,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p543",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N09c2a5beabb8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Batho, je n’ai jamais dit que le Parlement était inutile. Je dis simplement que depuis 2016, nous avons vu le mur se rapprocher. Nous savions que la filière betterave-sucre allait connaître des difficultés. Nous avons tous été alertés. Mais il faut regarder la vérité en face : nous ne l’avons pas accompagnée Madame de Courson, je vous rejoins totalement : nous avons bel et bien une différence de points de vue. Mon objectif, en tant que rapporteur du texte, est de ne pas répéter les erreurs du passé, ce qui suppose de déterminer comment accompagner les agriculteurs afin de supprimer les 8 % de néonicotinoïdes encore utilisés. Telle est la vision dont procède l’amendement que je présenterai à cette fin. Nous devons tous – parlementaires, chercheurs, représentants des filières, responsables d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) – nous asseoir autour de la table et nous rencontrer régulièrement afin que l’on avance. Or mon regret, c’est que nous votions des textes de loi sans en vérifier l’application. Notre rôle de législateurs est certes de légiférer, mais aussi de contrôler l’application de la loi. Si nous débattons aujourd’hui de ce sujet en commission des affaires économiques, c’est parce que nous nous prenons le mur de plein fouet. Le choix est le suivant : ou bien nous laissons les agriculteurs concernés sur le bas-côté, ou bien nous les accompagnons. Je choisis de les accompagner. Avis défavorable sur ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p546",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "546",
    "547",
    "548",
    "549"
   ],
   "order": 546,
   "text": "J’émets aussi un avis défavorable. Pour la clarté et la pertinence de nos débats, il me semble nécessaire de poser les questions simplement. Il ne s’agit pas de savoir si l’on est pour ou contre les néonicotinoïdes ; tout le monde ici est contre, me semble-t-il. N’entrons donc pas dans un débat de savoir si les néonicotinoïdes sont ou non une bonne chose, puisque nous sommes tous d’accord pour les interdire. Maintenant, est-on pour ou contre le sucre ? À l’exception peut-être de quelques-uns, nous voulons tous avoir la possibilité d’en manger… Au regard de la situation actuelle, qui ne nous offre, je le répète, aucune alternative, les termes du débat sont les suivants : ou bien nous jouons la facilité – j’emploie le mot à dessein : au fond, tout cela ne serait pas grave, la France cessera de produire de la betterave sucrière et son propre sucre, et nous le ferons venir d’autres pays ; ou bien nous admettons qu’une transition est nécessaire, en reconnaissant avec humilité qu’elle n’a pas encore abouti et qu’elle prendra encore un certain temps, qui n’est pas celui qu’avait prévu la loi de 2016. Il faut donc avoir le courage de considérer que, pour que cette transition réussisse, il faut sauver la filière dès à présent, tout en faisant pression sur elle pour intensifier les efforts de recherche et d’adaptation. Maintenant, existe-t-il ou non des solutions alternatives ? C’est là que nous avons une divergence de vues. Je constate que même les opposants au projet de loi n’avancent aucune solution. Nous pouvons donc tomber d’accord, me semble-t-il, sur le fait que, pour l’heure, il n’existe aucune solution alternative d’échelle du point de vue agronomique – qu’il s’agisse des semences, de la biosécurité ou du volet culturel. Vous soutenez, Madame Batho, qu’il existe une solution économique alternative, sous la forme d’une compensation à 100 % des pertes essuyées par les agriculteurs concernés. Vous avez été ministre, vous connaissez comme moi les règles en vigueur, vous y avez été confrontée. Dans le cas italien, il s’agissait d’un fonds de mutualisation coopératif. Du reste, les règles assurantielles, par principe, prévoient toujours une quotité à charge de celui qui finance l’assurance, et, de façon singulière, s’agissant du secteur agricole, elles sont soumises au respect des divers règlements européens, qui ne permettent pas de verser aux agriculteurs une compensation à 100 %. On peut le répéter le contraire pendant des heures, cela n’en fera pas une vérité.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 409,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p546",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c4274b8a7c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’émets aussi un avis défavorable. Pour la clarté et la pertinence de nos débats, il me semble nécessaire de poser les questions simplement. Il ne s’agit pas de savoir si l’on est pour ou contre les néonicotinoïdes ; tout le monde ici est contre, me semble-t-il. N’entrons donc pas dans un débat de savoir si les néonicotinoïdes sont ou non une bonne chose, puisque nous sommes tous d’accord pour les interdire. Maintenant, est-on pour ou contre le sucre ? À l’exception peut-être de quelques-uns, nous voulons tous avoir la possibilité d’en manger… Au regard de la situation actuelle, qui ne nous offre, je le répète, aucune alternative, les termes du débat sont les suivants : ou bien nous jouons la facilité – j’emploie le mot à dessein : au fond, tout cela ne serait pas grave, la France cessera de produire de la betterave sucrière et son propre sucre, et nous le ferons venir d’autres pays ; ou bien nous admettons qu’une transition est nécessaire, en reconnaissant avec humilité qu’elle n’a pas encore abouti et qu’elle prendra encore un certain temps, qui n’est pas celui qu’avait prévu la loi de 2016. Il faut donc avoir le courage de considérer que, pour que cette transition réussisse, il faut sauver la filière dès à présent, tout en faisant pression sur elle pour intensifier les efforts de recherche et d’adaptation. Maintenant, existe-t-il ou non des solutions alternatives ? C’est là que nous avons une divergence de vues. Je constate que même les opposants au projet de loi n’avancent aucune solution. Nous pouvons donc tomber d’accord, me semble-t-il, sur le fait que, pour l’heure, il n’existe aucune solution alternative d’échelle du point de vue agronomique – qu’il s’agisse des semences, de la biosécurité ou du volet culturel. Vous soutenez, Madame Batho, qu’il existe une solution économique alternative, sous la forme d’une compensation à 100 % des pertes essuyées par les agriculteurs concernés. Vous avez été ministre, vous connaissez comme moi les règles en vigueur, vous y avez été confrontée. Dans le cas italien, il s’agissait d’un fonds de mutualisation coopératif. Du reste, les règles assurantielles, par principe, prévoient toujours une quotité à charge de celui qui finance l’assurance, et, de façon singulière, s’agissant du secteur agricole, elles sont soumises au respect des divers règlements européens, qui ne permettent pas de verser aux agriculteurs une compensation à 100 %. On peut le répéter le contraire pendant des heures, cela n’en fera pas une vérité."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p550",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "550"
   ],
   "order": 550,
   "text": "J’aimerais interroger le Gouvernement sur la question de la rémanence, après avoir entendu l’observation notre collègue Jean-Baptiste Moreau. Peut-on nous dire si, oui ou non, la question de la rémanence ne se pose que pour les sols ou les semis qui succéderaient à la récolte de betteraves ? Peut-on confirmer ou infirmer les observations de M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau au sujet des traces de molécules présentes dans l’eau ? M. le ministre est entouré de compétences, issues notamment de l’ANSES et de l’INRAe ; en tant que député, je souhaite obtenir une réponse claire à cette question avant d’arrêter mon vote dans l’hémicycle. Ce débat sous-jacent me semble important",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 108,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p550",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N194e7ecc577c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’aimerais interroger le Gouvernement sur la question de la rémanence, après avoir entendu l’observation notre collègue [PERSONNE]. Peut-on nous dire si, oui ou non, la question de la rémanence ne se pose que pour les sols ou les semis qui succéderaient à la récolte de betteraves ? Peut-on confirmer ou infirmer les observations de M. [PERSONNE] au sujet des traces de molécules présentes dans l’eau ? M. le ministre est entouré de compétences, issues notamment de l’ANSES et de l’INRAe ; en tant que député, je souhaite obtenir une réponse claire à cette question avant d’arrêter mon vote dans l’hémicycle. Ce débat sous-jacent me semble important"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720862",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p551",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "551",
    "552",
    "553",
    "554"
   ],
   "order": 551,
   "text": "Ce débat est très intéressant. Je soutiens le projet de loi, mais c’est très respectueusement que j’écoute les arguments de ceux qui s’y opposent Madame Batho, je suis, au fond, tout à fait d’accord : on peut reprocher à la filière betterave-sucre de n’avoir pas suffisamment anticipé la fin des quotas. Elle en paie le prix aujourd’hui, car les scientifiques, ceux des instituts techniques comme ceux de l’INRAe, ne peuvent encore promouvoir des techniques alternatives faute de les maîtriser suffisamment. Certaines formules, telles que la rotation des cultures, font florès. En réalité, le changement de modèle suppose aussi que chaque entreprise vende sa production à davantage d’acheteurs. Les modèles alternatifs fonctionnent deux ou trois fois sur quatre, mais on ne sait pas bien pourquoi ; on ne sait pas davantage pourquoi ils ne fonctionnent pas. Par conséquent, aucun scientifique ne prendra jamais la responsabilité d’en promouvoir un auprès des agriculteurs, car il est incapable de l’expliquer. Pour paraphraser Théodore Monod, ce que nous savons est le principal obstacle à l’acquisition de ce que nous ne savons pas… Cette affaire promet de durer longtemps ! En attendant, économiquement, la filière doit s’organiser pour pallier les chutes de rendement qu’elle connaît, inévitables compte tenu de ce qu’on leur demande depuis 2016. De deux choses l’une : ou bien on lui dit que c’est tant pis pour elle, elle n’avait qu’à ; ou bien on lui tend la main en lui expliquant que l’on va l’aider, tout en renforçant encore nos exigences pour suivre d’un peu plus près la façon dont elle va s’adapter, techniquement et économiquement. C’est là où nos points de vue diffèrent. Pourquoi renoncer à aider la filière ? Cela ne change rien à l’orientation fondamentale. Mais on peut admettre que cela prend du temps, techniquement et économiquement.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 298,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p551",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc04f980da14e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce débat est très intéressant. Je soutiens le projet de loi, mais c’est très respectueusement que j’écoute les arguments de ceux qui s’y opposent Madame Batho, je suis, au fond, tout à fait d’accord : on peut reprocher à la filière betterave-sucre de n’avoir pas suffisamment anticipé la fin des quotas. Elle en paie le prix aujourd’hui, car les scientifiques, ceux des instituts techniques comme ceux de l’INRAe, ne peuvent encore promouvoir des techniques alternatives faute de les maîtriser suffisamment. Certaines formules, telles que la rotation des cultures, font florès. En réalité, le changement de modèle suppose aussi que chaque entreprise vende sa production à davantage d’acheteurs. Les modèles alternatifs fonctionnent deux ou trois fois sur quatre, mais on ne sait pas bien pourquoi ; on ne sait pas davantage pourquoi ils ne fonctionnent pas. Par conséquent, aucun scientifique ne prendra jamais la responsabilité d’en promouvoir un auprès des agriculteurs, car il est incapable de l’expliquer. Pour paraphraser Théodore Monod, ce que nous savons est le principal obstacle à l’acquisition de ce que nous ne savons pas… Cette affaire promet de durer longtemps ! En attendant, économiquement, la filière doit s’organiser pour pallier les chutes de rendement qu’elle connaît, inévitables compte tenu de ce qu’on leur demande depuis 2016. De deux choses l’une : ou bien on lui dit que c’est tant pis pour elle, elle n’avait qu’à ; ou bien on lui tend la main en lui expliquant que l’on va l’aider, tout en renforçant encore nos exigences pour suivre d’un peu plus près la façon dont elle va s’adapter, techniquement et économiquement. C’est là où nos points de vue diffèrent. Pourquoi renoncer à aider la filière ? Cela ne change rien à l’orientation fondamentale. Mais on peut admettre que cela prend du temps, techniquement et économiquement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p555",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "555",
    "556",
    "557"
   ],
   "order": 555,
   "text": "J’aimerais répondre à l’argument de non-régression de la protection de l’environnement avancé par M. Villani. Cher collègue, vous avez entièrement raison. Je m’adresse ici au scientifique que vous êtes Cette année, en l’absence de néonicotinoïdes sur les semences utilisées, les agriculteurs ont réalisé trois, voire quatre épandages par pulvérisation de pyréthrinoïdes ou autres insecticides. Si la plante ne recouvre pas totalement le rang, le produit tombe en partie sur le sol, où il est inutile ; si la plante recouvre totalement le rang, il fonctionne comme une bombe à mouches, tuant tous les insectes présents, sauf ceux qui sont les mieux cachés, précisément les pucerons… C’est un phénomène très connu en agriculture : on détruit les prédateurs des pucerons, notamment les coccinelles, car ils sont très mobiles, mais pas les pucerons, cachés sous les feuilles. Du coup, on éradique la faune auxiliaire susceptible de les détruire et leur nombre explose… Ce phénomène est très documenté dans le cas du maïs où le puceron n’est théoriquement pas un problème. Mais les bidons des produits destinés à lutter contre la pyrale comportent cette mise en garde : « Attention, risque de populations de pucerons ». Ainsi, l’application du principe mal compris de non-régression de la protection de l’environnement peut aboutir, à court terme, à une augmentation des traitements chimiques combinés à une efficacité moindre. En l’espèce, nous proposons une solution pour trois ans, et non dix, assortie d’une obligation de résultat.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 239,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p555",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1bb944eae2df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’aimerais répondre à l’argument de non-régression de la protection de l’environnement avancé par M. Villani. Cher collègue, vous avez entièrement raison. Je m’adresse ici au scientifique que vous êtes Cette année, en l’absence de néonicotinoïdes sur les semences utilisées, les agriculteurs ont réalisé trois, voire quatre épandages par pulvérisation de pyréthrinoïdes ou autres insecticides. Si la plante ne recouvre pas totalement le rang, le produit tombe en partie sur le sol, où il est inutile ; si la plante recouvre totalement le rang, il fonctionne comme une bombe à mouches, tuant tous les insectes présents, sauf ceux qui sont les mieux cachés, précisément les pucerons… C’est un phénomène très connu en agriculture : on détruit les prédateurs des pucerons, notamment les coccinelles, car ils sont très mobiles, mais pas les pucerons, cachés sous les feuilles. Du coup, on éradique la faune auxiliaire susceptible de les détruire et leur nombre explose… Ce phénomène est très documenté dans le cas du maïs où le puceron n’est théoriquement pas un problème. Mais les bidons des produits destinés à lutter contre la pyrale comportent cette mise en garde : « Attention, risque de populations de pucerons ». Ainsi, l’application du principe mal compris de non-régression de la protection de l’environnement peut aboutir, à court terme, à une augmentation des traitements chimiques combinés à une efficacité moindre. En l’espèce, nous proposons une solution pour trois ans, et non dix, assortie d’une obligation de résultat."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p558",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "558",
    "559",
    "560",
    "561"
   ],
   "order": 558,
   "text": "La politique, notamment dans le domaine de l’écologie, n’est pas faite de convictions intimes ; à un moment donné, il faut des actes. J’affirme donc que les parlementaires qui envisagent, comme c’est leur droit, de voter pour le présent projet de loi sont pour le rétablissement de l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes en France. On ne peut pas dire qu’on est contre les néonicotinoïdes si l’on vote le texte Ensuite, il est inexact d’affirmer que rien n’a été fait depuis 2016. En réalité, la filière betterave-sucre était opposée à la loi de 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages. Et comme elle savait qu’il y aurait des élections de 2017, elle espérait bien qu’elle serait supprimée. C’est si vrai qu’un avant-projet de loi avait été rédigé en juin 2017 : il s’agissait de miser sur un nouveau produit, le sulfoxaflor. Du reste, lors des auditions que vous avez menées, Monsieur le rapporteur, auxquelles vous avez bien voulu nous associer, les représentants de la filière ont admis qu’ils s’étaient contentés d’attendre un nouveau produit. Finalement, cet avant-projet de loi n’a pas prospéré : le sulfoxaflor a été bloqué par la justice avant d’être prohibé, à juste titre, par la loi ÉGALIM, grâce à des dispositions que nous avons élaborées et votées ensemble. En réalité, la filière n’a jamais accepté l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ni travaillé à leur abandon. Et manifestement, il ne s’est trouvé personne pour la rappeler à l’ordre. En tout cas, il ne faut pas inverser les responsabilités. Enfin, je vous confirme, Monsieur le ministre, que les responsabilités gouvernementales que j’ai exercées m’ont amenée à plusieurs reprises dans le bureau du commissaire européen chargé des aides d’État pour les négocier.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 284,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p558",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3557ba19f126",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La politique, notamment dans le domaine de l’écologie, n’est pas faite de convictions intimes ; à un moment donné, il faut des actes. J’affirme donc que les parlementaires qui envisagent, comme c’est leur droit, de voter pour le présent projet de loi sont pour le rétablissement de l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes en France. On ne peut pas dire qu’on est contre les néonicotinoïdes si l’on vote le texte Ensuite, il est inexact d’affirmer que rien n’a été fait depuis 2016. En réalité, la filière betterave-sucre était opposée à la loi de 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages. Et comme elle savait qu’il y aurait des élections de 2017, elle espérait bien qu’elle serait supprimée. C’est si vrai qu’un avant-projet de loi avait été rédigé en juin 2017 : il s’agissait de miser sur un nouveau produit, le sulfoxaflor. Du reste, lors des auditions que vous avez menées, Monsieur le rapporteur, auxquelles vous avez bien voulu nous associer, les représentants de la filière ont admis qu’ils s’étaient contentés d’attendre un nouveau produit. Finalement, cet avant-projet de loi n’a pas prospéré : le sulfoxaflor a été bloqué par la justice avant d’être prohibé, à juste titre, par la loi ÉGALIM, grâce à des dispositions que nous avons élaborées et votées ensemble. En réalité, la filière n’a jamais accepté l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ni travaillé à leur abandon. Et manifestement, il ne s’est trouvé personne pour la rappeler à l’ordre. En tout cas, il ne faut pas inverser les responsabilités. Enfin, je vous confirme, Monsieur le ministre, que les responsabilités gouvernementales que j’ai exercées m’ont amenée à plusieurs reprises dans le bureau du commissaire européen chargé des aides d’État pour les négocier."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p571",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "571"
   ],
   "order": 571,
   "text": "J’y viens, Monsieur le président. Le principe de la volonté politique, c’est de changer les choses, et non de se résigner lorsque l’administration dit que c’est impossible. Dans ma circonscription, des cas de tremblante de mouton et de grippe aviaire ont fait l’objet d’une indemnisation à 100 %. C’est donc possible",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 51,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p571",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N362008dd4991",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’y viens, Monsieur le président. Le principe de la volonté politique, c’est de changer les choses, et non de se résigner lorsque l’administration dit que c’est impossible. Dans ma circonscription, des cas de tremblante de mouton et de grippe aviaire ont fait l’objet d’une indemnisation à 100 %. C’est donc possible"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p572",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "572"
   ],
   "order": 572,
   "text": "Si je disais que nos collègues opposés au texte sont favorables à la suppression des emplois de l’industrie sucrière, ils m’accuseraient de caricaturer et pousseraient des cris d’orfraie, et à raison. De même, lorsque Mme Delphine Batho dit qu’être favorable aux dérogations prévues par ce texte dans un contexte particulier équivaut à être favorable aux néonicotinoïdes, je me permets de dire que c’est de la caricature, et je pense avoir raison",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p572",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc4c7f9fe01fa",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si je disais que nos collègues opposés au texte sont favorables à la suppression des emplois de l’industrie sucrière, ils m’accuseraient de caricaturer et pousseraient des cris d’orfraie, et à raison. De même, lorsque Mme [PERSONNE] dit qu’être favorable aux dérogations prévues par ce texte dans un contexte particulier équivaut à être favorable aux néonicotinoïdes, je me permets de dire que c’est de la caricature, et je pense avoir raison"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p574",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "574",
    "575",
    "576"
   ],
   "order": 574,
   "text": "M. Martial Saddier, cité tout à l’heure, n’est pas là pour préciser les raisons de la position adoptée par notre groupe il y a quatre ans ; je tâcherai de le faire le mieux possible Personne ici n’envisage de défendre ou de promouvoir les néonicotinoïdes, compte tenu de leurs effets néfastes dont chacun a conscience. Toutefois, si la loi de 2016 avait résolu les problèmes posés par les néonicotinoïdes en France, cela se saurait depuis bien longtemps. Par exemple, les colliers antipuces destinés aux animaux de compagnie regorgent de néonicotinoïdes ; les insecticides destinés à éradiquer les fourmis des maisons également. Les néonicotinoïdes sont donc encore largement utilisés. Sans vouloir faire offense aux promoteurs de la loi biodiversité, j’estime qu’elle est imparfaite, comme de nombreuses lois applicables à la filière betterave-sucre. La situation actuelle résulte du fait que nous avons assigné à la filière des objectifs d’abandon des produits phytopharmaceutiques, notamment ces fameux néonicotinoïdes, sans l’accompagner ni aller plus loin. À présent, nous tentons de recoller les morceaux afin d’éviter qu’elle ne meure, ce qui nous contraindrait à importer des milliers de tonnes de sucre par supertankers, avec toute la pollution qui va avec…",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 194,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p574",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd502811ba76a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "M. [PERSONNE], cité tout à l’heure, n’est pas là pour préciser les raisons de la position adoptée par notre groupe il y a quatre ans ; je tâcherai de le faire le mieux possible Personne ici n’envisage de défendre ou de promouvoir les néonicotinoïdes, compte tenu de leurs effets néfastes dont chacun a conscience. Toutefois, si la loi de 2016 avait résolu les problèmes posés par les néonicotinoïdes en France, cela se saurait depuis bien longtemps. Par exemple, les colliers antipuces destinés aux animaux de compagnie regorgent de néonicotinoïdes ; les insecticides destinés à éradiquer les fourmis des maisons également. Les néonicotinoïdes sont donc encore largement utilisés. Sans vouloir faire offense aux promoteurs de la loi biodiversité, j’estime qu’elle est imparfaite, comme de nombreuses lois applicables à la filière betterave-sucre. La situation actuelle résulte du fait que nous avons assigné à la filière des objectifs d’abandon des produits phytopharmaceutiques, notamment ces fameux néonicotinoïdes, sans l’accompagner ni aller plus loin. À présent, nous tentons de recoller les morceaux afin d’éviter qu’elle ne meure, ce qui nous contraindrait à importer des milliers de tonnes de sucre par supertankers, avec toute la pollution qui va avec…"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p577",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "577",
    "578",
    "579",
    "580"
   ],
   "order": 577,
   "text": "Nous venons d’entendre une très belle description des traitements par pulvérisation, des horribles conséquences qu’ils peuvent avoir en matière de destruction de la biodiversité et surtout de leur absurdité, comme vous l’avez très bien dit, cher collègue Turquois, puisque l’on en vient à détruire ses alliés et non ses ennemis… Ce constat peut-il amener à se demander si la loi biodiversité, telle qu’elle a été adoptée en 2016, était une régression ? On ne peut pas raisonner ainsi. Lors de l’adoption de la loi, l’étude de l’ANSES indiquait qu’il était inacceptable d’utiliser des néonicotinoïdes, et préconisait de les remplacer par d’autres produits – tout en prévenant des terribles conséquences qui pourraient résulter des surdosages ou des mauvaises utilisations. Mais, plus que cela, le principe de la loi biodiversité était remarquable : c’était l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes. Auparavant, on se contentait d’interdire une substance ; on mettait alors un autre néonicotinoïde sur le marché, et c’était autant de temps gagné pour les pesticides. C’est exactement le cas du sulfoxaflor dont vient de parler Mme Delphine Batho : les industriels se sont dit qu’ils allaient pouvoir se débrouiller avec cela. Mais la loi biodiversité interdit tous les néonicotinoïdes, et c’était un progrès en matière environnementale. Car les néonicotinoïdes forment une classe de pesticides à nulle autre pareille, emblématique, et d’une efficacité initialement insoupçonnée. Une étude publiée dans la revue Science prouve qu’une dose infime, de l’ordre du milliardième de gramme, suffit pour dérégler le comportement des abeilles : c’était la première fois que des travaux de détection conduisaient à descendre à une partie pour un milliard. Le pouvoir de létalité de ces substances était tel que le législateur a jugé important de bannir toute cette classe d’insecticides. Il s’agit d’une avancée ; leur réintroduction est incontestablement un recul. S’agissant de leur présence dans l’eau ou ailleurs, je vous renvoie à une étude publiée au mois d’avril 2019 par l’université de Neuchâtel. Dans 90 % des champs cultivés selon les méthodes de l’agriculture biologique étudiés, des néonicotinoïdes ont été détectés.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 338,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p577",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4da7b17ae0dd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous venons d’entendre une très belle description des traitements par pulvérisation, des horribles conséquences qu’ils peuvent avoir en matière de destruction de la biodiversité et surtout de leur absurdité, comme vous l’avez très bien dit, cher collègue Turquois, puisque l’on en vient à détruire ses alliés et non ses ennemis… Ce constat peut-il amener à se demander si la loi biodiversité, telle qu’elle a été adoptée en 2016, était une régression ? On ne peut pas raisonner ainsi. Lors de l’adoption de la loi, l’étude de l’ANSES indiquait qu’il était inacceptable d’utiliser des néonicotinoïdes, et préconisait de les remplacer par d’autres produits – tout en prévenant des terribles conséquences qui pourraient résulter des surdosages ou des mauvaises utilisations. Mais, plus que cela, le principe de la loi biodiversité était remarquable : c’était l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes. Auparavant, on se contentait d’interdire une substance ; on mettait alors un autre néonicotinoïde sur le marché, et c’était autant de temps gagné pour les pesticides. C’est exactement le cas du sulfoxaflor dont vient de parler Mme [PERSONNE] : les industriels se sont dit qu’ils allaient pouvoir se débrouiller avec cela. Mais la loi biodiversité interdit tous les néonicotinoïdes, et c’était un progrès en matière environnementale. Car les néonicotinoïdes forment une classe de pesticides à nulle autre pareille, emblématique, et d’une efficacité initialement insoupçonnée. Une étude publiée dans la revue Science prouve qu’une dose infime, de l’ordre du milliardième de gramme, suffit pour dérégler le comportement des abeilles : c’était la première fois que des travaux de détection conduisaient à descendre à une partie pour un milliard. Le pouvoir de létalité de ces substances était tel que le législateur a jugé important de bannir toute cette classe d’insecticides. Il s’agit d’une avancée ; leur réintroduction est incontestablement un recul. S’agissant de leur présence dans l’eau ou ailleurs, je vous renvoie à une étude publiée au mois d’avril 2019 par l’université de Neuchâtel. Dans 90 % des champs cultivés selon les méthodes de l’agriculture biologique étudiés, des néonicotinoïdes ont été détectés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p581",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "581",
    "582",
    "583",
    "584",
    "585",
    "586",
    "587",
    "588",
    "589"
   ],
   "order": 581,
   "text": "Avant de répondre à M. Benoit, j’aimerais préciser deux points Nous avons à nouveau entendu dire que certains ici essaieraient de justifier la pertinence des néonicotinoïdes. Sortons de ce débat ! Madame Batho, ne faites pas dire de ceux qui soutiennent le projet de loi qu’ils sont convaincus de la vertu des néonicotinoïdes ! C’est absurde ! Prenons la question dans l’autre sens : vous pouvez « transitionner » avec vous-même, il n’en résultera aucune transition. « Transitionnez » avec vous-même, mais dites aux Français qu’ils devront arrêter de manger du sucre ! « Transitionnez » avec vous-même, mais dites aux représentants de la filière sucrière que vous les laissez tomber ! « Transitionnez » avec vous-même, mais faites comprendre aux Français que vous prônez une écologie du chacun pour soi et de l’injonction ! Comme je le disais en réponse à M. Thierry Benoit tout à l’heure, la politique est l’art de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire. Oui, une transition est nécessaire. Est-elle possible à l’heure où nous parlons ? Non, et j’en suis le premier chagriné. Cela m’aurait privé de cet après‑midi avec vous, mais peut-être permis de travailler sur d’autres sujets. Il faut aussi être sincère dans les questions et les réponses. Madame la ministre Batho, vous évoquez l’indemnisation à 100 % des cas de grippe aviaire. Mais il s’agissait d’abattages sur ordre administratif. Vous oubliez le libre choix de l’agriculteur, lequel peut planter qui des betteraves, qui des céréales, qui autre chose. Ce seul état de fait empêche d’obtenir de Bruxelles une indemnisation à 100 %, vous le savez très bien. Le seul autre mécanisme que les parlementaires connaissent, ce sont les aides de minimis, qui sont capées à 20 000 euros sur trois ans, comme vous le savez très bien aussi. Nous pouvons donc sortir de ce débat une bonne fois pour toutes, au lieu de nous attacher à tel ou tel cas particulier. Vous avez évoqué l’Italie : la filière y est organisée selon un système mutualiste et coopératif, financé comme tel en partie par ses membres. Si cette solution économique avait existé, j’aurais été le premier à l’adopter. Sortez de ce débat, et surtout ne le réorientez pas comme vous le faites lors de chacune de vos prises de parole, pour faire croire que la majorité présidentielle aurait pour seule volonté de réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes en les parant de telle ou telle vertu. Si nous mettons en place cette dérogation, c’est seulement pour permettre à la filière de faire sa transition agro‑écologique. Le courage, en politique, cela consiste à affronter le temps, et parfois l’impasse, en ayant l’honnêteté de le reconnaître. Monsieur Benoit, la rémanence dépend du produit et du sol. On la calcule à partir du temps de demi-vie dans le sol. Un document publié par l’ANSES indique que, dans le cas des deux molécules de néonicotinoïdes les plus utilisées pour l’enrobage des semences avant 2016, l’imidaclopride et le thiaméthoxame, cette durée, mesurée en laboratoire, est en moyenne de 118 jours pour le premier et de 156 jours pour le second. La grande difficulté, c’est que la rémanence dans le sol dépend de sa nature : argileux ou non, pH élevé ou non, présence d’un biotope ou non. Autrement dit, selon les sols, la durée de demi-vie peut être supérieure ou inférieure à la durée mesurée en laboratoire. Ce qui est sûr, c’est que ces produits présentent une rémanence dans le sol.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 571,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p581",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na28228b60113",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de répondre à M. Benoit, j’aimerais préciser deux points Nous avons à nouveau entendu dire que certains ici essaieraient de justifier la pertinence des néonicotinoïdes. Sortons de ce débat ! Madame Batho, ne faites pas dire de ceux qui soutiennent le projet de loi qu’ils sont convaincus de la vertu des néonicotinoïdes ! C’est absurde ! Prenons la question dans l’autre sens : vous pouvez « transitionner » avec vous-même, il n’en résultera aucune transition. « Transitionnez » avec vous-même, mais dites aux Français qu’ils devront arrêter de manger du sucre ! « Transitionnez » avec vous-même, mais dites aux représentants de la filière sucrière que vous les laissez tomber ! « Transitionnez » avec vous-même, mais faites comprendre aux Français que vous prônez une écologie du chacun pour soi et de l’injonction ! Comme je le disais en réponse à M. [PERSONNE] tout à l’heure, la politique est l’art de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire. Oui, une transition est nécessaire. Est-elle possible à l’heure où nous parlons ? Non, et j’en suis le premier chagriné. Cela m’aurait privé de cet après‑midi avec vous, mais peut-être permis de travailler sur d’autres sujets. Il faut aussi être sincère dans les questions et les réponses. Madame la ministre Batho, vous évoquez l’indemnisation à 100 % des cas de grippe aviaire. Mais il s’agissait d’abattages sur ordre administratif. Vous oubliez le libre choix de l’agriculteur, lequel peut planter qui des betteraves, qui des céréales, qui autre chose. Ce seul état de fait empêche d’obtenir de Bruxelles une indemnisation à 100 %, vous le savez très bien. Le seul autre mécanisme que les parlementaires connaissent, ce sont les aides de minimis, qui sont capées à 20 000 euros sur trois ans, comme vous le savez très bien aussi. Nous pouvons donc sortir de ce débat une bonne fois pour toutes, au lieu de nous attacher à tel ou tel cas particulier. Vous avez évoqué l’Italie : la filière y est organisée selon un système mutualiste et coopératif, financé comme tel en partie par ses membres. Si cette solution économique avait existé, j’aurais été le premier à l’adopter. Sortez de ce débat, et surtout ne le réorientez pas comme vous le faites lors de chacune de vos prises de parole, pour faire croire que la majorité présidentielle aurait pour seule volonté de réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes en les parant de telle ou telle vertu. Si nous mettons en place cette dérogation, c’est seulement pour permettre à la filière de faire sa transition agro‑écologique. Le courage, en politique, cela consiste à affronter le temps, et parfois l’impasse, en ayant l’honnêteté de le reconnaître. Monsieur Benoit, la rémanence dépend du produit et du sol. On la calcule à partir du temps de demi-vie dans le sol. Un document publié par l’ANSES indique que, dans le cas des deux molécules de néonicotinoïdes les plus utilisées pour l’enrobage des semences avant 2016, l’imidaclopride et le thiaméthoxame, cette durée, mesurée en laboratoire, est en moyenne de 118 jours pour le premier et de 156 jours pour le second. La grande difficulté, c’est que la rémanence dans le sol dépend de sa nature : argileux ou non, pH élevé ou non, présence d’un biotope ou non. Autrement dit, selon les sols, la durée de demi-vie peut être supérieure ou inférieure à la durée mesurée en laboratoire. Ce qui est sûr, c’est que ces produits présentent une rémanence dans le sol."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p591",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "591",
    "592"
   ],
   "order": 591,
   "text": "Moins la rémanence dans le sol est forte, plus la transmission dans l’eau est importante, et vice versa, comme l’a expliqué M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau tout à l’heure Enfin, comme l’a rappelé M. Nicolas Turquois, il faut toujours, en matière d’écologie, tenir compte du référentiel dans lequel on s’inscrit. À l’heure actuelle, l’ANSES préconise d’utiliser des produits évoqués tout à l’heure par M. Dive, notamment le Movento et le Teppeki, qui contiennent des pyréthrinoïdes. Malheureusement, on les utilise au-delà des doses recommandées par l’ANSES, et on ferait tous la même chose, parce que passage après passage, c’est de moins en moins efficace… Ces produits ont aussi une rémanence, qui elle aussi dépend du sol, et sont susceptibles de contaminer les cours d’eau.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p591",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N39d97d87d73b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Moins la rémanence dans le sol est forte, plus la transmission dans l’eau est importante, et vice versa, comme l’a expliqué M. [PERSONNE] tout à l’heure Enfin, comme l’a rappelé M. [PERSONNE], il faut toujours, en matière d’écologie, tenir compte du référentiel dans lequel on s’inscrit. À l’heure actuelle, l’ANSES préconise d’utiliser des produits évoqués tout à l’heure par M. Dive, notamment le Movento et le Teppeki, qui contiennent des pyréthrinoïdes. Malheureusement, on les utilise au-delà des doses recommandées par l’ANSES, et on ferait tous la même chose, parce que passage après passage, c’est de moins en moins efficace… Ces produits ont aussi une rémanence, qui elle aussi dépend du sol, et sont susceptibles de contaminer les cours d’eau."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p595",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "595",
    "596",
    "597"
   ],
   "order": 595,
   "text": "Dans votre modèle économique, il est inconcevable, à modèle constant, de diminuer les exportations, comme vous l’avez dit vous-même, Monsieur le ministre. Mais vous savez très bien vers quel modèle nous souhaitons tendre. Nous soutenons qu’il est envisageable de se libérer de la contrainte des exportations sans porter pour autant préjudice aux employés de Renault ou de Sanofi Nous considérons que le modèle en vigueur incite à la surproduction et qu’il faut en sortir. Dès que l’on propose de mettre un terme à l’utilisation de pesticides, tels que le glyphosate ou les néonicotinoïdes, le secteur agro-industriel s’efforce de faire peur aux gens et d’exercer des pressions, en brandissant la menace de pertes d’emplois et d’une catastrophe économique. Mais quel risque fait-on peser sur les gens et sur les emplois en autorisant l’utilisation de pesticides qui nuisent à la santé et à la biodiversité ? On ne peut pas appréhender les choses de cette façon. Le rétablissement l’autorisation d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes nuira au vivant, mais aussi aux agriculteurs. Nous considérons qu’il est urgent de changer radicalement de modèle agricole, afin que chacun de ses acteurs puisse vivre décemment et développer une résilience face aux bouleversements climatiques que nous allons subir.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 199,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p595",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3d374aafb136",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEIQSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans votre modèle économique, il est inconcevable, à modèle constant, de diminuer les exportations, comme vous l’avez dit vous-même, Monsieur le ministre. Mais vous savez très bien vers quel modèle nous souhaitons tendre. Nous soutenons qu’il est envisageable de se libérer de la contrainte des exportations sans porter pour autant préjudice aux employés de Renault ou de Sanofi Nous considérons que le modèle en vigueur incite à la surproduction et qu’il faut en sortir. Dès que l’on propose de mettre un terme à l’utilisation de pesticides, tels que le glyphosate ou les néonicotinoïdes, le secteur agro-industriel s’efforce de faire peur aux gens et d’exercer des pressions, en brandissant la menace de pertes d’emplois et d’une catastrophe économique. Mais quel risque fait-on peser sur les gens et sur les emplois en autorisant l’utilisation de pesticides qui nuisent à la santé et à la biodiversité ? On ne peut pas appréhender les choses de cette façon. Le rétablissement l’autorisation d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes nuira au vivant, mais aussi aux agriculteurs. Nous considérons qu’il est urgent de changer radicalement de modèle agricole, afin que chacun de ses acteurs puisse vivre décemment et développer une résilience face aux bouleversements climatiques que nous allons subir."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p598",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "598",
    "599"
   ],
   "order": 598,
   "text": "Je perçois l’amorce d’une suite logique dans ces amendements, qui consiste à supprimer l’alinéa 1, puis l’alinéa 2, et sans doute les alinéas 3 et 4 dans ceux qui viendront ensuite… L’amendement CE18 vise à supprimer ce que l’on appelle le « chapeau » de l’article. Comme tel, il n’est pas opérant, d’où mon avis défavorable. L’amendement CE19 vise à supprimer l’alinéa 2, relatif à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes et non à la possibilité d’en faire usage par dérogation. Je doute que tel soit votre propos, chère collègue. Je suggère donc le retrait de cet amendement ; à défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p598",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N522d7e60a0aa",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je perçois l’amorce d’une suite logique dans ces amendements, qui consiste à supprimer l’alinéa 1, puis l’alinéa 2, et sans doute les alinéas 3 et 4 dans ceux qui viendront ensuite… L’amendement CE18 vise à supprimer ce que l’on appelle le « chapeau » de l’article. Comme tel, il n’est pas opérant, d’où mon avis défavorable. L’amendement CE19 vise à supprimer l’alinéa 2, relatif à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes et non à la possibilité d’en faire usage par dérogation. Je doute que tel soit votre propos, chère collègue. Je suggère donc le retrait de cet amendement ; à défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p603",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "603",
    "604",
    "605"
   ],
   "order": 603,
   "text": "Je reviendrai ultérieurement sur le débat relatif aux dérogations, qui consistent en fait à autoriser en France des produits interdits en Europe. Mais là, il s’agit de réautoriser en France, l’utilisation de substances qui y étaient interdites jusqu’à présent tout en étant autorisées en Europe. Autrement dit, l’alinéa 2, visé par l’amendement CE3, détricote complètement la loi de 2016 par le biais d’une astuce, en introduisant un décret là où il n’y en avait pas. Il s’agit d’une remise en cause frontale de la loi de 2016 Le courage politique, à mes yeux, consiste à ne pas céder à la pression. Quant à l’écologie, elle se situe en rupture avec l’égoïsme qui amène à considérer qu’un monde sans papillons, sans libellules et sans abeilles, celui dans lequel pourraient vivre nos enfants, ce n’est pas grave ; elle élargit la prise en compte de l’altérité à l’ensemble du vivant. Le modèle agro-écologique que nous défendons, c’est par exemple celui des exploitations des producteurs de betteraves bio que nous avons auditionnés : ils emploient deux fois plus de personnes que les exploitants conventionnels, et dégagent 80 à 85 euros à l’hectare, contre 20 euros pour les autres. Certes, ils sont soumis à plusieurs freins, tels que la date des semis exigée par les sucreries et le coût de la main-d’œuvre. Il faut les lever, mais on ne peut pas affirmer qu’un tel modèle n’existe pas. Des solutions alternatives existent, nous l’avons vérifié.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 240,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p603",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb36bb0ecfb40",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je reviendrai ultérieurement sur le débat relatif aux dérogations, qui consistent en fait à autoriser en France des produits interdits en Europe. Mais là, il s’agit de réautoriser en France, l’utilisation de substances qui y étaient interdites jusqu’à présent tout en étant autorisées en Europe. Autrement dit, l’alinéa 2, visé par l’amendement CE3, détricote complètement la loi de 2016 par le biais d’une astuce, en introduisant un décret là où il n’y en avait pas. Il s’agit d’une remise en cause frontale de la loi de 2016 Le courage politique, à mes yeux, consiste à ne pas céder à la pression. Quant à l’écologie, elle se situe en rupture avec l’égoïsme qui amène à considérer qu’un monde sans papillons, sans libellules et sans abeilles, celui dans lequel pourraient vivre nos enfants, ce n’est pas grave ; elle élargit la prise en compte de l’altérité à l’ensemble du vivant. Le modèle agro-écologique que nous défendons, c’est par exemple celui des exploitations des producteurs de betteraves bio que nous avons auditionnés : ils emploient deux fois plus de personnes que les exploitants conventionnels, et dégagent 80 à 85 euros à l’hectare, contre 20 euros pour les autres. Certes, ils sont soumis à plusieurs freins, tels que la date des semis exigée par les sucreries et le coût de la main-d’œuvre. Il faut les lever, mais on ne peut pas affirmer qu’un tel modèle n’existe pas. Des solutions alternatives existent, nous l’avons vérifié."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p606",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "606"
   ],
   "order": 606,
   "text": "Le texte comporte une disposition de nature à intriguer les législateurs que nous sommes. Mon amendement CE11 vise à supprimer les mots « précisées par décret », qui à eux seuls privent le pouvoir législatif de son rôle. En effet, le texte prévoit de modifier par décret une loi votée par le Parlement. Notre rôle s’en trouve minimisé. Dans trois ans, le ministre de l’agriculture aura peut-être changé. Certains collègues me soufflent que je le serai peut-être, mais cela m’étonnerait !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p606",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2768ffba51e3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte comporte une disposition de nature à intriguer les législateurs que nous sommes. Mon amendement CE11 vise à supprimer les mots « précisées par décret », qui à eux seuls privent le pouvoir législatif de son rôle. En effet, le texte prévoit de modifier par décret une loi votée par le Parlement. Notre rôle s’en trouve minimisé. Dans trois ans, le ministre de l’agriculture aura peut-être changé. Certains collègues me soufflent que je le serai peut-être, mais cela m’étonnerait !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p608",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "608"
   ],
   "order": 608,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous ne m’avez pas répondu au sujet des contrats de transition écologique. Dans ce cadre, nous aurions pu construire une assurance privée, un fonds coopératif. Une telle solution aurait été préférable aux dérogations, s’agissant de produits très toxiques",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p608",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc7212de563db",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous ne m’avez pas répondu au sujet des contrats de transition écologique. Dans ce cadre, nous aurions pu construire une assurance privée, un fonds coopératif. Une telle solution aurait été préférable aux dérogations, s’agissant de produits très toxiques"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p609",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "609",
    "610",
    "611",
    "612",
    "613"
   ],
   "order": 609,
   "text": "Je serai un peu long, mais cela me paraît nécessaire Cette question a été soulevée hier en commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire, saisie pour avis. La rédaction du projet de loi maintient l’inscription dans la loi de l’interdiction générale des néonicotinoïdes. Cependant, la mention exacte des substances interdites sera déterminée par décret. Ce changement opéré dans la rédaction de l’article répond uniquement à un objectif juridique : il s’agit d’en assurer la conformité au droit de l’Union européenne. Ainsi que le ministre l’a rappelé hier soir, la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages n’a pas été notifiée à la Commission européenne. C’est pour cette raison qu’un décret avait été pris à l’époque, le décret du 30 juillet 2018 relatif à la définition des substances actives de la famille des néonicotinoïdes présentes dans les produits phytopharmaceutiques, lequel a été notifié. C’est ce décret qui a été attaqué par l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes (UIPP) devant le Conseil d’État ; je suis donc assez étonné que des amendements de votre groupe viennent défendre la position de cette association, chères collègues. Statuant au contentieux, le Conseil d’État a décidé de transmettre une question préjudicielle à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, qui n’a pas encore statué, mais dont l’avocat général a rendu ses conclusions le 4 juin dernier. La question préjudicielle portait sur la régularité de la notification du décret à la Commission européenne, initiée le 2 février 2017, qui n’avait pas été opérée sur le fondement de l’article 71 du règlement européen de 2009. Dès lors, la rédaction du premier alinéa du II de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime pose problème : selon les termes de l’avis du Conseil d’État, « on ne peut dès lors écarter la possibilité, même si les décisions prises ces deux dernières années au niveau européen tendent à proscrire progressivement les néonicotinoïdes, que les futures décisions de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne puis du Conseil d’État statuant au contentieux remettent en cause le maintien d’une interdiction de portée aussi générale et absolue ». La nouvelle rédaction vise donc à anticiper cette éventualité, et le Conseil d’État, dans son avis, s’est dit satisfait de la solution choisie par le Gouvernement. Je suis donc défavorable à ces deux amendements.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 397,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p609",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2ac6378593d0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je serai un peu long, mais cela me paraît nécessaire Cette question a été soulevée hier en commission du développement durable et de l’aménagement du territoire, saisie pour avis. La rédaction du projet de loi maintient l’inscription dans la loi de l’interdiction générale des néonicotinoïdes. Cependant, la mention exacte des substances interdites sera déterminée par décret. Ce changement opéré dans la rédaction de l’article répond uniquement à un objectif juridique : il s’agit d’en assurer la conformité au droit de l’Union européenne. Ainsi que le ministre l’a rappelé hier soir, la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages n’a pas été notifiée à la Commission européenne. C’est pour cette raison qu’un décret avait été pris à l’époque, le décret du 30 juillet 2018 relatif à la définition des substances actives de la famille des néonicotinoïdes présentes dans les produits phytopharmaceutiques, lequel a été notifié. C’est ce décret qui a été attaqué par l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes (UIPP) devant le Conseil d’État ; je suis donc assez étonné que des amendements de votre groupe viennent défendre la position de cette association, chères collègues. Statuant au contentieux, le Conseil d’État a décidé de transmettre une question préjudicielle à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, qui n’a pas encore statué, mais dont l’avocat général a rendu ses conclusions le 4 juin dernier. La question préjudicielle portait sur la régularité de la notification du décret à la Commission européenne, initiée le 2 février 2017, qui n’avait pas été opérée sur le fondement de l’article 71 du règlement européen de 2009. Dès lors, la rédaction du premier alinéa du II de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime pose problème : selon les termes de l’avis du Conseil d’État, « on ne peut dès lors écarter la possibilité, même si les décisions prises ces deux dernières années au niveau européen tendent à proscrire progressivement les néonicotinoïdes, que les futures décisions de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne puis du Conseil d’État statuant au contentieux remettent en cause le maintien d’une interdiction de portée aussi générale et absolue ». La nouvelle rédaction vise donc à anticiper cette éventualité, et le Conseil d’État, dans son avis, s’est dit satisfait de la solution choisie par le Gouvernement. Je suis donc défavorable à ces deux amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p614",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "614",
    "615",
    "616",
    "617",
    "618",
    "619",
    "620"
   ],
   "order": 614,
   "text": "Mon avis est également défavorable Madame Yolaine de Courson, je suis le premier à défendre la nécessité d’opérer une transition, et je l’ai dit près de cent cinquante fois depuis hier soir. Mais pour ce faire, j’ai besoin d’une filière. Et contrairement à vous, je ne cède pas à la facilité consistant à affirmer que la filière s’en sortira quoi qu’il arrive. Le problème de fond, c’est précisément qu’elle est dans une impasse ; et si elle disparaît, elle ne pourra pas faire de transition. Madame la députée Batho, vous arguez que la filière bio existe. Premièrement, le Gouvernement, la majorité présidentielle n’ont en rien à rougir de l’action qu’ils mènent pour promouvoir la filière bio. Le ministre Stéphane Travert avait prolongé et revalorisé le crédit d’impôt en faveur de l’agriculture biologique ; nous renforçons le fonds avenir bio, et sommes en train créer le crédit d’impôt pour les exploitations certifiées haute valeur environnementale (HVE), que M. Dominique Potier appelait de ses vœux depuis bien longtemps. Nous n’avons donc aucune leçon à recevoir sur ce terrain-là. Deuxièmement, vous affirmiez hier que les betteraves bio ne sont pas touchées par la jaunisse, ce qui est faux. M. Christian Huygue pourrait vous le confirmer : nous avons fait des vérifications sur site, elles sont bien attaquées par le virus. Vous évoquiez le courage, qui s’assimile selon vous à la conviction. À mes yeux, le courage est plutôt du côté de la majorité présidentielle, de Mme Barbara Pompili, dont je tiens à saluer le travail, ainsi que celui de nos deux ministères pour permettre cette transition. Ces deux amendements sont surprenants, car le projet de loi vise à s’assurer que ni la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, ni le Conseil d’État ne viennent défaire la portée de la loi de 2016. Celle-ci n’avait pas été notifiée aux autorités européennes ; c’est le décret de 2018 qui l’a été. Aux termes de l’article 71 du règlement n° 1107/2009 concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui prévoit une clause de sauvegarde, un État peut interdire des substances actives que la Commission européenne aurait autorisées. Il appartient donc à l’État français de compléter la liste des substances déjà interdites au niveau européen. Ces éléments ont été développés officiellement par le Conseil d’État et rendus publics, et nous attendons encore la décision de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. Voter ces amendements reviendrait en réalité à défaire ce que la loi de 2016 permet.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 412,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p614",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N538e614e94c2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mon avis est également défavorable Madame [PERSONNE], je suis le premier à défendre la nécessité d’opérer une transition, et je l’ai dit près de cent cinquante fois depuis hier soir. Mais pour ce faire, j’ai besoin d’une filière. Et contrairement à vous, je ne cède pas à la facilité consistant à affirmer que la filière s’en sortira quoi qu’il arrive. Le problème de fond, c’est précisément qu’elle est dans une impasse ; et si elle disparaît, elle ne pourra pas faire de transition. Madame la députée Batho, vous arguez que la filière bio existe. Premièrement, le Gouvernement, la majorité présidentielle n’ont en rien à rougir de l’action qu’ils mènent pour promouvoir la filière bio. Le ministre [PERSONNE] avait prolongé et revalorisé le crédit d’impôt en faveur de l’agriculture biologique ; nous renforçons le fonds avenir bio, et sommes en train créer le crédit d’impôt pour les exploitations certifiées haute valeur environnementale (HVE), que M. [PERSONNE] appelait de ses vœux depuis bien longtemps. Nous n’avons donc aucune leçon à recevoir sur ce terrain-là. Deuxièmement, vous affirmiez hier que les betteraves bio ne sont pas touchées par la jaunisse, ce qui est faux. M. Christian Huygue pourrait vous le confirmer : nous avons fait des vérifications sur site, elles sont bien attaquées par le virus. Vous évoquiez le courage, qui s’assimile selon vous à la conviction. À mes yeux, le courage est plutôt du côté de la majorité présidentielle, de Mme [PERSONNE], dont je tiens à saluer le travail, ainsi que celui de nos deux ministères pour permettre cette transition. Ces deux amendements sont surprenants, car le projet de loi vise à s’assurer que ni la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, ni le Conseil d’État ne viennent défaire la portée de la loi de 2016. Celle-ci n’avait pas été notifiée aux autorités européennes ; c’est le décret de 2018 qui l’a été. Aux termes de l’article 71 du règlement n° 1107/2009 concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui prévoit une clause de sauvegarde, un État peut interdire des substances actives que la Commission européenne aurait autorisées. Il appartient donc à l’État français de compléter la liste des substances déjà interdites au niveau européen. Ces éléments ont été développés officiellement par le Conseil d’État et rendus publics, et nous attendons encore la décision de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. Voter ces amendements reviendrait en réalité à défaire ce que la loi de 2016 permet."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p621",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "621",
    "622"
   ],
   "order": 621,
   "text": "Madame Batho, vous voudriez renvoyer de nous l’image d’ardents défenseurs des néonicotinoïdes, œuvrant pour que ces produits soient à nouveau autorisés. Moi qui suis agriculteur, et qui les ai utilisés, je pourrais endosser ce mauvais rôle. Mais pas les collègues qui m’entourent : s’ils sont présents et mènent ce combat, c’est bien parce qu’ils se rendent compte qu’une transition est nécessaire En tant qu’agriculteur, je suis multiplicateur de semences. J’ai donc besoin des abeilles, et chaque année je les observe, au printemps, lors de la floraison. Bien sûr, j’ai utilisé des traitements. Je constate cependant une importante différence des populations d’abeilles entre les zones où il y a une diversité génétique, où l’on voit des haies et des marais, notamment, et les zones de plaines céréalières, caractérisées par une pauvreté génétique. S’il faut considérer le problème des traitements, ainsi que celui du varroa, évoqué par notre collègue Robert Therry, le vrai enjeu c’est que, entre la floraison du colza aux mois de mars et avril et la floraison du tournesol au mois de juillet, les abeilles n’ont rien à se mettre sous la dent.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 184,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p621",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8bd19760f227",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Batho, vous voudriez renvoyer de nous l’image d’ardents défenseurs des néonicotinoïdes, œuvrant pour que ces produits soient à nouveau autorisés. Moi qui suis agriculteur, et qui les ai utilisés, je pourrais endosser ce mauvais rôle. Mais pas les collègues qui m’entourent : s’ils sont présents et mènent ce combat, c’est bien parce qu’ils se rendent compte qu’une transition est nécessaire En tant qu’agriculteur, je suis multiplicateur de semences. J’ai donc besoin des abeilles, et chaque année je les observe, au printemps, lors de la floraison. Bien sûr, j’ai utilisé des traitements. Je constate cependant une importante différence des populations d’abeilles entre les zones où il y a une diversité génétique, où l’on voit des haies et des marais, notamment, et les zones de plaines céréalières, caractérisées par une pauvreté génétique. S’il faut considérer le problème des traitements, ainsi que celui du varroa, évoqué par notre collègue [PERSONNE], le vrai enjeu c’est que, entre la floraison du colza aux mois de mars et avril et la floraison du tournesol au mois de juillet, les abeilles n’ont rien à se mettre sous la dent."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p624",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "624"
   ],
   "order": 624,
   "text": "Sans un suivi précis des apiculteurs pour les déplacer ou les nourrir, les colonies d’abeilles sont décimées. Il faut retrouver une large variété génétique de floraison dans nos campagnes, en replantant des haies bocagères, qui feront également revenir non seulement les abeilles et les oiseaux, mais nombre de petits mammifères et d’autres insectes. C’est comme ça qu’on fera progresser la biodiversité. La majorité, et plus largement l’ensemble des parlementaires doivent mener ce combat. Mais pour le très court terme, l’enjeu de la dérogation pour les néonicotinoïdes, c’est tout simplement celui de la survie d’une filière et de la possibilité de sa transition",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p624",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na1e922272fbd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sans un suivi précis des apiculteurs pour les déplacer ou les nourrir, les colonies d’abeilles sont décimées. Il faut retrouver une large variété génétique de floraison dans nos campagnes, en replantant des haies bocagères, qui feront également revenir non seulement les abeilles et les oiseaux, mais nombre de petits mammifères et d’autres insectes. C’est comme ça qu’on fera progresser la biodiversité. La majorité, et plus largement l’ensemble des parlementaires doivent mener ce combat. Mais pour le très court terme, l’enjeu de la dérogation pour les néonicotinoïdes, c’est tout simplement celui de la survie d’une filière et de la possibilité de sa transition"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p625",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "625",
    "626",
    "627"
   ],
   "order": 625,
   "text": "Chers collègues, évitons tout malentendu : je ne veux vous coller aucune image. Ce n’est pas moi qui ai inscrit à l’ordre du jour de l’Assemblée nationale un projet de loi qui, d’une part, vise à réautoriser l’utilisation de certaines substances néonicotinoïdes sur tout le territoire, et, d’autre part, accorde des dérogations pour la betterave en permettant l’utilisation de 80 à 100 tonnes d’imidaclopride et de thiaméthoxame sur 450 000 hectares en France ! C’est votre texte, ce n’est pas le mien. Je n’ai pas décidé d’être ici en cette fin de septembre et ce début d’octobre à discuter de la remise en cause de la loi de 2016, qui comportait un principe de non-régression, c’est-à-dire l’idée qu’il était impossible de revenir en arrière s’agissant de toute mesure de progrès pour la protection de l’environnement Monsieur le rapporteur, concernant le décret, la réalité est exactement l’inverse de ce que vous dites : la loi de 2016 a volontairement interdit non pas des substances, mais des produits contenant une famille de substances, précisément par souci de conformité au droit européen. La notification n’est donc pas un sujet, parce que les autorisations de mise sur le marché sont délivrées non par l’Union européenne, mais des autorités nationales. C’est la raison pour laquelle le texte ne prévoyait pas de décret, et c’est pourquoi il ne faut pas que la loi renvoie à un décret. Avec cette nouvelle rédaction, le Gouvernement supprime un principe d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes de portée générale et absolue décidée par le législateur et confie au pouvoir réglementaire le soin de déterminer les substances interdites en France. Le Gouvernement pourra donc, à l’avenir, modifier cette liste et, par exemple, décider de réautoriser l’acétamipride, au motif que ce produit est autorisé en Europe. Nous ne sommes pas d’accord, et nous considérons qu’il s’agit d’une remise en cause du principe d’interdiction générale posé par la loi de 2016.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 315,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p625",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N33206cb64b01",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues, évitons tout malentendu : je ne veux vous coller aucune image. Ce n’est pas moi qui ai inscrit à l’ordre du jour de l’Assemblée nationale un projet de loi qui, d’une part, vise à réautoriser l’utilisation de certaines substances néonicotinoïdes sur tout le territoire, et, d’autre part, accorde des dérogations pour la betterave en permettant l’utilisation de 80 à 100 tonnes d’imidaclopride et de thiaméthoxame sur 450 000 hectares en France ! C’est votre texte, ce n’est pas le mien. Je n’ai pas décidé d’être ici en cette fin de septembre et ce début d’octobre à discuter de la remise en cause de la loi de 2016, qui comportait un principe de non-régression, c’est-à-dire l’idée qu’il était impossible de revenir en arrière s’agissant de toute mesure de progrès pour la protection de l’environnement Monsieur le rapporteur, concernant le décret, la réalité est exactement l’inverse de ce que vous dites : la loi de 2016 a volontairement interdit non pas des substances, mais des produits contenant une famille de substances, précisément par souci de conformité au droit européen. La notification n’est donc pas un sujet, parce que les autorisations de mise sur le marché sont délivrées non par l’Union européenne, mais des autorités nationales. C’est la raison pour laquelle le texte ne prévoyait pas de décret, et c’est pourquoi il ne faut pas que la loi renvoie à un décret. Avec cette nouvelle rédaction, le Gouvernement supprime un principe d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes de portée générale et absolue décidée par le législateur et confie au pouvoir réglementaire le soin de déterminer les substances interdites en France. Le Gouvernement pourra donc, à l’avenir, modifier cette liste et, par exemple, décider de réautoriser l’acétamipride, au motif que ce produit est autorisé en Europe. Nous ne sommes pas d’accord, et nous considérons qu’il s’agit d’une remise en cause du principe d’interdiction générale posé par la loi de 2016."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p628",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "628",
    "629",
    "630"
   ],
   "order": 628,
   "text": "J’ai deux questions à poser au ministre, qui s’attache toujours à nous répondre La première porte sur le champ du décret. Lors des débats de la loi de 2016, Mme Barbara Pompili déclarait très précisément que chaque dérogation accordée dans la période intermédiaire devait s’appuyer sur un bilan établi par l’ANSES. Quand le rapporteur et moi‑même avons reçu le directeur général de cette agence, il a affirmé n’avoir pas été questionné de façon suffisamment précise pour répondre sur la dangerosité des substances, ce qui est pourtant capital. Si par malheur ce projet de loi était voté, la garantie de l’ANSES serait-elle maintenue ? Vous affirmez que la transition agro-écologique nécessite trois années, Monsieur le ministre. Depuis 2016, donc, elle aurait pu être effectuée. Pouvez-vous nous donner la trace, dans l’ensemble des dispositifs gouvernementaux et dans la gouvernance du plan Écophyto, des actions de prévention entreprises pour éviter un retour aux néonicotinoïdes ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 152,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p628",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3e8bca69cef5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai deux questions à poser au ministre, qui s’attache toujours à nous répondre La première porte sur le champ du décret. Lors des débats de la loi de 2016, Mme [PERSONNE] déclarait très précisément que chaque dérogation accordée dans la période intermédiaire devait s’appuyer sur un bilan établi par l’ANSES. Quand le rapporteur et moi‑même avons reçu le directeur général de cette agence, il a affirmé n’avoir pas été questionné de façon suffisamment précise pour répondre sur la dangerosité des substances, ce qui est pourtant capital. Si par malheur ce projet de loi était voté, la garantie de l’ANSES serait-elle maintenue ? Vous affirmez que la transition agro-écologique nécessite trois années, Monsieur le ministre. Depuis 2016, donc, elle aurait pu être effectuée. Pouvez-vous nous donner la trace, dans l’ensemble des dispositifs gouvernementaux et dans la gouvernance du plan Écophyto, des actions de prévention entreprises pour éviter un retour aux néonicotinoïdes ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p631",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "631",
    "632"
   ],
   "order": 631,
   "text": "Il est clair que, sur le bio, la filière betterave a des efforts à fournir, et les premiers concernés le reconnaissent eux-mêmes : moins de 1 % des betteraves en France sont issues de l’agriculture biologique. Heureusement, des dispositifs existent pour converger vers le bio. Il faut toutefois prendre garde de ne pas produire trop de bio trop rapidement, car cela pourrait perturber un marché spécifique à l’équilibre déjà précaire et, à terme, le détruire. Il faut donc y aller progressivement Et je ne suis pas contre le bio, Madame Batho ; cessez donc de hocher la tête, c’est pénible !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p631",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncb0b58c64d81",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il est clair que, sur le bio, la filière betterave a des efforts à fournir, et les premiers concernés le reconnaissent eux-mêmes : moins de 1 % des betteraves en France sont issues de l’agriculture biologique. Heureusement, des dispositifs existent pour converger vers le bio. Il faut toutefois prendre garde de ne pas produire trop de bio trop rapidement, car cela pourrait perturber un marché spécifique à l’équilibre déjà précaire et, à terme, le détruire. Il faut donc y aller progressivement Et je ne suis pas contre le bio, Madame Batho ; cessez donc de hocher la tête, c’est pénible !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p634",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "634",
    "635",
    "636"
   ],
   "order": 634,
   "text": "Cela rejoint donc ce que je disais à l’instant ! Nous devons néanmoins faire attention à ce que nous faisons Je tiens à préciser que, si la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes dans le cadre de ce texte s’applique au périmètre national, l’engagement donné – et une parole est une parole – est qu’elle ne sera utilisée que pour la betterave, une culture qui ne concerne que certains territoires. Je ne veux pas vous répondre à la place du ministre, Monsieur Potier. Je suis néanmoins dans la recherche, et j’ai rencontré les semenciers. Des projets financés par le programme d’investissements d’avenir (PIA) ont été engagés. Il faut toutefois plus de trois ans pour trouver des solutions réelles et pérennes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 117,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p634",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc51f5a913b40",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cela rejoint donc ce que je disais à l’instant ! Nous devons néanmoins faire attention à ce que nous faisons Je tiens à préciser que, si la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes dans le cadre de ce texte s’applique au périmètre national, l’engagement donné – et une parole est une parole – est qu’elle ne sera utilisée que pour la betterave, une culture qui ne concerne que certains territoires. Je ne veux pas vous répondre à la place du ministre, Monsieur Potier. Je suis néanmoins dans la recherche, et j’ai rencontré les semenciers. Des projets financés par le programme d’investissements d’avenir (PIA) ont été engagés. Il faut toutefois plus de trois ans pour trouver des solutions réelles et pérennes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p637",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "637"
   ],
   "order": 637,
   "text": "Vous insistez sur la nécessité de s’appuyer sur une filière, Monsieur le ministre, mais elle est là ! On ne cesse de le répéter, pour que cela finisse par infuser : selon les chiffres de l’interprofession, seulement 15 % de la filière est touché, et c’est pour cette part qu’on est en train de se battre – il faut dire la vérité. Pour ces 15 %, on peut faire quelque chose, et on verra dans trois ans. Vous vous arrêtez à cette limite des trois ans comme si c’était la fin du monde ! Et dans trois ans, la question sera de nouveau posée, et une nouvelle dérogation sera autorisée… Voilà ce qui me dérange",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p637",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N125bbfe96dc1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous insistez sur la nécessité de s’appuyer sur une filière, Monsieur le ministre, mais elle est là ! On ne cesse de le répéter, pour que cela finisse par infuser : selon les chiffres de l’interprofession, seulement 15 % de la filière est touché, et c’est pour cette part qu’on est en train de se battre – il faut dire la vérité. Pour ces 15 %, on peut faire quelque chose, et on verra dans trois ans. Vous vous arrêtez à cette limite des trois ans comme si c’était la fin du monde ! Et dans trois ans, la question sera de nouveau posée, et une nouvelle dérogation sera autorisée… Voilà ce qui me dérange"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p639",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "639",
    "640",
    "641"
   ],
   "order": 639,
   "text": "Madame Batho, le débat sur le sulfoxaflor et les autres substances ayant le même mode d’action que les néonicotinoïdes, nous l’avons mené ensemble dans le cadre de la loi ÉGALIM : je m’étais engagé auprès de vous en commission en tant que rapporteur, et j’ai tenu mes engagements en séance. Je ne suis donc pas un farouche défenseur des néonicotinoïdes, et je ne nie pas leur dangerosité Pour prendre ses décisions, le législateur doit mesurer le rapport bénéfice-risque. Or la filière qui nous occupe est dans une impasse : il faut, certes, ne pas minimiser le risque de pollution de l’environnement, mais les producteurs, les agriculteurs doivent pouvoir tirer un bénéfice de leur travail. C’est dans ce sens que le ministre s’est engagé, notamment avec les rotations et les bandes mellifères. Concernant le système assurantiel, pour ma part, je ne connais pas d’assurances privées disposées à couvrir un risque à la survenue très probable en facturant des cotisations modiques. La logique assurantielle veut que les cotisations augmentent avec le risque, car l’assureur privé doit pouvoir rentrer dans ses frais. Qu’il soit assumé par l’agriculteur ou par l’État, il y aura toujours un coût supplémentaire.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 194,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p639",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N139136444f9f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Batho, le débat sur le sulfoxaflor et les autres substances ayant le même mode d’action que les néonicotinoïdes, nous l’avons mené ensemble dans le cadre de la loi ÉGALIM : je m’étais engagé auprès de vous en commission en tant que rapporteur, et j’ai tenu mes engagements en séance. Je ne suis donc pas un farouche défenseur des néonicotinoïdes, et je ne nie pas leur dangerosité Pour prendre ses décisions, le législateur doit mesurer le rapport bénéfice-risque. Or la filière qui nous occupe est dans une impasse : il faut, certes, ne pas minimiser le risque de pollution de l’environnement, mais les producteurs, les agriculteurs doivent pouvoir tirer un bénéfice de leur travail. C’est dans ce sens que le ministre s’est engagé, notamment avec les rotations et les bandes mellifères. Concernant le système assurantiel, pour ma part, je ne connais pas d’assurances privées disposées à couvrir un risque à la survenue très probable en facturant des cotisations modiques. La logique assurantielle veut que les cotisations augmentent avec le risque, car l’assureur privé doit pouvoir rentrer dans ses frais. Qu’il soit assumé par l’agriculteur ou par l’État, il y aura toujours un coût supplémentaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p642",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "642",
    "643",
    "644",
    "645",
    "646"
   ],
   "order": 642,
   "text": "Madame de Courson, je comprends votre raisonnement, mais il ne vaut qu’à condition de pouvoir prédire où se situent les 15 % des surfaces qui seront très durement frappées. Or les agriculteurs n’en savent rien. En 2019, la maladie progressait de l’est vers l’ouest. En 2020, les pucerons remontent du sud vers le nord, avec un important gradient nord-sud ; on ignore toutefois si leur trajectoire est verticale ou si elle bifurque pour revenir à l’horizontale, et on ne sait pas même où les pucerons sont infectés par le virus. En d’autres termes, il est impossible de prédire où la situation va sévèrement se dégrader. Et c’est bien le problème : je ne peux pas dire qui fera partie des 15 % d’agriculteurs qui vont mal et régler la situation avec vous. Chaque agriculteur se dit que cela peut lui arriver, et à l’évidence aucun n’est prêt à prendre le risque de perdre 50 % de sa production. Ni vous, ni moi ne le ferions ! Si la proportion de 15 % semble simple à prendre en charge sur le papier, elle ne l’est pas en réalité, car on ne sait pas comment elle sera distribuée sur les surfaces cultivées Madame Batho, vous réfutez les arguments du rapporteur au motif qu’il méconnaîtrait la distinction entre l’autorisation des substances et leur autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM). Je vous renvoie à un avis public du Conseil d’État, émis lors de sa séance du 29 mai 2019 : « En défense, le ministre de l’écologie se borne à soutenir que la loi ne régit que l’utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques (PPP) contenant ces substances et n’aurait donc porté atteinte ni aux règlements d’approbation de la Commission, ni aux AMM de ces produits. Disons-le sans détours : cette argumentation n’est pas convaincante ». Le Conseil d’État met donc à mal votre argumentation. Vous pouvez donc me croire, tout ministre que je suis, quand je vous dis que le projet de loi vise à conforter la loi de 2016, comme le Conseil d’État l’y a appelé à la suite d’une requête en annulation de l’UIPP contre le décret à présent examiné par la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne ! C’est l’unique objectif du texte. Et je me tiens évidemment à votre disposition pour vous transmettre tous ces documents qui, au demeurant, sont consultables sur internet. S’agissant de l’ANSES, elle a publié en mai 2018 le deuxième tome de son rapport sur la viabilité des alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Nous avons demandé à l’agence de produire, avant la fin du mois de novembre, un nouvel avis sur les conditions d’utilisation et les mesures de gestion des néonicotinoïdes qui pourraient être introduits au titre de la dérogation – en d’autres termes, sur le type de plantes et le délai de rémanence. Cet avis sera librement consultable dès sa publication. La ministre Mme Barbara Pompili et moi-même avons fixé cette date butoir de façon à en disposer avant de prendre les arrêtés de mise sur le marché à la fin de l’année. Un deuxième avis a été demandé pour le début de l’année prochaine. Il s’agit de l’actualisation de l’étude publiée en 2018, car deux produits présentés comme des alternatives n’avaient alors pas été pris en compte – le Movento et le Teppeki – et n’ont pas été évalués, alors qu’ils ont depuis lors été utilisés. Qu’est-ce qui a été fait depuis trois ans ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 568,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p642",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbbc36c25e609",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame de Courson, je comprends votre raisonnement, mais il ne vaut qu’à condition de pouvoir prédire où se situent les 15 % des surfaces qui seront très durement frappées. Or les agriculteurs n’en savent rien. En 2019, la maladie progressait de l’est vers l’ouest. En 2020, les pucerons remontent du sud vers le nord, avec un important gradient nord-sud ; on ignore toutefois si leur trajectoire est verticale ou si elle bifurque pour revenir à l’horizontale, et on ne sait pas même où les pucerons sont infectés par le virus. En d’autres termes, il est impossible de prédire où la situation va sévèrement se dégrader. Et c’est bien le problème : je ne peux pas dire qui fera partie des 15 % d’agriculteurs qui vont mal et régler la situation avec vous. Chaque agriculteur se dit que cela peut lui arriver, et à l’évidence aucun n’est prêt à prendre le risque de perdre 50 % de sa production. Ni vous, ni moi ne le ferions ! Si la proportion de 15 % semble simple à prendre en charge sur le papier, elle ne l’est pas en réalité, car on ne sait pas comment elle sera distribuée sur les surfaces cultivées Madame Batho, vous réfutez les arguments du rapporteur au motif qu’il méconnaîtrait la distinction entre l’autorisation des substances et leur autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM). Je vous renvoie à un avis public du Conseil d’État, émis lors de sa séance du 29 mai 2019 : « En défense, le ministre de l’écologie se borne à soutenir que la loi ne régit que l’utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques (PPP) contenant ces substances et n’aurait donc porté atteinte ni aux règlements d’approbation de la Commission, ni aux AMM de ces produits. Disons-le sans détours : cette argumentation n’est pas convaincante ». Le Conseil d’État met donc à mal votre argumentation. Vous pouvez donc me croire, tout ministre que je suis, quand je vous dis que le projet de loi vise à conforter la loi de 2016, comme le Conseil d’État l’y a appelé à la suite d’une requête en annulation de l’UIPP contre le décret à présent examiné par la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne ! C’est l’unique objectif du texte. Et je me tiens évidemment à votre disposition pour vous transmettre tous ces documents qui, au demeurant, sont consultables sur internet. S’agissant de l’ANSES, elle a publié en mai 2018 le deuxième tome de son rapport sur la viabilité des alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Nous avons demandé à l’agence de produire, avant la fin du mois de novembre, un nouvel avis sur les conditions d’utilisation et les mesures de gestion des néonicotinoïdes qui pourraient être introduits au titre de la dérogation – en d’autres termes, sur le type de plantes et le délai de rémanence. Cet avis sera librement consultable dès sa publication. La ministre Mme [PERSONNE] et moi-même avons fixé cette date butoir de façon à en disposer avant de prendre les arrêtés de mise sur le marché à la fin de l’année. Un deuxième avis a été demandé pour le début de l’année prochaine. Il s’agit de l’actualisation de l’étude publiée en 2018, car deux produits présentés comme des alternatives n’avaient alors pas été pris en compte – le Movento et le Teppeki – et n’ont pas été évalués, alors qu’ils ont depuis lors été utilisés. Qu’est-ce qui a été fait depuis trois ans ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p648",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "648",
    "649",
    "650"
   ],
   "order": 648,
   "text": "Des actions ont été menées ; elles sont résumées par l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAe) dans le plan national de recherche et d’innovation (PNRI) qui m’a été remis hier et que je vous transmettrai Concrètement, l’effort de recherche se traduit par un premier projet, ABCD-B, de 200 000 euros, un deuxième projet, ExTraPol, de 80 000 euros, un troisième projet, MoCoRIBa, de 430 000 euros, et un quatrième projet de grande envergure, AKER, dont les résultats ont été remis hier, et qui porte sur la génétique de la betterave, et non pas à proprement parler sur la jaunisse. Mes services estiment que depuis 2016, 700 000 euros de subventions publiques ont été alloués à ces projets ; j’ai annoncé hier un financement public additionnel pour le PNRI de 7 millions d’euros sur trois ans, dont 5 millions d’euros financés par mon ministère pour que j’entre dans la gouvernance de la recherche publique et de la recherche privée. J’espère avoir répondu précisément à vos questions ; je vous transmettrai l’ensemble de ces documents.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 177,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p648",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd961d4c0053b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Des actions ont été menées ; elles sont résumées par l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAe) dans le plan national de recherche et d’innovation (PNRI) qui m’a été remis hier et que je vous transmettrai Concrètement, l’effort de recherche se traduit par un premier projet, ABCD-B, de 200 000 euros, un deuxième projet, ExTraPol, de 80 000 euros, un troisième projet, MoCoRIBa, de 430 000 euros, et un quatrième projet de grande envergure, AKER, dont les résultats ont été remis hier, et qui porte sur la génétique de la betterave, et non pas à proprement parler sur la jaunisse. Mes services estiment que depuis 2016, 700 000 euros de subventions publiques ont été alloués à ces projets ; j’ai annoncé hier un financement public additionnel pour le PNRI de 7 millions d’euros sur trois ans, dont 5 millions d’euros financés par mon ministère pour que j’entre dans la gouvernance de la recherche publique et de la recherche privée. J’espère avoir répondu précisément à vos questions ; je vous transmettrai l’ensemble de ces documents."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p651",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "651",
    "652",
    "653"
   ],
   "order": 651,
   "text": "Les personnes de l’ANSES que nous avons auditionnées n’ont pas été très élogieuses au sujet de l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB), qui du reste ne dépend pas de vous. Il y a là matière à s’interroger, notamment par rapport à ce que je disais tout à l’heure au sujet de la filière J’ai été très surprise de lire dans le plan de recherche de la filière et de l’INRAe qu’un des objectifs est le recueil de données : cela montre assez clairement la fragilité des éléments sur lesquels se fondent le projet de loi et nos débats. Nous discutons de l’impact de la jaunisse sur les cultures et de la localisation des pucerons, mais les informations dont nous disposons sur les ravages provoqués par ces insectes sont loin d’être complètes. Monsieur le président, je souhaite, pour le bien-être de tous, auquel je suis très sensible en temps qu’écologiste, solliciter une courte suspension de cinq minutes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 156,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p651",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd664915be75f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les personnes de l’ANSES que nous avons auditionnées n’ont pas été très élogieuses au sujet de l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB), qui du reste ne dépend pas de vous. Il y a là matière à s’interroger, notamment par rapport à ce que je disais tout à l’heure au sujet de la filière J’ai été très surprise de lire dans le plan de recherche de la filière et de l’INRAe qu’un des objectifs est le recueil de données : cela montre assez clairement la fragilité des éléments sur lesquels se fondent le projet de loi et nos débats. Nous discutons de l’impact de la jaunisse sur les cultures et de la localisation des pucerons, mais les informations dont nous disposons sur les ravages provoqués par ces insectes sont loin d’être complètes. Monsieur le président, je souhaite, pour le bien-être de tous, auquel je suis très sensible en temps qu’[GROUPE], solliciter une courte suspension de cinq minutes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p657",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "657",
    "658",
    "659"
   ],
   "order": 657,
   "text": "Avant de refermer la parenthèse, je tiens à préciser à l’adresse de notre collègue Jean-Baptiste Moreau, afin que cela apparaisse au compte rendu, que ce que nous proposons n’est pas du tout un système d’assurance privée L’amendement CE4 vise à supprimer le dispositif des dérogations. Nous considérons en effet que les dérogations qui ont été accordées par plusieurs États membres à la suite de l’interdiction par l’Europe, dans le sillon de la loi française, des trois principaux néonicotinoïdes que sont l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine sont scandaleuses. Et nous reconnaissons qu’elles posent un problème de concurrence déloyale pour la filière française. Nous souhaitons donc que le mécanisme des dérogations soit combattu à l’échelle européenne. J’ai évoqué hier le rapport spécial de la Cour des comptes européenne de juillet dernier, qui les dénonce ; la Commission européenne a elle-même directement alerté plusieurs États membres pratiquant ces dérogations, et l’un d’entre eux serait sur le point d’y renoncer en raison d’une pression citoyenne contre l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Nous proposons que la France obtienne l’arrêt de ce système de dérogations à l’échelle européenne. Concrètement, la dérogation envisagée consiste à autoriser l’utilisation de trois produits interdits en Europe sur 450 000 hectares de cultures de betteraves. Aujourd’hui, 20 à 30 % de ces surfaces – les chiffres restent à préciser – seraient concernées par la jaunisse. Sans même savoir s’il y aura l’année prochaine un problème de jaunisse, des conditions climatiques favorisant l’arrivée précoce d’un ravageur susceptible d’être porteur du virus, on prévoit de mettre partout des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes ! Nous ne sommes pas d’accord avec cette logique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 267,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p657",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7dd51562e2c2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de refermer la parenthèse, je tiens à préciser à l’adresse de notre collègue [PERSONNE], afin que cela apparaisse au compte rendu, que ce que nous proposons n’est pas du tout un système d’assurance privée L’amendement CE4 vise à supprimer le dispositif des dérogations. Nous considérons en effet que les dérogations qui ont été accordées par plusieurs États membres à la suite de l’interdiction par l’Europe, dans le sillon de la loi française, des trois principaux néonicotinoïdes que sont l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine sont scandaleuses. Et nous reconnaissons qu’elles posent un problème de concurrence déloyale pour la filière française. Nous souhaitons donc que le mécanisme des dérogations soit combattu à l’échelle européenne. J’ai évoqué hier le rapport spécial de la Cour des comptes européenne de juillet dernier, qui les dénonce ; la Commission européenne a elle-même directement alerté plusieurs États membres pratiquant ces dérogations, et l’un d’entre eux serait sur le point d’y renoncer en raison d’une pression citoyenne contre l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Nous proposons que la France obtienne l’arrêt de ce système de dérogations à l’échelle européenne. Concrètement, la dérogation envisagée consiste à autoriser l’utilisation de trois produits interdits en Europe sur 450 000 hectares de cultures de betteraves. Aujourd’hui, 20 à 30 % de ces surfaces – les chiffres restent à préciser – seraient concernées par la jaunisse. Sans même savoir s’il y aura l’année prochaine un problème de jaunisse, des conditions climatiques favorisant l’arrivée précoce d’un ravageur susceptible d’être porteur du virus, on prévoit de mettre partout des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes ! Nous ne sommes pas d’accord avec cette logique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p660",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "660",
    "661"
   ],
   "order": 660,
   "text": "Mon amendement CE12 a le même objet. Vous m’avez objecté qu’il n’était pas possible de savoir où se situeraient les 15 % de surfaces gravement touchées, Monsieur le ministre, en employant la notion de risque. Ce dernier terme renvoie en réalité à une logique assurantielle : comme on ne sait pas, on va diffuser ces substances partout. C’est très inquiétant, surtout quand on a à l’esprit l’infographie comparant la population d’abeilles avant et après l’usage de néonicotinoïdes que nous ont montrée les apiculteurs auditionnés en commission du développement durable Des actions de l’État sont extrêmement efficaces dans l’accompagnement à la prévention. Grâce au plan Écoantibio, par exemple, qui s’appuie sur l’accompagnement conjoint des vétérinaires et de l’État, l’objectif de moins 25 % en cinq ans a été dépassé dans certaines filières, où la réduction atteint 40 %.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 137,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p660",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne2c09ae35706",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "SV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mon amendement CE12 a le même objet. Vous m’avez objecté qu’il n’était pas possible de savoir où se situeraient les 15 % de surfaces gravement touchées, Monsieur le ministre, en employant la notion de risque. Ce dernier terme renvoie en réalité à une logique assurantielle : comme on ne sait pas, on va diffuser ces substances partout. C’est très inquiétant, surtout quand on a à l’esprit l’infographie comparant la population d’abeilles avant et après l’usage de néonicotinoïdes que nous ont montrée les apiculteurs auditionnés en commission du développement durable Des actions de l’État sont extrêmement efficaces dans l’accompagnement à la prévention. Grâce au plan Écoantibio, par exemple, qui s’appuie sur l’accompagnement conjoint des vétérinaires et de l’État, l’objectif de moins 25 % en cinq ans a été dépassé dans certaines filières, où la réduction atteint 40 %."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p662",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "662",
    "663"
   ],
   "order": 662,
   "text": "L’amendement CE30 vise à promouvoir en lieu et place de la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes un système de régulation. Le groupe socialiste vous a adressé l’été dernier un courrier pour réunir la filière et l’Assemblée permanente des chambres d’agriculture (APCA) afin d’envisager une solution économique de compensation qui permette, sur les bases coopératives d’un système mutualiste, la compensation d’un producteur à l’autre, d’une région à l’autre. Vous avez en effet bien expliqué ces déplacements de pucerons est-ouest et nord-sud qui affectent les productions de manière totalement aléatoire Je suis convaincu que cette solution serait un bon investissement pour assurer la transition écologique qui, adossée à une montée en gamme de type HVE sur le sucre français, nous mettrait en situation d’ici un ou deux ans de conquérir un marché spécifique à valeur ajoutée. À défaut, nous devrons nous contenter de rejoindre nos concurrents sur un marché mondial où nous pouvons demain être écrasés, même après avoir réintroduit des solutions chimiques.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 159,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p662",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N669d4f5a9e27",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CE30 vise à promouvoir en lieu et place de la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes un système de régulation. Le groupe [GROUPE] vous a adressé l’été dernier un courrier pour réunir la filière et l’Assemblée permanente des chambres d’agriculture (APCA) afin d’envisager une solution économique de compensation qui permette, sur les bases coopératives d’un système mutualiste, la compensation d’un producteur à l’autre, d’une région à l’autre. Vous avez en effet bien expliqué ces déplacements de pucerons est-ouest et nord-sud qui affectent les productions de manière totalement aléatoire Je suis convaincu que cette solution serait un bon investissement pour assurer la transition écologique qui, adossée à une montée en gamme de type HVE sur le sucre français, nous mettrait en situation d’ici un ou deux ans de conquérir un marché spécifique à valeur ajoutée. À défaut, nous devrons nous contenter de rejoindre nos concurrents sur un marché mondial où nous pouvons demain être écrasés, même après avoir réintroduit des solutions chimiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p664",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "664",
    "665"
   ],
   "order": 664,
   "text": "Avec les néonicotinoïdes, nous nous retrouvons dans la même impasse qu’avec les antibiotiques en raison des résistances qui apparaissent. On estimait en 2008 que plus de 550 espèces d’insectes – dont, de mémoire, le puceron vert des pêchers – étaient devenues résistantes à plusieurs insecticides Par ailleurs, l’ANSES admet dans son rapport de 2018 sur les néonicotinoïdes qu’il n’y a pas d’impasse technique pour la culture de la betterave, puisque des produits homologues existent. Par conséquent, continuer à utiliser ces substances, c’est aller dans le mur. D’où mon amendement CE20.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p664",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2e48ffa96064",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avec les néonicotinoïdes, nous nous retrouvons dans la même impasse qu’avec les antibiotiques en raison des résistances qui apparaissent. On estimait en 2008 que plus de 550 espèces d’insectes – dont, de mémoire, le puceron vert des pêchers – étaient devenues résistantes à plusieurs insecticides Par ailleurs, l’ANSES admet dans son rapport de 2018 sur les néonicotinoïdes qu’il n’y a pas d’impasse technique pour la culture de la betterave, puisque des produits homologues existent. Par conséquent, continuer à utiliser ces substances, c’est aller dans le mur. D’où mon amendement CE20."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p666",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "666",
    "667",
    "668"
   ],
   "order": 666,
   "text": "L’avis est défavorable Sur la baisse de rentabilité, qui serait de 15, 20 ou 30 %, il faut bien comprendre qu’une sucrerie a un rendement, un résultat net, extrêmement faible de l’ordre de 2 ou 3 %. Or ces industriels ont des coûts fixes, des charges fixes par définition incompressibles. Il leur a été demandé d’avoir une démarche RSE, de faire des plans de rénovation, de réduire leur consommation énergétique. Ces exigences, auxquelles ils se sont pliés, ont un coût qui est amorti sur 15 ou 20 ans. Il est donc difficile d’entendre qu’une perte de 10 à 25 % de rentabilité n’est pas très grave. Assurer le planteur, comme vous le suggérez, est une possibilité. Il faudrait toutefois également une assurance pour le sucrier, l’industriel du sucre. En tant qu’élu de l’Aube, où il y a beaucoup de vignes, je connais bien le fonctionnement des assurances privées. L’indemnisation fonctionne la première fois ; la fois d’après, il faut payer un peu plus cher ; et au troisième problème, l’assureur refuse de vous couvrir. C’est aussi simple que cela.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 179,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p666",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne93fbeef6490",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis est défavorable Sur la baisse de rentabilité, qui serait de 15, 20 ou 30 %, il faut bien comprendre qu’une sucrerie a un rendement, un résultat net, extrêmement faible de l’ordre de 2 ou 3 %. Or ces industriels ont des coûts fixes, des charges fixes par définition incompressibles. Il leur a été demandé d’avoir une démarche RSE, de faire des plans de rénovation, de réduire leur consommation énergétique. Ces exigences, auxquelles ils se sont pliés, ont un coût qui est amorti sur 15 ou 20 ans. Il est donc difficile d’entendre qu’une perte de 10 à 25 % de rentabilité n’est pas très grave. Assurer le planteur, comme vous le suggérez, est une possibilité. Il faudrait toutefois également une assurance pour le sucrier, l’industriel du sucre. En tant qu’élu de l’Aube, où il y a beaucoup de vignes, je connais bien le fonctionnement des assurances privées. L’indemnisation fonctionne la première fois ; la fois d’après, il faut payer un peu plus cher ; et au troisième problème, l’assureur refuse de vous couvrir. C’est aussi simple que cela."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p670",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "670",
    "671",
    "672"
   ],
   "order": 670,
   "text": "Quant à une assurance publique, encore faut-il pouvoir la financer. Et, de toute façon, il ne peut y avoir de prise en charge à 100 %, ce qui conduira certains agriculteurs à arrêter de planter, et on retrouve la spirale infernale : la réduction des matières premières qui risque de mener droit dans le mur l’industrie complète du sucre en vingt-quatre à trente-six mois. Le texte a pour unique objectif d’arrêter cette spirale Vous avez évoqué l’agriculture biologique. Les représentants de la filière que nous avons reçus en audition veulent tous s’engager pour le bio et multiplier par deux, trois ou quatre le nombre de parcelles cultivées en bio. Cependant, quand vous décidez de faire du bio dans une sucrerie, vous êtes obligés de nettoyer toutes les machines, ce qui a également un coût. Et ces coûts fixes, incompressibles, il faut pouvoir les amortir. Durant ces trois ans, nous devons donc accompagner la filière dans la recherche de solutions alternatives et l’amener vers le mode de production biologique, auquel je crois, mais cela demande du temps. L’objet de ce texte n’est autre que de laisser à une filière en pleine crise le temps de s’adapter.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 195,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p670",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N344caf313252",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Quant à une assurance publique, encore faut-il pouvoir la financer. Et, de toute façon, il ne peut y avoir de prise en charge à 100 %, ce qui conduira certains agriculteurs à arrêter de planter, et on retrouve la spirale infernale : la réduction des matières premières qui risque de mener droit dans le mur l’industrie complète du sucre en vingt-quatre à trente-six mois. Le texte a pour unique objectif d’arrêter cette spirale Vous avez évoqué l’agriculture biologique. Les représentants de la filière que nous avons reçus en audition veulent tous s’engager pour le bio et multiplier par deux, trois ou quatre le nombre de parcelles cultivées en bio. Cependant, quand vous décidez de faire du bio dans une sucrerie, vous êtes obligés de nettoyer toutes les machines, ce qui a également un coût. Et ces coûts fixes, incompressibles, il faut pouvoir les amortir. Durant ces trois ans, nous devons donc accompagner la filière dans la recherche de solutions alternatives et l’amener vers le mode de production biologique, auquel je crois, mais cela demande du temps. L’objet de ce texte n’est autre que de laisser à une filière en pleine crise le temps de s’adapter."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p673",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "673",
    "674",
    "675",
    "676",
    "677"
   ],
   "order": 673,
   "text": "L’avis est également défavorable Je suis convaincu de la nécessité du volet HVE, Monsieur Potier. Le crédit d’impôt HVE est inscrit dans le projet de loi de finances, et doté de moyens conséquents puisque le plan de relance a prévu, de mémoire, plus de 70 millions d’euros pour ce dispositif. Un débat très important a lieu par ailleurs au sujet de la politique agricole commune : l’enjeu est d’inclure la HVE dans les conditionnalités renforcées d’obtention des aides du premier pilier, qu’elle soit considérée comme équivalente à une démarche « éco-scheme ». Comme toujours, le diable se niche dans les détails : il faudra en particulier déterminer si l’on retient le niveau 2 ou le niveau 3 de la certification HVE, sachant que la différence entre ces deux niveaux est très significative. Dans toutes ces discussions, on oublie le rôle du consommateur : qu’il s’agisse du bio ou de la certification HVE, il faut qu’en fin de chaîne le consommateur paye le prix qui correspond à cette création de valeur. Or, c’est un véritable défi aujourd’hui. S’il y a eu un changement de paradigme grâce à la loi ÉGALIM défendue par le ministre Stéphane Travert, beaucoup reste à faire. La valeur créée par la culture en bio et la certification HVE n’est pas reconnue pour le sucre, par exemple, et le consommateur n’est pas prêt à en payer le prix. Nous avons donc trois éléments à prendre en compte ensemble : le niveau national, le niveau européen et le consommateur.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 250,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p673",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndd574673a3d5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis est également défavorable Je suis convaincu de la nécessité du volet HVE, Monsieur Potier. Le crédit d’impôt HVE est inscrit dans le projet de loi de finances, et doté de moyens conséquents puisque le plan de relance a prévu, de mémoire, plus de 70 millions d’euros pour ce dispositif. Un débat très important a lieu par ailleurs au sujet de la politique agricole commune : l’enjeu est d’inclure la HVE dans les conditionnalités renforcées d’obtention des aides du premier pilier, qu’elle soit considérée comme équivalente à une démarche « éco-scheme ». Comme toujours, le diable se niche dans les détails : il faudra en particulier déterminer si l’on retient le niveau 2 ou le niveau 3 de la certification HVE, sachant que la différence entre ces deux niveaux est très significative. Dans toutes ces discussions, on oublie le rôle du consommateur : qu’il s’agisse du bio ou de la certification HVE, il faut qu’en fin de chaîne le consommateur paye le prix qui correspond à cette création de valeur. Or, c’est un véritable défi aujourd’hui. S’il y a eu un changement de paradigme grâce à la loi ÉGALIM défendue par le ministre [PERSONNE], beaucoup reste à faire. La valeur créée par la culture en bio et la certification HVE n’est pas reconnue pour le sucre, par exemple, et le consommateur n’est pas prêt à en payer le prix. Nous avons donc trois éléments à prendre en compte ensemble : le niveau national, le niveau européen et le consommateur."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722228",
   "speaker": "Jean-Claude Leclabart",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Claude Leclabart.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p678",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "678",
    "679"
   ],
   "order": 678,
   "text": "J’aimerais ajouter un point technique sur la certification HVE. J’ai dans ma circonscription une exploitation agricole certifiée HVE3 ; elle applique donc les mêmes exigences pour toutes ses cultures, y compris celle de la betterave sucrière. Ils en sont cette année, ce qui est tout à fait anormal, à deux traitements de pyrèthre, comme on dit chez nous, chez les paysans. Ce que j’entends par-là, c’est que si sur le terrain nous sommes tous d’accord pour avancer, nous sommes à un moment donné confrontés à la réalité de la nature. Venez donc visiter les exploitations et vous verrez les dégâts lors des pesées, il en est encore temps Certes, Mme Batho a raison, la sécheresse vient s’y ajouter. Cependant, après les premiers arrachages cette semaine dans nos régions, le résultat est presque divisé par deux : il est de 35 tonnes, contre 55 tonnes l’année dernière. Très vite va se poser la question des réensemencements pour l’assolement de 2021. Et s’il faut prendre le risque de produire 50 tonnes de betteraves à 23 euros la tonne au mieux, puisque le cours mondial ne remonte pas ou très peu, le calcul sera vite fait, et les exploitants vont immédiatement changer de production. En effet, dans les systèmes non coopératifs, les contrats avec les sucreries sont à échéance d’un ou trois ans, et le plus souvent d’un an, ce qui permet au paysan de reculer tout de suite. Dans ce cas, les fermetures d’usines seront elles aussi immédiates.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 246,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p678",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2da413c9c523",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’aimerais ajouter un point technique sur la certification HVE. J’ai dans ma circonscription une exploitation agricole certifiée HVE3 ; elle applique donc les mêmes exigences pour toutes ses cultures, y compris celle de la betterave sucrière. Ils en sont cette année, ce qui est tout à fait anormal, à deux traitements de pyrèthre, comme on dit chez nous, chez les paysans. Ce que j’entends par-là, c’est que si sur le terrain nous sommes tous d’accord pour avancer, nous sommes à un moment donné confrontés à la réalité de la nature. Venez donc visiter les exploitations et vous verrez les dégâts lors des pesées, il en est encore temps Certes, Mme Batho a raison, la sécheresse vient s’y ajouter. Cependant, après les premiers arrachages cette semaine dans nos régions, le résultat est presque divisé par deux : il est de 35 tonnes, contre 55 tonnes l’année dernière. Très vite va se poser la question des réensemencements pour l’assolement de 2021. Et s’il faut prendre le risque de produire 50 tonnes de betteraves à 23 euros la tonne au mieux, puisque le cours mondial ne remonte pas ou très peu, le calcul sera vite fait, et les exploitants vont immédiatement changer de production. En effet, dans les systèmes non coopératifs, les contrats avec les sucreries sont à échéance d’un ou trois ans, et le plus souvent d’un an, ce qui permet au paysan de reculer tout de suite. Dans ce cas, les fermetures d’usines seront elles aussi immédiates."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p680",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "680"
   ],
   "order": 680,
   "text": "On aborde des sujets intéressants, mais il aurait été bon de se concentrer sur les dérogations puisque c’est l’objet de ces amendements. Les semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes, ce n’est pas mieux que le pyrèthre. Je n’ai jamais pensé que le pyrèthre était l’alternative à la sortie des néonicotinoïdes. C’est l’alternative proposée dans le rapport de l’ANSES, mais que je n’ai jamais défendu. Avec les semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes, on met partout un produit chimique dans des circonstances que l’on ne connaît pas – on ne sait pas s’il y aura des ravageurs, si l’hiver sera froid ou non, si le printemps arrivera tôt, s’il y aura ou non des pucerons et s’ils auront ou n’auront pas le virus –, sachant que 80 à 98 % de chaque semence va dans le sol et dans l’eau et tue le vivant. On ne peut pas considérer que c’est écologiquement mieux ou moins mauvais que le pyrèthre. Je suis totalement d’accord avec ce qu’ont dit le rapporteur et le ministre sur l’eau et la santé humaine, mais on ne peut pas laisser entendre que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ne serait pas une catastrophe écologique. On voit bien qu’il n’y a pas de solution dans la direction du maintien d’une dépendance à la chimie. Il est absurde de penser que le fait de réintroduire pendant un, deux ou trois ans, des néonicotinoïdes permettra de changer de pratique plus tard, parce que pendant ces deux ou trois ans on va continuer à tuer tous les auxiliaires, par exemple les vers de terre, et donc à construire un désert écologique. Je reconnais qu’un retard a été pris, et donc la difficulté dans laquelle nous sommes collectivement, mais la solution n’est pas dans la dérogation",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 288,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p680",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd65fd71104f0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On aborde des sujets intéressants, mais il aurait été bon de se concentrer sur les dérogations puisque c’est l’objet de ces amendements. Les semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes, ce n’est pas mieux que le pyrèthre. Je n’ai jamais pensé que le pyrèthre était l’alternative à la sortie des néonicotinoïdes. C’est l’alternative proposée dans le rapport de l’ANSES, mais que je n’ai jamais défendu. Avec les semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes, on met partout un produit chimique dans des circonstances que l’on ne connaît pas – on ne sait pas s’il y aura des ravageurs, si l’hiver sera froid ou non, si le printemps arrivera tôt, s’il y aura ou non des pucerons et s’ils auront ou n’auront pas le virus –, sachant que 80 à 98 % de chaque semence va dans le sol et dans l’eau et tue le vivant. On ne peut pas considérer que c’est écologiquement mieux ou moins mauvais que le pyrèthre. Je suis totalement d’accord avec ce qu’ont dit le rapporteur et le ministre sur l’eau et la santé humaine, mais on ne peut pas laisser entendre que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes ne serait pas une catastrophe écologique. On voit bien qu’il n’y a pas de solution dans la direction du maintien d’une dépendance à la chimie. Il est absurde de penser que le fait de réintroduire pendant un, deux ou trois ans, des néonicotinoïdes permettra de changer de pratique plus tard, parce que pendant ces deux ou trois ans on va continuer à tuer tous les auxiliaires, par exemple les vers de terre, et donc à construire un désert écologique. Je reconnais qu’un retard a été pris, et donc la difficulté dans laquelle nous sommes collectivement, mais la solution n’est pas dans la dérogation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720862",
   "speaker": "Frédéric Descrozaille",
   "quality": "M. Frédéric Descrozaille.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p681",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "681",
    "682"
   ],
   "order": 681,
   "text": "Une usine sucrière tourne au mieux quatre mois par an. En dessous de cent dix jours, l’équilibre financier est rompu, en calculant sur la base d’un prix du sucre à la tonne de 400 euros sur le marché international. Or il est tombé à 300 euros, contre 500 euros en 2017 à la fin des quotas. Une usine qui tourne cent vingt jours par an ne parvient pas à gagner de l’argent avec un sucre à 300 euros la tonne. L’approvisionnement en betteraves est fondamental pour qu’une usine puisse tourner cent vingt jours. En 2019, il y avait 480 000 hectares de betteraves, contre 423 000 hectares aujourd’hui. Quand un agriculteur qui cultive seize hectares de betteraves voit que le prix de la tonne est tombé à 23 euros, alors qu’il était auparavant de 30 euros et qu’il a entre 20 et 50 % de risques sur ses rendements, il arrête sa petite production au profit du blé, du chanvre, du colza. Mais quand ces micro-décisions individuelles se cumulent, au final il manque des millions de tonnes aux sucreries. Et un an plus tard, on risque une casse industrielle On peut toujours répondre que la filière n’avait qu’à anticiper la fin des quotas, en proposant des contrats d’approvisionnement pluriannuels, en couvrant les incertitudes sur les rendements à cause de la fin des néonicotinoïdes avec des systèmes assurantiels privés de type interprofessionnel. Mais elle ne l’a pas fait. On peut considérer que l’on n’a pas suffisamment fait pression sur elle. On peut même se dire qu’on va les punir : tant pis pour eux, ils le méritent. Vous ne l’avez pas dit, Madame Batho, mais je l’entends un peu. Ce n’est pas ce que je pense. Je regrette que la filière n’ait rien fait, mais elle subit une pression maximum et la situation est catastrophique au plan industriel. Je crois donc qu’il faut lui tendre la main pour que les solutions économiques accompagnent les incertitudes techniques.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 325,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p681",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe988f4ab91f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Une usine sucrière tourne au mieux quatre mois par an. En dessous de cent dix jours, l’équilibre financier est rompu, en calculant sur la base d’un prix du sucre à la tonne de 400 euros sur le marché international. Or il est tombé à 300 euros, contre 500 euros en 2017 à la fin des quotas. Une usine qui tourne cent vingt jours par an ne parvient pas à gagner de l’argent avec un sucre à 300 euros la tonne. L’approvisionnement en betteraves est fondamental pour qu’une usine puisse tourner cent vingt jours. En 2019, il y avait 480 000 hectares de betteraves, contre 423 000 hectares aujourd’hui. Quand un agriculteur qui cultive seize hectares de betteraves voit que le prix de la tonne est tombé à 23 euros, alors qu’il était auparavant de 30 euros et qu’il a entre 20 et 50 % de risques sur ses rendements, il arrête sa petite production au profit du blé, du chanvre, du colza. Mais quand ces micro-décisions individuelles se cumulent, au final il manque des millions de tonnes aux sucreries. Et un an plus tard, on risque une casse industrielle On peut toujours répondre que la filière n’avait qu’à anticiper la fin des quotas, en proposant des contrats d’approvisionnement pluriannuels, en couvrant les incertitudes sur les rendements à cause de la fin des néonicotinoïdes avec des systèmes assurantiels privés de type interprofessionnel. Mais elle ne l’a pas fait. On peut considérer que l’on n’a pas suffisamment fait pression sur elle. On peut même se dire qu’on va les punir : tant pis pour eux, ils le méritent. Vous ne l’avez pas dit, Madame Batho, mais je l’entends un peu. Ce n’est pas ce que je pense. Je regrette que la filière n’ait rien fait, mais elle subit une pression maximum et la situation est catastrophique au plan industriel. Je crois donc qu’il faut lui tendre la main pour que les solutions économiques accompagnent les incertitudes techniques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p684",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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   ],
   "order": 684,
   "text": "Madame Batho, vous avez raison, le pyrèthre n’est pas mieux que les néonicotinoïdes et vice versa. C’est un mal pour un mal. Malgré tout, on a moins besoin de quantité à l’hectare de néonicotinoïdes quand on les applique sur la graine plutôt qu’en pulvérisation. En effet, lorsque vous appliquez l’insecticide sur la graine, il se diffuse dans la plante, tandis que lorsque vous faites un traitement aérien vous pulvérisez partout pour toucher la zone infectée Plusieurs solutions sont évoquées. Par exemple mon collègue M. Dominique Potier est très branché HVE, alors que je suis plutôt branché haies. Je crois que ces deux éléments sont importants, sauf qu’une transition est nécessaire. Il ne faut pas que le projet de loi donne un mauvais signal à la filière en lui laissant croire qu’elle est tranquille pour trois ans et qu’au bout de cette période elle pourra remettre la pression et recommencer. J’appelle le ministre et ses services à la vigilance pour que les solutions commencent à être mises en œuvre. L’implantation de haies et la HVE font partie d’un ensemble d’éléments permettant de résoudre le problème, car au fond, c’est davantage la perte de la biodiversité que les néonicotinoïdes qui nous inquiète. Je suis convaincu que la perte de biodiversité est liée à l’appauvrissement général de nos plaines céréalières et qu’il faut réintroduire de la diversité, soit par les haies, soit par les prairies, soit pas un ensemble de pratiques culturales. C’est ce que j’appelle de mes vœux auprès du ministère de l’agriculture.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 251,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p684",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd61bf5f43ada",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Batho, vous avez raison, le pyrèthre n’est pas mieux que les néonicotinoïdes et vice versa. C’est un mal pour un mal. Malgré tout, on a moins besoin de quantité à l’hectare de néonicotinoïdes quand on les applique sur la graine plutôt qu’en pulvérisation. En effet, lorsque vous appliquez l’insecticide sur la graine, il se diffuse dans la plante, tandis que lorsque vous faites un traitement aérien vous pulvérisez partout pour toucher la zone infectée Plusieurs solutions sont évoquées. Par exemple mon collègue M. [PERSONNE] est très branché HVE, alors que je suis plutôt branché haies. Je crois que ces deux éléments sont importants, sauf qu’une transition est nécessaire. Il ne faut pas que le projet de loi donne un mauvais signal à la filière en lui laissant croire qu’elle est tranquille pour trois ans et qu’au bout de cette période elle pourra remettre la pression et recommencer. J’appelle le ministre et ses services à la vigilance pour que les solutions commencent à être mises en œuvre. L’implantation de haies et la HVE font partie d’un ensemble d’éléments permettant de résoudre le problème, car au fond, c’est davantage la perte de la biodiversité que les néonicotinoïdes qui nous inquiète. Je suis convaincu que la perte de biodiversité est liée à l’appauvrissement général de nos plaines céréalières et qu’il faut réintroduire de la diversité, soit par les haies, soit par les prairies, soit pas un ensemble de pratiques culturales. C’est ce que j’appelle de mes vœux auprès du ministère de l’agriculture."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA712015",
   "speaker": "Julien Dive",
   "quality": "M. Julien Dive.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p686",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "686"
   ],
   "order": 686,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, peut-on préciser dans la loi que l’autorisation ne vaudrait que pour l’enrobage des semences ? Si je dis cela, c’est parce que certains pays comme l’Allemagne autorisent à la fois la technique de l’enrobage et celle de la pulvérisation, bien plus néfaste",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p686",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3e0293efc8b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, peut-on préciser dans la loi que l’autorisation ne vaudrait que pour l’enrobage des semences ? Si je dis cela, c’est parce que certains pays comme l’Allemagne autorisent à la fois la technique de l’enrobage et celle de la pulvérisation, bien plus néfaste"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p687",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "687",
    "688"
   ],
   "order": 687,
   "text": "Monsieur Dive, je pense que votre demande est satisfaite puisque le texte de loi précise que les dérogations sont limitées à l’utilisation de semences traitées Sur les onze autorisations accordées en Europe, dix concernent des semences traitées, quatre des pulvérisations. Si dix plus quatre ne font pas onze, c’est parce que certains États ont autorisé les deux pratiques.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p687",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9109c35b415f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Dive, je pense que votre demande est satisfaite puisque le texte de loi précise que les dérogations sont limitées à l’utilisation de semences traitées Sur les onze autorisations accordées en Europe, dix concernent des semences traitées, quatre des pulvérisations. Si dix plus quatre ne font pas onze, c’est parce que certains États ont autorisé les deux pratiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p689",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "689",
    "690"
   ],
   "order": 689,
   "text": "Il est parfaitement faux de considérer que la pulvérisation serait pire que l’enrobage. Ce n’est pas moi qui le dis, mais des études scientifiques. Avec l’enrobage, vous êtes dans un traitement préventif systématique, c’est-à-dire que toutes les parcelles de la même culture sont traitées. Avec la pulvérisation, vous intervenez seulement là où il y a un problème. Cela fait une grande différence. Par ailleurs, j’appelle votre attention sur le fait que la dérogation allemande ne porte ni sur l’imidaclopride, ni sur le thiaméthoxame, ni sur la clothianidine. Elle ne concerne pas l’enrobage de semences, mais seulement l’acétamipride en pulvérisation. Mais la filière française considère que l’acétamipride, ce n’est pas assez puissant… Le groupe auquel j’appartiens a proposé des solutions. Je ne suis donc pas du tout dans une logique de punition. Nous aurons un problème avec cette filière tant qu’elle continuera à nier – ce qu’elle fait dans le document remis au ministre mardi – l’impact écologique destructeur des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences. On ne peut pas avancer sur la base de la négation des conclusions de très nombreuses études scientifiques sur l’enrobage de semences. La filière betterave doit comprendre qu’il faut en finir avec cette logique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 198,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p689",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne7829916ac40",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est parfaitement faux de considérer que la pulvérisation serait pire que l’enrobage. Ce n’est pas moi qui le dis, mais des études scientifiques. Avec l’enrobage, vous êtes dans un traitement préventif systématique, c’est-à-dire que toutes les parcelles de la même culture sont traitées. Avec la pulvérisation, vous intervenez seulement là où il y a un problème. Cela fait une grande différence. Par ailleurs, j’appelle votre attention sur le fait que la dérogation allemande ne porte ni sur l’imidaclopride, ni sur le thiaméthoxame, ni sur la clothianidine. Elle ne concerne pas l’enrobage de semences, mais seulement l’acétamipride en pulvérisation. Mais la filière française considère que l’acétamipride, ce n’est pas assez puissant… Le groupe auquel j’appartiens a proposé des solutions. Je ne suis donc pas du tout dans une logique de punition. Nous aurons un problème avec cette filière tant qu’elle continuera à nier – ce qu’elle fait dans le document remis au ministre mardi – l’impact écologique destructeur des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences. On ne peut pas avancer sur la base de la négation des conclusions de très nombreuses études scientifiques sur l’enrobage de semences. La filière betterave doit comprendre qu’il faut en finir avec cette logique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607395",
   "speaker": "Stéphane Travert",
   "quality": "M. Stéphane Travert.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p691",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "691"
   ],
   "order": 691,
   "text": "Il ne s’agit pas de dire qu’un traitement est mieux qu’un autre. Aujourd’hui, les semences enrobées, ce sont 90 grammes à l’hectare – ce sont des données de la filière, des professionnels. Lorsque l’on se passe de la semence enrobée, deux, trois voire quatre passages d’insecticides sont nécessaires, qui sont fonction de l’évolution de la jaunisse sur les betteraves. Et avec ces épandages, on ne tue pas les pucerons, mais toute la biodiversité. Aujourd’hui, il ne s’agit pas de remplacer les néonicotinoïdes par des passages d’insecticides, mais d’une dérogation encadrée, accompagnée à la fois d’un contrôle scientifique et d’une évaluation et d’un contrôle parlementaire et d’une évaluation. Cela permettra de trouver dans les trois ans des solutions sur lesquelles on travaille depuis 2016. Je fais partie de ceux qui ont voté la loi 2016, mais il n’y a pas ici les amis et les ennemis des néonicotinoïdes : nous sommes tous engagés pour une agriculture plus saine, plus sûre et plus durable. C’est le sens de l’action que nous menons ici. Cela étant, cette filière ne peut pas répondre en moins de trois ans à une injonction politique, même si l’on y est parvenu dans d’autres. C’est pourquoi nous essayons aujourd’hui de trouver des solutions encadrées qui nous permettront de ne pas y revenir dans trois ans",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 217,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p691",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb75bb3743a6c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMSV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne s’agit pas de dire qu’un traitement est mieux qu’un autre. Aujourd’hui, les semences enrobées, ce sont 90 grammes à l’hectare – ce sont des données de la filière, des professionnels. Lorsque l’on se passe de la semence enrobée, deux, trois voire quatre passages d’insecticides sont nécessaires, qui sont fonction de l’évolution de la jaunisse sur les betteraves. Et avec ces épandages, on ne tue pas les pucerons, mais toute la biodiversité. Aujourd’hui, il ne s’agit pas de remplacer les néonicotinoïdes par des passages d’insecticides, mais d’une dérogation encadrée, accompagnée à la fois d’un contrôle scientifique et d’une évaluation et d’un contrôle parlementaire et d’une évaluation. Cela permettra de trouver dans les trois ans des solutions sur lesquelles on travaille depuis 2016. Je fais partie de ceux qui ont voté la loi 2016, mais il n’y a pas ici les amis et les ennemis des néonicotinoïdes : nous sommes tous engagés pour une agriculture plus saine, plus sûre et plus durable. C’est le sens de l’action que nous menons ici. Cela étant, cette filière ne peut pas répondre en moins de trois ans à une injonction politique, même si l’on y est parvenu dans d’autres. C’est pourquoi nous essayons aujourd’hui de trouver des solutions encadrées qui nous permettront de ne pas y revenir dans trois ans"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p694",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "694",
    "695",
    "696"
   ],
   "order": 694,
   "text": "La rédaction proposée ne circonscrit pas la dérogation aux seuls betteraviers, mais la rend possible pour d’autres cultures. En accordant cette dérogation, la France ouvrirait la voie à des demandes émanant d’autres filières, dont les maïsiculteurs par exemple. Comment le Gouvernement pourrait-il justifier ensuite une fin de non-recevoir à leur endroit ? Les connaissances scientifiques et techniques du moment confirment que des alternatives existent et qu’il faut les mettre en œuvre. Comme le précise la Confédération paysanne, ces alternatives nécessitent de repenser les modes de production en plaçant les cultures dans un écosystème comportant des ravageurs mais aussi des alliés. La santé des plantes ne peut être pensée de façon isolée. Haies, rotations assez longues, taille raisonnable des parcelles, diverses méthodes de lutte biologique dont la conservation des habitats des auxiliaires, biostimulants, etc. peuvent permettre de mieux réguler les populations de pucerons. Le système actuel est à bout de souffle et il est nécessaire de transformer notre modèle en une agriculture plus moderne et durable. C’est tout le sens de ces deux amendements.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 173,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p694",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N55d6f02ffcec",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MSV",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La rédaction proposée ne circonscrit pas la dérogation aux seuls betteraviers, mais la rend possible pour d’autres cultures. En accordant cette dérogation, la France ouvrirait la voie à des demandes émanant d’autres filières, dont les maïsiculteurs par exemple. Comment le Gouvernement pourrait-il justifier ensuite une fin de non-recevoir à leur endroit ? Les connaissances scientifiques et techniques du moment confirment que des alternatives existent et qu’il faut les mettre en œuvre. Comme le précise la Confédération paysanne, ces alternatives nécessitent de repenser les modes de production en plaçant les cultures dans un écosystème comportant des ravageurs mais aussi des alliés. La santé des plantes ne peut être pensée de façon isolée. Haies, rotations assez longues, taille raisonnable des parcelles, diverses méthodes de lutte biologique dont la conservation des habitats des auxiliaires, biostimulants, etc. peuvent permettre de mieux réguler les populations de pucerons. Le système actuel est à bout de souffle et il est nécessaire de transformer notre modèle en une agriculture plus moderne et durable. C’est tout le sens de ces deux amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p697",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "697",
    "698"
   ],
   "order": 697,
   "text": "Le contenu de l’amendement CE21 n’a pas de rapport avec les arguments que vous développez pour le défendre… Quand à l’amendement CE22, il aurait pour conséquence de créer une possibilité de dérogation prévue à la première phrase qui serait plus faiblement encadrée que ce que nous prévoyons Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p697",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb86fcb0b1ea0",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le contenu de l’amendement CE21 n’a pas de rapport avec les arguments que vous développez pour le défendre… Quand à l’amendement CE22, il aurait pour conséquence de créer une possibilité de dérogation prévue à la première phrase qui serait plus faiblement encadrée que ce que nous prévoyons Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p702",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "702"
   ],
   "order": 702,
   "text": "Cet amendement raccourcit la durée des dérogations à 2022 au lieu de 2023. Il n’est pas certain que des alternatives satisfaisantes seront trouvées d’ici à 2022, mais limiter la dérogation à 2022 permet d’abord d’inciter la filière à accroître ses efforts de développement alternatif. C’est pourquoi la commission du développement durable a adopté cet amendement. Cette restriction dans le temps doit aussi s’accompagner d’autres garanties. C’est l’objet des autres amendements adoptés par ma commission",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p702",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6c2567760f1a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement raccourcit la durée des dérogations à 2022 au lieu de 2023. Il n’est pas certain que des alternatives satisfaisantes seront trouvées d’ici à 2022, mais limiter la dérogation à 2022 permet d’abord d’inciter la filière à accroître ses efforts de développement alternatif. C’est pourquoi la commission du développement durable a adopté cet amendement. Cette restriction dans le temps doit aussi s’accompagner d’autres garanties. C’est l’objet des autres amendements adoptés par ma commission"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p703",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "703",
    "704",
    "705"
   ],
   "order": 703,
   "text": "Avis défavorable J’ai exposé dans mon rapport les nombreux travaux de recherche commencés aux niveaux français et européen. Ils exigent du temps pour aboutir et je crois que la durée de trois ans est raisonnable. Pour mémoire, je rappelle qu’il faut environ cinq ans pour mettre sur le marché une variété reconnue tolérante. Si l’on parle de cinq ans alors que l’objectif est de trois ans, c’est parce que des projets sont en cours. Il est vrai que la filière a pris beaucoup de retard et nous sommes unanimes pour dire qu’il faut maintenir la pression sur elle et l’accompagner. Mais elle a tout de même démarré des programmes, comme le programme AKER, lancé en 2012 qui s’achève cette année. On va donc dans le bon sens. Je précise que le texte, tel qu’il est rédigé, ne prévoit pas une dérogation de trois ans pour trois ans, mais de trois ans en trois fois un an. Autrement dit, on va peut-être trouver des solutions alternatives dans certaines zones, certaines régions, ce qui fera que d’autres dérogations seront accordées en 2021 ou 2022. Les auditions que j’ai menées avec bon nombre d’entre vous ont clairement montré que cette période de trois ans est nécessaire.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 203,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p703",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7d4c31f73018",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable J’ai exposé dans mon rapport les nombreux travaux de recherche commencés aux niveaux français et européen. Ils exigent du temps pour aboutir et je crois que la durée de trois ans est raisonnable. Pour mémoire, je rappelle qu’il faut environ cinq ans pour mettre sur le marché une variété reconnue tolérante. Si l’on parle de cinq ans alors que l’objectif est de trois ans, c’est parce que des projets sont en cours. Il est vrai que la filière a pris beaucoup de retard et nous sommes unanimes pour dire qu’il faut maintenir la pression sur elle et l’accompagner. Mais elle a tout de même démarré des programmes, comme le programme AKER, lancé en 2012 qui s’achève cette année. On va donc dans le bon sens. Je précise que le texte, tel qu’il est rédigé, ne prévoit pas une dérogation de trois ans pour trois ans, mais de trois ans en trois fois un an. Autrement dit, on va peut-être trouver des solutions alternatives dans certaines zones, certaines régions, ce qui fera que d’autres dérogations seront accordées en 2021 ou 2022. Les auditions que j’ai menées avec bon nombre d’entre vous ont clairement montré que cette période de trois ans est nécessaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p706",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "706",
    "707",
    "708"
   ],
   "order": 706,
   "text": "J’ai émis hier, en commission du développement durable, un avis défavorable sur cet amendement pour deux raisons Premièrement, contrairement à d’autres recherches scientifiques, la recherche agronomique a besoin, à la fin, d’être testée in situ. Ce n’est pas comme en laboratoire, il ne s’agit plus de mettre des drosophiles dans une boîte de Petri, il faut trouver la semence, semer la haie et que la condition météorologique soit la bonne. Bref, il faut qu’un ensemble de conditions soient réunies. On dit souvent qu’un agriculteur a dans sa vie la possibilité de faire quarante‑deux tests, pas davantage. Cela correspond tout simplement au nombre d’années pendant lesquelles il est en activité. S’il en fait plus, c’est parce qu’il ne part pas à la retraite… Deuxièmement, le projet de loi nous permet d’utiliser des dérogations au titre de l’article 53 du règlement européen : « Une dérogation peut être utilisée lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». Dit autrement, la responsabilité du Gouvernement serait engagée s’il utilisait cet article 53 alors qu’une alternative existerait. L’année 2023 est un maximum, sachant que si une alternative est trouvée avant cette date, je n’aurai pas la possibilité d’utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen. J’ai proposé hier – je parle sous le contrôle de la présidente de la commission du développement durable – de donner à l’ensemble des membres le détail de cette analyse juridique en amont de l’examen du texte en séance publique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 248,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p706",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfc841937312b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai émis hier, en commission du développement durable, un avis défavorable sur cet amendement pour deux raisons Premièrement, contrairement à d’autres recherches scientifiques, la recherche agronomique a besoin, à la fin, d’être testée in situ. Ce n’est pas comme en laboratoire, il ne s’agit plus de mettre des drosophiles dans une boîte de Petri, il faut trouver la semence, semer la haie et que la condition météorologique soit la bonne. Bref, il faut qu’un ensemble de conditions soient réunies. On dit souvent qu’un agriculteur a dans sa vie la possibilité de faire quarante‑deux tests, pas davantage. Cela correspond tout simplement au nombre d’années pendant lesquelles il est en activité. S’il en fait plus, c’est parce qu’il ne part pas à la retraite… Deuxièmement, le projet de loi nous permet d’utiliser des dérogations au titre de l’article 53 du règlement européen : « Une dérogation peut être utilisée lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». Dit autrement, la responsabilité du Gouvernement serait engagée s’il utilisait cet article 53 alors qu’une alternative existerait. L’année 2023 est un maximum, sachant que si une alternative est trouvée avant cette date, je n’aurai pas la possibilité d’utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen. J’ai proposé hier – je parle sous le contrôle de la présidente de la commission du développement durable – de donner à l’ensemble des membres le détail de cette analyse juridique en amont de l’examen du texte en séance publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p709",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "709",
    "710"
   ],
   "order": 709,
   "text": "Je voudrais simplement qu’on se remémore ce qui s’est passé depuis 2016. À cette époque, je n’étais pas député, mais conseiller régional et j’ai applaudi des deux mains le vote de cette loi. Avec un petit bémol toutefois, parce que certains réclamaient déjà des dérogations pour la culture des betteraves – on savait à l’époque qu’il n’existait pas d’alternatives et que le pyrèthre n’était pas la bonne solution, comme vous l’indiquez Madame Batho, aux néonicotinoïdes et aux semences enrobées. Si l’on en est à trois ou quatre passages, c’est parce que les pucerons se mettent sous les feuilles, qui les protègent. Mais tous les autres insectes volants, dont les ravageurs des pucerons, meurent à chaque épandage, ce qui pose un vrai problème en matière de biodiversité. Donc on tue autant, voire davantage, la biodiversité en épandant qu’en utilisant des semences néonicotinoïdes Ce que je viens de dire ne satisfait évidemment personne. Or vous voulez fixer une nouvelle fois une date alors que la recherche a peut-être besoin de plus de temps. En fait, vous répétez aux Français le même mensonge qu’en 2016, où on leur avait fait croire qu’en 2018 on aurait trouvé la solution.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 195,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p709",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf62c255b8644",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais simplement qu’on se remémore ce qui s’est passé depuis 2016. À cette époque, je n’étais pas député, mais conseiller régional et j’ai applaudi des deux mains le vote de cette loi. Avec un petit bémol toutefois, parce que certains réclamaient déjà des dérogations pour la culture des betteraves – on savait à l’époque qu’il n’existait pas d’alternatives et que le pyrèthre n’était pas la bonne solution, comme vous l’indiquez Madame Batho, aux néonicotinoïdes et aux semences enrobées. Si l’on en est à trois ou quatre passages, c’est parce que les pucerons se mettent sous les feuilles, qui les protègent. Mais tous les autres insectes volants, dont les ravageurs des pucerons, meurent à chaque épandage, ce qui pose un vrai problème en matière de biodiversité. Donc on tue autant, voire davantage, la biodiversité en épandant qu’en utilisant des semences néonicotinoïdes Ce que je viens de dire ne satisfait évidemment personne. Or vous voulez fixer une nouvelle fois une date alors que la recherche a peut-être besoin de plus de temps. En fait, vous répétez aux Français le même mensonge qu’en 2016, où on leur avait fait croire qu’en 2018 on aurait trouvé la solution."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721976",
   "speaker": "Bruno Millienne",
   "quality": "M. Bruno Millienne.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p712",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "712",
    "713",
    "714"
   ],
   "order": 712,
   "text": "Effectivement Si on en est là aujourd’hui, c’est justement parce que la technique, les recherches n’ont pas abouti. Je ne sais pas si c’est parce qu’on n’a pas mis suffisamment la pression sur la profession, mais aujourd’hui il est impératif de la mettre sur les recherches pour qu’elles aboutissent. On a des solutions, mais cela prend du temps. Les haies bocagères, cela peut être efficace, mais cela ne pousse pas en trois semaines. Et ce n’est pas non plus en trois semaines, Monsieur Potier, que l’on peut passer d’une agriculture conventionnelle à la HVE. Vous voulez continuer à mentir aux gens, ce qui nous amènera à revenir en 2023 dans l’hémicycle pour recommencer le même cinéma. On se fout des citoyens et des agriculteurs. C’est insupportable !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 127,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p712",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Naaccd64b3dc3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Effectivement Si on en est là aujourd’hui, c’est justement parce que la technique, les recherches n’ont pas abouti. Je ne sais pas si c’est parce qu’on n’a pas mis suffisamment la pression sur la profession, mais aujourd’hui il est impératif de la mettre sur les recherches pour qu’elles aboutissent. On a des solutions, mais cela prend du temps. Les haies bocagères, cela peut être efficace, mais cela ne pousse pas en trois semaines. Et ce n’est pas non plus en trois semaines, Monsieur Potier, que l’on peut passer d’une agriculture conventionnelle à la HVE. Vous voulez continuer à mentir aux gens, ce qui nous amènera à revenir en 2023 dans l’hémicycle pour recommencer le même cinéma. On se fout des citoyens et des agriculteurs. C’est insupportable !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p715",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "715",
    "716",
    "717",
    "718",
    "719"
   ],
   "order": 715,
   "text": "Monsieur Millienne, vous m’avez donné de l’élan pour redire ici que si l’on avait suivi le rapport Écophyto produit en 2014, et si une forme d’incurie publique n’avait pas été poursuivie sous l’autorité de cette majorité, on aurait aujourd’hui un processus permanent de régulation de sortie des produits phytopharmaceutiques. L’Institut du développement durable et des relations internationales (IDDRI), l’INRAe et le CIRAD nous disent qu’on peut avoir une Europe sans pesticides en 2050, nourrir l’Europe, exporter en Méditerranée et être dans des échanges justes avec le monde et nourrir le monde. Faire des polémiques molécule par molécule est une mauvaise méthode. Il faut laisser les instituts sanitaires nous dire ce qui est propre, interdit et pas interdit, ne pas faire de l’idéologie ni de l’agribashing, mais travailler sur des processus permanents. Or ce sont ceux que vous avez interrompus en 2017 – je sais, Monsieur le ministre que ce n’est pas de votre faute – avec ce leurre qu’est la séparation de la vente des produits phytopharmaceutiques et du conseil, et alors que nous avions un dispositif qui commençait à faire ses preuves, notamment sur le colza, et qui permettait de réconcilier l’agriculture avec la société Tout à l’heure, en pointant le pyrèthre, ma collègue Delphine Batho a évoqué des questions très précises. L’agriculture de précision, autrement dit le fait d’intervenir seulement lorsque c’est nécessaire, fait au final moins de dégâts écologiques qu’un enrobage des semences à effet systémique. Je précise qu’en disant cela je ne défends pas les produits chimiques. Monsieur Travert, on ne raisonne pas aujourd’hui en grammes ou en kilos – je crois que certains lobbies essaient de remettre l’indice de quantité de substances actives (QSA) comme critère d’Écophyto – mais en nombre de doses unités (NODU) sur la toxicité et la portée globale de la toxicité du produit. Ce n’est pas le poids qui compte, mais son effet sur les milieux. Enfin, je fixe un horizon pour la conversion de la filière betteravière cohérente avec ce qu’on a voté, cher Stéphane Travert, dans la loi ÉGALIM : 50 % de produits sous signe d’identification de la qualité et de l’origine (SIQO) ou HVE3, dont 20 % de produits bio. Ce n’est pas de la compensation, mais un investissement d’avenir sur les marchés du futur. Enfin, Monsieur Millienne, je sais de quoi je parle : quand vous êtes en polyculture élevage avec des systèmes diversifiés et que vous passez en agriculture biologique, vous ne le faites pas en vingt ans mais en deux ans et vous réussissez.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 420,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p715",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N062fab365f9a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Millienne, vous m’avez donné de l’élan pour redire ici que si l’on avait suivi le rapport Écophyto produit en 2014, et si une forme d’incurie publique n’avait pas été poursuivie sous l’autorité de cette majorité, on aurait aujourd’hui un processus permanent de régulation de sortie des produits phytopharmaceutiques. L’Institut du développement durable et des relations internationales (IDDRI), l’INRAe et le CIRAD nous disent qu’on peut avoir une Europe sans pesticides en 2050, nourrir l’Europe, exporter en Méditerranée et être dans des échanges justes avec le monde et nourrir le monde. Faire des polémiques molécule par molécule est une mauvaise méthode. Il faut laisser les instituts sanitaires nous dire ce qui est propre, interdit et pas interdit, ne pas faire de l’idéologie ni de l’agribashing, mais travailler sur des processus permanents. Or ce sont ceux que vous avez interrompus en 2017 – je sais, Monsieur le ministre que ce n’est pas de votre faute – avec ce leurre qu’est la séparation de la vente des produits phytopharmaceutiques et du conseil, et alors que nous avions un dispositif qui commençait à faire ses preuves, notamment sur le colza, et qui permettait de réconcilier l’agriculture avec la société Tout à l’heure, en pointant le pyrèthre, ma collègue [PERSONNE] a évoqué des questions très précises. L’agriculture de précision, autrement dit le fait d’intervenir seulement lorsque c’est nécessaire, fait au final moins de dégâts écologiques qu’un enrobage des semences à effet systémique. Je précise qu’en disant cela je ne défends pas les produits chimiques. Monsieur Travert, on ne raisonne pas aujourd’hui en grammes ou en kilos – je crois que certains lobbies essaient de remettre l’indice de quantité de substances actives (QSA) comme critère d’Écophyto – mais en nombre de doses unités (NODU) sur la toxicité et la portée globale de la toxicité du produit. Ce n’est pas le poids qui compte, mais son effet sur les milieux. Enfin, je fixe un horizon pour la conversion de la filière betteravière cohérente avec ce qu’on a voté, cher [PERSONNE], dans la loi ÉGALIM : 50 % de produits sous signe d’identification de la qualité et de l’origine (SIQO) ou HVE3, dont 20 % de produits bio. Ce n’est pas de la compensation, mais un investissement d’avenir sur les marchés du futur. Enfin, Monsieur Millienne, je sais de quoi je parle : quand vous êtes en polyculture élevage avec des systèmes diversifiés et que vous passez en agriculture biologique, vous ne le faites pas en vingt ans mais en deux ans et vous réussissez."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p720",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "720",
    "721"
   ],
   "order": 720,
   "text": "Un rappel factuel : en 2018, le Gouvernement a refusé la dérogation de deux ans demandée par la filière betterave. Aujourd’hui, on nous parle de 2023. Mais qui nous garantit que ce ne sera pas 2026 ou 2029 ? Reprendre les néonicotinoïdes n’incite pas particulièrement au changement… On ne peut pas dire dans un débat que l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences ne serait que sélectif sur le puceron ou ne produirait pas une contamination généralisée des milieux naturels avec des conséquences en perte de biodiversité massives. Si je dis cela, c’est parce que c’est le cœur de l’argumentation de la filière betterave qui explique que les néonicotinoïdes sont une solution efficace et respectueuse de l’environnement pour lutter contre la jaunisse virale.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 123,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p720",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8771fd019690",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Un rappel factuel : en 2018, le Gouvernement a refusé la dérogation de deux ans demandée par la filière betterave. Aujourd’hui, on nous parle de 2023. Mais qui nous garantit que ce ne sera pas 2026 ou 2029 ? Reprendre les néonicotinoïdes n’incite pas particulièrement au changement… On ne peut pas dire dans un débat que l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences ne serait que sélectif sur le puceron ou ne produirait pas une contamination généralisée des milieux naturels avec des conséquences en perte de biodiversité massives. Si je dis cela, c’est parce que c’est le cœur de l’argumentation de la filière betterave qui explique que les néonicotinoïdes sont une solution efficace et respectueuse de l’environnement pour lutter contre la jaunisse virale."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p726",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "726",
    "727",
    "728"
   ],
   "order": 726,
   "text": "J’ai envie de dire à nos collègues qui demandent toujours plus de temps que l’agriculture écologiquement intensive ne date pas d’hier. Il y a plus de dix ans, à cette table, M. Michel Barnier parlait déjà d’agriculture écologiquement intensive, tout comme M. Stéphane Le Foll il y a huit ans. Qu’on soit éleveur, céréalier, ou maraîcher, on doit comprendre que ce ne sont pas que des mots. Il faut trouver une solution pour celle et ceux qui sont dans l’impasse. On l’a compris, les betteraviers, la filière sucrière et l’industrie du sucre sont dans l’impasse. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous proposez de sortir de cette impasse. Pour ma part, j’aurais souhaité une dérogation très encadrée, limitée à une année d’évaluation, puis un débat pour voir si l’ITB a fait des propositions, et comment l’ANSES et l’ensemble des acteurs avancent sur le sujet Je trouve la proposition de la commission du développement durable raisonnable. Ce qui met les agriculteurs dans une impasse, c’est lorsqu’on décrète une date, comme on l’a fait pour le glyphosate. C’est nous, les parlementaires, qui l’avons fait. J’étais présent dans l’hémicycle, comme d’autres ici, lorsqu’on a voté l’interdiction du glyphosate. On porte encore aujourd’hui cette charge dans nos campagnes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 202,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p726",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N84c5690cb5f7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai envie de dire à nos collègues qui demandent toujours plus de temps que l’agriculture écologiquement intensive ne date pas d’hier. Il y a plus de dix ans, à cette table, M. [PERSONNE] parlait déjà d’agriculture écologiquement intensive, tout comme M. [PERSONNE] il y a huit ans. Qu’on soit éleveur, céréalier, ou maraîcher, on doit comprendre que ce ne sont pas que des mots. Il faut trouver une solution pour celle et ceux qui sont dans l’impasse. On l’a compris, les betteraviers, la filière sucrière et l’industrie du sucre sont dans l’impasse. Monsieur le ministre, vous nous proposez de sortir de cette impasse. Pour ma part, j’aurais souhaité une dérogation très encadrée, limitée à une année d’évaluation, puis un débat pour voir si l’ITB a fait des propositions, et comment l’ANSES et l’ensemble des acteurs avancent sur le sujet Je trouve la proposition de la commission du développement durable raisonnable. Ce qui met les agriculteurs dans une impasse, c’est lorsqu’on décrète une date, comme on l’a fait pour le glyphosate. C’est nous, les parlementaires, qui l’avons fait. J’étais présent dans l’hémicycle, comme d’autres ici, lorsqu’on a voté l’interdiction du glyphosate. On porte encore aujourd’hui cette charge dans nos campagnes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA332228",
   "speaker": "Thierry Benoit",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Benoit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p731",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "731"
   ],
   "order": 731,
   "text": "Il faut une dérogation très encadrée, limitée dans le temps et renouvelable, mais pas trois fois. À cet égard, la proposition de la commission du développement durable me semble raisonnable",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p731",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne4966411c6e4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut une dérogation très encadrée, limitée dans le temps et renouvelable, mais pas trois fois. À cet égard, la proposition de la commission du développement durable me semble raisonnable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607155",
   "speaker": "Yves Daniel",
   "quality": "M. Yves Daniel.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p732",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "732",
    "733"
   ],
   "order": 732,
   "text": "Je voudrais vous faire part de la réalité du terrain. Quand on passe en agriculture biologique, et je sais de quoi je parle, on s’engage dans un système où il n’y a pas d’alternative. Pourtant, depuis plus de vingt ans, on est capable d’apporter la preuve que les alternatives se construisent sur le terrain. Les paysans sont capables de construire les alternatives malgré un système de recherche qui ne les accompagne pas suffisamment. On se trompe de cible : ce n’est pas à la filière qu’il faut demander des compensations, mais à notre système de recherche On se trompe aussi de cible en donnant la priorité à la souveraineté alimentaire. La priorité devrait être plutôt la souveraineté de la santé, de la planète et du vivant, des humains. Je vous l’ai dit, Monsieur le ministre, il est essentiel de considérer l’agriculture comme la porte d’entrée de la santé de la planète et de la santé du vivant. Je ne peux donc pas voter ce projet de loi. La santé doit être la priorité.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 173,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p732",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N337d7821d812",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais vous faire part de la réalité du terrain. Quand on passe en agriculture biologique, et je sais de quoi je parle, on s’engage dans un système où il n’y a pas d’alternative. Pourtant, depuis plus de vingt ans, on est capable d’apporter la preuve que les alternatives se construisent sur le terrain. Les paysans sont capables de construire les alternatives malgré un système de recherche qui ne les accompagne pas suffisamment. On se trompe de cible : ce n’est pas à la filière qu’il faut demander des compensations, mais à notre système de recherche On se trompe aussi de cible en donnant la priorité à la souveraineté alimentaire. La priorité devrait être plutôt la souveraineté de la santé, de la planète et du vivant, des humains. Je vous l’ai dit, Monsieur le ministre, il est essentiel de considérer l’agriculture comme la porte d’entrée de la santé de la planète et de la santé du vivant. Je ne peux donc pas voter ce projet de loi. La santé doit être la priorité."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p734",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "734",
    "735"
   ],
   "order": 734,
   "text": "Je suis d’accord avec Mme Yolaine de Courson lorsqu’elle parle d’Écoantibio : l’utilisation des antibiotiques en santé vétérinaire a été diminuée de 35 %, ce qui réduit considérablement les risques d’antibiorésistance. Mais cela s’est fait dans le temps et en accompagnant, non en fixant de façon abrupte des deadlines sans aucune alternative possible. Lorsqu’on a interdit les antibiotiques, il y avait déjà d’autres possibilités pour soigner les animaux : la prévention, la vaccination, etc Monsieur Potier, si je partage avec vous certains points de vue, je suis en désaccord avec vous en ce qui concerne les certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques (CEPP) qui, à vous entendre, sont une usine à gaz et qui ne fonctionnent pas. Mais c’est mon avis.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 120,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p734",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne35455953ebf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis d’accord avec Mme [PERSONNE] lorsqu’elle parle d’Écoantibio : l’utilisation des antibiotiques en santé vétérinaire a été diminuée de 35 %, ce qui réduit considérablement les risques d’antibiorésistance. Mais cela s’est fait dans le temps et en accompagnant, non en fixant de façon abrupte des deadlines sans aucune alternative possible. Lorsqu’on a interdit les antibiotiques, il y avait déjà d’autres possibilités pour soigner les animaux : la prévention, la vaccination, etc Monsieur Potier, si je partage avec vous certains points de vue, je suis en désaccord avec vous en ce qui concerne les certificats d’économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques (CEPP) qui, à vous entendre, sont une usine à gaz et qui ne fonctionnent pas. Mais c’est mon avis."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719242",
   "speaker": "Jean-Baptiste Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Baptiste Moreau.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p738",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "738",
    "739"
   ],
   "order": 738,
   "text": "Le plan Écophyto est effectivement resté en rade. Il faut le réactiver et l’amplifier. Cela dit, il a donné quelques résultats puisque certaines molécules ont été interdites. Les volumes globaux n’ont pas diminué dans les proportions attendues, mais on a enlevé certaines molécules efficaces pour les remplacer par d’autres dont l’utilisation nécessite des concentrations beaucoup plus faibles Les problèmes des sucreries ne se résument pas à la libéralisation et à la fin des quotas. Ce qui les affecte, c’est aussi le changement climatique. Si la sucrerie de Bourdon, à côté de Clermont-Ferrand, a fermé l’année dernière, c’est parce que les betteraviers ont été incapables de cultiver des betteraves à cause de la sécheresse qui a sévi du mois de mai au mois de septembre. Le changement climatique est effectif et il continue à s’amplifier, ce qui pénalise l’agriculture. Mais l’agriculture n’est pas forcément la cause du changement climatique et de la chute de la biodiversité.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 155,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p738",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7304d21bca17",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le plan Écophyto est effectivement resté en rade. Il faut le réactiver et l’amplifier. Cela dit, il a donné quelques résultats puisque certaines molécules ont été interdites. Les volumes globaux n’ont pas diminué dans les proportions attendues, mais on a enlevé certaines molécules efficaces pour les remplacer par d’autres dont l’utilisation nécessite des concentrations beaucoup plus faibles Les problèmes des sucreries ne se résument pas à la libéralisation et à la fin des quotas. Ce qui les affecte, c’est aussi le changement climatique. Si la sucrerie de Bourdon, à côté de Clermont-Ferrand, a fermé l’année dernière, c’est parce que les betteraviers ont été incapables de cultiver des betteraves à cause de la sécheresse qui a sévi du mois de mai au mois de septembre. Le changement climatique est effectif et il continue à s’amplifier, ce qui pénalise l’agriculture. Mais l’agriculture n’est pas forcément la cause du changement climatique et de la chute de la biodiversité."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p740",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "740",
    "741",
    "742",
    "743",
    "744"
   ],
   "order": 740,
   "text": "Je partage les propos de M. Stéphane Travert. Il y a effectivement un débat sur les semences enrobées versus la pulvérisation. Lorsque des pucerons arrivent sur un champ, il faut appliquer l’insecticide seulement là où on en voit – c’est même écrit sur la notice. Mais dans les faits, on passe sur tout le champ, car on sait bien qu’une seule piqûre de puceron suffit pour que la plante attrape la jaunisse. La grande difficulté de ces comparatifs environnementaux, comme l’a dit M. Nicolas Turquois, réside dans le référentiel : il ne faut pas raisonner au vu de la durée de demi-vie relevée dans un sol dit de laboratoire, mais en fonction de la manière dont c’est appliqué sur le terrain, et cela rend les débats diablement compliqués. Le comparatif doit être fait par rapport aux comportements observés et non simplement par rapport aux analyses chimiques Monsieur Daniel, Monsieur Potier, malheureusement le bio ne résout pas le problème de la jaunisse dans la mesure où même les parcelles bio sont touchées par cette maladie. Ce qui veut pas dire qu’il ne faut pas accélérer la conversion vers le bio et la HVE. En fait, ce sont deux débats différents. Je partage ce qu’a dit M. Daniel sur la recherche. Comme je l’ai dit tout à l’heure à M. Potier, alors qu’on a consacré 700 000 euros à la recherche depuis 2016, on va affecter 7 millions d’euros dans les trois ans qui viennent. La recherche est une responsabilité publique avec l’INRAe, et une responsabilité privée avec l’ITB. Si j’ai décidé de consacrer 7 millions d’euros à la recherche, c’est pour que la pression « dans le tube », soit totale. Cela me permet par ailleurs d’entrer totalement dans la gouvernance de cette recherche. C’est trop facile de dire que tout repose sur le comportement de l’agriculteur et pas suffisamment sur celles et ceux qui sont censés l’accompagner. Je suis très attaché à l’approche par la santé. Comme je l’ai dit dans mon propos introductif, la question qui se pose est celle de la consommation de sucre. Vous avez bien compris que l’objectif c’est d’avoir une filière sucre forte, et que la France devienne le leader mondial de l’agro-écologie sucrière. Pour réussir cette transition, on a besoin de sortir la filière de l’ornière, sinon on mangera du sucre importé dont le bilan nutritionnel n’est pas à envier. Enfin, Monsieur Benoit, l’architecture que je propose comporte deux niveaux. D’abord, une évaluation fine sera faite tous les ans. Un amendement du rapporteur proposera une évaluation encore plus fine, tous les trois mois, avec un comité de suivi associant les chercheurs en présence non seulement du Gouvernement, mais également des parlementaires afin de conforter leur rôle de contrôle. Je le répète, l’architecture même de l’article 53 du règlement européen m’interdit d’avoir recours à la dérogation sitôt qu’existe une alternative crédible. Comme je l’ai dit hier devant la commission du développement durable, la Commission européenne, à la demande de mon ministère, a reproché dernièrement à deux pays, la Roumanie et la Lituanie, de faire une utilisation abusive de ce règlement. On a observé en effet que ces pays multipliaient des demandes récurrentes sans jamais justifier le pourquoi du comment.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 534,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p740",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0fd1e6827a58",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MSV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage les propos de M. [PERSONNE]. Il y a effectivement un débat sur les semences enrobées versus la pulvérisation. Lorsque des pucerons arrivent sur un champ, il faut appliquer l’insecticide seulement là où on en voit – c’est même écrit sur la notice. Mais dans les faits, on passe sur tout le champ, car on sait bien qu’une seule piqûre de puceron suffit pour que la plante attrape la jaunisse. La grande difficulté de ces comparatifs environnementaux, comme l’a dit M. [PERSONNE], réside dans le référentiel : il ne faut pas raisonner au vu de la durée de demi-vie relevée dans un sol dit de laboratoire, mais en fonction de la manière dont c’est appliqué sur le terrain, et cela rend les débats diablement compliqués. Le comparatif doit être fait par rapport aux comportements observés et non simplement par rapport aux analyses chimiques Monsieur Daniel, Monsieur Potier, malheureusement le bio ne résout pas le problème de la jaunisse dans la mesure où même les parcelles bio sont touchées par cette maladie. Ce qui veut pas dire qu’il ne faut pas accélérer la conversion vers le bio et la HVE. En fait, ce sont deux débats différents. Je partage ce qu’a dit M. Daniel sur la recherche. Comme je l’ai dit tout à l’heure à M. Potier, alors qu’on a consacré 700 000 euros à la recherche depuis 2016, on va affecter 7 millions d’euros dans les trois ans qui viennent. La recherche est une responsabilité publique avec l’INRAe, et une responsabilité privée avec l’ITB. Si j’ai décidé de consacrer 7 millions d’euros à la recherche, c’est pour que la pression « dans le tube », soit totale. Cela me permet par ailleurs d’entrer totalement dans la gouvernance de cette recherche. C’est trop facile de dire que tout repose sur le comportement de l’agriculteur et pas suffisamment sur celles et ceux qui sont censés l’accompagner. Je suis très attaché à l’approche par la santé. Comme je l’ai dit dans mon propos introductif, la question qui se pose est celle de la consommation de sucre. Vous avez bien compris que l’objectif c’est d’avoir une filière sucre forte, et que la France devienne le leader mondial de l’agro-écologie sucrière. Pour réussir cette transition, on a besoin de sortir la filière de l’ornière, sinon on mangera du sucre importé dont le bilan nutritionnel n’est pas à envier. Enfin, Monsieur Benoit, l’architecture que je propose comporte deux niveaux. D’abord, une évaluation fine sera faite tous les ans. Un amendement du rapporteur proposera une évaluation encore plus fine, tous les trois mois, avec un comité de suivi associant les chercheurs en présence non seulement du Gouvernement, mais également des parlementaires afin de conforter leur rôle de contrôle. Je le répète, l’architecture même de l’article 53 du règlement européen m’interdit d’avoir recours à la dérogation sitôt qu’existe une alternative crédible. Comme je l’ai dit hier devant la commission du développement durable, la Commission européenne, à la demande de mon ministère, a reproché dernièrement à deux pays, la Roumanie et la Lituanie, de faire une utilisation abusive de ce règlement. On a observé en effet que ces pays multipliaient des demandes récurrentes sans jamais justifier le pourquoi du comment."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719718",
   "speaker": "Laurence Maillart-Méhaignerie",
   "quality": "Mme Laurence Maillart-Méhaignerie.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p745",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "745",
    "746"
   ],
   "order": 745,
   "text": "Quelques mots sur cet amendement que je sais controversé Monsieur le ministre, pourquoi cette dérogation est-elle accordée pour trois ans et non pour cinq ans et, de fait, pourquoi ne pas la ramener à deux ans ? J’aimerais que ce point soit éclairci. Si par hasard cet amendement n’était pas adopté, ce que je ne souhaite pas, cela nous permettrait de comprendre quels sont les enjeux sur la période qui nous est donnée pour cette dérogation.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p745",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nafdc0ad0b040",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Quelques mots sur cet amendement que je sais controversé Monsieur le ministre, pourquoi cette dérogation est-elle accordée pour trois ans et non pour cinq ans et, de fait, pourquoi ne pas la ramener à deux ans ? J’aimerais que ce point soit éclairci. Si par hasard cet amendement n’était pas adopté, ce que je ne souhaite pas, cela nous permettrait de comprendre quels sont les enjeux sur la période qui nous est donnée pour cette dérogation."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p747",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "747",
    "748",
    "749",
    "750",
    "751"
   ],
   "order": 747,
   "text": "Comme je l’ai dit tout à l’heure à Monsieur Potier, il est certain que la solution n’est pas chimique. Vous avez compris que nous avons beaucoup cherché : elle n’est pas non plus économique. La solution ne peut être qu’agronomique et elle comporte trois volets : la sélection de la semence, le biocontrôle et la pratique culturale La sélection de la semence nécessite de reprendre le phénotype de toutes les semences. Or il existe une banque de semences de betterave – c’est d’ailleurs un des atouts du programme AKER que j’ai évoqué tout à l’heure en réponse à M. Dive. Parmi les phénotypes déjà réalisés, quelques semences seraient vraisemblablement résistantes à un ou deux virus sur les quatre qui sont inoculés par le puceron. La sélection de la semence va nécessiter du temps, mais ce sera probablement la voie la plus rapide. Quant aux deux autres volets, si l’on veut être certain qu’ils fonctionnent, il est obligatoire de faire des tests in vivo, grandeur nature. Ce qui est compliqué avec le biocontrôle, c’est qu’il faut toujours trouver une cinétique entre le ravageur et celui que vous voulez manger : en fait, il ne suffit pas d’introduire la coccinelle ou la mini-guêpe, encore faut-il que ces insectes arrivent lorsque le puceron est déjà présent pour pouvoir se nourrir, mais qu’ils grandissent plus vite que le puceron pour pouvoir l’anéantir… Cela exige un écosystème très précis. Si, l’année où vous effectuez les tests, les conditions climatiques ne sont pas les bonnes, vous ne pourrez pas en tirer de conclusions. Du coup, cela ne laisse que deux années et demie de tests, si je puis dire. C’est la même chose en ce qui concerne les pratiques culturales. Une des pistes consiste à réduire la taille des parcelles. Mais certains soutiennent que cela ne marche pas, d’autres qu’on peut réduire la taille de la parcelle à condition qu’elle soit beaucoup plus longue que large, ou encore que cela peut marcher si l’on y met de l’avoine… Tout cela nécessite des tests. Mais, je le répète, le jour où on trouvera une solution, de facto je ne pourrai plus utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen. Voilà pourquoi je propose ces trois années, avec ce cadre de suivi tel que va le proposer le rapporteur.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 379,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p747",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7ee91d027b9f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Comme je l’ai dit tout à l’heure à Monsieur Potier, il est certain que la solution n’est pas chimique. Vous avez compris que nous avons beaucoup cherché : elle n’est pas non plus économique. La solution ne peut être qu’agronomique et elle comporte trois volets : la sélection de la semence, le biocontrôle et la pratique culturale La sélection de la semence nécessite de reprendre le phénotype de toutes les semences. Or il existe une banque de semences de betterave – c’est d’ailleurs un des atouts du programme AKER que j’ai évoqué tout à l’heure en réponse à M. Dive. Parmi les phénotypes déjà réalisés, quelques semences seraient vraisemblablement résistantes à un ou deux virus sur les quatre qui sont inoculés par le puceron. La sélection de la semence va nécessiter du temps, mais ce sera probablement la voie la plus rapide. Quant aux deux autres volets, si l’on veut être certain qu’ils fonctionnent, il est obligatoire de faire des tests in vivo, grandeur nature. Ce qui est compliqué avec le biocontrôle, c’est qu’il faut toujours trouver une cinétique entre le ravageur et celui que vous voulez manger : en fait, il ne suffit pas d’introduire la coccinelle ou la mini-guêpe, encore faut-il que ces insectes arrivent lorsque le puceron est déjà présent pour pouvoir se nourrir, mais qu’ils grandissent plus vite que le puceron pour pouvoir l’anéantir… Cela exige un écosystème très précis. Si, l’année où vous effectuez les tests, les conditions climatiques ne sont pas les bonnes, vous ne pourrez pas en tirer de conclusions. Du coup, cela ne laisse que deux années et demie de tests, si je puis dire. C’est la même chose en ce qui concerne les pratiques culturales. Une des pistes consiste à réduire la taille des parcelles. Mais certains soutiennent que cela ne marche pas, d’autres qu’on peut réduire la taille de la parcelle à condition qu’elle soit beaucoup plus longue que large, ou encore que cela peut marcher si l’on y met de l’avoine… Tout cela nécessite des tests. Mais, je le répète, le jour où on trouvera une solution, de facto je ne pourrai plus utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen. Voilà pourquoi je propose ces trois années, avec ce cadre de suivi tel que va le proposer le rapporteur."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p757",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "757"
   ],
   "order": 757,
   "text": "Monsieur Becht, vous avez parfaitement raison de vous attarder sur cet aspect des choses que le groupe majoritaire a toujours défendu depuis le début. Nous devons encadrer au maximum ce projet de loi en direction de la filière betterave, mais plus spécialement de la filière betteravière. Mais il ne faut pas oublier que cette limitation pourrait être perçue comme une rupture d’égalité devant la loi. Aussi vous inviterai-je à retirer cet amendement au profit de l’amendement CE67 de la rapporteure pour avis, encore plus restrictif que le vôtre puisqu’il traite de semences de betteraves sucrières. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p757",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0010b50461da",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Becht, vous avez parfaitement raison de vous attarder sur cet aspect des choses que le groupe majoritaire a toujours défendu depuis le début. Nous devons encadrer au maximum ce projet de loi en direction de la filière betterave, mais plus spécialement de la filière betteravière. Mais il ne faut pas oublier que cette limitation pourrait être perçue comme une rupture d’égalité devant la loi. Aussi vous inviterai-je à retirer cet amendement au profit de l’amendement CE67 de la rapporteure pour avis, encore plus restrictif que le vôtre puisqu’il traite de semences de betteraves sucrières. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p758",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "758"
   ],
   "order": 758,
   "text": "Je demande moi aussi le retrait de cet amendement. Il est bien entendu que les dérogations ne concerneront que les betteraves sucrières. Au-delà de cet objectif politique se pose une vraie question de rédaction légistique qui nécessite d’être travaillée",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p758",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1aa986929c97",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je demande moi aussi le retrait de cet amendement. Il est bien entendu que les dérogations ne concerneront que les betteraves sucrières. Au-delà de cet objectif politique se pose une vraie question de rédaction légistique qui nécessite d’être travaillée"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721568",
   "speaker": "Pierre Person",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Person.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p762",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "762"
   ],
   "order": 762,
   "text": "Cet amendement, qui tire les conclusions de l’étude d’impact et de l’avis du Conseil d’État, vise à circonscrire le champ d’application du texte à la seule culture de la betterave sucrière. Le Conseil d’État estime en effet qu’en l’état du projet de loi, le régime de dérogation serait extensif et susceptible, en cas de besoin, de s’appliquer à d’autres cultures",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p762",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6d84dbed5339",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement, qui tire les conclusions de l’étude d’impact et de l’avis du Conseil d’État, vise à circonscrire le champ d’application du texte à la seule culture de la betterave sucrière. Le Conseil d’État estime en effet qu’en l’état du projet de loi, le régime de dérogation serait extensif et susceptible, en cas de besoin, de s’appliquer à d’autres cultures"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p763",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "763"
   ],
   "order": 763,
   "text": "Demande de retrait ou, à défaut, avis défavorable : comme pour l’amendement précédent, je vous renvoie à l’amendement de la commission du développement durable, qui va dans le même sens",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p763",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbb37fa2969d4",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Demande de retrait ou, à défaut, avis défavorable : comme pour l’amendement précédent, je vous renvoie à l’amendement de la commission du développement durable, qui va dans le même sens"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p768",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "768"
   ],
   "order": 768,
   "text": "Demande de retrait ou, à défaut, avis défavorable : cet amendement va dans la bonne direction, mais la commission du développement durable – pardonnez-moi de faire du teasing – a adopté hier un amendement visant le même objectif et dont la rédaction me paraît plus précise",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p768",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne7c73c4592db",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Demande de retrait ou, à défaut, avis défavorable : cet amendement va dans la bonne direction, mais la commission du développement durable – pardonnez-moi de faire du teasing – a adopté hier un amendement visant le même objectif et dont la rédaction me paraît plus précise"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p769",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "769"
   ],
   "order": 769,
   "text": "Nous avons déjà eu ce débat hier soir. Le projet de loi se fonde sur l’article 53 du règlement européen du 21 octobre 2009 concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui permet à la ministre de la transition écologique et au ministre de l’agriculture de prendre un arrêté de mise sur le marché exceptionnelle. L’amendement adopté par la commission du développement durable, qui sera examiné tout à l’heure, renvoie la fixation des conditions auxquelles seront soumises les dérogations non à un décret en Conseil d’État, mais à l’arrêté évoqué à l’alinéa 2 de l’article unique du projet de loi",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p769",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncdc662fe9d38",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons déjà eu ce débat hier soir. Le projet de loi se fonde sur l’article 53 du règlement européen du 21 octobre 2009 concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui permet à la ministre de la transition écologique et au ministre de l’agriculture de prendre un arrêté de mise sur le marché exceptionnelle. L’amendement adopté par la commission du développement durable, qui sera examiné tout à l’heure, renvoie la fixation des conditions auxquelles seront soumises les dérogations non à un décret en Conseil d’État, mais à l’arrêté évoqué à l’alinéa 2 de l’article unique du projet de loi"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p774",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "774"
   ],
   "order": 774,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à interdire les cultures attirant les abeilles après l’usage de néonicotinoïdes. Il est essentiel de prendre une telle mesure. La durée de cette interdiction sera précisée dans les arrêtés portant dérogation, de même que son étendue géographique et les cultures concernées",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p774",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N37ed2da69885",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à interdire les cultures attirant les abeilles après l’usage de néonicotinoïdes. Il est essentiel de prendre une telle mesure. La durée de cette interdiction sera précisée dans les arrêtés portant dérogation, de même que son étendue géographique et les cultures concernées"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719718",
   "speaker": "Laurence Maillart-Méhaignerie",
   "quality": "Mme Laurence Maillart-Méhaignerie.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p777",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "777"
   ],
   "order": 777,
   "text": "Je précise que la commission du développement durable a aussi adopté un autre amendement qui devrait répondre aux attentes de nos collègues, puisqu’il tend à limiter les possibilités de dérogation aux seules betteraves sucrières. Nous l’examinerons un peu plus tard",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p777",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb6f80afb814a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je précise que la commission du développement durable a aussi adopté un autre amendement qui devrait répondre aux attentes de nos collègues, puisqu’il tend à limiter les possibilités de dérogation aux seules betteraves sucrières. Nous l’examinerons un peu plus tard"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p778",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "778",
    "779"
   ],
   "order": 778,
   "text": "Le présent amendement a ceci de positif qu’il reconnaît qu’on est confronté à un phénomène de contamination. Le problème, c’est que les néonicotinoïdes ne sont contrôlables ni dans le temps, ni dans l’espace. Des travaux scientifiques montrent que l’on retrouve dans les parcelles des traces de ces produits plus de cinq ans après leur utilisation ; pour certains, la durée de rémanence est de vingt ans, avec des mécanismes d’accumulation des substances en fonction du pH, de la météo, etc. Considérer qu’il suffirait de surveiller la parcelle où ont été utilisées les semences enrobées est absurde, d’autant que cet amendement aurait une autre conséquence sur les pollinisateurs, puisqu’il les priverait de nourriture. Or, parmi les causes de l’effondrement des populations de pollinisateurs, il y a certes l’utilisation des produits chimiques et des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi le manque de nourriture Bref, vous aurez beau chercher des solutions, quand on introduit dans un milieu naturel un produit extrêmement toxique à faible dose, rémanent et très contaminant, il est impossible de protéger les insectes, les pollinisateurs et les vers de terre. C’est un mouton à cinq pattes !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 185,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p778",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0ffb1b22aefb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le présent amendement a ceci de positif qu’il reconnaît qu’on est confronté à un phénomène de contamination. Le problème, c’est que les néonicotinoïdes ne sont contrôlables ni dans le temps, ni dans l’espace. Des travaux scientifiques montrent que l’on retrouve dans les parcelles des traces de ces produits plus de cinq ans après leur utilisation ; pour certains, la durée de rémanence est de vingt ans, avec des mécanismes d’accumulation des substances en fonction du pH, de la météo, etc. Considérer qu’il suffirait de surveiller la parcelle où ont été utilisées les semences enrobées est absurde, d’autant que cet amendement aurait une autre conséquence sur les pollinisateurs, puisqu’il les priverait de nourriture. Or, parmi les causes de l’effondrement des populations de pollinisateurs, il y a certes l’utilisation des produits chimiques et des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi le manque de nourriture Bref, vous aurez beau chercher des solutions, quand on introduit dans un milieu naturel un produit extrêmement toxique à faible dose, rémanent et très contaminant, il est impossible de protéger les insectes, les pollinisateurs et les vers de terre. C’est un mouton à cinq pattes !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p780",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "780",
    "781",
    "782"
   ],
   "order": 780,
   "text": "Chère collègue, premièrement, dans 95 % des cas, les cultures qui suivent les cultures de betterave sont des cultures de céréales : blé si la récolte est faite en septembre, orge si elle survient en décembre. Or les céréales ne fleurissent pas : on ne priverait donc pas plus qu’aujourd’hui les abeilles de nourriture Deuxièmement, bien sûr que ces produits laissent des traces : on trouve aujourd’hui encore des traces d’atrazine, un herbicide dont l’interdiction doit remonter à la fin des années 1990 ! Si l’on cherche, on trouvera toujours des doses infinitésimales des produits qui ont été utilisés. Cela ayant été précisé, je voudrais faire une remarque sur l’amendement. Il est indiqué dans l’exposé sommaire que les modalités de cette interdiction devront être précisées par voie réglementaire, notamment « son étendue géographique autour des surfaces où des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes ont été semées » : il me semble difficile d’étendre l’interdiction au-delà de la parcelle concernée, car un producteur peut difficilement être tenu responsable des choix de culture de son voisin.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 173,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p780",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N93ef54e9ccec",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Chère collègue, premièrement, dans 95 % des cas, les cultures qui suivent les cultures de betterave sont des cultures de céréales : blé si la récolte est faite en septembre, orge si elle survient en décembre. Or les céréales ne fleurissent pas : on ne priverait donc pas plus qu’aujourd’hui les abeilles de nourriture Deuxièmement, bien sûr que ces produits laissent des traces : on trouve aujourd’hui encore des traces d’atrazine, un herbicide dont l’interdiction doit remonter à la fin des années 1990 ! Si l’on cherche, on trouvera toujours des doses infinitésimales des produits qui ont été utilisés. Cela ayant été précisé, je voudrais faire une remarque sur l’amendement. Il est indiqué dans l’exposé sommaire que les modalités de cette interdiction devront être précisées par voie réglementaire, notamment « son étendue géographique autour des surfaces où des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes ont été semées » : il me semble difficile d’étendre l’interdiction au-delà de la parcelle concernée, car un producteur peut difficilement être tenu responsable des choix de culture de son voisin."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p787",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "787",
    "788",
    "789"
   ],
   "order": 787,
   "text": "L’amendement CE63 tend à créer un conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes. Les membres de ce conseil exerceront leurs fonctions à titre gratuit – il est important de le signaler. Il serait inscrit dans la loi que ce conseil comprendra quatre députés et quatre sénateurs désignés par les commissions permanentes compétentes en matière d’agriculture et d’environnement de l’Assemblée nationale et du Sénat Le conseil comprendra aussi le délégué interministériel pour la filière sucre et des représentants des ministères chargés de l’environnement et de l’agriculture, du Conseil économique, social et environnemental, des associations de protection de l’environnement, des syndicats agricoles, des filières de production et de transformation concernées, de l’Institut technique de la betterave et des établissements publics de recherche. Il se réunira trimestriellement pour assurer le contrôle des avancées en matière de recherche et de mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits néonicotinoïdes. En résumé, le conseil de surveillance assurera non seulement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle du dispositif retenu et pourra formuler des avis.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 181,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p787",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf07f4090a811",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CE63 tend à créer un conseil de surveillance chargé du suivi de la recherche et de la mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes. Les membres de ce conseil exerceront leurs fonctions à titre gratuit – il est important de le signaler. Il serait inscrit dans la loi que ce conseil comprendra quatre députés et quatre sénateurs désignés par les commissions permanentes compétentes en matière d’agriculture et d’environnement de l’Assemblée nationale et du Sénat Le conseil comprendra aussi le délégué interministériel pour la filière sucre et des représentants des ministères chargés de l’environnement et de l’agriculture, du Conseil économique, social et environnemental, des associations de protection de l’environnement, des syndicats agricoles, des filières de production et de transformation concernées, de l’Institut technique de la betterave et des établissements publics de recherche. Il se réunira trimestriellement pour assurer le contrôle des avancées en matière de recherche et de mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux produits néonicotinoïdes. En résumé, le conseil de surveillance assurera non seulement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle du dispositif retenu et pourra formuler des avis."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720256",
   "speaker": "Géraldine Bannier",
   "quality": "Mme Géraldine Bannier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p790",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "790"
   ],
   "order": 790,
   "text": "Les deux sous-amendements déposés par les membres du groupe MODEM visent à préciser et renforcer les missions du conseil de surveillance, en indiquant, pour le sous-amendement CE69, que le conseil est chargé de contrôler non seulement les avancées, mais aussi l’efficacité des tests en matière de recherche et de mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes et, pour le CE70, qu’il suivra l’état d’avancement du plan de prévention mis en œuvre par la filière de production betteravière",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p790",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N405852ae12b7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les deux sous-amendements déposés par les membres du groupe [GROUPE] visent à préciser et renforcer les missions du conseil de surveillance, en indiquant, pour le sous-amendement CE69, que le conseil est chargé de contrôler non seulement les avancées, mais aussi l’efficacité des tests en matière de recherche et de mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes et, pour le CE70, qu’il suivra l’état d’avancement du plan de prévention mis en œuvre par la filière de production betteravière"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721568",
   "speaker": "Pierre Person",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Person.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p791",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "791"
   ],
   "order": 791,
   "text": "Je retire mon amendement CE52 au profit de l’amendement du rapporteur. Il serait en outre nécessaire que l’on rende régulièrement compte à nos concitoyens de la situation de la filière",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p791",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8e06d7aafb18",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je retire mon amendement CE52 au profit de l’amendement du rapporteur. Il serait en outre nécessaire que l’on rende régulièrement compte à nos concitoyens de la situation de la filière"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p796",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "796"
   ],
   "order": 796,
   "text": "L’amendement présenté par le rapporteur est extrêmement important. C’est une des pierres de l’édifice que nous sommes en train de bâtir. Son adoption permettrait d’assurer le respect des engagements pris, de suivre l’avancée de la recherche d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes et de pleinement associer la Représentation nationale. J’y suis par conséquent très favorable, ainsi qu’aux deux sous-amendements présentés par le groupe MODEM, qui viennent préciser les missions de ce conseil de surveillance",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p796",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5e73fc3572a3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement présenté par le rapporteur est extrêmement important. C’est une des pierres de l’édifice que nous sommes en train de bâtir. Son adoption permettrait d’assurer le respect des engagements pris, de suivre l’avancée de la recherche d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes et de pleinement associer la Représentation nationale. J’y suis par conséquent très favorable, ainsi qu’aux deux sous-amendements présentés par le groupe [GROUPE], qui viennent préciser les missions de ce conseil de surveillance"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p797",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "797",
    "798"
   ],
   "order": 797,
   "text": "Pour ma part, je ne suis pas adepte des comités Théodule. Il y a le Parlement, et le Gouvernement a déjà la possibilité de faire un certain nombre de choses D’autre part, ce conseil devra travailler, notamment rédiger un rapport annuel ; cela suppose la mobilisation de fonctionnaires. L’amendement crée donc une charge. Dans la mesure où il provient du Parlement et non du Gouvernement, est-il recevable au titre de l’article 40 de la Constitution ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p797",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nde2e8e73d157",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ma part, je ne suis pas adepte des comités Théodule. Il y a le Parlement, et le Gouvernement a déjà la possibilité de faire un certain nombre de choses D’autre part, ce conseil devra travailler, notamment rédiger un rapport annuel ; cela suppose la mobilisation de fonctionnaires. L’amendement crée donc une charge. Dans la mesure où il provient du Parlement et non du Gouvernement, est-il recevable au titre de l’article 40 de la Constitution ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p800",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "800",
    "801"
   ],
   "order": 800,
   "text": "Certes, mais le temps de travail des fonctionnaires n’est pas gratuit ! Cependant, dont acte : je prendrai cet amendement comme modèle pour la rédaction des nôtres. On ne pourra plus nous opposer l’article 40 !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p800",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb5f49074b47f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Certes, mais le temps de travail des fonctionnaires n’est pas gratuit ! Cependant, dont acte : je prendrai cet amendement comme modèle pour la rédaction des nôtres. On ne pourra plus nous opposer l’article 40 !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722336",
   "speaker": "Vincent Thiébaut",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Thiébaut.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p803",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "803",
    "804"
   ],
   "order": 803,
   "text": "Je me félicite du dépôt par le rapporteur de cet excellent amendement. C’est un point qui tient à cœur aux commissaires du développement durable, en particulier à ceux du groupe La République en Marche : assurer non seulement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle du dispositif Une question toutefois, Monsieur le ministre : l’amendement mentionne le délégué interministériel pour la filière sucre parmi les membres du conseil. Or la création de ce poste est une promesse que le Président de la République a faite à la filière. Rien ne dit qu’il sera maintenu jusqu’en 2023. N’est-il pas problématique de l’inscrire dans la loi ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p803",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N149065eef8d5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je me félicite du dépôt par le rapporteur de cet excellent amendement. C’est un point qui tient à cœur aux commissaires du développement durable, en particulier à ceux du groupe [GROUPE] : assurer non seulement le suivi, mais aussi le contrôle du dispositif Une question toutefois, Monsieur le ministre : l’amendement mentionne le délégué interministériel pour la filière sucre parmi les membres du conseil. Or la création de ce poste est une promesse que le Président de la République a faite à la filière. Rien ne dit qu’il sera maintenu jusqu’en 2023. N’est-il pas problématique de l’inscrire dans la loi ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p805",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "805"
   ],
   "order": 805,
   "text": "Tout à l’heure, M. Potier disait que le conseil de surveillance du plan Écophyto ne se réunissait jamais. Pourquoi créer un nouveau conseil, réservé à une culture spécifique, alors qu’il suffirait peut-être de réactiver celui-ci ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p805",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N69cab56785ab",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Tout à l’heure, M. Potier disait que le conseil de surveillance du plan Écophyto ne se réunissait jamais. Pourquoi créer un nouveau conseil, réservé à une culture spécifique, alors qu’il suffirait peut-être de réactiver celui-ci ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p806",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "806"
   ],
   "order": 806,
   "text": "Le conseil de surveillance ne sera pas un comité Théodule, Madame Batho. Vous le savez, puisque vous avez suivi – de même que M. Villani – la totalité des auditions que nous avons menées : personne ne nous a indiqués ne pas vouloir siéger à ce conseil. Pourquoi ? Parce qu’il y a un cruel manque de communication entre les acteurs. À chaque audition, le message qui nous a été délivré, c’est que c’est toujours la faute aux autres… Les ONG nous ont dit : « En 2016, nous avons commencé à discuter ensemble, mais il n’y avait aucune obligation à le faire et en 2017 nous avons coupé court à toute communication avec l’industrie sucrière et avec les planteurs de betteraves ». Même son de cloche du côté des planteurs de betteraves, qui estiment que les ONG se radicalisent et qu’elles ne veulent plus discuter avec eux. Par conséquent, l’objectif, aujourd’hui, n’est pas de créer un comité Théodule, il est de constituer un conseil de surveillance, qui évaluera les avancées en cours et vérifiera tous les trois mois que le plan d’action présenté par la filière est bien suivi. J’ai peut-être été un peu virulent tout à l’heure, mais la réalité, c’est que le mur devant lequel nous nous trouvons aujourd’hui, nous ne l’avions pas aperçu à l’époque. Ce que je ne souhaite pas, c’est qu’on éteigne la lumière et qu’on se retrouve dans trois ans à procéder à de nouvelles auditions et à refaire le débat. Le conseil de surveillance permettra de veiller à ce que l’on ne s’engage pas dans une autre impasse et de suivre les avancées techniques et scientifiques qui permettront l’essor de nouvelles pratiques culturales",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 281,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p806",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5037b11976ca",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le conseil de surveillance ne sera pas un comité Théodule, Madame Batho. Vous le savez, puisque vous avez suivi – de même que M. Villani – la totalité des auditions que nous avons menées : personne ne nous a indiqués ne pas vouloir siéger à ce conseil. Pourquoi ? Parce qu’il y a un cruel manque de communication entre les acteurs. À chaque audition, le message qui nous a été délivré, c’est que c’est toujours la faute aux autres… Les ONG nous ont dit : « En 2016, nous avons commencé à discuter ensemble, mais il n’y avait aucune obligation à le faire et en 2017 nous avons coupé court à toute communication avec l’industrie sucrière et avec les planteurs de betteraves ». Même son de cloche du côté des planteurs de betteraves, qui estiment que les ONG se radicalisent et qu’elles ne veulent plus discuter avec eux. Par conséquent, l’objectif, aujourd’hui, n’est pas de créer un comité Théodule, il est de constituer un conseil de surveillance, qui évaluera les avancées en cours et vérifiera tous les trois mois que le plan d’action présenté par la filière est bien suivi. J’ai peut-être été un peu virulent tout à l’heure, mais la réalité, c’est que le mur devant lequel nous nous trouvons aujourd’hui, nous ne l’avions pas aperçu à l’époque. Ce que je ne souhaite pas, c’est qu’on éteigne la lumière et qu’on se retrouve dans trois ans à procéder à de nouvelles auditions et à refaire le débat. Le conseil de surveillance permettra de veiller à ce que l’on ne s’engage pas dans une autre impasse et de suivre les avancées techniques et scientifiques qui permettront l’essor de nouvelles pratiques culturales"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p807",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "807",
    "808"
   ],
   "order": 807,
   "text": "Madame Taurine, le conseil de surveillance Écophyto comprend quatre ministres et se réunit, de mémoire, une fois par an, alors que ce que propose le rapporteur, c’est de réunir tous les trimestres l’ensemble des acteurs concernés par le sujet. La même question s’était posée hier en commission du développement durable à propos du Conseil national de la transition écologique (CNTE). Pour ma part, il me paraît plus pertinent d’avoir un conseil réunissant en son sein les représentants de l’ensemble des experts, chercheurs et professionnels concernés, ainsi que ceux des associations environnementales et des pouvoirs publics, au premier rang desquels les parlementaires Monsieur Thiébaut, le délégué interministériel pour la filière sucre a été institué par décret le 14 septembre et nommé le 16 septembre : il s’appelle Henri Havard. Son existence est donc légistiquement reconnue, si je puis dire, ce qui permet de le mentionner dans la loi.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 147,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p807",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N16e50d5e618d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Taurine, le conseil de surveillance Écophyto comprend quatre ministres et se réunit, de mémoire, une fois par an, alors que ce que propose le rapporteur, c’est de réunir tous les trimestres l’ensemble des acteurs concernés par le sujet. La même question s’était posée hier en commission du développement durable à propos du Conseil national de la transition écologique (CNTE). Pour ma part, il me paraît plus pertinent d’avoir un conseil réunissant en son sein les représentants de l’ensemble des experts, chercheurs et professionnels concernés, ainsi que ceux des associations environnementales et des pouvoirs publics, au premier rang desquels les parlementaires Monsieur Thiébaut, le délégué interministériel pour la filière sucre a été institué par décret le 14 septembre et nommé le 16 septembre : il s’appelle Henri Havard. Son existence est donc légistiquement reconnue, si je puis dire, ce qui permet de le mentionner dans la loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p809",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "809",
    "810",
    "811",
    "812",
    "813"
   ],
   "order": 809,
   "text": "Premièrement, je voudrais appeler l’attention des collègues sur le fait que, parallèlement, un autre projet de loi dit « ASAP » – dont je ne pense pas nécessairement du bien – supprime une ribambelle de comités de ce genre Deuxièmement, le contrôle de la feuille de route du Gouvernement est une prérogative du Parlement. Troisièmement, si l’objectif est de créer une structure afin de réunir les acteurs concernés, cela peut se faire par voie réglementaire. Dans la mesure où que je suis opposée à la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes, je ne peux pas être pour le comité de suivi. En revanche, je serais favorable à la création d’un comité stratégique sur l’évolution de la filière betterave-sucre – mais cela ne relève pas du domaine de la loi. Les amendements CE52 et CE56 sont retirés.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article": "Article unique : Article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime",
   "article_id": "p484",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 133,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p809",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N77238d189095",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Premièrement, je voudrais appeler l’attention des collègues sur le fait que, parallèlement, un autre projet de loi dit « ASAP » – dont je ne pense pas nécessairement du bien – supprime une ribambelle de comités de ce genre Deuxièmement, le contrôle de la feuille de route du Gouvernement est une prérogative du Parlement. Troisièmement, si l’objectif est de créer une structure afin de réunir les acteurs concernés, cela peut se faire par voie réglementaire. Dans la mesure où que je suis opposée à la réautorisation des néonicotinoïdes, je ne peux pas être pour le comité de suivi. En revanche, je serais favorable à la création d’un comité stratégique sur l’évolution de la filière betterave-sucre – mais cela ne relève pas du domaine de la loi. Les amendements CE52 et CE56 sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p819",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "819"
   ],
   "order": 819,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à limiter les possibilités de dérogation aux cultures de betterave sucrière. Ce serait cohérent avec l’engagement du Gouvernement de n’en accorder qu’à la filière betterave-sucre. Nous proposerons tout à l’heure un amendement CE68 sur le titre, qui va dans le même sens",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p819",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc595e11ce95c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à limiter les possibilités de dérogation aux cultures de betterave sucrière. Ce serait cohérent avec l’engagement du Gouvernement de n’en accorder qu’à la filière betterave-sucre. Nous proposerons tout à l’heure un amendement CE68 sur le titre, qui va dans le même sens"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p820",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "820"
   ],
   "order": 820,
   "text": "Nous en avons parlé tout à l’heure. S’il est vrai qu’il est impératif de restreindre le champ d’application du projet de loi à la betterave sucrière, des juristes m’ont signalé qu’il y aurait un risque juridique à inscrire le terme « betterave sucrière » dans le texte. Néanmoins, je serais favorable à un meilleur encadrement du dispositif ; cela permettrait de rassurer les ONG, les associations et l’ensemble de nos concitoyens. Avis de sagesse",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p820",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf10a16647be5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous en avons parlé tout à l’heure. S’il est vrai qu’il est impératif de restreindre le champ d’application du projet de loi à la betterave sucrière, des juristes m’ont signalé qu’il y aurait un risque juridique à inscrire le terme « betterave sucrière » dans le texte. Néanmoins, je serais favorable à un meilleur encadrement du dispositif ; cela permettrait de rassurer les ONG, les associations et l’ensemble de nos concitoyens. Avis de sagesse"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p821",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "821",
    "822",
    "823"
   ],
   "order": 821,
   "text": "La confiance n’exclut pas le contrôle, comme dirait l’autre… Je comprends donc que la Représentation nationale souhaite inscrire dans la loi que les possibilités de dérogation ne concernent que la betterave sucrière Je le répète : pour déroger à l’interdiction, le projet de loi recourt à l’article 53 du règlement européen du 21 octobre 2009. Il faut pour cela que les ministres chargés l’écologie et de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation prennent des arrêtés. Je m’engage – ce sera inscrit au compte rendu – à ce que ces arrêtés ne concernent que la betterave sucrière. Le rapporteur y a fait allusion : l’inscrire dans la loi ferait courir au texte un risque d’inconstitutionnalité au titre du principe de l’égalité devant la loi – c’est en tout cas l’analyse du Conseil d’État. Je reconnais que j’ignorais que le principe de l’égalité devant la loi, auquel je suis profondément attaché pour les humains, s’appliquât également aux betteraves, navets, salades ou autres, mais il semblerait que ce soit le cas… La meilleure solution serait donc que vous accordiez votre confiance au Gouvernement sur la base d’un engagement inscrit au Journal officiel. Je m’en remettrai néanmoins à votre sagesse.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 194,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p821",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0907e71a4b91",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La confiance n’exclut pas le contrôle, comme dirait l’autre… Je comprends donc que la Représentation nationale souhaite inscrire dans la loi que les possibilités de dérogation ne concernent que la betterave sucrière Je le répète : pour déroger à l’interdiction, le projet de loi recourt à l’article 53 du règlement européen du 21 octobre 2009. Il faut pour cela que les ministres chargés l’écologie et de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation prennent des arrêtés. Je m’engage – ce sera inscrit au compte rendu – à ce que ces arrêtés ne concernent que la betterave sucrière. Le rapporteur y a fait allusion : l’inscrire dans la loi ferait courir au texte un risque d’inconstitutionnalité au titre du principe de l’égalité devant la loi – c’est en tout cas l’analyse du Conseil d’État. Je reconnais que j’ignorais que le principe de l’égalité devant la loi, auquel je suis profondément attaché pour les humains, s’appliquât également aux betteraves, navets, salades ou autres, mais il semblerait que ce soit le cas… La meilleure solution serait donc que vous accordiez votre confiance au Gouvernement sur la base d’un engagement inscrit au Journal officiel. Je m’en remettrai néanmoins à votre sagesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719718",
   "speaker": "Laurence Maillart-Méhaignerie",
   "quality": "Mme Laurence Maillart-Méhaignerie.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p824",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "824"
   ],
   "order": 824,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, si nous avons pris bonne note de vos objections – que vous aviez déjà exprimées hier devant la commission du développement durable –, il nous semble essentiel de clarifier le texte pour nos concitoyens. La Représentation nationale doit pouvoir le faire sans se voir opposer un risque d’anticonstitutionnalité. Nous souhaitons maintenir cet amendement",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p824",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5918cf44e875",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, si nous avons pris bonne note de vos objections – que vous aviez déjà exprimées hier devant la commission du développement durable –, il nous semble essentiel de clarifier le texte pour nos concitoyens. La Représentation nationale doit pouvoir le faire sans se voir opposer un risque d’anticonstitutionnalité. Nous souhaitons maintenir cet amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p825",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "825"
   ],
   "order": 825,
   "text": "Je ne veux pas relancer le débat, mais la betterave sucrière, c’est déjà considérable… De surcroît, cet article additionnel sera probablement censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel. Je vous le dis, Madame Maillart-Méhaignerie – qui serez bientôt présidente de la commission du développement durable : ce que vous proposez là, c’est un jeu de dupes ! Cela va vous permettre de dire aux collègues qui sont inquiets du risque d’extension des dérogations à d’autres cultures : « Ne vous inquiétez pas, il y a l’article additionnel » – mais l’article additionnel a toutes chances de ne pas figurer dans la loi promulguée. Il faut que ce soit clair pour tout le monde !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p825",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N54c82aac71dd",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne veux pas relancer le débat, mais la betterave sucrière, c’est déjà considérable… De surcroît, cet article additionnel sera probablement censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel. Je vous le dis, Madame Maillart-Méhaignerie – qui serez bientôt présidente de la commission du développement durable : ce que vous proposez là, c’est un jeu de dupes ! Cela va vous permettre de dire aux collègues qui sont inquiets du risque d’extension des dérogations à d’autres cultures : « Ne vous inquiétez pas, il y a l’article additionnel » – mais l’article additionnel a toutes chances de ne pas figurer dans la loi promulguée. Il faut que ce soit clair pour tout le monde !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718860",
   "speaker": "Bénédicte Taurine",
   "quality": "Mme Bénédicte Taurine.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p830",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "830",
    "831"
   ],
   "order": 830,
   "text": "À travers l’amendement CE25, nous proposons d’intituler ce texte : « Projet de loi relatif à la prolongation de l’usage des néonicotinoïdes » Une autre possibilité serait : « Projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur demande des lobbies ». C’est l’objet de l’amendement CE24.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p830",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne0257331835c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "I",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À travers l’amendement CE25, nous proposons d’intituler ce texte : « Projet de loi relatif à la prolongation de l’usage des néonicotinoïdes » Une autre possibilité serait : « Projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur demande des lobbies ». C’est l’objet de l’amendement CE24."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p833",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "833",
    "834",
    "835"
   ],
   "order": 833,
   "text": "Avis défavorable sur l’amendement CE25 : non, il ne s’agit pas de prolonger l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, nous souhaitons au contraire assurer les conditions d’une sortie définitive des néonicotinoïdes pour notre agriculture L’amendement CE24 m’apparaît plutôt comme une provocation – qui, de surcroît, utilise un anglicisme. Avis défavorable. En revanche, je pense que Mme O’Petit a raison. Avis favorable sur l’amendement CE68.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p833",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncd6b142c1952",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable sur l’amendement CE25 : non, il ne s’agit pas de prolonger l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, nous souhaitons au contraire assurer les conditions d’une sortie définitive des néonicotinoïdes pour notre agriculture L’amendement CE24 m’apparaît plutôt comme une provocation – qui, de surcroît, utilise un anglicisme. Avis défavorable. En revanche, je pense que Mme O’Petit a raison. Avis favorable sur l’amendement CE68."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-23",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p836",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "836",
    "837"
   ],
   "order": 836,
   "text": "Même avis – nous avons beaucoup discuté du dernier amendement en commission du développement durable, hier soir Je tiens à vous remercier pour la tenue de ce débat. Ce sont des questions complexes, qui mettent en jeu à la fois des considérations politiques et des convictions personnelles. Organiser des débats de cette qualité est tout à l’honneur de la Représentation nationale. Merci donc à toutes et à tous, et tout particulièrement au président et au rapporteur.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p836",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndb9b2964f59c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis – nous avons beaucoup discuté du dernier amendement en commission du développement durable, hier soir Je tiens à vous remercier pour la tenue de ce débat. Ce sont des questions complexes, qui mettent en jeu à la fois des considérations politiques et des convictions personnelles. Organiser des débats de cette qualité est tout à l’honneur de la Représentation nationale. Merci donc à toutes et à tous, et tout particulièrement au président et au rapporteur."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p849",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "849",
    "850",
    "851",
    "852",
    "853",
    "854",
    "855",
    "856",
    "857",
    "858",
    "859",
    "860",
    "861",
    "862",
    "863",
    "864"
   ],
   "order": 849,
   "text": "Je vous remercie de m’avoir convié à vos travaux afin d’examiner avec vous ce projet de loi que j’ai l’honneur de vous présenter au nom du Gouvernement Il s’inscrit dans le contexte si particulier de la maladie dite de la jaunisse de la betterave, causée par plusieurs types de virus colportés par des pucerons. Ces virus modifient le métabolisme de la plante, stoppent la photosynthèse et détruisent la chlorophylle, ce qui explique le jaunissement des feuilles. La plante ne peut dès lors plus assimiler de sucre ni l’emmagasiner dans le tubercule exploité ensuite par les sucreries pour en faire du sucre, du bioéthanol ou du gel hydroalcoolique – nous pouvons à ce propos rendre hommage à la filière pour sa mobilisation, notamment au début de la crise sanitaire de la covid-19. Cette maladie, qui s’est massivement étendue du sud au nord – pour schématiser, du sud de l’Île-de-France au nord des Hauts-de-France –, entraîne des baisses importantes de rendement. Or, en ce moment même, les agriculteurs doivent décider des assolements et déterminer s’ils planteront des betteraves. Contrairement à ce que certains pourraient penser, les betteraviers ne pratiquent plus la monoculture, à la différence d’il y a quinze ou vingt ans. En raison de la crise de la jaunisse et du manque d’alternatives, ils hésitent – c’est un euphémisme – à en planter, à la différence, par exemple, des céréales. Nous sommes confrontés à un immense défi de souveraineté et d’indépendance : si les agriculteurs décident de ne pas planter de betteraves à la fin de l’hiver et au début du printemps prochain, les sucreries risquent de fermer rapidement faute d’intrants et, in fine, de modèle économique. En deux saisons, une industrie peut être mise à mal, bien qu’elle soit un fleuron de l’agriculture française, notre pays comptant parmi les principaux producteurs mondiaux de betteraves et étant le premier producteur européen de betteraves sucrières. Il est néanmoins évident que nos compatriotes continueront à consommer du sucre dans les deux prochaines années. Nos voisins européens, eux, continuent non seulement à bénéficier de dérogations pour l’usage des néonicotinoïdes mais à utiliser des produits parfois interdits dans notre pays au titre de la nécessaire transition agro-écologique. Si les agriculteurs ne plantent plus de betteraves, demain, les sucreries fermeront et, après-demain, nous devrons importer du sucre depuis la Pologne, la Belgique ou l’Allemagne, qui utilisent de telles dérogations. Ce projet de loi vise donc à introduire la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, au même titre que le font onze pays européens, en utilisant l’article 53 du règlement européen encadrant, en cas de crise sanitaire, la possibilité de déroger aux interdictions. Avant de proposer un tel dispositif, nous avons beaucoup réfléchi à la question des alternatives possibles, y compris depuis la loi de 2016. Tout d’abord, l’alternative économique. La filière serait placée « sous perfusion » en attendant de trouver une solution comme la sélection des semences, le « bio-contrôle » avec l’utilisation d’auxiliaires comme des coccinelles ou d’autres insectes prédateurs des pucerons, ou encore des solutions dites « culturales » à travers la réduction des tailles de parcelles ou l’association d’autres cultures à la plantation de betteraves, comme cela a été fait dans l’Oise avec l’avoine. Aujourd’hui, aucune de ces alternatives ne marche. L’alternative économique, plus précisément, se heurte au principe de base de l’ensemble des règles européennes régissant les soutiens économiques et interdisant de délivrer une aide couvrant 100 % d’une culture, le seuil étant de 65 %. Un agriculteur ne prendra pas le risque de devoir absorber une perte éventuelle de 35 %. Ensuite, la sélection des semences, que j’ai rapidement évoquée. Des travaux de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE) sont en cours, notamment dans le cadre du programme AKER, mais, à ce jour, aucune semence susceptible de contrer la modification du métabolisme induite par le virus de la jaunisse n’a été identifiée. Enfin, des alternatives culturales ou agrobiologiques, mais les pistes dont nous disposons ne sont ni pérennes ni susceptibles de convaincre les agriculteurs de replanter des betteraves. Nous vous proposons donc d’introduire dans la loi la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes pendant les trois années à venir au maximum, comme nous les avons utilisés par le passé et comme les utilisent onze pays européens sur quatorze pays producteurs. Cela emporte évidemment des conséquences politiques – je suis le premier à en avoir pleinement conscience – mais aussi écologiques et agricoles. J’ajoute que nous avons élaboré, dans le même temps, un plan de recherche très ambitieux, avec un financement de l’État à hauteur de 5 millions d’euros sur trois ans, l’État entrant ainsi dans la gouvernance de ces programmes publics – c’est une évidence – ou privés, comme avec l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB). Nous avons également élaboré un programme de prévention visant à limiter les conséquences écologiques de cette réintroduction. Des alternatives chimiques autorisées par l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (ANSES) comme le Movento ou le Teppeki ont des incidences écologiques très importantes, en particulier lorsqu’ils sont utilisés au-delà des doses autorisées, ce qui est souvent le cas. Le plan de prévention vise donc à se prémunir de tels risques tout en aidant la filière à diminuer la dose de néonicotinoïdes de 25 % par rapport aux usages précédents et en accélérant la recherche agronomique afin de trouver des solutions culturales. Ces plans de recherche et de prévention m’ont été remis ce matin, ils sont désormais public et font partie intégrante de l’ensemble du dispositif que nous avons proposé le 6 août dernier. Ce projet de loi, pour des raisons légistiques, ne mentionnait pas le mot « betteraves » lorsque nous en avons discuté en conseil des ministres et lorsque le Conseil d’État a donné son avis, mais la ministre de la transition écologique Mme Barbara Pompili et moi-même, en tant qu’autorités qui signeront les arrêtés de dérogation, nous engageons très fermement à n’utiliser cette possibilité que pour la culture des betteraves sucrières. Nos débats permettront de nous assurer comment cet engagement, que je prends officiellement, qui sera inscrit au Journal officiel, pourra figurer dans le « dur » de la loi.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1029,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p849",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N897d5fef06c9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie de m’avoir convié à vos travaux afin d’examiner avec vous ce projet de loi que j’ai l’honneur de vous présenter au nom du Gouvernement Il s’inscrit dans le contexte si particulier de la maladie dite de la jaunisse de la betterave, causée par plusieurs types de virus colportés par des pucerons. Ces virus modifient le métabolisme de la plante, stoppent la photosynthèse et détruisent la chlorophylle, ce qui explique le jaunissement des feuilles. La plante ne peut dès lors plus assimiler de sucre ni l’emmagasiner dans le tubercule exploité ensuite par les sucreries pour en faire du sucre, du bioéthanol ou du gel hydroalcoolique – nous pouvons à ce propos rendre hommage à la filière pour sa mobilisation, notamment au début de la crise sanitaire de la covid-19. Cette maladie, qui s’est massivement étendue du sud au nord – pour schématiser, du sud de l’Île-de-France au nord des Hauts-de-France –, entraîne des baisses importantes de rendement. Or, en ce moment même, les agriculteurs doivent décider des assolements et déterminer s’ils planteront des betteraves. Contrairement à ce que certains pourraient penser, les betteraviers ne pratiquent plus la monoculture, à la différence d’il y a quinze ou vingt ans. En raison de la crise de la jaunisse et du manque d’alternatives, ils hésitent – c’est un euphémisme – à en planter, à la différence, par exemple, des céréales. Nous sommes confrontés à un immense défi de souveraineté et d’indépendance : si les agriculteurs décident de ne pas planter de betteraves à la fin de l’hiver et au début du printemps prochain, les sucreries risquent de fermer rapidement faute d’intrants et, in fine, de modèle économique. En deux saisons, une industrie peut être mise à mal, bien qu’elle soit un fleuron de l’agriculture française, notre pays comptant parmi les principaux producteurs mondiaux de betteraves et étant le premier producteur européen de betteraves sucrières. Il est néanmoins évident que nos compatriotes continueront à consommer du sucre dans les deux prochaines années. Nos voisins européens, eux, continuent non seulement à bénéficier de dérogations pour l’usage des néonicotinoïdes mais à utiliser des produits parfois interdits dans notre pays au titre de la nécessaire transition agro-écologique. Si les agriculteurs ne plantent plus de betteraves, demain, les sucreries fermeront et, après-demain, nous devrons importer du sucre depuis la Pologne, la Belgique ou l’Allemagne, qui utilisent de telles dérogations. Ce projet de loi vise donc à introduire la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, au même titre que le font onze pays européens, en utilisant l’article 53 du règlement européen encadrant, en cas de crise sanitaire, la possibilité de déroger aux interdictions. Avant de proposer un tel dispositif, nous avons beaucoup réfléchi à la question des alternatives possibles, y compris depuis la loi de 2016. Tout d’abord, l’alternative économique. La filière serait placée « sous perfusion » en attendant de trouver une solution comme la sélection des semences, le « bio-contrôle » avec l’utilisation d’auxiliaires comme des coccinelles ou d’autres insectes prédateurs des pucerons, ou encore des solutions dites « culturales » à travers la réduction des tailles de parcelles ou l’association d’autres cultures à la plantation de betteraves, comme cela a été fait dans l’Oise avec l’avoine. Aujourd’hui, aucune de ces alternatives ne marche. L’alternative économique, plus précisément, se heurte au principe de base de l’ensemble des règles européennes régissant les soutiens économiques et interdisant de délivrer une aide couvrant 100 % d’une culture, le seuil étant de 65 %. Un agriculteur ne prendra pas le risque de devoir absorber une perte éventuelle de 35 %. Ensuite, la sélection des semences, que j’ai rapidement évoquée. Des travaux de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE) sont en cours, notamment dans le cadre du programme AKER, mais, à ce jour, aucune semence susceptible de contrer la modification du métabolisme induite par le virus de la jaunisse n’a été identifiée. Enfin, des alternatives culturales ou agrobiologiques, mais les pistes dont nous disposons ne sont ni pérennes ni susceptibles de convaincre les agriculteurs de replanter des betteraves. Nous vous proposons donc d’introduire dans la loi la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes pendant les trois années à venir au maximum, comme nous les avons utilisés par le passé et comme les utilisent onze pays européens sur quatorze pays producteurs. Cela emporte évidemment des conséquences politiques – je suis le premier à en avoir pleinement conscience – mais aussi écologiques et agricoles. J’ajoute que nous avons élaboré, dans le même temps, un plan de recherche très ambitieux, avec un financement de l’État à hauteur de 5 millions d’euros sur trois ans, l’État entrant ainsi dans la gouvernance de ces programmes publics – c’est une évidence – ou privés, comme avec l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB). Nous avons également élaboré un programme de prévention visant à limiter les conséquences écologiques de cette réintroduction. Des alternatives chimiques autorisées par l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (ANSES) comme le Movento ou le Teppeki ont des incidences écologiques très importantes, en particulier lorsqu’ils sont utilisés au-delà des doses autorisées, ce qui est souvent le cas. Le plan de prévention vise donc à se prémunir de tels risques tout en aidant la filière à diminuer la dose de néonicotinoïdes de 25 % par rapport aux usages précédents et en accélérant la recherche agronomique afin de trouver des solutions culturales. Ces plans de recherche et de prévention m’ont été remis ce matin, ils sont désormais public et font partie intégrante de l’ensemble du dispositif que nous avons proposé le 6 août dernier. Ce projet de loi, pour des raisons légistiques, ne mentionnait pas le mot « betteraves » lorsque nous en avons discuté en conseil des ministres et lorsque le Conseil d’État a donné son avis, mais la ministre de la transition écologique Mme [PERSONNE] et moi-même, en tant qu’autorités qui signeront les arrêtés de dérogation, nous engageons très fermement à n’utiliser cette possibilité que pour la culture des betteraves sucrières. Nos débats permettront de nous assurer comment cet engagement, que je prends officiellement, qui sera inscrit au Journal officiel, pourra figurer dans le « dur » de la loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p865",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "865",
    "866",
    "867",
    "868",
    "869",
    "870",
    "871",
    "872",
    "873",
    "874",
    "875",
    "876",
    "877",
    "878",
    "879"
   ],
   "order": 865,
   "text": "Ce projet de loi s’inscrit dans un contexte particulier En 2016, la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages a interdit l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires contenant des néonicotinoïdes à partir de 2018. Sur la base d’un rapport de l’ANSES, des dérogations étaient possibles jusqu’au 1er juillet 2020. Depuis cette date, la loi interdit l’usage de produits contenant des néonicotinoïdes mais la filière de la betterave sucrière a été confrontée, en 2020, à une invasion de pucerons verts qui a contaminé les cultures de betteraves et leur a inoculé la jaunisse. Pourquoi une telle invasion cette année ? Il semblerait qu’elle ait été favorisée par un hiver particulièrement doux ayant entraîné une apparition précoce de ces pucerons, avant l’arrivée d’auxiliaires comme les coccinelles. Ce virus provoque un jaunissement des feuilles de betteraves qui empêche le développement de la plante et, conséquemment, d’énormes pertes de rendement pour les agriculteurs. Nous n’en connaissons pas encore l’ampleur exacte mais les estimations s’élèvent aujourd’hui à 10 tonnes par hectare, chiffre qui n’est d’ailleurs qu’une moyenne, certaines régions étant plus touchées : les baisses de rendement dépassent ainsi 30 % en Île‑de-France et en Centre-Val de Loire. Certaines exploitations font même face à des pertes pouvant atteindre 40 %. C’est sur la base de ces chiffres que les agriculteurs décideront ou non de planter des betteraves l’année prochaine. Ces derniers ne sont pas les seuls touchés par cette crise. L’industrie sucrière dépend fortement des récoltes de betteraves, dont les usines ont besoin d’une certaine quantité pour couvrir leurs coûts fixes et être rentables. Si les agriculteurs ne plantent pas de betteraves l’année prochaine, certaines usines n’auront plus assez de betteraves pour fonctionner et fermeront. Or, la France, premier producteur européen, produit 30 % des betteraves en Europe. Nous devons être pragmatiques : que se passera-t-il si la production française de betteraves chute, en l’absence d’alternative efficace aux néonicotinoïdes à très court terme ? Nous importerons plus de sucre en provenance d’autres producteurs européens – allemands, polonais, etc. Or, ces pays utilisent des néonicotinoïdes, certaines substances étant encore autorisées par l’Union européenne sans limite, d’autres l’étant par dérogation. Cela déplacerait l’impact environnemental des néonicotinoïdes dans un autre pays mais les conséquences sur la biodiversité ou les sols seraient les mêmes. Dans ce cas, nous détruirions notre industrie sucrière, qui compte 5 000 salariés permanents et 2 000 saisonniers, sans compter les milliers d’emplois indirects. Pour autant, cette crise ne doit pas nous conduire à donner un chèque en blanc pour utiliser des néonicotinoïdes sans restriction : le projet de loi maintient la règle générale d’interdiction de ces substances et permet des usages dérogatoires limités. Tout d’abord, les dérogations ne seront possibles que jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023. Ensuite, elles seront prises dans les conditions dérogatoires prévues par le règlement européen, dont l’article 53 dispose que les dérogations ne peuvent excéder 120 jours, en vue d’un usage limité et contrôlé, et lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables. Enfin, le Gouvernement a pris l’engagement de limiter ces dérogations aux seules cultures de betteraves. Je lui fais pleinement confiance sur ce point mais je comprends et partage la nécessité de le préciser dans la loi. Il n’est pas possible d’y écrire directement le terme « betteraves » car le Conseil constitutionnel le censurerait probablement mais il est possible de restreindre le champ des dérogations pour des motifs d’intérêt général en lien avec l’objet du projet de loi : restriction aux seules cultures récoltées avant floraison ; restriction aux cultures s’inscrivant exclusivement dans une chaîne de transformation industrielle, ce qui entraîne la dépendance économique de toute une filière. Le cumul de ces deux critères restreindrait en pratique la dérogation aux betteraves et cette rédaction permettrait de respecter le principe d’égalité car la restriction se justifierait par deux motifs d’intérêt général : la réduction de l’impact environnemental pour le critère de floraison, la conciliation de l’enjeu environnemental avec la préservation d’une industrie pour le critère de transformation industrielle. Je pense également qu’il faut demander des contreparties à la filière et je défendrai des amendements en ce sens : plans de prévention contenant les engagements de la filière ; engagement dès aujourd’hui dans le développement de pratiques agro-écologiques, notamment la plantation de haies ; mesures de protection des abeilles ; interdiction de planter des cultures qui attirent ces dernières après l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes. Par ailleurs, le Gouvernement a prévu un budget de 5 millions d’euros pour la recherche d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes dans le cadre du plan de relance, ce qui permettra de s’assurer qu’en 2023, voire avant, il n’y ait plus besoin de dérogations. Vous l’aurez compris, la filière de la betterave sucrière se trouve dans une situation difficile, ce pourquoi nous examinons ce texte aujourd’hui. Pour autant, je le répète, nous ne devons pas donner un chèque en blanc pour ré-autoriser les néonicotinoïdes mais restreindre les dérogations temporaires à des situations très particulières en échange de contreparties. Tel est l’objet de ce projet de loi, dont j’espère que les travaux de notre commission permettront de préciser le champ.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 852,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p865",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N945f0b2c0084",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMTV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ce projet de loi s’inscrit dans un contexte particulier En 2016, la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages a interdit l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires contenant des néonicotinoïdes à partir de 2018. Sur la base d’un rapport de l’ANSES, des dérogations étaient possibles jusqu’au 1er juillet 2020. Depuis cette date, la loi interdit l’usage de produits contenant des néonicotinoïdes mais la filière de la betterave sucrière a été confrontée, en 2020, à une invasion de pucerons verts qui a contaminé les cultures de betteraves et leur a inoculé la jaunisse. Pourquoi une telle invasion cette année ? Il semblerait qu’elle ait été favorisée par un hiver particulièrement doux ayant entraîné une apparition précoce de ces pucerons, avant l’arrivée d’auxiliaires comme les coccinelles. Ce virus provoque un jaunissement des feuilles de betteraves qui empêche le développement de la plante et, conséquemment, d’énormes pertes de rendement pour les agriculteurs. Nous n’en connaissons pas encore l’ampleur exacte mais les estimations s’élèvent aujourd’hui à 10 tonnes par hectare, chiffre qui n’est d’ailleurs qu’une moyenne, certaines régions étant plus touchées : les baisses de rendement dépassent ainsi 30 % en Île‑de-France et en Centre-Val de Loire. Certaines exploitations font même face à des pertes pouvant atteindre 40 %. C’est sur la base de ces chiffres que les agriculteurs décideront ou non de planter des betteraves l’année prochaine. Ces derniers ne sont pas les seuls touchés par cette crise. L’industrie sucrière dépend fortement des récoltes de betteraves, dont les usines ont besoin d’une certaine quantité pour couvrir leurs coûts fixes et être rentables. Si les agriculteurs ne plantent pas de betteraves l’année prochaine, certaines usines n’auront plus assez de betteraves pour fonctionner et fermeront. Or, la France, premier producteur européen, produit 30 % des betteraves en Europe. Nous devons être pragmatiques : que se passera-t-il si la production française de betteraves chute, en l’absence d’alternative efficace aux néonicotinoïdes à très court terme ? Nous importerons plus de sucre en provenance d’autres producteurs européens – allemands, polonais, etc. Or, ces pays utilisent des néonicotinoïdes, certaines substances étant encore autorisées par l’Union européenne sans limite, d’autres l’étant par dérogation. Cela déplacerait l’impact environnemental des néonicotinoïdes dans un autre pays mais les conséquences sur la biodiversité ou les sols seraient les mêmes. Dans ce cas, nous détruirions notre industrie sucrière, qui compte 5 000 salariés permanents et 2 000 saisonniers, sans compter les milliers d’emplois indirects. Pour autant, cette crise ne doit pas nous conduire à donner un chèque en blanc pour utiliser des néonicotinoïdes sans restriction : le projet de loi maintient la règle générale d’interdiction de ces substances et permet des usages dérogatoires limités. Tout d’abord, les dérogations ne seront possibles que jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023. Ensuite, elles seront prises dans les conditions dérogatoires prévues par le règlement européen, dont l’article 53 dispose que les dérogations ne peuvent excéder 120 jours, en vue d’un usage limité et contrôlé, et lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables. Enfin, le Gouvernement a pris l’engagement de limiter ces dérogations aux seules cultures de betteraves. Je lui fais pleinement confiance sur ce point mais je comprends et partage la nécessité de le préciser dans la loi. Il n’est pas possible d’y écrire directement le terme « betteraves » car le Conseil constitutionnel le censurerait probablement mais il est possible de restreindre le champ des dérogations pour des motifs d’intérêt général en lien avec l’objet du projet de loi : restriction aux seules cultures récoltées avant floraison ; restriction aux cultures s’inscrivant exclusivement dans une chaîne de transformation industrielle, ce qui entraîne la dépendance économique de toute une filière. Le cumul de ces deux critères restreindrait en pratique la dérogation aux betteraves et cette rédaction permettrait de respecter le principe d’égalité car la restriction se justifierait par deux motifs d’intérêt général : la réduction de l’impact environnemental pour le critère de floraison, la conciliation de l’enjeu environnemental avec la préservation d’une industrie pour le critère de transformation industrielle. Je pense également qu’il faut demander des contreparties à la filière et je défendrai des amendements en ce sens : plans de prévention contenant les engagements de la filière ; engagement dès aujourd’hui dans le développement de pratiques agro-écologiques, notamment la plantation de haies ; mesures de protection des abeilles ; interdiction de planter des cultures qui attirent ces dernières après l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes. Par ailleurs, le Gouvernement a prévu un budget de 5 millions d’euros pour la recherche d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes dans le cadre du plan de relance, ce qui permettra de s’assurer qu’en 2023, voire avant, il n’y ait plus besoin de dérogations. Vous l’aurez compris, la filière de la betterave sucrière se trouve dans une situation difficile, ce pourquoi nous examinons ce texte aujourd’hui. Pour autant, je le répète, nous ne devons pas donner un chèque en blanc pour ré-autoriser les néonicotinoïdes mais restreindre les dérogations temporaires à des situations très particulières en échange de contreparties. Tel est l’objet de ce projet de loi, dont j’espère que les travaux de notre commission permettront de préciser le champ."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p880",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "880",
    "881",
    "882",
    "883",
    "884",
    "885",
    "886",
    "887",
    "888"
   ],
   "order": 880,
   "text": "Nombre d’entre nous ont été surpris par la symbolique de ce texte, qui semble aller à rebours des engagements pris. Ainsi selon la loi dite « biodiversité » de 2016, l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes est entrée en vigueur en septembre 2018. À ce jour, en France, plus de 90 % des néonicotinoïdes interdits en 2016 le sont effectivement, l’objectif étant de parvenir le plus rapidement possible à 100 % En raison de l’hiver le plus doux jamais enregistré, les betteraves issues de semences non enrobées d’insecticides sont atteintes de jaunisse, ce qui entraîne de fortes chutes de rendement. Face à la crise que vivent nos betteraviers, nous avons été nombreux, dès le mois de juillet, à souhaiter que le Gouvernement vienne en aide à la filière. Après de nombreux échanges, nous ne pouvons que constater et déplorer l’absence de solution disponible et efficace pour lutter contre ce virus. Nous nous retrouvons donc face à une impasse et nous avons compris qu’il était nécessaire de proposer à nos agriculteurs une solution pour 2021 si les conditions météorologiques de l’hiver prochain devaient être identiques à celles de l’hiver passé. Nous plaçons toujours au centre de notre action politique l’équilibre des enjeux environnementaux et économiques. En l’occurrence, la France est le premier producteur européen de sucre de betteraves et nier le danger face auquel se trouve cette filière reviendrait à refuser de voir la vérité en face. La vérité, ce sont 46 000 emplois menacés en France, dont 25 000 agriculteurs et 21 sucreries. Toutefois, ce texte, en l’état, ne satisfait pas le groupe La République en Marche (LaREM). Depuis sa présentation le 3 septembre dernier, nous avons compris que le Gouvernement voulait plus et mieux encadrer l’application de cette loi, ce qui va dans le bon sens. Nous saluons la nomination d’un délégué interministériel à la filière sucre, nous nous félicitons des engagements de la filière – qui vous a présenté ce matin son plan d’action pour accélérer sa transition –, et nous accueillons avec satisfaction l’annonce d’un programme de recherche renforcé pour accélérer l’identification des alternatives à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. Oui, nous devons aider la filière betteravière, mais pas n’importe comment ni à n’importe quel prix. Nous souhaitons que le travail parlementaire permette de réduire explicitement le champ d’application de ce projet de loi à la seule filière de la betterave sucrière. Nous souhaitons également, en lien avec le travail de nos collègues de la commission des affaires économiques, qu’un comité de suivi et de contrôle soit installé, dont la mission serait de s’assurer que les engagements de la filière soient suivis d’effets, que l’éventuelle dérogation n’intervienne qu’en cas de risque sanitaire avéré et que les travaux de recherche pour l’identification d’alternatives progressent suffisamment vite. Au-delà des représentants de l’État, nous souhaitons que ce comité de suivi et de contrôle soit également composé d’experts scientifiques, d’acteurs de la filière betteravière, d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) et de parlementaires. C’est en responsabilité que le groupe LaREM soutiendra ce projet, mais nous avons des exigences qui doivent être satisfaites dans le cadre du débat parlementaire qui s’ouvre.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 512,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p880",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N14aeb62ae714",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nombre d’entre nous ont été surpris par la symbolique de ce texte, qui semble aller à rebours des engagements pris. Ainsi selon la loi dite « biodiversité » de 2016, l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes est entrée en vigueur en septembre 2018. À ce jour, en France, plus de 90 % des néonicotinoïdes interdits en 2016 le sont effectivement, l’objectif étant de parvenir le plus rapidement possible à 100 % En raison de l’hiver le plus doux jamais enregistré, les betteraves issues de semences non enrobées d’insecticides sont atteintes de jaunisse, ce qui entraîne de fortes chutes de rendement. Face à la crise que vivent nos betteraviers, nous avons été nombreux, dès le mois de juillet, à souhaiter que le Gouvernement vienne en aide à la filière. Après de nombreux échanges, nous ne pouvons que constater et déplorer l’absence de solution disponible et efficace pour lutter contre ce virus. Nous nous retrouvons donc face à une impasse et nous avons compris qu’il était nécessaire de proposer à nos agriculteurs une solution pour 2021 si les conditions météorologiques de l’hiver prochain devaient être identiques à celles de l’hiver passé. Nous plaçons toujours au centre de notre action politique l’équilibre des enjeux environnementaux et économiques. En l’occurrence, la France est le premier producteur européen de sucre de betteraves et nier le danger face auquel se trouve cette filière reviendrait à refuser de voir la vérité en face. La vérité, ce sont 46 000 emplois menacés en France, dont 25 000 agriculteurs et 21 sucreries. Toutefois, ce texte, en l’état, ne satisfait pas le groupe [GROUPE] ([GROUPE]). Depuis sa présentation le 3 septembre dernier, nous avons compris que le Gouvernement voulait plus et mieux encadrer l’application de cette loi, ce qui va dans le bon sens. Nous saluons la nomination d’un délégué interministériel à la filière sucre, nous nous félicitons des engagements de la filière – qui vous a présenté ce matin son plan d’action pour accélérer sa transition –, et nous accueillons avec satisfaction l’annonce d’un programme de recherche renforcé pour accélérer l’identification des alternatives à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes. Oui, nous devons aider la filière betteravière, mais pas n’importe comment ni à n’importe quel prix. Nous souhaitons que le travail parlementaire permette de réduire explicitement le champ d’application de ce projet de loi à la seule filière de la betterave sucrière. Nous souhaitons également, en lien avec le travail de nos collègues de la commission des affaires économiques, qu’un comité de suivi et de contrôle soit installé, dont la mission serait de s’assurer que les engagements de la filière soient suivis d’effets, que l’éventuelle dérogation n’intervienne qu’en cas de risque sanitaire avéré et que les travaux de recherche pour l’identification d’alternatives progressent suffisamment vite. Au-delà des représentants de l’État, nous souhaitons que ce comité de suivi et de contrôle soit également composé d’experts scientifiques, d’acteurs de la filière betteravière, d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) et de parlementaires. C’est en responsabilité que le groupe [GROUPE] soutiendra ce projet, mais nous avons des exigences qui doivent être satisfaites dans le cadre du débat parlementaire qui s’ouvre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720210",
   "speaker": "Valérie Beauvais",
   "quality": "Mme Valérie Beauvais.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p889",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "889",
    "890",
    "891",
    "892",
    "893",
    "894",
    "895"
   ],
   "order": 889,
   "text": "La filière betteravière est confrontée depuis la fin des quotas à une très forte dégradation des marchés qui entraîne une baisse significative de la rémunération des betteraves aux producteurs et des résultats financiers délicats pour les groupes sucriers À cela s’ajoute une forte pression parasitaire de pucerons verts, qui se traduit par une perte de rendement estimée par l’ITB entre 30 % et 50 % dans les zones infectées. Dans ces conditions, l’interdiction d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes a de lourdes conséquences économiques et environnementales. En effet, les alternatives à l’usage de ces produits, plus coûteuses – de l’ordre de 100 euros par hectare en moyenne – et moins efficaces semblent avoir un impact environnemental négatif car un plus grand nombre de traitements est nécessaire. La question de la pertinence de l’interdiction des insecticides sur l’enrobage des semences se pose donc. Il convient de noter à ce propos que douze États européens producteurs de betteraves sur dix-neuf ont eu recours à des dérogations pour l’utilisation desdites semences, contrairement à la France. Dans ces circonstances, ce projet n’est pas « anti-environnemental » pour les raisons suivantes. Il s’agit d’autoriser une semence enterrée et non de pulvériser un produit phytosanitaire. La betterave ne produisant pas de fleur, les abeilles ne la butinent pas. En outre, si aucune dérogation d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes n’est appliquée, l’ensemble de la filière sera affecté avec pour conséquence une diminution des revenus des agriculteurs – la perte est estimée à plus de 1 300 euros par hectare –, des territoires ruraux délaissés et une augmentation des importations de sucre. J’ajoute que ce projet de loi ne prévoit qu’une dérogation limitée, dans son objet et dans le temps, et compte tenu des circonstances sanitaires, ce qui n’a rien d’apocalyptique. Il constitue une réponse pragmatique qui donnera à la filière de la betterave les moyens de lutter efficacement, en l’absence de toute autre solution alternative en l’état, contre un danger sanitaire – la jaunisse de la betterave – qui perdurerait dans un contexte climatique très aggravant de sécheresse. Le groupe Les Républicains avait déjà défendu cette exception pour la betterave lors du débat sur le projet de loi dit « ÉGALIM ». Nous soutiendrons donc ce texte, attendu par de nombreux agriculteurs producteurs de betteraves.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 373,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p889",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1d270dc312b2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La filière betteravière est confrontée depuis la fin des quotas à une très forte dégradation des marchés qui entraîne une baisse significative de la rémunération des betteraves aux producteurs et des résultats financiers délicats pour les groupes sucriers À cela s’ajoute une forte pression parasitaire de pucerons verts, qui se traduit par une perte de rendement estimée par l’ITB entre 30 % et 50 % dans les zones infectées. Dans ces conditions, l’interdiction d’utiliser les néonicotinoïdes a de lourdes conséquences économiques et environnementales. En effet, les alternatives à l’usage de ces produits, plus coûteuses – de l’ordre de 100 euros par hectare en moyenne – et moins efficaces semblent avoir un impact environnemental négatif car un plus grand nombre de traitements est nécessaire. La question de la pertinence de l’interdiction des insecticides sur l’enrobage des semences se pose donc. Il convient de noter à ce propos que douze États européens producteurs de betteraves sur dix-neuf ont eu recours à des dérogations pour l’utilisation desdites semences, contrairement à la France. Dans ces circonstances, ce projet n’est pas « anti-environnemental » pour les raisons suivantes. Il s’agit d’autoriser une semence enterrée et non de pulvériser un produit phytosanitaire. La betterave ne produisant pas de fleur, les abeilles ne la butinent pas. En outre, si aucune dérogation d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes n’est appliquée, l’ensemble de la filière sera affecté avec pour conséquence une diminution des revenus des agriculteurs – la perte est estimée à plus de 1 300 euros par hectare –, des territoires ruraux délaissés et une augmentation des importations de sucre. J’ajoute que ce projet de loi ne prévoit qu’une dérogation limitée, dans son objet et dans le temps, et compte tenu des circonstances sanitaires, ce qui n’a rien d’apocalyptique. Il constitue une réponse pragmatique qui donnera à la filière de la betterave les moyens de lutter efficacement, en l’absence de toute autre solution alternative en l’état, contre un danger sanitaire – la jaunisse de la betterave – qui perdurerait dans un contexte climatique très aggravant de sécheresse. Le groupe [GROUPE] avait déjà défendu cette exception pour la betterave lors du débat sur le projet de loi dit « ÉGALIM ». Nous soutiendrons donc ce texte, attendu par de nombreux agriculteurs producteurs de betteraves."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721530",
   "speaker": "Aude Luquet",
   "quality": "Mme Aude Luquet.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p896",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "899",
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    "902",
    "903"
   ],
   "order": 896,
   "text": "Députée d’un département connu pour ses exploitations betteravières, je me sens particulièrement concernée par ce projet de loi. La Seine-et-Marne est en effet le troisième département betteravier de France, avec plus de 32 000 hectares de betteraves et 1 200 planteurs, soit environ un tiers des agriculteurs seine-et-marnais Cette culture est une fierté pour mon département. Pourtant, cette année, à cause du virus de la jaunisse transmis par les pucerons, les betteraviers de mon territoire ont perdu jusqu’à 50 % de leur rendement. Hier encore, j’étais avec eux pour constater les dégâts. Beaucoup envisagent de cesser leur exploitation et de se concentrer sur d’autres types de cultures. L’arrêt de leur activité ferait peser une immense menace pour les deux dernières sucreries de Seine-et-Marne, à Nangis et Souppes-sur-Loing. Le risque de disparition de la filière betteravière dans ma circonscription n’a donc jamais été aussi réel. C’est pourquoi, au nom du groupe Mouvement Démocrate (MoDem) et Démocrates apparentés, je soutiens ce projet de loi ouvrant aux betteraviers, et à eux seuls, la possibilité de déroger pendant trois ans à l’interdiction d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et de semences traitées avec ces produits. Nous y sommes favorables car nous souhaitons conserver notre souveraineté dans cette filière et non laisser s’effondrer notre production française, en ouvrant la porte à des productions étrangères qui n’obéissent à aucune contrainte environnementale – je pense notamment à la production brésilienne. Nous ne revenons pas sur l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, dont notre pays demeure pionnier. Nous utilisons simplement une possibilité offerte par le droit européen, pour la seule culture betteravière, et appliquée chez tous nos voisins européens. Les interdictions pour les autres filières seront maintenues et c’est très bien ainsi. Je rappelle par ailleurs que la suppression de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes sur les betteraves a entraîné la réutilisation des pyréthrinoïdes pour essayer de limiter les populations de pucerons. Or, ces insecticides sont bien pires que les néonicotinoïdes, qui n’étaient autorisés que par enrobage de la graine et se diffusaient ensuite dans la plante, alors que les pyréthrinoïdes sont appliqués par pulvérisation et détruisent tous les insectes présents en surface au moment de leur diffusion, sans distinction – coccinelles ou pucerons, dont un grand nombre continue de proliférer à l’abri des feuilles. L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes a donc entraîné de nouvelles pratiques catastrophiques pour la biodiversité. Nous soutenons la possibilité de dérogation temporaire pour cette culture à une condition impérative : que celle-ci s’accompagne d’une nouvelle politique agricole. Nous sommes convaincus que l’éradication des populations de pucerons ne sera effective, à terme, qu’en recourant à l’agro-écologie, notamment aux haies bocagères qui sont des réservoirs de biodiversité, en particulier de prédateurs de pucerons. J’appelle donc le Gouvernement à travailler, dans le cadre de la réforme de la politique agricole commune (PAC), à revoir les aides PAC liées aux surfaces d’intérêt écologique (SIE) afin d’introduire la nécessité de planter des haies bocagères autour des cultures. Parallèlement, il est indispensable de soutenir la recherche sur la sélection de variétés de betteraves tolérantes à la jaunisse. Tout cela suppose une surveillance renforcée pour que, dans trois ans, la sortie des néonicotinoïdes soit totale. Nous sommes et nous resterons vigilants.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 521,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p896",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N93facce5eb7e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Députée d’un département connu pour ses exploitations betteravières, je me sens particulièrement concernée par ce projet de loi. La Seine-et-Marne est en effet le troisième département betteravier de France, avec plus de 32 000 hectares de betteraves et 1 200 planteurs, soit environ un tiers des agriculteurs seine-et-marnais Cette culture est une fierté pour mon département. Pourtant, cette année, à cause du virus de la jaunisse transmis par les pucerons, les betteraviers de mon territoire ont perdu jusqu’à 50 % de leur rendement. Hier encore, j’étais avec eux pour constater les dégâts. Beaucoup envisagent de cesser leur exploitation et de se concentrer sur d’autres types de cultures. L’arrêt de leur activité ferait peser une immense menace pour les deux dernières sucreries de Seine-et-Marne, à Nangis et Souppes-sur-Loing. Le risque de disparition de la filière betteravière dans ma circonscription n’a donc jamais été aussi réel. C’est pourquoi, au nom du groupe [GROUPE], je soutiens ce projet de loi ouvrant aux betteraviers, et à eux seuls, la possibilité de déroger pendant trois ans à l’interdiction d’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et de semences traitées avec ces produits. Nous y sommes favorables car nous souhaitons conserver notre souveraineté dans cette filière et non laisser s’effondrer notre production française, en ouvrant la porte à des productions étrangères qui n’obéissent à aucune contrainte environnementale – je pense notamment à la production brésilienne. Nous ne revenons pas sur l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, dont notre pays demeure pionnier. Nous utilisons simplement une possibilité offerte par le droit européen, pour la seule culture betteravière, et appliquée chez tous nos voisins européens. Les interdictions pour les autres filières seront maintenues et c’est très bien ainsi. Je rappelle par ailleurs que la suppression de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes sur les betteraves a entraîné la réutilisation des pyréthrinoïdes pour essayer de limiter les populations de pucerons. Or, ces insecticides sont bien pires que les néonicotinoïdes, qui n’étaient autorisés que par enrobage de la graine et se diffusaient ensuite dans la plante, alors que les pyréthrinoïdes sont appliqués par pulvérisation et détruisent tous les insectes présents en surface au moment de leur diffusion, sans distinction – coccinelles ou pucerons, dont un grand nombre continue de proliférer à l’abri des feuilles. L’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes a donc entraîné de nouvelles pratiques catastrophiques pour la biodiversité. Nous soutenons la possibilité de dérogation temporaire pour cette culture à une condition impérative : que celle-ci s’accompagne d’une nouvelle politique agricole. Nous sommes convaincus que l’éradication des populations de pucerons ne sera effective, à terme, qu’en recourant à l’agro-écologie, notamment aux haies bocagères qui sont des réservoirs de biodiversité, en particulier de prédateurs de pucerons. J’appelle donc le Gouvernement à travailler, dans le cadre de la réforme de la politique agricole commune (PAC), à revoir les aides PAC liées aux surfaces d’intérêt écologique (SIE) afin d’introduire la nécessité de planter des haies bocagères autour des cultures. Parallèlement, il est indispensable de soutenir la recherche sur la sélection de variétés de betteraves tolérantes à la jaunisse. Tout cela suppose une surveillance renforcée pour que, dans trois ans, la sortie des néonicotinoïdes soit totale. Nous sommes et nous resterons vigilants."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA333285",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Garot",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Garot.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p904",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "904",
    "905",
    "906",
    "907",
    "908",
    "909",
    "910",
    "911"
   ],
   "order": 904,
   "text": "Nous sommes d’accord pour reconnaître que la filière betteravière se trouve en grande difficulté. Comme le disait très justement notre collègue Mme Valérie Beauvais, elle est confrontée au problème de la jaunisse, qui résulte d’un aléa climatique, et à un problème structurel depuis qu’elle n’est plus soumise aux quotas sucriers qui, durant des années, ont assuré sa prospérité D’autres filières, en France, subissent aujourd’hui des aléas climatiques. Nous sommes ici plusieurs députés issus de régions d’élevage, où une dramatique sécheresse a durement frappé nos éleveurs. Nous sommes également plusieurs à savoir combien les producteurs de lait souffrent d’une absence de régulation, faute de quotas. Il convient donc d’élargir notre spectre pour prendre les bonnes décisions. Le texte que vous présentez permettra-t-il de répondre aux problèmes de court, moyen et long termes ? Nous considérons que vous faites fausse route. Ce que vous proposez est un recul pour l’environnement, la biodiversité et l’agro-écologie. Nous risquons en effet d’ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. Vous dites que vous ne signerez aucun arrêté visant un secteur autre que celui de la betterave, sauf que rien ne nous le garantit, pour des raisons constitutionnelles qui sont d’ailleurs parfaitement compréhensibles. Je sais combien la décision est compliquée à prendre dans un cas pareil et je souhaite faire quelques propositions. Nous proposons de nous diriger vers un système de compensation économique. Vous l’avez écarté, monsieur le ministre, mais un débat en la matière serait salutaire. D’autres pays, en effet, s’y sont essayé. En 2008, l’Italie a réussi à instaurer un système associant les producteurs de maïs, sur 50 000 hectares, pour accompagner cette transition et compenser le manque à gagner. Ce pays nous a montré que c’était une voie de succès. Nous proposons donc qu’un fonds de compensation soit financé par une augmentation de la taxe sur les produits phytosanitaires, ce qui aurait politiquement du sens. En outre, nous proposons de reprendre résolument le cap de la réduction de notre dépendance à la phytopharmacie en relançant le plan Écophyto, avec de vrais financements pour les fermes DEPHY et un accompagnement en termes de formation des agriculteurs. Le temps est venu non de reculer, mais d’accélérer en matière d’agro-écologie.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 361,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p904",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0c0674e91a54",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes d’accord pour reconnaître que la filière betteravière se trouve en grande difficulté. Comme le disait très justement notre collègue Mme [PERSONNE], elle est confrontée au problème de la jaunisse, qui résulte d’un aléa climatique, et à un problème structurel depuis qu’elle n’est plus soumise aux quotas sucriers qui, durant des années, ont assuré sa prospérité D’autres filières, en France, subissent aujourd’hui des aléas climatiques. Nous sommes ici plusieurs députés issus de régions d’élevage, où une dramatique sécheresse a durement frappé nos éleveurs. Nous sommes également plusieurs à savoir combien les producteurs de lait souffrent d’une absence de régulation, faute de quotas. Il convient donc d’élargir notre spectre pour prendre les bonnes décisions. Le texte que vous présentez permettra-t-il de répondre aux problèmes de court, moyen et long termes ? Nous considérons que vous faites fausse route. Ce que vous proposez est un recul pour l’environnement, la biodiversité et l’agro-écologie. Nous risquons en effet d’ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. Vous dites que vous ne signerez aucun arrêté visant un secteur autre que celui de la betterave, sauf que rien ne nous le garantit, pour des raisons constitutionnelles qui sont d’ailleurs parfaitement compréhensibles. Je sais combien la décision est compliquée à prendre dans un cas pareil et je souhaite faire quelques propositions. Nous proposons de nous diriger vers un système de compensation économique. Vous l’avez écarté, monsieur le ministre, mais un débat en la matière serait salutaire. D’autres pays, en effet, s’y sont essayé. En 2008, l’Italie a réussi à instaurer un système associant les producteurs de maïs, sur 50 000 hectares, pour accompagner cette transition et compenser le manque à gagner. Ce pays nous a montré que c’était une voie de succès. Nous proposons donc qu’un fonds de compensation soit financé par une augmentation de la taxe sur les produits phytosanitaires, ce qui aurait politiquement du sens. En outre, nous proposons de reprendre résolument le cap de la réduction de notre dépendance à la phytopharmacie en relançant le plan Écophyto, avec de vrais financements pour les fermes DEPHY et un accompagnement en termes de formation des agriculteurs. Le temps est venu non de reculer, mais d’accélérer en matière d’agro-écologie."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719806",
   "speaker": "Sophie Auconie",
   "quality": "Mme Sophie Auconie.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p912",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "912",
    "913",
    "914",
    "915",
    "916"
   ],
   "order": 912,
   "text": "Chacun d’entre nous aurait préféré ne pas avoir à se réunir pour réviser une interdiction votée voilà quatre ans. Je rejoins sur ce point Mme Barbara Pompili, ministre de la transition écologique, et je regrette vivement que la loi de 2016 n’ait pas été mieux appliquée en raison notamment d’un manque de suivi des recherches alternatives à ces produits phytopharmaceutiques Si le groupe UDI et Indépendants soutient ce projet de loi, ce n’est pas de bon cœur. Si les betteraves sont récoltées avant la floraison, la faible biodégradabilité des néonicotinoïdes provoque la diffusion de cette molécule dans les sols, notamment, où elle atteint des populations d’être vivants qui n’étaient pas ciblées. Nous voterons cette dérogation car, si nous ne le faisons pas, cette filière d’excellence française qu’est la filière sucrière sera démantelée. La France est le premier producteur européen de sucre de betterave et l’un des premiers exportateurs. Les rendements s’annoncent catastrophiques pour certains producteurs eu égard à la conjoncture environnementale. Nous sommes à la veille de perdre un fleuron de notre économie agricole mais, aussi, des emplois industriels : en tout, ce sont 46 000 emplois qui sont en jeu. Si nous voulons les sauvegarder, nous ne pouvons agir durablement en si peu de temps. Notons tout de même que dix États membres de l’Union européenne ont accordé des dérogations permettant l’usage de néonicotinoïdes en 2020. Il n’est pas question de dire que nous devons le faire parce que nos voisins le font mais de comprendre que nous ne pouvons pas mettre les agriculteurs français en difficulté face à leurs concurrents européens. M. le Président de la République Emmanuel Macron s’y est engagé : pas de sur-transpositions. Si nous laissons cette filière mourir, la France devra à terme importer du sucre de betterave de ses voisins européens qui autorisent l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes : ce serait une hérésie, sur le plan tant économique qu’environnemental – notamment en raison des émissions de gaz à effet de serre liées aux transports et du bilan carbone que cela engendrerait. C’est pourquoi le groupe UDI et Indépendants considère que nous ne pouvons pas nous passer d’une telle dérogation, mais qu’il faut qu’elle soit limitée dans le temps et restreinte, comme s’y est engagé le Gouvernement, à la seule culture de la betterave sucrière ; nous serons en outre attentifs au suivi de l’application de la loi et veillerons à ce que l’on procède au plus vite à la recherche d’autres solutions.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 407,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p912",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N43bac4f5048e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMTV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Chacun d’entre nous aurait préféré ne pas avoir à se réunir pour réviser une interdiction votée voilà quatre ans. Je rejoins sur ce point Mme [PERSONNE], ministre de la transition écologique, et je regrette vivement que la loi de 2016 n’ait pas été mieux appliquée en raison notamment d’un manque de suivi des recherches alternatives à ces produits phytopharmaceutiques Si le groupe [GROUPE] soutient ce projet de loi, ce n’est pas de bon cœur. Si les betteraves sont récoltées avant la floraison, la faible biodégradabilité des néonicotinoïdes provoque la diffusion de cette molécule dans les sols, notamment, où elle atteint des populations d’être vivants qui n’étaient pas ciblées. Nous voterons cette dérogation car, si nous ne le faisons pas, cette filière d’excellence française qu’est la filière sucrière sera démantelée. La France est le premier producteur européen de sucre de betterave et l’un des premiers exportateurs. Les rendements s’annoncent catastrophiques pour certains producteurs eu égard à la conjoncture environnementale. Nous sommes à la veille de perdre un fleuron de notre économie agricole mais, aussi, des emplois industriels : en tout, ce sont 46 000 emplois qui sont en jeu. Si nous voulons les sauvegarder, nous ne pouvons agir durablement en si peu de temps. Notons tout de même que dix États membres de l’Union européenne ont accordé des dérogations permettant l’usage de néonicotinoïdes en 2020. Il n’est pas question de dire que nous devons le faire parce que nos voisins le font mais de comprendre que nous ne pouvons pas mettre les agriculteurs français en difficulté face à leurs concurrents européens. M. le Président de la République [PERSONNE] s’y est engagé : pas de sur-transpositions. Si nous laissons cette filière mourir, la France devra à terme importer du sucre de betterave de ses voisins européens qui autorisent l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes : ce serait une hérésie, sur le plan tant économique qu’environnemental – notamment en raison des émissions de gaz à effet de serre liées aux transports et du bilan carbone que cela engendrerait. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] considère que nous ne pouvons pas nous passer d’une telle dérogation, mais qu’il faut qu’elle soit limitée dans le temps et restreinte, comme s’y est engagé le Gouvernement, à la seule culture de la betterave sucrière ; nous serons en outre attentifs au suivi de l’application de la loi et veillerons à ce que l’on procède au plus vite à la recherche d’autres solutions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p917",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "917",
    "918",
    "919"
   ],
   "order": 917,
   "text": "Avant de revenir sur les énormités proférées depuis le début de cette discussion sur les dimensions écologiques et agronomiques du problème, je voudrais situer le présent projet de loi au regard de l’urgence écologique. Si 66 % des vertébrés sauvages ont disparu de la planète en cinquante ans et 80 % des insectes d’Europe en trente ans, c’est en grande partie à cause des pesticides. Les néonicotinoïdes sont extrêmement nocifs ; ils sont 7 000 fois plus toxiques que le DDT, interdit en France depuis presque cinquante ans. Représentant 35 % à 40 % du marché mondial, ils constituent pourtant la catégorie d’insecticides la plus vendue dans le monde Le présent projet de loi revient à autoriser l’utilisation de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes sur un demi-million d’hectares de surface agricole en France, c’est-à-dire à déverser 100 tonnes de néonicotinoïdes sur notre territoire. En réalité, la racine du problème n’est pas la jaunisse de la betterave, c’est le modèle agro-industriel adopté par la filière. L’agro-industrie fabrique les conditions de sa propre destruction : l’appauvrissement du vivant par la monoculture et la production à grand renfort de pesticides ainsi que le bouleversement climatique créent un terreau favorable aux maladies et ravageurs. La France est le premier producteur européen de sucre : la filière emploie 46 000 personnes et regroupe 25 000 cultivateurs et vingt et une sucreries. Si ses difficultés économiques sont réelles, elles sont liées – cela a été dit – à la suppression en 2017 des quotas sucriers et du prix minimum garanti. Autoriser de nouveau l’usage des néonicotinoïdes reviendrait à mettre un pansement sur une jambe de bois ! Il serait préférable, à court terme, de débloquer des fonds d’urgence écoconditionnés pour les agriculteurs touchés et, à long terme, de planifier la transition de l’ensemble de la filière. Le Gouvernement nous explique que la betterave étant récoltée avant floraison, elle n’attirerait pas les pollinisateurs et qu’en conséquence, l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences ne serait pas dangereux pour les abeilles.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 332,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p917",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nccdc787489b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de revenir sur les énormités proférées depuis le début de cette discussion sur les dimensions écologiques et agronomiques du problème, je voudrais situer le présent projet de loi au regard de l’urgence écologique. Si 66 % des vertébrés sauvages ont disparu de la planète en cinquante ans et 80 % des insectes d’Europe en trente ans, c’est en grande partie à cause des pesticides. Les néonicotinoïdes sont extrêmement nocifs ; ils sont 7 000 fois plus toxiques que le DDT, interdit en France depuis presque cinquante ans. Représentant 35 % à 40 % du marché mondial, ils constituent pourtant la catégorie d’insecticides la plus vendue dans le monde Le présent projet de loi revient à autoriser l’utilisation de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes sur un demi-million d’hectares de surface agricole en France, c’est-à-dire à déverser 100 tonnes de néonicotinoïdes sur notre territoire. En réalité, la racine du problème n’est pas la jaunisse de la betterave, c’est le modèle agro-industriel adopté par la filière. L’agro-industrie fabrique les conditions de sa propre destruction : l’appauvrissement du vivant par la monoculture et la production à grand renfort de pesticides ainsi que le bouleversement climatique créent un terreau favorable aux maladies et ravageurs. La France est le premier producteur européen de sucre : la filière emploie 46 000 personnes et regroupe 25 000 cultivateurs et vingt et une sucreries. Si ses difficultés économiques sont réelles, elles sont liées – cela a été dit – à la suppression en 2017 des quotas sucriers et du prix minimum garanti. Autoriser de nouveau l’usage des néonicotinoïdes reviendrait à mettre un pansement sur une jambe de bois ! Il serait préférable, à court terme, de débloquer des fonds d’urgence écoconditionnés pour les agriculteurs touchés et, à long terme, de planifier la transition de l’ensemble de la filière. Le Gouvernement nous explique que la betterave étant récoltée avant floraison, elle n’attirerait pas les pollinisateurs et qu’en conséquence, l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences ne serait pas dangereux pour les abeilles."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p921",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "921",
    "922",
    "923"
   ],
   "order": 921,
   "text": "Or seulement 20 % de la substance active contenue dans la semence est absorbée par la plante ; le reste se diffuse dans les sols, les cours d’eau et les nappes phréatiques, où elle subsiste jusqu’à vingt ans. De quoi nuire durablement aux abeilles et à l’ensemble de la faune ! Le Gouvernement nous assure que la dérogation ne sera accordée que si l’hiver est doux – mais, monsieur le ministre, concrètement, comment allez-vous vous y prendre ? Les agriculteurs achètent leurs semences par avance. Que croyez-vous qu’ils vont faire ? En acheter des enrobées et des non-enrobées et, en fonction de la météo, semer les unes ou les autres ? Voyons ! C’est totalement irréaliste ! Vous savez très bien que tous les cultivateurs achèteront des semences enrobées et que, quelle que soit la météo, ce seront ces semences-là qui se retrouveront dans les sols. Le Gouvernement n’a rien fait pour éviter l’effondrement de la filière sucrière française. Pourtant, celle-ci était prévisible, car ses causes sont structurelles : elles sont liées à la libéralisation du marché mondial et à la suppression des quotas sucriers et du prix minimum garanti. C’est sur le plan économique qu’il convient d’agir, et non au moyen de pseudo-solutions agronomiques.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 205,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p921",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N09ed3daa5732",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Or seulement 20 % de la substance active contenue dans la semence est absorbée par la plante ; le reste se diffuse dans les sols, les cours d’eau et les nappes phréatiques, où elle subsiste jusqu’à vingt ans. De quoi nuire durablement aux abeilles et à l’ensemble de la faune ! Le Gouvernement nous assure que la dérogation ne sera accordée que si l’hiver est doux – mais, monsieur le ministre, concrètement, comment allez-vous vous y prendre ? Les agriculteurs achètent leurs semences par avance. Que croyez-vous qu’ils vont faire ? En acheter des enrobées et des non-enrobées et, en fonction de la météo, semer les unes ou les autres ? Voyons ! C’est totalement irréaliste ! Vous savez très bien que tous les cultivateurs achèteront des semences enrobées et que, quelle que soit la météo, ce seront ces semences-là qui se retrouveront dans les sols. Le Gouvernement n’a rien fait pour éviter l’effondrement de la filière sucrière française. Pourtant, celle-ci était prévisible, car ses causes sont structurelles : elles sont liées à la libéralisation du marché mondial et à la suppression des quotas sucriers et du prix minimum garanti. C’est sur le plan économique qu’il convient d’agir, et non au moyen de pseudo-solutions agronomiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p924",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "924",
    "925",
    "926",
    "927"
   ],
   "order": 924,
   "text": "Que disent les scientifiques ? Que le retour des néonicotinoïdes, même limité à la betterave, est tout sauf accessoire. Le constat fait consensus parmi eux : l’usage des néonicotinoïdes est un désastre pour la biodiversité et pour les écosystèmes, quelles que soient la dose et la technique utilisées. Ces substances se diffusant à plus de 80 % dans les sols, l’argument concernant les fleurs de betteraves est fallacieux. Les conséquences pour la nature sont immenses. Et sans biodiversité, pas d’agriculture ! Or il existe, monsieur le ministre, d’autres solutions, à commencer par des solutions économiques. Au groupe Écologie, Démocratie, Solidarité (EDS), nous ne partageons pas votre analyse ; nous pensons qu’il est possible de couvrir à 100 % pendant trois ans les pertes des agriculteurs grâce au renforcement du fonds de mutualisation existant. On pourrait aussi mettre en place, sur le modèle italien, une assurance récolte garantie par l’État afin de couvrir les pertes lorsque de telles situations surviennent. Quant aux risques qui pèseraient sur l’industrie du sucre, considérons que 24 % de la production française de betteraves sucrières sert actuellement à fabriquer des biocarburants, et non du sucre : décider d’utiliser les récoltes pour produire du sucre plutôt que des biocarburants pourrait être un choix politique. Il existe enfin des solutions agronomiques, respectueuses de la nature ; il serait bon d’inciter les agriculteurs à changer de modèle plutôt qu’à recourir de manière préventive aux néonicotinoïdes, quelles que soient les surfaces concernées et les pertes avérées. Permettez-nous de ne plus croire aux promesses du Gouvernement en la matière. Des promesses, il y en a eu tellement – chacun dans cette commission s’en rappelle : concernant le glyphosate, concernant l’interdiction de produire en France les pesticides dont l’usage est interdit chez nous, concernant l’huile de palme… Il est normal que nous soyons inquiets de n’avoir de votre part, sur ce sujet, qu’un engagement oral. Chers collègues, c’est aujourd’hui probablement la dernière fois d’ici à la fin de la législature que nous aurons l’occasion de voter sur ces questions de biodiversité. Ne la loupons pas ! Pour notre part, nous voterons contre la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 354,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p924",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncf4f20a0ed96",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Que disent les scientifiques ? Que le retour des néonicotinoïdes, même limité à la betterave, est tout sauf accessoire. Le constat fait consensus parmi eux : l’usage des néonicotinoïdes est un désastre pour la biodiversité et pour les écosystèmes, quelles que soient la dose et la technique utilisées. Ces substances se diffusant à plus de 80 % dans les sols, l’argument concernant les fleurs de betteraves est fallacieux. Les conséquences pour la nature sont immenses. Et sans biodiversité, pas d’agriculture ! Or il existe, monsieur le ministre, d’autres solutions, à commencer par des solutions économiques. Au groupe Écologie, Démocratie, Solidarité (EDS), nous ne partageons pas votre analyse ; nous pensons qu’il est possible de couvrir à 100 % pendant trois ans les pertes des agriculteurs grâce au renforcement du fonds de mutualisation existant. On pourrait aussi mettre en place, sur le modèle italien, une assurance récolte garantie par l’État afin de couvrir les pertes lorsque de telles situations surviennent. Quant aux risques qui pèseraient sur l’industrie du sucre, considérons que 24 % de la production française de betteraves sucrières sert actuellement à fabriquer des biocarburants, et non du sucre : décider d’utiliser les récoltes pour produire du sucre plutôt que des biocarburants pourrait être un choix politique. Il existe enfin des solutions agronomiques, respectueuses de la nature ; il serait bon d’inciter les agriculteurs à changer de modèle plutôt qu’à recourir de manière préventive aux néonicotinoïdes, quelles que soient les surfaces concernées et les pertes avérées. Permettez-nous de ne plus croire aux promesses du Gouvernement en la matière. Des promesses, il y en a eu tellement – chacun dans cette commission s’en rappelle : concernant le glyphosate, concernant l’interdiction de produire en France les pesticides dont l’usage est interdit chez nous, concernant l’huile de palme… Il est normal que nous soyons inquiets de n’avoir de votre part, sur ce sujet, qu’un engagement oral. Chers collègues, c’est aujourd’hui probablement la dernière fois d’ici à la fin de la législature que nous aurons l’occasion de voter sur ces questions de biodiversité. Ne la loupons pas ! Pour notre part, nous voterons contre la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722110",
   "speaker": "Hubert Wulfranc",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Wulfranc.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p928",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "928",
    "929",
    "930",
    "931",
    "932"
   ],
   "order": 928,
   "text": "Nous nous trouvons à nouveau placés devant un dilemme insoutenable : d’un côté, l’économie et le soutien à une filière agricole majeure ; de l’autre, l’environnement, la santé, la biodiversité. Quid de l’état actuel de la recherche et de l’existence éventuelle d’autres solutions ? Nous vous remercions, monsieur le ministre, pour votre propos explicatif, mais estimons que nous n’avons pas été suffisamment éclairés sur les enjeux en matière de recherche. Ce que nous savons en revanche, c’est qu’un certain nombre de betteraviers travaillant en agriculture raisonnée disent avoir réussi à épargner la jaunisse à leurs cultures – c’est certes au prix de méthodes plus coûteuses et avec une efficacité moyenne, mais c’est une réalité. Pour les autres, on évoque une baisse de 20 % à 40 % des rendements, mais prenons garde à ne pas ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. Prenez le blé : les rendements ont baissé de 20 %. Que fera-t-on pour les producteurs de blé ? Le problème est plutôt de savoir comment soutenir une filière qui traverse depuis quelque temps une passe difficile – cela a été dit, cela découle notamment de la suppression des quotas – et qui se trouve aujourd’hui frappée par cette maladie. L’enjeu est à la fois agricole, industriel, social et commercial. Il nécessiterait, comme l’ont souligné mes collègues MM. Guillaume Garot et Matthieu Orphelin, que soit établi un plan pour la filière d’une tout autre nature et d’une portée autrement plus vaste qu’une mesure conjoncturelle qui percute les priorités sanitaires et écologiques jusque-là affichées par les pouvoirs publics. De surcroît, une telle décision renforcerait l’agribashing à un moment où les tensions sont particulièrement vives dans la société française. Même si cette décision est partagée avec la filière, en faire peser la responsabilité sur celle-ci me pose problème. Enfin, dans votre argumentation, vous prenez acte avec une indifférence qui m’apparaît coupable du laxisme de onze pays européens. Cela suffit à réduire à néant cet argument. En conclusion, les députés communistes ne sont pas favorables à ce texte ; ils ne chercheront pas à l’amender et le rejetteront en totalité.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 347,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p928",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb001ad1ab475",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BESV",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous nous trouvons à nouveau placés devant un dilemme insoutenable : d’un côté, l’économie et le soutien à une filière agricole majeure ; de l’autre, l’environnement, la santé, la biodiversité. Quid de l’état actuel de la recherche et de l’existence éventuelle d’autres solutions ? Nous vous remercions, monsieur le ministre, pour votre propos explicatif, mais estimons que nous n’avons pas été suffisamment éclairés sur les enjeux en matière de recherche. Ce que nous savons en revanche, c’est qu’un certain nombre de betteraviers travaillant en agriculture raisonnée disent avoir réussi à épargner la jaunisse à leurs cultures – c’est certes au prix de méthodes plus coûteuses et avec une efficacité moyenne, mais c’est une réalité. Pour les autres, on évoque une baisse de 20 % à 40 % des rendements, mais prenons garde à ne pas ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. Prenez le blé : les rendements ont baissé de 20 %. Que fera-t-on pour les producteurs de blé ? Le problème est plutôt de savoir comment soutenir une filière qui traverse depuis quelque temps une passe difficile – cela a été dit, cela découle notamment de la suppression des quotas – et qui se trouve aujourd’hui frappée par cette maladie. L’enjeu est à la fois agricole, industriel, social et commercial. Il nécessiterait, comme l’ont souligné mes collègues MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], que soit établi un plan pour la filière d’une tout autre nature et d’une portée autrement plus vaste qu’une mesure conjoncturelle qui percute les priorités sanitaires et écologiques jusque-là affichées par les pouvoirs publics. De surcroît, une telle décision renforcerait l’agribashing à un moment où les tensions sont particulièrement vives dans la société française. Même si cette décision est partagée avec la filière, en faire peser la responsabilité sur celle-ci me pose problème. Enfin, dans votre argumentation, vous prenez acte avec une indifférence qui m’apparaît coupable du laxisme de onze pays européens. Cela suffit à réduire à néant cet argument. En conclusion, les députés communistes ne sont pas favorables à ce texte ; ils ne chercheront pas à l’amender et le rejetteront en totalité."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605518",
   "speaker": "François-Michel Lambert",
   "quality": "M. François-Michel Lambert.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p933",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "933",
    "934",
    "935",
    "936"
   ],
   "order": 933,
   "text": "La filière de la betterave sucrière subit avant tout l’effondrement des prix du sucre, du fait de la fin des quotas européens et de la surproduction mondiale. Nous aurions tant aimé que le Gouvernement se mobilise sur ce dossier autant qu’il le fait pour revenir sur une interdiction datant de 2016 ! Les premiers travaux qui déboucheront sur cette décision remontent à plus de sept ans – j’étais à l’époque le chef de file du groupe écologiste pour l’examen du projet de loi relatif à la biodiversité. Permettez-moi de rappeler comment ce résultat a été obtenu : le vote s’est joué à deux voix près. Il a été acquis parce que des députés Les Républicains pro-chasse ont quitté l’hémicycle pour permettre l’adoption de cette mesure ; ils savaient bien que s’il n’y avait plus de petit gibier, notamment d’oiseaux, c’est parce qu’il n’y avait plus d’insectes – les néonicotinoïdes ne touchent pas que les pollinisateurs : c’est tout l’équilibre naturel et la biodiversité qui sont atteints, y compris les oiseaux. Si vous ne me croyez pas, consultez le compte rendu ou regardez la vidéo ! Cette interdiction n’était pas dirigée contre les agriculteurs, c’était une mesure pour la sauvegarde des insectes, des pollinisateurs et de la biodiversité dans son ensemble, et c’est pourquoi il n’est pas acceptable que nous revenions dessus aujourd’hui. Nous devons avoir le courage de faire le choix politique de préserver des pans entiers de biodiversité dans nos campagnes. Ne mettons pas les pieds dans un monde inconnu ! Si l’on pouvait mesurer la valeur économique de la biodiversité, des insectes pollinisateurs ou des oiseaux, je peux vous assurer que personne, y compris au Gouvernement, n’autoriserait le retour des néonicotinoïdes. Le prix à payer est sans comparaison avec les pertes économiques que subissent actuellement les agriculteurs et l’ensemble de la filière. Pourquoi ne pas porter un autre regard sur la question, par exemple en accompagnant économiquement la filière, comme le propose notre collègue M. Guillaume Garot, ancien ministre de l’agriculture et expert du sujet ? Un dernier mot. Nous avons, pour une grande part d’entre nous, voté la fermeture des centrales à charbon.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 356,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p933",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb3e53296a90a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La filière de la betterave sucrière subit avant tout l’effondrement des prix du sucre, du fait de la fin des quotas européens et de la surproduction mondiale. Nous aurions tant aimé que le Gouvernement se mobilise sur ce dossier autant qu’il le fait pour revenir sur une interdiction datant de 2016 ! Les premiers travaux qui déboucheront sur cette décision remontent à plus de sept ans – j’étais à l’époque le chef de file du groupe [GROUPE] pour l’examen du projet de loi relatif à la biodiversité. Permettez-moi de rappeler comment ce résultat a été obtenu : le vote s’est joué à deux voix près. Il a été acquis parce que des députés [GROUPE] pro-chasse ont quitté l’hémicycle pour permettre l’adoption de cette mesure ; ils savaient bien que s’il n’y avait plus de petit gibier, notamment d’oiseaux, c’est parce qu’il n’y avait plus d’insectes – les néonicotinoïdes ne touchent pas que les pollinisateurs : c’est tout l’équilibre naturel et la biodiversité qui sont atteints, y compris les oiseaux. Si vous ne me croyez pas, consultez le compte rendu ou regardez la vidéo ! Cette interdiction n’était pas dirigée contre les agriculteurs, c’était une mesure pour la sauvegarde des insectes, des pollinisateurs et de la biodiversité dans son ensemble, et c’est pourquoi il n’est pas acceptable que nous revenions dessus aujourd’hui. Nous devons avoir le courage de faire le choix politique de préserver des pans entiers de biodiversité dans nos campagnes. Ne mettons pas les pieds dans un monde inconnu ! Si l’on pouvait mesurer la valeur économique de la biodiversité, des insectes pollinisateurs ou des oiseaux, je peux vous assurer que personne, y compris au Gouvernement, n’autoriserait le retour des néonicotinoïdes. Le prix à payer est sans comparaison avec les pertes économiques que subissent actuellement les agriculteurs et l’ensemble de la filière. Pourquoi ne pas porter un autre regard sur la question, par exemple en accompagnant économiquement la filière, comme le propose notre collègue M. [PERSONNE], ancien ministre de l’agriculture et expert du sujet ? Un dernier mot. Nous avons, pour une grande part d’entre nous, voté la fermeture des centrales à charbon."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605518",
   "speaker": "François-Michel Lambert",
   "quality": "M. François-Michel Lambert.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p938",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "938"
   ],
   "order": 938,
   "text": "J’assume cette décision, quoique l’une d’entre elles soit située dans ma ville, Gardanne. Toutefois, l’État nous accompagne – petitement, certes, à hauteur de 40 millions d’euros, mais c’est déjà ça. (Exclamations parmi les députés du groupe LR.) Voilà qui montre bien qu’une décision politique peut aller avec un accompagnement économique",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p938",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na2abcc21ebc1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’assume cette décision, quoique l’une d’entre elles soit située dans ma ville, Gardanne. Toutefois, l’État nous accompagne – petitement, certes, à hauteur de 40 millions d’euros, mais c’est déjà ça. (Exclamations parmi les députés du groupe [GROUPE].) Voilà qui montre bien qu’une décision politique peut aller avec un accompagnement économique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p940",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "940",
    "941",
    "942",
    "943"
   ],
   "order": 940,
   "text": "Chers collègues, si une filière économique, quelle qu’elle soit, venait vous voir à l’Assemblée, ou si elle venait voir le Gouvernement, en prétendant que les énergies fossiles n’émettent pas de CO2 et ne jouent aucun rôle dans l’accélération du changement climatique, vous seriez choqués. Eh bien, nous devrions l’être que la filière de la betterave sucrière considère que l’usage de néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences pour la culture des betteraves n’a d’effets ni sur les insectes, ni sur les abeilles, ni sur la biodiversité. C’est écrit noir sur blanc dans le plan qu’elle a présenté aujourd’hui ! Monsieur le ministre, j’espère que ce plan, vous allez le refuser Il nie les conclusions de 1 221 études scientifiques. Il prévoit, tenez-vous bien, l’exploitation de 500 hectares de cultures de betteraves sans néonicotinoïdes, soit 1 % de la surface cultivée en France, et de 1 000 hectares, c’est-à-dire 2 % de la surface, en 2023. Et l’on veut nous faire croire que c’est le chemin à suivre pour que l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes soit une réalité en 2023 ? M. Christian Huyghe, de l’INRAE, que le rapporteur du projet de loi pour la commission des affaires économiques a auditionné, nous a dit que si le projet de loi était adopté, dans trois ans, on en serait au même point. Le plan proposé par la filière prévoit aussi une réduction de 25 % de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semence et l’implantation de 4 000 hectares de nouvelles surfaces de plantes mellifères, dans des exploitations qui auront été directement contaminées par les néonicotinoïdes. Cela ne changera strictement rien ! Alors que nous portons un masque du fait de la destruction de la biodiversité et que nous avions inscrit dans la loi du 8 août 2016 le principe de non-régression du droit de l’environnement, ce projet de loi est un contresens historique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 308,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p940",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8fad8ec6a610",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues, si une filière économique, quelle qu’elle soit, venait vous voir à l’Assemblée, ou si elle venait voir le Gouvernement, en prétendant que les énergies fossiles n’émettent pas de CO2 et ne jouent aucun rôle dans l’accélération du changement climatique, vous seriez choqués. Eh bien, nous devrions l’être que la filière de la betterave sucrière considère que l’usage de néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semences pour la culture des betteraves n’a d’effets ni sur les insectes, ni sur les abeilles, ni sur la biodiversité. C’est écrit noir sur blanc dans le plan qu’elle a présenté aujourd’hui ! Monsieur le ministre, j’espère que ce plan, vous allez le refuser Il nie les conclusions de 1 221 études scientifiques. Il prévoit, tenez-vous bien, l’exploitation de 500 hectares de cultures de betteraves sans néonicotinoïdes, soit 1 % de la surface cultivée en France, et de 1 000 hectares, c’est-à-dire 2 % de la surface, en 2023. Et l’on veut nous faire croire que c’est le chemin à suivre pour que l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes soit une réalité en 2023 ? M. Christian Huyghe, de l’INRAE, que le rapporteur du projet de loi pour la commission des affaires économiques a auditionné, nous a dit que si le projet de loi était adopté, dans trois ans, on en serait au même point. Le plan proposé par la filière prévoit aussi une réduction de 25 % de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semence et l’implantation de 4 000 hectares de nouvelles surfaces de plantes mellifères, dans des exploitations qui auront été directement contaminées par les néonicotinoïdes. Cela ne changera strictement rien ! Alors que nous portons un masque du fait de la destruction de la biodiversité et que nous avions inscrit dans la loi du 8 août 2016 le principe de non-régression du droit de l’environnement, ce projet de loi est un contresens historique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p944",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "944",
    "945"
   ],
   "order": 944,
   "text": "Le groupe LaREM est d’accord pour dire qu’il faut réduire au maximum le champ d’application de ce texte. C’est pourquoi nous présenterons deux amendements portant tant sur le contenu du projet de loi que sur son titre, afin qu’il ne s’applique qu’à la betterave sucrière. Il importe de le préciser, car il ne doit pas servir à autre chose qu’à répondre à la crise ponctuelle traversée par un secteur spécifique. C’est pourquoi nous voulons limiter dans le temps et dans son objet la portée du texte Il serait pour autant dommage qu’on oublie que 90 % des néonicotinoïdes employés avant 2016 sont d’ores et déjà interdits et que nous sommes en train de construire la marche qui nous permettra d’atteindre les 100 %. Faisons-le, chers collègues !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 127,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p944",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc506fd862c45",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] est d’accord pour dire qu’il faut réduire au maximum le champ d’application de ce texte. C’est pourquoi nous présenterons deux amendements portant tant sur le contenu du projet de loi que sur son titre, afin qu’il ne s’applique qu’à la betterave sucrière. Il importe de le préciser, car il ne doit pas servir à autre chose qu’à répondre à la crise ponctuelle traversée par un secteur spécifique. C’est pourquoi nous voulons limiter dans le temps et dans son objet la portée du texte Il serait pour autant dommage qu’on oublie que 90 % des néonicotinoïdes employés avant 2016 sont d’ores et déjà interdits et que nous sommes en train de construire la marche qui nous permettra d’atteindre les 100 %. Faisons-le, chers collègues !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA267204",
   "speaker": "Jean-Marie Sermier",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Marie Sermier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p946",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "946",
    "947",
    "948"
   ],
   "order": 946,
   "text": "Quelle hypocrisie chez certains… L’écologie, ce n’est pas uniquement des effets de manche et des effusions médiatiques ! On ne peut pas dire continuellement que chez nous, on lave plus blanc que blanc et laisser les autres pays faire ce qu’ils veulent en important ce qu’ils produisent pour notre consommation. On voudrait faire croire à nos concitoyens qu’en France, on ne fait rien. C’est scandaleux ! J’ai voté contre l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes à l’époque, mais je reconnais qu’elle a permis de faire avancer les mentalités ainsi que la recherche Ce dont nous parlons, c’est de transition écologique, pas de rupture ! Donnons du temps au temps. Les agriculteurs font leur boulot. Arrêtons de considérer qu’ils sont des incapables et qu’ils doivent être formés ; ils ont fait un travail formidable pour avancer dans ce domaine. Je veux dire au ministre que si je ne lui apporte pas tous les jours mon soutien, il fait montre en l’espèce d’un grand courage et que c’est faire honneur à la République que de prendre une telle décision.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 174,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p946",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2f9957a135da",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quelle hypocrisie chez certains… L’écologie, ce n’est pas uniquement des effets de manche et des effusions médiatiques ! On ne peut pas dire continuellement que chez nous, on lave plus blanc que blanc et laisser les autres pays faire ce qu’ils veulent en important ce qu’ils produisent pour notre consommation. On voudrait faire croire à nos concitoyens qu’en France, on ne fait rien. C’est scandaleux ! J’ai voté contre l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes à l’époque, mais je reconnais qu’elle a permis de faire avancer les mentalités ainsi que la recherche Ce dont nous parlons, c’est de transition écologique, pas de rupture ! Donnons du temps au temps. Les agriculteurs font leur boulot. Arrêtons de considérer qu’ils sont des incapables et qu’ils doivent être formés ; ils ont fait un travail formidable pour avancer dans ce domaine. Je veux dire au ministre que si je ne lui apporte pas tous les jours mon soutien, il fait montre en l’espèce d’un grand courage et que c’est faire honneur à la République que de prendre une telle décision."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA267527",
   "speaker": "Martial Saddier",
   "quality": "M. Martial Saddier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p949",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "949",
    "950"
   ],
   "order": 949,
   "text": "J’ai beaucoup travaillé sur ces sujets au cours des précédentes législatures et je suis dubitatif quant à ce qui nous est présenté aujourd’hui – mais je resterai attentif à ce qui sera dit en commission et dans l’hémicycle Des engagements ont déjà été pris, mais peut-être pourrions-nous en ajouter un ? Chaque année, l’Institut technique et scientifique de l’apiculture et de la pollinisation (ITSAP), couramment appelé l’Institut de l’abeille et qui est issu des travaux parlementaires de 2008, est obligé de contacter les parlementaires sensibilisés à ces questions pour quémander quelques centaines de milliers d’euros afin de clôturer son budget. Voilà, concrètement, comment cela se passe aujourd’hui ! Alors peut-être pourrions-nous, avant toute chose, prendre l’engagement solennel que sera assuré à l’avenir le financement des structures qui œuvrent au quotidien à la protection des abeilles et des apoïdes sauvages.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 139,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p949",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf13aceb1d7ed",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai beaucoup travaillé sur ces sujets au cours des précédentes législatures et je suis dubitatif quant à ce qui nous est présenté aujourd’hui – mais je resterai attentif à ce qui sera dit en commission et dans l’hémicycle Des engagements ont déjà été pris, mais peut-être pourrions-nous en ajouter un ? Chaque année, l’Institut technique et scientifique de l’apiculture et de la pollinisation (ITSAP), couramment appelé l’Institut de l’abeille et qui est issu des travaux parlementaires de 2008, est obligé de contacter les parlementaires sensibilisés à ces questions pour quémander quelques centaines de milliers d’euros afin de clôturer son budget. Voilà, concrètement, comment cela se passe aujourd’hui ! Alors peut-être pourrions-nous, avant toute chose, prendre l’engagement solennel que sera assuré à l’avenir le financement des structures qui œuvrent au quotidien à la protection des abeilles et des apoïdes sauvages."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p951",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "951",
    "952"
   ],
   "order": 951,
   "text": "Ce débat est assez confus. Il serait bon de préciser certains chiffres. Pour la perte de rendement des betteraves, on a parlé de moins 40 % ou de moins 50 % ; la prévision est de moins 15 % en moyenne sur le territoire national – c’est l’Association interprofessionnelle de la betterave et du sucre (AIBS) qui le dit dans un document publié aujourd’hui. Et encore : c’est un calcul par rapport à la moyenne des cinq dernières années ; si l’on compare à la situation d’il y a cinq ans, cela représente à peu près la même production. Quatre sucreries ont fermé en France durant cette période : je ne vois pas de signe d’effondrement de la filière sucre qui serait lié à la jaunisse de la betterave – des difficultés dues à la compétition internationale et aux règles européennes, ça, en revanche, oui Tant qu’à parler d’effondrement, je vous renverrai à l’excellent article de MM. Francisco Sánchez-Bayo et Kris A.G. Wyckhuys sur celui des populations d’insectes : il y est indiqué que 80 % d’entre elles ont disparu au cours des vingt-cinq dernières années et que les néonicotinoïdes sont l’une des causes majeures de cet effondrement en raison de leur très grande toxicité, de leur faculté à se répandre partout, surtout ceux qui sont utilisés en enrobage, et de leur dégradation lente : l’imidaclopride a par exemple une demi-vie de 228 jours – chiffre fourni par l’agrochimie. Votre décision est un contresens historique !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 246,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p951",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2d1c8d5f0e57",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ESV",
   "s": "AR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce débat est assez confus. Il serait bon de préciser certains chiffres. Pour la perte de rendement des betteraves, on a parlé de moins 40 % ou de moins 50 % ; la prévision est de moins 15 % en moyenne sur le territoire national – c’est l’Association interprofessionnelle de la betterave et du sucre (AIBS) qui le dit dans un document publié aujourd’hui. Et encore : c’est un calcul par rapport à la moyenne des cinq dernières années ; si l’on compare à la situation d’il y a cinq ans, cela représente à peu près la même production. Quatre sucreries ont fermé en France durant cette période : je ne vois pas de signe d’effondrement de la filière sucre qui serait lié à la jaunisse de la betterave – des difficultés dues à la compétition internationale et aux règles européennes, ça, en revanche, oui Tant qu’à parler d’effondrement, je vous renverrai à l’excellent article de MM. Francisco Sánchez-Bayo et Kris A.G. Wyckhuys sur celui des populations d’insectes : il y est indiqué que 80 % d’entre elles ont disparu au cours des vingt-cinq dernières années et que les néonicotinoïdes sont l’une des causes majeures de cet effondrement en raison de leur très grande toxicité, de leur faculté à se répandre partout, surtout ceux qui sont utilisés en enrobage, et de leur dégradation lente : l’imidaclopride a par exemple une demi-vie de 228 jours – chiffre fourni par l’agrochimie. Votre décision est un contresens historique !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719806",
   "speaker": "Sophie Auconie",
   "quality": "Mme Sophie Auconie.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p953",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "953"
   ],
   "order": 953,
   "text": "Il est évident qu’il devra s’agir d’une mesure dérogatoire extrêmement encadrée et soumise à conditions, notamment à la recherche d’autres solutions. Je regrette les propos tenus par certains collègues qui, demain, seront les premiers à hurler aux côtés des acteurs de la filière sucrière contre le Gouvernement, quel qu’il soit, parce que la filière se sera cassé la figure et qu’il y aura eu des pertes d’emploi. À ce moment-là, ils auront oublié pourquoi la filière a été abandonnée ! J’estime qu’il est de notre responsabilité de mesurer chacun de nos actes – et chacun de nos propos",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p953",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N469f62108d38",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il est évident qu’il devra s’agir d’une mesure dérogatoire extrêmement encadrée et soumise à conditions, notamment à la recherche d’autres solutions. Je regrette les propos tenus par certains collègues qui, demain, seront les premiers à hurler aux côtés des acteurs de la filière sucrière contre le Gouvernement, quel qu’il soit, parce que la filière se sera cassé la figure et qu’il y aura eu des pertes d’emploi. À ce moment-là, ils auront oublié pourquoi la filière a été abandonnée ! J’estime qu’il est de notre responsabilité de mesurer chacun de nos actes – et chacun de nos propos"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605518",
   "speaker": "François-Michel Lambert",
   "quality": "M. François-Michel Lambert.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p954",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "954"
   ],
   "order": 954,
   "text": "Je voudrais abonder dans le sens de M. Martial Saddier : s’il y a un point sur lequel nous pourrions aboutir à un consensus avant d’attaquer l’examen des articles, c’est bien celui du cruel manque de moyens de l’Institut de l’abeille. De nouvelles formes de comptabilité apparaissent afin de mesurer ce qui compte vraiment dans la vie, à savoir non le compte en banque de quelques-uns, mais la résilience et la structure même de notre société, à travers notamment les relations sociales et l’équilibre environnemental. Nous commettons une faute lourde en n’investissant pas dans ce type de structures. Avant d’aller plus avant dans la discussion, pourriez-vous, monsieur le ministre, apporter une réponse à cette demande d’inscription de crédits supplémentaires au budget de l’ITSAP ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 124,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p954",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7305fea5a2f7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais abonder dans le sens de M. [PERSONNE] : s’il y a un point sur lequel nous pourrions aboutir à un consensus avant d’attaquer l’examen des articles, c’est bien celui du cruel manque de moyens de l’Institut de l’abeille. De nouvelles formes de comptabilité apparaissent afin de mesurer ce qui compte vraiment dans la vie, à savoir non le compte en banque de quelques-uns, mais la résilience et la structure même de notre société, à travers notamment les relations sociales et l’équilibre environnemental. Nous commettons une faute lourde en n’investissant pas dans ce type de structures. Avant d’aller plus avant dans la discussion, pourriez-vous, monsieur le ministre, apporter une réponse à cette demande d’inscription de crédits supplémentaires au budget de l’ITSAP ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p955",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "955",
    "956",
    "957"
   ],
   "order": 955,
   "text": "Ce que je regrette avant tout, c’est que nous examinions ce projet de loi pour avis. Une commission spéciale aurait dû s’en saisir ; il n’est pas normal que l’on considère que l’agriculture est une affaire économique, plutôt qu’écologique. C’est révélateur des problèmes qu’elle traverse aujourd’hui ! D’autre part, faire une loi de circonstance et mettre en place une dérogation quand on a un problème, c’est gouverner à courte vue. On cède à la pression alors qu’on fait face à une catastrophe écologique annoncée ! Notre collègue M. Jean-Claude Leclabart, qui est agriculteur, l’a dit lui-même : de toute façon, trois ans, ce ne sera sûrement pas assez. C’est très inquiétant ! Vous jurez vos grands dieux, monsieur le ministre, que la mesure sera circonscrite à la betterave, mais le problème touche aussi d’autres filières.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p955",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N31b5b69f9788",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce que je regrette avant tout, c’est que nous examinions ce projet de loi pour avis. Une commission spéciale aurait dû s’en saisir ; il n’est pas normal que l’on considère que l’agriculture est une affaire économique, plutôt qu’écologique. C’est révélateur des problèmes qu’elle traverse aujourd’hui ! D’autre part, faire une loi de circonstance et mettre en place une dérogation quand on a un problème, c’est gouverner à courte vue. On cède à la pression alors qu’on fait face à une catastrophe écologique annoncée ! Notre collègue M. [PERSONNE], qui est agriculteur, l’a dit lui-même : de toute façon, trois ans, ce ne sera sûrement pas assez. C’est très inquiétant ! Vous jurez vos grands dieux, monsieur le ministre, que la mesure sera circonscrite à la betterave, mais le problème touche aussi d’autres filières."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p960",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "960",
    "961"
   ],
   "order": 960,
   "text": "Je vous remercie, monsieur M. Jean-Luc Fugit, d’avoir rappelé que la loi du 8 août 2016 avait permis qu’à plus de 90 %, les néonicotinoïdes ne soient plus utilisés dans notre pays, car c’est cela, la réalité. Cette ambition a été défendue avec courage par les parlementaires et appliquée avec tout autant de courage par les agriculteurs, et le résultat est là. Ce courage-là ne doit toutefois pas empêcher, lorsqu’on se trouve dans une impasse, d’avoir l’humilité de le reconnaître Je tiens à souligner que jamais je n’ai essayé de minimiser les conséquences environnementales de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Ce que je privilégie, c’est une approche en termes de souveraineté. Peut-on dire que quand bien même on ne trouverait pas d’autres solutions, ce ne serait pas si grave, que la filière s’arrêtera et qu’on arrêtera de manger du sucre dans deux ans ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 142,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p960",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na4bc1e99930d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie, monsieur M. [PERSONNE], d’avoir rappelé que la loi du 8 août 2016 avait permis qu’à plus de 90 %, les néonicotinoïdes ne soient plus utilisés dans notre pays, car c’est cela, la réalité. Cette ambition a été défendue avec courage par les parlementaires et appliquée avec tout autant de courage par les agriculteurs, et le résultat est là. Ce courage-là ne doit toutefois pas empêcher, lorsqu’on se trouve dans une impasse, d’avoir l’humilité de le reconnaître Je tiens à souligner que jamais je n’ai essayé de minimiser les conséquences environnementales de l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Ce que je privilégie, c’est une approche en termes de souveraineté. Peut-on dire que quand bien même on ne trouverait pas d’autres solutions, ce ne serait pas si grave, que la filière s’arrêtera et qu’on arrêtera de manger du sucre dans deux ans ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p963",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "963",
    "964",
    "965",
    "966",
    "967",
    "968",
    "969",
    "970"
   ],
   "order": 963,
   "text": "Que se passera-t-il, en réalité, monsieur François-Michel Lambert ? Ce qui se passera, c’est que nos concitoyens continueront à manger du sucre, sauf que ce sucre ne sera plus produit par notre filière, il sera importé : ce sera du sucre polonais, belge ou allemand, qui, Mme Aude Luquet l’a rappelé, sera produit non seulement avec des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi avec d’autres substances aux effets très graves sur l’environnement, comme les pyréthrinoïdes, et dans des proportions qui n’ont rien à voir avec ce qui est permis par l’agro-écologie française. C’est pourquoi je dis qu’il s’agit d’une question de souveraineté et que cette question se pose de manière spécifique pour la betterave, au-delà de son caractère mellifère ou non, parce que cette culture est étroitement liée à un outil industriel, les sucreries, et que si, aujourd’hui, les agriculteurs ne plantent plus de betteraves, eh bien, en l’espace d’un an, faute de matière première, les sucreries fermeront et toute la filière s’arrêtera. On peut tenir les plus beaux discours au monde, ce sera ça, la conséquence, sur le terrain. Je n’ai rien contre nos voisins polonais, belges ou allemands, que je côtoie tous les jours en ce moment dans le cadre de la réforme de la PAC, mais je peux vous dire qu’ils regardent avec beaucoup d’attention ce qui se passe en France en se demandant si ce sera ou non demain un nouveau débouché pour leurs exportations Vous avez raison, madame Aude Luquet : si l’on veut développer le bio-contrôle, c’est-à-dire l’activité des auxiliaires, comme les coccinelles, il faut leur donner le gîte et le couvert pour qu’ils puissent se développer en même temps que les pucerons et éradiquer ceux-ci. C’est pourquoi les haies sont une des solutions. Fort de ce constat et conformément à mes convictions favorables à l’agro-écologie, nous financerons, dans le cadre du plan de relance, à hauteur de 50 millions d’euros, la plantation de haies dans les exploitations agricoles. Pourrions-nous, au lieu d’accorder cette dérogation, mettre le système sous perfusion le temps de trouver une solution ? Cela reviendrait à accorder aux agriculteurs une aide économique en leur demandant de planter des betteraves quoi qu’il arrive. J’ai beaucoup travaillé sur cette question avec Mme Barbara Pompili. D’un point de vue politique, écologique et économique, c’eût été la solution la plus simple – mais il y a une difficulté majeure : c’est qu’aujourd’hui les règles européennes, qui, quoi qu’en pensent certains, s’imposent à nous, ne nous permettent pas d’indemniser les agriculteurs à 100 %. Les aides sont attribuées, en fonction du risque sanitaire ou écologique, à hauteur de 60 % à 65 % en moyenne. Ainsi, monsieur François-Michel Lambert, le régime de base du Fonds national agricole de mutualisation du risque sanitaire et environnemental (FMSE), que vous évoquiez, est le suivant : financement à 65 % par l’État, les 35 % restant étant à la charge de la profession. Du coup, j’ai regardé si l’on ne pouvait pas déclarer un régime d’aides exceptionnelles. D’abord, cela pose un problème de calendrier : il faut compter généralement un an avant d’obtenir une réponse ; entre-temps, les agriculteurs ne planteraient pas de betteraves et la filière aurait le temps de s’effondrer. Ensuite, on ne pourrait pas aller au-delà de 80 %. Mettez-vous à la place d’un agriculteur. On vous dit : « Plante : au pire des cas, tu ne perdras que 20 % ». Qu’est-ce que vous faites ? D’abord, il y a un facteur psychologique : l’ingénieur agronome que je suis peut vous assurer que le métier d’agriculteur, ce n’est pas de planter un végétal qui va mal ou d’élever un animal qui est malade ; on ne peut pas faire ça, cela vous prend aux tripes. Et de toute façon, si l’on vous annonce 20 % de perte, il est évident que vous plantez autre chose ! Aujourd’hui, en effet, contrairement à ce qu’a affirmé M. Loïc Prud’homme, il n’existe plus de monoculture betteravière : dans une exploitation betteravière, la culture de la betterave représente tout au plus 30 % de la surface ; on peut donc tout de suite passer à autre chose, ce qui n’était pas forcément le cas il y a vingt-cinq ans. Cette solution économique, nous l’avons donc étudiée en détail, mais elle se heurte à la réglementation européenne sur les aides d’État. On peut toujours faire appel au principe assurantiel, c’est comme pour les assurances à titre individuel : on se heurtera au problème de la franchise, qui fait qu’il y a toujours une part qui reste à la charge de l’assuré pour que le risque soit partagé. Un agriculteur qui a la possibilité de planter autre chose ne va pas accepter une prise de risque de 35 %, ni même de 20 % ! Je suis allé jusqu’à mettre entre 150 millions et 200 millions d’euros sur la table – c’est vous dire. Les représentants de la filière m’ont rétorqué : « Vous pourriez aller jusqu’à 1 milliard, nous ne les prendrions pas, car de toute façon, nous serons perdants. » Ce n’est pas un problème de législation nationale : c’est le règlement européen qui veut cela, et on ne peut pas s’asseoir dessus, sous peine d’une amende pouvant atteindre 1 milliard d’euros. La compensation économique ne peut donc être une solution, car il reste toujours une part à la charge de l’agriculteur – on le vérifie d’ailleurs aujourd’hui avec les mesures de soutien concernant la culture de la pomme de terre, l’arboriculture ou la viticulture. M. Matthieu Orphelin évoque ensuite la part de récolte – 24 % – utilisée pour produire des biocarburants, mais l’enjeu n’est pas d’assurer des débouchés à la sucrerie, c’est de convaincre les agriculteurs de planter des betteraves. Placer les sucreries sous perfusion financière est aisé, mais sans intrants, elles ne passeront pas l’hiver. Quand bien même l’État rachèterait la totalité de la production des sucreries – ce qu’il n’a pas le droit de faire – il faut convaincre les agriculteurs de planter des betteraves. Or même sous perfusion, ils porteront toujours un risque économique, donc ils se tourneront vers d’autres cultures. S’agissant du volet écologique, évoqué notamment par M. Hubert Wulfranc, non, les parcelles en agriculture biologique ne sont pas épargnées par la jaunisse. J’en ai eu la confirmation par M. Christian Huygue ce matin. J’ai même diligenté des services de la préfecture d’Île-de-France sur des parcelles. Ce n’est pas une question de système de production : la solution agronomique d’échelle n’existe pas aujourd’hui. Dire que l’on peut toujours faire pousser une betterave revient à prétendre que le vélo est une alternative à la voiture pour aller jusqu’au sommet d’une montagne : pour atteindre 3 000 mètres d’altitude, c’est une alternative compliquée. La culture biologique est touchée comme la culture conventionnelle, ce qui prouve que la solution réside dans d’autres pratiques culturales, notamment les écosystèmes permettant de faire vivre les auxiliaires et la sélection des semences. Plusieurs d’entre vous craignent que ce projet de loi n’ouvre la boîte de Pandore. Je le répète : il n’a vocation à traiter que de la betterave sucrière.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1178,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p963",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N1d8f348c245d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Que se passera-t-il, en réalité, monsieur [PERSONNE] ? Ce qui se passera, c’est que nos concitoyens continueront à manger du sucre, sauf que ce sucre ne sera plus produit par notre filière, il sera importé : ce sera du sucre polonais, belge ou allemand, qui, Mme [PERSONNE] l’a rappelé, sera produit non seulement avec des néonicotinoïdes, mais aussi avec d’autres substances aux effets très graves sur l’environnement, comme les pyréthrinoïdes, et dans des proportions qui n’ont rien à voir avec ce qui est permis par l’agro-écologie française. C’est pourquoi je dis qu’il s’agit d’une question de souveraineté et que cette question se pose de manière spécifique pour la betterave, au-delà de son caractère mellifère ou non, parce que cette culture est étroitement liée à un outil industriel, les sucreries, et que si, aujourd’hui, les agriculteurs ne plantent plus de betteraves, eh bien, en l’espace d’un an, faute de matière première, les sucreries fermeront et toute la filière s’arrêtera. On peut tenir les plus beaux discours au monde, ce sera ça, la conséquence, sur le terrain. Je n’ai rien contre nos voisins polonais, belges ou allemands, que je côtoie tous les jours en ce moment dans le cadre de la réforme de la PAC, mais je peux vous dire qu’ils regardent avec beaucoup d’attention ce qui se passe en France en se demandant si ce sera ou non demain un nouveau débouché pour leurs exportations Vous avez raison, madame [PERSONNE] : si l’on veut développer le bio-contrôle, c’est-à-dire l’activité des auxiliaires, comme les coccinelles, il faut leur donner le gîte et le couvert pour qu’ils puissent se développer en même temps que les pucerons et éradiquer ceux-ci. C’est pourquoi les haies sont une des solutions. Fort de ce constat et conformément à mes convictions favorables à l’agro-écologie, nous financerons, dans le cadre du plan de relance, à hauteur de 50 millions d’euros, la plantation de haies dans les exploitations agricoles. Pourrions-nous, au lieu d’accorder cette dérogation, mettre le système sous perfusion le temps de trouver une solution ? Cela reviendrait à accorder aux agriculteurs une aide économique en leur demandant de planter des betteraves quoi qu’il arrive. J’ai beaucoup travaillé sur cette question avec Mme [PERSONNE]. D’un point de vue politique, écologique et économique, c’eût été la solution la plus simple – mais il y a une difficulté majeure : c’est qu’aujourd’hui les règles européennes, qui, quoi qu’en pensent certains, s’imposent à nous, ne nous permettent pas d’indemniser les agriculteurs à 100 %. Les aides sont attribuées, en fonction du risque sanitaire ou écologique, à hauteur de 60 % à 65 % en moyenne. Ainsi, monsieur [PERSONNE], le régime de base du Fonds national agricole de mutualisation du risque sanitaire et environnemental (FMSE), que vous évoquiez, est le suivant : financement à 65 % par l’État, les 35 % restant étant à la charge de la profession. Du coup, j’ai regardé si l’on ne pouvait pas déclarer un régime d’aides exceptionnelles. D’abord, cela pose un problème de calendrier : il faut compter généralement un an avant d’obtenir une réponse ; entre-temps, les agriculteurs ne planteraient pas de betteraves et la filière aurait le temps de s’effondrer. Ensuite, on ne pourrait pas aller au-delà de 80 %. Mettez-vous à la place d’un agriculteur. On vous dit : « Plante : au pire des cas, tu ne perdras que 20 % ». Qu’est-ce que vous faites ? D’abord, il y a un facteur psychologique : l’ingénieur agronome que je suis peut vous assurer que le métier d’agriculteur, ce n’est pas de planter un végétal qui va mal ou d’élever un animal qui est malade ; on ne peut pas faire ça, cela vous prend aux tripes. Et de toute façon, si l’on vous annonce 20 % de perte, il est évident que vous plantez autre chose ! Aujourd’hui, en effet, contrairement à ce qu’a affirmé M. Loïc Prud’homme, il n’existe plus de monoculture betteravière : dans une exploitation betteravière, la culture de la betterave représente tout au plus 30 % de la surface ; on peut donc tout de suite passer à autre chose, ce qui n’était pas forcément le cas il y a vingt-cinq ans. Cette solution économique, nous l’avons donc étudiée en détail, mais elle se heurte à la réglementation européenne sur les aides d’État. On peut toujours faire appel au principe assurantiel, c’est comme pour les assurances à titre individuel : on se heurtera au problème de la franchise, qui fait qu’il y a toujours une part qui reste à la charge de l’assuré pour que le risque soit partagé. Un agriculteur qui a la possibilité de planter autre chose ne va pas accepter une prise de risque de 35 %, ni même de 20 % ! Je suis allé jusqu’à mettre entre 150 millions et 200 millions d’euros sur la table – c’est vous dire. Les représentants de la filière m’ont rétorqué : « Vous pourriez aller jusqu’à 1 milliard, nous ne les prendrions pas, car de toute façon, nous serons perdants. » Ce n’est pas un problème de législation nationale : c’est le règlement européen qui veut cela, et on ne peut pas s’asseoir dessus, sous peine d’une amende pouvant atteindre 1 milliard d’euros. La compensation économique ne peut donc être une solution, car il reste toujours une part à la charge de l’agriculteur – on le vérifie d’ailleurs aujourd’hui avec les mesures de soutien concernant la culture de la pomme de terre, l’arboriculture ou la viticulture. M. [PERSONNE] évoque ensuite la part de récolte – 24 % – utilisée pour produire des biocarburants, mais l’enjeu n’est pas d’assurer des débouchés à la sucrerie, c’est de convaincre les agriculteurs de planter des betteraves. Placer les sucreries sous perfusion financière est aisé, mais sans intrants, elles ne passeront pas l’hiver. Quand bien même l’État rachèterait la totalité de la production des sucreries – ce qu’il n’a pas le droit de faire – il faut convaincre les agriculteurs de planter des betteraves. Or même sous perfusion, ils porteront toujours un risque économique, donc ils se tourneront vers d’autres cultures. S’agissant du volet écologique, évoqué notamment par M. [PERSONNE], non, les parcelles en agriculture biologique ne sont pas épargnées par la jaunisse. J’en ai eu la confirmation par M. Christian Huygue ce matin. J’ai même diligenté des services de la préfecture d’Île-de-France sur des parcelles. Ce n’est pas une question de système de production : la solution agronomique d’échelle n’existe pas aujourd’hui. Dire que l’on peut toujours faire pousser une betterave revient à prétendre que le vélo est une alternative à la voiture pour aller jusqu’au sommet d’une montagne : pour atteindre 3 000 mètres d’altitude, c’est une alternative compliquée. La culture biologique est touchée comme la culture conventionnelle, ce qui prouve que la solution réside dans d’autres pratiques culturales, notamment les écosystèmes permettant de faire vivre les auxiliaires et la sélection des semences. Plusieurs d’entre vous craignent que ce projet de loi n’ouvre la boîte de Pandore. Je le répète : il n’a vocation à traiter que de la betterave sucrière."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p972",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "972",
    "973",
    "974",
    "975",
    "976",
    "977"
   ],
   "order": 972,
   "text": "Madame la députée, je tiens d’abord à vous apporter mon soutien républicain : l’intrusion, dans les élevages comme chez les parlementaires, n’est pas acceptable Vous évoquez la moutarde, mais deux spécificités distinguent cette culture de celle de la betterave. Je laisse délibérément de côté le caractère mellifère ou pas, mon propos ne portant pas sur les aspects écologiques – je ne nie absolument pas les conséquences dans ce domaine. La deuxième spécificité c’est qu’elle ne dépend pas du même outil de production que le sucre. Certes, comme j’ai pu le constater en me rendant il y a deux jours en Côte-d’Or, la situation de la filière de la moutarde est très difficile et il faut soutenir cette filière d’excellence. Mais notre souveraineté, qui impose de ne pas arrêter de produire du sucre à cause de la fermeture des sucreries, n’est pas en jeu avec la culture de la moutarde. Si les agriculteurs ne plantent pas de betteraves une année, les sucreries fermeront l’année suivante. Nous pourrons ensuite nous lamenter, nous n’en continuerons pas moins à manger du sucre, mais il ne sera plus produit en France. S’agissant des abeilles et de la pollinisation, je me suis engagé le 6 août dernier à ce que le Gouvernement présente un plan Pollinisation avant la fin de l’année. Par exemple, les espaces gérés par les établissements publics fonciers, qui restent à l’abandon pendant des années dans l’attente d’un projet futur, pourraient devenir de fabuleux lieux de pollinisation. Nous présenterons donc un plan avec Mme Barbara Pompili avant la fin de l’année ; j’aurai grand plaisir à y travailler avec vous. Monsieur Cédric Villani évoquait les sucreries, dont le rendement aurait baissé de 15 %. Attention, il y a le chiffre donné par les sucreries et le chiffre sorti de sucrerie, qui tient compte de la teneur en sucres, pas uniquement des volumes. Mais, encore une fois, les comptes d’exploitation des sucreries ne constituent pas le cœur du problème. Si les betteraves ne sont pas plantées, quoi que nous fassions, les sucreries ne tourneront pas l’année suivante et devront fermer. Il sera ensuite très difficile de relancer la filière. Dans ce débat, je vous demande de me faire confiance sur deux points. Dans tous les bilans, notamment le bilan écologique, les comparaisons doivent prendre pour référence l’existant. Cette année, les substances autorisées ont été le Movento et le Teppeki. Les agriculteurs les ont utilisées bien au-delà des doses habituelles, et tout le monde aurait fait de même en voyant son exploitation ravagée. Les taux de rémanence, voire d’infiltration, de ces substances, sont significatifs. D’autres molécules – autorisées – sont également utilisées, car les agriculteurs cherchent la solution. En second lieu, cette demande de dérogation que nous pourrons utiliser comme nos voisins européens ne résume pas notre stratégie d’accompagnement pour trouver les solutions. Dès le 6 août, j’ai annoncé que nous investissions 5 millions d’euros dans un plan de recherche, que nous mettions en place un plan de prévention avec les agriculteurs et que nous présenterions un plan de pollinisation d’ici à la fin de l’année. C’est cette vision d’ensemble que je vous propose.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "COMPTEs RENDUs de l’EXAMENEN COMMISSION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLEET DE L’AMÉNAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p817",
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   "words": 519,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p972",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfb7455026653",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la députée, je tiens d’abord à vous apporter mon soutien républicain : l’intrusion, dans les élevages comme chez les parlementaires, n’est pas acceptable Vous évoquez la moutarde, mais deux spécificités distinguent cette culture de celle de la betterave. Je laisse délibérément de côté le caractère mellifère ou pas, mon propos ne portant pas sur les aspects écologiques – je ne nie absolument pas les conséquences dans ce domaine. La deuxième spécificité c’est qu’elle ne dépend pas du même outil de production que le sucre. Certes, comme j’ai pu le constater en me rendant il y a deux jours en Côte-d’Or, la situation de la filière de la moutarde est très difficile et il faut soutenir cette filière d’excellence. Mais notre souveraineté, qui impose de ne pas arrêter de produire du sucre à cause de la fermeture des sucreries, n’est pas en jeu avec la culture de la moutarde. Si les agriculteurs ne plantent pas de betteraves une année, les sucreries fermeront l’année suivante. Nous pourrons ensuite nous lamenter, nous n’en continuerons pas moins à manger du sucre, mais il ne sera plus produit en France. S’agissant des abeilles et de la pollinisation, je me suis engagé le 6 août dernier à ce que le Gouvernement présente un plan Pollinisation avant la fin de l’année. Par exemple, les espaces gérés par les établissements publics fonciers, qui restent à l’abandon pendant des années dans l’attente d’un projet futur, pourraient devenir de fabuleux lieux de pollinisation. Nous présenterons donc un plan avec Mme [PERSONNE] avant la fin de l’année ; j’aurai grand plaisir à y travailler avec vous. Monsieur [PERSONNE] évoquait les sucreries, dont le rendement aurait baissé de 15 %. Attention, il y a le chiffre donné par les sucreries et le chiffre sorti de sucrerie, qui tient compte de la teneur en sucres, pas uniquement des volumes. Mais, encore une fois, les comptes d’exploitation des sucreries ne constituent pas le cœur du problème. Si les betteraves ne sont pas plantées, quoi que nous fassions, les sucreries ne tourneront pas l’année suivante et devront fermer. Il sera ensuite très difficile de relancer la filière. Dans ce débat, je vous demande de me faire confiance sur deux points. Dans tous les bilans, notamment le bilan écologique, les comparaisons doivent prendre pour référence l’existant. Cette année, les substances autorisées ont été le Movento et le Teppeki. Les agriculteurs les ont utilisées bien au-delà des doses habituelles, et tout le monde aurait fait de même en voyant son exploitation ravagée. Les taux de rémanence, voire d’infiltration, de ces substances, sont significatifs. D’autres molécules – autorisées – sont également utilisées, car les agriculteurs cherchent la solution. En second lieu, cette demande de dérogation que nous pourrons utiliser comme nos voisins européens ne résume pas notre stratégie d’accompagnement pour trouver les solutions. Dès le 6 août, j’ai annoncé que nous investissions 5 millions d’euros dans un plan de recherche, que nous mettions en place un plan de prévention avec les agriculteurs et que nous présenterions un plan de pollinisation d’ici à la fin de l’année. C’est cette vision d’ensemble que je vous propose."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p984",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "984",
    "985",
    "986"
   ],
   "order": 984,
   "text": "La défense de la souveraineté n’est pas un argument recevable, puisque la production de sucre en France est largement excédentaire et que nous en exportons. En revanche, en corrélation avec l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, la production de miel a été divisée par trois et nous importons 70 % de notre consommation. Si nous voulons nous préoccuper de souveraineté, envisageons la dépendance de nos cultures de tournesol, de maïs et de colza au travail gratuit des pollinisateurs À propos des indemnisations, j’espère que nous pourrons échanger avec l’ancien ministre M. Stéphane Travert qui avait réussi à obtenir une indemnisation intégrale des agriculteurs victimes de la grippe aviaire. L’indemnisation intégrale peut donc être accordée par Bruxelles dans un contexte sanitaire particulier. Je partage le constat de M. Jean-Marie Sermier sur les dérogations européennes, mais cette situation est scandaleuse. À la suite de la France, l’Europe a interdit les trois principaux néonicotinoïdes en 2018. Les États membres opposés à cette interdiction l’ont contournée en utilisant la procédure des dérogations. Un rapport de la Cour des comptes européenne du mois de juillet dénonce les 206 dérogations ainsi présentées. La Commission européenne s’en est elle-même émue en 2019. Dans cette situation, pour protéger nos producteurs d’une concurrence déloyale, la France doit obtenir la fin du contournement de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes et non pas suivre le pire exemple, celui des pays qui ont combattu leur interdiction.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 229,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p984",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N93cea421546f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La défense de la souveraineté n’est pas un argument recevable, puisque la production de sucre en France est largement excédentaire et que nous en exportons. En revanche, en corrélation avec l’usage des néonicotinoïdes, la production de miel a été divisée par trois et nous importons 70 % de notre consommation. Si nous voulons nous préoccuper de souveraineté, envisageons la dépendance de nos cultures de tournesol, de maïs et de colza au travail gratuit des pollinisateurs À propos des indemnisations, j’espère que nous pourrons échanger avec l’ancien ministre M. [PERSONNE] qui avait réussi à obtenir une indemnisation intégrale des agriculteurs victimes de la grippe aviaire. L’indemnisation intégrale peut donc être accordée par Bruxelles dans un contexte sanitaire particulier. Je partage le constat de M. [PERSONNE] sur les dérogations européennes, mais cette situation est scandaleuse. À la suite de la France, l’Europe a interdit les trois principaux néonicotinoïdes en 2018. Les États membres opposés à cette interdiction l’ont contournée en utilisant la procédure des dérogations. Un rapport de la Cour des comptes européenne du mois de juillet dénonce les 206 dérogations ainsi présentées. La Commission européenne s’en est elle-même émue en 2019. Dans cette situation, pour protéger nos producteurs d’une concurrence déloyale, la France doit obtenir la fin du contournement de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes et non pas suivre le pire exemple, celui des pays qui ont combattu leur interdiction."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p987",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "987",
    "988",
    "989"
   ],
   "order": 987,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, le plan Pollinisation que vous évoquez n’est qu’un aspect d’un problème qui dépasse le sort des abeilles : la disparition de l’ensemble des insectes. L’abeille mellifère n’est pas la plus touchée, car son organisation en ruches lui permet de s’adapter à des menaces sérieuses. La situation est bien plus grave pour les abeilles sauvages et quantité d’autres insectes Il existe un consensus scientifique selon lequel nous assistons à un effondrement de la biodiversité inédit depuis 65 millions d’années, et nous nous interrogeons sur l’intérêt de reprendre l’utilisation des poisons les plus violents inventés par l’humanité. La réponse de bon sens est d’arrêter tout de suite de les utiliser pour passer à quelque chose d’autre. M. Christian Huygue a cité un grand chimiste lors de son audition : la chimie scie la branche sur laquelle elle est assise. Plus nous utiliserons la chimie et les produits empoisonnants, plus nous construirons un désert biologique dans lequel un ravageur pourra venir ravager encore plus, et nous aboutirons à une impasse.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 170,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p987",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfdc18c589c83",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, le plan Pollinisation que vous évoquez n’est qu’un aspect d’un problème qui dépasse le sort des abeilles : la disparition de l’ensemble des insectes. L’abeille mellifère n’est pas la plus touchée, car son organisation en ruches lui permet de s’adapter à des menaces sérieuses. La situation est bien plus grave pour les abeilles sauvages et quantité d’autres insectes Il existe un consensus scientifique selon lequel nous assistons à un effondrement de la biodiversité inédit depuis 65 millions d’années, et nous nous interrogeons sur l’intérêt de reprendre l’utilisation des poisons les plus violents inventés par l’humanité. La réponse de bon sens est d’arrêter tout de suite de les utiliser pour passer à quelque chose d’autre. M. Christian Huygue a cité un grand chimiste lors de son audition : la chimie scie la branche sur laquelle elle est assise. Plus nous utiliserons la chimie et les produits empoisonnants, plus nous construirons un désert biologique dans lequel un ravageur pourra venir ravager encore plus, et nous aboutirons à une impasse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p990",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "990"
   ],
   "order": 990,
   "text": "Dans le domaine de l’enseignement agricole, la direction de la recherche et de l’enseignement est plus que perplexe : alors qu’elle travaille à ces transitions depuis cinq ou six ans, vous annoncez un retour en arrière. C’est très perturbant pour les élèves et les enseignants. Les répercussions de ce projet sont très grandes dans nombre de domaines",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p990",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0fae4779af25",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans le domaine de l’enseignement agricole, la direction de la recherche et de l’enseignement est plus que perplexe : alors qu’elle travaille à ces transitions depuis cinq ou six ans, vous annoncez un retour en arrière. C’est très perturbant pour les élèves et les enseignants. Les répercussions de ce projet sont très grandes dans nombre de domaines"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p991",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "991",
    "992",
    "993",
    "994"
   ],
   "order": 991,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, tous vos arguments relèvent du registre économique. Pour sortir de l’impasse économique dans laquelle la filière sucre est engagée depuis des années – cela ne date pas d’hier, vous le savez bien – vous apportez une réponse faussement agronomique, puisqu’elle est en réalité chimique. Or vous ne réglez aucunement le problème. Dans trois ans, le ministre de l’agriculture qui vous aura succédé – peut-être M. Guillaume Garot, M. Cédric Villani, ou moi ? – viendra expliquer que nous en sommes au même point et qu’il faut prolonger la dérogation Faute de s’attaquer à la racine du problème qui tient à l’organisation de la filière sucrière, nous allons apporter des réponses chimiques à des problèmes économiques. Je précise que j’ai parlé de monoculture, mais j’aurais dû employer les termes de culture monospécifique. C’est ce qui entraîne la fragilité de ce modèle : bien que la rotation inclue d’autres cultures, l’assolement repose sur des cultures monospécifiques. Il faut apporter des réponses sérieuses au lieu de renouveler des dérogations pour produire aussi salement que nos voisins et essayer d’être plus compétitifs dans la course au plus dégoûtant. Il faut protéger nos agriculteurs et empêcher que ces molécules soient utilisées dans le reste de l’Europe. À ces conditions, notre agriculture sucrière génèrera des revenus décents pour les planteurs de betteraves.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 219,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p991",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N71f41d4f11f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, tous vos arguments relèvent du registre économique. Pour sortir de l’impasse économique dans laquelle la filière sucre est engagée depuis des années – cela ne date pas d’hier, vous le savez bien – vous apportez une réponse faussement agronomique, puisqu’elle est en réalité chimique. Or vous ne réglez aucunement le problème. Dans trois ans, le ministre de l’agriculture qui vous aura succédé – peut-être M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE], ou moi ? – viendra expliquer que nous en sommes au même point et qu’il faut prolonger la dérogation Faute de s’attaquer à la racine du problème qui tient à l’organisation de la filière sucrière, nous allons apporter des réponses chimiques à des problèmes économiques. Je précise que j’ai parlé de monoculture, mais j’aurais dû employer les termes de culture monospécifique. C’est ce qui entraîne la fragilité de ce modèle : bien que la rotation inclue d’autres cultures, l’assolement repose sur des cultures monospécifiques. Il faut apporter des réponses sérieuses au lieu de renouveler des dérogations pour produire aussi salement que nos voisins et essayer d’être plus compétitifs dans la course au plus dégoûtant. Il faut protéger nos agriculteurs et empêcher que ces molécules soient utilisées dans le reste de l’Europe. À ces conditions, notre agriculture sucrière génèrera des revenus décents pour les planteurs de betteraves."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p995",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "995",
    "996",
    "997"
   ],
   "order": 995,
   "text": "Oui, l’indemnisation intégrale est possible. Mais le Gouvernement a fait un autre choix, celui de demander à Bruxelles une dérogation. Or d’autres solutions existaient Dans sa version actuelle, l’article unique permet des dérogations pour toutes les cultures. Nous l’avons d’ailleurs constaté lors des auditions menées : d’autres filières formulent d’ores et déjà cette demande. Nous ne proposons pas de placer les uns ou les autres sous perfusion, mais de prévoir qu’en cas de nouvelle récolte très déficitaire, en particulier au cours des trois prochaines années, des dispositifs couvrent les éventuelles pertes des agriculteurs. Rien ne nous dit qu’il y aura des pucerons l’an prochain. Il s’agit de prévoir un dispositif assurantiel.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 111,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p995",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4f5472ba863f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Oui, l’indemnisation intégrale est possible. Mais le Gouvernement a fait un autre choix, celui de demander à Bruxelles une dérogation. Or d’autres solutions existaient Dans sa version actuelle, l’article unique permet des dérogations pour toutes les cultures. Nous l’avons d’ailleurs constaté lors des auditions menées : d’autres filières formulent d’ores et déjà cette demande. Nous ne proposons pas de placer les uns ou les autres sous perfusion, mais de prévoir qu’en cas de nouvelle récolte très déficitaire, en particulier au cours des trois prochaines années, des dispositifs couvrent les éventuelles pertes des agriculteurs. Rien ne nous dit qu’il y aura des pucerons l’an prochain. Il s’agit de prévoir un dispositif assurantiel."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718744",
   "speaker": "Delphine Bagarry",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Bagarry.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p998",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "998"
   ],
   "order": 998,
   "text": "Le plus choquant, c’est la rémanence de ces substances dans les sols. Le parallèle peut être fait avec les médicaments : on calcule toujours leur durée de vie avant leur élimination, car un produit qui resterait trop longtemps dans le sang deviendrait délétère après avoir soigné la maladie. Certains de ces néonicotinoïdes perdurent vingt ans, c’est choquant. Il faut le garder en tête s’agissant de la biodiversité",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 67,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p998",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N019c9fd634b7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le plus choquant, c’est la rémanence de ces substances dans les sols. Le parallèle peut être fait avec les médicaments : on calcule toujours leur durée de vie avant leur élimination, car un produit qui resterait trop longtemps dans le sang deviendrait délétère après avoir soigné la maladie. Certains de ces néonicotinoïdes perdurent vingt ans, c’est choquant. Il faut le garder en tête s’agissant de la biodiversité"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719412",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Le Feur",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Le Feur.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p999",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "999",
    "1000",
    "1001"
   ],
   "order": 999,
   "text": "Je suis bien placée pour le savoir, lorsqu’on s’engage dans le métier d’agriculteur, on le fait en pleine connaissance des aléas climatiques et sanitaires. Bon nombre d’agriculteurs subissent chaque année des pertes qui atteignent la moitié de leur production, en agriculture biologique ou conventionnelle, sans disposer des produits permettant de pallier les baisses de rendement dues à ces aléas. Le propre de l’agriculteur est de connaître ses cultures et d’être en mesure de s’adapter à son environnement Déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ne va pas résoudre le problème des pucerons aujourd’hui, ni les problématiques sanitaires à venir. Comment autoriser des dérogations sans rien savoir du climat hivernal à venir ? À qui, quand et comment ces dérogations seront-elles accordées ? Quid de la rémanence des produits dans le sol ? Serait-il possible de cibler des néonicotinoïdes moins rémanents que d’autres, sachant que la demi-vie de certains atteint 1 000 jours ? Toutes ces questions ne sont pas réglées. Ce matin encore, avec d’autres parlementaires, nous avons rendu visite à des producteurs, certains conventionnels, d’autres en agriculture biologique. Tous disent que le rendement a été excellent certaines très bonnes années, et que c’est plus compliqué certaines autres : 2020 est plus difficile. Doit-on pour autant autoriser des dérogations pour les années à venir ? Je ne le crois pas et c’est pourquoi je propose la suppression de cet article.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 228,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p999",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N051d4f124746",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis bien placée pour le savoir, lorsqu’on s’engage dans le métier d’agriculteur, on le fait en pleine connaissance des aléas climatiques et sanitaires. Bon nombre d’agriculteurs subissent chaque année des pertes qui atteignent la moitié de leur production, en agriculture biologique ou conventionnelle, sans disposer des produits permettant de pallier les baisses de rendement dues à ces aléas. Le propre de l’agriculteur est de connaître ses cultures et d’être en mesure de s’adapter à son environnement Déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes ne va pas résoudre le problème des pucerons aujourd’hui, ni les problématiques sanitaires à venir. Comment autoriser des dérogations sans rien savoir du climat hivernal à venir ? À qui, quand et comment ces dérogations seront-elles accordées ? Quid de la rémanence des produits dans le sol ? Serait-il possible de cibler des néonicotinoïdes moins rémanents que d’autres, sachant que la demi-vie de certains atteint 1 000 jours ? Toutes ces questions ne sont pas réglées. Ce matin encore, avec d’autres parlementaires, nous avons rendu visite à des producteurs, certains conventionnels, d’autres en agriculture biologique. Tous disent que le rendement a été excellent certaines très bonnes années, et que c’est plus compliqué certaines autres : 2020 est plus difficile. Doit-on pour autant autoriser des dérogations pour les années à venir ? Je ne le crois pas et c’est pourquoi je propose la suppression de cet article."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608172",
   "speaker": "Christine Pirès Beaune",
   "quality": "Mme Christine Pires Beaune.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1002",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1002",
    "1003"
   ],
   "order": 1002,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous avez dit que le problème était de convaincre les agriculteurs de planter, et que placer la sucrerie sous perfusion n’en était pas un. Je rappelle qu’il y a à peine douze mois, de très nombreux planteurs de betteraves sucrières du Puy-de-Dôme voulaient continuer de planter, mais ils ont appris du jour au lendemain la fermeture de la sucrerie. Quatre-vingt-dix personnes ont été licenciées. Or il n’y a eu aucun plan de soutien, ni pour les agriculteurs ni pour les personnes licenciées Par ailleurs, vous avez tort d’opposer protection de l’environnement et souveraineté alimentaire. C’est parce que depuis de nombreuses années, nous avons trop délégué notre souveraineté et notre sécurité alimentaire européenne au marché et aux multinationales que nos producteurs sont en difficulté.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 126,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1002",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd81f7cc05442",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous avez dit que le problème était de convaincre les agriculteurs de planter, et que placer la sucrerie sous perfusion n’en était pas un. Je rappelle qu’il y a à peine douze mois, de très nombreux planteurs de betteraves sucrières du Puy-de-Dôme voulaient continuer de planter, mais ils ont appris du jour au lendemain la fermeture de la sucrerie. Quatre-vingt-dix personnes ont été licenciées. Or il n’y a eu aucun plan de soutien, ni pour les agriculteurs ni pour les personnes licenciées Par ailleurs, vous avez tort d’opposer protection de l’environnement et souveraineté alimentaire. C’est parce que depuis de nombreuses années, nous avons trop délégué notre souveraineté et notre sécurité alimentaire européenne au marché et aux multinationales que nos producteurs sont en difficulté."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608172",
   "speaker": "Christine Pirès Beaune",
   "quality": "Mme Christine Pires Beaune.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1005",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1005",
    "1006"
   ],
   "order": 1005,
   "text": "Il est trop facile de se cacher derrière les règles européennes. On peut à la fois indemniser les pertes, subventionner les transformations pratiques et réorganiser la filière pour mieux peser dans les négociations sur le prix du sucre En 2016, la bataille fut très difficile. Vous rouvrez aujourd’hui la boîte de Pandore : c’est une grave faute politique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1005",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N885269049dcb",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il est trop facile de se cacher derrière les règles européennes. On peut à la fois indemniser les pertes, subventionner les transformations pratiques et réorganiser la filière pour mieux peser dans les négociations sur le prix du sucre En 2016, la bataille fut très difficile. Vous rouvrez aujourd’hui la boîte de Pandore : c’est une grave faute politique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719092",
   "speaker": "Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "quality": "Mme Frédérique Tuffnell.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1009",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1009",
    "1010",
    "1011"
   ],
   "order": 1009,
   "text": "Arrêtons d’opposer écologie et souveraineté alimentaire et d’agiter le chiffon rouge de l’agro-industrie. Quels emplois pourraient être supprimés à défaut de dérogation ? On affirme que 46 000 emplois seraient menacés par la jaunisse de la betterave, dont 26 000 planteurs de betteraves Envisageons ce qui adviendrait sans dérogation. Dans les zones qui ne sont pas très touchées par la jaunisse, les planteurs vont continuer à cultiver de la betterave, il n’y a pas de risque. Les agriculteurs les plus affectés, dont la perte d’exploitation pourrait être de 30 %, devront, quant à eux, s’orienter vers des cultures différentes, plus résilientes. La question de l’emploi est plutôt posée par l’hypercompétitivité qui est néfaste aux betteraviers. Accorder cette dérogation serait un grave retour en arrière.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 124,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1009",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne966a7998e3d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Arrêtons d’opposer écologie et souveraineté alimentaire et d’agiter le chiffon rouge de l’agro-industrie. Quels emplois pourraient être supprimés à défaut de dérogation ? On affirme que 46 000 emplois seraient menacés par la jaunisse de la betterave, dont 26 000 planteurs de betteraves Envisageons ce qui adviendrait sans dérogation. Dans les zones qui ne sont pas très touchées par la jaunisse, les planteurs vont continuer à cultiver de la betterave, il n’y a pas de risque. Les agriculteurs les plus affectés, dont la perte d’exploitation pourrait être de 30 %, devront, quant à eux, s’orienter vers des cultures différentes, plus résilientes. La question de l’emploi est plutôt posée par l’hypercompétitivité qui est néfaste aux betteraviers. Accorder cette dérogation serait un grave retour en arrière."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1012",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1012",
    "1013",
    "1014"
   ],
   "order": 1012,
   "text": "Nous sommes tous d’accord, ce n’est pas écologiquement supportable. Il reste que nous avons un impératif. Les propositions formulées sont toutes intéressantes, mais elles produiront leurs effets dans le futur. Il n’est donc pas envisageable de supprimer cet article dans l’immédiat. Au moment où tous nos compatriotes nous demandent de produire localement et de réindustrialiser la France, il n’est pas envisageable de fermer les sucreries alors que nous pouvons faire autrement D’autant que la planète n’en tirerait aucun bénéfice puisque nous continuerons de consommer la même quantité de sucre et que celui-ci sera produit par nos voisins dans les conditions que vous refusez. Le bilan écologique sera même pire en raison du transport de marchandises par camion. Alors que le Gouvernement injecte de l’argent pour développer la recherche, nous ne donnerions pas l’opportunité à la filière sucrière française d’en tirer parti. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 143,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1012",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd9ab8794932f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes tous d’accord, ce n’est pas écologiquement supportable. Il reste que nous avons un impératif. Les propositions formulées sont toutes intéressantes, mais elles produiront leurs effets dans le futur. Il n’est donc pas envisageable de supprimer cet article dans l’immédiat. Au moment où tous nos compatriotes nous demandent de produire localement et de réindustrialiser la France, il n’est pas envisageable de fermer les sucreries alors que nous pouvons faire autrement D’autant que la planète n’en tirerait aucun bénéfice puisque nous continuerons de consommer la même quantité de sucre et que celui-ci sera produit par nos voisins dans les conditions que vous refusez. Le bilan écologique sera même pire en raison du transport de marchandises par camion. Alors que le Gouvernement injecte de l’argent pour développer la recherche, nous ne donnerions pas l’opportunité à la filière sucrière française d’en tirer parti. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1015",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1015",
    "1016"
   ],
   "order": 1015,
   "text": "Monsieur Cédric Villani, vous dites que nous pouvons faire quelque chose d’autre. C’est précisément parce que nous n’avons pas trouvé quelque chose d’autre – et croyez-moi, nous avons beaucoup cherché – que nous vous proposons cette alternative pour sortir de l’impasse Madame Delphine Batho, j’ai interrogé M. Stéphane Travert : il m’a confirmé que les aides à 100 % n’existaient pas.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1015",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2a3847037709",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur [PERSONNE], vous dites que nous pouvons faire quelque chose d’autre. C’est précisément parce que nous n’avons pas trouvé quelque chose d’autre – et croyez-moi, nous avons beaucoup cherché – que nous vous proposons cette alternative pour sortir de l’impasse Madame [PERSONNE], j’ai interrogé M. [PERSONNE] : il m’a confirmé que les aides à 100 % n’existaient pas."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1018",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1018",
    "1019"
   ],
   "order": 1018,
   "text": "Je le cite, avec sa permission Monsieur Matthieu Orphelin, vous évoquiez les aspects assurantiels. Il faut distinguer le montant que l’assurance peut recouvrir de la contribution au système assurantiel. Vous citez le FMSE, qui constitue le principal système assurantiel. La filière betterave ne cotisait pas au FMSE. En tout état de cause, il y aurait eu un an de décalage ; or nous avons besoin d’une solution de très court terme.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1018",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N78e83e640705",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je le cite, avec sa permission Monsieur [PERSONNE], vous évoquiez les aspects assurantiels. Il faut distinguer le montant que l’assurance peut recouvrir de la contribution au système assurantiel. Vous citez le FMSE, qui constitue le principal système assurantiel. La filière betterave ne cotisait pas au FMSE. En tout état de cause, il y aurait eu un an de décalage ; or nous avons besoin d’une solution de très court terme."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1021",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1021",
    "1022",
    "1023",
    "1024",
    "1025",
    "1026",
    "1027"
   ],
   "order": 1021,
   "text": "Nous n’avons pas découvert à cette occasion qu’elle ne cotisait pas, monsieur François-Michel Lambert Dans le FMSE, 35 % des sommes proviennent des cotisations de la profession. Je vous rappelle que mon objectif est de convaincre les agriculteurs de planter. Or si vous leur dites qu’ils devront financer 35 % des pertes potentielles, ils ne planteront pas, et vous feriez de même à leur place. Madame Christine Pires Beaune, vous dites qu’il est possible d’indemniser les pertes, d’investir dans le matériel de production et de financer la transition : ce n’est pas vrai. On peut regretter cette réglementation européenne, mais c’est un fait. Je suis en train de me battre d’arrache-pied – je suis revenu dans la nuit de Bruxelles où je négocie avec mes homologues européens – pour faire évoluer certaines règles. Par exemple, toujours pour des motifs de souveraineté, je souhaite que notre pays produise des protéines. Il est délirant que nous soyons dépendants des importations de soja brésilien pour nourrir nos élevages. Nous essayons depuis longtemps de mettre en place des plans Protéines. En l’occurrence, nous allons financer cette action dans le plan de relance pour plus de 100 millions d’euros. Le problème – c’est ma croisade, comme le titrait hier un journal – c’est que les aides européennes en vigueur pour soutenir ces filières – les aides couplées – sont dédiées aux secteurs en difficulté. Or la filière protéines n’est pas en difficulté : c’est une filière d’avenir que nous souhaitons développer. Il n’est donc pas possible d’utiliser les instruments européens. C’est infiniment regrettable, et M. Guillaume Garot le regrettait sans doute autant que moi lorsqu’il était ministre délégué à l’agroalimentaire. Aujourd’hui, parce que nous sommes en cours de renégociation de la PAC, j’ai l’opportunité de changer ces règles. Politiquement, il aurait été beaucoup plus simple de décider une immense aide financière et de placer tout le système sous perfusion. Mais, non, l’État ne peut verser une aide compensant 100 % des pertes pour investir et financer la transition. Enfin, cessez de prétendre que j’oppose écologie et économie ! J’aborde la question sous l’angle de la souveraineté. Ce qui m’importe, c’est de sauver la filière de la disparition, à court terme. Nous ne pourrons pas accompagner la transition si la filière disparaît. Il faut arriver à passer les deux années à venir en imposant une forte pression pour réaliser la transition agro-écologique. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 398,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1021",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N80df8f153455",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous n’avons pas découvert à cette occasion qu’elle ne cotisait pas, monsieur [PERSONNE] Dans le FMSE, 35 % des sommes proviennent des cotisations de la profession. Je vous rappelle que mon objectif est de convaincre les agriculteurs de planter. Or si vous leur dites qu’ils devront financer 35 % des pertes potentielles, ils ne planteront pas, et vous feriez de même à leur place. Madame Christine Pires Beaune, vous dites qu’il est possible d’indemniser les pertes, d’investir dans le matériel de production et de financer la transition : ce n’est pas vrai. On peut regretter cette réglementation européenne, mais c’est un fait. Je suis en train de me battre d’arrache-pied – je suis revenu dans la nuit de Bruxelles où je négocie avec mes homologues européens – pour faire évoluer certaines règles. Par exemple, toujours pour des motifs de souveraineté, je souhaite que notre pays produise des protéines. Il est délirant que nous soyons dépendants des importations de soja brésilien pour nourrir nos élevages. Nous essayons depuis longtemps de mettre en place des plans Protéines. En l’occurrence, nous allons financer cette action dans le plan de relance pour plus de 100 millions d’euros. Le problème – c’est ma croisade, comme le titrait hier un journal – c’est que les aides européennes en vigueur pour soutenir ces filières – les aides couplées – sont dédiées aux secteurs en difficulté. Or la filière protéines n’est pas en difficulté : c’est une filière d’avenir que nous souhaitons développer. Il n’est donc pas possible d’utiliser les instruments européens. C’est infiniment regrettable, et M. [PERSONNE] le regrettait sans doute autant que moi lorsqu’il était ministre délégué à l’agroalimentaire. Aujourd’hui, parce que nous sommes en cours de renégociation de la PAC, j’ai l’opportunité de changer ces règles. Politiquement, il aurait été beaucoup plus simple de décider une immense aide financière et de placer tout le système sous perfusion. Mais, non, l’État ne peut verser une aide compensant 100 % des pertes pour investir et financer la transition. Enfin, cessez de prétendre que j’oppose écologie et économie ! J’aborde la question sous l’angle de la souveraineté. Ce qui m’importe, c’est de sauver la filière de la disparition, à court terme. Nous ne pourrons pas accompagner la transition si la filière disparaît. Il faut arriver à passer les deux années à venir en imposant une forte pression pour réaliser la transition agro-écologique. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA942",
   "speaker": "Charles de Courson",
   "quality": "M. Charles de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1028",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1028",
    "1029",
    "1030"
   ],
   "order": 1028,
   "text": "Mes chers collègues, on ne peut pas être favorable à ces amendements de suppression. Soyons pragmatiques : il n’existe pas aujourd’hui de solution alternative aux néonicotinoïdes pour régler le problème des pucerons verts. Donnons-nous deux ans et augmentons les moyens consacrés à la recherche, notamment de l’INRAE et de l’ITB, tout en imposant une voire deux années de cultures non mellifères sur un sol qui a connu, une année, une culture de betteraves, puisqu’il y a des résidus dans le sol Si vous votez ces amendements de suppression de l’article, vous détruirez irrémédiablement la filière betteravière en France. Nous ne pourrons pas revenir en arrière. Contrairement à ce que vous croyez, le problème ce ne sont pas les exploitants agricoles, mais les salariés de l’industrie sucrière. Sachez que dans ma circonscription qui compte les plus grandes usines sucrières d’Europe, celles-ci fonctionnent cent dix à cent vingt jours par an et que la moitié des salariés sont des travailleurs saisonniers. Si vous votez ces amendements, vous détruirez une économie rurale et vous déséquilibrerez encore un peu plus la France. Enfin, je sais bien que les Français sont les plus intelligents. Mais pourquoi serions-nous le seul pays européen producteur de betteraves à ne pas demander de dérogations, alors que dix autres États en Europe l’ont fait ? Si vous votez ces amendements, la France importera le sucre de betterave des dix pays qui ont demandé la dérogation. Je le répète, soyons pragmatiques !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 241,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1028",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5b1fae7c962e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Mes chers collègues, on ne peut pas être favorable à ces amendements de suppression. Soyons pragmatiques : il n’existe pas aujourd’hui de solution alternative aux néonicotinoïdes pour régler le problème des pucerons verts. Donnons-nous deux ans et augmentons les moyens consacrés à la recherche, notamment de l’INRAE et de l’ITB, tout en imposant une voire deux années de cultures non mellifères sur un sol qui a connu, une année, une culture de betteraves, puisqu’il y a des résidus dans le sol Si vous votez ces amendements de suppression de l’article, vous détruirez irrémédiablement la filière betteravière en France. Nous ne pourrons pas revenir en arrière. Contrairement à ce que vous croyez, le problème ce ne sont pas les exploitants agricoles, mais les salariés de l’industrie sucrière. Sachez que dans ma circonscription qui compte les plus grandes usines sucrières d’Europe, celles-ci fonctionnent cent dix à cent vingt jours par an et que la moitié des salariés sont des travailleurs saisonniers. Si vous votez ces amendements, vous détruirez une économie rurale et vous déséquilibrerez encore un peu plus la France. Enfin, je sais bien que les Français sont les plus intelligents. Mais pourquoi serions-nous le seul pays européen producteur de betteraves à ne pas demander de dérogations, alors que dix autres États en Europe l’ont fait ? Si vous votez ces amendements, la France importera le sucre de betterave des dix pays qui ont demandé la dérogation. Je le répète, soyons pragmatiques !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1031",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1031",
    "1032"
   ],
   "order": 1031,
   "text": "Je constate que M. le ministre nous donne des arguments sur les autres options qui avaient été envisagées alors qu’elles ne figurent pas dans l’étude d’impact. Cela renforce notre sentiment que cette étude n’était pas conforme à ce que doit être une étude d’impact, comme nous l’avons indiqué par lettre au Président de l’Assemblée nationale M. Richard Ferrand Plutôt que d’accorder des dérogations, reprenons les échanges, y compris économiques, remettons l’ensemble des acteurs – planteurs et industrie du sucre – autour de la table et regardons les solutions en aval que vous avez écartées tout à l’heure, comme incorporer moins d’éthanol dans l’essence. Je suis sûr qu’on peut trouver un point d’accord avec l’industrie betteravière pour couvrir 90 % ou 80 % des possibles pertes des prochaines années, pertes qui, nous l’espérons tous ici, seront moindres que cette année.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 139,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1031",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N70c7092744a1",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je constate que M. le ministre nous donne des arguments sur les autres options qui avaient été envisagées alors qu’elles ne figurent pas dans l’étude d’impact. Cela renforce notre sentiment que cette étude n’était pas conforme à ce que doit être une étude d’impact, comme nous l’avons indiqué par lettre au Président de l’Assemblée nationale M. [PERSONNE] Plutôt que d’accorder des dérogations, reprenons les échanges, y compris économiques, remettons l’ensemble des acteurs – planteurs et industrie du sucre – autour de la table et regardons les solutions en aval que vous avez écartées tout à l’heure, comme incorporer moins d’éthanol dans l’essence. Je suis sûr qu’on peut trouver un point d’accord avec l’industrie betteravière pour couvrir 90 % ou 80 % des possibles pertes des prochaines années, pertes qui, nous l’espérons tous ici, seront moindres que cette année."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1033",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1033",
    "1034",
    "1035"
   ],
   "order": 1033,
   "text": "Ce qui m’a choquée en lisant les documents de la filière et ceux de l’ITB, c’est que les solutions recherchées consistent à trouver quelque chose d’aussi efficace que les néonicotinoïdes. Je le dis tout de suite : il n’y en a pas, parce que ce sont les insecticides les plus puissants jamais inventés par l’espèce humaine et qu’ils sont 7 000, 10 000 fois plus toxiques que le DDT qu’on a interdit il y a cinquante ans. C’est donc une fausse perspective. Notre propos, monsieur le ministre, n’est absolument pas de remplacer les néonicotinoïdes interdits par une autre molécule chimique, mais de procéder comme les agriculteurs en agriculture biologique qui, contrairement à ce que vous avez dit, ont été moins touchés que la filière conventionnelle. La solution réside dans un changement du modèle agronomique et non dans une autre molécule On nous dit qu’on ne mettra pas de culture mellifère sur les surfaces concernées pendant deux ans. Or comment faire avec une rémanence de substances de vingt ans, voire près de trente ans pour le thiaméthoxame ? Hier, les scientifiques du Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) de Chizé, dans les Deux-Sèvres, ont indiqué qu’on trouvait de l’imidaclopride sur des parcelles cultivées en agriculture biologique, là où il n’y a pas eu de néonicotinoïdes depuis des années et des années. Le problème de ce produit, outre sa toxicité à très faible dose, c’est, comme l’a très bien dit Mme Delphine Bagarry, sa rémanence dans l’environnement. Donc deux ans, ça ne suffira pas. On nous dit encore qu’on doit s’aligner sur les autres, sur les pays qui seraient les plus en retard en Europe ou les plus rétrogrades dans le monde. Mais ce n’est pas possible car c’est une voie sans issue. Sinon, c’est M. Donald Trump qui a raison sur le climat, c’est M. Jair Bolsonaro qui a raison sur l’Amazonie. Si c’est la Pologne qui a raison sur les néonicotinoïdes, pourquoi avoir voté une loi française, pourquoi s’être battus en 2018 pour interdire des substances au niveau européen, et pourquoi se battre aujourd’hui pour un nouveau protocole d’homologation des produits chimiques tenant compte des risques chroniques sur les pollinisateurs ? À ce moment-là, il faut baisser les bras, il faut faire comme les autres. Je crois, moi, qu’il faut être cohérent : quand on interdit quelque chose en France, on doit mener le combat pour que la même interdiction s’applique dans l’ensemble de l’Europe. Et c’est ce qu’on fait : on mène le combat contre le Mercosur et contre le CETA qui créent aussi des concurrences déloyales pour la filière économique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 433,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1033",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Naccbc61b8f3b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce qui m’a choquée en lisant les documents de la filière et ceux de l’ITB, c’est que les solutions recherchées consistent à trouver quelque chose d’aussi efficace que les néonicotinoïdes. Je le dis tout de suite : il n’y en a pas, parce que ce sont les insecticides les plus puissants jamais inventés par l’espèce humaine et qu’ils sont 7 000, 10 000 fois plus toxiques que le DDT qu’on a interdit il y a cinquante ans. C’est donc une fausse perspective. Notre propos, monsieur le ministre, n’est absolument pas de remplacer les néonicotinoïdes interdits par une autre molécule chimique, mais de procéder comme les agriculteurs en agriculture biologique qui, contrairement à ce que vous avez dit, ont été moins touchés que la filière conventionnelle. La solution réside dans un changement du modèle agronomique et non dans une autre molécule On nous dit qu’on ne mettra pas de culture mellifère sur les surfaces concernées pendant deux ans. Or comment faire avec une rémanence de substances de vingt ans, voire près de trente ans pour le thiaméthoxame ? Hier, les scientifiques du Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) de Chizé, dans les Deux-Sèvres, ont indiqué qu’on trouvait de l’imidaclopride sur des parcelles cultivées en agriculture biologique, là où il n’y a pas eu de néonicotinoïdes depuis des années et des années. Le problème de ce produit, outre sa toxicité à très faible dose, c’est, comme l’a très bien dit Mme [PERSONNE], sa rémanence dans l’environnement. Donc deux ans, ça ne suffira pas. On nous dit encore qu’on doit s’aligner sur les autres, sur les pays qui seraient les plus en retard en Europe ou les plus rétrogrades dans le monde. Mais ce n’est pas possible car c’est une voie sans issue. Sinon, c’est M. Donald Trump qui a raison sur le climat, c’est M. Jair Bolsonaro qui a raison sur l’Amazonie. Si c’est la Pologne qui a raison sur les néonicotinoïdes, pourquoi avoir voté une loi française, pourquoi s’être battus en 2018 pour interdire des substances au niveau européen, et pourquoi se battre aujourd’hui pour un nouveau protocole d’homologation des produits chimiques tenant compte des risques chroniques sur les pollinisateurs ? À ce moment-là, il faut baisser les bras, il faut faire comme les autres. Je crois, moi, qu’il faut être cohérent : quand on interdit quelque chose en France, on doit mener le combat pour que la même interdiction s’applique dans l’ensemble de l’Europe. Et c’est ce qu’on fait : on mène le combat contre le Mercosur et contre le CETA qui créent aussi des concurrences déloyales pour la filière économique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1036",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1036",
    "1037",
    "1038"
   ],
   "order": 1036,
   "text": "La filière économique ne peut pas être sans cesse une course à l’échalote et au dumping environnemental Mme la rapporteure pour avis et M. le ministre nous parlent de souveraineté alimentaire. Or la moitié de la production est une ligne d’exportation de notre balance commerciale. Arrêtez de nous dire qu’on va manquer de sucre demain ! Non, on ne va pas sucrer nos fraises avec du sable demain. Mais peut-être faut-il se poser la question de l’utilité de certaines filières et de la façon dont on doit les aider à se réorienter, à se redimensionner. Le sucre ne sert pas qu’à sucrer nos yaourts. Il alimente aussi une industrie agroalimentaire qui l’incorpore dans des aliments ultratransformés, dans vos carottes râpées déjà râpées, dans vos lasagnes pour qu’elles aient plus de goût, etc…Interrogeons-nous donc sur l’alimentation qu’on veut produire dans notre pays. Cessez de nous jeter ce mot de souveraineté à la face pour nous faire accepter l’inacceptable et le dumping environnemental.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 161,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1036",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N47ed63ba81fe",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La filière économique ne peut pas être sans cesse une course à l’échalote et au dumping environnemental Mme la rapporteure pour avis et M. le ministre nous parlent de souveraineté alimentaire. Or la moitié de la production est une ligne d’exportation de notre balance commerciale. Arrêtez de nous dire qu’on va manquer de sucre demain ! Non, on ne va pas sucrer nos fraises avec du sable demain. Mais peut-être faut-il se poser la question de l’utilité de certaines filières et de la façon dont on doit les aider à se réorienter, à se redimensionner. Le sucre ne sert pas qu’à sucrer nos yaourts. Il alimente aussi une industrie agroalimentaire qui l’incorpore dans des aliments ultratransformés, dans vos carottes râpées déjà râpées, dans vos lasagnes pour qu’elles aient plus de goût, etc…Interrogeons-nous donc sur l’alimentation qu’on veut produire dans notre pays. Cessez de nous jeter ce mot de souveraineté à la face pour nous faire accepter l’inacceptable et le dumping environnemental."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722260",
   "speaker": "Cédric Villani",
   "quality": "M. Cédric Villani.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1039",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1039",
    "1040",
    "1041",
    "1042"
   ],
   "order": 1039,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous nous dites que vous êtes d’accord pour construire autre chose, et que sur le long terme il faut viser des pratiques d’agro‑écologie, des rotations, des haies, des parcelles plus petites, la diversité des paysages, des solutions biologiques et non chimiques, etc. Si on est d’accord avec ces solutions, de même qu’avec ce qui est proposé dans le rapport de l’INRAE qui vous a été remis, on ne l’est plus quand vous nous dites que vous allez à la fois réautoriser l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et travailler sur cette transition. C’est une injonction contradictoire au plan politique. Comment pouvez-vous avoir la confiance de la société et du monde agricole en vous lançant résolument dans ce nouveau modèle ? Vous dites aussi qu’il faut établir une comparaison avec le référentiel existant. Mais on n’est plus en 2016, avant le vote de la loi. Ce que vous proposez aujourd’hui est une régression, pas un statu quo. En quoi cette mesure n’irait-elle pas à l’encontre du principe de non-régression environnementale tel qu’il est fixé à l’article L. 110-1 du code de l’environnement ? Il faut s’engager dès maintenant dans l’agro-écologie telle qu’elle est définie dans l’excellente section du rapport de l’INRAE, et non après avoir réautorisé ce qui est l’emblème absolu de l’opposé du modèle d’agro-écologie. Mmes Yolaine de Courson et Frédérique Tuffnell. Très bien !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 225,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1039",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na5f8c9811061",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, vous nous dites que vous êtes d’accord pour construire autre chose, et que sur le long terme il faut viser des pratiques d’agro‑écologie, des rotations, des haies, des parcelles plus petites, la diversité des paysages, des solutions biologiques et non chimiques, etc. Si on est d’accord avec ces solutions, de même qu’avec ce qui est proposé dans le rapport de l’INRAE qui vous a été remis, on ne l’est plus quand vous nous dites que vous allez à la fois réautoriser l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes et travailler sur cette transition. C’est une injonction contradictoire au plan politique. Comment pouvez-vous avoir la confiance de la société et du monde agricole en vous lançant résolument dans ce nouveau modèle ? Vous dites aussi qu’il faut établir une comparaison avec le référentiel existant. Mais on n’est plus en 2016, avant le vote de la loi. Ce que vous proposez aujourd’hui est une régression, pas un statu quo. En quoi cette mesure n’irait-elle pas à l’encontre du principe de non-régression environnementale tel qu’il est fixé à l’article L. 110-1 du code de l’environnement ? Il faut s’engager dès maintenant dans l’agro-écologie telle qu’elle est définie dans l’excellente section du rapport de l’INRAE, et non après avoir réautorisé ce qui est l’emblème absolu de l’opposé du modèle d’agro-écologie. Mmes [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE]. Très bien !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605518",
   "speaker": "François-Michel Lambert",
   "quality": "M. François-Michel Lambert.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO759900",
   "group": "LT",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1043",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1043",
    "1044"
   ],
   "order": 1043,
   "text": "Ce n’est pas le sucre que nous devons sauver, mais les abeilles et la biodiversité. La souveraineté, c’est un rapport au territoire, à la terre dont nous avons la responsabilité politique. Chaque fois qu’on injecte des produits à la persistance longue, nous appauvrissons notre souveraineté. Si les Polonais veulent continuer à appauvrir leurs terres agricoles, c’est leur problème. Nos concitoyens nous demandent de garantir la souveraineté qui est le fondement de la Ve République, le général de Gaulle l’ayant fait reposer sur la reconquête de la souveraineté dans différents domaines. Voilà pourquoi nous vous demandons de comprendre que ce n’est pas le sucre que nous voulons sauver, mais les abeilles, la biodiversité et la souveraineté de nos terres Monsieur le ministre, j’entends ce que vous dites sur les risques pour la filière betteravière, mais vous savez bien mieux que moi que la production de blé tendre a chuté de 25 % en un an, de 16 % par rapport à la moyenne du quinquennat – comme quoi, on peut perdre 16 % sur un quinquennat. Les régions de l’Ouest sont très touchées, la baisse atteignant 43 % dans l’ex-région Poitou-Charentes de Mme Delphine Batho, et 35 % dans le territoire de M. Guillaume Garot. Que fait-on pour aider les agriculteurs qui produisent du blé tendre ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 216,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1043",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd2537c0342a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce n’est pas le sucre que nous devons sauver, mais les abeilles et la biodiversité. La souveraineté, c’est un rapport au territoire, à la terre dont nous avons la responsabilité politique. Chaque fois qu’on injecte des produits à la persistance longue, nous appauvrissons notre souveraineté. Si les Polonais veulent continuer à appauvrir leurs terres agricoles, c’est leur problème. Nos concitoyens nous demandent de garantir la souveraineté qui est le fondement de la Ve République, le général de Gaulle l’ayant fait reposer sur la reconquête de la souveraineté dans différents domaines. Voilà pourquoi nous vous demandons de comprendre que ce n’est pas le sucre que nous voulons sauver, mais les abeilles, la biodiversité et la souveraineté de nos terres Monsieur le ministre, j’entends ce que vous dites sur les risques pour la filière betteravière, mais vous savez bien mieux que moi que la production de blé tendre a chuté de 25 % en un an, de 16 % par rapport à la moyenne du quinquennat – comme quoi, on peut perdre 16 % sur un quinquennat. Les régions de l’Ouest sont très touchées, la baisse atteignant 43 % dans l’ex-région Poitou-Charentes de Mme [PERSONNE], et 35 % dans le territoire de M. [PERSONNE]. Que fait-on pour aider les agriculteurs qui produisent du blé tendre ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1045",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1045",
    "1046",
    "1047",
    "1048",
    "1049",
    "1050"
   ],
   "order": 1045,
   "text": "Monsieur Matthieu Orphelin, nous nous connaissons depuis longtemps et nous nous respectons mutuellement. Je reprendrai avec grand plaisir tous les documents sur lesquels nous avons travaillé depuis le début du mois de juillet pour expliquer en détail ce qui nous a conduits à présenter ce projet de loi Madame Delphine Batho, l’objectif n’est pas de proposer une autre molécule. Celles qui ont fait l’objet d’une autorisation de mise sur le marché par l’ANSES, comme le Movento ou le Teppeki, répondent à des règles d’utilisation et, de par leur infiltration, y compris lorsqu’elles sont utilisées en amont des nappes phréatiques, ont un impact sur l’environnement. Il faut toujours comparer les référentiels. Les changements doivent passer par l’agro-écologie, et d’abord par la nature de la semence. Il faut trouver une semence de betterave n’ayant pas la même réaction dans son effet métabolique au virus inoculé par le puceron. On est en train de procéder au phénotype de toutes les semences. Aujourd’hui, on a seulement une piste sur un type de semence qui pourrait éviter un à deux des quatre types de pucerons véhiculant la maladie. C’est ce que l’INRAE m’a dit ce matin en me remettant son rapport. Les changements passent aussi par le bio-contrôle, c’est-à-dire par des auxiliaires, coccinelles ou autres types d’insectes. Je suis convaincu qu’il faut davantage de haies, une diminution de la taille des parcelles, etc. On peut le décider, mais chacun a bien conscience que cela ne se fera pas en un été. Je mets au défi quiconque de planter une haie une année et de faire en sorte qu’on y trouve des coccinelles le printemps suivant. Si quelqu’un a trouvé la solution, j’achète et je l’invite à déjeuner ! Par ailleurs, comme vous le savez madame Delphine Batho, la rémanence dépend des molécules mais aussi beaucoup du type de sol, du PH, de son argile ou pas, des microbiotes qui le constituent. La rémanence – et je parle sous le contrôle du chimiste M. Jean-Luc Fugit – peut aller de quelques dizaines de jours jusqu’à 1 400 jours. Enfin, vous nous accusez de vouloir nous aligner sur les autres. Mais en 2016 lorsque la loi a été votée, on savait déjà que les autres États européens avaient la possibilité d’utiliser les dérogations.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 376,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1045",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb99d1fbbf062",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur [PERSONNE], nous nous connaissons depuis longtemps et nous nous respectons mutuellement. Je reprendrai avec grand plaisir tous les documents sur lesquels nous avons travaillé depuis le début du mois de juillet pour expliquer en détail ce qui nous a conduits à présenter ce projet de loi Madame [PERSONNE], l’objectif n’est pas de proposer une autre molécule. Celles qui ont fait l’objet d’une autorisation de mise sur le marché par l’ANSES, comme le Movento ou le Teppeki, répondent à des règles d’utilisation et, de par leur infiltration, y compris lorsqu’elles sont utilisées en amont des nappes phréatiques, ont un impact sur l’environnement. Il faut toujours comparer les référentiels. Les changements doivent passer par l’agro-écologie, et d’abord par la nature de la semence. Il faut trouver une semence de betterave n’ayant pas la même réaction dans son effet métabolique au virus inoculé par le puceron. On est en train de procéder au phénotype de toutes les semences. Aujourd’hui, on a seulement une piste sur un type de semence qui pourrait éviter un à deux des quatre types de pucerons véhiculant la maladie. C’est ce que l’INRAE m’a dit ce matin en me remettant son rapport. Les changements passent aussi par le bio-contrôle, c’est-à-dire par des auxiliaires, coccinelles ou autres types d’insectes. Je suis convaincu qu’il faut davantage de haies, une diminution de la taille des parcelles, etc. On peut le décider, mais chacun a bien conscience que cela ne se fera pas en un été. Je mets au défi quiconque de planter une haie une année et de faire en sorte qu’on y trouve des coccinelles le printemps suivant. Si quelqu’un a trouvé la solution, j’achète et je l’invite à déjeuner ! Par ailleurs, comme vous le savez madame [PERSONNE], la rémanence dépend des molécules mais aussi beaucoup du type de sol, du PH, de son argile ou pas, des microbiotes qui le constituent. La rémanence – et je parle sous le contrôle du chimiste M. [PERSONNE] – peut aller de quelques dizaines de jours jusqu’à 1 400 jours. Enfin, vous nous accusez de vouloir nous aligner sur les autres. Mais en 2016 lorsque la loi a été votée, on savait déjà que les autres États européens avaient la possibilité d’utiliser les dérogations."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1052",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1052",
    "1053",
    "1054",
    "1055"
   ],
   "order": 1052,
   "text": "Vous connaissez par cœur ces négociations internationales, et vous savez très bien que la France ne peut aller dire à ses voisins, notamment aux Polonais, aux Belges ou aux Allemands, de tout arrêter. C’était déjà le cas sous le quinquennat précédent Je vous rejoins sur le Mercosur, et j’ai encore dit avant-hier qu’en l’état actuel, nous étions contre cet accord. Monsieur Loïc Prud’homme, notre vision de l’économie est très différente de la vôtre. Je connais votre attachement à l’industrie et je sais que votre territoire a été marqué par des désastres industriels, notamment dans l’automobile. Vous dites qu’il faut arrêter les exportations de sucre. Imaginez qu’on transpose votre raisonnement aux entreprises automobiles de France. Je vous entends déjà crier au scandale sur le parking de ces usines. C’est une illusion de dire que la souveraineté consiste à produire franco-français. La souveraineté, c’est au contraire être fort, y compris à l’export. Je vous laisse aller exposer votre vision de l’économie à tous les employés des usines Renault et PSA qui sont sur nos territoires. En revanche, s’agissant de l’alimentation, vous avez mille fois raison. Ce qu’il manque dans le titre de mon ministère, c’est le mot « nutrition ». Cela fait des années qu’on prend le sujet à l’envers : il faut commencer par la nutrition. Je suis d’accord avec vous quand vous dites qu’on mange trop de sucre, mais qui peut croire aujourd’hui que les Français auront cessé de manger du sucre dans deux ans ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 246,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1052",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3a63f68d2c16",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous connaissez par cœur ces négociations internationales, et vous savez très bien que la France ne peut aller dire à ses voisins, notamment aux Polonais, aux Belges ou aux Allemands, de tout arrêter. C’était déjà le cas sous le quinquennat précédent Je vous rejoins sur le Mercosur, et j’ai encore dit avant-hier qu’en l’état actuel, nous étions contre cet accord. Monsieur Loïc Prud’homme, notre vision de l’économie est très différente de la vôtre. Je connais votre attachement à l’industrie et je sais que votre territoire a été marqué par des désastres industriels, notamment dans l’automobile. Vous dites qu’il faut arrêter les exportations de sucre. Imaginez qu’on transpose votre raisonnement aux entreprises automobiles de France. Je vous entends déjà crier au scandale sur le parking de ces usines. C’est une illusion de dire que la souveraineté consiste à produire franco-français. La souveraineté, c’est au contraire être fort, y compris à l’export. Je vous laisse aller exposer votre vision de l’économie à tous les employés des usines Renault et PSA qui sont sur nos territoires. En revanche, s’agissant de l’alimentation, vous avez mille fois raison. Ce qu’il manque dans le titre de mon ministère, c’est le mot « nutrition ». Cela fait des années qu’on prend le sujet à l’envers : il faut commencer par la nutrition. Je suis d’accord avec vous quand vous dites qu’on mange trop de sucre, mais qui peut croire aujourd’hui que les Français auront cessé de manger du sucre dans deux ans ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1057",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1057",
    "1058",
    "1059",
    "1060",
    "1061"
   ],
   "order": 1057,
   "text": "On mangera donc du sucre importé Hippocrate a dit que le premier des médicaments, c’était l’alimentation. Il ne faut jamais oublier que le ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation est un ministère de santé publique. Moi, je ne l’oublierai jamais. Je voudrais dire à M. Cédric Villani que ce n’est pas une injonction contradictoire : c’est une question de temporalité. Nous sommes confrontés à une temporalité de court terme, qui est de passer la difficulté du moment, et à une temporalité de long terme, qui est d’accompagner la transition agro-écologique. C’est précisément pourquoi nous présentons à la fois ce projet de loi et que nous mettons la « pression dans le tube » avec le plan de recherche et le plan de prévention, y compris en prévoyant des financements supplémentaires. Monsieur François-Michel Lambert, je n’entrerai pas dans un débat sur l’étymologie du mot « souveraineté ». Je sais en tout cas qu’il n’y a pas de peuple fort sans une agriculture forte. C’était vrai il y a 3 000 ans, et je suis persuadé qu’il en sera encore ainsi dans 3 000 ans. La crise sanitaire que nous traversons montre toute la puissance de notre système agroalimentaire qui a été en mesure de résister, ce qui n’a pas été le cas partout ailleurs. Une agriculture forte, c’est à la fois une production locale et de l’exportation. Sur le blé tendre, les deux critères que j’ai évoqués pour la betterave – culture méllifère, destruction d’une filière – ne sont pas réunis pour cette culture. Le principal défi de l’agriculture pour notre pays demain, c’est l’eau. Personne n’a encore trouvé la façon de faire pousser des plantes sans eau. La question des conflits d’usage de l’eau est vieille comme le monde et ne peut se régler que dans la concertation, mais celle-ci ne doit pas durer huit ou dix ans au risque que cela se passe mal. Il faut donc à la fois toujours plus de concertation et de la simplification afin que la concertation aboutisse. Derrière la question des zones intermédiaires qui est majeure, se pose celle de l’eau.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 348,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1057",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N29a01310a68a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "On mangera donc du sucre importé Hippocrate a dit que le premier des médicaments, c’était l’alimentation. Il ne faut jamais oublier que le ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation est un ministère de santé publique. Moi, je ne l’oublierai jamais. Je voudrais dire à M. [PERSONNE] que ce n’est pas une injonction contradictoire : c’est une question de temporalité. Nous sommes confrontés à une temporalité de court terme, qui est de passer la difficulté du moment, et à une temporalité de long terme, qui est d’accompagner la transition agro-écologique. C’est précisément pourquoi nous présentons à la fois ce projet de loi et que nous mettons la « pression dans le tube » avec le plan de recherche et le plan de prévention, y compris en prévoyant des financements supplémentaires. Monsieur [PERSONNE], je n’entrerai pas dans un débat sur l’étymologie du mot « souveraineté ». Je sais en tout cas qu’il n’y a pas de peuple fort sans une agriculture forte. C’était vrai il y a 3 000 ans, et je suis persuadé qu’il en sera encore ainsi dans 3 000 ans. La crise sanitaire que nous traversons montre toute la puissance de notre système agroalimentaire qui a été en mesure de résister, ce qui n’a pas été le cas partout ailleurs. Une agriculture forte, c’est à la fois une production locale et de l’exportation. Sur le blé tendre, les deux critères que j’ai évoqués pour la betterave – culture méllifère, destruction d’une filière – ne sont pas réunis pour cette culture. Le principal défi de l’agriculture pour notre pays demain, c’est l’eau. Personne n’a encore trouvé la façon de faire pousser des plantes sans eau. La question des conflits d’usage de l’eau est vieille comme le monde et ne peut se régler que dans la concertation, mais celle-ci ne doit pas durer huit ou dix ans au risque que cela se passe mal. Il faut donc à la fois toujours plus de concertation et de la simplification afin que la concertation aboutisse. Derrière la question des zones intermédiaires qui est majeure, se pose celle de l’eau."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1065",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1065",
    "1066"
   ],
   "order": 1065,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, le projet de loi est loin de se limiter à un dispositif de dérogation. En fait, les néonicotinoïdes pour lesquels vous demandez une dérogation sont interdits en Europe depuis 2018 seulement. Par définition, aucun pays n’a donc demandé de dérogation, au titre de l’article 53 du règlement européen, sur l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame ou la clothianidine avant 2018 pour la betterave Le projet de loi réécrit les dispositions sur l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes que nous avions votées en 2016 puis en 2018 dans la loi dite « ÉGALIM ». Il détricote le principe fondamental que nous avions voulu inscrire en 2016 selon lequel tous les néonicotinoïdes sont interdits par la loi. La réécriture subtile, j’allais dire perverse, proposée dans le texte renvoie la liste des substances qui seront interdites à un décret. L’avis du Conseil d’État est à cet égard très éclairant puisqu’il dit ceci : « Il appartiendra ainsi au pouvoir réglementaire de dire quelles substances relevant de la famille des néonicotinoïdes peuvent faire l’objet d’une interdiction nationale. » C’est donc une remise en cause frontale de la loi de 2016 comparable à l’avant-projet de loi de 2017, bloqué par M. Nicolas Hulot, qui visait à remettre en cause l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. C’est pourquoi nous proposons de supprimer les alinéas 1, 2 et 4 qui remettent en cause la loi de 2016.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 224,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1065",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na2f1b8aefcc0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, le projet de loi est loin de se limiter à un dispositif de dérogation. En fait, les néonicotinoïdes pour lesquels vous demandez une dérogation sont interdits en Europe depuis 2018 seulement. Par définition, aucun pays n’a donc demandé de dérogation, au titre de l’article 53 du règlement européen, sur l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame ou la clothianidine avant 2018 pour la betterave Le projet de loi réécrit les dispositions sur l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes que nous avions votées en 2016 puis en 2018 dans la loi dite « ÉGALIM ». Il détricote le principe fondamental que nous avions voulu inscrire en 2016 selon lequel tous les néonicotinoïdes sont interdits par la loi. La réécriture subtile, j’allais dire perverse, proposée dans le texte renvoie la liste des substances qui seront interdites à un décret. L’avis du Conseil d’État est à cet égard très éclairant puisqu’il dit ceci : « Il appartiendra ainsi au pouvoir réglementaire de dire quelles substances relevant de la famille des néonicotinoïdes peuvent faire l’objet d’une interdiction nationale. » C’est donc une remise en cause frontale de la loi de 2016 comparable à l’avant-projet de loi de 2017, bloqué par M. [PERSONNE], qui visait à remettre en cause l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. C’est pourquoi nous proposons de supprimer les alinéas 1, 2 et 4 qui remettent en cause la loi de 2016."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1067",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1067",
    "1068"
   ],
   "order": 1067,
   "text": "Le vote qui vient d’avoir lieu me désole et me déprime. Élue d’une circonscription très agricole, je déplore la logique minière que nous avons par rapport au sol : on extrait, on exploite et on épuise, puis on utilise de plus en plus de produits pour pallier cet épuisement. Ainsi, le colza a fait l’objet de dix passages cette année. Jusqu’où va-t-on aller ? C’est de la folie ! Il faudrait au contraire modifier ces pratiques et suivre une logique visant à restaurer, ce qui créerait des milliers d’emplois En outre, ce texte restreint le pouvoir législatif et renforce le pouvoir réglementaire. En le votant, mes chers collègues, vous acceptez une diminution de votre pouvoir législatif. Vos électeurs risquent un jour de vous reprocher d’avoir accepté qu’un gouvernement puisse, par voie réglementaire, autoriser l’utilisation de substances très toxiques. C’est pourquoi je propose de supprimer les alinéas 1, 2 et 4.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 150,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1067",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6dcba98104ba",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le vote qui vient d’avoir lieu me désole et me déprime. Élue d’une circonscription très agricole, je déplore la logique minière que nous avons par rapport au sol : on extrait, on exploite et on épuise, puis on utilise de plus en plus de produits pour pallier cet épuisement. Ainsi, le colza a fait l’objet de dix passages cette année. Jusqu’où va-t-on aller ? C’est de la folie ! Il faudrait au contraire modifier ces pratiques et suivre une logique visant à restaurer, ce qui créerait des milliers d’emplois En outre, ce texte restreint le pouvoir législatif et renforce le pouvoir réglementaire. En le votant, mes chers collègues, vous acceptez une diminution de votre pouvoir législatif. Vos électeurs risquent un jour de vous reprocher d’avoir accepté qu’un gouvernement puisse, par voie réglementaire, autoriser l’utilisation de substances très toxiques. C’est pourquoi je propose de supprimer les alinéas 1, 2 et 4."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1069",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1069"
   ],
   "order": 1069,
   "text": "Effectivement, il est regrettable de s’en remettre à un décret pour définir les substances concernées par cette interdiction. Je rappelle à tous mes collègues que nous étions parvenus à inscrire dans la loi dite « ÉGALIM ». l’interdiction des pesticides néonicotinoïdes de quatrième génération, comme le sulfoxaflor. Rappelez-vous les pressions, les courriels envoyés à l’époque par Dow Chemical pour essayer de contrer les amendements de Mme Delphine Batho et les miens ! Nous avions trouvé une position commune selon laquelle c’était à la loi de définir les substances concernées par des interdictions, et donc par des dérogations. C’est le sens de cet amendement",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 103,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1069",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7beb787b6d8c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Effectivement, il est regrettable de s’en remettre à un décret pour définir les substances concernées par cette interdiction. Je rappelle à tous mes collègues que nous étions parvenus à inscrire dans la loi dite « ÉGALIM ». l’interdiction des pesticides néonicotinoïdes de quatrième génération, comme le sulfoxaflor. Rappelez-vous les pressions, les courriels envoyés à l’époque par Dow Chemical pour essayer de contrer les amendements de Mme [PERSONNE] et les miens ! Nous avions trouvé une position commune selon laquelle c’était à la loi de définir les substances concernées par des interdictions, et donc par des dérogations. C’est le sens de cet amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718744",
   "speaker": "Delphine Bagarry",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Bagarry.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1070",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1070"
   ],
   "order": 1070,
   "text": "Le projet de loi prévoit d’autoriser des substances aujourd’hui interdites, des drogues dont on connaît les conséquences puisqu’elles vont bien au-delà des effets attendus, que ce soit dans l’espace ou dans le temps. Ce recul en matière d’environnement est très choquant. Je ne comprends pas qu’on puisse laisser faire de telles choses",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1070",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf2e666a4b43b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le projet de loi prévoit d’autoriser des substances aujourd’hui interdites, des drogues dont on connaît les conséquences puisqu’elles vont bien au-delà des effets attendus, que ce soit dans l’espace ou dans le temps. Ce recul en matière d’environnement est très choquant. Je ne comprends pas qu’on puisse laisser faire de telles choses"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719092",
   "speaker": "Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "quality": "Mme Frédérique Tuffnell.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1071",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1071"
   ],
   "order": 1071,
   "text": "Vous nous proposez, par voie réglementaire, de déterminer deux voies. La première, c’est la promotion de l’essor de la chimie, et la seconde, c’est l’intoxication des sols par des molécules tueuses de biodiversité. J’aurais tellement préféré qu’on nous soumette un projet de loi portant sur un accompagnement de la filière vers la transition, qu’on parle de paiements pour services environnementaux, d’indemnités d’exploitations agricoles. Mais il n’y a rien de tout cela dans ce texte. C’est pourquoi je demande la suppression des alinéas 1, 2 et 4",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1071",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe826978865d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous nous proposez, par voie réglementaire, de déterminer deux voies. La première, c’est la promotion de l’essor de la chimie, et la seconde, c’est l’intoxication des sols par des molécules tueuses de biodiversité. J’aurais tellement préféré qu’on nous soumette un projet de loi portant sur un accompagnement de la filière vers la transition, qu’on parle de paiements pour services environnementaux, d’indemnités d’exploitations agricoles. Mais il n’y a rien de tout cela dans ce texte. C’est pourquoi je demande la suppression des alinéas 1, 2 et 4"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1072",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1072",
    "1073",
    "1074"
   ],
   "order": 1072,
   "text": "Avec ces amendements, la dérogation à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes ne serait plus codifiée dans le code rural. Pour une meilleure clarté de la loi, il est préférable que la dérogation y soit inscrite au même article que l’interdiction actuelle Par ailleurs l’alinéa 2 réaffirme le principe de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Cette rédaction permet d’ailleurs de lever une difficulté juridique liée à la conformité du droit français au droit européen. Le Conseil d’État l’explique dans son avis sur le projet de loi. Il indique en effet que cette rédaction pourrait permettre de consolider le dispositif national. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1072",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne364f4466804",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avec ces amendements, la dérogation à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes ne serait plus codifiée dans le code rural. Pour une meilleure clarté de la loi, il est préférable que la dérogation y soit inscrite au même article que l’interdiction actuelle Par ailleurs l’alinéa 2 réaffirme le principe de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Cette rédaction permet d’ailleurs de lever une difficulté juridique liée à la conformité du droit français au droit européen. Le Conseil d’État l’explique dans son avis sur le projet de loi. Il indique en effet que cette rédaction pourrait permettre de consolider le dispositif national. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1075",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1075",
    "1076",
    "1077",
    "1078",
    "1079",
    "1080",
    "1081"
   ],
   "order": 1075,
   "text": "Défavorable à ces amendements contre-productifs Je dois dire que c’est un sujet très compliqué puisqu’il s’agit d’une coordination légistique entre le droit européen et le droit national. Les propos très clairs de Mme Delphine Batho, relayés par M. Matthieu Orphelin, mettent en avant la loi de 2016 qui interdisait tous les néonicotinoïdes. Ce texte prévoit, en revanche, de fixer par décret la liste des néonicotinoïdes qui seraient interdits, c’est-à-dire qu’on passe d’une interdiction par défaut à une liste sur laquelle seront inscrits les néonicotinoïdes interdits. Ce n’est pas une entourloupe. Cela répond, non pas à une volonté de notre part de modifier les textes, mais à une demande du Conseil d’État et de l’avocat général de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne dans ses conclusions prévisionnelles, car, à défaut, l’architecture définie par la loi de 2016 ne tiendrait plus. Si le Conseil d’État et la juridiction de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne se sont prononcés en ce sens, c’est que la loi n’a pas été notifiée à Bruxelles en 2016. Un décret s’en est suivi qui, lui, a été notifié, et la Commission a répondu que nous aurions dû nous appuyer sur l’article 71 du règlement sur les clauses de sauvegarde qui précise que les États sont amenés à prendre des décisions à titre national dès lors que celles-ci n’ont pas été prises à titre européen. Or, comme vous l’avez dit, madame Delphine Batho, l’Europe a interdit un certain nombre de néonicotinoïdes. Dit autrement, le Conseil d’État nous demande, en attendant la réponse de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne qui devrait intervenir dans les tout prochains jours, d’indiquer précisément par décret la liste des substances interdites. Sinon, le décret issu de la loi 2016 pourrait tomber, et la loi 2016 serait caduque. Enfin, je vous précise que le décret issu de la loi de 2016 a été attaqué par l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes (UIPP). C’est elle qui a indiqué à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne qu’il y avait une faille juridique dans le système. Avec ce projet de loi, nous confortons la loi de 2016 tandis que la disposition que vous proposez la rendrait inopérante. Bien évidemment, je tiens à votre disposition l’ensemble de ces éléments et j’émets un avis défavorable sur ces amendements.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 385,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1075",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb0513e17204a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Défavorable à ces amendements contre-productifs Je dois dire que c’est un sujet très compliqué puisqu’il s’agit d’une coordination légistique entre le droit européen et le droit national. Les propos très clairs de Mme [PERSONNE], relayés par M. [PERSONNE], mettent en avant la loi de 2016 qui interdisait tous les néonicotinoïdes. Ce texte prévoit, en revanche, de fixer par décret la liste des néonicotinoïdes qui seraient interdits, c’est-à-dire qu’on passe d’une interdiction par défaut à une liste sur laquelle seront inscrits les néonicotinoïdes interdits. Ce n’est pas une entourloupe. Cela répond, non pas à une volonté de notre part de modifier les textes, mais à une demande du Conseil d’État et de l’avocat général de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne dans ses conclusions prévisionnelles, car, à défaut, l’architecture définie par la loi de 2016 ne tiendrait plus. Si le Conseil d’État et la juridiction de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne se sont prononcés en ce sens, c’est que la loi n’a pas été notifiée à Bruxelles en 2016. Un décret s’en est suivi qui, lui, a été notifié, et la Commission a répondu que nous aurions dû nous appuyer sur l’article 71 du règlement sur les clauses de sauvegarde qui précise que les États sont amenés à prendre des décisions à titre national dès lors que celles-ci n’ont pas été prises à titre européen. Or, comme vous l’avez dit, madame [PERSONNE], l’Europe a interdit un certain nombre de néonicotinoïdes. Dit autrement, le Conseil d’État nous demande, en attendant la réponse de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne qui devrait intervenir dans les tout prochains jours, d’indiquer précisément par décret la liste des substances interdites. Sinon, le décret issu de la loi 2016 pourrait tomber, et la loi 2016 serait caduque. Enfin, je vous précise que le décret issu de la loi de 2016 a été attaqué par l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes (UIPP). C’est elle qui a indiqué à la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne qu’il y avait une faille juridique dans le système. Avec ce projet de loi, nous confortons la loi de 2016 tandis que la disposition que vous proposez la rendrait inopérante. Bien évidemment, je tiens à votre disposition l’ensemble de ces éléments et j’émets un avis défavorable sur ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1082",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1082",
    "1083",
    "1084",
    "1085"
   ],
   "order": 1082,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, je connais par cœur tous ces éléments. Je veux bien croire que ce sont vos services qui vous ont expliqué cela, mais ce raisonnement est totalement faux, et je vais essayer de vous expliquer pourquoi La loi de 2016 n’a jamais interdit les néonicotinoïdes, mais l’utilisation des produits à base de néonicotinoïdes. En cela, elle est totalement conforme au règlement européen sur la répartition des compétences entre l’autorisation des substances, qui relève du niveau européen, et l’autorisation des produits, qui relève de l’État membre. Par conséquent, c’est le décret, pas la loi, qui a créé la brèche que vous évoquez, c’est-à-dire le contentieux avec les firmes de l’agrochimie. Ce décret n’aurait jamais dû exister, il n’avait pas lieu d’être. À l’origine, il servait à sortir d’une des étapes du long combat, que je vous raconterai si vous le souhaitez, qui a été mené pendant trente ans par les apiculteurs. À l’époque, il y a eu des subterfuges et des entourloupes juridiques. Avec ce projet de loi, on assiste à une nouvelle entourloupe puisqu’il s’agit d’autoriser l’acétamipride en France – actuellement autorisé en Europe, il est interdit en France. Au mois de décembre prochain, un nouveau décret paraîtra qui modifiera l’actuel décret fixant la liste des produits interdits. Sur ce nouveau décret, on trouvera l’imidaclopride – ce produit est interdit en Europe, mais on fera une dérogation –, le thiaméthoxame – lui aussi est interdit en Europe, mais on fera une dérogation –, la clothianidine et le thiaclopride, mais pas l’acétamipride. Ainsi, cet insecticide sera autorisé en France. C’est exactement ce que le législateur de 2016, qui comptait dans ses rangs MM. Christophe Castaner et Richard Ferrand, souhaitait éviter. Ce que nous visons, c’est l’interdiction, non pas de telle ou telle molécule, mais le principe d’un insecticide systémique persistant, extrêmement toxique, et son mécanisme d’action, notamment sur les insectes, les vers de terre, les oiseaux, etc. Tel est l’objet de l’amendement que nous défendons. Mes chers collègues, en 2016, on s’est émancipé des consignes des groupes et du Gouvernement. Si les collègues de la majorité de l’époque ne l’avaient pas fait, jamais les néonicotinoïdes n’auraient été interdits en France – je rappelle qu’au départ le gouvernement de l’époque était contre l’interdiction. Regardez bien ce que le Gouvernement vous demande de voter : il s’agit d’autoriser de nouvelles substances néonicotinoïdes en France. Et je précise que l’on n’est plus dans un débat « limité » à la filière betteravière.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 410,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1082",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9bff486f7d03",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, je connais par cœur tous ces éléments. Je veux bien croire que ce sont vos services qui vous ont expliqué cela, mais ce raisonnement est totalement faux, et je vais essayer de vous expliquer pourquoi La loi de 2016 n’a jamais interdit les néonicotinoïdes, mais l’utilisation des produits à base de néonicotinoïdes. En cela, elle est totalement conforme au règlement européen sur la répartition des compétences entre l’autorisation des substances, qui relève du niveau européen, et l’autorisation des produits, qui relève de l’État membre. Par conséquent, c’est le décret, pas la loi, qui a créé la brèche que vous évoquez, c’est-à-dire le contentieux avec les firmes de l’agrochimie. Ce décret n’aurait jamais dû exister, il n’avait pas lieu d’être. À l’origine, il servait à sortir d’une des étapes du long combat, que je vous raconterai si vous le souhaitez, qui a été mené pendant trente ans par les apiculteurs. À l’époque, il y a eu des subterfuges et des entourloupes juridiques. Avec ce projet de loi, on assiste à une nouvelle entourloupe puisqu’il s’agit d’autoriser l’acétamipride en France – actuellement autorisé en Europe, il est interdit en France. Au mois de décembre prochain, un nouveau décret paraîtra qui modifiera l’actuel décret fixant la liste des produits interdits. Sur ce nouveau décret, on trouvera l’imidaclopride – ce produit est interdit en Europe, mais on fera une dérogation –, le thiaméthoxame – lui aussi est interdit en Europe, mais on fera une dérogation –, la clothianidine et le thiaclopride, mais pas l’acétamipride. Ainsi, cet insecticide sera autorisé en France. C’est exactement ce que le législateur de 2016, qui comptait dans ses rangs MM. [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], souhaitait éviter. Ce que nous visons, c’est l’interdiction, non pas de telle ou telle molécule, mais le principe d’un insecticide systémique persistant, extrêmement toxique, et son mécanisme d’action, notamment sur les insectes, les vers de terre, les oiseaux, etc. Tel est l’objet de l’amendement que nous défendons. Mes chers collègues, en 2016, on s’est émancipé des consignes des groupes et du Gouvernement. Si les collègues de la majorité de l’époque ne l’avaient pas fait, jamais les néonicotinoïdes n’auraient été interdits en France – je rappelle qu’au départ le gouvernement de l’époque était contre l’interdiction. Regardez bien ce que le Gouvernement vous demande de voter : il s’agit d’autoriser de nouvelles substances néonicotinoïdes en France. Et je précise que l’on n’est plus dans un débat « limité » à la filière betteravière."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1086",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1086",
    "1087"
   ],
   "order": 1086,
   "text": "C’est avec grand plaisir que j’accepte de discuter avec vous sur le fond et de rendre transparents tous ces débats Le problème, c’est qu’en 2016 la loi n’a pas été notifiée à Bruxelles.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1086",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe95d6d90bea",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "C’est avec grand plaisir que j’accepte de discuter avec vous sur le fond et de rendre transparents tous ces débats Le problème, c’est qu’en 2016 la loi n’a pas été notifiée à Bruxelles."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1098",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1098",
    "1099",
    "1100",
    "1101",
    "1102"
   ],
   "order": 1098,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer l’alinéa 1. Le projet de loi est en effet à rebours de l’urgence écologique : 68 % des vertébrés sauvages ont disparu en cinquante ans et 80 % des insectes européens en trente ans, en grande partie à cause des pesticides Le rapport 2020 du World Wildlife Fund (WWF) établit un lien entre érosion de la biodiversité et insécurité alimentaire : le modèle agro-industriel est à l’origine de 70 % de l’appauvrissement de la biodiversité terrestre et de 52 % de la dégradation des sols. Sur les 6 000 espèces végétales cultivées dans le monde, neuf fournissent les deux tiers de la production alimentaire mondiale. En clair, l’agro-industrie crée elle-même les conditions propices à sa destruction : l’appauvrissement du vivant par la culture monospécifique et par l’utilisation massive de pesticides ainsi que les bouleversements climatiques créent en effet un terreau favorable aux maladies et aux ravageurs. L’agro-industrie tue le vivant et broie les agriculteurs, dont plus de 20 % vivent sous le seuil de pauvreté. Nombre d’entre eux sont d’ailleurs malades des pesticides, et les suicides se multiplient. Pansement sur une jambe de bois, le projet de loi réautorise les néonicotinoïdes. Or une telle décision nuit au vivant et aux agriculteurs eux-mêmes. Certes, certains risquent évidemment d’être cette année plus touchés que d’autres par la jaunisse, mais, le cas échéant, ils doivent bénéficier d’une aide financière exceptionnelle et non de l’autorisation par anticipation des néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 240,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1098",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc1300b6293e8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer l’alinéa 1. Le projet de loi est en effet à rebours de l’urgence écologique : 68 % des vertébrés sauvages ont disparu en cinquante ans et 80 % des insectes européens en trente ans, en grande partie à cause des pesticides Le rapport 2020 du World Wildlife Fund (WWF) établit un lien entre érosion de la biodiversité et insécurité alimentaire : le modèle agro-industriel est à l’origine de 70 % de l’appauvrissement de la biodiversité terrestre et de 52 % de la dégradation des sols. Sur les 6 000 espèces végétales cultivées dans le monde, neuf fournissent les deux tiers de la production alimentaire mondiale. En clair, l’agro-industrie crée elle-même les conditions propices à sa destruction : l’appauvrissement du vivant par la culture monospécifique et par l’utilisation massive de pesticides ainsi que les bouleversements climatiques créent en effet un terreau favorable aux maladies et aux ravageurs. L’agro-industrie tue le vivant et broie les agriculteurs, dont plus de 20 % vivent sous le seuil de pauvreté. Nombre d’entre eux sont d’ailleurs malades des pesticides, et les suicides se multiplient. Pansement sur une jambe de bois, le projet de loi réautorise les néonicotinoïdes. Or une telle décision nuit au vivant et aux agriculteurs eux-mêmes. Certes, certains risquent évidemment d’être cette année plus touchés que d’autres par la jaunisse, mais, le cas échéant, ils doivent bénéficier d’une aide financière exceptionnelle et non de l’autorisation par anticipation des néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1103",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1103",
    "1104"
   ],
   "order": 1103,
   "text": "Sur le fond, j’ai déjà, cher collègue, répondu à vos arguments : il ne s’agit ici que d’une dérogation restreinte et temporaire permettant aux agriculteurs ainsi qu’à toute la filière sucrière de faire face à des conditions extrêmes puisque dans certaines exploitations, les pertes peuvent atteindre 30 à 40 %. Mais le principe demeure celui de l’interdiction Sur le plan juridique, l’adoption de votre amendement aurait pour conséquence de ne pas codifier ladite dérogation. Or pour une meilleure clarté de la loi, il est préférable de l’inscrire dans le code rural et de la pêche maritime, au même endroit que l’interdiction actuelle : c’est pourquoi j’y suis défavorable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 108,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1103",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nec29ded9d512",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fond, j’ai déjà, cher collègue, répondu à vos arguments : il ne s’agit ici que d’une dérogation restreinte et temporaire permettant aux agriculteurs ainsi qu’à toute la filière sucrière de faire face à des conditions extrêmes puisque dans certaines exploitations, les pertes peuvent atteindre 30 à 40 %. Mais le principe demeure celui de l’interdiction Sur le plan juridique, l’adoption de votre amendement aurait pour conséquence de ne pas codifier ladite dérogation. Or pour une meilleure clarté de la loi, il est préférable de l’inscrire dans le code rural et de la pêche maritime, au même endroit que l’interdiction actuelle : c’est pourquoi j’y suis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1105",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1105",
    "1106",
    "1107",
    "1108"
   ],
   "order": 1105,
   "text": "Vous remettez en cause, monsieur le député, le fondement de la dérogation, à savoir la nouvelle rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime qui figure à l’alinéa 1 du projet de loi et qui permet de recourir à l’article 53 du règlement du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 21 octobre 2009 concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques Nous sommes en désaccord sur l’approche de cette question : la nôtre ne repose pas sur une opposition entre son volet économique et son volet écologique, mais sur la notion de souveraineté. Si l’on veut que la filière betteravière mène à bien sa transition, il faut d’abord qu’elle survive : nous ne lui adressons par conséquent pas d’injonction contradictoire, pour reprendre l’expression de M. Cédric Villani. La vision que nous en avons ne doit pas se limiter au projet de loi, ni à certaines de nos décisions qui ne relevaient pas de la loi, mais embrasser l’ensemble qui forme la stratégie du Gouvernement : sortir la filière de l’impasse pour, demain, lui permettre de mener à bien ladite transition. Avis défavorable, donc.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 191,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1105",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf1b201df8259",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous remettez en cause, monsieur le député, le fondement de la dérogation, à savoir la nouvelle rédaction du II de l’article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime qui figure à l’alinéa 1 du projet de loi et qui permet de recourir à l’article 53 du règlement du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 21 octobre 2009 concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques Nous sommes en désaccord sur l’approche de cette question : la nôtre ne repose pas sur une opposition entre son volet économique et son volet écologique, mais sur la notion de souveraineté. Si l’on veut que la filière betteravière mène à bien sa transition, il faut d’abord qu’elle survive : nous ne lui adressons par conséquent pas d’injonction contradictoire, pour reprendre l’expression de M. [PERSONNE]. La vision que nous en avons ne doit pas se limiter au projet de loi, ni à certaines de nos décisions qui ne relevaient pas de la loi, mais embrasser l’ensemble qui forme la stratégie du Gouvernement : sortir la filière de l’impasse pour, demain, lui permettre de mener à bien ladite transition. Avis défavorable, donc."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1109",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1109"
   ],
   "order": 1109,
   "text": "Madame la rapporteure pour avis, comment pouvez-vous estimer à 30 % voire 40 % les pertes de la filière dans la mesure où il s’agit, pour une grande part, d’une culture non encore récoltée ? Il me semble que cela revient à crier avant d’avoir mal : disposeriez-vous d’une boule de cristal ou liriez-vous dans le marc de café ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1109",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N33c832fb2297",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la rapporteure pour avis, comment pouvez-vous estimer à 30 % voire 40 % les pertes de la filière dans la mesure où il s’agit, pour une grande part, d’une culture non encore récoltée ? Il me semble que cela revient à crier avant d’avoir mal : disposeriez-vous d’une boule de cristal ou liriez-vous dans le marc de café ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1114",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1114",
    "1115",
    "1116",
    "1117",
    "1118"
   ],
   "order": 1114,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer l’alinéa 2 Le Gouvernement, qui s’enferme dans une impasse, avance comme argument majeur pour défendre cette dérogation que les abeilles et la biodiversité ne seront pas touchées puisque la betterave est récoltée avant floraison, qu’elle n’attirerait dès lors pas les pollinisateurs et que l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semence sur cette culture ne serait donc pas dangereux pour les abeilles. Au cours d’une interview, M. le ministre s’est même permis d’affirmer que les seules abeilles à voler dans des champs de betteraves seraient un peu stupides et dépourvues de tout sens de l’orientation. Or seulement 20 % de la substance active contenue par la semence est absorbée par la plante, le reste étant disséminé dans les sols, les cours d’eau et les nappes phréatiques, avec une rémanence pouvant s’étaler sur plus de vingt ans : de quoi contaminer toutes les cultures environnantes et nuire durablement tant aux abeilles qu’au reste de la faune sauvage. Le Gouvernement avance par ailleurs que la dérogation dépendra des conditions météorologiques et qu’elle ne sera octroyée que si l’hiver est particulièrement doux. Le ministre a-t-il lui aussi une boule de cristal ? Comment les agriculteurs qui s’approvisionneront en semences de betterave pourront-ils choisir entre celles qui seront enrobées et celles qui ne le seront pas ? Comment en outre définir un hiver doux ? L’argument ne tient pas une seconde face aux réalités du terrain.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 236,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1114",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb5dfeb9004a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer l’alinéa 2 Le Gouvernement, qui s’enferme dans une impasse, avance comme argument majeur pour défendre cette dérogation que les abeilles et la biodiversité ne seront pas touchées puisque la betterave est récoltée avant floraison, qu’elle n’attirerait dès lors pas les pollinisateurs et que l’usage des néonicotinoïdes en enrobage de semence sur cette culture ne serait donc pas dangereux pour les abeilles. Au cours d’une interview, M. le ministre s’est même permis d’affirmer que les seules abeilles à voler dans des champs de betteraves seraient un peu stupides et dépourvues de tout sens de l’orientation. Or seulement 20 % de la substance active contenue par la semence est absorbée par la plante, le reste étant disséminé dans les sols, les cours d’eau et les nappes phréatiques, avec une rémanence pouvant s’étaler sur plus de vingt ans : de quoi contaminer toutes les cultures environnantes et nuire durablement tant aux abeilles qu’au reste de la faune sauvage. Le Gouvernement avance par ailleurs que la dérogation dépendra des conditions météorologiques et qu’elle ne sera octroyée que si l’hiver est particulièrement doux. Le ministre a-t-il lui aussi une boule de cristal ? Comment les agriculteurs qui s’approvisionneront en semences de betterave pourront-ils choisir entre celles qui seront enrobées et celles qui ne le seront pas ? Comment en outre définir un hiver doux ? L’argument ne tient pas une seconde face aux réalités du terrain."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "Mme la rapporteure pour avis.",
   "quality": "Mme la rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1119",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1119",
    "1120"
   ],
   "order": 1119,
   "text": "La suppression de l’alinéa 2 aurait pour conséquence la suppression du principe même de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, qui figure déjà dans notre droit Il ne resterait plus alors dans la loi que la dérogation, sans principe général d’interdiction. Or il est essentiel de le maintenir dans le code rural. Avis défavorable, donc.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1119",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7b5d5cfdca9a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La suppression de l’alinéa 2 aurait pour conséquence la suppression du principe même de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, qui figure déjà dans notre droit Il ne resterait plus alors dans la loi que la dérogation, sans principe général d’interdiction. Or il est essentiel de le maintenir dans le code rural. Avis défavorable, donc."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1121",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1121",
    "1122",
    "1123"
   ],
   "order": 1121,
   "text": "Même avis. En fait, le projet de loi autorise le recours à l’article 53 du règlement européen auquel la France, contrairement aux autres pays européens, s’est interdit de recourir, avec la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages Le premier alinéa de ce même article du règlement prévoit qu’« un État membre peut autoriser, pour une période n’excédant pas cent vingt jours, la mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiques […] lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». Il s’agit du danger sanitaire couru par la plante. Une telle décision doit donc être prise en fonction d’un faisceau d’indices agronomiques que les États membres concernés doivent collégialement déclarer, l’un d’entre eux étant évidemment les températures : très basses, elles tuent en effet les larves des pucerons. En cas d’hiver doux, ceux-ci, qui migrent du sud vers le nord, sans que l’on sache à quel moment ils se chargent du virus, peuvent se développer.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 174,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1121",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf12256d6b224",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis. En fait, le projet de loi autorise le recours à l’article 53 du règlement européen auquel la France, contrairement aux autres pays européens, s’est interdit de recourir, avec la loi du 8 août 2016 pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages Le premier alinéa de ce même article du règlement prévoit qu’« un État membre peut autoriser, pour une période n’excédant pas cent vingt jours, la mise sur le marché de produits phytopharmaceutiques […] lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». Il s’agit du danger sanitaire couru par la plante. Une telle décision doit donc être prise en fonction d’un faisceau d’indices agronomiques que les États membres concernés doivent collégialement déclarer, l’un d’entre eux étant évidemment les températures : très basses, elles tuent en effet les larves des pucerons. En cas d’hiver doux, ceux-ci, qui migrent du sud vers le nord, sans que l’on sache à quel moment ils se chargent du virus, peuvent se développer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1124",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1124",
    "1125",
    "1126",
    "1127"
   ],
   "order": 1124,
   "text": "Monsieur le ministre, puisque vous abordez la dérogation sur laquelle l’alinéa 2 ne porte pas, nous ne sommes pas du tout dans les clous des règles établies par l’article 53 du règlement européen, que l’on ne peut utiliser qu’après avoir tout essayé Or nous ne connaissons pas les conditions climatiques de l’année prochaine : l’enrobage des semences et l’usage des néonicotinoïdes vont donc être autorisés sur 100 % des surfaces cultivées en betteraves alors que la filière indique elle-même que seules 30 % d’entre elles sont concernées cette année, sans que l’on sache si elles le resteront. Tant le rapport de la Cour des comptes européenne datant du mois de juillet 2020 que les rappels faits par la Commission européenne auprès des États membres en 2019 en matière de recours abusifs aux dérogations devraient logiquement pousser la France à soutenir cette dernière afin de mettre fin aux contournements de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Qu’avez-vous prévu si la Commission met un coup d’arrêt aux dérogations ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 164,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1124",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N307cefa77e21",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le ministre, puisque vous abordez la dérogation sur laquelle l’alinéa 2 ne porte pas, nous ne sommes pas du tout dans les clous des règles établies par l’article 53 du règlement européen, que l’on ne peut utiliser qu’après avoir tout essayé Or nous ne connaissons pas les conditions climatiques de l’année prochaine : l’enrobage des semences et l’usage des néonicotinoïdes vont donc être autorisés sur 100 % des surfaces cultivées en betteraves alors que la filière indique elle-même que seules 30 % d’entre elles sont concernées cette année, sans que l’on sache si elles le resteront. Tant le rapport de la Cour des comptes européenne datant du mois de juillet 2020 que les rappels faits par la Commission européenne auprès des États membres en 2019 en matière de recours abusifs aux dérogations devraient logiquement pousser la France à soutenir cette dernière afin de mettre fin aux contournements de l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Qu’avez-vous prévu si la Commission met un coup d’arrêt aux dérogations ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1128",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1128",
    "1129",
    "1130"
   ],
   "order": 1128,
   "text": "Vous n’avez pas, monsieur le ministre, répondu à ma question précise et factuelle : les cultivateurs de betteraves vont-ils s’approvisionner en deux types de semences, enrobées ou non, et choisir entre les deux en fonction de l’usage de la dérogation ? Cela revient à autoriser 100 % des surfaces à utiliser des néonicotinoïdes Vous parlez de danger sanitaire : or un article de Mmes Andria M. Cimino, Abee L. Boyles, Kristina A. Thayer et Melissa J. Perry intitulé Effects of Neonicotinoid Pesticide Exposure on Human Health : A Systematic Review et publié en 2016 dans la revue Environmental Health Perspectives a conclu à « des conséquences développementales ou neurologiques défavorables sur l’être humain : développement de l’autisme, malformations cardiaques ». Un tel danger existe donc, pour les agriculteurs et pour l’homme en général.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 133,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1128",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N509a0be2cd5f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Vous n’avez pas, monsieur le ministre, répondu à ma question précise et factuelle : les cultivateurs de betteraves vont-ils s’approvisionner en deux types de semences, enrobées ou non, et choisir entre les deux en fonction de l’usage de la dérogation ? Cela revient à autoriser 100 % des surfaces à utiliser des néonicotinoïdes Vous parlez de danger sanitaire : or un article de Mmes Andria M. Cimino, Abee L. Boyles, Kristina A. Thayer et Melissa J. Perry intitulé Effects of Neonicotinoid Pesticide Exposure on Human Health : A Systematic Review et publié en 2016 dans la revue Environmental Health Perspectives a conclu à « des conséquences développementales ou neurologiques défavorables sur l’être humain : développement de l’autisme, malformations cardiaques ». Un tel danger existe donc, pour les agriculteurs et pour l’homme en général."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1131",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1131"
   ],
   "order": 1131,
   "text": "Madame la rapporteure pour avis, sommes-nous bien d’accord sur le fait que puisque 80 %, voire plus, des substances néonicotinoïdes se retrouvent dans le sol et dans l’eau, seuls 20 % étant absorbés par les plantes, l’argument tenant à la récolte avant floraison des betteraves et donc à leur innocuité pour la biodiversité ne tient pas ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1131",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N83df9a9da366",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Madame la rapporteure pour avis, sommes-nous bien d’accord sur le fait que puisque 80 %, voire plus, des substances néonicotinoïdes se retrouvent dans le sol et dans l’eau, seuls 20 % étant absorbés par les plantes, l’argument tenant à la récolte avant floraison des betteraves et donc à leur innocuité pour la biodiversité ne tient pas ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1132",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1132",
    "1133",
    "1134",
    "1135",
    "1136"
   ],
   "order": 1132,
   "text": "Madame Delphine Batho, l’Europe a effectivement mené une enquête dans deux États membres, la Roumanie et la Lituanie : figurez-vous qu’elle l’a fait principalement à l’initiative de la France et de mon ministère puisqu’on les soupçonnait de ne plus recourir à l’article 53 en raison d’un risque sanitaire avéré, mais de façon systématique. Nous avons donc agi de manière proactive en la matière Si la réglementation européenne évolue, tout le monde devra évidemment s’y plier. Je reviens, monsieur Loïc Prud’homme, sur le calendrier : si le projet de loi est adopté, des arrêtés conjoints des ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de l’environnement autoriseront la mise sur le marché en janvier 2021 temporairement, c’est-à-dire, comme le prévoit l’article 53 du règlement, pour une période n’excédant pas cent vingt jours, ce qui déclenchera l’enrobage des graines par les semenciers. S’ils ne sont pas pris, ces derniers ne pourront donc pas vendre la substance concernée. Par conséquent les agriculteurs n’achèteront pas simultanément deux types de semences, les unes enrobées, les autres non. J’en viens à la dimension locale de la question qui pourrait conduire à exclure des régions non infestées par les pucerons : l’immense difficulté à laquelle nous sommes confrontés est que leur comportement en 2019 a été totalement différent de celui de cette année, puisque leur gradient est passé d’est en ouest, et qu’il reste très compliqué de prévoir leurs mouvements.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 230,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1132",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb65c8fc62a25",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Madame [PERSONNE], l’Europe a effectivement mené une enquête dans deux États membres, la Roumanie et la Lituanie : figurez-vous qu’elle l’a fait principalement à l’initiative de la France et de mon ministère puisqu’on les soupçonnait de ne plus recourir à l’article 53 en raison d’un risque sanitaire avéré, mais de façon systématique. Nous avons donc agi de manière proactive en la matière Si la réglementation européenne évolue, tout le monde devra évidemment s’y plier. Je reviens, monsieur Loïc Prud’homme, sur le calendrier : si le projet de loi est adopté, des arrêtés conjoints des ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de l’environnement autoriseront la mise sur le marché en janvier 2021 temporairement, c’est-à-dire, comme le prévoit l’article 53 du règlement, pour une période n’excédant pas cent vingt jours, ce qui déclenchera l’enrobage des graines par les semenciers. S’ils ne sont pas pris, ces derniers ne pourront donc pas vendre la substance concernée. Par conséquent les agriculteurs n’achèteront pas simultanément deux types de semences, les unes enrobées, les autres non. J’en viens à la dimension locale de la question qui pourrait conduire à exclure des régions non infestées par les pucerons : l’immense difficulté à laquelle nous sommes confrontés est que leur comportement en 2019 a été totalement différent de celui de cette année, puisque leur gradient est passé d’est en ouest, et qu’il reste très compliqué de prévoir leurs mouvements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1138",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1138",
    "1139",
    "1140"
   ],
   "order": 1138,
   "text": "La durée de la rémanence dans le sol dépend de son pH, de son microbiote et de sa nature : s’il est argileux, la substance y restera. Si celle-ci se propage dans l’eau, elle ne restera pas dans le sol Cela renvoie au débat que nous avons eu tout à l’heure sur cette question à la fois particulièrement intéressante et compliquée : certaines demi-vies sont en effet, non en raison du produit mais de la nature du sol, beaucoup plus courtes que d’autres. Je ne dis cependant pas, monsieur Matthieu Orphelin, que ce que vous avez dit est faux.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1138",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4f618f9dbe5e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La durée de la rémanence dans le sol dépend de son pH, de son microbiote et de sa nature : s’il est argileux, la substance y restera. Si celle-ci se propage dans l’eau, elle ne restera pas dans le sol Cela renvoie au débat que nous avons eu tout à l’heure sur cette question à la fois particulièrement intéressante et compliquée : certaines demi-vies sont en effet, non en raison du produit mais de la nature du sol, beaucoup plus courtes que d’autres. Je ne dis cependant pas, monsieur [PERSONNE], que ce que vous avez dit est faux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1141",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1141"
   ],
   "order": 1141,
   "text": "Je vous remercie, madame la rapporteure pour avis, pour cette réponse très claire : elle montre que l’argument selon lequel les betteraves sont récoltées avant floraison ne doit absolument pas être mis en avant comme le Gouvernement et un certain nombre de parlementaires le font",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1141",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd34772e1dd64",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie, madame la rapporteure pour avis, pour cette réponse très claire : elle montre que l’argument selon lequel les betteraves sont récoltées avant floraison ne doit absolument pas être mis en avant comme le Gouvernement et un certain nombre de parlementaires le font"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1147",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1147",
    "1148",
    "1149",
    "1150"
   ],
   "order": 1147,
   "text": "L’amendement CD3 concerne la réécriture de la loi de 2016 : il a la même visée que l’un de nos amendements précédents, à savoir faire de l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes un principe intangible auquel quelque gouvernement que ce soit ne pourra déroger En effet, la disposition telle qu’elle est réécrite permet au Gouvernement actuel, ou demain à l’un de ses successeurs, d’autoriser à nouveau des substances néonicotinoïdes, dans toute la France et pour tous les usages : c’est ce que mon amendement propose d’empêcher en supprimant la référence au décret. Je rappelle que l’actuel article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime ne prévoit pas de décret concernant l’interdiction de ces substances : il en prévoit un, qui est nécessaire parce qu’il faut les définir, s’agissant des produits ayant le même mode d’action. Nous l’avions modifié dans ce sens dans la loi du 30 octobre 2018 pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et une alimentation saine et durable, dite loi « ÉGALIM ». Le projet de loi fait, lui, autre chose : il détricote la loi de 201.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 185,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1147",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Naf5ce3629bec",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD3 concerne la réécriture de la loi de 2016 : il a la même visée que l’un de nos amendements précédents, à savoir faire de l’interdiction de tous les néonicotinoïdes un principe intangible auquel quelque gouvernement que ce soit ne pourra déroger En effet, la disposition telle qu’elle est réécrite permet au Gouvernement actuel, ou demain à l’un de ses successeurs, d’autoriser à nouveau des substances néonicotinoïdes, dans toute la France et pour tous les usages : c’est ce que mon amendement propose d’empêcher en supprimant la référence au décret. Je rappelle que l’actuel article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime ne prévoit pas de décret concernant l’interdiction de ces substances : il en prévoit un, qui est nécessaire parce qu’il faut les définir, s’agissant des produits ayant le même mode d’action. Nous l’avions modifié dans ce sens dans la loi du 30 octobre 2018 pour l’équilibre des relations commerciales dans le secteur agricole et une alimentation saine et durable, dite loi « ÉGALIM ». Le projet de loi fait, lui, autre chose : il détricote la loi de 201."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1151",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1151",
    "1152",
    "1153",
    "1154",
    "1155",
    "1156"
   ],
   "order": 1151,
   "text": "L’amendement CD11 vise, à l’alinéa 2, à supprimer les mots : « précisées par décret, » Dans vos propos liminaires vous avez, monsieur le ministre, évoqué la transition et, Madame la rapporteure pour avis, de façon extrêmement vague, les contreparties : or on ne sait pas en quoi elles consistent. Le fait que notre amendement de suppression de l’article n’ait pas été adopté ne doit pas nous empêcher de nous poser la question de fortes contreparties qui pousseraient toute la profession agricole à changer en contractualisant, notamment avec des apiculteurs, et en se formant. J’ai visité ce matin une pépinière qui a effectué en cinq ans un virage à 180 degrés : alors qu’elle vendait auparavant des sapins de Noël bourrés de pesticides, elle s’est spécialisée dans l’agroforesterie. On pourrait également prévoir, comme nous l’avons fait dans la loi « ÉGALIM », que les usines privilégient dans leurs achats les agriculteurs engagés dans la transition. La valeur doit en effet revenir à ceux qui ont fait un tel effort : or on n’en parle pas. Comme l’a indiqué Mme Delphine Batho, le plan proposé par les betteraviers ne comporte que des contreparties indigentes. Que cette loi soit de circonstance, soit, mais au moins définissons ces contreparties !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 207,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1151",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd35f3a2cf9ad",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD11 vise, à l’alinéa 2, à supprimer les mots : « précisées par décret, » Dans vos propos liminaires vous avez, monsieur le ministre, évoqué la transition et, Madame la rapporteure pour avis, de façon extrêmement vague, les contreparties : or on ne sait pas en quoi elles consistent. Le fait que notre amendement de suppression de l’article n’ait pas été adopté ne doit pas nous empêcher de nous poser la question de fortes contreparties qui pousseraient toute la profession agricole à changer en contractualisant, notamment avec des apiculteurs, et en se formant. J’ai visité ce matin une pépinière qui a effectué en cinq ans un virage à 180 degrés : alors qu’elle vendait auparavant des sapins de Noël bourrés de pesticides, elle s’est spécialisée dans l’agroforesterie. On pourrait également prévoir, comme nous l’avons fait dans la loi « ÉGALIM », que les usines privilégient dans leurs achats les agriculteurs engagés dans la transition. La valeur doit en effet revenir à ceux qui ont fait un tel effort : or on n’en parle pas. Comme l’a indiqué Mme [PERSONNE], le plan proposé par les betteraviers ne comporte que des contreparties indigentes. Que cette loi soit de circonstance, soit, mais au moins définissons ces contreparties !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718744",
   "speaker": "Delphine Bagarry",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Bagarry.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1158",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1158",
    "1159"
   ],
   "order": 1158,
   "text": "Inscrire dans la loi la possibilité pour le Gouvernement de déterminer les substances concernées sans prévoir de contreparties ne permettra pas d’accompagner complètement les changements de modes de production À l’avenir, il sera en outre peut-être encore plus facile d’obtenir des dérogations.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1158",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N84de81d9036b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Inscrire dans la loi la possibilité pour le Gouvernement de déterminer les substances concernées sans prévoir de contreparties ne permettra pas d’accompagner complètement les changements de modes de production À l’avenir, il sera en outre peut-être encore plus facile d’obtenir des dérogations."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719092",
   "speaker": "Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "quality": "Mme Frédérique Tuffnell.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1160",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1160",
    "1161"
   ],
   "order": 1160,
   "text": "Il me semble que nous sommes tous responsables de ce qui se passe ce soir puisque nous n’avons rien fait pour régler le problème des néonicotinoïdes, qui ne l’a pas été depuis 2016. Rapporteure, avec ma collègue Mme Nathalie Bassire, sur l’évaluation de la loi du 8 août 2016, nous avons mesuré les difficultés rencontrées dans cette transition L’article unique ne peut être accepté en l’état : c’est pourquoi je demande, à l’alinéa 2, la suppression des mots : « précisées par décret, ».",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1160",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N23e9b74c7217",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il me semble que nous sommes tous responsables de ce qui se passe ce soir puisque nous n’avons rien fait pour régler le problème des néonicotinoïdes, qui ne l’a pas été depuis 2016. Rapporteure, avec ma collègue Mme [PERSONNE], sur l’évaluation de la loi du 8 août 2016, nous avons mesuré les difficultés rencontrées dans cette transition L’article unique ne peut être accepté en l’état : c’est pourquoi je demande, à l’alinéa 2, la suppression des mots : « précisées par décret, »."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1162",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1162",
    "1163",
    "1164",
    "1165"
   ],
   "order": 1162,
   "text": "Madame Yolaine de Courson, les contreparties que j’ai évoquées dans mon propos liminaire, à savoir les pratiques agro-écologiques, la protection des abeilles et l’interdiction de planter certaines cultures, feront l’objet d’amendements que je présenterai tout à l’heure Les amendements qui viennent d’être présentés tendent, à l’alinéa 2, à supprimer les mots : « précisées par décret, ». Or la suppression du décret aurait pour conséquence de ne plus définir les substances considérées comme assimilées aux néonicotinoïdes, ce qui est nécessaire pour pouvoir appliquer pleinement l’interdiction. Par ailleurs, comme je l’ai expliqué précédemment, cette rédaction permet de lever une difficulté juridique liée à la conformité du droit français au droit européen, ainsi que le précise le Conseil d’État dans son avis sur le projet de loi. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à cette série d’amendements.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 134,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1162",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbecc701a56a2",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame [PERSONNE], les contreparties que j’ai évoquées dans mon propos liminaire, à savoir les pratiques agro-écologiques, la protection des abeilles et l’interdiction de planter certaines cultures, feront l’objet d’amendements que je présenterai tout à l’heure Les amendements qui viennent d’être présentés tendent, à l’alinéa 2, à supprimer les mots : « précisées par décret, ». Or la suppression du décret aurait pour conséquence de ne plus définir les substances considérées comme assimilées aux néonicotinoïdes, ce qui est nécessaire pour pouvoir appliquer pleinement l’interdiction. Par ailleurs, comme je l’ai expliqué précédemment, cette rédaction permet de lever une difficulté juridique liée à la conformité du droit français au droit européen, ainsi que le précise le Conseil d’État dans son avis sur le projet de loi. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à cette série d’amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1167",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1167",
    "1168",
    "1169",
    "1170"
   ],
   "order": 1167,
   "text": "Je m’adresse du fond du cœur à tous mes collègues : on vous demande de voter à travers ce texte, que même à l’Assemblée nationale on appelle le projet de loi « betteraves », le détricotage complet de la loi de 2016 Cela se fait de façon beaucoup plus subtile et beaucoup moins brutale qu’à travers l’avant-projet de loi de 2017 – que M. Nicolas Hulot, alors ministre de la transition écologique et solidaire, avait à l’époque bloqué – qui prévoyait de supprimer purement et simplement l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Cela revient à vous faire voter « à l’insu de votre plein gré », car ce n’est pas comme cela que les choses vous sont présentées, la réautorisation de certaines substances néonicotinoïdes actuellement interdites en France bien qu’autorisées en Europe. Vous voterez ainsi en connaissance de cause : l’alinéa 2 va en effet bien au-delà d’un débat sur la filière de la betterave à sucre.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 154,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1167",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf499da51b8ee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’adresse du fond du cœur à tous mes collègues : on vous demande de voter à travers ce texte, que même à l’Assemblée nationale on appelle le projet de loi « betteraves », le détricotage complet de la loi de 2016 Cela se fait de façon beaucoup plus subtile et beaucoup moins brutale qu’à travers l’avant-projet de loi de 2017 – que M. [PERSONNE], alors ministre de la transition écologique et solidaire, avait à l’époque bloqué – qui prévoyait de supprimer purement et simplement l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Cela revient à vous faire voter « à l’insu de votre plein gré », car ce n’est pas comme cela que les choses vous sont présentées, la réautorisation de certaines substances néonicotinoïdes actuellement interdites en France bien qu’autorisées en Europe. Vous voterez ainsi en connaissance de cause : l’alinéa 2 va en effet bien au-delà d’un débat sur la filière de la betterave à sucre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1171",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1171",
    "1172",
    "1173",
    "1174",
    "1175"
   ],
   "order": 1171,
   "text": "Si je salue la qualité de nos débats, je trouve indécent, madame Delphine Batho, que vous laissiez planer une suspicion sur le ministre que je suis ainsi que sur les équipes qui m’entourent. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe LaREM.) Nous pouvons refaire l’historique du dossier : si nous avons été obligés de prendre le décret qui encore une fois a été attaqué par l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes (UIPP), que par vos propos – ouvrez les yeux – vous défendez, c’est parce que la loi de 2016 n’a pas été notifiée au niveau européen. L’article 71 du règlement européen de 2009 qui institue une clause de sauvegarde, nous oblige à opérer cette modification portant sur les décrets, ce qui figure en toutes lettres dans l’avis du Conseil d’État aujourd’hui public Je vous le dis clairement : la suspicion, pas avec moi ! Je vous mets d’ailleurs au défi de trouver une incohérence dans tous mes propos depuis que je me suis engagé en politique. Il faudra encore une fois, si l’on refait l’exégèse légistique de tout ce qui s’est passé depuis 2016, que chacun balaye devant sa porte, s’agissant de ce qui s’est passé juste après la promulgation de la loi de 2016 et qui nous contraint à faire aujourd’hui ce que nous sommes en train de faire.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 222,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1171",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7b93ae04a9c7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si je salue la qualité de nos débats, je trouve indécent, madame [PERSONNE], que vous laissiez planer une suspicion sur le ministre que je suis ainsi que sur les équipes qui m’entourent. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe [GROUPE].) Nous pouvons refaire l’historique du dossier : si nous avons été obligés de prendre le décret qui encore une fois a été attaqué par l’Union des industries de la protection des plantes (UIPP), que par vos propos – ouvrez les yeux – vous défendez, c’est parce que la loi de 2016 n’a pas été notifiée au niveau européen. L’article 71 du règlement européen de 2009 qui institue une clause de sauvegarde, nous oblige à opérer cette modification portant sur les décrets, ce qui figure en toutes lettres dans l’avis du Conseil d’État aujourd’hui public Je vous le dis clairement : la suspicion, pas avec moi ! Je vous mets d’ailleurs au défi de trouver une incohérence dans tous mes propos depuis que je me suis engagé en politique. Il faudra encore une fois, si l’on refait l’exégèse légistique de tout ce qui s’est passé depuis 2016, que chacun balaye devant sa porte, s’agissant de ce qui s’est passé juste après la promulgation de la loi de 2016 et qui nous contraint à faire aujourd’hui ce que nous sommes en train de faire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1176",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1176",
    "1177",
    "1178"
   ],
   "order": 1176,
   "text": "Ici, monsieur le ministre, nous votons la loi, et seul compte ce qui est écrit dans le texte, c’est-à-dire la possibilité offerte au pouvoir exécutif de ne pas interdire tous les néonicotinoïdes. Il ne s’agit pas de suspicion mais bien de droit : c’est écrit dans l’avis du Conseil d’État Vous pouvez me mettre en cause personnellement, j’en ai l’habitude. Mes amendements ont par ailleurs été espionnés par l’UIPP. Je connais l’attitude qui consiste, lorsque l’on pose un problème sur le fond, à essayer d’en faire une question personnelle. Le sujet, monsieur le ministre, est ce qui figure à l’alinéa 2 de l’article unique de votre projet de loi : il donne au pouvoir réglementaire la possibilité d’autoriser en France des substances néonicotinoïdes qui jusqu’à présent y étaient interdites par la loi de 2016.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 134,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1176",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2091c5004952",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ici, monsieur le ministre, nous votons la loi, et seul compte ce qui est écrit dans le texte, c’est-à-dire la possibilité offerte au pouvoir exécutif de ne pas interdire tous les néonicotinoïdes. Il ne s’agit pas de suspicion mais bien de droit : c’est écrit dans l’avis du Conseil d’État Vous pouvez me mettre en cause personnellement, j’en ai l’habitude. Mes amendements ont par ailleurs été espionnés par l’UIPP. Je connais l’attitude qui consiste, lorsque l’on pose un problème sur le fond, à essayer d’en faire une question personnelle. Le sujet, monsieur le ministre, est ce qui figure à l’alinéa 2 de l’article unique de votre projet de loi : il donne au pouvoir réglementaire la possibilité d’autoriser en France des substances néonicotinoïdes qui jusqu’à présent y étaient interdites par la loi de 2016."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1182",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1182",
    "1183",
    "1184"
   ],
   "order": 1182,
   "text": "Notre débat porte à présent sur les dérogations : elles consistent à autoriser l’utilisation en France de trois produits aujourd’hui interdits à l’échelle européenne tant leur nocivité a été établie de façon accablante, notamment par l’European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) qui a considéré qu’ils présentaient un risque inacceptable pour les abeilles et les pollinisateurs Ces trois produits, dont M. le ministre a, au cours des auditions menées par le rapporteur de la commission des affaires économiques, confirmé l’utilisation en France au travers de ces mêmes dérogations, sont l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine, soit les trois pires néonicotinoïdes. Le groupe Écologie, Démocratie, Solidarité (EDS) s’oppose donc totalement à ces dérogations. Les dispositions proposées n’en définissent par ailleurs absolument pas les limites en termes ni de types de cultures, ni de surfaces, ni de territoires concernés.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1182",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N41bf80115d8f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre débat porte à présent sur les dérogations : elles consistent à autoriser l’utilisation en France de trois produits aujourd’hui interdits à l’échelle européenne tant leur nocivité a été établie de façon accablante, notamment par l’European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) qui a considéré qu’ils présentaient un risque inacceptable pour les abeilles et les pollinisateurs Ces trois produits, dont M. le ministre a, au cours des auditions menées par le rapporteur de la commission des affaires économiques, confirmé l’utilisation en France au travers de ces mêmes dérogations, sont l’imidaclopride, le thiaméthoxame et la clothianidine, soit les trois pires néonicotinoïdes. Le groupe Écologie, Démocratie, Solidarité (EDS) s’oppose donc totalement à ces dérogations. Les dispositions proposées n’en définissent par ailleurs absolument pas les limites en termes ni de types de cultures, ni de surfaces, ni de territoires concernés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1186",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1186",
    "1187",
    "1188",
    "1189",
    "1190",
    "1191",
    "1192"
   ],
   "order": 1186,
   "text": "Celles et ceux qui demandaient un moratoire sur la 5G se sont récemment vus qualifiés par le Président de la République d’Amish ou de partisans de la lampe à huile Il n’y a pas de posture plus obscurantiste que celle consistant à nier la science. Or l’on dispose, s’agissant des néonicotinoïdes, de 1 220 études scientifiques menées depuis vingt ans : elles montrent et démontrent leurs effets hautement toxiques sur les insectes pollinisateurs, la biodiversité, la qualité des sols et des eaux ainsi que sur la santé humaine. Hier, près de soixante chercheurs internationaux de vingt-quatre pays et de quatre continents différents ont, dans Libération, qualifié le projet de loi de grave erreur tout en rappelant qu’ils avaient été, il y a deux ans, invités à l’Assemblée nationale pour saluer l’application de la loi de 2016. Depuis l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes dans les années 1990, la production de miel a été, en France, divisée par trois. En 2017, une étude a révélé qu’en Europe, 80 % de la biomasse des insectes avait disparu en moins de trente ans, ses auteurs estimant que les pratiques agro-industrielles étaient la première cause de ce déclin. En quelques années, au sein de l’Union européenne, les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées, à hauteur de 37 %. Pire, et autre déni scientifique, de nombreuses études ont démontré qu’une résistance aux néonicotinoïdes était apparue et que leur utilisation représentait une impasse technique. Des recherches menées par l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (ANSES) mettent en lumière l’apparition de telles résistances. On estimait en 2008 que plus 550 espèces d’insectes étaient devenues résistantes à un ou plusieurs insecticides. Or des alternatives existent. Puisque nous connaissons les dégâts occasionnés par les néonicotinoïdes, nous ne pouvons accepter une dérogation qui constituerait une régression alors que la France avait en la matière pris une décision exemplaire saluée comme telle dans le monde entier.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 317,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1186",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd956ea913c3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BESV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Celles et ceux qui demandaient un moratoire sur la 5G se sont récemment vus qualifiés par le Président de la République d’Amish ou de partisans de la lampe à huile Il n’y a pas de posture plus obscurantiste que celle consistant à nier la science. Or l’on dispose, s’agissant des néonicotinoïdes, de 1 220 études scientifiques menées depuis vingt ans : elles montrent et démontrent leurs effets hautement toxiques sur les insectes pollinisateurs, la biodiversité, la qualité des sols et des eaux ainsi que sur la santé humaine. Hier, près de soixante chercheurs internationaux de vingt-quatre pays et de quatre continents différents ont, dans Libération, qualifié le projet de loi de grave erreur tout en rappelant qu’ils avaient été, il y a deux ans, invités à l’Assemblée nationale pour saluer l’application de la loi de 2016. Depuis l’autorisation des néonicotinoïdes dans les années 1990, la production de miel a été, en France, divisée par trois. En 2017, une étude a révélé qu’en Europe, 80 % de la biomasse des insectes avait disparu en moins de trente ans, ses auteurs estimant que les pratiques agro-industrielles étaient la première cause de ce déclin. En quelques années, au sein de l’Union européenne, les colonies d’abeilles ont été décimées, à hauteur de 37 %. Pire, et autre déni scientifique, de nombreuses études ont démontré qu’une résistance aux néonicotinoïdes était apparue et que leur utilisation représentait une impasse technique. Des recherches menées par l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (ANSES) mettent en lumière l’apparition de telles résistances. On estimait en 2008 que plus 550 espèces d’insectes étaient devenues résistantes à un ou plusieurs insecticides. Or des alternatives existent. Puisque nous connaissons les dégâts occasionnés par les néonicotinoïdes, nous ne pouvons accepter une dérogation qui constituerait une régression alors que la France avait en la matière pris une décision exemplaire saluée comme telle dans le monde entier."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720278",
   "speaker": "Matthieu Orphelin",
   "quality": "M. Matthieu Orphelin.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1193",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1193"
   ],
   "order": 1193,
   "text": "J’invite mes collègues à garder le même niveau d’exigence que cet après-midi. Nous ne sommes pas là pour applaudir les arguments des uns et des autres ou se lancer des invectives hors micro. J’ai été assez choqué par l’accueil réservé aux arguments très concrets de Mme Delphine Batho. Ces comportements n’ont pas leur place ici. J’aimerais qu’on soit tous aussi bons connaisseurs du sujet qu’elle l’est, ce qui n’implique pas qu’on soit tous d’accord. Il me paraît essentiel qu’on s’écoute. Le débat démocratique ne plaît pas nécessairement à tout le monde, mais il exige que chacun puisse exprimer ses arguments avant de voter en conscience",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1193",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncafc89105361",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’invite mes collègues à garder le même niveau d’exigence que cet après-midi. Nous ne sommes pas là pour applaudir les arguments des uns et des autres ou se lancer des invectives hors micro. J’ai été assez choqué par l’accueil réservé aux arguments très concrets de Mme [PERSONNE]. Ces comportements n’ont pas leur place ici. J’aimerais qu’on soit tous aussi bons connaisseurs du sujet qu’elle l’est, ce qui n’implique pas qu’on soit tous d’accord. Il me paraît essentiel qu’on s’écoute. Le débat démocratique ne plaît pas nécessairement à tout le monde, mais il exige que chacun puisse exprimer ses arguments avant de voter en conscience"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718744",
   "speaker": "Delphine Bagarry",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Bagarry.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1194",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1194"
   ],
   "order": 1194,
   "text": "Le moment est grave. On parle de molécules qui ont un très large spectre et qui tueront beaucoup plus d’espèces que le puceron. Elles ont par ailleurs une forte rémanence et s’étendent sur une grande zone géographique. Elles affecteront de manière grave et irréversible le vivant",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1194",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9c99f5d1dce4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le moment est grave. On parle de molécules qui ont un très large spectre et qui tueront beaucoup plus d’espèces que le puceron. Elles ont par ailleurs une forte rémanence et s’étendent sur une grande zone géographique. Elles affecteront de manière grave et irréversible le vivant"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1195",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1195"
   ],
   "order": 1195,
   "text": "Le fait d’autoriser à nouveau le recours à plusieurs produits phytopharmaceutiques entraînera un recul de la transition écologique et ira à l’encontre du projet agroécologique que la France doit porter. On a évoqué les effets de ces produits sur les abeilles, la biodiversité ainsi que sur la qualité des sols et de l’eau, mais on a moins souligné leurs conséquences sur la santé humaine, qu’elles soient directes ou à plus long terme – je pense aux troubles neurologiques, au développement de cancers, à la suspicion de troubles autistiques et du développement. Par ailleurs, il est très regrettable, à nos yeux, que le ministère de la santé ne soit pas associé à la réflexion. Enfin, on aurait pu attendre la présentation du rapport de l’ANSES, au début de l’année prochaine, pour examiner le projet de loi",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1195",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N788bc802475a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPQV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le fait d’autoriser à nouveau le recours à plusieurs produits phytopharmaceutiques entraînera un recul de la transition écologique et ira à l’encontre du projet agroécologique que la France doit porter. On a évoqué les effets de ces produits sur les abeilles, la biodiversité ainsi que sur la qualité des sols et de l’eau, mais on a moins souligné leurs conséquences sur la santé humaine, qu’elles soient directes ou à plus long terme – je pense aux troubles neurologiques, au développement de cancers, à la suspicion de troubles autistiques et du développement. Par ailleurs, il est très regrettable, à nos yeux, que le ministère de la santé ne soit pas associé à la réflexion. Enfin, on aurait pu attendre la présentation du rapport de l’ANSES, au début de l’année prochaine, pour examiner le projet de loi"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719092",
   "speaker": "Frédérique Tuffnell",
   "quality": "Mme Frédérique Tuffnell.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1196",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1196"
   ],
   "order": 1196,
   "text": "Je pense ce soir à Mme Rachel Carson, auteure du Printemps silencieux : je crains que ce dernier ne soit éternel. L’amendement CD60 vise à supprimer le dispositif dérogatoire, car il fait courir un risque inacceptable aux abeilles et aux pollinisateurs",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1196",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne5e8442b7c49",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je pense ce soir à Mme Rachel Carson, auteure du Printemps silencieux : je crains que ce dernier ne soit éternel. L’amendement CD60 vise à supprimer le dispositif dérogatoire, car il fait courir un risque inacceptable aux abeilles et aux pollinisateurs"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1197",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1197"
   ],
   "order": 1197,
   "text": "Ces amendements visent à supprimer l’alinéa 3, qui prévoit la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Si cette interdiction doit demeurer le principe, la situation exceptionnelle de la filière de la betterave sucrière justifie l’octroi d’une dérogation restreinte. Par mon amendement CD71 rectifié, je proposerai ultérieurement de réduire le champ des cultures concernées par la dérogation. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à la suppression de cet alinéa",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1197",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc7c9d51a2c34",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements visent à supprimer l’alinéa 3, qui prévoit la possibilité de déroger à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Si cette interdiction doit demeurer le principe, la situation exceptionnelle de la filière de la betterave sucrière justifie l’octroi d’une dérogation restreinte. Par mon amendement CD71 rectifié, je proposerai ultérieurement de réduire le champ des cultures concernées par la dérogation. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à la suppression de cet alinéa"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1198",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1198",
    "1199",
    "1200"
   ],
   "order": 1198,
   "text": "Je souscris aux propos de M. Matthieu Orphelin sur la qualité de nos débats : nous avons eu, cet après-midi, des échanges de fond, parfois techniques. Malheureusement, ce n’est plus le cas ce soir. Madame Mathilde Panot, je me suis déjà exprimé sur les sujets que vous évoquez, mais vous vous trouviez alors dans l’hémicycle. Vous affirmez en particulier que d’autres solutions existent : je vous réponds que ce n’est pas le cas On entend une petite musique depuis le début de la réunion, selon laquelle certains auraient la protection de l’environnement chevillée au corps, tandis que d’autres feraient passer l’économie avant l’écologie. Cela m’est insupportable. Qui fait preuve de courage, ce soir ? Certains députés ont les valeurs environnementales chevillées au corps, se battent depuis des années pour elles, mais dressent le constat lucide, humble, que l’on se trouve dans une impasse. Si la filière ne passe pas l’hiver, si, demain, il n’y a plus de sucreries, on se trouvera bien seul pour mener la transition. Où est le courage, lorsqu’on présente des amendements en mettant ces problèmes de côté ? J’ai lu beaucoup des scientifiques que vous évoquez, madame Mathilde Panot – certains d’entre eux ont été mes professeurs. Parmi eux, un professeur émérite se demandait, dans une tribune publiée cet été, s’il ne valait pas mieux arrêter de cultiver pour le sucre en France. Le courage consiste-t-il à se dire que ce n’est pas grave, qu’on va laisser cultiver en Pologne, en Belgique ? Pouvez-vous me dire, en me regardant dans les yeux, que, dans deux ans, vous et vos proches arrêterez de manger du sucre ? Nous menons la transition agroécologique tout en ayant l’humilité de reconnaître que si 92 % des néonicotinoïdes sont interdits en France grâce à la loi de 2016, nous sommes dans l’impasse pour 8 % d’entre eux. Nous affrontons cette difficulté avec responsabilité et courage, avec la volonté de sauver 46 000 emplois. Qu’on le veuille ou non, la transition exige du temps, paramètre dont ni vous ni moi n’avons la maîtrise. Notre rôle est de mettre la pression pour essayer d’accélérer les choses, mais la nature est diablement compliquée : on ne sait pas, par exemple, où les insectes contractent le virus. Faire de la recherche agronomique, ce n’est pas mettre une drosophile dans une boîte de Petri mais semer des plantes dans des champs et attendre les résultats. Nous sommes les meilleurs au monde dans ce domaine, mais cela prend du temps. Le courage en politique, c’est d’affronter le temps. (Applaudissements.)",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 422,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1198",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N789fe1cc3b0f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je souscris aux propos de M. [PERSONNE] sur la qualité de nos débats : nous avons eu, cet après-midi, des échanges de fond, parfois techniques. Malheureusement, ce n’est plus le cas ce soir. Madame [PERSONNE], je me suis déjà exprimé sur les sujets que vous évoquez, mais vous vous trouviez alors dans l’hémicycle. Vous affirmez en particulier que d’autres solutions existent : je vous réponds que ce n’est pas le cas On entend une petite musique depuis le début de la réunion, selon laquelle certains auraient la protection de l’environnement chevillée au corps, tandis que d’autres feraient passer l’économie avant l’écologie. Cela m’est insupportable. Qui fait preuve de courage, ce soir ? Certains députés ont les valeurs environnementales chevillées au corps, se battent depuis des années pour elles, mais dressent le constat lucide, humble, que l’on se trouve dans une impasse. Si la filière ne passe pas l’hiver, si, demain, il n’y a plus de sucreries, on se trouvera bien seul pour mener la transition. Où est le courage, lorsqu’on présente des amendements en mettant ces problèmes de côté ? J’ai lu beaucoup des scientifiques que vous évoquez, madame [PERSONNE] – certains d’entre eux ont été mes professeurs. Parmi eux, un professeur émérite se demandait, dans une tribune publiée cet été, s’il ne valait pas mieux arrêter de cultiver pour le sucre en France. Le courage consiste-t-il à se dire que ce n’est pas grave, qu’on va laisser cultiver en Pologne, en Belgique ? Pouvez-vous me dire, en me regardant dans les yeux, que, dans deux ans, vous et vos proches arrêterez de manger du sucre ? Nous menons la transition agroécologique tout en ayant l’humilité de reconnaître que si 92 % des néonicotinoïdes sont interdits en France grâce à la loi de 2016, nous sommes dans l’impasse pour 8 % d’entre eux. Nous affrontons cette difficulté avec responsabilité et courage, avec la volonté de sauver 46 000 emplois. Qu’on le veuille ou non, la transition exige du temps, paramètre dont ni vous ni moi n’avons la maîtrise. Notre rôle est de mettre la pression pour essayer d’accélérer les choses, mais la nature est diablement compliquée : on ne sait pas, par exemple, où les insectes contractent le virus. Faire de la recherche agronomique, ce n’est pas mettre une drosophile dans une boîte de Petri mais semer des plantes dans des champs et attendre les résultats. Nous sommes les meilleurs au monde dans ce domaine, mais cela prend du temps. Le courage en politique, c’est d’affronter le temps. (Applaudissements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1201",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1201",
    "1202"
   ],
   "order": 1201,
   "text": "Il y a une semaine, lors de l’examen du projet de loi d’accélération et de simplification de l’action publique (ASAP), alors que nous évoquions le service public forestier, vous avez employé exactement le même procédé rhétorique. Vous contestiez le fait que nous étions du côté des forestiers et que vous poursuiviez d’autres objectifs. Vous êtes bel et bien en train d’autoriser des dérogations à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, dont on connaît scientifiquement les effets néfastes sur la biodiversité, les sols, les eaux, la santé humaine. Par cette rhétorique, vous tuez le débat politique, car vous n’assumez pas vos actes. C’est faire preuve de courage que d’exprimer son opposition, en confrontant ses arguments : c’est cela, le débat parlementaire Toutes les organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) environnementales, les apiculteurs, la Confédération paysanne, la Fédération nationale d’agriculture biologique des régions de France (FNAB) sont opposés au projet de loi. Nous ne contestons pas les difficultés économiques de la filière, mais celles-ci ne sont pas liées à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Le courage consiste à s’interroger sur ses choix, à se demander si on continue à promouvoir un modèle destructeur ou si on change de politique. En 2017, M. le Président de la République Emmanuel Macron écrivait dans un tweet que d’ici à trois ans, on n’utiliserait plus le glyphosate : on sait ce qu’il en est aujourd’hui. Vous nous dites, à nouveau, qu’on a besoin de temps, mais c’est dès maintenant qu’il faut accompagner les agriculteurs, leur octroyer des fonds, les former et faire en sorte qu’ils retrouvent leur dignité sans dépendre des pesticides et des insecticides. Il faut arrêter de développer un modèle qui se traduit par le suicide d’un paysan par jour. Mais peut-être contestez-vous ce chiffre, monsieur le ministre ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 288,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1201",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na3093091fc89",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a une semaine, lors de l’examen du projet de loi d’accélération et de simplification de l’action publique (ASAP), alors que nous évoquions le service public forestier, vous avez employé exactement le même procédé rhétorique. Vous contestiez le fait que nous étions du côté des forestiers et que vous poursuiviez d’autres objectifs. Vous êtes bel et bien en train d’autoriser des dérogations à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, dont on connaît scientifiquement les effets néfastes sur la biodiversité, les sols, les eaux, la santé humaine. Par cette rhétorique, vous tuez le débat politique, car vous n’assumez pas vos actes. C’est faire preuve de courage que d’exprimer son opposition, en confrontant ses arguments : c’est cela, le débat parlementaire Toutes les organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) environnementales, les apiculteurs, la Confédération paysanne, la Fédération nationale d’agriculture biologique des régions de France (FNAB) sont opposés au projet de loi. Nous ne contestons pas les difficultés économiques de la filière, mais celles-ci ne sont pas liées à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes. Le courage consiste à s’interroger sur ses choix, à se demander si on continue à promouvoir un modèle destructeur ou si on change de politique. En 2017, M. le Président de la République [PERSONNE] écrivait dans un tweet que d’ici à trois ans, on n’utiliserait plus le glyphosate : on sait ce qu’il en est aujourd’hui. Vous nous dites, à nouveau, qu’on a besoin de temps, mais c’est dès maintenant qu’il faut accompagner les agriculteurs, leur octroyer des fonds, les former et faire en sorte qu’ils retrouvent leur dignité sans dépendre des pesticides et des insecticides. Il faut arrêter de développer un modèle qui se traduit par le suicide d’un paysan par jour. Mais peut-être contestez-vous ce chiffre, monsieur le ministre ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1204",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1204",
    "1205",
    "1206"
   ],
   "order": 1204,
   "text": "Certains arguments ne me semblent pas recevables. La France ne court pas le risque de faire face à une pénurie de sucre. Au lieu de se référer à la moyenne des cinq dernières années, on peut comparer les pertes subies par les producteurs cette année à celles accusées en 2019 – également une année sèche – où elles ont atteint 8,5 %. On est donc très loin des chiffres spectaculaires annoncés. La récolte est estimée à ce jour à des niveaux comparables à ceux de 2015, alors même que l’on compte quatre sucreries en moins On n’a pas entendu le même concert d’inquiétudes – au demeurant, justifiées – au sujet de l’avenir des salariés des sucreries, des ouvriers et des agriculteurs lorsqu’ils ont subi de plein fouet les conséquences de la crise de surproduction consécutive à la suppression des quotas européens. Mettons à plat la situation de la filière, qui est dans une impasse car on lui demande de s’aligner sur le modèle dérégulé – insoutenable – de la concurrence internationale. Travaillons-y sérieusement. Étudions l’outil de la transformation industrielle. Demandons-nous pourquoi, face à l’augmentation de la demande des consommateurs en sucre bio, on en importe d’Allemagne, ce qui est un comble. Mettons tout cela à plat, mais pas sur le dos du vivant, des abeilles, des vers de terre, etc. L’amendement en discussion vise à revenir sur l’octroi de dérogations qui autoriseraient l’utilisation en France de produits interdits en Europe – car même l’Europe a reconnu leur dangerosité pour le vivant ! Cela nous paraît totalement inacceptable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 257,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1204",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N84c1d45fddb3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Certains arguments ne me semblent pas recevables. La France ne court pas le risque de faire face à une pénurie de sucre. Au lieu de se référer à la moyenne des cinq dernières années, on peut comparer les pertes subies par les producteurs cette année à celles accusées en 2019 – également une année sèche – où elles ont atteint 8,5 %. On est donc très loin des chiffres spectaculaires annoncés. La récolte est estimée à ce jour à des niveaux comparables à ceux de 2015, alors même que l’on compte quatre sucreries en moins On n’a pas entendu le même concert d’inquiétudes – au demeurant, justifiées – au sujet de l’avenir des salariés des sucreries, des ouvriers et des agriculteurs lorsqu’ils ont subi de plein fouet les conséquences de la crise de surproduction consécutive à la suppression des quotas européens. Mettons à plat la situation de la filière, qui est dans une impasse car on lui demande de s’aligner sur le modèle dérégulé – insoutenable – de la concurrence internationale. Travaillons-y sérieusement. Étudions l’outil de la transformation industrielle. Demandons-nous pourquoi, face à l’augmentation de la demande des consommateurs en sucre bio, on en importe d’Allemagne, ce qui est un comble. Mettons tout cela à plat, mais pas sur le dos du vivant, des abeilles, des vers de terre, etc. L’amendement en discussion vise à revenir sur l’octroi de dérogations qui autoriseraient l’utilisation en France de produits interdits en Europe – car même l’Europe a reconnu leur dangerosité pour le vivant ! Cela nous paraît totalement inacceptable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719806",
   "speaker": "Sophie Auconie",
   "quality": "Mme Sophie Auconie.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771889",
   "group": "UDI_I",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1207",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1207",
    "1208"
   ],
   "order": 1207,
   "text": "Personne, ici, n’a le monopole de l’environnement et de l’écologie. J’ai fondé l’Union des démocrates et indépendants (UDI) avec M. Jean-Louis Borloo qui, sous la présidence de M. Nicolas Sarkozy, a été le premier ministre de l’environnement à organiser un Grenelle de l’environnement, à poser des bases en la matière, à développer une vision de l’écologie. Je suis favorable à une écologie humaniste, qui n’oppose pas les territoires à l’enjeu environnemental La filière sucrière emploie directement 46 000 salariés et indirectement près de 100 000 personnes. Imaginons que nous prenions des décisions qui entraînent des suppressions d’emplois : vous seriez la première, madame Mathilde Panot, à soutenir les revendications de salariés manifestant devant une entreprise sucrière. Vous dénonceriez le fait que le Gouvernement n’ait rien fait pour soutenir l’emploi. Vous procédez toujours de la même façon, il y en a assez ! Vous n’avez pas le monopole de l’écologie. Je suis quelqu’un de responsable, je ne suis pas fière de ce que l’on est obligés d’accomplir aujourd’hui, mais un intérêt essentiel le commande. Regardons ensemble comment aller plus loin pour trouver d’autres solutions, mais cessez de vociférer et d’opposer les bons aux méchants.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 193,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1207",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne388aa322b1e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Personne, ici, n’a le monopole de l’environnement et de l’écologie. J’ai fondé l’[GROUPE] ([GROUPE]) avec M. [PERSONNE] qui, sous la présidence de M. Nicolas Sarkozy, a été le premier ministre de l’environnement à organiser un Grenelle de l’environnement, à poser des bases en la matière, à développer une vision de l’écologie. Je suis favorable à une écologie humaniste, qui n’oppose pas les territoires à l’enjeu environnemental La filière sucrière emploie directement 46 000 salariés et indirectement près de 100 000 personnes. Imaginons que nous prenions des décisions qui entraînent des suppressions d’emplois : vous seriez la première, madame [PERSONNE], à soutenir les revendications de salariés manifestant devant une entreprise sucrière. Vous dénonceriez le fait que le Gouvernement n’ait rien fait pour soutenir l’emploi. Vous procédez toujours de la même façon, il y en a assez ! Vous n’avez pas le monopole de l’écologie. Je suis quelqu’un de responsable, je ne suis pas fière de ce que l’on est obligés d’accomplir aujourd’hui, mais un intérêt essentiel le commande. Regardons ensemble comment aller plus loin pour trouver d’autres solutions, mais cessez de vociférer et d’opposer les bons aux méchants."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722336",
   "speaker": "Vincent Thiébaut",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Thiébaut.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1209",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1209"
   ],
   "order": 1209,
   "text": "Je ne supporte pas qu’on laisse croire que certains d’entre nous voudraient sauver le vivant tandis que d’autres désireraient le tuer, qu’on laisse à penser que nos agriculteurs sont des assassins qui n’aiment pas la nature. C’est bien ce que vous sous-entendez, c’est la petite musique que vous faites entendre. Madame Delphine Batho, vous prétendez que nous ouvrons la porte à tout",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1209",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf2351073da29",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne supporte pas qu’on laisse croire que certains d’entre nous voudraient sauver le vivant tandis que d’autres désireraient le tuer, qu’on laisse à penser que nos agriculteurs sont des assassins qui n’aiment pas la nature. C’est bien ce que vous sous-entendez, c’est la petite musique que vous faites entendre. Madame [PERSONNE], vous prétendez que nous ouvrons la porte à tout"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722336",
   "speaker": "Vincent Thiébaut",
   "quality": "M. Vincent Thiébaut.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1211",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1211",
    "1212"
   ],
   "order": 1211,
   "text": "Absolument pas ! L’alinéa 3 dispose clairement que des dérogations peuvent être appliquées jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023, dans les conditions prévues à l’article 53 du règlement européen. Nous agissons de la même manière que nos voisins. Quant à nos importations en provenance d’Allemagne, on sait que le bio ne recouvre pas tout à fait la même réalité en France et dans les autres pays européens. Il faudrait définir clairement la notion d’agriculture biologique Madame Mathilde Panot, vous êtes revenue sur le débat que nous avons eu la semaine dernière au sujet de l’Office national des forêts (ONF). Quand on veut mener une politique écologique responsable, il faut la conduire avec l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Vous avez essayé de nous faire croire, la semaine dernière, qu’on ne connaissait rien au sujet, et vous nous avez fait la morale. Je rappelle qu’il existe, au sein de notre assemblée, un groupe d’études dédié à la forêt, au bois, aux nouveaux usages et à l’industrie du bois, qui rassemble des députés de tous les groupes, mais auquel vous ne participez pas. Vous pourriez pourtant y rencontrer l’ensemble des acteurs de la filière et non pas seulement ceux qui vont dans votre sens.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 198,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1211",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9d95609eb867",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Absolument pas ! L’alinéa 3 dispose clairement que des dérogations peuvent être appliquées jusqu’au 1er juillet 2023, dans les conditions prévues à l’article 53 du règlement européen. Nous agissons de la même manière que nos voisins. Quant à nos importations en provenance d’Allemagne, on sait que le bio ne recouvre pas tout à fait la même réalité en France et dans les autres pays européens. Il faudrait définir clairement la notion d’agriculture biologique Madame [PERSONNE], vous êtes revenue sur le débat que nous avons eu la semaine dernière au sujet de l’Office national des forêts (ONF). Quand on veut mener une politique écologique responsable, il faut la conduire avec l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Vous avez essayé de nous faire croire, la semaine dernière, qu’on ne connaissait rien au sujet, et vous nous avez fait la morale. Je rappelle qu’il existe, au sein de notre assemblée, un groupe d’études dédié à la forêt, au bois, aux nouveaux usages et à l’industrie du bois, qui rassemble des députés de tous les groupes, mais auquel vous ne participez pas. Vous pourriez pourtant y rencontrer l’ensemble des acteurs de la filière et non pas seulement ceux qui vont dans votre sens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA267204",
   "speaker": "Jean-Marie Sermier",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Marie Sermier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730934",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1213",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1213",
    "1214"
   ],
   "order": 1213,
   "text": "Au sein du groupe LR, nous voterons évidemment contre l’amendement. Nous souhaitons renforcer la protection de l’environnement, ce qui ne peut se faire qu’à un rythme acceptable par la société. Certains voudraient aller plus vite. On souhaite toujours que les autres professions avancent plus rapidement que soi. En l’occurrence, il est un peu facile de le demander aux agriculteurs, qui n’ont cessé d’accomplir des efforts depuis 1945. Toutes les études convergent pour reconnaître que notre alimentation est bien meilleure, en termes de qualité gustative et sanitaire et de traçabilité, qu’elle ne l’était il y a dix, vingt ou trente ans, et qu’elle est meilleure en France que dans beaucoup d’autres pays du monde – certains estiment qu’elle occupe le premier rang. Les agriculteurs ont fait un travail formidable. Il faut les aider à avancer J’ai combattu l’interdiction des insecticides néonicotinoïdes posée par la loi de 2016, mais je reconnais qu’elle a permis une certaine prise de conscience. Il faut toutefois éviter que des professionnels se retrouvent la tête sur l’échafaud, faute de solutions techniques. Parce que nous sommes tous favorables à l’environnement, il faut accepter que nous avancions tous au même rythme. Si nous ne trouvons pas de nouvelles solutions, 26 000 agriculteurs s’orienteront peut-être, demain, dans une autre voie : nous n’aurions plus, alors, de filière betteravière, donc plus de filière sucrière. Peut-être les 20 000 personnels des sucreries trouveraient-ils un autre emploi mais, en tout état de cause, nous serions contraints d’importer auprès de nos amis et partenaires européens la totalité du sucre que nous consommons. J’ai toujours considéré que l’écologie avançait si elle était solidaire. Nous devons manifester cette solidarité avec les Polonais, les Allemands, les Belges. Nous devons avancer au même rythme, en tirant parti des mêmes atouts.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 292,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1213",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N49f676d2c25f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au sein du groupe [GROUPE], nous voterons évidemment contre l’amendement. Nous souhaitons renforcer la protection de l’environnement, ce qui ne peut se faire qu’à un rythme acceptable par la société. Certains voudraient aller plus vite. On souhaite toujours que les autres professions avancent plus rapidement que soi. En l’occurrence, il est un peu facile de le demander aux agriculteurs, qui n’ont cessé d’accomplir des efforts depuis 1945. Toutes les études convergent pour reconnaître que notre alimentation est bien meilleure, en termes de qualité gustative et sanitaire et de traçabilité, qu’elle ne l’était il y a dix, vingt ou trente ans, et qu’elle est meilleure en France que dans beaucoup d’autres pays du monde – certains estiment qu’elle occupe le premier rang. Les agriculteurs ont fait un travail formidable. Il faut les aider à avancer J’ai combattu l’interdiction des insecticides néonicotinoïdes posée par la loi de 2016, mais je reconnais qu’elle a permis une certaine prise de conscience. Il faut toutefois éviter que des professionnels se retrouvent la tête sur l’échafaud, faute de solutions techniques. Parce que nous sommes tous favorables à l’environnement, il faut accepter que nous avancions tous au même rythme. Si nous ne trouvons pas de nouvelles solutions, 26 000 agriculteurs s’orienteront peut-être, demain, dans une autre voie : nous n’aurions plus, alors, de filière betteravière, donc plus de filière sucrière. Peut-être les 20 000 personnels des sucreries trouveraient-ils un autre emploi mais, en tout état de cause, nous serions contraints d’importer auprès de nos amis et partenaires européens la totalité du sucre que nous consommons. J’ai toujours considéré que l’écologie avançait si elle était solidaire. Nous devons manifester cette solidarité avec les Polonais, les Allemands, les Belges. Nous devons avancer au même rythme, en tirant parti des mêmes atouts."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722110",
   "speaker": "Hubert Wulfranc",
   "quality": "M. Hubert Wulfranc.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730940",
   "group": "GDR",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1215",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1215"
   ],
   "order": 1215,
   "text": "On part d’un constat terrible : la filière, dites-vous, monsieur le ministre, ne passerait pas l’hiver. À partir de là, au vu des données économiques que vous avancez et de l’enjeu écologique, un tel débat, mené dans l’urgence, ne peut satisfaire la représentation nationale. Par ailleurs, M. Charles de Courson nous a dit que nous prenions une lourde responsabilité car, selon lui, nous faisons courir un risque de faillite à 26 000 exploitants agricoles, ce qui pourrait mettre au chômage 46 000 personnes, dont 20 000 salariés. Nos agriculteurs peuvent assurer, pendant un certain temps, une reconversion culturale pour surmonter les difficultés conjoncturelles que vous vous efforcez de combattre par la recherche et des mesures annexes. Plusieurs des vingt et une sucreries françaises éprouvaient, avant la crise, des difficultés, mais votre gouvernement refuse d’écouter les propositions de mutation et de diversification industrielle. À titre d’exemple, la sucrerie du Puy-de-Dôme, à laquelle a fait référence tout à l’heure Mme Christine Pires Beaune, avait la capacité d’engager une telle mutation. Il y a là un gisement d’intelligence qui permettrait, dans le cadre d’un plan d’accompagnement, de surmonter cette période difficile sans avoir recours à la disposition qui nous est proposée. Contrairement à ce qu’a dit M. Vincent Thiébaut, nous n’affirmons pas que les agriculteurs sont de terribles individus qui attirent toutes les misères du monde. Mais, demain, l’opinion publique mettra les betteraviers au pilori, ce qui est terrible pour la profession",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 239,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1215",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8aa118e09870",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BE",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On part d’un constat terrible : la filière, dites-vous, monsieur le ministre, ne passerait pas l’hiver. À partir de là, au vu des données économiques que vous avancez et de l’enjeu écologique, un tel débat, mené dans l’urgence, ne peut satisfaire la représentation nationale. Par ailleurs, M. [PERSONNE] nous a dit que nous prenions une lourde responsabilité car, selon lui, nous faisons courir un risque de faillite à 26 000 exploitants agricoles, ce qui pourrait mettre au chômage 46 000 personnes, dont 20 000 salariés. Nos agriculteurs peuvent assurer, pendant un certain temps, une reconversion culturale pour surmonter les difficultés conjoncturelles que vous vous efforcez de combattre par la recherche et des mesures annexes. Plusieurs des vingt et une sucreries françaises éprouvaient, avant la crise, des difficultés, mais votre gouvernement refuse d’écouter les propositions de mutation et de diversification industrielle. À titre d’exemple, la sucrerie du Puy-de-Dôme, à laquelle a fait référence tout à l’heure Mme Christine Pires Beaune, avait la capacité d’engager une telle mutation. Il y a là un gisement d’intelligence qui permettrait, dans le cadre d’un plan d’accompagnement, de surmonter cette période difficile sans avoir recours à la disposition qui nous est proposée. Contrairement à ce qu’a dit M. [PERSONNE], nous n’affirmons pas que les agriculteurs sont de terribles individus qui attirent toutes les misères du monde. Mais, demain, l’opinion publique mettra les betteraviers au pilori, ce qui est terrible pour la profession"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1224",
    "1225",
    "1226"
   ],
   "order": 1224,
   "text": "Discréditer une personne plutôt que de répondre à ses arguments n’est pas le signe d’une grande qualité de débat. J’aimerais qu’on me réponde au sujet du grand nombre d’études scientifiques qui ont été publiées sur cette question, ainsi que de l’impasse technique induite par la résistance croissante des pucerons aux néonicotinoïdes. Je souhaiterais également qu’on évite de caricaturer mes propos et qu’on ne me fasse pas dire que les agriculteurs seraient des « assassins » : jamais personne n’a dit ça, et je ne le dirai jamais. Les agriculteurs ont dû se conformer à un modèle qu’ils n’ont pas choisi. Il faut les accompagner dans la voie de l’agriculture paysanne et écologique et créer de nouveaux emplois J’ai eu l’occasion de soutenir les sous-traitants nucléaires – bien qu’étant antinucléaire – et de leur expliquer que nous pouvons porter des projets écologiques qui prennent en considération l’humain. Je pense que nous pouvons tous nous retrouver sur la dimension humaniste. L’amendement CD17 a pour objet de supprimer la première phrase de l’alinéa 3. Il ne faut pas ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. Si on accordait cette dérogation, cela conduirait d’autres filières, notamment celle du maïs, à introduire une demande similaire. Il faudrait alors m’expliquer, monsieur le ministre, chers collègues, comment vous justifieriez une fin de non-recevoir.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 214,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1224",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na92d3dcdf864",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Discréditer une personne plutôt que de répondre à ses arguments n’est pas le signe d’une grande qualité de débat. J’aimerais qu’on me réponde au sujet du grand nombre d’études scientifiques qui ont été publiées sur cette question, ainsi que de l’impasse technique induite par la résistance croissante des pucerons aux néonicotinoïdes. Je souhaiterais également qu’on évite de caricaturer mes propos et qu’on ne me fasse pas dire que les agriculteurs seraient des « assassins » : jamais personne n’a dit ça, et je ne le dirai jamais. Les agriculteurs ont dû se conformer à un modèle qu’ils n’ont pas choisi. Il faut les accompagner dans la voie de l’agriculture paysanne et écologique et créer de nouveaux emplois J’ai eu l’occasion de soutenir les sous-traitants nucléaires – bien qu’étant antinucléaire – et de leur expliquer que nous pouvons porter des projets écologiques qui prennent en considération l’humain. Je pense que nous pouvons tous nous retrouver sur la dimension humaniste. L’amendement CD17 a pour objet de supprimer la première phrase de l’alinéa 3. Il ne faut pas ouvrir la boîte de Pandore. Si on accordait cette dérogation, cela conduirait d’autres filières, notamment celle du maïs, à introduire une demande similaire. Il faudrait alors m’expliquer, monsieur le ministre, chers collègues, comment vous justifieriez une fin de non-recevoir."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1227",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1227"
   ],
   "order": 1227,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer la première phrase de l’alinéa 3, qui autorise l’octroi de dérogations. Comme je l’ai déjà expliqué, la situation exceptionnelle de la filière de la betterave sucrière justifie l’octroi d’une dérogation restreinte. L’un de mes amendements aura pour objet de réduire le champ de la dérogation. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à l’amendement CD17",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1227",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5f0a40cb07b5",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à supprimer la première phrase de l’alinéa 3, qui autorise l’octroi de dérogations. Comme je l’ai déjà expliqué, la situation exceptionnelle de la filière de la betterave sucrière justifie l’octroi d’une dérogation restreinte. L’un de mes amendements aura pour objet de réduire le champ de la dérogation. C’est pourquoi je suis défavorable à l’amendement CD17"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1228",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1228",
    "1229"
   ],
   "order": 1228,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Madame Mathilde Panot, nous partageons la même passion pour le débat de fond. Comme je vous l’ai indiqué tout à l’heure, la betterave présente deux spécificités qui la distinguent du maïs : elle n’est pas mellifère et ne dépend pas d’un outil industriel. Je ne reformulerai pas toutes les explications que j’ai apportées pendant que vous étiez dans l’hémicycle – si vous le souhaitez, je pourrai vous les apporter par la suite Monsieur Hubert Wulfranc, avec l’expression « ne pas passer l’hiver », couramment employée dans mon territoire, je ne pensais pas particulièrement à l’hiver prochain mais, de façon plus générale, j’évoquais l’hypothèse dans laquelle la filière ne pourrait continuer son activité bien longtemps.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 116,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1228",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4e6749539dae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Madame [PERSONNE], nous partageons la même passion pour le débat de fond. Comme je vous l’ai indiqué tout à l’heure, la betterave présente deux spécificités qui la distinguent du maïs : elle n’est pas mellifère et ne dépend pas d’un outil industriel. Je ne reformulerai pas toutes les explications que j’ai apportées pendant que vous étiez dans l’hémicycle – si vous le souhaitez, je pourrai vous les apporter par la suite Monsieur [PERSONNE], avec l’expression « ne pas passer l’hiver », couramment employée dans mon territoire, je ne pensais pas particulièrement à l’hiver prochain mais, de façon plus générale, j’évoquais l’hypothèse dans laquelle la filière ne pourrait continuer son activité bien longtemps."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719972",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Sarles",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Sarles.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1234",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1234"
   ],
   "order": 1234,
   "text": "Je voudrais revenir sur les propos qu’a récemment tenus la ministre de la transition écologique sur le projet de loi. Mme Barbara Pompili considère – à juste titre, me semble-t-il – que nous partageons la responsabilité de la situation actuelle, qui nous oblige à adopter ce texte. La filière ne s’est pas assez organisée pour assurer la transition dans laquelle elle devait s’engager depuis 2018. Le Gouvernement, quant à lui, n’a pas donné à la science le moyen d’accompagner la filière. Enfin, les parlementaires n’ont pas assuré leur mission de contrôle",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 91,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1234",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nfc783470d9dd",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais revenir sur les propos qu’a récemment tenus la ministre de la transition écologique sur le projet de loi. Mme [PERSONNE] considère – à juste titre, me semble-t-il – que nous partageons la responsabilité de la situation actuelle, qui nous oblige à adopter ce texte. La filière ne s’est pas assez organisée pour assurer la transition dans laquelle elle devait s’engager depuis 2018. Le Gouvernement, quant à lui, n’a pas donné à la science le moyen d’accompagner la filière. Enfin, les parlementaires n’ont pas assuré leur mission de contrôle"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719972",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Sarles",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Sarles.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1236",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1236"
   ],
   "order": 1236,
   "text": "Peut-être n’avons-nous pas les moyens suffisants ? Toujours est-il que – je le dis à contrecœur – nous allons devoir à nouveau autoriser l’utilisation de certains néonicotinoïdes, alors que nous les jugeons néfastes pour l’environnement et que nous nous étions réjouis des avancées précédemment obtenues. Par l’amendement CD44, je souhaite réduire d’un an la durée de la dérogation, en ramenant son terme à 2022. Nous pourrions ainsi assumer cette mesure jusqu’à la fin de notre mandat, à charge pour la prochaine Assemblée de se pencher à nouveau sur la question. Deux campagnes, cela paraît court, à l’échelle du temps agricole, mais ce sujet est à l’ordre du jour depuis longtemps déjà",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 111,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1236",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9b3a8b6d14b4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Peut-être n’avons-nous pas les moyens suffisants ? Toujours est-il que – je le dis à contrecœur – nous allons devoir à nouveau autoriser l’utilisation de certains néonicotinoïdes, alors que nous les jugeons néfastes pour l’environnement et que nous nous étions réjouis des avancées précédemment obtenues. Par l’amendement CD44, je souhaite réduire d’un an la durée de la dérogation, en ramenant son terme à 2022. Nous pourrions ainsi assumer cette mesure jusqu’à la fin de notre mandat, à charge pour la prochaine Assemblée de se pencher à nouveau sur la question. Deux campagnes, cela paraît court, à l’échelle du temps agricole, mais ce sujet est à l’ordre du jour depuis longtemps déjà"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1237",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1237"
   ],
   "order": 1237,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à raccourcir la durée des dérogations, en ramenant leur terme de 2023 à 2022. Je comprends votre objectif, mais cette solution n’est pas exempte d’inconvénients. Je ne suis pas sûre que, d’ici à 2022, l’on ait trouvé des solutions alternatives. L’échéance de 2023 me semble plus raisonnable au vu des programmes de recherche en cours. Si d’autres voies étaient trouvées avant 2023, le Gouvernement a indiqué qu’il n’autoriserait plus de dérogations. Il me semble donc préférable de conserver la rédaction actuelle, tout en prévoyant d’autres garanties, telles que les restrictions apportées aux dérogations, l’adoption de plans de prévention ou la plantation de haies. Je vous demande donc de retirer l’amendement",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1237",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N95c0d339a338",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à raccourcir la durée des dérogations, en ramenant leur terme de 2023 à 2022. Je comprends votre objectif, mais cette solution n’est pas exempte d’inconvénients. Je ne suis pas sûre que, d’ici à 2022, l’on ait trouvé des solutions alternatives. L’échéance de 2023 me semble plus raisonnable au vu des programmes de recherche en cours. Si d’autres voies étaient trouvées avant 2023, le Gouvernement a indiqué qu’il n’autoriserait plus de dérogations. Il me semble donc préférable de conserver la rédaction actuelle, tout en prévoyant d’autres garanties, telles que les restrictions apportées aux dérogations, l’adoption de plans de prévention ou la plantation de haies. Je vous demande donc de retirer l’amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1238",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1238",
    "1239"
   ],
   "order": 1238,
   "text": "Je salue vos propos, madame Nathalie Sarles : il me paraît essentiel que chacun assume sa part de responsabilité. Quant au fond, je ne suis pas favorable à la réduction de la durée de la dérogation, pour deux raisons. Premièrement, la recherche agronomique nécessite la conduite d’expérimentations in vivo, qui ne pourraient être menées si, au cours d’un prochain hiver, les conditions climatiques souhaitées n’étaient pas réunies. Trois voies de recherche sont actuellement privilégiées. La première est la description des phénotypes de l’ensemble des semences qui seront ensuite plantées et testées. La deuxième est le bio-contrôle, qui implique notamment les coccinelles et nécessite la réalisation de tests par l’ajout de haies, ce qui nécessite du temps. La troisième est la mise en œuvre de pratiques agronomiques, telle la réduction de la taille des parcelles. Un expert de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE) montre qu’en limitant les parcelles à quatre hectares, on fait perdre le sens de l’orientation au puceron. Il est possible que les trois années prévues soient nécessaires pour mener à bien ces recherches Deuxièmement, si l’on trouvait la solution avant, ce que je souhaite profondément, je n’aurais plus le droit d’utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen. Selon cette disposition, en effet, l’application d’une dérogation n’est possible qu’en raison d’un danger qui « ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ».",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 228,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1238",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N97a7f85265d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue vos propos, madame [PERSONNE] : il me paraît essentiel que chacun assume sa part de responsabilité. Quant au fond, je ne suis pas favorable à la réduction de la durée de la dérogation, pour deux raisons. Premièrement, la recherche agronomique nécessite la conduite d’expérimentations in vivo, qui ne pourraient être menées si, au cours d’un prochain hiver, les conditions climatiques souhaitées n’étaient pas réunies. Trois voies de recherche sont actuellement privilégiées. La première est la description des phénotypes de l’ensemble des semences qui seront ensuite plantées et testées. La deuxième est le bio-contrôle, qui implique notamment les coccinelles et nécessite la réalisation de tests par l’ajout de haies, ce qui nécessite du temps. La troisième est la mise en œuvre de pratiques agronomiques, telle la réduction de la taille des parcelles. Un expert de l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE) montre qu’en limitant les parcelles à quatre hectares, on fait perdre le sens de l’orientation au puceron. Il est possible que les trois années prévues soient nécessaires pour mener à bien ces recherches Deuxièmement, si l’on trouvait la solution avant, ce que je souhaite profondément, je n’aurais plus le droit d’utiliser l’article 53 du règlement européen. Selon cette disposition, en effet, l’application d’une dérogation n’est possible qu’en raison d’un danger qui « ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables »."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1240",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1240",
    "1241"
   ],
   "order": 1240,
   "text": "Aucun de nous n’a le monopole de la conscience environnementale : l’écologie est un bien commun. Nous devons pouvoir nous exprimer sur ce sujet sans recevoir d’invectives. Ce n’est pas de gaieté de cœur que nous examinons ce texte qui est justifié par la force majeure. Je me réjouis que nous ayons un ministre de l’agriculture qui connaît ses dossiers, sait faire de la politique et est en mesure d’éclairer des décisions courageuses par des explications scientifiques – alors que certains utilisent la science pour justifier ce qu’ils veulent Je soutiens l’amendement de Mme Nathalie Sarles, comme une grande partie des membres du groupe La République en Marche qui l’ont cosigné. Nous pensons en effet qu’il correspond au temps politique du mandat parlementaire. Il permettrait de couvrir deux campagnes de semences. Je rappelle qu’on ne pourrait appliquer de dérogation à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes qu’à des conditions climatiques particulières – des températures hivernales très douces favorables au développement des pucerons. Si plusieurs hivers rigoureux se succédaient, cela nous mettrait tous d’accord. Quoi qu’il en soit, il me paraît essentiel d’affirmer, par cet amendement, le principe de la responsabilité politique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 188,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1240",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N40a9e08ca3fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Aucun de nous n’a le monopole de la conscience environnementale : l’écologie est un bien commun. Nous devons pouvoir nous exprimer sur ce sujet sans recevoir d’invectives. Ce n’est pas de gaieté de cœur que nous examinons ce texte qui est justifié par la force majeure. Je me réjouis que nous ayons un ministre de l’agriculture qui connaît ses dossiers, sait faire de la politique et est en mesure d’éclairer des décisions courageuses par des explications scientifiques – alors que certains utilisent la science pour justifier ce qu’ils veulent Je soutiens l’amendement de Mme [PERSONNE], comme une grande partie des membres du groupe [GROUPE] qui l’ont cosigné. Nous pensons en effet qu’il correspond au temps politique du mandat parlementaire. Il permettrait de couvrir deux campagnes de semences. Je rappelle qu’on ne pourrait appliquer de dérogation à l’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes qu’à des conditions climatiques particulières – des températures hivernales très douces favorables au développement des pucerons. Si plusieurs hivers rigoureux se succédaient, cela nous mettrait tous d’accord. Quoi qu’il en soit, il me paraît essentiel d’affirmer, par cet amendement, le principe de la responsabilité politique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1242",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1242",
    "1243",
    "1244",
    "1245",
    "1246"
   ],
   "order": 1242,
   "text": "Pour prolonger les propos de M. Jean-Luc Fugit, nous ne considérons pas que ce débat appartient à un camp. Il est au contraire transpartisan, par essence, puisqu’il traite de la survie du vivant L’entomofaune, qui a peut-être mauvaise réputation car elle regroupe de petits animaux qui piquent, grattent ou dont les bruits nous gênent, est indispensable au fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Or elle s’est effondrée de 85 %. Nous appelons tout le monde à rejoindre le combat pour le maintien de la biodiversité, un cas de force majeure, s’il en est. L’Assemblée nationale ne peut pas à la fois applaudir M. Nicolas Hulot lorsqu’il dit avoir honte devant les études scientifiques révélant la disparition de 85 % des insectes et d’un tiers des oiseaux, et réautoriser les néonicotinoïdes en France. Cela n’est pas compatible. L’amendement part d’une bonne intention, celle de limiter les dégâts. Nous allons plus loin en disant que les dégâts ne sont plus acceptables. Les néonicotinoïdes sont des substances incontrôlables dans le temps et dans l’espace. Il s’agit non pas d’en appliquer un an de moins, sur une surface plus réduite ou dans une filière en moins, mais de ne plus en mettre du tout, car nous savons qu’ils sont un poison mortifère. Quand on sait qu’un médicament tue, on l’arrête. C’est le cas pour les néonicotinoïdes. Si nous saluons l’intention de l’amendement, nous ne pensons pas qu’un moindre mal serait acceptable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 234,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1242",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndfbff09b75ae",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour prolonger les propos de M. [PERSONNE], nous ne considérons pas que ce débat appartient à un camp. Il est au contraire transpartisan, par essence, puisqu’il traite de la survie du vivant L’entomofaune, qui a peut-être mauvaise réputation car elle regroupe de petits animaux qui piquent, grattent ou dont les bruits nous gênent, est indispensable au fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Or elle s’est effondrée de 85 %. Nous appelons tout le monde à rejoindre le combat pour le maintien de la biodiversité, un cas de force majeure, s’il en est. L’Assemblée nationale ne peut pas à la fois applaudir M. [PERSONNE] lorsqu’il dit avoir honte devant les études scientifiques révélant la disparition de 85 % des insectes et d’un tiers des oiseaux, et réautoriser les néonicotinoïdes en France. Cela n’est pas compatible. L’amendement part d’une bonne intention, celle de limiter les dégâts. Nous allons plus loin en disant que les dégâts ne sont plus acceptables. Les néonicotinoïdes sont des substances incontrôlables dans le temps et dans l’espace. Il s’agit non pas d’en appliquer un an de moins, sur une surface plus réduite ou dans une filière en moins, mais de ne plus en mettre du tout, car nous savons qu’ils sont un poison mortifère. Quand on sait qu’un médicament tue, on l’arrête. C’est le cas pour les néonicotinoïdes. Si nous saluons l’intention de l’amendement, nous ne pensons pas qu’un moindre mal serait acceptable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605084",
   "speaker": "Jacques Krabal",
   "quality": "M. Jacques Krabal.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1250",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1250",
    "1251",
    "1252",
    "1253",
    "1254",
    "1255",
    "1256"
   ],
   "order": 1250,
   "text": "Il n’y a pas de donneur de leçon d’un côté ou de l’autre. Nous sommes tous responsables, d’autant que, pour ce qui me concerne, j’ai voté la loi de 2016 car je connais la dangerosité de tels produits Suivant les scientifiques, nous ne remettons pas en cause la nocivité des néonicotinoïdes – cela ne serait ni responsable ni digne, puisque la loi de 2016 a permis des avancées, notamment en interdisant 90 % d’entre eux. Nous sommes en 2020. Pour tirer les conséquences de ce qui s’est passé, je suis un homme non pas instrumentalisé mais libre et responsable. Si nous ne votons pas cette dérogation – j’ai bien entendu les débats concernant les indemnisations –, nous contribuerons à stigmatiser les agriculteurs dans nos territoires, où ils sont déjà montrés du doigt. J’habite l’Aisne, premier département de France en matière de betteraves. Les agriculteurs qui veulent continuer à y cultiver la terre ont fait d’énormes progrès, mais il faudra plusieurs années pour que la rotation soit complète ou que les haies poussent. Nous devons donc les soutenir dans leur démarche. Dans l’Aisne, nombre d’entre eux considèrent qu’il est nécessaire d’abandonner le plus vite possible les néonicotinoïdes. Par ailleurs, nous ne devons pas oublier les sucriers car sans betteraves, il n’y a plus de sucrerie. Je n’entrerai pas dans le débat opposant les défenseurs de l’environnement à ceux de l’emploi et de la souveraineté. Certains voteront contre cette loi, alors qu’ils sont également pour la souveraineté alimentaire. Nous devons garder notre souveraineté dans la production de sucre car il est inimaginable d’importer la totalité de la consommation française. Au lendemain de la crise sanitaire, nous avons beaucoup entendu dire qu’il fallait relocaliser pour accroître notre indépendance industrielle. La betterave, cela a été dit, fournit non seulement le sucre, mais aussi une part de bioéthanol, le gel hydroalcoolique, que nous vendons dans le monde entier, ainsi que certains médicaments. Nous ne sommes pas prêts à laisser partir un pan entier d’une industrie indispensable. La sucrerie de Bucy-le-Long, par exemple, emploie 170 salariés, avec 15 emplois indirects pour un sur le site. C’est pourquoi il faut tout mettre en œuvre pour créer rapidement d’autres produits. Cinq millions d’euros sont prévus pour cela mais nous devons aller vite.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
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   "words": 374,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1250",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N64f6aa4eaa89",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’y a pas de donneur de leçon d’un côté ou de l’autre. Nous sommes tous responsables, d’autant que, pour ce qui me concerne, j’ai voté la loi de 2016 car je connais la dangerosité de tels produits Suivant les scientifiques, nous ne remettons pas en cause la nocivité des néonicotinoïdes – cela ne serait ni responsable ni digne, puisque la loi de 2016 a permis des avancées, notamment en interdisant 90 % d’entre eux. Nous sommes en 2020. Pour tirer les conséquences de ce qui s’est passé, je suis un homme non pas instrumentalisé mais libre et responsable. Si nous ne votons pas cette dérogation – j’ai bien entendu les débats concernant les indemnisations –, nous contribuerons à stigmatiser les agriculteurs dans nos territoires, où ils sont déjà montrés du doigt. J’habite l’Aisne, premier département de France en matière de betteraves. Les agriculteurs qui veulent continuer à y cultiver la terre ont fait d’énormes progrès, mais il faudra plusieurs années pour que la rotation soit complète ou que les haies poussent. Nous devons donc les soutenir dans leur démarche. Dans l’Aisne, nombre d’entre eux considèrent qu’il est nécessaire d’abandonner le plus vite possible les néonicotinoïdes. Par ailleurs, nous ne devons pas oublier les sucriers car sans betteraves, il n’y a plus de sucrerie. Je n’entrerai pas dans le débat opposant les défenseurs de l’environnement à ceux de l’emploi et de la souveraineté. Certains voteront contre cette loi, alors qu’ils sont également pour la souveraineté alimentaire. Nous devons garder notre souveraineté dans la production de sucre car il est inimaginable d’importer la totalité de la consommation française. Au lendemain de la crise sanitaire, nous avons beaucoup entendu dire qu’il fallait relocaliser pour accroître notre indépendance industrielle. La betterave, cela a été dit, fournit non seulement le sucre, mais aussi une part de bioéthanol, le gel hydroalcoolique, que nous vendons dans le monde entier, ainsi que certains médicaments. Nous ne sommes pas prêts à laisser partir un pan entier d’une industrie indispensable. La sucrerie de Bucy-le-Long, par exemple, emploie 170 salariés, avec 15 emplois indirects pour un sur le site. C’est pourquoi il faut tout mettre en œuvre pour créer rapidement d’autres produits. Cinq millions d’euros sont prévus pour cela mais nous devons aller vite."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA605084",
   "speaker": "Jacques Krabal",
   "quality": "M. Jacques Krabal.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1258",
    "1259"
   ],
   "order": 1258,
   "text": "S’agissant du blé, par exemple, l’époxiconazole, mis sur le marché en 2013, a été interdit en 2019. Pourtant, grâce à la science, tous les céréaliers ont réussi à trouver d’autres solutions. Cela prend toutefois du temps Nous devons donc soutenir l’amendement et voter le projet de loi, afin d’obtenir cette dérogation pour nos agriculteurs : elle est l’un des éléments de la souveraineté française.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1258",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N73136aab6297",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "S’agissant du blé, par exemple, l’époxiconazole, mis sur le marché en 2013, a été interdit en 2019. Pourtant, grâce à la science, tous les céréaliers ont réussi à trouver d’autres solutions. Cela prend toutefois du temps Nous devons donc soutenir l’amendement et voter le projet de loi, afin d’obtenir cette dérogation pour nos agriculteurs : elle est l’un des éléments de la souveraineté française."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1260",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1260",
    "1261"
   ],
   "order": 1260,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à raccourcir la durée de la dérogation, un objectif que je partage, ainsi que le Gouvernement. Les dérogations ne seront pas systématiques : elles ne seront pas consenties si une autre solution existe Cependant, la mention, dans votre amendement, d’« alternatives permettant de lutter de façon suffisamment efficace » est floue, ce qui pose un problème de clarté de la loi. Aussi, je vous invite à retirer l’amendement pour le retravailler en vue de la séance publique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 79,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1260",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6ad17589b947",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à raccourcir la durée de la dérogation, un objectif que je partage, ainsi que le Gouvernement. Les dérogations ne seront pas systématiques : elles ne seront pas consenties si une autre solution existe Cependant, la mention, dans votre amendement, d’« alternatives permettant de lutter de façon suffisamment efficace » est floue, ce qui pose un problème de clarté de la loi. Aussi, je vous invite à retirer l’amendement pour le retravailler en vue de la séance publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1262",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1262",
    "1263"
   ],
   "order": 1262,
   "text": "Le règlement européen dispose déjà que si une autre solution remédie au risque sanitaire, l’article 53 ne peut être utilisé. Je vous propose donc de retirer l’amendement, qui est satisfait, afin que je puisse vous apporter tous les éléments d’éclairage en amont du débat dans l’hémicycle L’amendement CD56 est retiré.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1262",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ndb35dfbc04ee",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le règlement européen dispose déjà que si une autre solution remédie au risque sanitaire, l’article 53 ne peut être utilisé. Je vous propose donc de retirer l’amendement, qui est satisfait, afin que je puisse vous apporter tous les éléments d’éclairage en amont du débat dans l’hémicycle L’amendement CD56 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1267",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1267"
   ],
   "order": 1267,
   "text": "Je partage l’objectif de votre amendement qui restreint les dérogations aux situations d’urgence. Il est satisfait car le projet de loi renvoie à l’article 53 du règlement européen concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui limite les dérogations à « un usage limité et contrôlé lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». En conséquence, je vous propose de le retirer",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1267",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N67e9f93e6df1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage l’objectif de votre amendement qui restreint les dérogations aux situations d’urgence. Il est satisfait car le projet de loi renvoie à l’article 53 du règlement européen concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, qui limite les dérogations à « un usage limité et contrôlé lorsqu’une telle mesure s’impose en raison d’un danger qui ne peut être maîtrisé par d’autres moyens raisonnables ». En conséquence, je vous propose de le retirer"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1274",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1274",
    "1275",
    "1276",
    "1277"
   ],
   "order": 1274,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à restreindre le champ des dérogations prévues par la loi afin de limiter leur impact environnemental. Si nous ne pouvons pas inscrire dans la loi le mot « betterave » sans risquer une censure du Conseil constitutionnel, il est en revanche possible de limiter les dérogations pour des motifs d’intérêt général, en lien avec l’objet du projet de loi L’amendement prévoit donc de restreindre les dérogations « pour la culture de végétaux dont la récolte intervient avant le début de leur période de floraison et dont la consommation humaine n’est possible qu’après leur transformation industrielle », ce qui entraîne la dépendance économique de toute une filière. Le cumul des deux critères restreint la dérogation aux betteraves. Cette rédaction permettra de respecter le principe d’égalité car les dérogations seront justifiées par deux motifs d’intérêt général : la réduction de l’impact environnemental, pour le critère de floraison, et la conciliation de l’enjeu environnemental avec la préservation d’une industrie, pour celui visant la transformation industrielle. L’amendement CD31 est retiré.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 169,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1274",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6be9295830af",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à restreindre le champ des dérogations prévues par la loi afin de limiter leur impact environnemental. Si nous ne pouvons pas inscrire dans la loi le mot « betterave » sans risquer une censure du Conseil constitutionnel, il est en revanche possible de limiter les dérogations pour des motifs d’intérêt général, en lien avec l’objet du projet de loi L’amendement prévoit donc de restreindre les dérogations « pour la culture de végétaux dont la récolte intervient avant le début de leur période de floraison et dont la consommation humaine n’est possible qu’après leur transformation industrielle », ce qui entraîne la dépendance économique de toute une filière. Le cumul des deux critères restreint la dérogation aux betteraves. Cette rédaction permettra de respecter le principe d’égalité car les dérogations seront justifiées par deux motifs d’intérêt général : la réduction de l’impact environnemental, pour le critère de floraison, et la conciliation de l’enjeu environnemental avec la préservation d’une industrie, pour celui visant la transformation industrielle. L’amendement CD31 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1278",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "1280",
    "1281",
    "1282",
    "1283"
   ],
   "order": 1278,
   "text": "Nous avons déjà évoqué en discussion liminaire le sujet essentiel dont traite l’amendement de la rapporteure pour avis et qu’aborderont d’autres amendements, comme celui de M. Jean-Luc Fugit, par la suite. Il s’agit de limiter l’application du projet de loi Je l’ai dit et redit – ces propos sont inscrits au Journal officiel –, le projet de loi utilise la possibilité de dérogation prévue à l’article 53 du règlement européen, ce qui nécessite un arrêté cosigné avec la ministre de la transition écologique. Nous réitérons notre engagement de ne signer ces arrêtés que pour la betterave sucrière. La confiance n’excluant pas le contrôle, je comprends aisément que la représentation nationale souhaite inscrire « en dur » cet engagement dans le projet de loi. Nous nous sommes naturellement posé cette question dès le début de la rédaction mais la rapporteure pour avis l’a dit, nous avons été confrontés au principe d’égalité devant la loi. Si j’y suis très attaché pour l’ensemble de nos concitoyens ; j’ignorais qu’il existât aussi entre le navet, la salade et la betterave. C’est pourtant le cas, ce qui, d’après nos analyses juridiques, fait courir le risque que le Conseil constitutionnel ne disjoigne le texte pour ce motif. Deux possibilités existent. La première consiste, sans écrire le mot « betterave », à le paraphraser, comme la rapporteure pour avis l’a fait dans son amendement qui évoque une plante récoltée avant floraison et dépendante d’un mécanisme industriel sous-jacent. Nos études ont montré que seuls la betterave et l’épinard répondent à ces deux critères, qui écartent la salade qui n’est pas dépendante d’un outil industriel bien que certains considèrent la mise en sachet comme tel, et le navet. L’autre possibilité est d’inscrire le mot « betterave ». Dans tous les cas, j’émettrai un avis de sagesse puisque conformément aux engagements que j’ai pris, les arrêtés ne seront signés par les ministres que pour la betterave sucrière. Je comprends néanmoins le souhait du législateur de l’inscrire « en dur » et, tout en appelant son attention sur le risque d’inconstitutionnalité qu’il peut courir eu égard au principe d’égalité, je continuerai de travailler en amont de la séance avec ceux qui le souhaitent pour préciser ce cadre juridique et les difficultés qui peuvent se présenter.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 374,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1278",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf93d2b87a145",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons déjà évoqué en discussion liminaire le sujet essentiel dont traite l’amendement de la rapporteure pour avis et qu’aborderont d’autres amendements, comme celui de M. [PERSONNE], par la suite. Il s’agit de limiter l’application du projet de loi Je l’ai dit et redit – ces propos sont inscrits au Journal officiel –, le projet de loi utilise la possibilité de dérogation prévue à l’article 53 du règlement européen, ce qui nécessite un arrêté cosigné avec la ministre de la transition écologique. Nous réitérons notre engagement de ne signer ces arrêtés que pour la betterave sucrière. La confiance n’excluant pas le contrôle, je comprends aisément que la représentation nationale souhaite inscrire « en dur » cet engagement dans le projet de loi. Nous nous sommes naturellement posé cette question dès le début de la rédaction mais la rapporteure pour avis l’a dit, nous avons été confrontés au principe d’égalité devant la loi. Si j’y suis très attaché pour l’ensemble de nos concitoyens ; j’ignorais qu’il existât aussi entre le navet, la salade et la betterave. C’est pourtant le cas, ce qui, d’après nos analyses juridiques, fait courir le risque que le Conseil constitutionnel ne disjoigne le texte pour ce motif. Deux possibilités existent. La première consiste, sans écrire le mot « betterave », à le paraphraser, comme la rapporteure pour avis l’a fait dans son amendement qui évoque une plante récoltée avant floraison et dépendante d’un mécanisme industriel sous-jacent. Nos études ont montré que seuls la betterave et l’épinard répondent à ces deux critères, qui écartent la salade qui n’est pas dépendante d’un outil industriel bien que certains considèrent la mise en sachet comme tel, et le navet. L’autre possibilité est d’inscrire le mot « betterave ». Dans tous les cas, j’émettrai un avis de sagesse puisque conformément aux engagements que j’ai pris, les arrêtés ne seront signés par les ministres que pour la betterave sucrière. Je comprends néanmoins le souhait du législateur de l’inscrire « en dur » et, tout en appelant son attention sur le risque d’inconstitutionnalité qu’il peut courir eu égard au principe d’égalité, je continuerai de travailler en amont de la séance avec ceux qui le souhaitent pour préciser ce cadre juridique et les difficultés qui peuvent se présenter."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1284",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1284",
    "1285"
   ],
   "order": 1284,
   "text": "M. le ministre a évoqué les amendements que j’ai déposés au nom du groupe LaREM – le collectif a beaucoup d’importance, y compris en politique –, ce qui me conduit à demander un éclaircissement pour la suite de nos débats. Comme je l’ai dit dans mon propos liminaire, ces amendements contribuent à traduire nos exigences, dont la première a été satisfaite par l’adoption de l’amendement CD44. Nous exigeons d’inscrire à deux reprises la mention « betterave sucrière » dans le projet de loi, non seulement dans le titre, comme le prévoit l’amendement CD42, mais aussi, avec l’amendement CD43, dans un article additionnel après l’article unique Nous souhaiterions donc savoir si l’adoption de l’amendement CD71 rectifié de la rapporteure pour avis fera tomber l’amendement CD43. Cette information m’est nécessaire pour donner la position de mon groupe.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1284",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbd2638fa48a1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "M. le ministre a évoqué les amendements que j’ai déposés au nom du groupe [GROUPE] – le collectif a beaucoup d’importance, y compris en politique –, ce qui me conduit à demander un éclaircissement pour la suite de nos débats. Comme je l’ai dit dans mon propos liminaire, ces amendements contribuent à traduire nos exigences, dont la première a été satisfaite par l’adoption de l’amendement CD44. Nous exigeons d’inscrire à deux reprises la mention « betterave sucrière » dans le projet de loi, non seulement dans le titre, comme le prévoit l’amendement CD42, mais aussi, avec l’amendement CD43, dans un article additionnel après l’article unique Nous souhaiterions donc savoir si l’adoption de l’amendement CD71 rectifié de la rapporteure pour avis fera tomber l’amendement CD43. Cette information m’est nécessaire pour donner la position de mon groupe."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1287",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1287",
    "1288"
   ],
   "order": 1287,
   "text": "En conséquence, notre groupe ne votera pas l’amendement CD71 rectifié, auquel il préférera l’amendement CD43 qui apporte davantage de précisions en inscrivant : « Les dérogations mentionnées au deuxième alinéa du II de l’article L. 253-8 ne peuvent être accordées que pour l’emploi de semences de betteraves sucrières » L’amendement CD43 va donc plus loin que les propos de M. le ministre, en qui nous avons confiance même si nous souhaitons jouer notre rôle de législateur jusqu’au bout en proposant une telle inscription dans le texte.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1287",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Neac896489717",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En conséquence, notre groupe ne votera pas l’amendement CD71 rectifié, auquel il préférera l’amendement CD43 qui apporte davantage de précisions en inscrivant : « Les dérogations mentionnées au deuxième alinéa du II de l’article L. 253-8 ne peuvent être accordées que pour l’emploi de semences de betteraves sucrières » L’amendement CD43 va donc plus loin que les propos de M. le ministre, en qui nous avons confiance même si nous souhaitons jouer notre rôle de législateur jusqu’au bout en proposant une telle inscription dans le texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1291",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1291",
    "1292",
    "1293"
   ],
   "order": 1291,
   "text": "Nous l’avons dit, circonscrire les dérogations à la betterave sucrière reste une catastrophe écologique puisque cela revient à utiliser des néonicotinoïdes sur plus de 400 000 hectares. Il est question de plus de 80 tonnes de produits, ce qui est loin d’être anecdotique Rappelons quelques faits. En 2013, l’Europe a décidé des restrictions d’usage sur les néonicotinoïdes pour toutes les cultures à floraison. En 2018, après la loi française de 2016, elle a étendu l’interdiction à l’ensemble des substances et à toutes les cultures car une parcelle de colza, de maïs ou de tournesol qui a reçu des néonicotinoïdes voit ses fleurs contaminées pour des années. L’intention de l’amendement, que je comprends, est démentie par de très nombreuses études scientifiques. Nous ne pouvons contrôler les néonicotinoïdes ni dans le temps, ni dans l’espace. Ce n’est pas en restreignant leur utilisation à des cultures récoltées avant leur floraison que l’on limite les incidences pour les écosystèmes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 155,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1291",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N40dc651e0a15",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous l’avons dit, circonscrire les dérogations à la betterave sucrière reste une catastrophe écologique puisque cela revient à utiliser des néonicotinoïdes sur plus de 400 000 hectares. Il est question de plus de 80 tonnes de produits, ce qui est loin d’être anecdotique Rappelons quelques faits. En 2013, l’Europe a décidé des restrictions d’usage sur les néonicotinoïdes pour toutes les cultures à floraison. En 2018, après la loi française de 2016, elle a étendu l’interdiction à l’ensemble des substances et à toutes les cultures car une parcelle de colza, de maïs ou de tournesol qui a reçu des néonicotinoïdes voit ses fleurs contaminées pour des années. L’intention de l’amendement, que je comprends, est démentie par de très nombreuses études scientifiques. Nous ne pouvons contrôler les néonicotinoïdes ni dans le temps, ni dans l’espace. Ce n’est pas en restreignant leur utilisation à des cultures récoltées avant leur floraison que l’on limite les incidences pour les écosystèmes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1297",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1297",
    "1298"
   ],
   "order": 1297,
   "text": "Pour répondre à Mme Delphine Batho qui revient sur la discussion entre plante mellifère ou non, je ne suis jamais entré dans un tel débat depuis le début de l’examen du texte. L’amendement de la rapporteure pour avis n’évoquait les deux volets de la floraison et de la transformation industrielle que dans le cadre d’une paraphrase pour qualifier la betterave. Je souhaite lever toute incompréhension sur ce point : il ne s’agit pas d’élargir la dérogation à d’autres plantes L’amendement CD71 rectifié est retiré.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1297",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2234b138428d",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour répondre à Mme [PERSONNE] qui revient sur la discussion entre plante mellifère ou non, je ne suis jamais entré dans un tel débat depuis le début de l’examen du texte. L’amendement de la rapporteure pour avis n’évoquait les deux volets de la floraison et de la transformation industrielle que dans le cadre d’une paraphrase pour qualifier la betterave. Je souhaite lever toute incompréhension sur ce point : il ne s’agit pas d’élargir la dérogation à d’autres plantes L’amendement CD71 rectifié est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1301",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1301",
    "1302",
    "1303"
   ],
   "order": 1301,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à supprimer la seconde phrase de l’alinéa 3. Sans revenir sur la restriction de ces produits à la betterave, je souscris aux arguments selon lesquels quelle que soit la culture et aussi restreinte soit-elle, les néonicotinoïdes, une fois lâchés dans la nature, créent des dégâts durant des dizaines d’années Le ministre a indiqué qu’il n’aurait recours à l’article 53 que si aucune autre solution n’existe. Or j’ai l’impression, forte et documentée, que de telles possibilités existent – des professionnels de la Confédération paysanne les ont d’ailleurs précisées. Il s’agit non pas d’un remplacement à modèle constant, une molécule en remplaçant une autre, mais de solutions nécessitant notamment de repenser les modes de production, changer les rotations, sortir de la culture monospécifique, planter des haies. Elles sont documentées non seulement par des professionnels et des ONG mais aussi par l’ANSES dont le bilan, en 2018, a conclu que des solutions alternatives existent. Monsieur le ministre, ces solutions existant, vous allez au-devant de recours sur l’utilisation de l’article 53. Les observateurs attentifs et les acteurs de ce dossier ne manqueront pas de les introduire afin que les solutions existantes soient utilisées.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 191,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1301",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Na5ce55c5950b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "AR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à supprimer la seconde phrase de l’alinéa 3. Sans revenir sur la restriction de ces produits à la betterave, je souscris aux arguments selon lesquels quelle que soit la culture et aussi restreinte soit-elle, les néonicotinoïdes, une fois lâchés dans la nature, créent des dégâts durant des dizaines d’années Le ministre a indiqué qu’il n’aurait recours à l’article 53 que si aucune autre solution n’existe. Or j’ai l’impression, forte et documentée, que de telles possibilités existent – des professionnels de la Confédération paysanne les ont d’ailleurs précisées. Il s’agit non pas d’un remplacement à modèle constant, une molécule en remplaçant une autre, mais de solutions nécessitant notamment de repenser les modes de production, changer les rotations, sortir de la culture monospécifique, planter des haies. Elles sont documentées non seulement par des professionnels et des ONG mais aussi par l’ANSES dont le bilan, en 2018, a conclu que des solutions alternatives existent. Monsieur le ministre, ces solutions existant, vous allez au-devant de recours sur l’utilisation de l’article 53. Les observateurs attentifs et les acteurs de ce dossier ne manqueront pas de les introduire afin que les solutions existantes soient utilisées."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1304",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1304",
    "1305"
   ],
   "order": 1304,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à supprimer la seconde phrase de l’alinéa 3 qui précise le cadre applicable aux éventuelles dérogations. Cette précision permet de restreindre les dérogations en définissant une procédure d’adoption plus stricte, conformément au droit européen Souhaitant limiter l’ampleur des dérogations, je suis défavorable à la suppression de cette phrase.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1304",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N221bf142763a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à supprimer la seconde phrase de l’alinéa 3 qui précise le cadre applicable aux éventuelles dérogations. Cette précision permet de restreindre les dérogations en définissant une procédure d’adoption plus stricte, conformément au droit européen Souhaitant limiter l’ampleur des dérogations, je suis défavorable à la suppression de cette phrase."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1306",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1306",
    "1307",
    "1308",
    "1309"
   ],
   "order": 1306,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Je comprends votre interrogation sur le modèle agrocultural, les parcelles plus petites et le bio-contrôle, monsieur Loïc Prud’homme Comme je l’expliquais précédemment, il existe trois axes de recherche et de mouvement possibles, dont un axe agrocultural et de bio-contrôle. Je suis d’ailleurs convaincu que la solution viendra davantage de l’agrocultural que de la sélection des semences. Pourtant, si nous avions la solution qui permette aux planteurs de planter cet été, je ne serais pas dans cette salle, malgré la joie que j’ai à vous retrouver. L’enjeu consiste à se mettre à la place du planteur. Il ne s’agit pas de lui dire qu’il suffit qu’il plante une haie, introduise des coccinelles, organise une zone humide, réduise sa parcelle de 17 à 4 hectares. Cela ne se fait pas en un été. Par ailleurs, en 2018, l’ANSES a évoqué des solutions alternatives chimiques, notamment le Teppeki et le Movento. Les bilans environnementaux de ces deux substances qui, en raison de leur faible efficacité, ont été utilisées au-delà des doses prévues par l’autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM), sont élevés. Il faut toujours comparer par rapport au référentiel.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 189,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1306",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nde40bb41a0df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Je comprends votre interrogation sur le modèle agrocultural, les parcelles plus petites et le bio-contrôle, monsieur Loïc Prud’homme Comme je l’expliquais précédemment, il existe trois axes de recherche et de mouvement possibles, dont un axe agrocultural et de bio-contrôle. Je suis d’ailleurs convaincu que la solution viendra davantage de l’agrocultural que de la sélection des semences. Pourtant, si nous avions la solution qui permette aux planteurs de planter cet été, je ne serais pas dans cette salle, malgré la joie que j’ai à vous retrouver. L’enjeu consiste à se mettre à la place du planteur. Il ne s’agit pas de lui dire qu’il suffit qu’il plante une haie, introduise des coccinelles, organise une zone humide, réduise sa parcelle de 17 à 4 hectares. Cela ne se fait pas en un été. Par ailleurs, en 2018, l’ANSES a évoqué des solutions alternatives chimiques, notamment le Teppeki et le Movento. Les bilans environnementaux de ces deux substances qui, en raison de leur faible efficacité, ont été utilisées au-delà des doses prévues par l’autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM), sont élevés. Il faut toujours comparer par rapport au référentiel."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1310",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1310",
    "1311",
    "1312",
    "1313"
   ],
   "order": 1310,
   "text": "S’agissant des alternatives, ce n’est jamais le bon moment ni le bon tempo pour accompagner les producteurs vers un changement de pratiques. Nous avons entendu le même couplet au sujet du glyphosate. En 2017, la promesse avait été faite de sortir du glyphosate en 2020. Il a été dit que nous n’avions pas d’autres solutions, que les questions étaient trop complexes et que la recherche était en retard Suivant mon appétit pour les questions agronomiques – vous le connaissez monsieur le ministre –, j’ai participé à la mission d’information commune sur le suivi de la stratégie de sortie du glyphosate, mission à laquelle je participe toujours. J’ai proposé à mes collègues d’auditionner des scientifiques de l’INRAE qui, entre 2013 et 2017, ont produit des études sur des solutions alternatives au glyphosate. Ces papiers, que j’ai fournis à mes collègues, montrent qu’il était possible de sortir du glyphosate en accompagnant les producteurs. À l’heure où nous parlons, la question est toujours sous le tapis de la mission d’information commune. Les scientifiques n’ont pas été auditionnés. Quant au calendrier de sortie du glyphosate, il reste un horizon à atteindre qui recule au fur et à mesure que nous avançons. Pour les néonicotinoïdes, j’ai l’impression que vous nous servez les mêmes arguments, pour aller vers le même résultat. Aujourd’hui, nous n’avons plus le temps de voir la ligne d’horizon reculer.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 227,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1310",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd63752b2ebd5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "S’agissant des alternatives, ce n’est jamais le bon moment ni le bon tempo pour accompagner les producteurs vers un changement de pratiques. Nous avons entendu le même couplet au sujet du glyphosate. En 2017, la promesse avait été faite de sortir du glyphosate en 2020. Il a été dit que nous n’avions pas d’autres solutions, que les questions étaient trop complexes et que la recherche était en retard Suivant mon appétit pour les questions agronomiques – vous le connaissez monsieur le ministre –, j’ai participé à la mission d’information commune sur le suivi de la stratégie de sortie du glyphosate, mission à laquelle je participe toujours. J’ai proposé à mes collègues d’auditionner des scientifiques de l’INRAE qui, entre 2013 et 2017, ont produit des études sur des solutions alternatives au glyphosate. Ces papiers, que j’ai fournis à mes collègues, montrent qu’il était possible de sortir du glyphosate en accompagnant les producteurs. À l’heure où nous parlons, la question est toujours sous le tapis de la mission d’information commune. Les scientifiques n’ont pas été auditionnés. Quant au calendrier de sortie du glyphosate, il reste un horizon à atteindre qui recule au fur et à mesure que nous avançons. Pour les néonicotinoïdes, j’ai l’impression que vous nous servez les mêmes arguments, pour aller vers le même résultat. Aujourd’hui, nous n’avons plus le temps de voir la ligne d’horizon reculer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721514",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Kerbarh",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Kerbarh.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1317",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1317",
    "1318"
   ],
   "order": 1317,
   "text": "Cet amendement a pour objet de soumettre chaque arrêté autorisant l’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes à l’avis du Conseil national de la transition écologique (CNTE), organe compétent en matière de biodiversité Compte tenu des effets de ces produits sur la biodiversité, la qualité de l’eau et des sols, le CNTE est compétent pour donner un avis préalablement à la publication des arrêtés.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1317",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nde27baf977a1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement a pour objet de soumettre chaque arrêté autorisant l’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes à l’avis du Conseil national de la transition écologique (CNTE), organe compétent en matière de biodiversité Compte tenu des effets de ces produits sur la biodiversité, la qualité de l’eau et des sols, le CNTE est compétent pour donner un avis préalablement à la publication des arrêtés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1319",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1319"
   ],
   "order": 1319,
   "text": "Je partage l’objectif de l’amendement qui conduirait le CNTE à donner son avis sur les dérogations. Il peut cependant déjà s’autosaisir de toute question. En outre, cet avis ne devra pas être redondant avec celui du comité de suivi qui sera instauré. En conséquence, j’émets un avis de sagesse",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1319",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf2bd62a59843",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage l’objectif de l’amendement qui conduirait le CNTE à donner son avis sur les dérogations. Il peut cependant déjà s’autosaisir de toute question. En outre, cet avis ne devra pas être redondant avec celui du comité de suivi qui sera instauré. En conséquence, j’émets un avis de sagesse"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1320",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1320",
    "1321"
   ],
   "order": 1320,
   "text": "Pour ce qui me concerne, je vous suggère de retirer l’amendement, madame la députée. Je suis pourtant très favorable à une consultation du CNTE : bien que le Conseil d’État ait indiqué que celle-ci n’était pas obligatoire, j’ai décidé, avec Mme Barbara Pompili, de lui demander de rendre un avis. En revanche, le CNTE est consulté en amont de la loi, non des textes réglementaires qui lui sont liés Par ailleurs, le comité de suivi que visent les amendements suivants sera composé des membres habituels du CNTE dédiés aux questions betteravières – professionnels, représentants d’associations environnementales. Il traitera donc pour partie ces questions.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 103,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1320",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N39f71a897db7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ce qui me concerne, je vous suggère de retirer l’amendement, madame la députée. Je suis pourtant très favorable à une consultation du CNTE : bien que le Conseil d’État ait indiqué que celle-ci n’était pas obligatoire, j’ai décidé, avec Mme [PERSONNE], de lui demander de rendre un avis. En revanche, le CNTE est consulté en amont de la loi, non des textes réglementaires qui lui sont liés Par ailleurs, le comité de suivi que visent les amendements suivants sera composé des membres habituels du CNTE dédiés aux questions betteravières – professionnels, représentants d’associations environnementales. Il traitera donc pour partie ces questions."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721514",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Kerbarh",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Kerbarh.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1322",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1322"
   ],
   "order": 1322,
   "text": "Tout le monde semble d’accord pour consulter le CNTE. Dès le début de la discussion, nous avons indiqué que nous voterons le projet de loi, si certaines dispositions et garanties étaient introduites. Alors que la législature s’achève dans deux ans à peine, nous ne pouvons pas accepter des propos tenus les yeux dans les yeux : rien ne dit qu’ils seront valables dans trois ans. C’est pourquoi je maintiens l’amendement",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 70,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1322",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb377484aba83",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Tout le monde semble d’accord pour consulter le CNTE. Dès le début de la discussion, nous avons indiqué que nous voterons le projet de loi, si certaines dispositions et garanties étaient introduites. Alors que la législature s’achève dans deux ans à peine, nous ne pouvons pas accepter des propos tenus les yeux dans les yeux : rien ne dit qu’ils seront valables dans trois ans. C’est pourquoi je maintiens l’amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1323",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1323"
   ],
   "order": 1323,
   "text": "Je suis très étonnée de l’avis du Conseil d’État car le CNTE doit être consulté sur tout projet de loi qui a une incidence sur l’environnement. Le présent projet, qui défait la loi sur la biodiversité de 2016, a un impact écologique et environnemental incontestable. Les dispositions du code rural et de la pêche maritime dépendent certes de la commission des affaires économiques, mais celles relatives à la loi de 2016 auraient pu donner lieu à un débat au sein de l’Assemblée nationale. Le raisonnement du Conseil d’État selon lequel le CNTE n’aurait pas à être consulté est donc incompréhensible",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 100,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1323",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N18ce52097d0f",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis très étonnée de l’avis du Conseil d’État car le CNTE doit être consulté sur tout projet de loi qui a une incidence sur l’environnement. Le présent projet, qui défait la loi sur la biodiversité de 2016, a un impact écologique et environnemental incontestable. Les dispositions du code rural et de la pêche maritime dépendent certes de la commission des affaires économiques, mais celles relatives à la loi de 2016 auraient pu donner lieu à un débat au sein de l’Assemblée nationale. Le raisonnement du Conseil d’État selon lequel le CNTE n’aurait pas à être consulté est donc incompréhensible"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720334",
   "speaker": "Jimmy Pahun",
   "quality": "M. Jimmy Pahun.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1327",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1327"
   ],
   "order": 1327,
   "text": "L’amendement garantit le suivi de l’effectivité du plan présenté par la filière et son caractère contraignant, ce qui évitera de se retrouver dans une situation identique dans deux ans ou davantage",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1327",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N857012197d1c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement garantit le suivi de l’effectivité du plan présenté par la filière et son caractère contraignant, ce qui évitera de se retrouver dans une situation identique dans deux ans ou davantage"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1328",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1328"
   ],
   "order": 1328,
   "text": "Je partage l’idée de restreindre les dérogations. Les bénéficiaires de ces dérogations ne sont toutefois pas les seuls responsables du développement de solutions alternatives. Il est préférable de leur demander des engagements en termes de pratiques agro-écologiques ou de protection des abeilles. C’est l’objet de mon amendement CD73, qui prévoit la création d’un plan de prévention",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1328",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6b53dfe5f4bf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage l’idée de restreindre les dérogations. Les bénéficiaires de ces dérogations ne sont toutefois pas les seuls responsables du développement de solutions alternatives. Il est préférable de leur demander des engagements en termes de pratiques agro-écologiques ou de protection des abeilles. C’est l’objet de mon amendement CD73, qui prévoit la création d’un plan de prévention"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1329",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1329"
   ],
   "order": 1329,
   "text": "Même avis, pour les mêmes raisons. Monsieur Jimmy Pahun, je comprends bien votre intention, qui sera satisfaite, comme la rapporteure pour avis l’a dit, par les engagements que la filière a pris, ainsi que par l’adoption d’un amendement visant à créer un comité de suivi. Je vous propose donc également de retirer votre amendement",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1329",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne5df13aba78c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Même avis, pour les mêmes raisons. Monsieur [PERSONNE], je comprends bien votre intention, qui sera satisfaite, comme la rapporteure pour avis l’a dit, par les engagements que la filière a pris, ainsi que par l’adoption d’un amendement visant à créer un comité de suivi. Je vous propose donc également de retirer votre amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720334",
   "speaker": "Jimmy Pahun",
   "quality": "M. Jimmy Pahun.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1330"
   ],
   "order": 1330,
   "text": "Je le retire, tout en regrettant que la filière ne montre pas davantage les efforts qu’elle réalise pour instaurer des haies ou des plantes florales. Leur plantation il y a quelques années aurait peut-être pu éviter cette jaunisse. Les avancées nous permettront certes de trouver des solutions dans quelque temps mais, pour cela, les producteurs doivent être contraints à faire quelques efforts, notamment planter des haies, tester des dispositifs ou créer de plus petites parcelles",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1330",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ne41539ad9faf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je le retire, tout en regrettant que la filière ne montre pas davantage les efforts qu’elle réalise pour instaurer des haies ou des plantes florales. Leur plantation il y a quelques années aurait peut-être pu éviter cette jaunisse. Les avancées nous permettront certes de trouver des solutions dans quelque temps mais, pour cela, les producteurs doivent être contraints à faire quelques efforts, notamment planter des haies, tester des dispositifs ou créer de plus petites parcelles"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1331",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1331",
    "1332",
    "1333",
    "1334",
    "1335",
    "1336",
    "1338"
   ],
   "order": 1331,
   "text": "Trois niveaux peuvent être distingués. Dans le premier, il faut faire en sorte que la filière prenne des engagements. Nous l’avons obtenu : les engagements ont été rendus publics ce matin. Ils comprennent quatre axes principaux s’agissant notamment de maintenir la production et soutenir les pratiques culturales pour accélérer la transition. Mme Delphine Batho a évoqué 500 à 1 000 hectares de cultures non enrobées qui, en réalité, seront dédiés à la recherche agronomique pour trouver un substitut aux substances enrobées Dans la même logique, l’INRAE et l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB), institut de recherche privé, ont publié ce matin un plan de recherche. Doté de 7 millions d’euros sur trois ans, il sera abondé par le ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation à hauteur de 5 millions, afin que l’État bénéficie d’un droit de regard sur le volet public comme privé et puisse s’immiscer pleinement dans sa gouvernance. Deuxième niveau : les arrêtés, équivalents d’une autorisation temporaire d’utilisation, seront pris, avec Mme Barbara Pompili, d’ici à la fin de l’année. Des conditions leur sont annexées, portant en particulier sur les cultures concernées et la durée autorisée. Troisième strate : il faut mettre de la « pression dans le tube », ce qui est plus efficace collégialement. L’ensemble des responsables doit agir – pouvoir exécutif, instituts de recherche, pouvoir législatif, professionnels, associations. C’est l’idée sous-jacente que nombre d’entre vous semblent proposer dans l’amendement relatif au comité de suivi, auquel une mission de suivi d’engagement et de contrôle sera de plus confiée. Ces trois strates sont à même de mettre une telle pression pour que le délai de trois ans, que vous avez ramené à deux, permette de trouver des alternatives et la façon de les appliquer. L’amendement CD34 est retiré. La réunion, suspendue à 23 heures 35, est reprise à 23 heures 40.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 304,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1331",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N13a0a7d9dc0d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Trois niveaux peuvent être distingués. Dans le premier, il faut faire en sorte que la filière prenne des engagements. Nous l’avons obtenu : les engagements ont été rendus publics ce matin. Ils comprennent quatre axes principaux s’agissant notamment de maintenir la production et soutenir les pratiques culturales pour accélérer la transition. Mme [PERSONNE] a évoqué 500 à 1 000 hectares de cultures non enrobées qui, en réalité, seront dédiés à la recherche agronomique pour trouver un substitut aux substances enrobées Dans la même logique, l’INRAE et l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB), institut de recherche privé, ont publié ce matin un plan de recherche. Doté de 7 millions d’euros sur trois ans, il sera abondé par le ministère de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation à hauteur de 5 millions, afin que l’État bénéficie d’un droit de regard sur le volet public comme privé et puisse s’immiscer pleinement dans sa gouvernance. Deuxième niveau : les arrêtés, équivalents d’une autorisation temporaire d’utilisation, seront pris, avec Mme [PERSONNE], d’ici à la fin de l’année. Des conditions leur sont annexées, portant en particulier sur les cultures concernées et la durée autorisée. Troisième strate : il faut mettre de la « pression dans le tube », ce qui est plus efficace collégialement. L’ensemble des responsables doit agir – pouvoir exécutif, instituts de recherche, pouvoir législatif, professionnels, associations. C’est l’idée sous-jacente que nombre d’entre vous semblent proposer dans l’amendement relatif au comité de suivi, auquel une mission de suivi d’engagement et de contrôle sera de plus confiée. Ces trois strates sont à même de mettre une telle pression pour que le délai de trois ans, que vous avez ramené à deux, permette de trouver des alternatives et la façon de les appliquer. L’amendement CD34 est retiré. La réunion, suspendue à 23 heures 35, est reprise à 23 heures 40."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1340",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1340"
   ],
   "order": 1340,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à interdire les cultures attractives de pollinisateurs pour une certaine durée après usage de substances néonicotinoïdes, ce qui permettra de réduire leur exposition aux résidus de produits. Une telle restriction est essentielle pour limiter les conséquences des dérogations prévues par le présent projet de loi. Les modalités de cette interdiction devront être précisées par voie réglementaire",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1340",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nc9e1cb351867",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à interdire les cultures attractives de pollinisateurs pour une certaine durée après usage de substances néonicotinoïdes, ce qui permettra de réduire leur exposition aux résidus de produits. Une telle restriction est essentielle pour limiter les conséquences des dérogations prévues par le présent projet de loi. Les modalités de cette interdiction devront être précisées par voie réglementaire"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720334",
   "speaker": "Jimmy Pahun",
   "quality": "M. Jimmy Pahun",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1341",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1341"
   ],
   "order": 1341,
   "text": "L’amendement CD32 vise le même objectif, mais dans le cadre du plan d’action que j’évoquais tout à l’heure. Monsieur le ministre, j’aimerais vraiment obtenir de votre part des garanties offrant la certitude qu’aucune culture mellifère ne sera réalisée là où des néonicotinoïdes ont été utilisés",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1341",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9e5eebd0184b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD32 vise le même objectif, mais dans le cadre du plan d’action que j’évoquais tout à l’heure. Monsieur le ministre, j’aimerais vraiment obtenir de votre part des garanties offrant la certitude qu’aucune culture mellifère ne sera réalisée là où des néonicotinoïdes ont été utilisés"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1342",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1342"
   ],
   "order": 1342,
   "text": "Monsieur Jimmy Pahun, je souscris pleinement à l’objectif de votre amendement qui prévoit une durée d’interdiction de cinq ans. Toutefois, cette durée devra varier selon les substances actives concernées ; toutes n’ont pas la même rémanence dans les sols. Elle devra donc être fixée par voie réglementaire. Je vous invite donc à retirer votre amendement au profit du mien",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1342",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd890bba69167",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur [PERSONNE], je souscris pleinement à l’objectif de votre amendement qui prévoit une durée d’interdiction de cinq ans. Toutefois, cette durée devra varier selon les substances actives concernées ; toutes n’ont pas la même rémanence dans les sols. Elle devra donc être fixée par voie réglementaire. Je vous invite donc à retirer votre amendement au profit du mien"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1343",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1343",
    "1344",
    "1345",
    "1346",
    "1347"
   ],
   "order": 1343,
   "text": "Au cours des prochaines semaines, l’ANSES nous remettra un rapport. Mme Mathilde Panot évoquait tout à l’heure celui publié en 2018 ; nous avons demandé à l’ANSES de nous en remettre un sur ce que peuvent être, du point de vue de la sécurité sanitaire et de la pérennité culturale, les conditions d’utilisation des molécules dont le présent projet de loi prévoit l’utilisation par dérogation Nous recevrons ce rapport vers le 20 novembre prochain, avant la publication des arrêtés que j’évoquais tout à l’heure. Ces derniers constitueront des actes d’autorisation de mise sur le marché et seront comme tels assujettis à certaines conditions, telles que les délais à respecter entre l’usage de divers produits et la culture de plantes mellifères. Ces conditions devront être précisées dans les arrêtés. Monsieur Jimmy Pahun, telle est la logique du texte. Elle permet de s’assurer qu’il s’agit d’un travail réalisé non en chambre, mais de façon ouverte. Plusieurs amendements restant à examiner visent à instituer un comité de suivi des dérogations, qui nous semble le bon instrument pour assurer un suivi au fil du temps afin que tout cela soit transparent, avec une « pression dans le tube » suffisante, comme je l’ai dit. Ce premier ensemble d’observations m’amène à suggérer le retrait de votre amendement. S’agissant de celui de la rapporteure pour avis, je souscris pleinement à l’idée dont il procède. Toutefois, sa rédaction me semble poser problème. L’interdiction proposée serait applicable « dans des conditions définies par voie réglementaire » : il s’agit précisément des conditions définies par les arrêtés mentionnés à l’alinéa 2, ceux-là mêmes que j’évoquais à l’instant en réponse à M. Jimmy Pahun et qui sont relatifs à la mise sur le marché des produits. Madame la rapporteure pour avis, je vous propose de rectifier l’amendement dès à présent, en remplaçant les mots « voie réglementaire » par les mots « les arrêtés mentionnés au deuxième alinéa du présent II ». J’émettrais un avis favorable à l’amendement ainsi rectifié et, à défaut, suggérerais son retrait pour finaliser sa rédaction d’ici l’examen du texte dans l’hémicycle.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 346,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1343",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N81bc65a166f5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MST",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Au cours des prochaines semaines, l’ANSES nous remettra un rapport. Mme [PERSONNE] évoquait tout à l’heure celui publié en 2018 ; nous avons demandé à l’ANSES de nous en remettre un sur ce que peuvent être, du point de vue de la sécurité sanitaire et de la pérennité culturale, les conditions d’utilisation des molécules dont le présent projet de loi prévoit l’utilisation par dérogation Nous recevrons ce rapport vers le 20 novembre prochain, avant la publication des arrêtés que j’évoquais tout à l’heure. Ces derniers constitueront des actes d’autorisation de mise sur le marché et seront comme tels assujettis à certaines conditions, telles que les délais à respecter entre l’usage de divers produits et la culture de plantes mellifères. Ces conditions devront être précisées dans les arrêtés. Monsieur [PERSONNE], telle est la logique du texte. Elle permet de s’assurer qu’il s’agit d’un travail réalisé non en chambre, mais de façon ouverte. Plusieurs amendements restant à examiner visent à instituer un comité de suivi des dérogations, qui nous semble le bon instrument pour assurer un suivi au fil du temps afin que tout cela soit transparent, avec une « pression dans le tube » suffisante, comme je l’ai dit. Ce premier ensemble d’observations m’amène à suggérer le retrait de votre amendement. S’agissant de celui de la rapporteure pour avis, je souscris pleinement à l’idée dont il procède. Toutefois, sa rédaction me semble poser problème. L’interdiction proposée serait applicable « dans des conditions définies par voie réglementaire » : il s’agit précisément des conditions définies par les arrêtés mentionnés à l’alinéa 2, ceux-là mêmes que j’évoquais à l’instant en réponse à M. [PERSONNE] et qui sont relatifs à la mise sur le marché des produits. Madame la rapporteure pour avis, je vous propose de rectifier l’amendement dès à présent, en remplaçant les mots « voie réglementaire » par les mots « les arrêtés mentionnés au deuxième alinéa du présent II ». J’émettrais un avis favorable à l’amendement ainsi rectifié et, à défaut, suggérerais son retrait pour finaliser sa rédaction d’ici l’examen du texte dans l’hémicycle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719044",
   "speaker": "Nadia Essayan",
   "quality": "Mme Nadia Essayan",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730970",
   "group": "MODEM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1348",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1348",
    "1349"
   ],
   "order": 1348,
   "text": "J’interviens pour la première fois dans ce débat et je tiens à dire, monsieur le ministre, que vos propos m’inspirent confiance en matière de garanties. Toutefois, il me semble nécessaire d’adopter l’amendement de la rapporteure pour avis, pour une raison politique En effet, ce débat opposant ceux qui sont pour le projet de loi et ceux qui sont contre, il importe que l’opinion publique comprenne bien que même ceux qui sont pour demandent des garanties. Introduire cette exigence par voie d’amendement permet de lui donner une visibilité. C’est pourquoi j’estime qu’il faut maintenir et adopter l’amendement.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 96,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1348",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nea6e284a95f8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’interviens pour la première fois dans ce débat et je tiens à dire, monsieur le ministre, que vos propos m’inspirent confiance en matière de garanties. Toutefois, il me semble nécessaire d’adopter l’amendement de la rapporteure pour avis, pour une raison politique En effet, ce débat opposant ceux qui sont pour le projet de loi et ceux qui sont contre, il importe que l’opinion publique comprenne bien que même ceux qui sont pour demandent des garanties. Introduire cette exigence par voie d’amendement permet de lui donner une visibilité. C’est pourquoi j’estime qu’il faut maintenir et adopter l’amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1350",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1350",
    "1351",
    "1352",
    "1353"
   ],
   "order": 1350,
   "text": "Si je puis me permettre, bienvenue en Absurdie ! Par le biais de cet amendement, nous ouvrons la voie à la constitution de déserts biologiques. La démarche consiste à interdire toute culture attractive pour les abeilles après usage de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes. C’est oublier que les abeilles et les pollinisateurs sauvages peuvent être contaminés par les néonicotinoïdes autrement, notamment par les plantes sauvages ! Nous sommes bel et bien en Absurdie, comme le confirme le plan stratégique de la filière de la betterave sucrière, dont j’estime – je me permets d’insister, monsieur le ministre – qu’il doit être rejeté. D’un côté, on prévoit de désherber massivement pour éviter le moindre bleuet, le moindre coquelicot, le moindre pissenlit qui pourrait tuer des pollinisateurs ; de l’autre, on annonce la plantation de bandes enherbées attractives pour les abeilles. En réalité, vous privez les pollinisateurs de nourriture. Je comprends le raisonnement consistant à identifier une parcelle donnée comme voie de contamination et à se demander comment faire pour l’éviter. La bonne solution consiste à ne pas utiliser de néonicotinoïdes et non à élaborer des dispositions complexes qui ne tiennent pas debout. En tout état de cause, les durées de rémanence s’étendent sur plusieurs années et quelques microgrammes – voire nanogrammes – de substance suffisent pour que vers de terre et pollinisateurs soient affectés. Pris ainsi, le problème est insoluble ! Monsieur le ministre, vous constatez vous-même qu’avec ce mode de raisonnement, que je comprends, on ne s’en sort pas. Nous ne pourrons pas éviter le coquelicot, le pissenlit planté par un agriculteur qui, à la lecture de la loi, se demandera : « Comment faire, dans ma rotation de cultures sur cinq ans, pour ne jamais planter, après des betteraves ayant nécessité l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes, des plantes sujettes à la guttation ou offrant du pollen aux abeilles ? » C’est du Kafka !",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 311,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1350",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf96ea3eff3e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Si je puis me permettre, bienvenue en Absurdie ! Par le biais de cet amendement, nous ouvrons la voie à la constitution de déserts biologiques. La démarche consiste à interdire toute culture attractive pour les abeilles après usage de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes. C’est oublier que les abeilles et les pollinisateurs sauvages peuvent être contaminés par les néonicotinoïdes autrement, notamment par les plantes sauvages ! Nous sommes bel et bien en Absurdie, comme le confirme le plan stratégique de la filière de la betterave sucrière, dont j’estime – je me permets d’insister, monsieur le ministre – qu’il doit être rejeté. D’un côté, on prévoit de désherber massivement pour éviter le moindre bleuet, le moindre coquelicot, le moindre pissenlit qui pourrait tuer des pollinisateurs ; de l’autre, on annonce la plantation de bandes enherbées attractives pour les abeilles. En réalité, vous privez les pollinisateurs de nourriture. Je comprends le raisonnement consistant à identifier une parcelle donnée comme voie de contamination et à se demander comment faire pour l’éviter. La bonne solution consiste à ne pas utiliser de néonicotinoïdes et non à élaborer des dispositions complexes qui ne tiennent pas debout. En tout état de cause, les durées de rémanence s’étendent sur plusieurs années et quelques microgrammes – voire nanogrammes – de substance suffisent pour que vers de terre et pollinisateurs soient affectés. Pris ainsi, le problème est insoluble ! Monsieur le ministre, vous constatez vous-même qu’avec ce mode de raisonnement, que je comprends, on ne s’en sort pas. Nous ne pourrons pas éviter le coquelicot, le pissenlit planté par un agriculteur qui, à la lecture de la loi, se demandera : « Comment faire, dans ma rotation de cultures sur cinq ans, pour ne jamais planter, après des betteraves ayant nécessité l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes, des plantes sujettes à la guttation ou offrant du pollen aux abeilles ? » C’est du Kafka !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1357",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1357"
   ],
   "order": 1357,
   "text": "Cet amendement prévoit la mise en place de plans de prévention définissant des engagements en matière de développement de pratiques agro-écologiques et de protection des abeilles. Il est essentiel de prévoir des contreparties aux dérogations. Ces plans permettront de s’assurer que les filières font évoluer leurs pratiques culturales, afin de parvenir à interdire complètement les néonicotinoïdes",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1357",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7295a3ac5170",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement prévoit la mise en place de plans de prévention définissant des engagements en matière de développement de pratiques agro-écologiques et de protection des abeilles. Il est essentiel de prévoir des contreparties aux dérogations. Ces plans permettront de s’assurer que les filières font évoluer leurs pratiques culturales, afin de parvenir à interdire complètement les néonicotinoïdes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1359",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1359"
   ],
   "order": 1359,
   "text": "Monsieur Jimmy Pahun, votre sous-amendement est intéressant. Il vise à renouveler les dérogations uniquement si le plan de prévention est respecté. Toutefois, il pose un problème pratique : le plan de prévention ne produira ses effets qu’au bout de plusieurs années, au plus tôt en 2022 ; les dérogations seront accordées annuellement au cours des trois prochaines années. Il est donc impossible de faire dépendre leur renouvellement du respect du plan de prévention, qui ne pourra être constaté. Demande de retrait",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1359",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5a28299833e5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur [PERSONNE], votre sous-amendement est intéressant. Il vise à renouveler les dérogations uniquement si le plan de prévention est respecté. Toutefois, il pose un problème pratique : le plan de prévention ne produira ses effets qu’au bout de plusieurs années, au plus tôt en 2022 ; les dérogations seront accordées annuellement au cours des trois prochaines années. Il est donc impossible de faire dépendre leur renouvellement du respect du plan de prévention, qui ne pourra être constaté. Demande de retrait"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1360",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1360",
    "1361"
   ],
   "order": 1360,
   "text": "Je suggère le retrait de l’amendement, pour les raisons que j’ai avancées. Les trois niveaux de contrôle que j’ai indiqués constituent à mes yeux le mécanisme le plus pertinent. Le plan de prévention a été demandé ; il est complété par un plan de recherche ; en outre, les arrêtés définiront des conditions d’utilisation. Enfin, le véritable contrôle, me semble-t-il, c’est celui qu’on exerce de visu, dans la durée, de façon très fine. Tel est le sens de l’installation d’un comité de suivi. Je considère que l’amendement est satisfait L’amendement CD73 est retiré. En conséquence, le sous-amendement CD74 devient sans objet.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1360",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3eb99eb38b53",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suggère le retrait de l’amendement, pour les raisons que j’ai avancées. Les trois niveaux de contrôle que j’ai indiqués constituent à mes yeux le mécanisme le plus pertinent. Le plan de prévention a été demandé ; il est complété par un plan de recherche ; en outre, les arrêtés définiront des conditions d’utilisation. Enfin, le véritable contrôle, me semble-t-il, c’est celui qu’on exerce de visu, dans la durée, de façon très fine. Tel est le sens de l’installation d’un comité de suivi. Je considère que l’amendement est satisfait L’amendement CD73 est retiré. En conséquence, le sous-amendement CD74 devient sans objet."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719922",
   "speaker": "Lionel Causse",
   "quality": "M. Lionel Causse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1364",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1364",
    "1365"
   ],
   "order": 1364,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à faire en sorte que lors de l’élaboration des arrêtés, les ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de l’environnement recueillent les avis et les propositions du CNTE afin de s’assurer de la soutenabilité des dérogations accordées et de contrôler toute éventuelle généralisation Cet organisme dont les membres, pour la plupart, sont issus de la société civile, a été créé pour favoriser le dialogue en matière sociale et environnementale. Le CNTE est l’institution susceptible de satisfaire l’impératif de débat et de contrôle des effets néfastes susmentionnés. Cela suppose qu’il fournisse des contributions qui devront être rendues publiques.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1364",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf1e9d5f596c6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à faire en sorte que lors de l’élaboration des arrêtés, les ministres chargés de l’agriculture et de l’environnement recueillent les avis et les propositions du CNTE afin de s’assurer de la soutenabilité des dérogations accordées et de contrôler toute éventuelle généralisation Cet organisme dont les membres, pour la plupart, sont issus de la société civile, a été créé pour favoriser le dialogue en matière sociale et environnementale. Le CNTE est l’institution susceptible de satisfaire l’impératif de débat et de contrôle des effets néfastes susmentionnés. Cela suppose qu’il fournisse des contributions qui devront être rendues publiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1366",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1366"
   ],
   "order": 1366,
   "text": "Je comprends l’objectif de votre amendement, cher collègue. Il vise à assurer un suivi des dérogations prévues. Toutefois, le CNTE peut d’ores et déjà s’autosaisir. En outre, il ne faudrait pas que son avis soit redondant avec celui du comité de suivi qui sera créé. Demande de retrait",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 48,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1366",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4d7085f9426f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends l’objectif de votre amendement, cher collègue. Il vise à assurer un suivi des dérogations prévues. Toutefois, le CNTE peut d’ores et déjà s’autosaisir. En outre, il ne faudrait pas que son avis soit redondant avec celui du comité de suivi qui sera créé. Demande de retrait"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1367",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1367",
    "1368"
   ],
   "order": 1367,
   "text": "Nous avons eu ce débat. Je comprends la volonté de M. Lionel Causse en la matière. Je rappelle toutefois que rien ne nous obligeait à saisir le CNTE ; le Conseil d’État ne l’a pas demandé. Pourtant, nous l’avons fait. Toutefois, il statue sur la loi, non sur les textes qui en sont issus Par ailleurs, il me semble que le comité de suivi, dans la composition duquel il faudra absolument faire entrer des représentants des associations environnementales, répondra de façon pertinente à la demande que vous exprimez par le biais de cet amendement. J’en suggère donc le retrait.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1367",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7d3fe132bdf6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons eu ce débat. Je comprends la volonté de M. [PERSONNE] en la matière. Je rappelle toutefois que rien ne nous obligeait à saisir le CNTE ; le Conseil d’État ne l’a pas demandé. Pourtant, nous l’avons fait. Toutefois, il statue sur la loi, non sur les textes qui en sont issus Par ailleurs, il me semble que le comité de suivi, dans la composition duquel il faudra absolument faire entrer des représentants des associations environnementales, répondra de façon pertinente à la demande que vous exprimez par le biais de cet amendement. J’en suggère donc le retrait."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719922",
   "speaker": "Lionel Causse",
   "quality": "M. Lionel Causse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1369",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1369",
    "1370",
    "1371",
    "1372"
   ],
   "order": 1369,
   "text": "Deux remarques. Tout d’abord, mon amendement est similaire à l’amendement CD68 présenté tout à l’heure par notre collègue Mme Stéphanie Kerbarh. Je ne comprends pas pourquoi la position de la rapporteure pour avis a changé Ensuite, je veux bien qu’on s’en remette au comité de suivi, mais quelles garanties avons-nous qu’il rendra des avis régulièrement et de façon publique ? Qui nous dit qu’il sera au rendez-vous de ses obligations ? Chacun connaît les échéances à venir – j’en ai discuté tout à l’heure avec certains de nos collègues –, notamment les élections législatives, ou d’autres consultations d’ordre politique. Faut-il s’en remettre à des gens susceptibles d’être remplacés ? Quelle garantie avons-nous que le comité de suivi rendra régulièrement un avis sur la situation et sur l’état d’avancement des solutions alternatives ? Pour ma part, j’aurais aimé en savoir plus sur le comité de suivi. J’accepte néanmoins de retirer l’amendement, sans exclure de le présenter à nouveau en séance publique si celui-ci ne me semble pas satisfaisant.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 167,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1369",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N56a5d82740a6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Deux remarques. Tout d’abord, mon amendement est similaire à l’amendement CD68 présenté tout à l’heure par notre collègue Mme [PERSONNE]. Je ne comprends pas pourquoi la position de la rapporteure pour avis a changé Ensuite, je veux bien qu’on s’en remette au comité de suivi, mais quelles garanties avons-nous qu’il rendra des avis régulièrement et de façon publique ? Qui nous dit qu’il sera au rendez-vous de ses obligations ? Chacun connaît les échéances à venir – j’en ai discuté tout à l’heure avec certains de nos collègues –, notamment les élections législatives, ou d’autres consultations d’ordre politique. Faut-il s’en remettre à des gens susceptibles d’être remplacés ? Quelle garantie avons-nous que le comité de suivi rendra régulièrement un avis sur la situation et sur l’état d’avancement des solutions alternatives ? Pour ma part, j’aurais aimé en savoir plus sur le comité de suivi. J’accepte néanmoins de retirer l’amendement, sans exclure de le présenter à nouveau en séance publique si celui-ci ne me semble pas satisfaisant."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1373",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1373",
    "1374",
    "1375",
    "1376",
    "1377",
    "1378"
   ],
   "order": 1373,
   "text": "Afin d’éclairer nos débats, j’aimerais évoquer une nouvelle fois le travail réalisé en commission des affaires économiques, dont vous pouvez d’ores et déjà consulter les amendements, chers collègues. L’un d’entre eux, élaboré avec plusieurs de nos collègues et déclaré recevable, comporte une proposition très forte sur le comité de suivi et de contrôle, s’agissant de sa définition – notamment son périmètre et ses membres – et de son rôle L’amendement dont nous débattons prévoit de s’en remettre au CNTE. Il se trouve que j’en suis membre, comme nos collègues M. Loïc Prud’homme et Mme Florence Lasserre, ainsi que Mme Bérangère Abba avant sa nomination au Gouvernement. Les travaux qu’il mène sont très intéressants et je m’efforce d’y siéger aussi souvent que possible. Toutefois, il faut bien admettre qu’il s’en tient à une approche très généraliste. Le comité de suivi, lui, sera dédié au sujet spécifique du présent projet de loi. Par ailleurs, notre collègue M. Lionel Causse appelle notre attention sur la présence, au sein de ce comité, de parlementaires susceptibles d’être remplacés lors des élections, mais tel est aussi le cas du CNTE, à l’identique. Il ne s’agit donc pas d’un bon argument, je le dis sincèrement. En revanche, si l’on se penche sur les exigences que j’évoquais tout à l’heure et qui seront formellement exprimées en commission des affaires économiques – je le dis en toute transparence, car l’amendement a été publié –, on constate que si les parlementaires ne sont pas oubliés, le monde agricole, les ONG et les scientifiques – par exemple l’ANSES, l’INRAE, le CNRS ou encore l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) – ne le sont pas davantage. Disposer d’un comité de suivi et de contrôle dédié me semble une bonne chose. En outre, l’amendement, que nous avons travaillé à plusieurs, précise que le comité de suivi et de contrôle – je tiens beaucoup à ce dernier mot – rendra compte tous les trois mois des progrès réalisés. Il exercera donc un suivi assez rigoureux. Je rappelle que le CNTE se réunit en moyenne tous les deux mois, avec un ordre du jour pléthorique. Je préfère un comité de suivi dédié se réunissant tous les trois mois qu’un recours au CNTE dont l’approche est généraliste et l’ordre du jour très chargé. Certes, on peut me renvoyer l’argument. Quoi qu’il en soit, il me semble nécessaire, à un moment donné, de disposer d’une structure simple et efficace. À mes yeux, l’efficacité doit primer.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 413,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1373",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nde24a08e7f42",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Afin d’éclairer nos débats, j’aimerais évoquer une nouvelle fois le travail réalisé en commission des affaires économiques, dont vous pouvez d’ores et déjà consulter les amendements, chers collègues. L’un d’entre eux, élaboré avec plusieurs de nos collègues et déclaré recevable, comporte une proposition très forte sur le comité de suivi et de contrôle, s’agissant de sa définition – notamment son périmètre et ses membres – et de son rôle L’amendement dont nous débattons prévoit de s’en remettre au CNTE. Il se trouve que j’en suis membre, comme nos collègues M. Loïc Prud’homme et Mme [PERSONNE], ainsi que Mme [PERSONNE] avant sa nomination au Gouvernement. Les travaux qu’il mène sont très intéressants et je m’efforce d’y siéger aussi souvent que possible. Toutefois, il faut bien admettre qu’il s’en tient à une approche très généraliste. Le comité de suivi, lui, sera dédié au sujet spécifique du présent projet de loi. Par ailleurs, notre collègue M. [PERSONNE] appelle notre attention sur la présence, au sein de ce comité, de parlementaires susceptibles d’être remplacés lors des élections, mais tel est aussi le cas du CNTE, à l’identique. Il ne s’agit donc pas d’un bon argument, je le dis sincèrement. En revanche, si l’on se penche sur les exigences que j’évoquais tout à l’heure et qui seront formellement exprimées en commission des affaires économiques – je le dis en toute transparence, car l’amendement a été publié –, on constate que si les parlementaires ne sont pas oubliés, le monde agricole, les ONG et les scientifiques – par exemple l’ANSES, l’INRAE, le CNRS ou encore l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) – ne le sont pas davantage. Disposer d’un comité de suivi et de contrôle dédié me semble une bonne chose. En outre, l’amendement, que nous avons travaillé à plusieurs, précise que le comité de suivi et de contrôle – je tiens beaucoup à ce dernier mot – rendra compte tous les trois mois des progrès réalisés. Il exercera donc un suivi assez rigoureux. Je rappelle que le CNTE se réunit en moyenne tous les deux mois, avec un ordre du jour pléthorique. Je préfère un comité de suivi dédié se réunissant tous les trois mois qu’un recours au CNTE dont l’approche est généraliste et l’ordre du jour très chargé. Certes, on peut me renvoyer l’argument. Quoi qu’il en soit, il me semble nécessaire, à un moment donné, de disposer d’une structure simple et efficace. À mes yeux, l’efficacité doit primer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721514",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Kerbarh",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Kerbarh",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1379",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1379"
   ],
   "order": 1379,
   "text": "L’amendement de notre collègue M. Lionel Causse s’inscrit dans la même dynamique que celui que j’ai défendu tout à l’heure. On se plaint régulièrement que les députés ne disposent pas des moyens de contrôler l’application de la loi. Le CNTE existe, et existera toujours après nous, normalement – sauf si nous nous rangeons à la proposition suivante, certes un peu audacieuse : si les travaux menés par le CNTE sont trop superficiels, si l’ordre du jour y est pléthorique, supprimons-le ! J’invite notre collègue à maintenir son amendement",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 88,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1379",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N4eb151fe507e",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement de notre collègue M. [PERSONNE] s’inscrit dans la même dynamique que celui que j’ai défendu tout à l’heure. On se plaint régulièrement que les députés ne disposent pas des moyens de contrôler l’application de la loi. Le CNTE existe, et existera toujours après nous, normalement – sauf si nous nous rangeons à la proposition suivante, certes un peu audacieuse : si les travaux menés par le CNTE sont trop superficiels, si l’ordre du jour y est pléthorique, supprimons-le ! J’invite notre collègue à maintenir son amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1380",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1380",
    "1381",
    "1382",
    "1383",
    "1384",
    "1385",
    "1386"
   ],
   "order": 1380,
   "text": "Je suis venu prendre le pouls du débat avant l’examen du texte en commission des affaires économiques prévu demain. Pour l’heure, j’évoquerai les questions de comitologie et de gouvernance Je suis assez stupéfait qu’on envisage de créer un comité de suivi, censé se réunir chaque trimestre, pour 400 000 hectares et une molécule. Peut-être faut-il rappeler que la betterave est une plante annuelle et qu’il n’est pas souhaitable de verser dans la comitologie ! Je rappelle qu’un préfet a été nommé coordonnateur interministériel du plan de réduction de l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires et du plan de sortie du glyphosate. Je ne voudrais pas que nous nous ridiculisions complètement au cours de cette législature. La France compte 28 millions d’hectares de terres cultivées, lesquelles posent une centaine de problèmes distincts, qui certes ne sont pas tous aussi graves que celui des néonicotinoïdes, mais tout de même ! Outre le CNTE et un éventuel comité de suivi de l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes sur les betteraves, il existe un plan élaboré en 2008, Ecophyto 2018, qui a prospéré un temps avant d’être quasiment abandonné en cours de route. Il prévoyait un comité d’orientation stratégique et de suivi incluant des parlementaires. Or la loi dite « ÉGALIM » que vous avez votée, chers collègues de la majorité, les en exclut. Je l’ai présidé pendant cinq ans, conjointement avec le ministre concerné. Je vous assure qu’il a fait son travail de contrôle et de prospective, avant d’être laissé en rade. Et on envisage à présent de créer des comités de surveillance thématiques par molécule ? Cette voie est sans issue ! Il faut réactiver le plan Ecophyto – monsieur le ministre, je formulerai des propositions en ce sens. Il faut le réarmer ; il faut certainement rendre au Parlement son pouvoir de contrôle en la matière. Dès lors que les solutions sont systémiques – vous l’avez très bien dit, car vous en êtes convaincu – et agriculturales, on ne peut pas en débattre molécule par molécule, sauf à précipiter la société et l’agriculture dans des combats frontaux sans issue. Il faut reprendre la voie d’une réforme systémique, dans le cadre du plan Ecophyto 2018 élaboré lors du Grenelle de l’environnement. S’il n’a pas joué pleinement son rôle – malheureusement –, c’est en raison de la pression des lobbies et, parfois, de l’incurie publique. Nous nous opposerons à la constitution de comités Théodule.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 396,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1380",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf42d5e7026e6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis venu prendre le pouls du débat avant l’examen du texte en commission des affaires économiques prévu demain. Pour l’heure, j’évoquerai les questions de comitologie et de gouvernance Je suis assez stupéfait qu’on envisage de créer un comité de suivi, censé se réunir chaque trimestre, pour 400 000 hectares et une molécule. Peut-être faut-il rappeler que la betterave est une plante annuelle et qu’il n’est pas souhaitable de verser dans la comitologie ! Je rappelle qu’un préfet a été nommé coordonnateur interministériel du plan de réduction de l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires et du plan de sortie du glyphosate. Je ne voudrais pas que nous nous ridiculisions complètement au cours de cette législature. La France compte 28 millions d’hectares de terres cultivées, lesquelles posent une centaine de problèmes distincts, qui certes ne sont pas tous aussi graves que celui des néonicotinoïdes, mais tout de même ! Outre le CNTE et un éventuel comité de suivi de l’utilisation de néonicotinoïdes sur les betteraves, il existe un plan élaboré en 2008, Ecophyto 2018, qui a prospéré un temps avant d’être quasiment abandonné en cours de route. Il prévoyait un comité d’orientation stratégique et de suivi incluant des parlementaires. Or la loi dite « ÉGALIM » que vous avez votée, chers collègues de la majorité, les en exclut. Je l’ai présidé pendant cinq ans, conjointement avec le ministre concerné. Je vous assure qu’il a fait son travail de contrôle et de prospective, avant d’être laissé en rade. Et on envisage à présent de créer des comités de surveillance thématiques par molécule ? Cette voie est sans issue ! Il faut réactiver le plan Ecophyto – monsieur le ministre, je formulerai des propositions en ce sens. Il faut le réarmer ; il faut certainement rendre au Parlement son pouvoir de contrôle en la matière. Dès lors que les solutions sont systémiques – vous l’avez très bien dit, car vous en êtes convaincu – et agriculturales, on ne peut pas en débattre molécule par molécule, sauf à précipiter la société et l’agriculture dans des combats frontaux sans issue. Il faut reprendre la voie d’une réforme systémique, dans le cadre du plan Ecophyto 2018 élaboré lors du Grenelle de l’environnement. S’il n’a pas joué pleinement son rôle – malheureusement –, c’est en raison de la pression des lobbies et, parfois, de l’incurie publique. Nous nous opposerons à la constitution de comités Théodule."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719922",
   "speaker": "Lionel Causse",
   "quality": "M. Lionel Causse",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1387",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1387",
    "1388"
   ],
   "order": 1387,
   "text": "Je confirme le retrait de l’amendement, dans l’attente du débat que nous aurons demain en commission des affaires économiques. En fonction de son issue, je le déposerai à nouveau, ou non, en vue de l’examen du texte en séance publique L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 43,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1387",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N651295918ea5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je confirme le retrait de l’amendement, dans l’attente du débat que nous aurons demain en commission des affaires économiques. En fonction de son issue, je le déposerai à nouveau, ou non, en vue de l’examen du texte en séance publique L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1391",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1391",
    "1392",
    "1393",
    "1394",
    "1395",
    "1396",
    "1397"
   ],
   "order": 1391,
   "text": "Cet amendement offre l’occasion de revenir sur les arguments régulièrement avancés par la rapporteure pour avis ou le ministre à propos de la filière de la betterave sucrière en France Son problème ne se réduit pas à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Il découle de causes structurelles que le présent texte ne traite pas, notamment la dérégulation du marché mondial avec l’abandon, en 2017, du système des quotas et du prix minimum garanti, et la surproduction à l’échelle mondiale qui a provoqué un effondrement des cours et déstabilisé la filière. Le texte ignore ces questions ; nous sommes prêts, nous, à les poser. Les agriculteurs concernés ont dû se livrer à une course effrénée à la surproduction qui ne leur permet pas de vivre dignement. J’en viens à la question – maintes fois évoquée – de la souveraineté alimentaire. Elle n’est nullement menacée par la jaunisse de la betterave, quelques chiffres suffisent à le prouver. La France est le premier producteur européen de sucre et le deuxième producteur mondial de betteraves à sucre ; près de la moitié de la production de sucre est exportée, et nous consommons le reste. Par conséquent, la souveraineté alimentaire n’est pas en jeu. Par ailleurs, j’aimerais aborder un point brièvement évoqué tout à l’heure. Un chiffre circule dans les médias : les pertes de rendement induites par le virus de la jaunisse de la betterave pourraient s’élever à 50 % des revenus de l’agriculteur. Ce chiffre est faux. Par rapport à la moyenne observée en 2015, les pertes de rendement constatées en 2019 augmentent d’environ 12,5 %. Quant à la question des emplois que vous avez soulevée à plusieurs reprises, monsieur le ministre, et dont je ne nie pas qu’elle est importante, les 46 000 emplois de la filière ne sont pas tous menacés, car les zones assurant 40 % de la production – correspondant aux anciennes régions Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Champagne-Ardenne, Alsace et Lorraine, ainsi qu’à la région Pays de la Loire – sont très peu affectées par la maladie. Les prévisions de rendement y sont quasi stables : celui-ci devrait diminuer de 1,6 % dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais, de 1,3 % en Champagne-Ardenne, de 1 % dans les Pays de la Loire et de 3,9 % en Alsace ; il devrait augmenter de 2,6 % en Lorraine. Cet argument n’est donc pas recevable. S’il s’agit de s’attaquer aux causes structurelles des problèmes de la filière, nous sommes d’accord. Réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes par dérogation ne les réglera pas. J’aimerais obtenir des réponses directes à ces arguments. Enfin, j’espère que le Gouvernement, dans l’attention qu’il porte aux emplois, est tout aussi attentif à ceux de la sucrerie de Toury qui, après 145 années d’existence, risque la fermeture au mois d’octobre. Son cas est emblématique de la situation des sucreries françaises. De surcroît, elle a été très active pendant la période de confinement, en fabriquant notamment du gel hydro-alcoolique en grande quantité.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 482,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1391",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5c6c7ac02edc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement offre l’occasion de revenir sur les arguments régulièrement avancés par la rapporteure pour avis ou le ministre à propos de la filière de la betterave sucrière en France Son problème ne se réduit pas à l’utilisation des néonicotinoïdes. Il découle de causes structurelles que le présent texte ne traite pas, notamment la dérégulation du marché mondial avec l’abandon, en 2017, du système des quotas et du prix minimum garanti, et la surproduction à l’échelle mondiale qui a provoqué un effondrement des cours et déstabilisé la filière. Le texte ignore ces questions ; nous sommes prêts, nous, à les poser. Les agriculteurs concernés ont dû se livrer à une course effrénée à la surproduction qui ne leur permet pas de vivre dignement. J’en viens à la question – maintes fois évoquée – de la souveraineté alimentaire. Elle n’est nullement menacée par la jaunisse de la betterave, quelques chiffres suffisent à le prouver. La France est le premier producteur européen de sucre et le deuxième producteur mondial de betteraves à sucre ; près de la moitié de la production de sucre est exportée, et nous consommons le reste. Par conséquent, la souveraineté alimentaire n’est pas en jeu. Par ailleurs, j’aimerais aborder un point brièvement évoqué tout à l’heure. Un chiffre circule dans les médias : les pertes de rendement induites par le virus de la jaunisse de la betterave pourraient s’élever à 50 % des revenus de l’agriculteur. Ce chiffre est faux. Par rapport à la moyenne observée en 2015, les pertes de rendement constatées en 2019 augmentent d’environ 12,5 %. Quant à la question des emplois que vous avez soulevée à plusieurs reprises, monsieur le ministre, et dont je ne nie pas qu’elle est importante, les 46 000 emplois de la filière ne sont pas tous menacés, car les zones assurant 40 % de la production – correspondant aux anciennes régions Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Champagne-Ardenne, Alsace et Lorraine, ainsi qu’à la région Pays de la Loire – sont très peu affectées par la maladie. Les prévisions de rendement y sont quasi stables : celui-ci devrait diminuer de 1,6 % dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais, de 1,3 % en Champagne-Ardenne, de 1 % dans les Pays de la Loire et de 3,9 % en Alsace ; il devrait augmenter de 2,6 % en Lorraine. Cet argument n’est donc pas recevable. S’il s’agit de s’attaquer aux causes structurelles des problèmes de la filière, nous sommes d’accord. Réintroduire les néonicotinoïdes par dérogation ne les réglera pas. J’aimerais obtenir des réponses directes à ces arguments. Enfin, j’espère que le Gouvernement, dans l’attention qu’il porte aux emplois, est tout aussi attentif à ceux de la sucrerie de Toury qui, après 145 années d’existence, risque la fermeture au mois d’octobre. Son cas est emblématique de la situation des sucreries françaises. De surcroît, elle a été très active pendant la période de confinement, en fabriquant notamment du gel hydro-alcoolique en grande quantité."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1398",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1398"
   ],
   "order": 1398,
   "text": "Je vous ai déjà indiqué ma position. Il est nécessaire de faire évoluer notre modèle agricole. Tel est le sens des contreparties demandées à la filière de la betterave sucrière, telles que l’interdiction de planter des cultures mellifères après usage de néonicotinoïdes et l’incitation à évoluer vers l’agro‑écologie, notamment en plantant des haies. Sur le fond, votre amendement, qui vise à supprimer la date d’entrée en vigueur du projet de loi, fait l’objet d’un avis défavorable",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1398",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N7c2997703362",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous ai déjà indiqué ma position. Il est nécessaire de faire évoluer notre modèle agricole. Tel est le sens des contreparties demandées à la filière de la betterave sucrière, telles que l’interdiction de planter des cultures mellifères après usage de néonicotinoïdes et l’incitation à évoluer vers l’agro‑écologie, notamment en plantant des haies. Sur le fond, votre amendement, qui vise à supprimer la date d’entrée en vigueur du projet de loi, fait l’objet d’un avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1399",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1399",
    "1400",
    "1401",
    "1402",
    "1403",
    "1404",
    "1405",
    "1406",
    "1407",
    "1408"
   ],
   "order": 1399,
   "text": "L’avis du Gouvernement est défavorable. Madame Mathilde Panot, je vais répondre à vos questions dans l’ordre inverse de celui dans lequel vous les avez posées Vous affirmez que certaines régions ne sont pas affectées par la jaunisse de la betterave en vous fondant sur les chiffres de l’année en cours, si j’ai bien compris. Ces chiffres ne sont pas consolidés, comme vous l’avez dit, dès lors que, dans certaines régions, les récoltes commencent à peine. Il s’avère que l’épidémie de jaunisse ayant sévi cette année présente un gradient très prononcé allant du sud au nord. Celle de l’année précédente, au cours de laquelle aucun néonicotinoïde n’a été utilisé, présentait un gradient d’est en ouest. Autrement dit, nous ne savons pas, à l’heure actuelle, comment évolue cette maladie. La difficulté est que nous ne savons pas prédire les mouvements des pucerons. En outre, nous ne savons toujours pas, dans l’état actuel de la science, où ils se chargent du virus. Là réside notre point de faiblesse. Vous pouvez asséner des chiffres : la réalité, c’est que nous ne savons pas prédire où la jaunisse sévira. S’agissant de la perte de rendement subie par les agriculteurs, j’indique une nouvelle fois – en m’excusant auprès de vos collègues qui m’ont entendu le dire à plusieurs reprises – qu’il ne s’agit pas de raisonner en fonction du rendement de sortie des sucreries, mais de se mettre à la place de l’agriculteur qui est souverain dans son choix de planter de la betterave, des céréales ou ce qu’il souhaite. Lorsque vous êtes agriculteur, votre métier consiste d’abord à planter des variétés qui poussent bien ou à élever un animal qui grandit bien. Lorsque vous êtes agriculteur et que vous êtes confronté à une maladie dont on ignore le remède, tel l’agriculteur au milieu de son champ de betteraves frappées par la jaunisse, je vous assure que cela vous prend aux tripes. Par ailleurs, l’agriculteur est souverain dans son choix. Lorsqu’il constate que certaines cultures subissent les lourdes conséquences d’une maladie dont on ne peut prédire où elle va frapper, lorsqu’il sait qu’il risque de perdre de l’argent et d’affronter la difficulté posée par un champ de plantes malades, il plante autre chose, et vous feriez certainement le même choix si vous étiez à sa place, madame Mathilde Panot. Enfin – ma précédente réponse, adressée à votre collègue M. Loïc Prud’homme, démontre qu’il existe une cohérence de vues au sein de la France insoumise à ce sujet, ce dont je me félicite –, il faudra vraiment, un jour, que vous m’expliquiez – car je ne parviens pas à le comprendre – le modèle économique que vous appelez de vos vœux. J’ai évoqué le secteur automobile en réponse à M. Loïc Prud’homme ; je pourrais évoquer celui du médicament, bien représenté dans votre circonscription. Prendre prétexte du fait qu’une filière exporte pour affirmer que ne plus le faire suffirait à résoudre ses problèmes relève d’un modèle économique qui, franchement, me dépasse. Allez dire aux salariés de Renault, de Peugeot – ou de Sanofi, implanté dans votre circonscription – que la meilleure des solutions économiques est de ne plus exporter : je ne suis pas certain qu’ils comprennent votre choix.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 532,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1399",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd8a01112e82e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’avis du Gouvernement est défavorable. Madame [PERSONNE], je vais répondre à vos questions dans l’ordre inverse de celui dans lequel vous les avez posées Vous affirmez que certaines régions ne sont pas affectées par la jaunisse de la betterave en vous fondant sur les chiffres de l’année en cours, si j’ai bien compris. Ces chiffres ne sont pas consolidés, comme vous l’avez dit, dès lors que, dans certaines régions, les récoltes commencent à peine. Il s’avère que l’épidémie de jaunisse ayant sévi cette année présente un gradient très prononcé allant du sud au nord. Celle de l’année précédente, au cours de laquelle aucun néonicotinoïde n’a été utilisé, présentait un gradient d’est en ouest. Autrement dit, nous ne savons pas, à l’heure actuelle, comment évolue cette maladie. La difficulté est que nous ne savons pas prédire les mouvements des pucerons. En outre, nous ne savons toujours pas, dans l’état actuel de la science, où ils se chargent du virus. Là réside notre point de faiblesse. Vous pouvez asséner des chiffres : la réalité, c’est que nous ne savons pas prédire où la jaunisse sévira. S’agissant de la perte de rendement subie par les agriculteurs, j’indique une nouvelle fois – en m’excusant auprès de vos collègues qui m’ont entendu le dire à plusieurs reprises – qu’il ne s’agit pas de raisonner en fonction du rendement de sortie des sucreries, mais de se mettre à la place de l’agriculteur qui est souverain dans son choix de planter de la betterave, des céréales ou ce qu’il souhaite. Lorsque vous êtes agriculteur, votre métier consiste d’abord à planter des variétés qui poussent bien ou à élever un animal qui grandit bien. Lorsque vous êtes agriculteur et que vous êtes confronté à une maladie dont on ignore le remède, tel l’agriculteur au milieu de son champ de betteraves frappées par la jaunisse, je vous assure que cela vous prend aux tripes. Par ailleurs, l’agriculteur est souverain dans son choix. Lorsqu’il constate que certaines cultures subissent les lourdes conséquences d’une maladie dont on ne peut prédire où elle va frapper, lorsqu’il sait qu’il risque de perdre de l’argent et d’affronter la difficulté posée par un champ de plantes malades, il plante autre chose, et vous feriez certainement le même choix si vous étiez à sa place, madame [PERSONNE]. Enfin – ma précédente réponse, adressée à votre collègue M. Loïc Prud’homme, démontre qu’il existe une cohérence de vues au sein de [GROUPE] à ce sujet, ce dont je me félicite –, il faudra vraiment, un jour, que vous m’expliquiez – car je ne parviens pas à le comprendre – le modèle économique que vous appelez de vos vœux. J’ai évoqué le secteur automobile en réponse à M. Loïc Prud’homme ; je pourrais évoquer celui du médicament, bien représenté dans votre circonscription. Prendre prétexte du fait qu’une filière exporte pour affirmer que ne plus le faire suffirait à résoudre ses problèmes relève d’un modèle économique qui, franchement, me dépasse. Allez dire aux salariés de Renault, de Peugeot – ou de Sanofi, implanté dans votre circonscription – que la meilleure des solutions économiques est de ne plus exporter : je ne suis pas certain qu’ils comprennent votre choix."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719578",
   "speaker": "Loïc Prud'homme",
   "quality": "M. Loïc Prud’homme",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1409",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1409",
    "1410",
    "1411",
    "1412",
    "1413",
    "1414"
   ],
   "order": 1409,
   "text": "Il me semble que vous caricaturez nos propos et faites semblant de ne pas les comprendre. Nous ne disons pas qu’il faut cesser d’exporter, mais que le problème de la filière de la betterave sucrière n’est pas un problème de souveraineté alimentaire et que si nous produisions moins de sucre, nos exportations diminueraient, mais notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale ne serait pas menacée Quant à l’analyse économique, nous avançons des chiffres et vous répondez qu’aucune prédiction n’est possible. En somme, ce projet de loi repose sur du vent. Nous ne disposons d’aucune prédiction, mais vous présentez un texte pour le cas où les choses se passeraient mal. Or des chiffres, il en faut, pour éviter de caricaturer les propos. On nous assène – mot que vous avez vous-même employé – celui de 46 000 emplois. On dénombre – ce chiffre est incontestable – 26 000 agriculteurs plantant de la betterave. Notre collègue Mme Mathilde Panot a indiqué qu’ils sont plus ou moins concernés selon les régions. En l’espèce, pour une fois, la liberté du marché n’est plus votre credo ! J’en prends note et m’en félicite. D’après les prévisions élaborées par les professionnels, seules quelques centaines des 26 000 agriculteurs seront concernées. Nous souhaitons qu’ils bénéficient d’un accompagnement, ce qui est tout à fait réaliste compte tenu des volumes concernés et des modalités envisageables. En avançant le chiffre de 20 000 emplois prétendument concernés, vous reprenez à votre compte celui du géant sucrier Tereos qui repose sur des extrapolations absolument fantasques : d’après l’évaluation dont nous disposons, entre 5 000 et 6 000 emplois sont concernés. Ainsi, débattons de données cadrées, correctes, argumentées et documentées, pour déterminer comment aider concrètement les quelques centaines d’agriculteurs qui seront confrontés au problème au mois de mars prochain. Ils devront arbitrer – cela fait partie de leur métier d’agriculteur – entre plusieurs cultures pour leurs champs. Nous les accompagnerons si nécessaire, conformément au rôle que doit, à nos yeux, endosser la puissance publique : réorienter notre modèle agricole vers un modèle d’autonomie alimentaire et de relocalisation des productions. Monsieur le ministre, si vous ne comprenez pas le modèle agricole que nous défendons depuis trois ans, c’est que nous n’avons pas été clairs ou que vous n’écoutez pas bien. Je suis tout à fait disposé à vous expliquer comment nous parviendrons à mener la transition que nous appelons de nos vœux, documentée par de nombreux agroéconomistes, par des économistes et par des agriculteurs. Cette affaire-là est tout à fait raisonnable, concrète et désirable, notamment pour les agriculteurs qu’il faut laisser exercer leur métier de façon intelligente afin qu’ils en tirent un revenu décent, ce qui n’est pas le cas à l’heure actuelle.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 446,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1409",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N635e9e8f12d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "AIR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il me semble que vous caricaturez nos propos et faites semblant de ne pas les comprendre. Nous ne disons pas qu’il faut cesser d’exporter, mais que le problème de la filière de la betterave sucrière n’est pas un problème de souveraineté alimentaire et que si nous produisions moins de sucre, nos exportations diminueraient, mais notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale ne serait pas menacée Quant à l’analyse économique, nous avançons des chiffres et vous répondez qu’aucune prédiction n’est possible. En somme, ce projet de loi repose sur du vent. Nous ne disposons d’aucune prédiction, mais vous présentez un texte pour le cas où les choses se passeraient mal. Or des chiffres, il en faut, pour éviter de caricaturer les propos. On nous assène – mot que vous avez vous-même employé – celui de 46 000 emplois. On dénombre – ce chiffre est incontestable – 26 000 agriculteurs plantant de la betterave. Notre collègue Mme [PERSONNE] a indiqué qu’ils sont plus ou moins concernés selon les régions. En l’espèce, pour une fois, la liberté du marché n’est plus votre credo ! J’en prends note et m’en félicite. D’après les prévisions élaborées par les professionnels, seules quelques centaines des 26 000 agriculteurs seront concernées. Nous souhaitons qu’ils bénéficient d’un accompagnement, ce qui est tout à fait réaliste compte tenu des volumes concernés et des modalités envisageables. En avançant le chiffre de 20 000 emplois prétendument concernés, vous reprenez à votre compte celui du géant sucrier Tereos qui repose sur des extrapolations absolument fantasques : d’après l’évaluation dont nous disposons, entre 5 000 et 6 000 emplois sont concernés. Ainsi, débattons de données cadrées, correctes, argumentées et documentées, pour déterminer comment aider concrètement les quelques centaines d’agriculteurs qui seront confrontés au problème au mois de mars prochain. Ils devront arbitrer – cela fait partie de leur métier d’agriculteur – entre plusieurs cultures pour leurs champs. Nous les accompagnerons si nécessaire, conformément au rôle que doit, à nos yeux, endosser la puissance publique : réorienter notre modèle agricole vers un modèle d’autonomie alimentaire et de relocalisation des productions. Monsieur le ministre, si vous ne comprenez pas le modèle agricole que nous défendons depuis trois ans, c’est que nous n’avons pas été clairs ou que vous n’écoutez pas bien. Je suis tout à fait disposé à vous expliquer comment nous parviendrons à mener la transition que nous appelons de nos vœux, documentée par de nombreux agroéconomistes, par des économistes et par des agriculteurs. Cette affaire-là est tout à fait raisonnable, concrète et désirable, notamment pour les agriculteurs qu’il faut laisser exercer leur métier de façon intelligente afin qu’ils en tirent un revenu décent, ce qui n’est pas le cas à l’heure actuelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1420"
   ],
   "order": 1420,
   "text": "J’aimerais que notre rapporteure pour avis précise le statut des dispositions en vigueur interdisant les néonicotinoïdes lorsque la loi dont nous débattons sera promulguée et que le décret d’application ne sera pas publié. Sauf erreur de ma part, il est assez inhabituel que l’entrée en vigueur d’une loi dépende de la publication d’un décret, compte tenu de la hiérarchie des normes",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article unique (article L. 253-8 du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des substances de la famille des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p981",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1420",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8657fa5a6075",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’aimerais que notre rapporteure pour avis précise le statut des dispositions en vigueur interdisant les néonicotinoïdes lorsque la loi dont nous débattons sera promulguée et que le décret d’application ne sera pas publié. Sauf erreur de ma part, il est assez inhabituel que l’entrée en vigueur d’une loi dépende de la publication d’un décret, compte tenu de la hiérarchie des normes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1427",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1427",
    "1428",
    "1429",
    "1430",
    "1431",
    "1432",
    "1433",
    "1434"
   ],
   "order": 1427,
   "text": "Avant de présenter l’amendement, j’aimerais formuler quelques remarques en réponse à certains propos tenus tout à l’heure, que je ne peux pas laisser passer sans réagir Nous avons évoqué le CNTE et je n’ai pas pu reprendre la parole à la fin du débat. Il me semble que M. Dominique Potier exagère lorsqu’il évoque des comités Théodule consacrés chacun à une molécule. Nous travaillons par familles de molécules, en l’espèce les néonicotinoïdes. La question est donc un peu plus complexe que la présentation qu’il en fait, en suggérant qu’une réunion trimestrielle n’est pas un format adéquat. L’idée dont procède l’amendement que nous examinerons demain est la suivante : dès lors qu’il s’agit d’un sujet très technique, mieux vaut recourir à un comité dédié qu’au CNTE. Pourquoi se réunir tous les trois mois ? Parce que – ayant fait de la recherche pendant quinze ans, j’ai une certaine expérience en la matière – suivre sérieusement des travaux de recherche et d’innovation suppose de faire le point régulièrement. Nous estimons tous, M. le ministre au premier chef, qu’une certaine pression est nécessaire pour que les choses évoluent. Se réunir tous les trois mois pour ce faire ne me semble pas excessif. Je ne peux pas laisser dire que le comité de suivi ne servira à rien. À propos du glyphosate, cher collègue M. Loïc Prud’homme, vous avez dit avoir proposé des auditions qui n’ont jamais été menées, notamment de responsables de l’INRAE, et vous avez évoqué des travaux de recherche menés de 2013 à 2017. En tant que rapporteur de la mission d’information commune sur le suivi de la stratégie de sortie du glyphosate, entendre des propos aussi durs sur nos travaux me contrarie un peu. J’estime que nous travaillons bien. Il ne faut pas donner l’impression que nous ne faisons rien. De 2013 à 2017, de nombreux travaux ont été menés. Ils ont été rassemblés dans le rapport, que vous avez évoqué, publié par l’INRA – selon sa dénomination d’alors – au mois de novembre 2017. Depuis, et plus encore depuis l’installation de la mission d’information parlementaire dont vous êtes membre, cher collègue, nous avons régulièrement mené des auditions de chercheurs de l’INRAE. La plus récente date du 13 février dernier : nous avons auditionné le directeur scientifique agriculture de l’INRAE, M. Christian Huyghe, dont vous avez dit ce soir à plusieurs reprises qu’il soutenait certaines de vos mesures. Vous ne pouvez donc pas affirmer que nous passons sous silence les études de l’INRAE, d’autant moins que ses trois dernières études ont été envoyées à tous les membres de la mission d’information. Elles portent notamment sur les aspects économiques des problèmes soulevés par le glyphosate et les solutions alternatives au glyphosate, pour la viticulture comme pour l’arboriculture ou les grandes cultures. Je souhaite dissiper l’impression que cette mission d’information ne travaille pas, que pourraient avoir celles et ceux qui suivent notre débat. Tel n’est pas le cas. Monsieur Loïc Prud’homme, vous pouvez être en désaccord avec ses conclusions, mais vous ne pouvez pas donner à penser que nous avons jamais auditionné des responsables de l’INRAE, ce qui est faux. Je sais qu’il est tard, mais je tenais à procéder à ces rappels. À un moment donné, il faut cesser de nous prendre pour des imbéciles. J’en viens à l’amendement. Il prévoit la création d’un article additionnel après l’article unique, disposant que les dérogations prévues à l’article précédent seront accordées uniquement pour l’emploi de semences de betteraves sucrières. J’ai présenté cet amendement en détail tout à l’heure, je n’insiste pas – on voudra bien m’excuser d’avoir été trop long.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 597,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1427",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N58458e8fdf53",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avant de présenter l’amendement, j’aimerais formuler quelques remarques en réponse à certains propos tenus tout à l’heure, que je ne peux pas laisser passer sans réagir Nous avons évoqué le CNTE et je n’ai pas pu reprendre la parole à la fin du débat. Il me semble que M. [PERSONNE] exagère lorsqu’il évoque des comités Théodule consacrés chacun à une molécule. Nous travaillons par familles de molécules, en l’espèce les néonicotinoïdes. La question est donc un peu plus complexe que la présentation qu’il en fait, en suggérant qu’une réunion trimestrielle n’est pas un format adéquat. L’idée dont procède l’amendement que nous examinerons demain est la suivante : dès lors qu’il s’agit d’un sujet très technique, mieux vaut recourir à un comité dédié qu’au CNTE. Pourquoi se réunir tous les trois mois ? Parce que – ayant fait de la recherche pendant quinze ans, j’ai une certaine expérience en la matière – suivre sérieusement des travaux de recherche et d’innovation suppose de faire le point régulièrement. Nous estimons tous, M. le ministre au premier chef, qu’une certaine pression est nécessaire pour que les choses évoluent. Se réunir tous les trois mois pour ce faire ne me semble pas excessif. Je ne peux pas laisser dire que le comité de suivi ne servira à rien. À propos du glyphosate, cher collègue M. Loïc Prud’homme, vous avez dit avoir proposé des auditions qui n’ont jamais été menées, notamment de responsables de l’INRAE, et vous avez évoqué des travaux de recherche menés de 2013 à 2017. En tant que rapporteur de la mission d’information commune sur le suivi de la stratégie de sortie du glyphosate, entendre des propos aussi durs sur nos travaux me contrarie un peu. J’estime que nous travaillons bien. Il ne faut pas donner l’impression que nous ne faisons rien. De 2013 à 2017, de nombreux travaux ont été menés. Ils ont été rassemblés dans le rapport, que vous avez évoqué, publié par l’INRA – selon sa dénomination d’alors – au mois de novembre 2017. Depuis, et plus encore depuis l’installation de la mission d’information parlementaire dont vous êtes membre, cher collègue, nous avons régulièrement mené des auditions de chercheurs de l’INRAE. La plus récente date du 13 février dernier : nous avons auditionné le directeur scientifique agriculture de l’INRAE, M. Christian Huyghe, dont vous avez dit ce soir à plusieurs reprises qu’il soutenait certaines de vos mesures. Vous ne pouvez donc pas affirmer que nous passons sous silence les études de l’INRAE, d’autant moins que ses trois dernières études ont été envoyées à tous les membres de la mission d’information. Elles portent notamment sur les aspects économiques des problèmes soulevés par le glyphosate et les solutions alternatives au glyphosate, pour la viticulture comme pour l’arboriculture ou les grandes cultures. Je souhaite dissiper l’impression que cette mission d’information ne travaille pas, que pourraient avoir celles et ceux qui suivent notre débat. Tel n’est pas le cas. Monsieur Loïc Prud’homme, vous pouvez être en désaccord avec ses conclusions, mais vous ne pouvez pas donner à penser que nous avons jamais auditionné des responsables de l’INRAE, ce qui est faux. Je sais qu’il est tard, mais je tenais à procéder à ces rappels. À un moment donné, il faut cesser de nous prendre pour des imbéciles. J’en viens à l’amendement. Il prévoit la création d’un article additionnel après l’article unique, disposant que les dérogations prévues à l’article précédent seront accordées uniquement pour l’emploi de semences de betteraves sucrières. J’ai présenté cet amendement en détail tout à l’heure, je n’insiste pas – on voudra bien m’excuser d’avoir été trop long."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1436"
   ],
   "order": 1436,
   "text": "Le Gouvernement émet un avis de sagesse, pour les raisons que j’évoquais. L’amendement court un risque d’inconstitutionnalité au regard du principe d’égalité. Je propose que nous poursuivions nos travaux sur ce sujet d’ici l’examen du texte dans l’hémicycle, tout en réitérant les engagements que j’ai pris tout à l’heure et en indiquant que je comprends parfaitement la demande du groupe majoritaire, exprimée par M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 66,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1436",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Neb976ac7f9f7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le Gouvernement émet un avis de sagesse, pour les raisons que j’évoquais. L’amendement court un risque d’inconstitutionnalité au regard du principe d’égalité. Je propose que nous poursuivions nos travaux sur ce sujet d’ici l’examen du texte dans l’hémicycle, tout en réitérant les engagements que j’ai pris tout à l’heure et en indiquant que je comprends parfaitement la demande du groupe majoritaire, exprimée par M. [PERSONNE]"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719194",
   "speaker": "Yolaine de Courson",
   "quality": "Mme Yolaine de Courson",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1437",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1437",
    "1438",
    "1439",
    "1440",
    "1441"
   ],
   "order": 1437,
   "text": "En vous écoutant, mes chers collègues, le doute m’habite, comme dirait Pierre Desproges – soit dit pour réveiller un peu l’assistance ! Nous débattons d’un drôle de projet de loi. Il porte sur les betteraves, mais il ne faut pas le dire ; nous débattons donc de la question de savoir si les fleurs sont concernées ou non. En outre, l’étude d’impact est indigente. Par exemple, elle ne présente pas même une pluralité de scénarios pour l’industrie sucrière, et ne dit rien du coût des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes rapporté à celui des autres, ni des conséquences du texte pour les agriculteurs. Nous aurions aimé savoir quelles peuvent être les conséquences, de A à Z, des dérogations prévues. Nous ne le savons pas. Quant aux divers comités que nous évoquons, je comprends bien que nos collègues souhaitent conserver le contrôle de la situation afin d’éviter qu’elle ne dégénère, mais j’ai le sentiment que nous tentons de faire entrer un édredon dans une valise de toutes nos forces, par différents procédés. Pour ma part, je m’interroge : si tout cela n’a pas fonctionné d’ici trois ans, que fait-on ? Que prévoit l’étude d’impact en pareil cas ? J’ai bien compris que nous allons tout faire pour que cela fonctionne, que les dérogations prévues seront élaborées à cette fin et que nous aurons alors trouvé la solution à tous nos problèmes. Mais si cela ne fonctionne pas, que se passera-t-il ?",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 239,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1437",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb0c3ab20f0d3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En vous écoutant, mes chers collègues, le doute m’habite, comme dirait Pierre Desproges – soit dit pour réveiller un peu l’assistance ! Nous débattons d’un drôle de projet de loi. Il porte sur les betteraves, mais il ne faut pas le dire ; nous débattons donc de la question de savoir si les fleurs sont concernées ou non. En outre, l’étude d’impact est indigente. Par exemple, elle ne présente pas même une pluralité de scénarios pour l’industrie sucrière, et ne dit rien du coût des semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes rapporté à celui des autres, ni des conséquences du texte pour les agriculteurs. Nous aurions aimé savoir quelles peuvent être les conséquences, de A à Z, des dérogations prévues. Nous ne le savons pas. Quant aux divers comités que nous évoquons, je comprends bien que nos collègues souhaitent conserver le contrôle de la situation afin d’éviter qu’elle ne dégénère, mais j’ai le sentiment que nous tentons de faire entrer un édredon dans une valise de toutes nos forces, par différents procédés. Pour ma part, je m’interroge : si tout cela n’a pas fonctionné d’ici trois ans, que fait-on ? Que prévoit l’étude d’impact en pareil cas ? J’ai bien compris que nous allons tout faire pour que cela fonctionne, que les dérogations prévues seront élaborées à cette fin et que nous aurons alors trouvé la solution à tous nos problèmes. Mais si cela ne fonctionne pas, que se passera-t-il ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1442",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1442",
    "1443",
    "1444",
    "1445"
   ],
   "order": 1442,
   "text": "Sur le fond, ni l’article unique du projet de loi ni l’article additionnel proposé ne comportent la moindre précision de circonstances ou de temps. Autrement dit, il s’agit d’une autorisation généralisée d’emploi de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes pour la filière de la betterave sucrière Par ailleurs, j’aimerais signaler la manœuvre légistique consistant à inscrire la limitation à la filière de la betterave sucrière des dérogations par le biais d’un article additionnel qui sera censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel. La version finale du projet de loi sera donc réduite à l’article unique. Toute l’habileté consiste à faire en sorte que le groupe majoritaire, au cours du débat parlementaire, semble obtenir l’inscription dans le texte, noir sur blanc, d’une limitation des dérogations à la filière de la betterave sucrière, qui est toutefois totalement fictive, dès lors que l’article qui la prévoit sera censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel. Chers collègues de la majorité, si vous n’aviez pas la certitude que l’article additionnel sera censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel, vous inscririez la filière de la betterave sucrière à l’article unique. Vous l’inscrivez à l’article additionnel car – la ministre de la transition écologique l’a très bien dit – il sera probablement censuré. Je tenais à le dire, pour que ce point soit clair pour tout le monde.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 213,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1442",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbd95b56cdbbf",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fond, ni l’article unique du projet de loi ni l’article additionnel proposé ne comportent la moindre précision de circonstances ou de temps. Autrement dit, il s’agit d’une autorisation généralisée d’emploi de semences enrobées de néonicotinoïdes pour la filière de la betterave sucrière Par ailleurs, j’aimerais signaler la manœuvre légistique consistant à inscrire la limitation à la filière de la betterave sucrière des dérogations par le biais d’un article additionnel qui sera censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel. La version finale du projet de loi sera donc réduite à l’article unique. Toute l’habileté consiste à faire en sorte que le groupe majoritaire, au cours du débat parlementaire, semble obtenir l’inscription dans le texte, noir sur blanc, d’une limitation des dérogations à la filière de la betterave sucrière, qui est toutefois totalement fictive, dès lors que l’article qui la prévoit sera censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel. Chers collègues de la majorité, si vous n’aviez pas la certitude que l’article additionnel sera censuré par le Conseil constitutionnel, vous inscririez la filière de la betterave sucrière à l’article unique. Vous l’inscrivez à l’article additionnel car – la ministre de la transition écologique l’a très bien dit – il sera probablement censuré. Je tenais à le dire, pour que ce point soit clair pour tout le monde."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607553",
   "speaker": "Dominique Potier",
   "quality": "M. Dominique Potier",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1447",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1447",
    "1448",
    "1449",
    "1450",
    "1451"
   ],
   "order": 1447,
   "text": "Je ne voudrais surtout pas donner l’impression d’une mauvaise polémique avec notre collègue M. Jean-Luc Fugit. Franchement, je ne suis pas venu pour allumer de mauvaises controverses J’estime simplement que l’invention de comités molécule par molécule ou famille de molécules par famille de molécules est d’un archaïsme complet, en plus d’être totalement démagogique et inefficace. Il ne se trouvera pas un scientifique pour lui accorder le moindre crédit. Il s’agit d’un outil politique, qui permet de calmer le jeu. Lorsqu’un problème se pose, on crée un comité – en cas d’accident, on crée un comité d’accidentologie, et ainsi de suite. Ce n’est pas une bonne façon de faire. Les politiques publiques doivent être menées de façon globale, dans le temps et au bon niveau d’action. Ni le CNTE ni des comités par familles de molécules ne constituent une solution. La solution, de toute évidence, consiste à réactiver un mode de pilotage inventé en 2008 et qui est en panne. Je pose la question de l’efficacité de la gouvernance et de l’usage des moyens publics. Aucun agriculteur dont la ferme se consacre à la polyculture-élevage ne conçoit de dépendre de cinq comités pour mener à bien son exploitation. C’est bien à l’échelle de la globalité d’exploitation, et plus généralement de la globalité de la ferme France au sein du dessein européen qu’il faut penser, au moyen du plan Ecophyto 2018, dont la panne est à l’origine des crises que nous connaissons et qui nous enferment dans des impasses. Par-delà le débat de ce soir, je plaide en faveur de la réactivation d’une politique publique démocratique, transparente, claire, forte et puissamment armée, inscrite dans une visée européenne. C’est la seule issue ; à défaut, nous nous trouverons dans une impasse tous les deux ans.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 292,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1447",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N03521e34859a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne voudrais surtout pas donner l’impression d’une mauvaise polémique avec notre collègue M. [PERSONNE]. Franchement, je ne suis pas venu pour allumer de mauvaises controverses J’estime simplement que l’invention de comités molécule par molécule ou famille de molécules par famille de molécules est d’un archaïsme complet, en plus d’être totalement démagogique et inefficace. Il ne se trouvera pas un scientifique pour lui accorder le moindre crédit. Il s’agit d’un outil politique, qui permet de calmer le jeu. Lorsqu’un problème se pose, on crée un comité – en cas d’accident, on crée un comité d’accidentologie, et ainsi de suite. Ce n’est pas une bonne façon de faire. Les politiques publiques doivent être menées de façon globale, dans le temps et au bon niveau d’action. Ni le CNTE ni des comités par familles de molécules ne constituent une solution. La solution, de toute évidence, consiste à réactiver un mode de pilotage inventé en 2008 et qui est en panne. Je pose la question de l’efficacité de la gouvernance et de l’usage des moyens publics. Aucun agriculteur dont la ferme se consacre à la polyculture-élevage ne conçoit de dépendre de cinq comités pour mener à bien son exploitation. C’est bien à l’échelle de la globalité d’exploitation, et plus généralement de la globalité de la ferme France au sein du dessein européen qu’il faut penser, au moyen du plan Ecophyto 2018, dont la panne est à l’origine des crises que nous connaissons et qui nous enferment dans des impasses. Par-delà le débat de ce soir, je plaide en faveur de la réactivation d’une politique publique démocratique, transparente, claire, forte et puissamment armée, inscrite dans une visée européenne. C’est la seule issue ; à défaut, nous nous trouverons dans une impasse tous les deux ans."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1452",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1452",
    "1453",
    "1454",
    "1455"
   ],
   "order": 1452,
   "text": "Il est tard et il me semble que nous avons eu tous les débats souhaitables, mais je ne peux pas vous laisser tenir ces propos, madame Delphine Batho Évoquer une petite manœuvre organisée en insinuant que la majorité présidentielle – que vous attaquez directement à ce sujet – y prête la main, jamais je ne l’accepterai ! Vous pourrez lire le compte rendu de nos débats : j’ai indiqué tout à l’heure, en donnant l’avis du Gouvernement sur l’amendement, qu’il courait un risque constitutionnel. La manœuvre est si belle que je l’ai décrite du début à la fin ! La question de légistique que vous soulevez a été posée par le Conseil d’État lorsqu’il a examiné le projet de loi. Nous mettons en avant le risque juridique ; j’ai même démontré par A plus B que telle était précisément la raison pour laquelle le texte n’inclut pas le mot « betterave », alors même que l’engagement pris à ce sujet par le ministre que je suis et par ma collègue Mme Barbara Pompili consiste à ne prendre des arrêtés que s’ils sont prévus par une loi. J’ai même ajouté, tant la manœuvre est grosse, madame Delphine Batho, que la confiance n’excluant pas le contrôle, je comprends que le pouvoir législatif, que vous exercez avec d’autres, souhaite que la loi comporte ce mot. Vous sous-entendez à nouveau qu’il s’agit d’une manœuvre organisée de la majorité présidentielle ; jamais je ne laisserai tenir de tels propos sans réagir. Je soutiens pleinement cette majorité, qui ne mérite pas d’être traitée ainsi.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 258,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1452",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nca913c6170cd",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est tard et il me semble que nous avons eu tous les débats souhaitables, mais je ne peux pas vous laisser tenir ces propos, madame [PERSONNE] Évoquer une petite manœuvre organisée en insinuant que la majorité présidentielle – que vous attaquez directement à ce sujet – y prête la main, jamais je ne l’accepterai ! Vous pourrez lire le compte rendu de nos débats : j’ai indiqué tout à l’heure, en donnant l’avis du Gouvernement sur l’amendement, qu’il courait un risque constitutionnel. La manœuvre est si belle que je l’ai décrite du début à la fin ! La question de légistique que vous soulevez a été posée par le Conseil d’État lorsqu’il a examiné le projet de loi. Nous mettons en avant le risque juridique ; j’ai même démontré par A plus B que telle était précisément la raison pour laquelle le texte n’inclut pas le mot « betterave », alors même que l’engagement pris à ce sujet par le ministre que je suis et par ma collègue Mme [PERSONNE] consiste à ne prendre des arrêtés que s’ils sont prévus par une loi. J’ai même ajouté, tant la manœuvre est grosse, madame [PERSONNE], que la confiance n’excluant pas le contrôle, je comprends que le pouvoir législatif, que vous exercez avec d’autres, souhaite que la loi comporte ce mot. Vous sous-entendez à nouveau qu’il s’agit d’une manœuvre organisée de la majorité présidentielle ; jamais je ne laisserai tenir de tels propos sans réagir. Je soutiens pleinement cette majorité, qui ne mérite pas d’être traitée ainsi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1456",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1456",
    "1457",
    "1458"
   ],
   "order": 1456,
   "text": "Je m’abstiendrai de commenter les discours consistant à nous faire passer pour ce que nous ne sommes pas. C’est fatigant, mais c’est ainsi ; cela fait partie du jeu politique, paraît-il. Moi qui espérais tellement que tout cela évolue un peu ! Mes chers collègues, j’espère que nous serons nombreux à voter l’amendement, même si nous avons des nuances d’appréciation et des points de désaccord avec le ministre Je vous proposerai tout à l’heure d’adopter l’amendement CD42, qui sera le dernier que nous examinerons et donnera le signal de la libération pour ce soir. Il permettra de faire figurer le mot « betteraves » dans le titre du projet de loi. Nous verrons bien ce qu’il en sera ; ce soir, nous prenons date en indiquant notre souhait que les mots « betteraves sucrières » figurent dans le titre du texte, afin que son application soit restreinte à cette culture. Nous présentons ces amendements aujourd’hui avant de les présenter demain en commission des affaires économiques. Nous faisons – modestement mais sincèrement – notre travail d’élaboration de la loi, comme chacun ici. Il est dur de s’entendre dire que nous nous livrons à des magouilles. Madame Delphine Batho, j’ose espérer que mes fils n’entendront pas vos propos.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 206,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1456",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N990ca068b5f2",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’abstiendrai de commenter les discours consistant à nous faire passer pour ce que nous ne sommes pas. C’est fatigant, mais c’est ainsi ; cela fait partie du jeu politique, paraît-il. Moi qui espérais tellement que tout cela évolue un peu ! Mes chers collègues, j’espère que nous serons nombreux à voter l’amendement, même si nous avons des nuances d’appréciation et des points de désaccord avec le ministre Je vous proposerai tout à l’heure d’adopter l’amendement CD42, qui sera le dernier que nous examinerons et donnera le signal de la libération pour ce soir. Il permettra de faire figurer le mot « betteraves » dans le titre du projet de loi. Nous verrons bien ce qu’il en sera ; ce soir, nous prenons date en indiquant notre souhait que les mots « betteraves sucrières » figurent dans le titre du texte, afin que son application soit restreinte à cette culture. Nous présentons ces amendements aujourd’hui avant de les présenter demain en commission des affaires économiques. Nous faisons – modestement mais sincèrement – notre travail d’élaboration de la loi, comme chacun ici. Il est dur de s’entendre dire que nous nous livrons à des magouilles. Madame [PERSONNE], j’ose espérer que mes fils n’entendront pas vos propos."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1459",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1459",
    "1460"
   ],
   "order": 1459,
   "text": "Je tiens à ce que je vais dire figure au compte rendu de ce débat Il ne me semble pas que nous ayons attaqué personnellement quiconque parmi vous, chers collègues de la majorité. Jamais nous n’avons dit…",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 37,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1459",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nca0a25ce250c",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à ce que je vais dire figure au compte rendu de ce débat Il ne me semble pas que nous ayons attaqué personnellement quiconque parmi vous, chers collègues de la majorité. Jamais nous n’avons dit…"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1465",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1465",
    "1466"
   ],
   "order": 1465,
   "text": "Il faut accepter qu’il existe une opposition parlementaire, donc un débat d’idées. Nous ne sommes pas d’accord, ce qui n’est pas un problème : il suffit de prendre acte de nos différences d’opinions Il faut en finir avec les phrases telles que « J’espère que mes fils n’entendront pas vos propos », qui tuent le débat. Nous ne vous insultons pas. Je regrette : je suis députée, élue de la nation ; j’ai le droit de parler de ce dont bon me semble, de la forêt comme de tout. Personne n’est fondé à dire que je ne suis pas légitime pour aborder tel ou tel sujet.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article": "Article additionnel après l’article unique (article L. 253-8-3 [nouveau] du code rural et de la pêche maritime) : Restriction du champ des dérogations à l’interdiction d’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes",
   "article_id": "p1424",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 106,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1465",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N504bfff6cd18",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut accepter qu’il existe une opposition parlementaire, donc un débat d’idées. Nous ne sommes pas d’accord, ce qui n’est pas un problème : il suffit de prendre acte de nos différences d’opinions Il faut en finir avec les phrases telles que « J’espère que mes fils n’entendront pas vos propos », qui tuent le débat. Nous ne vous insultons pas. Je regrette : je suis députée, élue de la nation ; j’ai le droit de parler de ce dont bon me semble, de la forêt comme de tout. Personne n’est fondé à dire que je ne suis pas légitime pour aborder tel ou tel sujet."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719972",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Sarles",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Sarles",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1471",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1471"
   ],
   "order": 1471,
   "text": "Ces amendements tendent à soumettre à un engagement des agriculteurs concernés l’usage des néonicotinoïdes visés par l’article unique. L’amendement CD61 prévoit un engagement à recourir à des méthodes culturales alternatives et à planter des haies bocagères. Les deux suivants s’en tiennent respectivement à la plantation de haies bocagères et au recours aux méthodes culturales alternatives",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 55,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1471",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N46148db46d89",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements tendent à soumettre à un engagement des agriculteurs concernés l’usage des néonicotinoïdes visés par l’article unique. L’amendement CD61 prévoit un engagement à recourir à des méthodes culturales alternatives et à planter des haies bocagères. Les deux suivants s’en tiennent respectivement à la plantation de haies bocagères et au recours aux méthodes culturales alternatives"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1472",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1472"
   ],
   "order": 1472,
   "text": "Je souscris totalement à l’objectif visé par vos amendements, chère collègue. Il est nécessaire que la filière s’engage dès à présent dans une démarche agro-écologique. Toutefois, les chambres d’agriculture ne me semblent pas le bon interlocuteur pour ce faire. Les plans de prévention élaborés avec les filières sont un outil plus opérationnel. Je vous invite donc à retirer vos amendements",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1472",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N870aeb43ef24",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je souscris totalement à l’objectif visé par vos amendements, chère collègue. Il est nécessaire que la filière s’engage dès à présent dans une démarche agro-écologique. Toutefois, les chambres d’agriculture ne me semblent pas le bon interlocuteur pour ce faire. Les plans de prévention élaborés avec les filières sont un outil plus opérationnel. Je vous invite donc à retirer vos amendements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1473",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1473",
    "1474",
    "1475"
   ],
   "order": 1473,
   "text": "Nous avons eu le débat tout à l’heure : je demande donc également le retrait de cette série d’amendements S’agissant des trois étages de contrôle que nous évoquions, vos amendements proposent de passer par les chambres d’agriculture qui jouent en effet un rôle fondamental et dont vous avez, l’hiver dernier, défendu le budget avec conviction : j’ai d’ailleurs pris cette année l’engagement de ne pas le réduire. Or ces chambres ne peuvent s’engager pour les agriculteurs. Les amendements sont retirés.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1473",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nbc8d8fe2d898",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons eu le débat tout à l’heure : je demande donc également le retrait de cette série d’amendements S’agissant des trois étages de contrôle que nous évoquions, vos amendements proposent de passer par les chambres d’agriculture qui jouent en effet un rôle fondamental et dont vous avez, l’hiver dernier, défendu le budget avec conviction : j’ai d’ailleurs pris cette année l’engagement de ne pas le réduire. Or ces chambres ne peuvent s’engager pour les agriculteurs. Les amendements sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721514",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Kerbarh",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Kerbarh.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1478",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1478",
    "1479"
   ],
   "order": 1478,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à demander un rapport au Gouvernement tous les six mois sur la quantité utilisée de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes Il est en effet parfois difficile d’obtenir des données auprès de l’administration : un tel rapport permettrait au Parlement d’exercer pleinement ses missions de contrôle de l’action du Gouvernement et de constater l’évolution de la quantité de produits utilisée.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1478",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N979548b56e55",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à demander un rapport au Gouvernement tous les six mois sur la quantité utilisée de produits phytopharmaceutiques contenant des néonicotinoïdes Il est en effet parfois difficile d’obtenir des données auprès de l’administration : un tel rapport permettrait au Parlement d’exercer pleinement ses missions de contrôle de l’action du Gouvernement et de constater l’évolution de la quantité de produits utilisée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719364",
   "speaker": "Claire O'Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Claire O’Petit, rapporteure pour avis.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1480",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1480"
   ],
   "order": 1480,
   "text": "Le comité de suivi s’intéressera aux quantités de néonicotinoïdes utilisées. Votre amendement sera donc en pratique satisfait, chère collègue : je vous demande par conséquent de le retirer. Nul besoin, en effet, de rapport supplémentaire",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 35,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1480",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N2565439810ef",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le comité de suivi s’intéressera aux quantités de néonicotinoïdes utilisées. Votre amendement sera donc en pratique satisfait, chère collègue : je vous demande par conséquent de le retirer. Nul besoin, en effet, de rapport supplémentaire"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1481",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1481",
    "1482"
   ],
   "order": 1481,
   "text": "Je demande également le retrait de l’amendement, pour deux raisons : d’abord parce que je ne suis pas fan des rapports, ensuite parce que, s’il est très important que le Parlement puisse exercer son pouvoir de contrôle, je ne suis pas sûr qu’il passe par ceux-ci Le comité de suivi lui permettra effectivement de l’exercer plus aisément.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1481",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N79f4188eea83",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je demande également le retrait de l’amendement, pour deux raisons : d’abord parce que je ne suis pas fan des rapports, ensuite parce que, s’il est très important que le Parlement puisse exercer son pouvoir de contrôle, je ne suis pas sûr qu’il passe par ceux-ci Le comité de suivi lui permettra effectivement de l’exercer plus aisément."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721514",
   "speaker": "Stéphanie Kerbarh",
   "quality": "Mme Stéphanie Kerbarh.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1483",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1483",
    "1484",
    "1485"
   ],
   "order": 1483,
   "text": "Si je rejoins votre argumentaire, monsieur le ministre, il s’agit d’un amendement de repli, faute de pouvoir s’appuyer sur des instances existantes ou sur des dispositifs ayant existé, comme le CNTE ou le plan Écophyto Je suis cependant d’accord pour le retirer. L’amendement CD67 est retiré.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1483",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nf576d07f74f1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Si je rejoins votre argumentaire, monsieur le ministre, il s’agit d’un amendement de repli, faute de pouvoir s’appuyer sur des instances existantes ou sur des dispositifs ayant existé, comme le CNTE ou le plan Écophyto Je suis cependant d’accord pour le retirer. L’amendement CD67 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1488",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1488"
   ],
   "order": 1488,
   "text": "Cet amendement du groupe Socialistes et apparentés vise à demander un rapport au Gouvernement présentant de manière détaillée les crédits budgétaires alloués depuis 2016 à la recherche sur d’éventuelles alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1488",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N8ab49937eefd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "B",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement du groupe [GROUPE] vise à demander un rapport au Gouvernement présentant de manière détaillée les crédits budgétaires alloués depuis 2016 à la recherche sur d’éventuelles alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1490",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1490",
    "1491",
    "1492"
   ],
   "order": 1490,
   "text": "Je le demande également, et serai à défaut défavorable dans la mesure où l’on produit déjà beaucoup de rapports et où nous disposons d’ores et déjà des chiffres relatifs aux crédits alloués à la recherche depuis 2016, que je peux vous transmettre dans l’instant Votre amendement est donc satisfait. L’amendement CD54 est retiré.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1490",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N3858eddd651b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je le demande également, et serai à défaut défavorable dans la mesure où l’on produit déjà beaucoup de rapports et où nous disposons d’ores et déjà des chiffres relatifs aux crédits alloués à la recherche depuis 2016, que je peux vous transmettre dans l’instant Votre amendement est donc satisfait. L’amendement CD54 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643192",
   "speaker": "Chantal Jourdan",
   "quality": "Mme Chantal Jourdan.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO758835",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1495",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1495",
    "1496",
    "1497",
    "1498"
   ],
   "order": 1495,
   "text": "L’amendement prévoit qu’un rapport gouvernemental dresse un état des lieux complet, fondé sur les travaux de l’ANSES et de l’INRAE, des alternatives à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de la betterave Nous sommes particulièrement intéressés par les alternatives agro-écologiques dans la mesure où elles répondent à une attente sociétale très forte en matière de qualité tant alimentaire que paysagère. Il faut rappeler que ces alternatives sont déjà connues et sans doute, même si elles sont déjà employées par quelques-uns, sous-exploitées. Il manque réellement, sur le terrain, l’incitation et l’accompagnement des betteraviers, qui doivent être renforcés. Nous considérons que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes est un mauvais signal alors qu’il faudrait montrer le cap de l’agro-écologie.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1495",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N248040ef7554",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMST",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement prévoit qu’un rapport gouvernemental dresse un état des lieux complet, fondé sur les travaux de l’ANSES et de l’INRAE, des alternatives à l’usage des néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de la betterave Nous sommes particulièrement intéressés par les alternatives agro-écologiques dans la mesure où elles répondent à une attente sociétale très forte en matière de qualité tant alimentaire que paysagère. Il faut rappeler que ces alternatives sont déjà connues et sans doute, même si elles sont déjà employées par quelques-uns, sous-exploitées. Il manque réellement, sur le terrain, l’incitation et l’accompagnement des betteraviers, qui doivent être renforcés. Nous considérons que la réintroduction des néonicotinoïdes est un mauvais signal alors qu’il faudrait montrer le cap de l’agro-écologie."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730958",
   "group": "FI",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1507",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1507",
    "1508",
    "1509",
    "1510"
   ],
   "order": 1507,
   "text": "Je défends en même temps les amendements CD21 et CD20 : je comprends que vous soyez sous tension, chers collègues, notamment en raison de la très forte mobilisation citoyenne, associative et professionnelle sur ce texte Notre débat parlementaire est argumenté : il nous a permis d’expliquer pourquoi à notre avis il était inutile et pire, dangereux, d’instaurer une dérogation pour les néonicotinoïdes sur lesquels la France avait, et c’était tout à son honneur, pris une décision exemplaire en 2016. La tonalité agressive de notre débat de ce soir cache un problème d’assomption de vos positions politiques : oui, si vous votez ce texte, il vous faudra les assumer sans vous draper dans je ne sais quel honneur bafoué. Oui, Mme Delphine Batho a parfaitement le droit de dénoncer ce qu’elle considère comme une manœuvre. Souffrez, chers collègues, qu’il y ait une opposition à votre politique.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 145,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1507",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N5e82d7375afc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je défends en même temps les amendements CD21 et CD20 : je comprends que vous soyez sous tension, chers collègues, notamment en raison de la très forte mobilisation citoyenne, associative et professionnelle sur ce texte Notre débat parlementaire est argumenté : il nous a permis d’expliquer pourquoi à notre avis il était inutile et pire, dangereux, d’instaurer une dérogation pour les néonicotinoïdes sur lesquels la France avait, et c’était tout à son honneur, pris une décision exemplaire en 2016. La tonalité agressive de notre débat de ce soir cache un problème d’assomption de vos positions politiques : oui, si vous votez ce texte, il vous faudra les assumer sans vous draper dans je ne sais quel honneur bafoué. Oui, Mme [PERSONNE] a parfaitement le droit de dénoncer ce qu’elle considère comme une manœuvre. Souffrez, chers collègues, qu’il y ait une opposition à votre politique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722366",
   "speaker": "Jean-Luc Fugit",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Luc Fugit.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1511",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1511",
    "1512"
   ],
   "order": 1511,
   "text": "L’amendement CD42 est cohérent avec les propos que les membres de notre groupe ont tenus ce soir eux-mêmes. Il vise en effet à compléter le titre du projet de loi par les mots : « pour les betteraves sucrières » Un tel titre enverrait le signal que nous souhaitons clairement que l’application de ce projet de loi soit restreinte à l’utilisation éventuelle de néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de betteraves à sucre. Si le ministre a, certes, affirmé à plusieurs reprises que telle était bien son intention et si nous le croyons, nous avons envie d’aller un peu plus loin, conformément aux fameuses exigences dont nous avons parlé : j’espère donc que nous allons voter cet amendement à cette heure tardive.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 120,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1511",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N44570745fee4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CD42 est cohérent avec les propos que les membres de notre groupe ont tenus ce soir eux-mêmes. Il vise en effet à compléter le titre du projet de loi par les mots : « pour les betteraves sucrières » Un tel titre enverrait le signal que nous souhaitons clairement que l’application de ce projet de loi soit restreinte à l’utilisation éventuelle de néonicotinoïdes dans la culture de betteraves à sucre. Si le ministre a, certes, affirmé à plusieurs reprises que telle était bien son intention et si nous le croyons, nous avons envie d’aller un peu plus loin, conformément aux fameuses exigences dont nous avons parlé : j’espère donc que nous allons voter cet amendement à cette heure tardive."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA729332",
   "speaker": "Julien Denormandie",
   "quality": "M. Julien Denormandie, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1514",
    "1515"
   ],
   "order": 1514,
   "text": "Je suis favorable à l’amendement CD42 et défavorable aux amendements CD21 et CD20 Madame Mathilde Panot, j’ai trouvé que nos débats avaient été de bonne qualité, particulièrement lors de la réunion de l’après-midi où nous avons échangé des arguments de fond. Il y a beaucoup d’intelligence dans votre groupe parlementaire mais je veux vous dire que le courage, c’est tout sauf verser dans la facilité. On ne peut pas dire qu’il existe, à l’heure actuelle, des solutions, qu’il suffirait que les entreprises n’exportent plus. Pour tout ce qui touche à la nature, les choses sont beaucoup plus complexes, et le courage consiste à reconnaître cette complexité. Il serait nettement plus simple pour moi, politiquement, de ne pas avoir à vous présenter ce projet de loi, car cela a un coût politique et suscite parfois l’incompréhension. Nous vous présentons ce texte car nous croyons à la souveraineté de la filière, aux 46 000 personnes qui y travaillent et à qui je veux pouvoir dire demain, les yeux dans les yeux : je veux manger votre sucre et pas celui d’autres pays. Il est tellement plus simple de faire croire aux gens qu’on peut tout résoudre d’un claquement de doigts, par une injonction. Pour aborder les problèmes compliqués, le général de Gaulle préconisait l’emploi d’idées simples. En l’occurrence, l’idée est très simple – mais en aucun cas simpliste : il s’agit de passer le gué, de sauver la filière et d’accélérer la transition agro-écologique. (Applaudissements.)",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 243,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1514",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N365093b6d111",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis favorable à l’amendement CD42 et défavorable aux amendements CD21 et CD20 Madame [PERSONNE], j’ai trouvé que nos débats avaient été de bonne qualité, particulièrement lors de la réunion de l’après-midi où nous avons échangé des arguments de fond. Il y a beaucoup d’intelligence dans votre groupe parlementaire mais je veux vous dire que le courage, c’est tout sauf verser dans la facilité. On ne peut pas dire qu’il existe, à l’heure actuelle, des solutions, qu’il suffirait que les entreprises n’exportent plus. Pour tout ce qui touche à la nature, les choses sont beaucoup plus complexes, et le courage consiste à reconnaître cette complexité. Il serait nettement plus simple pour moi, politiquement, de ne pas avoir à vous présenter ce projet de loi, car cela a un coût politique et suscite parfois l’incompréhension. Nous vous présentons ce texte car nous croyons à la souveraineté de la filière, aux 46 000 personnes qui y travaillent et à qui je veux pouvoir dire demain, les yeux dans les yeux : je veux manger votre sucre et pas celui d’autres pays. Il est tellement plus simple de faire croire aux gens qu’on peut tout résoudre d’un claquement de doigts, par une injonction. Pour aborder les problèmes compliqués, le général de Gaulle préconisait l’emploi d’idées simples. En l’occurrence, l’idée est très simple – mais en aucun cas simpliste : il s’agit de passer le gué, de sauver la filière et d’accélérer la transition agro-écologique. (Applaudissements.)"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720246",
   "speaker": "Sylvain Templier",
   "quality": "M. Sylvain Templier.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1516",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1516",
    "1517"
   ],
   "order": 1516,
   "text": "Nous assumons ce que nous faisons. Comme vous, je sais que les néonicotinoïdes sont un poison abominable. J’ai été un des premiers à signer l’appel « Nous voulons des coquelicots ». J’ai lu aussi The Silent Spring, auquel Mme Frédérique Tuffnell a fait référence tout à l’heure. Je suis né dans l’Aisne, ce département en forme de betterave. Je n’y habite plus depuis plusieurs années, mais mon frère y est encore betteravier. On peut nourrir de fortes convictions écologiques et accueillir les arguments en faveur de cette « loi d’exception », pour reprendre un terme qui a été employé. Notre rôle de représentants du peuple est de sauver les filières betteravière et sucrière. Nous avons pour responsabilité d’agir, de faire preuve de courage politique, comme l’a justement rappelé le ministre M. Julien Denormandie Avec mon regard de député novice – j’ai rejoint l’Assemblée nationale il y a un mois –, je m’étonne de la suspicion que nourrissent certains. Ce n’est pas parce qu’on est aujourd’hui excédentaires en sucre et qu’on en exporte que l’on conservera notre souveraineté à l’avenir. Les agriculteurs ne sont pas idiots : si leur champ est ravagé par la jaunisse, s’il n’y a plus de sucreries, ils arrêteront de planter des betteraves. On peut tout perdre en l’espace d’une année. Il faut faire confiance au génie paysan, même si nos agriculteurs ne sont sans doute pas servis par leurs syndicats majoritaires, qui n’ont pas joué le jeu de la recherche de solutions alternatives – mais c’est un autre débat. Je suis d’accord avec vous, madame Delphine Batho, quand vous dites qu’il n’y a pas d’alternative aux néonicotinoïdes : il est évident qu’on ne trouvera pas d’équivalent. Il faut mettre au point des façons de cultiver différemment les betteraves pour les rendre aptes à supporter les attaques de la jaunisse.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 303,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1516",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Ncd6c6cadb26b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous assumons ce que nous faisons. Comme vous, je sais que les néonicotinoïdes sont un poison abominable. J’ai été un des premiers à signer l’appel « Nous voulons des coquelicots ». J’ai lu aussi The Silent Spring, auquel Mme [PERSONNE] a fait référence tout à l’heure. Je suis né dans l’Aisne, ce département en forme de betterave. Je n’y habite plus depuis plusieurs années, mais mon frère y est encore betteravier. On peut nourrir de fortes convictions écologiques et accueillir les arguments en faveur de cette « loi d’exception », pour reprendre un terme qui a été employé. Notre rôle de représentants du peuple est de sauver les filières betteravière et sucrière. Nous avons pour responsabilité d’agir, de faire preuve de courage politique, comme l’a justement rappelé le ministre M. [PERSONNE] Avec mon regard de député novice – j’ai rejoint l’Assemblée nationale il y a un mois –, je m’étonne de la suspicion que nourrissent certains. Ce n’est pas parce qu’on est aujourd’hui excédentaires en sucre et qu’on en exporte que l’on conservera notre souveraineté à l’avenir. Les agriculteurs ne sont pas idiots : si leur champ est ravagé par la jaunisse, s’il n’y a plus de sucreries, ils arrêteront de planter des betteraves. On peut tout perdre en l’espace d’une année. Il faut faire confiance au génie paysan, même si nos agriculteurs ne sont sans doute pas servis par leurs syndicats majoritaires, qui n’ont pas joué le jeu de la recherche de solutions alternatives – mais c’est un autre débat. Je suis d’accord avec vous, madame [PERSONNE], quand vous dites qu’il n’y a pas d’alternative aux néonicotinoïdes : il est évident qu’on ne trouvera pas d’équivalent. Il faut mettre au point des façons de cultiver différemment les betteraves pour les rendre aptes à supporter les attaques de la jaunisse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335999",
   "speaker": "Delphine Batho",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Batho.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO771789",
   "group": "EDS",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1518",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1518",
    "1519",
    "1520"
   ],
   "order": 1518,
   "text": "On peut comprendre qu’en changeant le titre du projet de loi, vous entendiez limiter les dégâts, mais ça n’aura aucune incidence sur le contenu du texte qui permet d’accorder des dérogations à tous types de cultures, sur l’ensemble du territoire national. J’insiste sur ce point Par ce texte, vous montrez que le Parlement peut revenir assez rapidement sur une loi qui comportait une avancée environnementale. En principe, les lois sont faites pour durer. On peine à croire, aujourd’hui, les propos des membres du Gouvernement, car on se souvient des tweets, des déclarations du Président de la République et des ministres lors de l’entrée en vigueur de la loi d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, le 1er septembre 2018. Le chef de l’État l’avait saluée comme une avancée majeure et l’avait même revendiquée alors qu’il n’y était pour rien, ce qui était assez drôle. Beaucoup d’entre nous, qui avions participé à ce combat parlementaire en 2015 et en 2016, trouvions formidable que le Président de la République salue la loi, car nous pensions qu’elle ne pourrait pas être remise en cause. Malheureusement, c’est ce que vous êtes en train de faire. Non seulement les conséquences seront graves sur la biodiversité mais cela créera un précédent. Désormais, au moindre aléa, à la moindre difficulté économique liée à un effort environnemental demandé à la nation, on reculera, on renoncera, en donnant la priorité à l’économie sur les abeilles, les papillons, les chauves-souris, les vers de terre, etc. Je rappelle que nous portons tous un masque en raison d’une zoonose liée à la destruction des écosystèmes. Or, des études scientifiques ont montré l’existence de liens entre les néonicotinoïdes et les épizooties qui touchent un certain nombre d’animaux d’élevage. Votre décision est donc totalement irresponsable.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 287,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1518",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd529780fc0c9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "On peut comprendre qu’en changeant le titre du projet de loi, vous entendiez limiter les dégâts, mais ça n’aura aucune incidence sur le contenu du texte qui permet d’accorder des dérogations à tous types de cultures, sur l’ensemble du territoire national. J’insiste sur ce point Par ce texte, vous montrez que le Parlement peut revenir assez rapidement sur une loi qui comportait une avancée environnementale. En principe, les lois sont faites pour durer. On peine à croire, aujourd’hui, les propos des membres du Gouvernement, car on se souvient des tweets, des déclarations du Président de la République et des ministres lors de l’entrée en vigueur de la loi d’interdiction des néonicotinoïdes, le 1er septembre 2018. Le chef de l’État l’avait saluée comme une avancée majeure et l’avait même revendiquée alors qu’il n’y était pour rien, ce qui était assez drôle. Beaucoup d’entre nous, qui avions participé à ce combat parlementaire en 2015 et en 2016, trouvions formidable que le Président de la République salue la loi, car nous pensions qu’elle ne pourrait pas être remise en cause. Malheureusement, c’est ce que vous êtes en train de faire. Non seulement les conséquences seront graves sur la biodiversité mais cela créera un précédent. Désormais, au moindre aléa, à la moindre difficulté économique liée à un effort environnemental demandé à la nation, on reculera, on renoncera, en donnant la priorité à l’économie sur les abeilles, les papillons, les chauves-souris, les vers de terre, etc. Je rappelle que nous portons tous un masque en raison d’une zoonose liée à la destruction des écosystèmes. Or, des études scientifiques ont montré l’existence de liens entre les néonicotinoïdes et les épizooties qui touchent un certain nombre d’animaux d’élevage. Votre décision est donc totalement irresponsable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3358@2020-09-22",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3358",
   "date": "2020-09-22",
   "date_method": "section de commission et dates des actes officiels",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3358.html",
   "source_sha256": "9d4b54ffa2b93be776253c41b01d0ace5bc5d344190f0970cf965965a7467f7e",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721864",
   "speaker": "Souad Zitouni",
   "quality": "Mme Souad Zitouni.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1521",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "1521"
   ],
   "order": 1521,
   "text": "La crise que nous traversons nous a fait comprendre que nous devions prendre nos responsabilités, ce qui a conduit à l’élaboration de ce projet de loi. Si le Gouvernement n’avait pas agi, on le lui aurait reproché. La loi est là pour aider nos concitoyens lorsqu’ils affrontent une situation grave. La question est de savoir si on doit sacrifier les hommes, les familles qui perdront leur travail, ou encadrer les normes environnementales pendant trois ans",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "Après l’article unique",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p1469",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3358-p1521",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nb8e93c6efcc4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La crise que nous traversons nous a fait comprendre que nous devions prendre nos responsabilités, ce qui a conduit à l’élaboration de ce projet de loi. Si le Gouvernement n’avait pas agi, on le lui aurait reproché. La loi est là pour aider nos concitoyens lorsqu’ils affrontent une situation grave. La question est de savoir si on doit sacrifier les hommes, les familles qui perdront leur travail, ou encadrer les normes environnementales pendant trois ans"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3489@2020-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3489",
   "date": "2020-10-29",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_sha256": "bc35c0336aeb9cc66c3062d6cded4daa0a845419ba0876d68e2c2df92376e89e",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "M. Roland Lescure, député, président.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3489-p57",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "57",
    "58",
    "59",
    "60"
   ],
   "order": 57,
   "text": "Je souhaite la bienvenue aux collègues sénateurs Les textes adoptés par nos deux assemblées se distinguent sur quelques points. Le Sénat a, en particulier, adopté deux articles additionnels. Les discussions que nous allons engager vont nous permettre, je l’espère, de trouver un accord, comme c’est souvent le cas lorsque les commissions mixtes paritaires rassemblent des membres des commissions des affaires économiques des deux chambres. J’espère qu’un tel accord pourra de dessiner rapidement. Si nos discussions devaient durer, il se pourrait que je sois amené à suspendre quelques minutes nos échanges pour permettre aux députés de voter sur la déclaration du Gouvernement relative à l’évolution de la situation sanitaire, actuellement examinée en séance. Je donne la parole à Mme Sophie Primas qui s’exprimera d’abord en tant que vice-présidente, puis nous présentera, en tant que rapporteur, le texte adopté par le Sénat. M. Grégory Besson-Moreau nous présentera ensuite son analyse.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 4 (nouveau)",
   "article_id": "p45",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3489-p57",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nd8ae1a384c95",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je souhaite la bienvenue aux collègues sénateurs Les textes adoptés par nos deux assemblées se distinguent sur quelques points. Le Sénat a, en particulier, adopté deux articles additionnels. Les discussions que nous allons engager vont nous permettre, je l’espère, de trouver un accord, comme c’est souvent le cas lorsque les commissions mixtes paritaires rassemblent des membres des commissions des affaires économiques des deux chambres. J’espère qu’un tel accord pourra de dessiner rapidement. Si nos discussions devaient durer, il se pourrait que je sois amené à suspendre quelques minutes nos échanges pour permettre aux députés de voter sur la déclaration du Gouvernement relative à l’évolution de la situation sanitaire, actuellement examinée en séance. Je donne la parole à Mme [PERSONNE] qui s’exprimera d’abord en tant que vice-présidente, puis nous présentera, en tant que rapporteur, le texte adopté par le Sénat. M. [PERSONNE] nous présentera ensuite son analyse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3489@2020-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3489",
   "date": "2020-10-29",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_sha256": "bc35c0336aeb9cc66c3062d6cded4daa0a845419ba0876d68e2c2df92376e89e",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, député, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3489-p72",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "72",
    "73",
    "74",
    "75",
    "76",
    "77",
    "78",
    "79",
    "80",
    "81",
    "82",
    "83",
    "84"
   ],
   "order": 72,
   "text": "Mon intervention sera brève. Je voulais d’abord remercier chaleureusement la Présidente Sophie Primas pour la manière dont nous avons pu mener, ensemble, ces travaux, pour les échanges constants que nous avons eus et l’esprit de coopération qui a été le sien Ce texte, nous l’avons dit et répété, n’oppose en rien l’écologie et l’économie. Il est au contraire la garantie d’une sortie des néonicotinoïdes, qui ne laisse pas la filière betterave sucrière de côté, dans un délai de trois ans maximum et avec des garanties solides. Le texte adopté par le Sénat est, à bien des égards, très satisfaisant et je salue la qualité des travaux menés par la commission et en séance. Nous ne souhaitons modifier ni l’article 2, ni l’article 4, que vous avez adoptés à l’unanimité et à l’initiative de votre rapporteur. Ce dernier article apporte, dans le respect du droit européen, une réponse à la question essentielle des importations déloyales et je ne peux que m’en féliciter. Je me réjouis, par ailleurs, que nous ayons pu nous entendre sur six propositions de rédaction qui devraient nous permettre d’améliorer encore ce texte aujourd’hui. Les modifications que Sophie Primas et moi-même allons vous proposer sont pragmatiques : elles visent à garantir la pleine applicabilité du texte. Je pense d’abord à la limitation de la signature de l’arrêté aux seuls ministères de l’agriculture et de l’environnement, concernés au premier chef et à l’allégement de la composition du conseil de surveillance. Je pense ensuite aux précisions sur les acteurs qui peuvent prétendre à une nomination au sein de ce conseil. Je pense aussi à la clarification de la procédure de nomination des parlementaires au sein du conseil. Je pense, enfin, à la suppression de l’article 3, dont le dispositif me paraît poser de réelles difficultés techniques. Ces modifications sont relativement mineures et j’espère qu’elles pourront faire l’objet d’un consensus. Je souhaiterais, en conclusion, redire ma conviction que le texte dont nous discutons aujourd’hui exigeait un véritable courage politique, de la part du Gouvernement que je salue, mais également de la part de tous les parlementaires qui ont cherché, sans caricature, sans dogmatisme, à concilier des impératifs de souveraineté alimentaire et de protection de l’environnement. Ce texte n’est, je le rappelle, que le volet « d’urgence » d’un plan plus large d’accompagnement et d’encouragement de la transition agroécologique de la filière betterave sucrière. Nos débats, tant au Sénat qu’à l’Assemblée ont été constructifs et ont permis d’arriver à un équilibre satisfaisant. Nous avons renforcé les garanties qu’offrait la procédure proposée par le Gouvernement, notamment en créant le conseil de surveillance et c’est tout à notre honneur. Notre rôle ne s’arrêtera pas au vote du texte : le législateur aura encore à en assurer le suivi, notamment au sein du conseil de surveillance, afin que nous ne nous retrouvions pas ici dans trois ans pour mener des débats similaires. Je souhaite bien sincèrement que la filière betterave sucrière puisse réussir sa transition et sortir de l’ornière. Il en va de notre responsabilité. * * *",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 4 (nouveau)",
   "article_id": "p45",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 503,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3489-p72",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N520abf8a7c2e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "V",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mon intervention sera brève. Je voulais d’abord remercier chaleureusement la Présidente [PERSONNE] pour la manière dont nous avons pu mener, ensemble, ces travaux, pour les échanges constants que nous avons eus et l’esprit de coopération qui a été le sien Ce texte, nous l’avons dit et répété, n’oppose en rien l’écologie et l’économie. Il est au contraire la garantie d’une sortie des néonicotinoïdes, qui ne laisse pas la filière betterave sucrière de côté, dans un délai de trois ans maximum et avec des garanties solides. Le texte adopté par le Sénat est, à bien des égards, très satisfaisant et je salue la qualité des travaux menés par la commission et en séance. Nous ne souhaitons modifier ni l’article 2, ni l’article 4, que vous avez adoptés à l’unanimité et à l’initiative de votre rapporteur. Ce dernier article apporte, dans le respect du droit européen, une réponse à la question essentielle des importations déloyales et je ne peux que m’en féliciter. Je me réjouis, par ailleurs, que nous ayons pu nous entendre sur six propositions de rédaction qui devraient nous permettre d’améliorer encore ce texte aujourd’hui. Les modifications que [PERSONNE] et moi-même allons vous proposer sont pragmatiques : elles visent à garantir la pleine applicabilité du texte. Je pense d’abord à la limitation de la signature de l’arrêté aux seuls ministères de l’agriculture et de l’environnement, concernés au premier chef et à l’allégement de la composition du conseil de surveillance. Je pense ensuite aux précisions sur les acteurs qui peuvent prétendre à une nomination au sein de ce conseil. Je pense aussi à la clarification de la procédure de nomination des parlementaires au sein du conseil. Je pense, enfin, à la suppression de l’article 3, dont le dispositif me paraît poser de réelles difficultés techniques. Ces modifications sont relativement mineures et j’espère qu’elles pourront faire l’objet d’un consensus. Je souhaiterais, en conclusion, redire ma conviction que le texte dont nous discutons aujourd’hui exigeait un véritable courage politique, de la part du Gouvernement que je salue, mais également de la part de tous les parlementaires qui ont cherché, sans caricature, sans dogmatisme, à concilier des impératifs de souveraineté alimentaire et de protection de l’environnement. Ce texte n’est, je le rappelle, que le volet « d’urgence » d’un plan plus large d’accompagnement et d’encouragement de la transition agroécologique de la filière betterave sucrière. Nos débats, tant au Sénat qu’à l’Assemblée ont été constructifs et ont permis d’arriver à un équilibre satisfaisant. Nous avons renforcé les garanties qu’offrait la procédure proposée par le Gouvernement, notamment en créant le conseil de surveillance et c’est tout à notre honneur. Notre rôle ne s’arrêtera pas au vote du texte : le législateur aura encore à en assurer le suivi, notamment au sein du conseil de surveillance, afin que nous ne nous retrouvions pas ici dans trois ans pour mener des débats similaires. Je souhaite bien sincèrement que la filière betterave sucrière puisse réussir sa transition et sortir de l’ornière. Il en va de notre responsabilité. * * *"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3489@2020-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3489",
   "date": "2020-10-29",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_sha256": "bc35c0336aeb9cc66c3062d6cded4daa0a845419ba0876d68e2c2df92376e89e",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, député, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3489-p87",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "87"
   ],
   "order": 87,
   "text": "Il s’agit de revenir sur un amendement qui avait été adopté contre mon avis en séance publique à l’Assemblée nationale. Prévoir la cosignature de l’arrêté de dérogation par le ministre de la santé revient à alourdir la procédure sans raison valable et n’aurait pas d’autre conséquence que de ralentir la publication des arrêtés",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 4 (nouveau)",
   "article_id": "p45",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3489-p87",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N0b0d894a550b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit de revenir sur un amendement qui avait été adopté contre mon avis en séance publique à l’Assemblée nationale. Prévoir la cosignature de l’arrêté de dérogation par le ministre de la santé revient à alourdir la procédure sans raison valable et n’aurait pas d’autre conséquence que de ralentir la publication des arrêtés"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3489@2020-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3489",
   "date": "2020-10-29",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_sha256": "bc35c0336aeb9cc66c3062d6cded4daa0a845419ba0876d68e2c2df92376e89e",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, député, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3489-p92",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "92",
    "93"
   ],
   "order": 92,
   "text": "Cette proposition de rédaction a pour objectif de clarifier la composition du conseil de surveillance, notamment en désignant nommément l’interprofession apicole, l’Institut technique et scientifique de l’apiculture et de la pollinisation, et l’Institut de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation biologiques Cette rédaction permet, en outre, de convier, en cas de besoin, selon l’ordre du jour, d’autres filières engagées dans la recherche d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes, dans le cadre de la mission du conseil, mentionnée dans l’article, sur le contrôle des avancées en matière de recherche et de mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes.",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 4 (nouveau)",
   "article_id": "p45",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 91,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3489-p92",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N6f4a82674e98",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de rédaction a pour objectif de clarifier la composition du conseil de surveillance, notamment en désignant nommément l’interprofession apicole, l’Institut technique et scientifique de l’apiculture et de la pollinisation, et l’Institut de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation biologiques Cette rédaction permet, en outre, de convier, en cas de besoin, selon l’ordre du jour, d’autres filières engagées dans la recherche d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes, dans le cadre de la mission du conseil, mentionnée dans l’article, sur le contrôle des avancées en matière de recherche et de mise en œuvre d’alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3489@2020-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3489",
   "date": "2020-10-29",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_sha256": "bc35c0336aeb9cc66c3062d6cded4daa0a845419ba0876d68e2c2df92376e89e",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718876",
   "speaker": "Grégory Besson-Moreau",
   "quality": "M. Grégory Besson-Moreau, député, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3489-p98",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "98"
   ],
   "order": 98,
   "text": "Il s’agit de mentionner de manière expresse le plan national de recherche sur les alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Ce plan remis par l’l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAe) et l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB), le 22 septembre 2020, au ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, vise à renforcer les efforts de recherche et d’innovation pour trouver des alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 4 (nouveau)",
   "article_id": "p45",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 68,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3489-p98",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "N9412bf54ff15",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit de mentionner de manière expresse le plan national de recherche sur les alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes. Ce plan remis par l’l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAe) et l’Institut technique de la betterave (ITB), le 22 septembre 2020, au ministre de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, vise à renforcer les efforts de recherche et d’innovation pour trouver des alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes pour les betteraves sucrières"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L15B3489@2020-10-29",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L15B3489",
   "date": "2020-10-29",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 15,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L15B3489.html",
   "source_sha256": "bc35c0336aeb9cc66c3062d6cded4daa0a845419ba0876d68e2c2df92376e89e",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721134",
   "speaker": "Roland Lescure",
   "quality": "M. Roland Lescure, député, président.",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO730964",
   "group": "LAREM",
   "id": "neonicotinoides::RAPPANR5L15B3489-p102",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "102",
    "103",
    "104",
    "105",
    "106",
    "117",
    "118"
   ],
   "order": 102,
   "text": "Le texte ainsi rédigé sera soumis à la sagesse de nos deux assemblées, demain en ce qui concerne l’Assemblée nationale et mercredi en ce qui concerne le Sénat — 1 — TABLEAU COMPARATIF___ Texte adopté par l’Assemblée nationale en première lecture Texte adopté par le Sénat en première lecture Projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières Projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières",
   "top": "Mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 4 (nouveau)",
   "article_id": "p45",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L15B3489-p102",
   "case": "neonicotinoides",
   "annotation_id": "Nabda9a281d9b",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le texte ainsi rédigé sera soumis à la sagesse de nos deux assemblées, demain en ce qui concerne l’Assemblée nationale et mercredi en ce qui concerne le Sénat — 1 — TABLEAU COMPARATIF___ Texte adopté par l’Assemblée nationale en première lecture Texte adopté par le Sénat en première lecture Projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières Projet de loi relatif aux conditions de mise sur le marché de certains produits phytopharmaceutiques en cas de danger sanitaire pour les betteraves sucrières"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "M. Éric Dupond-Moretti, garde des sceaux, ministre de la justice.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p280",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "280",
    "281",
    "282",
    "283",
    "284",
    "285",
    "286",
    "287",
    "288",
    "289",
    "290",
    "291",
    "292",
    "293"
   ],
   "order": 280,
   "text": "J’ai l’honneur et la fierté de porter devant le Parlement le projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce projet de loi est l’aboutissement de nombreuses initiatives parlementaires et de débats déjà approfondis. Lors du deuxième semestre de 2022, neuf propositions de loi constitutionnelles ayant pour objet d’inscrire dans la Constitution le droit de recourir à l’IVG ont été déposées devant l’une ou l’autre des deux assemblées. Je rends hommage à ces initiatives, qui auront toutes utilement contribué à la réflexion commune autour de ce projet. Je salue, en particulier, les propositions de l’ancienne présidente Aurore Bergé et de la présidente Mathilde Panot, grâce auxquelles l’Assemblée a joué un rôle moteur Avec ce projet, le Gouvernement donne suite à ces travaux et à l’appel qui lui a été lancé, auquel le Président de la République a répondu favorablement, le 8 mars 2023. À l’occasion de son discours prononcé en hommage à Gisèle Halimi, le Président a appelé à « changer notre Constitution afin d’y graver la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse pour assurer solennellement que rien ne pourra entraver ou défaire ce qui sera ainsi irréversible ». Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est donc présenté au Parlement comme une rédaction d’équilibre parmi celles qui ont été votées par l’Assemblée et par le Sénat. Il vise à créer un consensus entre les deux assemblées à partir de constats et d’objectifs partagés. Le constat me semble désormais clair, et le Conseil d’État l’a souligné dans son avis : il n’existe pas aujourd’hui de véritable protection supralégislative du droit ou de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme ne comporte pas de disposition spécifique sur l’avortement, et la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) considère que le droit au respect de la vie privée et familiale, protégé par l’article 8 de la Convention, ne peut être regardé comme consacrant un droit à l’avortement. En conséquence, elle renvoie à la marge dont dispose chaque État pour apprécier l’équilibre entre le droit à la vie privée de la mère et la protection de l’enfant à naître. De la même manière, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (CJUE) se borne à rappeler, en l’absence de disposition spécifique sur ce point, la compétence des États membres et renvoie à l’appréciation du législateur national. Quant au Conseil constitutionnel, il a jugé conformes à la Constitution les différentes lois relatives à l’IVG. Ce faisant, il a examiné l’équilibre ménagé entre, d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme, qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen (DDHC) de 1789. Le juge constitutionnel n’est pas allé plus loin. Il a pris le soin de souligner, au sujet de l’IVG, qu’« il ne dispose pas d’un pouvoir général d’appréciation et de décision de même nature que celui du Parlement » et qu’« il ne lui appartient donc pas de remettre en cause, au regard de l’état des connaissances et des techniques, les dispositions prises par le législateur ». Ainsi la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’IVG ne bénéficie-t-elle pas à ce jour d’une véritable consécration constitutionnelle. L’objectif du Gouvernement, qui rejoint les positions déjà exprimées à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, est clair : accorder à cette liberté une protection constitutionnelle, sans toutefois figer la législation, ni créer une forme de droit absolu et sans limite. Cette protection constitutionnelle doit être suffisamment souple pour permettre au législateur de continuer son œuvre en la matière et donc ménager un équilibre satisfaisant, notamment au regard des évolutions techniques, médicales, scientifiques qui pourraient advenir. Ce qu’il s’agit d’empêcher, c’est que le législateur puisse un jour interdire tout recours à l’IVG ou en restreindre à ce point les conditions d’accès que la substance même de la liberté d’y recourir s’en trouverait atteinte. Le Gouvernement souhaite consacrer pleinement la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG, tout en reconnaissant le rôle du législateur dans l’organisation des conditions d’exercice de cette liberté. Les deux objectifs semblent pouvoir être conciliés par une rédaction qui protège la liberté ainsi reconnue, tout en préservant le rôle essentiel du Parlement. Pour y parvenir, le Gouvernement a retenu une voie médiane entre les rédactions de l’Assemblée nationale et du Sénat. Le projet de loi comporte une disposition unique, ayant pour objet de modifier l’article 34 de la Constitution en y ajoutant, après le dix-septième alinéa, un alinéa ainsi rédigé : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Le Gouvernement a retenu l’article 34 de la Constitution, comme l’avait fait le Sénat. D’un point de vue juridique, cet emplacement paraît le plus adapté. Les diverses versions votées par le Parlement le montrent, aucun emplacement au sein de la Constitution n’est idéal. Cependant, l’article 34 semble préférable à la création, au sein du titre relatif à l’autorité judiciaire, d’un article 66-2 suivant l’article 66-1 relatif à l’abolition de la peine de mort. Le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît que l’article 34 de la Constitution peut, contrairement à ce qu’une lecture rapide pourrait indiquer, accueillir des règles de fond et mettre des obligations positives à la charge du législateur – la révision constitutionnelle du 23 juillet 2008 y a ainsi inscrit que la loi fixe les règles concernant notamment la liberté, le pluralisme et l’indépendance des médias. Ce projet se caractérise par ailleurs par le choix du mot « liberté » plutôt que « droit ». Ce choix a été ô combien commenté, mais sa portée ne doit pas être surestimée. De fait, le Conseil d’État l’a relevé dans son avis, il n’existe pas dans les textes, ni dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, de différence établie entre ces deux termes. Si le Gouvernement a choisi ce terme, c’est dans un souci de clarté. Il s’agit, non pas de créer un droit absolu et sans limite, mais de faire référence à l’autonomie de la femme et de garantir ainsi l’exercice d’une liberté qui lui appartient, dans les conditions prévues par la loi. Enfin, le Gouvernement a souhaité insister sur le fait que, si les conditions de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG sont déterminées par le législateur, cette liberté doit rester dans tous les cas garantie aux femmes qui en bénéficient. C’est un point essentiel. Le mot « garantie », issu des travaux menés par votre assemblée, vise, là aussi, à exprimer clairement quelle est l’intention. Il s’agit, non pas d’une simple attribution de compétences au législateur, mais bien de la création d’une obligation positive à sa charge : celle de protéger cette liberté que la Constitution garantit dans les conditions qu’il estime appropriées, afin qu’à l’avenir, aucune majorité ne puisse porter atteinte à la liberté intangible pour la femme de disposer de son corps. J’en viens aux effets attendus de la révision constitutionnelle. Tout d’abord, c’est un point essentiel, aucune disposition législative en vigueur ne devrait être remise en cause par l’adoption du texte. Le Conseil d’État l’a très précisément constaté, et telle est bien l’intention du Gouvernement. Pour répondre par anticipation à certaines craintes exprimées ici ou là, la consécration de cette liberté n’emporte pas la remise en question d’autres libertés, notamment la liberté de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes qui leur permet de ne pas pratiquer l’IVG si cet acte est contraire à leurs convictions. Cette liberté est évidemment préservée. Ensuite, la rédaction proposée entend exprimer clairement que la décision d’avorter n’appartient qu’à la femme enceinte : elle ne nécessite ni l’autorisation d’un tiers, que ce soit le conjoint ou les parents, ni l’appréciation d’une autre personne. Cette liberté est reconnue à toute femme enceinte et même à toute personne enceinte, sans considération de son état civil, de son âge, de sa nationalité ou de la régularité de son séjour en France. Enfin, j’y insiste, cette rédaction ne vise pas à créer une forme de droit opposable. Le Gouvernement n’ignore pas les difficultés matérielles, concrètes, qui peuvent encore exister dans l’accès à l’IVG, notamment dans certaines parties du territoire. Il s’agit là d’un autre sujet, qui n’est pas d’ordre constitutionnel. Nous sommes réunis aujourd’hui pour réviser notre Constitution, pas pour voter je ne sais quelle mesure relevant du périmètre du ministère de la santé, lequel ne ménage pas ses efforts pour améliorer l’accès à l’IVG partout en France – des annonces ont d’ailleurs été faites il y a quelques instants en séance lors des questions au Gouvernement concernant la revalorisation des tarifs des actes relatifs à l’IVG. Cette révision de la Constitution ne lèvera pas toutes les difficultés, mais elle prémunira les femmes, en France, contre une éventuelle régression brutale de leur liberté de recourir à l’avortement. C’est la volonté exprimée par l’Assemblée, puis par le Sénat ; c’est l’objectif du Président de la République, visé par le Gouvernement. Le projet de révision constitutionnelle constitue le point d’équilibre entre les nombreux travaux engagés dans les deux chambres et commencés ici même. Parce qu’elle respecte les priorités de l’Assemblée et le travail du Sénat, cette rédaction devrait nous permettre, j’en suis convaincu, de trouver une majorité dans les deux chambres, puis d’obtenir une majorité qualifiée au Congrès. Je forme le vœu que nos débats suffiront à dissiper les dernières hésitations et permettront à notre pays, par le vote de cette loi constitutionnelle, de franchir un pas historique pour les femmes. La France deviendrait alors le premier pays au monde à protéger cette liberté inaliénable de la femme dans sa Constitution.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1613,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p280",
   "case": "ivg",
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   "analysis_text": "J’ai l’honneur et la fierté de porter devant le Parlement le projet de loi constitutionnelle relatif à la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse. Ce projet de loi est l’aboutissement de nombreuses initiatives parlementaires et de débats déjà approfondis. Lors du deuxième semestre de 2022, neuf propositions de loi constitutionnelles ayant pour objet d’inscrire dans la Constitution le droit de recourir à l’IVG ont été déposées devant l’une ou l’autre des deux assemblées. Je rends hommage à ces initiatives, qui auront toutes utilement contribué à la réflexion commune autour de ce projet. Je salue, en particulier, les propositions de l’ancienne présidente [PERSONNE] et de la présidente [PERSONNE], grâce auxquelles l’Assemblée a joué un rôle moteur Avec ce projet, le Gouvernement donne suite à ces travaux et à l’appel qui lui a été lancé, auquel le Président de la République a répondu favorablement, le 8 mars 2023. À l’occasion de son discours prononcé en hommage à Gisèle Halimi, le Président a appelé à « changer notre Constitution afin d’y graver la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse pour assurer solennellement que rien ne pourra entraver ou défaire ce qui sera ainsi irréversible ». Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est donc présenté au Parlement comme une rédaction d’équilibre parmi celles qui ont été votées par l’Assemblée et par le Sénat. Il vise à créer un consensus entre les deux assemblées à partir de constats et d’objectifs partagés. Le constat me semble désormais clair, et le Conseil d’État l’a souligné dans son avis : il n’existe pas aujourd’hui de véritable protection supralégislative du droit ou de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme ne comporte pas de disposition spécifique sur l’avortement, et la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) considère que le droit au respect de la vie privée et familiale, protégé par l’article 8 de la Convention, ne peut être regardé comme consacrant un droit à l’avortement. En conséquence, elle renvoie à la marge dont dispose chaque État pour apprécier l’équilibre entre le droit à la vie privée de la mère et la protection de l’enfant à naître. De la même manière, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (CJUE) se borne à rappeler, en l’absence de disposition spécifique sur ce point, la compétence des États membres et renvoie à l’appréciation du législateur national. Quant au Conseil constitutionnel, il a jugé conformes à la Constitution les différentes lois relatives à l’IVG. Ce faisant, il a examiné l’équilibre ménagé entre, d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme, qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen (DDHC) de 1789. Le juge constitutionnel n’est pas allé plus loin. Il a pris le soin de souligner, au sujet de l’IVG, qu’« il ne dispose pas d’un pouvoir général d’appréciation et de décision de même nature que celui du Parlement » et qu’« il ne lui appartient donc pas de remettre en cause, au regard de l’état des connaissances et des techniques, les dispositions prises par le législateur ». Ainsi la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’IVG ne bénéficie-t-elle pas à ce jour d’une véritable consécration constitutionnelle. L’objectif du Gouvernement, qui rejoint les positions déjà exprimées à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat, est clair : accorder à cette liberté une protection constitutionnelle, sans toutefois figer la législation, ni créer une forme de droit absolu et sans limite. Cette protection constitutionnelle doit être suffisamment souple pour permettre au législateur de continuer son œuvre en la matière et donc ménager un équilibre satisfaisant, notamment au regard des évolutions techniques, médicales, scientifiques qui pourraient advenir. Ce qu’il s’agit d’empêcher, c’est que le législateur puisse un jour interdire tout recours à l’IVG ou en restreindre à ce point les conditions d’accès que la substance même de la liberté d’y recourir s’en trouverait atteinte. Le Gouvernement souhaite consacrer pleinement la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG, tout en reconnaissant le rôle du législateur dans l’organisation des conditions d’exercice de cette liberté. Les deux objectifs semblent pouvoir être conciliés par une rédaction qui protège la liberté ainsi reconnue, tout en préservant le rôle essentiel du Parlement. Pour y parvenir, le Gouvernement a retenu une voie médiane entre les rédactions de l’Assemblée nationale et du Sénat. Le projet de loi comporte une disposition unique, ayant pour objet de modifier l’article 34 de la Constitution en y ajoutant, après le dix-septième alinéa, un alinéa ainsi rédigé : « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Le Gouvernement a retenu l’article 34 de la Constitution, comme l’avait fait le Sénat. D’un point de vue juridique, cet emplacement paraît le plus adapté. Les diverses versions votées par le Parlement le montrent, aucun emplacement au sein de la Constitution n’est idéal. Cependant, l’article 34 semble préférable à la création, au sein du titre relatif à l’autorité judiciaire, d’un article 66-2 suivant l’article 66-1 relatif à l’abolition de la peine de mort. Le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaît que l’article 34 de la Constitution peut, contrairement à ce qu’une lecture rapide pourrait indiquer, accueillir des règles de fond et mettre des obligations positives à la charge du législateur – la révision constitutionnelle du 23 juillet 2008 y a ainsi inscrit que la loi fixe les règles concernant notamment la liberté, le pluralisme et l’indépendance des médias. Ce projet se caractérise par ailleurs par le choix du mot « liberté » plutôt que « droit ». Ce choix a été ô combien commenté, mais sa portée ne doit pas être surestimée. De fait, le Conseil d’État l’a relevé dans son avis, il n’existe pas dans les textes, ni dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, de différence établie entre ces deux termes. Si le Gouvernement a choisi ce terme, c’est dans un souci de clarté. Il s’agit, non pas de créer un droit absolu et sans limite, mais de faire référence à l’autonomie de la femme et de garantir ainsi l’exercice d’une liberté qui lui appartient, dans les conditions prévues par la loi. Enfin, le Gouvernement a souhaité insister sur le fait que, si les conditions de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG sont déterminées par le législateur, cette liberté doit rester dans tous les cas garantie aux femmes qui en bénéficient. C’est un point essentiel. Le mot « garantie », issu des travaux menés par votre assemblée, vise, là aussi, à exprimer clairement quelle est l’intention. Il s’agit, non pas d’une simple attribution de compétences au législateur, mais bien de la création d’une obligation positive à sa charge : celle de protéger cette liberté que la Constitution garantit dans les conditions qu’il estime appropriées, afin qu’à l’avenir, aucune majorité ne puisse porter atteinte à la liberté intangible pour la femme de disposer de son corps. J’en viens aux effets attendus de la révision constitutionnelle. Tout d’abord, c’est un point essentiel, aucune disposition législative en vigueur ne devrait être remise en cause par l’adoption du texte. Le Conseil d’État l’a très précisément constaté, et telle est bien l’intention du Gouvernement. Pour répondre par anticipation à certaines craintes exprimées ici ou là, la consécration de cette liberté n’emporte pas la remise en question d’autres libertés, notamment la liberté de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes qui leur permet de ne pas pratiquer l’IVG si cet acte est contraire à leurs convictions. Cette liberté est évidemment préservée. Ensuite, la rédaction proposée entend exprimer clairement que la décision d’avorter n’appartient qu’à la femme enceinte : elle ne nécessite ni l’autorisation d’un tiers, que ce soit le conjoint ou les parents, ni l’appréciation d’une autre personne. Cette liberté est reconnue à toute femme enceinte et même à toute personne enceinte, sans considération de son état civil, de son âge, de sa nationalité ou de la régularité de son séjour en France. Enfin, j’y insiste, cette rédaction ne vise pas à créer une forme de droit opposable. Le Gouvernement n’ignore pas les difficultés matérielles, concrètes, qui peuvent encore exister dans l’accès à l’IVG, notamment dans certaines parties du territoire. Il s’agit là d’un autre sujet, qui n’est pas d’ordre constitutionnel. Nous sommes réunis aujourd’hui pour réviser notre Constitution, pas pour voter je ne sais quelle mesure relevant du périmètre du ministère de la santé, lequel ne ménage pas ses efforts pour améliorer l’accès à l’IVG partout en France – des annonces ont d’ailleurs été faites il y a quelques instants en séance lors des questions au Gouvernement concernant la revalorisation des tarifs des actes relatifs à l’IVG. Cette révision de la Constitution ne lèvera pas toutes les difficultés, mais elle prémunira les femmes, en France, contre une éventuelle régression brutale de leur liberté de recourir à l’avortement. C’est la volonté exprimée par l’Assemblée, puis par le Sénat ; c’est l’objectif du Président de la République, visé par le Gouvernement. Le projet de révision constitutionnelle constitue le point d’équilibre entre les nombreux travaux engagés dans les deux chambres et commencés ici même. Parce qu’elle respecte les priorités de l’Assemblée et le travail du Sénat, cette rédaction devrait nous permettre, j’en suis convaincu, de trouver une majorité dans les deux chambres, puis d’obtenir une majorité qualifiée au Congrès. Je forme le vœu que nos débats suffiront à dissiper les dernières hésitations et permettront à notre pays, par le vote de cette loi constitutionnelle, de franchir un pas historique pour les femmes. La France deviendrait alors le premier pays au monde à protéger cette liberté inaliénable de la femme dans sa Constitution."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p294",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "294",
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    "297",
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    "299",
    "300",
    "301",
    "302",
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   "order": 294,
   "text": "Le texte soumis à notre examen est fortement attendu par le Parlement, qui avait pris l’initiative en la matière – des membres de la majorité présidentielle et des groupes La France insoumise, Socialistes, Écologiste et Gauche démocrate et républicaine avaient déposé des propositions de loi dès le début de la législature –, mais aussi par nos concitoyennes et nos concitoyens. On ne peut que saluer le choix du Président de la République de remettre l’ouvrage sur le métier pour permettre un aboutissement rapide et autonome de cette révision Le Parlement a travaillé en bonne intelligence et nous nous devons de poursuivre dans cette voie. Pour mémoire, en novembre 2022, l’Assemblée nationale a adopté, à une large majorité – 337 voix contre 32 – une rédaction, fruit d’un consensus transpartisan, qui reconnaissait la garantie de l’effectivité et de l’égal accès au droit à l’IVG. Dans la foulée, le Sénat, qui s’était jusqu’alors montré réticent à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, a également adopté un texte. Si ce dernier était moins ambitieux que celui de l’Assemblée, il n’en a pas moins constitué une avancée historique. Les deux chambres ont envoyé un message clair : elles souhaitent faire aboutir une révision constitutionnelle sur le sujet. Nous respectons les doutes de ceux qui s’interrogent sur l’opportunité d’inscrire la liberté de recourir à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Réformer la Constitution est un acte fort, qui traduit la volonté des constituants que nous sommes d’inscrire le choix du peuple présent pour le peuple futur. C’est marquer le présent pour protéger l’avenir. Je crois nécessaire de circonscrire le périmètre de nos débats. Il ne s’agit pas de discuter du cadre législatif en vigueur, ni de préparer des évolutions législatives visant à élargir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Nos débats seront scrutés en cas de contentieux, et les intentions du Gouvernement et du Parlement doivent être claires : la rédaction proposée n’implique nullement une évolution du droit existant et ne saurait être source d’un nouveau contentieux, par exemple par la voie d’une question prioritaire de constitutionnalité (QPC). Le Conseil d’État est on ne peut plus précis sur ce point. Le projet qui nous est soumis vise un objectif que nous partageons : rendre impossible une modification de la loi qui aurait pour objet d’interdire tout recours à l’IVG, ou d’en restreindre les conditions d’exercice de telle façon qu’elle priverait cette liberté de toute portée. Son adoption nous paraît indispensable pour renforcer la protection juridique de cette liberté. La Constitution recense déjà de nombreux droits et libertés, sans distinguer d’ailleurs ces deux notions, qui ont la même valeur, dans les préambules et les articles de la Constitution de 1958 : laïcité, égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, interdiction de la peine de mort, libre administration des collectivités territoriales, droit d’asile, pour ne citer que ceux-ci. Il n’y a donc pas d’incohérence ou de risque à reconnaître un nouveau droit. Au contraire, il appartient au législateur constituant d’en prendre la responsabilité, sans attendre que le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaisse éventuellement ce nouveau droit de manière prétorienne. Ne croyons pas que la protection de l’IVG par la loi est suffisante pour nous prémunir contre tout risque d’atteinte à cette liberté. Certes, le Conseil constitutionnel a admis la conformité à la Constitution des différentes réformes concernant l’IVG. Il a considéré que le législateur avait toujours respecté l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme telle qu’elle découle de l’article 2 de la DDHC, et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation. Notons cependant trois limites à cette protection. Premièrement, s’il admet sa constitutionnalité, le Conseil constitutionnel n’a jamais reconnu l’IVG comme une liberté ou un droit fondamental, contrairement à ce qu’il a décidé pour la liberté d’enseignement, par exemple. Deuxièmement, le Conseil n’ayant jamais eu à se prononcer sur une restriction du droit à l’IVG, on peut s’interroger sur sa capacité à déclarer inconstitutionnelles de telles dispositions sur le fondement de l’équilibre qu’il a défini, lequel repose sur une interprétation extensive de l’article 2 de la DDHC. Troisièmement, le Conseil reconnaît sur cette question un large pouvoir d’appréciation au législateur, ce qui est bien normal compte tenu du silence des textes constitutionnels. C’est cette ambiguïté et cette incertitude que nous souhaitons lever, sans priver le juge constitutionnel de son office. La modification de l’article 34 renvoie explicitement à la prérogative du législateur pour encadrer cette liberté, qui ne saurait être absolue. L’ajout du mot « garantie », principale évolution par rapport à la rédaction du Sénat, qui est très largement reprise par ailleurs, doit renforcer la protection – désormais de rang constitutionnel – de cette liberté contre d’éventuelles atteintes à l’avenir. À l’inverse, la suppression du mot « garantie » rétablirait une incertitude quant à l’intention du constituant, voire indiquerait que celui-ci n’a pas souhaité garantir ce droit, ce qui serait contre-productif. C’est pourquoi nous resterons foncièrement attachés à ce mot. Dans l’ensemble, la rédaction qui nous est proposée est la plus robuste et la plus opportune qui soit juridiquement. Au vu des auditions que j’ai menées, de l’avis du Conseil d’État – qui est très positif à l’égard de la rédaction proposée – et des travaux de nos collègues sénateurs, je considère que la formulation de l’article unique est précise et qu’elle n’est source d’aucune ambiguïté quant à l’objectif visé. L’emplacement retenu, à l’article 34 de la Constitution, a du sens au vu de notre histoire constitutionnelle et de son évolution ; il ne réduit en rien la portée de la liberté ainsi garantie. Cette rédaction est, enfin, de nature à garantir une protection qui respecte le choix de chaque personne souhaitant recourir à une IVG. Je suis convaincu que la formulation retenue nous permettra de trouver un accord avec nos collègues sénateurs, car elle émane pour partie des travaux de qualité qu’ils ont menés au début de l’année 2023, travaux qui ont ouvert le chemin à la présentation du projet de loi constitutionnelle. C’est la raison pour laquelle je n’ai pas déposé le moindre amendement et je vous inviterai à retenir la rédaction qui nous est proposée. Cela n’enlève rien à l’importance des débats que nous aurons sur les amendements : ils mettront en lumière l’objectif et les choix juridiques qui ont conduit à cette rédaction. Cette révision intervient dans un contexte qui inquiète celles et ceux qui défendent les droits des femmes. En Europe, aux États-Unis et partout à travers le monde, ce droit est menacé. L’arrêt de la Cour suprême américaine nous a rappelé que, même dans un pays aussi développé et attaché aux libertés que les États-Unis, le recul du droit à l’avortement est possible. Sans transposer la situation juridique américaine à notre pays, force est de constater que les droits des femmes, selon la formule attribuée à Simone de Beauvoir, « ne sont jamais acquis » et qu’il « suffira d’une crise pour qu’[ils] soient remis en question ». En Pologne, en Hongrie, les gouvernements créent des barrières à l’accès à l’IVG, comme l’obligation d’écouter le cœur du bébé ou l’interdiction d’avorter en cas de malformation du fœtus. Le droit européen ne nous apporte aucune garantie en la matière, car la CEDH et la CJUE laissent une grande marge d’appréciation aux États. Les militants dits anti-choix sont très actifs en France et reçoivent des financements substantiels. Les entraves prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses : certaines plateformes vont jusqu’à proposer un numéro vert pour se faire passer pour des organismes publics et dissuader les femmes qui les appellent. Ne croyons donc pas que la France est complètement imperméable à ce risque. C’est justement parce que ce droit est encore solidement ancré en France qu’il faut le protéger : on ne prend pas une assurance quand la maison brûle. Enfin, par cette révision, notre pays enverrait un message fort au monde, en devenant le premier État à reconnaître l’IVG dans le texte de sa Constitution, qui a servi de modèle à tant de pays au cours de l’histoire. En somme, ce texte est rien et tout à la fois. Il n’est rien, parce qu’il ne bouleverse pas le droit existant. Il est tout, parce qu’il crée un bouclier non régressif pour l’avenir, en érigeant la liberté de recourir à l’IVG au rang des libertés fondamentales devant être garanties par un État de droit au XXIe siècle.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
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   "text_ref": "",
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   "analysis_text": "Le texte soumis à notre examen est fortement attendu par le Parlement, qui avait pris l’initiative en la matière – des membres de la majorité présidentielle et des groupes [GROUPE], Socialistes, [GROUPE] et [GROUPE] avaient déposé des propositions de loi dès le début de la législature –, mais aussi par nos concitoyennes et nos concitoyens. On ne peut que saluer le choix du Président de la République de remettre l’ouvrage sur le métier pour permettre un aboutissement rapide et autonome de cette révision Le Parlement a travaillé en bonne intelligence et nous nous devons de poursuivre dans cette voie. Pour mémoire, en novembre 2022, l’Assemblée nationale a adopté, à une large majorité – 337 voix contre 32 – une rédaction, fruit d’un consensus transpartisan, qui reconnaissait la garantie de l’effectivité et de l’égal accès au droit à l’IVG. Dans la foulée, le Sénat, qui s’était jusqu’alors montré réticent à l’inscription de l’IVG dans la Constitution, a également adopté un texte. Si ce dernier était moins ambitieux que celui de l’Assemblée, il n’en a pas moins constitué une avancée historique. Les deux chambres ont envoyé un message clair : elles souhaitent faire aboutir une révision constitutionnelle sur le sujet. Nous respectons les doutes de ceux qui s’interrogent sur l’opportunité d’inscrire la liberté de recourir à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Réformer la Constitution est un acte fort, qui traduit la volonté des constituants que nous sommes d’inscrire le choix du peuple présent pour le peuple futur. C’est marquer le présent pour protéger l’avenir. Je crois nécessaire de circonscrire le périmètre de nos débats. Il ne s’agit pas de discuter du cadre législatif en vigueur, ni de préparer des évolutions législatives visant à élargir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Nos débats seront scrutés en cas de contentieux, et les intentions du Gouvernement et du Parlement doivent être claires : la rédaction proposée n’implique nullement une évolution du droit existant et ne saurait être source d’un nouveau contentieux, par exemple par la voie d’une question prioritaire de constitutionnalité (QPC). Le Conseil d’État est on ne peut plus précis sur ce point. Le projet qui nous est soumis vise un objectif que nous partageons : rendre impossible une modification de la loi qui aurait pour objet d’interdire tout recours à l’IVG, ou d’en restreindre les conditions d’exercice de telle façon qu’elle priverait cette liberté de toute portée. Son adoption nous paraît indispensable pour renforcer la protection juridique de cette liberté. La Constitution recense déjà de nombreux droits et libertés, sans distinguer d’ailleurs ces deux notions, qui ont la même valeur, dans les préambules et les articles de la Constitution de 1958 : laïcité, égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, interdiction de la peine de mort, libre administration des collectivités territoriales, droit d’asile, pour ne citer que ceux-ci. Il n’y a donc pas d’incohérence ou de risque à reconnaître un nouveau droit. Au contraire, il appartient au législateur constituant d’en prendre la responsabilité, sans attendre que le Conseil constitutionnel reconnaisse éventuellement ce nouveau droit de manière prétorienne. Ne croyons pas que la protection de l’IVG par la loi est suffisante pour nous prémunir contre tout risque d’atteinte à cette liberté. Certes, le Conseil constitutionnel a admis la conformité à la Constitution des différentes réformes concernant l’IVG. Il a considéré que le législateur avait toujours respecté l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme telle qu’elle découle de l’article 2 de la DDHC, et la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation. Notons cependant trois limites à cette protection. Premièrement, s’il admet sa constitutionnalité, le Conseil constitutionnel n’a jamais reconnu l’IVG comme une liberté ou un droit fondamental, contrairement à ce qu’il a décidé pour la liberté d’enseignement, par exemple. Deuxièmement, le Conseil n’ayant jamais eu à se prononcer sur une restriction du droit à l’IVG, on peut s’interroger sur sa capacité à déclarer inconstitutionnelles de telles dispositions sur le fondement de l’équilibre qu’il a défini, lequel repose sur une interprétation extensive de l’article 2 de la DDHC. Troisièmement, le Conseil reconnaît sur cette question un large pouvoir d’appréciation au législateur, ce qui est bien normal compte tenu du silence des textes constitutionnels. C’est cette ambiguïté et cette incertitude que nous souhaitons lever, sans priver le juge constitutionnel de son office. La modification de l’article 34 renvoie explicitement à la prérogative du législateur pour encadrer cette liberté, qui ne saurait être absolue. L’ajout du mot « garantie », principale évolution par rapport à la rédaction du Sénat, qui est très largement reprise par ailleurs, doit renforcer la protection – désormais de rang constitutionnel – de cette liberté contre d’éventuelles atteintes à l’avenir. À l’inverse, la suppression du mot « garantie » rétablirait une incertitude quant à l’intention du constituant, voire indiquerait que celui-ci n’a pas souhaité garantir ce droit, ce qui serait contre-productif. C’est pourquoi nous resterons foncièrement attachés à ce mot. Dans l’ensemble, la rédaction qui nous est proposée est la plus robuste et la plus opportune qui soit juridiquement. Au vu des auditions que j’ai menées, de l’avis du Conseil d’État – qui est très positif à l’égard de la rédaction proposée – et des travaux de nos collègues sénateurs, je considère que la formulation de l’article unique est précise et qu’elle n’est source d’aucune ambiguïté quant à l’objectif visé. L’emplacement retenu, à l’article 34 de la Constitution, a du sens au vu de notre histoire constitutionnelle et de son évolution ; il ne réduit en rien la portée de la liberté ainsi garantie. Cette rédaction est, enfin, de nature à garantir une protection qui respecte le choix de chaque personne souhaitant recourir à une IVG. Je suis convaincu que la formulation retenue nous permettra de trouver un accord avec nos collègues sénateurs, car elle émane pour partie des travaux de qualité qu’ils ont menés au début de l’année 2023, travaux qui ont ouvert le chemin à la présentation du projet de loi constitutionnelle. C’est la raison pour laquelle je n’ai pas déposé le moindre amendement et je vous inviterai à retenir la rédaction qui nous est proposée. Cela n’enlève rien à l’importance des débats que nous aurons sur les amendements : ils mettront en lumière l’objectif et les choix juridiques qui ont conduit à cette rédaction. Cette révision intervient dans un contexte qui inquiète celles et ceux qui défendent les droits des femmes. En Europe, aux États-Unis et partout à travers le monde, ce droit est menacé. L’arrêt de la Cour suprême américaine nous a rappelé que, même dans un pays aussi développé et attaché aux libertés que les États-Unis, le recul du droit à l’avortement est possible. Sans transposer la situation juridique américaine à notre pays, force est de constater que les droits des femmes, selon la formule attribuée à Simone de Beauvoir, « ne sont jamais acquis » et qu’il « suffira d’une crise pour qu’[ils] soient remis en question ». En Pologne, en Hongrie, les gouvernements créent des barrières à l’accès à l’IVG, comme l’obligation d’écouter le cœur du bébé ou l’interdiction d’avorter en cas de malformation du fœtus. Le droit européen ne nous apporte aucune garantie en la matière, car la CEDH et la CJUE laissent une grande marge d’appréciation aux États. Les militants dits anti-choix sont très actifs en France et reçoivent des financements substantiels. Les entraves prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses : certaines plateformes vont jusqu’à proposer un numéro vert pour se faire passer pour des organismes publics et dissuader les femmes qui les appellent. Ne croyons donc pas que la France est complètement imperméable à ce risque. C’est justement parce que ce droit est encore solidement ancré en France qu’il faut le protéger : on ne prend pas une assurance quand la maison brûle. Enfin, par cette révision, notre pays enverrait un message fort au monde, en devenant le premier État à reconnaître l’IVG dans le texte de sa Constitution, qui a servi de modèle à tant de pays au cours de l’histoire. En somme, ce texte est rien et tout à la fois. Il n’est rien, parce qu’il ne bouleverse pas le droit existant. Il est tout, parce qu’il crée un bouclier non régressif pour l’avenir, en érigeant la liberté de recourir à l’IVG au rang des libertés fondamentales devant être garanties par un État de droit au XXIe siècle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p310",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "311",
    "312",
    "313",
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   "order": 310,
   "text": "Nous y sommes ! Depuis le premier jour de la législature, nombre d’entre nous, dont les membres du groupe Renaissance, se sont mobilisés pour consacrer dans notre Constitution le droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG. Les initiatives parlementaires, parmi lesquelles celle de la ministre Aurore Bergé, alors présidente du groupe Renaissance, ont toutes fait valoir la nécessité de passer par un projet de loi constitutionnelle et appelé le Président de la République et le Gouvernement à agir. Je tiens à saluer, monsieur le garde des sceaux, votre engagement constant en faveur de l’inscription dans la Constitution du droit de recourir à l’IVG et la qualité du travail légistique que vous avez entrepris, souligné par l’avis, éclairant, du Conseil d’État, et le rapport établi par le rapporteur Que ceux qui craignent que la portée de la constitutionnalisation excède le cadre juridique actuel se rassurent : le juge constitutionnel a pour vocation de concilier des principes contradictoires. Ce sera le cas, demain, pour la liberté de recourir à l’IVG et la liberté de conscience, notamment. La formulation retenue et son inscription à l’article 34 de notre Constitution consacrent les prérogatives du législateur pour délimiter les contours et les modalités d’exercice de ce droit, dont la Constitution protégera le caractère effectif. Afin que les deux chambres du Parlement puissent parvenir à un accord, et conformément aux engagements pris, le Gouvernement a proposé une rédaction de compromis. À ceux qui la jugent perfectible, je répondrai que le mieux est l’ennemi du bien, que le Conseil d’État comme notre rapporteur considèrent que la formulation proposée permet de consacrer à l’échelon constitutionnel le droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG, et que le mot « liberté » a la même valeur que celui de « droit », le terme essentiel étant « garantie ». La protection juridique accordée sera donc équivalente à celle préconisée par les deux propositions de loi constitutionnelles de l’Assemblée nationale et du Sénat examinées l’an dernier. Il n’est plus temps d’ergoter sur une formulation plus ou moins parfaite ; il faut constater que cette rédaction de compromis atteint son objectif : une loi constitutionnelle qui protège le droit à l’avortement et installe un bouclier protecteur non régressif. Nous n’avons jamais été aussi près de consacrer ce droit essentiel des femmes. Agissons ! D’autant plus que le Conseil d’État reconnaît, dans son avis, qu’il n’existe aucune garantie constitutionnelle ou conventionnelle qui donnerait une portée supralégislative à la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’IVG. L’humilité commande de regarder avec lucidité ce qui se passe hors du territoire français : partout, les réactionnaires, lorsqu’ils arrivent au pouvoir, portent atteinte à ce droit, car il constitue un pilier essentiel de la capacité des femmes à maîtriser leur corps, et donc leur destin. Il faudrait être aveugle ou de mauvaise foi pour ne pas voir la réalité de la menace. Non, les anti-IVG, dans notre pays, n’ont pas disparu. Ils pullulent sur les réseaux sociaux et sur internet. Ils envoient des fœtus en plastique aux députés engagés sur la question. Ils défileront dans nos rues dimanche prochain. Ils sont même présents dans les rangs de notre assemblée ; certains l’assument franchement, même aujourd’hui, d’autres beaucoup moins. Mais n’oublions pas que, si la stratégie de la cravate modifie l’apparence, elle ne change rien au fond, et que Marine Le Pen défendait il y a encore quelques années le déremboursement de l’IVG – les prétendus « avortements de confort ». C’est avec bonheur, en responsabilité, dans la perspective d’aboutir à la consécration du droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG, et d’envoyer un message d’espoir à toutes les femmes de par le monde qui voient leurs droits reproductifs fragilisés, que le groupe Renaissance votera pour ce texte, sans modification.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 622,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p310",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nb1bc9ff6acda",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous y sommes ! Depuis le premier jour de la législature, nombre d’entre nous, dont les membres du groupe [GROUPE], se sont mobilisés pour consacrer dans notre Constitution le droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG. Les initiatives parlementaires, parmi lesquelles celle de la ministre [PERSONNE], alors présidente du groupe [GROUPE], ont toutes fait valoir la nécessité de passer par un projet de loi constitutionnelle et appelé le Président de la République et le Gouvernement à agir. Je tiens à saluer, monsieur le garde des sceaux, votre engagement constant en faveur de l’inscription dans la Constitution du droit de recourir à l’IVG et la qualité du travail légistique que vous avez entrepris, souligné par l’avis, éclairant, du Conseil d’État, et le rapport établi par le rapporteur Que ceux qui craignent que la portée de la constitutionnalisation excède le cadre juridique actuel se rassurent : le juge constitutionnel a pour vocation de concilier des principes contradictoires. Ce sera le cas, demain, pour la liberté de recourir à l’IVG et la liberté de conscience, notamment. La formulation retenue et son inscription à l’article 34 de notre Constitution consacrent les prérogatives du législateur pour délimiter les contours et les modalités d’exercice de ce droit, dont la Constitution protégera le caractère effectif. Afin que les deux chambres du Parlement puissent parvenir à un accord, et conformément aux engagements pris, le Gouvernement a proposé une rédaction de compromis. À ceux qui la jugent perfectible, je répondrai que le mieux est l’ennemi du bien, que le Conseil d’État comme notre rapporteur considèrent que la formulation proposée permet de consacrer à l’échelon constitutionnel le droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG, et que le mot « liberté » a la même valeur que celui de « droit », le terme essentiel étant « garantie ». La protection juridique accordée sera donc équivalente à celle préconisée par les deux propositions de loi constitutionnelles de l’Assemblée nationale et du Sénat examinées l’an dernier. Il n’est plus temps d’ergoter sur une formulation plus ou moins parfaite ; il faut constater que cette rédaction de compromis atteint son objectif : une loi constitutionnelle qui protège le droit à l’avortement et installe un bouclier protecteur non régressif. Nous n’avons jamais été aussi près de consacrer ce droit essentiel des femmes. Agissons ! D’autant plus que le Conseil d’État reconnaît, dans son avis, qu’il n’existe aucune garantie constitutionnelle ou conventionnelle qui donnerait une portée supralégislative à la liberté des femmes de recourir à l’IVG. L’humilité commande de regarder avec lucidité ce qui se passe hors du territoire français : partout, les réactionnaires, lorsqu’ils arrivent au pouvoir, portent atteinte à ce droit, car il constitue un pilier essentiel de la capacité des femmes à maîtriser leur corps, et donc leur destin. Il faudrait être aveugle ou de mauvaise foi pour ne pas voir la réalité de la menace. Non, les anti-IVG, dans notre pays, n’ont pas disparu. Ils pullulent sur les réseaux sociaux et sur internet. Ils envoient des fœtus en plastique aux députés engagés sur la question. Ils défileront dans nos rues dimanche prochain. Ils sont même présents dans les rangs de notre assemblée ; certains l’assument franchement, même aujourd’hui, d’autres beaucoup moins. Mais n’oublions pas que, si la stratégie de la cravate modifie l’apparence, elle ne change rien au fond, et que [PERSONNE] défendait il y a encore quelques années le déremboursement de l’IVG – les prétendus « avortements de confort ». C’est avec bonheur, en responsabilité, dans la perspective d’aboutir à la consécration du droit des femmes de recourir à l’IVG, et d’envoyer un message d’espoir à toutes les femmes de par le monde qui voient leurs droits reproductifs fragilisés, que le groupe [GROUPE] votera pour ce texte, sans modification."
  },
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   "date": "2024-01-16",
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   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes (RN).",
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   ],
   "order": 315,
   "text": "Dire que l’inscription dans la Constitution de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG est très éloignée des préoccupations actuelles de la grande majorité de nos concitoyens est un euphémisme, tant les esprits sont tournés vers la hausse galopante des prix de l’énergie et la baisse corrélative du pouvoir d’achat, ainsi que vers une situation internationale plus qu’inquiétante Ce texte est également peu utile pour des raisons conjoncturelles. Personne au sein de la classe politique française ne souhaite remettre en cause l’accès à l’IVG. Ce dernier n’est absolument pas menacé. Rappelons que 234 300 IVG ont été réalisées en 2022 et que ce chiffre, en constante augmentation ces dernières années, est deux fois plus élevé qu’en Allemagne. Ce texte présente en outre peu d’utilité pour des raisons juridiques. La liberté de la femme de recourir à une IVG, à l’instar de toute liberté, ne peut être absolue : elle doit être conciliée avec d’autres libertés, droits et principes, comme le principe de la dignité humaine ou la liberté de conscience des personnels de santé, qui est aussi une liberté constitutionnelle. Par ailleurs, cette inscription nécessiterait la refonte d’une partie du code de la santé publique et du droit médical, ce qui, au vu de l’état de notre système de santé, n’est pas souhaitable. D’aucuns mettent en avant l’aspect symbolique de la démarche, mais la Constitution n’est pas un texte symbolique. La Constitution de la Ve République a été adoptée en 1958 par le Peuple, par la voie du référendum – à l’époque, il n’existait pas que dans les livres. La Constitution fixe les principes essentiels et les droits fondamentaux qui régissent la vie en société. À cet égard, certains constitutionnalistes estiment qu’inscrire cette liberté dans notre Constitution n’est pas responsable, car la norme constitutionnelle doit être un point d’ancrage et notre droit un élément de stabilité, et non l’exutoire des désirs de certains. Au demeurant, comment la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une IVG peut-elle s’imposer comme un droit fondamental, alors que cette liberté n’est en réalité qu’une possibilité dérogatoire au droit à la vie inscrit dans la loi Veil ? Il y a là une incompatibilité absolue. Dès lors, pourquoi ce texte, puisque la liberté en question n’est menacée par personne, et que, juridiquement, il ne s’impose pas ? Les auteurs de ce projet, tout en reconnaissant que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG n’est nullement menacée dans notre pays, dressent un inventaire à la Prévert : la France devrait entreprendre une croisade sur le continent européen et partout dans le monde – comme si nous n’avions pas assez de problèmes en France ; la France serait ainsi l’un des premiers pays au monde, et le premier en Europe, à reconnaître dans sa Constitution cette liberté ; le chef de l’État souhaiterait adresser un message universel de solidarité à toutes les femmes qui voient cette liberté bafouée. Or, la sauvegarde des droits et libertés des femmes ne se réduit pas à un sombre concours pour savoir qui sera le premier, ni à une croisade à travers le monde, et encore moins à un message universel envoyé à la terre entière, à plus forte raison lorsque ces droits et libertés ne sont pas, tant s’en faut, effectifs en France. Les femmes, où qu’elles vivent, méritent mieux que cette vulgaire course à la gloriole.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 558,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p315",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Ne97a1673d420",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Dire que l’inscription dans la Constitution de la liberté de la femme de recourir à l’IVG est très éloignée des préoccupations actuelles de la grande majorité de nos concitoyens est un euphémisme, tant les esprits sont tournés vers la hausse galopante des prix de l’énergie et la baisse corrélative du pouvoir d’achat, ainsi que vers une situation internationale plus qu’inquiétante Ce texte est également peu utile pour des raisons conjoncturelles. Personne au sein de la classe politique française ne souhaite remettre en cause l’accès à l’IVG. Ce dernier n’est absolument pas menacé. Rappelons que 234 300 IVG ont été réalisées en 2022 et que ce chiffre, en constante augmentation ces dernières années, est deux fois plus élevé qu’en Allemagne. Ce texte présente en outre peu d’utilité pour des raisons juridiques. La liberté de la femme de recourir à une IVG, à l’instar de toute liberté, ne peut être absolue : elle doit être conciliée avec d’autres libertés, droits et principes, comme le principe de la dignité humaine ou la liberté de conscience des personnels de santé, qui est aussi une liberté constitutionnelle. Par ailleurs, cette inscription nécessiterait la refonte d’une partie du code de la santé publique et du droit médical, ce qui, au vu de l’état de notre système de santé, n’est pas souhaitable. D’aucuns mettent en avant l’aspect symbolique de la démarche, mais la Constitution n’est pas un texte symbolique. La Constitution de la Ve République a été adoptée en 1958 par le Peuple, par la voie du référendum – à l’époque, il n’existait pas que dans les livres. La Constitution fixe les principes essentiels et les droits fondamentaux qui régissent la vie en société. À cet égard, certains constitutionnalistes estiment qu’inscrire cette liberté dans notre Constitution n’est pas responsable, car la norme constitutionnelle doit être un point d’ancrage et notre droit un élément de stabilité, et non l’exutoire des désirs de certains. Au demeurant, comment la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une IVG peut-elle s’imposer comme un droit fondamental, alors que cette liberté n’est en réalité qu’une possibilité dérogatoire au droit à la vie inscrit dans la loi Veil ? Il y a là une incompatibilité absolue. Dès lors, pourquoi ce texte, puisque la liberté en question n’est menacée par personne, et que, juridiquement, il ne s’impose pas ? Les auteurs de ce projet, tout en reconnaissant que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG n’est nullement menacée dans notre pays, dressent un inventaire à la Prévert : la France devrait entreprendre une croisade sur le continent européen et partout dans le monde – comme si nous n’avions pas assez de problèmes en France ; la France serait ainsi l’un des premiers pays au monde, et le premier en Europe, à reconnaître dans sa Constitution cette liberté ; le chef de l’État souhaiterait adresser un message universel de solidarité à toutes les femmes qui voient cette liberté bafouée. Or, la sauvegarde des droits et libertés des femmes ne se réduit pas à un sombre concours pour savoir qui sera le premier, ni à une croisade à travers le monde, et encore moins à un message universel envoyé à la terre entière, à plus forte raison lorsque ces droits et libertés ne sont pas, tant s’en faut, effectifs en France. Les femmes, où qu’elles vivent, méritent mieux que cette vulgaire course à la gloriole."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p321",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "322",
    "323",
    "324",
    "325",
    "326",
    "327",
    "328",
    "329"
   ],
   "order": 321,
   "text": "La législation sur l’IVG n’a jamais été une évidence, comme vient de l’illustrer l’intervention de l’extrême droite. Cette législation est née d’un long processus historique d’acquisition de droits civils, sociaux et politiques au bénéfice des femmes en France. Je rends hommage aux militantes, aux associations qui, sur le terrain, dans les permanences, ont inlassablement mené ce combat et ce, de longue date. Je pense en particulier à l’Association nationale pour l’étude de l’avortement (Anea), à Choisir, au Mouvement français pour le planning familial (MFPF), au Mouvement de libération des femmes (MLF), au Mouvement pour la liberté de l’avortement et de la contraception (Mlac) et à beaucoup d’autres organisations, que je ne peux pas toutes citer. Je rends hommage à toutes celles et tous ceux qui, hier comme aujourd’hui, ont mené une lutte sans repos pour les droits des femmes : cette victoire, comme celle de 1975, est la leur Or, en 2024, quarante-neuf ans après le vote de la loi Veil, l’accès à l’IVG n’est toujours pas pleinement effectif dans notre pays. Il est toujours difficile pour certaines femmes d’accéder à un avortement sûr, sécurisé, dans des délais convenables. La double clause de conscience n’est toujours pas abrogée. Certaines femmes doivent encore parcourir des dizaines de kilomètres pour avorter. En quinze ans, 130 centres IVG ont été fermés, selon le Planning familial. Le combat des femmes pour le droit à disposer de leur corps est plus que jamais d’actualité. Quarante-neuf ans après le vote de la loi Veil, nous restons parfois dans un « en même temps » insupportable, qui est la marque de ce gouvernement. Comment oublier que le 5 janvier, l’ancienne ministre de la santé, Agnès Firmin Le Bodo, se rendait à l’institut Lejeune, qui milite ouvertement contre l’avortement et le droit à mourir dans la dignité ? Comment oublier que la nouvelle ministre de la santé, Catherine Vautrin, alors qu’elle était députée, membre du groupe Les Républicains, saisissait en 2017 le Conseil constitutionnel, lui demandant de censurer la loi relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’IVG ? Surtout, comment oublier que le décret censé autoriser les sages-femmes à pratiquer des IVG instrumentales, pris il y a seulement un mois en application de la loi Gaillot, est si contraignant qu’il en arrive à contredire l’objectif même de la loi, faisant ainsi régresser le droit à l’IVG ? Je vous le demande avec d’autant plus de force que, en France, en Italie, aux États-Unis et dans bien d’autres pays du monde, les anti-choix battent le pavé, avec à la clef, bien souvent, des victoires de l’extrême droite. À travers le monde, ils ont un seul mot d’ordre : la régression. Demain, en Andorre – dont le Président de la République est le coprince –, sera rendu le verdict dans le procès de Vanessa Mendoza Cortés. Militante pour le droit à l’avortement dans un pays où l’IVG est considérée comme un crime, elle est jugée pour avoir dénoncé cet état de fait devant l’ONU. Il est plus qu’urgent d’inscrire la garantie du droit à l’IVG et, par-là, d’envoyer un signal aux femmes qui se battent dans le monde entier. Le « manifeste des 343 salopes » affirmait : « L’avortement libre et gratuit n’est pas le but ultime de la lutte des femmes. Au contraire il ne correspond qu’à l’exigence la plus élémentaire, ce sans quoi le combat politique ne peut même pas commencer. » La victoire à laquelle nous aspirons est donc celle de l’humanisme qui guide l’action de mon groupe, pour la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG comme pour le droit à mourir dans la dignité. Il n’y a pas de plus grande liberté, selon nous, que d’être maître de son corps tout au long de sa vie. Bien que nous ne soyons pas d’accord avec la rédaction du projet de loi constitutionnelle, nous voterons celui-ci en l’état, parce que le besoin de consacrer ce droit humain fondamental dans la Constitution est urgent, autant pour les femmes de ce pays que pour envoyer un message d’encouragement à toutes celles qui se battent en Argentine, aux États-Unis, en Pologne, en Hongrie, en Italie et dans bien d’autres pays. Nous modifierons cette rédaction dans la Constitution de la VIe République, que j’espère, en ajoutant au droit à l’IVG son corollaire : le droit à la contraception.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 717,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p321",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nc3f7e94f7f98",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La législation sur l’IVG n’a jamais été une évidence, comme vient de l’illustrer l’intervention de l’extrême droite. Cette législation est née d’un long processus historique d’acquisition de droits civils, sociaux et politiques au bénéfice des femmes en France. Je rends hommage aux militantes, aux associations qui, sur le terrain, dans les permanences, ont inlassablement mené ce combat et ce, de longue date. Je pense en particulier à l’Association nationale pour l’étude de l’avortement (Anea), à Choisir, au Mouvement français pour le planning familial (MFPF), au Mouvement de libération des femmes (MLF), au Mouvement pour la liberté de l’avortement et de la contraception (Mlac) et à beaucoup d’autres organisations, que je ne peux pas toutes citer. Je rends hommage à toutes celles et tous ceux qui, hier comme aujourd’hui, ont mené une lutte sans repos pour les droits des femmes : cette victoire, comme celle de 1975, est la leur Or, en 2024, quarante-neuf ans après le vote de la loi Veil, l’accès à l’IVG n’est toujours pas pleinement effectif dans notre pays. Il est toujours difficile pour certaines femmes d’accéder à un avortement sûr, sécurisé, dans des délais convenables. La double clause de conscience n’est toujours pas abrogée. Certaines femmes doivent encore parcourir des dizaines de kilomètres pour avorter. En quinze ans, 130 centres IVG ont été fermés, selon le Planning familial. Le combat des femmes pour le droit à disposer de leur corps est plus que jamais d’actualité. Quarante-neuf ans après le vote de la loi Veil, nous restons parfois dans un « en même temps » insupportable, qui est la marque de ce gouvernement. Comment oublier que le 5 janvier, l’ancienne ministre de la santé, [PERSONNE], se rendait à l’institut Lejeune, qui milite ouvertement contre l’avortement et le droit à mourir dans la dignité ? Comment oublier que la nouvelle ministre de la santé, [PERSONNE], alors qu’elle était députée, membre du groupe [GROUPE], saisissait en 2017 le Conseil constitutionnel, lui demandant de censurer la loi relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’IVG ? Surtout, comment oublier que le décret censé autoriser les sages-femmes à pratiquer des IVG instrumentales, pris il y a seulement un mois en application de la loi Gaillot, est si contraignant qu’il en arrive à contredire l’objectif même de la loi, faisant ainsi régresser le droit à l’IVG ? Je vous le demande avec d’autant plus de force que, en France, en Italie, aux États-Unis et dans bien d’autres pays du monde, les anti-choix battent le pavé, avec à la clef, bien souvent, des victoires de l’extrême droite. À travers le monde, ils ont un seul mot d’ordre : la régression. Demain, en Andorre – dont le Président de la République est le coprince –, sera rendu le verdict dans le procès de Vanessa Mendoza Cortés. Militante pour le droit à l’avortement dans un pays où l’IVG est considérée comme un crime, elle est jugée pour avoir dénoncé cet état de fait devant l’ONU. Il est plus qu’urgent d’inscrire la garantie du droit à l’IVG et, par-là, d’envoyer un signal aux femmes qui se battent dans le monde entier. Le « manifeste des 343 salopes » affirmait : « L’avortement libre et gratuit n’est pas le but ultime de la lutte des femmes. Au contraire il ne correspond qu’à l’exigence la plus élémentaire, ce sans quoi le combat politique ne peut même pas commencer. » La victoire à laquelle nous aspirons est donc celle de l’humanisme qui guide l’action de mon groupe, pour la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG comme pour le droit à mourir dans la dignité. Il n’y a pas de plus grande liberté, selon nous, que d’être maître de son corps tout au long de sa vie. Bien que nous ne soyons pas d’accord avec la rédaction du projet de loi constitutionnelle, nous voterons celui-ci en l’état, parce que le besoin de consacrer ce droit humain fondamental dans la Constitution est urgent, autant pour les femmes de ce pays que pour envoyer un message d’encouragement à toutes celles qui se battent en Argentine, aux États-Unis, en Pologne, en Hongrie, en Italie et dans bien d’autres pays. Nous modifierons cette rédaction dans la Constitution de la VIe République, que j’espère, en ajoutant au droit à l’IVG son corollaire : le droit à la contraception."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "330",
    "331",
    "332",
    "333",
    "334",
    "335",
    "336"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Avant que nous n’examinions ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, je souhaiterais rappeler la lignée dans laquelle il s’inscrit. Jusqu’en 1975, l’avortement constituait un délit pénal, sanctionné par cinq ans d’emprisonnement. Les médecins pouvaient être condamnés à une interdiction d’exercer ; les femmes concernées étaient contraintes de se rendre à l’étranger ou de recourir à des avortements clandestins, comportant tous les risques que l’on sait La légalisation de l’IVG est le fruit d’un long combat. Le droit à l’IVG fait désormais partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique fondamental, ce dont nous nous félicitons. La question qui nous est aujourd’hui posée est de savoir si la protection constitutionnelle de l’IVG en France est suffisamment solide et durable, ou si l’inscription de cette protection dans la Constitution est nécessaire. Corollairement, nous devons nous demander si cette inscription ne risque pas de rompre l’équilibre auquel est parvenue la loi Veil entre le droit à l’avortement et le droit ou la liberté de l’enfant à naître. Il faut le rappeler, il n’existe pas aujourd’hui en France de risque de revirement de la jurisprudence relative à l’avortement. La décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis n’emporte aucune conséquence pour notre pays. Le droit à l’avortement tel que la loi Veil le garantit n’est pas menacé, comme l’indiquent tous les avis du Conseil constitutionnel. Il demeure l’un de nos droits fondamentaux. Nos groupes politiques, sauf exception, sont au diapason sur ce sujet. L’IVG figure ainsi dans notre droit depuis 1975, et le droit d’y avoir recours n’a cessé d’être renforcé depuis cette date. Par quatre fois, le Conseil constitutionnel s’est prononcé en faveur de sa constitutionnalité et a approuvé son élargissement : en 1975, 2001, 2014 et 2016. Ainsi, même si l’IVG n’était pas inscrite dans la Constitution, il est fort probable que le Conseil constitutionnel jugerait inconstitutionnelle une loi interdisant ou restreignant l’IVG, puisqu’elle priverait de garantie légale l’exercice de cette liberté de la femme reconnue par l’article 2 de la DDHC de 1789. On peut donc s’interroger sur le caractère strictement symbolique de l’inscription dans la Constitution prévue par le présent projet de loi. Il est important que nous envoyions des signaux au monde ; la France a un rôle à jouer dans ce domaine. Attention, toutefois, à ne pas instrumentaliser notre loi fondamentale à des fins diplomatiques ou du moins, si nous le faisons, à ne pas nous exposer de ce fait à un risque juridique nouveau, donnant lieu à l’ouverture de contentieux. L’exposé des motifs du projet indique que la révision constitutionnelle vise à adresser un message universel de solidarité aux femmes qui voient leur liberté bafouée. Rappelons cependant que Simone Veil elle-même, en décembre 2008, n’a pas recommandé de modifier le préambule de la Constitution, ni d’intégrer à celle-ci des droits ou libertés fondamentaux liés à la bioéthique, tels que le droit ou la liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG. Elle s’était, en outre, déclarée contre l’inscription dans la Constitution de dispositions de portée purement symbolique. Les députés du groupe Les Républicains sont attachés à l’équilibre de la loi Veil de 1975, qui repose sur la conciliation entre la liberté des femmes et la protection de l’enfant à naître. Nous aurons donc beaucoup de questions à poser sur l’articulation entre la garantie de la liberté de recours à l’IVG souhaitée par le Gouvernement, d’une part, et la liberté de conscience des médecins et les droits de l’enfant à naître, d’autre part.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 568,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p330",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N0403412aae3a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Avant que nous n’examinions ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, je souhaiterais rappeler la lignée dans laquelle il s’inscrit. Jusqu’en 1975, l’avortement constituait un délit pénal, sanctionné par cinq ans d’emprisonnement. Les médecins pouvaient être condamnés à une interdiction d’exercer ; les femmes concernées étaient contraintes de se rendre à l’étranger ou de recourir à des avortements clandestins, comportant tous les risques que l’on sait La légalisation de l’IVG est le fruit d’un long combat. Le droit à l’IVG fait désormais partie intégrante de notre patrimoine juridique fondamental, ce dont nous nous félicitons. La question qui nous est aujourd’hui posée est de savoir si la protection constitutionnelle de l’IVG en France est suffisamment solide et durable, ou si l’inscription de cette protection dans la Constitution est nécessaire. Corollairement, nous devons nous demander si cette inscription ne risque pas de rompre l’équilibre auquel est parvenue la loi Veil entre le droit à l’avortement et le droit ou la liberté de l’enfant à naître. Il faut le rappeler, il n’existe pas aujourd’hui en France de risque de revirement de la jurisprudence relative à l’avortement. La décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis n’emporte aucune conséquence pour notre pays. Le droit à l’avortement tel que la loi Veil le garantit n’est pas menacé, comme l’indiquent tous les avis du Conseil constitutionnel. Il demeure l’un de nos droits fondamentaux. Nos groupes politiques, sauf exception, sont au diapason sur ce sujet. L’IVG figure ainsi dans notre droit depuis 1975, et le droit d’y avoir recours n’a cessé d’être renforcé depuis cette date. Par quatre fois, le Conseil constitutionnel s’est prononcé en faveur de sa constitutionnalité et a approuvé son élargissement : en 1975, 2001, 2014 et 2016. Ainsi, même si l’IVG n’était pas inscrite dans la Constitution, il est fort probable que le Conseil constitutionnel jugerait inconstitutionnelle une loi interdisant ou restreignant l’IVG, puisqu’elle priverait de garantie légale l’exercice de cette liberté de la femme reconnue par l’article 2 de la DDHC de 1789. On peut donc s’interroger sur le caractère strictement symbolique de l’inscription dans la Constitution prévue par le présent projet de loi. Il est important que nous envoyions des signaux au monde ; la France a un rôle à jouer dans ce domaine. Attention, toutefois, à ne pas instrumentaliser notre loi fondamentale à des fins diplomatiques ou du moins, si nous le faisons, à ne pas nous exposer de ce fait à un risque juridique nouveau, donnant lieu à l’ouverture de contentieux. L’exposé des motifs du projet indique que la révision constitutionnelle vise à adresser un message universel de solidarité aux femmes qui voient leur liberté bafouée. Rappelons cependant que Simone Veil elle-même, en décembre 2008, n’a pas recommandé de modifier le préambule de la Constitution, ni d’intégrer à celle-ci des droits ou libertés fondamentaux liés à la bioéthique, tels que le droit ou la liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG. Elle s’était, en outre, déclarée contre l’inscription dans la Constitution de dispositions de portée purement symbolique. Les députés du groupe [GROUPE] sont attachés à l’équilibre de la loi Veil de 1975, qui repose sur la conciliation entre la liberté des femmes et la protection de l’enfant à naître. Nous aurons donc beaucoup de questions à poser sur l’articulation entre la garantie de la liberté de recours à l’IVG souhaitée par le Gouvernement, d’une part, et la liberté de conscience des médecins et les droits de l’enfant à naître, d’autre part."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p337",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "340",
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   "order": 337,
   "text": "Clin d’œil de l’histoire, demain, alors que notre commission débattra du présent projet de loi, il se sera écoulé quarante-neuf ans depuis la promulgation de la loi Veil, qui donna aux femmes la liberté de disposer de leur corps et de choisir d’être mères. Depuis, plusieurs lois ont élargi et amélioré le cadre de prise en charge de l’IVG Malheureusement, le droit à l’IVG, que nous pensons fondamental et inaliénable, n’est pas à l’abri de régressions ou, pire, d’abrogations. Les multiples atteintes dont il a fait l’objet en Europe et outre-Atlantique sont une triste réalité. L’onde de choc provoquée par la décision historique de la Cour suprême américaine bouleverse nos convictions et brise le mouvement de progression du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps, que l’on croyait continu. Les paroles de Simone de Beauvoir à Claudine Monteil, diplomate et signataire du « manifeste des 343 », au lendemain de l’adoption de la loi Veil par l’Assemblée nationale, sont criantes de vérité : « Nous avons gagné, mais temporairement. Il suffira d’une crise politique, économique et religieuse, pour que les droits des femmes, nos droits, soient remis en question. Votre vie durant, vous devrez demeurer vigilante. » Cette vigilance est en réalité l’affaire de toutes et de tous. Il appartient aux députés de tous bords de l’exercer. Il nous faut nous interroger sur notre capacité à prévoir de tels revers en France et il est de notre devoir de protéger la liberté de recourir à l’IVG de toute crise politique, économique et religieuse. Rappelons que si nous débattons aujourd’hui, c’est parce que le droit à l’IVG ne bénéficie pas de la protection la plus forte qui soit. Si le Conseil constitutionnel, depuis 2011, a rattaché la liberté de recourir à l’IVG à la liberté de la femme, qui découle de l’article 2 de la DDHC, il ne lui a jamais été conféré de valeur constitutionnelle. Symbole, diront les uns, véritable protection, diront les autres. Il n’en demeure pas moins que la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG permettra de se prémunir contre toute velléité de remise en cause de cette liberté par la loi. Alors que 82 % des Français et des Françaises se déclarent favorables à cette constitutionnalisation, elle serait par ailleurs un signal fort et utile pour le reste du monde. À ce jour, en effet, aucune Constitution ne reconnaît ce droit de façon positive. Le 24 novembre 2022, notre assemblée adoptait, à une large majorité transpartisane, une proposition de loi constitutionnelle garantissant aux femmes l’effectivité et l’égalité de l’accès à l’IVG. Le 1er février 2023, le Sénat adoptait à son tour cette proposition de loi, dans une nouvelle rédaction. Le texte proposé aujourd’hui est le fruit d’un équilibre entre la position de l’Assemblée nationale et celle du Sénat, retenant les mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse », afin de ne laisser subsister aucune ambiguïté, consacrant l’existence d’une liberté et reconnaissant le rôle du Parlement dans l’établissement des conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce cette liberté garantie par la Constitution. Gouvernement, politiques, élus, citoyens, je crois qu’un même élan nous entraîne tous désormais. Si nous prenons acte de notre consensus en faveur de la révision de notre Constitution, cette révision ne doit pas pour autant se faire à la légère. Le groupe Démocrate salue, à ce titre, la décision du Président de la République de recourir à un projet de loi constitutionnelle et, de ce fait, à un vote des parlementaires réunis en Congrès.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 572,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p337",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N10eedc220c09",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Clin d’œil de l’histoire, demain, alors que notre commission débattra du présent projet de loi, il se sera écoulé quarante-neuf ans depuis la promulgation de la loi Veil, qui donna aux femmes la liberté de disposer de leur corps et de choisir d’être mères. Depuis, plusieurs lois ont élargi et amélioré le cadre de prise en charge de l’IVG Malheureusement, le droit à l’IVG, que nous pensons fondamental et inaliénable, n’est pas à l’abri de régressions ou, pire, d’abrogations. Les multiples atteintes dont il a fait l’objet en Europe et outre-Atlantique sont une triste réalité. L’onde de choc provoquée par la décision historique de la Cour suprême américaine bouleverse nos convictions et brise le mouvement de progression du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps, que l’on croyait continu. Les paroles de Simone de Beauvoir à Claudine Monteil, diplomate et signataire du « manifeste des 343 », au lendemain de l’adoption de la loi Veil par l’Assemblée nationale, sont criantes de vérité : « Nous avons gagné, mais temporairement. Il suffira d’une crise politique, économique et religieuse, pour que les droits des femmes, nos droits, soient remis en question. Votre vie durant, vous devrez demeurer vigilante. » Cette vigilance est en réalité l’affaire de toutes et de tous. Il appartient aux députés de tous bords de l’exercer. Il nous faut nous interroger sur notre capacité à prévoir de tels revers en France et il est de notre devoir de protéger la liberté de recourir à l’IVG de toute crise politique, économique et religieuse. Rappelons que si nous débattons aujourd’hui, c’est parce que le droit à l’IVG ne bénéficie pas de la protection la plus forte qui soit. Si le Conseil constitutionnel, depuis 2011, a rattaché la liberté de recourir à l’IVG à la liberté de la femme, qui découle de l’article 2 de la DDHC, il ne lui a jamais été conféré de valeur constitutionnelle. Symbole, diront les uns, véritable protection, diront les autres. Il n’en demeure pas moins que la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG permettra de se prémunir contre toute velléité de remise en cause de cette liberté par la loi. Alors que 82 % des Français et des Françaises se déclarent favorables à cette constitutionnalisation, elle serait par ailleurs un signal fort et utile pour le reste du monde. À ce jour, en effet, aucune Constitution ne reconnaît ce droit de façon positive. Le 24 novembre 2022, notre assemblée adoptait, à une large majorité transpartisane, une proposition de loi constitutionnelle garantissant aux femmes l’effectivité et l’égalité de l’accès à l’IVG. Le 1er février 2023, le Sénat adoptait à son tour cette proposition de loi, dans une nouvelle rédaction. Le texte proposé aujourd’hui est le fruit d’un équilibre entre la position de l’Assemblée nationale et celle du Sénat, retenant les mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse », afin de ne laisser subsister aucune ambiguïté, consacrant l’existence d’une liberté et reconnaissant le rôle du Parlement dans l’établissement des conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce cette liberté garantie par la Constitution. Gouvernement, politiques, élus, citoyens, je crois qu’un même élan nous entraîne tous désormais. Si nous prenons acte de notre consensus en faveur de la révision de notre Constitution, cette révision ne doit pas pour autant se faire à la légère. Le groupe Démocrate salue, à ce titre, la décision du Président de la République de recourir à un projet de loi constitutionnelle et, de ce fait, à un vote des parlementaires réunis en Congrès."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
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   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "357",
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    "359"
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   "order": 347,
   "text": "Quarante-neuf ans après l’adoption de la loi Veil, le présent texte constitutionnel, traitant d’un sujet de société qui interroge la conscience de chacun d’entre nous, est très attendu En 2018, déjà, nous avions présenté un amendement au projet de loi constitutionnelle pour une démocratie plus représentative, responsable et efficace, qui prévoyait la reconnaissance, dans le préambule de la Constitution de 1958, du droit d’accéder à une contraception adaptée et gratuite, ainsi que de recourir librement à l’IVG. En 2019, nous reprenions cet amendement sous la forme d’une proposition de loi constitutionnelle, qui n’obtint pas, alors, l’aval de la majorité. Le présent projet de loi constitutionnelle, qui inscrit l’IVG dans notre norme fondamentale, est un acte profondément politique, qui traduit en droit la volonté de la communauté nationale d’inscrire dans les règles qui régissent son fonctionnement la possibilité pour la femme de disposer librement de son corps. Nul doute que les propos que nous tenons aujourd’hui résonneront bien au-delà des murs de notre commission, pour des milliers de femmes à travers le monde. Le renversement de l’arrêt Roe vs Wade par la Cour suprême américaine, la mobilisation de toutes les associations féministes, le dépôt de six propositions de loi et l’adoption par les deux chambres d’une proposition visant à constitutionnaliser l’IVG ont poussé le Président de la République à s’engager en ce sens. Bien que la rédaction du présent projet de loi constitutionnelle ne soit pas parfaite, nous nous en satisfaisons, d’abord parce que ce texte répond à un besoin politique, en créant un bouclier contre toute régression de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. À ceux qui arguent qu’aucune menace imminente ne pèse sur le droit d’avorter en France, nous opposons les contre-exemples des sept États américains ayant interdit l’IVG même en cas de viol ou d’inceste, de la Pologne, où les IVG ne sont plus autorisées qu’en cas de viol ou de danger pour la vie de la mère, de la Hongrie, qui oblige désormais toute femme souhaitant avorter à écouter battre le cœur du fœtus. Que la France ne risque pas aujourd’hui de se trouver dans une telle situation ne saurait préjuger du maintien du statu quo, d’autant que les entraves à l’IVG prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses de la part des mouvements anti-choix, qui trompent les femmes peu ou mal informées afin de les inciter à poursuivre leur grossesse. Nous nous satisfaisons de cette rédaction, ensuite, car le texte répond à un besoin juridique, en garantissant une protection qui n’est aujourd’hui assurée ni par notre Constitution, ni par les normes européennes. La constitutionnalisation proposée créerait ainsi une base juridique robuste en droit interne, permettant la censure d’une loi régressive par le Conseil constitutionnel. Enfin, nous nous en satisfaisons, car il répond à un besoin exprimé par notre société, en garantissant aux femmes la libre disposition de leur corps, garantie nécessaire pour assurer une égalité réelle, pleine et entière entre les femmes et les hommes. La rédaction du projet de loi n’en demeure pas moins perfectible. Nous aurions préféré la consécration d’un véritable droit fondamental à l’IVG sans qu’il soit rattaché à la liberté personnelle. Nous n’aurions pas introduit l’IVG dans l’article 34 de la Constitution, mais plutôt dans son article 1er, écrin des droits. Nous aurions souhaité que le droit à la contraception figure également dans le projet. Nous savons cependant que les victoires féministes ont toujours été le fruit de compromis. Sans accommodements, Simone Veil ne serait pas parvenue à faire adopter la loi sur l’avortement ; cinquante ans plus tard, c’est toujours le cas. Nous tenons toutefois à insister sur deux points, et d’abord, sur la notion indispensable de garantie. De l’avis des constitutionnalistes que nous avons auditionnés, l’absence du mot « garantie » aurait pour conséquence de limiter la révision au rappel du droit existant, à savoir de la compétence du législateur pour définir le cadre applicable à l’IVG. Cette absence rendrait également la formulation imprécise et créerait une incertitude juridique s’agissant de l’intention initiale du législateur. Nous soulignons, en outre, que le terme « femme » ne doit pas être interprété comme excluant les personnes transgenres du champ d’application de la loi. Parce que nous savons que cette rédaction est le résultat d’un compromis avec le Sénat ; parce qu’il est important de faire sévèrement échec aux pro-vie et de faire progresser collectivement la protection de ce droit ; parce que des millions de femmes partout dans le monde nous attendent, nous avons choisi une position responsable, en acceptant le compromis et en ne déposant pas d’amendement.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
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   "words": 757,
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   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p347",
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   "annotation_id": "N5e97fab43cdb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Quarante-neuf ans après l’adoption de la loi Veil, le présent texte constitutionnel, traitant d’un sujet de société qui interroge la conscience de chacun d’entre nous, est très attendu En 2018, déjà, nous avions présenté un amendement au projet de loi constitutionnelle pour une démocratie plus représentative, responsable et efficace, qui prévoyait la reconnaissance, dans le préambule de la Constitution de 1958, du droit d’accéder à une contraception adaptée et gratuite, ainsi que de recourir librement à l’IVG. En 2019, nous reprenions cet amendement sous la forme d’une proposition de loi constitutionnelle, qui n’obtint pas, alors, l’aval de la majorité. Le présent projet de loi constitutionnelle, qui inscrit l’IVG dans notre norme fondamentale, est un acte profondément politique, qui traduit en droit la volonté de la communauté nationale d’inscrire dans les règles qui régissent son fonctionnement la possibilité pour la femme de disposer librement de son corps. Nul doute que les propos que nous tenons aujourd’hui résonneront bien au-delà des murs de notre commission, pour des milliers de femmes à travers le monde. Le renversement de l’arrêt Roe vs Wade par la Cour suprême américaine, la mobilisation de toutes les associations féministes, le dépôt de six propositions de loi et l’adoption par les deux chambres d’une proposition visant à constitutionnaliser l’IVG ont poussé le Président de la République à s’engager en ce sens. Bien que la rédaction du présent projet de loi constitutionnelle ne soit pas parfaite, nous nous en satisfaisons, d’abord parce que ce texte répond à un besoin politique, en créant un bouclier contre toute régression de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. À ceux qui arguent qu’aucune menace imminente ne pèse sur le droit d’avorter en France, nous opposons les contre-exemples des sept États américains ayant interdit l’IVG même en cas de viol ou d’inceste, de la Pologne, où les IVG ne sont plus autorisées qu’en cas de viol ou de danger pour la vie de la mère, de la Hongrie, qui oblige désormais toute femme souhaitant avorter à écouter battre le cœur du fœtus. Que la France ne risque pas aujourd’hui de se trouver dans une telle situation ne saurait préjuger du maintien du statu quo, d’autant que les entraves à l’IVG prennent des formes de plus en plus pernicieuses de la part des mouvements anti-choix, qui trompent les femmes peu ou mal informées afin de les inciter à poursuivre leur grossesse. Nous nous satisfaisons de cette rédaction, ensuite, car le texte répond à un besoin juridique, en garantissant une protection qui n’est aujourd’hui assurée ni par notre Constitution, ni par les normes européennes. La constitutionnalisation proposée créerait ainsi une base juridique robuste en droit interne, permettant la censure d’une loi régressive par le Conseil constitutionnel. Enfin, nous nous en satisfaisons, car il répond à un besoin exprimé par notre société, en garantissant aux femmes la libre disposition de leur corps, garantie nécessaire pour assurer une égalité réelle, pleine et entière entre les femmes et les hommes. La rédaction du projet de loi n’en demeure pas moins perfectible. Nous aurions préféré la consécration d’un véritable droit fondamental à l’IVG sans qu’il soit rattaché à la liberté personnelle. Nous n’aurions pas introduit l’IVG dans l’article 34 de la Constitution, mais plutôt dans son article 1er, écrin des droits. Nous aurions souhaité que le droit à la contraception figure également dans le projet. Nous savons cependant que les victoires féministes ont toujours été le fruit de compromis. Sans accommodements, Simone Veil ne serait pas parvenue à faire adopter la loi sur l’avortement ; cinquante ans plus tard, c’est toujours le cas. Nous tenons toutefois à insister sur deux points, et d’abord, sur la notion indispensable de garantie. De l’avis des constitutionnalistes que nous avons auditionnés, l’absence du mot « garantie » aurait pour conséquence de limiter la révision au rappel du droit existant, à savoir de la compétence du législateur pour définir le cadre applicable à l’IVG. Cette absence rendrait également la formulation imprécise et créerait une incertitude juridique s’agissant de l’intention initiale du législateur. Nous soulignons, en outre, que le terme « femme » ne doit pas être interprété comme excluant les personnes transgenres du champ d’application de la loi. Parce que nous savons que cette rédaction est le résultat d’un compromis avec le Sénat ; parce qu’il est important de faire sévèrement échec aux pro-vie et de faire progresser collectivement la protection de ce droit ; parce que des millions de femmes partout dans le monde nous attendent, nous avons choisi une position responsable, en acceptant le compromis et en ne déposant pas d’amendement."
  },
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   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA795026",
   "speaker": "Anne-Cécile Violland",
   "quality": "Mme Anne-Cécile Violland (HOR).",
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   ],
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   "text": "Le 24 juin 2022, outre-Atlantique, la Cour suprême des États-Unis rendait une décision relative à l’interruption de grossesse, qui propagea une onde de choc à travers le monde. En mettant un terme à la célèbre jurisprudence Roe vs Wade de 1973, la Cour suprême a démontré la fragilité des droits fondamentaux qui semblaient acquis dans nos sociétés modernes En Europe également, certains courants tentent d’entraver la liberté des femmes d’interrompre leur grossesse. La France, fort heureusement, est dans une situation très éloignée de celle des États-Unis. Le droit à l’IVG n’y fait plus l’objet d’aucune remise en cause par les partis politiques de tous bords, même si des mouvements concentrés et relativement minoritaires portent toujours une voix pro-vie. Notre réaction à l’évolution proposée de notre droit doit donc être mesurée. Néanmoins, face au retour en arrière que constitue la décision de la Cour suprême américaine, nous devons montrer l’exemple. Consacrer cette liberté au sommet de la hiérarchie des normes ferait de la France l’un des premiers pays au monde – et le premier en Europe – à protéger dans sa Constitution la santé physique et psychique des femmes contre les risques que présente un avortement dans la clandestinité. En héritiers de Simone Veil, nous nous prémunirions ainsi contre la possibilité d’un retour aux faiseuses d’anges, près de cinquante ans après la loi fondatrice du 17 janvier 1975, en empêchant la remise en cause par la loi de la liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG. C’est un message fort envoyé aux hommes et aux femmes du monde entier. La pertinence de l’inscription de cette liberté dans notre Constitution a été confirmée par l’avis rendu par le Conseil d’État le 7 décembre 2023. Celui-ci a noté que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ne fait aujourd’hui l’objet d’aucune consécration en tant que telle dans la Constitution française, dans la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales ou dans le droit de l’Union européenne. Elle n’est pas davantage consacrée par la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme ou de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, qui renvoient toutes deux à l’appréciation des États la recherche d’un équilibre entre le droit à la vie privée de la mère et la protection de l’enfant à naître. Dans sa décision du 27 juin 2001, le Conseil constitutionnel a fait le choix d’adosser la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG à celle de la liberté de la femme prévue par l’article 2 de la DDHC. Le groupe Horizons et apparentés est favorable au présent projet de loi constitutionnelle en ce qu’il insère à l’article 34 de la Constitution un alinéa précisant que « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » La rédaction choisie emporte notre approbation, car elle précise que c’est à la loi de garantir l’effectivité du droit à l’IVG et l’accès à celle-ci, en d’autres termes qu’il revient aux représentants de la nation de déterminer les conditions dans lesquelles ce droit s’exerce. Ainsi, la liberté de recourir à l’IVG sera protégée de façon pérenne, tout en continuant d’être encadrée par un processus démocratique. Par ailleurs, l’emploi d’une formule positive permet d’assurer la constitutionnalité d’un certain nombre de dispositifs importants de notre droit, notamment la clause de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes. Le groupe Horizons tient, enfin, à saluer le compromis entre les textes adoptés dans les deux chambres dont résulte la rédaction retenue. Résolument attaché à la liberté de choisir, notre groupe parlementaire sera toujours guidé par la volonté d’empêcher une quelconque remise en cause de l’équilibre défini par la loi Veil. Nous voterons donc en faveur de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, dans la rédaction proposée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 633,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p360",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N1469307219b5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le 24 juin 2022, outre-Atlantique, la Cour suprême des États-Unis rendait une décision relative à l’interruption de grossesse, qui propagea une onde de choc à travers le monde. En mettant un terme à la célèbre jurisprudence Roe vs Wade de 1973, la Cour suprême a démontré la fragilité des droits fondamentaux qui semblaient acquis dans nos sociétés modernes En Europe également, certains courants tentent d’entraver la liberté des femmes d’interrompre leur grossesse. La France, fort heureusement, est dans une situation très éloignée de celle des États-Unis. Le droit à l’IVG n’y fait plus l’objet d’aucune remise en cause par les partis politiques de tous bords, même si des mouvements concentrés et relativement minoritaires portent toujours une voix pro-vie. Notre réaction à l’évolution proposée de notre droit doit donc être mesurée. Néanmoins, face au retour en arrière que constitue la décision de la Cour suprême américaine, nous devons montrer l’exemple. Consacrer cette liberté au sommet de la hiérarchie des normes ferait de la France l’un des premiers pays au monde – et le premier en Europe – à protéger dans sa Constitution la santé physique et psychique des femmes contre les risques que présente un avortement dans la clandestinité. En héritiers de Simone Veil, nous nous prémunirions ainsi contre la possibilité d’un retour aux faiseuses d’anges, près de cinquante ans après la loi fondatrice du 17 janvier 1975, en empêchant la remise en cause par la loi de la liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG. C’est un message fort envoyé aux hommes et aux femmes du monde entier. La pertinence de l’inscription de cette liberté dans notre Constitution a été confirmée par l’avis rendu par le Conseil d’État le 7 décembre 2023. Celui-ci a noté que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ne fait aujourd’hui l’objet d’aucune consécration en tant que telle dans la Constitution française, dans la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales ou dans le droit de l’Union européenne. Elle n’est pas davantage consacrée par la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme ou de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, qui renvoient toutes deux à l’appréciation des États la recherche d’un équilibre entre le droit à la vie privée de la mère et la protection de l’enfant à naître. Dans sa décision du 27 juin 2001, le Conseil constitutionnel a fait le choix d’adosser la valeur constitutionnelle de la liberté de la femme d’avoir recours à l’IVG à celle de la liberté de la femme prévue par l’article 2 de la DDHC. Le groupe [GROUPE] est favorable au présent projet de loi constitutionnelle en ce qu’il insère à l’article 34 de la Constitution un alinéa précisant que « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » La rédaction choisie emporte notre approbation, car elle précise que c’est à la loi de garantir l’effectivité du droit à l’IVG et l’accès à celle-ci, en d’autres termes qu’il revient aux représentants de la nation de déterminer les conditions dans lesquelles ce droit s’exerce. Ainsi, la liberté de recourir à l’IVG sera protégée de façon pérenne, tout en continuant d’être encadrée par un processus démocratique. Par ailleurs, l’emploi d’une formule positive permet d’assurer la constitutionnalité d’un certain nombre de dispositifs importants de notre droit, notamment la clause de conscience des médecins et des sages-femmes. Le groupe Horizons tient, enfin, à saluer le compromis entre les textes adoptés dans les deux chambres dont résulte la rédaction retenue. Résolument attaché à la liberté de choisir, notre groupe parlementaire sera toujours guidé par la volonté d’empêcher une quelconque remise en cause de l’équilibre défini par la loi Veil. Nous voterons donc en faveur de ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, dans la rédaction proposée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "speaker_id": "PA794778",
   "speaker": "Sandra Regol",
   "quality": "Mme Sandra Regol (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
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   "order": 371,
   "text": "L’IVG est de ces conquêtes féministes qui ont donné aux femmes en France une liberté, un droit de disposer de leur corps, et par conséquent de leur vie. Ce n’est pas un combat récent : il a été mené par nos aînées, par ces féministes vilipendées pour avoir eu le verbe trop haut, par ces avorteuses, ces faiseuses d’anges, poursuivies par la justice et dont l’histoire, aujourd’hui, reconnaît l’apport comme la réalité des vies qu’elles ont sauvées. Ces femmes, ces féministes, étaient de tout bord mais partageaient un combat commun. Elles ont tracé le sillon qui nous a conduits au présent texte, lequel constitue une suite à leur travail, mais certainement pas son point final. Il n’est qu’une étape dans le long processus de notre « empouvoirement » En tout temps, nos droits peuvent être mis en danger. Ils le sont aujourd’hui, dès lors qu’ils ne sont pas institués. On pense naturellement aux États-Unis, à la Pologne, à tous ces pays où la bascule politique produit une fracture dans le socle de nos droits fondamentaux, dont les femmes sont toujours les premières victimes. C’est aussi une réalité française : il suffit de penser aux faux sites d’aide aux femmes, qui ont pour principal objectif d’inciter ces dernières à refuser de faire usage de leurs droits et de leur liberté de choix. Je pense également à la campagne des réseaux anti-IVG qui, pour nous menacer ou nous faire peur, ont envoyé par la poste à plusieurs d’entre nous des fœtus en plastique. Que d’argent mal dépensé ! Je pense, enfin et surtout, aux déserts médicaux qui rendent l’accès à l’IVG inégalitaire et plus encore à ces médecins, ces gynécologues qui persistent à culpabiliser les femmes, à tenter de les faire revenir sur leurs choix, et sur lesquels nous butons parfois parmi nos proches ou dans nos circonscriptions, dans nos familles ou dans nos assemblées parlementaires. Leurs victimes ont été et sont encore trop nombreuses. Ces menaces présentent un point commun, très politique : le choix que font les réactionnaires de toujours empêcher les femmes de disposer de leur corps ; de les tenir à distance et pour ainsi dire en laisse, afin qu’elles ne puissent décider de leur avenir, que nous ne puissions collectivement décider du nôtre. Certains, d’ailleurs, au sein de notre assemblée, en sont encore à légiférer sur le ventre des femmes, pour nous obliger à produire selon certains quotas. Ce sont les mêmes qui opposent les droits des femmes à ceux d’un fœtus et qui refusent de construire l’histoire de demain, celle des femmes et de la France. Constitutionnaliser, ce n’est pas banaliser, mais bien sanctuariser un droit, celui des femmes. Ce n’est pas démultiplier les recours à l’IVG, ce n’est pas nier le choix de celles qui ne veulent pas y recourir. C’est s’assurer que, quoi qu’il arrive, l’histoire ne se déroule pas à rebours et que nos droits ne régressent pas. C’est aussi inscrire la France dans l’histoire, celle du premier pays à agir en faveur d’une constitutionnalisation partielle de ce droit. Certes, nous aurions préféré la formulation travaillée par notre collègue Mathilde Panot, qui permettait de garantir l’accès à l’IVG et incluait dans sa version première le droit à la contraception. Nous aurions également pu envisager de constitutionnaliser le délai de recours à l’IVG et de le fixer ainsi à quatorze semaines. Nous défendrons des amendements qui nous permettront d’évoquer les raisons pour lesquelles nous ne le faisons pas et persistons ainsi à nous autolimiter. Un seul objectif prime cependant sur tout autre : parvenir à avancer, à construire notre histoire, à constitutionnaliser, fût-ce à l’article 34, fût-ce dans une version revue à la baisse, ce droit fondamental, en France, de toutes les femmes, françaises ou non.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 622,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p371",
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   "annotation_id": "N2223c0efe0ac",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALMQSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’IVG est de ces conquêtes féministes qui ont donné aux femmes en France une liberté, un droit de disposer de leur corps, et par conséquent de leur vie. Ce n’est pas un combat récent : il a été mené par nos aînées, par ces féministes vilipendées pour avoir eu le verbe trop haut, par ces avorteuses, ces faiseuses d’anges, poursuivies par la justice et dont l’histoire, aujourd’hui, reconnaît l’apport comme la réalité des vies qu’elles ont sauvées. Ces femmes, ces féministes, étaient de tout bord mais partageaient un combat commun. Elles ont tracé le sillon qui nous a conduits au présent texte, lequel constitue une suite à leur travail, mais certainement pas son point final. Il n’est qu’une étape dans le long processus de notre « empouvoirement » En tout temps, nos droits peuvent être mis en danger. Ils le sont aujourd’hui, dès lors qu’ils ne sont pas institués. On pense naturellement aux États-Unis, à la Pologne, à tous ces pays où la bascule politique produit une fracture dans le socle de nos droits fondamentaux, dont les femmes sont toujours les premières victimes. C’est aussi une réalité française : il suffit de penser aux faux sites d’aide aux femmes, qui ont pour principal objectif d’inciter ces dernières à refuser de faire usage de leurs droits et de leur liberté de choix. Je pense également à la campagne des réseaux anti-IVG qui, pour nous menacer ou nous faire peur, ont envoyé par la poste à plusieurs d’entre nous des fœtus en plastique. Que d’argent mal dépensé ! Je pense, enfin et surtout, aux déserts médicaux qui rendent l’accès à l’IVG inégalitaire et plus encore à ces médecins, ces gynécologues qui persistent à culpabiliser les femmes, à tenter de les faire revenir sur leurs choix, et sur lesquels nous butons parfois parmi nos proches ou dans nos circonscriptions, dans nos familles ou dans nos assemblées parlementaires. Leurs victimes ont été et sont encore trop nombreuses. Ces menaces présentent un point commun, très politique : le choix que font les réactionnaires de toujours empêcher les femmes de disposer de leur corps ; de les tenir à distance et pour ainsi dire en laisse, afin qu’elles ne puissent décider de leur avenir, que nous ne puissions collectivement décider du nôtre. Certains, d’ailleurs, au sein de notre assemblée, en sont encore à légiférer sur le ventre des femmes, pour nous obliger à produire selon certains quotas. Ce sont les mêmes qui opposent les droits des femmes à ceux d’un fœtus et qui refusent de construire l’histoire de demain, celle des femmes et de la France. Constitutionnaliser, ce n’est pas banaliser, mais bien sanctuariser un droit, celui des femmes. Ce n’est pas démultiplier les recours à l’IVG, ce n’est pas nier le choix de celles qui ne veulent pas y recourir. C’est s’assurer que, quoi qu’il arrive, l’histoire ne se déroule pas à rebours et que nos droits ne régressent pas. C’est aussi inscrire la France dans l’histoire, celle du premier pays à agir en faveur d’une constitutionnalisation partielle de ce droit. Certes, nous aurions préféré la formulation travaillée par notre collègue [PERSONNE], qui permettait de garantir l’accès à l’IVG et incluait dans sa version première le droit à la contraception. Nous aurions également pu envisager de constitutionnaliser le délai de recours à l’IVG et de le fixer ainsi à quatorze semaines. Nous défendrons des amendements qui nous permettront d’évoquer les raisons pour lesquelles nous ne le faisons pas et persistons ainsi à nous autolimiter. Un seul objectif prime cependant sur tout autre : parvenir à avancer, à construire notre histoire, à constitutionnaliser, fût-ce à l’article 34, fût-ce dans une version revue à la baisse, ce droit fondamental, en France, de toutes les femmes, françaises ou non."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
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   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon (GDR-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p379",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "380",
    "381",
    "382",
    "383",
    "384",
    "385"
   ],
   "order": 379,
   "text": "Le groupe GDR, comme de nombreux membres de cette commission, n’estime pas que la loi en discussion est vaine ou relève uniquement de la cosmétique ou du symbole. À notre sens, elle est profondément utile sur les plans social, médical, politique et culturel, d’autant plus que nous assistons à la montée en puissance de nouveaux fascismes en Europe et ailleurs dans le monde. Il faut le rappeler, 47 000 femmes dans le monde meurent chaque année d’un avortement clandestin, soit une femme toutes les neuf minutes Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est attendu de très longue date. Il faut, à cet égard, noter à quel point les luttes pour les droits des femmes sont longues et combien il faut, pour qu’elles aboutissent, toujours accepter des compromis. C’est la marque des grandes conquêtes féministes. Je tiens ici à rendre hommage à toutes celles qui se sont battues pour les mener à leur terme et à toutes celles qui persisteront à le faire en faveur de nouvelles victoires. De très nombreuses associations continuent d’œuvrer pour le droit à l’avortement et pour son effectivité réelle en France. Je pense aussi à toutes celles et à tous ceux qui ont souhaité, au Parlement, se saisir de cette question et s’assurer de la protection absolue du droit à l’IVG, notamment depuis l’annulation de l’arrêt Roe vs Wade par la Cour suprême américaine, dont la résonance a été internationale. Je remarque d’ailleurs que le combat pour le droit à l’IVG a dans le monde un écho d’une ampleur telle qu’il semble dépasser celui de toute autre lutte. Dans certains pays – au Kenya, au Nigeria, en Éthiopie ou en Inde –, des mouvements anti-avortement ont saisi l’occasion que leur fournissait la décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis pour arrêter des processus législatifs progressistes favorables aux droits sexuels et reproductifs. La constitutionnalisation de l’IVG en France, importante pour la défense des droits des femmes dans notre pays, aurait donc également une résonance ailleurs dans le monde. Je ne le néglige pas et j’en serais même fière. Le séisme outre-Atlantique a rouvert en France le débat sur la constitutionnalisation en question. Suivant un sondage pour la Fondation des femmes et le Planning familial réalisé en février 2021, 93 % des Français se disent attachés au droit à l’avortement. Les associations pro-vie n’en demeurent pas moins vigoureuses et abreuvées de financements aussi opaques que nombreux. Ces associations financent des campagnes régulières à l’effet considérable, qui passent par des manifestations anti-IVG, par la diffusion de fausses informations auprès des femmes sur internet, ou encore par la mobilisation d’élus réactionnaires. Les pro-vie redoublent ainsi de créativité dans le but d’empêcher les femmes d’avorter. Je réponds ainsi à ceux qui estiment que le droit à l’avortement en France ne court aucun danger. Je pense que ce danger existe mais, même s’il n’existait pas, il n’en serait pas moins nécessaire de le protéger absolument. Je terminerai en indiquant que la formulation proposée ne nous convient pas. Elle est perfectible. Nous défendrons donc des amendements, car nous estimons qu’il est utile de continuer à en débattre. Néanmoins, nous voterons évidemment en faveur de la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 524,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p379",
   "case": "ivg",
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   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE], comme de nombreux membres de cette commission, n’estime pas que la loi en discussion est vaine ou relève uniquement de la cosmétique ou du symbole. À notre sens, elle est profondément utile sur les plans social, médical, politique et culturel, d’autant plus que nous assistons à la montée en puissance de nouveaux fascismes en Europe et ailleurs dans le monde. Il faut le rappeler, 47 000 femmes dans le monde meurent chaque année d’un avortement clandestin, soit une femme toutes les neuf minutes Ce projet de loi constitutionnelle est attendu de très longue date. Il faut, à cet égard, noter à quel point les luttes pour les droits des femmes sont longues et combien il faut, pour qu’elles aboutissent, toujours accepter des compromis. C’est la marque des grandes conquêtes féministes. Je tiens ici à rendre hommage à toutes celles qui se sont battues pour les mener à leur terme et à toutes celles qui persisteront à le faire en faveur de nouvelles victoires. De très nombreuses associations continuent d’œuvrer pour le droit à l’avortement et pour son effectivité réelle en France. Je pense aussi à toutes celles et à tous ceux qui ont souhaité, au Parlement, se saisir de cette question et s’assurer de la protection absolue du droit à l’IVG, notamment depuis l’annulation de l’arrêt Roe vs Wade par la Cour suprême américaine, dont la résonance a été internationale. Je remarque d’ailleurs que le combat pour le droit à l’IVG a dans le monde un écho d’une ampleur telle qu’il semble dépasser celui de toute autre lutte. Dans certains pays – au Kenya, au Nigeria, en Éthiopie ou en Inde –, des mouvements anti-avortement ont saisi l’occasion que leur fournissait la décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis pour arrêter des processus législatifs progressistes favorables aux droits sexuels et reproductifs. La constitutionnalisation de l’IVG en France, importante pour la défense des droits des femmes dans notre pays, aurait donc également une résonance ailleurs dans le monde. Je ne le néglige pas et j’en serais même fière. Le séisme outre-Atlantique a rouvert en France le débat sur la constitutionnalisation en question. Suivant un sondage pour la Fondation des femmes et le Planning familial réalisé en février 2021, 93 % des Français se disent attachés au droit à l’avortement. Les associations pro-vie n’en demeurent pas moins vigoureuses et abreuvées de financements aussi opaques que nombreux. Ces associations financent des campagnes régulières à l’effet considérable, qui passent par des manifestations anti-IVG, par la diffusion de fausses informations auprès des femmes sur internet, ou encore par la mobilisation d’élus réactionnaires. Les pro-vie redoublent ainsi de créativité dans le but d’empêcher les femmes d’avorter. Je réponds ainsi à ceux qui estiment que le droit à l’avortement en France ne court aucun danger. Je pense que ce danger existe mais, même s’il n’existait pas, il n’en serait pas moins nécessaire de le protéger absolument. Je terminerai en indiquant que la formulation proposée ne nous convient pas. Elle est perfectible. Nous défendrons donc des amendements, car nous estimons qu’il est utile de continuer à en débattre. Néanmoins, nous voterons évidemment en faveur de la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
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   "speaker_id": "PA719146",
   "speaker": "Jean-Félix Acquaviva",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "386",
    "387",
    "388",
    "389",
    "390",
    "391"
   ],
   "order": 386,
   "text": "Il est important d’être constant et de rester fidèle à ses convictions. Plus d’un an après le vote de la dernière proposition de loi sur ce thème, la position de la très grande majorité de notre groupe n’a pas changé. Nous restons favorables plus que jamais à l’inscription dans notre Constitution du droit à l’IVG pour toutes les femmes Ce projet de loi a de réelles chances d’aboutir. Une fenêtre de tir assez inespérée s’ouvre devant nous et nous ne pouvons pas la manquer. Les avancées consacrées par la loi Veil il y a quarante-neuf ans sont désormais soutenues par une immense majorité de nos concitoyens. Il est temps d’aller plus loin. Je commencerai par répondre à ceux de nos collègues qui considèrent que le droit actuel est suffisamment protecteur. L’optimisme est certes une qualité, mais il ne doit pas conduire à l’aveuglement. Si la loi Veil est une grande loi, elle n’en reste pas moins une loi ordinaire, susceptible de se trouver limitée par une autre loi ordinaire. À ceux qui affirment qu’il n’existe pas de risque politique réel et imminent, je répondrai que l’improbable n’est pas impossible. S’il existe dès à présent une majorité pour voter ce texte, cela doit nous conduire à renforcer la protection du droit à l’IVG, et non à l’inaction. Nous pourrions reprocher une prudence excessive à la rédaction proposée par le garde des sceaux. L’article unique reste, selon nous, un peu timide par comparaison avec la rédaction adoptée par notre assemblée en novembre 2022. Le projet retient le terme de « liberté » et non celui de « droit ». Ce choix n’est pas anodin. Bien que le Conseil d’État considère que les deux termes sont interchangeables, il s’agit tout de même de notre Constitution et le choix des mots, le signal envoyé aux femmes sont importants. Un droit est une garantie réelle offerte à une personne qui en a besoin, et l’emploi de ce terme nous paraîtrait à cet égard plus approprié. Nous estimons surtout qu’il faudrait aller plus loin et retenir la rédaction adoptée par notre assemblée. Pourquoi ne pas garantir dans la Constitution un droit effectif, dont l’égal accès serait assuré à tous ? Il existe encore de nombreux clivages, en particulier des fractures territoriales, dans l’accès à l’IVG. Ce texte ne doit pas se limiter aux symboles ; il doit ouvrir également la voie à des avancées concrètes pour que toutes les femmes se trouvant sur notre territoire puissent avoir accès à l’IVG dans les mêmes conditions. Nous pensons que notre commission gagnerait à se montrer plus ambitieuse. On ne modifie pas la Constitution tous les jours, et nous devons être à la hauteur des attentes des citoyens et des citoyennes. Néanmoins, nous nous associons à l’élan de responsabilité qui anime la plupart des groupes ici présents, en insistant sur la nécessité de renforcer la protection du droit à l’IVG par l’inscription de cette dernière dans la Constitution.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 489,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p386",
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   "annotation_id": "N4de97bf6b143",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est important d’être constant et de rester fidèle à ses convictions. Plus d’un an après le vote de la dernière proposition de loi sur ce thème, la position de la très grande majorité de notre groupe n’a pas changé. Nous restons favorables plus que jamais à l’inscription dans notre Constitution du droit à l’IVG pour toutes les femmes Ce projet de loi a de réelles chances d’aboutir. Une fenêtre de tir assez inespérée s’ouvre devant nous et nous ne pouvons pas la manquer. Les avancées consacrées par la loi Veil il y a quarante-neuf ans sont désormais soutenues par une immense majorité de nos concitoyens. Il est temps d’aller plus loin. Je commencerai par répondre à ceux de nos collègues qui considèrent que le droit actuel est suffisamment protecteur. L’optimisme est certes une qualité, mais il ne doit pas conduire à l’aveuglement. Si la loi Veil est une grande loi, elle n’en reste pas moins une loi ordinaire, susceptible de se trouver limitée par une autre loi ordinaire. À ceux qui affirment qu’il n’existe pas de risque politique réel et imminent, je répondrai que l’improbable n’est pas impossible. S’il existe dès à présent une majorité pour voter ce texte, cela doit nous conduire à renforcer la protection du droit à l’IVG, et non à l’inaction. Nous pourrions reprocher une prudence excessive à la rédaction proposée par le garde des sceaux. L’article unique reste, selon nous, un peu timide par comparaison avec la rédaction adoptée par notre assemblée en novembre 2022. Le projet retient le terme de « liberté » et non celui de « droit ». Ce choix n’est pas anodin. Bien que le Conseil d’État considère que les deux termes sont interchangeables, il s’agit tout de même de notre Constitution et le choix des mots, le signal envoyé aux femmes sont importants. Un droit est une garantie réelle offerte à une personne qui en a besoin, et l’emploi de ce terme nous paraîtrait à cet égard plus approprié. Nous estimons surtout qu’il faudrait aller plus loin et retenir la rédaction adoptée par notre assemblée. Pourquoi ne pas garantir dans la Constitution un droit effectif, dont l’égal accès serait assuré à tous ? Il existe encore de nombreux clivages, en particulier des fractures territoriales, dans l’accès à l’IVG. Ce texte ne doit pas se limiter aux symboles ; il doit ouvrir également la voie à des avancées concrètes pour que toutes les femmes se trouvant sur notre territoire puissent avoir accès à l’IVG dans les mêmes conditions. Nous pensons que notre commission gagnerait à se montrer plus ambitieuse. On ne modifie pas la Constitution tous les jours, et nous devons être à la hauteur des attentes des citoyens et des citoyennes. Néanmoins, nous nous associons à l’élan de responsabilité qui anime la plupart des groupes ici présents, en insistant sur la nécessité de renforcer la protection du droit à l’IVG par l’inscription de cette dernière dans la Constitution."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
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   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "M. Éric Dupond-Moretti, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p392",
   "paragraph_ids": [
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    "393",
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    "395",
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    "398",
    "399"
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   "order": 392,
   "text": "Je veux d’abord remercier Mme Violland d’avoir rappelé les termes employés par le Conseil d’État. Il nous indique que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG n’est garantie ni par la Constitution, ni par le Conseil constitutionnel, ni par la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, ni par la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. Elle n’est garantie par rien. Cela seul justifie que nous inscrivions la liberté de recourir à l’IVG et sa garantie dans la Constitution Madame Bordes, s’agissant du caractère symbolique de l’inscription dont nous discutons, dois-je vous rappeler que c’est dans la Constitution que la couleur du drapeau, la langue française, notre devise sont inscrites ? La Constitution a donc aussi une portée symbolique, très importante dans la période que nous traversons. Il est crucial d’affirmer, dans le texte au sommet de la hiérarchie des normes, la liberté des femmes de disposer de leur corps. Je suis toujours heureux, fier et ému quand l’universalisme de la France des Lumières éclaire le monde entier, surtout quand cela procède d’un travail transpartisan. À ce propos, je vous remercie, madame Panot, d’avoir indiqué que vous voteriez en faveur du texte bien que vous n’aimiez pas sa formulation. Vous avez raison de le faire compte tenu de la méthode employée par le Président de la République, qui a d’abord consisté à suivre avec intérêt et bienveillance les initiatives parlementaires. Ces dernières ont abouti. J’ai moi-même soutenu le texte que vous avez présenté, et Aurore Bergé a retiré le sien. Au Sénat, votre texte s’est trouvé face à celui de Mme Vogel, et il n’y a eu qu’une discussion. Les rédactions adoptées par les deux assemblées ont beaucoup en commun, mais présentent aussi quelques divergences sémantiques avec lesquelles je suis obligé de composer. L’antériorité de ce travail parlementaire a donc eu ceci de positif qu’elle a permis au Gouvernement de présenter un texte susceptible d’être adopté par les deux assemblées. Je rappelle qu’en vue du Congrès, le texte définitif doit être adopté par ces dernières en des termes identiques. Il est normal que l’Assemblée ne soit pas tout à fait satisfaite du texte proposé par le Sénat, de même que le Sénat n’était pas pleinement satisfait de celui que proposait l’Assemblée. Néanmoins, la rédaction à laquelle nous sommes parvenus est extrêmement équilibrée. C’est maintenant ou jamais : soit nous jouons le jeu transpartisan et menons à son terme l’œuvre collective qui a commencé et qui se terminera au Parlement ; soit nous la faisons capoter pour un mot, pour une virgule. Je vous invite à lire l’avis limpide du Conseil d’État, en particulier sur la question de l’équilibre, madame Bonnivard. Il consacre un paragraphe à démontrer que les grands équilibres ne seront en rien modifiés par le projet. À cet égard, les choses me paraissent tout à fait claires. Le sujet fait l’objet d’un consensus transpartisan et le projet permet de trouver un point d’équilibre. En avant toute ! C’est très important. On nous dit qu’il ne faut pas exagérer les risques, que le droit à l’IVG ne sera jamais remis en question et que l’Atlantique nous sépare des États-Unis. Ce droit y était reconnu depuis cinquante ans, mais c’est pourtant désormais fini. Je pourrais aussi parler de la Hongrie et de la Pologne. Des gens continuent d’envoyer des fœtus en plastique aux députés. Il y a dans notre pays des forces qui n’ont aucune envie de garantir le droit à l’avortement et de protéger cette liberté pour les femmes. Je le dis sans viser quiconque. Ces personnes se trouvent essentiellement à l’extrême droite. C’est une réalité qui a été soulignée par Sarah Tanzilli. Nous avons un grand texte de liberté. Ce n’est pas tous les jours que l’on peut tous ensemble discuter d’un tel projet et le voter. Alors soit on choisit de chipoter – mais ce n’est pas ce que j’ai entendu aujourd’hui –, soit on adopte ce texte pour faire figurer ce droit dans notre Constitution. Comme l’a relevé Mme Faucillon, le Conseil d’État a cru utile de rappeler que cela serait la première fois qu’un pays inscrit cette liberté dans sa Constitution. Si j’étais familier, je dirais que ça a de la gueule ; comme je le suis moins, je dis que cela a quand même beaucoup d’allure.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 716,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p392",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N8c8f5b332a5b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je veux d’abord remercier Mme Violland d’avoir rappelé les termes employés par le Conseil d’État. Il nous indique que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG n’est garantie ni par la Constitution, ni par le Conseil constitutionnel, ni par la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, ni par la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne. Elle n’est garantie par rien. Cela seul justifie que nous inscrivions la liberté de recourir à l’IVG et sa garantie dans la Constitution Madame Bordes, s’agissant du caractère symbolique de l’inscription dont nous discutons, dois-je vous rappeler que c’est dans la Constitution que la couleur du drapeau, la langue française, notre devise sont inscrites ? La Constitution a donc aussi une portée symbolique, très importante dans la période que nous traversons. Il est crucial d’affirmer, dans le texte au sommet de la hiérarchie des normes, la liberté des femmes de disposer de leur corps. Je suis toujours heureux, fier et ému quand l’universalisme de la France des Lumières éclaire le monde entier, surtout quand cela procède d’un travail transpartisan. À ce propos, je vous remercie, madame Panot, d’avoir indiqué que vous voteriez en faveur du texte bien que vous n’aimiez pas sa formulation. Vous avez raison de le faire compte tenu de la méthode employée par le Président de la République, qui a d’abord consisté à suivre avec intérêt et bienveillance les initiatives parlementaires. Ces dernières ont abouti. J’ai moi-même soutenu le texte que vous avez présenté, et [PERSONNE] a retiré le sien. Au Sénat, votre texte s’est trouvé face à celui de Mme Vogel, et il n’y a eu qu’une discussion. Les rédactions adoptées par les deux assemblées ont beaucoup en commun, mais présentent aussi quelques divergences sémantiques avec lesquelles je suis obligé de composer. L’antériorité de ce travail parlementaire a donc eu ceci de positif qu’elle a permis au Gouvernement de présenter un texte susceptible d’être adopté par les deux assemblées. Je rappelle qu’en vue du Congrès, le texte définitif doit être adopté par ces dernières en des termes identiques. Il est normal que l’Assemblée ne soit pas tout à fait satisfaite du texte proposé par le Sénat, de même que le Sénat n’était pas pleinement satisfait de celui que proposait l’Assemblée. Néanmoins, la rédaction à laquelle nous sommes parvenus est extrêmement équilibrée. C’est maintenant ou jamais : soit nous jouons le jeu transpartisan et menons à son terme l’œuvre collective qui a commencé et qui se terminera au Parlement ; soit nous la faisons capoter pour un mot, pour une virgule. Je vous invite à lire l’avis limpide du Conseil d’État, en particulier sur la question de l’équilibre, madame Bonnivard. Il consacre un paragraphe à démontrer que les grands équilibres ne seront en rien modifiés par le projet. À cet égard, les choses me paraissent tout à fait claires. Le sujet fait l’objet d’un consensus transpartisan et le projet permet de trouver un point d’équilibre. En avant toute ! C’est très important. On nous dit qu’il ne faut pas exagérer les risques, que le droit à l’IVG ne sera jamais remis en question et que l’Atlantique nous sépare des États-Unis. Ce droit y était reconnu depuis cinquante ans, mais c’est pourtant désormais fini. Je pourrais aussi parler de la Hongrie et de la Pologne. Des gens continuent d’envoyer des fœtus en plastique aux députés. Il y a dans notre pays des forces qui n’ont aucune envie de garantir le droit à l’avortement et de protéger cette liberté pour les femmes. Je le dis sans viser quiconque. Ces personnes se trouvent essentiellement à l’extrême droite. C’est une réalité qui a été soulignée par [PERSONNE]. Nous avons un grand texte de liberté. Ce n’est pas tous les jours que l’on peut tous ensemble discuter d’un tel projet et le voter. Alors soit on choisit de chipoter – mais ce n’est pas ce que j’ai entendu aujourd’hui –, soit on adopte ce texte pour faire figurer ce droit dans notre Constitution. Comme l’a relevé Mme Faucillon, le Conseil d’État a cru utile de rappeler que cela serait la première fois qu’un pays inscrit cette liberté dans sa Constitution. Si j’étais familier, je dirais que ça a de la gueule ; comme je le suis moins, je dis que cela a quand même beaucoup d’allure."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p400",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "400",
    "401",
    "402",
    "403",
    "404",
    "405",
    "406"
   ],
   "order": 400,
   "text": "Je reprends l’invitation de Sarah Tanzilli : l’humilité doit guider nos travaux à venir. Je remercie les collègues qui avaient déposé d’autres propositions de rédaction d’avoir fait preuve de retenue, en accordant la priorité à un accord avec le Sénat et en prenant en considération la qualité des apports proposés par nos collègues sénateurs. Cela nous permettra, j’en suis sûr, d’aboutir à la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG Notre désaccord est en effet certain, madame Bordes. Vous estimez que le texte n’est pas utile et que le droit à l’IVG ne subit pas d’attaques. Nous considérons qu’il fait bien l’objet d’attaques – et pas seulement en Europe ou ailleurs dans le monde, mais aussi en France. Cela justifie que l’on place au niveau constitutionnel la protection du droit à l’IVG, ce qui recueille un accord de l’Assemblée et du Sénat et un fort soutien de nos concitoyennes et concitoyens. Il faut le faire le plus rapidement possible – ce qui ne signifie pas fixer une date à respecter. Si nous y arrivons en mars, cela sera très bien ; si c’est en avril, cela sera très bien aussi. L’objectif est d’aboutir, en respectant le travail réalisé par les deux chambres. Par ailleurs, madame Bordes, à travers cette constitutionnalisation, nous allons reconnaître une liberté publique fondamentale. Le droit à l’avortement a été conçu en 1975 comme une dérogation au droit pénal qui considérait l’IVG comme un délit, et donc comme une tolérance. Ce que nous proposons, c’est de consacrer la liberté publique fondamentale, celle de disposer de son corps. C’est un message majeur en matière d’égalité des droits à destination des générations présentes et à venir, mais aussi du monde entier. D’un point de vue technique, vous avez estimé que cette constitutionnalisation entraînerait une refonte importante du code de la santé publique. Je vous invite à lire l’alinéa 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, où ce dernier indique que le projet n’implique aucune modification des dispositions législatives existantes. Il ne serait donc pas nécessaire de modifier le code de la santé publique. Je rebondis sur l’intervention de notre collègue Émilie Bonnivard pour souligner que la discussion des amendements permettra de s’interroger sur la protection accordée au droit à l’avortement par la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel. Nous estimons que cette dernière ne va pas assez loin, car le Conseil n’a jamais reconnu l’avortement comme une liberté. Il existe donc une incertitude dans le cas où le Conseil serait amené à se prononcer sur un texte qui reviendrait en arrière. C’est la raison pour laquelle il convient d’apporter une réponse au niveau constitutionnel, en retenant une rédaction sans aucune ambiguïté. Marie-Noëlle Battistel a insisté, à juste titre, sur l’importance du mot « garantie ». Nous avions été un certain nombre à considérer que nous pourrions finalement reprendre le texte du Sénat sans modification. Les travaux menés par le Gouvernement, l’avis du Conseil d’État et les auditions ont montré toute l’importance de l’emploi de ce mot. Nous ne pouvons pas revenir en arrière et le supprimer laisserait entendre que nous ne souhaiterions pas garantir cette liberté, or c’est notre objectif. Enfin, madame Regol, constitutionnaliser ne veut en effet pas dire banaliser, mais bien sanctuariser. C’est ce but qui doit guider nos travaux.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 541,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p400",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nad2c82327c91",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je reprends l’invitation de [PERSONNE] : l’humilité doit guider nos travaux à venir. Je remercie les collègues qui avaient déposé d’autres propositions de rédaction d’avoir fait preuve de retenue, en accordant la priorité à un accord avec le Sénat et en prenant en considération la qualité des apports proposés par nos collègues sénateurs. Cela nous permettra, j’en suis sûr, d’aboutir à la constitutionnalisation de la liberté de recourir à l’IVG Notre désaccord est en effet certain, madame Bordes. Vous estimez que le texte n’est pas utile et que le droit à l’IVG ne subit pas d’attaques. Nous considérons qu’il fait bien l’objet d’attaques – et pas seulement en Europe ou ailleurs dans le monde, mais aussi en France. Cela justifie que l’on place au niveau constitutionnel la protection du droit à l’IVG, ce qui recueille un accord de l’Assemblée et du Sénat et un fort soutien de nos concitoyennes et concitoyens. Il faut le faire le plus rapidement possible – ce qui ne signifie pas fixer une date à respecter. Si nous y arrivons en mars, cela sera très bien ; si c’est en avril, cela sera très bien aussi. L’objectif est d’aboutir, en respectant le travail réalisé par les deux chambres. Par ailleurs, madame Bordes, à travers cette constitutionnalisation, nous allons reconnaître une liberté publique fondamentale. Le droit à l’avortement a été conçu en 1975 comme une dérogation au droit pénal qui considérait l’IVG comme un délit, et donc comme une tolérance. Ce que nous proposons, c’est de consacrer la liberté publique fondamentale, celle de disposer de son corps. C’est un message majeur en matière d’égalité des droits à destination des générations présentes et à venir, mais aussi du monde entier. D’un point de vue technique, vous avez estimé que cette constitutionnalisation entraînerait une refonte importante du code de la santé publique. Je vous invite à lire l’alinéa 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, où ce dernier indique que le projet n’implique aucune modification des dispositions législatives existantes. Il ne serait donc pas nécessaire de modifier le code de la santé publique. Je rebondis sur l’intervention de notre collègue [PERSONNE] pour souligner que la discussion des amendements permettra de s’interroger sur la protection accordée au droit à l’avortement par la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel. Nous estimons que cette dernière ne va pas assez loin, car le Conseil n’a jamais reconnu l’avortement comme une liberté. Il existe donc une incertitude dans le cas où le Conseil serait amené à se prononcer sur un texte qui reviendrait en arrière. C’est la raison pour laquelle il convient d’apporter une réponse au niveau constitutionnel, en retenant une rédaction sans aucune ambiguïté. [PERSONNE] a insisté, à juste titre, sur l’importance du mot « garantie ». Nous avions été un certain nombre à considérer que nous pourrions finalement reprendre le texte du Sénat sans modification. Les travaux menés par le Gouvernement, l’avis du Conseil d’État et les auditions ont montré toute l’importance de l’emploi de ce mot. Nous ne pouvons pas revenir en arrière et le supprimer laisserait entendre que nous ne souhaiterions pas garantir cette liberté, or c’est notre objectif. Enfin, madame Regol, constitutionnaliser ne veut en effet pas dire banaliser, mais bien sanctuariser. C’est ce but qui doit guider nos travaux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA796132",
   "speaker": "Raquel Garrido",
   "quality": "Mme Raquel Garrido (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p408",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "408",
    "409",
    "410",
    "411"
   ],
   "order": 408,
   "text": "Le moment est solennel, car il est rare dans la vie d’un député d’exercer le pouvoir constituant. La démarche est toute autre que celle que nous avons habituellement. Il ne s’agit plus de faire vivre les grandes oppositions qui traversent la société mais, au contraire, comme il s’agit de la norme suprême, d’énoncer clairement la perception de la très grande majorité des Français des droits et libertés Je voudrais répondre à l’un des arguments de ceux qui contestent l’utilité de constitutionnaliser la liberté de recourir à l’IVG – comme François-Xavier Bellamy, tête de la liste LR pour les élections européennes. J’ai également entendu la position du RN lors de cette réunion. Selon eux, le texte ne sert à rien parce que tout le monde est d’accord sur le droit de recourir à l’IVG et qu’il n’existe pas de risque de remise en question de ce dernier. Si tout le monde est d’accord, pourquoi ce droit ne figure-t-il pas déjà dans la Constitution ? En exerçant le pouvoir constituant, la question que nous devons nous poser est de savoir pourquoi une telle béance existe s’agissant d’un droit absolument fondamental pour les femmes. Sans lui, il ne peut pas y avoir d’égalité de droits entre les femmes et les hommes. Lorsque le Conseil constitutionnel a reconnu que le droit de recourir à l’IVG était conforme à la Constitution, il s’est appuyé sur le troisième alinéa du Préambule de la Constitution de 1946, qui garantit à la femme des droits égaux à ceux de l’homme. Pour atteindre l’égalité, il faut pouvoir maîtriser la procréation. Je considère qu’il faut discuter de l’emplacement à retenir pour ce droit dans la Constitution, non pas pour s’opposer au consensus, mais pour enrichir le débat constitutionnel.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 288,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p408",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N53442ccf7f02",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le moment est solennel, car il est rare dans la vie d’un député d’exercer le pouvoir constituant. La démarche est toute autre que celle que nous avons habituellement. Il ne s’agit plus de faire vivre les grandes oppositions qui traversent la société mais, au contraire, comme il s’agit de la norme suprême, d’énoncer clairement la perception de la très grande majorité des Français des droits et libertés Je voudrais répondre à l’un des arguments de ceux qui contestent l’utilité de constitutionnaliser la liberté de recourir à l’IVG – comme François-Xavier Bellamy, tête de la liste [GROUPE] pour les élections européennes. J’ai également entendu la position du [GROUPE] lors de cette réunion. Selon eux, le texte ne sert à rien parce que tout le monde est d’accord sur le droit de recourir à l’IVG et qu’il n’existe pas de risque de remise en question de ce dernier. Si tout le monde est d’accord, pourquoi ce droit ne figure-t-il pas déjà dans la Constitution ? En exerçant le pouvoir constituant, la question que nous devons nous poser est de savoir pourquoi une telle béance existe s’agissant d’un droit absolument fondamental pour les femmes. Sans lui, il ne peut pas y avoir d’égalité de droits entre les femmes et les hommes. Lorsque le Conseil constitutionnel a reconnu que le droit de recourir à l’IVG était conforme à la Constitution, il s’est appuyé sur le troisième alinéa du Préambule de la Constitution de 1946, qui garantit à la femme des droits égaux à ceux de l’homme. Pour atteindre l’égalité, il faut pouvoir maîtriser la procréation. Je considère qu’il faut discuter de l’emplacement à retenir pour ce droit dans la Constitution, non pas pour s’opposer au consensus, mais pour enrichir le débat constitutionnel."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p412",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "412",
    "413",
    "414"
   ],
   "order": 412,
   "text": "Nous aurons l’occasion de préciser la rédaction et les effets de ce texte lors de la discussion des amendements demain Contrairement à ce qui a pu être dit, la France ne serait pas le premier pays à inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Vous avez estimé, monsieur le garde des sceaux, que la France des Lumières pouvait éclairer le monde entier. Un autre pays l’a déjà fait : il s’agit de la Yougoslavie socialiste. L’article 191 de la Constitution de 1974 reconnaissait le droit à l’IVG. Ce texte permettait aussi au maréchal Tito de devenir président à vie… Tout cela pour vous inciter à davantage de modestie avant l’examen de ce texte et pour que l’on n’entende plus que la France va être le premier pays à inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans sa Constitution. Cela a déjà été fait il y a maintenant cinquante ans. Chacun a les références qu’il peut.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 154,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p412",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Ne6e07e0085a5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous aurons l’occasion de préciser la rédaction et les effets de ce texte lors de la discussion des amendements demain Contrairement à ce qui a pu être dit, la France ne serait pas le premier pays à inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution. Vous avez estimé, monsieur le garde des sceaux, que la France des Lumières pouvait éclairer le monde entier. Un autre pays l’a déjà fait : il s’agit de la Yougoslavie [GROUPE]. L’article 191 de la Constitution de 1974 reconnaissait le droit à l’IVG. Ce texte permettait aussi au maréchal Tito de devenir président à vie… Tout cela pour vous inciter à davantage de modestie avant l’examen de ce texte et pour que l’on n’entende plus que la France va être le premier pays à inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans sa Constitution. Cela a déjà été fait il y a maintenant cinquante ans. Chacun a les références qu’il peut."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA335054",
   "speaker": "Marietta Karamanli",
   "quality": "Mme Marietta Karamanli (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p416",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "416",
    "417",
    "418",
    "419",
    "420"
   ],
   "order": 416,
   "text": "Monsieur le président, monsieur le rapporteur, monsieur le ministre – trois hommes qui soutiennent une volonté de faire évoluer la Constitution –, en tant que femme et parlementaire, je suis vraiment ravie que nous atteignions cet objectif visé depuis très longtemps Comme cela a été bien dit par Marie-Noëlle Battistel, nous nous interrogeons sur plusieurs points, mais nous soutenons la démarche qui a été retenue. Nous sommes, bien entendu, favorables à l’inscription du droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, car il est plus difficile de modifier cette dernière. En outre, le texte proposé permettra d’éviter une interprétation de la Constitution qui porterait atteinte à ce droit. Mais il convient aussi de rappeler que les pouvoirs publics, à tous les niveaux, doivent également accorder une priorité élevée à la protection de la santé et des droits sexuels et reproductifs des femmes. Il faut soutenir activement des politiques qui permettent un accès effectif à la contraception et garantir l’exercice réel du droit à l’IVG. Inscrire ce droit dans la Constitution est nécessaire, mais cela ne suffira pas. Il faudra aussi se préoccuper de la difficulté à trouver des praticiens, de l’absence de centres spécialisés et des problèmes liés à l’éloignement et aux disparités régionales qui perdurent. On sait que des obstacles culturels, pratiques et économiques entravent l’accès à la santé reproductive et au droit à l’IVG. Oui, il faut garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Mais quelles mesures entendez-vous mettre en œuvre à l’échelle ministérielle et interministérielle pour aller plus loin et compléter cette constitutionnalisation ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 255,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p416",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N4571512775f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LMPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le président, monsieur le rapporteur, monsieur le ministre – trois hommes qui soutiennent une volonté de faire évoluer la Constitution –, en tant que femme et parlementaire, je suis vraiment ravie que nous atteignions cet objectif visé depuis très longtemps Comme cela a été bien dit par [PERSONNE], nous nous interrogeons sur plusieurs points, mais nous soutenons la démarche qui a été retenue. Nous sommes, bien entendu, favorables à l’inscription du droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, car il est plus difficile de modifier cette dernière. En outre, le texte proposé permettra d’éviter une interprétation de la Constitution qui porterait atteinte à ce droit. Mais il convient aussi de rappeler que les pouvoirs publics, à tous les niveaux, doivent également accorder une priorité élevée à la protection de la santé et des droits sexuels et reproductifs des femmes. Il faut soutenir activement des politiques qui permettent un accès effectif à la contraception et garantir l’exercice réel du droit à l’IVG. Inscrire ce droit dans la Constitution est nécessaire, mais cela ne suffira pas. Il faudra aussi se préoccuper de la difficulté à trouver des praticiens, de l’absence de centres spécialisés et des problèmes liés à l’éloignement et aux disparités régionales qui perdurent. On sait que des obstacles culturels, pratiques et économiques entravent l’accès à la santé reproductive et au droit à l’IVG. Oui, il faut garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Mais quelles mesures entendez-vous mettre en œuvre à l’échelle ministérielle et interministérielle pour aller plus loin et compléter cette constitutionnalisation ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p421",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "421",
    "422",
    "423"
   ],
   "order": 421,
   "text": "Quelques mots pour replacer le débat dans le contexte politique qui l’a suscité, à savoir l’arrêt de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. Ce contexte, on l’a transposé un peu rapidement, car le système juridique américain n’a rien à voir avec le nôtre et comparaison n’est pas raison Le Conseil constitutionnel s’est prononcé quatre fois sur la constitutionnalité de l’IVG – et sa dernière décision est intervenue en 2016, pas en 1975. En réalité, il n’y a pas de risque d’atteinte au droit à l’avortement sur le plan constitutionnel, même en cas de changement de majorité. D’une certaine manière, ce droit fait désormais partie du bloc de constitutionnalité, dans la continuité de la décision fondatrice de 1971. Le débat est donc davantage politique que juridique. On rappellera aussi la petite guéguerre de propositions de loi entre la présidente Panot et la présidente Bergé, qui avaient dégainé à quelques heures d’intervalle pour essayer de préempter le sujet. Il est bon aussi d’avoir cela présent à l’esprit, sans naïveté. Ce texte est une occasion de réunir quelques éléments de gauche pour faire oublier les fractures qui se sont manifestées notamment avant Noël.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 189,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p421",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nc9eeb3c7963d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Quelques mots pour replacer le débat dans le contexte politique qui l’a suscité, à savoir l’arrêt de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. Ce contexte, on l’a transposé un peu rapidement, car le système juridique américain n’a rien à voir avec le nôtre et comparaison n’est pas raison Le Conseil constitutionnel s’est prononcé quatre fois sur la constitutionnalité de l’IVG – et sa dernière décision est intervenue en 2016, pas en 1975. En réalité, il n’y a pas de risque d’atteinte au droit à l’avortement sur le plan constitutionnel, même en cas de changement de majorité. D’une certaine manière, ce droit fait désormais partie du bloc de constitutionnalité, dans la continuité de la décision fondatrice de 1971. Le débat est donc davantage politique que juridique. On rappellera aussi la petite guéguerre de propositions de loi entre la présidente Panot et la présidente Bergé, qui avaient dégainé à quelques heures d’intervalle pour essayer de préempter le sujet. Il est bon aussi d’avoir cela présent à l’esprit, sans naïveté. Ce texte est une occasion de réunir quelques éléments de gauche pour faire oublier les fractures qui se sont manifestées notamment avant Noël."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p425",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "425",
    "426"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "Rassurez-vous, les LR vont bien en ce moment. Que chacun s’occupe de ses têtes de liste aux européennes et on en reparlera, chers collègues Comme vous l’avez compris, nous posons, pour notre part, un certain nombre de questions de fond. C’est l’objet des amendements dont nous débattrons demain. Il ne s’agit absolument pas de faire de l’obstruction, mais d’obtenir des réponses précises à des questions précises. Une révision de la Constitution, ce n’est pas rien. Le choix qui a été fait consiste à modifier l’article 34, mais qu’entend-on par garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ? Nous le verrons lors de l’examen de nos amendements.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 106,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p425",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nd1c87f19cc69",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Rassurez-vous, les [GROUPE] vont bien en ce moment. Que chacun s’occupe de ses têtes de liste aux européennes et on en reparlera, chers collègues Comme vous l’avez compris, nous posons, pour notre part, un certain nombre de questions de fond. C’est l’objet des amendements dont nous débattrons demain. Il ne s’agit absolument pas de faire de l’obstruction, mais d’obtenir des réponses précises à des questions précises. Une révision de la Constitution, ce n’est pas rien. Le choix qui a été fait consiste à modifier l’article 34, mais qu’entend-on par garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG ? Nous le verrons lors de l’examen de nos amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608695",
   "speaker": "Cécile Untermaier",
   "quality": "Mme Cécile Untermaier (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p427",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "427",
    "428",
    "429",
    "430"
   ],
   "order": 427,
   "text": "Nous menons ce combat pour garantir le droit à l’IVG depuis des années. Marie-Noëlle Battistel a rappelé que notre groupe avait déposé des amendements en ce sens en 2018 et en 2019. Nous avons également déposé une proposition de loi pour inscrire ce droit à l’article 1er de la Constitution. Mais nous acceptons pleinement les avancées qui sont proposées, car c’est le compromis qui doit aboutir dans la loi fondamentale Première remarque : je ne comprends pas que l’on puisse s’opposer à la création d’un droit. On n’oblige personne à recourir à l’IVG. Nous demandons simplement de permettre aux personnes qui le souhaitent de pouvoir le faire. La création d’un droit est toujours un moment important et joyeux. Deuxième remarque : si nous arrivons à une grande victoire collective en inscrivant ce droit dans la Constitution, cela engage aussi bien le législateur que le Gouvernement à s’attacher aux conditions de mise en œuvre du droit à l’IVG. Je suis d’accord avec la clause de conscience, qui permet à un médecin de refuser de pratiquer l’acte. Mais ce dernier a, dès lors, l’obligation de diriger sa patiente vers un confrère qui l’accepte. Il faut bien constater que cette obligation n’est pas toujours respectée. Il est donc essentiel de rappeler les devoirs et les responsabilités de chacun. Je remercie le rapporteur pour son excellent propos et je suis d’accord avec lui sur le caractère indispensable du verbe « garantir ». Nous avions bataillé pour qu’il soit employé en matière d’environnement et nous serons à vos côtés sur ce sujet.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 257,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p427",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N6ff7a26dc930",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous menons ce combat pour garantir le droit à l’IVG depuis des années. [PERSONNE] a rappelé que notre groupe avait déposé des amendements en ce sens en 2018 et en 2019. Nous avons également déposé une proposition de loi pour inscrire ce droit à l’article 1er de la Constitution. Mais nous acceptons pleinement les avancées qui sont proposées, car c’est le compromis qui doit aboutir dans la loi fondamentale Première remarque : je ne comprends pas que l’on puisse s’opposer à la création d’un droit. On n’oblige personne à recourir à l’IVG. Nous demandons simplement de permettre aux personnes qui le souhaitent de pouvoir le faire. La création d’un droit est toujours un moment important et joyeux. Deuxième remarque : si nous arrivons à une grande victoire collective en inscrivant ce droit dans la Constitution, cela engage aussi bien le législateur que le Gouvernement à s’attacher aux conditions de mise en œuvre du droit à l’IVG. Je suis d’accord avec la clause de conscience, qui permet à un médecin de refuser de pratiquer l’acte. Mais ce dernier a, dès lors, l’obligation de diriger sa patiente vers un confrère qui l’accepte. Il faut bien constater que cette obligation n’est pas toujours respectée. Il est donc essentiel de rappeler les devoirs et les responsabilités de chacun. Je remercie le rapporteur pour son excellent propos et je suis d’accord avec lui sur le caractère indispensable du verbe « garantir ». Nous avions bataillé pour qu’il soit employé en matière d’environnement et nous serons à vos côtés sur ce sujet."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA773443",
   "speaker": "Éric Dupond-Moretti",
   "quality": "M. Éric Dupond-Moretti, ministre.",
   "role": "gouvernement",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "GOUV",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p431",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "431"
   ],
   "order": 431,
   "text": "Pourquoi est-ce que cela ne se passe pas comme ça dans l’hémicycle ? Ce n’est pas moi qui pose la question aux députés, ce sont des députés qui me la posent",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p431",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Ndff4928dbe5a",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi est-ce que cela ne se passe pas comme ça dans l’hémicycle ? Ce n’est pas moi qui pose la question aux députés, ce sont des députés qui me la posent"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-16",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-16",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "436",
    "437"
   ],
   "order": 436,
   "text": "Madame Garrido, la question de l’emplacement dans la Constitution où doit figurer la liberté de recourir à l’IVG est en effet centrale. Un certain nombre d’amendements portent sur ce point et leur examen permettra d’expliquer en quoi le choix de modifier l’article 34 est pertinent L’article 66 concerne l’autorité judiciaire et le retenir ne permettrait pas de créer sans ambiguïté une véritable liberté. L’article 1er, pour sa part, renvoie à des grands principes et ne permet pas d’introduire une rédaction suffisamment précise. La solution consistant à modifier l’article 34 – qui a été trouvée par Philippe Bas – mérite d’être défendue. C’est la conséquence du fait que notre Constitution ne comprend pas d’article liminaire détaillant l’ensemble des libertés reconnues. L’article 34 remplit d’une certaine manière cette fonction.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Compte rendu des débats",
   "article": "Article 34 de la Constitution",
   "article_id": "p227",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 127,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p436",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nca1930b38eda",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Garrido, la question de l’emplacement dans la Constitution où doit figurer la liberté de recourir à l’IVG est en effet centrale. Un certain nombre d’amendements portent sur ce point et leur examen permettra d’expliquer en quoi le choix de modifier l’article 34 est pertinent L’article 66 concerne l’autorité judiciaire et le retenir ne permettrait pas de créer sans ambiguïté une véritable liberté. L’article 1er, pour sa part, renvoie à des grands principes et ne permet pas d’introduire une rédaction suffisamment précise. La solution consistant à modifier l’article 34 – qui a été trouvée par [PERSONNE] – mérite d’être défendue. C’est la conséquence du fait que notre Constitution ne comprend pas d’article liminaire détaillant l’ensemble des libertés reconnues. L’article 34 remplit d’une certaine manière cette fonction."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard (NI).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p450",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "450",
    "451",
    "452",
    "453",
    "454",
    "455"
   ],
   "order": 450,
   "text": "Il ne s’agit pas pour nous ce matin de nous prononcer pour ou contre l’IVG mais bien pour ou contre son inscription dans la Constitution. Or la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG est inutile. Nous disposons déjà d’une législation libérale, qui n’est pas contestée. En 2022, quelque 234 000 avortements ont eu lieu, en augmentation de plus de 7 % par rapport à l’année précédente Il n’existe aucun risque de régression législative : quelle famille politique promouvrait aujourd’hui ou demain une telle mesure ? Prendre prétexte de la décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis, pays dans lequel les mouvements « pro-vie » constituent une force politique considérable, c’est tout simplement tromper les Français. Il n’existe pas davantage de risque de revirement de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel. Depuis la loi Veil du 17 janvier 1975, il a accepté toutes les évolutions, toujours plus permissives, de la législation sur l’IVG, considérant qu’il ne lui appartenait pas, dans un tel domaine, de substituer son appréciation à celle du législateur. Inscrire l’IVG dans la Constitution serait donc inutile, mais aussi dangereux. En effet, toucher à la Constitution s’agissant d’une question de société comme celle de l’avortement revient à ouvrir la boîte de Pandore, et la voie à toutes les surenchères. Vous voudrez demain y inscrire l’euthanasie, le changement de sexe, la procréation médicalement assistée et la gestation pour autrui, bref y insérer un catalogue de tous les droits que vous estimerez devoir rendre inaliénables, à un moment ou à un autre. Pourquoi prendre l’initiative d’un tel projet de loi ? Tout simplement parce que, en France, les responsables politiques parlent de réviser la Constitution chaque fois qu’ils entendent montrer l’importance qu’ils attachent à un sujet donné. J’ai entendu hier, pendant l’audition du ministre, qu’il s’agissait d’une mesure symbolique. Je ne suis pas opposée à traiter des symboles en politique mais en l’occurrence, il s’agit surtout de mettre la poussière sous le tapis. Au lieu de vous interroger sur les causes du recours massif à l’IVG et sur les moyens d’aider les femmes concernées, vous voulez inscrire dans le marbre constitutionnel ce que Simone Veil considérait clairement comme une situation de détresse.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 359,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p450",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N04cda832a289",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne s’agit pas pour nous ce matin de nous prononcer pour ou contre l’IVG mais bien pour ou contre son inscription dans la Constitution. Or la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG est inutile. Nous disposons déjà d’une législation libérale, qui n’est pas contestée. En 2022, quelque 234 000 avortements ont eu lieu, en augmentation de plus de 7 % par rapport à l’année précédente Il n’existe aucun risque de régression législative : quelle famille politique promouvrait aujourd’hui ou demain une telle mesure ? Prendre prétexte de la décision de la Cour suprême des États-Unis, pays dans lequel les mouvements « pro-vie » constituent une force politique considérable, c’est tout simplement tromper les Français. Il n’existe pas davantage de risque de revirement de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel. Depuis la loi Veil du 17 janvier 1975, il a accepté toutes les évolutions, toujours plus permissives, de la législation sur l’IVG, considérant qu’il ne lui appartenait pas, dans un tel domaine, de substituer son appréciation à celle du législateur. Inscrire l’IVG dans la Constitution serait donc inutile, mais aussi dangereux. En effet, toucher à la Constitution s’agissant d’une question de société comme celle de l’avortement revient à ouvrir la boîte de Pandore, et la voie à toutes les surenchères. Vous voudrez demain y inscrire l’euthanasie, le changement de sexe, la procréation médicalement assistée et la gestation pour autrui, bref y insérer un catalogue de tous les droits que vous estimerez devoir rendre inaliénables, à un moment ou à un autre. Pourquoi prendre l’initiative d’un tel projet de loi ? Tout simplement parce que, en France, les responsables politiques parlent de réviser la Constitution chaque fois qu’ils entendent montrer l’importance qu’ils attachent à un sujet donné. J’ai entendu hier, pendant l’audition du ministre, qu’il s’agissait d’une mesure symbolique. Je ne suis pas opposée à traiter des symboles en politique mais en l’occurrence, il s’agit surtout de mettre la poussière sous le tapis. Au lieu de vous interroger sur les causes du recours massif à l’IVG et sur les moyens d’aider les femmes concernées, vous voulez inscrire dans le marbre constitutionnel ce que Simone Veil considérait clairement comme une situation de détresse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p456",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "456",
    "457",
    "458"
   ],
   "order": 456,
   "text": "Comme tous les sujets d’ordre éthique, la question de l’avortement nous met face à la nécessité de concilier deux principes : la liberté des femmes, d’une part, et la protection de la vie à naître de l’autre. Si nous ne parvenons pas à cette conciliation, nous devrons affronter les contradictions qui en résultent L’équilibre actuel a été trouvé douloureusement, dans le cadre de la loi Veil et de celles qui l’ont suivie. Est-il modifié par le projet ? Soit il ne l’est pas, et il faut alors expliquer à quoi sert la modification proposée ; soit il l’est, et il faut nous indiquer jusqu’où ira le déséquilibre résultant de la seule prise en considération de la liberté des femmes, à l’exclusion de la protection de la vie à naître, et quel sera son effet. J’ai écouté hier les orateurs des différents groupes et j’ai bien entendu que certains ne font aucune référence à la protection de la vie à naître. Le garde des sceaux, quant à lui, a parlé de « protection de l’enfant à naître » ainsi que de « sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine », qui sont des éléments importants. Notre discussion devra faire apparaître clairement la nécessité de concilier les deux principes plutôt que de n’en affirmer qu’un seul, après quoi il faudra nous demander si le texte va, oui ou non, modifier l’équilibre existant.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 231,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p456",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Neab1e9f3644a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Comme tous les sujets d’ordre éthique, la question de l’avortement nous met face à la nécessité de concilier deux principes : la liberté des femmes, d’une part, et la protection de la vie à naître de l’autre. Si nous ne parvenons pas à cette conciliation, nous devrons affronter les contradictions qui en résultent L’équilibre actuel a été trouvé douloureusement, dans le cadre de la loi Veil et de celles qui l’ont suivie. Est-il modifié par le projet ? Soit il ne l’est pas, et il faut alors expliquer à quoi sert la modification proposée ; soit il l’est, et il faut nous indiquer jusqu’où ira le déséquilibre résultant de la seule prise en considération de la liberté des femmes, à l’exclusion de la protection de la vie à naître, et quel sera son effet. J’ai écouté hier les orateurs des différents groupes et j’ai bien entendu que certains ne font aucune référence à la protection de la vie à naître. Le garde des sceaux, quant à lui, a parlé de « protection de l’enfant à naître » ainsi que de « sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine », qui sont des éléments importants. Notre discussion devra faire apparaître clairement la nécessité de concilier les deux principes plutôt que de n’en affirmer qu’un seul, après quoi il faudra nous demander si le texte va, oui ou non, modifier l’équilibre existant."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p459",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "459",
    "460",
    "461",
    "462"
   ],
   "order": 459,
   "text": "La constitutionnalisation envisagée pourrait entraîner un risque juridique nouveau, plus important que les avantages susceptibles d’en être retirés Nous avons importé un débat né aux États-Unis. Or le contexte français est très différent. Aucun parti représenté aujourd’hui au Parlement ne fait figurer dans son programme la suppression du droit à l’IVG. Le texte qui nous est proposé susciterait une asymétrie juridique, au contraire de la loi Veil, qui constitue une loi d’équilibre. Monsieur Breton a évoqué la protection de la vie à naître, qui est un élément constitutif de cet équilibre ; il faut aussi mentionner la clause de conscience des professionnels de santé. Constitutionnaliser une partie de la loi Veil mais non son intégralité créerait ainsi des problèmes juridiques qui, jusqu’à présent, n’existaient pas. Les amendements que nous défendons ont pour objet de faire apparaître ces éléments juridiques.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 139,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p459",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N289ee285e253",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La constitutionnalisation envisagée pourrait entraîner un risque juridique nouveau, plus important que les avantages susceptibles d’en être retirés Nous avons importé un débat né aux États-Unis. Or le contexte français est très différent. Aucun parti représenté aujourd’hui au Parlement ne fait figurer dans son programme la suppression du droit à l’IVG. Le texte qui nous est proposé susciterait une asymétrie juridique, au contraire de la loi Veil, qui constitue une loi d’équilibre. Monsieur Breton a évoqué la protection de la vie à naître, qui est un élément constitutif de cet équilibre ; il faut aussi mentionner la clause de conscience des professionnels de santé. Constitutionnaliser une partie de la loi Veil mais non son intégralité créerait ainsi des problèmes juridiques qui, jusqu’à présent, n’existaient pas. Les amendements que nous défendons ont pour objet de faire apparaître ces éléments juridiques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p463",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "463",
    "464",
    "465",
    "466",
    "467",
    "468",
    "469",
    "470",
    "471"
   ],
   "order": 463,
   "text": "Je ne vous surprendrai pas : mon avis sera défavorable L’ensemble des amendements déposés, monsieur Hetzel, nous permettront d’apporter des éléments de réponse, à la fois en droit et en opportunité. La portée de ce texte n’est pas seulement symbolique, madame Ménard, car il permettra la reconnaissance d’une liberté fondamentale tandis que le Conseil constitutionnel se limite aujourd’hui à considérer l’IVG comme conforme à la Constitution. Nous allons ainsi lui conférer la protection juridique suprême. Nous le faisons parce que, depuis dix ou quinze ans, le droit à l’IVG subit des attaques auparavant inimaginables, qui se multiplient dans le monde entier. Bien sûr, l’arrêt Dobbs vs Jackson Women’s Health Organization, aux États-Unis, a fait fonction d’électrochoc mais, partout ailleurs, les droits des femmes sont également attaqués par l’intermédiaire du droit à l’avortement. Ainsi le Honduras a-t-il récemment inscrit dans sa Constitution l’interdiction totale de l’avortement. D’autres assauts ont été menés en Pologne, en Hongrie, en Espagne, mais aussi en France, où des associations comme le Planning familial ont subi des dégradations de leurs locaux et où une partie du personnel soignant ne respecte pas la liberté des femmes de choisir une méthode d’IVG. Ces professionnels ne font pas jouer leur clause de conscience, mais cherchent bien plutôt à faire souffrir ou se remettre en question les femmes qui ont recours à l’avortement. Ces attaques existent également dans le débat public, non pas toujours pour interdire l’avortement, mais souvent pour en restreindre l’accès. Toutes les propositions relatives à la réduction du délai de recours à l’IVG, à son déremboursement, à la remise en place de délais de réflexion, à la remise en question du délit d’entrave à l’IVG, contribuent à menacer l’accès à l’avortement. Face à la réalité des attaques contre l’IVG, nous proposons de reconnaître dans la Constitution cette liberté fondamentale, dont la protection est réelle mais insuffisante, dans la mesure où elle n’est pas reconnue par les juridictions européennes et pas suffisamment par notre Conseil constitutionnel. J’insiste sur le fait que cette constitutionnalisation ne bouleverse pas le droit existant. Elle ne modifie pas le cadre législatif qui résulte des lois votées entre 1975 et 2022. Le Conseil d’État s’est montré très clair à cet égard. Cette loi constitutionnelle est donc à la fois rien, puisqu’elle ne touche pas au cadre législatif, et tout, puisqu’elle permet la reconnaissance d’une liberté fondamentale particulièrement importante pour les droits des femmes et pour l’égalité et qu’elle envoie un message positif aux générations présentes et futures, dans notre pays comme à travers le monde.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 420,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p463",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N1b5adb8bc79c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne vous surprendrai pas : mon avis sera défavorable L’ensemble des amendements déposés, monsieur Hetzel, nous permettront d’apporter des éléments de réponse, à la fois en droit et en opportunité. La portée de ce texte n’est pas seulement symbolique, madame Ménard, car il permettra la reconnaissance d’une liberté fondamentale tandis que le Conseil constitutionnel se limite aujourd’hui à considérer l’IVG comme conforme à la Constitution. Nous allons ainsi lui conférer la protection juridique suprême. Nous le faisons parce que, depuis dix ou quinze ans, le droit à l’IVG subit des attaques auparavant inimaginables, qui se multiplient dans le monde entier. Bien sûr, l’arrêt Dobbs vs Jackson Women’s Health Organization, aux États-Unis, a fait fonction d’électrochoc mais, partout ailleurs, les droits des femmes sont également attaqués par l’intermédiaire du droit à l’avortement. Ainsi le Honduras a-t-il récemment inscrit dans sa Constitution l’interdiction totale de l’avortement. D’autres assauts ont été menés en Pologne, en Hongrie, en Espagne, mais aussi en France, où des associations comme le Planning familial ont subi des dégradations de leurs locaux et où une partie du personnel soignant ne respecte pas la liberté des femmes de choisir une méthode d’IVG. Ces professionnels ne font pas jouer leur clause de conscience, mais cherchent bien plutôt à faire souffrir ou se remettre en question les femmes qui ont recours à l’avortement. Ces attaques existent également dans le débat public, non pas toujours pour interdire l’avortement, mais souvent pour en restreindre l’accès. Toutes les propositions relatives à la réduction du délai de recours à l’IVG, à son déremboursement, à la remise en place de délais de réflexion, à la remise en question du délit d’entrave à l’IVG, contribuent à menacer l’accès à l’avortement. Face à la réalité des attaques contre l’IVG, nous proposons de reconnaître dans la Constitution cette liberté fondamentale, dont la protection est réelle mais insuffisante, dans la mesure où elle n’est pas reconnue par les juridictions européennes et pas suffisamment par notre Conseil constitutionnel. J’insiste sur le fait que cette constitutionnalisation ne bouleverse pas le droit existant. Elle ne modifie pas le cadre législatif qui résulte des lois votées entre 1975 et 2022. Le Conseil d’État s’est montré très clair à cet égard. Cette loi constitutionnelle est donc à la fois rien, puisqu’elle ne touche pas au cadre législatif, et tout, puisqu’elle permet la reconnaissance d’une liberté fondamentale particulièrement importante pour les droits des femmes et pour l’égalité et qu’elle envoie un message positif aux générations présentes et futures, dans notre pays comme à travers le monde."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795746",
   "speaker": "Antoine Léaument",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Léaument (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p472",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "472",
    "473",
    "474",
    "475",
    "476"
   ],
   "order": 472,
   "text": "Inscrire dans la Constitution le droit à l’IVG pour le garantir, c’est une bonne manière de commencer l’année Mme Ménard tout à l’heure se demandait quel parti pourrait bien menacer le droit à l’IVG. Mais elle-même regrettait, en 2017, que l’IVG soit aujourd’hui généralisé et banalisé ! Marine Le Pen, en 2012, voulait dérembourser ce qu’elle nommait les « IVG de confort » : il semble qu’elle ait depuis changé d’avis, mais rien n’empêche qu’elle en change encore en sens opposé. La constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG est une protection. Je suis d’autant plus inquiet que, lorsque nous avons voté en première lecture la proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à protéger et à garantir le droit fondamental à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, vingt-trois membres du groupe Rassemblement national et sept membres du groupe Les Républicains s’y sont opposés. Il faut garantir le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution parce que ce droit est menacé partout dans le monde, dès lors que les amis de Mme Le Pen ou de M. Zemmour conquièrent le pouvoir. C’est le cas en Hongrie ; c’est le cas en Pologne, où trois femmes sont mortes depuis 2021 pour avoir essuyé un refus de recours à l’IVG ; c’est le cas en Italie, où les amis de Mme Le Pen sont au pouvoir. Mme Meloni affirme ne pas vouloir toucher à l’IVG au niveau national mais celle-ci est mise en péril à l’échelon local par toutes les coalitions auxquelles participe son parti. Il faut donc inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, parce que protéger ce droit, c’est protéger les femmes contre la rapacité de certains. Après les discours prononcés hier dans cette commission, je suis très inquiet de l’avenir du droit à l’avortement dans notre pays.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 292,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p472",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N305265dd1ad8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Inscrire dans la Constitution le droit à l’IVG pour le garantir, c’est une bonne manière de commencer l’année Mme Ménard tout à l’heure se demandait quel parti pourrait bien menacer le droit à l’IVG. Mais elle-même regrettait, en 2017, que l’IVG soit aujourd’hui généralisé et banalisé ! [PERSONNE], en 2012, voulait dérembourser ce qu’elle nommait les « IVG de confort » : il semble qu’elle ait depuis changé d’avis, mais rien n’empêche qu’elle en change encore en sens opposé. La constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG est une protection. Je suis d’autant plus inquiet que, lorsque nous avons voté en première lecture la proposition de loi constitutionnelle visant à protéger et à garantir le droit fondamental à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, vingt-trois membres du groupe [GROUPE] et sept membres du groupe [GROUPE] s’y sont opposés. Il faut garantir le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution parce que ce droit est menacé partout dans le monde, dès lors que les amis de Mme Le Pen ou de M. Zemmour conquièrent le pouvoir. C’est le cas en Hongrie ; c’est le cas en Pologne, où trois femmes sont mortes depuis 2021 pour avoir essuyé un refus de recours à l’IVG ; c’est le cas en Italie, où les amis de Mme Le Pen sont au pouvoir. Mme Meloni affirme ne pas vouloir toucher à l’IVG au niveau national mais celle-ci est mise en péril à l’échelon local par toutes les coalitions auxquelles participe son parti. Il faut donc inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution, parce que protéger ce droit, c’est protéger les femmes contre la rapacité de certains. Après les discours prononcés hier dans cette commission, je suis très inquiet de l’avenir du droit à l’avortement dans notre pays."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p477",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "477",
    "478",
    "479",
    "480"
   ],
   "order": 477,
   "text": "Je rappelle que nous, législateurs, faisons la loi française, et qu’il est question ici de notre Constitution et non de celles de pays plus ou moins lointains et exotiques. La Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits, c’est notre norme supérieure Vous avez indiqué, monsieur le rapporteur, que le présent texte permettrait la reconnaissance d’une liberté fondamentale. Or la liberté fondamentale des femmes d’avoir recours à l’IVG n’est pas menacée en France, nous sommes tous d’accord sur ce point. En revanche, d’autres droits et libertés sont bel et bien en péril. C’est le cas par exemple de la liberté de ne pas se faire assassiner à 17 ans, comme le jeune Thomas à Crépol, ou de celle, pour les femmes, de disposer de leur corps et de ne pas se faire violer. Ces libertés sont très sérieusement menacées, au quotidien, en France et personne ne les défend – vous préférez défendre une liberté qui n’est pas attaquée. Ne perdons pas de vue que la difficulté réelle à laquelle fait face notre pays ne concerne pas l’IVG, que le Rassemblement national n’entend pas remettre en cause, mais réside bien plutôt dans l’état de sinistre abyssal de notre système de santé, qui empêche bon nombre de femmes, notamment en milieu rural, d’avoir recours à l’IVG dans les délais requis et dans de bonnes conditions. Je suis très étonnée du silence qu’entretiennent à ce sujet ceux qui se prétendent grands défenseurs du droit des femmes. Le vrai danger est là et non ailleurs.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 250,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p477",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Na83eb6151995",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle que nous, législateurs, faisons la loi française, et qu’il est question ici de notre Constitution et non de celles de pays plus ou moins lointains et exotiques. La Constitution n’est pas un catalogue de droits, c’est notre norme supérieure Vous avez indiqué, monsieur le rapporteur, que le présent texte permettrait la reconnaissance d’une liberté fondamentale. Or la liberté fondamentale des femmes d’avoir recours à l’IVG n’est pas menacée en France, nous sommes tous d’accord sur ce point. En revanche, d’autres droits et libertés sont bel et bien en péril. C’est le cas par exemple de la liberté de ne pas se faire assassiner à 17 ans, comme le jeune Thomas à Crépol, ou de celle, pour les femmes, de disposer de leur corps et de ne pas se faire violer. Ces libertés sont très sérieusement menacées, au quotidien, en France et personne ne les défend – vous préférez défendre une liberté qui n’est pas attaquée. Ne perdons pas de vue que la difficulté réelle à laquelle fait face notre pays ne concerne pas l’IVG, que le [GROUPE] n’entend pas remettre en cause, mais réside bien plutôt dans l’état de sinistre abyssal de notre système de santé, qui empêche bon nombre de femmes, notamment en milieu rural, d’avoir recours à l’IVG dans les délais requis et dans de bonnes conditions. Je suis très étonnée du silence qu’entretiennent à ce sujet ceux qui se prétendent grands défenseurs du droit des femmes. Le vrai danger est là et non ailleurs."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Riotton (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p481",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "481",
    "482",
    "483"
   ],
   "order": 481,
   "text": "C’est aujourd’hui jour pour jour l’anniversaire de la loi Veil. Je rappelle que huit personnes sur dix, en France, sont favorables à la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG Faut-il qu’une liberté soit menacée pour enfin travailler à son extension et à sa protection ? Ne nous y trompons pas – nous venons à l’instant de les entendre : les voix d’extrême droite, les lobbies « antichoix », œuvrent chaque jour à la restriction de la liberté d’avorter, y compris sur les réseaux sociaux et à travers les frontières. Plutôt que des États-Unis, parlons de l’Europe : aujourd’hui, beaucoup de nos voisines italiennes, polonaises, hongroises n’ont pas la possibilité d’avorter, quelquefois même en cas d’inceste ou de viol. Cette matinée fournira à ceux qui hésitaient encore des raisons de renforcer ce droit, cette liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG, en construisant enfin autour d’elle des remparts constitutionnels infranchissables.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 144,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p481",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N715eee882540",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est aujourd’hui jour pour jour l’anniversaire de la loi Veil. Je rappelle que huit personnes sur dix, en France, sont favorables à la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG Faut-il qu’une liberté soit menacée pour enfin travailler à son extension et à sa protection ? Ne nous y trompons pas – nous venons à l’instant de les entendre : les voix d’extrême droite, les lobbies « antichoix », œuvrent chaque jour à la restriction de la liberté d’avorter, y compris sur les réseaux sociaux et à travers les frontières. Plutôt que des États-Unis, parlons de l’Europe : aujourd’hui, beaucoup de nos voisines italiennes, polonaises, hongroises n’ont pas la possibilité d’avorter, quelquefois même en cas d’inceste ou de viol. Cette matinée fournira à ceux qui hésitaient encore des raisons de renforcer ce droit, cette liberté d’avoir recours à l’IVG, en construisant enfin autour d’elle des remparts constitutionnels infranchissables."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard (NI).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p484",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "484",
    "485",
    "486",
    "487",
    "488",
    "489"
   ],
   "order": 484,
   "text": "En parlant de mesure symbolique, monsieur le rapporteur, je me suis bornée à reprendre les termes employés hier par le garde des sceaux Je me plais à rappeler que la loi Veil de 1975, dont c’est l’anniversaire aujourd’hui, énonce en son article 1er : « La loi garantit le respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie. Il ne saurait être porté atteinte à ce principe qu’en cas de nécessité et selon les conditions définies par la présente loi. » Cet article 1er institue un équilibre entre les droits de la mère et ceux de l’embryon en autorisant une dérogation au respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie. En inscrivant l’IVG dans la Constitution, on supprimerait cet équilibre et l’on mettrait fin à la clause de liberté de conscience des personnels de santé. Comment s’opposeraient-ils en effet à une liberté constitutionnelle ? Pour ceux qui l’auraient oublié, c’est sur vos bancs que l’autorisation de pratiquer une interruption médicale de grossesse jusqu’à la veille de l’accouchement pour cause de détresse psychosociale a fait l’objet d’un vote favorable, en août 2021, avant d’être retoquée. Vous procédez toujours de la même façon, à l’envers et de façon irréversible. Plutôt que de vous attaquer aux causes des IVG, qui sont toujours plus nombreuses, plutôt que de placer dans tous les établissements scolaires des infirmières, qui peuvent jouer un rôle d’information et de conseil, vous préférez inscrire la liberté d’avorter dans la Constitution, sans vous soucier des conséquences d’un tel acte sur celles qui y ont recours. Pourquoi nous en soucier, puisqu’elles peuvent jouir de leur liberté ? Y a-t-il urgence à constitutionnaliser l’IVG, ou plutôt à mener une véritable politique de prévention de l’avortement, notamment auprès des jeunes ? Lors de sa conférence de presse, hier, Emmanuel Macron parlait à l’envi de bon sens : voilà une occasion de le mettre en pratique !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 317,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p484",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nd1daa3fe643c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En parlant de mesure symbolique, monsieur le rapporteur, je me suis bornée à reprendre les termes employés hier par le garde des sceaux Je me plais à rappeler que la loi Veil de 1975, dont c’est l’anniversaire aujourd’hui, énonce en son article 1er : « La loi garantit le respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie. Il ne saurait être porté atteinte à ce principe qu’en cas de nécessité et selon les conditions définies par la présente loi. » Cet article 1er institue un équilibre entre les droits de la mère et ceux de l’embryon en autorisant une dérogation au respect de tout être humain dès le commencement de la vie. En inscrivant l’IVG dans la Constitution, on supprimerait cet équilibre et l’on mettrait fin à la clause de liberté de conscience des personnels de santé. Comment s’opposeraient-ils en effet à une liberté constitutionnelle ? Pour ceux qui l’auraient oublié, c’est sur vos bancs que l’autorisation de pratiquer une interruption médicale de grossesse jusqu’à la veille de l’accouchement pour cause de détresse psychosociale a fait l’objet d’un vote favorable, en août 2021, avant d’être retoquée. Vous procédez toujours de la même façon, à l’envers et de façon irréversible. Plutôt que de vous attaquer aux causes des IVG, qui sont toujours plus nombreuses, plutôt que de placer dans tous les établissements scolaires des infirmières, qui peuvent jouer un rôle d’information et de conseil, vous préférez inscrire la liberté d’avorter dans la Constitution, sans vous soucier des conséquences d’un tel acte sur celles qui y ont recours. Pourquoi nous en soucier, puisqu’elles peuvent jouir de leur liberté ? Y a-t-il urgence à constitutionnaliser l’IVG, ou plutôt à mener une véritable politique de prévention de l’avortement, notamment auprès des jeunes ? Lors de sa conférence de presse, hier, [PERSONNE] parlait à l’envi de bon sens : voilà une occasion de le mettre en pratique !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p490",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "490",
    "491",
    "492",
    "493"
   ],
   "order": 490,
   "text": "Je ne suis pas favorable à ces amendements de suppression car le contexte international peut à bon droit nous inquiéter. Il n’est nullement question de l’importer en France, mais on ne peut préjuger de l’avenir, par exemple de l’avis que le Conseil constitutionnel serait amené à rendre au sujet d’une loi qui restreindrait le droit à l’avortement La constitutionnalisation est donc pertinente, mais il est vrai qu’elle dévoie l’équilibre de la loi Veil puisqu’il manque à la rédaction proposée le pan relatif au respect de la dignité de l’enfant à naître et de la vie humaine. Cela suscite des interrogations, qui rejoignent celles qu’a énoncées Mme Ménard. Un seul exemple : une femme qui se verrait refuser le recours à l’IVG par un professionnel de santé au motif qu’elle a dépassé le délai prévu par la loi pourrait saisir le Conseil constitutionnel, en arguant du fait qu’elle n’a pu exercer sa liberté constitutionnelle dans le temps imparti. Inscrire dans la Constitution la liberté de recourir à l’IVG me semble néanmoins être une bonne manière de la préserver, même s’il faut garantir davantage le respect de l’équilibre auquel est parvenue la loi Veil.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 192,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p490",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N9dca426c54eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJLV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne suis pas favorable à ces amendements de suppression car le contexte international peut à bon droit nous inquiéter. Il n’est nullement question de l’importer en France, mais on ne peut préjuger de l’avenir, par exemple de l’avis que le Conseil constitutionnel serait amené à rendre au sujet d’une loi qui restreindrait le droit à l’avortement La constitutionnalisation est donc pertinente, mais il est vrai qu’elle dévoie l’équilibre de la loi Veil puisqu’il manque à la rédaction proposée le pan relatif au respect de la dignité de l’enfant à naître et de la vie humaine. Cela suscite des interrogations, qui rejoignent celles qu’a énoncées Mme Ménard. Un seul exemple : une femme qui se verrait refuser le recours à l’IVG par un professionnel de santé au motif qu’elle a dépassé le délai prévu par la loi pourrait saisir le Conseil constitutionnel, en arguant du fait qu’elle n’a pu exercer sa liberté constitutionnelle dans le temps imparti. Inscrire dans la Constitution la liberté de recourir à l’IVG me semble néanmoins être une bonne manière de la préserver, même s’il faut garantir davantage le respect de l’équilibre auquel est parvenue la loi Veil."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p494",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "494"
   ],
   "order": 494,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, nous prenons acte de ce que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, s’il devait être adopté, ne changerait rien au cadre législatif. Il modifierait néanmoins les conditions d’élaboration du cadre législatif futur – sans quoi il serait sans utilité. En effet, la liberté de la femme, et elle seule, se verrait conférer un poids plus important, sans qu’il soit tenu compte de l’équilibre à respecter avec la protection de la vie à naître. Votre proposition se résume à ce que « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Vous ne vous préoccupez de rien d’autre. C’est votre choix, il faut l’assumer. De fait, vous mettez en place les conditions d’une rupture de l’équilibre atteint par la loi Veil",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 136,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p494",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N61720445c054",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, nous prenons acte de ce que ce projet de loi constitutionnelle, s’il devait être adopté, ne changerait rien au cadre législatif. Il modifierait néanmoins les conditions d’élaboration du cadre législatif futur – sans quoi il serait sans utilité. En effet, la liberté de la femme, et elle seule, se verrait conférer un poids plus important, sans qu’il soit tenu compte de l’équilibre à respecter avec la protection de la vie à naître. Votre proposition se résume à ce que « La loi détermine les conditions dans lesquelles s’exerce la liberté garantie à la femme d’avoir recours à une interruption volontaire de grossesse. » Vous ne vous préoccupez de rien d’autre. C’est votre choix, il faut l’assumer. De fait, vous mettez en place les conditions d’une rupture de l’équilibre atteint par la loi Veil"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608695",
   "speaker": "Cécile Untermaier",
   "quality": "Mme Cécile Untermaier (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p495",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "495",
    "496",
    "497"
   ],
   "order": 495,
   "text": "Je conçois que l’on se soucie de l’équilibre entre les différents droits. Néanmoins, le droit à naître n’est pas entaché par le droit à interrompre une grossesse non désirée. Je revendique quant à moi cette liberté pour les femmes, et cela ne me dérange pas que celle-ci soit attachée à leur corps Ayons à l’esprit qu’une femme qui ne désire pas un enfant ne le gardera pas, et faisons en sorte que le dispositif institutionnel soit au rendez-vous. Bien sûr, la contraception est préférable à l’IVG. Mais lorsque le cas se présente, cette femme doit trouver les moyens de le faire et pour cela, sans doute faut-il ériger au niveau constitutionnel cette liberté fondamentale. Cela obligera en effet le Gouvernement et le législateur à la rendre effective. Certains amendements dont nous allons débattre portent d’ailleurs sur le caractère effectif du droit à l’IVG. C’est un point sur lequel nous ne lâcherons pas. Enfin, je ne suis pas d’accord avec les propos de nos collègues du Rassemblement national : la loi fondamentale est un écrin qui protège les droits fondamentaux. Si la liberté fondamentale d’avorter est menacée, mettant en péril la vie de certaines femmes, nous devons pouvoir l’inscrire dans la Constitution, sachant que la liberté essentielle de procréer n’est absolument pas remise en question.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 214,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p495",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N699f277febca",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je conçois que l’on se soucie de l’équilibre entre les différents droits. Néanmoins, le droit à naître n’est pas entaché par le droit à interrompre une grossesse non désirée. Je revendique quant à moi cette liberté pour les femmes, et cela ne me dérange pas que celle-ci soit attachée à leur corps Ayons à l’esprit qu’une femme qui ne désire pas un enfant ne le gardera pas, et faisons en sorte que le dispositif institutionnel soit au rendez-vous. Bien sûr, la contraception est préférable à l’IVG. Mais lorsque le cas se présente, cette femme doit trouver les moyens de le faire et pour cela, sans doute faut-il ériger au niveau constitutionnel cette liberté fondamentale. Cela obligera en effet le Gouvernement et le législateur à la rendre effective. Certains amendements dont nous allons débattre portent d’ailleurs sur le caractère effectif du droit à l’IVG. C’est un point sur lequel nous ne lâcherons pas. Enfin, je ne suis pas d’accord avec les propos de nos collègues du [GROUPE] : la loi fondamentale est un écrin qui protège les droits fondamentaux. Si la liberté fondamentale d’avorter est menacée, mettant en péril la vie de certaines femmes, nous devons pouvoir l’inscrire dans la Constitution, sachant que la liberté essentielle de procréer n’est absolument pas remise en question."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p499",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "499"
   ],
   "order": 499,
   "text": "Aujourd’hui, le droit à l’avortement n’est pas reconnu comme une liberté ; il le sera grâce à ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. Le Conseil d’État considère lui-même que celui-ci ne bouleversera en aucun cas l’équilibre entre les différents droits et libertés reconnus par notre Constitution. Enfin, monsieur Breton, la protection de la vie à naître que vous évoquez ne figure pas dans notre bloc de constitutionnalité. Le Conseil constitutionnel, qui a eu à se prononcer à plusieurs reprises sur l’avortement, s’assure du respect de l’équilibre entre le principe de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation, d’une part, et la liberté de la femme telle qu’elle découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen d’autre part. Utilisons les termes reconnus par notre juge constitutionnel",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements de suppression CL1 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, CL26 de M. Xavier Breton et CL72 de M. Patrick Hetzel",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 136,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p499",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N063cc25d4c06",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Aujourd’hui, le droit à l’avortement n’est pas reconnu comme une liberté ; il le sera grâce à ce projet de loi constitutionnelle. Le Conseil d’État considère lui-même que celui-ci ne bouleversera en aucun cas l’équilibre entre les différents droits et libertés reconnus par notre Constitution. Enfin, monsieur Breton, la protection de la vie à naître que vous évoquez ne figure pas dans notre bloc de constitutionnalité. Le Conseil constitutionnel, qui a eu à se prononcer à plusieurs reprises sur l’avortement, s’assure du respect de l’équilibre entre le principe de sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation, d’une part, et la liberté de la femme telle qu’elle découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen d’autre part. Utilisons les termes reconnus par notre juge constitutionnel"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "502",
    "503",
    "504",
    "505"
   ],
   "order": 502,
   "text": "Nous souhaiterions que soit inscrit dans la Constitution : « Nul ne peut porter atteinte au droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception. La loi garantit à toute personne en état de grossesse qui en fait la demande l’accès libre et effectif à ces droits. » Le droit à la contraception est en effet le corollaire du droit à l’IVG. En Pologne, où personne ne pensait que cela pourrait arriver, c’est avec l’interdiction de vendre la pilule du lendemain sans ordonnance qu’a commencé la remise en cause du droit à l’avortement J’espère que c’est la rédaction à laquelle nous parviendrons plus tard, une fois que le compromis que nous sommes prêts à accepter pour l’instant aura été acquis. Les réactionnaires de tout poil défendront alors sans doute la formulation que nous nous apprêtons à adopter, comme ils le font maintenant pour la loi Veil ! L’histoire avance, les droits des femmes aussi. J’ajoute, madame Bordes, que ce ne sont pas des pays exotiques qui remettent en cause le droit à l’avortement : ce sont l’Italie, la Pologne, la Hongrie. Même à Andorre – dont Emmanuel Macron est coprince ! – une militante sera jugée aujourd’hui pour avoir dénoncé l’interdiction de l’avortement. Si nous n’inscrivons pas le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution aujourd’hui, alors que cela recueille une large majorité d’opinions favorables parmi les Français et les partis politiques, nous ne le ferons jamais.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 237,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p502",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nf736e67e8230",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous souhaiterions que soit inscrit dans la Constitution : « Nul ne peut porter atteinte au droit à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse et à la contraception. La loi garantit à toute personne en état de grossesse qui en fait la demande l’accès libre et effectif à ces droits. » Le droit à la contraception est en effet le corollaire du droit à l’IVG. En Pologne, où personne ne pensait que cela pourrait arriver, c’est avec l’interdiction de vendre la pilule du lendemain sans ordonnance qu’a commencé la remise en cause du droit à l’avortement J’espère que c’est la rédaction à laquelle nous parviendrons plus tard, une fois que le compromis que nous sommes prêts à accepter pour l’instant aura été acquis. Les réactionnaires de tout poil défendront alors sans doute la formulation que nous nous apprêtons à adopter, comme ils le font maintenant pour la loi Veil ! L’histoire avance, les droits des femmes aussi. J’ajoute, madame Bordes, que ce ne sont pas des pays exotiques qui remettent en cause le droit à l’avortement : ce sont l’Italie, la Pologne, la Hongrie. Même à Andorre – dont [PERSONNE] est coprince ! – une militante sera jugée aujourd’hui pour avoir dénoncé l’interdiction de l’avortement. Si nous n’inscrivons pas le droit à l’avortement dans la Constitution aujourd’hui, alors que cela recueille une large majorité d’opinions favorables parmi les Français et les partis politiques, nous ne le ferons jamais."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon (GDR-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p506",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "506",
    "507",
    "508"
   ],
   "order": 506,
   "text": "L’amendement CL29 a le même objet que celui de Mme Panot. Notre groupe avait d’ailleurs soutenu la proposition de loi qu’elle avait défendue en 2022 reprenant la même formulation, qui nous semble complète et permettre un meilleur ancrage dans la Constitution. La mention de la contraception est importante car il apparaît que dans certains pays, c’est par la restriction du droit à la contraception que le droit à l’interruption de grossesse est attaqué Quant à l’amendement CL48, il propose d’utiliser au moins le terme « droit » plutôt que celui de « liberté ». Notre souhait est de rendre l’inscription du droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution la plus solide possible, afin que ce droit soit réellement garanti. J’ajoute qu’il doit l’être pour toute personne « en état de grossesse ». À nos collègues qui tiennent absolument à ce que figure le mot « femme », je voudrais rappeler que lors des débats sur l’écriture inclusive, on nous a expliqué que la dénomination « hommes » n’excluait pas du tout les femmes. Dans ce cas, pourquoi ne pas aujourd’hui utiliser aussi un terme générique, comme « personne en état de grossesse » ? Faudrait-il inscrire « les hommes en état de grossesse » pour que ce droit s’applique à tous… ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 211,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p506",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N2ce2a7b360a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL29 a le même objet que celui de Mme Panot. Notre groupe avait d’ailleurs soutenu la proposition de loi qu’elle avait défendue en 2022 reprenant la même formulation, qui nous semble complète et permettre un meilleur ancrage dans la Constitution. La mention de la contraception est importante car il apparaît que dans certains pays, c’est par la restriction du droit à la contraception que le droit à l’interruption de grossesse est attaqué Quant à l’amendement CL48, il propose d’utiliser au moins le terme « droit » plutôt que celui de « liberté ». Notre souhait est de rendre l’inscription du droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution la plus solide possible, afin que ce droit soit réellement garanti. J’ajoute qu’il doit l’être pour toute personne « en état de grossesse ». À nos collègues qui tiennent absolument à ce que figure le mot « femme », je voudrais rappeler que lors des débats sur l’écriture inclusive, on nous a expliqué que la dénomination « hommes » n’excluait pas du tout les femmes. Dans ce cas, pourquoi ne pas aujourd’hui utiliser aussi un terme générique, comme « personne en état de grossesse » ? Faudrait-il inscrire « les hommes en état de grossesse » pour que ce droit s’applique à tous… ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719146",
   "speaker": "Jean-Félix Acquaviva",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p509",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "509",
    "510"
   ],
   "order": 509,
   "text": "L’amendement CL98 reprend lui aussi la rédaction de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle adoptée par l’Assemblée nationale en novembre 2022, qui présente selon nous trois avantages. D’abord, introduire un article dédié renforce l’effectivité du droit, tandis qu’une inscription à l’article 34 de la Constitution n’exclut pas le risque que le législateur n’en restreigne l’exercice. Ensuite, nous privilégions la notion de droit à celle de liberté. Même si nous avons pris connaissance de l’avis du Conseil d’État, il nous semble que le choix de ce terme n’est pas anodin. Enfin, la notion d’égal accès est importante au regard des fractures entre nos territoires Nous adopterons néanmoins une attitude responsable : nous accepterons la première avancée qui nous est proposée.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 118,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p509",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nb451ba13b8e9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL98 reprend lui aussi la rédaction de la proposition de loi constitutionnelle adoptée par l’Assemblée nationale en novembre 2022, qui présente selon nous trois avantages. D’abord, introduire un article dédié renforce l’effectivité du droit, tandis qu’une inscription à l’article 34 de la Constitution n’exclut pas le risque que le législateur n’en restreigne l’exercice. Ensuite, nous privilégions la notion de droit à celle de liberté. Même si nous avons pris connaissance de l’avis du Conseil d’État, il nous semble que le choix de ce terme n’est pas anodin. Enfin, la notion d’égal accès est importante au regard des fractures entre nos territoires Nous adopterons néanmoins une attitude responsable : nous accepterons la première avancée qui nous est proposée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p511",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "511"
   ],
   "order": 511,
   "text": "L’amendement CL10 est un amendement de repli, les amendements de suppression ayant été rejetés. Nous proposons une rédaction englobant la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître, autrement dit la sauvegarde de la dignité humaine : ce n’est pas la liberté qui doit être garantie constitutionnellement, mais l’interruption volontaire de grossesse elle-même. Une telle formulation permet de conserver l’équilibre existant, là où la rédaction actuelle du texte affirme le droit de la femme au détriment de la protection de la vie à naître",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 88,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p511",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nc8bba838d4c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL10 est un amendement de repli, les amendements de suppression ayant été rejetés. Nous proposons une rédaction englobant la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître, autrement dit la sauvegarde de la dignité humaine : ce n’est pas la liberté qui doit être garantie constitutionnellement, mais l’interruption volontaire de grossesse elle-même. Une telle formulation permet de conserver l’équilibre existant, là où la rédaction actuelle du texte affirme le droit de la femme au détriment de la protection de la vie à naître"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p512",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "512"
   ],
   "order": 512,
   "text": "Si l’on constitutionnalise le droit à l’IVG, faisons-le en renvoyant vers la loi ordinaire pour lui donner un cadre juridique. Une formulation trop générique risque en effet de donner lieu à un débat juridique et de soulever des questions prioritaires de constitutionnalité : dès lors que l’IVG est un droit fondamental, les délais et clauses de conscience peuvent être remis en cause",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p512",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Na4a07944d718",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si l’on constitutionnalise le droit à l’IVG, faisons-le en renvoyant vers la loi ordinaire pour lui donner un cadre juridique. Une formulation trop générique risque en effet de donner lieu à un débat juridique et de soulever des questions prioritaires de constitutionnalité : dès lors que l’IVG est un droit fondamental, les délais et clauses de conscience peuvent être remis en cause"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p513",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "513"
   ],
   "order": 513,
   "text": "Il faut effectivement sécuriser sur le plan juridique la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG. L’inscription à l’article 34 n’est pas anodine : il est important que la capacité législative encadre et limite ce droit, afin que ne soit pas menacé l’équilibre avec l’autre principe à valeur constitutionnelle qu’est la protection de la vie",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p513",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Ndde451e3b72d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut effectivement sécuriser sur le plan juridique la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG. L’inscription à l’article 34 n’est pas anodine : il est important que la capacité législative encadre et limite ce droit, afin que ne soit pas menacé l’équilibre avec l’autre principe à valeur constitutionnelle qu’est la protection de la vie"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p514",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "514",
    "515",
    "516",
    "517"
   ],
   "order": 514,
   "text": "Mme Panot a utilisé le terme de compromis ; c’est effectivement à un compromis avec nos collègues sénateurs que nous travaillons. Certains des amendements qui viennent d’être défendus proposent de revenir à la rédaction de la proposition de loi de Mme Panot, soit dans sa version initiale, soit dans celle qui avait été adoptée en commission et en séance publique. D’autres, pour reprendre les mots de M. Gosselin, soulèvent la question de la sécurisation de cette liberté Il me semble plus opportun et sécurisant de reconnaître cette liberté à l’article 34 de la Constitution que dans un nouvel article 66-2. Le titre VIII, au sein duquel il serait ajouté, porte en effet sur l’autorité judiciaire. Y inscrire le droit à l’avortement, ce serait le renvoyer à ce qu’il était initialement : non pas une liberté mais une dérogation dans le code pénal, autrement dit une tolérance. Dans son avis, le Conseil d’État lui-même exprime une préférence pour l’article 34. J’en viens aux points soulevés par Mme Faucillon. Je voudrais d’abord souligner que le point de crispation majeur, s’agissant de la rédaction actuelle, concerne le maintien ou la suppression du terme « garantie ». Par ailleurs, le choix entre les termes « liberté » et « droit » ne me semble plus faire débat, dans la mesure où ils ont la même acception, comme le souligne le Conseil d’État. Enfin, je suis en désaccord s’agissant de l’emploi du mot « personne » au lieu du mot « femme » qui s’entend bien, selon moi, de façon inclusive. C’est d’ailleurs ce qu’affirme le Conseil d’État dans son avis : la liberté de recourir à l’avortement concerne « toute personne qui aurait débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France ». Je vous invite donc à retirer l’ensemble de vos amendements. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 317,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p514",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N4757bfe4151a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Mme Panot a utilisé le terme de compromis ; c’est effectivement à un compromis avec nos collègues sénateurs que nous travaillons. Certains des amendements qui viennent d’être défendus proposent de revenir à la rédaction de la proposition de loi de Mme Panot, soit dans sa version initiale, soit dans celle qui avait été adoptée en commission et en séance publique. D’autres, pour reprendre les mots de M. Gosselin, soulèvent la question de la sécurisation de cette liberté Il me semble plus opportun et sécurisant de reconnaître cette liberté à l’article 34 de la Constitution que dans un nouvel article 66-2. Le titre VIII, au sein duquel il serait ajouté, porte en effet sur l’autorité judiciaire. Y inscrire le droit à l’avortement, ce serait le renvoyer à ce qu’il était initialement : non pas une liberté mais une dérogation dans le code pénal, autrement dit une tolérance. Dans son avis, le Conseil d’État lui-même exprime une préférence pour l’article 34. J’en viens aux points soulevés par Mme Faucillon. Je voudrais d’abord souligner que le point de crispation majeur, s’agissant de la rédaction actuelle, concerne le maintien ou la suppression du terme « garantie ». Par ailleurs, le choix entre les termes « liberté » et « droit » ne me semble plus faire débat, dans la mesure où ils ont la même acception, comme le souligne le Conseil d’État. Enfin, je suis en désaccord s’agissant de l’emploi du mot « personne » au lieu du mot « femme » qui s’entend bien, selon moi, de façon inclusive. C’est d’ailleurs ce qu’affirme le Conseil d’État dans son avis : la liberté de recourir à l’avortement concerne « toute personne qui aurait débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France ». Je vous invite donc à retirer l’ensemble de vos amendements. À défaut, j’émettrai un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p518",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "518"
   ],
   "order": 518,
   "text": "L’amendement CL48 défendu par Mme Faucillon est similaire à un amendement que j’avais moi-même défendu lors de l’examen de la proposition de loi de Mme Panot. Je pense néanmoins, compte tenu du travail que nous avons réalisé et des différents échanges que nous avons eus depuis, que l’inscription du droit à l’avortement dans un nouvel article 66-2 aurait été une erreur. Son inscription à l’article 34, dans la formulation actuelle, permet d’atteindre un équilibre. Je ne suis pas d’accord, à cet égard, avec les propos tenus par Patrick Hetzel : la rédaction retenue place simplement un cliquet, empêchant tout retour en arrière. Il me semble que, parmi ceux qui affirment que le présent texte ne servirait à rien, certains ne sont pas encore convaincus, en réalité, de la nécessité de défendre et de garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Quoi qu’il en soit je voterai contre l’amendement de Mme Faucillon, considérant que nous sommes parvenus à une rédaction équilibrée et protectrice",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 162,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p518",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N5dc8c87be571",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JLV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL48 défendu par Mme Faucillon est similaire à un amendement que j’avais moi-même défendu lors de l’examen de la proposition de loi de Mme Panot. Je pense néanmoins, compte tenu du travail que nous avons réalisé et des différents échanges que nous avons eus depuis, que l’inscription du droit à l’avortement dans un nouvel article 66-2 aurait été une erreur. Son inscription à l’article 34, dans la formulation actuelle, permet d’atteindre un équilibre. Je ne suis pas d’accord, à cet égard, avec les propos tenus par [PERSONNE] : la rédaction retenue place simplement un cliquet, empêchant tout retour en arrière. Il me semble que, parmi ceux qui affirment que le présent texte ne servirait à rien, certains ne sont pas encore convaincus, en réalité, de la nécessité de défendre et de garantir la liberté de recourir à l’IVG. Quoi qu’il en soit je voterai contre l’amendement de Mme Faucillon, considérant que nous sommes parvenus à une rédaction équilibrée et protectrice"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p519",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "519",
    "520",
    "521"
   ],
   "order": 519,
   "text": "Je voudrais d’abord féliciter Mathilde Panot et Elsa Faucillon pour leur engagement sur ces questions. Je comprends leur souhait que nous débattions de la rédaction qui avait été votée par l’Assemblée nationale en novembre 2022. Néanmoins, le choix de l’article 34 me semble pertinent. Après les discussions qui se sont tenues tant à l’Assemblée qu’au Sénat, il est temps d’aboutir à une rédaction de compromis Sur l’utilisation du mot « femme » plutôt que « personne », l’avis du Conseil d’État est assez éclairant : il précise bien que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG pourra être acquise à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France. Il n’existe donc aucun obstacle à ce que le terme « femme » fasse l’objet d’une acception inclusive. Je voudrais dire enfin à notre collègue Xavier Breton que l’avis du Conseil d’État réaffirme clairement que la conciliation des différentes libertés est le rôle du juge constitutionnel. Il précise que « l’inscription de la liberté de recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution, dans les termes que propose le Gouvernement, ne remet pas en cause les autres droits et libertés que la Constitution garantit, tels que notamment la liberté de conscience qui sous-tend la liberté des médecins et sages-femmes de ne pas pratiquer une interruption volontaire de grossesse ». Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe Renaissance votera contre ces amendements.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 245,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p519",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N22b0a653f6b2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je voudrais d’abord féliciter [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] pour leur engagement sur ces questions. Je comprends leur souhait que nous débattions de la rédaction qui avait été votée par l’Assemblée nationale en novembre 2022. Néanmoins, le choix de l’article 34 me semble pertinent. Après les discussions qui se sont tenues tant à l’Assemblée qu’au Sénat, il est temps d’aboutir à une rédaction de compromis Sur l’utilisation du mot « femme » plutôt que « personne », l’avis du Conseil d’État est assez éclairant : il précise bien que la liberté de recourir à l’IVG pourra être acquise à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France. Il n’existe donc aucun obstacle à ce que le terme « femme » fasse l’objet d’une acception inclusive. Je voudrais dire enfin à notre collègue [PERSONNE] que l’avis du Conseil d’État réaffirme clairement que la conciliation des différentes libertés est le rôle du juge constitutionnel. Il précise que « l’inscription de la liberté de recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse dans la Constitution, dans les termes que propose le Gouvernement, ne remet pas en cause les autres droits et libertés que la Constitution garantit, tels que notamment la liberté de conscience qui sous-tend la liberté des médecins et sages-femmes de ne pas pratiquer une interruption volontaire de grossesse ». Pour toutes ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] votera contre ces amendements."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793844",
   "speaker": "Pascale Bordes",
   "quality": "Mme Pascale Bordes (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p522",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "522"
   ],
   "order": 522,
   "text": "Les amendements qui défendent l’utilisation du terme de « droit » à l’IVG renvoient invariablement à l’inconditionnalité de ce droit et à une obligation de résultat qui pèserait sur les services de l’État. Il ne faut surtout pas ouvrir cette boîte de Pandore, sans quoi tout devient possible : il y a quelques mois, certains de nos collègues ne se montraient pas choqués à l’idée qu’une IVG puisse être réalisée quasiment au terme de la grossesse. L’utilisation du mot « droit » ouvre aussi la voie à ce que l’avortement puisse être demandé non pas seulement par la femme mais aussi par son compagnon par exemple. Pour ces raisons, nous voterons contre ces amendements",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 114,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p522",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Na8abb7dc74f2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Les amendements qui défendent l’utilisation du terme de « droit » à l’IVG renvoient invariablement à l’inconditionnalité de ce droit et à une obligation de résultat qui pèserait sur les services de l’État. Il ne faut surtout pas ouvrir cette boîte de Pandore, sans quoi tout devient possible : il y a quelques mois, certains de nos collègues ne se montraient pas choqués à l’idée qu’une IVG puisse être réalisée quasiment au terme de la grossesse. L’utilisation du mot « droit » ouvre aussi la voie à ce que l’avortement puisse être demandé non pas seulement par la femme mais aussi par son compagnon par exemple. Pour ces raisons, nous voterons contre ces amendements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607619",
   "speaker": "Paul Molac",
   "quality": "M. Paul Molac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p523",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "523"
   ],
   "order": 523,
   "text": "L’expression « dans les conditions fixées par la loi », défendue par nos collègues du groupe Les Républicains, risque d’affaiblir considérablement le droit à l’IVG. Il n’est pas exclu en effet qu’à l’avenir, la loi ordinaire encadre ce droit jusqu’à le rendre inapplicable. C’est ainsi par exemple que les collectivités locales, censées s’administrer librement dans les conditions prévues par la loi selon l’article 34 de la Constitution, ne disposent en réalité d’aucune autonomie fiscale ou administrative",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p523",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N039e015089a4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’expression « dans les conditions fixées par la loi », défendue par nos collègues du groupe [GROUPE], risque d’affaiblir considérablement le droit à l’IVG. Il n’est pas exclu en effet qu’à l’avenir, la loi ordinaire encadre ce droit jusqu’à le rendre inapplicable. C’est ainsi par exemple que les collectivités locales, censées s’administrer librement dans les conditions prévues par la loi selon l’article 34 de la Constitution, ne disposent en réalité d’aucune autonomie fiscale ou administrative"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794022",
   "speaker": "Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "quality": "M. Jérémie Iordanoff (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p524",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "524",
    "525"
   ],
   "order": 524,
   "text": "À entendre certains discours, j’ai l’impression que ce n’est pas la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG qui est attaquée, mais l’IVG en elle-même. Les amendements qui proposent de rouvrir le débat sur la formulation qu’avait proposée Mme Panot en novembre 2022 sont importants pour bien fixer la position de chacun Ce qui nous est proposé aujourd’hui, c’est une rédaction d’équilibre. Or un équilibre ne vaut que s’il est respecté des deux côtés : il ne faudrait pas que le texte issu de nos travaux soit ensuite affaibli par le Sénat. Si un compromis est trouvé, il devra faire l’objet d’un accord. Rappelons l’objectif de départ : il s’agit de garantir à toute personne le droit à l’IVG et à la contraception, et de faire en sorte qu’il ne puisse jamais y avoir de régression. En refusant un compromis, nos collègues de droite adoptent une attitude irresponsable, en contradiction avec les propos qu’ils ont tenus publiquement sur la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 158,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p524",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N1586a154aef3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "À entendre certains discours, j’ai l’impression que ce n’est pas la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG qui est attaquée, mais l’IVG en elle-même. Les amendements qui proposent de rouvrir le débat sur la formulation qu’avait proposée Mme Panot en novembre 2022 sont importants pour bien fixer la position de chacun Ce qui nous est proposé aujourd’hui, c’est une rédaction d’équilibre. Or un équilibre ne vaut que s’il est respecté des deux côtés : il ne faudrait pas que le texte issu de nos travaux soit ensuite affaibli par le Sénat. Si un compromis est trouvé, il devra faire l’objet d’un accord. Rappelons l’objectif de départ : il s’agit de garantir à toute personne le droit à l’IVG et à la contraception, et de faire en sorte qu’il ne puisse jamais y avoir de régression. En refusant un compromis, nos collègues de droite adoptent une attitude irresponsable, en contradiction avec les propos qu’ils ont tenus publiquement sur la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p526",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "526"
   ],
   "order": 526,
   "text": "À quoi renvoie exactement le mot « femme » qui figure au deuxième alinéa de l’article unique du projet de loi ? On peut imaginer une définition juridique, ou affective, ou littéraire… Alors que certains veulent remettre en cause la distinction entre les sexes, il faut dire clairement que ce terme renvoie à l’état civil, lequel fournit la seule définition qui existe dans notre droit",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p526",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Ndfad0f10481d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "À quoi renvoie exactement le mot « femme » qui figure au deuxième alinéa de l’article unique du projet de loi ? On peut imaginer une définition juridique, ou affective, ou littéraire… Alors que certains veulent remettre en cause la distinction entre les sexes, il faut dire clairement que ce terme renvoie à l’état civil, lequel fournit la seule définition qui existe dans notre droit"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA342415",
   "speaker": "Marie-Noëlle Battistel",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Noëlle Battistel (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p527",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "527"
   ],
   "order": 527,
   "text": "Ce débat est très intéressant. Nous-mêmes socialistes avons déposé en octobre 2022 une proposition de loi sénatoriale rejoignant la rédaction proposée par Mmes Panot et Faucillon. Le texte qui nous est soumis n’est pas totalement satisfaisant : nous aurions aimé que le droit soit plus clairement réaffirmé, qu’il intègre la contraception et, point essentiel, qu’il figure à l’article premier de la Constitution. Nous nous sommes cependant résolus à ne pas déposer d’amendements car nous sommes soucieux de trouver un compromis, considérant que le vote du texte doit absolument aboutir : des millions des femmes l’attendent, en France mais aussi à l’étranger",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p527",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nb6fa4a5f043c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ce débat est très intéressant. Nous-mêmes socialistes avons déposé en octobre 2022 une proposition de loi sénatoriale rejoignant la rédaction proposée par Mmes Panot et Faucillon. Le texte qui nous est soumis n’est pas totalement satisfaisant : nous aurions aimé que le droit soit plus clairement réaffirmé, qu’il intègre la contraception et, point essentiel, qu’il figure à l’article premier de la Constitution. Nous nous sommes cependant résolus à ne pas déposer d’amendements car nous sommes soucieux de trouver un compromis, considérant que le vote du texte doit absolument aboutir : des millions des femmes l’attendent, en France mais aussi à l’étranger"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p528",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "528",
    "529",
    "530"
   ],
   "order": 528,
   "text": "Dans leur grande majorité, les députés et les sénateurs du groupe Les Républicains soutiennent le compromis proposé. Il ne me semble donc pas utile de soulever des problèmes là où il n’y en a pas. Il est vrai, en revanche, que nous disposons au sein de notre groupe de la liberté de vote J’ajoute que nos débats ont une valeur interprétative et seront lus en cas de contentieux. Il faut donc que nous puissions poser toutes les questions nécessaires, s’agissant d’un sujet aussi fondamental que la modification de notre Constitution. Le respect de l’équilibre trouvé par la loi Veil est important. Jusqu’à quatorze semaines de grossesse, le droit de la femme l’emporte ; au-delà, notre responsabilité collective est de faire en sorte que soient respectés l’enfant à naître et la dignité humaine. Ces débats ne peuvent pas être éludés. Les amendements CL96 et CL98 sont retirés.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL96 de Mme Mathilde Panot, CL29 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot, CL48 de Mme Elsa Faucillon, CL98 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva ; amendements identiques CL10 de M. Xavier Breton, CL64 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL80 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p528",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N2f356d65af02",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Dans leur grande majorité, les députés et les sénateurs du groupe [GROUPE] soutiennent le compromis proposé. Il ne me semble donc pas utile de soulever des problèmes là où il n’y en a pas. Il est vrai, en revanche, que nous disposons au sein de notre groupe de la liberté de vote J’ajoute que nos débats ont une valeur interprétative et seront lus en cas de contentieux. Il faut donc que nous puissions poser toutes les questions nécessaires, s’agissant d’un sujet aussi fondamental que la modification de notre Constitution. Le respect de l’équilibre trouvé par la loi Veil est important. Jusqu’à quatorze semaines de grossesse, le droit de la femme l’emporte ; au-delà, notre responsabilité collective est de faire en sorte que soient respectés l’enfant à naître et la dignité humaine. Ces débats ne peuvent pas être éludés. Les amendements CL96 et CL98 sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p533",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "533",
    "534",
    "535"
   ],
   "order": 533,
   "text": "Le terme de « garantie » que vous utilisez engendre certaines incertitudes. Cette garantie serait-elle relative ou absolue ? Cette formulation pourrait remettre en cause l’équilibre trouvé par la loi Veil, qui a prévu un encadrement éthique de cette liberté. De fait, toute liberté a ses conditions et ses limites Il semble donc judicieux de compléter l’alinéa 2 en prévoyant également des limites. C’est, en effet, en réglementant au quotidien l’usage des libertés que la loi peut garantir à tous le même usage des mêmes droits, et c’est précisément ce qui caractérise l’État de droit. En l’espèce, il faut déterminer par la loi une limite temporelle et une limite liée au respect de la clause de conscience, notamment des médecins. Il faut aussi maintenir une distinction entre l’interruption volontaire et l’interruption thérapeutique de grossesse.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 134,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p533",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N63e55c0d7d60",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le terme de « garantie » que vous utilisez engendre certaines incertitudes. Cette garantie serait-elle relative ou absolue ? Cette formulation pourrait remettre en cause l’équilibre trouvé par la loi Veil, qui a prévu un encadrement éthique de cette liberté. De fait, toute liberté a ses conditions et ses limites Il semble donc judicieux de compléter l’alinéa 2 en prévoyant également des limites. C’est, en effet, en réglementant au quotidien l’usage des libertés que la loi peut garantir à tous le même usage des mêmes droits, et c’est précisément ce qui caractérise l’État de droit. En l’espèce, il faut déterminer par la loi une limite temporelle et une limite liée au respect de la clause de conscience, notamment des médecins. Il faut aussi maintenir une distinction entre l’interruption volontaire et l’interruption thérapeutique de grossesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p536",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "536"
   ],
   "order": 536,
   "text": "Il faut en effet déterminer une limite temporelle, comme cela a été rappelé plusieurs fois, ainsi qu’une limite liée au respect de la clause de conscience des médecins. Il faut également maintenir la distinction entre l’interruption volontaire et l’interruption thérapeutique. Or, avec la rédaction qui nous est proposée, ces questions semblent se trouver dans un angle mort",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p536",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N17f71d0fbe58",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut en effet déterminer une limite temporelle, comme cela a été rappelé plusieurs fois, ainsi qu’une limite liée au respect de la clause de conscience des médecins. Il faut également maintenir la distinction entre l’interruption volontaire et l’interruption thérapeutique. Or, avec la rédaction qui nous est proposée, ces questions semblent se trouver dans un angle mort"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p538",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "538",
    "539",
    "540",
    "541"
   ],
   "order": 538,
   "text": "La rédaction proposée par ces amendements apporterait plus d’ambiguïtés que de réponses. Elle pourrait amener à penser que le législateur pourrait – voire devrait – introduire demain des régressions, voire des restrictions au droit à l’avortement tel qu’il est défini par notre dispositif législatif Votre demande – que le législateur soit compétent pour fixer les conditions de l’exercice de cette liberté – est satisfaite par la rédaction du projet de loi. C’est du reste ce que rappelle clairement le point 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, selon lequel « cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites […], sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel. » Par ailleurs, comme cela a été dit à plusieurs reprises, cette rédaction ne remet aucunement en question la liberté de conscience ni la clause de conscience, car elle ne change rien aux autres libertés reconnues par notre Constitution ou par la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, ni au dispositif législatif actuel. Je demande donc le retrait de ces amendements. À défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 190,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p538",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N891771c6efd2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La rédaction proposée par ces amendements apporterait plus d’ambiguïtés que de réponses. Elle pourrait amener à penser que le législateur pourrait – voire devrait – introduire demain des régressions, voire des restrictions au droit à l’avortement tel qu’il est défini par notre dispositif législatif Votre demande – que le législateur soit compétent pour fixer les conditions de l’exercice de cette liberté – est satisfaite par la rédaction du projet de loi. C’est du reste ce que rappelle clairement le point 12 de l’avis du Conseil d’État, selon lequel « cette rédaction, comme le souhaite le Gouvernement, laisse au législateur la possibilité de faire évoluer le cadre juridique dans lequel s’exerce cette liberté, en en fixant les garanties et les limites […], sous le contrôle du Conseil constitutionnel. » Par ailleurs, comme cela a été dit à plusieurs reprises, cette rédaction ne remet aucunement en question la liberté de conscience ni la clause de conscience, car elle ne change rien aux autres libertés reconnues par notre Constitution ou par la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, ni au dispositif législatif actuel. Je demande donc le retrait de ces amendements. À défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795746",
   "speaker": "Antoine Léaument",
   "quality": "M. Antoine Léaument (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p542",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "542"
   ],
   "order": 542,
   "text": "Pourquoi donc vouloir ajouter ce mot de « limites » ? Pourquoi inscrire dans la Constitution ce que la loi fait déjà ? L’inscription dans la Constitution du droit à l’IVG est une manière de garantir la liberté d’accès à celle-ci. Y inscrire aussi le mot « limites » alors que la loi les prévoit déjà, puisqu’elle définit le cadre qui s’applique, ne garantit plus du tout le droit à l’IVG et ouvre plutôt la porte à sa remise en cause par la loi. Nous nous opposerons donc à ces amendements",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 91,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p542",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N70dd18b54a65",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pourquoi donc vouloir ajouter ce mot de « limites » ? Pourquoi inscrire dans la Constitution ce que la loi fait déjà ? L’inscription dans la Constitution du droit à l’IVG est une manière de garantir la liberté d’accès à celle-ci. Y inscrire aussi le mot « limites » alors que la loi les prévoit déjà, puisqu’elle définit le cadre qui s’applique, ne garantit plus du tout le droit à l’IVG et ouvre plutôt la porte à sa remise en cause par la loi. Nous nous opposerons donc à ces amendements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p543",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "543",
    "544"
   ],
   "order": 543,
   "text": "Le terme de « conditions » qui figure dans le texte satisfait pleinement ces amendements. Par ailleurs, comme cela a déjà été dit à plusieurs reprises, le rôle du juge constitutionnel sera de concilier les différentes libertés. Il a, du reste, expressément indiqué qu’il n’y avait aucune difficulté pour concilier la liberté de recourir à l’IVG avec la liberté de conscience En outre, étant donné qu’aucune de nos libertés, même la liberté d’expression, n’est sans limites, à l’exception peut-être de la liberté de conscience, quel intérêt y aurait-il à écrire qu’il existe une limite à la liberté de recourir à l’IVG – et à elle seule ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 107,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p543",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N391436fa2d1e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le terme de « conditions » qui figure dans le texte satisfait pleinement ces amendements. Par ailleurs, comme cela a déjà été dit à plusieurs reprises, le rôle du juge constitutionnel sera de concilier les différentes libertés. Il a, du reste, expressément indiqué qu’il n’y avait aucune difficulté pour concilier la liberté de recourir à l’IVG avec la liberté de conscience En outre, étant donné qu’aucune de nos libertés, même la liberté d’expression, n’est sans limites, à l’exception peut-être de la liberté de conscience, quel intérêt y aurait-il à écrire qu’il existe une limite à la liberté de recourir à l’IVG – et à elle seule ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p545",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "545"
   ],
   "order": 545,
   "text": "Permettez-moi une question très concrète. Prenons l’exemple d’une femme qui, à douze semaines de grossesse, décide d’avorter. Elle se rend chez un médecin qui, invoquant la clause de conscience, refuse de procéder à l’IVG et l’oriente vers un autre médecin. Intervient alors un principe de réalité : il est possible que cette femme n’ait pas effectivement accès à l’IVG dans le délai légal de quatorze semaines. Peut-elle alors invoquer le fait que la liberté qui est censée lui être garantie par la Constitution n’a pas été effective et attaquer la décision de ne pas procéder à l’avortement ? Quelle sera la position du juge, si c’est une disposition légale qui l’a privée de ce droit ? Je crains la jurisprudence qui pourrait être ainsi engendrée",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 125,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p545",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N156ed25d9e81",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Permettez-moi une question très concrète. Prenons l’exemple d’une femme qui, à douze semaines de grossesse, décide d’avorter. Elle se rend chez un médecin qui, invoquant la clause de conscience, refuse de procéder à l’IVG et l’oriente vers un autre médecin. Intervient alors un principe de réalité : il est possible que cette femme n’ait pas effectivement accès à l’IVG dans le délai légal de quatorze semaines. Peut-elle alors invoquer le fait que la liberté qui est censée lui être garantie par la Constitution n’a pas été effective et attaquer la décision de ne pas procéder à l’avortement ? Quelle sera la position du juge, si c’est une disposition légale qui l’a privée de ce droit ? Je crains la jurisprudence qui pourrait être ainsi engendrée"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p546",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "546"
   ],
   "order": 546,
   "text": "La notion de « conditions » peut assurément intégrer celle de « limites », mais l’intervention de notre collègue Léaument montre qu’il s’agit de tout autre chose : selon lui, il ne devrait y avoir aucune limite à une liberté absolue, totale, de la femme. Or, comme l’a rappelé le garde des sceaux, ce droit de la femme n’est pas absolu : il doit être concilié avec celui de la protection de la vie à naître. Comme toute liberté, celle-ci aussi est limitée et il importe de bien préciser que la notion de conditions englobe aussi celle de limites",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p546",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N83a4cf5bb024",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La notion de « conditions » peut assurément intégrer celle de « limites », mais l’intervention de notre collègue Léaument montre qu’il s’agit de tout autre chose : selon lui, il ne devrait y avoir aucune limite à une liberté absolue, totale, de la femme. Or, comme l’a rappelé le garde des sceaux, ce droit de la femme n’est pas absolu : il doit être concilié avec celui de la protection de la vie à naître. Comme toute liberté, celle-ci aussi est limitée et il importe de bien préciser que la notion de conditions englobe aussi celle de limites"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p547",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "547"
   ],
   "order": 547,
   "text": "N’oublions pas le principe de la hiérarchie des normes, qui prévaut dans notre droit : alors que l’IVG sera inscrite dans la loi fondamentale, la clause de conscience, quant à elle, relèvera de la loi ordinaire. N’y a-t-il pas là un risque en cas de contentieux, dans le cadre par exemple d’une question prioritaire de constitutionnalité ? C’est la raison pour laquelle nous voulons associer les termes de conditions et de limites",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p547",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nd584625ae8b0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "N’oublions pas le principe de la hiérarchie des normes, qui prévaut dans notre droit : alors que l’IVG sera inscrite dans la loi fondamentale, la clause de conscience, quant à elle, relèvera de la loi ordinaire. N’y a-t-il pas là un risque en cas de contentieux, dans le cadre par exemple d’une question prioritaire de constitutionnalité ? C’est la raison pour laquelle nous voulons associer les termes de conditions et de limites"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795410",
   "speaker": "Béatrice Roullaud",
   "quality": "Mme Béatrice Roullaud (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p548",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "548",
    "549"
   ],
   "order": 548,
   "text": "Je souscris au sens et à l’esprit de ces amendements, mais la rédaction qu’ils proposent ne permettra pas d’atteindre l’objectif, car la loi évolue. Pourtant, il faut bien fixer des limites dans le temps car, à défaut, il pourrait devenir possible d’avorter jusqu’à neuf mois de grossesse et je ne suis pas certaine que cela soit le souhait de la plupart des gens. En outre, faute d’inscrire des limites et de rappeler la clause de conscience, certains médecins se trouveront obligés de pratiquer l’avortement Quoi qu’il en soit, je m’abstiendrai sur ces amendements en raison de leur rédaction. Renvoyer à la loi ne garantit en rien les autres libertés que vous voulez garantir : la liberté de conscience et la liberté du droit à naître. Une rédaction plus précise s’impose.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 130,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p548",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N5455ae10952a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Je souscris au sens et à l’esprit de ces amendements, mais la rédaction qu’ils proposent ne permettra pas d’atteindre l’objectif, car la loi évolue. Pourtant, il faut bien fixer des limites dans le temps car, à défaut, il pourrait devenir possible d’avorter jusqu’à neuf mois de grossesse et je ne suis pas certaine que cela soit le souhait de la plupart des gens. En outre, faute d’inscrire des limites et de rappeler la clause de conscience, certains médecins se trouveront obligés de pratiquer l’avortement Quoi qu’il en soit, je m’abstiendrai sur ces amendements en raison de leur rédaction. Renvoyer à la loi ne garantit en rien les autres libertés que vous voulez garantir : la liberté de conscience et la liberté du droit à naître. Une rédaction plus précise s’impose."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794022",
   "speaker": "Jérémie Iordanoff",
   "quality": "M. Jérémie Iordanoff (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p550",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "550"
   ],
   "order": 550,
   "text": "Ces amendements sont un exemple typique de mauvaise foi. Les libertés sont toujours limitées. La Constitution énonce des libertés, des garanties et des droits dont les limites sont les autres libertés, les autres garanties et les autres droits. Vous voudriez qu’une liberté soit limitée alors que les autres ne le sont pas ? On voit bien là votre intention de ne pas constitutionnaliser l’IVG. Ne recourez pas à des arguties qui n’ont aucune place dans ce débat, relisez plutôt la Constitution : une liberté est une liberté, et elle a pour limites les autres libertés",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p550",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nea8dac12b282",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements sont un exemple typique de mauvaise foi. Les libertés sont toujours limitées. La Constitution énonce des libertés, des garanties et des droits dont les limites sont les autres libertés, les autres garanties et les autres droits. Vous voudriez qu’une liberté soit limitée alors que les autres ne le sont pas ? On voit bien là votre intention de ne pas constitutionnaliser l’IVG. Ne recourez pas à des arguties qui n’ont aucune place dans ce débat, relisez plutôt la Constitution : une liberté est une liberté, et elle a pour limites les autres libertés"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p551",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "551",
    "552",
    "553"
   ],
   "order": 551,
   "text": "Madame Bonnivard a mis très justement en avant un argument avancé hier par le garde des sceaux. Le projet de loi ne crée pas un droit opposable. Il ne change pas le cadre législatif existant, qui n’en prévoit pas. Dans le cas d’espèce qui a été évoqué, la personne concernée pourrait se retourner, le cas échéant, contre le professionnel de santé pour défaut d’information et de conseil. En effet, un professionnel invoquant sa liberté de conscience doit apporter conseil et information afin de permettre à la patiente de trouver un autre professionnel pour pratiquer l’avortement Par ailleurs, M. Breton a raison de souligner qu’aucune liberté n’est absolue. Enfin, monsieur Hetzel, la clause de conscience est déjà protégée, puisqu’elle s’appuie sur une liberté reconnue par la Constitution : la liberté de conscience. Ce n’est pas le cas pour le droit à l’avortement, que nous élevons donc au niveau constitutionnel.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL3 de M. Xavier Breton, CL57 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL73 de M. Philippe Gosselin",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p551",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N638e496d1d11",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Bonnivard a mis très justement en avant un argument avancé hier par le garde des sceaux. Le projet de loi ne crée pas un droit opposable. Il ne change pas le cadre législatif existant, qui n’en prévoit pas. Dans le cas d’espèce qui a été évoqué, la personne concernée pourrait se retourner, le cas échéant, contre le professionnel de santé pour défaut d’information et de conseil. En effet, un professionnel invoquant sa liberté de conscience doit apporter conseil et information afin de permettre à la patiente de trouver un autre professionnel pour pratiquer l’avortement Par ailleurs, M. Breton a raison de souligner qu’aucune liberté n’est absolue. Enfin, monsieur Hetzel, la clause de conscience est déjà protégée, puisqu’elle s’appuie sur une liberté reconnue par la Constitution : la liberté de conscience. Ce n’est pas le cas pour le droit à l’avortement, que nous élevons donc au niveau constitutionnel."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607619",
   "speaker": "Paul Molac",
   "quality": "M. Paul Molac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p557",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "557",
    "558"
   ],
   "order": 557,
   "text": "L’amendement CL99 vise à inscrire dans notre Constitution un « droit » à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, plutôt qu’une « liberté garantie à la femme », selon la formule choisie par le Gouvernement Le Conseil d’État, dans son avis sur le texte, rappelle qu’il n’y a pas de différence juridique en la matière entre droit et liberté. Toutefois, lorsqu’on modifie la Constitution, le choix des mots a son importance. Un droit est une garantie réelle offerte à une personne, à la différence d’une liberté, qui renvoie à l’idée d’une faculté. Le Conseil constitutionnel a, du reste, lui-même utilisé ce terme en évoquant le « droit de recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse » dans sa décision du 16 mars 2017 sur la loi relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p557",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nfb78ed916ccd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL99 vise à inscrire dans notre Constitution un « droit » à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse, plutôt qu’une « liberté garantie à la femme », selon la formule choisie par le Gouvernement Le Conseil d’État, dans son avis sur le texte, rappelle qu’il n’y a pas de différence juridique en la matière entre droit et liberté. Toutefois, lorsqu’on modifie la Constitution, le choix des mots a son importance. Un droit est une garantie réelle offerte à une personne, à la différence d’une liberté, qui renvoie à l’idée d’une faculté. Le Conseil constitutionnel a, du reste, lui-même utilisé ce terme en évoquant le « droit de recourir à une interruption volontaire de grossesse » dans sa décision du 16 mars 2017 sur la loi relative à l’extension du délit d’entrave à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721896",
   "speaker": "Elsa Faucillon",
   "quality": "Mme Elsa Faucillon (GDR-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p559",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "559",
    "560"
   ],
   "order": 559,
   "text": "Les amendements CL31 et CL30 tendent à remplacer le terme de « femme » par « personne en état de grossesse ». Je me satisfais de votre réponse de tout à l’heure, monsieur le rapporteur, selon laquelle aucun des mots « homme » ou « femme » n’exclut personne. Je dois même dire que j’aime bien votre monde ! Mais admettez que lorsqu’on écrit « les femmes naissent libres et égales en droits », tout le monde n’en conclut pas encore que cela concerne aussi tous les hommes. Ce monde est aujourd’hui en germe, il pousse dans toute la société, mais de nombreuses résistances et réactions s’opposent à son éclosion. Il nous semble donc important d’inscrire à cet endroit du texte qu’il s’applique à toute personne en état de grossesse Tous ceux qui se sont opposés à cette modification ne sont pas des réactionnaires, même si c’est le cas pour une bonne part d’entre eux : certains craignent que la disparition du mot « femme » laisse penser que des pressions pourraient s’exercer de la part de tiers sur les choix en matière d’IVG. Mais la formulation actuelle écarte cette hypothèse. Je me demande donc si la volonté de compromis qui est à l’œuvre sur ce texte ne repose pas sur un manque de transparence : ne serait-il pas préférable d’aller au bout de la démarche et d’écrire que la garantie s’applique à « toute personne en état de grossesse », plutôt qu’aux seules femmes ?",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 246,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p559",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N3fb9247cb7b3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les amendements CL31 et CL30 tendent à remplacer le terme de « femme » par « personne en état de grossesse ». Je me satisfais de votre réponse de tout à l’heure, monsieur le rapporteur, selon laquelle aucun des mots « homme » ou « femme » n’exclut personne. Je dois même dire que j’aime bien votre monde ! Mais admettez que lorsqu’on écrit « les femmes naissent libres et égales en droits », tout le monde n’en conclut pas encore que cela concerne aussi tous les hommes. Ce monde est aujourd’hui en germe, il pousse dans toute la société, mais de nombreuses résistances et réactions s’opposent à son éclosion. Il nous semble donc important d’inscrire à cet endroit du texte qu’il s’applique à toute personne en état de grossesse Tous ceux qui se sont opposés à cette modification ne sont pas des réactionnaires, même si c’est le cas pour une bonne part d’entre eux : certains craignent que la disparition du mot « femme » laisse penser que des pressions pourraient s’exercer de la part de tiers sur les choix en matière d’IVG. Mais la formulation actuelle écarte cette hypothèse. Je me demande donc si la volonté de compromis qui est à l’œuvre sur ce texte ne repose pas sur un manque de transparence : ne serait-il pas préférable d’aller au bout de la démarche et d’écrire que la garantie s’applique à « toute personne en état de grossesse », plutôt qu’aux seules femmes ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p561",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "561"
   ],
   "order": 561,
   "text": "L’amendement CL97 prendra tout son sens lors de l’examen du texte en séance publique, où il importera de rappeler l’avis du Conseil d’État selon lequel la liberté – ou le droit – que nous inscririons dans la Constitution s’appliquerait à « toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse ». Nous proposons donc de remplacer « à la femme » par « aux personnes », mais il s’agit surtout de faire entendre dans l’hémicycle une parole forte de la part du rapporteur et du ministre. Pour l’instant, je retire donc l’amendement",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 89,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p561",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N2cc9ee81d3eb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL97 prendra tout son sens lors de l’examen du texte en séance publique, où il importera de rappeler l’avis du Conseil d’État selon lequel la liberté – ou le droit – que nous inscririons dans la Constitution s’appliquerait à « toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse ». Nous proposons donc de remplacer « à la femme » par « aux personnes », mais il s’agit surtout de faire entendre dans l’hémicycle une parole forte de la part du rapporteur et du ministre. Pour l’instant, je retire donc l’amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p562",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "562",
    "563",
    "564",
    "565",
    "566"
   ],
   "order": 562,
   "text": "Ces amendements portent sur des notions majeures. Pour ce qui est de remplacer « liberté » par « droit », comme je l’ai déjà dit, l’acception est la même. Du reste, l’article 34 renvoie souvent à des libertés : libre administration des collectivités territoriales, liberté des médias, exercice des libertés publiques… Ensuite, le mot « garantie », évoqué lors de toutes les auditions auxquelles nous avons procédé, est un élément majeur pour créer ce bouclier protecteur non régressif que nous voulons. Il n’y a donc pas lieu de le retirer. Pour ce qui est, enfin, du mot « femme », je pense, madame Faucillon, que nous partageons un combat pour le même monde. Mais, comme pour le mot « garantie », retirer le mot « femme » ne pourrait-il pas être considéré comme une volonté de les invisibiliser, ou de laisser penser que ce mot renvoie encore à une conception exclusive ? Je pense qu’il faut conserver ce terme qui fait entrer dans notre Constitution le corps des femmes. Il s’agirait ainsi d’actualiser notre contrat social sans retirer pour autant le moindre droit à toute personne qui entamerait une grossesse et souhaiterait recourir à l’IVG. L’amendement de Mme la présidente Panot sera effectivement important en séance, où il permettra d’entendre, plus encore que ma propre réponse, celle du Gouvernement, qui s’appuiera sur l’avis du Conseil d’État, très clair à cet égard. Je demande donc le retrait de ces amendements, ou l’avis sera défavorable.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 243,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p562",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N139b24fc7ceb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Ces amendements portent sur des notions majeures. Pour ce qui est de remplacer « liberté » par « droit », comme je l’ai déjà dit, l’acception est la même. Du reste, l’article 34 renvoie souvent à des libertés : libre administration des collectivités territoriales, liberté des médias, exercice des libertés publiques… Ensuite, le mot « garantie », évoqué lors de toutes les auditions auxquelles nous avons procédé, est un élément majeur pour créer ce bouclier protecteur non régressif que nous voulons. Il n’y a donc pas lieu de le retirer. Pour ce qui est, enfin, du mot « femme », je pense, madame Faucillon, que nous partageons un combat pour le même monde. Mais, comme pour le mot « garantie », retirer le mot « femme » ne pourrait-il pas être considéré comme une volonté de les invisibiliser, ou de laisser penser que ce mot renvoie encore à une conception exclusive ? Je pense qu’il faut conserver ce terme qui fait entrer dans notre Constitution le corps des femmes. Il s’agirait ainsi d’actualiser notre contrat social sans retirer pour autant le moindre droit à toute personne qui entamerait une grossesse et souhaiterait recourir à l’IVG. L’amendement de Mme la présidente Panot sera effectivement important en séance, où il permettra d’entendre, plus encore que ma propre réponse, celle du Gouvernement, qui s’appuiera sur l’avis du Conseil d’État, très clair à cet égard. Je demande donc le retrait de ces amendements, ou l’avis sera défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Riotton (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p567",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "567"
   ],
   "order": 567,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez répondu en droit, en citant notamment l’avis du Conseil d’État. Mais l’on peut simplement affirmer sans hésiter que l’avortement s’adresse aux femmes, et que le droit que nous cherchons à rendre constitutionnel pour elles s’appliquera donc à toutes les personnes concernées",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p567",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N2945e46eca67",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, vous avez répondu en droit, en citant notamment l’avis du Conseil d’État. Mais l’on peut simplement affirmer sans hésiter que l’avortement s’adresse aux femmes, et que le droit que nous cherchons à rendre constitutionnel pour elles s’appliquera donc à toutes les personnes concernées"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p568",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "568"
   ],
   "order": 568,
   "text": "Il ne faut pas tourner autour du pot : le mot « femme » qui figure dans le texte renvoie-t-il, oui ou non, à la seule définition juridique qui en existe à ce jour dans notre droit, à savoir la distinction de sexe à l’état civil ? Il me semble dans votre esprit que non, mais alors donnez-nous la nouvelle définition ! Ici, nous faisons du droit et les mots que nous inscrirons dans la Constitution sont importants. Il n’y a pas de place pour le flou ou l’à-peu-près. Une femme, c’est une femme ! Si c’est le mot que vous choisissez, il répond à la seule définition connue en droit",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 111,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p568",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N87d04a86f701",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne faut pas tourner autour du pot : le mot « femme » qui figure dans le texte renvoie-t-il, oui ou non, à la seule définition juridique qui en existe à ce jour dans notre droit, à savoir la distinction de sexe à l’état civil ? Il me semble dans votre esprit que non, mais alors donnez-nous la nouvelle définition ! Ici, nous faisons du droit et les mots que nous inscrirons dans la Constitution sont importants. Il n’y a pas de place pour le flou ou l’à-peu-près. Une femme, c’est une femme ! Si c’est le mot que vous choisissez, il répond à la seule définition connue en droit"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p569",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "569",
    "570",
    "571"
   ],
   "order": 569,
   "text": "Monsieur Breton, au risque de vous heurter, je rappelle qu’il arrive que des femmes, nées femmes, décident un jour de devenir des hommes pour l’état civil, ce qui est aujourd’hui possible. Ainsi, dans le Finistère, une femme devenue homme s’est trouvée enceinte. Un homme enceint ! Aussi bizarre que cela puisse vous paraître, c’est une réalité : cette femme biologique enceinte était un homme pour l’état civil Ne tournons pas autour du pot : nous parlons bien de la femme biologique. Il est physiologiquement impossible à un homme devenu femme d’être enceinte. Arrêtez donc de vous faire des nœuds au cerveau pour rien ! Lors de l’examen de l’ancienne proposition de loi, nous avions adopté une rédaction plus large, moins discriminante et peut-être plus solide sur ce point. Mais puisque nous sommes dans la perspective d’un compromis, avançons !",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 139,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p569",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N03d3349aebb1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Breton, au risque de vous heurter, je rappelle qu’il arrive que des femmes, nées femmes, décident un jour de devenir des hommes pour l’état civil, ce qui est aujourd’hui possible. Ainsi, dans le Finistère, une femme devenue homme s’est trouvée enceinte. Un homme enceint ! Aussi bizarre que cela puisse vous paraître, c’est une réalité : cette femme biologique enceinte était un homme pour l’état civil Ne tournons pas autour du pot : nous parlons bien de la femme biologique. Il est physiologiquement impossible à un homme devenu femme d’être enceinte. Arrêtez donc de vous faire des nœuds au cerveau pour rien ! Lors de l’examen de l’ancienne proposition de loi, nous avions adopté une rédaction plus large, moins discriminante et peut-être plus solide sur ce point. Mais puisque nous sommes dans la perspective d’un compromis, avançons !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p572",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "572",
    "573"
   ],
   "order": 572,
   "text": "Monsieur Breton, vous semblez plus attaché à la définition du mot « femme » qu’à celle du mot « homme », mais je rappelle que, dans la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, ce dernier terme désigne toute personne. Il en est de même ici pour le mot « femme ». L’avis du Conseil d’État est très clair à ce propos, en son point 15 : « Il résulte de l’objet même de cette liberté et conformément à l’intention du Gouvernement qu’elle doit être entendue comme bénéficiant à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France. » Le Conseil d’État reconnaît que la rédaction proposée est claire et sans ambiguïté, et donc protectrice L’amendement CL97 est retiré.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL99 de M. Jean-Félix Acquaviva, CL31 et CL30 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et CL97 de Mme Mathilde Panot (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p572",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nda55f7a73d2e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Breton, vous semblez plus attaché à la définition du mot « femme » qu’à celle du mot « homme », mais je rappelle que, dans la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, ce dernier terme désigne toute personne. Il en est de même ici pour le mot « femme ». L’avis du Conseil d’État est très clair à ce propos, en son point 15 : « Il résulte de l’objet même de cette liberté et conformément à l’intention du Gouvernement qu’elle doit être entendue comme bénéficiant à toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse, sans considération tenant à l’état civil, l’âge, la nationalité et la situation au regard du séjour en France. » Le Conseil d’État reconnaît que la rédaction proposée est claire et sans ambiguïté, et donc protectrice L’amendement CL97 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720386",
   "speaker": "Fabien Di Filippo",
   "quality": "M. Fabien Di Filippo (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p576",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "576"
   ],
   "order": 576,
   "text": "L’amendement CL28 tend à compléter le texte en mentionnant la « liberté de consentement de la femme à l’acte de mettre fin à sa grossesse. » En effet, si la femme doit recevoir une information parfaite sur les possibilités de recourir à l’IVG dans toutes les situations, elle doit aussi recevoir une information parfaite sur les possibilités de mener à terme cette grossesse et d’être accompagnée tout du long, afin de pouvoir prendre une décision libre et éclairée, hors de toute pression familiale ou du stress ou de la détresse que peut parfois provoquer une nouvelle à laquelle elle ne s’attendait pas",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p576",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N5d6725c242ab",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL28 tend à compléter le texte en mentionnant la « liberté de consentement de la femme à l’acte de mettre fin à sa grossesse. » En effet, si la femme doit recevoir une information parfaite sur les possibilités de recourir à l’IVG dans toutes les situations, elle doit aussi recevoir une information parfaite sur les possibilités de mener à terme cette grossesse et d’être accompagnée tout du long, afin de pouvoir prendre une décision libre et éclairée, hors de toute pression familiale ou du stress ou de la détresse que peut parfois provoquer une nouvelle à laquelle elle ne s’attendait pas"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p577",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "577",
    "578"
   ],
   "order": 577,
   "text": "L’amendement CL11 vise à susciter des échanges sur la notion de liberté et de consentement de la femme – liberté tant d’avorter que de ne pas avorter. En effet, si des pressions peuvent exister pour pousser les femmes à ne pas avorter, n’oublions pas, n’en déplaise à certains, qu’il arrive aussi qu’il s’en exerce – de la part du compagnon, de la belle-famille, etc. – pour les pousser à avorter alors qu’elles ne le souhaitent pas Nous avons le devoir, au niveau de la loi comme de la société, d’être aux côtés de ces femmes pour assurer la liberté de leur décision d’avorter ou de ne pas avorter. Il s’agit donc, avec cet amendement, de rappeler l’importance du respect de la liberté et du consentement de la femme en la matière.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 131,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p577",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N6135ba855057",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL11 vise à susciter des échanges sur la notion de liberté et de consentement de la femme – liberté tant d’avorter que de ne pas avorter. En effet, si des pressions peuvent exister pour pousser les femmes à ne pas avorter, n’oublions pas, n’en déplaise à certains, qu’il arrive aussi qu’il s’en exerce – de la part du compagnon, de la belle-famille, etc. – pour les pousser à avorter alors qu’elles ne le souhaitent pas Nous avons le devoir, au niveau de la loi comme de la société, d’être aux côtés de ces femmes pour assurer la liberté de leur décision d’avorter ou de ne pas avorter. Il s’agit donc, avec cet amendement, de rappeler l’importance du respect de la liberté et du consentement de la femme en la matière."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p579",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "579"
   ],
   "order": 579,
   "text": "La question est effectivement bien de nous assurer du respect du libre consentement de la femme. Il ne faut pas être naïfs, nous savons que des pressions sont susceptibles de s’exercer. Si donc nous voulons donner des garanties, il faut le faire à 360 degrés et en tenant compte notamment de ces pressions",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 53,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p579",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N82fa1cab7c00",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La question est effectivement bien de nous assurer du respect du libre consentement de la femme. Il ne faut pas être naïfs, nous savons que des pressions sont susceptibles de s’exercer. Si donc nous voulons donner des garanties, il faut le faire à 360 degrés et en tenant compte notamment de ces pressions"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p581",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "581",
    "582",
    "583"
   ],
   "order": 581,
   "text": "L’amendement CL9 est défendu Je saisis cette occasion pour revenir sur le débat à propos des mots « homme » et « femme ». M. Balanant a employé tout à l’heure la notion de « femme biologique ». Elle n’est pas employée par le Conseil d’État, qui se contente d’évoquer une situation, celle de « toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse », mais sans donner de définition juridique du mot « femme ». Il conviendra donc de définir le mot « femme » car, si nous en restions à la seule acception qui existe actuellement dans notre droit, à savoir la distinction sexuelle enregistrée à l’état civil, les personnes ayant changé de sexe pour l’état civil seraient exclues de la garantie inscrite dans la Constitution.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 125,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p581",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N10265c340fdb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL9 est défendu Je saisis cette occasion pour revenir sur le débat à propos des mots « homme » et « femme ». M. Balanant a employé tout à l’heure la notion de « femme biologique ». Elle n’est pas employée par le Conseil d’État, qui se contente d’évoquer une situation, celle de « toute personne ayant débuté une grossesse », mais sans donner de définition juridique du mot « femme ». Il conviendra donc de définir le mot « femme » car, si nous en restions à la seule acception qui existe actuellement dans notre droit, à savoir la distinction sexuelle enregistrée à l’état civil, les personnes ayant changé de sexe pour l’état civil seraient exclues de la garantie inscrite dans la Constitution."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p584",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "584"
   ],
   "order": 584,
   "text": "Un consentement libre et éclairé est nécessaire. Il convient d’éviter les pressions extérieures, dans un sens ou dans l’autre, or je ne suis pas sûr que ce soit garanti aujourd’hui. Quitte à constitutionnaliser, au moins profitons-en pour clarifier ce point",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p584",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N2565a59611f5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Un consentement libre et éclairé est nécessaire. Il convient d’éviter les pressions extérieures, dans un sens ou dans l’autre, or je ne suis pas sûr que ce soit garanti aujourd’hui. Quitte à constitutionnaliser, au moins profitons-en pour clarifier ce point"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p586",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "586"
   ],
   "order": 586,
   "text": "La notion de consentement est sous-jacente à l’exercice de toute liberté : à moins que vous ne fassiez pas confiance aux femmes, nul besoin de le préciser pour cette seule liberté-là. Le Conseil d’État considère d’ailleurs dans son avis sur ce projet de loi « que la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement a pour effet de faire relever l’exercice de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse de la seule appréciation de la femme, sans autorisation d’un tiers, que ce soit le conjoint ou les titulaires de l’autorité parentale. » Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p586",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N1cc998b09012",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La notion de consentement est sous-jacente à l’exercice de toute liberté : à moins que vous ne fassiez pas confiance aux femmes, nul besoin de le préciser pour cette seule liberté-là. Le Conseil d’État considère d’ailleurs dans son avis sur ce projet de loi « que la rédaction proposée par le Gouvernement a pour effet de faire relever l’exercice de la liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse de la seule appréciation de la femme, sans autorisation d’un tiers, que ce soit le conjoint ou les titulaires de l’autorité parentale. » Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Riotton (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p588",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "588"
   ],
   "order": 588,
   "text": "Je suis extrêmement choquée. Certains veulent donc garantir la « liberté de consentement » de femmes qui « peuvent subir des pressions extérieures » ! Insinuent-ils que les femmes recourent à l’IVG par manque d’information, qu’elles ne sont pas capables de mesurer la gravité de cet acte, et encore moins de prendre une décision éclairée ? Quel mépris ! Ces amendements culpabilisent les femmes et procèdent d’une vision paternaliste et rétrograde, reprenant l’argument même qui était employé à l’époque par les adversaires du vote des femmes. Les seuls ici qui souhaitent forcer les femmes à faire un choix et qui ne respectent pas leurs décisions sont ceux qui s’opposent à la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. C’est bien la preuve qu’elle est nécessaire",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p588",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nbc4fdc54f8c5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis extrêmement choquée. Certains veulent donc garantir la « liberté de consentement » de femmes qui « peuvent subir des pressions extérieures » ! Insinuent-ils que les femmes recourent à l’IVG par manque d’information, qu’elles ne sont pas capables de mesurer la gravité de cet acte, et encore moins de prendre une décision éclairée ? Quel mépris ! Ces amendements culpabilisent les femmes et procèdent d’une vision paternaliste et rétrograde, reprenant l’argument même qui était employé à l’époque par les adversaires du vote des femmes. Les seuls ici qui souhaitent forcer les femmes à faire un choix et qui ne respectent pas leurs décisions sont ceux qui s’opposent à la constitutionnalisation de l’IVG. C’est bien la preuve qu’elle est nécessaire"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795136",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Coulomme",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Coulomme (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p589",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "589"
   ],
   "order": 589,
   "text": "C’est hallucinant : le droit à l’IVG deviendrait le seul droit constitutionnel dont l’exercice serait soumis au respect du consentement de son titulaire. Cette infantilisation des femmes est réactionnaire et patriarcale",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p589",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N63fd5a9df933",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "C’est hallucinant : le droit à l’IVG deviendrait le seul droit constitutionnel dont l’exercice serait soumis au respect du consentement de son titulaire. Cette infantilisation des femmes est réactionnaire et patriarcale"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719558",
   "speaker": "Erwan Balanant",
   "quality": "M. Erwan Balanant (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p590",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "590"
   ],
   "order": 590,
   "text": "Monsieur Breton, les trois mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » sont pourtant assez clairs ! Si l’interruption est volontaire, c’est que la personne y ayant recours est consentante. De la même façon, votre obsession à définir ce qu’est une femme est inutile puisque la grossesse est définie comme l’état d’une femme enceinte : la question est réglée, et l’état civil n’a rien à y voir. Arrêtez de vous faire des nœuds au cerveau, la formulation actuelle, validée par le Conseil d’État, est très claire. Ces débats sont plutôt révélateurs d’un certain nombre de réticences face au droit à l’IVG",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 100,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p590",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nb7433b4c1c6f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Breton, les trois mots « interruption volontaire de grossesse » sont pourtant assez clairs ! Si l’interruption est volontaire, c’est que la personne y ayant recours est consentante. De la même façon, votre obsession à définir ce qu’est une femme est inutile puisque la grossesse est définie comme l’état d’une femme enceinte : la question est réglée, et l’état civil n’a rien à y voir. Arrêtez de vous faire des nœuds au cerveau, la formulation actuelle, validée par le Conseil d’État, est très claire. Ces débats sont plutôt révélateurs d’un certain nombre de réticences face au droit à l’IVG"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard (NI).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p591",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "591"
   ],
   "order": 591,
   "text": "Je suis sidérée par l’aveuglement de certains. La question du consentement des femmes à l’IVG se pose, même si ce n’est pas forcément dans la Constitution qu’il faut l’aborder. Je rappelle que des centaines de femmes ont subi des avortements et stérilisations sans leur consentement à La Réunion dans les années 1970, et je ne suis sans doute pas la seule à recevoir dans ma permanence des femmes se plaignant des pressions de leur conjoint pour qu’elles avortent alors qu’elles souhaitent garder l’enfant. Monsieur Balanant, le mot « volontaire » doit aussi protéger les femmes qui subissent des pressions inadmissibles",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 100,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p591",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N018bd984e75d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis sidérée par l’aveuglement de certains. La question du consentement des femmes à l’IVG se pose, même si ce n’est pas forcément dans la Constitution qu’il faut l’aborder. Je rappelle que des centaines de femmes ont subi des avortements et stérilisations sans leur consentement à La Réunion dans les années 1970, et je ne suis sans doute pas la seule à recevoir dans ma permanence des femmes se plaignant des pressions de leur conjoint pour qu’elles avortent alors qu’elles souhaitent garder l’enfant. Monsieur Balanant, le mot « volontaire » doit aussi protéger les femmes qui subissent des pressions inadmissibles"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721410",
   "speaker": "Émilie Bonnivard",
   "quality": "Mme Émilie Bonnivard (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p592",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "592",
    "593",
    "594"
   ],
   "order": 592,
   "text": "Nous avions réussi jusqu’à présent à éviter les anathèmes et les raccourcis. Je regrette que le ton ait changé Le droit des femmes à disposer librement de leur corps est atteint lorsqu’elles font l’objet de pressions – qui peuvent être assimilées à une emprise – pour avorter ou pour s’en abstenir. Nous ne pouvons l’éluder. Quant à la question du consentement éclairé, n’oublions pas que l’IVG n’est jamais un acte anodin et qu’elle est toujours un non-choix, qui s’impose parce que quelque chose a été raté auparavant. Si les femmes sont éclairées sur l’acte même de l’IVG, elles ne le sont pas toujours sur les alternatives qui leur auraient permis de l’éviter, ce que beaucoup d’entre elles auraient préféré. Il ne faut pas faire comme si toutes les femmes étaient toujours au meilleur niveau de forme et d’information ! Et même : une de mes amies, bac + 6, a eu recours quatre fois à l’avortement ! Il y a toujours des cas particuliers, mais nous devons pouvoir en débattre.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 170,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p592",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N00b54b4a28d5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avions réussi jusqu’à présent à éviter les anathèmes et les raccourcis. Je regrette que le ton ait changé Le droit des femmes à disposer librement de leur corps est atteint lorsqu’elles font l’objet de pressions – qui peuvent être assimilées à une emprise – pour avorter ou pour s’en abstenir. Nous ne pouvons l’éluder. Quant à la question du consentement éclairé, n’oublions pas que l’IVG n’est jamais un acte anodin et qu’elle est toujours un non-choix, qui s’impose parce que quelque chose a été raté auparavant. Si les femmes sont éclairées sur l’acte même de l’IVG, elles ne le sont pas toujours sur les alternatives qui leur auraient permis de l’éviter, ce que beaucoup d’entre elles auraient préféré. Il ne faut pas faire comme si toutes les femmes étaient toujours au meilleur niveau de forme et d’information ! Et même : une de mes amies, bac + 6, a eu recours quatre fois à l’avortement ! Il y a toujours des cas particuliers, mais nous devons pouvoir en débattre."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p595",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "595",
    "596"
   ],
   "order": 595,
   "text": "Plus notre collègue Balanant parle de la définition du mot « femme », moins on comprend ! Les pressions sur les femmes, pour avorter ou pour s’en abstenir, existent : ce n’est pas péjoratif de le dire. Vous ne semblez pas être capables de l’entendre, ce qui est révélateur de l’idéologie qui sous-tend ce texte.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 55,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p595",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N14e6b366981a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Plus notre collègue Balanant parle de la définition du mot « femme », moins on comprend ! Les pressions sur les femmes, pour avorter ou pour s’en abstenir, existent : ce n’est pas péjoratif de le dire. Vous ne semblez pas être capables de l’entendre, ce qui est révélateur de l’idéologie qui sous-tend ce texte."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p597",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "597"
   ],
   "order": 597,
   "text": "En prévision des débats en séance publique, je souligne que la question du consentement relève du domaine législatif. L’article L. 2222-1 du code de la santé publique, reprenant l’article 223-10 du code pénal, dispose que « L’interruption de la grossesse sans le consentement de l’intéressée est punie de cinq ans d’emprisonnement et de 75 000 euros d’amende. »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL28 de M. Fabien Di Filippo, amendements identiques CL11 de M. Xavier Breton, CL65 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL81 de M. Philippe Gosselin, et amendements identiques CL9 de M. Xavier Breton, CL79 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL63 de M. Patrick Hetzel (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p597",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N133323f2c0e4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "En prévision des débats en séance publique, je souligne que la question du consentement relève du domaine législatif. L’article L. 2222-1 du code de la santé publique, reprenant l’article 223-10 du code pénal, dispose que « L’interruption de la grossesse sans le consentement de l’intéressée est punie de cinq ans d’emprisonnement et de 75 000 euros d’amende. »"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p601",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "601",
    "602"
   ],
   "order": 601,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, votre argument n’est pas recevable : le fait que le respect du consentement à l’IVG soit déjà prévu par la loi n’empêche pas de le constitutionnaliser, puisque c’est exactement la démarche que vous suivez pour l’IVG elle-même ! L’amendement CL8 propose d’introduire dans la Constitution le respect de l’équilibre entre un principe d’autonomie, qui protège ici le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps, et un principe de vulnérabilité, qui protège la vie à naître. Comme souvent en bioéthique, il s’agit de coordonner ces deux principes, alors que la rédaction actuelle ne reconnaît que le premier.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 100,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p601",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nc6248891bc5e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, votre argument n’est pas recevable : le fait que le respect du consentement à l’IVG soit déjà prévu par la loi n’empêche pas de le constitutionnaliser, puisque c’est exactement la démarche que vous suivez pour l’IVG elle-même ! L’amendement CL8 propose d’introduire dans la Constitution le respect de l’équilibre entre un principe d’autonomie, qui protège ici le droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps, et un principe de vulnérabilité, qui protège la vie à naître. Comme souvent en bioéthique, il s’agit de coordonner ces deux principes, alors que la rédaction actuelle ne reconnaît que le premier."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p603",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "603"
   ],
   "order": 603,
   "text": "La loi Veil a déjà été modifiée à plusieurs reprises, mais sans jamais que l’équilibre entre le respect de la liberté de la femme à disposer de son corps et celui de la vie à naître n’ait été altéré. Le présent texte rompt cet équilibre en proposant de constitutionnaliser l’un sans se préoccuper de l’autre. C’est cette asymétrie que nous nous proposons de corriger",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p603",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N766fda3a116e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La loi Veil a déjà été modifiée à plusieurs reprises, mais sans jamais que l’équilibre entre le respect de la liberté de la femme à disposer de son corps et celui de la vie à naître n’ait été altéré. Le présent texte rompt cet équilibre en proposant de constitutionnaliser l’un sans se préoccuper de l’autre. C’est cette asymétrie que nous nous proposons de corriger"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p604",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "604"
   ],
   "order": 604,
   "text": "En cette date anniversaire de la promulgation de la loi Veil, n’oublions que Simone Veil avait affirmé avec force, à la tribune de l’Assemblée nationale, la nécessité de garantir l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. Contrairement à ce qui est dit, cet équilibre n’est pas préservé par la rédaction actuelle, qui ignore complètement ce deuxième principe. Afin de se prévenir de toute interprétation abusive du Conseil constitutionnel, inscrivons les deux dans la Constitution",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 82,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p604",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N4b87e5f1b4b2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En cette date anniversaire de la promulgation de la loi Veil, n’oublions que Simone Veil avait affirmé avec force, à la tribune de l’Assemblée nationale, la nécessité de garantir l’équilibre entre la liberté de la femme et la protection de la vie à naître. Contrairement à ce qui est dit, cet équilibre n’est pas préservé par la rédaction actuelle, qui ignore complètement ce deuxième principe. Afin de se prévenir de toute interprétation abusive du Conseil constitutionnel, inscrivons les deux dans la Constitution"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p605",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "605"
   ],
   "order": 605,
   "text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa décision du 27 juin 2001, s’est prononcé sur la question de l’équilibre entre ces deux principes en précisant que le respect de la Constitution impose « d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen ». L’amendement CL43 propose de reprendre ces termes",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p605",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N79902b8c80bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AJL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa décision du 27 juin 2001, s’est prononcé sur la question de l’équilibre entre ces deux principes en précisant que le respect de la Constitution impose « d’une part, la sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine contre toute forme de dégradation et, d’autre part, la liberté de la femme qui découle de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen ». L’amendement CL43 propose de reprendre ces termes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p606",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "606"
   ],
   "order": 606,
   "text": "L’amendement CL6 a le même objet. Nous utilisons souvent l’expression de « protection de la vie à naître », mais elle n’a pas de définition juridique précise. C’est celle de « sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine » qui est utilisée par la jurisprudence et qui devrait donc figurer dans la Constitution",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p606",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N33ecb86379e1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement CL6 a le même objet. Nous utilisons souvent l’expression de « protection de la vie à naître », mais elle n’a pas de définition juridique précise. C’est celle de « sauvegarde de la dignité de la personne humaine » qui est utilisée par la jurisprudence et qui devrait donc figurer dans la Constitution"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608416",
   "speaker": "Patrick Hetzel",
   "quality": "M. Patrick Hetzel (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p607",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "607"
   ],
   "order": 607,
   "text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel s’est déjà prononcé à quatre reprises sur l’IVG : en 1975, en 2001, en 2014 et en 2016. Il a rappelé l’équilibre nécessaire entre les deux principes et nous proposons par cet amendement de reprendre la formulation utilisée dans une de ces décisions",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p607",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N8af9977ed049",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le Conseil constitutionnel s’est déjà prononcé à quatre reprises sur l’IVG : en 1975, en 2001, en 2014 et en 2016. Il a rappelé l’équilibre nécessaire entre les deux principes et nous proposons par cet amendement de reprendre la formulation utilisée dans une de ces décisions"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p608",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "608"
   ],
   "order": 608,
   "text": "Ces décisions du Conseil constitutionnel, rendues dans des contextes politiques très différents, affirment toutes la nécessité du maintien de l’équilibre entre ces deux principes. Certains cherchent clairement à rompre cet équilibre avec la rédaction actuellement proposée",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p608",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nede687de4857",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ces décisions du Conseil constitutionnel, rendues dans des contextes politiques très différents, affirment toutes la nécessité du maintien de l’équilibre entre ces deux principes. Certains cherchent clairement à rompre cet équilibre avec la rédaction actuellement proposée"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p609",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "609"
   ],
   "order": 609,
   "text": "Le projet de loi ne rompt aucun équilibre. Par ailleurs, toutes les décisions du Conseil constitutionnel sur l’IVG ont porté sur des avancées législatives. S’il devait à l’avenir se prononcer sur une loi de régression, il n’aurait plus, grâce à la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG que nous proposons, à recourir à une interprétation extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, qui est source d’insécurité juridique. Avis défavorable",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 75,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p609",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N247aeb5bce35",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le projet de loi ne rompt aucun équilibre. Par ailleurs, toutes les décisions du Conseil constitutionnel sur l’IVG ont porté sur des avancées législatives. S’il devait à l’avenir se prononcer sur une loi de régression, il n’aurait plus, grâce à la constitutionnalisation du droit à l’IVG que nous proposons, à recourir à une interprétation extensive de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, qui est source d’insécurité juridique. Avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794930",
   "speaker": "Sarah Tanzilli",
   "quality": "Mme Sarah Tanzilli (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p610",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "610"
   ],
   "order": 610,
   "text": "Il n’existe aucune liberté absolue dans notre constitution : elles se limitent mutuellement. Pourquoi alors vouloir poser des limites au seul droit à l’IVG ? Je vous recommande la lecture de l’avis du Conseil d’État, cela vous permettra peut-être de voir que vos arguments ne correspondent pas à la réalité de l’exercice du droit dans notre pays",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL8 de M. Xavier Breton, CL62 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL78 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL7 de M. Xavier Breton, CL61 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL77 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendement CL43 de M. Thibault Bazin, amendements identiques CL6 de M. Xavier Breton, CL60 de M. Patrick Hetzel et CL76 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p610",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N38f700e1c946",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’existe aucune liberté absolue dans notre constitution : elles se limitent mutuellement. Pourquoi alors vouloir poser des limites au seul droit à l’IVG ? Je vous recommande la lecture de l’avis du Conseil d’État, cela vous permettra peut-être de voir que vos arguments ne correspondent pas à la réalité de l’exercice du droit dans notre pays"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p614",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "614"
   ],
   "order": 614,
   "text": "Les amendements CL17, CL19, CL18 et CL16 proposent de préciser que le droit de recourir à l’IVG est soumis à un délai de réflexion – entre deux et sept jours – entre l’entretien psycho-social préalable et le recueil du consentement. Ce délai, qui existait dans la loi mais a été supprimé par une proposition de loi lors de la précédente législature, est constitutif de l’équilibre dont nous discutons puisqu’il permet de garantir la liberté des femmes d’avorter mais également de ne pas le faire, dans des cas où elles font l’objet de pressions",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL17 de M. Xavier Breton et CL87 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL19 de M. Xavier Breton et CL89 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL67 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL88 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL18 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL16 de M. Xavier Breton et CL86 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p614",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nd9f874ec23b4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les amendements CL17, CL19, CL18 et CL16 proposent de préciser que le droit de recourir à l’IVG est soumis à un délai de réflexion – entre deux et sept jours – entre l’entretien psycho-social préalable et le recueil du consentement. Ce délai, qui existait dans la loi mais a été supprimé par une proposition de loi lors de la précédente législature, est constitutif de l’équilibre dont nous discutons puisqu’il permet de garantir la liberté des femmes d’avorter mais également de ne pas le faire, dans des cas où elles font l’objet de pressions"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p615",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "615"
   ],
   "order": 615,
   "text": "La question des délais relève du domaine législatif. Je rappelle que les délais de réflexion ont été supprimés progressivement, le dernier l’ayant été en 2022. Si une loi venait à les réinstituer, elle serait probablement jugée inconstitutionnelle. Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL17 de M. Xavier Breton et CL87 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL19 de M. Xavier Breton et CL89 de M. Philippe Gosselin, amendements identiques CL67 de M. Patrick Hetzel, CL88 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL18 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL16 de M. Xavier Breton et CL86 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 43,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p615",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N7fc4865ed56f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La question des délais relève du domaine législatif. Je rappelle que les délais de réflexion ont été supprimés progressivement, le dernier l’ayant été en 2022. Si une loi venait à les réinstituer, elle serait probablement jugée inconstitutionnelle. Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p619",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "619"
   ],
   "order": 619,
   "text": "Le respect d’un équilibre demande aussi qu’une information complète sur les alternatives à l’avortement soit garantie. C’est l’objet de mes deux amendements, car votre rédaction risque de remettre en cause cette information",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL83 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL13 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL12 de M. Xavier Breton et CL82 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 32,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p619",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N544a74d81a23",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le respect d’un équilibre demande aussi qu’une information complète sur les alternatives à l’avortement soit garantie. C’est l’objet de mes deux amendements, car votre rédaction risque de remettre en cause cette information"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721426",
   "speaker": "Véronique Riotton",
   "quality": "Mme Véronique Riotton (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p621",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "621"
   ],
   "order": 621,
   "text": "Sans l’assumer, vous réduisez la question de l’avortement à celle de la relation à l’argent puisque vous présupposez qu’il suffirait que les femmes soient informées des aides aux alternatives à l’avortement pour qu’elles renoncent à avorter. Quelle méprise ! Votre vision moralisatrice et culpabilisatrice réduit l’autonomie des femmes à peau de chagrin. Autant de raisons pour constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL83 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL13 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL12 de M. Xavier Breton et CL82 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 61,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p621",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N00a254d77838",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ALV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Sans l’assumer, vous réduisez la question de l’avortement à celle de la relation à l’argent puisque vous présupposez qu’il suffirait que les femmes soient informées des aides aux alternatives à l’avortement pour qu’elles renoncent à avorter. Quelle méprise ! Votre vision moralisatrice et culpabilisatrice réduit l’autonomie des femmes à peau de chagrin. Autant de raisons pour constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p625",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "625"
   ],
   "order": 625,
   "text": "Tout le problème de votre formulation est que l’on ne sait pas si la garantie est totale ou relative. Pour préserver l’équilibre que réalise la loi Veil entre les différentes libertés, l’amendement CL44 propose d’inscrire la clause de conscience dans la Constitution",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL44 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL2 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, amendements identiques CL85 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL15 de M. Xavier Breton, amendements identiques CL74 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL4 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL5 de M. Xavier Breton et CL75 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p625",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nb977deea130a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Tout le problème de votre formulation est que l’on ne sait pas si la garantie est totale ou relative. Pour préserver l’équilibre que réalise la loi Veil entre les différentes libertés, l’amendement CL44 propose d’inscrire la clause de conscience dans la Constitution"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard (NI).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p626",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "626",
    "627"
   ],
   "order": 626,
   "text": "La clause de conscience, sanctuarisée dans la loi, est menacée par cette réforme. Simone Veil elle-même la considérait pourtant comme essentielle. Dans son discours de 1974 devant l’Assemblée nationale, elle soulignait que « l’interruption de grossesse ne peut être pratiquée que par un médecin, comme c’est la règle dans tous les pays qui ont modifié leur législation dans ce domaine. Mais il va de soi qu’aucun médecin ou auxiliaire médical ne sera jamais tenu d’y participer. » Le Comité consultatif national d’éthique a d’ailleurs à nouveau formulé un avis négatif sur sa suppression Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution risque d’en faire un droit absolu. Comment, dans ces conditions, des médecins pourront-ils continuer à faire valoir leur liberté de conscience afin de ne pas la pratiquer ? Aura-t-on seulement le droit de manifester son opposition à l’IVG, qui sera une liberté fondamentale ? Cette réforme, présentée comme un progrès, risque d’avoir de graves conséquences.",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL44 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL2 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, amendements identiques CL85 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL15 de M. Xavier Breton, amendements identiques CL74 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL4 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL5 de M. Xavier Breton et CL75 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 156,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p626",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nb29443441cb6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La clause de conscience, sanctuarisée dans la loi, est menacée par cette réforme. Simone Veil elle-même la considérait pourtant comme essentielle. Dans son discours de 1974 devant l’Assemblée nationale, elle soulignait que « l’interruption de grossesse ne peut être pratiquée que par un médecin, comme c’est la règle dans tous les pays qui ont modifié leur législation dans ce domaine. Mais il va de soi qu’aucun médecin ou auxiliaire médical ne sera jamais tenu d’y participer. » Le Comité consultatif national d’éthique a d’ailleurs à nouveau formulé un avis négatif sur sa suppression Inscrire le droit à l’IVG dans la Constitution risque d’en faire un droit absolu. Comment, dans ces conditions, des médecins pourront-ils continuer à faire valoir leur liberté de conscience afin de ne pas la pratiquer ? Aura-t-on seulement le droit de manifester son opposition à l’IVG, qui sera une liberté fondamentale ? Cette réforme, présentée comme un progrès, risque d’avoir de graves conséquences."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA266797",
   "speaker": "Philippe Gosselin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Gosselin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p628",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "628"
   ],
   "order": 628,
   "text": "Garantir la liberté de conscience du médecin fait partie de l’équilibre que nous recherchons. Si cette liberté, qui est la contrepartie de celle d’avorter, n’est pas inscrite dans la Constitution, elle pourra être remise en cause par la loi et deviendra un vain mot. Ce n’est pas une vue de l’esprit : une proposition de loi a déjà été défendue en ce sens et certains n’ont pas renoncé à limiter cette liberté, voire à la supprimer",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL44 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL2 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, amendements identiques CL85 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL15 de M. Xavier Breton, amendements identiques CL74 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL4 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL5 de M. Xavier Breton et CL75 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p628",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N5a678a5818f0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Garantir la liberté de conscience du médecin fait partie de l’équilibre que nous recherchons. Si cette liberté, qui est la contrepartie de celle d’avorter, n’est pas inscrite dans la Constitution, elle pourra être remise en cause par la loi et deviendra un vain mot. Ce n’est pas une vue de l’esprit : une proposition de loi a déjà été défendue en ce sens et certains n’ont pas renoncé à limiter cette liberté, voire à la supprimer"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p629",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "629"
   ],
   "order": 629,
   "text": "Madame Riotton, les situations matérielles compliquées que vivent certaines femmes peuvent restreindre leurs choix. Vous en concluez qu’il faut constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG mais au contraire, cette constitutionnalisation supprimera toute possibilité à la fois de débattre et de garantir un choix libre, affranchi des contraintes matérielles. Votre volonté de constitutionnaliser ne marche qu’à sens unique et ignore les alternatives",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL44 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL2 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, amendements identiques CL85 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL15 de M. Xavier Breton, amendements identiques CL74 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL4 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL5 de M. Xavier Breton et CL75 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 60,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p629",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N2436c0e645c8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "LQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Madame Riotton, les situations matérielles compliquées que vivent certaines femmes peuvent restreindre leurs choix. Vous en concluez qu’il faut constitutionnaliser le droit à l’IVG mais au contraire, cette constitutionnalisation supprimera toute possibilité à la fois de débattre et de garantir un choix libre, affranchi des contraintes matérielles. Votre volonté de constitutionnaliser ne marche qu’à sens unique et ignore les alternatives"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p630",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "630"
   ],
   "order": 630,
   "text": "La constitutionnalisation ne remet en cause ni les dispositifs législatifs prévoyant la double clause de conscience, ni la liberté de conscience telle qu’elle est reconnue par la Constitution. Avis défavorable",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL44 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL2 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, amendements identiques CL85 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL15 de M. Xavier Breton, amendements identiques CL74 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL4 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL5 de M. Xavier Breton et CL75 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p630",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N09128864659d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JL",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La constitutionnalisation ne remet en cause ni les dispositifs législatifs prévoyant la double clause de conscience, ni la liberté de conscience telle qu’elle est reconnue par la Constitution. Avis défavorable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719608",
   "speaker": "Emmanuelle Ménard",
   "quality": "Mme Emmanuelle Ménard (NI).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO793087",
   "group": "NI",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p631",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "631"
   ],
   "order": 631,
   "text": "Certains groupes politiques ont tenté de supprimer la clause de conscience spécifique à l’IVG au motif qu’il existe déjà une clause générale. Je rappelle d’abord que la clause spécifique s’applique à tous les soignants alors que la clause générale ne concerne que les médecins, les sages-femmes et les infirmiers. Ensuite, la clause spécifique pose un principe absolu alors que la clause générale prévoit une exception, en cas d’urgence. Enfin, la clause spécifique est prévue par la loi alors que la clause générale n’a que valeur réglementaire et pourrait donc être plus facilement supprimée",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL44 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL2 de Mme Emmanuelle Ménard, amendements identiques CL85 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL15 de M. Xavier Breton, amendements identiques CL74 de M. Philippe Gosselin et CL4 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements identiques CL5 de M. Xavier Breton et CL75 de M. Philippe Gosselin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 93,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p631",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nbf97ec796d1e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Certains groupes politiques ont tenté de supprimer la clause de conscience spécifique à l’IVG au motif qu’il existe déjà une clause générale. Je rappelle d’abord que la clause spécifique s’applique à tous les soignants alors que la clause générale ne concerne que les médecins, les sages-femmes et les infirmiers. Ensuite, la clause spécifique pose un principe absolu alors que la clause générale prévoit une exception, en cas d’urgence. Enfin, la clause spécifique est prévue par la loi alors que la clause générale n’a que valeur réglementaire et pourrait donc être plus facilement supprimée"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p634",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "634"
   ],
   "order": 634,
   "text": "Nous avons évoqué le cadre bioéthique de la loi Veil, fondée sur l’équilibre entre la sauvegarde de la dignité et le respect de la liberté. L’amendement CL40 propose d’inscrire dans la Constitution la nécessité du respect d’un délai de réflexion pour se rapprocher de cet esprit voulu par Simone Veil",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL40 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL14 de M. Xavier Breton (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p634",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N00cae1426713",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avons évoqué le cadre bioéthique de la loi Veil, fondée sur l’équilibre entre la sauvegarde de la dignité et le respect de la liberté. L’amendement CL40 propose d’inscrire dans la Constitution la nécessité du respect d’un délai de réflexion pour se rapprocher de cet esprit voulu par Simone Veil"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p636",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "636"
   ],
   "order": 636,
   "text": "J’emploie le mot de « bioéthique » non dans son sens juridique, mais dans son sens philosophique de l’éthique des êtres humains. Il est important de réfléchir avec cette perspective, qui était déjà celle de Simone Veil en 1974",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL40 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL14 de M. Xavier Breton (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p636",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Nae2806f22e43",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "J’emploie le mot de « bioéthique » non dans son sens juridique, mais dans son sens philosophique de l’éthique des êtres humains. Il est important de réfléchir avec cette perspective, qui était déjà celle de Simone Veil en 1974"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p640",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "640"
   ],
   "order": 640,
   "text": "Les amendements CL22, CL23 et CL24 ont le même objet. Il est important de distinguer clairement les deux car les délais dans lesquels l’interruption de grossesse est autorisée sont différents. Certains – notamment au Planning familial, qui défriche le terrain idéologique en ce domaine et auquel les ministres ont peur de s’opposer – souhaitent en effet instaurer une liberté inconditionnelle de l’IVG, en l’autorisant jusqu’au terme de la grossesse. Nous avons donc des raisons d’être inquiets",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL35 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL22 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements CL23 de M. Xavier Breton et CL24 de M. Xavier Breton (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 76,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p640",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N8fb834a12ad9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les amendements CL22, CL23 et CL24 ont le même objet. Il est important de distinguer clairement les deux car les délais dans lesquels l’interruption de grossesse est autorisée sont différents. Certains – notamment au Planning familial, qui défriche le terrain idéologique en ce domaine et auquel les ministres ont peur de s’opposer – souhaitent en effet instaurer une liberté inconditionnelle de l’IVG, en l’autorisant jusqu’au terme de la grossesse. Nous avons donc des raisons d’être inquiets"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA608695",
   "speaker": "Cécile Untermaier",
   "quality": "Mme Cécile Untermaier (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p642",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "642"
   ],
   "order": 642,
   "text": "Monsieur Breton, vous pouvez être rassuré : le projet de loi prévoit d’inscrire dans la Constitution que « la loi détermine les conditions » du recours à l’IVG. Il n’y a donc aucun risque de voir le droit à l’IVG devenir inconditionnel",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements identiques CL35 de M. Thibault Bazin et CL22 de M. Xavier Breton, et amendements CL23 de M. Xavier Breton et CL24 de M. Xavier Breton (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p642",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "Na9de9f5a5e23",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur Breton, vous pouvez être rassuré : le projet de loi prévoit d’inscrire dans la Constitution que « la loi détermine les conditions » du recours à l’IVG. Il n’y a donc aucun risque de voir le droit à l’IVG devenir inconditionnel"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p645",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "645"
   ],
   "order": 645,
   "text": "Ceux qui se réclament des libertés ayant tendance à fonctionner à sens unique, il est important de préciser que le délit d’entrave ne porte pas atteinte à la liberté d’information des femmes sur les alternatives à l’avortement afin qu’elles puissent se décider en totale conscience",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL20 et CL21 de M. Xavier Breton (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p645",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N65f4eec78a0d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "L",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Ceux qui se réclament des libertés ayant tendance à fonctionner à sens unique, il est important de préciser que le délit d’entrave ne porte pas atteinte à la liberté d’information des femmes sur les alternatives à l’avortement afin qu’elles puissent se décider en totale conscience"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721296",
   "speaker": "Guillaume Gouffier Valente",
   "quality": "M. Guillaume Gouffier Valente, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p646",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "646"
   ],
   "order": 646,
   "text": "Avis défavorable. Le cadre législatif ne sera pas modifié. Le Conseil constitutionnel a été très clair au sujet de la protection de la liberté d’expression à la suite de la création du délit d’entrave. Selon sa décision du 16 mars 2017, « en réprimant les expressions et manifestations perturbant l’accès ou le fonctionnement des établissements pratiquant l’interruption volontaire de grossesse » ainsi que « les pressions morales et psychologiques, menaces et actes d’intimidation », le délit d’entrave ne porte pas « à la liberté d’expression et de communication une atteinte disproportionnée à l’objectif poursuivi »",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL20 et CL21 de M. Xavier Breton (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique",
   "article_id": "p448",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p646",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N87f302ac7cbd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable. Le cadre législatif ne sera pas modifié. Le Conseil constitutionnel a été très clair au sujet de la protection de la liberté d’expression à la suite de la création du délit d’entrave. Selon sa décision du 16 mars 2017, « en réprimant les expressions et manifestations perturbant l’accès ou le fonctionnement des établissements pratiquant l’interruption volontaire de grossesse » ainsi que « les pressions morales et psychologiques, menaces et actes d’intimidation », le délit d’entrave ne porte pas « à la liberté d’expression et de communication une atteinte disproportionnée à l’objectif poursuivi »"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p652",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "652"
   ],
   "order": 652,
   "text": "Au contraire de l’interdiction de l’IVG, qui n’est proposée par aucun groupe parlementaire à ce jour, la question des pratiques eugénistes s’invite régulièrement lors de l’examen de divers textes, notamment en matière de bioéthique, et certaines séries ou films auxquels je ne veux pas faire écho nourrissent les inquiétudes. Il nous semblerait donc plus urgent de graver dans le marbre la ligne rouge qu’a défendue dans ce domaine Agnès Buzyn lors de l’examen du projet de loi relative à la bioéthique",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendement CL37 de M. Thibault Bazin",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p650",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p652",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N951030f139e4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Au contraire de l’interdiction de l’IVG, qui n’est proposée par aucun groupe parlementaire à ce jour, la question des pratiques eugénistes s’invite régulièrement lors de l’examen de divers textes, notamment en matière de bioéthique, et certaines séries ou films auxquels je ne veux pas faire écho nourrissent les inquiétudes. Il nous semblerait donc plus urgent de graver dans le marbre la ligne rouge qu’a défendue dans ce domaine [PERSONNE] lors de l’examen du projet de loi relative à la bioéthique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA330008",
   "speaker": "Xavier Breton",
   "quality": "M. Xavier Breton (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p655",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "655"
   ],
   "order": 655,
   "text": "Vous choisissez de constitutionnaliser la liberté de la femme, mais pas la protection de la vie à naître afin d’assurer un équilibre. Une autre question se pose toutefois : celle de la gestation pour autrui (GPA), pratique qui ne peut en aucun cas être éthique, puisqu’il s’agit d’une marchandisation ou d’une utilisation du corps des femmes comme un moyen. Il serait très fort que la France se place à la pointe du combat pour une abolition universelle de la gestation pour autrui, en l’inscrivant dans sa Constitution. Ce n’est pas virtuel : certains font la promotion de cette pratique sur des marchés, et on nous dira bientôt que, puisque c’est possible à l’étranger, il faut aussi que ce soit le cas chez nous, sinon seuls les riches pourront se le permettre. Nous devons, par respect de la dignité de la personne humaine et notamment des femmes, interdire la gestation pour autrui",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL25 de M. Xavier Breton et CL36 de M. Thibault Bazin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p650",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 151,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p655",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N1c2258c736fa",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous choisissez de constitutionnaliser la liberté de la femme, mais pas la protection de la vie à naître afin d’assurer un équilibre. Une autre question se pose toutefois : celle de la gestation pour autrui (GPA), pratique qui ne peut en aucun cas être éthique, puisqu’il s’agit d’une marchandisation ou d’une utilisation du corps des femmes comme un moyen. Il serait très fort que la France se place à la pointe du combat pour une abolition universelle de la gestation pour autrui, en l’inscrivant dans sa Constitution. Ce n’est pas virtuel : certains font la promotion de cette pratique sur des marchés, et on nous dira bientôt que, puisque c’est possible à l’étranger, il faut aussi que ce soit le cas chez nous, sinon seuls les riches pourront se le permettre. Nous devons, par respect de la dignité de la personne humaine et notamment des femmes, interdire la gestation pour autrui"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2070@2024-01-17",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2070",
   "date": "2024-01-17",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2070.html",
   "source_sha256": "f13f856f146485d934259fb2c0607ad5134805d1f0e6e65d15abda21be91a439",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "ivg::RAPPANR5L16B2070-p656",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "656"
   ],
   "order": 656,
   "text": "Il existe peut-être davantage de pratiques qui ne sont pas éthiques dans ce domaine qu’en matière d’IVG – le nombre d’actes pratiqués a plutôt augmenté en France, ce qui prouve qu’il n’y a pas d’entrave. Je rappelle que des salons de promotion de la GPA ont été organisés en Île-de-France. Nous devrions nous réarmer, pour reprendre un terme très entendu depuis hier, dans la lutte contre une pratique considérée comme une ligne rouge lors de l’examen du projet de loi relative à la bioéthique. Gravons les choses dans le marbre en interdisant la gestation pour autrui",
   "top": "Liberté de recourir à l’interruption volontaire de grossesse",
   "section": "Amendements CL25 de M. Xavier Breton et CL36 de M. Thibault Bazin (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Après l’article unique",
   "article_id": "p650",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 96,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2070-p656",
   "case": "ivg",
   "annotation_id": "N2d6345b9ce3e",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il existe peut-être davantage de pratiques qui ne sont pas éthiques dans ce domaine qu’en matière d’IVG – le nombre d’actes pratiqués a plutôt augmenté en France, ce qui prouve qu’il n’y a pas d’entrave. Je rappelle que des salons de promotion de la GPA ont été organisés en Île-de-France. Nous devrions nous réarmer, pour reprendre un terme très entendu depuis hier, dans la lutte contre une pratique considérée comme une ligne rouge lors de l’examen du projet de loi relative à la bioéthique. Gravons les choses dans le marbre en interdisant la gestation pour autrui"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p400",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "400",
    "401",
    "402",
    "403",
    "404",
    "405",
    "406"
   ],
   "order": 400,
   "text": "Je vous remercie de nous accueillir dans cette commission pour l’examen de cette proposition de loi cosignée par 166 députés de huit groupes politiques différents. Elle est le fruit d’un travail commencé il y a un an avec les associations de lutte contre le tabac et de protection de l’environnement. Le groupe Écologiste-NUPES se félicite d’avoir rapidement été rejoint dans ce combat par des députés engagés, comme le rapporteur Michel Lauzzana Notre objectif est simple : interdire les puffs, ces cigarettes électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, qui ne contiennent pas de tabac, mais peuvent contenir de la nicotine, une substance vénéneuse au double effet psychotrope et addictif. Pour éclairer nos débats, il me semble nécessaire d’être clair sur les produits visés par la proposition de loi. Elle ne s’attaque ni aux produits de vapotage rechargeables, qui servent souvent à sortir d’une consommation de tabac, ni aux nouvelles formes de délivrance nicotinique. Nous avons fait le choix de nous focaliser sur les cigarettes électroniques jetables – même si ce choix pose des questions juridiques, économiques et sanitaires – pour ne pas prendre le risque de fragiliser le texte et pour aboutir rapidement à une interdiction pure et simple. Les puffs se sont développées de façon exponentielle et anarchique grâce à un marketing agressif et souvent illégal déployé par les industriels du tabac pour compenser le risque que les générations à venir ne fument plus. Apparue sur le marché français en 2021, la cigarette électronique jetable, avec son format compact, est prête à l’emploi, ce qui la rend plus pratique et discrète que les dispositifs rechargeables. Ces caractéristiques ont permis à des commerçants aussi divers que des magasins de décoration, des kiosques à journaux ou des moyennes et grandes surfaces d’en proposer à leurs clients. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont donc facilement accessibles. De graves contournements de l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs sont constatés et ceux-ci en font un large usage : leur prix est dérisoire, les arômes fruités et sucrés sont attirants et elle passe inaperçue des parents grâce à la discrétion du dispositif. Leur consommation a quadruplé au cours de l’année dernière. Actuellement, au Royaume-Uni, huit cigarettes électroniques jetables finissent à la poubelle toutes les secondes, soit 5 millions chaque semaine. En France, 47 % des jeunes qui ont essayé un dispositif à usage unique ou jetable ont découvert la nicotine par son usage. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont également une aberration environnementale. Le plastique et le lithium qui les composent ont un mode de production très consommateur d’eau et de pétrole, extrait à l’autre bout du monde dans des conditions déplorables. Elles sont aussi polluantes à la fin de leur cycle de vie car leurs composants ne disparaissent jamais de notre environnement. C’est d’autant plus préoccupant que, d’une part, les vendeurs de produits de vapotage ne nient pas que leur obligation légale de reprise des déchets électroniques et électroménagers – catégorie à laquelle appartiennent les puffs – est presque nulle et que, d’autre part, les éco-organismes se déclarent démunis face à des produits qui, même épuisés, sont extrêmement inflammables car encore dotés d’une charge d’ions dans leur pile. Facilité d’usage, disponibilité du produit, publicité déguisée, cycle de vie extrêmement court : tous les éléments sont réunis pour qu’un scandale sanitaire et environnemental éclate. D’après une étude publiée il y a quelques semaines par l’Alliance contre le tabac, 73 % des jeunes de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà entendu parler des cigarettes électroniques jetables et 15 % en avaient déjà utilisé. L’interdiction totale est une mesure de santé publique à double titre : elle permettra de protéger à la fois la santé de nos concitoyens et l’environnement. La santé des personnes n’est pas indépendante de celle des écosystèmes. Nous nous devons d’agir face à ces aberrations sanitaires et environnementales. Je suis certaine que chacun ici partage notre combat et notre volonté. L’interdiction est une première étape nécessaire. J’espère que vous serez nombreux à nous rejoindre pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 664,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p400",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N21551e9c6aa0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPQV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie de nous accueillir dans cette commission pour l’examen de cette proposition de loi cosignée par 166 députés de huit groupes politiques différents. Elle est le fruit d’un travail commencé il y a un an avec les associations de lutte contre le tabac et de protection de l’environnement. Le groupe [GROUPE]-[GROUPE] se félicite d’avoir rapidement été rejoint dans ce combat par des députés engagés, comme le rapporteur [PERSONNE] Notre objectif est simple : interdire les puffs, ces cigarettes électroniques jetables ou à usage unique, qui ne contiennent pas de tabac, mais peuvent contenir de la nicotine, une substance vénéneuse au double effet psychotrope et addictif. Pour éclairer nos débats, il me semble nécessaire d’être clair sur les produits visés par la proposition de loi. Elle ne s’attaque ni aux produits de vapotage rechargeables, qui servent souvent à sortir d’une consommation de tabac, ni aux nouvelles formes de délivrance nicotinique. Nous avons fait le choix de nous focaliser sur les cigarettes électroniques jetables – même si ce choix pose des questions juridiques, économiques et sanitaires – pour ne pas prendre le risque de fragiliser le texte et pour aboutir rapidement à une interdiction pure et simple. Les puffs se sont développées de façon exponentielle et anarchique grâce à un marketing agressif et souvent illégal déployé par les industriels du tabac pour compenser le risque que les générations à venir ne fument plus. Apparue sur le marché français en 2021, la cigarette électronique jetable, avec son format compact, est prête à l’emploi, ce qui la rend plus pratique et discrète que les dispositifs rechargeables. Ces caractéristiques ont permis à des commerçants aussi divers que des magasins de décoration, des kiosques à journaux ou des moyennes et grandes surfaces d’en proposer à leurs clients. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont donc facilement accessibles. De graves contournements de l’interdiction de vente aux mineurs sont constatés et ceux-ci en font un large usage : leur prix est dérisoire, les arômes fruités et sucrés sont attirants et elle passe inaperçue des parents grâce à la discrétion du dispositif. Leur consommation a quadruplé au cours de l’année dernière. Actuellement, au Royaume-Uni, huit cigarettes électroniques jetables finissent à la poubelle toutes les secondes, soit 5 millions chaque semaine. En France, 47 % des jeunes qui ont essayé un dispositif à usage unique ou jetable ont découvert la nicotine par son usage. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont également une aberration environnementale. Le plastique et le lithium qui les composent ont un mode de production très consommateur d’eau et de pétrole, extrait à l’autre bout du monde dans des conditions déplorables. Elles sont aussi polluantes à la fin de leur cycle de vie car leurs composants ne disparaissent jamais de notre environnement. C’est d’autant plus préoccupant que, d’une part, les vendeurs de produits de vapotage ne nient pas que leur obligation légale de reprise des déchets électroniques et électroménagers – catégorie à laquelle appartiennent les puffs – est presque nulle et que, d’autre part, les éco-organismes se déclarent démunis face à des produits qui, même épuisés, sont extrêmement inflammables car encore dotés d’une charge d’ions dans leur pile. Facilité d’usage, disponibilité du produit, publicité déguisée, cycle de vie extrêmement court : tous les éléments sont réunis pour qu’un scandale sanitaire et environnemental éclate. D’après une étude publiée il y a quelques semaines par l’Alliance contre le tabac, 73 % des jeunes de 13 à 16 ans avaient déjà entendu parler des cigarettes électroniques jetables et 15 % en avaient déjà utilisé. L’interdiction totale est une mesure de santé publique à double titre : elle permettra de protéger à la fois la santé de nos concitoyens et l’environnement. La santé des personnes n’est pas indépendante de celle des écosystèmes. Nous nous devons d’agir face à ces aberrations sanitaires et environnementales. Je suis certaine que chacun ici partage notre combat et notre volonté. L’interdiction est une première étape nécessaire. J’espère que vous serez nombreux à nous rejoindre pour protéger la santé de nos concitoyens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p407",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "407",
    "408",
    "409",
    "410",
    "411"
   ],
   "order": 407,
   "text": "Je vous remercie à mon tour de nous accueillir au sein de votre commission pour examiner cette proposition de loi transpartisane Le constat est unanime : les cigarettes électroniques jetables, qui ne sont pas un outil de sevrage tabagique, représentent un danger environnemental et sanitaire. Elles exposent leurs consommateurs, particulièrement les plus jeunes, à trois risques majeurs. Le premier est celui du tabagisme. L’Académie nationale de médecine juge qu’elles constituent « un piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents » et, à l’issue des auditions, nous pouvons confirmer qu’il s’agit une porte d’entrée « innocente » pour les jeunes vers le tabagisme. Le deuxième est celui de l’addiction à la nicotine, que contiennent certains modèles. Nous ne le répéterons jamais assez : la nicotine est un poison. Le troisième est celui de l’exposition du système respiratoire, qui n’est pas encore complètement formé dans l’enfance, à l’inhalation de vapeurs contenant du plastique et des métaux lourds. Nous abordons aujourd’hui la première étape d’un processus législatif et réglementaire qui débouchera, je l’espère, sur une interdiction des puffs étendue à tous les acheteurs, à l’ensemble du cycle de fabrication et à tous les points de vente au cours de l’année 2024. Je compte sur votre soutien unanime et transpartisan à ce texte. Notre unité sera une force puisqu’après son adoption définitive par le Parlement, le Gouvernement devra notifier cette mesure à la Commission européenne, qui disposera d’un délai de six mois pour l’approuver ou la rejeter. Cette procédure n’est pas une entrave à la souveraineté du législateur : elle permet la coordination à l’échelle de l’Union européenne puisque les biens et les services circulent librement au sein du marché commun. Je compte également sur votre responsabilité. Je remercie les députés qui ont déposé des amendements, notamment ceux élargissant l’interdiction à d’autres produits à base de nicotine. Toutefois l’exemple de la Belgique, qui a tenté d’interdire les cigarettes électroniques jetables l’année dernière sans y parvenir, nous invite à la plus grande rigueur. Je vous invite à ne pas dénaturer cette proposition de loi, dont l’objet doit rester unique, et à ne pas adopter d’amendements contraires au droit de l’Union européenne afin de préserver nos chances de voir la Commission européenne approuver l’interdiction en France des cigarettes électroniques jetables. En effet, nous ne pouvons plus attendre pour mettre fin à ce fléau sanitaire et écologique. Le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme, annoncé ce matin par le ministre de la santé et de la prévention, contient des mesures nouvelles et fortes : élargissement du paquet neutre à tous les produits du tabac, accompagnement personnalisé des fumeurs vers l’arrêt du tabac, extension des espaces sans tabac notamment. Elles étaient attendues puisqu’après avoir fortement diminué, le nombre de fumeurs augmente depuis quelques années, en particulier chez les jeunes et au sein des populations les plus vulnérables. Cette proposition de loi constituerait un complément utile à ce programme. Je vous invite donc à poursuivre collectivement le travail transpartisan que nous avons commencé afin de lutter contre le tabagisme et l’ensemble des produits nocifs inventés par l’industrie du tabac.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 513,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p407",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Ne74e53d830c5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie à mon tour de nous accueillir au sein de votre commission pour examiner cette proposition de loi transpartisane Le constat est unanime : les cigarettes électroniques jetables, qui ne sont pas un outil de sevrage tabagique, représentent un danger environnemental et sanitaire. Elles exposent leurs consommateurs, particulièrement les plus jeunes, à trois risques majeurs. Le premier est celui du tabagisme. L’Académie nationale de médecine juge qu’elles constituent « un piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents » et, à l’issue des auditions, nous pouvons confirmer qu’il s’agit une porte d’entrée « innocente » pour les jeunes vers le tabagisme. Le deuxième est celui de l’addiction à la nicotine, que contiennent certains modèles. Nous ne le répéterons jamais assez : la nicotine est un poison. Le troisième est celui de l’exposition du système respiratoire, qui n’est pas encore complètement formé dans l’enfance, à l’inhalation de vapeurs contenant du plastique et des métaux lourds. Nous abordons aujourd’hui la première étape d’un processus législatif et réglementaire qui débouchera, je l’espère, sur une interdiction des puffs étendue à tous les acheteurs, à l’ensemble du cycle de fabrication et à tous les points de vente au cours de l’année 2024. Je compte sur votre soutien unanime et transpartisan à ce texte. Notre unité sera une force puisqu’après son adoption définitive par le Parlement, le Gouvernement devra notifier cette mesure à la Commission européenne, qui disposera d’un délai de six mois pour l’approuver ou la rejeter. Cette procédure n’est pas une entrave à la souveraineté du législateur : elle permet la coordination à l’échelle de l’Union européenne puisque les biens et les services circulent librement au sein du marché commun. Je compte également sur votre responsabilité. Je remercie les députés qui ont déposé des amendements, notamment ceux élargissant l’interdiction à d’autres produits à base de nicotine. Toutefois l’exemple de la Belgique, qui a tenté d’interdire les cigarettes électroniques jetables l’année dernière sans y parvenir, nous invite à la plus grande rigueur. Je vous invite à ne pas dénaturer cette proposition de loi, dont l’objet doit rester unique, et à ne pas adopter d’amendements contraires au droit de l’Union européenne afin de préserver nos chances de voir la Commission européenne approuver l’interdiction en France des cigarettes électroniques jetables. En effet, nous ne pouvons plus attendre pour mettre fin à ce fléau sanitaire et écologique. Le programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme, annoncé ce matin par le ministre de la santé et de la prévention, contient des mesures nouvelles et fortes : élargissement du paquet neutre à tous les produits du tabac, accompagnement personnalisé des fumeurs vers l’arrêt du tabac, extension des espaces sans tabac notamment. Elles étaient attendues puisqu’après avoir fortement diminué, le nombre de fumeurs augmente depuis quelques années, en particulier chez les jeunes et au sein des populations les plus vulnérables. Cette proposition de loi constituerait un complément utile à ce programme. Je vous invite donc à poursuivre collectivement le travail transpartisan que nous avons commencé afin de lutter contre le tabagisme et l’ensemble des produits nocifs inventés par l’industrie du tabac."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793876",
   "speaker": "Laurence Cristol",
   "quality": "Mme Laurence Cristol (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p413",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "413",
    "414",
    "415"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "Je remercie les rapporteurs pour leur travail important, réfléchi et transpartisan, qui démontre que nous pouvons agir ensemble pour servir l’intérêt général Le 3 septembre, la Première ministre a annoncé le souhait du Gouvernement d’interdire les cigarettes électroniques jetables, ce que le ministre de la santé et de la prévention a réaffirmé ce matin. Elles constituent un cocktail toxique pour l’environnement et la santé, maquillé par des habillages et des arômes récréatifs. Le marketing laisse peu de doute et les enquêtes le confirment : les industriels s’adressent essentiellement aux jeunes, voire aux très jeunes, une population pour laquelle nous avons fait fortement reculer la consommation de tabac ces dernières années. Nous devons donc agir pour ne pas ruiner des années d’efforts dans la lutte contre la cigarette et la nicotine. Nous devrons également anticiper l’inventivité des industriels pour contourner les lois et créer de nouvelles portes d’entrée vers l’addiction. Je salue la volonté affirmée ce matin par le ministre Aurélien Rousseau pour développer une doctrine en ce sens. Le groupe Renaissance soutient ce texte nécessaire et proportionné, éventuellement modifié par les seuls amendements des rapporteurs. Nous espérons que le Gouvernement notifiera rapidement à la Commission européenne notre volonté commune. Il est temps d’éteindre les cigarettes électroniques jetables !",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 208,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p413",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N120a2c7f226e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PSV",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie les rapporteurs pour leur travail important, réfléchi et transpartisan, qui démontre que nous pouvons [GROUPE] pour servir l’intérêt général Le 3 septembre, la Première ministre a annoncé le souhait du Gouvernement d’interdire les cigarettes électroniques jetables, ce que le ministre de la santé et de la prévention a réaffirmé ce matin. Elles constituent un cocktail toxique pour l’environnement et la santé, maquillé par des habillages et des arômes récréatifs. Le marketing laisse peu de doute et les enquêtes le confirment : les industriels s’adressent essentiellement aux jeunes, voire aux très jeunes, une population pour laquelle nous avons fait fortement reculer la consommation de tabac ces dernières années. Nous devons donc agir pour ne pas ruiner des années d’efforts dans la lutte contre la cigarette et la nicotine. Nous devrons également anticiper l’inventivité des industriels pour contourner les lois et créer de nouvelles portes d’entrée vers l’addiction. Je salue la volonté affirmée ce matin par le ministre [PERSONNE] pour développer une doctrine en ce sens. Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient ce texte nécessaire et proportionné, éventuellement modifié par les seuls amendements des rapporteurs. Nous espérons que le Gouvernement notifiera rapidement à la Commission européenne notre volonté commune. Il est temps d’éteindre les cigarettes électroniques jetables !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795616",
   "speaker": "Carlos Martens Bilongo",
   "quality": "M. Carlos Martens Bilongo (LFI-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p418",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "418",
    "419"
   ],
   "order": 418,
   "text": "Après cinquante ans de réformes et de programmes de prévention, la proportion de fumeurs est passée de 42 % à 24,5 %. Mais la cigarette électronique a fait son entrée fracassante sur le marché du tabac et, aujourd’hui, plus d’un Français sur trois – 37,4 % – a déjà vapoté. Espérons que les efforts de toute une génération n’auront pas été vains car la cigarette électronique jetable a su séduire, grâce à ses arômes fruités et à son prix attractif, un public qui n’avait jamais expérimenté le tabac, celui des adolescents. Ce petit objet est devenu un véritable phénomène de mode : on le constate sur les réseaux sociaux mais aussi devant les écoles où les petits et les grands brandissent fièrement ce qui pourra devenir l’objet de leurs tourments puisque l’inhalation les expose à des risques de pathologies pulmonaires et de cancers respiratoires La cigarette électronique jetable est également une porte d’entrée vers l’addiction au tabac. Face à la faillite du marché du tabac, elle ne coûte que 6 euros alors qu’un paquet de cigarettes en coûte 11. Elle prospère donc et représente aujourd’hui un chiffre d’affaires de 1,1 milliard d’euros pour ses fabricants. Le groupe La France insoumise soutient son interdiction et votera cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 209,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p418",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N8617e610f031",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Après cinquante ans de réformes et de programmes de prévention, la proportion de fumeurs est passée de 42 % à 24,5 %. Mais la cigarette électronique a fait son entrée fracassante sur le marché du tabac et, aujourd’hui, plus d’un Français sur trois – 37,4 % – a déjà vapoté. Espérons que les efforts de toute une génération n’auront pas été vains car la cigarette électronique jetable a su séduire, grâce à ses arômes fruités et à son prix attractif, un public qui n’avait jamais expérimenté le tabac, celui des adolescents. Ce petit objet est devenu un véritable phénomène de mode : on le constate sur les réseaux sociaux mais aussi devant les écoles où les petits et les grands brandissent fièrement ce qui pourra devenir l’objet de leurs tourments puisque l’inhalation les expose à des risques de pathologies pulmonaires et de cancers respiratoires La cigarette électronique jetable est également une porte d’entrée vers l’addiction au tabac. Face à la faillite du marché du tabac, elle ne coûte que 6 euros alors qu’un paquet de cigarettes en coûte 11. Elle prospère donc et représente aujourd’hui un chiffre d’affaires de 1,1 milliard d’euros pour ses fabricants. Le groupe [GROUPE] soutient son interdiction et votera cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "420",
    "421"
   ],
   "order": 420,
   "text": "Il y a un an, mon collègue Stéphane Viry avait été parmi les premiers à alerter le Gouvernement sur le fléau sanitaire et l’absurdité écologique que représentent les cigarettes électroniques jetables. En septembre dernier, la Première ministre a personnellement plaidé en faveur de leur interdiction afin de protéger l’environnement et, surtout, les adolescents, un public particulièrement vulnérable. Ils sont 15 % à avoir déjà utilisé une cigarette électronique jetable et, parmi ceux-ci, 47 % ont été initiés à la nicotine à cause de ce dispositif. Ce produit fait l’objet d’un marketing ciblé vers ce public : emballages et appellations attrayantes, saveurs évoquant l’univers des friandises. Cette pratique doit immédiatement cesser car la santé des enfants est notre priorité absolue Nous devons viser une interdiction permanente de toutes les formes de cigarette électronique jetables. Depuis le dépôt de la proposition de loi, des produits nouveaux, équipés d’une batterie rechargeable une ou deux fois pour consommer l’intégralité du liquide avant d’être jetés, ont fait leur apparition sur le marché. Ils pourraient donc échapper à l’interdiction prévue par cette proposition de loi et continuer à nuire à la santé des consommateurs ainsi qu’à l’environnement. Afin d’y remédier, le groupe Les Républicains, qui soutient cette proposition de loi, propose d’affiner la définition du dispositif à usage unique en précisant qu’il est composé d’un réservoir de liquide non rechargeable et non remplaçable. Une telle rédaction permettrait d’étendre l’interdiction à toutes les cigarettes électroniques jetables.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 239,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p420",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N97a5f55fcf92",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a un an, mon collègue [PERSONNE] avait été parmi les premiers à alerter le Gouvernement sur le fléau sanitaire et l’absurdité écologique que représentent les cigarettes électroniques jetables. En septembre dernier, la Première ministre a personnellement plaidé en faveur de leur interdiction afin de protéger l’environnement et, surtout, les adolescents, un public particulièrement vulnérable. Ils sont 15 % à avoir déjà utilisé une cigarette électronique jetable et, parmi ceux-ci, 47 % ont été initiés à la nicotine à cause de ce dispositif. Ce produit fait l’objet d’un marketing ciblé vers ce public : emballages et appellations attrayantes, saveurs évoquant l’univers des friandises. Cette pratique doit immédiatement cesser car la santé des enfants est notre priorité absolue Nous devons viser une interdiction permanente de toutes les formes de cigarette électronique jetables. Depuis le dépôt de la proposition de loi, des produits nouveaux, équipés d’une batterie rechargeable une ou deux fois pour consommer l’intégralité du liquide avant d’être jetés, ont fait leur apparition sur le marché. Ils pourraient donc échapper à l’interdiction prévue par cette proposition de loi et continuer à nuire à la santé des consommateurs ainsi qu’à l’environnement. Afin d’y remédier, le groupe [GROUPE], qui soutient cette proposition de loi, propose d’affiner la définition du dispositif à usage unique en précisant qu’il est composé d’un réservoir de liquide non rechargeable et non remplaçable. Une telle rédaction permettrait d’étendre l’interdiction à toutes les cigarettes électroniques jetables."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793644",
   "speaker": "Laurent Leclercq",
   "quality": "M. Laurent Leclercq (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p422",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "422",
    "423",
    "424"
   ],
   "order": 422,
   "text": "Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont présentées comme un produit d’aide au sevrage tabagique alors que, selon le ministère de la santé et de la prévention, il n’existe actuellement aucune preuve scientifique en ce sens. Ces produits connaissent une augmentation significative de leur utilisation par les mineurs. Grâce à ses habillages, à ses arômes attrayants et à un marketing agressif sur les réseaux sociaux – l’Académie nationale de médecine dénonce d’ailleurs « un piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents » –, la cigarette électronique jetable est devenue la star des collèges alors que son utilisation augmente les risques d’inflammation des voies respiratoires et que son taux de nicotine peut être suffisant pour créer une forte dépendance constituant une porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme La composition de ce nouveau produit et son usage unique en font en outre un fléau environnemental dont la vente contrevient à l’esprit de la loi anti-gaspillage. Il fait fi de toutes les initiatives prises pour en finir avec les produits à usage unique. L’Australie l’a d’ailleurs déjà interdit et plusieurs pays européens sont sur la même ligne. Le groupe Démocrate votera cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 191,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p422",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N87d1e464e9c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont présentées comme un produit d’aide au sevrage tabagique alors que, selon le ministère de la santé et de la prévention, il n’existe actuellement aucune preuve scientifique en ce sens. Ces produits connaissent une augmentation significative de leur utilisation par les mineurs. Grâce à ses habillages, à ses arômes attrayants et à un marketing agressif sur les réseaux sociaux – l’Académie nationale de médecine dénonce d’ailleurs « un piège particulièrement sournois pour les enfants et les adolescents » –, la cigarette électronique jetable est devenue la star des collèges alors que son utilisation augmente les risques d’inflammation des voies respiratoires et que son taux de nicotine peut être suffisant pour créer une forte dépendance constituant une porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme La composition de ce nouveau produit et son usage unique en font en outre un fléau environnemental dont la vente contrevient à l’esprit de la loi anti-gaspillage. Il fait fi de toutes les initiatives prises pour en finir avec les produits à usage unique. L’Australie l’a d’ailleurs déjà interdit et plusieurs pays européens sont sur la même ligne. Le groupe Démocrate votera cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p425",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "425",
    "426",
    "427",
    "428"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "J’ai consulté le site d’une marque française de cigarettes électroniques jetables. Elle y vante les « goûts incroyables » – pastèque, ananas, passion, marshmallow, myrtille – avec des slogans accrocheurs. J’ai également visité le profil Instagram d’influenceurs aux millions d’abonnés qui disent que « C’est une tuerie ! » ou que « C’est vraiment trop stylé ! », comme s’il s’agissait d’objets inoffensifs à la mode. Cette promotion auprès des mineurs est dénoncée depuis des années, notamment par des comptes Instagram comme « Vos stars en réalité » Les marques des groupes de l’industrie du tabac rivalisent d’ingéniosité pour contourner la loi sur la promotion de leur produit auprès des jeunes, en utilisant les influenceurs pour atteindre leur public. Ces stratégies sont dégoûtantes ! En 2022, selon l’Alliance contre le tabac, plus de 13 % des adolescents en France disaient avoir utilisé des puffs. La loi du 9 juin 2023 visant à encadrer l’influence commerciale et à lutter contre les dérives des influenceurs sur les réseaux sociaux a posé une première pierre en interdisant la promotion de tels dispositifs par les influenceurs. Je suis ravi que notre commission se saisisse d’un texte plus large encore puisqu’il prévoit leur interdiction totale. Le législateur est pleinement dans son rôle lorsqu’il encadre strictement les dispositifs liés au tabac. Ils sont nocifs pour la santé et ils coûtent des milliards d’euros à la sécurité sociale chaque année, en plus de leur coût moral, affectif et humain. Nous ne le dirons jamais assez : un produit associé au tabac ne saurait être synonyme de détente, de loisir, de lien social. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont en outre une aberration écologique : fabriquées le plus souvent en Chine, elles sont extrêmement polluantes. Elles sont nocives pour la santé, elles favorisent l’addiction dès le plus jeune âge et elles sont l’objet d’une stratégie commerciale dévastatrice. Ces trois critères justifient l’interdiction. Vive l’unanimité dans cette commission !",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 319,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p425",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N3a3c65d2d9d0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILMPQSV",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai consulté le site d’une marque française de cigarettes électroniques jetables. Elle y vante les « goûts incroyables » – pastèque, ananas, passion, marshmallow, myrtille – avec des slogans accrocheurs. J’ai également visité le profil Instagram d’influenceurs aux millions d’abonnés qui disent que « C’est une tuerie ! » ou que « C’est vraiment trop stylé ! », comme s’il s’agissait d’objets inoffensifs à la mode. Cette promotion auprès des mineurs est dénoncée depuis des années, notamment par des comptes Instagram comme « Vos stars en réalité » Les marques des groupes de l’industrie du tabac rivalisent d’ingéniosité pour contourner la loi sur la promotion de leur produit auprès des jeunes, en utilisant les influenceurs pour atteindre leur public. Ces stratégies sont dégoûtantes ! En 2022, selon l’Alliance contre le tabac, plus de 13 % des adolescents en France disaient avoir utilisé des puffs. La loi du 9 juin 2023 visant à encadrer l’influence commerciale et à lutter contre les dérives des influenceurs sur les réseaux sociaux a posé une première pierre en interdisant la promotion de tels dispositifs par les influenceurs. Je suis ravi que notre commission se saisisse d’un texte plus large encore puisqu’il prévoit leur interdiction totale. Le législateur est pleinement dans son rôle lorsqu’il encadre strictement les dispositifs liés au tabac. Ils sont nocifs pour la santé et ils coûtent des milliards d’euros à la sécurité sociale chaque année, en plus de leur coût moral, affectif et humain. Nous ne le dirons jamais assez : un produit associé au tabac ne saurait être synonyme de détente, de loisir, de lien social. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont en outre une aberration écologique : fabriquées le plus souvent en Chine, elles sont extrêmement polluantes. Elles sont nocives pour la santé, elles favorisent l’addiction dès le plus jeune âge et elles sont l’objet d’une stratégie commerciale dévastatrice. Ces trois critères justifient l’interdiction. Vive l’unanimité dans cette commission !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p429",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "429",
    "430",
    "431"
   ],
   "order": 429,
   "text": "Les cigarettes électroniques jetables appellent notre responsabilité collective en raison de leur succès exponentiel et inquiétant. Je salue le caractère transpartisan de cette proposition de loi qui, je n’en doute pas, fera l’unanimité Derrière l’emballage coloré et les goûts attractifs se cachent la première cause de mortalité évitable en France, le tabagisme. L’absence de contrôle de l’âge des acheteurs conjuguée à un marketing agressif et à un prix inférieur à celui des cigarettes classiques font des cigarettes électroniques jetables une bombe à retardement pour la santé de nos concitoyens et un frein aux politiques publiques de lutte contre le tabagisme et toutes les formes d’addiction mises en œuvre depuis la loi Veil du 9 juillet 1976. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables, en raison de leur nouveauté sur le marché français, échappaient jusqu’alors au contrôle. J’espère que nous y mettrons aujourd’hui un terme en suivant l’exemple de l’Allemagne, de la Belgique ou encore de l’Irlande, qui ont déjà voté leur interdiction. Afin d’aller plus loin dans la prévention, notamment à destination des plus jeunes, et dans la régulation des nouveaux produits du tabac, le groupe Horizons et apparentés a déposé trois amendements, dont deux ont été déclarés recevables. Ils suivent l’esprit des lois contre le tabagisme et proposent l’imposition du paquet neutre, l’interdiction des arômes ainsi que celle des sachets de nicotine. Il s’agit d’amendements d’appel visant à étendre le champ de cette proposition de loi. Ils correspondent d’ailleurs à des réflexions engagées par le Gouvernement et qui ont abouti au programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme, présenté ce matin par le ministre de la santé et de la prévention. En conformité avec l’avis de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (OPECST), du Comité national contre le tabagisme et de l’Alliance contre le tabagisme, et pour toutes les raisons précédemment évoquées, le groupe Horizons et apparentés votera pour cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 313,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p429",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nf8ba1872f91e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Les cigarettes électroniques jetables appellent notre responsabilité collective en raison de leur succès exponentiel et inquiétant. Je salue le caractère transpartisan de cette proposition de loi qui, je n’en doute pas, fera l’unanimité Derrière l’emballage coloré et les goûts attractifs se cachent la première cause de mortalité évitable en France, le tabagisme. L’absence de contrôle de l’âge des acheteurs conjuguée à un marketing agressif et à un prix inférieur à celui des cigarettes classiques font des cigarettes électroniques jetables une bombe à retardement pour la santé de nos concitoyens et un frein aux politiques publiques de lutte contre le tabagisme et toutes les formes d’addiction mises en œuvre depuis la loi Veil du 9 juillet 1976. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables, en raison de leur nouveauté sur le marché français, échappaient jusqu’alors au contrôle. J’espère que nous y mettrons aujourd’hui un terme en suivant l’exemple de l’Allemagne, de la Belgique ou encore de l’Irlande, qui ont déjà voté leur interdiction. Afin d’aller plus loin dans la prévention, notamment à destination des plus jeunes, et dans la régulation des nouveaux produits du tabac, le groupe [GROUPE] a déposé trois amendements, dont deux ont été déclarés recevables. Ils suivent l’esprit des lois contre le tabagisme et proposent l’imposition du paquet neutre, l’interdiction des arômes ainsi que celle des sachets de nicotine. Il s’agit d’amendements d’appel visant à étendre le champ de cette proposition de loi. Ils correspondent d’ailleurs à des réflexions engagées par le Gouvernement et qui ont abouti au programme national de lutte contre le tabagisme, présenté ce matin par le ministre de la santé et de la prévention. En conformité avec l’avis de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (OPECST), du Comité national contre le tabagisme et de l’Alliance contre le tabagisme, et pour toutes les raisons précédemment évoquées, le groupe [GROUPE] votera pour cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795010",
   "speaker": "Marie-Charlotte Garin",
   "quality": "Mme Marie-Charlotte Garin (Écolo-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p432",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "432",
    "433",
    "434",
    "435"
   ],
   "order": 432,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi répond à un double enjeu de santé publique et de protection de l’environnement Les cigarettes électroniques jetables font des ravages en termes de santé publique, notamment auprès des plus jeunes. Ce sont 15 % des adolescents français qui les ont déjà utilisées et, pour moitié d’entre eux, ce produit a été celui de leur initiation à la nicotine. Profitant d’un effet de mode, les fabricants ont finalement trouvé une niche avec des habillages et des parfums alléchants qui entraînent les plus jeunes dans la dépendance et le tabagisme, avec les conséquences que l’on connaît sur la santé. Cette niche est estimée au niveau mondial à 5 milliards de dollars en 2022. Elles sont également une catastrophe écologique. Le plastique, le lithium et les produits chimiques qui les composent ont des conséquences néfastes pour l’environnement. Au Royaume-Uni, on estime que 5 millions d’exemplaires sont jetés par semaine, soit quatre fois plus qu’en 2022. Nous allons droit dans le mur si nous continuons à détruire notre habitat et nos écosystèmes pour extraire des ressources inutilement et si nous polluons notre environnement pour produire des objets à usage unique. Comme souvent quand il s’agit de santé publique, tout est lié : la santé de nos concitoyens et celle de l’environnement sont interdépendantes. Je salue le travail de ma collègue Francesca Pasquini, qui avait déposé une proposition de loi il y a un an déjà, à l’occasion du mois sans tabac. Son travail pour protéger la santé des Français s’inscrit dans la continuité de celui des écologistes partout en Europe. Je suis ravie que la majorité et le Gouvernement s’appuient sur cette initiative pour agir. Nous voterons cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 281,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p432",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N2d9c418b43d4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi répond à un double enjeu de santé publique et de protection de l’environnement Les cigarettes électroniques jetables font des ravages en termes de santé publique, notamment auprès des plus jeunes. Ce sont 15 % des adolescents français qui les ont déjà utilisées et, pour moitié d’entre eux, ce produit a été celui de leur initiation à la nicotine. Profitant d’un effet de mode, les fabricants ont finalement trouvé une niche avec des habillages et des parfums alléchants qui entraînent les plus jeunes dans la dépendance et le tabagisme, avec les conséquences que l’on connaît sur la santé. Cette niche est estimée au niveau mondial à 5 milliards de dollars en 2022. Elles sont également une catastrophe écologique. Le plastique, le lithium et les produits chimiques qui les composent ont des conséquences néfastes pour l’environnement. Au Royaume-Uni, on estime que 5 millions d’exemplaires sont jetés par semaine, soit quatre fois plus qu’en 2022. Nous allons droit dans le mur si nous continuons à détruire notre habitat et nos écosystèmes pour extraire des ressources inutilement et si nous polluons notre environnement pour produire des objets à usage unique. Comme souvent quand il s’agit de santé publique, tout est lié : la santé de nos concitoyens et celle de l’environnement sont interdépendantes. Je salue le travail de ma collègue [PERSONNE], qui avait déposé une proposition de loi il y a un an déjà, à l’occasion du mois sans tabac. Son travail pour protéger la santé des Français s’inscrit dans la continuité de celui des écologistes partout en Europe. Je suis ravie que la majorité et le Gouvernement s’appuient sur cette initiative pour agir. Nous voterons cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "436",
    "437",
    "438"
   ],
   "order": 436,
   "text": "Nous soutenons les deux objectifs de cette proposition de loi : la lutte contre l’entrée des jeunes dans le tabagisme et la préservation de l’environnement Les cigarettes électroniques jetables, qui ne sont aujourd’hui pas interdites à la vente aux mineurs, constituent une portée d’entrée vers le tabagisme. L’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives (OFDT) a publié en mars dernier une enquête montrant que l’usage de la cigarette électronique augmente chez les jeunes. Entre 2017 et 2022, la part des jeunes de 17 ans ayant expérimenté la cigarette électronique est passée de 52,4 % à 56,9 % alors que la consommation quotidienne triplait, passant de 1,9 % à 6,2 %. Un sondage de l’Alliance contre le tabac en juillet 2022 montre que 13 % des adolescents entre 13 et 16 ans avaient déjà essayé la cigarette électronique jetable et que 28 % des utilisateurs de cigarette électronique avaient commencé par ce produit. Un rapport de l’OPECST a confirmé la nécessité d’une interdiction totale, mais recommande des politiques publiques partiellement restrictives en la matière. Notre groupe soutient cette proposition de loi. Mais je voudrais souligner qu’elle contient deux angles morts – la publicité par les influenceurs et l’importation de ces produits. L’efficacité de la prévention du tabagisme demande de légiférer plus largement et de manière plus cohérente.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 217,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p436",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nf701581917d0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous soutenons les deux objectifs de cette proposition de loi : la lutte contre l’entrée des jeunes dans le tabagisme et la préservation de l’environnement Les cigarettes électroniques jetables, qui ne sont aujourd’hui pas interdites à la vente aux mineurs, constituent une portée d’entrée vers le tabagisme. L’Observatoire français des drogues et des tendances addictives (OFDT) a publié en mars dernier une enquête montrant que l’usage de la cigarette électronique augmente chez les jeunes. Entre 2017 et 2022, la part des jeunes de 17 ans ayant expérimenté la cigarette électronique est passée de 52,4 % à 56,9 % alors que la consommation quotidienne triplait, passant de 1,9 % à 6,2 %. Un sondage de l’Alliance contre le tabac en juillet 2022 montre que 13 % des adolescents entre 13 et 16 ans avaient déjà essayé la cigarette électronique jetable et que 28 % des utilisateurs de cigarette électronique avaient commencé par ce produit. Un rapport de l’OPECST a confirmé la nécessité d’une interdiction totale, mais recommande des politiques publiques partiellement restrictives en la matière. Notre groupe soutient cette proposition de loi. Mais je voudrais souligner qu’elle contient deux angles morts – la publicité par les influenceurs et l’importation de ces produits. L’efficacité de la prévention du tabagisme demande de légiférer plus largement et de manière plus cohérente."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607619",
   "speaker": "Paul Molac",
   "quality": "M. Paul Molac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p439",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "439",
    "440",
    "441"
   ],
   "order": 439,
   "text": "Notre groupe soutient l’interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Dans ce domaine comme d’autres, le principe de précaution doit s’appliquer. Les études le montrent : ces dispositifs ne sont pas plus toxiques que la cigarette ou d’autres formes de consommation de tabac, mais il est certain qu’ils le sont, et encore plus pour les jeunes Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont vendues comme un produit de substitution à la cigarette alors que leur consommation conduit les jeunes à celles d’autres produits contenant du tabac et de la nicotine. Il existe un effet d’entraînement : on estime que 13 % des mineurs en ont déjà utilisé alors qu’ils n’en ont pas le droit. L’Alliance contre le tabac a d’ailleurs qualifié ces produits de prédateurs de la jeunesse. Leur impact écologique – ces produits jetables contiennent des éléments difficiles à recycler – milite également en faveur de l’interdiction. Au-delà, nous appelons à examiner attentivement les recommandations de l’OPECST, notamment celle portant sur l’obligation de conditionner les produits de vapotage dans un emballage neutre et celle sur l’interdiction des arômes, qualifiés de piège à enfants, dans les cigarettes électroniques.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 188,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p439",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Ne0d1252dfa87",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Notre groupe soutient l’interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique. Dans ce domaine comme d’autres, le principe de précaution doit s’appliquer. Les études le montrent : ces dispositifs ne sont pas plus toxiques que la cigarette ou d’autres formes de consommation de tabac, mais il est certain qu’ils le sont, et encore plus pour les jeunes Les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont vendues comme un produit de substitution à la cigarette alors que leur consommation conduit les jeunes à celles d’autres produits contenant du tabac et de la nicotine. Il existe un effet d’entraînement : on estime que 13 % des mineurs en ont déjà utilisé alors qu’ils n’en ont pas le droit. L’Alliance contre le tabac a d’ailleurs qualifié ces produits de prédateurs de la jeunesse. Leur impact écologique – ces produits jetables contiennent des éléments difficiles à recycler – milite également en faveur de l’interdiction. Au-delà, nous appelons à examiner attentivement les recommandations de l’OPECST, notamment celle portant sur l’obligation de conditionner les produits de vapotage dans un emballage neutre et celle sur l’interdiction des arômes, qualifiés de piège à enfants, dans les cigarettes électroniques."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719190",
   "speaker": "Philippe Frei",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Frei (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p443",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "443",
    "444",
    "445"
   ],
   "order": 443,
   "text": "Les rapporteurs et les orateurs de groupe ont parfaitement rappelé les raisons pour lesquelles les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont un fléau pour la santé comme pour l’environnement. Dans ma circonscription, j’ai récemment échangé sur ce sujet avec plusieurs collégiens à la sortie de leur établissement. Certains m’ont confié avoir simplement essayé la cigarette électronique jetable, mais d’autres ont fait état d’un véritable phénomène de mode amplifié par les réseaux sociaux. Moins onéreuse que le tabac, elle séduit par la diversité de ses parfums qui trompent nombre d’adolescents, qui ignorent que certaines cigarettes jetables contiennent de la nicotine et que leur usage sur le long terme peut faire naître les prémices d’une véritable dépendance Une étude permet de mesurer leur impact environnemental : au Royaume-Uni, huit puffs finissent à la poubelle toutes les secondes, soit une perte annuelle de lithium équivalente à la fabrication de 4 800 batteries de voitures électriques. Notre responsabilité collective en tant que parlementaires est donc d’agir rapidement en adoptant cette proposition d’interdiction des dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 173,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p443",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N6ca9c3b31520",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EPSV",
   "s": "RV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Les rapporteurs et les orateurs de groupe ont parfaitement rappelé les raisons pour lesquelles les cigarettes électroniques jetables sont un fléau pour la santé comme pour l’environnement. Dans ma circonscription, j’ai récemment échangé sur ce sujet avec plusieurs collégiens à la sortie de leur établissement. Certains m’ont confié avoir simplement essayé la cigarette électronique jetable, mais d’autres ont fait état d’un véritable phénomène de mode amplifié par les réseaux sociaux. Moins onéreuse que le tabac, elle séduit par la diversité de ses parfums qui trompent nombre d’adolescents, qui ignorent que certaines cigarettes jetables contiennent de la nicotine et que leur usage sur le long terme peut faire naître les prémices d’une véritable dépendance Une étude permet de mesurer leur impact environnemental : au Royaume-Uni, huit puffs finissent à la poubelle toutes les secondes, soit une perte annuelle de lithium équivalente à la fabrication de 4 800 batteries de voitures électriques. Notre responsabilité collective en tant que parlementaires est donc d’agir rapidement en adoptant cette proposition d’interdiction des dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722390",
   "speaker": "Josiane Corneloup",
   "quality": "Mme Josiane Corneloup (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p446",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "446",
    "447"
   ],
   "order": 446,
   "text": "La lutte contre le tabagisme fait consensus au sein de notre commission. À ce titre, nous devons nous atteler à changer les pratiques et à concentrer nos efforts sur la jeunesse. Je suis convaincue de la nécessité de prohiber les cigarettes électroniques jetables. Elles peuvent conduire à la dépendance puisqu’elles constituent une porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme, sans compter la présence de propylène glycol dont les effets à long terme sur la santé sont inconnus. Elles ont déjà été utilisées par 13 % des adolescents entre 13 et 16 ans, attirés par des goûts sucrés et des couleurs chatoyantes. Dans 28 % des cas, il s’agit pour ces jeunes de leur première consommation de nicotine Il faut agir rapidement. Je suis favorable à l’interdiction de ces dispositifs, déjà prononcée dans de nombreux pays. Ils sont une absurdité écologique et une source supplémentaire de difficultés pour les parents et le corps enseignant, confrontés à cette nouvelle forme d’addiction.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 157,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p446",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Ned76ff11ecd5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ELPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "La lutte contre le tabagisme fait consensus au sein de notre commission. À ce titre, nous devons nous atteler à changer les pratiques et à concentrer nos efforts sur la jeunesse. Je suis convaincue de la nécessité de prohiber les cigarettes électroniques jetables. Elles peuvent conduire à la dépendance puisqu’elles constituent une porte d’entrée vers le tabagisme, sans compter la présence de propylène glycol dont les effets à long terme sur la santé sont inconnus. Elles ont déjà été utilisées par 13 % des adolescents entre 13 et 16 ans, attirés par des goûts sucrés et des couleurs chatoyantes. Dans 28 % des cas, il s’agit pour ces jeunes de leur première consommation de nicotine Il faut agir rapidement. Je suis favorable à l’interdiction de ces dispositifs, déjà prononcée dans de nombreux pays. Ils sont une absurdité écologique et une source supplémentaire de difficultés pour les parents et le corps enseignant, confrontés à cette nouvelle forme d’addiction."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p448",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "448"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "Je remercie les rapporteurs pour leur travail et je me réjouis de voir une forte adhésion, voire une unanimité de la commission sur une question que certains pourraient qualifier d’accessoire. Je pense qu’elle est fondamentale. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables ne sont pas un simple gadget. J’espère que nous pourrons aborder d’autres enjeux sociétaux et sanitaires dans un même esprit",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 59,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p448",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N9c43d158f227",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie les rapporteurs pour leur travail et je me réjouis de voir une forte adhésion, voire une unanimité de la commission sur une question que certains pourraient qualifier d’accessoire. Je pense qu’elle est fondamentale. Les cigarettes électroniques jetables ne sont pas un simple gadget. J’espère que nous pourrons aborder d’autres enjeux sociétaux et sanitaires dans un même esprit"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721828",
   "speaker": "Fanta Berete",
   "quality": "Mme Fanta Berete (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p449",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "449"
   ],
   "order": 449,
   "text": "À la suite d’un signalement d’habitants de ma circonscription ayant constaté que des cigarettes électroniques jetables étaient en vente aux caisses de certaines supérettes, j’avais eu l’occasion, il y a quelques mois, de poser une question orale sans débat au ministre de l’intérieur. Je serai honorée de présenter à ces habitants notre travail transpartisan, qui montre que nos concitoyens ont raison de nous adresser des courriers et de nous demander des comptes",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p449",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N35d401205eb5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "À la suite d’un signalement d’habitants de ma circonscription ayant constaté que des cigarettes électroniques jetables étaient en vente aux caisses de certaines supérettes, j’avais eu l’occasion, il y a quelques mois, de poser une question orale sans débat au ministre de l’intérieur. Je serai honorée de présenter à ces habitants notre travail transpartisan, qui montre que nos concitoyens ont raison de nous adresser des courriers et de nous demander des comptes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p450",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "450",
    "451",
    "452"
   ],
   "order": 450,
   "text": "Je vous remercie pour votre soutien unanime à cette proposition de loi. Il y a quelques semaines, je suis allée avec l’Alliance contre le tabac à la rencontre de lycéens qui nous ont dit que les plus gros consommateurs de cigarettes électroniques jetables étaient les collégiens. Au lycée, la puff est ringarde et les lycéens passent à la nicotine Ces produits se sont banalisés et sont vendus comme sans danger pour les enfants. Dans ma circonscription, un magasin est allé jusqu’à les mettre en vitrine à côté d’ours en peluche. Certes, ces produits étant nouveaux, il n’existe pas encore d’études sur leur dangerosité, mais leur effet aérosol n’est pas anodin, principalement sur les poumons des jeunes, qui ne sont pas encore au stade définitif de leur développement. Quant à l’impact écologique, il est simplement effrayant : au Royaume-Uni, 5 millions de puffs sont jetées chaque semaine. Pour toutes ces raisons, nous avons décidé d’aller vite et droit au but. Vu l’impact néfaste de ces produits, chaque semaine compte.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 168,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p450",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nc1490b2c30a6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQSV",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie pour votre soutien unanime à cette proposition de loi. Il y a quelques semaines, je suis allée avec l’Alliance contre le tabac à la rencontre de lycéens qui nous ont dit que les plus gros consommateurs de cigarettes électroniques jetables étaient les collégiens. Au lycée, la puff est ringarde et les lycéens passent à la nicotine Ces produits se sont banalisés et sont vendus comme sans danger pour les enfants. Dans ma circonscription, un magasin est allé jusqu’à les mettre en vitrine à côté d’ours en peluche. Certes, ces produits étant nouveaux, il n’existe pas encore d’études sur leur dangerosité, mais leur effet aérosol n’est pas anodin, principalement sur les poumons des jeunes, qui ne sont pas encore au stade définitif de leur développement. Quant à l’impact écologique, il est simplement effrayant : au Royaume-Uni, 5 millions de puffs sont jetées chaque semaine. Pour toutes ces raisons, nous avons décidé d’aller vite et droit au but. Vu l’impact néfaste de ces produits, chaque semaine compte."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p453",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "453"
   ],
   "order": 453,
   "text": "Je vous remercie à mon tour de votre soutien unanime. Je souhaite toutefois insister sur le fait que nous sommes contraints par les directives européennes, qui ont d’ailleurs obligé la Belgique à revoir son texte d’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques jetables. Certains d’entre vous ont déposé des amendements. Ils sont intéressants et nous invitent à la réflexion, mais le texte de la proposition de loi a été travaillé mot par mot pour réduire au maximum le risque de rejet par la Commission européenne. Nous serons donc peut-être amenés à vous inviter à les retirer, tout en veillant à préserver le caractère transpartisan du processus législatif, afin que le texte puisse être promulgué le plus rapidement possible vu l’urgence soulignée par Francesca Pasquini",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 (supprimé)Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p389",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p453",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N53ed43ed1de9",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie à mon tour de votre soutien unanime. Je souhaite toutefois insister sur le fait que nous sommes contraints par les directives européennes, qui ont d’ailleurs obligé la Belgique à revoir son texte d’interdiction des cigarettes électroniques jetables. Certains d’entre vous ont déposé des amendements. Ils sont intéressants et nous invitent à la réflexion, mais le texte de la proposition de loi a été travaillé mot par mot pour réduire au maximum le risque de rejet par la Commission européenne. Nous serons donc peut-être amenés à vous inviter à les retirer, tout en veillant à préserver le caractère transpartisan du processus législatif, afin que le texte puisse être promulgué le plus rapidement possible vu l’urgence soulignée par [PERSONNE]"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p456",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "456"
   ],
   "order": 456,
   "text": "Cet amendement est essentiellement rédactionnel. Il mentionne les dispositifs de vapotage « jetables ou à usage unique » : cette conjonction est inclusive, ils peuvent être soit l’un, soit l’autre, soit les deux. Notre texte inclut ainsi les dispositifs rechargeables deux à trois fois",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS27 des rapporteurs, sous-amendements AS31 et AS32 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p456",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N907a0a8dae80",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est essentiellement rédactionnel. Il mentionne les dispositifs de vapotage « jetables ou à usage unique » : cette conjonction est inclusive, ils peuvent être soit l’un, soit l’autre, soit les deux. Notre texte inclut ainsi les dispositifs rechargeables deux à trois fois"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p457",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "457"
   ],
   "order": 457,
   "text": "La rédaction proposée exclut en outre les cartouches : notre texte vise strictement les cigarettes électroniques jetables. Nous sommes tout comme vous préoccupés par la question des cartouches, mais elles ne permettent pas de qualifier de puffs les cigarettes électroniques auxquelles elles se greffent. C’est un sujet qui mérite d’être étudié, mais qui n’a pas sa place dans cette proposition de loi",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS27 des rapporteurs, sous-amendements AS31 et AS32 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p457",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nfa5eb3de1b2d",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La rédaction proposée exclut en outre les cartouches : notre texte vise strictement les cigarettes électroniques jetables. Nous sommes tout comme vous préoccupés par la question des cartouches, mais elles ne permettent pas de qualifier de puffs les cigarettes électroniques auxquelles elles se greffent. C’est un sujet qui mérite d’être étudié, mais qui n’a pas sa place dans cette proposition de loi"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p458",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "458",
    "459",
    "460"
   ],
   "order": 458,
   "text": "J’ai transformé en sous-amendements mes deux amendements AS1 et AS5, qui tomberont en cas d’adoption de l’amendement AS27. Je regrette que cet amendement de réécriture nous ait été communiqué tardivement, malgré le caractère consensuel et transpartisan de ce texte, et bien que j’aie demandé à être associé à son écriture. De plus, nous sommes en procédure de législation en commission : il n’y aura pas d’examen des articles en séance publique ; nous écrivons cet après-midi la version définitive du texte. Sur une proposition de loi également transpartisane dont j’étais rapporteur, relative aux influenceurs, nous avions associé l’ensemble des groupes en amont afin qu’ils puissent sous-amender notre proposition de réécriture Mon premier sous-amendement vise à retirer le terme « électroniques ». Il vaut mieux ne pas présager des évolutions futures du dispositif technique. Le second amendement vise à interdire également les cigarettes électroniques jetables rechargeables au moyen d’une batterie. Une marque pourrait inventer une cigarette qui pourrait s’éteindre et se rallumer : elle ne serait plus à usage unique.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS27 des rapporteurs, sous-amendements AS31 et AS32 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 169,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p458",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N3a21291130f8",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai transformé en sous-amendements mes deux amendements AS1 et AS5, qui tomberont en cas d’adoption de l’amendement AS27. Je regrette que cet amendement de réécriture nous ait été communiqué tardivement, malgré le caractère consensuel et transpartisan de ce texte, et bien que j’aie demandé à être associé à son écriture. De plus, nous sommes en procédure de législation en commission : il n’y aura pas d’examen des articles en séance publique ; nous écrivons cet après-midi la version définitive du texte. Sur une proposition de loi également transpartisane dont j’étais rapporteur, relative aux influenceurs, nous avions associé l’ensemble des groupes en amont afin qu’ils puissent sous-amender notre proposition de réécriture Mon premier sous-amendement vise à retirer le terme « électroniques ». Il vaut mieux ne pas présager des évolutions futures du dispositif technique. Le second amendement vise à interdire également les cigarettes électroniques jetables rechargeables au moyen d’une batterie. Une marque pourrait inventer une cigarette qui pourrait s’éteindre et se rallumer : elle ne serait plus à usage unique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p461",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "461",
    "462",
    "463",
    "464"
   ],
   "order": 461,
   "text": "Le calendrier a été très contraint et, il y a deux semaines, nous n’avions pas même l’assurance que la proposition de loi soit inscrite à l’ordre du jour du 4 décembre Sur le premier sous-amendement, nous partageons vos inquiétudes ; il y a des contournements de la loi, il y en aura d’autres même après l’adoption de la proposition de loi. C’est déplorable. Mais il restera difficile de chauffer un liquide pour produire un aérosol sans batterie. Ce sous-amendement nous paraît fragile juridiquement car nous modifions un chapitre du code de la santé publique qui procède expressément de la transposition du droit européen et de ses dispositions sur les « cigarettes électroniques ». La proposition de loi vise donc exclusivement les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage. Sur le second sous-amendement, nous courons, c’est vrai, derrière des fabricants à l’imagination débordante. La nouvelle rédaction traite la question des dispositifs en partie rechargeables, comme l’a expliqué tout à l’heure M. Lauzzana. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS27 des rapporteurs, sous-amendements AS31 et AS32 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 166,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p461",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nd2808f7df4f3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le calendrier a été très contraint et, il y a deux semaines, nous n’avions pas même l’assurance que la proposition de loi soit inscrite à l’ordre du jour du 4 décembre Sur le premier sous-amendement, nous partageons vos inquiétudes ; il y a des contournements de la loi, il y en aura d’autres même après l’adoption de la proposition de loi. C’est déplorable. Mais il restera difficile de chauffer un liquide pour produire un aérosol sans batterie. Ce sous-amendement nous paraît fragile juridiquement car nous modifions un chapitre du code de la santé publique qui procède expressément de la transposition du droit européen et de ses dispositions sur les « cigarettes électroniques ». La proposition de loi vise donc exclusivement les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage. Sur le second sous-amendement, nous courons, c’est vrai, derrière des fabricants à l’imagination débordante. La nouvelle rédaction traite la question des dispositifs en partie rechargeables, comme l’a expliqué tout à l’heure M. Lauzzana. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718926",
   "speaker": "Pierre Dharréville",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Dharréville (GDR-NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p466",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "466",
    "467"
   ],
   "order": 466,
   "text": "Je souscris à la volonté des rapporteurs d’adopter un texte efficace dans la durée Il nous manque une grande politique de lutte contre les addictions, qui ne repose pas seulement sur la loi mais aussi sur l’accompagnement et le soin. Il est difficile d’accéder à une consultation d’addictologie alors que les addictions peuvent avoir des conséquences graves.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS27 des rapporteurs, sous-amendements AS31 et AS32 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p466",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Ne38e3d22d97a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je souscris à la volonté des rapporteurs d’adopter un texte efficace dans la durée Il nous manque une grande politique de lutte contre les addictions, qui ne repose pas seulement sur la loi mais aussi sur l’accompagnement et le soin. Il est difficile d’accéder à une consultation d’addictologie alors que les addictions peuvent avoir des conséquences graves."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p468",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "468"
   ],
   "order": 468,
   "text": "Dans la perspective de l’examen de ce texte, nous avons été sollicités au sujet d’autres produits qui pourraient être distribués par les buralistes, comme le snus, un sachet de nicotine qui vient de Suède. M. Delaporte évoquait la nécessité d’anticiper. Comment prévenir l’apparition de tous ces produits très addictifs ?",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS27 des rapporteurs, sous-amendements AS31 et AS32 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p468",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nde1f667e20c3",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Dans la perspective de l’examen de ce texte, nous avons été sollicités au sujet d’autres produits qui pourraient être distribués par les buralistes, comme le snus, un sachet de nicotine qui vient de Suède. M. Delaporte évoquait la nécessité d’anticiper. Comment prévenir l’apparition de tous ces produits très addictifs ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p469",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "469",
    "470",
    "471",
    "472"
   ],
   "order": 469,
   "text": "La question de l’accompagnement est essentielle. Le ministre de la santé a présenté ce matin un plan national de lutte contre le tabac. Il ne sera pleinement opérationnel qu’en 2025. Il repose d’abord sur la hausse du prix du paquet, mais prévoit aussi un accompagnement repensé et renforcé. Le sevrage du tabac est compliqué : on dit que la nicotine est plus addictive que l’héroïne. Le discours de culpabilisation n’est pas suffisant Monsieur Turquois, nous voyons en effet apparaître d’autres produits. Mais nous tenons à la solidité juridique de notre texte. Instruits par l’exemple belge, nous voulons éviter toute contestation au niveau européen : bien des produits se situent dans des zones grises, quelque part entre le produit addictif et l’aide au sevrage. Il faudra donc continuer notre travail, et nous serons heureux de vous y associer, monsieur Delaporte. Les délais, cette fois-ci, ont été très courts. Les sous-amendements sont retirés.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS27 des rapporteurs, sous-amendements AS31 et AS32 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Article 1er : Interdiction des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "article_id": "p454",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 151,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p469",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N4b9f36fbf11e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BLP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La question de l’accompagnement est essentielle. Le ministre de la santé a présenté ce matin un plan national de lutte contre le tabac. Il ne sera pleinement opérationnel qu’en 2025. Il repose d’abord sur la hausse du prix du paquet, mais prévoit aussi un accompagnement repensé et renforcé. Le sevrage du tabac est compliqué : on dit que la nicotine est plus addictive que l’héroïne. Le discours de culpabilisation n’est pas suffisant Monsieur Turquois, nous voyons en effet apparaître d’autres produits. Mais nous tenons à la solidité juridique de notre texte. Instruits par l’exemple belge, nous voulons éviter toute contestation au niveau européen : bien des produits se situent dans des zones grises, quelque part entre le produit addictif et l’aide au sevrage. Il faudra donc continuer notre travail, et nous serons heureux de vous y associer, monsieur Delaporte. Les délais, cette fois-ci, ont été très courts. Les sous-amendements sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p484",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "484",
    "485",
    "486"
   ],
   "order": 484,
   "text": "Nous sommes comme vous sensibles à la nécessité d’agir en milieu scolaire. Toutefois, cet amendement s’éloigne de l’objet de la proposition de loi. En outre, en ce qui concerne les collèges et lycées, l’article L. 312‑18 du code de l’éducation prévoit déjà une information « sur les conduites addictives et leurs risques » ; en ce qui concerne les écoles primaires, des séances de sensibilisation à la prévention des risques sont également prévues Nous n’ignorons pas que ces prescriptions ne sont pas toujours suivies, mais il s’agit ici de modifier les pratiques. Nous sommes évidemment favorables à un travail sur la mise en œuvre effective de ces obligations de sensibilisation aux risques du tabac et du vapotage comme au respect de l’environnement. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de M. Paul Molac",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 130,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p484",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N03ed69e727ef",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes comme vous sensibles à la nécessité d’agir en milieu scolaire. Toutefois, cet amendement s’éloigne de l’objet de la proposition de loi. En outre, en ce qui concerne les collèges et lycées, l’article L. 312‑18 du code de l’éducation prévoit déjà une information « sur les conduites addictives et leurs risques » ; en ce qui concerne les écoles primaires, des séances de sensibilisation à la prévention des risques sont également prévues Nous n’ignorons pas que ces prescriptions ne sont pas toujours suivies, mais il s’agit ici de modifier les pratiques. Nous sommes évidemment favorables à un travail sur la mise en œuvre effective de ces obligations de sensibilisation aux risques du tabac et du vapotage comme au respect de l’environnement. Demande de retrait ; à défaut, avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p489",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "489"
   ],
   "order": 489,
   "text": "Cet amendement d’appel vise à rendre obligatoire le paquet neutre pour les produits du vapotage. C’est une mesure de prévention efficace, notamment pour les jeunes, qui sont très sensibles à l’habillage. Les efforts de marketing les visent particulièrement",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendements AS22 de M. Paul Christophe et AS26 de M. Paul Molac",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p489",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N687f0a81f618",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement d’appel vise à rendre obligatoire le paquet neutre pour les produits du vapotage. C’est une mesure de prévention efficace, notamment pour les jeunes, qui sont très sensibles à l’habillage. Les efforts de marketing les visent particulièrement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA607619",
   "speaker": "Paul Molac",
   "quality": "M. Paul Molac (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p490",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "490"
   ],
   "order": 490,
   "text": "Dans la même logique, mon amendement reprend une proposition formulée par l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (OPECST) : la mise en place d’un emballage neutre afin que ces produits n’attirent pas les enfants",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendements AS22 de M. Paul Christophe et AS26 de M. Paul Molac",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 36,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p490",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N61855fe82b8e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Dans la même logique, mon amendement reprend une proposition formulée par l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (OPECST) : la mise en place d’un emballage neutre afin que ces produits n’attirent pas les enfants"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p491",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "491"
   ],
   "order": 491,
   "text": "C’est une proposition intéressante car il y a autour du vapotage un marketing très actif. Elle a été reprise ce matin par le ministre de la santé, qui prévoit de l’imposer par décret dès 2024. Nous verrons ce que contient ce texte",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendements AS22 de M. Paul Christophe et AS26 de M. Paul Molac",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 42,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p491",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Naee956397c59",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’est une proposition intéressante car il y a autour du vapotage un marketing très actif. Elle a été reprise ce matin par le ministre de la santé, qui prévoit de l’imposer par décret dès 2024. Nous verrons ce que contient ce texte"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p497",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "497"
   ],
   "order": 497,
   "text": "Le ministre de la santé a aussi évoqué ce sujet ce matin. Il réfléchit à un texte qui permettrait d’interdire tous les arômes attractifs. Mais la formulation est délicate : nous ne devons pas courir après toutes les inventions de l’industrie pharmaceutique. Le ministère va donc travailler avec toutes les parties prenantes, y compris les fabricants",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS24 de M. Paul Christophe",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 56,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p497",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N10c5064bb79e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le ministre de la santé a aussi évoqué ce sujet ce matin. Il réfléchit à un texte qui permettrait d’interdire tous les arômes attractifs. Mais la formulation est délicate : nous ne devons pas courir après toutes les inventions de l’industrie pharmaceutique. Le ministère va donc travailler avec toutes les parties prenantes, y compris les fabricants"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794058",
   "speaker": "Justine Gruet",
   "quality": "Mme Justine Gruet (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p499",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "499",
    "500"
   ],
   "order": 499,
   "text": "L’esprit de ces amendements est de ne pas tout mélanger. Le vapotage peut permettre à des fumeurs un sevrage nicotinique progressif. La proposition de loi vise à protéger nos jeunes d’une consommation ludique, du fait de l’aspect pratique et du goût de ces produits, inspirés des confiseries L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS24 de M. Paul Christophe",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p499",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nb2b20dc0a0de",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "L’esprit de ces amendements est de ne pas tout mélanger. Le vapotage peut permettre à des fumeurs un sevrage nicotinique progressif. La proposition de loi vise à protéger nos jeunes d’une consommation ludique, du fait de l’aspect pratique et du goût de ces produits, inspirés des confiseries L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p502",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "502",
    "503"
   ],
   "order": 502,
   "text": "L’article L. 3512‑8 du code de la santé publique dispose qu’il est interdit de fumer dans les lieux affectés à un usage collectif, notamment scolaire, et dans les moyens de transport collectif, sauf dans les emplacements expressément réservés aux fumeurs. Le ministre de la santé a indiqué que cette obligation serait prochainement renforcée. Je salue cette intervention : le plan présenté ce matin va dans le bon sens. Je suggère au ministre de la santé de transmettre cette consigne à l’ensemble des membres du Gouvernement, y compris à la Première ministre : il est bien interdit de vapoter dans les lieux publics tels que l’hémicycle de l’Assemblée nationale Cet amendement demande un rapport sur le coût sanitaire du non-respect de l’interdiction de fumer, notamment par des dispositifs de vapotage, dans les lieux publics.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 133,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p502",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nafba606e30bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’article L. 3512‑8 du code de la santé publique dispose qu’il est interdit de fumer dans les lieux affectés à un usage collectif, notamment scolaire, et dans les moyens de transport collectif, sauf dans les emplacements expressément réservés aux fumeurs. Le ministre de la santé a indiqué que cette obligation serait prochainement renforcée. Je salue cette intervention : le plan présenté ce matin va dans le bon sens. Je suggère au ministre de la santé de transmettre cette consigne à l’ensemble des membres du Gouvernement, y compris à la Première ministre : il est bien interdit de vapoter dans les lieux publics tels que l’hémicycle de l’Assemblée nationale Cet amendement demande un rapport sur le coût sanitaire du non-respect de l’interdiction de fumer, notamment par des dispositifs de vapotage, dans les lieux publics."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p504",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "504",
    "505"
   ],
   "order": 504,
   "text": "Demande de retrait. C’est au Parlement qu’il revient d’analyser les suites de notre proposition de loi. Nous ne doutons pas que les organismes de contrôle comme Santé publique France, la Haute Autorité de santé ou l’Académie de médecine, mais aussi les associations comme l’Alliance contre le tabac et Addictions France, se saisiront aussi du sujet L’allusion à la Première ministre ne nous a pas échappé. L’article L. 3512‑8 du code de la santé publique interdit en effet « de fumer » : il concerne le tabac. En revanche, l’article L. 3513‑6 du même code dispose qu’il est « interdit de vapoter dans […] les lieux de travail fermés et couverts à usage collectif ». S’agissant de l’Assemblée nationale, vous savez évidemment que le second alinéa de l’article 52 du Règlement prévoit que « la police de l’Assemblée est exercée, en son nom, par le Président », et donc par Mme Braun-Pivet.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 151,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p504",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N6e06be490d29",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Demande de retrait. C’est au Parlement qu’il revient d’analyser les suites de notre proposition de loi. Nous ne doutons pas que les organismes de contrôle comme Santé publique France, la Haute Autorité de santé ou l’Académie de médecine, mais aussi les associations comme l’Alliance contre le tabac et Addictions France, se saisiront aussi du sujet L’allusion à la Première ministre ne nous a pas échappé. L’article L. 3512‑8 du code de la santé publique interdit en effet « de fumer » : il concerne le tabac. En revanche, l’article L. 3513‑6 du même code dispose qu’il est « interdit de vapoter dans […] les lieux de travail fermés et couverts à usage collectif ». S’agissant de l’Assemblée nationale, vous savez évidemment que le second alinéa de l’article 52 du Règlement prévoit que « la police de l’Assemblée est exercée, en son nom, par le Président », et donc par Mme Braun-Pivet."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B1926@2023-11-28",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B1926",
   "date": "2023-11-28",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B1926.html",
   "source_sha256": "3b5d7c8142f33f81ab9eb72a091f9665c8f25816f97098b17236dce1d0519ae3",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B1926-p506",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "506",
    "507"
   ],
   "order": 506,
   "text": "J’aurais pu maintenir l’amendement car de nombreux citoyens m’ont fait part de leur indignation et de leur incompréhension en voyant certains responsables vapoter dans des lieux fermés. Par esprit de consensus et par respect du travail transpartisan effectué, je le retire L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Arthur Delaporte",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p481",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B1926-p506",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N2be8bf8928a6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’aurais pu maintenir l’amendement car de nombreux citoyens m’ont fait part de leur indignation et de leur incompréhension en voyant certains responsables vapoter dans des lieux fermés. Par esprit de consensus et par respect du travail transpartisan effectué, je le retire L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2389@2024-03-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2389",
   "date": "2024-03-21",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_sha256": "7aafcc2de5a651bfdb285be12f81f6b588413c759cc433e0d84654f08e9657f1",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe, député, vice‑président",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B2389-p55",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "55",
    "56",
    "57",
    "58",
    "59",
    "60",
    "61",
    "62",
    "63",
    "64",
    "65",
    "66",
    "67",
    "68"
   ],
   "order": 55,
   "text": "Un excellent travail a été mené, qui devrait nous permettre d’aboutir à un vote favorable et à un texte conforme à l’esprit de nos instances européennes M. Khalifé Khalifé, rapporteur pour le Sénat. – Nous avons la tâche d’examiner un texte auquel ont largement adhéré les parlementaires de nos deux assemblées. La proposition de loi qui vise à interdire les dispositifs de vapotage jetables ou à usage unique a en effet été votée à l’unanimité, à l’Assemblée nationale comme au Sénat. C’est déjà une victoire dont nous pouvons collectivement nous féliciter. Pourtant, il ne s’agissait que de la première étape. Il nous revient de préparer la seconde : celle de la notification du texte à la Commission européenne. Cette étape est absolument cruciale, car c’est l’avis de cette institution qui conditionnera la possibilité de faire entrer en vigueur l’interdiction des dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique que nous avons votée. Au terme de quinze mois de procédure, la Commission européenne vient de rendre un avis favorable au dossier belge. C’est une nouvelle rassurante pour l’avenir de la proposition de loi que nous examinons, même si elle ne préjuge pas de la décision qui sera rendue pour la France, chaque notification par un État membre devant faire l’objet d’un dossier étayé et circonstancié. Je rappelle que cette proposition de loi se veut une réponse forte à un double enjeu : d’une part, le risque que la progression de l’usage des puffs fait peser sur la santé de ses utilisateurs et particulièrement des jeunes, directement ciblés par un marketing agressif et décomplexé ; d’autre part, l’impact environnemental majeur de ces nouveaux déchets, pratiquement impossibles à recycler, mais produits en quantité à partir de ressources naturelles rares. Grâce au travail accompli dans nos deux chambres et au dialogue entretenu avec les rapporteurs de l’Assemblée nationale, Michel Lauzzana et Francesca Pasquini, que je salue, nous pouvons aborder cette commission mixte paritaire (CMP) dans la sérénité. Je tiens d’ailleurs, mes chers collègues, à vous réitérer dès à présent mes remerciements pour cette collaboration fructueuse. Nos échanges se sont poursuivis à la suite du vote de la proposition de loi au Sénat en février dernier, ce qui a permis de nous concerter rapidement pour nous accorder sur la version du texte à soumettre à la CMP aujourd’hui. L’article unique de la proposition de loi a pu être enrichi de nos apports respectifs. Nous nous sommes efforcés de le consolider tout au long de la navette parlementaire, en préservant sa cohérence et en restant focalisés sur son unique objet : les puffs. Pour éclairer chacun avant le vote, je me permettrais simplement d’appeler brièvement l’attention des membres de la CMP sur quatre points importants. En premier lieu, l’article retient comme définition des dispositifs de vapotage visés par l’interdiction celle qui a été adoptée par le Sénat : deux critères non cumulatifs sont ainsi posés, qui permettent de proposer un texte à la fois agile et englobant. Cette définition s’inspire de celle qui a été envisagée par la Belgique, mais elle va plus loin pour anticiper les évolutions des produits qui ne manqueront pas d’émerger. Plus précise que les seuls termes « d’usage unique » ou de « jetable », elle permet aussi de sécuriser le texte, car la Commission européenne appréciera notamment le risque d’entrave à la libre circulation des marchandises et veillera à ce que l’interdiction soit clairement circonscrite. En deuxième lieu, le champ de l’interdiction, qui couvrait « la fabrication, la vente, l’offre ou la distribution à titre gratuit », a été élargi à « la détention en vue de la vente, de la distribution ou de l’offre à titre gratuit » et à « la mise en vente de ces dispositifs ». En troisième lieu, l’inscription dans le texte d’une compétence des agents de la répression des fraudes pour rechercher et constater les infractions à cette nouvelle interdiction résulte d’une réflexion qui a émergé au cours des travaux d’instruction du texte. Elle a trouvé une réponse par un amendement du Gouvernement adopté en séance par le Sénat, que nous n’aurions pas pu présenter en raison de ses conséquences financières. Il nous a paru utile de préserver cette compétence, cantonnée au strict champ du texte, c’est‑à‑dire aux dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique. En quatrième lieu, nous proposons de retirer la disposition prévoyant une possibilité d’entrée en vigueur différée dans un délai maximal de six mois, qui avait été adoptée au Sénat. Ce faisant, l’interdiction serait d’application immédiate, dès le lendemain de la publication de la loi au Journal officiel. Le texte qui vous est soumis ce matin est donc le fruit d’un travail de synthèse et traduit une profonde convergence de vues des rapporteurs. J’ai confiance dans la solidité juridique du texte auquel nous sommes parvenus, qui fera, sous réserve de son adoption par la CMP, l’objet d’un examen attentif par la Commission européenne. À l’appui du précédent belge, j’ose croire que, dans six mois au plus, la France pourra se targuer de faire partie des États qui auront ouvert la voie à l’interdiction des dispositifs de vapotage jetables. Beaucoup reste à faire en faveur de la réduction des risques liés au tabagisme et aux usages des nouveaux produits de la nicotine, mais, avec ce texte, nous nous apprêtons déjà à franchir une étape importante.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 881,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2389-p55",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N2026c7945602",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Un excellent travail a été mené, qui devrait nous permettre d’aboutir à un vote favorable et à un texte conforme à l’esprit de nos instances européennes M. [PERSONNE], rapporteur pour le Sénat. – Nous avons la tâche d’examiner un texte auquel ont largement adhéré les parlementaires de nos deux assemblées. La proposition de loi qui vise à interdire les dispositifs de vapotage jetables ou à usage unique a en effet été votée à l’unanimité, à l’Assemblée nationale comme au Sénat. C’est déjà une victoire dont nous pouvons collectivement nous féliciter. Pourtant, il ne s’agissait que de la première étape. Il nous revient de préparer la seconde : celle de la notification du texte à la Commission européenne. Cette étape est absolument cruciale, car c’est l’avis de cette institution qui conditionnera la possibilité de faire entrer en vigueur l’interdiction des dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique que nous avons votée. Au terme de quinze mois de procédure, la Commission européenne vient de rendre un avis favorable au dossier belge. C’est une nouvelle rassurante pour l’avenir de la proposition de loi que nous examinons, même si elle ne préjuge pas de la décision qui sera rendue pour la France, chaque notification par un État membre devant faire l’objet d’un dossier étayé et circonstancié. Je rappelle que cette proposition de loi se veut une réponse forte à un double enjeu : d’une part, le risque que la progression de l’usage des puffs fait peser sur la santé de ses utilisateurs et particulièrement des jeunes, directement ciblés par un marketing agressif et décomplexé ; d’autre part, l’impact environnemental majeur de ces nouveaux déchets, pratiquement impossibles à recycler, mais produits en quantité à partir de ressources naturelles rares. Grâce au travail accompli dans nos deux chambres et au dialogue entretenu avec les rapporteurs de l’Assemblée nationale, [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE], que je salue, nous pouvons aborder cette commission mixte paritaire (CMP) dans la sérénité. Je tiens d’ailleurs, mes chers collègues, à vous réitérer dès à présent mes remerciements pour cette collaboration fructueuse. Nos échanges se sont poursuivis à la suite du vote de la proposition de loi au Sénat en février dernier, ce qui a permis de nous concerter rapidement pour nous accorder sur la version du texte à soumettre à la CMP aujourd’hui. L’article unique de la proposition de loi a pu être enrichi de nos apports respectifs. Nous nous sommes efforcés de le consolider tout au long de la navette parlementaire, en préservant sa cohérence et en restant focalisés sur son unique objet : les puffs. Pour éclairer chacun avant le vote, je me permettrais simplement d’appeler brièvement l’attention des membres de la CMP sur quatre points importants. En premier lieu, l’article retient comme définition des dispositifs de vapotage visés par l’interdiction celle qui a été adoptée par le Sénat : deux critères non cumulatifs sont ainsi posés, qui permettent de proposer un texte à la fois agile et englobant. Cette définition s’inspire de celle qui a été envisagée par la Belgique, mais elle va plus loin pour anticiper les évolutions des produits qui ne manqueront pas d’émerger. Plus précise que les seuls termes « d’usage unique » ou de « jetable », elle permet aussi de sécuriser le texte, car la Commission européenne appréciera notamment le risque d’entrave à la libre circulation des marchandises et veillera à ce que l’interdiction soit clairement circonscrite. En deuxième lieu, le champ de l’interdiction, qui couvrait « la fabrication, la vente, l’offre ou la distribution à titre gratuit », a été élargi à « la détention en vue de la vente, de la distribution ou de l’offre à titre gratuit » et à « la mise en vente de ces dispositifs ». En troisième lieu, l’inscription dans le texte d’une compétence des agents de la répression des fraudes pour rechercher et constater les infractions à cette nouvelle interdiction résulte d’une réflexion qui a émergé au cours des travaux d’instruction du texte. Elle a trouvé une réponse par un amendement du Gouvernement adopté en séance par le Sénat, que nous n’aurions pas pu présenter en raison de ses conséquences financières. Il nous a paru utile de préserver cette compétence, cantonnée au strict champ du texte, c’est‑à‑dire aux dispositifs de vapotage à usage unique. En quatrième lieu, nous proposons de retirer la disposition prévoyant une possibilité d’entrée en vigueur différée dans un délai maximal de six mois, qui avait été adoptée au Sénat. Ce faisant, l’interdiction serait d’application immédiate, dès le lendemain de la publication de la loi au Journal officiel. Le texte qui vous est soumis ce matin est donc le fruit d’un travail de synthèse et traduit une profonde convergence de vues des rapporteurs. J’ai confiance dans la solidité juridique du texte auquel nous sommes parvenus, qui fera, sous réserve de son adoption par la CMP, l’objet d’un examen attentif par la Commission européenne. À l’appui du précédent belge, j’ose croire que, dans six mois au plus, la France pourra se targuer de faire partie des États qui auront ouvert la voie à l’interdiction des dispositifs de vapotage jetables. Beaucoup reste à faire en faveur de la réduction des risques liés au tabagisme et aux usages des nouveaux produits de la nicotine, mais, avec ce texte, nous nous apprêtons déjà à franchir une étape importante."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2389@2024-03-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2389",
   "date": "2024-03-21",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_sha256": "7aafcc2de5a651bfdb285be12f81f6b588413c759cc433e0d84654f08e9657f1",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B2389-p69",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "69",
    "70",
    "71",
    "72"
   ],
   "order": 69,
   "text": "Merci de nous accueillir au Sénat afin que nous puissions adopter un texte commun sur notre proposition de loi visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique En novembre 2022, nous déposions ce texte sur le Bureau de l’Assemblée nationale, bientôt cosigné par 168 députés issus de huit groupes politiques différents. Cette proposition de loi a ensuite été inscrite à l’ordre du jour des travaux d’une semaine dite « transpartisane », sur l’initiative de Mme Cyrielle Chatelain, présidente du groupe Écologiste‑NUPES, et de M. Sylvain Maillard, président du groupe Renaissance. Elle a également bénéficié du soutien du Gouvernement, notamment des ministres de la santé successifs : M. François Braun, M. Aurélien Rousseau et Mme Catherine Vautrin. Nous nous réjouissons que cette proposition de loi ait été adoptée à l’unanimité, tant en commission qu’en séance, à l’Assemblée nationale comme au Sénat. Nos débats ont montré que le Parlement a pleinement conscience du danger que représentent les puffs. Ces dispositifs électroniques contiennent généralement de la nicotine, substance hautement addictive, et ont le plus souvent un parfum alléchant : fruits rouges, chocolat, caramel. Ce sont de véritables pièges destinés à attirer les jeunes dans les griffes de l’industrie du tabac et à les faire passer des puffs aux cigarettes. Rappelons que plus de 42 000 morts par an sont attribuables à des cancers provoqués par la fumée des cigarettes ou de leurs dérivés et que le coût annuel des effets néfastes de ce poison est estimé entre 20 et 26 milliards d’euros par an. Les puffs représentent également une aberration sur le plan écologique. Elles comptent parmi leurs ingrédients du plastique, du cobalt ou du plomb, et surtout du lithium. Leur mode de production est une catastrophe en matière de gaspillage d’eau et de combustion de pétrole, tandis que leur recyclage et leur réemploi sont presque impossibles, autant par la faute des acheteurs que de la filière elle‑même.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
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   "words": 318,
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   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2389-p69",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nb76e8b1825dc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Merci de nous accueillir au Sénat afin que nous puissions adopter un texte commun sur notre proposition de loi visant à interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique En novembre 2022, nous déposions ce texte sur le Bureau de l’Assemblée nationale, bientôt cosigné par 168 députés issus de huit groupes politiques différents. Cette proposition de loi a ensuite été inscrite à l’ordre du jour des travaux d’une semaine dite « transpartisane », sur l’initiative de Mme [PERSONNE], présidente du groupe [GROUPE]‑[GROUPE], et de M. [PERSONNE], président du groupe [GROUPE]. Elle a également bénéficié du soutien du Gouvernement, notamment des ministres de la santé successifs : M. [PERSONNE], M. [PERSONNE] et Mme [PERSONNE]. Nous nous réjouissons que cette proposition de loi ait été adoptée à l’unanimité, tant en commission qu’en séance, à l’Assemblée nationale comme au Sénat. Nos débats ont montré que le Parlement a pleinement conscience du danger que représentent les puffs. Ces dispositifs électroniques contiennent généralement de la nicotine, substance hautement addictive, et ont le plus souvent un parfum alléchant : fruits rouges, chocolat, caramel. Ce sont de véritables pièges destinés à attirer les jeunes dans les griffes de l’industrie du tabac et à les faire passer des puffs aux cigarettes. Rappelons que plus de 42 000 morts par an sont attribuables à des cancers provoqués par la fumée des cigarettes ou de leurs dérivés et que le coût annuel des effets néfastes de ce poison est estimé entre 20 et 26 milliards d’euros par an. Les puffs représentent également une aberration sur le plan écologique. Elles comptent parmi leurs ingrédients du plastique, du cobalt ou du plomb, et surtout du lithium. Leur mode de production est une catastrophe en matière de gaspillage d’eau et de combustion de pétrole, tandis que leur recyclage et leur réemploi sont presque impossibles, autant par la faute des acheteurs que de la filière elle‑même."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2389@2024-03-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2389",
   "date": "2024-03-21",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_sha256": "7aafcc2de5a651bfdb285be12f81f6b588413c759cc433e0d84654f08e9657f1",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B2389-p73",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "73",
    "74",
    "75",
    "76",
    "77"
   ],
   "order": 73,
   "text": "Je rejoins l’ensemble des propos qui viennent d’être tenus concernant le fléau sanitaire et environnemental que représentent les puffs. Nous avons travaillé en bonne entente, même si nous venons d’horizons différents. Je remercie notre homologue du Sénat pour la grande qualité de nos échanges Nous soumettons à la CMP un texte qui conserve les apports successifs de la navette. L’Assemblée nationale a présenté une rédaction claire sur l’exclusion des cartouches et des coordinations d’ordre pénal pour que la nouvelle interdiction puisse être sanctionnée d’une amende de 100 000 euros. Le Sénat a ajouté pour sa part une insertion explicite du fait que seront prohibées à la fois la mise en vente des puffs et la transaction y afférente, ainsi qu’une description détaillée des caractéristiques du liquide et de la batterie et une mention expresse de la compétence des agents de la répression des fraudes. Nous vous présenterons trois propositions de rédaction, que nous signons conjointement, dans un souci constant de renforcer la sécurité juridique de la proposition de loi. Il s’agit tout d’abord de prévenir les contentieux que ne manqueraient pas d’engager les entreprises voyant disparaître la manne des puffs fabriquées en Chine et vendues à nos adolescents. Ensuite, l’objectif est surtout de mettre toutes les chances de notre côté quant à la notification à la Commission européenne. En effet, sur le fondement des directives du 3 avril 2014 sur les produits du tabac ou connexes et du 9 septembre 2015 sur divers aspects de la libre circulation des biens et services, la France devra justifier que les puffs, par leur caractère jetable ou à usage unique, présentent une spécificité en matière de santé publique et de positionnement sur le marché. La Commission européenne dispose d’un délai de six mois pour se prononcer, à l’issue duquel seulement nous espérons pouvoir adopter définitivement le texte, soit fin septembre. L’exemple de la Belgique, dont une première tentative d’interdire les puffs en 2022 n’avait pas été validée, mais qui a persévéré et obtenu avant‑hier une réponse positive de la Commission européenne, confirme que nous avons eu collectivement raison d’être très rigoureux sur le choix des mots de notre proposition de loi et de ne pas céder à l’envie de déborder sur le sujet des nouveaux produits nicotiniques. Examen des dispositions restant en discussion",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 380,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2389-p73",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nbee3ef173bc9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je rejoins l’ensemble des propos qui viennent d’être tenus concernant le fléau sanitaire et environnemental que représentent les puffs. Nous avons travaillé en bonne entente, même si nous venons d’horizons différents. Je remercie notre homologue du Sénat pour la grande qualité de nos échanges Nous soumettons à la CMP un texte qui conserve les apports successifs de la navette. L’Assemblée nationale a présenté une rédaction claire sur l’exclusion des cartouches et des coordinations d’ordre pénal pour que la nouvelle interdiction puisse être sanctionnée d’une amende de 100 000 euros. Le Sénat a ajouté pour sa part une insertion explicite du fait que seront prohibées à la fois la mise en vente des puffs et la transaction y afférente, ainsi qu’une description détaillée des caractéristiques du liquide et de la batterie et une mention expresse de la compétence des agents de la répression des fraudes. Nous vous présenterons trois propositions de rédaction, que nous signons conjointement, dans un souci constant de renforcer la sécurité juridique de la proposition de loi. Il s’agit tout d’abord de prévenir les contentieux que ne manqueraient pas d’engager les entreprises voyant disparaître la manne des puffs fabriquées en Chine et vendues à nos adolescents. Ensuite, l’objectif est surtout de mettre toutes les chances de notre côté quant à la notification à la Commission européenne. En effet, sur le fondement des directives du 3 avril 2014 sur les produits du tabac ou connexes et du 9 septembre 2015 sur divers aspects de la libre circulation des biens et services, la France devra justifier que les puffs, par leur caractère jetable ou à usage unique, présentent une spécificité en matière de santé publique et de positionnement sur le marché. La Commission européenne dispose d’un délai de six mois pour se prononcer, à l’issue duquel seulement nous espérons pouvoir adopter définitivement le texte, soit fin septembre. L’exemple de la Belgique, dont une première tentative d’interdire les puffs en 2022 n’avait pas été validée, mais qui a persévéré et obtenu avant‑hier une réponse positive de la Commission européenne, confirme que nous avons eu collectivement raison d’être très rigoureux sur le choix des mots de notre proposition de loi et de ne pas céder à l’envie de déborder sur le sujet des nouveaux produits nicotiniques. Examen des dispositions restant en discussion"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2389@2024-03-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2389",
   "date": "2024-03-21",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_sha256": "7aafcc2de5a651bfdb285be12f81f6b588413c759cc433e0d84654f08e9657f1",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795794",
   "speaker": "Francesca Pasquini",
   "quality": "Mme Francesca Pasquini, rapporteure pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B2389-p79",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "79",
    "80"
   ],
   "order": 79,
   "text": "La proposition commune de rédaction n° 1 des rapporteurs vise à renuméroter l’article qu’il est proposé de créer à l’alinéa 13, issu d’un amendement du Gouvernement adopté au Sénat et relatif à la compétence des agents de la répression des fraudes pour rechercher et constater les infractions à l’interdiction fixée au nouvel article L. 3513‑5‑1 du code de la santé publique La proposition commune de rédaction n° 1 des rapporteurs est adoptée.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "p78",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
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   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2389-p79",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nb3cf743877f5",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition commune de rédaction n° 1 des rapporteurs vise à renuméroter l’article qu’il est proposé de créer à l’alinéa 13, issu d’un amendement du Gouvernement adopté au Sénat et relatif à la compétence des agents de la répression des fraudes pour rechercher et constater les infractions à l’interdiction fixée au nouvel article L. 3513‑5‑1 du code de la santé publique La proposition commune de rédaction n° 1 des rapporteurs est adoptée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2389@2024-03-21",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2389",
   "date": "2024-03-21",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2389.html",
   "source_sha256": "7aafcc2de5a651bfdb285be12f81f6b588413c759cc433e0d84654f08e9657f1",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L16B2389-p81",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "81",
    "82",
    "83",
    "84",
    "85",
    "86"
   ],
   "order": 81,
   "text": "La proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 des rapporteurs apporte une précision rédactionnelle. Il s’agit d’insérer à l’alinéa 14, dans la rédaction issue des travaux du Sénat, les mots « dernier alinéa du », après le mot « au » La proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 des rapporteurs est adoptée. M. Khalifé Khalifé, rapporteur pour le Sénat. – La proposition commune de rédaction n° 3 des rapporteurs vise à supprimer le dernier alinéa de l’article 1er, qui permettait de ménager un délai maximal de six mois pour l’entrée en vigueur de la loi à compter de sa publication au Journal officiel. L’idée était de donner de la visibilité aux acteurs, notamment aux buralistes et aux boutiques spécialisées de vapotage. Toutefois, le délai de six mois d’examen de la proposition de loi par la Commission européenne qui court à compter de la date de sa notification garantit déjà un délai suffisant aux acteurs pour anticiper l’entrée en vigueur de l’interdiction. La suppression de cet alinéa permettra donc une entrée en vigueur immédiate de la loi, au lendemain de sa publication au Journal officiel. La proposition commune de rédaction n° 3 des rapporteurs est adoptée. L’article 1er est adopté dans la rédaction issue des travaux de la commission mixte paritaire.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "p78",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 209,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2389-p81",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N5e2cebcfcfe3",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 des rapporteurs apporte une précision rédactionnelle. Il s’agit d’insérer à l’alinéa 14, dans la rédaction issue des travaux du Sénat, les mots « dernier alinéa du », après le mot « au » La proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 des rapporteurs est adoptée. M. [PERSONNE], rapporteur pour le Sénat. – La proposition commune de rédaction n° 3 des rapporteurs vise à supprimer le dernier alinéa de l’article 1er, qui permettait de ménager un délai maximal de six mois pour l’entrée en vigueur de la loi à compter de sa publication au Journal officiel. L’idée était de donner de la visibilité aux acteurs, notamment aux buralistes et aux boutiques spécialisées de vapotage. Toutefois, le délai de six mois d’examen de la proposition de loi par la Commission européenne qui court à compter de la date de sa notification garantit déjà un délai suffisant aux acteurs pour anticiper l’entrée en vigueur de l’interdiction. La suppression de cet alinéa permettra donc une entrée en vigueur immédiate de la loi, au lendemain de sa publication au Journal officiel. La proposition commune de rédaction n° 3 des rapporteurs est adoptée. L’article 1er est adopté dans la rédaction issue des travaux de la commission mixte paritaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0849@2025-01-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0849",
   "date": "2025-01-23",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_sha256": "2063b76978011b345ea9f0ccff1f12b79429441d81957d8dd6dc91268c714229",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841507",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Bonnet",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Bonnet, député, vice-président",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L17B0849-p58",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "58",
    "59"
   ],
   "order": 58,
   "text": "Je n’étais pas encore élu lors de l’examen de cette proposition de loi, mais je tiens à saluer le travail réalisé par Francesca Pasquini, ancienne députée écologiste de la deuxième circonscription des Hauts-de-Seine, pour que ce texte aboutisse. Elle l’a déposé en novembre 2022 ; il aura donc fallu plus de deux ans pour cela ! Mais c’est une bonne chose La proposition de loi, adoptée à l’Assemblée nationale par une centaine de députés issus de huit groupes politiques différents, est un bel exemple de démarche transpartisane. Compte tenu des enjeux sanitaires et environnementaux qu’elle aborde, il est plus qu’urgent qu’elle soit définitivement adoptée.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 104,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0849-p58",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N48db72e22451",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je n’étais pas encore élu lors de l’examen de cette proposition de loi, mais je tiens à saluer le travail réalisé par [PERSONNE], ancienne députée [GROUPE] de la deuxième circonscription des Hauts-de-Seine, pour que ce texte aboutisse. Elle l’a déposé en novembre 2022 ; il aura donc fallu plus de deux ans pour cela ! Mais c’est une bonne chose La proposition de loi, adoptée à l’Assemblée nationale par une centaine de députés issus de huit groupes politiques différents, est un bel exemple de démarche transpartisane. Compte tenu des enjeux sanitaires et environnementaux qu’elle aborde, il est plus qu’urgent qu’elle soit définitivement adoptée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0849@2025-01-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0849",
   "date": "2025-01-23",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_sha256": "2063b76978011b345ea9f0ccff1f12b79429441d81957d8dd6dc91268c714229",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L17B0849-p79",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "79",
    "80",
    "81",
    "82",
    "83",
    "84",
    "85",
    "86",
    "87",
    "88",
    "89"
   ],
   "order": 79,
   "text": "Nous sommes heureux de nous retrouver au Palais du Luxembourg pour cette CMP et je veux, à mon tour, saluer Francesca Pasquini, ancienne députée des Hauts-de-Seine, qui était corapporteure sur ce texte lors de son examen à l’Assemblée nationale Cette réunion, cela a été dit, est assurément marquée par une double originalité sur le plan procédural. Le 21 mars 2024, une CMP convoquée après une seule lecture dans chaque assemblée, du fait de l’engagement par le Gouvernement de la procédure accélérée, était déjà parvenue à un accord unanime entre tous les groupes. Le compromis n’avait pas été difficile à trouver, tant nous avions, avec M. Khalifé Khalifé et le ministère de la santé, les mêmes objectifs sur le fond et la même prudence sur la forme. Nous savions déjà que l’inscription des conclusions à l’ordre du jour se ferait attendre, compte tenu du fameux délai de six mois pour que la Commission européenne se prononce. Non seulement les observations de cette dernière ont été plus substantielles que prévu, mais le Président de la République a en outre dissous l’Assemblée nationale sur le fondement de l’article 12 de la Constitution. Dès lors, il s’agissait de savoir si les conclusions de la première CMP restaient valables, ou non. Certes, il est déjà arrivé plusieurs fois qu’une autre lecture d’un texte se poursuive malgré l’expiration d’une législature de l’Assemblée nationale ou un renouvellement partiel du Sénat. La réunion de la CMP s’apparente à une lecture distincte de la première, mais également de la discussion éventuelle de ses conclusions en séance. Toutefois, on pourrait aussi considérer comme une seule étape la combinaison de la CMP et de la discussion de ses conclusions. Sous cet angle, une évidence s’impose : les textes adoptés en commission avant la fin naturelle ou accélérée d’une législature doivent être à nouveau examinés en commission, avant leur passage en séance. Le choix de ne pas enjamber les changements de législature a été d’autant plus facile à faire que la Commission européenne nous invite à restreindre le champ de l’interdiction. Ainsi, elle approuve l’interdiction nationale de la fabrication, de la détention en vue de la vente, de la distribution ou de l’offre à titre gratuit, de la mise en vente, de la vente, de la distribution ou de l’offre à titre gratuit de cigarettes électroniques jetables – c'est‑à‑dire préremplies avec un liquide et ne pouvant être remplies à nouveau, et disposant d’une batterie rechargeable ou non –, dès lors qu’elles sont commercialisées en France. L’interdiction est rejetée pour les cigarettes électroniques jetables destinées à être mises sur le marché en dehors de la France ou pour les cigarettes électroniques pouvant être à nouveau remplies de liquide, mais disposant d’une batterie non rechargeable. Par conséquent, notre volonté d’embarquer dans l’interdiction les cigarettes électroniques rechargeables en liquide, mais non en énergie n’aboutit pas. La Commission européenne estime qu’il ne revient pas aux États membres d’anticiper les évolutions susceptibles d’intervenir sur le marché, même si elle n’empêche pas qu’une nouvelle notification soit effectuée le moment venu… Soyons honnêtes, c’est frustrant pour le législateur et regrettable sur le plan de la protection de la santé. Mais l’alternative serait de ne rien adopter et de renoncer à un exercice transpartisan, qui pourra nous inspirer à l’avenir. Dans ces conditions, je préconise une inversion du système, imposant une demande d’autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM) pour tout produit nicotinique. L’industrie du tabac est en effet plus rapide et plus imaginative que le législateur, et de nouveaux produits viendront inonder nos collèges. Ainsi, nous nous étions mis d’accord avec Khalifé Khalifé pour qu’il expose brièvement les motifs sanitaires, environnementaux et concurrentiels pour lesquels les puffs doivent disparaître. Examen des dispositions restant en discussion",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Travaux de la commission mixte paritaire",
   "article": "",
   "article_id": "",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 616,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0849-p79",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N4f7e40f2b380",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes heureux de nous retrouver au Palais du Luxembourg pour cette CMP et je veux, à mon tour, saluer [PERSONNE], ancienne députée des Hauts-de-Seine, qui était corapporteure sur ce texte lors de son examen à l’Assemblée nationale Cette réunion, cela a été dit, est assurément marquée par une double originalité sur le plan procédural. Le 21 mars 2024, une CMP convoquée après une seule lecture dans chaque assemblée, du fait de l’engagement par le Gouvernement de la procédure accélérée, était déjà parvenue à un accord unanime entre tous les groupes. Le compromis n’avait pas été difficile à trouver, tant nous avions, avec M. [PERSONNE] et le ministère de la santé, les mêmes objectifs sur le fond et la même prudence sur la forme. Nous savions déjà que l’inscription des conclusions à l’ordre du jour se ferait attendre, compte tenu du fameux délai de six mois pour que la Commission européenne se prononce. Non seulement les observations de cette dernière ont été plus substantielles que prévu, mais le Président de la République a en outre dissous l’Assemblée nationale sur le fondement de l’article 12 de la Constitution. Dès lors, il s’agissait de savoir si les conclusions de la première CMP restaient valables, ou non. Certes, il est déjà arrivé plusieurs fois qu’une autre lecture d’un texte se poursuive malgré l’expiration d’une législature de l’Assemblée nationale ou un renouvellement partiel du Sénat. La réunion de la CMP s’apparente à une lecture distincte de la première, mais également de la discussion éventuelle de ses conclusions en séance. Toutefois, on pourrait aussi considérer comme une seule étape la combinaison de la CMP et de la discussion de ses conclusions. Sous cet angle, une évidence s’impose : les textes adoptés en commission avant la fin naturelle ou accélérée d’une législature doivent être à nouveau examinés en commission, avant leur passage en séance. Le choix de ne pas enjamber les changements de législature a été d’autant plus facile à faire que la Commission européenne nous invite à restreindre le champ de l’interdiction. Ainsi, elle approuve l’interdiction nationale de la fabrication, de la détention en vue de la vente, de la distribution ou de l’offre à titre gratuit, de la mise en vente, de la vente, de la distribution ou de l’offre à titre gratuit de cigarettes électroniques jetables – c'est‑à‑dire préremplies avec un liquide et ne pouvant être remplies à nouveau, et disposant d’une batterie rechargeable ou non –, dès lors qu’elles sont commercialisées en France. L’interdiction est rejetée pour les cigarettes électroniques jetables destinées à être mises sur le marché en dehors de la France ou pour les cigarettes électroniques pouvant être à nouveau remplies de liquide, mais disposant d’une batterie non rechargeable. Par conséquent, notre volonté d’embarquer dans l’interdiction les cigarettes électroniques rechargeables en liquide, mais non en énergie n’aboutit pas. La Commission européenne estime qu’il ne revient pas aux États membres d’anticiper les évolutions susceptibles d’intervenir sur le marché, même si elle n’empêche pas qu’une nouvelle notification soit effectuée le moment venu… Soyons honnêtes, c’est frustrant pour le législateur et regrettable sur le plan de la protection de la santé. Mais l’alternative serait de ne rien adopter et de renoncer à un exercice transpartisan, qui pourra nous inspirer à l’avenir. Dans ces conditions, je préconise une inversion du système, imposant une demande d’autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM) pour tout produit nicotinique. L’industrie du tabac est en effet plus rapide et plus imaginative que le législateur, et de nouveaux produits viendront inonder nos collèges. Ainsi, nous nous étions mis d’accord avec [PERSONNE] pour qu’il expose brièvement les motifs sanitaires, environnementaux et concurrentiels pour lesquels les puffs doivent disparaître. Examen des dispositions restant en discussion"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0849@2025-01-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0849",
   "date": "2025-01-23",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_sha256": "2063b76978011b345ea9f0ccff1f12b79429441d81957d8dd6dc91268c714229",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L17B0849-p93",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "93",
    "94"
   ],
   "order": 93,
   "text": "Toujours pour tirer les conclusions de la décision de la Commission européenne, la proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 circonscrit l’interdiction aux seules cigarettes électroniques jetables au sens retenu par la Commission européenne, c'est-à-dire aux dispositifs non rechargeables en liquide, que leur batterie soit rechargeable ou pas. Nous l’avons vu, la Commission a rejeté l’interdiction de dispositifs qui pourraient être à nouveau remplis, mais dont la batterie ne serait pas rechargeable La proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 des rapporteurs est adoptée.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "p90",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 82,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0849-p93",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "N035b1c62b229",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Toujours pour tirer les conclusions de la décision de la Commission européenne, la proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 circonscrit l’interdiction aux seules cigarettes électroniques jetables au sens retenu par la Commission européenne, c'est-à-dire aux dispositifs non rechargeables en liquide, que leur batterie soit rechargeable ou pas. Nous l’avons vu, la Commission a rejeté l’interdiction de dispositifs qui pourraient être à nouveau remplis, mais dont la batterie ne serait pas rechargeable La proposition commune de rédaction n° 2 des rapporteurs est adoptée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0849@2025-01-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0849",
   "date": "2025-01-23",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_sha256": "2063b76978011b345ea9f0ccff1f12b79429441d81957d8dd6dc91268c714229",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L17B0849-p98",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "98",
    "99"
   ],
   "order": 98,
   "text": "Nous avions fixé un délai maximal pour l’entrée en vigueur de la loi de six mois à compter de sa publication au Journal officiel, et ce pour laisser un peu de visibilité aux acteurs. C’était sans compter les péripéties du texte. Nous savons désormais que le message est passé, et nous pouvons envisager de supprimer ce délai afin de notifier l’interdiction le plus rapidement possible. C’est le sens de notre proposition commune de rédaction n° 4 La proposition commune de rédaction n° 4 des rapporteurs est adoptée.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "p90",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 87,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0849-p98",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nc87bddfeaf33",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous avions fixé un délai maximal pour l’entrée en vigueur de la loi de six mois à compter de sa publication au Journal officiel, et ce pour laisser un peu de visibilité aux acteurs. C’était sans compter les péripéties du texte. Nous savons désormais que le message est passé, et nous pouvons envisager de supprimer ce délai afin de notifier l’interdiction le plus rapidement possible. C’est le sens de notre proposition commune de rédaction n° 4 La proposition commune de rédaction n° 4 des rapporteurs est adoptée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B0849@2025-01-23",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B0849",
   "date": "2025-01-23",
   "date_method": "réunion décrite dans le rapport",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B0849.html",
   "source_sha256": "2063b76978011b345ea9f0ccff1f12b79429441d81957d8dd6dc91268c714229",
   "genre": "cmp",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720022",
   "speaker": "Michel Lauzzana",
   "quality": "M. Michel Lauzzana, rapporteur pour l’Assemblée nationale",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "puffs::RAPPANR5L17B0849-p103",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "103",
    "104"
   ],
   "order": 103,
   "text": "C’était le sens de la conclusion de mon propos liminaire. Notre problème, c’est que nous courons toujours après l’industrie, qui est très imaginative. C’est pourquoi j’ai engagé le travail d’inversion des logiques, dont je vous ai parlé : il s’agit d’interdire tout produit nicotinique, à l’exception des produits autorisés dans le cadre du sevrage tabagique. Il est essentiel de continuer à travailler sur ce sujet, comme nous allons le faire, d’ailleurs, sur celui du protoxyde d’azote employé comme gaz hilarant L’article 1er est adopté dans la rédaction issue des travaux de la commission mixte paritaire.",
   "top": "Interdire les dispositifs électroniques de vapotage à usage unique",
   "section": "Article 1er",
   "article": "Article 1er",
   "article_id": "p90",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B0849-p103",
   "case": "puffs",
   "annotation_id": "Nc92352a15b15",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "C’était le sens de la conclusion de mon propos liminaire. Notre problème, c’est que nous courons toujours après l’industrie, qui est très imaginative. C’est pourquoi j’ai engagé le travail d’inversion des logiques, dont je vous ai parlé : il s’agit d’interdire tout produit nicotinique, à l’exception des produits autorisés dans le cadre du sevrage tabagique. Il est essentiel de continuer à travailler sur ce sujet, comme nous allons le faire, d’ailleurs, sur celui du protoxyde d’azote employé comme gaz hilarant L’article 1er est adopté dans la rédaction issue des travaux de la commission mixte paritaire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p208",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "208",
    "209",
    "210",
    "211",
    "212",
    "213",
    "214",
    "215",
    "216",
    "217",
    "218",
    "219",
    "220",
    "221",
    "222",
    "223"
   ],
   "order": 208,
   "text": "Je tiens à mon tour à remercier les services de l’Assemblée et l’administratrice qui m’accompagne pour l’examen de cette proposition de loi. Merci également à l’ensemble des parlementaires de notre commission qui travaillent de manière transpartisane et ont rejoint le combat pour une alimentation plus saine en soutenant des amendements lors du dernier projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) ou en déposant des propositions de loi Permettez-moi de rappeler quelques éléments de contexte. En France, près d’un enfant sur cinq est en surpoids. Dès la grande section de maternelle, les enfants d’ouvriers et d’employés sont quatre fois plus touchés par l’obésité que les enfants de cadres. Or l’obésité infantile n’est pas un phénomène épisodique ; c’est un élément prédictif majeur de l’obésité chez l’adulte. Ces constats doivent nous alerter. L’alimentation est un déterminant central de ce phénomène. La prévention doit commencer dès les premiers jours et se poursuivre tout au long de la vie. C’est à la fois un enjeu de santé publique, un enjeu sociétal – l’obésité creuse les inégalités en santé – et un enjeu budgétaire : associée à une vingtaine de pathologies chroniques – diabète, cancers, maladies cardiovasculaires –, l’obésité représente pour notre pays un coût social estimé à près de 20 milliards d’euros par an. Dans ce contexte, comment expliquer l’écart entre les recommandations scientifiques, qui incitent à ne pas exposer les enfants de moins de 3 ans aux sucres ajoutés, et l’offre alimentaire destinée aux tout-petits, qui en contient malheureusement des quantités parfois importantes ? C’est cet écart que la proposition de loi entend combler. Les 1 000 premiers jours structurent durablement le métabolisme, les préférences alimentaires et le capital santé d’un individu. À cet âge, aucun bénéfice nutritionnel ne justifie l’ajout de sucre dans l’alimentation. Toutes les publications internationales ainsi que l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) en conviennent. Pourtant, de nombreux produits spécifiquement destinés aux nourrissons contiennent des sucres ajoutés : saccharose, sirop, sucre concentré, miel. Ces ajouts relèvent d’une logique gustative et essentiellement commerciale – ce sont les fameux déterminants commerciaux de la santé. Le sucre est un exhausteur de goût peu coûteux, qui facilite l’acceptation du produit et habitue précocement le consommateur au goût sucré, selon le principe de la récompense. Doit-on considérer un nourrisson comme un consommateur comme les autres ? Notre responsabilité de législateur est de garantir que les produits destinés aux plus vulnérables soient conformes aux connaissances scientifiques. La proposition de loi pose donc un principe simple : l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux tout-petits. Notre environnement alimentaire s’est profondément transformé ces dernières années, nous exposant toujours plus aux produits ultra‑transformés, riches en sel, en gras et en sucre, sans parler des conservateurs. Ce n’est pas sans conséquences pour la santé. Depuis plusieurs années, l’OMS met en évidence le rôle central de la surconsommation de sucre et d’aliments ultra‑transformés dans la progression des pathologies chroniques. Celles-ci, autrefois réservées aux adultes, apparaissent désormais de plus en plus tôt. L’exposition précoce au goût sucré façonne nos préférences alimentaires : plus un enfant y est habitué tôt, plus il développera une appétence pour ces produits à l’adolescence et à l’âge adulte. Les habitudes alimentaires ne commencent pas à l’âge adulte, elles se construisent dès l’enfance. C’est pourquoi les autorités sanitaires recommandent de limiter fortement la consommation de sucre par les nourrissons et rappellent qu’aucun sucre ajouté n’est nécessaire dans leur alimentation. Or l’offre actuelle n’est pas pleinement cohérente avec ces recommandations. Une part importante des produits de diversification contient des ingrédients sucrants. Les règles sont contournées par l’ajout d’aliments sucrants là où ils n’ont pas lieu d’être – des pommes dans une purée de brocolis, par exemple. Certaines catégories d’aliments comme les desserts lactés ou les biscuits pour tout-petits présentent des teneurs particulièrement élevées en sucres ajoutés. J’en profite pour poser une question : pourquoi habituer les consommateurs de moins de 3 ans au grignotage – au snacking, comme on le dit en anglais ? Puisque l’autorégulation ne suffit pas à faire évoluer les pratiques industrielles, il appartient au législateur de fixer une règle contraignante afin de protéger les enfants et les parents. Ces derniers ne sauraient être tenus pour seuls responsables face à une offre présentée comme adaptée aux besoins des plus jeunes, qui prétend que le snacking est favorable à la mastication chez les enfants. Le texte vise donc à interdire la fabrication, l’importation et la mise sur le marché des préparations alimentaires non médicamenteuses destinées aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge contenant des sucres ajoutés. Ceux-ci sont précisément définis : monosaccharides, disaccharides et tout ingrédient utilisé pour ses propriétés édulcorantes comme le miel, les sirops ou les jus de fruits concentrés, à l’exception des sucres naturellement présents dans les ingrédients de base, comme le lactose dans le lait. L’objectif n’est pas de bouleverser l’équilibre nutritionnel des produits mais de supprimer un ajout inutile et potentiellement délétère, conformément aux recommandations scientifiques. L’alimentation infantile est encadrée par plusieurs textes européens qui harmonisent les règles relatives à la consommation, à l’étiquetage et à la commercialisation de ces produits. Toutefois, ce cadre autorise encore une présence importante de sucres ajoutés dans certaines catégories d’aliments, alors même que les recommandations scientifiques évoluent vers une plus forte exigence. Or l’article 114 du Traité sur le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne (TFUE) prévoit que l’harmonisation du marché intérieur doit reposer sur un niveau élevé de protection de la santé. Il permet en outre à un État membre de prendre les dispositions nationales justifiées par les impératifs de santé publique, à condition de les notifier à la Commission européenne. La démarche du groupe Les Démocrates s’inscrit dans cet esprit. Nous souhaitons envoyer un signal politique pour inscrire à l’agenda européen la question des sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation infantile ; pour encourager une révision des textes à la lumière des données scientifiques les plus récentes ; et pour faire de la France un État pionnier dans la promotion d’une alimentation saine. L’histoire européenne montre que les avancées en matière de santé publique commencent souvent par l’initiative d’un ou plusieurs États membres qui ouvrent la voie. Aux industriels, je veux également adresser un message. Cette proposition de loi n’est pas une sanction mais une invitation à l’exemplarité. La France a toujours su faire de l’exigence de qualité un avantage compétitif et commercial. Nous l’avons démontré dans la restauration, dans l’agriculture, dans la viticulture et dans nos productions artisanales. Pourquoi ne pas faire de l’alimentation infantile française un standard d’exigence et de qualité reconnu et valorisé ? Un produit sans sucres ajoutés destiné aux tout-petits ne devrait pas être l’exception, il devrait être la norme, tel un label. La future loi permettra d’affirmer que tout produit français destiné aux jeunes enfants dans les rayons européens est garanti sans sucres ajoutés. Certains penseront que cette responsabilité incombe aux parents, mais cela suppose une offre lisible et une sensibilisation, qui font aujourd’hui défaut. En agissant dès la petite enfance, nous faisons le choix de prévenir plutôt que guérir. Nous intervenons en amont avant que ne s’installent des comportements délétères qui ont un coût humain et financier important. Ce texte, je l’ai souhaité modeste : je ne prétends pas résoudre le problème du surpoids et de l’obésité. Il pose la première pierre et permet de mettre le pied dans la porte. Il repose sur un principe simple et difficilement contestable : lorsqu’aucun bénéfice nutritionnel ne justifie l’ajout d’une substance dans l’alimentation des nourrissons et que des risques sanitaires sont identifiés à long terme, la protection de la santé publique doit prévaloir sur toute autre considération. Nous ne légiférons pas contre les entreprises mais pour la santé de nos enfants.",
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   "analysis_text": "Je tiens à mon tour à remercier les services de l’Assemblée et l’administratrice qui m’accompagne pour l’examen de cette proposition de loi. Merci également à l’ensemble des parlementaires de notre commission qui travaillent de manière transpartisane et ont rejoint le combat pour une alimentation plus saine en soutenant des amendements lors du dernier projet de loi de financement de la sécurité sociale (PLFSS) ou en déposant des propositions de loi Permettez-moi de rappeler quelques éléments de contexte. En France, près d’un enfant sur cinq est en surpoids. Dès la grande section de maternelle, les enfants d’ouvriers et d’employés sont quatre fois plus touchés par l’obésité que les enfants de cadres. Or l’obésité infantile n’est pas un phénomène épisodique ; c’est un élément prédictif majeur de l’obésité chez l’adulte. Ces constats doivent nous alerter. L’alimentation est un déterminant central de ce phénomène. La prévention doit commencer dès les premiers jours et se poursuivre tout au long de la vie. C’est à la fois un enjeu de santé publique, un enjeu sociétal – l’obésité creuse les inégalités en santé – et un enjeu budgétaire : associée à une vingtaine de pathologies chroniques – diabète, cancers, maladies cardiovasculaires –, l’obésité représente pour notre pays un coût social estimé à près de 20 milliards d’euros par an. Dans ce contexte, comment expliquer l’écart entre les recommandations scientifiques, qui incitent à ne pas exposer les enfants de moins de 3 ans aux sucres ajoutés, et l’offre alimentaire destinée aux tout-petits, qui en contient malheureusement des quantités parfois importantes ? C’est cet écart que la proposition de loi entend combler. Les 1 000 premiers jours structurent durablement le métabolisme, les préférences alimentaires et le capital santé d’un individu. À cet âge, aucun bénéfice nutritionnel ne justifie l’ajout de sucre dans l’alimentation. Toutes les publications internationales ainsi que l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) en conviennent. Pourtant, de nombreux produits spécifiquement destinés aux nourrissons contiennent des sucres ajoutés : saccharose, sirop, sucre concentré, miel. Ces ajouts relèvent d’une logique gustative et essentiellement commerciale – ce sont les fameux déterminants commerciaux de la santé. Le sucre est un exhausteur de goût peu coûteux, qui facilite l’acceptation du produit et habitue précocement le consommateur au goût sucré, selon le principe de la récompense. Doit-on considérer un nourrisson comme un consommateur comme les autres ? Notre responsabilité de législateur est de garantir que les produits destinés aux plus vulnérables soient conformes aux connaissances scientifiques. La proposition de loi pose donc un principe simple : l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux tout-petits. Notre environnement alimentaire s’est profondément transformé ces dernières années, nous exposant toujours plus aux produits ultra‑transformés, riches en sel, en gras et en sucre, sans parler des conservateurs. Ce n’est pas sans conséquences pour la santé. Depuis plusieurs années, l’OMS met en évidence le rôle central de la surconsommation de sucre et d’aliments ultra‑transformés dans la progression des pathologies chroniques. Celles-ci, autrefois réservées aux adultes, apparaissent désormais de plus en plus tôt. L’exposition précoce au goût sucré façonne nos préférences alimentaires : plus un enfant y est habitué tôt, plus il développera une appétence pour ces produits à l’adolescence et à l’âge adulte. Les habitudes alimentaires ne commencent pas à l’âge adulte, elles se construisent dès l’enfance. C’est pourquoi les autorités sanitaires recommandent de limiter fortement la consommation de sucre par les nourrissons et rappellent qu’aucun sucre ajouté n’est nécessaire dans leur alimentation. Or l’offre actuelle n’est pas pleinement cohérente avec ces recommandations. Une part importante des produits de diversification contient des ingrédients sucrants. Les règles sont contournées par l’ajout d’aliments sucrants là où ils n’ont pas lieu d’être – des pommes dans une purée de brocolis, par exemple. Certaines catégories d’aliments comme les desserts lactés ou les biscuits pour tout-petits présentent des teneurs particulièrement élevées en sucres ajoutés. J’en profite pour poser une question : pourquoi habituer les consommateurs de moins de 3 ans au grignotage – au snacking, comme on le dit en anglais ? Puisque l’autorégulation ne suffit pas à faire évoluer les pratiques industrielles, il appartient au législateur de fixer une règle contraignante afin de protéger les enfants et les parents. Ces derniers ne sauraient être tenus pour seuls responsables face à une offre présentée comme adaptée aux besoins des plus jeunes, qui prétend que le snacking est favorable à la mastication chez les enfants. Le texte vise donc à interdire la fabrication, l’importation et la mise sur le marché des préparations alimentaires non médicamenteuses destinées aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge contenant des sucres ajoutés. Ceux-ci sont précisément définis : monosaccharides, disaccharides et tout ingrédient utilisé pour ses propriétés édulcorantes comme le miel, les sirops ou les jus de fruits concentrés, à l’exception des sucres naturellement présents dans les ingrédients de base, comme le lactose dans le lait. L’objectif n’est pas de bouleverser l’équilibre nutritionnel des produits mais de supprimer un ajout inutile et potentiellement délétère, conformément aux recommandations scientifiques. L’alimentation infantile est encadrée par plusieurs textes européens qui harmonisent les règles relatives à la consommation, à l’étiquetage et à la commercialisation de ces produits. Toutefois, ce cadre autorise encore une présence importante de sucres ajoutés dans certaines catégories d’aliments, alors même que les recommandations scientifiques évoluent vers une plus forte exigence. Or l’article 114 du Traité sur le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne (TFUE) prévoit que l’harmonisation du marché intérieur doit reposer sur un niveau élevé de protection de la santé. Il permet en outre à un État membre de prendre les dispositions nationales justifiées par les impératifs de santé publique, à condition de les notifier à la Commission européenne. La démarche du groupe [GROUPE] s’inscrit dans cet esprit. Nous souhaitons envoyer un signal politique pour inscrire à l’agenda européen la question des sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation infantile ; pour encourager une révision des textes à la lumière des données scientifiques les plus récentes ; et pour faire de la France un État pionnier dans la promotion d’une alimentation saine. L’histoire européenne montre que les avancées en matière de santé publique commencent souvent par l’initiative d’un ou plusieurs États membres qui ouvrent la voie. Aux industriels, je veux également adresser un message. Cette proposition de loi n’est pas une sanction mais une invitation à l’exemplarité. La France a toujours su faire de l’exigence de qualité un avantage compétitif et commercial. Nous l’avons démontré dans la restauration, dans l’agriculture, dans la viticulture et dans nos productions artisanales. Pourquoi ne pas faire de l’alimentation infantile française un standard d’exigence et de qualité reconnu et valorisé ? Un produit sans sucres ajoutés destiné aux tout-petits ne devrait pas être l’exception, il devrait être la norme, tel un label. La future loi permettra d’affirmer que tout produit français destiné aux jeunes enfants dans les rayons européens est garanti sans sucres ajoutés. Certains penseront que cette responsabilité incombe aux parents, mais cela suppose une offre lisible et une sensibilisation, qui font aujourd’hui défaut. En agissant dès la petite enfance, nous faisons le choix de prévenir plutôt que guérir. Nous intervenons en amont avant que ne s’installent des comportements délétères qui ont un coût humain et financier important. Ce texte, je l’ai souhaité modeste : je ne prétends pas résoudre le problème du surpoids et de l’obésité. Il pose la première pierre et permet de mettre le pied dans la porte. Il repose sur un principe simple et difficilement contestable : lorsqu’aucun bénéfice nutritionnel ne justifie l’ajout d’une substance dans l’alimentation des nourrissons et que des risques sanitaires sont identifiés à long terme, la protection de la santé publique doit prévaloir sur toute autre considération. Nous ne légiférons pas contre les entreprises mais pour la santé de nos enfants."
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   "text": "Nouvelle séance en commission et nouveau texte sur le sucre : nous voici saisis d’une proposition de loi légitime visant à protéger la santé future des jeunes enfants et à prévenir les effets d’une consommation excessive de sucre dès le plus jeune âge Nous partageons pleinement l’ambition sanitaire qui guide ce texte. Toutefois l’efficacité d’une politique de santé publique ne repose pas uniquement sur l’interdiction. Elle suppose également de garantir la solidité scientifique des mesures à adopter et d’accompagner les familles par une information claire et compréhensible. Nous défendrons donc des amendements dans l’espoir d’améliorer la sécurité juridique et la pertinence sanitaire du dispositif, notamment en prévoyant l’avis de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses). L’exigence de rigueur scientifique est essentielle pour assurer la cohérence, la lisibilité et la crédibilité des politiques publiques. La prévention nutritionnelle auprès du jeune enfant ne peut être pleinement efficace sans l’adhésion des parents et des aidants. Les premières habitudes alimentaires se construisent très tôt, et l’accompagnement des familles constitue un levier déterminant. Il est donc nécessaire de s’assurer de la diffusion d’une information claire sur les recommandations relatives à la consommation de sucre par les jeunes enfants en s’appuyant sur les dispositifs existants. Notre démarche est simple : sécuriser juridiquement, renforcer scientifiquement et améliorer la prévention afin que la loi produise des effets concrets, durables et compréhensibles pour tous. Notre groupe accueille positivement ce texte, mais nous souhaitons que l’information et la prévention occupent une place plus centrale dans le dispositif. C’est par l’accompagnement des familles et leur bonne compréhension des recommandations que la santé publique progressera réellement.",
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   ],
   "order": 230,
   "text": "À l’instar de la proposition de loi pour une génération sans sucre du groupe Écologiste et Social, le texte présenté par le groupe Les Démocrates vise à apporter une réponse à un problème de santé publique préoccupant, qui s’accentue sournoisement : les mauvaises habitudes alimentaires, notamment celles que l’on instille dès leur plus jeune âge à nos enfants, dont les conséquences sur la santé peuvent être dramatiques Le texte part d’un constat sanitaire préoccupant dressé par l’OMS, sur la base duquel elle recommande de ne pas ajouter de sucres ni d’agents sucrants dans l’alimentation infantile. En France, la progression de l’obésité et du surpoids – qui touche un adulte sur deux – est largement liée aux habitudes alimentaires, notamment à la consommation de produits ultra‑transformés et de sucres ajoutés. De plus, 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids et 6 % souffrent d’obésité. Ces chiffres croissent de manière continue depuis deux décennies. Depuis 2017, la politique menée par la majorité présidentielle en matière de lutte contre l’obésité, en particulier infantile, repose sur une approche globale et pragmatique, pas uniquement prohibitive. Elle s’est traduite par le déploiement et la consolidation du nutri-score, le renforcement des programmes de prévention et d’éducation à la santé dès le plus jeune âge, et une action sur la restauration collective et scolaire. À ce titre, le groupe Ensemble pour la République a présenté récemment, à l’initiative d’Olivia Grégoire, la proposition de loi d’expérimentation pour l’instauration d’un enseignement d’éducation à l’alimentation obligatoire à l’école. L’accoutumance au sucre dès le plus jeune âge peut créer une addiction dramatique pour la santé de nos enfants. Nous devons la combattre. L’article unique de la proposition de loi interdit la commercialisation de produits contenant des sucres ajoutés dans les préparations destinées aux nourrissons. C’est une mesure claire et scientifiquement étayée, dont la rédaction demande toutefois quelques corrections qui feront l’objet d’amendements du groupe EPR. Partageant pleinement l’objectif de protection de la santé des enfants, le groupe EPR soutiendra la proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 331,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p230",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N705c0fedb3f7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "À l’instar de la proposition de loi pour une génération sans sucre du groupe [GROUPE], le texte présenté par le groupe [GROUPE] vise à apporter une réponse à un problème de santé publique préoccupant, qui s’accentue sournoisement : les mauvaises habitudes alimentaires, notamment celles que l’on instille dès leur plus jeune âge à nos enfants, dont les conséquences sur la santé peuvent être dramatiques Le texte part d’un constat sanitaire préoccupant dressé par l’OMS, sur la base duquel elle recommande de ne pas ajouter de sucres ni d’agents sucrants dans l’alimentation infantile. En France, la progression de l’obésité et du surpoids – qui touche un adulte sur deux – est largement liée aux habitudes alimentaires, notamment à la consommation de produits ultra‑transformés et de sucres ajoutés. De plus, 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids et 6 % souffrent d’obésité. Ces chiffres croissent de manière continue depuis deux décennies. Depuis 2017, la politique menée par la majorité présidentielle en matière de lutte contre l’obésité, en particulier infantile, repose sur une approche globale et pragmatique, pas uniquement prohibitive. Elle s’est traduite par le déploiement et la consolidation du nutri-score, le renforcement des programmes de prévention et d’éducation à la santé dès le plus jeune âge, et une action sur la restauration collective et scolaire. À ce titre, le groupe [GROUPE] a présenté récemment, à l’initiative d’[PERSONNE], la proposition de loi d’expérimentation pour l’instauration d’un enseignement d’éducation à l’alimentation obligatoire à l’école. L’accoutumance au sucre dès le plus jeune âge peut créer une addiction dramatique pour la santé de nos enfants. Nous devons la combattre. L’article unique de la proposition de loi interdit la commercialisation de produits contenant des sucres ajoutés dans les préparations destinées aux nourrissons. C’est une mesure claire et scientifiquement étayée, dont la rédaction demande toutefois quelques corrections qui feront l’objet d’amendements du groupe [GROUPE]. Partageant pleinement l’objectif de protection de la santé des enfants, le groupe [GROUPE] soutiendra la proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p236",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "236",
    "237",
    "238",
    "239"
   ],
   "order": 236,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi est beaucoup moins ambitieuse que celle qu’a présentée notre collègue Sabrina Sebaihi il y a trois semaines. Il est bien sûr nécessaire de réduire la concentration de sucre dans les aliments des plus jeunes : le surpoids pourrait concerner un enfant sur trois à l’horizon 2030, et l’une des causes en est la consommation de sucre. Il en découle des maladies graves comme l’obésité, le diabète et les maladies cardiovasculaires On ne peut lutter contre ces maladies par des taxes comportementales qui s’appliqueront aux produits les moins chers et pèseront donc sur les familles les plus précaires. Les responsables sont l’agro-industrie et ses lobbys. On ne saurait donc lutter contre ces maladies sans avoir conscience de leur caractère politique. Depuis 2018, mon collègue Loïc Prud’homme alerte sur les produits ultra‑transformés à destination des enfants. L’Anses a retrouvé jusque dans les petits pots pour bébés des composés néoformés, des résidus de pesticides et des hydrocarbures à effet neurotoxique et cancérigène. L’acte II de la loi Duplomb montre que ces dangers ne sont pas pris au sérieux. Les gouvernements successifs ne s’attaquent pas aux causes des maladies. La sécurité alimentaire n’est plus contrôlée par l’État dans notre pays – j’en veux pour preuve le scandale des laits infantiles contaminés de Nestlé et Lactalis qui a éclaté en décembre dernier. Les lobbys de l’agro‑industrie ont milité pour un affaiblissement du cadre réglementaire et du contrôle des aliments. Les effectifs de la direction ministérielle chargés des contrôles ont ainsi diminué de 25 % ces quinze dernières années. Dès lors, comment nous assurer que les industriels ne contournent pas l’interdiction en modifiant simplement leurs emballages ? Oui, il est temps d’interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux plus jeunes, mais il est surtout temps d’acter une définition des aliments ultra‑transformés, de donner aux familles les moyens de connaître la qualité des aliments qui sont dans leurs assiettes et de stopper les industriels qui empoisonnent sans vergogne.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 327,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p236",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N0cde52dd17c8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEILMPQS",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi est beaucoup moins ambitieuse que celle qu’a présentée notre collègue [PERSONNE] il y a trois semaines. Il est bien sûr nécessaire de réduire la concentration de sucre dans les aliments des plus jeunes : le surpoids pourrait concerner un enfant sur trois à l’horizon 2030, et l’une des causes en est la consommation de sucre. Il en découle des maladies graves comme l’obésité, le diabète et les maladies cardiovasculaires On ne peut lutter contre ces maladies par des taxes comportementales qui s’appliqueront aux produits les moins chers et pèseront donc sur les familles les plus précaires. Les responsables sont l’agro-industrie et ses lobbys. On ne saurait donc lutter contre ces maladies sans avoir conscience de leur caractère politique. Depuis 2018, mon collègue Loïc Prud’homme alerte sur les produits ultra‑transformés à destination des enfants. L’Anses a retrouvé jusque dans les petits pots pour bébés des composés néoformés, des résidus de pesticides et des hydrocarbures à effet neurotoxique et cancérigène. L’acte II de la loi Duplomb montre que ces dangers ne sont pas pris au sérieux. Les gouvernements successifs ne s’attaquent pas aux causes des maladies. La sécurité alimentaire n’est plus contrôlée par l’État dans notre pays – j’en veux pour preuve le scandale des laits infantiles contaminés de Nestlé et Lactalis qui a éclaté en décembre dernier. Les lobbys de l’agro‑industrie ont milité pour un affaiblissement du cadre réglementaire et du contrôle des aliments. Les effectifs de la direction ministérielle chargés des contrôles ont ainsi diminué de 25 % ces quinze dernières années. Dès lors, comment nous assurer que les industriels ne contournent pas l’interdiction en modifiant simplement leurs emballages ? Oui, il est temps d’interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux plus jeunes, mais il est surtout temps d’acter une définition des aliments ultra‑transformés, de donner aux familles les moyens de connaître la qualité des aliments qui sont dans leurs assiettes et de stopper les industriels qui empoisonnent sans vergogne."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841681",
   "speaker": "Thierry Sother",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Sother (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p240",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "240",
    "241",
    "242",
    "243",
    "244"
   ],
   "order": 240,
   "text": "Combien d’entre vous ont déjà donné à leur nourrisson une cigarette à fumer ou un jeu à gratter ? La réponse semble simple. Ces produits addictifs ont en commun d’activer le circuit de la récompense et de libérer la dopamine, qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la motivation : elle amplifie la désirabilité d’une consommation et peut être à l’origine d’une addiction. Les taux normaux de dopamine sont doublés par la consommation d’alcool ou de nicotine, comme par la consommation de sucre La nourriture qu’on nous donne à consommer est conçue pour être irrésistible : plus un produit contient de sucre, plus il nous fera envie et plus nous en achèterons. C’est ainsi que depuis 1800, notre consommation de sucre double tous les cinquante ans. L’addiction n’a pas seulement pour effet d’augmenter la consommation des mauvais produits, elle fait aussi baisser leur coût. À 1 euro le kilo sur les marchés, le sucre défie toute concurrence. Voilà les raisons pour lesquelles on le retrouve partout : il reconfigure nos palais et il rapporte énormément d’argent. Pourtant, on meurt de la surconsommation de sucre. Il peut être à l’origine de surpoids, d’obésité et de maladies associés comme le diabète de type 2, les maladies cardiovasculaires et certains cancers. Près d’un Français sur deux est en surpoids, comme près d’un quart des jeunes, si bien qu’on prédit une épidémie de diabète pour la prochaine génération. Nos plus jeunes enfants n’échappent pas aux méthodes délétères des industriels. On introduit désormais du sucre dans les premières préparations alimentaires de l’enfant de sorte que son addiction commence le plus tôt possible et que ses habitudes alimentaires profitent à jamais aux industriels. Ces méthodes, si nous ne les encadrons pas, produiront des générations entières d’individus aux comportements alimentaires délétères, qui affecteront la santé publique. C’est pourquoi le groupe Socialistes remercie M. le rapporteur et soutient la proposition de loi, qui s’inscrit dans une longue lignée de travaux ayant contribué à sensibiliser la représentation nationale.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 328,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p240",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N10b4ee4bcf31",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Combien d’entre vous ont déjà donné à leur nourrisson une cigarette à fumer ou un jeu à gratter ? La réponse semble simple. Ces produits addictifs ont en commun d’activer le circuit de la récompense et de libérer la dopamine, qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la motivation : elle amplifie la désirabilité d’une consommation et peut être à l’origine d’une addiction. Les taux normaux de dopamine sont doublés par la consommation d’alcool ou de nicotine, comme par la consommation de sucre La nourriture qu’on nous donne à consommer est conçue pour être irrésistible : plus un produit contient de sucre, plus il nous fera envie et plus nous en achèterons. C’est ainsi que depuis 1800, notre consommation de sucre double tous les cinquante ans. L’addiction n’a pas seulement pour effet d’augmenter la consommation des mauvais produits, elle fait aussi baisser leur coût. À 1 euro le kilo sur les marchés, le sucre défie toute concurrence. Voilà les raisons pour lesquelles on le retrouve partout : il reconfigure nos palais et il rapporte énormément d’argent. Pourtant, on meurt de la surconsommation de sucre. Il peut être à l’origine de surpoids, d’obésité et de maladies associés comme le diabète de type 2, les maladies cardiovasculaires et certains cancers. Près d’un Français sur deux est en surpoids, comme près d’un quart des jeunes, si bien qu’on prédit une épidémie de diabète pour la prochaine génération. Nos plus jeunes enfants n’échappent pas aux méthodes délétères des industriels. On introduit désormais du sucre dans les premières préparations alimentaires de l’enfant de sorte que son addiction commence le plus tôt possible et que ses habitudes alimentaires profitent à jamais aux industriels. Ces méthodes, si nous ne les encadrons pas, produiront des générations entières d’individus aux comportements alimentaires délétères, qui affecteront la santé publique. C’est pourquoi le groupe Socialistes remercie M. le rapporteur et soutient la proposition de loi, qui s’inscrit dans une longue lignée de travaux ayant contribué à sensibiliser la représentation nationale."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p245",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "245",
    "246",
    "247",
    "248",
    "249"
   ],
   "order": 245,
   "text": "Il est temps que nous nous attaquions à la malbouffe sur tous les fronts et à tous les âges. Je salue l’initiative de Cyrille Isaac-Sibille concernant un enjeu majeur de santé publique : la protection nutritionnelle des plus jeunes Ce que nous mangeons dans la petite enfance façonne durablement nos préférences alimentaires, notre métabolisme et notre trajectoire de santé. Dès l’âge de 3 mois, on peut observer dans les coronaires des bébés les premières stries lipidiques, qui sont l’ancêtre de la plaque d’athérome. Les données sont préoccupantes : près d’un enfant sur cinq est en surpoids ou obèse – je salue le travail de Sabrina Sebaihi pour promouvoir une génération sans sucre. À l’échelle mondiale, l’obésité infantile progresse depuis des décennies, largement sous l’effet d’une exposition précoce – parfois avant même l’acquisition du langage – à une alimentation trop sucrée et trop transformée. De nombreux produits destinés aux nourrissons contiennent des sucres ajoutés sans bénéfice nutritionnel. Cela crée une accoutumance au goût sucré, favorise le grignotage et contribue au développement des maladies chroniques, dont le diabète de type 2, qui apparaît de plus en plus tôt. Devons-nous accepter que des produits spécifiquement conçus pour les nourrissons contiennent des sucres ajoutés inutiles, pour des raisons commerciales ? Évidemment non. Le texte qui nous est soumis fait écho aux travaux que je mène avec Agnès Pannier-Runacher sur la place croissante des produits ultra‑transformés dans notre alimentation et la publicité qui en est faite auprès des plus jeunes. Ces produits, qui représentent 35 % des apports caloriques des Français, sont associés à un risque accru d’obésité, de diabète et de maladies cardiovasculaires. Il nous faut agir au plus tôt. L’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation infantile est une mesure de bon sens. Elle garantit que les produits répondent aux besoins physiologiques des tout-petits pour éviter, demain, des souffrances humaines et un coût considérable pour notre système de santé. Pour toutes ces raisons, mon groupe votera en faveur de la proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 329,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p245",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N88b2dbc3ebc7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Il est temps que nous nous attaquions à la malbouffe sur tous les fronts et à tous les âges. Je salue l’initiative de [PERSONNE] concernant un enjeu majeur de santé publique : la protection nutritionnelle des plus jeunes Ce que nous mangeons dans la petite enfance façonne durablement nos préférences alimentaires, notre métabolisme et notre trajectoire de santé. Dès l’âge de 3 mois, on peut observer dans les coronaires des bébés les premières stries lipidiques, qui sont l’ancêtre de la plaque d’athérome. Les données sont préoccupantes : près d’un enfant sur cinq est en surpoids ou obèse – je salue le travail de [PERSONNE] pour promouvoir une génération sans sucre. À l’échelle mondiale, l’obésité infantile progresse depuis des décennies, largement sous l’effet d’une exposition précoce – parfois avant même l’acquisition du langage – à une alimentation trop sucrée et trop transformée. De nombreux produits destinés aux nourrissons contiennent des sucres ajoutés sans bénéfice nutritionnel. Cela crée une accoutumance au goût sucré, favorise le grignotage et contribue au développement des maladies chroniques, dont le diabète de type 2, qui apparaît de plus en plus tôt. Devons-nous accepter que des produits spécifiquement conçus pour les nourrissons contiennent des sucres ajoutés inutiles, pour des raisons commerciales ? Évidemment non. Le texte qui nous est soumis fait écho aux travaux que je mène avec [PERSONNE] sur la place croissante des produits ultra‑transformés dans notre alimentation et la publicité qui en est faite auprès des plus jeunes. Ces produits, qui représentent 35 % des apports caloriques des Français, sont associés à un risque accru d’obésité, de diabète et de maladies cardiovasculaires. Il nous faut agir au plus tôt. L’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation infantile est une mesure de bon sens. Elle garantit que les produits répondent aux besoins physiologiques des tout-petits pour éviter, demain, des souffrances humaines et un coût considérable pour notre système de santé. Pour toutes ces raisons, mon groupe votera en faveur de la proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p250",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "250",
    "251",
    "252",
    "253",
    "254"
   ],
   "order": 250,
   "text": "La santé de nos enfants mérite mieux que des demi‑mesures et surtout mieux que l’indifférence qui a trop longtemps régné, car la réalité est là : 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids, 6 % souffrent d’obésité et les trois quarts dépassent déjà les apports journaliers en sucre recommandés Nous ne sommes pas ici pour élaborer une nouvelle norme sanitaire, mais pour garantir aux enfants une protection en traçant une frontière entre leur intérêt et les stratégies commerciales qui capturent leur santé dès le berceau. Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation des nourrissons est une première mesure, un acte de responsabilité nécessaire car l’habituation au sucre – on pourrait presque parler désormais d’addiction – dès le plus jeune âge est un danger encore trop souvent sous-estimé. Mais il aurait été plus juste d’aller au bout de la logique. Exclure les laits infantiles et faire l’impasse sur le marketing alimentaire, c’est laisser subsister des failles que les industriels ne manqueront pas d’exploiter. Face à un enjeu de santé publique d’une telle ampleur, on ne peut pas se satisfaire d’un cadre minimal. Pourtant, nous choisissons d’avancer, car rejeter ce texte au motif qu’il n’est pas parfait serait tout aussi inélégant que de nier l’urgence sanitaire à laquelle nous faisons face. Ce texte est un timide premier pas et ne doit certainement pas être le dernier. Notre responsabilité collective est claire : nous devons construire un environnement alimentaire qui protège réellement les enfants, qui rompe avec la banalisation du sucre et qui mette enfin la puissance publique du côté de la santé plutôt que des intérêts économiques. C’est avec cette hauteur de vue et dans un esprit d’exigence et de responsabilité que le groupe Écologiste et Social votera la proposition de loi. Nous aurions aimé, chers collègues du centre, que vous fassiez de même pour le texte pour une génération sans sucre que nous avons proposé il y a trois semaines car, lorsqu’il est question de nos enfants, l’intérêt supérieur doit toujours prévaloir sur l’ego des uns et des autres.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 337,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p250",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N9173f351ef90",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La santé de nos enfants mérite mieux que des demi‑mesures et surtout mieux que l’indifférence qui a trop longtemps régné, car la réalité est là : 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids, 6 % souffrent d’obésité et les trois quarts dépassent déjà les apports journaliers en sucre recommandés Nous ne sommes pas ici pour élaborer une nouvelle norme sanitaire, mais pour garantir aux enfants une protection en traçant une frontière entre leur intérêt et les stratégies commerciales qui capturent leur santé dès le berceau. Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation des nourrissons est une première mesure, un acte de responsabilité nécessaire car l’habituation au sucre – on pourrait presque parler désormais d’addiction – dès le plus jeune âge est un danger encore trop souvent sous-estimé. Mais il aurait été plus juste d’aller au bout de la logique. Exclure les laits infantiles et faire l’impasse sur le marketing alimentaire, c’est laisser subsister des failles que les industriels ne manqueront pas d’exploiter. Face à un enjeu de santé publique d’une telle ampleur, on ne peut pas se satisfaire d’un cadre minimal. Pourtant, nous choisissons d’avancer, car rejeter ce texte au motif qu’il n’est pas parfait serait tout aussi inélégant que de nier l’urgence sanitaire à laquelle nous faisons face. Ce texte est un timide premier pas et ne doit certainement pas être le dernier. Notre responsabilité collective est claire : nous devons construire un environnement alimentaire qui protège réellement les enfants, qui rompe avec la banalisation du sucre et qui mette enfin la puissance publique du côté de la santé plutôt que des intérêts économiques. C’est avec cette hauteur de vue et dans un esprit d’exigence et de responsabilité que le groupe [GROUPE] votera la proposition de loi. Nous aurions aimé, chers collègues du centre, que vous fassiez de même pour le texte pour une génération sans sucre que nous avons proposé il y a trois semaines car, lorsqu’il est question de nos enfants, l’intérêt supérieur doit toujours prévaloir sur l’ego des uns et des autres."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794702",
   "speaker": "Delphine Lingemann",
   "quality": "Mme Delphine Lingemann (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p255",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "255",
    "256",
    "257",
    "258"
   ],
   "order": 255,
   "text": "Que doit-on mettre dans l’assiette d’un nourrisson ? La réponse paraît évidente : ce qu’il y a de meilleur pour sa santé. Pourtant, des biscuits destinés aux enfants dès dix mois peuvent contenir plus de 30 grammes de sucre pour 100 grammes. Ce n’est pas anodin, c’est un problème de santé publique Les chiffres sont particulièrement préoccupants : en France, 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids, 6 % souffrent d’obésité et la tendance s’aggrave depuis deux décennies. L’exposition précoce aux sucres ajoutés façonne durablement les préférences alimentaires des enfants dès le plus jeune âge, le sucre ayant un effet addictif largement documenté. Cette réalité frappe en premier lieu les plus vulnérables, l’obésité étant deux à quatre fois plus fréquente chez les enfants issus de milieux défavorisés. Face à ce constat, l’OMS est sans ambiguïté depuis 2022 : les produits destinés à l’alimentation infantile ne doivent contenir ni sucres, ni agents sucrants ajoutés. Une enquête de l’association Consommation, logement et cadre de vie révèle pourtant que 22 % des préparations céréalières et 14 % des produits à base de fruits destinés aux jeunes enfants en contiennent encore. Selon une enquête de l’association Public Eye, relayée par Le Monde en avril 2024, les produits infantiles vendus en Europe contiennent peu ou pas de sucres ajoutés quand les mêmes produits commercialisés en Afrique en comportent jusqu’à 6,4 grammes par portion. Même industriel, même marque, recettes différentes selon les marchés : autrement dit, les industriels savent se passer de sucres ajoutés mais ne le font que s’ils y sont contraints. Notre rôle de législateur est précisément d’imposer cette contrainte. C’est ce que fait l’article unique de manière claire et opérationnelle, par le biais d’un dispositif ciblé : l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants de 1 à 3 ans hors laits de croissance et denrées à usage médical. Le groupe Les Démocrates soutiendra pleinement la proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 321,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p255",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N8fc4045970cd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EMPQS",
   "s": "AIRV",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Que doit-on mettre dans l’assiette d’un nourrisson ? La réponse paraît évidente : ce qu’il y a de meilleur pour sa santé. Pourtant, des biscuits destinés aux enfants dès dix mois peuvent contenir plus de 30 grammes de sucre pour 100 grammes. Ce n’est pas anodin, c’est un problème de santé publique Les chiffres sont particulièrement préoccupants : en France, 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids, 6 % souffrent d’obésité et la tendance s’aggrave depuis deux décennies. L’exposition précoce aux sucres ajoutés façonne durablement les préférences alimentaires des enfants dès le plus jeune âge, le sucre ayant un effet addictif largement documenté. Cette réalité frappe en premier lieu les plus vulnérables, l’obésité étant deux à quatre fois plus fréquente chez les enfants issus de milieux défavorisés. Face à ce constat, l’OMS est sans ambiguïté depuis 2022 : les produits destinés à l’alimentation infantile ne doivent contenir ni sucres, ni agents sucrants ajoutés. Une enquête de l’association Consommation, logement et cadre de vie révèle pourtant que 22 % des préparations céréalières et 14 % des produits à base de fruits destinés aux jeunes enfants en contiennent encore. Selon une enquête de l’association Public Eye, relayée par Le Monde en avril 2024, les produits infantiles vendus en Europe contiennent peu ou pas de sucres ajoutés quand les mêmes produits commercialisés en Afrique en comportent jusqu’à 6,4 grammes par portion. Même industriel, même marque, recettes différentes selon les marchés : autrement dit, les industriels savent se passer de sucres ajoutés mais ne le font que s’ils y sont contraints. Notre rôle de législateur est précisément d’imposer cette contrainte. C’est ce que fait l’article unique de manière claire et opérationnelle, par le biais d’un dispositif ciblé : l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les produits destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants de 1 à 3 ans hors laits de croissance et denrées à usage médical. Le groupe [GROUPE] soutiendra pleinement la proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841431",
   "speaker": "Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé",
   "quality": "Mme Nathalie Colin-Oesterlé (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p259",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "259",
    "260",
    "261",
    "262",
    "263"
   ],
   "order": 259,
   "text": "Le groupe Horizons & Indépendants partage pleinement l’ambition qui sous-tend cette proposition de loi. Quand on sait que près de 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids en France et que les enfants d’ouvriers sont quatre fois plus touchés que les enfants de cadres, l’urgence d’agir est incontestable. Nous partageons tous ce constat La première action que nous devons mener réside dans la prévention et l’information – c’est ce que prévoit la proposition de loi d’Olivia Grégoire, que nous avons adoptée en première lecture, visant à généraliser l’éducation à l’alimentation. Mais notre rôle, en commission, est aussi d’examiner un texte avec lucidité. Celui-ci soulève, pour nous, quelques difficultés. La première est d’ordre européen. Un règlement de 2013 concernant les denrées alimentaires destinées aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge procède à une harmonisation complète des normes de composition des préparations infantiles. Son article 4 dispose : « Les États membres ne peuvent restreindre ou interdire la mise sur le marché de denrées alimentaires conformes au présent règlement pour des motifs ayant trait à leur composition, à leur fabrication, à leur présentation ou à leur étiquetage. » Les États membres ne disposent donc pas de la compétence pour aller au-delà. Adopter une interdiction unilatérale des sucres ajoutés exposerait la France à une procédure en manquement. La bonne voie nous semble être celle de la révision du règlement européen. La deuxième difficulté est d’ordre technique. Nous doutons qu’il revienne au législateur de donner la définition d’un sucre ajouté et de déterminer les nomenclatures des substances autorisées dans l’alimentation infantile. Le lactose, notamment, est présent dans le lait mais parfois ajouté comme ingrédient isolé. Le texte l’interdit-il ? La réponse à cette question n’est pas claire. Il en est de même pour les jus de fruits concentrés, sachant que les fruits contiennent naturellement du sucre. Ces ambiguïtés relèvent, nous semble-t-il, davantage d’une expertise scientifique et réglementaire. Notre groupe ne s’opposera pas à ce texte compte tenu de l’intention qui le sous‑tend et du signal politique qu’il envoie, mais nous doutons que, tel qu’il est rédigé, il soit applicable.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 346,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p259",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nf73f1d5f3dcd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MPQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe [GROUPE] partage pleinement l’ambition qui sous-tend cette proposition de loi. Quand on sait que près de 17 % des enfants sont en surpoids en France et que les enfants d’ouvriers sont quatre fois plus touchés que les enfants de cadres, l’urgence d’agir est incontestable. Nous partageons tous ce constat La première action que nous devons mener réside dans la prévention et l’information – c’est ce que prévoit la proposition de loi d’[PERSONNE], que nous avons adoptée en première lecture, visant à généraliser l’éducation à l’alimentation. Mais notre rôle, en commission, est aussi d’examiner un texte avec lucidité. Celui-ci soulève, pour nous, quelques difficultés. La première est d’ordre européen. Un règlement de 2013 concernant les denrées alimentaires destinées aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge procède à une harmonisation complète des normes de composition des préparations infantiles. Son article 4 dispose : « Les États membres ne peuvent restreindre ou interdire la mise sur le marché de denrées alimentaires conformes au présent règlement pour des motifs ayant trait à leur composition, à leur fabrication, à leur présentation ou à leur étiquetage. » Les États membres ne disposent donc pas de la compétence pour aller au-delà. Adopter une interdiction unilatérale des sucres ajoutés exposerait la France à une procédure en manquement. La bonne voie nous semble être celle de la révision du règlement européen. La deuxième difficulté est d’ordre technique. Nous doutons qu’il revienne au législateur de donner la définition d’un sucre ajouté et de déterminer les nomenclatures des substances autorisées dans l’alimentation infantile. Le lactose, notamment, est présent dans le lait mais parfois ajouté comme ingrédient isolé. Le texte l’interdit-il ? La réponse à cette question n’est pas claire. Il en est de même pour les jus de fruits concentrés, sachant que les fruits contiennent naturellement du sucre. Ces ambiguïtés relèvent, nous semble-t-il, davantage d’une expertise scientifique et réglementaire. Notre groupe ne s’opposera pas à ce texte compte tenu de l’intention qui le sous‑tend et du signal politique qu’il envoie, mais nous doutons que, tel qu’il est rédigé, il soit applicable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p264",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "264",
    "265",
    "266",
    "267",
    "268",
    "269"
   ],
   "order": 264,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi répond à un enjeu sanitaire majeur : la progression continue du surpoids et de l’obésité, particulièrement préoccupante chez les jeunes. En trois décennies, la prévalence de l’obésité a doublé chez les adultes et quadruplé chez les 18-24 ans. À l’échelle européenne, un enfant de 7 à 9 ans sur quatre est désormais en surpoids Ces chiffres traduisent une évolution structurelle de notre environnement alimentaire. Les aliments ultra‑transformés représentent désormais 35 % des apports énergétiques quotidiens en France. Leur accessibilité, leur faible coût relatif et leurs caractéristiques gustatives optimisées favorisent une consommation répétée dès le plus jeune âge. Or nous savons que les préférences alimentaires se construisent très tôt. Aujourd’hui encore, 22 % des préparations céréalières et 14 % des produits à base de fruits destinés aux jeunes enfants contiennent des sucres ajoutés. Habituer précocement les jeunes enfants au goût sucré peut influencer durablement leurs habitudes alimentaires. Face à cela, la seule responsabilisation des familles ne suffit pas. C’est bien l’environnement alimentaire qui structure les choix et appelle des réponses publiques adaptées. Nous saluons l’engagement constant de notre collègue Cyrille Isaac-Sibille dans ce domaine. Son travail sur la régulation des sucres ajoutés et sur la responsabilisation des acteurs de l’agroalimentaire s’inscrit dans une démarche cohérente de prévention et de santé publique. L’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les préparations pour nourrissons constitue une mesure ciblée et proportionnée. Elle vise à agir en amont, quand l’impact peut être le plus structurant : à la petite enfance. Nous sommes attentifs à la cohérence de la codification retenue ainsi qu’au niveau réglementaire prévu pour sa mise en œuvre, afin de garantir l’efficacité et la sécurité juridique du dispositif. Sur le fond, cette proposition de loi constitue une étape utile vers une meilleure protection des enfants dans un environnement alimentaire déséquilibré. Le groupe Liberté, Indépendants, Outre‑mer et Territoires la soutiendra.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 308,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p264",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N30d208fc1a89",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi répond à un enjeu sanitaire majeur : la progression continue du surpoids et de l’obésité, particulièrement préoccupante chez les jeunes. En trois décennies, la prévalence de l’obésité a doublé chez les adultes et quadruplé chez les 18-24 ans. À l’échelle européenne, un enfant de 7 à 9 ans sur quatre est désormais en surpoids Ces chiffres traduisent une évolution structurelle de notre environnement alimentaire. Les aliments ultra‑transformés représentent désormais 35 % des apports énergétiques quotidiens en France. Leur accessibilité, leur faible coût relatif et leurs caractéristiques gustatives optimisées favorisent une consommation répétée dès le plus jeune âge. Or nous savons que les préférences alimentaires se construisent très tôt. Aujourd’hui encore, 22 % des préparations céréalières et 14 % des produits à base de fruits destinés aux jeunes enfants contiennent des sucres ajoutés. Habituer précocement les jeunes enfants au goût sucré peut influencer durablement leurs habitudes alimentaires. Face à cela, la seule responsabilisation des familles ne suffit pas. C’est bien l’environnement alimentaire qui structure les choix et appelle des réponses publiques adaptées. Nous saluons l’engagement constant de notre collègue [PERSONNE] dans ce domaine. Son travail sur la régulation des sucres ajoutés et sur la responsabilisation des acteurs de l’agroalimentaire s’inscrit dans une démarche cohérente de prévention et de santé publique. L’interdiction des sucres ajoutés dans les préparations pour nourrissons constitue une mesure ciblée et proportionnée. Elle vise à agir en amont, quand l’impact peut être le plus structurant : à la petite enfance. Nous sommes attentifs à la cohérence de la codification retenue ainsi qu’au niveau réglementaire prévu pour sa mise en œuvre, afin de garantir l’efficacité et la sécurité juridique du dispositif. Sur le fond, cette proposition de loi constitue une étape utile vers une meilleure protection des enfants dans un environnement alimentaire déséquilibré. Le groupe Liberté, Indépendants, Outre‑mer et Territoires la soutiendra."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA840773",
   "speaker": "Olivier Fayssat",
   "quality": "M. Olivier Fayssat (UDR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO872880",
   "group": "UDDPLR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p270",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "270"
   ],
   "order": 270,
   "text": "L’intention de cette proposition de loi est louable : il s’agit de réduire l’exposition au sucre des enfants en bas âge en interdisant les sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation infantile. Cependant, nous sommes réservés à l’égard de votre méthode. Le groupe UDR privilégie par principe les mesures incitatives plutôt que les interdictions. Cela étant, nous ne nous opposerons pas à une mesure qui permettra concrètement de garantir une alimentation favorable à la santé des tout-petits. Nous voterons le texte",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p270",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nb6d0abd2b53b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’intention de cette proposition de loi est louable : il s’agit de réduire l’exposition au sucre des enfants en bas âge en interdisant les sucres ajoutés dans l’alimentation infantile. Cependant, nous sommes réservés à l’égard de votre méthode. Le groupe [GROUPE] privilégie par principe les mesures incitatives plutôt que les interdictions. Cela étant, nous ne nous opposerons pas à une mesure qui permettra concrètement de garantir une alimentation favorable à la santé des tout-petits. Nous voterons le texte"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Pannier-Runacher (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p272",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "272",
    "273",
    "274",
    "275",
    "276"
   ],
   "order": 272,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi constitue une étape importante dans le cadre plus large de la lutte contre l’obésité et l’alimentation ultra‑transformée. L’enjeu est d’éviter que des générations entières ne souffrent de maladies chroniques tout au long de leur vie – ce serait inédit. Pour cela, il faut cesser de conditionner le goût des enfants en leur donnant une appétence pour le sucre dès le plus jeune âge, ce qui revient à préempter leur mode d’alimentation pour le restant de leur vie Le texte vise à inciter les industriels qui ajoutent du sucre ou créent des produits sucrés n’ayant pas leur place dans le régime alimentaire des tout-petits à revoir leurs gammes et leurs recettes. Il se distingue de la proposition de loi examinée lors de la niche du groupe Écologiste et Social en ce qu’il comporte un article unique qui me semble très clair, assumé comme un premier pas dans la lutte contre les fléaux qui nous occupent. Je soutiens cette proposition de loi, tout en considérant qu’elle n’épuise pas le sujet. Nous devons avancer en matière d’encadrement des promotions et de la publicité, d’éducation – ce à quoi répond la proposition de loi d’Olivier Grégoire, adoptée à une large majorité – et d’information du consommateur – ce à quoi s’emploient le nutri-score et ses avatars. Je recommande que nous précisions la date d’application de l’interdiction faite aux industriels. Un amendement aurait dû être déposé en ce sens mais il fait défaut – j’en assume la responsabilité. Il faudra y remédier d’ici l’examen du texte dans l’hémicycle. Je forme le vœu que cette proposition de loi soit l’une des premières examinées lors de la niche parlementaire du groupe Les Démocrates. Tel n’a pas été le cas de la proposition de loi du groupe Écologiste et Social, que nous aurions aimé voter si nous avions eu le temps de l’examiner. S’agissant de la conformité au droit européen, j’ai pu prendre la mesure du levier de négociation que constitue une proposition de loi. Charge à nous de bien orchestrer les allers‑retours avec la Commission européenne et le Parlement européen pour faire pression afin que le droit évolue. Le droit européen ne doit pas être un prétexte pour nous empêcher d’agir.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 368,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p272",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N848547ac2761",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi constitue une étape importante dans le cadre plus large de la lutte contre l’obésité et l’alimentation ultra‑transformée. L’enjeu est d’éviter que des générations entières ne souffrent de maladies chroniques tout au long de leur vie – ce serait inédit. Pour cela, il faut cesser de conditionner le goût des enfants en leur donnant une appétence pour le sucre dès le plus jeune âge, ce qui revient à préempter leur mode d’alimentation pour le restant de leur vie Le texte vise à inciter les industriels qui ajoutent du sucre ou créent des produits sucrés n’ayant pas leur place dans le régime alimentaire des tout-petits à revoir leurs gammes et leurs recettes. Il se distingue de la proposition de loi examinée lors de la niche du groupe [GROUPE] en ce qu’il comporte un article unique qui me semble très clair, assumé comme un premier pas dans la lutte contre les fléaux qui nous occupent. Je soutiens cette proposition de loi, tout en considérant qu’elle n’épuise pas le sujet. Nous devons avancer en matière d’encadrement des promotions et de la publicité, d’éducation – ce à quoi répond la proposition de loi d’Olivier Grégoire, adoptée à une large majorité – et d’information du consommateur – ce à quoi s’emploient le nutri-score et ses avatars. Je recommande que nous précisions la date d’application de l’interdiction faite aux industriels. Un amendement aurait dû être déposé en ce sens mais il fait défaut – j’en assume la responsabilité. Il faudra y remédier d’ici l’examen du texte dans l’hémicycle. Je forme le vœu que cette proposition de loi soit l’une des premières examinées lors de la niche parlementaire du groupe [GROUPE]. Tel n’a pas été le cas de la proposition de loi du groupe [GROUPE], que nous aurions aimé voter si nous avions eu le temps de l’examiner. S’agissant de la conformité au droit européen, j’ai pu prendre la mesure du levier de négociation que constitue une proposition de loi. Charge à nous de bien orchestrer les allers‑retours avec la Commission européenne et le Parlement européen pour faire pression afin que le droit évolue. Le droit européen ne doit pas être un prétexte pour nous empêcher d’agir."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p277",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "277",
    "278",
    "279",
    "280",
    "281",
    "282",
    "283",
    "284",
    "285"
   ],
   "order": 277,
   "text": "Je remercie tous les groupes pour leur soutien. Nous sommes nombreux à nous intéresser au sujet. C’est toute la force de notre assemblée, je crois, de travailler de manière transpartisane Cette proposition de loi est très modeste, mais a le mérite d’être ciblée. Elle permet de sensibiliser à la question de l’alimentation des nourrissons et de mettre un pied dans la porte. Une fois la porte ouverte, nous pourrons agir plus largement, notamment à l’échelon européen – j’ai pris note des observations sur ce point. Je suis d’accord avec MM. Frappé et Mongardien : nous disposons de trois leviers. Le premier, l’éducation, est le plus important. Le deuxième, l’information, est assuré par le nutri-score. Le troisième est la contrainte ou l’interdiction. Si cette proposition de loi est modeste, madame Amiot, c’est que je l’ai voulue comme telle afin qu’elle remonte rapidement à l’échelon européen, puisqu’une modification du règlement européen s’impose. Il faut prendre l’initiative et ne pas laisser l’Europe agir seule. Nous pouvons être des pionniers sur ce sujet. Monsieur Sother, vous avez rappelé à juste titre le caractère addictif du sucre. Quant à vous, monsieur Neuder, vous nous avez sensibilisés aux conséquences du sucre sur les artères coronaires des enfants dès le plus jeune âge. Madame Sebaihi, je vous remercie d’avoir fait preuve de hauteur de vue. Nos stratégies divergent : j’opte pour la modestie. Je n’ignore pas les déterminants commerciaux et publicitaires mais, encore une fois, mon objectif est de mettre le pied dans la porte pour agir plus largement à l’échelon européen. Effectivement, madame Lingemann, nous faisons face à une épidémie mondiale, qui touche notamment l’Afrique et nos territoires d’outre-mer, où les aliments consommés sont bien plus sucrés qu’en métropole. Madame Colin-Oesterlé, je pense comme vous qu’il faut modifier le règlement européen. Mon objectif est d’inciter le Parlement européen et la Commission à le faire. Monsieur Fayssat, l’incitation, qui a votre préférence, passe par la taxation – c’est la position que je défends lors de l’examen des PLFSS. Il n’est pas pour autant inutile d’interdire. J’ai rappelé, lors de l’examen du PLFSS, que si un produit est mauvais, il faut l’interdire. C’est ce que je propose dans ce texte. Madame Pannier-Runacher, je souscris à votre observation sur la date d’entrée en vigueur du dispositif, qui doit être aussi proche que possible. Je vais immédiatement déposer un amendement à cet effet. J’ai le secret espoir, si tous les groupes en sont d’accord, que cette proposition de loi soit adoptée dans le cadre de la procédure de législation en commission, ce qui rend un tel amendement impératif.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article uniqueInterdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p96",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 428,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p277",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N5e7d2bdee3bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BELPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je remercie tous les groupes pour leur soutien. Nous sommes nombreux à nous intéresser au sujet. C’est toute la force de notre assemblée, je crois, de travailler de manière transpartisane Cette proposition de loi est très modeste, mais a le mérite d’être ciblée. Elle permet de sensibiliser à la question de l’alimentation des nourrissons et de mettre un pied dans la porte. Une fois la porte ouverte, nous pourrons agir plus largement, notamment à l’échelon européen – j’ai pris note des observations sur ce point. Je suis d’accord avec MM. Frappé et Mongardien : nous disposons de trois leviers. Le premier, l’éducation, est le plus important. Le deuxième, l’information, est assuré par le nutri-score. Le troisième est la contrainte ou l’interdiction. Si cette proposition de loi est modeste, madame Amiot, c’est que je l’ai voulue comme telle afin qu’elle remonte rapidement à l’échelon européen, puisqu’une modification du règlement européen s’impose. Il faut prendre l’initiative et ne pas laisser l’Europe agir seule. Nous pouvons être des pionniers sur ce sujet. Monsieur Sother, vous avez rappelé à juste titre le caractère addictif du sucre. Quant à vous, monsieur Neuder, vous nous avez sensibilisés aux conséquences du sucre sur les artères coronaires des enfants dès le plus jeune âge. Madame Sebaihi, je vous remercie d’avoir fait preuve de hauteur de vue. Nos stratégies divergent : j’opte pour la modestie. Je n’ignore pas les déterminants commerciaux et publicitaires mais, encore une fois, mon objectif est de mettre le pied dans la porte pour agir plus largement à l’échelon européen. Effectivement, madame Lingemann, nous faisons face à une épidémie mondiale, qui touche notamment l’Afrique et nos territoires d’outre-mer, où les aliments consommés sont bien plus sucrés qu’en métropole. Madame Colin-Oesterlé, je pense comme vous qu’il faut modifier le règlement européen. Mon objectif est d’inciter le Parlement européen et la Commission à le faire. Monsieur Fayssat, l’incitation, qui a votre préférence, passe par la taxation – c’est la position que je défends lors de l’examen des PLFSS. Il n’est pas pour autant inutile d’interdire. J’ai rappelé, lors de l’examen du PLFSS, que si un produit est mauvais, il faut l’interdire. C’est ce que je propose dans ce texte. Madame Pannier-Runacher, je souscris à votre observation sur la date d’entrée en vigueur du dispositif, qui doit être aussi proche que possible. Je vais immédiatement déposer un amendement à cet effet. J’ai le secret espoir, si tous les groupes en sont d’accord, que cette proposition de loi soit adoptée dans le cadre de la procédure de législation en commission, ce qui rend un tel amendement impératif."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p289",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "289"
   ],
   "order": 289,
   "text": "Une interdiction absolue des sucres ajoutés ne tient pas compte des contraintes nutritionnelles et technologiques propres à certaines catégories de produits destinés aux jeunes enfants, tels que les biscuits pour nourrissons. La fixation de seuils maximaux fondés sur l’expertise scientifique permet une régulation proportionnée, conciliant l’objectif de santé publique avec les réalités nutritionnelles et industrielles – je pense en l’occurrence aux troubles de la déglutition susceptibles de survenir chez le nourrisson",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS18 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p289",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N684d7c0615f7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Une interdiction absolue des sucres ajoutés ne tient pas compte des contraintes nutritionnelles et technologiques propres à certaines catégories de produits destinés aux jeunes enfants, tels que les biscuits pour nourrissons. La fixation de seuils maximaux fondés sur l’expertise scientifique permet une régulation proportionnée, conciliant l’objectif de santé publique avec les réalités nutritionnelles et industrielles – je pense en l’occurrence aux troubles de la déglutition susceptibles de survenir chez le nourrisson"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p290",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "290",
    "291",
    "292"
   ],
   "order": 290,
   "text": "Vous proposez de remplacer l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés par la fixation d’un seuil maximal par décret. Cette logique de dosage ne paraît pas pertinente pour les produits destinés aux nourrissons et aux jeunes enfants. D’après l’Anses et l’OMS, aucun besoin nutritionnel ne justifie l’ajout de sucre dans ces aliments Vous soulevez la question de la mastication. Quiconque a été parent sait que le problème, c’est le grignotage de gâteaux très sucrés. Est-ce une bonne chose ? Faut-il habituer le nourrisson au grignotage ? Je ne le pense pas. Pour leur apprendre la mastication, un bout de pain suffit. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS18 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 100,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p290",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N03a7d49cd3f1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous proposez de remplacer l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés par la fixation d’un seuil maximal par décret. Cette logique de dosage ne paraît pas pertinente pour les produits destinés aux nourrissons et aux jeunes enfants. D’après l’Anses et l’OMS, aucun besoin nutritionnel ne justifie l’ajout de sucre dans ces aliments Vous soulevez la question de la mastication. Quiconque a été parent sait que le problème, c’est le grignotage de gâteaux très sucrés. Est-ce une bonne chose ? Faut-il habituer le nourrisson au grignotage ? Je ne le pense pas. Pour leur apprendre la mastication, un bout de pain suffit. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Pannier-Runacher (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p293",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "293"
   ],
   "order": 293,
   "text": "La littérature médicale à ce sujet est assez complète. Elle explique très clairement que ces produits, développés essentiellement à des fins de marketing et de croissance du chiffre d’affaires, n’ont absolument pas leur place dans la nutrition des enfants de moins de 3 ans, en tout cas de moins de 12 mois. C’est très clairement établi. Il faut suivre le consensus scientifique et pédiatrique",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS18 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p293",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N5435ef81b1a8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La littérature médicale à ce sujet est assez complète. Elle explique très clairement que ces produits, développés essentiellement à des fins de marketing et de croissance du chiffre d’affaires, n’ont absolument pas leur place dans la nutrition des enfants de moins de 3 ans, en tout cas de moins de 12 mois. C’est très clairement établi. Il faut suivre le consensus scientifique et pédiatrique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p294",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "294",
    "295"
   ],
   "order": 294,
   "text": "Notre collègue relaie l’argumentaire de l’Association nationale des industries alimentaires selon lequel il est préférable de fixer des seuils parce que, techniquement, il y aurait besoin de sucre dans de nombreux produits. Or toutes les études démontrent qu’il n’est nul besoin, du point de vue nutritionnel, d’ajouter du sucre dans l’alimentation des moins de 3 ans. Dès lors, on ne comprend pas très bien pourquoi il faudrait fixer des seuils J’aimerais rappeler au groupe Rassemblement National les propos que tenait Marine Le Pen en novembre, quand elle refusait la taxe sur les sucres ajoutés : « Pas besoin de nous convaincre que le sucre ajouté dans les aliments pour bébé, c’est mauvais –⁠ nous sommes tous d’accord avec ça. [...] Nous considérons pour notre part qu’il s’agit d’un problème de santé publique et que le ministère de la santé doit, par des directives, interdire l’ajout de sucres dans les aliments des enfants. » Vous pourriez peut-être vous mettre en cohérence, dans votre groupe, pour ne pas présenter des amendements inutiles et contre-productifs.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS18 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 172,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p294",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Ncf6df050259e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre collègue relaie l’argumentaire de l’Association nationale des industries alimentaires selon lequel il est préférable de fixer des seuils parce que, techniquement, il y aurait besoin de sucre dans de nombreux produits. Or toutes les études démontrent qu’il n’est nul besoin, du point de vue nutritionnel, d’ajouter du sucre dans l’alimentation des moins de 3 ans. Dès lors, on ne comprend pas très bien pourquoi il faudrait fixer des seuils J’aimerais rappeler au groupe [GROUPE] les propos que tenait [PERSONNE] en novembre, quand elle refusait la taxe sur les sucres ajoutés : « Pas besoin de nous convaincre que le sucre ajouté dans les aliments pour bébé, c’est mauvais –⁠ nous sommes tous d’accord avec ça. [...] Nous considérons pour notre part qu’il s’agit d’un problème de santé publique et que le ministère de la santé doit, par des directives, interdire l’ajout de sucres dans les aliments des enfants. » Vous pourriez peut-être vous mettre en cohérence, dans votre groupe, pour ne pas présenter des amendements inutiles et contre-productifs."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p298",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "298"
   ],
   "order": 298,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à compléter la définition des sucres ajoutés en y incluant les polyols, édulcorants déjà interdits dans l’alimentation infantile. La liste des sucres ajoutés est ainsi simplifiée pour s’en tenir aux ingrédients sucrants tels que le miel et les jus de fruits, les autres ingrédients visés étant déjà inclus dans la catégorie des monosaccharides et des disaccharides",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS24 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 58,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p298",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N0e0bf2955b09",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à compléter la définition des sucres ajoutés en y incluant les polyols, édulcorants déjà interdits dans l’alimentation infantile. La liste des sucres ajoutés est ainsi simplifiée pour s’en tenir aux ingrédients sucrants tels que le miel et les jus de fruits, les autres ingrédients visés étant déjà inclus dans la catégorie des monosaccharides et des disaccharides"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841681",
   "speaker": "Thierry Sother",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Sother (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p303",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "303",
    "304"
   ],
   "order": 303,
   "text": "L’OMS a appelé à bannir les sucres ajoutés de la nourriture pour bébés et enfants de moins de 3 ans, rappelant qu’une exposition au sucre pendant les trois premières années de la vie peut créer une préférence pour les produits sucrés à l’âge adulte, ce qui augmente le risque d’obésité et de maladies associées Si le sucre est un élément important pour le bébé en quantité correcte, dans les aliments qui en contiennent naturellement, rien ne justifie d’en ajouter à sa nourriture. Cet amendement vise donc à supprimer l’exception prévue pour les laits infantiles et de croissance.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS1 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p303",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N64786c115b38",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’OMS a appelé à bannir les sucres ajoutés de la nourriture pour bébés et enfants de moins de 3 ans, rappelant qu’une exposition au sucre pendant les trois premières années de la vie peut créer une préférence pour les produits sucrés à l’âge adulte, ce qui augmente le risque d’obésité et de maladies associées Si le sucre est un élément important pour le bébé en quantité correcte, dans les aliments qui en contiennent naturellement, rien ne justifie d’en ajouter à sa nourriture. Cet amendement vise donc à supprimer l’exception prévue pour les laits infantiles et de croissance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p305",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "305",
    "306"
   ],
   "order": 305,
   "text": "Je me suis longtemps demandé s’il fallait inclure les laits infantiles dans la proposition de loi, sachant que je voulais qu’elle soit simple, modeste, ciblée, et qu’elle n’ouvre pas à des complications. Ces laits sont déjà assez normalisés par la réglementation européenne. Les introduire dans le texte soulèverait un problème : le lactose qu’ils contiennent, qui est nécessaire au nourrisson – il y en a dans le lait maternel – serait considéré comme un sucre ajouté. J’ai préféré les en exclure pour ne pas soulever la question du lactose Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS1 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p305",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N36dba2789ec7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je me suis longtemps demandé s’il fallait inclure les laits infantiles dans la proposition de loi, sachant que je voulais qu’elle soit simple, modeste, ciblée, et qu’elle n’ouvre pas à des complications. Ces laits sont déjà assez normalisés par la réglementation européenne. Les introduire dans le texte soulèverait un problème : le lactose qu’ils contiennent, qui est nécessaire au nourrisson – il y en a dans le lait maternel – serait considéré comme un sucre ajouté. J’ai préféré les en exclure pour ne pas soulever la question du lactose Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p307",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "307",
    "308"
   ],
   "order": 307,
   "text": "Je m’inscris en faux contre ce qui vient d’être dit. Dans leurs premiers mois, les bébés ne consomment que du lait infantile. Passer à côté des laits infantiles, c’est rater votre cible. La proposition de loi de Sabrina Sebaihi, adoptée par la commission en première lecture, prévoit une mesure très simple : exclure le lactose de la liste des sucres ajoutés interdits Les laits infantiles, produits à partir de laits animaux, visent à se rapprocher le plus possible du lait maternel ; de fait, ils peuvent contenir du lactose. On ne peut pas se contenter de dire que ces produits sont suffisamment réglementés à l’échelle européenne quand on sait que l’ajout de sucre dans les laits infantiles varie selon une échelle de zéro à trente.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS1 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 125,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p307",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nf6574bb0b70d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’inscris en faux contre ce qui vient d’être dit. Dans leurs premiers mois, les bébés ne consomment que du lait infantile. Passer à côté des laits infantiles, c’est rater votre cible. La proposition de loi de [PERSONNE], adoptée par la commission en première lecture, prévoit une mesure très simple : exclure le lactose de la liste des sucres ajoutés interdits Les laits infantiles, produits à partir de laits animaux, visent à se rapprocher le plus possible du lait maternel ; de fait, ils peuvent contenir du lactose. On ne peut pas se contenter de dire que ces produits sont suffisamment réglementés à l’échelle européenne quand on sait que l’ajout de sucre dans les laits infantiles varie selon une échelle de zéro à trente."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p309",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "309",
    "310",
    "311"
   ],
   "order": 309,
   "text": "J’approuve ce que vient de dire notre collègue Ségolène Amiot. La question des laits infantiles est essentielle. Dans la proposition de loi que j’ai déposée, l’interdiction porte sur deux sucres, le lactose et le galactose, qui sont des ingrédients nécessaires à la fabrication du lait infantile La réglementation est certes très stricte pour les laits de premier âge et de deuxième âge, mais elle ne l’est pas pour le lait de croissance, qui est très sucré. C’est bien le problème. Vous présentez votre proposition de loi comme un petit pas, mais sans les laits infantiles, aliment principal des nourrissons, c’est une petite main, voire un petit doigt. On croirait presque que le texte a été rédigé avec Nestlé et les autres producteurs qui veulent échapper à l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés. Il faut voter cet amendement, sans quoi nous affaiblirons totalement l’ambition du texte : limiter drastiquement la quantité de sucre donnée aux nourrissons.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS1 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 153,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p309",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N9a87361a675a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "J’approuve ce que vient de dire notre collègue [PERSONNE]. La question des laits infantiles est essentielle. Dans la proposition de loi que j’ai déposée, l’interdiction porte sur deux sucres, le lactose et le galactose, qui sont des ingrédients nécessaires à la fabrication du lait infantile La réglementation est certes très stricte pour les laits de premier âge et de deuxième âge, mais elle ne l’est pas pour le lait de croissance, qui est très sucré. C’est bien le problème. Vous présentez votre proposition de loi comme un petit pas, mais sans les laits infantiles, aliment principal des nourrissons, c’est une petite main, voire un petit doigt. On croirait presque que le texte a été rédigé avec Nestlé et les autres producteurs qui veulent échapper à l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés. Il faut voter cet amendement, sans quoi nous affaiblirons totalement l’ambition du texte : limiter drastiquement la quantité de sucre donnée aux nourrissons."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842147",
   "speaker": "Christophe Mongardien",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Mongardien (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p312",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "312"
   ],
   "order": 312,
   "text": "Je partage peu ou prou cet avis mais je considère que supprimer purement et simplement l’alinéa 11 créerait un gros problème. Mon amendement AS6 le réécrit en tenant compte des laits pour nourrissons, tout en fixant des conditions",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS1 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 38,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p312",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N48ff9550966f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je partage peu ou prou cet avis mais je considère que supprimer purement et simplement l’alinéa 11 créerait un gros problème. Mon amendement AS6 le réécrit en tenant compte des laits pour nourrissons, tout en fixant des conditions"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841681",
   "speaker": "Thierry Sother",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Sother (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p313",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "313"
   ],
   "order": 313,
   "text": "Je ne retirerai pas mon amendement, pour les raisons exposées par nos collègues. Je comprends qu’il s’agit de mettre un pied dans la porte mais, pour le groupe Socialistes et apparentés, la question des laits infantiles et de croissance est essentielle",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS1 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p313",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N384b2f237b17",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne retirerai pas mon amendement, pour les raisons exposées par nos collègues. Je comprends qu’il s’agit de mettre un pied dans la porte mais, pour le groupe [GROUPE], la question des laits infantiles et de croissance est essentielle"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p314",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "314"
   ],
   "order": 314,
   "text": "Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir sur la stratégie à adopter. Monsieur Sother, faire figurer les laits infantiles dans le texte impliquerait d’autoriser le lactose et le galactose, ce que votre amendement ne permet pas. À l’inverse, interdire tout sucre dans les laits infantiles est nuisible à la santé des nourrissons",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS1 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 50,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p314",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nff1361950387",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "P",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir sur la stratégie à adopter. Monsieur Sother, faire figurer les laits infantiles dans le texte impliquerait d’autoriser le lactose et le galactose, ce que votre amendement ne permet pas. À l’inverse, interdire tout sucre dans les laits infantiles est nuisible à la santé des nourrissons"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842147",
   "speaker": "Christophe Mongardien",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Mongardien (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p317",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "317",
    "318"
   ],
   "order": 317,
   "text": "Je propose de réécrire l’alinéa 11 en confiant à l’Anses le soin de déterminer les produits pouvant bénéficier d’ajout de sucres et les quantités autorisées. Cette précision est indispensable pour éviter que l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés n’affecte des produits qui doivent comporter certains sucres pour répondre aux besoins nutritionnels des bébés, comme les laits infantiles J’ai analysé la composition de plusieurs laits pour enfants d’une même catégorie – premier âge, deuxième âge... : la quantité de lactose varie jusqu’à 40 %. On ne doit pas se contenter d’autoriser le lactose dans les laits infantiles ; il faut en limiter la quantité.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p317",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N3f0a54fb350d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je propose de réécrire l’alinéa 11 en confiant à l’Anses le soin de déterminer les produits pouvant bénéficier d’ajout de sucres et les quantités autorisées. Cette précision est indispensable pour éviter que l’interdiction des sucres ajoutés n’affecte des produits qui doivent comporter certains sucres pour répondre aux besoins nutritionnels des bébés, comme les laits infantiles J’ai analysé la composition de plusieurs laits pour enfants d’une même catégorie – premier âge, deuxième âge... : la quantité de lactose varie jusqu’à 40 %. On ne doit pas se contenter d’autoriser le lactose dans les laits infantiles ; il faut en limiter la quantité."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841681",
   "speaker": "Thierry Sother",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Sother (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p319",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "319"
   ],
   "order": 319,
   "text": "Le sous-amendement AS30, de repli, vise à permettre l’ajout de sucre dans les laits infantiles et de croissance dans la limite d’une teneur fixée par décret après avis de l’Anses",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 30,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p319",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nbe6412db4ec1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le sous-amendement AS30, de repli, vise à permettre l’ajout de sucre dans les laits infantiles et de croissance dans la limite d’une teneur fixée par décret après avis de l’Anses"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p320",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "320"
   ],
   "order": 320,
   "text": "Le sous-amendement AS29 tend à autoriser la présence de lactose et de galactose dans le lait infantile. En effet, ils font partie des recettes recommandées par les professionnels et sont autorisés par la réglementation européenne",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 35,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p320",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N908280da6291",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le sous-amendement AS29 tend à autoriser la présence de lactose et de galactose dans le lait infantile. En effet, ils font partie des recettes recommandées par les professionnels et sont autorisés par la réglementation européenne"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p321",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "321",
    "322",
    "323",
    "324",
    "325",
    "326"
   ],
   "order": 321,
   "text": "Il ne fait aucun doute que le lait infantile est un élément important de l’alimentation du nourrisson. Ce qui me préoccupe, c’est la stratégie. La mienne consiste à mettre un petit pied dans la porte pour inciter les instances européennes à réviser le règlement de 2013. On peut aussi choisir de mettre un grand pied dans la porte, voire les deux, en incluant les laits infantiles. Ce sont deux stratégies différentes pour un but identique Une fois la proposition de loi adoptée, nous la notifierons à la Commission européenne, qui disposera de six mois pour en l’approuver ou la rejeter. Dès lors qu’il existe un règlement européen concernant les denrées alimentaires destinées aux nourrissons, il y a un risque qu’elle la rejette, considérant que la France se met hors des clous. Or notre proposition de loi vise aussi à inciter la Commission, avec d’autres pays européens, à réviser ce règlement – des réflexions sont déjà engagées en ce sens, et notre vote pourrait contribuer à accélérer la démarche. Dans cette perspective, on peut, comme je le propose, adopter un texte très modeste, ou élargir son périmètre en y incluant les laits infantiles. Tels sont les termes du débat. Le sous-amendement AS30 est satisfait par un arrêté transposant en droit français les règlements européens de 2013 et de 2016. La question est celle de la nature des sucres dans les laits infantiles que sont le lactose et le galactose. Le sous-amendement AS29 vise à rendre la proposition de loi plus ambitieuse en y intégrant les laits infantiles. Pour moi, ce n’est pas nécessaire compte tenu de la stratégie que je propose vis-à-vis de l’Europe. Plus la proposition de loi sera ambitieuse, plus la Commission européenne sera amenée à la rejeter. Ce sous-amendement présente une autre difficulté : il autorise les sucres ajoutés dès lors qu’il s’agit de lactose ou de galactose. Les industriels pourront en mettre dans tous les produits, des petits pots aux biscuits en passant par les yaourts. Au nom de la stratégie consistant à adopter un texte ciblé et modeste pour sensibiliser à la nécessité de réviser la réglementation européenne, ce qui permettra de progresser plus globalement, je suggère le retrait des sous-amendements et de l’amendement AS6, et j’émets à défaut un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 376,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p321",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N0bb04054a214",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il ne fait aucun doute que le lait infantile est un élément important de l’alimentation du nourrisson. Ce qui me préoccupe, c’est la stratégie. La mienne consiste à mettre un petit pied dans la porte pour inciter les instances européennes à réviser le règlement de 2013. On peut aussi choisir de mettre un grand pied dans la porte, voire les deux, en incluant les laits infantiles. Ce sont deux stratégies différentes pour un but identique Une fois la proposition de loi adoptée, nous la notifierons à la Commission européenne, qui disposera de six mois pour en l’approuver ou la rejeter. Dès lors qu’il existe un règlement européen concernant les denrées alimentaires destinées aux nourrissons, il y a un risque qu’elle la rejette, considérant que la France se met hors des clous. Or notre proposition de loi vise aussi à inciter la Commission, avec d’autres pays européens, à réviser ce règlement – des réflexions sont déjà engagées en ce sens, et notre vote pourrait contribuer à accélérer la démarche. Dans cette perspective, on peut, comme je le propose, adopter un texte très modeste, ou élargir son périmètre en y incluant les laits infantiles. Tels sont les termes du débat. Le sous-amendement AS30 est satisfait par un arrêté transposant en droit français les règlements européens de 2013 et de 2016. La question est celle de la nature des sucres dans les laits infantiles que sont le lactose et le galactose. Le sous-amendement AS29 vise à rendre la proposition de loi plus ambitieuse en y intégrant les laits infantiles. Pour moi, ce n’est pas nécessaire compte tenu de la stratégie que je propose vis-à-vis de l’Europe. Plus la proposition de loi sera ambitieuse, plus la Commission européenne sera amenée à la rejeter. Ce sous-amendement présente une autre difficulté : il autorise les sucres ajoutés dès lors qu’il s’agit de lactose ou de galactose. Les industriels pourront en mettre dans tous les produits, des petits pots aux biscuits en passant par les yaourts. Au nom de la stratégie consistant à adopter un texte ciblé et modeste pour sensibiliser à la nécessité de réviser la réglementation européenne, ce qui permettra de progresser plus globalement, je suggère le retrait des sous-amendements et de l’amendement AS6, et j’émets à défaut un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842147",
   "speaker": "Christophe Mongardien",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Mongardien (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p327",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "327"
   ],
   "order": 327,
   "text": "Je rejoins le rapporteur : si le lactose et le galactose étaient exclus de l’interdiction, les industriels pourraient les utiliser pour sucrer d’autres aliments. Je vous invite de ce fait à voter mon amendement",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 34,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p327",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N41a062d380c0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je rejoins le rapporteur : si le lactose et le galactose étaient exclus de l’interdiction, les industriels pourraient les utiliser pour sucrer d’autres aliments. Je vous invite de ce fait à voter mon amendement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p328",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "328",
    "329"
   ],
   "order": 328,
   "text": "Nos stratégies sont clairement différentes, monsieur le rapporteur. Votre but est de mettre un pied dans la porte de la Commission européenne, quand le nôtre est de faire en sorte que les enfants cessent de surconsommer du sucre. Le lait est leur seul aliment de la naissance à l’âge de 4 mois : en l’excluant de la proposition de loi, on passe à côté du sujet J’ajoute qu’avec le sous-amendement de Mme Sebaihi, le lactose et le galactose seraient autorisés uniquement dans les laits infantiles, et que rien ne nous empêche de fixer dès maintenant des seuils pour empêcher des dérives. Ayons au moins cette modeste ambition.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 107,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p328",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N0b0dc1398259",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nos stratégies sont clairement différentes, monsieur le rapporteur. Votre but est de mettre un pied dans la porte de la Commission européenne, quand le nôtre est de faire en sorte que les enfants cessent de surconsommer du sucre. Le lait est leur seul aliment de la naissance à l’âge de 4 mois : en l’excluant de la proposition de loi, on passe à côté du sujet J’ajoute qu’avec le sous-amendement de Mme Sebaihi, le lactose et le galactose seraient autorisés uniquement dans les laits infantiles, et que rien ne nous empêche de fixer dès maintenant des seuils pour empêcher des dérives. Ayons au moins cette modeste ambition."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p330",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "330"
   ],
   "order": 330,
   "text": "Je m’interroge vraiment sur votre stratégie, monsieur le rapporteur. Si le sucre est addictif, pourquoi l’autoriser dans des laits consommés par les nourrissons durant les premiers mois de leur vie ? À force de ne pas vouloir une proposition de loi ambitieuse, vous finissez par être transparent ! Si l’on veut lutter véritablement contre l’addiction, il faut le faire dès les premiers jours de la vie. Sinon, la proposition de loi n’atteindra pas son but. Je vous invite à voter le sous-amendement de ma collègue Sebaihi",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p330",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Na017675300e8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je m’interroge vraiment sur votre stratégie, monsieur le rapporteur. Si le sucre est addictif, pourquoi l’autoriser dans des laits consommés par les nourrissons durant les premiers mois de leur vie ? À force de ne pas vouloir une proposition de loi ambitieuse, vous finissez par être transparent ! Si l’on veut lutter véritablement contre l’addiction, il faut le faire dès les premiers jours de la vie. Sinon, la proposition de loi n’atteindra pas son but. Je vous invite à voter le sous-amendement de ma collègue Sebaihi"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p331",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "331",
    "332"
   ],
   "order": 331,
   "text": "Soyez rassurés, nous partageons tous la volonté de réduire la quantité de sucre dans l’alimentation des nourrissons ainsi que dans celle des enfants et des adultes. La question est celle de la méthode à adopter. Les articles 34 et 35 du TFUE interdisent en effet les restrictions quantitatives aux échanges au sein du marché unique. L’article 36, qui autorise les exceptions liées à des considérations de santé publique, nous permettrait sans doute beaucoup de choses, mais plus le texte sera large, plus la Commission européenne risque d’y être réfractaire. Un texte ciblé a plus de chances d’être accepté et d’entraîner une révision du règlement, laquelle nous permettra d’ouvrir grand la porte. Ma stratégie est celle des petits pas, c’est vrai, mais mon but est le même que le vôtre Je répète que le sous-amendement de Mme Sebaihi permettrait aux industriels de mettre du lactose et du galactose dans l’ensemble des préparations. L’amendement de M. Mongardien est le mieux écrit. Je propose qu’il soit retiré et que nous le retravaillions éventuellement d’ici la séance, dans le but d’élaborer une stratégie modeste mais opérationnelle et effective.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS6 de M. Christophe Mongardien ; amendement rédactionnel AS26 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille et sous-amendements AS30 de M. Thierry Sother et AS29 de Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 184,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p331",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nb144611f85cd",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Soyez rassurés, nous partageons tous la volonté de réduire la quantité de sucre dans l’alimentation des nourrissons ainsi que dans celle des enfants et des adultes. La question est celle de la méthode à adopter. Les articles 34 et 35 du TFUE interdisent en effet les restrictions quantitatives aux échanges au sein du marché unique. L’article 36, qui autorise les exceptions liées à des considérations de santé publique, nous permettrait sans doute beaucoup de choses, mais plus le texte sera large, plus la Commission européenne risque d’y être réfractaire. Un texte ciblé a plus de chances d’être accepté et d’entraîner une révision du règlement, laquelle nous permettra d’ouvrir grand la porte. Ma stratégie est celle des petits pas, c’est vrai, mais mon but est le même que le vôtre Je répète que le sous-amendement de Mme Sebaihi permettrait aux industriels de mettre du lactose et du galactose dans l’ensemble des préparations. L’amendement de M. Mongardien est le mieux écrit. Je propose qu’il soit retiré et que nous le retravaillions éventuellement d’ici la séance, dans le but d’élaborer une stratégie modeste mais opérationnelle et effective."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p336",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "336"
   ],
   "order": 336,
   "text": "Certains produits favorisant l’apprentissage de la mastication nécessitent la présence de sucres ajoutés, en quantité limitée, pour des raisons essentiellement technologiques. Une exception strictement encadrée permettrait d’éviter les effets contre-productifs de l’interdiction tout en garantissant la protection nutritionnelle des jeunes enfants",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS19 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p336",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Ne17ba479c569",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "EM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Certains produits favorisant l’apprentissage de la mastication nécessitent la présence de sucres ajoutés, en quantité limitée, pour des raisons essentiellement technologiques. Une exception strictement encadrée permettrait d’éviter les effets contre-productifs de l’interdiction tout en garantissant la protection nutritionnelle des jeunes enfants"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p339",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "339"
   ],
   "order": 339,
   "text": "Cet amendement est clairement celui d’un lobby : les seules personnes qui considèrent que des aliments spécifiques sont nécessaires pour l’apprentissage de la mastication sont celles qui vendent des chips pour nourrissons, c’est‑à‑dire les lobbys industriels ! N’importe quel médecin ou professionnel de la nutrition vous dira qu’un enfant peut commencer par des bouts de banane, d’avocat puis de pomme – et heureusement : imaginez que l’humanité ait dû attendre les produits industriels pour apprendre à mastiquer !",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS19 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p339",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Na8127754c6d6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est clairement celui d’un lobby : les seules personnes qui considèrent que des aliments spécifiques sont nécessaires pour l’apprentissage de la mastication sont celles qui vendent des chips pour nourrissons, c’est‑à‑dire les lobbys industriels ! N’importe quel médecin ou professionnel de la nutrition vous dira qu’un enfant peut commencer par des bouts de banane, d’avocat puis de pomme – et heureusement : imaginez que l’humanité ait dû attendre les produits industriels pour apprendre à mastiquer !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794678",
   "speaker": "Thierry Frappé",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Frappé (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p340",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "340"
   ],
   "order": 340,
   "text": "Cet amendement ne vise pas à défendre un lobby mais à exclure de l’interdiction certains produits sécurisants. En tant que médecin de famille, je n’ai jamais conseillé aux mamans de donner à leurs nourrissons des aliments connus pour entraîner des troubles de la déglutition",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS19 de M. Thierry Frappé",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 44,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p340",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N66f2e73129a5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement ne vise pas à défendre un lobby mais à exclure de l’interdiction certains produits sécurisants. En tant que médecin de famille, je n’ai jamais conseillé aux mamans de donner à leurs nourrissons des aliments connus pour entraîner des troubles de la déglutition"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841681",
   "speaker": "Thierry Sother",
   "quality": "M. Thierry Sother (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p343",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "343"
   ],
   "order": 343,
   "text": "Pour qu’un encadrement soit respecté, il faut qu’il soit adossé à des sanctions. Cet aspect fait défaut dans la proposition de loi, d’autant que les grands industriels de l’agroalimentaire sont coutumiers de scandales. Nous proposons que les entreprises qui ne respecteraient pas les dispositions de ce texte soient passibles d’une amende de 30 000 euros, laquelle pourrait atteindre 5 % du chiffre d’affaires dans les cas les plus graves",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 69,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p343",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Ncb4e7534f59f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Pour qu’un encadrement soit respecté, il faut qu’il soit adossé à des sanctions. Cet aspect fait défaut dans la proposition de loi, d’autant que les grands industriels de l’agroalimentaire sont coutumiers de scandales. Nous proposons que les entreprises qui ne respecteraient pas les dispositions de ce texte soient passibles d’une amende de 30 000 euros, laquelle pourrait atteindre 5 % du chiffre d’affaires dans les cas les plus graves"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p344",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "344",
    "345"
   ],
   "order": 344,
   "text": "Je comprends que vous souhaitiez prévoir une sanction suffisamment dissuasive pour éviter que les industriels ne soient tentés de contourner la réglementation. Néanmoins, le code de la consommation prévoit déjà un panel très large de sanctions et il ne me semble pas nécessaire d’en ajouter une spécifique L’amendement étant satisfait, j’émets un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de M. Thierry Sother",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p344",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N91d48b554cc6",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends que vous souhaitiez prévoir une sanction suffisamment dissuasive pour éviter que les industriels ne soient tentés de contourner la réglementation. Néanmoins, le code de la consommation prévoit déjà un panel très large de sanctions et il ne me semble pas nécessaire d’en ajouter une spécifique L’amendement étant satisfait, j’émets un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p349",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "349",
    "350"
   ],
   "order": 349,
   "text": "L’amendement AS8 vise à prévoir, à l’encontre des entreprises contrevenant à l’interdiction, une amende administrative pouvant aller jusqu’à 10 % du chiffre d’affaires, assortie d’une éventuelle astreinte journalière L’amendement de repli AS9 tend à plafonner le montant de cette amende à 5 % du chiffre d’affaires.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendements AS8 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS9 de M. Thomas Portes (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 46,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p349",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N3bf6483838a7",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS8 vise à prévoir, à l’encontre des entreprises contrevenant à l’interdiction, une amende administrative pouvant aller jusqu’à 10 % du chiffre d’affaires, assortie d’une éventuelle astreinte journalière L’amendement de repli AS9 tend à plafonner le montant de cette amende à 5 % du chiffre d’affaires."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p351",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "351"
   ],
   "order": 351,
   "text": "Avis défavorable, d’autant plus que nous venons d’adopter un amendement prévoyant déjà une sanction. Je crois davantage aux mesures incitatives et à la crainte des industriels de voir leurs produits mis en cause. La sanction la plus lourde est selon moi celle de l’opinion publique, à laquelle les industriels sont très sensibles",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendements AS8 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS9 de M. Thomas Portes (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 52,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p351",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N35269daa3f13",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable, d’autant plus que nous venons d’adopter un amendement prévoyant déjà une sanction. Je crois davantage aux mesures incitatives et à la crainte des industriels de voir leurs produits mis en cause. La sanction la plus lourde est selon moi celle de l’opinion publique, à laquelle les industriels sont très sensibles"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p352",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "352"
   ],
   "order": 352,
   "text": "Si la sanction de l’opinion publique suffisait, il n’y aurait pas besoin de radars au bord des routes, voire de prisons ! Les industriels ont pour but de générer de l’argent : nous proposons que l’argent soit le moteur de leur changement de comportement. Ne nous privons pas d’outils qui permettraient à l’État de faire respecter l’ordre",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendements AS8 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS9 de M. Thomas Portes (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 57,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p352",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nec999235f70c",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Si la sanction de l’opinion publique suffisait, il n’y aurait pas besoin de radars au bord des routes, voire de prisons ! Les industriels ont pour but de générer de l’argent : nous proposons que l’argent soit le moteur de leur changement de comportement. Ne nous privons pas d’outils qui permettraient à l’État de faire respecter l’ordre"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Pannier-Runacher (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p353",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "353"
   ],
   "order": 353,
   "text": "Je considère moi aussi qu’une sanction est nécessaire mais nous venons de voter un amendement qui prévoit une amende bien proportionnée. J’ai peur qu’une sanction supplémentaire ne complexifie le travail du juge et ne soit jugée disproportionnée par le Conseil constitutionnel. J’invite donc à ne pas voter les amendements",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendements AS8 de Mme Ségolène Amiot et AS9 de M. Thomas Portes (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 49,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p353",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Ne52fd2568e23",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je considère moi aussi qu’une sanction est nécessaire mais nous venons de voter un amendement qui prévoit une amende bien proportionnée. J’ai peur qu’une sanction supplémentaire ne complexifie le travail du juge et ne soit jugée disproportionnée par le Conseil constitutionnel. J’invite donc à ne pas voter les amendements"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "356"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Cet amendement va dans le sens de la stratégie du rapporteur : nous proposons que les industriels contrevenant aux dispositions du présent texte soient contraints mentionner, sur l’emballage de leurs produits, les sanctions administratives dont ils ont fait l’objet, selon le principe du name and shame. Cette information permettrait aux consommateurs de faire leur choix en pleine conscience au moment d’acheter un produit",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS10 de M. Thomas Portes",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 63,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p356",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nf121ccd4c9b9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement va dans le sens de la stratégie du rapporteur : nous proposons que les industriels contrevenant aux dispositions du présent texte soient contraints mentionner, sur l’emballage de leurs produits, les sanctions administratives dont ils ont fait l’objet, selon le principe du name and shame. Cette information permettrait aux consommateurs de faire leur choix en pleine conscience au moment d’acheter un produit"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p357",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "357",
    "358"
   ],
   "order": 357,
   "text": "Je vous rejoins, mais le code de la consommation prévoit déjà, en cas d’infraction, la possibilité d’ordonner l’affichage et la diffusion de l’information Votre amendement étant satisfait, je vous propose de le retirer.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS10 de M. Thomas Portes",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p357",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nc734bfa2a3be",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous rejoins, mais le code de la consommation prévoit déjà, en cas d’infraction, la possibilité d’ordonner l’affichage et la diffusion de l’information Votre amendement étant satisfait, je vous propose de le retirer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p361",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "361"
   ],
   "order": 361,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à ce que les services de la direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) puissent procéder à la fermeture des sites de producteurs qui contreviendraient aux dispositions du présent texte",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS12 de M. Thomas Portes",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p361",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nf8d3d1d888d8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "M",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à ce que les services de la direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) puissent procéder à la fermeture des sites de producteurs qui contreviendraient aux dispositions du présent texte"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p362",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "362"
   ],
   "order": 362,
   "text": "L’article L. 521-5 du code de la consommation prévoit déjà la possibilité d’ordonner la fermeture d’une usine en cas de manquement à la réglementation. L’amendement étant satisfait, je vous invite à le retirer",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS12 de M. Thomas Portes",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 33,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p362",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N4beee7e60277",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’article L. 521-5 du code de la consommation prévoit déjà la possibilité d’ordonner la fermeture d’une usine en cas de manquement à la réglementation. L’amendement étant satisfait, je vous invite à le retirer"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p365",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "365"
   ],
   "order": 365,
   "text": "La fermeture de sites frauduleux est déjà possible, c’est vrai, mais elle est rarement mise en œuvre. J’entends déjà la réponse du rapporteur au sujet de l’amendement AS11, qui vise à ce que la DGCCRF puisse ordonner le retrait de la vente des produits délictueux",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p365",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Ndc39fe29f051",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La fermeture de sites frauduleux est déjà possible, c’est vrai, mais elle est rarement mise en œuvre. J’entends déjà la réponse du rapporteur au sujet de l’amendement AS11, qui vise à ce que la DGCCRF puisse ordonner le retrait de la vente des produits délictueux"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p369",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "369"
   ],
   "order": 369,
   "text": "Nous proposons de conditionner les exonérations de cotisations sociales au respect de l’interdiction d’ajouter des sucres à l’alimentation des tout-petits, afin que les entreprises qui favorisent la survenue de maladies ne soient pas dispensées de participer au financement du système de santé. C’est une question de cohérence",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p369",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Neab00ea4ae02",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous proposons de conditionner les exonérations de cotisations sociales au respect de l’interdiction d’ajouter des sucres à l’alimentation des tout-petits, afin que les entreprises qui favorisent la survenue de maladies ne soient pas dispensées de participer au financement du système de santé. C’est une question de cohérence"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795808",
   "speaker": "Sabrina Sebaihi",
   "quality": "Mme Sabrina Sebaihi (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p371",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "371",
    "372"
   ],
   "order": 371,
   "text": "Je soutiens cet amendement. Il y a deux façons très différentes d’aborder le sujet : compter sur la bonne volonté des entreprises ou prendre des mesures incitatives. La première ne fonctionne pas, comme le montre l’exemple de Danone : la société a décidé de supprimer le nutri-score de tous ses emballages après que la note de l’un de ses produits a été dégradée, alors que les consommateurs utilisent cet outil Le sucre et les aliments ultra‑transformés ne sont pas des sujets anodins. Les dépenses liées à l’obésité dépassent 20 milliards d’euros par an. Sur de tels enjeux de santé publique, il faut savoir prendre des mesures incitatives car elles sont la seule façon de contraindre certaines entreprises à protéger notre santé.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 121,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p371",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Na6d0fbd48788",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPS",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je soutiens cet amendement. Il y a deux façons très différentes d’aborder le sujet : compter sur la bonne volonté des entreprises ou prendre des mesures incitatives. La première ne fonctionne pas, comme le montre l’exemple de Danone : la société a décidé de supprimer le nutri-score de tous ses emballages après que la note de l’un de ses produits a été dégradée, alors que les consommateurs utilisent cet outil Le sucre et les aliments ultra‑transformés ne sont pas des sujets anodins. Les dépenses liées à l’obésité dépassent 20 milliards d’euros par an. Sur de tels enjeux de santé publique, il faut savoir prendre des mesures incitatives car elles sont la seule façon de contraindre certaines entreprises à protéger notre santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794138",
   "speaker": "Ségolène Amiot",
   "quality": "Mme Ségolène Amiot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p373",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "373"
   ],
   "order": 373,
   "text": "Les cotisations sociales permettent la mutualisation du risque ; en exonérer une entreprise revient à lui faire un cadeau fiscal. Lorsqu’un industriel se rend coupable de vendre des produits qui nuisent à la santé, il engrange des profits ; on ne peut pas, en plus de cela, l’exonérer d’assumer les risques qui en découlent. La collectivité ne peut pas couvrir ce risque seule. Il faut au minimum que l’industriel cotise, selon le principe du pollueur-payeur. On ne peut pas faire un cadeau à quelqu’un qui nous rend malade !",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 89,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p373",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "N2f59784e01f4",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les cotisations sociales permettent la mutualisation du risque ; en exonérer une entreprise revient à lui faire un cadeau fiscal. Lorsqu’un industriel se rend coupable de vendre des produits qui nuisent à la santé, il engrange des profits ; on ne peut pas, en plus de cela, l’exonérer d’assumer les risques qui en découlent. La collectivité ne peut pas couvrir ce risque seule. Il faut au minimum que l’industriel cotise, selon le principe du pollueur-payeur. On ne peut pas faire un cadeau à quelqu’un qui nous rend malade !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842147",
   "speaker": "Christophe Mongardien",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Mongardien (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p374",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "374"
   ],
   "order": 374,
   "text": "Je comprends le sens de l’amendement mais il me semble que l’on mélange les sujets. Entre l’amende indexée sur le chiffre d’affaires et le retrait des produits, les sanctions possibles sont déjà assez lourdes. La mesure que vous proposez créerait en outre une concurrence déloyale entre les fabricants français et les entreprises localisées à l’étranger, qui ne bénéficient pas d’exonération de charges",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Ségolène Amiot",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 62,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p374",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Na3fefd3782bf",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je comprends le sens de l’amendement mais il me semble que l’on mélange les sujets. Entre l’amende indexée sur le chiffre d’affaires et le retrait des produits, les sanctions possibles sont déjà assez lourdes. La mesure que vous proposez créerait en outre une concurrence déloyale entre les fabricants français et les entreprises localisées à l’étranger, qui ne bénéficient pas d’exonération de charges"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p381",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "381",
    "382"
   ],
   "order": 381,
   "text": "En réponse à une suggestion d’Agnès Pannier-Runacher, je propose d’ajouter que l’article unique de la proposition de loi entre en vigueur le 1er janvier 2028 Cette précision indispensable étant apportée, nous pourrons, si tous les groupes en sont d’accord, voter la proposition de loi en séance, dans le cadre de la procédure de législation en commission, lors de la niche du groupe Les Démocrates.",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS31 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p381",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Nd3c03ea6d834",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "En réponse à une suggestion d’[PERSONNE], je propose d’ajouter que l’article unique de la proposition de loi entre en vigueur le 1er janvier 2028 Cette précision indispensable étant apportée, nous pourrons, si tous les groupes en sont d’accord, voter la proposition de loi en séance, dans le cadre de la procédure de législation en commission, lors de la niche du groupe [GROUPE]."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2527@2026-02-25",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2527",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2527.html",
   "source_sha256": "ed6074a82abb864e21e0e074d6906b75c6cf70735f70f472802ab6ca776b7cb9",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "sucres_enfants::RAPPANR5L17B2527-p386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "386",
    "387",
    "388"
   ],
   "order": 386,
   "text": "Je sais que les sujets de santé publique et d’alimentation nous rassemblent. Nos stratégies sont différentes mais l’important est d’avancer : je vous remercie pour ce vote unanime * * *",
   "top": "Interdire les sucres ajoutés dans les aliments destinés aux nourrissons et aux enfants en bas âge",
   "section": "Amendement AS31 de M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "article": "Article unique : Interdire la mise sur le marché des produits d’alimentation infantile contenant des sucres ajoutés",
   "article_id": "p286",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 31,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2527-p386",
   "case": "sucres_enfants",
   "annotation_id": "Neb968c59290f",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je sais que les sujets de santé publique et d’alimentation nous rassemblent. Nos stratégies sont différentes mais l’important est d’avancer : je vous remercie pour ce vote unanime * * *"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "M. Elie Califer, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p223",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "223",
    "224",
    "225",
    "226",
    "227",
    "228",
    "229",
    "230",
    "231"
   ],
   "order": 223,
   "text": "92 % des Martiniquais et 95 % pour cent des Guadeloupéens sont contaminés ; les enfants, qui sont l’avenir de notre pays, sont contaminés – et ce pour plusieurs générations. Le chlordécone est une véritable bombe sanitaire dans nos territoires : on n’en connaît pas encore toutes les conséquences. Ses liens avec plusieurs maladies et troubles qui prévalent chez nous ont déjà été établis. Si de nombreux champs restent à explorer, la recherche scientifique a d’ores et déjà mis en évidence le lien entre certains troubles du développement et l’exposition au chlordécone, qui est un perturbateur endocrinien. L’exposition à ce produit augmente le risque de survenue de plusieurs maladies : elle est significativement corrélée à une hausse du risque de déclarer un cancer de la prostate ou de le voir récidiver après avoir été traité chirurgicalement, comme le déclarent plusieurs chirurgiens, dont le professeur Blanchet Une étude de cohorte menée en Guadeloupe a par ailleurs mis en évidence un lien entre l’exposition des femmes enceintes à ce produit et la survenue de problèmes de santé chez les enfants ou encore l’accroissement du risque de prématurité. L’exposition postnatale des enfants s’avère quant à elle liée à des troubles du néodéveloppement, voire du développement staturo-pondéral : l’obésité infantile pourrait ainsi compter parmi les conséquences d’un contact précoce avec le chlordécone. Nos auditions nous ont confirmé que l’exposition à ce produit pouvait provoquer de nombreuses maladies hormono-induites. Pour décrire cette situation, l’ONU parle de « territoires sacrifiés ». La Martinique et la Guadeloupe sont des terres sacrifiées. Classé dès 1979 comme cancérigène possible par l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), le chlordécone fut utilisé jusqu’en 1993 pour combattre le charançon dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Pire encore, cette utilisation était autorisée. Dès les années 1970, les données toxicologiques avaient pourtant convaincu les autorités de nombreux pays – les États-Unis, la Suède, la République démocratique allemande, la République fédérale d’Allemagne, ou encore l’Espagne – d’en interdire l’usage ou la production. Les préjudices provoqués sur le site de production de Hopewell aux États-Unis avaient donné lieu à un processus d’indemnisation et de réparations. L’État savait : sa responsabilité n’est plus à établir, elle est manifeste, incontestable. Comme l’ont montré les travaux de la commission d’enquête parlementaire de 2019, réunie à l’initiative du groupe Socialistes et apparentés et présidée par Serge Letchimy, la toxicité du chlordécone était connue et son utilisation prolongée résulte de décisions, très souvent dérogatoires, prises par l’État, auquel il revenait, aux termes de la loi du 2 novembre 1943 relative à l’organisation du contrôle des produits antiparasitaires à usage agricole, d’autoriser ou non son usage et la mise sur le marché des produits à usage agricole. La loi du 22 décembre 1972 relative à l’organisation du contrôle des produits antiparasitaires à usage agricole faisait quant à elle obligation à l’État, avant d’homologuer un produit phytosanitaire, d’en vérifier l’efficacité et l’innocuité à l’égard de la santé publique, des utilisateurs, des cultures et des animaux, puis d’en prescrire et d’en surveiller les conditions d’emploi. Le scandale du chlordécone – car c’en est un – résulte de ces décisions de l’État, qui ont permis qu’un pesticide hautement toxique soit utilisé sans précautions particulières pendant deux décennies. Il résulte également du retard considérable avec lequel l’État a pris la mesure de la situation et reconnu l’immense préjudice environnemental, économique et sanitaire dont les territoires et les populations de Martinique et de Guadeloupe sont victimes. Ce n’est qu’en 1990 que le chlordécone sera interdit en France – mieux : une dérogation l’autorisera encore aux Antilles jusqu’en 1993 ! Il est temps que la représentation nationale reconnaisse la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale du chlordécone. Toute autre décision enverrait un très mauvais signal à nos territoires déjà ravagés par tant de maux et si vulnérables. La mobilisation des associations de défense, des collectifs et surtout les alertes lancées par les scientifiques ont conduit le Gouvernement à élaborer des plans Chlordécone. Mais ceux-ci sont largement insuffisants. Ils sont en outre fragiles, car ils dépendent et dépendront de la volonté politique des gouvernements. Le rapport de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (Opecst) souligne leur indigence eu égard à l’ampleur des problèmes. Les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes : le plan Chlordécone IV bénéficie d’un budget de 130 millions d’euros pour la période 2021-2027, alors même que le seul coût de la dépollution pour les 20 000 hectares de terres arables est évalué à 3,2 milliards. Sur les 700 250 Martiniquais et Guadeloupéens contaminés, seuls 1,78 % sont en droit d’être indemnisés par l’administration du fait de leur statut de victimes professionnelles et seuls 0,007 % l’ont effectivement été à ce jour. Selon certains scientifiques, de nombreuses générations souffriront des graves effets du chlordécone à cause de la rémanence de ce produit, du caractère reprotoxique de la molécule et des modifications épigénétiques qu’elle est susceptible d’entraîner – les enfants y seraient particulièrement sensibles, ce qui est déjà un drame. À l’heure où je vous parle, l’eau, les nappes aquifères, les rivières, les terres sont chlordéconées. Nous sommes encore bien éloignés de l’objectif zéro chlordécone. Le regard des Martiniquais et des Guadeloupéens est rivé sur notre commission. Sur un tel sujet, il nous faut dépasser les considérations partisanes, car cette proposition de loi ne vise pas à incriminer telle ou telle majorité, telle ou telle opposition. Il s’agit d’inscrire dans la loi la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et de poser la première pierre d’un édifice législatif qui a vocation à être étoffé dans le cadre d’un dialogue entre le parlement, le gouvernement et les territoires. Comme l’indiquait le professeur Multigner, le ressentiment de la population ne saurait s’éteindre avant que la question des réparations n’ait reçu une réponse claire et nette. Le 27 septembre 2018, en Martinique, le Président de la République déclarait lui-même que ce scandale était « le fruit d’un aveuglement collectif ». C’est pour cela, pour ce que représente ce texte, que je vous demande de le voter.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 996,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p223",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Na8d040317b8e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BIJPQRS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "92 % des Martiniquais et 95 % pour cent des Guadeloupéens sont contaminés ; les enfants, qui sont l’avenir de notre pays, sont contaminés – et ce pour plusieurs générations. Le chlordécone est une véritable bombe sanitaire dans nos territoires : on n’en connaît pas encore toutes les conséquences. Ses liens avec plusieurs maladies et troubles qui prévalent chez nous ont déjà été établis. Si de nombreux champs restent à explorer, la recherche scientifique a d’ores et déjà mis en évidence le lien entre certains troubles du développement et l’exposition au chlordécone, qui est un perturbateur endocrinien. L’exposition à ce produit augmente le risque de survenue de plusieurs maladies : elle est significativement corrélée à une hausse du risque de déclarer un cancer de la prostate ou de le voir récidiver après avoir été traité chirurgicalement, comme le déclarent plusieurs chirurgiens, dont le professeur Blanchet Une étude de cohorte menée en Guadeloupe a par ailleurs mis en évidence un lien entre l’exposition des femmes enceintes à ce produit et la survenue de problèmes de santé chez les enfants ou encore l’accroissement du risque de prématurité. L’exposition postnatale des enfants s’avère quant à elle liée à des troubles du néodéveloppement, voire du développement staturo-pondéral : l’obésité infantile pourrait ainsi compter parmi les conséquences d’un contact précoce avec le chlordécone. Nos auditions nous ont confirmé que l’exposition à ce produit pouvait provoquer de nombreuses maladies hormono-induites. Pour décrire cette situation, l’ONU parle de « territoires sacrifiés ». La Martinique et la Guadeloupe sont des terres sacrifiées. Classé dès 1979 comme cancérigène possible par l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), le chlordécone fut utilisé jusqu’en 1993 pour combattre le charançon dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Pire encore, cette utilisation était autorisée. Dès les années 1970, les données toxicologiques avaient pourtant convaincu les autorités de nombreux pays – les États-Unis, la Suède, la République démocratique allemande, la République fédérale d’Allemagne, ou encore l’Espagne – d’en interdire l’usage ou la production. Les préjudices provoqués sur le site de production de Hopewell aux États-Unis avaient donné lieu à un processus d’indemnisation et de réparations. L’État savait : sa responsabilité n’est plus à établir, elle est manifeste, incontestable. Comme l’ont montré les travaux de la commission d’enquête parlementaire de 2019, réunie à l’initiative du groupe [GROUPE] et présidée par [PERSONNE], la toxicité du chlordécone était connue et son utilisation prolongée résulte de décisions, très souvent dérogatoires, prises par l’État, auquel il revenait, aux termes de la loi du 2 novembre 1943 relative à l’organisation du contrôle des produits antiparasitaires à usage agricole, d’autoriser ou non son usage et la mise sur le marché des produits à usage agricole. La loi du 22 décembre 1972 relative à l’organisation du contrôle des produits antiparasitaires à usage agricole faisait quant à elle obligation à l’État, avant d’homologuer un produit phytosanitaire, d’en vérifier l’efficacité et l’innocuité à l’égard de la santé publique, des utilisateurs, des cultures et des animaux, puis d’en prescrire et d’en surveiller les conditions d’emploi. Le scandale du chlordécone – car c’en est un – résulte de ces décisions de l’État, qui ont permis qu’un pesticide hautement toxique soit utilisé sans précautions particulières pendant deux décennies. Il résulte également du retard considérable avec lequel l’État a pris la mesure de la situation et reconnu l’immense préjudice environnemental, économique et sanitaire dont les territoires et les populations de Martinique et de Guadeloupe sont victimes. Ce n’est qu’en 1990 que le chlordécone sera interdit en France – mieux : une dérogation l’autorisera encore aux Antilles jusqu’en 1993 ! Il est temps que la représentation nationale reconnaisse la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale du chlordécone. Toute autre décision enverrait un très mauvais signal à nos territoires déjà ravagés par tant de maux et si vulnérables. La mobilisation des associations de défense, des collectifs et surtout les alertes lancées par les scientifiques ont conduit le Gouvernement à élaborer des plans Chlordécone. Mais ceux-ci sont largement insuffisants. Ils sont en outre fragiles, car ils dépendent et dépendront de la volonté politique des gouvernements. Le rapport de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques (Opecst) souligne leur indigence eu égard à l’ampleur des problèmes. Les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes : le plan Chlordécone IV bénéficie d’un budget de 130 millions d’euros pour la période 2021-2027, alors même que le seul coût de la dépollution pour les 20 000 hectares de terres arables est évalué à 3,2 milliards. Sur les 700 250 Martiniquais et Guadeloupéens contaminés, seuls 1,78 % sont en droit d’être indemnisés par l’administration du fait de leur statut de victimes professionnelles et seuls 0,007 % l’ont effectivement été à ce jour. Selon certains scientifiques, de nombreuses générations souffriront des graves effets du chlordécone à cause de la rémanence de ce produit, du caractère reprotoxique de la molécule et des modifications épigénétiques qu’elle est susceptible d’entraîner – les enfants y seraient particulièrement sensibles, ce qui est déjà un drame. À l’heure où je vous parle, l’eau, les nappes aquifères, les rivières, les terres sont chlordéconées. Nous sommes encore bien éloignés de l’objectif zéro chlordécone. Le regard des Martiniquais et des Guadeloupéens est rivé sur notre commission. Sur un tel sujet, il nous faut dépasser les considérations partisanes, car cette proposition de loi ne vise pas à incriminer telle ou telle majorité, telle ou telle opposition. Il s’agit d’inscrire dans la loi la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et de poser la première pierre d’un édifice législatif qui a vocation à être étoffé dans le cadre d’un dialogue entre le parlement, le gouvernement et les territoires. Comme l’indiquait le professeur Multigner, le ressentiment de la population ne saurait s’éteindre avant que la question des réparations n’ait reçu une réponse claire et nette. Le 27 septembre 2018, en Martinique, le Président de la République déclarait lui-même que ce scandale était « le fruit d’un aveuglement collectif ». C’est pour cela, pour ce que représente ce texte, que je vous demande de le voter."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p236",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "236",
    "237"
   ],
   "order": 236,
   "text": "L’Assemblée nationale se saisit enfin de ce sujet ! Dès le début de sa production, le chlordécone a semé la désolation sur son passage. En 1976, les travailleurs américains chargés de sa fabrication ont rapidement manifesté des symptômes si alarmants que les autorités décidèrent de renoncer à son utilisation pour raisons sanitaires. La France a pourtant ignoré ces avertissements et permis l’usage de ce produit dans les Antilles françaises jusqu’en 1993. Cette négligence a entraîné des conséquences dévastatrices : des milliers d’hectares de sol sont contaminés ; les rivières, les mers, les poissons empoisonnés, les élevages ruinés, et avec eux toute une économie locale. Les répercussions sur la santé des habitants sont dramatiques : le taux de cancers de la prostate est trois fois supérieur chez les personnes exposées. Des générations entières ont été frappées et les suivantes le seront pendant des décennies encore, pour les plus optimistes, voire, pour ceux qui le sont moins, pendant des siècles La population locale attend la reconnaissance officielle de la responsabilité de l’État et la mise en œuvre d’une véritable politique de réparation pour les nombreuses victimes. Si le Président de la République avait ouvert la voie à une reconnaissance partielle en 2018, ses déclarations de 2019 ont semé le doute. Sur ce sujet comme sur bien d’autres, le Gouvernement n’assure qu’un service minimum, qui n’est pas à la hauteur des préoccupations urgentes de nos compatriotes ultramarins. Les autorités françaises ne peuvent plus ignorer l’évidence : le chlordécone est un scandale. Il nous faut agir pour dépolluer les sols et indemniser les populations touchées par ce pesticide tout en reconnaissant la responsabilité de l’État dans le préjudice qu’elles ont subi. L’abandon de nos outre-mer a assez duré. C’est pourquoi nous voterons cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 292,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p236",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N5590d8c579cc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’Assemblée nationale se saisit enfin de ce sujet ! Dès le début de sa production, le chlordécone a semé la désolation sur son passage. En 1976, les travailleurs américains chargés de sa fabrication ont rapidement manifesté des symptômes si alarmants que les autorités décidèrent de renoncer à son utilisation pour raisons sanitaires. La France a pourtant ignoré ces avertissements et permis l’usage de ce produit dans les Antilles françaises jusqu’en 1993. Cette négligence a entraîné des conséquences dévastatrices : des milliers d’hectares de sol sont contaminés ; les rivières, les mers, les poissons empoisonnés, les élevages ruinés, et avec eux toute une économie locale. Les répercussions sur la santé des habitants sont dramatiques : le taux de cancers de la prostate est trois fois supérieur chez les personnes exposées. Des générations entières ont été frappées et les suivantes le seront pendant des décennies encore, pour les plus optimistes, voire, pour ceux qui le sont moins, pendant des siècles La population locale attend la reconnaissance officielle de la responsabilité de l’État et la mise en œuvre d’une véritable politique de réparation pour les nombreuses victimes. Si le Président de la République avait ouvert la voie à une reconnaissance partielle en 2018, ses déclarations de 2019 ont semé le doute. Sur ce sujet comme sur bien d’autres, le Gouvernement n’assure qu’un service minimum, qui n’est pas à la hauteur des préoccupations urgentes de nos compatriotes ultramarins. Les autorités françaises ne peuvent plus ignorer l’évidence : le chlordécone est un scandale. Il nous faut agir pour dépolluer les sols et indemniser les populations touchées par ce pesticide tout en reconnaissant la responsabilité de l’État dans le préjudice qu’elles ont subi. L’abandon de nos outre-mer a assez duré. C’est pourquoi nous voterons cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA796018",
   "speaker": "Danielle Simonnet",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Simonnet (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p238",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "238",
    "239",
    "240",
    "241"
   ],
   "order": 238,
   "text": "Notre République a failli. Elle doit reconnaître ses responsabilités dans les préjudices subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique du fait du maintien sur le marché des produits à base de chlordécone. Ne laissons pas la minorité présidentielle vider cette proposition de loi de son contenu. Dès 1976, la justice américaine reconnaissait les dangers du chlordécone, qui est alors interdit. En 1979, l’OMS qualifie le chlordécone de cancérigène possible. C’est à son principe fondamental d’unité et d’indivisibilité que notre République a manqué quand, en 1990, elle a interdit l’utilisation de ces produits en métropole tout en l’autorisant par voie dérogatoire sur les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, contribuant ainsi à créer deux régimes de droit différents. Notre République n’a donc pas seulement failli à protéger ses citoyennes et ses citoyens des effets de ce pesticide toxique : elle les a différenciés selon qu’ils habitaient en métropole ou aux Antilles Le constat est sans appel : la quasi-totalité des Antillais, 92 % en Martinique et 95 % en Guadeloupe, ont été contaminés. Pendant des décennies, ce produit toxique a pénétré les nappes phréatiques, les rivières, les mers, les poissons, les cheptels, les fruits et les légumes. Cette contamination affecte le biotope et la santé des individus : elle accroît le risque de cancer de la prostate, d’accouchement prématuré, perturbe le système hormonal et le développement de l’enfant. Notre République a failli, les victimes doivent obtenir réparation. L’indemnisation existante, soumise à des critères complexes et restrictifs ne concerne que les travailleurs. Chaque individu ayant été exposé doit pouvoir obtenir réparation. Reconnaître la responsabilité de notre République et permettre l’indemnisation des victimes constitue un premier pas. Je remercie le groupe Socialistes pour cette initiative. Nous pensons cependant qu’il faut aller plus loin. Nous souhaitons engager un plan d’urgence pour la dépollution et la décontamination rapides des régions durablement polluées, priorité étant donnée aux Antilles. Il faut aussi créer une autorité administrative indépendante chargée d’indemniser les victimes et une commission de suivi des politiques publiques de lutte contre les effets du chlordécone.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 341,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p238",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N9ef5ec444f0a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQR",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Notre République a failli. Elle doit reconnaître ses responsabilités dans les préjudices subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique du fait du maintien sur le marché des produits à base de chlordécone. Ne laissons pas la minorité présidentielle vider cette proposition de loi de son contenu. Dès 1976, la justice américaine reconnaissait les dangers du chlordécone, qui est alors interdit. En 1979, l’OMS qualifie le chlordécone de cancérigène possible. C’est à son principe fondamental d’unité et d’indivisibilité que notre République a manqué quand, en 1990, elle a interdit l’utilisation de ces produits en métropole tout en l’autorisant par voie dérogatoire sur les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, contribuant ainsi à créer deux régimes de droit différents. Notre République n’a donc pas seulement failli à protéger ses citoyennes et ses citoyens des effets de ce pesticide toxique : elle les a différenciés selon qu’ils habitaient en métropole ou aux Antilles Le constat est sans appel : la quasi-totalité des Antillais, 92 % en Martinique et 95 % en Guadeloupe, ont été contaminés. Pendant des décennies, ce produit toxique a pénétré les nappes phréatiques, les rivières, les mers, les poissons, les cheptels, les fruits et les légumes. Cette contamination affecte le biotope et la santé des individus : elle accroît le risque de cancer de la prostate, d’accouchement prématuré, perturbe le système hormonal et le développement de l’enfant. Notre République a failli, les victimes doivent obtenir réparation. L’indemnisation existante, soumise à des critères complexes et restrictifs ne concerne que les travailleurs. Chaque individu ayant été exposé doit pouvoir obtenir réparation. Reconnaître la responsabilité de notre République et permettre l’indemnisation des victimes constitue un premier pas. Je remercie le groupe Socialistes pour cette initiative. Nous pensons cependant qu’il faut aller plus loin. Nous souhaitons engager un plan d’urgence pour la dépollution et la décontamination rapides des régions durablement polluées, priorité étant donnée aux Antilles. Il faut aussi créer une autorité administrative indépendante chargée d’indemniser les victimes et une commission de suivi des politiques publiques de lutte contre les effets du chlordécone."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p242",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "242",
    "243",
    "244"
   ],
   "order": 242,
   "text": "Très toxique, le chlordécone a été massivement utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique afin de lutter contre les charançons. En conséquence, la quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés par ce pesticide, qui reste très présent dans les sols et certains captages d’eau. On soupçonne la contamination d’être un facteur de risque pour la santé, comme le suggère sa corrélation avec l’augmentation du nombre de cancers de la prostate C’est pourquoi les populations antillaises, qui vivent une situation unique au monde, demandent depuis des années d’être reconnues et indemnisées pour le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental qu’elles ont subi. L’économie de la Guadeloupe et celle de la Martinique ont, elles aussi, été touchées puisqu’il est désormais impossible de vendre sur les marchés des produits agricoles issus des zones contaminées. La prise de conscience de ce problème a conduit l’État à élaborer une série de plans Chlordécone. Mais les actions engagées ont été tardives et ne sont pas adaptées : l’ampleur des contaminations rend une stratégie de long terme nécessaire. Il faut apporter des réponses à toutes les victimes du chlordécone et tirer les leçons de ce drame afin qu’il ne se reproduise jamais. C’est pourquoi, si cette proposition de loi s’apparente à un dispositif exclusivement déclaratif, notre groupe salue la démarche et soutient l’objectif d’un texte que nous discuterons avec vigilance.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 229,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p242",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N2d8095d2844a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Très toxique, le chlordécone a été massivement utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique afin de lutter contre les charançons. En conséquence, la quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés par ce pesticide, qui reste très présent dans les sols et certains captages d’eau. On soupçonne la contamination d’être un facteur de risque pour la santé, comme le suggère sa corrélation avec l’augmentation du nombre de cancers de la prostate C’est pourquoi les populations antillaises, qui vivent une situation unique au monde, demandent depuis des années d’être reconnues et indemnisées pour le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental qu’elles ont subi. L’économie de la Guadeloupe et celle de la Martinique ont, elles aussi, été touchées puisqu’il est désormais impossible de vendre sur les marchés des produits agricoles issus des zones contaminées. La prise de conscience de ce problème a conduit l’État à élaborer une série de plans Chlordécone. Mais les actions engagées ont été tardives et ne sont pas adaptées : l’ampleur des contaminations rend une stratégie de long terme nécessaire. Il faut apporter des réponses à toutes les victimes du chlordécone et tirer les leçons de ce drame afin qu’il ne se reproduise jamais. C’est pourquoi, si cette proposition de loi s’apparente à un dispositif exclusivement déclaratif, notre groupe salue la démarche et soutient l’objectif d’un texte que nous discuterons avec vigilance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p245",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "245",
    "246",
    "247",
    "248"
   ],
   "order": 245,
   "text": "La question du chlordécone suscite émotions, incompréhension et colère chez nos compatriotes antillais. En effet ce pesticide aura été épandu sur les bananeraies de deux départements français d’outre-mer, la Martinique et la Guadeloupe, pendant plus de vingt années, dont trois après qu’il eut été interdit en raison de sa dangerosité. Du fait de sa rémanence, ce produit a continué de contaminer sols, eaux, flore, faune, et malheureusement aussi la population, à travers la chaîne alimentaire Associations et élus se battent depuis des années pour faire reconnaître ce scandale, aux multiples conséquences – sur la santé, l’environnement, l’agriculture et l’économie – et pour que les victimes obtiennent réparation et se voient prises en charge. La proposition de loi de M. le rapporteur Califer participe de cette mobilisation. Ces demandes ont été entendues. En 2018, le Président de la République, Emmanuel Macron, a reconnu solennellement la part de responsabilité de l’État touchant l’usage du chlordécone aux Antilles et invité à avancer sur le chemin de la réparation et des projets. L’État a pris ses responsabilités. Les plans Chlordécone successifs, l’abondement d’un fonds d’indemnisation pour les victimes reconnues, le lancement de l’étude « Kannari 2 : exposition de la population antillaise au chlordécone et à d’autres polluants », la gratuité des prises de sang, la reconnaissance des cancers de la prostate comme maladies professionnelles, la compensation des dommages économiques, le financement de la recherche constituent autant de mesures concrètes ; s’y ajoutera, très prochainement je l’espère, la création d’une structure dotée de moyens permettant d’absorber le chlordécone encore présents dans les eaux et les sols antillais. Notre groupe ne soutiendra donc pas cette proposition de loi, que nous estimons déclaratoire et essentiellement symbolique. Elle nous aura cependant permis de faire état des problèmes liés à l’utilisation de pesticides reconnus comme dangereux. Espérons que cela pourra servir de leçon pour la France entière.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 309,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p245",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Na2a25342e874",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABEJMOPQRSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "La question du chlordécone suscite émotions, incompréhension et colère chez nos compatriotes antillais. En effet ce pesticide aura été épandu sur les bananeraies de deux départements français d’outre-mer, la Martinique et la Guadeloupe, pendant plus de vingt années, dont trois après qu’il eut été interdit en raison de sa dangerosité. Du fait de sa rémanence, ce produit a continué de contaminer sols, eaux, flore, faune, et malheureusement aussi la population, à travers la chaîne alimentaire Associations et élus se battent depuis des années pour faire reconnaître ce scandale, aux multiples conséquences – sur la santé, l’environnement, l’agriculture et l’économie – et pour que les victimes obtiennent réparation et se voient prises en charge. La proposition de loi de M. le rapporteur Califer participe de cette mobilisation. Ces demandes ont été entendues. En 2018, le Président de la République, [PERSONNE], a reconnu solennellement la part de responsabilité de l’État touchant l’usage du chlordécone aux Antilles et invité à avancer sur le chemin de la réparation et des projets. L’État a pris ses responsabilités. Les plans Chlordécone successifs, l’abondement d’un fonds d’indemnisation pour les victimes reconnues, le lancement de l’étude « Kannari 2 : exposition de la population antillaise au chlordécone et à d’autres polluants », la gratuité des prises de sang, la reconnaissance des cancers de la prostate comme maladies professionnelles, la compensation des dommages économiques, le financement de la recherche constituent autant de mesures concrètes ; s’y ajoutera, très prochainement je l’espère, la création d’une structure dotée de moyens permettant d’absorber le chlordécone encore présents dans les eaux et les sols antillais. Notre groupe ne soutiendra donc pas cette proposition de loi, que nous estimons déclaratoire et essentiellement symbolique. Elle nous aura cependant permis de faire état des problèmes liés à l’utilisation de pesticides reconnus comme dangereux. Espérons que cela pourra servir de leçon pour la France entière."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p249",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "249",
    "250",
    "251",
    "252",
    "253",
    "254"
   ],
   "order": 249,
   "text": "Le chlordécone est le symptôme de « l’habiter colonial ». Cette relation particulière à la terre que décrit le philosophe et ingénieur martiniquais Malcolm Ferdinand a enfermé les Antillais à l’intérieur d’un système de monoculture d’exportation et transformé leur monde en plantation, de sorte que tous, même ceux qui n’y travaillaient pas, ont été contaminés par le chlordécone Cette proposition de loi nous offre l’occasion de réparer, d’admettre des responsabilités, d’ouvrir la voie à la dépollution et à l’indemnisation, bref, de redonner aux populations des Antilles un sentiment de justice, effrité depuis si longtemps. Je salue l’opiniâtreté de notre collègue socialiste Serge Letchimy, qui aura fait adopté à l’unanimité les conclusions d’une commission d’enquête historique et permis que nous ayons ce débat. Je veux rappeler l’histoire de ce scandale, qui détruit des vies et qui détruit l’environnement, celle du mouvement ouvrier qu’il a suscité, celle des grèves de 1974, dont la répression aura fait plusieurs blessés et deux morts. L’égalité des droits ne peut pas être simplement théorique ; nous devons légiférer pour la mettre en pratique. Cette proposition de loi est donc importante, nous la devons à nos compatriotes. C’est pourquoi la réécriture suggérée par le groupe Renaissance m’inquiète, menaçant la construction juridique que ce texte tend à édifier. Réduire la portée de ce texte risque de nous empêcher de parler clair à nos compatriotes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, d’autant plus que l’action de l’État contre ce fléau est insuffisante. Le documentaire de Florence Lazar nous rappelle l’horreur de cet empoisonnement de masse. Son titre, Tu crois que la terre est chose morte, est extrait d’une pièce de Césaire ; la réplique continue ainsi : « C’est tellement plus commode ! Morte, alors on la piétine... » Chers collègues, montrons-nous à la hauteur des enjeux.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 297,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p249",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nf1cb44ada2d2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABJQR",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le chlordécone est le symptôme de « l’habiter colonial ». Cette relation particulière à la terre que décrit le philosophe et ingénieur martiniquais Malcolm Ferdinand a enfermé les Antillais à l’intérieur d’un système de monoculture d’exportation et transformé leur monde en plantation, de sorte que tous, même ceux qui n’y travaillaient pas, ont été contaminés par le chlordécone Cette proposition de loi nous offre l’occasion de réparer, d’admettre des responsabilités, d’ouvrir la voie à la dépollution et à l’indemnisation, bref, de redonner aux populations des Antilles un sentiment de justice, effrité depuis si longtemps. Je salue l’opiniâtreté de notre collègue [GROUPE] [PERSONNE], qui aura fait adopté à l’unanimité les conclusions d’une commission d’enquête historique et permis que nous ayons ce débat. Je veux rappeler l’histoire de ce scandale, qui détruit des vies et qui détruit l’environnement, celle du mouvement ouvrier qu’il a suscité, celle des grèves de 1974, dont la répression aura fait plusieurs blessés et deux morts. L’égalité des droits ne peut pas être simplement théorique ; nous devons légiférer pour la mettre en pratique. Cette proposition de loi est donc importante, nous la devons à nos compatriotes. C’est pourquoi la réécriture suggérée par le groupe [GROUPE] m’inquiète, menaçant la construction juridique que ce texte tend à édifier. Réduire la portée de ce texte risque de nous empêcher de parler clair à nos compatriotes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, d’autant plus que l’action de l’État contre ce fléau est insuffisante. Le documentaire de Florence Lazar nous rappelle l’horreur de cet empoisonnement de masse. Son titre, Tu crois que la terre est chose morte, est extrait d’une pièce de Césaire ; la réplique continue ainsi : « C’est tellement plus commode ! Morte, alors on la piétine... » Chers collègues, montrons-nous à la hauteur des enjeux."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642868",
   "speaker": "Paul Christophe",
   "quality": "M. Paul Christophe (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800514",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p255",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "255",
    "256",
    "257"
   ],
   "order": 255,
   "text": "Le sujet que nous évoquons me tient particulièrement à cœur et je tiens à remercier le rapporteur de son engagement constant sur ce dossier. Coauteur d’un rapport sur le FIVP lors du Printemps social de l’évaluation 2023, j’ai conscience de notre retard sur cette question. Dispositif créé en 2020, le FIVP vise à faciliter la reconnaissance des pathologies liées à une exposition professionnelle à des pesticides faisant ou ayant fait l’objet d’une autorisation de mise sur le marché. Il a notamment permis d’étendre le périmètre des personnes couvertes, de centraliser les demandes et d’en homogénéiser l’instruction, ou encore d’améliorer le niveau de réparation des non-salariés agricoles. Malgré des débuts difficiles, ce fonds est de mieux en mieux connu. On observe une augmentation très nette du nombre de victimes obtenant une indemnisation : ce nombre a été multiplié par trois en trois ans, soit un peu plus de 1 000 dossiers en 2023. Le montant total des indemnisations a quant à lui été multiplié par six en un an, pour atteindre 6,7 millions d’euros en 2022. Ce dispositif reste trop peu connu aux Antilles, malgré les mesures du plan Chlordécone IV, qui visent à le faire connaître Rappelons que le scandale du chlordécone résulte d’un choix collectif, associant élus, État, acteurs économiques, confrontés aux menaces qui pesaient sur une partie des exploitations et des emplois aux Antilles. Il convient d’apprécier l’ensemble des responsabilités engagées et non seulement celles relevant de l’État. Notre groupe partage l’idée que nous pouvons encore faire beaucoup. Nous espérons que l’examen de cette proposition de loi permettra de trouver une formulation sûre du point de vue juridique, de compléter les travaux menés depuis 2020 sur ces enjeux en reconnaissant l’ampleur des dommages causés en Martinique et en Guadeloupe et d’inscrire dans la loi les ambitions de la stratégie chlordécone.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 302,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p255",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N1419f8e41803",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le sujet que nous évoquons me tient particulièrement à cœur et je tiens à remercier le rapporteur de son engagement constant sur ce dossier. Coauteur d’un rapport sur le FIVP lors du Printemps social de l’évaluation 2023, j’ai conscience de notre retard sur cette question. Dispositif créé en 2020, le FIVP vise à faciliter la reconnaissance des pathologies liées à une exposition professionnelle à des pesticides faisant ou ayant fait l’objet d’une autorisation de mise sur le marché. Il a notamment permis d’étendre le périmètre des personnes couvertes, de centraliser les demandes et d’en homogénéiser l’instruction, ou encore d’améliorer le niveau de réparation des non-salariés agricoles. Malgré des débuts difficiles, ce fonds est de mieux en mieux connu. On observe une augmentation très nette du nombre de victimes obtenant une indemnisation : ce nombre a été multiplié par trois en trois ans, soit un peu plus de 1 000 dossiers en 2023. Le montant total des indemnisations a quant à lui été multiplié par six en un an, pour atteindre 6,7 millions d’euros en 2022. Ce dispositif reste trop peu connu aux Antilles, malgré les mesures du plan Chlordécone IV, qui visent à le faire connaître Rappelons que le scandale du chlordécone résulte d’un choix collectif, associant élus, État, acteurs économiques, confrontés aux menaces qui pesaient sur une partie des exploitations et des emplois aux Antilles. Il convient d’apprécier l’ensemble des responsabilités engagées et non seulement celles relevant de l’État. Notre groupe partage l’idée que nous pouvons encore faire beaucoup. Nous espérons que l’examen de cette proposition de loi permettra de trouver une formulation sûre du point de vue juridique, de compléter les travaux menés depuis 2020 sur ces enjeux en reconnaissant l’ampleur des dommages causés en Martinique et en Guadeloupe et d’inscrire dans la loi les ambitions de la stratégie chlordécone."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (Ecolo - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p258",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "258",
    "259",
    "260"
   ],
   "order": 258,
   "text": "90 % de nos compatriotes martiniquais et guadeloupéens vivent avec du chlordécone dans le sang. Ce poison provoque des cancers et fait de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe les territoires les plus touchés du monde par le cancer de la prostate ; il augmente les risques de naissance prématurée et la survenue de myélomes multiples ; il accélère l’évolution de l’endométriose vers ses stades les plus graves. Ce poison contaminera encore plusieurs siècles les sols, les fleuves, la mer, les plantes, les animaux, les aliments et les habitants de Guadeloupe et de Martinique Ce scandale sanitaire, écologique et social est aussi un scandale d’État. En effet, nous ne serions pas dans cette situation dramatique sans la complicité active de l’État. Pendant trente ans, malgré les rapports des scientifiques et les mises en garde de l’OMS, l’État a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone. Il a accordé des dérogations en Guadeloupe et en Martinique alors même que le chlordécone était interdit sur le sol hexagonal. L’État a également failli, pendant de nombreuses années, en matière de prévention et de gestion de cette pollution à grande échelle. Les négligences sont encore nombreuses. Malgré tout cela, sa responsabilité n’a jamais été reconnue par la justice. La proposition de loi de notre collègue Elie Califer permet d’avancer vers la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et de sortir d’une situation insoutenable, qui voit la vérité piétinée, les coupables absous, les victimes méprisées. Elle ouvre la voie à des politiques d’indemnisation et de réparation. Notre groupe soutient ce texte et présentera plusieurs amendements visant à le préciser sans en altérer l’équilibre. J’appelle l’ensemble des groupes à le voter, car il est très attendu par nos concitoyens en Guadeloupe et en Martinique.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 285,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p258",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6cabaee48a50",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABJPQRSV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "90 % de nos compatriotes martiniquais et guadeloupéens vivent avec du chlordécone dans le sang. Ce poison provoque des cancers et fait de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe les territoires les plus touchés du monde par le cancer de la prostate ; il augmente les risques de naissance prématurée et la survenue de myélomes multiples ; il accélère l’évolution de l’endométriose vers ses stades les plus graves. Ce poison contaminera encore plusieurs siècles les sols, les fleuves, la mer, les plantes, les animaux, les aliments et les habitants de Guadeloupe et de Martinique Ce scandale sanitaire, écologique et social est aussi un scandale d’État. En effet, nous ne serions pas dans cette situation dramatique sans la complicité active de l’État. Pendant trente ans, malgré les rapports des scientifiques et les mises en garde de l’OMS, l’État a autorisé l’utilisation du chlordécone. Il a accordé des dérogations en Guadeloupe et en Martinique alors même que le chlordécone était interdit sur le sol hexagonal. L’État a également failli, pendant de nombreuses années, en matière de prévention et de gestion de cette pollution à grande échelle. Les négligences sont encore nombreuses. Malgré tout cela, sa responsabilité n’a jamais été reconnue par la justice. La proposition de loi de notre collègue [PERSONNE] permet d’avancer vers la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et de sortir d’une situation insoutenable, qui voit la vérité piétinée, les coupables absous, les victimes méprisées. Elle ouvre la voie à des politiques d’indemnisation et de réparation. Notre groupe soutient ce texte et présentera plusieurs amendements visant à le préciser sans en altérer l’équilibre. J’appelle l’ensemble des groupes à le voter, car il est très attendu par nos concitoyens en Guadeloupe et en Martinique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p261",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "261",
    "262",
    "263",
    "264",
    "265"
   ],
   "order": 261,
   "text": "Les députés de notre groupe accueillent avec grand plaisir cette proposition de loi. Notre collègue Marcellin Nadeau a d’ailleurs organisé, le 27 novembre dernier, au cours d’une semaine de contrôle, un débat sur le thème : « Le chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, l’action de l’État face aux nécessaires réparations ». Dans le cadre du prochain Printemps de l’évaluation, Nicolas Sansu, rapporteur spécial du programme 162, Interventions territoriales de l’État, qui comporte notamment des actions budgétaires visant à lutter contre la prolifération des sargasses et à réduire l’exposition des populations à la chlordécone dans les Antilles, proposera un travail fourni sur ce thème. Marcellin Nadeau a également déposé une proposition de loi visant à la reconnaissance, l’étude et l’indemnisation des victimes de la chlordécone et à la création d’un établissement public indépendant chargé de cette mission. Notre groupe lui donnera une traduction législative lors de sa niche parlementaire. Notre proposition de loi n’entre ni en contradiction, ni en concurrence avec celle de notre collègue Califer, qui vise à ce que l’État reconnaisse sa responsabilité dans le scandale du chlordécone et s’engage à indemniser les victimes Il est temps de lancer un véritable plan de reconnaissance et d’indemnisation. Figurez-vous qu’en 1998, les importations de chlordécone en Martinique représentaient 7 kilogrammes par habitant et 120 par hectare cultivé. C’est délirant ! Comment s’étonner que le nombre de cancers ait explosé, bien au-delà des chiffres de l’Hexagone ? Une réparation est donc urgente. L’établissement d’une cartographie complète des zones contaminées ne l’est pas moins, car des dégâts sanitaires s’y produisent encore. Il faut appréhender les conséquences dans leur totalité, que les victimes soient directes ou indirectes, sans négliger un seul des éléments contaminés. La contamination de l’eau, par exemple, a des répercussions sur la pêche aux écrevisses. Bien que le scandale date de plus de cinquante ans, l’utilisation massive de chlordécone a perduré pendant au moins deux décennies et l’affaire n’est pas derrière nous. Les décisions prises par le Gouvernement font l’impasse sur deux conditions majeures. La première consisterait à créer une autorité indépendante – cela avait été fait à propos de l’amiante – qui n’aurait pas la tentation d’accepter sans réagir le rapport de force qui a longtemps prévalu ; la seconde, à reconnaître le rapport néocolonial de domination au principe d’un choix qu’inspirait – tous les chercheurs sérieux le montrent – la défense des grandes plantations : non pas les intérêts des bananes de la République, mais l’intérêt des békés en république bananière ! Un million d’Antillais ont été contaminés. Ce scandale doit être réparé. La proposition de loi de notre collègue Elie Califer pose la première pierre d’un édifice que notre groupe continuera d’ériger.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 445,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p261",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N1e120e8035ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABJQR",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les députés de notre groupe accueillent avec grand plaisir cette proposition de loi. Notre collègue [PERSONNE] a d’ailleurs organisé, le 27 novembre dernier, au cours d’une semaine de contrôle, un débat sur le thème : « Le chlordécone en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, l’action de l’État face aux nécessaires réparations ». Dans le cadre du prochain Printemps de l’évaluation, [PERSONNE], rapporteur spécial du programme 162, Interventions territoriales de l’État, qui comporte notamment des actions budgétaires visant à lutter contre la prolifération des sargasses et à réduire l’exposition des populations à la chlordécone dans les Antilles, proposera un travail fourni sur ce thème. [PERSONNE] a également déposé une proposition de loi visant à la reconnaissance, l’étude et l’indemnisation des victimes de la chlordécone et à la création d’un établissement public indépendant chargé de cette mission. Notre groupe lui donnera une traduction législative lors de sa niche parlementaire. Notre proposition de loi n’entre ni en contradiction, ni en concurrence avec celle de notre collègue Califer, qui vise à ce que l’État reconnaisse sa responsabilité dans le scandale du chlordécone et s’engage à indemniser les victimes Il est temps de lancer un véritable plan de reconnaissance et d’indemnisation. Figurez-vous qu’en 1998, les importations de chlordécone en Martinique représentaient 7 kilogrammes par habitant et 120 par hectare cultivé. C’est délirant ! Comment s’étonner que le nombre de cancers ait explosé, bien au-delà des chiffres de l’Hexagone ? Une réparation est donc urgente. L’établissement d’une cartographie complète des zones contaminées ne l’est pas moins, car des dégâts sanitaires s’y produisent encore. Il faut appréhender les conséquences dans leur totalité, que les victimes soient directes ou indirectes, sans négliger un seul des éléments contaminés. La contamination de l’eau, par exemple, a des répercussions sur la pêche aux écrevisses. Bien que le scandale date de plus de cinquante ans, l’utilisation massive de chlordécone a perduré pendant au moins deux décennies et l’affaire n’est pas derrière nous. Les décisions prises par le Gouvernement font l’impasse sur deux conditions majeures. La première consisterait à créer une autorité indépendante – cela avait été fait à propos de l’amiante – qui n’aurait pas la tentation d’accepter sans réagir le rapport de force qui a longtemps prévalu ; la seconde, à reconnaître le rapport néocolonial de domination au principe d’un choix qu’inspirait – tous les chercheurs sérieux le montrent – la défense des grandes plantations : non pas les intérêts des bananes de la République, mais l’intérêt des békés en république bananière ! Un million d’Antillais ont été contaminés. Ce scandale doit être réparé. La proposition de loi de notre collègue [PERSONNE] pose la première pierre d’un édifice que notre groupe continuera d’ériger."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p266",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "266",
    "267",
    "268"
   ],
   "order": 266,
   "text": "Le groupe Libertés, Indépendants, Outre‑mer et Territoires compte de nombreux députés ultramarins. Avec eux et pour eux, il soutient pleinement ce texte important. Il s’agit en effet de reconnaître le scandale du chlordécone, dont l’État a validé l’utilisation aux Antilles pendant plusieurs années après l’avoir interdit dans l’Hexagone, alors même qu’il connaissait sa toxicité et son caractère cancérigène Le Président de la République a d’ailleurs reconnu en 2018 qu’il s’agissait d’un scandale environnemental, que l’État devait assumer sa part de responsabilité et avancer sur le chemin de la réparation. Cela suppose d’indemniser correctement toutes les victimes, donc d’évaluer le préjudice. Sur le plan sanitaire, Santé publique France et l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) ont publié en 2018 une synthèse de plusieurs études montrant que la quasi-totalité des Antillais sont contaminés. La pollution à la chlordécone affecte les populations ; les Antilles françaises connaissent notamment le plus haut taux d’incidence annuel de cancers de la prostate. Sur les plans environnemental et économique, un cinquième des sols de la Guadeloupe et deux cinquièmes de ceux de la Martinique sont pollués, soit un total de 20 000 hectares. Les zones de pêche, les fruits et légumes et les cheptels sont contaminés. Les dommages sont irréversibles et les conséquences lourdes. Notre groupe appelle à aller plus loin que l’indemnisation, en instaurant un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans, en assurant la transparence des données pour améliorer la communication et en accélérant la formation des professionnels de santé.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 255,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p266",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N10a920a133ad",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQV",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe Libertés, Indépendants, Outre‑mer et Territoires compte de nombreux députés ultramarins. Avec eux et pour eux, il soutient pleinement ce texte important. Il s’agit en effet de reconnaître le scandale du chlordécone, dont l’État a validé l’utilisation aux Antilles pendant plusieurs années après l’avoir interdit dans l’Hexagone, alors même qu’il connaissait sa toxicité et son caractère cancérigène Le Président de la République a d’ailleurs reconnu en 2018 qu’il s’agissait d’un scandale environnemental, que l’État devait assumer sa part de responsabilité et avancer sur le chemin de la réparation. Cela suppose d’indemniser correctement toutes les victimes, donc d’évaluer le préjudice. Sur le plan sanitaire, Santé publique France et l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses) ont publié en 2018 une synthèse de plusieurs études montrant que la quasi-totalité des Antillais sont contaminés. La pollution à la chlordécone affecte les populations ; les Antilles françaises connaissent notamment le plus haut taux d’incidence annuel de cancers de la prostate. Sur les plans environnemental et économique, un cinquième des sols de la Guadeloupe et deux cinquièmes de ceux de la Martinique sont pollués, soit un total de 20 000 hectares. Les zones de pêche, les fruits et légumes et les cheptels sont contaminés. Les dommages sont irréversibles et les conséquences lourdes. Notre groupe appelle à aller plus loin que l’indemnisation, en instaurant un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans, en assurant la transparence des données pour améliorer la communication et en accélérant la formation des professionnels de santé."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA331835",
   "speaker": "Monique Iborra",
   "quality": "Mme Monique Iborra (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p270",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "270"
   ],
   "order": 270,
   "text": "Nous comprenons parfaitement votre démarche et partageons votre volonté de reconnaître les préjudices, d’aller plus loin ; cependant vous ne faites pas preuve ici de l’objectivité à laquelle vous nous avez accoutumés. Vous affirmez que vous ne désignez aucun gouvernement en particulier, mais certains sont plus responsables que d’autres, en particulier celui qui a précédé l’élection de notre majorité, comme un rapport de l’Inspection générale des affaires sociales l’a clairement établi. Notre Gouvernement veut aller plus loin ; il a déjà engagé des démarches et financé plusieurs actions. Vous pouvez les juger insuffisantes, mais elles sont réelles et inédites",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 99,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p270",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nc521e73b4ff7",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous comprenons parfaitement votre démarche et partageons votre volonté de reconnaître les préjudices, d’aller plus loin ; cependant vous ne faites pas preuve ici de l’objectivité à laquelle vous nous avez accoutumés. Vous affirmez que vous ne désignez aucun gouvernement en particulier, mais certains sont plus responsables que d’autres, en particulier celui qui a précédé l’élection de notre majorité, comme un rapport de l’Inspection générale des affaires sociales l’a clairement établi. Notre Gouvernement veut aller plus loin ; il a déjà engagé des démarches et financé plusieurs actions. Vous pouvez les juger insuffisantes, mais elles sont réelles et inédites"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722142",
   "speaker": "François Ruffin",
   "quality": "M. François Ruffin (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p271",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "271",
    "272",
    "273",
    "274"
   ],
   "order": 271,
   "text": "Les Antillais sont-ils des sous-citoyens ? Voilà la question que pose le chlordécone, ce pesticide longtemps répandu dans la culture de la banane. Ce pesticide commence à être utilisé en 1972 et quasiment dès le départ, on sait. On sait qu’il pollue les sols et les eaux, qu’il est cancérigène. Dès 1976, la justice américaine condamne les industriels producteurs et protège les travailleurs : elle interdit le produit. En France, l’affaire traînera vingt ans de plus. Pourquoi ? Parce que l’intérêt des planteurs est passé avant celui des travailleurs, l’économie avant la vie. C’est arrivé aussi parce que c’était dans les îles – dans l’inconscient, d’anciennes colonies. Elles sont loin, leurs habitants peuvent être considérés comme des sous-citoyens. Du coup, les dégâts sont immenses. Plus de 90 % des populations sont contaminées ; d’après l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, le produit pourrait mettre cinq siècles à disparaître ; il provoque des cancers de la prostate La République a failli, sa justice a failli : en 2006, des associations guadeloupéennes et martiniquaises ont déposé une plainte, mais en quatorze ans la justice n’a rien fait, ou pas grand-chose, jusqu’à ce que le délai de prescription soit épuisé et la procédure éteinte. Même s’il est tard, nous devons reconnaître que les Antillaises et les Antillais sont des citoyens ; la République française doit reconnaître sa responsabilité dans les préjudices sanitaires, écologique et économique subis et s’assigner les objectifs de dépolluer les terres et les eaux, ainsi que d’indemniser les victimes. Il s’agit d’acter que les Antillais ne sont pas des sous-citoyens.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 264,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p271",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nea0f142c68f3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQ",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Les Antillais sont-ils des sous-citoyens ? Voilà la question que pose le chlordécone, ce pesticide longtemps répandu dans la culture de la banane. Ce pesticide commence à être utilisé en 1972 et quasiment dès le départ, on sait. On sait qu’il pollue les sols et les eaux, qu’il est cancérigène. Dès 1976, la justice américaine condamne les industriels producteurs et protège les travailleurs : elle interdit le produit. En France, l’affaire traînera vingt ans de plus. Pourquoi ? Parce que l’intérêt des planteurs est passé avant celui des travailleurs, l’économie avant la vie. C’est arrivé aussi parce que c’était dans les îles – dans l’inconscient, d’anciennes colonies. Elles sont loin, leurs habitants peuvent être considérés comme des sous-citoyens. Du coup, les dégâts sont immenses. Plus de 90 % des populations sont contaminées ; d’après l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, le produit pourrait mettre cinq siècles à disparaître ; il provoque des cancers de la prostate La République a failli, sa justice a failli : en 2006, des associations guadeloupéennes et martiniquaises ont déposé une plainte, mais en quatorze ans la justice n’a rien fait, ou pas grand-chose, jusqu’à ce que le délai de prescription soit épuisé et la procédure éteinte. Même s’il est tard, nous devons reconnaître que les Antillaises et les Antillais sont des citoyens ; la République française doit reconnaître sa responsabilité dans les préjudices sanitaires, écologique et économique subis et s’assigner les objectifs de dépolluer les terres et les eaux, ainsi que d’indemniser les victimes. Il s’agit d’acter que les Antillais ne sont pas des sous-citoyens."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA1567",
   "speaker": "Jérôme Guedj",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme Guedj (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p275",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "275",
    "276",
    "277",
    "278"
   ],
   "order": 275,
   "text": "Lorsque la question du décalage temporel a été abordée, mes chers collègues, certains d’entre vous ont murmuré. C’est vrai, la protection sanitaire a été accordée à deux vitesses, parce qu’il s’agissait d’un problème ultramarin Le libellé de l’article 1er est essentiel. En écrivant « La République française reconnaît sa responsabilité dans les préjudices », nous sommes lucides sur la responsabilité et sur ses conséquences sanitaires. Manifestement, la dénonciation des méfaits du chlordécone fait consensus. Votre amendement AS25, Mme Parmentier-Lecocq, tend à dévitaliser le texte, pas seulement à amoindrir sa portée symbolique. Au regard de notre proposition d’écrire que la République française reconnaît sa responsabilité, votre rédaction revient à faire trois pas en arrière. En légistique, les mots ont leur importance : écrire « La République française reconnaît l’ampleur des dommages sanitaires », c’est enfoncer une porte ouverte. Les scientifiques, les politiques et, surtout, les Antillais eux-mêmes en connaissent l’ampleur. En revanche, ils attendent que la République reconnaisse ses responsabilités pour en tirer les conséquences : la dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et l’indemnisation des victimes. Je nous invite à mesurer combien il serait désastreux d’aboutir à un texte croupion.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 191,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p275",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N212b9e290be0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Lorsque la question du décalage temporel a été abordée, mes chers collègues, certains d’entre vous ont murmuré. C’est vrai, la protection sanitaire a été accordée à deux vitesses, parce qu’il s’agissait d’un problème ultramarin Le libellé de l’article 1er est essentiel. En écrivant « La République française reconnaît sa responsabilité dans les préjudices », nous sommes lucides sur la responsabilité et sur ses conséquences sanitaires. Manifestement, la dénonciation des méfaits du chlordécone fait consensus. Votre amendement AS25, Mme Parmentier-Lecocq, tend à dévitaliser le texte, pas seulement à amoindrir sa portée symbolique. Au regard de notre proposition d’écrire que la République française reconnaît sa responsabilité, votre rédaction revient à faire trois pas en arrière. En légistique, les mots ont leur importance : écrire « La République française reconnaît l’ampleur des dommages sanitaires », c’est enfoncer une porte ouverte. Les scientifiques, les politiques et, surtout, les Antillais eux-mêmes en connaissent l’ampleur. En revanche, ils attendent que la République reconnaisse ses responsabilités pour en tirer les conséquences : la dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et l’indemnisation des victimes. Je nous invite à mesurer combien il serait désastreux d’aboutir à un texte croupion."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA609590",
   "speaker": "Valérie Rabault",
   "quality": "Mme Valérie Rabault (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p279",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "279"
   ],
   "order": 279,
   "text": "Mme Parmentier-Lecocq a affirmé que l’Assemblée nationale ne pouvait pas reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État. C’est faux. En 2014, Mme Ericka Bareigts a défendu une proposition de loi visant à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le transfert de 1 600 enfants réunionnais vers la métropole entre 1963 et 1982. L’Assemblée nationale l’a votée. Ainsi, elle peut adopter un texte reconnaissant la responsabilité de l’État. Évidemment, il est impossible de dédommager un tel préjudice, mais la reconnaissance de la responsabilité permet d’engager des recours. C’est primordial. Ce qui a été accompli pour les enfants réunionnais peut l’être pour les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 103,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p279",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N7f3419d5c115",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Mme Parmentier-Lecocq a affirmé que l’Assemblée nationale ne pouvait pas reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État. C’est faux. En 2014, Mme [PERSONNE] a défendu une proposition de loi visant à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le transfert de 1 600 enfants réunionnais vers la métropole entre 1963 et 1982. L’Assemblée nationale l’a votée. Ainsi, elle peut adopter un texte reconnaissant la responsabilité de l’État. Évidemment, il est impossible de dédommager un tel préjudice, mais la reconnaissance de la responsabilité permet d’engager des recours. C’est primordial. Ce qui a été accompli pour les enfants réunionnais peut l’être pour les Martiniquais et les Guadeloupéens"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p280",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "280",
    "281",
    "282",
    "283",
    "284",
    "285",
    "286",
    "287",
    "288",
    "289",
    "290",
    "291",
    "292",
    "293",
    "294",
    "295",
    "296"
   ],
   "order": 280,
   "text": "Je vous parle au nom de Français, et non de ressortissants étrangers. Il ne s’agit pas de coopération. Dans leur territoire, ces Français défendent les valeurs de la République, avec générosité et avec honneur Madame Parmentier-Lecocq, je connais l’intérêt sensible que vous inspire ce scandale. Nous, représentants du peuple, pouvons tout à fait légiférer pour reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État. Dans quelques jours, nous examinerons une proposition de loi, adoptée par le Sénat, portant réparation des personnes condamnées pour homosexualité entre 1945 et 1982. Elle prévoit que la République française reconnaît sa responsabilité. Encore une fois, je demande qu’on regarde les habitants de ces territoires comme des Français. L’article 1er de la loi du 23 février 2022 portant reconnaissance de la nation envers les harkis et les autres personnes rapatriées d’Algérie anciennement de statut civil de droit local et réparation des préjudices subis par ceux-ci et leurs familles du fait de l’indignité de leurs conditions d’accueil et de vie dans certaines structures sur le territoire français dispose que la nation « reconnaît sa responsabilité ». Nous pouvons donc tout à fait légiférer en ce sens. Nous sommes d’accord, il faut aller plus loin ; mais le dispositif de l’amendement que vous nous soumettez n’est qu’une copie du plan Chlordécone IV ! Madame Levavasseur, je partage complètement votre analyse. Il faut dire à tous que la chlordécone a dévasté nos territoires ! Au-delà des obédiences politiques, nous devons tous admettre que cela engendrera de la souffrance pour des centaines d’années. Il ne s’agit pas de défendre les positions d’un groupe mais de tendre la main à des hommes et à des femmes condamnés, pires, désignés comme responsables de leur propre malheur, lorsque les agriculteurs sont mis en cause. Qui a autorisé la dérogation ? Ce n’étaient ni les agriculteurs ni les planteurs. Vous avez raison, madame Simonnet, la Martinique et la Guadeloupe ont connu un régime différent du régime national. Il faut peut-être aller plus loin, mais à une autre occasion. Monsieur Neuder, vous soulignez l’ampleur des dégâts, que la situation des Antilles est unique au monde. La stratégie à adopter, c’est la main tendue de la reconnaissance. Ensuite, le Parlement pourra travailler de manière transpartisane. Chère Maud Petit, je connais votre sensibilité au problème. La position du groupe Démocrate me surprend, mais elle est démocratique. Oui, le Président a pris une décision – non sans hésitation. Il a assisté à une réunion avec les représentants de la nation ; il y eut un temps de rejet, puis l’acceptation et la déclaration en Martinique. Pour éviter tout nouveau recul, nous voulons inscrire la reconnaissance dans le marbre de la loi. Je ne veux pas, madame Iborra, accuser tel ou tel gouvernement. Nulle part dans le texte je ne désigne de ministre en particulier, qu’il s’agisse des années 1970 ou 1980. Le problème est grave : ne relançons pas ce débat politicien ! Parfois, les symboles ouvrent de grandes portes. Pour les Antillais que nous sommes, ce texte a une signification forte. Pour leur descendance, pour celle de l’humanité, nous devons nous accorder et agir collectivement. Cher Arthur Delaporte, nous avons suffisamment travaillé sur ce dossier pour convenir des insuffisances de l’État. Monsieur Christophe, je sais que vous partagez avec la banane une belle complicité. Mais vous savez que pour arriver jusqu’à vous, elle a causé bien des dégâts – sur les personnes et sur l’environnement. Nous devons avancer ensemble. Je crois honnêtement pouvoir compter sur votre décision. Il ne s’agit pas de pesticides classiques ; la rémanence de la chlordécone est supérieure. Certains d’entre nous pensent qu’il faudra constituer un fonds spécial, mais nous n’en sommes pas encore là. Nous devons examiner ces aspects avec calme et avec la volonté qui sied à notre mission de représentants du peuple français, dont font partie les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais. Bien sûr, madame Rousseau, l’État a été pire que négligent. Des amendements ont été déposés pour y remédier, mais nous devons préserver l’économie du texte. Nous aurons l’occasion d’y revenir, puisque telle est la volonté du peuple, que tous ensemble nous représentons. Vous comprenez aisément, monsieur Monnet, que le texte de M. Marcellin Nadeau et le mien ne sont pas concurrents mais se complètent. Peut-être à terme verrons-nous mieux comment mener le travail qu’appelle l’ampleur de la catastrophe. L’affaire est devant nous. Oui, monsieur Colombani, nous avons des camarades dans votre groupe. Vous l’avez dit, il faut aller beaucoup plus loin. Madame Iborra, j’ai été très mesuré – je pense d’ailleurs que ceux qui m’écoutent de là-bas ne sont pas contents de moi, ni du tempo que j’ai choisi ! Je le répète : il ne s’agit pas d’incriminer tel ou tel gouvernement. Pendant cinquante ans, tous ont été concernés. M. Macron n’a pas tout de suite admis les faits, mais il est revenu sur sa position initiale et des plans ont été déployés. Nous ne sommes pas des sous-citoyens, monsieur Ruffin, cela va de soi. J’ai dépassé ce stade : je veux que l’on nous considère comme des citoyens français et que l’on nous accompagne. Monsieur Guedj, vous avez raison s’agissant de la protection à deux vitesses. Comme Mme Rabault et vous, j’affirme que nous pouvons tout à fait légiférer.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 868,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p280",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N798468370781",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous parle au nom de Français, et non de ressortissants étrangers. Il ne s’agit pas de coopération. Dans leur territoire, ces Français défendent les valeurs de la République, avec générosité et avec honneur Madame Parmentier-Lecocq, je connais l’intérêt sensible que vous inspire ce scandale. Nous, représentants du peuple, pouvons tout à fait légiférer pour reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État. Dans quelques jours, nous examinerons une proposition de loi, adoptée par le Sénat, portant réparation des personnes condamnées pour homosexualité entre 1945 et 1982. Elle prévoit que la République française reconnaît sa responsabilité. Encore une fois, je demande qu’on regarde les habitants de ces territoires comme des Français. L’article 1er de la loi du 23 février 2022 portant reconnaissance de la nation envers les harkis et les autres personnes rapatriées d’Algérie anciennement de statut civil de droit local et réparation des préjudices subis par ceux-ci et leurs familles du fait de l’indignité de leurs conditions d’accueil et de vie dans certaines structures sur le territoire français dispose que la nation « reconnaît sa responsabilité ». Nous pouvons donc tout à fait légiférer en ce sens. Nous sommes d’accord, il faut aller plus loin ; mais le dispositif de l’amendement que vous nous soumettez n’est qu’une copie du plan Chlordécone IV ! Madame Levavasseur, je partage complètement votre analyse. Il faut dire à tous que la chlordécone a dévasté nos territoires ! Au-delà des obédiences politiques, nous devons tous admettre que cela engendrera de la souffrance pour des centaines d’années. Il ne s’agit pas de défendre les positions d’un groupe mais de tendre la main à des hommes et à des femmes condamnés, pires, désignés comme responsables de leur propre malheur, lorsque les agriculteurs sont mis en cause. Qui a autorisé la dérogation ? Ce n’étaient ni les agriculteurs ni les planteurs. Vous avez raison, madame Simonnet, la Martinique et la Guadeloupe ont connu un régime différent du régime national. Il faut peut-être aller plus loin, mais à une autre occasion. Monsieur Neuder, vous soulignez l’ampleur des dégâts, que la situation des Antilles est unique au monde. La stratégie à adopter, c’est la main tendue de la reconnaissance. Ensuite, le Parlement pourra travailler de manière transpartisane. Chère [PERSONNE], je connais votre sensibilité au problème. La position du groupe Démocrate me surprend, mais elle est démocratique. Oui, le Président a pris une décision – non sans hésitation. Il a assisté à une réunion avec les représentants de la nation ; il y eut un temps de rejet, puis l’acceptation et la déclaration en Martinique. Pour éviter tout nouveau recul, nous voulons inscrire la reconnaissance dans le marbre de la loi. Je ne veux pas, madame Iborra, accuser tel ou tel gouvernement. Nulle part dans le texte je ne désigne de ministre en particulier, qu’il s’agisse des années 1970 ou 1980. Le problème est grave : ne relançons pas ce débat politicien ! Parfois, les symboles ouvrent de grandes portes. Pour les Antillais que nous sommes, ce texte a une signification forte. Pour leur descendance, pour celle de l’humanité, nous devons nous accorder et agir collectivement. Cher [PERSONNE], nous avons suffisamment travaillé sur ce dossier pour convenir des insuffisances de l’État. Monsieur Christophe, je sais que vous partagez avec la banane une belle complicité. Mais vous savez que pour arriver jusqu’à vous, elle a causé bien des dégâts – sur les personnes et sur l’environnement. Nous devons avancer ensemble. Je crois honnêtement pouvoir compter sur votre décision. Il ne s’agit pas de pesticides classiques ; la rémanence de la chlordécone est supérieure. Certains d’entre nous pensent qu’il faudra constituer un fonds spécial, mais nous n’en sommes pas encore là. Nous devons examiner ces aspects avec calme et avec la volonté qui sied à notre mission de représentants du peuple français, dont font partie les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais. Bien sûr, madame Rousseau, l’État a été pire que négligent. Des amendements ont été déposés pour y remédier, mais nous devons préserver l’économie du texte. Nous aurons l’occasion d’y revenir, puisque telle est la volonté du peuple, que tous ensemble nous représentons. Vous comprenez aisément, monsieur Monnet, que le texte de M. [PERSONNE] et le mien ne sont pas concurrents mais se complètent. Peut-être à terme verrons-nous mieux comment mener le travail qu’appelle l’ampleur de la catastrophe. L’affaire est devant nous. Oui, monsieur Colombani, nous avons des camarades dans votre groupe. Vous l’avez dit, il faut aller beaucoup plus loin. Madame Iborra, j’ai été très mesuré – je pense d’ailleurs que ceux qui m’écoutent de là-bas ne sont pas contents de moi, ni du tempo que j’ai choisi ! Je le répète : il ne s’agit pas d’incriminer tel ou tel gouvernement. Pendant cinquante ans, tous ont été concernés. M. Macron n’a pas tout de suite admis les faits, mais il est revenu sur sa position initiale et des plans ont été déployés. Nous ne sommes pas des sous-citoyens, monsieur Ruffin, cela va de soi. J’ai dépassé ce stade : je veux que l’on nous considère comme des citoyens français et que l’on nous accompagne. Monsieur Guedj, vous avez raison s’agissant de la protection à deux vitesses. Comme Mme Rabault et vous, j’affirme que nous pouvons tout à fait légiférer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722374",
   "speaker": "Cyrille Isaac-Sibille",
   "quality": "M. Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p297",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "297"
   ],
   "order": 297,
   "text": "L’exposition au chlordécone s’inscrit dans le problème plus global de l’exposition aux produits chimiques, comme les phytosanitaires – j’ai remis au Gouvernement un rapport intitulé « Per- et polyfluoroalkylés (Pfas), pollution et dépendance : comment faire marche arrière ? » –, les microplastiques, les antibiotiques et les hormones. Elle soulève d’abord la question de la responsabilité. Le chlordécone a été utilisé pendant des années, mais qui en est responsable ? Faut-il désigner l’État, les responsables politiques de l’époque, les planteurs, les industriels ? Il est difficile d’en incriminer un en particulier. Ensuite, tout le monde reconnaît qu’il y a eu un scandale. L’important est d’éviter que cela se reproduise. On crée des instances pour surveiller le climat et le nucléaire. Je plaide pour l’instauration d’un organe de veille consacré aux produits chimiques",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 132,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p297",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N5ec28352ad61",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "L’exposition au chlordécone s’inscrit dans le problème plus global de l’exposition aux produits chimiques, comme les phytosanitaires – j’ai remis au Gouvernement un rapport intitulé « Per- et polyfluoroalkylés (Pfas), pollution et dépendance : comment faire marche arrière ? » –, les microplastiques, les antibiotiques et les hormones. Elle soulève d’abord la question de la responsabilité. Le chlordécone a été utilisé pendant des années, mais qui en est responsable ? Faut-il désigner l’État, les responsables politiques de l’époque, les planteurs, les industriels ? Il est difficile d’en incriminer un en particulier. Ensuite, tout le monde reconnaît qu’il y a eu un scandale. L’important est d’éviter que cela se reproduise. On crée des instances pour surveiller le climat et le nucléaire. Je plaide pour l’instauration d’un organe de veille consacré aux produits chimiques"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA344201",
   "speaker": "Bertrand Petit",
   "quality": "M. Bertrand Petit (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p298",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "298",
    "299"
   ],
   "order": 298,
   "text": "Il faut appeler un chat « un chat ». La majorité propose de reconnaître « l’ampleur des dommages ». Au regard des éléments dont nous disposons, il faut reconnaître une responsabilité, le contraire serait un affront aux populations antillaises qui subissent les effets de la pollution, notamment pathologiques Les mots ont un sens, il faut donc nous assigner l’objectif de « la dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées », et non seulement de « mener des actions visant à supprimer le risque d’exposition ». Le texte doit être précis.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p298",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N0f70122ec6a1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "QR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut appeler un chat « un chat ». La majorité propose de reconnaître « l’ampleur des dommages ». Au regard des éléments dont nous disposons, il faut reconnaître une responsabilité, le contraire serait un affront aux populations antillaises qui subissent les effets de la pollution, notamment pathologiques Les mots ont un sens, il faut donc nous assigner l’objectif de « la dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées », et non seulement de « mener des actions visant à supprimer le risque d’exposition ». Le texte doit être précis."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA643134",
   "speaker": "Isabelle Valentin",
   "quality": "Mme Isabelle Valentin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p300",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "300",
    "301",
    "302"
   ],
   "order": 300,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi vise à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices que l’utilisation du chlordécone a causé aux Antilles, afin d’en indemniser les victimes. Le texte prévoit de fixer l’objectif de dépolluer les terres et les eaux contaminées. Il s’agit d’un pesticide interdit en France depuis 1990, qu’une dérogation ministérielle a malheureusement autorisé dans les bananeraies jusqu’en 1993 Le taux d’incidence du cancer de la prostate aux Antilles est parmi les plus élevés du monde. Pour l’heure, les actions judiciaires visant à dédommager les victimes n’ont pas abouti, toutefois l’État a créé un fonds de soutien qui a permis de premières indemnisations. De nombreuses associations dénoncent cependant les lenteurs administratives. De plus, le dispositif ne concerne que les professionnels ; or le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental s’étend à l’ensemble de la population. La présente proposition de loi met en lumière l’enjeu de santé public que représente l’exposition des territoires ultramarins à la chlordécone. Pourriez-vous nous préciser le nombre de plaintes déposées, le nombre de victimes déjà indemnisées et les montants versés ? Des actions de dépollution ont-elles déjà été menées ?",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 184,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p300",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Ne7982380dc8f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi vise à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices que l’utilisation du chlordécone a causé aux Antilles, afin d’en indemniser les victimes. Le texte prévoit de fixer l’objectif de dépolluer les terres et les eaux contaminées. Il s’agit d’un pesticide interdit en France depuis 1990, qu’une dérogation ministérielle a malheureusement autorisé dans les bananeraies jusqu’en 1993 Le taux d’incidence du cancer de la prostate aux Antilles est parmi les plus élevés du monde. Pour l’heure, les actions judiciaires visant à dédommager les victimes n’ont pas abouti, toutefois l’État a créé un fonds de soutien qui a permis de premières indemnisations. De nombreuses associations dénoncent cependant les lenteurs administratives. De plus, le dispositif ne concerne que les professionnels ; or le préjudice sanitaire et environnemental s’étend à l’ensemble de la population. La présente proposition de loi met en lumière l’enjeu de santé public que représente l’exposition des territoires ultramarins à la chlordécone. Pourriez-vous nous préciser le nombre de plaintes déposées, le nombre de victimes déjà indemnisées et les montants versés ? Des actions de dépollution ont-elles déjà été menées ?"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793816",
   "speaker": "Mélanie Thomin",
   "quality": "Mme Mélanie Thomin (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p303",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "303",
    "304",
    "305"
   ],
   "order": 303,
   "text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, vous souhaitez que la République reconnaisse sa responsabilité. Ce n’est pas la même chose que reconnaître l’ampleur des dommages. Au centre de la question se trouve la reconnaissance des préjudices. Tel doit être l’objet de la loi, et non dresser un simple catalogue des dégâts La majorité présidentielle préconise de réinventer des outils pour améliorer la santé environnementale. Quid du plan Écophyto II+ ? Le Premier ministre vient de le supprimer ! Vos arguments sont cohérents avec son arrêt sec et sans concertation : la santé humaine et la santé environnementale sont des sujets de second plan. Il s’agit ici de reconnaître un préjudice durable – un à six siècles – et d’apporter une réponse forte à la défiance de nos concitoyens. Le chlordécone a participé à rompre les liens qui rattachent les Antilles à la République. Dépassons les considérations partisanes pour assumer nos responsabilités parlementaires en posant la première pierre de la reconnaissance qu’ils attendent.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 159,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p303",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nb4e499f2d996",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Monsieur le rapporteur, vous souhaitez que la République reconnaisse sa responsabilité. Ce n’est pas la même chose que reconnaître l’ampleur des dommages. Au centre de la question se trouve la reconnaissance des préjudices. Tel doit être l’objet de la loi, et non dresser un simple catalogue des dégâts La majorité présidentielle préconise de réinventer des outils pour améliorer la santé environnementale. Quid du plan Écophyto II+ ? Le Premier ministre vient de le supprimer ! Vos arguments sont cohérents avec son arrêt sec et sans concertation : la santé humaine et la santé environnementale sont des sujets de second plan. Il s’agit ici de reconnaître un préjudice durable – un à six siècles – et d’apporter une réponse forte à la défiance de nos concitoyens. Le chlordécone a participé à rompre les liens qui rattachent les Antilles à la République. Dépassons les considérations partisanes pour assumer nos responsabilités parlementaires en posant la première pierre de la reconnaissance qu’ils attendent."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722162",
   "speaker": "Nicolas Turquois",
   "quality": "M. Nicolas Turquois (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p306",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "306",
    "307"
   ],
   "order": 306,
   "text": "J’ai découvert le problème du chlordécone avec Mme Maud Petit, ma voisine en séance publique pendant la précédente législature. Elle m’en a parlé à l’occasion des débats relatifs au glyphosate ; grâce à nos discussions et à celles que j’ai eues avec des Antillais, j’ai compris à quel point la question était pour eux viscérale. Nous ne pouvons l’examiner de manière seulement politique Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et prévoir une indemnité ne serait pas faire le bon choix. D’abord, plusieurs acteurs, économiques et institutionnels, ont joué un rôle. La justice elle-même a eu du mal à trancher. Ensuite, décider une réparation reviendrait à laisser indéfiniment la plaie ouverte : les situations sont différentes, un même problème de santé peut avoir des causes diverses. La crise de confiance est grave ; il faut réparer le lien qui nous unit à nos compatriotes antillais. Nous devons investir beaucoup plus dans la prévention, dans les soins et dans la recherche : en matière d’alimentation, de modes de vie, de traitement des sols, il existe des pistes prometteuses.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 175,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p306",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nc2991b99c936",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai découvert le problème du chlordécone avec Mme [PERSONNE], ma voisine en séance publique pendant la précédente législature. Elle m’en a parlé à l’occasion des débats relatifs au glyphosate ; grâce à nos discussions et à celles que j’ai eues avec des Antillais, j’ai compris à quel point la question était pour eux viscérale. Nous ne pouvons l’examiner de manière seulement politique Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et prévoir une indemnité ne serait pas faire le bon choix. D’abord, plusieurs acteurs, économiques et institutionnels, ont joué un rôle. La justice elle-même a eu du mal à trancher. Ensuite, décider une réparation reviendrait à laisser indéfiniment la plaie ouverte : les situations sont différentes, un même problème de santé peut avoir des causes diverses. La crise de confiance est grave ; il faut réparer le lien qui nous unit à nos compatriotes antillais. Nous devons investir beaucoup plus dans la prévention, dans les soins et dans la recherche : en matière d’alimentation, de modes de vie, de traitement des sols, il existe des pistes prometteuses."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718926",
   "speaker": "Pierre Dharréville",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Dharréville (GDR - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p308",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "308",
    "309"
   ],
   "order": 308,
   "text": "Le chlordécone est un scandale sanitaire dont nous n’avons pas encore pris toute la mesure, et tout n’a pas encore été fait pour la prendre Nous devons éviter de transformer ce texte en un communiqué de presse, et lui conserver une portée juridique. Pour cela, il faut reconnaître une responsabilité publique, même si elle n’est pas la seule. Pour notre part, nous sommes décidés à en tirer les conséquences.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 69,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p308",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N5867e4336bc8",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le chlordécone est un scandale sanitaire dont nous n’avons pas encore pris toute la mesure, et tout n’a pas encore été fait pour la prendre Nous devons éviter de transformer ce texte en un communiqué de presse, et lui conserver une portée juridique. Pour cela, il faut reconnaître une responsabilité publique, même si elle n’est pas la seule. Pour notre part, nous sommes décidés à en tirer les conséquences."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p310",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "310",
    "311",
    "312",
    "313",
    "314",
    "315",
    "316"
   ],
   "order": 310,
   "text": "Nous sommes d’accord, monsieur Isaac-Sibille, il faut éviter que cela se reproduise. Mais la substance est dans les terres, elle est inscrite dans notre devenir : la science a montré l’influence épigénétique de la molécule – nos enfants en seront atteints à tout jamais En application des lois de 1943 et de 1972, l’État devait solliciter l’avis de plusieurs commissions avant d’autoriser l’utilisation du chlordécone. Or il n’a pas attendu leur avis, ou n’en a pas tenu compte. Nous avons tous été maire : même lorsque nous répondons à la demande d’un citoyen, on est responsable de ce qu’on signe. Oui, monsieur Petit, les mots ont un sens. Nous reconnaissons les avancées du plan Chlordécone IV, mais nous voulons garantir qu’un autre gouvernement ne puisse revenir sur ces décisions. Il faut un engagement à long terme. Il serait beau que le peuple, par la voix de ses représentants, affirme que nous agirons jusqu’à la résolution du problème. Vous m’interrogez sur le nombre de dossiers, madame Valentin : c’est là tout le drame de l’affaire. J’ai eu l’honneur d’administrer la ville bananière de Saint-Claude : la carte de la contamination des sols n’est pas achevée ; nous savons seulement qu’il ne faut ni planter, ni consommer les produits cultivés. Les plans Chlordécone successifs ne concernent que les maladies professionnelles. La Martinique compte entre 12 000 et 13 000 ouvriers agricoles ; 155 dossiers ont été déposés, 58 ont connu une issue favorable, soit 0,007 % de la population contaminée. Voilà où nous en sommes ! Certains ont demandé la reconnaissance comme un geste susceptible d’apaiser la défiance et d’engager un accompagnement à long terme. C’est bien ce que nous voulons. Monsieur Turquois, la justice, plongée dans un profond embarras, a reconnu les carences fautives de l’État. Mais ce n’est pas l’objet du texte, qui tend à affirmer la reconnaissance. Vous avez raison, monsieur Dharréville, nous n’avons pas pris toute la mesure de la situation. Cette proposition de loi est la porte d’entrée du travail d’analyse que nous devons mener, sereinement, en pensant qu’il y a des hommes qui meurent, d’autres qui sont morts, et derrière eux tout ce qu’on ignore encore. Aussi demandons-nous de renforcer le travail de l’Agence nationale de la recherche.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION",
   "article": "Article 2 Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p72",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 372,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p310",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N4000ca6a4148",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous sommes d’accord, monsieur Isaac-Sibille, il faut éviter que cela se reproduise. Mais la substance est dans les terres, elle est inscrite dans notre devenir : la science a montré l’influence épigénétique de la molécule – nos enfants en seront atteints à tout jamais En application des lois de 1943 et de 1972, l’État devait solliciter l’avis de plusieurs commissions avant d’autoriser l’utilisation du chlordécone. Or il n’a pas attendu leur avis, ou n’en a pas tenu compte. Nous avons tous été maire : même lorsque nous répondons à la demande d’un citoyen, on est responsable de ce qu’on signe. Oui, monsieur Petit, les mots ont un sens. Nous reconnaissons les avancées du plan Chlordécone IV, mais nous voulons garantir qu’un autre gouvernement ne puisse revenir sur ces décisions. Il faut un engagement à long terme. Il serait beau que le peuple, par la voix de ses représentants, affirme que nous agirons jusqu’à la résolution du problème. Vous m’interrogez sur le nombre de dossiers, madame Valentin : c’est là tout le drame de l’affaire. J’ai eu l’honneur d’administrer la ville bananière de Saint-Claude : la carte de la contamination des sols n’est pas achevée ; nous savons seulement qu’il ne faut ni planter, ni consommer les produits cultivés. Les plans Chlordécone successifs ne concernent que les maladies professionnelles. La Martinique compte entre 12 000 et 13 000 ouvriers agricoles ; 155 dossiers ont été déposés, 58 ont connu une issue favorable, soit 0,007 % de la population contaminée. Voilà où nous en sommes ! Certains ont demandé la reconnaissance comme un geste susceptible d’apaiser la défiance et d’engager un accompagnement à long terme. C’est bien ce que nous voulons. Monsieur Turquois, la justice, plongée dans un profond embarras, a reconnu les carences fautives de l’État. Mais ce n’est pas l’objet du texte, qui tend à affirmer la reconnaissance. Vous avez raison, monsieur Dharréville, nous n’avons pas pris toute la mesure de la situation. Cette proposition de loi est la porte d’entrée du travail d’analyse que nous devons mener, sereinement, en pensant qu’il y a des hommes qui meurent, d’autres qui sont morts, et derrière eux tout ce qu’on ignore encore. Aussi demandons-nous de renforcer le travail de l’Agence nationale de la recherche."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p323",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "323"
   ],
   "order": 323,
   "text": "Votre amendement tend à réécrire l’article, donc à refondre complètement le dispositif. Vous décrivez les mesures du plan Chlordécone IV. Avec beaucoup de respect, je dirais même que vous dressez le catalogue des actions déjà entreprises. Vous êtes de bonne foi, mais votre rédaction n’est pas acceptable",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 47,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p323",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Na4509ea0ab18",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement tend à réécrire l’article, donc à refondre complètement le dispositif. Vous décrivez les mesures du plan Chlordécone IV. Avec beaucoup de respect, je dirais même que vous dressez le catalogue des actions déjà entreprises. Vous êtes de bonne foi, mais votre rédaction n’est pas acceptable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA346782",
   "speaker": "Philippe Juvin",
   "quality": "M. Philippe Juvin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p328",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "328"
   ],
   "order": 328,
   "text": "Si la proposition de loi a une portée symbolique, elle a aussi une utilité réelle : l’État a une part de responsabilité, même s’il n’est sans doute pas le seul et qu’il appartiendra au juge de le déterminer. Notre groupe regrette la disparition du mot « responsabilité » dans cette nouvelle rédaction. Quant à la dimension symbolique, il me semble que le Président de la République ne saurait reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État sur place, pour se contredire une fois de retour en métropole. C’est pourquoi la rédaction de cet amendement ne nous convient pas",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 95,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p328",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N909060abf1fe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Si la proposition de loi a une portée symbolique, elle a aussi une utilité réelle : l’État a une part de responsabilité, même s’il n’est sans doute pas le seul et qu’il appartiendra au juge de le déterminer. Notre groupe regrette la disparition du mot « responsabilité » dans cette nouvelle rédaction. Quant à la dimension symbolique, il me semble que le Président de la République ne saurait reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État sur place, pour se contredire une fois de retour en métropole. C’est pourquoi la rédaction de cet amendement ne nous convient pas"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA796018",
   "speaker": "Danielle Simonnet",
   "quality": "Mme Danielle Simonnet (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p329",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "329",
    "330"
   ],
   "order": 329,
   "text": "Il faut absolument rejeter cet amendement car il vise à réécrire totalement le texte en le vidant de sa substance. Le texte proposé reconnaît en effet la double responsabilité de l’État français : non seulement les travailleuses et les travailleurs ont continué à être empoisonnés alors que la dangerosité du chlordécone était connue, mais le produit a été utilisé en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, alors qu’il était interdit en métropole De plus, alors qu’il est nécessaire de fixer un objectif en matière de dépollution, l’amendement se contente, « à terme, de supprimer les risques liés à la pollution » : quel est ce terme ? Les victimes doivent pouvoir être indemnisées. Or elles sont peu nombreuses, car les dossiers sont très compliqués à monter et seuls les travailleurs répondant à des conditions particulières sont éligibles. La formulation selon laquelle « la République française poursuit son objectif d’indemnisation des victimes de cette contamination » n’est donc pas pertinente. Nous présenterons d’ailleurs des amendements pour élargir la recevabilité à toutes les personnes contaminées, quel que soit leur lieu de résidence actuel. Cet amendement est une honte !",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 185,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p329",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N66690ea7435f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut absolument rejeter cet amendement car il vise à réécrire totalement le texte en le vidant de sa substance. Le texte proposé reconnaît en effet la double responsabilité de l’État français : non seulement les travailleuses et les travailleurs ont continué à être empoisonnés alors que la dangerosité du chlordécone était connue, mais le produit a été utilisé en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, alors qu’il était interdit en métropole De plus, alors qu’il est nécessaire de fixer un objectif en matière de dépollution, l’amendement se contente, « à terme, de supprimer les risques liés à la pollution » : quel est ce terme ? Les victimes doivent pouvoir être indemnisées. Or elles sont peu nombreuses, car les dossiers sont très compliqués à monter et seuls les travailleurs répondant à des conditions particulières sont éligibles. La formulation selon laquelle « la République française poursuit son objectif d’indemnisation des victimes de cette contamination » n’est donc pas pertinente. Nous présenterons d’ailleurs des amendements pour élargir la recevabilité à toutes les personnes contaminées, quel que soit leur lieu de résidence actuel. Cet amendement est une honte !"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p331",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "331",
    "332",
    "333"
   ],
   "order": 331,
   "text": "Il faut bien connaître le dossier pour se permettre de donner des leçons. Ce pesticide vise à lutter contre le charançon du bananier. Or, puisque l’on ne cultive pas de bananes à Lille ni à Strasbourg, lorsqu’il est interdit en France, cela signifie qu’il l’est aux Antilles – le seul endroit où il est utilisé Par ailleurs, le groupe Démocrate a noté que le rapporteur n’entendait pas stigmatiser un gouvernement plus qu’un autre : il ne s’agit pas de faire le procès de la majorité, ni du Président de la République. Une responsabilité doit être reconnue et elle n’incombe pas au seul État, comme cela a déjà été dit : nous en avons pris acte. Toutefois, notre groupe s’abstiendra sur cet amendement – comme sur l’ensemble de la proposition de loi – car il contribuerait, s’il était adopté, à dénaturer le message du rapporteur. Je souhaite, monsieur le rapporteur, que nous réfléchissions à une position commune avant l’examen du texte en séance.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 162,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p331",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N07fdd717e6de",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut bien connaître le dossier pour se permettre de donner des leçons. Ce pesticide vise à lutter contre le charançon du bananier. Or, puisque l’on ne cultive pas de bananes à Lille ni à Strasbourg, lorsqu’il est interdit en France, cela signifie qu’il l’est aux Antilles – le seul endroit où il est utilisé Par ailleurs, le groupe Démocrate a noté que le rapporteur n’entendait pas stigmatiser un gouvernement plus qu’un autre : il ne s’agit pas de faire le procès de la majorité, ni du Président de la République. Une responsabilité doit être reconnue et elle n’incombe pas au seul État, comme cela a déjà été dit : nous en avons pris acte. Toutefois, notre groupe s’abstiendra sur cet amendement – comme sur l’ensemble de la proposition de loi – car il contribuerait, s’il était adopté, à dénaturer le message du rapporteur. Je souhaite, monsieur le rapporteur, que nous réfléchissions à une position commune avant l’examen du texte en séance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "334",
    "335"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "Le 27 septembre 2018, le Président de la République a indiqué que ce scandale était le fruit d’un aveuglement collectif, obligeant l’État à prendre sa part de responsabilité quant à cette pollution et à avancer dans le chemin de la réparation. Les trois objectifs de la proposition de loi – la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État, la dépollution des terres et l’indemnisation – permettent de respecter cette parole. Or cet amendement vise à affaiblir, voire à nier ces trois piliers du texte, puisque la responsabilité est réduite à « l’ampleur d’un dommage », la dépollution devient « une suppression du risque d’exposition » et l’objectif d’indemnisation tend à entériner le dispositif existant, pourtant défaillant, mal connu et ne permettant pas une réparation intégrale. La parole du Président de la République nous engage collectivement Nous voterons contre cet amendement, qui ne respecte ni l’engagement pris par le chef de l’État, ni l’objectif du rapporteur Elie Califer, issu de notre groupe, ni l’ensemble des travaux menés avec pugnacité par nos collègues.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 170,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p334",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N12568bb05bc1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le 27 septembre 2018, le Président de la République a indiqué que ce scandale était le fruit d’un aveuglement collectif, obligeant l’État à prendre sa part de responsabilité quant à cette pollution et à avancer dans le chemin de la réparation. Les trois objectifs de la proposition de loi – la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État, la dépollution des terres et l’indemnisation – permettent de respecter cette parole. Or cet amendement vise à affaiblir, voire à nier ces trois piliers du texte, puisque la responsabilité est réduite à « l’ampleur d’un dommage », la dépollution devient « une suppression du risque d’exposition » et l’objectif d’indemnisation tend à entériner le dispositif existant, pourtant défaillant, mal connu et ne permettant pas une réparation intégrale. La parole du Président de la République nous engage collectivement Nous voterons contre cet amendement, qui ne respecte ni l’engagement pris par le chef de l’État, ni l’objectif du rapporteur [PERSONNE], issu de notre groupe, ni l’ensemble des travaux menés avec pugnacité par nos collègues."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p336",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "336"
   ],
   "order": 336,
   "text": "Ce texte revêt une portée symbolique très importante pour la Guadeloupe et la Martinique. Or il serait effectivement dénaturé par cet amendement. Les territoires concernés, déjà marqués par l’esclavage et par le colonialisme, le sont désormais par le chlordécone, d’où un manque de confiance et une mortalité plus importante : lors de la crise du covid, mon collègue Max Mathiasin me signalait que des personnes de son âge n’avaient plus accès aux services de réanimation et que son territoire manquait de cercueils. Il est important de procéder à une réparation",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 90,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p336",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nb986f3b146df",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQR",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Ce texte revêt une portée symbolique très importante pour la Guadeloupe et la Martinique. Or il serait effectivement dénaturé par cet amendement. Les territoires concernés, déjà marqués par l’esclavage et par le colonialisme, le sont désormais par le chlordécone, d’où un manque de confiance et une mortalité plus importante : lors de la crise du covid, mon collègue [PERSONNE] me signalait que des personnes de son âge n’avaient plus accès aux services de réanimation et que son territoire manquait de cercueils. Il est important de procéder à une réparation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p337",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "337"
   ],
   "order": 337,
   "text": "Vous avez, monsieur le rapporteur, repris mes propos selon lesquels, bien que la proposition de loi paraisse exclusivement déclarative, notre groupe en salue la démarche et soutient l’objectif du texte, tout en demeurant vigilant aux discussions en commission. Nous sommes au cœur du sujet : la responsabilité de l’État doit être reconnue, même si elle n’est pas exclusive. La question sous-jacente est celle de l’indemnisation : qui doit en décider et la financer ? Le Parlement n’est pas un tribunal et n’a pas à se substituer au travail des juges. L’amendement de Mme Parmentier-Lecocq, qui ne reconnaît pas suffisamment la responsabilité de l’État, ne saurait donc être adopté en l’état : en l’absence de sous-amendement ou de retrait, nous nous abstiendrons. Le texte doit servir aux populations et reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, tout en permettant au juge de procéder à la répartition financière de l’indemnisation",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 146,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p337",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nb6cbcaabdb5c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez, monsieur le rapporteur, repris mes propos selon lesquels, bien que la proposition de loi paraisse exclusivement déclarative, notre groupe en salue la démarche et soutient l’objectif du texte, tout en demeurant vigilant aux discussions en commission. Nous sommes au cœur du sujet : la responsabilité de l’État doit être reconnue, même si elle n’est pas exclusive. La question sous-jacente est celle de l’indemnisation : qui doit en décider et la financer ? Le Parlement n’est pas un tribunal et n’a pas à se substituer au travail des juges. L’amendement de Mme Parmentier-Lecocq, qui ne reconnaît pas suffisamment la responsabilité de l’État, ne saurait donc être adopté en l’état : en l’absence de sous-amendement ou de retrait, nous nous abstiendrons. Le texte doit servir aux populations et reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État, tout en permettant au juge de procéder à la répartition financière de l’indemnisation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719154",
   "speaker": "Didier Martin",
   "quality": "M. Didier Martin (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p338",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "338",
    "339"
   ],
   "order": 338,
   "text": "Cet amendement correspond à ce que l’on attend de la République, en matière de responsabilité. Avons-nous besoin d’un symbole, en reconnaissant unilatéralement et uniquement la responsabilité de la République ? Peut-être, mais, vous le savez, la responsabilité est partagée. Les îles françaises des Caraïbes sont inscrites en lettres d’or et de sang dans l’histoire de la France et de la République, marquées par l’esclavage et par les pollutions diverses, par un tempérament local parfois volcanique, avec des caractéristiques sociales et climatiques propres Or, la proposition de loi cible uniquement la responsabilité de la République. Le Président de la République – c’est l’essentiel – a clairement exprimé ce que vous revendiquez : il n’y a dès lors nul besoin d’un texte érigé en étendard. Si je sais que le rôle de l’opposition consiste à contester la personne d’Emmanuel Macron, je vous invite à considérer la fonction du Président de la République. Ne rajoutons pas de la douleur à la douleur, du feu sur le feu, et adoptons cet amendement, qui répond aux attentes et aux besoins de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS25 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 182,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p338",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Ne593da494d6b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement correspond à ce que l’on attend de la République, en matière de responsabilité. Avons-nous besoin d’un symbole, en reconnaissant unilatéralement et uniquement la responsabilité de la République ? Peut-être, mais, vous le savez, la responsabilité est partagée. Les îles françaises des Caraïbes sont inscrites en lettres d’or et de sang dans l’histoire de la France et de la République, marquées par l’esclavage et par les pollutions diverses, par un tempérament local parfois volcanique, avec des caractéristiques sociales et climatiques propres Or, la proposition de loi cible uniquement la responsabilité de la République. Le Président de la République – c’est l’essentiel – a clairement exprimé ce que vous revendiquez : il n’y a dès lors nul besoin d’un texte érigé en étendard. Si je sais que le rôle de l’opposition consiste à contester la personne d’[PERSONNE], je vous invite à considérer la fonction du Président de la République. Ne rajoutons pas de la douleur à la douleur, du feu sur le feu, et adoptons cet amendement, qui répond aux attentes et aux besoins de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p343",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "343",
    "344",
    "345",
    "346"
   ],
   "order": 343,
   "text": "Nos territoires ne sont pas plus volcaniques que d’autres, mais connaissent des problématiques qu’aucun territoire métropolitain ne saurait supporter. Je n’ai pas encore pris connaissance de l’amendement AS28 et je regrette que nos conditions de travail soient si peu respectueuses de nos territoires et de nos responsabilités en tant qu’élus. Je le redis, à deux reprises, suite aux lois de 1943 et 1972, l’État a pris seul la décision d’accorder une autorisation de commercialisation du chlordécone. Il faut donc reconnaître sa responsabilité. Compte tenu de la problématique et des souffrances vécues, la rédaction du texte mériterait d’être revue de façon calme et sereine La formulation de l’amendement est ambiguë eu égard à la responsabilité de l’État et ne permet pas de délivrer un message suffisamment clair. En tant que rapporteur, je suis à votre entière disposition, madame la présidente, pour retravailler le texte avant la séance : prenons le temps de la réflexion, plutôt que d’agir dans la précipitation, sur un coin de table. De plus, la formulation d’un objectif « à terme » ne veut rien dire. Notre objectif est de sertir un dispositif sans équivoque dans le marbre de la loi. L’amendement AS28 indique que « la République française reconnaît sa part de responsabilité dans l’ampleur des dommages causés », mais qu’en est-il des autorisations ? Elles relèvent de la responsabilité de l’État, qui les a signées, voire de la République elle-même. Mon avis est donc défavorable. L’amendement pourrait être retiré afin d’être retravaillé.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS28 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 246,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p343",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N688b21efd373",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nos territoires ne sont pas plus volcaniques que d’autres, mais connaissent des problématiques qu’aucun territoire métropolitain ne saurait supporter. Je n’ai pas encore pris connaissance de l’amendement AS28 et je regrette que nos conditions de travail soient si peu respectueuses de nos territoires et de nos responsabilités en tant qu’élus. Je le redis, à deux reprises, suite aux lois de 1943 et 1972, l’État a pris seul la décision d’accorder une autorisation de commercialisation du chlordécone. Il faut donc reconnaître sa responsabilité. Compte tenu de la problématique et des souffrances vécues, la rédaction du texte mériterait d’être revue de façon calme et sereine La formulation de l’amendement est ambiguë eu égard à la responsabilité de l’État et ne permet pas de délivrer un message suffisamment clair. En tant que rapporteur, je suis à votre entière disposition, madame la présidente, pour retravailler le texte avant la séance : prenons le temps de la réflexion, plutôt que d’agir dans la précipitation, sur un coin de table. De plus, la formulation d’un objectif « à terme » ne veut rien dire. Notre objectif est de sertir un dispositif sans équivoque dans le marbre de la loi. L’amendement AS28 indique que « la République française reconnaît sa part de responsabilité dans l’ampleur des dommages causés », mais qu’en est-il des autorisations ? Elles relèvent de la responsabilité de l’État, qui les a signées, voire de la République elle-même. Mon avis est donc défavorable. L’amendement pourrait être retiré afin d’être retravaillé."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793394",
   "speaker": "Arthur Delaporte",
   "quality": "M. Arthur Delaporte (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO830170",
   "group": "SOC-A",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p347",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "347",
    "348",
    "349"
   ],
   "order": 347,
   "text": "Il y a un problème de méthode. Comment peut-on limiter ainsi les débats et réécrire l’article d’une proposition de loi le temps d’une suspension, alors que se posent plusieurs problèmes de fond ? Je nous invite, collectivement, à respecter l’usage habituel qui est le nôtre. De plus, cette façon de procéder n’est pas respectueuse du travail de notre collègue Califer. L’amendement AS28 devrait être retiré, pour être retravaillé en vue de la séance Selon moi, une « part de responsabilité » n’est pas une notion de droit – elle n’est reconnue ni par la Cour de cassation, ni en matière de responsabilité civile, pénale ou de l’État. De plus, l’amendement mentionne une « responsabilité dans l’ampleur des dommages sanitaires » et non de l’État. Au-delà de la méthode, le fond ne convient pas non plus. Je le redis, l’article 1er du texte comporte trois piliers : sur la question de la responsabilité, vous tentez de revenir par la petite porte ; la notion de dépollution ne figure pas dans l’amendement, ni un nouvel objectif en matière d’indemnisation. Je vous en conjure, retirez cet amendement, afin que nous puissions avoir des débats de qualité et sereins en séance publique.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS28 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 198,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p347",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nc805b3e004c7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il y a un problème de méthode. Comment peut-on limiter ainsi les débats et réécrire l’article d’une proposition de loi le temps d’une suspension, alors que se posent plusieurs problèmes de fond ? Je nous invite, collectivement, à respecter l’usage habituel qui est le nôtre. De plus, cette façon de procéder n’est pas respectueuse du travail de notre collègue Califer. L’amendement AS28 devrait être retiré, pour être retravaillé en vue de la séance Selon moi, une « part de responsabilité » n’est pas une notion de droit – elle n’est reconnue ni par la Cour de cassation, ni en matière de responsabilité civile, pénale ou de l’État. De plus, l’amendement mentionne une « responsabilité dans l’ampleur des dommages sanitaires » et non de l’État. Au-delà de la méthode, le fond ne convient pas non plus. Je le redis, l’article 1er du texte comporte trois piliers : sur la question de la responsabilité, vous tentez de revenir par la petite porte ; la notion de dépollution ne figure pas dans l’amendement, ni un nouvel objectif en matière d’indemnisation. Je vous en conjure, retirez cet amendement, afin que nous puissions avoir des débats de qualité et sereins en séance publique."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p350",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "350",
    "351",
    "352",
    "353"
   ],
   "order": 350,
   "text": "Trois raisons nous conduisent à nous opposer à cet amendement. Tout d’abord, si la responsabilité de l’État ne saurait être exclusive, elle ne peut pas non plus disparaître du texte Je rappellerai que le premier plan sur le chlordécone date de 2008. Mis en place par le Premier ministre François Fillon, il comprenait quarante mesures et reposait sur une mission interministérielle regroupant sept ministères et quinze organisations. Les premiers plans Chlordécone ont ainsi été construits en 2011-2013, 2014-2020 et 2021-2027. Par ailleurs, nous souhaitons une meilleure indemnisation de la prise en charge sanitaire des victimes, sur le modèle du Fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de l’amiante, qui a fait ses preuves. Enfin, des objectifs de dépollution doivent être fixés, sans être intenables – la dépollution zéro n’existe pas. Il faut veiller à ne pas nuire aux futures cultures agricoles.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS28 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 138,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p350",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nd31d18d2a8a2",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Trois raisons nous conduisent à nous opposer à cet amendement. Tout d’abord, si la responsabilité de l’État ne saurait être exclusive, elle ne peut pas non plus disparaître du texte Je rappellerai que le premier plan sur le chlordécone date de 2008. Mis en place par le Premier ministre [PERSONNE], il comprenait quarante mesures et reposait sur une mission interministérielle regroupant sept ministères et quinze organisations. Les premiers plans Chlordécone ont ainsi été construits en 2011-2013, 2014-2020 et 2021-2027. Par ailleurs, nous souhaitons une meilleure indemnisation de la prise en charge sanitaire des victimes, sur le modèle du Fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de l’amiante, qui a fait ses preuves. Enfin, des objectifs de dépollution doivent être fixés, sans être intenables – la dépollution zéro n’existe pas. Il faut veiller à ne pas nuire aux futures cultures agricoles."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p356",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "356"
   ],
   "order": 356,
   "text": "Je ne peux que me satisfaire de ce retrait. Je le redis, l’État est responsable, même s’il n’est pas le seul. L’amendement AS28 m’interpellait à plusieurs titres, notamment en raison de la formulation inappropriée visant à « encourager les élus locaux à atteindre les objectifs ». De même, il aurait mieux valu indiquer que l’État poursuit sa politique plutôt que « son objectif d’indemnisation ». Ce qui compte est de pouvoir en rediscuter sereinement avant la séance",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS28 de Mme Charlotte Parmentier-Lecocq",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 77,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p356",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Naf66f38c06c9",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne peux que me satisfaire de ce retrait. Je le redis, l’État est responsable, même s’il n’est pas le seul. L’amendement AS28 m’interpellait à plusieurs titres, notamment en raison de la formulation inappropriée visant à « encourager les élus locaux à atteindre les objectifs ». De même, il aurait mieux valu indiquer que l’État poursuit sa politique plutôt que « son objectif d’indemnisation ». Ce qui compte est de pouvoir en rediscuter sereinement avant la séance"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p358",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "358"
   ],
   "order": 358,
   "text": "Au-delà de ses effets sanitaires ou économiques, l’utilisation du chlordécone a également une dimension sociale et a privé des familles entières de la possibilité de jouir de leurs terres en toute quiétude. Elles se sont retrouvées entièrement démunies du jour au lendemain, alors qu’elles vivaient de leur activité. Des traditions et des savoir-faire qui se transmettaient depuis plusieurs générations ont été perdus. De nombreuses personnes ont été jetées dans la pauvreté, quand d’autres sont décédées prématurément. Des liens ont été brisés. Selon les plus optimistes, l’économie locale et la culture en subiront les conséquences pendant des décennies – voire des siècles, selon les plus pessimistes",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS18 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 105,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p358",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N0ca6ef121420",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Au-delà de ses effets sanitaires ou économiques, l’utilisation du chlordécone a également une dimension sociale et a privé des familles entières de la possibilité de jouir de leurs terres en toute quiétude. Elles se sont retrouvées entièrement démunies du jour au lendemain, alors qu’elles vivaient de leur activité. Des traditions et des savoir-faire qui se transmettaient depuis plusieurs générations ont été perdus. De nombreuses personnes ont été jetées dans la pauvreté, quand d’autres sont décédées prématurément. Des liens ont été brisés. Selon les plus optimistes, l’économie locale et la culture en subiront les conséquences pendant des décennies – voire des siècles, selon les plus pessimistes"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p359",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "359",
    "360"
   ],
   "order": 359,
   "text": "Chers collègues, en sus des conséquences écologiques, économiques et sanitaires liées au chlordécone, vous souhaitez que soit reconnu un préjudice social. Je le comprends, car le scandale du chlordécone affecte grandement la société dans son ensemble. Toutefois, la notion de préjudice social me semble floue : sur quels critères serait-il possible d’indemniser le préjudice ? Sur le fond, le fait de considérer les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique eux-mêmes parmi les victimes répond à la dimension collective et sociale du scandale. Il me semble donc que la proposition de loi satisfait votre préoccupation, sur le fond Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS18 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 103,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p359",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N0084ac41a6d6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Chers collègues, en sus des conséquences écologiques, économiques et sanitaires liées au chlordécone, vous souhaitez que soit reconnu un préjudice social. Je le comprends, car le scandale du chlordécone affecte grandement la société dans son ensemble. Toutefois, la notion de préjudice social me semble floue : sur quels critères serait-il possible d’indemniser le préjudice ? Sur le fond, le fait de considérer les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique eux-mêmes parmi les victimes répond à la dimension collective et sociale du scandale. Il me semble donc que la proposition de loi satisfait votre préoccupation, sur le fond Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (Ecolo - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p363",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "363"
   ],
   "order": 363,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à élargir l’étude et la recherche scientifique sur les risques environnementaux et sur la santé par la chlordécone, mais aussi par ses produits de transformation. Des recherches ont montré que si le glyphosate est toxique, ses sous-molécules le sont peut-être encore davantage. L’objectif est donc d’étendre les recherches aux sous-molécules, afin de mesurer véritablement le risque social et de permettre des opérations de dépollution à la hauteur de l’enjeu",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau et sous-amendement AS26 de M. Elie Califer",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p363",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6fb69be6ef6b",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à élargir l’étude et la recherche scientifique sur les risques environnementaux et sur la santé par la chlordécone, mais aussi par ses produits de transformation. Des recherches ont montré que si le glyphosate est toxique, ses sous-molécules le sont peut-être encore davantage. L’objectif est donc d’étendre les recherches aux sous-molécules, afin de mesurer véritablement le risque social et de permettre des opérations de dépollution à la hauteur de l’enjeu"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p364",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "364",
    "365"
   ],
   "order": 364,
   "text": "Les scientifiques sont unanimes : les sous-produits de la chlordécone sont nocifs et dangereux. L’amendement est donc judicieux : nous devons nous préoccuper du devenir de la molécule de chlordécone, notamment lorsqu’elle est dégradée dans le sol. Il arrive parfois que les produits de transformation soient encore plus dangereux que la molécule initiale, ce qui suppose une vigilance particulière sur le long terme Mon sous-amendement est de cohérence rédactionnelle. Sous réserve de son adoption, j’émets un avis favorable à l’amendement.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau et sous-amendement AS26 de M. Elie Califer",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p364",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N482ddc90a862",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Les scientifiques sont unanimes : les sous-produits de la chlordécone sont nocifs et dangereux. L’amendement est donc judicieux : nous devons nous préoccuper du devenir de la molécule de chlordécone, notamment lorsqu’elle est dégradée dans le sol. Il arrive parfois que les produits de transformation soient encore plus dangereux que la molécule initiale, ce qui suppose une vigilance particulière sur le long terme Mon sous-amendement est de cohérence rédactionnelle. Sous réserve de son adoption, j’émets un avis favorable à l’amendement."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA718926",
   "speaker": "Pierre Dharréville",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Dharréville (GDR - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p366",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "366",
    "367"
   ],
   "order": 366,
   "text": "Nous soutenons cet amendement Je reviens sur certains des propos – choquants – qui ont été tenus : puisque le Président de la République s’est exprimé, les parlementaires n’auraient plus d’intérêt à agir. Il existe une séparation des pouvoirs ; l’Assemblée nationale dispose de sa propre légitimité et son rôle est différent. Il ne suffit pas que le Président de la République parle pour que toutes les questions soient réglées.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau et sous-amendement AS26 de M. Elie Califer",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 70,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p366",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N38ba6731ccd1",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous soutenons cet amendement Je reviens sur certains des propos – choquants – qui ont été tenus : puisque le Président de la République s’est exprimé, les parlementaires n’auraient plus d’intérêt à agir. Il existe une séparation des pouvoirs ; l’Assemblée nationale dispose de sa propre légitimité et son rôle est différent. Il ne suffit pas que le Président de la République parle pour que toutes les questions soient réglées."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p368",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "368",
    "369",
    "370",
    "371"
   ],
   "order": 368,
   "text": "Le scandale sanitaire que représente le chlordécone est inadmissible. Je rappelle que, dès 1963, les chercheurs ont démontré sa toxicité : il ne sera, hélas, interdit que trente ans plus tard. Il faut tirer toutes les conclusions de ce drame sanitaire et organiser, dans la durée, notre système de recherche et de veille sanitaire, de façon à détecter et à répondre à ce type de pollution Nous soutenons bien évidemment cet amendement. Il est absolument nécessaire de rechercher la chlordécone dans les sols, mais aussi une partie de ses dérivés : en écotoxicologie, nous savons qu’un polluant peut se dégrader en d’autres polluants tout aussi cancérigènes. La dégradation de la chlordécone se traduit par la formation de produits de transformation, dont certains présentent une structure relativement similaire. Dès lors, il est primordial d’étudier la toxicité de ces produits, ainsi que leurs propriétés, afin d’évaluer leur rémanence et leur capacité de transfert vers l’eau et les plantes. L’élargissement de la surveillance aux produits de transformation est donc nécessaire. Je rappelle par ailleurs qu’il est également urgent d’élargir les surfaces analysées. Selon un récent rapport de l’Opecst, les surfaces analysées ne représentent actuellement, en Guadeloupe, que 17 % de la surface agricole utile des exploitations agricoles et 3,4 % seulement du territoire total. En Martinique, les surfaces ne représentent que 23 % des zones agricoles et 9 % du territoire total. Il faut donc développer des méthodes de décontamination et de dégradation – l’amendement n’évoque pas cette question. Le manque de recherche et développement sur la chlordécone démontre aussi l’échec d’une recherche fonctionnant exclusivement en mode projet et son sous-investissement chronique, notamment dans le service public de recherche agronomique en outre-mer, à Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement et au Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement. Notre débat démontre également l’hérésie que constitue l’abandon du plan Écophyto.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau et sous-amendement AS26 de M. Elie Califer",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 312,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p368",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N1935a0b93f41",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Le scandale sanitaire que représente le chlordécone est inadmissible. Je rappelle que, dès 1963, les chercheurs ont démontré sa toxicité : il ne sera, hélas, interdit que trente ans plus tard. Il faut tirer toutes les conclusions de ce drame sanitaire et organiser, dans la durée, notre système de recherche et de veille sanitaire, de façon à détecter et à répondre à ce type de pollution Nous soutenons bien évidemment cet amendement. Il est absolument nécessaire de rechercher la chlordécone dans les sols, mais aussi une partie de ses dérivés : en écotoxicologie, nous savons qu’un polluant peut se dégrader en d’autres polluants tout aussi cancérigènes. La dégradation de la chlordécone se traduit par la formation de produits de transformation, dont certains présentent une structure relativement similaire. Dès lors, il est primordial d’étudier la toxicité de ces produits, ainsi que leurs propriétés, afin d’évaluer leur rémanence et leur capacité de transfert vers l’eau et les plantes. L’élargissement de la surveillance aux produits de transformation est donc nécessaire. Je rappelle par ailleurs qu’il est également urgent d’élargir les surfaces analysées. Selon un récent rapport de l’Opecst, les surfaces analysées ne représentent actuellement, en Guadeloupe, que 17 % de la surface agricole utile des exploitations agricoles et 3,4 % seulement du territoire total. En Martinique, les surfaces ne représentent que 23 % des zones agricoles et 9 % du territoire total. Il faut donc développer des méthodes de décontamination et de dégradation – l’amendement n’évoque pas cette question. Le manque de recherche et développement sur la chlordécone démontre aussi l’échec d’une recherche fonctionnant exclusivement en mode projet et son sous-investissement chronique, notamment dans le service public de recherche agronomique en outre-mer, à Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement et au Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement. Notre débat démontre également l’hérésie que constitue l’abandon du plan Écophyto."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719154",
   "speaker": "Didier Martin",
   "quality": "M. Didier Martin (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p372",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "372",
    "373",
    "374"
   ],
   "order": 372,
   "text": "Cet amendement est une fausse bonne idée et je vous invite à le rejeter. Je reviens sur la comparaison avec le glyphosate : nous savons qu’il se dégrade dans la nature, avec différents composés. Or ceux-ci n’émanent pas tous de la dégradation du glyphosate – les lessives produisent exactement les mêmes types de molécules en se dégradant dans le milieu naturel. Le fait de rechercher ces produits de dégradation ne permet pas d’incriminer uniquement la pollution par le glyphosate. L’extension proposée par cet amendement me semble donc inutile Par ailleurs, monsieur Dharréville, je crois à la valeur de la déclaration officielle et solennelle d’un président de la République. Lorsque le président Chirac a reconnu la responsabilité de l’État français dans la déportation des juifs, cela avait valeur de reconnaissance officielle. Je considère donc que la déclaration de l’actuel Président de la République concernant la pollution inadmissible par le chlordécone dans les îles des Caraïbes – en Martinique et en Guadeloupe en particulier – vaut reconnaissance. J’en reviens à cet amendement, qui vise à augmenter le champ des explorations, sans préciser l’imputabilité de la pollution inadmissible par le chlordécone, au risque de diluer l’établissement de la responsabilité des pollueurs : il n’y a aucun intérêt à l’adopter.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau et sous-amendement AS26 de M. Elie Califer",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 206,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p372",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N37937d68ba43",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement est une fausse bonne idée et je vous invite à le rejeter. Je reviens sur la comparaison avec le glyphosate : nous savons qu’il se dégrade dans la nature, avec différents composés. Or ceux-ci n’émanent pas tous de la dégradation du glyphosate – les lessives produisent exactement les mêmes types de molécules en se dégradant dans le milieu naturel. Le fait de rechercher ces produits de dégradation ne permet pas d’incriminer uniquement la pollution par le glyphosate. L’extension proposée par cet amendement me semble donc inutile Par ailleurs, monsieur Dharréville, je crois à la valeur de la déclaration officielle et solennelle d’un président de la République. Lorsque le président Chirac a reconnu la responsabilité de l’État français dans la déportation des juifs, cela avait valeur de reconnaissance officielle. Je considère donc que la déclaration de l’actuel Président de la République concernant la pollution inadmissible par le chlordécone dans les îles des Caraïbes – en Martinique et en Guadeloupe en particulier – vaut reconnaissance. J’en reviens à cet amendement, qui vise à augmenter le champ des explorations, sans préciser l’imputabilité de la pollution inadmissible par le chlordécone, au risque de diluer l’établissement de la responsabilité des pollueurs : il n’y a aucun intérêt à l’adopter."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (Ecolo - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p375",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "375"
   ],
   "order": 375,
   "text": "Je suis en désaccord avec vos propos. L’objectif est de protéger la santé des personnes et l’environnement. Si certains produits sont toxiques – qu’ils proviennent de la chlordécone ou pas –, nous devons le savoir. Quels sont les produits de dégradation de la chlordécone et leurs effets sur la santé ? Il n’existe pas de recherches suffisamment importantes et systématiques nous permettant de l’identifier clairement. Je précise que cet amendement ne vise que les recherches : il n’y aurait aucun sens à le rejeter",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau et sous-amendement AS26 de M. Elie Califer",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 84,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p375",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N3199383262e0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je suis en désaccord avec vos propos. L’objectif est de protéger la santé des personnes et l’environnement. Si certains produits sont toxiques – qu’ils proviennent de la chlordécone ou pas –, nous devons le savoir. Quels sont les produits de dégradation de la chlordécone et leurs effets sur la santé ? Il n’existe pas de recherches suffisamment importantes et systématiques nous permettant de l’identifier clairement. Je précise que cet amendement ne vise que les recherches : il n’y aurait aucun sens à le rejeter"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p379",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "379",
    "380",
    "381",
    "382"
   ],
   "order": 379,
   "text": "Si je comprends l’esprit de cet amendement, sa formulation ne me semble être ni très précise, ni opérationnelle. S’il faut effectivement associer au maximum les acteurs locaux, cela vaut pour tout le périmètre couvert par la proposition de loi et pas uniquement pour l’alinéa 2 Les associations et les élus sont en réalité déjà mis à contribution. J’ai ainsi récemment participé au bilan du plan Chlordécone IV : j’ai indiqué au préfet que je me chargerais d’informer les maires, pour une meilleure coopération. Sur nos territoires, dans divers domaines – par exemple, l’achat de scanners, en matière de santé –, nous sommes contraints de nous associer. Il n’est donc pas utile de le préciser. Par ailleurs, la proposition de loi vise à instaurer un principe de responsabilité et des objectifs mais ne se veut pas exhaustive : elle n’a pas vocation à définir toutes les modalités en matière de dépollution, de recherche ou d’indemnisation. Ces problématiques complexes feront l’objet de précisions dans d’autres textes, comme la proposition de loi déposée par M. Nadeau. La lisibilité de notre message ne doit pas être brouillée. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS22 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 185,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p379",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N2f1c3f3d1ed1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Si je comprends l’esprit de cet amendement, sa formulation ne me semble être ni très précise, ni opérationnelle. S’il faut effectivement associer au maximum les acteurs locaux, cela vaut pour tout le périmètre couvert par la proposition de loi et pas uniquement pour l’alinéa 2 Les associations et les élus sont en réalité déjà mis à contribution. J’ai ainsi récemment participé au bilan du plan Chlordécone IV : j’ai indiqué au préfet que je me chargerais d’informer les maires, pour une meilleure coopération. Sur nos territoires, dans divers domaines – par exemple, l’achat de scanners, en matière de santé –, nous sommes contraints de nous associer. Il n’est donc pas utile de le préciser. Par ailleurs, la proposition de loi vise à instaurer un principe de responsabilité et des objectifs mais ne se veut pas exhaustive : elle n’a pas vocation à définir toutes les modalités en matière de dépollution, de recherche ou d’indemnisation. Ces problématiques complexes feront l’objet de précisions dans d’autres textes, comme la proposition de loi déposée par M. Nadeau. La lisibilité de notre message ne doit pas être brouillée. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (Ecolo - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p385",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "385"
   ],
   "order": 385,
   "text": "Cet amendement vise à évaluer l’effet cocktail, le plus nocif sur la santé : Lorsqu’un produit est mêlé à d’autres, sa toxicité peut être multipliée par dix, vingt, cent ou mille. En Guadeloupe et en Martinique, plusieurs sortes de produits susceptibles d’interagir avec le chlordécone ont été utilisés",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 48,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p385",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N844badfce581",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement vise à évaluer l’effet cocktail, le plus nocif sur la santé : Lorsqu’un produit est mêlé à d’autres, sa toxicité peut être multipliée par dix, vingt, cent ou mille. En Guadeloupe et en Martinique, plusieurs sortes de produits susceptibles d’interagir avec le chlordécone ont été utilisés"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p386",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "386",
    "387",
    "388"
   ],
   "order": 386,
   "text": "Vous avez raison de vouloir élargir le débat aux autres pesticides utilisés dans les Antilles, en prenant en considération l’exposome, soit la totalité des expositions que subissent les Antillais. Les maladies ont souvent des causes plurielles et la chlordécone est susceptible d’affecter le génome. Toutefois, la proposition de loi vise à poser de grands principes et objectifs : ouvrir le champ aux autres pesticides serait de nature à brouiller le message S’il existe effectivement d’autres pesticides, la problématique de la chlordécone est spécifique et particulièrement grave : je préfère que l’on se focalise sur cette molécule, en raison de sa toxicité, de sa rémanence, de son omniprésence dans l’environnement et dans le sang des Antillais. Dans cette situation, l’État est responsable puisqu’il a donné une autorisation en connaissance de cause et au mépris des règles en vigueur. Restons centrés sur la chlordécone. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 144,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p386",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N1a1634058bbe",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEMV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous avez raison de vouloir élargir le débat aux autres pesticides utilisés dans les Antilles, en prenant en considération l’exposome, soit la totalité des expositions que subissent les Antillais. Les maladies ont souvent des causes plurielles et la chlordécone est susceptible d’affecter le génome. Toutefois, la proposition de loi vise à poser de grands principes et objectifs : ouvrir le champ aux autres pesticides serait de nature à brouiller le message S’il existe effectivement d’autres pesticides, la problématique de la chlordécone est spécifique et particulièrement grave : je préfère que l’on se focalise sur cette molécule, en raison de sa toxicité, de sa rémanence, de son omniprésence dans l’environnement et dans le sang des Antillais. Dans cette situation, l’État est responsable puisqu’il a donné une autorisation en connaissance de cause et au mépris des règles en vigueur. Restons centrés sur la chlordécone. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA722142",
   "speaker": "François Ruffin",
   "quality": "M. François Ruffin (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p389",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "389",
    "390",
    "391",
    "392"
   ],
   "order": 389,
   "text": "Malgré les explications du rapporteur, nous voterons pour cet amendement, notamment parce que nous sommes favorables à l’idée de mesurer les éventuels effets cocktails du chlordécone mélangé à d’autres substances Au-delà de cela, je voudrais interpeller nos collègues de la majorité et Mme la présidente Parmentier-Lecocq sur les échanges prévus en vue la séance. Il ne faut pas chipoter sur la responsabilité et être mesquin dans un tel débat en introduisant des pourcentages. Prenons l’exemple de la loi du 23 février 2022 portant reconnaissance de la nation envers les harkis et les autres personnes rapatriées d’Algérie, dont l’adoption m’a rendu fier. La nation exprime sa reconnaissance envers ceux « qui ont servi la France en Algérie et qu’elle a abandonnés ». Puis, elle « reconnaît sa responsabilité du fait de l’indignité des conditions d’accueil et de vie sur son territoire [...] ». Nous n’avons pas chipoté sur la part de responsabilité de l’État puisque nous avons admis une pleine responsabilité. On nous dit que le président Macron l’a reconnue comme le président Chirac avant lui. Remarquons déjà qu’ils n’ont pas agi de la même manière : le président Chirac a fait une cérémonie officielle, tandis que le président Macron a fait une déclaration aux Antilles, ce qui n’équivaut pas à une pleine reconnaissance. Je pense que nous avons notre rôle à jouer et que nous ne devons pas bidouiller. Sans chercher à polémiquer, je constate que certains affirment que les territoires d’outre-mer veulent ceci ou cela, mais qu’il n’y a pas un seul élu de Guadeloupe ou de Martinique qui soit de la majorité. Les élus, qui écoutent les populations en direct, entendent peut-être la nécessité d’une pleine reconnaissance. Pour sortir de la sous-citoyenneté que je décrivais, il ne faut pas y aller en chipotant.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 295,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p389",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6256233d0a50",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Malgré les explications du rapporteur, nous voterons pour cet amendement, notamment parce que nous sommes favorables à l’idée de mesurer les éventuels effets cocktails du chlordécone mélangé à d’autres substances Au-delà de cela, je voudrais interpeller nos collègues de la majorité et Mme la présidente Parmentier-Lecocq sur les échanges prévus en vue la séance. Il ne faut pas chipoter sur la responsabilité et être mesquin dans un tel débat en introduisant des pourcentages. Prenons l’exemple de la loi du 23 février 2022 portant reconnaissance de la nation envers les harkis et les autres personnes rapatriées d’Algérie, dont l’adoption m’a rendu fier. La nation exprime sa reconnaissance envers ceux « qui ont servi la France en Algérie et qu’elle a abandonnés ». Puis, elle « reconnaît sa responsabilité du fait de l’indignité des conditions d’accueil et de vie sur son territoire [...] ». Nous n’avons pas chipoté sur la part de responsabilité de l’État puisque nous avons admis une pleine responsabilité. On nous dit que le président Macron l’a reconnue comme le président Chirac avant lui. Remarquons déjà qu’ils n’ont pas agi de la même manière : le président Chirac a fait une cérémonie officielle, tandis que le président Macron a fait une déclaration aux Antilles, ce qui n’équivaut pas à une pleine reconnaissance. Je pense que nous avons notre rôle à jouer et que nous ne devons pas bidouiller. Sans chercher à polémiquer, je constate que certains affirment que les territoires d’outre-mer veulent ceci ou cela, mais qu’il n’y a pas un seul élu de Guadeloupe ou de Martinique qui soit de la majorité. Les élus, qui écoutent les populations en direct, entendent peut-être la nécessité d’une pleine reconnaissance. Pour sortir de la sous-citoyenneté que je décrivais, il ne faut pas y aller en chipotant."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (Ecolo - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p395",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "395",
    "396",
    "397",
    "398"
   ],
   "order": 395,
   "text": "Rappelons que la chlordécone est considéré comme le déclencheur de l’effet cocktail – nous ne nous éloignons donc pas de la problématique. Néanmoins, pour ne pas apporter de la confusion et tenir compte de l’avis négatif de la rapporteure, je peux retirer cet amendement. Quoi qu’il en soit, je remercie les collègues qui l’ont approuvé M. Éric Alauzet (RE). Il est tout à fait légitime que nous discutions, en commission et dans l’hémicycle, des sous-produits et de la complexité des effets cocktail. De là à ce que nous expliquions aux scientifiques que tel ou tel produit doit être analysé ou pas, en écrivant tout cela dans la loi... Ils connaissent mieux le sujet que nous et ils ne nous ont pas attendus pour essayer de déterminer quels sous-produits analyser et quel effet cocktail traiter. Cela ne relève pas de la loi : les scientifiques et les organismes patentés tels que l’Anses sont bien mieux placés que nous pour le faire. La question est légitime ; l’inscrire dans la loi est totalement déplacé. Quant aux propos de M. Ruffin, ils démontrent, une fois encore, que lui-même et quelques-uns de ses amis n’aiment pas la nuance et refusent la complexité. Eh oui, c’est un peu plus compliqué que ce que vous essayez de faire croire : il y aurait un responsable absolu de cette pollution et de ses effets sanitaires. Nous avons hélas l’occasion de constater régulièrement que vous avez décidément du mal avec la complexité et la nuance. L’amendement AS13 est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 251,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p395",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N24f10c5d6c34",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Rappelons que la chlordécone est considéré comme le déclencheur de l’effet cocktail – nous ne nous éloignons donc pas de la problématique. Néanmoins, pour ne pas apporter de la confusion et tenir compte de l’avis négatif de la rapporteure, je peux retirer cet amendement. Quoi qu’il en soit, je remercie les collègues qui l’ont approuvé M. [PERSONNE] (RE). Il est tout à fait légitime que nous discutions, en commission et dans l’hémicycle, des sous-produits et de la complexité des effets cocktail. De là à ce que nous expliquions aux scientifiques que tel ou tel produit doit être analysé ou pas, en écrivant tout cela dans la loi... Ils connaissent mieux le sujet que nous et ils ne nous ont pas attendus pour essayer de déterminer quels sous-produits analyser et quel effet cocktail traiter. Cela ne relève pas de la loi : les scientifiques et les organismes patentés tels que l’Anses sont bien mieux placés que nous pour le faire. La question est légitime ; l’inscrire dans la loi est totalement déplacé. Quant aux propos de M. Ruffin, ils démontrent, une fois encore, que lui-même et quelques-uns de ses amis n’aiment pas la nuance et refusent la complexité. Eh oui, c’est un peu plus compliqué que ce que vous essayez de faire croire : il y aurait un responsable absolu de cette pollution et de ses effets sanitaires. Nous avons hélas l’occasion de constater régulièrement que vous avez décidément du mal avec la complexité et la nuance. L’amendement AS13 est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793174",
   "speaker": "Yannick Monnet",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Monnet (GDR - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800502",
   "group": "GDR-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p400",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "400",
    "401",
    "402"
   ],
   "order": 400,
   "text": "Je vous propose de défendre les trois amendements de ma collègue polynésienne Reid Arbelot, les deux derniers étant de repli. Il s’agit d’étendre l’objectif d’indemnisation aux victimes indirectes et aux ayants droit des victimes directes De nombreux systèmes d’indemnisation visant à réparer des dommages sanitaires prévoient l’indemnisation des victimes indirectes et des ayants droit, tels que les régimes concernant les victimes de l’amiante ou des erreurs médicales. Le droit civil français reconnaît en effet les divers préjudices que peuvent subir les victimes indirectes : frais d’obsèques en cas de décès de la victime ; perte de revenus ; préjudice moral d’accompagnement ou d’affection ; autres préjudices extrapatrimoniaux. Or les systèmes d’indemnisation des victimes des essais nucléaires – par la loi dite « Morin » – et du chlordécone – au travers du FIVP – ne prévoient rien au sujet des victimes indirectes. Me Labrunie, avocate au barreau de Paris spécialisée dans la défense de victimes de dommages corporels, qui a défendu de nombreuses victimes de l’amiante et des essais nucléaires, estime que c’est une anomalie à laquelle le Gouvernement français pourrait remédier sans grande difficulté. Les milliers de manifestants réunis à Fort-de-France le 10 décembre 2022, à la suite du non-lieu prononcé le 2 janvier, demandaient justice à la fois pour les victimes directes et pour les victimes indirectes de l’exposition au chlordécone. La proposition de loi déposée le 20 juillet 2023 par les députés Elie Califer et Marcellin Nadeau tenait d’ailleurs compte des victimes indirectes et des ayants droit. Ce texte avait obtenu le soutien de nombreux autres députés ultramarins.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 261,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p400",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N430ea9b70858",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous propose de défendre les trois amendements de ma collègue polynésienne Reid Arbelot, les deux derniers étant de repli. Il s’agit d’étendre l’objectif d’indemnisation aux victimes indirectes et aux ayants droit des victimes directes De nombreux systèmes d’indemnisation visant à réparer des dommages sanitaires prévoient l’indemnisation des victimes indirectes et des ayants droit, tels que les régimes concernant les victimes de l’amiante ou des erreurs médicales. Le droit civil français reconnaît en effet les divers préjudices que peuvent subir les victimes indirectes : frais d’obsèques en cas de décès de la victime ; perte de revenus ; préjudice moral d’accompagnement ou d’affection ; autres préjudices extrapatrimoniaux. Or les systèmes d’indemnisation des victimes des essais nucléaires – par la loi dite « Morin » – et du chlordécone – au travers du FIVP – ne prévoient rien au sujet des victimes indirectes. Me Labrunie, avocate au barreau de Paris spécialisée dans la défense de victimes de dommages corporels, qui a défendu de nombreuses victimes de l’amiante et des essais nucléaires, estime que c’est une anomalie à laquelle le Gouvernement français pourrait remédier sans grande difficulté. Les milliers de manifestants réunis à Fort-de-France le 10 décembre 2022, à la suite du non-lieu prononcé le 2 janvier, demandaient justice à la fois pour les victimes directes et pour les victimes indirectes de l’exposition au chlordécone. La proposition de loi déposée le 20 juillet 2023 par les députés [PERSONNE] et [PERSONNE] tenait d’ailleurs compte des victimes indirectes et des ayants droit. Ce texte avait obtenu le soutien de nombreux autres députés ultramarins."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p403",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "403",
    "404",
    "405",
    "406"
   ],
   "order": 403,
   "text": "Merci, monsieur Monnet, de faire référence à cette proposition de loi, texte dont l’ambition aurait rendu son examen difficile dans le cadre d’une niche parlementaire. En ce qui concerne le présent texte, je propose que nous restions concentrés sur le cœur des propositions, sans entrer dans trop de précisions Cependant, je suis attentif à deux points soulevés par les amendements du groupe GDR, dont je pense qu’ils pourraient utilement figurer parmi les grands principes, tant il s’agit de questions sensibles. Premier point : l’indemnisation intégrale des victimes directes et indirectes, comme le pratique le FIVP. Second point : les ayants droit de victimes décédées, qui font partie de notre combat, sachant que les scientifiques constatent des cancers de la prostate en lien avec ce pesticide depuis déjà quarante ans aux Antilles. Pour ces raisons, j’ai déposé un sous-amendement à votre amendement AS5, qui était celui qui me convenait le mieux car les autres me semblaient redondants pour ne pas dire bavards – terme assez péjoratif pour l’ancien enseignant que je suis. Le but de ce sous-amendement est de réintégrer les ayants droit mais aussi les territoires que vous aviez oubliés parmi les victimes pouvant faire l’objet d’une indemnisation intégrale. Mon sous-amendement reprend aussi une disposition de l’amendement AS1 de M. Nilor, qui tombera si nous adoptons l’amendement AS5. M. Nilor précise que la contamination peut avoir eu lieu dans ou en dehors du cadre professionnel. Si nous voulons indemniser toutes les victimes, il ne faut oublier personne. Sous réserve de l’adoption de mon sous-amendement, je donnerai donc un avis favorable à votre amendement AS5.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 264,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p403",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6517faca6b0a",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Merci, monsieur Monnet, de faire référence à cette proposition de loi, texte dont l’ambition aurait rendu son examen difficile dans le cadre d’une niche parlementaire. En ce qui concerne le présent texte, je propose que nous restions concentrés sur le cœur des propositions, sans entrer dans trop de précisions Cependant, je suis attentif à deux points soulevés par les amendements du groupe [GROUPE], dont je pense qu’ils pourraient utilement figurer parmi les grands principes, tant il s’agit de questions sensibles. Premier point : l’indemnisation intégrale des victimes directes et indirectes, comme le pratique le FIVP. Second point : les ayants droit de victimes décédées, qui font partie de notre combat, sachant que les scientifiques constatent des cancers de la prostate en lien avec ce pesticide depuis déjà quarante ans aux Antilles. Pour ces raisons, j’ai déposé un sous-amendement à votre amendement AS5, qui était celui qui me convenait le mieux car les autres me semblaient redondants pour ne pas dire bavards – terme assez péjoratif pour l’ancien enseignant que je suis. Le but de ce sous-amendement est de réintégrer les ayants droit mais aussi les territoires que vous aviez oubliés parmi les victimes pouvant faire l’objet d’une indemnisation intégrale. Mon sous-amendement reprend aussi une disposition de l’amendement AS1 de M. Nilor, qui tombera si nous adoptons l’amendement AS5. M. Nilor précise que la contamination peut avoir eu lieu dans ou en dehors du cadre professionnel. Si nous voulons indemniser toutes les victimes, il ne faut oublier personne. Sous réserve de l’adoption de mon sous-amendement, je donnerai donc un avis favorable à votre amendement AS5."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795844",
   "speaker": "Karen Erodi",
   "quality": "Mme Karen Erodi (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p407",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "407",
    "408",
    "409"
   ],
   "order": 407,
   "text": "L’indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone doit être généralisée à toutes les victimes. Actuellement, les conditions d’accès à l’indemnisation sont trop restrictives : des milliers de travailleuses et de travailleurs antillais des bananeraies en sont exclus, en raison notamment de la condition d’avoir travaillé pendant au moins dix ans au contact de l’insecticide En réalité, beaucoup de personnes ont été au contact du chlordécone en dehors du travail. Selon Santé publique France, la quasi-totalité des Antillais – 92 % des Martiniquais et 95 % des Guadeloupéens – étaient contaminés au chlordécone en 2018. Plusieurs études ont établi un lien de présomption entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le cancer de la prostate. La Martinique détient le triste record mondial du nombre de cancers de la prostate avec près de 230 nouveaux cas pour 100 000 hommes chaque année. Que la contamination ait eu lieu dans le milieu de professionnel ou non, il est urgent de reconnaître, d’inclure et d’indemniser toutes les victimes. C’est une question d’égalité, de justice. Nous retirerons notre amendement AS1 si l’amendement AS5 était adopté avec la modification proposée par M. Califer.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 183,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p407",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N339b361291ff",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone doit être généralisée à toutes les victimes. Actuellement, les conditions d’accès à l’indemnisation sont trop restrictives : des milliers de travailleuses et de travailleurs antillais des bananeraies en sont exclus, en raison notamment de la condition d’avoir travaillé pendant au moins dix ans au contact de l’insecticide En réalité, beaucoup de personnes ont été au contact du chlordécone en dehors du travail. Selon Santé publique France, la quasi-totalité des Antillais – 92 % des Martiniquais et 95 % des Guadeloupéens – étaient contaminés au chlordécone en 2018. Plusieurs études ont établi un lien de présomption entre l’exposition au chlordécone et le cancer de la prostate. La Martinique détient le triste record mondial du nombre de cancers de la prostate avec près de 230 nouveaux cas pour 100 000 hommes chaque année. Que la contamination ait eu lieu dans le milieu de professionnel ou non, il est urgent de reconnaître, d’inclure et d’indemniser toutes les victimes. C’est une question d’égalité, de justice. Nous retirerons notre amendement AS1 si l’amendement AS5 était adopté avec la modification proposée par M. Califer."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA721234",
   "speaker": "Maud Petit",
   "quality": "Mme Maud Petit (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800484",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p411",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "411"
   ],
   "order": 411,
   "text": "Le groupe Dem votera contre ces amendements. Il me semble inutile de préciser que l’indemnisation est « intégrale » : on doit être indemnisé à hauteur de son préjudice, une fois celui-ci reconnu. Rappelons une chose trop méconnue : il est possible de faire des tests en Guadeloupe sur prescription médicale et en Martinique sans prescription médicale. Une fois la contamination reconnue, la personne est indemnisée en fonction de son préjudice",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p411",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nb0f4f097620d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Le groupe Dem votera contre ces amendements. Il me semble inutile de préciser que l’indemnisation est « intégrale » : on doit être indemnisé à hauteur de son préjudice, une fois celui-ci reconnu. Rappelons une chose trop méconnue : il est possible de faire des tests en Guadeloupe sur prescription médicale et en Martinique sans prescription médicale. Une fois la contamination reconnue, la personne est indemnisée en fonction de son préjudice"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA642847",
   "speaker": "Thibault Bazin",
   "quality": "M. Thibault Bazin (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p412",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "412"
   ],
   "order": 412,
   "text": "Pour ma part, je m’interroge sur les effets des mesures proposées dans ces amendements : il faut anticiper de futurs contentieux probables et la manière de les interpréter. Nous avons l’expérience de la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles qui instruit des dossiers de demande d’indemnisation. Comment différencier ce qui est intégral de ce qui ne l’est pas ? Le risque est même d’obtenir l’inverse de l’effet escompté : faute de bases juridiques solides, les interprétations pourraient donner lieu à des contentieux, et, finalement, à une absence d’indemnisation pour des personnes qui auraient pourtant été directement en contact avec le chlordécone",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 102,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p412",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6442f3e33e49",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJM",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pour ma part, je m’interroge sur les effets des mesures proposées dans ces amendements : il faut anticiper de futurs contentieux probables et la manière de les interpréter. Nous avons l’expérience de la branche accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles qui instruit des dossiers de demande d’indemnisation. Comment différencier ce qui est intégral de ce qui ne l’est pas ? Le risque est même d’obtenir l’inverse de l’effet escompté : faute de bases juridiques solides, les interprétations pourraient donner lieu à des contentieux, et, finalement, à une absence d’indemnisation pour des personnes qui auraient pourtant été directement en contact avec le chlordécone"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794038",
   "speaker": "Yannick Neuder",
   "quality": "M. Yannick Neuder (LR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800508",
   "group": "LR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p413",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "413"
   ],
   "order": 413,
   "text": "En réaction à l’intervention de M. Ruffin, je tenais à préciser que le président Chirac n’avait pas seulement fait un discours : en 1999, c’est sous sa présidence qu’il y a eu une première prise de conscience du sujet et que des mesures sanitaires et agronomiques de protection ont été prises. Ces études épidémiologiques ont permis au Premier ministre François Fillon de lancer en 2008 des actions interministérielles et les quinze actions de recherche, à l’origine des trois plans actuels",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 80,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p413",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N3662f781b524",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "En réaction à l’intervention de M. Ruffin, je tenais à préciser que le président Chirac n’avait pas seulement fait un discours : en 1999, c’est sous sa présidence qu’il y a eu une première prise de conscience du sujet et que des mesures sanitaires et agronomiques de protection ont été prises. Ces études épidémiologiques ont permis au Premier ministre [PERSONNE] de lancer en 2008 des actions interministérielles et les quinze actions de recherche, à l’origine des trois plans actuels"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793354",
   "speaker": "Joëlle Mélin",
   "quality": "Mme Joëlle Mélin (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p414",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "414",
    "415"
   ],
   "order": 414,
   "text": "Comme pour les essais nucléaires et l’amiante, nous nous trouvons face à la nécessité de créer un fonds permettant d’indemniser des personnes contaminées dans le cadre professionnel ou autre. Dans le cas d’une maladie professionnelle, l’imputation est assez aisée : le médecin pourra dire au magistrat saisi qu’il existe une relation directe et certaine entre l’exposition au chlordécone et la maladie constatée. En revanche, l’imputation est plus difficile à établir pour l’entourage ou les enfants nés après l’utilisation du pesticide mais présentant des pathologies Comme M. Bazin, je pense qu’il faut anticiper les difficultés financières et donc envisager une reconnaissance réaliste. Même si nous avons un avis positif sur les amendements et le sous-amendement proposés, nous n’ignorons pas que les sommes en jeu sont très importantes. Si nous voulons parvenir à cerner les préjudices patrimoniaux et extrapatrimoniaux – c’est comme cela qu’ils sont appelés –, nous devons être très prudents car notre responsabilité est engagée.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 155,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p414",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N5eee1f226b07",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Comme pour les essais nucléaires et l’amiante, nous nous trouvons face à la nécessité de créer un fonds permettant d’indemniser des personnes contaminées dans le cadre professionnel ou autre. Dans le cas d’une maladie professionnelle, l’imputation est assez aisée : le médecin pourra dire au magistrat saisi qu’il existe une relation directe et certaine entre l’exposition au chlordécone et la maladie constatée. En revanche, l’imputation est plus difficile à établir pour l’entourage ou les enfants nés après l’utilisation du pesticide mais présentant des pathologies Comme M. Bazin, je pense qu’il faut anticiper les difficultés financières et donc envisager une reconnaissance réaliste. Même si nous avons un avis positif sur les amendements et le sous-amendement proposés, nous n’ignorons pas que les sommes en jeu sont très importantes. Si nous voulons parvenir à cerner les préjudices patrimoniaux et extrapatrimoniaux – c’est comme cela qu’ils sont appelés –, nous devons être très prudents car notre responsabilité est engagée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719154",
   "speaker": "Didier Martin",
   "quality": "M. Didier Martin (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p416",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "416"
   ],
   "order": 416,
   "text": "Il n’est évidemment pas question de nier la souffrance de l’entourage d’une victime de pollution tant il est douloureux de voir un proche atteint d’une maladie professionnelle. Pour ma part, je m’interroge sur la définition légale d’une victime indirecte ou d’un territoire indirectement victime d’une pollution. Il ne me semble pas pertinent d’intégrer une notion aussi floue dans le texte. Rappelons que certaines pathologies, dont le cancer de la prostate, sont multifactorielles et leur imputabilité passe par la reconnaissance de maladie professionnelle. Pour la population, massivement exposée à une pollution de l’air, de l’eau et de la terre, il faut renforcer les méthodes de détection de l’atteinte organique de chaque individu et, le cas échéant, lui reconnaître le statut de victime directe. Personnellement, je trouve que ces amendements ne sont pas bienvenus",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS7, AS6 et AS5 de Mme Mereana Reid Arbelot et sous-amendement AS27 de M. Elie Califer, amendements AS1 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor et AS14 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 132,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p416",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N191aa6f538a0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il n’est évidemment pas question de nier la souffrance de l’entourage d’une victime de pollution tant il est douloureux de voir un proche atteint d’une maladie professionnelle. Pour ma part, je m’interroge sur la définition légale d’une victime indirecte ou d’un territoire indirectement victime d’une pollution. Il ne me semble pas pertinent d’intégrer une notion aussi floue dans le texte. Rappelons que certaines pathologies, dont le cancer de la prostate, sont multifactorielles et leur imputabilité passe par la reconnaissance de maladie professionnelle. Pour la population, massivement exposée à une pollution de l’air, de l’eau et de la terre, il faut renforcer les méthodes de détection de l’atteinte organique de chaque individu et, le cas échéant, lui reconnaître le statut de victime directe. Personnellement, je trouve que ces amendements ne sont pas bienvenus"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795318",
   "speaker": "Louis Boyard",
   "quality": "M. Louis Boyard (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p419",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "419"
   ],
   "order": 419,
   "text": "Cet amendement propose de considérer comme victimes les personnes qui ont été exposées à la molécule et qui résident toujours en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, mais aussi celles qui ont quitté ces territoires, notamment pour résider en France hexagonale. Dès lors que vous avez été exposé, les maladies peuvent surgir tout au long de votre vie, parfois des décennies plus tard. L’amendement de Danielle Simonnet, travaillé avec l’association afro-caribéenne DiivinesLGBTQIA+, permet d’apporter cette précision",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS2 de Mme Danielle Simonnet",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 74,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p419",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6deb84fd20f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "A",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement propose de considérer comme victimes les personnes qui ont été exposées à la molécule et qui résident toujours en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, mais aussi celles qui ont quitté ces territoires, notamment pour résider en France hexagonale. Dès lors que vous avez été exposé, les maladies peuvent surgir tout au long de votre vie, parfois des décennies plus tard. L’amendement de [PERSONNE], travaillé avec l’association afro-caribéenne DiivinesLGBTQIA+, permet d’apporter cette précision"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p420",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "420",
    "421"
   ],
   "order": 420,
   "text": "Vous souhaitez que les victimes puissent être indemnisées, même si elles ne résident plus en Martinique ou en Guadeloupe Sur le fond, votre amendement me paraît satisfait. Dans le dispositif actuel, le statut de victime n’est pas déterminé par la résidence en Guadeloupe ou en Martinique, mais par le fait d’avoir subi un préjudice économique, écologique ou sanitaire, lié à l’utilisation du chlordécone sur ces territoires. Je ne vois pas pourquoi ceux qui ont quitté les Antilles en seraient exclus. Cela dit, je suis conscient que c’est plus difficile pour eux de faire les démarches, notamment parce qu’ils ne peuvent pas bénéficier du dépistage gratuit permettant de détecter la trace éventuelle de chlordécone dans leur sang. Il faudrait prévoir ce dépistage gratuit pour tous ceux qui ont résidé aux Antilles, indépendamment du lieu actuel de résidence et, plus largement, ouvrir les mêmes droits en matière de réparation aux victimes qui résident en France hexagonale. Pour cette raison, je donnerai un avis favorable à votre amendement qui apporte une précision utile.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS2 de Mme Danielle Simonnet",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 170,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p420",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N03c17284f582",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Vous souhaitez que les victimes puissent être indemnisées, même si elles ne résident plus en Martinique ou en Guadeloupe Sur le fond, votre amendement me paraît satisfait. Dans le dispositif actuel, le statut de victime n’est pas déterminé par la résidence en Guadeloupe ou en Martinique, mais par le fait d’avoir subi un préjudice économique, écologique ou sanitaire, lié à l’utilisation du chlordécone sur ces territoires. Je ne vois pas pourquoi ceux qui ont quitté les Antilles en seraient exclus. Cela dit, je suis conscient que c’est plus difficile pour eux de faire les démarches, notamment parce qu’ils ne peuvent pas bénéficier du dépistage gratuit permettant de détecter la trace éventuelle de chlordécone dans leur sang. Il faudrait prévoir ce dépistage gratuit pour tous ceux qui ont résidé aux Antilles, indépendamment du lieu actuel de résidence et, plus largement, ouvrir les mêmes droits en matière de réparation aux victimes qui résident en France hexagonale. Pour cette raison, je donnerai un avis favorable à votre amendement qui apporte une précision utile."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p424",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "424"
   ],
   "order": 424,
   "text": "Par cet amendement je propose la création d’un fonds spécifique de recherche et d’indemnisation pour les victimes de l’exposition au chlordécone. Il leur sera exclusivement dédié, contrairement au FIVP qui a tendance à noyer le poisson car son champ d’intervention est très large. En outre, le FIVP présente des lacunes : il pose des conditions trop restrictives pour que les victimes puissent s’en saisir, ce que corrobore le petit nombre de dossiers déposés. Ce qui s’est passé dans ces îles est trop lourd pour que nous nous en contentions. Nous devons aller dans le sens des associations qui demandent des moyens, des recherches et des mesures propres concernant le chlordécone",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS15 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 110,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p424",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N9058cccf4c64",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMQS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet amendement je propose la création d’un fonds spécifique de recherche et d’indemnisation pour les victimes de l’exposition au chlordécone. Il leur sera exclusivement dédié, contrairement au FIVP qui a tendance à noyer le poisson car son champ d’intervention est très large. En outre, le FIVP présente des lacunes : il pose des conditions trop restrictives pour que les victimes puissent s’en saisir, ce que corrobore le petit nombre de dossiers déposés. Ce qui s’est passé dans ces îles est trop lourd pour que nous nous en contentions. Nous devons aller dans le sens des associations qui demandent des moyens, des recherches et des mesures propres concernant le chlordécone"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p425",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "425",
    "426"
   ],
   "order": 425,
   "text": "Chère collègue, on voit que vous avez travaillé le sujet et que vous avez rencontré des associations : votre proposition correspond à une forte demande. Votre fonds rappelle le dispositif prévu dans ma proposition de loi de juillet dernier, qui créait une autorité indépendante avec un peu les mêmes missions. Nous y avons renoncé dans ce texte car nous souhaitons un dispositif ramassé qui puisse être discuté et adopté dans le cadre de notre niche parlementaire. Il ne s’agit pas seulement de créer une structure, il faut définir son fonctionnement, sa composition et ses principes d’action, ce qui est un peu lourd. En outre, vous placez votre structure sur la tutelle des ministères, alors que nous plaidions pour son indépendance Votre proposition me semblant un peu prématurée, j’émets un avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS15 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 131,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p425",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N78d118e1cf99",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Chère collègue, on voit que vous avez travaillé le sujet et que vous avez rencontré des associations : votre proposition correspond à une forte demande. Votre fonds rappelle le dispositif prévu dans ma proposition de loi de juillet dernier, qui créait une autorité indépendante avec un peu les mêmes missions. Nous y avons renoncé dans ce texte car nous souhaitons un dispositif ramassé qui puisse être discuté et adopté dans le cadre de notre niche parlementaire. Il ne s’agit pas seulement de créer une structure, il faut définir son fonctionnement, sa composition et ses principes d’action, ce qui est un peu lourd. En outre, vous placez votre structure sur la tutelle des ministères, alors que nous plaidions pour son indépendance Votre proposition me semblant un peu prématurée, j’émets un avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719286",
   "speaker": "Paul-André Colombani",
   "quality": "M. Paul-André Colombani (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800532",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p432",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "432",
    "433"
   ],
   "order": 432,
   "text": "Cet amendement d’appel vise à essayer d’améliorer le dépistage de cancer de la prostate, mais sa rédaction mérite d’être améliorée car il concerne l’ensemble du territoire. Je vais le retirer et j’en déposerai une meilleure version en séance L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS12 de M. Paul-André Colombani",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 41,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p432",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N5b1fddc3f978",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement d’appel vise à essayer d’améliorer le dépistage de cancer de la prostate, mais sa rédaction mérite d’être améliorée car il concerne l’ensemble du territoire. Je vais le retirer et j’en déposerai une meilleure version en séance L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794762",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Dogor-Such",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Dogor-Such (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p435",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "435"
   ],
   "order": 435,
   "text": "La principale difficulté réside actuellement dans le manque d’information de la population. À force de dissimuler les problèmes et de repousser les actions nécessaires, les gouvernements successifs ont suscité une méfiance importante, parfaitement compréhensible, qu’il convient désormais de lever. Pour remédier à cette situation, cet amendement entend soumettre l’État à une obligation d’information, totalement transparente et juste, sur la chlordécone, les avancées en matière de dépollution et les démarches que nos concitoyens ultramarins pourront entreprendre telles que les analyses et dépistages gratuits ou la saisine du fonds d’indemnisation",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS19 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 88,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p435",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nc113e0c75576",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La principale difficulté réside actuellement dans le manque d’information de la population. À force de dissimuler les problèmes et de repousser les actions nécessaires, les gouvernements successifs ont suscité une méfiance importante, parfaitement compréhensible, qu’il convient désormais de lever. Pour remédier à cette situation, cet amendement entend soumettre l’État à une obligation d’information, totalement transparente et juste, sur la chlordécone, les avancées en matière de dépollution et les démarches que nos concitoyens ultramarins pourront entreprendre telles que les analyses et dépistages gratuits ou la saisine du fonds d’indemnisation"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p436",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "436",
    "437"
   ],
   "order": 436,
   "text": "Il est souhaitable d’avoir une information juste et transparente, mais ce n’est pas vraiment là où le bât blesse car le Gouvernement a d’ores et déjà fait un important effort de communication, reconnaissons-le. Le problème est que la confiance est rompue avec les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, ce qui rend cette communication inefficace. Il faut adopter cette proposition de loi pour que l’État redevienne audible sur ces territoires. Nous pourrons alors vraiment commencer à travailler sur les préjudices causés à nos populations et nos territoires par le chlordécone Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS19 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 92,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p436",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nbb5f65155f38",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "AT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est souhaitable d’avoir une information juste et transparente, mais ce n’est pas vraiment là où le bât blesse car le Gouvernement a d’ores et déjà fait un important effort de communication, reconnaissons-le. Le problème est que la confiance est rompue avec les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, ce qui rend cette communication inefficace. Il faut adopter cette proposition de loi pour que l’État redevienne audible sur ces territoires. Nous pourrons alors vraiment commencer à travailler sur les préjudices causés à nos populations et nos territoires par le chlordécone Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793708",
   "speaker": "Sébastien Peytavie",
   "quality": "M. Sébastien Peytavie (Ecolo - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800526",
   "group": "ECOLO",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p440",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "440",
    "441",
    "442",
    "443",
    "444"
   ],
   "order": 440,
   "text": "Rien ne pouvait justifier qu’en 1972 le ministère de l’agriculture autorise la mise sur le marché du chlordécone alors que sa toxicité était déjà scientifiquement connue depuis 1963 et que la Commission des toxiques avait refusé par deux fois son homologation Rien ne pouvait justifier que le 2 avril 1976, soit un peu moins d’un an après l’incident de l’usine de Hopewell aux États-Unis et ses conséquences sanitaires graves à la suite de l’exposition au chlordécone, la France prolonge l’autorisation provisoire de cette substance. Rien ne pouvait justifier, en 1981, l’homologation du chlordécone, alors que l’OMS avait classé la molécule comme cancérigène possible dès 1979, et que des rapports de 1977 et 1980 faisaient état de niveaux de contamination inquiétants des sols, des milieux marins, des plantes et de certains animaux. Surtout, rien ne pouvait justifier que les pouvoirs publics français autorisent, comme ils l’ont fait, l’utilisation sur les sols martiniquais et guadeloupéens du chlordécone, interdit sur son territoire hexagonal en 1992 puis en 1993. Pourtant, ces décisions ont été prises en connaissance de cause. Le temps est désormais à la reconnaissance de la responsabilité et à la réparation. Pour réparer et restaurer la confiance, il est nécessaire que la responsabilité des décideurs politiques soit publiquement établie. Ce travail de mémoire est aussi utile pour permettre de se rappeler les erreurs du passé et éviter de les reproduire.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS9 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 228,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p440",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Na74460570697",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Rien ne pouvait justifier qu’en 1972 le ministère de l’agriculture autorise la mise sur le marché du chlordécone alors que sa toxicité était déjà scientifiquement connue depuis 1963 et que la Commission des toxiques avait refusé par deux fois son homologation Rien ne pouvait justifier que le 2 avril 1976, soit un peu moins d’un an après l’incident de l’usine de Hopewell aux États-Unis et ses conséquences sanitaires graves à la suite de l’exposition au chlordécone, la France prolonge l’autorisation provisoire de cette substance. Rien ne pouvait justifier, en 1981, l’homologation du chlordécone, alors que l’OMS avait classé la molécule comme cancérigène possible dès 1979, et que des rapports de 1977 et 1980 faisaient état de niveaux de contamination inquiétants des sols, des milieux marins, des plantes et de certains animaux. Surtout, rien ne pouvait justifier que les pouvoirs publics français autorisent, comme ils l’ont fait, l’utilisation sur les sols martiniquais et guadeloupéens du chlordécone, interdit sur son territoire hexagonal en 1992 puis en 1993. Pourtant, ces décisions ont été prises en connaissance de cause. Le temps est désormais à la reconnaissance de la responsabilité et à la réparation. Pour réparer et restaurer la confiance, il est nécessaire que la responsabilité des décideurs politiques soit publiquement établie. Ce travail de mémoire est aussi utile pour permettre de se rappeler les erreurs du passé et éviter de les reproduire."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p445",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "445",
    "446"
   ],
   "order": 445,
   "text": "J’avoue ne pas vraiment comprendre vos intentions. Il me semble que les responsabilités sont établies dans cette affaire, notamment grâce aux travaux de la commission d’enquête présidée par Serge Letchimy. Nous savons comment la décision d’autorisation ou de prorogation a été prise, et que la responsabilité de l’État est engagée. Nous ne voulons pas faire de procès aux hommes politiques, aux gouvernements ou ministres successifs. Nous voulons que cette responsabilité soit reconnue et que toutes les conséquences en soient tirées sur le plan de la dépollution et de l’indemnisation. Il faut aller beaucoup plus loin que les plans chlordécone Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS9 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 101,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p445",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Na67f2c3e178e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’avoue ne pas vraiment comprendre vos intentions. Il me semble que les responsabilités sont établies dans cette affaire, notamment grâce aux travaux de la commission d’enquête présidée par [PERSONNE]. Nous savons comment la décision d’autorisation ou de prorogation a été prise, et que la responsabilité de l’État est engagée. Nous ne voulons pas faire de procès aux hommes politiques, aux gouvernements ou ministres successifs. Nous voulons que cette responsabilité soit reconnue et que toutes les conséquences en soient tirées sur le plan de la dépollution et de l’indemnisation. Il faut aller beaucoup plus loin que les plans chlordécone Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719154",
   "speaker": "Didier Martin",
   "quality": "M. Didier Martin (RE).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800538",
   "group": "RE",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p447",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "447"
   ],
   "order": 447,
   "text": "Rien ne pouvait justifier la prolongation de ces autorisations alors que l’on savait ce produit toxique, sauf peut-être aussi la demande locale, celle des producteurs, soutenue par les territoires, car ce produit était efficace pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier. Face à cette demande locale, il a été décidé de prolonger l’utilisation de ce produit avec ses risques afférents qui menaçaient les travailleurs dans les exploitations, mais pas les décideurs des territoires ni les propriétaires des bananeraies. Rien ne pouvait l’expliquer, sauf une demande locale acceptée par l’État",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS9 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 89,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p447",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nd8b14053707e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Rien ne pouvait justifier la prolongation de ces autorisations alors que l’on savait ce produit toxique, sauf peut-être aussi la demande locale, celle des producteurs, soutenue par les territoires, car ce produit était efficace pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier. Face à cette demande locale, il a été décidé de prolonger l’utilisation de ce produit avec ses risques afférents qui menaçaient les travailleurs dans les exploitations, mais pas les décideurs des territoires ni les propriétaires des bananeraies. Rien ne pouvait l’expliquer, sauf une demande locale acceptée par l’État"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793452",
   "speaker": "Hendrik Davi",
   "quality": "M. Hendrik Davi (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p448",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "448"
   ],
   "order": 448,
   "text": "Nous ne voterons pas pour cette proposition, tout en reconnaissant qu’elle a le mérite de poser une question très importante : quelle est la responsabilité des dirigeants politiques qui signent des autorisations de mise sur le marché de produits dont la toxicité est connue ? On ne peut pas se contenter de faire allusion à des intérêts. Quelques industriels, voire quelques travailleurs, avaient peut-être intérêt à utiliser ce produit. En face, la totalité d’une population a été contaminée. Cela pose la question des lobbies et des sanctions à l’égard d’un personnel politique qui préfère écouter des lobbies industriels plutôt que de protéger la santé de l’ensemble des citoyens. Merci d’avoir posé cette question de la responsabilité des politiques – qui dépasse largement celle du chlordécone –, même si cette proposition de loi n’est pas le véhicule législatif idéal pour la trancher",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS9 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p318",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 141,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p448",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nf54afd092230",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "IQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous ne voterons pas pour cette proposition, tout en reconnaissant qu’elle a le mérite de poser une question très importante : quelle est la responsabilité des dirigeants politiques qui signent des autorisations de mise sur le marché de produits dont la toxicité est connue ? On ne peut pas se contenter de faire allusion à des intérêts. Quelques industriels, voire quelques travailleurs, avaient peut-être intérêt à utiliser ce produit. En face, la totalité d’une population a été contaminée. Cela pose la question des lobbies et des sanctions à l’égard d’un personnel politique qui préfère écouter des lobbies industriels plutôt que de protéger la santé de l’ensemble des citoyens. Merci d’avoir posé cette question de la responsabilité des politiques – qui dépasse largement celle du chlordécone –, même si cette proposition de loi n’est pas le véhicule législatif idéal pour la trancher"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p454",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "454"
   ],
   "order": 454,
   "text": "Cet amendement entend impliquer les professionnels de santé et de l’éducation des territoires guadeloupéens et martiniquais dans ce dossier. L’idée est de passer par ces professionnels, qui ont la confiance des habitants, pour mieux informer nos concitoyens de ces territoires sur les répercussions de l’utilisation du chlordécone, mais aussi sur les avancées en matière de dépollution. Ces professionnels pourront répondre aux interrogations et inquiétudes de tous – du jeune qui va à l’école à la femme enceinte qui se rend chez son médecin –, et donner des conseils. Cela suppose évidemment la justesse et la transparence des informations",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS16 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 98,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p454",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N31c0fc8ef13e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MT",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement entend impliquer les professionnels de santé et de l’éducation des territoires guadeloupéens et martiniquais dans ce dossier. L’idée est de passer par ces professionnels, qui ont la confiance des habitants, pour mieux informer nos concitoyens de ces territoires sur les répercussions de l’utilisation du chlordécone, mais aussi sur les avancées en matière de dépollution. Ces professionnels pourront répondre aux interrogations et inquiétudes de tous – du jeune qui va à l’école à la femme enceinte qui se rend chez son médecin –, et donner des conseils. Cela suppose évidemment la justesse et la transparence des informations"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p455",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "455",
    "456"
   ],
   "order": 455,
   "text": "Sur le fond, je ne suis pas défavorable à votre proposition : il est évident que les professionnels devraient être mieux formés sur ce sujet – c’est d’ailleurs l’un des objectifs poursuivis par le Gouvernement dans le cadre du plan Chlordécone IV. Cependant, il ne me paraît pas souhaitable d’en faire un objectif de même rang que la dépollution des territoires et l’indemnisation des victimes. À mon avis, votre proposition aurait davantage sa place dans les débats sur le financement de la sécurité sociale Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS16 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 86,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p455",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N84e5d65a564d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BM",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Sur le fond, je ne suis pas défavorable à votre proposition : il est évident que les professionnels devraient être mieux formés sur ce sujet – c’est d’ailleurs l’un des objectifs poursuivis par le Gouvernement dans le cadre du plan Chlordécone IV. Cependant, il ne me paraît pas souhaitable d’en faire un objectif de même rang que la dépollution des territoires et l’indemnisation des victimes. À mon avis, votre proposition aurait davantage sa place dans les débats sur le financement de la sécurité sociale Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA796070",
   "speaker": "Perceval Gaillard",
   "quality": "M. Perceval Gaillard (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p459",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "459"
   ],
   "order": 459,
   "text": "Par cet excellent amendement de notre camarade Nilor, nous demandons un rapport relatif à l’utilisation du chlordécone sur l’ensemble du territoire national. Grâce à un rapport publié en 2009 par l’Opecst, nous savons déjà que quelque 1 500 tonnes de chlordécone se sont évaporées en Europe par le biais de la société allemande Spiess & Sohn. La présence sur le territoire de l’Union européenne d’une telle quantité de ce dangereux pesticide dont la destination est inconnue interpelle : a-t-elle servi à alimenter des réseaux clandestins à destination des Caraïbes ? A-t-elle aussi été utilisée chez nous, à La Réunion, où il y a des bananeraies et des cultures intensives ? A-t-elle été utilisée pour d’autres cultures dans l’Hexagone ? Notre demande de rapport correspond à un besoin de transparence et de connaissances sur l’utilisation du chlordécone, y compris sur l’ensemble du territoire national",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 143,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p459",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Naf04c48cad66",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "T",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Par cet excellent amendement de notre camarade Nilor, nous demandons un rapport relatif à l’utilisation du chlordécone sur l’ensemble du territoire national. Grâce à un rapport publié en 2009 par l’Opecst, nous savons déjà que quelque 1 500 tonnes de chlordécone se sont évaporées en Europe par le biais de la société allemande Spiess & Sohn. La présence sur le territoire de l’Union européenne d’une telle quantité de ce dangereux pesticide dont la destination est inconnue interpelle : a-t-elle servi à alimenter des réseaux clandestins à destination des Caraïbes ? A-t-elle aussi été utilisée chez nous, à La Réunion, où il y a des bananeraies et des cultures intensives ? A-t-elle été utilisée pour d’autres cultures dans l’Hexagone ? Notre demande de rapport correspond à un besoin de transparence et de connaissances sur l’utilisation du chlordécone, y compris sur l’ensemble du territoire national"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p460",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "460",
    "461"
   ],
   "order": 460,
   "text": "Tout en étant aussi un partisan de la transparence, j’ai du mal à cerner le périmètre de votre demande de rapport, qui me semble excéder celui du présent texte. Si certains faits vous paraissent troubles et même troublants, ce n’est pas le Gouvernement qui va vous éclairer, c’est au Parlement de faire la lumière, au moyen d’une mission d’information ou d’une commission d’enquête Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 65,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p460",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N5a9f20d74771",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Tout en étant aussi un partisan de la transparence, j’ai du mal à cerner le périmètre de votre demande de rapport, qui me semble excéder celui du présent texte. Si certains faits vous paraissent troubles et même troublants, ce n’est pas le Gouvernement qui va vous éclairer, c’est au Parlement de faire la lumière, au moyen d’une mission d’information ou d’une commission d’enquête Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793736",
   "speaker": "Hadrien Clouet",
   "quality": "M. Hadrien Clouet (LFI - NUPES).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800490",
   "group": "LFI-NUPES",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p462",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "462",
    "463",
    "464",
    "465"
   ],
   "order": 462,
   "text": "Cette demande de rapport est triplement importante Tout d’abord, nous savons que certaines informations existent, dont notamment les comptes de l’entreprise allemande Spiess & Sohn, qui a importé aux Antilles 1 200 tonnes de chlordécone après l’interdiction de ce dernier aux États-Unis. Ces comptes n’ont toujours pas été publiés, alors qu’on pourrait y trouver la liste des fournisseurs d’intrants et celle des personnes morales ou physiques auxquelles ce produit a été vendu. Cela permettrait ensuite d’identifier les terrains où un épandage de chlordécone a pu avoir lieu. Car, contrairement à ce qui a pu être dit précédemment, ce produit n’a pas été utilisé seulement pour traiter les bananiers. Il sert aussi contre les taupins et les doryphores, donc à traiter les pommes de terre. Certains rapports font ainsi état de la présence de traces de chlordécone dans le Nord-Est de la France ou dans les Sud-Est de l’Allemagne. Nous pourrions donc savoir un peu plus précisément où ont eu lieu des épandages et adapter en conséquence la politique de santé publique – en nous appuyant sur les luttes et l’expérience de nos compatriotes antillais, qui ont montré le chemin d’un combat qui doit être mené de manière universelle.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 198,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p462",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N8e3ee54accc5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cette demande de rapport est triplement importante Tout d’abord, nous savons que certaines informations existent, dont notamment les comptes de l’entreprise allemande Spiess & Sohn, qui a importé aux Antilles 1 200 tonnes de chlordécone après l’interdiction de ce dernier aux États-Unis. Ces comptes n’ont toujours pas été publiés, alors qu’on pourrait y trouver la liste des fournisseurs d’intrants et celle des personnes morales ou physiques auxquelles ce produit a été vendu. Cela permettrait ensuite d’identifier les terrains où un épandage de chlordécone a pu avoir lieu. Car, contrairement à ce qui a pu être dit précédemment, ce produit n’a pas été utilisé seulement pour traiter les bananiers. Il sert aussi contre les taupins et les doryphores, donc à traiter les pommes de terre. Certains rapports font ainsi état de la présence de traces de chlordécone dans le Nord-Est de la France ou dans les Sud-Est de l’Allemagne. Nous pourrions donc savoir un peu plus précisément où ont eu lieu des épandages et adapter en conséquence la politique de santé publique – en nous appuyant sur les luttes et l’expérience de nos compatriotes antillais, qui ont montré le chemin d’un combat qui doit être mené de manière universelle."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794434",
   "speaker": "Christophe Bentz",
   "quality": "M. Christophe Bentz (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p468",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "468",
    "469"
   ],
   "order": 468,
   "text": "La cartographie actuelle de la contamination des sols et des eaux par le chlordécone en Martinique et à la Guadeloupe est jugée trop lacunaire et a fait l’objet de nombreuses critiques, notamment de la part de la population locale. Il est donc impératif de réaliser une cartographie exhaustive des territoires affectés par l’utilisation de ce produit, mais également de la mettre régulièrement à jour. En effet, il est essentiel de surveiller de près l’évolution de la situation car, comme l’affirment certains experts, la molécule peut se transformer voire se dégrader au fil du temps C’est la raison pour laquelle cet amendement demande au Gouvernement de remettre un rapport établissant une telle cartographie.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS20 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 112,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p468",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N96d1948c8c0e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "La cartographie actuelle de la contamination des sols et des eaux par le chlordécone en Martinique et à la Guadeloupe est jugée trop lacunaire et a fait l’objet de nombreuses critiques, notamment de la part de la population locale. Il est donc impératif de réaliser une cartographie exhaustive des territoires affectés par l’utilisation de ce produit, mais également de la mettre régulièrement à jour. En effet, il est essentiel de surveiller de près l’évolution de la situation car, comme l’affirment certains experts, la molécule peut se transformer voire se dégrader au fil du temps C’est la raison pour laquelle cet amendement demande au Gouvernement de remettre un rapport établissant une telle cartographie."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p470",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "470",
    "471",
    "472",
    "473"
   ],
   "order": 470,
   "text": "Il est exact que la cartographie dont nous disposons est assez lacunaire. Je me suis penché sur la question dans ma circonscription, où l’on cultive la banane, et l’information est inexistante. C’est bizarre Le processus actuel de cartographie repose sur le volontariat : il faut que le propriétaire demande que ses terres soient analysées. Il conviendrait plutôt que le Gouvernement intensifie ce processus afin d’aller au bout de la démarche. Même si le plan Chlordécone IV a permis d’accélérer un peu, cela n’avance pas très vite. Mais demander de réaliser une cartographie tous les deux ans me semble quelque peu surréaliste et compliqué. On sait que la chlordécone est particulièrement rémanente et il est probable que cette molécule sera encore présente pendant très longtemps. Actualiser la cartographie tous les deux ans n’apportera pas d’informations supplémentaires. En revanche, il faut se donner les moyens de réaliser une cartographie générale. Avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS20 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 150,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p470",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N4d674eaa0c80",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "MS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il est exact que la cartographie dont nous disposons est assez lacunaire. Je me suis penché sur la question dans ma circonscription, où l’on cultive la banane, et l’information est inexistante. C’est bizarre Le processus actuel de cartographie repose sur le volontariat : il faut que le propriétaire demande que ses terres soient analysées. Il conviendrait plutôt que le Gouvernement intensifie ce processus afin d’aller au bout de la démarche. Même si le plan Chlordécone IV a permis d’accélérer un peu, cela n’avance pas très vite. Mais demander de réaliser une cartographie tous les deux ans me semble quelque peu surréaliste et compliqué. On sait que la chlordécone est particulièrement rémanente et il est probable que cette molécule sera encore présente pendant très longtemps. Actualiser la cartographie tous les deux ans n’apportera pas d’informations supplémentaires. En revanche, il faut se donner les moyens de réaliser une cartographie générale. Avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793608",
   "speaker": "Katiana Levavasseur",
   "quality": "Mme Katiana Levavasseur (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO800520",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p476",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "476",
    "477"
   ],
   "order": 476,
   "text": "L’amendement AS21 est une demande d’audit complet de la situation écologique, sanitaire et médicale en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Nous devons tout mettre en œuvre pour restaurer la confiance de nos compatriotes d’outre-mer et suivre l’évolution de la situation dans ces îles L’amendement AS17 propose quant à lui que le Gouvernement remette un rapport sur les répercussions sur le corps des femmes de l’utilisation du chlordécone. Cette demande a été formulée à plusieurs reprises, notamment lors des auditions. En effet, les recherches se sont pendant longtemps principalement concentrées sur les hommes, les problèmes de fertilité ou encore les cancers de la prostate. Si bien que l’on ne connaît pas vraiment l’impact qu’a eu la chlordécone sur la santé des femmes, qu’il s’agisse du cancer du sein ou de l’utérus.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS21, AS17 et AS23 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 129,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p476",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N45e76269925d",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement AS21 est une demande d’audit complet de la situation écologique, sanitaire et médicale en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Nous devons tout mettre en œuvre pour restaurer la confiance de nos compatriotes d’outre-mer et suivre l’évolution de la situation dans ces îles L’amendement AS17 propose quant à lui que le Gouvernement remette un rapport sur les répercussions sur le corps des femmes de l’utilisation du chlordécone. Cette demande a été formulée à plusieurs reprises, notamment lors des auditions. En effet, les recherches se sont pendant longtemps principalement concentrées sur les hommes, les problèmes de fertilité ou encore les cancers de la prostate. Si bien que l’on ne connaît pas vraiment l’impact qu’a eu la chlordécone sur la santé des femmes, qu’il s’agisse du cancer du sein ou de l’utérus."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L16B2206@2024-02-14",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L16B2206",
   "date": "2024-02-14",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 16,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L16B2206.html",
   "source_sha256": "3aa0f2824a6de7531bcf923aac38a37bfe9bad06ac535b5ec5a373e47abe83fa",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L16B2206-p478",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "478",
    "479",
    "480"
   ],
   "order": 478,
   "text": "Avis défavorable, même si je reconnais qu’il est nécessaire d’éclaircir les choses. Ces deux demandes de rapport ont le mérite de souligner qu’il faut aller plus loin et plus vite Les effets du chlordécone sur la santé des femmes et des jeunes filles pubères constituent une préoccupation majeure. Les médecins indiquent aussi qu’ils voient arriver en consultation des jeunes hommes dont les seins poussent. Il faut donc accélérer les recherches et donner aux scientifiques les moyens de travailler. La recherche sur le chlordécone doit devenir une priorité nationale. Les amendements sont en partie satisfaits par la proposition de loi, qui demande que cette recherche soit renforcée. À ce stade, nous ne disposons pas des éléments scientifiques d’une qualité suffisante pour qu’un rapport assure notre bonne information.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS21, AS17 et AS23 de Mme Katiana Levavasseur",
   "article": "Après l’article 1er",
   "article_id": "p452",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 126,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L16B2206-p478",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nf7ab655afe69",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Avis défavorable, même si je reconnais qu’il est nécessaire d’éclaircir les choses. Ces deux demandes de rapport ont le mérite de souligner qu’il faut aller plus loin et plus vite Les effets du chlordécone sur la santé des femmes et des jeunes filles pubères constituent une préoccupation majeure. Les médecins indiquent aussi qu’ils voient arriver en consultation des jeunes hommes dont les seins poussent. Il faut donc accélérer les recherches et donner aux scientifiques les moyens de travailler. La recherche sur le chlordécone doit devenir une priorité nationale. Les amendements sont en partie satisfaits par la proposition de loi, qui demande que cette recherche soit renforcée. À ce stade, nous ne disposons pas des éléments scientifiques d’une qualité suffisante pour qu’un rapport assure notre bonne information."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795762",
   "speaker": "Elie Califer",
   "quality": "M. Elie Califer, rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p179",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "179",
    "180",
    "181",
    "182",
    "183",
    "184",
    "185",
    "186",
    "187",
    "188",
    "189",
    "190",
    "191",
    "192",
    "193",
    "194"
   ],
   "order": 179,
   "text": "Cela fait effectivement presque deux ans et demi que nous avons adopté cette proposition de loi en première lecture, le 29 février 2024. Le Sénat l’a adoptée à son tour en juin 2025, il y a presque un an, et c’est seulement maintenant que ce texte nous revient. Le temps du législateur est parfois très long, trop long. Pendant ce temps, les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique souffrent et désespèrent Puisque certains d’entre vous n’étaient pas là en 2024, je rappellerai rapidement ce qu’est le scandale du chlordécone, pour que chacun puisse en prendre la mesure et, je l’espère, adhérer à la démarche de ce texte. Entre 1972 et 1993, l’État français a pris la responsabilité d’autoriser la mise sur le marché et l’utilisation prolongée du chlordécone en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier, en violation de la loi du 22 décembre 1972. Dès cette époque, il avait pourtant tous les moyens de savoir que cet insecticide, déjà interdit par de nombreux autres pays, était hautement toxique ; cela ne l’a pas empêché de maintenir son utilisation dans nos seuls territoires de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Peut-être répondait-il ainsi à la demande de la filière de la banane – mais c’est bien à l’État, plutôt qu’aux producteurs, que le législateur avait confié l’examen de l’innocuité des pesticides. Non seulement l’État a failli à sa responsabilité de n’autoriser que des pesticides dont l’innocuité pour la santé et l’environnement était prouvée, mais il a aussi failli à sa responsabilité de protéger la population, lorsqu’il est apparu que le chlordécone avait très largement contaminé l’environnement et les écosystèmes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. La chlordécone est une molécule reprotoxique et rémanente, qui a contaminé tous les compartiments de l’environnement. En contaminant les sols, elle a contaminé les produits agricoles, les bovins, les ovins. En contaminant les eaux, elle a contaminé les produits de la pêche et de l’aquaculture, ainsi que l’eau du robinet. Selon la dernière étude Kannari réalisée par Santé publique France, plus de 90 % de la population a du chlordécone dans le sang – 92 % ou 93 % pour la Martinique. Les conséquences sont dramatiques pour nos territoires. Elles sont d’abord sanitaires, car le chlordécone est un perturbateur endocrinien. Même si la recherche est encore beaucoup trop faible sur son impact, on a déjà établi des liens avec de nombreux fléaux qui touchent nos territoires : cancer de la prostate et autres maladies hormono-induites, prématurité, troubles du développement et obésité infantile... Nos enfants portent le poids de ce scandale, qui affectera aussi les générations à venir. Les chercheurs ont montré que l’exposition au chlordécone réduisait significativement la fertilité des jeunes femmes. Nous commençons tout juste à prendre la mesure de cet impact sanitaire, qui est massif. Le préjudice est aussi écologique et économique. Aucune technique ne permet de dépolluer les sols de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. La seule solution pour réduire l’exposition de la population est de ne plus cultiver les sols pollués, de ne plus pêcher dans les eaux contaminées, et de ne plus vendre les produits végétaux ou animaux qui dépassent un certain seuil de résidus de chlordécone. Cela a des conséquences économiques très concrètes pour la population : les pêcheurs doivent s’équiper pour aller pêcher au large, les fermes aquacoles ferment, les éleveurs doivent décontaminer leurs bêtes, le tout avec des aides de l’État très insuffisantes. Résultat, nous sommes obligés d’importer toujours plus, au détriment de la souveraineté alimentaire de nos territoires. Aujourd’hui, les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais vivent dans l’angoisse du lendemain, dans la crainte de ne pas s’en sortir financièrement. Ils se pensent condamnés et désespèrent. Ils se sentent abandonnés par l’État. Certains rapports évoquent les Antilles comme des terres sacrifiées. C’est pourquoi cette proposition de loi est attendue, nécessaire et urgente. L’État a mis très longtemps à prendre la mesure du scandale du chlordécone. Si la molécule a été retirée du marché en 1993, les premiers plans visant à prendre des mesures de protection et de réparation pour la population n’ont été engagés qu’à partir de 2008, et tout le monde convient qu’ils n’étaient pas du tout à la hauteur de l’enjeu. Ces derniers temps, on a vu une amorce de réponse de l’État, avec la mise en œuvre du plan Chlordécone 4 et la reconnaissance hésitante d’une responsabilité par le président Macron en 2018. Mais l’engagement de l’État demeure très insuffisant, et aléatoire. Il est tributaire des fluctuations de la vie politique. Qui sait ce qu’il adviendra en 2027 ? Nous sommes au tout début d’un processus qui doit absolument monter en puissance. Il faut financer la recherche pour mieux cerner l’impact sanitaire du chlordécone, mieux connaître les sols contaminés et l’impact des métabolites de ce produit, et mettre au point des techniques de dépollution. Et l’on ne peut en rester à l’indemnisation des seules victimes professionnelles du chlordécone quand on sait que plus de 90 % de la population y est exposée, avec un impact sanitaire manifeste. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous devons adopter cette proposition de loi telle qu’elle nous est soumise aujourd’hui, quand bien même elle ne serait pas parfaite. Que prévoit ce texte ? Il inscrit dans la loi la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale du chlordécone et affirme solennellement ce qui en découle : la dépollution des territoires, la protection de la population, la réparation des préjudices subis et l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes, professionnelles ou non. Le Sénat a apporté au texte que nous avions adopté en première lecture des modifications qui n’altèrent pas la philosophie que je viens de décrire. Certains ajouts sont bienvenus – je pense notamment à la question de l’impact sanitaire sur les femmes, trop longtemps passée sous silence. Ainsi, il s’agit d’un texte de compromis. Chacun pourrait trouver des raisons de le modifier encore, pour le faire aller dans un sens ou dans l’autre. Mais alors, nous repartirions pour une navette d’autant plus incertaine qu’elle sera interrompue par l’élection présidentielle de 2027. Je me résous donc à préconiser la seule solution qui me semble aujourd’hui susceptible de répondre aux besoins et aux attentes de nos concitoyens de Guadeloupe et de Martinique : je pense que nous devons voter ce texte conforme, c’est-à-dire tel que le Sénat l’a adopté il y a un an. Cela mettra fin à la navette parlementaire et permettra une entrée en vigueur du texte dès le mois prochain. Nous avons le devoir d’entretenir la flamme d’espérance que cette proposition de loi a fait naître chez nos concitoyens. Je vous demande donc de faire preuve de retenue lors de l’examen des amendements, d’autant que ce texte est examiné selon la procédure de législation en commission, ce qui signifie qu’il sera en principe adopté tel que nous le voterons ce matin. Je ne dis pas que les amendements que vous défendrez ne sont pas légitimes ou intéressants, mais convenons qu’ils ne changeront pas le fond du texte ! En revanche, leur adoption aurait pour effet de repousser l’adoption définitive de cette proposition de loi à un avenir particulièrement incertain. Avant de voter chacun de ces amendements, je vous invite donc à penser aux populations et aux associations qui attendent depuis deux décennies ce geste de reconnaissance et de responsabilité.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 1211,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p179",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Ndad4d0313be4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJLMOPQRST",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cela fait effectivement presque deux ans et demi que nous avons adopté cette proposition de loi en première lecture, le 29 février 2024. Le Sénat l’a adoptée à son tour en juin 2025, il y a presque un an, et c’est seulement maintenant que ce texte nous revient. Le temps du législateur est parfois très long, trop long. Pendant ce temps, les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique souffrent et désespèrent Puisque certains d’entre vous n’étaient pas là en 2024, je rappellerai rapidement ce qu’est le scandale du chlordécone, pour que chacun puisse en prendre la mesure et, je l’espère, adhérer à la démarche de ce texte. Entre 1972 et 1993, l’État français a pris la responsabilité d’autoriser la mise sur le marché et l’utilisation prolongée du chlordécone en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, pour lutter contre le charançon du bananier, en violation de la loi du 22 décembre 1972. Dès cette époque, il avait pourtant tous les moyens de savoir que cet insecticide, déjà interdit par de nombreux autres pays, était hautement toxique ; cela ne l’a pas empêché de maintenir son utilisation dans nos seuls territoires de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Peut-être répondait-il ainsi à la demande de la filière de la banane – mais c’est bien à l’État, plutôt qu’aux producteurs, que le législateur avait confié l’examen de l’innocuité des pesticides. Non seulement l’État a failli à sa responsabilité de n’autoriser que des pesticides dont l’innocuité pour la santé et l’environnement était prouvée, mais il a aussi failli à sa responsabilité de protéger la population, lorsqu’il est apparu que le chlordécone avait très largement contaminé l’environnement et les écosystèmes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. La chlordécone est une molécule reprotoxique et rémanente, qui a contaminé tous les compartiments de l’environnement. En contaminant les sols, elle a contaminé les produits agricoles, les bovins, les ovins. En contaminant les eaux, elle a contaminé les produits de la pêche et de l’aquaculture, ainsi que l’eau du robinet. Selon la dernière étude Kannari réalisée par Santé publique France, plus de 90 % de la population a du chlordécone dans le sang – 92 % ou 93 % pour la Martinique. Les conséquences sont dramatiques pour nos territoires. Elles sont d’abord sanitaires, car le chlordécone est un perturbateur endocrinien. Même si la recherche est encore beaucoup trop faible sur son impact, on a déjà établi des liens avec de nombreux fléaux qui touchent nos territoires : cancer de la prostate et autres maladies hormono-induites, prématurité, troubles du développement et obésité infantile... Nos enfants portent le poids de ce scandale, qui affectera aussi les générations à venir. Les chercheurs ont montré que l’exposition au chlordécone réduisait significativement la fertilité des jeunes femmes. Nous commençons tout juste à prendre la mesure de cet impact sanitaire, qui est massif. Le préjudice est aussi écologique et économique. Aucune technique ne permet de dépolluer les sols de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. La seule solution pour réduire l’exposition de la population est de ne plus cultiver les sols pollués, de ne plus pêcher dans les eaux contaminées, et de ne plus vendre les produits végétaux ou animaux qui dépassent un certain seuil de résidus de chlordécone. Cela a des conséquences économiques très concrètes pour la population : les pêcheurs doivent s’équiper pour aller pêcher au large, les fermes aquacoles ferment, les éleveurs doivent décontaminer leurs bêtes, le tout avec des aides de l’État très insuffisantes. Résultat, nous sommes obligés d’importer toujours plus, au détriment de la souveraineté alimentaire de nos territoires. Aujourd’hui, les Guadeloupéens et les Martiniquais vivent dans l’angoisse du lendemain, dans la crainte de ne pas s’en sortir financièrement. Ils se pensent condamnés et désespèrent. Ils se sentent abandonnés par l’État. Certains rapports évoquent les Antilles comme des terres sacrifiées. C’est pourquoi cette proposition de loi est attendue, nécessaire et urgente. L’État a mis très longtemps à prendre la mesure du scandale du chlordécone. Si la molécule a été retirée du marché en 1993, les premiers plans visant à prendre des mesures de protection et de réparation pour la population n’ont été engagés qu’à partir de 2008, et tout le monde convient qu’ils n’étaient pas du tout à la hauteur de l’enjeu. Ces derniers temps, on a vu une amorce de réponse de l’État, avec la mise en œuvre du plan Chlordécone 4 et la reconnaissance hésitante d’une responsabilité par le président Macron en 2018. Mais l’engagement de l’État demeure très insuffisant, et aléatoire. Il est tributaire des fluctuations de la vie politique. Qui sait ce qu’il adviendra en 2027 ? Nous sommes au tout début d’un processus qui doit absolument monter en puissance. Il faut financer la recherche pour mieux cerner l’impact sanitaire du chlordécone, mieux connaître les sols contaminés et l’impact des métabolites de ce produit, et mettre au point des techniques de dépollution. Et l’on ne peut en rester à l’indemnisation des seules victimes professionnelles du chlordécone quand on sait que plus de 90 % de la population y est exposée, avec un impact sanitaire manifeste. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous devons adopter cette proposition de loi telle qu’elle nous est soumise aujourd’hui, quand bien même elle ne serait pas parfaite. Que prévoit ce texte ? Il inscrit dans la loi la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans le scandale du chlordécone et affirme solennellement ce qui en découle : la dépollution des territoires, la protection de la population, la réparation des préjudices subis et l’indemnisation de toutes les victimes, professionnelles ou non. Le Sénat a apporté au texte que nous avions adopté en première lecture des modifications qui n’altèrent pas la philosophie que je viens de décrire. Certains ajouts sont bienvenus – je pense notamment à la question de l’impact sanitaire sur les femmes, trop longtemps passée sous silence. Ainsi, il s’agit d’un texte de compromis. Chacun pourrait trouver des raisons de le modifier encore, pour le faire aller dans un sens ou dans l’autre. Mais alors, nous repartirions pour une navette d’autant plus incertaine qu’elle sera interrompue par l’élection présidentielle de 2027. Je me résous donc à préconiser la seule solution qui me semble aujourd’hui susceptible de répondre aux besoins et aux attentes de nos concitoyens de Guadeloupe et de Martinique : je pense que nous devons voter ce texte conforme, c’est-à-dire tel que le Sénat l’a adopté il y a un an. Cela mettra fin à la navette parlementaire et permettra une entrée en vigueur du texte dès le mois prochain. Nous avons le devoir d’entretenir la flamme d’espérance que cette proposition de loi a fait naître chez nos concitoyens. Je vous demande donc de faire preuve de retenue lors de l’examen des amendements, d’autant que ce texte est examiné selon la procédure de législation en commission, ce qui signifie qu’il sera en principe adopté tel que nous le voterons ce matin. Je ne dis pas que les amendements que vous défendrez ne sont pas légitimes ou intéressants, mais convenons qu’ils ne changeront pas le fond du texte ! En revanche, leur adoption aurait pour effet de repousser l’adoption définitive de cette proposition de loi à un avenir particulièrement incertain. Avant de voter chacun de ces amendements, je vous invite donc à penser aux populations et aux associations qui attendent depuis deux décennies ce geste de reconnaissance et de responsabilité."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793696",
   "speaker": "Serge Muller",
   "quality": "M. Serge Muller (RN).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845401",
   "group": "RN",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p196",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "196",
    "197",
    "198"
   ],
   "order": 196,
   "text": "Le scandale du chlordécone constitue l’une des plus graves fautes sanitaires et environnementales commises par l’État français dans nos territoires ultramarins. Pendant plus de vingt ans, entre 1972 et 1993, l’utilisation de ce pesticide hautement toxique a été autorisée dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe, alors même que sa dangerosité était connue. Aujourd’hui encore, les conséquences sont dramatiques. Les sols, les cours d’eau, les nappes phréatiques et les espaces maritimes demeurent durablement contaminés. Plus grave encore, des générations entières de nos compatriotes antillais vivent désormais avec l’angoisse permanente de développer des pathologies lourdes – cancer de la prostate, infertilité, troubles neurologiques, méningiomes. Les juridictions administratives ont reconnu les carences fautives et les négligences de l’État Marine Le Pen fut la première responsable politique nationale à donner l’alerte contre ce scandale sanitaire. Depuis des années, nous demandons un véritable plan d’urgence interministériel associant la santé, l’agriculture, l’outre-mer, l’environnement et les finances. Nous proposons un audit écologique et médical complet, un dépistage systématique des populations, le financement massif de la recherche pour dépolluer les terres contaminées, la reconversion des exploitations agricoles, le soutien aux pêcheurs durement touchés ainsi que la création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes. Nos compatriotes ultramarins demandent la justice, la vérité et la protection de leur santé. Il est temps que l’État assume pleinement ses responsabilités et mette enfin un terme à l’abandon de l’outre-mer. Pour toutes ces raisons, nous voterons cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 238,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p196",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N9f3d8dcab8b4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "RN et alliés",
   "analysis_text": "Le scandale du chlordécone constitue l’une des plus graves fautes sanitaires et environnementales commises par l’État français dans nos territoires ultramarins. Pendant plus de vingt ans, entre 1972 et 1993, l’utilisation de ce pesticide hautement toxique a été autorisée dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe, alors même que sa dangerosité était connue. Aujourd’hui encore, les conséquences sont dramatiques. Les sols, les cours d’eau, les nappes phréatiques et les espaces maritimes demeurent durablement contaminés. Plus grave encore, des générations entières de nos compatriotes antillais vivent désormais avec l’angoisse permanente de développer des pathologies lourdes – cancer de la prostate, infertilité, troubles neurologiques, méningiomes. Les juridictions administratives ont reconnu les carences fautives et les négligences de l’État [PERSONNE] fut la première responsable politique nationale à donner l’alerte contre ce scandale sanitaire. Depuis des années, nous demandons un véritable plan d’urgence interministériel associant la santé, l’agriculture, l’outre-mer, l’environnement et les finances. Nous proposons un audit écologique et médical complet, un dépistage systématique des populations, le financement massif de la recherche pour dépolluer les terres contaminées, la reconversion des exploitations agricoles, le soutien aux pêcheurs durement touchés ainsi que la création d’un fonds d’indemnisation des victimes. Nos compatriotes ultramarins demandent la justice, la vérité et la protection de leur santé. Il est temps que l’État assume pleinement ses responsabilités et mette enfin un terme à l’abandon de l’outre-mer. Pour toutes ces raisons, nous voterons cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793270",
   "speaker": "Jean-François Rousset",
   "quality": "M. Jean-François Rousset (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p199",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "199",
    "200",
    "201",
    "202"
   ],
   "order": 199,
   "text": "Je tiens tout d’abord à remercier notre collègue rapporteur, Elie Califer, d’avoir porté ce sujet à notre attention. Derrière ce texte, il y a des populations meurtries dans leur santé, dans leur terre, dans leur quotidien, qui attendent depuis trop longtemps que la République prenne ses responsabilités. Le chlordécone utilisé pendant plus de vingt ans dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe a contaminé durablement les sols, les eaux et les corps. Cette molécule est classée cancérigène probable et perturbateur endocrinien ; plusieurs études ont établi une corrélation avec le cancer de la prostate Ainsi, ce texte est bienvenu, et même nécessaire. Le Président de la République avait d’ailleurs solennellement annoncé, en 2018, en Martinique, que l’État prendrait sa part de responsabilité dans ce scandale environnemental. Il appartient désormais au législateur de traduire cet engagement dans la loi : c’est ce que nous faisons aujourd’hui. Toutefois, le groupe Ensemble pour la République est attentif à la précision de cette reconnaissance. La rédaction initiale de la proposition de loi imputait à la seule République française l’ensemble des préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les populations. Cette formulation ne reflète pas la réalité, car les élus locaux et les acteurs économiques portent aussi une part de responsabilité. Reconnaître dans la loi la responsabilité exclusive de l’État aurait risqué de fausser les contentieux à venir. C’est précisément sur ce point que le Sénat a apporté les corrections nécessaires, en remplaçant la notion de « République française » par celle d’« État » et en précisant la part de responsabilité reconnue. Ce faisant, le Sénat a rejoint la position que notre groupe avait défendue dès la première lecture. Ce travail a abouti à un texte équilibré, juridiquement solide et respectueux de la vérité et des faits. En l’état, le groupe Ensemble pour la République soutiendra donc l’adoption conforme de cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 311,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p199",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N50e11c1ac16e",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JPQS",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Je tiens tout d’abord à remercier notre collègue rapporteur, [PERSONNE], d’avoir porté ce sujet à notre attention. Derrière ce texte, il y a des populations meurtries dans leur santé, dans leur terre, dans leur quotidien, qui attendent depuis trop longtemps que la République prenne ses responsabilités. Le chlordécone utilisé pendant plus de vingt ans dans les bananeraies de Martinique et de Guadeloupe a contaminé durablement les sols, les eaux et les corps. Cette molécule est classée cancérigène probable et perturbateur endocrinien ; plusieurs études ont établi une corrélation avec le cancer de la prostate Ainsi, ce texte est bienvenu, et même nécessaire. Le Président de la République avait d’ailleurs solennellement annoncé, en 2018, en Martinique, que l’État prendrait sa part de responsabilité dans ce scandale environnemental. Il appartient désormais au législateur de traduire cet engagement dans la loi : c’est ce que nous faisons aujourd’hui. Toutefois, le groupe [GROUPE] est attentif à la précision de cette reconnaissance. La rédaction initiale de la proposition de loi imputait à la seule République française l’ensemble des préjudices sanitaires, écologiques et économiques subis par les populations. Cette formulation ne reflète pas la réalité, car les élus locaux et les acteurs économiques portent aussi une part de responsabilité. Reconnaître dans la loi la responsabilité exclusive de l’État aurait risqué de fausser les contentieux à venir. C’est précisément sur ce point que le Sénat a apporté les corrections nécessaires, en remplaçant la notion de « République française » par celle d’« État » et en précisant la part de responsabilité reconnue. Ce faisant, le Sénat a rejoint la position que notre groupe avait défendue dès la première lecture. Ce travail a abouti à un texte équilibré, juridiquement solide et respectueux de la vérité et des faits. En l’état, le groupe [GROUPE] soutiendra donc l’adoption conforme de cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p203",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "203",
    "204",
    "205",
    "206",
    "207"
   ],
   "order": 203,
   "text": "Dans quels esprits pétris d’une supériorité coloniale violente et malsaine la persistance du chlordécone a-t-elle pu mûrir au fil des décennies ? Comment ce produit neurotoxique, violent pour les générations présentes et à venir, a-t-il pu être autorisé vingt années de plus aux Antilles qu’aux États-Unis ? L’histoire instruit déjà ce procès, et les responsabilités de l’État doivent être clairement établies Cette proposition de loi commence à tracer un chemin. Nous souhaitons l’emprunter résolument, car trop d’injustice a semé une colère bien compréhensible, que nos collègues guadeloupéens et martiniquais connaissent aussi bien qu’ils l’éprouvent. Nous demandons justice avec eux, et il faudra bien qu’elle soit faite. Le non-lieu prononcé en 2023, même si les juges ont reconnu l’existence d’un scandale sanitaire, a choqué très largement, car il heurtait la réalité vécue par les peuples guadeloupéen et martiniquais. Que notre assemblée vote ce texte serait un symbole fort, alors que la décision de rouvrir ou non l’enquête en appel sera prise le mois prochain. Plus de 10 000 ans : voilà la durée des effets du chlordécone dans les corps, les terres et les eaux. Il se passera autant de temps avant que ces effets se dissipent qu’entre l’invention de l’agriculture et maintenant. La France connaît, à cause du chlordécone, le taux de cancer de la prostate le plus élevé au monde. Ce produit affecte le neurodéveloppement des enfants et crée de l’infertilité chez les femmes. C’est la conjonction du capitalisme et d’une structure coloniale qui a conduit à cette situation aussi violente qu’intolérable. Tout pour les profits, rien pour les travailleurs antillais ! Et la répression s’abat, aveugle à l’injustice. Le 14 février 1974, en Martinique, elle a tué Ilmany Sérier et Georges Marie-Louise, deux ouvriers de la banane en grève pour l’augmentation des salaires et contre l’utilisation du chlordécone. Cinquante ans plus tard, le 16 juillet 2020, à Fort-de-France, elle a tabassé et fracassé le crâne de Keziah Nuissier, un étudiant de 21 ans qui s’opposait au chlordécone. Assez de ce poison ! Le temps de la justice est venu. Le chemin s’ouvre grâce à ce texte, que nous voterons. De ce scandale comme de celui de l’amiante, il nous faudra enfin tirer les leçons. Stop au permis de tuer donné aux multinationales, du glyphosate au cadmium, aux substances per- ou polyfluoroalkylées (Pfas) et à l’acétamipride, que l’on tente encore de réintroduire ! Il faut en finir avec l’empoisonnement du monde.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 402,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p203",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Neccad956d238",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQR",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Dans quels esprits pétris d’une supériorité coloniale violente et malsaine la persistance du chlordécone a-t-elle pu mûrir au fil des décennies ? Comment ce produit neurotoxique, violent pour les générations présentes et à venir, a-t-il pu être autorisé vingt années de plus aux Antilles qu’aux États-Unis ? L’histoire instruit déjà ce procès, et les responsabilités de l’État doivent être clairement établies Cette proposition de loi commence à tracer un chemin. Nous souhaitons l’emprunter résolument, car trop d’injustice a semé une colère bien compréhensible, que nos collègues guadeloupéens et martiniquais connaissent aussi bien qu’ils l’éprouvent. Nous demandons justice avec eux, et il faudra bien qu’elle soit faite. Le non-lieu prononcé en 2023, même si les juges ont reconnu l’existence d’un scandale sanitaire, a choqué très largement, car il heurtait la réalité vécue par les peuples guadeloupéen et martiniquais. Que notre assemblée vote ce texte serait un symbole fort, alors que la décision de rouvrir ou non l’enquête en appel sera prise le mois prochain. Plus de 10 000 ans : voilà la durée des effets du chlordécone dans les corps, les terres et les eaux. Il se passera autant de temps avant que ces effets se dissipent qu’entre l’invention de l’agriculture et maintenant. La France connaît, à cause du chlordécone, le taux de cancer de la prostate le plus élevé au monde. Ce produit affecte le neurodéveloppement des enfants et crée de l’infertilité chez les femmes. C’est la conjonction du capitalisme et d’une structure coloniale qui a conduit à cette situation aussi violente qu’intolérable. Tout pour les profits, rien pour les travailleurs antillais ! Et la répression s’abat, aveugle à l’injustice. Le 14 février 1974, en Martinique, elle a tué Ilmany Sérier et Georges Marie-Louise, deux ouvriers de la banane en grève pour l’augmentation des salaires et contre l’utilisation du chlordécone. Cinquante ans plus tard, le 16 juillet 2020, à Fort-de-France, elle a tabassé et fracassé le crâne de Keziah Nuissier, un étudiant de 21 ans qui s’opposait au chlordécone. Assez de ce poison ! Le temps de la justice est venu. Le chemin s’ouvre grâce à ce texte, que nous voterons. De ce scandale comme de celui de l’amiante, il nous faudra enfin tirer les leçons. Stop au permis de tuer donné aux multinationales, du glyphosate au cadmium, aux substances per- ou polyfluoroalkylées (Pfas) et à l’acétamipride, que l’on tente encore de réintroduire ! Il faut en finir avec l’empoisonnement du monde."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA841091",
   "speaker": "Arnaud Simion",
   "quality": "M. Arnaud Simion (SOC).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845419",
   "group": "SOC",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p208",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "208",
    "209",
    "210",
    "211"
   ],
   "order": 208,
   "text": "La portée de ce texte va au-delà de sa dimension juridique. Alors ce matin, point de polémique. Monsieur Muller, il est faux et mensonger de dire que Marine Le Pen a été la première à donner l’alerte contre le chlordécone. Cette proposition de loi est l’aboutissement d’un long travail parlementaire, engagé par le groupe socialiste pendant la XVe législature et nourri notamment par les travaux de la commission d’enquête sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et du paraquat Ce travail a permis d’établir avec clarté ce que beaucoup savaient déjà : nous ne sommes pas confrontés à une simple erreur d’appréciation ou à un accident de parcours administratif, mais à une décision publique maintenue malgré les alertes, les connaissances scientifiques disponibles et les risques identifiés. Les conclusions de cette commission d’enquête sont sans ambiguïté : l’État a autorisé l’emploi de cette substance et en a prolongé l’usage par des dispositifs dérogatoires alors même que des signaux d’alerte existaient déjà. Cette responsabilité ne peut plus être relativisée ni reportée sur d’autres acteurs. Les conséquences s’en font toujours sentir aujourd’hui. Ce texte a au moins trois ambitions. D’abord, il inscrit dans la loi la reconnaissance explicite de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, moraux, économiques et écologiques subis par les territoires concernés. Ensuite, il élargit l’indemnisation au-delà des seules victimes professionnelles, afin que toutes les personnes contaminées puissent en bénéficier. Enfin, il engage l’État dans une stratégie durable de dépollution des terres et des eaux et fait de la recherche scientifique sur les effets de cette pollution une priorité nationale. En votant ce texte conforme, sans modification, nous permettrons son adoption définitive et enverrons un message clair, celui d’un Parlement qui reconnaît les faits et ouvre enfin la voie à une réparation complète et juste. Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État n’effacera pas les conséquences du passé, mais ce sera une étape essentielle pour restaurer la confiance.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 314,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p208",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N618775e793da",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABJQR",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La portée de ce texte va au-delà de sa dimension juridique. Alors ce matin, point de polémique. Monsieur Muller, il est faux et mensonger de dire que [PERSONNE] a été la première à donner l’alerte contre le chlordécone. Cette proposition de loi est l’aboutissement d’un long travail parlementaire, engagé par le groupe [GROUPE] pendant la XVe législature et nourri notamment par les travaux de la commission d’enquête sur l’utilisation du chlordécone et du paraquat Ce travail a permis d’établir avec clarté ce que beaucoup savaient déjà : nous ne sommes pas confrontés à une simple erreur d’appréciation ou à un accident de parcours administratif, mais à une décision publique maintenue malgré les alertes, les connaissances scientifiques disponibles et les risques identifiés. Les conclusions de cette commission d’enquête sont sans ambiguïté : l’État a autorisé l’emploi de cette substance et en a prolongé l’usage par des dispositifs dérogatoires alors même que des signaux d’alerte existaient déjà. Cette responsabilité ne peut plus être relativisée ni reportée sur d’autres acteurs. Les conséquences s’en font toujours sentir aujourd’hui. Ce texte a au moins trois ambitions. D’abord, il inscrit dans la loi la reconnaissance explicite de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices sanitaires, moraux, économiques et écologiques subis par les territoires concernés. Ensuite, il élargit l’indemnisation au-delà des seules victimes professionnelles, afin que toutes les personnes contaminées puissent en bénéficier. Enfin, il engage l’État dans une stratégie durable de dépollution des terres et des eaux et fait de la recherche scientifique sur les effets de cette pollution une priorité nationale. En votant ce texte conforme, sans modification, nous permettrons son adoption définitive et enverrons un message clair, celui d’un Parlement qui reconnaît les faits et ouvre enfin la voie à une réparation complète et juste. Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État n’effacera pas les conséquences du passé, mais ce sera une étape essentielle pour restaurer la confiance."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720390",
   "speaker": "Jérôme End",
   "quality": "M. Jérôme End (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p212",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "212",
    "213",
    "214",
    "215"
   ],
   "order": 212,
   "text": "Pesticide très toxique, le chlordécone a été massivement utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique afin de lutter contre le charançon de la banane. La quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés par ce pesticide, qui augmente notamment le risque de survenue du cancer de la prostate. Toxique et bioaccumulable, le chlordécone n’est plus utilisé depuis 1993 mais reste présent dans les sols et peut se retrouver dans certaines denrées végétales et animales ainsi que dans certains captages d’eau. La Guadeloupe et la Martinique ne peuvent ainsi vendre les produits agricoles issus des sols contaminés, ni les produits de la mer contaminée Leur population demande depuis de nombreuses années à être reconnue et indemnisée pour le préjudice sanitaire, environnemental et économique qu’elle subit. La prise de conscience de l’État l’a conduit à mettre en œuvre une succession de plans Chlordécone, visant à sensibiliser et à protéger les populations, à soutenir les professionnels touchés et à améliorer les connaissances sur ces produits. Le présent texte propose d’aller plus loin en reconnaissant la responsabilité de la République française dans les préjudices subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique et par leur population, en enjoignant à l’État d’établir un objectif de dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et d’ériger comme priorité nationale la recherche scientifique sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la molécule, en fixant un objectif d’indemnisation des victimes de contamination et de leur territoire, en prévoyant un rapport sur une possible extension du périmètre du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides et un autre établissant la présence ou l’absence de chlordécone dans les sols du territoire national, et enfin en inscrivant dans la loi les objectifs de la stratégie Chlordécone. Il est absolument nécessaire d’éviter qu’un tel drame se reproduise et d’apporter une réponse à toutes les victimes du chlordécone. C’est pourquoi le groupe Droite Républicaine souscrit à l’objectif de ce texte. Depuis 1999, la droite a été la première à édicter un ensemble de mesures sanitaires et agronomiques de protection contre les effets du chlordécone. C’est François Fillon, alors Premier ministre, qui a élaboré pour la première fois, en 2008, un plan Chlordécone reposant sur quarante actions et fédérant l’action de sept ministères et quinze organismes de recherche. Notre groupe veillera toutefois à ce que cette proposition de loi ne serve pas de prétexte pour définir un écocide – nous en avions débattu en première lecture. C’est à la justice qu’il revient de trancher sur d’éventuelles responsabilités pénales en instruisant les plaintes déposées.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 425,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p212",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N5c9c690d32c3",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJMPQRS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Pesticide très toxique, le chlordécone a été massivement utilisé entre 1972 et 1993 dans les bananeraies de Guadeloupe et de Martinique afin de lutter contre le charançon de la banane. La quasi-totalité des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais ont été contaminés par ce pesticide, qui augmente notamment le risque de survenue du cancer de la prostate. Toxique et bioaccumulable, le chlordécone n’est plus utilisé depuis 1993 mais reste présent dans les sols et peut se retrouver dans certaines denrées végétales et animales ainsi que dans certains captages d’eau. La Guadeloupe et la Martinique ne peuvent ainsi vendre les produits agricoles issus des sols contaminés, ni les produits de la mer contaminée Leur population demande depuis de nombreuses années à être reconnue et indemnisée pour le préjudice sanitaire, environnemental et économique qu’elle subit. La prise de conscience de l’État l’a conduit à mettre en œuvre une succession de plans Chlordécone, visant à sensibiliser et à protéger les populations, à soutenir les professionnels touchés et à améliorer les connaissances sur ces produits. Le présent texte propose d’aller plus loin en reconnaissant la responsabilité de la République française dans les préjudices subis par les territoires de Guadeloupe et de Martinique et par leur population, en enjoignant à l’État d’établir un objectif de dépollution des terres et des eaux contaminées et d’ériger comme priorité nationale la recherche scientifique sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la molécule, en fixant un objectif d’indemnisation des victimes de contamination et de leur territoire, en prévoyant un rapport sur une possible extension du périmètre du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides et un autre établissant la présence ou l’absence de chlordécone dans les sols du territoire national, et enfin en inscrivant dans la loi les objectifs de la stratégie Chlordécone. Il est absolument nécessaire d’éviter qu’un tel drame se reproduise et d’apporter une réponse à toutes les victimes du chlordécone. C’est pourquoi le groupe [GROUPE] souscrit à l’objectif de ce texte. Depuis 1999, la droite a été la première à édicter un ensemble de mesures sanitaires et agronomiques de protection contre les effets du chlordécone. C’est [PERSONNE], alors Premier ministre, qui a élaboré pour la première fois, en 2008, un plan Chlordécone reposant sur quarante actions et fédérant l’action de sept ministères et quinze organismes de recherche. Notre groupe veillera toutefois à ce que cette proposition de loi ne serve pas de prétexte pour définir un écocide – nous en avions débattu en première lecture. C’est à la justice qu’il revient de trancher sur d’éventuelles responsabilités pénales en instruisant les plaintes déposées."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p216",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "216",
    "217",
    "218"
   ],
   "order": 216,
   "text": "Entre ce qui se passe dans l’hémicycle sur le projet de loi d’urgence agricole et ce qu’on entend dans cette commission, la dissonance cognitive guette ! Il y a des scandales qui ne vieillissent pas : le chlordécone, trente ans après, conserve toute sa gravité. De 1972 à 1993, cet insecticide cancérigène a été répandu à mains nues sur les terres de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. L’État le savait dangereux dès les années 1970, mais n’a rien fait, par mépris pour les Antillais et par soumission aux exigences du profit. Pire, il a sciemment laissé, pendant plus de vingt ans, intoxiquer les terres et empoisonner les gens ; en 1974, il a réprimé dans le sang les manifestations des ouvriers agricoles qui demandaient l’interdiction de ce produit. Résultat de ce crime colonial : des sols, des terres agricoles, contaminés pour des centaines d’années ; des traces dans le sang de 90 % des Antillais ; un taux d’incidence du cancer de la prostate parmi les plus élevés au monde ; des cancers du sein, de l’utérus, de l’estomac ; des cas d’endométriose pour les femmes, notamment les ouvrières non déclarées – parce que, oui, il y avait des ouvrières non déclarées.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 201,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p216",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N7da9e72bfd44",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJPQ",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Entre ce qui se passe dans l’hémicycle sur le projet de loi d’urgence agricole et ce qu’on entend dans cette commission, la dissonance cognitive guette ! Il y a des scandales qui ne vieillissent pas : le chlordécone, trente ans après, conserve toute sa gravité. De 1972 à 1993, cet insecticide cancérigène a été répandu à mains nues sur les terres de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. L’État le savait dangereux dès les années 1970, mais n’a rien fait, par mépris pour les Antillais et par soumission aux exigences du profit. Pire, il a sciemment laissé, pendant plus de vingt ans, intoxiquer les terres et empoisonner les gens ; en 1974, il a réprimé dans le sang les manifestations des ouvriers agricoles qui demandaient l’interdiction de ce produit. Résultat de ce crime colonial : des sols, des terres agricoles, contaminés pour des centaines d’années ; des traces dans le sang de 90 % des Antillais ; un taux d’incidence du cancer de la prostate parmi les plus élevés au monde ; des cancers du sein, de l’utérus, de l’estomac ; des cas d’endométriose pour les femmes, notamment les ouvrières non déclarées – parce que, oui, il y avait des ouvrières non déclarées."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793556",
   "speaker": "Sabine Gervais",
   "quality": "Mme Sabine Gervais (Dem).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845454",
   "group": "DEM",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p224",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "224",
    "225",
    "226",
    "227",
    "228",
    "229",
    "230"
   ],
   "order": 224,
   "text": "Nous abordons aujourd’hui un sujet particulièrement sensible, tant il suscite d’émotions, d’incompréhension et de colère chez nos compatriotes antillais. Le chlordécone a été répandu sur les bananeraies de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe pendant plus de vingt ans, dont trois au-delà de son interdiction officielle en raison de sa dangerosité avérée. En raison de sa rémanence, la molécule a continué de contaminer les sols, les eaux, la faune, la flore et malheureusement aussi la population, en particulier par le biais de la chaîne alimentaire Face aux conséquences durables de cette pollution sur la santé, l’environnement, l’agriculture et l’économie locale, associations et élus se battent depuis des années pour obtenir la reconnaissance d’un scandale sanitaire, une réparation et une prise en charge des victimes. La proposition de loi d’Elie Califer constitue une nouvelle expression de ce combat. Ces demandes sont légitimes. Il existe de toute évidence une responsabilité partagée entre les acteurs économiques, les scientifiques et les gouvernements de l’époque, qui ont, en toute connaissance de cause, autorisé l’épandage de produits à base de chlordécone à titre dérogatoire jusqu’en 1993. Ceux qui ont fabriqué, ceux qui ont autorisé et ceux qui ont utilisé le chlordécone sont conjointement responsables. Le dire ne revient pas à exonérer l’État de sa responsabilité. En 2018, le Président de la République, Emmanuel Macron, a reconnu solennellement que l’État devait prendre sa part de responsabilité dans cette pollution, invitant à avancer sur le chemin de la réparation et des projets. C’était là un acte politique important, auquel nombre de gouvernants s’étaient jusqu’alors refusés. Depuis, l’État a multiplié les réponses concrètes : plans Chlordécone successifs, gratuité des tests sanguins, reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate comme maladie professionnelle, inclusion de l’exposition au chlordécone parmi les causes de prise en charge par le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides, compensation des dommages économiques, soutien financier à la recherche. Pour autant, nous sommes ici en présence de demandes d’une autre nature. Nos compatriotes antillais adressent à l’État une demande de plus grande transparence. Ils veulent que cet événement soit inscrit dans la mémoire collective. C’est un premier pas vers la guérison, et aussi pour réparer la confiance et éviter que des événements identiques ne se reproduisent à l’avenir. Nous y voyons une réponse nécessaire à un ressentiment légitime profondément ancré dans la relation entre les Antilles et la métropole. Nous serons toutefois attentifs aux conséquences juridiques qu’engendrerait une reconnaissance inédite de la responsabilité de l’État. Une formulation mal calibrée pourrait ouvrir des contentieux sans mieux protéger les victimes. C’est pourquoi nous veillerons à ce que la rédaction de ce texte soit améliorée, afin d’être à la hauteur de ses ambitions. C’est dans cet esprit que Les Démocrates voteront en faveur de cette proposition de loi.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 456,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p224",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N1e955401b5bb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BEJMPQR",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Nous abordons aujourd’hui un sujet particulièrement sensible, tant il suscite d’émotions, d’incompréhension et de colère chez nos compatriotes antillais. Le chlordécone a été répandu sur les bananeraies de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe pendant plus de vingt ans, dont trois au-delà de son interdiction officielle en raison de sa dangerosité avérée. En raison de sa rémanence, la molécule a continué de contaminer les sols, les eaux, la faune, la flore et malheureusement aussi la population, en particulier par le biais de la chaîne alimentaire Face aux conséquences durables de cette pollution sur la santé, l’environnement, l’agriculture et l’économie locale, associations et élus se battent depuis des années pour obtenir la reconnaissance d’un scandale sanitaire, une réparation et une prise en charge des victimes. La proposition de loi d’[PERSONNE] constitue une nouvelle expression de ce combat. Ces demandes sont légitimes. Il existe de toute évidence une responsabilité partagée entre les acteurs économiques, les scientifiques et les gouvernements de l’époque, qui ont, en toute connaissance de cause, autorisé l’épandage de produits à base de chlordécone à titre dérogatoire jusqu’en 1993. Ceux qui ont fabriqué, ceux qui ont autorisé et ceux qui ont utilisé le chlordécone sont conjointement responsables. Le dire ne revient pas à exonérer l’État de sa responsabilité. En 2018, le Président de la République, [PERSONNE], a reconnu solennellement que l’État devait prendre sa part de responsabilité dans cette pollution, invitant à avancer sur le chemin de la réparation et des projets. C’était là un acte politique important, auquel nombre de gouvernants s’étaient jusqu’alors refusés. Depuis, l’État a multiplié les réponses concrètes : plans Chlordécone successifs, gratuité des tests sanguins, reconnaissance du cancer de la prostate comme maladie professionnelle, inclusion de l’exposition au chlordécone parmi les causes de prise en charge par le fonds d’indemnisation des victimes de pesticides, compensation des dommages économiques, soutien financier à la recherche. Pour autant, nous sommes ici en présence de demandes d’une autre nature. Nos compatriotes antillais adressent à l’État une demande de plus grande transparence. Ils veulent que cet événement soit inscrit dans la mémoire collective. C’est un premier pas vers la guérison, et aussi pour réparer la confiance et éviter que des événements identiques ne se reproduisent à l’avenir. Nous y voyons une réponse nécessaire à un ressentiment légitime profondément ancré dans la relation entre les Antilles et la métropole. Nous serons toutefois attentifs aux conséquences juridiques qu’engendrerait une reconnaissance inédite de la responsabilité de l’État. Une formulation mal calibrée pourrait ouvrir des contentieux sans mieux protéger les victimes. C’est pourquoi nous veillerons à ce que la rédaction de ce texte soit améliorée, afin d’être à la hauteur de ses ambitions. C’est dans cet esprit que [GROUPE] voteront en faveur de cette proposition de loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA794518",
   "speaker": "Pierre Marle",
   "quality": "M. Pierre Marle (HOR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845470",
   "group": "HOR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p231",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "231",
    "232",
    "233",
    "234",
    "235"
   ],
   "order": 231,
   "text": "Cette proposition de loi, déposée par le groupe Socialistes et apparentés, vise à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le drame de la chlordécone, à fixer des objectifs de dépollution et à établir un principe général d’indemnisation des victimes Personne ici n’ignore l’ampleur de la contamination. Pendant des décennies, ce pesticide a imprégné les sols, les eaux et les corps en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Dès 2018, le Président de la République a, le premier, reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce scandale environnemental et sanitaire. La rédaction initiale de la proposition de loi soulevait deux difficultés majeures : elle imputait à l’État une responsabilité pleine et entière, passant sous silence la part des autres acteurs ; et elle n’avait pas de portée normative. La navette parlementaire a permis d’y apporter des réponses substantielles. En premier lieu, l’adoption au Sénat d’un amendement de la rapporteure a précisé que l’État a « sa part » de responsabilité, ce qui, sans amoindrir cette reconnaissance, est davantage conforme à la réalité des coresponsabilités, comme les juridictions l’ont elles‑mêmes admis. En deuxième lieu, le texte issu du Sénat ancre désormais dans la loi les ambitions de la stratégie Chlordécone, un nouvel article 1er ter prévoyant que l’État « élabore et met en œuvre une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée » définie par arrêté ministériel. Enfin, la suppression par le Sénat de la taxe de 15 % sur les bénéfices de l’industrie phytosanitaire rétablit le caractère strictement déclaratif du gage financier sans créer de fiscalité nouvelle de circonstance. Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, le groupe Horizons & Indépendants votera en faveur de ce texte tel que modifié par le Sénat.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 275,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p231",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6a030f7d31a1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Cette proposition de loi, déposée par le groupe [GROUPE], vise à reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État dans le drame de la chlordécone, à fixer des objectifs de dépollution et à établir un principe général d’indemnisation des victimes Personne ici n’ignore l’ampleur de la contamination. Pendant des décennies, ce pesticide a imprégné les sols, les eaux et les corps en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Dès 2018, le Président de la République a, le premier, reconnu la part de responsabilité de l’État dans ce scandale environnemental et sanitaire. La rédaction initiale de la proposition de loi soulevait deux difficultés majeures : elle imputait à l’État une responsabilité pleine et entière, passant sous silence la part des autres acteurs ; et elle n’avait pas de portée normative. La navette parlementaire a permis d’y apporter des réponses substantielles. En premier lieu, l’adoption au Sénat d’un amendement de la rapporteure a précisé que l’État a « sa part » de responsabilité, ce qui, sans amoindrir cette reconnaissance, est davantage conforme à la réalité des coresponsabilités, comme les juridictions l’ont elles‑mêmes admis. En deuxième lieu, le texte issu du Sénat ancre désormais dans la loi les ambitions de la stratégie Chlordécone, un nouvel article 1er ter prévoyant que l’État « élabore et met en œuvre une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée » définie par arrêté ministériel. Enfin, la suppression par le Sénat de la taxe de 15 % sur les bénéfices de l’industrie phytosanitaire rétablit le caractère strictement déclaratif du gage financier sans créer de fiscalité nouvelle de circonstance. Pour l’ensemble de ces raisons, le groupe [GROUPE] votera en faveur de ce texte tel que modifié par le Sénat."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA793214",
   "speaker": "Audrey Abadie-Amiel",
   "quality": "Mme Audrey Abadie-Amiel (LIOT).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845485",
   "group": "LIOT",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p236",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "236",
    "237",
    "238",
    "239"
   ],
   "order": 236,
   "text": "Nous souhaitons d’abord remercier notre rapporteur pour son travail sur ce texte essentiel, en particulier pour les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Après avoir soutenu ce texte en première lecture, notre groupe fera bien sûr de même en deuxième lecture Pourtant, l’examen au Sénat nous laisse un sentiment contrasté, plusieurs avancées importantes adoptées à l’Assemblée nationale ayant malheureusement été remises en cause. Le Sénat a ainsi supprimé la mention des territoires parmi les bénéficiaires du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes. Nous regrettons également que la notion de préjudice moral d’anxiété ait été retirée du champ de la responsabilité de l’État. Cette notion, qui recouvre les conséquences psychologiques résultant de la conscience de courir un risque élevé de développer une pathologie grave, avait pourtant été ajoutée en commission au Sénat. Elle a été supprimée après une seconde délibération demandée par le Gouvernement et alors même que la cour administrative d’appel de Paris estimait que ce préjudice était établi pour plusieurs victimes. De la même manière, nous déplorons la disparition d’un objectif que nous avions fait introduire par amendement à l’Assemblée nationale : celui de déployer une campagne de dépistage du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Toutefois, le Sénat a aussi apporté des améliorations. Le renforcement des objectifs de recherche sur les pathologies liées à l’exposition au chlordécone, notamment pour les femmes, va dans le bon sens, et l’inscription dans la loi d’une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée à la lutte contre les conséquences de la pollution au chlordécone nous paraît utile pour donner un caractère plus concret et plus durable aux engagements pris par l’État. Le groupe LIOT aurait souhaité soutenir des amendements permettant de renforcer l’indemnisation des victimes et des territoires, d’améliorer le dépistage et la prise en charge sanitaire et de continuer à faire toute la lumière sur le scandale du chlordécone. Néanmoins, nous nous rangerons à l’avis du rapporteur, qui souhaite une adoption conforme afin que ce texte si important puisse entrer en vigueur dans les meilleurs délais.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 335,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p236",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N4d2a1ba6578f",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BMPQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous souhaitons d’abord remercier notre rapporteur pour son travail sur ce texte essentiel, en particulier pour les populations de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Après avoir soutenu ce texte en première lecture, notre groupe fera bien sûr de même en deuxième lecture Pourtant, l’examen au Sénat nous laisse un sentiment contrasté, plusieurs avancées importantes adoptées à l’Assemblée nationale ayant malheureusement été remises en cause. Le Sénat a ainsi supprimé la mention des territoires parmi les bénéficiaires du fonds d’indemnisation des victimes. Nous regrettons également que la notion de préjudice moral d’anxiété ait été retirée du champ de la responsabilité de l’État. Cette notion, qui recouvre les conséquences psychologiques résultant de la conscience de courir un risque élevé de développer une pathologie grave, avait pourtant été ajoutée en commission au Sénat. Elle a été supprimée après une seconde délibération demandée par le Gouvernement et alors même que la cour administrative d’appel de Paris estimait que ce préjudice était établi pour plusieurs victimes. De la même manière, nous déplorons la disparition d’un objectif que nous avions fait introduire par amendement à l’Assemblée nationale : celui de déployer une campagne de dépistage du cancer de la prostate dès 45 ans en Guadeloupe et en Martinique. Toutefois, le Sénat a aussi apporté des améliorations. Le renforcement des objectifs de recherche sur les pathologies liées à l’exposition au chlordécone, notamment pour les femmes, va dans le bon sens, et l’inscription dans la loi d’une stratégie pluriannuelle dédiée à la lutte contre les conséquences de la pollution au chlordécone nous paraît utile pour donner un caractère plus concret et plus durable aux engagements pris par l’État. Le groupe LIOT aurait souhaité soutenir des amendements permettant de renforcer l’indemnisation des victimes et des territoires, d’améliorer le dépistage et la prise en charge sanitaire et de continuer à faire toute la lumière sur le scandale du chlordécone. Néanmoins, nous nous rangerons à l’avis du rapporteur, qui souhaite une adoption conforme afin que ce texte si important puisse entrer en vigueur dans les meilleurs délais."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA719968",
   "speaker": "Sylvie Bonnet",
   "quality": "Mme Sylvie Bonnet (DR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845425",
   "group": "DR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p241",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "241",
    "242",
    "243",
    "244"
   ],
   "order": 241,
   "text": "Le dossier du chlordécone est l’un des plus graves scandales sanitaires et environnementaux de la République. Ce drame national est aussi social, économique et profondément humain. C’est notre capacité collective à protéger nos concitoyens, à reconnaître les erreurs et à les réparer qui est en jeu. Nous devons être à la hauteur, et pour cela garantir la transparence totale sur les données scientifiques, accélérer les dépistages et la prise en charge médicale, soutenir les agriculteurs et les filières économiques touchées, renforcer la recherche pour dépolluer les sols et surtout tenir nos engagements envers les populations qui vivent depuis des décennies avec cette contamination Le chlordécone n’est pas un sujet du passé, c’est une responsabilité du présent et c’est un devoir pour l’avenir, le devoir de ne plus jamais laisser les intérêts économiques primer sur la santé publique. Le chlordécone est un scandale d’État : pendant vingt ans, on a autorisé un poison ; les sols sont maintenant contaminés pour des siècles et 90 % des Antillais ont été exposés. Oui, l’État a sa part de responsabilité. Oui, on doit réparer. C’est l’objet de ce texte équilibré. Le groupe Droite Républicaine le votera, pour trois raisons : la justice, la cohérence et la clarté. Mais voter ne suffit pas. Il faudra ensuite des actes et des crédits. Nous y veillerons.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 219,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p241",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N67fe197a6463",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ABEIMPQRSV",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Droite",
   "analysis_text": "Le dossier du chlordécone est l’un des plus graves scandales sanitaires et environnementaux de la République. Ce drame national est aussi social, économique et profondément humain. C’est notre capacité collective à protéger nos concitoyens, à reconnaître les erreurs et à les réparer qui est en jeu. Nous devons être à la hauteur, et pour cela garantir la transparence totale sur les données scientifiques, accélérer les dépistages et la prise en charge médicale, soutenir les agriculteurs et les filières économiques touchées, renforcer la recherche pour dépolluer les sols et surtout tenir nos engagements envers les populations qui vivent depuis des décennies avec cette contamination Le chlordécone n’est pas un sujet du passé, c’est une responsabilité du présent et c’est un devoir pour l’avenir, le devoir de ne plus jamais laisser les intérêts économiques primer sur la santé publique. Le chlordécone est un scandale d’État : pendant vingt ans, on a autorisé un poison ; les sols sont maintenant contaminés pour des siècles et 90 % des Antillais ont été exposés. Oui, l’État a sa part de responsabilité. Oui, on doit réparer. C’est l’objet de ce texte équilibré. Le groupe [GROUPE] le votera, pour trois raisons : la justice, la cohérence et la clarté. Mais voter ne suffit pas. Il faudra ensuite des actes et des crédits. Nous y veillerons."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p245",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "245",
    "246",
    "247",
    "248",
    "249",
    "250",
    "251",
    "252"
   ],
   "order": 245,
   "text": "Merci pour vos interventions diverses. Plusieurs d’entre vous ont revendiqué la paternité, ou la maternité, de l’alerte lancée au sujet du chlordécone : je crois que ce sont surtout les populations des Antilles et les associations qui ont, depuis trente ans, fait connaître ce problème Je ne peux que saluer le fait que la représentation nationale, dans toute sa diversité, y soit maintenant sensible. Je m’en féliciterai d’autant plus si cela nous mène vers un vote conforme : face à la souffrance de nos territoires, nous devons avancer avec le texte tel qu’il nous arrive du Sénat. Merci à ceux et celles qui ont insisté sur la responsabilité de l’État : il y avait tout de même une autorisation de mise sur le marché, c’est-à-dire une étape de vérification par une commission de l’innocuité du produit que l’on mettait en circulation. Merci aussi à ceux et celles qui ont exprimé de la compassion et de l’affection pour nos territoires ; j’aimerais que ces sentiments se traduisent en soutien concret à d’autres moments. Je voudrais surtout dire que, quel que soit le territoire concerné, l’État doit assumer ses responsabilités. Je n’aime pas beaucoup ce terme, mais on ne peut que penser ici à des relents coloniaux : comment expliquer autrement qu’un produit interdit au niveau national ait continué à être autorisé sur nos deux territoires ? Quand bien même ce serait sous la pression, c’est bien l’État qui a pris cette décision. Il me semble néanmoins, en tant que rapporteur, que nous pouvons dépasser ces polémiques et accepter la formulation du Sénat. Merci enfin à Mme Rousseau d’avoir rappelé dans quelles conditions les ouvriers agricoles ont utilisé ce produit, sans équipements de protection, à la main. Ces méthodes ont provoqué des décès en série, ce qui a provoqué la réaction des syndicats. Nous sentons bien une prise de conscience, pour le présent comme pour l’avenir. Ce scandale est maintenant reconnu comme tel. Même si le texte est imparfait, il ne dénature pas profondément la proposition de loi que nous avions votée il y a deux ans et demi déjà. C’est pourquoi je vous propose d’envoyer un signe d’apaisement attendu de nos populations en le votant tel qu’il est.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "travaux de la commission",
   "article": "Article 2Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p165",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 367,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p245",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N89a355a9d0fc",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BIQ",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Merci pour vos interventions diverses. Plusieurs d’entre vous ont revendiqué la paternité, ou la maternité, de l’alerte lancée au sujet du chlordécone : je crois que ce sont surtout les populations des Antilles et les associations qui ont, depuis trente ans, fait connaître ce problème Je ne peux que saluer le fait que la représentation nationale, dans toute sa diversité, y soit maintenant sensible. Je m’en féliciterai d’autant plus si cela nous mène vers un vote conforme : face à la souffrance de nos territoires, nous devons avancer avec le texte tel qu’il nous arrive du Sénat. Merci à ceux et celles qui ont insisté sur la responsabilité de l’État : il y avait tout de même une autorisation de mise sur le marché, c’est-à-dire une étape de vérification par une commission de l’innocuité du produit que l’on mettait en circulation. Merci aussi à ceux et celles qui ont exprimé de la compassion et de l’affection pour nos territoires ; j’aimerais que ces sentiments se traduisent en soutien concret à d’autres moments. Je voudrais surtout dire que, quel que soit le territoire concerné, l’État doit assumer ses responsabilités. Je n’aime pas beaucoup ce terme, mais on ne peut que penser ici à des relents coloniaux : comment expliquer autrement qu’un produit interdit au niveau national ait continué à être autorisé sur nos deux territoires ? Quand bien même ce serait sous la pression, c’est bien l’État qui a pris cette décision. Il me semble néanmoins, en tant que rapporteur, que nous pouvons dépasser ces polémiques et accepter la formulation du Sénat. Merci enfin à Mme Rousseau d’avoir rappelé dans quelles conditions les ouvriers agricoles ont utilisé ce produit, sans équipements de protection, à la main. Ces méthodes ont provoqué des décès en série, ce qui a provoqué la réaction des syndicats. Nous sentons bien une prise de conscience, pour le présent comme pour l’avenir. Ce scandale est maintenant reconnu comme tel. Même si le texte est imparfait, il ne dénature pas profondément la proposition de loi que nous avions votée il y a deux ans et demi déjà. C’est pourquoi je vous propose d’envoyer un signe d’apaisement attendu de nos populations en le votant tel qu’il est."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842013",
   "speaker": "Steevy Gustave",
   "quality": "M. Steevy Gustave (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p256",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "256",
    "257",
    "258"
   ],
   "order": 256,
   "text": "L’arrêt du 11 mars 2025 de la cour administrative d’appel de Paris a reconnu le préjudice d’anxiété au profit des victimes de l’exposition au chlordécone. Cet amendement appelle à inscrire cette reconnaissance dans la loi Cette notion avait déjà été introduite au Sénat à l’initiative du sénateur Dominique Théophile dans le cadre de sa proposition de loi relative à la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et à l’indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone. Cette reconnaissance constitue une avancée significative, ouvrant la voie à une indemnisation des personnes exposées à la molécule sans qu’une pathologie soit nécessairement déclarée.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS7 de M. Steevy Gustave et AS12 de Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 97,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p256",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N51ce856dab3c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BJR",
   "s": "IR",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’arrêt du 11 mars 2025 de la cour administrative d’appel de Paris a reconnu le préjudice d’anxiété au profit des victimes de l’exposition au chlordécone. Cet amendement appelle à inscrire cette reconnaissance dans la loi Cette notion avait déjà été introduite au Sénat à l’initiative du sénateur [PERSONNE] dans le cadre de sa proposition de loi relative à la reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État et à l’indemnisation des victimes du chlordécone. Cette reconnaissance constitue une avancée significative, ouvrant la voie à une indemnisation des personnes exposées à la molécule sans qu’une pathologie soit nécessairement déclarée."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p259",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "259",
    "260",
    "261"
   ],
   "order": 259,
   "text": "Nous vous avons bien entendu, monsieur le rapporteur. Vous nous permettrez de présenter nos amendements, afin que vous leur apportiez une réponse ; ensuite, nous les retirerons Nous aussi souhaiterions réintroduire le préjudice d’anxiété, supprimé en séance au Sénat. Je rappelle que ce préjudice est reconnu depuis 2010 pour les victimes de l’exposition à l’amiante. La cour administrative d’appel de Paris, en 2025, a été très claire : l’État doit indemniser les victimes qui démontrent un préjudice moral d’anxiété, c’est-à-dire qui ont été exposées mais n’ont pas encore développé de pathologie reconnue. Il s’agit donc de reconnaître l’angoisse que vivent nombre de travailleurs exposés au chlordécone, qui est en effet un scandale non seulement du passé et du présent, mais aussi de l’avenir. Il aurait donc été important d’inscrire le préjudice d’anxiété dans la loi.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS7 de M. Steevy Gustave et AS12 de Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 135,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p259",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N50586d8d660c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "JQ",
   "s": "IV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous vous avons bien entendu, monsieur le rapporteur. Vous nous permettrez de présenter nos amendements, afin que vous leur apportiez une réponse ; ensuite, nous les retirerons Nous aussi souhaiterions réintroduire le préjudice d’anxiété, supprimé en séance au Sénat. Je rappelle que ce préjudice est reconnu depuis 2010 pour les victimes de l’exposition à l’amiante. La cour administrative d’appel de Paris, en 2025, a été très claire : l’État doit indemniser les victimes qui démontrent un préjudice moral d’anxiété, c’est-à-dire qui ont été exposées mais n’ont pas encore développé de pathologie reconnue. Il s’agit donc de reconnaître l’angoisse que vivent nombre de travailleurs exposés au chlordécone, qui est en effet un scandale non seulement du passé et du présent, mais aussi de l’avenir. Il aurait donc été important d’inscrire le préjudice d’anxiété dans la loi."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p262",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "262",
    "263",
    "264",
    "265"
   ],
   "order": 262,
   "text": "Il était important que vous vous exprimiez sur ce sujet et que ce débat ait lieu. La disparition de cette notion de préjudice moral d’anxiété peut surprendre, surtout dans le contexte de l’arrêt de la cour administrative d’appel du 11 mars 2025, qui reconnaît ce préjudice pour le chlordécone, et du pourvoi en cassation formé par le Gouvernement à la suite de cet arrêt. Politiquement, nous sommes en plein accord avec vous et voudrions que ce soit écrit dans la loi ; mais, dans ma position de rapporteur, je veux que nous avancions et dois adopter une position de raison Je dois aussi souligner que votre amendement est en réalité satisfait par la rédaction actuelle du texte, qui reconnaît un préjudice moral. Cette notion recouvre en droit toutes les atteintes non matérielles subies par une personne. Elle peut désigner des atteintes à l’honneur, à la réputation ou à la dignité, comme des souffrances psychologiques, liées par exemple à la perte d’un proche mais aussi à l’anxiété, à l’humiliation, à une perte de qualité de vie. La notion de préjudice d’anxiété, les juristes nous l’ont assuré, est ainsi englobée dans celle de préjudice moral. Cette dernière est même plus large, et votre amendement restreindrait le champ du préjudice reconnu. Nous pouvons donc être rassérénés. Je vous invite à retirer vos amendements. Les amendements sont retirés.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements identiques AS7 de M. Steevy Gustave et AS12 de Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 224,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p262",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N2cb8b93cec41",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Il était important que vous vous exprimiez sur ce sujet et que ce débat ait lieu. La disparition de cette notion de préjudice moral d’anxiété peut surprendre, surtout dans le contexte de l’arrêt de la cour administrative d’appel du 11 mars 2025, qui reconnaît ce préjudice pour le chlordécone, et du pourvoi en cassation formé par le Gouvernement à la suite de cet arrêt. Politiquement, nous sommes en plein accord avec vous et voudrions que ce soit écrit dans la loi ; mais, dans ma position de rapporteur, je veux que nous avancions et dois adopter une position de raison Je dois aussi souligner que votre amendement est en réalité satisfait par la rédaction actuelle du texte, qui reconnaît un préjudice moral. Cette notion recouvre en droit toutes les atteintes non matérielles subies par une personne. Elle peut désigner des atteintes à l’honneur, à la réputation ou à la dignité, comme des souffrances psychologiques, liées par exemple à la perte d’un proche mais aussi à l’anxiété, à l’humiliation, à une perte de qualité de vie. La notion de préjudice d’anxiété, les juristes nous l’ont assuré, est ainsi englobée dans celle de préjudice moral. Cette dernière est même plus large, et votre amendement restreindrait le champ du préjudice reconnu. Nous pouvons donc être rassérénés. Je vous invite à retirer vos amendements. Les amendements sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p267",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "267",
    "268",
    "269"
   ],
   "order": 267,
   "text": "Je salue les efforts du rapporteur, qui, malgré son amertume, prend le temps de nous exposer les raisons pour lesquelles il s’oppose à des amendements auxquels il adhère profondément Le 14 février 1952, au Moule, en Guadeloupe, la mobilisation des ouvriers de la canne en faveur de meilleures rémunérations et de conditions de travail dignes fut violemment réprimée par les CRS, dont les tirs causèrent la mort de quatre manifestants et firent de nombreux blessés. Le 14 février 1974, en Martinique, des ouvriers agricoles en grève sur l’habitation Chalvet, à Basse-Pointe, réclamaient l’amélioration de leurs conditions de travail, une juste rémunération ainsi que la suppression des produits toxiques utilisés dans les plantations bananières. Là encore, la réponse des autorités fut particulièrement violente, provoquant la mort d’Ilmany Sérier et de Georges Marie-Louise et faisant plusieurs blessés graves. Alors que les conséquences de l’usage massif de pesticides toxiques, notamment le chlordécone, continuent d’affecter durablement les populations antillaises, il paraît nécessaire que la République reconnaisse officiellement les victimes de ces luttes. L’instauration d’un jour férié de mémoire et de recueillement en hommage aux ouvriers agricoles de Guadeloupe et de Martinique victimes de la répression étatique, le 14 février, le permettrait. C’est l’objet de cet amendement – que je m’empresserai de retirer une fois que le rapporteur m’aura signifié son adhésion mais son désaccord.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 220,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p267",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N039aa6a854f4",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "V",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je salue les efforts du rapporteur, qui, malgré son amertume, prend le temps de nous exposer les raisons pour lesquelles il s’oppose à des amendements auxquels il adhère profondément Le 14 février 1952, au Moule, en Guadeloupe, la mobilisation des ouvriers de la canne en faveur de meilleures rémunérations et de conditions de travail dignes fut violemment réprimée par les CRS, dont les tirs causèrent la mort de quatre manifestants et firent de nombreux blessés. Le 14 février 1974, en Martinique, des ouvriers agricoles en grève sur l’habitation Chalvet, à Basse-Pointe, réclamaient l’amélioration de leurs conditions de travail, une juste rémunération ainsi que la suppression des produits toxiques utilisés dans les plantations bananières. Là encore, la réponse des autorités fut particulièrement violente, provoquant la mort d’Ilmany Sérier et de Georges Marie-Louise et faisant plusieurs blessés graves. Alors que les conséquences de l’usage massif de pesticides toxiques, notamment le chlordécone, continuent d’affecter durablement les populations antillaises, il paraît nécessaire que la République reconnaisse officiellement les victimes de ces luttes. L’instauration d’un jour férié de mémoire et de recueillement en hommage aux ouvriers agricoles de Guadeloupe et de Martinique victimes de la répression étatique, le 14 février, le permettrait. C’est l’objet de cet amendement – que je m’empresserai de retirer une fois que le rapporteur m’aura signifié son adhésion mais son désaccord."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p270",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "270",
    "271",
    "272",
    "273",
    "274",
    "275"
   ],
   "order": 270,
   "text": "Depuis que ce texte est ressorti du Sénat, je me demande ce que je pourrai bien vous répondre lorsque vous commencerez à faire entendre votre point de vue. Merci de le faire dans cette tonalité Cet amendement a trait à des événements très douloureux qui ont marqué la mémoire antillaise. Le fait est qu’une répression féroce a imposé un lourd tribut aux ouvriers de la banane et de la canne qui se sont dressés pour réclamer une vie et des salaires dignes. C’est aussi leur mémoire que nous défendons ici, parfois dans une certaine incompréhension – même si le président de notre commission a pu, en tant qu’ancien président de la Fédération hospitalière de France, apprécier la résilience de nos territoires. L’élu local que je suis depuis quelques années aurait pu être d’accord avec vous – pourquoi pas ? La date du 14 février est lourde de symboles pour tous les Antillais, et les répressions de 1952 et de 1974 sont encore très présentes dans la mémoire collective. Cela dit, je crains que la rédaction de l’amendement ne mélange un peu tout. Je rappelle d’une part que d’autres produits toxiques que le chlordécone étaient utilisés – en particulier le Témik, qui provoquait une mort rapide par simple contact – et d’autre part que pendant la grève de 1952, il n’était pas question du chlordécone mais des rémunérations. Mais il est vrai que lorsque les ouvriers ont constaté que de nombreux décès étaient dus à l’utilisation du chlordécone, ils ont déclenché, à l’appel des syndicats, des grèves qui ont été violemment réprimées. De même que certains artistes ont écrit de belles chansons en mémoire de ces événements, nous pourrions, en tant qu’animateurs de la vie politique locale, instaurer chez nous un jour chômé, ou en tout cas un jour qui serait symbolique de l’attitude de l’État vis‑à‑vis de ces gens et de ces territoires. Je vois votre amendement comme un amendement d’appel qui nous incite à dépasser la compassion et à faire preuve de responsabilité pour que plus jamais une répression aussi brutale et féroce ne se reproduise. La Guadeloupe et la Martinique souffrent de nombreux maux. Il est bon que l’on en prenne la mesure dans d’autres domaines, notamment celui du développement économique. Mais c’est une bonne proposition que nous pourrions soumettre aux responsables locaux pour qu’ils la défendent au niveau national. Elle ne convient pas tout à fait à notre texte, mais en débattre nous permet de faire œuvre d’histoire et de mémoire. Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS13 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 420,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p270",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N14c1ec3d1a03",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Depuis que ce texte est ressorti du Sénat, je me demande ce que je pourrai bien vous répondre lorsque vous commencerez à faire entendre votre point de vue. Merci de le faire dans cette tonalité Cet amendement a trait à des événements très douloureux qui ont marqué la mémoire antillaise. Le fait est qu’une répression féroce a imposé un lourd tribut aux ouvriers de la banane et de la canne qui se sont dressés pour réclamer une vie et des salaires dignes. C’est aussi leur mémoire que nous défendons ici, parfois dans une certaine incompréhension – même si le président de notre commission a pu, en tant qu’ancien président de la Fédération hospitalière de France, apprécier la résilience de nos territoires. L’élu local que je suis depuis quelques années aurait pu être d’accord avec vous – pourquoi pas ? La date du 14 février est lourde de symboles pour tous les Antillais, et les répressions de 1952 et de 1974 sont encore très présentes dans la mémoire collective. Cela dit, je crains que la rédaction de l’amendement ne mélange un peu tout. Je rappelle d’une part que d’autres produits toxiques que le chlordécone étaient utilisés – en particulier le Témik, qui provoquait une mort rapide par simple contact – et d’autre part que pendant la grève de 1952, il n’était pas question du chlordécone mais des rémunérations. Mais il est vrai que lorsque les ouvriers ont constaté que de nombreux décès étaient dus à l’utilisation du chlordécone, ils ont déclenché, à l’appel des syndicats, des grèves qui ont été violemment réprimées. De même que certains artistes ont écrit de belles chansons en mémoire de ces événements, nous pourrions, en tant qu’animateurs de la vie politique locale, instaurer chez nous un jour chômé, ou en tout cas un jour qui serait symbolique de l’attitude de l’État vis‑à‑vis de ces gens et de ces territoires. Je vois votre amendement comme un amendement d’appel qui nous incite à dépasser la compassion et à faire preuve de responsabilité pour que plus jamais une répression aussi brutale et féroce ne se reproduise. La Guadeloupe et la Martinique souffrent de nombreux maux. Il est bon que l’on en prenne la mesure dans d’autres domaines, notamment celui du développement économique. Mais c’est une bonne proposition que nous pourrions soumettre aux responsables locaux pour qu’ils la défendent au niveau national. Elle ne convient pas tout à fait à notre texte, mais en débattre nous permet de faire œuvre d’histoire et de mémoire. Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p279",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "279"
   ],
   "order": 279,
   "text": "Cet amendement très important tend à fixer, parmi les objectifs que se donne l’État, celui d’évaluer l’effet cocktail, c’est-à-dire les interactions entre les différentes substances utilisées dans ces territoires, parmi lesquelles figure le glyphosate. Très peu d’études portent sur ce phénomène ; or il est probable que les différentes molécules sont bien plus dangereuses cumulées que prises séparément. Je retirerai l’amendement après avoir entendu le rapporteur, mais il est dommage que le Sénat n’ait pas retenu cette disposition",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 78,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p279",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N85f1d8133aee",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "S",
   "s": "R",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement très important tend à fixer, parmi les objectifs que se donne l’État, celui d’évaluer l’effet cocktail, c’est-à-dire les interactions entre les différentes substances utilisées dans ces territoires, parmi lesquelles figure le glyphosate. Très peu d’études portent sur ce phénomène ; or il est probable que les différentes molécules sont bien plus dangereuses cumulées que prises séparément. Je retirerai l’amendement après avoir entendu le rapporteur, mais il est dommage que le Sénat n’ait pas retenu cette disposition"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p280",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "280",
    "281"
   ],
   "order": 280,
   "text": "L’objet de la proposition de loi est d’améliorer la recherche sur la chlordécone et ses interactions avec l’environnement antillais. C’est ainsi que l’alinéa 2 de l’article 1er tend à ériger en priorité nationale la recherche sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la pollution au chlordécone, englobant ses produits de transformation. Nos universités s’intéressent à ces questions mais elles ont besoin de moyens pour avancer dans leurs recherches. Votre préoccupation est donc prise en compte Demande de retrait, ou avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 81,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p280",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nfeb5d5a06041",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "ES",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "L’objet de la proposition de loi est d’améliorer la recherche sur la chlordécone et ses interactions avec l’environnement antillais. C’est ainsi que l’alinéa 2 de l’article 1er tend à ériger en priorité nationale la recherche sur les effets sanitaires et environnementaux de la pollution au chlordécone, englobant ses produits de transformation. Nos universités s’intéressent à ces questions mais elles ont besoin de moyens pour avancer dans leurs recherches. Votre préoccupation est donc prise en compte Demande de retrait, ou avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p282",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "282"
   ],
   "order": 282,
   "text": "Je rappelle que les produits de transformation et les interactions sont deux choses différentes. Cela dit, l’étude de ces interactions a fait l’objet d’un amendement au projet de loi de finances, qui a été adopté. Je retire donc l’amendement AS3",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p282",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N112f70b6d217",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Je rappelle que les produits de transformation et les interactions sont deux choses différentes. Cela dit, l’étude de ces interactions a fait l’objet d’un amendement au projet de loi de finances, qui a été adopté. Je retire donc l’amendement AS3"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA759832",
   "speaker": "Agnès Pannier-Runacher",
   "quality": "Mme Agnès Pannier-Runacher (EPR).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845407",
   "group": "EPR",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p283",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "283",
    "284"
   ],
   "order": 283,
   "text": "Il faut aussi garder en tête que les textes européens comme les instructions de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail incluent désormais la prise en compte des interactions dans les bonnes pratiques d’évaluation toxicologique des produits, notamment des pesticides L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS3 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 48,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p283",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Ncc9fa7a5e11b",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Centre",
   "analysis_text": "Il faut aussi garder en tête que les textes européens comme les instructions de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail incluent désormais la prise en compte des interactions dans les bonnes pratiques d’évaluation toxicologique des produits, notamment des pesticides L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p286",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "286"
   ],
   "order": 286,
   "text": "La chlordéconémie – le test qui permet d’évaluer son exposition à la chlordécone, et donc d’agir pour la réduire – est gratuite depuis 2021 en Martinique et depuis 2022 en Guadeloupe. Nous proposons que le Gouvernement remette au Parlement un rapport évaluant le coût d’une campagne de prévention et de détection ainsi que le coût pour la sécurité sociale de l’extension de la gratuité de la chlordéconémie à l’ensemble du territoire français",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p286",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N2733f878b06c",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La chlordéconémie – le test qui permet d’évaluer son exposition à la chlordécone, et donc d’agir pour la réduire – est gratuite depuis 2021 en Martinique et depuis 2022 en Guadeloupe. Nous proposons que le Gouvernement remette au Parlement un rapport évaluant le coût d’une campagne de prévention et de détection ainsi que le coût pour la sécurité sociale de l’extension de la gratuité de la chlordéconémie à l’ensemble du territoire français"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p287",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "287",
    "288"
   ],
   "order": 287,
   "text": "Je ne vois pas très bien ce qui justifierait qu’un Marseillais ou un Corse qui n’a jamais vécu chez nous puisse bénéficier d’une chlordéconémie gratuite – à laquelle, je le rappelle, toute personne qui démontre son exposition au produit a accès. S’il s’agit d’utiliser ce dosage pour caractériser une éventuelle exposition encore inconnue à la chlordécone dans d’autres territoires, comme La Réunion, sachez que l’article 1er bis permet de prendre votre préoccupation en compte d’une manière moins coûteuse pour la sécurité sociale. Par ailleurs, on peut avoir été en contact avec la molécule sans que son taux dans le sang soit élevé et provoque l’apparition de maladies Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 113,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p287",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N732520e17d57",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BQ",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je ne vois pas très bien ce qui justifierait qu’un Marseillais ou un Corse qui n’a jamais vécu chez nous puisse bénéficier d’une chlordéconémie gratuite – à laquelle, je le rappelle, toute personne qui démontre son exposition au produit a accès. S’il s’agit d’utiliser ce dosage pour caractériser une éventuelle exposition encore inconnue à la chlordécone dans d’autres territoires, comme La Réunion, sachez que l’article 1er bis permet de prendre votre préoccupation en compte d’une manière moins coûteuse pour la sécurité sociale. Par ailleurs, on peut avoir été en contact avec la molécule sans que son taux dans le sang soit élevé et provoque l’apparition de maladies Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p289",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "289",
    "290"
   ],
   "order": 289,
   "text": "Beaucoup d’Antillais vivent à Marseille et beaucoup de Marseillais ont vécu aux Antilles ! Cet amendement est d’autant plus légitime qu’on ne peut pas déduire de la couleur de sa peau qu’une personne est victime du chlordécone L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS11 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 40,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p289",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N0bd760d25d8a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Beaucoup d’Antillais vivent à Marseille et beaucoup de Marseillais ont vécu aux Antilles ! Cet amendement est d’autant plus légitime qu’on ne peut pas déduire de la couleur de sa peau qu’une personne est victime du chlordécone L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p292",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "292",
    "293"
   ],
   "order": 292,
   "text": "Afin d’accélérer nos débats, j’annonce dès à présent que je vais retirer cet amendement qui tend à préciser que l’accompagnement des professionnels de la pêche et de l’agriculture doit s’inscrire dans un plan de diversification des ressources alimentaires. En effet, l’empoisonnement à la chlordécone est lié à une logique de monoculture et à une économie de comptoir, c’est-à-dire une économie presque exclusivement destinée à exporter ses produits vers le marché européen. Il est temps de s’attaquer à la source de l’empoisonnement – ce que ne font pas les plans Chlordécone. Je rappelle qu’en Martinique, les trois quarts du programme d’options spécifiques à l’éloignement et à l’insularité (Posei) sont captés par la banane L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS14 de Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 115,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p292",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N504cc75358c1",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "E",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Afin d’accélérer nos débats, j’annonce dès à présent que je vais retirer cet amendement qui tend à préciser que l’accompagnement des professionnels de la pêche et de l’agriculture doit s’inscrire dans un plan de diversification des ressources alimentaires. En effet, l’empoisonnement à la chlordécone est lié à une logique de monoculture et à une économie de comptoir, c’est-à-dire une économie presque exclusivement destinée à exporter ses produits vers le marché européen. Il est temps de s’attaquer à la source de l’empoisonnement – ce que ne font pas les plans Chlordécone. Je rappelle qu’en Martinique, les trois quarts du programme d’options spécifiques à l’éloignement et à l’insularité (Posei) sont captés par la banane L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842013",
   "speaker": "Steevy Gustave",
   "quality": "M. Steevy Gustave (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p295",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "295"
   ],
   "order": 295,
   "text": "Face au constat, largement partagé de la communauté médicale, du risque que fait peser la chlordécone sur la santé et le développement des enfants, il est urgent d’accélérer la recherche scientifique. À cause du caractère reprotoxique de la molécule, les conséquences de la chlordécone se font sentir sur plusieurs générations, entraînant un risque accru de malformations du nourrisson, de problèmes d’autisme, de dyslexie ou d’obésité. C’est une véritable bombe à retardement",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS5 de M. Steevy Gustave",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 71,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p295",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N06e0665af991",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Face au constat, largement partagé de la communauté médicale, du risque que fait peser la chlordécone sur la santé et le développement des enfants, il est urgent d’accélérer la recherche scientifique. À cause du caractère reprotoxique de la molécule, les conséquences de la chlordécone se font sentir sur plusieurs générations, entraînant un risque accru de malformations du nourrisson, de problèmes d’autisme, de dyslexie ou d’obésité. C’est une véritable bombe à retardement"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p296",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "296",
    "297",
    "298"
   ],
   "order": 296,
   "text": "Votre amendement est satisfait par la rédaction de l’alinéa 2, qui érige en priorité nationale la recherche sur les effets sanitaires de la chlordécone, y compris sur les enfants. À l’alinéa 5, le Sénat a choisi, à raison, de distinguer la question des pathologies féminines car cette problématique a été très largement négligée dans le cadre des recherches conduites jusqu’à récemment Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable. L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS5 de M. Steevy Gustave",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 70,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p296",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nbc8c89ee95d0",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Votre amendement est satisfait par la rédaction de l’alinéa 2, qui érige en priorité nationale la recherche sur les effets sanitaires de la chlordécone, y compris sur les enfants. À l’alinéa 5, le Sénat a choisi, à raison, de distinguer la question des pathologies féminines car cette problématique a été très largement négligée dans le cadre des recherches conduites jusqu’à récemment Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable. L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p300",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "300",
    "301",
    "302"
   ],
   "order": 300,
   "text": "Il s’agit de déployer une véritable campagne de prévention et d’information sur l’existence de la chlordéconémie. Nos concitoyens ne sont pas assez nombreux à en faire réaliser une M. le rapporteur. C’est un véritable sujet. L’information prévue par le plan Chlordécone 4 est insuffisante. Il faut y consacrer davantage de moyens et utiliser tous les canaux disponibles, notamment en langue créole. L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS9 de Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p300",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N24455e4febcb",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PST",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Il s’agit de déployer une véritable campagne de prévention et d’information sur l’existence de la chlordéconémie. Nos concitoyens ne sont pas assez nombreux à en faire réaliser une M. le rapporteur. C’est un véritable sujet. L’information prévue par le plan Chlordécone 4 est insuffisante. Il faut y consacrer davantage de moyens et utiliser tous les canaux disponibles, notamment en langue créole. L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA720892",
   "speaker": "Mathilde Panot",
   "quality": "Mme Mathilde Panot (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p304",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "304"
   ],
   "order": 304,
   "text": "Cet amendement précise que « sont considérées comme victimes les personnes qui ont été exposées à la molécule et qui résident toujours en Guadeloupe et en Martinique et celles qui ont quitté ces territoires, notamment celles qui résident désormais en France hexagonale ». N’oublions pas que le plus grand territoire dit d’outre-mer est l’Île-de-France",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS8 de Mme Mathilde Panot",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 54,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p304",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N6a1a34773ccf",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "Q",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Cet amendement précise que « sont considérées comme victimes les personnes qui ont été exposées à la molécule et qui résident toujours en Guadeloupe et en Martinique et celles qui ont quitté ces territoires, notamment celles qui résident désormais en France hexagonale ». N’oublions pas que le plus grand territoire dit d’outre-mer est l’Île-de-France"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA842013",
   "speaker": "Steevy Gustave",
   "quality": "M. Steevy Gustave (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p308",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "308"
   ],
   "order": 308,
   "text": "En Guadeloupe et en Martinique, le cancer de la prostate – reconnu comme maladie professionnelle depuis 2021 – est la pathologie la plus fréquente : son incidence et sa mortalité sont pratiquement deux fois plus élevées qu’en France hexagonale. Chaque année, quelque 600 hommes découvrent la présence d’une tumeur maligne. Pourtant, le dépistage de ce cancer reste insuffisant et repose sur une démarche individuelle. Nous voulons améliorer sa prévention",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS6 de M. Steevy Gustave et AS15 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 69,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p308",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nf2ba89fd90f6",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PS",
   "s": "I",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "En Guadeloupe et en Martinique, le cancer de la prostate – reconnu comme maladie professionnelle depuis 2021 – est la pathologie la plus fréquente : son incidence et sa mortalité sont pratiquement deux fois plus élevées qu’en France hexagonale. Chaque année, quelque 600 hommes découvrent la présence d’une tumeur maligne. Pourtant, le dépistage de ce cancer reste insuffisant et repose sur une démarche individuelle. Nous voulons améliorer sa prévention"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p309",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "309",
    "310",
    "311"
   ],
   "order": 309,
   "text": "Nous souhaitons garantir le dépistage systématique des cancers de la prostate, qui prolifèrent en Guadeloupe et en Martinique du fait notamment de l’exposition au chlordécone. Cette action de prévention était prévue par un amendement du groupe LIOT que l’Assemblée avait adopté en première lecture, mais le Sénat l’a supprimée Les recherches menées depuis plusieurs années confirment la recrudescence des cancers de la prostate et révèlent que l’exposition au chlordécone est susceptible de multiplier par trois le risque de récidive. La Martinique détient un triste record mondial, avec près de 230 nouveaux cas pour 100 000 hommes chaque année. À l’image du dispositif national de dépistage du cancer colorectal, un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate pour les hommes de plus de 45 ans favoriserait un diagnostic plus précoce, une prise en charge moins catastrophique et une réduction du risque de développer une forme grave de la maladie.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS6 de M. Steevy Gustave et AS15 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 148,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p309",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nf3da86bd2607",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "PQS",
   "s": "IRV",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "Nous souhaitons garantir le dépistage systématique des cancers de la prostate, qui prolifèrent en Guadeloupe et en Martinique du fait notamment de l’exposition au chlordécone. Cette action de prévention était prévue par un amendement du groupe LIOT que l’Assemblée avait adopté en première lecture, mais le Sénat l’a supprimée Les recherches menées depuis plusieurs années confirment la recrudescence des cancers de la prostate et révèlent que l’exposition au chlordécone est susceptible de multiplier par trois le risque de récidive. La Martinique détient un triste record mondial, avec près de 230 nouveaux cas pour 100 000 hommes chaque année. À l’image du dispositif national de dépistage du cancer colorectal, un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate pour les hommes de plus de 45 ans favoriserait un diagnostic plus précoce, une prise en charge moins catastrophique et une réduction du risque de développer une forme grave de la maladie."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p312",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "312",
    "313"
   ],
   "order": 312,
   "text": "La Haute Autorité de santé est opposée à un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate dans la population générale, car la balance bénéfices-risques n’est pas favorable. Les professionnels de santé que j’ai interrogés confirment qu’il appartient plutôt au médecin traitant de recommander un dépistage vers 40 ou 45 ans, le cas échéant, en fonction du profil du patient, de son mode de vie et de son environnement Les amendements sont retirés.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendements AS6 de M. Steevy Gustave et AS15 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (discussion commune)",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 72,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p312",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N583ada21ce0a",
   "r": "X",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "La Haute Autorité de santé est opposée à un dépistage systématique du cancer de la prostate dans la population générale, car la balance bénéfices-risques n’est pas favorable. Les professionnels de santé que j’ai interrogés confirment qu’il appartient plutôt au médecin traitant de recommander un dépistage vers 40 ou 45 ans, le cas échéant, en fonction du profil du patient, de son mode de vie et de son environnement Les amendements sont retirés."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA610654",
   "speaker": "Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "quality": "M. Jean-Philippe Nilor (LFI-NFP).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845413",
   "group": "LFI-NFP",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p315",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "315"
   ],
   "order": 315,
   "text": "La chlordéconémie, dosage de la chlordécone par prise de sang, coûte entre 120 et 160 euros dans l’Hexagone. Nous souhaitons étendre à l’ensemble du territoire français la gratuité de cet examen, en vigueur depuis 2021 et 2022 dans les collectivités de Guadeloupe et de Martinique",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS10 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p315",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N4ff6e9a4e2ea",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "BP",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "La chlordéconémie, dosage de la chlordécone par prise de sang, coûte entre 120 et 160 euros dans l’Hexagone. Nous souhaitons étendre à l’ensemble du territoire français la gratuité de cet examen, en vigueur depuis 2021 et 2022 dans les collectivités de Guadeloupe et de Martinique"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p316",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "316",
    "317",
    "318"
   ],
   "order": 316,
   "text": "Nous en avons déjà amplement débattu. Évitons de disperser nos moyens. Nous pourrons envisager ultérieurement un texte plus complet, en lien avec les autorités, mais vous savez qu’il n’est pas possible d’aller plus loin pour l’instant Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable. L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS10 de M. Jean-Philippe Nilor",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 45,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p316",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N067f4b5231ea",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Nous en avons déjà amplement débattu. Évitons de disperser nos moyens. Nous pourrons envisager ultérieurement un texte plus complet, en lien avec les autorités, mais vous savez qu’il n’est pas possible d’aller plus loin pour l’instant Demande de retrait ou avis défavorable. L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "PA795076",
   "speaker": "Sandrine Rousseau",
   "quality": "Mme Sandrine Rousseau (EcoS).",
   "role": "depute",
   "group_id": "PO845439",
   "group": "ECOS",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p320",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "320"
   ],
   "order": 320,
   "text": "L’amendement vise à reconnaître les responsabilités individuelles dans l’affaire du chlordécone. Certaines personnes ont signé les autorisations de mise sur le marché et les dérogations d’utilisation : il est trop facile de considérer qu’il n’y a pas de responsable",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS2 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 39,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p320",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "Nc82ab15c9320",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "J",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Gauche",
   "analysis_text": "L’amendement vise à reconnaître les responsabilités individuelles dans l’affaire du chlordécone. Certaines personnes ont signé les autorisations de mise sur le marché et les dérogations d’utilisation : il est trop facile de considérer qu’il n’y a pas de responsable"
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p321",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "321",
    "322"
   ],
   "order": 321,
   "text": "J’ai toujours dénoncé avec force et véhémence la responsabilité de l’État – nos débats en première lecture en ont témoigné. Si c’est bien l’État qui a autorisé la mise sur le marché du chlordécone, certains ont, il est vrai, poussé en ce sens, et d’autres ont signé. Mais faut-il sortir de leur tombeau les personnes qui servaient l’État à l’époque ? L’amendement est retiré.",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Amendement AS2 de Mme Sandrine Rousseau",
   "article": "Article 1er : Reconnaissance de la responsabilité de l’État dans les préjudices liés au chlordécone",
   "article_id": "p254",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 64,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": true,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p321",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N219f77718fd5",
   "r": "R",
   "frames": "R",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "J’ai toujours dénoncé avec force et véhémence la responsabilité de l’État – nos débats en première lecture en ont témoigné. Si c’est bien l’État qui a autorisé la mise sur le marché du chlordécone, certains ont, il est vrai, poussé en ce sens, et d’autres ont signé. Mais faut-il sortir de leur tombeau les personnes qui servaient l’État à l’époque ? L’amendement est retiré."
  },
  {
   "document": "RAPPANR5L17B2837@2026-05-27",
   "report_ref": "RAPPANR5L17B2837",
   "date": "2026-05-27",
   "date_method": "en-tête de réunion confronté aux actes",
   "legislature": 17,
   "seance_ref": null,
   "title": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_file": "sources/RAPPANR5L17B2837.html",
   "source_sha256": "f95cd611339ba1bc640ac272c8629c2700f95d778c12b739c37faf8328330df0",
   "genre": "commission",
   "format": "html-rapport",
   "speaker_id": "",
   "speaker": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "quality": "M. le rapporteur.",
   "role": "rapporteur",
   "group_id": null,
   "group": "INCONNU",
   "id": "chlordecone::RAPPANR5L17B2837-p334",
   "paragraph_ids": [
    "334",
    "335",
    "336"
   ],
   "order": 334,
   "text": "Je vous remercie, au nom des populations martiniquaises et guadeloupéennes. (Applaudissements.) * * *",
   "top": "Reconnaître la responsabilité de l’État et indemniser les victimes du chlordécone",
   "section": "Article 2 : Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article": "Article 2 : Gage de recevabilité financière",
   "article_id": "p330",
   "amendment": "",
   "amendments": [],
   "text_ref": "",
   "words": 14,
   "inclusion": "dossier",
   "direct": false,
   "base_id": "RAPPANR5L17B2837-p334",
   "case": "chlordecone",
   "annotation_id": "N8a2ab0dae3a7",
   "r": "D",
   "frames": "",
   "s": "-",
   "family": "Autres",
   "analysis_text": "Je vous remercie, au nom des populations martiniquaises et guadeloupéennes. (Applaudissements.) * * *"
  }
 ]
}